diff --git "a/data/en005/text/00000031.txt" "b/data/en005/text/00000031.txt" new file mode 100644--- /dev/null +++ "b/data/en005/text/00000031.txt" @@ -0,0 +1,8634 @@ +GgpMfNMzzFo-00000-00000712-00001198 This is a precision measurements instruction and quiz area that we have built on our Second +GgpMfNMzzFo-00001-00001198-00001461 Life island using gamification principles. +GgpMfNMzzFo-00002-00001461-00002011 The students navigate and interact with objects in the virtual world using their keyboard +GgpMfNMzzFo-00003-00002011-00002357 and mouse much like how you would in a third-person video game. +GgpMfNMzzFo-00004-00002357-00002976 The purpose of the area is to orient, quiz, and assess the student’s knowledge of precision +GgpMfNMzzFo-00005-00002976-00003076 measurement tools. +GgpMfNMzzFo-00006-00003076-00003621 The students log into the Second Life island with their avatar and enter the area either +GgpMfNMzzFo-00007-00003621-00004075 from the entrance of the building or from a link sent from their instructor. +GgpMfNMzzFo-00008-00004075-00004621 There are billboards in this area on the wall that provide quizzes to the students in a +GgpMfNMzzFo-00009-00004621-00004740 number of ways. +GgpMfNMzzFo-00010-00004740-00005233 The quizzes can be triggered by itself or can also be accompanied by related graphics +GgpMfNMzzFo-00011-00005233-00006187 or videos. +GgpMfNMzzFo-00012-00006187-00007823 The video can be an accompanying video that explains that particular tool for example. +GgpMfNMzzFo-00013-00007823-00008261 After watching the video or looking at the graphic, the student then clicks on the board +GgpMfNMzzFo-00014-00008261-00008413 next to it to start the quiz. +GgpMfNMzzFo-00015-00008413-00009697 The quiz board then assess, enhance, and quiz the student on precision measurement tools. +GgpMfNMzzFo-00016-00010298-00010800 After the student clicks on and interacts with a quiz board the instructor will be emailed +GgpMfNMzzFo-00017-00010802-00011061 the results of that student’s performance. +GgpMfNMzzFo-00018-00011061-00011554 The students can choose to focus on those specific boards that are regarding that tool +GgpMfNMzzFo-00019-00011554-00012210 or have the option to disregard the rest which he or she already may understand better. +GgpMfNMzzFo-00020-00012210-00012645 In conclusion, this simulation is a great interaction tool that helps the instructor +GgpMfNMzzFo-00021-00012645-00013212 teach the students about precision measurement tools through hand and eye coordination, critical +GgpMfNMzzFo-00022-00013212-00013448 problem solving, and attention to detail. +GleZbeWYB6I-00000-00003506-00003606 What? +GleZbeWYB6I-00001-00003606-00003906 Did you buy a barrel of 16 cheese wheels? +GleZbeWYB6I-00002-00004136-00004306 What? No! +GleZbeWYB6I-00003-00004435-00004733 Did you or did you not? I'm just asking. +GleZbeWYB6I-00004-00004799-00004910 Okay, then yes. +GleZbeWYB6I-00005-00005484-00005603 It's that big?! +GleZbeWYB6I-00006-00005766-00006066 Well, I can't help it if I like cheese! +GleZbeWYB6I-00007-00006618-00007016 How did you even manage to order a huge barrel to our house? +GleZbeWYB6I-00008-00007230-00007553 I dunno. I just saw a big barrel online. +GleZbeWYB6I-00009-00007684-00007983 So a big barrel just appeared on the internet? +GleZbeWYB6I-00010-00008062-00008176 I'm taking this back! +GleZbeWYB6I-00011-00008263-00008363 Oh no you don't! +GleZbeWYB6I-00012-00008912-00009010 We need to go! +GleZbeWYB6I-00013-00009325-00009525 I can't get this stupid doorknob! +GleZbeWYB6I-00014-00009573-00009633 Well, we're goners. +GleZbeWYB6I-00015-00009746-00009946 Unless you slow the earth down! +GleZbeWYB6I-00016-00010013-00010113 Of course! +GleZbeWYB6I-00017-00011448-00011506 (explosion) +GleZbeWYB6I-00018-00011726-00012023 Our home is gone! Buuuuut....... +GleZbeWYB6I-00019-00012323-00012523 Aah, that's more like it. +GlSjMxn8CwQ-00000-00000010-00000100 >>> HI, EVERYONE. +GlSjMxn8CwQ-00001-00000100-00000106 >>> HI, EVERYONE. +GlSjMxn8CwQ-00002-00000106-00000617 >>> HI, EVERYONE. THANKS FOR WATCHING TONIGHT. +GlSjMxn8CwQ-00003-00000617-00000623 >>> HI, EVERYONE. THANKS FOR WATCHING TONIGHT. +GlSjMxn8CwQ-00004-00000623-00000693 >>> HI, EVERYONE. THANKS FOR WATCHING TONIGHT. >>> A THOROUGH EVALUATION OF THE +GlSjMxn8CwQ-00005-00000693-00000700 THANKS FOR WATCHING TONIGHT. >>> A THOROUGH EVALUATION OF THE +GlSjMxn8CwQ-00006-00000700-00000767 THANKS FOR WATCHING TONIGHT. >>> A THOROUGH EVALUATION OF THE PROPOSED LINE THREE REPLACEMENT +GlSjMxn8CwQ-00007-00000767-00000774 >>> A THOROUGH EVALUATION OF THE PROPOSED LINE THREE REPLACEMENT +GlSjMxn8CwQ-00008-00000774-00000824 >>> A THOROUGH EVALUATION OF THE PROPOSED LINE THREE REPLACEMENT PROJECT IS UNDERWAY. +GlSjMxn8CwQ-00009-00000824-00000830 PROPOSED LINE THREE REPLACEMENT PROJECT IS UNDERWAY. +GlSjMxn8CwQ-00010-00000830-00000890 PROPOSED LINE THREE REPLACEMENT PROJECT IS UNDERWAY. IN THE COMING MONTHS, AREA +GlSjMxn8CwQ-00011-00000890-00000897 PROJECT IS UNDERWAY. IN THE COMING MONTHS, AREA +GlSjMxn8CwQ-00012-00000897-00000957 PROJECT IS UNDERWAY. IN THE COMING MONTHS, AREA NATIVE AMERICAN TRIBAL BANDS +GlSjMxn8CwQ-00013-00000957-00000964 IN THE COMING MONTHS, AREA NATIVE AMERICAN TRIBAL BANDS +GlSjMxn8CwQ-00014-00000964-00001017 IN THE COMING MONTHS, AREA NATIVE AMERICAN TRIBAL BANDS WILL WEIGH IN ON THE OIL +GlSjMxn8CwQ-00015-00001017-00001024 NATIVE AMERICAN TRIBAL BANDS WILL WEIGH IN ON THE OIL +GlSjMxn8CwQ-00016-00001024-00001174 NATIVE AMERICAN TRIBAL BANDS WILL WEIGH IN ON THE OIL PIPELINE THAT MAY COME THROUGH +GlSjMxn8CwQ-00017-00001174-00001181 WILL WEIGH IN ON THE OIL PIPELINE THAT MAY COME THROUGH +GlSjMxn8CwQ-00018-00001181-00001705 WILL WEIGH IN ON THE OIL PIPELINE THAT MAY COME THROUGH THEIR RESERVATIONS. +GlSjMxn8CwQ-00019-00001705-00001711 PIPELINE THAT MAY COME THROUGH THEIR RESERVATIONS. +GlSjMxn8CwQ-00020-00001711-00001768 PIPELINE THAT MAY COME THROUGH THEIR RESERVATIONS. LEECH LAKE MEMEBRS MET TO +GlSjMxn8CwQ-00021-00001768-00001775 THEIR RESERVATIONS. LEECH LAKE MEMEBRS MET TO +GlSjMxn8CwQ-00022-00001775-00001841 THEIR RESERVATIONS. LEECH LAKE MEMEBRS MET TO DISCUSS THEIR CONCERNS, AS MAL +GlSjMxn8CwQ-00023-00001841-00001848 LEECH LAKE MEMEBRS MET TO DISCUSS THEIR CONCERNS, AS MAL +GlSjMxn8CwQ-00024-00001848-00002108 LEECH LAKE MEMEBRS MET TO DISCUSS THEIR CONCERNS, AS MAL MEYER REPORTS. +GlSjMxn8CwQ-00025-00002108-00002115 DISCUSS THEIR CONCERNS, AS MAL MEYER REPORTS. +GlSjMxn8CwQ-00026-00002115-00002298 DISCUSS THEIR CONCERNS, AS MAL MEYER REPORTS. >> THIS COMMUNITY, YOU KNOW, HAS +GlSjMxn8CwQ-00027-00002298-00002305 MEYER REPORTS. >> THIS COMMUNITY, YOU KNOW, HAS +GlSjMxn8CwQ-00028-00002305-00002889 MEYER REPORTS. >> THIS COMMUNITY, YOU KNOW, HAS TO BE HEARD WHILE THE PROPOSED +GlSjMxn8CwQ-00029-00002889-00002896 >> THIS COMMUNITY, YOU KNOW, HAS TO BE HEARD WHILE THE PROPOSED +GlSjMxn8CwQ-00030-00002896-00003133 >> THIS COMMUNITY, YOU KNOW, HAS TO BE HEARD WHILE THE PROPOSED DROUGHT COULD NOT COME THROUGH +GlSjMxn8CwQ-00031-00003133-00003139 TO BE HEARD WHILE THE PROPOSED DROUGHT COULD NOT COME THROUGH +GlSjMxn8CwQ-00032-00003139-00003416 TO BE HEARD WHILE THE PROPOSED DROUGHT COULD NOT COME THROUGH LEECH LAKE, IT WILL HAVE TO BE +GlSjMxn8CwQ-00033-00003416-00003423 DROUGHT COULD NOT COME THROUGH LEECH LAKE, IT WILL HAVE TO BE +GlSjMxn8CwQ-00034-00003423-00003463 DROUGHT COULD NOT COME THROUGH LEECH LAKE, IT WILL HAVE TO BE DEACTIVATED. +GlSjMxn8CwQ-00035-00003463-00003470 LEECH LAKE, IT WILL HAVE TO BE DEACTIVATED. +GlSjMxn8CwQ-00036-00003470-00003673 LEECH LAKE, IT WILL HAVE TO BE DEACTIVATED. IT CAN CHANGE THROUGH THE +GlSjMxn8CwQ-00037-00003673-00003680 DEACTIVATED. IT CAN CHANGE THROUGH THE +GlSjMxn8CwQ-00038-00003680-00004300 DEACTIVATED. IT CAN CHANGE THROUGH THE ENVIRONMENTAL REVIEW PROCESS. +GlSjMxn8CwQ-00039-00004300-00004307 IT CAN CHANGE THROUGH THE ENVIRONMENTAL REVIEW PROCESS. +GlSjMxn8CwQ-00040-00004307-00004414 IT CAN CHANGE THROUGH THE ENVIRONMENTAL REVIEW PROCESS. >> ORGANIZERS HOPE THAT PEOPLE +GlSjMxn8CwQ-00041-00004414-00004421 ENVIRONMENTAL REVIEW PROCESS. >> ORGANIZERS HOPE THAT PEOPLE +GlSjMxn8CwQ-00042-00004421-00004594 ENVIRONMENTAL REVIEW PROCESS. >> ORGANIZERS HOPE THAT PEOPLE USE THE MEETINGS TO GET A BETTER +GlSjMxn8CwQ-00043-00004594-00004601 >> ORGANIZERS HOPE THAT PEOPLE USE THE MEETINGS TO GET A BETTER +GlSjMxn8CwQ-00044-00004601-00004761 >> ORGANIZERS HOPE THAT PEOPLE USE THE MEETINGS TO GET A BETTER UNDERSTANDING OF WHAT THE +GlSjMxn8CwQ-00045-00004761-00004768 USE THE MEETINGS TO GET A BETTER UNDERSTANDING OF WHAT THE +GlSjMxn8CwQ-00046-00004768-00004894 USE THE MEETINGS TO GET A BETTER UNDERSTANDING OF WHAT THE PIPELINE COULD MEAN FOR THE +GlSjMxn8CwQ-00047-00004894-00004901 UNDERSTANDING OF WHAT THE PIPELINE COULD MEAN FOR THE +GlSjMxn8CwQ-00048-00004901-00004924 UNDERSTANDING OF WHAT THE PIPELINE COULD MEAN FOR THE AREA. +GlSjMxn8CwQ-00049-00004924-00004931 PIPELINE COULD MEAN FOR THE AREA. +GlSjMxn8CwQ-00050-00004931-00005071 PIPELINE COULD MEAN FOR THE AREA. >> WE WANT TO MAKE SURE THE +GlSjMxn8CwQ-00051-00005071-00005078 AREA. >> WE WANT TO MAKE SURE THE +GlSjMxn8CwQ-00052-00005078-00005255 AREA. >> WE WANT TO MAKE SURE THE COMMUNITY IS EMPOWERED AND THAT +GlSjMxn8CwQ-00053-00005255-00005261 >> WE WANT TO MAKE SURE THE COMMUNITY IS EMPOWERED AND THAT +GlSjMxn8CwQ-00054-00005261-00005502 >> WE WANT TO MAKE SURE THE COMMUNITY IS EMPOWERED AND THAT THEY HAVE ALL THE INFORMATION +GlSjMxn8CwQ-00055-00005502-00005508 COMMUNITY IS EMPOWERED AND THAT THEY HAVE ALL THE INFORMATION +GlSjMxn8CwQ-00056-00005508-00005698 COMMUNITY IS EMPOWERED AND THAT THEY HAVE ALL THE INFORMATION THEY NEED TO MAKE SOLID +GlSjMxn8CwQ-00057-00005698-00005705 THEY HAVE ALL THE INFORMATION THEY NEED TO MAKE SOLID +GlSjMxn8CwQ-00058-00005705-00005839 THEY HAVE ALL THE INFORMATION THEY NEED TO MAKE SOLID STATEMENTS AS TO WHAT THEY WANT +GlSjMxn8CwQ-00059-00005839-00005845 THEY NEED TO MAKE SOLID STATEMENTS AS TO WHAT THEY WANT +GlSjMxn8CwQ-00060-00005845-00005992 THEY NEED TO MAKE SOLID STATEMENTS AS TO WHAT THEY WANT FOR THEIR COMMUNITIES. +GlSjMxn8CwQ-00061-00005992-00005999 STATEMENTS AS TO WHAT THEY WANT FOR THEIR COMMUNITIES. +GlSjMxn8CwQ-00062-00005999-00006112 STATEMENTS AS TO WHAT THEY WANT FOR THEIR COMMUNITIES. >> ATTENDEES WERE ABLE TO ASK +GlSjMxn8CwQ-00063-00006112-00006119 FOR THEIR COMMUNITIES. >> ATTENDEES WERE ABLE TO ASK +GlSjMxn8CwQ-00064-00006119-00006846 FOR THEIR COMMUNITIES. >> ATTENDEES WERE ABLE TO ASK QUESTIONS ABOUT THE PROCESS. +GlSjMxn8CwQ-00065-00006846-00006853 >> ATTENDEES WERE ABLE TO ASK QUESTIONS ABOUT THE PROCESS. +GlSjMxn8CwQ-00066-00006853-00007030 >> ATTENDEES WERE ABLE TO ASK QUESTIONS ABOUT THE PROCESS. >> AND EXPRESS THE NEED TO GET +GlSjMxn8CwQ-00067-00007030-00007037 QUESTIONS ABOUT THE PROCESS. >> AND EXPRESS THE NEED TO GET +GlSjMxn8CwQ-00068-00007037-00007847 QUESTIONS ABOUT THE PROCESS. >> AND EXPRESS THE NEED TO GET OTHERS INVOLVED IN THE MEETINGS. +GlSjMxn8CwQ-00069-00007847-00007854 >> AND EXPRESS THE NEED TO GET OTHERS INVOLVED IN THE MEETINGS. +GlSjMxn8CwQ-00070-00007854-00007964 >> AND EXPRESS THE NEED TO GET OTHERS INVOLVED IN THE MEETINGS. >> AND FORMAL MEETINGS TO BE +GlSjMxn8CwQ-00071-00007964-00007971 OTHERS INVOLVED IN THE MEETINGS. >> AND FORMAL MEETINGS TO BE +GlSjMxn8CwQ-00072-00007971-00008388 OTHERS INVOLVED IN THE MEETINGS. >> AND FORMAL MEETINGS TO BE HELD IN CASS LAKE AND BENA WILL +GlSjMxn8CwQ-00073-00008388-00008395 >> AND FORMAL MEETINGS TO BE HELD IN CASS LAKE AND BENA WILL +GlSjMxn8CwQ-00074-00008395-00008561 >> AND FORMAL MEETINGS TO BE HELD IN CASS LAKE AND BENA WILL BE FOR TRIBAL RECORDS AND WILL +GlSjMxn8CwQ-00075-00008561-00008568 HELD IN CASS LAKE AND BENA WILL BE FOR TRIBAL RECORDS AND WILL +GlSjMxn8CwQ-00076-00008568-00008835 HELD IN CASS LAKE AND BENA WILL BE FOR TRIBAL RECORDS AND WILL BE SUBMITTED FOR THE +GlSjMxn8CwQ-00077-00008835-00008842 BE FOR TRIBAL RECORDS AND WILL BE SUBMITTED FOR THE +GlSjMxn8CwQ-00078-00008842-00008955 BE FOR TRIBAL RECORDS AND WILL BE SUBMITTED FOR THE ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT. +GlSjMxn8CwQ-00079-00008955-00008962 BE SUBMITTED FOR THE ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT. +GlSjMxn8CwQ-00080-00008962-00009112 BE SUBMITTED FOR THE ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT. >> TONIGHT IS TO GET THE +GlSjMxn8CwQ-00081-00009112-00009119 ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT. >> TONIGHT IS TO GET THE +GlSjMxn8CwQ-00082-00009119-00009252 ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT. >> TONIGHT IS TO GET THE INFORMATION, PONDER YOUR +GlSjMxn8CwQ-00083-00009252-00009259 >> TONIGHT IS TO GET THE INFORMATION, PONDER YOUR +GlSjMxn8CwQ-00084-00009259-00009412 >> TONIGHT IS TO GET THE INFORMATION, PONDER YOUR THOUGHTS, WRITE A STATEMENT AND +GlSjMxn8CwQ-00085-00009412-00009419 INFORMATION, PONDER YOUR THOUGHTS, WRITE A STATEMENT AND +GlSjMxn8CwQ-00086-00009419-00009626 INFORMATION, PONDER YOUR THOUGHTS, WRITE A STATEMENT AND THEN YOU ARE GOING TO MAKE IT IN +GlSjMxn8CwQ-00087-00009626-00009632 THOUGHTS, WRITE A STATEMENT AND THEN YOU ARE GOING TO MAKE IT IN +GlSjMxn8CwQ-00088-00009632-00009662 THOUGHTS, WRITE A STATEMENT AND THEN YOU ARE GOING TO MAKE IT IN FEBRUARY. +GlSjMxn8CwQ-00089-00009662-00009669 THEN YOU ARE GOING TO MAKE IT IN FEBRUARY. +GlSjMxn8CwQ-00090-00009669-00009899 THEN YOU ARE GOING TO MAKE IT IN FEBRUARY. >> LEECH LAKE AND OTHER AREA +GlSjMxn8CwQ-00091-00009899-00009906 FEBRUARY. >> LEECH LAKE AND OTHER AREA +GlSjMxn8CwQ-00092-00009906-00010076 FEBRUARY. >> LEECH LAKE AND OTHER AREA TRIBES HAVE PREVIOUSLY STATED +GlSjMxn8CwQ-00093-00010076-00010083 >> LEECH LAKE AND OTHER AREA TRIBES HAVE PREVIOUSLY STATED +GlSjMxn8CwQ-00094-00010083-00010183 >> LEECH LAKE AND OTHER AREA TRIBES HAVE PREVIOUSLY STATED THEIR OPPOSITION TO THE +GlSjMxn8CwQ-00095-00010183-00010190 TRIBES HAVE PREVIOUSLY STATED THEIR OPPOSITION TO THE +GlSjMxn8CwQ-00096-00010190-00010220 TRIBES HAVE PREVIOUSLY STATED THEIR OPPOSITION TO THE PIPELINE. +GlSjMxn8CwQ-00097-00010220-00010226 THEIR OPPOSITION TO THE PIPELINE. +GlSjMxn8CwQ-00098-00010226-00010460 THEIR OPPOSITION TO THE PIPELINE. IN CASS LAKE, I'M MAL MEYER, +GlSjMxn8CwQ-00099-00010460-00010467 PIPELINE. IN CASS LAKE, I'M MAL MEYER, +GlSjMxn8CwQ-00100-00010467-00010607 PIPELINE. IN CASS LAKE, I'M MAL MEYER, LAKELAND NEWS. +GlYjyToWmq4-00000-00000156-00000348 Red dot~! Extended mag! +GlYjyToWmq4-00001-00000348-00000538 Flash hider! cheek pad! +GlYjyToWmq4-00002-00000538-00000672 [lololol] +GlYjyToWmq4-00003-00000672-00000830 2 x scope left! +GlYjyToWmq4-00004-00000856-00001096 It's hard to make both ends meet, isn't it..? +GlYjyToWmq4-00005-00001096-00001248 Do you need anything? +GlYjyToWmq4-00006-00001248-00001406 It's here. Take it. +GlYjyToWmq4-00007-00001868-00002068 Please Like and Subscribe +GlYjyToWmq4-00008-00002512-00002892 Notification too! +GlYjyToWmq4-00009-00003018-00003156 [Girlbbo is playing random squad again today!] +GlYjyToWmq4-00010-00003156-00003279 Hi~ +GlYjyToWmq4-00011-00003279-00003446 Can you hear me well? +GlYjyToWmq4-00012-00003446-00003597 Yes, I can hear you very well. +GlYjyToWmq4-00013-00003597-00003720 Oh, is it? +GlYjyToWmq4-00014-00003720-00003852 Coco love? +GlYjyToWmq4-00015-00003852-00003970 Ah!!! +GlYjyToWmq4-00016-00003970-00004126 Aren't you a Youtuber?? +GlYjyToWmq4-00017-00004134-00004258 [She's a BJ...!] No. i'm not! +GlYjyToWmq4-00018-00004258-00004486 Huh? Wait..! I think she is .. +GlYjyToWmq4-00019-00004486-00004594 The woman!! +GlYjyToWmq4-00020-00004604-00004746 I know she's a woman. +GlYjyToWmq4-00021-00004746-00004822 Right lol +GlYjyToWmq4-00022-00004822-00004902 No x3!! +GlYjyToWmq4-00023-00004902-00005016 Girlbbo?! +GlYjyToWmq4-00024-00005016-00005192 She's not Girlbbo! Let's go Lakawi! +GlYjyToWmq4-00025-00005192-00005374 Her voice resembles that of Girbbo. +GlYjyToWmq4-00026-00005374-00005516 I've heard that a few times. +GlYjyToWmq4-00027-00005516-00005692 Wait....I think she's Girlbbo! +GlYjyToWmq4-00028-00005730-00005906 No. i'm not.. +GlYjyToWmq4-00029-00005924-00006124 Okay...I won't do it anymore. +GlYjyToWmq4-00030-00006124-00006282 I think you will be angry soon. +GlYjyToWmq4-00031-00006282-00006454 It makes me feel bad. +GlYjyToWmq4-00032-00006472-00006636 Because you said I looked like her... +GlYjyToWmq4-00033-00006680-00006880 Isn't she a pretentious person? +GlYjyToWmq4-00034-00006922-00007080 I think you're.. +GlYjyToWmq4-00035-00007080-00007214 I think this is her. +GlYjyToWmq4-00036-00007223-00007520 I watched her video in my sleep again today. +GlYjyToWmq4-00037-00007520-00007676 [lololol] +GlYjyToWmq4-00038-00007678-00007878 (lololol Everybody knows you lol) +GlYjyToWmq4-00039-00007904-00008040 I became famous.... +GlYjyToWmq4-00040-00008040-00008238 I am having a hard time because of Corona these days... +GlYjyToWmq4-00041-00008238-00008490 I can't go outside... +GlYjyToWmq4-00042-00008492-00008692 (You don't always go out.) +GlYjyToWmq4-00043-00008702-00008920 It's hard to breathe with a mask on. +GlYjyToWmq4-00044-00008920-00009166 Where is your hometown? -Busan! +GlYjyToWmq4-00045-00009428-00009628 I'm Busan too! -Oh really~? +GlYjyToWmq4-00046-00009850-00010046 Mask is too expensive~ +GlYjyToWmq4-00047-00010046-00010228 [That's flare gun~!] +GlYjyToWmq4-00048-00010236-00010358 Hey! +GlYjyToWmq4-00049-00010358-00010622 I got a flare gun! +GlYjyToWmq4-00050-00010622-00010816 lololol +GlYjyToWmq4-00051-00010816-00010910 Are you laughing? +GlYjyToWmq4-00052-00010918-00011194 Not blare gun lol, Flare gun! +GlYjyToWmq4-00053-00011194-00011392 Flare gun! +GlYjyToWmq4-00054-00011404-00011644 [It's a little awkward. lol] +GlYjyToWmq4-00055-00011648-00011892 Her dialect is strange. lol +GlYjyToWmq4-00056-00011892-00012052 Flare gun! +GlYjyToWmq4-00057-00012164-00012458 Why are you doing this to me? we are same Busan! +GlYjyToWmq4-00058-00012508-00012841 Blueberry smoothie~ +GlYjyToWmq4-00059-00013096-00013296 That's him, He's that! +GlYjyToWmq4-00060-00013304-00013526 How can you pronounce blueberry smoothie in Seoul accent? +GlYjyToWmq4-00061-00013540-00013672 Isn't there anyone here Seoul people? +GlYjyToWmq4-00062-00013774-00013913 I don't think so.. +GlYjyToWmq4-00063-00013919-00014102 Show me! -Blueberry smoothie! +GlYjyToWmq4-00064-00014134-00014388 [He's just Busan people lol] +GlYjyToWmq4-00065-00014410-00014647 No, no Busan is Blueberry smoothie! +GlYjyToWmq4-00066-00014674-00014760 Seoul is... +GlYjyToWmq4-00067-00014760-00014890 Blueberry smoothie! +GlYjyToWmq4-00068-00014890-00014982 It's same. +GlYjyToWmq4-00069-00014991-00015191 Was it the same? Ahh.. failure~ +GlYjyToWmq4-00070-00015208-00015408 Are you saying it's the same? +GlYjyToWmq4-00071-00015594-00015794 Red dot~! Extended mag! +GlYjyToWmq4-00072-00015794-00015974 Flash hider! cheek pad! +GlYjyToWmq4-00073-00015974-00016100 [lololol] +GlYjyToWmq4-00074-00016100-00016258 2 x scope left! +GlYjyToWmq4-00075-00016258-00016526 It's hard to make both ends meet, isn't it..? +GlYjyToWmq4-00076-00016526-00016674 Do you need anything? +GlYjyToWmq4-00077-00016674-00016826 It's here. Take it. +GlYjyToWmq4-00078-00016826-00017120 Take it.?? lolol +GlYjyToWmq4-00079-00017140-00017334 Who wants to use the flare gun? +GlYjyToWmq4-00080-00017334-00017480 lolololol +GlYjyToWmq4-00081-00017480-00017704 (She enjoyed her dialect. lolol) Here, flare gun! +GlYjyToWmq4-00082-00017704-00017900 Will it come if I call now? +GlYjyToWmq4-00083-00017900-00018074 Tank is coming. +GlYjyToWmq4-00084-00018110-00018198 Tank~ +GlYjyToWmq4-00085-00018422-00018622 You're acting cute, too. +GlYjyToWmq4-00086-00018658-00018912 Is this cute?? What are you talking about? +GlYjyToWmq4-00087-00018914-00019018 Girlbbo! +GlYjyToWmq4-00088-00019018-00019132 I'm not! +GlYjyToWmq4-00089-00019132-00019436 I'm your subscriber lol, and i saw your ID... +GlYjyToWmq4-00090-00019436-00019608 [Pretends not to be a Girlbbo] No, I'm not! +GlYjyToWmq4-00091-00019850-00020050 I think she said Coco. +GlYjyToWmq4-00092-00020054-00020496 Coco in my ID is a brown poodle. +GlYjyToWmq4-00093-00020496-00020710 (He played YouTube and checked it out.) +GlYjyToWmq4-00094-00020710-00020974 Her ID is Coco Love. She's real Girlbbo! +GlYjyToWmq4-00095-00021290-00021490 [That's Girlbbo!! lol] +GlYjyToWmq4-00096-00021730-00021930 I'm your subscriber!! +GlYjyToWmq4-00097-00022260-00022460 Laughter is just like her! lol +GlYjyToWmq4-00098-00022558-00023084 [Please, pretend you don't know.] You should have pretended not to know me when I said i'm not. +GlYjyToWmq4-00099-00023086-00023286 I used dialect very hard... +GlYjyToWmq4-00100-00023310-00023532 I remember this because... +GlYjyToWmq4-00101-00023548-00024058 One day, when someone asked you why you're acting cute, +GlYjyToWmq4-00102-00024064-00024384 I scolded him while chatting. +GlYjyToWmq4-00103-00024390-00024738 [He was a viewer who protected her....] +GlYjyToWmq4-00104-00024738-00024932 I guess my voice sounded cute to him. +GlYjyToWmq4-00105-00024950-00025088 This is my original voice... +GlYjyToWmq4-00106-00025140-00025200 Are you laughing? +GlYjyToWmq4-00107-00025200-00025366 Who ? Who laughed? +GlYjyToWmq4-00108-00025366-00025788 I heard Girlbbo's not pretending to be cute, always cute. +GlYjyToWmq4-00109-00025816-00026300 [Ah~ this??~] Girlbbo's not pretending to be cute, was born cute! +GlYjyToWmq4-00110-00026310-00026604 (Original reaction) +GlYjyToWmq4-00111-00026604-00026826 Girlbbo's not pretending to be pretty! +GlYjyToWmq4-00112-00026845-00027102 Was born pretty! +GlYjyToWmq4-00113-00027154-00027438 If you tell me it's pretending to be pretty..... +GlYjyToWmq4-00114-00027526-00027692 Girlbbo's upset! +GlYjyToWmq4-00115-00028142-00028280 It's not like that~! +GlYjyToWmq4-00116-00028280-00028410 How do you do it? +GlYjyToWmq4-00117-00028410-00028722 Girlbbo's not pretending to be cute! +GlYjyToWmq4-00118-00028754-00028862 [Hey, Cover your ears!!] +GlYjyToWmq4-00119-00028882-00029018 I'm sorry! +GlYjyToWmq4-00120-00029052-00029142 Sorry x3 +GlYjyToWmq4-00121-00029142-00029380 (If i were you, I'll kill him) +GlYjyToWmq4-00122-00029392-00029689 (lolololol) You're not in a PC room, are you? +GlYjyToWmq4-00123-00029726-00029974 Hey, subscribe to her! +GlYjyToWmq4-00124-00029974-00030183 She was on my main screen every day. +GlYjyToWmq4-00125-00030183-00030382 Like and~! +GlYjyToWmq4-00126-00030382-00030494 Like and Subscribe! +GlYjyToWmq4-00127-00030638-00030806 Ouch!!! +GlYjyToWmq4-00128-00030954-00031124 [Real subscriber lol] +GlYjyToWmq4-00129-00031124-00031276 Do you know why she yell "Ouch"? +GlYjyToWmq4-00130-00031276-00031392 Ah! I know that! +GlYjyToWmq4-00131-00031392-00031468 What? +GlYjyToWmq4-00132-00031468-00031616 The cat bit ! +GlYjyToWmq4-00133-00031616-00031788 Oh~~ Pass~~ +GlYjyToWmq4-00134-00031788-00032100 Pass~~ But you have to subscribe! Subscribe is important. +GlYjyToWmq4-00135-00032116-00032316 It's like begging, not subscribing... +GlYjyToWmq4-00136-00032342-00032682 [Got caught ! lol] +GlYjyToWmq4-00137-00032832-00033114 Shouldn't we take a car to get there? +GlYjyToWmq4-00138-00033182-00033430 Shall I call the tank here? +GlYjyToWmq4-00139-00033430-00033628 Let's call the tank here and stay house! +GlYjyToWmq4-00140-00033746-00033974 (Call tank) Oh~~ Cool! x2 +GlYjyToWmq4-00141-00034112-00034290 Are you on air..? +GlYjyToWmq4-00142-00034404-00034604 No.!! +GlYjyToWmq4-00143-00034614-00034924 Girlbbo's not pretending to be cute! +GlYjyToWmq4-00144-00034924-00035138 Of course I'm not on air now. +GlYjyToWmq4-00145-00035138-00035264 No. 1 ! +GlYjyToWmq4-00146-00035308-00035532 [Meaningful lol] +GlYjyToWmq4-00147-00035532-00035718 Can i post it on Youtube?! +GlYjyToWmq4-00148-00035718-00036008 No x2 That's why I told you I said no! lol +GlYjyToWmq4-00149-00036008-00036154 Please~~ -You can post it! +GlYjyToWmq4-00150-00036322-00036644 Your friend said can post it on YouTube. -No ~~ +GlYjyToWmq4-00151-00036658-00036834 [Lawful consent lol] +GlYjyToWmq4-00152-00036834-00037110 I was so embarrassed that I threw away the red-dot... +GlYjyToWmq4-00153-00037110-00037256 But I'm not friends with No. 4! +GlYjyToWmq4-00154-00037276-00037416 So what is it? Is it his brother? +GlYjyToWmq4-00155-00037572-00037772 I met him in duo today! +GlYjyToWmq4-00156-00037944-00038202 I think we have to cross.. +GlYjyToWmq4-00157-00038246-00038496 I'll go to No.2 ping island. +GlYjyToWmq4-00158-00038526-00038728 [Going to get position!] +GlYjyToWmq4-00159-00038966-00039254 What is your mouse sensitivity? +GlYjyToWmq4-00160-00039276-00039476 1600 DPI! +GlYjyToWmq4-00161-00039490-00039756 I saw your reaction speed too fast! +GlYjyToWmq4-00162-00039756-00039912 She's too fast! +GlYjyToWmq4-00163-00039912-00040076 I'm good at finding enemies! +GlYjyToWmq4-00164-00040114-00040326 She screams and kills. +GlYjyToWmq4-00165-00040332-00040914 [Like this ? lolol] +GlYjyToWmq4-00166-00041246-00041446 And she says "I'm sorry~" lol] +GlYjyToWmq4-00167-00041530-00041648 Same lol. +GlYjyToWmq4-00168-00041648-00041810 She does a lot of bad things! +GlYjyToWmq4-00169-00042046-00042298 Why are you messing with me? I'm gonna step on the body. +GlYjyToWmq4-00170-00042718-00042918 (Knows very well? lol) +GlYjyToWmq4-00171-00043504-00043634 Pray! +GlYjyToWmq4-00172-00043664-00043838 Are you praying? Let's pray together! +GlYjyToWmq4-00173-00043838-00043954 Pray meta..? +GlYjyToWmq4-00174-00044032-00044216 God, let me eat chicken... +GlYjyToWmq4-00175-00044426-00044626 Let me eat chicken... +GlYjyToWmq4-00176-00045126-00045326 We have to go up! +GlYjyToWmq4-00177-00045430-00045876 [Moving into the circle!] +GlYjyToWmq4-00178-00047188-00047388 Run !! +GlYjyToWmq4-00179-00048012-00048150 Faint one! +GlYjyToWmq4-00180-00048676-00048826 It's rolling. +GlYjyToWmq4-00181-00048836-00048928 I'm scared! +GlYjyToWmq4-00182-00049114-00049266 Nice smoke bomb! +GlYjyToWmq4-00183-00049804-00050004 Magnetic field is coming! +GlYjyToWmq4-00184-00050286-00050472 They're fighting each other! +GlYjyToWmq4-00185-00050472-00050678 We can go to the leftside! +GlYjyToWmq4-00186-00050704-00050898 Ah..I cant...because there's a man in the left upside.. +GlYjyToWmq4-00187-00051312-00051420 Top! +GlYjyToWmq4-00188-00052602-00052802 On the stone! +GlYjyToWmq4-00189-00053190-00053305 Oh my.. +GlYjyToWmq4-00190-00053305-00053426 Hold!! x2 Just wait! +GlYjyToWmq4-00191-00053429-00053582 Play slowly~ +GlYjyToWmq4-00192-00053802-00054002 You don't have to save me. Play slowly! +GlYjyToWmq4-00193-00054002-00054186 They all have to come down anyway. +GlYjyToWmq4-00194-00054258-00054578 I think we'll win if none of us dies. +GlYjyToWmq4-00195-00054786-00054917 Left tree! +GlYjyToWmq4-00196-00054917-00055034 The tree in front of me! +GlYjyToWmq4-00197-00055060-00055294 Here No.2 ping tree! +GlYjyToWmq4-00198-00056096-00056205 Low energy! +GlYjyToWmq4-00199-00056778-00057112 [Wow~~ Chicken Nice~!] +GlYjyToWmq4-00200-00057622-00057822 Thank you for your efforts~~ +GlYjyToWmq4-00201-00058136-00058336 Thank you~~Bye~~ +GlYjyToWmq4-00202-00058914-00059114 Wasn't it fun? +H130PRSZyQQ-00000-00000162-00000425 >> Court of Law. +H130PRSZyQQ-00001-00000468-00001600 The place where a trial takes place and legal issues are settled. +H3UyOLduFHg-00000-00000000-00000577 Core Killer Routine Day 7 (Same weight) +H3UyOLduFHg-00001-00000602-00001084 Hello, this is Jiny from Jiny Diet V^_^V +H3UyOLduFHg-00002-00001084-00001232 Hello~! +H3UyOLduFHg-00003-00001232-00001629 What is your biggest concern regarding your core? +H3UyOLduFHg-00004-00001629-00001758 Lower Belly Pooch! +H3UyOLduFHg-00005-00001758-00001846 Love handles! +H3UyOLduFHg-00006-00001846-00001941 Straight linear waists! +H3UyOLduFHg-00007-00001941-00002135 Weak core that hurts your back! +H3UyOLduFHg-00008-00002135-00002267 Torso without ab lines! +H3UyOLduFHg-00009-00002267-00002545 Today, I will introduce a routine that will solve all these problems! +H3UyOLduFHg-00010-00002545-00002749 This is the “Core Killer” Routine! +H3UyOLduFHg-00011-00002749-00002822 A-PPLAUSE! +H3UyOLduFHg-00012-00002822-00002991 ***clap clap clap clap clap*** +H3UyOLduFHg-00013-00003006-00003281 Now, the results that you will already be anticipating from this routine! +H3UyOLduFHg-00014-00003281-00003431 1. It will tighten the top of your belly! +H3UyOLduFHg-00015-00003431-00003635 2. It will also smoothen out your lower belly! +H3UyOLduFHg-00016-00003635-00003812 3. It will burn the fat throughout your core! +H3UyOLduFHg-00017-00003812-00004134 4. It will curve out straight waists into an hourglass shape! +H3UyOLduFHg-00018-00004134-00004387 5. Guaranteed core to balance out your body! +H3UyOLduFHg-00019-00004387-00004838 6. This depends on the person but you will be able to achieve pretty ab lines! +H3UyOLduFHg-00020-00004838-00004933 Salute! (Jiny will take care of the abs of her subscribers) +H3UyOLduFHg-00021-00004933-00005547 For this routine, I put myself to the test for 7 days as I haven’t been doing a lot of ab workouts +H3UyOLduFHg-00022-00005547-00005920 You’ve seen the real before and after from the preview, right? +H3UyOLduFHg-00023-00005920-00006112 This is REAL, guys! +H3UyOLduFHg-00024-00006112-00006539 My weight remained the same but this drastic change occurred! +H3UyOLduFHg-00025-00006539-00006828 So I hope you can be motivated from this proven effect! +H3UyOLduFHg-00026-00006828-00006978 Get motivated! +H3UyOLduFHg-00027-00006978-00007158 And let’s get right to the first set of the workout! +H3UyOLduFHg-00028-00007158-00007322 Let’s go!!! +H3UyOLduFHg-00029-00007524-00007729 We will now begin the workout +H3UyOLduFHg-00030-00007787-00008198 Each movement will be for 20 seconds each +H3UyOLduFHg-00031-00008253-00008585 Lie comfortably on the mat with your hands behind your head +H3UyOLduFHg-00032-00008585-00008840 Keep your knees together +H3UyOLduFHg-00033-00008907-00009402 Maintain the strength to keep your knees together +H3UyOLduFHg-00034-00009466-00009986 This is a very important point for the efficacy and accuracy of today’s workouts +H3UyOLduFHg-00035-00009986-00010333 Please concentrate on keeping your knees together! +H3UyOLduFHg-00036-00010915-00011458 With the strength to keep your knees together, slightly tilt your pelvis as shown +H3UyOLduFHg-00037-00011458-00011950 Inhale as you tilt backwards and exhale as you tilt forwards +H3UyOLduFHg-00038-00012005-00012580 When you tilt forwards, try to feel the sensation below your glutes +H3UyOLduFHg-00039-00012650-00013159 Throughout the movement, ensure your knees are kept together +H3UyOLduFHg-00040-00013278-00013705 Keep your knees together and your pelvis tilted forwards +H3UyOLduFHg-00041-00013705-00014007 Exhale as you lift your torso into a crunch +H3UyOLduFHg-00042-00014085-00014517 Inhale as you lower yourself and exhale as you come back up +H3UyOLduFHg-00043-00014606-00015263 Make sure your knees are together and pelvis is tilted as you lift yourself +H3UyOLduFHg-00044-00015735-00016054 This time, lift your torso diagonally +H3UyOLduFHg-00045-00016094-00016418 Exhale as you lift your body towards one side +H3UyOLduFHg-00046-00016418-00016768 Exhale again as you lift your torso towards the other side +H3UyOLduFHg-00047-00016821-00017188 While you raise your torso, make sure your stomach does not bulge +H3UyOLduFHg-00048-00017188-00017549 Engage your core and try to keep it as flat as possible +H3UyOLduFHg-00049-00018223-00018805 Place your head back on the mat in the original position with your right leg in a right angle +H3UyOLduFHg-00050-00018877-00019162 From here, we will practice the pelvic tilt +H3UyOLduFHg-00051-00019162-00019677 Exhale as you tilt backwards and inhale as you tilt forwards +H3UyOLduFHg-00052-00019784-00020108 We will continue to practice the pelvic tilt +H3UyOLduFHg-00053-00020108-00020732 This is a very important point to use your entire core so please concentrate on your pelvis! +H3UyOLduFHg-00054-00021289-00021900 Tilting your pelvis forwards, exhale as you lift your core +H3UyOLduFHg-00055-00021945-00022230 Try to lift your torso as much as possible +H3UyOLduFHg-00056-00022230-00022622 At the same time, try to keep your stomach as flat as possible +H3UyOLduFHg-00057-00023371-00023767 Right away, lift your torso towards the right +H3UyOLduFHg-00058-00023808-00024381 Make sure you’re not using your trapezius muscles and try to twist your body as much as possible +H3UyOLduFHg-00059-00025567-00025897 Place your head on the mat in the original position +H3UyOLduFHg-00060-00025897-00026126 Bring your left leg into a right angle +H3UyOLduFHg-00061-00026186-00026436 From here, we will practice the pelvic tilt +H3UyOLduFHg-00062-00026473-00026988 Inhale as you tilt forwards and exhale as you tilt backwards +H3UyOLduFHg-00063-00027060-00027689 As you repeat this movement, try to feel the sensation around your glutes and your core +H3UyOLduFHg-00064-00028233-00028840 Tilting your pelvis forwards, exhale as you lift your core +H3UyOLduFHg-00065-00028840-00029125 Try to lift your torso as much as possible +H3UyOLduFHg-00066-00029125-00029517 At the same time, try to keep your stomach as flat as possible +H3UyOLduFHg-00067-00030645-00031041 Right away, lift your torso towards the left +H3UyOLduFHg-00068-00031082-00031654 It’s not just moving your elbows diagonally but your entire torso as well +H3UyOLduFHg-00069-00033103-00033646 This time, revert to the original position and place both feet in a right angle +H3UyOLduFHg-00070-00033710-00034295 It will be similar to the previous movements but it will now use your core by two folds +H3UyOLduFHg-00071-00034357-00034823 Similarly, we will stay in this position while squeezing your knees together +H3UyOLduFHg-00072-00034881-00035216 Keep your knees right above your pelvis +H3UyOLduFHg-00073-00035241-00035655 If it’s too difficult, it’s okay to bring it closer to your face +H3UyOLduFHg-00074-00035820-00036274 Remember to keep squeezing your knees together as you tilt your pelvis +H3UyOLduFHg-00075-00036314-00036820 Inhale as you tilt backwards and exhale as you tilt forwards +H3UyOLduFHg-00076-00036861-00037340 The more you squeeze your knees together along with the pelvic tilt +H3UyOLduFHg-00077-00037340-00037619 This will further help flatten your lower tummy! +H3UyOLduFHg-00078-00038091-00038573 Sustaining the previous movement, exhale as you lift your upper body +H3UyOLduFHg-00079-00038626-00039032 The point here is even if your stomach bulges as you lift your body +H3UyOLduFHg-00080-00039032-00039372 Continue to try to press your stomach flatter +H3UyOLduFHg-00081-00039372-00039692 In order to fully engage all the muscles in your core +H3UyOLduFHg-00082-00040285-00040792 With the same breathing patterns, lift your body diagonally +H3UyOLduFHg-00083-00040834-00041197 Exhale as you flatten your tummy! Remember this! +H3UyOLduFHg-00084-00042679-00043068 This time, keep both legs at a right angle with a forward pelvic tilt +H3UyOLduFHg-00085-00043068-00043456 With your upper body raised, we will start the movement +H3UyOLduFHg-00086-00043536-00043892 Exhale as you straighten each leg one by one +H3UyOLduFHg-00087-00043980-00044436 Inhale as you come back and exhale as you extend your legs +H3UyOLduFHg-00088-00044474-00045068 Even if your legs may be moving, remember to keep your pelvis tilted forwards +H3UyOLduFHg-00089-00045952-00046359 Moving forward, twist your upper body diagonally along with the leg movements +H3UyOLduFHg-00090-00046413-00046993 As you extend your right leg, lift the right side of your upper body towards your left knee +H3UyOLduFHg-00091-00046993-00047565 Just like before, make sure you continue to flatten your tummy as you exhale +H3UyOLduFHg-00092-00048032-00048395 This time, we will add a slight weight to your core +H3UyOLduFHg-00093-00048415-00048927 Keep your legs at a right angle as you gently place your hands on your knees lifting your body +H3UyOLduFHg-00094-00048927-00049310 Stay in this position where your knees and hands are pushing against each other +H3UyOLduFHg-00095-00049310-00049572 Remember to keep your forward pelvic tilt +H3UyOLduFHg-00096-00049624-00050173 The stronger you push against your knees, the stronger your core will be +H3UyOLduFHg-00097-00050221-00050555 This time, we will push against each leg one by one +H3UyOLduFHg-00098-00050598-00051221 On your exhale, extend your legs and resist against your hands +H3UyOLduFHg-00099-00051237-00051613 Try to keep your upper body raised as much as possible +H3UyOLduFHg-00100-00052188-00052690 For the next movement, we will change the position to engage the entire core +H3UyOLduFHg-00101-00052729-00053073 Place your elbows on the mat as demonstrated +H3UyOLduFHg-00102-00053092-00053428 Exhale as you raise your torso +H3UyOLduFHg-00103-00053508-00053768 Inhale as your ears get closer to your shoulders +H3UyOLduFHg-00104-00053768-00054060 Exhale as your ears get away from your shoulders +H3UyOLduFHg-00105-00054100-00054561 In the next few movements, if it gets too hard you might start using your shoulders +H3UyOLduFHg-00106-00054561-00054953 But remember to keep your shoulders lowered at all times :) +H3UyOLduFHg-00107-00055433-00055847 While lowering your shoulders, lift your legs +H3UyOLduFHg-00108-00055847-00056047 Maintain the strength to flatten your stomach +H3UyOLduFHg-00109-00056076-00056493 In this position, exhale as you straighten your legs +H3UyOLduFHg-00110-00056728-00057272 Inhale as you fold and exhale as you extend your legs straight into the sky +H3UyOLduFHg-00111-00058438-00058852 This time, exhale as you lower each leg one by one +H3UyOLduFHg-00112-00058875-00059319 Inhale as you bring it back and exhale as you lower the extended leg +H3UyOLduFHg-00113-00059355-00059933 Remember to lower your shoulders and engage your core at all times! +H3UyOLduFHg-00114-00060879-00061544 An upgrade! Exhale as you lower each leg to draw a circle +H3UyOLduFHg-00115-00061618-00062278 As demonstrated, exhale as you lower your legs to draw a large circle +H3UyOLduFHg-00116-00062907-00063466 Bring your legs back together and exhale as you lower them together +H3UyOLduFHg-00117-00063466-00063968 Lower your legs to the point you feel like you’re about to fall then raise them back again +H3UyOLduFHg-00118-00065376-00065787 We will continue to use your core strength and balance +H3UyOLduFHg-00119-00065815-00066344 Keep your legs lifted together with your hands behind your knees as you flatten your stomach +H3UyOLduFHg-00120-00066344-00066673 Slowly raise your feet to the level of your knees +H3UyOLduFHg-00121-00066673-00067108 Stay in the position where your back remains the straightest +H3UyOLduFHg-00122-00067405-00067862 From here, exhale as you extend your knees +H3UyOLduFHg-00123-00067862-00068411 It’s okay if you can’t fully extend your knees but even a little will do +H3UyOLduFHg-00124-00069459-00070064 With your knees fully extended, extend your arms and stay in this position as you engage your core +H3UyOLduFHg-00125-00070108-00070760 If it’s difficult to extend your knees, it’s okay to have them slightly lowered +H3UyOLduFHg-00126-00070782-00070960 It’s okay even if it’s lower +H3UyOLduFHg-00127-00071484-00071908 With your legs extended, roll your back slowly to the mat +H3UyOLduFHg-00128-00071908-00072278 Lift both your arms in the air and stay in this position as you engage your core +H3UyOLduFHg-00129-00072278-00072680 Remember to continue to flatten your tummy! +H3UyOLduFHg-00130-00073736-00074097 From now on, we will be targeting the side of your core (obliques) +H3UyOLduFHg-00131-00074149-00074512 As demonstrated, lie sideways on the mat with your elbow as the anchor +H3UyOLduFHg-00132-00074512-00074766 Fold your lower knee as you prepare for the next movement +H3UyOLduFHg-00133-00074766-00075346 Try to keep a straight line from your ear, shoulder, pelvis and feet +H3UyOLduFHg-00134-00075346-00075827 Exhale as you distance your ears from your shoulders +H3UyOLduFHg-00135-00075870-00076337 Inhale as you bring them closer and exhale as you lower your shoulder +H3UyOLduFHg-00136-00077327-00077889 With your shoulders lowered, exhale as you raise your butt +H3UyOLduFHg-00137-00077889-00078134 At this time, it’s not about how high you raise it +H3UyOLduFHg-00138-00078134-00078593 Just ensure a straight line is maintained between your head, pelvis and feet +H3UyOLduFHg-00139-00079632-00080003 We will stay in this butt raised position +H3UyOLduFHg-00140-00080003-00080567 Push against your elbows and continue to flatten your tummy +H3UyOLduFHg-00141-00081766-00082300 From here, exhale as you lift your butt even higher +H3UyOLduFHg-00142-00082333-00082644 Raise it as high as you can +H3UyOLduFHg-00143-00082689-00083179 Inhale back into a straight line and exhale as you raise it as high as possible +H3UyOLduFHg-00144-00083880-00084395 Gather your legs together as we get into a side plank position +H3UyOLduFHg-00145-00084426-00084719 If you engage your trapezius muscles, your shoulders will begin to sag +H3UyOLduFHg-00146-00084719-00085215 Make sure to continue to lower your shoulders +H3UyOLduFHg-00147-00086459-00086724 We will do the same for the opposite side +H3UyOLduFHg-00148-00086724-00087298 Lie down sideways, anchor yourself with your elbow and fold your lower knees +H3UyOLduFHg-00149-00087348-00087814 Try to keep a straight line from your ear, shoulder, pelvis and feet +H3UyOLduFHg-00150-00087814-00088294 Exhale as you distance your ears from your shoulders +H3UyOLduFHg-00151-00088299-00088897 The strength to do this is extremely important for the accuracy of the next exercise so please focus! +H3UyOLduFHg-00152-00089334-00089896 With your shoulders lowered, exhale as you raise your butt +H3UyOLduFHg-00153-00089896-00090141 At this time, it’s not about how high you raise it +H3UyOLduFHg-00154-00090141-00090600 Just ensure a straight line is maintained between your head, pelvis and feet +H3UyOLduFHg-00155-00091412-00091783 We will stay in this butt raised position +H3UyOLduFHg-00156-00091783-00092265 Push against your elbows and continue to flatten your tummy +H3UyOLduFHg-00157-00093455-00093853 From here, exhale as you lift your butt even higher +H3UyOLduFHg-00158-00093853-00094275 Inhale back into a straight line and exhale as you raise it as high as possible +H3UyOLduFHg-00159-00095597-00096035 Gather your legs together as we get into a side plank position +H3UyOLduFHg-00160-00096035-00096294 If you concentrate on lowering your shoulders +H3UyOLduFHg-00161-00096294-00096698 This will help with forming a pretty shoulder line with nice arms +H3UyOLduFHg-00162-00096751-00097168 Yay! If we were targeting the upper obliques previously +H3UyOLduFHg-00163-00097168-00097557 This time, we will burn the fat from your lower obliques +H3UyOLduFHg-00164-00097937-00098398 With the opposite side, follow the position as demonstrated in the video +H3UyOLduFHg-00165-00098438-00099028 Place your hands on your hips and exhale as you raise your hips and inhale as you lower them +H3UyOLduFHg-00166-00100492-00100737 This time, prepare as you place your hands next to your ears +H3UyOLduFHg-00167-00100737-00101085 Exhale as you slowly tilt towards the side +H3UyOLduFHg-00168-00101146-00101763 Your pelvis will also move and so will the centre from your head, core and pelvis +H3UyOLduFHg-00169-00101783-00102235 This movement will be harder the more you lack stability on your sides +H3UyOLduFHg-00170-00102235-00102567 But this movement won’t cause any trouble so please continue to try +H3UyOLduFHg-00171-00103007-00103281 Stay in the diagonal position +H3UyOLduFHg-00172-00103281-00103581 Raise your hands and stay in this position +H3UyOLduFHg-00173-00103633-00103858 Keep your lower body in this position +H3UyOLduFHg-00174-00103858-00104339 Remember to lower your shoulders as you extend your arms out +H3UyOLduFHg-00175-00105547-00105987 From here, place your lower hands on the floor and lift your other leg +H3UyOLduFHg-00176-00106034-00106724 Make sure your hands to your feet are in a straight line from a bird’s eye view +H3UyOLduFHg-00177-00108084-00108675 Last move! From here, inhale as you raise and lower your top leg +H3UyOLduFHg-00178-00108675-00109214 If you’re about to fall, continue to engage your core and push through the workout! +H3UyOLduFHg-00179-00109244-00109687 By repeating these same moves on the opposite side, we’ll be done with the workout! +H3UyOLduFHg-00180-00109714-00109901 You are almost there! +H3UyOLduFHg-00181-00110285-00110713 On your opposite side, get into the position as demonstrated in the video +H3UyOLduFHg-00182-00110713-00111304 Place your hands on your hips and exhale as you raise your hips and inhale as you lower them +H3UyOLduFHg-00183-00112824-00113069 Place your hands next to your ears +H3UyOLduFHg-00184-00113069-00113418 Exhale as you slowly tilt towards the side +H3UyOLduFHg-00185-00115426-00115757 Stay in the diagonal position +H3UyOLduFHg-00186-00115757-00116164 Raise your hands and stay in this position +H3UyOLduFHg-00187-00117727-00118241 Place your lower hands on the floor and keep your other leg lifted +H3UyOLduFHg-00188-00118293-00118987 Make sure your hands to your feet are in a straight line from a bird’s eye view +H3UyOLduFHg-00189-00120238-00120753 Last move! Inhale as you raise and lower your top leg +H3UyOLduFHg-00190-00120753-00121234 If you’re about to fall, continue to engage your core and push through the workout! +H3UyOLduFHg-00191-00122325-00122487 You’ve done well :) +H3UyOLduFHg-00192-00122499-00122567 *CLAP CLAP CLAP* +H3UyOLduFHg-00193-00122567-00122607 A- +H3UyOLduFHg-00194-00122607-00122700 -PPLAUSE +H3UyOLduFHg-00195-00122700-00122779 TO! +H3UyOLduFHg-00196-00122779-00122829 YOU! +H3UyOLduFHg-00197-00122829-00123017 YAY! To all of you!! +H3UyOLduFHg-00198-00123017-00123151 *CLAP CLAP CLAP* :) +H3UyOLduFHg-00199-00123151-00123551 You’ve done SO well! My subscribers are the BEST! +H3UyOLduFHg-00200-00123620-00123775 Compliments help you do more! :) +H3UyOLduFHg-00201-00123775-00124032 The core is the centre of our bodies +H3UyOLduFHg-00202-00124032-00124424 This routine is not only effective physically +H3UyOLduFHg-00203-00124424-00124719 It’s also great at stabilizing the balance in your core! +H3UyOLduFHg-00204-00124719-00124934 It’s also great for your digestion! +H3UyOLduFHg-00205-00124934-00125288 So if you happened to be concerned about your weak core +H3UyOLduFHg-00206-00125288-00125558 Or if you wanted to stabilize your core balance +H3UyOLduFHg-00207-00125558-00126037 Or if you use your joints too much for other exercises +H3UyOLduFHg-00208-00126037-00126649 For those with these thoughts, follow my journey to do one set of this routine everyday for a week! +H3UyOLduFHg-00209-00126649-00127013 One set of this routine is enough for a day’s worth of a core workout! +H3UyOLduFHg-00210-00127013-00127307 For anything beyond that, if you want to do more ab workouts +H3UyOLduFHg-00211-00127307-00127550 There are a lot of different types of ab workouts in my channel +H3UyOLduFHg-00212-00127550-00127740 So you can mix and match according to your needs +H3UyOLduFHg-00213-00127740-00128224 I highly recommend you to try this routine everyday for a week! +H3UyOLduFHg-00214-00128224-00128610 Now, this has been Jiny from Jiny Diet V^o^V +H3UyOLduFHg-00215-00128741-00128925 Bye for now~! +H3UyOLduFHg-00216-00128925-00129112 Veeee! v^^v Sending love to all my subscribers! +H5E3TP3AWwQ-00000-00000747-00001025 W7OM +H5E3TP3AWwQ-00001-00002175-00002413 N9UA +H5E3TP3AWwQ-00002-00003507-00003750 N3RS +H5E3TP3AWwQ-00003-00004876-00005135 K5RC +H5E3TP3AWwQ-00004-00006203-00006433 N8II +H5E3TP3AWwQ-00005-00007625-00007885 K1DJ +H5E3TP3AWwQ-00006-00009090-00009351 N2WK +H5E3TP3AWwQ-00007-00010509-00010779 W4HG +H5E3TP3AWwQ-00008-00011863-00012109 N9SE +H5E3TP3AWwQ-00009-00013228-00013459 N2SO +H5E3TP3AWwQ-00010-00014707-00014993 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+H5E3TP3AWwQ-00494-00703435-00703693 K0PV +H5E3TP3AWwQ-00495-00704987-00705242 K2CJ +H5E3TP3AWwQ-00496-00706440-00706707 K1IR +H5E3TP3AWwQ-00497-00707889-00708152 W3KB +H5E3TP3AWwQ-00498-00709334-00709594 K1TL +H5E3TP3AWwQ-00499-00710706-00710947 N4DD +H6yuem2gsS4-00000-00000000-00000212 If you're an adult Kaiser Permanente member, +H6yuem2gsS4-00001-00000212-00000508 you may have seen information about the Kaiser Permanente +H6yuem2gsS4-00002-00000508-00000827 Research Bank in KP clinics or you might have received +H6yuem2gsS4-00003-00000827-00001084 an invitation to join. +H6yuem2gsS4-00004-00001084-00001312 Kaiser Permanente Research Bank participants +H6yuem2gsS4-00005-00001312-00001560 are helping to change the future of health. +H6yuem2gsS4-00006-00001560-00001984 By signing up online, completing a survey +H6yuem2gsS4-00007-00001984-00002316 and giving a small blood sample at any one of our clinics, +H6yuem2gsS4-00008-00002316-00002548 you help researchers make discoveries +H6yuem2gsS4-00009-00002548-00002840 like finding new treatments or even cures for diseases. +H6yuem2gsS4-00010-00002840-00003252 So what happens to that small blood sample you gave? +H6yuem2gsS4-00011-00003252-00003384 At the end of each day, +H6yuem2gsS4-00012-00003384-00003708 our laboratory staff packages up the sample. +H6yuem2gsS4-00013-00003708-00003984 It's shipped overnight to a secure Kaiser Permanente +H6yuem2gsS4-00014-00003984-00004220 facility in Northern California. +H6yuem2gsS4-00015-00004220-00004640 Your sample is kept safe and secure in a large freezer. +H6yuem2gsS4-00016-00004640-00004940 When a researcher has an idea of something to study, +H6yuem2gsS4-00017-00004940-00005208 like looking at a molecule that might be involved in asthma +H6yuem2gsS4-00018-00005208-00005536 or looking at diabetes in a certain group, +H6yuem2gsS4-00019-00005536-00005956 they ask for permission to use some of the stored samples. +H6yuem2gsS4-00020-00005956-00006340 Your sample is only used for approved studies.
 +H6yuem2gsS4-00021-00006340-00006652 Researchers need thousands of samples to make discoveries, +H6yuem2gsS4-00022-00006652-00006892 so every sample matters!
 +H6yuem2gsS4-00023-00006892-00007176 The more people who join the KP Research Bank, +H6yuem2gsS4-00024-00007176-00007480 the more powerful our information can be. +H6yuem2gsS4-00025-00007480-00007716 There is power in numbers.
 +H6yuem2gsS4-00026-00007716-00008116 Learn more at kp.org/ResearchBank +H6O0eomF1g8-00000-00000000-00000200 on the roof! how did he even get on there. +H6O0eomF1g8-00001-00002243-00002854 Hello Everybody so back a Rainbow six siege i know this may be a little bit different from the normal schedule +H6O0eomF1g8-00002-00002939-00003141 I Want to try to make It up to you guys +H6O0eomF1g8-00003-00003257-00003720 from Two Weeks Ago i Really Should Not account That Against you guys +H6O0eomF1g8-00004-00003784-00003984 Have you Guys do with My problem so +H6O0eomF1g8-00005-00004069-00004311 Last Week was Just for me to try to +H6O0eomF1g8-00006-00004439-00004725 Get used to things Get back into things and Stuff Like That +H6O0eomF1g8-00007-00004826-00005125 so this Week it's all about making Up +H6O0eomF1g8-00008-00005192-00005608 Two Weeks Ago and Like i said i do probably guys about That +H6O0eomF1g8-00009-00005683-00006012 It was Very unfortunate and i hope It never Happens again +H6O0eomF1g8-00010-00006121-00006321 But Let's go and give This guys +H6O0eomF1g8-00011-00006797-00007242 And i have no idea how i Plan on making This up to you guys? +H6O0eomF1g8-00012-00007442-00007577 Like +H6O0eomF1g8-00013-00007577-00007950 I'm thinking like Two videos this week +H6O0eomF1g8-00014-00008042-00008476 in order to make it up to you Guys i have no idea how well i play It but i +H6O0eomF1g8-00015-00008636-00008913 Haven't done two videos for ever so +H6O0eomF1g8-00016-00009059-00009427 This could Really Really Be difficult but I'm going to try my best guys +H6O0eomF1g8-00017-00011242-00011498 I Hate That there's Always Guys in that back Room +H6O0eomF1g8-00018-00011557-00012072 Before he was like no no guys Whatsoever but Now there's like Tons of Guys in there +H6O0eomF1g8-00019-00012196-00012825 I've even had Guys Run in there before and it's such a pain in the ass because There's Like +H6O0eomF1g8-00020-00012955-00013155 hiding behind Walls and Shit +H6O0eomF1g8-00021-00013440-00013984 die you bitch Jesus oh my God +H6O0eomF1g8-00022-00014697-00014897 What the fuck is going on +H6O0eomF1g8-00023-00015641-00015841 Got him That Was Amazing +H6O0eomF1g8-00024-00016008-00016588 I'm sort of getting Really Really Good at This game I'm not an Expert at it but i'm decent +H6O0eomF1g8-00025-00016812-00017246 and I'm starting to get a Little Bit more confident When going into rooms and Stuff Like That +H6O0eomF1g8-00026-00017307-00017809 Before i used to be a little coward and hide outside for the wait for the breathers that come up? +H6O0eomF1g8-00027-00017982-00018199 But I'm getting used to it and +H6O0eomF1g8-00028-00018279-00018479 Sort of you Know +H6O0eomF1g8-00029-00018525-00018794 Going Into Rooms and Charging Pretty Much +H6O0eomF1g8-00030-00018870-00019070 Like i am Now +H6O0eomF1g8-00031-00019092-00019580 And I'm Still at a Hundred Life Which is a improvement from last time oh? +H6O0eomF1g8-00032-00020163-00020813 My God that Is so annoying i don't even know why That's going off oh my God +H6O0eomF1g8-00033-00021078-00021505 If i was a peut-Etre ii would Just Walk right into lap That Would have Been terrible +H6O0eomF1g8-00034-00021825-00022105 okay that was Weird i've never Seen a guy do that before +H6O0eomF1g8-00035-00022915-00023496 I Couldn't Tell What Was coming for Him for a Second uh those are behind me in front of me i really couldn't tell +H6O0eomF1g8-00036-00023656-00024033 There's a Window Over here so and there's also a Door so +H6O0eomF1g8-00037-00024361-00025011 Go ahead and Search The recipe the area down here i can't fucking Speak today i don't know What it is +H6O0eomF1g8-00038-00025639-00025844 okay That's Weird +H6O0eomF1g8-00039-00026194-00026979 Okay there's a Sound of Dripping Water But There's no Water That's so un legit i've never Seen anything like That +H6O0eomF1g8-00040-00027283-00027483 that's just so weird +H6O0eomF1g8-00041-00028357-00028695 Well I guess That's rainbow six logic for you i Mean +H6O0eomF1g8-00042-00029860-00030060 Okay What's that Sound oh? +H6O0eomF1g8-00043-00030258-00030485 It's a glitching Body on the Ground +H6O0eomF1g8-00044-00030664-00030864 What the Fuck +H6O0eomF1g8-00045-00030952-00031299 absolutely Cannot Stand When that happens That's Just so stupid +H6O0eomF1g8-00046-00031366-00031799 Like Just Fix that Shit That's like not legit at All +H6O0eomF1g8-00047-00032155-00032547 so i think we're maybe clear Around Here so let's Go ahead Head up +H6O0eomF1g8-00048-00033558-00033758 Jesus +H6O0eomF1g8-00049-00033774-00034007 Heard Somebody Walking I could tell Where it came From +H6O0eomF1g8-00050-00034149-00034349 Got Him +H6O0eomF1g8-00051-00034437-00035135 Now as you guys can also see the chat icon is gone i finally remember to fix that Shit +H6O0eomF1g8-00052-00035370-00035906 And it's Very Very annoying to me too so i'm glad it's gone +H6O0eomF1g8-00053-00037347-00037901 Got Him right in the Head i couldn't even see him with a Fuck +H6O0eomF1g8-00054-00038319-00038903 This Is so not legit how how is this even possible +H6O0eomF1g8-00055-00039114-00039314 Well That's a Good Thumbnail +H6O0eomF1g8-00056-00039315-00039944 That's so on the Jet This is like Rainbow six logic today like it's so in legit +H6O0eomF1g8-00057-00040146-00040346 All Over the guy in here? +H6O0eomF1g8-00058-00040500-00040796 were over Here fucking Around with Rainbow six logic? +H6O0eomF1g8-00059-00041307-00041930 Okay I about to say i Heard Footsteps i really could Not see where they were coming from +H6O0eomF1g8-00060-00042366-00042566 AnyBody in Here +H6O0eomF1g8-00061-00042651-00042851 No i don't think there is +H6O0eomF1g8-00062-00043017-00043721 have we been in here i don't think so oh yeah we have God this place Is so fucking confusing +H6O0eomF1g8-00063-00043929-00044255 Alright so i believe there's a Basement +H6O0eomF1g8-00064-00044400-00044935 Yeah there is i remember seeing a downstairs so let's go downstairs +H6O0eomF1g8-00065-00045102-00045685 Because That's where i'm assuming all The rest of The Guys are i didn't see him upstairs nor downstairs so +H6O0eomF1g8-00066-00046026-00046796 Well i said that Wrong Guy Should Have Said on like First floor and Second Floor but that Was wrong I'm Sorry Guys? +H6O0eomF1g8-00067-00047031-00047231 you Guys Know What i mean +H6O0eomF1g8-00068-00047879-00048443 Oh my god that is the worst alarm ever +H6O0eomF1g8-00069-00049827-00050182 I've Heard Guys Down here but I'm not sure where they're at +H6O0eomF1g8-00070-00050307-00050755 look At This Gold Oh My god this Looks Amazing +H6O0eomF1g8-00071-00050868-00051068 God i would love to have all This? +H6O0eomF1g8-00072-00051450-00051754 This is dirty ass gold look at This Shit i +H6O0eomF1g8-00073-00051840-00052207 I that gold was more sparkly +H6O0eomF1g8-00074-00052326-00052729 I Don't know it is a video game so look at This +H6O0eomF1g8-00075-00052854-00053054 Wow +H6O0eomF1g8-00076-00053250-00053732 wait a min Why would terrorists be in a bank this makes no sense +H6O0eomF1g8-00077-00053823-00054164 Like What use do they have for This Type of Money +H6O0eomF1g8-00078-00054576-00054776 This is not +H6O0eomF1g8-00079-00055044-00055682 Yeah That doesn't look like Us money i don't know What Kind of Money That is definitely not us money +H6O0eomF1g8-00080-00057041-00057294 okay found The Guy's +H6O0eomF1g8-00081-00057821-00058173 My upper is getting Really Really Wet Right Now +H6O0eomF1g8-00082-00058883-00059262 Nobody's back Here but i wonder how this Happened? +H6O0eomF1g8-00083-00059716-00060037 Really How in the World did this Happen +H6O0eomF1g8-00084-00060251-00060451 I'm so confused +H6O0eomF1g8-00085-00060457-00060657 Like did the like +H6O0eomF1g8-00086-00060704-00061446 Close The Gate When the police car was Here or did like the police car decided to try to like +H6O0eomF1g8-00087-00061523-00061723 Go to the parking garage? +H6O0eomF1g8-00088-00061769-00062322 While the gate Was closing There's two Ways i could Have Actually Happened it'S so confusing +H6O0eomF1g8-00089-00062612-00062964 It definitely Looks Like a Cool cop car i can tell you That +H6O0eomF1g8-00090-00063130-00063544 We Got four Guys Left We Got four guys something over here fucking Around +H6O0eomF1g8-00091-00063901-00064359 But This is more Like Rainbow six logic Here more Than anything Else +H6O0eomF1g8-00092-00064604-00065109 Another Rainbow six logic okay i Just Sit under This and i won't Get wet +H6O0eomF1g8-00093-00065201-00065910 It Doesn't look Like My Characters getting wet at All it's not What sense does that Make like no sense Whatsoever +H6O0eomF1g8-00094-00066242-00066736 Okay were the rest of the four guys Because this ain't make any sense +H6O0eomF1g8-00095-00066944-00067203 There has to be something i haven't Checked yet i +H6O0eomF1g8-00096-00067535-00067735 Swear I've Checked Every Room +H6O0eomF1g8-00097-00068063-00068502 This Is where we Entered Hmm +H6O0eomF1g8-00098-00068911-00069122 There he Goes with that Annoying Buzzard +H6O0eomF1g8-00099-00070033-00070233 Completely Yeah oh? +H6O0eomF1g8-00100-00070444-00070863 Another guy got us with the flashbang Fuck +H6O0eomF1g8-00101-00072470-00072793 Got It Let's Go find a Little corner and hide it +H6O0eomF1g8-00102-00073064-00073477 As it's perfect well not perfect but it's decent +H6O0eomF1g8-00103-00073916-00074218 There's One There's two and +H6O0eomF1g8-00104-00074492-00074692 There's three +H6O0eomF1g8-00105-00074732-00075432 I love hiding The little corner it'S so Funny Let's definitely pay back well on this one Guys? +H6O0eomF1g8-00106-00075629-00076071 Alright Guys so let's go and Get back into this i want to go ahead and mitch and Real quick +H6O0eomF1g8-00107-00076268-00076602 Tuesday a video might Be a Little Bit late and That +H6O0eomF1g8-00108-00076667-00077064 Is because i have a family member going into surgery +H6O0eomF1g8-00109-00077117-00077583 So i don't know how long That's going to be so definitely +H6O0eomF1g8-00110-00077639-00077839 The Heads Up for that i +H6O0eomF1g8-00111-00077879-00078396 Will Definitely Be posting on social media What'S going on so definitely Go over there and Check That out? +H6O0eomF1g8-00112-00078473-00078673 so you guys can Keep Informed +H6O0eomF1g8-00113-00078767-00079306 If there is no video on Tuesday - Guys Know Beforehand and Holy Shit +H6O0eomF1g8-00114-00079637-00079866 That's not something i wanted to do +H6O0eomF1g8-00115-00080321-00080521 on the roof! +H6O0eomF1g8-00116-00080644-00081261 What how did he even get on that What the fuck +H6O0eomF1g8-00117-00081749-00082239 That Was so bullshit Thank god i decided to back Up a little Bit and look outside +H6O0eomF1g8-00118-00082322-00082543 Because i Heard Him right on top of me i Just +H6O0eomF1g8-00119-00082612-00083271 It Just made no sense so i thought hey he could be on the roof and What do u know he's on the fucking Roof +H6O0eomF1g8-00120-00083306-00083506 That's so stupid and Ridiculous +H6O0eomF1g8-00121-00085106-00085306 This Is a Weird entrance +H6O0eomF1g8-00122-00085349-00085602 For Me Because i'm usually like. +H6O0eomF1g8-00123-00085697-00085897 I don't know umm +H6O0eomF1g8-00124-00085898-00086026 like +H6O0eomF1g8-00125-00086026-00086766 Believe Over there or something Because This is a Two-Part building It Like splits for Whatever reason +H6O0eomF1g8-00126-00086851-00087093 I Could Be completely Wrong +H6O0eomF1g8-00127-00087214-00087414 I Don't know +H6O0eomF1g8-00128-00087451-00087651 Jesus I can't shoot today +H6O0eomF1g8-00129-00088238-00088923 Let's Go ahead and Search Over here real quick might as well Listen We Got everything Clear Over here i +H6O0eomF1g8-00130-00089308-00089751 Like Searching Every Room a Certain Is ling's Clear Because i hate Like +H6O0eomF1g8-00131-00089864-00090150 We're trying to find Guys and What not +H6O0eomF1g8-00132-00090524-00090828 Shit i didn't You realize There's Guys in that Room +H6O0eomF1g8-00133-00091415-00091803 Come on Guys im Just came over here to get Refilled come on? +H6O0eomF1g8-00134-00092717-00092917 oh shit +H6O0eomF1g8-00135-00093449-00093684 My God What the hell was that Shit +H6O0eomF1g8-00136-00093773-00094036 I've never Seen That before in my entire? +H6O0eomF1g8-00137-00094121-00094776 Time Playing Rainbow Six age for a Guy little that comes Out of the Room and tries to hunt you down to shoot Your ass +H6O0eomF1g8-00138-00094994-00095194 That Was so Weird +H6O0eomF1g8-00139-00095363-00095646 This weird ass country Music come on +H6O0eomF1g8-00140-00096125-00096480 Okay i know They're trying to find some Uncopyrighted +H6O0eomF1g8-00141-00096551-00097020 Music But They could do a Little Bit better come on and +H6O0eomF1g8-00142-00097118-00097821 I'm not like picking on country Music Listeners i listen to all Kinds of Music That's Just Stupid +H6O0eomF1g8-00143-00097907-00098090 That Music Is so +H6O0eomF1g8-00144-00098090-00098385 So bad it'S so ridiculous +H6O0eomF1g8-00145-00098611-00098811 Oh my God +H6O0eomF1g8-00146-00098827-00099276 It wasn't so fucking well in this corner What the hell Was that Shit? +H6O0eomF1g8-00147-00099352-00099744 It's like How you Below Here i couldn't even see him if i wanted to? +H6O0eomF1g8-00148-00099974-00100189 What the fuck is this room oh? +H6O0eomF1g8-00149-00100331-00100617 you Know What this place is that you're Supposed to be i +H6O0eomF1g8-00150-00101150-00101350 Really Don't Know +H6O0eomF1g8-00151-00101482-00101817 Just Go ahead and continue Searching The area Here? +H6O0eomF1g8-00152-00101906-00102106 We Got a Lot to search oh? +H6O0eomF1g8-00153-00102161-00102361 Not a lot but +H6O0eomF1g8-00154-00102473-00102838 So got quite a Few Rooms Left we Haven't searched Down Here yet? +H6O0eomF1g8-00155-00103217-00103608 Jesus Christ No god Damn it +H6O0eomF1g8-00156-00103841-00104041 Fucking Piece of Shit +H6O0eomF1g8-00157-00104182-00104382 Two can Play At This game Motherfucker +H6O0eomF1g8-00158-00104818-00105018 Got Him! +H6O0eomF1g8-00159-00105197-00105991 That Thunder Was amazing especially Because i where headphones so that Was definitely awesome +H6O0eomF1g8-00160-00106790-00107118 I'm so trying not to die here i don't know what it is +H6O0eomF1g8-00161-00107201-00107631 I'm gonna Attack By so many different locations This is so let's ridiculous +H6O0eomF1g8-00162-00107885-00108482 I shot Him through Whatever This Thing is Supposed to be intresting design i can tell you That +H6O0eomF1g8-00163-00108778-00108978 look At that c4 +H6O0eomF1g8-00164-00109102-00109273 noooo +H6O0eomF1g8-00165-00109273-00109473 What the fuck i +H6O0eomF1g8-00166-00109546-00109988 Didn'T Even Hear any Guys in there whatsoever They like made little Doofus and +H6O0eomF1g8-00167-00110218-00110483 He barely Barely Got the niche of me +H6O0eomF1g8-00168-00110527-00111125 Well That's gonna do It for us today you Guys if you liked the video Hit that like button i see you guys There bye +H8EVRjraCMo-00000-00001176-00002304 Welcome back to the Closing Plenary Session for our December 2021 CNI Meeting and before +H8EVRjraCMo-00001-00002304-00003184 introducing this session i just want to take a minute or two to um +H8EVRjraCMo-00002-00003464-00004168 to uh remind you that in this new and different world we're in now +H8EVRjraCMo-00003-00004280-00004976 it's a little it feels like closing the conference is a little different because the +H8EVRjraCMo-00004-00004976-00005784 conference really spanned two interrelated events a virtual event last week and an in-person event +H8EVRjraCMo-00005-00005984-00006856 that took place over the last two days and in that sense where in the past i would close the +H8EVRjraCMo-00006-00006856-00007456 conference and wish you all safe travels and we would all leave behind what we've done here +H8EVRjraCMo-00007-00007528-00008320 a great deal of our conference is still going to be there waiting to be explored and examined and +H8EVRjraCMo-00008-00008320-00009056 i would invite you in the coming days and weeks as your time and interests allow to continue to +H8EVRjraCMo-00009-00009056-00009824 explore the wealth of materials from the virtual meeting you'll see a number of connections between +H8EVRjraCMo-00010-00009824-00010312 what we've heard and talked about here and what we heard and talked about there +H8EVRjraCMo-00011-00010312-00010976 the two really were designed to complement each other not to not for one to serve as a substitute +H8EVRjraCMo-00012-00011176-00012120 with that i also want to just take a minute to thank people i want to thank all of our presenters +H8EVRjraCMo-00013-00012120-00012856 not just the presenters who've been here in person with us but the presenters who contributed to our +H8EVRjraCMo-00014-00012856-00013624 virtual meeting and even a few virtual presenters that have contributed to this meeting but couldn't +H8EVRjraCMo-00015-00013624-00014336 be here in physical presence so please join me in a round of applause for those folks +H8EVRjraCMo-00016-00014936-00015584 we really we obviously we can't do it without all of those presenters and contributors +H8EVRjraCMo-00017-00015647-00016088 i also just want to take a minute to publicly thank +H8EVRjraCMo-00018-00016088-00017128 the cni team who have worked incredibly hard and had to be incredibly flexible as we've navigated +H8EVRjraCMo-00019-00017128-00017928 our way from in-person to virtual and back to a mixed in-person and virtual environment +H8EVRjraCMo-00020-00018048-00018920 it's been a lot of work and a lot of making it up as we go along and i'm actually just delighted at +H8EVRjraCMo-00021-00018920-00019784 how smoothly everything has gone so i i really think they deserve a big round of applause +H8EVRjraCMo-00022-00020520-00021576 and with that let me turn to our closing plenary this is really something quite extraordinary i +H8EVRjraCMo-00023-00021576-00022408 think and i hope you'll agree after you see it i started hearing about this project shortly after +H8EVRjraCMo-00024-00022408-00023072 the pandemic hit when we started doing a series of executive roundtables trying to understand +H8EVRjraCMo-00025-00023160-00023704 research resilience and the effects of the pandemic on the research enterprise and +H8EVRjraCMo-00026-00023824-00024640 keith pointed me at what what at that point was a very early um uh set of conversations between +H8EVRjraCMo-00027-00024712-00025720 carnegie mellon and the emerald cloud lab which is a company out in the bay area that was founded by +H8EVRjraCMo-00028-00025720-00026712 a couple of carnegie mellon graduates and since then the project has grown in ambition i think +H8EVRjraCMo-00029-00026783-00027304 and really genuinely turned into something quite extraordinary as you'll hear +H8EVRjraCMo-00030-00027624-00028183 keith and his colleagues at carnegie mellon have been incredibly kind to +H8EVRjraCMo-00031-00028280-00028895 allow me an opportunity to get somewhat familiar with the details of the project +H8EVRjraCMo-00032-00028960-00029600 and really the more you learn about it the more fascinating it gets i'll just say +H8EVRjraCMo-00033-00029600-00030544 so we have three speakers today two of them are here in person keith webster and rebecca doris and +H8EVRjraCMo-00034-00030608-00031439 the other speaker is going to through the magic of technology join us from the bay area +H8EVRjraCMo-00035-00031544-00032200 he is brian fresa and he is a co-founder of emerald lab and +H8EVRjraCMo-00036-00032200-00032936 with that i'm going to go sit down and watch the presentation and um i'll come back up at the +H8EVRjraCMo-00037-00033048-00033656 end i have a couple of questions that we might chat about a little and then i'll moderate a +H8EVRjraCMo-00038-00033656-00034304 q a session with all the folks here so welcome thank you so much for being here +H8EVRjraCMo-00039-00034904-00035536 hi everyone i'm rebecca and i'm super thrilled today to talk to you about +H8EVRjraCMo-00040-00035696-00036320 how we are envisioning automated science at carnegie mellon and i'm super thrilled that i have +H8EVRjraCMo-00041-00036320-00036944 the dean of libraries at carnegie mellon and uh an alumni brian fresa and co-founder of +H8EVRjraCMo-00042-00037000-00037648 emerald cloud lab with me it's just really fun to give these joint talks and my understanding is +H8EVRjraCMo-00043-00037648-00038208 we're going to have a panel for questions later um so let's let's have a lot of fun because this is +H8EVRjraCMo-00044-00038208-00038664 this is really exciting to think about so i'm rebecca i'm dean of the melon college of science i +H8EVRjraCMo-00045-00038664-00039240 joined carnegie mellon five years ago from purdue university i always like a disclaimer up front +H8EVRjraCMo-00046-00039240-00039976 that i am a statistician who does uh quantitative genetics and i get excited about reproducibility +H8EVRjraCMo-00047-00039976-00040672 and experimental design so um thank you and so if i go off on a tangent somebody reel me +H8EVRjraCMo-00048-00040672-00041112 back in because this is as for a statistician what i'm about to tell you is super exciting +H8EVRjraCMo-00049-00041208-00041824 so i don't need to tell this particular audience about how um massive data is just +H8EVRjraCMo-00050-00041824-00042392 you know it's everywhere around us and ai technologies i mean you've heard today um +H8EVRjraCMo-00051-00042392-00043024 are essential to analyze and make sense of the data that we're collecting and then the the +H8EVRjraCMo-00052-00043024-00043712 disciplinary boundaries are lower than ever and people are working on very very complex problems +H8EVRjraCMo-00053-00043712-00044200 across disciplinary boundaries and really the the best way to help there's two things +H8EVRjraCMo-00054-00044200-00044632 that i need to do to help you focus this if you think about life science research +H8EVRjraCMo-00055-00044712-00045272 and think about the cell phone life science research hasn't changed in over 100 years yes +H8EVRjraCMo-00056-00045272-00045760 the instruments have gotten better but we still need human beings to go in the lab and do things +H8EVRjraCMo-00057-00045760-00046384 wrong 10 times and collect a bunch of bad data we still can't reproduce it once it's published right +H8EVRjraCMo-00058-00046464-00047040 cell phones they originated in 2007 and we're all walking around with this handheld computer +H8EVRjraCMo-00059-00047128-00047840 we can we have self-driving cars yet science as we perform science hasn't changed in hundreds and +H8EVRjraCMo-00060-00047840-00048432 hundreds of years so this is what i want to tell you about the carnegie mellon university cloud lab +H8EVRjraCMo-00061-00048432-00048976 we are building the first remote controlled laboratory so scientists do not need to be +H8EVRjraCMo-00062-00048976-00049560 in the lab you can be in your office you can be a home you can be on the beach and you design your +H8EVRjraCMo-00063-00049560-00050152 experiments using code and you submit that code to the cloud lab where the experiments are done +H8EVRjraCMo-00064-00050288-00050968 24 7 365. very much unlike graduate students and and post-docs they don't need to sleep +H8EVRjraCMo-00065-00050968-00051512 they don't need to eat and they don't need to go to the bathroom so everything is traceable which +H8EVRjraCMo-00066-00051512-00052032 points to re reproducible science so everything about your experiment is captured you have the +H8EVRjraCMo-00067-00052032-00052632 code that created it you have the environment the humidity the temperature you know the life cycle +H8EVRjraCMo-00068-00052632-00053191 of each instrument you have the parameters of each instrument you know when things are out of bounds +H8EVRjraCMo-00069-00053191-00053784 and so when you want to reproduce your experiment you can reproduce your experiment from the +H8EVRjraCMo-00070-00053784-00054384 parameter file that goes with that particular experiment now i'm just going to get you thinking +H8EVRjraCMo-00071-00054384-00054896 ahead because this is a lot of fun to think about imagine a day when you submit a paper to a journal +H8EVRjraCMo-00072-00055016-00055567 and you submit your paper your manuscript for a review you submit your data because it's required +H8EVRjraCMo-00073-00055567-00055991 but you also submit your parameter file for your experiment and the code for your experiment +H8EVRjraCMo-00074-00055991-00056536 because it was done on the cloud lab so anyone who questions your data or wants to reproduce it +H8EVRjraCMo-00075-00056776-00057288 they have everything they need this ultimately i think will move science forward much faster +H8EVRjraCMo-00076-00057288-00057991 much more efficiently and much cheaper so this the carnegie mellon cloud lab is is fashioned +H8EVRjraCMo-00077-00057991-00058655 after emerald cloud lab which was founded by dj kleinbaum and brian frezza who's joining us today +H8EVRjraCMo-00078-00058655-00059176 uh they are alum of the melon college of science and carnegie mellon and this is a partnership +H8EVRjraCMo-00079-00059176-00059832 between uh for-profit and a university so when the next slide we will actually start thinking +H8EVRjraCMo-00080-00059832-00060384 about what the difference is between running a for-profit and having a cloud lab in academia +H8EVRjraCMo-00081-00060440-00060904 so if i could have the video that would be great and i see some of you on your cell phones already +H8EVRjraCMo-00082-00061024-00061424 and the scale of our work has been metered by the long hours required at the bench +H8EVRjraCMo-00083-00061591-00062391 it's time to change that emerald cloud lab is a remote controlled life science laboratory that +H8EVRjraCMo-00084-00062391-00062840 allows scientists to execute their experiments without being anchored to a physical lab +H8EVRjraCMo-00085-00062960-00063384 in a cloud lab experiments are driven by issuing commands over the internet +H8EVRjraCMo-00086-00063384-00063728 which are then run in a vast highly automated central facility +H8EVRjraCMo-00087-00064240-00064752 with an ecl account you have full control over every aspect of how your experiments are conducted +H8EVRjraCMo-00088-00064991-00065367 control the transfers of volumes from less than a microliter to 20 liters +H8EVRjraCMo-00089-00065479-00065984 and the transfers of solids with masses from micrograms to kilograms +H8EVRjraCMo-00090-00066104-00066624 there are over 150 models of best-in-class instrumentation online at the ecl +H8EVRjraCMo-00091-00067192-00068096 ecl facilities run your experiments on demand 24 hours a day 7 days a week 365 days a year leaving +H8EVRjraCMo-00092-00068096-00068784 just hours between the moment you conceive your experiment and the moment you receive your results +H8EVRjraCMo-00093-00069016-00069512 it's not unusual for an ecl user to be orchestrating dozens of protocols simultaneously +H8EVRjraCMo-00094-00069648-00070184 far more than one could ever manage in a traditional laboratory +H8EVRjraCMo-00095-00070552-00071040 when you're ready you can build scripts which automatically execute a series of experiments of +H8EVRjraCMo-00096-00071040-00071832 arbitrary complexity reproduce results or process the data and generate reports for you to analyze +H8EVRjraCMo-00097-00072456-00072936 as chemists and biologists our minds are capable of moving faster and further than +H8EVRjraCMo-00098-00072936-00074384 the laboratory has ever allowed us take your seat in the command center transcend the lab +H8EVRjraCMo-00099-00074704-00075312 so over the course of the last three years um i've talked to a lot of people about automating science +H8EVRjraCMo-00100-00075312-00075752 and they're all very polite and they shake their head but that video really helps you hone in on +H8EVRjraCMo-00101-00075752-00076408 what we're talking about at carnegie mellon this will be the first academic cloud lab in the world +H8EVRjraCMo-00102-00076528-00077160 and to tell you the truth i spent probably a good six months to a year saying why do we need one of +H8EVRjraCMo-00103-00077160-00077664 these in academia can we keep it busy and is it worth the investment so we had a working group +H8EVRjraCMo-00104-00077664-00078320 of scientists across campus this is a university initiative it's about 40 million dollars so it's +H8EVRjraCMo-00105-00078320-00078848 a serious a serious commitment and we had engineers computer scientists statisticians +H8EVRjraCMo-00106-00078848-00079208 foundational scientists in our working group and they made a wish list for me +H8EVRjraCMo-00107-00079272-00079800 and the wish list has about i think it's 211 instruments it's about 11 instruments more +H8EVRjraCMo-00108-00079800-00080384 than what emerald cloud has in their facility in san francisco and we are building one of these +H8EVRjraCMo-00109-00080520-00080968 during covid covette actually helped us make our case to the university because we +H8EVRjraCMo-00110-00080968-00081456 taught undergrad and grad classes using the emerald cloud lab facility in in california +H8EVRjraCMo-00111-00081560-00082184 the faculty transitioned their research we had trained faculty prior to covid those faculty +H8EVRjraCMo-00112-00082184-00082720 were good to go immediately transitioned and then we kept training faculty and grad students and +H8EVRjraCMo-00113-00082720-00083272 post-docs during covid so the three-month shutdown that most people experienced for their research +H8EVRjraCMo-00114-00083272-00083848 labs in academia a large portion of our research kept moving forward because of the generosity of +H8EVRjraCMo-00115-00083848-00084552 emerald so this particular cloud lab it's academic it's you think about it in a very different way +H8EVRjraCMo-00116-00084552-00085312 than you do a for-profit lab but in our business planning and our business model we did we say we +H8EVRjraCMo-00117-00085424-00086128 um saved out is the good word 20 of the total for the pittsburgh life science +H8EVRjraCMo-00118-00086128-00086736 um ecosystem we very much want to give back to the community and we feel that startup companies +H8EVRjraCMo-00119-00086736-00087120 if they don't have to set up their wet labs and set up their own computing it's fast to fail or +H8EVRjraCMo-00120-00087120-00087744 it's fast to succeed so ultimately this is going to support pittsburgh which leaves 80 for teaching +H8EVRjraCMo-00121-00087744-00088328 research training and so on we have faculty who have put in grant applications already and in +H8EVRjraCMo-00122-00088328-00088792 all transparency the federal agencies don't know what to do with the budgets that cl that budget +H8EVRjraCMo-00123-00088792-00089456 for cloud lab so we are now on a socialization project of uh going coming back to washington and +H8EVRjraCMo-00124-00089456-00090024 or being on zoom and um doing exactly this sort of talk and then they're they're we are already +H8EVRjraCMo-00125-00090024-00090608 publishing papers uh and and the the publications are have been easier than i expected and so we +H8EVRjraCMo-00126-00090608-00091256 have we have publications coming out so under one roof imagine that you have 200 plus instruments +H8EVRjraCMo-00127-00091328-00092040 your your faculty are not physically in the lab i don't want them on in the lab actually this +H8EVRjraCMo-00128-00092040-00092744 facility will not live on campus and so looking at this diagram each of these little gray boxes +H8EVRjraCMo-00129-00092744-00093392 is one of those 211 instruments and the cool thing about this particular um setup is that we +H8EVRjraCMo-00130-00093392-00094024 can parallelize science what you're seeing in this picture are you have blue yellow and red +H8EVRjraCMo-00131-00094024-00094416 those are three different workflows three completely different experiments all running +H8EVRjraCMo-00132-00094416-00094896 at the same time and last week i was giving a talk and somebody said how many experiments can +H8EVRjraCMo-00133-00094896-00095392 you run and the statistician and me wanted to do the calculation for them you know 211 choose +H8EVRjraCMo-00134-00095392-00096128 two 211 truth but uh we uh capacity wise we think upwards of about 12 experiments at the same time +H8EVRjraCMo-00135-00096200-00096784 and and realize that that not every not every scientist is going to utilize the the facility +H8EVRjraCMo-00136-00096864-00097496 24 7 365. some of these experiments will be fairly quick so this is the concept for the +H8EVRjraCMo-00137-00097496-00097976 cloud lab and so as i mentioned before i spent a lot of time saying why do we need a cloud lab +H8EVRjraCMo-00138-00097976-00098848 well it increases reproducibility it deals with reproducibility it research productivity imagine +H8EVRjraCMo-00139-00098928-00099424 not being limited by the grants that you write and the instruments that you can afford to buy +H8EVRjraCMo-00140-00099528-00100120 you can do your science the only the only limitation is human ingenuity not money not +H8EVRjraCMo-00141-00100192-00100736 uh the instruments that you have available to you uh ecl estimates say that their customers +H8EVRjraCMo-00142-00100824-00101384 have experienced up to 7x increase in research productivity we don't have this estimate for +H8EVRjraCMo-00143-00101384-00102128 academics yet because our lab is not up and up and running we conservatively estimate that we will +H8EVRjraCMo-00144-00102128-00102735 publish two times the the research paper in the same amount of time stay tuned we'll update that +H8EVRjraCMo-00145-00102735-00103288 and then reproducibility how exciting is this for statisticians you can just have a field day with +H8EVRjraCMo-00146-00103288-00103832 this and then we have open science so improve collaboration people don't have to come to your +H8EVRjraCMo-00147-00103832-00104359 lab anymore to learn certain techniques if you are a scientist who has bad hands instead of golden +H8EVRjraCMo-00148-00104359-00105224 hands you you are no longer restricted um to the being in the lab knowledge sharing you can share +H8EVRjraCMo-00149-00105224-00105728 protocols you can share experiments instead of reproducing or guessing what you've done +H8EVRjraCMo-00150-00105728-00106392 your collaborators can just go to the code tweak move forward and the discovery science is that +H8EVRjraCMo-00151-00106392-00106928 much faster so this is i think this cloud lab really is a great example of open source +H8EVRjraCMo-00152-00107056-00107535 um educating the next generation of scientists that's our business that's where we think this +H8EVRjraCMo-00153-00107535-00108056 is going to go carnegie mellon is a first mover in a lot of different things so this is a moment +H8EVRjraCMo-00154-00108056-00108528 in time for science that we don't think we're going to get back so we are capturing this and +H8EVRjraCMo-00155-00108528-00109192 and guiding it democratization of science i have a lot of colleagues at under-resourced universities +H8EVRjraCMo-00156-00109192-00109664 and i know a lot of people who grew up in under-resourced communities if with an internet +H8EVRjraCMo-00157-00109664-00110448 connection you level the playing field on science everyone can do top-notch science and so again +H8EVRjraCMo-00158-00110448-00111040 it's open source right we're no longer i was just in the previous talk where a woman from india you +H8EVRjraCMo-00159-00111040-00111608 know speeded up the code and and uh made it more efficient it's the same exact example for a cloud +H8EVRjraCMo-00160-00111608-00112232 lab and then i'm not interested in building a static facility at carnegie mellon i'm interested +H8EVRjraCMo-00161-00112232-00112768 in starting this facility and then engaging the scientists and the engineers so that we can build +H8EVRjraCMo-00162-00112768-00113424 the next generation of robots and we can build the next generation of instruments and we can put on +H8EVRjraCMo-00163-00113424-00113920 top of that active learning so that we can do our science more efficiently we don't have to do every +H8EVRjraCMo-00164-00113920-00114511 possible combination of things because the the algorithms learn as you go and i have a couple of +H8EVRjraCMo-00165-00114511-00115176 examples later on for you so this is why we need an academic cloud lab i know that we are going to +H8EVRjraCMo-00166-00115176-00115648 create new disciplines that i can't even imagine i know that things will happen that i can't even +H8EVRjraCMo-00167-00115648-00116359 imagine yet but it certainly is fun to set it up meet dima in 2019 when i couldn't get the board +H8EVRjraCMo-00168-00116359-00117128 of trustees to listen to me fully i went back to um keith anyway i'm not going i'm being videoed um +H8EVRjraCMo-00169-00117208-00117704 keith keith went uh keith went back yeah i went back to the to my office and said i +H8EVRjraCMo-00170-00117704-00118416 need a really smart phd student who doesn't know how to code and so we looked around here is dema +H8EVRjraCMo-00171-00118600-00119159 demo works on synthetic dna so dna atc's and gs but you create it on your own and you need to +H8EVRjraCMo-00172-00119159-00119528 know what the order of the base pairs are because you're interested in how it folds +H8EVRjraCMo-00173-00119592-00120208 synthetic dnas are very difficult it's very time consuming and typically dima who is an expert +H8EVRjraCMo-00174-00120208-00121088 at this point he could synthesize about three a week we sent dima to california for a month +H8EVRjraCMo-00175-00121088-00121983 trained him embedded him in emerald and he was able to synthesize hundreds of these pnas a week +H8EVRjraCMo-00176-00122176-00122592 and when he came back i said so how long did the code take once you once you were trained +H8EVRjraCMo-00177-00122656-00123064 and he said i really didn't need to go to california rebecca it only took me 20 minutes +H8EVRjraCMo-00178-00123064-00123816 to write the code so really smart person who doesn't know how to code was trained in about four +H8EVRjraCMo-00179-00123816-00124432 sessions and it is fairly um in-depth training but once you're trained you're you're good to go +H8EVRjraCMo-00180-00124432-00124935 and the good news about dema is he now works at emerald cloud lab after he received his phd so we +H8EVRjraCMo-00181-00124935-00125559 also got him a job and then more recently um this is a publication that just came out in 2021 like +H8EVRjraCMo-00182-00125559-00126535 maybe a month or so ago this is olis and olis his work this particular paper is um on the mri +H8EVRjraCMo-00183-00126535-00127032 age agent that you in or injected before they do an mri and typically it takes +H8EVRjraCMo-00184-00127032-00127616 a lot of time to find these these different compositions and so if you considered 50 000 +H8EVRjraCMo-00185-00127616-00128032 different compositions that these scientists they would just say that's not worth the money it's too +H8EVRjraCMo-00186-00128032-00128640 much time we're not doing it using ai and active learning learning as you go from the experiments +H8EVRjraCMo-00187-00128640-00129072 that you're doing and the results that you're getting all this and his colleagues found um +H8EVRjraCMo-00188-00129183-00129776 that by testing less that they were able to test less than 400 polymers because they're testing +H8EVRjraCMo-00189-00129776-00130296 as they go and they're eliminating things in a week's time and this is just there we're +H8EVRjraCMo-00190-00130296-00130735 able to do science and this is just proof of concept we're able to do science that before +H8EVRjraCMo-00191-00130735-00131448 they wouldn't even consider doing so how will the cloud lab transform science reproducibility +H8EVRjraCMo-00192-00131448-00132248 um productivity open science it it if we had one of these cloud labs labs in an academic open +H8EVRjraCMo-00193-00132248-00132872 environment during covid and we had them around the country and around the world talking to each +H8EVRjraCMo-00194-00132872-00133440 other we could have addressed things and i think the vaccines for for covet have been spectacularly +H8EVRjraCMo-00195-00133440-00134128 fast but it could have been done probably even faster and then active learning learning from your +H8EVRjraCMo-00196-00134232-00135016 experimental data as you go this is this is the the pinnacle of ai i think and i don't i just +H8EVRjraCMo-00197-00135016-00135688 i just think we're at the tip of the iceberg on that one and then how will this transform society +H8EVRjraCMo-00198-00135800-00136560 cloud labs allow you to pivot literally in a moment's time if you need more access you +H8EVRjraCMo-00199-00136560-00137304 plug in more access more instruments if someone develops a new instrument and you you've tested +H8EVRjraCMo-00200-00137304-00137784 it and you want to give everyone else access you plug it in and everyone else has access so it's +H8EVRjraCMo-00201-00137784-00138504 flexible this environment is flexible it's open it is the workforce development of the future +H8EVRjraCMo-00202-00138624-00139216 because this is the way things are going and it is democratizing science for sure so where are we at +H8EVRjraCMo-00203-00139216-00139824 carnegie mellon um we are doing this first of all uh which is really exciting to be able to not just +H8EVRjraCMo-00204-00139824-00140384 lay it out but i can tell you that we're doing it um we will have our facility up and running +H8EVRjraCMo-00205-00140384-00141072 this time next year fall of 2022. it's an academic recharge center so we are going to learn how to +H8EVRjraCMo-00206-00141072-00141608 run one of these in academia the home of the cloud lab is not on campus as i mentioned before it +H8EVRjraCMo-00207-00141608-00142128 didn't need a fancy new expensive building so it's housed in a building that carnegie mellon owns +H8EVRjraCMo-00208-00142128-00142592 um if anyone is is familiar with pittsburgh it's about 10 minutes from campus and it's +H8EVRjraCMo-00209-00142592-00143056 in an area called bakery square which is where google's headquarter office is in pittsburgh +H8EVRjraCMo-00210-00143192-00143848 the architects are chosen the management team is hired i walk the space which is super exciting +H8EVRjraCMo-00211-00143976-00144480 we needed high bay space so this is terrific we know that the floors can take the weight +H8EVRjraCMo-00212-00144480-00145040 of the equipment we have designed the lab this is what it looks like it's a little bit bigger +H8EVRjraCMo-00213-00145040-00145608 than the one in uh california which is which is extra exciting for me uh we have a little bit +H8EVRjraCMo-00214-00145608-00146288 more than 200 instruments and so we think about the future what is this going to do for science +H8EVRjraCMo-00215-00146288-00146648 it's open it's collaborative we're changing we're training the next generation of +H8EVRjraCMo-00216-00146752-00147088 scientists for sure this platform is expandable +H8EVRjraCMo-00217-00147224-00147912 in ways that again i can't imagine and we know that we're creating new disciplines going forward +H8EVRjraCMo-00218-00147912-00148656 and we're streamlining the flow of technology and knowledge so the previous talk that i heard +H8EVRjraCMo-00219-00148776-00149264 had a prediction of the next 10 years my prediction in the next 10 years is that this +H8EVRjraCMo-00220-00149264-00150040 won't be the only academic cloud lab there will be other cloud labs government academic facilities +H8EVRjraCMo-00221-00150040-00150592 that are connected in talking to each other and sharing data in a very open way and this this +H8EVRjraCMo-00222-00150592-00151384 is the moment in time for science that the cell phone had and the self-driving car had thank you +H8EVRjraCMo-00223-00151992-00152496 oh yes sorry i was i was brian are you out there there he is hey brian how are +H8EVRjraCMo-00224-00152496-00153192 you how are you doing can you see me i can okay great hi you're on excellent +H8EVRjraCMo-00225-00153680-00154128 so following up on rebecca's wonderful introduction to the academic cloud +H8EVRjraCMo-00226-00154128-00154736 i'm going to take you through we're live in the south san francisco facility so i'm going to take +H8EVRjraCMo-00227-00154736-00155152 you through what this technology looks like in action talk a little bit about the birth +H8EVRjraCMo-00228-00155152-00155752 of it and how it came about and then give you some background on you know where the statistics come +H8EVRjraCMo-00229-00155752-00156416 from for instance on the operational capabilities and all that so we're driving around now what is +H8EVRjraCMo-00230-00156416-00157248 a it's the order of 13 000 14 000 square foot facility in san francisco and uh as uh as rebecca +H8EVRjraCMo-00231-00157248-00157680 mentioned there's a larger one going in pittsburgh more to the tune of sixteen thousand square feet +H8EVRjraCMo-00232-00157832-00158560 it's home to around uh 200 plus different types of devices although there's redundancy on a lot +H8EVRjraCMo-00233-00158560-00158968 of devices so that like the total number is larger than that so those are unique types of +H8EVRjraCMo-00234-00158968-00159552 devices so that may be like a specific model of mass spec a specific model of liquid handler dnmr +H8EVRjraCMo-00235-00159712-00160256 things like the even the speed backing is here so every manner of uh small large equipment is +H8EVRjraCMo-00236-00160256-00160728 is packed into the same facility and all of that is put under the control of one single +H8EVRjraCMo-00237-00160728-00161288 software operating system so there's one software platform which i'll just really briefly show you +H8EVRjraCMo-00238-00161288-00161848 we'll go through a little bit in a moment that's designed to control all of this and really this +H8EVRjraCMo-00239-00161848-00162392 this technology developed over the better part of about 10 years i started actually at a previous +H8EVRjraCMo-00240-00162392-00162872 startup that myself my co-founder had worked on and then spun out into normal cloud lab was +H8EVRjraCMo-00241-00162872-00163416 a commercial platform more recently about six years ago i think and that's when it happened +H8EVRjraCMo-00242-00163512-00164040 and really where the birth of it came from was in grappling with the reproducibility problem +H8EVRjraCMo-00243-00164040-00164584 that everyone has been doing rather than approach it in a sort of classical manner which is to say +H8EVRjraCMo-00244-00164688-00164992 standing kind of behind scientists taking notes on what they're doing +H8EVRjraCMo-00245-00165160-00165768 and saying how do we capture all the information on what they're doing and then try to +H8EVRjraCMo-00246-00165768-00166240 repeat what they're doing exactly we were poached very differently so myself my co-founder both +H8EVRjraCMo-00247-00166240-00166832 had backgrounds in um and that's the classical sciences so we both did chemistry in graduate +H8EVRjraCMo-00248-00166832-00167344 school he was at stanford i was in scripps but in undergrad we did in addition to doing chemistry +H8EVRjraCMo-00249-00167344-00167920 and biology we did computer science at carnegie mellon back when that was a very very new field +H8EVRjraCMo-00250-00167920-00168488 now it's a normal thing to do that but we thought about it very much from the the history of the +H8EVRjraCMo-00251-00168488-00168920 early days of computing and said well there was a transition state that had to happen +H8EVRjraCMo-00252-00169040-00169488 uh back in the 1940s where computers were human people at one point +H8EVRjraCMo-00253-00169568-00170008 that you would give calculations to do in a room full of people right who would go through by +H8EVRjraCMo-00254-00170008-00170552 hand and try to calculate something and there was a movement of course to turn that into a +H8EVRjraCMo-00255-00170624-00170984 an automated first mechanical and eventually electronic environment +H8EVRjraCMo-00256-00171104-00171504 uh to compute these things and in trying to approach that problem +H8EVRjraCMo-00257-00171568-00172016 you you wouldn't go about that by standing over the shoulder of the human computer the +H8EVRjraCMo-00258-00172016-00172424 human calculator is doing those calculations and try to report everything they're doing the way +H8EVRjraCMo-00259-00172424-00172936 you approach is a little bit different where you would sit down and try to come up with a +H8EVRjraCMo-00260-00173008-00173672 baseline instruction set to the machinery that says these are all the actions that sort of unit +H8EVRjraCMo-00261-00173672-00174208 level actions one can take and then a composition of those unit level actions is the actual +H8EVRjraCMo-00262-00174296-00174816 uh is going to be the actual end computation that you're doing and as long as that instruction set +H8EVRjraCMo-00263-00174816-00175312 is sufficient to cover the space of everything that's possible then you should have a +H8EVRjraCMo-00264-00175312-00175848 you can say with completeness that this is a way to completely uh get that to get the +H8EVRjraCMo-00265-00175848-00176200 electronic environment to uh recapitulate what would be happening with the humans +H8EVRjraCMo-00266-00176320-00176736 right and so that's very different because you have a known closure condition there right up +H8EVRjraCMo-00267-00176736-00177176 front where you can say well is the instruction set sufficient to carry out the task i wanna know +H8EVRjraCMo-00268-00177176-00177592 you know that before you even roll into the exercise if that's a true statement whereas +H8EVRjraCMo-00269-00177592-00178016 when you're standing you know behind someone trying to write down everything they're doing +H8EVRjraCMo-00270-00178016-00178440 you never really have an a prior way to sit down and say is this enough information +H8EVRjraCMo-00271-00178440-00178824 you can't just look at the information set and say it's complete and we have this this is the +H8EVRjraCMo-00272-00178824-00179216 same level of frustration where you try to be as careful as possible in all your note-taking +H8EVRjraCMo-00273-00179216-00179600 but then you couldn't look at those notes and from the notes themselves say oh i definitely +H8EVRjraCMo-00274-00179600-00180336 have enough to to get this exact same thing to run so when we first built this instruction set um it +H8EVRjraCMo-00275-00180336-00180776 was about connecting all the different instruments you're seeing here so that's as you can imagine a +H8EVRjraCMo-00276-00180776-00181248 massive software undertaking to get every piece of software here talking to the same central platform +H8EVRjraCMo-00277-00181328-00181848 it also meant that there's a lab execution system which is managing traffic throughout the facility +H8EVRjraCMo-00278-00181848-00182184 so it knows about the many many different experiments that might be going on simultaneously +H8EVRjraCMo-00279-00182264-00182624 and