diff --git "a/data/en100/text/00000013.txt" "b/data/en100/text/00000013.txt"
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+++ "b/data/en100/text/00000013.txt"
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+dxYjSyC_Cjo-00000-00000319-00001007 [Applause]
+dxYjSyC_Cjo-00001-00001008-00001932 there's one more over here
+dxYjSyC_Cjo-00002-00001934-00001938 [Applause]
+dxYjSyC_Cjo-00003-00001939-00004095 [Music]
+dxYjSyC_Cjo-00005-00009264-00009431 all safe in the zone
+dxYjSyC_Cjo-00006-00009432-00010206 nice work
+dxYjSyC_Cjo-00007-00010207-00010391 uav is out of fuel returning for
+dxYjSyC_Cjo-00008-00010392-00011255 resupply
+dxYjSyC_Cjo-00009-00011256-00012287 wait or can you hear me
+dxYjSyC_Cjo-00010-00012288-00012495 can you kill me yeah okay
+dxYjSyC_Cjo-00011-00012496-00012655 i'm lagging out i'm lagging out that
+dxYjSyC_Cjo-00012-00012656-00012974 crash
+dxYjSyC_Cjo-00013-00012975-00013207 your teammate has entered the first
+dxYjSyC_Cjo-00014-00013208-00013944 surviving earn some redeployment
+dxYjSyC_Cjo-00015-00013944-00015486 [Music]
+dxYjSyC_Cjo-00016-00015487-00016150 ah
+dxYjSyC_Cjo-00017-00016151-00016822 really is one guy camping there
+dxYjSyC_Cjo-00018-00016823-00017007 you can laser him
+dxYjSyC_Cjo-00019-00017008-00017175 below from below
+dxYjSyC_Cjo-00020-00017176-00017527 yeah yeah you can listen for below
+dxYjSyC_Cjo-00021-00017528-00017679 oh yeah
+dxYjSyC_Cjo-00022-00017680-00017886 it was not
+dxYjSyC_Cjo-00023-00017887-00018407 cool
+dxYjSyC_Cjo-00024-00018408-00018663 i could not see him
+dxYjSyC_Cjo-00025-00018664-00019103 uh
+dxYjSyC_Cjo-00026-00019104-00019630 oh yeah i see him
+dxYjSyC_Cjo-00027-00019631-00019958 this lobby bro oh my i can't see bro i
+dxYjSyC_Cjo-00028-00019959-00021654 was on agents down
+dxYjSyC_Cjo-00029-00021655-00023303 [Music]
+dxYjSyC_Cjo-00030-00023304-00023942 i'll take the wheel be
+dxYjSyC_Cjo-00031-00023943-00024375 we got careful from other side yeah
+dxYjSyC_Cjo-00032-00024376-00026758 we're in this house
+dxYjSyC_Cjo-00033-00026760-00027455 so annoying
+dxYjSyC_Cjo-00034-00027456-00027895 tossing a frag
+dxYjSyC_Cjo-00035-00027895-00028255 tick that's a sniper yeah yeah
+dxYjSyC_Cjo-00036-00028256-00029132 it's annoying
+dxYjSyC_Cjo-00038-00032336-00033625 all point in the zone
+dxYjSyC_Cjo-00039-00033626-00034423 [Music]
+dxYjSyC_Cjo-00040-00034424-00035262 little one is going bad
+dxYjSyC_Cjo-00041-00035263-00035471 bro
+dxYjSyC_Cjo-00042-00035472-00035671 yeah no these weapons don't have any
+dxYjSyC_Cjo-00043-00035672-00037367 damage
+dxYjSyC_Cjo-00044-00037368-00037574 a lot of stuff on me if you need
+dxYjSyC_Cjo-00045-00037575-00038943 green
+dxYjSyC_Cjo-00046-00038944-00039821 enemy team is tracking your position
+dxYjSyC_Cjo-00047-00039822-00040855 [Music]
+dxYjSyC_Cjo-00048-00040856-00042039 [Music]
+dxYjSyC_Cjo-00049-00042040-00043518 uh
+dxYjSyC_Cjo-00050-00043519-00043639 oh yeah
+dxYjSyC_Cjo-00051-00043640-00043895 no lift the car lift the car
+dxYjSyC_Cjo-00052-00043896-00044135 or uh
+dxYjSyC_Cjo-00053-00044136-00044471 you can slide from the left uh
+dxYjSyC_Cjo-00054-00044472-00044815 like yeah you see there you're right
+dxYjSyC_Cjo-00055-00044816-00045615 there's the buildings
+dxYjSyC_Cjo-00056-00045616-00046974 watch this bro what the [__]
+dxYjSyC_Cjo-00057-00046975-00047655 [Music]
+dxYjSyC_Cjo-00058-00047656-00048255 so [__] bad with the sniper
+dxYjSyC_Cjo-00059-00048256-00048479 your teammate has entered
+dxYjSyC_Cjo-00060-00048480-00051158 surviving earth
+dxYjSyC_Cjo-00061-00051159-00052358 no
+dxYjSyC_Cjo-00062-00052359-00052687 oh bro
+dxYjSyC_Cjo-00063-00052688-00053123 i don't
+dxYjSyC_Cjo-00064-00053124-00054342 wanna i'm not feeling
+dxYjSyC_Cjo-00065-00054344-00054526 i think i'm dead but you can come for
+dxYjSyC_Cjo-00066-00054527-00055466 the money
+dxYjSyC_Cjo-00067-00055466-00055536 [Applause]
+dxYjSyC_Cjo-00068-00055537-00055775 [Music]
+dxYjSyC_Cjo-00069-00055776-00057494 break them
+dxYjSyC_Cjo-00070-00057495-00058087 the house that one i'll pick it up
+dxYjSyC_Cjo-00071-00058088-00058350 yeah at least three in there hey we can
+dxYjSyC_Cjo-00072-00058351-00058535 go here
+dxYjSyC_Cjo-00073-00058536-00058775 i need police you have plates
+dxYjSyC_Cjo-00074-00058776-00059087 uh yeah wait what one i got one plate
+dxYjSyC_Cjo-00075-00059088-00059254 just one place
+dxYjSyC_Cjo-00076-00059255-00059479 in location can you give me one
+dxYjSyC_Cjo-00077-00059479-00059654 yeah yeah
+dxYjSyC_Cjo-00078-00059655-00059950 all right
+dxYjSyC_Cjo-00079-00059951-00061047 you might wanna just push
+dxYjSyC_Cjo-00080-00061048-00062159 what
+dxYjSyC_Cjo-00081-00062160-00062247 yeah
+dxYjSyC_Cjo-00082-00062248-00062774 okay
+dxYjSyC_Cjo-00083-00062775-00065006 [Music]
+dxYjSyC_Cjo-00084-00065007-00065216 you
+dzxzsOXe4RA-00000-00000223-00000592 88888 lights-out was a campaign with the
+dzxzsOXe4RA-00001-00000593-00000889 stated goal of increasing awareness of
+dzxzsOXe4RA-00002-00000890-00001189 global warming and promoting actions to
+dzxzsOXe4RA-00003-00001190-00001578 reduce energy consumption by encouraging
+dzxzsOXe4RA-00004-00001579-00001879 India's residents to turn out the lights
+dzxzsOXe4RA-00005-00001880-00002122 for eight minutes and to become more
+dzxzsOXe4RA-00006-00002123-00002419 aware of environmental concerns the
+dzxzsOXe4RA-00007-00002420-00002647 organizers sought to limit greenhouse
+dzxzsOXe4RA-00008-00002648-00002983 gas emissions and reduce pollution of
+dzxzsOXe4RA-00009-00002984-00003595 the globe
+dzxzsOXe4RA-00010-00003596-00004284 topic campaign organization
+dzxzsOXe4RA-00011-00004285-00004611 the campaign was started by ex Nora
+dzxzsOXe4RA-00012-00004612-00004881 International a non-governmental
+dzxzsOXe4RA-00013-00004882-00005259 organization in India it called for
+dzxzsOXe4RA-00014-00005260-00005514 people to switch off their lights for 8
+dzxzsOXe4RA-00015-00005515-00006013 minutes at 8 p.m. on August 8 2008 8 8 8
+dzxzsOXe4RA-00016-00006014-00006384 8 8 to spread awareness and take action
+dzxzsOXe4RA-00017-00006385-00006642 to reduce energy consumption and the
+dzxzsOXe4RA-00018-00006643-00006921 resulting environmental damage in the
+dzxzsOXe4RA-00019-00006922-00007221 city of Chennai Governor Surjeet Singh
+dzxzsOXe4RA-00020-00007222-00007509 barn Allah ordered the lights off in Raj
+dzxzsOXe4RA-00021-00007511-00007870 Bhavan at 8 p.m. for 8 minutes and said
+dzxzsOXe4RA-00022-00007870-00008109 that an awakening should be created
+dzxzsOXe4RA-00023-00008111-00008394 among the people of all walks of life on
+dzxzsOXe4RA-00024-00008395-00008655 the root cause of global warming it
+dzxzsOXe4RA-00025-00008656-00008910 occurred at the very beginning of the
+dzxzsOXe4RA-00026-00008911-00009268 2008 Olympics the effort has been part
+dzxzsOXe4RA-00027-00009269-00009532 of a wider effort by the groups involved
+dzxzsOXe4RA-00028-00009533-00009757 to bring attention to environmental
+dzxzsOXe4RA-00029-00009758-00010439 issues
+dzxzsOXe4RA-00030-00010440-00011041 topic see also
+dzxzsOXe4RA-00031-00011042-00011252 flick off
+dzxzsOXe4RA-00032-00011253-00011549 Earth Hour
+dzZdRl4oTNQ-00000-00000000-00000238 hi i'm heather i'm passionate about real
+dzZdRl4oTNQ-00001-00000239-00000447 estate making money and i love a good
+dzZdRl4oTNQ-00002-00000448-00000623 property transformation i met up with
+dzZdRl4oTNQ-00003-00000624-00000815 real estate investor dave knight and in
+dzZdRl4oTNQ-00004-00000816-00000927 this video we're going to be taking a
+dzZdRl4oTNQ-00005-00000927-00001095 look at one of his flips in hamilton
+dzZdRl4oTNQ-00006-00001096-00001388 ontario
+dzZdRl4oTNQ-00007-00001389-00002071 [Music]
+dzZdRl4oTNQ-00008-00002072-00002231 okay we're heading out to hamilton to
+dzZdRl4oTNQ-00009-00002232-00002383 meet up with real estate investor dave
+dzZdRl4oTNQ-00010-00002384-00002583 knight and check out his flip all right
+dzZdRl4oTNQ-00011-00002584-00002742 let's do this hey how's it going i'm
+dzZdRl4oTNQ-00012-00002743-00002902 dave knight i'm the founder of first
+dzZdRl4oTNQ-00013-00002903-00003083 responders wealth network and
+dzZdRl4oTNQ-00014-00003084-00003247 911wealthnetwork.com and this is one of
+dzZdRl4oTNQ-00015-00003247-00003335 our
+dzZdRl4oTNQ-00016-00003336-00003535 many projects in hamilton here so come
+dzZdRl4oTNQ-00017-00003536-00003767 on inside so this is a single family
+dzZdRl4oTNQ-00018-00003768-00004006 home and we had to go to the city and
+dzZdRl4oTNQ-00019-00004007-00004206 convert it so it'll actually end up
+dzZdRl4oTNQ-00020-00004207-00004463 being a legal duplex with an in-law
+dzZdRl4oTNQ-00021-00004464-00004767 suite so three unit so we're technically
+dzZdRl4oTNQ-00022-00004768-00005006 in the core of the downtown core it can
+dzZdRl4oTNQ-00023-00005007-00005135 still get a little bit of that larger
+dzZdRl4oTNQ-00024-00005136-00005383 square footage larger lots so right now
+dzZdRl4oTNQ-00025-00005384-00005518 we're in between
+dzZdRl4oTNQ-00026-00005519-00005767 main street and king
+dzZdRl4oTNQ-00027-00005768-00006031 on the downtown core just off sherman
+dzZdRl4oTNQ-00028-00006032-00006270 avenue the value and the refinance is
+dzZdRl4oTNQ-00029-00006271-00006414 really huge here for people who are
+dzZdRl4oTNQ-00030-00006415-00006606 looking to burn these properties which
+dzZdRl4oTNQ-00031-00006608-00006895 is buy renovate rent refinance but
+dzZdRl4oTNQ-00032-00006895-00007095 specifically what i'm doing here is
+dzZdRl4oTNQ-00033-00007095-00007303 flipping them so i'm actually making
+dzZdRl4oTNQ-00034-00007304-00007446 doing the whole conversion and rather
+dzZdRl4oTNQ-00035-00007447-00007591 than refinance it i'm putting it on the
+dzZdRl4oTNQ-00036-00007592-00007759 market and i'm selling it to another
+dzZdRl4oTNQ-00037-00007759-00007903 investor to come in
+dzZdRl4oTNQ-00038-00007904-00008142 and fill these units up with
+dzZdRl4oTNQ-00039-00008143-00008455 large rents and then continuing on as a
+dzZdRl4oTNQ-00040-00008456-00008639 income property okay so here we are
+dzZdRl4oTNQ-00041-00008640-00008855 we're in the main entrance of the front
+dzZdRl4oTNQ-00042-00008856-00009063 door so this will actually be blocked
+dzZdRl4oTNQ-00043-00009064-00009263 off so it's kind of nice this will be
+dzZdRl4oTNQ-00044-00009264-00009455 the main entrance for the upper unit
+dzZdRl4oTNQ-00045-00009456-00009623 three bed one bath all right so i'll
+dzZdRl4oTNQ-00046-00009624-00010087 take you guys to the main floor
+dzZdRl4oTNQ-00047-00010088-00010319 so this used to be a wall here uh this
+dzZdRl4oTNQ-00048-00010320-00010638 used to be closed in it's about 70 new
+dzZdRl4oTNQ-00049-00010639-00010887 drywall in here we're putting all vinyl
+dzZdRl4oTNQ-00050-00010888-00011174 flooring this will end up being one bed
+dzZdRl4oTNQ-00051-00011175-00011438 one bath unit on the main floor
+dzZdRl4oTNQ-00052-00011439-00011727 unit upstairs will be three bed one bath
+dzZdRl4oTNQ-00053-00011728-00011951 and then downstairs will be uh one bed
+dzZdRl4oTNQ-00054-00011952-00012183 one bath so three units each have their
+dzZdRl4oTNQ-00055-00012184-00012431 own separate entrance and exit the tour
+dzZdRl4oTNQ-00056-00012432-00012638 is very quick but this will be the
+dzZdRl4oTNQ-00057-00012639-00012927 master bedroom so you can obviously it's
+dzZdRl4oTNQ-00058-00012928-00013127 pretty large space in here for the
+dzZdRl4oTNQ-00059-00013128-00013455 closet so this will be very open area so
+dzZdRl4oTNQ-00060-00013456-00013607 obviously this is the entrance this will
+dzZdRl4oTNQ-00061-00013608-00013807 be the entrance into the main floor uh
+dzZdRl4oTNQ-00062-00013808-00014143 for the upper unit is the front door
+dzZdRl4oTNQ-00063-00014144-00014303 and this will actually all be parking
+dzZdRl4oTNQ-00064-00014304-00014399 adds
+dzZdRl4oTNQ-00065-00014400-00014591 an addition to rent and income which
+dzZdRl4oTNQ-00066-00014591-00014783 will help me on the flip side which is
+dzZdRl4oTNQ-00067-00014784-00014966 what i'm doing here this used to be a
+dzZdRl4oTNQ-00068-00014968-00015311 four bedroom area but we cleared this
+dzZdRl4oTNQ-00069-00015312-00015543 out we knocked down a couple walls uh
+dzZdRl4oTNQ-00070-00015544-00015815 put the beam up and now this is gonna be
+dzZdRl4oTNQ-00071-00015816-00016086 a large open kitchen we always do all of
+dzZdRl4oTNQ-00072-00016087-00016279 our bathrooms with stand-up showers we
+dzZdRl4oTNQ-00073-00016280-00016511 try and eliminate the tub because we're
+dzZdRl4oTNQ-00074-00016512-00016727 kind of aiming for that young executive
+dzZdRl4oTNQ-00075-00016728-00016927 couple to come in not as much as like
+dzZdRl4oTNQ-00076-00016928-00017150 the family vibe you'll see just stand up
+dzZdRl4oTNQ-00077-00017151-00017407 shower remove the tub everything's all
+dzZdRl4oTNQ-00078-00017408-00017686 brand new all new plumbing everything we
+dzZdRl4oTNQ-00079-00017687-00017814 pretty much start from scratch because
+dzZdRl4oTNQ-00080-00017815-00017999 we gotta go to the city get the permits
+dzZdRl4oTNQ-00081-00018000-00018183 for the electrical redo everything so we
+dzZdRl4oTNQ-00082-00018184-00018399 really focus on starting it from scratch
+dzZdRl4oTNQ-00083-00018400-00018583 and then building up from the ground up
+dzZdRl4oTNQ-00084-00018584-00018743 fiance and i were literally handing out
+dzZdRl4oTNQ-00085-00018744-00018935 flyers we were hanging flyers up and
+dzZdRl4oTNQ-00086-00018936-00019135 down the street all around this area we
+dzZdRl4oTNQ-00087-00019136-00019335 connected with someone who mentioned hey
+dzZdRl4oTNQ-00088-00019336-00019430 they're going to be selling down the
+dzZdRl4oTNQ-00089-00019431-00019694 road as soon as it hit mls we gave a
+dzZdRl4oTNQ-00090-00019695-00019871 cash offer and they accepted right away
+dzZdRl4oTNQ-00091-00019872-00020030 anytime i'm flipping i don't joint
+dzZdRl4oTNQ-00092-00020031-00020207 venture with people
+dzZdRl4oTNQ-00093-00020208-00020383 joint venture traditionally is when it's
+dzZdRl4oTNQ-00094-00020384-00020599 50 50. you know if i was going to hold
+dzZdRl4oTNQ-00095-00020600-00020743 this property i would definitely bring
+dzZdRl4oTNQ-00096-00020744-00021022 in a partner if i wanted to and
+dzZdRl4oTNQ-00097-00021023-00021167 they would sign the dotted line they
+dzZdRl4oTNQ-00098-00021168-00021343 bring all the capital i do all the work
+dzZdRl4oTNQ-00099-00021344-00021527 and then we split up 50 50. and hold the
+dzZdRl4oTNQ-00100-00021528-00021719 property but here obviously i'm flipping
+dzZdRl4oTNQ-00101-00021720-00021943 so that's why we do passive hard money
+dzZdRl4oTNQ-00102-00021944-00022294 they call it and i give them 10 return
+dzZdRl4oTNQ-00103-00022295-00022486 and then that's how we do business there
+dzZdRl4oTNQ-00104-00022487-00022639 depends on the projects it's either
+dzZdRl4oTNQ-00105-00022640-00022830 conventional banks or private lending so
+dzZdRl4oTNQ-00106-00022831-00023014 this specific one is through your scotia
+dzZdRl4oTNQ-00107-00023015-00023119 bank
+dzZdRl4oTNQ-00108-00023120-00023335 so a normal conventional bank here in
+dzZdRl4oTNQ-00109-00023336-00023655 canada and all the renovation and down
+dzZdRl4oTNQ-00110-00023656-00023894 payment are all through investors so
+dzZdRl4oTNQ-00111-00023895-00024078 anyone who wants to invest passively
+dzZdRl4oTNQ-00112-00024079-00024255 doesn't want to do this operation that
+dzZdRl4oTNQ-00113-00024256-00024422 i'm doing which is understandable it's a
+dzZdRl4oTNQ-00114-00024423-00024542 lot of work
+dzZdRl4oTNQ-00115-00024543-00024742 they'll invest with me passively i give
+dzZdRl4oTNQ-00116-00024743-00025007 them a 10 return usually around there
+dzZdRl4oTNQ-00117-00025008-00025319 get 20 down make the purchase
+dzZdRl4oTNQ-00118-00025320-00025583 traditional bank conventional bank
+dzZdRl4oTNQ-00119-00025584-00025870 does the remainder 80 loan to value and
+dzZdRl4oTNQ-00120-00025872-00026062 then the remainder of the renovation
+dzZdRl4oTNQ-00121-00026063-00026414 budget overhead cost etc insurance all
+dzZdRl4oTNQ-00122-00026416-00026543 that stuff
+dzZdRl4oTNQ-00123-00026544-00026783 is all covered through investor funds
+dzZdRl4oTNQ-00124-00026783-00026943 all right so downstairs is pretty rough
+dzZdRl4oTNQ-00125-00026944-00027118 still but you'll get an idea what kind
+dzZdRl4oTNQ-00126-00027119-00027270 of what's going on
+dzZdRl4oTNQ-00127-00027272-00027487 um so this will be
+dzZdRl4oTNQ-00128-00027488-00027695 the entrance into the basement so this
+dzZdRl4oTNQ-00129-00027695-00027855 will actually be blocked off where you
+dzZdRl4oTNQ-00130-00027856-00028118 are this unit will walk downstairs as
+dzZdRl4oTNQ-00131-00028119-00028343 you can see it's a big
+dzZdRl4oTNQ-00132-00028344-00028558 construction zone right now
+dzZdRl4oTNQ-00133-00028560-00028743 you're always battling with uh you know
+dzZdRl4oTNQ-00134-00028744-00029046 older homes for the ceiling height so
+dzZdRl4oTNQ-00135-00029047-00029183 something that you got to consider when
+dzZdRl4oTNQ-00136-00029183-00029327 you're looking at uh doing these
+dzZdRl4oTNQ-00137-00029327-00029543 multi-family conversions no so i'm a
+dzZdRl4oTNQ-00138-00029544-00029735 full-time police officer okay i work on
+dzZdRl4oTNQ-00139-00029736-00029974 the road shift work uh still working
+dzZdRl4oTNQ-00140-00029975-00030158 full-time that's why i've been able to
+dzZdRl4oTNQ-00141-00030160-00030343 do what i'm doing because i've
+dzZdRl4oTNQ-00142-00030344-00030527 invested in my education i'm investing
+dzZdRl4oTNQ-00143-00030527-00030774 the time i've got some experience now
+dzZdRl4oTNQ-00144-00030775-00030958 and i got a great team as far as people
+dzZdRl4oTNQ-00145-00030960-00031223 who invest with me i do stick to my
+dzZdRl4oTNQ-00146-00031224-00031511 first responder community i like to give
+dzZdRl4oTNQ-00147-00031512-00031670 them great returns and just kind of
+dzZdRl4oTNQ-00148-00031672-00031870 network with people that i know majority
+dzZdRl4oTNQ-00149-00031872-00032055 of the projects i get them done in about
+dzZdRl4oTNQ-00150-00032056-00032207 six to eight months and then i leave
+dzZdRl4oTNQ-00151-00032208-00032462 that remainder of the year to list it
+dzZdRl4oTNQ-00152-00032463-00032670 find a buyer and close on it so usually
+dzZdRl4oTNQ-00153-00032672-00032911 i give myself about 12 months so in all
+dzZdRl4oTNQ-00154-00032912-00033174 our units that we do we always do
+dzZdRl4oTNQ-00155-00033175-00033423 each unit is self-sufficient so it's
+dzZdRl4oTNQ-00156-00033424-00033631 individually metered in addition to that
+dzZdRl4oTNQ-00157-00033632-00033959 it also has its own washer and dryer so
+dzZdRl4oTNQ-00158-00033960-00034135 no one's sharing that kind of stuff
+dzZdRl4oTNQ-00159-00034136-00034311 which obviously creates a bit more of a
+dzZdRl4oTNQ-00160-00034312-00034415 premium
+dzZdRl4oTNQ-00161-00034416-00034615 as well for rent the only thing that'll
+dzZdRl4oTNQ-00162-00034616-00034727 be
+dzZdRl4oTNQ-00163-00034728-00034951 all included will be the water
+dzZdRl4oTNQ-00164-00034952-00035031 and
+dzZdRl4oTNQ-00165-00035032-00035262 gas so we can't separate that but the
+dzZdRl4oTNQ-00166-00035263-00035495 hydro will be individually metered
+dzZdRl4oTNQ-00167-00035496-00035815 through their usage let's recap this
+dzZdRl4oTNQ-00168-00035816-00036087 dave bought a single family home for 550
+dzZdRl4oTNQ-00169-00036088-00036174 000
+dzZdRl4oTNQ-00170-00036175-00036399 and is converting it into a triplex he
+dzZdRl4oTNQ-00171-00036400-00036639 put 300 000 into the deal and that
+dzZdRl4oTNQ-00172-00036640-00036927 includes full construction materials
+dzZdRl4oTNQ-00173-00036928-00037262 carrying costs for 12 months money costs
+dzZdRl4oTNQ-00174-00037263-00037462 and realtor fees dave's looking at
+dzZdRl4oTNQ-00175-00037463-00037702 selling the property for 1.2 million
+dzZdRl4oTNQ-00176-00037703-00037871 which would leave him with a profit of
+dzZdRl4oTNQ-00177-00037872-00038062 350 000
+dzZdRl4oTNQ-00178-00038063-00038215 if you want more real estate investing
+dzZdRl4oTNQ-00179-00038216-00038383 content make sure to subscribe to my
+dzZdRl4oTNQ-00180-00038384-00038616 channel
+d-aN4pYs2uI-00000-00000005-00000308 GM's Dorough very bad guitar solos'
+d-aN4pYs2uI-00001-00000309-00000804 natured 4z Catalan supercar Gipper car
+d-aN4pYs2uI-00002-00000805-00001085 approaching normally both muscle caroms
+d-aN4pYs2uI-00003-00001086-00001148 Olivia
+d-aN4pYs2uI-00004-00001149-00001520 eeeh the canister is almost and Zi Jun
+d-aN4pYs2uI-00005-00001521-00001775 aluminum Marijke is gel of your passport
+d-aN4pYs2uI-00006-00001776-00003561 Peter Luhn in knowledge kappa katas
+d-aN4pYs2uI-00007-00003563-00004313 father you take me up again
+d-aN4pYs2uI-00008-00004314-00004554 feeling maybe I could see her eyes
+d-aN4pYs2uI-00009-00004555-00004890 you
+d-aN4pYs2uI-00010-00004891-00006541 the first time you really go
+d-aN4pYs2uI-00011-00006542-00008480 [Music]
+d-aN4pYs2uI-00012-00008481-00009068 [Music]
+d-aN4pYs2uI-00013-00009069-00009761 [Music]
+d-aN4pYs2uI-00014-00009762-00011702 [Music]
+d-aN4pYs2uI-00015-00011703-00011945 Hey
+d-aN4pYs2uI-00016-00011946-00012589 yeah yeah I'm not saying Hey
+d-aN4pYs2uI-00017-00012590-00015469 yeah yeah I'm no saint
+d-aN4pYs2uI-00018-00015471-00017442 [Music]
+d-aN4pYs2uI-00019-00017443-00018027 [Music]
+d-aN4pYs2uI-00020-00018028-00020001 [Music]
+d-aN4pYs2uI-00021-00020002-00020619 [Music]
+d-aN4pYs2uI-00022-00020620-00021181 [Music]
+d-aN4pYs2uI-00023-00021182-00021650 wait to leave this town stay the are the
+d-aN4pYs2uI-00024-00021651-00021992 thing down the cold nights just don't
+d-aN4pYs2uI-00025-00021993-00022608 feel the same
+d-aN4pYs2uI-00026-00022609-00022975 decided to buddy
+d-aN4pYs2uI-00027-00022976-00023341 driver put back
+d-aN4pYs2uI-00028-00023342-00023495 Oh
+d-aN4pYs2uI-00029-00023496-00026067 [Applause]
+d-aN4pYs2uI-00030-00026068-00027705 reach for the stars
+d-aN4pYs2uI-00031-00027706-00029032 [Music]
+d-aN4pYs2uI-00032-00029033-00029519 you can't wait to see me now cuz lately
+d-aN4pYs2uI-00033-00029520-00029849 you've been feeling down you there your
+d-aN4pYs2uI-00034-00029850-00031487 wake up on that night Oh
+d-aN4pYs2uI-00035-00031488-00034323 Oh
+d-aN4pYs2uI-00036-00034324-00035989 [Music]
+d-aN4pYs2uI-00038-00039312-00040120 study our defender
+d-aN4pYs2uI-00039-00040121-00042330 [Music]
+d-aN4pYs2uI-00040-00042331-00042756 I can't wait to leave this town stay the
+d-aN4pYs2uI-00041-00042757-00043848 are the feeling down
+d-aN4pYs2uI-00042-00043849-00044214 [Music]
+d-aN4pYs2uI-00043-00044215-00044399 [Laughter]
+d-aN4pYs2uI-00044-00044400-00045411 [Music]
+d-aN4pYs2uI-00045-00045412-00046678 I got disconnected tire
+d-aN4pYs2uI-00046-00046679-00048209 [Music]
+d-aN4pYs2uI-00047-00048210-00048501 flames and fire
+d-aN4pYs2uI-00048-00048502-00048818 you
+d-aN4pYs2uI-00049-00048819-00049161 it's just fired
+d-aN4pYs2uI-00050-00049162-00050205 [Music]
+d-aN4pYs2uI-00051-00050206-00050315 yeah
+d-aN4pYs2uI-00052-00050316-00051538 [Music]
+d-aN4pYs2uI-00053-00051539-00051788 was wrong but I made it right as you
+d-aN4pYs2uI-00054-00051789-00052026 came back until you tied a wallet
+d-aN4pYs2uI-00055-00052027-00052190 goodbye the jungle out of your state of
+d-aN4pYs2uI-00056-00052191-00052425 mind I've been counting one to ten I'll
+d-aN4pYs2uI-00057-00052426-00052760 be back when you began
+d-aN4pYs2uI-00058-00052761-00053275 [Music]
+d-aN4pYs2uI-00059-00053276-00053900 after gone
+d-aN4pYs2uI-00060-00053901-00054271 groans OH
+d-aN4pYs2uI-00061-00054272-00054714 you
+d-aN4pYs2uI-00062-00054715-00055219 haha
+d-aN4pYs2uI-00063-00055220-00055560 it's just fired
+d-aN4pYs2uI-00064-00055561-00055931 [Music]
+d-aN4pYs2uI-00065-00055932-00056559 Oh
+d-aN4pYs2uI-00066-00056560-00056976 that's fine
+d-aN4pYs2uI-00067-00056977-00058136 [Music]
+d-aN4pYs2uI-00068-00058137-00059104 [Music]
+d-aN4pYs2uI-00069-00059104-00059492 just fine yeah
+d-aN4pYs2uI-00070-00059494-00059996 [Music]
+d-aN4pYs2uI-00071-00059997-00060053 now
+d-aN4pYs2uI-00072-00060054-00060379 [Music]
+d-aN4pYs2uI-00073-00060380-00060746 it's just fired
+dA2KkzULnRE-00000-00000200-00000335 hello this
+dA2KkzULnRE-00001-00000336-00000663 is going to be a short
+dA2KkzULnRE-00002-00000664-00001015 overview on how to proceed with your
+dA2KkzULnRE-00003-00001016-00001119 project report
+dA2KkzULnRE-00004-00001120-00001550 in the course applied iot
+dA2KkzULnRE-00005-00001551-00001871 we will do this in a peer review
+dA2KkzULnRE-00006-00001872-00002207 format that means you you will be uh
+dA2KkzULnRE-00007-00002208-00002526 reading three other student
+dA2KkzULnRE-00008-00002527-00002855 reports and you will also get feedback
+dA2KkzULnRE-00009-00002856-00002910 from
+dA2KkzULnRE-00010-00002911-00003247 three other students as we are
+dA2KkzULnRE-00011-00003247-00003527 many in the course it is important that
+dA2KkzULnRE-00012-00003528-00003838 you follow the instructions
+dA2KkzULnRE-00013-00003839-00004231 so we can clear out all all confusing
+dA2KkzULnRE-00014-00004232-00004295 parts
+dA2KkzULnRE-00015-00004296-00004679 as early as possible so that's why i
+dA2KkzULnRE-00016-00004680-00004838 created this video
+dA2KkzULnRE-00017-00004839-00005279 so let's get to it you will find
+dA2KkzULnRE-00018-00005280-00005599 this document which i have behind me in
+dA2KkzULnRE-00019-00005600-00005975 our course web page as the
+dA2KkzULnRE-00020-00005976-00006486 project report id tutorial template
+dA2KkzULnRE-00021-00006487-00006806 so let's start how to write your
+dA2KkzULnRE-00022-00006808-00006878 tutorial
+dA2KkzULnRE-00023-00006879-00007175 and we have chosen in this course to
+dA2KkzULnRE-00024-00007176-00007239 have
+dA2KkzULnRE-00025-00007240-00007574 your assignment your report
+dA2KkzULnRE-00026-00007575-00007919 written in a tutorial format and
+dA2KkzULnRE-00027-00007920-00008246 why is that that is because it is uh
+dA2KkzULnRE-00028-00008247-00008551 it should be fun and it should be when
+dA2KkzULnRE-00029-00008552-00008767 you're writing a tutorial for someone
+dA2KkzULnRE-00030-00008768-00008839 else you
+dA2KkzULnRE-00031-00008840-00009135 you need to explain your choices and
+dA2KkzULnRE-00032-00009136-00009319 your reasoning behind it
+dA2KkzULnRE-00033-00009320-00009599 and also that this is an applied course
+dA2KkzULnRE-00034-00009600-00009655 so
+dA2KkzULnRE-00035-00009656-00010078 why not do it as a tutorial
+dA2KkzULnRE-00036-00010079-00010391 you are required to write this in the
+dA2KkzULnRE-00037-00010392-00010463 markdown
+dA2KkzULnRE-00038-00010464-00010742 language and you might ask what is the
+dA2KkzULnRE-00039-00010743-00010927 markdown language it's a
+dA2KkzULnRE-00040-00010928-00011351 super simple way of formatting
+dA2KkzULnRE-00041-00011352-00011710 just text it makes
+dA2KkzULnRE-00042-00011711-00012014 it very easy to share code it makes it
+dA2KkzULnRE-00043-00012015-00012183 very easy to share
+dA2KkzULnRE-00044-00012184-00012535 whatever you write and you don't have to
+dA2KkzULnRE-00045-00012536-00012791 worry much about the format it will look
+dA2KkzULnRE-00046-00012792-00012886 good
+dA2KkzULnRE-00047-00012887-00013263 and it will most look the same so
+dA2KkzULnRE-00048-00013263-00013575 please just read on on
+dA2KkzULnRE-00049-00013576-00013871 how to format markdown language you will
+dA2KkzULnRE-00050-00013872-00013943 learn
+dA2KkzULnRE-00051-00013944-00014151 right away if even if you have never
+dA2KkzULnRE-00052-00014152-00014486 done it before
+dA2KkzULnRE-00053-00014487-00014807 we will do this in a peer review setting
+dA2KkzULnRE-00054-00014808-00015103 so everything that you that is done will
+dA2KkzULnRE-00055-00015104-00015135 be
+dA2KkzULnRE-00056-00015136-00015399 read by at least three other student
+dA2KkzULnRE-00057-00015400-00015550 peers and i do say
+dA2KkzULnRE-00058-00015551-00015863 at least because i do think that
+dA2KkzULnRE-00059-00015863-00016158 it will be fun if more people than that
+dA2KkzULnRE-00060-00016159-00016191 are
+dA2KkzULnRE-00061-00016191-00016591 reading it and of course i do want you
+dA2KkzULnRE-00062-00016592-00016671 all to
+dA2KkzULnRE-00063-00016672-00017022 share whatever you make during this
+dA2KkzULnRE-00064-00017023-00017119 course
+dA2KkzULnRE-00065-00017120-00017471 as open and public as possible
+dA2KkzULnRE-00066-00017472-00017758 so how is this peer review going to look
+dA2KkzULnRE-00067-00017759-00017791 and
+dA2KkzULnRE-00068-00017792-00018103 now i'm in the canvas
+dA2KkzULnRE-00069-00018104-00018503 site and what you see here might not be
+dA2KkzULnRE-00070-00018504-00018639 the student view but
+dA2KkzULnRE-00071-00018640-00018871 you will get the same view as soon as
+dA2KkzULnRE-00072-00018872-00019079 this is opened up
+dA2KkzULnRE-00073-00019080-00019383 uh what you will be doing is
+dA2KkzULnRE-00074-00019384-00019694 when you and are going to
+dA2KkzULnRE-00075-00019695-00020055 do a peer review of of the paper that
+dA2KkzULnRE-00076-00020056-00020150 are assigned to you
+dA2KkzULnRE-00077-00020151-00020550 this will be automatically and
+dA2KkzULnRE-00078-00020551-00020927 random assigned so
+dA2KkzULnRE-00079-00020928-00021239 all people that hands in before the
+dA2KkzULnRE-00080-00021240-00021350 deadline
+dA2KkzULnRE-00081-00021351-00021719 will be uh having an random
+dA2KkzULnRE-00082-00021720-00022039 free peer reviews and what you are going
+dA2KkzULnRE-00083-00022040-00022086 to do
+dA2KkzULnRE-00084-00022087-00022455 as a peer is to check this
+dA2KkzULnRE-00085-00022456-00022847 very advanced and detailed rubrics
+dA2KkzULnRE-00086-00022848-00023175 that means that it's more or less a game
+dA2KkzULnRE-00087-00023176-00023494 of putting down checkboxes that things
+dA2KkzULnRE-00088-00023495-00023822 are done so it's actually
+dA2KkzULnRE-00089-00023823-00024142 one point for title and name and student
+dA2KkzULnRE-00090-00024143-00024311 credentials which might
+dA2KkzULnRE-00091-00024312-00024599 seem unnecessary but as this is
+dA2KkzULnRE-00092-00024600-00024719 something that is very
+dA2KkzULnRE-00093-00024720-00025222 easy to miss we still have it here
+dA2KkzULnRE-00094-00025223-00025614 so the the rubrics here
+dA2KkzULnRE-00095-00025616-00026022 are directly linked to the tutorial
+dA2KkzULnRE-00096-00026023-00026223 and i'm going to show you here that you
+dA2KkzULnRE-00097-00026224-00026431 see that there are some check boxes here
+dA2KkzULnRE-00098-00026432-00026583 i'm going to talk about that
+dA2KkzULnRE-00099-00026583-00026895 but you need to fill all the checkboxes
+dA2KkzULnRE-00100-00026895-00027231 those are needed to get a grade
+dA2KkzULnRE-00101-00027232-00027446 so you can't skip the checkboxes you
+dA2KkzULnRE-00102-00027447-00027767 need to do them all
+dA2KkzULnRE-00103-00027768-00028083 so how do you do this you can
+dA2KkzULnRE-00104-00028083-00028479 either open an account on hackmd
+dA2KkzULnRE-00105-00028480-00028799 which is the tool that i'm using now
+dA2KkzULnRE-00106-00028800-00028911 when i'm showing this
+dA2KkzULnRE-00107-00028912-00029151 and the tool that you have been seen
+dA2KkzULnRE-00108-00029152-00029255 used by
+dA2KkzULnRE-00109-00029256-00029646 many of the tas already in the course
+dA2KkzULnRE-00110-00029647-00029967 it's a great tool for editing
+dA2KkzULnRE-00111-00029968-00030287 markdown documents online and
+dA2KkzULnRE-00112-00030288-00030590 sharing what you've done
+dA2KkzULnRE-00113-00030591-00030958 publicly so this is the recommended
+dA2KkzULnRE-00114-00030960-00031055 alternative
+dA2KkzULnRE-00115-00031056-00031351 open an account attackmd if you haven't
+dA2KkzULnRE-00116-00031352-00031470 done it already
+dA2KkzULnRE-00117-00031472-00031751 you might as well use your username as
+dA2KkzULnRE-00118-00031752-00031911 the student credentials
+dA2KkzULnRE-00119-00031912-00032246 but it's up to you and then
+dA2KkzULnRE-00120-00032247-00032431 you write the tutorial using the
+dA2KkzULnRE-00121-00032432-00032639 template found below i'm going to
+dA2KkzULnRE-00122-00032639-00032951 come to that in just a second and as i
+dA2KkzULnRE-00123-00032952-00033118 said the check boxes needs to be
+dA2KkzULnRE-00124-00033119-00033215 fulfilled
+dA2KkzULnRE-00125-00033216-00033567 a star means the advanced level
+dA2KkzULnRE-00126-00033568-00033790 and then don't forget to publish your
+dA2KkzULnRE-00127-00033791-00034015 tutorial
+dA2KkzULnRE-00128-00034016-00034262 and upload the tutorial according to
+dA2KkzULnRE-00129-00034263-00034511 instructions on the learning platform
+dA2KkzULnRE-00130-00034512-00034718 and actually what we're going to do on
+dA2KkzULnRE-00131-00034719-00034943 the learning platform which is canvas
+dA2KkzULnRE-00132-00034944-00035279 is to upload the url the link to your
+dA2KkzULnRE-00133-00035280-00035383 tutorial so
+dA2KkzULnRE-00134-00035384-00035702 it will actually be at hackymd we will
+dA2KkzULnRE-00135-00035703-00035887 actually not upload any text
+dA2KkzULnRE-00136-00035888-00036262 to canvas so
+dA2KkzULnRE-00137-00036263-00036623 don't forget to publish your report
+dA2KkzULnRE-00138-00036624-00036943 if you are uh if you haven't done that
+dA2KkzULnRE-00139-00036944-00037351 and no one will be able to read it on
+dA2KkzULnRE-00140-00037352-00037743 that that really is not what you aim to
+dA2KkzULnRE-00141-00037744-00037943 do
+dA2KkzULnRE-00142-00037944-00038159 you need to write it in english
+dA2KkzULnRE-00143-00038160-00038383 obviously and don't forget that the star
+dA2KkzULnRE-00144-00038384-00038599 means advanced level that is those of
+dA2KkzULnRE-00145-00038600-00038895 you that are aiming for a higher grade
+dA2KkzULnRE-00146-00038896-00039183 all tutorials with a high grade and c
+dA2KkzULnRE-00147-00039184-00039374 will be published on the course homepage
+dA2KkzULnRE-00148-00039375-00039487 as a good example
+dA2KkzULnRE-00149-00039488-00039862 so that's uh one thing that we are going
+dA2KkzULnRE-00150-00039863-00040023 to do is that we
+dA2KkzULnRE-00151-00040024-00040311 all projects that aim that go for high
+dA2KkzULnRE-00152-00040312-00040407 grade
+dA2KkzULnRE-00153-00040408-00040767 our aim is to have them published
+dA2KkzULnRE-00154-00040768-00041118 within the course as good examples
+dA2KkzULnRE-00155-00041119-00041551 uh so that is really a good thing um
+dA2KkzULnRE-00156-00041552-00041839 even if you it doesn't mean that you you
+dA2KkzULnRE-00157-00041840-00041943 don't
+dA2KkzULnRE-00158-00041944-00042151 if you don't aim for a higher grade you
+dA2KkzULnRE-00159-00042152-00042383 can still do all the stars
+dA2KkzULnRE-00160-00042384-00042599 it's not a problem and you can do even
+dA2KkzULnRE-00161-00042600-00043046 more this is what is required
+dA2KkzULnRE-00162-00043047-00043262 i've gotten some questions about using
+dA2KkzULnRE-00163-00043263-00043415 github
+dA2KkzULnRE-00164-00043416-00043687 and of course you might use github this
+dA2KkzULnRE-00165-00043688-00043839 is something that
+dA2KkzULnRE-00166-00043840-00044183 is not uh at all required in the course
+dA2KkzULnRE-00167-00044184-00044439 so the recommended alternative is to use
+dA2KkzULnRE-00168-00044440-00044639 hackmd it's easy it's
+dA2KkzULnRE-00169-00044640-00045127 fun and uh it's um really
+dA2KkzULnRE-00170-00045128-00045462 maybe the most straightforward way but
+dA2KkzULnRE-00171-00045463-00045743 you might if you want publish your
+dA2KkzULnRE-00172-00045744-00045999 project directly to github
+dA2KkzULnRE-00173-00046000-00046390 and in that case you create a repository
+dA2KkzULnRE-00174-00046391-00046615 make it public
+dA2KkzULnRE-00175-00046616-00046871 and when you initialize the repository
+dA2KkzULnRE-00176-00046872-00046967 you
+dA2KkzULnRE-00177-00046968-00047286 check the box with add readme file uh
+dA2KkzULnRE-00178-00047287-00047511 you might as well add a git ignore with
+dA2KkzULnRE-00179-00047512-00047718 python as that's the language we're
+dA2KkzULnRE-00180-00047719-00047815 using
+dA2KkzULnRE-00181-00047816-00048151 and the license choose an
+dA2KkzULnRE-00182-00048152-00048399 open license a patch license is is a
+dA2KkzULnRE-00183-00048400-00048574 pretty good one
+dA2KkzULnRE-00184-00048575-00048795 then you write your report in the
+dA2KkzULnRE-00185-00048796-00048911 readme.md
+dA2KkzULnRE-00186-00048912-00049255 file that means that when you go into
+dA2KkzULnRE-00187-00049256-00049407 your repository
+dA2KkzULnRE-00188-00049408-00049711 that is what is going to be shown right
+dA2KkzULnRE-00189-00049712-00049807 away
+dA2KkzULnRE-00190-00049808-00050111 and then you're going to show the link
+dA2KkzULnRE-00191-00050112-00050567 to your repository which is github.com
+dA2KkzULnRE-00192-00050568-00050958 your username slash your repository name
+dA2KkzULnRE-00193-00050959-00051319 and this is the awesome iot project so
+dA2KkzULnRE-00194-00051320-00051882 if you want please use github that's no
+dA2KkzULnRE-00195-00051883-00052007 problem
+dA2KkzULnRE-00196-00052008-00052287 and just to be very clear about that is
+dA2KkzULnRE-00197-00052288-00052591 that you're going to edit the readme
+dA2KkzULnRE-00198-00052591-00052903 file if you use github
+dA2KkzULnRE-00199-00052904-00053119 the recommended way if you haven't never
+dA2KkzULnRE-00200-00053120-00053223 used it before
+dA2KkzULnRE-00201-00053224-00053503 is to either you download the github
+dA2KkzULnRE-00202-00053504-00053575 desktop
+dA2KkzULnRE-00203-00053576-00053823 app and you set up your repository
+dA2KkzULnRE-00204-00053824-00053894 download it
+dA2KkzULnRE-00205-00053895-00054238 and then you use the app for
+dA2KkzULnRE-00206-00054239-00054463 for pushing the changes and committing
+dA2KkzULnRE-00207-00054464-00054566 the changes to
+dA2KkzULnRE-00208-00054567-00054782 to the repository but you don't have to
+dA2KkzULnRE-00209-00054783-00054911 do that
+dA2KkzULnRE-00210-00054912-00055335 it's totally possible to just go in
+dA2KkzULnRE-00211-00055336-00055647 you can see the readme file here and i
+dA2KkzULnRE-00212-00055648-00055711 can
+dA2KkzULnRE-00213-00055712-00056254 actually edit
+dA2KkzULnRE-00214-00056255-00056775 and directly commit changes
+dA2KkzULnRE-00215-00056776-00057030 into the project so it's no problem to
+dA2KkzULnRE-00216-00057032-00057079 write
+dA2KkzULnRE-00217-00057079-00057438 directly in in github using the web
+dA2KkzULnRE-00218-00057439-00057535 interface
+dA2KkzULnRE-00219-00057536-00057838 you can also upload whatever you want
+dA2KkzULnRE-00220-00057839-00058119 create new file upload files so you can
+dA2KkzULnRE-00221-00058120-00058150 do
+dA2KkzULnRE-00222-00058151-00058454 everything from the web page you don't
+dA2KkzULnRE-00223-00058455-00058542 need to learn
+dA2KkzULnRE-00224-00058544-00058999 git for doing the github way
+dA2KkzULnRE-00225-00059000-00059326 so that's uh how you publish your report
+dA2KkzULnRE-00226-00059327-00059711 either hackmd that's the
+dA2KkzULnRE-00227-00059712-00060054 most straightforward way and or you use
+dA2KkzULnRE-00228-00060055-00060223 github
+dA2KkzULnRE-00229-00060224-00060471 for you might some of you might have
+dA2KkzULnRE-00230-00060472-00060599 already found out but
+dA2KkzULnRE-00231-00060600-00060879 you can actually link hackmd and github
+dA2KkzULnRE-00232-00060879-00060926 so
+dA2KkzULnRE-00233-00060927-00061230 uh you can use hackmd for editing files
+dA2KkzULnRE-00234-00061232-00061382 on github
+dA2KkzULnRE-00235-00061383-00061687 but i'm sure you will figure that out if
+dA2KkzULnRE-00236-00061688-00062015 if you're interested in doing that
+dA2KkzULnRE-00237-00062016-00062399 so let's skip directly to some examples
+dA2KkzULnRE-00238-00062400-00062494 for inspiration
+dA2KkzULnRE-00239-00062495-00062854 so last year we had a list of projects
+dA2KkzULnRE-00240-00062855-00063063 that's the good examples project from
+dA2KkzULnRE-00241-00063064-00063350 last year and you can see that you have
+dA2KkzULnRE-00242-00063351-00063559 all these projects which you might
+dA2KkzULnRE-00243-00063560-00063791 already have seen
+dA2KkzULnRE-00244-00063791-00064199 just you can use as an inspiration
+dA2KkzULnRE-00245-00064200-00064566 and i've put in some other projects
+dA2KkzULnRE-00246-00064567-00064847 just for inspiration but i'm sure you
+dA2KkzULnRE-00247-00064848-00065023 already have an idea when you look at
+dA2KkzULnRE-00248-00065024-00065135 this
+dA2KkzULnRE-00249-00065136-00065454 so let's skip directly to the template
+dA2KkzULnRE-00250-00065455-00065711 so first please keep the total length of
+dA2KkzULnRE-00251-00065712-00066055 the tutorial below 25k characters
+dA2KkzULnRE-00252-00066056-00066431 so with that please don't extend it too
+dA2KkzULnRE-00253-00066432-00066503 much
+dA2KkzULnRE-00254-00066504-00066911 uh it it needs to be possible to to read
+dA2KkzULnRE-00255-00066912-00067238 this tutorial and even though you have
+dA2KkzULnRE-00256-00067239-00067447 a lot of peer reviews that might have a
+dA2KkzULnRE-00257-00067448-00067550 lot of time
+dA2KkzULnRE-00258-00067551-00067831 we teachers don't have infinite amounts
+dA2KkzULnRE-00259-00067832-00067919 of time
+dA2KkzULnRE-00260-00067920-00068231 and that means that we need to limit it
+dA2KkzULnRE-00261-00068232-00068582 at least 25k characters and that is a
+dA2KkzULnRE-00262-00068583-00068647 little bit
+dA2KkzULnRE-00263-00068648-00068959 more than last year as that was
+dA2KkzULnRE-00264-00068960-00069206 actually a bit hard to follow that
+dA2KkzULnRE-00265-00069207-00069479 doesn't mean you need to put in 25k
+dA2KkzULnRE-00266-00069480-00069999 but see that as the maximum
+dA2KkzULnRE-00267-00070000-00070271 and that is not including all your code
+dA2KkzULnRE-00268-00070272-00070438 you might have a lot of code in your
+dA2KkzULnRE-00269-00070439-00070631 project and obviously you will put that
+dA2KkzULnRE-00270-00070632-00070703 code in
+dA2KkzULnRE-00271-00070704-00071062 a repository somewhere on github
+dA2KkzULnRE-00272-00071063-00071367 and obviously a reference to it
+dA2KkzULnRE-00273-00071368-00071719 so tutorial on how to build a
+dA2KkzULnRE-00274-00071720-00071894 temperature and humidity sensor and now
+dA2KkzULnRE-00275-00071895-00071975 we're into the
+dA2KkzULnRE-00276-00071976-00072303 tutorial so in the first
+dA2KkzULnRE-00277-00072304-00072638 you have a title and then
+dA2KkzULnRE-00278-00072639-00072911 this is like the introduction part if
+dA2KkzULnRE-00279-00072912-00073150 you know how to write an academic paper
+dA2KkzULnRE-00280-00073151-00073375 this shouldn't be too hard
+dA2KkzULnRE-00281-00073376-00073559 you need to give a short and brief
+dA2KkzULnRE-00282-00073560-00073735 overview of what your
+dA2KkzULnRE-00283-00073736-00074071 project is about and you need to have a
+dA2KkzULnRE-00284-00074072-00074159 title
+dA2KkzULnRE-00285-00074160-00074431 you obviously need to explain who you
+dA2KkzULnRE-00286-00074432-00074479 are
+dA2KkzULnRE-00287-00074480-00074671 and your student credentials are
+dA2KkzULnRE-00288-00074672-00074911 important in this stage as we are going
+dA2KkzULnRE-00289-00074912-00075031 to grade you
+dA2KkzULnRE-00290-00075032-00075391 so we need to have that as well uh
+dA2KkzULnRE-00291-00075392-00075711 and a short overview and also
+dA2KkzULnRE-00292-00075712-00076031 include how much time it might take to
+dA2KkzULnRE-00293-00076032-00076062 do
+dA2KkzULnRE-00294-00076063-00076359 an approximation and that means that if
+dA2KkzULnRE-00295-00076360-00076438 you're going to
+dA2KkzULnRE-00296-00076439-00076775 follow this tutorial how much time do i
+dA2KkzULnRE-00297-00076776-00076967 need to follow your tutorial
+dA2KkzULnRE-00298-00076968-00077175 so see this as you're writing your
+dA2KkzULnRE-00299-00077176-00077279 project
+dA2KkzULnRE-00300-00077280-00077623 so someone else can make it
+dA2KkzULnRE-00301-00077624-00077831 that doesn't mean that you you might
+dA2KkzULnRE-00302-00077832-00078079 have spent a lot more time on this
+dA2KkzULnRE-00303-00078080-00078423 than following your tutorial
+dA2KkzULnRE-00304-00078424-00078711 so the objective describe why you have
+dA2KkzULnRE-00305-00078712-00078967 chosen to build this specific device
+dA2KkzULnRE-00306-00078968-00079206 and what purpose does it serve what do
+dA2KkzULnRE-00307-00079207-00079423 you want to do with the data and what
+dA2KkzULnRE-00308-00079424-00079831 new insights do you think it will give
+dA2KkzULnRE-00309-00079832-00080111 so and what needs to be done here is to
+dA2KkzULnRE-00310-00080112-00080367 well why you shows the project
+dA2KkzULnRE-00311-00080368-00080662 and with purpose and the insights you
+dA2KkzULnRE-00312-00080663-00080879 need to check all these boxes
+dA2KkzULnRE-00313-00080880-00081223 and this is not it's one
+dA2KkzULnRE-00314-00081224-00081526 sentence answers i'm after here i think
+dA2KkzULnRE-00315-00081527-00081567 this
+dA2KkzULnRE-00316-00081568-00081887 is really important that you actually
+dA2KkzULnRE-00317-00081888-00082231 give um give the reader and and me and
+dA2KkzULnRE-00318-00082232-00082535 us um
+dA2KkzULnRE-00319-00082536-00082838 sort of uh uh an understanding
+dA2KkzULnRE-00320-00082839-00083135 on on what you're trying to do and the
+dA2KkzULnRE-00321-00083136-00083303 answer might be everything
+dA2KkzULnRE-00322-00083304-00083535 for i'm learning and i want to have fun
+dA2KkzULnRE-00323-00083536-00083606 to oh
+dA2KkzULnRE-00324-00083607-00083982 i i want to well change the world and
+dA2KkzULnRE-00325-00083983-00084055 make the world
+dA2KkzULnRE-00326-00084056-00084399 a better place so everything in between
+dA2KkzULnRE-00327-00084400-00084662 those are fine but please do explain
+dA2KkzULnRE-00328-00084663-00084991 uh your objective and and your
+dA2KkzULnRE-00329-00084992-00085318 purpose with with your project
+dA2KkzULnRE-00330-00085319-00085582 these things are super interesting and
+dA2KkzULnRE-00331-00085583-00085926 it also
+dA2KkzULnRE-00332-00085927-00086238 gives an insight on on
+dA2KkzULnRE-00333-00086239-00086575 different things you can do in iit so
+dA2KkzULnRE-00334-00086576-00086847 material and this is the bill of
+dA2KkzULnRE-00335-00086848-00086918 material
+dA2KkzULnRE-00336-00086919-00087262 so if i'm going to replicate your
+dA2KkzULnRE-00337-00087263-00087318 project
+dA2KkzULnRE-00338-00087319-00087623 i do need to know what you have done
+dA2KkzULnRE-00339-00087624-00088126 in terms of material so please put
+dA2KkzULnRE-00340-00088127-00088455 a table all the sensor
+dA2KkzULnRE-00341-00088456-00088903 where you bought them specifications
+dA2KkzULnRE-00342-00088904-00089087 this is also a good place to have
+dA2KkzULnRE-00343-00089088-00089311 pictures
+dA2KkzULnRE-00344-00089312-00089687 so short specifications
+dA2KkzULnRE-00345-00089688-00089999 what are you using the material
+dA2KkzULnRE-00346-00090000-00090343 and you might as well put a coast on
+dA2KkzULnRE-00347-00090344-00090791 a price tag on on everything so
+dA2KkzULnRE-00348-00090792-00091103 it's easy to follow and i can
+dA2KkzULnRE-00349-00091104-00091599 easily also replicate the project
+dA2KkzULnRE-00350-00091600-00091959 if if you are aiming for a high grade
+dA2KkzULnRE-00351-00091960-00092271 uh i mean it's always good to explain a
+dA2KkzULnRE-00352-00092272-00092359 little bit about
+dA2KkzULnRE-00353-00092360-00092591 alternatives as well but what you need
+dA2KkzULnRE-00354-00092592-00092711 to do is
+dA2KkzULnRE-00355-00092712-00093191 at least fill these check boxes
+dA2KkzULnRE-00356-00093192-00093438 and i do know that it will be the same
+dA2KkzULnRE-00357-00093439-00093543 for many of us
+dA2KkzULnRE-00358-00093544-00093823 as we are all most of us are using the
+dA2KkzULnRE-00359-00093824-00094206 picom devices
+dA2KkzULnRE-00360-00094207-00094494 then your computer setup how is the
+dA2KkzULnRE-00361-00094495-00094606 device programmed
+dA2KkzULnRE-00362-00094607-00094918 which ide are you using and describe all
+dA2KkzULnRE-00363-00094919-00094999 the steps
+dA2KkzULnRE-00364-00095000-00095167 from flashing the firmware installing
+dA2KkzULnRE-00365-00095168-00095423 plugins in your favorite editor
+dA2KkzULnRE-00366-00095424-00095782 how flashing is done and well the aim
+dA2KkzULnRE-00367-00095783-00095823 here
+dA2KkzULnRE-00368-00095824-00096038 is that any beginner should be able to
+dA2KkzULnRE-00369-00096039-00096150 understand and
+dA2KkzULnRE-00370-00096151-00096415 follow and now you have a really an
+dA2KkzULnRE-00371-00096416-00096599 opportunity to
+dA2KkzULnRE-00372-00096600-00096974 well show which ide you are preferring
+dA2KkzULnRE-00373-00096975-00097318 uh is it atom or vs code um
+dA2KkzULnRE-00374-00097319-00097687 and well if you have strong opinions
+dA2KkzULnRE-00375-00097688-00097782 about this
+dA2KkzULnRE-00376-00097783-00098159 please please uh please share them
+dA2KkzULnRE-00377-00098160-00098455 share how how code is uploaded and
+dA2KkzULnRE-00378-00098456-00098526 please
+dA2KkzULnRE-00379-00098527-00098831 do this as a an exercise of
+dA2KkzULnRE-00380-00098832-00099150 explaining so you might have stumbled on
+dA2KkzULnRE-00381-00099151-00099535 several problems when you did this maybe
+dA2KkzULnRE-00382-00099536-00099871 it took a couple of tries before you
+dA2KkzULnRE-00383-00099872-00100111 figured out that okay i need to upload
+dA2KkzULnRE-00384-00100112-00100215 the project
+dA2KkzULnRE-00385-00100216-00100462 before it's actually run on the device
+dA2KkzULnRE-00386-00100463-00100526 and
+dA2KkzULnRE-00387-00100527-00100815 not just in the rebel in the terminal
+dA2KkzULnRE-00388-00100816-00100887 please
+dA2KkzULnRE-00389-00100888-00101215 explain all these things so
+dA2KkzULnRE-00390-00101216-00101462 whatever problems you have encountered
+dA2KkzULnRE-00391-00101463-00101599 that you
+dA2KkzULnRE-00392-00101600-00101911 explain to someone else that is
+dA2KkzULnRE-00393-00101912-00102318 shouldn't do the same problems
+dA2KkzULnRE-00394-00102319-00102647 so if you needed to do something extra
+dA2KkzULnRE-00395-00102648-00102934 on your computer installation on node.js
+dA2KkzULnRE-00396-00102935-00103239 extra drivers etc uh please
+dA2KkzULnRE-00397-00103240-00103415 explain all the steps and be very
+dA2KkzULnRE-00398-00103416-00103686 specific because someone else might have
+dA2KkzULnRE-00399-00103688-00103863 exactly the same
+dA2KkzULnRE-00400-00103864-00104175 obscure linux installation as
+dA2KkzULnRE-00401-00104176-00104382 you have so it might actually be really
+dA2KkzULnRE-00402-00104383-00104558 interesting for someone else
+dA2KkzULnRE-00403-00104559-00104806 so please be very specific on how you're
+dA2KkzULnRE-00404-00104807-00104886 done and
+dA2KkzULnRE-00405-00104888-00105199 what you did to solve the problem and
+dA2KkzULnRE-00406-00105200-00105431 then we have putting everything together
+dA2KkzULnRE-00407-00105432-00105695 so how are is all the electronics
+dA2KkzULnRE-00408-00105696-00105775 connected
+dA2KkzULnRE-00409-00105776-00106086 so describe the wiring and it's also
+dA2KkzULnRE-00410-00106088-00106334 nice if you can show a circuit diagram
+dA2KkzULnRE-00411-00106335-00106719 there are tools for this i know that
+dA2KkzULnRE-00412-00106720-00106878 many of you have already worked with
+dA2KkzULnRE-00413-00106879-00107095 fritzl and we have tinkercad and there
+dA2KkzULnRE-00414-00107096-00107166 are probably
+dA2KkzULnRE-00415-00107167-00107471 many more out there which i'm not aware
+dA2KkzULnRE-00416-00107472-00107543 of
+dA2KkzULnRE-00417-00107544-00107878 but and it's fine also to with pen and
+dA2KkzULnRE-00418-00107879-00107934 paper
+dA2KkzULnRE-00419-00107935-00108263 draw a circuit diagram uh
+dA2KkzULnRE-00420-00108264-00108623 use crayons or color pens
+dA2KkzULnRE-00421-00108624-00108943 take a picture and include that so and
+dA2KkzULnRE-00422-00108944-00108999 and
+dA2KkzULnRE-00423-00109000-00109295 sometimes that might even be a nicer way
+dA2KkzULnRE-00424-00109296-00109447 to show something because
+dA2KkzULnRE-00425-00109448-00109790 uh it it it doesn't maybe look that
+dA2KkzULnRE-00426-00109791-00110047 that frightening for people but you need
+dA2KkzULnRE-00427-00110048-00110151 to show
+dA2KkzULnRE-00428-00110152-00110423 how you can how you did connect
+dA2KkzULnRE-00429-00110424-00110551 everything
+dA2KkzULnRE-00430-00110552-00110854 so both the schematics
+dA2KkzULnRE-00431-00110855-00111239 and also pictures that that's
+dA2KkzULnRE-00432-00111240-00111510 a good place to put some picture so and
+dA2KkzULnRE-00433-00111511-00111615 be specific
+dA2KkzULnRE-00434-00111616-00111951 on how to connect everything uh and
+dA2KkzULnRE-00435-00111952-00112295 is there anything that you want to share
+dA2KkzULnRE-00436-00112296-00112334 about
+dA2KkzULnRE-00437-00112335-00112678 resistors current and voltage
+dA2KkzULnRE-00438-00112679-00113063 share it and share your experience
+dA2KkzULnRE-00439-00113064-00113295 and also is this only for a development
+dA2KkzULnRE-00440-00113296-00113502 setup or could this be used in
+dA2KkzULnRE-00441-00113503-00113695 production could it actually be used for
+dA2KkzULnRE-00442-00113696-00113775 something else
+dA2KkzULnRE-00443-00113776-00114151 just reflect on that in your text
+dA2KkzULnRE-00444-00114152-00114383 and i do guess that many of you are
+dA2KkzULnRE-00445-00114383-00114566 going to have something that is
+dA2KkzULnRE-00446-00114567-00114871 very much a development setup but i
+dA2KkzULnRE-00447-00114872-00115047 would like to
+dA2KkzULnRE-00448-00115048-00115375 for you to reflect on that and
+dA2KkzULnRE-00449-00115376-00115671 just have that in back of your mind and
+dA2KkzULnRE-00450-00115672-00115734 there is
+dA2KkzULnRE-00451-00115735-00116039 a star on electrical calculations and
+dA2KkzULnRE-00452-00116040-00116190 what i do mean with that
+dA2KkzULnRE-00453-00116191-00116431 is that if you are aiming for a higher
+dA2KkzULnRE-00454-00116432-00116654 grade i do want to see some electrical
+dA2KkzULnRE-00455-00116655-00116775 calculations
+dA2KkzULnRE-00456-00116776-00117190 that might be some kind of current and
+dA2KkzULnRE-00457-00117191-00117543 voltage some some kind of calculation on
+dA2KkzULnRE-00458-00117544-00117766 on the battery
+dA2KkzULnRE-00459-00117767-00118127 or the power consumption of the device
+dA2KkzULnRE-00460-00118128-00118286 you need to show some kind of
+dA2KkzULnRE-00461-00118288-00118431 calculations
+dA2KkzULnRE-00462-00118432-00118663 and those calculations can also be hand
+dA2KkzULnRE-00463-00118664-00118783 drawn
+dA2KkzULnRE-00464-00118783-00119102 that's fine but they need i need to
+dA2KkzULnRE-00465-00119103-00119286 you need to be able to understand them
+dA2KkzULnRE-00466-00119288-00119431 and they need to be
+dA2KkzULnRE-00467-00119432-00119751 make sense
+dA2KkzULnRE-00468-00119752-00120127 the platform and this could be
+dA2KkzULnRE-00469-00120128-00120431 the iot platform describe your choice of
+dA2KkzULnRE-00470-00120432-00120583 platform
+dA2KkzULnRE-00471-00120583-00120814 so if you have tried different which i
+dA2KkzULnRE-00472-00120815-00120983 guess many of you have
+dA2KkzULnRE-00473-00120983-00121351 uh provide a comparison and and
+dA2KkzULnRE-00474-00121352-00121590 also explain why you chose the platform
+dA2KkzULnRE-00475-00121591-00121710 you did
+dA2KkzULnRE-00476-00121711-00122190 so is your platform based or a cloud
+dA2KkzULnRE-00477-00122191-00122454 is it any paid subscription or is it
+dA2KkzULnRE-00478-00122455-00122566 free
+dA2KkzULnRE-00479-00122567-00122902 describe the different alternatives
+dA2KkzULnRE-00480-00122903-00123207 also if you want to scale your idea
+dA2KkzULnRE-00481-00123208-00123502 and and this is also one thing that i
+dA2KkzULnRE-00482-00123503-00123614 want you to
+dA2KkzULnRE-00483-00123615-00123863 think about and reflect when you're
+dA2KkzULnRE-00484-00123864-00124031 writing the platform
+dA2KkzULnRE-00485-00124032-00124463 um part if you are going to scale
+dA2KkzULnRE-00486-00124464-00124695 this that means that if you have one
+dA2KkzULnRE-00487-00124696-00124823 device now on
+dA2KkzULnRE-00488-00124824-00125095 on your desk and you think about
+dA2KkzULnRE-00489-00125096-00125199 platforms so
+dA2KkzULnRE-00490-00125200-00125543 not not manufacturing but let's say you
+dA2KkzULnRE-00491-00125544-00125751 only have the platform in mind
+dA2KkzULnRE-00492-00125752-00126102 if you want to put 1000 or maybe 10
+dA2KkzULnRE-00493-00126103-00126343 thousand the why not one million devices
+dA2KkzULnRE-00494-00126344-00126447 out there
+dA2KkzULnRE-00495-00126448-00126751 uh would this platform or this this
+dA2KkzULnRE-00496-00126752-00126958 choice would be would that be any
+dA2KkzULnRE-00497-00126959-00127343 different if if you were going to scale
+dA2KkzULnRE-00498-00127344-00127599 so um describe the platform in terms of
+dA2KkzULnRE-00499-00127600-00127878 functionality what kind of functionality
+dA2KkzULnRE-00500-00127879-00128286 do you have that is needed and if you
+dA2KkzULnRE-00501-00128288-00128502 aim for the higher grade here you need
+dA2KkzULnRE-00502-00128503-00128663 to explain and elaborate
+dA2KkzULnRE-00503-00128664-00128934 what made you to choose this platform
+dA2KkzULnRE-00504-00128935-00128975 and
+dA2KkzULnRE-00505-00128976-00129254 for the higher grade i do suggest that
+dA2KkzULnRE-00506-00129255-00129310 you
+dA2KkzULnRE-00507-00129311-00129607 also put in a comparison of some kind at
+dA2KkzULnRE-00508-00129608-00129807 least you need to have some
+dA2KkzULnRE-00509-00129808-00130166 motivation on why
+dA2KkzULnRE-00510-00130167-00130495 you chose this specific platform
+dA2KkzULnRE-00511-00130496-00130766 and what i do mean with platforms is it
+dA2KkzULnRE-00512-00130767-00130831 could be
+dA2KkzULnRE-00513-00130832-00131023 ubidots it could be data cake it could
+dA2KkzULnRE-00514-00131024-00131159 be pie bytes
+dA2KkzULnRE-00515-00131160-00131359 and it could be that you're running a
+dA2KkzULnRE-00516-00131360-00131559 tig stack on your
+dA2KkzULnRE-00517-00131560-00131871 on a raspberry pi or in a google cloud
+dA2KkzULnRE-00518-00131872-00132223 environment and 100
+dA2KkzULnRE-00519-00132224-00132487 other different alternatives but be very
+dA2KkzULnRE-00520-00132488-00132575 specific
+dA2KkzULnRE-00521-00132576-00132863 and think about explaining on on the
+dA2KkzULnRE-00522-00132864-00132975 functionality
+dA2KkzULnRE-00523-00132976-00133335 and and why and then we
+dA2KkzULnRE-00524-00133336-00133711 come to the code so and what i do
+dA2KkzULnRE-00525-00133712-00133983 want you to show here during the code
+dA2KkzULnRE-00526-00133984-00134078 section
+dA2KkzULnRE-00527-00134079-00134439 is that you should explain
+dA2KkzULnRE-00528-00134440-00134702 what you have done in terms of
+dA2KkzULnRE-00529-00134703-00134887 programming
+dA2KkzULnRE-00530-00134888-00135190 and don't put too much
+dA2KkzULnRE-00531-00135191-00135487 code here explain more the core
+dA2KkzULnRE-00532-00135488-00135631 functionalities
+dA2KkzULnRE-00533-00135632-00136087 and but i do think this is a really good
+dA2KkzULnRE-00534-00136088-00136495 area to put in some code snippets
+dA2KkzULnRE-00535-00136496-00136887 and if you look at the
+dA2KkzULnRE-00536-00136888-00137287 markdown text behind here
+dA2KkzULnRE-00537-00137288-00137623 you can see that
+dA2KkzULnRE-00538-00137624-00137990 if you write like this you get
+dA2KkzULnRE-00539-00137991-00138335 a code snippet formatted as python
+dA2KkzULnRE-00540-00138336-00138695 code and the magic
+dA2KkzULnRE-00541-00138696-00138927 is that you write python and then an
+dA2KkzULnRE-00542-00138928-00139207 equal sign
+dA2KkzULnRE-00543-00139208-00139511 and what is in between here is
+dA2KkzULnRE-00544-00139512-00139831 formatted as python code as you see
+dA2KkzULnRE-00545-00139832-00140151 like this so
+dA2KkzULnRE-00546-00140152-00140423 this section don't put everything here
+dA2KkzULnRE-00547-00140424-00140566 if your code is
+dA2KkzULnRE-00548-00140567-00140919 very reasonably small let's say that you
+dA2KkzULnRE-00549-00140920-00141231 have most of your functionalities
+dA2KkzULnRE-00550-00141232-00141478 somewhere else and the code on your
+dA2KkzULnRE-00551-00141479-00141551 device
+dA2KkzULnRE-00552-00141552-00141814 is reasonably small well you might as
+dA2KkzULnRE-00553-00141815-00142054 well put all your code in here
+dA2KkzULnRE-00554-00142055-00142423 uh it's not required have a repository
+dA2KkzULnRE-00555-00142424-00142735 repository somewhere else
+dA2KkzULnRE-00556-00142736-00143023 so we have seen many examples of of
+dA2KkzULnRE-00557-00143024-00143087 people
+dA2KkzULnRE-00558-00143088-00143375 that are not aiming for a higher grade
+dA2KkzULnRE-00559-00143376-00143519 that put in more or less
+dA2KkzULnRE-00560-00143520-00143863 all the code directly here in a code
+dA2KkzULnRE-00561-00143864-00143943 snippet
+dA2KkzULnRE-00562-00143944-00144263 that is fine not the problem
+dA2KkzULnRE-00563-00144264-00144599 but try to see if you have too much code
+dA2KkzULnRE-00564-00144600-00144831 and the one talking about like hundred
+dA2KkzULnRE-00565-00144832-00145023 of rows
+dA2KkzULnRE-00566-00145024-00145414 it will be uh pretty tedious to to read
+dA2KkzULnRE-00567-00145415-00145502 through this in
+dA2KkzULnRE-00568-00145503-00145839 in this format then see this
+dA2KkzULnRE-00569-00145840-00146287 as a way of maybe showing
+dA2KkzULnRE-00570-00146288-00146566 some specific parts of your code that
+dA2KkzULnRE-00571-00146567-00146807 needs to be explained
+dA2KkzULnRE-00572-00146808-00147047 have you done a specific function that
+dA2KkzULnRE-00573-00147048-00147159 calculates
+dA2KkzULnRE-00574-00147160-00147502 some kind of value from the sensor
+dA2KkzULnRE-00575-00147503-00147878 or have you done some clever function
+dA2KkzULnRE-00576-00147879-00147919 that
+dA2KkzULnRE-00577-00147920-00148254 sends data to both the
+dA2KkzULnRE-00578-00148255-00148471 cellular over the cellular network the
+dA2KkzULnRE-00579-00148472-00148647 wi-fi network and lora
+dA2KkzULnRE-00580-00148648-00148951 network with certain intervals
+dA2KkzULnRE-00581-00148952-00149223 or is there some kind of function that
+dA2KkzULnRE-00582-00149224-00149335 that
+dA2KkzULnRE-00583-00149336-00149687 does some logic on the device
+dA2KkzULnRE-00584-00149688-00150102 or have you tweaked some kind of of
+dA2KkzULnRE-00585-00150103-00150471 a basic example that has shown by the
+dA2KkzULnRE-00586-00150472-00150743 documentation and made it even better
+dA2KkzULnRE-00587-00150744-00150863 please
+dA2KkzULnRE-00588-00150864-00151271 show these examples
+dA2KkzULnRE-00589-00151272-00151575 no need of including
+dA2KkzULnRE-00590-00151576-00151823 full sets of libraries and those kind of
+dA2KkzULnRE-00591-00151824-00151902 codes
+dA2KkzULnRE-00592-00151903-00152199 but please do reference everything and
+dA2KkzULnRE-00593-00152200-00152383 when you're referencing
+dA2KkzULnRE-00594-00152384-00152663 just be very specific you don't have to
+dA2KkzULnRE-00595-00152664-00152839 follow a certain
+dA2KkzULnRE-00596-00152840-00153247 format like uh ieee or or
+dA2KkzULnRE-00597-00153248-00153583 harvard or something like that but i
+dA2KkzULnRE-00598-00153584-00153807 we need to understand where to find the
+dA2KkzULnRE-00599-00153808-00153951 reference so
+dA2KkzULnRE-00600-00153952-00154166 where to find the material and if you
+dA2KkzULnRE-00601-00154167-00154351 have a used code for
+dA2KkzULnRE-00602-00154352-00154702 from someone else that's totally okay
+dA2KkzULnRE-00603-00154703-00155014 but you need to reference and you need
+dA2KkzULnRE-00604-00155015-00155302 to credit the people that you have used
+dA2KkzULnRE-00605-00155303-00155375 code from
+dA2KkzULnRE-00606-00155376-00155766 that is very important
+dA2KkzULnRE-00607-00155767-00155935 and then we come to the section about
+dA2KkzULnRE-00608-00155936-00156183 transmitting the data and connectivity
+dA2KkzULnRE-00609-00156184-00156519 uh and you need to
+dA2KkzULnRE-00610-00156520-00156831 how often is the data sent which
+dA2KkzULnRE-00611-00156832-00157054 wireless protocols did you use the wi-fi
+dA2KkzULnRE-00612-00157055-00157214 laura etc
+dA2KkzULnRE-00613-00157215-00157471 which transport protocols were used so
+dA2KkzULnRE-00614-00157472-00157814 mqtt web hook etc
+dA2KkzULnRE-00615-00157815-00158151 if you're using already like a low code
+dA2KkzULnRE-00616-00158152-00158439 platform you might want to dig into it
+dA2KkzULnRE-00617-00158440-00158590 to the documentation
+dA2KkzULnRE-00618-00158591-00158951 if something is unclear well
+dA2KkzULnRE-00619-00158952-00159207 it's better just to ask and try to get
+dA2KkzULnRE-00620-00159208-00159311 an answer
+dA2KkzULnRE-00621-00159312-00159631 but just so that you are aware of what
+dA2KkzULnRE-00622-00159632-00159839 is happening behind the hood
+dA2KkzULnRE-00623-00159840-00159999 if you're setting up these things
+dA2KkzULnRE-00624-00160000-00160190 yourself well it
+dA2KkzULnRE-00625-00160191-00160423 should be a no-brainer to explain uh
+dA2KkzULnRE-00626-00160424-00160495 what you've
+dA2KkzULnRE-00627-00160496-00160823 done so
+dA2KkzULnRE-00628-00160824-00160983 all the different steps that are needed
+dA2KkzULnRE-00629-00160984-00161287 in getting the data to your end point
+dA2KkzULnRE-00630-00161288-00161735 so this is an important
+dA2KkzULnRE-00631-00161736-00162078 part of of of
+dA2KkzULnRE-00632-00162079-00162278 if you're got to get want on higher
+dA2KkzULnRE-00633-00162279-00162471 grade is that you really need to
+dA2KkzULnRE-00634-00162472-00162614 elaborate on the design
+dA2KkzULnRE-00635-00162615-00163014 choices and what i do need
+dA2KkzULnRE-00636-00163015-00163463 what i do mean with with that is that
+dA2KkzULnRE-00637-00163464-00163790 you should be able to explain
+dA2KkzULnRE-00638-00163791-00164111 why you have chosen
+dA2KkzULnRE-00639-00164112-00164463 what you chose so and also if you would
+dA2KkzULnRE-00640-00164464-00164607 have chosen
+dA2KkzULnRE-00641-00164608-00164911 for instance nb iot or
+dA2KkzULnRE-00642-00164912-00165238 lorawan or sigfox or wi-fi instead of
+dA2KkzULnRE-00643-00165239-00165447 something else
+dA2KkzULnRE-00644-00165448-00165687 how does this affect the range and the
+dA2KkzULnRE-00645-00165688-00165975 battery consumption
+dA2KkzULnRE-00646-00165976-00166295 i do think that you might already have
+dA2KkzULnRE-00647-00166296-00166495 the answers for this when you're at this
+dA2KkzULnRE-00648-00166496-00166638 point
+dA2KkzULnRE-00649-00166639-00166959 but you need to elaborate on this if you
+dA2KkzULnRE-00650-00166960-00167007 want
+dA2KkzULnRE-00651-00167008-00167414 a higher grade and then we get to the
+dA2KkzULnRE-00652-00167415-00167487 very
+dA2KkzULnRE-00653-00167488-00167838 visual part of presenting the data
+dA2KkzULnRE-00654-00167839-00168111 so this is the presentation part have
+dA2KkzULnRE-00655-00168112-00168263 you built the dashboard
+dA2KkzULnRE-00656-00168264-00168543 so and the dashboard is where you show
+dA2KkzULnRE-00657-00168544-00168583 your
+dA2KkzULnRE-00658-00168584-00168926 data it can be in many ways
+dA2KkzULnRE-00659-00168927-00169190 i know that many people are using the pi
+dA2KkzULnRE-00660-00169191-00169399 bytes dashboard
+dA2KkzULnRE-00661-00169400-00169695 that's okay but if you do aim for a high
+dA2KkzULnRE-00662-00169696-00169887 grade you might want to use something
+dA2KkzULnRE-00663-00169888-00170335 else so
+dA2KkzULnRE-00664-00170336-00170519 provide some visual examples on how the
+dA2KkzULnRE-00665-00170520-00170654 dashboard looks
+dA2KkzULnRE-00666-00170655-00170951 pictures needed so this is important
+dA2KkzULnRE-00667-00170952-00171038 this should be
+dA2KkzULnRE-00668-00171039-00171359 a place where you put in some pictures
+dA2KkzULnRE-00669-00171360-00171678 on how it looks when your data shows up
+dA2KkzULnRE-00670-00171679-00171799 online
+dA2KkzULnRE-00671-00171800-00172159 or on a local server how often the data
+dA2KkzULnRE-00672-00172160-00172343 is saved in the database
+dA2KkzULnRE-00673-00172344-00172654 and will explain your choice of database
+dA2KkzULnRE-00674-00172655-00172687 and
+dA2KkzULnRE-00675-00172688-00172990 obviously this is a star on that
+dA2KkzULnRE-00676-00172991-00173359 and this might be a very hard questions
+dA2KkzULnRE-00677-00173360-00173726 because it is a hard thing to
+dA2KkzULnRE-00678-00173727-00174102 really give a good good reasoning on
+dA2KkzULnRE-00679-00174103-00174231 exactly those
+dA2KkzULnRE-00680-00174232-00174431 choices there are so many ways of
+dA2KkzULnRE-00681-00174432-00174654 storing data in a database and there are
+dA2KkzULnRE-00682-00174655-00174847 so many databases
+dA2KkzULnRE-00683-00174848-00175166 but please try to be very specific and
+dA2KkzULnRE-00684-00175167-00175559 show what you've done and why you did it
+dA2KkzULnRE-00685-00175560-00175854 and it could be that the integration was
+dA2KkzULnRE-00686-00175855-00175951 pretty good with
+dA2KkzULnRE-00687-00175952-00176271 that and that and well it had a time
+dA2KkzULnRE-00688-00176272-00176383 series
+dA2KkzULnRE-00689-00176384-00176726 functionality and etc etc but you need
+dA2KkzULnRE-00690-00176727-00176935 to at least elaborate a little bit on
+dA2KkzULnRE-00691-00176936-00177038 the database
+dA2KkzULnRE-00692-00177039-00177495 part if you have chosen a low code iot
+dA2KkzULnRE-00693-00177496-00177599 platform
+dA2KkzULnRE-00694-00177600-00177847 you might be able to get all this
+dA2KkzULnRE-00695-00177848-00177951 information
+dA2KkzULnRE-00696-00177952-00178214 just by reading up on the documentation
+dA2KkzULnRE-00697-00178215-00178463 if not just ask a question
+dA2KkzULnRE-00698-00178464-00178719 and be aware that you need to at least
+dA2KkzULnRE-00699-00178720-00178943 explain a little bit about what you've
+dA2KkzULnRE-00700-00178944-00179326 you've done because saving data is
+dA2KkzULnRE-00701-00179327-00179631 something that is really a core of
+dA2KkzULnRE-00702-00179632-00179959 of iot and
+dA2KkzULnRE-00703-00179960-00180223 automation triggers of the data do you
+dA2KkzULnRE-00704-00180224-00180414 have an automation or triggers
+dA2KkzULnRE-00705-00180415-00180719 that are happening please explain those
+dA2KkzULnRE-00706-00180720-00180814 as well
+dA2KkzULnRE-00707-00180815-00181047 and uh if you're doing aiming for a
+dA2KkzULnRE-00708-00181048-00181199 higher grade
+dA2KkzULnRE-00709-00181200-00181607 you sort of are almost required to at
+dA2KkzULnRE-00710-00181608-00181687 least have
+dA2KkzULnRE-00711-00181688-00182031 added some kind of complexity uh during
+dA2KkzULnRE-00712-00182032-00182335 the path of the data so please dig into
+dA2KkzULnRE-00713-00182336-00182551 that as well
+dA2KkzULnRE-00714-00182552-00182759 and then finalizing the design and this
+dA2KkzULnRE-00715-00182760-00182871 is really the
+dA2KkzULnRE-00716-00182872-00183135 conclusion like the results of the
+dA2KkzULnRE-00717-00183136-00183231 project
+dA2KkzULnRE-00718-00183232-00183511 so this could be could be a video
+dA2KkzULnRE-00719-00183512-00183702 presentation that you embed
+dA2KkzULnRE-00720-00183703-00184078 a youtube video or obviously
+dA2KkzULnRE-00721-00184079-00184278 this is where you put in a couple of
+dA2KkzULnRE-00722-00184279-00184383 pictures
+dA2KkzULnRE-00723-00184384-00184663 and give your final thoughts on how the
+dA2KkzULnRE-00724-00184664-00184823 project went
+dA2KkzULnRE-00725-00184824-00185087 and also time to reflect what could have
+dA2KkzULnRE-00726-00185088-00185375 been done in another way or even better
+dA2KkzULnRE-00727-00185376-00185702 so please include pictures here and this
+dA2KkzULnRE-00728-00185703-00185990 is where you showcase the final design
+dA2KkzULnRE-00729-00185991-00186126 and the final
+dA2KkzULnRE-00730-00186127-00186447 results of your project
+dA2KkzULnRE-00731-00186448-00186735 and please don't forget that we are
+dA2KkzULnRE-00732-00186736-00186863 doing this for
+dA2KkzULnRE-00733-00186864-00187159 fun and learning so this is also a good
+dA2KkzULnRE-00734-00187160-00187423 opportunity to be a little bit
+dA2KkzULnRE-00735-00187424-00187687 well try to think a little bit outside
+dA2KkzULnRE-00736-00187688-00187999 the box and try to have fun
+dA2KkzULnRE-00737-00188000-00188238 but obviously the final results of the
+dA2KkzULnRE-00738-00188239-00188407 project and pictures
+dA2KkzULnRE-00739-00188408-00188678 that's a good thing to have included
+dA2KkzULnRE-00740-00188679-00188783 here
+dA2KkzULnRE-00741-00188784-00189023 i hope this video made it a little bit
+dA2KkzULnRE-00742-00189024-00189126 more clear on
+dA2KkzULnRE-00743-00189127-00189535 how the project iot tutorial
+dA2KkzULnRE-00744-00189536-00190144 is going to be done
+dA_Vl4HZt1u-00000-00000405-00001781 [Music]
+dA_Vl4HZt1u-00001-00001782-00002242 so good morning all of you today we are
+dA_Vl4HZt1u-00002-00002243-00002587 going to discuss the first C remember we
+dA_Vl4HZt1u-00003-00002588-00002901 were talking about the seven C's for
+dA_Vl4HZt1u-00004-00002902-00003106 innovation I'm calling it chuckles seven
+dA_Vl4HZt1u-00005-00003107-00003229 C's for innovation
+dA_Vl4HZt1u-00006-00003229-00003538 so the first C is the cause causes to
+dA_Vl4HZt1u-00007-00003539-00003847 identify an unmet need to find out where
+dA_Vl4HZt1u-00008-00003847-00004125 there's a problem and also go deep and
+dA_Vl4HZt1u-00009-00004126-00004389 check what the various issues are of
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+dBv83sb_t2o-00157-00050479-00050876 organizations global wind energy council
+dBv83sb_t2o-00158-00050877-00051254 list of onshore wind farms list of
+dBv83sb_t2o-00159-00051255-00051570 offshore wind farms
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00000-00000198-00002863 [Music]
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00001-00002864-00003071 right so i'm going to introduce our
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00002-00003072-00003447 speakers for this event um first of all
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00003-00003447-00003567 we have
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00004-00003568-00003838 chairing the event and she stepped in
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00005-00003839-00004054 a rather late notice which i'm so
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00006-00004055-00004286 pleased that izzy was able to do this is
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00007-00004287-00004502 izzy lawrence she's a history presenter
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00008-00004503-00004879 for netflix radio 4 uk tv yesterday she
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00009-00004880-00005038 hosts a number of factual podcasts for
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00010-00005039-00005311 the british museum bbc sounds and her
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00011-00005312-00005486 own popular science podcast about
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00012-00005487-00005727 dinosaurs called terrible lizards she's
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00013-00005728-00005886 the author of historical fiction for
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00014-00005887-00006206 children with books um covering judith
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00015-00006207-00006527 oh my gosh i'm not gonna jujitsu um
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00016-00006528-00006863 suffragettes female spitfire pilots and
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00017-00006864-00007046 the true lives of pirates and the
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00018-00007047-00007278 transatlantic slave trade and in the
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00019-00007279-00007591 upcoming novel blackbeard's treasure due
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00020-00007592-00007814 to be published by bloomsbury education
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00021-00007815-00007967 this autumn
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00022-00007968-00008103 i was about to read out your number but
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00023-00008104-00008399 i won't do that and
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00024-00008400-00008774 and joining izzy is dr emma wells and
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00025-00008775-00008974 emma is an award-winning historian
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00026-00008975-00009214 author and broadcaster she's lecturer in
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00027-00009215-00009446 ecclesiastical and architectural history
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00028-00009447-00009623 at the university of york a regular
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00029-00009624-00009839 contributor to television and radio and
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00030-00009840-00010046 writes for publications including bbc
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00031-00010047-00010383 country file tls bbc history and history
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00032-00010384-00010614 today and she's the author of heaven on
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00033-00010615-00010814 earth the lives and legacies of the
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00034-00010815-00011087 world's greatest cathedrals which is out
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00035-00011088-00011342 on the 7th of july so please check that
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00036-00011343-00011438 out in july
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00037-00011439-00011655 and also pilgrim roots of the british
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00038-00011656-00011910 isles and finally last but not least is
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00039-00011911-00012151 a hysterest regular who's usually here
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00040-00012152-00012359 um rather than there and it's shafi
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00041-00012360-00012567 masadeek who is a freelance journalist
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00042-00012568-00012791 covering politics and culture with a
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00043-00012792-00012983 focus on faith frontier
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00044-00012984-00013207 communities and minority communities in
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00045-00013208-00013479 britain shafi is reported for a range of
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00046-00013480-00013655 publications in the uk and europe
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00047-00013656-00013975 including the bbc nbc and the economists
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00048-00013976-00014175 his interests include islamic influences
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00049-00014176-00014383 in europe and shared interfaith
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00050-00014384-00014527 connections
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00051-00014528-00014743 over to you guys
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00052-00014744-00014838 seeing and
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00053-00014840-00015007 well done to rebecca as well for
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00054-00015008-00015215 organizing everything and doing amazing
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00055-00015216-00015399 absolutely fantastic it is the last
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00056-00015400-00015686 event what better subject than hell it's
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00057-00015687-00015863 where most of us will be ending up i'm
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00058-00015863-00016022 sure
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00059-00016023-00016238 well i thought i literally got dropped
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00060-00016240-00016391 into this at the last minute so i'm
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00061-00016392-00016558 absolutely fascinated by the subject
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00062-00016559-00016767 i've done a bit of you know research and
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00063-00016768-00016958 over the weekend just rereading all of
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00064-00016959-00017103 the old books that were on my shelves
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00065-00017104-00017303 but what i thought would be the most
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00066-00017304-00017607 open question i think we can start with
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00067-00017608-00017694 is
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00068-00017695-00017999 what purpose does hell serve for
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00069-00018000-00018143 religion in general because they're it's
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00070-00018144-00018319 across several you know different
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00071-00018320-00018543 religions not just the abrahamic ones so
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00072-00018544-00018799 emma why don't you go first well very
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00073-00018800-00019175 simply hell is hell because god is god
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00074-00019176-00019463 easy we can go home there we go the end
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00075-00019464-00019655 no we have a hell because we also have
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00076-00019656-00019927 we need to show the holiness of god
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00077-00019928-00019999 so
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00078-00020000-00020150 it's a very interest of course it's a
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00079-00020151-00020391 very interesting concept but it seems to
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00080-00020392-00020639 stem from the idea that
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00081-00020640-00021014 not that we will go to some far-off or
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00082-00021015-00021294 underground place but that our actions
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00083-00021295-00021622 our deeds our behavior will lead to
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00084-00021623-00021911 ultimately going somewhere and this
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00085-00021912-00022135 stems from the idea the sort of immortal
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00086-00022136-00022271 eternal soul when it comes to
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00087-00022272-00022463 christianity at least and therefore it's
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00088-00022464-00022686 a natural end there has to be some sort
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00089-00022687-00022878 of fitting end and that's why we have
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00090-00022879-00023143 hell we have to be in god's light if
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00091-00023144-00023342 we're not we're in the darkness
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00092-00023343-00023614 okay what do you say what's your
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00093-00023615-00023719 theories
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00094-00023720-00023935 islam is sort of like
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00095-00023936-00024230 an updated version of emma's hell isn't
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00096-00024231-00024535 it 3.0 it's like iphone 10 to iphone 9.
