diff --git "a/data/en004/text/00000031.txt" "b/data/en004/text/00000031.txt" new file mode 100644--- /dev/null +++ "b/data/en004/text/00000031.txt" @@ -0,0 +1,9439 @@ +z7LQnId7N0Q-00000-00003536-00004512 Didn't realize couldn't put her here she's at the end +z7MC3bPYjUy-00000-00000032-00000481 This screencast will introduce you to Tox Town, and will demonstrate how to use Tox Town to +z7MC3bPYjUy-00001-00000481-00000992 find easy to understand information about the chemicals used in fracking, also known +z7MC3bPYjUy-00002-00000992-00001594 as hydraulic fracturing. Tox Town is a companion to the more extensive information found on +z7MC3bPYjUy-00003-00001594-00001651 ToxNet. +z7MC3bPYjUy-00004-00001651-00002243 Tox Town uses sound, graphics, and animation to make content accessible and interactive. +z7MC3bPYjUy-00005-00002243-00002655 It was designed to provide clear, plain language explanations of: +z7MC3bPYjUy-00006-00002655-00003035 everyday locations where you might find toxic chemicals +z7MC3bPYjUy-00007-00003035-00003484 information on the impact the environment can have on human health +z7MC3bPYjUy-00008-00003484-00004032 non-technical descriptions of chemicals links to other trustworthy internet sources +z7MC3bPYjUy-00009-00004032-00004319 of chemical and environmental health information +z7MC3bPYjUy-00010-00004319-00004792 You can explore Tox Town by selecting Neighborhoods +z7MC3bPYjUy-00011-00004792-00004919 Locations or +z7MC3bPYjUy-00012-00004919-00005010 Chemical links +z7MC3bPYjUy-00013-00005010-00005523 If you’re looking for information on a specific topic, like hydraulic fracturing, you can +z7MC3bPYjUy-00014-00005523-00006144 also use the A-Z Index to identify the best place to start. Let’s click on the A-Z index, +z7MC3bPYjUy-00015-00006144-00006793 and then select H for hydraulic fracturing. This tells us there’s information on Hydraulic +z7MC3bPYjUy-00016-00006793-00007389 Fracturing in two places- the Farm neighborhood and the U.S. Southwest neighborhood. Let’s +z7MC3bPYjUy-00017-00007389-00007745 click on the farm. +z7MC3bPYjUy-00018-00007745-00008240 As you hover your mouse over the farm scene, you’ll see labels pop-up. These labels indicate +z7MC3bPYjUy-00019-00008240-00008765 clickable locations. If you click on a label, the right side of the screen will be populated +z7MC3bPYjUy-00020-00008765-00009296 with information about the environmental health or chemical concerns associated with that +z7MC3bPYjUy-00021-00009296-00009504 task or location. +z7MC3bPYjUy-00022-00009504-00009964 Additionally, at the bottom of the screen, you’ll see a list of chemicals. Hover your +z7MC3bPYjUy-00023-00009964-00010472 mouse over a chemical to see where in the neighborhood that chemical tends to be present. +z7MC3bPYjUy-00024-00010472-00010893 Let’s take a closer look at the Hydraulic Fracturing information by clicking on the +z7MC3bPYjUy-00025-00010893-00011402 fracking tower at the top of the screen. The right side of the screen is now populated +z7MC3bPYjUy-00026-00011402-00011765 with links to authoritative, trustworthy information on the web. +z7MC3bPYjUy-00027-00011765-00012211 Let’s look at chemicals used in fracking. If we hover over a specific chemical, like +z7MC3bPYjUy-00028-00012211-00012728 Benzene, it tells us where else, in a farm setting, you might expect to find or be exposed +z7MC3bPYjUy-00029-00012728-00012888 to benzene. +z7MC3bPYjUy-00030-00012888-00013375 Click on a chemical to learn more. Let’s click on Benzene. You can learn exactly what +z7MC3bPYjUy-00031-00013375-00013955 benzene is, read about benzene in drinking water, find information about occupational +z7MC3bPYjUy-00032-00013955-00014563 exposure to benzene and there are also links to HazMap, and HSDB, the hazardous substances +z7MC3bPYjUy-00033-00014563-00015166 data bank, ToxFAQs, a fact sheet produced by the CDC, a map of releases +z7MC3bPYjUy-00034-00015166-00015735 