make sure that they're not going to collide looking for resources at the same time +H8EVRjraCMo-00280-00182624-00183008 so you can imagine there's a complex resource management system there and then there's also +H8EVRjraCMo-00281-00183008-00183544 the human element as well so we have to traffic samples between the stores onto the different +H8EVRjraCMo-00282-00183544-00183936 instruments and elements here we have to do a bit of sample preparation some of which +H8EVRjraCMo-00283-00184000-00184360 uh we can do with this sort of best in class automation that we're able to get access to +H8EVRjraCMo-00284-00184456-00184744 but also some of which is going to be somewhat manual some things like +H8EVRjraCMo-00285-00184800-00185288 say filtering uh a liter of solution that's gonna have to be human hooking up to a pump +H8EVRjraCMo-00286-00185352-00185832 uh the filter at the end of the day but that stuff can still be proceduralized uh and controlled +H8EVRjraCMo-00287-00185832-00186264 remotely in the sense that you are issuing instruction on how that is gonna happen and then +H8EVRjraCMo-00288-00186264-00186752 that's managed internally in the facility the same way you would any other master industrial process +H8EVRjraCMo-00289-00186928-00187456 and so the collection of those things end up building the cloud lab that you see here and +H8EVRjraCMo-00290-00187456-00187912 what's novel about this i think more than anything is what you don't see here it's not necessarily +H8EVRjraCMo-00291-00187912-00188304 the instrumentation that you have connected a lot of us you have access to in your own laboratories +H8EVRjraCMo-00292-00188360-00188808 what's novel here is that the the people who are driving this facility are never in it so they're +H8EVRjraCMo-00293-00188808-00189200 scattered across the globe most of which are in north america there's a fair amount in europe that +H8EVRjraCMo-00294-00189200-00189648 use this every day and i think the farthest long is there's a there's a larger group in australia +H8EVRjraCMo-00295-00189648-00190288 that will log on at very odd times for us and then uh and view their experiments that way the +H8EVRjraCMo-00296-00190288-00190672 way people are getting the sort of productivity numbers that recorded there that 7x number +H8EVRjraCMo-00297-00190768-00191336 is twofold one is uh of course as rebecca mentioned in parallelism so if you're just +H8EVRjraCMo-00298-00191336-00191720 operating all this stuff remotely by issuing instructions into the facility +H8EVRjraCMo-00299-00191792-00192208 uh you can of course issue parallel instructions it's just like in a data center spinning up more +H8EVRjraCMo-00300-00192208-00192592 than one server to do more than one calculation you can spin up many instruments simultaneously +H8EVRjraCMo-00301-00192592-00193008 to get many different protocols running at once and so that's a very common use case +H8EVRjraCMo-00302-00193088-00193472 for the users on the system and that's a lot of where their efficiency numbers are coming from +H8EVRjraCMo-00303-00193472-00193872 the other part is interesting and that's about you know once you've taken the exercise +H8EVRjraCMo-00304-00193872-00194312 of being able to capture the execution of these experiments sort of out of space and out of time +H8EVRjraCMo-00305-00194392-00194992 with where the experimenter is you can keep them running 24 7. so the experimenter can be thinking +H8EVRjraCMo-00306-00194992-00195472 ahead about what they want to be doing in the days to come can put that into their queue and then +H8EVRjraCMo-00307-00195472-00196112 that stuff will continue running overnights and over weekends and then the 24 7 environment will +H8EVRjraCMo-00308-00196112-00196688 not stop right and so good experimenters on the system who are taking uh most effective use of it +H8EVRjraCMo-00309-00196688-00197152 will in queue experiments for many days in advance uh they may be sitting in their queue +H8EVRjraCMo-00310-00197152-00197520 and what will happen is they'll be running say in this case they've got this account +H8EVRjraCMo-00311-00197520-00198016 has 12 simultaneous experiments running you can see they have more than that in their queue and +H8EVRjraCMo-00312-00198016-00198368 so if they want to get these others to run they can sort of set the backlog order that they want +H8EVRjraCMo-00313-00198424-00198792 but what'll happen there is even if at four in the morning any one of these finishes it will +H8EVRjraCMo-00314-00198792-00199224 roll on automatically into the next one it's a part of where that efficiency comes from as long +H8EVRjraCMo-00315-00199224-00199664 as you're planning ahead a little bit on those experiments they continue to run continuously +H8EVRjraCMo-00316-00199736-00200064 you also need a dynamic environment and so a lot of the technology development +H8EVRjraCMo-00317-00200128-00200520 was around this idea that you have to get things up and running very fast +H8EVRjraCMo-00318-00200584-00201040 and you have to have sort of as close as possible to live control now you're not going to be there +H8EVRjraCMo-00319-00201040-00201336 when it actually runs if that happens in the middle of the night or or when you're +H8EVRjraCMo-00320-00201336-00201816 not your computer when it doesn't switch from one experiment to another uh but you're also going to +H8EVRjraCMo-00321-00201816-00202248 be not making decisions like months in advance of what uh experiment you want because a lot of that +H8EVRjraCMo-00322-00202248-00202696 stuff has been based on the sort of day-to-day activity of you get the results from yesterday on +H8EVRjraCMo-00323-00202696-00203016 how your purification went and then that's how you're going to decide how to do the next set up +H8EVRjraCMo-00324-00203016-00203480 the next day and so part of this technology and setting it up the real challenge here +H8EVRjraCMo-00325-00203552-00203984 is that uh more than half of the jobs that come in on this facility are completely novel +H8EVRjraCMo-00326-00203984-00204456 to us we've never seen them before when they show up we get them running up and running on +H8EVRjraCMo-00327-00204456-00204856 average within five hours ten hours is kind of the point at which alarms start to fire +H8EVRjraCMo-00328-00204856-00205344 that's been sitting in the cube for too long and so that really moves at the pace of research +H8EVRjraCMo-00329-00205344-00205792 such that you're able to you know come in with the days or day or two worth of experiments +H8EVRjraCMo-00330-00205792-00206192 get them into the queue uh as they're running they're going to come back the next day you come +H8EVRjraCMo-00331-00206192-00206560 in you have a whole new set of data to look at and you set a decision to make on what to do next +H8EVRjraCMo-00332-00206616-00207056 um but you don't have to kind of way in advance as a record said the other big part of +H8EVRjraCMo-00333-00207136-00207671 uh the value of being able to run this out of space ahead of time is that you can use the the +H8EVRjraCMo-00334-00207671-00208167 sort of industrial might of that centralization to democratize the whole thing because it's a +H8EVRjraCMo-00335-00208167-00208656 shared access facility so in a sense it means that as the users are all around the world +H8EVRjraCMo-00336-00208728-00209192 you can pack everything into one space ahead of time right most efficiently in terms of all the +H8EVRjraCMo-00337-00209192-00209688 maintenance and the gxp level qualifications that we're doing with all the instruments ahead of time +H8EVRjraCMo-00338-00209760-00210096 uh so that by the time you get to the machine you're using something that's into +H8EVRjraCMo-00339-00210096-00210544 pressing condition but you also pack it with a diversity of equipment which means that the +H8EVRjraCMo-00340-00210544-00211000 researchers don't have to plan vastly in advance uh you know which equipment they want to want we +H8EVRjraCMo-00341-00211000-00211392 sort of go out and we often refer to this facility as sort of noah's ark is like one of everything +H8EVRjraCMo-00342-00211456-00211823 packed in here so that you can try it first see if it's going to work well for +H8EVRjraCMo-00343-00211823-00212176 your application and then move on you know immediately to something else that doesn't +H8EVRjraCMo-00344-00212176-00212552 work or stick with that and scale it up if you want to continue using that instrument +H8EVRjraCMo-00345-00212623-00213080 but that doesn't become sort of a major part of the process is the shopping for instrumentation +H8EVRjraCMo-00346-00213080-00213504 and trying to get it online but fighting to work with a single piece of machinery because you sunk +H8EVRjraCMo-00347-00213504-00213864 some very large percentage of your budget into it in this case it's just sort of try +H8EVRjraCMo-00348-00213864-00214296 everything in parallel see what works well and then continue along with that so that's sort of +H8EVRjraCMo-00349-00214296-00214680 one of the more intangible ways i think we've seen speeding up of the research that people +H8EVRjraCMo-00350-00214680-00215160 are using on the system here is that kind of fail fast and move on quickly so if you're +H8EVRjraCMo-00351-00215160-00215656 attempting a new purification for example you'll try four or five different techniques in parallel +H8EVRjraCMo-00352-00215656-00216176 on the same day and maybe one or two of them looks promising the other the other ones don't and sort +H8EVRjraCMo-00353-00216176-00216512 of abandon the ones that don't you go the ones that look promising but at that point you haven't +H8EVRjraCMo-00354-00216512-00216944 you sort of sunk budgets and months into getting the equipment in the door not to go that direction +H8EVRjraCMo-00355-00217144-00217808 so that's the the basics of how it operates as rebecca mentioned as well part of what took a long +H8EVRjraCMo-00356-00217808-00218336 time on technology development was getting to the point where we could have this environment be run +H8EVRjraCMo-00357-00218336-00218823 by someone who has no computer science training whatsoever so our bread and butter user in +H8EVRjraCMo-00358-00218823-00219288 certainly in pharma is a chemist and biologist who knows of course their experimentation very well +H8EVRjraCMo-00359-00219344-00219928 but doesn't necessarily know anything about coding uh and in some sense we're teaching +H8EVRjraCMo-00360-00219928-00220271 them that in that their experiments at the end of the day will get reduced to a set of code +H8EVRjraCMo-00361-00220352-00220904 uh but that will work through a a point click no code type interface that we set up which is very +H8EVRjraCMo-00362-00220904-00221471 heavily based on ai but don't get too excited it's an expert system so it's like 1980s ai but that's +H8EVRjraCMo-00363-00221471-00221984 what we use to help design the experiments where you'll start to set up an experiment maybe give +H8EVRjraCMo-00364-00222096-00222544 give the system like what samples for instance i'm purifying here by hblc and what i'll do is +H8EVRjraCMo-00365-00222544-00222976 take me through each of these options and give me some suggestions on what they could be and then +H8EVRjraCMo-00366-00222976-00223384 these suggestions are adaptable and changeable and i can go through and graphically say oh i +H8EVRjraCMo-00367-00223384-00223800 want you know a different gradient here and so i'm just going to push buttons to sort of change them +H8EVRjraCMo-00368-00223871-00224319 and i get my nice interface here and you kind of see as i'm messing around with this graphically +H8EVRjraCMo-00369-00224384-00224712 on the right there is the actual piece of code that's going to come out of this +H8EVRjraCMo-00370-00224767-00224992 and so we're trying to make it easy to make that bridge where +H8EVRjraCMo-00371-00225136-00225488 uh you are effectively just designing your experiment from the point of view of like +H8EVRjraCMo-00372-00225488-00225896 what would it look like graphically to set this thing up but everything you're doing always +H8EVRjraCMo-00373-00225952-00226448 results in an end command which is composable so that you can take these things and build them +H8EVRjraCMo-00374-00226448-00226880 into for instance larger scripts where you have a series of experiments running back to back to back +H8EVRjraCMo-00375-00226936-00227448 you can take parts of this command like say we have this gradient calculation here and this +H8EVRjraCMo-00376-00227448-00227816 is i've just hard-coded something in here but you could write a function for instance +H8EVRjraCMo-00377-00227816-00228280 that calculates how this might go based on some property of the samples and substances in so the +H8EVRjraCMo-00378-00228280-00228880 more even though you're you're up and running like we said in the four training sessions uh uh to use +H8EVRjraCMo-00379-00228880-00229384 the whole graphical system the more advanced users very quickly and especially in academia we've seen +H8EVRjraCMo-00380-00229384-00229880 uh have been playing around with doing things like writing code that writes its own experimental +H8EVRjraCMo-00381-00229880-00230319 execution so it's like self-optimizing code that will try many different experiments come +H8EVRjraCMo-00382-00230319-00230760 back with something that has more of an optimal parameter set for what you want and go from there +H8EVRjraCMo-00383-00231000-00231319 so that that's sort of in a nutshell what the environment looks like i don't want +H8EVRjraCMo-00384-00231319-00231616 to take up too much of the time because i know uh keith is gonna follow up here +H8EVRjraCMo-00385-00231671-00232064 but i'm sure there are lots of questions that will come out of this this is a very new technology +H8EVRjraCMo-00386-00232064-00232480 that the world is just getting used to we could not be more thrilled that uh carnegie mellon is +H8EVRjraCMo-00387-00232480-00232904 opening up this technology today we've mostly been working with pharma companies behind closed doors +H8EVRjraCMo-00388-00232960-00233512 and uh under a mountain of ndas not telling anyone what we were doing for the work but i think that +H8EVRjraCMo-00389-00233512-00233960 in the long run it's pretty clear to see for anyone to use this technology how valuable this +H8EVRjraCMo-00390-00233960-00234480 democratization would be of these techniques when you can pass on experimental methods to people +H8EVRjraCMo-00391-00234544-00235008 uh in software where it really is just a series of commands that you push a button to reproduce +H8EVRjraCMo-00392-00235008-00235480 on the same equipment and even potentially the same facility using the same materials in exactly +H8EVRjraCMo-00393-00235480-00236016 the same manner that it was about the first time that can be a major gate changer to the way we put +H8EVRjraCMo-00394-00236016-00236608 together even scientific protocols and the way we deal with results importantly too as we build this +H8EVRjraCMo-00395-00236608-00237223 database of results i think he's going to talk a bit more about this um it's i think everyone +H8EVRjraCMo-00396-00237223-00237656 is at the point right now we're all fighting to make sure all the data from the publications are +H8EVRjraCMo-00397-00237656-00238088 are available and out there right that's that's the most obvious first step can't do anything +H8EVRjraCMo-00398-00238088-00238536 without that but i would argue that the very next step that everyone is going to realize is +H8EVRjraCMo-00399-00238608-00239088 in the future becomes the most important thing to look forward is that any piece of data you're +H8EVRjraCMo-00400-00239088-00239648 going to see in a system if it's not actionably tied to the methods used to generate it and by +H8EVRjraCMo-00401-00239648-00240112 that i mean i don't have an easy way to go back and reproduce this experiment on my own +H8EVRjraCMo-00402-00240112-00240552 without having to spend a month or so of fighting without trying to get access to the same equipment +H8EVRjraCMo-00403-00240608-00240919 dealing with the fact that there's ambiguity and the expression of how this is done stuff +H8EVRjraCMo-00404-00240919-00241408 that's just generally not captured by the way uh you know someone has communicated it in prose +H8EVRjraCMo-00405-00241552-00242048 if instead every piece of data in your database is tied to an electronic method that you can pull up +H8EVRjraCMo-00406-00242048-00242584 push a button get to run a facility change one or two parameters you know do derivative experiments +H8EVRjraCMo-00407-00242584-00243152 off it immediately that same day it's a very very different environment so a world where the data +H8EVRjraCMo-00408-00243152-00243728 itself is always inexorably tied to the method methodology that was used to generate it from +H8EVRjraCMo-00409-00243728-00244192 the point of view of like i'm less than a day away from pushing a button getting that experiment back +H8EVRjraCMo-00410-00244256-00244719 is definitely a very new and exciting world and something i think that this academic environment +H8EVRjraCMo-00411-00244719-00245200 is going to be able to take advantage of it much more so even than the the industrial environment +H8EVRjraCMo-00412-00245200-00245680 has been able to today so i think that's it for me i'll be around for final question i'm +H8EVRjraCMo-00413-00245680-00246023 sure this leads to more questions than it does answers in the beginning but hopefully +H8EVRjraCMo-00414-00246023-00246584 it's the beginning of discussion for a lot of people here to wade into this new technology +H8EVRjraCMo-00415-00246704-00246784 thank you brian +H8EVRjraCMo-00416-00247248-00247600 okay we'll be back for questions with brian in a few moments time +H8EVRjraCMo-00417-00247600-00247984 if we could switch back to the slides please +H8EVRjraCMo-00418-00248136-00248816 great thanks so as you might imagine and that was great seeing a dalek's eye view of a cloud lab +H8EVRjraCMo-00419-00248880-00249376 i don't know why the doctor who producers didn't capture that one years ago but if we think +H8EVRjraCMo-00420-00249376-00249967 about the cloud lab from our perspective in the university libraries where part of our charge is +H8EVRjraCMo-00421-00250032-00250632 overseeing the end-to-end approach to open science at cmu and managing the products of research +H8EVRjraCMo-00422-00250632-00251144 clearly the sort of productivity gains that we anticipate from this facility are going +H8EVRjraCMo-00423-00251144-00251880 to have huge impacts on our roles in capturing curating sharing the products of that research +H8EVRjraCMo-00424-00251880-00252680 brian mentioned the cloud lab command center which drives everything that you've seen the challenge +H8EVRjraCMo-00425-00252680-00253344 for us is in an open science environment how do we interplay with the work we've already been doing +H8EVRjraCMo-00426-00253344-00254096 and how do we meet our obligations as research funder mandates begin to pick up and for us it +H8EVRjraCMo-00427-00254096-00254808 really is about pipelines how do we connect things we are already working with into the ecl command +H8EVRjraCMo-00428-00254984-00255432 this is very much work in progress but just to give you an example of the sorts of things +H8EVRjraCMo-00429-00255432-00256304 we are exploring we were early adopters the first university to adopt protocols.io and many +H8EVRjraCMo-00430-00256304-00257064 of our researchers have built their workflows around protocols.io how can we feed that work +H8EVRjraCMo-00431-00257064-00257776 into the ecl command center at the other end our elegantly named institutional repository kill tab +H8EVRjraCMo-00432-00257776-00258623 you get that from github which sits on top of a fixture platform how do we derive data and other +H8EVRjraCMo-00433-00258623-00259240 records from the cloud lab command center into the repository environment one thing we've already +H8EVRjraCMo-00434-00259319-00259864 determined is that almost certainly there will be just too much stuff to capture everything so +H8EVRjraCMo-00435-00259864-00260560 how do we decide what comes what doesn't how do we help researchers make that decision it's it's not +H8EVRjraCMo-00436-00260560-00261223 a decision we will make but how do we provide the decision matrix to support that lorkhan had to +H8EVRjraCMo-00437-00261223-00261712 leave for a flight so this was a slightly wasted slide but i always have to to throw in this one +H8EVRjraCMo-00438-00261880-00262376 many of you will be familiar with the evolving scholarly record work from oclc and +H8EVRjraCMo-00439-00262376-00263200 i think the cloud lab really exemplifies the focus here that traditionally we were really focusing +H8EVRjraCMo-00440-00263200-00263856 on the outcomes of research the end of project reports journal articles conference presentations +H8EVRjraCMo-00441-00263912-00264568 but in a digital research environment everything is susceptible to capture and curation the +H8EVRjraCMo-00442-00264568-00265296 products of the research process the products and outputs of the aftermath of research and we're +H8EVRjraCMo-00443-00265296-00265864 going to be dealing with that on a substantial scale as the cloud lab comes to fruition +H8EVRjraCMo-00444-00265960-00266512 i'd like to say that we had anticipated this back in 2015 when the university strategic plan +H8EVRjraCMo-00445-00266512-00267184 pointed to this and we knew that the data deluge was coming we hadn't anticipated in what shape or +H8EVRjraCMo-00446-00267184-00267928 form but it now very much is in front of us and we recognize that as the scholarly record evolves +H8EVRjraCMo-00447-00267928-00268760 we need to be at the forefront of supporting the entire infrastructure that is at play a couple +H8EVRjraCMo-00448-00268760-00269408 of years ago we modeled out our perspective on open science at cmu and and the graphic +H8EVRjraCMo-00449-00269408-00270216 at the top is our end-to-end approach from the research design through to the post-experimental +H8EVRjraCMo-00450-00270216-00271000 reuse and reproducibility work and this maps out the university library's approach to open science +H8EVRjraCMo-00451-00271000-00271568 for the university community and you can see in the boxes underneath the different tools and +H8EVRjraCMo-00452-00271568-00272264 platforms that we've put in place to support that end-to-end approach we see that is particularly +H8EVRjraCMo-00453-00272264-00273224 critical as funders begin to really articulate expectations for sharing curation across not +H8EVRjraCMo-00454-00273224-00273880 only publications and data but i anticipate code and other artifacts we absolutely need to be +H8EVRjraCMo-00455-00273880-00274400 ready to understand that and one of the things we've been careful to do is to shy away from a +H8EVRjraCMo-00456-00274472-00274976 platform platform-by-platform approach but rather to begin with the end-to-end mindset +H8EVRjraCMo-00457-00274976-00275688 and then find the best partners and collaborators to meet different use cases across that workflow +H8EVRjraCMo-00458-00275792-00276416 open science is very much at the forefront at the moment we've heard about the national academy's +H8EVRjraCMo-00459-00276416-00277208 recently released toolkit that builds upon earlier work i think in 2018 the vision for 21st +H8EVRjraCMo-00460-00277208-00277976 century research but the pandemic undoubtedly has accelerated the drive towards open science unesco +H8EVRjraCMo-00461-00277976-00278552 amongst others has really talked about the importance of information sharing through open +H8EVRjraCMo-00462-00278552-00279320 science and the pandemic has illustrated the gains as we think about trans-border or cross-border +H8EVRjraCMo-00463-00279320-00280152 sharing and the industry higher education sharing of research outcomes unesco recently i think three +H8EVRjraCMo-00464-00280152-00280576 weeks ago released its final recommendation on open science do have a look out for that +H8EVRjraCMo-00465-00280576-00281096 i'm not going to belabor the point here i just want to spend a couple of moments talking in +H8EVRjraCMo-00466-00281096-00281584 greater detail about our approach to open science at cmu and if you can think about +H8EVRjraCMo-00467-00281656-00282264 what i'm seeing in the context of what you've heard about our cloud lab facility we have +H8EVRjraCMo-00468-00282264-00282960 five pillars to our open science promise to the university the first of those is a suite of tools +H8EVRjraCMo-00469-00282960-00283440 the slides will be available i'm going to go through these fairly quickly we very much have +H8EVRjraCMo-00470-00283520-00284200 adapted and adopted the open science framework as a core part of our approach to open science at cmu +H8EVRjraCMo-00471-00284272-00284920 widely adopted many hundreds if not thousands of users across the institution and then we have +H8EVRjraCMo-00472-00284920-00285608 carefully identified partners whose business models and products align with our approach +H8EVRjraCMo-00473-00285680-00286360 such as protocols and lab archives i've mentioned kilt hub already as our comprehensive repository +H8EVRjraCMo-00474-00286360-00286984 that so far seems able to accommodate anything that has bits and bytes and hopefully could +H8EVRjraCMo-00475-00286984-00287680 accommodate atoms in due course at the tail end we have been promoting open access agreements +H8EVRjraCMo-00476-00287680-00288384 um i've talked about these in a number of fora so i won't go into that in detail our second prong +H8EVRjraCMo-00477-00288384-00289024 is that of training we offer a number of carpentries workshops every semester +H8EVRjraCMo-00478-00289024-00289712 these are always oversubscribed and we could be running these i suspect every day and still find +H8EVRjraCMo-00479-00289712-00290264 that we couldn't meet all the demand we complement the carpentries which typically are two or three +H8EVRjraCMo-00480-00290264-00291032 days in duration with one two three hour workshops being delivered by the university libraries +H8EVRjraCMo-00481-00291032-00291832 in computational frameworks such as r python shell and git and these satisfy people who need just a +H8EVRjraCMo-00482-00291832-00292576 quick hit of how do i do a particular activity rather than a broad-based introduction and +H8EVRjraCMo-00483-00292576-00293376 we are beginning now to work on series of workshops to suit a particular business case +H8EVRjraCMo-00484-00293376-00294024 so reproducible research we will pull together four or five different workshops into a curriculum +H8EVRjraCMo-00485-00294024-00294712 that meets particular needs and we are now delivering discipline specific training workshops +H8EVRjraCMo-00486-00294712-00295448 we just completed a series in neuroimaging we have a series in genomics coming next semester third +H8EVRjraCMo-00487-00295544-00296208 component is our broader outreach events artificial intelligence for data discovery +H8EVRjraCMo-00488-00296208-00296912 and reuse started as a three-day conference just before the pandemic we went online last year +H8EVRjraCMo-00489-00296912-00297704 we took a a skip this year because we had core faculty members on leave but we hope in 2022 +H8EVRjraCMo-00490-00297704-00298432 to resume ader our open science symposium which we run in partnership with mellon college of science +H8EVRjraCMo-00491-00298432-00298904 similarly is a broad-based event that attracts an international audience +H8EVRjraCMo-00492-00299136-00299728 collaboration is something that we found is very much at the heart of our open science approach +H8EVRjraCMo-00493-00299728-00300416 our data collaborations laboratory pre-pandemic was held in the library once a week bringing +H8EVRjraCMo-00494-00300416-00301112 together data producers data scientists to share data to tackle data questions +H8EVRjraCMo-00495-00301112-00301808 that moved to zoom and has continued without missing a session throughout the pandemic we know +H8EVRjraCMo-00496-00301808-00302392 that the data collab will continue for some time but we're seeing a lot of demand to introduce also +H8EVRjraCMo-00497-00302392-00303232 a coding collab particularly for the the reasons that brian described with the emerald toolkit +H8EVRjraCMo-00498-00303232-00303856 and we're seeing a lot of interest in broader community engagement supporting citizen scientists +H8EVRjraCMo-00499-00303856-00304472 around and about campus and we're happy to add that to our collaboration framework and finally we +H8EVRjraCMo-00500-00304472-00305136 are trying to wrestle with questions of outreach and assessment how do we make sense of this +H8EVRjraCMo-00501-00305264-00306000 recently the open science team has developed a logic model to try and weave a way through the +H8EVRjraCMo-00502-00306000-00306624 question of what are the long-term outcomes and impacts of this work rather than just spin up +H8EVRjraCMo-00503-00306624-00307328 a platform and hope that people will use it we're viewing this as a gradient of different practices +H8EVRjraCMo-00504-00307328-00307912 recognizing that one size doesn't fit all different disciplines have different approaches +H8EVRjraCMo-00505-00307912-00308648 to the balance between private and open or public data private and open science and we +H8EVRjraCMo-00506-00308648-00309296 recognize that different research product projects also will bring with them different expectations +H8EVRjraCMo-00507-00309376-00310048 so for example we could imagine in our work with protocols io different approaches depending on +H8EVRjraCMo-00508-00310048-00310896 the circumstances in which the project is being conducted and we're now turning our thoughts to +H8EVRjraCMo-00509-00310896-00311592 metrics to help us understand how this is playing out are we achieving the institutions aspirations +H8EVRjraCMo-00510-00311592-00312136 around open science a lot of work beginning to get underway this is something that we hope we can +H8EVRjraCMo-00511-00312256-00312864 develop into a toolkit that we can share more broadly leveraging and building upon the national +H8EVRjraCMo-00512-00312864-00313528 academies work that i mentioned earlier and really trying to answer questions such as +H8EVRjraCMo-00513-00313616-00314048 what difference do our services make to our research how much time are they saving +H8EVRjraCMo-00514-00314104-00314696 how many grants are they able to attract based upon the models that we are putting in place a +H8EVRjraCMo-00515-00314696-00315328 lot more information is available on our website we produce a monthly newsletter if you go to the +H8EVRjraCMo-00516-00315328-00315976 link on the bottom right you can find back issues and sign up to receive a monthly mailing of that +H8EVRjraCMo-00517-00315976-00316712 newsletter my colleagues melanie gainey who's a neuroscientist wang who is a cell biologist +H8EVRjraCMo-00518-00316712-00317256 they're both faculty in the university libraries they would be delighted to hear from anyone who +H8EVRjraCMo-00519-00317256-00317912 wants to talk more about our service model they did a great presentation at virtual cni last week +H8EVRjraCMo-00520-00317912-00318616 and you can connect with them at the email address or the twitter hashtag with that i am going to +H8EVRjraCMo-00521-00318736-00319384 sit down and let cliff lead the conversation thank you very much +H8EVRjraCMo-00522-00319880-00320616 well thank thank you all including you brian i know you're out there somewhere um for a +H8EVRjraCMo-00523-00320616-00321472 wonderful overview um there there's so much we can talk about here and um i'm i'm definitely +H8EVRjraCMo-00524-00321472-00322008 going to leave some time for questions from the audience but i thought i'd start with a couple +H8EVRjraCMo-00525-00322008-00323160 of questions since i've had a few months to mull on this um so obviously this is not um a complete +H8EVRjraCMo-00526-00323160-00323896 replacement for individual faculty labs so this this fits beautifully with some workflows there +H8EVRjraCMo-00527-00323896-00324816 are other workflows that are very different um can you give any kind of a sense of what disciplines +H8EVRjraCMo-00528-00324816-00325736 are best covered by the cloud lab that you're envisioning putting in um and also some sense +H8EVRjraCMo-00529-00325736-00326488 of you know maybe the percentage of faculty that are affected by that are they're going to really +H8EVRjraCMo-00530-00326488-00327168 uh be affected by this right so do i think of all that all of science is automatable no +H8EVRjraCMo-00531-00327264-00328096 um do i think that we train students without ever stepping foot in a lab no but i do think +H8EVRjraCMo-00532-00328096-00328816 very much like teaching statistics you do the analysis of variance tables once or twice by hand +H8EVRjraCMo-00533-00328816-00329600 and then you appreciate the software so i see this very much the same way um with respect to +H8EVRjraCMo-00534-00329696-00330176 usage i think across camp i mean one of one of the things that i talked to brian +H8EVRjraCMo-00535-00330176-00330744 and dj a lot was i don't want to build this and have it sit idle so can can carnegie mellon +H8EVRjraCMo-00536-00330744-00331384 university keep this thing busy and they were very polite and they said rebecca between the the pis +H8EVRjraCMo-00537-00331384-00331976 the labs the faculty the courses grad and undergrad the postdocs the graduate students +H8EVRjraCMo-00538-00331976-00332664 and at carnegie mellon the undergrads yes they're all doing independent research so i think about +H8EVRjraCMo-00539-00332824-00333544 i think it's fair to say in the first two years upwards of 50 of the science that we do in the +H8EVRjraCMo-00540-00333544-00334192 teaching that we're doing so i'm including that um in there and then as this takes hold people +H8EVRjraCMo-00541-00334192-00334920 will be more creative they'll trust it and we'll go from there so right now my hope is 40 to 50 +H8EVRjraCMo-00542-00334920-00335608 in the first three years of everything brian what do you think oh and and now the second +H8EVRjraCMo-00543-00335608-00336328 part of the question was which disciplines so uh chemistry of very much so biology +H8EVRjraCMo-00544-00336576-00337336 biomedical research chemical engineering material science so it goes on and on at carnegie mellon +H8EVRjraCMo-00545-00337336-00337888 we have a we have a very broad umbrella over the university of usage ryan do you have anything to +H8EVRjraCMo-00546-00337888-00338440 add to that no that was that was pretty perfect i think the maybe the way to think about it in terms +H8EVRjraCMo-00547-00338440-00338944 of how it will complement existing technologies is similar to the movement we all made to data +H8EVRjraCMo-00548-00338944-00339576 centers right where initially you had to run all of your own local servers and then these larger +H8EVRjraCMo-00549-00339576-00340032 data centers came about and you saw them first being built sort of institutionally and then +H8EVRjraCMo-00550-00340032-00340552 there are more global data centers that get run today you know by huge financial institutions that +H8EVRjraCMo-00551-00340552-00341064 are serving everyone up and that doesn't mean that your computers go away certainly even if +H8EVRjraCMo-00552-00341064-00341728 you're using aws or google cloud for something you surely have pcs at your local site too and you'll +H8EVRjraCMo-00553-00341728-00342216 certainly have work that you're doing locally but a lot of your daily driver work for that sort of +H8EVRjraCMo-00554-00342216-00342624 advanced capability in terms of the you know the commercial efficiency of getting access to +H8EVRjraCMo-00555-00342624-00342984 that the scale of getting access to that so you can spin up you know many many servers +H8EVRjraCMo-00556-00342984-00343400 simultaneously so you can share that amongst the much broader community and share that cost +H8EVRjraCMo-00557-00343464-00343880 is so compelling in the long run that it changes a lot of your daily driver activity +H8EVRjraCMo-00558-00343960-00344688 right keith just whispered to me startup packages so what we hire assistant professors we have to do +H8EVRjraCMo-00559-00344688-00345368 lab renovations which are incredibly expensive and we have to fulfill this wish list individually of +H8EVRjraCMo-00560-00345368-00345840 each assistant professor and for those of you in academic there's there's this little competition +H8EVRjraCMo-00561-00345840-00346184 that goes on with assistant professors who got the better package from which university +H8EVRjraCMo-00562-00346280-00347072 we are now negotiating time on the cloud lab with our assistant professors and this is an efficiency +H8EVRjraCMo-00563-00347072-00347840 that's built in that we will appreciate over the years because the the lab renovations will go down +H8EVRjraCMo-00564-00347840-00348328 there will be more shared facilities when you do need a wet lab not everybody needs their own wet +H8EVRjraCMo-00565-00348328-00349176 lab anymore that they move into and move out of 30 years later and we'll be able to really maintain +H8EVRjraCMo-00566-00349176-00349576 top level instrumentation because we don't have to buy one from for every +H8EVRjraCMo-00567-00349672-00350384 faculty member on campus yeah thank you for the reminder yeah i mean it must i would think +H8EVRjraCMo-00568-00350384-00351056 it would also reflect in productivity because all of that um startup package and renovation +H8EVRjraCMo-00569-00351120-00351576 translates into time and lost productivity literally an assistant professor can come on day +H8EVRjraCMo-00570-00351576-00352256 one and they're good to go yeah they don't have to wait around for their lab to to get complete +H8EVRjraCMo-00571-00352256-00352720 we actually you know we often hire uh post docs and wait for them to finish their postdoc +H8EVRjraCMo-00572-00352720-00353136 we have postdocs that are coming in january that have been working on the cloud lab already +H8EVRjraCMo-00573-00353232-00354112 writing grants and so it's we're already seeing um really exciting things so i'm i'm so i suspect +H8EVRjraCMo-00574-00354112-00354888 somewhat like brian um i'm very struck drawing parallels between where this could lead and +H8EVRjraCMo-00575-00354952-00355904 the evolution of computing so for example one of the things we've seen in computing is institutions +H8EVRjraCMo-00576-00355904-00356824 working out these balances between when they use the public cloud when they use local facilities or +H8EVRjraCMo-00577-00356824-00357528 local cloud and when they use certain very high-end computational resources that are +H8EVRjraCMo-00578-00357640-00358080 you know national scale resources and i can readily imagine +H8EVRjraCMo-00579-00358240-00358984 this coalescing you know particularly as you have private and public cloud labs um uh +H8EVRjraCMo-00580-00359080-00360056 this this coalescing with some developments in um uh central um uh instrumentation +H8EVRjraCMo-00581-00360112-00360760 high priced really high priced instrumentation in a very similar kind of way um +H8EVRjraCMo-00582-00360856-00361360 does that does that feel at all plausible the analogy is pretty straightforward in +H8EVRjraCMo-00583-00361360-00361704 my mind brian you and i have talked about this do you have anything to add to that +H8EVRjraCMo-00584-00361864-00362336 yeah i think you've already seen that movement in some sense for the i think the physicists +H8EVRjraCMo-00585-00362336-00362792 are ahead of the life scientists in some sense they know how to share telescopes in a way that's +H8EVRjraCMo-00586-00362792-00363192 effective across the community where you know not everyone's going to have their own individual +H8EVRjraCMo-00587-00363280-00363656 you know hubble space telescope obviously it has to be shared by the global community +H8EVRjraCMo-00588-00363752-00364240 and what's different about life sciences is often it's considered a sort of hand-to-hand thing where +H8EVRjraCMo-00589-00364240-00364808 you have to be doing the majority of your work locally hands-on uh and so really the transition +H8EVRjraCMo-00590-00364808-00365288 there is we're just taking a lot of these daily activity uh instrumentation and putting that on +H8EVRjraCMo-00591-00365288-00365752 the cloud for more easy use and it means it's very it has to be very fast-paced because you +H8EVRjraCMo-00592-00365752-00366224 have to assert daily access to it but that same transition and definitely the same analogies on +H8EVRjraCMo-00593-00366280-00366504 what's happening with data center technology what's happened with +H8EVRjraCMo-00594-00366592-00367064 global sharing and other and other uh disciplines than life sciences should apply here too +H8EVRjraCMo-00595-00367336-00368384 last question for me before i open it up to the audience um i'm i i agree with you that this +H8EVRjraCMo-00596-00368384-00369160 active learning coupled with experimentation is really looking like it's going to be a +H8EVRjraCMo-00597-00369160-00370096 huge productivity multiplier um and this of course makes coupling inactive learning really easy um +H8EVRjraCMo-00598-00370176-00370952 how much of this are you actually seeing at this point brian are are people are people +H8EVRjraCMo-00599-00370952-00371464 really starting to do that now or is that still something that's kind of nichey +H8EVRjraCMo-00600-00371600-00372128 um i would say pretty much everyone either has an eye on it or actively has projects going +H8EVRjraCMo-00601-00372128-00372608 in that space and it's been interesting to see especially carnie mellon has been at the forefront +H8EVRjraCMo-00602-00372672-00373016 of publishing some of the new algorithms there's a great paper that came out a while ago about +H8EVRjraCMo-00603-00373104-00373432 like i said auto optimizing experiments which is very interesting where +H8EVRjraCMo-00604-00373520-00374000 uh i don't want to poorly summarize the work you should go look at the paper but it's like instead +H8EVRjraCMo-00605-00374000-00374504 of telling the the system we have right now this is exactly how i want you to run the experiment it +H8EVRjraCMo-00606-00374504-00374960 says okay these are the degrees of freedom i can run on the experiment and here's the outcome i'm +H8EVRjraCMo-00607-00374960-00375512 looking for let's write code that automatically runs a series of experiments analyzes those +H8EVRjraCMo-00608-00375512-00375976 results comes back and says all right we headed in the right direction moving down you know some +H8EVRjraCMo-00609-00375976-00376384 multi-dimensional surface and then try again with another set of experiments to get you closer and +H8EVRjraCMo-00610-00376384-00376976 closer to the prescribed outcome which might be say isolating a novel protein or might be trying +H8EVRjraCMo-00611-00376976-00377456 to uh you know get good mass spec resolution on the details of how to handle all the settings +H8EVRjraCMo-00612-00377456-00377928 there and then you're also seeing and i think this is this is sort of even more cutting edge than the +H8EVRjraCMo-00613-00378024-00378512 the self optimizing experiments is the people who are writing these these learning algorithms +H8EVRjraCMo-00614-00378512-00379072 that can actively sit on the cloud what's kind of cool about the the degree of granularity +H8EVRjraCMo-00615-00379128-00379688 in the database entries that are generated when someone runs an experiment on the cloud is just +H8EVRjraCMo-00616-00379688-00380176 it's it's so detailed because no one's doing any data entry it's all the capture coming from +H8EVRjraCMo-00617-00380176-00380608 all the metadata all the stuff from the primary instrument instrumentation it's getting captured +H8EVRjraCMo-00618-00380608-00381184 as well and so people can can set active learners on the database and say whenever anybody releases +H8EVRjraCMo-00619-00381248-00381824 the new piece of say chromatography data i want to completely update my training on my my model +H8EVRjraCMo-00620-00381824-00382232 and then have an active model that every day is getting better when anyone across anywhere +H8EVRjraCMo-00621-00382232-00382792 in the system uh you know releases new data it automatically runs the training so you can imagine +H8EVRjraCMo-00622-00382792-00383280 just from just a physical standpoint if you have to take what we're kind of at the state-of-the-art +H8EVRjraCMo-00623-00383280-00383800 right now if the publication goes into a journal and then sort of manually try to munch that data +H8EVRjraCMo-00624-00383800-00384152 into the right format that's going to be useful for some learning algorithm at the end of the day +H8EVRjraCMo-00625-00384152-00384576 it's a very different step than well if the thing started and lived and breathed on the computer to +H8EVRjraCMo-00626-00384576-00384928 begin with and everything was computational to begin with it's not hard to start automating +H8EVRjraCMo-00627-00384928-00385392 connecting all those wires to really get turbocharged on that learning initiative +H8EVRjraCMo-00628-00385576-00386256 that is really cool it kind of makes me wonder for not for all data brian but +H8EVRjraCMo-00629-00386432-00386872 there are certain synthetic data that maybe we don't have to store anymore +H8EVRjraCMo-00630-00386872-00387160 because we can just reproduce it cheaper than we can store it +H8EVRjraCMo-00631-00387568-00388112 just a thought yeah no it i mean it's it's an analogy again with computing you know um +H8EVRjraCMo-00632-00388112-00388816 as computing has gotten cheaper you sometimes say i can recompute that um cheaper than i can store +H8EVRjraCMo-00633-00388816-00389384 it and take care of it in the long run and you're going to be able to make exactly the same kind of +H8EVRjraCMo-00634-00389448-00390200 judgments here with all the data you need to reproduce the data and again not all science but +H8EVRjraCMo-00635-00390200-00390360 i think there's a large portion of it yeah +H8EVRjraCMo-00636-00390664-00391024 well you kind of see that in in little optimizations too there's stuff already in +H8EVRjraCMo-00637-00391024-00391504 the lab like you know we could do computational predictions of density but we just take a trip +H8EVRjraCMo-00638-00391504-00391952 through the density meter yeah first time you see the compound always and that's that's just +H8EVRjraCMo-00639-00391952-00392400 another bit of code the execution time of that is is centered against like how long would the +H8EVRjraCMo-00640-00392400-00392736 quantum computing take to figure this out yeah relative to like well it's just going +H8EVRjraCMo-00641-00392736-00393104 to physically mix up the facility stick with the machine and get a result back and then +H8EVRjraCMo-00642-00393104-00393488 that's that too is executed through code so what in the end is the difference in that execution +H8EVRjraCMo-00643-00393552-00393968 if it's tied to the physical thing or if it's tied to the purely computational thing +H8EVRjraCMo-00644-00394200-00395096 let's open this up for questions from you um uh the floor is open i bet you have a few +H8EVRjraCMo-00645-00395640-00395816 we really liked your talk thank you +H8EVRjraCMo-00646-00396320-00397112 thank you i'd like to talk to you oh good we have a fan club i'm rebecca hi uh a couple of questions +H8EVRjraCMo-00647-00397112-00397600 but i i do want to first comment on something you said about grad students not needing to sleep +H8EVRjraCMo-00648-00397600-00398144 either go to the bathroom i wish you and told my advisor that um the two questions are actually +H8EVRjraCMo-00649-00398144-00398736 about going to scale i don't have any doubt you will have tons of demand for this right so one is +H8EVRjraCMo-00650-00398736-00399232 operational one is more strategic business-like so back in the day when we didn't have access +H8EVRjraCMo-00651-00399232-00399704 to computing the way we do through amazon web services we had batch cues right so i'm completely +H8EVRjraCMo-00652-00399704-00400192 behind the idea the active learning that's great but can you imagine one thing about how you scale +H8EVRjraCMo-00653-00400192-00400720 is having sort of these batch cues like running jobs in slow slow batch mode and the second is +H8EVRjraCMo-00654-00400848-00401200 how do you make sure you don't get acquired by amazon or actually is that okay +H8EVRjraCMo-00655-00401456-00401792 brian i'm going to let you think about the second question um +H8EVRjraCMo-00656-00401792-00402424 yeah so you can you can uh you know you can batch these for sure you just have your prioritization +H8EVRjraCMo-00657-00402424-00403016 brian show to this um so yeah the batch the batch question's the easy one i'm gonna take that one +H8EVRjraCMo-00658-00403016-00403696 uh easy peasy for sure um and yeah just pri it's just like computing you know just +H8EVRjraCMo-00659-00403696-00404264 prioritization um when when an assistant brian i'm buying time so you can think about an answer for +H8EVRjraCMo-00660-00404264-00405056 the second question um when an assistant professor buys threads it's like cycles on a compute system +H8EVRjraCMo-00661-00405056-00405736 we sell threads to the assistant professors those are their dedicated threads but in a facility +H8EVRjraCMo-00662-00405736-00406320 which you know if other threads are available then we just want to keep them busy right so +H8EVRjraCMo-00663-00406320-00406864 it's just the analogy to computing is solid for sure all right brian how'd i do and buy a new time +H8EVRjraCMo-00664-00406960-00407344 yeah that was that was great yeah absolutely and part of what we do on the resource manager +H8EVRjraCMo-00665-00407344-00407920 is actually slip in you can imagine a lot of the working facilities maintaining all these machines +H8EVRjraCMo-00666-00407920-00408232 qualifying all these machines so constantly running controls on them to test that they're +H8EVRjraCMo-00667-00408232-00408760 working nominally and you know the traffic manager knows when there's a quiet moment and sneaks in +H8EVRjraCMo-00668-00408760-00409152 a bit of maintenance thinks in a bit of qualification and that happens on the same +H8EVRjraCMo-00669-00409152-00409544 execution system that all the protocols do we had a discussion at one point even +H8EVRjraCMo-00670-00409600-00410064 for the bashing the farmers didn't like this but i think academia would be much more open to it +H8EVRjraCMo-00671-00410064-00410488 of creating like we were joking we're probably like the uber pool version of an experiment +H8EVRjraCMo-00672-00410488-00410952 where you're like well my parameters are similar enough to this other experiment that's running +H8EVRjraCMo-00673-00410952-00411328 that what if we just batch that together on like the same run on the say the mass +H8EVRjraCMo-00674-00411328-00411800 spec for instance uh and then do one run together as opposed to two individual runs +H8EVRjraCMo-00675-00411800-00412304 uh you can imagine why farmer doesn't like that idea but for cost saving measure that +H8EVRjraCMo-00676-00412304-00412608 makes a whole lot of sense especially if your end goal is to publish the thing anyway +H8EVRjraCMo-00677-00412672-00413304 why not that makes that makes total sense as to that question of uh being acquired by amazon +H8EVRjraCMo-00678-00413424-00413912 uh i would hope that we remain independent and see this technology through the end of the day i +H8EVRjraCMo-00679-00413912-00414720 mean one of the the the sort of uh dji i've talked about this at length but doing what we've done is +H8EVRjraCMo-00680-00414720-00415192 that the 10 years of technology development that went into getting us as far as we did uh was a a +H8EVRjraCMo-00681-00415192-00415647 huge investment and there are much easier ways to make money than the way we find our mouth doing +H8EVRjraCMo-00682-00415647-00416216 things so for us as practitioners that wanted to use this technology and really we built the lab we +H8EVRjraCMo-00683-00416216-00416752 wanted to use it's most important for us to see this technology become a sort of a new standard +H8EVRjraCMo-00684-00416752-00417072 out in the world and that everyone gets access to it that we will have access to in the future to +H8EVRjraCMo-00685-00417072-00417608 do our own research i very much imagine my own retirement as being able to go in the cabin in +H8EVRjraCMo-00686-00417608-00418080 the woods and run experiments all day if i wanted to for my computer so for me what's most important +H8EVRjraCMo-00687-00418080-00418512 is whatever gets this technology out into the world in the broadest way possible yep thanks +H8EVRjraCMo-00688-00418728-00419312 we have another question hi there i'm cody hanson from the university of minnesota thank you so much +H8EVRjraCMo-00689-00419312-00419800 this is very exciting um i'm curious this is probably mostly a question for brian but i'm +H8EVRjraCMo-00690-00419800-00420456 curious and forgive me if i miss this but what aspects of your uh platform and execution system +H8EVRjraCMo-00691-00420456-00421080 are proprietary and what aspects are open thinking in terms of the the open science +H8EVRjraCMo-00692-00421080-00421720 and reproducibility aspects of this is the notation for the experiments proprietary to +H8EVRjraCMo-00693-00421720-00422424 an emerald cloud lab or a similar uh lab or is it something that uh is open for uh implementation +H8EVRjraCMo-00694-00422424-00422984 anywhere right so thank you very nice to meet you um this is a legal partnership between um +H8EVRjraCMo-00695-00423128-00423735 talked to a lot of lawyers um between emerald and and cmu the the software that ties all the +H8EVRjraCMo-00696-00423735-00424288 instruments together is proprietary um brian you want to take it from there yeah i mean it's +H8EVRjraCMo-00697-00424288-00424816 an excellent question because it is as you can imagine a incredibly deep technology stack because +H8EVRjraCMo-00698-00424816-00425192 we've got i got all the way down to the bare metal and what's going on on the actual instruments and +H8EVRjraCMo-00699-00425192-00425616 then all the way back up to sharing the data and processing a lot of what you saw in those screen +H8EVRjraCMo-00700-00425616-00426112 shares is actually just the simple thing of data visualization we found that we had to write like a +H8EVRjraCMo-00701-00426112-00426776 single data visualization platform for everything uh because if you had to purchase the 200 +H8EVRjraCMo-00702-00426776-00427272 different visualization platforms that come out of each of the instrument vendors that would also +H8EVRjraCMo-00703-00427272-00427800 be cost prohibitive and not work so we had to sort of centralize things the way it works right now is +H8EVRjraCMo-00704-00427800-00428352 the the acquisition software that's tied to each instrument is still the manufacturer's acquisition +H8EVRjraCMo-00705-00428352-00429039 software so if for instance we're using an nmr or uh from you know broker or the xrd from regaku +H8EVRjraCMo-00706-00429104-00429535 it's using their acquisition software and so you know if you build one of these you have to +H8EVRjraCMo-00707-00429535-00429872 commercially purchase that in order to get the thing up and running of course the other day +H8EVRjraCMo-00708-00429872-00430416 now all of them have data export and very few of them have method import and that's mostly +H8EVRjraCMo-00709-00430416-00430720 where we do our fighting and try to write all the software interfaces at the end of the day +H8EVRjraCMo-00710-00430784-00431192 what we do right now is package it all into this big database called constellation +H8EVRjraCMo-00711-00431192-00431624 and that ontology is very public anyone can see who has access to the cloud lab +H8EVRjraCMo-00712-00431624-00432184 you know uh exactly what the ontology is and it is uh extremely sophisticated we're up to i think +H8EVRjraCMo-00713-00432288-00432808 1300 different data types with even more uh like ten times as many of that different fields +H8EVRjraCMo-00714-00432808-00433128 that are all indexed and controlled at the end of the day because the +H8EVRjraCMo-00715-00433128-00433504 the intricacy of the data you produce but all of that structure of the data +H8EVRjraCMo-00716-00433504-00433984 is is public and out there the actual application we run this thing called command center +H8EVRjraCMo-00717-00433984-00434360 is a collaboration between ourselves and actually will from research so the folks who write +H8EVRjraCMo-00718-00434424-00434896 mathematica stephen wolf and i work actually quite a bit together on the language into the +H8EVRjraCMo-00719-00434896-00435528 philosophy of that we talk pretty regularly he's a partner with the company uh and so you know you +H8EVRjraCMo-00720-00435600-00436039 yeah if you wanted access to the the like libraries of software that we put on top +H8EVRjraCMo-00721-00436039-00436376 of that which is this thing called symbolic lab language you might need to for instance purchase +H8EVRjraCMo-00722-00436376-00436952 a copy of mathematica to get access to that um if you have the exported notebooks or you get a +H8EVRjraCMo-00723-00436952-00437392 copy of command center which is not the major cost in getting access to the cloud +H8EVRjraCMo-00724-00437392-00437784 lab anyway which is our software too to be able to integrate all that stuff at the end of the day +H8EVRjraCMo-00725-00438368-00438520 for further questions +H8EVRjraCMo-00726-00439256-00439335 going once +H8EVRjraCMo-00727-00439760-00440232 hi uh thank you for the talk boy on camera university of rhode island i have a question +H8EVRjraCMo-00728-00440232-00441008 about the um sort of post experiment in the cloud lab i'm curious about waste disposal after the +H8EVRjraCMo-00729-00441008-00441560 experiment so in the wet lab setting i can see that the bench science the practice is +H8EVRjraCMo-00730-00441560-00442432 highly automated in this cloud lab but uh waste disposal is also performed by staff in the lab +H8EVRjraCMo-00731-00442432-00443000 setting physically and you mentioned that you do not expect the scientists to be actually +H8EVRjraCMo-00732-00443000-00443456 visiting the lab impossible and things like that but i'm sure that there are some people involved +H8EVRjraCMo-00733-00443456-00443984 coming in and stuff so i was curious if that site is also more automated in the setting and how +H8EVRjraCMo-00734-00444120-00444760 there are technique yeah thank you there are technicians in the facility who are trained to +H8EVRjraCMo-00735-00444760-00445568 um sometimes you do need humans to move things so yes there are technicians in trained technicians +H8EVRjraCMo-00736-00445568-00446296 in the facility that are on i've learned recently on three shifts because it's 24 7 365. um +H8EVRjraCMo-00737-00446296-00446752 but they are not faculty and students they're these are folks who are trained to be in a +H8EVRjraCMo-00738-00446752-00447408 facility like this so yeah they they do the waste management and things like that and yeah +H8EVRjraCMo-00739-00447600-00447992 the waste looks pretty traditional i know one thing that i would mention that's kind of cool +H8EVRjraCMo-00740-00447992-00448543 that's interesting that's new about the cloud lab is uh you can in in advance of running an +H8EVRjraCMo-00741-00448543-00448920 experiment you can do the sort of forensic accounting one might do to sit down and say +H8EVRjraCMo-00742-00448920-00449416 like what is every micro liter of source coming from how much waste does that produce of what type +H8EVRjraCMo-00743-00449416-00450000 uh you know how much plastic wear do i use of like exactly how many tips like pipette tips i'm going +H8EVRjraCMo-00744-00450000-00450552 to use et cetera and because that stuff has to be provisioned for anyway by the resource manager +H8EVRjraCMo-00745-00450552-00451000 which is the big software system we write to sort of execute all the experiments you +H8EVRjraCMo-00746-00451000-00451392 can get a picture of exactly what that is down to the penny before you run an experiment so +H8EVRjraCMo-00747-00451392-00451743 i haven't seen anyone do it yet but i think it would be really cool to see someone write an ai +H8EVRjraCMo-00748-00451743-00452208 that you know instead of just optimizing for some experimental outcome could optimize for +H8EVRjraCMo-00749-00452208-00452664 produce the least amount of waste or or spend the least amount of money on materials those are +H8EVRjraCMo-00750-00452664-00453208 all things that are now computationally accessible and sort of connected to the experiments you're on +H8EVRjraCMo-00751-00453320-00453984 this has real legs with the federal government for sure right yeah so i mean it's a whole it's +H8EVRjraCMo-00752-00453984-00454768 a whole discipline optimizing your experiment right and with every aspect waste finances it's +H8EVRjraCMo-00753-00454768-00455720 really interesting to think about yeah sure it really is we are at time um brian thank you so +H8EVRjraCMo-00754-00455720-00456624 much for coming in remotely for this conversation and for showing us around the emerald cloud lab +H8EVRjraCMo-00755-00456880-00457639 keith rebecca thank you for a seriously mind-expanding presentation +H8EVRjraCMo-00756-00457639-00458424 and i can't wait to see this in operation next year so please +H8EVRjraCMo-00757-00458680-00459816 join me in thanking these fantastic presenters and with that we're done i wish you safe travels uh +H8EVRjraCMo-00758-00459816-00460904 home i wish you a good new year and i hope that i will see many of you in san diego in +H8EVRjraCMo-00759-00461120-00461384 i believe it's very late march um but +H8EVRjraCMo-00760-00461488-00462039 the dates are on the website uh we will be doing a virtual event as well and we'll be +H8EVRjraCMo-00761-00462096-00462784 announcing plans for all that in the not too distant future but enjoy your holidays and +H8EVRjraCMo-00762-00462784-00463584 thank you so much for coming and joining us for this meeting uh it's wonderful to see you all +H8EVRjraCMo-00763-00465239-00465289 you +Ht1C87W-ydy-00000-00000006-00000222 [Captions by Judy V. at Y Translator] A lot of you have been asking +Ht1C87W-ydy-00001-00000274-00000600 why Abby isn't going to the same school. +Ht1C87W-ydy-00002-00000600-00000694 Are you okay? +Ht1C87W-ydy-00003-00000694-00001757 [Music] +Ht1C87W-ydy-00004-00001757-00002238 >> I'm watching them so that I learn how to work when I grow up. +Ht1C87W-ydy-00005-00002238-00002413 >> You want to be a hard worker too, +Ht1C87W-ydy-00006-00002414-00002620 so you're gonna be out there watching them? +Ht1C87W-ydy-00007-00002660-00003210 Okay well pay close attention because what they're doing is artwork. +Ht1C87W-ydy-00008-00003288-00003568 >> Yeah, but I don't understand what they're saying. +Ht1C87W-ydy-00009-00003674-00003886 >> You talk to Jose. He's really good. +Ht1C87W-ydy-00010-00003906-00004050 Okay? >> Who's he? +Ht1C87W-ydy-00011-00004088-00004214 >> He's the foreman. +Ht1C87W-ydy-00012-00004214-00004330 He's the one that talks to me. +Ht1C87W-ydy-00013-00004330-00004476 He's the one with the beard. +Ht1C87W-ydy-00014-00004550-00004730 And you can ask them all the questions you want, +Ht1C87W-ydy-00015-00004731-00004907 but you stay out of his way, okay? +Ht1C87W-ydy-00016-00004908-00005054 Just sit right here and watch. +Ht1C87W-ydy-00017-00005224-00005421 Once Eve goes out there and starts talking, +Ht1C87W-ydy-00018-00005421-00005530 it's all downhill from there. +Ht1C87W-ydy-00019-00005530-00005910 But I was assured that they have kids who like to talk their ears off, +Ht1C87W-ydy-00020-00005910-00006224 and they promised me they don't care but I just don't know if I believe them. +Ht1C87W-ydy-00021-00006224-00006400 I think they're just being super nice. +Ht1C87W-ydy-00022-00006400-00006692 Our backyard is coming along so well. +Ht1C87W-ydy-00023-00006692-00006964 You guys, I'm really really excited to show you what it's going to look like. +Ht1C87W-ydy-00024-00006964-00007104 They should be done soon. +Ht1C87W-ydy-00025-00007104-00007404 They're working really fast, and doing a really good job at it, +Ht1C87W-ydy-00026-00007404-00007528 and it's just... +Ht1C87W-ydy-00027-00007528-00007770 I've loved getting to know this crew. +Ht1C87W-ydy-00028-00007770-00008122 Their story-- Everyone has an amazing story. +Ht1C87W-ydy-00029-00008122-00008384 Like I don't care who you talk to, +Ht1C87W-ydy-00030-00008442-00008592 they-- everybody, +Ht1C87W-ydy-00031-00008592-00008790 everybody has an amazing story, +Ht1C87W-ydy-00032-00008790-00009078 and so it's kind of neat to slow down life a little bit, +Ht1C87W-ydy-00033-00009078-00009548 and talk to them and find out what, what people stories are around you. +Ht1C87W-ydy-00034-00009548-00009714 Do they know you're on that? +Ht1C87W-ydy-00035-00009734-00009790 >> Yeah. +Ht1C87W-ydy-00036-00009810-00009896 >> Are you sure? +Ht1C87W-ydy-00037-00009896-00010128 Did they say that you could touch those? +Ht1C87W-ydy-00038-00010128-00010222 >> Yes. +Ht1C87W-ydy-00039-00010228-00010362 They took out the key. +Ht1C87W-ydy-00040-00010410-00010600 >> You are so cute. >> I wish I could go in there. +Ht1C87W-ydy-00041-00010600-00010704 >> Yeah, you better not. +Ht1C87W-ydy-00042-00010732-00010782 >> Why? +Ht1C87W-ydy-00043-00010782-00010856 >> Don't go in there. +Ht1C87W-ydy-00044-00010856-00011074 >> Why? >> Because it's dangerous, +Ht1C87W-ydy-00045-00011074-00011284 and there's no room to breathe in there. +Ht1C87W-ydy-00046-00011284-00011568 So, do you remember when I told Eve +Ht1C87W-ydy-00047-00011568-00011992 if I got that pink gymnastics outfit out of the closet? +Ht1C87W-ydy-00048-00011992-00012248 That she couldn't wear it day in and day out? +Ht1C87W-ydy-00049-00012248-00012392 And um... That's it. +Ht1C87W-ydy-00050-00012392-00012668 That's all she wears, and it's a dirty mess. +Ht1C87W-ydy-00051-00012712-00013047 You have to promise me you're not going to wear it every single day and sleep in, +Ht1C87W-ydy-00052-00013047-00013188 and never change out of it. +Ht1C87W-ydy-00053-00013190-00013240 >> Okay. +Ht1C87W-ydy-00054-00013240-00013362 >> Because that's what happened last time, +Ht1C87W-ydy-00055-00013362-00013578 and it got to be a stinky problem. +Ht1C87W-ydy-00056-00013619-00013769 >> Okay. >> You promise? +Ht1C87W-ydy-00057-00013769-00013838 >> Yes. +Ht1C87W-ydy-00058-00013863-00014082 >> I don't think she's keeping her end of the deal. +Ht1C87W-ydy-00059-00014234-00014472 Eve, are you ever gonna wear anything else other than that? +Ht1C87W-ydy-00060-00014472-00014706 >> We do gymnastics. +Ht1C87W-ydy-00061-00014706-00014945 >> I have to show you how beautiful this is turning out. +Ht1C87W-ydy-00062-00014945-00015332 All of the remarks I'm getting from Instagram is +Ht1C87W-ydy-00063-00015332-00015866 why would you take out all of your grass and replace it with with brick? +Ht1C87W-ydy-00064-00015866-00016096 And it is not brick, it's paver. +Ht1C87W-ydy-00065-00016096-00016318 Hold off any judgment until you see the final product. +Ht1C87W-ydy-00066-00016318-00016594 I promise you're going to love it. +Ht1C87W-ydy-00067-00016594-00016670 I promise. +Ht1C87W-ydy-00068-00016670-00016886 When you see what we're doing with it.. +Ht1C87W-ydy-00069-00016924-00017084 But it-- right now, it does look like +Ht1C87W-ydy-00070-00017084-00017410 we replaced all the soft pretty grass with pavers +Ht1C87W-ydy-00071-00017410-00017674 but it's going to be amazing. +Ht1C87W-ydy-00072-00017674-00017900 So, this is kind of what it looks like right now. +Ht1C87W-ydy-00073-00017900-00018308 Everything that we did, we've had in mind grandchildren, +Ht1C87W-ydy-00074-00018308-00018426 lots and lots of children, +Ht1C87W-ydy-00075-00018426-00018722 children were our first priority in making this, +Ht1C87W-ydy-00076-00018722-00019032 and so it's going to be wonderful, +Ht1C87W-ydy-00077-00019032-00019430 and when they get their little bikes and tricycles and stuff, +Ht1C87W-ydy-00078-00019430-00019510 there's going to be-- +Ht1C87W-ydy-00079-00019510-00019822 They can ride their bikes in a circle all the way around the house. +Ht1C87W-ydy-00080-00019822-00020230 They can start over in the front and ride their bikes all along here, +Ht1C87W-ydy-00081-00020230-00020520 in front of the adults, who will be roasting marshmallows, +Ht1C87W-ydy-00082-00020520-00020722 all the way around and back again. +Ht1C87W-ydy-00083-00020722-00020926 So there's going to be lots of room for play, +Ht1C87W-ydy-00084-00020926-00021186 and the soft pretty stuff is still coming. +Ht1C87W-ydy-00085-00021186-00021604 [Music] +Ht1C87W-ydy-00086-00021604-00021702 Russell! +Ht1C87W-ydy-00087-00021732-00021980 You know I'm gonna get after you for your shoes and socks again. +Ht1C87W-ydy-00088-00021981-00022246 I keep telling you to put these shoes and socks away, +Ht1C87W-ydy-00089-00022246-00022428 and they are all over the house. +Ht1C87W-ydy-00090-00022484-00022594 No, not funny. +Ht1C87W-ydy-00091-00022702-00022842 Drop down and give me 10 push-ups. +Ht1C87W-ydy-00092-00022842-00022948 >> Oh no. +Ht1C87W-ydy-00093-00022958-00023060 Oh no. +Ht1C87W-ydy-00094-00023138-00023266 >> Bend those elbows. +Ht1C87W-ydy-00095-00023570-00023680 Butt's flat. +Ht1C87W-ydy-00096-00023778-00023980 And your hands need to come under your face. +Ht1C87W-ydy-00097-00024250-00024450 >> Julie! >> I was helping him. +Ht1C87W-ydy-00098-00024608-00024712 Okay, look at me. +Ht1C87W-ydy-00099-00024782-00025208 You are either going to get really really good at putting your shoes and socks away, +Ht1C87W-ydy-00100-00025220-00025544 or you're going to get really really good at doing push-ups. +Ht1C87W-ydy-00101-00025544-00025638 >> Oh no. +Ht1C87W-ydy-00102-00025645-00025860 >> Which do you want to get really good at? +Ht1C87W-ydy-00103-00025933-00026248 >> I want to be strong so push ups. +Ht1C87W-ydy-00104-00026654-00026766 >> You can do both. +Ht1C87W-ydy-00105-00026766-00026994 Get your shoes and socks put away. +Ht1C87W-ydy-00106-00026994-00027510 Do your parents ever make you exercise because you don't put your things away? +Ht1C87W-ydy-00107-00027648-00027806 Get going! +Ht1C87W-ydy-00108-00028158-00028232 Run! +Ht1C87W-ydy-00109-00028294-00028456 Or I'll give you 10 more push-ups. +Ht1C87W-ydy-00110-00028592-00028816 The girls were in charge of doing the kitchen. +Ht1C87W-ydy-00111-00028850-00029086 I say they did a really good job. >> Russell's socks! +Ht1C87W-ydy-00112-00029172-00029450 >> Russell, I gave you a calendar. >> Get them put away. +Ht1C87W-ydy-00113-00029458-00029533 Hurry! +Ht1C87W-ydy-00114-00029533-00029626 >> I gave you a calen-- +Ht1C87W-ydy-00115-00029748-00029902 >> A calendar. >> Russell. +Ht1C87W-ydy-00116-00029932-00029989 Russell. +Ht1C87W-ydy-00117-00029989-00030286 If I see these sock put on your floor in your bedroom, +Ht1C87W-ydy-00118-00030286-00030383 you'll have to do it again. +Ht1C87W-ydy-00119-00030383-00030604 Make sure they find their way to the hamper. +Ht1C87W-ydy-00120-00030604-00030929 >> There's like in the basement, and we asked him to put them away, +Ht1C87W-ydy-00121-00030929-00031124 he hides them under the couch. +Ht1C87W-ydy-00122-00031172-00031416 >> Do you have any socks hidden under the couch? +Ht1C87W-ydy-00123-00031416-00031492 >> Maybe. +Ht1C87W-ydy-00124-00031527-00031602 >> Do you? +Ht1C87W-ydy-00125-00031602-00031712 >> Let's go check. +Ht1C87W-ydy-00126-00031714-00031912 >> You better hurry go check because I'm gonna go check it, +Ht1C87W-ydy-00127-00031912-00032176 if I find them, you're gonna do 20 push-ups. +Ht1C87W-ydy-00128-00032244-00032308 Run! +Ht1C87W-ydy-00129-00032402-00032644 Oh guys. Good morning! +Ht1C87W-ydy-00130-00032644-00032936 Yesterday, at around midnight, +Ht1C87W-ydy-00131-00032936-00033146 I got home from Lake Powell. +Ht1C87W-ydy-00132-00033190-00033542 The Orgills took me to Lake Powell for a whole week, +Ht1C87W-ydy-00133-00033596-00033790 and they took me home last night. +Ht1C87W-ydy-00134-00033834-00033946 I feel excited to come home +Ht1C87W-ydy-00135-00033946-00034578 because I was very sore from all the tubing and wakeboarding. +Ht1C87W-ydy-00136-00034578-00034704 I'm not surfing. +Ht1C87W-ydy-00137-00034704-00034930 I jumped off cliffs, that was fun. +Ht1C87W-ydy-00138-00034954-00035344 And also if you want to see what happened at Lake Powell, +Ht1C87W-ydy-00139-00035344-00035656 go over to April and Davey's Channel. +Ht1C87W-ydy-00140-00035874-00035994 April and Davey... +Ht1C87W-ydy-00141-00036122-00036294 And watch their videos. +Ht1C87W-ydy-00142-00036294-00036574 >> I don't think I'm ever ever gonna let you leave again. +Ht1C87W-ydy-00143-00036574-00036760 >> Why? >> To go with April and Davey. +Ht1C87W-ydy-00144-00036760-00036842 >> Why? +Ht1C87W-ydy-00145-00036842-00037182 >> Because he came home and he like grew up like... +Ht1C87W-ydy-00146-00037254-00037524 You look like you've aged like two or three years, +Ht1C87W-ydy-00147-00037525-00037728 and your voice sounds like you've... +Ht1C87W-ydy-00148-00037728-00037972 Like... I'm teasing obviously. +Ht1C87W-ydy-00149-00037972-00038382 Yes you can go, but like you just grew up... +Ht1C87W-ydy-00150-00038382-00038546 When you left. +Ht1C87W-ydy-00151-00038662-00038756 Miss you. +Ht1C87W-ydy-00152-00038812-00038924 You look good. +Ht1C87W-ydy-00153-00039022-00039356 >> So, we were just cleaning the kitchen, +Ht1C87W-ydy-00154-00039356-00039754 and then I was gonna put something away, +Ht1C87W-ydy-00155-00039754-00039994 and then I saw this. +Ht1C87W-ydy-00156-00039994-00040704 Broken cup splatter creamy everywhere? +Ht1C87W-ydy-00157-00040704-00040864 Who do you think did this? +Ht1C87W-ydy-00158-00040864-00040978 >> Russell? +Ht1C87W-ydy-00159-00040978-00041148 Let's clean it up before Mom figures out. +Ht1C87W-ydy-00160-00041148-00041306 >> Yeah, if we do, +Ht1C87W-ydy-00161-00041306-00041606 we'll stay home and we won't get to play with friends. +Ht1C87W-ydy-00162-00041606-00041900 We better do it before she gets home +Ht1C87W-ydy-00163-00041900-00042176 because that would be really bad. +Ht1C87W-ydy-00164-00042242-00042532 Plus, I don't think she's gonna be gone for very long. +Ht1C87W-ydy-00165-00042532-00042592 So... +Ht1C87W-ydy-00166-00042592-00042882 >> We found Russell and we're having him clean it up now. +Ht1C87W-ydy-00167-00042882-00043112 >> And then once you're done, drop down and give us 20. +Ht1C87W-ydy-00168-00043112-00043304 >> No. I don't think... I don't think.. +Ht1C87W-ydy-00169-00043304-00043736 We all-- we've all broken something in our childhood, right? +Ht1C87W-ydy-00170-00043736-00043810 >> Yeah. +Ht1C87W-ydy-00171-00043810-00043878 >> Yeah. +Ht1C87W-ydy-00172-00043878-00044112 >> Mom made me drop down and do 20. +Ht1C87W-ydy-00173-00044404-00045488 [Music] +Ht1C87W-ydy-00174-00045488-00046052 >> A lot of you have been asking why Abby isn't going to the same school. +Ht1C87W-ydy-00175-00046052-00046142 Are you okay? +Ht1C87W-ydy-00176-00046158-00046336 Oh your teeth hurt. >> I can't bite. +Ht1C87W-ydy-00177-00046344-00046662 I took Chad in to get his retainer for the first time, +Ht1C87W-ydy-00178-00046662-00046792 and it hurts. +Ht1C87W-ydy-00179-00046793-00047040 So Abby... +Ht1C87W-ydy-00180-00047040-00047273 Abby is going to the public school. +Ht1C87W-ydy-00181-00047304-00047640 The rest of the kids are going to a private school. +Ht1C87W-ydy-00182-00047672-00047818 Here's why. +Ht1C87W-ydy-00183-00047818-00048000 >> There was no room. >> There was no room. +Ht1C87W-ydy-00184-00048000-00048194 >> They dropped her again, it'll be two times. +Ht1C87W-ydy-00185-00048272-00048424 >> Stop interrupting! +Ht1C87W-ydy-00186-00048454-00048720 That's like the hardest part of vlogging. >> Drop and give me 20. +Ht1C87W-ydy-00187-00048720-00048854 >> At our house is, +Ht1C87W-ydy-00188-00048854-00049144 everyone is so excited to talk and say something. +Ht1C87W-ydy-00189-00049144-00049636 Anyway there is no room for another six grader. +Ht1C87W-ydy-00190-00049684-00049860 But she got put on a waiting list, +Ht1C87W-ydy-00191-00049860-00050110 and I'm curious to know where she is in that waiting list +Ht1C87W-ydy-00192-00050110-00050300 because she could actually get called, +Ht1C87W-ydy-00193-00050300-00050700 and said, "Hey, we had someone drop out, so now you can come." +Ht1C87W-ydy-00194-00050700-00051112 >> I could just go back to fifth grade and be top of the class. +Ht1C87W-ydy-00195-00051112-00051254 >> She technically could, yeah. +Ht1C87W-ydy-00196-00051254-00051544 They could call next week, and say, "Oh there's an opening." +Ht1C87W-ydy-00197-00051558-00051710 So, I'm gonna call the school, +Ht1C87W-ydy-00198-00051710-00051929 and find out what number you are on the waiting list, +Ht1C87W-ydy-00199-00051929-00052114 and if you're like number one or two... +Ht1C87W-ydy-00200-00052179-00052279 Wow, that's awesome. +Ht1C87W-ydy-00201-00052279-00052602 If you're like number 30, then don't plan on it. +Ht1C87W-ydy-00202-00052628-00052875 >> I already told my friends I'm going to the public school. +Ht1C87W-ydy-00203-00052875-00052986 I mean the private school. +Ht1C87W-ydy-00204-00052986-00053086 >> Oh dear. +Ht1C87W-ydy-00205-00053086-00053276 >> So you gonna feel-- >> Our school is almost gonna be done. +Ht1C87W-ydy-00206-00053276-00053657 >> Are you gonna feel stupid going back to public school or you okay with that? +Ht1C87W-ydy-00207-00053657-00053834 >> I want to go to the private school, +Ht1C87W-ydy-00208-00053834-00054136 but I want to stay in the public because my friends are there. +Ht1C87W-ydy-00209-00054160-00054216 >> Okay. +Ht1C87W-ydy-00210-00054216-00054367 Well, let's find out, okay. +Ht1C87W-ydy-00211-00054367-00054566 Abby wanted to check her email... +Ht1C87W-ydy-00212-00054655-00054862 Because a certain boy emailed her. +Ht1C87W-ydy-00213-00054862-00054990 >> Her ex-boyfriend. +Ht1C87W-ydy-00214-00055232-00055470 Why is her ex emailing her right now? +Ht1C87W-ydy-00215-00055470-00055678 >> Why is your ex emailing you? +Ht1C87W-ydy-00216-00055678-00055864 >> I emailed him something. +Ht1C87W-ydy-00217-00055864-00056128 >> Why'd you email your ex? >> Why did you email an ex? +Ht1C87W-ydy-00218-00056344-00056604 >> Because you miss him? >> Because I emailed her little sister. +Ht1C87W-ydy-00219-00056622-00056788 >> Do you miss him? +Ht1C87W-ydy-00220-00056788-00056898 You miss him. +Ht1C87W-ydy-00221-00056990-00057100 >> Is he taller than you? +Ht1C87W-ydy-00222-00057100-00057236 >> That's cute. +Ht1C87W-ydy-00223-00057252-00057402 >> He's taller than everyone. +Ht1C87W-ydy-00224-00057402-00057584 I feel like I've got back lighting everywhere +Ht1C87W-ydy-00225-00057584-00057728 because it's so bright everywhere. +Ht1C87W-ydy-00226-00057967-00058366 >> Hello. Please leave your name, number, and a brief message, +Ht1C87W-ydy-00227-00058366-00058622 and I will return your call as soon as possible. +Ht1C87W-ydy-00228-00058622-00058791 Thank you and have a great day. +Ht1C87W-ydy-00229-00058972-00059154 >> Hi, this is Ruby Franke. +Ht1C87W-ydy-00230-00059154-00059824 I am just calling to find out what number Abby Franke is on the waiting list. +Ht1C87W-ydy-00231-00059824-00059934 Thanks so much. +Ht1C87W-ydy-00232-00060020-00060193 It will remain a mystery. +Ht1C87W-ydy-00233-00060194-00060512 I guess we will not be finding out today where she is on the list, +Ht1C87W-ydy-00234-00060512-00061022 so, as soon as I find out, I will let you guys find out too. +Ht1C87W-ydy-00235-00061032-00061562 I just think this is a great opportunity for Abby to learn disappointment. +Ht1C87W-ydy-00236-00061562-00061778 Life's not a disappointment but life's a journey, +Ht1C87W-ydy-00237-00061778-00062082 and sometimes we have disappointing moments in the journey. +Ht1C87W-ydy-00238-00062082-00062454 As much as I would love to take away the disappointment from myself too, +Ht1C87W-ydy-00239-00062454-00062704 it's good that your kids experience disappointment +Ht1C87W-ydy-00240-00062704-00062836 and learn how to overcome it. +Ht1C87W-ydy-00241-00062888-00063441 And I think you're doing a good job, a healthy way of dealing with it. +Ht1C87W-ydy-00242-00063448-00063605 So, on your journey, +Ht1C87W-ydy-00243-00063605-00063938 you may come across some disappointing road bumps, +Ht1C87W-ydy-00244-00063938-00064078 and just know... +Ht1C87W-ydy-00245-00064138-00064432 I just keep telling myself don't act so surprised +Ht1C87W-ydy-00246-00064432-00064572 when disappointing moments come. +Ht1C87W-ydy-00247-00064572-00064653 This is life. +Ht1C87W-ydy-00248-00064654-00064924 Like being disappointed is kind of part of life. +Ht1C87W-ydy-00249-00064924-00065229 It's a requirement in order to get through life. +Ht1C87W-ydy-00250-00065229-00065457 In fact, we all... We all go through it. +Ht1C87W-ydy-00251-00065458-00065894 So, if you have disappointing news, the school year, +Ht1C87W-ydy-00252-00065934-00066206 I would just say try not to act so surprised. +Ht1C87W-ydy-00253-00066206-00066382 >> Because life is a disappointment. +Ht1C87W-ydy-00254-00066382-00066862 >> Life is not a disappointment but it has disappointments in it. +Ht1C87W-ydy-00255-00066862-00067230 We love you and we want the school year to be wonderful for you. +Ht1C87W-ydy-00256-00067230-00067438 >> We have... >> And you are worth it. +Ht1C87W-ydy-00257-00067474-00067688 He's been hanging out with Danielle too long. +Ht1C87W-ydy-00258-00067688-00067984 We are going to do some back-to-school shopping with Danielle. +Ht1C87W-ydy-00259-00067984-00068218 Danielle wants to pick out an outfit for him, +Ht1C87W-ydy-00260-00068218-00068460 and he wants to pick out an outfit for her. +Ht1C87W-ydy-00261-00068460-00068628 >> That is gonna be very interesting. +Ht1C87W-ydy-00262-00068628-00068758 >> He's a little nervous. +Ht1C87W-ydy-00263-00068758-00068898 >> I wonder how that's gonna work +Ht1C87W-ydy-00264-00068898-00069186 because I don't know anything about women's fashion. +Ht1C87W-ydy-00265-00069228-00069360 So I don't know... +Ht1C87W-ydy-00266-00069360-00069554 >> You just pick out what you think would be cute on her. +Ht1C87W-ydy-00267-00069554-00069762 >> And I'm going to get +Ht1C87W-ydy-00268-00069762-00070038 I want to see if they have a backpack that has... +Ht1C87W-ydy-00269-00070182-00070562 The matching um... >> Lunch box? +Ht1C87W-ydy-00270-00070562-00070674 >> Uh-huh. >> Oh cool. +Ht1C87W-ydy-00271-00070674-00070890 We're all excited for one reason or another. +Ht1C87W-ydy-00272-00070912-00071256 But we hope that you enjoy the last of your summer. +Ht1C87W-ydy-00273-00071256-00071456 Don't wish school back too soon. +Ht1C87W-ydy-00274-00071494-00071660 Because it will come before you know it. +Ht1C87W-ydy-00275-00071660-00071990 Just enjoy some relaxing hot days. +Ht1C87W-ydy-00276-00071990-00072090 >> That's not an eight-pack. +Ht1C87W-ydy-00277-00072090-00072228 >> But... >> That's a six-pack. +Ht1C87W-ydy-00278-00072326-00072520 >> Hey, I only have one-- >> The tan... +Ht1C87W-ydy-00279-00072520-00072716 The way you tanned though, it looks-- +Ht1C87W-ydy-00280-00072716-00072827 >> Yeah, I was laying on the pool. >> I looks like +Ht1C87W-ydy-00281-00072827-00073012 you did it on purpose. >> And I have my legs up, +Ht1C87W-ydy-00282-00073012-00073218 and I was slouching like this, and I felt asleep, +Ht1C87W-ydy-00283-00073218-00073618 and then like it creased it like that. +Ht1C87W-ydy-00284-00073618-00073784 >> I don't even have a pack. +Ht1C87W-ydy-00285-00073784-00073930 Look at that. >> Because you're a woman. +Ht1C87W-ydy-00286-00073930-00074054 >> True story. +Ht1C87W-ydy-00287-00074054-00074256 It is harder for a woman's six-pack to show, +Ht1C87W-ydy-00288-00074256-00074834 but when I was in high school, I had a four-pack and it was defined. +Ht1C87W-ydy-00289-00074886-00075039 Yes. I'm very proud of it. +Ht1C87W-ydy-00290-00075040-00075176 I now have a pudding cup. +Ht1C87W-ydy-00291-00075176-00075402 >> I have six packs of pudding cups. >> Right there. +Ht1C87W-ydy-00292-00075542-00075692 If I lean-- Oh, there it is. +Ht1C87W-ydy-00293-00075692-00075840 There it is. +Ht1C87W-ydy-00294-00075840-00076040 You guys, there it is. +Ht1C87W-ydy-00295-00076040-00076232 >> Oh my gosh. +Ht1C87W-ydy-00296-00076278-00076385 >> My pudding cup. +Ht1C87W-ydy-00297-00076386-00076458 >> Stop it. +Ht1C87W-ydy-00298-00076458-00077182 [Music] +HtjFPWiGPxg-00000-00000038-00000334 Welcome to Strings in the.Net Framework. +HtjFPWiGPxg-00001-00000335-00000545 In this learning activity, you'll learn +HtjFPWiGPxg-00002-00000545-00000844 how strings are implemented in the.net framework. +HtjFPWiGPxg-00003-00000948-00001366 When working with strings in C#, it's important to realize what is +HtjFPWiGPxg-00004-00001367-00001821 happening under the hood, otherwise your application may have some unintended +HtjFPWiGPxg-00005-00001821-00001947 side effects. +HtjFPWiGPxg-00006-00002171-00002772 The string data type in C# has some behaviors, which aren't apparent at first. +HtjFPWiGPxg-00007-00002772-00003196 When writing C# code, you can treat string variables just as you would any +HtjFPWiGPxg-00008-00003196-00003361 primative variable. +HtjFPWiGPxg-00009-00003378-00003722 For example, say you start with a string variable and set it +HtjFPWiGPxg-00010-00003722-00004189 to the value something. Then, you declare another string variable, and set it equal to +HtjFPWiGPxg-00011-00004189-00004352 the first. +HtjFPWiGPxg-00012-00004352-00004812 Later, if you decide to change the first variable's value, it won't +HtjFPWiGPxg-00013-00004812-00005112 have any effect on the second variable's value. +HtjFPWiGPxg-00014-00005710-00006242 This code behaves as if it were written using a primitive data type, such as an integer. +HtjFPWiGPxg-00015-00006378-00006844 The integer type, like all C# primitive types, is a value type. +HtjFPWiGPxg-00016-00006844-00007259 A value type means the value is assigned to the variable itself. +HtjFPWiGPxg-00017-00007259-00007816 So in the last example, the value of 100 is assigned to the int one variable. +HtjFPWiGPxg-00018-00007816-00007968 The next line of code +HtjFPWiGPxg-00019-00007968-00008390 assigns int 1 to a new integer variable called int 2. +HtjFPWiGPxg-00020-00008390-00008670 Since integers are value types, +HtjFPWiGPxg-00021-00008670-00009430 this really means the code assigns the current value of int 1 100 to the int 2 variable. +HtjFPWiGPxg-00022-00009492-00009950 Therefore, the int 2 variable also holds a value of 100. +HtjFPWiGPxg-00023-00009964-00010300 Then we assign a value of 50 to Int 1. +HtjFPWiGPxg-00024-00010300-00010768 Assigning a different value to int 1 doesn't affect the +HtjFPWiGPxg-00025-00010769-00011297 assignment of any other variables. Therefore, the value of int 2 remains 100. +HtjFPWiGPxg-00026-00011494-00011870 In our code, we have two integer variables declared. +HtjFPWiGPxg-00027-00011870-00012290 Our code allocates memory in the stack to store these variables. +HtjFPWiGPxg-00028-00012290-00012504 Since integers are value types, +HtjFPWiGPxg-00029-00012505-00013063 this means the integer values are stored with the variables in stack memory. +HtjFPWiGPxg-00030-00013063-00013518 If we go back to the first piece of code, it certainly looks like the same thing +HtjFPWiGPxg-00031-00013519-00013946 happened with our strings and it effectively is, however, the +HtjFPWiGPxg-00032-00013946-00014260 technicalities under the hood are a bit different. +HtjFPWiGPxg-00033-00014368-00014596 The string type may appear to +HtjFPWiGPxg-00034-00014596-00015010 behave and act like the primitive types but it is, in fact, much different. +HtjFPWiGPxg-00035-00015080-00015654 First, it's important to realize the string type is a reference type, not a value type. +HtjFPWiGPxg-00036-00015712-00016113 Reference types are not stored on the stack with the variable they're assigned to. +HtjFPWiGPxg-00037-00016168-00016600 Instead, reference types are stored in heap memory. What is stored +HtjFPWiGPxg-00038-00016600-00017052 with the variable, on the stack, is a reference to the actual value. +HtjFPWiGPxg-00039-00017152-00017252 The first line of +HtjFPWiGPxg-00040-00017253-00017731 code creates a new string. The string has the value - something. +HtjFPWiGPxg-00041-00017731-00017903 Since strings are +HtjFPWiGPxg-00042-00017903-00018329 reference types, it's stored in the heap, not the stack. +HtjFPWiGPxg-00043-00018329-00018527 Therefore, our code allocates +HtjFPWiGPxg-00044-00018527-00019026 space somewhere in heap memory and stores something there. +HtjFPWiGPxg-00045-00019034-00019528 It then assigns a reference to that value, to the string 1 variable. +HtjFPWiGPxg-00046-00019528-00019686 The second line of code +HtjFPWiGPxg-00047-00019686-00019984 assigns string 2 to string 1. +HtjFPWiGPxg-00048-00019984-00020294 This time, the code won't create another string. +HtjFPWiGPxg-00049-00020295-00020892 Instead, it simply creates another reference to the same string value that the +HtjFPWiGPxg-00050-00020892-00021116 variable string 1 refers to. +HtjFPWiGPxg-00051-00021116-00021522 This new reference is then assigned to the string 2 variable. +HtjFPWiGPxg-00052-00021522-00022100 The next line of code creates a new string, with the value of "something else." +HtjFPWiGPxg-00053-00022100-00022514 This allocates enough space in the heap to store something +HtjFPWiGPxg-00054-00022514-00022950 else and assigns a reference to this new string to string 1. +HtjFPWiGPxg-00055-00022950-00023300 It's important to remember strings are immutable. +HtjFPWiGPxg-00056-00023300-00023594 Immutable simply means they can't change. +HtjFPWiGPxg-00057-00023594-00023950 So, you can't change a string once it's defined. +HtjFPWiGPxg-00058-00023950-00024340 Notice a new string is created to store "something else". +HtjFPWiGPxg-00059-00024340-00024754 The existing string containing "something" is not modified. +HtjFPWiGPxg-00060-00024754-00025246 The immutability of strings makes them behave as if they were value types. +HtjFPWiGPxg-00061-00025246-00025852 This makes writing code using strings much more natural because they behave as expected. +HtjFPWiGPxg-00062-00025902-00026312 If strings were not immutable, and in the past example the string value +HtjFPWiGPxg-00063-00026312-00026836 of "something" was changed to "something else," then both string variables, string 1 +HtjFPWiGPxg-00064-00026836-00027136 and string 2, would be equal to something else. +HtjFPWiGPxg-00065-00027196-00027756 This would be a strange and undesirable side-effect when writing code using string types. +HtjFPWiGPxg-00066-00027822-00028244 The immutability of strings has some other not-so-nice side effects +HtjFPWiGPxg-00067-00028244-00028762 in certain situations. One such issue is with the concatination of strings. +HtjFPWiGPxg-00068-00028762-00029337 Since string values can't change after they're created, concatinating one string to an +HtjFPWiGPxg-00069-00029337-00029767 existing string always results in the creation of a new string. +HtjFPWiGPxg-00070-00030116-00030695 A common example is displaying someone's full name when the person's first and last +HtjFPWiGPxg-00071-00030695-00030995 names are stored in two different variables. +HtjFPWiGPxg-00072-00031162-00031706 If the first name variable is given the value of "Fred," and the last name variable +HtjFPWiGPxg-00073-00031706-00032252 is given the value of "Flinstone," when we concatenate the two strings together, we +HtjFPWiGPxg-00074-00032252-00032646 get a third string containing the value "Fred Flinstone". +HtjFPWiGPxg-00075-00032762-00032942 This is pretty straightforward. +HtjFPWiGPxg-00076-00032942-00033340 In this example, we used three variables and three string values +HtjFPWiGPxg-00077-00033340-00033448 to get the full name. +HtjFPWiGPxg-00078-00033448-00033822 However, the resulting value squishes the first name +HtjFPWiGPxg-00079-00033822-00033978 in the last name together. +HtjFPWiGPxg-00080-00033978-00034348 Usually, we would want to add a space between the first and last name. +HtjFPWiGPxg-00081-00034349-00034649 Let's change the previous code to do just that +HtjFPWiGPxg-00082-00034808-00035108 How many strings are used now? +HtjFPWiGPxg-00083-00035192-00035723 You might guess it's three strings, since there are still only three string variables. +HtjFPWiGPxg-00084-00035724-00036038 You might also guess 4 strings, because we're using an +HtjFPWiGPxg-00085-00036038-00036371 additional string to hold the space between the first and last names. +HtjFPWiGPxg-00086-00036371-00036821 Regardless if you guessed 3 or 4 you are incorrect. +HtjFPWiGPxg-00087-00036866-00037328 This bit of code actually uses 5 strings to get our value. +HtjFPWiGPxg-00088-00037328-00037792 Because strings are immutable, so we can't change any of our strings. +HtjFPWiGPxg-00089-00037792-00038214 We're using the string Fred, Flinstone, a space, and +HtjFPWiGPxg-00090-00038214-00038596 a string to hold onto the results. So where is the 5th string? +HtjFPWiGPxg-00091-00038660-00038922 It has to do with string concatenation. +HtjFPWiGPxg-00092-00038922-00039322 String concatenation is a strictly binary operation. +HtjFPWiGPxg-00093-00039322-00039596 Binary in this case doesn't mean we have to think about the +HtjFPWiGPxg-00094-00039596-00039910 ones and zeros that make up pretty much everything in the computer. +HtjFPWiGPxg-00095-00039910-00040497 A binary operation is a simple operation that works with two inputs resulting in a +HtjFPWiGPxg-00096-00040497-00040609 single outcome. +HtjFPWiGPxg-00097-00040609-00041041 For example - addition - 1+1 equals two. +HtjFPWiGPxg-00098-00041261-00041711 This means in the line of code where we concatenate the strings together, +HtjFPWiGPxg-00099-00041711-00042119 we actually concatenate two strings together twice. +HtjFPWiGPxg-00100-00042119-00042537 First, we concatenate first name with the space string literal, +HtjFPWiGPxg-00101-00042537-00042819 which results in a new string created on the heap. +HtjFPWiGPxg-00102-00042819-00043262 This new intermediate string is then concatenated with last name, which +HtjFPWiGPxg-00103-00043262-00043454 results in another new string. +HtjFPWiGPxg-00104-00043454-00043775 This time, the resulting string is also assigned to +HtjFPWiGPxg-00105-00043775-00043871 the full name variable. +HtjFPWiGPxg-00106-00043928-00044252 Notice how during this process, two additional strings are +HtjFPWiGPxg-00107-00044253-00044640 allocated in heap memory even though they aren't assigned to any variable. +HtjFPWiGPxg-00108-00044640-00045018 Whenever a string is allocated in the heap, the system uses some memory to +HtjFPWiGPxg-00109-00045018-00045110 store it. +HtjFPWiGPxg-00110-00045110-00045474 Technically, a string is a collection of char objects. +HtjFPWiGPxg-00111-00045474-00045830 Each char object occupies two bytes in memory. +HtjFPWiGPxg-00112-00045858-00046132 So how many bytes in memory does a string occupy? +HtjFPWiGPxg-00113-00046188-00046678 A string occupies two times the number of characters, plus some overhead, +HtjFPWiGPxg-00114-00046680-00046880 about 20 bytes. +HtjFPWiGPxg-00115-00046888-00047250 The .net framework limits the string size to 2 gigabytes, +HtjFPWiGPxg-00116-00047250-00047564 which is about one billion characters. +HtjFPWiGPxg-00117-00047974-00048434 In our previous example, we stored an intermediate string with the value of "Fred." +HtjFPWiGPxg-00118-00048493-00048839 The string used additional resources from the system. +HtjFPWiGPxg-00119-00048839-00049339 In this situation, we allocated an additional 30 bytes for this intermediate string. +HtjFPWiGPxg-00120-00049339-00049732 Do we really need to be concerned about this additional memory? +HtjFPWiGPxg-00121-00049733-00049893 Unless you're coding in some +HtjFPWiGPxg-00122-00049893-00050335 specific conditions, such as an embedded system, this amount is negligible. +HtjFPWiGPxg-00123-00050406-00050834 Also, since the .net framework uses a garbage collector, the additional 30 +HtjFPWiGPxg-00124-00050835-00051330 bytes are freed by the garbage collector sometime after our method returns. +HtjFPWiGPxg-00125-00051476-00051905 Typically, the additional space needed for intermediate values isn't of much +HtjFPWiGPxg-00126-00051905-00052288 concern, as the amount of space allocated is negligable. +HtjFPWiGPxg-00127-00052288-00052520 However, there are several gotcha +HtjFPWiGPxg-00128-00052521-00053024 situations where string concatenation needs to allocate considerably larger +HtjFPWiGPxg-00129-00053024-00053442 amounts of memory for intermediate values, that can quickly use all of the +HtjFPWiGPxg-00130-00053442-00053841 system's memory. Usually these gotcha situations happen when looping over a +HtjFPWiGPxg-00131-00053841-00054141 collection and building a string from that collection. +HtjFPWiGPxg-00132-00054279-00054677 Congratulations, you've completed Strings in the .Net Framework. +HvPG34jYBMk-00000-00000096-00000459 You can use rtpMIDI to send MIDI timecode over the network. +HvPG34jYBMk-00001-00000459-00001136 This is a free program that allows you to create sessions within your network and transfer MIDI messages between devices. +HvPG34jYBMk-00002-00001136-00001346 If you are using windows, then rtpMIDI can be downloaded from the developer's site. +HvPG34jYBMk-00003-00001346-00001736 If you are using macOS then rtpMIDI is already integrated into your system. +HvPG34jYBMk-00004-00001736-00002103 The Windows version and the macOS version look and work exactly the same. +HvPG34jYBMk-00005-00002103-00002436 On the first computer, I use Reaper to generate timecode. +HvPG34jYBMk-00006-00002436-00002696 On the second computer, I use Ma2 to receive the timecode. +HvPG34jYBMk-00007-00002696-00002900 Both computers need to install rtpMIDI. +HvPG34jYBMk-00008-00002900-00003200 Next, we connect the computers to the network. You can use a switch for this. +HvPG34jYBMk-00009-00003200-00003610 If you need to network only 2 computers, then you can simply connect them to each other. +HvPG34jYBMk-00010-00003610-00003839 You can also use a network connected through a router. +HvPG34jYBMk-00011-00003839-00004166 In this case, you do not have to set up a local network. But more on that later… +HvPG34jYBMk-00012-00004166-00004439 Setting up the network is not difficult in this example. +HvPG34jYBMk-00013-00004439-00004813 I set the IP address to 192.168.0.101 on the MA2 machine +HvPG34jYBMk-00014-00004813-00005076 and 192.168.0.102 on the Reaper machine. +HvPG34jYBMk-00015-00005076-00005696 I don't need to subnet the network, so I set the default mask 255.255.255.0 +HvPG34jYBMk-00016-00005696-00006506 Thus, we get a class C network. The first 3 octets are the address of our network and will be the same for all connected devices, so the mask closes them. +HvPG34jYBMk-00017-00006506-00007033 The last octet is the hosts, or unique addresses of connected devices, and the mask fully reveals them. +HvPG34jYBMk-00018-00007033-00007423 As I said, the router itself can create a local network. +HvPG34jYBMk-00019-00007423-00007809 The router assigns IP addresses to connected devices using a DHCP server. +HvPG34jYBMk-00020-00007809-00008213 These IP addresses are not absolutely static, but are leased by devices for a while. +HvPG34jYBMk-00021-00008213-00008566 You can find out the address issued by the DHCP server in the network connection details. +HvPG34jYBMk-00022-00008566-00008759 Also IP addresses are displayed in rtpMIDI. +HvPG34jYBMk-00023-00008759-00009353 You can configure the router network, lease time, or manually set IP addresses for devices in the router control panel in the browser. +HvPG34jYBMk-00024-00009533-00010290 Open Control Panel > Network and Internet > Network and Sharing Center > change adapter settings. +HvPG34jYBMk-00025-00010290-00010956 Select network connection +HvPG34jYBMk-00026-00010956-00011896 > properties > select IPv4 > use the following IP address (I set IP address 192.168.0.101) +HvPG34jYBMk-00027-00011896-00012076 Next, start rtpMIDI +HvPG34jYBMk-00028-00012103-00012773 Create a session. Set a name, for convenience I will name the session “MA2”, because on this computer MA2 will be launched. +HvPG34jYBMk-00029-00012773-00013419 !The Bonjour Name will be displayed in the directory, so it makes sense to duplicate or set it! +HvPG34jYBMk-00030-00013419-00013796 Click enable. We see that the specified IP address is displayed correctly. +HvPG34jYBMk-00031-00013796-00014276 On the second computer, set the IP address 192.168.0.102 +HvPG34jYBMk-00032-00014440-00014813 Start rtpMIDI and see that the MA2 session is already available in the directory. +HvPG34jYBMk-00033-00014813-00015203 Create a session for the second computer and set its name and Bonjour Name. +HvPG34jYBMk-00034-00015203-00015450 Also, for convenience, I will list it as "Reaper" +HvPG34jYBMk-00035-00015500-00015763 Click