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00097-00024536-00024847 [Laughter]
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00098-00024848-00025078 so there's so many crossovers um as
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00099-00025079-00025358 there is in all abrahamic faiths um with
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00100-00025359-00025622 islam what's interesting is uh in the
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00101-00025623-00025887 quran itself there's there's mentions of
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00102-00025888-00026087 hell but it's not very descriptive so
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00103-00026088-00026223 the purpose
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00104-00026224-00026414 isn't necessarily laid out but we know
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00105-00026416-00026683 its purpose because whenever hell is
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00106-00026683-00026879 mentioned as soon as it's mentioned
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00107-00026880-00027039 paradise is mentioned
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00108-00027039-00027295 so there's like there's hell but you
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00109-00027295-00027527 know what that's heaven so it's gonna be
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00110-00027527-00027646 your right
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00111-00027647-00027902 so we're not all damned it's fine
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00112-00027904-00028095 but just remember
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00113-00028095-00028246 there's there there's something out
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00114-00028247-00028487 there that you might fall into so it's
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00115-00028488-00028807 almost like a symmetrical balance
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00116-00028808-00029046 both and that is a sign of god's
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00117-00029047-00029174 infinite
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00118-00029175-00029511 mercy yeah um as same in christianity
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00119-00029512-00029655 but also
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00120-00029656-00029743 um
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00121-00029744-00030070 the scope of human emotions as well uh
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00122-00030072-00030183 because
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00123-00030183-00030462 as much as this is godly if they it
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00124-00030463-00030767 evokes very human emotions hell so
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00125-00030768-00031135 um fear fear yeah yeah and you know
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00126-00031136-00031311 we're talking about you know seventh
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00127-00031312-00031583 century arabia you've got you know even
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00128-00031583-00031846 further back in the middle east people
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00129-00031847-00032151 the access to education isn't there so
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00130-00032152-00032327 how do you get
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00131-00032327-00032462 how do you get essentially what we're
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00132-00032463-00032670 doing lectures but
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00133-00032672-00032959 you know in a way that's for the masses
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00134-00032960-00033135 and this is it so
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00135-00033136-00033223 so
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00136-00033224-00033479 is the necessary part of hell that not
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00137-00033480-00033615 everybody can go to heaven otherwise
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00138-00033616-00033871 what's the point of having a a virtuous
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00139-00033872-00034071 life an existence this is where it gets
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00140-00034072-00034262 interesting because for christianity at
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00141-00034263-00034359 least
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00142-00034360-00034527 uh there is a debate
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00143-00034528-00034679 over whether
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00144-00034680-00034895 there is a predestined plan and this is
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00145-00034896-00035127 god's predestined plan that you will go
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00146-00035128-00035462 to not you personally but
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00147-00035463-00035607 there's you again
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00148-00035608-00035855 um it might be predestined but then it
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00149-00035856-00036151 becomes a problem because then we get to
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00150-00036152-00036351 the last judgment we have you know the
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00151-00036352-00036630 book of revelation et cetera we have the
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00152-00036631-00036799 last judgment the day of judgment where
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00153-00036800-00037015 our souls and the sins that we have
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00154-00037016-00037174 committed during our lifetime are
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00155-00037175-00037367 weighed do you go to the good space do
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00156-00037368-00037574 you go into the bad place
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00157-00037575-00037815 but if it's already predetermined
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00158-00037816-00038015 does it matter what actions we have
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00159-00038016-00038351 undertaken during our earthly lifetime
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00160-00038352-00038583 so is during the last judgment you have
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00161-00038584-00038767 christ there and you have saint michael
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00162-00038768-00038983 weighing the souls and christ is there
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00163-00038984-00039230 but is he just the intercessor of god's
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00164-00039231-00039479 predetermined plan sounds very ancient
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00165-00039480-00039662 egyptian that that sounds yeah the
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00166-00039663-00039830 weighing of the hearts yeah that's where
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00167-00039831-00039999 it stems from crocodile eating your
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00168-00040000-00040167 heart if it's weighs more than a feather
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00169-00040168-00040462 which i think is deeply unfair
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00170-00040463-00040727 how big is that feather
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00171-00040728-00040918 but that that's so
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00172-00040919-00041199 so hell is there basically in order to
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00173-00041200-00041430 sort of do the full stop to your
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00174-00041431-00041630 existence this is final judgment boom
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00175-00041631-00041879 there you go end of the book the end but
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00176-00041880-00042071 it's it is a forever
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00177-00042072-00042358 infinite thing yes and now yes and no
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00178-00042359-00042574 that's good the problem the problem with
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00179-00042575-00042799 all this is there isn't really
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00180-00042800-00043062 a concept as in play we're talking about
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00181-00043063-00043271 hell as a place we think of this
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00182-00043272-00043487 fiery underground pit this you know
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00183-00043488-00043623 fiery torment where there's a devil
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00184-00043624-00043823 eating our souls you know munching on
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00185-00043824-00044127 our heads our souls i've heads i presume
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00186-00044128-00044390 that doesn't really exist
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00187-00044391-00044590 in the old testament and you will have
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00188-00044591-00044846 crossover here we tend to get sheol
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00189-00044847-00045111 which is uh you know the sort of
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00190-00045112-00045374 afterworld under underworld i've heard
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00191-00045375-00045543 the translations that they translate as
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00192-00045544-00045767 literally a graveyard it's like a tomb
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00193-00045768-00045974 sort of yeah yeah and from that you get
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00194-00045975-00046215 the obviously the ancient greece greeks
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00195-00046216-00046390 and the concept of hades which is
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00196-00046391-00046662 similar it's it's a place for
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00197-00046663-00046951 earthly um souls to linger about it's
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00198-00046952-00047215 not until the new testament that you get
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00199-00047216-00047335 gerhana
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00200-00047336-00047558 and that is an actual place where it was
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00201-00047559-00047711 an actual place on the outskirts of
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00202-00047712-00047974 jerusalem it was seen as a essentially a
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00203-00047975-00048183 rubbish dump that was supposedly
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00204-00048184-00048446 eternally on fire and therefore that
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00205-00048447-00048639 became what we would associate with this
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00206-00048640-00048807 sort of burning
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00207-00048808-00049086 um this burning world and the sort of
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00208-00049087-00049358 metaphor for purification so it's not
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00209-00049359-00049502 really until
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00210-00049503-00049711 arguably the new testament that we get
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00211-00049712-00049999 this fiery burning underworld and that's
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00212-00050000-00050223 literally based on a rubbish dump
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00213-00050224-00050407 yeah so so hell is a rubbish dump
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00214-00050408-00050551 outside jerusalem you heard it here
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00215-00050552-00050767 first
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00216-00050768-00050967 i wouldn't have found that about but
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00217-00050968-00051095 that brings all sort of health and
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00218-00051096-00051207 safety codes
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00219-00051208-00051414 yeah oh gosh but it's interesting
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00220-00051415-00051566 because that explains it is a very
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00221-00051567-00051702 unpleasant place and if you're trying to
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00222-00051703-00051950 say because predominant would talk about
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00223-00051951-00052135 jesus new testament and he's preaching
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00224-00052136-00052390 about you know the but he doesn't speak
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00225-00052391-00052607 about heaven so much as um the kingdom
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00226-00052608-00052815 of god and it's coming yeah and the
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00227-00052816-00053071 kingdom of god he might have thought was
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00228-00053072-00053294 an actual place which would come after
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00229-00053295-00053463 the apocalypse which he also saw is in
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00230-00053464-00053703 his lifetime yeah i mean we we have this
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00231-00053704-00053919 in the book of daniel but i mean this is
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00232-00053920-00054063 the problem because he
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00233-00054064-00054247 jesus talks about hell more than he
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00234-00054248-00054430 talks about heaven
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00235-00054432-00054687 and you know this idea of
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00236-00054688-00054966 a place it being a place well where does
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00237-00054967-00055223 jesus go when he descends from the cross
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00238-00055224-00055375 he goes to
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00239-00055376-00055582 you know the the realm of the dead this
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00240-00055583-00055775 is it's known as the harrowing of hell
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00241-00055776-00056015 so if there isn't a concept of an actual
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00242-00056016-00056391 space which is hell where did jesus go
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00243-00056391-00056575 where did jesus go that's great still
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00244-00056576-00056782 look at the answer what about in islam
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00245-00056783-00056999 is there an actual place where hell is
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00246-00057000-00057350 located it there is interestingly so uh
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00247-00057351-00057575 the word in arabic is jahannam and it's
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00248-00057576-00057838 related to the hebrew um
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00249-00057839-00057999 the islamic progression is really
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00250-00058000-00058135 interesting because it picks up the
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00251-00058136-00058279 jewish
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00252-00058279-00058494 location of jerusalem
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00253-00058495-00058726 right at the beginning and as
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00254-00058727-00059030 the as this kind of scholarship uh
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00255-00059032-00059303 evolves into kind of the fifth by the
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00256-00059304-00059535 time you get to the 16th century
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00257-00059536-00059654 hell is
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00258-00059655-00059871 an extraterrestrial place
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00259-00059872-00060119 um so there is a progression from it
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00260-00060120-00060350 being on the earth and some scholars say
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00261-00060351-00060575 it's not just in jerusalem there's a
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00262-00060576-00060926 sulphuric kind of acidic well in yemen
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00263-00060927-00061079 apparently
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00264-00061079-00061311 you should go find it there's a place in
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00265-00061312-00061487 afghanistan a gorge that was also
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00266-00061488-00061703 located as the gateway to hell
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00267-00061704-00062047 um interesting places to to call hell no
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00268-00062048-00062166 place in england
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00269-00062167-00062303 a place in england i don't know i'd
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00270-00062304-00062550 believe that the hellfire caves okay
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00271-00062551-00062694 where are the hellfire
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00272-00062695-00062823 people will know this where the hell
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00273-00062824-00063038 fights
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00274-00063039-00063247 hi wickham there we go hi welcome okay
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00275-00063248-00063415 we just have to go to high wycombe yeah
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00276-00063416-00063775 get the gun trained on the m40
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00277-00063776-00063926 you take a day trip
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00278-00063927-00064191 well that's so how are these places
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00279-00064191-00064382 depicted though because by the time
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00280-00064383-00064559 obviously when christianity starts they
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00281-00064560-00064647 have
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00282-00064648-00064887 a we have a actual location outside of
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00283-00064888-00065063 jerusalem and also when islam stops we
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00284-00065064-00065230 have an actual okay how are these
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00285-00065232-00065423 depicted through ark because this is
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00286-00065424-00065663 your thing emma this is i don't know
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00287-00065664-00065855 we've got a clicker and oh goodness
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00288-00065856-00066182 that's a very sexy satan
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00289-00066183-00066543 that's why rebecca chose
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00290-00066544-00066694 but there we go yes
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00291-00066695-00066871 there's there's so no guarantee he will
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00292-00066872-00067015 look like this if you look at dante
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00293-00067016-00067175 satan a bit more bone crunchy three
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00294-00067176-00067382 faces not as good um but that's a very
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00295-00067383-00067550 good one so we should really use the
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00296-00067551-00067791 clicker i imagine and try and find some
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00297-00067792-00068047 pictures here oh look look there we go
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00298-00068048-00068206 with some persian hell do you want to go
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00299-00068207-00068359 to do you want to go to persian hell
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00300-00068360-00068503 this is yeah go to project because this
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00301-00068504-00068750 is awesome okay so this is a picture of
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00302-00068751-00068943 uh the prophet muhammad's night journey
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00303-00068944-00069182 and this is where actually the
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00304-00069183-00069367 the islamic descriptions of hell come
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00305-00069368-00069638 from um so the prophet muhammad is in
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00306-00069639-00069855 the middle you can't see his face that's
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00307-00069856-00070006 the orthodox
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00308-00070007-00070311 uh kind of version of muhammad um
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00309-00070312-00070463 out of respect
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00310-00070464-00070655 he's the green fire muhammad
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00311-00070656-00070926 um and then behind him are all the
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00312-00070927-00071255 biblical prophets abraham jesus arrow
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00313-00071256-00071462 and et cetera they're all behind him but
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00314-00071463-00071647 what's interesting you can see in the
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00315-00071648-00071894 corner that's not the devil that's
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00316-00071895-00072015 dragons
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00317-00072016-00072206 no way in the quran there are dragons
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00318-00072207-00072535 involved at all um nor in the prophetic
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00319-00072536-00072719 traditions the sayings of the prophet
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00320-00072720-00072838 muhammad they're not there either
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00321-00072839-00073055 there's no embellishment of hell but
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00322-00073056-00073343 this is in the 16th century so what
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00323-00073344-00073655 we're seeing here are ideas taken from
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00324-00073656-00073838 china via persia
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00325-00073839-00074015 about you know
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00326-00074016-00074247 mythological creatures really
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00327-00074248-00074550 this text is a is not religious
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00328-00074551-00074926 this is a secular political text and
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00329-00074927-00075111 uh this is actually
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00330-00075112-00075223 created
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00331-00075224-00075479 within the ottoman empire
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00332-00075480-00075750 um essentially it's a polemic it's
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00333-00075751-00076031 propaganda against the safavid dynasty
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00334-00076032-00076247 essentially what it is it's similar
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00335-00076248-00076359 things happening in europe between
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00336-00076360-00076526 catholics and protestants
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00337-00076527-00076655 and they're saying
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00338-00076656-00076943 the safavids are basically the dragons
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00339-00076944-00077038 um
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00340-00077039-00077375 so this the images in islam aren't there
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00341-00077376-00077615 aren't many uh compared to emerge and
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00342-00077616-00077831 will have loads of images very similar
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00343-00077832-00077935 to this
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00344-00077936-00078055 and that's where the crossover has
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00345-00078056-00078159 happened
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00346-00078160-00078350 um i think we have another image the
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00347-00078351-00078543 second one possibly
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00348-00078544-00078655 so this is
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00349-00078656-00078838 the devil appears finally
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00350-00078839-00079031 uh with the horns
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00351-00079032-00079247 but this is late this is in the 16th
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00352-00079248-00079431 century now and this is the first time
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00353-00079432-00079694 it appears in any sort of islamic
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00354-00079695-00079799 text
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00355-00079800-00079887 um
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00356-00079888-00080215 so it's quite late on and this is a sign
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00357-00080216-00080526 actually again ottoman empire 16th
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00358-00080527-00080647 century
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00359-00080648-00080975 this is more of a sign of the interfaith
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00360-00080976-00081262 communities in the ottoman empire it's
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00361-00081263-00081543 large christian populations
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00362-00081544-00081750 more or less this type of devil would
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00363-00081751-00081959 have come from those christian texts not
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00364-00081960-00082262 islamic texts so again this represents
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00365-00082263-00082343 more
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00366-00082344-00082511 what's happening on earth you know the
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00367-00082512-00082735 mixing of people rather than any
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00368-00082736-00083015 theological ideas about the devil
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00369-00083016-00083167 it was an amazing thing about the
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00370-00083168-00083367 ottomans and also the mughal empire
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00371-00083368-00083575 which was starting about around the same
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00372-00083576-00083831 time sort of 1530s at that time is that
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00373-00083832-00084047 they were really good at incorporating
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00374-00084048-00084247 other faiths into their empire building
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00375-00084248-00084399 and they you know it was actually done
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00376-00084400-00084631 out of respect in a way you know they
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00377-00084632-00084791 they work together the scholars will
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00378-00084792-00084935 work together so yeah this is an example
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00379-00084936-00085111 of that i'm just i'm just having a look
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00380-00085112-00085367 so i want to i made a note about snakes
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00381-00085368-00085559 and that's again it's egyptian again you
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00382-00085560-00085855 get in in egypt you also get bitten um
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00383-00085856-00086079 by snakes and i think there's what is it
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00384-00086080-00086191 in um
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00385-00086192-00086359 in the norse mythology that you know you
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00386-00086360-00086599 go back to genesis exactly yeah yeah
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00387-00086600-00086782 yeah origin of genesis yeah but you
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00388-00086783-00086918 actually go to hell and get bitten by
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00389-00086919-00087143 stuff yeah which is quite cool so you
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00390-00087144-00087311 know i mean it's really bad guys it's
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00391-00087312-00087535 really bad but you know
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00392-00087536-00087711 snakes as a metaphor um through
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00393-00087712-00087855 everything is really quite interesting
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00394-00087856-00088135 here we go here's some christian stuff
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00395-00088136-00088279 but so this is the first time we get the
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00396-00088280-00088494 idea what we usually think of as satan
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00397-00088495-00088631 and the devil
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00398-00088632-00088862 with the cloven hooves and he sort of
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00399-00088863-00089159 stems from the pagan idea the pagan god
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00400-00089160-00089271 of pan
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00401-00089272-00089479 and it's mixed with and we'll see it on
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00402-00089480-00089655 the next slide in a minute the the
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00403-00089656-00089799 concept which we were just looking at
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00404-00089800-00090038 this idea of a dragon or a serpent or a
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00405-00090039-00090247 sea creature sea whale
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00406-00090248-00090511 um of ha the hell mouth as well so they
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00407-00090512-00090703 kind of go hand in hand and they derive
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00408-00090704-00090823 from the sort of
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00409-00090824-00091206 early english ango saxony era
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00410-00091207-00091382 that's the first time though that we
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00411-00091383-00091535 really see
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00412-00091536-00091862 an idea a concept of hell being a sort
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00413-00091863-00092118 of place with
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00414-00092119-00092271 i was going to say an overlord but he
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00415-00092272-00092494 isn't really an overlord the problem we
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00416-00092495-00092847 get with satan is as complex as as hell
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00417-00092848-00092999 itself because
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00418-00093000-00093182 satan becomes at first he's the
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00419-00093183-00093343 adversary to god
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00420-00093344-00093535 we don't see him until much much later
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00421-00093536-00093726 into the middle ages become his sort of
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00422-00093727-00094015 this rival this nemesis he is a fallen
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00423-00094016-00094215 angel at the beginning you know he was
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00424-00094216-00094471 one of god's beings one of one of god's
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00425-00094472-00094606 angels and decided he was going to
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00426-00094607-00094815 overthrow god as we all do and therefore
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00427-00094816-00095071 god exiled him he didn't put him in any
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00428-00095072-00095326 sort of place but it's this sort of idea
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00429-00095327-00095494 mixed with the sort of
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00430-00095495-00095767 early english um
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00431-00095768-00095950 artistic representations that were going
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00432-00095951-00096182 on anyway and we get this from the pagan
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00433-00096183-00096382 god has he got i mean he's he's he's a
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00434-00096383-00096591 bit nudie roody so be careful you don't
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00435-00096592-00096791 look too closely seems to have three
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00436-00096792-00097047 faces four faces yeah
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00437-00097048-00097150 which is interesting because we don't
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00438-00097151-00097359 usually get this tool quite well around
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00439-00097360-00097567 this time so later middle ages early
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00440-00097568-00097782 middle ages we get very sort of i would
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00441-00097783-00098143 say rather simplistic ideas of satan and
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00442-00098144-00098406 hell it's not until probably post 14th
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00443-00098407-00098623 century once we have the black death we
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00444-00098624-00098831 have crisis we have war we have famine
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00445-00098832-00099071 we have the birth of the printing press
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00446-00099072-00099238 and therefore the spread of ideas and
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00447-00099239-00099462 fear mongering and that's when we really
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00448-00099463-00099655 see the concept of hell and the devil
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00449-00099656-00100006 ramp up hence witchcraft etc amazing
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00450-00100007-00100150 let's let's have a look at another one
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00451-00100151-00100503 also and that's perfect segue into this
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00452-00100504-00100791 which is we can see women associated
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00453-00100792-00101174 that's all i felt with satan sorry guys
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00454-00101175-00101423 women go hand in hand with the devil
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00455-00101424-00101671 yes so is that i mean
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00456-00101672-00101935 is that a thing in islam as well is it
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00457-00101936-00102135 seen that women because it does tend to
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00458-00102136-00102311 be that we are the ones who are very
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00459-00102312-00102518 very into we get tempted by sin all the
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00460-00102519-00102694 time of course we do we're just really
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00461-00102695-00102830 weak when it comes to that and then we
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00462-00102831-00103015 take men and i saw you stuff in your
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00463-00103016-00103175 face around the corner
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00464-00103176-00103366 it's really bad during ramadan as well
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00465-00103367-00103510 very bad
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00466-00103511-00103590 bad
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00467-00103591-00103686 um
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00468-00103688-00104142 yes and no so in in islam uh there is no
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00469-00104143-00104318 in the bible i think it's eve who's
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00470-00104319-00104599 tempted by the fruit right um in islam
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00471-00104600-00104815 there's no mention of that it's
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00472-00104816-00105063 we don't know uh it might have been adam
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00473-00105064-00105415 um i guess culturally the the thing is
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00474-00105416-00105654 that culture's intermix
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00475-00105655-00106063 and as islam solidifies itself
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00476-00106064-00106231 it probably borrows a lot from the
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00477-00106232-00106439 christian ideas
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00478-00106440-00106599 what's interesting that there are
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00479-00106600-00106878 mentions of who will go to hell in islam
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00480-00106879-00107271 uh so one of them he points at me
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00481-00107272-00107447 not pointing at you
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00482-00107448-00107607 one of them is
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00483-00107608-00107902 people who devour the wealth of orphans
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00484-00107903-00108095 it's very specific because the the
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00485-00108096-00108319 prophet muhammad himself was an orphan
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00486-00108320-00108551 um he loses his parents by the time he's
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00487-00108552-00108695 seven which is the start of his
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00488-00108696-00108910 spiritual journey so there is that's
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00489-00108911-00109286 quite distinct um people who devour
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00490-00109288-00109607 interest usury um i think that's quite
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00491-00109608-00109831 similar in christianity as well
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00492-00109832-00109919 um
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00493-00109920-00110231 that it's quite um
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00494-00110232-00110383 it's very similar to christianity but
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00495-00110383-00110631 there are certain specifics
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00496-00110632-00111086 depending on who we're talking to so
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00497-00111088-00111343 just going back to the uh the night
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00498-00111344-00111615 journey image that we showed
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00499-00111616-00111910 and they the images of if you want to go
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00500-00111911-00112199 back one more that's the one that's so
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00501-00112200-00112343 that's the night journey essential the
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00502-00112344-00112599 night journey is is an episode in the
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00503-00112600-00112910 prophet muhammad's life where um it's
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00504-00112911-00113247 just after his first wife dies and he
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00505-00113248-00113527 goes on some people say it's physical
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00506-00113528-00113758 but a lot of like esoteric
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00507-00113759-00113951 commentaries say was more
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00508-00113952-00114071 mental
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00509-00114072-00114310 uh journey where he travels up with the
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00510-00114311-00114454 angel gabriel
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00511-00114455-00114695 and he goes up through each layer of
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00512-00114696-00114823 paradise
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00513-00114824-00115054 and he meets each biblical prophet so he
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00514-00115055-00115327 meets aaron he says hey he sees moses
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00515-00115328-00115551 and he says hey jesus said hey how you
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00516-00115552-00115678 doing and
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00517-00115679-00115775 um
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00518-00115776-00116054 what's really interesting is the ideas
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00519-00116055-00116127 of
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00520-00116128-00116527 hell come from this specific episode
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00521-00116528-00116854 because uh when as he's on his way to
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00522-00116855-00117031 meet god
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00523-00117032-00117215 when he gets to
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00524-00117216-00117407 the fifth layer
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00525-00117408-00117671 of i have said sorry there's layers
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00526-00117672-00117790 we've got to mention there's layers
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00527-00117791-00117999 there's been a lot of them yeah this is
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00528-00118000-00118247 this is well sort of
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00529-00118248-00118383 i don't know
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00530-00118383-00118623 more so the sort of grouping as we go on
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00531-00118624-00118871 the grouping of um sins and the
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00532-00118872-00119039 punishment befitting of the sin into
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00533-00119040-00119190 sort of groups we don't really see
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00534-00119191-00119471 lawyers until giotto who influences
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00535-00119472-00119678 dante so that's interesting because in
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00536-00119679-00119895 islam there's layers uh which could be a
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00537-00119896-00120134 chinese influence as well yes i think du
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00538-00120135-00120247 has like
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00539-00120248-00120463 18 different levels and like 100 and
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00540-00120464-00120663 something rooms and each room's got its
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00541-00120664-00120878 own little like yeah it's got a room
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00542-00120879-00121102 full of tongue ripping which is
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00543-00121103-00121239 one of the worst ones to end up in well
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00544-00121240-00121439 this is such a great point because
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00545-00121440-00121607 there's a version for in the 15th
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00546-00121608-00121847 century scholarly versions not from the
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00547-00121848-00122134 quran or the prophetic saints where
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00548-00122135-00122431 muhammad finds hel on the third layer as
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00549-00122432-00122623 he's on his way to heaven i saw not the
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00550-00122624-00122790 third the fifth
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00551-00122791-00123054 the interpretation of why he sees
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00552-00123055-00123334 hell on the way to paradise on the fifth
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00553-00123335-00123502 layer of paradise
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00554-00123503-00123710 is that that represents mars the god of
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00555-00123711-00123886 war
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00556-00123888-00124134 so by the time we get to the 15th 16th
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00557-00124135-00124407 century a lot of islamic scholars have
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00558-00124408-00124775 absorbed the ancient texts of the romans
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00559-00124776-00124966 and the greeks
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00560-00124967-00125383 so it's it's it's not about theology no
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00561-00125383-00125710 not at all it's about culture culture
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00562-00125711-00125854 well yeah it's all apocryphal none of
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00563-00125855-00126151 this is really biblical doctrine i mean
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00564-00126152-00126319 the concept of hell doesn't really come
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00565-00126320-00126551 into doctrine uh into a biblical
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00566-00126552-00126702 doctrine until
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00567-00126703-00126871 well we have the fourth century the
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00568-00126872-00127071 vulgate you know the latin bible but
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00569-00127072-00127175 really
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00570-00127176-00127358 officially fifth century
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00571-00127359-00127527 fifth century yeah that's when we get
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00572-00127528-00127775 hell technically technically technically
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00573-00127776-00128166 okay everybody before then is all right
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00574-00128167-00128239 we'll go with you
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00575-00128240-00128399 [Laughter]
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00576-00128400-00128623 amazing um i'm just going to click
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00577-00128624-00128766 through these as well because we i mean
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00578-00128767-00128990 we talked a bit about you know witches
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00579-00128991-00129239 and women you know and the idea of magic
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00580-00129240-00129439 but presumably this is about
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00581-00129440-00129614 christians trying to overcome paganism
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00582-00129615-00129839 and old pagan traditions or is this
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00583-00129840-00130047 because this is later though
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00584-00130048-00130183 yeah and this is but this is what's
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00585-00130183-00130358 interesting we see this sort of shift
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00586-00130359-00130543 around what the later middle ages said
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00587-00130544-00130823 14th century because of obviously that
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00588-00130824-00130999 as i say the black death crisis
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00589-00131000-00131254 protestantism is emerging so there is
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00590-00131255-00131423 this concept of
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00591-00131424-00131766 fear and wrongdoing and
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00592-00131767-00131959 what could be and it's the first time
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00593-00131960-00132095 you really see
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00594-00132096-00132383 the concept of satan as a person on
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00595-00132384-00132623 earth who's getting women to do his
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00596-00132624-00132863 bidding to do his bad works
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00597-00132864-00133119 and that's where we get the concept of
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00598-00133120-00133319 women well that's not where we get but
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00599-00133320-00133607 it's particularly rife women being the
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00600-00133608-00133799 sort of subordinates
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00601-00133800-00133999 the subordinate sex and we see
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00602-00134000-00134327 counterparts um hell in heaven male and
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00603-00134328-00134511 female obviously male being heavenly
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00604-00134512-00134639 bodies of course
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00605-00134640-00134966 and women being rather hellish
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00606-00134967-00135143 and that's that's the driver behind
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00607-00135144-00135375 witchcraft but that goes way back to to
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00608-00135376-00135487 genesis
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00609-00135488-00135799 and obviously eve tempting and even to
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00610-00135800-00136039 lilith who was adam's first wife and
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00611-00136040-00136190 it's a pretty much similar story she
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00612-00136191-00136407 tempts him and this is dead sea scroll
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00613-00136408-00136551 stuff isn't it that's what we're talking
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00614-00136552-00136631 about
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00615-00136632-00136743 softer
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00616-00136744-00136943 i don't know much about early theology
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00617-00136944-00137127 you have to forgive me i'm asking i'm
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00618-00137128-00137327 asking questions which will allow our
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00619-00137328-00137566 wonderful audience to ask
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00620-00137567-00137687 seriously you can ask very dumb
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00621-00137688-00137807 questions because you guys know more
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00622-00137808-00138078 than i do i swear so
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00623-00138079-00138375 lilith was lilly sort of tempts adam and
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00624-00138376-00138647 she's his first wife like after
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00625-00138648-00138902 whatever eve was his class does um but
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00626-00138903-00139047 she's a sort of
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00627-00139048-00139390 angelic ethereal winged
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00628-00139391-00139583 angel i suppose she is but she's a bit
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00629-00139584-00139878 of a succubus so that too again and what
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00630-00139879-00140087 becomes really interesting is as we go
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00631-00140088-00140335 into christianity into the middle ages
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00632-00140336-00140614 we get this um
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00633-00140615-00140983 sort of connection between women and
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00634-00140984-00141247 being the sinister sex now the latin
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00635-00141248-00141607 sinister is left-handed left-sided and
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00636-00141608-00141766 therefore we get a very interesting the
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00637-00141767-00141959 left side will come on to a doom
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00638-00141960-00142214 painting i think um the left side of
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00639-00142215-00142407 christ here we go there we go perfect
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00640-00142408-00142599 the left side of christ will be the
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00641-00142600-00142878 virgin and the damned and the right side
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00642-00142879-00143143 is the saved we see this even mirrored
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00643-00143144-00143407 within ecclesiastical architecture and
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00644-00143408-00143671 it moves towards all sorts of very
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00645-00143672-00143959 interesting mythological ideas of we
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00646-00143960-00144151 have the devil's door in churches
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00647-00144152-00144390 because during the baptism you had the
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00648-00144391-00144559 north door is classed as the devil's
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00649-00144560-00144751 door right the north side of the church
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00650-00144752-00144959 is often seen as the sinister side where
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00651-00144960-00145143 those who had committed suicide babies
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00652-00145144-00145366 who had not been baptized would be born
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00653-00145367-00145607 this is this is the way the theory goes
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00654-00145608-00145831 and that when one would be baptized when
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00655-00145832-00145959 the child was baptized you would have to
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00656-00145960-00146111 have the north door open so that you
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00657-00146112-00146326 could let the devil out okay problem
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00658-00146327-00146526 with that is that baptism occurred in
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00659-00146527-00146687 the porch
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00660-00146688-00146799 so the devil would have to run through
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00661-00146800-00146990 the church and out the door
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00662-00146991-00147239 not to mention that many churches have
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00663-00147240-00147407 their north doors their primary entrance
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00664-00147408-00147590 so he's coming through the front door
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00665-00147591-00147726 but a lot of these become blocked over
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00666-00147727-00147959 time so that's where the idea comes from
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00667-00147960-00148190 but the left side is seen as the female
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00668-00148191-00148366 side the sinister side and this is
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00669-00148367-00148607 developed on and on as we go throughout
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00670-00148608-00148799 the later middle ages and you see it
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00671-00148800-00149007 represented in like disney cartoons with
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00672-00149008-00149199 like a devil and a what sort of devil on
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00673-00149200-00149375 this shoulder and uh angel on the other
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00674-00149376-00149526 shoulder but the left side is really
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00675-00149527-00149743 interesting because like
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00676-00149744-00149887 my dad always said to me don't write
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00677-00149888-00149990 with your left hand right with your
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00678-00149991-00150087 right hand
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00679-00150088-00150407 um a lot of muslim cultures were told
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00680-00150408-00150639 you've got to wipe your behind with your
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00681-00150640-00150823 left hand not with your right hand well
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00682-00150824-00151014 that makes sense yeah and that's that's
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00683-00151015-00151183 not that's not just muslims that's all
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00684-00151184-00151302 i've is
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00685-00151303-00151559 everyone i think is so you're not meant
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00686-00151560-00151687 to yeah
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00687-00151688-00151831 don't don't eat with the hand that you
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00688-00151832-00151975 wipe your bottom with
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00689-00151976-00152166 everyone just saying that's just that's
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00690-00152167-00152751 common sense top top facts from his fest
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00691-00152752-00153023 but um no it is interesting that we
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00692-00153024-00153263 we're getting this um idea of the devil
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00693-00153264-00153543 as um as an actual person is there a is
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00694-00153544-00153751 there a satan figure in islam in the
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00695-00153752-00153926 same way that there is is there a fallen
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00696-00153927-00154239 angel or a is there a person satan
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00697-00154240-00154575 is a fallen angel yes but he's so he's
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00698-00154576-00154823 told to bow down to adam and the devil
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00699-00154824-00154943 says no
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00700-00154944-00155111 i'm better than adam
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00701-00155112-00155343 um there's an interesting
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00702-00155344-00155519 element i think which probably comes
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00703-00155520-00155775 from zoroastrianism where
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00704-00155776-00155878 uh
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00705-00155879-00156111 satan you know satan's going to follow
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00706-00156112-00156343 humans around till judgment day i think
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00707-00156344-00156519 that's more concept of the battle
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00708-00156520-00156783 between good and evil happening
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00709-00156784-00156935 the devil has his little minions so it's
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00710-00156936-00157126 not just the devil the devil's got kids
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00711-00157127-00157511 running around and following everybody
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00712-00157512-00157687 which is why uh
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00713-00157688-00157871 like for example the concept of ramadan
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00714-00157872-00158135 right now where people aren't eating uh
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00715-00158136-00158383 or not drinking it's the idea of
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00716-00158384-00158623 limiting that desire and actually
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00717-00158624-00158847 there's a kind of a saying that during
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00718-00158848-00159078 ramadan the devil is locked away
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00719-00159079-00159375 once once a month he's locked away
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00720-00159376-00159726 um that's not literal that's more
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00721-00159727-00159919 the idea that everyone's suppressing
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00722-00159920-00160095 their desires
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00723-00160096-00160311 so the devil isn't a thing it's more an
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00724-00160312-00160519 emotion again it's your desire it's your
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00725-00160520-00160663 impulse to eat
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00726-00160664-00160807 or sleep or whatever
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00727-00160808-00161047 yeah um impulse to sort of you know have
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00728-00161048-00161319 a nice time and eat all the food and be
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00729-00161320-00161575 lazy and yeah do all the things yeah i
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00730-00161576-00161711 could i could see i think in
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00731-00161712-00161902 christianity as well there's
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00732-00161903-00162078 fasting used to be much bigger in this
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00733-00162079-00162351 country you know you'd have lent is the
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00734-00162352-00162566 main time it would happen and you would
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00735-00162567-00162854 have special i i went there was a
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00736-00162855-00162983 there's a
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00737-00162984-00163287 in cambridge recently they had a
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00738-00163288-00163543 display of all of these bowls for
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00739-00163544-00163743 fasting so it's the fasting plates and
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00740-00163744-00163887 everything else they're all made out of
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00741-00163888-00164054 horrible crocodiles not only weren't you
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00742-00164055-00164271 eating very much it was out of really
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00743-00164272-00164566 ugly bowls so everything was bad about
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00744-00164567-00164743 it and you were really this sort of
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00745-00164744-00164902 self-punishment
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00746-00164903-00165014 you're supposed to be atoning for your
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00747-00165015-00165231 sins that's that's
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00748-00165232-00165447 jesus but atoning for your sins is a bit
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00749-00165448-00165695 different to avoiding temptation in the
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00750-00165696-00165935 first place is it not
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00751-00165936-00166271 i know i think they work hand in hand um
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00752-00166272-00166390 so for example in islam we have the
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00753-00166391-00166566 pilgrimage one of the five pillars the
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00754-00166567-00166751 last one is the pilgrimage and in the
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00755-00166752-00166999 hajj and um in mecca there is a
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00756-00167000-00167159 representation of the devil it's a
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00757-00167160-00167414 column it's just a concrete column
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00758-00167415-00167590 and during the you might have seen this
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00759-00167591-00167790 like you know people going around
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00760-00167791-00167878 they're
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00761-00167879-00168078 the kaba which is the cube
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00762-00168079-00168302 and there it is near that cube there's a
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00763-00168303-00168526 representation of the devil um it's just
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00764-00168527-00168663 like a
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00765-00168664-00168878 sphere of a column really it's nothing
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00766-00168879-00169111 massive but people throw stones at it
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00767-00169112-00169302 that's part of the ritual and it's the
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00768-00169303-00169519 idea that there the devil tried to tempt
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00769-00169520-00169735 abraham right as he was building his
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00770-00169736-00169990 shrine so
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00771-00169991-00170238 temptation atonement it's very i was
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00772-00170239-00170383 thinking of pilgrimage as soon as you
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00773-00170384-00170519 said that and we have the same thing
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00774-00170520-00170719 you're atoning for your sins as you are
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00775-00170720-00171014 i mean going on peregrinating and then
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00776-00171015-00171151 you touch something at the end to
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00777-00171152-00171447 symbolize that is done i think people be
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00778-00171448-00171663 very shocked at how people in the middle
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00779-00171664-00171887 ages actually the pilgrimages they went
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00780-00171888-00172095 on and how enormous they were i mean
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00781-00172096-00172431 they were better traveled than i am well
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00782-00172432-00172695 i'm thinking margery kemp to be fair
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00783-00172696-00172919 she's she was eternally on pilgrimage uh
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00784-00172920-00173111 but most people only went off the great
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00785-00173112-00173295 pilgrimages probably they were once in a
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00786-00173296-00173526 lifetime event you probably would go to
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00787-00173527-00173671 your local parish church to visit your
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00788-00173672-00173878 local saint but for the same reason you
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00789-00173879-00174102 know we didn't have modern medicine so
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00790-00174103-00174287 you go for a cure or you know some sort
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00791-00174288-00174511 of ailment it's for the same thing you
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00792-00174512-00174766 are you know journeying to a place in
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00793-00174767-00175063 hopes of whatever whatever it may be
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00794-00175064-00175207 excellent well this is this is getting
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00795-00175208-00175495 off of hell so back to hell uh so but it
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00796-00175496-00175695 isn't other than i don't know it isn't
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00797-00175696-00175887 it isn't but this so this this
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00798-00175888-00176047 symbolizes i'm just having a look
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00799-00176048-00176223 there's there's the hell over there look
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00800-00176224-00176431 on the left as you say oh it's it's on
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00801-00176432-00176623 the right how does that work hang on
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00802-00176624-00176831 what's going on here no we're there no
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00803-00176832-00177151 no no left we're okay yeah yeah okay
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00804-00177152-00177431 yeah so it's stage left so what we're
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00805-00177432-00177631 seeing here is essentially a doom
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00806-00177632-00177743 painting
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00807-00177744-00177935 it's the last judgement really for the
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00808-00177936-00178087 book of revelation
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00809-00178088-00178366 and you would find these on the chancel
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00810-00178367-00178583 arch so between the nave and the chancel
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00811-00178584-00178751 in the church so the navy's the
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00812-00178752-00178966 congregation the populace's space they
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00813-00178967-00179166 would maintain it take care of it and
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00814-00179167-00179319 you couldn't enter into the chance or
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00815-00179320-00179535 that's the most sacred area for the
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00816-00179536-00179751 clergy so when you walked into church
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00817-00179752-00179999 you would have this huge painting
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00818-00180000-00180223 essentially in front of you right in
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00819-00180224-00180423 front of you walked in as a sort of
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00820-00180424-00180631 great billboard great advertisement to
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00821-00180632-00180887 say you need to live a faithful life and
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00822-00180888-00181087 this is going to happen on the day of
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00823-00181088-00181278 judgment so you need to ensure that you
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00824-00181279-00181351 are
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00825-00181352-00181638 ensuring that you and um fulfill
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00826-00181639-00181847 and believe in christ's sacrifice but
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00827-00181848-00182111 also atone for your sins but this is the
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00828-00182112-00182278 day of judgement so they at this point
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00829-00182279-00182478 are people believing in purgatory
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00830-00182479-00182638 yes which is what as we were going back
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00831-00182639-00182838 to on pilgrimage okay because the
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00832-00182839-00182990 concepts
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00833-00182991-00183231 purgatory doesn't come in until the 12th
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00834-00183232-00183502 century so it's much much later on that
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00835-00183503-00183775 it actually becomes doctrine
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00836-00183776-00184007 and it's a way of getting around you're
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00837-00184008-00184263 going one place or the other you can you
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00838-00184264-00184463 know get rid of your sins if you will
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00839-00184464-00184687 and move through that space but it
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00840-00184688-00184847 becomes problematic
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00841-00184848-00185135 because it essentially is a driver for
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00842-00185136-00185207 the
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00843-00185208-00185399 economic financial enterprise that
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00844-00185400-00185590 underpins the catholic church and
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00845-00185591-00185878 perhaps it's corruption because you can
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00846-00185879-00186095 buy an indulgence and essentially have
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00847-00186096-00186414 atone from your sins by just purchasing
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00848-00186415-00186575 um a piece of paper
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00849-00186576-00186831 and that's the problem so hence we get
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00850-00186832-00186959 to the 16th century we get to the
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00851-00186960-00187238 reformation and they push out purgatory
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00852-00187239-00187414 which easy
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00853-00187415-00187999 boo to thomas cromwell for that
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00854-00188000-00188238 but this is essentially this the sort of
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00855-00188239-00188519 idea here is you need to live a faithful
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00856-00188520-00188766 life and and is there a
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00857-00188767-00189014 um in islam is there the idea that you
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00858-00189015-00189278 know between you know you dying and
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00859-00189279-00189543 judgment there's no purgatory but there
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00860-00189544-00189671 are
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00861-00189672-00189854 you get a teaser of heaven or hell so
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00862-00189855-00190007 when you're buried as soon as you're
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00863-00190008-00190214 buried the angels come and visit you and
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00864-00190215-00190471 if you've led a good life you
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00865-00190472-00190790 get kind of sweet air being funneled
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00866-00190791-00190990 into your grave and you have a nice
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00867-00190991-00191311 lovely sleep and if you had a bad life
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00868-00191312-00191614 you might be funneled uh some flames you
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00869-00191615-00191790 know just a teaser it's not like hell
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00870-00191791-00191983 hell you're getting barbecued yeah
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00871-00191984-00192175 you're getting a bit of barbecued um
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00872-00192176-00192383 it's not the full thing because in islam
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00873-00192384-00192550 you have to be buried very quickly don't
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00874-00192551-00192790 you within 24 hours very similar to
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00875-00192791-00192966 judaism
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00876-00192967-00193159 a lot of that has to do also i mean the
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00877-00193160-00193311 heat as well i mean you think about
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00878-00193312-00193583 arabia and it's practical yeah it's
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00879-00193584-00193790 going to be decomposed in 24 hours so
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00880-00193791-00194063 there's an element of that practicality
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00881-00194064-00194159 um
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00882-00194160-00194263 but
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00883-00194264-00194495 there is no purgatory so it's heaven or
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00884-00194496-00194766 hell we're all waiting so once
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00885-00194767-00194895 you're dead you wait for the day of
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00886-00194896-00195054 judgement
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00887-00195055-00195311 so purgatory seems quite complicated
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00888-00195312-00195511 to the muslim eye
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00889-00195512-00195775 it was quite complicated anyway it was
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00890-00195776-00196083 fought and debated over
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00891-00196084-00196423 centuries it's yes uh so next one here
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00892-00196424-00196631 we have i think with this is must be the
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00893-00196632-00196838 circles of hell surely this is where
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00894-00196839-00197023 we're getting into look at you just
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00895-00197024-00197150 going no i don't want to talk about
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00896-00197151-00197295 circles
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00897-00197296-00197487 it's just it is it is it's not the
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00898-00197488-00197671 circle of heaven oh okay but what this
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00899-00197672-00197871 is the representation of is the sort of
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00900-00197872-00198038 layers of
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00901-00198039-00198263 the universe i suppose with hell at the
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00902-00198264-00198366 center
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00903-00198367-00198614 so the concept of the circles of hell
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00904-00198615-00198902 doesn't really exist
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00905-00198903-00199199 but giotto painted his lash judgment
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00906-00199200-00199502 painting and he sort of introduced this
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00907-00199503-00199726 this idea of circles of hell layers of
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00908-00199727-00200047 hell or at least these groupings of sins
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00909-00200048-00200190 and punishments and all that sort of
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00910-00200191-00200311 thing
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00911-00200312-00200599 and dante sees that takes it on so we
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00912-00200600-00200775 think that dante's inferno as divine
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00913-00200776-00201166 comedy was inspired by giotto's painting
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00914-00201167-00201407 but it doesn't really exist it does a
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00915-00201408-00201623 little bit more with you so the
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00916-00201624-00201847 there are seven layers of hell the seven
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00917-00201848-00202150 is symbolic two being infinite
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00918-00202151-00202335 um as well as paradise there's eight
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00919-00202336-00202502 paradises seven
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00920-00202503-00202687 layers of hell so the idea that god is
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00921-00202688-00202966 more merciful than he is oh that's nice
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00922-00202967-00203326 yeah yeah i mean
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00923-00203327-00203423 it's like it's like getting a
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00924-00203424-00203590 supermarket voucher you know you might
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00925-00203591-00203726 get something back
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00926-00203727-00203950 okay yeah yeah
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00927-00203951-00204126 um it's balanced in your favor a little
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00928-00204127-00204431 bit exactly exactly but no there are
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00929-00204432-00204671 layers in islam um and there are gates
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00930-00204672-00204871 as well yeah we have cakes yeah we have
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00931-00204871-00204958 gates
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00932-00204959-00205110 pearly gates and what's the gates other
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00933-00205111-00205279 gates of hell of course yeah yeah it's
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00934-00205280-00205455 obvious yeah
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00935-00205456-00205710 not quite the same but we have gates but
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00936-00205711-00205879 but with this with the idea of this
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00937-00205880-00206103 christian how you have all of the you
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00938-00206104-00206319 know it going i remember my favorite one
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00939-00206319-00206446 was the people with their heads on
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00940-00206448-00206606 backwards and i can't remember what
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00941-00206607-00206710 punishment that's where you've got to
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00942-00206711-00206855 walk backwards your heads are backwards
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00943-00206856-00206927 and i think that's because you'll be
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00944-00206928-00207142 like duplicitous or something
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00945-00207144-00207271 like that that would make sense like
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00946-00207271-00207366 that
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00947-00207367-00207590 which is it's quite a you know original
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00948-00207591-00207742 one i quite like the different
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00949-00207744-00207927 punishments you've got satan in the
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00950-00207928-00208166 center who just eats people
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00951-00208167-00208375 and is trapped there isn't he trapped in
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00952-00208376-00208590 ice as well i can't remember it i
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00953-00208591-00208814 honestly think he's trapped in ice it's
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00954-00208815-00209071 but this is all of this again is not in
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00955-00209071-00209286 doctrine this is all
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00956-00209287-00209655 really late medieval early renaissance
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00957-00209656-00209903 vivid imaginations of artists so our
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00958-00209904-00210087 concept of hell today
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00959-00210088-00210406 is created by literature by artists and
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00960-00210407-00210639 now by hollywood today and it's become
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00961-00210640-00210951 just a sort of metaphor for just living
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00962-00210952-00211103 a good life or trying to live a good
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00963-00211104-00211303 life in fear of what may happen next
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00964-00211304-00211479 it's interesting because dante puts the
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00965-00211480-00211798 prophet muhammad in his layers of hell
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00966-00211800-00212055 yeah i know what great guy but like it's
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00967-00212056-00212255 it's a response because
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00968-00212256-00212406 when dante's alive
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00969-00212407-00212591 the islamic world is very powerful it's
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00970-00212592-00212831 a superpower it's the america of its day
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00971-00212832-00213046 so that there's there's an element of
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00972-00213048-00213255 it it's it's the element of poking a
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00973-00213256-00213455 stick at the giant at that moment in
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00974-00213456-00213615 time so again it's
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00975-00213616-00213855 it's responding to your environment yeah
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00976-00213856-00214071 there's there's interesting manuscripts
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00977-00214071-00214255 as well like similar to
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00978-00214256-00214446 um what i've said about responding to
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00979-00214448-00214558 environment
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00980-00214559-00214831 in spain there's the forced conversions
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00981-00214832-00215023 of muslims to christianity when the
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00982-00215023-00215167 inquisition happened
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00983-00215167-00215382 their manuscripts have been found in
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00984-00215383-00215582 southern spain which is very interesting
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00985-00215583-00215703 because
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00986-00215704-00215967 there's a language called alcamiado
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00987-00215967-00216255 alcamiado is basically arabic script but
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00988-00216256-00216534 when you read it it's spanish
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00989-00216535-00216727 the reason why that is is because lot
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00990-00216728-00216934 the spaniards are concealing their
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00991-00216935-00217167 identity as being muslim behind closed
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00992-00217167-00217263 doors
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00993-00217264-00217455 and in those manuscripts
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00994-00217456-00217671 there are versions of hell
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00995-00217671-00217894 now it's quite tightly knit to the
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00996-00217896-00218046 standard
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00997-00218048-00218191 how devil
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00998-00218192-00218519 but they find one interesting nook which
+dLG0RSAhE4E-00999-00218519-00218823 is wine drinkers will go to hell
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01000-00218823-00218998 and that addition is not in the arabic
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01001-00219000-00219158 scripts and the reason why that is is
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01002-00219159-00219398 because at that period they're being
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01003-00219400-00219606 forced to eat pork and drink
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01004-00219607-00219831 by the inquisition this is when tapas
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01005-00219832-00220087 was invented people tapas is racist yeah
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01006-00220088-00220334 it's a really racist xenophobic thing
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01007-00220335-00220567 those lovely prawns and tomato sauce you
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01008-00220567-00220727 can't eat those if you're jewish or
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01009-00220728-00220942 muslim and that's the point of the
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01010-00220944-00221079 reason why the inquisition and the
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01011-00221080-00222023 spanish people did it is
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01012-00222023-00222239 in christianity because uh in some of
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01013-00222240-00222415 the dune paintings in fact we have the
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01014-00222416-00222671 satanic beastial figure and next year
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01015-00222671-00222975 there's a great one uh 15th century doom
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01016-00222976-00223206 painting last judgment um in saint
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01017-00223207-00223382 thomas's church in salisbury and there's
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01018-00223383-00223623 a little alewife right next to the
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01019-00223623-00223910 little huge cloven hoove figure
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01020-00223911-00224094 and she's obviously she's she's the
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01021-00224096-00224271 temptress because she's bringing the ale
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01022-00224271-00224527 and she's lowering us into bad behavior
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01023-00224528-00224694 and it was often
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01024-00224696-00224791 sort of a
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01025-00224792-00224975 representation of
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01026-00224976-00225158 temptation was the ale wife because
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01027-00225159-00225375 that's what we you know christine's were
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01028-00225376-00225575 drinking it was ill and it was right and
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01029-00225576-00225798 leading to to all sorts it's very
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01030-00225800-00225982 interesting about islam and the wine
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01031-00225983-00226198 though because i read i've been reading
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01032-00226200-00226367 and writing a lot about pirates and
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01033-00226367-00226598 about travel and that sort of thing but
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01034-00226600-00226942 it is that thing of how islamic sailors
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01035-00226944-00227182 managed to get by because you know water
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01036-00227183-00227375 terms to slime within two days of being
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01037-00227376-00227598 at sea and how they were doing and the
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01038-00227600-00227742 mediterranean it's kind of all right so
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01039-00227744-00227919 you can stop in islands and get fresh
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01040-00227919-00228103 water and everything else but it was
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01041-00228104-00228351 understood by a lot of people a lot of
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01042-00228352-00228542 islamic sailors that wine was okay it
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01043-00228544-00228719 was just the spirits that were bad yeah
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01044-00228719-00228863 and you can only drink certainly so it's
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01045-00228864-00229039 really interesting that came out then
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01046-00229040-00229287 yesterday just an aside that made me go
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01047-00229288-00229487 that's really interesting yeah and it's
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01048-00229488-00229646 interesting because you know alcohol is
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01049-00229648-00229839 forbidden in islam but
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01050-00229840-00229951 uh
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01051-00229952-00230175 alcohol drinkers are never specified as
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01052-00230176-00230479 going to hell in the theological text
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01053-00230480-00230839 and a lot of sufis drank wine um so
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01054-00230840-00231079 there is kind of a flexible sort of
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01055-00231080-00231206 interpretation when it comes to alcohol
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01056-00231207-00231527 it's quite murky of course
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01057-00231528-00231719 because they're all drunk again exactly
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01058-00231719-00231958 um
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01059-00231959-00232103 it's always a response to your
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01060-00232104-00232255 conditions
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01061-00232256-00232431 that's what hell is it's a response to
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01062-00232432-00233175 your behavior
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01063-00233176-00233382 there you go that's proper isn't it man
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01064-00233383-00233558 riding a horse inside a sort of weird
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01065-00233559-00233734 crocodile devil thing yeah but we can
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01066-00233735-00233967 see how similar it is to the first
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01067-00233967-00234110 image we were looking at
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01068-00234111-00234382 as well we have this sort of weird
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01069-00234383-00234582 secretory
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01070-00234583-00234894 whaley very i don't know some sort of
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01071-00234896-00235055 dragony thing
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01072-00235056-00235287 but this is the first representation
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01073-00235288-00235591 that we get of hell in the early english
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01074-00235592-00235727 period so
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01075-00235728-00236006 you know eighth to 10th century really
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01076-00236007-00236319 um this idea of hellmouth and you know
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01077-00236319-00236487 the souls were going into them we don't
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01078-00236488-00236734 see a sort of fiery concept for another
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01079-00236735-00236903 few centuries this is the first
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01080-00236904-00237175 representation amazing and that is
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01081-00237176-00237398 basically lifted out of revelation yes
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01082-00237400-00237534 exactly
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01083-00237535-00237710 that's you know pretty much it's pretty
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01084-00237711-00237982 much you too yeah yeah excellent oh
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01085-00237983-00238182 that's it so we've gone through it we
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01086-00238183-00238446 can we can stay on the hell mouth
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01087-00238448-00238631 for a little bit longer how are we doing
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01088-00238632-00238758 for time
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01089-00238759-00238934 uh where's rebecca we got should we
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01090-00238935-00239071 should we go to some questions now or
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01091-00239071-00239239 shall we shall we
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01092-00239240-00239439 we've got a bit longer so what we can
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01093-00239440-00239687 talk about is is this concept of satan
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01094-00239688-00239910 the devil himself and how there seems to
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01095-00239911-00240182 be different versions of satan you you
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01096-00240183-00240375 do and i know they're they all cross
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01097-00240376-00240558 over and mix a bit but you do have this
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01098-00240559-00240855 idea of satan as being this hell mouth
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01099-00240856-00241198 monster that does literally eat and you
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01100-00241200-00241446 know torment people forever then you
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01101-00241448-00241598 have this sort of i would say sort of
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01102-00241600-00241806 romantic version or at least it's you
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01103-00241807-00242158 know milton inspired paradise lost satan
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01104-00242159-00242319 battling against what he sees as the
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01105-00242319-00242606 wrongs then basically you know having
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01106-00242607-00242775 you know god in the world turn against
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01107-00242776-00242982 him and that this inspired all of these
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01108-00242983-00243191 very romantic that first image that we
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01109-00243192-00243391 saw of the devil with his nipples out
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01110-00243392-00243615 that sort of very attractive kind of
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01111-00243616-00243919 like fallen angel you know version and
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01112-00243919-00244079 then we also have the one that we get in
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01113-00244080-00244310 goethe and we get um with dr faustus and
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01114-00244311-00244582 faust is the sort of trickster
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01115-00244583-00244791 is somebody who's going to sneak a bit
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01116-00244792-00244982 like the ale wife yeah
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01117-00244983-00245310 um are we missing any of that which is
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01118-00245311-00245558 um which do you which do you think is is
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01119-00245559-00245742 going to last longest
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01120-00245744-00245982 we seem to have gone back i think to
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01121-00245983-00246158 that idea you know you think about the
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01122-00246159-00246455 romantic idea which stems i would say
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01123-00246456-00246742 from the fallen angel so lucifer really
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01124-00246744-00247006 and this beautiful ethereal
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01125-00247007-00247239 winged being that's what we seem to have
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01126-00247240-00247487 gone back to it's only after that
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01127-00247488-00247782 um that we get the idea of pan
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01128-00247783-00247967 uh the pagan god with the clove and
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01129-00247967-00248119 hughes but you know we're going right
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01130-00248119-00248351 back to genesis that's but
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01131-00248352-00248582 many theologians believe that the
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01132-00248583-00248742 concept of satan actually predates
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01133-00248744-00249046 genesis in fact this idea
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01134-00249048-00249206 in the beginning there was the words in
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01135-00249207-00249591 the beginning
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01136-00249592-00249830 the concept at least
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01137-00249831-00250063 um yeah and then we go through and we
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01138-00250064-00250358 get lucifer then we get pan and then we
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01139-00250359-00250479 move into that
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01140-00250480-00250694 you know mouth eating
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01141-00250696-00250855 eating with his mouth you know crunching
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01142-00250856-00251063 on the souls that seems to be inspired
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01143-00251064-00251279 by the imaginations of renaissance
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01144-00251280-00251406 paintings i find it interesting that the
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01145-00251407-00251671 depiction of the devil is more or less a
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01146-00251671-00251830 man
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01147-00251831-00252087 more or less lilith we get yes in
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01148-00252088-00252334 between i suppose which is inspired by
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01149-00252335-00252582 judaism so the lilith character does
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01150-00252583-00252742 come in she tends to get sort of
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01151-00252744-00252910 conflated with
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01152-00252911-00253158 with lucifer you know as this sort of
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01153-00253159-00253391 incubus versus succubus some idea as
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01154-00253392-00253471 well
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01155-00253471-00253606 and you know if anyone's watched the
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01156-00253607-00253991 most recent sabrina the teenage witch
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01157-00253992-00254215 the main character is lilith right she
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01158-00254216-00254527 is the the female overlord so if we're
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01159-00254528-00254703 going popular culture she's also dr
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01160-00254704-00254990 fraser kane's wife is lilith who is
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01161-00254991-00255142 [Laughter]
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01162-00255144-00255406 can we really get that
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01163-00255407-00255551 that's that's what i think of every time
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01164-00255552-00255727 you say it i'm just like that's unfair
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01165-00255728-00255879 okay if you think of the character
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01166-00255880-00256103 though in in the sabrina one she's a
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01167-00256104-00256182 very
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01168-00256183-00256342 you know she's supposed to be beautiful
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01169-00256344-00256558 and attractive and she is alluring
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01170-00256559-00256734 seductress temptress
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01171-00256735-00257023 so i think it's this idea of satan as
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01172-00257023-00257239 disguised and that was the problem i
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01173-00257240-00257375 think when we get to
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01174-00257376-00257655 the um the witch trials etc that satan
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01175-00257656-00257815 was doing his bidding with women on
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01176-00257816-00257998 earth and therefore they were satan in
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01177-00258000-00258319 disguise and still are the way sorry no
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01178-00258319-00258415 i was going to say i've heard some
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01179-00258416-00258655 people fancied hades from hercules did
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01180-00258656-00258903 did you fancy hades
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01181-00258904-00259215 pretty much anybody in tgv it's it's
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01182-00259216-00259430 very few passes any disney
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01183-00259431-00259727 animation pretty much yeah i mean yeah
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01184-00259728-00259975 even scar from lion king oh yeah yeah
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01185-00259976-00260151 yeah yeah i mean
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01186-00260152-00260471 all of them
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01187-00260471-00260719 how did
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01188-00260719-00260998 yeah why not yeah um
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01189-00261000-00261206 uh what what will we and i see got me
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01190-00261207-00261398 all the stuff lucifer
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01191-00261400-00261567 i think we're moving towards the idea of
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01192-00261567-00261806 a futuristic hell yeah and we were
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01193-00261807-00262087 talking earlier about um the metaphor
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01194-00262088-00262375 the metaverse i hate that word sorry
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01195-00262376-00262655 sorry sorry facebook just like facebook
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01196-00262656-00262895 social media facebook the internet mark
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01197-00262896-00263310 zuckerberg yeah you know this idea of
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01198-00263311-00263591 uh the ideas of hell on earth but it's
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01199-00263592-00263806 not really on earth it's another domain
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01200-00263807-00263967 it's still ticking you use the word
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01201-00263968-00264247 domain that's an internet word sorry yes
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01202-00264248-00264582 oh yeah god i'm corrupted already
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01203-00264583-00264758 that's where we are right we talk about
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01204-00264759-00264927 the internet as this wild west and maybe
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01205-00264928-00265071 that's the future was because we were
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01206-00265072-00265271 saying are we in hell
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01207-00265272-00265487 if we think of this metaphor well
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01208-00265488-00265695 we we mentioned gerta we've mentioned uh
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01209-00265696-00265919 dr faustus i mean metastopolis says if
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01210-00265920-00266095 you're out of god's presence that is
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01211-00266096-00266287 hell this is that's that is out of it
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01212-00266288-00266423 that's how it starts
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01213-00266424-00266591 you need to be in god's light you need
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01214-00266592-00266799 to accept christ's sacrifice if you are
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01215-00266800-00266982 not you are in the darkness and that's
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01216-00266983-00267199 but satan himself he goes from the sort
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01217-00267200-00267423 of light and darkness to darkness but he
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01218-00267424-00267647 actually is seen as a a light type
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01219-00267648-00267839 figure at the beginning
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01220-00267840-00268087 and he's oh there we go is that is that
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01221-00268088-00268343 five minutes till questions yes cool
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01222-00268344-00268647 excellent um i do i do think it's a very
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01223-00268648-00268934 interesting idea that a lot of the time
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01224-00268935-00269071 satan's actually depicted as quite
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01225-00269072-00269327 sympathetic as well i don't think mark
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01226-00269328-00269455 zuckerberg is
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01227-00269456-00269582 but
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01228-00269583-00269743 i think i think that the actual
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01229-00269744-00269879 character particularly the idea of the
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01230-00269880-00270015 fallen angel
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01231-00270016-00270191 um i think people
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01232-00270192-00270510 gravitate toward al pacino's um um
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01233-00270511-00270727 version of him as well is very you know
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01234-00270728-00271063 it's fun and it is it's just cheeky yeah
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01235-00271064-00271215 cheeky and naughty
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01236-00271216-00271439 one of the things i i got asked recently
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01237-00271440-00271710 was where the idea of like the red suits
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01238-00271711-00271887 with the red cape and the red tights
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01239-00271888-00272103 comes from and that is directly from um
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01240-00272104-00272358 goethe and it's faust because when they
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01241-00272359-00272519 did a stage production of it he's very
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01242-00272520-00272655 sneaky and he was always dressed in a
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01243-00272656-00272879 red cape and red tights which is where
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01244-00272880-00273047 that image of the cheeky devil comes
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01245-00273048-00273230 from i think of britney spears yeah
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01246-00273231-00273399 exactly that's where britney spears was
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01247-00273400-00273543 guessing her influence no i was thinking
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01248-00273544-00273751 coca-cola with santa oh yeah that's
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01249-00273752-00273927 that's different that's different that's
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01250-00273928-00274334 whole other thing when you say red suit
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01251-00274335-00274455 but but i think that's a good point
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01252-00274456-00274623 because the idea of hell that we have
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01253-00274624-00274863 today unsatan has been heavily inspired
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01254-00274864-00275015 by hollywood
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01255-00275016-00275310 rather than anything doctrinal yeah but
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01256-00275311-00275495 isn't isn't hollywood also inspired by
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01257-00275496-00275639 the doctrinal
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01258-00275640-00275830 but the doctrine really isn't doctrine
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01259-00275831-00276119 it's apocryphal texts they are even far
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01260-00276120-00276343 more i suppose cultural is the word here
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01261-00276344-00276558 they only become doctrine far later and
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01262-00276559-00276727 and that nothing really that we're
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01263-00276728-00276975 talking about this fiery torment
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01264-00276976-00277230 is ever really christian doctrine no no
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01265-00277231-00277391 they're not in the central text this is
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01266-00277392-00277599 the whole point they're all embellished
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01267-00277600-00277751 lay upon layers century upon century
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01268-00277752-00277927 they become embellished influenced by
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01269-00277928-00278191 society changes in culture
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01270-00278192-00278358 and i also i just find it fascinating
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01271-00278359-00278527 though that it isn't just the
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01272-00278528-00278710 abrahamic religions which have the
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01273-00278711-00278847 concept of the afterlife have the
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01274-00278848-00279079 concept of hell if you even look at like
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01275-00279080-00279223 the mayans they had the idea of the
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01276-00279224-00279375 trees you die at the bottom of the tree
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01277-00279376-00279543 and you have to slowly ascend up you
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01278-00279544-00279687 have you know we've already mentioned
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01279-00279688-00279951 the chinese mythology and their version
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01280-00279952-00280182 where you basically stay in a room until
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01281-00280183-00280423 you can work off your sins till you get
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01282-00280424-00280582 reincarnated and that's something
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01283-00280583-00280855 similar with buddhism and hinduism and
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01284-00280856-00281134 so and all of these you know zodism you
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01285-00281135-00281295 mentioned as well i mean that i think
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01286-00281296-00281479 you walk over a bridge i seem to
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01287-00281480-00281639 remember a bridge in that yeah that's in
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01288-00281640-00281703 israel
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01289-00281704-00281815 yeah it isn't
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01290-00281816-00281999 right yeah it's the bridge and then you
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01291-00282000-00282151 get turned out and i think you end up in
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01292-00282152-00282343 a house and the favorite my favorite
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01293-00282344-00282543 publishment about that hell is the food
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01294-00282544-00282815 is bad and that's really bad if you
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01295-00282816-00282943 think about it when you have to eat
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01296-00282944-00283151 rotten food forever that sounds like wet
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01297-00283152-00283439 spoons yeah yeah we're already in house
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01298-00283440-00283567 yeah
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01299-00283568-00283791 other other pubs are uh
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01300-00283792-00284071 yeah yeah
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01301-00284072-00284254 chains but what is it do you think about
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01302-00284255-00284471 the human condition that requires us to
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01303-00284472-00284671 one believe in an afterlife and to
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01304-00284672-00284895 believe in this sort of cosmic justice
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01305-00284896-00285119 it's an interesting question isn't it
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01306-00285120-00285367 because we don't know
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01307-00285368-00285479 because
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01308-00285480-00285599 we don't know what happened before we
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01309-00285600-00285727 don't know what happened afterwards and
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01310-00285728-00285934 i think we all have an inherent
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01311-00285935-00286191 faith and hope in something um
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01312-00286192-00286391 and we're clinging on to memory and
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01313-00286392-00286567 nostalgia of those who have gone so it's
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01314-00286568-00286758 that eternal hope that you will meet
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01315-00286759-00286879 them in
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01316-00286880-00287182 a beautiful par you know paradise
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01317-00287183-00287279 space
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01318-00287280-00287543 but it's also i mean the concept of hell
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01319-00287544-00287639 really
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01320-00287640-00287958 is about ensuring you live an ethical
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01321-00287959-00288263 moral and faithful to god
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01322-00288264-00288510 type of life that's it it is to control
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01323-00288511-00288719 behavior let's let's be very honest
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01324-00288720-00288830 that's at the heart of this and that's
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01325-00288831-00288982 where it stems from yeah in all
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01326-00288983-00289206 religions and it's it's i think hell is
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01327-00289207-00289358 needed because essentially what it's
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01328-00289359-00289558 saying is life is not happy-go-lucky if
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01329-00289559-00289791 you just had paradise we're dancing
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01330-00289792-00289958 through grass threatening flowers that's
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01331-00289959-00290191 how life is you need the duality you
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01332-00290192-00290343 need the complexity because that's what
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01333-00290344-00290510 you go through life yeah but you also
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01334-00290511-00290751 need it to explain all the bad stuff
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01335-00290752-00290871 that's happening
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01336-00290872-00291175 does it right and the idea of justice
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01337-00291176-00291558 is quite strong in islam social justice
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01338-00291559-00291710 um
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01339-00291711-00291910 and in christianity as well and i think
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01340-00291911-00292087 we talk about social justice setting the
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01341-00292088-00292263 secular terms you know
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01342-00292264-00292391 look what's happening right now in the
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01343-00292392-00292551 world you know dictators butchering
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01344-00292552-00292830 people like that element of justice
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01345-00292831-00293127 still rings in our dna yeah that is
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01346-00293128-00293334 that's inherent
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01347-00293335-00293623 so we i think we might still need hell
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01348-00293624-00293854 we're always going to need help yeah
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01349-00293855-00294103 well and with that ladies and gentlemen
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01350-00294104-00294343 heard it here first hell's a good thing
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01351-00294344-00294575 uh we all need it so if you end up there
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01352-00294576-00294823 your own fault um that's true
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01353-00294824-00295054 that is that is um that is just
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01354-00295055-00295247 unless you get tricked because
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01355-00295248-00295391 at least does trick and i think that's
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01356-00295392-00295487 really me
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01357-00295488-00295695 but um we're going to open this up for
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01358-00295696-00295927 questions does anybody put your paw in
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01359-00295928-00296239 the air if you have a question for us
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01360-00296240-00296415 also we've got a question over there
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01361-00296416-00296567 does sarah want to run with the
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01362-00296568-00296815 microphone the blue microphone
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01363-00296816-00296958 of dreams
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01364-00296959-00297127 and remember this can be
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01365-00297128-00297358 any any bad question
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01366-00297359-00297575 setting is setting us well please don't
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01367-00297576-00297799 but
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01368-00297800-00297903 um
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01369-00297904-00298063 i was just wondering could you mention
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01370-00298064-00298182 like some of the
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01371-00298183-00298439 contemporary kind of representations
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01372-00298440-00298630 like in terms of like lucifer and
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01373-00298631-00298806 sabrina the teenage witch but one that
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01374-00298807-00299006 really springs to mind for me is the
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01375-00299007-00299239 good place yes um
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01376-00299240-00299423 and which i just find a really
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01377-00299424-00299558 interesting
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01378-00299559-00299727 exploration of
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01379-00299728-00299982 like a lot of the stuff that you you've
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01380-00299983-00300134 mentioned today and i was just wondering
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01381-00300135-00300367 what you kind of
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01382-00300368-00300519 how you felt that kind of fed into
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01383-00300520-00300671 considering
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01384-00300672-00300903 how secular the world kind of claims to
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01385-00300904-00301119 be at the moment that we're still
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01386-00301120-00301351 creating an entire show that explores
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01387-00301352-00301582 these topics that's interesting do you
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01388-00301583-00301751 want to answer that one um
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01389-00301752-00301919 let's just briefly explain what the good
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01390-00301920-00302063 place is yes sorry i haven't watched it
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01391-00302064-00302263 oh you should oh you you'd love it yeah
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01392-00302264-00302439 it's really good so the good place it's
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01393-00302440-00302630 a series on netflix and the premise
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01394-00302631-00302791 starts i won't ruin the whole thing for
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01395-00302792-00302967 you we're going to have to ruin it we're
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01396-00302968-00303134 going to have to ruin a bit of it but
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01397-00303135-00303334 the premise starts with the idea that um
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01398-00303335-00303591 a person ends up you know she basically
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01399-00303592-00303775 dies and she's there on the couch and
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01400-00303776-00303934 god you know
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01401-00303935-00304039 it's
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01402-00304040-00304199 peter isn't it basically i think yeah
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01403-00304200-00304319 absolutely yeah
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01404-00304320-00304471 some peter sort of saying to her it's
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01405-00304472-00304710 all right you ended up in the good place
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01406-00304711-00304895 and she's like oh brilliant but it turns
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01407-00304896-00305054 out that everybody around her is like
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01408-00305055-00305295 saints and she's a really horrible
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01409-00305296-00305558 person and she's having to disguise the
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01410-00305559-00305758 fact that she's in this good place and
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01411-00305759-00305967 then further revelations get revealed
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01412-00305968-00306182 about what happens to her and actually
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01413-00306183-00306391 is this a form of torture and is she
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01414-00306392-00306551 actually in the bad place and it's her
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01415-00306552-00306734 trying to work out where she is
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01416-00306735-00306854 so
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01417-00306855-00306975 what do you think what do you think
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01418-00306976-00307110 about this well i think that goes back
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01419-00307111-00307254 to what we were talking about is are we
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01420-00307255-00307343 in hell
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01421-00307344-00307439 yeah
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01422-00307440-00307775 sorry might have given it away
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01423-00307776-00307887 i could still watch it it's very good
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01424-00307888-00308103 yeah um but i think that's a really good
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01425-00308104-00308334 question and this move towards
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01426-00308335-00308630 um secularism or the secularization of
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01427-00308631-00308751 society
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01428-00308752-00308991 um i use the the term secular this
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01429-00308992-00309182 because in in the in the christian
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01430-00309183-00309375 church secular also means something
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01431-00309376-00309482 different
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01432-00309483-00309671 but
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01433-00309672-00309919 the i think that's the point though is
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01434-00309920-00310110 we've said all the way through that this
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01435-00310111-00310310 isn't part of
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01436-00310311-00310454 of doctrine
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01437-00310455-00310695 this was the concept of hell even the
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01438-00310696-00310895 concept really of satan as we know it
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01439-00310896-00311071 has been influenced by culture by
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01440-00311072-00311375 behavior by changes in society responses
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01441-00311376-00311527 to crisis
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01442-00311528-00311615 death
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01443-00311616-00311854 all the all the bad things in the bad
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01444-00311855-00311951 place
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01445-00311952-00312134 so i think that's why it's become so
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01446-00312135-00312423 ingrained in society and we need it
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01447-00312424-00312687 because we need it to as a sort of
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01448-00312688-00312967 conclusion uh and a response to the good
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01449-00312968-00313199 things it's the only sort of
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01450-00313200-00313415 opposite i think we've gone full circle
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01451-00313416-00313671 because yeah um right yeah
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01452-00313672-00313839 hell starts on earth
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01453-00313840-00314071 on earth sorry and i think we've gone
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01454-00314072-00314327 from that starting point
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01455-00314328-00314471 to it being otherworldly both in
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01456-00314472-00314687 christianity and islam and now we've
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01457-00314688-00314871 come into the sector
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01458-00314872-00315030 and was back on earth
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01459-00315031-00315263 i think it's now just become a metaphor
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01460-00315264-00315343 for
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01461-00315344-00315606 purification um and
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01462-00315607-00315823 doing good you know we use it in
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01463-00315824-00315999 everyday speech you know god that was
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01464-00316000-00316158 hell yeah
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01465-00316159-00316391 or bet the devil you know but yeah i
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01466-00316392-00316575 mean it is literally ingrained in our
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01467-00316576-00316775 language and our culture but it's not
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01468-00316776-00317167 really exactly come from doctrine no
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01469-00317168-00317367 also if you like the good place you'd
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01470-00317368-00317558 really like a radio 4 series from the
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01471-00317559-00317806 90s called old harry's game which is
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01472-00317807-00318006 wonderful because that's a guy going
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01473-00318007-00318199 down to hell and he's actually in hell
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01474-00318200-00318334 but because he's atheist he doesn't
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01475-00318335-00318495 believe it and just thinks this is brain
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01476-00318496-00318703 sparking while he's in a coma and it's
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01477-00318704-00318854 really fun but that's the point is it's
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01478-00318855-00318999 so comp this is so complicated and it's
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01479-00319000-00319230 gone from one side to the other and it's
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01480-00319231-00319510 a place then it's not it's just a realm
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01481-00319511-00319630 we still don't know it goes back and
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01482-00319631-00319734 forth and back and forth and i think
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01483-00319735-00319879 that's why we're still
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01484-00319880-00320095 so fascinated by it because we just
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01485-00320096-00320367 don't know yeah and we will never know
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01486-00320368-00320639 or we will know we might
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01487-00320640-00320815 wait till the day of judgment yes so
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01488-00320816-00321071 sarah got the mic there she come sorry
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01489-00321072-00321199 were you up with somebody there who's
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01490-00321200-00321527 asking a question no okay there we go
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01491-00321528-00321982 we're going down the steps this time so
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01492-00321983-00322399 um yeah i just wanted to ask um
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01493-00322400-00322487 the
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01494-00322488-00322727 sort of first of all in terms of
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01495-00322728-00322934 hell like i remember i'm not sure if
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01496-00322935-00323134 this was from a um
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01497-00323135-00323358 uh the quranic text or more likely
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01498-00323359-00323654 probably a hadith a prophetic tradition
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01499-00323655-00323791 that um
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01500-00323792-00323934 hell
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01501-00323935-00324327 will talk at some point or rather will
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01502-00324328-00324503 speak in heavy
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01503-00324504-00324751 coordination it's good and i wonder if
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01504-00324752-00324823 in
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01505-00324824-00325103 overall in christianity as well as islam
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01506-00325104-00325391 um how much precedent there is
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01507-00325392-00325639 for it as an entity
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01508-00325640-00325879 and as not necessarily evil in and of
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01509-00325880-00326047 itself as
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01510-00326048-00326279 and as a basically a practical
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01511-00326280-00326454 sort of tool really more than anything
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01512-00326455-00326710 else and hell is actually
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01513-00326711-00326895 like everything else in the world that
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01514-00326896-00327287 isn't humans or or other uh
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01515-00327288-00327543 salient sentient beings that i have free
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01516-00327544-00327743 will israel like everything else it's
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01517-00327744-00328023 basically just subservient to god
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01518-00328024-00328367 um and on the back of that similarly um
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01519-00328368-00328582 because like i know that like in the
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01520-00328583-00328767 good place they talk about it it's
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01521-00328768-00328934 literally a place
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01522-00328935-00329191 um and it's just
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01523-00329192-00329406 it's just the ground and it's
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01524-00329407-00329551 only because of everyone that's in it
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01525-00329552-00329830 and that's very really starkly different
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01526-00329831-00329934 from
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01527-00329935-00330230 a lot of other sort of depictions um
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01528-00330231-00330391 especially for example when you think
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01529-00330392-00330671 about the good place as a point system
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01530-00330672-00330863 which is very similar to
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01531-00330864-00331054 um islamic and
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01532-00331055-00331351 i think sometimes christian depictions
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01533-00331352-00331423 of
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01534-00331424-00331671 the book where it's like someone
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01535-00331672-00331934 angels are writing down your deeds
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01536-00331935-00332206 um and i wonder so how much how much
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01537-00332207-00332399 person there is for
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01538-00332400-00332710 uh really the sentience of hell
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01539-00332711-00332951 and it's not just a place but actually
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01540-00332952-00333223 like a spiritual sort of
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01541-00333224-00333478 entity um and yeah and off the back of
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01542-00333479-00333782 that about satan whether um because like
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01543-00333783-00334039 some in islam some people say you know
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01544-00334040-00334223 this big debate if you see an angel is
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01545-00334224-00334454 here jin because some people say the
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01546-00334455-00334647 angels are actually
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01547-00334648-00334943 incapable of this disobeying god and
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01548-00334944-00335310 actually you know like um is he
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01549-00335311-00335678 is he merely a cog in the like i was
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01550-00335679-00335830 reading a really interesting jewish
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01551-00335831-00335999 thing about how he's actually a servant
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01552-00336000-00336206 of god yeah yeah
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01553-00336207-00336471 is he doing god's will yeah the sufis
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01554-00336472-00336599 actually have
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01555-00336600-00336919 uh that's that last point you make um
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01556-00336920-00337167 the sufis believed that he is an evil
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01557-00337168-00337367 he's actually doing god's work
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01558-00337368-00337647 um because they take an esoteric form uh
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01559-00337648-00337975 meaning to to to the devil um
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01560-00337976-00338134 what this is interesting whether he's an
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01561-00338135-00338343 angel or gin so jin is a spirit it's
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01562-00338344-00338558 they're made from smoke
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01563-00338559-00338695 uh or fire
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01564-00338696-00338871 um they're a bit like humans they have
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01565-00338872-00339047 families kids
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01566-00339048-00339295 they do good and bad whatever
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01567-00339296-00339447 humans can't see them they live in
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01568-00339448-00339654 another kind of they live on earth but
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01569-00339655-00339927 you can't see them so the idea of the
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01570-00339928-00340110 devil isn't an angel
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01571-00340111-00340351 but he's similar to
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01572-00340352-00340519 humanity a spirit
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01573-00340520-00340678 lends itself
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01574-00340679-00340991 more to the secular version of the devil
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01575-00340992-00341134 in that
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01576-00341135-00341254 the devil
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01577-00341255-00341534 you know has free will in a way he's
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01578-00341535-00341615 kind of
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01579-00341616-00341847 he's a he's a servant of god
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01580-00341848-00341967 um
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01581-00341968-00342158 and what you talked about the hell being
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01582-00342159-00342375 an entity in itself speaking that's a
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01583-00342376-00342654 really interesting point and
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01584-00342655-00342782 that
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01585-00342783-00342958 does christianity have
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01586-00342959-00343095 hell talking
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01587-00343096-00343310 not in the book not in the actual bible
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01588-00343311-00343503 not that commentaries
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01589-00343504-00343775 not that i'm aware of yeah i can think
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01590-00343776-00344047 of but it's similar to you i mean the
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01591-00344048-00344263 the devil is
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01592-00344264-00344519 starts as a sort of angelic creature
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01593-00344520-00344782 charlie being should i say um but as
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01594-00344783-00344982 i've said earlier he he's an adversary
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01595-00344983-00345206 to god he is the fallen angel it's only
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01596-00345207-00345406 later on where i think he kind of gets
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01597-00345407-00345671 annoyed and he thinks well stuff this i
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01598-00345672-00345943 want to be the great omnipotent being
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01599-00345944-00346239 and the gloves come off um but the the
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01600-00346240-00346463 concept of it being
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01601-00346464-00346719 um not a place as well it sort of goes
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01602-00346720-00346903 back and forth but you do have the idea
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01603-00346904-00347103 of like in christianity that you need
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01604-00347104-00347303 the antichrist you need all these things
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01605-00347304-00347439 to happen in order to bring about
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01606-00347440-00347663 revelation and have you know heaven on
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01607-00347664-00347943 earth kind of yeah so in that sense is
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01608-00347944-00348158 this not just part of god's plan anyway
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01609-00348159-00348382 and so this is what we started with it's
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01610-00348383-00348678 all predestined who knows yeah exactly
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01611-00348679-00348927 so this is the big debate oh we got
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01612-00348928-00349199 we got up we've got to ask you rebecca
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01613-00349200-00349367 what's sorry
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01614-00349368-00349543 i'm getting more cheeky as the day's
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01615-00349544-00349671 progressed i've asked a question in
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01616-00349672-00349871 every panel but i know i know it's
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01617-00349872-00350071 outside of your immediate expertise but
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01618-00350072-00350223 i just wondered what your thoughts are
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01619-00350224-00350543 as a panel on the rise of um things like
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01620-00350544-00350727 satanism in the 20th century where
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01621-00350728-00350919 people actually go and they actually
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01622-00350920-00351071 take the devil as
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01623-00351072-00351158 their
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01624-00351159-00351319 i don't know what the word is but they
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01625-00351320-00351527 they worship him so i just find it
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01626-00351528-00351927 really interesting and what that means
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01627-00351928-00352134 i think that goes again
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01628-00352135-00352375 i don't want to touch this one well um
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01629-00352376-00352630 squeaky that into the devil a daughter
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01630-00352631-00352791 which one of christopher lee's amazing
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01631-00352792-00353095 films i can
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01632-00353096-00353447 i think it stems from
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01633-00353448-00353663 a curiosity
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01634-00353664-00353878 which hence why we're here and talking
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01635-00353879-00354151 about this but also the fact that
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01636-00354152-00354254 perhaps
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01637-00354255-00354558 following a certain faith or a christian
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01638-00354559-00354727 life or whatever it might be
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01639-00354728-00355078 has not panned out the way they thought
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01640-00355079-00355303 or they don't accept because of the
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01641-00355304-00355591 travesties and crises of the world
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01642-00355592-00355799 they looked to another being and which
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01643-00355800-00355975 is seen as the opposite
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01644-00355976-00356110 and i think that's
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01645-00356111-00356263 i could be confident well it's what
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01646-00356264-00356423 marlowe sets out at the beginning of dr