in the United States from the ToxMap database, and and a ToxGuide for Benzene +z7MC3bPYjUy-00035-00015735-00016003 In the following segment, we will look in depth at the HSDB guide to Benzene. +z7RwW1AltYc-00000-00000000-00000200 PAVITRA ENGINEERS, 9167424066/9004917850/9224272866 mail: pavitraengineers1977@gmail.com Web:https://www.pavitraengineers.com/ +z7RwW1AltYc-00001-00000200-00000400 PAVITRA ENGINEERS, 9167424066/9004917850/9224272866 mail: pavitraengineers1977@gmail.com Web:https://www.pavitraengineers.com/ +z7RwW1AltYc-00002-00000400-00000600 PAVITRA ENGINEERS, 9167424066/9004917850/9224272866 mail: pavitraengineers1977@gmail.com Web:https://www.pavitraengineers.com/ +z7RwW1AltYc-00003-00000600-00000800 PAVITRA ENGINEERS, 9167424066/9004917850/9224272866 mail: pavitraengineers1977@gmail.com Web:https://www.pavitraengineers.com/ +z7RwW1AltYc-00004-00000800-00001000 PAVITRA ENGINEERS, 9167424066/9004917850/9224272866 mail: pavitraengineers1977@gmail.com Web:https://www.pavitraengineers.com/ +z7RwW1AltYc-00005-00001000-00001200 PAVITRA ENGINEERS, 9167424066/9004917850/9224272866 mail: pavitraengineers1977@gmail.com Web:https://www.pavitraengineers.com/ +z7RwW1AltYc-00006-00001200-00001400 PAVITRA ENGINEERS, 9167424066/9004917850/9224272866 mail: pavitraengineers1977@gmail.com Web:https://www.pavitraengineers.com/ +z7RwW1AltYc-00007-00001400-00001600 PAVITRA ENGINEERS, 9167424066/9004917850/9224272866 mail: pavitraengineers1977@gmail.com Web:https://www.pavitraengineers.com/ +z7RwW1AltYc-00008-00001600-00001800 PAVITRA ENGINEERS, 9167424066/9004917850/9224272866 mail: pavitraengineers1977@gmail.com Web:https://www.pavitraengineers.com/ +z7RwW1AltYc-00009-00001800-00002000 PAVITRA ENGINEERS, 9167424066/9004917850/9224272866 mail: pavitraengineers1977@gmail.com Web:https://www.pavitraengineers.com/ +z7RwW1AltYc-00010-00002000-00002200 PAVITRA ENGINEERS, 9167424066/9004917850/9224272866 mail: pavitraengineers1977@gmail.com Web:https://www.pavitraengineers.com/ +z7RwW1AltYc-00011-00002200-00002400 PAVITRA ENGINEERS, 9167424066/9004917850/9224272866 mail: pavitraengineers1977@gmail.com Web:https://www.pavitraengineers.com/ +z7RwW1AltYc-00012-00002400-00002600 PAVITRA ENGINEERS, 9167424066/9004917850/9224272866 mail: pavitraengineers1977@gmail.com Web:https://www.pavitraengineers.com/ +z7RwW1AltYc-00013-00002600-00002800 PAVITRA ENGINEERS, 9167424066/9004917850/9224272866 mail: pavitraengineers1977@gmail.com Web:https://www.pavitraengineers.com/ +z7RwW1AltYc-00014-00002800-00003000 PAVITRA ENGINEERS, 9167424066/9004917850/9224272866 mail: pavitraengineers1977@gmail.com Web:https://www.pavitraengineers.com/ +z7RwW1AltYc-00015-00003000-00003200 PAVITRA ENGINEERS, 9167424066/9004917850/9224272866 mail: pavitraengineers1977@gmail.com Web:https://www.pavitraengineers.com/ +z7RwW1AltYc-00016-00003200-00003400 PAVITRA ENGINEERS, 9167424066/9004917850/9224272866 mail: pavitraengineers1977@gmail.com Web:https://www.pavitraengineers.com/ +z7RwW1AltYc-00017-00003400-00003600 PAVITRA ENGINEERS, 9167424066/9004917850/9224272866 mail: pavitraengineers1977@gmail.com Web:https://www.pavitraengineers.com/ +z7RwW1AltYc-00018-00003600-00003800 PAVITRA ENGINEERS, 9167424066/9004917850/9224272866 mail: pavitraengineers1977@gmail.com Web:https://www.pavitraengineers.com/ +z7RwW1AltYc-00019-00003800-00004000 PAVITRA ENGINEERS, 9167424066/9004917850/9224272866 mail: pavitraengineers1977@gmail.com Web:https://www.pavitraengineers.com/ +z7RwW1AltYc-00020-00004000-00004200 PAVITRA ENGINEERS, 9167424066/9004917850/9224272866 mail: pavitraengineers1977@gmail.com Web:https://www.pavitraengineers.com/ +z7RwW1AltYc-00021-00004200-00004400 PAVITRA ENGINEERS, 9167424066/9004917850/9224272866 mail: pavitraengineers1977@gmail.com Web:https://www.pavitraengineers.com/ +z7RwW1AltYc-00022-00004400-00004600 PAVITRA ENGINEERS, 9167424066/9004917850/9224272866 mail: pavitraengineers1977@gmail.com