enable. And we also see our IP address. +HvPG34jYBMk-00036-00015990-00016700 Options > Preferences > MIDI Devices > set up our "Reaper" session as MIDI Input and MIDI Output. +HvPG34jYBMk-00037-00017073-00017219 Create a timecode generator. +HvPG34jYBMk-00038-00017546-00018040 Go to the source properties and set Send MIDI, select the framerate we need. +HvPG34jYBMk-00039-00018140-00018546 On the timecode track fader, press Route and set our MIDI Output. +HvPG34jYBMk-00040-00018800-00019030 The "Reaper" session is already available in the directory. +HvPG34jYBMk-00041-00019030-00019466 I have already prepared a small showfile for demonstration, but I still need to make a couple of settings. +HvPG34jYBMk-00042-00019466-00019903 Click on the yellow ball > Options > MIDI and set the "MA2" session to MIDI In. +HvPG34jYBMk-00043-00019980-00020693 Next, go to Setup - MA Network Configuration and check that the MIDI Timecode comes in the slot we need. In my case, this is TC Slot 2. +HvPG34jYBMk-00044-00020693-00021076 We are almost happy! Select an available «Reaper» session and click Connect. +HvPG34jYBMk-00045-00021230-00021786 The computer with Reaper connected to the session automatically because I had already connected to the "Reaper" session from the first computer. +HvPG34jYBMk-00046-00021786-00022206 Here we go! Press Play and the timecode is sent over the network from the Reaper computer to the MA2 computer. +HvPG34jYBMk-00047-00022400-00023380 *If you are using a console (MA2 Lite\Fullsize), then you need to connect to a MA2 on PC session. Then the timecode will be duplicated on your console. +HvPG34jYBMk-00048-00023413-00023793 The functionality of rtpMIDI is not limited to transferring timecode between 2 computers. +HvPG34jYBMk-00049-00023793-00024390 You can, for example, transmit the signals of connected hardware MIDI devices, thereby controlling other computers remotely. +HvPG34jYBMk-00050-00024390-00024913 Or you can create multiple sessions so that each of the network members gets only what he needs. +HvPG34jYBMk-00051-00024913-00025446 The description will contain a link to the official tutorial, where you can read about it and learn more about this program. +HwpQ5SyfxN4-00000-00000038-00001367 FRC Team 3331 launching the +HwpQ5SyfxN4-00001-00001367-00001498 ball after we added additional springs +HwcG5Y-TJ9A-00000-00001034-00001572 Welcome to a new video by JESUS H.N. BIGAMER +HwcG5Y-TJ9A-00001-00001584-00001804 and you can see in the title +HwcG5Y-TJ9A-00002-00001816-00002007 the video is the next +HwcG5Y-TJ9A-00003-00002064-00002454 you know that I start to play it fast and then slow +HwcG5Y-TJ9A-00004-00002454-00002734 before I will send a greeting to +HwcG5Y-TJ9A-00005-00002790-00003048 Persona random and +HwcG5Y-TJ9A-00006-00003074-00003192 La Misaki +HwcG5Y-TJ9A-00007-00003211-00003418 Well, we start +HwcG5Y-TJ9A-00027-00009644-00009924 Well, that´s all about the video +HwcG5Y-TJ9A-00028-00009924-00010294 you know that you can give me a like or dislike +HwcG5Y-TJ9A-00029-00010294-00010492 if it is the first time that you watch one of my videos +HwcG5Y-TJ9A-00030-00010492-00010736 You can subscribe and activate the bell +HwcG5Y-TJ9A-00031-00010744-00011066 for you will know about future videos +HwcG5Y-TJ9A-00032-00011066-00011370 then, we go to the part slow +HwcG5Y-TJ9A-00033-00011442-00011540 Chao +HyNZYKdw-Y4-00000-00000304-00000628 Let us now introduce a simple computational problem that +HyNZYKdw-Y4-00001-00000628-00000943 we are going to use as a running example throughout this course. +HyNZYKdw-Y4-00002-00000943-00001279 In this problem, we are given n points; +HyNZYKdw-Y4-00003-00001279-00001561 here, in this example, n = 3. +HyNZYKdw-Y4-00004-00001561-00001864 And we are given for each pair of points +HyNZYKdw-Y4-00005-00001864-00002215 the cost of traveling from A to B. +HyNZYKdw-Y4-00006-00002215-00002707 For instance, here, in this example, +HyNZYKdw-Y4-00007-00002707-00003229 the cost of traveling from point 0 to point 1 is 8. +HyNZYKdw-Y4-00008-00003229-00003892 However, we can sometimes save money by taking a detour. +HyNZYKdw-Y4-00009-00003892-00004636 For instance, in this example, if you travel first from 0 to 2, +HyNZYKdw-Y4-00010-00004636-00005032 and then from 2 to your final destination 1, +HyNZYKdw-Y4-00011-00005032-00005434 you are going to pay only 7 units of money. +HyNZYKdw-Y4-00012-00005434-00005806 And, actually, you can easily check that +HyNZYKdw-Y4-00013-00005806-00006121 in this example if you are going from 0 to 1, +HyNZYKdw-Y4-00014-00006121-00006622 and you are willing to travel for at most two hops, +HyNZYKdw-Y4-00015-00006622-00007048 then this is actually the cheapest way to get there. +HyNZYKdw-Y4-00016-00007048-00007420 And this is the problem that we want to solve. +HyNZYKdw-Y4-00017-00007420-00007936 For every pair of points A and B, we want to know +HyNZYKdw-Y4-00018-00007936-00008302 what is the cost of the cheapest route of +HyNZYKdw-Y4-00019-00008302-00008740 getting from A to B by taking at most two hops. +HyNZYKdw-Y4-00020-00008740-00009199 We are given as input an n × n matrix "d" +HyNZYKdw-Y4-00021-00009199-00009544 that contains for all pairs of points +HyNZYKdw-Y4-00022-00009544-00009895 what is the cost of getting from A to B direct. +HyNZYKdw-Y4-00023-00009895-00010279 And we want to compute a result matrix "r", +HyNZYKdw-Y4-00024-00010279-00010738 that is also an n × n matrix, and that contains for +HyNZYKdw-Y4-00025-00010738-00011248 all pairs of points A and B what is the cost of the cheapest tour +HyNZYKdw-Y4-00026-00011248-00011686 that takes at most two hops and takes you from A to B. +HyNZYKdw-Y4-00027-00011686-00011974 Now, how do we solve this problem? +HyNZYKdw-Y4-00028-00011974-00012445 Well, a straightforward way of solving this is that +HyNZYKdw-Y4-00029-00012445-00013006 we simply check all possible pairs of points i and j, +HyNZYKdw-Y4-00030-00013006-00013697 and for each such pair we also check all possible +HyNZYKdw-Y4-00031-00013697-00014088 intermediate points k. And we simply calculate +HyNZYKdw-Y4-00032-00014088-00014562 what is the cost of getting from i to k and from k to j. +HyNZYKdw-Y4-00033-00014562-00015231 And, finally, we take the minimum of all of these costs +HyNZYKdw-Y4-00034-00015231-00015402 — that is the cheapest route. +HyNZYKdw-Y4-00035-00015402-00015735 And we store this result into our result matrix. +HyNZYKdw-Y4-00036-00015735-00016032 So how does this code perform? +HyNZYKdw-Y4-00037-00016032-00016422 Let's compile it with the usual optimization flags, +HyNZYKdw-Y4-00038-00016422-00016794 and run it on a typical modern desktop computer. +HyNZYKdw-Y4-00039-00016794-00017289 Let's create an instance where n = 4000. +HyNZYKdw-Y4-00040-00017289-00017829 So we have got 4000 points, and therefore the input matrix +HyNZYKdw-Y4-00041-00017829-00018261 and the result matrix have dimensions 4000 × 4000. +HyNZYKdw-Y4-00042-00018261-00018510 And if you check the numbers, you can see +HyNZYKdw-Y4-00043-00018510-00018825 that the total number of additions +HyNZYKdw-Y4-00044-00018825-00019119 and the total number of minimum operations +HyNZYKdw-Y4-00045-00019119-00019617 that we are going to do for n = 4000 is roughly 64 billion. +HyNZYKdw-Y4-00046-00019617-00020289 So how long does it take to do all of these 64 billion operations? +HyNZYKdw-Y4-00047-00020289-00020664 If you run the code, it turns out that the running time +HyNZYKdw-Y4-00048-00020664-00021120 on our test platform is going to be roughly 99 seconds. +HyNZYKdw-Y4-00049-00021120-00021663 We are going to do 1.3 billion operations per second. +HyNZYKdw-Y4-00050-00021663-00021966 It's a large number, but we are nevertheless doing +HyNZYKdw-Y4-00051-00021966-00022401 only 0.36 operations per clock cycle. +HyNZYKdw-Y4-00052-00022401-00022698 And if you remember what we discussed +HyNZYKdw-Y4-00053-00022698-00022866 in the previous part of this lecture, +HyNZYKdw-Y4-00054-00022866-00023160 we would expect to be able to do +HyNZYKdw-Y4-00055-00023160-00023568 dozens of useful operations per clock cycle +HyNZYKdw-Y4-00056-00023568-00024069 using all of the possible resources that we have in these CPUs. +HyNZYKdw-Y4-00057-00024069-00024606 If you check how many additions and minimum operations +HyNZYKdw-Y4-00058-00024606-00025146 this specific CPU could in principle do per clock cycle +HyNZYKdw-Y4-00059-00025146-00025455 and compare it with these numbers that we get, +HyNZYKdw-Y4-00060-00025455-00025773 it turns out that we are using currently +HyNZYKdw-Y4-00061-00025773-00026322 less than 1% of the theoretical maximum performance of this CPU. +HyNZYKdw-Y4-00062-00026322-00026756 So what is wrong here? Why is this code inefficient? +HyNZYKdw-Y4-00063-00026819-00027583 The answer is that it's not any single thing that is wrong here. +HyNZYKdw-Y4-00064-00027583-00028076 There is no magic quick fix. As we are going to see, +HyNZYKdw-Y4-00065-00028076-00028466 there are going to be several different bottlenecks +HyNZYKdw-Y4-00066-00028466-00028802 that are going to limit the performance of this program. +HyNZYKdw-Y4-00067-00028802-00029170 You take care of one of these bottlenecks, +HyNZYKdw-Y4-00068-00029170-00029441 and then there is another one to overcome. +HyNZYKdw-Y4-00069-00029441-00029969 But as we are going to see, it doesn't need to be difficult. +HyNZYKdw-Y4-00070-00029969-00030494 Without too much effort, we will see that we can actually +HyNZYKdw-Y4-00071-00030494-00030806 improve the running time of this piece of code +HyNZYKdw-Y4-00072-00030806-00031256 from the ballpark of minutes to the ballpark of seconds. +HyNZYKdw-Y4-00073-00031256-00031547 Usually, in these kinds of applications, +HyNZYKdw-Y4-00074-00031547-00031988 there are two key high-level challenges. +HyNZYKdw-Y4-00075-00031988-00032432 The first challenge is related to getting data +HyNZYKdw-Y4-00076-00032432-00033152 from the main memory to the CPU. And the second challenge is that +HyNZYKdw-Y4-00077-00033152-00033752 once the data is actually there in the CPU, how do we do +HyNZYKdw-Y4-00078-00033752-00034136 many independent operations simultaneously in parallel. +HyNZYKdw-Y4-00079-00034136-00034550 So what do we need to know about computers +HyNZYKdw-Y4-00080-00034550-00034802 in order to make some progress here. +HyNZYKdw-Y4-00081-00034802-00035084 Let's have a look at the structure of +HyNZYKdw-Y4-00082-00035084-00035510 a typical modern computer from a high-level perspective. +HyNZYKdw-Y4-00083-00035510-00035990 First of all, there is of course the CPU. +HyNZYKdw-Y4-00084-00035990-00036290 Which is connected to the main memory. +HyNZYKdw-Y4-00085-00036290-00036524 And the main memory is the place +HyNZYKdw-Y4-00086-00036524-00036902 where all of our input data is going to be in the beginning, +HyNZYKdw-Y4-00087-00036902-00037292 and where all of our results are going to be stored in the end. +HyNZYKdw-Y4-00088-00037292-00037463 As we have already mentioned, +HyNZYKdw-Y4-00089-00037463-00038036 inside the CPU there are multiple CPU cores. +HyNZYKdw-Y4-00090-00038036-00038675 And these CPU cores are actually those units that contain +HyNZYKdw-Y4-00091-00038675-00039362 all machinery that can actually perform arithmetic operations, +HyNZYKdw-Y4-00092-00039362-00039844 like additions, multiplications, calculating minimums, and so on. +HyNZYKdw-Y4-00093-00039844-00040453 But these arithmetic units don't directly talk to the main memory. +HyNZYKdw-Y4-00094-00040453-00040873 They can only process information that is already available +HyNZYKdw-Y4-00095-00040873-00041455 in the CPU registers. And to get data +HyNZYKdw-Y4-00096-00041455-00041881 from the main memory to CPU registers, +HyNZYKdw-Y4-00097-00041881-00042559 this CPU needs to go through several levels of cache memory. +HyNZYKdw-Y4-00098-00042559-00043318 We have got L1 cache that is fastest and closest to the registers. +HyNZYKdw-Y4-00099-00043318-00043906 So if all of your data magically happened to be in L1 cache, +HyNZYKdw-Y4-00100-00043906-00044281 then you would be able to access it very rapidly. +HyNZYKdw-Y4-00101-00044281-00044671 On the other hand, if you need to go through +HyNZYKdw-Y4-00102-00044671-00045154 all three levels of caches, all the way to the main memory +HyNZYKdw-Y4-00103-00045154-00045508 to get some data, it's going to be very slow. +HyNZYKdw-Y4-00104-00045508-00046228 And a key challenge here is that these faster caches that +HyNZYKdw-Y4-00105-00046228-00046675 are closer to CPU registers are also very small. +HyNZYKdw-Y4-00106-00046675-00047143 While we have got gigabytes of main memory, +HyNZYKdw-Y4-00107-00047143-00047737 we have got only some kilobytes of L1 cache, for instance. +HyNZYKdw-Y4-00108-00047737-00048508 And the main memory is slow both in terms of latency and throughput. +HyNZYKdw-Y4-00109-00048508-00049027 If all of sudden you need to get some data +HyNZYKdw-Y4-00110-00049027-00049363 from the main memory, it's going to take a lot of time. +HyNZYKdw-Y4-00111-00049363-00050095 Let's do a very simple experiment. We'll simply run our program +HyNZYKdw-Y4-00112-00050095-00050554 with different input sizes and measure how long does it take +HyNZYKdw-Y4-00113-00050554-00050980 to solve the problem for each possible value of n. +HyNZYKdw-Y4-00114-00050980-00051541 And if you calculate how many useful arithmetic operations +HyNZYKdw-Y4-00115-00051541-00052027 you are doing per time unit, this kind of a figure emerges. +HyNZYKdw-Y4-00116-00052027-00052669 You can see that when the input size exceeds roughly 1000, +HyNZYKdw-Y4-00117-00052669-00053360 the performance all of sudden drops. And, if you check the numbers, +HyNZYKdw-Y4-00118-00053360-00054209 with n = 1000 you have got roughly 4MB of input data. +HyNZYKdw-Y4-00119-00054209-00054515 If you remember the previous discussion, +HyNZYKdw-Y4-00120-00054515-00055337 the size of L3 cache is 6MB. So it clearly seems that +HyNZYKdw-Y4-00121-00055337-00055937 as long as our entire input fits in L3 cache, +HyNZYKdw-Y4-00122-00055937-00056479 the performance is reasonable. But as soon as we run out of +HyNZYKdw-Y4-00123-00056479-00057059 cache space in L3 cache, the performance drops. +HyNZYKdw-Y4-00124-00057059-00057377 So definitely for large values of n, +HyNZYKdw-Y4-00125-00057377-00057794 our program is struggling with getting data +HyNZYKdw-Y4-00126-00057794-00058211 fast enough from the main memory to the CPU. +HyNZYKdw-Y4-00127-00058211-00058553 So how can we try to improve the situation? +HyNZYKdw-Y4-00128-00058553-00059096 Let's zoom in to the innermost loop of the program. +HyNZYKdw-Y4-00129-00059096-00059510 Let's think about the memory access pattern. +HyNZYKdw-Y4-00130-00059510-00060215 What are the memory cells that this program is going to access +HyNZYKdw-Y4-00131-00060215-00060707 inside this innermost loop. Let's imagine we fix +HyNZYKdw-Y4-00132-00060707-00061046 some values of i and j, for instance, both are zeros. +HyNZYKdw-Y4-00133-00061046-00061646 And let's look at what happens when k goes through all of these +HyNZYKdw-Y4-00134-00061646-00062080 values 0, 1, 2, and so on. In the first line of the loop +HyNZYKdw-Y4-00135-00062080-00062540 we are going to access consecutive elements of array d. +HyNZYKdw-Y4-00136-00062540-00063113 First we are going to read d[0], then d[1], then d[2], and so on. +HyNZYKdw-Y4-00137-00063113-00063563 However, the second line is way more interesting for us. +HyNZYKdw-Y4-00138-00063563-00064028 Because it turns out that we are going to access elements +HyNZYKdw-Y4-00139-00064028-00064676 like d[0], d[4000], d[8000], and so on. +HyNZYKdw-Y4-00140-00064676-00065230 So here we are clearly not reading consecutive memory elements, +HyNZYKdw-Y4-00141-00065230-00065672 but we are reading various different parts of the memory. +HyNZYKdw-Y4-00142-00065672-00066059 We are going to discuss cache memory hierarchies +HyNZYKdw-Y4-00143-00066059-00066431 in a lot more detail later during this course. +HyNZYKdw-Y4-00144-00066431-00066959 But already now it's very good to learn one very simple rule of thumb: +HyNZYKdw-Y4-00145-00066959-00067466 If you are reading memory, linear reading is always good. +HyNZYKdw-Y4-00146-00067466-00067694 In many applications, +HyNZYKdw-Y4-00147-00067694-00068165 programs are reading consecutive elements of memory. +HyNZYKdw-Y4-00148-00068165-00068657 And the hardware can detect that, and the hardware is optimized +HyNZYKdw-Y4-00149-00068657-00069176 to deal very well with linear reading of consecutive elements. +HyNZYKdw-Y4-00150-00069176-00069608 So here, we would expect that the first line of +HyNZYKdw-Y4-00151-00069608-00069932 this innermost loop is performing well, +HyNZYKdw-Y4-00152-00069932-00070160 because there we are doing linear reading. +HyNZYKdw-Y4-00153-00070160-00070718 But the second line is probably struggling with the issue +HyNZYKdw-Y4-00154-00070718-00071198 of getting data from memory fast enough to the CPU. +HyNZYKdw-Y4-00155-00071198-00071504 So, how do we fix this? +HyNZYKdw-Y4-00156-00071504-00072197 We need to know d[0], d[4000], d[8000], and so on. +HyNZYKdw-Y4-00157-00072197-00072557 How can we avoid that? There is a very simple solution: +HyNZYKdw-Y4-00158-00072557-00073070 we can spend a little bit of time doing preprocessing of our data +HyNZYKdw-Y4-00159-00073070-00073457 so that we can have a nice memory access pattern +HyNZYKdw-Y4-00160-00073457-00073916 inside the most performance-critical part of the innermost loop. +HyNZYKdw-Y4-00161-00073916-00074579 What we can do in this case is to simply precompute an array "t" +HyNZYKdw-Y4-00162-00074579-00075104 that simply contains the transpose of matrix "d". +HyNZYKdw-Y4-00163-00075104-00076536 Now d[0] is simply t[0], d[4000] is t[1], d[8000] is t[2], and so on. +HyNZYKdw-Y4-00164-00076536-00076895 So the memory access pattern improves here dramatically. +HyNZYKdw-Y4-00165-00076895-00077510 We are reading both "d" and "t" in a consecutive manner. +HyNZYKdw-Y4-00166-00077510-00078101 So, does this simple trick help anything? Let's benchmark! +HyNZYKdw-Y4-00167-00078101-00078413 Here the blue and the orange curve +HyNZYKdw-Y4-00168-00078413-00078707 are what we already saw for the previous version. +HyNZYKdw-Y4-00169-00078707-00079130 While the black curve is the performance of the new version, +HyNZYKdw-Y4-00170-00079130-00079508 where we simply replaced the reading of "d" +HyNZYKdw-Y4-00171-00079508-00079860 by reading of the transpose of "d". +HyNZYKdw-Y4-00172-00079860-00080382 And, as we can see, this dramatic drop in the performance +HyNZYKdw-Y4-00173-00080382-00080988 around the point where we ran out of L3 cache is simply gone. +HyNZYKdw-Y4-00174-00080988-00081450 Apparently, memory is no longer a bottleneck +HyNZYKdw-Y4-00175-00081450-00081801 in this current implementation. So, are we happy now? +HyNZYKdw-Y4-00176-00081801-00082266 It actually turns out that we are still very far from +HyNZYKdw-Y4-00177-00082266-00082500 the theoretical maximum performance of this CPU. +HyNZYKdw-Y4-00178-00082500-00082947 And, in the next part of this lecture, we are going to see +HyNZYKdw-Y4-00179-00082947-00083358 what is another bottleneck in the current implementation. +Hz4M3LN6bAg-00000-00000000-00000384 The real history of earth and your true identity +Hz4M3LN6bAg-00001-00000412-00000744 Hello, this is Pleiadian Xi +Hz4M3LN6bAg-00002-00000744-00001332 What I am going to share with you today is about the real history of earth and your true identity +Hz4M3LN6bAg-00003-00001382-00001738 Humanity is learning a great lesson at this time +Hz4M3LN6bAg-00004-00001738-00002858 The lesson is, of course, to realize your godhood, your connectedness with Prime Creator and with all that exists +Hz4M3LN6bAg-00005-00002858-00003664 The lesson is to realize that everything is connected and that you are part of it all +Hz4M3LN6bAg-00006-00003664-00004534 I am here to remind you of what you have already known +Hz4M3LN6bAg-00007-00004534-00004900 Buried deep inside of you are all the answers +Hz4M3LN6bAg-00008-00004900-00005566 The questions that come to the forefronts of your minds are arising so that you can bring the answers from within your own beings +Hz4M3LN6bAg-00009-00005566-00006416 In order to achieve this, you must first believe that the information is stored there +Hz4M3LN6bAg-00010-00006416-00006754 I will start with the real history of earth +Hz4M3LN6bAg-00011-00006754-00007570 Approximately half a million years ago, tumultuous events took place in this area of existence that affect your present-day earth +Hz4M3LN6bAg-00012-00007570-00008296 To a large degree, earth lost her sovereignty and another force of rulership came in +Hz4M3LN6bAg-00013-00008296-00008840 and claimed ownership to this prime hunk of real estate that you call home +Hz4M3LN6bAg-00014-00008840-00009522 These are recently appointed godlike administrators have not always been the kindest and the most benevolent sorts +Hz4M3LN6bAg-00015-00009522-00010494 Earth was established billions of years ago for a purpose. She was to be an intergalactic exchange center of information +Hz4M3LN6bAg-00016-00010494-00011268 , part of a vast library system where data from many many galaxies was stored +Hz4M3LN6bAg-00017-00011268-00011728 a living library to be precise +Hz4M3LN6bAg-00018-00011728-00012180 The original planners of Earth were members of the family of Light +Hz4M3LN6bAg-00019-00012180-00012978 beings who worked for and were associated with an aspect of consciousness called light +Hz4M3LN6bAg-00020-00012978-00013506 Members of the family of light created the information center they had conceived +Hz4M3LN6bAg-00021-00013506-00014180 . They designed a place where galaxies would contribute their information and would be able to participate +Hz4M3LN6bAg-00022-00014180-00014484 and share their specific knowledge +Hz4M3LN6bAg-00023-00014484-00015154 The project of the living library on earth was eventually fought over +Hz4M3LN6bAg-00024-00015154-00015872 . Skirmishes took place and earth became a place of conflict and duality +Hz4M3LN6bAg-00025-00015872-00016520 When a skirmish has occurred a certain group of entities fought in space +Hz4M3LN6bAg-00026-00016520-00016810 and won the territory of Earth +Hz4M3LN6bAg-00027-00016810-00017884 These new owners wanted the native earth species to remain uninvolved and uninformed so that the species would be easier to control +Hz4M3LN6bAg-00028-00017884-00018324 The original species of human creation experienced great destruction +Hz4M3LN6bAg-00029-00018324-00018874 and as DNA was scattered +Hz4M3LN6bAg-00030-00018874-00019448 what is remaining now is double helix +Hz4M3LN6bAg-00031-00019448-00019960 We also lost our super power because of the scattered DNA +Hz4M3LN6bAg-00032-00019960-00020626 What scientists call junk DNA is the traces of past trauma +Hz4M3LN6bAg-00033-00020626-00021380 As the frequency of earth increases, our DNA starts to awaken and recover +Hz4M3LN6bAg-00034-00021380-00022070 These awakened DNA will change your vision and hearing, increase life expectancy, etc. +Hz4M3LN6bAg-00035-00022070-00022650 Now, the dormant DNA is waking up +Hz4M3LN6bAg-00036-00022650-00022956 Human beings are coded by DNA +Hz4M3LN6bAg-00037-00022956-00023534 When we follow our evolutionary blueprint +Hz4M3LN6bAg-00038-00023534-00024312 we expand our consciousness, is the way to repair our DNA +Hz4M3LN6bAg-00039-00024312-00024616 so that the earth as a whole can get repaired +Hz4M3LN6bAg-00040-00024616-00025166 When enough people become awaken, the collective consciousness will suddenly open +Hz4M3LN6bAg-00041-00025166-00025668 as a whole, the earth starts to go through transformation +Hz4M3LN6bAg-00042-00025668-00026318 Because there are enough people on earth can follow their evolutionary blueprint +Hz4M3LN6bAg-00043-00026318-00026842 Therefore, as a pivot in the solar system and the galaxy +Hz4M3LN6bAg-00044-00026842-00027376 earth starts to transform and will have a significant influence on the entire universe +Hz4M3LN6bAg-00045-00027376-00027942 The critical mass for the transformation to happen is 144,000 +Hz4M3LN6bAg-00046-00027942-00028604 This is why Bible has repeated the significance of this number so many times +Hz4M3LN6bAg-00047-00028604-00029080 Please be aware that we are all parts of the earth living library +Hz4M3LN6bAg-00048-00029080-00029389 each one is very important +Hz4M3LN6bAg-00049-00029389-00029986 Your human body is the most valuable thing you will ever own an encounter +Hz4M3LN6bAg-00050-00029986-00030414 Though in actuality you yourselves have no idea of the value stored in the human body +Hz4M3LN6bAg-00051-00030414-00030938 Our body is the key to access all the hidden treasure +Hz4M3LN6bAg-00052-00030938-00031418 The mission of the starseed, is to find out our true identity +Hz4M3LN6bAg-00053-00031418-00032289 to find out 'what you truly know', instead of 'the information that you want to hear' or 'what you have been told' +Hz4M3LN6bAg-00054-00032289-00033192 the most important things is to trust what you truly know, because that will connect you back to the Creator +Hz4M3LN6bAg-00055-00033192-00034220 As you remember your true identity, everyone will look at their life from a higher perspective +Hz4M3LN6bAg-00056-00034220-00034684 I wish to throw out ideas for your consideration +Hz4M3LN6bAg-00057-00034684-00035516 I wish to encourage you not to get stuck-on any one idea, and also to embrace what you are hesitant about or are fearful of +Hz4M3LN6bAg-00058-00035516-00036266 Realize that when you face the so-called dark portions or shadow portions of yourself +Hz4M3LN6bAg-00059-00036266-00036730 you are creating an opportunity of liberation for all concerned +Hz4M3LN6bAg-00060-00036730-00037490 This comes back to the first and final tenet: thought creates +Hz4M3LN6bAg-00061-00037490-00038110 No matter what situation you find yourself in +Hz4M3LN6bAg-00062-00038110-00038768 it is the power of your thoughts that got you there +Hz4M3LN6bAg-00063-00038768-00039090 It is also the impeccable belief that thought creates that will transform your experience and the planetary existence +Hz4M3LN6bAg-00064-00039090-00039784 I recommend that you do a little questioning of anyone who overdefines and tells you absolutes +Hz4M3LN6bAg-00065-00039784-00040182 It is important to hear many different opinions and many different stories +Hz4M3LN6bAg-00066-00040182-00040794 Listen to a person's story, then see if it feels right +Hz4M3LN6bAg-00067-00040794-00041454 Is it for your own benefit and upliftment? +Hz4M3LN6bAg-00068-00041454-00042210 One of the things that I like to let you know is that it is up to you to decide what to do +Hz4M3LN6bAg-00069-00042210-00042672 it is up to you to decide what to do with it, you are in charge of your life +Hz4M3LN6bAg-00070-00042672-00043340 You yourself chose to be here +Hz4M3LN6bAg-00071-00043340-00044336 You are on assignment to bring memory forward and to bring the value of human existence back to the forefront of creation +Hz4M3LN6bAg-00072-00044336-00044774 You are needed, and you did not come unprepared +Hz4M3LN6bAg-00073-00044774-00045264 You have been in training for this assignment for lifetimes +Hz4M3LN6bAg-00074-00045264-00045670 All that you need to know now is inside of you +Hz4M3LN6bAg-00075-00045670-00046124 and it is your task to remember your training +Hz4M3LN6bAg-00076-00046124-00046936 This is not a lifetime when you are going to be taught new information +Hz4M3LN6bAg-00077-00046936-00047422 and I am just here to remind you of it. That is part of my assignment. +Hz4M3LN6bAg-00078-00047422-00047940 I want to share one last sentence +Hz4M3LN6bAg-00079-00047940-00048816 God is the Dreamer. He dreams in ME. When I awaken, I AM HE +Hz4M3LN6bAg-00080-00048816-00049016 Thank you for watching +HArvxmoCksE-00000-00000000-00000182 Leading your team can be hard even when +HArvxmoCksE-00001-00000182-00000354 you're at home, so how can you do it +HArvxmoCksE-00002-00000354-00001071 effectively from the road? Welcome back +HArvxmoCksE-00003-00001071-00001266 and congratulations on taking one more +HArvxmoCksE-00004-00001266-00001421 step towards becoming one of the great +HArvxmoCksE-00005-00001421-00001673 leaders of tomorrow. Developing your team +HArvxmoCksE-00006-00001673-00001811 and helping them meet their goals while +HArvxmoCksE-00007-00001811-00001973 you're at home is tough enough, never +HArvxmoCksE-00008-00001973-00002172 mind trying to do it from the road. Today +HArvxmoCksE-00009-00002172-00002349 I've got four tips for you to help you +HArvxmoCksE-00010-00002349-00002510 lead your team effectively when you're +HArvxmoCksE-00011-00002510-00002784 traveling for business and stay tuned to +HArvxmoCksE-00012-00002784-00002946 the end I'm going to give you a link +HArvxmoCksE-00013-00002946-00003063 where you can download our free +HArvxmoCksE-00014-00003063-00003264 leadership development plan workbook and +HArvxmoCksE-00015-00003264-00003453 that'll help you develop your goals for +HArvxmoCksE-00016-00003453-00003660 the next two, five and ten years and +HArvxmoCksE-00017-00003660-00003894 build a plan to achieve them. I used to +HArvxmoCksE-00018-00003894-00004061 travel a lot for work when I was in the +HArvxmoCksE-00019-00004061-00004257 Air Force. We used to call it TDY, short +HArvxmoCksE-00020-00004257-00004467 for temporary duty, and I remember this +HArvxmoCksE-00021-00004467-00004605 one assignment I had when I was in +HArvxmoCksE-00022-00004605-00004818 Colorado I would travel at least three +HArvxmoCksE-00023-00004818-00004989 or four days out of the week and that +HArvxmoCksE-00024-00004989-00005153 was usually three weeks out of the month +HArvxmoCksE-00025-00005153-00005394 at a minimum so I was gone a lot. And +HArvxmoCksE-00026-00005394-00005562 when I was in this job I was the +HArvxmoCksE-00027-00005562-00005748 director of operations for a squadron, so +HArvxmoCksE-00028-00005748-00005969 that meant it was my job to make sure +HArvxmoCksE-00029-00005969-00006219 that all these 60 people in the squadron +HArvxmoCksE-00030-00006219-00006327 were all moving in the same direction +HArvxmoCksE-00031-00006327-00006530 getting their jobs done and getting the +HArvxmoCksE-00032-00006530-00006698 mission accomplished and that was really +HArvxmoCksE-00033-00006698-00006822 hard to do while I was on the road +HArvxmoCksE-00034-00006822-00006972 traveling and they were back at home +HArvxmoCksE-00035-00006972-00007164 station or even off in other locations +HArvxmoCksE-00036-00007164-00007350 while they were traveling. And I loved +HArvxmoCksE-00037-00007350-00007533 this job it was really rewarding. We got +HArvxmoCksE-00038-00007533-00007689 to do a lot of rapid prototyping and +HArvxmoCksE-00039-00007689-00007811 getting things out to the field quickly. +HArvxmoCksE-00040-00007811-00008006 But it was really challenging. The +HArvxmoCksE-00041-00008006-00008142 leadership aspects of this were really +HArvxmoCksE-00042-00008142-00008328 challenging with all of us distributed +HArvxmoCksE-00043-00008328-00008559 all around the world. So the four tips +HArvxmoCksE-00044-00008559-00008733 I'm going to give you today are the tips +HArvxmoCksE-00045-00008733-00008895 I used and I kind of developed when I +HArvxmoCksE-00046-00008895-00009096 was in this job and they're just good +HArvxmoCksE-00047-00009096-00009270 leadership practices so you can use these +HArvxmoCksE-00048-00009270-00009432 even when you're at home. They don't +HArvxmoCksE-00049-00009432-00009561 necessarily need to just be for when +HArvxmoCksE-00050-00009561-00009795 you're traveling. Now last week we talked +HArvxmoCksE-00051-00009795-00009932 about some tips for helping you +HArvxmoCksE-00052-00009932-00010170 disengage from work when you're trying +HArvxmoCksE-00053-00010170-00010397 to rest and relax and take a vacation or +HArvxmoCksE-00054-00010397-00010521 even if you're just staying at home for +HArvxmoCksE-00055-00010521-00010638 a few days and getting away from the +HArvxmoCksE-00056-00010638-00010886 office. This week these tips are going to +HArvxmoCksE-00057-00010886-00011052 be really more about staying connected +HArvxmoCksE-00058-00011052-00011253 with your team even though you're off +HArvxmoCksE-00059-00011253-00011442 traveling and doing great work out in +HArvxmoCksE-00060-00011442-00011631 another location. And like I said before +HArvxmoCksE-00061-00011631-00011781 these are just good leadership practices +HArvxmoCksE-00062-00011781-00011928 so some of these tips are going to be +HArvxmoCksE-00063-00011928-00012189 the same as disconnecting when you're +HArvxmoCksE-00064-00012189-00012393 taking a vacation and some of them +HArvxmoCksE-00065-00012393-00012497 are going to be a little bit different but like I said +HArvxmoCksE-00066-00012497-00012621 these are just good leadership practices +HArvxmoCksE-00067-00012621-00012812 and you can try to work them in whether +HArvxmoCksE-00068-00012812-00012984 you're going on vacation or whether +HArvxmoCksE-00069-00012984-00013223 you're traveling for business. Tip number +HArvxmoCksE-00070-00013223-00013371 one for leading from the road +HArvxmoCksE-00071-00013371-00013560 is prep your team just like before you +HArvxmoCksE-00072-00013560-00013743 go on vacation. And now it's a little bit +HArvxmoCksE-00073-00013743-00013824 different because you're going to be +HArvxmoCksE-00074-00013824-00013959 connected, you're going to want to be +HArvxmoCksE-00075-00013959-00014124 talking to your team while you're on +HArvxmoCksE-00076-00014124-00014349 vacation not trying to disengage but the +HArvxmoCksE-00077-00014349-00014588 principles are still the same. You want +HArvxmoCksE-00078-00014588-00014724 to make sure that each team member +HArvxmoCksE-00079-00014724-00014891 understands what their responsibilities +HArvxmoCksE-00080-00014891-00015060 are while you're gone. Look them in the +HArvxmoCksE-00081-00015060-00015222 eye and get that positive handoff just +HArvxmoCksE-00082-00015222-00015360 like we talked about before going on +HArvxmoCksE-00083-00015360-00015549 vacation. Make sure they know where to +HArvxmoCksE-00084-00015549-00015713 find all the information they might need +HArvxmoCksE-00085-00015713-00015924 to accomplish their work or make a +HArvxmoCksE-00086-00015924-00016097 decision in your absence if they need to +HArvxmoCksE-00087-00016097-00016293 do that. Make sure they understand what +HArvxmoCksE-00088-00016293-00016425 decisions they're allowed to make while +HArvxmoCksE-00089-00016425-00016584 you're gone, what decisions they need to +HArvxmoCksE-00090-00016584-00016779 wait for you to come back for, or what +HArvxmoCksE-00091-00016779-00016890 decisions they need to call you about. +HArvxmoCksE-00092-00016890-00017061 What would constitute a real reason for +HArvxmoCksE-00093-00017061-00017226 them to call you while you're traveling +HArvxmoCksE-00094-00017226-00017424 for business and interrupt the good work +HArvxmoCksE-00095-00017424-00017541 you're doing while you're on the road? +HArvxmoCksE-00096-00017541-00017715 Make sure they understand what +HArvxmoCksE-00097-00017715-00017862 constitutes an emergency where they +HArvxmoCksE-00098-00017862-00017997 should break you out of a meeting and +HArvxmoCksE-00099-00017997-00018237 get you refocused on something that +HArvxmoCksE-00100-00018237-00018450 might have to happen right away. Tip +HArvxmoCksE-00101-00018450-00018603 number two when you're traveling is to +HArvxmoCksE-00102-00018603-00018816 stay connected with your team. And this +HArvxmoCksE-00103-00018816-00019008 is a lot easier than it was ten years +HArvxmoCksE-00104-00019008-00019209 ago when I was doing all that traveling +HArvxmoCksE-00105-00019209-00019374 was traveling so many days out of the +HArvxmoCksE-00106-00019374-00019596 month. Back then I had a blackberry and a +HArvxmoCksE-00107-00019596-00019773 cell phone, but it was still kind of hard. +HArvxmoCksE-00108-00019773-00019905 You couldn't really read attachments on +HArvxmoCksE-00109-00019905-00020148 blackberry, public Wi-Fi wasn't very +HArvxmoCksE-00110-00020148-00020391 common, it wasn't really easy to do work +HArvxmoCksE-00111-00020391-00020571 tasks other than talking on the phone to +HArvxmoCksE-00112-00020571-00020706 someone even just ten years ago. +HArvxmoCksE-00113-00020706-00021015 Smartphones, tablets, Wi-Fi being +HArvxmoCksE-00114-00021015-00021204 everywhere, great cell phone plans, that's +HArvxmoCksE-00115-00021204-00021399 all changed that things like social +HArvxmoCksE-00116-00021399-00021582 media and ways to connect with people so +HArvxmoCksE-00117-00021582-00021777 take advantage of all those tools. You +HArvxmoCksE-00118-00021777-00021936 may be able to instead of just being a +HArvxmoCksE-00119-00021936-00022044 phone call, you may be able to be on a +HArvxmoCksE-00120-00022044-00022203 live video chat with someone on your +HArvxmoCksE-00121-00022203-00022404 team, so take advantage of those tools +HArvxmoCksE-00122-00022404-00022560 and if you don't have those tools +HArvxmoCksE-00123-00022560-00022701 available, if you don't have your +HArvxmoCksE-00124-00022701-00023007 documentation set up in cloud storage or +HArvxmoCksE-00125-00023007-00023187 video chat tools that you can chat +HArvxmoCksE-00126-00023187-00023331 effectively with your team while you're +HArvxmoCksE-00127-00023331-00023535 on the road, look into getting those. A +HArvxmoCksE-00128-00023535-00023751 lot of them aren't very expensive and +HArvxmoCksE-00129-00023751-00023976 they are probably worth the cost if +HArvxmoCksE-00130-00023976-00024069 you're going to be traveling a lot. +HArvxmoCksE-00131-00024069-00024288 Staying connected is about more than just +HArvxmoCksE-00132-00024288-00024453 using the latest tools that you have at your +HArvxmoCksE-00133-00024453-00024618 disposal. There's also a little bit of a time +HArvxmoCksE-00134-00024618-00024867 management aspect of this as well. Tip +HArvxmoCksE-00135-00024867-00025068 number three is to make sure that you +HArvxmoCksE-00136-00025068-00025227 set aside some time while you're +HArvxmoCksE-00137-00025227-00025356 traveling to connect to the team members +HArvxmoCksE-00138-00025356-00025548 so you can address any needs or +HArvxmoCksE-00139-00025548-00025779 questions that they might have for you. +HArvxmoCksE-00140-00025779-00025962 But I know the last thing you want to do +HArvxmoCksE-00141-00025962-00026067 when you're traveling ,when you get to +HArvxmoCksE-00142-00026067-00026258 that hotel room at night after you've been on a flight +HArvxmoCksE-00143-00026258-00026544 all day, is to get on a video chat or a +HArvxmoCksE-00144-00026544-00026708 phone call with your team members. +HArvxmoCksE-00145-00026708-00026847 But the advantage to this is that your +HArvxmoCksE-00146-00026847-00026961 team member might be having a problem +HArvxmoCksE-00147-00026961-00027138 that you might be able to solve in the +HArvxmoCksE-00148-00027138-00027302 location you're at with a face-to-face +HArvxmoCksE-00149-00027302-00027507 meeting with someone. Now that's not +HArvxmoCksE-00150-00027507-00027651 always going to be true and it's +HArvxmoCksE-00151-00027651-00027797 important to be selective about what you +HArvxmoCksE-00152-00027797-00027924 talk to your team members about. It's +HArvxmoCksE-00153-00027924-00028122 okay to do that, it's okay to say. "Hey I +HArvxmoCksE-00154-00028122-00028302 want to check in with you about this and +HArvxmoCksE-00155-00028302-00028422 see there's anything I can help you with +HArvxmoCksE-00156-00028422-00028560 while I'm on the road in this location +HArvxmoCksE-00157-00028560-00028769 or if you're having a real problem or +HArvxmoCksE-00158-00028769-00028968 emergency we can spend some time talking +HArvxmoCksE-00159-00028968-00029157 about that" but you don't need to get the +HArvxmoCksE-00160-00029157-00029294 whole rundown on everything they've +HArvxmoCksE-00161-00029294-00029400 been doing and you don't need to give +HArvxmoCksE-00162-00029400-00029505 them the whole rundown on everything +HArvxmoCksE-00163-00029505-00029685 you've been doing. So be selective about +HArvxmoCksE-00164-00029685-00029891 this, but make some time check in with +HArvxmoCksE-00165-00029891-00030219 your team members and see what you can +HArvxmoCksE-00166-00030219-00030393 do for them from the road and what they +HArvxmoCksE-00167-00030393-00030582 may be able to do for you from home +HArvxmoCksE-00168-00030582-00030807 station. Tip number four is to use your +HArvxmoCksE-00169-00030807-00030963 down time effectively when you're +HArvxmoCksE-00170-00030963-00031212 traveling. Traveling is always an +HArvxmoCksE-00171-00031212-00031377 exercise in hurry up and wait. Flights +HArvxmoCksE-00172-00031377-00031536 get delayed, there's long wait at the +HArvxmoCksE-00173-00031536-00031727 airport, you may have to get there for +HArvxmoCksE-00174-00031727-00031911 security early, find out that the lines +HArvxmoCksE-00175-00031911-00032055 really short you may have an extra few +HArvxmoCksE-00176-00032055-00032181 hours in the airport, we have to wait for +HArvxmoCksE-00177-00032181-00032345 uber's and cabs and that kind of thing. +HArvxmoCksE-00178-00032345-00032601 There's lots of down time that you can +HArvxmoCksE-00179-00032601-00032760 take advantage of, and I like to use this +HArvxmoCksE-00180-00032760-00032931 down time to take care of quick, simple, +HArvxmoCksE-00181-00032931-00033252 little tasks that don't I don't have to +HArvxmoCksE-00182-00033252-00033456 invest a lot of time in or to start on +HArvxmoCksE-00183-00033456-00033657 then maybe put away if my flight gets +HArvxmoCksE-00184-00033657-00033807 called forward or the gate changes or +HArvxmoCksE-00185-00033807-00033969 something like that. So I like to just +HArvxmoCksE-00186-00033969-00034137 blast your emails, triage through those +HArvxmoCksE-00187-00034137-00034272 emails, delete the ones that aren't +HArvxmoCksE-00188-00034272-00034518 important, go through social media, do a +HArvxmoCksE-00189-00034518-00034665 lot of my social media engagement while +HArvxmoCksE-00190-00034665-00034869 I'm sitting in an airport or sitting in the back +HArvxmoCksE-00191-00034869-00035019 of an uber or waiting for a cab or +HArvxmoCksE-00192-00035019-00035208 something like that. So there's all kinds +HArvxmoCksE-00193-00035208-00035358 of little things you can do to take +HArvxmoCksE-00194-00035358-00035550 advantage of your downtime. And if you're +HArvxmoCksE-00195-00035550-00035661 like me, I like to get to the airport +HArvxmoCksE-00196-00035661-00035816 early. I hate to be stressed going +HArvxmoCksE-00197-00035816-00035949 through the line at the last minute, +HArvxmoCksE-00198-00035949-00036066 wondering if I'm going to make my flight. +HArvxmoCksE-00199-00036066-00036270 A lot of people like to do that, but that's +HArvxmoCksE-00200-00036270-00036405 not me. So i tend to get to the airport +HArvxmoCksE-00201-00036405-00036672 early so i often have a bunch of +HArvxmoCksE-00202-00036672-00036870 downtime before my flight, sometimes like +HArvxmoCksE-00203-00036870-00037026 an hour or an hour and a half depending on +HArvxmoCksE-00204-00037026-00037230 how the security line goes. So what I do +HArvxmoCksE-00205-00037230-00037403 is if I know I'm going to have that kind +HArvxmoCksE-00206-00037403-00037572 of period of time, I might leave a longer +HArvxmoCksE-00207-00037572-00037866 task to review a document or make some +HArvxmoCksE-00208-00037866-00038043 comments on something or look at a +HArvxmoCksE-00209-00038043-00038211 project plan or something like that make +HArvxmoCksE-00210-00038211-00038441 edits to things. So use your down time +HArvxmoCksE-00211-00038441-00038583 wisely when you're traveling. There's all +HArvxmoCksE-00212-00038583-00038790 kinds of things you can do and that will leave +HArvxmoCksE-00213-00038790-00038952 more time for checking in with your team +HArvxmoCksE-00214-00038952-00039159 and let you be focused on what you're +HArvxmoCksE-00215-00039159-00039333 actually traveling for, who you're +HArvxmoCksE-00216-00039333-00039462 meeting with, what the purpose of that is, +HArvxmoCksE-00217-00039462-00039671 and sticking to that if you can +HArvxmoCksE-00218-00039671-00039809 accomplish all these little tasks in +HArvxmoCksE-00219-00039809-00040037 your downtime. So there you go for tips +HArvxmoCksE-00220-00040037-00040216 to help you lead your team while you're +HArvxmoCksE-00221-00040216-00040366 traveling and doing great work out on +HArvxmoCksE-00222-00040366-00040550 the road. Nothing's ever a perfect +HArvxmoCksE-00223-00040550-00040724 solution and this is no substitute for +HArvxmoCksE-00224-00040724-00040871 face-to-face engagment with your team +HArvxmoCksE-00225-00040871-00041054 members, but try these four tips next +HArvxmoCksE-00226-00041054-00041255 time you're on the road and it'll help +HArvxmoCksE-00227-00041255-00041390 you stay connected and engage with your +HArvxmoCksE-00228-00041390-00041582 team and I know they'll appreciate the +HArvxmoCksE-00229-00041582-00041768 effort. If you found this helpful please +HArvxmoCksE-00230-00041768-00041996 like, comment and share it with a friend or +HArvxmoCksE-00231-00041996-00042206 co-worker. Click on that link below in +HArvxmoCksE-00232-00042206-00042359 the description and that will take you +HArvxmoCksE-00233-00042359-00042482 to where you can download our free +HArvxmoCksE-00234-00042482-00042662 leadership development plan workbook. +HArvxmoCksE-00235-00042662-00042827 That will help you set your goals for +HArvxmoCksE-00236-00042827-00042986 your career for the next two, five and +HArvxmoCksE-00237-00042986-00043205 ten years and help you build a plan to +HArvxmoCksE-00238-00043205-00043441 achieve them. If you have any business or +HArvxmoCksE-00239-00043441-00043580 leadership questions, put them in the +HArvxmoCksE-00240-00043580-00043733 comments, we love to hear from you, or +HArvxmoCksE-00241-00043733-00043937 email us at info@evilgeniusleadership.com +HArvxmoCksE-00242-00043937-00044196 evilgeniusleadership.com +HArvxmoCksE-00243-00044196-00044366 is also where you can find out +HArvxmoCksE-00244-00044366-00044591 about all of our coaching programs. So if +HArvxmoCksE-00245-00044591-00044660 you're looking for a little more +HArvxmoCksE-00246-00044660-00044888 one-on-one training to work on your +HArvxmoCksE-00247-00044888-00045028 leadership style and develop your +HArvxmoCksE-00248-00045028-00045233 leadership techniques, check us out there +HArvxmoCksE-00249-00045233-00045335 we'll set you up with a free +HArvxmoCksE-00250-00045335-00045602 consultation. Thanks for watching today, I +HArvxmoCksE-00251-00045602-00045800 really appreciate it and remember the +HArvxmoCksE-00252-00045800-00046186 future is out there lead the way +HE2A9RQCvAQ-00000-00000000-00000509 In this video, you will learn some of the basics of conducting database searches. +HE2A9RQCvAQ-00001-00000562-00000974 Most academic databases have multiple search fields as their default setting. +HE2A9RQCvAQ-00002-00001074-00001424 This multi-field format allows users to perform Boolean Searches +HE2A9RQCvAQ-00003-00001460-00001760 which means searching for two or more terms by defining their relationship +HE2A9RQCvAQ-00004-00001760-00002316 with one another using the operators AND, OR, and NOT. +HE2A9RQCvAQ-00005-00002434-00002734 The operators provide you with greater control over your search terms, +HE2A9RQCvAQ-00006-00002767-00003008 and with them you can focus your searches by: +HE2A9RQCvAQ-00007-00003008-00003420 Using AND to narrow down searches by specifying all the terms that you want +HE2A9RQCvAQ-00008-00003456-00003756 to see present together in your results +HE2A9RQCvAQ-00009-00003808-00004276 Using OR to broaden your searches by including similar terms or concepts +HE2A9RQCvAQ-00010-00004390-00004690 And by using NOT to narrow down searches by +HE2A9RQCvAQ-00011-00004690-00005034 excluding specific terms from your search results +HE2A9RQCvAQ-00012-00005034-00005114 AND +HE2A9RQCvAQ-00013-00005358-00005522 Whenever you have a new topic, +HE2A9RQCvAQ-00014-00005552-00005852 explore the available literature from a broad starting point +HE2A9RQCvAQ-00015-00005888-00006116 and then narrow your searches down further from there +HE2A9RQCvAQ-00016-00006188-00006296 For example +HE2A9RQCvAQ-00017-00006324-00006744 you could start off with a general search for bed alarm AND falls. +HE2A9RQCvAQ-00018-00006790-00007090 Note: The order of your search terms does not matter; +HE2A9RQCvAQ-00019-00007159-00007459 what matters is the operator you choose to search with +HE2A9RQCvAQ-00020-00007557-00008203 In this example, AND specifies that you want these two terms included together in your results. +HE2A9RQCvAQ-00021-00008294-00008868 After performing an initial search, you can narrow down the total results further by using AND +HE2A9RQCvAQ-00022-00008886-00009274 to specify other terms that you would like to see present in the search results. +HE2A9RQCvAQ-00023-00009382-00009785 For example, if you were looking for articles about elderly patients, +HE2A9RQCvAQ-00024-00009822-00010122 then that could be specified by adding elderly in another search field. +HE2A9RQCvAQ-00025-00010306-00010708 You can continue to narrow down your search by adding more search fields as needed. +HE2A9RQCvAQ-00026-00010768-00010910 OR +HE2A9RQCvAQ-00027-00011020-00011608 To broaden your search, use OR to include synonyms, alternative terms, or similar topics. +HE2A9RQCvAQ-00028-00011764-00012010 You can choose to use OR to connect separate search fields. +HE2A9RQCvAQ-00029-00012116-00012608 You can also type OR inside the search fields to make a string of two or more terms. +HE2A9RQCvAQ-00030-00012700-00013331 In this case, you could construct your search with “elderly OR geriatric OR older”, +HE2A9RQCvAQ-00031-00013400-00013747 allowing you to cast a wider net with just a single search. +HE2A9RQCvAQ-00032-00013916-00014332 Databases will often provide suggested strings of synonyms or similar topics +HE2A9RQCvAQ-00033-00014396-00014566 as you type in your own search terms. +HE2A9RQCvAQ-00034-00014713-00015180 Feel free to use these as they come up, editing them if necessary. +HE2A9RQCvAQ-00035-00015402-00015513 NOT +HE2A9RQCvAQ-00036-00015574-00015850 You can also narrow down a search further by using NOT. +HE2A9RQCvAQ-00037-00015940-00016452 For example, you could specify NOT hospitals inside a new search field +HE2A9RQCvAQ-00038-00016452-00016708 to exclude articles that mention that exact term +HE2A9RQCvAQ-00039-00016870-00017246 Of course, you could perform a similar action by using AND +HE2A9RQCvAQ-00040-00017246-00017619 to specify the exact kind of non-hospital setting you were searching for. +HE2A9RQCvAQ-00041-00017904-00018094 Beyond Boolean +HE2A9RQCvAQ-00042-00018145-00018517 Using the AND and NOT operators aren’t the only ways that you can narrow +HE2A9RQCvAQ-00043-00018517-00018695 down and specify searches +HE2A9RQCvAQ-00044-00018842-00019172 Academic databases provide various limiting options that you can use, +HE2A9RQCvAQ-00045-00019242-00019474 including publication date and source type. +HE2A9RQCvAQ-00046-00019617-00020047 For most of these limits, it will be entirely optional whether you want to use them or not +HE2A9RQCvAQ-00047-00020148-00020562 However, you may be required to limit your search results to peer-reviewed sources only, +HE2A9RQCvAQ-00048-00020618-00021024 and to limit the publication date to a specific range, like the last five years. +HE2A9RQCvAQ-00049-00021094-00021538 Occasionally you will have a topic where there will be one or more seminal studies +HE2A9RQCvAQ-00050-00021578-00021878 that are older than your assigned publication date range that are still +HE2A9RQCvAQ-00051-00021880-00022134 widely cited in the most up-to-date research +HE2A9RQCvAQ-00052-00022192-00022604 Exceptions like this should be fine as long as you check with your instructor first. +HE2A9RQCvAQ-00053-00022679-00023087 You can also narrow down search results by specifying your exact search phrases +HE2A9RQCvAQ-00054-00023198-00023684 Many databases will automatically treat any phrase or term that is two words or longer +HE2A9RQCvAQ-00055-00023726-00024070 as if all the words are all defined with the AND operator. +HE2A9RQCvAQ-00056-00024157-00024703 As you may have experienced already, this will lead to results that include the exact search phrase, +HE2A9RQCvAQ-00057-00024745-00025096 and results that just have all the different words in a phrase present. +HE2A9RQCvAQ-00058-00025237-00025844 To avoid this, you can put quotes around any exact phrase that you want to see in your search results +HE2A9RQCvAQ-00059-00025932-00026438 The quotes will specify that you want all the words between them together in that exact order. +HE2A9RQCvAQ-00060-00026498-00026862 Database searching is very much a trial by error process. +HE2A9RQCvAQ-00061-00026980-00027427 There are usually multiple combinations of search terms and operators that can be used +HE2A9RQCvAQ-00062-00027427-00027727 to explore the available research on any topic. +HE2A9RQCvAQ-00063-00027738-00028110 Be sure to allow yourself patience as you conduct database searches +HE2A9RQCvAQ-00064-00028110-00028298 and experiment with differentsearch terms +HE2A9RQCvAQ-00065-00028382-00028942 and of course, don’t ever hesitate to reach out to your librarians whenever you feel like you need assistance. +HFG8IEkBVQI-00007-00001935-00002274 Narayan Sakar Hari Satsang Agra Uttar Pradesh +HFG8IEkBVQI-00011-00003050-00003354 Narayan Sakar Hari Satsang : Followers +HFG8IEkBVQI-00017-00004869-00005074 Narayan Sakar Hari Satsang live Agra Uttar Pradesh +HJu-5s_VrkY-00000-00001062-00001672 Hi, I’m Brad Duerstock at Purdue University. I use the pronouns he/him. I'm a white male +HJu-5s_VrkY-00001-00001672-00002280 and a tetraplegic wheelchair user due to a spinal cord injury. My virtual background +HJu-5s_VrkY-00002-00002280-00002880 shows the Purdue campus. Itis my pleasure to talk to you about the lessons learned +HJu-5s_VrkY-00003-00002880-00003464 and strategies we developed for improving accessibility of biomedical lab environments. +HJu-5s_VrkY-00004-00003592-00004288 I hope this will be instructive for further conversation on promoting the inclusion +HJu-5s_VrkY-00005-00004288-00004752 and active learning experiences for persons with disabilities in STEM. +HJu-5s_VrkY-00006-00005008-00005664 Traditional biomedical lab environments or wet labs are pervasive +HJu-5s_VrkY-00007-00005768-00006384 in secondary and post-secondary educational institutions and research centers across the +HJu-5s_VrkY-00008-00006384-00007184 country. They typically have similar features and fixtures:sinks, fume hoods, cabinets, lamps, +HJu-5s_VrkY-00009-00007336-00008216 lab benches, and a variety of scientific instruments for different life sciences and +HJu-5s_VrkY-00010-00008216-00009232 engineering disciplines; however, frequently these elements pose significant barriers for students +HJu-5s_VrkY-00011-00009232-00010128 with physical disabilities, preventing them from actively participating in basic lab activities. +HJu-5s_VrkY-00012-00010640-00010944 I like to show this slide that +HJu-5s_VrkY-00013-00011200-00012056 shows us where we've been and kind of help us propel prepare ourselves to where we'd like to be. +HJu-5s_VrkY-00014-00012400-00013568 In this slide on the left side is a World War II era poster that reads: America needs all of us +HJu-5s_VrkY-00015-00013640-00014391 and it shows a worker with a hand amputation performing some type of engineering task. +HJu-5s_VrkY-00016-00014463-00015080 This was a reaction to the dearth of workers needed at the time because of the absence of +HJu-5s_VrkY-00017-00015080-00015976 able-bodied workers that joined the war effort. On the right hand side are two pictures of motion +HJu-5s_VrkY-00018-00015976-00016984 studies being conducted by Frank and Lily Gibrath. Both professors at the time at Purdue University +HJu-5s_VrkY-00019-00017144-00017824 they evaluated the movements of return returning soldiers with disabilities +HJu-5s_VrkY-00020-00017880-00018712 performing vocational tasks such as typing. This work began during World War II and continued on +HJu-5s_VrkY-00021-00018768-00019872 until after World War One started andcontinued to after World War II. They saw such a large influx +HJu-5s_VrkY-00022-00019872-00020656 of disabled soldiers that were unable to return to the workplace due to inaccessible condition. +HJu-5s_VrkY-00023-00020824-00021496 There's a quote by them that reads: “the injured man must be made to feel that he is not an object +HJu-5s_VrkY-00024-00021496-00022152 of charity but that he is a handicapped contestant in the world of active people.” +HJu-5s_VrkY-00025-00022480-00023168 So they saw this challenge of how to get these young people back to their +HJu-5s_VrkY-00026-00023168-00024120 original lives. The prevailing thought was among really a lot of people in health care in this +HJu-5s_VrkY-00027-00024272-00024872 area was that how do we fix these people to become more normal again +HJu-5s_VrkY-00028-00025056-00025727 and many of you familiar with the medical and social models that portray the prevailing +HJu-5s_VrkY-00029-00025816-00026832 idea or view of disability but the Gilberts were big proponents on +HJu-5s_VrkY-00030-00026832-00027536 defining that the problem is not in the person but in the environment, +HJu-5s_VrkY-00031-00027712-00028183 so how do we make workplace conditions more accessible. +HJu-5s_VrkY-00032-00028424-00029120 We go today and look at the area of STEM inclusion and we see that +HJu-5s_VrkY-00033-00029295-00030080 there is the same number of students with disabilities or without disabilities that are +HJu-5s_VrkY-00034-00030080-00030983 wanting to enroll in post-secondary education in the sciences and engineering; however +HJu-5s_VrkY-00035-00031095-00031480 the number of students with disabilities that actually and ultimately +HJu-5s_VrkY-00036-00031592-00032583 get a career in STEM is quite low. The attrition rate is very severe of students with disabilities +HJu-5s_VrkY-00037-00032776-00033336 going and getting a degree a doctorate of masters in STEM +HJu-5s_VrkY-00038-00033584-00034344 which are important to become a scientist or engineer or a physician. +HJu-5s_VrkY-00039-00034592-00034856 So this is the problem that we decide to look at +HJu-5s_VrkY-00040-00034976-00035504 in an initiative called the Institute for Accessible Science or IAS which was +HJu-5s_VrkY-00041-00035504-00036264 established through the NIH Director's Pathfinder Award. We wish to facilitate the practical +HJu-5s_VrkY-00042-00036264-00037184 or hands-on lab activities, which we found to be a major barrier to the +HJu-5s_VrkY-00043-00037360-00038320 ultimate success of students in post-secondary and advanced graduate degrees pursuing STEM. +HJu-5s_VrkY-00044-00038584-00039384 One of the reasons is activity-based learning is critical to STEM pedagogy, +HJu-5s_VrkY-00045-00039464-00040072 and we found that students with physical disabilities often stayed away from lab-based +HJu-5s_VrkY-00046-00040072-00041352 undergraduate courses due to perceived and real barriers. And then upon reaching graduate school +HJu-5s_VrkY-00047-00041456-00042256 there is a need for conducting independent research that is also daunting to those with +HJu-5s_VrkY-00048-00042256-00043552 disabilities. So we focused on how to promote their accessibility not to do away with practical +HJu-5s_VrkY-00049-00043552-00044168 education and independent research because research is very dependent +HJu-5s_VrkY-00050-00044224-00045064 on the technologies that you use the scientific equipment understanding how that equipment works +HJu-5s_VrkY-00051-00045064-00045752 and their limitations is very important in designing experiments for research. +HJu-5s_VrkY-00052-00046200-00046552 So we first wanted to look at +HJu-5s_VrkY-00053-00046832-00047240 the lab environment, the architectural access. +HJu-5s_VrkY-00054-00047392-00048552 We were lucky to have access to a state of an art wet lab that we could study to investigate. +HJu-5s_VrkY-00055-00048648-00049464 In this facility we found that in the periphery of the lab was the stationary fixtures: +HJu-5s_VrkY-00056-00049520-00050584 the fume hoods, the sinks, the cabinets. And then the middle center of the lab were mobile +HJu-5s_VrkY-00057-00050728-00051479 lab benches that could be reconfigured according to how many students were taking the class +HJu-5s_VrkY-00058-00051479-00051984 or to accommodate those students with disabilities that needed more space. +HJu-5s_VrkY-00059-00052240-00052544 In addition these lab benches were height adjustable +HJu-5s_VrkY-00060-00052744-00053384 so that it could accommodate wheelchair users, those wanting to stand, those seated on stools. +HJu-5s_VrkY-00061-00053879-00054264 In terms of performing +HJu-5s_VrkY-00062-00054608-00055312 activities lab tasks within this environment we decided to look at three stations: +HJu-5s_VrkY-00063-00055376-00055928 the lab bench, the fume hood, and the sink. And you see all these are wheelchair accessible +HJu-5s_VrkY-00064-00056072-00056848 using the idea of the kitchen work triangle again proposed by Lillian Gilbreth. +HJu-5s_VrkY-00065-00057032-00057640 And if you're not familiar with that, that's the idea of for maximum efficiency in the kitchen +HJu-5s_VrkY-00066-00057720-00058800 think about the proximity of the kitchen sink to the refrigerator and the stovetop but instead +HJu-5s_VrkY-00067-00058800-00059552 in the lab we look at the sink, fume hood, and lab bench as being three crucial areas +HJu-5s_VrkY-00068-00059608-00060848 that students with any disability or with that disability need to navigate. If they're too +HJu-5s_VrkY-00069-00060848-00061528 clustered together it causes a lot of congestion. If it's too far apart it causes a lot of wasted +HJu-5s_VrkY-00070-00061528-00062248 energy and is also very inefficient. So the different sides of the triangle show +HJu-5s_VrkY-00071-00062248-00063112 an optimal position distance of these three areas for students with disabilities especially those +HJu-5s_VrkY-00072-00063112-00063976 with visual or mobility impairments being able to navigate that without really having to worry about +HJu-5s_VrkY-00073-00063976-00064584 running into other students or without expending a lot of energy, really increasing their efficiency. +HJu-5s_VrkY-00074-00064967-00065600 Another aspect of the wet lab environment was looking at lab safety. +HJu-5s_VrkY-00075-00065824-00066536 Of course that's an important part and this lab also had your typical +HJu-5s_VrkY-00076-00066688-00067488 emergency shower and eye wash. You can see here in the left image +HJu-5s_VrkY-00077-00067688-00068216 that we had to extend them out from the water line because it didn't allow for the +HJu-5s_VrkY-00078-00068280-00069160 knee clearance of wheelchair users. We also added another pole for the emergency shower +HJu-5s_VrkY-00079-00069232-00069816 because the other one was too high and could not be reached from someone sitting in a wheelchair. +HJu-5s_VrkY-00080-00070152-00070752 Other tips that we found was using motion activated +HJu-5s_VrkY-00081-00070880-00072016 containers for receptacles, for sharps disposal, for waste, for soap and paper towel dispensers. +HJu-5s_VrkY-00082-00072160-00072768 This allows it to be very accessible because it's hands-free and does not require +HJu-5s_VrkY-00083-00072768-00073360 fine motor skills and also decreases overall contamination among different users. +HJu-5s_VrkY-00084-00073512-00074200 A lot of the solutions that we found that makes the lab accessible for people with +HJu-5s_VrkY-00085-00074200-00074896 disabilities really this makes good common sense and improves efficiency for all users. +HJu-5s_VrkY-00086-00075416-00076160 Last I'll be talking about lab instruments. Every physical, every wet lab has an +HJu-5s_VrkY-00087-00076160-00076728 array of different lab instruments, some more sophisticated than others. +HJu-5s_VrkY-00088-00077008-00077840 A basic tool of most biomedical labs is the microscope. In a project called +HJu-5s_VrkY-00089-00077840-00078816 Axiscope we automated a research level microscope so it could be completely operable through a +HJu-5s_VrkY-00090-00078960-00079600 computer interface that could be adapted easily according to one's disability. +HJu-5s_VrkY-00091-00079760-00080432 We first looked at those with upper limb mobility impairments who had difficulty hitting all the +HJu-5s_VrkY-00092-00080432-00081288 buttons turning all the knobs of a microscope as well as incorporating an automatic slide loader +HJu-5s_VrkY-00093-00081352-00082448 so they didn't have to put the glass slides on the stage. It could be done through this robotic +HJu-5s_VrkY-00094-00082448-00083184 platform. We also found the system to be very useful for those with low vision by +HJu-5s_VrkY-00095-00083184-00083864 bypassing the eyepieces and allowing them to use a large monitor to view microscope +HJu-5s_VrkY-00096-00083928-00084624 specimens. But not all accommodations for instruments need to be high-tech. +HJu-5s_VrkY-00097-00084784-00085480 In a case study where we helped a veterinary technology student +HJu-5s_VrkY-00098-00085576-00086224 who had low vision were able to use many off-the-shelf solutions. +HJu-5s_VrkY-00099-00086464-00086984 For histology and psychology +HJu-5s_VrkY-00100-00087208-00087872 we used a microscope - this is a student microscope - with a video camera and a +HJu-5s_VrkY-00101-00087872-00088544 laptop specimen. For near viewing such as for dentistry and gross anatomy, +HJu-5s_VrkY-00102-00088608-00089192 she used an illuminated head loop typically worn by surgeons +HJu-5s_VrkY-00103-00089432-00089848 and for long distance viewing she used a binocular +HJu-5s_VrkY-00104-00090016-00090800 that could be used to observe such things as the gate of running horses to check for lameness. +HJu-5s_VrkY-00105-00091088-00091792 So a lot of these solutions didn't take a lot of money or high-tech +HJu-5s_VrkY-00106-00092032-00092264 problem solving, but just the +HJu-5s_VrkY-00107-00092448-00093312 ingenuity and ability to put yourself in the place of the person that needed help. +HJu-5s_VrkY-00108-00093624-00094272 One more area that we're currently looking at is incorporating more lab robotics. +HJu-5s_VrkY-00109-00094448-00095488 These robots can be used for not only high-end scientific procedures but also for more mundane +HJu-5s_VrkY-00110-00095488-00096296 lab tasks such as a mobile robot for conveying specimens from one location to the next +HJu-5s_VrkY-00111-00096416-00097024 without worrying about spelling it or dropping them. Or using a robotic arm for +HJu-5s_VrkY-00112-00097144-00097928 manipulating glassware for pouring solutions from one container to the next. +HJu-5s_VrkY-00113-00098152-00098848 The issues that we found to be most difficult when using operating robots though +HJu-5s_VrkY-00114-00098912-00099616 was needing to use different ways of interaction. No contact +HJu-5s_VrkY-00115-00099616-00100120 operation, using speech and gesture recognition, was found to be very helpful. +HJu-5s_VrkY-00116-00100328-00100760 Also getting feedback from these robots is very important. +HJu-5s_VrkY-00117-00100968-00101992 Instead of relying solely on visual inspection you can get auditory or haptic or temperature feedback +HJu-5s_VrkY-00118-00102152-00102440 of whatever +HJu-5s_VrkY-00119-00102832-00103024 object you're manipulating. +HJu-5s_VrkY-00120-00103552-00104152 I want to briefly talk about some other barriers to inclusion in STEM that we found +HJu-5s_VrkY-00121-00104256-00105183 was that students have been shown to really benefit from science or STEM internships, +HJu-5s_VrkY-00122-00105352-00105864 but many students with disabilities, such as those with difficulty with self-care, +HJu-5s_VrkY-00123-00105944-00106583 cannot simply go to another state during the summer for an eight-week internship. +HJu-5s_VrkY-00124-00106680-00107616 Sometimes that is not practical or feasible. So how do we provide these internships to students +HJu-5s_VrkY-00125-00107616-00108311 with disabilities and making sure they have the accommodations that they need to be successful? +HJu-5s_VrkY-00126-00108656-00109664 Current supplemental support to accommodate students through the NSF, NIH,and other agencies +HJu-5s_VrkY-00127-00109872-00110568 in a survey of Purdue researchers, we found that most were willing to provide some level of +HJu-5s_VrkY-00128-00110568-00110904 accommodations and many more were willing, but +HJu-5s_VrkY-00129-00110968-00111664 needed assistance, and just a few felt that accommodations were too difficult +HJu-5s_VrkY-00130-00111720-00112376 and why bother since they already have access to qualified students without disabilities. +HJu-5s_VrkY-00131-00112608-00113264 So where supplementalsupport for accommodating a student in the lab +HJu-5s_VrkY-00132-00113376-00114064 is very helpful in retaining them it doesn't do a lot with recruiting students in the future +HJu-5s_VrkY-00133-00114176-00114864 because the supplemental support is dependent on the advisor already having an existing +HJu-5s_VrkY-00134-00114864-00116080 an award. So they can't anticipate if the next one will come or if the length of an award +HJu-5s_VrkY-00135-00116080-00116711 which could be two or three or four years is long enough to support that student with a disability. +HJu-5s_VrkY-00136-00116824-00117480 We find that most students with disabilities do need extra time in their programs +HJu-5s_VrkY-00137-00117568-00118656 doing research and that also can be a problem with their success. These extrinsic factors, such as +HJu-5s_VrkY-00138-00118752-00119568 working with a professor that is non-tenured, means that the professor has to come up with +HJu-5s_VrkY-00139-00119776-00119968 funding they may not have, +HJu-5s_VrkY-00140-00120200-00120800 yet putting out a lot of publications in a quick time frame. +HJu-5s_VrkY-00141-00121032-00122152 So simply having a tenured advisor with consistent funding and having a lab with other staff and +HJu-5s_VrkY-00142-00122152-00122776 students to support the student with disability can dramatically increase their success. +HJu-5s_VrkY-00143-00122944-00123776 So how do we include these factors that are really important to overall +HJu-5s_VrkY-00144-00123776-00124080 inclusion of students with disabilities in STEM? +HJu-5s_VrkY-00145-00124688-00125192 Since the pandemic we have found a +HJu-5s_VrkY-00146-00125464-00126183 renewed interest in providing virtual training using virtual reality. +HJu-5s_VrkY-00147-00126416-00126568 We also looked at this. +HJu-5s_VrkY-00148-00126808-00127208 And on the left you see a video +HJu-5s_VrkY-00149-00127356-00128368 Of someone using a typical VR headset, and on the right, an exact replica of the wet lab I was +HJu-5s_VrkY-00150-00128368-00129272 just discussing previously. But in this case they are able to perform a lab task that is annotated +HJu-5s_VrkY-00151-00129335-00130200 and given views take this specimen there and this allows them to understand the lab procedure +HJu-5s_VrkY-00152-00130264-00131240 prior to going or visiting the lab. Also it shows here a wheelchair navigating within that work +HJu-5s_VrkY-00153-00131240-00132192 triangle of the fume hood and lamb bench and sink and so it allows them to see what are the space +HJu-5s_VrkY-00154-00132448-00133360 restrictions they may face. The importance of this is that too often when you +HJu-5s_VrkY-00155-00133584-00134184 go into a lab you're faced with: how do I get accommodated? How do I know I’m not +HJu-5s_VrkY-00156-00134184-00134776 going to hit something? Break something?And they cannot focus on really the science +HJu-5s_VrkY-00157-00134776-00135376 of what they're supposed to be doing in that lab, so VR gives them that preparation. +HJu-5s_VrkY-00158-00135568-00136648 Another benefit of 3Dmodeling is that it can also allow other people without disabilities +HJu-5s_VrkY-00159-00136648-00137488 to get a perspective of what someone with a disability is viewing in the lab. In the +HJu-5s_VrkY-00160-00137488-00138096 left hand top left is a picture showing a wheelchair user at a lab bench. +HJu-5s_VrkY-00161-00138464-00139624 Wheelchair users are faced with the inability to laterally move side to side, so if something +HJu-5s_VrkY-00162-00139624-00140184 is on the lab bench that is beyond the reach they have to back up the wheelchair, pivot, +HJu-5s_VrkY-00163-00140248-00141200 reposition the wheelchair.Doing that several times can be very inefficient and tiresome. +HJu-5s_VrkY-00164-00141448-00142080 Likewise there's another picture that shows a tunnel vision view of someone with visual +HJu-5s_VrkY-00165-00142080-00142808 impairments and what they see in the lab, scanning the lab. Seeing all the different areas +HJu-5s_VrkY-00166-00142864-00143632 is very difficult for ; although they can focus on one area, anything outside their field of view +HJu-5s_VrkY-00167-00143800-00144384 they cannot see. So when they're doing a lab task they may be able to +HJu-5s_VrkY-00168-00144576-00145520 use their vision, but getting objects that are outside their field of view they rely +HJu-5s_VrkY-00169-00145624-00146264 on the fact that some objects are going to be where they put them, +HJu-5s_VrkY-00170-00146400-00146968 that they're not going to move, that they're not going to change, so they can focus on the lab +HJu-5s_VrkY-00171-00146968-00147608 procedure while reaching for the different objects they need to form to perform that lab task. +HJu-5s_VrkY-00172-00147864-00148584 Last I just want to mention that we also incorporated ergonomic analysis +HJu-5s_VrkY-00173-00148704-00149632 in this 3D simulation so that even though something is accessible, perhaps using ADA +HJu-5s_VrkY-00174-00149632-00150848 guidelines, if someone is at the 95th percentile they also face issues of musculoskeletal strain +HJu-5s_VrkY-00175-00151072-00152080 especially doing repetitive motions such as pipetting that is very common in lab environments. +HJu-5s_VrkY-00176-00152192-00152424 So that is something to consider: even though +HJu-5s_VrkY-00177-00152512-00152928 something is accessible, it's not going to be accessible to every single +HJu-5s_VrkY-00178-00152928-00153668 person with a disability; whereas height adjustable lab benches really benefit everyone. +HJu-5s_VrkY-00179-00154056-00154848 So let me just conclude that STEM does need all of us. +HJu-5s_VrkY-00180-00155072-00156080 But I don't see it as simply as an issue of wasted resources, of not using people with disabilities, +HJu-5s_VrkY-00181-00156232-00157048 or equity of not having deserved a place that's +HJu-5s_VrkY-00182-00157408-00158424 important but it's also a missed opportunity not to engage people with disabilities in STEM +HJu-5s_VrkY-00183-00158424-00159168 because they have unique perspectives that they can offer. People with disabilities have a special +HJu-5s_VrkY-00184-00159168-00160112 insight in medical conditions and health care that those without disabilities frequently don't have. +HJu-5s_VrkY-00185-00160344-00161256 Likewise currently how we interact with technology and view the world is very visually-centric +HJu-5s_VrkY-00186-00161328-00162336 and relies upon manual manipulation. People with disabilities can view and interact with +HJu-5s_VrkY-00187-00162336-00163344 the world on a very different level which affords us great possibilities in research in the future. +HJu-5s_VrkY-00188-00163736-00164752 So thank you for this opportunity to share what we found. I’m very grateful to the National Academies +HJu-5s_VrkY-00189-00164752-00165040 of Sciences, Engineering and Medicine +HJu-5s_VrkY-00190-00165104-00165736 for this opportunity. I provide some contact information. Feel free to reach out to me +HJu-5s_VrkY-00191-00165832-00166784 and I look forward to furthering this conversation during the series. Thank you. +HJQ6p7ZKb90-00000-00000000-00000528 the golden jackal the golden Jackal is a wolf-like Canada that is native to Southeast Europe +HJQ6p7ZKb90-00001-00000528-00001212 Southwest Asia South Asia and regions of Southeast Asia compared with the Arabian wolf which is the +HJQ6p7ZKb90-00002-00001212-00001722 smallest of the gray wolves The Jackal is smaller and possesses shorter legs a shorter tail a more +HJQ6p7ZKb90-00003-00001722-00002232 elongated torso a less prominent forehead and a narrower and more pointed muzzle the golden +HJQ6p7ZKb90-00004-00002232-00002766 jackals coat can vary in color from a pale creamy yellow in summer to a dark Tawny Beijing winter +HJQ6p7ZKb90-00005-00002844-00003378 it is listed as least concern on the iucn Red List due to its widespread distribution and +HJQ6p7ZKb90-00006-00003378-00003942 high density in areas with plenty of available food and Optimum shelter golden jackals are +HJQ6p7ZKb90-00007-00003942-00004542 abundant in valleys and beside rivers and their tributaries canals lakes and seashores they are +HJQ6p7ZKb90-00008-00004542-00005136 rare in Foothills and low mountains the golden Jackal is a social species the basic social unit +HJQ6p7ZKb90-00009-00005136-00005676 of which consists of a breeding pear and any young offspring it is very adaptable with the ability +HJQ6p7ZKb90-00010-00005676-00006306 to exploit food ranging from fruit and insects to small ungulates they will attack domestic fowl and +HJQ6p7ZKb90-00011-00006306-00006888 domestic mammals up to the size of domestic water buffalo calves the jackals competitors are the red +HJQ6p7ZKb90-00012-00006888-00007548 fox wolf jungle Cat Wildcat in the Caucasus the raccoon and in Central Asia the Asiatic Wildcat +HJQ6p7ZKb90-00013-00007548-00008045 The Jackal is expanding Beyond its native grounds in southeast Europe into Central and Northeast +HJQ6p7ZKb90-00014-00008045-00008724 Europe occupying areas where there are few or no wolves description the golden Jackal is similar +HJQ6p7ZKb90-00015-00008724-00009228 to the gray wolf but is distinguished by its smaller size lighter weight more elongated torso +HJQ6p7ZKb90-00016-00009228-00009726 less prominent forehead shorter legs and tail and a muzzle that is narrower and more pointed +HJQ6p7ZKb90-00017-00009726-00010152 the legs are long in relation to its body and the feet are slender with small pads +HJQ6p7ZKb90-00018-00010206-00011064 males measure 71 to 85 centimeters in body length and females 69 to 73 centimeters males weigh 6 to +HJQ6p7ZKb90-00019-00011064-00011760 14 kilograms and females weigh 711 kilogram the shoulder height is 45 to 50 centimeters for both +HJQ6p7ZKb90-00020-00011826-00012324 in comparison the smallest wolf is the Arabian wolf which weighs on average 20 kilogram +HJQ6p7ZKb90-00021-00012390-00012852 the skull is most liked out of the dingo and is closer to that of the coyote and the gray wolf +HJQ6p7ZKb90-00022-00012852-00013446 into that of the black back Jackal the side stripe Jackal and the Ethiopian wolf compared with the +HJQ6p7ZKb90-00023-00013446-00013962 wolf the skull of the golden Jackal is smaller and less massive with a lower nasal region and shorter +HJQ6p7ZKb90-00024-00013962-00014400 facial region the projections of the skull are prominent but weaker than those of the wolf the +HJQ6p7ZKb90-00025-00014400-00014904 canine teeth are large and strong but relatively thinner and its carnass your teeth are weaker +HJQ6p7ZKb90-00026-00014904-00015402 the golden Jackal is a less specialized species than the gray wolf and these skull features +HJQ6p7ZKb90-00027-00015402-00015996 relate to the jackal's diet of small birds rodents small vertebrates insects carrion fruit and some +HJQ6p7ZKb90-00028-00015996-00016554 vegetable matter occasionally the golden Jackal develops a horny growth on the skull referred to +HJQ6p7ZKb90-00029-00016554-00017088 as a jackal's horn which usually measures 1.3 centimeters in length and is concealed by fur +HJQ6p7ZKb90-00030-00017142-00017736 this feature was once associated with magical powers by the people of Sri Lanka the jackal's +HJQ6p7ZKb90-00031-00017736-00018252 fur is coarse and relatively short with the base color golden varying seasonally from a pale creamy +HJQ6p7ZKb90-00032-00018252-00018822 yellow to a dark Tawny the fur on the back is composed of a mixture of black brown and white +HJQ6p7ZKb90-00033-00018822-00019326 hairs sometimes giving the appearance of the dark saddle like that's seen on the black back jackal +HJQ6p7ZKb90-00034-00019326-00019890 the under parts are a light pale ginger to cream color individual specimens can be distinguished +HJQ6p7ZKb90-00035-00019890-00020424 by their unique light markings on the throat and chest the coats of jackals from high elevations +HJQ6p7ZKb90-00036-00020424-00020868 tend to be more buff colored than those of their lowland counterparts while those of jackals in +HJQ6p7ZKb90-00037-00020868-00021564 Rocky mountainous areas May exhibit a grayer shade the bushy tail has a tan to black tip melanism +HJQ6p7ZKb90-00038-00021564-00022044 can cause a dark colored coat in some golden jackals a coloring once fairly common in Bengal +HJQ6p7ZKb90-00039-00022098-00022614 unlike melanistic wolves and coyotes that received their dark pigmentation from interbreeding with +HJQ6p7ZKb90-00040-00022614-00023136 domestic dogs melanism in Golden jackals probably stems from an independent mutation that could be +HJQ6p7ZKb90-00041-00023136-00023712 an Adaptive trait thanks for watching if you enjoyed the video please like And subscribe +HK4izQGKQNU-00000-00000014-00000286 You have just installed Arch Linux and wonder what to do next. +HK4izQGKQNU-00001-00000300-00000720 I am going to share with you my 10 things to do first after installing Arch Linux. +HK4izQGKQNU-00002-00001360-00001446 Hello everyone! +HK4izQGKQNU-00003-00001464-00001603 It’s Average Linux User. +HK4izQGKQNU-00004-00001604-00001986 And the first thing I recommend is to Install a Long Term Support Kernel. +HK4izQGKQNU-00005-00002050-00002241 Check your current kernel. +HK4izQGKQNU-00006-00002242-00002438 Then install an LTS kernel +HK4izQGKQNU-00007-00002438-00002634 and reconfigure grub. +HK4izQGKQNU-00008-00002634-00002844 You can find all the commands in the description. +HK4izQGKQNU-00009-00002896-00003118 You may also install linux-lts-headers. +HK4izQGKQNU-00010-00003136-00003422 It is required for some applications like VirtualBox. +HK4izQGKQNU-00011-00003476-00003815 Reboot and check which kernel is in use with uname -r. +HK4izQGKQNU-00012-00003854-00004162 If everything is fine and your active kernel is an LTS kernel. +HK4izQGKQNU-00013-00004162-00004364 Feel free to remove non-lts kernel. +HK4izQGKQNU-00014-00004364-00004710 Type sudo pacman -Rs linux. +HK4izQGKQNU-00015-00004758-00004984 The second step - Install Microcode. +HK4izQGKQNU-00016-00005006-00005326 Microcode is some kind of software installed on your processor. +HK4izQGKQNU-00017-00005358-00005588 While microcode can be updated through the BIOS, +HK4izQGKQNU-00018-00005588-00005788 the Linux kernel is also able to apply +HK4izQGKQNU-00019-00005796-00005954 these updates during boot. +HK4izQGKQNU-00020-00005954-00006122 These updates provide bug fixes +HK4izQGKQNU-00021-00006122-00006380 that can be critical to the stability of your system. +HK4izQGKQNU-00022-00006412-00006622 For intel processors with grub boot loader +HK4izQGKQNU-00023-00006622-00006795 install intel-ucode +HK4izQGKQNU-00024-00006798-00006992 and update grub config file. +HK4izQGKQNU-00025-00007036-00007344 For AMD processors install linux-firmware package. +HK4izQGKQNU-00026-00007418-00007592 Third - Disable GRUB delay +HK4izQGKQNU-00027-00007606-00007914 You see this GRUB menu every-time you start the system. +HK4izQGKQNU-00028-00007923-00008200 Let’s make the system skip it and load as fast as possible. +HK4izQGKQNU-00029-00008200-00008604 Add the following lines to the file /etc/defult/grub. +HK4izQGKQNU-00030-00008638-00009062 Then put file 31_hold_shift to /etc/grub.d/. +HK4izQGKQNU-00031-00009066-00009252 The file is in the description. +HK4izQGKQNU-00032-00009256-00009656 Make it executable, and regenerate the grub configuration. +HK4izQGKQNU-00033-00009656-00009862 This won't show GRUB menu during the system load. +HK4izQGKQNU-00034-00009862-00010267 To show GRUB menu, you need to hold the Shift key during the start-up. +HK4izQGKQNU-00035-00010267-00010495 The fourth step is to Install Some Key Packages. +HK4izQGKQNU-00036-00010495-00010965 Here, I recommend only cross-desktop packages such as fonts, spell checking dictionaries, +HK4izQGKQNU-00037-00010965-00011135 Gstreamer plugins, java. +HK4izQGKQNU-00038-00011135-00011338 I list them all in the description. +HK4izQGKQNU-00039-00011338-00011842 I will do a separate video about the applications I install in KDE Plasma 5 desktop. +HK4izQGKQNU-00040-00011982-00012206 The fifth step is Set Up Firewall +HK4izQGKQNU-00041-00012206-00012606 The best way to set up a firewall on Linux is to use iptables. +HK4izQGKQNU-00042-00012606-00012865 But it is quite complicated and deserves a separate video. +HK4izQGKQNU-00043-00012866-00013222 Here, I will show you how to set up an uncomplicated firewall +HK4izQGKQNU-00044-00013222-00013422 which is fine for a regular user. +HK4izQGKQNU-00045-00013454-00013612 Install ufw. +HK4izQGKQNU-00046-00013612-00013760 Enable it. +HK4izQGKQNU-00047-00013806-00013986 Check its status. +HK4izQGKQNU-00048-00013986-00014436 The rules to deny incoming and allow outgoing are good for most of the users. +HK4izQGKQNU-00049-00014462-00014786 Finally, enable the start-up of this firewall with the system. +HK4izQGKQNU-00050-00014806-00014872 Reboot +HK4izQGKQNU-00051-00014872-00015058 and check the status again. +HK4izQGKQNU-00052-00015058-00015197 It should be active. +HK4izQGKQNU-00053-00015260-00015556 The sixth thing is to Encrypt Your Home Directory. +HK4izQGKQNU-00054-00015576-00015841 It is wise to make a back up of all your data before this step. +HK4izQGKQNU-00055-00015876-00016097 The simplest way to encrypt your home directory +HK4izQGKQNU-00056-00016102-00016362 is to use the ecryptfs-migrate-home script. +HK4izQGKQNU-00057-00016422-00016559 To run it, you need to logged out. +HK4izQGKQNU-00058-00016559-00016890 Switch to a virtual console with Ctrl+Alt+F2. +HK4izQGKQNU-00059-00016908-00017046 Login as a root +HK4izQGKQNU-00060-00017064-00017298 and check that your user owns no processes. +HK4izQGKQNU-00061-00017310-00017632 Run ps -U username. +HK4izQGKQNU-00062-00017632-00017806 There should be no output. +HK4izQGKQNU-00063-00017806-00018016 If some processes are active you can kill them +HK4izQGKQNU-00064-00018016-00018220 or reboot and login as a root. +HK4izQGKQNU-00065-00018288-00018520 Install the necessary applications. +HK4izQGKQNU-00066-00018520-00018693 Then encrypt your home directory. +HK4izQGKQNU-00067-00018693-00018964 Run modprobe ecryptfs. +HK4izQGKQNU-00068-00018964-00019415 And then run ecryptfs-migrate-home -u username. +HK4izQGKQNU-00069-00019415-00019715 Use the same passphrase as your login password. +HK4izQGKQNU-00070-00019716-00019936 It is required for auto-mounting. +HK4izQGKQNU-00071-00020034-00020136 Log out +HK4izQGKQNU-00072-00020136-00020356 and log in as a regular user. +HK4izQGKQNU-00073-00020378-00020522 Mount your encrypted home +HK4izQGKQNU-00074-00020522-00020756 with ecryptfs-mount-private. +HK4izQGKQNU-00075-00020816-00020922 Unwrap the passphrase +HK4izQGKQNU-00076-00020922-00021222 and save it somewhere where only you can access it. +HK4izQGKQNU-00077-00021306-00021594 Then run ls .ecryptfs +HK4izQGKQNU-00078-00021610-00022044 and make sure auto-mount, auto-umount and wrapped-passphrase exist. +HK4izQGKQNU-00079-00022094-00022314 Then open system-auth file +HK4izQGKQNU-00080-00022338-00022598 and edit it as shown in this video. +HK4izQGKQNU-00081-00024726-00024786 Reboot +HK4izQGKQNU-00082-00024794-00025010 and make sure that you can login to your desktop. +HK4izQGKQNU-00083-00025012-00025268 Now is safe to remove the backup of your home +HK4izQGKQNU-00084-00025268-00025480 which was created during the migration +HK4izQGKQNU-00085-00025494-00025798 and named with your username and some random characters. +HK4izQGKQNU-00086-00025864-00026300 The next four steps can be classified as post-installation and post-configuration. +HK4izQGKQNU-00087-00026336-00026568 So, the seventh - Remove Orphans. +HK4izQGKQNU-00088-00026604-00026836 Remove unused packages, also known as orphans, +HK4izQGKQNU-00089-00026836-00027042 and their configuration files. +HK4izQGKQNU-00090-00027058-00027312 So, run this command. +HK4izQGKQNU-00091-00027312-00027614 As you can see I have no unused packages on this system. +HK4izQGKQNU-00092-00027614-00027788 But you might have. +HK4izQGKQNU-00093-00027788-00028153 Eighth - Optimize Pacman's Database Access Speed. +HK4izQGKQNU-00094-00028153-00028394 Run sudo pacman-optimize. +HK4izQGKQNU-00095-00028394-00028595 This will speed-up your pacman. +HK4izQGKQNU-00096-00028595-00028772 Nineths - Check for Errors. +HK4izQGKQNU-00097-00028798-00029083 First, check for failed systemd services. +HK4izQGKQNU-00098-00029106-00029372 Second, check for errors in logfiles. +HK4izQGKQNU-00099-00029418-00029612 If you experience some errors, google them. +HK4izQGKQNU-00100-00029612-00029863 If they are serious and try to fix them. +HK4izQGKQNU-00101-00029864-00030252 The errors you see on my system are not very dangerous as far as I know. +HK4izQGKQNU-00102-00030300-00030500 And the last step is to Back-up the System. +HK4izQGKQNU-00103-00030520-00030750 I have only the root partition on my system, +HK4izQGKQNU-00104-00030770-00031127 so I backup everything except some unnecessary directories. +HK4izQGKQNU-00105-00031127-00031400 You can find this command in the description. +HK4izQGKQNU-00106-00031400-00031593 I hope this video was helpful for you. +HK4izQGKQNU-00107-00031593-00031881 Please, SUBSCRIBE if you want to watch more Linux videos. +HK4izQGKQNU-00108-00031881-00032042 Thanks for watching. +HKYt_AwTTj4-00000-00000704-00001256 It can be challenging but it can be so rewarding and +HKYt_AwTTj4-00001-00001256-00002016 from conversations with stakeholders and with families, I feel that they feel that the same way. +HKYt_AwTTj4-00002-00002016-00002680 Especially in the populations that I work with, where they have +HKYt_AwTTj4-00003-00002680-00003369 often justifiable reasons to not wanting to be in research. Not only just time commitments +HKYt_AwTTj4-00004-00003369-00004064 and burden, but our as communities have not been treated as well as we would like in the past +HKYt_AwTTj4-00005-00004064-00004944 when involved in research. When somebody comes in and then not only is happy to be +HKYt_AwTTj4-00006-00004944-00005496 part of your research and then wants to tell other people to be part of the research +HKYt_AwTTj4-00007-00005496-00006152 too, that then is a feeling that isjust fantastic. +HKYt_AwTTj4-00008-00006152-00006720 It really changes the way you think about research that you can now not only +HKYt_AwTTj4-00009-00006720-00007218 understand from this family, but they're really then changing the way they think about what +HKYt_AwTTj4-00010-00007218-00007895 our goal is and what our role is. Because I see our role as a facilitator for the family +HKYt_AwTTj4-00011-00007895-00008668 in the research that we do. It shouldn't be siloed away as something that's separate. +HLnU8qFRTlk-00000-00000032-00001072 welcome dear friends dear colleagues dear ciphers dear academia and researchers to can you hear +HLnU8qFRTlk-00001-00001168-00001936 can you hear me yes welcome first of all thank you so much for this opportunity opportunity to +HLnU8qFRTlk-00002-00001936-00002792 get me this live session we are very happy to meet you so i'm i'm from india mumbai +HLnU8qFRTlk-00003-00002864-00003560 wow so nice so we are beginning now the webinar introduction to my time coaching +HLnU8qFRTlk-00004-00003560-00004264 three pillars for well-being on and offshore and i introduce you my colleagues miss alexandra bodito +HLnU8qFRTlk-00005-00004344-00004968 she will tell you some words about her i am christina dragomir i am associate professor +HLnU8qFRTlk-00006-00004968-00005656 at constance american university and uh thirdly is miss alexandra chicano that you will soon +HLnU8qFRTlk-00007-00005936-00006640 dear alexandra what can you tell us about you which one very good +HLnU8qFRTlk-00008-00006928-00007648 let me just stop this share and uh leave you to introduce yourself +HLnU8qFRTlk-00009-00007823-00009128 okay let me pin the video okay hello alexandra hello and uh hello everyone thank you so much for +HLnU8qFRTlk-00010-00009128-00009736 being here on a saturday and um i'm really excited to to be here with you and to share +HLnU8qFRTlk-00011-00009736-00010552 a little bit about coaching and personal and professional development i myself am a writing +HLnU8qFRTlk-00012-00010552-00011432 and self-esteem coach and also a storytelling and creativity expert i have been coaching a lot +HLnU8qFRTlk-00013-00011432-00012344 mostly with women because it's my passion to help women to be a part of all the industries and to +HLnU8qFRTlk-00014-00012344-00013056 have a voice i'm also the director of a global woman community which is called global women club +HLnU8qFRTlk-00015-00013056-00014040 and i'm the director of the regional club here in bucharest and i love writing i love everything +HLnU8qFRTlk-00016-00014040-00014656 that has to do with the power of expressive writing journaling as well as creative writing +HLnU8qFRTlk-00017-00014656-00015304 storytelling and you will see that their writing is also a very powerful tool that we are going to +HLnU8qFRTlk-00018-00015368-00016040 use in some of the exercises today so i invite you to please have next to you a pen and a piece +HLnU8qFRTlk-00019-00016040-00016656 of paper because we're going to do a little bit of writing so um welcome to today's webinar and +HLnU8qFRTlk-00020-00016656-00017312 i'm looking forward to connecting with you thank you very much alexandra now let's meet +HLnU8qFRTlk-00021-00017312-00018304 the the other alexandra miss alexandra let me just pin uh your screen okay you should know +HLnU8qFRTlk-00022-00018304-00018936 that uh miss alexandra chicano is already on the vessel she's in singapore alexandra hello +HLnU8qFRTlk-00023-00019136-00019712 good evening everyone i i hope you you understand me i hope my internet works properly +HLnU8qFRTlk-00024-00019712-00020400 as i am in singapore now in the opal anchorage well as from my side um i started this maritime +HLnU8qFRTlk-00025-00020400-00020904 career in 2015 when i joined first time in the ship but actually the journey started before +HLnU8qFRTlk-00026-00020904-00021712 this it started with the naval academy in 2013 and as soon as i have stepped on board a ship +HLnU8qFRTlk-00027-00021712-00022376 and i understood what kind of power this gives to a woman i couldn't quit so i became an officer +HLnU8qFRTlk-00028-00022376-00023064 now i'm working in a company that is so much woman friendly and i like to see women empowered now on +HLnU8qFRTlk-00029-00023064-00023648 the bridge team we are three girls three amazing females which give a little bit of salt and pepper +HLnU8qFRTlk-00030-00023728-00024408 to the team and it's quite amazing to see that this kind of webinars are happening because when +HLnU8qFRTlk-00031-00024408-00024928 i started my career these kind of events were happening only in the west part of the world +HLnU8qFRTlk-00032-00024984-00025648 the west europe usa and to be honest i didn't have the required english to understand what +HLnU8qFRTlk-00033-00025648-00026200 those people were saying so take this webinar as a big opportunity to learn something new +HLnU8qFRTlk-00034-00026200-00026983 about how to mindful yourself about how to coach yourself and how to self develop as for me now +HLnU8qFRTlk-00035-00026983-00027616 i love to read a lot of self development books and not just this and of course i love this job +HLnU8qFRTlk-00036-00027680-00028248 being on board and it is so nice to see that we have so many people around us who want to +HLnU8qFRTlk-00037-00028327-00029016 to build themselves in a good way in the correct way that's great thank you very much +HLnU8qFRTlk-00038-00029016-00030192 also alexandra and let's see now our first part our introductory part i will share screen again +HLnU8qFRTlk-00039-00030192-00031104 the presentation and i will begin with the theory part we need some theory to start this webinar so +HLnU8qFRTlk-00040-00031488-00032295 about me uh i in short so i just told you before i am associate professor at constanza +HLnU8qFRTlk-00041-00032295-00033168 maritime university and i have a scientific expertise in maritime gender leadership +HLnU8qFRTlk-00042-00033224-00034112 management also transport technologies and in order to better understand the way i started +HLnU8qFRTlk-00043-00034112-00034768 the research on gender and leadership i will tell you just a few things about a previous +HLnU8qFRTlk-00044-00034768-00035352 project where i was the leader and the project was called gender equality and cultural awareness in +HLnU8qFRTlk-00045-00035352-00036080 my time education and training g comet and the this session is live broadcasting on facebook +HLnU8qFRTlk-00046-00036080-00036904 g comet why this project this research project was important because it was founded by grand +HLnU8qFRTlk-00047-00036904-00037424 academic grant by the international association of martin universities and the naipan foundation +HLnU8qFRTlk-00048-00037480-00038240 and i had this incredible amazing team of researchers in total we were 10 researchers from +HLnU8qFRTlk-00049-00038240-00038952 universities joining the international association of martian universities and they were coming from +HLnU8qFRTlk-00050-00038952-00039848 nine countries and four continents and they helped me a lot to uh better understand the issues of uh +HLnU8qFRTlk-00051-00039848-00040432 maritime women and not only these to understand better cultural awareness and leadership +HLnU8qFRTlk-00052-00040504-00041392 therefore i will make uh the introduction based on their own expertise that help me also to gain +HLnU8qFRTlk-00053-00041392-00042264 knowledge more knowledge in this domain for start in my time transport there are three categories +HLnU8qFRTlk-00054-00042360-00043120 of important persons those are leaders managers and coaches and there are some distinct +HLnU8qFRTlk-00055-00043120-00043752 differences between them but what is more important is that they are complementary entities +HLnU8qFRTlk-00056-00043824-00044512 they are dis distinguished by their motivation by the way they think and by the way they act +HLnU8qFRTlk-00057-00044576-00045240 compared to showcases which might be familiar to those that are not doing stiffering +HLnU8qFRTlk-00058-00045336-00045936 onboard ship managers run organizational techniques that are adapted to the particularities +HLnU8qFRTlk-00059-00045936-00046680 of shipping and from this point we should discuss which are those particularities of shipping +HLnU8qFRTlk-00060-00046816-00047496 there is so much to talk about but i will synthetize in only this this um +HLnU8qFRTlk-00061-00047560-00048568 affirmation shipping and working on board vessel means working inside a closed environment some +HLnU8qFRTlk-00062-00048568-00049368 researchers say the ship can be compared to a total institution an institution where you face +HLnU8qFRTlk-00063-00049368-00050200 the same persons for a long period of time an institution where your family is somewhere beyond +HLnU8qFRTlk-00064-00050200-00050920 beyond somewhere onshore and you have to do your job on board vessel the master is the manager +HLnU8qFRTlk-00065-00050920-00051512 with the formal role of planning organizing all the five functions of the management including +HLnU8qFRTlk-00066-00051512-00052296 coordination and motivation and evaluation in the case of engine deck the equivalent for the master +HLnU8qFRTlk-00067-00052296-00053112 is the position of the chief engineer based on studies of other researchers it was found that +HLnU8qFRTlk-00068-00053191-00053912 on certain vessels it is not the master or the chief engineer that holds the position of leader +HLnU8qFRTlk-00069-00053976-00054488 instead of the such situation some persons with very strong personalities +HLnU8qFRTlk-00070-00054591-00055255 are perceived as informal leaders and i prepared for you a table +HLnU8qFRTlk-00071-00055344-00055967 to better understand what is the difference between leadership and coaching i search for +HLnU8qFRTlk-00072-00055967-00056608 some analysis criteria and i mentioned some of them and from the point of view of the