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01647-00356424-00356606 faster says dr powers is an amazing
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01648-00356607-00356847 scholar does he become a doctor and help
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01649-00356848-00357015 people through medicine what's the point
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01650-00357016-00357175 everybody's going to die does he go off
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01651-00357176-00357327 and discover for physics what's the
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01652-00357328-00357447 point because i'm going to die anywhere
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01653-00357448-00357639 and so all of my knowledge will be lost
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01654-00357640-00357767 and doesn't really matter anyway because
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01655-00357768-00358015 everybody dies may as well somewhat also
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01656-00358016-00358254 the devil have a really good time and i
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01657-00358255-00358367 probably won't go to hell anyway because
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01658-00358368-00358510 i don't believe in it even though the
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01659-00358511-00358647 devil's right there he needs a bit of an
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01660-00358648-00358854 idiot but that's
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01661-00358855-00359047 resigning yourself to what you think may
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01662-00359048-00359271 occur anyway so let's have fun in the
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01663-00359272-00359510 meantime wow it's short-termism i
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01664-00359511-00359630 believe um
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01665-00359631-00359847 worship it i i can't really see it being
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01666-00359848-00360158 the idea of believing in the eternal
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01667-00360159-00360399 immortal soul no well perhaps they do i
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01668-00360400-00360503 don't know i haven't read this tiny
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01669-00360504-00360654 bible i mean
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01670-00360655-00360806 well the satanic bible's all about just
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01671-00360807-00360999 living for now um
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01672-00361000-00361191 that's the point isn't it it's not
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01673-00361192-00361358 it's not really about what comes next
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01674-00361359-00361567 it's let's live for the day yeah um
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01675-00361568-00361758 because it's all i suppose because we
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01676-00361759-00362015 have a predestined fate
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01677-00362016-00362230 well no no we have a predestined faint
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01678-00362231-00362454 it's literally it's more like atheism in
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01679-00362455-00362639 the sense that it is
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01680-00362640-00362847 it's not really i mean if the satanic
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01681-00362848-00362991 bible is just
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01682-00362992-00363191 a thing of being cheeky and just
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01683-00363192-00363367 pointing out the the silly bits in the
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01684-00363368-00363558 christianity and then you know just
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01685-00363559-00363806 saying let's all have sex it's fun
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01686-00363807-00364039 so they do that in the bible too they do
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01687-00364040-00364206 do that in the bible but it's much more
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01688-00364207-00364334 prescriptive
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01689-00364335-00364623 to be fair and so all tests
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01690-00364624-00364710 um
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01691-00364711-00365047 but yes but yes there are ancient i mean
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01692-00365048-00365206 satanism might be quite new but there
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01693-00365207-00365447 are ancient traditions of
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01694-00365448-00365654 the elements fire rather than we're
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01695-00365655-00365839 talking about how and so but the fire is
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01696-00365840-00366039 celebrated and it's in and of itself the
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01697-00366040-00366206 elements so like the hellfire caves i
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01698-00366207-00366406 was talking about earlier yeah yeah well
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01699-00366407-00366582 i mean if you're going to pick a god to
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01700-00366583-00366751 worship i mean the you know the jews
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01701-00366752-00366919 picked a god to worship there's loads of
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01702-00366920-00367103 gods hence worship no other gods before
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01703-00367104-00367278 me because there are other gods remember
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01704-00367279-00367510 there is a pantheon before there is the
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01705-00367511-00367751 monotheism and then you've got the sort
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01706-00367752-00367991 of weird thing where if there are other
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01707-00367992-00368167 gods why not see if any of the others
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01708-00368168-00368358 are any goods well that's the point is
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01709-00368359-00368582 try before you buy yeah spread your bets
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01710-00368583-00368719 out
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01711-00368720-00368927 i'll hedge your bets yeah sorry heads
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01712-00368928-00369047 yeah
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01713-00369048-00369230 i should re i feel like we're
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01714-00369231-00369695 letting um buy people online so um
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01715-00369696-00369839 how this i thought this was really
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01716-00369840-00370015 interesting i'm not sure if um either of
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01717-00370016-00370167 you know the answer to this question but
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01718-00370168-00370510 it's um um by i've picked one whose name
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01719-00370511-00370782 i can't pronounce but i think it's mori
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01720-00370783-00370927 but that's probably i think it's an
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01721-00370928-00371278 irish name and i apologize um but um how
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01722-00371279-00371534 is the portrayal of hell used as part of
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01723-00371535-00371687 sometimes forced conversion to
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01724-00371688-00371958 christianity in colonialism do they find
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01725-00371959-00372119 ways of relating it to the indigenous
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01726-00372120-00372343 belief systems of the people
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01727-00372344-00372510 do we know about this
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01728-00372511-00372687 we don't know about this unfortunately
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01729-00372688-00372919 if anybody did it was a really cool
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01730-00372920-00373191 question it's a good question yeah
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01731-00373192-00373351 because there is there is a lot of you
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01732-00373352-00373654 know if you go to parts of i'm thinking
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01733-00373655-00373775 where am i thinking i'm thinking of
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01734-00373776-00374071 lilongwe and stuff there are places
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01735-00374072-00374167 in
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01736-00374168-00374423 malawi um there are places where you
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01737-00374424-00374615 know certain tribal dances have been
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01738-00374616-00374806 banned because they look like satanic
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01739-00374807-00374951 worship and that sort of thing and then
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01740-00374952-00375199 they brilliantly intertwine christianity
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01741-00375200-00375478 and stories into that so it looks kind
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01742-00375479-00375695 of christian yeah i think we've done
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01743-00375696-00375887 that as well with like a mummy mummy
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01744-00375888-00376047 plays and that's yeah
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01745-00376048-00376151 yeah
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01746-00376152-00376223 so
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01747-00376224-00376358 yeah it probably does descend from
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01748-00376359-00376606 christianity a lot of that idea and i
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01749-00376607-00376815 can't think of like where it is or what
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01750-00376816-00376982 it is but tribes that sort of dress up a
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01751-00376983-00377151 little bit devilishly with the horns and
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01752-00377152-00377478 things so all these ideas you know have
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01753-00377479-00377671 their have their legs in
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01754-00377672-00377863 what we're talking about today
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01755-00377864-00378095 um but the force nature i wouldn't like
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01756-00378096-00378527 to no no but i can give it to you
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01757-00378528-00378854 religion and colonialism kind of they go
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01758-00378855-00378967 hand in hand
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01759-00378968-00379143 don't they it's how you kind of justify
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01760-00379144-00379295 ripping off loads of people saying well
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01761-00379296-00379495 we're saving their souls well this is a
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01762-00379496-00379687 concept of purgatory and why it was sort
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01763-00379688-00379791 of
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01764-00379792-00379934 gotten rid of
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01765-00379935-00380191 and you look at the caribbean and that
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01766-00380192-00380399 christianity is still very much alive
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01767-00380400-00380575 there yeah and obviously it's it's an
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01768-00380576-00380671 import
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01769-00380672-00380967 so it's for what i suppose it is forcing
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01770-00380968-00381134 and controlling behavior
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01771-00381135-00381230 and we're going right back to the
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01772-00381231-00381406 beginning again
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01773-00381407-00381591 brilliant i saw some hands up over there
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01774-00381592-00381791 so we should we should
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01775-00381792-00382127 go go go at the back oh yeah there we go
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01776-00382128-00382478 hello slightly less academic question
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01777-00382479-00382599 yeah um
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01778-00382600-00382743 i would just want to know if anyone can
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01779-00382744-00382910 confirm whether this is true or not i
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01780-00382911-00383134 read it online and you know the picture
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01781-00383135-00383375 of the statue on the first slide
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01782-00383376-00383575 apparently the pope commissioned someone
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01783-00383576-00383806 to make a statue
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01784-00383807-00384054 and then i'm paraphrasing here um but
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01785-00384055-00384263 the pope says why is he hot
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01786-00384264-00384495 and gets them to redo it or commission
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01787-00384496-00384599 someone else i just want to know if
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01788-00384600-00384727 that's true or not or if the internet
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01789-00384728-00384991 like lied to me
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01790-00384992-00385247 is this is this from the genie demao is
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01791-00385248-00385471 that the name of it yeah and the answer
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01792-00385472-00385671 to that is i believe that is true
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01793-00385672-00385975 however he was just slightly too sexy uh
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01794-00385976-00386167 in this statue which you can really
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01795-00386168-00386478 understand because
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01796-00386479-00386695 i put this down to the influence of
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01797-00386696-00386878 milton i think this is a paradise lost
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01798-00386879-00386991 version
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01799-00386992-00387071 of
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01800-00387072-00387247 of of devil is like this really
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01801-00387248-00387495 traumatic batman character who just like
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01802-00387496-00387815 oh my god guys like my dad's really bad
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01803-00387816-00387975 you know
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01804-00387976-00388206 he's he's very he's very traumatized and
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01805-00388207-00388358 it's a little bit like the aspect dorian
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01806-00388359-00388591 gray it reminds me of as well and yeah
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01807-00388592-00388775 and that idea too which i suppose is
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01808-00388776-00388999 inherent within all of this but you know
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01809-00389000-00389134 while he does look good he has got
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01810-00389135-00389439 massive bat wings which is not so hot
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01811-00389440-00389623 when you think about it you just pretend
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01812-00389624-00389751 they're not there we've probably got
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01813-00389752-00390015 time for another quick quan question
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01814-00390016-00390310 um so pick pick somebody near you go on
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01815-00390311-00390519 there we go we'll have a man there we go
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01816-00390520-00390623 um
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01817-00390624-00390951 just a question regarding the uh dragons
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01818-00390952-00391127 and the persian manuscript that you
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01819-00391128-00391510 showed um because china has between
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01820-00391511-00391758 buddhism and sort of folk religion a lot
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01821-00391759-00391863 of very
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01822-00391864-00392167 interesting ideas of it and visions of
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01823-00392168-00392463 its own hell and the various spirits and
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01824-00392464-00392751 levels that it entails and so i was
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01825-00392752-00392943 wondering if there was a significant
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01826-00392944-00393254 degree of influence or crossover between
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01827-00393255-00393527 sort of taoist buddhist
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01828-00393528-00393687 ideas of um
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01829-00393688-00393991 of an afterlife into sort of persia
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01830-00393992-00394078 and
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01831-00394079-00394310 islamic ideas of hell not necessarily
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01832-00394311-00394519 the afterlife i think those are core
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01833-00394520-00394678 concepts that come from the middle east
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01834-00394679-00394919 in from christianity and judaism but
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01835-00394920-00395110 there are influences
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01836-00395111-00395343 from the far east not just the dragons i
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01837-00395344-00395615 think it's more visual
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01838-00395616-00395758 influence because
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01839-00395759-00396102 islam forbids images it forbids
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01840-00396103-00396415 you know any sort of worship or visual
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01841-00396416-00396710 icons but this is kind of a loophole the
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01842-00396711-00396823 persians general so remember the
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01843-00396824-00397030 persians are mostly shia muslims and
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01844-00397031-00397263 they they're okay with images
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01845-00397264-00397367 so
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01846-00397368-00397623 they import this whereas
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01847-00397624-00397847 you won't get that in any way in any
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01848-00397848-00398095 other part of the islamic world um there
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01849-00398096-00398358 are influences um in terms of like
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01850-00398359-00398567 sufism and the
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01851-00398568-00398743 veneration of saints
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01852-00398744-00398919 that also comes you see that in a lot of
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01853-00398920-00399095 like the bengal region
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01854-00399096-00399351 like myanmar comes from buddhism as well
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01855-00399352-00399558 but in terms of the afterlife
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01856-00399559-00399815 it doesn't seep that deep i think
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01857-00399816-00399982 christianity kind of
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01858-00399983-00400327 took that influence far too early
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01859-00400328-00400527 excellent well ladies and gentlemen boys
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01860-00400528-00400695 and girls do we have enough time for one
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01861-00400696-00400823 question off the internet or do you
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01862-00400824-00400967 think okay very quick one off the
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01863-00400968-00401263 internet here we go um what do you think
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01864-00401264-00401463 um the conception of the devil seems to
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01865-00401464-00401654 vary between being a trickster in a lot
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01866-00401655-00401863 of cultures or personification of evil
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01867-00401864-00402102 in other cultures so what is that why do
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01868-00402103-00402406 we have this kind of trickster all right
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01869-00402407-00402623 i think we get both in everything i
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01870-00402624-00402782 think we do it goes back and forth and
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01871-00402783-00402902 back and forth and back and forth and
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01872-00402903-00403119 now we just have it all
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01873-00403120-00403623 um and then finally this from melinda um
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01874-00403624-00403878 is there any history of mutual critique
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01875-00403879-00404047 of islamic and christian concepts of
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01876-00404048-00404263 hell or do they co-exist slash feel
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01877-00404264-00404439 pretty comfortable as parallel
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01878-00404440-00404615 interpretations
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01879-00404616-00404758 what do you think
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01880-00404759-00404999 islamic scholars don't critique
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01881-00405000-00405334 christian ideas of hell and are nor do
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01882-00405335-00405654 you think no christians really do for
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01883-00405655-00405767 it's kind of this sort of thing where
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01884-00405768-00405919 you guys are just like let's just not
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01885-00405920-00406102 talk about each other no we focus on
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01886-00406103-00406263 ourselves but what's it like are things
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01887-00406264-00406487 the important way it's true but also
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01888-00406488-00406719 like what's interesting is that you have
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01889-00406720-00406910 the wars in the middle east
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01890-00406911-00407047 and yet at the same time there's
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01891-00407048-00407215 incredible scholarships do you get it
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01892-00407216-00407302 then
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01893-00407303-00407447 you have it then
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01894-00407448-00407806 but otherwise you have you know in spain
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01895-00407807-00407958 in the middle east
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01896-00407959-00408215 you have christian and islamic scholars
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01897-00408216-00408430 working together on the same table in
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01898-00408431-00408567 sicily as well
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01899-00408568-00408878 so i mean we do have seed fighting over
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01900-00408879-00409030 i was just thinking in the iowa sofia
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01901-00409031-00409191 constantine all that era and they're
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01902-00409192-00409406 taking down and sort of mocking one
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01903-00409407-00409607 another's religion and the devil does
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01904-00409608-00409839 come into that and the idea of hell but
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01905-00409839-00410159 not not really critiquing and no in a
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01906-00410160-00410230 more
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01907-00410231-00410543 educational and scholarly sentence i
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01908-00410543-00410710 mean chris you know muslims and
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01909-00410712-00410855 christians have rubbed shoulders for a
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01910-00410856-00411110 long time oh yes my favorite i i
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01911-00411112-00411287 recently read a thing about um it would
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01912-00411288-00411526 be 14th century venice and you could
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01913-00411527-00411703 tell what boat is coming into trade
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01914-00411704-00411878 because venice obviously a big hub big
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01915-00411879-00412110 market hub you could tell which boat is
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01916-00412112-00412278 coming in who owns it because if it was
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01917-00412279-00412543 road by christians it was a muslim boat
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01918-00412543-00412743 and if it was road by muslims it was a
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01919-00412743-00412999 christian vote which i think is a really
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01920-00413000-00413151 you know because you know that we were
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01921-00413152-00413399 all slaves it was fine um but yeah i
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01922-00413400-00413670 think i think that wraps up um this
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01923-00413671-00413934 wonderful you know hopefully nobody here
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01924-00413935-00414143 will find out that hell is real
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01925-00414143-00414478 so i hope that for all of you um if not
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01926-00414479-00414670 sorry you were born
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01927-00414671-00414887 um
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01928-00414888-00415134 so a massive thank you to everybody um
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01929-00415135-00415287 in the room a massive thank you to
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01930-00415288-00415430 everybody watching over there and a
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01931-00415431-00415710 massive thank you to our two panelists
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01932-00415712-00415991 um who is emma and safi and i've been
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01933-00415992-00416230 izzy and this has been his fest thank
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01934-00416231-00417071 you
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01935-00417072-00418318 [Music]
+dLG0RSAhE4E-01936-00418319-00418527 you
+dN3Cl51QdnY-00000-00000051-00000377 the USSR national rugby union team was a
+dN3Cl51QdnY-00001-00000378-00000557 sporting side that represented the
+dN3Cl51QdnY-00002-00000558-00000767 Soviet Union in rugby union until the
+dN3Cl51QdnY-00003-00000768-00001390 early 1990s
+dN3Cl51QdnY-00004-00001391-00001900 topic history
+dN3Cl51QdnY-00005-00001901-00002116 although tournaments such as the Soviet
+dN3Cl51QdnY-00006-00002117-00002362 Cup and the Soviet Championship existed
+dN3Cl51QdnY-00007-00002363-00002572 rugby never became a major sport in the
+dN3Cl51QdnY-00008-00002573-00002910 USSR rugby union was the more popular of
+dN3Cl51QdnY-00009-00002911-00003151 the two rugby codes however as rugby
+dN3Cl51QdnY-00010-00003152-00003343 league only began being played following
+dN3Cl51QdnY-00011-00003344-00003636 the collapse of the Soviet Union rugby
+dN3Cl51QdnY-00012-00003637-00003802 football was played in the Russian
+dN3Cl51QdnY-00013-00003803-00004011 Empire as early as 1908
+dN3Cl51QdnY-00014-00004012-00004210 however the first official match played
+dN3Cl51QdnY-00015-00004211-00004527 in Moscow did not take place until 1923
+dN3Cl51QdnY-00016-00004528-00004783 because of the Russian Revolution some
+dN3Cl51QdnY-00017-00004784-00005020 Soviet Russian players emigrated and/or
+dN3Cl51QdnY-00018-00005021-00005224 ended up playing for foreign sides a
+dN3Cl51QdnY-00019-00005225-00005431 notable example being Prince Alexander
+dN3Cl51QdnY-00020-00005432-00005656 OVA Lenski Aleksandr sergeivich
+dN3Cl51QdnY-00021-00005657-00005925 obolensky played for Oxford in England
+dN3Cl51QdnY-00022-00005926-00006160 in the 1930s he was the score of two
+dN3Cl51QdnY-00023-00006161-00006354 tries on his England debut in their win
+dN3Cl51QdnY-00024-00006355-00006709 over New Zealand in January 1936 his
+dN3Cl51QdnY-00025-00006709-00006901 noble birth precluded him from playing
+dN3Cl51QdnY-00026-00006902-00007093 in his home country and his family had
+dN3Cl51QdnY-00027-00007094-00007255 fled the country when he was only a year
+dN3Cl51QdnY-00028-00007256-00007678 old in 1934 the Moscow Championship was
+dN3Cl51QdnY-00029-00007679-00007896 initiated followed by the first Soviet
+dN3Cl51QdnY-00030-00007897-00008286 championship which took place in 1936 in
+dN3Cl51QdnY-00031-00008287-00008569 1949 rugby union was forbidden
+dN3Cl51QdnY-00032-00008570-00008785 throughout the USSR during the fight
+dN3Cl51QdnY-00033-00008786-00009121 against cosmopolitanism competition was
+dN3Cl51QdnY-00034-00009122-00009373 resumed in 1957 and the Soviet
+dN3Cl51QdnY-00035-00009374-00009847 Championship recommenced in 1966 in 1975
+dN3Cl51QdnY-00036-00009848-00010054 the Soviet national team played their
+dN3Cl51QdnY-00037-00010055-00010300 first ever match during the 1970s and
+dN3Cl51QdnY-00038-00010301-00010561 1980s the Soviet team began to improve
+dN3Cl51QdnY-00039-00010562-00010783 their performances often coming second
+dN3Cl51QdnY-00040-00010784-00010969 to France or third to Romania in the
+dN3Cl51QdnY-00041-00010970-00011266 Fira tournament unfortunately the team
+dN3Cl51QdnY-00042-00011267-00011455 were never given the opportunity to play
+dN3Cl51QdnY-00043-00011456-00011662 a tier 1 nation where test caps were
+dN3Cl51QdnY-00044-00011663-00012037 awarded the organizers of the 1987 Rugby
+dN3Cl51QdnY-00045-00012038-00012241 World Cup had intended to invite the
+dN3Cl51QdnY-00046-00012242-00012547 USSR as one of the participants however
+dN3Cl51QdnY-00047-00012548-00012784 before the invitation could be made the
+dN3Cl51QdnY-00048-00012785-00013035 USSR refused to take part on political
+dN3Cl51QdnY-00049-00013036-00013246 grounds allegedly due to the continued
+dN3Cl51QdnY-00050-00013247-00013528 IRB membership of South Africa the first
+dN3Cl51QdnY-00051-00013529-00013768 tournament was by invitation rather than
+dN3Cl51QdnY-00052-00013769-00013978 qualification and despite successes
+dN3Cl51QdnY-00053-00013979-00014172 against teams such as Italy and Romania
+dN3Cl51QdnY-00054-00014173-00014368 in the years leading up to the inaugural
+dN3Cl51QdnY-00055-00014369-00014742 Cup the USSR did not enter the Soviet
+dN3Cl51QdnY-00056-00014743-00014934 team did not attempt to qualify for the
+dN3Cl51QdnY-00057-00014935-00015288 1991 Rugby World Cup finals they played
+dN3Cl51QdnY-00058-00015290-00015361 their last game
+dN3Cl51QdnY-00059-00015362-00015555 against Spain in the firaon tournament
+dN3Cl51QdnY-00060-00015556-00015828 in November 1991 shortly before the
+dN3Cl51QdnY-00061-00015829-00016111 country's own dissolution the USSR's
+dN3Cl51QdnY-00062-00016112-00016314 successor was briefly the Commonwealth
+dN3Cl51QdnY-00063-00016315-00016516 of Independent States after which the
+dN3Cl51QdnY-00064-00016517-00016705 former constituent states formed their
+dN3Cl51QdnY-00065-00016706-00017044 own national teams the Soviet rugby team
+dN3Cl51QdnY-00066-00017045-00017278 visited Ireland in the United States for
+dN3Cl51QdnY-00067-00017279-00017980 the first time in 1991 to
+dN3Cl51QdnY-00068-00017981-00018795 topic the Fiat trophy 1974 to 1997
+dN3Cl51QdnY-00069-00018796-00019175 you
+dN3Cl51QdnY-00070-00019176-00019861 topic USSR tour to New Zealand
+dN3Cl51QdnY-00071-00019862-00020188 in 1991 in preparation for the second
+dN3Cl51QdnY-00072-00020189-00020397 Rugby World Cup in Britain France and
+dN3Cl51QdnY-00073-00020398-00020608 Ireland New Zealand hosted short tours
+dN3Cl51QdnY-00074-00020609-00020878 by Western Samoa Fiji Romania and the
+dN3Cl51QdnY-00075-00020879-00021163 USSR there were no matches of test
+dN3Cl51QdnY-00076-00021164-00021369 status played by New Zealand against the
+dN3Cl51QdnY-00077-00021370-00021607 tourists but a side designated a New
+dN3Cl51QdnY-00078-00021608-00021903 Zealand 15 met both the Romanian and
+dN3Cl51QdnY-00079-00021904-00022264 Soviet sides the USSR tour party
+dN3Cl51QdnY-00080-00022265-00022486 comprised 26 players and was led from
+dN3Cl51QdnY-00081-00022487-00022768 the front row by Sergei Molchanov they
+dN3Cl51QdnY-00082-00022769-00022966 won 4 and lost four of the eight matches
+dN3Cl51QdnY-00083-00022967-00023500 played May 25th w25 to 24v Nelson base
+dN3Cl51QdnY-00084-00023501-00023764 Nelson May 29th
+dN3Cl51QdnY-00085-00023765-00024277 w23 to 16 v Marlboro Blenheim June 1st L
+dN3Cl51QdnY-00086-00024278-00024711 15 to 73v Canterbury Christ Church June
+dN3Cl51QdnY-00087-00024712-00025116 5th w33 to 10 V mid Canterbury Ashburton
+dN3Cl51QdnY-00088-00025117-00025665 June 8 L 11 to 37 V Otago Dunedin June
+dN3Cl51QdnY-00089-00025666-00025734 12
+dN3Cl51QdnY-00090-00025735-00026184 l 16 to 39 V Taranaki New Plymouth June
+dN3Cl51QdnY-00091-00026185-00026265 16th
+dN3Cl51QdnY-00092-00026266-00026745 l 6 to 56 V New Zealand 15 Hamilton June
+dN3Cl51QdnY-00093-00026747-00026808 18th
+dN3Cl51QdnY-00094-00026810-00027217 w 22 to 15 V King country take we D the
+dN3Cl51QdnY-00095-00027218-00027394 tours gave the New Zealand selectors a
+dN3Cl51QdnY-00096-00027395-00027562 chance to gauge the form of players
+dN3Cl51QdnY-00097-00027563-00027714 likely to be on the periphery of
+dN3Cl51QdnY-00098-00027716-00028000 selection for the World Cup the teams in
+dN3Cl51QdnY-00099-00028001-00028168 the representative match you refer to
+dN3Cl51QdnY-00100-00028169-00028277 her as follows
+dN3Cl51QdnY-00101-00028278-00028710 June 16th 1991 at Rugby Park Hamilton
+dN3Cl51QdnY-00102-00028711-00029377 New Zealand 1556 8g to t USSR 6 1 PG 1
+dN3Cl51QdnY-00103-00029377-00029836 DG New Zealand 15 EJ Crossin ich Clarke
+dN3Cl51QdnY-00104-00029837-00030220 wk mon-sol TD l tag Aloha AF McCormack
+dN3Cl51QdnY-00105-00030220-00030577 JP Preston J a Hewitt om Brown and J
+dN3Cl51QdnY-00106-00030577-00030970 Hewitt mr Allen R M Brooke DW Mayhew MP
+dN3Cl51QdnY-00107-00030970-00031337 Carter WT Shelford captain WR Gordon
+dN3Cl51QdnY-00108-00031338-00031735 tries McCormick to Crossin to mon-sol to
+dN3Cl51QdnY-00109-00031736-00032125 tag Aloha to Shelford Carter conversions
+dN3Cl51QdnY-00110-00032126-00032593 Crossin 8 USSR v4 upaya a zacchara Luke
+dN3Cl51QdnY-00111-00032594-00032860 I Cooperman a Kovalenko I mironov s
+dN3Cl51QdnY-00112-00032861-00033124 bulld akov a kavika Belkin s
+dN3Cl51QdnY-00113-00033125-00033231 molten lava
+dN3Cl51QdnY-00114-00033232-00033480 captain our Big Bob s sergeyev Egan
+dN3Cl51QdnY-00115-00033481-00033726 Iacon V Meegan and a Agra Pskov eight
+dN3Cl51QdnY-00116-00033727-00033972 Tikhonov replacements used wine Nikolaev
+dN3Cl51QdnY-00117-00033973-00034328 visa cough penalty goal bold a cough
+dN3Cl51QdnY-00118-00034329-00034800 dropped goal Bulgakov referee mr. DJ
+dN3Cl51QdnY-00119-00034801-00035254 bishop
+dN3Cl51QdnY-00120-00035255-00035929 topic USSR tour to England
+dN3Cl51QdnY-00121-00035930-00036235 in September the USSR were guests of the
+dN3Cl51QdnY-00122-00036236-00036463 RFU and played the combined London old
+dN3Cl51QdnY-00123-00036464-00036676 boys at Crocs Lea Green omits ground
+dN3Cl51QdnY-00124-00036677-00036898 before meeting in England 15 in a World
+dN3Cl51QdnY-00125-00036899-00037096 Cup warm-up game at Twickenham where
+dN3Cl51QdnY-00126-00037097-00037348 they lost 53 to 0 to a full strength
+dN3Cl51QdnY-00127-00037349-00037987 side led by will Carlene
+dN3Cl51QdnY-00128-00037988-00038576 topic final games is sis
+dN3Cl51QdnY-00129-00038577-00038818 their last representative matches as a
+dN3Cl51QdnY-00130-00038819-00039005 United Soviet sideward during the
+dN3Cl51QdnY-00131-00039006-00039433 1991-92 season a team labeled sis
+dN3Cl51QdnY-00132-00039434-00039637 fulfilled their remaining Fiat
+dN3Cl51QdnY-00133-00039638-00039839 Championship fixtures against Italy
+dN3Cl51QdnY-00134-00039840-00040208 Spain Romania and France a Russia has
+dN3Cl51QdnY-00135-00040209-00040376 competed as a separate entity at
+dN3Cl51QdnY-00136-00040377-00041123 international level since 1992
+dN3Cl51QdnY-00137-00041124-00041693 topic notable players
+dN3Cl51QdnY-00138-00041694-00041983 200 Soviet players became masters of
+dN3Cl51QdnY-00139-00041984-00042445 sport three notable ones are BP gavrilov
+dN3Cl51QdnY-00140-00042446-00042871 BP gavrilov AG Grigoryants G Gregor Anka
+dN3Cl51QdnY-00141-00042872-00042898 I
+dN3Cl51QdnY-00142-00042899-00043495 Khazaria I Caesarea
+dN3Cl51QdnY-00143-00043496-00044064 topic successor teams
+dN3Cl51QdnY-00144-00044065-00044358 the rugby teams of the USSR's successor
+dN3Cl51QdnY-00145-00044359-00044579 states have had varying success
+dN3Cl51QdnY-00146-00044580-00044910 initially the former USSR competed under
+dN3Cl51QdnY-00147-00044911-00045062 the Commonwealth of Independent States
+dN3Cl51QdnY-00148-00045063-00045285 banner but this itself terminated in
+dN3Cl51QdnY-00149-00045286-00045746 1992 it had played four matches the most
+dN3Cl51QdnY-00150-00045747-00046101 successful successor rugby team has been
+dN3Cl51QdnY-00151-00046102-00046374 Georgia which competed in the 2003 Rugby
+dN3Cl51QdnY-00152-00046375-00046851 World Cup 2007 2011 2015 and 2019
+dN3Cl51QdnY-00153-00046852-00047037 they had a respectable performance
+dN3Cl51QdnY-00154-00047038-00047265 against Ireland and defeated Namibia
+dN3Cl51QdnY-00155-00047266-00047543 twice in 2007 and 2015
+dN3Cl51QdnY-00156-00047544-00047910 defeated Tonga 17 to 10 in 2015 the
+dN3Cl51QdnY-00157-00047911-00048156 Rugby World Cup coincidentally got going
+dN3Cl51QdnY-00158-00048157-00048309 at around the point that the Soviet
+dN3Cl51QdnY-00159-00048310-00048512 Union was disintegrating no other ex
+dN3Cl51QdnY-00160-00048513-00048702 Soviet team other than Georgia had ever
+dN3Cl51QdnY-00161-00048703-00048930 qualified until 2011 when Russia
+dN3Cl51QdnY-00162-00048931-00049143 qualified and the early World Cups were
+dN3Cl51QdnY-00163-00049144-00049398 also smaller tournaments the Georgia
+dN3Cl51QdnY-00164-00049399-00049712 rugby union was founded in 1964 but did
+dN3Cl51QdnY-00165-00049713-00049902 not compete as a national team during
+dN3Cl51QdnY-00166-00049903-00050199 the Soviet era as of the 3rd of March
+dN3Cl51QdnY-00167-00050200-00050487 2008 however Russia's form had improved
+dN3Cl51QdnY-00168-00050488-00050754 greatly being placed at 17th position in
+dN3Cl51QdnY-00169-00050755-00050970 the world rankings ahead of Portugal the
+dN3Cl51QdnY-00170-00050971-00051219 USA Japan and coming 1 point behind
+dN3Cl51QdnY-00171-00051220-00051778 Romania
+dN3Cl51QdnY-00172-00051779-00052302 topic ENC
+dN3Cl51QdnY-00173-00052303-00052529 the following successor teams are in the
+dN3Cl51QdnY-00174-00052530-00052866 European nations Cup Armenia national
+dN3Cl51QdnY-00175-00052866-00053199 rugby union team Azerbaijan national
+dN3Cl51QdnY-00176-00053200-00053526 rugby union team estonia national rugby
+dN3Cl51QdnY-00177-00053527-00053832 union team georgian national rugby union
+dN3Cl51QdnY-00178-00053833-00054233 team latvia national rugby union team
+dN3Cl51QdnY-00179-00054234-00054541 lithuania national rugby union team
+dN3Cl51QdnY-00180-00054542-00054909 moldova national rugby union team russia
+dN3Cl51QdnY-00181-00054910-00055209 national rugby union team ukraine
+dN3Cl51QdnY-00182-00055210-00055748 national rugby union team
+dN3Cl51QdnY-00183-00055749-00056312 topic nonny and see
+dN3Cl51QdnY-00184-00056313-00056636 kazakhstan national rugby union team
+dN3Cl51QdnY-00185-00056637-00056904 kyrgyzstan national rugby union team
+dN3Cl51QdnY-00186-00056904-00057166 whose becca stan national rugby union
+dN3Cl51QdnY-00187-00057166-00057400 team
+dN6-Q44yaFE-00000-00000000-00000188 marketing wizard Jim Ackerman here with
+dN6-Q44yaFE-00001-00000189-00000394 yet another marketing tip of the day and
+dN6-Q44yaFE-00002-00000395-00000790 here i am at the parade pioneer day in
+dN6-Q44yaFE-00003-00000791-00000998 logan utah now what's pioneer day not
+dN6-Q44yaFE-00004-00000999-00001166 everybody gets that that's unique to
+dN6-Q44yaFE-00005-00001167-00001558 utah special holiday for the state of
+dN6-Q44yaFE-00006-00001559-00001780 utah celebrating the entrance of the
+dN6-Q44yaFE-00007-00001782-00002014 pioneers into the salt lake valley but
+dN6-Q44yaFE-00008-00002016-00002338 what we've got me man is here is classic
+dN6-Q44yaFE-00009-00002339-00002747 parade marketing as you see these floats
+dN6-Q44yaFE-00010-00002748-00003076 and trucks and cars and everything come
+dN6-Q44yaFE-00011-00003077-00003269 on down the road most of them are
+dN6-Q44yaFE-00012-00003270-00003656 handing out stuff like this now I'm not
+dN6-Q44yaFE-00013-00003657-00003890 saying it's particularly well executed
+dN6-Q44yaFE-00014-00003890-00004169 it's a terrific way to get the word out
+dN6-Q44yaFE-00015-00004170-00004431 about your business I hope the
+dN6-Q44yaFE-00016-00004432-00004697 chiropractor do this a few years ago and
+dN6-Q44yaFE-00017-00004698-00004970 it doubled his business but the secret
+dN6-Q44yaFE-00018-00004971-00005261 was in how he proved it off and what he
+dN6-Q44yaFE-00019-00005262-00005516 did to pull it off was to make assured
+dN6-Q44yaFE-00020-00005517-00005702 that there was a special offer that was
+dN6-Q44yaFE-00021-00005703-00005873 compelling enough yet he
+dN6-Q44yaFE-00022-00005874-00006306 what was his offer a free massage a free
+dN6-Q44yaFE-00023-00006307-00006636 30 minute massage that's no that's not
+dN6-Q44yaFE-00024-00006637-00006915 handing out candy it's not a little ten
+dN6-Q44yaFE-00025-00006916-00007161 percent discount it was enough of a
+dN6-Q44yaFE-00026-00007162-00007356 compelling offer to get people in the
+dN6-Q44yaFE-00027-00007356-00007623 door and introduced into his services
+dN6-Q44yaFE-00028-00007623-00008734 and that's your marketing tip of the day
+dN6-Q44yaFE-00029-00008735-00008940 you
+dNp7FYH-IOI-00000-00000120-00002206 [Applause]
+dNp7FYH-IOI-00001-00002207-00002883 [Music]
+dNp7FYH-IOI-00002-00002884-00004283 hey
+dNp7FYH-IOI-00003-00004284-00005683 [Music]
+dNp7FYH-IOI-00004-00005684-00007083 so
+dNp7FYH-IOI-00005-00007084-00008483 do
+dNp7FYH-IOI-00006-00008484-00008637 so
+dNp7FYH-IOI-00007-00008638-00009883 [Music]
+dNp7FYH-IOI-00008-00009884-00011283 so
+dNp7FYH-IOI-00009-00011284-00014247 so
+dNp7FYH-IOI-00010-00014247-00015483 [Music]
+dNp7FYH-IOI-00011-00015484-00016883 so
+dNp7FYH-IOI-00012-00016884-00017022 so
+dNp7FYH-IOI-00014-00021084-00022597 so
+dNp7FYH-IOI-00015-00022598-00024907 [Music]
+dNp7FYH-IOI-00016-00024908-00025208 do
+dNvTt9VEH04-00000-00000000-00000209 if you look up the definition of tech
+dNvTt9VEH04-00001-00000210-00000407 sales on Google you'll see that Tech
+dNvTt9VEH04-00002-00000408-00000587 sales is the process of selling
+dNvTt9VEH04-00003-00000588-00000833 technology as a software Hardware or an
+dNvTt9VEH04-00004-00000834-00001007 I.T service and there are many different
+dNvTt9VEH04-00005-00001008-00001187 names for those who work in Tech sales
+dNvTt9VEH04-00006-00001188-00001415 it can be referred to as technical sales
+dNvTt9VEH04-00007-00001416-00001739 technology sales software sales and some
+dNvTt9VEH04-00008-00001739-00001901 of the entry-level roles are business
+dNvTt9VEH04-00009-00001902-00002117 development representative or software
+dNvTt9VEH04-00010-00002118-00002273 development representative and if you
+dNvTt9VEH04-00011-00002274-00002434 work in Tech sales you'll typically be
+dNvTt9VEH04-00012-00002435-00002663 selling to other businesses this is
+dNvTt9VEH04-00013-00002664-00002999 known as B2B sales as opposed to B to C
+dNvTt9VEH04-00014-00003000-00003233 B to C means business to customer this
+dNvTt9VEH04-00015-00003234-00003388 would be a typical sales job like
+dNvTt9VEH04-00016-00003389-00003611 working at a cell phone store or being a
+dNvTt9VEH04-00017-00003611-00003869 used car salesman B2B means business to
+dNvTt9VEH04-00018-00003870-00004013 business this is the type of selling
+dNvTt9VEH04-00019-00004014-00004181 that you would be doing in Tech sales
+dNvTt9VEH04-00020-00004182-00004372 business to business tends to be much
+dNvTt9VEH04-00021-00004373-00004583 higher ticket sales so with each sale
+dNvTt9VEH04-00022-00004584-00004751 you would have a much larger commission
+dNvTt9VEH04-00023-00004752-00005020 plus it tends to be a lot less pushy and
+dNvTt9VEH04-00024-00005021-00005219 a lot more about understanding what your
+dNvTt9VEH04-00025-00005220-00005422 customers needs are and how your company
+dNvTt9VEH04-00026-00005423-00005645 can best solve their problems so what
+dNvTt9VEH04-00027-00005646-00005818 are some of the steps in the tech sales
+dNvTt9VEH04-00028-00005819-00006136 cycle finding leads contacting leads
+dNvTt9VEH04-00029-00006137-00006377 creating sales reports coordinating with
+dNvTt9VEH04-00030-00006378-00006569 other members of the sales and marketing
+dNvTt9VEH04-00031-00006570-00006755 team building a strong and stable
+dNvTt9VEH04-00032-00006756-00007001 clientele managing the clientele to make
+dNvTt9VEH04-00033-00007002-00007169 sure that they're happy holding meetings
+dNvTt9VEH04-00034-00007170-00007342 with your clients which sometimes might
+dNvTt9VEH04-00035-00007343-00007523 involve traveling studying and
+dNvTt9VEH04-00036-00007523-00007739 understanding your clients businesses as
+dNvTt9VEH04-00037-00007740-00007901 well as the industries that they're in
+dNvTt9VEH04-00038-00007902-00008123 and sometimes even helping the rest of
+dNvTt9VEH04-00039-00008123-00008285 the company to create products in order
+dNvTt9VEH04-00040-00008286-00008513 to solve your clients problems now you
+dNvTt9VEH04-00041-00008514-00008723 might be wondering why am I even talking
+dNvTt9VEH04-00042-00008724-00008927 about tech sales well the reason I'm
+dNvTt9VEH04-00043-00008928-00009095 talking about tech sales right now on
+dNvTt9VEH04-00044-00009096-00009335 this channel is because put simply it's
+dNvTt9VEH04-00045-00009336-00009539 by far one of the best opportunities
+dNvTt9VEH04-00046-00009540-00009731 right now there are 18 year olds that
+dNvTt9VEH04-00047-00009732-00009905 are going into Tech sales and making
+dNvTt9VEH04-00048-00009906-00010078 somewhere between eighty and a hundred
+dNvTt9VEH04-00049-00010079-00010264 thousand dollars after their first year
+dNvTt9VEH04-00050-00010265-00010445 I recently did an interview on this
+dNvTt9VEH04-00051-00010446-00010649 channel with Della who is a stay-at-home
+dNvTt9VEH04-00052-00010650-00010871 mom going to college who decided to get
+dNvTt9VEH04-00053-00010872-00011081 into Tech sales and landed a six-figure
+dNvTt9VEH04-00054-00011082-00011296 job with her dream company within a
+dNvTt9VEH04-00055-00011297-00011513 month and a half so not only is there a
+dNvTt9VEH04-00056-00011514-00011674 very low barrier to entry where you
+dNvTt9VEH04-00057-00011675-00011837 don't need a college degree or any
+dNvTt9VEH04-00058-00011838-00012053 previous experience but on on top of
+dNvTt9VEH04-00059-00012054-00012209 that you can make really good money
+dNvTt9VEH04-00060-00012210-00012401 right off the bat and it's not just the
+dNvTt9VEH04-00061-00012402-00012569 entry level job that pays well I've
+dNvTt9VEH04-00062-00012570-00012701 interviewed other people on this channel
+dNvTt9VEH04-00063-00012702-00012863 for instance someone who is four years
+dNvTt9VEH04-00064-00012863-00013030 in making around two hundred and twenty
+dNvTt9VEH04-00065-00013031-00013199 thousand dollars a year and somebody who
+dNvTt9VEH04-00066-00013200-00013372 had some background experience and was
+dNvTt9VEH04-00067-00013373-00013516 about five years into their Tech sales
+dNvTt9VEH04-00068-00013518-00013744 career making over five hundred and
+dNvTt9VEH04-00069-00013745-00013925 forty thousand dollars a year so with
+dNvTt9VEH04-00070-00013926-00014111 all this opportunity and Tech sales why
+dNvTt9VEH04-00071-00014112-00014327 isn't everyone going into it well first
+dNvTt9VEH04-00072-00014328-00014519 of all it's not that well known and
+dNvTt9VEH04-00073-00014519-00014669 second of all a lot of people don't
+dNvTt9VEH04-00074-00014669-00014825 think that they have the skills to do
+dNvTt9VEH04-00075-00014826-00015016 well in Tech sales and to be honest
+dNvTt9VEH04-00076-00015018-00015227 sales isn't for everyone so here are
+dNvTt9VEH04-00077-00015228-00015335 some of the skills that you would need
+dNvTt9VEH04-00078-00015336-00015527 to develop in order to be successful in
+dNvTt9VEH04-00079-00015528-00015736 Tech sales obviously you'd have to have
+dNvTt9VEH04-00080-00015737-00015916 some technical sales skills you'd also
+dNvTt9VEH04-00081-00015918-00016085 want to have good interpersonal skills
+dNvTt9VEH04-00082-00016086-00016253 you want to be the type of person who
+dNvTt9VEH04-00083-00016254-00016433 likes to learn every single day and has
+dNvTt9VEH04-00084-00016434-00016583 a willingness to always learn new
+dNvTt9VEH04-00085-00016584-00016769 products due to the constant innovation
+dNvTt9VEH04-00086-00016770-00016919 in the tech world you have to have
+dNvTt9VEH04-00087-00016920-00017111 decent levels of literacy and a basic
+dNvTt9VEH04-00088-00017112-00017315 understanding of Technology you have to
+dNvTt9VEH04-00089-00017316-00017513 have the capability of using sales tools
+dNvTt9VEH04-00090-00017514-00017693 in order to Aid the sales transaction
+dNvTt9VEH04-00091-00017694-00017867 and most of all you need to have a
+dNvTt9VEH04-00092-00017868-00018100 passion for solving problem and selling
+dNvTt9VEH04-00093-00018101-00018317 to your clients so what are some of the
+dNvTt9VEH04-00094-00018318-00018515 jobs within Tech sales well I already
+dNvTt9VEH04-00095-00018516-00018653 mentioned two of the names for the
+dNvTt9VEH04-00096-00018654-00018833 entry-level jobs and they're essentially
+dNvTt9VEH04-00097-00018834-00018983 the same thing but at different
+dNvTt9VEH04-00098-00018984-00019139 companies they might have slightly
+dNvTt9VEH04-00099-00019140-00019325 different job descriptions so for
+dNvTt9VEH04-00100-00019326-00019444 instance sales development
+dNvTt9VEH04-00101-00019445-00019625 representative and Business Development
+dNvTt9VEH04-00102-00019626-00019841 representative are almost the same these
+dNvTt9VEH04-00103-00019842-00020122 are also known as SDR and bdr at some
+dNvTt9VEH04-00104-00020123-00020333 companies sdrs might convert hot and
+dNvTt9VEH04-00105-00020334-00020489 cold leads to leads that are sales
+dNvTt9VEH04-00106-00020490-00020747 qualified and at some companies bdrs
+dNvTt9VEH04-00107-00020748-00020914 handle initial contact with potential
+dNvTt9VEH04-00108-00020915-00021089 clients and that basically means that
+dNvTt9VEH04-00109-00021090-00021239 they Outreach to people and collect
+dNvTt9VEH04-00110-00021240-00021407 leads another position you might move
+dNvTt9VEH04-00111-00021408-00021653 into is inside sales representative they
+dNvTt9VEH04-00112-00021654-00021850 tend to not meet clients in person but
+dNvTt9VEH04-00113-00021851-00021971 they do handle them through the
+dNvTt9VEH04-00114-00021972-00022175 telephone or online a step up from this
+dNvTt9VEH04-00115-00022176-00022403 would be an account executive these are
+dNvTt9VEH04-00116-00022404-00022528 typically the ones that would actually
+dNvTt9VEH04-00117-00022529-00022733 be speaking to the clients once they're
+dNvTt9VEH04-00118-00022734-00022907 qualified a step up from this would be
+dNvTt9VEH04-00119-00022908-00023086 an account manager account managers
+dNvTt9VEH04-00120-00023087-00023243 would typically handle post-sale
+dNvTt9VEH04-00121-00023244-00023393 transactions to assure customer
+dNvTt9VEH04-00122-00023394-00023578 satisfaction and down the line there
+dNvTt9VEH04-00123-00023579-00023794 would be even yet other positions for
+dNvTt9VEH04-00124-00023795-00023999 instance customer success managers
+dNvTt9VEH04-00125-00024000-00024250 renewal Specialists Business Development
+dNvTt9VEH04-00126-00024251-00024550 managers sales managers sales directors
+dNvTt9VEH04-00127-00024551-00024857 VP of Sales Country manager strategic
+dNvTt9VEH04-00128-00024858-00025078 partnership managers and strategic
+dNvTt9VEH04-00129-00025079-00025283 Alliance managers and in some of these
+dNvTt9VEH04-00130-00025284-00025463 higher level positions you can literally
+dNvTt9VEH04-00131-00025464-00025727 make over a million dollars a year and
+dNvTt9VEH04-00132-00025727-00025955 in rare cases over 10 million but
+dNvTt9VEH04-00133-00025956-00026111 typically lower level Tech sales
+dNvTt9VEH04-00134-00026112-00026231 representatives are going to make
+dNvTt9VEH04-00135-00026232-00026423 somewhere between fifty and eighty
+dNvTt9VEH04-00136-00026424-00026620 thousand dollars a year and after a year
+dNvTt9VEH04-00137-00026622-00026795 or two it's very common to see people
+dNvTt9VEH04-00138-00026795-00027107 break into the 100 000 a year range now
+dNvTt9VEH04-00139-00027108-00027293 I have an entire playlist of people who
+dNvTt9VEH04-00140-00027294-00027455 have broken into Tech sales you should
+dNvTt9VEH04-00141-00027456-00027605 definitely check that out because it's
+dNvTt9VEH04-00142-00027606-00027785 extremely insightful one of the people I
+dNvTt9VEH04-00143-00027786-00027977 interviewed was my friend Troy who owns
+dNvTt9VEH04-00144-00027977-00028127 the company course careers which
+dNvTt9VEH04-00145-00028127-00028324 specializes in getting people into Tech
+dNvTt9VEH04-00146-00028325-00028517 sales they not only train people but
+dNvTt9VEH04-00147-00028518-00028720 they also get them guaranteed interviews
+dNvTt9VEH04-00148-00028722-00028907 at their partner companies now many Tech
+dNvTt9VEH04-00149-00028908-00029093 sales boot camps out there are twenty
+dNvTt9VEH04-00150-00029094-00029273 thousand dollars sometimes even twenty
+dNvTt9VEH04-00151-00029274-00029495 five or thirty thousand dollars however
+dNvTt9VEH04-00152-00029495-00029717 Troy's company only charges four hundred
+dNvTt9VEH04-00153-00029718-00029902 and fifty dollars and luckily Troy did
+dNvTt9VEH04-00154-00029904-00030046 create a free training if you're
+dNvTt9VEH04-00155-00030047-00030161 interested in figuring out whether
+dNvTt9VEH04-00156-00030162-00030364 textiles is a good fit for you you can
+dNvTt9VEH04-00157-00030366-00030490 check that out down in the description
+dNvTt9VEH04-00158-00030491-00030658 as well as the pinned comment and if you
+dNvTt9VEH04-00159-00030660-00030820 choose to use their service you can use
+dNvTt9VEH04-00160-00030822-00031114 my coupon code Shane 50 for 50 off check
+dNvTt9VEH04-00161-00031116-00031229 out the playlist of people who have
+dNvTt9VEH04-00162-00031230-00031402 gotten into textiles right here and I'll
+dNvTt9VEH04-00163-00031404-00031669 see you next time
+dOP7RUDl49I-00000-00000052-00000321 Lenz's law named after the physicist
+dOP7RUDl49I-00001-00000322-00000591 emil lens pronounced who formulated it
+dOP7RUDl49I-00002-00000592-00000885 in 1834 states that the direction of the
+dOP7RUDl49I-00003-00000886-00001068 current induced in a conductor by a
+dOP7RUDl49I-00004-00001069-00001304 changing magnetic field as such that the
+dOP7RUDl49I-00005-00001305-00001515 magnetic field created by the induced
+dOP7RUDl49I-00006-00001516-00001739 current opposes the initial changing
+dOP7RUDl49I-00007-00001741-00002076 magnetic field it is a qualitative law
+dOP7RUDl49I-00008-00002077-00002277 that specifies the direction of induced
+dOP7RUDl49I-00009-00002278-00002496 current but states nothing about its
+dOP7RUDl49I-00010-00002497-00002796 magnitude Lenz's law explains the
+dOP7RUDl49I-00011-00002797-00002952 direction of many effects in
+dOP7RUDl49I-00012-00002953-00003183 electromagnetism such as the direction
+dOP7RUDl49I-00013-00003184-00003386 of voltage induced in an inductor or
+dOP7RUDl49I-00014-00003388-00003611 wire loop by a changing current or the
+dOP7RUDl49I-00015-00003613-00003834 drag force of eddy currents exerted on
+dOP7RUDl49I-00016-00003835-00004100 moving objects in a magnetic field
+dOP7RUDl49I-00017-00004101-00004380 Lenz's law may be seen as analogous to
+dOP7RUDl49I-00018-00004381-00005156 Newton's third law in classic mechanics
+dOP7RUDl49I-00019-00005157-00005675 topic definition
+dOP7RUDl49I-00020-00005676-00005897 Lenz's law states that the current
+dOP7RUDl49I-00021-00005898-00006140 induced in a circuit due to a change or
+dOP7RUDl49I-00022-00006141-00006343 a motion in a magnetic field as so
+dOP7RUDl49I-00023-00006344-00006566 directed as to oppose the change in flux
+dOP7RUDl49I-00024-00006567-00006830 and to exert a mechanical force opposing
+dOP7RUDl49I-00025-00006831-00007166 the motion Lenz's law is contained in
+dOP7RUDl49I-00026-00007167-00007360 the rigorous treatment of Faraday's law
+dOP7RUDl49I-00027-00007361-00007588 of induction where it finds expression
+dOP7RUDl49I-00028-00007589-00007892 by the negative sign which indicates
+dOP7RUDl49I-00029-00007893-00008277 that the induced electro-motive force e
+dOP7RUDl49I-00030-00008278-00008671 display style math call e and the rate
+dOP7RUDl49I-00031-00008672-00009274 of change in magnetic flux phi b display
+dOP7RUDl49I-00032-00009275-00009680 style phi underscore math bfb have
+dOP7RUDl49I-00033-00009681-00009884 opposite signs this means that the
+dOP7RUDl49I-00034-00009885-00010118 direction of the back EMF of an induced
+dOP7RUDl49I-00035-00010119-00010343 field opposes the changing current that
+dOP7RUDl49I-00036-00010344-00010685 is its cause DJ Griffiths summarized it
+dOP7RUDl49I-00037-00010686-00010921 as follows nature abhors a change in
+dOP7RUDl49I-00038-00010922-00011128 flux if a change in the magnetic field
+dOP7RUDl49I-00039-00011129-00011413 of current i1 induces another electric
+dOP7RUDl49I-00040-00011414-00011666 current i2 the direction of i2 as
+dOP7RUDl49I-00041-00011667-00011905 opposite that of the change in i1 if
+dOP7RUDl49I-00042-00011906-00012155 these currents are in two coaxial
+dOP7RUDl49I-00043-00012156-00012385 circular conductors 1 & 2 respectively
+dOP7RUDl49I-00044-00012386-00012646 and both are initially 0 then the
+dOP7RUDl49I-00045-00012647-00012916 currents i1 and i2 must counter rotate
+dOP7RUDl49I-00046-00012917-00013178 the opposing currents will repel each
+dOP7RUDl49I-00047-00013179-00013751 other as a result
+dOP7RUDl49I-00048-00013752-00014237 topic example
+dOP7RUDl49I-00049-00014238-00014480 currents bound inside the atoms of
+dOP7RUDl49I-00050-00014481-00014650 strong magnets can create
+dOP7RUDl49I-00051-00014651-00014863 counter-rotating currents in a copper or
+dOP7RUDl49I-00052-00014865-00015191 aluminum pipe this is shown by dropping
+dOP7RUDl49I-00053-00015191-00015407 the magnet through the pipe the descent
+dOP7RUDl49I-00054-00015408-00015584 of the magnet inside the pipe as
+dOP7RUDl49I-00055-00015585-00015772 observably slower than when dropped
+dOP7RUDl49I-00056-00015774-00016069 outside the pipe when a voltage is
+dOP7RUDl49I-00057-00016071-00016280 generated by a change in magnetic flux
+dOP7RUDl49I-00058-00016281-00016541 according to Faraday's law the polarity
+dOP7RUDl49I-00059-00016542-00016745 of the induced voltage as such that it
+dOP7RUDl49I-00060-00016746-00016967 produces a current whose magnetic field
+dOP7RUDl49I-00061-00016968-00017276 opposes the change which produces it the
+dOP7RUDl49I-00062-00017277-00017522 induced magnetic field inside any loop
+dOP7RUDl49I-00063-00017523-00017771 of wire always acts to keep the magnetic
+dOP7RUDl49I-00064-00017772-00018032 flux in the loop constant in the
+dOP7RUDl49I-00065-00018033-00018245 examples below if the flux is increasing
+dOP7RUDl49I-00066-00018246-00018533 the induced field acts in opposition to
+dOP7RUDl49I-00067-00018534-00018845 it if it is decreasing the induced field
+dOP7RUDl49I-00068-00018846-00019004 acts in the direction of the applied
+dOP7RUDl49I-00069-00019005-00019710 field to oppose the change
+dOP7RUDl49I-00070-00019711-00020052 topic detailed interaction of charges in
+dOP7RUDl49I-00071-00020053-00020234 these currents
+dOP7RUDl49I-00072-00020235-00020486 you
+dOP7RUDl49I-00073-00020487-00020771 in electromagnetism when charges move
+dOP7RUDl49I-00074-00020772-00021008 along electric field lines work is done
+dOP7RUDl49I-00075-00021009-00021205 on them whether it involves storing
+dOP7RUDl49I-00076-00021206-00021422 potential energy negative work or
+dOP7RUDl49I-00077-00021423-00021705 increasing kinetic energy positive work
+dOP7RUDl49I-00078-00021706-00022000 when net positive work is applied to a
+dOP7RUDl49I-00079-00022001-00022272 charge q1 it gains speed and momentum
+dOP7RUDl49I-00080-00022273-00022628 the network on q1 thereby generates a
+dOP7RUDl49I-00081-00022629-00022841 magnetic field whose strength in units
+dOP7RUDl49I-00082-00022842-00023122 of magnetic flux density 1 Tesla equals
+dOP7RUDl49I-00083-00023123-00023353 1 volt second per square meter is
+dOP7RUDl49I-00084-00023354-00023622 proportional to the speed increase of q1
+dOP7RUDl49I-00085-00023623-00023921 this magnetic field can interact with a
+dOP7RUDl49I-00086-00023922-00024169 neighboring charge q2 passing on this
+dOP7RUDl49I-00087-00024170-00024355 momentum to it and in return
+dOP7RUDl49I-00088-00024356-00024772 q1 loses momentum the charge q2 can also
+dOP7RUDl49I-00089-00024773-00025058 act on q1 in a similar manner by which
+dOP7RUDl49I-00090-00025059-00025261 it returns some of the momentum that it
+dOP7RUDl49I-00091-00025262-00025586 received from q1 this back-and-forth
+dOP7RUDl49I-00092-00025587-00025811 component of momentum contributes to
+dOP7RUDl49I-00093-00025812-00026114 magnetic inductance The Closer that q1
+dOP7RUDl49I-00094-00026114-00026437 and q2 are the greater the effect when
+dOP7RUDl49I-00095-00026438-00026711 q2 is inside a conductive medium such as
+dOP7RUDl49I-00096-00026712-00026960 a thick slab made of copper or aluminum
+dOP7RUDl49I-00097-00026961-00027173 it more readily responds to the force
+dOP7RUDl49I-00098-00027174-00027565 applied to it by q1 the energy of q1 is
+dOP7RUDl49I-00099-00027566-00027808 not instantly consumed as heat generated
+dOP7RUDl49I-00100-00027810-00028058 by the current of q2 but is also stored
+dOP7RUDl49I-00101-00028058-00028358 in two opposing magnetic fields the
+dOP7RUDl49I-00102-00028358-00028607 energy density of magnetic fields tends
+dOP7RUDl49I-00103-00028608-00028808 to vary with the square of the magnetic
+dOP7RUDl49I-00104-00028808-00029060 fields intensity however in the case of
+dOP7RUDl49I-00105-00029061-00029300 magnetically nonlinear materials such as
+dOP7RUDl49I-00106-00029301-00029543 ferromagnets and superconductors this
+dOP7RUDl49I-00107-00029544-00030211 relationship breaks down
+dOP7RUDl49I-00108-00030212-00030830 topic conservation of momentum
+dOP7RUDl49I-00109-00030831-00031061 momentum must be conserved in the
+dOP7RUDl49I-00110-00031062-00031133 process
+dOP7RUDl49I-00111-00031133-00031397 so if q1 is pushed in one direction then
+dOP7RUDl49I-00112-00031398-00031598 q2 ought to be pushed in the other
+dOP7RUDl49I-00113-00031599-00031820 direction by the same force at the same
+dOP7RUDl49I-00114-00031820-00032170 time however the situation becomes more
+dOP7RUDl49I-00115-00032172-00032389 complicated when the finite speed of
+dOP7RUDl49I-00116-00032391-00032597 electromagnetic wave propagation has
+dOP7RUDl49I-00117-00032598-00032912 introduced C potential this
+dOP7RUDl49I-00118-00032913-00033143 means that for a brief period the total
+dOP7RUDl49I-00119-00033144-00033335 momentum of the two charges has not
+dOP7RUDl49I-00120-00033336-00033536 conserved implying that the difference
+dOP7RUDl49I-00121-00033537-00033743 should be accounted for by momentum in
+dOP7RUDl49I-00122-00033744-00033965 the fields as asserted by Richard P
+dOP7RUDl49I-00123-00033966-00034270 Feynman famous 19th century
+dOP7RUDl49I-00124-00034271-00034448 electrodynamics James Clerk Maxwell
+dOP7RUDl49I-00125-00034449-00034801 called this the electromagnetic momentum
+dOP7RUDl49I-00126-00034802-00035090 yet such a treatment of fields may be
+dOP7RUDl49I-00127-00035091-00035333 necessary when lenses law as applied to
+dOP7RUDl49I-00128-00035334-00035657 opposite charges it is normally assumed
+dOP7RUDl49I-00129-00035658-00035855 that the charges in question have the
+dOP7RUDl49I-00130-00035856-00036137 same sign if they do not such as a
+dOP7RUDl49I-00131-00036138-00036386 proton and an electron the interaction
+dOP7RUDl49I-00132-00036387-00036680 is different an electron generating a
+dOP7RUDl49I-00133-00036681-00036917 magnetic field would generate an EMF
+dOP7RUDl49I-00134-00036918-00037151 that causes a proton to accelerate in
+dOP7RUDl49I-00135-00037152-00037375 the same direction as the electron at
+dOP7RUDl49I-00136-00037376-00037667 first this might seem to violate the law
+dOP7RUDl49I-00137-00037668-00037907 of conservation of momentum but such an
+dOP7RUDl49I-00138-00037908-00038102 interaction is seen to conserve momentum
+dOP7RUDl49I-00139-00038103-00038339 if the momentum of electromagnetic
+dOP7RUDl49I-00140-00038340-00038672 fields is taken into account
+dUCwuxAKNWI-00000-00000065-00000316 it's been over a year since the master
+dUCwuxAKNWI-00001-00000317-00000419 left
+dUCwuxAKNWI-00002-00000420-00001359 it's time for me to fulfill my true role
+dUCwuxAKNWI-00003-00001360-00001875 [Music]
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00000-00000006-00000569 this is part 2 of Leo Steadman's life he
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00001-00000570-00000763 was my grandfather and if you can catch
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00002-00000764-00001000 part 1 you can find it in the playlist
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00003-00001001-00001331 this is a continuation of life before
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00004-00001332-00001798 the depression so my grandpa talks about
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00005-00001798-00002065 growing up at a time where they had like
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00006-00002066-00002324 one phone for the entire town and
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00007-00002325-00002546 everybody split a line and how something
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00008-00002547-00002771 like major like an airplane flying over
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00009-00002772-00002884 would be a big deal because you're
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00010-00002885-00003518 talking this is between about late 1910s
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00011-00003519-00003961 to early 1920s and he talks about what
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00012-00003962-00004136 life was like back then in high school
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00013-00004137-00004472 and the kind of jobs he had it it's
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00014-00004473-00004795 really interesting as a snapshot of that
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00015-00004796-00005131 time period so I hope you enjoy it and
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00016-00005132-00005366 as I said I really love my pop it was
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00017-00005367-00005552 it's really fun to watch all this stuff
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00018-00005553-00005927 and I put in old pictures where I I have
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00019-00005928-00006251 them I'm hoping they're accurate but if
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00020-00006252-00006514 you guys watch this and I messed up a
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00021-00006515-00006695 picture too just just let me know in the
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00022-00006695-00007526 comments okay enjoy it was a party lag
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00023-00007527-00007838 where you rang and our ring still
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00024-00007839-00008203 remember too long to sharks how many
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00025-00008204-00008357 other people did you Sharon well I don't
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00026-00008358-00008513 know there's a whole of farmers around
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00027-00008514-00008732 there was on that line did they pick up
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00028-00008733-00009180 and with some of your cause
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00029-00009181-00009468 that emergency or anything there general
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00030-00009469-00009732 information to have a general ring a lot
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00031-00009733-00009969 of short grain just continuing everybody
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00032-00009970-00010359 go on the line and then say Trudeau that
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00033-00010360-00010509 give you a lot of our information they
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00034-00010510-00010846 had sometimes it was social sometimes in
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00035-00010847-00011124 this airplane coming over
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00036-00011125-00011639 everybody going outside look at airplane
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00037-00011640-00011889 did they record either a tornado
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00038-00011890-00012098 ha did they ever call you a poor tornado
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00039-00012099-00012408 the tornado has been spotted no I don't
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00040-00012409-00012576 remember what they did or not we had
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00041-00012577-00012879 tornado I remember what a tornado came
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00042-00012880-00013172 we were had this cellar every time
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00043-00013173-00013428 carnita before he come we all went to
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00044-00013429-00013916 the cellar and luck would have it the
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00045-00013916-00014238 dad tore up our summer was cementing it
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00046-00014238-00014469 making a concrete summer in the place
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00047-00014469-00014805 where we could go kept all them from
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00048-00014806-00015057 things down there potatoes and things
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00049-00015058-00015528 and little anyway we think was torn up
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00050-00015529-00016041 and one night the storm started and it
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00051-00016041-00016452 was a tornado coming we had no place to
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00052-00016453-00016791 go so we stayed together we went back to
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00053-00016792-00016871 bed
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00054-00016872-00017217 all the bit had a big big one to the
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00055-00017218-00017475 front room and blew that out that put up
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00056-00017476-00017763 I came that close to your house put it
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00057-00017764-00017985 in a cotton sack over we all went back
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00058-00017986-00018210 to bed next morning we got out the barn
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00059-00018211-00018519 but our yard later
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00060-00018520-00018847 yeah the her yard away it was gone wow
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00061-00018848-00019242 what are the chicks house was gone we
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00062-00019243-00019674 got the spared the house and us did you
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00063-00019675-00019913 lose your animals and all that stuff all
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00064-00019914-00020100 wrong we found
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00065-00020101-00020447 horses
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00066-00020448-00020730 so for Nadeau camera than 100 or so few
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00067-00020731-00021378 oh yeah Wow did you ever see one did you
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00068-00021379-00021711 rob a cop yeah wait you can look it up
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00069-00021712-00022058 see them come it's pretty awesome
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00070-00022059-00022280 oh yeah everybody stand outside the
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00071-00022281-00022536 cellar run down the cellar and I got to
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00072-00022537-00022712 close but that was the only one who ever
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00073-00022713-00022925 get into our pledge what was it what was
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00074-00022926-00023100 the very first time you ever saw an
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00075-00023101-00025436 automobile I don't and the horses ran
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00076-00025437-00025839 away with him pulled him over the buggy
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00077-00025839-00026202 and broke his shoulder threw it out of
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00078-00026202-00026439 place or something he got mad and
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00079-00026439-00026673 trimmed it off the budding fun came back
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00080-00026674-00026870 to my little bottom Teager in here
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00081-00026872-00027368 murderer was and that was the first so
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00082-00027369-00027504 none of you knew he was gonna come back
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00083-00027505-00027867 with a car he just did I had we there
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00084-00027868-00028029 wasn't many about the only other person
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00085-00028030-00028343 around their head what we could see was
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00086-00028344-00028854 the doctor yeah back in the old ruts in
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00087-00028855-00029199 this road you had your rut for the
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00088-00029200-00029262 kick-drum
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00089-00029263-00029505 it was only you get no direct you
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00090-00029506-00029760 couldn't get out of that car and the
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00091-00029761-00029918 people some of the farmers would be
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00092-00029919-00030137 jealous they drive up pull halfway out
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00093-00030138-00030593 her and her wagon and buggy and you'd be
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00094-00030594-00031220 stuck there trying to get but that was
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00095-00031222-00031449 the first part
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00096-00031450-00031674 don't take rides in it when you first
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00097-00031675-00031820 got off the John take rides in it
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00098-00031822-00032120 oh I always go to town once and once a
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00099-00032122-00032420 week boy went to town ten months how'd
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00100-00032422-00032883 you get gets ten-mile what we were
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00101-00032884-00033099 running if you get out that would suck
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00102-00033100-00033432 we're going to town boys hang around
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00103-00033433-00033708 Baba she would give us a dime apiece and
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00104-00033709-00034055 we'd go to the movie where did you watch
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00105-00034056-00034577 movies
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00106-00034578-00035403 No hello 14 year old when we talk about
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00107-00035404-00035721 like 1924 you still on the farm now
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00108-00035722-00035955 until your age 12 he said yeah what was
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00109-00035956-00036207 your mother's day like in the farm she
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00110-00036208-00036704 work yeah she drives the team's work
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00111-00036705-00037337 feels my first jobs is a little child
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00112-00037338-00037926 little I was what six or so I was to
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00113-00037927-00038112 cook the beans and things while they
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00114-00038113-00038526 were out working I clean the kitchen you
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00115-00038527-00038676 actually did the cooking that sings like
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00116-00038677-00039696 a finish yeah we had a once told you had
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00117-00039697-00040110 a well windmill you guys dug your well
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00118-00040111-00040431 oh yeah we're good well and good water
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00119-00040432-00040806 and it wasn't pipe to the house we
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00120-00040807-00041379 gather but how do you think well there's
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00121-00041380-00041784 only you had a drill this well didn't
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00122-00041785-00042075 have any will underground did you know
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00123-00042076-00042309 you could be here we didn't good let's
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00124-00042310-00042684 go back a head of a big great big tank
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00125-00042685-00043287 who's up Siddal that tank for the cattle
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00126-00043288-00043788 out there in the yard cattle yard and
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00127-00043789-00043983 then we had a milk house where the cold
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00128-00043984-00044268 water ran through the concrete blocks
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00129-00044269-00044347 that's really
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00130-00044348-00044581 get the milk from the Korean as cool as
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00131-00044582-00044818 it can get you have a nice box at all
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00132-00044819-00045337 no only tiny nice food by someone got
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00133-00045338-00045613 the town hold and chip it up and make
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00134-00045614-00046015 ice cream and cake was made with cream
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00135-00046016-00046480 no it was it good was a good leo
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00136-00046481-00048211 was it good
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00137-00048212-00048517 Leo since none of us here ever met
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00138-00048518-00048841 you're your own mother and the boys I've
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00139-00048842-00049048 met your father how would you describe
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00140-00049049-00049243 each of them in terms of their strengths
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00141-00049244-00049399 their weaknesses the things you like the
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00142-00049400-00049675 things you disliked how would you
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00143-00049676-00049981 describe your mom since we've never met
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00144-00049982-00050148 her there her strengths or weaknesses
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00145-00050149-00050386 what was good about or what you didn't
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00146-00050387-00050790 like the same thing for your dad well I
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00147-00050791-00051025 couldn't find what's wrong with either
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00148-00051026-00051325 one of them they were always good to us
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00149-00051326-00051796 and was fair we never we never
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00150-00051797-00052051 questioned we have had to do work women
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00151-00052052-00052189 ever question because that was something
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00152-00052190-00052549 that's done and my biggest deterrent
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00153-00052550-00052803 from getting into meanest artists
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00154-00052804-00053508 trouble even through high school wasn't
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00155-00053509-00053827 it would be because I would her parent
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00156-00053828-00054115 my mother thought that they would feel
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00157-00054116-00054346 bad that one of my biggest deterrent I
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00158-00054347-00054604 don't know why but that was that was the
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00159-00054604-00054954 way it was but their law on every
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00160-00054955-00055099 question and I never questioned them
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00161-00055100-00055315 they weren't strict they were very
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00162-00055316-00056020 liberal with us and so they were good
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00163-00056021-00056197 people they were good people they were
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00164-00056198-00056505 hard workers we knew they work they
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00165-00056507-00056779 expected us to work now did you have did
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00166-00056779-00057016 you or your grand dad and grandmother
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00167-00057016-00057114 around when you
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00168-00057115-00057402 growing up oh yes what were they like
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00169-00057403-00057726 well my brother know much about my
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00170-00057727-00058128 grandfather he died another two very
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00171-00058129-00058492 young I mean on the steadman grandfather
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00172-00058494-00058812 and my stefan grandmother she lived in
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00173-00058813-00059409 two days she was very active ignore two
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00174-00059410-00059642 of my mother side and a grandmother
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00175-00059644-00059904 grandma Geoffrey they lived in the town
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00176-00059904-00060200 where we did where we went to town and
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00177-00060201-00060578 they wrote they ran a bottling plant
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00178-00060579-00060873 there and we'd always go bring back
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00179-00060874-00061128 their case the bottom top every temporal
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00180-00061129-00061430 look what kind of soda all this Jenner
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00181-00061432-00061575 wasn't Oh
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00182-00061576-00061829 anything like captain wasn't dr. pepper
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00183-00061830-00062079 no they didn't even have not confirmed
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00184-00062079-00062250 and I don't think some reason I thought
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00185-00062251-00063050 it might have been dr. pepper oh we
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00186-00063051-00063585 anyway we went we got my older brother
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00187-00063586-00064161 he got finish school finished a little
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00188-00064162-00064580 school earn healthy how was your older
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00189-00064582-00064827 brother when he and his five years older
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00190-00064828-00064880 than I was
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00191-00064882-00065376 Wow so they're four years old so that
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00192-00065377-00065727 means he was 16 yeah so anyway he
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00193-00065728-00065922 completed school he drove off rode a
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00194-00065923-00066219 horse over time how about Oklahoma then
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00195-00066220-00066531 to do another school when he found he
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00196-00066532-00066725 didn't want to go to school so he quit
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00197-00066726-00067301 and when I got older graduated from the
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00198-00067302-00067728 sixth grade my mother damn side died
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00199-00067729-00067861 they want to send me
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00200-00067862-00068239 so we they sold the farm and we went the
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00201-00068240-00068755 grand field Oklahoma and opened the
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00202-00068756-00069109 bottling plant and we started down the
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00203-00069110-00069673 bottling plant you select huh used to
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00204-00069674-00069871 race to Chile's correct yeah I thought I
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00205-00069872-00070321 would part of your own million but we
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00206-00070322-00070483 ran the bottling plant and I went to
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00207-00070484-00070738 high school where I started junior high
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00208-00070739-00071238 I guess in junior high they hate 30-day
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00209-00071239-00071449 your parents taught education was very
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00210-00071450-00071653 important more than working on the park
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00211-00071654-00072481 yeah schoolhouse but was was the
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00212-00072482-00072646 priority to work on the farmers go to
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00213-00072647-00072913 school for children oh you worked on the
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00214-00072914-00073096 farm your prior to work would you went
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00215-00073097-00073510 to school they work on the farm didn't
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00216-00073511-00074299 interfere much good okay and we've got a
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00217-00074300-00074623 grand feel like my older brother and I
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00218-00074624-00074860 dad we ran the bottling plant as a
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00219-00074861-00075121 little one-horse thing we started
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00220-00075122-00075484 delivering pop locally and then we
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00221-00075485-00075768 branched out to the other small towns
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00222-00075769-00075985 what made you guys move to grant killer
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00223-00075986-00076351 white grape oh well that was her I don't
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00224-00076352-00076615 know why I decided on that but there was
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00225-00076616-00076852 a bottling plant there for the facility
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00226-00076853-00077266 and we've sizes my granddad opened the
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00227-00077267-00077761 plant my dad decided to get plan so we
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00228-00077762-00078055 bought my dad bought a truck and we
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00229-00078056-00078496 started going out but anyway as we
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00230-00078497-00078913 worked an entire - we worked we did all
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00231-00078914-00079135 the work there was to be done in the
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00232-00079136-00079510 bottling plant the summer was running
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00233-00079511-00079957 where we didn't have much to do well how
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00234-00079958-00080143 did they solve the soda in the winter
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00235-00080144-00080506 then someone else told it so but I mean
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00236-00080507-00080898 it was in cells much didn't sell as much
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00237-00080899-00081515 summer it was a nice day job you work
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00238-00081516-00081701 was a good business
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00239-00081702-00081921 did they make money it was pretty good
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00240-00081922-00082826 business after after my brother he
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00241-00082827-00083157 finally left down left home and went to
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00242-00083158-00083493 work and the oil fields don't work on
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00243-00083494-00083876 the city and then when I graduated from
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00244-00083877-00084494 high school I wanted to go to college my
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00245-00084495-00084855 parents wanted me to go to college but I
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00246-00084856-00085056 didn't know we just didn't have the
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00247-00085057-00085872 money well but they worked up certain
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00248-00085873-00086142 good because by that time the business
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00249-00086143-00086565 we just wasn't making money worked up
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00250-00086566-00086916 $25.00 that was the tuition for a
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00251-00086917-00087431 semester in Oklahoma A&M college and
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00252-00087432-00087660 let's go back and get high school before
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00253-00087661-00087855 you tell us about college because high
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00254-00087856-00088550 school is where a lot of stuff happens
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00255-00088551-00089067 the high school I was president of my
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00256-00089068-00089169 classroom
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00257-00089170-00089415 it's a freshman I was president thinking
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00258-00089416-00089736 should we each year up to senior out a
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00259-00089737-00090171 year I took the usual courses everything
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00260-00090172-00090348 except foreign language which I was
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00261-00090349-00090891 sorry I didn't take later but we got the
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00262-00090892-00091116 basic education and a little high
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00263-00091117-00091434 schooler wheel head I think is 500
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00264-00091435-00091923 people in high school yeah you have a
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00265-00091924-00092124 child you did a lot of sports arrow did
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00266-00092125-00092673 you play basketball track football I
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00267-00092674-00092894 went out one year I made the team but
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00268-00092895-00093434 just when football season started why
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00269-00093435-00093696 the bottling plant started up and I
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00270-00093697-00093990 didn't have time I played in one game my
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00271-00093991-00094087 place
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00272-00094088-00094462 Carnivale the guards a hundred and
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00273-00094463-00094972 thirty pound bar but I made the team but
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00274-00094973-00095161 I couldn't play because I had to stop
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00275-00095162-00095980 and go to work I didn't question I have
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00276-00095981-00096503 my usual good times we had our parties
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00277-00096504-00096730 we didn't have much going on there we've
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00278-00096731-00096841 got one seat here
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00279-00096842-00097192 this was alcohol a boy with a little dry
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00280-00097193-00097478 stake for you drinking moonshine you can
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00281-00097479-00097840 got moonshine did you uh did you get
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00282-00097841-00099547 moonshine some of the old farm boys that
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00283-00099548-00099880 didn't go to school they go out and very
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00284-00099881-00100786 few up smoked they some of them did but
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00285-00100787-00101135 my biggest return from smoking was it
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00286-00101136-00101605 was supposed to be hard on you your wind
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00287-00101606-00101881 and I was racked up an athletic so I
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00288-00101882-00102316 never smoked all during high school but
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00289-00102317-00102754 anyway I went to I got that $25.00 what
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00290-00102755-00102832 about girlfriends
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00291-00102833-00103132 yeah you skipping a big part here who's
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00292-00103133-00103346 the first girlfriend my first girlfriend
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00293-00103347-00103813 it wasn't really a real girlfriend they
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00294-00103814-00104119 when I really cared for was their girl
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00295-00104120-00104399 that lived and ride Oklahoma I'm better
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00296-00104400-00104948 when we play tried on basketball and we
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00297-00104949-00105301 roamed each other once in a while I get
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00298-00105302-00105748 a chance to go over and see her but that
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00299-00105749-00106039 high look what was her name to another
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00300-00106040-00106513 alpha 3 and get some weird need people
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00301-00106514-00106588 in this
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00302-00106589-00106819 it was hold on there's alpha yeah what
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00303-00106820-00107353 our cope working for this Sofia was what
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00304-00107354-00107728 quarter of Indian uh-huh but she was a
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00305-00107729-00107976 was a conservative beautiful girl
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00306-00107977-00108585 she was football queen of the crying I'm
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00307-00108586-00108895 very popper now leo you knew announcer
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00308-00108896-00109470 later in life is that same yeah after I
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00309-00109471-00110044 then to watch you in college once one
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00310-00110045-00110401 semesters all I got through $25 he was
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00311-00110402-00110821 gone now I've got a job work my board
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00312-00110822-00111076 room play basketball too didn't you
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00313-00111077-00111629 without our knowledge
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00314-00111630-00112174 hey tell us about that well we get the
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00315-00112175-00112450 senator ordinary team he wasn't very
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00316-00112451-00112624 good we didn't win but we didn't lose
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00317-00112625-00112828 him all the chicken here what did she
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00318-00112829-00113085 won the state championship for some the
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00319-00113086-00113383 girls team my coach I coach the girls
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00320-00113383-00113707 team who has little country girls there
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00321-00113708-00114268 that we went to the states and they won
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00322-00114269-00114715 the state championship but the boys team
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00323-00114716-00115266 we never did do too much of it when did
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00324-00115267-00115720 you wrestle that was in college so what
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00325-00115721-00115873 what sports did you play in college them
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00326-00115874-00116091 that's just irrational I went out from
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00327-00116092-00116233 the team and I wasn't there long enough
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00328-00116233-00116772 to do much but I was and then the coach
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00329-00116773-00117244 brought me the most famous wrestling
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00330-00117245-00117631 coach and college there was was he see
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00331-00117632-00117903 calendar at that time the only way
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00332-00117904-00118266 Oklahoma and iam can make them the
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00333-00118267-00118554 headlines in sports was from lose a
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00334-00118555-00118818 match and wrestling which they never did
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00335-00118819-00119233 there at one year they had for a a new
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00336-00119233-00119320 champions
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00337-00119321-00119701 he won but he was a good coach and I was
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00338-00119702-00119940 on the Freshman team I wrestled in
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00339-00119941-00120252 freshmen team but that was the extent of
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00340-00120253-00120489 my college career I came back I've got a
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00341-00120490-00120946 job worked a year were you disappoint
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00342-00120947-00121101 you couldn't go on because there was no
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00343-00121102-00121485 I but I would come to the end of the
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00344-00121486-00121849 year end of the semester I didn't have
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00345-00121850-00122008 any money you know you didn't have any
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00346-00122008-00122241 clothes my parents but by that time
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00347-00122242-00122589 those two boys gone the business is just
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00348-00122590-00122814 shocked I mean they didn't have you
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00349-00122815-00123199 couldn't hire anybody thanks so much for
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00350-00123200-00123400 watching I hope you'll continue to check
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00351-00123401-00123579 out the next one hopefully I have part
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00352-00123580-00123879 three up somewhere around here part
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00353-00123880-00124051 three is coming up in a little bit if
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00354-00124052-00124290 it's not up yet then just check back
+dWIUTu3zy-A-00355-00124291-00124710 later so keep watching Thanks
+dXCLnevWubQ-00000-00000016-00000517 [Music]
+dXCLnevWubQ-00001-00000518-00000740 while the most important value that
+dXCLnevWubQ-00002-00000741-00000989 would be adding to Mario's is the guest
+dXCLnevWubQ-00003-00000990-00001229 experience at the outdoor places which
+dXCLnevWubQ-00004-00001230-00001448 is missing right now a zero is a smart
+dXCLnevWubQ-00005-00001449-00001700 eco-friendly outdoor mattress that can
+dXCLnevWubQ-00006-00001701-00001960 charge any portable device and also that
+dXCLnevWubQ-00007-00001961-00002204 can stole all your valuables inside a
+dXCLnevWubQ-00008-00002205-00002377 waterproof soundproof eco-friendly
+dXCLnevWubQ-00009-00002378-00002689 mattress which is economic as well
+dXCLnevWubQ-00010-00002690-00003106 [Music]
+dXe_3dz7CgA-00000-00000168-00000446 thank you
+dXe_3dz7CgA-00001-00000447-00002203 [Music]
+dXe_3dz7CgA-00002-00002204-00002619 [Applause]
+dXe_3dz7CgA-00004-00005898-00006250 foreign
+dXe_3dz7CgA-00005-00006251-00006511 [Music]
+dXe_3dz7CgA-00006-00006512-00007109 [Applause]
+dXe_3dz7CgA-00007-00007109-00009942 [Music]
+dXe_3dz7CgA-00008-00009943-00010256 thank you
+dXe_3dz7CgA-00009-00010257-00011695 [Music]
+dXe_3dz7CgA-00010-00011696-00011876 thank you
+dXe_3dz7CgA-00011-00011877-00013071 [Music]
+dXe_3dz7CgA-00012-00013072-00013272 [Applause]
+dXe_3dz7CgA-00013-00013273-00013410 how do you
+dXe_3dz7CgA-00014-00013411-00013469 [Applause]
+dXe_3dz7CgA-00015-00013469-00013496 guys
+dXe_3dz7CgA-00016-00013497-00014863 [Music]
+dXe_3dz7CgA-00017-00014865-00017341 [Music]
+dXe_3dz7CgA-00018-00017342-00017882 don't worry
+dXe_3dz7CgA-00019-00017883-00019096 [Applause]
+dXe_3dz7CgA-00020-00019097-00019818 [Music]
+dXe_3dz7CgA-00021-00019819-00020107 [Music]
+dXe_3dz7CgA-00022-00020108-00020469 very cool
+dXe_3dz7CgA-00023-00020470-00021745 [Music]
+dXe_3dz7CgA-00024-00021746-00022097 [Music]
+dXe_3dz7CgA-00025-00022098-00022358 laughs
+dXe_3dz7CgA-00026-00022359-00022958 [Applause]
+dXe_3dz7CgA-00027-00022959-00023046 [Music]
+dXe_3dz7CgA-00028-00023047-00023230 [Applause]
+dXe_3dz7CgA-00029-00023231-00023393 away
+dXe_3dz7CgA-00030-00023394-00024875 [Music]
+dXe_3dz7CgA-00031-00024876-00025186 thank you
+dXe_3dz7CgA-00032-00025187-00025719 foreign
+dXe_3dz7CgA-00033-00025720-00026518 [Music]
+dXe_3dz7CgA-00034-00026519-00027885 [Music]
+dXe_3dz7CgA-00035-00027886-00027958 [Applause]
+dXe_3dz7CgA-00036-00027958-00029389 [Music]
+dXe_3dz7CgA-00037-00029389-00029554 don't worry
+dXe_3dz7CgA-00038-00029555-00031189 [Music]
+dYaHoBKdguQ-00000-00000672-00000831 hello friends
+dYaHoBKdguQ-00001-00000832-00001079 my name is gauri sharma and i'm from
+dYaHoBKdguQ-00002-00001080-00001319 classics b
+dYaHoBKdguQ-00003-00001320-00001574 do you want to make beautiful portraits
+dYaHoBKdguQ-00004-00001575-00001782 or play some quick drawing games
+dYaHoBKdguQ-00005-00001784-00002271 if yes then you enjoy the video
+dYaHoBKdguQ-00006-00002272-00002726 so please watch the video till the end
+dYaHoBKdguQ-00007-00002727-00003087 we will make beautiful portraits
+dYaHoBKdguQ-00008-00003088-00003438 using auto draw and play some quick
+dYaHoBKdguQ-00009-00003439-00003790 drawing games using quick draw
+dYaHoBKdguQ-00010-00003792-00004206 so let's get started
+dYaHoBKdguQ-00011-00004207-00004606 hope you enjoy the video
+dYaHoBKdguQ-00012-00004607-00004935 open your internet browser it could be
+dYaHoBKdguQ-00013-00004936-00005070 safari
+dYaHoBKdguQ-00014-00005071-00005479 chrome firefox etc
+dYaHoBKdguQ-00015-00005480-00005831 open a new tab and search for
+dYaHoBKdguQ-00016-00005832-00006087 auto draw in the address bar
+dYaHoBKdguQ-00017-00006088-00006575 [Music]
+dYaHoBKdguQ-00018-00006576-00006919 now as soon as we type auto draw a new
+dYaHoBKdguQ-00019-00006920-00006959 white
+dYaHoBKdguQ-00020-00006959-00007295 page has appeared on the screen can you
+dYaHoBKdguQ-00021-00007295-00007351 see
+dYaHoBKdguQ-00022-00007352-00007839 a pencil symbol on the left corner
+dYaHoBKdguQ-00023-00007840-00008246 tap on it we see some more options
+dYaHoBKdguQ-00024-00008247-00008471 arriving at the screen as soon as we tap
+dYaHoBKdguQ-00025-00008472-00008695 the pencil option
+dYaHoBKdguQ-00026-00008696-00008983 let us start making our beautiful
+dYaHoBKdguQ-00027-00008984-00009246 portrait
+dYaHoBKdguQ-00028-00009247-00009559 click on auto draw you can
+dYaHoBKdguQ-00029-00009560-00009883 change the color according to your
+dYaHoBKdguQ-00030-00009884-00010014 requirements
+dYaHoBKdguQ-00031-00010015-00010391 let us use the red color first
+dYaHoBKdguQ-00032-00010392-00010938 you can draw any image that you want
+dYaHoBKdguQ-00033-00010939-00011151 [Music]
+dYaHoBKdguQ-00034-00011152-00011487 do you notice any change yes in the
+dYaHoBKdguQ-00035-00011488-00011903 above bar there are some similar images
+dYaHoBKdguQ-00036-00011904-00012244 you can choose the image that you want
+dYaHoBKdguQ-00037-00012245-00012727 [Music]
+dYaHoBKdguQ-00038-00012728-00013030 you can give it a background color using
+dYaHoBKdguQ-00039-00013031-00013327 the fill option
+dYaHoBKdguQ-00040-00013328-00013655 change the color
+dYaHoBKdguQ-00041-00013656-00013999 and just tap see now your picture
+dYaHoBKdguQ-00042-00014000-00014311 has a different background if you want
+dYaHoBKdguQ-00043-00014312-00014422 to adjust
+dYaHoBKdguQ-00044-00014423-00014871 the image then go to the select option
+dYaHoBKdguQ-00045-00014872-00015158 select your image and then you can
+dYaHoBKdguQ-00046-00015159-00015207 change
+dYaHoBKdguQ-00047-00015208-00015607 its location you can rotate it
+dYaHoBKdguQ-00048-00015608-00015958 like this minimize
+dYaHoBKdguQ-00049-00015959-00016383 maximize you can also adjust
+dYaHoBKdguQ-00050-00016384-00016735 the figure using the select option
+dYaHoBKdguQ-00051-00016736-00017143 it's easy just select the figure
+dYaHoBKdguQ-00052-00017144-00017463 then move it
+dYaHoBKdguQ-00053-00017464-00017807 according to your requirements
+dYaHoBKdguQ-00054-00017808-00018135 okay now if
+dYaHoBKdguQ-00055-00018136-00018471 you want to draw your own figure
+dYaHoBKdguQ-00056-00018472-00018943 then use the draw option
+dYaHoBKdguQ-00057-00018944-00019479 draw anything that you want
+dYaHoBKdguQ-00058-00019480-00019903 let me change the color first
+dYaHoBKdguQ-00059-00019904-00020279 draw
+dYaHoBKdguQ-00060-00020280-00020678 and then what if you want to
+dYaHoBKdguQ-00061-00020679-00021071 adjust some shapes to your picture
+dYaHoBKdguQ-00062-00021072-00021383 just go to the shape option
+dYaHoBKdguQ-00063-00021384-00021596 you can change the color
+dYaHoBKdguQ-00064-00021597-00021767 [Music]
+dYaHoBKdguQ-00065-00021768-00022071 and then you have to just select the
+dYaHoBKdguQ-00066-00022072-00022483 desired shape
+dYaHoBKdguQ-00067-00022484-00022655 right
+dYaHoBKdguQ-00068-00022656-00023143 drag and then drag
+dYaHoBKdguQ-00069-00023144-00023463 now if i want to
+dYaHoBKdguQ-00070-00023464-00023775 just type a text over there
+dYaHoBKdguQ-00071-00023776-00024150 then go to the type option
+dYaHoBKdguQ-00072-00024151-00024463 you can change the calibri body
+dYaHoBKdguQ-00073-00024464-00024758 and also the font size using these
+dYaHoBKdguQ-00074-00024759-00024975 options
+dYaHoBKdguQ-00075-00024976-00025414 okay now let us do quick draw
+dYaHoBKdguQ-00076-00025415-00025822 open a new tab search
+dYaHoBKdguQ-00077-00025823-00026311 for quick draw in the address bar
+dYaHoBKdguQ-00078-00026312-00026862 okay press go
+dYaHoBKdguQ-00079-00026863-00027302 and see the quick draw page opens
+dYaHoBKdguQ-00080-00027304-00027631 quick draw is a fun online drawing game
+dYaHoBKdguQ-00081-00027632-00027967 it is easy to use it let me show it to
+dYaHoBKdguQ-00082-00027968-00028007 you
+dYaHoBKdguQ-00083-00028008-00028343 practically as soon as you press
+dYaHoBKdguQ-00084-00028344-00028702 let's draw you see it gives you specific
+dYaHoBKdguQ-00085-00028704-00028799 names
+dYaHoBKdguQ-00086-00028800-00029199 like ball pool cactus
+dYaHoBKdguQ-00087-00029200-00029535 wig etc so
+dYaHoBKdguQ-00088-00029536-00029799 you have to draw the figure in less than
+dYaHoBKdguQ-00089-00029800-00029927 20 seconds
+dYaHoBKdguQ-00090-00029927-00030167 as soon as the time is going to end
+dYaHoBKdguQ-00091-00030168-00030367 there will be ticking sounds
+dYaHoBKdguQ-00092-00030368-00030679 that means that the time is going to get
+dYaHoBKdguQ-00093-00030680-00031007 over as soon as a page like this
+dYaHoBKdguQ-00094-00031008-00031311 appears on the screen the first step is
+dYaHoBKdguQ-00095-00031312-00031423 to press
+dYaHoBKdguQ-00096-00031424-00031751 got it it gives you 20 seconds to draw
+dYaHoBKdguQ-00097-00031752-00031783 the
+dYaHoBKdguQ-00098-00031783-00032167 picture so let me just try to draw a
+dYaHoBKdguQ-00099-00032168-00032255 bench
+dYaHoBKdguQ-00100-00032256-00032543 you can see three dots in the below
+dYaHoBKdguQ-00101-00032544-00032790 section that means that it is trying to
+dYaHoBKdguQ-00102-00032791-00032879 guess your
+dYaHoBKdguQ-00103-00032880-00033095 drawing so as soon as you just draw
+dYaHoBKdguQ-00104-00033096-00033295 something it guesses
+dYaHoBKdguQ-00105-00033296-00033615 but yeah it almost understood that i
+dYaHoBKdguQ-00106-00033616-00034031 do a bench so i hope you even heard the
+dYaHoBKdguQ-00107-00034032-00034183 ticking sounds
+dYaHoBKdguQ-00108-00034184-00034462 in the last that means that my time was
+dYaHoBKdguQ-00109-00034463-00034543 going to get
+dYaHoBKdguQ-00110-00034544-00034871 over hope you enjoyed the video
+dYaHoBKdguQ-00111-00034872-00035384 thank you bye
+da-8uGQJ9pu-00000-00000003-00000218 subscribe to our channel by clicking the
+da-8uGQJ9pu-00001-00000219-00000428 subscribe button click the bell button
+da-8uGQJ9pu-00002-00000429-00000620 any joy the latest uploads from our
+da-8uGQJ9pu-00003-00000621-00000968 channel time the Space Gray iPhone 10s
+da-8uGQJ9pu-00004-00000969-00001202 that was just launched today I decided
+da-8uGQJ9pu-00005-00001203-00001403 to go with the 64 gigabyte is it's not
+da-8uGQJ9pu-00006-00001404-00001639 gonna be my main iPhone but I did pick
+da-8uGQJ9pu-00007-00001641-00001807 one up because I was actually not going
+da-8uGQJ9pu-00008-00001809-00002021 to get this but many you said you do
+da-8uGQJ9pu-00009-00002022-00002260 want to see the smaller iPhone 10s and
+da-8uGQJ9pu-00010-00002261-00002405 I've been reading your comments you also
+da-8uGQJ9pu-00011-00002406-00002626 said I want to see the 10r so that's
+da-8uGQJ9pu-00012-00002627-00002873 gonna be coming later next month let's
+da-8uGQJ9pu-00013-00002874-00003113 go ahead and peel this off and as usual
+da-8uGQJ9pu-00014-00003114-00003272 you can go ahead and pause and read if
+da-8uGQJ9pu-00015-00003272-00003440 you want to know what comes in the box
+da-8uGQJ9pu-00016-00003440-00003638 it's basically the same as every year
+da-8uGQJ9pu-00017-00003639-00003836 besides the fact that this one now no
+da-8uGQJ9pu-00018-00003836-00004156 longer has a dongle in the box like last
+da-8uGQJ9pu-00019-00004157-00004418 year did with the iPhone 8 and 8 plus
+da-8uGQJ9pu-00020-00004419-00004622 let's go and open this up and you can
+da-8uGQJ9pu-00021-00004623-00004835 see more Apple pamphlets it's basically
+da-8uGQJ9pu-00022-00004836-00005090 the same box in every single iPhone so
+da-8uGQJ9pu-00023-00005091-00005281 it's nothing new anytime you get an
+da-8uGQJ9pu-00024-00005282-00005488 iPhone if you've had one before it's
+da-8uGQJ9pu-00025-00005489-00005738 basically a consistent experience every
+da-8uGQJ9pu-00026-00005739-00005945 single year but here we are it looks
+da-8uGQJ9pu-00027-00005946-00006104 like they got a little bubble on the
+da-8uGQJ9pu-00028-00006105-00006304 iPhone right there right at the back so
+da-8uGQJ9pu-00029-00006305-00006467 that's a little on Apple like but you
+da-8uGQJ9pu-00030-00006468-00006760 can see Space Gray iPhone and 10's looks
+da-8uGQJ9pu-00031-00006761-00007037 just like the Space Gray iPhone 10 of
+da-8uGQJ9pu-00032-00007038-00007241 last year but I decided to go with this
+da-8uGQJ9pu-00033-00007242-00007414 color because last year I had the white
+da-8uGQJ9pu-00034-00007415-00007624 model or the silver model you could say
+da-8uGQJ9pu-00035-00007625-00007849 of the iPhone 10 so let's go ahead and
+da-8uGQJ9pu-00036-00007850-00007976 get this thing loaded up and I'll be
+da-8uGQJ9pu-00037-00007977-00008123 back when I got my information and
+da-8uGQJ9pu-00038-00008123-00008339 everything put in to the device okay so
+da-8uGQJ9pu-00039-00008340-00008576 before we talk more about the iPhone 10s
+da-8uGQJ9pu-00040-00008577-00008699 over here let's take a look at the
+da-8uGQJ9pu-00041-00008700-00008899 contents remaining in the box these are
+da-8uGQJ9pu-00042-00008900-00009196 some Lightning headphones so no dongle
+da-8uGQJ9pu-00043-00009197-00009473 like I said earlier in this anymore you
+da-8uGQJ9pu-00044-00009474-00009664 do have your standard lightning cable
+da-8uGQJ9pu-00045-00009665-00010099 and a non fast charging brick here 999
+da-8uGQJ9pu-00046-00010100-00010313 or 1000 dollars for a five point eight
+da-8uGQJ9pu-00047-00010314-00010616 inch iOS device that doesn't give you a
+da-8uGQJ9pu-00048-00010617-00010931 fast charger now by comparison you can
+da-8uGQJ9pu-00049-00010932-00011228 buy something like a samsung galaxy s 9
+da-8uGQJ9pu-00050-00011229-00011467 for way less than this and it comes with
+da-8uGQJ9pu-00051-00011468-00011764 a fast charger so I think Apple if
+da-8uGQJ9pu-00052-00011765-00011924 you're watching this you need to start
+da-8uGQJ9pu-00053-00011925-00012131 putting fast chargers in your box
+da-8uGQJ9pu-00054-00012132-00012326 customers have been asking for this for
+da-8uGQJ9pu-00055-00012327-00012617 a long time but you don't want to listen
+da-8uGQJ9pu-00056-00012618-00012838 so when are you gonna listen that's what
+da-8uGQJ9pu-00057-00012839-00013010 I got to say okay so taking a closer
+da-8uGQJ9pu-00058-00013011-00013169 look at the design it looks basically
+da-8uGQJ9pu-00059-00013169-00013358 identical to
+da-8uGQJ9pu-00060-00013359-00013636 the iPhone 10 that it replaces but up at
+da-8uGQJ9pu-00061-00013637-00013822 the top you can see you now have
+da-8uGQJ9pu-00062-00013823-00014047 yourself an antenna line there and at
+da-8uGQJ9pu-00063-00014048-00014252 the bottom you do have an antenna lying
+da-8uGQJ9pu-00064-00014253-00014480 off to the left now you can see there's
+da-8uGQJ9pu-00065-00014481-00014666 a little bit more holes for the speaker
+da-8uGQJ9pu-00066-00014666-00014882 on the iPhone 10 and that's really gonna
+da-8uGQJ9pu-00067-00014883-00015065 be up to you rather you care about that
+da-8uGQJ9pu-00068-00015066-00015178 or now it's gonna feel like going from
+da-8uGQJ9pu-00069-00015179-00015403 an iPhone 6 to an iPhone 6 s it's
+da-8uGQJ9pu-00070-00015404-00015599 basically the same exact looking phone
+da-8uGQJ9pu-00071-00015600-00015808 differences processors are more advanced
+da-8uGQJ9pu-00072-00015809-00016022 these days so it's not gonna feel like
+da-8uGQJ9pu-00073-00016022-00016228 such a generational leap in the
+da-8uGQJ9pu-00074-00016229-00016363 processing performance and the day to
+da-8uGQJ9pu-00075-00016365-00016588 day use like the six was to the success
+da-8uGQJ9pu-00076-00016589-00017012 okay so we are now into the iPhone 10s
+da-8uGQJ9pu-00077-00017013-00017305 let's go into settings here and show you
+da-8uGQJ9pu-00078-00017306-00017675 that we do have the 64 gigabyte version
+da-8uGQJ9pu-00079-00017676-00017864 there's an available 52 point eight five
+da-8uGQJ9pu-00080-00017865-00018092 gigs if you do go with this one it's
+da-8uGQJ9pu-00081-00018093-00018389 running iOS 12 out of the box and man if
+da-8uGQJ9pu-00082-00018390-00018628 you were using an iPhone 10 like I said
+da-8uGQJ9pu-00083-00018629-00018872 before and I'm gonna say it again is it
+da-8uGQJ9pu-00084-00018873-00019061 the same yes I mean if you look at it
+da-8uGQJ9pu-00085-00019062-00019180 from the front you can barely tell the
+da-8uGQJ9pu-00086-00019181-00019292 difference we got the eight twelve
+da-8uGQJ9pu-00087-00019293-00019571 Bionic chip set into the iPhone 10s you
+da-8uGQJ9pu-00088-00019572-00019822 also have a slightly improved camera on
+da-8uGQJ9pu-00089-00019823-00020030 the rear but definitely gonna be an
+da-8uGQJ9pu-00090-00020031-00020212 improved camera there you might get a
+da-8uGQJ9pu-00091-00020213-00020344 little bit better battery life or
+da-8uGQJ9pu-00092-00020345-00020584 similar I don't know what to see in the
+da-8uGQJ9pu-00093-00020585-00020753 real world usually a more efficient chip
+da-8uGQJ9pu-00094-00020754-00020897 means better battery life so I'll be
+da-8uGQJ9pu-00095-00020898-00021164 testing that out but what's really nice
+da-8uGQJ9pu-00096-00021165-00021334 though is if you did have an iPhone 10
+da-8uGQJ9pu-00097-00021335-00021518 and you are gonna be upgrading I'm
+da-8uGQJ9pu-00098-00021519-00021767 pretty sure most of your cases will fit
+da-8uGQJ9pu-00099-00021768-00022196 from the iPhone 10 over to the iPhone 10
+da-8uGQJ9pu-00100-00022197-00022372 s so that's a good thing if you are just
+da-8uGQJ9pu-00101-00022373-00022589 gonna do this upgrade from 10 to 10 s
+da-8uGQJ9pu-00102-00022590-00022769 but I have a feeling most people are not
+da-8uGQJ9pu-00103-00022770-00022964 gonna do this upgrade so let's go to the
+da-8uGQJ9pu-00104-00022965-00023189 camera and take a look at the portrait
+da-8uGQJ9pu-00105-00023190-00023330 mode so in this portrait mode you're
+da-8uGQJ9pu-00106-00023331-00023480 gonna be able to blur it manually but
+da-8uGQJ9pu-00107-00023481-00023621 seriously I can't really see any other
+da-8uGQJ9pu-00108-00023622-00023794 differences besides what's under the
+da-8uGQJ9pu-00109-00023795-00023947 hood but what's under the hood can make
+da-8uGQJ9pu-00110-00023948-00024181 this a longer-lasting phone in the long
+da-8uGQJ9pu-00111-00024182-00024406 run so if that matters to you you will
+da-8uGQJ9pu-00112-00024407-00024572 enjoy the 10 s so now I just quickly
+da-8uGQJ9pu-00113-00024573-00024712 want to take a look at some size
+da-8uGQJ9pu-00114-00024713-00024917 comparisons between the 10s and some
+da-8uGQJ9pu-00115-00024918-00025147 other devices so if you pick up the
+da-8uGQJ9pu-00116-00025148-00025381 iPhone 10s here's how it looks next to a
+da-8uGQJ9pu-00117-00025382-00025615 galaxy s 9 it's a very similar size to
+da-8uGQJ9pu-00118-00025616-00025771 that device so so if you're coming from
+da-8uGQJ9pu-00119-00025772-00025933 an S 9 to when I phone 10 it's actually
+da-8uGQJ9pu-00120-00025934-00026069 a little shorter it's gonna be just
+da-8uGQJ9pu-00121-00026070-00026405 about the same to manage now here is an
+da-8uGQJ9pu-00122-00026406-00026612 italic cs8 if you're upgrading from a
+da-8uGQJ9pu-00123-00026613-00026705 Galaxy S a
+da-8uGQJ9pu-00124-00026706-00026897 you get a little bit shorter and a
+da-8uGQJ9pu-00125-00026898-00027058 similar size so it's gonna be very
+da-8uGQJ9pu-00126-00027060-00027356 similar to manage that as well now if
+da-8uGQJ9pu-00127-00027357-00027575 you're coming from a Google pixel to you
+da-8uGQJ9pu-00128-00027576-00027842 can see very similar size the pixel to
+da-8uGQJ9pu-00129-00027843-00028094 being a little bit taller than this
+da-8uGQJ9pu-00130-00028095-00028331 iPhone 10s right here and then what
+da-8uGQJ9pu-00131-00028332-00028529 about an iPhone 7 I have a feeling a lot
+da-8uGQJ9pu-00132-00028530-00028702 of people might be upgrading from an
+da-8uGQJ9pu-00133-00028704-00028927 iPhone 7 I think this is actually a good
+da-8uGQJ9pu-00134-00028929-00029087 upgrade if you have an iPhone 7 and
+da-8uGQJ9pu-00135-00029088-00029276 you're coming to a 10s this is a nice
+da-8uGQJ9pu-00136-00029277-00029486 update for you as it'll feel more
+da-8uGQJ9pu-00137-00029487-00029717 premium and a bigger screen and a same
+da-8uGQJ9pu-00138-00029718-00029933 similar size body you can see almost the
+da-8uGQJ9pu-00139-00029933-00030133 same size body there so if you could
+da-8uGQJ9pu-00140-00030135-00030242 manage a seven you could definitely
+da-8uGQJ9pu-00141-00030243-00030464 manage an iPhone 10s I'm taking a look
+da-8uGQJ9pu-00142-00030464-00030670 at the 10s versus the older plus the
+da-8uGQJ9pu-00143-00030672-00030830 size phone you can see so you're gonna
+da-8uGQJ9pu-00144-00030831-00030968 see you're gonna get a lot more screen
+da-8uGQJ9pu-00145-00030969-00031256 for a much smaller body so this can be a
+da-8uGQJ9pu-00146-00031257-00031414 nice update if you just had enough for
+da-8uGQJ9pu-00147-00031416-00031627 these plus size phones but if you do
+da-8uGQJ9pu-00148-00031629-00031837 like your plus size phones I did get the
+da-8uGQJ9pu-00149-00031838-00032042 max we'll be covering that more on the
+da-8uGQJ9pu-00150-00032043-00032189 channel but taking a look at I'm leave
+da-8uGQJ9pu-00151-00032189-00032383 it in the case real quick the iPhone
+da-8uGQJ9pu-00152-00032385-00032665 10's max is the big boy compared to the
+da-8uGQJ9pu-00153-00032666-00032812 10s and pretty much every other
+da-8uGQJ9pu-00154-00032813-00033005 competing large Android phone will be a
+da-8uGQJ9pu-00155-00033006-00033230 lot bigger to handle than the 10s so
+da-8uGQJ9pu-00156-00033231-00033377 there's not much more to talk about it
+da-8uGQJ9pu-00157-00033378-00033626 comes with iOS 12 out of the gate 5.8
+da-8uGQJ9pu-00158-00033627-00033946 inch OLED display it does have more
+da-8uGQJ9pu-00159-00033947-00034235 natural-looking colors on the 10s a12
+da-8uGQJ9pu-00160-00034236-00034484 Bionic chip set and this thing's just
+da-8uGQJ9pu-00161-00034485-00034667 gonna have a more improved smart HDR
+da-8uGQJ9pu-00162-00034668-00034846 camera but we're gonna have to speed
+da-8uGQJ9pu-00163-00034847-00034990 test this to other phone to see if it's
+da-8uGQJ9pu-00164-00034991-00035219 gonna be worthy update so be sure to get
+da-8uGQJ9pu-00165-00035220-00035402 all your questions comments concerns
+da-8uGQJ9pu-00166-00035403-00035648 feedback on the smaller 10s what you
+da-8uGQJ9pu-00167-00035649-00035789 would like to see on this device down
+da-8uGQJ9pu-00168-00035790-00035969 below and if you haven't seen my Maxim
+da-8uGQJ9pu-00169-00035970-00036182 boxing and just dropped it earlier check
+da-8uGQJ9pu-00170-00036183-00036314 that one out if you're more interested
+da-8uGQJ9pu-00171-00036315-00036494 in the max device and that's it if you
+da-8uGQJ9pu-00172-00036495-00036689 found this video entertaining informing
+da-8uGQJ9pu-00173-00036690-00036902 and
+dcju1S-TeA8-00000-00000104-00000340 a-okay that's unfortunate
+dcju1S-TeA8-00001-00000341-00000649 okay we we can swap with Angela then
+dcju1S-TeA8-00002-00000650-00000853 actually if you are ready maybe you can
+dcju1S-TeA8-00003-00000855-00001258 share your screen and then we'll quickly
+dcju1S-TeA8-00004-00001259-00001988 jump to you thank you so much Group C to
+dcju1S-TeA8-00005-00001989-00002864 K to the K to the dragon thank you you
+dcju1S-TeA8-00006-00002865-00003350 know good afternoon dr. Peary good
+dcju1S-TeA8-00007-00003351-00003674 afternoon mrs. actually winning good
+dcju1S-TeA8-00008-00003675-00004741 evening good evening everyone
+dcju1S-TeA8-00009-00004742-00005681 good evenin okay so I'm just getting to
+dcju1S-TeA8-00010-00005682-00006056 my so again as angela is preparing a
+dcju1S-TeA8-00011-00006057-00006263 presentation so I'm called supervising
+dcju1S-TeA8-00012-00006264-00006667 Angela how pleased we missed the primary
+dcju1S-TeA8-00013-00006668-00007039 supervisor is mrs. Wu Li si Azul but I'm
+dcju1S-TeA8-00014-00007040-00007481 just I play the role Co supervisor in
+dcju1S-TeA8-00015-00007481-00007637 case people are wondering if it matters
+dcju1S-TeA8-00016-00007638-00008014 some people and she's a second year so
+dcju1S-TeA8-00017-00008015-00008249 we're getting working together from last
+dcju1S-TeA8-00018-00008250-00008528 year beginning before I was laid off the
+dcju1S-TeA8-00019-00008529-00008945 2013 I think yes from regional team I
+dcju1S-TeA8-00020-00008946-00009185 was enrolled in a course I was teaching
+dcju1S-TeA8-00021-00009186-00009599 okay can you see my content no I don't
+dcju1S-TeA8-00022-00009600-00010001 think you've shared your screen yet it's
+dcju1S-TeA8-00023-00010002-00010570 me sorry maybe it's me
+dcju1S-TeA8-00024-00010571-00011071 I don't think you've shared you okay now
+dcju1S-TeA8-00025-00011072-00012618 we can see something is it buildable now
+dcju1S-TeA8-00026-00012619-00012871 it is I don't know about the other
+dcju1S-TeA8-00027-00012872-00013051 participants I can see a presentation
+dcju1S-TeA8-00028-00013052-00013333 and I'm going to tell me although the
+dcju1S-TeA8-00029-00013334-00013606 previous presenters went beyond
+dcju1S-TeA8-00030-00013607-00013732 allocated time but our time you
+dcju1S-TeA8-00031-00013733-00014019 nonetheless if you could stick to the
+dcju1S-TeA8-00032-00014019-00014197 prescribed time that would be really
+dcju1S-TeA8-00033-00014197-00014590 good the previous group went winter but
+dcju1S-TeA8-00034-00014591-00014797 they did six minutes and seven seconds
+dcju1S-TeA8-00035-00014797-00015193 so if you could just stick to the 15
+dcju1S-TeA8-00036-00015194-00015394 minutes that would be really 15 minutes
+dcju1S-TeA8-00037-00015394-00015865 15 minutes I'll be really good but okay
+dcju1S-TeA8-00038-00015866-00016141 yes so my names are Angela Van de
+dcju1S-TeA8-00039-00016141-00016489 Miranda you know and my study is an
+dcju1S-TeA8-00040-00016490-00016708 investigation of the workflows that I
+dcju1S-TeA8-00041-00016709-00017032 involved in the ingestion of electronic
+dcju1S-TeA8-00042-00017033-00017253 theses and dissertations into the
+dcju1S-TeA8-00043-00017254-00017431 institutional repositories and this is a
+dcju1S-TeA8-00044-00017432-00017640 case study of the University of Zambia
+dcju1S-TeA8-00045-00017641-00018025 institutional repository and like dr.
+dcju1S-TeA8-00046-00018026-00018369 Puri did mention my principal supervisor
+dcju1S-TeA8-00047-00018370-00018892 is Madame Felicia Zulu and am bin cause
+dcju1S-TeA8-00048-00018893-00019375 supervised by dr. Eric and so at the
+dcju1S-TeA8-00049-00019376-00019594 background to this a study briefly is
+dcju1S-TeA8-00050-00019595-00020025 that we've noticed that the it it is
+dcju1S-TeA8-00051-00020026-00020178 that we have sitting in the
+dcju1S-TeA8-00052-00020179-00020662 institutional repositories sort of take
+dcju1S-TeA8-00053-00020663-00020890 too long to be placed into the
+dcju1S-TeA8-00054-00020891-00021169 institutional repository and so students
+dcju1S-TeA8-00055-00021170-00021544 have access to or if you like all the
+dcju1S-TeA8-00056-00021545-00021792 electronic theses and dissertations and
+dcju1S-TeA8-00057-00021793-00022228 this has an effect on the the research
+dcju1S-TeA8-00058-00022229-00022456 output because then now we can have
+dcju1S-TeA8-00059-00022457-00022735 researcher duplication because people
+dcju1S-TeA8-00060-00022736-00023010 want to know what research has been done
+dcju1S-TeA8-00061-00023011-00023431 so we want to find ways of addressing
+dcju1S-TeA8-00062-00023432-00023819 this problem of the long delay between
+dcju1S-TeA8-00063-00023820-00024108 publication date and date of the
+dcju1S-TeA8-00064-00024109-00024258 ingestion of a titties into the
+dcju1S-TeA8-00065-00024259-00024711 institution hostel conceptually we say
+dcju1S-TeA8-00066-00024712-00025113 that when a student submits their
+dcju1S-TeA8-00067-00025114-00025428 electronic thesis and dissertation they
+dcju1S-TeA8-00068-00025429-00025839 have activities that go around you know
+dcju1S-TeA8-00069-00025839-00026078 the postgraduate coordinators from
+dcju1S-TeA8-00070-00026079-00026318 various schools they have certain
+dcju1S-TeA8-00071-00026319-00026793 activities workflows that they they they
+dcju1S-TeA8-00072-00026794-00026829 do
+dcju1S-TeA8-00073-00026830-00027389 and after that they pass over the it it
+dcju1S-TeA8-00074-00027391-00027945 is to DRGs from their ages after the
+dcju1S-TeA8-00075-00027945-00028329 process they submit to the library who
+dcju1S-TeA8-00076-00028330-00028739 intend ingest this it it is into the
+dcju1S-TeA8-00077-00028741-00028967 institutional repository so this
+dcju1S-TeA8-00078-00028968-00029345 conceptual framework just gives us in a
+dcju1S-TeA8-00079-00029347-00029627 match scale the journey that it is take
+dcju1S-TeA8-00080-00029628-00029793 from the time they are submitted to the
+dcju1S-TeA8-00081-00029794-00030183 time they are you know ingested into the
+dcju1S-TeA8-00082-00030183-00030402 institutional repository so what we want
+dcju1S-TeA8-00083-00030402-00030683 to understand in this study is what are
+dcju1S-TeA8-00084-00030684-00030918 these activities that the various
+dcju1S-TeA8-00085-00030919-00031374 stakeholders do and is there a way that
+dcju1S-TeA8-00086-00031375-00031839 we could find better ways of handling
+dcju1S-TeA8-00087-00031839-00032358 these workflows so basically that is
+dcju1S-TeA8-00088-00032358-00032758 what the study is looking at and maybe
+dcju1S-TeA8-00089-00032759-00033239 just to to run through the objectives of
+dcju1S-TeA8-00090-00033240-00033792 the study so the overall objective of
+dcju1S-TeA8-00091-00033793-00034032 this study is to explore effective
+dcju1S-TeA8-00092-00034033-00034281 workflows that can reduce the turnaround
+dcju1S-TeA8-00093-00034282-00034502 time that electronic thesis and
+dcju1S-TeA8-00094-00034503-00034752 dissertations take to be ingested into
+dcju1S-TeA8-00095-00034753-00034946 the institutional repository from the
+dcju1S-TeA8-00096-00034947-00035283 time they are submitted and so the
+dcju1S-TeA8-00097-00035284-00035517 specific objectives to accidentally turn
+dcju1S-TeA8-00098-00035518-00035774 around time that is associated with
+dcju1S-TeA8-00099-00035775-00036054 submission and ingestion of validities
+dcju1S-TeA8-00100-00036055-00036374 into the institutional repository so in
+dcju1S-TeA8-00101-00036375-00036549 and our objective one we are basically
+dcju1S-TeA8-00102-00036550-00036783 trying to understand the extent of the
+dcju1S-TeA8-00103-00036784-00037080 problem and by so doing we will go into
+dcju1S-TeA8-00104-00037081-00037157 the
+dcju1S-TeA8-00105-00037158-00037358 which we've already studied we go into
+dcju1S-TeA8-00106-00037359-00037556 the institutional repository we collect
+dcju1S-TeA8-00107-00037557-00038042 the ATP's that are there and see the
+dcju1S-TeA8-00108-00038043-00038627 actual problem at on site you know when
+dcju1S-TeA8-00109-00038628-00038930 did this Italy come and in our
+dcju1S-TeA8-00110-00038931-00039170 possession and how when did we submit it
+dcju1S-TeA8-00111-00039171-00039362 or ingest it into the institutional
+dcju1S-TeA8-00112-00039363-00039641 repository the second objective is to
+dcju1S-TeA8-00113-00039642-00039944 understand the functions and associated
+dcju1S-TeA8-00114-00039945-00040204 workflows that multiple stakeholders
+dcju1S-TeA8-00115-00040205-00040502 involved in the submission and ingestion
+dcju1S-TeA8-00116-00040503-00040730 of entities into the institutional
+dcju1S-TeA8-00117-00040731-00041006 repository place so what are these roles
+dcju1S-TeA8-00118-00041007-00041309 that they play and how can we make these
+dcju1S-TeA8-00119-00041310-00041759 workflows and functions better so that
+dcju1S-TeA8-00120-00041760-00041936 at the end of the day we have this it it
+dcju1S-TeA8-00121-00041937-00042242 is timely interested into the
+dcju1S-TeA8-00122-00042243-00042482 institutional repository and the last
+dcju1S-TeA8-00123-00042483-00042910 objective is that we want to propose the
+dcju1S-TeA8-00124-00042911-00043196 workflows that can reduce the chain
+dcju1S-TeA8-00125-00043197-00043463 around time between the time that they
+dcju1S-TeA8-00126-00043464-00043918 are submitted to the time of ingestion
+dcju1S-TeA8-00127-00043919-00044192 the statement of the problem like we did
+dcju1S-TeA8-00128-00044193-00044729 say at the beginning we think that for a
+dcju1S-TeA8-00129-00044730-00045113 university to attend you know quality in
+dcju1S-TeA8-00130-00045114-00045533 terms of research they should have good
+dcju1S-TeA8-00131-00045534-00046127 quality you know a researcher research
+dcju1S-TeA8-00132-00046128-00046376 resources so this can only be done if
+dcju1S-TeA8-00133-00046377-00046766 people are you know publishing and these
+dcju1S-TeA8-00134-00046767-00047012 materials are made available timely in
+dcju1S-TeA8-00135-00047013-00047252 to the institutional repository so
+dcju1S-TeA8-00136-00047253-00047486 that's the problem that we are trying to
+dcju1S-TeA8-00137-00047487-00047960 look at so our our our institutional
+dcju1S-TeA8-00138-00047961-00048470 repository as it stands lacks the the
+dcju1S-TeA8-00139-00048471-00048809 recent ETD is present in there and this
+dcju1S-TeA8-00140-00048810-00049118 leads to research duplication and low
+dcju1S-TeA8-00141-00049119-00049646 quality over say which output so maybe
+dcju1S-TeA8-00142-00049647-00050093 just to run through how skip at a number
+dcju1S-TeA8-00143-00050094-00050492 of things I just want to share
+dcju1S-TeA8-00144-00050493-00050754 the progress that we've made because I
+dcju1S-TeA8-00145-00050755-00051051 think that's a from what we were guided
+dcju1S-TeA8-00146-00051052-00051329 this is what you want to know doc how
+dcju1S-TeA8-00147-00051330-00051725 far have we gone in the message so we
+dcju1S-TeA8-00148-00051726-00051944 are glad to report that this week has
+dcju1S-TeA8-00149-00051945-00052277 been submitted for ethical clearance at
+dcju1S-TeA8-00150-00052278-00052587 the RGS and for us to submit obviously
+dcju1S-TeA8-00151-00052588-00052878 we needed to get clearance by from our
+dcju1S-TeA8-00152-00052879-00053148 two supervisors we got clearance from
+dcju1S-TeA8-00153-00053149-00053400 our two supervisors and submitted two
+dcju1S-TeA8-00154-00053401-00053813 DRGs for clearance and so as we await
+dcju1S-TeA8-00155-00053814-00054087 clearance from DRGs we thought we cannot
+dcju1S-TeA8-00156-00054088-00054474 just sit we we think there's two other
+dcju1S-TeA8-00157-00054475-00054766 things that we can do that you do not
+dcju1S-TeA8-00158-00054767-00055169 that are not is carry sensitive so under
+dcju1S-TeA8-00159-00055170-00055479 objective one we thought we could still
+dcju1S-TeA8-00160-00055479-00055718 go ahead and look at they turnaround
+dcju1S-TeA8-00161-00055719-00056049 time that is associated with submission
+dcju1S-TeA8-00162-00056050-00056274 and ingestion so we went into the
+dcju1S-TeA8-00163-00056275-00056484 institutional repository and managed to
+dcju1S-TeA8-00164-00056485-00057038 have best 3580 d--'s from the
+dcju1S-TeA8-00165-00057039-00057251 institutional repository so in
+dcju1S-TeA8-00166-00057252-00057506 harvesting we have vested and committed
+dcju1S-TeA8-00167-00057507-00057873 they have received data from XML to
+dcju1S-TeA8-00168-00057874-00058209 Excel we also cleaned the wake and
+dcju1S-TeA8-00169-00058210-00058575 computed the different submission dates
+dcju1S-TeA8-00170-00058576-00058971 and publication so in short we computed
+dcju1S-TeA8-00171-00058972-00059388 the turnaround time but after looking at
+dcju1S-TeA8-00172-00059389-00059654 what we were doing we discovered that
+dcju1S-TeA8-00173-00059654-00059937 our institutional repository actually
+dcju1S-TeA8-00174-00059938-00060386 wrongly captured the depths of
+dcju1S-TeA8-00175-00060387-00060788 submission so we needed to go back and
+dcju1S-TeA8-00176-00060789-00061425 we revisited the depths of submission so
+dcju1S-TeA8-00177-00061426-00061659 they are basically just sayings date of
+dcju1S-TeA8-00178-00061660-00061890 submission and death of ingestion was
+dcju1S-TeA8-00179-00061891-00062156 the same date basically just a mistake
+dcju1S-TeA8-00180-00062157-00062559 on the part of our colleagues from the
+dcju1S-TeA8-00181-00062560-00062975 library so in view of this we we are
+dcju1S-TeA8-00182-00062976-00063354 working with transcribed data from the
+dcju1S-TeA8-00183-00063354-00063688 48 students we will acknowledge this
+dcju1S-TeA8-00184-00063689-00064107 as from the source we went work
+dcju1S-TeA8-00185-00064108-00064301 knowledge in a week that we got this
+dcju1S-TeA8-00186-00064302-00064638 data from the fossil students who
+dcju1S-TeA8-00187-00064639-00064998 transcribed data with the correct dates
+dcju1S-TeA8-00188-00064999-00065379 so we are working on computing the
+dcju1S-TeA8-00189-00065380-00065629 turnaround time using the correct dates
+dcju1S-TeA8-00190-00065630-00065838 that we are transcribed by the
+dcju1S-TeA8-00191-00065839-00066244 fourth-year students whether we are also
+dcju1S-TeA8-00192-00066245-00066438 glad to report that we started working
+dcju1S-TeA8-00193-00066439-00066760 on chapter four because we thought this
+dcju1S-TeA8-00194-00066761-00067018 is another area that we could work on so
+dcju1S-TeA8-00195-00067019-00067197 under Chapter four we are basically
+dcju1S-TeA8-00196-00067198-00067723 discussing the steps that we took all
+dcju1S-TeA8-00197-00067724-00068041 the steps that we are taking in Chapter
+dcju1S-TeA8-00198-00068042-00068344 one from harvesting data how are we
+dcju1S-TeA8-00199-00068345-00068560 harvested in data what tools what
+dcju1S-TeA8-00200-00068561-00068959 protocols are we using investing this
+dcju1S-TeA8-00201-00068960-00069184 data how are we converting the data from
+dcju1S-TeA8-00202-00069185-00069544 XML to excel how are we filtering the
+dcju1S-TeA8-00203-00069545-00069892 data and so forth so in Chapter four we
+dcju1S-TeA8-00204-00069893-00070128 are discussing all these processes and
+dcju1S-TeA8-00205-00070129-00070597 also under objective one they study also
+dcju1S-TeA8-00206-00070598-00070813 on to appreciate the turnaround time as
+dcju1S-TeA8-00207-00070814-00070996 reflected by other institutional
+dcju1S-TeA8-00208-00070997-00071338 repositories so we we are also we have
+dcju1S-TeA8-00209-00071339-00071538 identified three institutional
+dcju1S-TeA8-00210-00071539-00071766 repositories that we want to work with
+dcju1S-TeA8-00211-00071767-00072163 and so we want to see how our friends in
+dcju1S-TeA8-00212-00072164-00072297 the developing
+dcju1S-TeA8-00213-00072298-00072535 institutions are doing in terms of the
+dcju1S-TeA8-00214-00072536-00073150 turnaround time further we we also
+dcju1S-TeA8-00215-00073151-00073428 thought that as we are waiting for our
+dcju1S-TeA8-00216-00073429-00073753 document to be certified by the ethical
+dcju1S-TeA8-00217-00073754-00074074 committee we we thought we could start
+dcju1S-TeA8-00218-00074075-00074278 engaging the people that we are
+dcju1S-TeA8-00219-00074279-00074662 targeting as our you know the people
+dcju1S-TeA8-00220-00074663-00074848 that we're going to collect data from so
+dcju1S-TeA8-00221-00074849-00075121 we contacted the library and we
+dcju1S-TeA8-00222-00075122-00075493 constituted a team of three members that
+dcju1S-TeA8-00223-00075494-00075732 we intend to engage in a discussion a
+dcju1S-TeA8-00224-00075733-00076186 focus group discussion so we we just
+dcju1S-TeA8-00225-00076187-00076513 want to familiarize them to the to the
+dcju1S-TeA8-00226-00076514-00076867 study what we are doing and so we are in
+dcju1S-TeA8-00227-00076868-00076984 touch and in disguise
+dcju1S-TeA8-00228-00076985-00077307 with them so once the ethical clearance
+dcju1S-TeA8-00229-00077308-00077631 comes through we will go ahead and have
+dcju1S-TeA8-00230-00077632-00077853 either an online or a physical
+dcju1S-TeA8-00231-00077854-00078362 discussion with the library we have also
+dcju1S-TeA8-00232-00078363-00078681 conducted five postgraduate coordinators
+dcju1S-TeA8-00233-00078682-00079131 from the various schools this we we hope
+dcju1S-TeA8-00234-00079132-00079437 to send them questionnaires through
+dcju1S-TeA8-00235-00079438-00079780 Google survey because if the the copic
+dcju1S-TeA8-00236-00079781-00080025 19 situation continues then we might as
+dcju1S-TeA8-00237-00080026-00080317 well you know continuing with our ik so
+dcju1S-TeA8-00238-00080318-00080499 we hope to send them this push the
+dcju1S-TeA8-00239-00080500-00080718 question is that we have through Google
+dcju1S-TeA8-00240-00080719-00081142 survey and our target is to reach out to
+dcju1S-TeA8-00241-00081143-00081549 the team postgraduates coordinators the
+dcju1S-TeA8-00242-00081550-00081766 other thing that we have done is to
+dcju1S-TeA8-00243-00081767-00082072 initiate a conversation with the
+dcju1S-TeA8-00244-00082073-00082619 assistant registrar DRGs so we we also
+dcju1S-TeA8-00245-00082620-00083059 have started the conversation with the
+dcju1S-TeA8-00246-00083060-00083294 assistant registrar with the view that
+dcju1S-TeA8-00247-00083295-00083635 we could have audience with her so that
+dcju1S-TeA8-00248-00083636-00083929 we see you know the type of documents
+dcju1S-TeA8-00249-00083930-00084235 they have and the processes they
+dcju1S-TeA8-00250-00084236-00084617 undertake when they it is reach them
+dcju1S-TeA8-00251-00084618-00084999 yeah so the and objective 3 we are also
+dcju1S-TeA8-00252-00085000-00085372 reviewing it is submission modules from
+dcju1S-TeA8-00253-00085373-00085729 various universities this will help us
+dcju1S-TeA8-00254-00085730-00086163 to to propose the model a prototype
+dcju1S-TeA8-00255-00086164-00086434 system that we would like to propose and
+dcju1S-TeA8-00256-00086435-00086937 will be later tested and so in that
+dcju1S-TeA8-00257-00086938-00087091 space that's that's what we are also
+dcju1S-TeA8-00258-00087092-00087835 doing now I think that's so that we can
+dcju1S-TeA8-00259-00087836-00088390 report him in view of time yeah thank
+dcju1S-TeA8-00260-00088391-00088800 you so much all right thank you very
+dcju1S-TeA8-00261-00088801-00089023 much you actually had plenty of time two
+dcju1S-TeA8-00262-00089024-00089272 more minutes here and I don't know if
+dcju1S-TeA8-00263-00089273-00089653 they in view of time there was something
+dcju1S-TeA8-00264-00089654-00089824 on this I just like to thank you so much
+dcju1S-TeA8-00265-00089825-00090075 for the the presentation Angela for the
+dcju1S-TeA8-00266-00090076-00090296 progress
+dcju1S-TeA8-00267-00090297-00090500 I mean I haven't made knowledge of the
+dcju1S-TeA8-00268-00090501-00090845 of the project itself so it's not really
+dcju1S-TeA8-00269-00090846-00091037 for me but it's meant for you and I
+dcju1S-TeA8-00270-00091038-00091277 guess the other colleagues but the other
+dcju1S-TeA8-00271-00091278-00091619 students that I work with but I don't
+dcju1S-TeA8-00272-00091620-00091751 know if they're any questions here and
+dcju1S-TeA8-00273-00091752-00091889 as people are thinking about questions
+dcju1S-TeA8-00274-00091890-00092219 just to mention that what I enjoy is is
+dcju1S-TeA8-00275-00092220-00092462 is waiting quietly it does this money to
+dcju1S-TeA8-00276-00092463-00092894 piece of a bigger puzzle right so in the
+dcju1S-TeA8-00277-00092895-00093062 past we work with fourth-year students
+dcju1S-TeA8-00278-00093063-00093308 that have have worked on stimulant
+dcju1S-TeA8-00279-00093309-00093656 related problem right and I hope the
+dcju1S-TeA8-00280-00093657-00093869 services available but if you're curious
+dcju1S-TeA8-00281-00093870-00094186 at one time fine time and access the
+dcju1S-TeA8-00282-00094187-00094415 it's an archive it's a departmental
+dcju1S-TeA8-00283-00094416-00094619 archive for the Department of Labor
+dcju1S-TeA8-00284-00094620-00094799 information silence we use it archive
+dcju1S-TeA8-00285-00094800-00095105 research output in the in the department
+dcju1S-TeA8-00286-00095106-00095291 so it's a I guess what I'm trying to say
+dcju1S-TeA8-00287-00095292-00095426 is what anger is working towards is
+dcju1S-TeA8-00288-00095427-00095612 linked to a number of other projects
+dcju1S-TeA8-00289-00095613-00095816 that other students have worked on and
+dcju1S-TeA8-00290-00095817-00096041 in fact if robot was around you're
+dcju1S-TeA8-00291-00096042-00096230 probably going into to be able to piece
+dcju1S-TeA8-00292-00096231-00096368 together these different pieces because
+dcju1S-TeA8-00293-00096369-00096664 robot happens to be working on some
+dcju1S-TeA8-00294-00096665-00096919 aspects that are related to Angela's
+dcju1S-TeA8-00295-00096920-00097262 Angela's topic chosen topic so yeah I
+dcju1S-TeA8-00296-00097263-00097622 don't know if any questions about
+dcju1S-TeA8-00297-00097623-00097874 institution repository I don't have a
+dcju1S-TeA8-00298-00097875-00098378 question that's kawaii yes thank you um
+dcju1S-TeA8-00299-00098379-00098926 hi madam Angela hello hey how are you
+dcju1S-TeA8-00300-00098927-00099274 I'm fine thanks I want to know they're
+dcju1S-TeA8-00301-00099275-00099806 3,500 harvested it in the repository and
+dcju1S-TeA8-00302-00099807-00100043 these did all of them that I held in
+dcju1S-TeA8-00303-00100044-00100598 their ones a repository okay these are
+dcju1S-TeA8-00304-00100599-00100952 not all of them we we currently do have
+dcju1S-TeA8-00305-00100953-00101366 a challenge with the script that I'm
+dcju1S-TeA8-00306-00101367-00101759 using to harvest so that is a part of
+dcju1S-TeA8-00307-00101760-00102242 the data it's not all of them okay and
+dcju1S-TeA8-00308-00102243-00102503 then I don't know if you are able to
+dcju1S-TeA8-00309-00102504-00102661 mention they are dying situations you're
+dcju1S-TeA8-00310-00102663-00102907 working with just out of interest
+dcju1S-TeA8-00311-00102908-00103055 because we are also trying to come up
+dcju1S-TeA8-00312-00103056-00103291 with a repository at my workplace
+dcju1S-TeA8-00313-00103292-00103516 okay the institutions that will be
+dcju1S-TeA8-00314-00103517-00103647 identified that would
+dcju1S-TeA8-00315-00103648-00104291 to review if okay so you see tea is one
+dcju1S-TeA8-00316-00104292-00104847 of them and so the others not so clear
+dcju1S-TeA8-00317-00104848-00105185 yet because we are still reviewing how
+dcju1S-TeA8-00318-00105186-00105410 good that they because we can only
+dcju1S-TeA8-00319-00105411-00105696 compare with something that is of a
+dcju1S-TeA8-00320-00105697-00105863 higher standard if we pick something of
+dcju1S-TeA8-00321-00105864-00106107 the lowest and that then we might be
+dcju1S-TeA8-00322-00106108-00106323 shooting in the air so most of those
+dcju1S-TeA8-00323-00106324-00106596 that have been checking I noticed that
+dcju1S-TeA8-00324-00106597-00106806 they also have the challenge of this
+dcju1S-TeA8-00325-00106807-00107078 turnaround time so I do want you know to
+dcju1S-TeA8-00326-00107079-00107288 only those that are doing frame and you
+dcju1S-TeA8-00327-00107289-00107558 City University of Technology South
+dcju1S-TeA8-00328-00107559-00107820 Africa is the only one so far that have
+dcju1S-TeA8-00329-00107821-00108270 said all right okay thank you yes it is
+dcju1S-TeA8-00330-00108271-00108416 Universal kick clock but here's the
+dcju1S-TeA8-00331-00108417-00108570 thing I don't know I know this is
+dcju1S-TeA8-00332-00108571-00108800 important I don't if you've picked up on
+dcju1S-TeA8-00333-00108801-00109050 something that I find interesting coming
+dcju1S-TeA8-00334-00109051-00109344 from from da koi and and I happened the
+dcju1S-TeA8-00335-00109345-00109460 koi by the way in case people are
+dcju1S-TeA8-00336-00109461-00109797 wondering the koi is a dipsh librarian
+dcju1S-TeA8-00337-00109798-00110078 at the cat's university so she's not
+dcju1S-TeA8-00338-00110079-00110291 just a student but she works she has
+dcju1S-TeA8-00339-00110292-00110421 experience with these things and we've
+dcju1S-TeA8-00340-00110422-00110673 been interacting with zika's in the
+dcju1S-TeA8-00341-00110674-00111050 sidelines and more recently were invited
+dcju1S-TeA8-00342-00111051-00111198 to attend the curriculum where we shared
+dcju1S-TeA8-00343-00111199-00112257 our experiences at right
+dcju1S-TeA8-00344-00112258-00112536 I'm trying to find out if the part of
+dcju1S-TeA8-00345-00112537-00112701 your research the objectives that
+dcju1S-TeA8-00346-00112702-00113554 involved
+dcju1S-TeA8-00347-00113555-00114262 hello hello light and I've lost you an
+dcju1S-TeA8-00348-00114263-00114376 evaluation with the case of where
+dcju1S-TeA8-00349-00114377-00114502 establish wait for Sims
+dcju1S-TeA8-00350-00114503-00115133 hello you know I was cute okay can you
+dcju1S-TeA8-00351-00115133-00115706 hear me now go yes I can okay so what I
+dcju1S-TeA8-00352-00115707-00116065 was saying is a Wow well while the
+dcju1S-TeA8-00353-00116066-00116408 Cohens question was more specific in
+dcju1S-TeA8-00354-00116408-00116633 hard trying to find out which which
+dcju1S-TeA8-00355-00116633-00116827 which are these universities saying I
+dcju1S-TeA8-00356-00116828-00117233 mean waking me you might want to
+dcju1S-TeA8-00357-00117233-00117466 consider interacting with zika's
+dcju1S-TeA8-00358-00117467-00117760 University of zika's why because they've
+dcju1S-TeA8-00359-00117761-00118022 just recently set up a repository and so
+dcju1S-TeA8-00360-00118023-00118240 what you could do actually is try and
+dcju1S-TeA8-00361-00118241-00118486 see how you can involve them in that
+dcju1S-TeA8-00362-00118487-00118804 last objective of yours we're going to
+dcju1S-TeA8-00363-00118805-00119021 evaluate these workflows because my
+dcju1S-TeA8-00364-00119022-00119248 understanding was that at least the
+dcju1S-TeA8-00365-00119249-00119428 current plan anyways that you're going
+dcju1S-TeA8-00366-00119429-00119734 to use a moon all right but you could
+dcju1S-TeA8-00367-00119735-00119899 extend it even further and just involve
+dcju1S-TeA8-00368-00119900-00120490 Zika morning is yeah life interesting
+dcju1S-TeA8-00369-00120491-00120746 especially that and by the way so some
+dcju1S-TeA8-00370-00120747-00121015 points we've been discussing with Angela
+dcju1S-TeA8-00371-00121016-00121387 dokgo a Kibeho and and robot master
+dcju1S-TeA8-00372-00121388-00121646 students is you know how we can notify
+dcju1S-TeA8-00373-00121647-00121987 our previous plans so that they fit into
+dcju1S-TeA8-00374-00121988-00122294 this hope hope mid-nineteen pandemic
+dcju1S-TeA8-00375-00122295-00122611 because if you look at some of Angela's
+dcju1S-TeA8-00376-00122612-00122831 objectives you notice that the last two
+dcju1S-TeA8-00377-00122832-00122957 actually the last through last two
+dcju1S-TeA8-00378-00122958-00123206 involve who might've of some aspect of
+dcju1S-TeA8-00379-00123207-00123421 high interacting to in beings right
+dcju1S-TeA8-00380-00123422-00123724 because of what's currently going on
+dcju1S-TeA8-00381-00123725-00123973 right now we've been having discussions
+dcju1S-TeA8-00382-00123974-00124210 on how we can go about modifying these
+dcju1S-TeA8-00383-00124211-00124331 objectives so that maybe you take
+dcju1S-TeA8-00384-00124332-00124528 advantage of platforms like what we are
+dcju1S-TeA8-00385-00124529-00124706 using right now so if the thing you're
+dcju1S-TeA8-00386-00124707-00124840 going to have a focus group discussion
+dcju1S-TeA8-00387-00124841-00125052 why not just do it online because people
+dcju1S-TeA8-00388-00125053-00125428 want I guess they won't don't be happy
+dcju1S-TeA8-00389-00125429-00125543 with the fact that you want to go and
+dcju1S-TeA8-00390-00125544-00125672 interact with them face to face but
+dcju1S-TeA8-00391-00125673-00125998 anyway thanks for that I don't have any
+dcju1S-TeA8-00392-00125999-00126286 other questions yeah I do I sent a text
+dcju1S-TeA8-00393-00126287-00126541 from the group thing is there's no raise
+dcju1S-TeA8-00394-00126542-00126769 hand feature here so
+dcju1S-TeA8-00395-00126770-00127836 you know aha right sorry no you know I
+dcju1S-TeA8-00396-00127838-00128125 can get you oh I just know a few
+dcju1S-TeA8-00397-00128126-00128341 questions it's just again it has to do
+dcju1S-TeA8-00398-00128342-00128470 with my background I don't really have a
+dcju1S-TeA8-00399-00128471-00128614 background in sort of information
+dcju1S-TeA8-00400-00128615-00128910 science or library sciences just pure
+dcju1S-TeA8-00401-00128911-00129097 computer science I suppose so the first
+dcju1S-TeA8-00402-00129098-00129223 question out of the head was you
+dcju1S-TeA8-00403-00129224-00129391 mentioned that there's a difference
+dcju1S-TeA8-00404-00129392-00129616 between publication and the publication
+dcju1S-TeA8-00405-00129617-00129802 date and the ingestion gate can you just
+dcju1S-TeA8-00406-00129803-00129994 clarify what that means and what that
+dcju1S-TeA8-00407-00129995-00130300 difference is rather okay thank you for
+dcju1S-TeA8-00408-00130301-00130576 that question actually publication did
+dcju1S-TeA8-00409-00130577-00130911 and the ingestion date is one date so
+dcju1S-TeA8-00410-00130913-00131284 you find that Dublin Hall has defined
+dcju1S-TeA8-00411-00131285-00131599 them differently we have about maybe
+dcju1S-TeA8-00412-00131600-00131844 three or four dates
+dcju1S-TeA8-00413-00131845-00132286 however publication dates and ingestion
+dcju1S-TeA8-00414-00132287-00132670 that is basically the same date so the
+dcju1S-TeA8-00415-00132671-00132891 dates that is different is the
+dcju1S-TeA8-00416-00132892-00133420 submission date young submission date or
+dcju1S-TeA8-00417-00133421-00133968 movie accession as the date accessioned
+dcju1S-TeA8-00418-00133969-00134233 thank you so I think it's all I was
+dcju1S-TeA8-00419-00134234-00134431 trying to find out more on what these
+dcju1S-TeA8-00420-00134432-00134620 dates are all about so what is
+dcju1S-TeA8-00421-00134621-00134827 interesting going on what is admission
+dcju1S-TeA8-00422-00134828-00135004 date and what's the relationship between
+dcju1S-TeA8-00423-00135005-00135097 these two things
+dcju1S-TeA8-00424-00135098-00135259 when tied to what you're doing I think
+dcju1S-TeA8-00425-00135260-00135703 that's well as question so we are
+dcju1S-TeA8-00426-00135704-00136021 looking at these dates as a as a core
+dcju1S-TeA8-00427-00136022-00136297 variable because they are the ones that
+dcju1S-TeA8-00428-00136298-00136705 shows us a story on how long these ETS
+dcju1S-TeA8-00429-00136706-00137044 take from the date the student graduates
+dcju1S-TeA8-00430-00137045-00137470 and submit to the school and to the
+dcju1S-TeA8-00431-00137471-00137737 depth that they are placed into the
+dcju1S-TeA8-00432-00137738-00138007 institutional repository remember we say
+dcju1S-TeA8-00433-00138008-00138202 that there are a lot of processes that
+dcju1S-TeA8-00434-00138203-00138433 take place in the background when a
+dcju1S-TeA8-00435-00138434-00138679 student submits this document for each
+dcju1S-TeA8-00436-00138680-00138976 to for it to be finally put into the
+dcju1S-TeA8-00437-00138977-00139159 institutional repository there are all
+dcju1S-TeA8-00438-00139160-00139534 these processes that go on that we do
+dcju1S-TeA8-00439-00139535-00139717 want to understand first of all then
+dcju1S-TeA8-00440-00139718-00139972 secondly we we have already identified
+dcju1S-TeA8-00441-00139973-00140200 the problem that
+dcju1S-TeA8-00442-00140201-00140513 the documents take too long to be placed
+dcju1S-TeA8-00443-00140514-00140909 there so the the deaths that we have in
+dcju1S-TeA8-00444-00140910-00141428 place we have you know debt the debt
+dcju1S-TeA8-00445-00141429-00141668 that the documents are submitted so that
+dcju1S-TeA8-00446-00141669-00141923 submission the date of submission
+dcju1S-TeA8-00447-00141924-00142208 according to mm Co the other debt is a
+dcju1S-TeA8-00448-00142209-00142427 debt accession
+dcju1S-TeA8-00449-00142428-00142751 so these are digs that the technical
+dcju1S-TeA8-00450-00142752-00142919 people in the library are working on
+dcju1S-TeA8-00451-00142920-00143225 these documents to finally publish them
+dcju1S-TeA8-00452-00143226-00143492 and then we have publication depth which
+dcju1S-TeA8-00453-00143493-00143996 is also synonymous to depth ingestion
+dcju1S-TeA8-00454-00143997-00144404 the depth of ingestion okay okay thank
+dcju1S-TeA8-00455-00144405-00145154 you the other questioning is not really
+dcju1S-TeA8-00456-00145155-00145378 a question but is suggestion
+dcju1S-TeA8-00457-00145379-00145598 currently you know you frame the problem
+dcju1S-TeA8-00458-00145599-00145919 is that saying I believe the issue is
+dcju1S-TeA8-00459-00145920-00146060 that it takes too long to get really
+dcju1S-TeA8-00460-00146061-00146468 published the dissertations or theses
+dcju1S-TeA8-00461-00146469-00146696 right now the problem is if you see in
+dcju1S-TeA8-00462-00146697-00146903 this is you are currently assuming that
+dcju1S-TeA8-00463-00146904-00147044 the reason why that happens is due to
+dcju1S-TeA8-00464-00147045-00147251 the work flow now suppose you were to
+dcju1S-TeA8-00465-00147252-00147398 improve the workflow and at the end
+dcju1S-TeA8-00466-00147399-00147521 you'll find that there's no difference
+dcju1S-TeA8-00467-00147522-00147715 in the time it takes it's still too long
+dcju1S-TeA8-00468-00147716-00147983 it because the problem is not it doesn't
+dcju1S-TeA8-00469-00147984-00148136 have to do with the work flow it would
+dcju1S-TeA8-00470-00148137-00148256 mean that at the end of the thesis you
+dcju1S-TeA8-00471-00148257-00148433 haven't actually solved the problem you
+dcju1S-TeA8-00472-00148434-00148922 stated in the beginning restructure it a
+dcju1S-TeA8-00473-00148923-00149141 bit just to be clear what exactly were
+dcju1S-TeA8-00474-00149142-00149483 trying to do okay thank you so much for
+dcju1S-TeA8-00475-00149484-00149693 that observation very valid valid
+dcju1S-TeA8-00476-00149694-00150062 observation actually saw from the
+dcju1S-TeA8-00477-00150063-00150293 preliminary works that we've been doing
+dcju1S-TeA8-00478-00150294-00150605 and they're collecting by chatting with
+dcju1S-TeA8-00479-00150606-00150923 the various people we noticed that
+dcju1S-TeA8-00480-00150924-00151229 actually the workflows are the key
+dcju1S-TeA8-00481-00151230-00151606 things that are leading to this delay
+dcju1S-TeA8-00482-00151607-00151973 because when we look at other
+dcju1S-TeA8-00483-00151974-00152216 institutions that are having so far
+dcju1S-TeA8-00484-00152217-00152537 caving for example when a student
+dcju1S-TeA8-00485-00152538-00152756 graduates then you just have a person
+dcju1S-TeA8-00486-00152757-00153079 who is just validating your document and
+dcju1S-TeA8-00487-00153080-00153517 ingesting it you know if it is
+dcju1S-TeA8-00488-00153518-00153760 quicker but what could be killing us
+dcju1S-TeA8-00489-00153761-00154030 could be the workflow so I might
+dcju1S-TeA8-00490-00154031-00154204 optimistic that that's why are the
+dcju1S-TeA8-00491-00154205-00154645 problem lies on the workflows but should
+dcju1S-TeA8-00492-00154646-00154846 it turn out then that it's not the
+dcju1S-TeA8-00493-00154847-00155230 workflows like like you observe I still
+dcju1S-TeA8-00494-00155231-00155569 think that which they suggested the
+dcju1S-TeA8-00495-00155570-00155923 prototype we think the problem of delay
+dcju1S-TeA8-00496-00155924-00156169 the submission of it it is would still
+dcju1S-TeA8-00497-00156170-00156421 be addressed so we still think we of
+dcju1S-TeA8-00498-00156422-00156706 course in as far as address addressing
+dcju1S-TeA8-00499-00156707-00156883 the problem is concerned thank you
+dcju1S-TeA8-00500-00156884-00157272 well thanks so just I don't like I will
+dcju1S-TeA8-00501-00157273-00157480 this is being record this you want to
+dcju1S-TeA8-00502-00157481-00157633 play back what Zola is suggesting that
+dcju1S-TeA8-00503-00157634-00157882 you sort of like trendy restructure
+dcju1S-TeA8-00504-00157883-00158134 might restructure the problem statement
+dcju1S-TeA8-00505-00158135-00158356 and the object means just in the event
+dcju1S-TeA8-00506-00158357-00158653 that this workflow that this depend what
+dcju1S-TeA8-00507-00158654-00158884 was it again proposed do not in any way
+dcju1S-TeA8-00508-00158885-00159184 solve the problem right that's what you
+dcju1S-TeA8-00509-00159185-00159466 suggesting just something to think about
+dcju1S-TeA8-00510-00159467-00159619 it you want to play back what you just
+dcju1S-TeA8-00511-00159620-00160051 say at the later stage right so
+dcju1S-TeA8-00512-00160052-00160201 something else in case people are
+dcju1S-TeA8-00513-00160202-00160384 wondering work with yeah and I know
+dcju1S-TeA8-00514-00160385-00160678 maybe Group C to K COO have an idea
+dcju1S-TeA8-00515-00160679-00160795 what's really only because one of the
+dcju1S-TeA8-00516-00160796-00160966 topics that I suggested they look out
+dcju1S-TeA8-00517-00160967-00161206 was this whole notion ittt on this but
+dcju1S-TeA8-00518-00161207-00161674 but Zola if you go to our cause it right
+dcju1S-TeA8-00519-00161675-00162013 what you will realize is that we we
+dcju1S-TeA8-00520-00162014-00162247 actually are still struggling to ingest
+dcju1S-TeA8-00521-00162248-00162499 things that were submitted in 2018
+dcju1S-TeA8-00522-00162500-00162838 now I know this personally because I'm
+dcju1S-TeA8-00523-00162839-00163087 part of parents according the Planning
+dcju1S-TeA8-00524-00163088-00163324 Committee and pepper or might have been
+dcju1S-TeA8-00525-00163325-00163480 invited to work on some aspect of that
+dcju1S-TeA8-00526-00163481-00163690 what we've been doing the last couple
+dcju1S-TeA8-00527-00163691-00163933 month with waiting on a research report
+dcju1S-TeA8-00528-00163934-00164233 for institution and sadly we weren't
+dcju1S-TeA8-00529-00164234-00164377 able to incorporate
+dcju1S-TeA8-00530-00164378-00164698 output associated with electron kisses
+dcju1S-TeA8-00531-00164699-00164764 and acetate
+dcju1S-TeA8-00532-00164765-00165719 just because it data is not there
+dcju1S-TeA8-00533-00165720-00166076 welcome I see sorry I just have one last
+dcju1S-TeA8-00534-00166077-00166591 question now for Angela before I forget
+dcju1S-TeA8-00535-00166592-00166952 can you still hear me yes please thank
+dcju1S-TeA8-00536-00166953-00167273 you thank you so I'm not sure already
+dcju1S-TeA8-00537-00167274-00167445 firing missiles to Mars at some point
+dcju1S-TeA8-00538-00167446-00167627 you were referring to the system so are
+dcju1S-TeA8-00539-00167628-00167762 you saying that if suppose for instance
+dcju1S-TeA8-00540-00167763-00167987 you find that the specific issue in
+dcju1S-TeA8-00541-00167988-00168120 within the workflow itself that is
+dcju1S-TeA8-00542-00168121-00168282 causing the problem say for instance it
+dcju1S-TeA8-00543-00168283-00168456 takes too much time to I don't know
+dcju1S-TeA8-00544-00168457-00168641 categorize the various thesis right I
+dcju1S-TeA8-00545-00168642-00168897 want to build it to them to order to
+dcju1S-TeA8-00546-00168898-00169295 sort of automate some of these things
+dcju1S-TeA8-00547-00169296-00169535 exactly thank you so much
+dcju1S-TeA8-00548-00169536-00169862 yeah yes so what we are suggesting apart
+dcju1S-TeA8-00549-00169863-00170121 from just identifying the problem I'm
+dcju1S-TeA8-00550-00170122-00170394 talking to the various stakeholders to
+dcju1S-TeA8-00551-00170395-00170568 see the steps that they did the
+dcju1S-TeA8-00552-00170569-00170939 processes that they they do you know in
+dcju1S-TeA8-00553-00170940-00171147 as far as processing of these entities
+dcju1S-TeA8-00554-00171148-00171420 are concerned so we also wanted to
+dcju1S-TeA8-00555-00171421-00172059 propose a prototype that would better a
+dcju1S-TeA8-00556-00172060-00172439 process they did at the time you know so
+dcju1S-TeA8-00557-00172440-00172649 that will remember us do things in real
+dcju1S-TeA8-00558-00172650-00173137 time so yes we are proposing if system
+dcju1S-TeA8-00559-00173138-00173402 Thanks thank you so much
+dcju1S-TeA8-00560-00173403-00173854 I find Zola so angela is a is a master
+dcju1S-TeA8-00561-00173855-00174038 she's pursuing a massive library
+dcju1S-TeA8-00562-00174039-00174251 information science right she's no
+dcju1S-TeA8-00563-00174252-00174464 computer science and the system she's
+dcju1S-TeA8-00564-00174465-00174704 talking about these aspects to do it by
+dcju1S-TeA8-00565-00174705-00174918 just modifying his face because they own
+dcju1S-TeA8-00566-00174919-00175103 the institutional quality using his disk
+dcju1S-TeA8-00567-00175104-00175439 space so if she discovers to say some
+dcju1S-TeA8-00568-00175440-00175596 aspect of the current submission with
+dcju1S-TeA8-00569-00175597-00175889 phony to defied her ojiisan picot to
+dcju1S-TeA8-00570-00175890-00176054 make alterations to the current workflow
+dcju1S-TeA8-00571-00176055-00176290 so that maybe she cooperates
+dcju1S-TeA8-00572-00176291-00176540 stakeholders that are not currently part
+dcju1S-TeA8-00573-00176541-00176789 of that process of industry quantity to
+dcju1S-TeA8-00574-00176790-00176997 the position so not really building a
+dcju1S-TeA8-00575-00176998-00177263 sense to scratch but rather just make
+dcju1S-TeA8-00576-00177264-00177734 sense yep indeed okay theory and animal
+dcju1S-TeA8-00577-00177735-00178037 circumstances out entry DP it's bad form
+dcju1S-TeA8-00578-00178038-00178301 to answer on the behalf of students but
+dcju1S-TeA8-00579-00178302-00178541 I just thought people should should be
+dcju1S-TeA8-00580-00178542-00178661 given some sort of background
+dcju1S-TeA8-00581-00178662-00178787 information with what's going on behind
+dcju1S-TeA8-00582-00178788-00179168 this thing okay
+dcju1S-TeA8-00583-00179169-00179779 hello hello dr. B yes hi hi how are you
+dcju1S-TeA8-00584-00179780-00180014 good things going with your question
+dcju1S-TeA8-00585-00180015-00180333 people mother bunch and how are you a
+dcju1S-TeA8-00586-00180334-00180621 monkey can be able Hawaii I'm all right
+dcju1S-TeA8-00587-00180622-00180807 that was a good presentation and I
+dcju1S-TeA8-00588-00180808-00181086 really enjoyed it for me it's a stay it
+dcju1S-TeA8-00589-00181087-00181257 couldn't send out sorry with the invest
+dcju1S-TeA8-00590-00181258-00181497 of Sam gasps - shuttle depository I once
+dcju1S-TeA8-00591-00181498-00181754 worked there for two years where
+dcju1S-TeA8-00592-00181755-00181994 students actually could submit and
+dcju1S-TeA8-00593-00181995-00182228 dissertations or theses Sanders thesis
+dcju1S-TeA8-00594-00182229-00182520 acts are web empowered and if you can go
+dcju1S-TeA8-00595-00182521-00182685 to the wise teacher repository defend
+dcju1S-TeA8-00596-00182686-00183036 that T probably maybe we have 4000 but
+dcju1S-TeA8-00597-00183037-00183258 we box repair did not numbers but
+dcju1S-TeA8-00598-00183259-00183365 nothing is happening
+dcju1S-TeA8-00599-00183366-00183687 so for me that is a wake-up call for the
+dcju1S-TeA8-00600-00183688-00183926 image of Gambia mainly branch artwork on
+dcju1S-TeA8-00601-00183927-00184221 it so many publications can pin you can
+dcju1S-TeA8-00602-00184222-00184376 be accessed by the students
+dcju1S-TeA8-00603-00184377-00184604 so congratulations Mademoiselle for that
+dcju1S-TeA8-00604-00184605-00184962 one thank you so much champion thank you
+dcju1S-TeA8-00605-00184963-00185429 thank you all right so I guess in the
+dcju1S-TeA8-00606-00185430-00185591 interest of time that'll be all for
+dcju1S-TeA8-00607-00185592-00185811 madam madam Angela if you want if you
+dcju1S-TeA8-00608-00185812-00185934 have specific questions you can reach
+dcju1S-TeA8-00609-00185935-00186069 out to me and I will share madam
+dcju1S-TeA8-00610-00186070-00186309 Angela's contact detail that you can
+dcju1S-TeA8-00611-00186310-00186566 find out more information
+dcRS31DbvkQ-00000-00000012-00000272 welcome back mechanically a did he know
+dcRS31DbvkQ-00001-00000273-00000545 that Agustin luis kashi was a French
+dcRS31DbvkQ-00002-00000546-00000763 mathematician engineer and physicist
+dcRS31DbvkQ-00003-00000764-00001115 after whom Kashi's theorem is named this
+dcRS31DbvkQ-00004-00001116-00001768 makes us wonder what is cautious theorem
+dcRS31DbvkQ-00005-00001769-00001997 before we jump in chair the previous
+dcRS31DbvkQ-00006-00001998-00002176 part of this series to learn about what
+dcRS31DbvkQ-00007-00002177-00002659 standard transformations are first we
+dcRS31DbvkQ-00008-00002660-00002822 need to know a little about line
+dcRS31DbvkQ-00009-00002823-00003080 integral of a complex variable which has
+dcRS31DbvkQ-00010-00003081-00003290 the following prerequisites the complex
+dcRS31DbvkQ-00011-00003290-00003326 plane
+dcRS31DbvkQ-00012-00003327-00003659 is z equals to x plus iy complex
+dcRS31DbvkQ-00013-00003660-00004006 differential is d z equals to DX plus i
+dcRS31DbvkQ-00014-00004007-00004304 into dy a curve in this plane is given
+dcRS31DbvkQ-00015-00004305-00004685 by gamma of T equals to X of T plus I
+dcRS31DbvkQ-00016-00004686-00004976 into y of T defined for closed interval
+dcRS31DbvkQ-00017-00004977-00005270 of a comma B a complex function f of Z
+dcRS31DbvkQ-00018-00005271-00005704 is equal to u of x comma y plus I into V
+dcRS31DbvkQ-00019-00005705-00006050 of X comma Y given this predict visits
+dcRS31DbvkQ-00020-00006051-00006259 we define the complex line integral in
+dcRS31DbvkQ-00021-00006260-00006614 the plane gamma as integral of Z DZ in
+dcRS31DbvkQ-00022-00006615-00007013 gamma equal to integral of A to B F of
+dcRS31DbvkQ-00023-00007014-00007542 gamma of T into gamma dash of T DT a
+dcRS31DbvkQ-00024-00007543-00007826 region is said to be simply connected if
+dcRS31DbvkQ-00025-00007827-00008063 any closed curve in that region can be
+dcRS31DbvkQ-00026-00008064-00008335 shrunk to a point without any part of it
+dcRS31DbvkQ-00027-00008336-00008671 leaving a region for example region c1
+dcRS31DbvkQ-00028-00008672-00008935 is simply connected as it can be shrink
+dcRS31DbvkQ-00029-00008936-00009227 into a point in region c2 is not simply
+dcRS31DbvkQ-00030-00009228-00009478 connected as it has a white void in the
+dcRS31DbvkQ-00031-00009479-00009785 middle cautious theorem states that if f
+dcRS31DbvkQ-00032-00009786-00010013 of Z is analytic everywhere within a
+dcRS31DbvkQ-00033-00010014-00010244 simply connected region then closed
+dcRS31DbvkQ-00034-00010245-00010610 integral of f of Z DZ is equal to 0 for
+dcRS31DbvkQ-00035-00010611-00010885 every simple closed Part C lying in the
+dcRS31DbvkQ-00036-00010886-00011064 region
+dcRS31DbvkQ-00037-00011065-00011387 hence we first saw what line integral of
+dcRS31DbvkQ-00038-00011388-00011749 a complex variable is and then went on
+dcRS31DbvkQ-00039-00011750-00012428 to see what cautious theorem is
+dcRS31DbvkQ-00040-00012429-00012684 so right subscribe and comment with your
+dcRS31DbvkQ-00041-00012685-00012846 feedback to help us make better videos
+dcRS31DbvkQ-00042-00012847-00012977 thanks for watching
+dcRS31DbvkQ-00043-00012978-00013272 also thanks a lot for those constructive
+dcRS31DbvkQ-00044-00013272-00013668 comments you helped the channel intro so
+dcRS31DbvkQ-00045-00013669-00013878 here are the top mechanical years of my
+dcRS31DbvkQ-00046-00013879-00014184 last videos in the next episode of
+dcRS31DbvkQ-00047-00014185-00014444 mechanically I find out what properties
+dcRS31DbvkQ-00048-00014445-00014778 of line integral are
+dhb8D_4F4KY-00000-00000119-00000438 now here is a practical technique
+dhb8D_4F4KY-00001-00000440-00000655 the first thing you do you must know
+dhb8D_4F4KY-00002-00000656-00000886 exactly what you want in this world
+dhb8D_4F4KY-00003-00000888-00001103 when you know exactly what you want
+dhb8D_4F4KY-00004-00001104-00001191 make
+dhb8D_4F4KY-00005-00001192-00001431 as life like a representation as
+dhb8D_4F4KY-00006-00001432-00001695 possible of what you would see
+dhb8D_4F4KY-00007-00001696-00001918 and what you would touch and what you
+dhb8D_4F4KY-00008-00001919-00002047 would do
+dhb8D_4F4KY-00009-00002048-00002359 i'm physically moving in such a state
+dhb8D_4F4KY-00010-00002360-00002671 for example suppose i wanted a home but
+dhb8D_4F4KY-00011-00002672-00002823 i had no money
+dhb8D_4F4KY-00012-00002824-00003039 but i still know what i want
+dhb8D_4F4KY-00013-00003040-00003191 i without taking anything into
+dhb8D_4F4KY-00014-00003192-00003470 consideration i would make as life like
+dhb8D_4F4KY-00015-00003471-00003695 a representation of the home that i
+dhb8D_4F4KY-00016-00003696-00003911 would like with all the things in it
+dhb8D_4F4KY-00017-00003911-00004038 that i would want
+dhb8D_4F4KY-00018-00004039-00004191 and then
+dhb8D_4F4KY-00019-00004192-00004479 this night as i would go to bed
+dhb8D_4F4KY-00020-00004480-00004791 i would in a state a drowsy sleepy state
+dhb8D_4F4KY-00021-00004792-00005086 the state that borders upon sleep
+dhb8D_4F4KY-00022-00005087-00005375 i would imagine that i am actually in
+dhb8D_4F4KY-00023-00005376-00005606 such a house that would like to step off
+dhb8D_4F4KY-00024-00005607-00005886 the bed i would step up on the floor of
+dhb8D_4F4KY-00025-00005887-00006206 that house where i to leave this room i
+dhb8D_4F4KY-00026-00006207-00006503 would enter the room that is adjacent to
+dhb8D_4F4KY-00027-00006504-00006798 my imagine room in that house
+dhb8D_4F4KY-00028-00006800-00006991 and while i am touching the furniture
+dhb8D_4F4KY-00029-00006992-00007214 and feeling it to be solidly real and
+dhb8D_4F4KY-00030-00007215-00007446 while i am moving from one room to the
+dhb8D_4F4KY-00031-00007447-00007742 other in my imaginary house i would go
+dhb8D_4F4KY-00032-00007743-00007991 sound asleep in that state
+dhb8D_4F4KY-00033-00007992-00008214 and i know that in a way
+dhb8D_4F4KY-00034-00008215-00008503 i could not consciously devise i would
+dhb8D_4F4KY-00035-00008504-00008742 realize my house i have seen it work
+dhb8D_4F4KY-00036-00008743-00008935 time and time again
+dhb8D_4F4KY-00037-00008936-00009191 if i wanted promotion in my business
+dhb8D_4F4KY-00038-00009192-00009399 i would ask myself what additional
+dhb8D_4F4KY-00039-00009400-00009623 responsibilities would be mine were i to
+dhb8D_4F4KY-00040-00009624-00009855 be given this great promotion
+dhb8D_4F4KY-00041-00009856-00010127 what would i do what would i say what
+dhb8D_4F4KY-00042-00010128-00010438 would i see how would i act and then in
+dhb8D_4F4KY-00043-00010439-00010735 my imagination i would begin to see and
+dhb8D_4F4KY-00044-00010736-00011046 touch and do and act as i would out
+dhb8D_4F4KY-00045-00011047-00011351 believe see and touch and act were i in
+dhb8D_4F4KY-00046-00011352-00011542 that position
+dhb8D_4F4KY-00047-00011543-00011903 if i now desired the mate of my life or
+dhb8D_4F4KY-00048-00011904-00012119 i now in search of some wonderful girl
+dhb8D_4F4KY-00049-00012120-00012310 or some wonderful man
+dhb8D_4F4KY-00050-00012311-00012623 what would i actually find myself doing
+dhb8D_4F4KY-00051-00012624-00012774 that would imply
+dhb8D_4F4KY-00052-00012775-00012935 that i have found
+dhb8D_4F4KY-00053-00012936-00013071 my state
+dhb8D_4F4KY-00054-00013072-00013343 for instance suppose now i was a lady
+dhb8D_4F4KY-00055-00013344-00013503 one thing i would definitely do i would
+dhb8D_4F4KY-00056-00013504-00013671 wear a wedding ring
+dhb8D_4F4KY-00057-00013672-00013935 i would take my imaginary hands and i
+dhb8D_4F4KY-00058-00013936-00014158 would feel the ring that i would imagine
+dhb8D_4F4KY-00059-00014159-00014279 to be there
+dhb8D_4F4KY-00060-00014280-00014463 and i would keep on feeling it and
+dhb8D_4F4KY-00061-00014463-00014566 feeling it
+dhb8D_4F4KY-00062-00014568-00014911 until it seemed to me to be solidly real
+dhb8D_4F4KY-00063-00014912-00015103 i would give it all the sensory
+dhb8D_4F4KY-00064-00015104-00015263 vividness i am capable of giving
+dhb8D_4F4KY-00065-00015263-00015503 anything and while i am feeling my
+dhb8D_4F4KY-00066-00015504-00015638 imaginary ring
+dhb8D_4F4KY-00067-00015640-00016022 which implies i am married i would sleep
+dhb8D_4F4KY-00068-00016023-00016215 this story has told us in the song of
+dhb8D_4F4KY-00069-00016216-00016463 songs or the song of solomon
+dhb8D_4F4KY-00070-00016464-00016750 it is said at night on my bed
+dhb8D_4F4KY-00071-00016751-00017047 i sought him whom i so loveth
+dhb8D_4F4KY-00072-00017048-00017327 i found him whom i so loveth
+dhb8D_4F4KY-00073-00017328-00017527 and i would not let him go
+dhb8D_4F4KY-00074-00017528-00017686 until i brought him into my mother's
+dhb8D_4F4KY-00075-00017687-00017775 house
+dhb8D_4F4KY-00076-00017776-00017958 right into the chamber of her that
+dhb8D_4F4KY-00077-00017959-00018086 conceived me
+dhb8D_4F4KY-00078-00018087-00018350 if i would take that beautiful poem and
+dhb8D_4F4KY-00079-00018351-00018591 put it into modern english
+dhb8D_4F4KY-00080-00018592-00018950 into practical language it would be this
+dhb8D_4F4KY-00081-00018951-00019183 while sitting in my chair
+dhb8D_4F4KY-00082-00019184-00019439 i would feel myself right into the
+dhb8D_4F4KY-00083-00019440-00019839 situation of my fulfilled desire and
+dhb8D_4F4KY-00084-00019840-00020135 having felt myself into that state i
+dhb8D_4F4KY-00085-00020136-00020311 would not let it go
+dhb8D_4F4KY-00086-00020312-00020527 i would keep that mood alive
+dhb8D_4F4KY-00087-00020528-00020839 and in that mood i would sleep
+dhb8D_4F4KY-00088-00020840-00021071 that is taking it right into my mother's
+dhb8D_4F4KY-00089-00021072-00021311 chamber into the chamber of her that
+dhb8D_4F4KY-00090-00021312-00021447 conceived me
+dhb8D_4F4KY-00091-00021448-00021678 you know people are totally unaware of
+dhb8D_4F4KY-00092-00021679-00022014 this fantastic power of the imagination
+dhb8D_4F4KY-00093-00022015-00022278 but when man begins to discover this
+dhb8D_4F4KY-00094-00022279-00022558 power within him he never plays the part
+dhb8D_4F4KY-00095-00022559-00022727 that he formally played
+dhb8D_4F4KY-00096-00022728-00022919 he doesn't turn back and become just the
+dhb8D_4F4KY-00097-00022920-00023263 reflective life from here on in he is
+dhb8D_4F4KY-00098-00023264-00023511 the affection of life
+dhb8D_4F4KY-00099-00023512-00023735 the secret of it is to center your
+dhb8D_4F4KY-00100-00023736-00023975 imagination in the feeling of the wish
+dhb8D_4F4KY-00101-00023976-00024294 fulfilled and remain bearing for in our
+dhb8D_4F4KY-00102-00024295-00024558 capacity to live in the feeling of the
+dhb8D_4F4KY-00103-00024559-00024903 wish fulfilled lies our capacity to live
+dhb8D_4F4KY-00104-00024904-00025199 the more abundant life
+dhb8D_4F4KY-00105-00025200-00025439 most of us are afraid to imagine
+dhb8D_4F4KY-00106-00025440-00025678 ourselves as important and noble
+dhb8D_4F4KY-00107-00025679-00025806 individuals
+dhb8D_4F4KY-00108-00025807-00025927 secure
+dhb8D_4F4KY-00109-00025927-00026167 in our contribution to the world
+dhb8D_4F4KY-00110-00026168-00026358 just because at the very moment that we
+dhb8D_4F4KY-00111-00026360-00026543 start our assumption
+dhb8D_4F4KY-00112-00026544-00026839 reason and our senses deny
+dhb8D_4F4KY-00113-00026839-00027070 the truth of our assumption
+dhb8D_4F4KY-00114-00027072-00027255 we seem to be in the grip of an
+dhb8D_4F4KY-00115-00027256-00027431 unconscious urge
+dhb8D_4F4KY-00116-00027432-00027655 which makes us cling desperately to the
+dhb8D_4F4KY-00117-00027656-00027983 world of familiar things and resist all
+dhb8D_4F4KY-00118-00027983-00028239 that threatens to tear us away from our
+dhb8D_4F4KY-00119-00028239-00028614 familiar and seemingly safe moorings
+dhb8D_4F4KY-00120-00028616-00028831 but i appeal to you to try it
+dhb8D_4F4KY-00121-00028832-00028990 if you try it
+dhb8D_4F4KY-00122-00028991-00029151 you will discover
+dhb8D_4F4KY-00123-00029152-00029390 this great wisdom of the ancients for
+dhb8D_4F4KY-00124-00029391-00029607 they told it to us in their own strange
+dhb8D_4F4KY-00125-00029608-00029831 wonderful symbolical form
+dhb8D_4F4KY-00126-00029832-00029999 but unfortunately you and i
+dhb8D_4F4KY-00127-00030000-00030183 misinterpreted
+dhb8D_4F4KY-00128-00030183-00030455 their stories and took it for history
+dhb8D_4F4KY-00129-00030456-00030758 when they intended it as instruction
+dhb8D_4F4KY-00130-00030760-00031283 to simply achieve our every objective
+dilUIx0NaKU-00000-00000008-00000199 everyone sherlock random one here and
+dilUIx0NaKU-00001-00000200-00000447 welcome back and happy october
+dilUIx0NaKU-00002-00000448-00000695 oh right no it's august
+dilUIx0NaKU-00003-00000696-00000854 yet everybody seems to want to talk
+dilUIx0NaKU-00004-00000855-00001087 about how halloween is coming up and i'm
+dilUIx0NaKU-00005-00001088-00001327 just kidding what would be fun is to
+dilUIx0NaKU-00006-00001328-00001535 list my top 10 things that have been
+dilUIx0NaKU-00007-00001536-00001830 absolutely ruined by horror movies
+dilUIx0NaKU-00008-00001832-00002047 so let's check them out
+dilUIx0NaKU-00009-00002048-00002191 number 10
+dilUIx0NaKU-00010-00002192-00002447 music boxes and almost any music box
+dilUIx0NaKU-00011-00002448-00002702 that has an eerie little tune to it i'm
+dilUIx0NaKU-00012-00002703-00002839 talking about the music box in the
+dilUIx0NaKU-00013-00002840-00003039 conjuring specifically
+dilUIx0NaKU-00014-00003040-00003303 but that one has extremely ruined my
+dilUIx0NaKU-00015-00003304-00003559 vision of music boxes even when i was
+dilUIx0NaKU-00016-00003560-00003719 younger i really didn't like the music
+dilUIx0NaKU-00017-00003720-00004015 box scene in the haunted mansion they
+dilUIx0NaKU-00018-00004015-00004199 have just completely turned me off of
+dilUIx0NaKU-00019-00004200-00004447 all music boxes in general if i see a
+dilUIx0NaKU-00020-00004448-00004670 dancing ballerina in a box you can keep
+dilUIx0NaKU-00021-00004671-00004751 it
+dilUIx0NaKU-00022-00004752-00005054 number nine crying children now this one
+dilUIx0NaKU-00023-00005055-00005151 is gonna take a little bit of
+dilUIx0NaKU-00024-00005152-00005279 explanation
+dilUIx0NaKU-00025-00005280-00005486 this one actually and i have always
+dilUIx0NaKU-00026-00005487-00005727 always said this about horror movies
+dilUIx0NaKU-00027-00005728-00005934 when you see a kid crying in a dark
+dilUIx0NaKU-00028-00005935-00006263 corner do not approach them it is a trap
+dilUIx0NaKU-00029-00006264-00006542 it is a very bad idea and that has put
+dilUIx0NaKU-00030-00006543-00006734 me off of any time i would think that i
+dilUIx0NaKU-00031-00006736-00006927 would run into a kid crying in a dark
+dilUIx0NaKU-00032-00006928-00007167 corner absolutely not someone else can
+dilUIx0NaKU-00033-00007168-00007519 check on them i just cannot imagine any
+dilUIx0NaKU-00034-00007520-00007670 scenario where i walk over there and
+dilUIx0NaKU-00035-00007672-00007887 it's gonna go well for me number eight
+dilUIx0NaKU-00036-00007888-00008255 spot overly popular and overused songs
+dilUIx0NaKU-00037-00008256-00008519 such as tiptoe through the tulips and
+dilUIx0NaKU-00038-00008520-00008814 sandman specifically those two songs i
+dilUIx0NaKU-00039-00008815-00009071 cannot now today listen to without
+dilUIx0NaKU-00040-00009072-00009255 eerily thinking of
+dilUIx0NaKU-00041-00009256-00009495 insidious or any like creepy horror
+dilUIx0NaKU-00042-00009496-00009703 movie that they use background ambiance
+dilUIx0NaKU-00043-00009704-00010055 music
+dilUIx0NaKU-00044-00010056-00010327 number seven basements addicts
+dilUIx0NaKU-00045-00010328-00010606 and sellers as if sellers weren't creepy
+dilUIx0NaKU-00046-00010607-00010767 enough before
+dilUIx0NaKU-00047-00010768-00011006 now i feel like i have an alternate fear
+dilUIx0NaKU-00048-00011007-00011087 of
+dilUIx0NaKU-00049-00011088-00011319 like addicts in general going into
+dilUIx0NaKU-00050-00011320-00011510 basements those two quite aren't as bad
+dilUIx0NaKU-00051-00011511-00011806 but sellers are a huge one like i
+dilUIx0NaKU-00052-00011807-00012023 anytime you see a seller just run away
+dilUIx0NaKU-00053-00012024-00012319 just run away number two nursery rhymes
+dilUIx0NaKU-00054-00012320-00012527 it's raining it's pouring the old man is
+dilUIx0NaKU-00055-00012528-00012638 screaming
+dilUIx0NaKU-00056-00012639-00012838 nursery rhymes have been completely
+dilUIx0NaKU-00057-00012839-00013102 ruined by horror movies every horror
+dilUIx0NaKU-00058-00013103-00013383 movie trailer movie creepy scene with a
+dilUIx0NaKU-00059-00013384-00013479 kid
+dilUIx0NaKU-00060-00013480-00013735 music boxes again use terrifying nursing
+dilUIx0NaKU-00061-00013736-00013951 rhymes to make you feel extremely
+dilUIx0NaKU-00062-00013952-00014103 uncomfortable and every time you hear
+dilUIx0NaKU-00063-00014104-00014375 them afterward they are ruined and at
+dilUIx0NaKU-00064-00014376-00014758 the number one spot the one that i don't
+dilUIx0NaKU-00065-00014759-00014927 personally have a fear of but i know
+dilUIx0NaKU-00066-00014928-00015191 that many people have developed a fear
+dilUIx0NaKU-00067-00015191-00015422 after seeing the movie it and i think
+dilUIx0NaKU-00068-00015423-00015622 you know where i'm going with this
+dilUIx0NaKU-00069-00015623-00015975 clowns clowns have gone from this fun
+dilUIx0NaKU-00070-00015976-00016094 thing you see at a carnival i don't know
+dilUIx0NaKU-00071-00016095-00016279 where they are for all that fun
+dilUIx0NaKU-00072-00016280-00016550 but they went from a really fun thing to
+dilUIx0NaKU-00073-00016551-00016791 a terrifying nightmare fuel that you run
+dilUIx0NaKU-00074-00016792-00016991 away from and hope they'd never follow
+dilUIx0NaKU-00075-00016992-00017150 you thank you so much for watching you
+dilUIx0NaKU-00076-00017151-00017383 guys what scares you now that you've
+dilUIx0NaKU-00077-00017384-00017575 seen horror movies or what horror movie
+dilUIx0NaKU-00078-00017576-00017799 trope scares you the most thank you so
+dilUIx0NaKU-00079-00017800-00018030 much for watching stay awesome and until
+dilUIx0NaKU-00080-00018031-00018390 next time bye guys
+dilUIx0NaKU-00081-00018391-00019430 [Music]
+dj0LPAosCiQ-00000-00000000-00001998 [Music]
+dj0LPAosCiQ-00001-00002000-00004247 so
+dj0LPAosCiQ-00002-00004248-00004455 you
+dkvcklq1Wqg-00000-00000000-00000227 hi and welcome back in this video let's
+dkvcklq1Wqg-00001-00000228-00000509 work on the Last Watched date that we've
+dkvcklq1Wqg-00002-00000509-00000676 got for our movies at the moment we're
+dkvcklq1Wqg-00003-00000677-00000928 only showing not watched yet on every
+dkvcklq1Wqg-00004-00000930-00001216 movie and if it has a date then we're
+dkvcklq1Wqg-00005-00001217-00001474 gonna grab the date and convert it to
+dkvcklq1Wqg-00006-00001475-00001702 this format and show it as a string
+dkvcklq1Wqg-00007-00001703-00002002 together with the Last Watched text this
+dkvcklq1Wqg-00008-00002003-00002255 all goes inside a time element instead
+dkvcklq1Wqg-00009-00002256-00002555 of have the movie Last Watched be none
+dkvcklq1Wqg-00010-00002556-00002789 which it is at the moment we have to set
+dkvcklq1Wqg-00011-00002790-00003065 it to today's date when we click on this
+dkvcklq1Wqg-00012-00003066-00003281 link and then that will be displayed
+dkvcklq1Wqg-00013-00003282-00003556 there let's go over to our endpoints and
+dkvcklq1Wqg-00014-00003557-00003767 below the rating endpoint we're gonna
+dkvcklq1Wqg-00015-00003768-00003953 create another one which is what will be
+dkvcklq1Wqg-00016-00003954-00004104 called when we click on that link
+dkvcklq1Wqg-00017-00004105-00004420 earlier on we had slash movie slash ID
+dkvcklq1Wqg-00018-00004421-00004672 slash rate now we're gonna have slash
+dkvcklq1Wqg-00019-00004673-00004991 movie slash ID slash watch the endpoint
+dkvcklq1Wqg-00020-00004992-00005177 is going to be called watch today and
+dkvcklq1Wqg-00021-00005178-00005422 it's gonna go into the movie and it's
+dkvcklq1Wqg-00022-00005423-00005729 going to update it and set the Last
+dkvcklq1Wqg-00023-00005730-00006091 Watched to today's date so that's
+dkvcklq1Wqg-00024-00006092-00006334 daytime.datetime dot today
+dkvcklq1Wqg-00025-00006335-00006539 I wanted to import the date time module
+dkvcklq1Wqg-00026-00006540-00006755 inside it we're gonna use the date time
+dkvcklq1Wqg-00027-00006756-00006989 class and we're going to call the today
+dkvcklq1Wqg-00028-00006990-00007246 method in that class to generate a
+dkvcklq1Wqg-00029-00007247-00007456 daytime object for today so let me go up
+dkvcklq1Wqg-00030-00007458-00007798 to the top and I'll hit import date time
+dkvcklq1Wqg-00031-00007800-00008081 just like that and there we have it is
+dkvcklq1Wqg-00032-00008081-00008374 red because this is a bit too long so
+dkvcklq1Wqg-00033-00008375-00008573 let me just reformat it
+dkvcklq1Wqg-00034-00008574-00008813 like that what we'll do is we will
+dkvcklq1Wqg-00035-00008814-00009035 return a redirect to the movie page
+dkvcklq1Wqg-00036-00009036-00009214 again so that when we click on it we
+dkvcklq1Wqg-00037-00009215-00009395 will update the movie and then go back
+dkvcklq1Wqg-00038-00009396-00009617 to where we started what we have to do
+dkvcklq1Wqg-00039-00009618-00009910 though is go to movie details.html and
+dkvcklq1Wqg-00040-00009911-00010156 in here change these links so that when
+dkvcklq1Wqg-00041-00010157-00010385 we click on them they'll take us to that
+dkvcklq1Wqg-00042-00010386-00010510 endpoint
+dkvcklq1Wqg-00043-00010511-00010823 and that is going to be URL for Pages
+dkvcklq1Wqg-00044-00010824-00011128 dot watch today and we're passing in the
+dkvcklq1Wqg-00045-00011129-00011423 movie ID we'll do the same in here so
+dkvcklq1Wqg-00046-00011424-00011651 that's it let's refresh the page and
+dkvcklq1Wqg-00047-00011652-00011801 then when we hover over not watch the
+dkvcklq1Wqg-00048-00011802-00012005 end you can see we go to slash movie
+dkvcklq1Wqg-00049-00012006-00012371 slash ID slash watch we click on it
+dkvcklq1Wqg-00050-00012372-00012688 and that sets The Last Watched to be
+dkvcklq1Wqg-00051-00012689-00012893 today's date doesn't look the best on
+dkvcklq1Wqg-00052-00012894-00013043 this really small screen when it gets
+dkvcklq1Wqg-00053-00013044-00013247 bigger you've got a bit more space so
+dkvcklq1Wqg-00054-00013247-00013433 this is something that we could improve
+dkvcklq1Wqg-00055-00013434-00013661 on but any improvements to this would
+dkvcklq1Wqg-00056-00013662-00013853 have to be done within the constraints
+dkvcklq1Wqg-00057-00013854-00014057 of what we know so at the moment we've
+dkvcklq1Wqg-00058-00014058-00014338 got four elements in our Flex container
+dkvcklq1Wqg-00059-00014340-00014555 and there's just not enough room for
+dkvcklq1Wqg-00060-00014556-00014741 them all so we have to either shrink the
+dkvcklq1Wqg-00061-00014741-00014975 font size shrink the size of the icons
+dkvcklq1Wqg-00062-00014976-00015244 or maybe not show icons in very small
+dkvcklq1Wqg-00063-00015245-00015508 screens you could change the formatting
+dkvcklq1Wqg-00064-00015509-00015749 of this text so it's a bit shorter or
+dkvcklq1Wqg-00065-00015750-00016036 maybe when you end up on this very small
+dkvcklq1Wqg-00066-00016037-00016283 screen show it as three columns one for
+dkvcklq1Wqg-00067-00016284-00016493 the title and the rating another one for
+dkvcklq1Wqg-00068-00016494-00016727 the last watch now the edit button and
+dkvcklq1Wqg-00069-00016728-00016925 then continue from there so those are
+dkvcklq1Wqg-00070-00016926-00017063 some options we're not going to go into
+dkvcklq1Wqg-00071-00017064-00017213 them because it's just at the very edge
+dkvcklq1Wqg-00072-00017214-00017405 of the browser that it doesn't look
+dkvcklq1Wqg-00073-00017406-00017555 right anything else looks good we're
+dkvcklq1Wqg-00074-00017556-00017675 going to leave it as that but there are
+dkvcklq1Wqg-00075-00017676-00017813 some options there for things you can do
+dkvcklq1Wqg-00076-00017814-00018005 but again we've already seen all of
+dkvcklq1Wqg-00077-00018006-00018149 those things when we looked at media
+dkvcklq1Wqg-00078-00018150-00018317 queries so I'm sure that you'd have no
+dkvcklq1Wqg-00079-00018318-00018497 trouble changing the layout a little bit
+dkvcklq1Wqg-00080-00018498-00018797 in the very small screen sizes so that's
+dkvcklq1Wqg-00081-00018798-00019019 it this is how we would Implement that
+dkvcklq1Wqg-00082-00019020-00019300 when you click on this link again it
+dkvcklq1Wqg-00083-00019301-00019558 will update to today's date for example
+dkvcklq1Wqg-00084-00019559-00019708 if you click it tomorrow it will show
+dkvcklq1Wqg-00085-00019709-00020027 the 1st of April 2022. so thank you for
+dkvcklq1Wqg-00086-00020028-00020177 joining me in this video and I'll see
+dkvcklq1Wqg-00087-00020178-00020456 you in the next one
+dl-85E_iuo8-00002-00008240-00008447 you
+dnTCSRb6aR8-00000-00000382-00001431 [Applause]
+dnTCSRb6aR8-00001-00001432-00001503 johnny worked
+dnTCSRb6aR8-00002-00001504-00001902 so hard to make this extra special
+dnTCSRb6aR8-00003-00001903-00002366 fire oh that's not good
+dnTCSRb6aR8-00004-00002367-00002726 [Music]
+dnTCSRb6aR8-00005-00002727-00003191 okay thank you son-in-law
+dnTCSRb6aR8-00006-00003192-00003406 ruined everything johnny what are you
+dnTCSRb6aR8-00007-00003407-00003503 talking about
+dnTCSRb6aR8-00008-00003504-00003679 your dad never really thought of me as
+dnTCSRb6aR8-00009-00003679-00003895 part of the family all because i'm not a
+dnTCSRb6aR8-00010-00003896-00003967 monster
+dnTCSRb6aR8-00011-00003968-00004295 so you want to become a monster huh van
+dnTCSRb6aR8-00012-00004296-00004422 helsing
+dnTCSRb6aR8-00013-00004423-00004686 the muncification ray turns humans into
+dnTCSRb6aR8-00014-00004687-00004911 monsters and monsters into humans
+dnTCSRb6aR8-00015-00004912-00005447 but is this safe though great question
+dnTCSRb6aR8-00016-00005448-00006263 that's weird nothing happened
+dnTCSRb6aR8-00017-00006264-00006604 hey drac what's up johnny
+dnTCSRb6aR8-00018-00006605-00006814 [Music]
+dnTCSRb6aR8-00019-00006815-00007484 the nightmare it's over i'm human again
+dnTCSRb6aR8-00020-00007484-00007959 [Music]
+dnTCSRb6aR8-00021-00007959-00008335 what's going on
+dnTCSRb6aR8-00022-00008336-00008739 my fur
+dnTCSRb6aR8-00023-00008740-00009358 [Music]
+dnTCSRb6aR8-00024-00009359-00009689 [Applause]
+dnTCSRb6aR8-00025-00009690-00009883 [Music]
+dnTCSRb6aR8-00026-00009884-00010527 oh
+dnTCSRb6aR8-00027-00010528-00010895 oh no you're a human and i'm a monster
+dnTCSRb6aR8-00028-00010896-00011127 we need to fix this now not the moment
+dnTCSRb6aR8-00029-00011128-00011799 the waves
+dnTCSRb6aR8-00030-00011800-00012461 [Music]
+dnTCSRb6aR8-00031-00012462-00012606 [Music]
+dnTCSRb6aR8-00032-00012607-00012951 it's wondrous it's
+dnTCSRb6aR8-00033-00012952-00014136 burning my eyes
+eox5rwSsEP8-00000-00000263-00000615 hi guys today is evening uh friends
+eox5rwSsEP8-00001-00000616-00000823 french boat and today is evening of
+eox5rwSsEP8-00002-00000824-00000943 terminal
+eox5rwSsEP8-00003-00000944-00001103 come with me
+eox5rwSsEP8-00004-00001104-00001350 hello and tell me again
+eox5rwSsEP8-00005-00001351-00001491 what we are cooking
+eox5rwSsEP8-00006-00001492-00001902 today a veggie burger okay
+eox5rwSsEP8-00007-00001903-00002079 okay with
+eox5rwSsEP8-00008-00002080-00002375 carrots and cheese
+eox5rwSsEP8-00009-00002376-00002831 and if everyone likes onion
+eox5rwSsEP8-00010-00002832-00003166 and after we can put inside
+eox5rwSsEP8-00011-00003167-00004031 mayonnaise homemade or aioli sauce
+eox5rwSsEP8-00012-00004032-00004415 burger sauce
+eox5rwSsEP8-00013-00004416-00004654 but you make everything with turmeric so
+eox5rwSsEP8-00014-00004655-00004815 what we have inside
+eox5rwSsEP8-00015-00004816-00005111 inside it's for make veggie burger okay
+eox5rwSsEP8-00016-00005112-00005422 and what you have inside of it avena
+eox5rwSsEP8-00017-00005423-00005683 and the carrots okay for the moment and
+eox5rwSsEP8-00018-00005684-00005951 after when it will
+eox5rwSsEP8-00019-00005952-00006070 dry
+eox5rwSsEP8-00020-00006071-00006367 i will put egg on havana
+eox5rwSsEP8-00021-00006368-00006575 yeah yeah like a steak
+eox5rwSsEP8-00022-00006576-00006775 it's um
+eox5rwSsEP8-00023-00006776-00007046 cream with vanilla an egg
+eox5rwSsEP8-00024-00007047-00007310 and i just have to put caramel i have to
+eox5rwSsEP8-00025-00007311-00007542 make it but just be just before
+eox5rwSsEP8-00026-00007543-00007831 but what is inside is inside is
+eox5rwSsEP8-00027-00007831-00008023 english cream you know
+eox5rwSsEP8-00028-00008023-00009191 in french it's a milk
+eox5rwSsEP8-00029-00009192-00009374 i never think that thermal mix can be
+eox5rwSsEP8-00030-00009375-00009559 good but this is unbelievable you can
+eox5rwSsEP8-00031-00009560-00009759 use it on a boat so easy
+eox5rwSsEP8-00032-00009760-00010055 and i make bread and bread yes with mix
+eox5rwSsEP8-00033-00010056-00010599 and after i hit with wow
+eox5rwSsEP8-00034-00010600-00010831 okay but then what when you put this
+eox5rwSsEP8-00035-00010832-00011206 inside yes i put water here
+eox5rwSsEP8-00036-00011207-00011695 okay
+eox5rwSsEP8-00037-00011696-00011951 yeah but you make it's also intermittent
+eox5rwSsEP8-00038-00011952-00012183 unbelievable
+eox5rwSsEP8-00039-00012184-00012263 so
+eox5rwSsEP8-00040-00012264-00012374 uh
+eox5rwSsEP8-00041-00012375-00012606 how many things for today you make
+eox5rwSsEP8-00042-00012607-00012871 inside of thermal mix for our evening
+eox5rwSsEP8-00043-00012872-00013026 for today
+eox5rwSsEP8-00044-00013027-00013535 [Music]
+eox5rwSsEP8-00045-00013536-00013686 six
+eox5rwSsEP8-00046-00013687-00014158 six and all enter my mix yes wow cool
+eox5rwSsEP8-00047-00014159-00014519 but this topping and then hummus olives
+eox5rwSsEP8-00048-00014519-00014727 and you can put black or
+eox5rwSsEP8-00049-00014728-00015111 green i put green okay on choice on
+eox5rwSsEP8-00050-00015112-00015412 olive oil
+eox5rwSsEP8-00051-00015413-00016079 [Music]
+eox5rwSsEP8-00052-00016080-00017689 and then you put it inside of this
+eox5rwSsEP8-00053-00017690-00018349 [Music]
+eox5rwSsEP8-00054-00018350-00019103 [Applause]
+eox5rwSsEP8-00055-00019104-00019303 how many percent of food you cook in
+eox5rwSsEP8-00056-00019304-00019694 your turmeric
+eox5rwSsEP8-00057-00019695-00020199 i don't know it depends
+eox5rwSsEP8-00058-00020200-00020430 it depends
+eox5rwSsEP8-00059-00020431-00020671 um i can't use it when we are in
+eox5rwSsEP8-00060-00020672-00020886 encourage because
+eox5rwSsEP8-00061-00020887-00021103 all right
+eox5rwSsEP8-00062-00021104-00021375 okay i can use it if it's not
+eox5rwSsEP8-00063-00021376-00021478 heat
+eox5rwSsEP8-00064-00021479-00021711 just for turn
+eox5rwSsEP8-00065-00021712-00021847 but
+eox5rwSsEP8-00066-00021848-00021943 for
+eox5rwSsEP8-00067-00021944-00022199 so for the bread
+eox5rwSsEP8-00068-00022200-00022278 i
+eox5rwSsEP8-00069-00022279-00022877 i make it in this one and i put some
+eox5rwSsEP8-00070-00022878-00023583 [Music]
+eox5rwSsEP8-00071-00023584-00023799 yeah this is the same avenue yes we have
+eox5rwSsEP8-00072-00023800-00024063 just already cooked to cure
+eox5rwSsEP8-00073-00024064-00024839 cutting
+eox5rwSsEP8-00074-00024840-00026190 and egg
+eox5rwSsEP8-00075-00026191-00026502 and what is it
+eox5rwSsEP8-00076-00026504-00027287 mine is what is inside egg
+eox5rwSsEP8-00077-00027288-00028902 um
+eox5rwSsEP8-00078-00028904-00029231 now our vegetarian booger today and
+eox5rwSsEP8-00080-00033456-00034223 hardly
+eox5rwSsEP8-00081-00034224-00035295 um
+eox5rwSsEP8-00082-00035296-00035560 and
+eox5rwSsEP8-00083-00035561-00035871 [Music]
+eox5rwSsEP8-00084-00035872-00037311 yum
+eox5rwSsEP8-00085-00037312-00037430 what is it
+eox5rwSsEP8-00086-00037431-00037662 from your garden yeah wow and how you
+eox5rwSsEP8-00087-00037663-00037767 make it
+eox5rwSsEP8-00088-00037768-00038007 well it's really really simple you put a
+eox5rwSsEP8-00089-00038008-00038207 piece on the bucket
+eox5rwSsEP8-00090-00038208-00038321 you forget them for
+eox5rwSsEP8-00091-00038322-00038471 [Music]
+eox5rwSsEP8-00092-00038472-00038711 six weeks eight weeks
+eox5rwSsEP8-00093-00038712-00038959 and uh after you put on the you distill
+eox5rwSsEP8-00094-00038960-00039174 it it will make a distillate
+eox5rwSsEP8-00095-00039175-00039295 nano week
+eox5rwSsEP8-00096-00039296-00039471 and that's great
+eox5rwSsEP8-00097-00039472-00039623 how many degrees
+eox5rwSsEP8-00098-00039624-00039974 this one is around 40 or 45 okay but you
+eox5rwSsEP8-00099-00039975-00040102 can choice
+eox5rwSsEP8-00100-00040103-00040407 the duck with when you go for distillate
+eox5rwSsEP8-00101-00040408-00040615 if it's too strong after the flower is
+eox5rwSsEP8-00102-00040616-00040759 not good so
+eox5rwSsEP8-00103-00040760-00041030 you have to
+eox5rwSsEP8-00104-00041031-00041199 choose the right
+eox5rwSsEP8-00105-00041200-00041423 way
+eox5rwSsEP8-00106-00041424-00041783 today we have a woman our french friends
+eox5rwSsEP8-00107-00041784-00041862 and
+eox5rwSsEP8-00108-00041863-00042118 childhoods
+eox5rwSsEP8-00109-00042119-00043455 and we have to leave therma next day
+eox5rwSsEP8-00110-00043456-00043662 but very tasty
+eox5rwSsEP8-00111-00043663-00043895 you can really feel plum it's not it's
+eox5rwSsEP8-00112-00043896-00044071 not
+eox5rwSsEP8-00113-00044072-00044199 early
+eox5rwSsEP8-00114-00044200-00044390 what is the name once again this one
+eox5rwSsEP8-00115-00044391-00044679 yeah flutters eight photons floating
+eox5rwSsEP8-00116-00044680-00044887 islands
+eox5rwSsEP8-00117-00044888-00045143 and just for two hours you can have all
+eox5rwSsEP8-00118-00045144-00045659 this unbelievable amount of food
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00000-00000000-00000142 so I've been asked multiple times a day
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00001-00000143-00000380 whether release music right now a lot of
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00002-00000381-00000518 the clowns who do music promotion
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00003-00000519-00000713 YouTube channels are doing what they do
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00004-00000714-00000950 best in handing out [__] advice so
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00005-00000951-00001097 in this episode I'm gonna explain why
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00006-00001098-00001310 it's absolutely stupid to give a blanket
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00007-00001311-00001433 answer to the question whether you
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00008-00001434-00001574 should really use music during this time
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00009-00001575-00001732 but instead I'm gonna give you all the
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00010-00001734-00001852 knowledge you need to make the right
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00011-00001853-00002051 decision for yourself since the answer
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00012-00002052-00002287 is not one size fits all
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00013-00002288-00002852 [Music]
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00014-00002853-00003121 hi I'm Jesse canon this is Muse
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00015-00003122-00003292 formation and today I'm coming to you
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00016-00003293-00003475 from my quarantine office instead of my
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00017-00003476-00003733 usual studio as you can see so anyway to
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00018-00003734-00003918 knows me will tell you I'm an extremely
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00019-00003919-00004234 optimistic person in fact the fact that
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00020-00004235-00004386 I'm even a little bit pessimistic and
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00021-00004387-00004591 cautious right now and this video tells
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00022-00004592-00004792 you everything you need to know since
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00023-00004793-00004978 I'm usually a happy-go-lucky of reckless
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00024-00004979-00005157 type of person I'm actually taking the
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00025-00005158-00005311 time to do this post because I feel the
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00026-00005312-00005425 need to warm people
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00027-00005426-00005635 since I'm allergic to causing alarm and
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00028-00005636-00005847 clickbait bullsh in content but I feel
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00029-00005848-00005953 like I have something to say that's
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00030-00005954-00006118 unique here so let's get right to the
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00031-00006119-00006375 question should you be releasing music
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00032-00006376-00006583 during the corona virus outbreak - the
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00033-00006584-00006784 kovat outbreak so let's first talk about
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00034-00006784-00007009 for the stupid answer I see it from all
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00035-00007009-00007165 sorts of people that are not paying a
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00036-00007166-00007315 lot of attention every time I see this
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00037-00007316-00007498 question on a message board what they
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00038-00007498-00008796 say is well not so much let's start off
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00039-00008797-00008971 by pointing out first off that streaming
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00040-00008972-00009151 music is down but let's also remember
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00041-00009152-00009352 that many establishments like bars and
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00042-00009353-00009522 restaurants that place Spotify all day
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00043-00009523-00009747 are no longer streaming there's also
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00044-00009748-00009927 people not commuting to work and there's
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00045-00009928-00010146 probably people streaming a little bit
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00046-00010147-00010330 less but we are hearing from YouTube and
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00047-00010331-00010465 Netflix that their numbers are up
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00048-00010466-00010633 immensely but this seems to be that
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00049-00010634-00010788 everybody's taking a chill-out time
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00050-00010789-00010963 right now let's remember you can listen
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00051-00010964-00011110 to music every day you don't have eight
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00052-00011111-00011274 hours to finish the Tiger King guy's
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00053-00011275-00011455 documentary every day but what you
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00054-00011456-00011638 really want to know is are people ready
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00055-00011639-00011847 to hear from new artists the answer is
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00056-00011848-00012021 no one knows but there is a lesson I can
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00057-00012022-00012171 tell you I learned firsthand during
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00058-00012172-00012340 September 11th when there was a crisis
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00059-00012341-00012658 like this at September 4th 2001 a song I
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00060-00012659-00012793 had did a bunch of production work on
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00061-00012794-00013021 was burning up the top 40 though a song
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00062-00013022-00013093 was a white boy
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00063-00013094-00013240 hip-hop song had some questionable
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00064-00013241-00013413 lyrics about a girl who'd moved out of a
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00065-00013415-00013563 house and now the MC kept getting her
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00066-00013565-00013816 phone calls well the next week when 9/11
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00067-00013816-00014016 happened no one had any interest in this
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00068-00014018-00014236 cute little joke anymore and the song
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00069-00014237-00014371 and the band disappeared and they were
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00070-00014372-00014541 dropped from Atlantic Records pretty
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00071-00014543-00014752 fast so what I can tell you from this
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00072-00014753-00014932 story is if your song is a bunch of club
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00073-00014933-00015094 bangers about going out and partying it
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00074-00015094-00015322 may be good to wait and if your song is
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00075-00015322-00015450 about falling in love and all the fun
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00076-00015451-00015597 you've been having in the summer well
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00077-00015599-00015808 unless that's all been happening over a
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00078-00015809-00016081 computer or your songs about being apart
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00079-00016082-00016127 from some
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00080-00016128-00016283 you in love and it's like loving the
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00081-00016284-00016475 time of corona or something it may be
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00082-00016476-00016652 good to wait as well but if your music
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00083-00016653-00016901 is more niche and it's like metal or
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00084-00016902-00017159 like weird indie stuff you can give it a
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00085-00017160-00017309 try releasing it but I will say with the
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00086-00017310-00017468 caveat that you should make sure you
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00087-00017469-00017612 have all that content made and
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00088-00017613-00017723 everything should be as planned as
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00089-00017724-00017947 effective as possible since everything's
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00090-00017948-00018071 kind of on pause and you want to make
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00091-00018072-00018266 sure you get this right right now and if
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00092-00018267-00018359 it's not gonna be right
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00093-00018360-00018566 you can always wait on it and I do want
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00094-00018567-00018707 to say that there's great content you
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00095-00018708-00018880 can make indoors right now my buddies in
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00096-00018881-00019034 Lake cambrie and did a quarantine
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00097-00019035-00019229 edition of their latest video Kewanee
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00098-00019230-00019388 shot a really intimate video in her
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00099-00019389-00019589 bedroom on a phone you could make
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00100-00019590-00019747 content that is themed around what's
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00101-00019748-00019897 happening right now but it's also
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00102-00019898-00020099 probably not best to compromise plans if
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00103-00020100-00020267 you had really good ideas on what you
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00104-00020268-00020468 were gonna do previously since who knows
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00105-00020469-00020633 if music fans are responding to new
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00106-00020634-00020834 music right now so if you do decide to
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00107-00020835-00021002 wait though let's also remember it may
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00108-00021003-00021175 not be so smart to do this right when
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00109-00021176-00021314 it's over what I'm gonna tell you is
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00110-00021315-00021469 there's gonna be insane foot of content
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00111-00021470-00021605 when all the established artists who
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00112-00021606-00021815 push back their ideas are gonna start
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00113-00021816-00022016 doing everything all at once and all
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00114-00022017-00022205 releases will flood the market and then
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00115-00022206-00022319 everybody's gonna be listen to their
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00116-00022320-00022475 favorite bands records instead of new
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00117-00022476-00022828 music so with that said maybe you do
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00118-00022829-00023117 want to go sometime soon let's also talk
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00119-00023118-00023285 about another lesson I learned from 9/11
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00120-00023286-00023500 I lived in New York City at the time it
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00121-00023501-00023612 we have to remember at that time New
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00122-00023613-00023786 York City was not known for breaking
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00123-00023787-00024083 bands that became big in fact if
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00124-00024084-00024263 anything was the opposite it was known
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00125-00024264-00024446 as a dead zone where no way in or would
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00126-00024447-00024625 Scout even though they were all here and
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00127-00024626-00024824 yes some influential bands came out of
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00128-00024825-00024989 it of the time that were overlooked but
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00129-00024990-00025211 for the most part it was seen as a dead
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00130-00025212-00025409 zone but what happened to change it was
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00131-00025410-00025609 a record came out right about the weeks
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00132-00025610-00025915 of 9/11 The Strokes first record and we
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00133-00025916-00026044 have to remember all the Live Music
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00134-00026045-00026245 Venues below 14th Street where all of
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00135-00026247-00026435 them are were locked out and people were
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00136-00026436-00026612 grateful for live music again and it
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00137-00026613-00026894 made a huge huge scene pop up I was a
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00138-00026895-00027035 part of that scene and the notoriously
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00139-00027036-00027254 jaded New York City audiences were all
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00140-00027255-00027413 of a sudden having fun again and being
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00141-00027414-00027620 grateful for shows but trust me it
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00142-00027620-00027814 didn't last so I do think while the
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00143-00027816-00027944 touring and release market will be
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00144-00027945-00028007 flooded
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00145-00028008-00028181 I do hope by somewhere we're gonna see a
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00146-00028182-00028385 lot of people who are grateful for music
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00147-00028386-00028550 again and they're also gonna want songs
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00148-00028551-00028685 to soundtrack their lives while they're
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00149-00028686-00028840 finally enjoying themselves again and
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00150-00028841-00028979 making new bonds with the friends they
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00151-00028980-00029177 haven't seen in forever or new friends
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00152-00029177-00029273 they've made through this on the
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00153-00029274-00029364 internet I
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00154-00029364-00029514 think there's gonna be a window maybe in
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00155-00029514-00029733 about two weeks before this all ends
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00156-00029733-00029927 where it will be smart to get some
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00157-00029929-00030114 content out and it will be smart to
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00158-00030114-00030276 launch things if you are prepared
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00159-00030277-00030486 because all these artists are gonna wait
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00160-00030487-00030645 till they can really do the promotion
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00161-00030645-00030812 they want to do not everybody's gonna be
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00162-00030813-00031043 like the 1975 and plan an immersive
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00163-00031044-00031224 event to promote their music that's
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00164-00031225-00031404 gonna shift all their plans that they
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00165-00031405-00031632 had for a record release while everybody
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00166-00031633-00031836 is in on their Netflix thing the content
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00167-00031837-00032055 farm is gonna run dry at some point so
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00168-00032056-00032268 let's remember you can take advantage of
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00169-00032269-00032448 that so the next question I keep getting
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00170-00032449-00032673 is should i livestream my whole entire
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00171-00032674-00032868 life the answer is unless you're gonna
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00172-00032869-00033024 make this really entertaining don't
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00173-00033025-00033162 bother doing it since you are competing
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00174-00033163-00033339 with the biggest artist right now as I'm
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00175-00033340-00033537 taping this Dave Grohl and Ben Gibbard
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00176-00033538-00033740 are doing theirs right now all my
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00177-00033741-00033948 favorite electronic artists are doing
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00178-00033949-00034212 twitch DJ streams I want you to remember
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00179-00034213-00034371 the question isn't should I live stream
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00180-00034372-00034596 or do nothing there's much more other
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00181-00034597-00034743 things that are more effective to do
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00182-00034744-00034902 with your time ID are you working on
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00183-00034903-00035115 your songs doing some other smart things
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00184-00035116-00035246 are way more effective than just
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00185-00035247-00035406 grabbing an acoustic guitar and vibing
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00186-00035407-00035640 out on camera do I will say going live
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00187-00035641-00035829 on Instagram or Twitter right now is the
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00188-00035830-00035958 amazing thing you could do to bond with
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00189-00035959-00036195 the fans that you do have doing movie
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00190-00036196-00036360 watch parties or music video watch
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00191-00036361-00036579 parties or q and A's is working for tons
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00192-00036580-00036746 of artists to build bonds with their
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00193-00036747-00036870 fans that we always want to be doing
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00194-00036871-00037058 that and social media is pretty flooded
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00195-00037059-00037185 right now and this is a more effective
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00196-00037186-00037389 way to do it since everybody's home the
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00197-00037390-00037476 biggest problem with these things
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00198-00037477-00037680 usually are that people aren't home at
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00199-00037681-00037842 the same time well everybody's home all
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00200-00037843-00038076 the [__] time now also discord chats
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00201-00038077-00038250 are insanely hot right now and you could
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00202-00038251-00038402 set those up for your fans or if you
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00203-00038403-00038615 have no almost no fans make one for your
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00204-00038616-00038802 local scene or your micro John run and
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00205-00038803-00038985 post them on Facebook groups or reddit's
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00206-00038986-00039162 about your genre or micro Johnna and
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00207-00039163-00039330 hang out with people and velop the
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00208-00039331-00039480 community you should be developing I
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00209-00039481-00039602 also I feel like if you're gonna be
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00210-00039603-00039780 great at tick tock you'd already be on
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00211-00039781-00039957 there but for some reason you think be
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00212-00039958-00040112 great at tick tock and you're not
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00213-00040113-00040161 already there
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00214-00040162-00040371 it's surging right now so get over there
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00215-00040372-00040545 and do that as soon as possible which
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00216-00040546-00040698 leads me to what I would be doing there
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00217-00040699-00040905 in this time in a previous video linked
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00218-00040906-00041067 below in the description and here on a
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00219-00041068-00041274 card in this video I talk about how I
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00220-00041275-00041448 build community and all the people I
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00221-00041449-00041580 reach out to you whenever I release a
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00222-00041581-00041775 new song if you're gonna wait to release
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00223-00041776-00041949 your music you can ensure it goes way
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00224-00041950-00042227 further and do simple work each day to
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00225-00042228-00042348 find all the people you should be
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00226-00042349-00042539 getting your music out to this is the
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00227-00042540-00042729 most effective practice you can
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00228-00042730-00042908 to make sure that this time is spent
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00229-00042909-00043080 wisely and effective and we'll make it
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00230-00043081-00043205 so when you come out of this it can be
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00231-00043206-00043407 way bigger lastly I should say for those
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00232-00043408-00043545 of you in musical groups that are
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00233-00043546-00043710 separated from one another I just made a
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00234-00043711-00043845 video about how to do this time
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00235-00043846-00044012 effectively that's linked here as well
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00236-00044013-00044217 with your bandmates end without them
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00237-00044218-00044433 let's remember science and nearly every
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00238-00044434-00044598 big songwriting team these days shows
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00239-00044599-00044796 working on improving ideas on your own
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00240-00044797-00044982 is more effective than doing it with a
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00241-00044983-00045186 group all the time pass ideas back and
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00242-00045187-00045374 forth between computers get on FaceTime
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00243-00045375-00045590 discuss ideas but you don't need to be
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00244-00045591-00045777 in the same room to get things done take
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00245-00045778-00045914 this time to work on your songs get
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00246-00045915-00046112 better at what your week at for many of
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00247-00046113-00046305 us being forced to be alone can give us
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00248-00046306-00046467 the time to do amazing things right now
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00249-00046468-00046643 so take advantage of it and use the
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00250-00046644-00046779 hub-and-spoke method that I talked about
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00251-00046780-00046977 in this video so two British things out
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00252-00046978-00047136 the short answer is if you're unsure
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00253-00047137-00047318 about releasing your song right now use
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00254-00047319-00047468 this time effectively by defining
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00255-00047469-00047624 targets and building up your community
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00256-00047625-00047799 and doing other things to bond with fans
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00257-00047800-00048024 work on your music and make sure that
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00258-00048025-00048170 this time sets you up for a better
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00259-00048171-00048357 future and don't get depressed and
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00260-00048358-00048512 wallow in it I hope you all keep your
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00261-00048513-00048657 heads up and stay healthy through this
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00262-00048658-00048864 best of luck that's it am I missing
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00263-00048865-00049080 anything is there any way you would have
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00264-00049081-00049245 done this I need to know your questions
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00265-00049246-00049392 and what no one else is telling you
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00266-00049393-00049557 since I want to answer them so leave
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00267-00049558-00049727 them in the comments I hope you liked
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00268-00049728-00049880 this video and if you did please like
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00269-00049881-00050058 and subscribe and get notified for my
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00270-00050059-00050226 future video since I'm gonna be breaking
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00271-00050227-00050412 down the concepts in this video along
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00272-00050413-00050583 with tons of others on promoting your
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00273-00050584-00050808 music and how to make music you're more
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00274-00050809-00051065 happy with as well I have a Facebook
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00275-00051066-00051176 group that's linked below
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00276-00051177-00051416 there's only helpful information no one
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00277-00051417-00051557 tried to sell you anything
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00278-00051558-00051845 playlists or con artists only helpful
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00279-00051846-00052026 information for musicians looking to be
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00280-00052027-00052248 better themselves if you want to learn
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00281-00052249-00052473 more about me make a record with me or
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00282-00052474-00052682 check out any of my books podcasts or
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00283-00052683-00052788 anything else I do
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00284-00052789-00053042 head to Jesse Kenan calm or at Jesse
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00285-00053044-00053271 Canon on any of the socials thanks for
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00286-00053272-00053538 watching one last thing if you liked
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00287-00053539-00053744 this video there's two playlists here
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00288-00053745-00053940 with tons more videos that you'll
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00289-00053941-00054119 probably enjoy ones about how you
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00290-00054120-00054285 promote your music and the others about
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00291-00054286-00054425 how you make songs you're happy with
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00292-00054426-00054563 otherwise you can hit the subscribe
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00293-00054564-00054743 button here to see you the rest of my
+e1JUlHBUwHu-00294-00054744-00055098 videos thanks so much for watching
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00000-00000848-00001623 and mine
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00001-00001623-00001855 let us start our today's lecture
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00002-00001855-00002223 for this nptel video course on
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00003-00002224-00002510 geotechnical earthquake engineering
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00004-00002511-00002702 we are currently going through our
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00005-00002703-00002975 module number nine which is seismic
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00006-00002976-00003191 analysis and design of various
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00007-00003192-00003383 geotechnical structures
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00008-00003384-00003638 within that module we were discussing
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00009-00003639-00003919 seismic design of retaining wall
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00010-00003920-00004263 so a quick recap what we have learnt in
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00011-00004264-00004535 our previous lecture
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00012-00004536-00004815 we have mentioned about mostly
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00013-00004816-00005006 force based analysis and
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00014-00005007-00005279 displacement based analysis and within
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00015-00005280-00005454 force based analysis we mentioned
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00016-00005455-00005775 serostatic analysis is the basic method
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00017-00005776-00005902 by which
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00018-00005903-00005999 the
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00019-00006000-00006238 analysis for the seismic earth pressure
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00020-00006239-00006478 acting on the retaining wall is computed
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00021-00006479-00006710 so that pseudostatic analysis was
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00022-00006711-00007031 originally proposed by tarzaghi in 1950
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00023-00007031-00007159 where the
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00024-00007159-00007414 seismic inertia force in horizontal and
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00025-00007415-00007670 vertical directions are calculated by
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00026-00007672-00008078 using these expressions where a h is
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00027-00008079-00008191 seismic
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00028-00008192-00008423 horizontal acceleration
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00029-00008424-00008783 w is the weight of the failure mass by g
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00030-00008784-00008983 is the acceleration due to gravity so a
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00031-00008984-00009263 h by g can be considered as k h which is
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00032-00009264-00009551 called coefficient of horizontal seismic
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00033-00009552-00009883 acceleration times w and the
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00034-00009884-00010135 seismic vertical inertia force is
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00035-00010136-00010527 calculated like a v times w by g
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00036-00010528-00010751 where a v is vertical seismic
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00037-00010752-00010935 acceleration g is acceleration due to
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00038-00010936-00011206 gravity so a v by g can be considered as
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00039-00011207-00011303 k v
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00040-00011304-00011606 kv is called coefficient of vertical
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00041-00011607-00011903 seismic acceleration times the w is the
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00042-00011904-00012095 mass of the or weight of the failure
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00043-00012096-00012414 zone so that way we compute the seismic
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00044-00012415-00012678 horizontal and vertical inertia forces
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00045-00012679-00013007 and gutenberg and richter in 1956 gave a
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00046-00013008-00013286 generalized expression how to estimate
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00047-00013287-00013575 the value of this a naught they exp they
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00048-00013576-00013847 have given this expression where this
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00049-00013847-00014094 log to the base 10 a naught is given by
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00050-00014095-00014383 this expression where m is the magnitude
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00051-00014384-00014575 of earthquake in the
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00052-00014576-00014855 close vicinity of an epicenter remember
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00053-00014856-00015127 this equation is only valid in the close
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00054-00015128-00015399 vicinity of the epicentral region and
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00055-00015400-00015679 for a shallow earthquake and m is the
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00056-00015680-00015871 local magnitude or richter magnitude
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00057-00015872-00016086 scale of the earthquake so
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00058-00016087-00016303 if somebody knows the local magnitude of
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00059-00016304-00016494 earthquake and if it is close to
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00060-00016495-00016679 epicenter they can compute the value of
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00061-00016680-00016967 a naught a naught is nothing but
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00062-00016968-00017199 they mentioned it is nothing but
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00063-00017200-00017375 horizontal seismic acceleration which
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00064-00017376-00017615 can be expressed as k h by g as i have
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00065-00017616-00017894 already mentioned so this is one way of
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00066-00017895-00018150 calculating cage other way as i have
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00067-00018151-00018471 already mentioned it can be taken as a
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00068-00018472-00018783 proportion or a component or a fraction
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00069-00018784-00018871 of
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00070-00018872-00018950 the
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00071-00018951-00019175 pga value that is peak horizontal and
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00072-00019176-00019422 peak vertical acceleration but most of
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00073-00019423-00019607 the times this k v is taken as a
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00074-00019608-00019847 function of k h that is either zero
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00075-00019848-00020079 times k h or half of k h or two third of
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00076-00020080-00020430 k h or full you know one times of k h
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00077-00020431-00020630 that means k v will be always less than
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00078-00020631-00020943 or equals to k h
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00079-00020944-00021239 then we have studied in detail the basic
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00080-00021240-00021471 pioneering work proposed by mononobe and
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00081-00021472-00021711 okabe mononov and matsuo proposed it in
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00082-00021712-00022039 1929 and okabe proposed it in 1926 the
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00083-00022040-00022327 pseudostatic approach for the rigid
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00084-00022328-00022519 retaining wall gravity type retaining
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00085-00022520-00022703 wall like this this is the active state
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00086-00022704-00022935 this is passive state and for planar
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00087-00022936-00023207 rupture surface with the cohesionless
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00088-00023208-00023519 soil only how to estimate by considering
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00089-00023520-00023863 this pseudostatic coefficients in the
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00090-00023864-00024167 failure mass how to estimate the seismic
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00091-00024168-00024358 passive and active earth pressure so
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00092-00024359-00024535 these are the
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00093-00024536-00024767 final equations or expressions proposed
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00094-00024768-00025014 by monona by okabe this is the
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00095-00025015-00025135 total
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00096-00025136-00025422 passive and active earth pressures so pp
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00097-00025423-00025639 is nothing but seismic passive earth
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00098-00025639-00025870 pressure and pa is nothing but seismic
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00099-00025872-00026102 active earth pressure total value of the
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00100-00026104-00026367 pressure is half gamma h square times
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00101-00026368-00026727 one minus kv times kae n or kpe that is
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00102-00026727-00026927 for active case it is k e that is
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00103-00026927-00027079 coefficient of active earth pressure
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00104-00027080-00027302 coefficient on the seismic condition and
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00105-00027304-00027574 k p is
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00106-00027575-00027702 seismic passive earth pressure
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00107-00027704-00027983 coefficient kv is the vertical seismic
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00108-00027983-00028223 acceleration coefficient h is the height
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00109-00028224-00028455 of the wall gamma is the unit weight of
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00110-00028456-00028687 the backfill material so the
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00111-00028688-00028999 expressions of kae or kp is given like
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00112-00029000-00029295 this so for ae one should use the upper
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00113-00029295-00029590 symbol that is here the minus here plus
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00114-00029591-00029895 here plus and here minus whereas for k p
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00115-00029895-00030095 e one should use the lower symbol that
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00116-00030095-00030383 is here plus here minus here minus and
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00117-00030383-00030607 here plus ok
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00118-00030608-00030799 where in this expression theta is
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00119-00030800-00031062 nothing but tan inverse k h by one minus
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00120-00031063-00031367 k v and other parameters like delta is
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00121-00031368-00031711 wall friction angle and phi is the soil
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00122-00031712-00032087 friction angle
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00123-00032088-00032335 and this beta is nothing but
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00124-00032336-00032558 the inclination of the
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00125-00032560-00032855 wall which is called wall batter and i
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00126-00032856-00033095 is nothing but inclination of the
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00127-00033096-00033327 ground
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00128-00033328-00033487 other researchers like matavan
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00129-00033488-00033743 commissioner rao in 1969
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00130-00033744-00033943 in their journal publication in soils
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00131-00033944-00034183 and foundations published by japanese
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00132-00034184-00034431 geotechnical society in japan they also
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00133-00034432-00034727 estimated the seismic active and passive
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00134-00034728-00034999 earth pressure using this pseudostatic
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00135-00035000-00035231 approach but they have used c phi type
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00136-00035232-00035399 of soil that is the generalized soil
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00137-00035400-00035599 whereas mononavio cave approach was only
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00138-00035600-00035815 for the cohesionless soil
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00139-00035816-00036143 then morrison and abelling in 1995 in
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00140-00036144-00036295 their journal paper canadian
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00141-00036296-00036511 geotechnical journal they proposed for a
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00142-00036512-00036711 rigid retaining wall how to estimate the
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00143-00036712-00036943 passive earth pressure considering
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00144-00036944-00037207 carved linear that is instead of a
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00145-00037208-00037430 planar failure surface curvilinear
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00146-00037431-00037599 failure surface and the shape of that
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00147-00037600-00037735 curvilinear failure surface they
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00148-00037736-00037855 considered a
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00149-00037856-00038030 logarithmic failure surface and they
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00150-00038031-00038351 estimated the pseudostatic seismic
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00151-00038352-00038518 passive earth pressure acting on the
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00152-00038519-00038702 retaining wall using limit equilibrium
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00153-00038703-00039007 approach then sobra in 2000 which is
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00154-00039008-00039190 also published in the journal canadian
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00155-00039191-00039383 geotechnical journal
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00156-00039384-00039559 found out the seismic passive earth
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00157-00039560-00039759 pressure coefficient acting on a rigid
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00158-00039760-00039967 retaining wall by considering
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00159-00039968-00040111 curvilinear
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00160-00040112-00040335 failure surface but this curvilinear
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00161-00040336-00040599 surface was proposed to be a piecewise
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00162-00040600-00040846 linear like wedges like this so these
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00163-00040847-00041087 are piecewise linear as you can see so
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00164-00041088-00041271 if you increase the number of this
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00165-00041272-00041495 triangular wedges obviously it will give
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00166-00041496-00041574 you
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00167-00041575-00041887 more curvilinear surface right
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00168-00041888-00042174 then kumar in 2001 which is also
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00169-00042175-00042335 appeared in canadian geotechnical
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00170-00042336-00042462 journal
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00171-00042463-00042702 estimated the seismic passive earth
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00172-00042703-00042943 pressure coefficient based on two types
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00173-00042944-00043167 of failure surface one is convex failure
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00174-00043168-00043383 surface another is concave failure
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00175-00043384-00043599 surface which i have referred in the
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00176-00043600-00043751 previous lecture as positive and
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00177-00043752-00044023 negative wall friction angle cases
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00178-00044024-00044262 then
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00179-00044263-00044567 our joint research work that is it is a
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00180-00044568-00044846 part of my phd work with under the
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00181-00044847-00045071 supervision of my supervisor professor k
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00182-00045072-00045302 subaru at iisc bangalore this
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00183-00045303-00045558 publication subbarao and chaudhary 2005
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00184-00045559-00045774 in asc journal of geotechnical and geo
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00185-00045775-00046046 environmental engineering we considered
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00186-00046047-00046255 the estimation of seismic passive earth
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00187-00046256-00046471 pressure for positive delta case we have
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00188-00046472-00046671 explained what is positive delta case
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00189-00046672-00046879 the total seismic passive earth pressure
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00190-00046880-00047151 is estimated using three components one
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00191-00047152-00047318 is unit weight component another
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00192-00047319-00047583 surcharge component and another is
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00193-00047584-00047862 cohesion component that is a generalized
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00194-00047863-00048086 case has been considered for a c5 soil
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00195-00048087-00048318 with the surcharge acting on the ground
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00196-00048319-00048543 so if any component is absent one can
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00197-00048544-00048783 easily take the corresponding value of
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00198-00048784-00048967 the coefficients and these are the
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00199-00048968-00049215 ranges of the wall batter this is the
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00200-00049216-00049415 wall batter wall inclination is the
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00201-00049416-00049607 ranges of the ground inclination which
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00202-00049608-00049830 are considered so these are parametric
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00203-00049831-00050118 studies was carried out soil friction
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00204-00050119-00050511 angle range wall friction angle range
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00205-00050512-00050751 wall adhesion wall adhesion also a
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00206-00050752-00050974 function of the soil cohesion with
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00207-00050975-00051143 respect to the
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00208-00051144-00051342 wall friction angle with respect to this
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00209-00051344-00051542 value and horizontal seismic
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00210-00051544-00051742 acceleration coefficient with this range
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00211-00051744-00051894 and vertical seismic acceleration
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00212-00051895-00052070 coefficient in this
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00213-00052071-00052335 range of parameter
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00214-00052336-00052535 so this was the model as we have already
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00215-00052536-00052766 seen in our previous lecture that is the
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00216-00052767-00052950 composite failures curved rupture
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00217-00052951-00053126 surface was considered for the case of
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00218-00053127-00053350 passive earth pressure and the
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00219-00053351-00053703 exit angle was derived
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00220-00053704-00053782 as
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00221-00053783-00054023 given by this expression
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00222-00054024-00054111 then
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00223-00054112-00054359 the individual seismic passive earth
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00224-00054360-00054607 pressure coefficients like k p gamma d
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00225-00054608-00054838 in terms of unit weight
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00226-00054839-00055182 k p q d in terms of surcharge and k p c
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00227-00055183-00055375 d in terms of cohesion component were
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00228-00055376-00055575 estimated so these are the design values
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00229-00055576-00055791 of the seismic passive earth pressure
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00230-00055791-00056007 coefficients and
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00231-00056008-00056150 these are the
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00232-00056151-00056479 design charts which any practitioners or
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00233-00056479-00056719 designer can easily use as i have said
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00234-00056720-00056999 knowing the value of k h input value as
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00235-00057000-00057199 per the seismic zone is concerned and
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00236-00057200-00057479 the design value of k v as i said astro
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00237-00057479-00057711 code suggest kv to be considered as
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00238-00057712-00058015 two-third of kh typically
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00239-00058016-00058294 and knowing the soil
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00240-00058295-00058599 what is the value of the phi of soil one
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00241-00058600-00058823 can get the value of k p gamma d from
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00242-00058824-00059150 this design chart similarly for k p q d
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00243-00059151-00059366 and also from this design table one can
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00244-00059367-00059671 get for the k p c d depending on what is
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00245-00059672-00059887 wall addition whether it is a zero
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00246-00059888-00060166 adhesion or there is a full adhesion so
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00247-00060167-00060503 if it is in between then one can do a
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00248-00060504-00060735 linear interpolation
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00249-00060736-00060991 now if one
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00250-00060991-00061238 tries to get an optimum design of a
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00251-00061239-00061447 retaining wall so they should know what
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00252-00061448-00061623 should be the better angle
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00253-00061624-00061879 so for knowing the batter angle seismic
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00254-00061879-00062054 passive resistance should be maximum
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00255-00062055-00062263 because passive maximum means you are
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00256-00062264-00062519 getting the advantage whereas for active
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00257-00062520-00062703 minimum is
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00258-00062704-00063119 it is advantageous for the design right
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00259-00063120-00063359 whereas we are getting the active value
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00260-00063360-00063726 maximized and passive value minimized
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00261-00063727-00063847 so
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00262-00063848-00064038 if we see the variation with respect to
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00263-00064039-00064279 wall batter angle alpha you can see the
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00264-00064279-00064503 variation of k p gamma d as alpha
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00265-00064504-00064711 changes from negative batter to positive
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00266-00064712-00064894 battery it varies like this
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00267-00064895-00065126 same similar trend has been obtained for
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00268-00065127-00065263 kpqd
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00269-00065264-00065494 whereas for
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00270-00065495-00065743 ground surface inclination there is a
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00271-00065744-00066015 surcharge if it increases for negative
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00272-00066016-00066238 to positive the
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00273-00066239-00066375 seismic passive earth pressure
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00274-00066376-00066567 coefficient keeps on increasing whether
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00275-00066568-00067015 it is k p gamma d or k p q d
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00276-00067016-00067311 and with respect to this ratio of wall
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00277-00067312-00067479 friction angle to soil friction angle
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00278-00067480-00067631 that is delta by phi
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00279-00067632-00067887 as we have mentioned this delta by phi
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00280-00067888-00068126 less than equals to one third means it
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00281-00068127-00068350 can be considered as planar rupture
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00282-00068351-00068511 surface but beyond one third it should
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00283-00068512-00068759 be curved rupture surface so if it
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00284-00068760-00069038 varies between 0 to 1 the variation of
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00285-00069039-00069182 this seismic passive earth pressure
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00286-00069183-00069559 coefficients are like this
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00287-00069560-00069679 as i said
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00288-00069680-00069903 for intermediate values which are not
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00289-00069904-00070143 given in the table or
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00290-00070144-00070335 instead of reading directly from the
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00291-00070336-00070543 chart one can get the values from the
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00292-00070544-00070767 table and then use this interpolation
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00293-00070768-00070982 formula to get intermediate value that
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00294-00070983-00071255 is we have computed for say k h value
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00295-00071256-00071471 point two point three g point four g
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00296-00071472-00071671 like that if somebody wants for point
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00297-00071672-00071919 two five g or point two seven g they can
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00298-00071920-00072143 use this interpolation formula and get
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00299-00072144-00072326 the design value easily because the
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00300-00072327-00072543 variation is linear with respect to log
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00301-00072544-00072823 scale
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00302-00072824-00073031 then validation of superposition also
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00303-00073032-00073206 was done why the validation of
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00304-00073207-00073391 superposition is required because you
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00305-00073392-00073671 remember we estimated individually the
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00306-00073672-00073855 three components unit weight components
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00307-00073856-00073982 are charged component and cohesion
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00308-00073983-00074215 component but in reality it will be a
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00309-00074216-00074447 single failure surface and not the three
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00310-00074448-00074623 individual components will come into
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00311-00074624-00074894 picture so to take care of that if we
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00312-00074895-00075079 take the single failure surface what is
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00313-00075080-00075287 the problem the problem will be it will
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00314-00075288-00075623 be case specific k specific in the sense
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00315-00075624-00075855 for a particular data only you will get
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00316-00075856-00076191 one set of result for another change of
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00317-00076192-00076391 data you will get another single failure
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00318-00076392-00076623 surface so you are not going to get a
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00319-00076624-00076903 closed form generalized design solution
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00320-00076904-00077135 so to get a generalized design solution
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00321-00077136-00077319 independent failure surface is advised
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00322-00077320-00077631 to use so that is why we try to check
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00323-00077632-00077871 what is the error by doing that
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00324-00077872-00078094 principle of superposition method by
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00325-00078095-00078287 using independent failure surface and a
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00326-00078288-00078519 single failure surface for a given set
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00327-00078520-00078735 of data for a given set of data you can
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00328-00078736-00078943 see for different combinations like c5
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00329-00078944-00079175 soil with surcharge c5 soil without
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00330-00079176-00079382 surcharge and phi soil with a with
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00331-00079383-00079582 surcharge that is all possible cases are
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00332-00079583-00079726 taken care of
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00333-00079727-00080031 percentage error between the actual
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00334-00080032-00080223 single failure surface and independent
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00335-00080224-00080615 failure surface is very minima within 3
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00336-00080616-00080871 percent which is acceptable range and
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00337-00080872-00081150 not only that that error is on the safer
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00338-00081151-00081438 side why safer side if you look at the
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00339-00081439-00081694 value of this total ppd
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00340-00081695-00081959 and ppd star in the case of single
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00341-00081960-00082294 failure surface in ppd using independent
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00342-00082295-00082543 failure surface is the absolute minimum
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00343-00082544-00082775 one and for passive case of design we
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00344-00082776-00082999 want the absolute minimum one right so
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00345-00083000-00083215 this error is on the safer side of the
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00346-00083216-00083438 error and that to this error on the
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00347-00083439-00083655 within the range of within three percent
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00348-00083656-00083943 so this independent failure surface
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00349-00083944-00084062 approach or the principle of
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00350-00084063-00084318 superposition is can be well accepted in
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00351-00084319-00084511 the design
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00352-00084512-00084759 the comparison of the our proposed value
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00353-00084760-00084871 of this
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00354-00084872-00085191 k p gamma d coefficients of seismic
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00355-00085192-00085382 passive earth pressure with respect to
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00356-00085383-00085591 other researchers are shown over here
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00357-00085592-00085791 obviously our values are far away from
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00358-00085792-00085991 the mononavakabe because of the reason
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00359-00085992-00086167 mononavio can be considered the planar
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00360-00086168-00086431 rupture surface for passive case which
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00361-00086432-00086726 seriously overestimates the value right
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00362-00086727-00086991 whereas present study gives the critical
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00363-00086992-00087175 value or the design value or the minimum
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00364-00087176-00087391 value compared to mononovokovic and
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00365-00087392-00087599 compared to other researches also the
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00366-00087600-00087879 optimization has been shown over here
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00367-00087880-00088087 similarly for negative delta case also
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00368-00088088-00088343 we have described in previous lecture
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00369-00088344-00088535 which is available in the publication in
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00370-00088536-00088735 canadian geotechnical journal chaudhary
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00371-00088736-00089047 and subarou 2002 this is the volume and
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00372-00089048-00089175 page number
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00373-00089176-00089262 that
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00374-00089263-00089423 for a negative
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00375-00089424-00089599 friction angle case of passive earth
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00376-00089600-00089775 pressure this is the failure surface
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00377-00089776-00089975 curved failure sources of logarithmic
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00378-00089976-00090191 surface was considered and the design
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00379-00090192-00090359 values of this passive earth pressure
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00380-00090360-00090591 coefficients are obtained these are the
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00381-00090592-00090806 typical design charts for this passive
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00382-00090807-00090967 earth pressure coefficients in terms of
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00383-00090968-00091262 k p gamma d k p q d and these are the
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00384-00091263-00091550 table for k p c d for different ranges
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00385-00091551-00091879 of wall adhesion so any wall adhesion in
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00386-00091880-00092135 between one can easily interpolate using
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00387-00092136-00092431 that interpolation formula
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00388-00092432-00092759 we have also seen the variation of alpha
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00389-00092760-00092991 that is wall batter how it effects on
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00390-00092992-00093326 this seismic earth pressure coefficients
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00391-00093327-00093559 also the variation of delta by phi how
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00392-00093560-00093855 it affects in the design values of this
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00393-00093856-00093982 seismic passive earth pressure
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00394-00093983-00094215 coefficients here also the principle of
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00395-00094216-00094431 superposition has been checked using
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00396-00094432-00094615 independent as well as single failure
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00397-00094616-00094871 surface for a chosen data and it has
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00398-00094872-00095135 been found that maximum error here also
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00399-00095136-00095391 is within five percent only four point
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00400-00095392-00095655 one percent and that two here as well
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00401-00095656-00095911 the error is on the safer side that is
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00402-00095912-00096126 we are estimating by using independent
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00403-00096127-00096326 failure sources the minimum value of the
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00404-00096327-00096550 passive earth pressure
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00405-00096551-00096735 then in the previous lecture we have
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00406-00096736-00097094 also discussed how to estimate the
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00407-00097095-00097271 point of application of the total
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00408-00097272-00097503 passive resistance acting on a wall
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00409-00097504-00097687 under the seismic condition using this
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00410-00097688-00097894 horizontal slice approach so for
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00411-00097895-00098126 individual slice these are the forces
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00412-00098127-00098447 acting one assumption is that these two
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00413-00098448-00098735 plane of this slices are considered as
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00414-00098736-00098935 the principal plane so there is no shear
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00415-00098936-00099191 forces acting so this is the publication
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00416-00099192-00099471 available chaudhary subara and ghosh
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00417-00099472-00099679 in the proceedings of the 15th
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00418-00099680-00099894 international conference of engineering
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00419-00099895-00100238 mechanics division which is e m 2002 of
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00420-00100239-00100494 asc
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00421-00100495-00100662 these are the formulation of the
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00422-00100663-00100943 equation of the earth pressure and these
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00423-00100944-00101079 are final
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00424-00101080-00101206 seismic passive earth pressure
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00425-00101207-00101431 coefficient as you can see the
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00426-00101432-00101599 assumption was the planar rupture
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00427-00101600-00101831 surface so so the values of this seismic
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00428-00101832-00101991 passive earth pressure coefficients what
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00429-00101992-00102223 we are getting using this approach and
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00430-00102224-00102430 mononovokovic's equation should remain
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00431-00102431-00102686 same right that is one of the validity
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00432-00102688-00102934 so they remain same but what is the
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00433-00102935-00103239 advantage of this method of slice which
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00434-00103240-00103447 you are not getting in the method ah in
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00435-00103448-00103678 the mononuno beokabe method that the
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00436-00103679-00103894 point of application was not known in
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00437-00103895-00104054 this case you can see the point of
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00438-00104055-00104342 application for static case it is always
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00439-00104343-00104558 one third from the height which is all
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00440-00104559-00104766 known to us but in seismic case it is
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00441-00104767-00104958 not at one third but at some other
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00442-00104959-00105134 different height depending on the
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00443-00105135-00105423 combinations of k h k v and other
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00444-00105424-00105623 combinations of inclinations of the wall
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00445-00105624-00105847 you can see there is a non-linearity
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00446-00105848-00106119 involved close to the bottom of the
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00447-00106120-00106358 or base of the wall
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00448-00106359-00106647 and that non-linearity depends whether
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00449-00106648-00106951 it is convex upward or concave upward
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00450-00106952-00107334 depending on the inclination of the wall
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00451-00107335-00107527 then in the previous lecture we also
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00452-00107528-00107758 discussed about the basic displacement
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00453-00107759-00107927 based approach which was proposed by
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00454-00107928-00108190 richard and elms by considering the
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00455-00108191-00108439 permanent displacement of the wall
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00456-00108440-00108654 considering the sliding of the wall
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00457-00108655-00108910 using the pseudostatic approach which is
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00458-00108911-00109119 available in this asc journal paper
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00459-00109120-00109286 journal of geotechnical engineering by
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00460-00109288-00109463 richard and elms in nineteen seventy
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00461-00109464-00109647 nine
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00462-00109648-00109823 we also discussed in our previous
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00463-00109824-00110031 lecture what are the major limitations
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00464-00110032-00110334 about pseudostatic approach like it
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00465-00110335-00110539 is very crude to
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00466-00110540-00110854 approximate the actual complex nature of
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00467-00110855-00111110 the dynamic problem and transient nature
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00468-00111111-00111358 of the earthquake shaking into a single
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00469-00111359-00111631 constant unidirectional coefficient or
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00470-00111632-00111871 value in the analysis but why still
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00471-00111872-00112086 people use it because of its simplicity
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00472-00112088-00112310 and straightforwardness and no advance
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00473-00112311-00112495 complex analysis is required so that is
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00474-00112496-00112758 why this method is still popular among
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00475-00112759-00112990 engineers
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00476-00112991-00113063 to
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00477-00113064-00113278 to overcome all these limitations of
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00478-00113279-00113495 pseudostatic method modern pseudo
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00479-00113496-00113751 dynamic approach was proposed as i said
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00480-00113752-00113966 steedman and jing originally proposed
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00481-00113967-00114247 considering only the horizontal seismic
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00482-00114248-00114415 inertia force and the share wave
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00483-00114416-00114710 velocity then later on my first phd
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00484-00114711-00114983 student dr sanjay nimbalkar
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00485-00114983-00115239 his phd thesis work he has given a
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00486-00115240-00115447 generalized solution of this
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00487-00115448-00115639 pseudo dynamic approach considering both
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00488-00115640-00115839 horizontal as well as vertical seismic
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00489-00115840-00116110 inertia force and both shear wave
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00490-00116111-00116343 velocity and primary wave velocity which
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00491-00116344-00116463 are coming
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00492-00116464-00116799 including the soil amplification factor
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00493-00116800-00117119 duration of earthquake and frequency of
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00494-00117120-00117263 earthquake motion so these are the
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00495-00117264-00117502 advantages which are not available in
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00496-00117503-00117775 the serostatic approach so details about
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00497-00117776-00117839 this
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00498-00117840-00118047 analysis is available
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00499-00118048-00118215 in this journal paper chaudhary and
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00500-00118216-00118534 nimbalka 2005 in the journal geotechnic
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00501-00118535-00118695 published by institute of civil
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00502-00118696-00118871 engineers london
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00503-00118872-00119119 uk this is the volume number and page
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00504-00119120-00119247 number
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00505-00119248-00119431 and we had
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00506-00119432-00119654 proposed this closed form design
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00507-00119655-00119983 solution or the designers
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00508-00119983-00120271 equation which is necessary to design an
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00509-00120272-00120486 seismic passive earth pressure case of
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00510-00120488-00120743 retaining wall the seismic passive earth
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00511-00120744-00120983 pressure coefficient expression k p e
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00512-00120983-00121183 which needs to be optimized with respect
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00513-00121183-00121407 to this alpha failure angle as well as
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00514-00121408-00121614 this t by t ratio that is duration of
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00515-00121615-00121854 earthquake and the period of earthquake
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00516-00121855-00122031 that needs to be optimized to get the
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00517-00122032-00122351 minimum value of this k p e and another
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00518-00122352-00122551 advantage in this case of stereo dynamic
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00519-00122552-00122734 we are getting the distribution of the
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00520-00122735-00122886 passive earth pressure with respect to
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00521-00122888-00123086 the wall which can be seen from this
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00522-00123088-00123343 result that this is red line is the
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00523-00123344-00123623 static one as seismicity increases as
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00524-00123624-00123839 expected the design value of passive air
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00525-00123840-00124095 pressure is decreasing and non-linearity
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00526-00124096-00124327 of it is increasing with increasing the
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00527-00124328-00124647 seismicity
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00528-00124648-00124895 and the effect of this soil
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00529-00124896-00125166 amplification factor can be seen on the
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00530-00125167-00125302 seismic passive earth pressure
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00531-00125303-00125502 coefficient as the soil amplification
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00532-00125503-00125783 factor increases there is a decreased
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00533-00125783-00125943 significant decrease in the seismic
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00534-00125944-00126127 passive earth pressure coefficient value
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00535-00126128-00126271 which needs to be considered in the
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00536-00126272-00126463 design which is available in the journal
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00537-00126464-00126727 paper nimbalkar and chaudhary 2008 in
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00538-00126728-00127110 the journal of earthquake and tsunami
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00539-00127111-00127366 these are the comparison of the proposed
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00540-00127367-00127566 pseudo dynamic method of chaudhry and
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00541-00127567-00127775 nimbalkar with respect to the
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00542-00127776-00127983 pseudostatic method of mononavio kabayan
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00543-00127983-00128231 chaudhary 2004 which is available in
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00544-00128232-00128486 geotechnic you can see the pseudo
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00545-00128488-00128719 dynamic method gives the critical value
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00546-00128720-00128943 of the design value the minimum value of
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00547-00128944-00129095 the seismic passive earth pressure
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00548-00129096-00129399 coefficient for any given value of kh as
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00549-00129400-00129614 shown over here
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00550-00129615-00129847 then we have seen the active earth
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00551-00129848-00130119 pressure seismic active earth pressure
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00552-00130120-00130319 determination by using the pseudo
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00553-00130320-00130502 dynamic approach as
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00554-00130503-00130743 given by chaudhary and nimbalkar 2006
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00555-00130744-00130919 this is the journal paper geotechnical
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00556-00130920-00131127 and geological engineering springer
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00557-00131128-00131502 publication in 2006
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00558-00131503-00131687 these are the formulation or estimation
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00559-00131688-00131902 of the seismic horizontal and vertical
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00560-00131903-00132151 inertia forces that is multiplying that
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00561-00132152-00132366 infinitesimal soil mass with respect to
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00562-00132367-00132566 the acceleration and integrating that
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00563-00132567-00132799 over the entire depth of the wall for
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00564-00132800-00133007 that infinitesimal soil mass which is
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00565-00133008-00133231 shown over here and then doing the
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00566-00133232-00133590 equilibrium of all the forces the
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00567-00133591-00133919 seismic active earth pressure p a can be
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00568-00133920-00134143 obtained like this
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00569-00134144-00134287 and seismic active earth pressure
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00570-00134288-00134519 coefficient k e also in the closed form
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00571-00134520-00134719 solution or the design solution can be
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00572-00134720-00135007 given like this also its distribution
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00573-00135008-00135351 can be obtained using this expression
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00574-00135352-00135559 which can be seen from this result one
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00575-00135560-00135807 typical result for this given data set
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00576-00135808-00136023 has been shown over here this red color
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00577-00136024-00136190 shows the static value of the earth
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00578-00136191-00136478 pressure and as the seismicity increases
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00579-00136479-00136695 the seismic earth pressure
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00580-00136696-00136863 in the active state should increase that
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00581-00136864-00137183 is the design value and non-linearity of
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00582-00137184-00137407 it also increases that is its point of
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00583-00137408-00137614 application shifts towards
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00584-00137615-00137943 upward from that one third of from the
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00585-00137944-00138175 base of the wall which is generally
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00586-00138176-00138423 considered for the static case
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00587-00138424-00138599 and also the effect of soil
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00588-00138600-00138814 amplification factor for the seismic
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00589-00138815-00138966 active earth pressure also shown over
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00590-00138967-00139214 here as amplification increases you can
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00591-00139215-00139399 see there is a significant increase in
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00592-00139400-00139575 the value of seismic active earth
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00593-00139576-00139759 pressure coefficient which needs to be
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00594-00139760-00140014 considered in the design
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00595-00140015-00140231 now let us come to the experimental
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00596-00140232-00140439 validation of this pseudo dynamic method
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00597-00140440-00140590 because this pseudo dynamic method is a
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00598-00140591-00140871 recent method it needs to be validated
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00599-00140872-00141119 using the experimental results available
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00600-00141120-00141423 so for that the geotechnical dynamic
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00601-00141424-00141647 centrifuge facility which is available
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00602-00141648-00142047 at university of california davis in usa
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00603-00142048-00142335 the results obtained by research other
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00604-00142336-00142583 researchers were used they did an
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00605-00142584-00142839 analysis for this bart bart is nothing
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00606-00142840-00143087 but bay area rapid transit or a metro
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00607-00143088-00143366 railway system for underground
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00608-00143367-00143654 tunnel they need to redesign it under
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00609-00143655-00143807 different earthquake condition latest
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00610-00143808-00143935 earthquake condition that was the
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00611-00143936-00144039 project
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00612-00144040-00144287 which they have done using this
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00613-00144288-00144502 largest geotechnical centrifuge in the
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00614-00144503-00144726 world which is available at university
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00615-00144727-00144999 of california at davis campus this is
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00616-00145000-00145359 the capacity or 2 240 g turn capacity
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00617-00145360-00145623 and that centrifuge can do the dynamic
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00618-00145624-00145839 testing because in the
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00619-00145840-00146207 shaker during shaking they have the
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00620-00146208-00146431 one checking table
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00621-00146432-00146663 which is installed in the shaker that is
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00622-00146664-00146887 during the flight it can simulate the
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00623-00146888-00147166 vibration and these are the dimension
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00624-00147167-00147454 9.1 meter of the radius of the
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00625-00147455-00147583 centrifuge
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00626-00147584-00147807 other payload and bucket area is given
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00627-00147808-00147983 over here
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00628-00147984-00148375 you can see it can go up to 30 g maximum
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00629-00148376-00148607 frequency of 200 hertz with actuator
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00630-00148608-00148975 force of 400 newton this is a
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00631-00148976-00149319 biaxial shaker which is implanted on
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00632-00149320-00149439 this
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00633-00149440-00149743 box of this centrifuge container
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00634-00149744-00150031 position where it can be kept and the
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00635-00150032-00150166 researchers
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00636-00150167-00150423 like atik and sitar
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00637-00150424-00150695 who have published their data in 2010 in
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00638-00150696-00150911 this ac journal of geotechnical and
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00639-00150912-00151119 geoenvironmental engineering they have
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00640-00151120-00151375 given all the results of this bart
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00641-00151376-00151575 tunnel which they have analyzed in this
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00642-00151576-00151751 dynamic centrifuge
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00643-00151752-00152047 using different input earthquake motion
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00644-00152048-00152287 and they have compared their dynamic
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00645-00152288-00152454 earth pressure under the active
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00646-00152455-00152678 condition of earth pressure what are the
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00647-00152679-00152839 earth pressure values they are getting
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00648-00152840-00153175 under different earthquake excitations
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00649-00153176-00153471 the similar test dynamic centrifuge test
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00650-00153472-00153711 on the retaining wall was also done by
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00651-00153712-00154063 zheng in 1998 it is a phd thesis work of
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00652-00154064-00154223 professor zing
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00653-00154224-00154423 at
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00654-00154424-00154814 university cambridge university at uk
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00655-00154815-00155031 under the supervision of professor
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00656-00155032-00155295 steedman so in the
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00657-00155296-00155687 zinc thesis you can see this is the use
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00658-00155688-00155943 of the dynamic centrifuge facility of
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00659-00155944-00156175 cambridge university in uk
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00660-00156176-00156439 they also did the test the results are
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00661-00156440-00156566 available in this journal of
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00662-00156567-00156743 geotechnical and geoenvironmental
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00663-00156744-00157135 engineering of asc 1998
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00664-00157136-00157302 and these are the
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00665-00157303-00157639 results which shows a non dimensional
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00666-00157640-00157935 depth in the y axis and dynamic moment
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00667-00157936-00158119 increment what is dynamic moment
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00668-00158120-00158335 increment this is how the dynamic moment
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00669-00158336-00158543 increment is expressed there is the
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00670-00158544-00158702 seismic active earth pressure which is a
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00671-00158703-00158943 function of z and t now
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00672-00158944-00159183 integrated over the
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00673-00159184-00159478 entire height and get the moment because
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00674-00159479-00159790 for moment you need to multiply this
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00675-00159791-00160014 earth pressure with respect to the lever
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00676-00160015-00160254 arm or the distance from the base so
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00677-00160255-00160471 that way you can see
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00678-00160472-00160671 this dotted line shows the mononavioca
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00679-00160672-00160902 base pseudostatic method which is the
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00680-00160903-00161143 linear one as we all know this will show
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00681-00161144-00161326 always a linear variation
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00682-00161327-00161526 the centrifuge test result dynamic
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00683-00161527-00161719 centrifuge test results of stage band
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00684-00161720-00162023 and zheng of 1990 these are the points
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00685-00162024-00162326 plus sign whereas the present pseudo
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00686-00162327-00162543 dynamic method this is the non-linear
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00687-00162544-00162759 variation this line in terms of dynamic
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00688-00162760-00163071 moment increment is shown over here so
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00689-00163072-00163351 the pseudo dynamic approach
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00690-00163352-00163447 very
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00691-00163448-00163671 closely matching with the
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00692-00163672-00163959 exact observation what has been found in
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00693-00163960-00164175 this dynamic centrifuge test which is
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00694-00164176-00164351 not the case with the conventional
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00695-00164352-00164671 pseudostatic approach this also says the
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00696-00164672-00164951 advantage or the necessity of using the
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00697-00164952-00165166 pseudo dynamic approach compared to the
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00698-00165167-00165431 pseudostatic approach
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00699-00165432-00165551 now
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00700-00165552-00165726 to design
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00701-00165727-00165999 retaining wall section as i have already
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00702-00166000-00166183 mentioned not only this force based
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00703-00166184-00166390 method we should adopt that is we should
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00704-00166391-00166663 not be happy only by knowing this total
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00705-00166664-00166854 earth pressure and their point of
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00706-00166855-00167119 application but also we should know how
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00707-00167120-00167335 much displacement of this wall etcetera
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00708-00167336-00167590 is occurring for that we can consider
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00709-00167591-00167863 either sliding or rotational movement of
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00710-00167864-00168166 the wall so how to consider that let us
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00711-00168167-00168383 see over here
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00712-00168384-00168551 this is
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00713-00168552-00168751 from the war published by nimbalkar and
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00714-00168752-00169078 chaudhary 2008 this is the detail of the
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00715-00169079-00169287 paper it is published in international
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00716-00169288-00169519 journal of geotechnical engineering
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00717-00169520-00169647 in 2008
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00718-00169648-00169863 seismic design of retaining wall
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00719-00169864-00170175 considering wall and soil inertia in all
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00720-00170176-00170399 the previous problem we were considering
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00721-00170400-00170663 the seismic active earth pressure
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00722-00170664-00170943 taking into consideration of the
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00723-00170944-00171183 seismicity within the failure zone of
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00724-00171184-00171614 the soil mass only but the same inertia
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00725-00171615-00171854 similar type of seismic inertia will act
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00726-00171855-00172047 on the wall section also
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00727-00172048-00172278 so that also need to be considered and
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00728-00172279-00172487 when we are considering that similar to
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00729-00172488-00172671 the method of richard and ends what i
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00730-00172672-00172814 have explained earlier for the
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00731-00172815-00173087 pseudostatic case now the pseudo dynamic
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00732-00173088-00173343 case has been applied for this
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00733-00173344-00173631 wall as well as soil considering this
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00734-00173632-00173854 infinitesimal wall element here and soil
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00735-00173855-00174071 element here considering the sliding of
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00736-00174072-00174287 the block so if it tends to slide in
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00737-00174288-00174543 this direction in this direction the
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00738-00174544-00174751 corresponding shear forces etcetera will
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00739-00174752-00175078 come into picture as shown over here
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00740-00175079-00175383 from the analysis it has been proposed
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00741-00175384-00175583 one three different factors were
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00742-00175584-00175807 proposed one is soil thrust factor which
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00743-00175808-00176063 is nothing but ratio of that seismic
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00744-00176064-00176271 active earth pressure to the static
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00745-00176272-00176463 active earth pressure
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00746-00176464-00176719 another is wall inertia factor which is
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00747-00176720-00177031 given by this c i e which is a function
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00748-00177032-00177214 of time by c i
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00749-00177215-00177447 a which is a static function so the
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00750-00177448-00177807 expressions for c i t and c i a is given
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00751-00177808-00178102 so c i a is for the static case this phi
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00752-00178103-00178302 b is nothing but
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00753-00178303-00178454 the
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00754-00178455-00178695 the tan of phi b is nothing but
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00755-00178696-00178983 this interface friction between the base
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00756-00178984-00179375 of the wall and the foundation soil
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00757-00179376-00179638 and for the dynamic case it should take
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00758-00179639-00179878 care of the
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00759-00179879-00179999 wall
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00760-00180000-00180311 inertia which is also acting on the wall
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00761-00180312-00180438 in the horizontal and vertical
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00762-00180439-00180623 directions can you see over here so
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00763-00180624-00180895 these are the wall inertia factors
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00764-00180896-00181295 and the combined dynamic factor f w is
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00765-00181296-00181511 defined as a multiplication of the soil
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00766-00181512-00181759 thrust factor and wall inertia factor so
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00767-00181760-00181966 far we talked about soil thrust factor
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00768-00181967-00182207 only now we are introducing this wall
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00769-00182208-00182487 inertia factor okay can you see that
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00770-00182488-00182799 so the total dynamic or combined dynamic
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00771-00182800-00183038 factor is expressed as
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00772-00183039-00183195 ratio of
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00773-00183196-00183614 wwt by ww what does it mean w w is
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00774-00183615-00183783 nothing but
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00775-00183784-00184190 weight of this wall required for the
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00776-00184191-00184495 stability of the wall under sliding mode
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00777-00184496-00184623 of failure
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00778-00184624-00185054 under static condition and this wwt
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00779-00185055-00185326 refers to the weight of the wall under
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00780-00185327-00185607 seismic loading condition
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00781-00185608-00185950 what does it mean suppose if we are able
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00782-00185951-00186199 to give this design values or design
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00783-00186200-00186495 chart for this soil thrust factor and
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00784-00186496-00186678 wall inertia factor
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00785-00186679-00186863 automatically we will get the design
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00786-00186864-00187014 chart for
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00787-00187015-00187343 combined dynamic factor once you know
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00788-00187344-00187566 the combined dynamic factor
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00789-00187567-00187838 for a particular seismicity level and
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00790-00187839-00188071 soil input parameters
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00791-00188072-00188247 you already know
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00792-00188248-00188487 how much weight of the wall you should
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00793-00188488-00188838 provide for static stability
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00794-00188839-00189102 with respect to sliding mode of failure
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00795-00189103-00189407 now knowing this f w and w w you can
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00796-00189408-00189599 automatically find out what should be
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00797-00189600-00189687 your
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00798-00189688-00189919 weight of the wall under seismic
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00799-00189920-00190054 condition
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00800-00190055-00190143 clear
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00801-00190144-00190390 let me clarify it once again if we look
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00802-00190391-00190631 at this variation of these proposed
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00803-00190632-00190823 design factors what we have proposed
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00804-00190824-00191078 here in this paper
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00805-00191079-00191359 this red color line gives us the combine
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00806-00191360-00191623 dynamic factor fw so suppose somebody
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00807-00191624-00192007 wants to design the wall at a seismic
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00808-00192008-00192295 zone where the k h value the input value
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00809-00192296-00192543 can be taken as point two g
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00810-00192544-00192638 ok
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00811-00192639-00192926 and k v value should be taken let us say
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00812-00192927-00193231 half of k h so point one g so for that
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00813-00193232-00193359 combination
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00814-00193360-00193566 the value of
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00815-00193567-00193854 fw comes out to be
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00816-00193855-00194119 about 3 little higher than 3 3 point
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00817-00194120-00194311 something as you can see from this point
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00818-00194312-00194423 right
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00819-00194424-00194663 that means if you want to design the
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00820-00194664-00194854 wall in this section
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00821-00194855-00195271 what you should do
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00822-00195272-00195407 one should
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00823-00195408-00195599 know what is the wall
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00824-00195600-00195823 weight should be provided how you can
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00825-00195824-00196007 get the wall weight
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00826-00196008-00196263 based on the stability sliding
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00827-00196264-00196495 stability ratio what we use the factor
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00828-00196496-00196783 of safety of 1.5 the same 1.5 you can
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00829-00196784-00196999 use and provide the
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00830-00197000-00197214 section of the wall some width you can
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00831-00197215-00197431 provide height of the wall will be
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00832-00197432-00197654 already given to you because it