scope +HLnU8qFRTlk-00073-00056608-00057240 there are distinct facts between leadership and coaching first of all the leader has the +HLnU8qFRTlk-00074-00057240-00058048 motivation and is effectively conveying team objectives in fact leadership and coaching are +HLnU8qFRTlk-00075-00058048-00058832 very different activities leadership for example is about effectively conveying teams objectives +HLnU8qFRTlk-00076-00058832-00059616 motivating them moving them in a specific direction he also managed complex situation +HLnU8qFRTlk-00077-00059712-00060432 a leader usually has the power to make decisions that directly influence the outcome of his team +HLnU8qFRTlk-00078-00060567-00061544 a leader operates on a less personal level level usually we can select our coach but we cannot +HLnU8qFRTlk-00079-00061544-00062224 select our leader it is usually the other way around leaders set the tone of the organization +HLnU8qFRTlk-00080-00062279-00062816 they know how things will go they create the vision and inspire teams toward the vision +HLnU8qFRTlk-00081-00062888-00063504 leaders are only successful if they get results and they get those results through people +HLnU8qFRTlk-00082-00063584-00064312 leaders have the authority to require results from people by performance plans while +HLnU8qFRTlk-00083-00064312-00065152 coaching is related to the accompaniment of people in a coaching process we do not lead we do not +HLnU8qFRTlk-00084-00065152-00066032 guide and neither we decide what the team or the coachee either individual or by group has to do +HLnU8qFRTlk-00085-00066032-00066728 but rather the coach will accompany the person so that they become aware of their skills and +HLnU8qFRTlk-00086-00066728-00067584 abilities by themselves the coaches will achieve the goal set or find the growth they want so +HLnU8qFRTlk-00087-00067584-00068328 in this case the result depends 100 percent on the coaching a coach takes a personal approach +HLnU8qFRTlk-00088-00068328-00068808 and applies a method of listening clarifying and prompting intentional thought +HLnU8qFRTlk-00089-00069096-00069664 the coach promotes action and behavior changes the part the push the coach beyond perceived +HLnU8qFRTlk-00090-00069664-00070320 limitation it is understood that the coachee cannot see his or her own genius and the coach +HLnU8qFRTlk-00091-00070320-00070968 can and proceeds to tease that genius out from behind the curtain coaches create a picture or +HLnU8qFRTlk-00092-00070968-00071640 ideal for the coachee to live however however we find that better leadership can be built +HLnU8qFRTlk-00093-00071640-00072168 based on these tools and stages which requires a relocation of responsibilities and involvement +HLnU8qFRTlk-00094-00072352-00073152 we draw some conclusions based on this comparison that both leader and coach promote action but a +HLnU8qFRTlk-00095-00073152-00073816 different level leader promotes action at the organizational level while coach promotes action +HLnU8qFRTlk-00096-00073816-00074552 at the behavior level of the individual a second conclusion is that in a coaching process the coach +HLnU8qFRTlk-00097-00074552-00075312 does not lead guide or decide what the team or coachee has to do the coach only accompanies +HLnU8qFRTlk-00098-00075312-00076056 the person so the other person the individual becomes aware of all skills and abilities and +HLnU8qFRTlk-00099-00076056-00077016 from these conclusions we have further questions to discuss but we just state these questions and +HLnU8qFRTlk-00100-00077016-00077856 hopefully by the end of this webinar we will be able to find some insight so to establish +HLnU8qFRTlk-00101-00077856-00078976 your own goals what is your balance between happiness and responsibilities and also when +HLnU8qFRTlk-00102-00078976-00079624 the follower of the leader is empowered the leader has the capability to become a coach +HLnU8qFRTlk-00103-00079840-00080680 so this would be my first part for the webinar and i'm inviting now alexandra bradica +HLnU8qFRTlk-00104-00080680-00081384 to keep on thank you so much christina and uh thank you for the introduction +HLnU8qFRTlk-00105-00081496-00082152 those are really good points and it brings a lot of insights around leadership and coaching +HLnU8qFRTlk-00106-00082152-00083160 and this will bring us to the part where we look at the pillars that we identified in terms of +HLnU8qFRTlk-00107-00083160-00083968 well-being how to create that well-being and as part of coaching a coach wants to empower +HLnU8qFRTlk-00108-00083968-00084680 their coaches to have that strength and that well-being both in their personal level and +HLnU8qFRTlk-00109-00084680-00085592 also as a team and in their workplace so based on the needs that we identified uh especially +HLnU8qFRTlk-00110-00085592-00086360 in the maritime industry we wanted to bring the bases and the foundations for three main topics +HLnU8qFRTlk-00111-00086528-00087280 and the first one which relates also to one of the questions that christina mentioned in the +HLnU8qFRTlk-00112-00087280-00087984 conclusion about the balance between our happiness and our growth +HLnU8qFRTlk-00113-00087984-00088664 and that is emotional and mental health we want to address this because it's one of the most +HLnU8qFRTlk-00114-00088664-00089448 powerful topics and one of the best aspects that we want to look at when it comes to our growth +HLnU8qFRTlk-00115-00089448-00090280 our transformation and how we show up in our work and why is mental health important it's +HLnU8qFRTlk-00116-00090352-00091280 the way that we perform in our workplace is related to our uh well-being and how we feel and +HLnU8qFRTlk-00117-00091352-00092104 making sure that we have a good relationship with ourselves will impact the way that we interact +HLnU8qFRTlk-00118-00092104-00092760 with the people around us with our colleagues with um the other crew members whether it's on +HLnU8qFRTlk-00119-00092760-00093696 shore or offshore and one way that we want to do this is through mindfulness so i'm going to +HLnU8qFRTlk-00120-00093840-00094360 talk about some powerful techniques and very easy to implement because +HLnU8qFRTlk-00121-00094360-00094992 i really want you to leave this webinar with some easy to implement uh ways that +HLnU8qFRTlk-00122-00094992-00095640 you can apply right away and that you will use for yourself and maybe also +HLnU8qFRTlk-00123-00095728-00096456 suggest to the people around you so that you will see the results in time mindfulness +HLnU8qFRTlk-00124-00096512-00097240 is one way to boost our emotional health and the way that we want to take care of ourselves +HLnU8qFRTlk-00125-00097312-00098032 what does mindfulness mean it means that we are present it means that we are connected and we +HLnU8qFRTlk-00126-00098032-00098904 are in touch with our senses we focus on what we see with our eyes what we can touch with our +HLnU8qFRTlk-00127-00098992-00099944 hands what we smell what we taste and we what we hear and with all of this we are brought +HLnU8qFRTlk-00128-00099944-00100680 into the present moment we are connected to the reality so how can we bring more mindfulness +HLnU8qFRTlk-00129-00100680-00101528 into our life whether it's at work or outside of work most importantly is to find moments +HLnU8qFRTlk-00130-00101528-00102384 of presence and peace and reconnection and you can do that in different ways for instance when you +HLnU8qFRTlk-00131-00102535-00103000 have a busy day you can just find a couple of minutes to go to a quiet place +HLnU8qFRTlk-00132-00103072-00103616 and just take a few deep breaths and bring yourself back into the moment +HLnU8qFRTlk-00133-00103752-00104352 that is one way to find presence another way would be to connect to your uh sense +HLnU8qFRTlk-00134-00104352-00105064 of taste for instance during your lunch break we tend to have uh multitasking we want to do +HLnU8qFRTlk-00135-00105064-00105888 different other things to talk to our colleagues or maybe to check our phones but instead try to +HLnU8qFRTlk-00136-00105888-00106576 find even if it's just for a couple of minutes try to really focus on the taste of your food +HLnU8qFRTlk-00137-00106576-00107383 that is another way to be mindful these moments of presence and reconnection are actually helpful for +HLnU8qFRTlk-00138-00107383-00108224 our brain because it eases that tension if we constantly go through our day being busy with +HLnU8qFRTlk-00139-00108224-00109056 activities and different tasks our brain is in a constant tension but with moments of presence and +HLnU8qFRTlk-00140-00109056-00110072 mindfulness we relax that tension in our mind and we become more present another way is to implement +HLnU8qFRTlk-00141-00110072-00111144 healthy routines what does that mean it means that we uh implement in our daily parts some moments of +HLnU8qFRTlk-00142-00111144-00111911 self-care for instance in the morning you can have a couple of minutes when you can take a few +HLnU8qFRTlk-00143-00111911-00112704 deep breaths you can choose to meditate or maybe journal maybe do a little bit of physical movement +HLnU8qFRTlk-00144-00112704-00113392 so that you set yourself up for a really good day or you can choose to have a routine in the +HLnU8qFRTlk-00145-00113392-00114152 evening before you go to sleep whether before you go in bed or when you put your head on your pillow +HLnU8qFRTlk-00146-00114224-00114832 maybe find a way to practice gratitude maybe find a way to meditate or to practice breathing +HLnU8qFRTlk-00147-00114904-00115600 these healthy routines will support you in strengthening your mental health because it is +HLnU8qFRTlk-00148-00115600-00116192 just as powerful to take care of our mental health as it is to take care of our physical health +HLnU8qFRTlk-00149-00116272-00116840 and it also boosts our immune system and we all know how important it is +HLnU8qFRTlk-00150-00116840-00117800 to have our immune system working at uh high levels another mindful practice is gratitude +HLnU8qFRTlk-00151-00117800-00118432 you can think about what you're grateful for very many times we are so consumed of +HLnU8qFRTlk-00152-00118496-00119183 of our current realities that we just look at what we're lacking of and the things that we don't have +HLnU8qFRTlk-00153-00119248-00119856 what makes us unsatisfied and unhappy and we focus on those things try to shift that +HLnU8qFRTlk-00154-00119856-00120544 uh thinking and look at what you're grateful for look at the things that are working for you look +HLnU8qFRTlk-00155-00120544-00121432 at for instance how you are feeling good you're healthy and you are grateful for your family you +HLnU8qFRTlk-00156-00121432-00122144 are grateful for even small things like the cup of coffee that you have in the morning or the sound +HLnU8qFRTlk-00157-00122144-00122896 of the waves if you're on the ship find ways to get grateful and thankful for what is around you +HLnU8qFRTlk-00158-00123152-00123768 very many times we get stressed yeah and stress is the biggest enemy that we all face in our +HLnU8qFRTlk-00159-00123768-00124456 day-to-day lives and this is why we want to find ways to also decompress and to reduce that stress +HLnU8qFRTlk-00160-00124559-00125216 and here we have a few techniques that are very easy to implement and that are also very important +HLnU8qFRTlk-00161-00125216-00126032 to bring more into our lives every time when you feel stressed and when you feel that you are more +HLnU8qFRTlk-00162-00126032-00126759 angry or maybe you feel like you get easily triggered by something that happens around you +HLnU8qFRTlk-00163-00126840-00127408 so one way would be to implement some breathing exercises like i was mentioning before it +HLnU8qFRTlk-00164-00127408-00128224 connected to the present moment or you can start writing down about stress and how that makes you +HLnU8qFRTlk-00165-00128224-00129159 feel how does stress feel in your body how does it feel in your mind maybe some body movement because +HLnU8qFRTlk-00166-00129159-00130120 that also boosts our level of happiness and good mood when we uh either do a short workout or even +HLnU8qFRTlk-00167-00130120-00131008 just dancing can help to you know get your body moving and make your energy uh levels go up you +HLnU8qFRTlk-00168-00131008-00131768 can try meditation that is also another very great way to connect within and to reduce stress and to +HLnU8qFRTlk-00169-00131768-00132840 relax your mind you can listen to music that is a very good way and even music therapy is a way that +HLnU8qFRTlk-00170-00132840-00133536 is practiced by very many people to decompress sleep also is very important when we are sleep +HLnU8qFRTlk-00171-00133536-00134400 deprived we don't work at the same capacities and we feel that we are tired we get easily angry and +HLnU8qFRTlk-00172-00134472-00135408 sometimes maybe we react to situations around us with more negativity and that way uh we create +HLnU8qFRTlk-00173-00135408-00136112 that stress not only with our with ourselves but also to the people around us and it's also +HLnU8qFRTlk-00174-00136112-00136832 important to communicate find people to talk to and to implement that listening that we were +HLnU8qFRTlk-00175-00136832-00137520 talking about um in coaching and that christina was mentioning as well and i'm going to also bring +HLnU8qFRTlk-00176-00137520-00138256 it back a little bit later so now i'm going to invite you to do a couple of exercises so that we +HLnU8qFRTlk-00177-00138256-00138992 can test out these stress reducing techniques and that you can later implement them as well in your +HLnU8qFRTlk-00178-00138992-00139664 routines or maybe uh to also take them further to the people around you to your colleagues +HLnU8qFRTlk-00179-00139664-00140400 and your team members alexandra yes don't mind please we have uh two participants that would +HLnU8qFRTlk-00180-00140472-00141184 would like to tell us something uh shall we listen to them and after that we start the exercises +HLnU8qFRTlk-00181-00141184-00141992 yeah sure absolutely we can do that okay so we had a sing shah shank sing you raise the hand +HLnU8qFRTlk-00182-00142208-00142736 yeah yeah here say yes would you like to add or ask something +HLnU8qFRTlk-00183-00142848-00143568 yeah uh i'm here just because of alexandra ma'am uh i got a reference from instagram i'm following +HLnU8qFRTlk-00184-00143624-00144512 uh her uh since i mean uh four three uh three to four months yeah recently i have completed my edu +HLnU8qFRTlk-00185-00144512-00145144 course i am a electrical technical officer and uh almost i have selected uh i have been selected in +HLnU8qFRTlk-00186-00145144-00146040 amers uh but waiting for the joining uh as i'm indian so here corona virus came in march month +HLnU8qFRTlk-00187-00146152-00146712 and cases are increasing day by day so i have been living in the single room +HLnU8qFRTlk-00188-00146712-00147664 i i made myself lock down in the single room so basically for my meditation i do yoga every day in +HLnU8qFRTlk-00189-00147664-00148728 the morning and i drink some ayurvedic tea that is very helpful to make me stable in this situation +HLnU8qFRTlk-00190-00148864-00149520 so uh ma'am uh i would like to know uh how to improve my i mean +HLnU8qFRTlk-00191-00149752-00150208 that i'm going to you know do what do work on board safe in the marks +HLnU8qFRTlk-00192-00150208-00151080 so it would be working for a six month so how can i uh you know survive on board c because +HLnU8qFRTlk-00193-00151080-00151792 i never you know i never been on board so this is the first time for me can you please tell me +HLnU8qFRTlk-00194-00152024-00152976 thank you very much for your question uh seeing uh so alexandra uh there is this uh issue of uh +HLnU8qFRTlk-00195-00153056-00153984 a long time of staying inside with no social connection uh either you can say some thoughts or +HLnU8qFRTlk-00196-00153984-00154680 the other alexandra which one of you yeah from my perspective thank you so much for for the question +HLnU8qFRTlk-00197-00154680-00155408 uh from my perspective in terms of mindfulness and implementing um mindfulness even when you are +HLnU8qFRTlk-00198-00155408-00156224 on board find time for those healthy routines i'm sure that it's going to be different it's +HLnU8qFRTlk-00199-00156224-00156984 not like a nine to five job but even if you have five minutes and do some yoga do some meditation +HLnU8qFRTlk-00200-00157080-00157784 in the morning or maybe at the end of the work day that will bring some balance because i'm sure that +HLnU8qFRTlk-00201-00157872-00158544 there will be times of stress but at the same time it's important to find that connection +HLnU8qFRTlk-00202-00158544-00159200 with ourselves in all situations and you know you brought up lockdown and absolutely we all +HLnU8qFRTlk-00203-00159200-00159912 went through uh that stress of being in lockdown and exactly having those um healthy routines and +HLnU8qFRTlk-00204-00159912-00160576 healthy practices was the way to get through that uh so that would be my uh my insights +HLnU8qFRTlk-00205-00160576-00161184 and i'm sure alexandra will have another um some more insights from uh being on the ship +HLnU8qFRTlk-00206-00161456-00162064 well this is um this is a very good question actually how to survive on board shift six +HLnU8qFRTlk-00207-00162064-00162632 months after you've been in lockdown and so on so basically when you are on board ship your first +HLnU8qFRTlk-00208-00162632-00163464 reward as uh miss baditsa said is the food after you work four hours in the morning lunch will be +HLnU8qFRTlk-00209-00163464-00164256 your best rewards so take your time enjoy it leave it like it's the moment of your life because you +HLnU8qFRTlk-00210-00164256-00164832 will have to work again for hours in the best case maybe you will have to work then who knows +HLnU8qFRTlk-00211-00164832-00165448 and the dinner will be your second reward by the end of the day what i practice is five minutes of +HLnU8qFRTlk-00212-00165448-00166328 meditation i always do this and before going to work i prepare myself exactly as you see me i put +HLnU8qFRTlk-00213-00166328-00166976 myself earrings i put myself my wristwatch so it's kind of a reward for starting the job of course +HLnU8qFRTlk-00214-00166976-00167584 when i do some kind of jobs on deck and i cannot wear them at least i look in the mirror and i'm +HLnU8qFRTlk-00215-00167584-00168240 telling to myself today it's another day we can do it so practice this kind of healthy routines keep +HLnU8qFRTlk-00216-00168240-00168952 yourself positive encourage yourself by yourself of course you can be encouraged by others also +HLnU8qFRTlk-00217-00168952-00169608 by your leaders on board but sometimes people after sitting many months at sea they lose their +HLnU8qFRTlk-00218-00169608-00170224 leadership skills and it's totally understandable but then you have to take the strings so you have +HLnU8qFRTlk-00219-00170224-00170736 to encourage the people maybe you are new and you have more power than the others +HLnU8qFRTlk-00220-00170800-00171520 so just try to practice this kind of small rewards for yourself maybe even buying one small chocolate +HLnU8qFRTlk-00221-00171520-00172120 from the slope chest at the end of the week it might be the best reward ever you received +HLnU8qFRTlk-00222-00172120-00173016 so try to find some small joys um some i don't know some treats some small treats that's that's +HLnU8qFRTlk-00223-00173016-00173688 it and you will survive for sure my biggest contract was several months and i came home +HLnU8qFRTlk-00224-00173688-00174648 with a smile on my face so if i made it as a girl on board among 27 men anybody can make it trust me +HLnU8qFRTlk-00225-00175080-00175728 okay thank you very much alexandra do we have other questions or should we proceed further +HLnU8qFRTlk-00226-00175960-00176856 okay if not let me just uh prepare uh okay alexander we are listening for your exercises +HLnU8qFRTlk-00227-00176968-00177608 thank you yes uh so now we will have some uh very short examples of exercises that you can +HLnU8qFRTlk-00228-00177608-00178416 also practice on board and of off shore as well and hopefully this will help you especially in +HLnU8qFRTlk-00229-00178416-00178992 the moment of tension because these um two exercises that i'm going to introduce you to +HLnU8qFRTlk-00230-00179048-00179624 are simple tools in them that you can use in the moment when you feel stressed or when you +HLnU8qFRTlk-00231-00179624-00180464 feel that uh you have so much going on and you are really overwhelmed just uh take a moment go into a +HLnU8qFRTlk-00232-00180464-00181192 very quiet room or go in the toilet and just close your eyes and we're going to do this now together +HLnU8qFRTlk-00233-00181320-00182096 use your you can use your right hand and place it on your belly on your abdomen so that you can feel +HLnU8qFRTlk-00234-00182096-00182912 the deep breathing and uh you can close your eyes and we're going to do this exercise which is also +HLnU8qFRTlk-00235-00183000-00183672 known as 478 because we're going to breathe in for four counts then we're going to hold +HLnU8qFRTlk-00236-00183672-00184208 the breath for seven counts and we're going to exhale for eight counts and we're going to +HLnU8qFRTlk-00237-00184208-00184880 do this three times and i'm going to count so that you can follow my count and you focus on +HLnU8qFRTlk-00238-00184880-00185816 your breathing and on my voice is that okay okay so with your right hand on your belly first and +HLnU8qFRTlk-00239-00185888-00186464 uncrossing your legs and sitting with your spine straight close your eyes +HLnU8qFRTlk-00240-00186568-00187128 and now we're going to exhale all the air from your lungs +HLnU8qFRTlk-00241-00187392-00188112 yeah making sure that you let go and now we're going to breathe in through your nose +HLnU8qFRTlk-00242-00188112-00189848 four three two one hold it seven six five four three two one and release eight seven six five +HLnU8qFRTlk-00243-00189904-00191264 four three two one and again breathing in through your nose four three two one hold it six five four +HLnU8qFRTlk-00244-00191320-00192760 three two one and release seven six five four three two one and one more time breathing in three +HLnU8qFRTlk-00245-00192816-00193928 two one hold it six five four three two one and release +HLnU8qFRTlk-00246-00194168-00195280 six five four three two one now you can open your eyes shake your hands a little bit maybe +HLnU8qFRTlk-00247-00195384-00195552 move your shoulders a little bit +HLnU8qFRTlk-00248-00195760-00196392 and this is a really good breathing exercise that will decompress your +HLnU8qFRTlk-00249-00196488-00197304 mind and it will release the stress you can if you feel dizzy then it's absolutely normal because +HLnU8qFRTlk-00250-00197304-00197968 with this exercise what we're doing is we're actually bringing more oxygen into our brain and +HLnU8qFRTlk-00251-00197968-00198552 most of the times we don't get to do that which means that when we pay attention to our breathing +HLnU8qFRTlk-00252-00198616-00199352 the oxygen actually makes us feel dizzy so don't worry and also in time when you practice this +HLnU8qFRTlk-00253-00199432-00200184 you will see that that you will start counting slower i now i counted for you +HLnU8qFRTlk-00254-00200184-00200976 in a very um normal pace and when you're going to do this by yourself in time you will +HLnU8qFRTlk-00255-00200976-00201576 start slowing down and it will be for the breathing in it will be four three +HLnU8qFRTlk-00256-00201680-00202632 two one yeah so pay attention how this exercise will help you through time you can do this +HLnU8qFRTlk-00257-00202632-00203464 exercise only with three breaths every time yeah and you can practice it any time that you need +HLnU8qFRTlk-00258-00203464-00203976 there is nothing bad that will happen to you if you practice this breathing exercise +HLnU8qFRTlk-00259-00204200-00204760 and of course please do share in the chat how you feel after this exercise i'm also +HLnU8qFRTlk-00260-00204760-00205680 going to invite you now to do another exercise and for this one uh if you have pen and paper +HLnU8qFRTlk-00261-00205776-00206448 next to you it will be really great but you can also use the chat to write down +HLnU8qFRTlk-00262-00206567-00207208 three things that you are grateful for right now in this moment what are you grateful for +HLnU8qFRTlk-00263-00207296-00207856 you can write them down in your notebook or you can share them with us in the chat +HLnU8qFRTlk-00264-00208216-00208784 just take a couple of minutes and write down three things that you're grateful for +HLnU8qFRTlk-00265-00209008-00209736 i don't know what to write at number three i'm thinking you can be grateful for thank you so +HLnU8qFRTlk-00266-00209736-00210456 much for sharing um uh you can be grateful for big things yeah like you mentioned here life and +HLnU8qFRTlk-00267-00210456-00211271 family and you can be grateful for small things as well such as your internet connection that +HLnU8qFRTlk-00268-00211271-00211944 helps us to be connected you can be grateful for the coffee that you had in the morning you can be +HLnU8qFRTlk-00269-00211944-00212848 grateful for your um children maybe something that your kids told you today you can be grateful for +HLnU8qFRTlk-00270-00212848-00213656 the smallest kind of things or for the big things like health family home work +HLnU8qFRTlk-00271-00214056-00215040 yes do we have a question no okay uh i wanted to also say thank you to maria because +HLnU8qFRTlk-00272-00215040-00215848 um uh she shared with us uh her breathing practice which is also very good four or four to uh do this +HLnU8qFRTlk-00273-00215848-00216400 breathing practice to inhale for four holding for four counts exhaling and holding and that's +HLnU8qFRTlk-00274-00216400-00217040 also a really great practice there are very many breathing practices that we can implement and of +HLnU8qFRTlk-00275-00217040-00217832 course they help us in the moment to reconnect with our with ourselves and it's really um great +HLnU8qFRTlk-00276-00217832-00218432 to find especially the practice that is very much helping us because we're all different and unique +HLnU8qFRTlk-00277-00218432-00219056 and we want to find the practices and exercises that help us in the moment so make sure that you +HLnU8qFRTlk-00278-00219056-00219584 keep trying different breathing techniques and find the one that really helps you +HLnU8qFRTlk-00279-00219752-00220432 okay thank you so much i see here in the chat being grateful for health for family work +HLnU8qFRTlk-00280-00220432-00221280 friends career that is really really great and make sure that you use this exercise at least once +HLnU8qFRTlk-00281-00221280-00222056 a day as you have seen it only takes 10 seconds 30 seconds to think about what you're grateful for +HLnU8qFRTlk-00282-00222136-00222767 and that will set you up in the morning for a really good day and it will bring you into the +HLnU8qFRTlk-00283-00222767-00223456 moment to be grateful for what you have because we spend so much time focusing on what we don't have +HLnU8qFRTlk-00284-00223456-00224344 on what it's not working on uh the fact that you know we might be um far away from our families or +HLnU8qFRTlk-00285-00224344-00225064 you that you are on a ship for a very long time instead try to find ways that you are grateful +HLnU8qFRTlk-00286-00225064-00225912 for for what you have around you yeah and practice this as much as possible okay so thank you so much +HLnU8qFRTlk-00287-00225912-00226488 for sharing thank you so much for being part of this exercise and the breathing exercise as well +HLnU8qFRTlk-00288-00226616-00227367 and i'm going to stop sharing my screen now uh yes thank you bogdan for um mentioning this yes +HLnU8qFRTlk-00289-00227367-00227928 we all put health first uh but we don't appreciate it that's very true and this is something that +HLnU8qFRTlk-00290-00227984-00228816 we tend to appreciate more when we are sick we realize that health is so precious when we +HLnU8qFRTlk-00291-00228816-00229360 don't have it and that is why it's important to make sure we take care of ourselves and +HLnU8qFRTlk-00292-00229360-00230008 of our physical and mental health even in the times when we feel good when we feel healthy +HLnU8qFRTlk-00293-00230008-00230912 because it's you know it's important to just keep having that health it's not going to be there all +HLnU8qFRTlk-00294-00230912-00231608 the time unless we actually maintain it yeah it's just like with any device that we have we need to +HLnU8qFRTlk-00295-00231608-00232344 keep it in maintenance yeah okay thank you so much i'm going to uh pass on uh now the microphone over +HLnU8qFRTlk-00296-00232344-00233392 to christina i'm just thinking to what shah shang thing said like to be grateful for others life +HLnU8qFRTlk-00297-00233392-00234344 and i'm just well some food for thought here okay uh let me uh prepare my next +HLnU8qFRTlk-00298-00234567-00235384 sorry for the interruption but i would say something yes sure yeah +HLnU8qFRTlk-00299-00235871-00236592 since my childhood my upbringing in moderate family nuclear moderate and my mother +HLnU8qFRTlk-00300-00236671-00237592 is a homemaker and about talk to my father he is a farmer he feed many people to from life for me +HLnU8qFRTlk-00301-00237688-00238760 so uh i am and my whole family have been yeah i know uh careful for the others people also so +HLnU8qFRTlk-00302-00238816-00239992 i do social work too so i thought i am going to do a job on board skip because of not money of course +HLnU8qFRTlk-00303-00240048-00240784 i if i do work there i will get a i will i will get a pay for that but i want to do something for +HLnU8qFRTlk-00304-00240888-00241808 those who don't have a money to get a you know basic education so i have written i do care for +HLnU8qFRTlk-00305-00241808-00242456 others as well for me also and yeah of course exercise is a very important thing so i do +HLnU8qFRTlk-00306-00242656-00243040 this thing so i'm very sorry if anyone mine +HLnU8qFRTlk-00307-00243288-00244032 no my family my family is important for me and i do my work with you know sincerely +HLnU8qFRTlk-00308-00244032-00245071 i'm a hard-working guy so yeah i sometime i live with i live with other people too who's a +HLnU8qFRTlk-00309-00245071-00246119 poor around me i see so i don't i can't resist myself when i see a people who they are very needy +HLnU8qFRTlk-00310-00246119-00246928 to get help so that's why i written this that's great and we congratulate you for this okay great +HLnU8qFRTlk-00311-00246928-00247719 thank you moving on to the next presentation that would be some my time coaching exercises +HLnU8qFRTlk-00312-00247719-00248944 that i thought for you and we in such exercises we will discuss about different perspectives and +HLnU8qFRTlk-00313-00249096-00249767 as a basic introduction you just you should think to my time coaching by default +HLnU8qFRTlk-00314-00249767-00250448 like a pillar for stability it's like an offshore rig that should provide you +HLnU8qFRTlk-00315-00250448-00251456 stability but the question is how can we find our own maritime coach if we don't have such a coach +HLnU8qFRTlk-00316-00251456-00252392 on board vessel so my time coaching involves many things from motivation from development goals +HLnU8qFRTlk-00317-00252392-00253248 from certain skills that the the person that pretends to be a coach should have also involves +HLnU8qFRTlk-00318-00253248-00253944 a lot of um supporting and advice but especially from my point of view i would like to stress that +HLnU8qFRTlk-00319-00254040-00254680 since kindergarten since childhood we were all surrounded by coaches +HLnU8qFRTlk-00320-00254680-00255504 but probably we did not just realize that so a coach can be someone that is there for you +HLnU8qFRTlk-00321-00255504-00256184 assist you in many things in many ways a coach can be a parent a coach can be +HLnU8qFRTlk-00322-00256344-00257352 a teacher but of course such cases should be analyzed because not everybody understands they +HLnU8qFRTlk-00323-00257352-00258232 have such coaching attitudes and nobody thinks and analyzes their coaching attitudes that should be +HLnU8qFRTlk-00324-00258232-00259032 further developed so i have prepared for you a short very short exercise on coaching and i'm um +HLnU8qFRTlk-00325-00259200-00259896 i'm inviting you to look at this image it is an image where you find +HLnU8qFRTlk-00326-00259896-00260688 what you should tell me what do you see in this image maybe you girls can you help me +HLnU8qFRTlk-00327-00261760-00262160 i think we're getting some responses in the chat as well peace +HLnU8qFRTlk-00328-00262448-00262864 light calm sunrise +HLnU8qFRTlk-00329-00263296-00263728 oh that's so great okay thank you very much for your interaction +HLnU8qFRTlk-00330-00263984-00264192 but what about this image +HLnU8qFRTlk-00331-00264720-00265288 so what do you see here what are your feelings looking at this image +HLnU8qFRTlk-00332-00265544-00266184 i can share that i see a party oh yes i imagine a party on the boat +HLnU8qFRTlk-00333-00266296-00266656 sounds great but please focus a bit on the environment +HLnU8qFRTlk-00334-00266880-00267664 okay calm yes you see a lot of calm environment +HLnU8qFRTlk-00335-00267864-00268616 indeed well the exercise is about different perspectives because if you would carefully +HLnU8qFRTlk-00336-00268616-00269328 compare the first image this one with the second image you would understand that this first image +HLnU8qFRTlk-00337-00269544-00270352 is a perception of is a perception of someone that is unsure and the second image is taken +HLnU8qFRTlk-00338-00270352-00271336 by someone who is on a vessel someone who is offshore therefore we have different perspectives +HLnU8qFRTlk-00339-00271400-00272264 and from these different perspectives our thoughts are different therefore my time coach should take +HLnU8qFRTlk-00340-00272264-00273024 into account such different perspectives and should understand better this very calm attitude +HLnU8qFRTlk-00341-00273024-00273856 obviously outside storms and bad wind also discard an attitude but also the coach should understand +HLnU8qFRTlk-00342-00273912-00274632 that there is such a huge amount of water and sometimes you just sail and sail +HLnU8qFRTlk-00343-00274688-00275552 and there is no ship around you and there is always this close environment for six months +HLnU8qFRTlk-00344-00275552-00276288 like our friend told us for eight months ten months now with pandemic and of course we love +HLnU8qFRTlk-00345-00276392-00277224 to be surrounded by calm but i'm just wondering sometimes maybe too much calm is it good or not +HLnU8qFRTlk-00346-00277344-00278144 this would be my first exercise about sharing perspectives and thinking to multiple perspectives +HLnU8qFRTlk-00347-00278144-00278712 the second exercise would be an exercise that i would apply with my students +HLnU8qFRTlk-00348-00278712-00279544 it is called turning the life raft and you can see here all the perspectives of this exercise like +HLnU8qFRTlk-00349-00279600-00280384 what material you would need what equipment a life raft or else if you don't have a life wrap you can +HLnU8qFRTlk-00350-00280480-00281152 imagine and use something similar to a life raft it can be flattened if you are in an inner space +HLnU8qFRTlk-00351-00281152-00281904 such as the classroom the life raft does not need to be complete or operative the space a close +HLnU8qFRTlk-00352-00281904-00282720 environment can be inside the classroom inside a training room on board vessel or in open space +HLnU8qFRTlk-00353-00282720-00283512 on a deck the duration exercise should be about 30 minutes and the people the trainees +HLnU8qFRTlk-00354-00283512-00284592 the coaches will be involved in turn back the life raft everyone on the group should stand on and the +HLnU8qFRTlk-00355-00284592-00285320 group aim is to flip the life raft over in the fastest time nobody must step off the lightroom +HLnU8qFRTlk-00356-00285320-00286056 if anyone put their foot on floor the experience must be repeated and such kind of exercise can be +HLnU8qFRTlk-00357-00286280-00286904 redesigned in different conditions depending on the condition but the key coaching understanding +HLnU8qFRTlk-00358-00286904-00287520 is the following the coaches should focus on teamworking and on collaboration +HLnU8qFRTlk-00359-00287608-00288288 listening and questioning between the students is also um desirable thing to do and also +HLnU8qFRTlk-00360-00288288-00288824 discussing and integration of different ideas and different perspectives +HLnU8qFRTlk-00361-00288984-00289592 final the open question will be addressed to the group did anyone view the life raft +HLnU8qFRTlk-00362-00289592-00290176 task as impossible how deep team members try to keep everyone on the life raft +HLnU8qFRTlk-00363-00290232-00290848 and eventually did the group cheat in order to set to make the exercise successful +HLnU8qFRTlk-00364-00290944-00292288 so this would be in large lines my exercises for you now and i would also like to share you some +HLnU8qFRTlk-00365-00292344-00293072 other things to think about like the crossroads choices you see here two types of crossroads +HLnU8qFRTlk-00366-00293288-00294264 often in life we meet crossroads that make us follow a certain choice a certain decision and +HLnU8qFRTlk-00367-00294384-00295064 in general these moments are so difficult that we desperately need someone to guide us +HLnU8qFRTlk-00368-00295168-00295904 whether it's god whether is a friend either either is a colleague a family member +HLnU8qFRTlk-00369-00295904-00296808 so we must identify a person to talk to and if on board vessel we don't have such a friend to talk +HLnU8qFRTlk-00370-00296808-00297768 to then just follow up alexandra's tip alexandra's exercise take a sheet of paper and start writing +HLnU8qFRTlk-00371-00297888-00298480 and finally i will share with you a secret of success in case of coaching +HLnU8qFRTlk-00372-00298536-00299200 don't just accumulate knowledge we are so happy you are here today with us and you accumulate +HLnU8qFRTlk-00373-00299312-00300176 knowledge very useful knowledge we are also hoping you will attend other seminars other webinars and +HLnU8qFRTlk-00374-00300176-00301008 other educational programs to accumulate knowledge but what you should understand is that you should +HLnU8qFRTlk-00375-00301008-00301840 think to use your knowledge in order to do action in order to create concrete results +HLnU8qFRTlk-00376-00302016-00302584 thank you for now for your attention and i pass the floor again to alexander +HLnU8qFRTlk-00377-00302824-00303800 thank you so much and that actually comes very um as a really great connection to my next +HLnU8qFRTlk-00378-00303800-00304568 exercises in the following pillars because we have been talking about the first one +HLnU8qFRTlk-00379-00304568-00305456 which was emotional and mental health and another um another type of struggle that we +HLnU8qFRTlk-00380-00305456-00306112 have identified and that you have mentioned as well and we're going to talk about those tips on +HLnU8qFRTlk-00381-00306240-00306840 connection and listening we have seen that work and life balance is also +HLnU8qFRTlk-00382-00306952-00307360 very important to maintain of course and when it comes to +HLnU8qFRTlk-00383-00307360-00307992 being on c that means that you are away from your family for a long time which means that you are +HLnU8qFRTlk-00384-00308112-00308720 inclining the balance more towards work and that's when it can become more stressful +HLnU8qFRTlk-00385-00308920-00309480 so it's important to make sure that you find ways to cope with this situation and to +HLnU8qFRTlk-00386-00309608-00310296 relax that stress and that tension that comes with missing your dear ones or from having +HLnU8qFRTlk-00387-00310360-00310984 different news coming from home and so on now the way that i like to look at this +HLnU8qFRTlk-00388-00311056-00311688 is integration work life integration instead of balance why integration because +HLnU8qFRTlk-00389-00311744-00312624 when we talk about balance we see these two pieces as very separate but how can we integrate them +HLnU8qFRTlk-00390-00312624-00313488 very many times we try to put on a mask when we are working and we try to put our emotions aside +HLnU8qFRTlk-00391-00313544-00314184 but it's inevitable because we're not robots so we will have emotions so if there is something +HLnU8qFRTlk-00392-00314184-00314848 uh going on in our life in our personal life then of course we will have uh we will not +HLnU8qFRTlk-00393-00314848-00315752 have such a good day and we will feel less um cold to do our work we will feel maybe slower uh +HLnU8qFRTlk-00394-00315808-00316448 when we do our tasks and of course it has an impact on us so why do we need to find ways to +HLnU8qFRTlk-00395-00316552-00317336 cope with that because we have to integrate these two aspects now let's look at some techniques +HLnU8qFRTlk-00396-00317336-00318208 um that we can use when it comes to this work life integration and understanding these emotions +HLnU8qFRTlk-00397-00318208-00318688 and how they are integrated between our personal life and our professional lives +HLnU8qFRTlk-00398-00318792-00319488 and um one way is of course to be more understanding and kind with each other +HLnU8qFRTlk-00399-00319488-00320216 so in all interactions that we have with the other crew members we try to we try to see the +HLnU8qFRTlk-00400-00320216-00320976 way that we are right yeah we feel that we are always right and the other person is wrong but so +HLnU8qFRTlk-00401-00320976-00321568 many times it's not a personal conflict it's just something that the other person is going through +HLnU8qFRTlk-00402-00321640-00322352 so just keep in mind that everyone you talk to everyone that you interact with even on a daily +HLnU8qFRTlk-00403-00322352-00323024 basis you might not even know what type of battle they are fighting and what is going on in their +HLnU8qFRTlk-00404-00323024-00323496 personal life and they might be going through something that you don't know anything about +HLnU8qFRTlk-00405-00323496-00324208 so just remember to be kind and understanding all the time it's something that we can learn +HLnU8qFRTlk-00406-00324208-00325224 to cultivate more in all our all the aspects of our lives to be more kind to be more inclined to +HLnU8qFRTlk-00407-00325312-00325912 allow people to be vulnerable and to share what they're going through and this leads me +HLnU8qFRTlk-00408-00325912-00326704 to the next way to the next tip that you can also implement and it it means that +HLnU8qFRTlk-00409-00326704-00327536 you know even when you don't have um a coach on board or when you don't have necessarily +HLnU8qFRTlk-00410-00327536-00328344 um a way to connect with uh the people uh who are at home you want to communicate +HLnU8qFRTlk-00411-00328344-00329224 how you feel this is where that integration comes into place find someone in uh your team +HLnU8qFRTlk-00412-00329288-00330104 to talk to or offer your time to listen to someone who is going through a hard time +HLnU8qFRTlk-00413-00330168-00330584 like i was saying earlier you don't know what the other person is going through +HLnU8qFRTlk-00414-00330688-00331304 and you might see that they are struggling they might not be in the same good mood that you see +HLnU8qFRTlk-00415-00331304-00332096 them all the time so create that safe space for them to open up and to share and ask questions +HLnU8qFRTlk-00416-00332096-00332848 be genuinely curious and interested about what they're going through and be there for them this +HLnU8qFRTlk-00417-00332848-00333608 is where you practice that presence as well in coaching we talk about that as being an active +HLnU8qFRTlk-00418-00333608-00334304 listening because we want to create that space where the people in front of us +HLnU8qFRTlk-00419-00334408-00335344 are open to share whatever it is as coaches we don't guide you we allow you to find that guidance +HLnU8qFRTlk-00420-00335432-00336048 so you can also use this technique you can ask the other person how are you feeling do +HLnU8qFRTlk-00421-00336048-00336808 you want to talk about it and then carry on with that conversation perhaps you notice +HLnU8qFRTlk-00422-00336808-00337232 that you are going through something similar or maybe you have gone through something similar +HLnU8qFRTlk-00423-00337328-00338040 and you want to share that with them to establish that emotional bond you know that any conversation +HLnU8qFRTlk-00424-00338040-00338712 is an exchange of stories so you might want to share something as well but make sure that you +HLnU8qFRTlk-00425-00338712-00339256 don't take away the spotlight from the story of the person who is sharing first take turns in +HLnU8qFRTlk-00426-00339256-00339976 sharing take turns in opening up and make sure that you are there for them sometimes they may +HLnU8qFRTlk-00427-00339976-00340688 not even need of advice or recommendations they just need someone to listen so +HLnU8qFRTlk-00428-00340744-00341400 when you practice this listening you are not going to give any judgments you are not going to say +HLnU8qFRTlk-00429-00341472-00342040 oh this is not good or you shouldn't be like this you're just going to listen +HLnU8qFRTlk-00430-00342040-00342728 you're not going to offer unsolicited advice and you know in coaching we don't give advice +HLnU8qFRTlk-00431-00342856-00343512 and we're not going to interrupt the other person we're just going to listen to them so next time +HLnU8qFRTlk-00432-00343512-00344152 when you see someone maybe who is not in their uh best shape just ask them how are you feeling +HLnU8qFRTlk-00433-00344152-00344840 and do you want to talk about it and create that safe space for them and try to see if there is a +HLnU8qFRTlk-00434-00344840-00345680 conversation that you can have with them and of course um just like christina was mentioning as +HLnU8qFRTlk-00435-00345680-00346416 well journal when you don't feel safe too and comfortable to share with someone else you can +HLnU8qFRTlk-00436-00346416-00347096 just get your get the notebook or journal and start writing down about how you are feeling +HLnU8qFRTlk-00437-00347168-00348048 you can start with writing today i had a hard time because and then you can just write about your +HLnU8qFRTlk-00438-00348048-00348840 feelings your thoughts your emotions or you can write something like i feel sad when i think about +HLnU8qFRTlk-00439-00348960-00349776 and then write about uh what is giving you that um feeling of sadness or you can +HLnU8qFRTlk-00440-00349776-00350688 try to shift your mood from when you are in a low space and you feel uh that you miss your family so +HLnU8qFRTlk-00441-00350688-00351248 much when you're away from them for instance and you're on the ship then try to connect +HLnU8qFRTlk-00442-00351248-00351896 with positive feelings and with positive memories and write down the best memory i have with my +HLnU8qFRTlk-00443-00351896-00352728 family is when and just start writing down because that will shift your thinking from focusing on +HLnU8qFRTlk-00444-00352800-00353472 being away from them into reconnecting with those beautiful memories that you have with them +HLnU8qFRTlk-00445-00353576-00354464 so try to do uh these exercises and try to put these skills into practice be more kind +HLnU8qFRTlk-00446-00354608-00355216 listen to someone who is going through a hard time and journal keep a journal with you and +HLnU8qFRTlk-00447-00355216-00356304 start writing down now i'm going to pass the microphone over to christina for the next +HLnU8qFRTlk-00448-00356408-00357208 step and then we will continue with some more exercises if there are any questions please do +HLnU8qFRTlk-00449-00357208-00357568 feel free to share them in the chat or share them with us +HLnU8qFRTlk-00450-00357992-00358664 thank you very much alexandra it's so great you have so many good exercises +HLnU8qFRTlk-00451-00358768-00359520 okay and also we are waiting for your opinions just feel free to write them in the chat section +HLnU8qFRTlk-00452-00359664-00360576 meanwhile my third part will be something related to my time coaching for seafarer women +HLnU8qFRTlk-00453-00361072-00362344 again the presentation that i prepare for you is based on research that i previously done with my +HLnU8qFRTlk-00454-00362344-00363312 colleagues from gender equality research and now we are talking about the role of the maritime +HLnU8qFRTlk-00455-00363312-00364088 coach we have concluded in my previous part that the maritime coach compared to the maritime leader +HLnU8qFRTlk-00456-00364088-00364752 is the duty to guide the coaching and to assist the role of the my time coach +HLnU8qFRTlk-00457-00364840-00365792 is to ensure the coaching is properly guiding to open its own his or hers own strengths and +HLnU8qFRTlk-00458-00365792-00366440 capabilities and i asked you previously what to do if you don't have a my time coach on worship and +HLnU8qFRTlk-00459-00366496-00367504 i introduced uh the exercise of alexandra with the journal right in the journal but based on our +HLnU8qFRTlk-00460-00367608-00368528 research we discovered that in fact a lot of very good coaching opinions and perspectives +HLnU8qFRTlk-00461-00368704-00369784 are found from individuals like seafarer women that were interviewed in 2018 during our study +HLnU8qFRTlk-00462-00369872-00370584 we use the scientific research tool structured online interviews and we conclude all these +HLnU8qFRTlk-00463-00370584-00371264 answers coming from seafarer women i so we asked them what advice would you give to females +HLnU8qFRTlk-00464-00371264-00371888 who want to pursue a career in tiffany and we discovered something really awesome really great +HLnU8qFRTlk-00465-00372072-00373168 they replied with their own experience based on our on their own expertise and their own um +HLnU8qFRTlk-00466-00373432-00374184 events they were passing through and i would just like to briefly read some of their advices +HLnU8qFRTlk-00467-00374184-00375032 to understand how a support group like a seafarer group would do a huge help for +HLnU8qFRTlk-00468-00375032-00375904 motivating other seafarer women for example a filipino seafarer woman replied you must +HLnU8qFRTlk-00469-00375904-00376592 have the courage and strongheart to follow your dreams in life a belgium fight for what you love +HLnU8qFRTlk-00470-00376712-00377208 filipino seafaring is a very challenging job for you to prevail you must know your +HLnU8qFRTlk-00471-00377208-00377608 rights and must know the right people who can help you when things go wrong +HLnU8qFRTlk-00472-00377680-00378424 respect can't be both nor it can be forced on people you have to earn it i really like this idea +HLnU8qFRTlk-00473-00378480-00379200 you can start by respecting yourself another opinion stay strong and be positive all the time +HLnU8qFRTlk-00474-00379256-00380040 this alexandria in fact is also a part of what you are saying don't let men intimidate you because +HLnU8qFRTlk-00475-00380040-00380808 they are men work with them so cooperation is the key word here show your worth as part of the team +HLnU8qFRTlk-00476-00380896-00381512 never let your gender be a hindrance to your career be dedicated to your work again uh here +HLnU8qFRTlk-00477-00381512-00382456 i conclude a focus on professionalism a seafarer woman should be a professional from the first step +HLnU8qFRTlk-00478-00382456-00383152 on board vessel in her working space proof that female can also contribute to the development +HLnU8qFRTlk-00479-00383152-00383832 of maritime industry so that more companies will hire and accept female seafarers to work on board +HLnU8qFRTlk-00480-00384064-00384760 in our scientific research school other nationalities replied we had also romanian +HLnU8qFRTlk-00481-00384760-00385752 swiss australian british here are only 18 replies but in total there are much more and i mentioned +HLnU8qFRTlk-00482-00385752-00386632 there the published um paper where you can find all of them and in the end i would like to read +HLnU8qFRTlk-00483-00386720-00387520 an australian separate women woman opinion she said you have every right to pursue your dream +HLnU8qFRTlk-00484-00387600-00388008 don't be disheartened by other people's experiences +HLnU8qFRTlk-00485-00388008-00388632 don't set yourself aside from your male colleagues get in there live the heavy things +HLnU8qFRTlk-00486-00388704-00389408 and do the dirty jobs let your attitude and your work speak for themselves you will encounter +HLnU8qFRTlk-00487-00389408-00390144 people who are threatened by you kill them with your kindness don't let the social pressure of +HLnU8qFRTlk-00488-00390144-00390832 marriage and children get in the way of what you want and most importantly wear sunscreen +HLnU8qFRTlk-00489-00391000-00391648 so these are only a few things that i thought necessary to share with you +HLnU8qFRTlk-00490-00391744-00392536 from my academic previous experience and for the next webinar i will prepare some +HLnU8qFRTlk-00491-00392536-00393152 scientific facts about resilient coach versus the versus the perspective of my time digital leader +HLnU8qFRTlk-00492-00393272-00393920 so for now this is in large lines what i wanted to share with you +HLnU8qFRTlk-00493-00394096-00394696 so i will let now my colleagues both the alexandras continue their +HLnU8qFRTlk-00494-00394912-00395608 park okay thank you very much uh i wanted to address uh one of the questions in the chat +HLnU8qFRTlk-00495-00395608-00396320 before um i move on to the next part um caroline says uh could you talk a bit more +HLnU8qFRTlk-00496-00396320-00397056 about not giving advices as a coach uh yes in in coaching uh we don't give advice because +HLnU8qFRTlk-00497-00397136-00397816 in coaching it's about focusing on the person in front of us on the coaching and the expert +HLnU8qFRTlk-00498-00397816-00398568 in their life is themselves we cannot be as coaches expert in someone else's life so we are +HLnU8qFRTlk-00499-00398568-00399288 only there as a coach to support them and to give them that space for them to develop to feel safe +HLnU8qFRTlk-00500-00399288-00400048 to share what they're going through and to set their growth their goals for their transformation +HLnU8qFRTlk-00501-00400048-00400800 and to give them some encouragement and to keep them accountable for what they're doing +HLnU8qFRTlk-00502-00400800-00401240 but we don't give them advice because advice means that it would come from +HLnU8qFRTlk-00503-00401240-00402040 our experience what we can do is we can perhaps share uh from our experience but not as +HLnU8qFRTlk-00504-00402040-00402928 giving advice just mentioning from the beginning this is my experience so it's just um very +HLnU8qFRTlk-00505-00403064-00403704 important to make sure that the spotlight is on the person in front of us and on the coachee +HLnU8qFRTlk-00506-00403704-00404544 the coach is there just to hold the space and to give guidance and to hold the hand of the coachee +HLnU8qFRTlk-00507-00404544-00405280 but not to point them in the direction because the cochi is the one who knows best i hope that +HLnU8qFRTlk-00508-00405432-00405856 that responds to the question and caroline if you have more questions please do +HLnU8qFRTlk-00509-00405856-00406552 um share them with us in the chat so i'm going to go now to the next +HLnU8qFRTlk-00510-00406608-00407464 pillar because it's really important especially in the context that christina just shared in terms of +HLnU8qFRTlk-00511-00407552-00408352 women on board and in the maritime industry overall and focusing on our personal and +HLnU8qFRTlk-00512-00408352-00409200 professional growth is very important when it comes to uh looking at how we are pursuing our +HLnU8qFRTlk-00513-00409200-00410216 dreams and how we're not allowing anything any uh gender biased opinions to stop us or any any other +HLnU8qFRTlk-00514-00410328-00410904 social pressure to put a stop on our dreams but in order to be able to do that +HLnU8qFRTlk-00515-00410904-00411608 we need to focus on our personal and professional growth and when it comes to growth +HLnU8qFRTlk-00516-00411743-00412439 we sometimes do the same things over and over again and we expect different results and you +HLnU8qFRTlk-00517-00412439-00413088 might have heard this quote that the definition of insanity is doing the same thing over and over +HLnU8qFRTlk-00518-00413088-00413792 again expecting different results of course this is not going to happen when we do the same thing +HLnU8qFRTlk-00519-00413847-00414352 over and over we will have the same results and there will be no growth there will be no +HLnU8qFRTlk-00520-00414352-00415328 transformation instead to transform ourselves and to be more self-confident to earn that respect +HLnU8qFRTlk-00521-00415328-00416016 that was a very beautiful point um christina thank you for sharing that to earn that respect and to +HLnU8qFRTlk-00522-00416016-00416935 make sure that we follow that dream and we put those um boundaries to what is not serving us +HLnU8qFRTlk-00523-00416935-00417600 we need to focus on our transformation and our well-being and with that comes continuous learning +HLnU8qFRTlk-00524-00417664-00418456 we want to be always um in touch with more knowledge and how we can improve ourselves +HLnU8qFRTlk-00525-00418456-00419184 how we can be better for our uh mental health but also for the interactions with the people +HLnU8qFRTlk-00526-00419184-00419896 around us whether they're at work or outside of the workplace and of course just like christina +HLnU8qFRTlk-00527-00419896-00420552 was saying it's not just about accumulating that knowledge we can of course read a lot of books and +HLnU8qFRTlk-00528-00420552-00421335 attend many seminars but it's also about putting into practice and how we actually do that and +HLnU8qFRTlk-00529-00421335-00421935 that is how we will start seeing the results by shifting and transforming the way that we +HLnU8qFRTlk-00530-00421935-00422535 act and the way that we do those things by implementing healthy routines for instance by +HLnU8qFRTlk-00531-00422647-00423288 being more kind by listening to someone who is going through something um difficult +HLnU8qFRTlk-00532-00423520-00424328 there is a mental health organization in new zealand that proposes these five topics when it +HLnU8qFRTlk-00533-00424328-00425024 comes to personal and professional growth and we have already covered uh we have covered connection +HLnU8qFRTlk-00534-00425024-00425672 yeah when we listen to someone when we uh talk to someone and share about what we're going through +HLnU8qFRTlk-00535-00425672-00426392 we have talked about giving giving kindness giving time to those around us we have talked +HLnU8qFRTlk-00536-00426392-00427152 about taking notice meaning being self-aware and understanding and grounding ourselves in the +HLnU8qFRTlk-00537-00427152-00427824 present moment we shared about keep learning because that will contribute to our growth +HLnU8qFRTlk-00538-00427896-00428672 and about being active now what we mean by being active is both physically because it will help us +HLnU8qFRTlk-00539-00428672-00429576 with our physical health but also learning being actively involved in our growth process and in +HLnU8qFRTlk-00540-00429576-00430480 our learning process and what i notice mostly as a coach when i talk to people +HLnU8qFRTlk-00541-00430535-00431464 is that people are focused on the lack of strength and when we cover learning +HLnU8qFRTlk-00542-00431464-00432192 and transformation they focus on well i'm not good at these skills so i have to improve them +HLnU8qFRTlk-00543-00432352-00432920 but it's also important to acknowledge our strengths to acknowledge what we are good at +HLnU8qFRTlk-00544-00433047-00433847 and this following exercise is going to put the spotlight on that so i'm going to invite you once +HLnU8qFRTlk-00545-00433847-00434904 again to take the pen and paper and to write down something based on this context think about the +HLnU8qFRTlk-00546-00434904-00435624 challenge that you have been through and how you managed to overcome it it's better to do something +HLnU8qFRTlk-00547-00435624-00436032 that you have already overcome that is something from the past something that you have healed +HLnU8qFRTlk-00548-00436032-00436760 from instead of something that you're currently going through but think about what you learned +HLnU8qFRTlk-00549-00436839-00437896 what overcoming that situation showed you about yourself what strengths did you find in yourself +HLnU8qFRTlk-00550-00437896-00438432 to overcome that challenge and what did you learn about yourself and your abilities +HLnU8qFRTlk-00551-00438608-00439288 take a little bit of time and write it down and of course if you feel comfortable to share +HLnU8qFRTlk-00552-00439384-00439808 something about a challenge and what you learned about yourself +HLnU8qFRTlk-00553-00439808-00440447 please do share it either in the chat or just unmute yourself and share it so +HLnU8qFRTlk-00554-00440447-00441335 we can hear about your strengths just going to give you a little bit of +HLnU8qFRTlk-00555-00441335-00442920 time you know i'm still thinking alexandra +HLnU8qFRTlk-00556-00443320-00443370 is it +HLnU8qFRTlk-00557-00443624-00444239 you are thinking about the a challenge to identify a challenge it doesn't have to be something big +HLnU8qFRTlk-00558-00444239-00445384 it can be something very small i guess there are so many that i cannot choose the best okay +HLnU8qFRTlk-00559-00446752-00447072 yes someone is sharing motivation yes that's very true +HLnU8qFRTlk-00560-00447216-00447943 when we overcome something we realize that we can have that motivation inside of us +HLnU8qFRTlk-00561-00447943-00448584 if it's important for us then we can find the motivation and the strength to overcome +HLnU8qFRTlk-00562-00448584-00449584 to find solutions uh preparing yourself to pass the barriers exactly yeah +HLnU8qFRTlk-00563-00450047-00450728 think about whether it was a challenge at work maybe it was a difficult conversation or +HLnU8qFRTlk-00564-00450728-00451328 in your personal life what did you learn about yourself and your abilities +HLnU8qFRTlk-00565-00451616-00452024 i know sometimes it's difficult because like i was mentioning +HLnU8qFRTlk-00566-00452024-00452760 yeah it's easier to look at what we are not good at instead of looking at +HLnU8qFRTlk-00567-00452760-00453784 the skills and the strengths that we have and this is why this exercise is really important +HLnU8qFRTlk-00568-00455456-00455672 looking for better results and +HLnU8qFRTlk-00569-00455888-00455992 achieve your goal +HLnU8qFRTlk-00570-00456520-00456712 yes thank you for for sharing in the +HLnU8qFRTlk-00571-00456712-00457984 chat +HLnU8qFRTlk-00572-00459135-00459928 is anyone ready to share if you're not comfortable to share the challenge you can just share with us +HLnU8qFRTlk-00573-00460016-00460792 the strengths that you have the strength that you identified in yourself even if it's just one word +HLnU8qFRTlk-00574-00460792-00461376 i would like to hear from as many of you because i know this is difficult and it takes you out of +HLnU8qFRTlk-00575-00461376-00462072 your comfort zone because we are so focused on the skills and the abilities that we don't have +HLnU8qFRTlk-00576-00462152-00462864 and we forget to acknowledge what we're good at so if you could please type +HLnU8qFRTlk-00577-00462864-00463784 in the chat box or just unmute yourself and give us one word that will be all resilience +HLnU8qFRTlk-00578-00463784-00464552 yes alexander is good to read some of them because on broadcasting we cannot see the chat +HLnU8qFRTlk-00579-00464608-00465384 yes i i'm going through the answers now uh so i'm a multitasker however i'm learning to say no so +HLnU8qFRTlk-00580-00465384-00466247 that i can focus more on production tasks yes that is a very good strength saying no that's very good +HLnU8qFRTlk-00581-00466304-00466839 the challenge showed me that i'm able to do everything with a bit of research even if i don't +HLnU8qFRTlk-00582-00466839-00467552 know anything about it yes that's so powerful yes that makes me ambitious and not being afraid +HLnU8qFRTlk-00583-00467552-00468343 to overcome new things improvise adapt overcome sometimes does the trick yes absolutely absolutely +HLnU8qFRTlk-00584-00468343-00469088 start before being ready because very many times we just put barriers to ourselves because we feel +HLnU8qFRTlk-00585-00469088-00469912 we're not ready for doing something but once we start doing it we learn along the way and that +HLnU8qFRTlk-00586-00469912-00470576 shows us that we're ambitious and we don't have to be afraid of new things and new opportunities +HLnU8qFRTlk-00587-00470576-00471424 so thank you so much for sharing alif resilience yes able to accomplish things at very short notice +HLnU8qFRTlk-00588-00471424-00472112 won't know unless i did it yes so basically working well under pressure and when you have +HLnU8qFRTlk-00589-00472112-00472832 a short deadline that's a very great strength to be aware of i was once questioned by my +HLnU8qFRTlk-00590-00472832-00473456 boss about what i was asking for developing a certain business so i answered okay if we don't +HLnU8qFRTlk-00591-00473456-00473976 do this we will lose the business but it is your decision the result was that my boss finally did +HLnU8qFRTlk-00592-00473976-00474496 what i was asking for and the business was very profitable so i transferred the responsibility to +HLnU8qFRTlk-00593-00474496-00475280 him and he felt responsible and he did what i asked so you learned to speak up and to +HLnU8qFRTlk-00594-00475432-00476184 state your opinion which is really important as well and to pass that responsibility to +HLnU8qFRTlk-00595-00476343-00477080 to give the the responsibility to someone because they can be accountable for it as well very good +HLnU8qFRTlk-00596-00477080-00477760 i discovered that even though i'm young i can inspire other people very very good yes exactly +HLnU8qFRTlk-00597-00477832-00478512 we have this in us it it's only a matter of being open and sharing from our experience +HLnU8qFRTlk-00598-00478512-00479056 because you never know even you know so many times we feel that oh nobody will care about +HLnU8qFRTlk-00599-00479056-00479720 our story or about our experiences but in fact if you open up and share something that +HLnU8qFRTlk-00600-00479720-00480352 you are going through or maybe something that you read about even if it's just one person who +HLnU8qFRTlk-00601-00480352-00481056 gets value out of it that is going to be very important it will maybe change their life they +HLnU8qFRTlk-00602-00481056-00481535 will remember that lesson maybe it's something that they really needed to hear in that moment +HLnU8qFRTlk-00603-00481535-00482176 and you are an inspiration to them so always be open to sharing with other people +HLnU8qFRTlk-00604-00482424-00483184 um and that is scary sometimes that happens with everyone even those who are really successful +HLnU8qFRTlk-00605-00483512-00484280 yeah thank you very much for all your opinions let's move a bit further yeah because we have like +HLnU8qFRTlk-00606-00484280-00484712 six more minutes and every anyway we will exceed the time but i hope +HLnU8qFRTlk-00607-00484712-00485432 nobody nobody gets upset of that um let me pass the floor to the other alexandra +HLnU8qFRTlk-00608-00485432-00486488 alessandra please share your perspective with us well um i will make a short conclusion +HLnU8qFRTlk-00609-00486704-00487343 um be careful with yourselves on the way to mindfulness because there is an effect +HLnU8qFRTlk-00610-00487343-00487816 called from the frog effect and i will talk a little bit about it you know the frog has the +HLnU8qFRTlk-00611-00487816-00488416 our capability to adapt herself in environment what they did they took the frog they put it at +HLnU8qFRTlk-00612-00488416-00488808 the temperature in some water and they start increasing the temperature and increasing +HLnU8qFRTlk-00613-00488808-00489512 it and the frog was still adapting and still adapting until the frog finally started to boil +HLnU8qFRTlk-00614-00489512-00490039 so she died be careful with adapting yourself to some situation put yourself +HLnU8qFRTlk-00615-00490039-00490632 thresholds what i understood about myself and my abilities is that i am very +HLnU8qFRTlk-00616-00490839-00491608 sincere with the job and even that i overcome some very bad situations +HLnU8qFRTlk-00617-00491608-00492304 at the point i understood that the only person that can make me happy or upset is myself +HLnU8qFRTlk-00618-00492488-00493088 the problem that i always had it was empathy i was always empathizing with people's feelings +HLnU8qFRTlk-00619-00493088-00493888 some of them are not so positive as you and they were making me feel a little bit um upset +HLnU8qFRTlk-00620-00493888-00494488 they were giving me some of their bad feelings but uh when i was changing myself of course the +HLnU8qFRTlk-00621-00494488-00495128 situation was getting worse so this is this is not something that um it was supposed to happen the +HLnU8qFRTlk-00622-00495128-00495712 situation should not get improved so eventually i understood and i learned about my capabilities +HLnU8qFRTlk-00623-00495712-00496408 is that in order to overcome situations you have to overcome your emotions think about +HLnU8qFRTlk-00624-00496408-00497135 yourself as being a sponge if you are full of water then the water that is coming more you +HLnU8qFRTlk-00625-00497135-00497832 cannot grab it it's impossible so you need to squeeze the sponge and then to grab new skills +HLnU8qFRTlk-00626-00497928-00498447 do this daily with this practice that meets but it showed us in this evening and that +HLnU8qFRTlk-00627-00498760-00499568 try to squeeze yourself from the past emotions you cannot expect as alexandra said to receive +HLnU8qFRTlk-00628-00499568-00500208 different results from doing the same thing this is impossible so try to change a little bit +HLnU8qFRTlk-00629-00500208-00500960 get rid of the things that may hurt yourself in the past days in order to overcome the new +HLnU8qFRTlk-00630-00500960-00501743 challenges basically what i'm saying is whenever you put your head on the pillow try to practice to +HLnU8qFRTlk-00631-00501743-00502335 practice this well-being a little bit a little bit today a little bit more tomorrow a little bit the +HLnU8qFRTlk-00632-00502335-00503064 next day after tomorrow and believe me it takes 30 seconds 30 minutes maybe three hours to learn +HLnU8qFRTlk-00633-00503064-00503735 skills that can save your life skills that you will use for your whole life think about how you +HLnU8qFRTlk-00634-00503735-00504184 learn how to drive the car you learn it in some lessons and you are using it for your whole life +HLnU8qFRTlk-00635-00504239-00504680 is the same with the well-being as well if you want to be healthy if you want to overcome the +HLnU8qFRTlk-00636-00504680-00505208 challenges in your life if you want to help the others if you want to live a happy life +HLnU8qFRTlk-00637-00505264-00506264 just take your time to learn the correct skills so consider self-improvement every single day now +HLnU8qFRTlk-00638-00506264-00506839 because i didn't know exactly that i will be able to join this session since i'm on board and i have +HLnU8qFRTlk-00639-00506839-00507632 challenges every time and the forum might ring at any point so i have to go i made a short video +HLnU8qFRTlk-00640-00507632-00508416 about the thing that i faced since i started this maritime career the most it's called unconscious +HLnU8qFRTlk-00641-00508416-00509384 bias and miscellaneous and by the end of my uh of my uh speech i would like to thank everybody +HLnU8qFRTlk-00642-00509384-00510072 for attending our webinar and i hope this will be just the beginning of a beautiful coaching journey +HLnU8qFRTlk-00643-00510408-00510576 okay let me just +HLnU8qFRTlk-00644-00510839-00511184 use the technology to help me +HLnU8qFRTlk-00645-00511952-00512128 please confirm you can see the +HLnU8qFRTlk-00646-00512392-00512943 you can see the video uh no not yet okay +HLnU8qFRTlk-00647-00513232-00513984 only the link now we now can you see it yes good good +HLnU8qFRTlk-00648-00515304-00515896 we can't hear it i'm not sure if um i barely uh can hear her eyes +HLnU8qFRTlk-00649-00515960-00516624 yeah uh christina maybe you can also share with the computer sound of course please +HLnU8qFRTlk-00650-00517656-00517856 wait wait +HLnU8qFRTlk-00651-00518064-00519320 okay so share screen share computer sound okay and ignition can you see it now yes yes and colleagues +HLnU8qFRTlk-00652-00519432-00519824 in the same time a big responsibility to be part of vista international today i'm going to touch a +HLnU8qFRTlk-00653-00519824-00520239 subject which is a little bit controversial in the industry but i have been facing it since i started +HLnU8qFRTlk-00654-00520239-00520720 my career first of all let me introduce myself my name is alexandra i'm a third officer i work on +HLnU8qFRTlk-00655-00520720-00521168 passenger ships at the moment i started my career five years ago and i passed throughout different +HLnU8qFRTlk-00656-00521168-00521647 types of ships like rural packs and container carriers and in the end now in the passenger +HLnU8qFRTlk-00657-00521647-00522239 industry in the crew's life today's topic it's unconscious bias which i have been facing it and +HLnU8qFRTlk-00658-00522239-00522856 i feel like it's a little bit underrated and it needs to be more than awake look at us life is +HLnU8qFRTlk-00659-00522856-00523464 so crowded so busy we live our life on daily basis assumption traditions or the way we grow whatever +HLnU8qFRTlk-00660-00523464-00523904 pops up in day you don't know lesson learned you have in life so you create your own background +HLnU8qFRTlk-00661-00523904-00524608 what if i tell you that daily we have 16 000 thoughts and 14 000 of them are the same thoughts +HLnU8qFRTlk-00662-00524608-00525184 from yesterday or from the day before so it means like we are spinning in some kind of a circle +HLnU8qFRTlk-00663-00525248-00525888 we follow just our mindset on the spot like we are on autopilot so let me give you an example +HLnU8qFRTlk-00664-00525888-00526528 for instance you have driving license or you ever ride a bicycle but you don't learn how to drive +HLnU8qFRTlk-00665-00526528-00527232 it every day you did your reflexes once you put yourself into the chair and then you start driving +HLnU8qFRTlk-00666-00527232-00527784 without thinking that from where this comes on or how can you improve your driving skills +HLnU8qFRTlk-00667-00527784-00528496 you simply drive and in your mind while driving pop up totally different stuff and you know what +HLnU8qFRTlk-00668-00528496-00528912 the majority of the accidents happen because our reflexes haven't been awakened +HLnU8qFRTlk-00669-00528968-00529552 it's because we were on this kind of autopilot let me tell you something about our identity and +HLnU8qFRTlk-00670-00529552-00530064 how it's created on board i work with maybe 96 different nationalities the same time +HLnU8qFRTlk-00671-00530128-00530576 and the thing is that you know we come from different side of the world and we grow up +HLnU8qFRTlk-00672-00530576-00531192 differently you have different religions different sex we have different traditions so you have to +HLnU8qFRTlk-00673-00531192-00531832 understand everybody and try to be polite and in the same time not to discriminate even that +HLnU8qFRTlk-00674-00531832-00532360 it might be just by chance you do something which you don't feel like it's offending +HLnU8qFRTlk-00675-00532360-00532920 but you don't know how the other one is failing because you are in this autopilot so your identity +HLnU8qFRTlk-00676-00532976-00534000 it's based upon your values beliefs behavior experiences and of course on your expectations +HLnU8qFRTlk-00677-00534128-00534752 what we have to do in order to get out of this circle is first of all to recognize +HLnU8qFRTlk-00678-00534752-00535304 and accept the fact that this unconscious bias exists in us you know first thing comes first just +HLnU8qFRTlk-00679-00535304-00535872 accept it it's here okay let's see how we can fix it because if you don't accept it it's like you'll +HLnU8qFRTlk-00680-00535872-00536440 be still on autopilot for your whole life second thing on the list is to develop the capacity of +HLnU8qFRTlk-00681-00536440-00537112 putting a flashlight on yourself what if somehow maybe you are doing something wrong what if other +HLnU8qFRTlk-00682-00537112-00537624 people see you in a wrong way or maybe they do something that offends you without thinking +HLnU8qFRTlk-00683-00537680-00538320 so first of all you have to put a flashlight on yourself it's like you put a flashlight under your +HLnU8qFRTlk-00684-00538320-00538960 chin and you watch into the mirror and you see yourself you see your shadows you see your face +HLnU8qFRTlk-00685-00538960-00539448 you see your behaviors and so on third thing on the list is to practice some +HLnU8qFRTlk-00686-00539448-00540176 constructive uncertainty okay you see somebody you already have your mindset regarding this person +HLnU8qFRTlk-00687-00540176-00540896 just by knowing nationality seeing the skin color some clothing or whatever imagine that +HLnU8qFRTlk-00688-00540896-00541704 you have to meet with a person in a blind date for instance a person from sweden and then in your mom +HLnU8qFRTlk-00689-00541704-00542280 mind pops out a very tall guy like a viking and maybe he's blonde because he's coming from +HLnU8qFRTlk-00690-00542280-00542768 sweden you know it's north country and all of a sudden in front of you appears +HLnU8qFRTlk-00691-00542768-00543480 one person which has a different skin tone of color a little bit brownish and it's wearing +HLnU8qFRTlk-00692-00543480-00544168 the wrap clothing and he's telling you that he's swedish 100 he lived in sweden for his whole life +HLnU8qFRTlk-00693-00544232-00544752 you'll feel awkward in that moment because you haven't practiced this constructive uncertainty +HLnU8qFRTlk-00694-00544752-00545584 just don't make up your mind on nobody before you see it you have to explore and to exploit +HLnU8qFRTlk-00695-00545584-00546272 the discomfort by passing throughout this unconscious bias okay we admit exists we +HLnU8qFRTlk-00696-00546272-00547008 develop this flashlight we know ourselves we know our faces and we practice this uncertainty +HLnU8qFRTlk-00697-00547008-00547496 but then you have to face the discomfort of getting out of the circle fifth thing that i want +HLnU8qFRTlk-00698-00547496-00548208 to tell you regarding this unconscious bias is to engage the other into conversation to get to meet +HLnU8qFRTlk-00699-00548208-00548928 and to present yourself in a positive role this means that being in a positive role it's admitting +HLnU8qFRTlk-00700-00548928-00549424 that even you come from this country you have this gender you have this religion +HLnU8qFRTlk-00701-00549424-00549928 and some people may think of you this and that so it's kind of okay i admit i have a pre-concept +HLnU8qFRTlk-00702-00549928-00550384 maybe before i work with your nationality i work with somebody who looks similar like you +HLnU8qFRTlk-00703-00550448-00551008 but you know i changed my mind regarding this kind of persons because you gave a positive +HLnU8qFRTlk-00704-00551008-00551688 way and i also had this issue in the past so just admit it and engage the positive role between the +HLnU8qFRTlk-00705-00551688-00552352 relationship among you the sixth one and the last it's to get the feedback sometimes the feedback +HLnU8qFRTlk-00706-00552352-00553064 is not so nice maybe you'll receive a feedback which might hurt you but in order to move over in +HLnU8qFRTlk-00707-00553064-00553624 your self-development it will not be a paved road maybe it will be like a bumpy one like climbing a +HLnU8qFRTlk-00708-00553624-00554216 mountain and then you know falling down and then climbing again like this is if so just +HLnU8qFRTlk-00709-00554216-00554840 be patient with yourself get a feedback and try to understand how to move over and self-develop your +HLnU8qFRTlk-00710-00554840-00555456 lesson learned so my dear guests please take your time not to be on autopilot take your time to +HLnU8qFRTlk-00711-00555456-00556032 self-develop yourself this kind of conferences give a lot of help and to be honest now that +HLnU8qFRTlk-00712-00556032-00556648 i have seen very few conference on maritime environment basis i realized that in shore +HLnU8qFRTlk-00713-00556648-00557192 side and seaside job-wise we kind of behave same of course we have our own particularities on +HLnU8qFRTlk-00714-00557192-00557696 board because here life can be a little bit more hostile but job wise trust me we work +HLnU8qFRTlk-00715-00557696-00558280 with people we have unconscious bias maybe here it's a little bit more accelerated proportional +HLnU8qFRTlk-00716-00558280-00559040 to the time that you spend cast away from your comfort zone this is third officer alexandra out +HLnU8qFRTlk-00717-00559336-00560000 thank you very much alexandra let me just stop share thank you +HLnU8qFRTlk-00718-00560072-00560728 you are awesome uh if you can um give some replies or opinions for the chat +HLnU8qFRTlk-00719-00561016-00561648 uh yeah i've seen some people talking about the multinational crew +HLnU8qFRTlk-00720-00561744-00562392 well how i see it you know i work on board sometimes with 96 different nationalities imagine +HLnU8qFRTlk-00721-00562472-00563072 how many of us we are and coming from different side of the world with so much different mentality +HLnU8qFRTlk-00722-00563128-00563784 how i see it working with multinational crew is i start to learn how other people live +HLnU8qFRTlk-00723-00563784-00564424 in order to behave myself in front of them this is very important because at the point you will +HLnU8qFRTlk-00724-00564424-00564984 reach the management level and to be honest when you reach that point you need to listen +HLnU8qFRTlk-00725-00564984-00565696 to everybody you need to practice this coaching that uh ms baditer talked about so how i see it +HLnU8qFRTlk-00726-00565696-00566720 is what we have to do is to try to get as much as we can in regards to people uh nationality and +HLnU8qFRTlk-00727-00566720-00567192 culture for instance i have experienced i would you know just one example i have worked with +HLnU8qFRTlk-00728-00567192-00568016 indian crew but india is such a huge country that even them in different side of the the country +HLnU8qFRTlk-00729-00568016-00568584 they live totally different it's like a different world so in order to understand them better +HLnU8qFRTlk-00730-00568664-00569440 just uh try to see the person as it is maybe it was born in the north now living in the south +HLnU8qFRTlk-00731-00569440-00570128 and so on i come from the mountain side uh where people are very straight they talk for themselves +HLnU8qFRTlk-00732-00570128-00570664 instantly and when i came on the maritime environment and i saw people so relaxed sometimes +HLnU8qFRTlk-00733-00570664-00571184 they talk sometimes they don't for me it was very strange so i have experienced this unconscious +HLnU8qFRTlk-00734-00571184-00572064 bias even in my own country living with multinational crew on board is the most important +HLnU8qFRTlk-00735-00572064-00572864 thing that you can have it's a blessing believe me you can get as much as you can from history +HLnU8qFRTlk-00736-00572864-00573648 culture traveling um i don't know for i love food so i kind of try all the foods that they have +HLnU8qFRTlk-00737-00573648-00574256 all around the world so it's a blessing think it this way you know take take the culture as it is +HLnU8qFRTlk-00738-00574344-00575008 uh on the other hand yeah it's difficult because you know they have their costumes and +HLnU8qFRTlk-00739-00575008-00575864 um maybe they have their own traditions which you have to respect but uh on think it's on both +HLnU8qFRTlk-00740-00575864-00576768 ways take the good part and try to understand the things that you have never seen before and +HLnU8qFRTlk-00741-00576848-00577280 kind of that's about it if you have any kind of questions for me i will uh i'll be here to +HLnU8qFRTlk-00742-00577352-00577904 to to pick them up maybe miss dragomir get it for me because i'm using only my phone here +HLnU8qFRTlk-00743-00578064-00578936 yes unfortunately we cannot see you so well but we can hear you perfectly if there is anyone of +HLnU8qFRTlk-00744-00578936-00579784 the webinar participants that would like to add something or to share something with us +HLnU8qFRTlk-00745-00580568-00580872 so if not well +HLnU8qFRTlk-00746-00581160-00581816 miss alexandra chicano can you say some words of conclusion and after that i will pass the +HLnU8qFRTlk-00747-00581816-00582424 first alessandra but and slowly slowly we will end this webinar i think there +HLnU8qFRTlk-00748-00582424-00582888 is uh sorry i think there is someone who wants to ask a question in the in the chat +HLnU8qFRTlk-00749-00583168-00583888 okay i see now that yeah i've seen somebody who who raised the hands to tell us it's +HLnU8qFRTlk-00750-00583888-00584616 about attitude yeah it is it is indeed about attitude it is about your groan but you know what +HLnU8qFRTlk-00751-00584696-00585416 if you start to coach yourself uh you will understand that the person who has this attitude +HLnU8qFRTlk-00752-00585416-00586184 it doesn't have it because this person is a bad person sometimes at sea we have bad situations +HLnU8qFRTlk-00753-00586256-00586824 maybe we have some situations at home and we snap maybe we have some situations on board somebody +HLnU8qFRTlk-00754-00586824-00587560 is pushing us maybe sometimes the management is not the most friendly so these people overcome +HLnU8qFRTlk-00755-00587560-00588296 some huge obstacles so in order to get along and to understand that somebody is giving you +HLnU8qFRTlk-00756-00588296-00589064 attitude for a reason try first of all when you see the attitude not to ignore it on you know +HLnU8qFRTlk-00757-00589160-00589848 uh unexpressive way ignore it on your inner sides you see somebody giving you attitudes +HLnU8qFRTlk-00758-00589848-00590400 maybe you look like you are a little bit stressed maybe you don't understand for what you receive +HLnU8qFRTlk-00759-00590400-00591120 it but on your inner self try to calm yourself down and understand this person maybe it's having +HLnU8qFRTlk-00760-00591120-00591920 an issue behind so in order to conclude to this well-being start attending stuff start attending +HLnU8qFRTlk-00761-00591920-00592600 webinars start attending coaching events start implementing the books that you read so you can be +HLnU8qFRTlk-00762-00592600-00593320 a better self in order to expect from the others to be good with you be first of all a better self +HLnU8qFRTlk-00763-00593448-00594272 it kind of that's about it okay we will do such webinars again and hopefully we will +HLnU8qFRTlk-00764-00594272-00594976 have better connection hopefully the pandemic will be gone and everybody will be happy and +HLnU8qFRTlk-00765-00594976-00595632 more encouraged to do really really great things alexandra chicano please say a concluding word +HLnU8qFRTlk-00766-00596008-00596672 so for all seafarers i have a saying find the best +HLnU8qFRTlk-00767-00596728-00597600 route to your next port of call but behold do not be afraid to use the wheel to alter the +HLnU8qFRTlk-00768-00597600-00598336 course towards another port if your port of call is not the one that you wanted to reach +HLnU8qFRTlk-00769-00598648-00599384 thank you very much alexandra alexandra benita the second alexandra what are your concluding remarks +HLnU8qFRTlk-00770-00599504-00600192 thank you so much i would say to keep practicing and finding ways to connect with yourself +HLnU8qFRTlk-00771-00600192-00600744 because it's really important especially because now we only covered the introduction and the the +HLnU8qFRTlk-00772-00600744-00601536 foundation the basics of maritime coaching and this means that you are first working on yourself +HLnU8qFRTlk-00773-00601536-00602056 first so that this way you can improve your relationship with the people around you in your +HLnU8qFRTlk-00774-00602056-00602568 workplace and outside of the workplace so make sure that you first of all take care of yourself +HLnU8qFRTlk-00775-00602568-00603168 and implement uh those techniques for your self-care and then uh the relationship that +HLnU8qFRTlk-00776-00603168-00603688 you have with yourself will be mirrored in the relationship that you have with the other people +HLnU8qFRTlk-00777-00603848-00604640 okay thank you very much uh thank you to all participants for this really great event +HMloD1TQeE8-00000-00000104-00000587 Hey folks, NickMach007 here again, this time for a much less depressing topic. +HMloD1TQeE8-00001-00000587-00000996 So dry your eyes and grab a pen and a notepad, cause science is back with an attitude and +HMloD1TQeE8-00002-00000996-00001324 he's climbing in your windows, he's snatching your people up, so ya'll need to hide your +HMloD1TQeE8-00003-00001324-00002018 kids, hide your wife, and hide your husband cause they... +HMloD1TQeE8-00004-00002018-00002715 [Intro] Right, so thanks for all the support for my +HMloD1TQeE8-00005-00002715-00003132 last series of videos, those were tough, but I think they can be a valuable resource for +HMloD1TQeE8-00006-00003132-00003232 folks. +HMloD1TQeE8-00007-00003232-00003640 But today I wanted to get back to talking about some planted tank specific science. +HMloD1TQeE8-00008-00003640-00003886 And talk about a couple of very important principles. +HMloD1TQeE8-00009-00003886-00004275 Now for most folks familiar with Tom Barr, you'll already be one step ahead. +HMloD1TQeE8-00010-00004275-00004635 But I wanted to take a closer look at plant resource limitation. +HMloD1TQeE8-00011-00004635-00005036 Now the two theories that are most familiar to people—whether or not your know their +HMloD1TQeE8-00012-00005036-00005602 names—are the Redfield ratio also known as Redfield stoichiometry and Liebig's Law +HMloD1TQeE8-00013-00005602-00006140 of the Minimum, but probably more accurately called the Sprengel-Liebig Law of the Minimum. +HMloD1TQeE8-00014-00006140-00006556 But I want to pose a question—and hopefully answer by the end of this video as well. +HMloD1TQeE8-00015-00006556-00007234 Tom Barr is a strong proponent of the Law of the Minimum and the EI method. +HMloD1TQeE8-00016-00007234-00007615 But does Tom Barr have it all wrong? +HMloD1TQeE8-00017-00007615-00007828 Let's start with some definitions. +HMloD1TQeE8-00018-00007828-00008468 The Redfield ratio is the atomic ratio [not mass] of carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus (or +HMloD1TQeE8-00019-00008468-00008890 C-N-P ratio) found in phytoplankton and throughout the deep oceans. +HMloD1TQeE8-00020-00008890-00009277 This empirically developed ratio is found to be C:N:P = 106:16:1. +HMloD1TQeE8-00021-00009277-00009875 This term is named after the American oceanographer Alfred C. Redfield, who first described this +HMloD1TQeE8-00022-00009875-00010095 ratio in an article written in 1934. +HMloD1TQeE8-00023-00010095-00010656 In this paper, he analyzed nitrate and phosphate data for Atlantic, Indian, Pacific oceans +HMloD1TQeE8-00024-00010656-00011253 and various seas, as well as data published by other researchers as far back as 1898. +HMloD1TQeE8-00025-00011253-00011617 In this paper he found a very interesting phenomenon, that across and within the three +HMloD1TQeE8-00026-00011617-00012343 oceans and Barents Sea, seawater had the N:P atomic ratio near 16:1, and was very similar +HMloD1TQeE8-00027-00012343-00012504 to the average N:P in plankton. +HMloD1TQeE8-00028-00012504-00012746 So what does all this mean for us? +HMloD1TQeE8-00029-00012746-00013246 Well the RR was used as a basis for aquarists to try to limit the growth of algae and provide +HMloD1TQeE8-00030-00013246-00013366 nutrients to plants. +HMloD1TQeE8-00031-00013366-00013818 Now, I imagine many folks have heard of the PMDD method of dosing. +HMloD1TQeE8-00032-00013818-00014421 This method was based off the RR notion that we must supply nutrients in a specific ratio +HMloD1TQeE8-00033-00014421-00014781 in order to minimize algae while still allowing for enough nutrients for plant to grow. +HMloD1TQeE8-00034-00014781-00015269 This led to a lot of folks claiming that Phosphate levels needed to be kept low otherwise you +HMloD1TQeE8-00035-00015269-00015451 would end up with massive algae blooms. +HMloD1TQeE8-00036-00015451-00015873 Enter the Law of the minimum—and this is at the heart of how Tom Barr's theories. +HMloD1TQeE8-00037-00015873-00016273 But before I tell you more about that, let's take one step backward and look at what this +HMloD1TQeE8-00038-00016273-00016443 law is. +HMloD1TQeE8-00039-00016443-00016912 The "Law of the Minimum" states that growth is controlled by the scarcest resource (or +HMloD1TQeE8-00040-00016912-00017085 limiting factor). +HMloD1TQeE8-00041-00017085-00017558 This law is usually believed to be the result of Justus von Liebig's research (1840) but +HMloD1TQeE8-00042-00017558-00018134 the agronomist and chemist Carl Sprengel published in 1828 an article that contained in essence +HMloD1TQeE8-00043-00018134-00018348 the Law of the Minimum. +HMloD1TQeE8-00044-00018348-00018673 This concept was originally applied to plant and crop growth. +HMloD1TQeE8-00045-00018673-00019170 And many times it was criticized, rejected, and then returned to and demonstrated quantitative +HMloD1TQeE8-00046-00019170-00019405 agreement with experiments in the 1990s. +HMloD1TQeE8-00047-00019405-00020037 Now in this graph, I have used light as an example, but you could replace light with +HMloD1TQeE8-00048-00020037-00020402 CO2, or any required nutrient and the graph for expected plant growth would essentially +HMloD1TQeE8-00049-00020402-00020532 look the same. +HMloD1TQeE8-00050-00020532-00021239 A barrel image used by Dr. Dobenecks is now commonly used to demonstrate the principle. +HMloD1TQeE8-00051-00021239-00021679 Look at the barrel in this image. +HMloD1TQeE8-00052-00021679-00022049 The water height of this barrel is limited to the lowest stave. +HMloD1TQeE8-00053-00022049-00022456 Imagine each stave as a single nutrient and the water height representing growth rate. +HMloD1TQeE8-00054-00022456-00022987 Now the maximum growth rate will be defined by the lowest stave, or nutrient. +HMloD1TQeE8-00055-00022987-00023581 So the growth rate of the plant would follow the one single nutrient in least supply. +HMloD1TQeE8-00056-00023581-00023937 In addition to nutrients, in a planted tank, you should also consider light and CO2 as +HMloD1TQeE8-00057-00023937-00024187 potentially limiting factors. +HMloD1TQeE8-00058-00024187-00024581 Now Tom Barr maintains his tanks based on this law of the Minimum and he has written +HMloD1TQeE8-00059-00024581-00024779 about it too many times to count. +HMloD1TQeE8-00060-00024779-00025276 And this is based on research showing that different species of algae and the 400+ species +HMloD1TQeE8-00061-00025276-00025787 of plants we keep actually require different ratios—not just one magic ratio. +HMloD1TQeE8-00062-00025787-00026204 But even more importantly, that we need not worry about knowing every single ratio out +HMloD1TQeE8-00063-00026204-00026754 there, but the main thing is to prevent strong limitations in any of the necessary nutrients. +HMloD1TQeE8-00064-00026754-00027249 So let me say, I respect Tom Barr greatly and he is far smarter than I am—and his +HMloD1TQeE8-00065-00027249-00027350 tanks are stunning. +HMloD1TQeE8-00066-00027350-00027545 His plants are perfect if there is such a thing. +HMloD1TQeE8-00067-00027545-00028056 But let me also say, based on some readings, I wonder if the Law of Minimum is an accurate +HMloD1TQeE8-00068-00028056-00028173 explanation. +HMloD1TQeE8-00069-00028173-00028642 While his results speak for themselves, what I want to question is the theory or explanation +HMloD1TQeE8-00070-00028642-00028913 behind his amazing results. +HMloD1TQeE8-00071-00028913-00029426 Enter the ''multiple limitation hypothesis'' (or MLH), which is based on microeconomic +HMloD1TQeE8-00072-00029426-00029622 analogies and cost-benefit analysis. +HMloD1TQeE8-00073-00029622-00029831 Let me explain just what this theory is. +HMloD1TQeE8-00074-00029831-00030006 And hang in there with me if you get confused. +HMloD1TQeE8-00075-00030006-00030460 I will offer an example and I think it will make much more sense. +HMloD1TQeE8-00076-00030460-00030970 According to the MLH, optimum plant adaptive behavior results from balancing resource costs +HMloD1TQeE8-00077-00030970-00031535 and benefits in such a way that all resources limit plant growth simultaneously—not just +HMloD1TQeE8-00078-00031535-00031947 a single resource as predicted by the law of the minimum. +HMloD1TQeE8-00079-00031947-00032389 This theory proposes that if growth is limited by one resource, a plant should allocate more +HMloD1TQeE8-00080-00032389-00032964 effort to acquiring the limiting resource and less to acquiring other resources. +HMloD1TQeE8-00081-00032964-00033358 The resulting shift in the allocation of internal resources enhances the acquisition of the +HMloD1TQeE8-00082-00033358-00033856 limiting resource, creating a dynamic balance in which growth is equally limited by all +HMloD1TQeE8-00083-00033856-00034046 resources. +HMloD1TQeE8-00084-00034046-00034558 One key assumption of the MLH is that resources can be substituted to a varying degree by +HMloD1TQeE8-00085-00034558-00034852 each other through a common currency such as carbon. +HMloD1TQeE8-00086-00034852-00035346 The typical examples of the MLH model are terrestrial plant responses to growth constraints +HMloD1TQeE8-00087-00035346-00035899 imposed simultaneously by aboveground (e.g., carbon or light) and belowground resources +HMloD1TQeE8-00088-00035899-00036057 (e.g., nitrogen). +HMloD1TQeE8-00089-00036057-00036567 In carbon-limited plants, reduced root growth limits nitrogen acquisition. +HMloD1TQeE8-00090-00036567-00037049 In nitrogen-limited plants, reduced shoot growth limits photosynthetic carbon gain. +HMloD1TQeE8-00091-00037049-00037544 Under these circumstances, the MLH predicts that carbon-limited plants would respond positively +HMloD1TQeE8-00092-00037544-00038069 to increased nitrogen supply and nitrogen-limited plants would respond positively to increased +HMloD1TQeE8-00093-00038069-00038274 carbon supply. +HMloD1TQeE8-00094-00038274-00038708 Liebig's law and the MLH predict markedly different responses to the addition of a single +HMloD1TQeE8-00095-00038708-00038808 resource. +HMloD1TQeE8-00096-00038808-00039388 MLH plants should have a positive response to the addition of any individual resource +HMloD1TQeE8-00097-00039388-00039488 at all levels. +HMloD1TQeE8-00098-00039488-00040055 Now take a look at this figure, it is clear that Liebig's law and the MLH cannot be valid +HMloD1TQeE8-00099-00040055-00040646 at the same time and in any specific case one should prevail over the other. +HMloD1TQeE8-00100-00040646-00041090 While the MLH fits empirical observations of plant responses to the interactions of +HMloD1TQeE8-00101-00041090-00041607 carbon, water, and nitrogen limitations, when interactions among diverse nutrient resources +HMloD1TQeE8-00102-00041607-00041953 are considered, the situation is less clear. +HMloD1TQeE8-00103-00041953-00042300 To try to answer this question, I reviewed several research articles, but focused on +HMloD1TQeE8-00104-00042300-00042771 one by RUBIO, ZHU, AND LYNCH—see the description if you are interested in reading it. +HMloD1TQeE8-00105-00042771-00043247 I will also list some other papers I recommend and as always, all my references in preparing +HMloD1TQeE8-00106-00043247-00043378 this talk. +HMloD1TQeE8-00107-00043378-00043680 Now back to the Rubio, Zhu and Lynch paper. +HMloD1TQeE8-00108-00043680-00044119 In their study they used a plant near and dear to all our hearts, Lemna minor...but +HMloD1TQeE8-00109-00044119-00044324 you might know it as duckweed. +HMloD1TQeE8-00110-00044324-00044887 Here's the problem: the results support the general hypothesis that neither Liebig's law +HMloD1TQeE8-00111-00044887-00045419 nor the multiple limitation hypothesis adequately account for plant responses to all mineral +HMloD1TQeE8-00112-00045419-00045519 nutrients. +HMloD1TQeE8-00113-00045519-00046060 In the study, plant responses to some nutrients followed Liebig's law, responses to other +HMloD1TQeE8-00114-00046060-00046484 nutrients followed the multiple limitation hypothesis, and in some cases neither paradigm +HMloD1TQeE8-00115-00046484-00046823 correctly predicted plant responses. +HMloD1TQeE8-00116-00046823-00047249 Twenty-three of the 60 responses analyzed