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00833-00197655-00197790 generally the height of the retaining
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00834-00197791-00198014 wall based on your usage of the
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00835-00198015-00198295 retaining wall right so e width etcetera
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00836-00198296-00198519 you can play with and provide a section
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00837-00198520-00198654 of the wall
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00838-00198655-00198911 which will give you a value of w w under
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00839-00198912-00199038 static condition
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00840-00199039-00199311 once you know that w w using that f w
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00841-00199312-00199519 factor you can get what should be the
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00842-00199520-00199687 weight under
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00843-00199688-00199902 seismic condition so that much weight
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00844-00199903-00200071 you should provide to the gravity
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00845-00200072-00200311 retaining wall to withstand an
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00846-00200312-00200447 earthquake
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00847-00200448-00200726 of magnitude of 0.2 g that is what it
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00848-00200727-00200823 means
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00849-00200824-00201102 clear so these are the design steps what
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00850-00201103-00201343 one should follow
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00851-00201344-00201607 let us look at some typical
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00852-00201608-00201911 results of how the effect of
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00853-00201912-00202143 soil friction angle on this fw will
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00854-00202144-00202447 occur and how the wall friction angle
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00855-00202448-00202750 effect on this fw also will occur
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00856-00202751-00202999 these are some comparison of the
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00857-00203000-00203319 proposed dynamic fw factor with respect
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00858-00203320-00203631 to that given by richard and ems in 1979
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00859-00203632-00203847 because richard and lance also proposed
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00860-00203848-00203983 a similar
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00861-00203984-00204150 factor
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00862-00204151-00204423 only thing their combined dynamic factor
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00863-00204424-00204735 was based on pseudostatic analysis and
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00864-00204736-00204975 in our study in this present study of
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00865-00204976-00205231 nimbalkar and chaudhary 2008 this f w
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00866-00205232-00205479 factor is obtained using pseudo dynamic
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00867-00205480-00205679 approach so these are the comparison of
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00868-00205680-00206062 the results as you can see over here
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00869-00206063-00206327 the similar exercise was carried out for
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00870-00206328-00206534 the seismic design of retaining wall
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00871-00206535-00206782 under the passive state of earth
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00872-00206783-00206990 pressure so for passive state of earth
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00873-00206991-00207231 pressure this is the publication
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00874-00207232-00207471 nimbalkar and chaudhary 2007 in the
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00875-00207471-00207655 journal soil dynamics and earthquake
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00876-00207656-00207846 engineering this is the volume and issue
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00877-00207848-00208103 and these are the page numbers
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00878-00208104-00208334 here also the
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00879-00208335-00208590 soil thrust factor wall inertia factor
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00880-00208591-00208798 and combined dynamic factor are proposed
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00881-00208800-00208966 in the similar fashion
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00882-00208967-00209190 but in this case as you know the
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00883-00209191-00209455 seismicity increasing means you require
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00884-00209456-00209742 a lower factor because
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00885-00209744-00209942 the passive case is always on the
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00886-00209944-00210158 receiving end it is a resistance
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00887-00210159-00210431 provided by the soil so you are getting
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00888-00210432-00210615 a lighter weight of the wall should be
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00889-00210616-00210846 required for the withstanding the
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00890-00210848-00210991 seismic passive earth pressure that is
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00891-00210992-00211303 why many a times for the wall design we
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00892-00211304-00211558 exclude the passive state unless it is
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00893-00211559-00211846 clearly known mostly we design the wall
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00894-00211848-00212055 for the active state of earth pressure
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00895-00212056-00212239 passive state we use mostly for the
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00896-00212240-00212503 bearing capacity anchor up lift capacity
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00897-00212504-00212703 all those things as i have already
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00898-00212704-00212871 discussed in the
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00899-00212871-00213103 previous lecture
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00900-00213104-00213303 then
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00901-00213304-00213598 also we had proposed the displacement
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00902-00213600-00213815 based analysis what has been mentioned
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00903-00213816-00214134 just now in terms of the sliding mode in
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00904-00214135-00214358 terms of rotational displacement also we
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00905-00214359-00214591 should check the pseudo dynamic method
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00906-00214592-00214823 application in case of passive earth
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00907-00214823-00214951 pressure condition chaudhry and
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00908-00214952-00215231 nimbalkar 2007 it is another journal
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00909-00215232-00215382 paper in the soil dynamics and
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00910-00215383-00215679 earthquake engineering of
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00911-00215680-00215934 this issue of
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00912-00215935-00216303 june issue of volume 27 where
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00913-00216304-00216479 not the sliding of the wall is
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00914-00216480-00216703 considered earlier we consider the
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00915-00216704-00216903 sliding mode of wall movement now we are
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00916-00216904-00217087 considering the rotational movement that
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00917-00217088-00217375 is the moment due to the seismicity of
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00918-00217376-00217527 the wall and
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00919-00217528-00217798 soil how it creates the rotational
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00920-00217800-00218006 movement and how much rotational
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00921-00218007-00218334 displacement one can allow for and wall
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00922-00218335-00218582 to design that permissible rotational
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00923-00218583-00218934 based on that one can easily design this
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00924-00218935-00219167 wall based on this design charts of
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00925-00219167-00219439 rotational displacement versus this
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00926-00219440-00219767 seismicity coefficient
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00927-00219767-00220087 other researchers also nowadays started
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00928-00220088-00220415 using extensively this proposed pseudo
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00929-00220416-00220671 dynamic model
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00930-00220671-00221063 like gauche in 2008 proposed and
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00931-00221064-00221223 extended this
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00932-00221223-00221510 seismic active earth pressure analysis
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00933-00221511-00221791 from a vertical wall what we have done a
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00934-00221792-00222063 vertical wall to a non vertical wall so
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00935-00222064-00222303 gauche proposed the analysis of seismic
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00936-00222304-00222463 active earth pressure determination for
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00937-00222464-00222727 a non vertical wall using the same
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00938-00222728-00222942 pseudo dynamic approach what we had
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00939-00222944-00223182 proposed so this is the paper gauche
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00940-00223183-00223431 2008 which is available in canadian
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00941-00223432-00223727 geotechnical journal of issue 45 these
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00942-00223728-00223982 are the page numbers you can see this is
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00943-00223983-00224127 the way we had
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00944-00224128-00224303 considered the soil amplification as i
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00945-00224304-00224510 have already mentioned linear variation
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00946-00224511-00224798 and these are the values of k e design
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00947-00224800-00225071 charts based on different wall
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00948-00225071-00225334 inclination you can see we had proposed
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00949-00225335-00225615 for wall inclination of 0 this theta is
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00950-00225616-00225791 with respect to vertical as you can see
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00951-00225792-00226023 from this picture so as wall inclination
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00952-00226023-00226382 changes the value of k e also changes as
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00953-00226383-00226751 proposed by gauche in two thousand eight
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00954-00226752-00226934 other researchers like
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00955-00226935-00227294 basha and babu in 2010 they also used
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00956-00227296-00227534 this same pseudo dynamic method proposed
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00957-00227535-00227823 by us for computation of rotational
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00958-00227823-00228055 displacement for gravity retaining wall
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00959-00228056-00228279 under passive state of earth pressure
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00960-00228280-00228567 they use the numer sliding block method
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00961-00228567-00228815 to obtain the rotational displacement i
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00962-00228816-00228998 will describe the numer sliding block
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00963-00229000-00229182 method later on when we will talk about
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00964-00229183-00229406 the slope stability aspect so these are
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00965-00229407-00229598 the details one can easily go through
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00966-00229600-00229846 this paper bashan babu 2010
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00967-00229848-00230039 international journal of geomechanics of
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00968-00230040-00230246 asc volume 10
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00969-00230248-00230527 these are the page numbers
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00970-00230528-00230751 other recent researchers like ghosh and
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00971-00230752-00231094 sharma in 2010 they also use the pseudo
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00972-00231096-00231319 dynamic model for seismic active earth
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00973-00231319-00231503 pressure for a non vertical retaining
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00974-00231504-00231727 wall what was the addition they made
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00975-00231728-00232023 they use the c5 backfill that is first
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00976-00232023-00232246 initially we had proposed it for only
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00977-00232248-00232534 equationless backfill then gauche 2008
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00978-00232535-00232679 used it for
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00979-00232680-00232934 non vertical wall and ghosh and sharma
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00980-00232935-00233246 extended it further for c phi soil and
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00981-00233248-00233463 the paper is available in this
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00982-00233464-00233727 geotechnical and geological engineering
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00983-00233728-00233919 springer publication this volume this
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00984-00233919-00234239 issue this page number and
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00985-00234240-00234558 balazi at all in 2010 they
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00986-00234559-00234775 extended this pseudo dynamic approach
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00987-00234776-00235031 further to consider the fully submerged
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00988-00235032-00235351 condition of the water to
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00989-00235352-00235575 take care of the effect of amplification
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00990-00235576-00235871 also which is available in this
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00991-00235871-00236055 journal paper of proceedings of ic
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00992-00236056-00236206 geotechnical engineering this is the
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00993-00236207-00236351 volume number
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00994-00236352-00236639 i will discuss about the effect of water
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00995-00236640-00236894 table and effect of water on the pseudo
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00996-00236896-00237127 dynamic model or the earth pressure
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00997-00237128-00237342 estimation on the wall very soon
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00998-00237344-00237575 subsequently in some of the slides when
+e3bbtUMaOjA-00999-00237576-00237742 we will talk about the
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01000-00237744-00237991 design of retaining wall in the
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01001-00237992-00238471 waterfront or close to c
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01002-00238471-00238782 now let us understand what various
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01003-00238783-00239079 countries design code proposes how the
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01004-00239080-00239271 retaining wall should be designed under
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01005-00239271-00239423 the earthquake condition
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01006-00239423-00239663 so first let us start with our
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01007-00239664-00239903 indian design code as i have mentioned
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01008-00239904-00240142 indian design code
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01009-00240144-00240463 the latest version of 2002 is available
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01010-00240464-00240727 only for part one which describes about
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01011-00240728-00240991 the seismic zonation and the basic soil
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01012-00240992-00241134 properties spectral acceleration
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01013-00241135-00241375 etcetera but the other
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01014-00241376-00241527 parts are
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01015-00241528-00241710 the latest version is still of the
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01016-00241711-00242167 latest a 1984 version is 1893 part 5
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01017-00242167-00242351 which talks about the design of this
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01018-00242352-00242582 retaining wall under active and passive
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01019-00242583-00242815 state it states that use the mononobe
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01020-00242816-00243071 and okabe method so point of application
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01021-00243071-00243334 is considered to be at mid height of the
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01022-00243335-00243591 dynamic component that means if the
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01023-00243592-00243823 static component acts at one third from
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01024-00243823-00244055 the base they mention the extra
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01025-00244056-00244255 component of the earth pressure which is
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01026-00244256-00244446 due to the dynamic
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01027-00244448-00244646 case or the seismicity case that extra
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01028-00244648-00244919 component considered at the mid height
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01029-00244919-00245158 instead of considering what we have
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01030-00245159-00245287 found
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01031-00245288-00245527 above one third based on the combined
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01032-00245528-00245830 analysis right so the is code suggest
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01033-00245831-00245975 consider the
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01034-00245976-00246198 it is acting at mid height only for the
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01035-00246200-00246382 dynamic component and for the static
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01036-00246383-00246630 component at the one third then you can
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01037-00246631-00246798 use
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01038-00246800-00247094 the two values to find out the wire the
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01039-00247096-00247287 net
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01040-00247288-00247527 earth pressure is acting right
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01041-00247528-00247767 so pseudostatic method is used and it
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01042-00247767-00247998 excludes the deformation criteria there
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01043-00248000-00248191 is no displacement based criteria which
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01044-00248192-00248582 is mentioned in this codal provision
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01045-00248583-00248782 and what are the steps this is the
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01046-00248783-00249015 formula needs to be used p a equals to
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01047-00249016-00249303 half w h square c a where c a is given
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01048-00249304-00249446 by this expression
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01049-00249448-00249623 this is nothing but seismic active earth
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01050-00249623-00249791 pressure coefficient as proposed by
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01051-00249792-00250030 mononavio cave so this is basically
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01052-00250031-00250230 proposed the mononobiocarbon needs to be
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01053-00250231-00250534 used and it says that alpha v is the
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01054-00250535-00250815 vertical acceleration coefficient which
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01055-00250816-00250991 should be taken as
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01056-00250992-00251351 half of that alpha h that is horizontal
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01057-00251352-00251719 seismic acceleration coefficient
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01058-00251719-00251806 so
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01059-00251807-00252087 this is with respect to the passive case
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01060-00252088-00252263 passive case similar expression has been
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01061-00252264-00252534 given by the code and the expression for
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01062-00252535-00252703 that passive earth pressure coefficient
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01063-00252704-00252855 is nothing but the mononovoca based
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01064-00252856-00253182 passive earth pressure coefficient
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01065-00253183-00253430 now coming to european code european
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01066-00253431-00253815 design code euro code 8 of 2003 version
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01067-00253816-00254023 it suggests the design of retaining
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01068-00254023-00254319 structure it is based on the richard and
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01069-00254319-00254598 elms displacement based criteria though
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01070-00254600-00254942 it is pseudostatic but it considers the
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01071-00254944-00255151 displacement based criteria also and
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01072-00255152-00255382 there is a guideline to consider this
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01073-00255383-00255663 cage and kv values in absence of a
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01074-00255664-00255951 particular study at the soil site so
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01075-00255952-00256327 this is the details about the euro code
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01076-00256328-00256534 you can see over here it says again the
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01077-00256535-00256775 pseudostatic method as i said a set of
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01078-00256776-00256975 horizontal and vertical forces should be
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01079-00256976-00257215 considered vertical seismic acceleration
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01080-00257216-00257463 should be considered as acting upward or
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01081-00257464-00257719 downward whichever gives the most
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01082-00257719-00257967 unfavorable effect that is most critical
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01083-00257967-00258230 condition as we have also discussed and
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01084-00258231-00258479 the intensity of such equivalent force
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01085-00258480-00258719 for a given seismic zone on the amount
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01086-00258719-00258991 of permeable end displacement should be
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01087-00258992-00259415 acceptable so based on that it suggests
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01088-00259416-00259694 these are the steps how to calculate in
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01089-00259696-00259942 absence of specific values when you do
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01090-00259944-00260175 not have the site specific ground
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01091-00260176-00260446 response analysis done in that case
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01092-00260448-00260671 or the seismic hazard analysis if you
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01093-00260671-00260958 have not done for your site in absence
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01094-00260959-00261246 of those cases you can estimate the
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01095-00261248-00261527 value of k h and k v for your design
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01096-00261528-00261703 using this pseudostatic approach as per
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01097-00261704-00261975 euro code eight in this manner that is k
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01098-00261976-00262239 h is alpha times s by r these are some
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01099-00262240-00262471 coefficients which can be obtained from
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01100-00262472-00262823 the tables given in this euro code 8 k v
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01101-00262824-00262982 should be considered as
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01102-00262983-00263279 half of this k h plus or minus because
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01103-00263280-00263567 of depending on which direction gives
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01104-00263568-00263879 the most critical value and this half
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01105-00263880-00264134 should be considered when this a v by a
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01106-00264135-00264519 g is larger than point six and otherwise
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01107-00264520-00264734 it should be considered one third of kh
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01108-00264735-00265151 as i was telling earlier
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01109-00265152-00265255 whereas
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01110-00265256-00265463 international building code which we
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01111-00265464-00266023 call as ibc ibc 2006 is considering the
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01112-00266024-00266247 various sites as i have already
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01113-00266248-00266495 described there are six different types
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01114-00266496-00266799 of site as proposed by ibc in similar
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01115-00266800-00267199 line of niharp guideline like a b c d e
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01116-00267200-00267423 style site based on their share wave
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01117-00267424-00267751 velocity and s p t value undrained shear
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01118-00267752-00267951 strength value all these are input
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01119-00267952-00268167 values based on that
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01120-00268168-00268406 the overturning sliding excessive
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01121-00268407-00268582 foundation pressure and water are
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01122-00268583-00268855 flipped all these cases needs to be
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01123-00268856-00268958 checked
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01124-00268959-00269271 and for that what is proposed the euro
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01125-00269272-00269515 code mentioned so if we do the
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01126-00269516-00269751 requalification of geotechnical earth
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01127-00269752-00270015 retaining structures under this
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01128-00270016-00270287 seismic condition like euro code
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01129-00270288-00270519 suggests that retaining structure should
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01130-00270520-00270758 be designed to fulfill their function
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01131-00270759-00271006 during and after an earthquake without
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01132-00271007-00271255 suffering from significant structural
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01133-00271256-00271503 damage that is the basic guideline and
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01134-00271504-00271710 this permanent displacement which you
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01135-00271711-00271991 can easily compute using richard and ms
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01136-00271992-00272143 method or
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01137-00272144-00272343 that is if you use serostatic method or
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01138-00272344-00272575 our proposed method of chaudhary and
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01139-00272576-00272855 nimbalkar for sliding and rotational
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01140-00272856-00273110 stability using pseudo dynamic approach
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01141-00273111-00273351 in the form of combined sliding and
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01142-00273352-00273630 tilting and the later due to irr
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01143-00273631-00273791 reversible deformations of the
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01144-00273792-00274039 foundation soil may be acceptable if it
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01145-00274040-00274255 is shown that they are compatible with
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01146-00274256-00274439 the functional and or aesthetic
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01147-00274440-00274703 requirements that is you have to also
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01148-00274704-00274934 check not only the permissible
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01149-00274935-00275127 displacement or permanent displacement
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01150-00275128-00275295 should be within the permissible value
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01151-00275296-00275503 but it should be within the aesthetic
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01152-00275504-00275743 requirement that is if you do not allow
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01153-00275744-00275934 your wall
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01154-00275935-00276230 which is inclined like this it can be
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01155-00276231-00276558 if you look at here
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01156-00276559-00276823 if your wall is inclined like this
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01157-00276824-00277110 it can be also a safe if it is retaining
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01158-00277111-00277230 wall
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01159-00277231-00277455 backfill in this direction in this
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01160-00277456-00277647 direction also it can be designed as a
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01161-00277648-00277879 safe section everything can be designed
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01162-00277880-00278079 but aesthetically
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01163-00278080-00278327 you you will never like a wall which is
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01164-00278328-00278599 inclined like this and tilting
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01165-00278600-00278806 on the backfill side in this manner
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01166-00278807-00279030 right so that is why it says not only
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01167-00279031-00279382 the permissible displacement as per this
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01168-00279383-00279558 displacement criteria but also the
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01169-00279559-00279758 aesthetic requirements also needs to be
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01170-00279759-00280015 checked
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01171-00280016-00280279 then what are the other guidelines like
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01172-00280280-00280519 the choice of structural type based on
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01173-00280520-00280727 the normal serviceability conditions has
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01174-00280728-00280927 to be followed that is under the static
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01175-00280928-00281134 condition everything should be satisfied
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01176-00281135-00281319 then you have to check this dynamic
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01177-00281320-00281575 conditions that additional seismic
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01178-00281576-00281839 requirements needs to be checked and
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01179-00281840-00282095 carefully graded the back full backfill
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01180-00282096-00282279 material should be carefully graded and
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01181-00282280-00282623 compacted at in situ so that it achieve
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01182-00282624-00282863 as much continuity as possible with the
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01183-00282864-00283158 existing soil mass whatever value it has
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01184-00283159-00283487 been used for the design
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01185-00283488-00283695 like drainage system behind the
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01186-00283696-00283806 structure
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01187-00283807-00284127 should always be present because if you
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01188-00284128-00284334 provide the drainage there will be no
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01189-00284335-00284567 extra water pressure coming on the wall
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01190-00284568-00284775 as we all know in the static case of
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01191-00284776-00285110 wall design the same thing also
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01192-00285111-00285382 acts here for the dynamic case as well
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01193-00285383-00285471 but
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01194-00285472-00285663 there are few cases where you cannot
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01195-00285664-00285910 avoid the drainage like if it is a
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01196-00285911-00286134 waterfront wall or sea wall that is why
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01197-00286135-00286439 i will discuss that separately
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01198-00286440-00286630 now particularly in case of cohesionless
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01199-00286631-00286830 soil containing water the drainage shall
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01200-00286831-00287063 be effective to the well below the
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01201-00287064-00287279 potential failure surface behind the
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01202-00287280-00287551 structure so you have to drain out it
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01203-00287552-00287751 below its potential failure surface so
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01204-00287752-00288071 that it does not fail within that region
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01205-00288072-00288303 and it shall be enter ensured that the
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01206-00288304-00288623 supported soil has an enhanced safety
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01207-00288624-00288863 margin against the liquefaction that
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01208-00288864-00289063 means the backfill soil which you are
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01209-00289064-00289343 using that must not liquefy because if
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01210-00289344-00289551 it is liquefying then automatically you
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01211-00289552-00289734 are getting nothing but water standing
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01212-00289735-00290063 behind your wall not the earth which is
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01213-00290064-00290471 supposed to be standing there
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01214-00290472-00290710 also other guidelines
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01215-00290711-00291047 which was proposed by our paper
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01216-00291048-00291279 chaudhary atoll 2004 of current science
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01217-00291280-00291558 as i have already given this detail
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01218-00291559-00291895 it says that method which gives maximum
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01219-00291896-00292151 active earth pressure and minimum or
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01220-00292152-00292351 passive earth pressure that should be
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01221-00292352-00292558 considered for any design which is
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01222-00292559-00292799 obvious for a safe design for retaining
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01223-00292800-00293063 wall and the point of application of the
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01224-00293064-00293199 seismic earth pressure must be
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01225-00293200-00293415 considered based on some logical
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01226-00293416-00293639 analysis logical analysis means what we
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01227-00293640-00293854 have shown the steps of analysis using
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01228-00293855-00294119 horizontal slice method etcetera rather
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01229-00294120-00294367 than some arbitrary selection of values
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01230-00294368-00294639 because by that manner what we can do
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01231-00294640-00294854 sometimes we when we can
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01232-00294855-00295103 provide the economy in the design so
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01233-00295104-00295367 this ensures the safety and this ensures
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01234-00295368-00295558 the economy of your design why
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01235-00295559-00295719 unnecessarily you should put a more
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01236-00295720-00295919 reinforcement in your
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01237-00295920-00296223 rcc rigid wall when you know actual
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01238-00296224-00296406 point of application of your seismic
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01239-00296407-00296663 earth pressure
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01240-00296664-00296879 also the displacement based analysis
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01241-00296880-00297215 mentions that given factor of safety in
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01242-00297216-00297454 sl static case has to be maintained in
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01243-00297455-00297647 dynamic case as well like for sliding
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01244-00297648-00297999 1.5 overturning 1.5 bearing capacity 2.5
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01245-00298000-00298215 and eccentricity should be 1 6 of the
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01246-00298216-00298399 base size that means there should be no
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01247-00298400-00298527 tension right
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01248-00298528-00298703 so that has to be maintained and
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01249-00298704-00298958 cumulative displacement and rotations of
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01250-00298959-00299071 the wall
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01251-00299072-00299303 then must be compared with the different
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01252-00299304-00299471 loading conditions based on the
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01253-00299472-00299671 magnitude of the earthquake and that
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01254-00299672-00299903 should be within the permissible range
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01255-00299904-00300230 what is given or what is
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01256-00300231-00300551 designed or what is proposed in the
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01257-00300552-00300830 given document or at a particular site
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01258-00300831-00301095 for particular design
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01259-00301096-00301358 and in the displacement based analysis
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01260-00301359-00301647 computed displacement should be compared
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01261-00301648-00301830 with the permissible permissible
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01262-00301831-00302087 displacement if the computed
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01263-00302088-00302239 displacements are more than the
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01264-00302240-00302454 permissible displacement then what need
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01265-00302455-00302734 to be done section should be redesigned
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01266-00302735-00302958 there is another section as i have
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01267-00302959-00303247 already proposed like those combined
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01268-00303248-00303543 dynamic design factor fw should be
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01269-00303544-00303767 rechecked and
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01270-00303768-00303958 you have to do a iterative design
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01271-00303959-00304167 process until you get
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01272-00304168-00304406 the safety in terms of the factor of
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01273-00304407-00304599 safety in terms of sliding mode of
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01274-00304600-00304751 failure overturning mode of failure
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01275-00304752-00304927 bearing capacity failure and
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01276-00304928-00305230 eccentricity as well as the displacement
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01277-00305231-00305430 criteria that is displacement also will
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01278-00305431-00305679 be in the safer range
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01279-00305680-00305806 fine
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01280-00305807-00305982 so with this
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01281-00305983-00306239 we can summarize that calculation of the
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01282-00306240-00306582 seismic earth pressure is very important
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01283-00306583-00306782 for design of retaining structures in
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01284-00306783-00306967 the earthquake prone areas and
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01285-00306968-00307167 pseudostatic method was the first
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01286-00307168-00307375 attempt for analyzing the structure in
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01287-00307376-00307663 seismic areas though it has a serious
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01288-00307664-00307903 limitation because it does not consider
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01289-00307904-00308119 any dynamic nature of the problem of
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01290-00308120-00308319 earthquake engineering whereas pseudo
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01291-00308320-00308503 dynamic method considers the time
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01292-00308504-00308719 dependency of the nature of the
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01293-00308720-00308975 earthquake force also soil amplification
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01294-00308976-00309263 hence it has more accuracy compared to
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01295-00309264-00309482 the pseudo static
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01296-00309483-00309767 method and in earthquake resistant
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01297-00309768-00309951 design of this retaining wall
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01298-00309952-00310206 displacement based analysis should be
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01299-00310207-00310487 used because it provides a better design
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01300-00310488-00310695 guideline rather than force based
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01301-00310696-00310895 analysis because in force based you only
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01302-00310896-00311079 consider the total force
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01303-00311080-00311287 for the design but not the point of
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01304-00311288-00311510 application as well as its
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01305-00311511-00311734 displacement of the wall which is more
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01306-00311735-00312015 critical so displacement based approach
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01307-00312016-00312239 which is related to the performance of
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01308-00312240-00312415 the wall or performance based design of
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01309-00312416-00312654 the wall should be considered other
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01310-00312655-00312951 methods which use the tool like finite
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01311-00312952-00313119 element method method of horizontal
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01312-00313120-00313351 slices etcetera also can be considered
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01313-00313352-00313575 for the analysis of retaining wall in
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01314-00313576-00313815 seismic areas and for seismic
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01315-00313816-00314127 requalification technique that is once
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01316-00314128-00314303 a retaining wall suppose it has
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01317-00314304-00314519 experience or failed during an
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01318-00314520-00314758 earthquake if you want to redesign it or
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01319-00314759-00315039 requalify that retaining wall further
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01320-00315040-00315343 you need to use the proposed guideline
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01321-00315344-00315663 as far as the latest code worldwide
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01322-00315664-00315943 available so among those it has been
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01323-00315944-00316143 proposed over here like as we have
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01324-00316144-00316382 discussed here euro code 8 gives a
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01325-00316383-00316615 fairly good estimate because it also
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01326-00316616-00316854 considers another important point it
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01327-00316855-00317023 also considers the effect of soil
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01328-00317024-00317351 amplification which other codes do not
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01329-00317352-00317615 consider so euro code mentioned for
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01330-00317616-00317775 different types of soil as we have
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01331-00317776-00318006 already mentioned one point four one 1.6
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01332-00318007-00318230 1.2 amplification factors etcetera when
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01333-00318231-00318430 we have shown the euro code so that can
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01334-00318431-00318647 be considered for a safe design of earth
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01335-00318648-00318854 retaining wall depending on your site
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01336-00318855-00319006 condition depending on your soil
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01337-00319007-00319191 condition depending on your earthquake
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01338-00319192-00319454 input motion etcetera
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01339-00319455-00319727 so with this we have come to the end of
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01340-00319728-00319975 today's lecture we will continue further
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01341-00319976-00321287 in our next lecture
+e3bbtUMaOjA-01342-00321288-00321588 bye
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00000-00000056-00000223 you know a while back we played escaped
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00001-00000224-00000335 chasm and i was like
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00002-00000336-00000551 if escaped chasm is so good why isn't
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00003-00000552-00000839 there escaped chasm too
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00004-00000840-00001135 oh oh there is escaped chasm too well
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00005-00001136-00001343 let's play it
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00006-00001344-00001558 escape chasm too oh it was it was this
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00007-00001559-00002191 easy this whole time
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00008-00002192-00002534 oh no but seriously
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00009-00002535-00002742 um we played escaped chasm a game by
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00010-00002743-00003039 timmy chang who is the was the
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00011-00003040-00003335 uh music artist for undertale and has
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00012-00003336-00003511 started making games on her own and
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00013-00003511-00003695 we played escape chasm a while back and
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00014-00003696-00003822 it was great
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00015-00003823-00004119 and dweller's empty path is she said it
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00016-00004120-00004215 was part of the
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00017-00004216-00004502 same series but she couldn't call it um
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00018-00004503-00004638 she wouldn't call it uh
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00019-00004639-00004902 escape chasm 2 because of the joke game
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00020-00004903-00005111 in escaped chasm which we just saw there
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00021-00005112-00005231 i didn't actually know about that
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00022-00005232-00005438 originally um that's cute i'll have to
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00023-00005439-00005702 put that in my guide in fact
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00024-00005703-00005902 let me hide my oh i can't hide my mouse
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00025-00005903-00006006 cursor whatever
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00026-00006007-00006167 this is dweller's empty path let's just
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00027-00006168-00006391 get right started
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00028-00006392-00006598 it has a game boy aspect ratio
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00029-00006600-00006775 specifically all notes and the color
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00030-00006776-00007006 scheme obviously it's pretty game boy
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00031-00007008-00007367 dot dot dot my head this is a bit longer
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00032-00007368-00007534 than escaped chasm it'll be a few
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00033-00007536-00007614 episodes
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00034-00007615-00007895 one to two hours is what it said so um
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00035-00007895-00008127 i'll be splitting to 15 minute segments
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00036-00008128-00008446 just like the old youtube days
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00037-00008447-00008591 back when you had to make 15 minute
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00038-00008592-00008855 videos all these voices
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00039-00008856-00009055 all of these faces are flooding into my
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00040-00009056-00009174 head
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00041-00009175-00009503 who are they ah
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00042-00009504-00009695 feels like my head's gonna burst open
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00043-00009696-00009871 and obviously if you missed escaped
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00044-00009872-00009991 chasm
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00045-00009992-00010174 it's free slash name your own price just
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00046-00010175-00010383 like this game is on ichio there'll be a
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00047-00010384-00010519 link in the description check out
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00048-00010520-00010735 escape chasm first if you prefer to
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00049-00010736-00010967 listen to me play escape chasm
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00050-00010968-00011119 i have a full playthrough of that as
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00051-00011120-00011319 well i'm showing all the endings and
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00052-00011320-00011359 stuff
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00053-00011360-00011631 so i have this is a completely blind
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00054-00011632-00011751 playthrough i don't know how much it
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00055-00011752-00011967 will depend upon the original but
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00056-00011968-00012103 strongly recommend you check that out
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00057-00012104-00012231 first it's even shorter and it was
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00058-00012232-00012391 really good i really enjoyed escape
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00059-00012392-00012519 chasm
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00060-00012520-00012735 feels like my head's gonna burst open
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00061-00012736-00012855 someone
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00062-00012856-00013151 make it stop also i appreciate the pixel
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00063-00013152-00013199 look
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00064-00013200-00013343 but actually having much higher
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00065-00013344-00013599 resolution so the text is not
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00066-00013600-00014022 eye painty um i love pixel art but pixel
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00067-00014023-00014151 art fonts
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00068-00014152-00014463 it can be rough so i appreciate the look
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00069-00014463-00014527 of this
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00070-00014528-00014766 that is a game that is definitely we're
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00071-00014768-00014886 definitely going for the game boy
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00072-00014887-00015030 aesthetic here yes
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00073-00015031-00015422 which unfortunately the background
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00074-00015423-00015735 is a little bit but i can't really do
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00075-00015736-00015886 too much about that
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00076-00015887-00016038 even recording in 4-3 there's a little
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00077-00016040-00016215 bit of letterboxiness
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00078-00016216-00016839 so whatever
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00079-00016840-00017150 that's me i'm the bunny eared demon
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00080-00017151-00017207 thing
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00081-00017208-00017527 another nightmare
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00082-00017528-00017839 i've been getting a lot of these lately
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00083-00017840-00018014 i like this just it's just a bit of a
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00084-00018015-00018207 pixel so
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00085-00018208-00018430 it's difficult to do pixel art fonts
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00086-00018431-00018575 while looking good without having kind
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00087-00018576-00018622 of a
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00088-00018623-00018799 disconnect the shantae games tend to
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00089-00018800-00018967 have like you know especially what was
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00090-00018968-00019183 it pirate's curse the um
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00091-00019184-00019407 the one with hd ui and text but with
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00092-00019408-00019558 pixel art graphics it looked a little
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00093-00019559-00019614 weird
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00094-00019615-00019743 i think this is a good balance you can
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00095-00019744-00019991 see this blockiness in the text but it's
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00096-00019992-00020103 also
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00097-00020104-00020486 nice thick and readable
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00098-00020487-00020799 i prefer to be able to read text i don't
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00099-00020800-00020878 know what this is
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00100-00020879-00021199 it looks like a creepy old man
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00101-00021200-00021399 with a balding spot like watching me in
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00102-00021400-00021639 my sleep i think it's a lamp
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00103-00021640-00021814 i'm pretty sure that's a lamp and that's
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00104-00021815-00021983 a lampshade but it looks like an
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00105-00021984-00022199 old man wearing like a wife beater and
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00106-00022200-00022383 like just watching me in the corner i
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00107-00022384-00022567 don't like that one but
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00108-00022568-00022814 feeling he's behind one this one again
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00109-00022815-00022958 he
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00110-00022959-00023407 him
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00111-00023408-00023855 don't think i can fall asleep after that
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00112-00023856-00024135 well now he's lying around in bed i know
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00113-00024136-00024311 that feel
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00114-00024312-00024678 that is a scarf that's us
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00115-00024679-00024799 guess i'll go for a walk to clear my
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00116-00024800-00025519 mind for a bit
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00117-00025520-00025694 now that is that that is game boy
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00118-00025695-00025862 animation right there
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00119-00025863-00026087 and that's game boy music too i think
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00120-00026088-00026255 we're the demon money from the previous
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00121-00026256-00026318 thing
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00122-00026319-00026646 it is a lamp okay okay game theory
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00123-00026647-00026743 cancelled
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00124-00026744-00027070 it's a lamp oh
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00125-00027072-00027239 i forgot about these apples i left here
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00126-00027239-00027431 still seem good i'll eat one later
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00127-00027432-00027527 though
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00128-00027527-00027743 you fool it'll be bad by the time you
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00129-00027744-00027887 eat it i do that all the time
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00130-00027888-00028079 oh i'm gonna get some fresh fruit oh i
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00131-00028080-00028207 forgot to eat the fresh fruit oh it's
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00132-00028208-00028327 bad now
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00133-00028327-00028679 it's bright and sunny out my garbage can
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00134-00028680-00028783 i should empty that soon
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00135-00028783-00029014 starting to smell it's a crumpled up
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00136-00029016-00029158 note in here that says
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00137-00029160-00029527 hold shift to move faster what is shift
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00138-00029527-00029846 oh yes gotta go fast can i just can we
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00139-00029847-00029943 just
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00140-00029944-00030214 have that always be on though this was
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00141-00030216-00030262 the thing
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00142-00030263-00030527 the original always dash was an option
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00143-00030527-00030687 in the original game and it it doesn't
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00144-00030688-00030839 do anything in the original game
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00145-00030839-00031095 so we can walk now are you writing a
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00146-00031095-00031239 journal take my mind off things should i
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00147-00031239-00031327 record stuff
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00148-00031327-00031543 yes so you can save now which i don't
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00149-00031544-00031727 believe was a thing
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00150-00031727-00031870 i could be wrong but i don't think that
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00151-00031872-00032118 was a thing the original game was like
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00152-00032119-00032423 20 minutes to a half hour at most i
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00153-00032424-00032543 don't need to change my clothes what i'm
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00154-00032544-00032670 wearing right now seems fine
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00155-00032672-00032823 it's not even much variety anyway i
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00156-00032824-00033007 should make it so close
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00157-00033008-00033151 why did you make this game about me
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00158-00033152-00033359 temmie i'm just i'm just asking
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00159-00033360-00033404 questions
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00160-00033405-00033607 [Music]
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00161-00033608-00033839 sleep trouble sleeping and just decides
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00162-00033840-00034039 you know what i'm already awake
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00163-00034040-00034223 the apple thing the clothes come on
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00164-00034224-00034407 why'd you make a game about me
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00165-00034408-00034607 i'm flattered but this one's out it's
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00166-00034608-00034974 too bright to turn okay
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00167-00034975-00035295 it's bright and sunny out which
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00168-00035296-00035455 claire's spare broom i can't use it to
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00169-00035456-00035711 fly though i just cleaned with it
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00170-00035712-00035902 i was right my brother is her sister is
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00171-00035903-00036143 a witch
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00172-00036144-00036327 my old journal filled with the pages so
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00173-00036328-00036615 i have a new one now in my room i'm too
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00174-00036616-00036735 embarrassed to read my old journal
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00175-00036736-00036846 entries
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00176-00036847-00037135 spare broomstick spare wardrobe some
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00177-00037136-00037287 male clothes
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00178-00037288-00037599 outfits mixed in there
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00179-00037600-00037702 you still have a guess but i was
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00180-00037703-00037911 wondering why we like i don't know why
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00181-00037912-00038071 claire doesn't use this bed
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00182-00038072-00038207 this room was supposed to be for her but
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00183-00038208-00038462 she just sleeps on the couch downstairs
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00184-00038463-00038935 she's like a cat a photo of
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00185-00038936-00039223 bad memories perhaps interesting a photo
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00186-00039224-00039327 of
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00187-00039328-00039567 dot dot yeah i love the little
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00188-00039568-00039751 floorboards peeling up
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00189-00039752-00040414 graphics there need to hammer that down
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00190-00040415-00040551 [Music]
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00191-00040552-00040743 i like how the door sounds since i got
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00192-00040744-00041111 like breaking through a wall
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00193-00041112-00041351 living room couch okay claire's bed we
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00194-00041352-00041615 should just use the guest room upstairs
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00195-00041616-00041735 i'm pretty guilty of falling asleep on
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00196-00041736-00041999 it too though the stove
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00197-00042000-00042143 so many unpleasant memories involving
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00198-00042144-00042367 this thing oh no the fridge is pretty
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00199-00042368-00042502 empty i should do some shopping the
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00200-00042503-00042639 village soon
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00201-00042640-00042927 i should cook this fish soon there's a
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00202-00042928-00043087 fish on the cutting board
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00203-00043088-00043190 you should probably do something with
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00204-00043191-00043374 that always good to wash your hands
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00205-00043375-00043607 before you prepare food
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00206-00043608-00043935 drew that there's a witch in my basement
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00207-00043936-00044087 there's broom i should have so many
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00208-00044088-00044318 brooms around the house
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00209-00044319-00044411 wanted
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00210-00044412-00044711 [Music]
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00211-00044712-00044862 i like that picture of me so i decided
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00212-00044863-00045046 to keep that one
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00213-00045047-00045311 thanks claire look at that booty wiggle
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00214-00045312-00045415 though
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00215-00045416-00045623 lots of spell books and such some of
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00216-00045624-00045743 these are in languages i've never seen
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00217-00045744-00045815 before
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00218-00045816-00046118 claire's really smart
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00219-00046119-00046430 clint marzipan you're so smart
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00220-00046431-00046567 looks like a lot of the ingredients for
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00221-00046568-00046830 formulas and rituals
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00222-00046831-00047143 torn up notes and formulas it seems some
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00223-00047144-00047230 failed experiments
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00224-00047231-00047518 empty vials hey hey that's my journal
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00225-00047519-00047630 i'll go looking through the stuff
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00226-00047631-00047662 without
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00227-00047663-00047862 my permission i don't call you talking
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00228-00047863-00047974 through your stuff without your
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00229-00047975-00048079 permission
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00230-00048080-00048407 i'm pretty sure you do well maybe
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00231-00048408-00048607 but don't look through mine my stuff is
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00232-00048608-00048807 cursed you'll be haunted
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00233-00048808-00049079 by who by me of course you're right
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00234-00049080-00049253 wouldn't want that
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00235-00049254-00049471 [Music]
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00236-00049472-00049871 organic ingredients ew
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00237-00049872-00050174 yo good morning yucky oh we have a name
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00238-00050175-00050343 it's yoki
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00239-00050344-00050583 aren't you wait kind of early morning
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00240-00050584-00050646 clear
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00241-00050647-00050879 pretty early huh i've been sleeping that
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00242-00050880-00051015 well lately
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00243-00051016-00051319 yeah you look great these days maybe was
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00244-00051320-00051463 it another nightmare
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00245-00051464-00051782 yeah a lot of them recently came around
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00246-00051783-00051846 the last time
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00247-00051847-00052063 i got a good full night's rest it was
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00248-00052064-00052214 especially draining i feel beyond
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00249-00052215-00052447 exhausted
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00250-00052448-00052599 this game is really about me i don't
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00251-00052600-00052775 have a like which sister living in my
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00252-00052776-00052966 basement but aside from that
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00253-00052967-00053199 like i even got pretty crappy sleep like
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00254-00053200-00053326 last night well this week
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00255-00053327-00053638 honestly so i slept extra today to make
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00256-00053639-00053863 up for it sleep debt is a weird thing
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00257-00053864-00053999 because if you sleep extra long you
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00258-00054000-00054199 don't feel extra refreshed but if you do
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00259-00054200-00054359 miss a lot of sleep through the week
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00260-00054360-00054511 you do have a sleep debt and you will
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00261-00054512-00054663 just need
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00262-00054664-00054815 more sleep and you don't feel better
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00263-00054816-00054966 after it but long term it does
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00264-00054967-00055238 it does seem to help so it's weird look
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00265-00055239-00055494 read up on that sleep that it's real
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00266-00055495-00055950 you know i'm thinking yeah i can tell
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00267-00055951-00056335 it's probably his doing again you know
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00268-00056336-00056623 zara yeah someone signed next to the
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00269-00056624-00056719 house after all
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00270-00056720-00056966 oh he's still there so you saw him too
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00271-00056967-00057142 early huh
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00272-00057144-00057311 those nightmares feel more aggressive
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00273-00057312-00057663 lately what if he's mad at me
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00274-00057664-00057863 man what's with that guy why is he so
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00275-00057864-00058079 fixated on you
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00276-00058079-00058319 i think he's got a crush i don't think
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00277-00058320-00058447 it's that
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00278-00058448-00058638 whatever it is seriously be careful
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00279-00058639-00058863 around him if i could get rid of myself
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00280-00058864-00059038 i totally would
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00281-00059039-00059191 i've put up so many spellberries around
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00282-00059191-00059382 the house he just comes and breaks them
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00283-00059383-00059495 like it was nothing
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00284-00059496-00059791 [Music]
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00285-00059791-00059991 don't worry about me never came down to
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00286-00059991-00060166 it never tried anything
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00287-00060167-00060350 i could take care of myself i'm not
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00288-00060351-00060519 scared of him
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00289-00060520-00060838 oh you're so cool after all it's not
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00290-00060839-00060959 like he's never tricked you or roped you
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00291-00060960-00061091 into his schemes before
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00292-00061091-00061454 [Music]
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00293-00061455-00061630 so we got a history with this guy hey if
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00294-00061632-00061766 you're heading out again i think you
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00295-00061767-00061903 pick up my order for the doctor's place
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00296-00061904-00062079 in castletown
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00297-00062079-00062399 sure thing heading that way you gotta
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00298-00062400-00062575 love the game boy animation of just like
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00299-00062576-00062735 shuffle left and right
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00300-00062736-00062911 uh very often this was done by the way
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00301-00062912-00063030 you can actually notice it with my rear
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00302-00063032-00063119 sprite
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00303-00063120-00063535 um and goombas did this in the nes mario
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00304-00063536-00063854 it's not actually a separate animation
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00305-00063855-00064054 it's just rota it's just flipping the
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00306-00064055-00064230 sprite left and right you can see it
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00307-00064232-00064559 on actually back you know back and forth
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00308-00064560-00064703 on my sprite so it's just one
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00309-00064704-00065014 graphic back and forth so that's why um
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00310-00065015-00065206 [Music]
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00311-00065207-00065342 rom hacks that kind of changed the
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00312-00065344-00065582 goombas on nes mario they tend to look
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00313-00065583-00065663 weird so
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00314-00065664-00065894 if you're not clear then who are you oh
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00315-00065895-00066023 oh that's zara okay
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00316-00066024-00066199 zara zara is the guy that we saw last
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00317-00066200-00066406 time i i remember seeing bunny but i
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00318-00066407-00066647 thought we saw a demon dude
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00319-00066648-00066879 that's yeah that's him you don't look so
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00320-00066880-00067015 happy to see me
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00321-00067016-00067350 never happy to see you oh
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00322-00067351-00067782 so mean so what is it why are you here
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00323-00067783-00067926 i'm just dropping by to visit my
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00324-00067927-00068103 favorite forest resident
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00325-00068104-00068726 and what else that's all
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00326-00068727-00069006 i don't buy that for a second you play
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00327-00069007-00069159 that nightmare i had in my head last
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00328-00069160-00069303 night right
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00329-00069304-00069631 that's screwed up ugh
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00330-00069632-00069767 i have enough stalkers that i'm really
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00331-00069768-00069991 glad that's not a real thing you can do
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00332-00069992-00070279 i know people would be like that don't
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00333-00070280-00070647 give me the silent treatment
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00334-00070648-00070791 you want to be useful your plans and
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00335-00070792-00070950 such right also my
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00336-00070951-00071143 my stalkers are fortunately online
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00337-00071144-00071303 stalkers which
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00338-00071304-00071535 still sucks but the the physical
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00339-00071536-00071847 distance really does help
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00340-00071848-00072071 i should be used to you this is really
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00341-00072072-00072150 good the um
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00342-00072151-00072279 [Music]
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00343-00072280-00072526 the game boy sound chip is not famous
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00344-00072527-00072687 for good music this kind of has a
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00345-00072688-00072879 this definitely has a game boy vibe with
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00346-00072880-00073087 um actually sounding good i mean you
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00347-00073088-00073262 could make good music on game boy
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00348-00073263-00073526 the pokemon games tend to be really good
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00349-00073527-00073662 um
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00350-00073663-00074031 the mario music was okay on on
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00351-00074032-00074359 game boy a lot of games just kind of
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00352-00074360-00074823 crusty i don't think this is actual game
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00353-00074824-00075103 boy i think this is kind of
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00354-00075104-00075271 you know it's trying to give the vibe of
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00355-00075272-00075447 that but i don't think this is actual
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00356-00075448-00076023 game boy limitations like there was like
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00357-00076024-00076150 i don't even know how to describe it but
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00358-00076151-00076319 gameboy was very limited that's all i'm
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00359-00076320-00076406 trying to say here
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00360-00076407-00076543 would i really be of any use to you when
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00361-00076544-00076703 i'm this fatigued what's the point of
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00362-00076704-00076862 doing this
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00363-00076863-00077071 it's my way of showing i care for you
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00364-00077072-00077347 maybe should care a little less
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00365-00077348-00077543 [Music]
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00366-00077544-00077999 nerd big old turnips look at those um
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00367-00078000-00078319 harvest moon looking ass turnips some
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00368-00078320-00078615 vegetables being clear been growing oh
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00369-00078616-00078750 no i want the mushroom give me the
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00370-00078751-00079199 shroom oh
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00371-00079200-00079543 the hell is that what is that
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00372-00079544-00079855 i don't like that oh it's you
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00373-00079856-00080071 i've known you since you were little
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00374-00080072-00080255 i've been watching you over the years
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00375-00080256-00080503 you've grown so much it looks so much
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00376-00080504-00080662 more tasty
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00377-00080663-00080894 i don't think i remember you i don't
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00378-00080895-00081055 recall you ever wanting to meet me
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00379-00081056-00081206 though
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00380-00081207-00081438 you're a peaceful beast type i am
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00381-00081439-00081543 peaceful
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00382-00081544-00081719 i don't even think that's a life i only
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00383-00081720-00081879 eat what's already dead
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00384-00081880-00082231 ah so you're a scavenger thanks
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00385-00082232-00082599 that's passive before
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00386-00082600-00082735 i've been waiting for you to die ever
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00387-00082736-00082903 since i laid my eyes on you
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00388-00082904-00083199 i can't wait for that day don't look so
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00389-00083200-00083303 enthusiastic
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00390-00083304-00083511 the man who visits you he also looks so
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00391-00083512-00083687 it's hasty
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00392-00083688-00083991 can we not have four angel creature
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00393-00083992-00084318 here talking about zara
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00394-00084319-00084543 all right let's run can i can i just
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00395-00084544-00084711 always run
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00396-00084712-00084931 why why not always run though
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00397-00084932-00085062 [Music]
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00398-00085063-00085191 it's kind of funny there was an always
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00399-00085192-00085391 dash option in the first game and it
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00400-00085392-00085559 didn't do anything now there is a dash
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00401-00085560-00085655 function
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00402-00085656-00085871 chirp chirp are you feeling lost
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00403-00085872-00086023 confused i'm here to help
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00404-00086024-00086343 would you like a hint no are well
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00405-00086344-00086687 i'm not really needing water right now
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00406-00086688-00086998 there's places to go here
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00407-00086999-00087191 [Music]
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00408-00087192-00087440 mr fox he is
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00409-00087441-00087926 [Music]
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00410-00087927-00088167 definitely getting some pokemon vibes
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00411-00088168-00088662 from that fox too lots of use of the um
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00412-00088663-00088838 shifting back and forth animations hello
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00413-00088839-00089023 mr squirrel
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00414-00089024-00089335 have a good day god bless
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00415-00089336-00089591 what's this like spookums oh there's a
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00416-00089592-00090087 oh dear
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00417-00090088-00090391 won't let me through this this butterfly
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00418-00090392-00090415 is
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00419-00090416-00090679 blocking my path okay they won't let me
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00420-00090680-00090823 through it's just like mother uh
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00421-00090824-00091191 three there are ants blocking your path
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00422-00091192-00091303 you feel it would be bad
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00423-00091304-00091559 to walk over them it's a real thing by
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00424-00091560-00091743 the way mother three is just ants and
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00425-00091744-00091918 you just gotta wait
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00426-00091919-00092238 you gotta do story stuff i hope this is
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00427-00092239-00092903 the right way to go
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00428-00092904-00094079 huh raccoons i guess
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00429-00094080-00094311 what a peaceful little forest i'm sure
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00430-00094312-00094543 it won't stay that way
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00431-00094544-00094679 [Music]
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00432-00094680-00094935 okay so there's actual like whoa spooky
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00433-00094936-00095062 witches tree
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00434-00095063-00095462 there's a letter attached to this tree
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00435-00095463-00095711 i can't read this at all what language
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00436-00095712-00095862 is this
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00437-00095863-00096174 i'll put it back i guess this letter
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00438-00096175-00096431 before it's deep in the forest
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00439-00096432-00096831 i love these super stiff super stiff
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00440-00096832-00097071 it's like a letter a level beyond steep
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00441-00097072-00097182 these steep cliffs
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00442-00097183-00097479 and like old nes games just like a sheer
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00443-00097480-00097759 drop
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00444-00097760-00097903 i don't like the animals that just stare
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00445-00097904-00098126 at me and go dot dot dot ger he looks
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00446-00098127-00098225 hungry
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00447-00098226-00098735 [Music]
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00448-00098736-00098887 there's a bit of a world to this one ooh
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00449-00098888-00099079 a spooky cave let's go and spooky cave
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00450-00099080-00099838 oh it's two spooky caves
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00451-00099839-00099982 yeah these are some of the noises that
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00452-00099983-00100287 gameboy can make
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00453-00100288-00100518 that crunchy one that crunchy one was
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00454-00100519-00100694 definitely a popular one in game boy
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00455-00100695-00100815 music
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00456-00100816-00101326 it's a moogle what's a moogle doing here
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00457-00101327-00101617 oh it's it's a it's a poogle it's a pig
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00458-00101618-00101767 [Music]
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00459-00101768-00102126 let me go and oh i when i said
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00460-00102127-00102335 poogle my phone brought up the google
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00461-00102336-00102498 assistant i don't need you
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00462-00102499-00102718 [Music]
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00463-00102719-00103190 okay poogle
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00464-00103191-00103471 glasses oh snack are those those wolf
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00465-00103472-00103606 girls glasses
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00466-00103607-00103823 why doesn't she wear them she always
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00467-00103824-00103999 runs to trees and walls
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00468-00104000-00104447 oh hello
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00469-00104448-00104710 please don't bore me looks like he's
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00470-00104711-00104895 eaten recently
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00471-00104896-00105071 all the beast types i've seen serpents
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00472-00105072-00105231 are most not silent friendly
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00473-00105232-00105375 it's the opposite of the beast types
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00474-00105376-00105639 live within this cave
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00475-00105640-00105847 you didn't eat wolf girl did you it's
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00476-00105848-00106127 like sticks in here
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00477-00106128-00106423 spooky well i don't know exactly where
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00478-00106424-00106543 we're supposed to go
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00479-00106544-00106766 but um there's obviously a lot more to
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00480-00106767-00106943 this game than escaped chasm
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00481-00106944-00107134 um i did like the conciseness of escape
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00482-00107135-00107271 chasm it was cool
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00483-00107272-00107607 but i will um we will explore more
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00484-00107608-00107790 later and i will find where we actually
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00485-00107791-00108102 need to go
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00486-00108103-00108351 oh hold up there's the wolf girl she's
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00487-00108352-00108543 taking a sleep on the floor here
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00488-00108544-00108758 not good she's asleep i don't feel like
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00489-00108759-00108878 dealing with her right now
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00490-00108879-00109071 well really i never do maybe she'll just
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00491-00109072-00109215 sleep forever there's no animated cut
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00492-00109216-00109334 scenes in this game by the way but it
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00493-00109335-00109399 said there was
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00494-00109400-00109727 like gosh there was a lot of
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00495-00109728-00110086 um individual graphics uh like a
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00496-00110088-00110334 100 yeah over 100 illustrations i made
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00497-00110335-00110558 for this so there's a lot of
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00498-00110559-00110695 it's a lot of art and a lot of work put
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00499-00110696-00110886 into this let's just sleep forever
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00500-00110888-00111271 it's easy why yokey
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00501-00111272-00111423 just don't fondle me in my sleep or
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00502-00111424-00111575 something or
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00503-00111576-00111751 in your sleep brother she dreams about
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00504-00111752-00111817 me
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00505-00111818-00111966 [Music]
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00506-00111967-00112327 i'll eat you yet why is everything
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00507-00112328-00112495 why does everybody want to eat me i'm
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00508-00112496-00112671 just here
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00509-00112672-00113039 just you late
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00510-00113040-00113319 i hate these things why why does
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00511-00113320-00113431 everything want to eat me
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00512-00113432-00113815 i just want to do things be alive
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00513-00113816-00114183 why whatever this is sami chang's new
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00514-00114183-00114267 game
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00515-00114268-00114431 [Music]
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00516-00114432-00114815 dweller dweller's empty path
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00517-00114816-00114966 oh you can click you can click to walk
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00518-00114967-00115143 to places um
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00519-00115144-00115302 but yes we will definitely continue this
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00520-00115303-00115454 we'll play the whole game i don't know
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00521-00115455-00115566 if there's multiple endings
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00522-00115567-00115839 like before if there is i'll try my best
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00523-00115840-00115958 to get all of them
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00524-00115959-00116199 but um next time we'll figure out where
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00525-00116200-00116319 we need to go because we're just kind of
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00526-00116320-00116502 lost at the moment
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00527-00116503-00116807 so remember to like and subscribe and to
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00528-00116808-00116919 make sure you get uh
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00529-00116920-00117078 future vid episodes click that stupid
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00530-00117079-00117278 little bell icon and leave me a comment
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00531-00117279-00118016 let me know what you think of the game
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00532-00118017-00119031 [Music]
+e5Cd91d3i1o-00533-00119032-00119240 you
+e5Ia3f9dqN8-00000-00000545-00000987 [Music]
+e5Ia3f9dqN8-00001-00000988-00001415 we go we go again trying hard but you
+e5Ia3f9dqN8-00002-00001416-00001832 wanna beat my friend even please do I
+e5Ia3f9dqN8-00003-00001832-00002224 didn't wanna run here we go we go again
+e5Ia3f9dqN8-00004-00002225-00002559 come up laughing you wanna be my friend
+e5Ia3f9dqN8-00005-00002560-00002772 [Music]
+e5Ia3f9dqN8-00006-00002773-00003899 I'm the one you know
+e5Ia3f9dqN8-00007-00003900-00004600 [Music]
+e5Ia3f9dqN8-00008-00004601-00005244 I can't I can't
+e5Ia3f9dqN8-00009-00005245-00005507 I can hear
+e5Ia3f9dqN8-00010-00005508-00005740 [Music]
+e5Ia3f9dqN8-00011-00005741-00006019 I can tell
+e5Ia3f9dqN8-00012-00006020-00006260 I
+e5Ia3f9dqN8-00013-00006261-00006486 I
+e5Ia3f9dqN8-00014-00006487-00006898 [Music]
+e5Ia3f9dqN8-00015-00006900-00007284 here we go here we go game time is up
+e5Ia3f9dqN8-00016-00007284-00007737 and I'm calling up my friends in wonder
+e5Ia3f9dqN8-00017-00007738-00007864 why ain't no
+e5Ia3f9dqN8-00018-00007865-00008188 right here we go we go again
+e5Ia3f9dqN8-00019-00008189-00008553 call me helping you wanna be my friend
+e5Ia3f9dqN8-00020-00008554-00009189 I'm one you I'm the one you write if you
+e5Ia3f9dqN8-00021-00009190-00009339 [Music]
+e5Ia3f9dqN8-00022-00009340-00009848 change a new place to I don't wanna run
+e5Ia3f9dqN8-00023-00009849-00010388 to you
+e5Ia3f9dqN8-00024-00010389-00010969 [Music]
+e5Ia3f9dqN8-00025-00010970-00011174 I can help
+e5Ia3f9dqN8-00026-00011175-00011414 are you
+e5Ia3f9dqN8-00027-00011415-00011646 [Music]
+e5Ia3f9dqN8-00028-00011647-00011923 I can tell
+e5Ia3f9dqN8-00029-00011924-00011928 ah
+e5Ia3f9dqN8-00030-00011929-00013794 [Music]
+e5Ia3f9dqN8-00031-00013796-00014584 look if you don't wanna change a new
+e5Ia3f9dqN8-00032-00014585-00015305 place to I don't wanna run to if you
+e5Ia3f9dqN8-00033-00015306-00015671 [Music]
+e5Ia3f9dqN8-00034-00015672-00016108 Jackie laughs I can help you
+e5Ia3f9dqN8-00035-00016109-00016338 I can
+e5Ia3f9dqN8-00036-00016340-00016584 [Music]
+e5Ia3f9dqN8-00037-00016585-00016850 I can tell
+e5Ia3f9dqN8-00038-00016851-00016852 ah
+e5Ia3f9dqN8-00039-00016853-00017091 [Music]
+e5Ia3f9dqN8-00040-00017092-00017317 ah
+e5Ia3f9dqN8-00041-00017318-00017905 [Music]
+e6Sgv8ik4ec-00000-00000003-00000316 joltin it's a smaller city of yellow
+e6Sgv8ik4ec-00001-00000317-00000641 sand strong winds and crashing waves I
+e6Sgv8ik4ec-00002-00000642-00000968 live there the majority of my life the
+e6Sgv8ik4ec-00003-00000969-00001300 majority of my life being years ago this
+e6Sgv8ik4ec-00004-00001301-00001507 place is a stark contrast in human where
+e6Sgv8ik4ec-00005-00001508-00001745 I live now iron rich red dirt covers
+e6Sgv8ik4ec-00006-00001746-00001930 even the air and cloudless sky of a
+e6Sgv8ik4ec-00007-00001932-00002101 small town hundreds of kilometers from
+e6Sgv8ik4ec-00008-00002102-00002372 ocean it's funny that in all my time
+e6Sgv8ik4ec-00009-00002373-00002546 spent in John I never learned to take a
+e6Sgv8ik4ec-00010-00002547-00002827 bus and not knowing had to hell to stop
+e6Sgv8ik4ec-00011-00002828-00003098 it my first attempt had me stand at the
+e6Sgv8ik4ec-00012-00003099-00003388 bus stop and watch it drive past me
+e6Sgv8ik4ec-00013-00003389-00003770 undeterred by my presence in jelton
+e6Sgv8ik4ec-00014-00003771-00004049 there is never no sound always howling
+e6Sgv8ik4ec-00015-00004050-00004304 wind near the shores of the beach strong
+e6Sgv8ik4ec-00016-00004305-00004502 enough to shake fences and accompany
+e6Sgv8ik4ec-00017-00004503-00004820 your ears as you sleep the wind from the
+e6Sgv8ik4ec-00018-00004821-00005069 beach curls your hair and leaves grains
+e6Sgv8ik4ec-00019-00005070-00005422 of sand that remained for weeks and I
+e6Sgv8ik4ec-00020-00005423-00005629 see myself in my head I imagine that
+e6Sgv8ik4ec-00021-00005630-00005906 curled puff of hair little yellow specks
+e6Sgv8ik4ec-00022-00005907-00006218 covering and seeming it's rough strands
+e6Sgv8ik4ec-00023-00006219-00006641 never coming off of course I don't like
+e6Sgv8ik4ec-00024-00006642-00006820 thick hair nets happily shave it off
+e6Sgv8ik4ec-00025-00006822-00006941 every year for the world's greatest
+e6Sgv8ik4ec-00026-00006942-00007325 shave but when I think of myself I see a
+e6Sgv8ik4ec-00027-00007326-00007528 kid in pre-primary smiling and looking
+e6Sgv8ik4ec-00028-00007529-00007684 at his reflection on a drinking fountain
+e6Sgv8ik4ec-00029-00007686-00007967 or years later looking in the mirror of
+e6Sgv8ik4ec-00030-00007968-00008216 his home smiling once again that sandy
+e6Sgv8ik4ec-00031-00008217-00008410 puffs upon his head that he had not seen
+e6Sgv8ik4ec-00032-00008411-00008684 in years and a bush the day after
+e6Sgv8ik4ec-00033-00008685-00009062 Halloween knows a kitten feral probably
+e6Sgv8ik4ec-00034-00009063-00009362 no more than two weeks old felix is my
+e6Sgv8ik4ec-00035-00009363-00009628 cat although I did not name him and his
+e6Sgv8ik4ec-00036-00009629-00009809 black first sheds itself constantly
+e6Sgv8ik4ec-00037-00009810-00010064 luring the land and air of my bedroom
+e6Sgv8ik4ec-00038-00010065-00010331 like the red dirt in and around my red
+e6Sgv8ik4ec-00039-00010332-00010646 town or the yellow sand that blows from
+e6Sgv8ik4ec-00040-00010647-00010963 the heavy winds of Geraldton I love that
+e6Sgv8ik4ec-00041-00010964-00011278 cat he does a little but sleep well
+e6Sgv8ik4ec-00042-00011279-00011459 there playing in short bursts full of
+e6Sgv8ik4ec-00043-00011460-00011731 energy I see myself in that cannon
+e6Sgv8ik4ec-00044-00011732-00011914 certain properties of myself and I see
+e6Sgv8ik4ec-00045-00011915-00012178 with that cat potential energy held like
+e6Sgv8ik4ec-00046-00012179-00012456 a stretched elastic spontaneous action
+e6Sgv8ik4ec-00047-00012457-00012785 contrasts typical moments the way
+e6Sgv8ik4ec-00048-00012786-00013091 property is given the way meaning is
+e6Sgv8ik4ec-00049-00013091-00013286 applied to some inquiry does not make
+e6Sgv8ik4ec-00050-00013287-00013371 sense
+e6Sgv8ik4ec-00051-00013372-00013743 curled hair thick and covered in sand is
+e6Sgv8ik4ec-00052-00013744-00014063 how I see myself and it through an old
+e6Sgv8ik4ec-00053-00014065-00014375 Warner fountain of an even older school
+e6Sgv8ik4ec-00054-00014376-00014643 Jonathan and Newman are the only places
+e6Sgv8ik4ec-00055-00014644-00015069 I've lived these two places so different
+e6Sgv8ik4ec-00056-00015069-00015351 in appearance and purpose show the title
+e6Sgv8ik4ec-00057-00015352-00015744 as my home for me it has always been the
+e6Sgv8ik4ec-00058-00015744-00016110 red dirt yellow sand and the Nickelback
+e6Sgv8ik4ec-00059-00016111-00016329 scene I take the transition between them
+e6Sgv8ik4ec-00060-00016330-00016554 both
+ets3r7zbB5Q-00001-00026052-00026233 Wow
+ets3r7zbB5Q-00003-00032736-00032864 [Applause]
+ets3r7zbB5Q-00004-00032865-00033465 [Music]
+ets3r7zbB5Q-00005-00033466-00033940 you
+ets3r7zbB5Q-00006-00033941-00034555 [Music]
+etWVrAgn1Py-00000-00000008-00000327 new york nice one bronze new york yank
+etWVrAgn1Py-00001-00000328-00003142 background
+etWVrAgn1Py-00002-00003143-00003406 wow wow now for how long have you been
+etWVrAgn1Py-00003-00003407-00003711 in the united states
+etWVrAgn1Py-00004-00003711-00004143 about 20 years to me wow
+etWVrAgn1Py-00005-00004144-00004519 okay now abraham
+etWVrAgn1Py-00006-00004520-00004711 into gospel music already and i will
+etWVrAgn1Py-00007-00004712-00004911 call you as ronald discover our talent
+etWVrAgn1Py-00008-00004912-00005167 you know and i'll press you here
+etWVrAgn1Py-00009-00005168-00005622 uh good question
+etWVrAgn1Py-00011-00009568-00010023 gospel music
+etWVrAgn1Py-00012-00010024-00011438 um
+etWVrAgn1Py-00013-00011439-00011999 yeah yeah 2010 just exactly 11 years ago
+etWVrAgn1Py-00014-00012000-00012414 how many albums an hour to your credit
+etWVrAgn1Py-00015-00012415-00012551 department
+etWVrAgn1Py-00017-00016887-00018541 you
+etWVrAgn1Py-00019-00021848-00022135 uh gospel music in ghana
+etWVrAgn1Py-00020-00022136-00022439 gospel music in usa you were any
+etWVrAgn1Py-00021-00022440-00022988 similarities you were any differences
+etWVrAgn1Py-00022-00022989-00023119 [Music]
+etWVrAgn1Py-00023-00023120-00023383 because
+etWVrAgn1Py-00024-00023384-00023494 yeah
+etWVrAgn1Py-00025-00023495-00023694 because of a human kingdom wouldn't make
+etWVrAgn1Py-00027-00029439-00030943 problem
+etWVrAgn1Py-00028-00030944-00033590 what
+etWVrAgn1Py-00029-00033591-00033854 me
+etWVrAgn1Py-00030-00033855-00036439 [Music]
+etWVrAgn1Py-00031-00036440-00037959 foreign
+etWVrAgn1Py-00032-00037960-00038215 five tracks wow uh
+etWVrAgn1Py-00033-00038216-00038399 you are doomed for it through huh
+etWVrAgn1Py-00034-00038400-00039015 worship another title you're saying
+etWVrAgn1Py-00036-00042047-00042558 how is that music doing
+etWVrAgn1Py-00037-00042559-00042783 december
+etWVrAgn1Py-00038-00042784-00043383 interview life wow wow wow
+etWVrAgn1Py-00039-00043384-00044815 december kevin
+etWVrAgn1Py-00041-00053088-00053279 in the next five years in the next 10
+etWVrAgn1Py-00042-00053279-00054023 years
+etWVrAgn1Py-00043-00054024-00054230 in the next five years or probably in
+etWVrAgn1Py-00044-00054232-00054423 the next 10 years
+etWVrAgn1Py-00045-00054424-00054535 say now
+etWVrAgn1Py-00046-00054536-00056899 where is kevik to heading towards
+etWVrAgn1Py-00047-00056900-00057199 [Music]
+etWVrAgn1Py-00048-00057200-00058638 um
+etWVrAgn1Py-00049-00058639-00061490 foreign
+etWVrAgn1Py-00050-00061491-00062830 [Music]
+etWVrAgn1Py-00051-00062832-00064342 is
+etWVrAgn1Py-00052-00064344-00065775 foreign
+etWVrAgn1Py-00053-00065776-00067279 foreign
+etWVrAgn1Py-00055-00072736-00073249 victory
+etWVrAgn1Py-00056-00073250-00074828 [Music]
+etWVrAgn1Py-00057-00074829-00076054 [Music]
+etWVrAgn1Py-00058-00076055-00078045 [Applause]
+etWVrAgn1Py-00059-00078046-00078335 [Applause]
+etWVrAgn1Py-00060-00078336-00078854 me
+etWVrAgn1Py-00062-00083774-00085471 [Music]
+etWVrAgn1Py-00063-00085472-00085722 okay
+etWVrAgn1Py-00064-00085723-00088175 [Music]
+etWVrAgn1Py-00065-00088176-00088549 hey
+etWVrAgn1Py-00066-00088550-00089471 [Applause]
+etWVrAgn1Py-00067-00089472-00089976 beautiful song by all standards
+etWVrAgn1Py-00068-00089977-00090871 [Music]
+etWVrAgn1Py-00069-00090872-00091263 i'm watching you live from our memo
+eta_OIu2XKc-00000-00000453-00001103 [Music]
+eta_OIu2XKc-00001-00001104-00001391 aguilos is a kind of low calorie sugar
+eta_OIu2XKc-00002-00001392-00001614 naturally existing very small quantities
+eta_OIu2XKc-00003-00001616-00001814 but now industrially produced as a
+eta_OIu2XKc-00004-00001816-00002030 commercial sweetener said to have
+eta_OIu2XKc-00005-00002032-00002239 advantages that make it comparable to
+eta_OIu2XKc-00006-00002240-00002510 erythritol as a sugar substitute
+eta_OIu2XKc-00007-00002511-00002815 it's said to have anti-diabetic effects
+eta_OIu2XKc-00008-00002816-00003118 but this was in obese mice
+eta_OIu2XKc-00009-00003119-00003383 allulose decreases ldl cholesterol
+eta_OIu2XKc-00010-00003384-00003743 levels in high fat fed hamsters
+eta_OIu2XKc-00011-00003744-00003927 and is said to have a substantial impact
+eta_OIu2XKc-00012-00003928-00004286 on obesity in lard munching mice
+eta_OIu2XKc-00013-00004287-00004559 but what about men and women
+eta_OIu2XKc-00014-00004560-00004783 in a petri dish allylose inhibits fat
+eta_OIu2XKc-00015-00004784-00005038 cell precursors from maturing into fat
+eta_OIu2XKc-00016-00005039-00005270 cells and reduce the amount of fat
+eta_OIu2XKc-00017-00005271-00005543 accumulation within fat cells here's a
+eta_OIu2XKc-00018-00005544-00005735 before and after picture with the fat
+eta_OIu2XKc-00019-00005736-00006006 staining red of swapping in some allelos
+eta_OIu2XKc-00020-00006007-00006175 for regular sugar
+eta_OIu2XKc-00021-00006176-00006414 therefore the researchers conclude allos
+eta_OIu2XKc-00022-00006415-00006631 may be a promising sugar substitute for
+eta_OIu2XKc-00023-00006631-00006991 an anti-obesity diet but you don't know
+eta_OIu2XKc-00024-00006992-00007095 until you
+eta_OIu2XKc-00025-00007095-00007270 put it to the test
+eta_OIu2XKc-00026-00007272-00007423 they gave people about a teaspoon of
+eta_OIu2XKc-00027-00007423-00007678 alulus a half hour before eating a meal
+eta_OIu2XKc-00028-00007679-00007951 and compared to the no sugar control
+eta_OIu2XKc-00029-00007952-00008151 group the allelos group started burning
+eta_OIu2XKc-00030-00008152-00008391 more fat the researchers concluded that
+eta_OIu2XKc-00031-00008392-00008631 allulose enhances after a meal fat
+eta_OIu2XKc-00032-00008632-00008799 burning indicating that it could be a
+eta_OIu2XKc-00033-00008800-00009006 novel sweetener to control and maintain
+eta_OIu2XKc-00034-00009007-00009223 healthy body weight through enhanced
+eta_OIu2XKc-00035-00009224-00009535 energy metabolism
+eta_OIu2XKc-00036-00009536-00009759 okay but first of all it was only 15
+eta_OIu2XKc-00037-00009760-00010014 calories of fat burned over that four
+eta_OIu2XKc-00038-00010015-00010223 hour period and they didn't burn more
+eta_OIu2XKc-00039-00010224-00010406 calories overall they just switched from
+eta_OIu2XKc-00040-00010407-00010623 burning carb calories to fat calories
+eta_OIu2XKc-00041-00010624-00010846 and so may have just switched back later
+eta_OIu2XKc-00042-00010847-00011159 on and made up for it later in the day
+eta_OIu2XKc-00043-00011160-00011342 you can't just look at one meal you need
+eta_OIu2XKc-00044-00011343-00011542 to track people's actual weight over
+eta_OIu2XKc-00045-00011543-00011710 time and
+eta_OIu2XKc-00046-00011711-00012014 here we go a weight reducing effect of a
+eta_OIu2XKc-00047-00012015-00012238 syrup that included about five percent
+eta_OIu2XKc-00048-00012239-00012446 allulose compared to high fructose corn
+eta_OIu2XKc-00049-00012447-00012567 syrup
+eta_OIu2XKc-00050-00012568-00012783 the results show significant decreases
+eta_OIu2XKc-00051-00012784-00012958 in body weight body fat and waist
+eta_OIu2XKc-00052-00012959-00013127 circumference but it was some
+eta_OIu2XKc-00053-00013128-00013366 proprietary syrup mixture and look
+eta_OIu2XKc-00054-00013368-00013566 anything would look good against high
+eta_OIu2XKc-00055-00013568-00013735 fructose corn syrup
+eta_OIu2XKc-00056-00013736-00013935 this is the study
+eta_OIu2XKc-00057-00013936-00014103 i've been looking for
+eta_OIu2XKc-00058-00014104-00014343 evaluating the effect of ielos for fat
+eta_OIu2XKc-00059-00014344-00014607 mass reduction in humans over a hundred
+eta_OIu2XKc-00060-00014608-00014775 individuals randomized to a placebo
+eta_OIu2XKc-00061-00014776-00015022 control sucralose or a teaspoon of
+eta_OIu2XKc-00062-00015023-00015255 allulose twice a day or one and three
+eta_OIu2XKc-00063-00015256-00015438 quarter teaspoons twice a day and
+eta_OIu2XKc-00064-00015440-00015630 despite no change in physical activity
+eta_OIu2XKc-00065-00015631-00015791 or calorie consumption between the two
+eta_OIu2XKc-00066-00015791-00016038 groups body fat was significantly
+eta_OIu2XKc-00067-00016040-00016247 decreased following allulo
+eta_OIu2XKc-00068-00016247-00016503 supplementation they even took ct scans
+eta_OIu2XKc-00069-00016504-00016655 so they could tell where the fat was
+eta_OIu2XKc-00070-00016656-00016839 disappearing from
+eta_OIu2XKc-00071-00016840-00017047 now the drop in body fat was only about
+eta_OIu2XKc-00072-00017048-00017335 two pounds over 12 weeks and the drop in
+eta_OIu2XKc-00073-00017336-00017519 abdominal fat in the higher dose group
+eta_OIu2XKc-00074-00017520-00017707 was almost totally a drop in
+eta_OIu2XKc-00075-00017708-00017919 subcutaneous fat the the flabby
+eta_OIu2XKc-00076-00017920-00018167 superficial fat not the dangerous
+eta_OIu2XKc-00077-00018168-00018367 visceral fat deeper down that really
+eta_OIu2XKc-00078-00018368-00018639 matters for health but still body fat
+eta_OIu2XKc-00079-00018640-00018975 loss despite no change in calorie intake
+eta_OIu2XKc-00080-00018976-00019183 similar to what was seen in the mice but
+eta_OIu2XKc-00081-00019184-00019430 the hamster effect did not materialize
+eta_OIu2XKc-00082-00019431-00019671 no significant change in ldl cholesterol
+eta_OIu2XKc-00083-00019672-00019950 in either of the allulose groups
+eta_OIu2XKc-00084-00019951-00020214 what about the purported anti-diabetes
+eta_OIu2XKc-00085-00020215-00020422 effects if you have people chug a
+eta_OIu2XKc-00086-00020423-00020694 beverage with up to about two teaspoons
+eta_OIu2XKc-00087-00020695-00020847 of iolus alone
+eta_OIu2XKc-00088-00020848-00021071 previously known as psychos or with a
+eta_OIu2XKc-00089-00021072-00021335 big load of rapidly digesting carbs the
+eta_OIu2XKc-00090-00021336-00021575 algolos alone has predictably no
+eta_OIu2XKc-00091-00021576-00021791 influence on blood glucose or insulin
+eta_OIu2XKc-00092-00021792-00021975 concentrations yet when you consume
+eta_OIu2XKc-00093-00021976-00022278 allos along with the refined carbs there
+eta_OIu2XKc-00094-00022279-00022447 is actually a suppression of the
+eta_OIu2XKc-00095-00022448-00022639 elevation of blood sugar and insulin and
+eta_OIu2XKc-00096-00022640-00022863 by a significant amount of 30 drop in
+eta_OIu2XKc-00097-00022864-00023030 blood sugar and insulin levels over a
+eta_OIu2XKc-00098-00023031-00023199 two hour period
+eta_OIu2XKc-00099-00023200-00023358 we think it's because the presence of
+eta_OIu2XKc-00100-00023359-00023583 iolos impairs the absorption of sugar
+eta_OIu2XKc-00101-00023584-00023799 through the intestinal lining because
+eta_OIu2XKc-00102-00023800-00023999 they all might be competing for the same
+eta_OIu2XKc-00103-00024000-00024191 sugar transporter
+eta_OIu2XKc-00104-00024192-00024471 yeah but who's chugging maltodextrin
+eta_OIu2XKc-00105-00024472-00024791 what about just like a regular meal
+eta_OIu2XKc-00106-00024792-00025078 and here we go and in borderline
+eta_OIu2XKc-00107-00025079-00025278 diabetics who could use some blood sugar
+eta_OIu2XKc-00108-00025279-00025486 spike suppression a randomized
+eta_OIu2XKc-00109-00025487-00025639 double-blind placebo-controlled
+eta_OIu2XKc-00110-00025639-00025846 crossover experiment to see what
+eta_OIu2XKc-00111-00025847-00026070 drinking one and a quarter teaspoon of
+eta_OIu2XKc-00112-00026072-00026262 iolose in a cup of tea with a meal would
+eta_OIu2XKc-00113-00026263-00026567 do and indeed a significant drop to only
+eta_OIu2XKc-00114-00026568-00026814 about 15 percent you can see how they
+eta_OIu2XKc-00115-00026816-00027135 tried to exaggerate the y-axis
+eta_OIu2XKc-00116-00027136-00027295 they also did a second experiment
+eta_OIu2XKc-00117-00027295-00027446 randomized people to a little over a
+eta_OIu2XKc-00118-00027447-00027646 teaspoon of iolos three times a day with
+eta_OIu2XKc-00119-00027647-00027839 meals for 12 weeks
+eta_OIu2XKc-00120-00027839-00028014 nice to see there didn't appear to be
+eta_OIu2XKc-00121-00028016-00028270 any adverse side effects but they also
+eta_OIu2XKc-00122-00028272-00028455 didn't find any weight loss effects in
+eta_OIu2XKc-00123-00028456-00028702 contrast with that other study so the
+eta_OIu2XKc-00124-00028704-00029014 body fat data is mixed and so too is the
+eta_OIu2XKc-00125-00029016-00029351 sugar data this study found no effects
+eta_OIu2XKc-00126-00029352-00029511 of value loss on blood sugars and
+eta_OIu2XKc-00127-00029512-00029695 healthy participants though a similar
+eta_OIu2XKc-00128-00029695-00029935 study on diabetics did
+eta_OIu2XKc-00129-00029936-00030167 a systematic review of meta-analyses of
+eta_OIu2XKc-00130-00030168-00030358 all such controlled feeding trials
+eta_OIu2XKc-00131-00030360-00030543 suggests that the acute benefits on
+eta_OIu2XKc-00132-00030544-00030718 blood sugars was of borderline
+eta_OIu2XKc-00133-00030719-00030967 significance and it's unclear whether or
+eta_OIu2XKc-00134-00030968-00031223 not this alone could translate into
+eta_OIu2XKc-00135-00031224-00031439 meaningful improvements in blood sugar
+eta_OIu2XKc-00136-00031439-00031631 control over time so
+eta_OIu2XKc-00137-00031632-00031823 maybe it's not enough to just add
+eta_OIu2XKc-00138-00031824-00032118 allulose you might actually have to also
+eta_OIu2XKc-00139-00032119-00032367 cut out the junk
+eta_OIu2XKc-00140-00032368-00032558 although ability to suppress blood sugar
+eta_OIu2XKc-00141-00032560-00032790 responses is one of the most well
+eta_OIu2XKc-00142-00032791-00033079 studied aspects of allulose i do just
+eta_OIu2XKc-00143-00033080-00033318 want to cover one last angle the fact
+eta_OIu2XKc-00144-00033319-00033623 that alkalos extends the life span of a
+eta_OIu2XKc-00145-00033624-00033895 tiny round worm called c elegans through
+eta_OIu2XKc-00146-00033896-00034159 a dietary restriction mechanism even
+eta_OIu2XKc-00147-00034160-00034374 though they ate the same amount of food
+eta_OIu2XKc-00148-00034375-00034590 two months in just a few percent of the
+eta_OIu2XKc-00149-00034591-00034815 control group were still alive whereas
+eta_OIu2XKc-00150-00034816-00035046 twice as many in the low allulose group
+eta_OIu2XKc-00151-00035047-00035279 and about 25 percent still around in the
+eta_OIu2XKc-00152-00035280-00035462 higher allulose group
+eta_OIu2XKc-00153-00035463-00035599 we think it worked boosting the
+eta_OIu2XKc-00154-00035600-00035823 expression and activities of antioxidant
+eta_OIu2XKc-00155-00035824-00036118 enzymes in the body extending lifespan
+eta_OIu2XKc-00156-00036119-00036399 by mopping up free radicals
+eta_OIu2XKc-00157-00036400-00036671 but who cares about the survival curves
+eta_OIu2XKc-00158-00036672-00036887 of worms well
+eta_OIu2XKc-00159-00036888-00037118 c elegans is a well-studied model of
+eta_OIu2XKc-00160-00037119-00037343 aging and longevity but mostly just for
+eta_OIu2XKc-00161-00037344-00037583 convenience sake but does share most of
+eta_OIu2XKc-00162-00037584-00037783 the longevity genes or pathways we're
+eta_OIu2XKc-00163-00037784-00037918 interested in
+eta_OIu2XKc-00164-00037919-00038143 be nice to see experiments on at least
+eta_OIu2XKc-00165-00038144-00038311 human cells
+eta_OIu2XKc-00166-00038312-00038535 and here we go
+eta_OIu2XKc-00167-00038536-00038711 the effect of alulos on free radicals
+eta_OIu2XKc-00168-00038712-00038935 and oxidative stress in human coronary
+eta_OIu2XKc-00169-00038936-00039183 artery endothelial cells the cells that
+eta_OIu2XKc-00170-00039184-00039423 line the inside of our arteries add a
+eta_OIu2XKc-00171-00039424-00039695 bunch of sugar and free radical levels
+eta_OIu2XKc-00172-00039696-00039895 shoot up but add the same amount of
+eta_OIu2XKc-00173-00039896-00040118 sugar along with some alus and it's as
+eta_OIu2XKc-00174-00040119-00040327 if you've never even added the sugar and
+eta_OIu2XKc-00175-00040328-00040535 this then translates to inhibiting the
+eta_OIu2XKc-00176-00040536-00040702 expression of an inflammatory marker
+eta_OIu2XKc-00177-00040703-00040887 that plays a role in the buildup of
+eta_OIu2XKc-00178-00040888-00041111 atherosclerotic plaque
+eta_OIu2XKc-00179-00041112-00041311 however it's still too early to draw
+eta_OIu2XKc-00180-00041312-00041527 conclusions about the clinical relevance
+eta_OIu2XKc-00181-00041528-00041687 of these data
+eta_OIu2XKc-00182-00041688-00041895 to conclude are these rare sugars like
+eta_OIu2XKc-00183-00041896-00042095 allulose healthy alternatives for
+eta_OIu2XKc-00184-00042096-00042311 traditional sweeteners well
+eta_OIu2XKc-00185-00042312-00042558 considering the variety of potentially
+eta_OIu2XKc-00186-00042559-00042815 beneficial effects of iolos without
+eta_OIu2XKc-00187-00042816-00043039 known disadvantages from metabolic and
+eta_OIu2XKc-00188-00043040-00043318 toxicological studies alkalos may
+eta_OIu2XKc-00189-00043319-00043518 currently be the most promising rare
+eta_OIu2XKc-00190-00043519-00043655 sugar
+eta_OIu2XKc-00191-00043656-00043918 but how much is that saying
+eta_OIu2XKc-00192-00043919-00044087 we just don't have a lot of good human
+eta_OIu2XKc-00193-00044088-00044199 data
+eta_OIu2XKc-00194-00044200-00044374 as a result of the absence of these
+eta_OIu2XKc-00195-00044375-00044558 studies it may be too early to recommend
+eta_OIu2XKc-00196-00044559-00044953 rare sugars for human consumption
+eta_OIu2XKc-00197-00044954-00047318 [Music]
+eta_OIu2XKc-00198-00047319-00047528 you
+euuDBvj4Z-E-00000-00000048-00000326 the open mid front rounded vowel or low
+euuDBvj4Z-E-00001-00000327-00000515 mid front rounded vowel is a type of
+euuDBvj4Z-E-00002-00000516-00000709 vowel sound used in some spoken
+euuDBvj4Z-E-00003-00000710-00001019 languages acoustically it is an open mid
+euuDBvj4Z-E-00004-00001019-00001265 front central rounded vowel the symbol
+euuDBvj4Z-E-00005-00001266-00001408 in the international phonetic alphabet
+euuDBvj4Z-E-00006-00001409-00001739 that represents the sound us the symbol
+euuDBvj4Z-E-00007-00001739-00001913 au is a lowercase ligature of the
+euuDBvj4Z-E-00008-00001914-00002189 letters O and E the sound a small
+euuDBvj4Z-E-00009-00002190-00002408 capital version of the ligature is used
+euuDBvj4Z-E-00010-00002409-00002609 for a distinct vowel sound the open
+euuDBvj4Z-E-00011-00002610-00003219 front rounded vowel
+euuDBvj4Z-E-00012-00003220-00003875 Topic open mid front compressed vowel
+euuDBvj4Z-E-00013-00003876-00004118 the open mid front compressed vowel is
+euuDBvj4Z-E-00014-00004119-00004370 typically transcribed in IPA simply as
+euuDBvj4Z-E-00015-00004371-00004535 which is the convention used in this
+euuDBvj4Z-E-00016-00004536-00004808 article there is no dedicated IPA
+euuDBvj4Z-E-00017-00004809-00004964 diacritic for compression
+euuDBvj4Z-E-00018-00004965-00005197 however the compression of the lips can
+euuDBvj4Z-E-00019-00005198-00005347 be shown by the letter B as be
+euuDBvj4Z-E-00020-00005348-00005597 simultaneous and labial compression or
+euuDBvj4Z-E-00021-00005598-00005893 modified with labial compression the
+euuDBvj4Z-E-00022-00005894-00006131 spread lip diacritic may also be used
+euuDBvj4Z-E-00023-00006132-00006341 with a rounded vowel letter as an ad hoc
+euuDBvj4Z-E-00024-00006342-00006529 symbol but spread technically means
+euuDBvj4Z-E-00025-00006530-00007075 unrounded
+euuDBvj4Z-E-00026-00007076-00007558 topic features
+euuDBvj4Z-E-00027-00007559-00007806 it's vowel height is open mid also known
+euuDBvj4Z-E-00028-00007807-00007989 as low mid which means the tongue is
+euuDBvj4Z-E-00029-00007990-00008176 positioned halfway between an open vowel
+euuDBvj4Z-E-00030-00008177-00008509 a low vowel and a mid vowel its vowel
+euuDBvj4Z-E-00031-00008510-00008716 backness is front which means the tongue
+euuDBvj4Z-E-00032-00008717-00008884 is positioned as far forward as possible
+euuDBvj4Z-E-00033-00008885-00009070 in the mouth without creating a
+euuDBvj4Z-E-00034-00009071-00009244 constriction that would be classified as
+euuDBvj4Z-E-00035-00009245-00009331 a consonant
+euuDBvj4Z-E-00036-00009332-00009598 note that rounded front vowels are often
+euuDBvj4Z-E-00037-00009599-00009799 centralized which means that often they
+euuDBvj4Z-E-00038-00009800-00010069 are in fact near front its roundedness
+euuDBvj4Z-E-00039-00010070-00010255 as compressed which means that the
+euuDBvj4Z-E-00040-00010256-00010431 margins of the lips are tense and drawn
+euuDBvj4Z-E-00041-00010432-00010594 together in such a way that the inner
+euuDBvj4Z-E-00042-00010595-00011234 surfaces are not exposed
+euuDBvj4Z-E-00043-00011235-00011712 topic occurrence
+euuDBvj4Z-E-00044-00011713-00011952 note because front rounded vowels are
+euuDBvj4Z-E-00045-00011953-00012123 assumed to have compression and few
+euuDBvj4Z-E-00046-00012124-00012324 descriptions cover the distinction some
+euuDBvj4Z-E-00047-00012325-00012464 of the following may actually have
+euuDBvj4Z-E-00048-00012465-00013027 protrusion
+euuDBvj4Z-E-00049-00013028-00013694 Topic open mid front protruded vowel
+euuDBvj4Z-E-00050-00013694-00013943 Catford notes that most languages with
+euuDBvj4Z-E-00051-00013944-00014132 rounded front and back vowels used
+euuDBvj4Z-E-00052-00014133-00014297 distinct types of labial ization
+euuDBvj4Z-E-00053-00014297-00014513 protruded back vowels and compressed
+euuDBvj4Z-E-00054-00014513-00014822 front vowels however a few such as
+euuDBvj4Z-E-00055-00014822-00015029 Scandinavian languages have protruded
+euuDBvj4Z-E-00056-00015030-00015332 front vowels one Scandinavian language
+euuDBvj4Z-E-00057-00015333-00015575 Swedish even contrasts the two types of
+euuDBvj4Z-E-00058-00015576-00015779 rounding in front vowels senior closed
+euuDBvj4Z-E-00059-00015780-00015955 front rounded vowel with Swedish
+euuDBvj4Z-E-00060-00015956-00016168 examples of both types of rounding as
+euuDBvj4Z-E-00061-00016169-00016444 there are no diacritics in the IPA to
+euuDBvj4Z-E-00062-00016445-00016637 distinguish protruded and compressed
+euuDBvj4Z-E-00063-00016638-00016847 rounding an old diacritic for labial
+euuDBvj4Z-E-00064-00016848-00017063 ization will be used here as an ad hoc
+euuDBvj4Z-E-00065-00017064-00017260 symbol for protruded front vowels
+euuDBvj4Z-E-00066-00017261-00017543 another possible transcription as or an
+euuDBvj4Z-E-00067-00017544-00017762 open mid front vowel modified by endo
+euuDBvj4Z-E-00068-00017763-00017953 labial ization but it could be misread
+euuDBvj4Z-E-00069-00017954-00018275 as a diphthong acoustically the sound us
+euuDBvj4Z-E-00070-00018276-00018602 between the more typical compressed open
+euuDBvj4Z-E-00071-00018603-00018844 mid front vowel o and the unrounded open
+euuDBvj4Z-E-00072-00018845-00019424 mid front vowel
+euuDBvj4Z-E-00073-00019425-00019908 topic features
+euuDBvj4Z-E-00074-00019909-00020161 it's vowel height is open mid also known
+euuDBvj4Z-E-00075-00020162-00020341 as low mid which means the tongue is
+euuDBvj4Z-E-00076-00020342-00020530 positioned halfway between an open vowel
+euuDBvj4Z-E-00077-00020531-00020859 a low vowel and a mid vowel its vowel
+euuDBvj4Z-E-00078-00020860-00021067 backness is front which means the tongue
+euuDBvj4Z-E-00079-00021068-00021255 is positioned as far forward as possible
+euuDBvj4Z-E-00080-00021256-00021423 in the mouth without creating a
+euuDBvj4Z-E-00081-00021424-00021597 constriction that would be classified as
+euuDBvj4Z-E-00082-00021598-00021861 a consonant note that rounded front
+euuDBvj4Z-E-00083-00021862-00022075 vowels are often centralized which means
+euuDBvj4Z-E-00084-00022076-00022272 that often they are in fact near front
+euuDBvj4Z-E-00085-00022273-00022569 its roundedness as protruded which means
+euuDBvj4Z-E-00086-00022570-00022728 that the corners of the lips are drawn
+euuDBvj4Z-E-00087-00022729-00022887 together and the inner surface is
+euuDBvj4Z-E-00088-00022888-00023429 exposed
+euuDBvj4Z-E-00089-00023430-00023910 topic occurrence
+euuDBvj4Z-E-00090-00023911-00024267 equals equals nodes
+ew4vETcderI-00000-00000992-00001087 so
+ew4vETcderI-00001-00001088-00001415 um welcome to all of you uh thank you
+ew4vETcderI-00002-00001416-00001655 for being here some of you uh
+ew4vETcderI-00003-00001655-00001814 for for some
+ew4vETcderI-00004-00001816-00002007 with some of you i've shared like this
+ew4vETcderI-00005-00002007-00002310 whole week of uh discussions and very
+ew4vETcderI-00006-00002311-00002591 very intense debates um and very
+ew4vETcderI-00007-00002592-00002863 fruitful discussions some of you i see
+ew4vETcderI-00008-00002864-00003118 for the first time
+ew4vETcderI-00009-00003119-00003303 this is the last
+ew4vETcderI-00010-00003304-00003615 final panel roundtable of our contesting
+ew4vETcderI-00011-00003615-00003822 authoritarianism perspectives from the
+ew4vETcderI-00012-00003823-00004006 south conference
+ew4vETcderI-00013-00004007-00004183 entitled beyond authoritarianism
+ew4vETcderI-00014-00004184-00004367 counter-strategies
+ew4vETcderI-00015-00004368-00004543 utopias
+ew4vETcderI-00016-00004544-00004886 where we will discuss on exactly
+ew4vETcderI-00017-00004887-00005070 this issue of
+ew4vETcderI-00018-00005071-00005343 going beyond authoritarianism just so
+ew4vETcderI-00019-00005344-00005575 you get the context a bit like we have
+ew4vETcderI-00020-00005576-00005695 been
+ew4vETcderI-00021-00005696-00005902 meeting here since as part of the
+ew4vETcderI-00022-00005903-00006127 international research group on
+ew4vETcderI-00023-00006128-00006454 authoritarianism and counter strategies
+ew4vETcderI-00024-00006455-00006631 we've been
+ew4vETcderI-00025-00006631-00006863 together working together for the last
+ew4vETcderI-00026-00006864-00006934 two
+ew4vETcderI-00027-00006936-00007159 two years more or less we were very
+ew4vETcderI-00028-00007159-00007391 close to meeting for the first time in
+ew4vETcderI-00029-00007392-00007598 early 2020
+ew4vETcderI-00030-00007600-00007823 and then pandemic came
+ew4vETcderI-00031-00007823-00007983 and it actually
+ew4vETcderI-00032-00007984-00008199 has been the first moment where the
+ew4vETcderI-00033-00008200-00008439 whole group which has about a little
+ew4vETcderI-00034-00008440-00008646 more than 20 researchers
+ew4vETcderI-00035-00008647-00008807 um from
+ew4vETcderI-00036-00008808-00009063 scholar activists from countries of the
+ew4vETcderI-00037-00009064-00009303 so-called global south we all agree that
+ew4vETcderI-00038-00009304-00009551 we don't like this notion but
+ew4vETcderI-00039-00009552-00009655 um
+ew4vETcderI-00040-00009656-00009806 that we actually could come together and
+ew4vETcderI-00041-00009807-00010095 i think this uh this getting together
+ew4vETcderI-00042-00010096-00010510 this gathering in a very joyful um
+ew4vETcderI-00043-00010511-00010678 mode in the very
+ew4vETcderI-00044-00010679-00011031 way of of of of concrete
+ew4vETcderI-00045-00011032-00011335 discussions in solidarity um being
+ew4vETcderI-00046-00011336-00011503 together enjoying
+ew4vETcderI-00047-00011504-00011806 being together has been a very um yeah i
+ew4vETcderI-00048-00011807-00011967 don't know empowering and beautiful
+ew4vETcderI-00049-00011968-00012119 experience
+ew4vETcderI-00050-00012120-00012423 um
+ew4vETcderI-00051-00012424-00012655 we entitled this conference contesting
+ew4vETcderI-00052-00012656-00012846 authoritarianism and there is of course
+ew4vETcderI-00053-00012847-00013135 the question which will accompany us um
+ew4vETcderI-00054-00013136-00013471 also today of what contesting means
+ew4vETcderI-00055-00013472-00013679 um we discussed this also on our first
+ew4vETcderI-00056-00013680-00013886 panel with alex de mirovich hugo fanton
+ew4vETcderI-00057-00013887-00014055 and zainab gambetti
+ew4vETcderI-00058-00014056-00014279 where alex said like contesting for him
+ew4vETcderI-00059-00014280-00014535 is also very much about critical
+ew4vETcderI-00060-00014536-00014703 thinking about
+ew4vETcderI-00061-00014704-00014991 about um opposing something to the
+ew4vETcderI-00062-00014991-00015255 profound stupidity and blindness of the
+ew4vETcderI-00063-00015256-00015543 of the of the dominant class and of the
+ew4vETcderI-00064-00015544-00015799 against like the cold-heartedness of the
+ew4vETcderI-00065-00015800-00015919 current
+ew4vETcderI-00066-00015919-00016143 given moment so to say
+ew4vETcderI-00067-00016144-00016375 and i think contesting also of course
+ew4vETcderI-00068-00016376-00016519 means a lot more
+ew4vETcderI-00069-00016520-00016703 it means tackling with
+ew4vETcderI-00070-00016704-00016830 the
+ew4vETcderI-00071-00016831-00017119 ideology the neoliberal authoritarian
+ew4vETcderI-00072-00017120-00017350 ideology of what cena gambetti called
+ew4vETcderI-00073-00017351-00017655 like survivalism of what michel hears in
+ew4vETcderI-00074-00017656-00017847 some panel called like the bad life
+ew4vETcderI-00075-00017848-00017955 based on
+ew4vETcderI-00076-00017956-00018214 self-sacrifice of hard work of
+ew4vETcderI-00077-00018215-00018399 carelessness a very profound
+ew4vETcderI-00078-00018400-00018591 carelessness and even like resentment
+ew4vETcderI-00079-00018592-00018758 and hate towards
+ew4vETcderI-00080-00018759-00018855 um
+ew4vETcderI-00081-00018856-00019094 towards others but also towards
+ew4vETcderI-00082-00019095-00019279 ourselves and i think this is also a
+ew4vETcderI-00083-00019280-00019479 very important issue that we have to
+ew4vETcderI-00084-00019480-00019614 reflect on
+ew4vETcderI-00085-00019615-00019814 we are thinking authoritarianism not as
+ew4vETcderI-00086-00019815-00020191 a regime question but as a question of
+ew4vETcderI-00087-00020192-00020383 let's say governmentality
+ew4vETcderI-00088-00020384-00020591 the question as the mode of living as a
+ew4vETcderI-00089-00020592-00020686 question
+ew4vETcderI-00090-00020687-00020950 that in this sense
+ew4vETcderI-00091-00020951-00021127 runs through us
+ew4vETcderI-00092-00021128-00021367 although it does so in very
+ew4vETcderI-00093-00021368-00021550 very specific and of course very
+ew4vETcderI-00094-00021551-00021750 differentiated ways
+ew4vETcderI-00095-00021751-00021991 um it's not only like located in
+ew4vETcderI-00096-00021992-00022183 political institutions and so on it's
+ew4vETcderI-00097-00022184-00022422 located in infrastructures for instance
+ew4vETcderI-00098-00022423-00022647 we've been discussing work conditions
+ew4vETcderI-00099-00022648-00022814 platform work
+ew4vETcderI-00100-00022815-00023086 it's of course like part of institutions
+ew4vETcderI-00101-00023087-00023422 it is embedded in bodies and minds
+ew4vETcderI-00102-00023423-00023639 as i said in a very specific ways and
+ew4vETcderI-00103-00023640-00023958 we've started our discussions
+ew4vETcderI-00104-00023959-00024158 parting from a notion of
+ew4vETcderI-00105-00024159-00024399 crises
+ew4vETcderI-00106-00024400-00024527 like
+ew4vETcderI-00107-00024528-00024758 a crisis which
+ew4vETcderI-00108-00024759-00025071 in latin america is termed in like a civ
+ew4vETcderI-00109-00025072-00025278 crisis of civilization we've discussed
+ew4vETcderI-00110-00025279-00025606 the notion of multiple crises i think
+ew4vETcderI-00111-00025607-00025870 we agree that there's an experience and
+ew4vETcderI-00112-00025872-00026070 a profound feeling that is shared not
+ew4vETcderI-00113-00026072-00026262 only by us who like discuss
+ew4vETcderI-00114-00026263-00026527 authoritarianism but in very broad sense
+ew4vETcderI-00115-00026527-00026702 by many people
+ew4vETcderI-00116-00026704-00026935 the notion of crisis of things falling
+ew4vETcderI-00117-00026936-00027223 apart but a crisis also
+ew4vETcderI-00118-00027224-00027495 of our possibilities and capacities to
+ew4vETcderI-00119-00027495-00027735 imagine other futures and other ways of
+ew4vETcderI-00120-00027736-00027927 living
+ew4vETcderI-00121-00027927-00028083 there's like
+ew4vETcderI-00122-00028083-00028374 a this commodification and this
+ew4vETcderI-00123-00028375-00028543 colonization
+ew4vETcderI-00124-00028544-00028814 new liberal colonization
+ew4vETcderI-00125-00028816-00029167 of livelihood of times and spaces of our
+ew4vETcderI-00126-00029168-00029535 very intimate lives
+ew4vETcderI-00127-00029536-00029827 there's also like this yeah kind of
+ew4vETcderI-00128-00029827-00030118 impossibility to to to imagine other
+ew4vETcderI-00129-00030119-00030302 futures and i think this
+ew4vETcderI-00130-00030303-00030390 um
+ew4vETcderI-00131-00030391-00030646 feeling like of helplessness
+ew4vETcderI-00132-00030647-00030879 you know of not knowing where to go is
+ew4vETcderI-00133-00030880-00031118 something that um
+ew4vETcderI-00134-00031119-00031407 is shared in a way um by the dominant
+ew4vETcderI-00135-00031408-00031687 and the dominated in very different ways
+ew4vETcderI-00136-00031688-00031951 of course like completely in this sense
+ew4vETcderI-00137-00031952-00032287 not comparable but there is like as alex
+ew4vETcderI-00138-00032288-00032423 has mentioned in the in the first
+ew4vETcderI-00139-00032424-00032670 penalty where like um
+ew4vETcderI-00140-00032672-00032823 a profound yeah what i said like the
+ew4vETcderI-00141-00032824-00033071 stupidity and not knowing and not
+ew4vETcderI-00142-00033072-00033295 non-consensus of the dominated of how to
+ew4vETcderI-00143-00033296-00033711 go this how to go on and this
+ew4vETcderI-00144-00033712-00033974 also from our side there has been
+ew4vETcderI-00145-00033975-00034079 um
+ew4vETcderI-00146-00034080-00034327 let's say difficulties of of imagining
+ew4vETcderI-00147-00034328-00034527 or we are imagining in many different
+ew4vETcderI-00148-00034528-00034799 ways like how we can get out of this and
+ew4vETcderI-00149-00034800-00034959 invent another life
+ew4vETcderI-00150-00034960-00035055 um
+ew4vETcderI-00151-00035056-00035390 so the very like uh bad response or bad
+ew4vETcderI-00152-00035391-00035639 answer the false solution to this is
+ew4vETcderI-00153-00035640-00036007 like a kind of weaponized neoliberal um
+ew4vETcderI-00154-00036008-00036262 exploitation on the territories on
+ew4vETcderI-00155-00036263-00036367 housing
+ew4vETcderI-00156-00036368-00036807 um on the bodies and lives
+ew4vETcderI-00157-00036808-00037159 on emotions in many different ways so
+ew4vETcderI-00158-00037160-00037302 um
+ew4vETcderI-00159-00037303-00037446 but this doesn't mean that there's no
+ew4vETcderI-00160-00037447-00037646 contestations and i think this is a very
+ew4vETcderI-00161-00037647-00037895 very important issue that has been come
+ew4vETcderI-00162-00037896-00038215 up the in very intersectional ways um
+ew4vETcderI-00163-00038216-00038430 how concrete struggles actually work
+ew4vETcderI-00164-00038431-00038615 we've heard about the brazilian urban
+ew4vETcderI-00165-00038616-00038790 movements who have been
+ew4vETcderI-00166-00038791-00038999 organizing against the genocidal
+ew4vETcderI-00167-00039000-00039223 politics of of bolsonaro during the
+ew4vETcderI-00168-00039224-00039446 crisis we've heard of worker struggles
+ew4vETcderI-00169-00039447-00039551 we've worked
+ew4vETcderI-00170-00039552-00039846 of psychoanalysts in brazil um
+ew4vETcderI-00171-00039847-00040118 forming like in the favelas um
+ew4vETcderI-00172-00040119-00040318 psychologists to do like really
+ew4vETcderI-00173-00040319-00040574 political and psychological groundwork
+ew4vETcderI-00174-00040575-00040918 there we've heard about um the struggles
+ew4vETcderI-00175-00040919-00041143 going on in the culture and music and so
+ew4vETcderI-00176-00041144-00041367 on and so forth in the housing
+ew4vETcderI-00177-00041368-00041599 um and in the urban sphere where
+ew4vETcderI-00178-00041600-00041727 concrete
+ew4vETcderI-00179-00041728-00041830 um
+ew4vETcderI-00180-00041831-00042079 other ways of living together and being
+ew4vETcderI-00181-00042080-00042255 together have been
+ew4vETcderI-00182-00042256-00042455 built up and this is where we actually
+ew4vETcderI-00183-00042456-00042783 want to focus on today um i think we are
+ew4vETcderI-00184-00042784-00042871 not
+ew4vETcderI-00185-00042872-00043030 inventing something but we are
+ew4vETcderI-00186-00043031-00043215 reflecting upon how
+ew4vETcderI-00187-00043216-00043343 struggles
+ew4vETcderI-00188-00043344-00043599 actually already speak and sometimes in
+ew4vETcderI-00189-00043600-00043927 a very like organic or natural way
+ew4vETcderI-00190-00043928-00044087 if we if we wouldn't know that there's
+ew4vETcderI-00191-00044088-00044327 so much work and so much things behind
+ew4vETcderI-00192-00044328-00044607 it um speak together i was just
+ew4vETcderI-00193-00044608-00044823 remembering during our great film
+ew4vETcderI-00194-00044824-00045023 program that nafisi and berge have
+ew4vETcderI-00195-00045024-00045367 curated in the cinema transtopia
+ew4vETcderI-00196-00045368-00045630 and we just saw everything must fall a
+ew4vETcderI-00197-00045631-00045790 film on the
+ew4vETcderI-00198-00045791-00046007 struggles against the
+ew4vETcderI-00199-00046008-00046358 fees and student fees in
+ew4vETcderI-00200-00046359-00046639 south africa where post-colonial
+ew4vETcderI-00201-00046640-00046974 struggles um feminist struggles and the
+ew4vETcderI-00202-00046975-00047279 anti-neoliberal struggles um just came
+ew4vETcderI-00203-00047280-00047479 together and
+ew4vETcderI-00204-00047480-00047743 fell together in one one place
+ew4vETcderI-00205-00047744-00047983 and i think the idea of utopias of
+ew4vETcderI-00206-00047984-00048199 concrete utopias is something that we
+ew4vETcderI-00207-00048200-00048390 have also
+ew4vETcderI-00208-00048391-00048543 heard and seen
+ew4vETcderI-00209-00048544-00048735 in many panels and many discussions that
+ew4vETcderI-00210-00048736-00048902 we're having which is something that is
+ew4vETcderI-00211-00048903-00049207 happening in the movements in the um in
+ew4vETcderI-00212-00049208-00049374 the housing struggles in many
+ew4vETcderI-00213-00049375-00049607 collectives all over the world so
+ew4vETcderI-00214-00049608-00049686 um
+ew4vETcderI-00215-00049687-00049990 i just want to say
+ew4vETcderI-00216-00049991-00050230 before we start with this panel thanks
+ew4vETcderI-00217-00050231-00050455 to um many many people who made this
+ew4vETcderI-00218-00050456-00050662 conference possible
+ew4vETcderI-00219-00050663-00050951 first of all of course all my comrades
+ew4vETcderI-00220-00050952-00051158 and colleagues from the eargark because
+ew4vETcderI-00221-00051159-00051446 this has been a collective process of
+ew4vETcderI-00222-00051447-00051679 organizing this conference
+ew4vETcderI-00223-00051679-00051894 the people have
+ew4vETcderI-00224-00051895-00052175 proposed the panels proposed the topics
+ew4vETcderI-00225-00052176-00052371 and this has been like a very
+ew4vETcderI-00226-00052372-00052582 decentralized way of organizing a
+ew4vETcderI-00227-00052583-00052782 conference with people all over the
+ew4vETcderI-00228-00052783-00053063 globe so thank you very very much to all
+ew4vETcderI-00229-00053064-00053319 of you i also want to thank all the
+ew4vETcderI-00230-00053320-00053526 people who are like um taking care of
+ew4vETcderI-00231-00053527-00053687 the infrastructure here of luma
+ew4vETcderI-00232-00053688-00053942 pacquiao's doing the um filming
+ew4vETcderI-00233-00053944-00054326 multi-loo marco of the caterers who gave
+ew4vETcderI-00234-00054327-00054511 us like who brought us and cooked us and
+ew4vETcderI-00235-00054512-00054815 prepared us great food all this time to
+ew4vETcderI-00236-00054816-00054942 other
+ew4vETcderI-00237-00054944-00055126 stuff that's been around
+ew4vETcderI-00238-00055127-00055463 doing all this concrete care work for
+ew4vETcderI-00239-00055464-00055575 every
+ew4vETcderI-00240-00055576-00055711 conference
+ew4vETcderI-00241-00055712-00056182 tom diego titiana emma vega daniela kell
+ew4vETcderI-00242-00056183-00056415 i don't know who's here
+ew4vETcderI-00243-00056416-00056742 the crew for the anarchy because on
+ew4vETcderI-00244-00056744-00057079 thursday we did a fantastic raft
+ew4vETcderI-00245-00057079-00057487 trip critical city tour through berlin
+ew4vETcderI-00246-00057488-00057919 with this great collective project
+ew4vETcderI-00247-00057920-00058230 and also to aiberlin i don't know if
+ew4vETcderI-00248-00058232-00058454 you're here and be back either lena the
+ew4vETcderI-00249-00058455-00058782 ones with whom we are doing the party
+ew4vETcderI-00250-00058783-00059007 tonight i hope you registered and will
+ew4vETcderI-00251-00059008-00059247 be there starting nine o'clock and a
+ew4vETcderI-00252-00059248-00059438 very special thanks to
+ew4vETcderI-00253-00059439-00059647 gustavo and
+ew4vETcderI-00254-00059648-00059935 jan david very specially who's organ has
+ew4vETcderI-00255-00059936-00060159 been organizing all of this together
+ew4vETcderI-00256-00060160-00060279 with me so
+ew4vETcderI-00257-00060279-00060582 thank you and
+ew4vETcderI-00258-00060583-00060847 let's start with this discussion
+ew4vETcderI-00259-00060848-00061023 so my first
+ew4vETcderI-00260-00061024-00061091 thanks
+ew4vETcderI-00261-00061092-00061687 [Applause]
+ew4vETcderI-00262-00061688-00061999 so my first um question
+ew4vETcderI-00263-00062000-00062342 um or my first invitation was that the
+ew4vETcderI-00264-00062344-00062582 people which i will present one by one
+ew4vETcderI-00265-00062583-00062750 afterwards
+ew4vETcderI-00266-00062751-00063030 speak us a bit about how the specific
+ew4vETcderI-00267-00063032-00063311 amalgam of authoritarianism
+ew4vETcderI-00268-00063312-00063575 is being like lived experience perceived
+ew4vETcderI-00269-00063576-00063815 within their context and how their
+ew4vETcderI-00270-00063816-00064206 struggles um like adapt or are like part
+ew4vETcderI-00271-00064207-00064311 of this
+ew4vETcderI-00272-00064312-00064511 specific way of
+ew4vETcderI-00273-00064512-00064726 authoritarianism i would start like just
+ew4vETcderI-00274-00064727-00064975 with you union and then going over to
+ew4vETcderI-00275-00064976-00065279 here so um we decided to keep
+ew4vETcderI-00276-00065279-00065519 presentation short union is a feminist
+ew4vETcderI-00277-00065520-00065743 researcher currently at the university
+ew4vETcderI-00278-00065744-00065894 of oslo
+ew4vETcderI-00279-00065895-00066094 thank you so much for being here and
+ew4vETcderI-00280-00066095-00066271 please
+ew4vETcderI-00281-00066272-00066438 thank you
+ew4vETcderI-00282-00066439-00066743 i have five minutes so i'll be brief so
+ew4vETcderI-00283-00066744-00066950 i'm we're asked to define
+ew4vETcderI-00284-00066951-00067159 authoritarianism in our own particular
+ew4vETcderI-00285-00067160-00067350 context i think that's a very valuable
+ew4vETcderI-00286-00067351-00067438 practice
+ew4vETcderI-00287-00067439-00067663 because there's no one single kind of
+ew4vETcderI-00288-00067664-00067911 authoritarianism and we have to remember
+ew4vETcderI-00289-00067912-00068079 that authoritarian regimes or
+ew4vETcderI-00290-00068080-00068399 institutions or way of of ways of
+ew4vETcderI-00291-00068400-00068591 governing does not
+ew4vETcderI-00292-00068592-00068975 is not born out of vacuum it feeds on to
+ew4vETcderI-00293-00068976-00069255 specific historical cultural political
+ew4vETcderI-00294-00069256-00069447 context and each
+ew4vETcderI-00295-00069448-00069767 way each kind of optimism has
+ew4vETcderI-00296-00069768-00070087 has it dates back to quite a few decades
+ew4vETcderI-00297-00070088-00070359 before and even sometimes a century so
+ew4vETcderI-00298-00070360-00070671 in the case of china um it's one of the
+ew4vETcderI-00299-00070672-00070903 biggest authoritarian regime in the
+ew4vETcderI-00300-00070904-00071175 world i guess it's definitely worth kind
+ew4vETcderI-00301-00071176-00071423 of paying attention to and we all know
+ew4vETcderI-00302-00071424-00071631 through its economic takeoff it's
+ew4vETcderI-00303-00071632-00071926 exerting enormous amount of power to the
+ew4vETcderI-00304-00071927-00072167 entire world through the one beltway
+ew4vETcderI-00305-00072168-00072350 road scheme through its investment in
+ew4vETcderI-00306-00072351-00072615 africa latin america it's buying off all
+ew4vETcderI-00307-00072616-00072903 the greek ports the economic power also
+ew4vETcderI-00308-00072904-00073206 grants its political influence that its
+ew4vETcderI-00309-00073207-00073479 institutions can spread so i'd like to
+ew4vETcderI-00310-00073480-00073782 define authoritarian china in
+ew4vETcderI-00311-00073783-00073950 at least four to five different kind of
+ew4vETcderI-00312-00073951-00074303 ways the first way is of course most
+ew4vETcderI-00313-00074304-00074494 the most obvious the so-called
+ew4vETcderI-00314-00074495-00074694 authoritarian institutions
+ew4vETcderI-00315-00074695-00074782 so
+ew4vETcderI-00316-00074783-00075023 it is not a
+ew4vETcderI-00317-00075024-00075175 single kind of
+ew4vETcderI-00318-00075176-00075415 communist regime that you imagine to be
+ew4vETcderI-00319-00075416-00075647 a sovereign union kind of regime i would
+ew4vETcderI-00320-00075648-00075871 argue it's quite a hybrid of the
+ew4vETcderI-00321-00075872-00076175 confusion paternalistic ruling meaning
+ew4vETcderI-00322-00076176-00076494 the parents are acting as the parents of
+ew4vETcderI-00323-00076495-00076767 the citizens and it's often used as a
+ew4vETcderI-00324-00076768-00076959 metaphor to say we are taking care of
+ew4vETcderI-00325-00076960-00077262 our children slash citizens a hybrid of
+ew4vETcderI-00326-00077263-00077550 that with a long history of course of
+ew4vETcderI-00327-00077551-00077879 communist leninist one party state
+ew4vETcderI-00328-00077880-00078119 and that's coupled with the institution
+ew4vETcderI-00329-00078120-00078223 of
+ew4vETcderI-00330-00078224-00078471 different levels of power concentration
+ew4vETcderI-00331-00078472-00078711 concentration depends on the era china
+ew4vETcderI-00332-00078712-00078831 has had
+ew4vETcderI-00333-00078832-00079135 relatively more decentralized power
+ew4vETcderI-00334-00079136-00079423 divisions within the political within
+ew4vETcderI-00335-00079424-00079631 the party structure
+ew4vETcderI-00336-00079632-00079926 especially in the previous rule under
+ew4vETcderI-00337-00079927-00080071 president who
+ew4vETcderI-00338-00080072-00080343 and since she's coming into power i
+ew4vETcderI-00339-00080344-00080503 would argue in the last decade we see
+ew4vETcderI-00340-00080504-00080791 more and more concentrated power and
+ew4vETcderI-00341-00080792-00081071 nowadays it's also coupled with the use
+ew4vETcderI-00342-00081072-00081447 of digital technologies so some scholars
+ew4vETcderI-00343-00081448-00081662 and analysts even call it a digital
+ew4vETcderI-00344-00081663-00081950 levinism londonist regime which
+ew4vETcderI-00345-00081951-00082175 civilians is prevalent censorship it's
+ew4vETcderI-00346-00082176-00082382 also heavily used so those kind of
+ew4vETcderI-00347-00082383-00082606 institutions of course can
+ew4vETcderI-00348-00082607-00082838 be used to describe how the chinese
+ew4vETcderI-00349-00082839-00083143 authoritarian regime is functioning
+ew4vETcderI-00350-00083144-00083431 within its state institutions but i want
+ew4vETcderI-00351-00083432-00083511 to
+ew4vETcderI-00352-00083512-00083831 bring out more the cultural aspect of
+ew4vETcderI-00353-00083832-00084111 how authoritarian regime can be played
+ew4vETcderI-00354-00084112-00084375 out so the so-called frame of mind i
+ew4vETcderI-00355-00084376-00084559 think some of you have mentioned that
+ew4vETcderI-00356-00084560-00084799 authoritarian regimes tend to othering
+ew4vETcderI-00357-00084800-00084894 uh
+ew4vETcderI-00358-00084895-00085247 different kind of outsiders and that's a
+ew4vETcderI-00359-00085248-00085487 practice we often
+ew4vETcderI-00360-00085488-00085655 see being
+ew4vETcderI-00361-00085656-00085775 used to
+ew4vETcderI-00362-00085776-00085999 justify certain actions to justify
+ew4vETcderI-00363-00086000-00086318 certain policies and the we and then
+ew4vETcderI-00364-00086319-00086423 kind of
+ew4vETcderI-00365-00086424-00086855 differentiation has been central to
+ew4vETcderI-00366-00086856-00087055 class struggle in general so it has been
+ew4vETcderI-00367-00087056-00087262 central to not only authoritarian
+ew4vETcderI-00368-00087263-00087462 regimes but many different kind of
+ew4vETcderI-00369-00087463-00087687 lettering political struggles the fact
+ew4vETcderI-00370-00087688-00087806 that
+ew4vETcderI-00371-00087807-00088055 capitalists against proletarians or the
+ew4vETcderI-00372-00088056-00088326 exploiters against exploited
+ew4vETcderI-00373-00088327-00088543 it's not specific to china but we have
+ew4vETcderI-00374-00088544-00088903 to acknowledge it's a common practice to
+ew4vETcderI-00375-00088904-00089182 categorize people as the enemy and the
+ew4vETcderI-00376-00089183-00089359 enemy of the people needs to be
+ew4vETcderI-00377-00089360-00089718 eliminated or somehow silenced or put
+ew4vETcderI-00378-00089719-00089950 away so that's
+ew4vETcderI-00379-00089951-00090399 basically the politics of fear because
+ew4vETcderI-00380-00090400-00090638 when you portray your enemy as
+ew4vETcderI-00381-00090639-00090926 powerful as scary as terrifying now of
+ew4vETcderI-00382-00090927-00091135 course emotionally you can justify to
+ew4vETcderI-00383-00091136-00091382 your citizens that that's
+ew4vETcderI-00384-00091383-00091615 what we need to do to them
+ew4vETcderI-00385-00091616-00091879 so that's the second kind of way i
+ew4vETcderI-00386-00091880-00092047 thought we should
+ew4vETcderI-00387-00092048-00092215 pay attention to and the third would be
+ew4vETcderI-00388-00092216-00092438 the so-called language
+ew4vETcderI-00389-00092439-00092655 language it's important aspect of
+ew4vETcderI-00390-00092656-00092862 constructing the authoritarian regime
+ew4vETcderI-00391-00092863-00093167 because new speech is the way how our
+ew4vETcderI-00392-00093168-00093406 brains is structured in authoritarian
+ew4vETcderI-00393-00093407-00093559 regime so
+ew4vETcderI-00394-00093560-00093671 communist
+ew4vETcderI-00395-00093672-00094031 kind of terminologies such as the mass
+ew4vETcderI-00396-00094032-00094150 the people
+ew4vETcderI-00397-00094151-00094374 uh the class enemy
+ew4vETcderI-00398-00094375-00094711 are often of course used in mao era to
+ew4vETcderI-00399-00094712-00094982 uh to def to create categories in
+ew4vETcderI-00400-00094983-00095311 people's minds but nowadays uh chinese
+ew4vETcderI-00401-00095312-00095574 regime also uses
+ew4vETcderI-00402-00095575-00095662 kind of
+ew4vETcderI-00403-00095663-00096031 reinvent words such as democracy and
+ew4vETcderI-00404-00096032-00096159 human rights
+ew4vETcderI-00405-00096160-00096255 and
+ew4vETcderI-00406-00096256-00096479 terrorism and counter-terrorism
+ew4vETcderI-00407-00096480-00096559 as
+ew4vETcderI-00408-00096560-00096935 in the way that they find convenient
+ew4vETcderI-00409-00096936-00097191 for example the actions in xinjiang the
+ew4vETcderI-00410-00097192-00097535 re-education comes is actively adopting
+ew4vETcderI-00411-00097536-00097791 u.s style counter-terrorist kind of
+ew4vETcderI-00412-00097792-00098038 discourse to justify
+ew4vETcderI-00413-00098039-00098294 extremism need to be cleaned out and
+ew4vETcderI-00414-00098295-00098567 re-educated
+ew4vETcderI-00415-00098568-00098743 and i've done some research on how
+ew4vETcderI-00416-00098744-00098974 chinese citizens understand democracy
+ew4vETcderI-00417-00098975-00099159 and it's interesting to see how
+ew4vETcderI-00418-00099160-00099399 they have very different
+ew4vETcderI-00419-00099400-00099591 ways to define democracy they tend to
+ew4vETcderI-00420-00099592-00099718 define that
+ew4vETcderI-00421-00099719-00099926 a good government a efficient government
+ew4vETcderI-00422-00099927-00100135 it's democracy it doesn't matter you're
+ew4vETcderI-00423-00100136-00100335 elected or you have multiple parties it
+ew4vETcderI-00424-00100336-00100550 only matters you deliver results and
+ew4vETcderI-00425-00100551-00100759 that's of course result of years and
+ew4vETcderI-00426-00100760-00101103 years of reinventing those new speech
+ew4vETcderI-00427-00101104-00101359 so fourth category i thought about is
+ew4vETcderI-00428-00101360-00101774 knowledge and the limitation of
+ew4vETcderI-00429-00101775-00102031 limited access to knowledge and filtered
+ew4vETcderI-00430-00102032-00102238 knowledge through censorship it's quite
+ew4vETcderI-00431-00102239-00102518 easy point to understand that through a
+ew4vETcderI-00432-00102519-00102766 massive kind of censorship and
+ew4vETcderI-00433-00102767-00102958 limitation to certain
+ew4vETcderI-00434-00102959-00103166 disciplines or certain discussions or
+ew4vETcderI-00435-00103167-00103447 certain groups of voices people do not
+ew4vETcderI-00436-00103448-00103639 have access to
+ew4vETcderI-00437-00103640-00103839 history to
+ew4vETcderI-00438-00103840-00104094 discussions that are happening globally
+ew4vETcderI-00439-00104095-00104223 and to
+ew4vETcderI-00440-00104224-00104415 the kind of activism they are engaging
+ew4vETcderI-00441-00104416-00104686 in that we can measure later which
+ew4vETcderI-00442-00104688-00104934 feminism activism can talk a lot about
+ew4vETcderI-00443-00104935-00105199 that so the last point is the coalition
+ew4vETcderI-00444-00105200-00105431 with neo-liberalism so with the chinese
+ew4vETcderI-00445-00105432-00105719 case i think it's a bit tricky to define
+ew4vETcderI-00446-00105720-00105983 china as a typical neo-liberal country
+ew4vETcderI-00447-00105983-00106199 because state presence and state
+ew4vETcderI-00448-00106200-00106519 intervention is prevalent i mean it's
+ew4vETcderI-00449-00106520-00106727 almost opposite because state
+ew4vETcderI-00450-00106728-00106886 intervention is
+ew4vETcderI-00451-00106888-00107047 everywhere in every
+ew4vETcderI-00452-00107048-00107239 company in every neighborhood in
+ew4vETcderI-00453-00107240-00107607 everyday life in a way it's
+ew4vETcderI-00454-00107608-00107895 it's strong regulation
+ew4vETcderI-00455-00107896-00108183 economically and socially but in the in
+ew4vETcderI-00456-00108183-00108375 other sense the embrace of global
+ew4vETcderI-00457-00108376-00108590 capitalism also makes chinese society
+ew4vETcderI-00458-00108591-00108799 very much focusing on individual
+ew4vETcderI-00459-00108800-00109158 competition i'm a direct victim that
+ew4vETcderI-00460-00109159-00109399 we our generation thinks we have to have
+ew4vETcderI-00461-00109400-00109631 the best of in everything
+ew4vETcderI-00462-00109632-00109847 and it's all about making
+ew4vETcderI-00463-00109848-00110054 kind of a successful individual
+ew4vETcderI-00464-00110055-00110358 so i stop here thank you very much thank
+ew4vETcderI-00465-00110359-00110919 you so much
+ew4vETcderI-00466-00110920-00111119 i know it's little time but we'll have
+ew4vETcderI-00467-00111120-00111254 more time
+ew4vETcderI-00468-00111255-00111583 afterwards to go dig in deeper into this
+ew4vETcderI-00469-00111583-00111839 um thank you and so we get to you damier
+ew4vETcderI-00470-00111840-00112015 damier is an author activist and
+ew4vETcderI-00471-00112016-00112375 psychoanalyst from tussler bosnia
+ew4vETcderI-00472-00112376-00112654 welcome so much damier and the floor is
+ew4vETcderI-00473-00112655-00112927 yours thank you thank you very much and
+ew4vETcderI-00474-00112928-00113183 welcome everybody
+ew4vETcderI-00475-00113183-00113366 i'll actually have to start
+ew4vETcderI-00476-00113367-00113607 from bosnia and herzegovina currently
+ew4vETcderI-00477-00113608-00113719 being
+ew4vETcderI-00478-00113720-00113958 a typical neoliberal country and
+ew4vETcderI-00479-00113959-00114158 actually maybe at the forefront of
+ew4vETcderI-00480-00114159-00114399 neoliberalism and why is that so because
+ew4vETcderI-00481-00114400-00114583 bosnia and herzegovina currently is
+ew4vETcderI-00482-00114583-00114943 marred by what i call terror of peace
+ew4vETcderI-00483-00114944-00115078 right there is
+ew4vETcderI-00484-00115079-00115383 this false choice being given uh to to
+ew4vETcderI-00485-00115383-00115654 bosnian citizens you either accept
+ew4vETcderI-00486-00115655-00115863 the neoliberal peace agreement
+ew4vETcderI-00487-00115864-00116127 or it's going to be reverting back to
+ew4vETcderI-00488-00116128-00116310 the war
+ew4vETcderI-00489-00116311-00116439 so
+ew4vETcderI-00490-00116440-00116623 this kind of
+ew4vETcderI-00491-00116624-00116766 structure
+ew4vETcderI-00492-00116767-00117054 completely continues the wartime logic
+ew4vETcderI-00493-00117055-00117366 and continues the production of
+ew4vETcderI-00494-00117367-00117815 wasted human lives and and wasted human
+ew4vETcderI-00495-00117816-00118015 relationships but in order for us to
+ew4vETcderI-00496-00118016-00118254 kind of understand
+ew4vETcderI-00497-00118255-00118583 wherein comes this um neoliberal
+ew4vETcderI-00498-00118583-00118831 precept of of it's either this kind of
+ew4vETcderI-00499-00118832-00119102 peace or it's back to uh complete
+ew4vETcderI-00500-00119103-00119302 destruction we have to
+ew4vETcderI-00501-00119303-00119678 completely rewrite and and think a new
+ew4vETcderI-00502-00119679-00119766 um
+ew4vETcderI-00503-00119767-00120047 something that's been a blind spot uh
+ew4vETcderI-00504-00120048-00120286 for political philosophy uh political
+ew4vETcderI-00505-00120288-00120454 theory and that is uh the position of
+ew4vETcderI-00506-00120455-00120639 yugoslavia
+ew4vETcderI-00507-00120640-00120919 why has yugoslavia been a blind spot in
+ew4vETcderI-00508-00120920-00121143 the in the leftist thinking as well
+ew4vETcderI-00509-00121144-00121310 because of two things in particular
+ew4vETcderI-00510-00121311-00121471 yugoslavia
+ew4vETcderI-00511-00121472-00121678 was a very
+ew4vETcderI-00512-00121679-00121958 particular experiment in the abolishment
+ew4vETcderI-00513-00121959-00122158 of private property
+ew4vETcderI-00514-00122159-00122471 and this is something that that i cannot
+ew4vETcderI-00515-00122472-00122758 emphasize enough so yugoslavia produced
+ew4vETcderI-00516-00122759-00123039 a very particular type of social bond in
+ew4vETcderI-00517-00123040-00123239 relation to the socially owned property
+ew4vETcderI-00518-00123240-00123463 that had nothing to do with public
+ew4vETcderI-00519-00123464-00123751 private division it had its own
+ew4vETcderI-00520-00123752-00123927 logical mechanism so
+ew4vETcderI-00521-00123928-00124086 when the war
+ew4vETcderI-00522-00124088-00124334 um when yugoslavia was actually pushed
+ew4vETcderI-00523-00124335-00124599 into into transition into capitalism and
+ew4vETcderI-00524-00124600-00124871 it was um kind of dissolved throughout
+ew4vETcderI-00525-00124872-00125086 the 80s as the result of the global
+ew4vETcderI-00526-00125088-00125358 crisis of capitalism and then
+ew4vETcderI-00527-00125359-00125495 violently
+ew4vETcderI-00528-00125496-00125663 dismembered
+ew4vETcderI-00529-00125664-00125910 in the war and genocide
+ew4vETcderI-00530-00125911-00126039 it was
+ew4vETcderI-00531-00126040-00126295 to achieve only two things
+ew4vETcderI-00532-00126296-00126551 expropriation of society
+ew4vETcderI-00533-00126552-00126807 and expropriation of property
+ew4vETcderI-00534-00126808-00127023 and that's the limit today for any sort
+ew4vETcderI-00535-00127024-00127190 of leftist thinking because we cannot
+ew4vETcderI-00536-00127191-00127358 think about the left unless we think
+ew4vETcderI-00537-00127359-00127495 about the abolishment of private
+ew4vETcderI-00538-00127496-00127807 property everything else
+ew4vETcderI-00539-00127808-00127983 cannot be called
+ew4vETcderI-00540-00127983-00128183 leftist property so today in bosnia and
+ew4vETcderI-00541-00128183-00128343 herzegovina
+ew4vETcderI-00542-00128344-00128527 it is useful for me to think about this
+ew4vETcderI-00543-00128528-00128783 neoliberal peace and the authoritarian
+ew4vETcderI-00544-00128783-00129039 aspects of it in this triad of of
+ew4vETcderI-00545-00129040-00129247 governance models so there is the triad
+ew4vETcderI-00546-00129248-00129351 of
+ew4vETcderI-00547-00129352-00129502 insecurity
+ew4vETcderI-00548-00129503-00129734 poverty and trauma
+ew4vETcderI-00549-00129735-00129966 that's been mobilized to produce very
+ew4vETcderI-00550-00129967-00130166 particular types of subjectivities that
+ew4vETcderI-00551-00130167-00130358 are not only
+ew4vETcderI-00552-00130359-00130647 kind of docile subjects to the market
+ew4vETcderI-00553-00130648-00131023 and are accepting the lowest paid
+ew4vETcderI-00554-00131024-00131351 jobs or are exported as the best workers
+ew4vETcderI-00555-00131352-00131502 to service
+ew4vETcderI-00556-00131503-00131766 american wars for instance in iraq and
+ew4vETcderI-00557-00131767-00131999 afghanistan
+ew4vETcderI-00558-00132000-00132119 but
+ew4vETcderI-00559-00132120-00132399 or they're farmed to germany actually to
+ew4vETcderI-00560-00132400-00132647 come as as cheap labor and you know
+ew4vETcderI-00561-00132648-00132814 leaving leaving the society completely
+ew4vETcderI-00562-00132815-00133078 destitute but more importantly bosnian
+ew4vETcderI-00563-00133079-00133302 heads herzegovina functioning as a very
+ew4vETcderI-00564-00133303-00133471 particular zone of exception being
+ew4vETcderI-00565-00133472-00133766 surrounded by the countries of the eu
+ew4vETcderI-00566-00133767-00134023 is now forced in this new wave of people
+ew4vETcderI-00567-00134024-00134271 on the move and migration to actually
+ew4vETcderI-00568-00134272-00134390 accept
+ew4vETcderI-00569-00134391-00134775 and and house people um and and migrants
+ew4vETcderI-00570-00134776-00134927 uh who are then using bosnia and
+ew4vETcderI-00571-00134928-00135199 herzegovina to try to re-enter the eu
+ew4vETcderI-00572-00135200-00135278 and
+ew4vETcderI-00573-00135279-00135407 um
+ew4vETcderI-00574-00135408-00135495 actually
+ew4vETcderI-00575-00135496-00135719 being also um
+ew4vETcderI-00576-00135720-00135895 exercising solidarity with the people in
+ew4vETcderI-00577-00135896-00136087 the movement they're beaten up at the
+ew4vETcderI-00578-00136088-00136487 borders of the eu and and sent back so
+ew4vETcderI-00579-00136488-00136766 so the the question is
+ew4vETcderI-00580-00136767-00136878 how do we
+ew4vETcderI-00581-00136879-00137151 pierce through this con perpetual
+ew4vETcderI-00582-00137152-00137278 production
+ew4vETcderI-00583-00137279-00137439 of victimhood
+ew4vETcderI-00584-00137440-00137695 traumatized subjectivities
+ew4vETcderI-00585-00137696-00137919 deep impoverishment poverty in bosnia
+ew4vETcderI-00586-00137920-00138151 and hits governor was up until recently
+ew4vETcderI-00587-00138152-00138423 standing at around 30 40 percent
+ew4vETcderI-00588-00138424-00138519 the
+ew4vETcderI-00589-00138520-00138735 unemployment of young people
+ew4vETcderI-00590-00138736-00138943 in particular was you know dropped from
+ew4vETcderI-00591-00138944-00139278 60 percent to around 45 percent so the
+ew4vETcderI-00592-00139279-00139519 figures are very dismal but
+ew4vETcderI-00593-00139520-00139735 rather than actually thinking
+ew4vETcderI-00594-00139736-00139975 why this little country
+ew4vETcderI-00595-00139976-00140111 um
+ew4vETcderI-00596-00140112-00140399 exists you know why is it just a problem
+ew4vETcderI-00597-00140400-00140623 or you know
+ew4vETcderI-00598-00140624-00140831 the kind of recasting the problems in
+ew4vETcderI-00599-00140832-00141071 terms of ethnicity i think it's it's
+ew4vETcderI-00600-00141072-00141302 more interesting to think about it in in
+ew4vETcderI-00601-00141303-00141719 terms of um what kind of neoliberal
+ew4vETcderI-00602-00141720-00141943 models and strategies of governance are
+ew4vETcderI-00603-00141944-00142087 produced and tested in bosnian
+ew4vETcderI-00604-00142088-00142302 herzegovina as the lab
+ew4vETcderI-00605-00142303-00142390 for
+ew4vETcderI-00606-00142391-00142687 for um these kind of new shock doctrines
+ew4vETcderI-00607-00142688-00142854 but also
+ew4vETcderI-00608-00142855-00143111 to recast and think uh
+ew4vETcderI-00609-00143112-00143423 this this um legacy
+ew4vETcderI-00610-00143424-00143551 uh of
+ew4vETcderI-00611-00143552-00143783 of socially owned property and the types
+ew4vETcderI-00612-00143784-00143983 of the embellishment of the private
+ew4vETcderI-00613-00143984-00144175 property that produced
+ew4vETcderI-00614-00144176-00144366 significant effects not only in
+ew4vETcderI-00615-00144367-00144519 yugoslavia but
+ew4vETcderI-00616-00144520-00144799 elsewhere that you know which which led
+ew4vETcderI-00617-00144800-00145047 to the possibility of thinking you know
+ew4vETcderI-00618-00145048-00145271 alternatives to the bipolarity such as
+ew4vETcderI-00619-00145272-00146271 the non-aligned movement etc etc
+ew4vETcderI-00620-00146272-00146495 thank you very much damir for this very
+ew4vETcderI-00621-00146496-00146814 very interesting insights um and so um
+ew4vETcderI-00622-00146815-00147039 too harsh to harsh mender he's an author
+ew4vETcderI-00623-00147040-00147239 and activist
+ew4vETcderI-00624-00147240-00147471 he's currently in berlin residing in
+ew4vETcderI-00625-00147472-00147759 berlin as a robert bosch fellow
+ew4vETcderI-00626-00147760-00148014 at the center and he's also
+ew4vETcderI-00627-00148015-00148278 working still at the center for equity
+ew4vETcderI-00628-00148279-00148583 studies in india welcome harsh and to
+ew4vETcderI-00629-00148584-00148759 you thank you chris
+ew4vETcderI-00630-00148760-00149007 um
+ew4vETcderI-00631-00149008-00149095 so
+ew4vETcderI-00632-00149096-00149359 75 years ago
+ew4vETcderI-00633-00149360-00149678 when india chose just after
+ew4vETcderI-00634-00149679-00150014 cast of its colonial bondage
+ew4vETcderI-00635-00150015-00150199 a chose universal
+ew4vETcderI-00636-00150200-00150414 franchise
+ew4vETcderI-00637-00150415-00150671 it seemed to many an audacious
+ew4vETcderI-00638-00150672-00150911 decision in a country of such immense
+ew4vETcderI-00639-00150912-00151063 poverty and
+ew4vETcderI-00640-00151064-00151439 illiteracy
+ew4vETcderI-00641-00151440-00151759 but not just universal suffrage but also
+ew4vETcderI-00642-00151760-00152031 a country that would be inclusive
+ew4vETcderI-00643-00152032-00152223 egalitarian
+ew4vETcderI-00644-00152224-00152375 where people of every faith every
+ew4vETcderI-00645-00152376-00152583 identity would have equal rights and
+ew4vETcderI-00646-00152584-00152983 equal citizenship
+ew4vETcderI-00647-00152984-00153175 the first decades
+ew4vETcderI-00648-00153176-00153390 there were problems but there was also a
+ew4vETcderI-00649-00153391-00153678 lot of hope
+ew4vETcderI-00650-00153679-00154102 but what we see today is a very fast
+ew4vETcderI-00651-00154103-00154390 very worrying collapse of
+ew4vETcderI-00652-00154391-00154631 of of many of those
+ew4vETcderI-00653-00154632-00154902 or most of those dreams and pledges
+ew4vETcderI-00654-00154903-00155111 uh that were part of our freedom
+ew4vETcderI-00655-00155112-00155223 struggle
+ew4vETcderI-00656-00155224-00155495 uh that was central to our constitution
+ew4vETcderI-00657-00155496-00155743 the rest of the world doesn't seem to be
+ew4vETcderI-00658-00155744-00155999 paying enough attention
+ew4vETcderI-00659-00156000-00156287 but i think we entering
+ew4vETcderI-00660-00156288-00156487 a very dark place
+ew4vETcderI-00661-00156488-00156743 and in just the five minutes i have i'll
+ew4vETcderI-00662-00156744-00156943 try to talk a little bit about what are
+ew4vETcderI-00663-00156944-00157102 the major threats
+ew4vETcderI-00664-00157103-00157326 i liked what you said was in the
+ew4vETcderI-00665-00157327-00157478 beginning that when we talk about
+ew4vETcderI-00666-00157479-00157695 authoritarianism we're not just talking
+ew4vETcderI-00667-00157696-00157863 about
+ew4vETcderI-00668-00157864-00158166 the state but also about a way of life
+ew4vETcderI-00669-00158167-00158366 and i think that is what is
+ew4vETcderI-00670-00158367-00158566 falling apart
+ew4vETcderI-00671-00158567-00158871 one part of it is uh you know which is
+ew4vETcderI-00672-00158872-00159190 very visible is the crushing of descent
+ew4vETcderI-00673-00159191-00159271 and
+ew4vETcderI-00674-00159272-00159687 we're seeing the use of anti-terror laws
+ew4vETcderI-00675-00159688-00159847 for putting away
+ew4vETcderI-00676-00159848-00160014 uh uh
+ew4vETcderI-00677-00160015-00160343 largely young voices but uh others
+ew4vETcderI-00678-00160344-00160575 intellectuals who speak about
+ew4vETcderI-00679-00160576-00160999 equity and uh and secular values
+ew4vETcderI-00680-00161000-00161111 um
+ew4vETcderI-00681-00161112-00161399 and there's uh you know
+ew4vETcderI-00682-00161400-00161487 there's
+ew4vETcderI-00683-00161488-00161663 uh fear
+ew4vETcderI-00684-00161664-00161966 and a rapid uh
+ew4vETcderI-00685-00161967-00162151 kind of
+ew4vETcderI-00686-00162152-00162423 self-censorship of large segments of
+ew4vETcderI-00687-00162424-00162895 civil society academia the media
+ew4vETcderI-00688-00162896-00163087 even political parties
+ew4vETcderI-00689-00163088-00163375 and so that's that's i think
+ew4vETcderI-00690-00163376-00163623 a second and many of us who still try to
+ew4vETcderI-00691-00163624-00163847 raise our voices are charged with all
+ew4vETcderI-00692-00163848-00164095 kinds of crimes
+ew4vETcderI-00693-00164096-00164295 but i think that perhaps the biggest
+ew4vETcderI-00694-00164296-00164471 marker of of
+ew4vETcderI-00695-00164472-00164702 what is falling apart in our country is
+ew4vETcderI-00696-00164703-00164783 the
+ew4vETcderI-00697-00164784-00164951 is the notion of
+ew4vETcderI-00698-00164952-00165111 an egalitarian
+ew4vETcderI-00699-00165112-00165343 solidarity between people of different
+ew4vETcderI-00700-00165344-00165638 faiths and identities and
+ew4vETcderI-00701-00165639-00165831 and we're seeing
+ew4vETcderI-00702-00165832-00166111 most dramatically uh almost the state at
+ew4vETcderI-00703-00166112-00166295 war with its
+ew4vETcderI-00704-00166296-00166551 muslim minorities and we talk about 200
+ew4vETcderI-00705-00166552-00166735 million people
+ew4vETcderI-00706-00166736-00166854 in our country
+ew4vETcderI-00707-00166855-00167054 every day uh
+ew4vETcderI-00708-00167055-00167359 you know there's a mobilization uh
+ew4vETcderI-00709-00167360-00167654 around and uh there's lynching there's
+ew4vETcderI-00710-00167655-00167863 runaway hate speech
+ew4vETcderI-00711-00167864-00168166 there are attacks on the way of life and
+ew4vETcderI-00712-00168167-00168366 why it's also a way of life is that
+ew4vETcderI-00713-00168367-00168719 there's larger and larger segments
+ew4vETcderI-00714-00168720-00168799 of
+ew4vETcderI-00715-00168800-00169023 the majority hindu community which seems
+ew4vETcderI-00716-00169024-00169263 to be supporting
+ew4vETcderI-00717-00169264-00169463 what what is happening
+ew4vETcderI-00718-00169464-00169735 i see many worrying echoes with what
+ew4vETcderI-00719-00169736-00170078 happened in germany in the 1930s uh
+ew4vETcderI-00720-00170079-00170375 leading up to we know what
+ew4vETcderI-00721-00170376-00170614 there's also a war against informal
+ew4vETcderI-00722-00170615-00170719 labor
+ew4vETcderI-00723-00170720-00170823 uh
+ew4vETcderI-00724-00170824-00171031 there it was especially very
+ew4vETcderI-00725-00171032-00171311 dramatically visible during the pandemic
+ew4vETcderI-00726-00171312-00171687 uh where we saw millions of of
+ew4vETcderI-00727-00171688-00171926 of workers uh in fact the largest
+ew4vETcderI-00728-00171927-00172166 probably movement in human history of
+ew4vETcderI-00729-00172167-00172478 distress about 30 million people just
+ew4vETcderI-00730-00172479-00172702 broke
+ew4vETcderI-00731-00172703-00172863 the lock down and
+ew4vETcderI-00732-00172864-00173119 walked hundreds of kilometers
+ew4vETcderI-00733-00173120-00173326 to their homes people dying on the
+ew4vETcderI-00734-00173327-00173511 streets because there was
+ew4vETcderI-00735-00173512-00173790 there was no planning no social security
+ew4vETcderI-00736-00173791-00173926 new liberalism
+ew4vETcderI-00737-00173927-00174231 is you know at a wider sense displaying
+ew4vETcderI-00738-00174232-00174519 uh its its its most worrying face
+ew4vETcderI-00739-00174520-00174599 there's
+ew4vETcderI-00740-00174600-00174823 open chronic capitalism
+ew4vETcderI-00741-00174824-00175143 there's virtually you know
+ew4vETcderI-00742-00175144-00175407 joblessness unemployment at its highest
+ew4vETcderI-00743-00175408-00175511 levels
+ew4vETcderI-00744-00175512-00175847 uh there's uh the state withdrawing from
+ew4vETcderI-00745-00175848-00176214 social provisioning uh or healthcare
+ew4vETcderI-00746-00176215-00176487 eighty percent of india's doctors
+ew4vETcderI-00747-00176488-00176678 incidentally work only for the corporate
+ew4vETcderI-00748-00176679-00177078 sector etc so uh so i see that i i just
+ew4vETcderI-00749-00177079-00177254 uh
+ew4vETcderI-00750-00177255-00177623 all of this is enabled and you know i i
+ew4vETcderI-00751-00177624-00177895 i just in this presentation you know
+ew4vETcderI-00752-00177896-00178166 there are manifestations of the collapse
+ew4vETcderI-00753-00178167-00178407 of india's democracy
+ew4vETcderI-00754-00178408-00178647 how does it how has it happened and i
+ew4vETcderI-00755-00178648-00178902 think all the institutions seem to which
+ew4vETcderI-00756-00178903-00179111 were supposed to
+ew4vETcderI-00757-00179112-00179478 uh hold the executive accountable
+ew4vETcderI-00758-00179479-00179671 seem to have given way
+ew4vETcderI-00759-00179672-00179790 parliament
+ew4vETcderI-00760-00179791-00180063 the opposition is
+ew4vETcderI-00761-00180064-00180359 has has grown very weak
+ew4vETcderI-00762-00180360-00180614 we're seeing less and less of we had
+ew4vETcderI-00763-00180615-00180887 very proud of a higher judiciary
+ew4vETcderI-00764-00180888-00181126 but we are seeing them
+ew4vETcderI-00765-00181127-00181335 not standing up
+ew4vETcderI-00766-00181336-00181454 the media
+ew4vETcderI-00767-00181455-00181775 i must say a line about we're seeing
+ew4vETcderI-00768-00181776-00181926 the media
+ew4vETcderI-00769-00181927-00182038 not only
+ew4vETcderI-00770-00182039-00182271 you know reluctantly silenced but
+ew4vETcderI-00771-00182272-00182495 actually cheerleaders of the hate
+ew4vETcderI-00772-00182496-00182607 campaign
+ew4vETcderI-00773-00182608-00182702 um
+ew4vETcderI-00774-00182703-00182943 much of the media most of the media and
+ew4vETcderI-00775-00182944-00183151 lastly civil society itself and i think
+ew4vETcderI-00776-00183152-00183414 that that was the last
+ew4vETcderI-00777-00183415-00183783 bastion of of of of opposition i you
+ew4vETcderI-00778-00183784-00183911 know we'll talk i think in the next
+ew4vETcderI-00779-00183912-00184031 round about
+ew4vETcderI-00780-00184032-00184247 so uh you know resistance that still
+ew4vETcderI-00781-00184248-00184454 exists but large segments of civil
+ew4vETcderI-00782-00184455-00185143 society have also been silenced
+ew4vETcderI-00783-00185144-00185299 thank you guys
+ew4vETcderI-00784-00185300-00185495 [Applause]
+ew4vETcderI-00785-00185496-00185823 and to you sabrina sabrina is an eco
+ew4vETcderI-00786-00185824-00186054 socialist communicator research
+ew4vETcderI-00787-00186055-00186414 researcher at the university of brasilia
+ew4vETcderI-00788-00186415-00186647 and i should also say that sabrina is
+ew4vETcderI-00789-00186648-00186838 part of the research group on
+ew4vETcderI-00790-00186839-00187014 authoritarianism and counter strategies
+ew4vETcderI-00791-00187015-00187214 so welcome again
+ew4vETcderI-00792-00187215-00187543 to you
+ew4vETcderI-00793-00187544-00187847 hello good um thank you and it's an
+ew4vETcderI-00794-00187848-00188007 honor to be here representing my
+ew4vETcderI-00795-00188008-00188238 colleagues too from urgex so thank you
+ew4vETcderI-00796-00188239-00188447 all for being such an amazing research
+ew4vETcderI-00797-00188448-00188726 group for the past years um
+ew4vETcderI-00798-00188727-00188911 so within these five minutes i just i
+ew4vETcderI-00799-00188912-00189054 wanted to pinpoint a couple of things
+ew4vETcderI-00800-00189055-00189199 that i think are quite important to
+ew4vETcderI-00801-00189200-00189423 understand like these new wave of
+ew4vETcderI-00802-00189424-00189678 authoritarian governments actors and
+ew4vETcderI-00803-00189679-00189895 discourses that we have in society today
+ew4vETcderI-00804-00189896-00190159 that we actually see in terms of like a
+ew4vETcderI-00805-00190160-00190335 lot of parallels in the global north in
+ew4vETcderI-00806-00190336-00190550 the global south um
+ew4vETcderI-00807-00190551-00190775 obviously the political economy is quite
+ew4vETcderI-00808-00190776-00190990 different um the geopolitical
+ew4vETcderI-00809-00190991-00191238 implications are quite different but we
+ew4vETcderI-00810-00191239-00191454 also know that there are actors that are
+ew4vETcderI-00811-00191455-00191790 boring from others uh in foreign states
+ew4vETcderI-00812-00191791-00191975 we know there are interventions taking
+ew4vETcderI-00813-00191976-00192143 place as well so it's important to try
+ew4vETcderI-00814-00192144-00192319 to um
+ew4vETcderI-00815-00192320-00192502 understand these parallels a little one
+ew4vETcderI-00816-00192503-00192735 thing that has become quite clear for us
+ew4vETcderI-00817-00192736-00192943 over the past years is that a lot of
+ew4vETcderI-00818-00192944-00193223 these news new actors they well they
+ew4vETcderI-00819-00193224-00193487 come in with authoritarian ideas
+ew4vETcderI-00820-00193488-00193678 they want to have authority and
+ew4vETcderI-00821-00193679-00193990 practices but they might get elected in
+ew4vETcderI-00822-00193991-00194302 you know a democratic system obviously
+ew4vETcderI-00823-00194303-00194526 we will have to
+ew4vETcderI-00824-00194527-00194719 bring in open a little bracket here and
+ew4vETcderI-00825-00194720-00194919 say that for example if we have a lot of
+ew4vETcderI-00826-00194920-00195247 fake news and we if we have these um
+ew4vETcderI-00827-00195248-00195502 system mainly used through the internet
+ew4vETcderI-00828-00195503-00195735 to take away the credit credibility of
+ew4vETcderI-00829-00195736-00195966 elections and things like that we might
+ew4vETcderI-00830-00195967-00196263 say well maybe it's not that democratic
+ew4vETcderI-00831-00196264-00196431 but there's the appearance is there
+ew4vETcderI-00832-00196432-00196695 right so for example bolsonaro in brazil
+ew4vETcderI-00833-00196696-00196959 um as bad as he is a lot of his
+ew4vETcderI-00834-00196960-00197143 supporters just say well but we voted
+ew4vETcderI-00835-00197144-00197335 for him the majority of brazilians voted
+ew4vETcderI-00836-00197336-00197631 for him so that brings legitimacy and to
+ew4vETcderI-00837-00197632-00197799 understand that we need to understand
+ew4vETcderI-00838-00197800-00197887 that
+ew4vETcderI-00839-00197888-00198087 these guys have managed to
+ew4vETcderI-00840-00198088-00198343 present themselves as anti-systemic when
+ew4vETcderI-00841-00198344-00198719 a lot of the left forgot how to do it
+ew4vETcderI-00842-00198720-00198926 perhaps because of infighting because of
+ew4vETcderI-00843-00198927-00199038 fragmentation
+ew4vETcderI-00844-00199039-00199231 within the left itself
+ew4vETcderI-00845-00199232-00199526 or just because they thought that well
+ew4vETcderI-00846-00199527-00199702 we heard that thing about there is no
+ew4vETcderI-00847-00199703-00199895 alternative like in the beginning of the
+ew4vETcderI-00848-00199896-00200126 90s and so there is no alternative so
+ew4vETcderI-00849-00200127-00200423 we'll just keep playing along with this
+ew4vETcderI-00850-00200424-00200687 and then there comes like the far right
+ew4vETcderI-00851-00200688-00200847 and they say no there is an alternative
+ew4vETcderI-00852-00200848-00200990 and it's us
+ew4vETcderI-00853-00200991-00201214 um and obviously that's a huge lie
+ew4vETcderI-00854-00201215-00201359 because what they're doing is not
+ew4vETcderI-00855-00201360-00201502 providing an alternative but they're
+ew4vETcderI-00856-00201503-00201783 deepening the problems that we already
+ew4vETcderI-00857-00201784-00202014 see in this system to the point that you
+ew4vETcderI-00858-00202015-00202214 get to to um
+ew4vETcderI-00859-00202215-00202423 a fascist outcome
+ew4vETcderI-00860-00202424-00202590 something else that they use like i
+ew4vETcderI-00861-00202591-00202847 mentioned fake news um a whole range of
+ew4vETcderI-00862-00202848-00203126 denialism so we see scientific denialism
+ew4vETcderI-00863-00203127-00203326 that could be in terms of the pandemic
+ew4vETcderI-00864-00203327-00203590 in terms of climate change for example
+ew4vETcderI-00865-00203591-00203863 but even in the way that things work so
+ew4vETcderI-00866-00203864-00204278 coming back to the point of elections um
+ew4vETcderI-00867-00204279-00204487 again in brazil but we saw this with
+ew4vETcderI-00868-00204488-00204654 trump in the united states as well
+ew4vETcderI-00869-00204655-00204934 looking into how the ballot box system
+ew4vETcderI-00870-00204935-00205110 works and saying well this is not fair
+ew4vETcderI-00871-00205111-00205319 so we're going to promote
+ew4vETcderI-00872-00205319-00205551 these big distrust in society and say
+ew4vETcderI-00873-00205552-00205751 well this is not working so we need
+ew4vETcderI-00874-00205752-00206086 recount or bolsonaro was trying to um
+ew4vETcderI-00875-00206087-00206310 bring back paper ballots instead of the
+ew4vETcderI-00876-00206311-00206510 um electronic ballot that we have in
+ew4vETcderI-00877-00206511-00206742 brazil because of this because it was a
+ew4vETcderI-00878-00206744-00206966 way of saying wow we're we're promoting
+ew4vETcderI-00879-00206967-00207127 this denialism
+ew4vETcderI-00880-00207128-00207351 around how the system works even though
+ew4vETcderI-00881-00207352-00207646 the legislative um for example the
+ew4vETcderI-00882-00207648-00207814 people in congress who were with
+ew4vETcderI-00883-00207815-00207982 bolsonaro in this they got elected
+ew4vETcderI-00884-00207983-00208110 through that system
+ew4vETcderI-00885-00208111-00208294 so it creates this huge confusion
+ew4vETcderI-00886-00208296-00208503 because it is democratic when we win but
+ew4vETcderI-00887-00208504-00208855 it's not democratic when we lose and
+ew4vETcderI-00888-00208856-00209046 that's because it's not just about the
+ew4vETcderI-00889-00209048-00209334 denialism and the fake news is about a
+ew4vETcderI-00890-00209335-00209438 severe
+ew4vETcderI-00891-00209439-00209734 state of deep politicization where you
+ew4vETcderI-00892-00209735-00209910 mess up with the meanings of things and
+ew4vETcderI-00893-00209911-00210079 yuyun was talking a little bit about
+ew4vETcderI-00894-00210080-00210327 this so we also have this case um you
+ew4vETcderI-00895-00210328-00210494 know with the far right doing this you
+ew4vETcderI-00896-00210496-00210703 know changing the meaning of democracy
+ew4vETcderI-00897-00210704-00210871 when people were saying that they were
+ew4vETcderI-00898-00210871-00211151 democratically asking for the military
+ew4vETcderI-00899-00211152-00211534 to take over uh or that well we want the
+ew4vETcderI-00900-00211535-00211694 intervention society like in the
+ew4vETcderI-00901-00211696-00211879 military dictatorship in brazil there
+ew4vETcderI-00902-00211880-00212023 was um
+ew4vETcderI-00903-00212023-00212198 some particular interventions from the
+ew4vETcderI-00904-00212200-00212431 dictatorship and one of them was was the
+ew4vETcderI-00905-00212432-00212734 ai5 and there were people on the streets
+ew4vETcderI-00906-00212735-00213031 in brazil asking for the ai5 to be back
+ew4vETcderI-00907-00213032-00213206 which was a huge state of like
+ew4vETcderI-00908-00213207-00213463 persecuting people censorship putting
+ew4vETcderI-00909-00213464-00213742 people in jail criminalizing general uh
+ew4vETcderI-00910-00213744-00213934 that has happened in terms of when we're
+ew4vETcderI-00911-00213935-00214167 talking about freedom and human rights
+ew4vETcderI-00912-00214167-00214375 as well in the sense of saying about
+ew4vETcderI-00913-00214376-00214687 human rights for the right humans so
+ew4vETcderI-00914-00214688-00214919 this is obviously a very like racist
+ew4vETcderI-00915-00214919-00215151 fascist tendency and it comes with a lot
+ew4vETcderI-00916-00215152-00215351 of conservatism as well which is another
+ew4vETcderI-00917-00215352-00215527 point that we need to emphasize because
+ew4vETcderI-00918-00215528-00215751 authoritarianism is really going after
+ew4vETcderI-00919-00215752-00216063 the rights of women lgbtq people people
+ew4vETcderI-00920-00216064-00216351 with disabilities uh and appropriating
+ew4vETcderI-00921-00216352-00216582 territory of like traditional black
+ew4vETcderI-00922-00216583-00216767 former slave communities indigenous
+ew4vETcderI-00923-00216767-00216982 communities this is all very much
+ew4vETcderI-00924-00216983-00217198 present and then there's a role of the
+ew4vETcderI-00925-00217200-00217327 internet and
+ew4vETcderI-00926-00217328-00217575 the internet in this making things go a
+ew4vETcderI-00927-00217576-00217839 lot faster so this presents us with a
+ew4vETcderI-00928-00217840-00218071 particular challenge
+ew4vETcderI-00929-00218071-00218342 uh that we have this job of like
+ew4vETcderI-00930-00218344-00218687 identifying these actors tendencies
+ew4vETcderI-00931-00218688-00218831 narratives
+ew4vETcderI-00932-00218832-00219031 particular discourses and governments
+ew4vETcderI-00933-00219032-00219287 because as we have found out
+ew4vETcderI-00934-00219288-00219542 authoritarianism comes in many ways
+ew4vETcderI-00935-00219544-00219727 so it's not that strict it's not always
+ew4vETcderI-00936-00219728-00220023 that easy to pinpoint um but when we do
+ew4vETcderI-00937-00220023-00220175 that it's not enough to just analyze
+ew4vETcderI-00938-00220176-00220406 them we need to ask like who's gaining
+ew4vETcderI-00939-00220407-00220591 with this who's actually gaining with
+ew4vETcderI-00940-00220592-00220839 this and when we ask that question we go
+ew4vETcderI-00941-00220840-00221103 back to the political economy point and
+ew4vETcderI-00942-00221104-00221294 then we find out that well a lot of
+ew4vETcderI-00943-00221296-00221431 people who are gaining with this are the
+ew4vETcderI-00944-00221432-00221598 same people from before that sometimes
+ew4vETcderI-00945-00221600-00221855 position themselves as liberal and
+ew4vETcderI-00946-00221856-00222006 non-authoritarian
+ew4vETcderI-00947-00222007-00222223 because how convenient is it when you
+ew4vETcderI-00948-00222223-00222446 have you know these people like pushing
+ew4vETcderI-00949-00222448-00222615 things should like the very far right
+ew4vETcderI-00950-00222616-00222798 and get it so bad and then you say see
+ew4vETcderI-00951-00222800-00222951 this is why you need to come back to the
+ew4vETcderI-00952-00222952-00223215 center and you need more moderation and
+ew4vETcderI-00953-00223216-00223463 then we get stuck in this cycle forever
+ew4vETcderI-00954-00223464-00223631 that we go back to there is no
+ew4vETcderI-00955-00223632-00224039 alternative we normalize the cycle so we
+ew4vETcderI-00956-00224040-00224127 keep
+ew4vETcderI-00957-00224128-00224351 we keep just on one side of things and
+ew4vETcderI-00958-00224352-00224542 in that way it gets rid of our radical
+ew4vETcderI-00959-00224544-00224775 imagination i think this is one of the
+ew4vETcderI-00960-00224776-00224958 worst outcomes that we have had like in
+ew4vETcderI-00961-00224959-00225734 the past years
+ew4vETcderI-00962-00225735-00226015 thank you sabrina you managed to mention
+ew4vETcderI-00963-00226016-00226310 so many topics in such a short time i'm
+ew4vETcderI-00964-00226311-00226615 [Laughter]
+ew4vETcderI-00965-00226616-00226942 fantastic so um to you eva eva's
+ew4vETcderI-00966-00226944-00227255 philosopher researcher and writer
+ew4vETcderI-00967-00227256-00227646 from germany uh living close by berlin i
+ew4vETcderI-00968-00227648-00227879 think so welcome eva
+ew4vETcderI-00969-00227880-00228151 thank you i'm so humbled and excited to
+ew4vETcderI-00970-00228152-00228342 be on this panel and thank you all for
+ew4vETcderI-00971-00228344-00228575 for showing up as well it's amazing
+ew4vETcderI-00972-00228576-00228751 um
+ew4vETcderI-00973-00228752-00228967 i think one great thing of this research
+ew4vETcderI-00974-00228967-00229206 project of yours as far as i've
+ew4vETcderI-00975-00229207-00229382 followed it is that it also pays a lot
+ew4vETcderI-00976-00229383-00229534 of attention on the
+ew4vETcderI-00977-00229535-00229694 kind of effective
+ew4vETcderI-00978-00229696-00229839 dynamic and
+ew4vETcderI-00979-00229840-00230055 the kind of drives behind the death
+ew4vETcderI-00980-00230056-00230279 drives maybe behind authoritarianism and
+ew4vETcderI-00981-00230280-00230510 i actually mostly want to just make one
+ew4vETcderI-00982-00230511-00230767 little observation on a certain
+ew4vETcderI-00983-00230767-00231023 effective stance that i think
+ew4vETcderI-00984-00231023-00231327 is shared by a lot of authoritarian
+ew4vETcderI-00985-00231328-00231567 movements around the world though we
+ew4vETcderI-00986-00231567-00231782 should discuss that and i will only
+ew4vETcderI-00987-00231783-00232039 speak about a few instances from my very
+ew4vETcderI-00988-00232040-00232206 local and maybe even idiosyncratic
+ew4vETcderI-00989-00232207-00232375 context because that's that's where i
+ew4vETcderI-00990-00232376-00232463 observe
+ew4vETcderI-00991-00232464-00232775 at best and the stance that i'm
+ew4vETcderI-00992-00232776-00233055 i mean is something i call the defense
+ew4vETcderI-00993-00233056-00233303 of phantom possession and it's a kind of
+ew4vETcderI-00994-00233304-00233598 frenzied possessiveness that to me seems
+ew4vETcderI-00995-00233600-00233882 to be at the center of a lot of
+ew4vETcderI-00996-00233883-00234055 authoritarian
+ew4vETcderI-00997-00234056-00234367 desire one should say
+ew4vETcderI-00998-00234367-00234606 even though that possessiveness doesn't
+ew4vETcderI-00999-00234607-00234742 come anymore with the promise of
+ew4vETcderI-01000-00234744-00234991 participating in the riches it's not a
+ew4vETcderI-01001-00234992-00235127 kind of
+ew4vETcderI-01002-00235128-00235282 future-oriented capitalist
+ew4vETcderI-01003-00235283-00235431 possessiveness actually that
+ew4vETcderI-01004-00235432-00235582 possessiveness i think comes more with
+ew4vETcderI-01005-00235583-00235703 the promise of
+ew4vETcderI-01006-00235704-00235806 getting
+ew4vETcderI-01007-00235807-00236158 priority access to the destruction
+ew4vETcderI-01008-00236159-00236342 and so
+ew4vETcderI-01009-00236344-00236694 when i came here today um on the train
+ew4vETcderI-01010-00236696-00236979 on the through the slowly
+ew4vETcderI-01011-00236980-00237263 decertifying um brandenburg so it has
+ew4vETcderI-01012-00237264-00237439 rained for the first time in seven weeks
+ew4vETcderI-01013-00237440-00237727 but we like it is like literally slowly
+ew4vETcderI-01014-00237728-00237991 turning into a desert this countryside
+ew4vETcderI-01015-00237992-00238079 um
+ew4vETcderI-01016-00238080-00238319 i thought about the different
+ew4vETcderI-01017-00238319-00238494 versions of
+ew4vETcderI-01018-00238496-00238798 authoritarianism and fascism that i
+ew4vETcderI-01019-00238800-00239087 observe back there where i live where
+ew4vETcderI-01020-00239088-00239334 actually i mean anyway of course queer
+ew4vETcderI-01021-00239335-00239591 communists but every even moderate green
+ew4vETcderI-01022-00239592-00239806 liberal lefty is in the minority and
+ew4vETcderI-01023-00239807-00239934 that's an interesting experience it's an
+ew4vETcderI-01024-00239935-00240055 experience you don't really make in
+ew4vETcderI-01025-00240056-00240223 berlin but that we make out there right
+ew4vETcderI-01026-00240223-00240455 you have to cohabit with fascists and
+ew4vETcderI-01027-00240456-00240751 they are like we just had a last week
+ew4vETcderI-01028-00240752-00240903 regional election
+ew4vETcderI-01029-00240904-00241142 all the bourgeois parties like went for
+ew4vETcderI-01030-00241144-00241375 one social democratic candidate from the
+ew4vETcderI-01031-00241376-00241646 city to the linker
+ew4vETcderI-01032-00241648-00241879 that he won by 60
+ew4vETcderI-01033-00241880-00242087 but there were over 30 percent for three
+ew4vETcderI-01034-00242088-00242358 different nazi parties so the fd which
+ew4vETcderI-01035-00242359-00242503 we have in germany as the right-wing
+ew4vETcderI-01036-00242504-00242742 party had a good turnout 11 but there
+ew4vETcderI-01037-00242744-00242927 were two more radical nazis there was
+ew4vETcderI-01038-00242928-00243151 one who's just a kind of anti-coroner
+ew4vETcderI-01039-00243152-00243342 conspiracy theorist and then there was
+ew4vETcderI-01040-00243344-00243598 one guy who um got eight percent of the
+ew4vETcderI-01041-00243600-00243846 vote who quit the npd which is our
+ew4vETcderI-01042-00243848-00243998 neo-nazi party because it's not
+ew4vETcderI-01043-00244000-00244215 right-wing enough so
+ew4vETcderI-01044-00244216-00244455 tempers almost 10 of my neighbors who do
+ew4vETcderI-01045-00244456-00244655 vote voted for that guy so that's that's
+ew4vETcderI-01046-00244656-00244815 the situation right
+ew4vETcderI-01047-00244816-00245142 and when observing
+ew4vETcderI-01048-00245144-00245310 the attitudes there i think one thing
+ew4vETcderI-01049-00245311-00245503 that's very clear about contemporary
+ew4vETcderI-01050-00245504-00245767 fascism on nazism as opposed to the kind
+ew4vETcderI-01051-00245767-00245958 of past
+ew4vETcderI-01052-00245959-00246182 european 30s fascism
+ew4vETcderI-01053-00246183-00246263 is
+ew4vETcderI-01054-00246264-00246703 the post-neo-liberal individualism so
+ew4vETcderI-01055-00246704-00246879 the cars are of course a very important
+ew4vETcderI-01056-00246880-00247198 expressive um tool for nazis so they
+ew4vETcderI-01057-00247200-00247358 always have the the slogans on their
+ew4vETcderI-01058-00247359-00247567 cars one slogan
+ew4vETcderI-01059-00247567-00247863 in the village next door is my life my
+ew4vETcderI-01060-00247864-00248079 rules that could have been a left-wing
+ew4vETcderI-01061-00248080-00248303 attitude right but that's now at the
+ew4vETcderI-01062-00248304-00248646 core of the the right-wing pride of the
+ew4vETcderI-01063-00248648-00248967 white pride of the the neo-nazis
+ew4vETcderI-01064-00248967-00249182 um
+ew4vETcderI-01065-00249183-00249463 it's funny though because they don't
+ew4vETcderI-01066-00249464-00249558 really
+ew4vETcderI-01067-00249559-00249671 like
+ew4vETcderI-01068-00249671-00249855 they don't really have much that they
+ew4vETcderI-01069-00249856-00250046 can rule over in their lives of course
+ew4vETcderI-01070-00250048-00250230 this is a very destitute area it's a
+ew4vETcderI-01071-00250231-00250463 kind of the hinterland of berlin but
+ew4vETcderI-01072-00250464-00250646 there seems to be in that right-wing
+ew4vETcderI-01073-00250648-00250951 project a promise to a certain
+ew4vETcderI-01074-00250952-00251175 kind of superiority or glory that you
+ew4vETcderI-01075-00251176-00251503 wouldn't otherwise like have and so so
+ew4vETcderI-01076-00251504-00251703 what what is that even right what what
+ew4vETcderI-01077-00251704-00251903 is that um
+ew4vETcderI-01078-00251904-00252023 that
+ew4vETcderI-01079-00252023-00252294 possession that they have and i think it
+ew4vETcderI-01080-00252296-00252487 becomes most clear also in the
+ew4vETcderI-01081-00252488-00252663 confrontation with the very little left
+ew4vETcderI-01082-00252664-00252910 resistance that there is so
+ew4vETcderI-01083-00252911-00253015 the other thing that happened
+ew4vETcderI-01084-00253016-00253303 politically last week there is that a
+ew4vETcderI-01085-00253304-00253503 tiny forest occupation that doesn't
+ew4vETcderI-01086-00253504-00253758 really really make it in the
+ew4vETcderI-01087-00253759-00253903 globe like
+ew4vETcderI-01088-00253904-00254151 news in germany at the moment
+ew4vETcderI-01089-00254152-00254423 in zfeld and the altmark i mean it's
+ew4vETcderI-01090-00254423-00254615 like a few people living in forests to
+ew4vETcderI-01091-00254616-00254823 block a motorway
+ew4vETcderI-01092-00254823-00255055 they um and they know already that it's
+ew4vETcderI-01093-00255056-00255246 not gonna work so that it's clear that
+ew4vETcderI-01094-00255248-00255398 the motorway they've lost all the
+ew4vETcderI-01095-00255400-00255703 lawsuits the motorway will be built
+ew4vETcderI-01096-00255704-00256006 and also the motorway is proven by all
+ew4vETcderI-01097-00256007-00256182 the planning and bureaus to not be
+ew4vETcderI-01098-00256183-00256463 necessary for anyone because the um the
+ew4vETcderI-01099-00256464-00256630 traffic there has halved over the last
+ew4vETcderI-01100-00256631-00256830 years i mean it's such an empty area you
+ew4vETcderI-01101-00256831-00257039 don't even need a street but there is
+ew4vETcderI-01102-00257040-00257294 one big military training area which
+ew4vETcderI-01103-00257296-00257551 needs the um the infrastructure and
+ew4vETcderI-01104-00257552-00257791 they're gonna build an amazon warehouse
+ew4vETcderI-01105-00257792-00257903 there
+ew4vETcderI-01106-00257904-00258063 because the labor is cheapest and they
+ew4vETcderI-01107-00258064-00258287 need the infrastructure so
+ew4vETcderI-01108-00258288-00258598 and it's not only the state with the
+ew4vETcderI-01109-00258600-00258839 police force that is kind of boxing
+ew4vETcderI-01110-00258840-00259023 through this project of building that
+ew4vETcderI-01111-00259023-00259198 motorway through the forest against the
+ew4vETcderI-01112-00259200-00259430 activist resistance it's also the local
+ew4vETcderI-01113-00259431-00259591 fascist so
+ew4vETcderI-01114-00259592-00259998 they go there and attack the um the left
+ew4vETcderI-01115-00260000-00260215 encampment
+ew4vETcderI-01116-00260216-00260327 in a way
+ew4vETcderI-01117-00260328-00260646 saying that their forest their heimat
+ew4vETcderI-01118-00260648-00260967 should rather be destroyed than defined
+ew4vETcderI-01119-00260967-00261246 as a future regenerative ecological
+ew4vETcderI-01120-00261248-00261487 space by the left and
+ew4vETcderI-01121-00261488-00261719 one interesting thing is that in this
+ew4vETcderI-01122-00261719-00261919 in those neo-nazi attacks of course the
+ew4vETcderI-01123-00261919-00262103 police always had the role of down
+ew4vETcderI-01124-00262104-00262295 playing it so several times um they
+ew4vETcderI-01125-00262296-00262479 tried to set fire on the incumbent and
+ew4vETcderI-01126-00262480-00262615 then the police always said oh no you
+ew4vETcderI-01127-00262616-00262806 were not careful enough with with your
+ew4vETcderI-01128-00262807-00263071 your own like whatever toaster and then
+ew4vETcderI-01129-00263072-00263463 eventually the neo-nazis there made a
+ew4vETcderI-01130-00263464-00263703 whole video of their attack but one of
+ew4vETcderI-01131-00263704-00263958 them was wearing a ku klux klan outfit
+ew4vETcderI-01132-00263959-00264199 so and shooting with a gotcha gun onto
+ew4vETcderI-01133-00264200-00264358 the activist and then that got the
+ew4vETcderI-01134-00264359-00264534 police kind of involved
+ew4vETcderI-01135-00264535-00264767 saying that oh here's a problem
+ew4vETcderI-01136-00264768-00264903 and while they were in the camp saying
+ew4vETcderI-01137-00264904-00265182 that oh actually you need to evacuate
+ew4vETcderI-01138-00265183-00265399 the camp because your houses aren't safe
+ew4vETcderI-01139-00265400-00265510 so
+ew4vETcderI-01140-00265511-00265703 they then thought the safety of the
+ew4vETcderI-01141-00265704-00265855 activists was
+ew4vETcderI-01142-00265856-00266087 like endangered by their own structures
+ew4vETcderI-01143-00266088-00266255 and not by the nazis who were trying to
+ew4vETcderI-01144-00266256-00266479 set fire on those structures so that's
+ew4vETcderI-01145-00266480-00266703 that's a bit that kind of landscape
+ew4vETcderI-01146-00266704-00266910 there where you have a as almost like a
+ew4vETcderI-01147-00266911-00267191 militia alongside the police
+ew4vETcderI-01148-00267192-00267334 and what do they do
+ew4vETcderI-01149-00267335-00267430 they
+ew4vETcderI-01150-00267431-00267543 help
+ew4vETcderI-01151-00267544-00267655 implement
+ew4vETcderI-01152-00267656-00267879 the extractivism and the ecological
+ew4vETcderI-01153-00267880-00268095 destruction of the region they are
+ew4vETcderI-01154-00268096-00268399 mostly not even going to gain and i mean
+ew4vETcderI-01155-00268400-00268582 even getting a job in amazon warehouse
+ew4vETcderI-01156-00268583-00268791 isn't much of a gain but
+ew4vETcderI-01157-00268792-00269158 they have a fantasy of participating
+ew4vETcderI-01158-00269159-00269439 in that status of the one who can
+ew4vETcderI-01159-00269440-00269647 dispose over
+ew4vETcderI-01160-00269648-00269855 over those resources over that domain
+ew4vETcderI-01161-00269856-00269975 and
+ew4vETcderI-01162-00269976-00270263 even though i now spoke mostly about the
+ew4vETcderI-01163-00270264-00270447 people in that region who are real
+ew4vETcderI-01164-00270448-00270606 have-nots
+ew4vETcderI-01165-00270607-00270855 that attitude that
+ew4vETcderI-01166-00270856-00271047 you should have a kind of total
+ew4vETcderI-01167-00271048-00271479 sovereignty or kind of right to
+ew4vETcderI-01168-00271480-00271719 exert violence in a certain area is
+ew4vETcderI-01169-00271720-00272103 something that i also encounter
+ew4vETcderI-01170-00272104-00272367 when i take that train into berlin
+ew4vETcderI-01171-00272368-00272503 institutions
+ew4vETcderI-01172-00272504-00272630 in a
+ew4vETcderI-01173-00272631-00272775 much more
+ew4vETcderI-01174-00272776-00273215 kind of distinguished bourgeois guys so
+ew4vETcderI-01175-00273216-00273391 one way in which there is a huge
+ew4vETcderI-01176-00273392-00273575 alliance in germany between the kind of
+ew4vETcderI-01177-00273576-00273782 neo-nazi discourse and
+ew4vETcderI-01178-00273783-00273927 respectable
+ew4vETcderI-01179-00273928-00274095 bourgeois discourse especially at the
+ew4vETcderI-01180-00274096-00274358 university is that the total
+ew4vETcderI-01181-00274359-00274591 hatred against all things to do with
+ew4vETcderI-01182-00274592-00274903 gender and feminism and so if you try as
+ew4vETcderI-01183-00274904-00275087 i have for some years when i was taking
+ew4vETcderI-01184-00275088-00275303 that train back and forth to bring any
+ew4vETcderI-01185-00275304-00275558 type of proper feminism into a german
+ew4vETcderI-01186-00275559-00275839 philosophy department then you can see
+ew4vETcderI-01187-00275840-00276047 how again there is some kind of real
+ew4vETcderI-01188-00276048-00276319 like you you you just you as if you've
+ew4vETcderI-01189-00276320-00276510 broken through a fence into somebody's
+ew4vETcderI-01190-00276511-00276695 possession right and the department
+ew4vETcderI-01191-00276696-00276967 where i was working there was um
+ew4vETcderI-01192-00276968-00277199 an initiative so there was a colleague
+ew4vETcderI-01193-00277200-00277495 not in our department um who has said
+ew4vETcderI-01194-00277496-00277695 lots of fascist things invited fascists
+ew4vETcderI-01195-00277696-00277967 to speak and then um was called the
+ew4vETcderI-01196-00277968-00278175 fascist by the students upon which the
+ew4vETcderI-01197-00278176-00278375 other philosophers discussed that one
+ew4vETcderI-01198-00278376-00278519 should have a petition to defend that
+ew4vETcderI-01199-00278520-00278710 poor guy's freedom of speech because it
+ew4vETcderI-01200-00278711-00278919 was kind of curtailed by him being
+ew4vETcderI-01201-00278920-00279151 called the fascist so you have this
+ew4vETcderI-01202-00279152-00279303 massive
+ew4vETcderI-01203-00279304-00279463 individual
+ew4vETcderI-01204-00279464-00279710 fantasy of being allowed to do something
+ew4vETcderI-01205-00279711-00279951 destructive it's not even to make a
+ew4vETcderI-01206-00279952-00280182 career or be like it's like just to use
+ew4vETcderI-01207-00280183-00280295 your
+ew4vETcderI-01208-00280296-00280543 standard philosophy to talk down certain
+ew4vETcderI-01209-00280544-00280671 groups and
+ew4vETcderI-01210-00280672-00280919 i think if we
+ew4vETcderI-01211-00280920-00281119 want to patch together a bigger picture
+ew4vETcderI-01212-00281120-00281287 of authoritarianism today then i think
+ew4vETcderI-01213-00281288-00281471 one of the currencies is
+ew4vETcderI-01214-00281472-00281782 the the linking of those individual
+ew4vETcderI-01215-00281783-00282079 domains in which you can like
+ew4vETcderI-01216-00282080-00282303 enjoy destruction
+ew4vETcderI-01217-00282304-00282567 while continuing to deny that of course
+ew4vETcderI-01218-00282568-00282815 continuing fossil capitalism as we do in
+ew4vETcderI-01219-00282816-00283110 neoliberalism just means destroying the
+ew4vETcderI-01220-00283111-00283303 whole future horizon of life right and
+ew4vETcderI-01221-00283304-00283503 if you accept that as a reality to which
+ew4vETcderI-01222-00283504-00283703 there is no alternative then the best
+ew4vETcderI-01223-00283704-00283895 bet you can get is that at least you
+ew4vETcderI-01224-00283896-00284039 have your share
+ew4vETcderI-01225-00284040-00284254 of that destruction and nobody else can
+ew4vETcderI-01226-00284255-00284454 intervene with that and i think
+ew4vETcderI-01227-00284455-00284630 one one big difference of course is
+ew4vETcderI-01228-00284631-00284782 whether that really is always an
+ew4vETcderI-01229-00284783-00284991 individual project or
+ew4vETcderI-01230-00284992-00285143 whether that's a collective project
+ew4vETcderI-01231-00285144-00285367 right so for instance the eurasian
+ew4vETcderI-01232-00285368-00285639 ideology driving putin's imperialism is
+ew4vETcderI-01233-00285640-00285799 a collective fund phantom possession and
+ew4vETcderI-01234-00285800-00286047 some of the fascism of the 30s also had
+ew4vETcderI-01235-00286048-00286279 like collective nationalist phantom
+ew4vETcderI-01236-00286280-00286447 possession of owning something together
+ew4vETcderI-01237-00286448-00286727 whereas the context that i now mentioned
+ew4vETcderI-01238-00286728-00286967 with the brentenbergian neo-nazi scene
+ew4vETcderI-01239-00286968-00287167 and the german or the berlinian
+ew4vETcderI-01240-00287168-00287343 philosophy scene
+ew4vETcderI-01241-00287344-00287575 they have more this individual drive to
+ew4vETcderI-01242-00287576-00287854 defend one's fantasmatic entitlement
+ew4vETcderI-01243-00287855-00287967 against
+ew4vETcderI-01244-00287968-00288087 all things
+ew4vETcderI-01245-00288088-00288319 left and future oriented and tender and
+ew4vETcderI-01246-00288320-00289103 non-destructive
+ew4vETcderI-01247-00289104-00289343 thank you thank you for all your your
+ew4vETcderI-01248-00289344-00289623 your insights your thoughts um and which
+ew4vETcderI-01249-00289624-00289847 were i found very all very very
+ew4vETcderI-01250-00289848-00290023 interesting and i think um also like
+ew4vETcderI-01251-00290024-00290295 when we hear it we are
+ew4vETcderI-01252-00290296-00290463 me at least maybe it's not happening to
+ew4vETcderI-01253-00290464-00290654 all of us but we are left with the with
+ew4vETcderI-01254-00290655-00290958 we see like these family resemblances
+ew4vETcderI-01255-00290959-00291215 and these similarities and at the same
+ew4vETcderI-01256-00291216-00291503 time um it's also like it's it seems to
+ew4vETcderI-01257-00291504-00291647 come like from
+ew4vETcderI-01258-00291648-00291863 many different contexts and it's always
+ew4vETcderI-01259-00291864-00292127 and this is the problem about discussing
+ew4vETcderI-01260-00292128-00292415 global globalized authoritarianism like
+ew4vETcderI-01261-00292416-00292695 how do we conceptualize how do we think
+ew4vETcderI-01262-00292696-00292919 these different
+ew4vETcderI-01263-00292920-00293175 how how this what we call either fascism
+ew4vETcderI-01264-00293176-00293406 authoritarianism or other ways author in
+ew4vETcderI-01265-00293407-00293654 populism authoritarian neoliberalism how
+ew4vETcderI-01266-00293655-00293887 does it actually take form take shape in
+ew4vETcderI-01267-00293888-00294127 a concrete in a concrete space
+ew4vETcderI-01268-00294128-00294406 what i was thinking about
+ew4vETcderI-01269-00294407-00294647 now was that um
+ew4vETcderI-01270-00294648-00294775 like
+ew4vETcderI-01271-00294776-00295003 authoritarian what what we call
+ew4vETcderI-01272-00295004-00295358 authoritarianism kind of wraps up many
+ew4vETcderI-01273-00295359-00295503 different
+ew4vETcderI-01274-00295504-00295710 issues that you touched but in this
+ew4vETcderI-01275-00295711-00295943 negative sense yeah like we have like
+ew4vETcderI-01276-00295944-00296019 the
+ew4vETcderI-01277-00296020-00296351 anti-feminism we have uh the racism you
+ew4vETcderI-01278-00296352-00296630 know we have the um question of like a
+ew4vETcderI-01279-00296631-00296854 production of inequality like and even
+ew4vETcderI-01280-00296855-00297199 like a kind of worshipping of inequality
+ew4vETcderI-01281-00297200-00297319 like as of
+ew4vETcderI-01282-00297320-00297623 married to meritocracy like a class
+ew4vETcderI-01283-00297624-00297879 hatred and so on we have um the
+ew4vETcderI-01284-00297880-00298223 struggles like or the repression of um
+ew4vETcderI-01285-00298224-00298463 knowledge that the union talked about we
+ew4vETcderI-01286-00298464-00298782 have the question of how um rights um
+ew4vETcderI-01287-00298783-00299054 democratic rights for women for
+ew4vETcderI-01288-00299055-00299191 um
+ew4vETcderI-01289-00299192-00299471 black people for poor people for a lot
+ew4vETcderI-01290-00299472-00299703 of like of course different groups but
+ew4vETcderI-01291-00299704-00299991 from the perspective of authoritarian
+ew4vETcderI-01292-00299992-00300127 practices
+ew4vETcderI-01293-00300128-00300423 put in the sack of
+ew4vETcderI-01294-00300424-00300703 active
+ew4vETcderI-01295-00300704-00300951 marginalization so to say
+ew4vETcderI-01296-00300952-00301182 all of these things fall together in
+ew4vETcderI-01297-00301183-00301406 what we call authoritarianism but i
+ew4vETcderI-01298-00301407-00301582 think it's for us
+ew4vETcderI-01299-00301583-00301743 always
+ew4vETcderI-01300-00301744-00301967 hard like to think how this falls
+ew4vETcderI-01301-00301968-00302295 together in a positive sense like
+ew4vETcderI-01302-00302296-00302519 how we can think this from
+ew4vETcderI-01303-00302520-00302839 from a site which is not only opposing
+ew4vETcderI-01304-00302840-00302995 like no not only
+ew4vETcderI-01305-00302996-00303287 anti-authoritarianism but going
+ew4vETcderI-01306-00303288-00303558 beyond yeah and thinking of it in in
+ew4vETcderI-01307-00303559-00303751 positive terms and this brings me just
+ew4vETcderI-01308-00303752-00303951 to one last remark before i get to you
+ew4vETcderI-01309-00303952-00304206 which is of course there is
+ew4vETcderI-01310-00304207-00304399 and sabrina mentioned it
+ew4vETcderI-01311-00304400-00304567 i think or
+ew4vETcderI-01312-00304568-00304823 you heard also the question of it is
+ew4vETcderI-01313-00304824-00305047 very important to defend rights yeah we
+ew4vETcderI-01314-00305048-00305158 have to and
+ew4vETcderI-01315-00305159-00305334 and and several people made this claim
+ew4vETcderI-01316-00305335-00305479 like for the left like the question of
+ew4vETcderI-01317-00305480-00305671 rights has been like some you know
+ew4vETcderI-01318-00305672-00305887 liberal whatever yeah and it was like
+ew4vETcderI-01319-00305888-00306087 let's just whitewashing everything but
+ew4vETcderI-01320-00306088-00306263 now we see that when these rights are
+ew4vETcderI-01321-00306264-00306423 actually taken away
+ew4vETcderI-01322-00306424-00306630 it's getting very ugly so we have to
+ew4vETcderI-01323-00306631-00306919 defend these rights i guess but we have
+ew4vETcderI-01324-00306920-00307063 to also
+ew4vETcderI-01325-00307064-00307310 think of going beyond this so
+ew4vETcderI-01326-00307311-00307558 this is my question to you um where do
+ew4vETcderI-01327-00307559-00307775 you think like our
+ew4vETcderI-01328-00307776-00308015 counter strategies but also in general
+ew4vETcderI-01329-00308016-00308382 like our struggle should
+ew4vETcderI-01330-00308383-00308579 address what
+ew4vETcderI-01331-00308580-00308871 authoritarianism addresses because
+ew4vETcderI-01332-00308872-00309071 from all of you i've heard it's not only
+ew4vETcderI-01333-00309072-00309230 just overthrowing the government which
+ew4vETcderI-01334-00309231-00309463 is probably always a good idea to do but
+ew4vETcderI-01335-00309464-00309687 it does not just not sufficient idea to
+ew4vETcderI-01336-00309688-00309958 do so where do we have to intervene with
+ew4vETcderI-01337-00309959-00310191 our struggles and our strategies
+ew4vETcderI-01338-00310192-00310463 i suggest we start again with you union
+ew4vETcderI-01339-00310464-00310703 thanks
+ew4vETcderI-01340-00310704-00311039 thank you for the question boris um
+ew4vETcderI-01341-00311040-00311279 i thought of a few uh answers to your
+ew4vETcderI-01342-00311280-00311695 question so i will use my own um
+ew4vETcderI-01343-00311696-00311887 the kind of fight i've picked from my
+ew4vETcderI-01344-00311888-00312087 life which is feminism
+ew4vETcderI-01345-00312088-00312230 um
+ew4vETcderI-01346-00312231-00312471 especially more like feminist
+ew4vETcderI-01347-00312472-00312758 diaspora that lives outside of china and
+ew4vETcderI-01348-00312759-00312863 tries to
+ew4vETcderI-01349-00312864-00313143 uh connects to um issues that are
+ew4vETcderI-01350-00313144-00313334 relevant to chinese women living in
+ew4vETcderI-01351-00313335-00313582 china and also to those who are
+ew4vETcderI-01352-00313583-00313887 currently kind of
+ew4vETcderI-01353-00313888-00314239 how to say
+ew4vETcderI-01354-00314240-00314495 kind of yeah outside of our own country
+ew4vETcderI-01355-00314496-00314703 so i think one
+ew4vETcderI-01356-00314704-00314919 first thing that came to my mind as a
+ew4vETcderI-01357-00314920-00315247 very valuable counter strategy is to
+ew4vETcderI-01358-00315248-00315487 challenge the so-called limitation on
+ew4vETcderI-01359-00315488-00315703 knowledge knowledge that i mentioned as
+ew4vETcderI-01360-00315704-00315982 often used as a tool instrument to shape
+ew4vETcderI-01361-00315983-00316175 our thinking so
+ew4vETcderI-01362-00316176-00316303 for feminist
+ew4vETcderI-01363-00316304-00316439 endeavors
+ew4vETcderI-01364-00316440-00316751 in china one important step we have
+ew4vETcderI-01365-00316752-00316999 taken is to first construct our own
+ew4vETcderI-01366-00317000-00317239 feminist knowledge of course
+ew4vETcderI-01367-00317240-00317495 many knowledge have come from abroad
+ew4vETcderI-01368-00317496-00317727 feminist groups have spent a lot of time
+ew4vETcderI-01369-00317728-00317943 trying to translate
+ew4vETcderI-01370-00317944-00318071 kind of
+ew4vETcderI-01371-00318072-00318182 work from
+ew4vETcderI-01372-00318183-00318406 not only english but in also similar
+ew4vETcderI-01373-00318407-00318567 post-socialist
+ew4vETcderI-01374-00318568-00318775 regimes such as in
+ew4vETcderI-01375-00318776-00318934 poland in
+ew4vETcderI-01376-00318935-00319199 kind of other east european countries so
+ew4vETcderI-01377-00319200-00319495 that was a very important step that we
+ew4vETcderI-01378-00319496-00319671 when we think of activism we don't think
+ew4vETcderI-01379-00319672-00319903 about it's first to translate some
+ew4vETcderI-01380-00319904-00320095 knowledge that can be useful for the
+ew4vETcderI-01381-00320096-00320382 movement and give definitions give
+ew4vETcderI-01382-00320383-00320647 terminologies to phenomenon and to the
+ew4vETcderI-01383-00320648-00320871 kind of activism you're doing
+ew4vETcderI-01384-00320872-00321079 give you example that the concept of
+ew4vETcderI-01385-00321080-00321182 gender
+ew4vETcderI-01386-00321183-00321430 so-called gender english or other latin
+ew4vETcderI-01387-00321431-00321695 or germanic languages has to be first
+ew4vETcderI-01388-00321696-00321958 debated and then translated into chinese
+ew4vETcderI-01389-00321959-00322191 because it's unclear how this should be
+ew4vETcderI-01390-00322192-00322399 translated and there was a huge debate
+ew4vETcderI-01391-00322400-00322558 that um
+ew4vETcderI-01392-00322559-00322823 should it be called social sex
+ew4vETcderI-01393-00322824-00323071 in chinese because gender essentially
+ew4vETcderI-01394-00323072-00323279 depicts the social construction of our
+ew4vETcderI-01395-00323280-00323510 sex right but if you just call it sex
+ew4vETcderI-01396-00323511-00323671 then it doesn't have that content
+ew4vETcderI-01397-00323672-00323919 connotation so then the theories and
+ew4vETcderI-01398-00323920-00324167 translators those feminists have to come
+ew4vETcderI-01399-00324168-00324447 up with huge lengthy debates on how to
+ew4vETcderI-01400-00324448-00324663 bring concepts to local contexts that
+ew4vETcderI-01401-00324664-00324934 make sense so that's i think knowledge
+ew4vETcderI-01402-00324935-00325071 construction
+ew4vETcderI-01403-00325072-00325358 translating of concepts and use that
+ew4vETcderI-01404-00325359-00325630 process to also decolonize and to
+ew4vETcderI-01405-00325631-00325847 localize different knowledge that's a
+ew4vETcderI-01406-00325848-00326127 key step
+ew4vETcderI-01407-00326128-00326206 then
+ew4vETcderI-01408-00326207-00326630 another kind of strategy i think uh that
+ew4vETcderI-01409-00326631-00326879 i could have i observed from chinese
+ew4vETcderI-01410-00326880-00327182 feminist movement is learning to
+ew4vETcderI-01411-00327183-00327519 function in a different way that we're
+ew4vETcderI-01412-00327520-00327775 familiar with living or growing up in
+ew4vETcderI-01413-00327776-00327975 authoritarian context meaning to
+ew4vETcderI-01414-00327976-00328230 organize actually in democratic ways and
+ew4vETcderI-01415-00328231-00328543 to not impose certain ideas onto your
+ew4vETcderI-01416-00328544-00328878 group members and to actually encourage
+ew4vETcderI-01417-00328879-00329230 sharing and encourage kind of um a
+ew4vETcderI-01418-00329231-00329454 collective ethos and that's already
+ew4vETcderI-01419-00329455-00329695 difficult enough because
+ew4vETcderI-01420-00329696-00329975 none of us knows how kind of
+ew4vETcderI-01421-00329976-00330215 elections should actually look like
+ew4vETcderI-01422-00330216-00330295 that
+ew4vETcderI-01423-00330296-00330439 the fact you have never voted for
+ew4vETcderI-01424-00330440-00330543 anything
+ew4vETcderI-01425-00330544-00330999 so to create a non-authoritarian culture
+ew4vETcderI-01426-00331000-00331223 in your organization that's already a
+ew4vETcderI-01427-00331224-00331423 big step and big challenge for many of
+ew4vETcderI-01428-00331424-00331503 them
+ew4vETcderI-01429-00331504-00331791 and linking to this i think to organize
+ew4vETcderI-01430-00331792-00331999 ourselves be feminist or
+ew4vETcderI-01431-00332000-00332278 environmentalist or workers union
+ew4vETcderI-01432-00332279-00332503 to be able to
+ew4vETcderI-01433-00332504-00332839 distribute the power to your members
+ew4vETcderI-01434-00332840-00333175 instead of kind of imitating or
+ew4vETcderI-01435-00333176-00333415 using the same model the state has been
+ew4vETcderI-01436-00333416-00333575 using which is a top-down and
+ew4vETcderI-01437-00333576-00333854 concentrated power model that you have
+ew4vETcderI-01438-00333855-00334110 only seen in your life so to reinvent
+ew4vETcderI-01439-00334111-00334375 those structures those ways of
+ew4vETcderI-01440-00334376-00334582 organizing i think that's another
+ew4vETcderI-01441-00334583-00334775 important kind of strategies that people
+ew4vETcderI-01442-00334776-00334943 have to learn
+ew4vETcderI-01443-00334944-00335110 they have to create it
+ew4vETcderI-01444-00335111-00335310 so those are the few points i want to
+ew4vETcderI-01445-00335311-00335527 mention
+ew4vETcderI-01446-00335528-00335615 thanks
+ew4vETcderI-01447-00335616-00336023 a lot
+ew4vETcderI-01448-00336024-00336351 to you damian please thank you well just
+ew4vETcderI-01449-00336352-00336534 immediately two points
+ew4vETcderI-01450-00336535-00336719 from the context of bosnia herzegovina
+ew4vETcderI-01451-00336720-00336927 two things that hold the most
+ew4vETcderI-01452-00336928-00337167 emancipatory potentials are anti-fascism
+ew4vETcderI-01453-00337168-00337375 and anti-privatization
+ew4vETcderI-01454-00337376-00337482 so
+ew4vETcderI-01455-00337483-00337734 anti-fascism in terms of
+ew4vETcderI-01456-00337735-00337895 the emancipatory moments that were
+ew4vETcderI-01457-00337896-00338078 produced starting from the workers
+ew4vETcderI-01458-00338079-00338327 movements in 1920s in the the first
+ew4vETcderI-01459-00338328-00338534 revolution there was
+ew4vETcderI-01460-00338535-00338695 actually um
+ew4vETcderI-01461-00338696-00338943 very gendered because the workers around
+ew4vETcderI-01462-00338944-00339334 the tusla area stood up against um
+ew4vETcderI-01463-00339335-00339527 as part of the australian empire stood
+ew4vETcderI-01464-00339528-00339743 up against uh
+ew4vETcderI-01465-00339744-00339967 foreign workers women being raped by the
+ew4vETcderI-01466-00339968-00340295 police so that was the initial for for
+ew4vETcderI-01467-00340296-00340471 the first for the first revolution of
+ew4vETcderI-01468-00340472-00340806 1920s obviously um anti-fascist
+ew4vETcderI-01469-00340807-00341047 revolution of world war ii as the
+ew4vETcderI-01470-00341048-00341319 greatest emancipatory potential with its
+ew4vETcderI-01471-00341320-00341534 integral part of anti-fascist front of
+ew4vETcderI-01472-00341535-00341943 women um as as the the backbone of the
+ew4vETcderI-01473-00341944-00342023 um
+ew4vETcderI-01474-00342024-00342278 of the emancipation and the creation of
+ew4vETcderI-01475-00342279-00342567 of of uh socialist yugoslavia so
+ew4vETcderI-01476-00342568-00342823 anti-fascism the legacy of anti-fish
+ew4vETcderI-01477-00342824-00343082 fascism that kind of legacy of
+ew4vETcderI-01478-00343083-00343391 anti-fascism that's very gendered very
+ew4vETcderI-01479-00343392-00343495 um
+ew4vETcderI-01480-00343496-00343719 very open and very vibrant in the
+ew4vETcderI-01481-00343720-00344023 context in which the neoliberal peace
+ew4vETcderI-01482-00344024-00344110 uh
+ew4vETcderI-01483-00344111-00344471 is promoting anti-communist logic so
+ew4vETcderI-01484-00344472-00344623 there is an all sort of you know
+ew4vETcderI-01485-00344624-00344878 neoliberal um peace building
+ew4vETcderI-01486-00344879-00345143 institutions with their idiotic practice
+ew4vETcderI-01487-00345144-00345327 of creating the multiculturalist
+ew4vETcderI-01488-00345328-00345575 apartheid uh in bosnia-herzegovina where
+ew4vETcderI-01489-00345576-00345903 lives never intersect and people live
+ew4vETcderI-01490-00345904-00346303 next to each other hence you have
+ew4vETcderI-01491-00346304-00346654 schools divided by barbed wire in which
+ew4vETcderI-01492-00346655-00346895 uh children of different ethnicities are
+ew4vETcderI-01493-00346896-00347134 divided and attend school like this so
+ew4vETcderI-01494-00347135-00347551 this is what international community
+ew4vETcderI-01495-00347552-00347791 promotes as life
+ew4vETcderI-01496-00347792-00348175 this was never life in yugoslavia
+ew4vETcderI-01497-00348176-00348343 so
+ew4vETcderI-01498-00348344-00348543 on one hand you have to fight that on
+ew4vETcderI-01499-00348544-00348687 the other hand you have to fight a very
+ew4vETcderI-01500-00348688-00348871 long legacy of
+ew4vETcderI-01501-00348872-00349103 um you know the word yugoslavia was was
+ew4vETcderI-01502-00349104-00349375 exceptional in in in one point it was
+ew4vETcderI-01503-00349376-00349575 like a very big exercise of the far
+ew4vETcderI-01504-00349576-00349847 right on how to fight so
+ew4vETcderI-01505-00349848-00350015 so you had the far right is coming from
+ew4vETcderI-01506-00350016-00350391 latin america australia you had um
+ew4vETcderI-01507-00350392-00350639 genocide in bosnia-herzegovina
+ew4vETcderI-01508-00350640-00350910 uh was usually in in the public
+ew4vETcderI-01509-00350911-00351158 discourse kind of reduced to ethnic
+ew4vETcderI-01510-00351159-00351415 hatreds you know sebs agrees against
+ew4vETcderI-01511-00351416-00351606 muslims but nobody's actually actually
+ew4vETcderI-01512-00351607-00351839 thinking about how it was a big military
+ew4vETcderI-01513-00351840-00352119 exercise for the far right how you can
+ew4vETcderI-01514-00352120-00352303 gather together large numbers of
+ew4vETcderI-01515-00352304-00352558 populations and execute them so when you
+ew4vETcderI-01516-00352559-00352703 have
+ew4vETcderI-01517-00352704-00352991 golden dawn russian paramilitaries where
+ew4vETcderI-01518-00352992-00353215 you have various other mercenaries
+ew4vETcderI-01519-00353216-00353439 participating in the executions and in
+ew4vETcderI-01520-00353440-00353623 the war the war
+ew4vETcderI-01521-00353624-00353830 starts having a very different dimension
+ew4vETcderI-01522-00353831-00354095 and it needs to be thought in terms of
+ew4vETcderI-01523-00354096-00354319 the international
+ew4vETcderI-01524-00354320-00354575 mobilization of the far right
+ew4vETcderI-01525-00354576-00354871 rather than very myopic
+ew4vETcderI-01526-00354872-00355215 very complacent thinking about ethnicity
+ew4vETcderI-01527-00355216-00355495 so so in terms of in terms of so these
+ew4vETcderI-01528-00355496-00355703 are the two potential so so one is the
+ew4vETcderI-01529-00355704-00355982 the the anti-fascism vibrant and rich as
+ew4vETcderI-01530-00355983-00356158 it is and the other one
+ew4vETcderI-01531-00356159-00356358 anti-privatization and i'm going to give
+ew4vETcderI-01532-00356359-00356582 an example of uh of the detergent
+ew4vETcderI-01533-00356583-00356927 factory in tusla um which kind of onset
+ew4vETcderI-01534-00356928-00357143 huge protest in bosnia herzegovina in
+ew4vETcderI-01535-00357144-00357447 2014 that were those were called bosnian
+ew4vETcderI-01536-00357448-00357615 spring falsely you know think about the
+ew4vETcderI-01537-00357616-00357919 arab spring etc etc and
+ew4vETcderI-01538-00357920-00358063 they were immediately criminalized
+ew4vETcderI-01539-00358064-00358367 because we were called red al-qaeda um
+ew4vETcderI-01540-00358368-00358615 immediately afterwards so but they they
+ew4vETcderI-01541-00358616-00358863 held a huge potential because the
+ew4vETcderI-01542-00358864-00359047 workers
+ew4vETcderI-01543-00359048-00359199 fought
+ew4vETcderI-01544-00359200-00359310 against
+ew4vETcderI-01545-00359311-00359527 their factory being privatized
+ew4vETcderI-01546-00359528-00359782 their factory was once owned by them
+ew4vETcderI-01547-00359783-00359934 after the workers returned from the
+ew4vETcderI-01548-00359935-00360047 trenches
+ew4vETcderI-01549-00360048-00360263 they were actually they discovered that
+ew4vETcderI-01550-00360264-00360471 factories were sold to
+ew4vETcderI-01551-00360472-00360671 you know foreign owners they would
+ew4vETcderI-01552-00360672-00360839 usually
+ew4vETcderI-01553-00360840-00361039 through voucher privatization do the
+ew4vETcderI-01554-00361040-00361199 asset stripping of factories leaving
+ew4vETcderI-01555-00361200-00361463 communities destitutes and leaving
+ew4vETcderI-01556-00361464-00361823 actually huge toxic waste uh to to
+ew4vETcderI-01557-00361824-00362030 create these kind of zones sacrificial
+ew4vETcderI-01558-00362031-00362295 zones and zones of exceptions where life
+ew4vETcderI-01559-00362296-00362471 cannot be nurtured so
+ew4vETcderI-01560-00362472-00362799 um workers did something amazing they
+ew4vETcderI-01561-00362800-00362999 built a trench
+ew4vETcderI-01562-00363000-00363334 in front of the factory and they said
+ew4vETcderI-01563-00363335-00363582 if the police of the riot police
+ew4vETcderI-01564-00363583-00363863 crosses this there are 40 tons of
+ew4vETcderI-01565-00363864-00364151 flammable gas and the radius of 150
+ew4vETcderI-01566-00364152-00364382 kilometers is going to get destroyed
+ew4vETcderI-01567-00364383-00364663 so this kind of threat of violence is
+ew4vETcderI-01568-00364664-00364815 the only thing actually to produce the
+ew4vETcderI-01569-00364816-00364967 effects
+ew4vETcderI-01570-00364968-00365230 with that the workers themselves came up
+ew4vETcderI-01571-00365231-00365495 with something amazing so they said we
+ew4vETcderI-01572-00365496-00365663 are not using
+ew4vETcderI-01573-00365664-00365854 the regular
+ew4vETcderI-01574-00365855-00366063 trade union organizing principle so they
+ew4vETcderI-01575-00366064-00366254 said we are not on strike
+ew4vETcderI-01576-00366255-00366463 we are in protest to maintain the
+ew4vETcderI-01577-00366464-00366575 production
+ew4vETcderI-01578-00366576-00366719 so this
+ew4vETcderI-01579-00366720-00366934 phrase to be in protest to maintain the
+ew4vETcderI-01580-00366935-00367039 production
+ew4vETcderI-01581-00367040-00367239 has been an amazing
+ew4vETcderI-01582-00367240-00367430 kind of
+ew4vETcderI-01583-00367431-00367678 syntagm for for for artists activists
+ew4vETcderI-01584-00367679-00367903 and academics to think about what does
+ew4vETcderI-01585-00367904-00368039 it mean to
+ew4vETcderI-01586-00368040-00368206 to be in protest to maintain the
+ew4vETcderI-01587-00368207-00368478 production and what are we producing how
+ew4vETcderI-01588-00368479-00368734 are we producing at different types of
+ew4vETcderI-01589-00368735-00369151 infrastructures physical infrastructures
+ew4vETcderI-01590-00369152-00369391 effective infrastructures cognitive
+ew4vETcderI-01591-00369392-00369543 infrastructures that have been
+ew4vETcderI-01592-00369544-00369678 completely
+ew4vETcderI-01593-00369679-00369839 completely depleted
+ew4vETcderI-01594-00369840-00369919 so
+ew4vETcderI-01595-00369920-00370119 with these kinds of uh factory
+ew4vETcderI-01596-00370120-00370247 occupation
+ew4vETcderI-01597-00370248-00370543 came huge assemblies or called plenums
+ew4vETcderI-01598-00370544-00370799 where you know several thousand citizens
+ew4vETcderI-01599-00370800-00370999 participated in the direct democracy
+ew4vETcderI-01600-00371000-00371334 after we asked the government and um
+ew4vETcderI-01601-00371335-00371527 and we actually had to defend
+ew4vETcderI-01602-00371528-00371799 the the creativity of the violent acts
+ew4vETcderI-01603-00371800-00372223 of of of of ousting the government um
+ew4vETcderI-01604-00372224-00372295 so
+ew4vETcderI-01605-00372296-00372502 um
+ew4vETcderI-01606-00372503-00372910 the minute you start
+ew4vETcderI-01607-00372911-00373143 posing the questions of redistribution
+ew4vETcderI-01608-00373144-00373287 you're going to get
+ew4vETcderI-01609-00373288-00373510 criminalized this is the lesson like you
+ew4vETcderI-01610-00373511-00373751 know you can participate in in this kind
+ew4vETcderI-01611-00373752-00373927 of idiocy of minor differences of
+ew4vETcderI-01612-00373928-00374151 identity politics and you know until the
+ew4vETcderI-01613-00374152-00374406 cows come home you can be the
+ew4vETcderI-01614-00374407-00374478 the
+ew4vETcderI-01615-00374479-00374591 completely
+ew4vETcderI-01616-00374592-00374710 um
+ew4vETcderI-01617-00374711-00374951 kind of um
+ew4vETcderI-01618-00374952-00375175 apathized subject of human rights in
+ew4vETcderI-01619-00375176-00375358 which the only role you have is to
+ew4vETcderI-01620-00375359-00375575 enumerate human rights violations
+ew4vETcderI-01621-00375576-00375767 against you but there are no mechanisms
+ew4vETcderI-01622-00375768-00375975 actually to to
+ew4vETcderI-01623-00375976-00376087 to
+ew4vETcderI-01624-00376088-00376310 address them or redress them
+ew4vETcderI-01625-00376311-00376543 but actually the only thing that that
+ew4vETcderI-01626-00376544-00376863 worked was was this mobilization of
+ew4vETcderI-01627-00376864-00377030 what's been useful for me to think about
+ew4vETcderI-01628-00377031-00377287 as unbribable life
+ew4vETcderI-01629-00377288-00377358 so
+ew4vETcderI-01630-00377359-00377806 life that actually refuses to be bribed
+ew4vETcderI-01631-00377807-00378158 and to be bought off to accept social
+ew4vETcderI-01632-00378159-00378302 injustices
+ew4vETcderI-01633-00378303-00378567 and to become desensitized to the
+ew4vETcderI-01634-00378568-00378967 suffering of others and this way
+ew4vETcderI-01635-00378968-00379215 some sort of metaphoricity and the bond
+ew4vETcderI-01636-00379216-00379415 was created between
+ew4vETcderI-01637-00379416-00379647 women whose husbands are buried in
+ew4vETcderI-01638-00379648-00379823 unknown mass graves
+ew4vETcderI-01639-00379824-00380119 workers who were destitute lgbt
+ew4vETcderI-01640-00380120-00380351 communities and feminist scholars uh
+ew4vETcderI-01641-00380352-00380543 activists and artists who came together
+ew4vETcderI-01642-00380544-00380847 really to to kind of defend
+ew4vETcderI-01643-00380848-00381110 um not not the commons because from the
+ew4vETcderI-01644-00381111-00381319 yugoslav perspective returning to the
+ew4vETcderI-01645-00381320-00381519 commons is very regressive i mean but
+ew4vETcderI-01646-00381520-00381823 really trying to think
+ew4vETcderI-01647-00381824-00381978 what
+ew4vETcderI-01648-00381979-00382247 anti-privatization moves
+ew4vETcderI-01649-00382248-00382750 mean for us as a society
+ew4vETcderI-01650-00382751-00383727 [Applause]
+ew4vETcderI-01651-00383728-00383982 thank you um
+ew4vETcderI-01652-00383983-00384215 there's too much to say about resistance
+ew4vETcderI-01653-00384216-00384302 uh
+ew4vETcderI-01654-00384303-00384487 let me sort of
+ew4vETcderI-01655-00384488-00384799 um i think that
+ew4vETcderI-01656-00384800-00385023 the two strands that i want to emphasize
+ew4vETcderI-01657-00385024-00385243 a great deal one is a radical
+ew4vETcderI-01658-00385244-00385406 reimagination
+ew4vETcderI-01659-00385407-00385623 of the possibilities
+ew4vETcderI-01660-00385624-00385839 of of alternatives
+ew4vETcderI-01661-00385840-00386054 and the second is
+ew4vETcderI-01662-00386055-00386254 radical solidarities
+ew4vETcderI-01663-00386255-00386510 and let me just try to illustrate in in
+ew4vETcderI-01664-00386511-00386719 in a few minutes
+ew4vETcderI-01665-00386720-00386958 um
+ew4vETcderI-01666-00386959-00387158 radical reimagination
+ew4vETcderI-01667-00387159-00387382 see that i think that
+ew4vETcderI-01668-00387383-00387639 three kinds of crises that that we are
+ew4vETcderI-01669-00387640-00387791 facing uh
+ew4vETcderI-01670-00387792-00387991 and uh the world we leave to our
+ew4vETcderI-01671-00387992-00388239 children will depend on how
+ew4vETcderI-01672-00388240-00388382 young people
+ew4vETcderI-01673-00388383-00388623 are able to resolve these crises or
+ew4vETcderI-01674-00388624-00388815 respond to them the first of them is the
+ew4vETcderI-01675-00388816-00389087 crisis of inequality
+ew4vETcderI-01676-00389088-00389319 the second is the crisis of climate and
+ew4vETcderI-01677-00389320-00389591 the third as i see it is the crime
+ew4vETcderI-01678-00389592-00389887 crisis or the opportunity of
+ew4vETcderI-01679-00389888-00390047 living with difference
+ew4vETcderI-01680-00390048-00390343 and how do we respond uh with you know
+ew4vETcderI-01681-00390344-00390575 more and more diverse communities
+ew4vETcderI-01682-00390576-00390806 uh do we respond with hate with fear or
+ew4vETcderI-01683-00390807-00391102 we respond with uh with
+ew4vETcderI-01684-00391103-00391182 with
+ew4vETcderI-01685-00391183-00391558 friendship and curiosity and and so on
+ew4vETcderI-01686-00391559-00391647 um
+ew4vETcderI-01687-00391648-00392054 so in the crisis of inequality uh
+ew4vETcderI-01688-00392055-00392263 the reimagination that i am speaking
+ew4vETcderI-01689-00392264-00392439 about would be
+ew4vETcderI-01690-00392440-00392639 uh you know the collapse of the berlin
+ew4vETcderI-01691-00392640-00392743 wall
+ew4vETcderI-01692-00392744-00392975 has been interpreted uh
+ew4vETcderI-01693-00392976-00393143 across uh
+ew4vETcderI-01694-00393144-00393327 new liberal thinking that
+ew4vETcderI-01695-00393328-00393567 it marked the defeat of the ideas of
+ew4vETcderI-01696-00393568-00393767 justice and equality
+ew4vETcderI-01697-00393768-00393967 and i think that we need to say it does
+ew4vETcderI-01698-00393968-00394191 not
+ew4vETcderI-01699-00394192-00394367 an experiment
+ew4vETcderI-01700-00394368-00394471 to
+ew4vETcderI-01701-00394472-00394751 to build a just an equal society
+ew4vETcderI-01702-00394752-00395063 may have collapsed but the ideas are
+ew4vETcderI-01703-00395064-00395367 as important and valid but we have to
+ew4vETcderI-01704-00395368-00395599 find new pathways to it
+ew4vETcderI-01705-00395600-00395702 and i think
+ew4vETcderI-01706-00395703-00395902 there isn't enough thinking about what
+ew4vETcderI-01707-00395903-00396158 those pathways are universal social
+ew4vETcderI-01708-00396159-00396367 rights taxing the rich the elements that
+ew4vETcderI-01709-00396368-00396639 we are talking about but i think we need
+ew4vETcderI-01710-00396640-00396758 far more
+ew4vETcderI-01711-00396759-00397006 uh careful thinking about it in in terms
+ew4vETcderI-01712-00397007-00397223 of climate again i think that
+ew4vETcderI-01713-00397224-00397406 climate equity is not something that you
+ew4vETcderI-01714-00397407-00397687 can you know add on to uh climate
+ew4vETcderI-01715-00397688-00397967 strategies but equity based
+ew4vETcderI-01716-00397968-00398095 uh
+ew4vETcderI-01717-00398096-00398351 you know thinking about how we prepare
+ew4vETcderI-01718-00398352-00398647 for future generations but i'll spend
+ew4vETcderI-01719-00398648-00398863 just a little longer on on the third
+ew4vETcderI-01720-00398864-00399030 because that's where
+ew4vETcderI-01721-00399031-00399406 much of my work is uh is focused
+ew4vETcderI-01722-00399407-00399527 um
+ew4vETcderI-01723-00399528-00399806 how do we fight with the the rising
+ew4vETcderI-01724-00399807-00400102 politics of hate that we see across
+ew4vETcderI-01725-00400103-00400295 uh in in my own country
+ew4vETcderI-01726-00400296-00400471 uh but in many parts of the world i
+ew4vETcderI-01727-00400472-00400695 think it's become more and more
+ew4vETcderI-01728-00400696-00400934 dangerous today to be a minority of any
+ew4vETcderI-01729-00400935-00401030 kind
+ew4vETcderI-01730-00401031-00401295 anywhere whether it's a minority of of
+ew4vETcderI-01731-00401296-00401599 religion or ethnicity
+ew4vETcderI-01732-00401600-00401815 gender language and so on
+ew4vETcderI-01733-00401816-00401943 and how do we
+ew4vETcderI-01734-00401944-00402278 create a world uh and i think that
+ew4vETcderI-01735-00402279-00402534 there the idea of radical solidarity to
+ew4vETcderI-01736-00402535-00402830 me is is very critical it is by standing
+ew4vETcderI-01737-00402831-00402934 together
+ew4vETcderI-01738-00402935-00403215 uh it is by uh you know
+ew4vETcderI-01739-00403216-00403487 uh demonstrating that however much you
+ew4vETcderI-01740-00403488-00403702 want to divide us uh
+ew4vETcderI-01741-00403703-00403999 we stand together in our struggles
+ew4vETcderI-01742-00404000-00404127 and uh
+ew4vETcderI-01743-00404128-00404527 and i even talk about radical love
+ew4vETcderI-01744-00404528-00404734 love that is based on
+ew4vETcderI-01745-00404735-00404999 enormous amount of courage
+ew4vETcderI-01746-00405000-00405319 and i'll give a very brief couple of
+ew4vETcderI-01747-00405320-00405543 examples we had a whole spate of
+ew4vETcderI-01748-00405544-00405687 lynching
+ew4vETcderI-01749-00405688-00405815 in india
+ew4vETcderI-01750-00405816-00405919 very much
+ew4vETcderI-01751-00405920-00406087 reminiscent of
+ew4vETcderI-01752-00406088-00406334 what happened to african americans in in
+ew4vETcderI-01753-00406335-00406575 the united states with crowds gathering
+ew4vETcderI-01754-00406576-00406871 lynching people to death and so on and
+ew4vETcderI-01755-00406872-00407127 uh there seemed to be no response
+ew4vETcderI-01756-00407128-00407215 and
+ew4vETcderI-01757-00407216-00407439 we made a call for
+ew4vETcderI-01758-00407440-00407687 a caravan of love which we said we will
+ew4vETcderI-01759-00407688-00407958 resolve to go to every home
+ew4vETcderI-01760-00407959-00408134 anywhere in the country where somebody
+ew4vETcderI-01761-00408135-00408351 has been attacked with hate
+ew4vETcderI-01762-00408352-00408519 and to do three
+ew4vETcderI-01763-00408520-00408710 three or four things to say that
+ew4vETcderI-01764-00408711-00408863 you're not alone there are people who
+ew4vETcderI-01765-00408864-00409143 care the second is that
+ew4vETcderI-01766-00409144-00409319 we seek forgiveness for for what has
+ew4vETcderI-01767-00409320-00409471 happened to you what we've become the
+ew4vETcderI-01768-00409472-00409670 third is we'll stand with you in your
+ew4vETcderI-01769-00409671-00409855 battles for justice and the fourth is we
+ew4vETcderI-01770-00409856-00410166 will not we will not ensure allow your
+ew4vETcderI-01771-00410167-00410351 story to be silenced
+ew4vETcderI-01772-00410352-00410551 and it it was extraordinary how much
+ew4vETcderI-01773-00410552-00410910 impact this has had in in changing
+ew4vETcderI-01774-00410912-00411143 so i think that
+ew4vETcderI-01775-00411143-00411351 the idea of radical solidarity is
+ew4vETcderI-01776-00411352-00411518 something that we need to understand and
+ew4vETcderI-01777-00411519-00411695 practice far more
+ew4vETcderI-01778-00411696-00411934 we've had struggles for instance
+ew4vETcderI-01779-00411935-00412174 india's citizenship laws were changed
+ew4vETcderI-01780-00412175-00412439 for the first time
+ew4vETcderI-01781-00412439-00412687 discriminating against india's muslims
+ew4vETcderI-01782-00412688-00412799 and
+ew4vETcderI-01783-00412800-00413030 unexpectedly in universities across the
+ew4vETcderI-01784-00413031-00413430 country and then we had the largest
+ew4vETcderI-01785-00413431-00413607 movement that we've seen after
+ew4vETcderI-01786-00413608-00413839 independence but what was
+ew4vETcderI-01787-00413839-00414191 dramatic about that movement was hindus
+ew4vETcderI-01788-00414192-00414439 the majority community stood in very
+ew4vETcderI-01789-00414439-00414639 strong and visible solidarity with their
+ew4vETcderI-01790-00414639-00414855 muslim brothers and sisters to resist
+ew4vETcderI-01791-00414856-00415143 this law and and i think that was the
+ew4vETcderI-01792-00415143-00415470 most powerful
+ew4vETcderI-01793-00415471-00415655 form of resistance and i think we need
+ew4vETcderI-01794-00415656-00416059 to think about that as well thank you
+ew4vETcderI-01795-00416060-00416959 [Applause]
+ew4vETcderI-01796-00416960-00417047 great
+ew4vETcderI-01797-00417047-00417303 um thank you been thinking about a lot
+ew4vETcderI-01798-00417304-00417455 of things that you've been saying uh so
+ew4vETcderI-01799-00417456-00417607 far i'm gonna i'm going to pick up on
+ew4vETcderI-01800-00417608-00417791 the point of anti-fascism again because
+ew4vETcderI-01801-00417792-00418007 i think that's important one of our jobs
+ew4vETcderI-01802-00418008-00418222 like more recently like the past five
+ew4vETcderI-01803-00418223-00418430 six years in society is like trying to
+ew4vETcderI-01804-00418431-00418647 name these phenomena or like around the
+ew4vETcderI-01805-00418647-00418870 far right is like this fascist new
+ew4vETcderI-01806-00418871-00419095 fascists proto-fascist there's like a
+ew4vETcderI-01807-00419096-00419278 bunch of prefixes that we're attaching
+ew4vETcderI-01808-00419279-00419374 to it
+ew4vETcderI-01809-00419375-00419622 um is it almost fascist fascist
+ew4vETcderI-01810-00419623-00419887 tendencies and wow sometimes it gets
+ew4vETcderI-01811-00419888-00420103 into like a lot of like a lot of
+ew4vETcderI-01812-00420104-00420303 discussions and we haven't really seemed
+ew4vETcderI-01813-00420304-00420655 to like really agree uh on what
+ew4vETcderI-01814-00420656-00420847 what is the right name for everything in
+ew4vETcderI-01815-00420847-00421087 that sense but we should agree let's say
+ew4vETcderI-01816-00421088-00421214 like i'm not saying it's not an
+ew4vETcderI-01817-00421215-00421383 important task it's an important task
+ew4vETcderI-01818-00421384-00421583 but even more important than that is
+ew4vETcderI-01819-00421584-00421847 agreeing on anti-fascism because once we
+ew4vETcderI-01820-00421847-00422039 are building anti-fascism we can
+ew4vETcderI-01821-00422039-00422287 actually build more critical mass to
+ew4vETcderI-01822-00422288-00422391 prevent
+ew4vETcderI-01823-00422392-00422543 proto-bo
+ew4vETcderI-01824-00422543-00422814 fascists or whatever from um
+ew4vETcderI-01825-00422815-00423047 actually rising and getting into power
+ew4vETcderI-01826-00423047-00423270 and doing all the damage that they plan
+ew4vETcderI-01827-00423271-00423399 on doing
+ew4vETcderI-01828-00423400-00423663 and this was part of the struggle more
+ew4vETcderI-01829-00423664-00423895 recently in brazil
+ew4vETcderI-01830-00423896-00423999 because
+ew4vETcderI-01831-00424000-00424214 um well not only trying to understand
+ew4vETcderI-01832-00424215-00424510 what the bolsonaro phenomenon uh is
+ew4vETcderI-01833-00424512-00424783 about but in the sense that once he
+ew4vETcderI-01834-00424784-00425007 started you know showing
+ew4vETcderI-01835-00425008-00425263 how bad he was
+ew4vETcderI-01836-00425264-00425447 a lot of people decided to say wow he's
+ew4vETcderI-01837-00425447-00425655 a fascist so we're anti-fascists and he
+ew4vETcderI-01838-00425656-00425855 kind of got depoliticized
+ew4vETcderI-01839-00425856-00425943 because
+ew4vETcderI-01840-00425943-00426118 also the anti-bolsonaro was the same
+ew4vETcderI-01841-00426119-00426351 thing as being anti-fascist and well
+ew4vETcderI-01842-00426352-00426518 those of us have been involved in
+ew4vETcderI-01843-00426519-00426727 anti-fascist struggles for a long time
+ew4vETcderI-01844-00426728-00427047 we're saying no you have to name beyond
+ew4vETcderI-01845-00427047-00427351 this one person so the job of naming is
+ew4vETcderI-01846-00427352-00427518 actually really hard because it's not
+ew4vETcderI-01847-00427519-00427718 just about the prefixes it's also about
+ew4vETcderI-01848-00427719-00427814 naming
+ew4vETcderI-01849-00427815-00428022 a whole system and what we want to do
+ew4vETcderI-01850-00428023-00428118 with this
+ew4vETcderI-01851-00428119-00428303 in the climate struggle for example this
+ew4vETcderI-01852-00428304-00428447 has been part of the
+ew4vETcderI-01853-00428447-00428622 of the job right because it's not enough
+ew4vETcderI-01854-00428623-00428799 to say there is a climate crisis we need
+ew4vETcderI-01855-00428800-00429039 to pinpoint where it comes from and when
+ew4vETcderI-01856-00429039-00429310 we do that we need to say well
+ew4vETcderI-01857-00429312-00429566 maybe capitalism is part of this and
+ew4vETcderI-01858-00429567-00429847 then we say well j don't change the
+ew4vETcderI-01859-00429847-00430079 climate change the system what system is
+ew4vETcderI-01860-00430080-00430295 this the system is capitalism so this
+ew4vETcderI-01861-00430296-00430455 job of naming
+ew4vETcderI-01862-00430456-00430655 is important because it's not just about
+ew4vETcderI-01863-00430656-00430903 the words about uh pinpointing the
+ew4vETcderI-01864-00430904-00431039 antagonists
+ew4vETcderI-01865-00431039-00431255 in this process you know trying to
+ew4vETcderI-01866-00431256-00431503 understand you know the actual power
+ew4vETcderI-01867-00431504-00431847 relations around it and in that way we
+ew4vETcderI-01868-00431847-00432159 are required to see that anti-fascism
+ew4vETcderI-01869-00432160-00432359 even though it has this entity that's
+ew4vETcderI-01870-00432360-00432614 always the negation of something
+ew4vETcderI-01871-00432615-00432759 because it's the negation of something
+ew4vETcderI-01872-00432760-00433118 that you actually want to fight and bury
+ew4vETcderI-01873-00433119-00433343 not have to be part of the cycle
+ew4vETcderI-01874-00433343-00433583 how it comes back all the time you are
+ew4vETcderI-01875-00433584-00433895 required to also start naming what you
+ew4vETcderI-01876-00433896-00434079 want instead
+ew4vETcderI-01877-00434080-00434318 and this is a much more difficult job
+ew4vETcderI-01878-00434319-00434495 because it deals with imaginaries it
+ew4vETcderI-01879-00434496-00434718 deals with our historical contradictions
+ew4vETcderI-01880-00434719-00434975 in trying to build an alternative
+ew4vETcderI-01881-00434976-00435263 and um it also deals with the fact that
+ew4vETcderI-01882-00435264-00435455 it's since we're since there's a lot of
+ew4vETcderI-01883-00435456-00435718 the politicization going around it and
+ew4vETcderI-01884-00435719-00435927 since the far-right captured a lot of
+ew4vETcderI-01885-00435928-00436118 this anti-systemic
+ew4vETcderI-01886-00436119-00436287 sentiment
+ew4vETcderI-01887-00436288-00436439 sometimes people don't want to listen to
+ew4vETcderI-01888-00436439-00436670 us or sometimes you know they don't
+ew4vETcderI-01889-00436671-00436847 think we have the credibility they're
+ew4vETcderI-01890-00436847-00437110 distrustful of what we say and this is
+ew4vETcderI-01891-00437112-00437270 where solidarity comes in because
+ew4vETcderI-01892-00437271-00437470 solidarity is a way of like it's it's
+ew4vETcderI-01893-00437471-00437751 building a pathway into something a lot
+ew4vETcderI-01894-00437752-00437895 more powerful
+ew4vETcderI-01895-00437896-00438079 and a great example that we had at this
+ew4vETcderI-01896-00438080-00438295 recently was about the landlords workers
+ew4vETcderI-01897-00438296-00438439 movement in brazil
+ew4vETcderI-01898-00438439-00438647 very famous around the world because
+ew4vETcderI-01899-00438647-00438839 it's one of the largest social movements
+ew4vETcderI-01900-00438839-00439135 um around today but it has been
+ew4vETcderI-01901-00439135-00439327 criminalized for a long time you know
+ew4vETcderI-01902-00439328-00439495 people in society who had never
+ew4vETcderI-01903-00439496-00439814 encountered a single landless person you
+ew4vETcderI-01904-00439815-00439975 know just how they're terrorists they're
+ew4vETcderI-01905-00439976-00440143 like really bad they're invading they're
+ew4vETcderI-01906-00440143-00440527 taking away our things so like this um
+ew4vETcderI-01907-00440528-00440775 this association right with the elites
+ew4vETcderI-01908-00440776-00440991 with the with the land elites in brazil
+ew4vETcderI-01909-00440992-00441166 and this person doesn't even have land
+ew4vETcderI-01910-00441167-00441303 but they're associating with it because
+ew4vETcderI-01911-00441304-00441543 they're afraid of the terrorists so this
+ew4vETcderI-01912-00441543-00441703 criminalization is very powerful in
+ew4vETcderI-01913-00441704-00441918 terms of the discourse but when people
+ew4vETcderI-01914-00441919-00442055 are going hungry and we have been in
+ew4vETcderI-01915-00442056-00442231 this conference a conference discussing
+ew4vETcderI-01916-00442232-00442463 the linkages between authoritarianism
+ew4vETcderI-01917-00442464-00442718 and food insecurity and you know the and
+ew4vETcderI-01918-00442719-00442927 the fact that like people actually going
+ew4vETcderI-01919-00442928-00443110 hungry every day
+ew4vETcderI-01920-00443112-00443391 when people are going hungry who showed
+ew4vETcderI-01921-00443392-00443463 up
+ew4vETcderI-01922-00443464-00443663 the english workers movement you know
+ew4vETcderI-01923-00443664-00443895 producing good organic foods you know
+ew4vETcderI-01924-00443896-00444063 through agricultural means and
+ew4vETcderI-01925-00444064-00444270 delivering tons of food
+ew4vETcderI-01926-00444271-00444527 and sometimes through other
+ew4vETcderI-01927-00444528-00444710 social movements as well like the the
+ew4vETcderI-01928-00444712-00444887 black movement in brazil and the
+ew4vETcderI-01929-00444888-00445079 homeless workers movement and the
+ew4vETcderI-01930-00445080-00445263 eco-socialist movement a lot of them
+ew4vETcderI-01931-00445264-00445518 coming together showing up and showing
+ew4vETcderI-01932-00445519-00445695 up is one of our best strategies to
+ew4vETcderI-01933-00445696-00445855 actually make sure the solar dart is not
+ew4vETcderI-01934-00445856-00446055 just about a banner saying like yes we
+ew4vETcderI-01935-00446056-00446270 stand with you and how this ends up
+ew4vETcderI-01936-00446271-00446463 captured sometimes it's just like random
+ew4vETcderI-01937-00446464-00446703 hashtags that we find online
+ew4vETcderI-01938-00446704-00446927 showing up is about
+ew4vETcderI-01939-00446928-00447079 being there when people need you the
+ew4vETcderI-01940-00447080-00447214 most even though they might not
+ew4vETcderI-01941-00447215-00447399 understand what you're doing what the
+ew4vETcderI-01942-00447400-00447735 project is and sometimes that's not not
+ew4vETcderI-01943-00447735-00447903 the important part of it it's about
+ew4vETcderI-01944-00447904-00448103 building the relationships
+ew4vETcderI-01945-00448104-00448318 and i was thinking about this and
+ew4vETcderI-01946-00448319-00448551 looking at that one poster right there
+ew4vETcderI-01947-00448552-00448855 the jabasta one uh in the beginning and
+ew4vETcderI-01948-00448856-00449014 i think this is quite important because
+ew4vETcderI-01949-00449015-00449359 it kind of um outlines this trajectory
+ew4vETcderI-01950-00449360-00449566 that we have right so jabbas is like
+ew4vETcderI-01951-00449567-00449679 that's enough
+ew4vETcderI-01952-00449680-00449839 that's enough and it's important to say
+ew4vETcderI-01953-00449839-00449991 that's enough but a lot of people who
+ew4vETcderI-01954-00449992-00450207 are just like anti-bolsonaro anti-trump
+ew4vETcderI-01955-00450208-00450575 or anti-afd it's like yeah did this
+ew4vETcderI-01956-00450576-00450759 that's enough and then you have to move
+ew4vETcderI-01957-00450760-00451166 into the well i'm done with this
+ew4vETcderI-01958-00451167-00451335 but i we need something else just a
+ew4vETcderI-01959-00451335-00451607 negation uh won't do it for us and then
+ew4vETcderI-01960-00451608-00451727 for example there's the title of the
+ew4vETcderI-01961-00451728-00451903 naomi cline book no it's not enough and
+ew4vETcderI-01962-00451904-00452070 this is a lot of the discussions and we
+ew4vETcderI-01963-00452071-00452214 also have like
+ew4vETcderI-01964-00452215-00452414 uh talking about hegemony and counter
+ew4vETcderI-01965-00452415-00452583 hegemony
+ew4vETcderI-01966-00452584-00452799 and so if we understand that we're
+ew4vETcderI-01967-00452800-00452943 negating this
+ew4vETcderI-01968-00452943-00453222 and we are showing up and people are fed
+ew4vETcderI-01969-00453223-00453479 up as well now our job is to say wow
+ew4vETcderI-01970-00453480-00453679 what do we want instead so we don't go
+ew4vETcderI-01971-00453680-00453991 back to this very situation here
+ew4vETcderI-01972-00453992-00454118 and i think this is where we have a
+ew4vETcderI-01973-00454119-00454335 little bit of a deficit in terms of like
+ew4vETcderI-01974-00454335-00454607 our imaginary in the past decades
+ew4vETcderI-01975-00454608-00454743 because for example when we look into
+ew4vETcderI-01976-00454743-00454903 the word social forum
+ew4vETcderI-01977-00454904-00455183 um in latin america it had like a very
+ew4vETcderI-01978-00455184-00455431 strong context especially in brazil
+ew4vETcderI-01979-00455432-00455583 portugal agreed a lot of people have
+ew4vETcderI-01980-00455584-00455839 even a little bit of a nostalgia around
+ew4vETcderI-01981-00455839-00456063 it and um
+ew4vETcderI-01982-00456064-00456287 but one of the models well like it was
+ew4vETcderI-01983-00456288-00456575 like a new world is possible the problem
+ew4vETcderI-01984-00456576-00456783 of saying like that indefinite article
+ew4vETcderI-01985-00456784-00457031 here a new word is possible is that far
+ew4vETcderI-01986-00457032-00457287 right also does it a new word is
+ew4vETcderI-01987-00457288-00457503 possible our motive should actually be
+ew4vETcderI-01988-00457504-00457599 this
+ew4vETcderI-01989-00457600-00457910 this new word is possible this one that
+ew4vETcderI-01990-00457912-00458183 we're presenting to you right now
+ew4vETcderI-01991-00458184-00458383 and this is our main challenge because
+ew4vETcderI-01992-00458384-00458718 yes uh there's a lot of fragmentation um
+ew4vETcderI-01993-00458719-00458887 there is a
+ew4vETcderI-01994-00458888-00459295 a a difficulty in actually dealing with
+ew4vETcderI-01995-00459296-00459518 this multiple crisis at the same time
+ew4vETcderI-01996-00459519-00459695 because we're all so exhausted and i
+ew4vETcderI-01997-00459696-00459887 think we have to acknowledge this
+ew4vETcderI-01998-00459888-00460039 everyone who's involved in you know
+ew4vETcderI-01999-00460039-00460287 activism and organizing is absolutely
+ew4vETcderI-02000-00460288-00460566 exhausted uh the the spirit throughout
+ew4vETcderI-02001-00460567-00460695 the pandemic
+ew4vETcderI-02002-00460696-00460870 made it much worse so when we talk about
+ew4vETcderI-02003-00460871-00461039 the care crisis we should be talking
+ew4vETcderI-02004-00461039-00461207 about the care crisis within our
+ew4vETcderI-02005-00461208-00461407 movements as well because there's a lot
+ew4vETcderI-02006-00461408-00461599 of people burning out
+ew4vETcderI-02007-00461600-00461783 but i think one of the lessons here is
+ew4vETcderI-02008-00461784-00462063 that organizing is not a marathon it's
+ew4vETcderI-02009-00462064-00462270 more like a relay race
+ew4vETcderI-02010-00462271-00462495 you need to take turns you have
+ew4vETcderI-02011-00462496-00462695 different capabilities you have
+ew4vETcderI-02012-00462696-00462959 different talents and you also have this
+ew4vETcderI-02013-00462960-00463222 possibility of you know understanding
+ew4vETcderI-02014-00463223-00463447 that rest and like taking care of
+ew4vETcderI-02015-00463447-00463614 yourself should be one of the values
+ew4vETcderI-02016-00463615-00463799 that we need to bring forward and when
+ew4vETcderI-02017-00463800-00464022 we do that this is also solidarity
+ew4vETcderI-02018-00464023-00464391 amongst us it sets examples and it's a
+ew4vETcderI-02019-00464392-00464559 way of like building these new
+ew4vETcderI-02020-00464560-00464791 relationships that can go into the
+ew4vETcderI-02021-00464792-00464991 future and maybe this is something that
+ew4vETcderI-02022-00464992-00465183 we can bring in when we're talking about
+ew4vETcderI-02023-00465184-00465375 well this is the new word that i think
+ew4vETcderI-02024-00465376-00465583 is possible where one that like you can
+ew4vETcderI-02025-00465584-00465743 also write you can also take care of
+ew4vETcderI-02026-00465743-00465966 each other and in the sense kind of
+ew4vETcderI-02027-00465967-00466103 going back to the discussion we had in
+ew4vETcderI-02028-00466104-00466343 the first panel just to close it off was
+ew4vETcderI-02029-00466343-00466479 that you know like if we're talking
+ew4vETcderI-02030-00466480-00466775 about the interregnum and this whole um
+ew4vETcderI-02031-00466776-00467022 this whole problem around well though
+ew4vETcderI-02032-00467023-00467247 the old design the new cannot yet be
+ew4vETcderI-02033-00467247-00467655 born is that um maybe you know these
+ew4vETcderI-02034-00467656-00467910 this is the new that we want to be born
+ew4vETcderI-02035-00467912-00468263 and so far we have not been able to skip
+ew4vETcderI-02036-00468264-00468503 this interregnum because we left it way
+ew4vETcderI-02037-00468504-00468710 too open so we have to be more specific
+ew4vETcderI-02038-00468712-00469007 in the way that we design our practices
+ew4vETcderI-02039-00469008-00469263 and while we tell people that this is
+ew4vETcderI-02040-00469264-00469495 good and we're here for you and we're
+ew4vETcderI-02041-00469496-00469639 going to be building this together
+ew4vETcderI-02042-00469639-00469993 rather than just having a sad formula
+ew4vETcderI-02043-00469993-00470663 [Applause]
+ew4vETcderI-02044-00470664-00470855 yeah i think we've moved to a really
+ew4vETcderI-02045-00470856-00471135 rich sense of showing up now through all
+ew4vETcderI-02046-00471135-00471479 your responses like not showing up as
+ew4vETcderI-02047-00471480-00471718 making it to the street but showing up
+ew4vETcderI-02048-00471719-00472055 for each other like showing up feeding
+ew4vETcderI-02049-00472056-00472375 people with good food on occupied from
+ew4vETcderI-02050-00472376-00472599 occupied land or showing up
+ew4vETcderI-02051-00472600-00472814 at the door of the morning people who
+ew4vETcderI-02052-00472815-00472999 has a lot have lost someone i mean
+ew4vETcderI-02053-00473000-00473159 that's so powerful
+ew4vETcderI-02054-00473160-00473487 and and showing up at the factory
+ew4vETcderI-02055-00473488-00473839 in order to maintain production like i i
+ew4vETcderI-02056-00473839-00474079 think that's such a key um turn of
+ew4vETcderI-02057-00474080-00474375 phrase and also the showing up to like
+ew4vETcderI-02058-00474376-00474695 from the diaspora back to the people who
+ew4vETcderI-02059-00474696-00475047 like bring translate stuff learn
+ew4vETcderI-02060-00475047-00475263 create a form of life together so i
+ew4vETcderI-02061-00475264-00475375 really think
+ew4vETcderI-02062-00475376-00475591 that that when you asked for what's the
+ew4vETcderI-02063-00475592-00475799 positive like what how is it not just a
+ew4vETcderI-02064-00475800-00476039 counter strategy that kind of showing up
+ew4vETcderI-02065-00476039-00476214 for each other that's of course what
+ew4vETcderI-02066-00476215-00476422 like we want to build a socialist world
+ew4vETcderI-02067-00476423-00476663 on right that we more and more areas of
+ew4vETcderI-02068-00476664-00476839 life should be organized according to
+ew4vETcderI-02069-00476839-00477007 the principle of showing up for each
+ew4vETcderI-02070-00477008-00477279 other and having need oriented um
+ew4vETcderI-02071-00477280-00477527 production and i must say that i had a
+ew4vETcderI-02072-00477528-00477727 slight like i don't know
+ew4vETcderI-02073-00477728-00477895 uh
+ew4vETcderI-02074-00477896-00478166 hesitant dark moment when you asked this
+ew4vETcderI-02075-00478167-00478407 question about the strategy i was
+ew4vETcderI-02076-00478408-00478639 wondering a bit like do you mean
+ew4vETcderI-02077-00478639-00478807 strategy to win
+ew4vETcderI-02078-00478808-00479039 or isn't it more that we're just talking
+ew4vETcderI-02079-00479039-00479327 about strategy to
+ew4vETcderI-02080-00479328-00479591 survive or at best to maintain the
+ew4vETcderI-02081-00479592-00479814 struggle at all you know because i think
+ew4vETcderI-02082-00479815-00479983 sometimes that like
+ew4vETcderI-02083-00479984-00480079 it
+ew4vETcderI-02084-00480080-00480270 if you do that it's still not nothing
+ew4vETcderI-02085-00480271-00480422 like if they're like whether you have
+ew4vETcderI-02086-00480423-00480670 any anti-fascism or not like that's
+ew4vETcderI-02087-00480671-00480862 already a difference and so
+ew4vETcderI-02088-00480863-00481022 i think
+ew4vETcderI-02089-00481023-00481447 this move to say we are in protest
+ew4vETcderI-02090-00481447-00481670 to maintain the production that is
+ew4vETcderI-02091-00481671-00481862 something that one can also
+ew4vETcderI-02092-00481863-00482031 that's of course a model of an active
+ew4vETcderI-02093-00482032-00482207 strike so
+ew4vETcderI-02094-00482208-00482383 in one of the powerful movements that
+ew4vETcderI-02095-00482384-00482518 maybe are close to winning like
+ew4vETcderI-02096-00482519-00482759 argentinian and broadly latin american
+ew4vETcderI-02097-00482760-00482935 feminism then there's also that model of
+ew4vETcderI-02098-00482935-00483159 the active strike of the strike around
+ew4vETcderI-02099-00483160-00483327 reproductive labor where you don't
+ew4vETcderI-02100-00483328-00483495 strike to halt production where you
+ew4vETcderI-02101-00483496-00483759 strike to have a different kind of
+ew4vETcderI-02102-00483760-00484039 production starting from the labor
+ew4vETcderI-02103-00484039-00484191 that preserves and maintains and
+ew4vETcderI-02104-00484192-00484422 reproduces life so
+ew4vETcderI-02105-00484423-00484662 i think one way to say what the counter
+ew4vETcderI-02106-00484663-00484951 strategies to authoritarianism do
+ew4vETcderI-02107-00484952-00485070 especially in a moment where
+ew4vETcderI-02108-00485071-00485231 authoritarianism
+ew4vETcderI-02109-00485232-00485575 intensifies and privatizes the capacity
+ew4vETcderI-02110-00485576-00485847 of death dealing or of destructive
+ew4vETcderI-02111-00485847-00486039 entitlement
+ew4vETcderI-02112-00486039-00486414 is to maintain to protest to maintain
+ew4vETcderI-02113-00486415-00486687 life to protest to
+ew4vETcderI-02114-00486688-00486847 maintain
+ew4vETcderI-02115-00486847-00487055 care infrastructures that i need
+ew4vETcderI-02116-00487056-00487318 oriented and also even though that
+ew4vETcderI-02117-00487319-00487518 sounds terribly conservative the
+ew4vETcderI-02118-00487519-00487807 maintenance of this planet like we might
+ew4vETcderI-02119-00487808-00488055 want a new world but we want we want the
+ew4vETcderI-02120-00488056-00488255 old planet like because we don't have
+ew4vETcderI-02121-00488256-00488447 another and i think when we have to
+ew4vETcderI-02122-00488447-00488679 affirm that there is that switch like
+ew4vETcderI-02123-00488680-00488895 let the right same my life my rules and
+ew4vETcderI-02124-00488896-00489135 then we now say let's preserve
+ew4vETcderI-02125-00489135-00489383 the natural world we've got and then
+ew4vETcderI-02126-00489384-00489559 my make it more alive of course that's
+ew4vETcderI-02127-00489560-00489895 always possible but stop um producing
+ew4vETcderI-02128-00489896-00490095 i'm destroying it and so that would mean
+ew4vETcderI-02129-00490096-00490343 moving from the vocabulary of rights
+ew4vETcderI-02130-00490343-00490559 which of course is totally rooted in
+ew4vETcderI-02131-00490560-00490847 that self-owning liberal individual that
+ew4vETcderI-02132-00490847-00491166 i think also is always a
+ew4vETcderI-02133-00491167-00491366 liminal figure very close to tipping
+ew4vETcderI-02134-00491367-00491607 into fascist privatized entitlement
+ew4vETcderI-02135-00491608-00491847 instead of that self-owning individual
+ew4vETcderI-02136-00491847-00492127 and the rhetoric of property and rights
+ew4vETcderI-02137-00492128-00492335 you would more have a property of
+ew4vETcderI-02138-00492335-00492631 a rhetoric of life and of kind of shared
+ew4vETcderI-02139-00492632-00492766 and i think there is a left-wing
+ew4vETcderI-02140-00492767-00493014 rhetoric of right life and it's
+ew4vETcderI-02141-00493015-00493366 precisely that that isn't prioritizing
+ew4vETcderI-02142-00493367-00493566 property so the right-wing rhetorics of
+ew4vETcderI-02143-00493567-00493759 life is always enclosed life it's always
+ew4vETcderI-02144-00493760-00493975 like life as it was objectified and
+ew4vETcderI-02145-00493976-00494247 propertized the feeders that can't be
+ew4vETcderI-02146-00494247-00494495 aborted or the country side that belongs
+ew4vETcderI-02147-00494496-00494679 to that group of people and not that
+ew4vETcderI-02148-00494680-00494903 that's kind of privatized life but
+ew4vETcderI-02149-00494904-00495191 life and solidarity i think that yeah
+ew4vETcderI-02150-00495192-00495395 that that's the base of
+ew4vETcderI-02151-00495396-00495695 anti-authoritarian struggles and
+ew4vETcderI-02152-00495696-00496022 yeah may protest to maintain the
+ew4vETcderI-02153-00496023-00496807 production of life
+ew4vETcderI-02154-00496808-00497079 thank you for this incredibly rich
+ew4vETcderI-02155-00497080-00497455 round i would like to ask you one last a
+ew4vETcderI-02156-00497456-00497622 quick
+ew4vETcderI-02157-00497623-00497951 question before we give
+ew4vETcderI-02158-00497952-00498095 before we
+ew4vETcderI-02159-00498096-00498270 we open the
+ew4vETcderI-02160-00498271-00498351 mic
+ew4vETcderI-02161-00498352-00498551 which has to do
+ew4vETcderI-02162-00498552-00498743 with something
+ew4vETcderI-02163-00498743-00498935 sabrina for instance just mentioned the
+ew4vETcderI-02164-00498935-00499183 question that um the right the far right
+ew4vETcderI-02165-00499184-00499566 is also promising like a new world
+ew4vETcderI-02166-00499567-00499766 and this has for me to do with the
+ew4vETcderI-02167-00499767-00499999 question of general of what's been
+ew4vETcderI-02168-00500000-00500343 discussed as the um our loss of the
+ew4vETcderI-02169-00500343-00500710 gesture of revolt yeah like the left has
+ew4vETcderI-02170-00500712-00500966 has been known for revolting
+ew4vETcderI-02171-00500967-00501199 and this has somehow been like
+ew4vETcderI-02172-00501200-00501455 monopolized
+ew4vETcderI-02173-00501456-00501662 by by the far right
+ew4vETcderI-02174-00501663-00501814 um and
+ew4vETcderI-02175-00501815-00502070 the question is like what do you think
+ew4vETcderI-02176-00502071-00502199 we can
+ew4vETcderI-02177-00502200-00502599 like in a way offer to um to respond to
+ew4vETcderI-02178-00502600-00502870 what has been conceptualized at this um
+ew4vETcderI-02179-00502871-00503135 like anger and resentment without an
+ew4vETcderI-02180-00503135-00503455 advocacy no um the question of
+ew4vETcderI-02181-00503456-00503662 anxiety the question of which is being
+ew4vETcderI-02182-00503663-00504031 capitalized by um the far right um as
+ew4vETcderI-02183-00504032-00504327 like a very as a completely reactionary
+ew4vETcderI-02184-00504328-00504655 and conservative revolt which is without
+ew4vETcderI-02185-00504656-00504879 revolting to the actually dominant
+ew4vETcderI-02186-00504880-00505110 people but revolting to the completely
+ew4vETcderI-02187-00505112-00505407 other side so just um and without order
+ew4vETcderI-02188-00505408-00505662 any one of you who wants to share some
+ew4vETcderI-02189-00505663-00505966 insight on um what do you think if um if
+ew4vETcderI-02190-00505967-00506191 this even matters if the idea the
+ew4vETcderI-02191-00506192-00506455 gesture of revolt even matters um and
+ew4vETcderI-02192-00506456-00506631 how you would think we can
+ew4vETcderI-02193-00506632-00507231 um work on it like from the left
+ew4vETcderI-02194-00507232-00507479 i won't talk but i think uh there might
+ew4vETcderI-02195-00507480-00507679 be a video that captures this perfectly
+ew4vETcderI-02196-00507680-00507935 if we have time we can watch it or play
+ew4vETcderI-02197-00507935-00508231 it um out like when you guys are leaving
+ew4vETcderI-02198-00508232-00508495 so it's a video made by chinese citizen
+ew4vETcderI-02199-00508496-00508903 to use humor satire and um
+ew4vETcderI-02200-00508904-00509159 to ridiculize to ridicule the situation
+ew4vETcderI-02201-00509160-00509479 the ruler as a way of revolt in a
+ew4vETcderI-02202-00509480-00509695 situation where people can't go onto the
+ew4vETcderI-02203-00509696-00509855 street where people can't organize
+ew4vETcderI-02204-00509856-00510055 themselves they use digital media
+ew4vETcderI-02205-00510056-00510270 multiple kind of visualized
+ew4vETcderI-02206-00510271-00510543 material and use that kind of
+ew4vETcderI-02207-00510543-00510855 sarkicism as a way to attack the state i
+ew4vETcderI-02208-00510856-00511007 think that's
+ew4vETcderI-02209-00511008-00511143 sometimes that's the only choice but
+ew4vETcderI-02210-00511143-00511303 sometimes it's also a very powerful
+ew4vETcderI-02211-00511304-00511799 choice so i leave it to that
+ew4vETcderI-02212-00511800-00512014 i'll be quick and say you know it's okay
+ew4vETcderI-02213-00512015-00512199 for us to be anxious you know we needn't
+ew4vETcderI-02214-00512200-00512399 be afraid of being anxious i mean
+ew4vETcderI-02215-00512400-00512807 anxiety tells us that we are alive still
+ew4vETcderI-02216-00512808-00513055 and in terms of that um
+ew4vETcderI-02217-00513056-00513295 you know historically
+ew4vETcderI-02218-00513296-00513599 the far right and the far left
+ew4vETcderI-02219-00513600-00513903 have seemingly on the referential level
+ew4vETcderI-02220-00513904-00514247 the same articulation
+ew4vETcderI-02221-00514247-00514431 but actually
+ew4vETcderI-02222-00514432-00514710 and this is why we we needn't be
+ew4vETcderI-02223-00514712-00514895 afraid because
+ew4vETcderI-02224-00514896-00515143 the question that differentiates
+ew4vETcderI-02225-00515143-00515287 these two articulations that are
+ew4vETcderI-02226-00515288-00515470 seemingly the same on the referential
+ew4vETcderI-02227-00515471-00515662 level are on behalf of what kind of
+ew4vETcderI-02228-00515663-00515910 sociality are they uttered
+ew4vETcderI-02229-00515912-00516222 and one is clearly uttered on behalf of
+ew4vETcderI-02230-00516223-00516359 equality
+ew4vETcderI-02231-00516360-00516775 and the other isn't
+ew4vETcderI-02232-00516776-00517062 yeah also just a couple of lines i i
+ew4vETcderI-02233-00517063-00517247 think that uh
+ew4vETcderI-02234-00517247-00517439 one thing that we must
+ew4vETcderI-02235-00517439-00517718 must reflect on every time
+ew4vETcderI-02236-00517719-00517966 we resist is that
+ew4vETcderI-02237-00517967-00518110 uh
+ew4vETcderI-02238-00518112-00518535 what the world that we want to build
+ew4vETcderI-02239-00518535-00518766 must be reflected in how
+ew4vETcderI-02240-00518767-00518959 how we resist
+ew4vETcderI-02241-00518960-00519118 we can't say we want to build the most
+ew4vETcderI-02242-00519119-00519414 just and humane world by means that are
+ew4vETcderI-02243-00519415-00519687 unjust cruel
+ew4vETcderI-02244-00519688-00519966 and so on it's bound and you know recent
+ew4vETcderI-02245-00519967-00520095 history
+ew4vETcderI-02246-00520096-00520327 in many parts will must
+ew4vETcderI-02247-00520328-00520566 and and therefore
+ew4vETcderI-02248-00520567-00520743 if you're building
+ew4vETcderI-02249-00520743-00520943 a world primarily on the idea of
+ew4vETcderI-02250-00520943-00521175 solidarity
+ew4vETcderI-02251-00521176-00521279 and
+ew4vETcderI-02252-00521280-00521518 the idea of solidarity nom chomsky
+ew4vETcderI-02253-00521519-00521743 actually said the idea it is the idea
+ew4vETcderI-02254-00521743-00522055 that we should take care of each other
+ew4vETcderI-02255-00522056-00522231 now if that is the idea that is the
+ew4vETcderI-02256-00522232-00522455 world we want to build what is our forms
+ew4vETcderI-02257-00522456-00522655 of struggle
+ew4vETcderI-02258-00522656-00522862 at every step
+ew4vETcderI-02259-00522863-00523079 that reflect that value
+ew4vETcderI-02260-00523080-00523214 and i don't think
+ew4vETcderI-02261-00523215-00523407 uh i i don't think
+ew4vETcderI-02262-00523408-00523822 there are easy answers to it but uh but
+ew4vETcderI-02263-00523823-00524087 we cannot accomplish
+ew4vETcderI-02264-00524088-00524366 a different world by means that
+ew4vETcderI-02265-00524367-00524479 mirror
+ew4vETcderI-02266-00524480-00524751 the world that we are fighting
+ew4vETcderI-02267-00524752-00524927 we can't fight hate for instance with
+ew4vETcderI-02268-00524928-00525462 hate
+ew4vETcderI-02269-00525463-00525583 thank you
+ew4vETcderI-02270-00525584-00525799 um i'll make just
+ew4vETcderI-02271-00525800-00526079 two very quick points here uh one of the
+ew4vETcderI-02272-00526080-00526255 issues that we've had is that we know
+ew4vETcderI-02273-00526256-00526462 that many times when the left came into
+ew4vETcderI-02274-00526463-00526766 power it demobilized the people
+ew4vETcderI-02275-00526767-00527031 um not necessarily repressing revolt
+ew4vETcderI-02276-00527032-00527207 sometimes yes doing that but sometimes
+ew4vETcderI-02277-00527208-00527391 just saying no
+ew4vETcderI-02278-00527392-00527622 there are other ways so don't take it to
+ew4vETcderI-02279-00527623-00527847 the streets sometimes using the the
+ew4vETcderI-02280-00527848-00527999 excuse
+ew4vETcderI-02281-00528000-00528191 that well if there's a lot of people in
+ew4vETcderI-02282-00528192-00528407 the streets that may destabilize this
+ew4vETcderI-02283-00528408-00528614 leftist progressive government it might
+ew4vETcderI-02284-00528615-00528814 be easier for the right to come back and
+ew4vETcderI-02285-00528815-00528951 i think one of the lessons that we have
+ew4vETcderI-02286-00528952-00529111 like at least in the brazilian case is
+ew4vETcderI-02287-00529112-00529366 that demobilization did not help at all
+ew4vETcderI-02288-00529367-00529551 because there was a coup in the end
+ew4vETcderI-02289-00529552-00529855 anyway so this has to be avoided at all
+ew4vETcderI-02290-00529856-00530135 costs left to be mobilizing from every
+ew4vETcderI-02291-00530136-00530327 stance and the movements outside of the
+ew4vETcderI-02292-00530328-00530639 institutional power have the duty to uh
+ew4vETcderI-02293-00530640-00530907 keep it to the streets and keep it to
+ew4vETcderI-02294-00530908-00531159 occupations and building community
+ew4vETcderI-02295-00531160-00531439 kitchens and other forms of collective
+ew4vETcderI-02296-00531440-00531622 living they are not necessarily just in
+ew4vETcderI-02297-00531623-00531918 the format of like the protest right
+ew4vETcderI-02298-00531919-00532159 but this also means that it has to be an
+ew4vETcderI-02299-00532160-00532391 ongoing task and this is what marta
+ew4vETcderI-02300-00532392-00532622 harnecker you know late chilean thinking
+ew4vETcderI-02301-00532623-00532847 like really amazing um you should say
+ew4vETcderI-02302-00532848-00533047 that one of the problems is that we have
+ew4vETcderI-02303-00533048-00533399 kind of got adjusted to responding to
+ew4vETcderI-02304-00533400-00533647 the calendar of the right to the
+ew4vETcderI-02305-00533648-00533887 capitalists so they come they attack us
+ew4vETcderI-02306-00533888-00534047 and so for example right now in the
+ew4vETcderI-02307-00534048-00534207 united states the struggle for
+ew4vETcderI-02308-00534208-00534439 reproductive rights because while
+ew4vETcderI-02309-00534440-00534583 everyone's taking
+ew4vETcderI-02310-00534584-00534807 now to the streets to say yes we need to
+ew4vETcderI-02311-00534808-00535079 you know defend the right uh to abortion
+ew4vETcderI-02312-00535080-00535359 like safe secure abortion funded
+ew4vETcderI-02313-00535360-00535559 publicly but
+ew4vETcderI-02314-00535560-00535670 for a while they kind of said well
+ew4vETcderI-02315-00535671-00535766 there's not
+ew4vETcderI-02316-00535767-00535951 we already secured this right going back
+ew4vETcderI-02317-00535952-00536111 to the problem with rights right we
+ew4vETcderI-02318-00536112-00536239 already secured this we don't need to
+ew4vETcderI-02319-00536240-00536559 mobilize anymore and so when we get very
+ew4vETcderI-02320-00536560-00536727 used to this calendar that they're
+ew4vETcderI-02321-00536728-00536870 setting for us
+ew4vETcderI-02322-00536871-00537183 not only are they getting the whole uh
+ew4vETcderI-02323-00537184-00537366 the whole system
+ew4vETcderI-02324-00537367-00537575 of thinking around revolt with them
+ew4vETcderI-02325-00537576-00537822 they're also kind of controlling when we
+ew4vETcderI-02326-00537823-00537991 set it off right so it's like depressing
+ew4vETcderI-02327-00537992-00538231 this button and now you know the the the
+ew4vETcderI-02328-00538232-00538375 anti-capitalists and the leftists
+ew4vETcderI-02329-00538376-00538551 they're going to revolt you know we're
+ew4vETcderI-02330-00538552-00538687 going to stop pressing the bottom now
+ew4vETcderI-02331-00538688-00538870 they'll go back to their houses so we
+ew4vETcderI-02332-00538871-00539103 need to find a way to keep uh struggles
+ew4vETcderI-02333-00539104-00539399 going in a way that we can build our own
+ew4vETcderI-02334-00539400-00540255 calendars and we can set our own agendas
+ew4vETcderI-02335-00540256-00540399 so
+ew4vETcderI-02336-00540400-00540631 for one thing i think that also revolt
+ew4vETcderI-02337-00540632-00540918 has been part of the um right-wing
+ew4vETcderI-02338-00540919-00541143 protest repertoire for a long time if
+ew4vETcderI-02339-00541144-00541255 you think of
+ew4vETcderI-02340-00541256-00541647 zelda in the 30s or something and
+ew4vETcderI-02341-00541648-00541895 as far as i'm concerned they can have it
+ew4vETcderI-02342-00541896-00542135 so revolt and
+ew4vETcderI-02343-00542136-00542391 also certain from way versions of the
+ew4vETcderI-02344-00542392-00542607 term mobilization are actually quite a
+ew4vETcderI-02345-00542608-00542807 narrow and really masculinist and
+ew4vETcderI-02346-00542808-00543047 ableist concept of doing politics i
+ew4vETcderI-02347-00543048-00543295 think it's never been good for the left
+ew4vETcderI-02348-00543296-00543495 as much fun as revolting of course can
+ew4vETcderI-02349-00543496-00543743 sometimes be right i'm all for it but if
+ew4vETcderI-02350-00543744-00543855 you
+ew4vETcderI-02351-00543856-00544143 um collapse poly left politics into
+ew4vETcderI-02352-00544144-00544359 revolting you have a far too narrow
+ew4vETcderI-02353-00544360-00544503 politics and you also don't even
+ew4vETcderI-02354-00544504-00544662 understand the successful moments of
+ew4vETcderI-02355-00544663-00544799 revolt like something like the storming
+ew4vETcderI-02356-00544800-00545022 of the barricades also needed a lot of
+ew4vETcderI-02357-00545023-00545327 surrounding um practices and organizing
+ew4vETcderI-02358-00545328-00545607 to be successful and memorable so
+ew4vETcderI-02359-00545608-00545862 yeah i think organizing and again
+ew4vETcderI-02360-00545863-00546159 maintaining the production of life maybe
+ew4vETcderI-02361-00546160-00546366 in a solidarity
+ew4vETcderI-02362-00546367-00546639 informed way then that's like
+ew4vETcderI-02363-00546640-00546814 if the right takes that from us then
+ew4vETcderI-02364-00546815-00546966 we've won because then they're not right
+ew4vETcderI-02365-00546967-00547231 anymore
+ew4vETcderI-02366-00547232-00547422 thank you very much to all of you so i
+ew4vETcderI-02367-00547423-00547743 would like to invite you all for
+ew4vETcderI-02368-00547744-00548055 not only like q a but also like for your
+ew4vETcderI-02369-00548056-00548311 reflections and for sharing um your
+ew4vETcderI-02370-00548312-00548591 thoughts um at some point if it gets too
+ew4vETcderI-02371-00548592-00548783 long i will like have put a very strict
+ew4vETcderI-02372-00548784-00549022 look on my face and take the microphone
+ew4vETcderI-02373-00549023-00549127 but
+ew4vETcderI-02374-00549128-00549239 no really
+ew4vETcderI-02375-00549240-00549495 feel really free to share
+ew4vETcderI-02376-00549496-00550175 your thoughts so
+ew4vETcderI-02377-00550176-00550343 thank you thank you so much i'm really
+ew4vETcderI-02378-00550344-00550495 fascinated by the chinese example
+ew4vETcderI-02379-00550496-00550662 actually but i'm gonna ask one thing
+ew4vETcderI-02380-00550663-00550822 about like and then maybe this will
+ew4vETcderI-02381-00550823-00551079 connect to uh the german case in a sense
+ew4vETcderI-02382-00551080-00551247 because you know darren miler is also
+ew4vETcderI-02383-00551248-00551479 like talking about chinese
+ew4vETcderI-02384-00551480-00551655 uh just kind of authoritarian measures
+ew4vETcderI-02385-00551656-00551839 and how they are actually using this
+ew4vETcderI-02386-00551840-00552014 digital surveillance
+ew4vETcderI-02387-00552015-00552199 uh to establish like absolute control
+ew4vETcderI-02388-00552200-00552431 over life and then you know that he
+ew4vETcderI-02389-00552432-00552591 makes a really that's why he calls it
+ew4vETcderI-02390-00552592-00552743 like terror capitalism no not even
+ew4vETcderI-02391-00552744-00552887 surveillance capitalism just this kind
+ew4vETcderI-02392-00552888-00553159 of um there's something else there and
+ew4vETcderI-02393-00553160-00553311 then he thinks
+ew4vETcderI-02394-00553312-00553495 this is the configuration of like a new
+ew4vETcderI-02395-00553496-00553631 configuration of political economy
+ew4vETcderI-02396-00553632-00553887 because private actors non-state actors
+ew4vETcderI-02397-00553888-00554062 are involved in this kind of
+ew4vETcderI-02398-00554063-00554343 authoritarian forging for profit in a
+ew4vETcderI-02399-00554344-00554535 sense you know as we see that normally
+ew4vETcderI-02400-00554536-00554759 when we think about authoritarianism we
+ew4vETcderI-02401-00554760-00554943 think that state is taking the lead for
+ew4vETcderI-02402-00554944-00555159 absolute control but nowadays we see
+ew4vETcderI-02403-00555160-00555351 market forces dragging the state
+ew4vETcderI-02404-00555352-00555655 alongside them for you know the you know
+ew4vETcderI-02405-00555656-00555903 different dystopian future almost and
+ew4vETcderI-02406-00555904-00556039 then what do you think of this in a
+ew4vETcderI-02407-00556040-00556247 sense can we think of chinese state
+ew4vETcderI-02408-00556248-00556551 taking a new radically different form uh
+ew4vETcderI-02409-00556552-00556718 is it gonna be like you know the is it
+ew4vETcderI-02410-00556719-00556918 the new modality of neoliberalism or is
+ew4vETcderI-02411-00556919-00557111 it something else and then this connects
+ew4vETcderI-02412-00557112-00557270 almost like you know i'm also working
+ew4vETcderI-02413-00557271-00557462 with far-right groups and that's why
+ew4vETcderI-02414-00557463-00557703 it's completely similar but yeah as well
+ew4vETcderI-02415-00557704-00557887 the same thing is also like you know the
+ew4vETcderI-02416-00557888-00558111 not you know there's an amazon warehouse
+ew4vETcderI-02417-00558112-00558391 and there's like unnecessary uh highway
+ew4vETcderI-02418-00558392-00558575 almost being constructed and also like
+ew4vETcderI-02419-00558576-00558718 you know when you consider the social
+ew4vETcderI-02420-00558719-00558935 media law in germany now it gives the
+ew4vETcderI-02421-00558936-00559175 state powers to private companies
+ew4vETcderI-02422-00559176-00559503 in order to avoid fines they have to act
+ew4vETcderI-02423-00559504-00559711 as if they are the state or the courts
+ew4vETcderI-02424-00559712-00559870 so there is this kind of
+ew4vETcderI-02425-00559871-00560111 leaking almost between these two cases
+ew4vETcderI-02426-00560112-00560335 and of course germany is generally put
+ew4vETcderI-02427-00560336-00560527 in a position in antagonism to chinese
+ew4vETcderI-02428-00560528-00560743 system not just like more open and like
+ew4vETcderI-02429-00560744-00560975 rights are guaranteed but there is this
+ew4vETcderI-02430-00560976-00561151 kind of you know something is coming
+ew4vETcderI-02431-00561152-00561383 almost so there's this kind of again
+ew4vETcderI-02432-00561384-00561607 private actors are involved for like
+ew4vETcderI-02433-00561608-00561822 more authoritarian more surveillance
+ew4vETcderI-02434-00561823-00562062 systems what would you say about the
+ew4vETcderI-02435-00562063-00562279 similarities between the two maybe
+ew4vETcderI-02436-00562280-00562959 thank you
+ew4vETcderI-02437-00562960-00563318 we collect some of your remarks okay
+ew4vETcderI-02438-00563319-00563503 um first of all i would like to thank
+ew4vETcderI-02439-00563504-00563662 you for this panel it was amazing and
+ew4vETcderI-02440-00563663-00563847 very inspiring and very touching in all
+ew4vETcderI-02441-00563848-00564151 kinds of ways so i'm happy that that i
+ew4vETcderI-02442-00564152-00564422 could witness to all these
+ew4vETcderI-02443-00564423-00564670 uh presentations and secondly
+ew4vETcderI-02444-00564671-00564935 my question will be a sort of maybe a
+ew4vETcderI-02445-00564936-00565191 little bit provocative but uh maybe also
+ew4vETcderI-02446-00565192-00565399 an a good exercise for the times that we
+ew4vETcderI-02447-00565400-00565599 live in so somehow in connection with
+ew4vETcderI-02448-00565600-00565783 the panel
+ew4vETcderI-02449-00565784-00565927 the feminist panel yesterday i would
+ew4vETcderI-02450-00565928-00566014 like to
+ew4vETcderI-02451-00566015-00566159 very simple question
+ew4vETcderI-02452-00566160-00566383 do you think that today's
+ew4vETcderI-02453-00566384-00566743 anti-fascism
+ew4vETcderI-02454-00566744-00567047 somehow has to be feminist
+ew4vETcderI-02455-00567048-00567318 and if if yes if not how do you see it
+ew4vETcderI-02456-00567319-00567487 basically like if you could relate to
+ew4vETcderI-02457-00567488-00567718 this kind of short
+ew4vETcderI-02458-00567719-00567951 uh um statement because i believe that
+ew4vETcderI-02459-00567952-00568118 today and also it was very visible in
+ew4vETcderI-02460-00568119-00568343 your all of your presentations actually
+ew4vETcderI-02461-00568344-00568622 that somehow feminism has reshaped
+ew4vETcderI-02462-00568623-00568799 anti-fascism but also more generally
+ew4vETcderI-02463-00568800-00569031 political you know our ways of doing
+ew4vETcderI-02464-00569032-00569351 politics so i'm curious you know
+ew4vETcderI-02465-00569352-00569535 about your thoughts on the topic and
+ew4vETcderI-02466-00569536-00569695 thank you very much again for for this
+ew4vETcderI-02467-00569696-00569879 panel and also for these conferences we
+ew4vETcderI-02468-00569880-00570055 are slowly
+ew4vETcderI-02469-00570056-00571487 finishing it thanks so much
+ew4vETcderI-02470-00571488-00571710 yes um thank you very much i enjoyed a
+ew4vETcderI-02471-00571711-00571975 lot it was very very so provoking i
+ew4vETcderI-02472-00571976-00572239 think though and you know we we are
+ew4vETcderI-02473-00572240-00572414 talking about topias and about you know
+ew4vETcderI-02474-00572415-00572683 the possibility that go beyond the
+ew4vETcderI-02475-00572684-00572847 authoritarianism
+ew4vETcderI-02476-00572848-00573103 and i think that when we think of utopia
+ew4vETcderI-02477-00573104-00573310 also we think of the idea of freedom of
+ew4vETcderI-02478-00573311-00573622 be free you know but today it seems to
+ew4vETcderI-02479-00573623-00573831 be that the idea of freedom is more of
+ew4vETcderI-02480-00573832-00574055 helping capture having cows by the far
+ew4vETcderI-02481-00574056-00574335 right also about the so you say my life
+ew4vETcderI-02482-00574336-00574695 my my life my rights and
+ew4vETcderI-02483-00574696-00574903 slogan of of the far right
+ew4vETcderI-02484-00574904-00575118 and after the copy you know upon me the
+ew4vETcderI-02485-00575119-00575318 other freedom has been related so also
+ew4vETcderI-02486-00575319-00575518 with the far-right movement so the covet
+ew4vETcderI-02487-00575519-00575679 daniels and so on
+ew4vETcderI-02488-00575680-00575775 but
+ew4vETcderI-02489-00575776-00575943 it's also the case that the idea of
+ew4vETcderI-02490-00575944-00576087 freedom is maybe one of the most
+ew4vETcderI-02491-00576088-00576239 appealing ideas or political
+ew4vETcderI-02492-00576240-00576414 opportunities today you know like the
+ew4vETcderI-02493-00576415-00576559 people don't believe i don't know i come
+ew4vETcderI-02494-00576560-00576791 from argentinians democracy doesn't
+ew4vETcderI-02495-00576792-00577079 change anything uh justice is like a
+ew4vETcderI-02496-00577080-00577231 youtube is corruption because the
+ew4vETcderI-02497-00577232-00577455 condition is corrupted or there is
+ew4vETcderI-02498-00577456-00577662 equality so many many many people you
+ew4vETcderI-02499-00577663-00577775 know they believe of the idea of
+ew4vETcderI-02500-00577776-00578087 equality as a as as something good
+ew4vETcderI-02501-00578088-00578279 you know many people but the idea of
+ew4vETcderI-02502-00578280-00578510 freedom so the diversity of freedoms is
+ew4vETcderI-02503-00578511-00578591 still
+ew4vETcderI-02504-00578592-00578879 appealing so it's you know like it's i
+ew4vETcderI-02505-00578880-00579079 think that maybe
+ew4vETcderI-02506-00579080-00579343 and and i think that uh from left to the
+ew4vETcderI-02507-00579344-00579575 left some kind has lost the idea of
+ew4vETcderI-02508-00579576-00579927 freedom of the defense of freedom and
+ew4vETcderI-02509-00579928-00580143 what kind of freedom or or
+ew4vETcderI-02510-00580144-00580318 what do you think that should be the
+ew4vETcderI-02511-00580319-00580518 role of the idea of freedom what kind of
+ew4vETcderI-02512-00580519-00580703 freedom we do
+ew4vETcderI-02513-00580704-00580959 do we need to think of
+ew4vETcderI-02514-00580960-00581127 concrete utopias
+ew4vETcderI-02515-00581128-00581343 or what kind of freedoms or
+ew4vETcderI-02516-00581344-00581462 maybe
+ew4vETcderI-02517-00581463-00581695 do we need as idea so after all i don't
+ew4vETcderI-02518-00581696-00582807 know
+ew4vETcderI-02519-00582808-00582983 i just have a quick question maybe you
+ew4vETcderI-02520-00582984-00583255 could comment on the um
+ew4vETcderI-02521-00583256-00583359 on the
+ew4vETcderI-02522-00583360-00583622 class relations of authoritarianism
+ew4vETcderI-02523-00583623-00583895 because it's like i myself have problems
+ew4vETcderI-02524-00583896-00584118 formulating or like i have there is some
+ew4vETcderI-02525-00584119-00584391 kind of specific relations of of class
+ew4vETcderI-02526-00584392-00584583 and state or like capitalist class and
+ew4vETcderI-02527-00584584-00584839 state cooperation in in authoritarianism
+ew4vETcderI-02528-00584840-00585095 but i myself have big difficulties
+ew4vETcderI-02529-00585096-00585335 formulating it which i think is a bit
+ew4vETcderI-02530-00585336-00585543 founded in the notion that from leftist
+ew4vETcderI-02531-00585544-00585727 critique the liberal democracy is
+ew4vETcderI-02532-00585728-00585927 already acting in the complete interest
+ew4vETcderI-02533-00585928-00586118 of the capitalist class or like
+ew4vETcderI-02534-00586119-00586351 completely in there like as their arms
+ew4vETcderI-02535-00586352-00586575 and eyes and hands
+ew4vETcderI-02536-00586576-00586718 and so now
+ew4vETcderI-02537-00586719-00586935 like i'm lacking the
+ew4vETcderI-02538-00586936-00587118 like the the words to really formulate
+ew4vETcderI-02539-00587119-00587295 what this kind of relationship of the
+ew4vETcderI-02540-00587296-00587495 capitalist class and authoritarian state
+ew4vETcderI-02541-00587496-00587599 is
+ew4vETcderI-02542-00587600-00587799 um so if you could comment on that i
+ew4vETcderI-02543-00587800-00587918 would be very thankful and i would be
+ew4vETcderI-02544-00587919-00588079 happy to because i don't want to take a
+ew4vETcderI-02545-00588080-00588262 question away of someone else so maybe
+ew4vETcderI-02546-00588263-00589014 we can do another one
+ew4vETcderI-02547-00589015-00589159 yeah
+ew4vETcderI-02548-00589160-00589327 thank you
+ew4vETcderI-02549-00589328-00589407 yeah
+ew4vETcderI-02550-00589408-00589510 i
+ew4vETcderI-02551-00589511-00589927 also thank you um for those uh for your
+ew4vETcderI-02552-00589928-00590062 for your statements and for your
+ew4vETcderI-02553-00590063-00590327 thoughts i'm i'm really sad that i
+ew4vETcderI-02554-00590328-00590543 missed the rest of the conference so
+ew4vETcderI-02555-00590544-00590822 maybe what i'm gonna ask is uh touching
+ew4vETcderI-02556-00590823-00591087 on things that have already been brought
+ew4vETcderI-02557-00591088-00591287 up
+ew4vETcderI-02558-00591288-00591462 yeah lots of thoughts and questions i
+ew4vETcderI-02559-00591463-00591599 narrow it down
+ew4vETcderI-02560-00591600-00591822 on to two
+ew4vETcderI-02561-00591823-00592055 that refer to something
+ew4vETcderI-02562-00592056-00592303 that yuda meer said
+ew4vETcderI-02563-00592304-00592495 and
+ew4vETcderI-02564-00592496-00592759 first i think you mentioned
+ew4vETcderI-02565-00592760-00592870 something like
+ew4vETcderI-02566-00592871-00593191 um strategies that are
+ew4vETcderI-02567-00593192-00593487 kind of um
+ew4vETcderI-02568-00593488-00593751 like states of former yugoslavia being
+ew4vETcderI-02569-00593752-00594127 like a laboratory um to uh to tests or
+ew4vETcderI-02570-00594128-00594455 like to try out um strategies
+ew4vETcderI-02571-00594456-00594559 um
+ew4vETcderI-02572-00594560-00594822 yeah well to create like the conditions
+ew4vETcderI-02573-00594823-00595103 that are needed for um for like a
+ew4vETcderI-02574-00595104-00595318 capitalist um
+ew4vETcderI-02575-00595319-00595455 um
+ew4vETcderI-02576-00595456-00595855 economy and and and and politic and uh i
+ew4vETcderI-02577-00595856-00596047 think that's very interesting because i
+ew4vETcderI-02578-00596048-00596214 i think that's
+ew4vETcderI-02579-00596215-00596495 that needs like necessarily is happening
+ew4vETcderI-02580-00596496-00596686 all the time that
+ew4vETcderI-02581-00596687-00596855 [Music]
+ew4vETcderI-02582-00596856-00596983 like those
+ew4vETcderI-02583-00596984-00597143 spheres
+ew4vETcderI-02584-00597144-00597270 have to
+ew4vETcderI-02585-00597271-00597487 be commodified or
+ew4vETcderI-02586-00597488-00597727 whatsoever and create like a certain
+ew4vETcderI-02587-00597728-00597918 form of consciousness
+ew4vETcderI-02588-00597919-00598175 maybe and and i wanted to ask if you can
+ew4vETcderI-02589-00598176-00598391 elaborate on that a little bit
+ew4vETcderI-02590-00598392-00598710 and um the second question touches on
+ew4vETcderI-02591-00598711-00598903 this triangle
+ew4vETcderI-02592-00598904-00599143 i think you um
+ew4vETcderI-02593-00599144-00599295 you were talking about of
+ew4vETcderI-02594-00599296-00599470 insecurity
+ew4vETcderI-02595-00599471-00599670 poverty and
+ew4vETcderI-02596-00599671-00599895 trauma and
+ew4vETcderI-02597-00599896-00600262 this sounds um intuitively very
+ew4vETcderI-02598-00600263-00600703 convincing to me and it sounds very like
+ew4vETcderI-02599-00600704-00600991 solid or firm and um
+ew4vETcderI-02600-00600992-00601110 well i guess
+ew4vETcderI-02601-00601111-00601303 probably especially as a psychoanalyst
+ew4vETcderI-02602-00601304-00601431 but but
+ew4vETcderI-02603-00601432-00601614 i mean it doesn't
+ew4vETcderI-02604-00601615-00601814 not necessarily not necessarily just
+ew4vETcderI-02605-00601815-00602079 about the trauma aspect of it but like
+ew4vETcderI-02606-00602080-00602470 are there um are there any kind of
+ew4vETcderI-02607-00602471-00602647 strategies or
+ew4vETcderI-02608-00602648-00602943 specific moments where this um stability
+ew4vETcderI-02609-00602944-00603207 maybe can can become
+ew4vETcderI-02610-00603208-00603295 uh
+ew4vETcderI-02611-00603296-00603375 yeah
+ew4vETcderI-02612-00603376-00603518 um
+ew4vETcderI-02613-00603519-00603718 well
+ew4vETcderI-02614-00603719-00604422 irritated maybe
+ew4vETcderI-02615-00604423-00604647 i'll be quick
+ew4vETcderI-02616-00604648-00604910 one sentence to ever's question yes yes
+ew4vETcderI-02617-00604911-00605159 and yes i mean i think of all movements
+ew4vETcderI-02618-00605160-00605399 should be feminists if there is a lack
+ew4vETcderI-02619-00605400-00605614 of reflection of gender inequality in
+ew4vETcderI-02620-00605615-00605759 your movement then there's something
+ew4vETcderI-02621-00605760-00606079 missing so i don't see any
+ew4vETcderI-02622-00606080-00606327 doubt in that and to answer the first to
+ew4vETcderI-02623-00606328-00606470 respond to your comment i think it's a
+ew4vETcderI-02624-00606471-00606631 brilliant uh
+ew4vETcderI-02625-00606632-00606903 case or kind of uh phenomena you have
+ew4vETcderI-02626-00606904-00607103 you have pointed at and which is a very
+ew4vETcderI-02627-00607104-00607327 good reminder for all of us that when we
+ew4vETcderI-02628-00607328-00607575 think of an authoritarian regime meaning
+ew4vETcderI-02629-00607576-00607759 one authoritarian leader is actually in
+ew4vETcderI-02630-00607760-00607839 power
+ew4vETcderI-02631-00607840-00608110 we often think that's state actors well
+ew4vETcderI-02632-00608111-00608262 that's public actors that's the
+ew4vETcderI-02633-00608263-00608503 government but it's also important to
+ew4vETcderI-02634-00608504-00608710 point out how much they have co-opted
+ew4vETcderI-02635-00608711-00608975 the whole private sector and the economy
+ew4vETcderI-02636-00608976-00609247 that makes citizens depend on them and
+ew4vETcderI-02637-00609248-00609414 that's the case
+ew4vETcderI-02638-00609415-00609687 in china that in the 90s and beginning
+ew4vETcderI-02639-00609688-00609879 of 21st century
+ew4vETcderI-02640-00609880-00610070 scholars and analysts are really
+ew4vETcderI-02641-00610071-00610335 expecting the growing middle class would
+ew4vETcderI-02642-00610336-00610566 liberalize china they would demand the
+ew4vETcderI-02643-00610567-00610839 revolution or reform that demand for
+ew4vETcderI-02644-00610840-00611110 like you know improvement or change of
+ew4vETcderI-02645-00611111-00611366 regime it didn't happen because most
+ew4vETcderI-02646-00611367-00611591 middle class have gained their wealth
+ew4vETcderI-02647-00611592-00611814 from the real estate sector that has
+ew4vETcderI-02648-00611815-00611951 been of course
+ew4vETcderI-02649-00611952-00612135 given granted by the state and their
+ew4vETcderI-02650-00612136-00612359 jobs are related to state or they have
+ew4vETcderI-02651-00612360-00612559 to collaborate with the state and the
+ew4vETcderI-02652-00612560-00612695 phenomenon you're mentioning the
+ew4vETcderI-02653-00612696-00612855 so-called digital
+ew4vETcderI-02654-00612856-00613014 authoritarianism
+ew4vETcderI-02655-00613015-00613327 is a good example of how the state has
+ew4vETcderI-02656-00613328-00613703 been not only securely um i mean
+ew4vETcderI-02657-00613704-00614014 security rised i mean made security a
+ew4vETcderI-02658-00614015-00614183 kind of um
+ew4vETcderI-02659-00614184-00614343 like um
+ew4vETcderI-02660-00614344-00614622 ubiquitous in a public debate but also
+ew4vETcderI-02661-00614623-00614862 outsourced that
+ew4vETcderI-02662-00614863-00615175 security business to many companies so
+ew4vETcderI-02663-00615176-00615503 she has launched this campaign that
+ew4vETcderI-02664-00615504-00615751 all companies and state institutions
+ew4vETcderI-02665-00615752-00615975 should pay a lot of attention to their
+ew4vETcderI-02666-00615976-00616279 security level that has boosted a large
+ew4vETcderI-02667-00616280-00616575 wave of private companies creating
+ew4vETcderI-02668-00616576-00616743 anti-surveillance
+ew4vETcderI-02669-00616744-00617239 kind of equipment or classifying like
+ew4vETcderI-02670-00617240-00617431 a protocol for
+ew4vETcderI-02671-00617432-00617655 checking whether your company has met
+ew4vETcderI-02672-00617656-00617862 that security level you know it's
+ew4vETcderI-02673-00617863-00618135 business and the state has somehow
+ew4vETcderI-02674-00618136-00618359 kind of hit two bills with one stone
+ew4vETcderI-02675-00618360-00618639 they both raised the issue or
+ew4vETcderI-02676-00618640-00618743 broadened
+ew4vETcderI-02677-00618744-00618975 the use of digital civilians in the
+ew4vETcderI-02678-00618976-00619175 society they have also co-opted more
+ew4vETcderI-02679-00619176-00619431 citizens to work on it so i think it's a
+ew4vETcderI-02680-00619432-00619622 great example to show how
+ew4vETcderI-02681-00619623-00619839 authoritarianism often doesn't work
+ew4vETcderI-02682-00619840-00620087 within state but it works really cross
+ew4vETcderI-02683-00620088-00620279 the boundary of state society and
+ew4vETcderI-02684-00620280-00620583 private and public
+ew4vETcderI-02685-00620584-00620743 and you ask me what could be the
+ew4vETcderI-02686-00620744-00621007 alternative of the chinese state i think
+ew4vETcderI-02687-00621008-00621166 that has been
+ew4vETcderI-02688-00621167-00621439 has disappointed many observers of china
+ew4vETcderI-02689-00621440-00621743 that they have been expecting
+ew4vETcderI-02690-00621744-00621975 the democratization of china especially
+ew4vETcderI-02691-00621976-00622207 given there has been quite a liberal
+ew4vETcderI-02692-00622208-00622527 period throughout the 80s and later also
+ew4vETcderI-02693-00622528-00622743 in early the first decade of 21st
+ew4vETcderI-02694-00622744-00622991 century it didn't happen because the
+ew4vETcderI-02695-00622992-00623199 thing with authoritarian regime is that
+ew4vETcderI-02696-00623200-00623407 it's not like it's not that they don't
+ew4vETcderI-02697-00623408-00623639 bring progress actually they bring a lot
+ew4vETcderI-02698-00623640-00623847 of improvement of many things and they
+ew4vETcderI-02699-00623848-00624110 also start to open up they also actually
+ew4vETcderI-02700-00624111-00624270 use democratic
+ew4vETcderI-02701-00624271-00624510 measurements in their governance they
+ew4vETcderI-02702-00624511-00624710 listen to people's views but the thing
+ew4vETcderI-02703-00624711-00624983 is it's not stable and any kind of shock
+ew4vETcderI-02704-00624984-00625247 can immediately close up all
+ew4vETcderI-02705-00625248-00625431 pockets of like
+ew4vETcderI-02706-00625432-00625614 liberties and civil society will be
+ew4vETcderI-02707-00625615-00625799 immediately shut down overnight and
+ew4vETcderI-02708-00625800-00626062 that's exactly what's happening in sea's
+ew4vETcderI-02709-00626063-00626455 era is that um that crisis has somehow
+ew4vETcderI-02710-00626456-00626759 triggered this regime to really tighten
+ew4vETcderI-02711-00626760-00626903 up the control
+ew4vETcderI-02712-00626904-00627143 um and of course i think history is kind
+ew4vETcderI-02713-00627144-00627335 of spiral
+ew4vETcderI-02714-00627336-00627599 it goes in a spiral way that i'm sure we
+ew4vETcderI-02715-00627600-00627966 will see china or regimes like china to
+ew4vETcderI-02716-00627967-00628222 gradually relax and maybe liberalize a
+ew4vETcderI-02717-00628223-00628470 bit again in the following decades and
+ew4vETcderI-02718-00628471-00628766 one day it will have another shock so i
+ew4vETcderI-02719-00628767-00628887 think it's
+ew4vETcderI-02720-00628888-00629670 something to to be observed
+ew4vETcderI-02721-00629671-00629855 okay i'll just pick up on this i
+ew4vETcderI-02722-00629856-00630095 immediately like the word irritated you
+ew4vETcderI-02723-00630096-00630287 know how to irritate this triad and i
+ew4vETcderI-02724-00630288-00630479 was wondering so why do i like it so
+ew4vETcderI-02725-00630480-00630799 much and because you know etymologically
+ew4vETcderI-02726-00630800-00631055 it has it has the roots into into
+ew4vETcderI-02727-00631056-00631295 exciting or provoking
+ew4vETcderI-02728-00631296-00631551 as in as in calling forth something that
+ew4vETcderI-02729-00631552-00631895 doesn't exist there anymore so
+ew4vETcderI-02730-00631896-00632062 insecurity
+ew4vETcderI-02731-00632063-00632262 poverty trauma
+ew4vETcderI-02732-00632263-00632527 kind of takes hold over life and death
+ew4vETcderI-02733-00632528-00632799 and and why why that's important for
+ew4vETcderI-02734-00632800-00632975 instance and how to irritate it how to
+ew4vETcderI-02735-00632976-00633239 irritate it it means how to liberate
+ew4vETcderI-02736-00633240-00633559 people from the hold of that for
+ew4vETcderI-02737-00633560-00633822 instance in games in case of the regimes
+ew4vETcderI-02738-00633823-00634070 of of of governance through trauma
+ew4vETcderI-02739-00634071-00634191 through
+ew4vETcderI-02740-00634192-00634487 the attendant commemorative practices or
+ew4vETcderI-02741-00634488-00634695 transitional justice mechanisms as they
+ew4vETcderI-02742-00634696-00634887 are kind of imposed by the international
+ew4vETcderI-02743-00634888-00635207 community it actually means developing
+ew4vETcderI-02744-00635208-00635287 not
+ew4vETcderI-02745-00635288-00635495 privatized
+ew4vETcderI-02746-00635496-00635727 or ethnicized
+ew4vETcderI-02747-00635728-00636022 um practice of talking about loss it
+ew4vETcderI-02748-00636023-00636207 means actually talking about losses
+ew4vETcderI-02749-00636208-00636535 properly social so for instance i mean i
+ew4vETcderI-02750-00636536-00636703 i used to work with the
+ew4vETcderI-02751-00636704-00636895 um with a lot of families of the missing
+ew4vETcderI-02752-00636896-00637007 people i
+ew4vETcderI-02753-00637008-00637127 worked on
+ew4vETcderI-02754-00637128-00637351 on mars graves particularly clandestine
+ew4vETcderI-02755-00637352-00637543 mars graves and it all you know kind of
+ew4vETcderI-02756-00637544-00637831 led me to think so why
+ew4vETcderI-02757-00637832-00637999 are these
+ew4vETcderI-02758-00638000-00638222 graves hidden and why are those people
+ew4vETcderI-02759-00638223-00638399 who hid them actually in power installed
+ew4vETcderI-02760-00638400-00638639 by the international community who know
+ew4vETcderI-02761-00638640-00638855 where the locations of these mass graves
+ew4vETcderI-02762-00638856-00638927 are
+ew4vETcderI-02763-00638928-00639166 so they're there kind of as a golden
+ew4vETcderI-02764-00639167-00639351 investment of these elites kind of to
+ew4vETcderI-02765-00639352-00639575 keep being in power right
+ew4vETcderI-02766-00639576-00639662 um
+ew4vETcderI-02767-00639663-00639999 and also then the remains from these
+ew4vETcderI-02768-00640000-00640143 mass graves
+ew4vETcderI-02769-00640144-00640414 are completely
+ew4vETcderI-02770-00640415-00640647 reappropriated by ethnonationalist
+ew4vETcderI-02771-00640648-00640935 projects and they are buried and
+ew4vETcderI-02772-00640936-00641283 kind of stamped religiously as
+ew4vETcderI-02773-00641284-00641503 ethnic um
+ew4vETcderI-02774-00641504-00641607 loss
+ew4vETcderI-02775-00641608-00641807 and the problem with that is that in
+ew4vETcderI-02776-00641808-00642022 this kind of neoliberal peace the
+ew4vETcderI-02777-00642023-00642327 neoliberal peace in bosnia-herzegovina
+ew4vETcderI-02778-00642328-00642575 perpetuates the logic of the gaze of the
+ew4vETcderI-02779-00642576-00642822 perpetrator of the of the crime because
+ew4vETcderI-02780-00642823-00642991 only in
+ew4vETcderI-02781-00642992-00643070 the
+ew4vETcderI-02782-00643071-00643255 in the in the logic of the perpetrator
+ew4vETcderI-02783-00643256-00643551 of the of the crime the other had to be
+ew4vETcderI-02784-00643552-00643799 hallucinated as the ethnic other and
+ew4vETcderI-02785-00643800-00644062 then executed right so
+ew4vETcderI-02786-00644063-00644327 it also then means to to how do you kind
+ew4vETcderI-02787-00644328-00644527 of actually intervene into the constant
+ew4vETcderI-02788-00644528-00644670 insecurity
+ew4vETcderI-02789-00644671-00644887 open any newspaper
+ew4vETcderI-02790-00644888-00645118 but like yesterday bosnia herzegovina is
+ew4vETcderI-02791-00645119-00645270 going to be the next target of cyber
+ew4vETcderI-02792-00645271-00645431 attack by russia
+ew4vETcderI-02793-00645432-00645535 um
+ew4vETcderI-02794-00645536-00645807 uh or and georgia as well so
+ew4vETcderI-02795-00645808-00646151 russian influences um a lot of fear
+ew4vETcderI-02796-00646152-00646439 being constantly separation is you know
+ew4vETcderI-02797-00646440-00646743 is is serbia going to invade supported
+ew4vETcderI-02798-00646744-00646966 by russia et cetera et cetera um you
+ew4vETcderI-02799-00646967-00647303 know it is it's been a fantastic lab
+ew4vETcderI-02800-00647304-00647566 bosnian you know not only because it
+ew4vETcderI-02801-00647567-00647766 enabled clinton to develop this kind of
+ew4vETcderI-02802-00647767-00648079 muscle diplomacy as it has and you know
+ew4vETcderI-02803-00648080-00648279 later on bosnia herzegovina is going to
+ew4vETcderI-02804-00648280-00648607 be used um you know to to think about
+ew4vETcderI-02805-00648608-00648807 bombing of libya to think about
+ew4vETcderI-02806-00648808-00648991 interventions in syria
+ew4vETcderI-02807-00648992-00649231 but also to think about you know and
+ew4vETcderI-02808-00649232-00649518 then then bosnian labor going to to
+ew4vETcderI-02809-00649519-00649766 actually work for american military
+ew4vETcderI-02810-00649767-00650007 because they have learned how to service
+ew4vETcderI-02811-00650008-00650318 the american wars and then become these
+ew4vETcderI-02812-00650319-00650583 in post-fordist authoritarian regimes
+ew4vETcderI-02813-00650584-00650847 very good kind of labor subjects but
+ew4vETcderI-02814-00650848-00651118 also there is another export industry
+ew4vETcderI-02815-00651119-00651303 by bosnian labor in addition to medical
+ew4vETcderI-02816-00651304-00651575 industry and that's forensic science
+ew4vETcderI-02817-00651576-00651783 kind of you know because
+ew4vETcderI-02818-00651784-00652039 bosnians are well trained into putting
+ew4vETcderI-02819-00652040-00652359 together the remains right so
+ew4vETcderI-02820-00652360-00652583 i think i think it's it's it's really
+ew4vETcderI-02821-00652584-00652751 interesting then
+ew4vETcderI-02822-00652752-00653022 then to think about uh
+ew4vETcderI-02823-00653023-00653159 what are the possibilities of
+ew4vETcderI-02824-00653160-00653495 intervening so how do you move
+ew4vETcderI-02825-00653496-00653727 people from a victimized positions to
+ew4vETcderI-02826-00653728-00653935 understanding that they have survived
+ew4vETcderI-02827-00653936-00654070 and for us
+ew4vETcderI-02828-00654071-00654287 it's meant through various practices of
+ew4vETcderI-02829-00654288-00654527 activism academia also the knowledge
+ew4vETcderI-02830-00654528-00654775 production you know you talked about it
+ew4vETcderI-02831-00654776-00654983 i mean you know in addition to all of
+ew4vETcderI-02832-00654984-00655127 these international regimes of
+ew4vETcderI-02833-00655128-00655527 governance um that are that are being um
+ew4vETcderI-02834-00655528-00655662 kind of perpetuated in bosnian heads
+ew4vETcderI-02835-00655663-00655855 governor thinking about it the
+ew4vETcderI-02836-00655856-00656079 international office of migration is
+ew4vETcderI-02837-00656080-00656335 maintaining camps for migrants
+ew4vETcderI-02838-00656336-00656639 it is uh there are transitional justice
+ew4vETcderI-02839-00656640-00656935 organizations carrying out
+ew4vETcderI-02840-00656936-00657127 these kind of commemorative practices
+ew4vETcderI-02841-00657128-00657351 etc etc so these are all
+ew4vETcderI-02842-00657352-00657647 non-state actors that are international
+ew4vETcderI-02843-00657648-00657895 actors kind of you know intervening into
+ew4vETcderI-02844-00657896-00658083 the polity
+ew4vETcderI-02845-00658084-00658439 um it is important for us
+ew4vETcderI-02846-00658440-00658655 to start thinking about
+ew4vETcderI-02847-00658656-00658903 how we've after the war we stopped
+ew4vETcderI-02848-00658904-00659087 counting the losses and we actually
+ew4vETcderI-02849-00659088-00659310 started counting the gains
+ew4vETcderI-02850-00659311-00659422 so
+ew4vETcderI-02851-00659423-00659743 all life that has survived
+ew4vETcderI-02852-00659744-00659822 is
+ew4vETcderI-02853-00659823-00660062 amazing for us because the wartime logic
+ew4vETcderI-02854-00660063-00660391 continues so it is not only human waste
+ew4vETcderI-02855-00660392-00660575 that was produced and then buried in
+ew4vETcderI-02856-00660576-00660791 unknown mass graves right
+ew4vETcderI-02857-00660792-00661007 that then communities would be silent
+ew4vETcderI-02858-00661008-00661207 about for 15 years
+ew4vETcderI-02859-00661208-00661422 and then all of a sudden they would say
+ew4vETcderI-02860-00661423-00661655 there is this awful smell our water is
+ew4vETcderI-02861-00661656-00661831 contaminated
+ew4vETcderI-02862-00661832-00662079 and they knew all the time that actually
+ew4vETcderI-02863-00662080-00662279 mass graves containing several thousand
+ew4vETcderI-02864-00662280-00662518 people out there so it is this kind of
+ew4vETcderI-02865-00662519-00662862 the logical waste that is now continuing
+ew4vETcderI-02866-00662863-00662958 you know
+ew4vETcderI-02867-00662959-00663199 from the war all the way now to to kind
+ew4vETcderI-02868-00663200-00663495 of uh chemical waste being left and
+ew4vETcderI-02869-00663496-00663751 abandoned so there is no discontinuity
+ew4vETcderI-02870-00663752-00663966 there is only the continuity of the
+ew4vETcderI-02871-00663967-00664279 production of war and human waste and
+ew4vETcderI-02872-00664280-00664695 the necessity to identify yourself as as
+ew4vETcderI-02873-00664696-00665039 as wasted as being worth for nothing and
+ew4vETcderI-02874-00665040-00665279 in this kind of and th this is what's
+ew4vETcderI-02875-00665280-00665470 interesting um
+ew4vETcderI-02876-00665471-00665847 uh because on the argentinian case um
+ew4vETcderI-02877-00665848-00666062 we heard that how anxiety and
+ew4vETcderI-02878-00666063-00666287 depressions are kind of monetized but
+ew4vETcderI-02879-00666288-00666470 actually and this is the the problem of