were classified as belonging to the Liebig +HMloD1TQeE8-00117-00047249-00047761 model, 20 cases were classified as undefined, and 17 cases as MLH. +HMloD1TQeE8-00118-00047761-00048120 This is a pretty even 3-way split. +HMloD1TQeE8-00119-00048120-00048693 The analysis, demonstrated that the regulation of plant effort invested in the capture of +HMloD1TQeE8-00120-00048693-00049196 essential resources is made on a ''resource- by-resource'' basis, instead of by a global +HMloD1TQeE8-00121-00049196-00049509 plant strategy, valid for all nutrients. +HMloD1TQeE8-00122-00049509-00050090 Therefore, it would not be appropriate to classify a plant as Liebig or MLH, because +HMloD1TQeE8-00123-00050090-00050561 plants can have Liebig and MLH responses at the same time. +HMloD1TQeE8-00124-00050561-00050984 Plant responses to nutrient availability depended on the specific nutrient and on the occurrence +HMloD1TQeE8-00125-00050984-00051378 and severity of simultaneous constraints to plant growth. +HMloD1TQeE8-00126-00051378-00051812 In this dual resource experiment, the lack of a uniform pattern of response among nutrients +HMloD1TQeE8-00127-00051812-00052263 is an indicator of the complexity inherent in physiological responses to nutrient limitations +HMloD1TQeE8-00128-00052263-00052729 and the difficulty of articulating general, simplified models to predict plant responses +HMloD1TQeE8-00129-00052729-00052829 to nutrient deficits. +HMloD1TQeE8-00130-00052829-00053495 This means, the law of the minimum, Redfield, MLH, etc are all probably oversimplifications. +HMloD1TQeE8-00131-00053495-00054029 And the situation is even more complex in nature, where plants often confront multiple +HMloD1TQeE8-00132-00054029-00054130 nutrient limitations. +HMloD1TQeE8-00133-00054130-00054692 Though of course in our tanks, nutrient availability is typically not much of an issue with any +HMloD1TQeE8-00134-00054692-00055044 of the commonly used fertilization regimens. +HMloD1TQeE8-00135-00055044-00055458 Well then, that brings us back to the original question I posed, Is Tom Barr wrong? +HMloD1TQeE8-00136-00055458-00055632 Well yes and no. +HMloD1TQeE8-00137-00055632-00056176 While Liebig's law is an oversimplification, it also should be seen as a very useful approximation +HMloD1TQeE8-00138-00056176-00056367 of what's going on. +HMloD1TQeE8-00139-00056367-00056779 So if Tom Barr doesn't have it exactly right, what should we do about fertilization in the +HMloD1TQeE8-00140-00056779-00056879 planted tank? +HMloD1TQeE8-00141-00056879-00057466 Well, I would definitely stay away from the Redfield Ratio, but for the other two theories, +HMloD1TQeE8-00142-00057466-00057897 as long as you have an adequate supply of nutrients, CO2 and light, then all of this +HMloD1TQeE8-00143-00057897-00058279 controversy will stay away from your tank and be confined to the stacks in academic +HMloD1TQeE8-00144-00058279-00058412 libraries. +HMloD1TQeE8-00145-00058412-00058787 Which is exactly what Tom Barr has been advocating for over a decade. +HMloD1TQeE8-00146-00058787-00059575 So, pick a solid method, like EI or PPS, add light and CO2 and sit back and enjoy your +HMloD1TQeE8-00147-00059575-00059675 beautiful tanks. +HMloD1TQeE8-00148-00059675-00060097 And if someone asks you how you do it you could go into an overly complicated explanation +HMloD1TQeE8-00149-00060097-00060694 like I just gave you in this video OR, just nod and say, "why Liebig's law of the minimum +HMloD1TQeE8-00150-00060694-00063394 of course." +Hp91axyminy-00000-00000114-00000392 - Related to growth, especially exponential growth +Hp91axyminy-00001-00000392-00000539 is the idea of interests. +Hp91axyminy-00002-00000539-00000816 And we're going to introduce interest in this video, +Hp91axyminy-00003-00000816-00000983 and then in future videos, take a look +Hp91axyminy-00004-00000983-00001379 at annuities and loans, which is where it gets more interesting. +Hp91axyminy-00005-00001379-00001629 But first, we're just going to ask the question, +Hp91axyminy-00006-00001629-00002842 how do we calculate interest for an investment? +Hp91axyminy-00007-00003465-00003788 The idea is someone will pay you to invest your money with them. +Hp91axyminy-00008-00003788-00003929 If you put your money in the bank, +Hp91axyminy-00009-00003929-00004176 they will pay you interest to say thank you +Hp91axyminy-00010-00004176-00004348 for letting us hold onto your money, +Hp91axyminy-00011-00004348-00004578 probably because they're going to reinvest it elsewhere +Hp91axyminy-00012-00004578-00004707 for a higher rate. +Hp91axyminy-00013-00004707-00004950 But, in essence, you get paid money +Hp91axyminy-00014-00004950-00005172 to stick your money in an account, +Hp91axyminy-00015-00005172-00005358 and it gains money over time. +Hp91axyminy-00016-00005358-00005710 There's two types of interest you can earn. +Hp91axyminy-00017-00005710-00005998 And the first is called simple interest. +Hp91axyminy-00018-00006291-00006584 And the idea is that you will only +Hp91axyminy-00019-00006584-00007791 earn interest on the deposit or on the principal. +Hp91axyminy-00020-00008086-00008904 Or another way of saying that is the starting amount +Hp91axyminy-00021-00008904-00009102 of the investment. +Hp91axyminy-00022-00009102-00009534 And the formula that we have to calculate the simple interest +Hp91axyminy-00023-00009534-00009822 is a simple multiplication problem. +Hp91axyminy-00024-00009822-00010209 The amount of interest you earn is the initial money +Hp91axyminy-00025-00010209-00010761 that's put in times the interest rate times the amount of time. +Hp91axyminy-00026-00010761-00011100 And then we can find the final amount +Hp91axyminy-00027-00011100-00011481 by simply taking the principal amount +Hp91axyminy-00028-00011481-00011831 and adding the interest to it. +Hp91axyminy-00029-00011831-00011973 Another way of thinking about that +Hp91axyminy-00030-00011973-00012237 is since the interest is equal to that formula, +Hp91axyminy-00031-00012237-00012803 the principal amount plus the interest formula, which is Prt. +Hp91axyminy-00032-00012803-00012957 And then sometimes, you'll even see +Hp91axyminy-00033-00012957-00013425 that P sub 0, the principal amount, factored out, times 1 +Hp91axyminy-00034-00013425-00013743 plus the interest rate times time. +Hp91axyminy-00035-00013743-00013980 But most of the time, we'll use the first equation, +Hp91axyminy-00036-00013980-00014366 so the formula for interest, Prt, and then +Hp91axyminy-00037-00014366-00014547 to get the final amount in the account, +Hp91axyminy-00038-00014547-00014826 we'll add the principal to the interest. +Hp91axyminy-00039-00014826-00015162 And just to help us clarify as we're using this formula later, +Hp91axyminy-00040-00015162-00015468 let's define what each of these variables represents. +Hp91axyminy-00041-00015468-00016050 I is the interest that is earned on the account. +Hp91axyminy-00042-00016050-00016644 A is what we'll often call the future value of the account, +Hp91axyminy-00043-00016644-00017007 or the amount at the end. +Hp91axyminy-00044-00017450-00018202 The P sub 0 is often called the principal, or the starting +Hp91axyminy-00045-00018202-00018252 amount. +Hp91axyminy-00046-00018997-00019190 R, we've seen r before. +Hp91axyminy-00047-00019190-00019313 That is our interest rate. +Hp91axyminy-00048-00019684-00019896 And, of course, we never use percentages. +Hp91axyminy-00049-00019896-00020119 It's always going to be expressed as a decimal. +Hp91axyminy-00050-00020507-00021213 And finally, t, is the time, and it will always be in years. +Hp91axyminy-00051-00021213-00021761 And that's important, that the time is always in years. +Hp91axyminy-00052-00021761-00021914 So let's do one quick example. +Hp91axyminy-00053-00021914-00022027 It's an easy formula. +Hp91axyminy-00054-00022027-00022250 I think we only need to see one example where +Hp91axyminy-00055-00022250-00022668 we can use this formula. +Hp91axyminy-00056-00022668-00024621 Let's say a $500 investment earns 6% simple interest +Hp91axyminy-00057-00024621-00024708 for three months. +Hp91axyminy-00058-00025344-00025935 Using our formula, that interest is equal to P nought r times t. +Hp91axyminy-00059-00025935-00026181 We can calculate our interest, is that principle +Hp91axyminy-00060-00026181-00026757 of $500, times the rate, 6%, as a decimal +Hp91axyminy-00061-00026757-00027262 is 0.06, times the time, which is three months. +Hp91axyminy-00062-00027262-00027456 But don't forget, time needs to be in years, +Hp91axyminy-00063-00027456-00027936 so we'll divide by 12 to change those months into years. +Hp91axyminy-00064-00027936-00028170 And when we calculate that on our calculator, +Hp91axyminy-00065-00028170-00028692 we end up with $7.50 in interest has been earned on this +Hp91axyminy-00066-00028692-00028955 account. +Hp91axyminy-00067-00028955-00029088 So how much is in the account? +Hp91axyminy-00068-00029088-00029314 Well, it started with $500. +Hp91axyminy-00069-00029314-00029561 We add $750 in interest. +Hp91axyminy-00070-00029561-00030464 And now the account after three months has $507.50. +Hp91axyminy-00071-00030464-00030767 And that's kind of how simple interest works. +Hp91axyminy-00072-00030767-00031163 We just calculated that principal times the rate times +Hp91axyminy-00073-00031163-00031329 the time. +Hp91axyminy-00074-00031329-00031499 But the truth is, most investments +Hp91axyminy-00075-00031499-00031691 don't do simple interest. +Hp91axyminy-00076-00031691-00032012 They do something that's a little bit better. +Hp91axyminy-00077-00032012-00032292 It's called compound interest. +Hp91axyminy-00078-00032896-00033085 And the idea of compound interest +Hp91axyminy-00079-00033085-00033487 is you can earn interest on your interest. +Hp91axyminy-00080-00033871-00034570 The classic example is if you have $1,000 at 10%, +Hp91axyminy-00081-00034570-00034756 you're going to gain-- +Hp91axyminy-00082-00034756-00035353 10% of that's $100, so that next, you'll have $1,100. +Hp91axyminy-00083-00035353-00035677 But now, that $1,100 is at 10%. +Hp91axyminy-00084-00035677-00035896 You don't just earn 10% on the $1,000, +Hp91axyminy-00085-00035896-00036418 now you earn 10% on the 1,100, which is $110. +Hp91axyminy-00086-00036418-00037196 So now, you've got $1,210, and now all of that is at 10%. +Hp91axyminy-00087-00037196-00037831 Which means you'll gain $121, and you're at $1,331. +Hp91axyminy-00088-00037831-00038155 And then that will be at 10%. +Hp91axyminy-00089-00038155-00038320 And what's really neat to observe +Hp91axyminy-00090-00038320-00038842 is the first time you gain 100, the second time you gain 110, +Hp91axyminy-00091-00038842-00039079 the third time, you gain 121. +Hp91axyminy-00092-00039079-00039349 The amount you gain is growing every time. +Hp91axyminy-00093-00039349-00039658 So the interest is earning interest in future months, +Hp91axyminy-00094-00039658-00039964 and it grows faster. +Hp91axyminy-00095-00039964-00040237 So that's compound interest, and most accounts +Hp91axyminy-00096-00040237-00041521 work with compound interest and the formula where +Hp91axyminy-00097-00041521-00042292 we have the final amount is equal to the initial amount +Hp91axyminy-00098-00042292-00042673 times 1 plus the interest rate divided +Hp91axyminy-00099-00042673-00043237 by the number of compounds raised to the number of years +Hp91axyminy-00100-00043237-00043438 times the number of compounds. +Hp91axyminy-00101-00043438-00043990 And this becomes our second important formula for today. +Hp91axyminy-00102-00043990-00044284 Let's define each of these terms really quick. +Hp91axyminy-00103-00044284-00044512 First, the P sub n. +Hp91axyminy-00104-00044512-00045248 That is the future value of the account, or the final amount. +Hp91axyminy-00105-00045891-00046038 We also see the P sub 0. +Hp91axyminy-00106-00046038-00046155 We've seen that before. +Hp91axyminy-00107-00046155-00046705 It is the principal, or the starting amount. +Hp91axyminy-00108-00047597-00047737 We've seen r before. +Hp91axyminy-00109-00047737-00047858 That's the interest rate. +Hp91axyminy-00110-00048223-00048385 Of course, that interest rate needs +Hp91axyminy-00111-00048385-00048530 to be written as a decimal. +Hp91axyminy-00112-00049391-00049739 Our new variables are k and n. +Hp91axyminy-00113-00049739-00050721 k is the number of compounds per year. +Hp91axyminy-00114-00050721-00050903 In other words, how often in a year +Hp91axyminy-00115-00050903-00051232 are you going to earn interest? +Hp91axyminy-00116-00051232-00051805 And kind of as a side note, common compounds you'll see +Hp91axyminy-00117-00051805-00052686 is compounded maybe annually, which means k equals 1. +Hp91axyminy-00118-00052686-00053041 One time per year, you get your interest. +Hp91axyminy-00119-00053041-00053770 Semiannually, which means k is equal to 2. +Hp91axyminy-00120-00053770-00054279 Semi-annually means every six months, or twice a year. +Hp91axyminy-00121-00054279-00054805 Quarterly, you'll see k equals 4, +Hp91axyminy-00122-00054805-00055210 because there's four quarters in a year, three months each. +Hp91axyminy-00123-00055210-00055842 You'll see monthly, which is what most bank accounts do. +Hp91axyminy-00124-00055842-00056241 Their k is equal to 12, 12 months in a year. +Hp91axyminy-00125-00056241-00056623 And sometimes, you'll see daily, which +Hp91axyminy-00126-00056623-00056785 creates the most interest. +Hp91axyminy-00127-00056785-00057002 That's what you see on your student loans. +Hp91axyminy-00128-00057002-00057274 Most interest on your student loans, that's k +Hp91axyminy-00129-00057274-00057600 equals 365 per year. +Hp91axyminy-00130-00057995-00058066 So that's our k. +Hp91axyminy-00131-00058066-00058351 And then the other last variable, we've seen it before, +Hp91axyminy-00132-00058351-00059051 is N. N simply represents the number of years. +Hp91axyminy-00133-00059420-00059829 So let's take a look at a couple examples where we're using +Hp91axyminy-00134-00059829-00060028 the compound interest formula. +Hp91axyminy-00135-00060571-00062141 We're going to start with $3,000 invested at 6%, compounded +Hp91axyminy-00136-00062141-00062708 quarterly for five years. +Hp91axyminy-00137-00063348-00063623 So we've got our formula, that P sub n, +Hp91axyminy-00138-00063623-00064504 is equal to P sub 0 times 1 plus r over k, all to the k, nk. +Hp91axyminy-00139-00064504-00064751 Power? +Hp91axyminy-00140-00064751-00064985 We don't know the future amount of this investment. +Hp91axyminy-00141-00064985-00065199 That's what we're looking for. +Hp91axyminy-00142-00065199-00065714 But we're starting with $3,000 times 1 plus +Hp91axyminy-00143-00065714-00066095 the interest rate of 0.06, divided +Hp91axyminy-00144-00066095-00066301 by the number of compounds. +Hp91axyminy-00145-00066301-00066548 It says it's compounded quarterly, which +Hp91axyminy-00146-00066548-00066873 means four times per year. +Hp91axyminy-00147-00066873-00067256 N is the number of years, which is 5, times k, +Hp91axyminy-00148-00067256-00067725 which again, quarterly means four times per year. +Hp91axyminy-00149-00067725-00068006 We can just type this in our calculator exactly like it is. +Hp91axyminy-00150-00068006-00068189 The only thing we have to be careful of +Hp91axyminy-00151-00068189-00068594 is that exponent needs to go in parentheses so +Hp91axyminy-00152-00068594-00068813 that the calculator knows the entire thing is +Hp91axyminy-00153-00068813-00069071 in the exponent, not just the 5. +Hp91axyminy-00154-00069071-00069488 And when we do, we find out that this $3,000 +Hp91axyminy-00155-00069488-00070645 investment after five years has grown to $4,040.57. +Hp91axyminy-00156-00070645-00070835 That's pretty straightforward to find out +Hp91axyminy-00157-00070835-00071303 how much money is in the account after so much time. +Hp91axyminy-00158-00071303-00071801 But usually, we're interested in a very different question. +Hp91axyminy-00159-00071801-00073034 We're interested in the question of how much to invest now +Hp91axyminy-00160-00073034-00073476 to have a certain amount of money in the future, +Hp91axyminy-00161-00073476-00074377 Let's say we want to make a $5,000 purchase in three years. +Hp91axyminy-00162-00074377-00075113 That account's going to earn 10% compounded daily. +Hp91axyminy-00163-00075878-00076490 How much do we need now to have $5,000 in three years? +Hp91axyminy-00164-00076490-00076775 Well, we're still using the same formula +Hp91axyminy-00165-00076775-00077267 that we've been using with compound interest. +Hp91axyminy-00166-00077267-00077763 But this time, we know the 5,000 is the future value. +Hp91axyminy-00167-00077763-00077924 So it goes on the left, and we're +Hp91axyminy-00168-00077924-00078578 solving for the starting value, P sub 0, on the right. +Hp91axyminy-00169-00078578-00078722 We still have 1 plus r. +Hp91axyminy-00170-00078722-00079115 The interest rate was 10%, so 0.10, +Hp91axyminy-00171-00079115-00079263 Divided by the number of compounds. +Hp91axyminy-00172-00079263-00079479 It's compounded daily. +Hp91axyminy-00173-00079479-00079829 There are 365 days in a year. +Hp91axyminy-00174-00079829-00080204 3 years times the 365. +Hp91axyminy-00175-00080204-00080681 And remember that exponent needs to go in parentheses. +Hp91axyminy-00176-00080681-00080933 But this time, we can't just go for the calculator +Hp91axyminy-00177-00080933-00081326 because our variable is with a whole bunch of stuff. +Hp91axyminy-00178-00081326-00081746 It's multiplied by that parentheses. +Hp91axyminy-00179-00081746-00082183 So we'll solve by dividing by the parentheses, 1 plus 0.10, +Hp91axyminy-00180-00082183-00082763 divided by 365, raised to three times 365 power. +Hp91axyminy-00181-00082763-00083011 And, of course, we'll do it on both sides. +Hp91axyminy-00182-00083710-00084070 Exactly the same thing on both sides, +Hp91axyminy-00183-00084070-00084544 so that that parentheses on the right divides out. +Hp91axyminy-00184-00084544-00084703 And when we do this on our calculator, +Hp91axyminy-00185-00084703-00084913 again being careful of parentheses, +Hp91axyminy-00186-00084913-00085093 closing parentheses in the right place, +Hp91axyminy-00187-00085093-00085372 putting the entire exponent in parentheses, +Hp91axyminy-00188-00085372-00086221 we find $3,704.24 is required right now +Hp91axyminy-00189-00086221-00086731 to be invested at 10% compounded daily for three years +Hp91axyminy-00190-00086731-00087215 to have $5,000 in the account at the end. +Hp91axyminy-00191-00087215-00087499 So we're looking at two types of interest today. +Hp91axyminy-00192-00087499-00087727 In this video, we looked at compound interest in +Hp91axyminy-00193-00087727-00088006 and interest, where we took a lump sum of money +Hp91axyminy-00194-00088006-00088238 and put it in an account, and leave it there +Hp91axyminy-00195-00088238-00088363 for amount of time. +Hp91axyminy-00196-00088363-00088582 And we want to know how much is in the account +Hp91axyminy-00197-00088582-00088753 after that time passes. +Hp91axyminy-00198-00088753-00088873 Try a few on the homework. +Hp91axyminy-00199-00088873-00089069 Let me know if you have questions. +Hp91axyminy-00200-00089069-00089235 Good luck. +HpgKaS5QYnQ-00000-00000165-00000359 Hello, everybody. My name is Corin Haines +HpgKaS5QYnQ-00001-00000359-00000756 and I'm one of the co-leads on the Digital Skills project for NSLA. +HpgKaS5QYnQ-00002-00000756-00001444 First of all, as one of the co-leads I'd just like to really welcome you to to your day - to your digital skills day - +HpgKaS5QYnQ-00003-00001448-00002012 where we're looking at data. And I'm really excited to be able to do this session +HpgKaS5QYnQ-00004-00002012-00002506 just to talk a wee bit about what data is and what data and collections is and why that's important. +HpgKaS5QYnQ-00005-00002510-00003228 And I think you'll you'll discover - if you don't already know - that actually your libraries, all of our institutions, +HpgKaS5QYnQ-00006-00003228-00003868 are already doing amazing things with data and, in fact, have always been with data and used data. +HpgKaS5QYnQ-00007-00003872-00004384 So I'll spend a bit of time just talking to you about data and why it's important, and data collections +HpgKaS5QYnQ-00008-00004385-00005000 and then you'll get to have the rest of your day, you've got some really interesting speakers, both from within your institutions +HpgKaS5QYnQ-00009-00005025-00005605 as well as people like Michael Lascarides from the National Library of New Zealand, who will share with you a bit about what they're doing. +HpgKaS5QYnQ-00010-00005721-00006364 So what is data? Well, data is a number of things, but basically it's the information that we hold. +HpgKaS5QYnQ-00011-00006364-00006754 It's the factual information and it can be measurements, statistics. +HpgKaS5QYnQ-00012-00006818-00007387 It can also be things like information, that's gathered from electronic devices, like sensing devices. +HpgKaS5QYnQ-00013-00007460-00007807 And it can be information in numerical form as well. +HpgKaS5QYnQ-00014-00007866-00008352 And that can also be data about things that we hold, and libraries have traditionally held, +HpgKaS5QYnQ-00015-00008352-00008612 and we'll explore that in a minute. +HpgKaS5QYnQ-00016-00008768-00009244 So we're living in very much these days in what they call the data society +HpgKaS5QYnQ-00017-00009260-00009840 and that's a lot about the way that we treat data and the importance that we place on data. +HpgKaS5QYnQ-00018-00009840-00010064 However, this is not new. +HpgKaS5QYnQ-00019-00010064-00010516 If you look at the Romans, the Romans carried out the first census. +HpgKaS5QYnQ-00020-00010563-00010813 They were collecting data. And why were they collecting data? +HpgKaS5QYnQ-00021-00010856-00011344 They were collecting data because that data told them interesting things about their society. +HpgKaS5QYnQ-00022-00011375-00011929 And at that time, all that they had was the ability to collect that in an analog form and +HpgKaS5QYnQ-00023-00011978-00012602 work that through, have it written down and make certain decisions based on it. +HpgKaS5QYnQ-00024-00012632-00012938 We know we can do a lot more with that data now, digitally, +HpgKaS5QYnQ-00025-00012978-00013274 but it's basically the same concepts, whether you're working out +HpgKaS5QYnQ-00026-00013274-00013666 how many people live in an area and therefore how much you should get in taxes, +HpgKaS5QYnQ-00027-00013666-00014190 or whether you're looking at your collections and the things that you hold, and what that tells you, +HpgKaS5QYnQ-00028-00014190-00014500 and what that tells you about how people are using your collections, etc., +HpgKaS5QYnQ-00029-00014524-00014724 and we'll start to look at that in a minute. +HpgKaS5QYnQ-00030-00014830-00015450 We're data rich and we're also data crazy. We're surrounded by data, our lives are overtaken by data: +HpgKaS5QYnQ-00031-00015466-00016291 digital music, documents and ebooks, GPS data, social media activity, loyalty card schemes... +HpgKaS5QYnQ-00032-00016312-00016736 All these things, everything that you're doing, is creating data. Your personal sensors - +HpgKaS5QYnQ-00033-00016736-00017220 I imagine that some of you are wearing Fitbits, Apple watches, +HpgKaS5QYnQ-00034-00017220-00017670 you've got a cell phone in your pocket - all of these things, they're actually collecting data as you go. +HpgKaS5QYnQ-00035-00017670-00018263 And some of that you are actively, personally collecting and you know you're collecting it because you're tracking what you're doing. +HpgKaS5QYnQ-00036-00018316-00018904 All of those different data sources which are around us and are being gathered more and more, +HpgKaS5QYnQ-00037-00018904-00019520 are rich and interesting but also, potentially, can form the parts of collections of data - data sets - +HpgKaS5QYnQ-00038-00019576-00020140 which are brought together and enable us to actually analyse and interact with that data in different ways, +HpgKaS5QYnQ-00039-00020140-00020330 and learn different things. +HpgKaS5QYnQ-00040-00020514-00020972 So libraries. Libraries are full of data, and I've used this picture of Lego blocks +HpgKaS5QYnQ-00041-00020973-00021254 just because of the sheer enormity of what's there. +HpgKaS5QYnQ-00042-00021254-00021669 And in some ways the data that we've got in libraries is very much like this. +HpgKaS5QYnQ-00043-00021682-00022110 We've got large collections of data, whether that be within +HpgKaS5QYnQ-00044-00022183-00022788 physical items that we hold as well as the information on those physical items, and then digital items. +HpgKaS5QYnQ-00045-00022822-00023154 And for a large part of it, we've never really +HpgKaS5QYnQ-00046-00023218-00023690 known what to do or had the ability to do much with that data about the data. +HpgKaS5QYnQ-00047-00023710-00024284 And now we are moving in libraries into a space where we can use that data about collections more. +HpgKaS5QYnQ-00048-00024300-00025076 We can use the same principles of collecting data from personal sensors and GPS and those sorts of things, +HpgKaS5QYnQ-00049-00025076-00025658 to actually learn more about the information and data we hold, and the richness of it. +HpgKaS5QYnQ-00050-00025658-00026301 A little later on you'll hear Michael Lascarides talk about the different stars that relate to different types of +HpgKaS5QYnQ-00051-00026374-00026800 making data available and interacting with it, and the five stars which he talks about +HpgKaS5QYnQ-00052-00026826-00027070 which is when you really start to link that data. +HpgKaS5QYnQ-00053-00027088-00027604 And that is a huge part of the opportunity in terms of collections data that libraries hold +HpgKaS5QYnQ-00054-00027624-00028104 and the ways that we might start to actually really leverage that both for our own institutions, +HpgKaS5QYnQ-00055-00028150-00028660 for other institutions, but also for people and how they seek to +HpgKaS5QYnQ-00056-00028672-00029439 understand and use that data and that information that we hold, normally on their behalf. +HpgKaS5QYnQ-00057-00029500-00030130 So why is it important? Well the first way that it's important - collections data is important - for libraries +HpgKaS5QYnQ-00058-00030130-00030842 is really about what we know about our collections, and very much I see this is as three views. +HpgKaS5QYnQ-00059-00030850-00031245 I think the very traditional and first view is a one-dimensional view +HpgKaS5QYnQ-00060-00031245-00031786 and that was really we always had informational data about what we had and where it was, +HpgKaS5QYnQ-00061-00031786-00032283 and that enabled people to find that thing - that item - and borrow it or read it. +HpgKaS5QYnQ-00062-00032374-00032813 We then progressed to a, like, a two-dimensional view, where we started to get more data on it. +HpgKaS5QYnQ-00063-00032813-00033449 So we start to use things like how old is the item and how often is it being used, and that can start to allow us +HpgKaS5QYnQ-00064-00033450-00033891 to make decisions about our collection, about do we hold something, do you hold onto something, +HpgKaS5QYnQ-00065-00033925-00034430 how valuable is it and should we keep all the copies that we've got, those sorts of things. +HpgKaS5QYnQ-00066-00034440-00034866 And then we've got the three-dimensional view, which is how all that fits together +HpgKaS5QYnQ-00067-00034866-00035422 to tell us patterns about our collection and what they're doing, and, potentially, +HpgKaS5QYnQ-00068-00035422-00035944 how popular certain types of things are in our collection to help us build our collections more, +HpgKaS5QYnQ-00069-00035944-00036516 as well as understanding trends and patterns about the sorts of information that we hold +HpgKaS5QYnQ-00070-00036516-00036704 that people might want to use. +HpgKaS5QYnQ-00071-00036724-00037258 And all of that really does contribute to us making smarter business decisions +HpgKaS5QYnQ-00072-00037258-00037704 about our libraries, and justifying business cases and those sorts of things. +HpgKaS5QYnQ-00073-00037777-00038219 Making us more nimble and also potentially more relevant for our communities. +HpgKaS5QYnQ-00074-00038219-00038621 And this is something which I don't think libraries have necessarily always been +HpgKaS5QYnQ-00075-00038724-00039144 as good at as they could have been, or should have been. +HpgKaS5QYnQ-00076-00039144-00039854 The ability to understand what they've got, but also to use the sorts of intelligences that, that libraries have. +HpgKaS5QYnQ-00077-00039912-00040518 And libraries with large numbers of people who fundamentally work with data on a daily basis +HpgKaS5QYnQ-00078-00040540-00040924 to actually become experts and greater experts at using that data +HpgKaS5QYnQ-00079-00040943-00041350 to tell them information about their own collections and what they do. +HpgKaS5QYnQ-00080-00041606-00042332 So we're data wizards, and that gives us the ability to interact +HpgKaS5QYnQ-00081-00042336-00042918 with the information about our collections, but it also gives us the ability to do far more. +HpgKaS5QYnQ-00082-00042998-00043878 So then we start to think about the fact that we've got more data on the data, that we know often as information. +HpgKaS5QYnQ-00083-00043940-00044232 So we've got the intelligence about the information that we hold +HpgKaS5QYnQ-00084-00044232-00044698 and that might tell us about something like, how many green books were published in 1941. +HpgKaS5QYnQ-00085-00044698-00045050 And, on the face of it, maybe that's not very interesting. +HpgKaS5QYnQ-00086-00045050-00045722 But maybe if we knew that information and we also knew that in 1941 +HpgKaS5QYnQ-00087-00045728-00046162 the colour green was actually an easier colour to produce than many other colours +HpgKaS5QYnQ-00088-00046162-00046564 because of the fact that some of the other chemicals to produce colours were being used in munitions, +HpgKaS5QYnQ-00089-00046598-00046980 then that might start to become more interesting, and maybe that's information that we haven't had before. +HpgKaS5QYnQ-00090-00047056-00047700 That's not a true fact by the way, but it's the sort of thing that you can play with, +HpgKaS5QYnQ-00091-00047704-00048268 or data that you can start to understand which we didn't have access to before, +HpgKaS5QYnQ-00092-00048272-00048734 before we had the sorts of access to data that we have today. +HpgKaS5QYnQ-00093-00048802-00049334 And it's the data we didn't know we had, the sort of data that digital humanities, that public historians, +HpgKaS5QYnQ-00094-00049336-00049744 digital historians, data-driven journalism is interested in. +HpgKaS5QYnQ-00095-00049744-00050342 The sorts of things where they're actually seeking to plug the types of information that we hold +HpgKaS5QYnQ-00096-00050342-00050542 and interact with it in different ways. +HpgKaS5QYnQ-00097-00050542-00051132 And then there's the data sets, so the data sets that we hold, so pieces of raw data +HpgKaS5QYnQ-00098-00051132-00051878 which people are depositing with us so that they can then interpret later and +HpgKaS5QYnQ-00099-00051891-00052446 know where the stuff is stored, know how to find it and then interpret it. +HpgKaS5QYnQ-00100-00052446-00053112 And this is a crucial thing for libraries and for many types of libraries where large quantities of data +HpgKaS5QYnQ-00101-00053112-00053791 are now being deposited so that they can then be used and then reused to create new data +HpgKaS5QYnQ-00102-00053791-00054105 by crunching that data and finding out new facts. +HpgKaS5QYnQ-00103-00054105-00054732 So we can take, we can take data which has been stored as a data set and allow somebody +HpgKaS5QYnQ-00104-00054732-00055144 to create new types of data which can then also be stored and reused. +HpgKaS5QYnQ-00105-00055144-00055986 And so it becomes a cycle of data being created, used, interpreted and new data being created from it. +HpgKaS5QYnQ-00106-00055986-00056605 and that's a really exciting potential for libraries as they seek to think about how they interact in a digital world. +HpgKaS5QYnQ-00107-00056876-00057418 So libraries have the ability to help others to help themselves, so this is not about our data +HpgKaS5QYnQ-00108-00057428-00057732 but about the data that they're looking for that maybe we hold. +HpgKaS5QYnQ-00109-00057732-00058228 So we can help data researchers who are looking for data, and we can help people who are looking for information. +HpgKaS5QYnQ-00110-00058289-00058783 And we can help people understand the potential of the data that's out there and how they can realise it +HpgKaS5QYnQ-00111-00058836-00059242 so that they can both discover more, but also enhance their lives. +HpgKaS5QYnQ-00112-00059364-00059924 And of course we've got more data. Which is being born in bits and bytes, so digital data. +HpgKaS5QYnQ-00113-00059924-00060496 So this is digital data and digital information about that data. So we've got more information, +HpgKaS5QYnQ-00114-00060496-00061046 we've got more information being stored in libraries in digital form, we've got more access to that information, +HpgKaS5QYnQ-00115-00061046-00061441 and then we've got different ways of interacting with this primary source. +HpgKaS5QYnQ-00116-00061469-00062071 So where often in the past the data that libraries have been creating is a secondary data in some ways - +HpgKaS5QYnQ-00117-00062072-00062736 it's the data about a physical item - we now have the ability also to be storehouses +HpgKaS5QYnQ-00118-00062736-00063408 of primary digital data and making it available for research, interpretation and reuse. +HpgKaS5QYnQ-00119-00063410-00063805 And I think this is one of the really interesting opportunities for libraries +HpgKaS5QYnQ-00120-00063805-00064500 and one of the reasons why the Digital Skills group was very keen on this being explored as part of digital skills. +HpgKaS5QYnQ-00121-00064500-00065054 So there's a number of ways that libraries actually start to interact with this. +HpgKaS5QYnQ-00122-00065054-00065630 We can help people find the data sets. We can give them instruction and technical assistance about using it. +HpgKaS5QYnQ-00123-00065660-00066172 We also apply our collection management and development about collecting those data sets +HpgKaS5QYnQ-00124-00066172-00066324 so they will be available. +HpgKaS5QYnQ-00125-00066324-00066806 And then we also have to think about the preservation of that data, and how that data is shared. +HpgKaS5QYnQ-00126-00066908-00067620 All of that collection and all of that earlier stuff is pointless if the data isn't available into the future +HpgKaS5QYnQ-00127-00067620-00068208 in the same ways that we care and preserve for physical items and have done for many years in libraries. +HpgKaS5QYnQ-00128-00068222-00068764 And so we basically seek to apply the same principles as libraries have always applied +HpgKaS5QYnQ-00129-00068793-00069044 but to data in the digital sense. +HpgKaS5QYnQ-00130-00069168-00069750 So the future. We know that we are in a society that's going to have a greater reliance on data, +HpgKaS5QYnQ-00131-00069750-00070066 and we know that libraries will have greater collections of data, +HpgKaS5QYnQ-00132-00070066-00070552 and we know that there are new ways of collecting, curating and accessing that data, +HpgKaS5QYnQ-00133-00070552-00071144 and I think that positions libraries in a really good space as key collectors, access points, trainers +HpgKaS5QYnQ-00134-00071144-00071920 and interpreters of that data, and ensures, if libraries make sure that they have the skills capacity, the staff +HpgKaS5QYnQ-00135-00071920-00072434 and the interest to work in this area, that there's a very strong future for libraries working in this space, +HpgKaS5QYnQ-00136-00072434-00072724 as well as some of the more traditional spaces of collecting. +HpgKaS5QYnQ-00137-00072764-00073168 So I hope you have a great day. I hope the discussion in your libraries is a rich one, +HpgKaS5QYnQ-00138-00073230-00073864 and I look forward to hearing the feedback from these sessions across Australia and in New Zealand. +HpgKaS5QYnQ-00139-00073864-00073940 Thank you. +HRM6rz8bitg-00000-00000000-00000200 Marble Run Race ☆ Wooden Slope +HVhO2fFJx5o-00000-00002645-00002754 Would you like some water? +HVhO2fFJx5o-00001-00002960-00003004 Ma’am, +HVhO2fFJx5o-00002-00003128-00003240 would you like some water? +HVhO2fFJx5o-00003-00003841-00004083 Geeta, what’s the update on the two passengers who are yet to board? +HVhO2fFJx5o-00004-00004157-00004310 Sir they just got done with the boarding; +HVhO2fFJx5o-00005-00004310-00004406 They'll be here any moment. +HVhO2fFJx5o-00006-00004550-00004604 Okay,fine. +HVhO2fFJx5o-00007-00004617-00004762 Meanwhile get me some ice please. +HVhO2fFJx5o-00008-00009754-00009994 The glow on your face proves +HVhO2fFJx5o-00009-00010022-00010329 that you've been immune to the materialistic desires of the cruel world. +HVhO2fFJx5o-00010-00010564-00010806 Only fortunate people get this kind of an opportunity +HVhO2fFJx5o-00011-00010841-00011000 But what you are about to do today is +HVhO2fFJx5o-00012-00011000-00011205 an opportunity that only people chosen by god get. +HVhO2fFJx5o-00013-00011205-00011283 God be pleased. +HVhO2fFJx5o-00014-00011398-00011504 Remember this. +HVhO2fFJx5o-00015-00011504-00011704 The whole world’s one and only religion,Islam . +HVhO2fFJx5o-00016-00011857-00012041 The whole world’s one and only God, Allah. +HVhO2fFJx5o-00017-00012288-00012542 We are the god willed protectors of this religion. +HVhO2fFJx5o-00018-00012627-00013113 The impious disbelievers of our religion shall be extirpated. +HVhO2fFJx5o-00019-00015854-00015962 Son of a mad person, +HVhO2fFJx5o-00020-00016078-00016256 you are exactly like your father. +HVhO2fFJx5o-00021-00017035-00017136 Its 3: pm +HVhO2fFJx5o-00022-00017262-00017545 Half an hour later, i.e. at 3:30 pm +HVhO2fFJx5o-00023-00017585-00017794 This plane will land in Delhi. +HVhO2fFJx5o-00024-00017917-00018032 We will get down, +HVhO2fFJx5o-00025-00018100-00018238 but this half vacant flight +HVhO2fFJx5o-00026-00018286-00018526 will get occupied with the passengers traveling to Kashmir. +HVhO2fFJx5o-00027-00018626-00018929 There is an hour’s halt in Delhi. +HVhO2fFJx5o-00028-00018988-00019492 At 4:30 pm, this plane will fly from Delhi to Srinagar. +HVhO2fFJx5o-00029-00019605-00019930 15 minutes following the take off, +HVhO2fFJx5o-00030-00020028-00020250 i.e. at 4:45 pm +HVhO2fFJx5o-00031-00020317-00020468 This plane will not remain as it is, +HVhO2fFJx5o-00032-00020593-00020912 In fact it will become a heap of ash +HVhO2fFJx5o-00033-00020956-00021187 accumulating the blood soaked dead bodies of the people. +HVhO2fFJx5o-00034-00021876-00021989 Our well wishers +HVhO2fFJx5o-00035-00022077-00022318 have fitted the bomb at the right place. +HVhO2fFJx5o-00036-00022473-00022843 Our work starts now. +HVhO2fFJx5o-00037-00022914-00023432 Fix the timer of 1 hour 45 minutes from now. +HVhO2fFJx5o-00038-00023565-00023958 Go and make the right use of your education. +HVhO2fFJx5o-00039-00025833-00026108 At 4:45 pm, +HVhO2fFJx5o-00040-00026108-00026308 this plane will not remain as it is +HVhO2fFJx5o-00041-00026308-00026697 In fact it will become a heap of ash +HVhO2fFJx5o-00042-00026697-00026897 accumulating the blood soaked dead bodies of the people. +HVhO2fFJx5o-00043-00026933-00027070 It is matter of happiness +HVhO2fFJx5o-00044-00027129-00027393 that you are concerned about the well being of your people +HVhO2fFJx5o-00045-00027427-00027593 But remember one thing, +HVhO2fFJx5o-00046-00027669-00027892 It is definitely a doom’s day for everyone here +HVhO2fFJx5o-00047-00028005-00028169 but for him +HVhO2fFJx5o-00048-00028385-00028726 it is a Martyrs' day and not a day of death. +HVhO2fFJx5o-00049-00028833-00028989 It took you so many years +HVhO2fFJx5o-00050-00029086-00029301 to reach this stage, +HVhO2fFJx5o-00051-00029364-00029733 God’s grace has fallen upon him. +HVhO2fFJx5o-00052-00029776-00029998 As it is us who is fighting, +HVhO2fFJx5o-00053-00030018-00030347 but it is him who is fortunate to attain martyrdom. +HVhO2fFJx5o-00054-00032400-00032479 What happened, janaab? +HVhO2fFJx5o-00055-00032651-00032929 We were supposed to land in Delhi at 3:30 +HVhO2fFJx5o-00056-00032954-00033172 But the sky outside is filled with clouds only. +HVhO2fFJx5o-00057-00033313-00033466 Must be traffic of the fog. +HVhO2fFJx5o-00058-00033835-00033966 Good evening passengers, +HVhO2fFJx5o-00059-00033966-00034154 this is pilot Sanjay Kapoor +HVhO2fFJx5o-00060-00034154-00034272 We regret to inform you +HVhO2fFJx5o-00061-00034272-00034472 that the flight has been delayed by one hour +HVhO2fFJx5o-00062-00034472-00034592 due to low visibility. +HVhO2fFJx5o-00063-00034602-00034812 We apologize for the inconvenience caused +HVhO2fFJx5o-00064-00034829-00035122 We will keep you updated regarding any further delays. +HVhO2fFJx5o-00065-00035145-00035433 Thank you for flying with WBE Airlines. +HVhO2fFJx5o-00066-00035708-00035829 Its 3:45, +HVhO2fFJx5o-00067-00035881-00036097 one hour delay means 4:45 +HVhO2fFJx5o-00068-00036124-00036297 That time we will also be in the plane. +HVhO2fFJx5o-00069-00036383-00036500 What should we do now, janaab? +HVhO2fFJx5o-00070-00036525-00036697 Can you change the timer on the bomb? +HVhO2fFJx5o-00071-00036921-00037009 Then what can you do? +HVhO2fFJx5o-00072-00037009-00037057 Diffuse. +HVhO2fFJx5o-00073-00037057-00037158 Don't even think about it. +HVhO2fFJx5o-00074-00037186-00037289 What do you mean? +HVhO2fFJx5o-00075-00038395-00038541 The time has come, Faqruddin, +HVhO2fFJx5o-00076-00038721-00038819 The god has showered his grace +HVhO2fFJx5o-00077-00038900-00039051 upon us also. +HVhO2fFJx5o-00078-00039097-00039180 All of a sudden? +HVhO2fFJx5o-00079-00039226-00039345 In what way has he showered? +HVhO2fFJx5o-00080-00039348-00039427 Keep quiet. +HVhO2fFJx5o-00081-00041304-00041545 But janaab, I am not prepared for this. +HVhO2fFJx5o-00082-00041568-00041723 I did not fill the form for this. +HVhO2fFJx5o-00083-00041723-00041932 Unrighteous, Idiot +HVhO2fFJx5o-00084-00041956-00042112 Who are you to be prepared or not? +HVhO2fFJx5o-00085-00042154-00042403 For so many years I raised you, +HVhO2fFJx5o-00086-00042444-00042598 Gave you the real Islamic education, +HVhO2fFJx5o-00087-00042613-00042740 To hear this? +HVhO2fFJx5o-00088-00043826-00043925 Captain... +HVhO2fFJx5o-00089-00044420-00044770 I have been prepared to save Islam, to commit jihad. +HVhO2fFJx5o-00090-00044773-00044904 Not for an untimely death +HVhO2fFJx5o-00091-00044922-00045064 Stop this rubbish. +HVhO2fFJx5o-00092-00045078-00045264 I don’t have the knowledge of time, +HVhO2fFJx5o-00093-00045285-00045425 and you think you do? +HVhO2fFJx5o-00094-00045441-00045770 Only God has control over time. +HVhO2fFJx5o-00095-00047486-00047546 What's the time? +HVhO2fFJx5o-00096-00047685-00047753 It's four. +HVhO2fFJx5o-00097-00047805-00048016 Geeta says it will explode at 4:45. +HVhO2fFJx5o-00098-00048069-00048172 We can still do something. +HVhO2fFJx5o-00099-00048205-00048298 Can we try Jaipur? +HVhO2fFJx5o-00100-00048360-00048589 Sir we are not authorized for auto landing today. +HVhO2fFJx5o-00101-00048589-00048798 We need minimum 500 meters of visibility. +HVhO2fFJx5o-00102-00048827-00049074 And Jaipur has just 50 meters of visibility. +HVhO2fFJx5o-00103-00049149-00049289 We can’t do manual landing. +HVhO2fFJx5o-00104-00049308-00049516 But nor can we sit idle. +HVhO2fFJx5o-00105-00049564-00049852 In the worst case scenario we will have to go for manual landing. +HVhO2fFJx5o-00106-00049885-00050061 And I’m ready to take that responsibility. +HVhO2fFJx5o-00107-00050134-00050219 Fine sir, +HVhO2fFJx5o-00108-00050321-00050518 I don't see any other option either. +HVhO2fFJx5o-00109-00050657-00050793 There is one option. +HVhO2fFJx5o-00110-00050854-00050958 Let me try. +HVhO2fFJx5o-00111-00051020-00051208 Janaab, as it is this plane is half empty. +HVhO2fFJx5o-00112-00051251-00051405 How will we confront the almighty? +HVhO2fFJx5o-00113-00051405-00051666 How many disbelievers did we kill?30? 40? +HVhO2fFJx5o-00114-00051701-00051896 You can’t even count more than that. +HVhO2fFJx5o-00115-00051966-00052228 If we live, we can kill 30 to 40 thousand people later. +HVhO2fFJx5o-00116-00052228-00052229 God be praised. If we live, we can kill 30 to 40 thousand people later. +HVhO2fFJx5o-00117-00052229-00052301 God be praised. +HVhO2fFJx5o-00118-00052644-00052837 You can fool your own self, +HVhO2fFJx5o-00119-00052961-00053040 But not me. +HVhO2fFJx5o-00120-00053538-00053617 Hello everyone, +HVhO2fFJx5o-00121-00053754-00053891 I’m Captain Sanjay Kapoor, +HVhO2fFJx5o-00122-00053940-00054066 the pilot of this flight. +HVhO2fFJx5o-00123-00054163-00054363 First of all I would like to apologize +HVhO2fFJx5o-00124-00054363-00054534 for all the inconvenience caused to you. +HVhO2fFJx5o-00125-00054534-00054641 Sir is there any problem? +HVhO2fFJx5o-00126-00054641-00054851 Problem… yes, there is a problem. +HVhO2fFJx5o-00127-00054851-00055094 But please don’t worry, +HVhO2fFJx5o-00128-00055094-00055229 we will find a solution to the problem. +HVhO2fFJx5o-00129-00055229-00055429 Why have you gathered us all here? +HVhO2fFJx5o-00130-00055451-00055586 We are business class passengers. +HVhO2fFJx5o-00131-00055592-00055835 I am aware sir that you all have many questions, +HVhO2fFJx5o-00132-00055870-00056092 But this is not the time to answer your questions. +HVhO2fFJx5o-00133-00056154-00056304 Right now I need your help. +HVhO2fFJx5o-00134-00056410-00056642 Is anyone amongst us an engineer? +HVhO2fFJx5o-00135-00056694-00056767 One minute sir, +HVhO2fFJx5o-00136-00056825-00056948 As the passengers of this flight +HVhO2fFJx5o-00137-00056948-00057148 we deserve to know +HVhO2fFJx5o-00138-00057148-00057304 if there is any problem on this flight or not. +HVhO2fFJx5o-00139-00057309-00057547 (Chaos amongst passengers) +HVhO2fFJx5o-00140-00057597-00057764 Cool down guys,cool down. +HVhO2fFJx5o-00141-00057764-00057954 Tell us,yes tell us. +HVhO2fFJx5o-00142-00057954-00058133 Please guys do not panic. +HVhO2fFJx5o-00143-00058133-00058352 I’m repeating, do not panic. +HVhO2fFJx5o-00144-00058352-00058567 Because what I am about to tell you, +HVhO2fFJx5o-00145-00058567-00058805 might just scare you. +HVhO2fFJx5o-00146-00058948-00059166 But I would like to ensure +HVhO2fFJx5o-00147-00059166-00059402 that we do have another option. +HVhO2fFJx5o-00148-00059400-00059537 Plan B is also there. +HVhO2fFJx5o-00149-00059541-00059676 We are all safe. +HVhO2fFJx5o-00150-00059901-00060026 And the reality is that , +HVhO2fFJx5o-00151-00060178-00060412 There is a bomb in this plane. +HVhO2fFJx5o-00152-00060417-00060533 (Chaos amongst passengers) +HVhO2fFJx5o-00153-00060539-00060640 It's a live bomb. +HVhO2fFJx5o-00154-00060649-00060816 I want to know +HVhO2fFJx5o-00155-00060816-00061016 if we have an engineer amongst us, +HVhO2fFJx5o-00156-00061016-00061261 who can diffuse this bomb then please help us. +HVhO2fFJx5o-00157-00061450-00061690 I would like to ask once again, +HVhO2fFJx5o-00158-00061736-00061878 Is there any engineer on board? +HVhO2fFJx5o-00159-00061884-00062182 This plane has a bomb and you are asking us to be quiet? +HVhO2fFJx5o-00160-00062182-00062282 I have two kids. +HVhO2fFJx5o-00161-00062296-00062673 (Chaos amongst passengers) +HVhO2fFJx5o-00162-00062673-00062789 Quiet guys, quiet. +HVhO2fFJx5o-00163-00062801-00062989 I am also married, I also have kids. +HVhO2fFJx5o-00164-00063011-00063125 I also want to live. +HVhO2fFJx5o-00165-00063285-00063523 But it is my primary responsibility... +HVhO2fFJx5o-00166-00063523-00063770 to think about your security. +HVhO2fFJx5o-00167-00063770-00063876 And that is exactly what I am doing. +HVhO2fFJx5o-00168-00063876-00064076 I am trying to do my best +HVhO2fFJx5o-00169-00064076-00064174 to secure you guys. +HVhO2fFJx5o-00170-00064242-00064420 And for that I need your help. +HVhO2fFJx5o-00171-00064420-00064620 Anyone on this plane +HVhO2fFJx5o-00172-00064620-00065032 who has the technical know how to diffuse the bomb, +HVhO2fFJx5o-00173-00065032-00065187 Please come forward. +HVhO2fFJx5o-00174-00066171-00066290 Are you sure you... +HVhO2fFJx5o-00175-00066510-00066618 will you be able to do this? +HVhO2fFJx5o-00176-00066899-00067146 A bomb is packed with a mixture of Potassium nitrate, +HVhO2fFJx5o-00177-00067145-00067441 charcoal, sulphur, Ammonium nitrate, along with a timer, +HVhO2fFJx5o-00178-00067441-00067576 Detonator and a battery. +HVhO2fFJx5o-00179-00067576-00067686 To disarm the bomb +HVhO2fFJx5o-00180-00067686-00067915 we need to stop the blasting cap from pressurizing. +HVhO2fFJx5o-00181-00067915-00068115 By carefully cutting the wire connected to the battery. +HVhO2fFJx5o-00182-00068153-00068293 Fracturing the electrical circuit, +HVhO2fFJx5o-00183-00068293-00068381 Halting the current flow, +HVhO2fFJx5o-00184-00068381-00068581 Stopping the timer, deactivating the bomb. +HVhO2fFJx5o-00185-00069261-00069388 Come, come quickly. +HVhO2fFJx5o-00186-00071333-00071537 Janaab, if you are here then who is flying the plane? +HVhO2fFJx5o-00187-00071540-00071838 Autopilot is there, co-pilot is there. +HVhO2fFJx5o-00188-00071881-00072182 Concentrate on your work please. +HVhO2fFJx5o-00189-00072250-00072382 I was just confirming. +HVhO2fFJx5o-00190-00076001-00076188 He has done it! +HVhO2fFJx5o-00191-00077729-00078120 I feel peace in these moments. +HVhO2fFJx5o-00192-00078120-00078404 Let me live in these moments. +HVhO2fFJx5o-00193-00079243-00079502 I feel peace in these moments . +HVhO2fFJx5o-00194-00079529-00079930 What is the real meaning of jihad? +HVhO2fFJx5o-00195-00079934-00080352 Has been taught to us by God. +HVhO2fFJx5o-00196-00080379-00080758 Have attained a new obsession. +HVhO2fFJx5o-00197-00080820-00081379 I have become a protector. +HVhO2fFJx5o-00198-00081413-00081637 Just like you I also had a young son. +HVhO2fFJx5o-00199-00081731-00082038 I was about to meet him for the last time today. +HVhO2fFJx5o-00200-00082114-00083066 The time has stood still. +HVhO2fFJx5o-00201-00083066-00083906 There is finally light. +HVhO2fFJx5o-00202-00083906-00084771 The time has stood still. +HVhO2fFJx5o-00203-00084771-00085564 There is finally light. +HVhO2fFJx5o-00204-00085569-00085848 During nights I find mornings. +HVhO2fFJx5o-00205-00085848-00086097 Today the blessings of god are showering on you. +HVhO2fFJx5o-00206-00086222-00086409 You have committed jihad. +HVhO2fFJx5o-00207-00086414-00086702 You have gotten the chance of jihad. +HVhO2fFJx5o-00208-00086702-00087201 Knowingly unknowingly we have won. +HVhO2fFJx5o-00209-00087201-00088478 We have won. +HVhO2fFJx5o-00210-00088478-00089026 We have won… +HVhO2fFJx5o-00211-00089621-00089777 The amount of love I received in that plane, +HVhO2fFJx5o-00212-00089805-00089985 If I would have gotten the same from you all... +HVhO2fFJx5o-00213-00089985-00090097 Then I would have achieved great heights. +HVhO2fFJx5o-00214-00090194-00090277 That’s why... +HVhO2fFJx5o-00215-00090426-00090715 One stop solution for all the sins and sinners of the world +HVhO2fFJx5o-00216-00090900-00090970 From today +HVhO2fFJx5o-00217-00091042-00091115 From now +HVhO2fFJx5o-00218-00091175-00091316 Five times of namaz +HVhO2fFJx5o-00219-00091341-00091454 And every year’s roze +HVhO2fFJx5o-00220-00091479-00091675 Zakat and sadaqah (Islamic rituals) +HVhO2fFJx5o-00221-00091726-00091900 All, for humanity +HVhO2fFJx5o-00222-00092158-00092436 Janaab, today you can't stop me from doing that. +HVhO2fFJx5o-00223-00092529-00092577 What? +HVhO2fFJx5o-00224-00093646-00094050 We have won +HVhO2fFJx5o-00225-00094080-00095102 We have won +HVhO2fFJx5o-00226-00095291-00095467 This is what jihad is. +HVhO2fFJx5o-00227-00095467-00096298 The time has stood still +HVhO2fFJx5o-00228-00096298-00097094 There is finally light +HVhO2fFJx5o-00229-00097094-00097880 During nights I find mornings +HVhO2fFJx5o-00230-00097940-00098726 Knowingly unknowingly we have won +HVhO2fFJx5o-00231-00098747-00099115 We have won +HVhO2fFJx5o-00232-00099184-00100371 We have won +HVhO2fFJx5o-00233-00100371-00100627 This is what jihad is +HYa4b-93d9o-00000-00000196-00000898 Hello and welcome to another YAWL tutorial. So today we are going to talk about the OR +HYa4b-93d9o-00001-00000898-00001762 split. The OR split is one of three splits in YAWL and it allows us to choose one or more +HYa4b-93d9o-00002-00001762-00002800 of the subsequent branches. We will start with a very simple example in an Italian restaurant +HYa4b-93d9o-00003-00002800-00003454 an automatic ordering process and we have already prepared the YAWL specification +HYa4b-93d9o-00004-00003454-00004039 for you and you can find this down in the link to the supplementary material. Yeah, +HYa4b-93d9o-00005-00004039-00004948 so let's dig into it! On the screen I have already opened the control center which is in the left +HYa4b-93d9o-00006-00004948-00005623 corner on top. The YAWL engine is running and so is the resource service and on the bottom, you +HYa4b-93d9o-00007-00005623-00006355 can see the YAWL editor which is connected to the engine and the resource service. You can see that +HYa4b-93d9o-00008-00006355-00007513 by these green checkmarks and on the top right, we have a folder with a supplementary material +HYa4b-93d9o-00009-00007513-00008830 which you can find down in the link below. So we also see the ordering restaurant XSD file which +HYa4b-93d9o-00010-00008830-00009481 is there which is already incorporated in the tutorial 8 .yawl file. So what I'll do now is, +HYa4b-93d9o-00011-00009481-00010483 I'll drag and drop this file into the YAWL editor and you can see that some parts of it are already +HYa4b-93d9o-00012-00010483-00011449 edited so we'll build on that and later on we will deploy that and we will use the YAWL control +HYa4b-93d9o-00013-00011449-00012271 center on the right hand side at the bottom. So let's go to the editor now. So the topic is the +HYa4b-93d9o-00014-00012271-00013338 OR join and the OR split. So we have an example workflow here where we first decide on the menu +HYa4b-93d9o-00015-00013456-00014251 and the idea is that you can choose between an entree, a main, and dessert and the main +HYa4b-93d9o-00016-00014251-00015049 course is always there. So you cannot unselect the main course and the entree and the dessert +HYa4b-93d9o-00017-00015049-00015799 are optional. And that is exactly the kind of thing that you can do with an OR split. So let's +HYa4b-93d9o-00018-00015799-00016672 first select the OR split in the editor. So we go down to ... we'd select the task "Decide on +HYa4b-93d9o-00019-00016672-00017551 menu" and we go to split type and set it to OR. And now you can see the symbol for the OR split +HYa4b-93d9o-00020-00017551-00018421 appearing here and on the right hand side, the order tasks will have an OR join. So we go to +HYa4b-93d9o-00021-00018421-00019333 join type and select OR as well. Okay, in order to connect the tasks, we have to draw the arcs. +HYa4b-93d9o-00022-00019333-00020068 So we go to the palette and select the atomic task and then we just connect them like that. +HYa4b-93d9o-00023-00021647-00022880 And that's done. And now, we go to the "Decide on menu" task and we are going to enter the split +HYa4b-93d9o-00024-00022880-00023744 predicates that are necessary. So we go in the task section, look for split predicates - three +HYa4b-93d9o-00025-00023744-00024815 flows - and we have "Choose dessert", "Choose main", and "Choose entree" here and in an OR split +HYa4b-93d9o-00026-00024815-00025697 it's always the last one that is always true. So if we want to make the main course obligatory, +HYa4b-93d9o-00027-00025697-00026675 we have to select this option here and just move it down with these little arrows to the bottom +HYa4b-93d9o-00028-00026675-00027413 because, no matter what we enter here, the bottom expression the bottom predicate will always be +HYa4b-93d9o-00029-00027413-00028631 true. And for the "Choose desert" and the "Choose entree" we will select some predicates now and we +HYa4b-93d9o-00030-00028631-00029308 have already entered some boolean variables in the specification. So for the "Choose dessert" we have +HYa4b-93d9o-00031-00029308-00030158 a variable called called "Dessert_selected" and if we select that here and we click on these two +HYa4b-93d9o-00032-00030158-00031097 circles here, we get an expression that just gives us the value of this variable and if this variable +HYa4b-93d9o-00033-00031097-00032591 is true, we will enter this, this branch "Choose dessert". So "Dessert_selected" is true, we go +HYa4b-93d9o-00034-00032591-00033665 here, okay? And we do the same thing with the entree. So select here, go to "Entree_selected", +HYa4b-93d9o-00035-00033665-00034607 click on the two little circles here and then we check if this evaluates to true. +HYa4b-93d9o-00036-00034925-00036629 So now we can see the split predicates for the OR split and if we go to the tasks "Choose entree", +HYa4b-93d9o-00037-00036629-00037475 "Choose main", and "Choose desert", we have already entered some variables here. So here +HYa4b-93d9o-00038-00037475-00038195 we can see the entre choice is then being taken and the other tasks are very similar to this. What +HYa4b-93d9o-00039-00038195-00038942 we can do here is, we can choose the completer of a previous task. This is the retain familiar +HYa4b-93d9o-00040-00038942-00040076 pattern. So we go to resourcing and we enable system offer and we choose the completer of the +HYa4b-93d9o-00041-00040076-00040892 task "Decide on menu". So it will be the same user that will be selected here and we enable system +HYa4b-93d9o-00042-00040892-00041513 allocation and starting. So it will be quicker when we just execute the workflow and we say "ok" +HYa4b-93d9o-00043-00041513-00042722 and we do the same thing for "Choose main". So we go to resourcing, enable system offer, choose +HYa4b-93d9o-00044-00042722-00043475 completer of task "Decide on menu", allocate and start and the same for "Choose dessert". +HYa4b-93d9o-00045-00044321-00045311 So now this part is done and we go to the last task "Order" and in the order task we do the same +HYa4b-93d9o-00046-00045311-00046238 thing: we enable system offer, choose completer of task. Now we select "Decide on menu" again and +HYa4b-93d9o-00047-00046238-00047543 enable and started. So now this specification should be done and we will save it and then +HYa4b-93d9o-00048-00047543-00048854 deploy it. So let's do that. So we press save: "no problems reported". We go to this upload +HYa4b-93d9o-00049-00048854-00049913 specification icon here, press that and we unload all previous versions and launch a new case. If +HYa4b-93d9o-00050-00049913-00050600 you want to upload this, you can either create your own user or you can upload the YAWL org data +HYa4b-93d9o-00051-00050600-00051704 export ybkp file here and then you will have the same user. So I'm now here in this control center +HYa4b-93d9o-00052-00051704-00052354 with a user that has also the admin role. So you can see, we have two lines of menu items here and +HYa4b-93d9o-00053-00052354-00053408 now I am - when I look at the cases tab - we can see that tutorial 8 is started with case ID 4. +HYa4b-93d9o-00054-00053408-00054428 If I go to the admin queues, I have one unoffered task and I can start that directly to me. So I do +HYa4b-93d9o-00055-00054428-00055397 that, I go to my work queues, go to the started tab, and I click view edit and now I can decide +HYa4b-93d9o-00056-00055397-00056561 on the menu. So I can select entree or dessert or both and in the first run, I will just eat +HYa4b-93d9o-00057-00056561-00057173 a main course - that's all. So I will complete here without selecting anything in addition and +HYa4b-93d9o-00058-00057353-00058202 now, if i refresh here, I get the next work item "Choose main" in my started +HYa4b-93d9o-00059-00058202-00059024 queue. Press on view edit and now I can do the choice of the main course. So I will +HYa4b-93d9o-00060-00059024-00059687 eat bistecca di manzo and complete and now again, I can refresh here, +HYa4b-93d9o-00061-00059687-00060446 view edit and I could see my order is just the bistecca di manzo. So I will complete +HYa4b-93d9o-00062-00060446-00061448 that here. So now let's try it again and be a little more hungry. So I will start a new case, +HYa4b-93d9o-00063-00061448-00062380 choose the tutorial specification, launch the case, go to the admin queue and "Decide on menu". +HYa4b-93d9o-00064-00062380-00063938 Entree and dessert selected, complete and now I have three tasks to fulfill. I choose +HYa4b-93d9o-00065-00063938-00065179 this one and this one and the last one and I will go to view edit and now I can see +HYa4b-93d9o-00066-00065179-00065828 the three choices and I'm ready to order. That's all! Today we have dealt with the +HYa4b-93d9o-00067-00065828-00066599 basics of the OR split and especially OR join can be quite tricky. This will be a topic of +HYa4b-93d9o-00068-00066599-00067331 a later video. Another thing we have used in this tutorial in the workflow in the ordering +HYa4b-93d9o-00069-00067331-00068330 task was extended attributes. That will also be another video in the future. Thanks for watching! +HbfyKjDNad4-00000-00002862-00003025 And here are some other words, boys and girls. +HbfyKjDNad4-00001-00003025-00003169 Waterfalls. +HbfyKjDNad4-00002-00003169-00003421 We learned that one of our insects lives by a waterfall. +HbfyKjDNad4-00003-00003421-00003759 Does that name help us out? What is a waterfall? +HbfyKjDNad4-00004-00003759-00004210 When water falls to the ground. +HbfyKjDNad4-00005-00004210-00004654 When water falls onto the ground, usually in like a river or a stream. +HbfyKjDNad4-00006-00004654-00004921 The water flows down, okay. +HbfyKjDNad4-00007-00004921-00005251 And here's our word "zigzag." +HbfyKjDNad4-00008-00005251-00005771 And "woods" and "speedily." We learned that speedily is very fast. +HbfyKjDNad4-00009-00005771-00006217 And "slender." Who remembers another word for slender? +HbfyKjDNad4-00010-00006217-00006392 Who remembers another word for slender? +HbfyKjDNad4-00011-00006392-00006552 Thin and skinny. +HbfyKjDNad4-00012-00006552-00006845 Thin and skinny. Great job. +HbfyKjDNad4-00013-00006845-00007204 Okay boys and girls, we learned a lot of facts about dragonflies and butterflies. +HbfyKjDNad4-00014-00007204-00007671 Now we're going to take all the facts that we learned +HbfyKjDNad4-00015-00007671-00008288 and we're going to compare and contrast them. +HbfyKjDNad4-00016-00008288-00008492 Who remember what we call this type of chart? +HbfyKjDNad4-00017-00008492-00008783 What do we call this type of chart that we use, Bernard? +HbfyKjDNad4-00018-00008783-00009217 I think we call it a… +HbfyKjDNad4-00019-00009217-00009638 What do we call these two circles put together? +HbfyKjDNad4-00020-00009638-00009991 What do we call that when we compare them and see how they're the same, +HbfyKjDNad4-00021-00009991-00010255 and then we contrast them and see how they're different. +HbfyKjDNad4-00022-00010255-00010485 What do we call that? Can you help him, Amal? +HbfyKjDNad4-00023-00010485-00010604 Venn diagram. +HbfyKjDNad4-00024-00010604-00010749 A Venn diagram. Very good. +HbfyKjDNad4-00025-00010749-00010972 So, let's think about it. +HbfyKjDNad4-00026-00010972-00011399 Who can tell me one thing that they have that's the same? +HgUFIVyrH8g-00000-00000656-00001228 Trump Just Made American Airlines REALLY Regret Refusing To Enforce His Immigration Laws – OUCH! +HgUFIVyrH8g-00001-00001228-00001636 As the manufactured crisis and faux outrage at the border concerning this whole separation +HgUFIVyrH8g-00002-00001636-00002120 of illegal immigrant children debacle continues to ramp up, several prominent airlines waded +HgUFIVyrH8g-00003-00002120-00002285 into the fray. +HgUFIVyrH8g-00004-00002285-00002664 American Airlines jumped in head first into the illegal immigration debate, demanding +HgUFIVyrH8g-00005-00002664-00003051 the Department of Homeland Security not use their planes in their efforts to rightfully +HgUFIVyrH8g-00006-00003051-00003417 enforce America’s immigration laws and borders. +HgUFIVyrH8g-00007-00003417-00003742 American Airlines issued the statement on Wednesday stating that it has “requested +HgUFIVyrH8g-00008-00003742-00004168 the federal government to immediately refrain from using American for the purpose of transporting +HgUFIVyrH8g-00009-00004168-00004630 children who have been separated from their families due to the current immigration policy. +HgUFIVyrH8g-00010-00004630-00005166 We have no desire to be associated with separating families, or worse, to profit from it. +HgUFIVyrH8g-00011-00005166-00005535 We have every expectation the government will comply with our request and we thank them +HgUFIVyrH8g-00012-00005535-00005706 for doing so” +HgUFIVyrH8g-00013-00005706-00006300 United Airlines, Frontier Airlines, Southwest Airlines, Delta Airlines, and Alaska Airlines +HgUFIVyrH8g-00014-00006300-00006680 quickly followed with statements of their own echoing similar demands. +HgUFIVyrH8g-00015-00006680-00007123 Virtue signaling at its finest as these companies pretend to show the world just how very humanitarian +HgUFIVyrH8g-00016-00007123-00007513 they are at the expense of common sense and national security and in defiance of current +HgUFIVyrH8g-00017-00007513-00007702 immigration laws. +HgUFIVyrH8g-00018-00007702-00008140 CBS News reports – “American Airlines issued the statement amid questions over whether +HgUFIVyrH8g-00019-00008140-00008426 it has transported children split from their loved ones. +HgUFIVyrH8g-00020-00008426-00008898 It acknowledged that it provides travel services to the U.S. government through contracts, +HgUFIVyrH8g-00021-00008898-00009271 but said it has “no knowledge that the federal government has used American to transport +HgUFIVyrH8g-00022-00009271-00009654 children who have been separated from their parents due to the recent immigration policy” +HgUFIVyrH8g-00023-00009654-00009931 and “would be extremely disappointed to learn that is the case.” +HgUFIVyrH8g-00024-00009931-00010399 ‘The family separation process that has been widely publicized is not at all aligned +HgUFIVyrH8g-00025-00010399-00010920 with the values of American Airlines — we bring families together, not apart,’ the +HgUFIVyrH8g-00026-00010920-00011020 airline said. +HgUFIVyrH8g-00027-00011020-00011401 It also said, “the government does not disclose information about the nature of the flights +HgUFIVyrH8g-00028-00011401-00011684 it takes or the passengers who are traveling.” +HgUFIVyrH8g-00029-00011684-00012052 Alaska Airlines said ‘our values guide us to do the right thing. +HgUFIVyrH8g-00030-00012052-00012481 Alaska Airlines does not support the recent immigration policy that separated immigrant +HgUFIVyrH8g-00031-00012481-00012675 children from their families. +HgUFIVyrH8g-00032-00012675-00013067 To our knowledge, we haven’t transported any immigrant children who have been separated +HgUFIVyrH8g-00033-00013067-00013547 from their families, and today informed the government that we do not want to do so.'” +HgUFIVyrH8g-00034-00013547-00013982 The statements from the various airlines were prompted by a recent Facebook post from Victoria +HgUFIVyrH8g-00035-00013982-00014422 Cook in which she spoke of her friend Ånika Łodzinski who she claims is a flight attendant. +HgUFIVyrH8g-00036-00014422-00014891 However, Łodzinski’s profile identifies her as a “stay at home mum” so her exact +HgUFIVyrH8g-00037-00014891-00015063 position is unclear. +HgUFIVyrH8g-00038-00015063-00015511 The post claims to detail the events of a redeye flight from Arizona to Miami and describes +HgUFIVyrH8g-00039-00015511-00015832 a group of children aboard the flight “dressed as criminals.” +HgUFIVyrH8g-00040-00015832-00016329 The Facebook post, which circulated online, claims the children arrived in Miami last +HgUFIVyrH8g-00041-00016329-00016702 week, “not knowing if they will ever see their loved ones again that they were separated +HgUFIVyrH8g-00042-00016702-00016879 from in Phoenix.” +HgUFIVyrH8g-00043-00016879-00017116 Victoria Cook’s Facebook post stated: +HgUFIVyrH8g-00044-00017116-00017451 “My friend Ånika Łodzinski is a flight attendant. +HgUFIVyrH8g-00045-00017451-00017888 Today her coworker posted the following about a REDEYE flight from Arizona to Miami last +HgUFIVyrH8g-00046-00017888-00017988 night: +HgUFIVyrH8g-00047-00017988-00018419 “Through all the adversities we faced last evening with computer outages, cancellations +HgUFIVyrH8g-00048-00018419-00018895 and delays, nothing prepared me or my crew for 16 passengers. +HgUFIVyrH8g-00049-00018895-00018995 Sixteen. +HgUFIVyrH8g-00050-00018995-00019504 All dressed in black and gray cheap Walmart sweat suits, quietly boarding the 12:30am +HgUFIVyrH8g-00051-00019504-00019604 flight. +HgUFIVyrH8g-00052-00019604-00019704 Children! +HgUFIVyrH8g-00053-00019704-00019970 Thirty-two scared eyes looking straight forward dazed. +HgUFIVyrH8g-00054-00019970-00020262 We try to speak, yet none speak English. +HgUFIVyrH8g-00055-00020262-00020615 During the beverage service, one of the crew comes to me in tears. +HgUFIVyrH8g-00056-00020615-00021047 They can’t face these children that have been ripped from their families with a smile. +HgUFIVyrH8g-00057-00021047-00021454 These children were probably ranging in age from 11, to the most adorable little girl +HgUFIVyrH8g-00058-00021454-00021640 maybe 6 years old. +HgUFIVyrH8g-00059-00021640-00022084 At 2:30 in the morning, deplaned here in Miami not knowing if they will ever see their loved +HgUFIVyrH8g-00060-00022084-00022418 ones again that they were separated from in Phoenix. +HgUFIVyrH8g-00061-00022418-00022810 Those sweet innocent children, dressed as criminals silently deplaned with the same +HgUFIVyrH8g-00062-00022810-00023003 fear as our initial meeting. +HgUFIVyrH8g-00063-00023003-00023162 Except for the little girl. +HgUFIVyrH8g-00064-00023162-00023574 She looked up at me as she turned left for the main cabin door, with tears of fear streaming +HgUFIVyrH8g-00065-00023574-00023679 down her face. +HgUFIVyrH8g-00066-00023679-00024133 I’m not sure the protocol, but I leaned over hoping to offer some hope, she hugged +HgUFIVyrH8g-00067-00024133-00024584 me, which was returned – much to the scowl and comments from the adult escort. +HgUFIVyrH8g-00068-00024584-00025122 I pray that these 16 scared little souls, as well as all the other thousands, find their +HgUFIVyrH8g-00069-00025122-00025337 way to reuniting with their loved ones. +HgUFIVyrH8g-00070-00025337-00025725 We are trained yearly in hundreds of possible scenarios as attendants. +HgUFIVyrH8g-00071-00025725-00025919 Something like this isn’t remotely one of those. +HgUFIVyrH8g-00072-00025919-00026373 I had only met one of my crew a few years earlier, the rest never. +HgUFIVyrH8g-00073-00026373-00026776 Thank God, we had one another to lean on to not only get through the flight, but also +HgUFIVyrH8g-00074-00026776-00027070 maybe some glimmer of hope for those babies.” +HgUFIVyrH8g-00075-00027070-00027212 What have we become? +HgUFIVyrH8g-00076-00027212-00027362 HaShem Yirachem!” +HgUFIVyrH8g-00077-00027362-00027787 Meanwhile, United Airlines stated they had seen no evidence whatsoever that they had +HgUFIVyrH8g-00078-00027787-00028189 flown children who had been separated from their parents, however, they did not want +HgUFIVyrH8g-00079-00028189-00028486 to participate in such a program either. +HgUFIVyrH8g-00080-00028486-00028910 United CEO Oscar Munoz said in a statement – “Based on our serious concerns about +HgUFIVyrH8g-00081-00028910-00029369 this policy and how it’s in deep conflict with our company’s values, we have contacted +HgUFIVyrH8g-00082-00029369-00029738 federal officials to inform them that they should not transport immigrant children on +HgUFIVyrH8g-00083-00029738-00030076 United aircraft who have been separated from their parents. +HgUFIVyrH8g-00084-00030076-00030448 Our company’s shared purpose is to connect people and unite the world. +HgUFIVyrH8g-00085-00030448-00030851 This policy and its impact on thousands of children is in deep conflict with that mission +HgUFIVyrH8g-00086-00030851-00031045 and we want no part of it.” +HgUFIVyrH8g-00087-00031045-00031498 A statement from Frontier read – “Frontier prides itself on being a family airline and +HgUFIVyrH8g-00088-00031498-00031893 we will not knowingly allow our flights to be used to transport migrant children away +HgUFIVyrH8g-00089-00031893-00032054 from their families. +HgUFIVyrH8g-00090-00032054-00032508 At this time, we are not aware if Frontier has been used for this purpose.” +HgUFIVyrH8g-00091-00032508-00033077 CBS News reported later on Wednesday, Southwest Airlines issued a statement, as did Delta +HgUFIVyrH8g-00092-00033077-00033177 Air Lines. +HgUFIVyrH8g-00093-00033177-00033506 “While we do not have evidence that tickets purchased for Southwest flights have been +HgUFIVyrH8g-00094-00033506-00033955 utilized to transport detained children, we do not wish to have involvement in the process +HgUFIVyrH8g-00095-00033955-00034192 of separating children from their parents. +HgUFIVyrH8g-00096-00034192-00034688 Therefore, we appeal to anyone making those types of travel decisions not to utilize Southwest +HgUFIVyrH8g-00097-00034688-00034866 Airlines,” it said. +HgUFIVyrH8g-00098-00034866-00035280 “Delta’s mission is to connect people and we are against anything that runs contrary +HgUFIVyrH8g-00099-00035280-00035509 to that mission,” the company said. +HgUFIVyrH8g-00100-00035509-00035957 “Recent reports of families being separated are disheartening and do not align with Delta’s +HgUFIVyrH8g-00101-00035957-00036075 core values. +HgUFIVyrH8g-00102-00036075-00036492 We applaud the administration’s executive order resolving the issue of separating children +HgUFIVyrH8g-00103-00036492-00036730 from their families at the U.S. border.” +HgUFIVyrH8g-00104-00036730-00037250 In response, Department of Homeland Security spokesperson Tyler Q. Houlton promptly responded +HgUFIVyrH8g-00105-00037250-00037596 via Twitter in a series of tweets with some hard truths. +HgUFIVyrH8g-00106-00037596-00038118 Houlton began with – “It’s unfortunate that @AmericanAir , @united, and @FlyFrontier +HgUFIVyrH8g-00107-00038118-00038524 no longer want to partner with the brave men and women of DHS to protect the traveling +HgUFIVyrH8g-00108-00038524-00039065 public, combat human trafficking, and to swiftly reunite unaccompanied illegal immigrant children +HgUFIVyrH8g-00109-00039065-00039235 with their families.” +HgUFIVyrH8g-00110-00039235-00039662 He continued in a second tweet – “Despite being provided facts on this issue, these +HgUFIVyrH8g-00111-00039662-00040136 airlines clearly do not understand our immigration laws and the long-standing devastating loopholes +HgUFIVyrH8g-00112-00040136-00040433 that have caused the crisis at our southern border.” +HgUFIVyrH8g-00113-00040433-00040837 And he continues to hit back with facts in a third tweet – “Buckling to a false media +HgUFIVyrH8g-00114-00040837-00041248 narrative only exacerbates the problems at our border and puts more children at risk +HgUFIVyrH8g-00115-00041248-00041393 from traffickers. +HgUFIVyrH8g-00116-00041393-00041803 We wish the airlines would instead choose to be part of the solution.” +HgUFIVyrH8g-00117-00041803-00042153 Continuing with his total annihilation of the woefully transparent attempt at virtue +HgUFIVyrH8g-00118-00042153-00042706 signaling begun by American Airlines, Houlton sums up his factual summation – “For 15 +HgUFIVyrH8g-00119-00042706-00043162 years, @DHSgov has worked diligently with America’s airlines to secure aviation and +HgUFIVyrH8g-00120-00043162-00043574 facilitate the travel by air of millions of Americans and visitors and we will continue +HgUFIVyrH8g-00121-00043574-00043715 to do so.” +HgUFIVyrH8g-00122-00043715-00044111 The entire situation has been little more than a mass emotional hurricane over an issue +HgUFIVyrH8g-00123-00044111-00044330 that has been going on for years. +HgUFIVyrH8g-00124-00044330-00044773 Long before President Trump, and even before former President Obama with little logic, +HgUFIVyrH8g-00125-00044773-00045258 reason, or historical understanding playing any role in most people’s overly-hysterical +HgUFIVyrH8g-00126-00045258-00045358 reactions. +HgUFIVyrH8g-00127-00045358-00045750 Yet all of a sudden, as if through a coordinated attack, the left suddenly “decided” to +HgUFIVyrH8g-00128-00045750-00046126 care about the children of illegal aliens being with their mothers and fathers and families +HgUFIVyrH8g-00129-00046126-00046245 being whole. +HgUFIVyrH8g-00130-00046245-00046395 How nice of them… +HgUFIVyrH8g-00131-00046395-00046764 That is despite the fact that many of these unaccompanied minors are actually traveling +HgUFIVyrH8g-00132-00046764-00047133 with human traffickers who are not their mother or their father so much as their pimp daddies +HgUFIVyrH8g-00133-00047133-00047613 ready to exploit these children to the fullest, viewing them as a commodity or chattel, rather +HgUFIVyrH8g-00134-00047613-00047713 than people. +HgUFIVyrH8g-00135-00047713-00048188 Never mind the United States has exactly zero responsibility as in loco parentis to children +HgUFIVyrH8g-00136-00048188-00048382 who are not even American. +HgUFIVyrH8g-00137-00048382-00049128 Mass hysteria and emotional response reign upon +HgUFIVyrH8g-00138-00049128-00049905 the day, despite facts to the contrary. +Hl0Vw4kpXsI-00000-00000006-00000364 I don't think the Indian media's gonna let me sleep today +Hl0Vw4kpXsI-00001-00000436-00000512 please +Hl0Vw4kpXsI-00002-00000624-00000894 You can't be that stupid +Hl0Vw4kpXsI-00003-00000976-00001050 Please +Hl0Vw4kpXsI-00004-00001688-00001918 Cold shoulder +Hl0Vw4kpXsI-00005-00002100-00002322 Welcome to a +Hl0Vw4kpXsI-00006-00002338-00002850 very unusual episode of smile2jannah +Hl0Vw4kpXsI-00007-00003279-00003722 I honestly can't believe I'm making a video on this. Alright guys, +Hl0Vw4kpXsI-00008-00003722-00003979 let me, let me set the context yeah. +Hl0Vw4kpXsI-00009-00003979-00004640 So Imran Khan defied the haters is in India who expected him to flop his UN speech. +Hl0Vw4kpXsI-00010-00004640-00004946 Imran Khan's survival depends on this speech +Hl0Vw4kpXsI-00011-00004946-00005482 That he's in the line of fire, if he's unable to rake up Kashmir effectively +Hl0Vw4kpXsI-00012-00005482-00005784 so it's a very crucial speech for Pakistan's prime minister +Hl0Vw4kpXsI-00013-00005784-00006252 Rather he went there with no notes, took double the time +Hl0Vw4kpXsI-00014-00006252-00006731 and still managed to make his speech go viral. +Hl0Vw4kpXsI-00015-00006731-00007191 His topics were both relevant and courageous. Like I mentioned before he +Hl0Vw4kpXsI-00016-00007191-00007914 talked about climate change, tax/debt and Islamophobia, as well as Kashmir. +Hl0Vw4kpXsI-00017-00007934-00008742 So the Indian media rightly so were cheesed off. They needed a story that would really hit back. +Hl0Vw4kpXsI-00018-00008742-00009300 A story that would take all the attention away from his speech +Hl0Vw4kpXsI-00019-00009300-00009754 and leave him with zero credibility. +Hl0Vw4kpXsI-00020-00009754-00009989 Unfortunately however, they found a story +Hl0Vw4kpXsI-00021-00009989-00010646 that made them look like somebody with an IQ of -3, someone with one +Hl0Vw4kpXsI-00022-00010646-00011436 functioning brain cell amongst hundreds, someone who you just feel sorry for. +Hl0Vw4kpXsI-00023-00011436-00011738 They decided to run with such a story that, +Hl0Vw4kpXsI-00024-00011738-00012106 when someone tweeted it to me, I honestly thought it was a prank +Hl0Vw4kpXsI-00025-00012106-00012928 They accused Imran Khan's wife, of either having 2 pet Jinns i.e. Devils, +Hl0Vw4kpXsI-00026-00012928-00013572 to whom she feeds meat, or being a Jinn (a devil) herself because +Hl0Vw4kpXsI-00027-00013572-00013794 she doesn't have a reflection. +Hl0Vw4kpXsI-00028-00013794-00014100 I mean what sort of retaliation is this? +Hl0Vw4kpXsI-00029-00014122-00014730 You guys should not be cutting off 8 million people for 50 days, its inhumane. +Hl0Vw4kpXsI-00030-00014746-00015510 Oh yeah, well your wife has got two Devils who she feeds meat to. +Hl0Vw4kpXsI-00031-00015660-00015768 Sorry what? +Hl0Vw4kpXsI-00032-00015768-00016213 You heard us, in fact she's a devil +Hl0Vw4kpXsI-00033-00016213-00016514 because she doesn't have a reflection. +Hl0Vw4kpXsI-00034-00016514-00016712 If there were ambulances for +Hl0Vw4kpXsI-00035-00016712-00017301 emergencies in stupidity I would have called the whole fleet just for you mate. +Hl0Vw4kpXsI-00036-00017301-00017698 Aaha, but you did it didn't deny it did you? +Hl0Vw4kpXsI-00037-00017698-00017967 Ya Allah, I know you've taken their sense +Hl0Vw4kpXsI-00038-00017967-00018506 away, but give a little bit back just for their survival because if we leave them +Hl0Vw4kpXsI-00039-00018506-00019031 alone for a little bit longer, they might start eating themselves. In fact some of +Hl0Vw4kpXsI-00040-00019031-00019540 them already do that, but they're like a fringe minority. +Hl0Vw4kpXsI-00041-00019540-00020006 May Allah have mercy on India, it's a really tough time that they're going through +Hl0Vw4kpXsI-00042-00020006-00020312 and don't get me wrong, there's like a billion Indians yeah, +Hl0Vw4kpXsI-00043-00020312-00020622 not all of them feel the same way, +Hl0Vw4kpXsI-00044-00020622-00021170 or even agree with what's going on. But it is this voice that we're hearing so I +Hl0Vw4kpXsI-00045-00021170-00021765 would urge the other Indians to speak out, otherwise you're gonna be witnessing +Hl0Vw4kpXsI-00046-00021765-00022081 the downfall of your own country, after all +Hl0Vw4kpXsI-00047-00022081-00022647 apparently Pakistan is working with devils and feeding them meat, so if +Hl0Vw4kpXsI-00048-00022647-00023146 that's true you know, what's India gonna be firing with? +Hl0Vw4kpXsI-00049-00023146-00023268 Cold shoulder +Hl0Vw4kpXsI-00050-00023268-00023524 Alright guys until next time +Hl0Vw4kpXsI-00051-00023524-00023823 with an IQ of -3 +Hl0Vw4kpXsI-00052-00023823-00024073 Asalaamu Alaikum +Hl0Vw4kpXsI-00053-00024809-00025015 you +HmgHhiq1H6Y-00000-00000352-00001064 shalom and welcome to via after israel a hebrew phrase which means you shall love israel we hope +HmgHhiq1H6Y-00001-00001064-00001560 you'll stay with us for the next 30 minutes as our teacher dr baruch shares his expository teaching +HmgHhiq1H6Y-00002-00001560-00002152 from the bible dr baruch is the senior lecturer at the zara avraham institute based in israel +HmgHhiq1H6Y-00003-00002152-00002616 although all courses are taught in hebrew at the institute dr baruch is pleased to share this +HmgHhiq1H6Y-00004-00002616-00003168 weekly address in english to find out more about our work in israel please visit us on the web +HmgHhiq1H6Y-00005-00003168-00003992 at loveisreal.org that's one word love israel.org now here's baruch with today's lesson +HmgHhiq1H6Y-00006-00004104-00004712 you have an enemy within you and that enemy is called pride +HmgHhiq1H6Y-00007-00004808-00005744 pride is very dangerous to our spiritual well-being and failure to overcome pride will have +HmgHhiq1H6Y-00008-00005744-00006416 disastrous outcomes both physically spiritually and perhaps eternally +HmgHhiq1H6Y-00009-00006512-00007352 we need to learn to walk not in pride but in humility and i want to give you two examples +HmgHhiq1H6Y-00010-00007352-00008280 of this think for a moment about moses moses is called repeatedly in the scripture the servant +HmgHhiq1H6Y-00011-00008280-00009016 of god i don't believe there's a better title than that to be known as the servant +HmgHhiq1H6Y-00012-00009016-00009696 of god and what else does the scripture say it says that moses was the most humble +HmgHhiq1H6Y-00013-00009752-00010744 individual and these two things go together in an inherent matter if we are humble we will serve god +HmgHhiq1H6Y-00014-00010800-00011464 if we are prideful we are going to serve self so let me ask you that question +HmgHhiq1H6Y-00015-00011528-00012464 are you operating in pride or humility the second example is of course our lord and savior messiah +HmgHhiq1H6Y-00016-00012560-00013288 when we look for example in philippians chapter 2 paul is speaking and he speaks about messiah's +HmgHhiq1H6Y-00017-00013288-00014447 humility he says messiah he humbled himself even to death on a cross and because of humility that +HmgHhiq1H6Y-00018-00014447-00015319 led him to obey god what does the scripture say the scripture says that god gave to him the name +HmgHhiq1H6Y-00019-00015319-00016016 above all names that the name of yeshua that is jesus every knee will bow +HmgHhiq1H6Y-00020-00016080-00017064 every tongue will confess and this is so important to the glory of god that he is lord remember that +HmgHhiq1H6Y-00021-00017120-00017904 humility leads us for god to lift us up to raise us up pride what does the scripture say +HmgHhiq1H6Y-00022-00017992-00018712 pride goes before a fall so again if you were to evaluate yourself +HmgHhiq1H6Y-00023-00018776-00019536 and the decisions that you make the actions that you take are they more rooted in pride +HmgHhiq1H6Y-00024-00019536-00020248 selfishness what you are seeking or are they more established by humility +HmgHhiq1H6Y-00025-00020304-00021056 there's no position in between you are either living submitting to the influence of pride or +HmgHhiq1H6Y-00026-00021136-00021896 the influence of humility take out your bible and look with me to the book of matthew +HmgHhiq1H6Y-00027-00021896-00022664 chapter 18. now it's going to be clear here that messiah is teaching about the dangers of pride +HmgHhiq1H6Y-00028-00022736-00023600 and the power and the blessings that come from humility notice what he says in verse 1 +HmgHhiq1H6Y-00029-00023600-00024440 matthew chapter 18 verse 1 yeshua says here in that hour now pay attention to that phrase +HmgHhiq1H6Y-00030-00024504-00025216 in that hour what hour are we speaking about well if you remember last week +HmgHhiq1H6Y-00031-00025280-00026008 in that previous chapter yeshua said something he told his disciples that he was going to jerusalem +HmgHhiq1H6Y-00032-00026072-00026976 there he would be betrayed and delivered over to men and men would put him to death and +HmgHhiq1H6Y-00033-00027032-00027783 at that hour what were the thoughts of the disciples well keep reading going back to +HmgHhiq1H6Y-00034-00027783-00029072 verse 1 and in that hour the disciples they came to yeshua saying who therefore is the greatest +HmgHhiq1H6Y-00035-00029072-00029888 in the kingdom of heaven now they asked that in regard to themselves i mean we know one thing +HmgHhiq1H6Y-00036-00029888-00030639 we know the greatest in the kingdom of heaven is god remember what we learn god the father +HmgHhiq1H6Y-00037-00030639-00031520 said concerning yeshua the only begotten son of god that at your name everyone is going to bow +HmgHhiq1H6Y-00038-00031520-00032439 and confess to the glory of god he's going to receive that name above all names yeshua he is +HmgHhiq1H6Y-00039-00032439-00033248 the greatest but they were thinking about themselves they heard that yeshua was going +HmgHhiq1H6Y-00040-00033248-00033912 to die and they thought to themselves well now among us who's going to be the greatest +HmgHhiq1H6Y-00041-00034016-00034696 and notice how messiah responded now he could have responded by scolding them +HmgHhiq1H6Y-00042-00034696-00035488 pointing out their wrong way of thinking and by the way pride always leads us to think +HmgHhiq1H6Y-00043-00035488-00036376 incorrectly pride leads us away from the things of god the purposes of god and pride the scripture +HmgHhiq1H6Y-00044-00036376-00037344 says pride goes before a fall that is pride leads us to be deceived by the enemy so that they can +HmgHhiq1H6Y-00045-00037344-00038208 knock us down god wants to empower us strengthen us position us in his will pride removes all of +HmgHhiq1H6Y-00046-00038208-00039400 that so messiah's response is this look now to verse 2 and you're sure calling to a small child +HmgHhiq1H6Y-00047-00039400-00040296 now the biblical word here that's translated a little child a small child has to do with a child +HmgHhiq1H6Y-00048-00040296-00041400 who is very young small in age this word probably relates to a toddler a child around two perhaps +HmgHhiq1H6Y-00049-00041400-00042240 three years of age and such a child many times when we see a child walking he doesn't go too far +HmgHhiq1H6Y-00050-00042304-00043000 before he he lifts up his arms in the direction of his father his mother so that they can +HmgHhiq1H6Y-00051-00043000-00043656 pick him up and it's not always because he's tired or she doesn't want to walk it's because they need +HmgHhiq1H6Y-00052-00043656-00044696 that reinforcement being brought to intimacy with their parent likewise when a a young child has a +HmgHhiq1H6Y-00053-00044696-00045352 problem that they need something something that happens in their life that that frightens them +HmgHhiq1H6Y-00054-00045352-00046024 that is unpleasant what do they do they seek out their parents and what messiah is saying +HmgHhiq1H6Y-00055-00046024-00046760 is this unless we learn to be dependent upon our heavenly father listen to him recognize +HmgHhiq1H6Y-00056-00046760-00047808 him as the authority see small children they they listen to their parents and what i mean by that +HmgHhiq1H6Y-00057-00047808-00048712 is this that they are told something and more often than not a small child will believe that now +HmgHhiq1H6Y-00058-00048712-00049376 i have an older brother and when i was very young he used to tell me ridiculous things and i used +HmgHhiq1H6Y-00059-00049376-00050032 to believe it sometimes those things would scare me sometimes those things would would be great +HmgHhiq1H6Y-00060-00050032-00050608 pleasure for me i thought wow this is going to happen and of course as an older brother he's +HmgHhiq1H6Y-00061-00050608-00051504 just just playing with with his younger brother but the point is a little child tends to believe +HmgHhiq1H6Y-00062-00051504-00052376 accept hear and receive that and that's what messiah is saying if we want to be and here's the +HmgHhiq1H6Y-00063-00052376-00053312 key great in the kingdom of god we need to be able to demonstrate as mature individuals that same +HmgHhiq1H6Y-00064-00053312-00054255 dependence that same recognition of authority that a small child does for his or her parents so once +HmgHhiq1H6Y-00065-00054255-00055255 again verse 2 and yeshua called to a small child and he set him in the midst of them that is before +HmgHhiq1H6Y-00066-00055320-00056296 these 12 disciples verse 3 and he said yeshua speaks to the disciples in a most humble way +HmgHhiq1H6Y-00067-00056296-00057216 he simply says truly i say to you unless you and this next word is so significant the word +HmgHhiq1H6Y-00068-00057216-00058232 turn now it is one of the new testament words that relate to repentance but it's simply the word to +HmgHhiq1H6Y-00069-00058288-00059279 turn and it implies something when you turn to god there's going to be change in your life see pride +HmgHhiq1H6Y-00070-00059344-00060040 thinks that we've got it all together that we know how to act just get out of my way and let +HmgHhiq1H6Y-00071-00060040-00061024 me do what i want to do but humility realizes that we're not perfect humility teaches us that we need +HmgHhiq1H6Y-00072-00061024-00061928 change in our life and humility like a small child they will turn not to some stranger but a +HmgHhiq1H6Y-00073-00061928-00062912 child will find security comfort before his or her parent and that's what messiah is saying we need +HmgHhiq1H6Y-00074-00062912-00063808 to be individuals that turn towards god and doing so will bring what this word is about about change +HmgHhiq1H6Y-00075-00063864-00065096 a godly change a righteous change so he says truly i say to you unless you turn and become as +HmgHhiq1H6Y-00076-00065208-00066072 little children now what he's speaking about here is a some people call it a childlike faith a +HmgHhiq1H6Y-00077-00066072-00066816 simple faith you tell a small child something they don't go after all the details they simply hear +HmgHhiq1H6Y-00078-00066944-00067856 and they accept and in that same way we as adults it is good for us to have a child like faith and +HmgHhiq1H6Y-00079-00067856-00068688 what do i mean by that well there is a another bible teacher more of a motivational speaker and +HmgHhiq1H6Y-00080-00068688-00069656 he was speaking about the love of messiah now we all know that song jesus loves me this i know why +HmgHhiq1H6Y-00081-00069760-00070664 for the bible tells me so and this individual was kind of uh dealing with that song in a +HmgHhiq1H6Y-00082-00070760-00071552 negative way he's saying here's the problem if we have a child like faith when when that child +HmgHhiq1H6Y-00083-00071552-00072208 gets older for example when he goes to college his faith is going to be challenged and when he +HmgHhiq1H6Y-00084-00072208-00073048 starts hearing the things of science that faith is going to be destroyed no it is not true faith +HmgHhiq1H6Y-00085-00073104-00073992 will never be destroyed and here's what i want to say to you we have seen historically that science +HmgHhiq1H6Y-00086-00073992-00074496 has to catch up to the revelation of god's word let me give you an example of that +HmgHhiq1H6Y-00087-00074576-00075480 it used to be that the the most intelligent people thought that the earth was flat but you can go to +HmgHhiq1H6Y-00088-00075480-00076536 the book of isaiah and and nearly 3 000 years ago more likely 2750 years ago isaiah said that +HmgHhiq1H6Y-00089-00076536-00077552 the world was round he used a word that depicts a round earth not a flat so it was literally +HmgHhiq1H6Y-00090-00077552-00078400 centuries later that the best scientists they caught up to the prophecy of isaiah +HmgHhiq1H6Y-00091-00078400-00079360 and knew that the earth was round and we see many examples of how the bible says one thing science +HmgHhiq1H6Y-00092-00079360-00080296 questions that scoff at that but later on we find that science confirms what the bible said long ago +HmgHhiq1H6Y-00093-00080408-00081152 everything in the scripture we can defend there are no problems in the word of god what the word +HmgHhiq1H6Y-00094-00081152-00081976 of god says it is in conflict with nothing that science has proven we find that the word of god +HmgHhiq1H6Y-00095-00081976-00082960 is indeed defensible we can if we study the word of god properly we see that truly scripture +HmgHhiq1H6Y-00096-00083024-00083760 is given by god inspired by him there is no heirs whatsoever in the word of god +HmgHhiq1H6Y-00097-00083832-00084680 no those who kind of look down upon a child like faith they have not read or they have not obeyed +HmgHhiq1H6Y-00098-00084680-00085488 what this scripture is saying yeshua clearly says let's move on he says unless you turn +HmgHhiq1H6Y-00099-00085544-00086400 and become as small children he says you will not and by the way there's a double negative here +HmgHhiq1H6Y-00100-00086512-00087320 it's not as we think in english a double negative makes it positive not in greek a double negative +HmgHhiq1H6Y-00101-00087320-00087928 emphasizes this this fact when he says and we can translate it no +HmgHhiq1H6Y-00102-00087992-00088968 not never will enter into the kingdom of heaven so we need to be people that trust god like a +HmgHhiq1H6Y-00103-00088968-00090056 small child trusts their parents and rely upon them verse 4 therefore whoever humbles himself +HmgHhiq1H6Y-00104-00090208-00091184 as this small child this one and it's emphatic this one is the greatest in the kingdom of heaven +HmgHhiq1H6Y-00105-00091296-00092128 so he this is the son of god teaches us that we need to have humility and this humility +HmgHhiq1H6Y-00106-00092128-00092824 produces dependence we need to have that humility that depends upon god again just like +HmgHhiq1H6Y-00107-00092904-00093608 a small child depends upon his father or his mother this is what +HmgHhiq1H6Y-00108-00093608-00094408 is pleasing to god and empowers us giving us access to the resources of the holy spirit +HmgHhiq1H6Y-00109-00094480-00095744 to change us grow us matures in obedience to the will of god now look at verse verse 5. and whoever +HmgHhiq1H6Y-00110-00095808-00096488 should receive one of these small children or a small child and here's what he says +HmgHhiq1H6Y-00111-00096488-00097384 in my name now literally it says upon my name which is teaching us a foundational principle and +HmgHhiq1H6Y-00112-00097384-00098208 that is if we are humble we're going to have the character of messiah remember this simple truth +HmgHhiq1H6Y-00113-00098208-00098992 when the bible speaks of name it's emphasizing character and it's when we have a concern +HmgHhiq1H6Y-00114-00099096-00100104 when we look out for small children that we protect them shelter them love them educate them +HmgHhiq1H6Y-00115-00100168-00100872 in the things of god that we just like he says here when we do so he says if +HmgHhiq1H6Y-00116-00100872-00102000 you should receive one of this one of the small children in my name me you receive now notice that +HmgHhiq1H6Y-00117-00102088-00102911 what he's saying is when he writes in me you receive receiving the character +HmgHhiq1H6Y-00118-00102911-00103776 of messiah here's what spirituality teaches us when we accept the gospel the holy spirit and the +HmgHhiq1H6Y-00119-00103776-00104680 holy spirit is the spirit of yeshua of the messiah of the christ his spirit comes to dwell within us +HmgHhiq1H6Y-00120-00104800-00105808 and we begin to live out his life through our actions our words he becomes our life so it's +HmgHhiq1H6Y-00121-00105808-00106696 this humility it's this this trusting it's this reliance upon god that that produces +HmgHhiq1H6Y-00122-00106696-00107711 in us a change whereby we become in behavior in action and thought in word in everything we become +HmgHhiq1H6Y-00123-00107711-00108528 more and more like messiah so when we receive one of these small children in his name for +HmgHhiq1H6Y-00124-00108528-00109464 his purpose based upon his character we are he saying me you are receiving now instead of being +HmgHhiq1H6Y-00125-00109464-00110111 a positive influence that's what it means to receive one of these small children the +HmgHhiq1H6Y-00126-00110111-00110968 possibility is that we can be a negative influence have a poor testimony before them +HmgHhiq1H6Y-00127-00111096-00111664 and this is what messiah is going to begin to speak about in verse six he reads +HmgHhiq1H6Y-00128-00111920-00113008 but if if you shall be an offense and this word is a a stumbling block giving +HmgHhiq1H6Y-00129-00113008-00114008 a bad impression being a negative influence so he says but if if one is a stumbling block +HmgHhiq1H6Y-00130-00114088-00114808 to one of these little ones who have believed in me notice what he says now this scripture +HmgHhiq1H6Y-00131-00114808-00115464 we don't hear a lot about but it gives us a good indication of his character +HmgHhiq1H6Y-00132-00115520-00116383 and how serious this issue is the scripture that we're studying is profoundly significant +HmgHhiq1H6Y-00133-00116472-00117135 and we need to realize that by the terms the words that yeshua shares once again +HmgHhiq1H6Y-00134-00117256-00118040 but but if you become a stumbling block an offense to one of these little ones who have believed in +HmgHhiq1H6Y-00135-00118040-00118832 me he says middle verse 6 it would be better for him this one who becomes a stumbling block +HmgHhiq1H6Y-00136-00118832-00119832 it would be come better for him that he hangs a a heavy millstone around his throat +HmgHhiq1H6Y-00137-00119888-00120992 and be sunk in the depths of the sea now did you hear that pretty strong language yeshua says if +HmgHhiq1H6Y-00138-00120992-00121759 anyone becomes a stumbling block to one of these little ones that have believed in me it would be +HmgHhiq1H6Y-00139-00121816-00122880 better for him to hang a heavy millstone around his throat and to be sunk in the depths of the sea +HmgHhiq1H6Y-00140-00122968-00123744 now what is he saying here he's saying that from his standpoint from a kingdom perspective +HmgHhiq1H6Y-00141-00123872-00124800 it is worse to be a spiritually a negative influence on someone than to lose your life +HmgHhiq1H6Y-00142-00124800-00125608 he's emphasizing in this language the importance of the spiritual dimension how much he wants us +HmgHhiq1H6Y-00143-00125608-00126424 to be a godly influence and it's better to lose your life than to be a negative influence now +HmgHhiq1H6Y-00144-00126424-00126976 he's not suggesting here that we go and and kill ourselves because we've done something wrong +HmgHhiq1H6Y-00145-00126976-00127648 but he's emphasizing he's teaching us a very important principle that the spiritual +HmgHhiq1H6Y-00146-00127704-00128440 is more important than one's physical well-being likewise he goes on to say look at verse eight +HmgHhiq1H6Y-00147-00128504-00129183 he uses the word woe that is unless there's a change how awful +HmgHhiq1H6Y-00148-00129183-00129959 something's going to be and beginning in verse verse 7 he talks about the world and when he +HmgHhiq1H6Y-00149-00129959-00130656 speaks about the world he's speaking to those who are committed to a worldly approach that +HmgHhiq1H6Y-00150-00130656-00131320 that emphasizes the things of the world instead of the things of the kingdom of god so verse 7 +HmgHhiq1H6Y-00151-00131424-00132280 woe to the world why literally it says from the offenses those stumbling blocks and what he means +HmgHhiq1H6Y-00152-00132280-00133136 is this woe to the world why because from the world comes these offenses these stumbling blocks +HmgHhiq1H6Y-00153-00133136-00133912 these things that produce a negative influence in in people then he says last part of verse 7 +HmgHhiq1H6Y-00154-00133992-00134712 4 it is necessary for for these offenses to come and what he means is +HmgHhiq1H6Y-00155-00134808-00135496 in this world it's a matter of fact offenses there's going to be stumbling blocks in this world +HmgHhiq1H6Y-00156-00135496-00136360 why because this world is stained with sin so when we are operating in the world from its perspective +HmgHhiq1H6Y-00157-00136360-00137080 its mindset pursuing the things of the world we are going to naturally be a stumbling block +HmgHhiq1H6Y-00158-00137152-00137888 live behave in a way that's offensive to others spiritual well-being in other words or not going +HmgHhiq1H6Y-00159-00137888-00138696 to have a godly testimony so he simply writes here woe to the world meaning the things of +HmgHhiq1H6Y-00160-00138696-00139552 this world and the character of this world because from the world comes these offenses it's natural +HmgHhiq1H6Y-00161-00139552-00140464 that offenses come from the world but he says however woe to the man that man through whom +HmgHhiq1H6Y-00162-00140584-00141544 such offenses such stumbling blocks should come this is what's vital whoa now he uses +HmgHhiq1H6Y-00163-00141544-00142432 this word twice the first time in regard to the world woe to the world and secondly to this one +HmgHhiq1H6Y-00164-00142504-00143368 who behaves in a worldly way not trusting his heavenly father not depending upon the truth +HmgHhiq1H6Y-00165-00143424-00144216 of god and he says whoa and remember what that word means how awful it will be verse +HmgHhiq1H6Y-00166-00144216-00144848 verse 8. now he's going to give an example and it's vital that you hear what he says +HmgHhiq1H6Y-00167-00144920-00145784 and what he does not say verse 8 but if your hand or your foot causes an offense +HmgHhiq1H6Y-00168-00145912-00146800 or a stumbling block to you what does he say cut them off in the texas receptus the king +HmgHhiq1H6Y-00169-00146800-00147336 james will have it in the plural cut them off some of the other bibles will make it +HmgHhiq1H6Y-00170-00147336-00147928 singular cut it off but the point here is get rid of it but listen very carefully to this +HmgHhiq1H6Y-00171-00148120-00148920 we we might use our hand to commit a sin to be a stumbling block we might use our feet to go to a +HmgHhiq1H6Y-00172-00148920-00150008 place where where unrighteous things are done so we may sin and be offensive a stumbling block with +HmgHhiq1H6Y-00173-00150008-00150592 our hands and our feet but they are not the cause it's very important that we hear what he's saying +HmgHhiq1H6Y-00174-00150648-00151544 now a few weeks ago messiah taught this he says what defiles an individual is not what he puts +HmgHhiq1H6Y-00175-00151544-00152344 into his body but what comes out from his heart and when he says if your hands or +HmgHhiq1H6Y-00176-00152344-00153064 your feet cause you to be in a fence cut it off what he's telling us is get rid of the +HmgHhiq1H6Y-00177-00153064-00153712 source of being an offense a stumbling block and what is that it's not your hands or your feet +HmgHhiq1H6Y-00178-00153776-00154672 but it's your heart we need a new heart and in the bible there is a connection between the heart and +HmgHhiq1H6Y-00179-00154672-00155464 the mind we need to get rid of our mind our way of thinking and replace it with the mind of christ +HmgHhiq1H6Y-00180-00155464-00156456 and that's why he says cut it off because it is better for you to enter into life crippled or lame +HmgHhiq1H6Y-00181-00156584-00157248 than having both hands or both feet and entering into that is to be cast into +HmgHhiq1H6Y-00182-00157392-00158032 eternal fire did you hear that eternal fire now here again +HmgHhiq1H6Y-00183-00158112-00159240 people scoff at at hell a fire damnation but this is the words of yeshua the son of god and he says +HmgHhiq1H6Y-00184-00159240-00160056 it is better for you to rid your thing rid your body of that thing which causes you to sin than it +HmgHhiq1H6Y-00185-00160056-00161064 is to hold on to that and be complete physically but be cast into eternal fire verse verse 9 +HmgHhiq1H6Y-00186-00161144-00162112 and if your eye causes you to stumble pluck it out and cast it from you why because it's better for +HmgHhiq1H6Y-00187-00162112-00162800 you if there's one eye and you enter into life and life here is synonymous with the kingdom +HmgHhiq1H6Y-00188-00162872-00163816 enter into life then having both eyes and here again being cast into and now he says he writes +HmgHhiq1H6Y-00189-00163960-00164800 into hell fire now notice he's speaking about hell and twice when he says eternal fire +HmgHhiq1H6Y-00190-00164800-00165768 and hell fire notice fire is mentioned twice it speaks of the reality of hell and pride leads us +HmgHhiq1H6Y-00191-00165832-00166384 into that experience experiencing hell it's only when we're humble and +HmgHhiq1H6Y-00192-00166384-00166784 we trust the living god who sent his son into the world then and only then +HmgHhiq1H6Y-00193-00166848-00167424 will we enter into life well close with that shalom from israel +HmgHhiq1H6Y-00194-00167712-00168072 well we hope you will benefit from today's message and share it with others +HmgHhiq1H6Y-00195-00168072-00168552 please plan to join us each week at this time and on this channel for our broadcast of +HmgHhiq1H6Y-00196-00168552-00169344 love israel.org again to find out more about us please visit our website love israel.org +HmgHhiq1H6Y-00197-00169344-00169808 there you will find articles in numerous other lectures by baruch these teachings are in video +HmgHhiq1H6Y-00198-00169808-00170336 form may download them or watch them in streaming video until next week may the +HmgHhiq1H6Y-00199-00170336-00170984 lord bless you in our messiah yeshua that is jesus as you walk with him shalom from israel +HnUcok_HrsE-00001-00013186-00013409 a total frickin monster ok +IoiN12NGSiM-00000-00000200-00000400 Seoul Popcorn Event Costume Play Fancam Fan service +I24IIAbIUpQ-00000-00009565-00011189 Please subscribe +I24IIAbIUpQ-00002-00014401-00014425 channel +I3e7iByAUHo-00000-00058779-00060004 walking tour in city BUSAN KOREA +I4jFrMfhr5Q-00001-00026219-00028902 campaign +I4jFrMfhr5Q-00002-00028902-00028968 in mumbai +I9GPK8vnVDI-00000-00000000-00000200 Ethiopian funny comedy speech +IvpQCwiNvyo-00000-00006026-00007608 ในตอนนี้จะเป็นเรื่องการเรียนรู้เกี่ยวกับการให้คำแนะนำ หรือว่าการแนะนำอะไรสักอย่างหนึ่ง เพราะฉะนั้นอาจารย์ดอมจะเน้นในเรื่องของ Can กับ Could +IvpQCwiNvyo-00001-00007608-00008720 คือคุณทำได้หรือไม่ Can you help me ? คุณช่วยฉันได้ไหม แต่ถ้าจะให้สุภาพขึ้น ฝรั่งบอกว่า ให้ใช้คำว่า Could +IvpQCwiNvyo-00002-00008720-00009194 Could you help me ? อันนี้ก็เป็นประเด็นที่มีรายละเอียดในบทเรียนนะคะ +IvpQCwiNvyo-00003-00009194-00009918 อีดอันหนึ่งที่แนะนำก็คือใช้คำที่เป็นอมตะเลย ก็คือคำว่า Please Please Please +IvpQCwiNvyo-00004-00009918-00010954 นึกอะไรไม่ออก Please กรุณา เช่นแนะนำว่าในชุมชนนี้ควรที่จะใช้ร่มนะ หรือ��ส่หมวก +IvpQCwiNvyo-00005-00010954-00012024 Please ware your hat. ก็คือใส่หมวก กรุณานั่ง แนะนำให้นั่ง Please sit down. +IvpQCwiNvyo-00006-00012024-00012888 ฟังหน่อย Please listen. ยืนหน่อย Please stand up. อะไรต่าง ๆ เหล่านี้นะคะ +IvpQCwiNvyo-00007-00012888-00013540 ก็เป็นการแนะนำ เขาใช้คำว่า Please หรือ can หรือ could นะคะ +IvpQCwiNvyo-00008-00014768-00016586 So let's look at some vocabulary we can use for giving instructions for making our instructions clear correct concise and don't forget courteous +IvpQCwiNvyo-00009-00016586-00017234 Do you remember the key word imperative ? +IvpQCwiNvyo-00010-00017234-00017664 Imperative is the form of the verb. +IvpQCwiNvyo-00011-00017664-00018296 We use to make commands now it's not very polite. +IvpQCwiNvyo-00012-00018296-00018696 It's kind of like the way we speak to children. +IvpQCwiNvyo-00013-00018732-00019034 Sit down open your book be quiet. +IvpQCwiNvyo-00014-00019034-00019601 We drop the subject just use the verb. +IvpQCwiNvyo-00015-00019601-00019872 Example sit down. +IvpQCwiNvyo-00016-00019872-00020460 Not you sit down the imperative loses the subject. +IvpQCwiNvyo-00017-00020460-00020745 We just stick with the verb +IvpQCwiNvyo-00018-00020745-00021302 sit down, open your book, be quiet. +IvpQCwiNvyo-00019-00021302-00021784 But this is not a polite way to speak to your guests. +IvpQCwiNvyo-00020-00021784-00022634 Or your co-workers or your bosses do not speak to your boss with the imperative tense. +IvpQCwiNvyo-00021-00022674-00023426 So how can we use the imperative make these commands these instructions. +IvpQCwiNvyo-00022-00023426-00023692 A bit more polite. +IvpQCwiNvyo-00023-00023760-00024390 We can add the word lets lets you know that word. +IvpQCwiNvyo-00024-00024390-00025090 Or please and it's softened the imperative a little bit. +IvpQCwiNvyo-00025-00025146-00025729 I remember one of our four C's is to be courteous be polite. +IvpQCwiNvyo-00026-00025730-00026639 We don't want to be rude and the imperative tense can sound a little bit rude. +IvpQCwiNvyo-00027-00026639-00027252 Here we have a list of instructions in the imperative. +IvpQCwiNvyo-00028-00027252-00027470 Listen to me say them +IvpQCwiNvyo-00029-00027470-00027953 Maybe you can hear it's not so courteous. +IvpQCwiNvyo-00030-00027954-00028404 Sit down, listen, turn left +IvpQCwiNvyo-00031-00028404-00028832 like your GPS turn left, take a break +IvpQCwiNvyo-00032-00028832-00029794 fill in this form not so courteous not great for giving instructions to our guests +IvpQCwiNvyo-00033-00029794-00030252 or clients or anybody maybe children. +IvpQCwiNvyo-00034-00030252-00030889 So how do we change that how do we soften it look at sit down. +IvpQCwiNvyo-00035-00030889-00031256 Let's change that to let's sit down. +IvpQCwiNvyo-00036-00031256-00031670 Immediately that becomes more courteous. +IvpQCwiNvyo-00037-00031670-00032298 Let's sit down it's not a command it's an invitation. +IvpQCwiNvyo-00038-00032327-00032924 But it's still an instruction it means I want you to sit down please. +IvpQCwiNvyo-00039-00032924-00033296 But it's more polite more courteous. +IvpQCwiNvyo-00040-00033296-00034066 Please listen please always makes any sentence more polite. +IvpQCwiNvyo-00041-00034092-00034854 We call it the magic word in English please immediately it's more polite. +IvpQCwiNvyo-00042-00034854-00035436 Please turn left again please more polite always. +IvpQCwiNvyo-00043-00035436-00036448 Take a break take a break take a break we can make that more polite more courteous by adding the word let's. +IvpQCwiNvyo-00044-00036448-00037080 Hey let's take a break it's a suggestion an invitation. +IvpQCwiNvyo-00045-00037080-00037736 You're softening making soft your command. +IvpQCwiNvyo-00046-00037736-00038136 Please fill in this form. +IvpQCwiNvyo-00047-00038136-00038690 Again please the magic word please more polite. +IvpQCwiNvyo-00048-00038690-00039238 So remember if you do want to give instructions. +IvpQCwiNvyo-00049-00039254-00040146 Try not to use the imperative tense unless you add the word let's or please. +IvpQCwiNvyo-00050-00040146-00040364 That's okay that's courteous. +IvpQCwiNvyo-00051-00040364-00041954 Okay so we can also make these instructions a bit more polite by adding model auxiliary verb. +IvpQCwiNvyo-00052-00041954-00042336 More heavy grammar names. +IvpQCwiNvyo-00053-00042336-00042688 Do you remember auxiliary verbs ? +IvpQCwiNvyo-00054-00042688-00043946 They are little verbs that can help make questions, tenses, negative, sentences, moods, can, could, should. +IvpQCwiNvyo-00055-00043946-00044350 These little words they are auxiliary verbs. +IvpQCwiNvyo-00056-00044350-00045222 And they can be used to make short questions that sound polite. +IvpQCwiNvyo-00057-00045272-00045678 The example fill in this form. +IvpQCwiNvyo-00058-00045678-00046128 That's the imperative tense it's not so polite. +IvpQCwiNvyo-00059-00046128-00046454 Fill in this form okay sorry. +IvpQCwiNvyo-00060-00046454-00046775 Let's make that more courteous. +IvpQCwiNvyo-00061-00046775-00047207 We can add the modal auxiliary verb. +IvpQCwiNvyo-00062-00047207-00047598 Don't be afraid by that grammar name. +IvpQCwiNvyo-00063-00047598-00048178 We can use the word could. Could you fill in this form ? +IvpQCwiNvyo-00064-00048178-00048534 See how we've changed the sentence. +IvpQCwiNvyo-00065-00048534-00049282 We've added could. Could you do you remember how we make questions ? +IvpQCwiNvyo-00066-00049312-00049954 We switch the subject and the first auxiliary verb. +IvpQCwiNvyo-00067-00049954-00051082 That's right it's our friends auxiliary verbs again and we are switching the subject and the auxiliary verb to make a question. +IvpQCwiNvyo-00068-00051082-00052122 Fill second main verbs in this form there's a big difference in fill in this form. +IvpQCwiNvyo-00069-00052140-00052962 And could you fill in this form the second one is much more polite. +IvpQCwiNvyo-00070-00052962-00053700 It is still an instruction it means I need you to fill in this form please. +IvpQCwiNvyo-00071-00053740-00054491 But we've changed it by adding the auxiliary verb could and making it a question +IvpQCwiNvyo-00072-00054508-00055088 to fit with our 4 C's of being courteous. +IvpQCwiNvyo-00073-00059116-00059320 Oh +IxxaKmSGwVI-00000-00001254-00001578 Welcome in this video : "Gypsy Jazz Chords" +IxxaKmSGwVI-00001-00001622-00002016 in this video I'll show you many chord shapes +IxxaKmSGwVI-00002-00002016-00002240 commonly used in gypsy jazz +IxxaKmSGwVI-00003-00002326-00002944 depending on the musical genre we play, chords will be different +IxxaKmSGwVI-00004-00002944-00003354 chords are slightly different in jazz or gypsy jazz +IxxaKmSGwVI-00005-00003386-00003861 but also, speaking of gypsy jazz, +IxxaKmSGwVI-00006-00003892-00004252 those chords shapes were influenced by various things : +IxxaKmSGwVI-00007-00004284-00004876 first, it's Django Reinhardt who played this gypsy jazz chords +IxxaKmSGwVI-00008-00004876-00005244 he was influenced by "Musette" (french music), +IxxaKmSGwVI-00009-00005244-00005860 with simple harmonies (minor/major/7 chords) +IxxaKmSGwVI-00010-00005888-00006814 and he was influenced by his hand (he had an accident as you may know) +IxxaKmSGwVI-00011-00006836-00007242 he was able to use his pinky and ring finger only for playing chords +IxxaKmSGwVI-00012-00007242-00007528 but couldn't play melodies with them +IxxaKmSGwVI-00013-00007548-00007968 so he played specific chords shapes +IxxaKmSGwVI-00014-00008016-00008392 and these chords became typical of Gypsy Jazz "Jazz manouche" +IxxaKmSGwVI-00015-00008450-00008982 this one for example was easy for him +IxxaKmSGwVI-00016-00009096-00009452 this one too +IxxaKmSGwVI-00017-00010040-00010426 we'll study that for every chord : M, m, m6 ... +IxxaKmSGwVI-00018-00010632-00011312 all the tips I give are more detailled in the video "La pompe" +IxxaKmSGwVI-00019-00011312-00011856 that lasts more than 1 hour. It's on my website guitare-improvisation.com +IxxaKmSGwVI-00020-00011856-00012244 in which I also speak a lot about right hand and chord shapes +IxxaKmSGwVI-00021-00012270-00012984 let's start ! C major. We'll start with major chords +IxxaKmSGwVI-00022-00013054-00013884 here is the basic C (root on the E string) +IxxaKmSGwVI-00023-00013922-00014516 this chord can be played in gypsy jazz (usually with the thumb) +IxxaKmSGwVI-00024-00014516-00015290 for "La pompe", using the thumb is easier that playing in barre chords +IxxaKmSGwVI-00025-00015346-00016219 and in Django recordings we often hear simple major chords +IxxaKmSGwVI-00026-00016266-00016810 mostly until 1940 it was very common +IxxaKmSGwVI-00027-00017754-00018334 a major chord can be embellished with a major 6th +IxxaKmSGwVI-00028-00018350-00018866 here is C6 +IxxaKmSGwVI-00029-00019166-00019634 this shape is not so easy to play +IxxaKmSGwVI-00030-00019738-00020174 Django Reinhardt played it like that : +IxxaKmSGwVI-00031-00020322-00020956 he used this finger for playing on 2 strings +IxxaKmSGwVI-00032-00021094-00021640 and this is really not easy, you've got to aim right inbetween the strings +IxxaKmSGwVI-00033-00022486-00022878 and you can add the 9th on the high E string +IxxaKmSGwVI-00034-00023106-00023364 another C6 : +IxxaKmSGwVI-00035-00023790-00024190 this is a chord that wasn't played by Django +IxxaKmSGwVI-00036-00024336-00025030 the 6th is in the middle of the chord, not at the top +IxxaKmSGwVI-00037-00025945-00026756 but something important is missing in that chord, let's talk about it +IxxaKmSGwVI-00038-00026952-00027454 what's important inn this style of music is the notes in the chord (quality) +IxxaKmSGwVI-00039-00027454-00027852 but also the "timber" of the chord +IxxaKmSGwVI-00040-00027870-00028277 when playing this Django chord C6 +IxxaKmSGwVI-00041-00028316-00028800 we have Root/5th/Root at the bottom (low strings) +IxxaKmSGwVI-00042-00028838-00029186 this is kind of a "powerchord" +IxxaKmSGwVI-00043-00029383-00030100 this part of the chord gives a pretty thick sound to the chord and it's essential +IxxaKmSGwVI-00044-00030727-00031652 it sounds very heavy, almost like a soft distorsion, and it can even slightly buzz +IxxaKmSGwVI-00045-00032848-00033482 this sound, called "la ronfle" (to be verified) +IxxaKmSGwVI-00046-00033482-00033878 is something extremely important in gypsy jazz +IxxaKmSGwVI-00047-00034404-00035438 if you have a "grande bouche" guitar, the low strings may sound more muddy +IxxaKmSGwVI-00048-00035476-00036208 you'll try no too get too much "ronfle" +IxxaKmSGwVI-00049-00037154-00037970 and if we want to expand the chord without playing all the strings : +IxxaKmSGwVI-00050-00037970-00038382 the fingers must mute the strings we don't want to hear +IxxaKmSGwVI-00051-00038738-00039220 now the chords shapes on this part of the neck : +IxxaKmSGwVI-00052-00039306-00039902 the C with open strings is not interesting when playing la pompe (muting the strings is complicated) +IxxaKmSGwVI-00053-00041180-00041916 a commonly used shape is this C69 +IxxaKmSGwVI-00054-00042928-00043674 this C69 contains a 6 and a 9 so it sounds pretty different from a C chord +IxxaKmSGwVI-00055-00043710-00044910 but it works very well. When you see a C chord on a chart you can play C6, C69 without any risk +IxxaKmSGwVI-00056-00045012-00046538 in jazz (not gypsy) a major chord is usually played Maj7 (after the 40's) +IxxaKmSGwVI-00057-00046602-00047676 whereas in gypsy jazz it's rare to play Maj7 (listen to the Django recordings) +IxxaKmSGwVI-00058-00047738-00047956 let's see why +IxxaKmSGwVI-00059-00047998-00049100 the Maj7 contains a dissonance between the root and the M7 +IxxaKmSGwVI-00060-00049378-00049974 when playing La pompe (percussive role) this dissonance makes the accompaniement less clear harmonically +IxxaKmSGwVI-00061-00050122-00051064 but today musician play it sometimes : it's not "forbidden" but you must play this Maj7 chord on purpose +IxxaKmSGwVI-00062-00051446-00051888 Maj7 works perfectly on ballads +IxxaKmSGwVI-00063-00051929-00052804 and some specific tunes are played with this chord : "Troublant Boléro" +IxxaKmSGwVI-00064-00053216-00054076 Now : 7 chords (major chords with a minor 7) +IxxaKmSGwVI-00065-00054076-00054655 the basic C7 barre chord : +IxxaKmSGwVI-00066-00054796-00055160 we can play it like that : +IxxaKmSGwVI-00067-00055734-00056412 or without the 5th in the middle +IxxaKmSGwVI-00068-00056412-00056882 with the 7 at the top +IxxaKmSGwVI-00069-00057862-00059060 another commonly used shape (good for "La ronfle") +IxxaKmSGwVI-00070-00059666-00060704 and C7 with the root on the A string : +IxxaKmSGwVI-00071-00060972-00061824 these simple C7 shapes (no 9, no 13) are used a lot in Django's recordings +IxxaKmSGwVI-00072-00061966-00062467 but in mainstream jazz it's never used +IxxaKmSGwVI-00073-00062529-00062884 but in gypsy jazz it works, it's part of the vocabulary +IxxaKmSGwVI-00074-00062929-00063260 however wan can add some 9 and 13 ! +IxxaKmSGwVI-00075-00063284-00063944 this one is almost always played with a major 9th +IxxaKmSGwVI-00076-00063972-00064746 or a minor 9th depending on the chord function +IxxaKmSGwVI-00077-00064860-00065760 and here we can add a 13th, which is not extremely common in gypsy jazz +IxxaKmSGwVI-00078-00065760-00065966 to my point of vue +IxxaKmSGwVI-00079-00065966-00066370 whereas in mainstream jazz it's widely used +IxxaKmSGwVI-00080-00066476-00067026 or we can add a minor 13th +IxxaKmSGwVI-00081-00067122-00067810 Tip! 7b9 chords can be substituted by diminished chords +IxxaKmSGwVI-00082-00067838-00068146 we'll see that later in the video +IxxaKmSGwVI-00083-00068166-00068514 now, m6 chords ! +IxxaKmSGwVI-00084-00068558-00069178 when a minor chord is played, it's almost always a m6 chord +IxxaKmSGwVI-00085-00069178-00069704 m7 a pretty rare, and only used for II degres in II V I +IxxaKmSGwVI-00086-00069782-00070572 starting "minor swing" with a Am7 chord is kind of a big mistake ;-) +IxxaKmSGwVI-00087-00070616-00071296 it's not forbidden of course, but it's not so typical of gypsy jazz +IxxaKmSGwVI-00088-00071394-00071932 here is Am6 +IxxaKmSGwVI-00089-00072146-00072998 m6 chords are stable, but more dissonant than m7 chords +IxxaKmSGwVI-00090-00073148-00073616 let's see the m6 shapes +IxxaKmSGwVI-00091-00073616-00074430 the most famous shape is this one +IxxaKmSGwVI-00092-00075138-00075940 another shape +IxxaKmSGwVI-00093-00076060-00077182 the 6M is at the top of this chord, so it insists on the dissonance and makes this chords more risky to use +IxxaKmSGwVI-00094-00077246-00077968 this one is less risky because the 6M is "hidden" in the middle on the chord +IxxaKmSGwVI-00095-00078470-00078868 a simple Cm works as well +IxxaKmSGwVI-00096-00079288-00079838 for Cm6 here... it's complicated : there isn't an easy shape +IxxaKmSGwVI-00097-00079838-00080292 we could play it like that (but it's hard) +IxxaKmSGwVI-00098-00080360-00080750 also on higher strings +IxxaKmSGwVI-00099-00080842-00081238 but I don't like it so much (and don't see players using it) +IxxaKmSGwVI-00100-00082026-00082694 a shape that I like (but that is not played so much) +IxxaKmSGwVI-00101-00083246-00084030 very often, m6 are played with an inversion +IxxaKmSGwVI-00102-00084064-00084496 let's play a Dm6 to illustrate that +IxxaKmSGwVI-00103-00084606-00085612 here is a Dm6 inversion (Bm7b5) widely used +IxxaKmSGwVI-00104-00085784-00086466 and another inversion that I like : +IxxaKmSGwVI-00105-00087144-00087518 m7 chords now ! +IxxaKmSGwVI-00106-00087518-00087832 a classical one +IxxaKmSGwVI-00107-00088052-00088462 this one isn't easy to play +IxxaKmSGwVI-00108-00089058-00089518 this one is used a lot +IxxaKmSGwVI-00109-00089524-00090028 (easier for Em7 for example) +IxxaKmSGwVI-00110-00090064-00090444 there are two 3rd in this chord +IxxaKmSGwVI-00111-00090444-00091194 personnaly I prefer this one (less risky if the solist plays a 9M) +IxxaKmSGwVI-00112-00091596-00092126 we can add some 9M at the top +IxxaKmSGwVI-00113-00092188-00092486 now diminished chords ! +IxxaKmSGwVI-00114-00092546-00092914 there are only 2 basic shapes +IxxaKmSGwVI-00115-00092968-00093266 here is the first shape. +IxxaKmSGwVI-00116-00093266-00094322 This chords can be transpose every minor 3rd +IxxaKmSGwVI-00117-00094396-00095550 and the second shape : +IxxaKmSGwVI-00118-00095810-00096510 With this position we can add a minor 13th (doesn't always work) +IxxaKmSGwVI-00119-00096862-00097634 And this one with a major 7th (it's a bit more risky) +IxxaKmSGwVI-00120-00097660-00098170 (depending on the musical context of course) +IxxaKmSGwVI-00121-00098352-00098960 This chord is used a lot by good guitarists +IxxaKmSGwVI-00122-00099060-00099516 and now m7b5 chords (half-diminished) +IxxaKmSGwVI-00123-00099584-00100674 2 positions for Cm7b5 +IxxaKmSGwVI-00124-00100754-00101530 theses chords are often played without any additional note (their sound is already pretty rich) +IxxaKmSGwVI-00125-00101620-00102404 Now I will play too standards : Minor swing and All of me +IxxaKmSGwVI-00126-00102438-00102952 And I will use various chords shapes +IxxaKmSGwVI-00127-00103061-00103424 Minor Swing ! +IxxaKmSGwVI-00128-00108498-00109361 Here I did a mix between 1937 version and the "modern version" +IxxaKmSGwVI-00129-00109908-00110548 simples minor chords, m6 chords, a Bb and a Bb7... +IxxaKmSGwVI-00130-00111032-00111624 Everything I played is transcribed and freely avaiilable in the links below the video +IxxaKmSGwVI-00131-00111666-00111866 All of Me ! +IxxaKmSGwVI-00132-00117502-00118380 Here I used more complicated things : chromaticism, substitutions... +IxxaKmSGwVI-00133-00119261-00120632 I hope this helped you to know which chord to use when you play Gypsy Jazz +IxxaKmSGwVI-00134-00120994-00122054 When you play try to hear if the chord is right for the music +IxxaKmSGwVI-00135-00124404-00125246 If you listen and you care about the chords you play, you'll be (or become) a good accompanist +IxxaKmSGwVI-00136-00125318-00126098 And also transcribe the original "pompe" from Django recordings ! +IxxaKmSGwVI-00137-00126144-00126990 and other gypsy jazz recordings : everything I say is based on my Django's transcriptions +IxxaKmSGwVI-00138-00128742-00130050 On my website and my YouTube channel there are thousands of videos you can work with +IxZbACtku2A-00000-00000000-00000048 Hi friends! +IxZbACtku2A-00001-00000048-00000384 It's Monica and was March my worst reading month of this year? +IxZbACtku2A-00002-00000384-00000720 [Intro Music] +IxZbACtku2A-00003-00000720-00001072 So this past month, I've only read three books, +IxZbACtku2A-00004-00001072-00001368 and I was hoping to read more, but that didn't happen. +IxZbACtku2A-00005-00001368-00001544 Anyways let's just get right to it! +IxZbACtku2A-00006-00001544-00001896 The first book I read was Daughter of the Moon Goddess by Sue Lynn Tan +IxZbACtku2A-00007-00001896-00002160 And I rated this one a 3.5 out of 5 stars. +IxZbACtku2A-00008-00002160-00002496 I did mention this book in my anticipated reads video, +IxZbACtku2A-00009-00002496-00003064 and I did enjoy this one, but I didn't love it. This one is a debut and it's inspired by the +IxZbACtku2A-00010-00003064-00003408 Chinese legend Chang'e, the Chinese moon goddess. +IxZbACtku2A-00011-00003408-00004056 And this legend tells the tale of a young woman trying to go on a quest to free her mother, +IxZbACtku2A-00012-00004056-00004440 and she ends up battling the most powerful immortal in her realm. +IxZbACtku2A-00013-00004440-00004664 We're following Xingyin, who has grown up alone +IxZbACtku2A-00014-00004664-00005000 on the moon with her mother. She grew up in an environment where she +IxZbACtku2A-00015-00005000-00005448 didn't really have much to worry about, but then it is discovered +IxZbACtku2A-00016-00005448-00005968 that she has magical powers. And she's being hidden from the Celestial Kingdom; +IxZbACtku2A-00017-00005968-00006296 more specifically, she's being hidden from the Celestial Emperor, +IxZbACtku2A-00018-00006296-00006744 who is after her mother for stealing his elixir of immortality. +IxZbACtku2A-00019-00006744-00007223 However, when her magic flares, the Celestial Kingdom takes note of that +IxZbACtku2A-00020-00007223-00007736 and she is forced to flee the moon and seek refuge in the Celestial Kingdom. +IxZbACtku2A-00021-00007736-00007864 And in the Celestial Kingdom, +IxZbACtku2A-00022-00007864-00008336 Xingyin uses this chance to disguise herself as a normal person +IxZbACtku2A-00023-00008336-00008848 and she manages to find her way to receive an education alongside the prince. +IxZbACtku2A-00024-00008848-00009168 The book then follows her quest to help save her mother +IxZbACtku2A-00025-00009168-00009520 from the clutches of the Celestial Kingdom and Emperor. +IxZbACtku2A-00026-00009520-00009736 And we follow her along her journey. +IxZbACtku2A-00027-00009736-00010032 So first, this book does read as an adult book, +IxZbACtku2A-00028-00010032-00010520 since it is labeled as that in terms of its world building and the writing itself. +IxZbACtku2A-00029-00010520-00010896 The writing itself is very lyrical and you are really enraptured +IxZbACtku2A-00030-00010896-00011280 into this Chinese inspired world that the author has made. +IxZbACtku2A-00031-00011280-00011536 And there are some elements of Young Adult in this book, +IxZbACtku2A-00032-00011536-00011976 and I'm categorizing the lyrical writing as more young adult because +IxZbACtku2A-00033-00011976-00012408 I find that I read more of that style of writing in young adult books. +IxZbACtku2A-00034-00012464-00012991 So maybe that's just me, but I have noticed that in more young adult books rather than adult books. +IxZbACtku2A-00035-00012991-00013312 Anyways, the atmosphere of the world did fit the style of writing +IxZbACtku2A-00036-00013312-00013768 to create a kingdom of immortals inspired by Chinese culture and mythology. +IxZbACtku2A-00037-00013768-00014032 Xingyin is a character, who does whatever it +IxZbACtku2A-00038-00014032-00014456 takes to help free her mother and she also, abides by her honor. +IxZbACtku2A-00039-00014456-00014936 And I did find the themes of honor, freedom, and loyalty +IxZbACtku2A-00040-00014936-00015232 throughout the book to be really refreshing. +IxZbACtku2A-00041-00015232-00015608 The thing about this particular book was that, at times, +IxZbACtku2A-00042-00015608-00015888 it was jarring because of the time jumps. +IxZbACtku2A-00043-00015888-00016208 I would have liked to see more smooth pace transitions +IxZbACtku2A-00044-00016208-00016848 and the pacing itself be more consistent. And I felt like the time jumps kind of took away +IxZbACtku2A-00045-00016848-00017192 from - us readers - connecting with the main character +IxZbACtku2A-00046-00017192-00017544 and I felt like we missed out on some of the growth of the protagonist. +IxZbACtku2A-00047-00017544-00017904 And some certain moments and scenes were rushed. +IxZbACtku2A-00048-00017904-00018200 For example, there is a small competition aspect to see +IxZbACtku2A-00049-00018200-00018504 who will be the student to learn beside the prince. +IxZbACtku2A-00050-00018568-00019008 And with that, it was just really sped up and I'm like okay now... obviously +IxZbACtku2A-00051-00019008-00019280 it's our protagonist who's going to earn that spot. +IxZbACtku2A-00052-00019280-00019488 But I feel like there's like nothing at stake there. +IxZbACtku2A-00053-00019488-00019736 It's just okay; it's just a plot device to move on. +IxZbACtku2A-00054-00019736-00020024 I think also because we were jumping through different environments +IxZbACtku2A-00055-00020024-00020416 and different places of Xingyin's storyline, +IxZbACtku2A-00056-00020472-00020752 I felt like her character didn't really experience +IxZbACtku2A-00057-00020752-00021016 that much growth throughout the book and her voice. +IxZbACtku2A-00058-00021016-00021416 The good thing about these different environments that we do read about are the different action +IxZbACtku2A-00059-00021416-00021696 sequences that are in the book and I really enjoyed that. +IxZbACtku2A-00060-00021696-00022080 There are two different love interests for our main character Xingyin +IxZbACtku2A-00061-00022080-00022376 and I just felt like it fell a little bit flat for me +IxZbACtku2A-00062-00022376-00022816 and it felt a little bit unnecessary that there is two love interests; +IxZbACtku2A-00063-00022816-00023128 so we have an unnecessary love triangle. +IxZbACtku2A-00064-00023128-00023496 I thought that one particular love confession was too sudden +IxZbACtku2A-00065-00023496-00023952 and it did feel a little bit like insta-love; because again, the time jumps made for the +IxZbACtku2A-00066-00023952-00024216 pacing to be a little bit off. I really enjoyed the love +IxZbACtku2A-00067-00024216-00024640 interest themselves as characters and their own twists to their storylines, +IxZbACtku2A-00068-00024640-00025016 but I just felt all together it could have been a little bit more interesting. +IxZbACtku2A-00069-00025016-00025592 Overall, for this book, the saving grace for me were the world building and the writing itself +IxZbACtku2A-00070-00025592-00025736 because it's really engaging. +IxZbACtku2A-00071-00025800-00026080 It's just like I didn't connect too much to the characters, +IxZbACtku2A-00072-00026080-00026416 but I think I will end up picking up the sequel to this book. +IxZbACtku2A-00073-00026416-00026783 And on to my next book that I did pick up was Gallant by VE Schwab. +IxZbACtku2A-00074-00026783-00027520 And this is a YA horror/fantasy book. Anyways, this one I rated a 3.75 out of 5 stars. +IxZbACtku2A-00075-00027520-00027736 This type of book isn't what I would usually pick up, +IxZbACtku2A-00076-00027736-00028256 but I did because it's VE Schwab. And I did previously really enjoy her other books. +IxZbACtku2A-00077-00028256-00028632 The writing was immersive and fit perfectly into the gothic horror setting. +IxZbACtku2A-00078-00028632-00029208 However, it did take me some time to get into the overall story of our characters, +IxZbACtku2A-00079-00029208-00029616 but that didn't take away the satisfaction of the payoff of the storyline. +IxZbACtku2A-00080-00029616-00029864 The actual concept of Gallant itself is quite simple +IxZbACtku2A-00081-00029864-00030224 and it's quite different from other VE Schwab books I've read. +IxZbACtku2A-00082-00030224-00030736 Since her other books are more complex in terms of its plot line and characters. +IxZbACtku2A-00083-00030736-00031080 Although, I do have to note that I have not read all of her young adult books +IxZbACtku2A-00084-00031080-00031352 and I think I've read most of her adult books +IxZbACtku2A-00085-00031352-00031800 so maybe that's a key into this author's particular style of writing. +IxZbACtku2A-00086-00031800-00032272 And I think I did see like a post on that she just writes +IxZbACtku2A-00087-00032272-00032616 for whatever audience that she thinks that she's writing for. +IxZbACtku2A-00088-00032616-00032984 So her different books are being written for different audiences. +IxZbACtku2A-00089-00032984-00033104 And I see that. +IxZbACtku2A-00090-00033104-00033336 Gallant is following Olivia Prior, +IxZbACtku2A-00091-00033336-00033728 whose only home that she's only really known is a boarding school for girls. +IxZbACtku2A-00092-00033728-00034208 And the only piece that of her past that she has is a journal from her mother, +IxZbACtku2A-00093-00034208-00034488 but in the journal itself, her mother's writing seemed +IxZbACtku2A-00094-00034488-00034832 to have descended into madness. One day, a letter from her +IxZbACtku2A-00095-00034832-00035312 uncle arrives from the Gallant manor, which is I think the home that she was born in. +IxZbACtku2A-00096-00035312-00035936 And her uncle is inviting Olivia to go back home. However, when she arrives at Gallant manor, +IxZbACtku2A-00097-00035936-00036232 she shows up and everyone's surprised at her arrival. +IxZbACtku2A-00098-00036232-00036592 But Olivia decides to stay there anyways and she has nowhere else to go. +IxZbACtku2A-00099-00036592-00036936 And within Gallant manor, there are uncovered secrets +IxZbACtku2A-00100-00036936-00037480 and a mysterious wall in the garden. And Olivia is quite determined +IxZbACtku2A-00101-00037480-00037840 to uncover those secrets. There is a supernatural element to this book +IxZbACtku2A-00102-00037840-00038328 and we get to read about ghouls and how Olivia can see them. +IxZbACtku2A-00103-00038328-00038832 And Olivia herself is really uncertain of why she can see these creatures +IxZbACtku2A-00104-00038832-00039104 and it was really fun to read about the secrets being unveiled. +IxZbACtku2A-00105-00039104-00039368 My favorite part of the book were the journal entries +IxZbACtku2A-00106-00039368-00039800 that we get to see in this book and trying to decipher what her mother was trying +IxZbACtku2A-00107-00039800-00040392 to actually say or the underlying meaning of what Olivia's mother was writing about. +IxZbACtku2A-00108-00040392-00040928 There are some illustrations in this book as well and I think it really did add to the story. +IxZbACtku2A-00109-00040928-00041552 I also really did appreciate how Olivia is a mute or she's just unable to speak; +IxZbACtku2A-00110-00041616-00042024 and the ways that Olivia is trying to communicate with others. +IxZbACtku2A-00111-00042024-00042312 For example, she does use sign language, I think, +IxZbACtku2A-00112-00042312-00042856 and she also creates noise with her environment when she's like frustrated or upset. +IxZbACtku2A-00113-00042856-00043328 In the end, Olivia is a young teenage girl, who thinks she was abandoned by her parents, +IxZbACtku2A-00114-00043328-00043736 and her development throughout her time at Gallant really shows that she can be a part +IxZbACtku2A-00115-00043736-00044312 of something bigger than herself; and that she is a part of something larger +IxZbACtku2A-00116-00044312-00044712 than just her own world that she has only known before. +IxZbACtku2A-00117-00044712-00044912 My only really big complaint about this book +IxZbACtku2A-00118-00044912-00045264 was there was like a lack of depth in the villain character +IxZbACtku2A-00119-00045320-00045776 and I felt the villain character was just there to be the bad guy. +IxZbACtku2A-00120-00045776-00046144 We don't really learn much about them, but I do think that contributes +IxZbACtku2A-00121-00046144-00046512 to the simplicity of the story of good versus evil. +IxZbACtku2A-00122-00046512-00047048 So, in the end, I still really enjoyed what I got from this book! +IxZbACtku2A-00123-00047048-00047432 And my last read that I managed to squeeze in at the end of March +IxZbACtku2A-00124-00047432-00047904 was Beach Read by Emily Henry. I rated this one a 4 out of 5 stars. +IxZbACtku2A-00125-00047904-00048376 So Beach Read is the type of romance book that has more serious topics interlaced +IxZbACtku2A-00126-00048376-00048576 throughout the romance story +IxZbACtku2A-00127-00048576-00049072 and I feel the author did a very good job at balancing those two aspects of the book. +IxZbACtku2A-00128-00049072-00049472 We are following January Andrews, who is facing the worst writer's +IxZbACtku2A-00129-00049472-00049680 block of her life since her father's death. +IxZbACtku2A-00130-00049680-00050128 Now, she's spending the summer in the beach house that she inherited and trying +IxZbACtku2A-00131-00050128-00050456 to figure out what to do about this book she has to write. +IxZbACtku2A-00132-00050456-00051072 However, the neighboring beach house to January's is being occupied by her old college rival, +IxZbACtku2A-00133-00051072-00051352 Augustus Everett, and who also happens +IxZbACtku2A-00134-00051352-00051767 to be a famous author as well and he's also facing writer's block. +IxZbACtku2A-00135-00051767-00052248 They figure out that their neighbors and they take on a challenge for each other +IxZbACtku2A-00136-00052248-00052391 to switch their genres +IxZbACtku2A-00137-00052455-00052928 and figure out if they can actually write a book that they need to. +IxZbACtku2A-00138-00052928-00053384 Gus is a literary fiction author while January is a romance author +IxZbACtku2A-00139-00053440-00053784 so it's really fun to see them switch up their genres. +IxZbACtku2A-00140-00053784-00054232 And of course, it is a romance book so we do get to see the relationship developed +IxZbACtku2A-00141-00054232-00054296 throughout the book. +IxZbACtku2A-00142-00054296-00054584 The relationship aspect of this book is very well written. +IxZbACtku2A-00143-00054584-00054888 There's the banter, teasing, and the gradual slow burn +IxZbACtku2A-00144-00054888-00055191 into something more serious as January and Gus go on +IxZbACtku2A-00145-00055191-00055528 like little field trips - little field research trips - +IxZbACtku2A-00146-00055528-00055888 with each other to find out more about each other's genre. +IxZbACtku2A-00147-00055888-00056312 I really enjoyed the trope of like the "what could have been" romances and since +IxZbACtku2A-00148-00056312-00056791 they are old college rivals and having their friendship build up; +IxZbACtku2A-00149-00056791-00057328 you feel that there is something more underneath the surface that does really come out +IxZbACtku2A-00150-00057328-00057464 and shine in this book. +IxZbACtku2A-00151-00057464-00057696 Basically, what we are reading throughout this book +IxZbACtku2A-00152-00057696-00058032 is their gradual emotional connection that's building up, +IxZbACtku2A-00153-00058032-00058336 because there is the obvious physical connection that they have. +IxZbACtku2A-00154-00058336-00058816 But I really enjoyed that slow emotional growth that they had together with each other +IxZbACtku2A-00155-00058816-00059152 and also within themselves. So I really love the rivals to +IxZbACtku2A-00156-00059152-00059479 friends to lovers arc that our couple had. +IxZbACtku2A-00157-00059479-00059744 And one thing I do want to mention was like the length of this book, +IxZbACtku2A-00158-00059744-00060240 which is around 360-ish pages. I felt like it was a little bit too long +IxZbACtku2A-00159-00060240-00060808 for a romance book and some of the chapters kind of dragged on for a romance book for myself. +IxZbACtku2A-00160-00060879-00061136 And I just feel like maybe it's personal preference, +IxZbACtku2A-00161-00061136-00061624 but I do like shorter chapters, especially in a contemporary read. +IxZbACtku2A-00162-00061624-00061816 But that didn't take away from the exploration +IxZbACtku2A-00163-00061816-00062264 of the themes of grief, love, confronting your past, and loyalty. +IxZbACtku2A-00164-00062264-00062767 So with January, she is confronting the loss of her father as well as +IxZbACtku2A-00165-00062767-00063336 the truth of her father having a mistress and she's inherited this beach house. +IxZbACtku2A-00166-00063336-00064096 And, also previously, her mother had recovered from cancer so January does have a lot going on +IxZbACtku2A-00167-00064096-00064712 underneath the surface and what has actually inspired her to become an author of romance books. +IxZbACtku2A-00168-00064712-00065120 And the best thing going for January, at this point, was her writing, +IxZbACtku2A-00169-00065120-00065440 but everything falls apart since her father passed away. +IxZbACtku2A-00170-00065440-00065728 So following her struggles was really interesting +IxZbACtku2A-00171-00065728-00066176 since January is the type of character to believe in happily ever afters. +IxZbACtku2A-00172-00066176-00066584 On the other hand, Gus is more of a mystery to the readers, as well as January, +IxZbACtku2A-00173-00066584-00067024 since we don't find out much more about him and his past until like the +IxZbACtku2A-00174-00067024-00067488 halfway point of this book. His story is one of loneliness, heartbreak, +IxZbACtku2A-00175-00067488-00067920 and covering up your emotions. Gus is the literary fiction author +IxZbACtku2A-00176-00067920-00068408 so he writes darker stories. But, with his research aspect of the book, +IxZbACtku2A-00177-00068408-00068928 we do get to meet people, who are from a cult, and I feel like the cult side story +IxZbACtku2A-00178-00069008-00069264 was one that I really wanted to read more about. +IxZbACtku2A-00179-00069264-00069696 And I feel like the subplot might have distracted or overshadowed January's +IxZbACtku2A-00180-00069696-00070008 story at times. Other than that, the ending did make me cry +IxZbACtku2A-00181-00070008-00070448 with the resolution of January's story and how the relationship has developed. +IxZbACtku2A-00182-00070448-00070744 Beach Read is a book that has a lot more substance +IxZbACtku2A-00183-00070744-00071016 than what you would first expect from a romance book. +IxZbACtku2A-00184-00071080-00071584 And I do like these types of romance books that have like a deeper meaning to them +IxZbACtku2A-00185-00071584-00071904 so I do think with these types of romance contemporary books. +IxZbACtku2A-00186-00071904-00072232 I will like space them out because sometimes the topics that +IxZbACtku2A-00187-00072232-00072816 they cover are heavy and I feel like I need to find lighter contemporary romance books to read +IxZbACtku2A-00188-00072816-00073096 that are not dealing with so many hard-hitting topics. +IxZbACtku2A-00189-00073096-00073784 I'm slowly getting back into my fantasy roots and I think I will be reading more romance books, +IxZbACtku2A-00190-00073784-00074128 but maybe not as much as I had the past two months. +IxZbACtku2A-00191-00074128-00074568 Those were all the books I've read in March. I really hope you enjoyed watching this video. +IxZbACtku2A-00192-00074568-00074904 Don't forget to give me a big thumbs up, hit that subscribe button down below, +IxZbACtku2A-00193-00074904-00075192 and ring that notification bell to not miss any future uploads. +IxZbACtku2A-00194-00075192-00075332 I'll see you all soon! +IxZbACtku2A-00195-00075332-00076834 [Outro Music] +IC8yU4LwGV8-00000-00063579-00063879 I meant to say the file size is 1.35MB. +IC8yU4LwGV8-00001-00064150-00064550 Update. The maximum file size is actually 1MB despite what Youtube says. +IC8yU4LwGV8-00002-00064829-00065580 I didn't mean "scale", I meant "crop" off some of the bottom. But a easier way to do it is just to lower the quality when you save it and keep checking if you made it under the limit. +IHFJYgAMUHo-00000-00000083-00000202 G'kitten Internet! +IHFJYgAMUHo-00001-00000202-00000537 This is actually the third time I've attempted to record this video because, fun fact: my +IHFJYgAMUHo-00002-00000537-00000821 camera can overheat! +IHFJYgAMUHo-00003-00000821-00001049 So... +IHFJYgAMUHo-00004-00001049-00001570 I did not upload a video yesterday because, I recorded it and it sucked. +IHFJYgAMUHo-00005-00001570-00002068 It was boring, I didn't even like looking at it when it came to editing and, what I'm +IHFJYgAMUHo-00006-00002068-00002316 trying to do is actually have fun with my videos. +IHFJYgAMUHo-00007-00002316-00002763 Talk about things I want to talk about, not just record a vlog because I have to or anything +IHFJYgAMUHo-00008-00002763-00003002 like that, so, no video yesterday! +IHFJYgAMUHo-00009-00003002-00003475 One thing I did want to mention though, is that I'm trying to have some themes for certain +IHFJYgAMUHo-00010-00003475-00003950 days and Tuesday is going to be Tech Tuesday, which means that I'm going to be talking about +IHFJYgAMUHo-00011-00003950-00004050 tech. +IHFJYgAMUHo-00012-00004050-00004405 In this case, I'm going to be talking about a recent somewhat major tech purchase that +IHFJYgAMUHo-00013-00004405-00004505 I've had. +IHFJYgAMUHo-00014-00004505-00004846 So, let me quickly go over the types of things that I've purchased before. +IHFJYgAMUHo-00015-00004846-00005310 This well this is the box, but this is my first tablet, which is an HP Touchpad. +IHFJYgAMUHo-00016-00005310-00005530 I.. kind of liked my touchpad. +IHFJYgAMUHo-00017-00005530-00005902 I found that I didn't really end up using it because it was really bulky and heavy. +IHFJYgAMUHo-00018-00005902-00006401 If you're familiar with an original iPad.. it's identical to an original iPad. +IHFJYgAMUHo-00019-00006401-00006718 I think it is even using the same screen. +IHFJYgAMUHo-00020-00006718-00007170 I sold this a few years ago, because I wasn't using it. +IHFJYgAMUHo-00021-00007170-00007894 And.. about three years ago, I decided that I wanted something smaller, so I have my Nexus +IHFJYgAMUHo-00022-00007894-00007994 7. +IHFJYgAMUHo-00023-00007994-00008378 I've shown this in a video before Nexus 7. +IHFJYgAMUHo-00024-00008378-00008677 Battery's currently dead, so its not going to turn on. +IHFJYgAMUHo-00025-00008677-00009196 This is a slightly different case than I had before, but I.. greatly liked my Nexus 7. +IHFJYgAMUHo-00026-00009196-00009609 I loved this tablet so much. +IHFJYgAMUHo-00027-00009609-00009899 Unfortunately I loved it enough where- you can actually see the stairs back there. +IHFJYgAMUHo-00028-00009899-00010378 One morning, about three months ago, I was walking down the stairs, I tripped, I fell, +IHFJYgAMUHo-00029-00010378-00010478 tablet went.. +IHFJYgAMUHo-00030-00010478-00010739 SPLAT. +IHFJYgAMUHo-00031-00010739-00011024 Landed screen-side, shattered the screen. +IHFJYgAMUHo-00032-00011024-00011306 Also, destroyed the digitizer while I was at it. +IHFJYgAMUHo-00033-00011306-00011657 I've replaced the screen and digitizer, but unfortunately in the process of repairing +IHFJYgAMUHo-00034-00011657-00012327 this tablet, I.. damaged one of the connectors on a daughterboard, and now it has basically +IHFJYgAMUHo-00035-00012327-00012794 this line of- this horizontal line that goes across it. +IHFJYgAMUHo-00036-00012794-00013166 Just.. touchscreen doesn't work. +IHFJYgAMUHo-00037-00013166-00013566 So, recently I decided to pick up a new tablet. +IHFJYgAMUHo-00038-00013566-00014519 This is my ASUS Zenpad 3S 10, because dang do people suck at actually making names for +IHFJYgAMUHo-00039-00014519-00014641 tech devices. +IHFJYgAMUHo-00040-00014641-00015151 Holy crap, I need to rant about that at some other.. video, but. +IHFJYgAMUHo-00041-00015151-00015569 This is a 9.7 inch 4 by 3 aspect ratio tablet. +IHFJYgAMUHo-00042-00015569-00016086 I can even turn this on, although it is getting a little late. +IHFJYgAMUHo-00043-00016086-00016503 The specs don't really matter that much, I'll just go over briefly the ones that I care +IHFJYgAMUHo-00044-00016503-00016603 about. +IHFJYgAMUHo-00045-00016603-00017055 It has - it runs Android 6.0, unfortunately, I wish that it was on a more modern version. +IHFJYgAMUHo-00046-00017055-00017563 It has 4 gig of RAM, it has 64 gig of storage, it has a MicroSD card slot, so I can add in +IHFJYgAMUHo-00047-00017563-00017734 additional storage - up to.. +IHFJYgAMUHo-00048-00017734-00018073 I think 256 gig additional. +IHFJYgAMUHo-00049-00018073-00018288 Front facing camera, rear facing camera. +IHFJYgAMUHo-00050-00018288-00018875 No flash, because it is a tablet, why am I taking pictures with my tablet? +IHFJYgAMUHo-00051-00018875-00019234 USB -C port, which is one of the major features that I wanted since everything else that I +IHFJYgAMUHo-00052-00019234-00019768 own is now USB-C (except for my desktop). +IHFJYgAMUHo-00053-00019768-00020071 And it even has... a stylus! +IHFJYgAMUHo-00054-00020071-00020494 This is an active stylus, so it is not one of those that basically emulate your pinky. +IHFJYgAMUHo-00055-00020494-00020981 It is a real stylus, so I can do drawings on it and it is relatively fine tipped. +IHFJYgAMUHo-00056-00020981-00021109 Works fairly well. +IHFJYgAMUHo-00057-00021109-00021456 I'm not very good at drawing - I'll include one of the drawings that I've done over to +IHFJYgAMUHo-00058-00021456-00021609 the right (left). +IHFJYgAMUHo-00059-00021609-00022102 But.. it is good enough for my sketches and that's mostly what I wanted to be able to +IHFJYgAMUHo-00060-00022102-00022430 do is to do a quick sketch while I'm roleplaying. +IHFJYgAMUHo-00061-00022430-00022988 Maybe draw out a couple of maps, especially when I'm running games, it is very helpful. +IHFJYgAMUHo-00062-00022988-00023204 That's about it. +IHFJYgAMUHo-00063-00023204-00023695 So, I primarily use my tablet as a media consumption device. +IHFJYgAMUHo-00064-00023695-00023954 That's really what tablets are meant for. +IHFJYgAMUHo-00065-00023984-00024384 In this case I use it primarily to read things. Especially in the morning. +IHFJYgAMUHo-00066-00024384-00024600 When I first get up, this is the device that I read. +IHFJYgAMUHo-00067-00025152-00025424 I also use it for watching YouTube videos +IHFJYgAMUHo-00068-00025432-00026592 (Captions to be continued at a later date - YouTube glitch, will fix later!) +IQ1z5LQQQ3y-00000-00000000-00000240 We all know about data, right? +IQ1z5LQQQ3y-00001-00000240-00000492 But we want to take you to a whole new data place +IQ1z5LQQQ3y-00002-00000492-00000672 We are going META +IQ1z5LQQQ3y-00003-00000672-00000944 Metadata is data about data +IQ1z5LQQQ3y-00004-00000944-00001352 it's generated by virtaully every way you communicate in 21st century life +IQ1z5LQQQ3y-00005-00001352-00001728 Here are two people communicating today +IQ1z5LQQQ3y-00006-00001728-00001971 Let's say we know nothing about what they're saying +IQ1z5LQQQ3y-00007-00001971-00002284 we can still learn a lot about them from other information we can glean +IQ1z5LQQQ3y-00008-00002284-00002572 Metadata is this intelligence +IQ1z5LQQQ3y-00009-00002572-00003032 So this means things like locations, times, durations and data about the device you used +IQ1z5LQQQ3y-00010-00003032-00003472 but it also includes the same information about everyone who you're communicating with +IQ1z5LQQQ3y-00011-00003472-00003647 when, where and for how long +IQ1z5LQQQ3y-00012-00003647-00003984 Web browsing constantly generates metadata too +IQ1z5LQQQ3y-00013-00003984-00004408 and of course you probably declare some of this stuff to your cellphone social networking services +IQ1z5LQQQ3y-00014-00004408-00004800 but a lot more than you know about is being collected by these companies +IQ1z5LQQQ3y-00015-00004800-00005108 including information about your devices, where you log in from +IQ1z5LQQQ3y-00016-00005108-00005496 what time you are checking your feed, who you are looking at and what it is you are searching for +IQ1z5LQQQ3y-00017-00005496-00005932 the creation and disclosure of metadata even continues when we sleep +IQ1z5LQQQ3y-00018-00005932-00006343 because our devices are continuously communicating with cell tower and other networks +IQ1z5LQQQ3y-00019-00006343-00006607 about what we are doing and not doing +IQ1z5LQQQ3y-00020-00006607-00006860 you actually don't have to do anything to produce metadata +IQ1z5LQQQ3y-00021-00006860-00007056 which is a bit nuts +IQ1z5LQQQ3y-00022-00007056-00007395 when it is all put together, metadata says a lot about you +IQ1z5LQQQ3y-00023-00007395-00007723 So, obviously, the data control is golden egg +IQ1z5LQQQ3y-00024-00007723-00007992 It's highly valuable for advertising purposes +IQ1z5LQQQ3y-00025-00007992-00008420 because by generating these vast profiles of an individual's private life and interactions +IQ1z5LQQQ3y-00026-00008420-00008836 companies will compete to target us with marketing and advertising +IQ1z5LQQQ3y-00027-00008836-00009000 We know this. +IQ1z5LQQQ3y-00028-00009000-00009392 We see evidence of it in the right hand ad panel of most sites we ever visit these days +IQ1z5LQQQ3y-00029-00009392-00009835 But it is not just industry that is so hungry to metadata +IQ1z5LQQQ3y-00030-00009835-00010243 Not very long ago, if governments and police wanted to know things about you, like +IQ1z5LQQQ3y-00031-00010243-00010592 where you had been and who you are friends with, what newspapers you read +IQ1z5LQQQ3y-00032-00010592-00010996 they would have to question you or get a warrant to pursue their investigations +IQ1z5LQQQ3y-00033-00010996-00011403 but not anymore... metadata tells them instantly +IQ1z5LQQQ3y-00034-00011403-00011979 and since as we've seen, it doesn't contain the content of your communications +IQ1z5LQQQ3y-00035-00011979-00012259 metadata isn't given the same legal protections +IQ1z5LQQQ3y-00036-00012259-00012692 despite revealing just as much if not more as the content of our exchanges themselves +IQ1z5LQQQ3y-00037-00012692-00013360 You might have actually already heard of metadata, because "just metadata" is something governments talk about a lot +IQ1z5LQQQ3y-00038-00013360-00013840 "it's just plain old metadata, that's all we are gathering, not spying on the content +IQ1z5LQQQ3y-00039-00013840-00014384 of your emails or phone calls. [?]. Just plain old metadata. Nothing to worry about +IQ1z5LQQQ3y-00040-00014384-00014519 Carry on with what you're doing. +IQ1z5LQQQ3y-00041-00014519-00014787 Since metadata reveals relationships +IQ1z5LQQQ3y-00042-00014787-00015068 access requests for this information are very broad +IQ1z5LQQQ3y-00043-00015068-00015480 and governments require that companies collect and store these data for years +IQ1z5LQQQ3y-00044-00015480-00016019 So think about this: who is everyone you spoke to in the past year? +IQ1z5LQQQ3y-00045-00016019-00016347 who did they speak to and who did those people speak to +IQ1z5LQQQ3y-00046-00016347-00016872 Are you aboslutely sure that not one of all those people could be suspected of a crime? +IQ1z5LQQQ3y-00047-00016872-00017168 or be of any interest to your or any other government? +IQ1z5LQQQ3y-00048-00017168-00017516 because if they are, then that makes <i>you</i> part of the network +IQ1z5LQQQ3y-00049-00017516-00017983 Surveillance of this kind automatically places you within the net +IQ1z5LQQQ3y-00050-00017983-00018180 without any wrongdoing on your part +IQ1z5LQQQ3y-00051-00018180-00018412 what has happened to your rights here? +IQ1z5LQQQ3y-00052-00018412-00018816 conclusions based on assimilated metadata are often entirely circumstantial +IQ1z5LQQQ3y-00053-00018816-00019288 So, on top of everythink else, this is leaving us in serious ethical murky water +IQ1z5LQQQ3y-00054-00019288-00019628 all because you knew someone who knew someone who knew someone of interest +IQ1z5LQQQ3y-00055-00019628-00019940 or all because you were somewhere where someone of interest was +IQ1z5LQQQ3y-00056-00019940-00020396 but "it is only metadata", right? it only paints a very accurate picture of you +IQ1z5LQQQ3y-00057-00020396-00020736 based on a compilation of your locations, contacts, interests, reading habits, searches +IQ1z5LQQQ3y-00058-00020736-00021100 friends, family, professional and personal life and history over extended periods of time +IQ1z5LQQQ3y-00059-00021100-00021435 What's the big deal? +IQ1z5LQQQ3y-00060-00021435-00021744 On the other hand, if you'd like to see it get the legal protection it deserves +IQ1z5LQQQ3y-00061-00021744-00022183 Privacy International are fighting to end indiscriminated metadata collection and retention +IQ1z5LQQQ3y-00062-00022183-00022600 Learn more and join us at www.privacyinternational.org +IWKuGj5rgYU-00000-00000045-00000147 Hi! +IWKuGj5rgYU-00001-00000147-00000844 I am with my friend Laura,thank you very much because you agreed to...to be with me in this +IWKuGj5rgYU-00002-00000844-00001388 video.I want to improvise together about "to admire".I been thinking that...the past days...when +IWKuGj5rgYU-00003-00001388-00002020 I have a lot of negative thoughts and I can't get rid of them,I don't manage to get rid +IWKuGj5rgYU-00004-00002020-00002469 of,to admire someone helped me a lot to get out just like that suddenly from that state +IWKuGj5rgYU-00005-00002469-00002933 and I remembered about admiration law in self development.I don't describe it now but to +IWKuGj5rgYU-00006-00002933-00003169 admire instead of to envy or something like that brings you... +IWKuGj5rgYU-00007-00003169-00003542 I don't know,positive energy and I think you become a person to be admired too,I don't +IWKuGj5rgYU-00008-00003542-00004112 know...and you live in a positive energy.These days the admiration law helped me and that's +IWKuGj5rgYU-00009-00004112-00004568 why I thought,I thank Pera Novacovici,I admire him a lot,Anthony Hopkins,Marius Simion,Daniel +IWKuGj5rgYU-00010-00004568-00004902 Zarnescu and Gratian Sonu and Laura Daniela Floroiu,is my coach and.... +IWKuGj5rgYU-00011-00004902-00005024 -What a select company,thank you. +IWKuGj5rgYU-00012-00005024-00005238 -Thank you too,for you what does it mean "to admire?" +IWKuGj5rgYU-00013-00005238-00005757 -For me "to admire" mans to bring in your life what you admire. +IWKuGj5rgYU-00014-00005757-00005857 -Awesome! +IWKuGj5rgYU-00015-00005857-00006878 -Is very simple and I deal with this all the time. +IWKuGj5rgYU-00016-00006878-00007709 -And how could you bring...if someone doesn't know this phenomenon you are talking about +IWKuGj5rgYU-00017-00007709-00008471 how could you tell that someone "Look,do this and bring that in your life..." +IWKuGj5rgYU-00018-00008471-00009164 -I simply say if you don't like the way your life looks like find people who live the way +IWKuGj5rgYU-00019-00009164-00010128 you would like to live,admire them and you will get to live like them too. +IWKuGj5rgYU-00020-00010128-00010346 -Thank you,thank you,thank you! +IWKuGj5rgYU-00021-00010346-00010554 -Is very simple. +IWKuGj5rgYU-00022-00010554-00011088 Fof you what does it mean? +IWKuGj5rgYU-00023-00011088-00011200 Bye! +IWMwVPI9gLM-00000-00000372-00000789 a student snapshot looks like this, has all of their classes here to the left +IWMwVPI9gLM-00001-00000789-00001287 and on the right where they're supposed to be it has a little pink dot and if +IWMwVPI9gLM-00002-00001287-00001425 they're missing -- +IWMwVPI9gLM-00003-00001425-00001980 what their scores are, so for example like this student has 19 out of 19 on a math that means +IWMwVPI9gLM-00004-00001980-00002088 she finished math +IWMwVPI9gLM-00005-00002088-00002538 um but English is a struggle for her, she has 4 out of 11 and 6 out of 11 +IWMwVPI9gLM-00006-00002538-00002997 now if she felt like she wasn't quite sure why she had that, she could pull +IWMwVPI9gLM-00007-00002997-00003665 this up and so you can look right here and you can see that she has 3 for +IWMwVPI9gLM-00008-00003665-00004146 assignments so that means she was proficient but some of them are 2.5s and +IWMwVPI9gLM-00009-00004146-00004224 what -- +IWMwVPI9gLM-00010-00004224-00004689 and as the teacher -- or, the program is just a program so it will not update +IWMwVPI9gLM-00011-00004689-00004983 their overall score to a 3, +IWMwVPI9gLM-00012-00004983-00005445 that is the teacher's job and so I look at this, I'm the teacher I created +IWMwVPI9gLM-00013-00005445-00005640 assignments I know that -- +IWMwVPI9gLM-00014-00005640-00006120 sorry-that these Act 2 responses she got chances to redo those, and to redo +IWMwVPI9gLM-00015-00006120-00006551 those, her theme essay was supposed to be done on it by herself and to +IWMwVPI9gLM-00016-00006551-00007115 demonstrate full mastery and she still has a 2.5, I did give her some feedback but +IWMwVPI9gLM-00017-00007115-00007559 she's back there working on that and so until that gets done at a 3, I'm not going +IWMwVPI9gLM-00018-00007559-00008022 to update the overall standard to proficiency for a 3 +IWMwVPI9gLM-00019-00008022-00008367 same thing with source material she has 1 assignment, that's all we did for +IWMwVPI9gLM-00020-00008367-00008915 that particular standard and she scored a 2.5. You can see here her 1st +IWMwVPI9gLM-00021-00008915-00009324 time out she scored a 2, but then she scored a 3, and so I updated the +IWMwVPI9gLM-00022-00009324-00009774 overall to a 3. So they're able to get in here and so even though they +IWMwVPI9gLM-00023-00009774-00010022 can't see the task grade book +IWMwVPI9gLM-00024-00010022-00010419 they can see when I have entered the scores for that particular task and how +IWMwVPI9gLM-00025-00010419-00010749 that shows up into their snapshot and then they are able to ask me questions +IWMwVPI9gLM-00026-00010749-00010836 about that +IXs_kxsWtGy-00000-00000000-00001097 Thank you so much for your support for subscribing and like. +IZRlHEXMN5o-00000-00000451-00001045 See my brown and bearded face. It is... at rest. +IZRlHEXMN5o-00001-00001045-00001401 I am listening to you, eyebrows raised to show you that +IZRlHEXMN5o-00002-00001401-00001923 I am thinking and listening. Sometimes, when I am thinking and listening +IZRlHEXMN5o-00003-00001923-00002314 intently, these eyebrows shoot up really high, +IZRlHEXMN5o-00004-00002314-00002948 making me look quite surprised or goofy. If that happens when you and I talk in person, +IZRlHEXMN5o-00005-00002948-00003647 you can laugh if you want. watch... watch my eyebrows. +IZRlHEXMN5o-00006-00003757-00004065 His fist hit my cheek like this +IZRlHEXMN5o-00007-00004065-00004512 But I didn't see his fist so it came out of nowhere +IZRlHEXMN5o-00008-00004512-00004837 I only remember his brown and bearded young face— +IZRlHEXMN5o-00009-00004837-00005494 confused, he looked confused to me. My head rocked to the side +IZRlHEXMN5o-00010-00005494-00005870 like this then a numb ringing. +IZRlHEXMN5o-00011-00005870-00006382 I have never been in a fight I had been trying to listen to him—intently +IZRlHEXMN5o-00012-00006382-00006910 It was hard for me to understand his world his world—a troubled teen in this +IZRlHEXMN5o-00013-00006910-00007354 in-between halfway house where I was supposed to be his mentor +IZRlHEXMN5o-00014-00007354-00007842 and my role was to listen, intently to what he had to say +IZRlHEXMN5o-00015-00007842-00008364 and he had chosen to hit me. confused, I was confused. +IZRlHEXMN5o-00016-00008364-00008627 I looked in the mirror the next morning as I brushed my teeth +IZRlHEXMN5o-00017-00008627-00009143 There was no mark on my cheek but I was thinking... intently +IZRlHEXMN5o-00018-00009143-00009385 like this. +IZRlHEXMN5o-00019-00009385-00009820 And I saw a brown angry man glowering back at me +IZRlHEXMN5o-00020-00009820-00010081 with furrowed eyebrows. +IZRlHEXMN5o-00021-00010081-00010382 I looked just like the pictures that American newspapers +IZRlHEXMN5o-00022-00010382-00010713 love to show of brown and bearded men +IZRlHEXMN5o-00023-00010713-00011206 burning flags and shouting, always somewhere over "there"... +IZRlHEXMN5o-00024-00011206-00011575 Do you know the pictures I am talking about? +IZRlHEXMN5o-00025-00011575-00012275 So. I don't know if calm and controlled eyebrows are an Anglo thing, an Academic thing, an +IZRlHEXMN5o-00026-00012349-00012795 American thing a feminist thing, a middle-class thing, a +IZRlHEXMN5o-00027-00012795-00013257 polite thing or just my own paranoid fears. +IZRlHEXMN5o-00028-00013257-00013957 I just know that I don't dare to perform thinking in the ways that I used to think +IZRlHEXMN5o-00029-00013980-00014280 for fear that my eyebrows might betray me +IZRlHEXMN5o-00030-00014280-00014747 might betray that I learned how to think growing up in South India and Yemen +IZRlHEXMN5o-00031-00014747-00015138 might betray that my dark brown Dravidian body +IZRlHEXMN5o-00032-00015138-00015585 looks very different when performing the words for "thinking" that look +IZRlHEXMN5o-00033-00015585-00015809 so thoughtful +IZRlHEXMN5o-00034-00015809-00016106 on a white Anglo-European body +IZRlHEXMN5o-00035-00016106-00016361 and that difference matters even today +IZRlHEXMN5o-00036-00016361-00016928 where I live and labor in colonial New England's white privilege +IZRlHEXMN5o-00037-00016928-00017548 So this is my body performing thinking and listening now. +IZRlHEXMN5o-00038-00017548-00017956 I don't have a mark on my cheek but thinking, metaphorically, +IZRlHEXMN5o-00039-00017956-00018281 is always and already a physically marked performance +IZRlHEXMN5o-00040-00018281-00018668 of race and racialization on our bodies +IZRlHEXMN5o-00041-00018668-00018850 in between our eyebrows. +IbzYBjZ0COy-00000-00000561-00000734 Ali is a pure-hearted person.. +IbzYBjZ0COy-00001-00000936-00001171 .. and the right to gain his love.. +IbzYBjZ0COy-00002-00001329-00001459 ..is only for.. +IbzYBjZ0COy-00003-00001513-00001672 ..the one who is worthy of him. +IetQSifzJHI-00000-00000000-00000284 That easy, Right? +IetQSifzJHI-00001-00000284-00000528 Hi, guys! I'm beauly of 1 minute review. +IetQSifzJHI-00002-00000528-00001124 Today's item is Beu-Lab Color Palette that you can mix gel polishes or cosmetics !! +IetQSifzJHI-00003-00001124-00001304 The first tip of using this item! +IetQSifzJHI-00004-00001304-00001504 You guys can make your own color or glitter +IetQSifzJHI-00005-00001504-00001778 then store it when you do nail art +IetQSifzJHI-00006-00001778-00001950 the color of this palette is black. +IetQSifzJHI-00007-00001950-00002112 It makes decrease light transmittance +IetQSifzJHI-00008-00002112-00002364 So gel polishes don't set hard easily ! +IetQSifzJHI-00009-00002364-00002560 The second tip of using this item! +IetQSifzJHI-00010-00002560-00002742 Squeeze the paints before you use it. +IetQSifzJHI-00011-00002742-00003056 You can use it easily when you draw something. That easy. +IetQSifzJHI-00012-00003074-00003292 The third tip of using this item! +IetQSifzJHI-00013-00003300-00003504 It is enough to use for make-up palette. +IetQSifzJHI-00014-00003520-00003811 When your eye shadow was broken +IetQSifzJHI-00015-00003811-00004002 On palette, put the broken eye shadow and alcohol +IetQSifzJHI-00016-00004002-00004360 Mix then push tightly for removing wetness! +IetQSifzJHI-00017-00004360-00004606 Your favorite eye shadow is reborn! +IetQSifzJHI-00018-00004606-00004734 In addition, you can store your brushes +IetQSifzJHI-00019-00004738-00004920 Absolutely Perfect. +IetQSifzJHI-00020-00004920-00005158 If you guys get the Beu-Lab Palette, +IetQSifzJHI-00021-00005162-00005328 you don't need to worry about make your own palette. +IetQSifzJHI-00022-00005328-00005674 I hope you could LIKE and subscribe this video! +IetQSifzJHI-00023-00005674-00006016 So far, It's beauly 's 1 minute review. I’ve got to get going. See you soon! +IkmXc_58M2g-00000-00000010-00000240 IT WAS UNREAL. +IkmXc_58M2g-00001-00000240-00000246 IT WAS UNREAL. +IkmXc_58M2g-00002-00000246-00000470 IT WAS UNREAL. >> AJ: AND TOMORROW NIGHT THE +IkmXc_58M2g-00003-00000470-00000477 IT WAS UNREAL. >> AJ: AND TOMORROW NIGHT THE +IkmXc_58M2g-00004-00000477-00000630 IT WAS UNREAL. >> AJ: AND TOMORROW NIGHT THE BEMIDJI STATE WOMEN'S HOCKEY +IkmXc_58M2g-00005-00000630-00000637 >> AJ: AND TOMORROW NIGHT THE BEMIDJI STATE WOMEN'S HOCKEY +IkmXc_58M2g-00006-00000637-00000780 >> AJ: AND TOMORROW NIGHT THE BEMIDJI STATE WOMEN'S HOCKEY TEAM TAKES CENTER STAGE AS THEY +IkmXc_58M2g-00007-00000780-00000787 BEMIDJI STATE WOMEN'S HOCKEY TEAM TAKES CENTER STAGE AS THEY +IkmXc_58M2g-00008-00000787-00000980 BEMIDJI STATE WOMEN'S HOCKEY TEAM TAKES CENTER STAGE AS THEY WILL TAKE ON MINNESOTA STATE +IkmXc_58M2g-00009-00000980-00000987 TEAM TAKES CENTER STAGE AS THEY WILL TAKE ON MINNESOTA STATE +IkmXc_58M2g-00010-00000987-00001097 TEAM TAKES CENTER STAGE AS THEY WILL TAKE ON MINNESOTA STATE RIGHT HERE OUTDOORS AT 1 O'CLOCK +IkmXc_58M2g-00011-00001097-00001104 WILL TAKE ON MINNESOTA STATE RIGHT HERE OUTDOORS AT 1 O'CLOCK +IkmXc_58M2g-00012-00001104-00001347 WILL TAKE ON MINNESOTA STATE RIGHT HERE OUTDOORS AT 1 O'CLOCK AND WE TOOK A LOOK AT PRACTICE +IkmXc_58M2g-00013-00001347-00001354 RIGHT HERE OUTDOORS AT 1 O'CLOCK AND WE TOOK A LOOK AT PRACTICE +IkmXc_58M2g-00014-00001354-00001484 RIGHT HERE OUTDOORS AT 1 O'CLOCK AND WE TOOK A LOOK AT PRACTICE WITH HEAD COACH JIM SCANLAN THE +IkmXc_58M2g-00015-00001484-00001491 AND WE TOOK A LOOK AT PRACTICE WITH HEAD COACH JIM SCANLAN THE +IkmXc_58M2g-00016-00001491-00001551 AND WE TOOK A LOOK AT PRACTICE WITH HEAD COACH JIM SCANLAN THE BEAVERS TEAM. +IkmXc_58M2g-00017-00001551-00001558 WITH HEAD COACH JIM SCANLAN THE BEAVERS TEAM. +IkmXc_58M2g-00018-00001558-00002135 WITH HEAD COACH JIM SCANLAN THE BEAVERS TEAM. HERE IS AN ALL ACCESS LOOK. +IkmXc_58M2g-00019-00002135-00002142 BEAVERS TEAM. HERE IS AN ALL ACCESS LOOK. +IkmXc_58M2g-00020-00002142-00002482 BEAVERS TEAM. HERE IS AN ALL ACCESS LOOK. >> ONE PLAYER THEY SAID I SHOULD +IkmXc_58M2g-00021-00002482-00002489 HERE IS AN ALL ACCESS LOOK. >> ONE PLAYER THEY SAID I SHOULD +IkmXc_58M2g-00022-00002489-00002909 HERE IS AN ALL ACCESS LOOK. >> ONE PLAYER THEY SAID I SHOULD NOT [indiscernible]. +IkmXc_58M2g-00023-00002909-00002916 >> ONE PLAYER THEY SAID I SHOULD NOT [indiscernible]. +IkmXc_58M2g-00024-00002916-00004117 >> ONE PLAYER THEY SAID I SHOULD NOT [indiscernible]. [ ♪♪♪ ] +IkmXc_58M2g-00025-00004117-00004497 >> HOCKEY MANITOBA! +IkmXc_58M2g-00026-00004497-00004504 >> HOCKEY MANITOBA! +IkmXc_58M2g-00027-00004504-00004984 >> HOCKEY MANITOBA! MOVE AS MUCH AS YOU CAN HERE. +IkmXc_58M2g-00028-00004984-00004991 >> HOCKEY MANITOBA! MOVE AS MUCH AS YOU CAN HERE. +IkmXc_58M2g-00029-00004991-00005201 >> HOCKEY MANITOBA! MOVE AS MUCH AS YOU CAN HERE. TURNS THE CORNERS. +IkmXc_58M2g-00030-00005201-00005208 MOVE AS MUCH AS YOU CAN HERE. TURNS THE CORNERS. +IkmXc_58M2g-00031-00005208-00005382 MOVE AS MUCH AS YOU CAN HERE. TURNS THE CORNERS. LET'S GET OUR FEET MOVING, OKAY. +IkmXc_58M2g-00032-00005382-00005388 TURNS THE CORNERS. LET'S GET OUR FEET MOVING, OKAY. +IkmXc_58M2g-00033-00005388-00005595 TURNS THE CORNERS. LET'S GET OUR FEET MOVING, OKAY. CUT THE FIRST MOVE. +IkmXc_58M2g-00034-00005595-00005602 LET'S GET OUR FEET MOVING, OKAY. CUT THE FIRST MOVE. +IkmXc_58M2g-00035-00005602-00005915 LET'S GET OUR FEET MOVING, OKAY. CUT THE FIRST MOVE. WRIST SHOT! +IkmXc_58M2g-00036-00005915-00005922 CUT THE FIRST MOVE. WRIST SHOT! +IkmXc_58M2g-00037-00005922-00005989 CUT THE FIRST MOVE. WRIST SHOT! [ WHISTLE ] +IkmXc_58M2g-00038-00005989-00005995 WRIST SHOT! [ WHISTLE ] +IkmXc_58M2g-00039-00005995-00006202 WRIST SHOT! [ WHISTLE ] REMEMBER TO BUY YOURSELF SOME +IkmXc_58M2g-00040-00006202-00006209 [ WHISTLE ] REMEMBER TO BUY YOURSELF SOME +IkmXc_58M2g-00041-00006209-00006232 [ WHISTLE ] REMEMBER TO BUY YOURSELF SOME TIME. +IkmXc_58M2g-00042-00006232-00006239 REMEMBER TO BUY YOURSELF SOME TIME. +IkmXc_58M2g-00043-00006239-00006826 REMEMBER TO BUY YOURSELF SOME TIME. BUY YOURSELVES SOME TIME. +IkmXc_58M2g-00044-00006826-00006833 TIME. BUY YOURSELVES SOME TIME. +IkmXc_58M2g-00045-00006833-00006890 TIME. BUY YOURSELVES SOME TIME. CRISS-CROSS! +IkmXc_58M2g-00046-00006890-00006896 BUY YOURSELVES SOME TIME. CRISS-CROSS! +IkmXc_58M2g-00047-00006896-00007103 BUY YOURSELVES SOME TIME. CRISS-CROSS! PUT THE PUCK OUT THERE R GET OUR +IkmXc_58M2g-00048-00007103-00007110 CRISS-CROSS! PUT THE PUCK OUT THERE R GET OUR +IkmXc_58M2g-00049-00007110-00007494 CRISS-CROSS! PUT THE PUCK OUT THERE R GET OUR FEET GOING. +IkmXc_58M2g-00050-00007494-00007500 PUT THE PUCK OUT THERE R GET OUR FEET GOING. +IkmXc_58M2g-00051-00007500-00007660 PUT THE PUCK OUT THERE R GET OUR FEET GOING. A LITTLE MORE CHATTER HERE. +IkmXc_58M2g-00052-00007660-00007667 FEET GOING. A LITTLE MORE CHATTER HERE. +IkmXc_58M2g-00053-00007667-00008358 FEET GOING. A LITTLE MORE CHATTER HERE. GOT TO HEAR YA! +IkmXc_58M2g-00054-00008358-00008365 A LITTLE MORE CHATTER HERE. GOT TO HEAR YA! +IkmXc_58M2g-00055-00008365-00008738 A LITTLE MORE CHATTER HERE. GOT TO HEAR YA! [ ♪♪♪ ] +IkmXc_58M2g-00056-00008738-00008745 GOT TO HEAR YA! [ ♪♪♪ ] +IkmXc_58M2g-00057-00008745-00009082 GOT TO HEAR YA! [ ♪♪♪ ] [ WHISTLE ] +IkmXc_58M2g-00058-00009082-00009089 [ ♪♪♪ ] [ WHISTLE ] +IkmXc_58M2g-00059-00009089-00009229 [ ♪♪♪ ] [ WHISTLE ] YOU ARE NOT TOO COLD RIGHT NOW. +IkmXc_58M2g-00060-00009229-00009235 [ WHISTLE ] YOU ARE NOT TOO COLD RIGHT NOW. +IkmXc_58M2g-00061-00009235-00009332 [ WHISTLE ] YOU ARE NOT TOO COLD RIGHT NOW. >> THEY WERE AT PRACTICE BUT +IkmXc_58M2g-00062-00009332-00009339 YOU ARE NOT TOO COLD RIGHT NOW. >> THEY WERE AT PRACTICE BUT +IkmXc_58M2g-00063-00009339-00009672 YOU ARE NOT TOO COLD RIGHT NOW. >> THEY WERE AT PRACTICE BUT RIGHT NOW THEY ARE NUMB, I +IkmXc_58M2g-00064-00009672-00009679 >> THEY WERE AT PRACTICE BUT RIGHT NOW THEY ARE NUMB, I +IkmXc_58M2g-00065-00009679-00009706 >> THEY WERE AT PRACTICE BUT RIGHT NOW THEY ARE NUMB, I THINK. +IkmXc_58M2g-00066-00009706-00009713 RIGHT NOW THEY ARE NUMB, I THINK. +IkmXc_58M2g-00067-00009713-00009843 RIGHT NOW THEY ARE NUMB, I THINK. >> THEY WILL BURN LIKE CRAZY +IkmXc_58M2g-00068-00009843-00009849 THINK. >> THEY WILL BURN LIKE CRAZY +IkmXc_58M2g-00069-00009849-00009976 THINK. >> THEY WILL BURN LIKE CRAZY WHEN YOU GET OUT THERE. +IkmXc_58M2g-00070-00009976-00009983 >> THEY WILL BURN LIKE CRAZY WHEN YOU GET OUT THERE. +IkmXc_58M2g-00071-00009983-00010036 >> THEY WILL BURN LIKE CRAZY WHEN YOU GET OUT THERE. >> IT'S FUN. +IkmXc_58M2g-00072-00010036-00010043 WHEN YOU GET OUT THERE. >> IT'S FUN. +IkmXc_58M2g-00073-00010043-00010370 WHEN YOU GET OUT THERE. >> IT'S FUN. IT'S WORTH IT. +IkmXc_58M2g-00074-00010370-00010377 >> IT'S FUN. IT'S WORTH IT. +IkmXc_58M2g-00075-00010377-00010583 >> IT'S FUN. IT'S WORTH IT. >> TIGHT SQUEEZE! +IkmXc_58M2g-00076-00010583-00010590 IT'S WORTH IT. >> TIGHT SQUEEZE! +IkmXc_58M2g-00077-00010590-00011131 IT'S WORTH IT. >> TIGHT SQUEEZE! TIGHT SQUEEZE DURING THE GAME! +IkmXc_58M2g-00078-00011131-00011137 >> TIGHT SQUEEZE! TIGHT SQUEEZE DURING THE GAME! +IkmXc_58M2g-00079-00011137-00011217 >> TIGHT SQUEEZE! TIGHT SQUEEZE DURING THE GAME! [ ♪♪♪ ] +IkmXc_58M2g-00080-00011217-00011224 TIGHT SQUEEZE DURING THE GAME! [ ♪♪♪ ] +IkmXc_58M2g-00081-00011224-00011614 TIGHT SQUEEZE DURING THE GAME! [ ♪♪♪ ] ALL RIGHT, JEFF! +IkmXc_58M2g-00082-00011614-00011621 [ ♪♪♪ ] ALL RIGHT, JEFF! +IkmXc_58M2g-00083-00011621-00012395 [ ♪♪♪ ] ALL RIGHT, JEFF! STINGS LIKE ANYTHING! +IkmXc_58M2g-00084-00012395-00012402 ALL RIGHT, JEFF! STINGS LIKE ANYTHING! +IkmXc_58M2g-00085-00012402-00012442 ALL RIGHT, JEFF! STINGS LIKE ANYTHING! [ ♪♪♪ ] +IkmXc_58M2g-00086-00012442-00012449 STINGS LIKE ANYTHING! [ ♪♪♪ ] +IkmXc_58M2g-00087-00012449-00012769 STINGS LIKE ANYTHING! [ ♪♪♪ ] [ WHISTLE ] +IkmXc_58M2g-00088-00012769-00012776 [ ♪♪♪ ] [ WHISTLE ] +IkmXc_58M2g-00089-00012776-00012816 [ ♪♪♪ ] [ WHISTLE ] [ ♪♪♪ ] +IkmXc_58M2g-00090-00012816-00012822 [ WHISTLE ] [ ♪♪♪ ] +IkmXc_58M2g-00091-00012822-00013523 [ WHISTLE ] [ ♪♪♪ ] [ WHISTLE ] +IkmXc_58M2g-00092-00013523-00013530 [ ♪♪♪ ] [ WHISTLE ] +IkmXc_58M2g-00093-00013530-00013556 [ ♪♪♪ ] [ WHISTLE ] HEY! +IkmXc_58M2g-00094-00013556-00013563 [ WHISTLE ] HEY! +IkmXc_58M2g-00095-00013563-00013653 [ WHISTLE ] HEY! TEAM PHOTO, LADIES. +IlACcrGpHAc-00000-00003461-00003647 RANDALL WRIGHT: Well, welcome back. +IlACcrGpHAc-00001-00003647-00004022 Can the actions of central banks limit the economic impact +IlACcrGpHAc-00002-00004022-00004185 of the coronavirus? +IlACcrGpHAc-00003-00004185-00004527 Are financial markets predicting a global recession? +IlACcrGpHAc-00004-00004527-00004980 Professor Lo will address the changing global economy +IlACcrGpHAc-00005-00004980-00005259 since the outbreak of the coronavirus, +IlACcrGpHAc-00006-00005259-00005527 its impact on global financial markets, +IlACcrGpHAc-00007-00005527-00005838 and what executives need to watch for as the coronavirus +IlACcrGpHAc-00008-00005838-00006051 crisis plays out. +IlACcrGpHAc-00009-00006051-00006366 Andrew Lo is the Charles E. and Susan T. Harris +IlACcrGpHAc-00010-00006366-00006678 professor at MIT Sloan School of Management, +IlACcrGpHAc-00011-00006678-00007077 Director of the MIT Laboratory for Financial Engineering, +IlACcrGpHAc-00012-00007077-00007368 a principal investigator at the MIT Computer Science +IlACcrGpHAc-00013-00007368-00007602 and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, +IlACcrGpHAc-00014-00007602-00007902 and an affiliated faculty member of the MIT Department +IlACcrGpHAc-00015-00007902-00008142 of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science. +IlACcrGpHAc-00016-00008142-00008454 He is also an external faculty member of the Santa Fe +IlACcrGpHAc-00017-00008454-00008778 Institute and a research associate of the National +IlACcrGpHAc-00018-00008778-00008988 Bureau of Economic Research. +IlACcrGpHAc-00019-00008988-00009087 Professor Andrew Lo. +IlACcrGpHAc-00020-00009341-00009480 ANDREW W. LO: Hello, everybody. +IlACcrGpHAc-00021-00009480-00009665 Thank you very much for joining this webinar +IlACcrGpHAc-00022-00009665-00009986 on the financial implications of COVID-19. +IlACcrGpHAc-00023-00009986-00010241 I want to start by thanking Randall Wright and the MIT +IlACcrGpHAc-00024-00010241-00010610 Industrial Liaison Program for sponsoring this webinar. +IlACcrGpHAc-00025-00010610-00010838 And I want to thank Yossi Sheffi and the Center +IlACcrGpHAc-00026-00010838-00011155 for Transportation and Logistics for hosting this event. +IlACcrGpHAc-00027-00011155-00011393 And last but not least, I want to thank Arthur [? Grau ?] +IlACcrGpHAc-00028-00011393-00011621 for helping to arrange all of the logistics. +IlACcrGpHAc-00029-00011621-00011897 And he'll be mediating some of the polls +IlACcrGpHAc-00030-00011897-00012090 that we're going to do today. +IlACcrGpHAc-00031-00012090-00012317 So by way of full disclosure, I want +IlACcrGpHAc-00032-00012317-00012788 to say that I am no expert in epidemiology or virology. +IlACcrGpHAc-00033-00012788-00012994 And so my focus is going to be really +IlACcrGpHAc-00034-00012994-00013400 on trying to understand how the financial markets are reacting +IlACcrGpHAc-00035-00013400-00013697 and how we need to be thinking about financial markets +IlACcrGpHAc-00036-00013697-00014044 in light of the COVID-19 pandemic. +IlACcrGpHAc-00037-00014044-00014390 So with that in mind, I want to start +IlACcrGpHAc-00038-00014390-00014615 with a bit of a summary of the perspective +IlACcrGpHAc-00039-00014615-00014849 that I bring to this as a finance faculty member +IlACcrGpHAc-00040-00014849-00015040 here at MIT. +IlACcrGpHAc-00041-00015040-00015400 And that perspective really has to do with the fact +IlACcrGpHAc-00042-00015400-00015747 that we have a very different paradigm that we +IlACcrGpHAc-00043-00015747-00015961 need to be using right now. +IlACcrGpHAc-00044-00015961-00016213 And that paradigm has to acknowledge the fact +IlACcrGpHAc-00045-00016213-00016519 that traditional markets and traditional financial +IlACcrGpHAc-00046-00016519-00016876 frameworks are really limited in how they approach +IlACcrGpHAc-00047-00016876-00017110 this particular pandemic. +IlACcrGpHAc-00048-00017110-00017398 The framework that we know and love is not wrong, +IlACcrGpHAc-00049-00017398-00017549 but it's incomplete. +IlACcrGpHAc-00050-00017549-00017947 And it really comes from the physical sciences perspective +IlACcrGpHAc-00051-00017947-00018281 of economics, which definitely has some value. +IlACcrGpHAc-00052-00018281-00018595 But it really doesn't capture the entirety +IlACcrGpHAc-00053-00018595-00018726 of what we're seeing. +IlACcrGpHAc-00054-00018726-00019037 And in particular, the traditional framework +IlACcrGpHAc-00055-00019037-00019295 is fine in a stable environment. +IlACcrGpHAc-00056-00019295-00019535 Under things like the efficient markets hypothesis +IlACcrGpHAc-00057-00019535-00019898 and rational expectations, stable financial policies +IlACcrGpHAc-00058-00019898-00020073 make perfect sense. +IlACcrGpHAc-00059-00020073-00020276 But in a dynamic environment, you +IlACcrGpHAc-00060-00020276-00020474 need to have dynamic financial policies. +IlACcrGpHAc-00061-00020474-00020814 And that's what the adaptive markets hypothesis is about. +IlACcrGpHAc-00062-00020814-00021144 And I'll tell you a bit about that in just a few minutes. +IlACcrGpHAc-00063-00021144-00021512 The point is that the current environment is highly dynamic. +IlACcrGpHAc-00064-00021512-00021803 And we really have to adapt to those changing market +IlACcrGpHAc-00065-00021803-00021946 conditions. +IlACcrGpHAc-00066-00021946-00022151 You know how politicians are fond of saying that, +IlACcrGpHAc-00067-00022151-00022346 is the economy stupid? +IlACcrGpHAc-00068-00022346-00022643 I've often thought that that should be changed to point out +IlACcrGpHAc-00069-00022643-00023012 that, actually, it's the environment that really drives +IlACcrGpHAc-00070-00023012-00023471 behavior and the various kinds of market dynamics that we see. +IlACcrGpHAc-00071-00023471-00023687 And the adaptive markets framework +IlACcrGpHAc-00072-00023687-00023963 that I'm going to tell you about provides a way for us +IlACcrGpHAc-00073-00023963-00024275 to think about how to respond to all sorts of challenges +IlACcrGpHAc-00074-00024275-00024676 in our environment, including COVID-19. +IlACcrGpHAc-00075-00024676-00024877 So let me start with a little bit of background +IlACcrGpHAc-00076-00024877-00025234 and talk a bit about what investors really want +IlACcrGpHAc-00077-00025234-00025455 and what they're afraid of. +IlACcrGpHAc-00078-00025455-00025762 To begin with, what do investors really want? +IlACcrGpHAc-00079-00025762-00026022 I'm going to use an example that I give to my first-year MBA +IlACcrGpHAc-00080-00026022-00026126 students. +IlACcrGpHAc-00081-00026126-00026394 And the example has to do with looking at four +IlACcrGpHAc-00082-00026394-00026605 different financial assets. +IlACcrGpHAc-00083-00026605-00026877 Now, I'm going to ask Arthur to do a poll right now +IlACcrGpHAc-00084-00026877-00027174 and ask all of you online to choose +IlACcrGpHAc-00085-00027174-00027421 one of the four investments that I'm going to show you. +IlACcrGpHAc-00086-00027421-00027663 I'm not going to tell you what the investments are or even +IlACcrGpHAc-00087-00027663-00027852 over what time period they span. +IlACcrGpHAc-00088-00027852-00028080 But these are four financial investments +IlACcrGpHAc-00089-00028080-00028443 that have rates of return that look like this. +IlACcrGpHAc-00090-00028443-00028767 $1 invested in the green asset turns $1 +IlACcrGpHAc-00091-00028767-00029241 into $2 over this unspecified multi-year investment horizon. +IlACcrGpHAc-00092-00029241-00029523 The red line turns $1 into $5-- +IlACcrGpHAc-00093-00029523-00029826 more rewarding, but way more risky. +IlACcrGpHAc-00094-00029826-00030162 The blue line turns $1 into $8-- +IlACcrGpHAc-00095-00030162-00030468 way more rewarding, but way more volatile. +IlACcrGpHAc-00096-00030468-00030727 And the black line, somewhere in the middle. +IlACcrGpHAc-00097-00030727-00031064 So can you please make a choice in the poll +IlACcrGpHAc-00098-00031064-00031443 that Arthur is holding, which is the various different +IlACcrGpHAc-00099-00031443-00031548 investments. +IlACcrGpHAc-00100-00031548-00031788 Which one would you pick if you can only have one +IlACcrGpHAc-00101-00031788-00032066 and you could not mix and match? +IlACcrGpHAc-00102-00032066-00032339 Well, just from the poll results that I'm +IlACcrGpHAc-00103-00032339-00032558 seeing right now in front of my screen, +IlACcrGpHAc-00104-00032558-00032767 the answers are pretty clear. +IlACcrGpHAc-00105-00032767-00033142 Very few of you have chosen the green line. +IlACcrGpHAc-00106-00033142-00033403 And I should tell you now what the time period is. +IlACcrGpHAc-00107-00033403-00033865 The time period goes from 1990 to 2008. +IlACcrGpHAc-00108-00033865-00034075 That's the investment horizon. +IlACcrGpHAc-00109-00034075-00034451 And the green line is US treasury bills, +IlACcrGpHAc-00110-00034451-00034663 the safest asset in the world. +IlACcrGpHAc-00111-00034663-00034864 But it's not particularly rewarding. +IlACcrGpHAc-00112-00034864-00035185 So if you put your money in US treasury bills +IlACcrGpHAc-00113-00035185-00035482 in 2008, as of today, you would have +IlACcrGpHAc-00114-00035482-00035854 earned pretty much nothing in terms of the incremental rate +IlACcrGpHAc-00115-00035854-00036033 of return. +IlACcrGpHAc-00116-00036033-00036297 The red line that not very many of you +IlACcrGpHAc-00117-00036297-00036699 picked either, that's the S&P 500, the stock market. +IlACcrGpHAc-00118-00036699-00036831 Way more volatile. +IlACcrGpHAc-00119-00036831-00037014 Lots of ups and downs. +IlACcrGpHAc-00120-00037014-00037347 But if you had picked it in 2008 right +IlACcrGpHAc-00121-00037347-00037691 in the middle of the financial crisis, congratulations. +IlACcrGpHAc-00122-00037691-00037908 You would have done just fine. +IlACcrGpHAc-00123-00037908-00038268 The blue line is the single pharmaceutical company Pfizer. +IlACcrGpHAc-00124-00038268-00038634 That's even more volatile-- huge swings up and down. +IlACcrGpHAc-00125-00038634-00039033 But if you had invested in that in 2008, congratulations. +IlACcrGpHAc-00126-00039033-00039250 You did well. +IlACcrGpHAc-00127-00039250-00039536 By far, the most popular choice-- +IlACcrGpHAc-00128-00039536-00039668 I'm looking online right now. +IlACcrGpHAc-00129-00039668-00040119 And the results are 66% of you are picking the black line. +IlACcrGpHAc-00130-00040119-00040390 And that's usually what I see in my class. +IlACcrGpHAc-00131-00040390-00040756 It turns out that that is the return for the Fairfield Sentry +IlACcrGpHAc-00132-00040756-00040815 Fund. +IlACcrGpHAc-00133-00040815-00040951 And what is that? +IlACcrGpHAc-00134-00040951-00041209 That's the fund that was the feeder fund for the Bernie +IlACcrGpHAc-00135-00041209-00041395 Madoff Ponzi scheme. +IlACcrGpHAc-00136-00041395-00041818 So if you picked that, like many of the unfortunate +IlACcrGpHAc-00137-00041818-00042241 victims of that Ponzi scheme, you would have lost everything. +IlACcrGpHAc-00138-00042241-00042562 Now, I use this example to illustrate something +IlACcrGpHAc-00139-00042562-00042698 about human nature. +IlACcrGpHAc-00140-00042698-00043132 All of us are drawn to investments that have +IlACcrGpHAc-00141-00043132-00043468 high yield and low volatility. +IlACcrGpHAc-00142-00043468-00043882 And in finance, we have a term that captures that phenomenon. +IlACcrGpHAc-00143-00043882-00044140 And it has to do with something called the Sharpe +IlACcrGpHAc-00144-00044140-00044467 ratio after William Sharpe, professor at Stanford, +IlACcrGpHAc-00145-00044467-00044776 who won a Nobel Prize for his work in this area. +IlACcrGpHAc-00146-00044776-00045196 The Sharpe ratio is simply the excess return of an investment +IlACcrGpHAc-00147-00045196-00045592 above and beyond T-bills divided by the risk +IlACcrGpHAc-00148-00045592-00045914 as measured, in this case, by the standard deviation. +IlACcrGpHAc-00149-00045914-00046231 So it's the reward to risk ratio. +IlACcrGpHAc-00150-00046231-00046804 And investors love high-Sharpe-ratio assets. +IlACcrGpHAc-00151-00046804-00047041 So before the Ponzi scheme blew up, +IlACcrGpHAc-00152-00047041-00047323 if you calculate the Sharpe ratio of the three assets +IlACcrGpHAc-00153-00047323-00047779 beyond T-bills, you can see that Pfizer and the S&P 500 +IlACcrGpHAc-00154-00047779-00048122 have Sharpe ratios about the same, a third. +IlACcrGpHAc-00155-00048122-00048433 And the Madoff Ponzi scheme, before it blew up, +IlACcrGpHAc-00156-00048433-00048763 had, on paper, a Sharpe ratio about an order +IlACcrGpHAc-00157-00048763-00048965 of magnitude higher. +IlACcrGpHAc-00158-00048965-00049198 And that's what drew all of the victims +IlACcrGpHAc-00159-00049198-00049539 to this unfortunate disaster. +IlACcrGpHAc-00160-00049539-00049785 So that's what investors want. +IlACcrGpHAc-00161-00049785-00050317 We want high yield, low risk, high-Sharpe-ratio investments. +IlACcrGpHAc-00162-00050317-00050565 What are investors afraid of? +IlACcrGpHAc-00163-00050565-00050790 You probably know given what's going on in the market. +IlACcrGpHAc-00164-00050790-00050931 We're afraid of loss. +IlACcrGpHAc-00165-00050931-00051448 But more than loss, what we're afraid of is the unknown. +IlACcrGpHAc-00166-00051448-00051640 And I'm going to give you another investment +IlACcrGpHAc-00167-00051640-00051776 choice in just a minute. +IlACcrGpHAc-00168-00051776-00052019 So be ready to respond. +IlACcrGpHAc-00169-00052019-00052634 Imagine that we have an urn that contains 100 balls. +IlACcrGpHAc-00170-00052634-00052847 Now, you can't see inside the urn. +IlACcrGpHAc-00171-00052847-00053266 But I'll tell you right now that there are 50 red balls and 50 +IlACcrGpHAc-00172-00053266-00053408 black balls. +IlACcrGpHAc-00173-00053408-00053690 And you and I are going to play a game. +IlACcrGpHAc-00174-00053690-00053879 And the game is this. +IlACcrGpHAc-00175-00053879-00054113 You're going to pick a color, red or black. +IlACcrGpHAc-00176-00054113-00054405 And after you pick a color and write it down +IlACcrGpHAc-00177-00054405-00054703 on a piece of paper, I'm going to reach into the urn +IlACcrGpHAc-00178-00054703-00055075 and draw a ball out of this urn. +IlACcrGpHAc-00179-00055075-00055273 And if the color of the ball that I draw +IlACcrGpHAc-00180-00055273-00055540 is the color you wrote on your piece of paper, +IlACcrGpHAc-00181-00055540-00055902 I'm going to pay you $10,000. +IlACcrGpHAc-00182-00055902-00056340 But if the color isn't the one that I drew, +IlACcrGpHAc-00183-00056340-00056516 I'm going to pay you nothing. +IlACcrGpHAc-00184-00056516-00056853 And we're going to play this game exactly once. +IlACcrGpHAc-00185-00056853-00057266 So you don't get to do this over and over again, just one time. +IlACcrGpHAc-00186-00057266-00057549 So the two questions that I ask my MBA students when I +IlACcrGpHAc-00187-00057549-00057779 show them this problem is this. +IlACcrGpHAc-00188-00057779-00058035 First of all, which color would you prefer-- +IlACcrGpHAc-00189-00058035-00058215 red or black? +IlACcrGpHAc-00190-00058215-00058529 At this point, the students all say, well, it doesn't matter. +IlACcrGpHAc-00191-00058529-00058686 50 red, 50 black-- +IlACcrGpHAc-00192-00058686-00058891 either way. +IlACcrGpHAc-00193-00058891-00059096 The second question that I ask them is +IlACcrGpHAc-00194-00059096-00059234 a little bit more challenging. +IlACcrGpHAc-00195-00059234-00059426 I'll ask them, how much would you +IlACcrGpHAc-00196-00059426-00059873 pay to play this game with me exactly once. +IlACcrGpHAc-00197-00059873-00060344 So I'd like you to choose on the second poll what would you +IlACcrGpHAc-00198-00060344-00060800 pick in terms of the price you would pay +IlACcrGpHAc-00199-00060800-00061019 for being able to choose this. +IlACcrGpHAc-00200-00061310-00061765 The three choices are, would you pay less than $5,000, +IlACcrGpHAc-00201-00061765-00062248 or exactly $5,000, or more than $5,000 +IlACcrGpHAc-00202-00062248-00062705 to play this game with me exactly once. +IlACcrGpHAc-00203-00062705-00063033 Now, I suspect that a number of you +IlACcrGpHAc-00204-00063033-00063339 are a little bit concerned about the risk. +IlACcrGpHAc-00205-00063339-00063873 So you're probably not willing to pay $5,000. +IlACcrGpHAc-00206-00063873-00064194 But most of the students that are involved in making +IlACcrGpHAc-00207-00064194-00064410 professional business decisions-- which is to say, +IlACcrGpHAc-00208-00064410-00064553 our MBA students-- +IlACcrGpHAc-00209-00064553-00064803 they've been trained to say, oh, yeah. +IlACcrGpHAc-00210-00064803-00065038 Definitely, we'll be paying $5,000. +IlACcrGpHAc-00211-00065038-00065088 Why? +IlACcrGpHAc-00212-00065088-00065349 Because that's the expected value. +IlACcrGpHAc-00213-00065349-00065712 And in fact, in the polls, we see that a number of you, +IlACcrGpHAc-00214-00065712-00066214 a significant fraction, are willing to pay $5,000 for this. +IlACcrGpHAc-00215-00066214-00066640 But now, let me show you a second choice. +IlACcrGpHAc-00216-00066640-00066972 A second choice is urn B, also 100 balls. +IlACcrGpHAc-00217-00066972-00067175 But in this case, I'm not going to tell you +IlACcrGpHAc-00218-00067175-00067301 what the proportion is. +IlACcrGpHAc-00219-00067301-00067616 It could be 100% black balls. +IlACcrGpHAc-00220-00067616-00067763 It could be 50-50. +IlACcrGpHAc-00221-00067763-00068117 It could be 100% red balls-- anything in between. +IlACcrGpHAc-00222-00068117-00068333 And I'm going to ask you the same two questions. +IlACcrGpHAc-00223-00068333-00068564 We're going to play the exact same game. +IlACcrGpHAc-00224-00068564-00068722 You write down a color. +IlACcrGpHAc-00225-00068722-00068819 I pick a ball. +IlACcrGpHAc-00226-00068819-00069080 If it's your color, I'll pay you $10,000. +IlACcrGpHAc-00227-00069080-00069418 If it's not, I'll pay you nothing. +IlACcrGpHAc-00228-00069418-00069896 In this case, how many of you would pay less than $10,000 +IlACcrGpHAc-00229-00069896-00070074 for this one? +IlACcrGpHAc-00230-00070074-00070248 How many of you would pay-- +IlACcrGpHAc-00231-00070248-00070298 sorry. +IlACcrGpHAc-00232-00070298-00070695 How many of you would pay less than $5,000 for this one? +IlACcrGpHAc-00233-00070695-00070988 How many of you would pay exactly $5,000? +IlACcrGpHAc-00234-00070988-00071416 How many of you would pay more than $5,000 for this? +IlACcrGpHAc-00235-00071416-00071512 Well, it's interesting. +IlACcrGpHAc-00236-00071512-00071896 In this example, a lot fewer of you +IlACcrGpHAc-00237-00071896-00072366 are saying that you would pay $5,000 for this. +IlACcrGpHAc-00238-00072366-00072595 The thing that's weird about this example +IlACcrGpHAc-00239-00072595-00073075 is that this second example has exactly the same odds +IlACcrGpHAc-00240-00073075-00073297 as the first one. +IlACcrGpHAc-00241-00073297-00073563 Now, you may say, wait a minute. +IlACcrGpHAc-00242-00073563-00073656 How do you know that? +IlACcrGpHAc-00243-00073656-00073986 Because there are no odds in the second example. +IlACcrGpHAc-00244-00073986-00074169 Well, I told you that it could be +IlACcrGpHAc-00245-00074169-00074671 100 red balls or 100 black balls or anything in between. +IlACcrGpHAc-00246-00074671-00074895 And if you don't have any reason to think +IlACcrGpHAc-00247-00074895-00075288 that it's any one particular proportion +IlACcrGpHAc-00248-00075288-00075711 and you average over all the possible proportions, what +IlACcrGpHAc-00249-00075711-00075971 you get is 50/50. +IlACcrGpHAc-00250-00075971-00076416 And so the expected value of this is $5,000. +IlACcrGpHAc-00251-00076416-00076845 But students, even professional business students, +IlACcrGpHAc-00252-00076845-00077226 are not willing to pay nearly as much for this urn +IlACcrGpHAc-00253-00077226-00077394 as the previous one. +IlACcrGpHAc-00254-00077394-00077583 And when you ask them why, they'll tell you +IlACcrGpHAc-00255-00077583-00078055 it's because, in this case, I don't know the odds. +IlACcrGpHAc-00256-00078055-00078346 Even if I try to convince them that the odds are the same, +IlACcrGpHAc-00257-00078346-00078706 they still say, well, I believe your mathematics. +IlACcrGpHAc-00258-00078706-00079001 But it doesn't feel right to me. +IlACcrGpHAc-00259-00079001-00079418 What they're saying is that the behavioral reactions +IlACcrGpHAc-00260-00079418-00079919 to uncertainty, the unknown unknowns, +IlACcrGpHAc-00261-00079919-00080131 is really significant. +IlACcrGpHAc-00262-00080131-00080627 Investors don't like risk, but they really hate uncertainty. +IlACcrGpHAc-00263-00080627-00080971 And in economics jargon, those two words, +IlACcrGpHAc-00264-00080971-00081172 which most people consider synonyms, +IlACcrGpHAc-00265-00081172-00081391 are actually not the same. +IlACcrGpHAc-00266-00081391-00081682 Risk is meant to represent the randomness +IlACcrGpHAc-00267-00081682-00082297 that you can quantify like a standard deviation of 20%. +IlACcrGpHAc-00268-00082297-00082672 Uncertainty is the kind of randomness that you cannot +IlACcrGpHAc-00269-00082672-00083106 quantify, the so-called unknown unknowns. +IlACcrGpHAc-00270-00083106-00083360 And that's what's going on right now. +IlACcrGpHAc-00271-00083360-00083772 COVID-19 is one of the biggest unknown unknowns +IlACcrGpHAc-00272-00083772-00083943 that we're dealing with. +IlACcrGpHAc-00273-00083943-00084097 I'll come back to that in a minute. +IlACcrGpHAc-00274-00084097-00084432 But the bottom line for all of these considerations about what +IlACcrGpHAc-00275-00084432-00084663 investors want and what they fear +IlACcrGpHAc-00276-00084663-00085171 is that there is a trade-off between risk and reward. +IlACcrGpHAc-00277-00085171-00085344 And so let me show you historically +IlACcrGpHAc-00278-00085344-00085527 what that trade-off looks like. +IlACcrGpHAc-00279-00085527-00085767 Using data from 1928-- +IlACcrGpHAc-00280-00085767-00086149 so we're talking about a very, very long period of time. +IlACcrGpHAc-00281-00086149-00086379 If you go down the list and just look +IlACcrGpHAc-00282-00086379-00086682 at all of the expected returns that +IlACcrGpHAc-00283-00086682-00087069 are generated by these four different asset classes +IlACcrGpHAc-00284-00087069-00087510 and then take a look at the risks that you're bearing, +IlACcrGpHAc-00285-00087510-00087805 you'll see a pretty clear relationship. +IlACcrGpHAc-00286-00087805-00088249 The higher the risk, the more the average return. +IlACcrGpHAc-00287-00088249-00088575 So