+ew4vETcderI-02880-00666471-00666710 survival and this is the the the
+ew4vETcderI-02881-00666711-00666879 promotion by the international community
+ew4vETcderI-02882-00666880-00667039 of the resilience
+ew4vETcderI-02883-00667040-00667151 like you know but whenever i hear
+ew4vETcderI-02884-00667152-00667351 resilience that i don't have hair but my
+ew4vETcderI-02885-00667352-00667599 hair would be racing right so
+ew4vETcderI-02886-00667600-00667783 by actually being resilient you are
+ew4vETcderI-02887-00667784-00667999 being actually trained to withstand the
+ew4vETcderI-02888-00668000-00668199 impacts of the market right and you have
+ew4vETcderI-02889-00668200-00668503 to develop this kind of plasticity right
+ew4vETcderI-02890-00668504-00668766 so against this i mean it's like capital
+ew4vETcderI-02891-00668767-00668983 has found a way and i on the bosnian
+ew4vETcderI-02892-00668984-00669295 example is to in this survival survival
+ew4vETcderI-02893-00669296-00669518 entails dying
+ew4vETcderI-02894-00669519-00669727 and then being able to survive so what
+ew4vETcderI-02895-00669728-00669999 is monetized is this
+ew4vETcderI-02896-00670000-00670175 kind of
+ew4vETcderI-02897-00670176-00670431 interval of dying
+ew4vETcderI-02898-00670432-00670599 and then coming through
+ew4vETcderI-02899-00670600-00670822 and this is the this is what's so
+ew4vETcderI-02900-00670823-00671007 fascinating what's so scary about
+ew4vETcderI-02901-00671008-00671239 contemporary kind of monetization
+ew4vETcderI-02902-00671240-00671470 practices
+ew4vETcderI-02903-00671471-00671662 and yes anti-fascism
+ew4vETcderI-02904-00671663-00671791 there is no such a thing as a
+ew4vETcderI-02905-00671792-00672127 non-feminist anti-fascism
+ew4vETcderI-02906-00672128-00672222 thank you
+ew4vETcderI-02907-00672223-00672487 thanks a lot
+ew4vETcderI-02908-00672488-00672591 yeah uh
+ew4vETcderI-02909-00672592-00672687 um
+ew4vETcderI-02910-00672688-00672991 very rich question so let me sort of
+ew4vETcderI-02911-00672992-00673247 say firstly yes uh
+ew4vETcderI-02912-00673248-00673414 um
+ew4vETcderI-02913-00673415-00673679 all progressive movements uh being
+ew4vETcderI-02914-00673680-00673855 informed by feminism
+ew4vETcderI-02915-00673856-00674151 it fills us you know many gaps that we
+ew4vETcderI-02916-00674152-00674343 had in our practice in the past there
+ew4vETcderI-02917-00674344-00674718 are many reminders and uh it is central
+ew4vETcderI-02918-00674719-00674847 um
+ew4vETcderI-02919-00674848-00675031 could pick up on other questions but i
+ew4vETcderI-02920-00675032-00675158 just wanted to
+ew4vETcderI-02921-00675159-00675351 respond
+ew4vETcderI-02922-00675352-00675558 to your question is freedom at the
+ew4vETcderI-02923-00675559-00675758 center of our
+ew4vETcderI-02924-00675759-00675958 we're calling it utopia i think uh
+ew4vETcderI-02925-00675959-00676343 imagined future because
+ew4vETcderI-02926-00676344-00676535 it's not a it's not a utopia it's
+ew4vETcderI-02927-00676536-00676751 something that we believe is possible
+ew4vETcderI-02928-00676752-00676935 and we will uh
+ew4vETcderI-02929-00676936-00677183 accomplish it i think freedom is very
+ew4vETcderI-02930-00677184-00677407 important a very important part of it
+ew4vETcderI-02931-00677408-00677495 but
+ew4vETcderI-02932-00677496-00677679 if i had to choose one
+ew4vETcderI-02933-00677680-00678039 center i would really choose solidarity
+ew4vETcderI-02934-00678040-00678303 i could have used the word fraternity
+ew4vETcderI-02935-00678304-00678822 i recognize the problems with the word
+ew4vETcderI-02936-00678823-00679047 it excludes sisterhood and
+ew4vETcderI-02937-00679048-00679239 and many other things but
+ew4vETcderI-02938-00679240-00679310 in
+ew4vETcderI-02939-00679311-00679566 in in the indian constitution actually
+ew4vETcderI-02940-00679567-00679679 uh
+ew4vETcderI-02941-00679680-00679927 the hindi word is
+ew4vETcderI-02942-00679928-00680151 is
+ew4vETcderI-02943-00680152-00680407 for fraternity and it's a lovely word
+ew4vETcderI-02944-00680408-00680622 because it really means ultimately that
+ew4vETcderI-02945-00680623-00680935 we are bound to and with each other
+ew4vETcderI-02946-00680936-00681103 and that notion
+ew4vETcderI-02947-00681104-00681358 that we are bound to so injustice to you
+ew4vETcderI-02948-00681359-00681543 is injustice to me
+ew4vETcderI-02949-00681544-00681783 if you suffer
+ew4vETcderI-02950-00681784-00681999 i suffer
+ew4vETcderI-02951-00682000-00682239 with you
+ew4vETcderI-02952-00682240-00682591 that idea is very central i think and if
+ew4vETcderI-02953-00682592-00682895 if something is most fundamental uh
+ew4vETcderI-02954-00682896-00683031 when in the writing of our constitution
+ew4vETcderI-02955-00683032-00683135 and in the
+ew4vETcderI-02956-00683136-00683375 why the argument that fraternity was was
+ew4vETcderI-02957-00683376-00683614 really the most justice liberty equality
+ew4vETcderI-02958-00683615-00683935 fraternity justice liberty and equality
+ew4vETcderI-02959-00683936-00684231 are possible without fraternity
+ew4vETcderI-02960-00684232-00684518 but only with the power of the state
+ew4vETcderI-02961-00684519-00684758 if there is fraternity
+ew4vETcderI-02962-00684759-00684910 or bandha
+ew4vETcderI-02963-00684911-00685151 or solidarity then justice liberty and
+ew4vETcderI-02964-00685152-00685439 equality become the natural order of
+ew4vETcderI-02965-00685440-00685679 things and doesn't require
+ew4vETcderI-02966-00685680-00685910 enforcement by the power of the state
+ew4vETcderI-02967-00685911-00686175 and to that extent it becomes the most
+ew4vETcderI-02968-00686176-00686303 fundamental
+ew4vETcderI-02969-00686304-00686391 to
+ew4vETcderI-02970-00686392-00686935 our imagination of a better future
+ew4vETcderI-02971-00686936-00687110 i agree that solidarity has to go
+ew4vETcderI-02972-00687111-00687375 together i don't think like um
+ew4vETcderI-02973-00687376-00687599 we should give up on the award word
+ew4vETcderI-02974-00687600-00687807 i'm i don't like giving up on words i
+ew4vETcderI-02975-00687808-00687991 like just like trying to attach other
+ew4vETcderI-02976-00687992-00688127 meanings to it and make sure that they
+ew4vETcderI-02977-00688128-00688295 come together and review the context
+ew4vETcderI-02978-00688296-00688495 right so our context for freedom is that
+ew4vETcderI-02979-00688496-00688643 solidarity i really like the word
+ew4vETcderI-02980-00688644-00688847 emancipation because it kind of and we
+ew4vETcderI-02981-00688848-00689031 had this discussion in one of the panels
+ew4vETcderI-02982-00689032-00689247 uh earlier this week as well because i'm
+ew4vETcderI-02983-00689248-00689414 not a linguist so probably it doesn't
+ew4vETcderI-02984-00689415-00689551 make any sense what i'm gonna say here
+ew4vETcderI-02985-00689552-00689775 but emancipation to me kinda implies
+ew4vETcderI-02986-00689776-00689983 some movement so like when i talk about
+ew4vETcderI-02987-00689984-00690158 emancipation i think of the movement of
+ew4vETcderI-02988-00690159-00690462 emancipating and um
+ew4vETcderI-02989-00690463-00690647 and freedom sometimes sounds a little
+ew4vETcderI-02990-00690648-00690903 static to me like a model that's there
+ew4vETcderI-02991-00690904-00691143 so i like to put them together but i
+ew4vETcderI-02992-00691144-00691358 want to take the the point on
+ew4vETcderI-02993-00691359-00691503 yes i think we all agree on the whole
+ew4vETcderI-02994-00691504-00691814 thing on anti uh fascism having to be
+ew4vETcderI-02995-00691815-00691943 feminist
+ew4vETcderI-02996-00691944-00692310 but the praxis is very different
+ew4vETcderI-02997-00692311-00692670 and i think we need to stress this there
+ew4vETcderI-02998-00692671-00692918 is a lot of resistance in
+ew4vETcderI-02999-00692919-00693183 anti-fascist movements and in the left
+ew4vETcderI-03000-00693184-00693431 that proclaims itself as anti-fascists
+ew4vETcderI-03001-00693432-00693735 to uh embedding feminist praxis
+ew4vETcderI-03002-00693736-00694031 uh within our spaces so the way that we
+ew4vETcderI-03003-00694032-00694310 organize ourselves our assemblies uh who
+ew4vETcderI-03004-00694311-00694518 will include in our spaces so for
+ew4vETcderI-03005-00694519-00694743 example because eva mentioned the
+ew4vETcderI-03006-00694744-00694927 problem like masculine and ableist
+ew4vETcderI-03007-00694928-00695239 practices like we've had a lot of fights
+ew4vETcderI-03008-00695240-00695495 over the years on like having to we have
+ew4vETcderI-03009-00695496-00695695 our meetings and there are no spaces for
+ew4vETcderI-03010-00695696-00695855 children and if there are no spaces for
+ew4vETcderI-03011-00695856-00696022 children there's no space spaces for
+ew4vETcderI-03012-00696023-00696270 mothers so this is one of the things are
+ew4vETcderI-03013-00696271-00696414 like oh let's have a meeting and there
+ew4vETcderI-03014-00696415-00696622 are only stairs so like we are excluding
+ew4vETcderI-03015-00696623-00696831 people who have certain physical
+ew4vETcderI-03016-00696832-00697062 disabilities and when we
+ew4vETcderI-03017-00697063-00697191 complain about these things it's like
+ew4vETcderI-03018-00697192-00697366 yeah but we're already doing so much
+ew4vETcderI-03019-00697367-00697727 this is not the priority so feminism if
+ew4vETcderI-03020-00697728-00697839 we're actually going to take it very
+ew4vETcderI-03021-00697840-00697999 seriously within the anti-fascist
+ew4vETcderI-03022-00698000-00698110 movement
+ew4vETcderI-03023-00698111-00698295 it has to be about shifting some of the
+ew4vETcderI-03024-00698296-00698535 priorities and this is going to be
+ew4vETcderI-03025-00698536-00698831 something that in the end everyone will
+ew4vETcderI-03026-00698832-00699070 win because it opens up horizons so it
+ew4vETcderI-03027-00699071-00699343 emancipates in that sense but at first
+ew4vETcderI-03028-00699344-00699487 it's going to look like some people are
+ew4vETcderI-03029-00699488-00699639 going to have to lose because they're
+ew4vETcderI-03030-00699640-00699814 going to have to lose some spaces uh
+ew4vETcderI-03031-00699815-00700022 some of their like very strict ideas on
+ew4vETcderI-03032-00700023-00700383 how we do things um this notion that
+ew4vETcderI-03033-00700384-00700607 anti-fascism is like you know just like
+ew4vETcderI-03034-00700608-00700862 oh it's i'm gonna punch the fascist or
+ew4vETcderI-03035-00700863-00700999 something like that but then you don't
+ew4vETcderI-03036-00701000-00701231 have anything to offer and one thing
+ew4vETcderI-03037-00701232-00701391 like actually like the past years in
+ew4vETcderI-03038-00701392-00701575 brazil a lot of these people who are
+ew4vETcderI-03039-00701576-00701751 online saying that i'm going to punch
+ew4vETcderI-03040-00701752-00702031 the fascists never punch the fascist
+ew4vETcderI-03041-00702032-00702135 never
+ew4vETcderI-03042-00702136-00702391 right but they always claim me and like
+ew4vETcderI-03043-00702392-00702614 yeah and then in always in a very
+ew4vETcderI-03044-00702615-00702847 masculine sense so this is something
+ew4vETcderI-03045-00702848-00703039 that we really really have to tackle but
+ew4vETcderI-03046-00703040-00703191 on the thing on the class relations of
+ew4vETcderI-03047-00703192-00703447 authoritarianism uh that i think are
+ew4vETcderI-03048-00703448-00703758 really important what are uh mentioned
+ew4vETcderI-03049-00703759-00704095 is that for us at least uh it was quite
+ew4vETcderI-03050-00704096-00704214 clear for us that this is a matter of
+ew4vETcderI-03051-00704215-00704495 crisis right liberal democracy manages
+ew4vETcderI-03052-00704496-00704670 the the relationship between the state
+ew4vETcderI-03053-00704671-00704839 and the capitalist class
+ew4vETcderI-03054-00704840-00705055 pretty well under normal times when when
+ew4vETcderI-03055-00705056-00705310 there's a crisis um the capitalist class
+ew4vETcderI-03056-00705311-00705487 one seems a lot faster and they want
+ew4vETcderI-03057-00705488-00705751 certain um a little bit of insurance
+ew4vETcderI-03058-00705752-00705903 that things are going to go that way and
+ew4vETcderI-03059-00705904-00706158 this is why it's easier to you know let
+ew4vETcderI-03060-00706159-00706414 let's access these more authoritarian
+ew4vETcderI-03061-00706415-00706695 practices uh practices so in that sense
+ew4vETcderI-03062-00706696-00706862 you know we're not gonna lose or we're
+ew4vETcderI-03063-00706863-00707079 going to gain a few things that we kind
+ew4vETcderI-03064-00707080-00707287 of had to give up on in these liberal
+ew4vETcderI-03065-00707288-00707607 negotiations in the past so um i'm going
+ew4vETcderI-03066-00707608-00707975 to end here yeah
+ew4vETcderI-03067-00707976-00708087 um
+ew4vETcderI-03068-00708088-00708166 so
+ew4vETcderI-03069-00708167-00708391 on already question why does the
+ew4vETcderI-03070-00708392-00708607 capitalist class need authoritarianism
+ew4vETcderI-03071-00708608-00708862 given how well liberal
+ew4vETcderI-03072-00708863-00709143 rulers do that work for them i think you
+ew4vETcderI-03073-00709144-00709375 need authoritarianism
+ew4vETcderI-03074-00709376-00709583 when you want to split
+ew4vETcderI-03075-00709584-00709903 the working population in a new way
+ew4vETcderI-03076-00709904-00710070 and when you want to make something
+ew4vETcderI-03077-00710071-00710255 extractable that wasn't extractable
+ew4vETcderI-03078-00710256-00710455 before so kind of the i would call it
+ew4vETcderI-03079-00710456-00710710 privatizing violence
+ew4vETcderI-03080-00710711-00710855 um
+ew4vETcderI-03081-00710856-00711070 i think that the discussion about the
+ew4vETcderI-03082-00711071-00711262 platforms and amazon
+ew4vETcderI-03083-00711263-00711487 and anti-fascism would be too detailed
+ew4vETcderI-03084-00711488-00711647 and long but one thing i want to say on
+ew4vETcderI-03085-00711648-00711935 that is that the frankfurt school theory
+ew4vETcderI-03086-00711936-00712247 of authoritarianism right they
+ew4vETcderI-03087-00712248-00712575 stressed very much the situation or the
+ew4vETcderI-03088-00712576-00712783 stage of capitalism as monopoly
+ew4vETcderI-03089-00712784-00713031 capitalism but monopoly of market share
+ew4vETcderI-03090-00713032-00713151 and now we have a different
+ew4vETcderI-03091-00713152-00713343 configuration where we have monopoly in
+ew4vETcderI-03092-00713344-00713591 markets by certain platforms and i think
+ew4vETcderI-03093-00713592-00713735 that that's something we need to like
+ew4vETcderI-03094-00713736-00713966 really think through um for the current
+ew4vETcderI-03095-00713967-00714095 conjunction
+ew4vETcderI-03096-00714096-00714543 um
+ew4vETcderI-03097-00714544-00714799 on the anti-fascist feminism because of
+ew4vETcderI-03098-00714800-00714983 course i also agree i maybe just want to
+ew4vETcderI-03099-00714984-00715151 make the footnote that
+ew4vETcderI-03100-00715152-00715375 of course feminism unfortunately isn't i
+ew4vETcderI-03101-00715376-00715575 mean this room for sure it is but in its
+ew4vETcderI-03102-00715576-00715791 it's not automatically anti-fascist
+ew4vETcderI-03103-00715792-00715975 itself so we need the right kind of
+ew4vETcderI-03104-00715976-00716151 feminism and especially in germany we
+ew4vETcderI-03105-00716152-00716335 have a sort of self-proclaimed feminism
+ew4vETcderI-03106-00716336-00716514 that is homo national
+ew4vETcderI-03107-00716515-00716775 trans-excluding and like
+ew4vETcderI-03108-00716776-00717007 muslim phobic and just horrible so not
+ew4vETcderI-03109-00717008-00717103 that
+ew4vETcderI-03110-00717104-00717222 feminism
+ew4vETcderI-03111-00717223-00717414 and freedom yeah i think we should
+ew4vETcderI-03112-00717415-00717607 totally stick to the notion of freedom
+ew4vETcderI-03113-00717608-00717679 and
+ew4vETcderI-03114-00717680-00717847 of course like there's a long-left
+ew4vETcderI-03115-00717848-00718007 tradition of thinking freedom are based
+ew4vETcderI-03116-00718008-00718303 on solidarity and i also think at this
+ew4vETcderI-03117-00718304-00718527 moment we need something like a
+ew4vETcderI-03118-00718528-00718751 horizon of freedom as the abundance of
+ew4vETcderI-03119-00718752-00718839 time
+ew4vETcderI-03120-00718840-00719039 like not conquering space but actually
+ew4vETcderI-03121-00719040-00719543 having time and lifetime and flourishing
+ew4vETcderI-03122-00719544-00720055 that was a very good last point because
+ew4vETcderI-03123-00720056-00720358 i i we would be like right on time but i
+ew4vETcderI-03124-00720359-00720631 would very much like to hear one more
+ew4vETcderI-03125-00720632-00721199 round of your comments if that is okay
+ew4vETcderI-03126-00721200-00721447 comments not questions so that we close
+ew4vETcderI-03127-00721448-00721566 like in
+ew4vETcderI-03128-00721567-00722047 10 minutes around
+ew4vETcderI-03129-00722048-00722270 if you wish to if you have them
+ew4vETcderI-03130-00722271-00722510 of course if you all feel that it's a
+ew4vETcderI-03131-00722511-00722841 good moment to go home
+ew4vETcderI-03132-00722842-00722999 [Music]
+ew4vETcderI-03133-00723000-00723127 i will
+ew4vETcderI-03134-00723128-00723255 i just
+ew4vETcderI-03135-00723256-00723551 can i can i ask a question is it fine
+ew4vETcderI-03136-00723552-00723703 can i answer it
+ew4vETcderI-03137-00723704-00723831 okay
+ew4vETcderI-03138-00723832-00724135 my question is to damir actually uh you
+ew4vETcderI-03139-00724136-00724287 know like looking at the indian
+ew4vETcderI-03140-00724288-00724527 situation harsh you talked about there
+ew4vETcderI-03141-00724528-00724766 is hope in uh you know of course the
+ew4vETcderI-03142-00724767-00724983 hindu muslim just like race it's like a
+ew4vETcderI-03143-00724984-00725166 fiction but people will be killed for
+ew4vETcderI-03144-00725167-00725431 that fiction of different set of people
+ew4vETcderI-03145-00725432-00725575 but you know for example if you look at
+ew4vETcderI-03146-00725576-00725847 even solidarity what happened after the
+ew4vETcderI-03147-00725848-00726207 anti-ca protests for example uh natasha
+ew4vETcderI-03148-00726208-00726414 in the middle class hindu population who
+ew4vETcderI-03149-00726415-00726639 stood with it you pay different costs
+ew4vETcderI-03150-00726640-00726831 whereas somebody like gulshifa fatima is
+ew4vETcderI-03151-00726832-00727055 still under arrest and you know omar
+ew4vETcderI-03152-00727056-00727191 khalid you don't know when he is going
+ew4vETcderI-03153-00727192-00727510 to come out so in even very conservative
+ew4vETcderI-03154-00727511-00727743 scholars of violence like ashutosh
+ew4vETcderI-03155-00727744-00727847 washington
+ew4vETcderI-03156-00727848-00728022 there is going to be a large-scale
+ew4vETcderI-03157-00728023-00728222 program in india and that will happen
+ew4vETcderI-03158-00728223-00728495 and and you know even to resist it might
+ew4vETcderI-03159-00728496-00728766 be increasing violence there is no point
+ew4vETcderI-03160-00728767-00728966 of getting the muslims together because
+ew4vETcderI-03161-00728967-00729127 that will just increase the violence and
+ew4vETcderI-03162-00729128-00729399 create an army so that uh uh you know
+ew4vETcderI-03163-00729400-00729687 dumb coming to you like death like as
+ew4vETcderI-03164-00729688-00729895 like a certainty and then survive so can
+ew4vETcderI-03165-00729896-00730143 we learn any lessons from the ethnic
+ew4vETcderI-03166-00730144-00730447 cleansing in bosnia if it is possible to
+ew4vETcderI-03167-00730448-00730591 look at a different situation which
+ew4vETcderI-03168-00730592-00730814 could become a little similar though
+ew4vETcderI-03169-00730815-00731127 exactly the same yes i mean the only
+ew4vETcderI-03170-00731128-00731287 lesson that i can extract from bosnia
+ew4vETcderI-03171-00731288-00731447 and herzegovina is that that
+ew4vETcderI-03172-00731448-00731751 internationally genocide pays
+ew4vETcderI-03173-00731752-00731983 and that that is a horrible lesson
+ew4vETcderI-03174-00731984-00732270 to to to draw and uh the second lesson
+ew4vETcderI-03175-00732271-00732647 that that that the workers protest
+ew4vETcderI-03176-00732648-00732735 um
+ew4vETcderI-03177-00732736-00733175 have have taught me is that
+ew4vETcderI-03178-00733176-00733470 you have to defend the right
+ew4vETcderI-03179-00733471-00733670 onto your life
+ew4vETcderI-03180-00733671-00733975 to fire back when you're fired upon
+ew4vETcderI-03181-00733976-00734231 so and i think this is th this has been
+ew4vETcderI-03182-00734232-00734431 kind of you know very clear i mean you
+ew4vETcderI-03183-00734432-00734799 know those of us who've survived the war
+ew4vETcderI-03184-00734800-00734887 um
+ew4vETcderI-03185-00734888-00735199 when when the police brutality
+ew4vETcderI-03186-00735200-00735399 and the onslaught of the international
+ew4vETcderI-03187-00735400-00735695 actors against social protest that
+ew4vETcderI-03188-00735696-00735927 demanded social justice that essentially
+ew4vETcderI-03189-00735928-00736199 demanded very simple thing
+ew4vETcderI-03190-00736200-00736287 that
+ew4vETcderI-03191-00736288-00736551 people wouldn't be left without being
+ew4vETcderI-03192-00736552-00736870 paid for 35 months
+ew4vETcderI-03193-00736871-00737079 you know or for instance you know
+ew4vETcderI-03194-00737080-00737262 there are these practices
+ew4vETcderI-03195-00737263-00737455 like particularly in serbia when you
+ew4vETcderI-03196-00737456-00737775 know like south korean owner forces
+ew4vETcderI-03197-00737776-00738039 people to wear diapers so in order to be
+ew4vETcderI-03198-00738040-00738303 more productive um and not to go to the
+ew4vETcderI-03199-00738304-00738439 toilet right
+ew4vETcderI-03200-00738440-00738527 um
+ew4vETcderI-03201-00738528-00738783 uh or for instance when dogs are
+ew4vETcderI-03202-00738784-00738918 released
+ew4vETcderI-03203-00738919-00739399 uh onto onto the protesters right uh
+ew4vETcderI-03204-00739400-00739575 there is a clear line those of us who
+ew4vETcderI-03205-00739576-00739895 have survived the war
+ew4vETcderI-03206-00739896-00740079 who has the right to attack us any
+ew4vETcderI-03207-00740080-00740175 longer
+ew4vETcderI-03208-00740176-00740447 right it's it's it is it is actually an
+ew4vETcderI-03209-00740448-00740655 absolute and utter right
+ew4vETcderI-03210-00740656-00740862 to fight back
+ew4vETcderI-03211-00740863-00741095 and you know i'll just end with with
+ew4vETcderI-03212-00741096-00741414 boris budden has a fantastic formulation
+ew4vETcderI-03213-00741415-00741703 and disregards the freedom you know
+ew4vETcderI-03214-00741704-00741918 people are not responsible
+ew4vETcderI-03215-00741919-00742166 for the freedom that was taken away from
+ew4vETcderI-03216-00742167-00742287 them
+ew4vETcderI-03217-00742288-00742503 but they are responsible
+ew4vETcderI-03218-00742504-00742751 for the unfreedom against which they
+ew4vETcderI-03219-00742752-00743606 failed to stand
+ew4vETcderI-03220-00743607-00743839 i don't see any hands in the air and i
+ew4vETcderI-03221-00743840-00744143 feel that it's a very good moment
+ew4vETcderI-03222-00744144-00744375 to close this beautiful panel thank you
+ew4vETcderI-03223-00744376-00744679 so much to all of you this is okay thank
+ew4vETcderI-03224-00744680-00745918 you
+ew4vETcderI-03225-00745919-00746128 you
+ex4D-_wK7bo-00000-00000077-00000491 so tomorrow I'm having mandibular Tori
+ex4D-_wK7bo-00001-00000492-00000800 removal surgery which means I have some
+ex4D-_wK7bo-00002-00000801-00001058 extra pieces of bone that are growing
+ex4D-_wK7bo-00003-00001059-00001600 out under my tongue right there
+ex4D-_wK7bo-00004-00001601-00001841 usually when you have those you don't
+ex4D-_wK7bo-00005-00001842-00001984 have to have them removed you can just
+ex4D-_wK7bo-00006-00001985-00002333 leave them alone but if they if you have
+ex4D-_wK7bo-00007-00002334-00002588 to have dentures they need to remove
+ex4D-_wK7bo-00008-00002589-00002809 them usually or if they're bothering you
+ex4D-_wK7bo-00009-00002810-00003131 then you can get them removed and over
+ex4D-_wK7bo-00010-00003132-00003284 the past few years this one on the right
+ex4D-_wK7bo-00011-00003285-00003578 has gotten worse and worse and it really
+ex4D-_wK7bo-00012-00003579-00003986 makes eating difficult and painful so so
+ex4D-_wK7bo-00013-00003986-00004456 they're going to go out I am all stocked
+ex4D-_wK7bo-00014-00004457-00005345 up on some nice soft foods grits mashed
+ex4D-_wK7bo-00015-00005346-00005558 potatoes I get to eat grits and mashed
+ex4D-_wK7bo-00016-00005559-00006233 potatoes and yogurt I'm less afraid of
+ex4D-_wK7bo-00017-00006234-00006454 the discomfort and pain from recovery
+ex4D-_wK7bo-00018-00006455-00006806 than I'm worried about throwing up the
+ex4D-_wK7bo-00019-00006806-00006956 day after surgery because the last
+ex4D-_wK7bo-00020-00006956-00007198 couple times I've had to be put out
+ex4D-_wK7bo-00021-00007200-00007439 that's what happened the next day it was
+ex4D-_wK7bo-00022-00007440-00007673 like the world's worst hangover so
+ex4D-_wK7bo-00023-00007673-00007889 things are supposed to be better now
+ex4D-_wK7bo-00024-00007890-00008198 that was a few years ago so maybe it
+ex4D-_wK7bo-00025-00008199-00008596 won't happen I hope not so I will let
+ex4D-_wK7bo-00026-00008597-00008963 you know how it goes as I can
+exrQddU0fS4-00000-00000056-00000254 when you learn quantum mechanics you
+exrQddU0fS4-00001-00000256-00000390 inevitably come across
+exrQddU0fS4-00002-00000391-00000655 a thought experiment known as particle
+exrQddU0fS4-00003-00000656-00000799 in a box
+exrQddU0fS4-00004-00000800-00001007 although that's got nothing to do with
+exrQddU0fS4-00005-00001008-00001207 schrodinger's cat in a box
+exrQddU0fS4-00006-00001208-00001391 it's still an integral thought
+exrQddU0fS4-00007-00001392-00001535 experiment and model
+exrQddU0fS4-00008-00001536-00001718 for learning about the nature of quantum
+exrQddU0fS4-00009-00001719-00001887 mechanical systems
+exrQddU0fS4-00010-00001888-00002063 and it can even be used as a starting
+exrQddU0fS4-00011-00002064-00002223 point for predicting the energies of
+exrQddU0fS4-00012-00002224-00002318 real atoms
+exrQddU0fS4-00013-00002319-00002647 and molecules in short
+exrQddU0fS4-00014-00002648-00002950 we have a box and to simplify the maths
+exrQddU0fS4-00015-00002951-00002999 a little
+exrQddU0fS4-00016-00003000-00003311 bit we make it one-dimensional just just
+exrQddU0fS4-00017-00003311-00003406 go with that
+exrQddU0fS4-00018-00003407-00003559 we drop a particle into this
+exrQddU0fS4-00019-00003560-00003727 one-dimensional box and we allow it to
+exrQddU0fS4-00020-00003728-00003759 move
+exrQddU0fS4-00021-00003760-00003990 completely freely it can move how it
+exrQddU0fS4-00022-00003992-00004151 likes and where it likes
+exrQddU0fS4-00023-00004152-00004431 but it can't leave the confines of that
+exrQddU0fS4-00024-00004432-00004495 1d
+exrQddU0fS4-00025-00004496-00004863 box in quantum mechanics the particle's
+exrQddU0fS4-00026-00004864-00005175 probable location is determined by
+exrQddU0fS4-00027-00005176-00005415 a mathematical expression known as a
+exrQddU0fS4-00028-00005416-00005551 wave function
+exrQddU0fS4-00029-00005552-00005751 and we can figure out that wave function
+exrQddU0fS4-00030-00005752-00005911 by looking at the constraints of the
+exrQddU0fS4-00031-00005912-00005967 system
+exrQddU0fS4-00032-00005968-00006238 for instance the function must be zero
+exrQddU0fS4-00033-00006239-00006406 at both of the extreme
+exrQddU0fS4-00034-00006408-00006719 edges of the box we apply a relatively
+exrQddU0fS4-00035-00006720-00006934 straightforward mathematical operator
+exrQddU0fS4-00036-00006936-00007151 to that function and out pops an
+exrQddU0fS4-00037-00007152-00007359 expression for the particle's kinetic
+exrQddU0fS4-00038-00007359-00007503 energy
+exrQddU0fS4-00039-00007504-00007678 but the important result that we are
+exrQddU0fS4-00040-00007679-00007839 interested in is that
+exrQddU0fS4-00041-00007840-00008159 that energy is quantized the particle's
+exrQddU0fS4-00042-00008159-00008359 kinetic energy can only take a
+exrQddU0fS4-00043-00008360-00008655 certain discrete energy values with
+exrQddU0fS4-00044-00008656-00008807 nothing in between
+exrQddU0fS4-00045-00008808-00009023 and each of these so-called energy
+exrQddU0fS4-00046-00009024-00009110 levels
+exrQddU0fS4-00047-00009111-00009423 is related to a single number known as a
+exrQddU0fS4-00048-00009424-00009606 quantum number
+exrQddU0fS4-00049-00009607-00009767 when we talk about energy being
+exrQddU0fS4-00050-00009768-00009959 quantized in quantum mechanics it's
+exrQddU0fS4-00051-00009960-00010174 often treated as if it's this strange
+exrQddU0fS4-00052-00010175-00010206 and
+exrQddU0fS4-00053-00010207-00010487 mysterious thing like a car going at one
+exrQddU0fS4-00054-00010488-00010567 speed
+exrQddU0fS4-00055-00010568-00010806 and then another speed without ever
+exrQddU0fS4-00056-00010807-00010887 passing through
+exrQddU0fS4-00057-00010888-00011167 any intermediate velocity but i want to
+exrQddU0fS4-00058-00011168-00011414 show you one interpretation of this
+exrQddU0fS4-00059-00011415-00011719 where we actually expect quantization
+exrQddU0fS4-00060-00011720-00011959 and it absolutely reflects the 1d
+exrQddU0fS4-00061-00011960-00012214 particle in a box model
+exrQddU0fS4-00062-00012215-00012374 when you play a note on a musical
+exrQddU0fS4-00063-00012375-00012519 instrument
+exrQddU0fS4-00064-00012520-00012846 you expect the same note to appear again
+exrQddU0fS4-00065-00012847-00013215 and again music would be incredibly
+exrQddU0fS4-00066-00013216-00013471 difficult if there was any randomness to
+exrQddU0fS4-00067-00013472-00013558 this
+exrQddU0fS4-00068-00013559-00013735 and on a stringed instrument like a
+exrQddU0fS4-00069-00013736-00013983 guitar you can quite easily see
+exrQddU0fS4-00070-00013984-00014230 why that's the case at one end we have a
+exrQddU0fS4-00071-00014231-00014286 nut
+exrQddU0fS4-00072-00014287-00014494 and the other end bridge and both of
+exrQddU0fS4-00073-00014495-00014719 these fix the string
+exrQddU0fS4-00074-00014719-00015007 in place and the string must vibrate in
+exrQddU0fS4-00075-00015008-00015111 such a way
+exrQddU0fS4-00076-00015112-00015366 that these points always remain fixed so
+exrQddU0fS4-00077-00015368-00015486 is that starting to sound
+exrQddU0fS4-00078-00015487-00015663 similar to one of our particle models
+exrQddU0fS4-00079-00015663-00015815 yet
+exrQddU0fS4-00080-00015816-00016015 if we look very closely at a vibrating
+exrQddU0fS4-00081-00016016-00016135 string
+exrQddU0fS4-00082-00016136-00016455 we see that peaks in the middle the
+exrQddU0fS4-00083-00016456-00016615 maximum displacement
+exrQddU0fS4-00084-00016616-00016943 is here and it's stationary
+exrQddU0fS4-00085-00016944-00017199 at the end now the sound produced is
+exrQddU0fS4-00086-00017200-00017391 controlled by a number of factors
+exrQddU0fS4-00087-00017392-00017599 there's the weight and size of the
+exrQddU0fS4-00088-00017600-00017703 string and the
+exrQddU0fS4-00089-00017704-00018086 tension but mostly it's the length
+exrQddU0fS4-00090-00018087-00018311 for a given weight and size and tension
+exrQddU0fS4-00091-00018312-00018527 of a string only certain frequencies
+exrQddU0fS4-00092-00018528-00018847 satisfy the other constraints so if we
+exrQddU0fS4-00093-00018848-00018983 reduce the length
+exrQddU0fS4-00094-00018984-00019279 of the string the pitch or sound herd
+exrQddU0fS4-00095-00019280-00019368 changes
+exrQddU0fS4-00096-00019369-00019583 [Music]
+exrQddU0fS4-00097-00019584-00019863 this is analogous to changing the length
+exrQddU0fS4-00098-00019864-00020158 in our wavefunction equation
+exrQddU0fS4-00099-00020159-00020478 the exact sound you hear however is a
+exrQddU0fS4-00100-00020479-00020535 little
+exrQddU0fS4-00101-00020536-00020807 more complicated there are various
+exrQddU0fS4-00102-00020808-00020871 harmonic
+exrQddU0fS4-00103-00020872-00021071 frequencies vibrating through the string
+exrQddU0fS4-00104-00021072-00021175 at once
+exrQddU0fS4-00105-00021176-00021367 although you can dampen them out if you
+exrQddU0fS4-00106-00021368-00021703 pluck very carefully in the middle
+exrQddU0fS4-00107-00021704-00022039 and get this almost synthetic sounding
+exrQddU0fS4-00108-00022040-00022375 tone out that's a pure ish sine wave
+exrQddU0fS4-00109-00022376-00022694 pluck more closely to the bridge
+exrQddU0fS4-00110-00022695-00022943 and you get a much more tinny sound as
+exrQddU0fS4-00111-00022944-00023127 the higher frequencies
+exrQddU0fS4-00112-00023128-00023542 get thrown in there but the note remains
+exrQddU0fS4-00113-00023543-00023871 the same but that's not all we can
+exrQddU0fS4-00114-00023872-00023967 change the pitch
+exrQddU0fS4-00115-00023968-00024222 of the string without doing anything
+exrQddU0fS4-00116-00024223-00024286 else
+exrQddU0fS4-00117-00024287-00024478 to it we don't need to shorten it or
+exrQddU0fS4-00118-00024479-00024703 tighten it we simply need to touch
+exrQddU0fS4-00119-00024704-00025086 lightly in the right location and
+exrQddU0fS4-00120-00025087-00025439 there you have it the first natural
+exrQddU0fS4-00121-00025440-00025727 harmonic the string length is the same
+exrQddU0fS4-00122-00025727-00025902 it's tightness and
+exrQddU0fS4-00123-00025904-00026183 mass is the same but it's now an octave
+exrQddU0fS4-00124-00026183-00026351 higher
+exrQddU0fS4-00125-00026352-00026543 what's happening here particularly if we
+exrQddU0fS4-00126-00026544-00026670 look very closely is
+exrQddU0fS4-00127-00026672-00027023 the shape of the vibration has changed
+exrQddU0fS4-00128-00027024-00027311 it really is stationary in the middle
+exrQddU0fS4-00129-00027312-00027527 and its maximum displacements are a
+exrQddU0fS4-00130-00027527-00027870 quarter and three quarters of the way
+exrQddU0fS4-00131-00027872-00028158 along the string that means that the
+exrQddU0fS4-00132-00028160-00028246 wavelength has
+exrQddU0fS4-00133-00028247-00028487 halved the frequency has doubled the
+exrQddU0fS4-00134-00028488-00028623 sound has gone up
+exrQddU0fS4-00135-00028624-00028895 an octave and this is possible precisely
+exrQddU0fS4-00136-00028895-00028943 because
+exrQddU0fS4-00137-00028944-00029231 that shape of vibration still satisfies
+exrQddU0fS4-00138-00029232-00029446 the constraints that it must be fixed
+exrQddU0fS4-00139-00029447-00029783 and zero at the edges
+exrQddU0fS4-00140-00029783-00030095 but there is more we can do this a third
+exrQddU0fS4-00141-00030095-00030255 of the way along
+exrQddU0fS4-00142-00030256-00030607 not quite doubling the frequency again
+exrQddU0fS4-00143-00030608-00030774 but this one is curious because the
+exrQddU0fS4-00144-00030775-00030918 string really does have
+exrQddU0fS4-00145-00030919-00031167 two stationary points and maximum
+exrQddU0fS4-00146-00031168-00031262 displacements
+exrQddU0fS4-00147-00031263-00031614 at three we can't replicate the trick
+exrQddU0fS4-00148-00031616-00031918 just anywhere however because these
+exrQddU0fS4-00149-00031919-00031974 waves
+exrQddU0fS4-00150-00031975-00032283 don't fit they don't satisfy that
+exrQddU0fS4-00151-00032283-00032487 constraint
+exrQddU0fS4-00152-00032488-00032751 incidentally this is why perfect fifths
+exrQddU0fS4-00153-00032752-00032902 sound well
+exrQddU0fS4-00154-00032903-00033207 perfect the peaks troughs and nodes of
+exrQddU0fS4-00155-00033208-00033311 the waves
+exrQddU0fS4-00156-00033312-00033559 line up pretty nicely when the wave does
+exrQddU0fS4-00157-00033560-00033839 this in the particle in a box model
+exrQddU0fS4-00158-00033840-00034079 the quantum number has increased by one
+exrQddU0fS4-00159-00034080-00034143 and the
+exrQddU0fS4-00160-00034144-00034462 energy has increased only certain
+exrQddU0fS4-00161-00034463-00034711 wavelengths fit into the box only
+exrQddU0fS4-00162-00034712-00034846 certain frequencies fit
+exrQddU0fS4-00163-00034847-00035055 into the box and because energy is
+exrQddU0fS4-00164-00035056-00035215 related to frequency
+exrQddU0fS4-00165-00035216-00035527 the particle can only take certain
+exrQddU0fS4-00166-00035528-00035846 energies so the idea of a particle
+exrQddU0fS4-00167-00035847-00036311 in a box isn't that crazy or unexpected
+exrQddU0fS4-00168-00036312-00036479 much of what we think about when we're
+exrQddU0fS4-00169-00036480-00036615 told about quantum
+exrQddU0fS4-00170-00036616-00036862 weirdness really falls out of using
+exrQddU0fS4-00171-00036863-00037023 these concepts of waves
+exrQddU0fS4-00172-00037024-00037223 frequencies and vibrations and what
+exrQddU0fS4-00173-00037224-00037343 constrains them
+exrQddU0fS4-00174-00037344-00037527 but applying them in a slightly
+exrQddU0fS4-00175-00037528-00037960 different context
+eAtZL7n_62E-00000-00000007-00000320 why from Boston Massachusetts
+eAtZL7n_62E-00001-00000321-00000707 it's the queue covering Red Hat summit
+eAtZL7n_62E-00002-00000708-00000816 2019
+eAtZL7n_62E-00003-00000817-00001441 brought to you by Red Hat welcome back
+eAtZL7n_62E-00004-00001442-00001726 here to the BCC we're in Boston
+eAtZL7n_62E-00005-00001727-00001960 Massachusetts Red Hat summit the sixth
+eAtZL7n_62E-00006-00001961-00002123 time around for us here the Q proud to
+eAtZL7n_62E-00007-00002124-00002357 be a part of this event once again along
+eAtZL7n_62E-00008-00002358-00002441 with Stu Mittleman
+eAtZL7n_62E-00009-00002442-00002639 I'm John wall's and thank you for
+eAtZL7n_62E-00010-00002640-00002789 joining us here on the cube we continue
+eAtZL7n_62E-00011-00002790-00002959 our coverage we're joined by stormy
+eAtZL7n_62E-00012-00002960-00003076 Peters who is the senior manager
+eAtZL7n_62E-00013-00003077-00003326 community lead and Red Hat and stormy
+eAtZL7n_62E-00014-00003327-00003647 good afternoon to you how are you all
+eAtZL7n_62E-00015-00003647-00003809 right so you think about you know I love
+eAtZL7n_62E-00016-00003810-00004031 that you know community lead you know in
+eAtZL7n_62E-00017-00004032-00004385 an open source based company you know
+eAtZL7n_62E-00018-00004386-00004661 like Red Hat your job is very simple
+eAtZL7n_62E-00019-00004662-00004927 expand and evolve the ecosystem right so
+eAtZL7n_62E-00020-00004928-00005236 so I mean how are you
+eAtZL7n_62E-00021-00005237-00005443 I guess using that that company culture
+eAtZL7n_62E-00022-00005444-00005756 that embedded culture to grow I think
+eAtZL7n_62E-00023-00005757-00005891 it's already pretty well established
+eAtZL7n_62E-00024-00005892-00006200 what your reputation is for how open you
+eAtZL7n_62E-00025-00006201-00006379 guys are right to the community and what
+eAtZL7n_62E-00026-00006380-00006610 have you what are you doing in terms of
+eAtZL7n_62E-00027-00006611-00006881 leveraging that and trying to expand on
+eAtZL7n_62E-00028-00006881-00007208 that reputation yeah our goal is to make
+eAtZL7n_62E-00029-00007209-00007321 sure we're supporting those upstream
+eAtZL7n_62E-00030-00007322-00007508 communities so all of Olive Red Hat
+eAtZL7n_62E-00031-00007509-00007810 software is open source and we work with
+eAtZL7n_62E-00032-00007811-00008023 a whole community of individuals and
+eAtZL7n_62E-00033-00008025-00008183 companies and the upstream opens our
+eAtZL7n_62E-00034-00008184-00008345 software and we want to make sure that
+eAtZL7n_62E-00035-00008346-00008483 we're not just contributing features
+eAtZL7n_62E-00036-00008484-00008639 that we want but that we're a good
+eAtZL7n_62E-00037-00008640-00008767 player or that we're helping to make
+eAtZL7n_62E-00038-00008768-00008917 sure those communities are healthy and
+eAtZL7n_62E-00039-00008918-00009103 so for a number of the projects that
+eAtZL7n_62E-00040-00009104-00009251 were involved in we actually assigned a
+eAtZL7n_62E-00041-00009252-00009470 full-time community manager a community
+eAtZL7n_62E-00042-00009471-00009662 lead to help make sure that project is
+eAtZL7n_62E-00043-00009663-00009856 healthy so we have someone on everything
+eAtZL7n_62E-00044-00009857-00010121 from SF and Gloucester to fedora to
+eAtZL7n_62E-00045-00010122-00010355 kubernetes I'm just making sure the
+eAtZL7n_62E-00046-00010356-00010742 community does well stormy you actually
+eAtZL7n_62E-00047-00010743-00010913 did a session for analysts about about a
+eAtZL7n_62E-00048-00010914-00011110 month or so ago and I've been involved
+eAtZL7n_62E-00049-00011111-00011351 with open source for about 20 years and
+eAtZL7n_62E-00050-00011352-00011642 you said something that made me do a
+eAtZL7n_62E-00051-00011643-00011888 double-take and had to rethink the way I
+eAtZL7n_62E-00052-00011889-00012142 look at this community and it was we
+eAtZL7n_62E-00053-00012143-00012344 used to think of open source as well
+eAtZL7n_62E-00054-00012345-00012499 maybe I worked on a project or maybe I
+eAtZL7n_62E-00055-00012500-00012635 spent a little bit time on nights and
+eAtZL7n_62E-00056-00012636-00012871 weekends and it was just kind of giving
+eAtZL7n_62E-00057-00012872-00013124 of time and you said that a majority of
+eAtZL7n_62E-00058-00013125-00013297 people working in this they've got the
+eAtZL7n_62E-00059-00013299-00013597 jobs that is contribution to this it's
+eAtZL7n_62E-00060-00013599-00013778 you know we understand that companies
+eAtZL7n_62E-00061-00013779-00014024 like you know IBM and Red Hat and Google
+eAtZL7n_62E-00062-00014025-00014272 often will have that but the majority of
+eAtZL7n_62E-00063-00014274-00014422 people that are contributed open-source
+eAtZL7n_62E-00064-00014424-00014699 now that is their job or a major part of
+eAtZL7n_62E-00065-00014700-00014828 their job could you expand a little bit
+eAtZL7n_62E-00066-00014829-00015011 about you know how we saw that shift and
+eAtZL7n_62E-00067-00015012-00015302 is it just me that it snuck up on I
+eAtZL7n_62E-00068-00015303-00015494 think it snuck up on us all of us but I
+eAtZL7n_62E-00069-00015494-00015635 really do think it's a fundamental shift
+eAtZL7n_62E-00070-00015636-00015824 that we need to consider so that we can
+eAtZL7n_62E-00071-00015825-00015911 make sure that we're helping the
+eAtZL7n_62E-00072-00015912-00016076 ecosystem the best way possible
+eAtZL7n_62E-00073-00016077-00016265 so when open-source first started it was
+eAtZL7n_62E-00074-00016266-00016376 people in their free time
+eAtZL7n_62E-00075-00016377-00016598 you know Linda's Torvalds had a project
+eAtZL7n_62E-00076-00016599-00016850 he wanted to work on you had an itch to
+eAtZL7n_62E-00077-00016851-00017000 scratch you wanted your desktop to run
+eAtZL7n_62E-00078-00017001-00017195 free software and so you put your free
+eAtZL7n_62E-00079-00017196-00017405 time into it evenings and weekends and
+eAtZL7n_62E-00080-00017406-00017582 if you got a paid job working on it like
+eAtZL7n_62E-00081-00017583-00017747 that was something to celebrate like
+eAtZL7n_62E-00082-00017748-00017999 that was everybody's dream and these
+eAtZL7n_62E-00083-00018000-00018227 days but software becoming I was a more
+eAtZL7n_62E-00084-00018228-00018449 complicated more complex and the
+eAtZL7n_62E-00085-00018450-00018632 solutions are even bigger and greater
+eAtZL7n_62E-00086-00018633-00018761 with the cloud they're more than a
+eAtZL7n_62E-00087-00018762-00018953 one-person project they're like multi
+eAtZL7n_62E-00088-00018954-00019202 people and multi company projects and so
+eAtZL7n_62E-00089-00019203-00019334 more and more people are getting paid to
+eAtZL7n_62E-00090-00019335-00019523 work on them and they're getting 40
+eAtZL7n_62E-00091-00019524-00019721 hours a week paid time to work on these
+eAtZL7n_62E-00092-00019722-00019850 projects they might give more but
+eAtZL7n_62E-00093-00019851-00019991 they're getting a full-time salary and
+eAtZL7n_62E-00094-00019992-00020231 so how we include not just the
+eAtZL7n_62E-00095-00020232-00020402 individuals but the companies that are
+eAtZL7n_62E-00096-00020403-00020558 paying them to work on it I think
+eAtZL7n_62E-00097-00020559-00020759 changes how our projects work I think
+eAtZL7n_62E-00098-00020760-00021098 it's a huge opportunity yeah and I mean
+eAtZL7n_62E-00099-00021099-00021239 talk about that shift a little bit if
+eAtZL7n_62E-00100-00021240-00021473 you would then and and how that has I
+eAtZL7n_62E-00101-00021474-00021689 would say matured the marketplace but
+eAtZL7n_62E-00102-00021690-00022016 certainly it's altered the the flows of
+eAtZL7n_62E-00103-00022017-00022226 jobs and and innovation and development
+eAtZL7n_62E-00104-00022227-00022451 and all that because I'll kind of pass
+eAtZL7n_62E-00105-00022452-00022748 time before now full-time and and what
+eAtZL7n_62E-00106-00022749-00022952 comes with that I mean what challenges
+eAtZL7n_62E-00107-00022953-00023141 come with that we're all of a sudden it
+eAtZL7n_62E-00108-00023142-00023429 is a little it's it's a little more
+eAtZL7n_62E-00109-00023430-00023639 apparent if you will right and you're a
+eAtZL7n_62E-00110-00023640-00023858 little more evident in wherever you're
+eAtZL7n_62E-00111-00023859-00024053 working because it is a full-time
+eAtZL7n_62E-00112-00024054-00024274 commitment now it's no longer just a
+eAtZL7n_62E-00113-00024275-00024575 casual or less than full-time pursuit
+eAtZL7n_62E-00114-00024576-00024842 yeah I think it's a good thing but I do
+eAtZL7n_62E-00115-00024843-00025094 think it adds challenges so for example
+eAtZL7n_62E-00116-00025095-00025265 onboarding process you used to know when
+eAtZL7n_62E-00117-00025266-00025442 you had an open source software project
+eAtZL7n_62E-00118-00025443-00025655 you got it someone was giving up an hour
+eAtZL7n_62E-00119-00025656-00025856 to their evening to learn your project
+eAtZL7n_62E-00120-00025857-00026008 and so you had to make sure the getting
+eAtZL7n_62E-00121-00026010-00026183 started Docs worked for them within
+eAtZL7n_62E-00122-00026185-00026577 2030 minutes maybe these days you know
+eAtZL7n_62E-00123-00026577-00026712 it's really hard to install a lot of
+eAtZL7n_62E-00124-00026713-00026910 this software in 20 or 30 minutes but
+eAtZL7n_62E-00125-00026911-00027089 someone's doing it as their day job
+eAtZL7n_62E-00126-00027091-00027239 they're gonna have a day or a week so
+eAtZL7n_62E-00127-00027241-00027389 the onboarding process is different
+eAtZL7n_62E-00128-00027391-00027495 which I think makes it harder for
+eAtZL7n_62E-00129-00027495-00027808 volunteers and easier for for paid
+eAtZL7n_62E-00130-00027810-00028116 volunteers and paints a little a little
+eAtZL7n_62E-00131-00028117-00028289 hard to distinguish but for people that
+eAtZL7n_62E-00132-00028291-00028410 have all day to do it they have a little
+eAtZL7n_62E-00133-00028411-00028583 more time to get on board and so the
+eAtZL7n_62E-00134-00028585-00028989 onboarding processes are take longer I
+eAtZL7n_62E-00135-00028989-00029187 think the problems that we can solve are
+eAtZL7n_62E-00136-00029188-00029345 more complex because someone can spend
+eAtZL7n_62E-00137-00029347-00029472 an entire week they're not breaking
+eAtZL7n_62E-00138-00029473-00029769 their their thought process up and like
+eAtZL7n_62E-00139-00029770-00029976 evenings they have like all day they can
+eAtZL7n_62E-00140-00029977-00030141 work with teams across companies so you
+eAtZL7n_62E-00141-00030142-00030408 can pull in lots more expertise we have
+eAtZL7n_62E-00142-00030408-00030573 a special interest groups and projects
+eAtZL7n_62E-00143-00030574-00030770 like CentOS and where we're pulling in
+eAtZL7n_62E-00144-00030772-00030975 different companies to work together and
+eAtZL7n_62E-00145-00030976-00031214 so like we're working on an nfe say with
+eAtZL7n_62E-00146-00031216-00031500 Intel and others so you get you get more
+eAtZL7n_62E-00147-00031501-00031674 diversity of people that can work on it
+eAtZL7n_62E-00148-00031675-00031863 that can dedicate more brainpower to it
+eAtZL7n_62E-00149-00031864-00032258 in one one setting can you talk a little
+eAtZL7n_62E-00150-00032260-00032433 bit about you've worked on foundations
+eAtZL7n_62E-00151-00032433-00032676 and you support foundations talked about
+eAtZL7n_62E-00152-00032677-00032937 special interest groups it's a broad and
+eAtZL7n_62E-00153-00032938-00033183 very diverse ecosystem sometimes the
+eAtZL7n_62E-00154-00033184-00033348 outside rows like oh it's the open
+eAtZL7n_62E-00155-00033349-00033525 source community and like no no there is
+eAtZL7n_62E-00156-00033526-00033735 not the open source community there are
+eAtZL7n_62E-00157-00033736-00033993 communities and lots of overlap and they
+eAtZL7n_62E-00158-00033994-00034182 they worked in Iraq maybe give us a
+eAtZL7n_62E-00159-00034183-00034332 little bit of context and love to hear
+eAtZL7n_62E-00160-00034333-00034491 some examples of some of the things
+eAtZL7n_62E-00161-00034492-00034722 you're working on yes I think the first
+eAtZL7n_62E-00162-00034723-00035001 point is like projects aren't there how
+eAtZL7n_62E-00163-00035002-00035193 they work their governance isn't isn't
+eAtZL7n_62E-00164-00035194-00035400 static like it's always changing like
+eAtZL7n_62E-00165-00035401-00035607 you might start a project on your own in
+eAtZL7n_62E-00166-00035608-00035832 your free time and it grew and you
+eAtZL7n_62E-00167-00035833-00035997 convinced all of us to join you and now
+eAtZL7n_62E-00168-00035998-00036198 there's 20 people working on it and you
+eAtZL7n_62E-00169-00036199-00036330 want to be able to go on vacation and
+eAtZL7n_62E-00170-00036331-00036492 you want to leave somebody in charge so
+eAtZL7n_62E-00171-00036493-00036711 do you give them maintainer status do
+eAtZL7n_62E-00172-00036712-00036929 you create a board and let people vote
+eAtZL7n_62E-00173-00036930-00037185 so do you create a foundation like
+eAtZL7n_62E-00174-00037186-00037374 someone offers you money how do you take
+eAtZL7n_62E-00175-00037375-00037551 it like do you put it in your bank
+eAtZL7n_62E-00176-00037552-00037701 account or do you have to start a like
+eAtZL7n_62E-00177-00037702-00037923 nonprofit to take this money and so I
+eAtZL7n_62E-00178-00037924-00038190 think they're constantly evolving so an
+eAtZL7n_62E-00179-00038191-00038367 example that I have is the the Ceph
+eAtZL7n_62E-00180-00038368-00038490 foundation we created the Ceph
+eAtZL7n_62E-00181-00038491-00038777 foundation this year last year recently
+eAtZL7n_62E-00182-00038778-00039168 and stuff has been open-source it was it
+eAtZL7n_62E-00183-00039169-00039330 was open source created by Inc tank
+eAtZL7n_62E-00184-00039331-00039549 acquired by Red Hat and we created a
+eAtZL7n_62E-00185-00039550-00039602 board of
+eAtZL7n_62E-00186-00039603-00039764 around it to keep all those companies
+eAtZL7n_62E-00187-00039765-00039939 involved and it had evolved to the point
+eAtZL7n_62E-00188-00039940-00040211 where people wanted to give it money and
+eAtZL7n_62E-00189-00040212-00040433 so it needed to be something you know
+eAtZL7n_62E-00190-00040434-00040595 these companies wanted to collaborate on
+eAtZL7n_62E-00191-00040596-00040793 marketing together I'm so we created the
+eAtZL7n_62E-00192-00040794-00040979 stuff foundation as a directed funded
+eAtZL7n_62E-00193-00040980-00041160 with the Linux Foundation and had like
+eAtZL7n_62E-00194-00041161-00041292 30 companies joined in the very
+eAtZL7n_62E-00195-00041293-00041523 beginning so I think I don't know what
+eAtZL7n_62E-00196-00041524-00041636 the next stage for stuff will be but
+eAtZL7n_62E-00197-00041637-00041942 they're always evolving like that but so
+eAtZL7n_62E-00198-00041943-00042224 what does it do if you will Seth how do
+eAtZL7n_62E-00199-00042225-00042452 you pick projects out if you have 30
+eAtZL7n_62E-00200-00042453-00042657 voices uh-huh yeah a lot of voices a lot
+eAtZL7n_62E-00201-00042658-00042761 of people raising their hands saying
+eAtZL7n_62E-00202-00042762-00042965 let's look at this look at that you know
+eAtZL7n_62E-00203-00042966-00043238 how do you govern that how do you assign
+eAtZL7n_62E-00204-00043239-00043565 work how does all that work in that kind
+eAtZL7n_62E-00205-00043566-00043727 of it that's a really open environment
+eAtZL7n_62E-00206-00043728-00043860 yeah they're great you're trying to
+eAtZL7n_62E-00207-00043861-00044096 corral a little bit so so we're not
+eAtZL7n_62E-00208-00044097-00044217 trying to corral we're trying to like
+eAtZL7n_62E-00209-00044218-00044429 we're organize how does that look better
+eAtZL7n_62E-00210-00044430-00044624 work better work so that the set
+eAtZL7n_62E-00211-00044625-00044837 foundation was was to enable people to
+eAtZL7n_62E-00212-00044838-00045042 collaborate on a marketing side mostly a
+eAtZL7n_62E-00213-00045043-00045212 money side they wanted to give money for
+eAtZL7n_62E-00214-00045213-00045317 like the Suffolk on event that's
+eAtZL7n_62E-00215-00045318-00045488 happening a couple of weeks there's a
+eAtZL7n_62E-00216-00045489-00045674 big annual event and they wanted to be
+eAtZL7n_62E-00217-00045675-00045893 able to do set days and things that you
+eAtZL7n_62E-00218-00045894-00046187 want to give money to to enable and it
+eAtZL7n_62E-00219-00046188-00046307 was getting really complicated well you
+eAtZL7n_62E-00220-00046308-00046439 pay for the beer and I'll pay for the
+eAtZL7n_62E-00221-00046440-00046704 food and you know do it that way
+eAtZL7n_62E-00222-00046705-00047063 the Ceph project technically is led by a
+eAtZL7n_62E-00223-00047064-00047232 group of volunteers who all have paid
+eAtZL7n_62E-00224-00047233-00047699 jobs and there's a project lead for each
+eAtZL7n_62E-00225-00047700-00047888 sub project and then they have a monthly
+eAtZL7n_62E-00226-00047889-00048123 meeting of all of the the whole project
+eAtZL7n_62E-00227-00048124-00048311 and then each of those sub projects has
+eAtZL7n_62E-00228-00048312-00048507 a weekly meeting and something that Seth
+eAtZL7n_62E-00229-00048508-00048605 does that I think is really interesting
+eAtZL7n_62E-00230-00048606-00048867 as they record all of their team
+eAtZL7n_62E-00231-00048868-00049023 meetings like some video meeting and
+eAtZL7n_62E-00232-00049024-00049142 they record it and they put it on
+eAtZL7n_62E-00233-00049143-00049349 YouTube and people watch those like I
+eAtZL7n_62E-00234-00049350-00049557 think that's awesome but it helps them
+eAtZL7n_62E-00235-00049558-00049763 with the timezone problem to record the
+eAtZL7n_62E-00236-00049764-00050012 meeting and put it on YouTube yeah one
+eAtZL7n_62E-00237-00050013-00050120 of the other things that I find really
+eAtZL7n_62E-00238-00050121-00050390 fascinating is many enterprise companies
+eAtZL7n_62E-00239-00050391-00050579 now you know we know they're using
+eAtZL7n_62E-00240-00050580-00050748 open-source but they're contributing to
+eAtZL7n_62E-00241-00050749-00050948 open source I remember back the future
+eAtZL7n_62E-00242-00050949-00051176 of open source survey that was done is I
+eAtZL7n_62E-00243-00051177-00051362 think it was like half of companies that
+eAtZL7n_62E-00244-00051363-00051515 you know are using it are also
+eAtZL7n_62E-00245-00051516-00051692 contributing what do you see you know
+eAtZL7n_62E-00246-00051694-00051896 we've talked to users at this show for
+eAtZL7n_62E-00247-00051897-00052074 many years as to you know why they see
+eAtZL7n_62E-00248-00052075-00052248 value and why they do it but it would
+eAtZL7n_62E-00249-00052249-00052367 love to hear your take
+eAtZL7n_62E-00250-00052369-00052641 so I I do think companies are they're
+eAtZL7n_62E-00251-00052642-00052774 using open-source software but they're
+eAtZL7n_62E-00252-00052775-00053007 contributing and and people talk about
+eAtZL7n_62E-00253-00053008-00053142 what you contribute the features that
+eAtZL7n_62E-00254-00053144-00053287 you want to see but I think you
+eAtZL7n_62E-00255-00053288-00053410 contribute to the things you find
+eAtZL7n_62E-00256-00053411-00053590 exciting that you want to participate in
+eAtZL7n_62E-00257-00053591-00053892 and contribution starts at like a very
+eAtZL7n_62E-00258-00053894-00054172 beginning level of of just filing a bug
+eAtZL7n_62E-00259-00054173-00054354 report when you see it or coming to an
+eAtZL7n_62E-00260-00054355-00054555 event and going to the happy hour for
+eAtZL7n_62E-00261-00054557-00054654 the for that project
+eAtZL7n_62E-00262-00054655-00054928 Safin Gluster have one this afternoon
+eAtZL7n_62E-00263-00054929-00055179 this afternoon you know there's
+eAtZL7n_62E-00264-00055180-00055315 different get-togethers and you
+eAtZL7n_62E-00265-00055316-00055441 participate by meeting the people
+eAtZL7n_62E-00266-00055441-00055626 telling them how you're using it I'm
+eAtZL7n_62E-00267-00055627-00055776 telling them what you'd like to see
+eAtZL7n_62E-00268-00055777-00056215 what's cool I think a lot of people in
+eAtZL7n_62E-00269-00056216-00056371 the open-source worlds there's an
+eAtZL7n_62E-00270-00056372-00056548 opportunity for the developers to be
+eAtZL7n_62E-00271-00056549-00056710 very close to the users in a way that's
+eAtZL7n_62E-00272-00056711-00056967 harder and proprietary software and it's
+eAtZL7n_62E-00273-00056969-00057097 really exciting like if you're working
+eAtZL7n_62E-00274-00057098-00057235 on something and someone comes up and
+eAtZL7n_62E-00275-00057236-00057397 says hey I'm using it and here's what I
+eAtZL7n_62E-00276-00057398-00057849 like you know it's it's fun it's working
+eAtZL7n_62E-00277-00057850-00058075 how about career advancement you know
+eAtZL7n_62E-00278-00058076-00058257 hey everybody I know in the developer
+eAtZL7n_62E-00279-00058258-00058419 world it's like well get really is your
+eAtZL7n_62E-00280-00058420-00058660 resume these days so gotta imagine that
+eAtZL7n_62E-00281-00058661-00058936 just the skillset and the education is
+eAtZL7n_62E-00282-00058937-00059122 such a huge part for so many companies
+eAtZL7n_62E-00283-00059123-00059329 yeah with more people getting paid to
+eAtZL7n_62E-00284-00059329-00059509 work on open-source and they can show it
+eAtZL7n_62E-00285-00059510-00059860 they've worked on and that it's more not
+eAtZL7n_62E-00286-00059861-00060013 more coming it's very easy to move to
+eAtZL7n_62E-00287-00060014-00060259 another job taking your skillset with
+eAtZL7n_62E-00288-00060260-00060405 you and it's very valued and you can get
+eAtZL7n_62E-00289-00060407-00060538 to keep your community of people that
+eAtZL7n_62E-00290-00060539-00060744 you're working with as you move around
+eAtZL7n_62E-00291-00060745-00060879 and help different companies with that
+eAtZL7n_62E-00292-00060880-00061167 project how do you give attea it up in a
+eAtZL7n_62E-00293-00061169-00061447 community where you know the workload is
+eAtZL7n_62E-00294-00061448-00061738 kind of equally shared or there's a fair
+eAtZL7n_62E-00295-00061739-00061917 share of work being done and you and you
+eAtZL7n_62E-00296-00061919-00062091 want to maybe some people have a
+eAtZL7n_62E-00297-00062092-00062410 different level of expertise and so
+eAtZL7n_62E-00298-00062411-00062599 there's some policing that kind of has
+eAtZL7n_62E-00299-00062600-00062850 to be done or I guess some
+eAtZL7n_62E-00300-00062851-00063079 responsibilities assign or whatever that
+eAtZL7n_62E-00301-00063079-00063271 could be a little delicate sometimes can
+eAtZL7n_62E-00302-00063272-00063463 it that you know you don't get the right
+eAtZL7n_62E-00303-00063464-00063616 people doing the right gangs and you
+eAtZL7n_62E-00304-00063616-00063859 love willingness and enthusiasm but
+eAtZL7n_62E-00305-00063860-00063988 sometimes you do have to kind of decide
+eAtZL7n_62E-00306-00063989-00064116 how you're gonna work on this we're
+eAtZL7n_62E-00307-00064117-00064186 gonna work on that
+eAtZL7n_62E-00308-00064187-00064441 so some projects have done a really
+eAtZL7n_62E-00309-00064441-00064696 excellent job of defining the roles and
+eAtZL7n_62E-00310-00064697-00064879 assigning them and having like a
+eAtZL7n_62E-00311-00064879-00065007 mentoring process to get new people
+eAtZL7n_62E-00312-00065008-00065260 there I'm so for example kubernetes on
+eAtZL7n_62E-00313-00065261-00065316 the
+eAtZL7n_62E-00314-00065317-00065488 team there's like people that work on
+eAtZL7n_62E-00315-00065489-00065629 the release team and then if you're
+eAtZL7n_62E-00316-00065630-00065854 interested you raise your hand and you
+eAtZL7n_62E-00317-00065855-00066079 like work with the the person that's in
+eAtZL7n_62E-00318-00066080-00066265 that role for like an entire release and
+eAtZL7n_62E-00319-00066266-00066421 so you get like a whole release to be
+eAtZL7n_62E-00320-00066422-00066622 mentored and taught and then the next
+eAtZL7n_62E-00321-00066623-00066769 year you're the person doing the release
+eAtZL7n_62E-00322-00066770-00067063 and you can mentor somebody else I think
+eAtZL7n_62E-00323-00067064-00067210 the process has helped with that and
+eAtZL7n_62E-00324-00067211-00067381 it's I think there's some really great
+eAtZL7n_62E-00325-00067382-00067528 works you're building the farm team
+eAtZL7n_62E-00326-00067529-00067663 basically right you're bringing them
+eAtZL7n_62E-00327-00067664-00067870 along on training wheels to a certain
+eAtZL7n_62E-00328-00067871-00068077 degree and then let them ride the bike
+eAtZL7n_62E-00329-00068078-00068278 by themselves yep make sense
+eAtZL7n_62E-00330-00068279-00068527 so speaking of getting people ready
+eAtZL7n_62E-00331-00068528-00068728 there was something new announced this
+eAtZL7n_62E-00332-00068729-00068863 week that I'm hoping you could explain
+eAtZL7n_62E-00333-00068864-00069142 stuff RedHat Universal base image was
+eAtZL7n_62E-00334-00069143-00069265 explained to me that this is really a
+eAtZL7n_62E-00335-00069266-00069511 subset of rel or being role ready what
+eAtZL7n_62E-00336-00069512-00069607 does that mean how's that going to
+eAtZL7n_62E-00337-00069608-00069868 impact developers yeah the idea is to
+eAtZL7n_62E-00338-00069869-00070216 help developers develop in containers on
+eAtZL7n_62E-00339-00070217-00070474 linux and in a way that they can
+eAtZL7n_62E-00340-00070475-00070720 so the ubi is based on rel it's a subset
+eAtZL7n_62E-00341-00070721-00071062 of rel akka jiz it's a it's a container
+eAtZL7n_62E-00342-00071063-00071377 so it's in that cloud space and that you
+eAtZL7n_62E-00343-00071378-00071554 can develop your app on it and then you
+eAtZL7n_62E-00344-00071555-00071728 can share that container with anybody
+eAtZL7n_62E-00345-00071729-00071923 whether or not they're a rel user I'm so
+eAtZL7n_62E-00346-00071924-00072040 you can share it with anybody in the
+eAtZL7n_62E-00347-00072041-00072202 world to have them develop on it but
+eAtZL7n_62E-00348-00072203-00072439 then when you're done it is supported on
+eAtZL7n_62E-00349-00072440-00072730 rel and OpenShift so you can have full
+eAtZL7n_62E-00350-00072731-00072922 enterprise support for it how does a
+eAtZL7n_62E-00351-00072923-00073315 show like this inject you know new blood
+eAtZL7n_62E-00352-00073316-00073537 new perspective into what you do because
+eAtZL7n_62E-00353-00073538-00073678 I would assume this is a pretty good
+eAtZL7n_62E-00354-00073679-00073912 recruiting opportunity to in a lot of
+eAtZL7n_62E-00355-00073913-00074125 respects and you stay pretty busy over
+eAtZL7n_62E-00356-00074126-00074332 this course of these three days meeting
+eAtZL7n_62E-00357-00074333-00074470 with a lot of new people meeting a lot
+eAtZL7n_62E-00358-00074471-00074605 of new faces getting a lot of new ideas
+eAtZL7n_62E-00359-00074606-00074809 I mean how does this show kind of fit
+eAtZL7n_62E-00360-00074810-00075061 into what you're gonna do the other 362
+eAtZL7n_62E-00361-00075062-00075271 days in here well we look forward to
+eAtZL7n_62E-00362-00075272-00075589 this show for 364 days a year so we're
+eAtZL7n_62E-00363-00075590-00075769 always planning for and prepping for it
+eAtZL7n_62E-00364-00075770-00076051 it's it adds energy it adds excitement
+eAtZL7n_62E-00365-00076052-00076186 we get to connect with people that are
+eAtZL7n_62E-00366-00076187-00076342 using the software hopefully they do
+eAtZL7n_62E-00367-00076343-00076531 come to the happy hours are down to the
+eAtZL7n_62E-00368-00076532-00076699 booth and talk to us and say here's how
+eAtZL7n_62E-00369-00076700-00076882 we're using it and we hope to get more
+eAtZL7n_62E-00370-00076883-00077110 people involved people that are using
+eAtZL7n_62E-00371-00077111-00077284 software that want to learn about it get
+eAtZL7n_62E-00372-00077285-00077440 them more involved well you've done a
+eAtZL7n_62E-00373-00077441-00077572 great job of pulling the community
+eAtZL7n_62E-00374-00077573-00077767 together we wish you continued success
+eAtZL7n_62E-00375-00077768-00077971 in doing that and thanks for the time
+eAtZL7n_62E-00376-00077972-00078124 today apparently cube nice to have you
+eAtZL7n_62E-00377-00078125-00078274 thank you very much for having me you
+eAtZL7n_62E-00378-00078275-00078439 bet storm repeaters joining us from Red
+eAtZL7n_62E-00379-00078440-00078615 Hat back with more and
+eAtZL7n_62E-00380-00078616-00078753 a little bit you're watching the Red Hat
+eAtZL7n_62E-00381-00078754-00078915 summit and you're watching the exclusive
+eAtZL7n_62E-00382-00078916-00079287 coverage right here on the cube
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00000-00000000-00000169 so if you have a massive amount of ice
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00001-00000170-00000374 for instance I remember last year in
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00002-00000375-00000655 Greenland there were these heat domes as
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00003-00000656-00000805 you mentioned in this you know as you
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00004-00000806-00001007 mentioned with this year over the Arctic
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00005-00001008-00001202 region this year as well these heat
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00006-00001203-00001364 domes you know raising the temperature
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00007-00001365-00001636 to such a point where over an extended
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00008-00001637-00001798 period of time where you have I mean I
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00009-00001800-00001991 can't remember how many I think was
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00010-00001992-00002375 billions of tons of ice melted on
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00011-00002376-00002710 Greenland last year yeah all of that
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00012-00002711-00002875 just drained into the ocean I mean I
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00013-00002876-00003199 just went into the ocean directly and I
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00014-00003200-00003404 know that that from my understanding is
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00015-00003404-00003533 that this ice would be considered
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00016-00003534-00003761 freshwater it's not saltwater so it just
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00017-00003761-00003965 spills into the oceans I'm so cold it's
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00018-00003965-00004081 cold water even though it's you know
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00019-00004082-00004256 it's thawed but it's cold so it's
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00020-00004257-00004454 spilling into the oceans and that's
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00021-00004455-00004804 impacting the ocean currents as well so
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00022-00004805-00005090 did you explain that and how that how it
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00023-00005091-00005267 impacts the oceans in the currents of
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00024-00005268-00005816 the oceans so yeah so the the release of
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00025-00005817-00006331 fresh water you you have with ocean
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00026-00006332-00006731 currents dense cold saltwater that sinks
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00027-00006731-00007088 when it reaches the high latitudes the
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00028-00007089-00007510 fresh water is cold so it's still
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00029-00007511-00007714 relatively dense but because it has less
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00030-00007715-00008020 salt in it it is less dense in the cold
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00031-00008022-00008324 salt water and so it has a tendency to
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00032-00008325-00008746 sink less deep into the deep ocean in
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00033-00008747-00008966 the cold salt water so as a result of
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00034-00008967-00009187 that you you inject all this fresh water
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00035-00009188-00009659 increasing an amount into that current
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00036-00009660-00009889 circulation of course it's a it's a huge
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00037-00009890-00010067 circulation that goes from the tropics
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00038-00010068-00010349 all the way to the polar regions and
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00039-00010350-00010619 then goes into the deep ocean and
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00040-00010620-00010805 migrates back out to the trucks again it
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00041-00010806-00011063 rises again on the other side of the
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00042-00011064-00011594 ocean going from west to east you
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00043-00011595-00011863 disrupt that circulation you can make
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00044-00011864-00012488 the make the the ocean south of
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00045-00012489-00013017 Greenland colder and less
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00046-00013018-00013363 unless nutrient-rich so because you have
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00047-00013365-00013603 less nutrients coming up coming back up
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00048-00013604-00013816 so it makes the entire make some other
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00049-00013818-00013981 parts the ocean less nutrient-rich fish
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00050-00013982-00014458 you have less upward motion back up into
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00051-00014459-00014695 the eastern part of the ocean versus the
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00052-00014696-00014886 western part of the ocean sorry I'm I'm
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00053-00014887-00015130 Friday explain it best I can't without a
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00054-00015131-00015541 graphic obviously people can look this
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00055-00015543-00015752 up this idea of upwelling on the eastern
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00056-00015753-00015944 part of the ocean and it down Welling in
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00057-00015944-00016358 the in the northwestern part of ocean
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00058-00016359-00016880 basins but but basically you have you
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00059-00016881-00017294 disrupt that circulation you have less
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00060-00017295-00017675 nutrient-rich water rising back up again
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00061-00017676-00018034 that can disrupt fisheries particularly
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00062-00018035-00018265 on the eastern side of ocean basins and
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00063-00018266-00018602 you see this happen naturally during El
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00064-00018603-00018820 Nino events during El Nino against you
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00065-00018821-00019144 have less cold upwelling on the eastern
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00066-00019145-00019436 in the eastern Pacific and that can
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00067-00019437-00019831 cause less disruption of Fisheries so
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00068-00019832-00020128 there's less fish to a fish can die from
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00069-00020129-00020300 the from the increasing heat in the
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00070-00020301-00020627 ocean they can die from having less
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00071-00020628-00020944 nutrients in the ocean so West there's
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00072-00020945-00021109 less plankton which means there's less
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00073-00021110-00021353 food in the food chain for the other
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00074-00021354-00021694 fish to eat and so you have die offs and
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00075-00021695-00021874 of course that affects human is that
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00076-00021875-00022196 that actually fish and for those in
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00077-00022197-00022639 those fishery regions so right it
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00078-00022640-00022875 actually has a lot of implications
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00079-00022876-00023125 biologically and ecologically to have
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00080-00023126-00023344 all this water pouring out from
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00081-00023345-00023555 Greenland that disrupts these ocean
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00082-00023556-00023806 currents Akina and then having this
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00083-00023807-00024193 colder body of water located south of
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00084-00024194-00024578 Greenland there's been theories that
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00085-00024579-00024925 this could disrupt the jet stream
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00086-00024926-00025234 circulation so you end up having an
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00087-00025235-00025652 increasingly strong jet stream in the
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00088-00025652-00026112 vicinity of that cold dome of water
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00089-00026113-00026336 because it pools
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00090-00026337-00026579 as fear above it and in fact there's
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00091-00026580-00026977 actually actually some evidence to show
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00092-00026979-00027248 that it's actually colder in that region
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00093-00027249-00027443 south of Greenland and and surrounding
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00094-00027444-00027640 areas where it's actually warmer because
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00095-00027641-00028037 of global warming and you get a stronger
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00096-00028038-00028202 just stream in that region because of
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00097-00028202-00028349 the decreased temperature contrast so it
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00098-00028350-00028592 could produce four powerful storms and
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00099-00028593-00028858 those storms can impact Western Europe
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00100-00028860-00029089 impacts the Arctic region and going out
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00101-00029091-00029300 of the Atlantic and we've seen that in
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00102-00029301-00029504 recent recent couple of years we've seen
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00103-00029505-00029801 some pretty significant storms and these
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00104-00029802-00029920 storms come out of the Atlantic so
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00105-00029922-00030418 they're very warm very moist in the ring
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00106-00030419-00030851 abundant warmth moist transport to the
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00107-00030852-00031181 Arctic and it will rain over portions of
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00108-00031182-00031589 the Arctic instead of snow and cause sea
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00109-00031589-00031901 ice melt in say January or February and
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00110-00031902-00032132 then we've seen some crazy stuff the
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00111-00032133-00032306 past few years and January and February
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00112-00032307-00032618 and the Arctic where you get like a sea
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00113-00032619-00032864 ice cracking north of on the North Shore
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00114-00032865-00033056 of Greenland in the middle of February
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00115-00033057-00033358 I mean sea ice retreating because of so
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00116-00033359-00033740 much wave action heat and rainfall
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00117-00033741-00034208 spreading north far north over the ice
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00118-00034209-00034483 sheet and over the sea ice so is it's
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00119-00034484-00034708 it's interesting that they you mentioned
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00120-00034709-00035132 the loss of water from from these
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00121-00035133-00035333 abnormal heat events right over
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00122-00035334-00035602 Greenland really in itself so has a
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00123-00035603-00035852 ridiculous amount of ice it has I'm
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00124-00035853-00036052 gonna lose I'm gonna lose that ice sheet
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00125-00036053-00036487 anytime soon but that transport of
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00126-00036488-00036727 billions of tons of ice melting into
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00127-00036728-00036962 water has effects on the ocean currents
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00128-00036963-00037133 has effects on the atmospheric
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00129-00037134-00037598 circulation in the region and that has
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00130-00037599-00037833 impacts on everything from ecology to
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00131-00037834-00038054 meteorology and the storms and that
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00132-00038055-00038495 current and that in that area yeah well
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00133-00038496-00038677 yeah that the thing you point to with
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00134-00038678-00039017 the storms so that's something that has
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00135-00039018-00039277 been talked about is that we expect
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00136-00039278-00039556 pretty I mean that there has been
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00137-00039557-00039744 discussion of this about there being
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00138-00039745-00040186 more severe hurricanes and storm of you
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00139-00040187-00040300 know weather events or whatever you
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00140-00040301-00040483 wanna call them in the Gulf region of
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00141-00040484-00040741 off the coast the United States and of
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00142-00040742-00040879 course that region has been hit with
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00143-00040880-00041155 hurricanes you know pretty much every
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00144-00041156-00041353 year but I guess the issue is the
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00145-00041354-00041635 severity of the Hurricanes and the
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00146-00041636-00041896 frequency I mean how many of them were
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00147-00041897-00042133 going to experience so yeah I guess I
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00148-00042134-00042370 asked you about that is I mean what are
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00149-00042371-00042655 the impacts on the weather systems as
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00150-00042656-00042877 far as storms and all of that with with
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00151-00042878-00043017 what we discussed with the ice loss
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00152-00043018-00043234 heating in the Arctic region and all of
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00153-00043235-00043980 that yeah so it's interesting because
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00154-00043981-00044242 hurricanes we talk about hurricanes for
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00155-00044243-00044332 a second there
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00156-00044333-00044638 they're classic heat engines so they're
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00157-00044639-00044983 driven by the release of latent heat as
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00158-00044984-00045316 you warm ocean surface you get
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00159-00045317-00045553 evaporation he transports to the
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00160-00045554-00045790 atmosphere and then that heat is
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00161-00045791-00046159 released when the water vapor condenses
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00162-00046160-00046501 into deformed clouds and that warms the
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00163-00046502-00046675 atmosphere contributing to more
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00164-00046676-00046948 evaporation and you get a cycle you get
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00165-00046949-00047188 a feedback loop a positive feedback loop
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00166-00047189-00047607 that drives a hurricane circulation so
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00167-00047608-00048174 the tropical cyclones they depend on and
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00168-00048175-00048444 their and their initial formation
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00169-00048445-00049144 depends i'm the ability to to lower to
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00170-00049145-00049300 have a batch of thunderstorms that
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00171-00049301-00049717 silver in ocean and the pressure to be
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00172-00049718-00050274 lowered by some some means so you have
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00173-00050275-00050581 winds that come in and Tran transport
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00174-00050582-00050824 air that's rising away from the storm so
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00175-00050825-00051058 that the central pressure of the
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00176-00051059-00051310 developing system at the surface can
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00177-00051311-00051585 deepen but we call deep and intensify
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00178-00051586-00052116 once you get that it's then a matter of
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00179-00052117-00052516 how warm the ocean is and how much he
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00180-00052516-00052979 can be can be derived from that and so
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00181-00052979-00053342 there's a pretty general high consensus
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00182-00053344-00053670 that as global warming continues and
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00183-00053671-00053877 much of global warming it's driven by
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00184-00053878-00054021 Aleutian warming
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00185-00054022-00054369 you'll get storms that are both capable
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00186-00054370-00054759 of intensifying faster and reaching
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00187-00054760-00054912 higher intensities and they would have
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00188-00054913-00055041 otherwise and there's been a recent
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00189-00055041-00055332 research demonstrating that both of
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00190-00055333-00055536 these things have already occurred we
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00191-00055537-00055878 already have storms in our oceans
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00192-00055879-00056166 tropical systems and our oceans today
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00193-00056166-00056507 that are both getting stronger than they
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00194-00056508-00056724 then they otherwise would have been our
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00195-00056725-00056982 intensified faster than they otherwise
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00196-00056983-00057213 would have if global warming did not
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00197-00057214-00057513 exist so global warming is already has a
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00198-00057514-00057870 footprint on on tropical systems of
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00199-00057871-00058179 tropical development now I haven't heard
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00200-00058179-00058485 any explicit connections between warming
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00201-00058486-00058695 in the Arctic and tropical cyclones
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00202-00058696-00059001 although as I sit here and think about
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00203-00059002-00059337 it one could hypothesize that if you
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00204-00059338-00060054 have say a a jet stream a polar jet
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00205-00060054-00060513 stream that has bigger waves because of
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00206-00060514-00060744 Arctic warming and we can talk a little
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00207-00060745-00061100 bit about that in a minute you can get
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00208-00061101-00061555 these waves extending not only poor word
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00209-00061557-00061875 poleward excuse me so you get these big
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00210-00061876-00062004 heat waves they extend all the way to
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00211-00062004-00062211 the Arctic but you also get these
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00212-00062212-00062480 troughs as we call them these little
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00213-00062482-00062634 areas of lower pressure that extend
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00214-00062635-00062895 farther down where the jet stream may
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00215-00062896-00063092 say farther down relatives in northern
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00216-00063094-00063367 hemisphere northern hemisphere
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00217-00063369-00063657 meteorologists talking so equatorial
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00218-00063658-00064077 word is the proper way to say it they
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00219-00064078-00064454 can provide what we call a polar a polar
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00220-00064454-00064758 outflow jet where you get initial
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00221-00064759-00065037 formation of a tropical system and the
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00222-00065038-00065223 air rises and getting it gets blown away
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00223-00065224-00065609 from the system by jet streams by a jet
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00224-00065610-00065856 these jet stream patterns that are a
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00225-00065857-00066021 little bit deeper into the tropics and
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00226-00066022-00066219 the otherwise would be
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00227-00066220-00066486 you can also help steer the systems out
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00228-00066487-00066711 of the tropics more easily and bring
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00229-00066712-00067118 them into the mid latitudes causing
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00230-00067119-00067410 greater impacts to people that live in
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00231-00067411-00067659 the mid latitudes with hurricanes moving
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00232-00067660-00068091 northward and and things like that so
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00233-00068092-00068284 that would be an interesting thing to
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00234-00068285-00068475 study how it affects so there's no
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00235-00068476-00068791 changing Jetstream although the thing is
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00236-00068792-00068961 that there's still one argument among
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00237-00068962-00069201 climate scientists about whether Arctic
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00238-00069202-00069472 warming is even having it a sizable
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00239-00069473-00069792 impact on the Jetstream there's still a
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00240-00069793-00070032 lot of a lot of sort of internal debate
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00241-00070033-00070447 about that I tend to think it's it's
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00242-00070448-00070678 accurate and some prominent there are
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00243-00070679-00070836 prominent scientists that tend to think
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00244-00070837-00071160 that like Michael Mann Stefan Rahmstorf
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00245-00071161-00071475 and some of these other well-known
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00246-00071476-00071682 climate scientists I think that in fact
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00247-00071683-00071937 Arctic warming is having an effect on on
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00248-00071938-00072267 the jet stream but there's still a lot
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00249-00072268-00072624 of fighting about that but that is the
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00250-00072625-00072906 way I could see that that that pattern
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00251-00072907-00073092 could have pattern of change could have
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00252-00073093-00073260 an effect on tropical cyclones but
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00253-00073261-00073573 regardless you are gonna continue to see
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00254-00073574-00073935 these heat engine storms these tropical
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00255-00073936-00074313 storms get stronger become more powerful
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00256-00074314-00074676 and do so faster as global warming
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00257-00074677-00074993 progresses and obviously that's
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00258-00074994-00075472 devastating to to coastal communities
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00259-00075473-00075628 and particularly Island communities that
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00260-00075629-00075796 are relatively isolated I mean we saw
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00261-00075797-00076048 what happened with hurricane
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00262-00076049-00076461 Irma and in hurricane Michael and in
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00263-00076462-00077025 some of these other huge huge storms
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00264-00077026-00077430 that impacted either relatively isolated
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00265-00077431-00077643 communities or island communities are
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00266-00077644-00077853 that are just by their nature isolated
+eAKbq_G1z7A-00267-00077854-00078136 in the Caribbean
+eDorhnzivDu-00000-00000033-00000135 [Music]
+eDorhnzivDu-00001-00000136-00000383 there are six subjects in training a dog
+eDorhnzivDu-00002-00000384-00000638 which is a must otherwise it will bring
+eDorhnzivDu-00003-00000639-00000793 a lot of trouble to your life
+eDorhnzivDu-00004-00000794-00001439 [Music]
+eDorhnzivDu-00005-00001440-00001726 subject one fixed point urination
+eDorhnzivDu-00006-00001727-00001807 training
+eDorhnzivDu-00007-00001807-00001975 all dogs that have not been trained will
+eDorhnzivDu-00008-00001976-00002223 have messy pooping and peeing issues
+eDorhnzivDu-00009-00002224-00002487 even if you have not encountered it now
+eDorhnzivDu-00010-00002488-00002710 you will encounter it in the future
+eDorhnzivDu-00011-00002711-00002910 therefore you must train it to urinate
+eDorhnzivDu-00012-00002911-00003023 in a fixed place
+eDorhnzivDu-00013-00003024-00003215 so that it will not run to your bed and
+eDorhnzivDu-00014-00003215-00003343 sofa to poop and pee
+eDorhnzivDu-00015-00003344-00003486 and will not soak the furniture and
+eDorhnzivDu-00016-00003488-00003647 sheets in their urine
+eDorhnzivDu-00017-00003647-00003847 and the smell of excrement and urine
+eDorhnzivDu-00018-00003847-00004031 will not give off which will affect the
+eDorhnzivDu-00019-00004032-00004303 health of the family's respiratory tract
+eDorhnzivDu-00020-00004304-00004519 urination and defecation are a big
+eDorhnzivDu-00021-00004520-00004791 problem so you must not ignore them
+eDorhnzivDu-00022-00004792-00005086 in addition some training methods messy
+eDorhnzivDu-00023-00005087-00005199 and unsystematic
+eDorhnzivDu-00024-00005200-00005463 so don't try it easily different dogs
+eDorhnzivDu-00025-00005464-00005631 have different situations and need
+eDorhnzivDu-00026-00005632-00005783 special guidance
+eDorhnzivDu-00027-00005784-00006031 otherwise if the training fails all the
+eDorhnzivDu-00028-00006032-00006206 money you spent on the dog will be
+eDorhnzivDu-00029-00006207-00006391 wasted
+eDorhnzivDu-00030-00006392-00006678 subject to training dog not to bark at
+eDorhnzivDu-00031-00006679-00006759 night
+eDorhnzivDu-00032-00006759-00006959 keeping a dog that always barking is
+eDorhnzivDu-00033-00006959-00007167 annoying especially at night
+eDorhnzivDu-00034-00007168-00007423 it will make you not rest well if you do
+eDorhnzivDu-00035-00007423-00007527 not rest well
+eDorhnzivDu-00036-00007528-00007806 you will feel very tired the next day
+eDorhnzivDu-00037-00007808-00008039 and it will also affect your neighbors
+eDorhnzivDu-00038-00008040-00008246 if your neighbor has a bad temper they
+eDorhnzivDu-00039-00008247-00008446 will directly call the police or even
+eDorhnzivDu-00040-00008447-00008607 poison your dogs
+eDorhnzivDu-00041-00008608-00008846 therefore as an ethical person we must
+eDorhnzivDu-00042-00008847-00009046 train dogs not to bark at night to avoid
+eDorhnzivDu-00043-00009047-00009446 making trouble for themselves
+eDorhnzivDu-00044-00009447-00009727 subject three train your dogs not to eat
+eDorhnzivDu-00045-00009728-00009895 randomly when going out
+eDorhnzivDu-00046-00009896-00010167 a dog is a pet which loves to eat when
+eDorhnzivDu-00047-00010168-00010278 going out
+eDorhnzivDu-00048-00010279-00010542 it will eat food on the ground whether
+eDorhnzivDu-00049-00010543-00010703 it is dirty or clean
+eDorhnzivDu-00050-00010704-00010895 dogs will eat it so you must train it
+eDorhnzivDu-00051-00010896-00011055 not to eat indiscriminately
+eDorhnzivDu-00052-00011056-00011255 and avoid eating bad things to avoid
+eDorhnzivDu-00053-00011256-00011519 taya this will also make your dog avoid
+eDorhnzivDu-00054-00011520-00011735 being stolen by bad guys with poisonous
+eDorhnzivDu-00055-00011736-00011823 buns
+eDorhnzivDu-00056-00011824-00012046 and avoid being poisoned by drags on the
+eDorhnzivDu-00057-00012047-00012183 road
+eDorhnzivDu-00058-00012184-00012455 subject four training your dog not bite
+eDorhnzivDu-00059-00012456-00012583 things randomly
+eDorhnzivDu-00060-00012584-00012799 puppy will buy things during the period
+eDorhnzivDu-00061-00012800-00012910 of teeth grinding
+eDorhnzivDu-00062-00012911-00013158 any dog is no exception but if it is not
+eDorhnzivDu-00063-00013159-00013399 corrected by training at this time
+eDorhnzivDu-00064-00013400-00013566 it will always bite things like
+eDorhnzivDu-00065-00013568-00013719 furniture clothes
+eDorhnzivDu-00066-00013719-00014015 and shoes that are placed randomly cheap
+eDorhnzivDu-00067-00014016-00014215 things may don't matter but you must be
+eDorhnzivDu-00068-00014216-00014415 afraid of them biting some valuables
+eDorhnzivDu-00069-00014416-00014751 things and causing economic losses
+eDorhnzivDu-00070-00014752-00015038 subject five training dogs not to bite
+eDorhnzivDu-00071-00015040-00015158 people randomly
+eDorhnzivDu-00072-00015159-00015335 all untrained dogs will have the bad
+eDorhnzivDu-00073-00015336-00015519 habit of biting people
+eDorhnzivDu-00074-00015519-00015799 you will be okay when they bite you but
+eDorhnzivDu-00075-00015800-00015958 if they bite your relatives
+eDorhnzivDu-00076-00015959-00016143 or friends who come to your house as
+eDorhnzivDu-00077-00016144-00016439 guests or if you go out to walk the dog
+eDorhnzivDu-00078-00016440-00016630 and they bite the elderly and children
+eDorhnzivDu-00079-00016631-00016863 you will go to court and lose money
+eDorhnzivDu-00080-00016864-00017119 keeping a dog is to bring fun to you not
+eDorhnzivDu-00081-00017120-00017263 trouble
+eDorhnzivDu-00082-00017264-00017663 subject six basic training dogs are very
+eDorhnzivDu-00083-00017664-00017758 clever
+eDorhnzivDu-00084-00017759-00018039 the basic training subjects such as
+eDorhnzivDu-00085-00018040-00018103 sitting
+eDorhnzivDu-00086-00018104-00018407 lying lying down shaking hands picking
+eDorhnzivDu-00087-00018408-00018494 up things
+eDorhnzivDu-00088-00018495-00018671 and other interaction with the owner are
+eDorhnzivDu-00089-00018672-00018839 easy for dogs to learn
+eDorhnzivDu-00090-00018840-00019086 you can make your dog loved by relatives
+eDorhnzivDu-00091-00019087-00019158 friends
+eDorhnzivDu-00092-00019159-00019350 and neighbors and the dog will become
+eDorhnzivDu-00093-00019351-00019519 the star of the community
+eDorhnzivDu-00094-00019520-00019735 if you like this video please share it
+eDorhnzivDu-00095-00019736-00019879 with your friends
+eDorhnzivDu-00096-00019880-00020047 don't forget to press the bell to get
+eDorhnzivDu-00097-00020048-00020672 notified of my new videos
+eELlctKa9B4-00000-00001259-00001771 jam and no trouble trouble trouble yeah
+eELlctKa9B4-00001-00001772-00002260 what so I won the blue hey burn the poor
+eELlctKa9B4-00002-00002261-00002685 no evil bomb a juncture and junk room
+eELlctKa9B4-00003-00002686-00003199 rubble bowel trouble umbrella by egg
+eELlctKa9B4-00004-00003200-00003551 don't you trouble
+eELlctKa9B4-00005-00003552-00004400 yuki-onna Thank You Donna Karan virtue
+eELlctKa9B4-00006-00004401-00004727 you can ask January girl yeah don't know
+eELlctKa9B4-00007-00004728-00005613 a bit of biology I left
+eELlctKa9B4-00008-00005614-00006392 it's yeah hi I am Dan
+eELlctKa9B4-00009-00006393-00006653 so John went around to the zoo with the
+eELlctKa9B4-00010-00006654-00008528 material silicon steppin vidieo a betta
+eELlctKa9B4-00011-00008529-00009976 watch IV Joe big are among Jay Hamilton
+eELlctKa9B4-00012-00009977-00011060 turning put the okay okay this Kannamma
+eELlctKa9B4-00013-00011061-00011360 spiritum facade and it secure attachment
+eELlctKa9B4-00015-00018401-00018762 wha-ha do is it
+eFYIW-6hAfA-00000-00000454-00000628 one of the things would be relevance
+eFYIW-6hAfA-00001-00000629-00000847 relevance to their lives their relevance
+eFYIW-6hAfA-00002-00000848-00001053 to their their stage of development
+eFYIW-6hAfA-00003-00001054-00001416 relevance to their interests sort of the
+eFYIW-6hAfA-00004-00001417-00001620 examples the types of examples that you
+eFYIW-6hAfA-00005-00001621-00001960 use would be examples that they can
+eFYIW-6hAfA-00006-00001961-00002329 relate to the types of assignments that
+eFYIW-6hAfA-00007-00002330-00002610 you give would be not your tried and
+eFYIW-6hAfA-00008-00002611-00002910 trued essay with the topic that you know
+eFYIW-6hAfA-00009-00002911-00003168 they can go on a website and find but
+eFYIW-6hAfA-00010-00003169-00003397 something that engages them to go and
+eFYIW-6hAfA-00011-00003397-00003729 ask questions to do inquiry to to
+eFYIW-6hAfA-00012-00003730-00003915 something that that appeals to them
+eFYIW-6hAfA-00013-00003917-00004160 something in their community for example
+eFYIW-6hAfA-00014-00004161-00004653 something that that gives them the the
+eFYIW-6hAfA-00015-00004654-00004896 impetus and the the the motivation to
+eFYIW-6hAfA-00016-00004897-00005078 stick with it no matter how hard it is
+eFYIW-6hAfA-00017-00005079-00005346 because at the end of it is some reward
+eFYIW-6hAfA-00018-00005347-00005518 for them they really want to know this
+eFYIW-6hAfA-00019-00005519-00005692 thing I try to make sure that all the
+eFYIW-6hAfA-00020-00005693-00005967 assignments that I have are fun on some
+eFYIW-6hAfA-00021-00005968-00006160 level it keeps them engaged keeps them
+eFYIW-6hAfA-00022-00006161-00006459 working the gamification helps out the
+eFYIW-6hAfA-00023-00006459-00006771 third-year course I require now that the
+eFYIW-6hAfA-00024-00006772-00006916 project always has some sort of a
+eFYIW-6hAfA-00025-00006917-00007105 community engaged scholarship or
+eFYIW-6hAfA-00026-00007106-00007333 community engagement component to it so
+eFYIW-6hAfA-00027-00007334-00007426 that the students are actually working
+eFYIW-6hAfA-00028-00007427-00007588 with a real client they're not just
+eFYIW-6hAfA-00029-00007589-00007738 building something for me that's gonna
+eFYIW-6hAfA-00030-00007739-00007995 be you know here's your marks and no one
+eFYIW-6hAfA-00031-00007996-00008106 really cares what you've just built
+eFYIW-6hAfA-00032-00008107-00008409 because it's just for an assignment when
+eFYIW-6hAfA-00033-00008410-00008664 the students are engaged by the
+eFYIW-6hAfA-00034-00008665-00008778 community they know that they're
+eFYIW-6hAfA-00035-00008779-00008889 building something that might make a
+eFYIW-6hAfA-00036-00008890-00009094 difference in someone's life they're far
+eFYIW-6hAfA-00037-00009095-00009303 more motivated to show up and it's been
+eFYIW-6hAfA-00038-00009304-00009520 the the difference in the classes where
+eFYIW-6hAfA-00039-00009521-00009795 I've had some sort of motivational
+eFYIW-6hAfA-00040-00009796-00009976 factor involved versus the classes where
+eFYIW-6hAfA-00041-00009977-00010234 I don't the attendance rates are vastly
+eFYIW-6hAfA-00042-00010235-00010462 different we're talking like 50% of the
+eFYIW-6hAfA-00043-00010463-00010723 class showing up versus 97% of the class
+eFYIW-6hAfA-00044-00010724-00010935 showing up and they are motivated to the
+eFYIW-6hAfA-00045-00010936-00011253 extent that this course is either a
+eFYIW-6hAfA-00046-00011254-00011545 choice or a must and that that's going
+eFYIW-6hAfA-00047-00011546-00011835 to impact the way that they work in the
+eFYIW-6hAfA-00048-00011836-00012016 course and the meaning that they take
+eFYIW-6hAfA-00049-00012017-00012573 from the course I try I try to work on
+eFYIW-6hAfA-00050-00012574-00012949 meaningful learning I try not to give
+eFYIW-6hAfA-00051-00012950-00013150 them irrelevant information I try to
+eFYIW-6hAfA-00052-00013151-00013381 make it I try to connect it as much as
+eFYIW-6hAfA-00053-00013382-00013504 possible to the lives that they're
+eFYIW-6hAfA-00054-00013505-00013756 living which I try to connect to they
+eFYIW-6hAfA-00055-00013757-00013888 get acquainted
+eFYIW-6hAfA-00056-00013890-00014186 so I build in enough latitude in the
+eFYIW-6hAfA-00057-00014187-00014416 course that the questions that I want to
+eFYIW-6hAfA-00058-00014418-00014638 ask and the activities that I want to do
+eFYIW-6hAfA-00059-00014640-00014927 I can massage it if necessary to the
+eFYIW-6hAfA-00060-00014928-00015143 lives that they're leaving for me a big
+eFYIW-6hAfA-00061-00015144-00015319 part of motivation you might think it's
+eFYIW-6hAfA-00062-00015320-00015632 related to the the teaching component
+eFYIW-6hAfA-00063-00015633-00015847 and I'm sure it is but from a
+eFYIW-6hAfA-00064-00015848-00016055 measurement perspective I think there's
+eFYIW-6hAfA-00065-00016056-00016372 an incredibly powerful role that
+eFYIW-6hAfA-00066-00016372-00016669 developing relevance assessments can
+eFYIW-6hAfA-00067-00016670-00016883 have on motivation I think the one thing
+eFYIW-6hAfA-00068-00016884-00017240 that we do see is that when we're asking
+eFYIW-6hAfA-00069-00017241-00017489 students in the context of assessment to
+eFYIW-6hAfA-00070-00017490-00017758 to get into something that is closer to
+eFYIW-6hAfA-00071-00017759-00017918 what happens to the world that they're
+eFYIW-6hAfA-00072-00017919-00018152 going to that they get a lot a lot more
+eFYIW-6hAfA-00073-00018153-00018400 excited and in that process so the
+eFYIW-6hAfA-00074-00018401-00018622 richness of assessment is actually the
+eFYIW-6hAfA-00075-00018623-00018853 vehicle that increases motivation in the
+eFYIW-6hAfA-00076-00018854-00019049 classroom assessments if they're
+eFYIW-6hAfA-00077-00019050-00019439 inspired in their design and in the way
+eFYIW-6hAfA-00078-00019440-00019697 that they are executed and in the kinds
+eFYIW-6hAfA-00079-00019698-00019916 of learning that they allow students do
+eFYIW-6hAfA-00080-00019917-00020267 to engage in whether it be on an
+eFYIW-6hAfA-00081-00020268-00020503 individual level within group settings
+eFYIW-6hAfA-00082-00020504-00020719 in the classroom or outside of the
+eFYIW-6hAfA-00083-00020720-00020924 classroom those kinds of inspired
+eFYIW-6hAfA-00084-00020925-00021169 designs of assessment actually motivate
+eFYIW-6hAfA-00085-00021170-00021464 students to participate and to and to
+eFYIW-6hAfA-00086-00021465-00021746 succeed at that point they are there's a
+eFYIW-6hAfA-00087-00021747-00021917 certain level of not just extrinsic
+eFYIW-6hAfA-00088-00021918-00022133 motivation but intrinsic motivation you
+eFYIW-6hAfA-00089-00022134-00022430 have to consider what motivates students
+eFYIW-6hAfA-00090-00022431-00022669 and one of the challenges is grades
+eFYIW-6hAfA-00091-00022670-00023015 motivate students and you have to be
+eFYIW-6hAfA-00092-00023016-00023267 frank about that that what you need to
+eFYIW-6hAfA-00093-00023268-00023525 do as an instructor is signal which
+eFYIW-6hAfA-00094-00023526-00023687 parts of the course you really want them
+eFYIW-6hAfA-00095-00023688-00023881 to focus on by how you distribute the
+eFYIW-6hAfA-00096-00023882-00024199 grades there are many things we can do
+eFYIW-6hAfA-00097-00024200-00024472 to improve motivation of students in the
+eFYIW-6hAfA-00098-00024473-00024772 class for example we can try to
+eFYIW-6hAfA-00099-00024773-00025127 implement Don Keller's motivational
+eFYIW-6hAfA-00100-00025128-00025517 model Keller based this model on years
+eFYIW-6hAfA-00101-00025518-00025825 of research in psychology and on the
+eFYIW-6hAfA-00102-00025826-00026089 topic of motivation and he came up with
+eFYIW-6hAfA-00103-00026091-00026474 a list of four categories that we should
+eFYIW-6hAfA-00104-00026475-00026863 think of an apply in the design of
+eFYIW-6hAfA-00105-00026864-00027188 instructional activities and these four
+eFYIW-6hAfA-00106-00027189-00027257 categories
+eFYIW-6hAfA-00107-00027258-00027755 our attention relevance confidence or
+eFYIW-6hAfA-00108-00027756-00028117 challenge and satisfaction or success
+eFYIW-6hAfA-00109-00028118-00028454 since this model was designed it has
+eFYIW-6hAfA-00110-00028455-00028799 been successfully tested and implemented
+eFYIW-6hAfA-00111-00028800-00029074 in many different environments and many
+eFYIW-6hAfA-00112-00029075-00029342 strategies were designed to put this
+eFYIW-6hAfA-00113-00029343-00029611 model from from theory to practice
+eFYIW-6hAfA-00114-00029612-00029839 I certainly use this model when I design
+eFYIW-6hAfA-00115-00029840-00030046 courses and it is something I would
+eFYIW-6hAfA-00116-00030047-00030418 suggest anyone who is interested in
+eFYIW-6hAfA-00117-00030419-00030692 motivational state of students in in the
+eFYIW-6hAfA-00118-00030693-00031024 course to look further into and to try
+eFYIW-6hAfA-00119-00031025-00031453 to implement in in their course design
+eGZFbaHq9vY-00000-00000043-00001141 [Music]
+eGZFbaHq9vY-00001-00001142-00001592 thank you
+eGZFbaHq9vY-00002-00001593-00003007 [Music]
+eGZFbaHq9vY-00003-00003008-00003361 visit our website
+eGZFbaHq9vY-00004-00003361-00003604 www.kickmear.biz for more products and
+eGZFbaHq9vY-00005-00003605-00003997 buy online with peace of mind
+eHCGDAaqED0-00000-00000057-00001829 [Music]
+eHCGDAaqED0-00001-00001830-00002082 hey guys this is critical welcome back
+eHCGDAaqED0-00002-00002083-00002292 to my channel I'm in Vellore and if
+eHCGDAaqED0-00003-00002293-00002426 you're new to my channel you may not
+eHCGDAaqED0-00004-00002427-00002604 know this but I'm from below I have
+eHCGDAaqED0-00005-00002605-00002805 spent the first 17 years of my life here
+eHCGDAaqED0-00006-00002806-00002976 until I moved out for college and work
+eHCGDAaqED0-00007-00002977-00003176 but I'm back here now and in today's
+eHCGDAaqED0-00008-00003177-00003321 video I thought I will give you a tour
+eHCGDAaqED0-00009-00003322-00003534 of my hometown basically be a tourist in
+eHCGDAaqED0-00010-00003535-00003707 my hometown so I hope you enjoy this
+eHCGDAaqED0-00011-00003708-00003888 video if you are new here be sure to
+eHCGDAaqED0-00012-00003889-00004053 subscribe and press the Bell button to
+eHCGDAaqED0-00013-00004054-00004255 never miss any of my videos
+eHCGDAaqED0-00014-00004256-00005839 [Music]
+eHCGDAaqED0-00015-00005840-00006225 [Music]
+eHCGDAaqED0-00016-00006226-00006439 the first part that I'm going to be
+eHCGDAaqED0-00017-00006440-00006645 showing you today is Veloz biggest and
+eHCGDAaqED0-00018-00006647-00006870 oldest tourist attraction the well old
+eHCGDAaqED0-00019-00006872-00007089 fort this was built all the way back in
+eHCGDAaqED0-00020-00007090-00007276 the 16th century by the vision of our
+eHCGDAaqED0-00021-00007277-00007402 kings and has a really interesting
+eHCGDAaqED0-00022-00007403-00007659 history to it so this lies right in the
+eHCGDAaqED0-00023-00007661-00007912 heart of the city and fun fact India's
+eHCGDAaqED0-00024-00007913-00008116 first ever Sequoia mutiny against the
+eHCGDAaqED0-00025-00008117-00008269 British took place in Vellore in
+eHCGDAaqED0-00026-00008270-00010362 eighteen not six
+eHCGDAaqED0-00027-00010363-00010596 another interesting fact about fellow
+eHCGDAaqED0-00028-00010597-00010824 Ford is that Tipu Sultan was kept here
+eHCGDAaqED0-00029-00010825-00011046 as a captive by the British also the
+eHCGDAaqED0-00030-00011047-00011305 sport house is a temple a church and a
+eHCGDAaqED0-00031-00011306-00011476 mosque which I've never really seen in
+eHCGDAaqED0-00032-00011477-00011671 any forts in India before and that
+eHCGDAaqED0-00033-00011672-00011872 behind me is the temple
+eHCGDAaqED0-00034-00011873-00012473 [Music]
+eHCGDAaqED0-00035-00012474-00013119 [Music]
+eHCGDAaqED0-00036-00013119-00013272 [Music]
+eHCGDAaqED0-00037-00013272-00013557 I used to come to the Velo fort a lot as
+eHCGDAaqED0-00038-00013558-00013730 a kid but I don't only come here a lot
+eHCGDAaqED0-00039-00013731-00013899 anymore or I really should though
+eHCGDAaqED0-00040-00013900-00014046 because this place is so beautiful and
+eHCGDAaqED0-00041-00014047-00014160 so peaceful
+eHCGDAaqED0-00042-00014161-00014405 [Applause]
+eHCGDAaqED0-00043-00014406-00015122 [Music]
+eHCGDAaqED0-00044-00015122-00015569 we are now at Jellico initio temple and
+eHCGDAaqED0-00045-00015569-00015911 it was built around 1566 so it's quite
+eHCGDAaqED0-00046-00015912-00016324 old
+eHCGDAaqED0-00047-00016325-00017169 [Music]
+eHCGDAaqED0-00048-00017170-00017500 this is so cool this is both an elephant
+eHCGDAaqED0-00049-00017501-00017762 and a bull depending on how you see it
+eHCGDAaqED0-00050-00017763-00018196 [Music]
+eHCGDAaqED0-00051-00018197-00018458 Gela Kentish were like I said is the
+eHCGDAaqED0-00052-00018459-00018664 Rollie old temple but interestingly for
+eHCGDAaqED0-00053-00018665-00018814 many years this temple didn't actually
+eHCGDAaqED0-00054-00018815-00019046 have any idols this temple was used to
+eHCGDAaqED0-00055-00019047-00019217 store weapons for the war but eventually
+eHCGDAaqED0-00056-00019218-00019430 they did keep an idol inside this temple
+eHCGDAaqED0-00057-00019431-00020400 and this is basically a shiva temple
+eHCGDAaqED0-00058-00020401-00020635 just went inside the temple but
+eHCGDAaqED0-00059-00020636-00020863 photography was unfortunately prohibited
+eHCGDAaqED0-00060-00020864-00020983 inside so I couldn't really film
+eHCGDAaqED0-00061-00020984-00021145 anything but I always feel like South
+eHCGDAaqED0-00062-00021146-00021328 Indian temples are so magnificent and
+eHCGDAaqED0-00063-00021329-00021550 beautiful and South Indian culture in
+eHCGDAaqED0-00064-00021551-00022038 general is really rich
+eHCGDAaqED0-00065-00022039-00022467 [Music]
+eHCGDAaqED0-00066-00022468-00022930 lol near Cupertino 50 oh come on
+eHCGDAaqED0-00067-00022931-00023286 totally oh okay okay oh no way no
+eHCGDAaqED0-00068-00023287-00024202 analyst sweetie no I just got some raw
+eHCGDAaqED0-00069-00024203-00024752 mangoes and some coconut water
+eHCGDAaqED0-00070-00024753-00025645 I decided to eat breakfast outside today
+eHCGDAaqED0-00071-00025647-00025814 another restaurant that I've never been
+eHCGDAaqED0-00072-00025814-00026476 to before
+eHCGDAaqED0-00073-00026477-00027399 [Music]
+eHCGDAaqED0-00074-00027400-00027655 I'm now in the busiest part of ello
+eHCGDAaqED0-00075-00027656-00027864 which is the main market area the street
+eHCGDAaqED0-00076-00027866-00028039 that I'm on is called Gandhi Road and
+eHCGDAaqED0-00077-00028039-00028174 the street parallel to this is called
+eHCGDAaqED0-00078-00028175-00028360 long bazaar and literally everything you
+eHCGDAaqED0-00079-00028361-00028527 could possibly imagine you get over here
+eHCGDAaqED0-00080-00028529-00028762 from fruits and flowers to clothes and
+eHCGDAaqED0-00081-00028763-00028924 jewelry so I'm just going to walk around
+eHCGDAaqED0-00082-00028925-00029098 this area and give you a tour of the
+eHCGDAaqED0-00083-00029099-00029162 place
+eHCGDAaqED0-00084-00029163-00030035 [Music]
+eHCGDAaqED0-00085-00030036-00031239 [Applause]
+eHCGDAaqED0-00086-00031240-00032035 I haven't been to this place in yours
+eHCGDAaqED0-00087-00032036-00032238 and honestly the stage still looks the
+eHCGDAaqED0-00088-00032239-00032415 same exactly the way I remember it from
+eHCGDAaqED0-00089-00032416-00032511 when I was a kid
+eHCGDAaqED0-00090-00032512-00032718 and I think all this decoration here is
+eHCGDAaqED0-00091-00032719-00033647 for Amazon
+eHCGDAaqED0-00092-00033648-00033906 so just across the street from Gandhi
+eHCGDAaqED0-00093-00033907-00034137 Road is the very famous PNC Hospital
+eHCGDAaqED0-00094-00034138-00034278 which is one of the best hospitals in
+eHCGDAaqED0-00095-00034279-00034482 the country because of TMC weather has
+eHCGDAaqED0-00096-00034483-00034653 become a really famous spot for medical
+eHCGDAaqED0-00097-00034654-00034815 tourism and people from all over the
+eHCGDAaqED0-00098-00034816-00035463 country come here kind of tired after
+eHCGDAaqED0-00099-00035464-00035622 all that sightseeing's have come to this
+eHCGDAaqED0-00100-00035623-00035787 restaurant called Chinatown for lunch
+eHCGDAaqED0-00101-00035788-00035976 now this is a really old restaurant it's
+eHCGDAaqED0-00102-00035977-00036093 been around since I was a kid
+eHCGDAaqED0-00103-00036094-00036288 and I haven't been here in really long
+eHCGDAaqED0-00104-00036289-00036441 time Bell or now has a lot of
+eHCGDAaqED0-00105-00036442-00036633 restaurants and a lot of new ones too
+eHCGDAaqED0-00106-00036634-00036804 but I don't like Chinatown so I wanted
+eHCGDAaqED0-00107-00036805-00036975 to eat you also I feel like when lore
+eHCGDAaqED0-00108-00036976-00037146 has the best Chinese food that I've ever
+eHCGDAaqED0-00109-00037147-00037269 had in India and I'm not even
+eHCGDAaqED0-00110-00037270-00037470 exaggerating when I'm saying that so I'm
+eHCGDAaqED0-00111-00037471-00037722 really excited about this meal so I've
+eHCGDAaqED0-00112-00037723-00037989 ordered a manchow soup and wontons this
+eHCGDAaqED0-00113-00037990-00038271 is my favorite food of all time and I'm
+eHCGDAaqED0-00114-00038272-00038433 not eating alone I have my parents here
+eHCGDAaqED0-00115-00038434-00039429 with me
+eHCGDAaqED0-00116-00039430-00039688 the lunch was pretty good heading back
+eHCGDAaqED0-00117-00039689-00039857 home now for a bit because it's really
+eHCGDAaqED0-00118-00039858-00040004 hot outside so I'll see you in the
+eHCGDAaqED0-00119-00040005-00040231 evening
+eHCGDAaqED0-00120-00040232-00040895 [Music]
+eHCGDAaqED0-00121-00040896-00041217 hi again so I'm at Pala Motty Hills
+eHCGDAaqED0-00122-00041218-00041421 which is about 15 to 20 minutes away
+eHCGDAaqED0-00123-00041422-00041652 from my house now if I'm being honest I
+eHCGDAaqED0-00124-00041653-00041742 didn't even know this place existed
+eHCGDAaqED0-00125-00041743-00041958 until last year I think the first time I
+eHCGDAaqED0-00126-00041959-00042123 was here I actually logged it as well
+eHCGDAaqED0-00127-00042124-00042357 and I was completely mind blown by how
+eHCGDAaqED0-00128-00042358-00042504 beautiful this place is and I can't
+eHCGDAaqED0-00129-00042505-00042657 believe this is just 15 minutes away
+eHCGDAaqED0-00130-00042658-00042876 from my house so well or is surrounded
+eHCGDAaqED0-00131-00042877-00043074 by hills there are lots of hills and a
+eHCGDAaqED0-00132-00043075-00043224 lot of times I actually go hiking on
+eHCGDAaqED0-00133-00043225-00043431 some of these hills as well or so right
+eHCGDAaqED0-00134-00043432-00043635 now I'm at Palomar Hills which is one of
+eHCGDAaqED0-00135-00043636-00043791 the many hills over here and the view
+eHCGDAaqED0-00136-00043792-00043971 from your is amazing
+eHCGDAaqED0-00137-00043972-00044802 [Music]
+eHCGDAaqED0-00138-00044803-00045076 I'm carrying my drone I'm gonna fly it
+eHCGDAaqED0-00139-00045077-00045489 and see if I can get some good shots
+eHCGDAaqED0-00140-00045490-00047625 [Music]
+eHCGDAaqED0-00141-00047626-00047777 [Music]
+eHCGDAaqED0-00142-00047778-00048030 just driving around below right now with
+eHCGDAaqED0-00143-00048031-00048301 my mom
+eHCGDAaqED0-00144-00048302-00048496 and I'm going to show you where those
+eHCGDAaqED0-00145-00048497-00048715 nightlight just kidding below doesn't
+eHCGDAaqED0-00146-00048716-00048892 really have a nightlife so right now
+eHCGDAaqED0-00147-00048893-00049189 we're on a bridge and you can't see it
+eHCGDAaqED0-00148-00049190-00049396 also there's no water here underneath
+eHCGDAaqED0-00149-00049397-00049567 this bridge is supposed to be a river
+eHCGDAaqED0-00150-00049568-00049756 it's called the power work but it's
+eHCGDAaqED0-00151-00049757-00050401 pretty much dry all year long
+eHCGDAaqED0-00152-00050402-00050617 when our this area called card party
+eHCGDAaqED0-00153-00050618-00050773 which is also the name of the railway
+eHCGDAaqED0-00154-00050774-00050898 station in the door
+eHCGDAaqED0-00155-00050899-00051242 [Music]
+eHCGDAaqED0-00156-00051244-00051501 this is the very famous engineering
+eHCGDAaqED0-00157-00051502-00051676 college envelope called bellow Institute
+eHCGDAaqED0-00158-00051677-00051852 of Technology and people from all over
+eHCGDAaqED0-00159-00051853-00052063 the country come here to study done
+eHCGDAaqED0-00160-00052064-00052290 driving around kind of hungry right now
+eHCGDAaqED0-00161-00052291-00052467 I'm in the mood for some chard so we're
+eHCGDAaqED0-00162-00052469-00052837 going to go get some chard for dinner
+eHCGDAaqED0-00163-00052838-00053114 so we are at this place called Bombay on
+eHCGDAaqED0-00164-00053115-00053363 11 which is 104 year old establishment
+eHCGDAaqED0-00165-00053364-00053605 this was originally a sweet shop but
+eHCGDAaqED0-00166-00053607-00053798 they now also sell charge and fast food
+eHCGDAaqED0-00167-00053799-00054035 like pizzas and burgers and fun fact
+eHCGDAaqED0-00168-00054036-00054221 this actually belongs to my dad
+eHCGDAaqED0-00169-00054222-00054503 hashtag sponsored just kidding so I
+eHCGDAaqED0-00170-00054504-00054701 really like the chart over here and I'm
+eHCGDAaqED0-00171-00054702-00054836 really hungry so I'm going to be eating
+eHCGDAaqED0-00172-00054837-00055369 a lot of food today would be
+eHCGDAaqED0-00173-00055370-00055807 [Music]
+eHCGDAaqED0-00174-00055808-00056075 support is lowered I'm having a lot do
+eHCGDAaqED0-00175-00056076-00056319 and my mom is having a gulab jamun she's
+eHCGDAaqED0-00176-00056320-00056562 already taken a bite so I love Indian
+eHCGDAaqED0-00177-00056563-00056721 mentality and growing up I used to be
+eHCGDAaqED0-00178-00056722-00056879 obsessed with gulab jamuns I used to
+eHCGDAaqED0-00179-00056880-00057072 have fun literally every day for many
+eHCGDAaqED0-00180-00057073-00057246 earth which is not the healthiest thing
+eHCGDAaqED0-00181-00057247-00057401 to do I know but I used to do that for
+eHCGDAaqED0-00182-00057402-00057750 many others anyway I think and I hope
+eHCGDAaqED0-00183-00057751-00057948 you enjoyed watching it honestly there's
+eHCGDAaqED0-00184-00057949-00058100 so much more to below but I hope you got
+eHCGDAaqED0-00185-00058101-00058275 a glimpse of what velour is like if you
+eHCGDAaqED0-00186-00058276-00058473 enjoyed this video give it a like leave
+eHCGDAaqED0-00187-00058474-00058611 a comment and let me know what you
+eHCGDAaqED0-00188-00058612-00058737 thought of it and don't forget to
+eHCGDAaqED0-00189-00058738-00058887 subscribe to my channel I'll see you
+eHCGDAaqED0-00190-00058888-00059204 guys in my next video bye
+eJQe1bUwL7k-00000-00000008-00000247 give yourself permission to fumble
+eJQe1bUwL7k-00001-00000248-00000351 there's an album
+eJQe1bUwL7k-00002-00000352-00000487 by sarah mclachlan called funding
+eJQe1bUwL7k-00003-00000488-00000678 towards ecstasy
+eJQe1bUwL7k-00004-00000679-00000807 for me entrepreneurship is funding
+eJQe1bUwL7k-00005-00000808-00001039 towards success so
+eJQe1bUwL7k-00006-00001040-00001391 we we we trip we get up we chip the we
+eJQe1bUwL7k-00007-00001392-00001431 trip
+eJQe1bUwL7k-00008-00001432-00001647 and get up again and sometimes it's it's
+eJQe1bUwL7k-00009-00001648-00001734 a
+eJQe1bUwL7k-00010-00001735-00001847 it's a small trip sometimes it's a
+eJQe1bUwL7k-00011-00001848-00002071 bigger one but we fumble
+eJQe1bUwL7k-00012-00002072-00002271 towards the successful part so you'll
+eJQe1bUwL7k-00013-00002272-00002399 get there
+eJQe1bUwL7k-00014-00002400-00002702 bit by bit just you'll get there
+eJQe1bUwL7k-00015-00002703-00002855 and also there's another quote from one
+eJQe1bUwL7k-00016-00002856-00002999 of the old books i've read this was a
+eJQe1bUwL7k-00017-00003000-00003183 very very old book i read
+eJQe1bUwL7k-00018-00003184-00003351 it was written at the time it was about
+eJQe1bUwL7k-00019-00003352-00003519 computers and
+eJQe1bUwL7k-00020-00003520-00003638 before windows there was something
+eJQe1bUwL7k-00021-00003639-00003831 called dos one of the quotes in this
+eJQe1bUwL7k-00022-00003832-00003983 book says you'll never have enough
+eJQe1bUwL7k-00023-00003984-00004191 money time or memory in their case
+eJQe1bUwL7k-00024-00004192-00004311 remedy meaning like
+eJQe1bUwL7k-00025-00004312-00004463 you know computer memory and so on but
+eJQe1bUwL7k-00026-00004464-00004663 what i'm trying to tell you is
+eJQe1bUwL7k-00027-00004664-00004806 we will never have enough time money or
+eJQe1bUwL7k-00028-00004807-00004967 memories so what we're trying to do to
+eJQe1bUwL7k-00029-00004968-00005159 fumble towards what we have we will deal
+eJQe1bUwL7k-00030-00005160-00005247 with what we know with whatever
+eJQe1bUwL7k-00031-00005248-00005399 resources we have in order
+eJQe1bUwL7k-00032-00005400-00005655 to do so
+eLy6NsbatIQ-00000-00000014-00000350 the Ministry of Environment or MOU was a
+eLy6NsbatIQ-00001-00000351-00000578 cabinet-level Ministry of Government of
+eLy6NsbatIQ-00002-00000579-00000805 Pakistan tasked and primarily
+eLy6NsbatIQ-00003-00000806-00001060 responsible for planning coordinating
+eLy6NsbatIQ-00004-00001061-00001319 promoting protecting and overseeing the
+eLy6NsbatIQ-00005-00001320-00001558 policy implementation of government
+eLy6NsbatIQ-00006-00001559-00001798 sanctioned environmental and forestry
+eLy6NsbatIQ-00007-00001800-00001968 programs in the country
+eLy6NsbatIQ-00008-00001969-00002279 it's government activities included
+eLy6NsbatIQ-00009-00002280-00002572 conservation survey of fauna flora
+eLy6NsbatIQ-00010-00002573-00002926 forestry wildlife including wildflowers
+eLy6NsbatIQ-00011-00002927-00003133 protection and Prevention of pollution
+eLy6NsbatIQ-00012-00003134-00003356 control afforestation
+eLy6NsbatIQ-00013-00003357-00003722 and land degradation mitigation the MOU
+eLy6NsbatIQ-00014-00003722-00004006 was also responsible for administrating
+eLy6NsbatIQ-00015-00004007-00004220 and establishing the national parks of
+eLy6NsbatIQ-00016-00004221-00004643 Pakistan the ministerial Department or
+eLy6NsbatIQ-00017-00004644-00004904 MOU was administrated by the Environment
+eLy6NsbatIQ-00018-00004905-00005150 Minister of Pakistan who was also a
+eLy6NsbatIQ-00019-00005151-00005356 leading member of cabinet of Prime
+eLy6NsbatIQ-00020-00005357-00005765 Minister of Pakistan the MOU had also
+eLy6NsbatIQ-00021-00005766-00005931 contained the separate and autonomous
+eLy6NsbatIQ-00022-00005932-00006247 government Department Pakistan
+eLy6NsbatIQ-00023-00006248-00006569 environmental protection agency Pakistan
+eLy6NsbatIQ-00024-00006570-00006980 EPA the EPA is a leading department of
+eLy6NsbatIQ-00025-00006981-00007220 the MOU usually tasked to handle the air
+eLy6NsbatIQ-00026-00007220-00007492 pollution radioactive waste management
+eLy6NsbatIQ-00027-00007493-00007706 promotion of civilian usage of
+eLy6NsbatIQ-00028-00007706-00007996 environmental isotopes while it also has
+eLy6NsbatIQ-00029-00007997-00008216 the responsible to implementing and
+eLy6NsbatIQ-00030-00008217-00008462 enforcing the Pakistan Environmental
+eLy6NsbatIQ-00031-00008463-00008853 Protection Act in the country Pakistan
+eLy6NsbatIQ-00032-00008854-00009124 environmental protection agency was an
+eLy6NsbatIQ-00033-00009125-00009328 attached department of the Ministry of
+eLy6NsbatIQ-00034-00009329-00009589 Environment and responsible to implement
+eLy6NsbatIQ-00035-00009590-00009842 the Pakistan Environmental Protection
+eLy6NsbatIQ-00036-00009843-00009901 Act
+eLy6NsbatIQ-00037-00009902-00010267 1997 in the country an act to provide
+eLy6NsbatIQ-00038-00010268-00010549 for the protection conservation
+eLy6NsbatIQ-00039-00010550-00010748 rehabilitation and improvement of
+eLy6NsbatIQ-00040-00010749-00010942 environment for the prevention and
+eLy6NsbatIQ-00041-00010943-00011183 control of pollution and promotion of
+eLy6NsbatIQ-00042-00011184-00011506 sustainable development Pakistan
+eLy6NsbatIQ-00043-00011507-00011762 environmental protection agency also
+eLy6NsbatIQ-00044-00011763-00011989 provides all kind of technical
+eLy6NsbatIQ-00045-00011990-00012142 assistance to the Ministry of
+eLy6NsbatIQ-00046-00012143-00012341 Environment for formulation of
+eLy6NsbatIQ-00047-00012342-00012694 environment policy and programs
+eLy6NsbatIQ-00048-00012695-00012938 the ministry has been abolished under
+eLy6NsbatIQ-00049-00012939-00013213 constitutional requirements in Pakistan
+eLy6NsbatIQ-00050-00013213-00013978 on June 30th 2011
+eLy6NsbatIQ-00051-00013979-00014640 topic former departments
+eLy6NsbatIQ-00052-00014641-00014899 Environmental Protection Agency for a
+eLy6NsbatIQ-00053-00014900-00015121 Zod Kashmir
+eLy6NsbatIQ-00054-00015122-00015469 EPA for Punjab province
+eLy6NsbatIQ-00055-00015469-00015794 EPA force in Provence
+eLy6NsbatIQ-00056-00015795-00016263 EPA for Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province EPA
+eLy6NsbatIQ-00057-00016263-00016558 for Balochistan province
+eLy6NsbatIQ-00058-00016559-00017238 EPA for gilgit-baltistan
+eLy6NsbatIQ-00059-00017239-00017810 topic see also
+eLy6NsbatIQ-00060-00017811-00018608 Pakistan Environmental Protection Agency
+eLy6NsbatIQ-00061-00018609-00019219 topic external links
+eLy6NsbatIQ-00062-00019220-00019569 Ministry of Environment of Pakistan
+eLy6NsbatIQ-00063-00019570-00020161 Pakistan Environmental Protection Agency
+eMzEiwZnLXY-00000-00000019-00000335 brahma guru vishnu who they will go to
+eMzEiwZnLXY-00001-00000336-00000505 my age go to shot shot
+eMzEiwZnLXY-00002-00000506-00000746 para brahma that's ministry home go away
+eMzEiwZnLXY-00003-00000747-00000947 my mother wanna come and brilliant an
+eMzEiwZnLXY-00004-00000948-00001100 unparticle poem the guru pitch ever
+eMzEiwZnLXY-00005-00001101-00001354 known but i in dum diddy and that patent
+eMzEiwZnLXY-00006-00001355-00001385 body
+eMzEiwZnLXY-00007-00001386-00001603 Heidi garlic add up an addendum any
+eMzEiwZnLXY-00008-00001604-00001820 number another movie in the a together
+eMzEiwZnLXY-00009-00001821-00002017 and open in under two or monument
+eMzEiwZnLXY-00010-00002018-00002204 Chikatilo ended unless you cooperate
+eMzEiwZnLXY-00011-00002205-00002549 here here a bring a measure like cannot
+eMzEiwZnLXY-00012-00002550-00002752 measure as he killed on Brahma Brahma
+eMzEiwZnLXY-00013-00002753-00003031 damn anybody in Brahma I mean in
+eMzEiwZnLXY-00014-00003032-00003344 Oklahoma Toradora pray Arnhem candy
+eMzEiwZnLXY-00015-00003345-00003545 everybody who radish the town at is just
+eMzEiwZnLXY-00016-00003546-00003806 Onam Goomba lukewarm body I'm thinking
+eMzEiwZnLXY-00017-00003807-00004070 say him down I'm dharmam on mega yacht
+eMzEiwZnLXY-00018-00004071-00004367 today abrino moto up an angle to Lily
+eMzEiwZnLXY-00019-00004368-00004667 could hope read over a very mentally
+eMzEiwZnLXY-00020-00004668-00004795 leaving him pushed upward to lean toward
+eMzEiwZnLXY-00021-00004796-00004954 a more bomb opinion cordoning every
+eMzEiwZnLXY-00022-00004955-00005213 chicken are sitting la happy Nigella me
+eMzEiwZnLXY-00023-00005214-00005561 would allow or a ball Medicaid every now
+eMzEiwZnLXY-00024-00005562-00005731 with a la plana collector Akuma a
+eMzEiwZnLXY-00025-00005732-00006026 bringer running a pretty good yet time
+eMzEiwZnLXY-00026-00006027-00006242 we belong la Connecticut time from the
+eMzEiwZnLXY-00027-00006243-00006370 sternum on I haven't learned one
+eMzEiwZnLXY-00028-00006371-00006692 barometer to Caesarea up Rina in dominum
+eMzEiwZnLXY-00029-00006693-00006989 guru K mantra parlor in down party el
+eMzEiwZnLXY-00030-00006990-00007133 imperio Brahm Padre
+eMzEiwZnLXY-00031-00007134-00007334 I'm damn party Allah Allah Karim Garcia
+eMzEiwZnLXY-00032-00007334-00007664 Parkin Yellin pervy again mantra met a
+eMzEiwZnLXY-00033-00007665-00007921 parking ramp are beyond the Rhine
+eMzEiwZnLXY-00034-00007922-00008103 Demeter table a Brina
+eMzEiwZnLXY-00035-00008104-00008369 guru brahma club Poonam measure
+eMzEiwZnLXY-00036-00008370-00008596 illegally nobody Barragan me would've
+eMzEiwZnLXY-00037-00008597-00008774 already better male abomination Akram
+eMzEiwZnLXY-00038-00008775-00008989 Rossi Morreale argument apparent
+eMzEiwZnLXY-00039-00008990-00009383 Poornima candy pile now article now the
+eMzEiwZnLXY-00040-00009384-00009524 Guru perche parandham
+eMzEiwZnLXY-00041-00009525-00009799 palin aleikum layer or Mottram bottom
+eMzEiwZnLXY-00042-00009800-00010046 operating given a patina yadi Kellogg
+eMzEiwZnLXY-00043-00010047-00010309 guru does a guru bhakti not a politico I
+eMzEiwZnLXY-00044-00010310-00010546 don't now guru does a guru book another
+eMzEiwZnLXY-00045-00010547-00010778 plate over Glickman Tamela and a guru
+eMzEiwZnLXY-00046-00010779-00010924 Engel life could have taken a lover
+eMzEiwZnLXY-00047-00010925-00011078 everyone others may Allah can take in
+eMzEiwZnLXY-00048-00011079-00011228 all of our on goombah upon a Mentos
+eMzEiwZnLXY-00049-00011229-00011378 curry over a lane the martyr got Emily
+eMzEiwZnLXY-00050-00011379-00011428 ha
+eMzEiwZnLXY-00051-00011429-00011692 guru Nolan LM a Yeller NOLA got order in
+eMzEiwZnLXY-00052-00011693-00011951 and around a table with umbrella
+eMzEiwZnLXY-00053-00011952-00012119 are you me on of Allah tomorrow go make
+eMzEiwZnLXY-00054-00012120-00012238 sure ah si Carina
+eMzEiwZnLXY-00055-00012239-00012419 our Allah measure as he may sell economy
+eMzEiwZnLXY-00056-00012420-00012635 are 11 all about the foreign-born or but
+eMzEiwZnLXY-00057-00012636-00012766 in HSN jungle Oh
+eMzEiwZnLXY-00058-00012767-00013077 melody Kanaya Caramba easier father
+eMzEiwZnLXY-00059-00013078-00013237 doesn't want the belly not multum a ling
+eMzEiwZnLXY-00060-00013238-00013435 a ling engineer and the bamboo report on
+eMzEiwZnLXY-00061-00013436-00013633 Oklahoma but I'm at himself but he
+eMzEiwZnLXY-00062-00013634-00013843 laughs Eileen the Guru p.m. Rosario
+eMzEiwZnLXY-00063-00013844-00013980 pretty good evening 3-piece all ranked
+eMzEiwZnLXY-00064-00013981-00014194 guru does say guru bhakti nella Malindi
+eMzEiwZnLXY-00065-00014194-00014326 are you can learn the combinational in
+eMzEiwZnLXY-00066-00014327-00014569 America or allegorical lock for aramean
+eMzEiwZnLXY-00067-00014569-00014644 arrive tomorrow
+eMzEiwZnLXY-00068-00014644-00014821 pyaara online someone up at our total
+eMzEiwZnLXY-00069-00014822-00015013 living low in the share market they are
+eMzEiwZnLXY-00070-00015013-00015463 ragini low opera Monday were am headed
+eMzEiwZnLXY-00071-00015463-00015607 to sell it to someone de patata Laila
+eMzEiwZnLXY-00072-00015608-00015763 fell over odds someone to put the
+eMzEiwZnLXY-00073-00015763-00015805 trailer
+eMzEiwZnLXY-00074-00015806-00016000 hoorah or arming him someone to put the
+eMzEiwZnLXY-00075-00016001-00016141 pariah and Elsa LaBelle want to say you
+eMzEiwZnLXY-00076-00016141-00016282 know so you know my distance you today
+eMzEiwZnLXY-00077-00016283-00016432 yet commercial economist or as you
+eMzEiwZnLXY-00078-00016433-00016615 correctly Allah means you know the Guru
+eMzEiwZnLXY-00079-00016616-00016792 does a GU looked in Apollo but I could
+eMzEiwZnLXY-00080-00016793-00016980 hear ya even more of mine the woman
+eMzEiwZnLXY-00081-00016981-00017143 birimbau' jnana
+eMzEiwZnLXY-00082-00017144-00017308 celebrate wonder would name a phenomenal
+eMzEiwZnLXY-00083-00017309-00017472 daddy in the mineral cocina the one
+eMzEiwZnLXY-00084-00017473-00017683 brahma the guru pujas out like an item
+eMzEiwZnLXY-00085-00017684-00017971 well receive our economy our economy or
+eMzEiwZnLXY-00086-00017972-00018147 a gr the Gamma Rho well I know about
+eMzEiwZnLXY-00087-00018148-00018525 embark upon not in the bomb silicon guru
+eMzEiwZnLXY-00088-00018526-00018828 guru I'm watch our telecom Basia
+eMzEiwZnLXY-00089-00018829-00019053 bocharov now you're available achilles
+eMzEiwZnLXY-00090-00019054-00019294 Alpana poor degrees well Jojo Cabrillo
+eMzEiwZnLXY-00091-00019295-00019408 Romana
+eMzEiwZnLXY-00092-00019409-00019612 one Damian penomet up already I think
+eMzEiwZnLXY-00093-00019613-00019744 burn a little bit a parapet on the
+eMzEiwZnLXY-00094-00019745-00019927 parallel equivalent sort of the karna
+eMzEiwZnLXY-00095-00019928-00020077 will not let him butter like get to
+eMzEiwZnLXY-00096-00020078-00020331 number number ready well yada yada wound
+eMzEiwZnLXY-00097-00020332-00020602 over mobile armor Paragon Anna and the
+eMzEiwZnLXY-00098-00020603-00020853 creep in Tagalog atomic number I in them
+eMzEiwZnLXY-00099-00020854-00021031 they realize the Pitamber immoral it is
+eMzEiwZnLXY-00100-00021032-00021202 delivered over a mega mondo Ron me and
+eMzEiwZnLXY-00101-00021203-00021349 someone to put it down or more Dharma
+eMzEiwZnLXY-00102-00021350-00021550 more layer 3 oh yeah you got on me
+eMzEiwZnLXY-00103-00021551-00021736 laughter a para mula CUDA me sharing low
+eMzEiwZnLXY-00104-00021737-00021943 unless you're a derivative is a review
+eMzEiwZnLXY-00105-00021944-00022111 Azam would like to put me am NOT getting
+eMzEiwZnLXY-00106-00022112-00022303 you in an olive on tending Ella please
+eMzEiwZnLXY-00107-00022304-00022444 save your bar button wonder thing you
+eMzEiwZnLXY-00108-00022445-00022768 acted wondering me if I'm under a moment
+eMzEiwZnLXY-00109-00022769-00022959 like a poet a look only little power of
+eMzEiwZnLXY-00110-00022960-00023194 like love is a barometer be they run
+eMzEiwZnLXY-00111-00023195-00023422 quick ad in barra madam Sunday in booty
+eMzEiwZnLXY-00112-00023423-00023593 come Sunday's aren't of remulak era
+eMzEiwZnLXY-00113-00023594-00023836 other I am yeah Luka I'm curriculum
+eMzEiwZnLXY-00114-00023837-00024166 member ahamill todo GUI article because
+eMzEiwZnLXY-00115-00024167-00024367 I break you pull the way louder give me
+eMzEiwZnLXY-00116-00024368-00024519 a pre CARICOM good a9 like my solar
+eMzEiwZnLXY-00117-00024520-00024730 power grid well under dynasty and a
+eMzEiwZnLXY-00118-00024731-00024877 sedan it's a kind of redundancy and
+eMzEiwZnLXY-00119-00024878-00025200 Roger have owned a grocery you know so
+eMzEiwZnLXY-00120-00025201-00025572 Suri and also Corona Allah Rahu Eric um
+eMzEiwZnLXY-00121-00025573-00025746 budget Allah no more like an apple an
+eMzEiwZnLXY-00122-00025747-00025902 elective America almost Orion large
+eMzEiwZnLXY-00123-00025903-00026083 audience of while understand
+eMzEiwZnLXY-00124-00026085-00026282 well underneath it the political I'm
+eMzEiwZnLXY-00125-00026283-00026456 gonna condone uh Lemuria I gotta come up
+eMzEiwZnLXY-00126-00026457-00026579 a ballot since you're tracking here well
+eMzEiwZnLXY-00127-00026580-00026738 you know pouring - pouring yeah no
+eMzEiwZnLXY-00128-00026739-00026864 working all the pears run gotta come
+eMzEiwZnLXY-00129-00026864-00027092 Google prove Eliza here come holla at
+eMzEiwZnLXY-00130-00027093-00027377 amalga it okay mayor hace más allá can
+eMzEiwZnLXY-00131-00027377-00027587 unblock another on its own equity Kelly
+eMzEiwZnLXY-00132-00027588-00027794 could put here come in Kerala weather
+eMzEiwZnLXY-00133-00027795-00027983 doesn't day or nothing you get clock 9 3
+eMzEiwZnLXY-00134-00027983-00028361 ohms you guru brahma guru vishnu guru
+eMzEiwZnLXY-00135-00028362-00028667 devo go to my age for a shot para brahma
+eMzEiwZnLXY-00136-00028668-00029099 that's Mary home go away now Maga
+eNs9dKU4lsE-00000-00000056-00000329 Liverpool also known as Liverpool the
+eNs9dKU4lsE-00001-00000330-00000548 computer game is an association football
+eNs9dKU4lsE-00002-00000549-00000860 video game released in 1994 the Amstrad
+eNs9dKU4lsE-00003-00000861-00001262 CPC in 1992 versions were released for
+eNs9dKU4lsE-00004-00001263-00001445 the Atari Street Commodore Amiga and
+eNs9dKU4lsE-00005-00001446-00001679 ms-dos platforms and a Commodore 64
+eNs9dKU4lsE-00006-00001680-00002075 version was released in 1993 the game
+eNs9dKU4lsE-00007-00002076-00002273 was developed by Ark developments and
+eNs9dKU4lsE-00008-00002274-00002493 published by grand-slam entertainment
+eNs9dKU4lsE-00009-00002494-00002765 Liverpool is based on the Liverpool FC
+eNs9dKU4lsE-00010-00002766-00003020 football team one or two players can
+eNs9dKU4lsE-00011-00003021-00003304 play Liverpool a ZX Spectrum version was
+eNs9dKU4lsE-00012-00003305-00004040 advertised but never actually released
+eNs9dKU4lsE-00013-00004040-00004552 topic gameplay
+eNs9dKU4lsE-00014-00004553-00004822 Liverpool is a football video game that
+eNs9dKU4lsE-00015-00004823-00004984 allows the player to take control of
+eNs9dKU4lsE-00016-00004985-00005200 Liverpool FC and play against other
+eNs9dKU4lsE-00017-00005201-00005350 teams in the English football league
+eNs9dKU4lsE-00018-00005351-00005654 system in FA Cup the game allows the
+eNs9dKU4lsE-00019-00005655-00005839 player choose the formation and pick the
+eNs9dKU4lsE-00020-00005840-00006020 team from real players in the Liverpool
+eNs9dKU4lsE-00021-00006021-00006304 squad before practice games the player
+eNs9dKU4lsE-00022-00006305-00006532 can also set the pitch type and duration
+eNs9dKU4lsE-00023-00006533-00006788 the Gambale consists of running with and
+eNs9dKU4lsE-00024-00006789-00006923 without the ball trapping the ball
+eNs9dKU4lsE-00025-00006923-00007195 throw-ins corner kicks and goal kicks
+eNs9dKU4lsE-00026-00007195-00007456 Liverpool also includes injuries and
+eNs9dKU4lsE-00027-00007458-00007648 punishments from receiving red or yellow
+eNs9dKU4lsE-00028-00007650-00007948 cards the player can use a joystick or
+eNs9dKU4lsE-00029-00007950-00008237 keyboard to control the game the player
+eNs9dKU4lsE-00030-00008238-00008426 can play in full season mode where
+eNs9dKU4lsE-00031-00008427-00008596 matches in both the league and FA Cup
+eNs9dKU4lsE-00032-00008597-00008866 are played or an FA Cup only mode where
+eNs9dKU4lsE-00033-00008867-00009143 the cup competition alone is played the
+eNs9dKU4lsE-00034-00009144-00009320 best achievement in the game is winning
+eNs9dKU4lsE-00035-00009321-00009620 the double each version of Liverpool for
+eNs9dKU4lsE-00036-00009621-00009799 the different platforms included the
+eNs9dKU4lsE-00037-00009800-00010016 updated Liverpool FC squad from the
+eNs9dKU4lsE-00038-00010017-00010592 current season
+eNs9dKU4lsE-00039-00010593-00011107 topic reception
+eNs9dKU4lsE-00040-00011108-00011311 the different versions of Liverpool
+eNs9dKU4lsE-00041-00011312-00011587 received mixed reviews the Amstrad CPC
+eNs9dKU4lsE-00042-00011588-00011893 version received a low 9% from computer
+eNs9dKU4lsE-00043-00011894-00012181 and video games The Magazine criticized
+eNs9dKU4lsE-00044-00012182-00012478 the gameplay as sluggish and said the
+eNs9dKU4lsE-00045-00012479-00012709 controls were frustrating the Commodore
+eNs9dKU4lsE-00046-00012710-00012934 64 version was considerably different
+eNs9dKU4lsE-00047-00012935-00013224 and received 93% from Commodore force
+eNs9dKU4lsE-00048-00013225-00013516 the magazine praised the smooth controls
+eNs9dKU4lsE-00049-00013516-00013687 and artificial intelligence of the
+eNs9dKU4lsE-00050-00013688-00013993 opposition Cu amiga rated the amiga
+eNs9dKU4lsE-00051-00013994-00014313 version of liverpool 70% the review said
+eNs9dKU4lsE-00052-00014315-00014515 that the controls are sluggish and jerky
+eNs9dKU4lsE-00053-00014516-00014683 and the animations of the players are
+eNs9dKU4lsE-00054-00014684-00014977 very basic the magazine recommended the
+eNs9dKU4lsE-00055-00014978-00015157 game mainly for fans of the liverpool
+eNs9dKU4lsE-00056-00015158-00015406 football club
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00000-00000014-00000403 the Chinese People's Liberation Army PLA
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00001-00000404-00000730 is the Armed Forces of the People's
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00002-00000731-00001094 Republic of China PRC and its founding
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00003-00001095-00001394 and ruling political party the Communist
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00004-00001395-00001937 Party of China CPC the PLA consists of
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00005-00001938-00002237 five professional service branches the
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00006-00002238-00002624 ground force Navy Air Force rocket force
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00007-00002625-00003032 and the strategic support force units
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00008-00003033-00003286 around the country are assigned to one
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00009-00003288-00003604 of five theater commands by geographical
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00010-00003605-00004027 location the pla is the world's largest
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00011-00004028-00004334 military force and constitutes the
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00012-00004335-00004588 second largest defense budget in the
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00013-00004589-00004897 world it is one of the fastest
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00014-00004898-00005179 modernizing military powers in the world
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00015-00005180-00005450 and has been termed as a potential
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00016-00005451-00005743 military superpower with significant
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00017-00005744-00006041 regional defense and rising global power
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00018-00006042-00006475 projection capabilities china is also
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00019-00006476-00006748 the third largest arms exporter in the
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00020-00006750-00006900 world
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00021-00006901-00007206 the PLA is under the command of the
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00022-00007206-00007578 Central Military Commission CMC of the
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00023-00007579-00008040 CPC it is legally obliged to follow the
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00024-00008041-00008292 principle of civilian control of the
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00025-00008293-00008538 military although in practical terms
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00026-00008539-00008847 this principle has been implemented in
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00027-00008848-00009183 such a way as to ensure the PLA is under
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00028-00009184-00009441 the absolute control of the Communist
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00029-00009442-00009804 Party its commander-in-chief is the
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00030-00009805-00009948 chairman of the Central Military
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00031-00009949-00010338 Commission usually the General Secretary
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00032-00010339-00010730 of the Communist Party of China since
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00033-00010731-00011118 1949 China has used nine different
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00034-00011119-00011471 military strategies which the PLA calls
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00035-00011472-00011799 strategic guidelines the most important
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00036-00011800-00012528 came in 1956 1980 and 1993 in times of
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00037-00012529-00012813 national emergency the People's Armed
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00038-00012813-00013062 Police and the People's Liberation Army
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00039-00013063-00013356 militia act as a reserve and support
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00040-00013357-00014122 element for the pla GF
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00041-00014122-00014905 topic mission statement former CMC
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00042-00014906-00015175 chairman who Jintao had defined the
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00043-00015176-00015460 missions of the PLA as
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00044-00015461-00015775 to consolidate the ruling status of the
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00045-00015776-00015994 Communist Party
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00046-00015994-00016230 to ensure China's sovereignty
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00047-00016231-00016533 territorial integrity and domestic
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00048-00016534-00016774 security to continue national
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00049-00016775-00016939 development
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00050-00016940-00017394 to safeguard china's national interests
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00051-00017395-00018086 to help maintain world peace
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00052-00018087-00018955 topic history
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00053-00018956-00019649 topic second sino-japanese war
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00054-00019650-00019982 the People's Liberation Army was founded
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00055-00019983-00020366 on the 1st of August 1927 during the nan
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00056-00020367-00020624 Chong uprising when troops of the
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00057-00020625-00020939 Kuomintang KMT rebelled under the
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00058-00020940-00021242 leadership of Judah he long ye jianying
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00059-00021243-00021557 and Joanne Lai after the massacre of the
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00060-00021558-00021905 Communists by Chiang kai-shek they were
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00061-00021906-00022175 then known as the Chinese workers and
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00062-00022176-00022543 peasants Red Army or simply the Red Army
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00063-00022544-00023078 between 1934 and 1935 the Red Army
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00064-00023079-00023387 survived several campaigns led against
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00065-00023388-00023672 it by Chiang kai-shek and engaged in the
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00066-00023673-00024002 long march during the second
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00067-00024003-00024575 sino-japanese war from 1937 to 1945 the
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00068-00024576-00024881 communist military forces were nominally
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00069-00024882-00025069 integrated into the National
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00070-00025070-00025340 Revolutionary Army of the Republic of
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00071-00025341-00025643 China forming two main units known as
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00072-00025644-00025880 the eighth route army and the new 4th
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00073-00025881-00026297 army during this time these two military
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00074-00026298-00026555 groups primarily employed guerrilla
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00075-00026556-00026870 tactics generally avoiding large-scale
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00076-00026870-00027110 battles with the Japanese with some
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00077-00027111-00027355 exceptions while at the same time
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00078-00027356-00027611 consolidating their ground by absorbing
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00079-00027612-00027851 nationalist troops and paramilitary
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00080-00027852-00028211 forces behind Japanese lines into their
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00081-00028212-00028598 forces after the Japanese surrendered in
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00082-00028599-00028994 1945 the Communist Party merged the 8th
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00083-00028995-00029339 route army and new 4th army renaming the
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00084-00029339-00029645 new million-strong force the People's
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00085-00029645-00030032 Liberation Army they eventually won the
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00086-00030033-00030320 Chinese Civil War establishing the
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00087-00030320-00030806 People's Republic of China in 1949 the
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00088-00030807-00031181 PLA then saw a huge reorganization with
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00089-00031182-00031388 the establishment of the air force
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00090-00031389-00031730 leadership structure in November 1949
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00091-00031731-00032014 followed by the Navy leadership the
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00092-00032016-00032458 following April in 1950 the leadership
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00093-00032459-00032708 structures of the artillery armored
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00094-00032708-00033051 troops air defense troops public secured
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00095-00033052-00033348 forces and workers soldier militias were
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00096-00033349-00033690 also established the chemical warfare
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00097-00033691-00034043 Defense Forces the railroad forces the
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00098-00034044-00034289 communications forces and the strategic
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00099-00034290-00034637 forces as well as other separate forces
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00100-00034638-00034858 like engineering and construction
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00101-00034859-00035151 logistics and medical services were
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00102-00035152-00035448 established later on all these depended
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00103-00035449-00035658 on the leadership of the Communist Party
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00104-00035659-00035958 and the National People's Congress via
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00105-00035959-00036186 the Central Military Commission and
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00106-00036187-00037114 until 1975 the National Defense Council
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00107-00037115-00038068 topic 1950s 1960s and 1970s
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00108-00038069-00038491 during the 1950's the PLA with Soviet
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00109-00038492-00038770 assistance began to transform itself
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00110-00038771-00039096 from a peasant army into a modern one
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00111-00039097-00039601 since 1949 China has used nine different
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00112-00039602-00039930 military strategies which the PLA calls
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00113-00039931-00040255 strategic guidelines the most important
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00114-00040256-00040951 came in 1956 1980 and 1993 part of this
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00115-00040952-00041200 process was the reorganization that
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00116-00041201-00041797 created 13 military regions in 1955 the
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00117-00041798-00042169 PLA also contained many former national
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00118-00042170-00042460 revolutionary army units and generals
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00119-00042461-00042886 who had defected to the PLA Mahon ban
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00120-00042887-00043396 and his son Madan Jiang 1906 to 1972
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00121-00043397-00043681 were the only two Muslim generals who
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00122-00043682-00044032 led a Muslim unit the 81st Corps to ever
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00123-00044033-00044461 serve in the PLA Han yawen a salar
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00124-00044462-00044818 Muslim general also defected to the PLA
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00125-00044819-00045334 in November 1950 some units of the PLA
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00126-00045335-00045538 under the name of the people's volunteer
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00127-00045539-00045877 army intervened in the Korean War as
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00128-00045878-00046159 United Nations forces under General
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00129-00046160-00046405 Douglas MacArthur approached the Yalu
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00130-00046406-00046756 River under the weight of this offensive
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00131-00046757-00047026 Chinese forces drove MacArthur's forces
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00132-00047027-00047362 out of North Korea and captured Seoul
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00133-00047363-00047638 but were subsequently pushed back south
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00134-00047639-00047955 of Pyongyang north of the 38th parallel
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00135-00047956-00048307 the war also served as a catalyst for
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00136-00048308-00048738 the rapid modernization of the PLAAF in
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00137-00048739-00049144 1962 the PLA Ground Force also fought
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00138-00049145-00049459 India in the sino-indian war achieving
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00139-00049460-00049855 all objectives prior to the Cultural
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00140-00049856-00050155 Revolution military region commanders
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00141-00050156-00050428 tended to remain in their posts for long
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00142-00050429-00050836 periods of time as the PLA took a
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00143-00050837-00051163 stronger role in politics this began to
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00144-00051164-00051373 be seen as somewhat of a threat to the
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00145-00051374-00051457 parties
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00146-00051458-00051727 or at least civilian control of the
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00147-00051728-00052108 military the longest-serving military
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00148-00052109-00052414 region commanders were Shushi you in the
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00149-00052415-00052939 Nanjing military region 1954 274 young
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00150-00052940-00053394 desi in the jinan military region 1958
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00151-00053395-00053782 274 chen zilean in the Shenyang military
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00152-00053783-00054316 region 1959 273 and Han Shen Shu in the
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00153-00054316-00054877 Fujio military region 1960 274 the
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00154-00054878-00055108 establishment of a professional military
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00155-00055109-00055426 force equipped with modern weapons and
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00156-00055427-00055633 doctrine was the last of the four
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00157-00055634-00055924 modernizations announced by Joanne Lai
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00158-00055925-00056251 and supported by Deng Xiaoping in
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00159-00056252-00056587 keeping with Dangs mandate to reform the
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00160-00056588-00056935 PLA has demobilized millions of men and
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00161-00056936-00057304 women since 1978 and has introduced
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00162-00057304-00057541 modern methods in such areas as
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00163-00057541-00057864 recruitment and manpower strategy and
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00164-00057865-00058432 education and training in 1979 the PLA
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00165-00058433-00058741 fought Vietnam over a border skirmish in
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00166-00058741-00059053 the sino-vietnamese war where both sides
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00167-00059054-00059437 claimed victory during the sino-soviet
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00168-00059438-00059797 split strained relations between China
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00169-00059798-00060091 and the Soviet Union resulted in bloody
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00170-00060091-00060370 border clashes and mutual backing of
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00171-00060371-00060712 each other's adversaries China and
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00172-00060713-00061017 Afghanistan had neutral relations with
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00173-00061019-00061354 each other during the Kings rule when
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00174-00061354-00061657 the pro-soviet Afghan communists seized
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00175-00061658-00062110 power in Afghanistan in 1978 relations
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00176-00062111-00062419 between China and the Afghan Communists
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00177-00062420-00062749 quickly turned hostile the Afghan
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00178-00062750-00063073 pro-soviet communists supported China's
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00179-00063074-00063391 enemies in Vietnam and blamed China for
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00180-00063391-00063622 supporting Afghan anti-communist
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00181-00063623-00064029 militants China responded to the Soviet
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00182-00064030-00064327 invasion of Afghanistan by supporting
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00183-00064328-00064591 the Afghan mujahideen and ramping up
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00184-00064591-00064848 their military presence near Afghan
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00185-00064849-00065280 Stan in Xinjiang China acquired military
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00186-00065281-00065544 equipment from the United States to
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00187-00065545-00065820 defend itself from Soviet attack the
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00188-00065821-00066060 People's Liberation Army Ground Force
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00189-00066061-00066318 trained and supported the Afghan
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00190-00066319-00066596 mujahideen during the soviet-afghan war
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00191-00066597-00066861 moving its training camps for the
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00192-00066862-00067140 Mujahideen from Pakistan into China
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00193-00067141-00067479 itself hundreds of millions of dollars