stocks, for example, which is the most risky as measured +IlACcrGpHAc-00288-00088575-00089061 by standard deviation, SD, stocks are generating a return, +IlACcrGpHAc-00289-00089061-00089515 on average historically, of about 10% per year. +IlACcrGpHAc-00290-00089515-00090039 Corporate bonds, 7%, but lower volatility. +IlACcrGpHAc-00291-00090039-00090447 US treasury bills, safest asset in the world, even lower. +IlACcrGpHAc-00292-00090447-00090711 And that's really the risk-reward trade-off +IlACcrGpHAc-00293-00090711-00091044 that finance professionals focus on. +IlACcrGpHAc-00294-00091044-00091398 Over long periods of time, there is +IlACcrGpHAc-00295-00091398-00091671 a relatively straightforward relationship +IlACcrGpHAc-00296-00091671-00091842 between risk and reward. +IlACcrGpHAc-00297-00091842-00092133 Another way of putting it is that investors +IlACcrGpHAc-00298-00092133-00092457 have to be bribed to take on these risks. +IlACcrGpHAc-00299-00092457-00092721 They have to be rewarded for being willing to take +IlACcrGpHAc-00300-00092721-00092901 on these ups and downs. +IlACcrGpHAc-00301-00092901-00093180 And so risky assets generally have +IlACcrGpHAc-00302-00093180-00093644 to pay more in terms of their average returns. +IlACcrGpHAc-00303-00093644-00094016 Now, that makes a lot of sense in the long run. +IlACcrGpHAc-00304-00094016-00094358 But the problem is that, if you look at the short run, +IlACcrGpHAc-00305-00094358-00094590 that's not the case. +IlACcrGpHAc-00306-00094590-00094935 Here's a graph that I think illustrates that principle. +IlACcrGpHAc-00307-00094935-00095220 And in a minute, I'm going to ask you to take a poll for this +IlACcrGpHAc-00308-00095220-00095371 as well. +IlACcrGpHAc-00309-00095371-00095808 So there are two lines drawn here, red line and blue line. +IlACcrGpHAc-00310-00095808-00096303 The red line represents the volatility of returns +IlACcrGpHAc-00311-00096303-00096534 over five-year rolling windows. +IlACcrGpHAc-00312-00096534-00097017 So I'm using data from 1926 all the way up to the present. +IlACcrGpHAc-00313-00097017-00097323 But I'm doing it using five-year chunks +IlACcrGpHAc-00314-00097323-00097632 calculating the volatility of the US stock market +IlACcrGpHAc-00315-00097632-00097854 during that five-year window. +IlACcrGpHAc-00316-00097854-00098028 And then I'm also going to calculate +IlACcrGpHAc-00317-00098028-00098322 the average return of that stock market +IlACcrGpHAc-00318-00098322-00098568 during the same five-year window. +IlACcrGpHAc-00319-00098568-00098722 And that's in blue. +IlACcrGpHAc-00320-00098722-00098982 So red is volatility. +IlACcrGpHAc-00321-00098982-00099318 Blue is average return over the five-year window. +IlACcrGpHAc-00322-00099318-00099524 And then I'm moving it up by a day. +IlACcrGpHAc-00323-00099524-00099684 And I'm calculating the same things. +IlACcrGpHAc-00324-00099684-00099855 And then another day, same thing. +IlACcrGpHAc-00325-00099855-00100038 And another and another and another. +IlACcrGpHAc-00326-00100038-00100332 And using these five-year rolling windows, +IlACcrGpHAc-00327-00100332-00100859 I'm graphing risk and reward. +IlACcrGpHAc-00328-00100859-00101148 By eye, what do you think the correlation +IlACcrGpHAc-00329-00101148-00101443 is between these two lines? +IlACcrGpHAc-00330-00101443-00101659 I just described to you in the previous slide +IlACcrGpHAc-00331-00101659-00101977 that the higher the risk, the higher the reward. +IlACcrGpHAc-00332-00101977-00102247 So take a look at this graph and tell +IlACcrGpHAc-00333-00102247-00102478 me, how many people think that the correlation +IlACcrGpHAc-00334-00102478-00102949 between the red line and the blue line is greater than 50%, +IlACcrGpHAc-00335-00102949-00103695 or equal to 50, 25, 0, negative 25, or less than negative 50%. +IlACcrGpHAc-00336-00103695-00104088 Now, correlation, remember, is a number between minus 100%, +IlACcrGpHAc-00337-00104088-00104215 plus 100%. +IlACcrGpHAc-00338-00104215-00104503 Positive numbers means things move together. +IlACcrGpHAc-00339-00104503-00104961 If it's 100% correlation, things move in lockstep together. +IlACcrGpHAc-00340-00104961-00105178 And negative correlation means that things +IlACcrGpHAc-00341-00105178-00105457 move in opposite directions. +IlACcrGpHAc-00342-00105457-00105871 Well, I'm seeing that, from the poll, a number of you +IlACcrGpHAc-00343-00105871-00106276 are picking up on the fact that this looks like it's negatively +IlACcrGpHAc-00344-00106276-00106426 correlated. +IlACcrGpHAc-00345-00106426-00106765 In fact, those of you who picked the last choice, less +IlACcrGpHAc-00346-00106765-00107146 than negative 50% correlation, you're correct. +IlACcrGpHAc-00347-00107146-00107358 It turns out that the correlation +IlACcrGpHAc-00348-00107358-00107834 between the red line and the blue line is minus 60%. +IlACcrGpHAc-00349-00107834-00108243 Now, clearly, that result is driven by a number +IlACcrGpHAc-00350-00108243-00108564 of extreme episodes. +IlACcrGpHAc-00351-00108564-00108718 And it turns out that we're actually +IlACcrGpHAc-00352-00108718-00109110 living through one such episode right now. +IlACcrGpHAc-00353-00109110-00109471 So let me now turn to the present day +IlACcrGpHAc-00354-00109471-00109675 and give a bit of a market recap of what's +IlACcrGpHAc-00355-00109675-00110074 been going on over the course of the last few weeks. +IlACcrGpHAc-00356-00110074-00110374 I want to show you a graph of two quantities. +IlACcrGpHAc-00357-00110374-00110854 One is something called the VIX index, V-I-X. +IlACcrGpHAc-00358-00110854-00111238 And the VIX index is a forward-looking measure +IlACcrGpHAc-00359-00111238-00111435 of volatility. +IlACcrGpHAc-00360-00111435-00111817 To be precise, using option pricing theory, +IlACcrGpHAc-00361-00111817-00112300 it is a formula that calculates what the market thinks +IlACcrGpHAc-00362-00112300-00112831 the volatility is of the S&P 500 index, broad-based index of US +IlACcrGpHAc-00363-00112831-00112978 stocks. +IlACcrGpHAc-00364-00112978-00113344 It looks at what the volatility is implicit in options +IlACcrGpHAc-00365-00113344-00113605 prices on the S&P. +IlACcrGpHAc-00366-00113605-00113878 And so historically, the volatility of the S&P +IlACcrGpHAc-00367-00113878-00114227 has been around 15% to 20%. +IlACcrGpHAc-00368-00114227-00114595 So a VIX index that is pricing options +IlACcrGpHAc-00369-00114595-00114931 at that historical volatility should read somewhere +IlACcrGpHAc-00370-00114931-00115346 in the 15 to 20 range. +IlACcrGpHAc-00371-00115346-00115538 Let me show you what the VIX index is +IlACcrGpHAc-00372-00115538-00115907 from the beginning of this year, January, all the way up +IlACcrGpHAc-00373-00115907-00116228 to last Friday. +IlACcrGpHAc-00374-00116228-00116608 You can see that, for the first few weeks of the year, +IlACcrGpHAc-00375-00116608-00117241 the VIX index was right around that average 10%, 15%, 20%. +IlACcrGpHAc-00376-00117241-00117585 But look at what's been going on over the course of the last two +IlACcrGpHAc-00377-00117585-00117754 or three weeks. +IlACcrGpHAc-00378-00117754-00118195 The VIX index has spiked up to some really, really high +IlACcrGpHAc-00379-00118195-00118372 levels. +IlACcrGpHAc-00380-00118372-00118756 Wall Street traders often call the VIX index the fear index +IlACcrGpHAc-00381-00118756-00119296 because, when volatility is really high, people are scared. +IlACcrGpHAc-00382-00119296-00119596 And because the VIX is a forward-looking measure, +IlACcrGpHAc-00383-00119596-00119910 it's a measure of what options traders are +IlACcrGpHAc-00384-00119910-00120157 thinking the volatility is. +IlACcrGpHAc-00385-00120157-00120670 What this is saying is that the market is viewing volatility +IlACcrGpHAc-00386-00120670-00120987 as very, very high right now. +IlACcrGpHAc-00387-00120987-00121125 Now, what about the stock market? +IlACcrGpHAc-00388-00121125-00121209 How has that been doing? +IlACcrGpHAc-00389-00121209-00121393 Well, I think all of you probably know this. +IlACcrGpHAc-00390-00121393-00121596 But let me show you what the S&P 500 +IlACcrGpHAc-00391-00121596-00122031 index looked like over the course of the last few weeks. +IlACcrGpHAc-00392-00122031-00122214 For the first few weeks of the year, +IlACcrGpHAc-00393-00122214-00122670 S&P was pretty much stable, not moving a whole lot. +IlACcrGpHAc-00394-00122670-00122994 But over the course over the last two or three weeks, +IlACcrGpHAc-00395-00122994-00123309 it's actually been going down pretty significantly. +IlACcrGpHAc-00396-00123309-00123704 And even as we speak, the S&P is declining. +IlACcrGpHAc-00397-00123704-00123939 And that seems pretty scary. +IlACcrGpHAc-00398-00123939-00124170 And in fact, it is scary because, +IlACcrGpHAc-00399-00124170-00124695 if you look at the top 10 worst days for the S&P +IlACcrGpHAc-00400-00124695-00125111 from January of 1926 all the way to last Friday-- +IlACcrGpHAc-00401-00125111-00125469 this is a list of the top 10 worst days. +IlACcrGpHAc-00402-00125469-00125832 Number 1 of that list is October 19, 1987. +IlACcrGpHAc-00403-00125832-00126284 In one day, the S&P dropped by about 20%. +IlACcrGpHAc-00404-00126284-00126558 But if you go down that list, you see that, +IlACcrGpHAc-00405-00126558-00127029 last Thursday, the S&P went down 9 and 1/2%. +IlACcrGpHAc-00406-00127029-00127380 That's number 5 on this top 10 list. +IlACcrGpHAc-00407-00127380-00127656 So yeah, things are scary. +IlACcrGpHAc-00408-00127656-00127970 Markets are moving a lot. +IlACcrGpHAc-00409-00127970-00128277 And that's not the only market that's reacting. +IlACcrGpHAc-00410-00128277-00128602 If you take a look at US treasury securities-- +IlACcrGpHAc-00411-00128602-00128889 as I said, among the safest assets in the world-- +IlACcrGpHAc-00412-00128889-00129075 you can actually look into them to try +IlACcrGpHAc-00413-00129075-00129294 to understand what the market is thinking +IlACcrGpHAc-00414-00129294-00129560 about economic prospects. +IlACcrGpHAc-00415-00129560-00129877 So this is the so-called yield curve +IlACcrGpHAc-00416-00129877-00130194 which shows you what US treasury securities are +IlACcrGpHAc-00417-00130194-00130593 yielding across the various different maturities. +IlACcrGpHAc-00418-00130593-00130872 Now, these are pieces of paper that are +IlACcrGpHAc-00419-00130872-00131088 IOUs from the US government. +IlACcrGpHAc-00420-00131088-00131361 When we buy them, we're lending the US government money. +IlACcrGpHAc-00421-00131361-00131577 And the government is paying us interest. +IlACcrGpHAc-00422-00131577-00131799 And based upon what the market will bear, +IlACcrGpHAc-00423-00131799-00132120 that interest will change across various different market +IlACcrGpHAc-00424-00132120-00132267 conditions. +IlACcrGpHAc-00425-00132267-00132549 Now, here's a curve from January the 2nd +IlACcrGpHAc-00426-00132549-00132957 of this year that shows, for one-month treasury bills, +IlACcrGpHAc-00427-00132957-00133498 you're going to get about 1 and 1/2% per year on average. +IlACcrGpHAc-00428-00133498-00134047 As you get into longer maturity treasury bills, treasury notes, +IlACcrGpHAc-00429-00134047-00134401 and bonds, that interest rate goes up. +IlACcrGpHAc-00430-00134401-00134671 So on January the 2nd of this year, +IlACcrGpHAc-00431-00134671-00134920 if you're willing to lend the US government +IlACcrGpHAc-00432-00134920-00135415 for a 30-year period, you will get paid almost 2 and 1/2% +IlACcrGpHAc-00433-00135415-00135655 a year instead of 1 and 1/2%. +IlACcrGpHAc-00434-00135655-00135958 Typically, when we loan money to other counterparties +IlACcrGpHAc-00435-00135958-00136129 for a longer period of time, we're +IlACcrGpHAc-00436-00136129-00136402 going to actually be getting paid higher interest. +IlACcrGpHAc-00437-00136402-00136597 Because well, when you're loaning +IlACcrGpHAc-00438-00136597-00136870 money for a longer horizon, more things can happen. +IlACcrGpHAc-00439-00136870-00137135 There's more risk over that longer horizon. +IlACcrGpHAc-00440-00137135-00137281 And so you're going to get rewarded +IlACcrGpHAc-00441-00137281-00137742 for that risk, risk-reward trade-off as we saw before. +IlACcrGpHAc-00442-00137742-00138180 But on occasion, this upward-sloping yield curve +IlACcrGpHAc-00443-00138180-00138310 can shift. +IlACcrGpHAc-00444-00138310-00138456 And let me show you what this yield +IlACcrGpHAc-00445-00138456-00138651 curve looked like just a few weeks later +IlACcrGpHAc-00446-00138651-00138861 on February the 18th. +IlACcrGpHAc-00447-00138861-00139144 So now, at the short end of the yield curve, +IlACcrGpHAc-00448-00139144-00139515 meaning for shorter maturity bonds, +IlACcrGpHAc-00449-00139515-00139782 you're getting about the same yield. +IlACcrGpHAc-00450-00139782-00140067 But as you go into longer maturities, +IlACcrGpHAc-00451-00140067-00140403 actually, the yield has declined. +IlACcrGpHAc-00452-00140403-00141036 So contrary to what I just told you about longer maturity loans +IlACcrGpHAc-00453-00141036-00141343 getting a higher yield, in this case, +IlACcrGpHAc-00454-00141343-00141739 we have what's known as an inverted yield curve. +IlACcrGpHAc-00455-00141739-00142056 There are periods of longer horizons where +IlACcrGpHAc-00456-00142056-00142326 the yields are actually lower. +IlACcrGpHAc-00457-00142326-00142575 And that's telling us something. +IlACcrGpHAc-00458-00142575-00142941 It's telling us that people who buy these bonds +IlACcrGpHAc-00459-00142941-00143331 are thinking that we may be heading towards a recession. +IlACcrGpHAc-00460-00143331-00143547 That interest rates are going to be going +IlACcrGpHAc-00461-00143547-00143890 down farther into the future. +IlACcrGpHAc-00462-00143890-00144312 And as a result, we're going to see these inversions. +IlACcrGpHAc-00463-00144312-00144507 Now, it's not a perfect forecast. +IlACcrGpHAc-00464-00144507-00144744 But over the course of the last several decades, +IlACcrGpHAc-00465-00144744-00145042 when you have inverted yield curves, more often than not, +IlACcrGpHAc-00466-00145042-00145378 you have had recessions one, two, and three years later. +IlACcrGpHAc-00467-00145378-00145653 So this is a source of concern. +IlACcrGpHAc-00468-00145653-00145955 But if you look later on in the year at the yield curves, +IlACcrGpHAc-00469-00145955-00146185 you see something else happening. +IlACcrGpHAc-00470-00146185-00146581 Still an inversion and even a deeper dip. +IlACcrGpHAc-00471-00146581-00146989 But then over the course of just the last week, +IlACcrGpHAc-00472-00146989-00147229 you see that the short end of the yield curve +IlACcrGpHAc-00473-00147229-00147474 has dropped dramatically. +IlACcrGpHAc-00474-00147474-00147837 What's going on there is that the Fed +IlACcrGpHAc-00475-00147837-00148227 has been cutting rates trying to stimulate the economy. +IlACcrGpHAc-00476-00148227-00148472 The Fed has also been reflecting on the fact +IlACcrGpHAc-00477-00148472-00148664 that more and more people are now +IlACcrGpHAc-00478-00148664-00149156 wanting to buy shorter term US treasury securities. +IlACcrGpHAc-00479-00149156-00149453 Typically, when you buy the securities, +IlACcrGpHAc-00480-00149453-00149612 you bid up their price. +IlACcrGpHAc-00481-00149612-00149840 That actually lowers their yield. +IlACcrGpHAc-00482-00149840-00150110 So as the yields get lower and lower, +IlACcrGpHAc-00483-00150110-00150431 what that's telling you is that there is more and more demand +IlACcrGpHAc-00484-00150431-00150855 for shorter term securities for the US government. +IlACcrGpHAc-00485-00150855-00151208 And that's a consequence of people putting more money +IlACcrGpHAc-00486-00151208-00151646 into that, presumably taking it out of more risky assets. +IlACcrGpHAc-00487-00151646-00151964 As the yields go down, you're seeing +IlACcrGpHAc-00488-00151964-00152412 what's called a flight to quality or flight to safety. +IlACcrGpHAc-00489-00152412-00152783 So these markets are telling us that something serious is +IlACcrGpHAc-00490-00152783-00153089 going on and that financial market participants are +IlACcrGpHAc-00491-00153089-00153273 reacting. +IlACcrGpHAc-00492-00153273-00153453 Yet another illustration of the fact +IlACcrGpHAc-00493-00153453-00153828 that we're going to a flight to quality, flight to safety, +IlACcrGpHAc-00494-00153828-00154161 is the difference in yield between corporate bonds, which +IlACcrGpHAc-00495-00154161-00154417 have the risk that companies can go bankrupt, +IlACcrGpHAc-00496-00154417-00154824 so the bonds can default, versus US treasury securities. +IlACcrGpHAc-00497-00154824-00155184 This is a graph that shows the spread between Baa +IlACcrGpHAc-00498-00155184-00155553 corporate bonds, bonds that are investment grade, +IlACcrGpHAc-00499-00155553-00155847 and those that are treasury bills. +IlACcrGpHAc-00500-00155847-00156153 And you can see that, over the course of the last few weeks, +IlACcrGpHAc-00501-00156153-00156585 we've gone from about a two-percentage-point spread +IlACcrGpHAc-00502-00156585-00157062 between US Treasury securities and corporate bonds +IlACcrGpHAc-00503-00157062-00157467 to a spread of 3.2%. +IlACcrGpHAc-00504-00157467-00157728 That's quite a big difference just in the course +IlACcrGpHAc-00505-00157728-00157978 of a couple of weeks. +IlACcrGpHAc-00506-00157978-00158383 So to put it bluntly people are freaking out. +IlACcrGpHAc-00507-00158383-00158953 They're putting money into safer assets from more risky assets. +IlACcrGpHAc-00508-00158953-00159288 Now, if we go back in time and look at the financial crisis, +IlACcrGpHAc-00509-00159288-00159507 we actually see some similarities. +IlACcrGpHAc-00510-00159507-00159831 So let me show you the yield curve that occurred on January +IlACcrGpHAc-00511-00159831-00160074 the 2nd, 2007. +IlACcrGpHAc-00512-00160074-00160446 That yield curve-- much higher in those days. +IlACcrGpHAc-00513-00160446-00160806 But nevertheless, you still see an inversion +IlACcrGpHAc-00514-00160806-00161098 at the beginning of 2007. +IlACcrGpHAc-00515-00161098-00161371 Now, it turns out that the economy was going +IlACcrGpHAc-00516-00161371-00161617 into a recession at that time. +IlACcrGpHAc-00517-00161617-00161928 And clearly, this inversion showed that. +IlACcrGpHAc-00518-00161928-00162107 But if you look at the course of the yield +IlACcrGpHAc-00519-00162107-00162377 curves during that fateful year-- +IlACcrGpHAc-00520-00162377-00163007 2007, 2008-- what you'll see is progressively lower and lower +IlACcrGpHAc-00521-00163007-00163241 yields at the short end. +IlACcrGpHAc-00522-00163241-00163817 And in January 2 of 2009, the yield curve +IlACcrGpHAc-00523-00163817-00164039 actually show that, in the very short end, +IlACcrGpHAc-00524-00164039-00164252 you're actually at zero. +IlACcrGpHAc-00525-00164252-00164495 In fact, there was a brief period of time +IlACcrGpHAc-00526-00164495-00164906 where the yield dipped below zero, a negative yield +IlACcrGpHAc-00527-00164906-00165137 for US treasury securities. +IlACcrGpHAc-00528-00165137-00165335 That's a pretty shocking state of affairs +IlACcrGpHAc-00529-00165335-00165884 because what that's saying is, in effect, I, an investor, +IlACcrGpHAc-00530-00165884-00166501 am willing to pay $1,001 today in order +IlACcrGpHAc-00531-00166501-00167086 to get back from you $1,000 three months from now. +IlACcrGpHAc-00532-00167086-00167659 Why would I pay more money today in order to get back less three +IlACcrGpHAc-00533-00167659-00167858 months from now? +IlACcrGpHAc-00534-00167858-00168106 It's because I'm really worried that I'm not +IlACcrGpHAc-00535-00168106-00168284 going to be able to get my money back. +IlACcrGpHAc-00536-00168284-00168785 And so I want the safety of US government securities. +IlACcrGpHAc-00537-00168785-00168928 So we're not there yet. +IlACcrGpHAc-00538-00168928-00169087 But I suspect that there is a chance +IlACcrGpHAc-00539-00169087-00169312 that, over the course of the next few weeks or months, +IlACcrGpHAc-00540-00169312-00169573 we may get to a zero interest rate +IlACcrGpHAc-00541-00169573-00169867 and possibly negative yield environment because +IlACcrGpHAc-00542-00169867-00170087 of the market reaction. +IlACcrGpHAc-00543-00170087-00170414 So let me give you a bit of perspective +IlACcrGpHAc-00544-00170414-00170829 now having described the current state of affairs. +IlACcrGpHAc-00545-00170829-00171168 First of all, in terms of where we are now, +IlACcrGpHAc-00546-00171168-00171469 let's keep in mind where we came from. +IlACcrGpHAc-00547-00171469-00171885 So I'm going to show the same fear index and the S&P 500, +IlACcrGpHAc-00548-00171885-00172122 but not just year to date. +IlACcrGpHAc-00549-00172122-00172436 I want to go back to 2016. +IlACcrGpHAc-00550-00172436-00172658 And when you look at the fear index, +IlACcrGpHAc-00551-00172658-00172958 you see that there are a number of periods +IlACcrGpHAc-00552-00172958-00173192 over that multi-year horizon where +IlACcrGpHAc-00553-00173192-00173360 the fear index has shot up. +IlACcrGpHAc-00554-00173360-00173681 Maybe not as high as it is today, but a little bit later +IlACcrGpHAc-00555-00173681-00173870 on, I'll show you where there are periods +IlACcrGpHAc-00556-00173870-00174078 where it's gotten even higher. +IlACcrGpHAc-00557-00174078-00174248 But more importantly, let me show +IlACcrGpHAc-00558-00174248-00174605 you what happened to the S&P 500 during that period of time. +IlACcrGpHAc-00559-00174605-00174818 Well, we've had a pretty significant drop +IlACcrGpHAc-00560-00174818-00175161 over the course of the last couple of weeks in the S&P. +IlACcrGpHAc-00561-00175161-00175397 But remember where we came from. +IlACcrGpHAc-00562-00175397-00176012 In January of 2019, the S&P was at about 2,500. +IlACcrGpHAc-00563-00176012-00176723 And over the course of 2019, the S&P went up by about 36%. +IlACcrGpHAc-00564-00176723-00176951 So we may have lost a lot of those gains. +IlACcrGpHAc-00565-00176951-00177125 We may have lost all of it. +IlACcrGpHAc-00566-00177125-00177443 But the S&P is not at zero. +IlACcrGpHAc-00567-00177443-00177743 We've lost the gains from over the past year. +IlACcrGpHAc-00568-00177743-00177965 But many have argued that, over that past year, +IlACcrGpHAc-00569-00177965-00178370 those gains were really way too high and not sustainable. +IlACcrGpHAc-00570-00178370-00178774 And so the market is correcting as it does from time to time. +IlACcrGpHAc-00571-00178774-00178966 Now, you'll notice that there was a little bit +IlACcrGpHAc-00572-00178966-00179500 of a wiggle back in 2018. +IlACcrGpHAc-00573-00179500-00179713 And this wiggle is something that +IlACcrGpHAc-00574-00179713-00180017 doesn't look like a whole lot compared to where we are. +IlACcrGpHAc-00575-00180017-00180382 But at the time, the newspapers made a big deal of it. +IlACcrGpHAc-00576-00180382-00180773 At that particular date, which was February the 5th of 2018, +IlACcrGpHAc-00577-00180773-00181321 it turns out that the Dow went down by 1,175 points, the worst +IlACcrGpHAc-00578-00181321-00181600 point decline in history. +IlACcrGpHAc-00579-00181600-00181837 That sounds really scary until you +IlACcrGpHAc-00580-00181837-00182239 realize that the reason that it's the worst point decline +IlACcrGpHAc-00581-00182239-00182618 is because the Dow Jones index is at a very high level. +IlACcrGpHAc-00582-00182618-00182944 And so when you translate into rate of return, +IlACcrGpHAc-00583-00182944-00183238 that decline was about 4 and 1/2%, +IlACcrGpHAc-00584-00183238-00183583 which in the grand scheme of things is not that big a deal. +IlACcrGpHAc-00585-00183583-00183892 It is large, but it's not outrageously large. +IlACcrGpHAc-00586-00183892-00184145 It certainly can happen from time to time. +IlACcrGpHAc-00587-00184145-00184837 And so newspapers will fix on really shocking news +IlACcrGpHAc-00588-00184837-00185029 whatever way that they can put it. +IlACcrGpHAc-00589-00185029-00185251 And that's part of what's going on right now. +IlACcrGpHAc-00590-00185251-00185602 People are being scared because these numbers are breaking +IlACcrGpHAc-00591-00185602-00186173 certain records like the Dow Jones back in February of 2018. +IlACcrGpHAc-00592-00186173-00186445 The fact is that markets do go up and down. +IlACcrGpHAc-00593-00186445-00186562 There is risk. +IlACcrGpHAc-00594-00186562-00186809 And markets will recover. +IlACcrGpHAc-00595-00186809-00187193 Let me give you a bit more perspective and focus on-- +IlACcrGpHAc-00596-00187193-00187523 it's true that the fact that, last Thursday, +IlACcrGpHAc-00597-00187523-00187634 was a pretty bad day. +IlACcrGpHAc-00598-00187634-00187988 We lost 9 and 1/2% in the S&P in one day. +IlACcrGpHAc-00599-00187988-00188303 And it is true that the VIX index was among the worst. +IlACcrGpHAc-00600-00188303-00188807 If you rank the VIX index since it began in 1990, then +IlACcrGpHAc-00601-00188807-00189263 Thursday was probably in the top five. +IlACcrGpHAc-00602-00189263-00189608 And in fact, here, it shows the top four +IlACcrGpHAc-00603-00189608-00189878 in terms of how high the VIX was. +IlACcrGpHAc-00604-00189878-00190232 So naturally, you might think, well, we should be getting out. +IlACcrGpHAc-00605-00190232-00190577 And in some cases, for certain individuals, +IlACcrGpHAc-00606-00190577-00190835 it makes sense to get out. +IlACcrGpHAc-00607-00190835-00191159 The question is do you know when to get back +IlACcrGpHAc-00608-00191159-00191491 in because the markets do recover. +IlACcrGpHAc-00609-00191491-00191695 And unless you're watching them like a hawk. +IlACcrGpHAc-00610-00191695-00191875 And it's very hard to do that unless you're +IlACcrGpHAc-00611-00191875-00192073 a financial market professional with all +IlACcrGpHAc-00612-00192073-00192565 of these various tools, you may not know when to get back in. +IlACcrGpHAc-00613-00192565-00193021 So let me illustrate to you that with what happened last Friday. +IlACcrGpHAc-00614-00193021-00193648 If you take a look at the top 10 best days of the S&P from 1926 +IlACcrGpHAc-00615-00193648-00194437 to March 13 of 2020, here are the top 10 best days. +IlACcrGpHAc-00616-00194437-00194912 And it turns out that last Friday, the 13th, +IlACcrGpHAc-00617-00194912-00195579 ranked number seven in the very best days of the S&P. +IlACcrGpHAc-00618-00195579-00195900 I'm not sure if any of you have read the tale of two cities. +IlACcrGpHAc-00619-00195900-00196011 It was the best of times. +IlACcrGpHAc-00620-00196011-00196173 It was the worst of times. +IlACcrGpHAc-00621-00196173-00196503 That's kind of what we're living through right now. +IlACcrGpHAc-00622-00196503-00196686 Markets are very volatile. +IlACcrGpHAc-00623-00196686-00196998 And unless you actually know how to time them, +IlACcrGpHAc-00624-00196998-00197319 it is very difficult to pick the times when you should get out +IlACcrGpHAc-00625-00197319-00197592 and the times when you should get back in. +IlACcrGpHAc-00626-00197592-00197799 In fact, we know that there are going +IlACcrGpHAc-00627-00197799-00198084 to be winners and losers, many of them +IlACcrGpHAc-00628-00198084-00198270 having to do with new technologies +IlACcrGpHAc-00629-00198270-00198555 versus traditional technologies. +IlACcrGpHAc-00630-00198555-00198750 Let me give you a couple of examples. +IlACcrGpHAc-00631-00198750-00199056 Cruise ships, like Carnival Cruise Line, +IlACcrGpHAc-00632-00199056-00199251 have been hit pretty hard. +IlACcrGpHAc-00633-00199251-00199455 Not surprisingly, if you look at the stock +IlACcrGpHAc-00634-00199455-00199794 price of Carnival Cruise Line, one of the largest cruise +IlACcrGpHAc-00635-00199794-00200056 lines in the world, at the beginning of this year, +IlACcrGpHAc-00636-00200056-00200394 they were trading at about $50.72. +IlACcrGpHAc-00637-00200394-00201035 As of Friday, Carnival Cruise Line was trading at $17.58. +IlACcrGpHAc-00638-00201035-00201247 They're obviously one of the losers +IlACcrGpHAc-00639-00201247-00201460 in this current situation. +IlACcrGpHAc-00640-00201460-00201590 How about one of the winners? +IlACcrGpHAc-00641-00201590-00201844 Well, Zoom Video. +IlACcrGpHAc-00642-00201844-00202183 We're coming to you through Zoom technology right now. +IlACcrGpHAc-00643-00202183-00202699 Beginning of the year, Zoom Video was at $68.72. +IlACcrGpHAc-00644-00202699-00203167 As of Friday, $107.47. +IlACcrGpHAc-00645-00203167-00203590 So what's happening is market dislocation because +IlACcrGpHAc-00646-00203590-00203878 of concerns about COVID-19. +IlACcrGpHAc-00647-00203878-00204433 And there are tremendous opportunities being created +IlACcrGpHAc-00648-00204433-00204742 right now for active managers. +IlACcrGpHAc-00649-00204742-00205042 So if you're an active manager, congratulations. +IlACcrGpHAc-00650-00205042-00205261 You're in a period of time where you +IlACcrGpHAc-00651-00205261-00205465 will be able to make your name in this business +IlACcrGpHAc-00652-00205465-00205912 by identifying the winners and losers and trading accordingly. +IlACcrGpHAc-00653-00205912-00206102 Well, what about for the rest of us? +IlACcrGpHAc-00654-00206102-00206452 For the rest of us, it's about diversification, +IlACcrGpHAc-00655-00206452-00206625 making sure that you've got your bets +IlACcrGpHAc-00656-00206625-00206962 spread across a number of different assets, +IlACcrGpHAc-00657-00206962-00207223 and about dealing with your own emotions +IlACcrGpHAc-00658-00207223-00207478 and how to react to these market gyrations. +IlACcrGpHAc-00659-00207478-00207746 And I'll get to that in a few minutes. +IlACcrGpHAc-00660-00207746-00207948 Now, it's often helpful in thinking +IlACcrGpHAc-00661-00207948-00208159 about what we ought to do to compare +IlACcrGpHAc-00662-00208159-00208603 across time at other scenarios that may be similar to what +IlACcrGpHAc-00663-00208603-00208808 we're going through now. +IlACcrGpHAc-00664-00208808-00209163 Now, it's often said that history doesn't repeat itself, +IlACcrGpHAc-00665-00209163-00209263 but it often rhymes. +IlACcrGpHAc-00666-00209263-00209409 It's been attributed to Mark Twain. +IlACcrGpHAc-00667-00209409-00209682 But nobody can seem to find a definitive point +IlACcrGpHAc-00668-00209682-00209811 where he actually said it. +IlACcrGpHAc-00669-00209811-00210273 In any case, the truth of it is really what I want to focus on. +IlACcrGpHAc-00670-00210273-00210576 Thinking about the past doesn't always tell us +IlACcrGpHAc-00671-00210576-00210757 exactly what's going to happen. +IlACcrGpHAc-00672-00210757-00211230 But it can give us ways of at least providing guidance +IlACcrGpHAc-00673-00211230-00211387 in how we react. +IlACcrGpHAc-00674-00211387-00211542 So I want to compare what we're going +IlACcrGpHAc-00675-00211542-00211898 through to two particular scenarios, the 1918 influenza +IlACcrGpHAc-00676-00211898-00212148 pandemic or so-called "Spanish flu." +IlACcrGpHAc-00677-00212148-00212369 I'll tell you in a minute why that's in quotes. +IlACcrGpHAc-00678-00212369-00212779 And then second, the 2008 financial crisis. +IlACcrGpHAc-00679-00212779-00213142 Now, before you get frustrated about this comparison +IlACcrGpHAc-00680-00213142-00213444 because I'm going to tell you right now that the comparison +IlACcrGpHAc-00681-00213444-00213575 is not perfect. +IlACcrGpHAc-00682-00213575-00213733 There are all sorts of reasons why +IlACcrGpHAc-00683-00213733-00213924 the current situation that we're going through +IlACcrGpHAc-00684-00213924-00214396 is not like the 1918 pandemic or the 2008 financial crisis. +IlACcrGpHAc-00685-00214396-00214617 But these are the closest things that +IlACcrGpHAc-00686-00214617-00214956 match where we may be going through over the course +IlACcrGpHAc-00687-00214956-00215048 of the next few weeks. +IlACcrGpHAc-00688-00215048-00215402 So that's why I want to spend a few minutes talking about them. +IlACcrGpHAc-00689-00215402-00215701 So let's start with the 1918 influenza pandemic. +IlACcrGpHAc-00690-00215701-00215953 First of all, there's been some research +IlACcrGpHAc-00691-00215953-00216316 done on the economic consequences of that pandemic. +IlACcrGpHAc-00692-00216316-00216621 And the research paper that I want to point you to +IlACcrGpHAc-00693-00216621-00217023 is an article that came out from the Federal Reserve +IlACcrGpHAc-00694-00217023-00217512 Bank of St. Louis in November of 2007 by Thomas Garrett. +IlACcrGpHAc-00695-00217512-00217827 Now, there's not a lot of economic data from 1918. +IlACcrGpHAc-00696-00217827-00218069 So this article couldn't say a whole lot +IlACcrGpHAc-00697-00218069-00218208 about what was going on. +IlACcrGpHAc-00698-00218208-00218421 But it's kind of instructive in terms +IlACcrGpHAc-00699-00218421-00218619 of what they are able to cover. +IlACcrGpHAc-00700-00218619-00218892 And I'll tell you a bit about that in a minute. +IlACcrGpHAc-00701-00218892-00219030 The first point I want to make is +IlACcrGpHAc-00702-00219030-00219306 that the reason that we don't call it the Spanish flu +IlACcrGpHAc-00703-00219306-00219623 any longer is because it turns out that it really +IlACcrGpHAc-00704-00219623-00219821 was not from Spain. +IlACcrGpHAc-00705-00219821-00220044 We're not exactly sure where the flu came from. +IlACcrGpHAc-00706-00220044-00220206 But the reason that people call it +IlACcrGpHAc-00707-00220206-00220710 the Spanish flu is that 1918 was during World War I. +IlACcrGpHAc-00708-00220710-00221364 And the countries where the infections took hold initially +IlACcrGpHAc-00709-00221364-00221523 were under a news blackout. +IlACcrGpHAc-00710-00221523-00221877 And they did not want to publicize the influenza +IlACcrGpHAc-00711-00221877-00222048 because they didn't want people to panic. +IlACcrGpHAc-00712-00222048-00222261 They wanted to maintain morale. +IlACcrGpHAc-00713-00222261-00222456 And Spain was neutral at the time. +IlACcrGpHAc-00714-00222456-00222623 So they didn't have a news blackout. +IlACcrGpHAc-00715-00222623-00222960 So the first reports that people read about the flu +IlACcrGpHAc-00716-00222960-00223338 came from Spain, hence the term "Spanish flu." +IlACcrGpHAc-00717-00223338-00223844 So this article summarizes the economic consequences +IlACcrGpHAc-00718-00223844-00224048 of the 1918 influenza. +IlACcrGpHAc-00719-00224048-00224246 And there are three conclusions that I'll +IlACcrGpHAc-00720-00224246-00224417 talk about in a few minutes. +IlACcrGpHAc-00721-00224417-00224757 The first is that most of the economic effects +IlACcrGpHAc-00722-00224757-00225105 of the influenza were pretty short term. +IlACcrGpHAc-00723-00225105-00225507 Now, we have to acknowledge that the human consequences were +IlACcrGpHAc-00724-00225507-00225654 tremendous. +IlACcrGpHAc-00725-00225654-00226044 A large number of people, anywhere from 20 million to 50 +IlACcrGpHAc-00726-00226044-00226098 million-- +IlACcrGpHAc-00727-00226098-00226344 I've heard figures as high as 100 million-- +IlACcrGpHAc-00728-00226344-00226659 died because of that pandemic. +IlACcrGpHAc-00729-00226659-00227221 So I don't want to minimize that tremendous human tragedy. +IlACcrGpHAc-00730-00227221-00227439 But from the business perspective, +IlACcrGpHAc-00731-00227439-00227652 what we found is that businesses that +IlACcrGpHAc-00732-00227652-00227865 were involved in services and entertainment, +IlACcrGpHAc-00733-00227865-00228048 they were affected pretty severely. +IlACcrGpHAc-00734-00228048-00228150 They lost. +IlACcrGpHAc-00735-00228150-00228336 But other businesses, for example, +IlACcrGpHAc-00736-00228336-00228521 those specializing in health care, +IlACcrGpHAc-00737-00228521-00228762 they actually did much better. +IlACcrGpHAc-00738-00228762-00229002 So it's a mixed bag. +IlACcrGpHAc-00739-00229002-00229239 And as long as you are well diversified +IlACcrGpHAc-00740-00229239-00229479 over that period of time, even though there +IlACcrGpHAc-00741-00229479-00229887 were short-term losses, eventually, it recovered. +IlACcrGpHAc-00742-00229887-00230163 Second, there was a shortage of labor +IlACcrGpHAc-00743-00230163-00230352 obviously because a number of people +IlACcrGpHAc-00744-00230352-00230562 were stricken with this pandemic. +IlACcrGpHAc-00745-00230562-00230884 And that actually resulted in wage inflation. +IlACcrGpHAc-00746-00230884-00231090 So certain areas that were hit hardest +IlACcrGpHAc-00747-00231090-00231450 had the fewest number of people that were able to work. +IlACcrGpHAc-00748-00231450-00231687 Those are the areas that experienced the greatest wage +IlACcrGpHAc-00749-00231687-00231823 inflation. +IlACcrGpHAc-00750-00231823-00231990 And finally, there was some evidence +IlACcrGpHAc-00751-00231990-00232292 that women that were pregnant with children +IlACcrGpHAc-00752-00232292-00232488 during the period of time, those children +IlACcrGpHAc-00753-00232488-00232742 suffered afterwards for a variety of reasons. +IlACcrGpHAc-00754-00232742-00233110 And you can read about it in the paper and what's cited there. +IlACcrGpHAc-00755-00233110-00233478 But what I want to talk about is the stock market experience +IlACcrGpHAc-00756-00233478-00233646 during that period of time. +IlACcrGpHAc-00757-00233646-00234012 Now, I said, we don't have a lot of data going back that far. +IlACcrGpHAc-00758-00234012-00234242 But there is a stock market index +IlACcrGpHAc-00759-00234242-00234531 that Bill Schwert, a finance professor at the University +IlACcrGpHAc-00760-00234531-00234690 of Rochester, created. +IlACcrGpHAc-00761-00234690-00234996 And that index goes from the 1800s +IlACcrGpHAc-00762-00234996-00235117 all the way to the present. +IlACcrGpHAc-00763-00235117-00235305 It's the Dow Jones composite index +IlACcrGpHAc-00764-00235305-00235617 from the 1800s up to around 1928. +IlACcrGpHAc-00765-00235617-00235878 And for our purposes, that works just fine. +IlACcrGpHAc-00766-00235878-00236160 So I'm going to show you that Dow Jones composite index +IlACcrGpHAc-00767-00236160-00236625 from 1916 all the way to 1922. +IlACcrGpHAc-00768-00236625-00236905 So that really captures the period before, during, +IlACcrGpHAc-00769-00236905-00237194 and after the 1918 pandemic. +IlACcrGpHAc-00770-00237194-00237432 Now, there are a few dates that I've drawn on this graph. +IlACcrGpHAc-00771-00237432-00237759 April 2, 1917-- that's when the United States declared war +IlACcrGpHAc-00772-00237759-00238083 on Germany, when we entered World War I. At the time, +IlACcrGpHAc-00773-00238083-00238491 there was about 127,000 members of the US Army +IlACcrGpHAc-00774-00238491-00238694 that were involved. +IlACcrGpHAc-00775-00238694-00239244 By the time we ended the War in 1919, +IlACcrGpHAc-00776-00239244-00239523 over 4 million Americans ended up +IlACcrGpHAc-00777-00239523-00239829 serving in the War and another 800,000 +IlACcrGpHAc-00778-00239829-00240119 in other branches of the military. +IlACcrGpHAc-00779-00240119-00240369 So a lot of people were involved. +IlACcrGpHAc-00780-00240369-00240550 They were traveling around the world. +IlACcrGpHAc-00781-00240550-00241146 And as you can imagine, that did a lot to spread the flu. +IlACcrGpHAc-00782-00241146-00241401 So here is a chart of what happened +IlACcrGpHAc-00783-00241401-00241573 during that period of time. +IlACcrGpHAc-00784-00241573-00241971 And you can see that, from the time that war was declared +IlACcrGpHAc-00785-00241971-00242307 until April 5, 1918, that was the first news +IlACcrGpHAc-00786-00242307-00242637 story of some kind of an infection +IlACcrGpHAc-00787-00242637-00242757 here in the United States. +IlACcrGpHAc-00788-00242757-00243096 It came from a military base in Kansas. +IlACcrGpHAc-00789-00243096-00243306 The stock market went down. +IlACcrGpHAc-00790-00243306-00243510 But I wouldn't call it a crash. +IlACcrGpHAc-00791-00243510-00243944 It did go down probably about 20%. +IlACcrGpHAc-00792-00243944-00244251 So that's fairly significant, but it recovered. +IlACcrGpHAc-00793-00244251-00244605 And so net net over the course of a year, down 10%, +IlACcrGpHAc-00794-00244605-00244884 market fluctuations certainly can do that. +IlACcrGpHAc-00795-00245151-00245689 The pandemic of 1918 is divided into three different periods. +IlACcrGpHAc-00796-00245689-00246036 The first period, starting around March of 1918 +IlACcrGpHAc-00797-00246036-00246414 going through the summer, that was the first wave. +IlACcrGpHAc-00798-00246414-00246756 But the second and third waves were much more serious. +IlACcrGpHAc-00799-00246756-00247350 The second a wave occurred between September and December. +IlACcrGpHAc-00800-00247350-00247683 And during that second period, which is the most deadly, +IlACcrGpHAc-00801-00247683-00247971 we lost a tremendous number of lives. +IlACcrGpHAc-00802-00247971-00248613 In the month of October alone, we lost 195,000 people +IlACcrGpHAc-00803-00248613-00248771 in the United States-- +IlACcrGpHAc-00804-00248771-00248958 195,000. +IlACcrGpHAc-00805-00248958-00249555 To give you some perspective the H1N1 pandemic of 2009, +IlACcrGpHAc-00806-00249555-00249834 the total number of deaths estimated in the US +IlACcrGpHAc-00807-00249834-00250434 from 2009 to 2018 is about 75,000. +IlACcrGpHAc-00808-00250434-00251042 The 1918 pandemic killed 675,000 when all was said and done. +IlACcrGpHAc-00809-00251042-00251621 And so that third wave that took us all the way to June of 2019 +IlACcrGpHAc-00810-00251621-00252150 also killed several hundred thousand lives. +IlACcrGpHAc-00811-00252150-00252429 Throughout this terrible period when +IlACcrGpHAc-00812-00252429-00252840 we see that enormous loss of life, +IlACcrGpHAc-00813-00252840-00253287 a tremendous danger to society, what +IlACcrGpHAc-00814-00253287-00253517 happened to the stock market? +IlACcrGpHAc-00815-00253517-00253680 It went up. +IlACcrGpHAc-00816-00253680-00253854 Now, I know it may sound obscene to be +IlACcrGpHAc-00817-00253854-00254037 talking about business in the context +IlACcrGpHAc-00818-00254037-00254236 of this great human tragedy. +IlACcrGpHAc-00819-00254236-00254625 But the point I'm making is that, while tragic, +IlACcrGpHAc-00820-00254625-00254796 from an investment point of view, +IlACcrGpHAc-00821-00254796-00255005 there is a very different market dynamic. +IlACcrGpHAc-00822-00255005-00255327 Now, you can't compare exactly because, of course, +IlACcrGpHAc-00823-00255327-00255465 that was the end of the War. +IlACcrGpHAc-00824-00255465-00255735 There were other things going on in the US economy. +IlACcrGpHAc-00825-00255735-00255896 There are some very big differences +IlACcrGpHAc-00826-00255896-00256140 between back then and today. +IlACcrGpHAc-00827-00256140-00256461 But as close as we can tell, it is clear +IlACcrGpHAc-00828-00256461-00256796 that, even in something as devastating as the 1918 +IlACcrGpHAc-00829-00256796-00257080 influenza pandemic, even in that case, +IlACcrGpHAc-00830-00257080-00257262 the economy recovered and went on +IlACcrGpHAc-00831-00257262-00257601 to do really well after that. +IlACcrGpHAc-00832-00257601-00257766 So we're running short on time. +IlACcrGpHAc-00833-00257766-00258023 So I'm going to skip ahead and go +IlACcrGpHAc-00834-00258023-00258435 to the point about the financial crisis of 2008. +IlACcrGpHAc-00835-00258435-00258698 And in this particular case, we can +IlACcrGpHAc-00836-00258698-00259029 see that there are some very clear parallels +IlACcrGpHAc-00837-00259029-00259401 with the exception that the real economy got hit very hard. +IlACcrGpHAc-00838-00259401-00259702 Many, many millions of jobs were lost. +IlACcrGpHAc-00839-00259702-00259869 And it was incredibly disruptive because +IlACcrGpHAc-00840-00259869-00260058 the entire financial system looked +IlACcrGpHAc-00841-00260058-00260412 like it was on the brink of collapse, +IlACcrGpHAc-00842-00260412-00260589 although that may have been overblown. +IlACcrGpHAc-00843-00260589-00260790 But certainly, from a financial perspective, +IlACcrGpHAc-00844-00260790-00260962 it didn't seem that way. +IlACcrGpHAc-00845-00260962-00261317 So when you look at the fear index back to 2008, +IlACcrGpHAc-00846-00261317-00261648 you can see that, while the VIX index is high now, +IlACcrGpHAc-00847-00261648-00261858 it was even higher during 2008. +IlACcrGpHAc-00848-00261858-00262116 And it stayed high for a period of time. +IlACcrGpHAc-00849-00262116-00262536 And there were a number of difficult challenges. +IlACcrGpHAc-00850-00262536-00262770 Also, the S&P 500 went down. +IlACcrGpHAc-00851-00262770-00263043 It looks like it didn't go down as significantly. +IlACcrGpHAc-00852-00263043-00263379 But if you look at it on a log scale where, on a log scale, +IlACcrGpHAc-00853-00263379-00263540 the same vertical distances correspond +IlACcrGpHAc-00854-00263540-00263874 to same rates of return, on a return basis, +IlACcrGpHAc-00855-00263874-00264213 it was much worse back in 2008. +IlACcrGpHAc-00856-00264213-00264390 Now, we're not done. +IlACcrGpHAc-00857-00264390-00264579 And so there may be some difficulties going +IlACcrGpHAc-00858-00264579-00264891 on that remain to be seen. +IlACcrGpHAc-00859-00264891-00265302 But we look at credit spreads, way higher in 2008. +IlACcrGpHAc-00860-00265302-00265524 And the amount of intervention that was undertaken +IlACcrGpHAc-00861-00265524-00265701 was unprecedented. +IlACcrGpHAc-00862-00265701-00266079 Initial bailout plan was rejected in September of 2008. +IlACcrGpHAc-00863-00266079-00266314 It was ultimately approved in October. +IlACcrGpHAc-00864-00266314-00266559 We're talking about something like $700 billion +IlACcrGpHAc-00865-00266559-00266763 of intervention. +IlACcrGpHAc-00866-00266763-00267054 And there were many different programs +IlACcrGpHAc-00867-00267054-00267237 that were undertaken in order to deal +IlACcrGpHAc-00868-00267237-00267426 with that kind of a crisis. +IlACcrGpHAc-00869-00267426-00267826 Lots of things happened over a very short period of time. +IlACcrGpHAc-00870-00267826-00268221 And it was really that kind of spending-- +IlACcrGpHAc-00871-00268221-00268515 much of which has been repaid, that spending, +IlACcrGpHAc-00872-00268515-00268896 that ultimately ended up changing the dynamic +IlACcrGpHAc-00873-00268896-00269091 to the point where we did not have +IlACcrGpHAc-00874-00269091-00269244 the same kind of depression that we +IlACcrGpHAc-00875-00269244-00269703 experienced in the aftermath of the 1929 market crash. +IlACcrGpHAc-00876-00269703-00269877 Why did we do all of this? +IlACcrGpHAc-00877-00269877-00270045 We did all of this because we wanted +IlACcrGpHAc-00878-00270045-00270279 to prevent madness of mobs. +IlACcrGpHAc-00879-00270279-00270600 We wanted to prevent people from engaging +IlACcrGpHAc-00880-00270600-00271077 in this kind of crazy behavior of letting your emotions run +IlACcrGpHAc-00881-00271077-00271302 wild and making a run. +IlACcrGpHAc-00882-00271302-00271599 We've seen that kind of herd mentality before in animals. +IlACcrGpHAc-00883-00271599-00271707 Obviously, it happens. +IlACcrGpHAc-00884-00271707-00271971 And there are many good reasons why it can happen. +IlACcrGpHAc-00885-00271971-00272292 But when you think about the Salem witch trials or bank run, +IlACcrGpHAc-00886-00272292-00272598 those are examples where that kind of herd mentality +IlACcrGpHAc-00887-00272598-00272754 does not help. +IlACcrGpHAc-00888-00272754-00272856 We see this right now. +IlACcrGpHAc-00889-00272856-00273096 We're going through this with hand sanitizer. +IlACcrGpHAc-00890-00273096-00273363 If you're trying to get that hand sanitizer, good luck. +IlACcrGpHAc-00891-00273363-00273732 There's been a run on that and some other things. +IlACcrGpHAc-00892-00273732-00274098 And in these cases, we need to think a little bit more +IlACcrGpHAc-00893-00274098-00274437 rationally and try to understand that, in the short run, +IlACcrGpHAc-00894-00274437-00274758 there will be dislocation, even if it turns out +IlACcrGpHAc-00895-00274758-00275025 that these methods aren't necessarily helping. +IlACcrGpHAc-00896-00275025-00275238 In the case of hand sanitizer, although we all +IlACcrGpHAc-00897-00275238-00275523 agree that hygiene is important, the FDA +IlACcrGpHAc-00898-00275523-00275739 has actually put out a clear statement +IlACcrGpHAc-00899-00275739-00276066 that using hand sanitizer does not necessarily +IlACcrGpHAc-00900-00276066-00276406 reduce your chances of getting a virus. +IlACcrGpHAc-00901-00276406-00276717 And so while it's good practice to use hand sanitizers +IlACcrGpHAc-00902-00276717-00276949 and to wash your hands, that's not enough. +IlACcrGpHAc-00903-00276949-00277293 We have to engage in additional measures like social distancing +IlACcrGpHAc-00904-00277293-00277441 and so on. +IlACcrGpHAc-00905-00277441-00277725 So our response to COVID-19 so far. +IlACcrGpHAc-00906-00277725-00278022 What have we done relative to the financial crisis? +IlACcrGpHAc-00907-00278022-00278346 Well, we've passed a spending bill. +IlACcrGpHAc-00908-00278346-00278506 How much is that spending bill? +IlACcrGpHAc-00909-00278506-00278772 $8.3 billion. +IlACcrGpHAc-00910-00278772-00278907 That's a good start. +IlACcrGpHAc-00911-00278907-00279069 But that's not enough. +IlACcrGpHAc-00912-00279069-00279219 And part of the reason that markets +IlACcrGpHAc-00913-00279219-00279591 are reacting the way they are is because the response so far +IlACcrGpHAc-00914-00279591-00280017 has not provided a credible set of measures +IlACcrGpHAc-00915-00280017-00280275 that will deal with this crisis in a way that will +IlACcrGpHAc-00916-00280275-00280519 deal with it once and for all. +IlACcrGpHAc-00917-00280519-00280674 Now, unlike the financial crisis, +IlACcrGpHAc-00918-00280674-00280878 just throwing money at this problem +IlACcrGpHAc-00919-00280878-00281109 isn't going to be enough because dealing +IlACcrGpHAc-00920-00281109-00281415 with viruses require time, scientific and medical +IlACcrGpHAc-00921-00281415-00281541 expertise. +IlACcrGpHAc-00922-00281541-00281776 Once you decide that you want to develop a vaccine, +IlACcrGpHAc-00923-00281776-00282060 it is often several years before you get one. +IlACcrGpHAc-00924-00282060-00282465 We need sustained resources to prepare for the outbreaks. +IlACcrGpHAc-00925-00282465-00282705 And right now, this area does not +IlACcrGpHAc-00926-00282705-00282888 have the resources it needs. +IlACcrGpHAc-00927-00282888-00283161 Now, there are organizations like the Coalition +IlACcrGpHAc-00928-00283161-00283446 for Epidemic Preparedness Initiatives, the World Health +IlACcrGpHAc-00929-00283446-00283632 Organization, and Gates that are helping. +IlACcrGpHAc-00930-00283632-00283821 But we need more. +IlACcrGpHAc-00931-00283821-00284220 So the takeaways are you have to think about the situation +IlACcrGpHAc-00932-00284220-00284517 from the short, medium, and long-term perspectives. +IlACcrGpHAc-00933-00284517-00284829 Things will probably get worse before they get better, +IlACcrGpHAc-00934-00284829-00285153 both from the perspective of this particular outbreak, +IlACcrGpHAc-00935-00285153-00285369 but also financially. +IlACcrGpHAc-00936-00285369-00285699 The short run is going to be lots of ups and downs. +IlACcrGpHAc-00937-00285699-00286029 And a "one size fits all" solution is just not +IlACcrGpHAc-00938-00286029-00286105 going to work. +IlACcrGpHAc-00939-00286105-00286419 We're going to have to think in terms of who you are +IlACcrGpHAc-00940-00286419-00286635 and what horizon you're looking at. +IlACcrGpHAc-00941-00286635-00286854 In the short run, if you need cash +IlACcrGpHAc-00942-00286854-00287255 and you need to be able to put money to work, +IlACcrGpHAc-00943-00287255-00287485 you will need to preserve your capital. +IlACcrGpHAc-00944-00287485-00287672 But in the medium and longer run, +IlACcrGpHAc-00945-00287672-00287822 there is going to be a recovery. +IlACcrGpHAc-00946-00287822-00288017 So you need to examine your goals, +IlACcrGpHAc-00947-00288017-00288260 your particular constraints and resources. +IlACcrGpHAc-00948-00288260-00288465 And do not panic. +IlACcrGpHAc-00949-00288465-00288560 Do not freak out. +IlACcrGpHAc-00950-00288560-00288692 Manage your fears. +IlACcrGpHAc-00951-00288692-00288938 Be aware of the fact that the madness of mobs +IlACcrGpHAc-00952-00288938-00289199 is causing these great swings. +IlACcrGpHAc-00953-00289199-00289571 And you'll need to use all of the tools that +IlACcrGpHAc-00954-00289571-00289712 are at your disposal. +IlACcrGpHAc-00955-00289712-00289856 If you're not equipped to do that, +IlACcrGpHAc-00956-00289856-00290018 you may need to seek financial advice +IlACcrGpHAc-00957-00290018-00290261 from a fiduciary, somebody who is looking out +IlACcrGpHAc-00958-00290261-00290459 for your interest. +IlACcrGpHAc-00959-00290459-00290804 So since we're just about out of time, I'm going to stop there. +IlACcrGpHAc-00960-00290804-00291158 These slides will be available to all of you afterwards. +IlACcrGpHAc-00961-00291158-00291506 I would ask you all to please stay safe +IlACcrGpHAc-00962-00291506-00291740 and to be considerate. +IlACcrGpHAc-00963-00291740-00292139 Think about how to deal with this problem in a way that +IlACcrGpHAc-00964-00292139-00292271 is going to be productive. +IlACcrGpHAc-00965-00292271-00292643 Social distancing seems to be the most effective way now. +IlACcrGpHAc-00966-00292643-00292883 And I wish you all well. +IlACcrGpHAc-00967-00292883-00293105 And happy to take questions now. +IlACcrGpHAc-00968-00293665-00293842 So one of the questions that I've gotten +IlACcrGpHAc-00969-00293842-00294382 is, how do you ensure that stimulus +IlACcrGpHAc-00970-00294382-00294646 goes to good use throughout the economy and not just +IlACcrGpHAc-00971-00294646-00294793 to do buybacks? +IlACcrGpHAc-00972-00294793-00295153 It is true that, if we end up getting into a situation where +IlACcrGpHAc-00973-00295153-00295366 we start engaging in fiscal stimulus-- +IlACcrGpHAc-00974-00295366-00295591 that means the government spending money-- +IlACcrGpHAc-00975-00295591-00295912 we want to make sure that that money is actually creating +IlACcrGpHAc-00976-00295912-00296101 resilience in the economy. +IlACcrGpHAc-00977-00296101-00296425 One way to do that is to think about what kinds of investments +IlACcrGpHAc-00978-00296425-00296815 we make today can turn into jobs tomorrow. +IlACcrGpHAc-00979-00296815-00297109 So education is a very important component. +IlACcrGpHAc-00980-00297109-00297343 But right now, I would say investing +IlACcrGpHAc-00981-00297343-00297664 in the infrastructure needed to produce vaccines +IlACcrGpHAc-00982-00297664-00298156 on a massive scale, investing in ventilators which is something +IlACcrGpHAc-00983-00298156-00298555 that we are going to need once the flu gets +IlACcrGpHAc-00984-00298555-00298868 going in a much more serious way in this country. +IlACcrGpHAc-00985-00298868-00299110 That's something that we can be investing in. +IlACcrGpHAc-00986-00299110-00299419 So while the $8.3 billion is a good start, +IlACcrGpHAc-00987-00299419-00299710 we need many more billions of dollars. +IlACcrGpHAc-00988-00299710-00299926 As we've seen from the financial crisis, +IlACcrGpHAc-00989-00299926-00300241 once you start dealing with the situation in a way that +IlACcrGpHAc-00990-00300241-00300733 gives investors confidence, once you are able to restore trust +IlACcrGpHAc-00991-00300733-00300930 and confidence, at that point, you +IlACcrGpHAc-00992-00300930-00301087 can start turning things around. +IlACcrGpHAc-00993-00301510-00301624 Thank you very much. +IlACcrGpHAc-00994-00301624-00301820 Good to be with you. +InVOizjnjG8-00000-00001003-00001613 welcome back to dare to call him friend and today a cautionary tale +InVOizjnjG8-00001-00001613-00002292 beware the graduals quite a few years ago I had to go through retesting to +InVOizjnjG8-00002-00002292-00002993 just find out how far my neurological condition had progressed and so I went +InVOizjnjG8-00003-00002993-00003654 through a six-week assessment overseen by a team of physiotherapists +InVOizjnjG8-00004-00003654-00004296 occupational therapists and speech pathologists when the tests began I was +InVOizjnjG8-00005-00004296-00004857 pretty sure of what the results were going to be but my attitude towards the +InVOizjnjG8-00006-00004857-00005535 end of these evaluations became rather flippant and nonchalant ho-hum I been +InVOizjnjG8-00007-00005535-00006014 through all this before I know myself better than anyone else knows me so what +InVOizjnjG8-00008-00006014-00006350 could they possibly tell me about myself that I don't already know +InVOizjnjG8-00009-00006350-00007164 yes I was rather smug as I said on the neurologists examining table as this was +InVOizjnjG8-00010-00007164-00007611 a teaching hospital the neurologist requested that two of his interns +InVOizjnjG8-00011-00007611-00008129 join us in the examination I cheerfully agreed and answered a few questions +InVOizjnjG8-00012-00008129-00008672 posed by his students as I removed my boots and socks in anticipation of the +InVOizjnjG8-00013-00008672-00008920 tests I knew that were about to happen +InVOizjnjG8-00014-00008920-00009456 the first test always evolved depend being pressed in random spots all the way from +InVOizjnjG8-00015-00009456-00010059 my toes up to my knees from previous experience I knew he would try to trick +InVOizjnjG8-00016-00010059-00010653 me by hovering the pen close to my skin while asking if I felt the pinprick for +InVOizjnjG8-00017-00010653-00011243 this test I only needed to give feedback do you feel this yes what about this no +InVOizjnjG8-00018-00011243-00011742 how about here no I watched as a test progressed and +InVOizjnjG8-00019-00011742-00012342 replied yes I feel that no I don't think I feel that although I could see faint +InVOizjnjG8-00020-00012342-00012756 pink marks left on my skin by the pins pricks I knew they would quickly fade +InVOizjnjG8-00021-00012756-00013297 my neurologist then asked me to close my eyes +InVOizjnjG8-00022-00013297-00013807 he repeated the test and I responded the best that I could with my eyes +InVOizjnjG8-00023-00013807-00014335 closed the test was now a lot harder it didn't help that one of his interns was +InVOizjnjG8-00024-00014335-00014818 rather talkative when the tests were not conducted I enjoyed the student's +InVOizjnjG8-00025-00014818-00015441 chitchat but his sudden interest in my family history began to annoy me but +InVOizjnjG8-00026-00015441-00015844 being the polite Canadian that I am I tried to answer his questions the best +InVOizjnjG8-00027-00015844-00016306 that I could while responding to the doctors constant murmuring do you feel +InVOizjnjG8-00028-00016306-00016900 this what about that my doctor told me I could open my eyes and when I looked +InVOizjnjG8-00029-00016900-00017479 down at my legs I was dismayed there were twice as many pink spots as before +InVOizjnjG8-00030-00017479-00017929 and yet I knew the spots from the previous tests had disappeared by the +InVOizjnjG8-00031-00017929-00018583 time the second test was conducted I had not felt an increase in the pricks if +InVOizjnjG8-00032-00018583-00019144 anything I felt less than before my doctor explained that he asked his +InVOizjnjG8-00033-00019144-00019657 intern to distract me on purpose he wanted me to make sure I was basing my +InVOizjnjG8-00034-00019657-00020245 responses solely on the physical sensation and not on the spots on my +InVOizjnjG8-00035-00020245-00020842 legs I knew that I had lacked some feeling in my feet and lower legs but I +InVOizjnjG8-00036-00020842-00021436 had not realized that my neuropathy had progressed so much my neurologist +InVOizjnjG8-00037-00021436-00022154 cautioned me that I must be diligent in checking my feet for cuts bruises and +InVOizjnjG8-00038-00022154-00022840 blisters on a daily basis well I can feel severely stubbed toe I lack enough +InVOizjnjG8-00039-00022840-00023437 feeling to be aware of small cuts that could lead to infection although my +InVOizjnjG8-00040-00023437-00024139 neuropathy is not the same as diabetic neuropathy I can still get infections +InVOizjnjG8-00041-00024139-00024820 if I'm not careful ever so gradually my nerve endings are dying they are no +InVOizjnjG8-00042-00024820-00025357 longer to alert me to the subtle and potential dangerous changes in my feet I +InVOizjnjG8-00043-00025357-00025957 have to admit I was shaken from complacency that day but I was very +InVOizjnjG8-00044-00025957-00026481 grateful for my doctors keen observation and his wife advice +InVOizjnjG8-00045-00026481-00026974 Watchman Nee wrote about a spiritual neuropathy that takes place in the lives +InVOizjnjG8-00046-00026974-00027649 of many Christians and this quote is a rather long one Satan has in fact a plan +InVOizjnjG8-00047-00027649-00028224 against the Saints of the Most High which is to wear them out what is meant +InVOizjnjG8-00048-00028224-00028914 by this phrase wear out it has in it the idea of reducing a little this minute +InVOizjnjG8-00049-00028914-00029506 then reducing a little further the next minute reduce a little today reduce a +InVOizjnjG8-00050-00029506-00030075 little tomorrow thus the wearing out is almost imperceptible however it is +InVOizjnjG8-00051-00030075-00030787 reducing the wearing down is scarcely an activity at which one is conscious yet +InVOizjnjG8-00052-00030787-00031284 the result will be that there will be nothing left he will take away your +InVOizjnjG8-00053-00031284-00031896 prayer life middle by middle and cause you to trust God less and less and +InVOizjnjG8-00054-00031896-00032233 yourself more and more a little at a time +InVOizjnjG8-00055-00032233-00032925 he will make you feel somewhat cleverer than before step by step you are misled +InVOizjnjG8-00056-00032925-00033543 to rely more on your gift and step by step your heart is enticed away from the Lord +InVOizjnjG8-00057-00033543-00033826 now were Satan to strike the children of God with great force at one time +InVOizjnjG8-00058-00033826-00034280 they would know exactly how to resist the enemy +InVOizjnjG8-00059-00034280-00034849 because they would immediately recognize his work he uses this method +InVOizjnjG8-00060-00034849-00035634 of gradualism to wear down the people of God and that's from Let Us Pray by +InVOizjnjG8-00061-00035634-00036141 Watchman Nee I used to fear the conviction of the Holy Spirit as I +InVOizjnjG8-00062-00036141-00036843 equated it with God's judgment I now understand conviction is more of a +InVOizjnjG8-00063-00036843-00037491 diagnosis than a judgment a prognosis and not a punishment the prognosis of a +InVOizjnjG8-00064-00037491-00038022 sinful heart is pretty bleak a regimented life of self-discipline +InVOizjnjG8-00065-00038022-00038553 through acts of charity Bible reading and study won't stop the relentless +InVOizjnjG8-00066-00038553-00039202 numbing of that heart the cross is the only effective cure while God's +InVOizjnjG8-00067-00039202-00039718 examination of my heart often reveals how insensitive it has become to his +InVOizjnjG8-00068-00039718-00040270 promptings he only reveals my heart condition so I can take advantage of his solution +InVOizjnjG8-00069-00040270-00041174 he doesn't just prescribe aids to help me cope with my situation he doesn't give me a spiritual cane for example +InVOizjnjG8-00070-00041174-00041761 so I can limp along through life with an insensitive spirit no he +InVOizjnjG8-00071-00041761-00042286 gives me a transformed heart replacing my deadened heart of stone with one of +InVOizjnjG8-00072-00042286-00042807 flesh one of my favorite bible verses of all time +InVOizjnjG8-00073-00042807-00043638 Ezekiel 36 verse 26 I will give you a new heart and a new spirit I will put +InVOizjnjG8-00074-00043638-00044293 within you and I will remove that heart of stone from your flesh and I will give +InVOizjnjG8-00075-00044293-00044694 you a heart of flesh perhaps today it's been a little bit of +InVOizjnjG8-00076-00044694-00045363 a wake-up call to you and you're suddenly aware about how insensitive you +InVOizjnjG8-00077-00045363-00046024 have become and how difficult it has become for you to hear the voice of the +InVOizjnjG8-00078-00046024-00046747 Lord you're not too far gone just remember to set up an appointment with +InVOizjnjG8-00079-00046747-00047536 our divine spiritual neurologist and allow him to reveal to you the condition +InVOizjnjG8-00080-00047536-00048274 of your heart and even the most far-gone heart is never beyond his redemption +InVOizjnjG8-00081-00048274-00048940 don't be afraid that God is going to say to you oh sorry you came to me a little +InVOizjnjG8-00082-00048940-00049833 bit too late because it's never too late this side of heaven +JoNb1bIoi_Q-00000-00000277-00000647 Have you ever wondered how researchers consider data as a part of their research proposal +JoNb1bIoi_Q-00001-00000647-00000860 or project design? +JoNb1bIoi_Q-00002-00000860-00001244 This video will introduce you to data and ethics, including questions for you to consider +JoNb1bIoi_Q-00003-00001244-00001587 regarding your own information and research. +JoNb1bIoi_Q-00004-00001587-00001773 What is data ethics? +JoNb1bIoi_Q-00005-00001773-00002171 In the broadest sense, data is simply a piece of information. +JoNb1bIoi_Q-00006-00002171-00002605 Data could be facts or statistics, which is often why we think about data as being numbers, +JoNb1bIoi_Q-00007-00002605-00002928 but data can be in a variety of forms. +JoNb1bIoi_Q-00008-00002928-00003490 For example, data could even be an image or a physical sample (like a cell sample). +JoNb1bIoi_Q-00009-00003508-00003928 Any time we start talking or even thinking about data, we should also think about data ethics. +JoNb1bIoi_Q-00010-00003968-00004452 According to the National Center for Biotechnology Information, data ethics can be defined as, +JoNb1bIoi_Q-00011-00004453-00004969 “a new branch of ethics that studies and evaluates moral problems related to data, +JoNb1bIoi_Q-00012-00004969-00005425 algorithms, and corresponding practices in order to formulate and support morally good +JoNb1bIoi_Q-00013-00005425-00005552 solutions." +JoNb1bIoi_Q-00014-00005552-00006106 Additionally, data ethics considers the how and in what way is sensitive data shared, +JoNb1bIoi_Q-00015-00006106-00006418 maintained, analyzed, and appropriated. +JoNb1bIoi_Q-00016-00006431-00006964 Sensitive data is personally identifiable information, such as human samples, survey +JoNb1bIoi_Q-00017-00006964-00007315 results, even your DNA. +JoNb1bIoi_Q-00018-00007315-00007522 Why do we need to consider ethics in data? +JoNb1bIoi_Q-00019-00007522-00008043 We need to consider ethics in data because data is created every day, and this data is +JoNb1bIoi_Q-00020-00008043-00008402 becoming increasingly more and more detailed. +JoNb1bIoi_Q-00021-00008402-00008695 How we interact with this data is extremely important. +JoNb1bIoi_Q-00022-00008695-00009072 We also need to be mindful about where all of this data is coming from. +JoNb1bIoi_Q-00023-00009072-00009320 Let’s look at Google as an example. +JoNb1bIoi_Q-00024-00009320-00009899 Every time you watch a YouTube video, go to Google maps, put something in your calendar, +JoNb1bIoi_Q-00025-00009899-00010502 search something on a Google search engine, or send an email -- Google is collecting data. +JoNb1bIoi_Q-00026-00010502-00010968 To give you an idea of just how much data Google collects, they collect over 20 million +JoNb1bIoi_Q-00027-00010968-00011609 web pages per day, over 3 million daily search queries, and according to CNN, Google can track +JoNb1bIoi_Q-00028-00011609-00012015 your searches on your individual devices for up to 6 months even if you’re not logged +JoNb1bIoi_Q-00029-00012015-00012243 in to your account. +JoNb1bIoi_Q-00030-00012243-00012506 This example is just one of many to consider. +JoNb1bIoi_Q-00031-00012506-00012940 Any time we think about data collection and data ethics, we should ask ourselves: How +JoNb1bIoi_Q-00032-00012940-00013144 is this data being used? +JoNb1bIoi_Q-00033-00013144-00013332 How is this data being shared? +JoNb1bIoi_Q-00034-00013350-00013922 And what are the repercussions of this data collection, short term and long term? +JoNb1bIoi_Q-00035-00013922-00014382 What are some situations where you should consider data ethics? +JoNb1bIoi_Q-00036-00014382-00014725 Any time you’re about to start collecting data or giving your data, you should consider +JoNb1bIoi_Q-00037-00014725-00014986 the ethical practices behind it. +JoNb1bIoi_Q-00038-00014986-00015355 As a student, an easy example for when you should consider data ethics could be when +JoNb1bIoi_Q-00039-00015355-00015626 you fill out surveys. +JoNb1bIoi_Q-00040-00015626-00015936 Did you provide any identifiable information in that survey? +JoNb1bIoi_Q-00041-00015936-00016425 If so, were you asked about consent before you completed the survey? +JoNb1bIoi_Q-00042-00016425-00016571 Moving forward, +JoNb1bIoi_Q-00043-00016571-00016810 how might you change what surveys you complete? +JoNb1bIoi_Q-00044-00016810-00017260 Or, as a researcher how could you design a survey to address concerns that you yourself +JoNb1bIoi_Q-00045-00017260-00017547 may have when collecting data? +JoNb1bIoi_Q-00046-00017547-00018056 Additionally, how do you know you’re complying with institutional requirements (and don’t +JoNb1bIoi_Q-00047-00018056-00018398 worry, you’ll learn about these if you don’t know now!). +JoNb1bIoi_Q-00048-00018398-00018663 When should ethics be considered? +JoNb1bIoi_Q-00049-00018663-00018879 At the start of every research project! +JoNb1bIoi_Q-00050-00018879-00019316 To ensure you have the proper training, ask your professor, research mentor, or a librarian +JoNb1bIoi_Q-00051-00019316-00019396 for help. +JoXQ1b4YyvQ-00000-00000079-00000435 - Now let's look at the concept of independent assortment. +JoXQ1b4YyvQ-00001-00000437-00001031 Independent assortment essentially is something +JoXQ1b4YyvQ-00002-00001033-00001272 that happens during metaphase I +JoXQ1b4YyvQ-00003-00001275-00001905 because homologous chromosomes line up +JoXQ1b4YyvQ-00004-00001908-00002197 on the metaphase plate randomly. +JoXQ1b4YyvQ-00005-00002199-00002435 Now take a look. +JoXQ1b4YyvQ-00006-00002437-00002897 All I've done is shown you two different pairs of chromosomes. +JoXQ1b4YyvQ-00007-00002899-00003297 So I've got one homologous pair at the top, +JoXQ1b4YyvQ-00008-00003300-00003539 and one homologous pair at the bottom. +JoXQ1b4YyvQ-00009-00003541-00003668 I've shown you that these +JoXQ1b4YyvQ-00010-00003670-00004060 homologs contain different genes, +JoXQ1b4YyvQ-00011-00004062-00004622 so these are literally different chromosomes but we've got, +JoXQ1b4YyvQ-00012-00004625-00004943 we've got one from mom, and one from dad. +JoXQ1b4YyvQ-00013-00004945-00005247 Each pair has one chromosome from mom and one chromosome +JoXQ1b4YyvQ-00014-00005250-00005535 from dad and we've got some genetic diversity with the +JoXQ1b4YyvQ-00015-00005537-00005847 alleles that came from mom and the alleles that came from dad. +JoXQ1b4YyvQ-00016-00005850-00006097 You can also see that I've, you know, +JoXQ1b4YyvQ-00017-00006099-00006293 we're going to go through metaphase I +JoXQ1b4YyvQ-00018-00006295-00006597 and so I've actually, +JoXQ1b4YyvQ-00019-00006599-00006718 crossing over has already happened, +JoXQ1b4YyvQ-00020-00006720-00006964 'cause that happens in prophase I. +JoXQ1b4YyvQ-00021-00006966-00007551 So now look at how I lined up my homologs, +JoXQ1b4YyvQ-00022-00007554-00007726 and this is random. +JoXQ1b4YyvQ-00023-00007729-00008051 So it's a flip of a coin how they're going to line up. +JoXQ1b4YyvQ-00024-00008054-00008331 It just so happens that I lined them up +JoXQ1b4YyvQ-00025-00008333-00008589 so that there was a big green on one side, +JoXQ1b4YyvQ-00026-00008591-00008822 but the little green is on the other side. +JoXQ1b4YyvQ-00027-00008825-00009339 Now visualize, after metaphase I, what happens? +JoXQ1b4YyvQ-00028-00009341-00009797 Homologs split so look at what happens +JoXQ1b4YyvQ-00029-00009800-00010151 when my homologs split in anaphase I. +JoXQ1b4YyvQ-00030-00010154-00010439 I'm going to end up with two cells, +JoXQ1b4YyvQ-00031-00010441-00010797 these are my two cells, +JoXQ1b4YyvQ-00032-00010799-00010931 and they're different, +JoXQ1b4YyvQ-00033-00010933-00011322 we've got one red and one green in each cell. +JoXQ1b4YyvQ-00034-00011325-00011497 And it is different, +JoXQ1b4YyvQ-00035-00011499-00011797 like think about the big green one, +JoXQ1b4YyvQ-00036-00011799-00012031 we've got different possible +JoXQ1b4YyvQ-00037-00012033-00012443 alleles in that-- set up in that cell, +JoXQ1b4YyvQ-00038-00012445-00012756 as opposed to the big red one. +JoXQ1b4YyvQ-00039-00012758-00013168 So what's going to happen in, if this were, let's say, +JoXQ1b4YyvQ-00040-00013170-00013439 metaphase II and we're going to split our sisters, +JoXQ1b4YyvQ-00041-00013441-00013672 let's go ahead and go through anaphase II +JoXQ1b4YyvQ-00042-00013675-00014060 where we split our sisters. +JoXQ1b4YyvQ-00043-00014062-00014368 And now you have four possible gametes. +JoXQ1b4YyvQ-00044-00014370-00014751 Here's one gamete, here's another gamete, +JoXQ1b4YyvQ-00045-00014754-00015135 and here's another gamete and I think I'm going to +JoXQ1b4YyvQ-00046-00015137-00015485 make it so that you can see that those gametes. +JoXQ1b4YyvQ-00047-00015487-00015618 Now I'm just making them small, +JoXQ1b4YyvQ-00048-00015620-00015839 so that we can keep track of them and put them somewhere. +JoXQ1b4YyvQ-00049-00015841-00016197 But you can see that this, these are the arrangements, +JoXQ1b4YyvQ-00050-00016199-00016351 these are the resulting gametes +JoXQ1b4YyvQ-00051-00016354-00016743 from the original set up with all, +JoXQ1b4YyvQ-00052-00016745-00017243 with a green and a red lined up on each side. +JoXQ1b4YyvQ-00053-00017245-00017526 All right, watch and be amazed. +JoXQ1b4YyvQ-00054-00017529-00017897 There are some little sperms with sperm tails. +JoXQ1b4YyvQ-00055-00017899-00018131 This was my line up. +JoXQ1b4YyvQ-00056-00018133-00018318 This is how they lined up on the metaphase plate. +JoXQ1b4YyvQ-00057-00018320-00018585 These were the gametes that resulted. +JoXQ1b4YyvQ-00058-00018587-00018831 We could line them up differently. +JoXQ1b4YyvQ-00059-00018833-00019181 If we are dealing with just two chromosomes, +JoXQ1b4YyvQ-00060-00019183-00019356 two different chromosomes, +JoXQ1b4YyvQ-00061-00019358-00019497 two homologous pairs, +JoXQ1b4YyvQ-00062-00019499-00019797 there's two ways we can line up on the metaphase plate. +JoXQ1b4YyvQ-00063-00019800-00019922 We could line up with all green +JoXQ1b4YyvQ-00064-00019925-00020168 on one side and all red on the other. +JoXQ1b4YyvQ-00065-00020170-00020497 And then go through anaphase, split our homologs. +JoXQ1b4YyvQ-00066-00020499-00020697 Now go through anaphase II, +JoXQ1b4YyvQ-00067-00020699-00021151 split our sisters and now look at my gametes. +JoXQ1b4YyvQ-00068-00021154-00021397 Look at how now my gametes +JoXQ1b4YyvQ-00069-00021399-00021643 either have all green or all red. +JoXQ1b4YyvQ-00070-00021645-00022085 And this is just dealing with two possible gametes. +JoXQ1b4YyvQ-00071-00022087-00022197 So look at this, +JoXQ1b4YyvQ-00072-00022199-00022551 there are my cells, here was my line up. +JoXQ1b4YyvQ-00073-00022554-00022681 This is how they lined up. +JoXQ1b4YyvQ-00074-00022683-00022905 Do you remember how the first ones lined up? +JoXQ1b4YyvQ-00075-00022908-00023118 They lined up differently. +JoXQ1b4YyvQ-00076-00023120-00023697 Independent assortment means that my homologous pairs line up +JoXQ1b4YyvQ-00077-00023699-00024347 on the metaphase plate in a random order. +JoXQ1b4YyvQ-00078-00024350-00024685 You want to know something crazy? +JoXQ1b4YyvQ-00079-00024687-00025331 I'll tell you, we have what 23 pairs of homologs? +JoXQ1b4YyvQ-00080-00025333-00025664 Twenty three pairs of homologs +JoXQ1b4YyvQ-00081-00025666-00026172 can line up eight million different ways. +JoXQ1b4YyvQ-00082-00026175-00026385 You can do like the crazy statistics, +JoXQ1b4YyvQ-00083-00026387-00026689 math probability madness that my brain +JoXQ1b4YyvQ-00084-00026691-00026997 can't even begin to comprehend. +JoXQ1b4YyvQ-00085-00026999-00027205 But if I do that math madness it's like two +JoXQ1b4YyvQ-00086-00027208-00027381 to the twenty third power. +JoXQ1b4YyvQ-00087-00027383-00027793 It's eight million different ways we could line up. +JoXQ1b4YyvQ-00088-00027795-00028076 So you could have chromosome one from mom on this side +JoXQ1b4YyvQ-00089-00028079-00028310 and everything else from dad on the other. +JoXQ1b4YyvQ-00090-00028312-00028597 And then you could chromosome two on this side +JoXQ1b4YyvQ-00091-00028599-00029039 for mom and everything else from dad in the other. What? +JoXQ1b4YyvQ-00092-00029041-00029576 There is eight million different ways you could line them up. +JoXQ1b4YyvQ-00093-00029579-00029989 That blows my mind and each one of those different ways, +JoXQ1b4YyvQ-00094-00029991-00030118 just from independent assortment, +JoXQ1b4YyvQ-00095-00030120-00030405 will result in a different kid. +JoXQ1b4YyvQ-00096-00030408-00030697 Think about your siblings. +JoXQ1b4YyvQ-00097-00030700-00030831 I think about my kids, +JoXQ1b4YyvQ-00098-00030833-00031135 like dude you can't get much more different +JoXQ1b4YyvQ-00099-00031137-00031335 than those two boys are, +JoXQ1b4YyvQ-00100-00031337-00031597 and they came from the same genetics, +JoXQ1b4YyvQ-00101-00031599-00031905 like they have all the same, +JoXQ1b4YyvQ-00102-00031908-00032193 same opportunities, same mom, same dad, +JoXQ1b4YyvQ-00103-00032195-00032314 and they're like whoa, +JoXQ1b4YyvQ-00104-00032316-00032597 you can have fraternal twins +JoXQ1b4YyvQ-00105-00032599-00032897 that have such different genetics +JoXQ1b4YyvQ-00106-00032899-00033014 they can be different colors, +JoXQ1b4YyvQ-00107-00033016-00033464 they can have different-- I mean it's like wow, +JoXQ1b4YyvQ-00108-00033466-00033697 unbelievable diversity. +JoXQ1b4YyvQ-00109-00033699-00033997 Okay. I'm going to show you a picture of the other way +JoXQ1b4YyvQ-00110-00033999-00034410 we can get diversity of critters from this whole thing, +JoXQ1b4YyvQ-00111-00034412-00034531 and we'll blow our mind even +JoXQ1b4YyvQ-00112-00034533-00034699 more and then we'll do a summary. +J5I5EFLiR3g-00000-00001197-00001589 threw a coin in my pocket +J5I5EFLiR3g-00001-00001589-00001989 into the fountain. +J5I5EFLiR3g-00002-00001989-00002419 And the goddess +J5I5EFLiR3g-00003-00002419-00002840 gently asked me. +J5I5EFLiR3g-00004-00002840-00003570 "What’s the color of the coin you dropped?" +J5I5EFLiR3g-00005-00003570-00003799 If I could go back in time to that day. +J5I5EFLiR3g-00006-00003799-00004016 What in the world would I tell you? +J5I5EFLiR3g-00007-00004016-00004220 If we live two separate futures +J5I5EFLiR3g-00008-00004220-00004425 What will the dream buds bloom? +J5I5EFLiR3g-00009-00004425-00004654 Since that day, we've been apart +J5I5EFLiR3g-00010-00004654-00004863 Only a little time has passed +J5I5EFLiR3g-00011-00004863-00005050 I walk alone in a haze of memories +J5I5EFLiR3g-00012-00005050-00005259 fading away each passing day. +J5I5EFLiR3g-00013-00005259-00005463 haven't forgotten you +J5I5EFLiR3g-00014-00005463-00006089 but I can't remember you +J5I5EFLiR3g-00015-00006089-00006923 In the picture, The two smiling faces have faded away +J5I5EFLiR3g-00016-00006923-00007711 涙なんて　一度も流してないのに +J5I5EFLiR3g-00017-00007711-00008262 but why is the water mirror so blurry? +J5I5EFLiR3g-00018-00008983-00009188 If I could forget you now +J5I5EFLiR3g-00019-00009188-00009401 If I could meet someone else tomorrow +J5I5EFLiR3g-00020-00009401-00009601 Maybe this wound will heal a little +J5I5EFLiR3g-00021-00009601-00009813 Maybe I could say “Thank you" with a smile +J5I5EFLiR3g-00022-00009813-00010014 When the time comes, I’d be more honest +J5I5EFLiR3g-00023-00010014-00010235 Maybe I could ask you what made you cry +J5I5EFLiR3g-00024-00010235-00010431 But why am I still comparing +J5I5EFLiR3g-00025-00010431-00010631 someone else to you today? +J5I5EFLiR3g-00026-00010631-00010831 I want to forget about it, +J5I5EFLiR3g-00027-00010831-00011457 but I can't. Because I feel too sad inside. +J5I5EFLiR3g-00028-00011457-00012299 I turn the pages of my memories and you're everywhere +J5I5EFLiR3g-00029-00012299-00013079 When I came to realize that I’m faking a smile every day +J5I5EFLiR3g-00030-00013079-00013617 The water mirror was blotched with rain +J5I5EFLiR3g-00031-00013617-00014439 I pretend that I’ve forgotten how lonely I have been +J5I5EFLiR3g-00032-00014439-00015815 but the other me reflected in the water is crying +J5I5EFLiR3g-00033-00015815-00016007 If I could +J5I5EFLiR3g-00034-00016007-00016633 only be a little stronger +J5I5EFLiR3g-00035-00016633-00017684 Will the two of us be able to stay and laugh together again? +J5I5EFLiR3g-00036-00017684-00018443 Someday I'll come for you, I believe. +J5I5EFLiR3g-00037-00018443-00019306 Let's make our dream buds bloom once more +J5I5EFLiR3g-00038-00019306-00019786 The line of tears left in the water mirror +J9E2zUu_i98-00000-00000000-00000200 Cute cat playing with baby bird +J9W_qXRXuLc-00000-00000081-00000447 Mrs. Stevens here. I'm talking about aggregate demand +J9W_qXRXuLc-00001-00000447-00000802 and following the learning objectives that I wrote for this chapter. +J9W_qXRXuLc-00002-00000802-00001155 I'm going to be covering the first four bullet points on the learning +J9W_qXRXuLc-00003-00001155-00001245 objectives. +J9W_qXRXuLc-00004-00001245-00001575 the first bullet points is to know three important +J9W_qXRXuLc-00005-00001575-00001950 macroeconomic indicators that fluctuate together. +J9W_qXRXuLc-00006-00001950-00002331 and so when we're looking at the economy +J9W_qXRXuLc-00007-00002331-00002764 i the real gross domestic product measures the size the economy and also +J9W_qXRXuLc-00008-00002764-00002839 tells us +J9W_qXRXuLc-00009-00002839-00003376 whether we're in a recession or not if we're in a recession +J9W_qXRXuLc-00010-00003376-00003739 then as you know whenever +J9W_qXRXuLc-00011-00003739-00004109 real gross domestic product decreases we're in a recession. +J9W_qXRXuLc-00012-00004109-00004451 unemployment increases in those things +J9W_qXRXuLc-00013-00004451-00004771 always work together so the first two things that +J9W_qXRXuLc-00014-00004771-00005157 fluctuate again and then the third thing that fluctuates +J9W_qXRXuLc-00015-00005157-00005493 is a might be a little bit surprising +J9W_qXRXuLc-00016-00005493-00005821 investment spending this is one component love them +J9W_qXRXuLc-00017-00005821-00006193 real gross domestic product and whenever we have a recession +J9W_qXRXuLc-00018-00006193-00006518 the component that decreases the most +J9W_qXRXuLc-00019-00006518-00006848 is investment spending where business spending +J9W_qXRXuLc-00020-00006848-00007311 so these are the the three components that always fluctuate together +J9W_qXRXuLc-00021-00007311-00007645 when the economy is growing or shrinking +J9W_qXRXuLc-00022-00007645-00008036 right now our next well a point there +J9W_qXRXuLc-00023-00008036-00008439 is to explain the importance have classical macroeconomics +J9W_qXRXuLc-00024-00008439-00008870 theory in this chapter so here we are +J9W_qXRXuLc-00025-00008870-00009256 changes in the money supply affect the economy +J9W_qXRXuLc-00026-00009256-00009604 in the short run but not in the long run +J9W_qXRXuLc-00027-00009604-00009968 so in the long run we're looking at +J9W_qXRXuLc-00028-00009968-00010329 mostly things like growth in resources +J9W_qXRXuLc-00029-00010329-00010839 and are factors that affect aggregate demand for goods and services +J9W_qXRXuLc-00030-00010839-00011236 consumers businesses government in not +J9W_qXRXuLc-00031-00011236-00011581 the money supply the money supply is just something that +J9W_qXRXuLc-00032-00011581-00012070 will boost things one way or another in the short run it's just a +J9W_qXRXuLc-00033-00012070-00012503 we learned about the money supply in the last chapter +J9W_qXRXuLc-00034-00012503-00012869 and I and how the Federal Reserve Bank +J9W_qXRXuLc-00035-00012869-00013331 uses the money supply in order to I'll help the economy +J9W_qXRXuLc-00036-00013331-00013762 either during inflationary session but in the long run +J9W_qXRXuLc-00037-00013762-00014237 the money supply is not going to impact the long-term growth +J9W_qXRXuLc-00038-00014237-00014653 the economy and then +J9W_qXRXuLc-00039-00014653-00015226 the fourth bullet point I'm shots are in third bullet point is to describe the +J9W_qXRXuLc-00040-00015226-00015344 short-run model +J9W_qXRXuLc-00041-00015344-00015754 ATA yes permanent dry ourselves a graph here +J9W_qXRXuLc-00042-00015754-00016091 on me X access we have +J9W_qXRXuLc-00043-00016091-00016436 real roast domestic product +J9W_qXRXuLc-00044-00016436-00016739 that's what we're measuring I'm +J9W_qXRXuLc-00045-00016739-00017051 more or less gross domestic product +J9W_qXRXuLc-00046-00017051-00017370 Anne y-axis we have the price +J9W_qXRXuLc-00047-00017370-00017798 level and this could be the +J9W_qXRXuLc-00048-00017798-00018498 GDP to put deflator and most commonly used +J9W_qXRXuLc-00049-00018587-00018942 measure to measure the price level +J9W_qXRXuLc-00050-00018942-00019268 aggregate demand here +J9W_qXRXuLc-00051-00019268-00019662 is the relationship between real gross domestic product and +J9W_qXRXuLc-00052-00019662-00020015 price level aggregate demand is downward sloping +J9W_qXRXuLc-00053-00020015-00020423 and it represents all the goods and services that are +J9W_qXRXuLc-00054-00020423-00020881 demanded in the economy so this is everything this is not just one thing +J9W_qXRXuLc-00055-00020881-00021001 like corn +J9W_qXRXuLc-00056-00021001-00021331 or cell phones this is the demand for +J9W_qXRXuLc-00057-00021331-00021740 all goods and services so we're looking at factors +J9W_qXRXuLc-00058-00021740-00022115 that can influence the demand as a whole +J9W_qXRXuLc-00059-00022115-00022437 so has the whole economy change its mind +J9W_qXRXuLc-00060-00022437-00022756 as to whether to buy more goods and services +J9W_qXRXuLc-00061-00022756-00023072 and that's what we're gonna be looking at in this chapter here +J9W_qXRXuLc-00062-00023072-00023387 so the downward sloping eighty her +J9W_qXRXuLc-00063-00023387-00023790 represents that wanna be looking at how it ships +J9W_qXRXuLc-00064-00023790-00024093 out for help ships in and then +J9W_qXRXuLc-00065-00024093-00024395 we also have a sure run +J9W_qXRXuLc-00066-00024395-00024698 supply curve aggregate supply with +J9W_qXRXuLc-00067-00024698-00025123 upward sloping but more importantly even +J9W_qXRXuLc-00068-00025123-00025483 is we have a vertical long run +J9W_qXRXuLc-00069-00025483-00025860 aggregate supply her siskel +J9W_qXRXuLc-00070-00025860-00026324 her degree here but long-run aggregate supplies vertical we will talk about +J9W_qXRXuLc-00071-00026324-00026613 long-run and short-run aggregate supply +J9W_qXRXuLc-00072-00026613-00027150 a little bit me here now let's take a look at the last bullet point +J9W_qXRXuLc-00073-00027150-00027529 will last for the four that were covering this tutorial +J9W_qXRXuLc-00074-00027529-00028144 list the four components that contribute to the aggregate demand +J9W_qXRXuLc-00075-00028144-00028458 every demand for goods and services +J9W_qXRXuLc-00076-00028458-00028927 and so you know this for me this is the formula for gross domestic product +J9W_qXRXuLc-00077-00028927-00029383 something to fill in the blanks here the first one is consumption +J9W_qXRXuLc-00078-00029383-00029864 the second one is investment for business spending +J9W_qXRXuLc-00079-00029864-00030195 and we have government expenditures +J9W_qXRXuLc-00080-00030195-00030702 and net exports +J9W_qXRXuLc-00081-00030702-00031127 for the four components that contribute to the aggregate demand for goods and +J9W_qXRXuLc-00082-00031127-00031152 services +JsR7niJau6u-00000-00000051-00000618 The PubMed Database brought to you by California State University San Bernardino's John M. +JsR7niJau6u-00001-00000618-00000860 Pfau Library. +JsR7niJau6u-00002-00000860-00001511 To find the PubMed database, start on the library's website. +JsR7niJau6u-00003-00001511-00002066 Scroll down, and click the Choose a Database button. +JsR7niJau6u-00004-00002066-00002556 This puts you into the list of our more than 150 databases that we've divided up by the +JsR7niJau6u-00005-00002556-00002823 broad subject categories. +JsR7niJau6u-00006-00002823-00003080 PubMed will appear under several of these categories. +JsR7niJau6u-00007-00003080-00004039 In this demonstration, I'm going to click on the one for kinesiology. +JsR7niJau6u-00008-00004039-00004719 PubMed is the first database up on the list and to get into it click the title and use +JsR7niJau6u-00009-00004719-00005283 your MyCoyote login. +JsR7niJau6u-00010-00005283-00005872 PubMed is done by the National Library of Medicine which is a government entity. +JsR7niJau6u-00011-00005872-00006548 PubMed is the world's largest index of scholarly medical and health sciences literature; it +JsR7niJau6u-00012-00006548-00006738 is a huge database. +JsR7niJau6u-00013-00006738-00008311 i'm going to enter my keyword search [common soccer injuries], +JsR7niJau6u-00014-00008311-00008697 and my keyword searches brought back 869 results. +JsR7niJau6u-00015-00008697-00008958 I'm going to need to refine this. +JsR7niJau6u-00016-00008958-00009581 We've got many, many controls here that we can use to do that and one of the first ones +JsR7niJau6u-00017-00009581-00010008 here on the left is a sliding range of dates. +JsR7niJau6u-00018-00010008-00010681 We do want the last five years, but I've discovered that in this database if you run more than +JsR7niJau6u-00019-00010681-00011121 one search, one after another, this will change. +JsR7niJau6u-00020-00011121-00011739 To keep the last five years constant, come down and click this button [5 years] right +JsR7niJau6u-00021-00011739-00011839 here. +JsR7niJau6u-00022-00011839-00012422 I want to make some other selections. +JsR7niJau6u-00023-00012422-00013259 Under Article Type I'm going to click Journal Article and my list updates and you can see +JsR7niJau6u-00024-00013259-00013609 I have fewer things there. +JsR7niJau6u-00025-00013609-00014551 And you have a choice of these other selections for article type, but we're not seeing all +JsR7niJau6u-00026-00014551-00014868 the possibilities here because there's not enough room for them all. +JsR7niJau6u-00027-00014868-00015751 If we go down to the Additional Filters button, we can customize the display. +JsR7niJau6u-00028-00015751-00015977 We come up on Article Type. +JsR7niJau6u-00029-00015977-00016407 Since we already clicked Journal Article, and that was visible in the search screen, +JsR7niJau6u-00030-00016407-00016787 that one is already has a check mark in the box. +JsR7niJau6u-00031-00016787-00017223 You have all of these other things that you can choose from. +JsR7niJau6u-00032-00017223-00018012 For this demonstration iIm going to select Practice Guideline. +JsR7niJau6u-00033-00018012-00018387 And I'm not done yet--I can choose from these filter categories. +JsR7niJau6u-00034-00018387-00019348 I'm going to come over to Sex and choose Female, and then Show. +JsR7niJau6u-00035-00019348-00019973 Now what I've done is I've made my new selections show up in the list. +JsR7niJau6u-00036-00019973-00020643 I still have to click in them. +JsR7niJau6u-00037-00020643-00021773 So now under Article Type I have Journal Article and Practice Guideline, and further on down +JsR7niJau6u-00038-00021773-00022531 here's my box to click for Female. +JsR7niJau6u-00039-00022531-00023098 And now i have 90 results instead of 800 something. +JsR7niJau6u-00040-00023098-00023612 It's still kind of a big list, so now what I'm going to do is come up to the to the search +JsR7niJau6u-00041-00023612-00024451 box, leave a space, and put in one more keyword focusing on just one particular area of the +JsR7niJau6u-00042-00024451-00025326 body that sustains injuries during soccer [head] and search. +JsR7niJau6u-00043-00025326-00026513 And now I have a very manageable list of 25 results that are very specific to a topic. +JsR7niJau6u-00044-00026513-00026700 So what are we seeing here in the list view? +JsR7niJau6u-00045-00026700-00027493 Well, just like our other databases, we're seeing the title of the article, the author, +JsR7niJau6u-00046-00027493-00028126 the title of the journal, some details here, the volume, the issue, the page,s the digital +JsR7niJau6u-00047-00028126-00028895 object identifier, and we're getting a little snippet of the abstract or summary here. +JsR7niJau6u-00048-00028895-00029060 Let's take a closer look. +JsR7niJau6u-00049-00029060-00030017 Click on that article title to go to the more detailed screen and now we're seeing some +JsR7niJau6u-00050-00030017-00030592 of that same information being repeated, the title, the journal, the particulars on the +JsR7niJau6u-00051-00030592-00031461 volume, the date, the issue, the pages, and so forth, the title of the article, the author, +JsR7niJau6u-00052-00031461-00032133 and now we're looking at the abstract coming up here. +JsR7niJau6u-00053-00032133-00032887 And if we scroll down, we see more information about this article. +JsR7niJau6u-00054-00032887-00033498 And they're offering us similar articles should we spot something useful there. +JsR7niJau6u-00055-00033498-00034302 Continuing on down the screen, it gives us some more information, some of which you don't +JsR7niJau6u-00056-00034302-00035025 particularly need to pay attention, to but the MeSH terms are very important. +JsR7niJau6u-00057-00035025-00035536 MeSH is the abbreviation for Medical Subject Headings. +JsR7niJau6u-00058-00035536-00035722 What are these? +JsR7niJau6u-00059-00035722-00036566 When the National Library of Medicine puts an article into their database, they index +JsR7niJau6u-00060-00036566-00036666 it. +JsR7niJau6u-00061-00036666-00037399 They assign specific subject terms that they've agreed on, that they never vary from, in order +JsR7niJau6u-00062-00037399-00038314 to describe the topics that are included in that article and I will conclude this demonstration +JsR7niJau6u-00063-00038314-00039124 by showing you how to search the MeSH terms directly and why you would want to do that +JsR7niJau6u-00064-00039124-00039817 is when you choose one of the MeSH terms and you get results, you know for sure that those +JsR7niJau6u-00065-00039817-00040220 results have substantial information on that topic. +JsR7niJau6u-00066-00040220-00040504 But we'll save that for the conclusion. +JsR7niJau6u-00067-00040504-00041136 All right, I'm going to go up. +JsR7niJau6u-00068-00041136-00041608 Now of course we want to find the full text of this article and there's our Search for +JsR7niJau6u-00069-00041608-00042139 Full Text button and this is the system that we paid extra for at the library here that +JsR7niJau6u-00070-00042139-00042767 overlays all of our 150 databases, everything we subscribe to, so and when you click on +JsR7niJau6u-00071-00042767-00043467 that button it will check automatically to see if that full text is available in anything +JsR7niJau6u-00072-00043467-00043981 that we have and let's see what happens. +JsR7niJau6u-00073-00043981-00044358 Search for Full Text will be absolutely honest with you. +JsR7niJau6u-00074-00044358-00044978 After it checks everything that we subscribe to, if it does not find that full text, it +JsR7niJau6u-00075-00044978-00045555 will come up with this message and remind you that sometimes you get lucky if you check +JsR7niJau6u-00076-00045555-00045842 in Google Scholar and it gives you a link to do that. +JsR7niJau6u-00077-00045842-00046098 Let's see what happens. +JsR7niJau6u-00078-00046098-00046637 And we're not even seeing the same title or author here, so nope, we didn't get lucky. +JsR7niJau6u-00079-00046637-00047102 So if we go back, +JsR7niJau6u-00080-00047102-00047544 we can order this article through our interlibrary loan service. +JsR7niJau6u-00081-00047544-00047983 You can click through here to place that order. +JsR7niJau6u-00082-00047983-00048473 These articles are delivered electronically through your email and usually in about three +JsR7niJau6u-00083-00048473-00049105 working days so we do give you access to pretty much the whole world of information because +JsR7niJau6u-00084-00049105-00049399 we get it from other libraries if we don't have it. +JsR7niJau6u-00085-00049399-00049622 So do keep that in mind. +JsR7niJau6u-00086-00049622-00050095 And i'm going to back up. +JsR7niJau6u-00087-00050095-00050613 Now if you want to automatically cite the article that you've chosen, you can use this +JsR7niJau6u-00088-00050613-00051105 command here, or this button +JsR7niJau6u-00089-00051105-00051580 and if it's not in the format that you need--and it won't be because it comes up on the National +JsR7niJau6u-00090-00051580-00052320 Library of Medicine's format--you can open it up and change it to APA and then you can +JsR7niJau6u-00091-00052320-00052604 copy it or download that now. +JsR7niJau6u-00092-00052604-00053169 When you're using these automatically generated citations, do give them a good look before +JsR7niJau6u-00093-00053169-00053330 you turn in your paper. +JsR7niJau6u-00094-00053330-00054266 There may be errors because they're automatically generated and not by people. +JsR7niJau6u-00095-00054266-00054707 And let's go back to our search results +JsR7niJau6u-00096-00054707-00055326 and take another look at another article, so number two, let's take a closer look at +JsR7niJau6u-00097-00055326-00055426 that. +JsR7niJau6u-00098-00055426-00056078 I'm clicking on the title and in this article we're seeing multiple buttons come up offering +JsR7niJau6u-00099-00056078-00056178 us full text. +JsR7niJau6u-00100-00056178-00056855 When you have the multiple button situation in PubMed-- and I think this is one of our +JsR7niJau6u-00101-00056855-00057425 only databases that does this--go for the Search for Full Text first to see what that +JsR7niJau6u-00102-00057425-00058050 does +JsR7niJau6u-00103-00058050-00058620 and bingo! we did find full text in another database and this is the link that you would +JsR7niJau6u-00104-00058620-00059217 click to go through to that database where that full text lives and then print save or +JsR7niJau6u-00105-00059217-00059317 email it. +JsR7niJau6u-00106-00059317-00059419 Very good. +JsR7niJau6u-00107-00059419-00060716 And I'm going to go back, and I want to show you one other item from our list. +JsR7niJau6u-00108-00060716-00061537 I'm going to go to number six here and click on the title. +JsR7niJau6u-00109-00061537-00061924 And notice that we have two buttons here for the full text. +JsR7niJau6u-00110-00061924-00062821 Go for Search for Full Text +JsR7niJau6u-00111-00062821-00063702 and again it did not find it in anything that we subscribe to, but we have that other button. +JsR7niJau6u-00112-00063702-00064352 So before we check Google Scholar, we could go back +JsR7niJau6u-00113-00064352-00065183 and try the other button, +JsR7niJau6u-00114-00065183-00065355 and there's our full text coming up. +JsR7niJau6u-00115-00065355-00065800 There's the link to the PDF right there. +JsR7niJau6u-00116-00065800-00066384 Now the catch with the multiple buttons for finding the full text is sometimes the other +JsR7niJau6u-00117-00066384-00066900 buttons--and by other I mean the ones that are not the library Search for Full Text button--sometimes +JsR7niJau6u-00118-00066900-00067511 the other buttons will give you free full text and sometimes you will land on sites +JsR7niJau6u-00119-00067511-00067727 that want to charge you for things. +JsR7niJau6u-00120-00067727-00068336 If you if you land on one of those, go back to Search for Full Text and place an order +JsR7niJau6u-00121-00068336-00068791 for an interlibrary loan and you will get that article. +JsR7niJau6u-00122-00068791-00069477 All right, I'm going to show you now how to search the MeSH subject headings. +JsR7niJau6u-00123-00069477-00069689 For that we go back to the very beginning. +JsR7niJau6u-00124-00069689-00070116 I'm going to click on the PubMed logo. +JsR7niJau6u-00125-00070116-00070552 I'm going to ignore that top search box because that searches the PubMed database not the +JsR7niJau6u-00126-00070552-00070664 MeSH database. +JsR7niJau6u-00127-00070664-00071547 I'm going to scroll down and click on MeSH Database. +JsR7niJau6u-00128-00071547-00072007 Now what we're searching here is not articles. +JsR7niJau6u-00129-00072007-00072752 We are searching the subjects and what what we can do when we search this list of subjects +JsR7niJau6u-00130-00072752-00073483 is build our own searches that we can then run in PubMed and let me show you how that's +JsR7niJau6u-00131-00073483-00073583 done. +JsR7niJau6u-00132-00073583-00073954 So in the search box up here I'm going to put in the word +JsR7niJau6u-00133-00073954-00075355 "exercise," click Search, and notice that we have a lot of options here--plain old exercise +JsR7niJau6u-00134-00075355-00075638 and a bunch of other things. +JsR7niJau6u-00135-00075638-00076427 So if one of these is more specific to your topic, choose one of those. +JsR7niJau6u-00136-00076427-00076818 In this demonstration, I'm going to go with plain old exercise. +JsR7niJau6u-00137-00076818-00077623 I'm going to click on that and open it up, and associated with exercise are all of these +JsR7niJau6u-00138-00077623-00077723 subheadings. +JsR7niJau6u-00139-00077723-00078356 You can begin to see how intricate this MeSH subject heading thing is, but this is good +JsR7niJau6u-00140-00078356-00079099 because it helps you find what exactly what you need much more quickly and notice that +JsR7niJau6u-00141-00079099-00079420 we have a box here for standards. +JsR7niJau6u-00142-00079420-00079757 I'm going to click that. +JsR7niJau6u-00143-00079757-00080714 And we can now search exercise standards by going over here to the PubMed Search Builder. +JsR7niJau6u-00144-00080714-00081238 We'll add to search builder +JsR7niJau6u-00145-00081238-00081847 and now we can search PubMed for every single article that has something to do with exercise +JsR7niJau6u-00146-00081847-00082669 standards and we come back with 251. +JsR7niJau6u-00147-00082669-00082769 And let me go back. +JsR7niJau6u-00148-00082769-00083699 And I'm going to add that in again to the search builder but this time I'm going to +JsR7niJau6u-00149-00083699-00083960 combine that with something else. +JsR7niJau6u-00150-00083960-00084811 I'm going to come up to that MeSH search box and put in +JsR7niJau6u-00151-00084811-00084911 back pain +JsR7niJau6u-00152-00084911-00085726 and Search. +JsR7niJau6u-00153-00085726-00086117 So now my search has taken me to the listing for back pain. +JsR7niJau6u-00154-00086117-00086874 I've got a couple options there and over here on the right it has kept exercise standards +JsR7niJau6u-00155-00086874-00087943 in the search box ready to combine with whatever I select here so I'm going to go to back pain +JsR7niJau6u-00156-00087943-00088492 and I could have just clicked at that little box next to back pain but I wanted to open +JsR7niJau6u-00157-00088492-00089130 this up and show you all of these things that are associated with the topic of back pain, +JsR7niJau6u-00158-00089130-00089762 and we'll add that to the search builder and we get an automatic "and" there, perfect for +JsR7niJau6u-00159-00089762-00090373 our search, and now we search PubMed +JsR7niJau6u-00160-00090373-00091147 and we get five results that include the subjects exercise standards and back pain and this +JsR7niJau6u-00161-00091147-00092118 is substantial information it's not just a brief mention. +JsR7niJau6u-00162-00092118-00092218 The End. +JsR7niJau6u-00163-00092218-00092492 Thank you for watching and good luck with your research! +JtUrjjEz9LQ-00000-00001155-00001543 We’re at Ansteys today, I'm with Bec and we're looking at a scooter. +JtUrjjEz9LQ-00001-00001543-00001714 What model do we have in front of us? +JtUrjjEz9LQ-00002-00001714-00001922 This is the Merits Fende. +JtUrjjEz9LQ-00003-00001922-00002189 So Merits is a range that we've taken on. +JtUrjjEz9LQ-00004-00002189-00002369 So there's a lot of different scooters in the range +JtUrjjEz9LQ-00005-00002369-00002677 that we have access to, but today its the Fende. +JtUrjjEz9LQ-00006-00002677-00002723 Right, +JtUrjjEz9LQ-00007-00002798-00003174 with scooters, often our occupational therapists will be supporting +JtUrjjEz9LQ-00008-00003174-00003407 people to go through: +JtUrjjEz9LQ-00009-00003407-00003578 Is this a safe choice for them? +JtUrjjEz9LQ-00010-00003603-00003970 We liaise often with their general practitioner, their doctor, +JtUrjjEz9LQ-00011-00003970-00004337 to see if there's any medical precautions or contraindications, +JtUrjjEz9LQ-00012-00004337-00004750 conditions that they may be living with, which means operating, you know, +JtUrjjEz9LQ-00013-00004758-00005067 a small vehicle could be a problem. +JtUrjjEz9LQ-00014-00005142-00005401 We then move on to an occupational +JtUrjjEz9LQ-00015-00005401-00005780 therapy assessment, a scooter assessment, seeing if somebody is safe to operate +JtUrjjEz9LQ-00016-00005805-00006056 almost like a mini driving assessment in a way. +JtUrjjEz9LQ-00017-00006093-00006493 Can you use mirrors, do you have any mobility restrictions +JtUrjjEz9LQ-00018-00006531-00006769 in terms of being able to check blind spots, +JtUrjjEz9LQ-00019-00006802-00007144 being able to reverse, being able to navigate obstacles +JtUrjjEz9LQ-00020-00007169-00007378 so that you're safer out in the community +JtUrjjEz9LQ-00021-00007378-00007741 for yourself, but also for those around you in the community. +JtUrjjEz9LQ-00022-00007770-00008241 We also look and like to know in the home environment, where will this be stored? +JtUrjjEz9LQ-00023-00008241-00008575 Will it be stored undercover in a garage, for example? +JtUrjjEz9LQ-00024-00008679-00008754 Is there close +JtUrjjEz9LQ-00025-00008754-00009079 access to power where it will be parked at home +JtUrjjEz9LQ-00026-00009079-00009463 so we can charge and a range of other things as well. +JtUrjjEz9LQ-00027-00009463-00009930 Some people are really confident with just jumping on and going straight away. +JtUrjjEz9LQ-00028-00009930-00010197 They might have driven a golf cart in the past. +JtUrjjEz9LQ-00029-00010197-00010352 They might have, +JtUrjjEz9LQ-00030-00010402-00010806 it may be heavy machinery that they've operated in a past life, etc. +JtUrjjEz9LQ-00031-00010827-00011244 For some people, they mightn’t have ever operated a small vehicle, +JtUrjjEz9LQ-00032-00011344-00011557 a car, and this might be the first time +JtUrjjEz9LQ-00033-00011557-00011924 that they're using some sort of powered scooter device. +JtUrjjEz9LQ-00034-00011982-00012303 The reason I say that is we know that those things happen +JtUrjjEz9LQ-00035-00012303-00012871 and as equipment suppliers, as clinicians, we take the time to support people +JtUrjjEz9LQ-00036-00012871-00013267 to feel comfortable operating something that may be very new, +JtUrjjEz9LQ-00037-00013296-00013692 that can be some training as well to make sure that you feel safe +JtUrjjEz9LQ-00038-00013692-00013847 to use these things. +JtUrjjEz9LQ-00039-00013847-00014130 Some things that we consider really important as well +JtUrjjEz9LQ-00040-00014134-00014364 beyond a range of different features. +JtUrjjEz9LQ-00041-00014364-00014685 But just a short video today is safe weight limit. +JtUrjjEz9LQ-00042-00014685-00015060 So they all have, all different models, have different ranges of +JtUrjjEz9LQ-00043-00015094-00015461 what is the safe weight of someone's body weight to be sitting on the vehicle, +JtUrjjEz9LQ-00044-00015461-00015803 but also additional things that they may be carrying. +JtUrjjEz9LQ-00045-00015803-00016111 So the total safe weight of this is. +JtUrjjEz9LQ-00046-00016153-00016424 135 kilos. Lovely. +JtUrjjEz9LQ-00047-00016424-00016841 And then we also think about the distance that it can travel. +JtUrjjEz9LQ-00048-00016841-00016983 So if someone's leaving home, +JtUrjjEz9LQ-00049-00017087-00017296 going down their street out into the community, +JtUrjjEz9LQ-00050-00017296-00017638 maybe to a cafe, maybe to the shops, maybe to a medical appointment, +JtUrjjEz9LQ-00051-00017659-00018034 and coming back, what's that safe distance that they can operate? +JtUrjjEz9LQ-00052-00018034-00018376 And that is. In this case, 32 kilometers. +JtUrjjEz9LQ-00053-00018380-00018610 Yep so quite a long distance, +JtUrjjEz9LQ-00054-00018610-00019060 but most people really wouldn't test that whole boundary. +JtUrjjEz9LQ-00055-00019060-00019377 Most people will be living within usually +JtUrjjEz9LQ-00056-00019377-00019773 a couple of kilometers or five kilometers of +JtUrjjEz9LQ-00057-00019874-00020178 to some of those places that I've just mentioned. +JtUrjjEz9LQ-00058-00020178-00020574 So we always look at adjustability +JtUrjjEz9LQ-00059-00020574-00021012 of where the handles will be. +JtUrjjEz9LQ-00060-00021037-00021429 These have adjustments that you can make in most models as well as +JtUrjjEz9LQ-00061-00021538-00021834 some minor adjustments in arms and backrest. +JtUrjjEz9LQ-00062-00021896-00022238 What are some other features that you usually go over with a scooter? +JtUrjjEz9LQ-00063-00022251-00022614 We'd normally go over like most of the places they're going to use it as well +JtUrjjEz9LQ-00064-00022614-00022831 because if they're going up hills and things like that. +JtUrjjEz9LQ-00065-00022831-00023156 That 32 kilometers is reduced significantly. +JtUrjjEz9LQ-00066-00023244-00023494 So we also like to look at that, we like to look at the speed, +JtUrjjEz9LQ-00067-00023494-00023765 the blinkers, the lights, the adjustable mirrors. +JtUrjjEz9LQ-00068-00023861-00024215 And when we deliver a scooter, it's not just here you go, here’s your scooter. +JtUrjjEz9LQ-00069-00024215-00024391 You’ve done a trial with a physician, +JtUrjjEz9LQ-00070-00024391-00024691 we will actually go through all those functions with the client as well +JtUrjjEz9LQ-00071-00024753-00024962 and actually check that they can perform their head checks +JtUrjjEz9LQ-00072-00024962-00025287 or that they're in the habit of performing their head checks like they would a car. +JtUrjjEz9LQ-00073-00025287-00025708 So understanding maintenance and warranty and those sorts of things as well. +JtUrjjEz9LQ-00074-00025708-00025825 Absolutely. Yeah. +JtUrjjEz9LQ-00075-00025825-00026217 So if you find yourself in 6 months, 18 months, 36 months, going +JtUrjjEz9LQ-00076-00026251-00026405 oh my god, it's not working. +JtUrjjEz9LQ-00077-00026405-00026693 It's not working well, wheels aren't turning well, battery's flat. +JtUrjjEz9LQ-00078-00026726-00027118 Knowing that you can call the supplier, Ansteys in this case +JtUrjjEz9LQ-00079-00027168-00027585 and have that support come out and have a service or replacement parts +JtUrjjEz9LQ-00080-00027585-00027898 and understanding that warranty system is a really important +JtUrjjEz9LQ-00081-00027898-00028315 part of the process as well to, what can be, large purchases +JtUrjjEz9LQ-00082-00028407-00028686 to make sure that you feel comfortable with that as well. +JtUrjjEz9LQ-00083-00028695-00029041 I thought it was a really good tip too of saying just understanding +JtUrjjEz9LQ-00084-00029041-00029275 where someone's living and how they will be using it, +JtUrjjEz9LQ-00085-00029275-00029671 especially with incline impacting battery length. +JtUrjjEz9LQ-00086-00029704-00030230 That's a really important piece of how we approach these things, +JtUrjjEz9LQ-00087-00030230-00030643 of taking the time to listen to what is people's goals that they wish +JtUrjjEz9LQ-00088-00030643-00031047 to achieve with devices, a mobility scooter in this instance. +JtUrjjEz9LQ-00089-00031047-00031518 And then how is that going to be the appropriate choice for them and +JtUrjjEz9LQ-00090-00031577-00031915 in their life and in their environment and what they're looking to achieve, so +JtUrjjEz9LQ-00091-00031915-00032107 yeah really good point. +JtUrjjEz9LQ-00092-00032107-00032307 Anything else to finish on? +JtUrjjEz9LQ-00093-00032307-00032511 No, I think that’s it. +JtUrjjEz9LQ-00094-00032511-00032690 Very good. Pretty comprehensive. +JtUrjjEz9LQ-00095-00032690-00032970 Thanks so much for your time. We'll see you in the next episode. +JueN0WO0mkg-00000-00000312-00000842 Yes! before I leave, I want to say one more thing! very important! +JueN0WO0mkg-00001-00000952-00001144 If you guys have note 7 right? +JueN0WO0mkg-00002-00001292-00001548 Lets say if you want to keep it, like me! +JueN0WO0mkg-00003-00001600-00001880 and you want to get something! I don't know +JueN0WO0mkg-00004-00001914-00002216 off samsung to get some discount on the Note 8 for free!!! +JueN0WO0mkg-00005-00002278-00002848 You guys should join to the Note 7 rebel on the facebook +JueN0WO0mkg-00006-00002912-00003688 there is petition you can sign and if we reach 1000 people +JueN0WO0mkg-00007-00003708-00004078 and they are going to start contacting samsung +JueN0WO0mkg-00008-00004078-00004360 and maybe there is some discount from samsung +JueN0WO0mkg-00009-00004690-00005236 So anyone who sign this form, you will get something back! +JueN0WO0mkg-00010-00005312-00006010 So you have the note 7, go to the facebook page,I will put the link at the bottom +JueN0WO0mkg-00011-00006012-00006382 Join the note 7 rebel, sign that petition +JueN0WO0mkg-00012-00006438-00007048 if you sign that petition, maybe maybe..you will get the note 8 for free +JueN0WO0mkg-00013-00007048-00007172 never know right?? +JueN0WO0mkg-00014-00007188-00007508 Jay boss will get something for us , we never know +JueN0WO0mkg-00015-00007623-00007968 press the like button at the below +JueN0WO0mkg-00016-00008166-00008390 it's easy, Just press the like... +JueN0WO0mkg-00017-00008632-00009288 So if you have to Note 7 and you would like to have the Note8 for free, press the like button at bottom! +JueN0WO0mkg-00018-00009380-00009836 If Jay boss likes it, he knows he is doing the right thing +JueN0WO0mkg-00019-00009932-00010364 So i see 2 people press the like button, means they must have note 7 +JueN0WO0mkg-00020-00010422-00010828 If you have note 7, and if you want something back.. +JueN0WO0mkg-00021-00010876-00011148 maybe because Samsung killed your heart +JueN0WO0mkg-00022-00011148-00011532 because you have been following them for so long and suddenly they have all these mess +JueN0WO0mkg-00023-00011532-00011806 and you hate them and you want to get something back +JueN0WO0mkg-00024-00011884-00012422 press the like button at the below and I will send to Jay Boss +JueN0WO0mkg-00025-00012484-00012620 he will be very happy +JueN0WO0mkg-00026-00012720-00013124 Sign the petition, There is no harm! +JueN0WO0mkg-00027-00013230-00013566 Sign the petition and it will do you something good +JueN0WO0mkg-00028-00013676-00013972 YEAH<<>>>I wish I can get the note 8 for free! +JueN0WO0mkg-00029-00015191-00015538 We need 1000 people to sign that petition +JueN0WO0mkg-00030-00015678-00015944 and now we are at 995 people +JueN0WO0mkg-00031-00016063-00016510 can you believe that? We need 5 more people! +JueN0WO0mkg-00032-00016672-00017010 you have note 7, go to Note 7 rebel, Sign that +JueN0WO0mkg-00033-00018150-00018406 Sign the form, let jay to do everything +JueN0WO0mkg-00034-00018594-00018858 We may get the note 8 for free ..who knows +JueN0WO0mkg-00035-00019098-00019634 Don't trust those people who said Note 8 is discontnued. No way! No news like that +JueN0WO0mkg-00036-00019698-00019866 Do not trust those people +JueN0WO0mkg-00037-00020096-00020368 If they say S8 will discontinued, No way! +JueN0WO0mkg-00038-00020598-00020870 Those rumor tried to kill Samsung! No Way +JueN0WO0mkg-00039-00021038-00021238 They will be here, S8 and Note 8 +JueN0WO0mkg-00040-00021534-00021782 Uh Oh. I started to talk too much again +JueN0WO0mkg-00041-00021990-00022270 ok! they will remove 3.5mm headphone jack +JueN0WO0mkg-00042-00022578-00022802 They will take off the home button +JueN0WO0mkg-00043-00022970-00023210 I like the idea, but headphone jacK? +JueN0WO0mkg-00044-00023878-00024286 Please press like button if you want your headphone jack back +JueN0WO0mkg-00045-00024518-00024670 I don't want bluetooth +JueN0WO0mkg-00046-00025072-00025626 The purpose is to join to Note 7 Rebel +JueN0WO0mkg-00047-00025808-00025992 and sign that petition now! +JueN0WO0mkg-00048-00026306-00026530 Whoever have the note 7, sign it!! +JueN0WO0mkg-00049-00026762-00026954 It will do you something good +JueN0WO0mkg-00050-00027424-00027783 Subscribe my channel, Share this video Have a nice day +JxfNr_EEzLg-00000-00000000-00000200 Hi everyone +JxfNr_EEzLg-00001-00000200-00000400 Crude oil 1 minute chart +JxfNr_EEzLg-00002-00000400-00000907 After 12pm 1st signal generated +JxfNr_EEzLg-00003-00001006-00002971 Daily u will receive call like this +JxfNr_EEzLg-00004-00002971-00004728 15 point 1st target +JxfNr_EEzLg-00005-00004828-00006325 Just watch & trade calls +JxfNr_EEzLg-00006-00006406-00007976 Avoid morning market completly +JxfNr_EEzLg-00007-00007976-00009147 Low movement, low volatile +JxfNr_EEzLg-00008-00009147-00010884 Foreign markmet opening time so we can see movements +JxfNr_EEzLg-00009-00011064-00012098 2 minute of candle movement target break +JxfNr_EEzLg-00010-00012098-00013263 WhatsApp - 9488462166 for subscription details +J-7DNvoLJfI-00000-00000390-00000740 [crowd cheering] +J-7DNvoLJfI-00001-00001170-00001540 Jaine Rose: I'm going to hand over to Molly. We are pink and we are powerful! +J-7DNvoLJfI-00002-00001750-00002227 Molly Scott Cato: Thanks Jaine. Absolutely fabulous job that Jaine has done, carrying +J-7DNvoLJfI-00003-00002227-00002716 the responsibility for this over the past 18 months. It's really great to have a party, +J-7DNvoLJfI-00004-00002716-00003153 it's really great to wear pink, to see everybody here - it's a really exciting event. But I'm +J-7DNvoLJfI-00005-00003153-00003715 just going to spend a few minutes now reminding us about why we're here on 9th August, on +J-7DNvoLJfI-00006-00003715-00004164 Nagasaki Day. We didn't quite manage to have our two minutes of silence after our noisy +J-7DNvoLJfI-00007-00004164-00004623 time with the scarf so hopefully we don't mind having a little quiet time now just reflecting +J-7DNvoLJfI-00008-00004623-00005110 on the 74,000 lives that were lost through that one bomb that was dropped on Nagasaki +J-7DNvoLJfI-00009-00005110-00005810 69 years ago. That's really why we're here in this place, which is the centre of bomb-making +J-7DNvoLJfI-00010-00005970-00006389 - nuclear bomb-making - for our country. Because one of the things we're saying today is that +J-7DNvoLJfI-00011-00006389-00006881 that type of weapon is just immoral. We should not have them in this world and we should +J-7DNvoLJfI-00012-00006881-00007100 not have them here in this country. +J-7DNvoLJfI-00013-00007100-00007530 [cheers and applause] +J-7DNvoLJfI-00014-00007570-00008210 I think it's also worth remembering that nuclear power and nuclear weapons are really closely +J-7DNvoLJfI-00015-00008215-00008728 linked. Back in April I was demonstrating on the banks of the River Severn about Fukushima +J-7DNvoLJfI-00016-00008728-00009307 Day in March, because it's a terrible irony that people of Japan who suffered from the +J-7DNvoLJfI-00017-00009307-00009860 bombs dropped by our side in the war have also suffered from civilian nuclear power +J-7DNvoLJfI-00018-00009860-00010327 and are suffering now from terrible levels of radiation. We mustn't forget that connection +J-7DNvoLJfI-00019-00010327-00010690 because the nukes are coming back at us. They're coming to persuade us that they've got the +J-7DNvoLJfI-00020-00010690-00011110 answer to climate change. We've got to stop them building the next generation of nuclear +J-7DNvoLJfI-00021-00011110-00011197 power stations. +J-7DNvoLJfI-00022-00011197-00011855 [cheers and applause] +J-7DNvoLJfI-00023-00011855-00012270 Our job in the South-West and in Stroud and all up and down the Severn is to stop Hinkley +J-7DNvoLJfI-00024-00012270-00012713 happening. I feel that one of the reasons I've been sent [to Brussels] as an MEP is +J-7DNvoLJfI-00025-00012713-00013063 to stop Hinkley being built. +J-7DNvoLJfI-00026-00013063-00013503 [cheers and applause] +J-7DNvoLJfI-00027-00013503-00013882 It's basically an enormous amount of public money being sent there which is illegal under +J-7DNvoLJfI-00028-00013882-00014284 European law. The European Commission want to find that - I believe they want to say +J-7DNvoLJfI-00029-00014284-00014709 to the British government that they can't subsidise an industry to that extent because +J-7DNvoLJfI-00030-00014709-00015181 they've actually had a consultation which I'm sure a lot of you put in responses to. +J-7DNvoLJfI-00031-00015181-00015503 Why are they asking that question if they don't want to say no to the British government? +J-7DNvoLJfI-00032-00015503-00015865 So we've got to keep the pressure up over Hinkley because we don't want nuclear weapons +J-7DNvoLJfI-00033-00015865-00016565 and we also don't want nuclear power. So why are we replacing Trident? Why is that happening? +J-7DNvoLJfI-00034-00016610-00017095 Well, people often say "you Greens are a bit marginal. You 'peace people', you're not with +J-7DNvoLJfI-00035-00017095-00017643 the majority" but that's absolutely not true over Trident. 79% of people in Britain think +J-7DNvoLJfI-00036-00017643-00018093 that we shouldn't replace Trident - we're absolutely with the majority here. The reason +J-7DNvoLJfI-00037-00018093-00018743 it's happening is, as usual, about corporate power and profits. This site is owned by - +J-7DNvoLJfI-00038-00018743-00019069 I didn't know this until yesterday but I will share this with you because it's fairly shocking +J-7DNvoLJfI-00039-00019069-00019606 - it's owned by Serco, who are those jokers who made us [taxpayers] pay for people who'd +J-7DNvoLJfI-00040-00019606-00020062 died who they were still tagging, Lockheed Martin, who you may recall ran the census which +J-7DNvoLJfI-00041-00020062-00020520 I hope a lot of us boycotted, and another US corporation called Jacobs Engineering. +J-7DNvoLJfI-00042-00020520-00021060 So two-thirds of what goes on here is actually run by US corporations. It's not about a British +J-7DNvoLJfI-00043-00021060-00021548 independent deterrent, it's about us giving our money to US corporations to build weapons +J-7DNvoLJfI-00044-00021548-00021806 of [mass] death, and that's why we've got to stop Trident happening. +J-7DNvoLJfI-00045-00021806-00022250 [cheers and applause] +J-7DNvoLJfI-00046-00022350-00023030 The other thing I want to remind us of today is the relationship between the arms trade +J-7DNvoLJfI-00047-00023032-00023531 and the conflicts we see in the world. People often say "well, nobody wins out of these +J-7DNvoLJfI-00048-00023531-00023882 conflicts" but that's not true, because the people who make the weapons, make the bombs, +J-7DNvoLJfI-00049-00023882-00024332 make the guns that are being used in the Ukraine, being used in Gaza right now, as we stand +J-7DNvoLJfI-00050-00024332-00024801 here, those are the people that are driving this endless machine of death and those are +J-7DNvoLJfI-00051-00024801-00025238 the people that we have to stop. We have to stop the arms trade. We can link all these +J-7DNvoLJfI-00052-00025238-00025662 things together - we can link what's happening here to the deaths of children in Gaza and +J-7DNvoLJfI-00053-00025662-00026233 the terrible situation facing people in Ukraine. They're all linked by this destructive industry +J-7DNvoLJfI-00054-00026233-00026736 which should not be called a 'normal business'. I think we should call for the end of Trident, +J-7DNvoLJfI-00055-00026736-00027144 we should call for the scrapping of Trident, but we should also call for the end of the +J-7DNvoLJfI-00056-00027144-00027241 arms trade. +J-7DNvoLJfI-00057-00027241-00027730 [cheers and applause] +J-7DNvoLJfI-00058-00027730-00028280 I just wanted to finish by saying something to embarrass my daughter and raise the energy +J-7DNvoLJfI-00059-00028281-00028709 a little bit as well. I'm sure a lot of you here were Greenham Women in your time - I know I was. +J-7DNvoLJfI-00060-00028709-00028902 [cheers] +J-7DNvoLJfI-00061-00028902-00029274 You see, it's very true that Greenham Women are everywhere because they're here today. +J-7DNvoLJfI-00062-00029274-00029616 I just wanted to say that it's particularly nice for me that not only are Greenham Women +J-7DNvoLJfI-00063-00029616-00030060 everywhere but Greenham Women's daughters are everywhere, and they're here today as well. +J-7DNvoLJfI-00064-00030060-00030260 That's all - thank you very much and enjoy the rest of your day. +J-7DNvoLJfI-00065-00030260-00030630 [cheers and applause] +JBypM6l0ipY-00000-00000051-00000631 Two years ago today, I was sworn in as your 47th governor of Pennsylvania. +JBypM6l0ipY-00001-00000631-00000965 On that day, I vowed to restore the billion dollar cuts to education +JBypM6l0ipY-00002-00000965-00001298 and take a different approach for Pennsylvania. +JBypM6l0ipY-00003-00001298-00001673 Together, we are making progress on that promise. +JBypM6l0ipY-00004-00001675-00001962 We have restored the cuts to our schools, +JBypM6l0ipY-00005-00001962-00002423 worked with law enforcement and medical professionals to expand treatment and tackle the heroin +JBypM6l0ipY-00006-00002423-00002929 and opioid crisis, we’ve legalized medical marijuana, reformed our liquor system, +JBypM6l0ipY-00007-00002929-00003361 and expanded health care to nearly 700,000 people. +JBypM6l0ipY-00008-00003362-00003683 On a national level, today also marks the +JBypM6l0ipY-00009-00003683-00003985 inauguration of President Donald Trump. +JBypM6l0ipY-00010-00003985-00004449 And no matter who you voted for, every one of us must recognize the reality that +JBypM6l0ipY-00011-00004449-00004817 too many middle class and working class families are hurting. +JBypM6l0ipY-00012-00004817-00005098 I’ve traveled to every corner of Pennsylvania +JBypM6l0ipY-00013-00005098-00005610 -- from Hazelton to Connellsville, Edinboro to Norristown, to inner cities and rural counties +JBypM6l0ipY-00014-00005610-00005798 -- to listen to you. +JBypM6l0ipY-00015-00005798-00006076 And what I’m hearing is that the economy +JBypM6l0ipY-00016-00006076-00006565 isn’t working for you and that you’re looking to your elected leaders to act. +JBypM6l0ipY-00017-00006565-00006818 In Pennsylvania, I have shown that we can +JBypM6l0ipY-00018-00006818-00007154 do things differently, and take on special interests and the well-connected +JBypM6l0ipY-00019-00007154-00007400 to make Pennsylvania stronger. +JBypM6l0ipY-00020-00007401-00008030 I am committed to continuing that work, in a bipartisan way, to protect seniors and education, +JBypM6l0ipY-00021-00008030-00008632 continue to fight the opioid and heroin crisis, eliminate school property taxes, protect Pennsylvania +JBypM6l0ipY-00022-00008632-00009196 jobs from being sent to other states, invest in manufacturing and our economy, and address +JBypM6l0ipY-00023-00009196-00009598 our budget deficit that threatens all our futures. +JBypM6l0ipY-00024-00009598-00010033 These priorities are values shared across our state -- regardless of where you live +JBypM6l0ipY-00025-00010033-00010247 or what party you belong to. +JBypM6l0ipY-00026-00010247-00010516 I’m not a product of our political system +JBypM6l0ipY-00027-00010516-00010728 -- and I don’t care what party you’re in, +JBypM6l0ipY-00028-00010728-00010974 as long as you’re dedicated to these values. +JBypM6l0ipY-00029-00010975-00011515 I'm from a small town in Central Pennsylvania, I’m the first governor of the commonwealth +JBypM6l0ipY-00030-00011515-00011873 who operated a forklift, managed a hardware store, served in the Peace Corps, +JBypM6l0ipY-00031-00011874-00012140 and ran a business. +JBypM6l0ipY-00032-00012140-00012675 Before I was elected, I built a business the right way – by treating my employees fairly, +JBypM6l0ipY-00033-00012675-00013041 by offering solid benefits, and sharing my profits with them. +JBypM6l0ipY-00034-00013041-00013566 I also changed my business model from a distributor of other people’s goods to one that manufactured +JBypM6l0ipY-00035-00013566-00014112 products right here in United States that directly competed with Chinese products. +JBypM6l0ipY-00036-00014112-00014388 And during my Budget Address on February 7th, +JBypM6l0ipY-00037-00014388-00014818 I’ll present a plan for rebuilding our middle class and making government more efficient +JBypM6l0ipY-00038-00014818-00015278 so that we can protect education, job creation programs, and social services +JBypM6l0ipY-00039-00015278-00015516 for the most vulnerable. +JBypM6l0ipY-00040-00015516-00015722 We need leaders today who are willing to listen +JBypM6l0ipY-00041-00015722-00016166 to each other, learn from each other, and work together to give all Pennsylvanians +JBypM6l0ipY-00042-00016166-00016430 a shot at a great life. +JBypM6l0ipY-00043-00016431-00016763 This age—and this time—demands nothing less. +JBypM6l0ipY-00044-00016763-00017376 I look forward to continuing to work with Republicans, Democrats, and everyone in between +JBypM6l0ipY-00045-00017376-00017556 to move our state forward. +JBypM6l0ipY-00046-00017556-00017726 Thank you. +JHIb2HN70cA-00000-00000010-00000133 >>Josh: HOPEFULLY THEY PULLED +JHIb2HN70cA-00001-00000133-00000140 >>Josh: HOPEFULLY THEY PULLED +JHIb2HN70cA-00002-00000140-00000226 >>Josh: HOPEFULLY THEY PULLED IT OUT. +JHIb2HN70cA-00003-00000226-00000233 >>Josh: HOPEFULLY THEY PULLED IT OUT. +JHIb2HN70cA-00004-00000233-00000313 >>Josh: HOPEFULLY THEY PULLED IT OUT. THANKS. +JHIb2HN70cA-00005-00000313-00000320 IT OUT. THANKS. +JHIb2HN70cA-00006-00000320-00000383 IT OUT. THANKS. >>> AS WE HAVE HIGHLIGHTED +JHIb2HN70cA-00007-00000383-00000390 THANKS. >>> AS WE HAVE HIGHLIGHTED +JHIb2HN70cA-00008-00000390-00000453 THANKS. >>> AS WE HAVE HIGHLIGHTED (AccuCapNT Trial Version) +JHIb2HN70cA-00009-00000453-00000460 >>> AS WE HAVE HIGHLIGHTED (AccuCapNT Trial Version) +JHIb2HN70cA-00010-00000460-00000523 >>> AS WE HAVE HIGHLIGHTED (AccuCapNT Trial Version) ALREADY TONIGHT, TODAY IS +JHIb2HN70cA-00011-00000523-00000530 (AccuCapNT Trial Version) ALREADY TONIGHT, TODAY IS +JHIb2HN70cA-00012-00000530-00000613 (AccuCapNT Trial Version) ALREADY TONIGHT, TODAY IS MEMORIAL DAY, A DAY WE HONOR +JHIb2HN70cA-00013-00000613-00000620 ALREADY TONIGHT, TODAY IS MEMORIAL DAY, A DAY WE HONOR +JHIb2HN70cA-00014-00000620-00000744 ALREADY TONIGHT, TODAY IS MEMORIAL DAY, A DAY WE HONOR THOSE WHO HAVE MADE THE ULTIMATE +JHIb2HN70cA-00015-00000744-00000750 MEMORIAL DAY, A DAY WE HONOR THOSE WHO HAVE MADE THE ULTIMATE +JHIb2HN70cA-00016-00000750-00000830 MEMORIAL DAY, A DAY WE HONOR THOSE WHO HAVE MADE THE ULTIMATE SACRIFICE. +JHIb2HN70cA-00017-00000830-00000837 THOSE WHO HAVE MADE THE ULTIMATE SACRIFICE. +JHIb2HN70cA-00018-00000837-00000937 THOSE WHO HAVE MADE THE ULTIMATE SACRIFICE. IN THIS WEEK'S COMMUNITY +JHIb2HN70cA-00019-00000937-00000944 SACRIFICE. IN THIS WEEK'S COMMUNITY +JHIb2HN70cA-00020-00000944-00001084 SACRIFICE. IN THIS WEEK'S COMMUNITY SPOTLIGHT, WE BRING YOU THE +JHIb2HN70cA-00021-00001084-00001091 IN THIS WEEK'S COMMUNITY SPOTLIGHT, WE BRING YOU THE +JHIb2HN70cA-00022-00001091-00001224 IN THIS WEEK'S COMMUNITY SPOTLIGHT, WE BRING YOU THE SIGHTS AND SOUNDS FROM BEMIDJI'S +JHIb2HN70cA-00023-00001224-00001231 SPOTLIGHT, WE BRING YOU THE SIGHTS AND SOUNDS FROM BEMIDJI'S +JHIb2HN70cA-00024-00001231-00001611 SPOTLIGHT, WE BRING YOU THE SIGHTS AND SOUNDS FROM BEMIDJI'S GREENWOOD CEMETERY. +JHIb2HN70cA-00025-00001611-00001618 SIGHTS AND SOUNDS FROM BEMIDJI'S GREENWOOD CEMETERY. +JHIb2HN70cA-00026-00001618-00001815 SIGHTS AND SOUNDS FROM BEMIDJI'S GREENWOOD CEMETERY. >> LOOK BACK ON ANY MEMORIAL DAY +JHIb2HN70cA-00027-00001815-00001821 GREENWOOD CEMETERY. >> LOOK BACK ON ANY MEMORIAL DAY +JHIb2HN70cA-00028-00001821-00001975 GREENWOOD CEMETERY. >> LOOK BACK ON ANY MEMORIAL DAY AND YOU CAN IDENTIFY THE SIGHTS +JHIb2HN70cA-00029-00001975-00001981 >> LOOK BACK ON ANY MEMORIAL DAY AND YOU CAN IDENTIFY THE SIGHTS +JHIb2HN70cA-00030-00001981-00002352 >> LOOK BACK ON ANY MEMORIAL DAY AND YOU CAN IDENTIFY THE SIGHTS AND SOUNDS OF TRADITION. +JHIb2HN70cA-00031-00002352-00002359 AND YOU CAN IDENTIFY THE SIGHTS AND SOUNDS OF TRADITION. +JHIb2HN70cA-00032-00002359-00002625 AND YOU CAN IDENTIFY THE SIGHTS AND SOUNDS OF TRADITION. FOR SOME, IT'S PATRIOTIC AND FOR +JHIb2HN70cA-00033-00002625-00002632 AND SOUNDS OF TRADITION. FOR SOME, IT'S PATRIOTIC AND FOR +JHIb2HN70cA-00034-00002632-00002942 AND SOUNDS OF TRADITION. FOR SOME, IT'S PATRIOTIC AND FOR OTHERS, IT CAN BE AN EERIE +JHIb2HN70cA-00035-00002942-00002949 FOR SOME, IT'S PATRIOTIC AND FOR OTHERS, IT CAN BE AN EERIE +JHIb2HN70cA-00036-00002949-00003022 FOR SOME, IT'S PATRIOTIC AND FOR OTHERS, IT CAN BE AN EERIE MEMORY. +JHIb2HN70cA-00037-00003022-00003029 OTHERS, IT CAN BE AN EERIE MEMORY. +JHIb2HN70cA-00038-00003029-00003510 OTHERS, IT CAN BE AN EERIE MEMORY. [PLAYING "TAPS"] +JHIb2HN70cA-00039-00003510-00003516 MEMORY. [PLAYING "TAPS"] +JHIb2HN70cA-00040-00003516-00003640 MEMORY. [PLAYING "TAPS"] >> ALL ACROSS THE NATION, +JHIb2HN70cA-00041-00003640-00003646 [PLAYING "TAPS"] >> ALL ACROSS THE NATION, +JHIb2HN70cA-00042-00003646-00003850 [PLAYING "TAPS"] >> ALL ACROSS THE NATION, COMMUNITIES TAKE TIME TO REFLECT +JHIb2HN70cA-00043-00003850-00003857 >> ALL ACROSS THE NATION, COMMUNITIES TAKE TIME TO REFLECT +JHIb2HN70cA-00044-00003857-00004054 >> ALL ACROSS THE NATION, COMMUNITIES TAKE TIME TO REFLECT AND REMEMBER THOSE WHO PROUDLY +JHIb2HN70cA-00045-00004054-00004060 COMMUNITIES TAKE TIME TO REFLECT AND REMEMBER THOSE WHO PROUDLY +JHIb2HN70cA-00046-00004060-00004337 COMMUNITIES TAKE TIME TO REFLECT AND REMEMBER THOSE WHO PROUDLY SERVED ON BEHALF OF A PROUD +JHIb2HN70cA-00047-00004337-00004344 AND REMEMBER THOSE WHO PROUDLY SERVED ON BEHALF OF A PROUD +JHIb2HN70cA-00048-00004344-00004407 AND REMEMBER THOSE WHO PROUDLY SERVED ON BEHALF OF A PROUD NATION. +JHIb2HN70cA-00049-00004407-00004414 SERVED ON BEHALF OF A PROUD NATION. +JHIb2HN70cA-00050-00004414-00004491 SERVED ON BEHALF OF A PROUD NATION. (AccuCapNT Trial Version) +JHIb2HN70cA-00051-00004491-00004497 NATION. (AccuCapNT Trial Version) +JHIb2HN70cA-00052-00004497-00004647 NATION. (AccuCapNT Trial Version) >> IT'S NOT A DAY FOR PICNICKING +JHIb2HN70cA-00053-00004647-00004654 (AccuCapNT Trial Version) >> IT'S NOT A DAY FOR PICNICKING +JHIb2HN70cA-00054-00004654-00004808 (AccuCapNT Trial Version) >> IT'S NOT A DAY FOR PICNICKING AND BOARDING AND ALL THOSE +JHIb2HN70cA-00055-00004808-00004814 >> IT'S NOT A DAY FOR PICNICKING AND BOARDING AND ALL THOSE +JHIb2HN70cA-00056-00004814-00004864 >> IT'S NOT A DAY FOR PICNICKING AND BOARDING AND ALL THOSE THINGS. +JHIb2HN70cA-00057-00004864-00004871 AND BOARDING AND ALL THOSE THINGS. +JHIb2HN70cA-00058-00004871-00005101 AND BOARDING AND ALL THOSE THINGS. I THINK IT'S MORE OF A DAY FOR +JHIb2HN70cA-00059-00005101-00005108 THINGS. I THINK IT'S MORE OF A DAY FOR +JHIb2HN70cA-00060-00005108-00005245 THINGS. I THINK IT'S MORE OF A DAY FOR SOLEMN REMEMBRANCE FOR THOSE +JHIb2HN70cA-00061-00005245-00005251 I THINK IT'S MORE OF A DAY FOR SOLEMN REMEMBRANCE FOR THOSE +JHIb2HN70cA-00062-00005251-00005462 I THINK IT'S MORE OF A DAY FOR SOLEMN REMEMBRANCE FOR THOSE THAT PAY THE PRICE IN BATTLE AND +JHIb2HN70cA-00063-00005462-00005468 SOLEMN REMEMBRANCE FOR THOSE THAT PAY THE PRICE IN BATTLE AND +JHIb2HN70cA-00064-00005468-00005628 SOLEMN REMEMBRANCE FOR THOSE THAT PAY THE PRICE IN BATTLE AND FOR THOSE THAT HAVE GONE ON BY +JHIb2HN70cA-00065-00005628-00005635 THAT PAY THE PRICE IN BATTLE AND FOR THOSE THAT HAVE GONE ON BY +JHIb2HN70cA-00066-00005635-00005725 THAT PAY THE PRICE IN BATTLE AND FOR THOSE THAT HAVE GONE ON BY OTHER MEANS. +JHIb2HN70cA-00067-00005725-00005732 FOR THOSE THAT HAVE GONE ON BY OTHER MEANS. +JHIb2HN70cA-00068-00005732-00005912 FOR THOSE THAT HAVE GONE ON BY OTHER MEANS. >> AT A TIME WHEN PATRIOTISM +JHIb2HN70cA-00069-00005912-00005919 OTHER MEANS. >> AT A TIME WHEN PATRIOTISM +JHIb2HN70cA-00070-00005919-00006523 OTHER MEANS. >> AT A TIME WHEN PATRIOTISM SEEMS TO BE ON THE RISE ACROSS +JHIb2HN70cA-00071-00006523-00006529 >> AT A TIME WHEN PATRIOTISM SEEMS TO BE ON THE RISE ACROSS +JHIb2HN70cA-00072-00006529-00006656 >> AT A TIME WHEN PATRIOTISM SEEMS TO BE ON THE RISE ACROSS AMERICA, THE IMPORTANCE OF +JHIb2HN70cA-00073-00006656-00006663 SEEMS TO BE ON THE RISE ACROSS AMERICA, THE IMPORTANCE OF +JHIb2HN70cA-00074-00006663-00006766 SEEMS TO BE ON THE RISE ACROSS AMERICA, THE IMPORTANCE OF REMEMBERING OUR VETERANS +JHIb2HN70cA-00075-00006766-00006773 AMERICA, THE IMPORTANCE OF REMEMBERING OUR VETERANS +JHIb2HN70cA-00076-00006773-00007043 AMERICA, THE IMPORTANCE OF REMEMBERING OUR VETERANS CONTINUES TO GROW. +JHIb2HN70cA-00077-00007043-00007050 REMEMBERING OUR VETERANS CONTINUES TO GROW. +JHIb2HN70cA-00078-00007050-00007167 REMEMBERING OUR VETERANS CONTINUES TO GROW. >> EVERY OPPORTUNITY FOR A +JHIb2HN70cA-00079-00007167-00007173 CONTINUES TO GROW. >> EVERY OPPORTUNITY FOR A +JHIb2HN70cA-00080-00007173-00007370 CONTINUES TO GROW. >> EVERY OPPORTUNITY FOR A COMBAT VET OR SOMEONE WHO HAS +JHIb2HN70cA-00081-00007370-00007377 >> EVERY OPPORTUNITY FOR A COMBAT VET OR SOMEONE WHO HAS +JHIb2HN70cA-00082-00007377-00007517 >> EVERY OPPORTUNITY FOR A COMBAT VET OR SOMEONE WHO HAS BEEN MOBILIZED THAT HAS SEEN +JHIb2HN70cA-00083-00007517-00007524 COMBAT VET OR SOMEONE WHO HAS BEEN MOBILIZED THAT HAS SEEN +JHIb2HN70cA-00084-00007524-00007677 COMBAT VET OR SOMEONE WHO HAS BEEN MOBILIZED THAT HAS SEEN SOME ACTION, TO COME BACK AND +JHIb2HN70cA-00085-00007677-00007684 BEEN MOBILIZED THAT HAS SEEN SOME ACTION, TO COME BACK AND +JHIb2HN70cA-00086-00007684-00007824 BEEN MOBILIZED THAT HAS SEEN SOME ACTION, TO COME BACK AND SEE THIS GIVES THEM ANOTHER +JHIb2HN70cA-00087-00007824-00007831 SOME ACTION, TO COME BACK AND SEE THIS GIVES THEM ANOTHER +JHIb2HN70cA-00088-00007831-00008011 SOME ACTION, TO COME BACK AND SEE THIS GIVES THEM ANOTHER OUTLET TO RELEASE THAT PAIN THAT +JHIb2HN70cA-00089-00008011-00008018 SEE THIS GIVES THEM ANOTHER OUTLET TO RELEASE THAT PAIN THAT +JHIb2HN70cA-00090-00008018-00008068 SEE THIS GIVES THEM ANOTHER OUTLET TO RELEASE THAT PAIN THAT THEY MIGHT HAVE. +JHIb2HN70cA-00091-00008068-00008074 OUTLET TO RELEASE THAT PAIN THAT THEY MIGHT HAVE. +JHIb2HN70cA-00092-00008074-00008141 OUTLET TO RELEASE THAT PAIN THAT THEY MIGHT HAVE. (AccuCapNT Trial Version) +JHIb2HN70cA-00093-00008141-00008148 THEY MIGHT HAVE. (AccuCapNT Trial Version) +JHIb2HN70cA-00094-00008148-00008341 THEY MIGHT HAVE. (AccuCapNT Trial Version) >> FOR THOSE WHO WERE AT +JHIb2HN70cA-00095-00008341-00008348 (AccuCapNT Trial Version) >> FOR THOSE WHO WERE AT +JHIb2HN70cA-00096-00008348-00008521 (AccuCapNT Trial Version) >> FOR THOSE WHO WERE AT GREENWOOD CEMETERY, EACH HAD A +JHIb2HN70cA-00097-00008521-00008528 >> FOR THOSE WHO WERE AT GREENWOOD CEMETERY, EACH HAD A +JHIb2HN70cA-00098-00008528-00008658 >> FOR THOSE WHO WERE AT GREENWOOD CEMETERY, EACH HAD A DIFFERENT REASON FOR WHY THEY +JHIb2HN70cA-00099-00008658-00008665 GREENWOOD CEMETERY, EACH HAD A DIFFERENT REASON FOR WHY THEY +JHIb2HN70cA-00100-00008665-00008795 GREENWOOD CEMETERY, EACH HAD A DIFFERENT REASON FOR WHY THEY ATTENDED BUT WERE LINKED +JHIb2HN70cA-00101-00008795-00008802 DIFFERENT REASON FOR WHY THEY ATTENDED BUT WERE LINKED +JHIb2HN70cA-00102-00008802-00008908 DIFFERENT REASON FOR WHY THEY ATTENDED BUT WERE LINKED TOGETHER BY A COMMON THEME. +JHIb2HN70cA-00103-00008908-00008915 ATTENDED BUT WERE LINKED TOGETHER BY A COMMON THEME. +JHIb2HN70cA-00104-00008915-00009145 ATTENDED BUT WERE LINKED TOGETHER BY A COMMON THEME. >> TO HONOR OUR VETERANS. +JHIb2HN70cA-00105-00009145-00009152 TOGETHER BY A COMMON THEME. >> TO HONOR OUR VETERANS. +JHIb2HN70cA-00106-00009152-00009572 TOGETHER BY A COMMON THEME. >> TO HONOR OUR VETERANS. I ALSO HAVE A LOT OF COUSINS, +JHIb2HN70cA-00107-00009572-00009579 >> TO HONOR OUR VETERANS. I ALSO HAVE A LOT OF COUSINS, +JHIb2HN70cA-00108-00009579-00009853 >> TO HONOR OUR VETERANS. I ALSO HAVE A LOT OF COUSINS, TOO, WHO HAVE DIED AND WHO ARE +JHIb2HN70cA-00109-00009853-00009859 I ALSO HAVE A LOT OF COUSINS, TOO, WHO HAVE DIED AND WHO ARE +JHIb2HN70cA-00110-00009859-00010056 I ALSO HAVE A LOT OF COUSINS, TOO, WHO HAVE DIED AND WHO ARE NOW FIGHTING FOR OUR COUNTRY. +JHIb2HN70cA-00111-00010056-00010063 TOO, WHO HAVE DIED AND WHO ARE NOW FIGHTING FOR OUR COUNTRY. +JHIb2HN70cA-00112-00010063-00010253 TOO, WHO HAVE DIED AND WHO ARE NOW FIGHTING FOR OUR COUNTRY. >> I WANT TO HONOR THOSE THAT +JHIb2HN70cA-00113-00010253-00010260 NOW FIGHTING FOR OUR COUNTRY. >> I WANT TO HONOR THOSE THAT +JHIb2HN70cA-00114-00010260-00010473 NOW FIGHTING FOR OUR COUNTRY. >> I WANT TO HONOR THOSE THAT SACRIFICE SO MUCH FOR OUR +JHIb2HN70cA-00115-00010473-00010480 >> I WANT TO HONOR THOSE THAT SACRIFICE SO MUCH FOR OUR +JHIb2HN70cA-00116-00010480-00010667 >> I WANT TO HONOR THOSE THAT SACRIFICE SO MUCH FOR OUR COUNTRY AND PROVIDED THE +JHIb2HN70cA-00117-00010667-00010673 SACRIFICE SO MUCH FOR OUR COUNTRY AND PROVIDED THE +JHIb2HN70cA-00118-00010673-00010830 SACRIFICE SO MUCH FOR OUR COUNTRY AND PROVIDED THE FREEDOMS THAT WE ENJOY. +JHIb2HN70cA-00119-00010830-00010837 COUNTRY AND PROVIDED THE FREEDOMS THAT WE ENJOY. +JHIb2HN70cA-00120-00010837-00010980 COUNTRY AND PROVIDED THE FREEDOMS THAT WE ENJOY. >> DURING THE SERVICE, THE NAMES +JHIb2HN70cA-00121-00010980-00010987 FREEDOMS THAT WE ENJOY. >> DURING THE SERVICE, THE NAMES +JHIb2HN70cA-00122-00010987-00011157 FREEDOMS THAT WE ENJOY. >> DURING THE SERVICE, THE NAMES OF VETERANS WHO SERVED AND +JHIb2HN70cA-00123-00011157-00011164 >> DURING THE SERVICE, THE NAMES OF VETERANS WHO SERVED AND +JHIb2HN70cA-00124-00011164-00011594 >> DURING THE SERVICE, THE NAMES OF VETERANS WHO SERVED AND PASSED OVER THE PAST YEAR WERE +JHIb2HN70cA-00125-00011594-00011601 OF VETERANS WHO SERVED AND PASSED OVER THE PAST YEAR WERE +JHIb2HN70cA-00126-00011601-00011881 OF VETERANS WHO SERVED AND PASSED OVER THE PAST YEAR WERE READ ALOUD. +JHIb2HN70cA-00127-00011881-00011888 PASSED OVER THE PAST YEAR WERE READ ALOUD. +JHIb2HN70cA-00128-00011888-00012035 PASSED OVER THE PAST YEAR WERE READ ALOUD. >> DWAYNE CHRISTENSON. +JHIb2HN70cA-00129-00012035-00012042 READ ALOUD. >> DWAYNE CHRISTENSON. +JHIb2HN70cA-00130-00012042-00012178 READ ALOUD. >> DWAYNE CHRISTENSON. >> AN EMOTIONAL MOMENT FOR THOSE +JHIb2HN70cA-00131-00012178-00012185 >> DWAYNE CHRISTENSON. >> AN EMOTIONAL MOMENT FOR THOSE +JHIb2HN70cA-00132-00012185-00012362 >> DWAYNE CHRISTENSON. >> AN EMOTIONAL MOMENT FOR THOSE WHO CAME TO REMEMBER BUT AN +JHIb2HN70cA-00133-00012362-00012369 >> AN EMOTIONAL MOMENT FOR THOSE WHO CAME TO REMEMBER BUT AN +JHIb2HN70cA-00134-00012369-00012445 >> AN EMOTIONAL MOMENT FOR THOSE WHO CAME TO REMEMBER BUT AN (AccuCapNT Trial Version) +JHIb2HN70cA-00135-00012445-00012452 WHO CAME TO REMEMBER BUT AN (AccuCapNT Trial Version) +JHIb2HN70cA-00136-00012452-00012545 WHO CAME TO REMEMBER BUT AN (AccuCapNT Trial Version) IMPORTANT FACTOR IN TEACHING THE +JHIb2HN70cA-00137-00012545-00012552 (AccuCapNT Trial Version) IMPORTANT FACTOR IN TEACHING THE +JHIb2HN70cA-00138-00012552-00012882 (AccuCapNT Trial Version) IMPORTANT FACTOR IN TEACHING THE IMPORTANCE OF THE HOLIDAY. +JHIb2HN70cA-00139-00012882-00012889 IMPORTANT FACTOR IN TEACHING THE IMPORTANCE OF THE HOLIDAY. +JHIb2HN70cA-00140-00012889-00013326 IMPORTANT FACTOR IN TEACHING THE IMPORTANCE OF THE HOLIDAY. >> WE'RE KIND OF DISCOMBOBULATED +JHIb2HN70cA-00141-00013326-00013333 IMPORTANCE OF THE HOLIDAY. >> WE'RE KIND OF DISCOMBOBULATED +JHIb2HN70cA-00142-00013333-00013476 IMPORTANCE OF THE HOLIDAY. >> WE'RE KIND OF DISCOMBOBULATED BECAUSE THERE'S SO MUCH NONSENSE +JHIb2HN70cA-00143-00013476-00013483 >> WE'RE KIND OF DISCOMBOBULATED BECAUSE THERE'S SO MUCH NONSENSE +JHIb2HN70cA-00144-00013483-00013620 >> WE'RE KIND OF DISCOMBOBULATED BECAUSE THERE'S SO MUCH NONSENSE GOING ON AND THIS HOLDS US +JHIb2HN70cA-00145-00013620-00013626 BECAUSE THERE'S SO MUCH NONSENSE GOING ON AND THIS HOLDS US +JHIb2HN70cA-00146-00013626-00013877 BECAUSE THERE'S SO MUCH NONSENSE GOING ON AND THIS HOLDS US TOGETHER FOR ONE SINGLE REASON. +JHIb2HN70cA-00147-00013877-00013883 GOING ON AND THIS HOLDS US TOGETHER FOR ONE SINGLE REASON. +JHIb2HN70cA-00148-00013883-00014030 GOING ON AND THIS HOLDS US TOGETHER FOR ONE SINGLE REASON. >> IN A SITUATION WHERE LIFE +JHIb2HN70cA-00149-00014030-00014037 TOGETHER FOR ONE SINGLE REASON. >> IN A SITUATION WHERE LIFE +JHIb2HN70cA-00150-00014037-00014380 TOGETHER FOR ONE SINGLE REASON. >> IN A SITUATION WHERE LIFE MOVES FAST, IT'S IMPORTANT TO +JHIb2HN70cA-00151-00014380-00014387 >> IN A SITUATION WHERE LIFE MOVES FAST, IT'S IMPORTANT TO +JHIb2HN70cA-00152-00014387-00014621 >> IN A SITUATION WHERE LIFE MOVES FAST, IT'S IMPORTANT TO STOP. +JHIb2HN70cA-00153-00014621-00014627 MOVES FAST, IT'S IMPORTANT TO STOP. +JHIb2HN70cA-00154-00014627-00014674 MOVES FAST, IT'S IMPORTANT TO STOP. THINK. +JHIb2HN70cA-00155-00014674-00014681 STOP. THINK. +JHIb2HN70cA-00156-00014681-00014971 STOP. THINK. AND REMEMBER TO HONOR THOSE AND +JHIb2HN70cA-00157-00014971-00014978 THINK. AND REMEMBER TO HONOR THOSE AND +JHIb2HN70cA-00158-00014978-00015125 THINK. AND REMEMBER TO HONOR THOSE AND THEIR FAMILIES WHO GAVE AND +JHIb2HN70cA-00159-00015125-00015131 AND REMEMBER TO HONOR THOSE AND THEIR FAMILIES WHO GAVE AND +JHIb2HN70cA-00160-00015131-00015335 AND REMEMBER TO HONOR THOSE AND THEIR FAMILIES WHO GAVE AND CONTINUE TO GIVE SO WE ALL CAN +JHIb2HN70cA-00161-00015335-00015341 THEIR FAMILIES WHO GAVE AND CONTINUE TO GIVE SO WE ALL CAN +JHIb2HN70cA-00162-00015341-00015542 THEIR FAMILIES WHO GAVE AND CONTINUE TO GIVE SO WE ALL CAN BE FREE TO LIVE OUR LIVES UNDER +JHIb2HN70cA-00163-00015542-00015548 CONTINUE TO GIVE SO WE ALL CAN BE FREE TO LIVE OUR LIVES UNDER +JHIb2HN70cA-00164-00015548-00016019 CONTINUE TO GIVE SO WE ALL CAN BE FREE TO LIVE OUR LIVES UNDER ONE FLAG THAT UNITES US ALL. +JHIb2HN70cA-00165-00016019-00016026 BE FREE TO LIVE OUR LIVES UNDER ONE FLAG THAT UNITES US ALL. +JHIb2HN70cA-00166-00016026-00016122 BE FREE TO LIVE OUR LIVES UNDER ONE FLAG THAT UNITES US ALL. ♪ AND THE HOME OF THE BRAVE ♪ +JJdS9gEvZZ0-00000-00000042-00000373 If you buy this video course you will find these contents: +JJdS9gEvZZ0-00001-00000373-00000752 Formula or Recipe, Magic +JJdS9gEvZZ0-00002-00000752-00001116 Elite, Secrets +JJdS9gEvZZ0-00003-00001116-00001438 Extreme, American, Experts or Guru +JJdS9gEvZZ0-00004-00001438-00001864 Tricks, Panda, Exterminate the Competition +JJdS9gEvZZ0-00005-00001864-00002294 Conquer and dominate the SERPs +JJdS9gEvZZ0-00006-00002294-00002609 Viral, Definitive, peak of visibility +JJdS9gEvZZ0-00007-00002609-00002914 Banned by google +JJdS9gEvZZ0-00008-00002914-00003292 Penality, guaranteed, link scouting +JJdS9gEvZZ0-00009-00003292-00003664 keyword density, doorway pages +JJdS9gEvZZ0-00010-00003664-00004010 Black hat, Niche or Niches +JJdS9gEvZZ0-00011-00004010-00004396 Higher level, Trust, killer algorythm +JJdS9gEvZZ0-00012-00004396-00004739 Long tail, monopoly +JJdS9gEvZZ0-00013-00004739-00005175 Serp Earthquake: don't miss this chance +JJdS9gEvZZ0-00014-00005175-00005507 The price you see is valid for 7 days only +JJdS9gEvZZ0-00015-00005507-00005677 then it will increase of more than 200 Euros +JM5EUYmZfK4-00000-00000000-00000680 title of this message will be called a cosmic conflict the back backdrop for this message +JM5EUYmZfK4-00001-00000680-00001184 is borrowed from a very known book that i would encourage each one of you to read called the +JM5EUYmZfK4-00002-00001184-00001823 unseen realm by dr michael heiser it will really kind of change your perspective on understanding +JM5EUYmZfK4-00003-00001823-00002344 the spiritual world or shift your perspective on understanding the spiritual world all of the +JM5EUYmZfK4-00004-00002344-00002856 notes from the message are on bible app if you use the youversion bible app you can go to more +JM5EUYmZfK4-00005-00002856-00003344 events and then follow the notes through this will be a different message that i typically preach +JM5EUYmZfK4-00006-00003479-00003944 i will go point by point and i'm going to warn you right away that i have 10 of them +JM5EUYmZfK4-00007-00004079-00004552 i usually have three most of you know my my principle that like i followed the principle +JM5EUYmZfK4-00008-00004552-00005064 of the trinity three points no more than three but today is going to be just layer on layer the +JM5EUYmZfK4-00009-00005064-00005640 reason why i'm going to speak in on this topic i really want us to have a background and a backdrop +JM5EUYmZfK4-00010-00005640-00006248 for the vision that we have to see the world impacted for christ secondly i want to help people +JM5EUYmZfK4-00011-00006248-00006792 who are personally under spiritual attack today to receive some encouragement and practical steps +JM5EUYmZfK4-00012-00006792-00007376 on how to battle and thirdly i do want to bring warning to people who don't want to evangelize but +JM5EUYmZfK4-00013-00007376-00007895 they simply want to take trips to second heavens and keep binding and losing things and closing +JM5EUYmZfK4-00014-00007895-00008352 and opening gates some of you have no idea what i just said it will make sense in just a moment +JM5EUYmZfK4-00015-00008568-00009160 first and foremost let's open our bible to deuteronomy chapter 32 verse 8 and 9. i will +JM5EUYmZfK4-00016-00009160-00009912 read from esv translation when the most high gave to the nations their inheritance when he divided +JM5EUYmZfK4-00017-00009912-00010568 mankind he fixed the borders of the peoples according to the number of the sons of god +JM5EUYmZfK4-00018-00010648-00011408 but the lord's portion is his people jacob his allotted heritage nlv translation +JM5EUYmZfK4-00019-00011408-00011992 says when the most high assigned lands to the nations when he divided up the human race +JM5EUYmZfK4-00020-00011992-00012616 he established the boundaries of the peoples according to the number in his heavenly court +JM5EUYmZfK4-00021-00012616-00013288 number one god is the one that scattered everyone over the face of all the earth when humanity did +JM5EUYmZfK4-00022-00013288-00013991 not want to scatter and populate the earth but gather together and build and name for themselves +JM5EUYmZfK4-00023-00013991-00014656 god came down and confused the languages which is why we have many languages and he caused everyone +JM5EUYmZfK4-00024-00014656-00015463 to be scattered now number two god divided nations and gave them to his sons now let's look and pull +JM5EUYmZfK4-00025-00015463-00016008 the curtain and see what is happening in the spiritual realm we see in book of genesis that +JM5EUYmZfK4-00026-00016008-00016720 god scatters the nations but in deuteronomy moses has a revelation from god and gives an +JM5EUYmZfK4-00027-00016720-00017464 insight to what is happening in the spiritual realm when god is meeting with his divine counsel +JM5EUYmZfK4-00028-00017464-00017984 so you know how sometimes people have companies have board meetings or they have a council meeting +JM5EUYmZfK4-00029-00017984-00018680 so god has his own bible talks about god's spiritual counsel and many other references +JM5EUYmZfK4-00030-00018680-00019352 in deuteronomy chapter 32 it uses this phrase that god divides the nations and then god assigns +JM5EUYmZfK4-00031-00019352-00020000 different portions different nations to his sons now if you're reading new king james version +JM5EUYmZfK4-00032-00020072-00020944 it says he divided these nations according to the number of the children of israel but most of new +JM5EUYmZfK4-00033-00020944-00021544 king james versions will have a little dot around that and it will say the sons of god the original +JM5EUYmZfK4-00034-00021544-00022160 language as well as dead sea scrolls confirmed that in the original language it's talking about +JM5EUYmZfK4-00035-00022160-00022832 the sons of god that god divided territories to and it would make sense because when god split +JM5EUYmZfK4-00036-00022832-00023488 and send everybody out to different territories israel didn't exist yet so let's look at +JM5EUYmZfK4-00037-00023488-00023984 let's pull back the curtain in the spiritual realm god is gathering with his spiritual family +JM5EUYmZfK4-00038-00024056-00024568 in heaven and he's pretty much giving each one of his sons different territories +JM5EUYmZfK4-00039-00024624-00025264 different nations to rule and guide and god is saying there will be a nation israel that i will +JM5EUYmZfK4-00040-00025264-00025895 oversee i will personally take it as my special people and for those of us we know when abraham +JM5EUYmZfK4-00041-00025895-00026408 came to be and then god revealed himself to abraham he called him out of the ur of chaldeans +JM5EUYmZfK4-00042-00026408-00027008 and then he says that i will build a nation out of you and i will personally be committed to you +JM5EUYmZfK4-00043-00027008-00027624 god did not do that to any other nation until the coming of jesus christ are we still on the +JM5EUYmZfK4-00044-00027624-00028536 same page with me okay number three god's sons these beings spiritual beings who were in charge +JM5EUYmZfK4-00045-00028536-00029752 of these nations went rogue they went bad they got corrupted and they started to create injustice war +JM5EUYmZfK4-00046-00029864-00030544 hate abuse and all kinds of sin in these nations which if you read the if you know anything about +JM5EUYmZfK4-00047-00030544-00031095 the history of different nations and tribes you will know that to be true if you read the +JM5EUYmZfK4-00048-00031095-00031727 bible the old testament you will see that every nation except israel and israel half of the time +JM5EUYmZfK4-00049-00031727-00032416 these nations did some really bad things they worshiped other idols where did that come from +JM5EUYmZfK4-00050-00032495-00033040 let's read in psalm in psalm 82 verses 1 and 2 it says god has taken his place +JM5EUYmZfK4-00051-00033112-00033768 in the divine counsel in the midst of the gods he holds judgment how long will you +JM5EUYmZfK4-00052-00033768-00034432 judge unjustly and show partiality to the wicked salah so this is later now +JM5EUYmZfK4-00053-00034512-00035312 we see god in his counsel he separates nations gives them to his sons now in psalm this is +JM5EUYmZfK4-00054-00035312-00035976 years years later david is prophetically speaking he's saying god has gathered his counsel again +JM5EUYmZfK4-00055-00036040-00037024 and now he's rebuking these sons now it says gods the word gods here is elohim elohim is not +JM5EUYmZfK4-00056-00037088-00038024 the name for god creator it's the name for spiritual beings in heaven so god is also part +JM5EUYmZfK4-00057-00038024-00038744 of that spiritual being but god is the creator all of his created spiritual beings are called elohims +JM5EUYmZfK4-00058-00038744-00039240 but the translators translate it as god because that is also one of the translations that you +JM5EUYmZfK4-00059-00039240-00039824 can use but it's pretty much the spiritual beings that god is looking in his divine like a council +JM5EUYmZfK4-00060-00039824-00040360 meeting and god is rebuking them and this is what he's rebuking them for he said you guys are +JM5EUYmZfK4-00061-00040360-00040896 you guys are screwing up you guys are messing up you're you're doing unjustly things you're +JM5EUYmZfK4-00062-00040896-00041480 doing wrong things he's rebuking his sons now i know some of you already if you're following +JM5EUYmZfK4-00063-00041480-00041872 what i'm saying it's frying your theology or you're understanding you're like well i thought +JM5EUYmZfK4-00064-00041872-00042360 that the devil just fell with everybody from heaven because that's what it says in revelation +JM5EUYmZfK4-00065-00042360-00042904 where you know his tale drew one-thirds of angels with him and that's where the devil +JM5EUYmZfK4-00066-00042904-00043480 came in with his kingdom and that's how it was established a lot of scholars disagree that that +JM5EUYmZfK4-00067-00043480-00044136 reference in revelation refers to the following of satan with those angels that refers to the the +JM5EUYmZfK4-00068-00044136-00044680 falling of satan's place of influence in heaven at the death of jesus christ but there were more than +JM5EUYmZfK4-00069-00044680-00045232 one rebellion that has happened read the unseen realm for more information i'm just going to +JM5EUYmZfK4-00070-00045232-00045912 do a shortened version and just a very shortened version concerning the principalities so god is +JM5EUYmZfK4-00071-00045912-00046456 rebuking these sons now what charismatics did a lot of times is they taken they've taken this +JM5EUYmZfK4-00072-00046456-00046976 verse and they said well god is meeting in his spiritual family and god is calling us +JM5EUYmZfK4-00073-00047056-00047704 his little gods because in that chapter a little bit later you will see another reference to this +JM5EUYmZfK4-00074-00047704-00048712 and it says the following 82 psalm verse 6 and 7 i said you are gods sons of the most high all of you +JM5EUYmZfK4-00075-00048712-00049320 nevertheless like men you shall die and fall like any prince and so this is sometimes used out of +JM5EUYmZfK4-00076-00049320-00049800 context to look at us and to say hey all of us are literal gods we're just a little g but the +JM5EUYmZfK4-00077-00049800-00050512 problem is that we are not gods we are not divine beings we are human beings and and we should be +JM5EUYmZfK4-00078-00050512-00051096 proud of that like not in an arrogant prouder way but we we are god's created human beings made in +JM5EUYmZfK4-00079-00051096-00051591 the image and likeness of god we are not little gods even those of us who are saved and those of +JM5EUYmZfK4-00080-00051591-00052264 you who speak in tongues faster than a rocket you're still a human being it doesn't matter +JM5EUYmZfK4-00081-00052264-00052696 how much power you walk in you're still a human being you're not a little god okay there is a god +JM5EUYmZfK4-00082-00052696-00053152 he has a spiritual family and the spiritual family they're called elohims they're called +JM5EUYmZfK4-00083-00053152-00053767 spiritual beings but you and i are not one of them we are different than them we stood god's children +JM5EUYmZfK4-00084-00053767-00054432 we're just not those children plus some of those children went bad so you don't want to be there +JM5EUYmZfK4-00085-00054584-00055424 all right these god's sons these gods spiritual beings placed over the nations one of their sins +JM5EUYmZfK4-00086-00055424-00056032 is they caused the nations to worship them instead of god now just just few more layers and then +JM5EUYmZfK4-00087-00056128-00056991 i'm going to get rowdy deuteronomy 32 verse 16 and verse 17. they provoked him to jealousy with +JM5EUYmZfK4-00088-00056991-00057600 foreign gods with abominations they provoked him to anger they sacrificed to demons not to +JM5EUYmZfK4-00089-00057600-00058167 god to gods they did not know to new gods new arrivals that the fathers did not fear +JM5EUYmZfK4-00090-00058224-00058864 so now it's speaking to israel that israel under the influence of the gods of other nations +JM5EUYmZfK4-00091-00058920-00059567 started to sacrifice to these other gods now i want you to notice that moses is not saying that +JM5EUYmZfK4-00092-00059567-00060296 they only sacrifice to idols they sacrifice to spiritual beings they sacrifice and then +JM5EUYmZfK4-00093-00060296-00061104 it says new gods new arrivals and to demons these were more than wooden statues these were +JM5EUYmZfK4-00094-00061104-00061784 more than a figment of someone's imagination i want you to notice that every nation was drawn +JM5EUYmZfK4-00095-00061912-00062767 to some kind of a spirituality atheism was not the dominant thing in the history of human race there +JM5EUYmZfK4-00096-00062767-00063712 was some kind of a way to connect with a spirit being these sons that went rogue these beings +JM5EUYmZfK4-00097-00063767-00064472 that went bad they did not cause people to not believe in spiritual things it's not possible +JM5EUYmZfK4-00098-00064472-00065032 because you are a spiritual being it does not matter how much education you receive +JM5EUYmZfK4-00099-00065032-00065752 it can't satisfy the yearning for another realm it doesn't matter how much money you receive you +JM5EUYmZfK4-00100-00065752-00066496 have a yearning for eternity that's why no matter how much love good you receive in this world there +JM5EUYmZfK4-00101-00066496-00067584 is always an ache for more why because you were created by an eternal god for eternity and earth +JM5EUYmZfK4-00102-00067640-00068592 will never satisfy everything good on earth will never be good enough why because you were made for +JM5EUYmZfK4-00103-00068592-00069224 eternity you will make for another realm and there you will be fully satisfied it's almost +JM5EUYmZfK4-00104-00069224-00069800 like this earth and this realm is just to wetten your appetite and prepare you for another world +JM5EUYmZfK4-00105-00070000-00070704 so what these gods these principalities ruling territorial spirits did is they started to +JM5EUYmZfK4-00106-00070704-00071520 manipulate and lie to people by causing these people to satisfy that spiritual longing with +JM5EUYmZfK4-00107-00071520-00072424 an alternative means with false gods and they drew that worship for themselves by making themselves +JM5EUYmZfK4-00108-00072504-00073128 into those spirit beings that the humanity worshiped that's why you look at greeks you look +JM5EUYmZfK4-00109-00073128-00073720 at romans you look at every nation they had some kind of a god they worship these spirit beings +JM5EUYmZfK4-00110-00073792-00074296 they begin to draw worship for themselves instead of giving worship to god let's go a little bit +JM5EUYmZfK4-00111-00074296-00075120 further when god judged egypt he didn't just judge pharaoh he judged the gods of egypt number five +JM5EUYmZfK4-00112-00075120-00075672 god judged the gods of egypt for mistreating his children exodus chapter 12 12 i will pass through +JM5EUYmZfK4-00113-00075672-00076304 the land of egypt on that night and i will strike all the first born in the land of egypt both man +JM5EUYmZfK4-00114-00076304-00077008 and beast against all the gods of egypt i will execute judgment now egypt had gods +JM5EUYmZfK4-00115-00077008-00077656 like frogs they had they had so many gods their dominant gods were pretty much resemble certain +JM5EUYmZfK4-00116-00077656-00078240 things in nature god wasn't just going in there striking a frog a frog is not a competition to god +JM5EUYmZfK4-00117-00078352-00079224 okay nor is hail nor is rival nile nor is the sun these these things god created they are not +JM5EUYmZfK4-00118-00079224-00079872 a match they're not in rebellion to him nature doesn't rebel against god nature is under a curse +JM5EUYmZfK4-00119-00079872-00080520 but nature is not the one that is opposing him there were spiritual beings that caused people +JM5EUYmZfK4-00120-00080520-00081128 to worship nature because by worshiping nature they worship them and god says as i'm pulling my +JM5EUYmZfK4-00121-00081128-00081800 people out of egypt i will punish pharaoh because he still had a choice to hurt my people or not +JM5EUYmZfK4-00122-00081800-00082400 to hurt my people so i will punish him for his choices and then i will go and i will punish these +JM5EUYmZfK4-00123-00082400-00083040 spiritual beings over the territory of egypt and i will execute judgment on them +JM5EUYmZfK4-00124-00083040-00083704 is everybody still with me let's go to one more step further number six territorial principalities +JM5EUYmZfK4-00125-00083704-00084344 oppose god's work on the earth daniel chapter 10 verse 13 it says but the prince of the kingdom +JM5EUYmZfK4-00126-00084344-00084944 of persia which stood me 21 days and behold mike michael and that's not your cousin mike +JM5EUYmZfK4-00127-00085008-00085536 this was not daniel's third cousin mike michael and it gives us more information one of the +JM5EUYmZfK4-00128-00085536-00086328 chief princes so speaking of god's princes came to help me for i have been left alone there with the +JM5EUYmZfK4-00129-00086328-00087008 kings of persia and if you read few verses later daniel chapter 10 verse 20 it says that then he +JM5EUYmZfK4-00130-00087008-00087832 said do you know why i have come to you and now i must return to fight with the prince of persia +JM5EUYmZfK4-00131-00087832-00088552 now i want you to notice daniel is not the one fighting the prince a prince can take on a prince +JM5EUYmZfK4-00132-00088696-00089432 not daniel daniel is not that prince he says i will take on prince of persia and when i have +JM5EUYmZfK4-00133-00089432-00090104 gone forth indeed the prince of greece will come now this gives us almost like this understanding +JM5EUYmZfK4-00134-00090104-00090904 of a spiritual geography that there are ruling spiritual principalities over particular +JM5EUYmZfK4-00135-00090904-00091608 nations and daniel had the revelation and their insight this helps us in our spiritual warfare +JM5EUYmZfK4-00136-00091608-00092408 i want you to notice here that this angel from god had a conflict and had resistance for 21 days +JM5EUYmZfK4-00137-00092536-00093200 he he wasn't resisted by the mere king who occupied the persian empire we see +JM5EUYmZfK4-00138-00093200-00093704 in another instance where the angel came and hit herod and instantly herod died +JM5EUYmZfK4-00139-00093808-00094296 we see angels showing up and the whole army of assyrians who came against +JM5EUYmZfK4-00140-00094296-00094992 israel was gone in the night a mere human being is no match for an angel +JM5EUYmZfK4-00141-00095088-00095864 so when an angel says i had a resistance for 21 days the angel is not referring to a king +JM5EUYmZfK4-00142-00095864-00096568 who has some kind of a supernatural power it's referring to a spiritual entity over the region +JM5EUYmZfK4-00143-00096568-00097384 that controlled that region legally that the angel had no pr had an issue getting through +JM5EUYmZfK4-00144-00097512-00098264 for example right now in poland you can't get to ukraine if you have a word russian in your +JM5EUYmZfK4-00145-00098264-00098840 passport we had a team that went in there and you know there's there's because of the conflict +JM5EUYmZfK4-00146-00098840-00099432 there's a lot of also tension between ukrainians and russians you know we had our team wanted to go +JM5EUYmZfK4-00147-00099432-00100064 into ukraine through the border and my wife has a word russian in her passport you won't go through +JM5EUYmZfK4-00148-00100064-00100472 ukrainians won't let you because of the amount of love that they have for russians right now +JM5EUYmZfK4-00149-00100600-00101016 okay so no matter how much you have a desire no matter how much you want to do good +JM5EUYmZfK4-00150-00101080-00101720 you can't because they control the border same thing different territories were given +JM5EUYmZfK4-00151-00101720-00102208 legal permission to these spiritual entities and no matter that the fact that the angels +JM5EUYmZfK4-00152-00102208-00102720 of god have greater power and all of this stuff and god is a ruler they had a hard time getting +JM5EUYmZfK4-00153-00102720-00103392 through until the prayers of people in those territories persevered so that was before the +JM5EUYmZfK4-00154-00103392-00103824 coming of jesus but i'm just letting you know that these spiritual principalities they're not a joke +JM5EUYmZfK4-00155-00103904-00104383 they're not a match for you and i even though yes god has all the power you and i don't +JM5EUYmZfK4-00156-00104576-00104928 okay these are not demons we're not talking about little low +JM5EUYmZfK4-00157-00104928-00105432 low level demons that we were given authority over this this is a different game so let's go +JM5EUYmZfK4-00158-00105432-00106128 a little bit further into point number seven jesus's death disarm principalities and powers +JM5EUYmZfK4-00159-00106232-00106976 okay now all right if you stayed with me after now this is the good part that's coming now +JM5EUYmZfK4-00160-00107135-00107616 jesus says in colossians the bible says in colossians chapter 2 verse 15 it says having +JM5EUYmZfK4-00161-00107616-00108544 disarmed principalities and powers he made public spectacle of them triumphing over them in it +JM5EUYmZfK4-00162-00108856-00108904 all right +JM5EUYmZfK4-00163-00109128-00109632 until the coming of jesus every principality had a legal +JM5EUYmZfK4-00164-00109632-00110320 right for those nations they were assigned by god over those nations they just went bad +JM5EUYmZfK4-00165-00110408-00111072 these nations pledged their allegiance to them by worshiping different gods and every nation has a +JM5EUYmZfK4-00166-00111072-00111640 different god and different way that they worship some kind of a deity and this gives the legal +JM5EUYmZfK4-00167-00111640-00112240 right to these principalities to rule over these nations and you can stand there and name it can +JM5EUYmZfK4-00168-00112304-00112976 name it and claim it confess it possess it blab it grab you can do all of that it doesn't matter +JM5EUYmZfK4-00169-00113056-00113480 why it's the same thing as if you would think that just because you make a facebook post +JM5EUYmZfK4-00170-00113568-00114216 that donald trump was no longer a president you can say he's not by president it doesn't matter +JM5EUYmZfK4-00171-00114304-00114856 you can say that about biden right now say biden is not my president it doesn't matter he's still +JM5EUYmZfK4-00172-00114856-00115896 your present i vote to remove joe biden okay it didn't change anything you can stand with the sign +JM5EUYmZfK4-00173-00115896-00116583 and say i dethrone joe biden i bind joe biden the only thing you did is wasted some time +JM5EUYmZfK4-00174-00116672-00117152 it won't do anything the only way to remove a president is through an impeachment or there's +JM5EUYmZfK4-00175-00117152-00117744 a revolution that happens but you can't just stand there and think that because you don't like it you +JM5EUYmZfK4-00176-00117744-00118168 can remove it by a post people do that with trump people are doing that with biden you can you might +JM5EUYmZfK4-00177-00118168-00118535 not like guess price like that's it i don't want the president now it's different between +JM5EUYmZfK4-00178-00118535-00119064 not wanting a president and actually removing him the same thing with principalities we can't +JM5EUYmZfK4-00179-00119064-00119640 just simply stay there and say well i don't like this principality well of course i hope you don't +JM5EUYmZfK4-00180-00119640-00120104 like this principal it's not doing anything good but you can't remove it because you don't like it +JM5EUYmZfK4-00181-00120208-00120720 it has the legal status there and the legal status was given there by the majority of people who have +JM5EUYmZfK4-00182-00120720-00121400 chosen to worship this particular thing so ask christians now who are like well but i'm going to +JM5EUYmZfK4-00183-00121400-00122311 go bind it well you can bind until you turn blue it doesn't change much it doesn't work like that +JM5EUYmZfK4-00184-00122311-00122768 he says what do you mean so all of the stuff that we bound in the principality over tri-cities and +JM5EUYmZfK4-00185-00122768-00123568 everything it doesn't work did it nope we did it why because well we meant it well +JM5EUYmZfK4-00186-00123888-00124056 yeah we don't do it anymore though +JM5EUYmZfK4-00187-00124288-00124944 um i am not a pro-gun or anti-gun i'm a neutral i grew up in a family where we had no guns +JM5EUYmZfK4-00188-00125000-00125608 okay my uh ancestors they didn't go to army to hold bare arms partially is because you +JM5EUYmZfK4-00189-00125608-00126359 had to make an oath in a soviet army to align yourself with the beliefs of soviets +JM5EUYmZfK4-00190-00126359-00126952 and that's how you hold arms in a soviet army so my dad my uh my parents they would +JM5EUYmZfK4-00191-00126952-00127472 they would not agree with those oaths so they would go to an army but they will not bear arms +JM5EUYmZfK4-00192-00127472-00127856 even when my grandma became a citizen of the united states i remember i had to write a letter +JM5EUYmZfK4-00193-00127911-00128440 to the united states government that my grandma will not hold arms well i don't want my grandma to +JM5EUYmZfK4-00194-00128440-00129128 hold arms no offense okay so just just fyi but but she would not hold arms so just it's just always +JM5EUYmZfK4-00195-00129128-00129711 been my thing i'm not a gun person but it changed this week so all of your gun lovers i'm on your +JM5EUYmZfK4-00196-00129711-00130128 side this week those of you who are enter guns i still in the heart i'm with you all right so +JM5EUYmZfK4-00197-00130128-00130535 so this week what happened is that i'm meeting with one of our board members at the church it +JM5EUYmZfK4-00198-00130535-00130992 was for a different thing and then this board member he says before we go and we meet discuss +JM5EUYmZfK4-00199-00130992-00131464 very important spiritual things he's like he he he asked me to come to the back of his car and +JM5EUYmZfK4-00200-00131464-00131840 for a ukrainian to be called to the back of his car it's usually something is going to be shady +JM5EUYmZfK4-00201-00132056-00132392 okay it's just ukraine you know for those of you who know anything about ukraine it's +JM5EUYmZfK4-00202-00132392-00132664 a pretty corrupt country actually at least in the government so i was like +JM5EUYmZfK4-00203-00132808-00133280 so i go up there he he opens the trunk and then he he opens and he shows me a shotgun +JM5EUYmZfK4-00204-00133280-00133608 and i was like well i know you have guns and he's like no this one is yours +JM5EUYmZfK4-00205-00133936-00134448 and i i stand there and i and i'm thinking am i being tempted am i being tested or if i'm +JM5EUYmZfK4-00206-00134448-00134784 being tried so i don't know how to react i don't know what to say thank you or uh +JM5EUYmZfK4-00207-00134960-00135456 i i don't do and so and he and he's seeing my hesitancy and he's like +JM5EUYmZfK4-00208-00135456-00136064 pastor you need it it's for you trust me and he's way older than me he's one of our board members +JM5EUYmZfK4-00209-00136064-00136536 and i'm submissive to our board and so i said okay i'll take it he said oh no you can't take +JM5EUYmZfK4-00210-00136536-00137016 it we have to go to the particular place and we have to actually legally transfer it to you it's +JM5EUYmZfK4-00211-00137016-00137480 serious business i said okay so he's like we'll go after noon and we'll go to this particular +JM5EUYmZfK4-00212-00137480-00138048 place so we're going to this particular place and so and i'm being exposed to a world of guns +JM5EUYmZfK4-00213-00138400-00138768 i'm putting my social security the whole nine yards i mean they're doing all kinds of tests +JM5EUYmZfK4-00214-00138768-00139136 and then one police officer you know walks into the of course check some bullets i mean +JM5EUYmZfK4-00215-00139136-00139648 there's a language that they speak i have no idea like they're speaking like this gun and that i +JM5EUYmZfK4-00216-00139648-00140160 mean i just know long gun short gun big bullets small bullets and so but there's everything that +JM5EUYmZfK4-00217-00140160-00140616 there's a whole science to it and so and i'm just standing there asking very dumb questions i mean +JM5EUYmZfK4-00218-00140616-00141080 people are they're obvious i have no idea about guns i mean i could tell you about algorithms +JM5EUYmZfK4-00219-00141080-00141624 and other stuff but it's just not about this area and so police officer then boyd is saying this gun +JM5EUYmZfK4-00220-00141624-00141968 what is what police officer is carrying i was like oh wow so you can actually have the same gun that +JM5EUYmZfK4-00221-00141968-00142368 the police officer has there yeah you can have actually a similar gun that the police officer has +JM5EUYmZfK4-00222-00142368-00143064 and then boyd begins to evangelize me so because getting a shotgun is not enough he says you want +JM5EUYmZfK4-00223-00143064-00143664 to uh try this one and i said no i don't want guns i just i'm taking this gift because of just being +JM5EUYmZfK4-00224-00143664-00144168 nice to you but i'm standing there there's nothing else to do so i was like i'll try it +JM5EUYmZfK4-00225-00144256-00144736 he pulls it i'm like no this was the shorts i went through a few guns and and i ended up buying one +JM5EUYmZfK4-00226-00144792-00145352 i mean i didn't get it i just paid for it so i still have a chance to return or cancel the +JM5EUYmZfK4-00227-00145352-00145984 payment because it takes 10 days to actually get a gun legally and so now let's just for a moment +JM5EUYmZfK4-00228-00145984-00146800 imagine that i get i will get the gun okay it will be exactly the same gun that the police officer in +JM5EUYmZfK4-00229-00146800-00147328 pasco has how many of you know that having the same gun does not mean i have the same authority +JM5EUYmZfK4-00230-00147544-00147912 now the guns they give to citizens are mainly for self-defense +JM5EUYmZfK4-00231-00148024-00148512 the guns that police officers have they are licensed not only for self-defense they they're +JM5EUYmZfK4-00232-00148512-00149064 licensed to chase criminals and they're licensed to use them not just in their house but on the +JM5EUYmZfK4-00233-00149064-00149624 street now if i carry and i don't a concealed weapon and i come here to church today and +JM5EUYmZfK4-00234-00149624-00150328 i'm going to start executing justice as a little daredevil or it's like some kind of a batman okay +JM5EUYmZfK4-00235-00150328-00150800 and just pretty much walking around and i'm just executing justice because i have just i'm noticing +JM5EUYmZfK4-00236-00150800-00151472 evil in our city how many of you know that only works in movies in real life you will go to jail +JM5EUYmZfK4-00237-00151528-00152232 for using the same power and authority that somebody else was given over the criminal world +JM5EUYmZfK4-00238-00152232-00152984 that you have limited to self-defense and in your own house my friend just because the bible says +JM5EUYmZfK4-00239-00152984-00153704 all authority is given to us over the enemy it does not mean that there is no limit to the scope +JM5EUYmZfK4-00240-00153704-00154344 of that authority for example the bible is very clear we are to cast out demons out of people +JM5EUYmZfK4-00241-00154408-00155064 there is not one reference that we are called to go to a city and cast out a demon out of a region +JM5EUYmZfK4-00242-00155264-00155872 now you can get trigger happy and you can see that it works with casting out a demon +JM5EUYmZfK4-00243-00155872-00156264 out of a person you're like man let me try to see if it works on the level of the city +JM5EUYmZfK4-00244-00156352-00157176 and people do that i know people i know people i did it why trigger happy because you discover +JM5EUYmZfK4-00245-00157176-00157600 spiritual warfare and then you're listening to somebody who's been a satanism or somebody who's +JM5EUYmZfK4-00246-00157600-00157928 been in that world and they're like man i'm gonna go what bind the witches i'm gonna do all of this +JM5EUYmZfK4-00247-00157928-00158432 stuff and i'm gonna like you know astr almost like astral project which is a witchcraft by the way +JM5EUYmZfK4-00248-00158432-00158880 like when i'm leaving my body and go into a spiritual gate close the gate open the gate +JM5EUYmZfK4-00249-00158880-00159216 and i'm going to stop the traffic of drugs i'm going to stop the human trafficking in +JM5EUYmZfK4-00250-00159216-00159592 the city and i'm going to go back into my body and my city will be magically +JM5EUYmZfK4-00251-00159592-00160136 changed and transformed now this may seem spiritual and this may seem to a person who +JM5EUYmZfK4-00252-00160136-00160728 does not know too much of the bible attractive but my friend not only that is wrong it's dangerous +JM5EUYmZfK4-00253-00160952-00161608 every gun owner in here knows you can't walk around east pasco locking people up without +JM5EUYmZfK4-00254-00161608-00162072 being a police officer and just because you got the same gun that a police officer has you don't +JM5EUYmZfK4-00255-00162072-00162648 have the same authority so you have the same authority that jesus has you were given that you +JM5EUYmZfK4-00256-00162648-00163288 just don't have the same assignment that jesus had even jesus not once bound a principality +JM5EUYmZfK4-00257-00163368-00163952 when he was going to the place where the demonized people were there two demonized men were there +JM5EUYmZfK4-00258-00163952-00164360 and the principality was obvious caused the storm because he rebuked the storm but not the +JM5EUYmZfK4-00259-00164360-00165016 principality so he rebuked what the principality did not the principality itself why they got the +JM5EUYmZfK4-00260-00165016-00165488 legal authority over that region you can't mess with that not until he died on a cross and when +JM5EUYmZfK4-00261-00165488-00166168 he died on a cross he took the legal authority from the principalities he disarmed them now +JM5EUYmZfK4-00262-00166168-00166784 what does that mean for us come on let's give the lord clap offering hallelujah number eight +JM5EUYmZfK4-00263-00166904-00167320 number eight jesus now holds all legal authority over the nations +JM5EUYmZfK4-00264-00167408-00168056 and that means we are sent to reclaim them for jesus matthew 28 verse 18 and +JM5EUYmZfK4-00265-00168056-00168536 19 says the following and we we miss this when we talk about the great commission +JM5EUYmZfK4-00266-00168616-00169136 before jesus talked about the great commission he says this to disciples all the authority is +JM5EUYmZfK4-00267-00169136-00170080 given to me in heaven and on earth all authority means every authority that means every nation +JM5EUYmZfK4-00268-00170080-00170704 every tongue every city now jesus has the legal authority over this planet +JM5EUYmZfK4-00269-00170760-00171240 you may say but did god not was not the owner over the earth he was not sovereign of course +JM5EUYmZfK4-00270-00171240-00171984 he was sovereign a hundred percent but authority that jesus got by dying on the cross being the son +JM5EUYmZfK4-00271-00171984-00172696 of man now he holds the legal authority as the son of god the son of man over this earth and +JM5EUYmZfK4-00272-00172696-00173088 you were like well that's awesome jesus so what do we do do we go like kick the devil's butt now +JM5EUYmZfK4-00273-00173144-00173944 jesus says yeah go and preach no i want to bind i don't want to go make and make disciples +JM5EUYmZfK4-00274-00173944-00174568 i want to go make the devil mad i want to go bind the spirit of drugs over my city jesus says if you +JM5EUYmZfK4-00275-00174568-00175232 want to now do something about this authority that i have i want you to go into all the nations have +JM5EUYmZfK4-00276-00175232-00175840 you noticed in the old testament not once god gave israel an assignment to evangelize nations +JM5EUYmZfK4-00277-00176024-00176688 he only told them to stay away from them impacting their way of life he never told them to influence +JM5EUYmZfK4-00278-00176688-00177424 those nations because the authority over those nations was still over those rogue gods but +JM5EUYmZfK4-00279-00177424-00178216 when the authority was taken away from them and jesus says now the nations are mine you guys go +JM5EUYmZfK4-00280-00178216-00179056 into the nations and i want you to begin to make disciples go into america go into mexico go into +JM5EUYmZfK4-00281-00179056-00179704 brazil go into russia go into ukraine go to every nation there is not one nation that you don't have +JM5EUYmZfK4-00282-00179704-00180376 legal authority now to begin to win people toward me now will the authority will the +JM5EUYmZfK4-00283-00180376-00180920 principalities put up a fight of course they will because these principalities are not gone these +JM5EUYmZfK4-00284-00180920-00181472 principalities did not disappear but now we are on the offensive and we're doing the intruding +JM5EUYmZfK4-00285-00181576-00182176 now we're doing the fighting we are not coming in and trying to hunker down in some kind of a +JM5EUYmZfK4-00286-00182176-00182688 basement and wait for the coming of the antichrist my friend no no no the antichrist will come he's +JM5EUYmZfK4-00287-00182688-00183176 going to do it the bad boy he's going to do the best stuff but until that boy bad boy comes jesus +JM5EUYmZfK4-00288-00183176-00183656 says i will build my church and the gates of hell will not prevail that means we are on +JM5EUYmZfK4-00289-00183656-00184568 the offensive side the devil is losing slowly but surely amen amen number nine now let's get +JM5EUYmZfK4-00290-00184568-00185352 a little bit more personal our authority against ruling principality is limited to self-defense not +JM5EUYmZfK4-00291-00185352-00186112 direct confrontation on their domain let's go to ephesians chapter 6 and verse 11. this is one of +JM5EUYmZfK4-00292-00186112-00186840 the most famous verses that is used concerning the spiritual warfare with principalities and i would +JM5EUYmZfK4-00293-00186840-00187416 like you to read this now with this kind of a new perspective that i just gave you the backdrop for +JM5EUYmZfK4-00294-00187504-00188040 num verse 10 finally my brethren be strong in the lord and in the power of his might +JM5EUYmZfK4-00295-00188120-00188608 put on the whole armor of god that you may be able to stand against the wiles of the devil +JM5EUYmZfK4-00296-00188608-00189600 if you notice it doesn't say that you may win or fight but stand somebody say stand verse 11 +JM5EUYmZfK4-00297-00189600-00190216 or verse 12 i apologize for we do not wrestle against flesh and blood but against principalities +JM5EUYmZfK4-00298-00190272-00190872 against powers against the rulers of darkness of this age against spiritual hosts of wickedness +JM5EUYmZfK4-00299-00190872-00191488 in the heavenly places this is not talking about low ranking demons this is talking about a high +JM5EUYmZfK4-00300-00191488-00192248 level spiritual forces that are currently still in play and you will think okay awesome so we are +JM5EUYmZfK4-00301-00192248-00193208 wrestling against this great what do i do verse 13 therefore take up the whole armor of god that you +JM5EUYmZfK4-00302-00193208-00193888 may able to be able to bind every principality and crush every spiritual host in the wicked places +JM5EUYmZfK4-00303-00193888-00194392 now i'm making this up that's not what the bible says the bible says therefore take up +JM5EUYmZfK4-00304-00194392-00195248 the whole armor of god that you may be able to withstand somebody say withstand so i stand then +JM5EUYmZfK4-00305-00195248-00196232 if i keep standing i withstand in the evil day and having done all to stand somebody say stand +JM5EUYmZfK4-00306-00196232-00197072 so i stand to withstand to stand a lot of standing a lot of a lot of us have been folding not +JM5EUYmZfK4-00307-00197072-00197784 standing though a lot of standing and then it says again stand there for it's interesting the most +JM5EUYmZfK4-00308-00197784-00198376 amazing portion of scripture about spiritual warfare against principalities has nothing to +JM5EUYmZfK4-00309-00198376-00199032 say about the fighting them but standing when they're personally and directly assaulting you +JM5EUYmZfK4-00310-00199184-00199792 that's interesting stand there for having girded your waist with truth having put on +JM5EUYmZfK4-00311-00199792-00200272 the breastplate of righteousness having shot your feet with the preparation of the gospel of peace +JM5EUYmZfK4-00312-00200272-00200672 above all take the shield of faith with which you will be able to quench all the fiery darts +JM5EUYmZfK4-00313-00200672-00201152 of the wicked one take the helmet of salvation and the sword of the spirit which is the word of god +JM5EUYmZfK4-00314-00201152-00201648 praying always with all prayer and supplication in the spirit being watchful to this end with all +JM5EUYmZfK4-00315-00201648-00202112 perseverance and supplication for all the saints and for me that the utterance might be given to +JM5EUYmZfK4-00316-00202112-00202672 me that i may open my mouth boldly to make known the mystery of the gospel i know this was handful +JM5EUYmZfK4-00317-00202776-00203528 but maybe you are here right now and you are under a direct personal assault of spiritual forces +JM5EUYmZfK4-00318-00203528-00204064 and maybe you're sensing perhaps due to the assignment of god upon your life due to the +JM5EUYmZfK4-00319-00204064-00204744 ministry that you are carrying fulfilling or about to carry something someone wants to stop you +JM5EUYmZfK4-00320-00204840-00205288 and you feel like it's not like some kind of a low-ranking demon but it's there's an attack +JM5EUYmZfK4-00321-00205288-00206023 that is happening against your life what do you do personally you can defend yourself +JM5EUYmZfK4-00322-00206023-00206384 and these are the practical steps you can defend yourself +JM5EUYmZfK4-00323-00206384-00206767 sometimes you will feel it for those of you who walk with christ you're walking in the holy spirit +JM5EUYmZfK4-00324-00206767-00207104 you'll know and the sister shared really well when it's a demon within +JM5EUYmZfK4-00325-00207200-00207944 when it's a demon without and when it's a regional spiritual attack that it has to do with your +JM5EUYmZfK4-00326-00207944-00208512 destiny it has to do with your call what do you do then it's interesting it doesn't say first to pray +JM5EUYmZfK4-00327-00208584-00208984 because when you're under that kind of an intense battle a lot of times you can't pray +JM5EUYmZfK4-00328-00209152-00209632 and if you do the prayer doesn't go further than the ceiling and it's not because you +JM5EUYmZfK4-00329-00209632-00210328 haven't broken through it's because with that intensity of attack your winning is not retreating +JM5EUYmZfK4-00330-00210504-00211328 your winning is not folding breaking that is your winning just standing the greatest apostle said +JM5EUYmZfK4-00331-00211328-00211832 that is how you win at that moment at that point not even praying at that point you just simply +JM5EUYmZfK4-00332-00211832-00212696 you're standing in who you are i experienced that this week monday tuesday wednesday partially was +JM5EUYmZfK4-00333-00212696-00213119 because we were fasting i don't know if it's because my wife being there and the exposure +JM5EUYmZfK4-00334-00213119-00213552 that the ministry started to get with media and with other things and i know where this is headed +JM5EUYmZfK4-00335-00213552-00214176 i felt and it was discernment that i felt in my heart that this was not some kind of a personal +JM5EUYmZfK4-00336-00214176-00214608 attack on me this was something else that was coming and it's literally first they wanted me +JM5EUYmZfK4-00337-00214608-00215271 to stop fasting it wanted me to quit the headaches were not even there but this this pressure like +JM5EUYmZfK4-00338-00215271-00215864 somebody put a heavy semi on my back and wanted to just just break me and all i had to do +JM5EUYmZfK4-00339-00216104-00217023 is to say i quit not quit ministry not quit god just just fold stop whatever i've committed to +JM5EUYmZfK4-00340-00217023-00217471 do for those three days and i've been in this situation before it doesn't happen all the time +JM5EUYmZfK4-00341-00217471-00218040 and i and i know when this is happening and this is the verse that saves me every time come on come +JM5EUYmZfK4-00342-00218040-00218608 on i come home it was late at night and i'm trying to pray and literally words can't even come out of +JM5EUYmZfK4-00343-00218608-00219144 my mouth i'm like my mind is like my emotions are all over the place my mind is all over the +JM5EUYmZfK4-00344-00219144-00219728 place and i know hell just broke loose and i'm trying to hold on to some kind of a promise and +JM5EUYmZfK4-00345-00219728-00220216 literally i feel like everything is gone at that point you know and it's it's easy at that point +JM5EUYmZfK4-00346-00220216-00220919 to reach out to somebody but for me i know what i got to do vlad stand until you can withstand +JM5EUYmZfK4-00347-00221008-00221719 until you can have done all stand and it says evil day meaning this time this whole thing has a clock +JM5EUYmZfK4-00348-00222592-00223240 and for me on thursday morning is when something reset i woke up sky was brighter everything was +JM5EUYmZfK4-00349-00223240-00223919 something just shifted something just shifted and i want to encourage you today if you are in that +JM5EUYmZfK4-00350-00223919-00224496 season and maybe you're trying to use everything else you've used during your normal times to get +JM5EUYmZfK4-00351-00224496-00225032 breakthrough you turn on your favorite jehovah gyra song or your gyro song by the elevation +JM5EUYmZfK4-00352-00225032-00225400 or you turn on some other thing you're like man this is not clicking i feel stuck right +JM5EUYmZfK4-00353-00225400-00226152 now stand stand your ground but i don't feel god stand your ground but hell is breaking loose +JM5EUYmZfK4-00354-00226152-00226623 stand your ground stand on god's word but the second thing that you need to do personally and +JM5EUYmZfK4-00355-00226623-00227119 i need to do personally and this is hard i used to teach more on that and i believe in that about +JM5EUYmZfK4-00356-00227119-00227680 the spiritual armor but i want to bring spiritual armor to a very practical level it says having his +JM5EUYmZfK4-00357-00227680-00228167 standing put on the armor and a lot of us what we do is we over spiritualize spiritual armor +JM5EUYmZfK4-00358-00228240-00228600 we make spiritual armor as some kind of a spiritual thing that we put on by confessing and +JM5EUYmZfK4-00359-00228600-00229112 that is but honestly let's make it practical what the lord is saying is under that heavy pressure +JM5EUYmZfK4-00360-00229176-00229952 be a christian belt meaning be honest truth truth is nothing oh jesus is my truth yes he +JM5EUYmZfK4-00361-00229952-00230376 is but it also means that while you're under heavy pressure don't exaggerate and don't lie +JM5EUYmZfK4-00362-00230712-00231232 righteousness means integrity it's tax this season good time not to cheat and lie +JM5EUYmZfK4-00363-00231440-00232119 righteousness so this is not just oh jesus is one right he says uh yes and you also need to be +JM5EUYmZfK4-00364-00232119-00232952 righteous you become extremely vulnerable to not just the attacks but penetration of the enemy +JM5EUYmZfK4-00365-00233008-00233648 who are is who is in the spiritual realm when during a tense moments you begin to cave into +JM5EUYmZfK4-00366-00233648-00234288 living godless life and a lot of times we yield to that because we said the pressure is to heart +JM5EUYmZfK4-00367-00234352-00234944 and therefore i'm going to meditate or numb myself by either doing this or doing that be honest have +JM5EUYmZfK4-00368-00234944-00235567 integrity have faith don't trust in your feelings at that point remind yourself you are saved put +JM5EUYmZfK4-00369-00235567-00236071 on the word of god meaning read the scripture maybe stop the tick tock just the scripture +JM5EUYmZfK4-00370-00236071-00236704 feed yourself with scripture and that intense warfare with principalities against your life and +JM5EUYmZfK4-00371-00236704-00237480 destiny will subside but not forever the moment you're about to hit a new season in your calling +JM5EUYmZfK4-00372-00237536-00238056 they will come again the moment you enter or you're about to enter into a new territory +JM5EUYmZfK4-00373-00238056-00238496 they will come again why because that is how they personally attack you but the +JM5EUYmZfK4-00374-00238496-00239040 lord has given us weapons that we can defend ourselves with and a lot of us what we do is +JM5EUYmZfK4-00375-00239040-00239632 that it's better to come to a prayer meeting and say i bind the principality over seattle +JM5EUYmZfK4-00376-00239632-00240119 and then that principality is going to hit you tomorrow and we're lying through our teeth +JM5EUYmZfK4-00377-00240456-00240912 and that's not how we win this battle it's not about what i do in prayer against this +JM5EUYmZfK4-00378-00240912-00241480 principality it's what i do after prayer do i stand my ground do i leave my christian faith out +JM5EUYmZfK4-00379-00241616-00242167 amen and then do i pray he says at the end he says to prayerfully consider to prayerfully to +JM5EUYmZfK4-00380-00242167-00242704 pray now somebody might say lord you know but i want to pray i want to go bind yeah go deliver the +JM5EUYmZfK4-00381-00242704-00243392 captives let's preach the gospel a lot of times what i've noticed is that we hide our obedience +JM5EUYmZfK4-00382-00243392-00243984 behind our prayer prayer is not a substitute for obedience the great commission just because i +JM5EUYmZfK4-00383-00243984-00244360 pray and fast and god called me to the ministry of intercession it does not mean that the part +JM5EUYmZfK4-00384-00244360-00244936 about sharing my faith is limited to intercession i have to share my faith because that is the way i +JM5EUYmZfK4-00385-00244936-00245432 expand the kingdom of god we can't just sit here today and say we bind the principality over the +JM5EUYmZfK4-00386-00245432-00246000 new church where there's a lot of drugs and then nobody goes there to share the gospel that's why +JM5EUYmZfK4-00387-00246000-00246464 we're going there to bring food we're going there to bring goods and to share the gospel because +JM5EUYmZfK4-00388-00246464-00246823 it's not enough to pray for that neighborhood if we don't go there and actually reclaim +JM5EUYmZfK4-00389-00246823-00247256 that neighborhood for jesus by breaking down strongholds in the minds of people of lies and +JM5EUYmZfK4-00390-00247256-00247984 drugs by preaching the good news and they accept jesus and team jesus gets one more soul amen +JM5EUYmZfK4-00391-00248288-00248648 so i just want you to be encouraged if you're in a tough spiritual battle right now +JM5EUYmZfK4-00392-00248648-00249104 it won't be like this all the time the devil will leave the principalities will let go but typically +JM5EUYmZfK4-00393-00249104-00249504 these principalities do not attack anybody whose destiny is not a direct threat to them +JM5EUYmZfK4-00394-00249984-00250471 your destiny demons attack you because they just hate you principalities attack +JM5EUYmZfK4-00395-00250471-00251016 you because you are a direct threat either what you're about to do what you are doing +JM5EUYmZfK4-00396-00251119-00251480 or something else that is happening behind the scenes that god is using you that you don't even +JM5EUYmZfK4-00397-00251480-00251944 realize the impact you're making in the realm of the spirit and they will cause a fight paul says +JM5EUYmZfK4-00398-00251944-00252504 we wrestle against them but it's interesting that the weapons of self-defense are not the ones that +JM5EUYmZfK4-00399-00252504-00253096 we a lot of us have been using and the last thing i want to share with you and way past my time +JM5EUYmZfK4-00400-00253216-00253767 is we will replace these principalities when jesus comes and we will rule with jesus over the +JM5EUYmZfK4-00401-00253767-00254336 nations i will not give you all of the verses i'm just going to read just one verse in revelation +JM5EUYmZfK4-00402-00254336-00255200 chapter 2 verse 26 and he who overcomes and keeps my works until the end to him i will give power +JM5EUYmZfK4-00403-00255200-00255832 over the nations so that means one of the reasons these principalities are also ticked is because +JM5EUYmZfK4-00404-00255952-00256384 the job they got fired from you already got hired for +JM5EUYmZfK4-00405-00257088-00257656 i don't know part of me just wants to say take that devil but yeah so you got hired already +JM5EUYmZfK4-00406-00257656-00258080 for that and the bible says that because you overcome and you keep god's works till the end +JM5EUYmZfK4-00407-00258080-00258576 now this is not just every christian this is he who lives like a christian and serves other people +JM5EUYmZfK4-00408-00258576-00259167 you will be ruling with jesus not playing harp in heaven and just floating with little uh with +JM5EUYmZfK4-00409-00259167-00259488 just on the clouds you're actually going to be doing work with the lord and you're going to +JM5EUYmZfK4-00410-00259488-00259944 rule and reign with the lord jesus christ and we will give all the glory to our king amen +JM5EUYmZfK4-00411-00259944-00260408 because we worship now we will worship later we will worship forever hey thanks for watching this +JM5EUYmZfK4-00412-00260408-00260967 video if you enjoyed this content and this was a blessing to you would you help us and hit thumbs +JM5EUYmZfK4-00413-00260967-00261471 up so that it could help more people to discover this video it costs you nothing but it can go a +JM5EUYmZfK4-00414-00261471-00262056 long way to help with the algorithm as well as if you're not subscribed to our channel hit subscribe +JM5EUYmZfK4-00415-00262056-00262552 click on the bell so that you can be reminded each time that we upload videos thank you so +JM5EUYmZfK4-00416-00262552-00263056 much for being a part of this community if you're interested in learning more about hungry gen our +JM5EUYmZfK4-00417-00263056-00263520 internship our conferences deliverance and so many other things go to hungrygen.com +JM5EUYmZfK4-00418-00263520-00264784 for more information and as always remember better is not good enough the best is yet to come +JM5EUYmZfK4-00419-00265592-00265600 you