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00194-00067480-00067818 worth of anti-aircraft missiles rocket
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00195-00067819-00068109 launchers and machine guns were given to
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00196-00068110-00068469 the Mujahideen by the Chinese Chinese
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00197-00068470-00068781 military advisers and army troops were
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00198-00068782-00069051 also present with the Mujahideen during
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00199-00069052-00069620 training
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00200-00069621-00070184 topic since 1980
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00201-00070185-00070643 in the 1980s China shrunk its military
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00202-00070644-00070923 considerably to free up resources for
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00203-00070924-00071217 economic development resulting in the
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00204-00071218-00071538 relative decline in resources devoted to
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00205-00071539-00071988 the PLA following the PLA suppression of
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00206-00071989-00072380 the Tiananmen Square protests of 1989
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00207-00072381-00072660 ideological correctness was temporarily
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00208-00072661-00072972 revived as the dominant theme in Chinese
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00209-00072973-00073317 military affairs reform and
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00210-00073318-00073590 modernization half today resumed their
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00211-00073591-00073953 position as the pla s primary objectives
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00212-00073954-00074199 although the Armed Forces political
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00213-00074200-00074511 loyalty to the CPC has remained a
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00214-00074512-00074919 leading concern in other area of concern
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00215-00074920-00075225 to the political leadership was the pla
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00216-00075226-00075488 s involvement in civilian economic
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00217-00075489-00075857 activities these activities were thought
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00218-00075858-00076182 to have impacted PLA readiness and has
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00219-00076183-00076446 led the political leadership to attempt
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00220-00076447-00076737 to divest the pla from its non military
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00221-00076738-00077163 business interests beginning in the
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00222-00077164-00077594 1980s the pla tried to transform itself
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00223-00077595-00077862 from a land based power centered on a
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00224-00077863-00078171 vast ground force to a smaller more
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00225-00078172-00078473 mobile high-tech one capable of mounting
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00226-00078474-00078837 operations beyond its borders the
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00227-00078838-00079101 motivation for this was that a massive
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00228-00079102-00079386 land invasion by Russia was no longer
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00229-00079387-00079629 seen as a major threat and the new
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00230-00079630-00079854 threats to China are seen to be a
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00231-00079855-00080150 declaration of independence by Taiwan
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00232-00080151-00080412 possibly with assistance from the United
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00233-00080413-00080718 States or a confrontation over the
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00234-00080719-00081182 Spratly Islands in 1985 under the
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00235-00081183-00081390 leadership of the Central Committee of
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00236-00081391-00081750 the Communist Party of China and the CMC
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00237-00081751-00082080 the PLA changed from being constantly
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00238-00082081-00082455 prepared to hit early strike hard and to
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00239-00082456-00082800 fight a nuclear war to developing the
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00240-00082801-00083135 military in an era of peace the PLA
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00241-00083136-00083454 reoriented itself to modernization
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00242-00083455-00083724 improving its fighting ability and to
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00243-00083725-00084104 become a world-class force Deng Xiaoping
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00244-00084105-00084447 stressed that the PLA needed to focus
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00245-00084448-00084776 more on quality rather than on quantity
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00246-00084777-00085065 the decision of the Chinese government
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00247-00085066-00085449 in 1985 to reduce the size of the
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00248-00085450-00085799 military by 1 million was completed by
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00249-00085800-00086229 1987 staffing and military leadership
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00250-00086230-00086628 was cut by about 50% during the ninth
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00251-00086629-00087192 five-year plan 1996 to 2000 the PLA was
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00252-00087193-00087726 reduced by a further 500,000 the PLA had
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00253-00087727-00087999 also been expected to be reduced by
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00254-00088000-00088590 another 200,000 by 2005 the PLA has
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00255-00088591-00088890 focused on increasing mechanization and
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00256-00088891-00089163 informatization so as to be able to
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00257-00089164-00089479 fight a high-intensity war
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00258-00089480-00089972 former CMC chairman Jiang Zemin in 1990
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00259-00089973-00090301 called on the military to meet political
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00260-00090302-00090643 standards be militarily competent have a
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00261-00090644-00090955 good working style adhere strictly to
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00262-00090956-00091292 discipline and provide vigorous logistic
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00263-00091293-00091766 support Chinese Jung ji hae Jae Joong XI
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00264-00091767-00092048 Guo yang shuo Feng Yue Liang ji Liu Yan
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00265-00092049-00092390 Ming bow Jang Yul opinion Zhang Zi hijae
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00266-00092391-00092557 Zhang she going
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00267-00092558-00092863 Zuo Feng Yue Liang Jia Liu Yan Ming Gao
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00268-00092864-00093400 jiong you Lee the 1991 Gulf War provided
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00269-00093401-00093637 the Chinese leadership with a stark
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00270-00093638-00093913 realization that the PLA was an
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00271-00093914-00094324 oversized almost obsolete force the
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00272-00094325-00094636 possibility of a militarized Japan has
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00273-00094637-00094922 also been a continuous concern to the
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00274-00094923-00095311 Chinese leadership since the late 1990s
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00275-00095312-00095678 in addition China's military leadership
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00276-00095679-00095972 has been reacting to and learning from
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00277-00095973-00096193 the successes and failures of the
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00278-00096194-00096469 American military during the Kosovo war
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00279-00096470-00096900 the 2001 invasion of Afghanistan the
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00280-00096901-00097190 2003 invasion of Iraq and the Iraqi
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00281-00097191-00097640 insurgency all these lessons inspired
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00282-00097641-00097967 China to transform the PLA from a
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00283-00097968-00098281 military based on quantity to one based
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00284-00098282-00098654 on quality chairman Jiang Zemin
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00285-00098655-00098942 officially made a revolution in military
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00286-00098943-00099371 affairs RM a part of the official
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00287-00099372-00099785 national military strategy in 1993 to
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00288-00099786-00100099 modernize the Chinese Armed Forces a
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00289-00100100-00100549 goal of the RMA is to transform the PLA
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00290-00100550-00100825 into a force capable of winning what it
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00291-00100826-00101159 calls local wars under high-tech
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00292-00101160-00101551 conditions rather than a massive numbers
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00293-00101552-00101875 dominated ground type war Chinese
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00294-00101876-00102136 military planners call for short
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00295-00102137-00102452 decisive campaigns limited in both their
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00296-00102453-00102667 geographic scope and their political
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00297-00102668-00102817 goals
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00298-00102818-00103153 in contrast to the past more attention
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00299-00103154-00103438 is given to reconnaissance mobility and
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00300-00103439-00103830 deep reach this new vision has shifted
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00301-00103831-00104181 resources towards the Navy and Air Force
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00302-00104182-00104607 the PLA is also actively preparing for
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00303-00104608-00105040 space warfare and cyber warfare for the
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00304-00105041-00105430 past 10 to 20 years the PLA has acquired
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00305-00105431-00105703 some advanced weapons systems from
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00306-00105704-00105952 Russia including Subramani class
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00307-00105953-00106450 destroyers Sukhoi su-27 and sukhoi su-30
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00308-00106451-00106755 aircraft and kilo class diesel-electric
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00309-00106756-00107140 submarines it has also started to
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00310-00107141-00107371 produce several new classes of
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00311-00107372-00107623 destroyers and frigates including the
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00312-00107624-00107947 Type O 5 2 D class guided missile
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00313-00107948-00108322 destroyer in addition the PLAAF has
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00314-00108323-00108628 designed its very own chengdu j-10
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00315-00108629-00108874 fighter aircraft and a new stealth
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00316-00108875-00109294 fighter the chengdu j-20 the pla
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00317-00109295-00109575 launched the new gen class nuclear
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00318-00109576-00109972 submarines on the 3rd of december 2004
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00319-00109973-00110263 capable of launching nuclear warheads
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00320-00110264-00110508 that could strike targets across the
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00321-00110509-00110770 Pacific Ocean and have two aircraft
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00322-00110771-00111124 carriers one commissioned in 2012 and a
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00323-00111125-00111684 second launched in 2017 in 2015
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00324-00111685-00112021 the pla formed new units including the
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00325-00112022-00112408 pla ground force the pla rocket force
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00326-00112408-00112765 and the pla strategic support force the
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00327-00112766-00113203 pla on the 1st of August 2017 marked the
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00328-00113204-00113478 90th anniversary since its establishment
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00329-00113479-00113794 before the big anniversary it mounted
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00330-00113795-00114031 its biggest parade yet and the first
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00331-00114032-00114328 outside of Beijing held in the Zuri hay
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00332-00114329-00114577 training base in the northern theater
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00333-00114578-00114759 command within the Inner Mongolia
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00334-00114760-00115120 autonomous region the first time it had
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00335-00115121-00115450 ever been done to mark PLA day as past
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00336-00115451-00115732 parades had already been on the 1st of
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00337-00115733-00116553 October national day of the PRC
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00338-00116554-00117189 topic peacekeeping operations
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00339-00117190-00117513 the People's Republic of China has sent
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00340-00117514-00117840 the PLA to various hotspots as part of
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00341-00117841-00118086 China's role as a prominent member of
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00342-00118087-00118473 the United Nations such units usually
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00343-00118474-00118812 include engineers and logistical units
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00344-00118813-00119085 and members of the paramilitary People's
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00345-00119086-00119334 Armed Police and have been deployed as
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00346-00119335-00119583 part of peacekeeping operations in
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00347-00119584-00119907 Lebanon the Republic of the Congo Sudan
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00348-00119908-00120282 Ivory Coast Haiti and more recently Mali
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00349-00120283-00120936 and South Sudan
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00350-00120938-00121603 topic notable events
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00351-00121604-00122223 1927 to 1950 Chinese Civil War
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00352-00122224-00122936 1937 to 1945 second sino-japanese war
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00353-00122938-00123295 1949 Yangtze incident against British
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00354-00123296-00123822 warships on the Yangtze River 1949
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00355-00123823-00124059 incorporation of Xinjiang into the
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00356-00124060-00124410 People's Republic of China
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00357-00124411-00124751 19:50 incorporation of Tibet into the
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00358-00124752-00125377 People's Republic of China 1950 to 1953
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00359-00125378-00125621 Korean War under the banner of the
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00360-00125622-00126054 Chinese people's volunteer army
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00361-00126055-00126738 1954 1955 first Taiwan Strait crisis
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00362-00126739-00127549 1955 to 1975 Nam war 1958 second Taiwan
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00363-00127550-00128131 Strait crisis at komoi and Matsu 1962
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00364-00128132-00128743 sino-indian war 1967 border skirmishes
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00365-00128744-00129306 with India 1969 sino-soviet border
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00366-00129307-00129874 conflict 1974 Battle of the Paracel
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00367-00129875-00130422 Islands with South Vietnam 1979
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00368-00130423-00130765 sino-vietnamese war
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00369-00130766-00131338 1979 to 1990 sino-vietnamese conflicts
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00370-00131339-00132048 1979 to 1990 1988 johnson's south brief
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00371-00132049-00132368 skirmish with vietnam
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00372-00132369-00132744 1989 enforcement of martial law in
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00373-00132745-00132974 Beijing during the Tiananmen Square
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00374-00132975-00133626 protests of 1989 1990 Barron Township
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00375-00133627-00134591 riot 1995 1996 3rd Taiwan Strait crisis
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00376-00134592-00135045 1997 PLA control of Hong Kong's military
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00377-00135046-00135639 defense 1999 PLA control of Macau's
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00378-00135640-00135965 military defense
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00379-00135966-00136374 2007-present UNIFIL peacekeeping
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00380-00136375-00136714 operations in lebanon
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00381-00136715-00137135 2009-present anti-piracy operations in
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00382-00137136-00137391 the Gulf of Aden
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00383-00137392-00137744 20:14 search-and-rescue efforts for
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00384-00137745-00138154 flight mh370
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00385-00138155-00138722 20:14 UN peacekeeping operations in Mali
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00386-00138723-00139044 20:14 present conflict against the
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00387-00139045-00139452 Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00388-00139453-00139834 20:15 UNMISS peacekeeping operations in
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00389-00139835-00140394 South Sudan
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00390-00140395-00141307 topic organization
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00391-00141308-00142040 topic national military command the
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00392-00142041-00142316 state military system upholds the
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00393-00142317-00142604 principle of the CPC's absolute
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00394-00142605-00142976 leadership over the armed forces the
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00395-00142977-00143189 party and the state jointly established
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00396-00143190-00143564 the CMC that carries out the task of
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00397-00143565-00143816 supreme military leadership over the
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00398-00143817-00144335 armed forces the 1954 Constitution
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00399-00144336-00144620 stated that the state president directs
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00400-00144621-00144854 the Armed Forces and made the state
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00401-00144855-00145082 president the chairman of the Defense
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00402-00145083-00145436 Commission the Defense Commission is an
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00403-00145437-00145712 advisory body and does not hold any
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00404-00145713-00146056 actual power over the Armed Forces on
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00405-00146057-00146573 the 28th of September 1954 the Central
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00406-00146574-00146866 Committee of the Chinese Communist Party
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00407-00146867-00147188 re-established the CMC as the commanding
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00408-00147189-00147614 organ of the PLA from that time onward
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00409-00147615-00147902 the current system of a joint system of
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00410-00147903-00148127 party and state leadership of the
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00411-00148128-00148490 military was established the Central
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00412-00148491-00148745 Committee of the Communist Party leads
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00413-00148746-00149105 in all military affairs the state
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00414-00149106-00149384 president directs the state military
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00415-00149385-00149624 forces and the development of the
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00416-00149625-00149900 military forces which is managed by the
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00417-00149901-00150323 State Council to ensure the absolute
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00418-00150324-00150599 leadership of the Communist Party over
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00419-00150600-00150902 the armed forces every level of party
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00420-00150903-00151117 committee in the military forces
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00421-00151118-00151412 implements the principles of democratic
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00422-00151413-00151790 centralism in addition division level
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00423-00151791-00152087 and higher units establish political
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00424-00152088-00152372 commissar Xand political organizations
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00425-00152373-00152663 ensuring that the branch organizations
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00426-00152664-00153050 are in line these systems combine the
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00427-00153051-00153328 party organization with the military
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00428-00153329-00153572 organization to achieve the party's
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00429-00153573-00153868 leadership and administrative leadership
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00430-00153869-00154202 this is seen as the key guarantee to the
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00431-00154203-00154481 absolute leadership of the party over
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00432-00154482-00154665 the military
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00433-00154666-00155145 in October 2014 the PLA daily reminded
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00434-00155146-00155400 readers of the Gucci on Congress which
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00435-00155401-00155670 stipulated the basic principle of the
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00436-00155671-00155904 party controlling the military and
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00437-00155905-00156165 called for vigilance as a foreign
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00438-00156166-00156363 hostile forces preached the
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00439-00156364-00156660 nationalization and depoliticization of
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00440-00156661-00156897 the military attempting to muddle our
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00441-00156898-00157176 minds and drag our military out from
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00442-00157177-00157833 under the party's flag
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00443-00157834-00158431 topic military leadership
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00444-00158432-00158722 the leadership by the CPC as a
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00445-00158723-00158980 fundamental principle of the Chinese
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00446-00158981-00159445 military commands system the PLA reports
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00447-00159446-00159724 not to the State Council but rather to
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00448-00159725-00160000 two central military commissions one
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00449-00160001-00160252 belonging to the state and one belonging
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00450-00160253-00160696 to the party in practice the two central
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00451-00160697-00160942 military commissions usually do not
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00452-00160943-00161185 contradict each other because their
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00453-00161186-00161566 membership is usually identical often
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00454-00161567-00161773 the only difference in membership
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00455-00161774-00162076 between the two occurs for a few months
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00456-00162077-00162331 every five years during the period
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00457-00162332-00162604 between a Party Congress when parties
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00458-00162605-00162925 CMC membership changes and the next
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00459-00162926-00163219 ensuing National People's Congress when
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00460-00163220-00163717 the state CMC changes the CMC carries
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00461-00163718-00163999 out its responsibilities as authorized
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00462-00164000-00164269 by the Constitution and national defense
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00463-00164270-00164518 law the leadership of each type of
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00464-00164519-00164767 military force as under the leadership
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00465-00164768-00165064 and management of the corresponding part
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00466-00165065-00165307 of the Central Military Commission of
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00467-00165308-00165709 the CPC Central Committee forces under
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00468-00165710-00166009 each military branch or force such as
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00469-00166010-00166285 the subordinate Forces academies and
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00470-00166286-00166549 schools scientific research and
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00471-00166550-00166831 engineering institutions and logistical
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00472-00166832-00167140 support organizations are also under the
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00473-00167141-00167521 leadership of the CMC this arrangement
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00474-00167522-00167854 has been especially useful as China over
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00475-00167855-00168109 the past several decades has moved
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00476-00168110-00168357 increasingly towards military
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00477-00168358-00168646 organizations composed of forces from
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00478-00168647-00168966 more than one military branch in
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00479-00168967-00169330 September 1982 to meet the needs of
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00480-00169331-00169531 modernization and to improve
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00481-00169532-00169810 coordination in the command of forces
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00482-00169811-00170083 including multiple service branches and
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00483-00170084-00170323 to strengthen unified command of the
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00484-00170324-00170680 military the CMC ordered the abolition
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00485-00170681-00170917 of the leadership organization of the
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00486-00170918-00171379 various military branches today the PLA
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00487-00171380-00171724 has Air Force Navy and second artillery
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00488-00171725-00171799 leader
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00489-00171800-00172340 organs in 1986 the People's Armed Forces
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00490-00172341-00172662 department except in some border regions
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00491-00172663-00172941 was placed under the joint leadership of
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00492-00172942-00173193 the PLA and the local authorities
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00493-00173194-00173553 although the local party organizations
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00494-00173554-00173811 paid close attention to the People's
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00495-00173812-00174109 Armed Forces Department as a result of
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00496-00174110-00174486 some practical problems the CMC decided
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00497-00174487-00174849 that from the 1st of April 1996 the
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00498-00174850-00175108 People's Armed Forces Department would
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00499-00175109-00175309 once again fall under the jurisdiction
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00500-00175310-00175819 of the PLA according to the Constitution
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00501-00175820-00176070 of the People's Republic of China the
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00502-00176071-00176398 CMC as composed of the following the
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00503-00176399-00176761 chairman vice chairman and members the
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00504-00176762-00176908 chairman of the Central Military
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00505-00176909-00177168 Commission has overall responsibility
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00506-00177169-00177543 for the Commission
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00507-00177544-00177798 the Central Military Commission of the
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00508-00177799-00178089 Communist Party of China and the Central
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00509-00178090-00178308 Military Commission of the People's
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00510-00178309-00178549 Republic of China
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00511-00178550-00178836 chairman
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00512-00178837-00179094 Bing also general secretary of the
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00513-00179095-00179406 Chinese Communist Party president of the
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00514-00179407-00179801 People's Republic of China vice-chairman
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00515-00179802-00180176 Air Force general Shuki Liang
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00516-00180177-00180626 general Jong yuusha members Minister of
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00517-00180627-00181029 National Defense general Wei Feng
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00518-00181030-00181359 chief of the Joint Staff General Lee zu
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00519-00181360-00181740 out young director of the political work
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00520-00181741-00182202 department admiral myeonghwa secretary
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00521-00182203-00182448 of the central committee for Discipline
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00522-00182449-00183140 Inspection general Zhang Sheng Minh
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00523-00183141-00183771 topic central military commission
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00524-00183772-00184222 in December 1982 the fifth National
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00525-00184223-00184485 People's Congress revised the state
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00526-00184486-00184720 constitution to state that the state
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00527-00184721-00184999 Central Military Commission leads all
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00528-00185000-00185320 the armed forces of the state the
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00529-00185321-00185647 chairman of the state's EMC has chosen
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00530-00185648-00185962 and removed by the full NPC while the
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00531-00185963-00186262 other members are chosen by the NPC
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00532-00186263-00186703 Standing Committee however the CMC of
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00533-00186704-00186891 the Central Committee of the Chinese
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00534-00186892-00187177 Communist Party remained the party
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00535-00187178-00187462 organization that directly commands the
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00536-00187463-00187740 military and all the other Armed Forces
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00537-00187741-00188316 in actual practice the party CMC after
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00538-00188317-00188593 consultation with the Democratic Party's
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00539-00188594-00188920 proposes the names of the state CMC
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00540-00188921-00189214 members of the NPC so that these people
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00541-00189215-00189481 after going through the legal processes
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00542-00189482-00189816 can be elected by the NPC to the state
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00543-00189817-00190191 Central Military Commission that is to
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00544-00190192-00190465 say that the CMC of the Central
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00545-00190466-00190750 Committee and the CMC of the state are
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00546-00190751-00191134 one group and one organisation however
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00547-00191135-00191466 looking at it organizationally these two
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00548-00191467-00191785 CMC s are subordinate to two different
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00549-00191786-00192058 systems the party system and the state
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00550-00192059-00192448 system therefore the Armed Forces are
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00551-00192449-00192685 under the absolute leadership of the
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00552-00192686-00192970 Communist Party and are also the Armed
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00553-00192971-00193318 Forces of the state this is a unique
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00554-00193319-00193603 joint leadership system that reflects
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00555-00193604-00193897 the origin of the PLA as the military
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00556-00193898-00194260 branch of the Communist Party it only
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00557-00194261-00194554 became the national military when the
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00558-00194555-00194766 People's Republic of China was
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00559-00194767-00195130 established in 1949
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00560-00195131-00195403 by convention the Chairman and vice
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00561-00195404-00195589 chairman of the Central Military
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00562-00195590-00195907 Commission our civilian members of the
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00563-00195908-00196165 Communist Party of China but they are
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00564-00196166-00196390 not necessarily the heads of the
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00565-00196391-00196741 civilian government both John Ziemann
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00566-00196742-00197050 and Deng Xiaoping retained the office of
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00567-00197051-00197314 Chairman even after relinquishing their
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00568-00197315-00197665 other positions all of the other members
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00569-00197666-00198061 of the CMC are uniformed active military
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00570-00198062-00198451 officials unlike other nations the
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00571-00198452-00198733 Minister of National Defense is not the
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00572-00198734-00198991 head of the military but is usually a
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00573-00198992-00199528 vice chairman of the CMC in 2012 to
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00574-00199529-00199738 attempt to reduce corruption at the
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00575-00199739-00199981 highest rungs of the leadership of the
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00576-00199982-00200245 Chinese military the Commission banned
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00577-00200246-00200500 the service of alcohol at military
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00578-00200501-00201119 receptions
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00579-00201120-00201832 topic 2016 military reforms
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00580-00201833-00202285 on the first of January 2016 the Central
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00581-00202286-00202641 Military Commission CMC released a
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00582-00202642-00202912 guideline on deepening national defense
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00583-00202913-00203225 and military reform about a month after
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00584-00203226-00203572 CMC Chairman Xi Jinping called for an
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00585-00203573-00203857 overhaul of the military administration
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00586-00203858-00204186 and command system at a key meeting on
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00587-00204187-00204757 the 11th of January 2016 the PLA created
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00588-00204758-00205048 a Joint Staff directly attached to the
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00589-00205048-00205402 Central Military Commission CMC the
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00590-00205403-00205669 highest leadership organization in the
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00591-00205669-00206029 military the previous four general
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00592-00206030-00206310 headquarters of the PLA were disbanded
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00593-00206311-00206640 and completely reformed they were
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00594-00206641-00206937 divided into 15 functional departments
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00595-00206938-00207342 instead a significant expansion from the
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00596-00207344-00207609 domain of the general office which is
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00597-00207610-00207844 now a single department within the
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00598-00207844-00208236 Central Military Commission general
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00599-00208237-00208423 office
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00600-00208425-00208764 bang Gong ting Joint Staff Department
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00601-00208765-00209086 lien hey can mo boo political work
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00602-00209087-00209269 department
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00603-00209269-00209598 Zhang Jie Gong Zuo boo logistics support
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00604-00209600-00209946 department who chin Valjean boo
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00605-00209948-00210360 equipment development department Shuang
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00606-00210361-00210571 Bay Faison boo training and
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00607-00210571-00210948 administration department Xuan Liang
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00608-00210950-00211162 Guan Lee boo national defense
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00609-00211163-00211442 mobilization department
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00610-00211444-00211713 Gua Feng dong yuan boo Discipline
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00611-00211714-00211957 Inspection Commission
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00612-00211958-00212296 Qi Liu Jian Xiao Wei yuan way politics
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00613-00212297-00212707 and legal affairs commission junk away
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00614-00212708-00212980 yuan ways Science and Technology
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00615-00212981-00213161 Commission
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00616-00213162-00213523 cash wage issue Wei yuan way office for
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00617-00213525-00213932 strategic planning jean-luc way wah ban
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00618-00213933-00214180 Gong XI office for reform and
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00619-00214181-00214455 organizational structure
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00620-00214456-00214836 guys J hey bng van Gong she office for
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00621-00214837-00215206 international military cooperation
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00622-00215207-00215524 Guo Zhi Jun XI hey Zhu Obon Gong XI
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00623-00215525-00215980 Audit Office Cheng Zhi Shu Agency for
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00624-00215981-00216290 offices administration G Guang XI Wu
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00625-00216291-00216601 Guang Li's Anjou included among the 15
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00626-00216602-00216952 departments are three Commission's the
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00627-00216953-00217279 CMC Discipline Inspection Commission is
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00628-00217280-00218027 charged with rooting out corruption
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00629-00218028-00218810 topic theater commands until 2016
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00630-00218811-00219142 China's territory was divided into seven
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00631-00219144-00219367 military regions but they were
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00632-00219367-00219686 reorganized into five theater commands
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00633-00219687-00220157 in early 2016 this reflects a change in
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00634-00220158-00220388 their concept of operations from
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00635-00220389-00220703 primarily ground oriented to mobile and
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00636-00220704-00221111 coordinated movement of all services the
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00637-00221112-00221513 five new theater commands are Eastern
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00638-00221514-00221748 theater command
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00639-00221750-00222205 Western theater command northern theater
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00640-00222206-00222771 command southern theater command central
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00641-00222773-00223087 theater command the PLA Garrison's in
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00642-00223088-00223381 Hong Kong and Macau both come under the
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00643-00223382-00223638 southern theater command
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00644-00223639-00223901 the military reforms have also
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00645-00223902-00224214 introduced a major change in the areas
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00646-00224215-00224552 of responsibilities rather than
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00647-00224553-00224787 separately commanding their own troops
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00648-00224788-00225071 service branches are now primarily
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00649-00225073-00225369 responsible for administrative tasks
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00650-00225369-00225588 like equipping and maintaining the
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00651-00225589-00225953 troops it is the theater commands now
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00652-00225954-00226215 that have the command Authority this
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00653-00226216-00226472 should in theory facilitate the
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00654-00226473-00226733 implementation of joint operations
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00655-00226734-00227078 across all service branches coordination
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00656-00227079-00227360 with civilian national security groups
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00657-00227361-00227597 such as the Ministry of Foreign Affairs
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00658-00227598-00227882 is achieved primarily by the leading
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00659-00227883-00228263 groups of the Communist Party of China
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00660-00228264-00228497 particularly important are the leading
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00661-00228498-00228803 groups on Foreign Affairs which include
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00662-00228804-00229532 those dealing with Taiwan
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00663-00229533-00230107 topic service branches
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00664-00230108-00230531 the PLA encompasses five main service
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00665-00230532-00230864 branches the ground force the Navy the
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00666-00230865-00231125 Air Force the rocket force and the
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00667-00231126-00231535 strategic support force following the
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00668-00231536-00231850 200,000 through production announced in
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00669-00231851-00232238 2003 the total strength of the PLA has
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00670-00232239-00232601 been reduced from 2.5 million to just
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00671-00232602-00232955 under two points three million further
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00672-00232956-00233234 reforms will see an additional three
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00673-00233235-00233477 hundred thousand personnel reduction
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00674-00233478-00233773 from its current strength of 2.2 eight
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00675-00233775-00234137 million personnel the reductions will
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00676-00234138-00234404 come mainly from non-combat ground
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00677-00234405-00234719 forces which will allow more funds to be
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00678-00234719-00235007 diverted to naval air and strategic
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00679-00235008-00235146 missile forces
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00680-00235148-00235475 this shows China's shift from ground
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00681-00235476-00235802 force prioritization to emphasizing air
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00682-00235803-00236032 and naval power with high-tech equipment
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00683-00236033-00236363 for offensive roles over disputed
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00684-00236364-00236696 coastal territories in recent years the
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00685-00236696-00237005 PLA has paid close attention to the
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00686-00237006-00237265 performance of US forces in Afghanistan
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00687-00237266-00237689 and Iraq as well as learning from the
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00688-00237690-00237919 success of the US military in
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00689-00237921-00238309 network-centric warfare joint operations
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00690-00238310-00238481 c4isr
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00691-00238482-00238841 and high-tech weaponry the PLA is also
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00692-00238842-00239090 studying unconventional tactics that
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00693-00239091-00239300 could be used to exploit the
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00694-00239301-00239482 vulnerabilities of a more
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00695-00239483-00239855 technologically advanced enemy this has
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00696-00239856-00240073 been reflected in the two parallel
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00697-00240075-00240392 guidelines for the PLA ground forces
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00698-00240392-00240719 development while speeding up the
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00699-00240719-00241010 process of introducing new technology
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00700-00241011-00241283 into the force and retiring the older
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00701-00241284-00241610 equipment the PLA has also placed an
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00702-00241611-00241915 emphasis on asymmetric warfare including
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00703-00241916-00242180 exploring new methods of using existing
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00704-00242181-00242507 equipment to defeat a technologically
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00705-00242508-00242740 superior enemy
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00706-00242741-00243037 in addition to the four main service
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00707-00243038-00243374 branches the PLA is supported by two
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00708-00243375-00243688 paramilitary organizations the People's
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00709-00243689-00243973 Armed Police including the China Coast
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00710-00243973-00244209 Guard and the militia including the
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00711-00244210-00244844 maritime militia
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00712-00244844-00245392 topic Ground Force
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00713-00245392-00245881 the PLA has a ground force with 975
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00714-00245882-00246211 thousand personnel about half of the PLA
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00715-00246212-00246561 s total manpower of around 2 million the
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00716-00246562-00246907 ground forces are divided among the five
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00717-00246908-00247296 theater commands as named above in times
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00718-00247298-00247639 of crisis the PLA ground force will be
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00719-00247640-00247900 reinforced by numerous reserve and
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00720-00247901-00248367 paramilitary units the PLA GF Reserve
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00721-00248369-00248713 Component has about 510 thousand
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00722-00248714-00249028 personnel divided into 30 infantry and
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00723-00249029-00249355 12 anti-aircraft artillery triple-a
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00724-00249356-00249811 divisions in recent years two amphibious
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00725-00249812-00250048 mechanized divisions were also
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00726-00250048-00250363 established in Nanjing and Guangzhou mr.
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00727-00250364-00250801 at least 40% of PLA divisions and
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00728-00250802-00251065 brigades are now mechanized or armored
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00729-00251066-00251492 almost double the percentage before 2015
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00730-00251494-00251866 while much of the pla ground force was
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00731-00251867-00252144 being reduced over the past few years
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00732-00252144-00252423 technology intensive elements such as
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00733-00252425-00252817 special operations forces sof army
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00734-00252817-00253144 aviation surface-to-air missiles Sam's
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00735-00253144-00253450 and electronic warfare units have all
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00736-00253451-00253788 been rapidly expanded the latest
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00737-00253789-00254089 operational doctrine of the PLA ground
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00738-00254090-00254350 forces highlights the importance of
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00739-00254351-00254653 information technology electronic and
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00740-00254654-00254905 information warfare and long-range
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00741-00254906-00255304 precision strikes in future warfare the
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00742-00255305-00255616 older generation telephone radio based
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00743-00255617-00256027 command control and communications c3
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00744-00256028-00256282 systems are being replaced by an
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00745-00256283-00256525 integrated battlefield information
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00746-00256526-00256804 networks featuring local wide area
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00747-00256805-00257085 networks LAN one satellite
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00748-00257086-00257383 communications unmanned aerial vehicle
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00749-00257384-00257632 UAV based surveillance and
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00750-00257633-00257848 reconnaissance systems and mobile
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00751-00257848-00258144 command and control centers on the 1st
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00752-00258146-00258494 of January 2016 as part of military
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00753-00258496-00258781 reforms China created four
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00754-00258782-00259051 first time a separate headquarters for
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00755-00259052-00259230 the ground forces
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00756-00259231-00259540 China's ground forces have never had
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00757-00259541-00259764 their own headquarters until now
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00758-00259765-00260034 previously the People's Liberation
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00759-00260035-00260383 Army's for general departments served as
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00760-00260384-00260608 the de facto Army Headquarters
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00761-00260609-00260836 functioning together as the equivalent
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00762-00260837-00261139 of a Joint Staff to which the Navy Air
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00763-00261140-00261444 Force and the newly renamed rocket force
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00764-00261446-00261819 would report the commander of the PLA
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00765-00261821-00262240 ground force as Han Weiguo the political
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00766-00262241-00262874 commissar as Lulay
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00767-00262875-00263693 topic Navy until the early 1990s the
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00768-00263694-00263981 Navy performed a subordinate role to the
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00769-00263982-00264404 pla land forces since then it has
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00770-00264405-00264790 undergone rapid modernization the
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00771-00264791-00265145 240,000 strong People's Liberation Army
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00772-00265146-00265481 Navy plan is organized into three major
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00773-00265482-00265793 fleets the north sea fleet headquartered
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00774-00265794-00266015 at qingdao the east sea fleet
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00775-00266016-00266258 headquartered at Ningbo and the south
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00776-00266259-00266554 sea fleet headquartered in johnsy on
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00777-00266555-00266873 each fleet consists of a number of
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00778-00266874-00267230 surface ship submarine naval air force
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00779-00267231-00267563 coastal defense and marine units the
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00780-00267564-00267923 navy includes a 15,000 strong marine
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00781-00267924-00268282 corps organized into two brigades at
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00782-00268283-00268628 26,000 strong naval aviation force
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00783-00268629-00268874 operating several hundred attack
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00784-00268875-00269212 helicopters and fixed-wing aircraft as
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00785-00269213-00269563 part of its overall program of naval
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00786-00269564-00269828 modernization the plan is in the stage
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00787-00269829-00270163 of developing of blue water Navy in
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00788-00270164-00270563 November 2012 then president who Jintao
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00789-00270564-00270872 reported to the Chinese Communist Party
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00790-00270873-00271142 Congress his desire to enhance our
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00791-00271143-00271445 capacity for exploiting marine resource
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00792-00271446-00271757 and build China into a strong maritime
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00793-00271758-00272333 power
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00794-00272334-00272823 topic air force
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00795-00272824-00273306 the 395,000 strong People's Liberation
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00796-00273307-00273662 Army Air Force is organized into five
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00797-00273663-00274139 Theatre Command Air Forces TCAF and 24
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00798-00274140-00274531 air divisions the largest operational
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00799-00274532-00274831 units within the aviation Corps as the
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00800-00274832-00275141 air division which has two to three a VA
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00801-00275142-00275438 ssin regiments each with 20 to 36
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00802-00275439-00275870 aircraft the surface-to-air missile Sam
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00803-00275871-00276178 Corps is organized into Sam divisions
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00804-00276179-00276526 and brigades there are also three
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00805-00276527-00276844 Airborne Division's manned by the PLAAF
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00806-00276845-00277303 jxx and xxj our names applied by Western
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00807-00277304-00277562 intelligence agencies to describe
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00808-00277563-00277838 programs by the People's Republic of
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00809-00277839-00278059 China to develop one or more
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00810-00278060-00278831 fifth-generation fighter aircraft
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00811-00278832-00279347 topic rocket force
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00812-00279348-00279713 the 100,000 strong People's Liberation
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00813-00279714-00280181 Army rocket force PLA RF is the main
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00814-00280182-00280574 strategic missile force of the PLA it
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00815-00280575-00280859 controls China's nuclear and
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00816-00280860-00281193 conventional strategic missiles China's
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00817-00281194-00281541 total nuclear arsenal size is estimated
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00818-00281542-00281933 to be between 100 and 400 thermo nuclear
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00819-00281934-00282484 weapons the PLA RF has approximately
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00820-00282485-00282795 100,000 personnel and six ballistic
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00821-00282796-00283208 missile divisions missile core bases the
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00822-00283209-00283488 six divisions are independently deployed
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00823-00283489-00283746 in different theater commands and have a
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00824-00283747-00284585 total of 15 to 20 missile brigades
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00825-00284586-00285359 topic strategic support force founded on
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00826-00285360-00285768 December 31st 2015 as part of the first
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00827-00285769-00286103 wave of reforms of the PLA the People's
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00828-00286104-00286421 Liberation Army strategic support force
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00829-00286422-00286826 is the newest branch of the PLA it is
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00830-00286827-00287238 strength of 175,000 initial
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00831-00287239-00287490 announcements regarding the strategic
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00832-00287491-00287747 support force did not provide much
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00833-00287748-00288042 detail but jung-hyun of the Chinese
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00834-00288043-00288326 Ministry of Defence described it as a
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00835-00288327-00288682 combination of all support forces
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00836-00288683-00288977 additionally commentators speculate that
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00837-00288978-00289253 it will include high-tech operations
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00838-00289254-00289598 forces such as space cyberspace and
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00839-00289599-00289909 electronic warfare operations units
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00840-00289910-00290147 independent of other branches of the
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00841-00290148-00290621 military another expert Ian Jo said that
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00842-00290622-00290933 the major mission of the PLA strategic
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00843-00290934-00291197 support force is to give support to the
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00844-00291198-00291521 combat operations so that the PLA can
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00845-00291522-00291768 gain regional advantages in the
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00846-00291769-00292169 astronautic war space war network war an
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00847-00292170-00292427 electromagnetic space war and ensure
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00848-00292428-00293120 smooth operations
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00849-00293121-00293883 topic conscription and terms of service
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00850-00293884-00294191 technically military service with the
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00851-00294192-00294497 PLA is obligatory for all Chinese
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00852-00294498-00294917 citizens in practice mandatory military
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00853-00294918-00295257 service has not been implemented since
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00854-00295258-00295646 1949 as the People's Liberation Army has
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00855-00295647-00295906 been able to recruit sufficient numbers
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00856-00295907-00296359 voluntarily all 18 year old males have
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00857-00296360-00296560 to register themselves with the
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00858-00296561-00296816 government authorities in a way similar
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00859-00296817-00297092 to the Selective Service System of the
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00860-00297093-00297508 United States in practice registering
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00861-00297509-00297784 does not mean that the person doing so
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00862-00297785-00298040 must join the People's Liberation Army
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00863-00298041-00298391 article 55 of the Constitution of the
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00864-00298392-00298672 People's Republic of China prescribes
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00865-00298673-00299000 conscription by stating it is a sacred
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00866-00299001-00299273 duty of every citizen of the People's
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00867-00299274-00299434 Republic of China
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00868-00299435-00299707 to defend his or her motherland and
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00869-00299708-00300070 resist invasion it is an honored
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00870-00300071-00300326 obligation of the citizens of the
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00871-00300327-00300628 People's Republic of China to perform
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00872-00300629-00300914 military service and to join the militia
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00873-00300915-00301143 forces
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00874-00301144-00301539 the 1984 military service loss spells
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00875-00301540-00301790 out the legal basis of conscription
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00876-00301791-00302094 describing military service as a duty
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00877-00302095-00302442 for all citizens without distinction of
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00878-00302443-00302675 race
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00879-00302676-00303086 and religious screed this law has not
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00880-00303087-00303394 been amended since it came into effect
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00881-00303395-00303797 technically those 18 to 22 years of age
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00882-00303798-00304034 enter selective compulsory military
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00883-00304035-00304339 service with a 24 month service
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00884-00304340-00304730 obligation in reality numbers of
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00885-00304731-00304946 registering personals are enough to
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00886-00304947-00305246 support all military posts in China
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00887-00305247-00305548 creating so-called volunteer
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00888-00305549-00305876 conscription greater than residents of
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00889-00305877-00306152 the special administrative regions Hong
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00890-00306153-00306455 Kong and Macau are exempted from joining
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00891-00306456-00307091 the military
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00892-00307092-00308089 topic military intelligence
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00893-00308090-00308709 topic joint staff Department
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00894-00308710-00309013 the Joint Staff Department carries out
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00895-00309014-00309306 staff and operational functions for the
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00896-00309307-00309640 PLA and had major responsibility for
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00897-00309641-00309846 implementing military modernization
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00898-00309847-00310254 plans headed by chief of general staff
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00899-00310255-00310494 the department serves as the
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00900-00310495-00310785 headquarters for the entire PLA and
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00901-00310786-00311004 contained directorates for the five
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00902-00311005-00311344 armed services ground forces Air Force
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00903-00311345-00311756 Navy strategic force and support forces
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00904-00311757-00312091 the Joint Staff Department included
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00905-00312092-00312313 functionally organized sub departments
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00906-00312314-00312698 for artillery armoured units engineering
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00907-00312699-00313022 operations training intelligence
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00908-00313023-00313362 mobilization surveying communications
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00909-00313363-00313827 quartermaster services and politics Navy
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00910-00313828-00314092 headquarters controlled the north sea
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00911-00314093-00314418 fleet East Sea Fleet and South Sea Fleet
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00912-00314419-00314740 Air Force Headquarters generally
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00913-00314741-00315013 exercised control through the commanders
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00914-00315014-00315372 of the five theater commands nuclear
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00915-00315373-00315660 forces were directly subordinate to the
+eNXBp2p3TTy-00916-00315661-00315876 Joint Staff Department through the
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+eNXBp2p3TTy-00949-00325385-00325612 department under the political work
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+eNXBp2p3TTy-00961-00328700-00328882 Department of the Joint Staff
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+eNXBp2p3TTy-00996-00338260-00338495 environment to serve the cause of
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+eNXBp2p3TTy-01004-00340308-00340571 understanding of the close relationship
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+eNXBp2p3TTy-01010-00341757-00342189 politics on the other the United States
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+eNXBp2p3TTy-01015-00343433-00343805 ideological fronts the response must
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+eNXBp2p3TTy-01018-00344355-00344763 intelligence gathering consolidating
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+eNXBp2p3TTy-01024-00346138-00346510 struggle and advanced technologies
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+eNXBp2p3TTy-01028-00347246-00347589 ports Hong Kong and Macau
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+eNXBp2p3TTy-01048-00353856-00354101 intelligence data and disseminates
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+eNXBp2p3TTy-01063-00358023-00358268 following the example of Russian
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+eNXBp2p3TTy-01074-00361257-00361679 to units at the division level the PLA
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01075-00361680-00361982 Institute of International Relations at
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+eNXBp2p3TTy-01139-00380255-00380431 information in the special
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+eNXBp2p3TTy-01141-00380730-00381155 Macau and also in Taiwan agents are
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+eNXBp2p3TTy-01144-00381684-00381901 to gain cover
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+eNXBp2p3TTy-01153-00384499-00384967 tasks finding out and keeping abreast of
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+eNXBp2p3TTy-01155-00385214-00385471 the Hong Kong and Macau governments as
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01156-00385472-00385732 well as their views on major issues
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01157-00385733-00385990 through social contact with them and
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01158-00385991-00386331 through information provided by them
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01159-00386332-00386620 keeping abreast of the developments of
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+eNXBp2p3TTy-01161-00386915-00387160 Hong Kong as well as of foreign
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01162-00387161-00387406 financial industrial and commercial
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01163-00387407-00387671 organizations
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01164-00387672-00387985 finding out and having a good grasp of
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01165-00387986-00388234 the local media's sources of information
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01166-00388235-00388624 on political military economic and other
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01167-00388625-00388841 developments on the mainland and
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01168-00388842-00389131 deliberately releasing false political
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+eNXBp2p3TTy-01170-00389432-00389738 test the outside response the autumn
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01171-00389739-00390085 orchid Intelligence group was awarded a
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+eNXBp2p3TTy-01173-00390390-00390875 December 1994 it was further awarded
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01174-00390876-00391190 another citation for merit second class
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+eNXBp2p3TTy-01177-00392079-00392489 New Year celebration CCTV held her
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01178-00392490-00392768 Chinese diplomatic establishments the
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01179-00392769-00392975 head of the second department of the
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01180-00392976-00393215 joint headquarters was revealed for the
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01181-00393216-00393464 first time to the public the current
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01182-00393465-00394243 head was major-general young way young
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01183-00394244-00394771 topic third department
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01184-00394772-00395053 the third Department of the Joint Staff
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01185-00395054-00395331 Department is responsible for monitoring
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01186-00395332-00395629 the telecommunications of foreign armies
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01187-00395630-00395875 and producing finished intelligence
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01188-00395876-00396124 based on the military information
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01189-00396125-00396318 collected
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01190-00396319-00396609 the communications stations established
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01191-00396610-00396837 by the third Department of the Joint
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01192-00396838-00397098 Staff headquarters are not subject to
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01193-00397099-00397317 the jurisdiction of the provincial
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01194-00397318-00397593 Military District and the major theater
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01195-00397594-00397907 command of where they are based the
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01196-00397908-00398208 communications stations are entirely the
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01197-00398209-00398451 agencies of the third Department of the
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01198-00398452-00398723 Joint Staff headquarters which have no
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01199-00398724-00399009 affiliations to the provincial Military
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01200-00399010-00399255 District and the Military Region of
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01201-00399256-00399555 where they are based the personnel
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01202-00399556-00399876 composition budgets and establishment of
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01203-00399877-00400110 these communications stations are
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01204-00400111-00400359 entirely under the jurisdiction of the
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01205-00400360-00400614 third Department of the general PLA
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01206-00400615-00400896 general staff headquarters and are not
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01207-00400897-00401328 related at all with local troops China
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01208-00401329-00401610 maintains the most extensive SIGINT
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01209-00401611-00401817 network of all the countries in the
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01210-00401818-00402312 asia-pacific region as of the late 1990s
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01211-00402313-00402618 Sigyn systems included several dozen
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01212-00402619-00402954 ground stations half a dozen ships truck
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01213-00402955-00403280 mounted systems and airborne systems
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01214-00403281-00403599 third Department headquarters as in the
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01215-00403600-00403893 vicinity of the GSD first department
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01216-00403894-00404238 operations department Em's and ndu
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01217-00404239-00404505 complex in the hills northwest of the
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01218-00404506-00404949 summer palace as of the late 1990s the
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01219-00404950-00405215 third department was allegedly manned by
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01220-00405216-00405552 approximately 20,000 personnel with most
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01221-00405553-00405768 of their linguists trained at the lo
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01222-00405769-00406067 young Institute of foreign languages
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01223-00406068-00406494 ever since the 1950s the second and
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01224-00406495-00406722 third departments of the Joint Staff
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01225-00406723-00406977 headquarters have established a number
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01226-00406978-00407253 of institutions of secondary and higher
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01227-00407254-00407589 learning for bringing up special talents
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01228-00407590-00407991 the PLA Foreign Language Institute at lo
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01229-00407992-00408237 young comes under the third Department
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01230-00408238-00408477 of the Joint Staff Department and is
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01231-00408478-00408708 responsible for training foreign
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01232-00408709-00408957 language officers for the monitoring of
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01233-00408958-00409238 foreign military intelligence
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01234-00409239-00409710 the Institute was formed from the PLA
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01235-00409711-00410110 793 Foreign Language Institute which
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01236-00410111-00410368 moved from John Jaco after the Cultural
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01237-00410369-00410620 Revolution and split into two
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01238-00410621-00410947 institutions at lo young and Nanjing
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01239-00410947-00411230 though the distribution order they
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01240-00411231-00411539 received upon graduation indicated the
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01241-00411539-00411922 joint staff headquarters many of the
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01242-00411923-00412141 graduates of these schools found
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01243-00412142-00412418 themselves being sent to all parts of
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01244-00412418-00412649 the country including remote and
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01245-00412650-00413045 uninhabited backward mountain areas the
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01246-00413046-00413245 reason is that the monitoring and
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01247-00413246-00413474 control stations under the third
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01248-00413475-00413749 Department of the PLA general staff
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01249-00413750-00413974 headquarters are scattered in every
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01250-00413975-00414241 corner of the country
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01251-00414242-00414543 the communications stations located in
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01252-00414545-00414843 the Schengen base of the PLA Hong Kong
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01253-00414845-00415234 garrison started their work long ago in
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01254-00415235-00415543 normal times these two communications
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01255-00415543-00415837 stations report directly to the Central
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01256-00415838-00416089 Military Commission and the Joint Staff
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01257-00416089-00416472 headquarters units responsible for
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01258-00416474-00416707 coordination are the communications
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01259-00416708-00416952 stations established in the garrison
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01260-00416953-00417256 provinces of the military regions by the
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01261-00417257-00417535 third Department of the PLA General
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01262-00417535-00417793 Staff headquarters
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01263-00417794-00418107 by taking direct command of military
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01264-00418108-00418378 communications stations based in all
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01265-00418379-00418678 parts of the country the CPC Central
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01266-00418679-00418955 Military Commission and the Joint Staff
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01267-00418956-00419207 headquarters can not only ensure a
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01268-00419208-00419524 successful interception of enemy radio
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01269-00419525-00419807 communications but can also make sure
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01270-00419808-00420045 that none of the wire or wireless
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01271-00420046-00420322 communications and contacts among major
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01272-00420323-00420589 military regions can escape the
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01273-00420591-00420803 detection of these communications
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01274-00420804-00421093 stations thus effectively attaining the
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01275-00421094-00421355 goal of imposing a direct supervision
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01276-00421356-00421652 and control over all major military
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01277-00421653-00421904 regions all provincial military
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01278-00421905-00422608 districts and all group armies
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01279-00422609-00423183 topic monitoring stations
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01280-00423184-00423478 China's main SIGINT effort as in the
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01281-00423479-00423693 third Department of the Joint Staff
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01282-00423694-00423889 Department of the Central Military
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01283-00423889-00424191 Commission with additional capabilities
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01284-00424192-00424474 primarily domestic in the Ministry of
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01285-00424475-00424924 State Security MSS Sigyn stations
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01286-00424925-00425139 therefore are scattered through the
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01287-00425140-00425356 country for domestic as well as
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01288-00425357-00425737 international interception professor
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01289-00425738-00426006 Desmond ball of the Australian National
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01290-00426007-00426322 University described the largest
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01291-00426322-00426520 stations as the main technical
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01292-00426521-00426622 department
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01293-00426622-00426858 Sigyn net control station on the
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01294-00426859-00427126 northwest outskirts of Beijing and the
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01295-00427127-00427431 large complex near Lake King ethu in the
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01296-00427432-00427787 extreme northeast corner of China as
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01297-00427788-00428125 opposed to other major powers China
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01298-00428126-00428416 focuses its SIGINT activities on its
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01299-00428417-00428776 region rather than the world ball wrote
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01300-00428777-00429118 in the 80s that China had several dozen
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01301-00429118-00429420 Sigyn stations aimed at Russia Japan
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01302-00429421-00429810 Taiwan Southeast Asia and India as well
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01303-00429811-00430183 as internally of the stations apparently
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01304-00430184-00430420 targeting Russia there are sites at
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01305-00430421-00430687 jillee mu 2 and g xi in the northeast
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01306-00430688-00430924 and at early inand hami near the
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01307-00430925-00431350 mongolian border to russian facing sites
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01308-00431351-00431658 in Xinjiang at khatai and corrala may be
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01309-00431659-00431977 operated jointly with resources from the
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01310-00431978-00432322 US CIA's office of SIGINT operations
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01311-00432322-00432581 probably focused on missile and space
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01312-00432582-00432987 activity other stations aimed at South
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01313-00432988-00433228 and Southeast Asia are on a net
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01314-00433229-00433635 controlled by Chengdu Sichuan there is a
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01315-00433636-00433837 large facility at day.i
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01316-00433838-00434251 and according to ball numerous small
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01317-00434252-00434568 posts along the Indian border other
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01318-00434568-00434866 significant facilities are located near
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01319-00434867-00435183 Shenyang near jinan and in Nanjing and
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01320-00435184-00435562 Shanghai additional stations are in the
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01321-00435563-00435870 Fujian and Guangdong military districts
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01322-00435871-00436096 opposite Taiwan
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01323-00436097-00436438 on Hainan Island near Vietnam there is a
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01324-00436439-00436738 naval SIGINT facility that monitors the
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01325-00436739-00436996 South China Sea and a ground station
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01326-00436997-00437352 targeting US and Russian satellites
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01327-00437353-00437667 China also has ship and aircraft
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01328-00437668-00437962 platforms in this area under the South
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01329-00437963-00438222 Sea Fleet headquarters at John Zeon
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01330-00438224-00438497 immediately north of the island
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01331-00438499-00438871 targeting here seems to have an e Li NT
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01332-00438872-00439204 as well as comint flavor
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01333-00439205-00439531 there are also truck mounted mobile
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01334-00439532-00439852 ground systems as well as ship aircraft
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01335-00439853-00440235 and limited satellite capability there
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01336-00440237-00440478 are at least 10 intelligence-gathering
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01337-00440479-00440776 auxiliary vessels
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01338-00440777-00441109 as of the late 90s the Chinese did not
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01339-00441110-00441334 appear to be trying to monitor the
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01340-00441335-00441597 United States Pacific Command to the
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01341-00441599-00441967 same extent as does Russia in future
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01342-00441968-00442285 this had depended in part on the status
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01343-00442285-00442860 of Taiwan
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01344-00442861-00443400 topic fourth department
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01345-00443401-00443757 the fourth department ECM and radar of
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01346-00443758-00443972 the Joint Staff headquarters Department
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01347-00443973-00444399 has the electronic intelligence il int
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01348-00444400-00444710 portfolio within the PLA SIGINT
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01349-00444712-00445041 apparatus this department is responsible
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01350-00445042-00445385 for electronic countermeasures requiring
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01351-00445387-00445647 them to collect and maintain databases
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01352-00445647-00446205 on electronic signals 25e Li NT
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01353-00446206-00446466 receivers are the responsibility of the
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01354-00446467-00446727 Southwest Institute of electronic
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01355-00446728-00447228 equipment SWI EEE among the wide range
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01356-00447229-00447750 of SWI EEE l int products as a new KZ
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01357-00447751-00448380 900 airborne l int pod the GSD 54th
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01358-00448381-00448689 Research Institute supports the ECM
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01359-00448689-00448992 department in development of digital l
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01360-00448993-00449307 int signal processors to analyze
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01361-00449308-00450048 parameters of radar pulses
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01362-00450049-00450656 topic liaison department
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01363-00450657-00450872 though political worked
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01364-00450872-00451178 and maintains the CPC structure that
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01365-00451179-00451595 exists at every level of the PLA it is
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01366-00451596-00451883 responsible for overseeing the political
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01367-00451884-00452192 education indoctrination and discipline
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01368-00452193-00452429 that is a prerequisite for advancement
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01369-00452430-00452930 within the PLA the PWD controls the
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01370-00452931-00453335 internal prison system of the PLA the
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01371-00453335-00453614 international liaison department of the
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01372-00453614-00453863 political work department as publicly
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01373-00453864-00454217 known as the China Association for
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01374-00454218-00454604 international friendly contacts the
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01375-00454605-00454843 department prepares political and
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01376-00454845-00455105 economic information for the reference
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01377-00455106-00455453 of the political bureau the department
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01378-00455454-00455759 conducts ideological and political work
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01379-00455760-00456050 on foreign armies explaining China's
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01380-00456051-00456353 policies and disintegrate enemy armies
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01381-00456354-00456685 by dampening their morale it is also
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01382-00456687-00456980 tasked with instigating rebellions and
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01383-00456981-00457268 disloyalty within the Taiwan military
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01384-00457268-00457712 and other foreign militaries the liaison
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01385-00457713-00457960 office has dispatched agents to
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01386-00457962-00458270 infiltrate Chinese funded companies and
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01387-00458271-00458657 private institutions in Hong Kong their
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01388-00458658-00458868 mission as counterespionage
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01389-00458870-00459097 monitoring their own agents and
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01390-00459098-00459317 preventing and detecting foreign
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01391-00459318-00459610 intelligence services buying off Chinese
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01392-00459612-00460195 personnel
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01393-00460196-00460779 topic Special Forces
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01394-00460780-00461104 China's special ground force is called
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01395-00461105-00461514 PLA SF People's Liberation Army Special
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01396-00461515-00461895 Operations Forces it includes highly
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01397-00461896-00462193 trained soldiers a team of commander
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01398-00462193-00462499 assistant commander sniper spotter
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01399-00462500-00462835 machine gun supporter bomber and a pair
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01400-00462835-00463118 of assault group China's
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01401-00463119-00463381 counter-terrorist unit is drawn from the
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01402-00463382-00463662 police force rather than the military
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01403-00463663-00464032 the name changes frequently but as of
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01404-00464033-00464220 this writing it is known as the
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01405-00464221-00464680 immediate action unit IAE the Chinese
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01406-00464681-00464980 army fields large number of Special
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01407-00464981-00465220 Operations groups and would appear to
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01408-00465221-00465502 have a vast pool of manpower to choose
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01409-00465503-00465887 from however it is believed that any
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01410-00465888-00466156 significant terrorist activity within
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01411-00466157-00466399 Chinese borders would draw the attention
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01412-00466400-00466689 of the IAU
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01413-00466690-00467008 China has reportedly developed a force
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01414-00467009-00467275 capable of carrying out long-range
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01415-00467276-00467551 airborne operations long-range
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01416-00467552-00467934 reconnaissance and amphibious operations
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01417-00467935-00468262 formed in China's Guangzhou military
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01418-00468263-00468559 region and known by the nickname sword
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01419-00468560-00468904 of southern China the force supposedly
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01420-00468905-00469170 receives Army Air Force and naval
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01421-00469171-00469447 training including flight training and
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01422-00469447-00469753 is equipped with hundreds of high-tech
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01423-00469754-00470139 devices including global positioning
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01424-00470140-00470470 satellite systems all of the forces
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01425-00470471-00470758 officers have completed military Staff
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01426-00470759-00471072 colleges and 60% are said to have
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01427-00471073-00471489 university degrees soldiers are reported
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01428-00471490-00471681 to be cross trained in various
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01429-00471682-00471966 specialties and training is supposed to
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01430-00471967-00472212 encompass a range of operational
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01431-00472213-00472555 environments it is far from clear
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01432-00472556-00472764 whether this unit is considered
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01433-00472765-00473139 operational by the Chinese it is also
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01434-00473140-00473425 not clear how such a force would be
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01435-00473426-00473766 employed among the missions mentioned
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01436-00473767-00474100 were responding to contingencies in
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01437-00474101-00474550 various regions and cooperating with
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01438-00474551-00474939 other services in attacks on islands
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01439-00474939-00475228 according to the limited reporting the
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01440-00475229-00475507 organization appears to be in a phase of
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01441-00475508-00475714 testing and development and may
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01442-00475714-00476110 constitute an experimental unit while no
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01443-00476110-00476374 size for the force has been revealed
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01444-00476375-00476614 there have been Chinese media claims
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01445-00476614-00477012 that over 4,000 soldiers of the force
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01446-00477013-00477291 are all-weather and versatile fighters
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01447-00477292-00477570 and parachutists who can fly airplanes
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01448-00477571-00478539 and drive auto vehicles and motor boats
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01449-00478539-00479220 topic sea-based nuclear weapons
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01450-00479221-00479529 the Chinese Navy has developed type
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01451-00479530-00479843 onine for ballistic missile submarine
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01452-00479843-00480153 open-source satellite imagery has shown
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01453-00480154-00480363 that at least four of these have been
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01454-00480364-00480717 completed this submarine will be capable
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01455-00480718-00481077 of carrying 12 of the longer-range jl2
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01456-00481078-00481530 with a range of approximately 7500
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01457-00481531-00481935 kilometers China is also developing the
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01458-00481935-00482310 more advanced type o 9:6 submarine able
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01459-00482310-00482679 to carry up to 24 jl 3 ballistic
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01460-00482680-00483117 missiles each the PRC as interested in
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01461-00483118-00483570 augmenting its ICBM forces with SSBNs to
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01462-00483571-00483813 enhance its comprehensive nuclear
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01463-00483814-00484167 deterrent force nuclear deterrent
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01464-00484168-00484958 patrols commenced in December 2015
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01465-00484959-00485514 topic other branches
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01466-00485515-00485757 the third department and the Navy
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01467-00485758-00486039 cooperate on shipboard intelligence
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01468-00486040-00486309 collection platforms
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01469-00486310-00486600 laughs sixth Research Institute air
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01470-00486601-00486885 force SIGINT collection as managed by
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01471-00486885-00487149 the PLAAF vi Research Institute in
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01472-00487150-00487744 Beijing
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01473-00487745-00488381 topic weapons and equipment
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01474-00488382-00488656 according to the United States Defense
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01475-00488657-00488956 Department China as developing kinetic
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01476-00488957-00489214 energy weapons high-powered lasers
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01477-00489215-00489541 high-powered microwave weapons particle
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01478-00489542-00489827 beam weapons and electromagnetic pulse
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01479-00489828-00490091 weapons with its increase of military
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01480-00490092-00490418 fundings the PLA has said of reports
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01481-00490418-00490685 that its modernization as dependent on
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01482-00490685-00490945 sales of advanced technology from
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01483-00490946-00491089 American allies
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01484-00491090-00491402 some people have politicized China's
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01485-00491403-00491689 normal commercial cooperation with
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01486-00491690-00491939 foreign countries smearing our
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01487-00491939-00492380 reputation these contributions include
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01488-00492381-00492656 advanced European diesel engines for
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01489-00492657-00493001 Chinese warships military helicopter
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01490-00493002-00493297 designs from eurocopter French and -
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01491-00493298-00493547 submarine sonar sand helicopters
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01492-00493547-00493835 Australian technology for the home a
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01493-00493835-00494116 class missile boat an Israeli supplied
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01494-00494117-00494393 American missile laser and aircraft
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01495-00494393-00494662 technology according to the Stockholm
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01496-00494663-00494947 International Peace Research Institute's
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01497-00494948-00495227 data China became the world's third
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01498-00495228-00495605 largest exporter of major arms in 2010
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01499-00495606-00496072 to 14 an increase of 143 percent from
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01500-00496073-00496652 the period 2005 to 2009 China's share of
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01501-00496653-00496970 global arms exports hence increased from
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01502-00496971-00497462 3 to 5 percent China supplied major arms
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01503-00497463-00498037 to 35 States in 2010 to 14 a significant
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01504-00498038-00498364 percentage just over 68 percent of
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01505-00498365-00498685 Chinese exports went to three countries
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01506-00498685-00499095 Pakistan Bangladesh and Myanmar China
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01507-00499096-00499537 also exported major arms to 18 African
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01508-00499538-00499845 states examples of China's increasing
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01509-00499846-00500189 global presence as an arms supplier in
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01510-00500189-00500585 2010 to 14 included deals with Venezuela
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01511-00500585-00500891 for armored vehicles and transport and
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01512-00500892-00501200 trainer aircraft with Algeria for three
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01513-00501201-00501466 frigates with Indonesia for the supply
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01514-00501467-00501737 of hundreds of anti-ship missiles and
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01515-00501738-00501779 with
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01516-00501780-00502037 Nigeria for the supply of a number of
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01517-00502038-00502354 unmanned combat aerial vehicles
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01518-00502355-00502685 following rapid advances in its arms
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01519-00502685-00502970 industry China has become less dependent
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01520-00502971-00503384 on arms imports which decreased by 42
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01521-00503385-00503921 percent between 2005 to 2009 and 2010 to
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01522-00503922-00504397 14 Russia accounted for 61 percent of
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01523-00504399-00504728 Chinese arms imports followed by France
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01524-00504729-00505067 with 16 percent in Ukraine with 13
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01525-00505068-00505412 percent helicopters formed a major part
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01526-00505413-00505667 of Russian and French deliveries with
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01527-00505668-00505889 the French designs produced under
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01528-00505889-00506303 licence in China over the years China
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01529-00506304-00506537 has struggled to design and produce
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01530-00506538-00506779 effective engines for combat and
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01531-00506780-00507149 transport vehicles it continued to
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01532-00507150-00507437 import large numbers of engines from
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01533-00507438-00507821 Russia and Ukraine in 2010 to 14 for
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01534-00507822-00508127 indigenously designed combat advanced
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01535-00508128-00508421 trainer and transport aircraft and for
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01536-00508422-00508793 naval ships it also produced British
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01537-00508793-00509102 French and German designed engines for
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01538-00509103-00509422 combat aircraft naval ships and armored
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01539-00509424-00509710 vehicles mostly as part of agreements
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01540-00509712-00510447 that have been in place for decades
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01541-00510448-00511014 topic cyberwarfare
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01542-00511014-00511247 there is a belief in the Western
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01543-00511249-00511551 military doctrines that the PLA have
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01544-00511552-00511847 already begun engaging countries using
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01545-00511849-00512172 cyber warfare there has been a
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01546-00512172-00512406 significant increase in the number of
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01547-00512407-00512735 presumed Chinese military initiated
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01548-00512737-00513110 cyber events from 1999 to the present
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01549-00513112-00513372 day cyber warfare has gained recognition
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01550-00513372-00513710 as a valuable technique because it is an
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01551-00513712-00513963 asymmetric technique that is a part of
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01552-00513964-00514374 Chinese information operations as is
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01553-00514375-00514734 written by two pla GF Colonels Chow
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01554-00514735-00515052 Liang and Wang Xiong sua methods that
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01555-00515053-00515337 are not characterized by the use of the
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01556-00515338-00515688 force of arms nor by the use of military
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01557-00515689-00515999 power nor even by the presence of
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01558-00516000-00516291 casualties and bloodshed are just as
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01559-00516292-00516593 likely to facilitate the successful
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01560-00516593-00516897 realization of the wars goals if not
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01561-00516897-00517179 more so while China has long been
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01562-00517180-00517605 suspected of cyber spying on the 24th of
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01563-00517606-00518039 May 2011 the PLA announced the existence
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01564-00518041-00518397 of their cybersecurity squad in February
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01565-00518397-00518946 2013 the media named comment crew as a
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01566-00518947-00519243 hacker military faction for China's
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01567-00519243-00519722 People's Liberation Army in May 2014 a
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01568-00519724-00520026 federal grand jury in the United States
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01569-00520027-00520593 indicted five unit 61398 officers on
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01570-00520593-00520845 criminal charges related to cyber
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01571-00520846-00521581 attacks on private companies
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01572-00521582-00522166 topic nuclear weapons
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01573-00522167-00522622 in 1955 China decided to proceed with a
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01574-00522623-00523028 nuclear weapons program the decision was
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01575-00523029-00523289 made after the United States threatened
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01576-00523289-00523583 the use of nuclear weapons against China
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01577-00523584-00523864 should it take action against komoi and
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01578-00523865-00524120 Matsu coupled with the lack of interest
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01579-00524121-00524375 of the Soviet Union for using its
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01580-00524376-00524674 nuclear weapons in defense of China
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01581-00524675-00525062 after their first nuclear test China
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01582-00525063-00525391 claims minimal Soviet assistance before
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01583-00525392-00525920 1960 on the 16th of October 1964 China
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01584-00525921-00526205 was the first state to pledge no first
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01585-00526206-00526595 use of nuclear weapons on the 1st of
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01586-00526596-00527036 July 1966 the second artillery Corps as
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01587-00527037-00527357 named by premier Joanne Lai was formed
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01588-00527358-00527893 in 1967 China tested a fully functional
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01589-00527894-00528278 hydrogen bomb only 32 months after China
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01590-00528279-00528670 had made its first fission device China
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01591-00528671-00528916 thus produced the shortest fission to
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01592-00528917-00529310 fusion development known in history
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01593-00529311-00529649 China became a major international arms
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01594-00529650-00530072 exporter during the 1980s Beijing joined
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01595-00530073-00530372 the Middle East arms control talks which
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01596-00530373-00530759 began in July 1991 to establish global
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01597-00530760-00531026 guidelines for conventional arms
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01598-00531027-00531281 transfers and later announced that it
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01599-00531282-00531536 would no longer participate because of
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01600-00531537-00532046 the u.s. decision to sell 150 f-16 a/b
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01601-00532047-00532304 aircraft to Taiwan on the 2nd of
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01602-00532305-00532742 September 1992 it joined the
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01603-00532743-00533117 International Atomic Energy Agency IAEA
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01604-00533118-00533474 in 1984 and pledged to abstain from
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01605-00533475-00533789 further atmospheric testing of nuclear
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01606-00533790-00534290 weapons in 1986 China acceded to the
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01607-00534291-00534724 nuclear non-proliferation treaty NPT in
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01608-00534725-00535046 1992 and supported its indefinite and
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01609-00535047-00535544 unconditional extension in 1995 nuclear
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01610-00535545-00535964 weapons tests by China ceased in 1996
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01611-00535965-00536186 when it signed the comprehensive
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01612-00536187-00536450 test-ban treaty and agreed to seek an
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01613-00536451-00536702 international ban on the production of
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01614-00536703-00537060 fissile nuclear weapons material
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01615-00537061-00537453 in 1996 China committed to provide
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01616-00537454-00537717 assistance to unsafe guarded nuclear
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01617-00537718-00538209 facilities China attended the May 1997
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01618-00538210-00538542 meeting of the NPT exporters Zanger
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01619-00538543-00538788 Committee as an observer and became a
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01620-00538789-00539304 full member in October 1997 the Songer
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01621-00539305-00539562 committee as a group which meets to list
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01622-00539563-00539849 items that should be subject to IAEA
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01623-00539850-00540141 inspections if exported by countries
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01624-00540142-00540405 which have as China has signed the
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01625-00540406-00540833 non-proliferation treaty in September
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01626-00540834-00541209 1997 China issued detailed nuclear
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01627-00541210-00541653 export control regulations China began
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01628-00541654-00541911 implementing regulations establishing
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01629-00541912-00542217 controls over nuclear related dual-use
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01630-00542218-00542772 items in 1998 China also has decided not
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01631-00542773-00543023 to engage in new nuclear cooperation
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01632-00543024-00543396 with Iran even under safeguards and will
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01633-00543397-00543696 complete existing cooperation which is
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01634-00543697-00543972 not of proliferation concern within a
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01635-00543973-00544302 relatively short period based on
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01636-00544303-00544614 significant tangible progress with China
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01637-00544615-00544914 on nuclear non-proliferation President
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01638-00544915-00545298 Clinton in 1998 took steps to bring into
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01639-00545299-00545706 force the 1985 us-china agreement on
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01640-00545707-00546097 peaceful nuclear cooperation
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01641-00546098-00546364 Beijing has deployed a modest ballistic
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01642-00546365-00546607 missile force including land and
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01643-00546608-00546859 sea-based intermediate-range and
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01644-00546860-00547087 intercontinental ballistic missiles
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01645-00547088-00547663 ICBMs it was estimated in 2007 that
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01646-00547664-00548172 China has about 100 to 160 liquid-fueled
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01647-00548173-00548494 ICBMs capable of striking the United
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01648-00548495-00548908 States with approximately 100 to 150
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01649-00548909-00549241 irbm s able to strike Russia or Eastern
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01650-00549242-00549477 Europe as well as several hundred
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01651-00549478-00549955 tactical SRB m/s with ranges between 300
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01652-00549956-00550441 and 600 kilometers currently the Chinese
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01653-00550442-00550738 nuclear stockpile is estimated to be
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01654-00550739-00551154 between 50 and 75 land and sea-based
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01655-00551155-00551527 ICBMs China's nuclear program follows a
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01656-00551528-00551779 doctrine of minimal deterrence which
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01657-00551780-00552043 involves having the minimum force needed
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01658-00552044-00552292 to deter an aggressor from launching a
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01659-00552293-00552613 first strike the current efforts of
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01660-00552614-00552802 China appeared to be aimed at
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01661-00552803-00553081 maintaining a survivable nuclear force
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01662-00553082-00553525 by for example using solid-fueled ICBMs
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01663-00553526-00553792 in silos rather than liquid-fueled
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01664-00553793-00554184 missiles China's 2006 published
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01665-00554185-00554482 deterrence policy states that they will
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01666-00554483-00554815 uphold the principles of counter attack
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01667-00554816-00555079 in self-defense and limited development
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01668-00555080-00555427 of nuclear weapons
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01669-00555428-00555727 but has never entered and will never
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01670-00555728-00556085 enter into a nuclear arms race with any
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01671-00556086-00556510 country it goes on to describe that
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01672-00556511-00556747 China will never undertake a first
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01673-00556748-00557068 strike or use nuclear weapons against a
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01674-00557069-00557443 non-nuclear state or zone u.s.
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01675-00557444-00557750 strategists however suggest that the
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01676-00557751-00558031 Chinese position may be ambiguous and
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01677-00558032-00558289 nuclear weapons may be used both to
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01678-00558290-00558620 deter conventional strikes invasions on
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01679-00558621-00558835 the Chinese mainland or as an
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01680-00558836-00559112 international political tool limiting
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01681-00559113-00559372 the extent to which other nations can
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01682-00559373-00559477 coerce China
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01683-00559478-00559706 politically an inherent often
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01684-00559707-00559981 inadvertent phenomenon in international
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01685-00559982-00560252 relations as regards any state with
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01686-00560253-00560924 nuclear capabilities
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01687-00560925-00561532 topic space-based warfare
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01688-00561533-00561823 the PLA has deployed a number of
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01689-00561824-00562093 space-based systems for military
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01690-00562094-00562339 purposes including the imagery
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01691-00562340-00562625 intelligence satellite systems like the
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01692-00562626-00562846 Xion series and the militarily
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01693-00562847-00563161 designated jamming series synthetic
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01694-00563162-00563500 aperture satellites SAR such as jamming
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01695-00563501-00563827 five bado satellite navigation network
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01696-00563828-00564100 and secured communication satellites
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01697-00564101-00564523 with Fe Eng Huo one the pla is
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01698-00564524-00564754 responsible for the Chinese space
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01699-00564755-00565120 program to date all the participants
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01700-00565121-00565360 have been selected from members of the
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01701-00565361-00565775 PLA air force China became the third
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01702-00565776-00566035 country in the world to have sent a man
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01703-00566036-00566305 into space by its own means with the
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01704-00566306-00566446 flight of Yang Liwei
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01705-00566447-00566746 aboard the shun Jo 5 spacecraft on the
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01706-00566747-00567133 15th of October 2003 and the flight of
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01707-00567134-00567391 PHA Jun long and nihei Zhang aboard
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01708-00567392-00567800 zhangzhou 6 on the 12th of October 2005
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01709-00567801-00568132 and jazzy gang Luo bombing and Jing hai
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01710-00568133-00568447 pong aboard zhangzhou 7 on the 25th of
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01711-00568448-00568948 September 2008 the PLA started the
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01712-00568949-00569191 development of an anti-ballistic and
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01713-00569192-00569527 anti satellite system in the 1960s
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01714-00569528-00569917 codenamed project 640 including
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01715-00569918-00570166 ground-based lasers and anti-satellite
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01716-00570167-00570694 missiles on the 11th of January 2007
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01717-00570695-00571030 China conducted a successful test of an
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01718-00571031-00571360 anti-satellite missile with an SC 19
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01719-00571361-00571816 class kkv its anti-ballistic missile
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01720-00571817-00572137 test was also successful
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01721-00572138-00572443 the PLA has tested two types of
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01722-00572444-00572752 hypersonic space vehicles the Xiang long
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01723-00572753-00572989 space plane and a new one built by
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01724-00572990-00573436 Chengdu Aircraft Corporation only a few
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01725-00573437-00573664 pictures have appeared since it was
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01726-00573665-00574174 revealed in late 2007 earlier images of
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01727-00574175-00574471 the high enthalpy shockwaves laboratory
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01728-00574472-00574828 wind tunnel of the CAS key laboratory of
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01729-00574829-00575200 high-temperature gas dynamics LHD were
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01730-00575201-00575575 published in the Chinese media tests
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01731-00575576-00575839 with speeds up to Mach 20 were reached
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01732-00575840-00576564 around 2001
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01733-00576565-00577177 topic military budget
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01734-00577178-00577437 military spending in the People's
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01735-00577438-00577787 Liberation Army has grown about 10%
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01736-00577788-00578216 annually over the last 15 years the
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01737-00578217-00578456 Stockholm International Peace Research
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01738-00578457-00578897 Institute SIPRI estimated China's
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01739-00578898-00579377 military expenditure for 2013 to 188
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01740-00579378-00579825 point five billion dollars u.s. China's
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01741-00579826-00580187 military budget for 2014 according to
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01742-00580188-00580583 IHS Jane's a defense industry consulting
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01743-00580584-00581006 and analysis company will be 148 billion
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01744-00581007-00581304 dollars u.s. which is the second largest
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01745-00581305-00581708 in the world the United States military
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01746-00581709-00582242 budget for 2014 in comparison is 574
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01747-00582243-00582575 point nine billion dollars u.s. which is
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01748-00582576-00582975 down from a high of 664 point three
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01749-00582976-00583379 billion dollars u.s. in 2012 according
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01750-00583380-00583841 to SIPRI China became the world's third
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01751-00583842-00584222 largest exporter of major arms in 2010
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01752-00584223-00584706 to 14 an increase of 143 percent from
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01753-00584707-00585279 the period 2005 to 2009 China supplied
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01754-00585280-00585868 major arms to 35 States in 2010 to 14 a
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01755-00585869-00586217 significant percentage just over 68
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01756-00586218-00586560 percent of Chinese exports went to three
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01757-00586561-00586860 countries Pakistan Bangladesh and
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01758-00586861-00587318 Myanmar China also exported major arms
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01759-00587319-00587744 to 18 African states examples of China's
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01760-00587745-00588029 increasing global presence as an arms
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01761-00588030-00588456 supplier in 2010 214 included deals with
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01762-00588457-00588722 Venezuela for armored vehicles and
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01763-00588723-00588992 transport and trainer aircraft with
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01764-00588993-00589239 Algeria for three frigates with
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01765-00589240-00589506 Indonesia for the supply of hundreds of
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01766-00589507-00589820 anti-ship missiles and with Nigeria for
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01767-00589821-00590031 the supply of a number of unmanned
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01768-00590032-00590478 combat aerial vehicles following rapid
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01769-00590479-00590726 advances in its domestic arms industry
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01770-00590727-00591090 China has become less dependent on arms
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01771-00591091-00591399 imports which decreased by 42 percent
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01772-00591400-00592079 between 2005 to 2009 and 2010 to 14
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01773-00592080-00592431 China's rise in military spending come
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01774-00592432-00592674 at a time when there are tensions along
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01775-00592675-00592974 the South China Sea with territorial
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01776-00592975-00593205 disputes involving the Philippines
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01777-00593206-00593592 Vietnam and Taiwan as well as escalating
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01778-00593593-00593834 tensions between China and Japan
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01779-00593835-00594159 involving the disputed Diaoyu Chinese
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01780-00594160-00594489 spelling and Senkaku Japanese spelling
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01781-00594490-00594870 Islands former United States Secretary
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01782-00594871-00595185 of Defense Robert Gates has urged China
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01783-00595186-00595458 to be more transparent about its
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01784-00595459-00595868 military capabilities and intentions
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01785-00595869-00596307 2018 and 2019 both saw significant
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01786-00596308-00596712 budget increases as well China announced
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01787-00596713-00597336 2018 s budget as 1.1 1 trillion yuan 175
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01788-00597337-00597600 billion dollars an eight point one
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01789-00597601-00598038 percent increase on 2017 and 2019 s
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01790-00598039-00598317 budget as one point one nine trillion
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01791-00598318-00598713 yuan 170 seven point six 1 billion
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01792-00598714-00599783 dollars an increase of 7.5% on 2018
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01793-00599784-00600399 topic military spending
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01794-00600400-00600678 the Chinese central government has a
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01795-00600679-00600921 budget of three point three trillion
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01796-00600922-00601359 dollars of which it allocates 174 point
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01797-00601360-00601712 six billion dollars to the military
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01798-00601713-00602097 March 2010 the budget was announced to
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01799-00602098-00602334 be seventy six point five billion
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01800-00602335-00602512 dollars
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01801-00602513-00602872 March 2011 the budget was announced to
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01802-00602873-00603216 be ninety point two billion dollars
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01803-00603217-00603574 March 2012 the budget was announced to
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01804-00603575-00603829 be one hundred three point 1 billion
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01805-00603830-00604016 dollars
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01806-00604017-00604380 March 2013 the budget was announced to
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01807-00604381-00604653 be one hundred sixteen point two billion
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01808-00604654-00604827 dollars
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01809-00604828-00605199 March 2014 the budget was announced to
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01810-00605200-00605451 be one hundred thirty one point two
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01811-00605452-00605656 billion dollars
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01812-00605657-00606037 March 2015 the budget was announced to
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01813-00606038-00606281 be one hundred forty two point four
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01814-00606282-00606486 billion dollars
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01815-00606487-00606867 March 2016 the budget was announced to
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01816-00606868-00607149 be one hundred forty three point seven
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01817-00607150-00607352 billion dollars
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01818-00607353-00607745 March 2017 the budget was announced to
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01819-00607746-00608210 be 150 1.4 billion dollars
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01820-00608211-00608580 March 2018 the budget was announced to
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01821-00608581-00609495 be $174 six billion
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01822-00609496-00610122 topic commercial interests
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01823-00610123-00610512 until the mid-1990s the PLA had
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01824-00610513-00610800 extensive commercial enterprise holdings
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01825-00610801-00611152 in non-military areas particularly real
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01826-00611153-00611539 estate almost all of these holdings were
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01827-00611540-00611945 supposedly spun off in the mid 1990s in
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01828-00611946-00612252 most cases the management of the
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01829-00612253-00612516 companies remained unchanged with the
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01830-00612517-00612781 pla officers running the companies
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01831-00612782-00613114 simply retiring from the pla to run the
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01832-00613115-00613375 newly formed private holding companies
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01833-00613376-00613666 the history of PLA involvement in
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01834-00613667-00613943 commercial enterprises began in the
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01835-00613944-00614448 1950s and 1960s because of the socialist
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01836-00614449-00614739 state-owned system and from a desire for
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01837-00614740-00615052 military self-sufficiency the pla
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01838-00615053-00615345 created a network of enterprises such as
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01839-00615346-00615620 farms guest houses and factories
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01840-00615621-00615922 intended to financially support its own
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01841-00615923-00616327 needs one unintended side effect of the
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01842-00616328-00616635 Deng era economic reforms was that many
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01843-00616636-00616872 of these enterprises became very
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01844-00616873-00617245 profitable for example a military
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01845-00617246-00617479 guesthouse intended for soldier
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01846-00617480-00617752 recreation could be easily converted
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01847-00617753-00618098 into a profitable hotel for civilian use
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01848-00618099-00618406 there were two main factors which
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01849-00618407-00618735 increased pla commercial involvement in
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01850-00618736-00619093 the 1990s one was that running
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01851-00619094-00619377 profitable companies decreased the need
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01852-00619378-00619635 for the state to fund the military from
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01853-00619636-00619945 the government budget the second was
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01854-00619946-00620208 that in an environment where legal rules
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01855-00620209-00620464 were unclear and political connections
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01856-00620465-00620833 were important PLA influence was very
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01857-00620834-00621168 useful by the early 1990s party
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01858-00621169-00621439 officials and high military officials
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01859-00621440-00621700 were becoming increasingly alarmed at
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01860-00621701-00621900 the military's commercial involvement
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01861-00621901-00622300 for a number of reasons the military's
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01862-00622301-00622558 involvement in commerce was seen to
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01863-00622559-00622837 adversely affect military readiness and
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01864-00622838-00623181 spread corruption further there was
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01865-00623182-00623476 great concern that having an independent
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01866-00623477-00623662 source of funding would lead to
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01867-00623663-00623992 decreased loyalty to the party the
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01868-00623993-00624256 result of this was an effort to spin-off
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01869-00624257-00624580 the PLA s commercial enterprises in to
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01870-00624581-00624919 private companies managed by former PLA
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01871-00624920-00625165 officers and to reform military
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01872-00625166-00625417 procurement from a system in which the
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01873-00625418-00625729 PLA directly controls its sources of
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01874-00625730-00626044 supply to a contracting system more akin
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01875-00626045-00626371 to those of Western countries the
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01876-00626372-00626617 separation of the PLA from its
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01877-00626618-00626833 commercial interests was largely
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01878-00626834-00627253 complete by the year 2000 it was met
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01879-00627254-00627472 with very little resistance as the
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01880-00627473-00627754 spin-off was arranged in such a way that
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01881-00627755-00628198 few lost out the rapidly expanding sea
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01882-00628199-00628498 EFC china energy that bought a nine
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01883-00628499-00628801 billion dollar stake in Russia's largest
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01884-00628802-00629089 oil producer Rosneft is linked to the
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01885-00629090-00629696 PLA
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01886-00629697-00630324 topic anthem an insignia
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01887-00630325-00630663 the military anthem of the PLA as the
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01888-00630664-00630876 military anthem of the People's
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01889-00630877-00631239 Liberation Army simplified chinese zhang
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01890-00631240-00631491 guo ran Minji affection Genji
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01891-00631492-00631782 traditional chinese zhang guo ran min
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01892-00631783-00632061 jia Fang Zhang Zhang Jie pinyin zhang
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01893-00632062-00632394 guo ran man G Fong Jun yang ax the
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01894-00632395-00632673 Central Military Commission adopted the
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01895-00632674-00633219 song on July 25th 1988 the lyrics of the
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01896-00633220-00633483 anthem were written by Gong Mew and the
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01897-00633484-00633818 music was composed by jung woo Choong
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01898-00633819-00634248 the pla insignia consists of a roundel
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01899-00634249-00634488 with a red star bearing the Chinese
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01900-00634489-00634800 characters for 8:1 referring to the non
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01901-00634801-00635198 Chong uprising which began on August 1st
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01902-00635199-00635830 1927
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01903-00635831-00636446 topic see also
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01904-00636447-00636831 2015 People's Republic of China military
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01905-00636832-00637014 reform
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01906-00637015-00637482 China as an emerging superpower Chinese
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01907-00637483-00637776 information operations and information
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01908-00637777-00637950 warfare
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01909-00637951-00638256 Chinese intelligence operations in the
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01910-00638257-00638461 United States
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01911-00638462-00638714 military power of the People's Republic
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01912-00638715-00639147 of China annual report to Congress
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01913-00639148-00639427 Ministry of National Defense of the
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01914-00639428-00639735 People's Republic of China
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01915-00639736-00640248 National Revolutionary Army new PLA type
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01916-00640249-00640508 O seven uniform
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01917-00640509-00640963 People's Liberation Army disambiguation
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01918-00640964-00641255 ranks of the People's Liberation Army
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01919-00641256-00641681 Ground Force Republic of China Armed
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01920-00641682-00642071 Forces timeline of [__] report
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01921-00642072-00642265 controversy
+eNXBp2p3TTy-01922-00642266-00642586 titin moraine