Web:https://www.pavitraengineers.com/ +z7RwW1AltYc-00023-00004600-00004800 PAVITRA ENGINEERS, 9167424066/9004917850/9224272866 mail: pavitraengineers1977@gmail.com Web:https://www.pavitraengineers.com/ +z7RwW1AltYc-00024-00004800-00005000 PAVITRA ENGINEERS, 9167424066/9004917850/9224272866 mail: pavitraengineers1977@gmail.com Web:https://www.pavitraengineers.com/ +z7RwW1AltYc-00025-00005000-00005200 PAVITRA ENGINEERS, 9167424066/9004917850/9224272866 mail: pavitraengineers1977@gmail.com Web:https://www.pavitraengineers.com/ +z7RwW1AltYc-00026-00005200-00005400 PAVITRA ENGINEERS, 9167424066/9004917850/9224272866 mail: pavitraengineers1977@gmail.com Web:https://www.pavitraengineers.com/ +z7RwW1AltYc-00027-00005400-00005600 PAVITRA ENGINEERS, 9167424066/9004917850/9224272866 mail: pavitraengineers1977@gmail.com Web:https://www.pavitraengineers.com/ +z7RwW1AltYc-00028-00005600-00005800 PAVITRA ENGINEERS, 9167424066/9004917850/9224272866 mail: pavitraengineers1977@gmail.com Web:https://www.pavitraengineers.com/ +z7RwW1AltYc-00029-00005800-00006000 PAVITRA ENGINEERS, 9167424066/9004917850/9224272866 mail: pavitraengineers1977@gmail.com Web:https://www.pavitraengineers.com/ +z7RwW1AltYc-00030-00006000-00006200 PAVITRA ENGINEERS, 9167424066/9004917850/9224272866 mail: pavitraengineers1977@gmail.com Web:https://www.pavitraengineers.com/ +z7RwW1AltYc-00031-00006200-00006400 PAVITRA ENGINEERS, 9167424066/9004917850/9224272866 mail: pavitraengineers1977@gmail.com Web:https://www.pavitraengineers.com/ +z7RwW1AltYc-00032-00006400-00006600 PAVITRA ENGINEERS, 9167424066/9004917850/9224272866 mail: pavitraengineers1977@gmail.com Web:https://www.pavitraengineers.com/ +z7RwW1AltYc-00033-00006600-00006800 PAVITRA ENGINEERS, 9167424066/9004917850/9224272866 mail: pavitraengineers1977@gmail.com Web:https://www.pavitraengineers.com/ +z7RwW1AltYc-00034-00006800-00007000 PAVITRA ENGINEERS, 9167424066/9004917850/9224272866 mail: pavitraengineers1977@gmail.com Web:https://www.pavitraengineers.com/ +z7RwW1AltYc-00035-00007000-00007200 PAVITRA ENGINEERS, 9167424066/9004917850/9224272866 mail: pavitraengineers1977@gmail.com Web:https://www.pavitraengineers.com/ +z7RwW1AltYc-00036-00007200-00007400 PAVITRA ENGINEERS, 9167424066/9004917850/9224272866 mail: pavitraengineers1977@gmail.com Web:https://www.pavitraengineers.com/ +z7RwW1AltYc-00037-00007400-00007600 PAVITRA ENGINEERS, 9167424066/9004917850/9224272866 mail: pavitraengineers1977@gmail.com Web:https://www.pavitraengineers.com/ +z7RwW1AltYc-00038-00007600-00007800 PAVITRA ENGINEERS, 9167424066/9004917850/9224272866 mail: pavitraengineers1977@gmail.com Web:https://www.pavitraengineers.com/ +z7RwW1AltYc-00039-00007800-00008000 PAVITRA ENGINEERS, 9167424066/9004917850/9224272866 mail: pavitraengineers1977@gmail.com Web:https://www.pavitraengineers.com/ +z7RwW1AltYc-00040-00008000-00008200 PAVITRA ENGINEERS, 9167424066/9004917850/9224272866 mail: pavitraengineers1977@gmail.com Web:https://www.pavitraengineers.com/ +z7RwW1AltYc-00041-00008200-00008400 PAVITRA ENGINEERS, 9167424066/9004917850/9224272866 mail: pavitraengineers1977@gmail.com Web:https://www.pavitraengineers.com/ +z7RwW1AltYc-00042-00008400-00008600 PAVITRA ENGINEERS, 9167424066/9004917850/9224272866 mail: pavitraengineers1977@gmail.com Web:https://www.pavitraengineers.com/ +z7RwW1AltYc-00043-00008600-00008800 PAVITRA ENGINEERS, 9167424066/9004917850/9224272866 mail: pavitraengineers1977@gmail.com Web:https://www.pavitraengineers.com/ +ztDKdj1yWBc-00000-00000001-00000283 (Music) +ztDKdj1yWBc-00001-00000285-00000729 Um, I wanted to play basketball, play basketball with my friends, +ztDKdj1yWBc-00002-00000731-00001254 go to school, just be a normal kid. +ztDKdj1yWBc-00003-00001256-00001838 And I was kind of sad. +ztDKdj1yWBc-00004-00001839-00002382 Christopher has osteosarcoma which is a specific kind of bone cancer +ztDKdj1yWBc-00005-00002384-00002730 that is relatively resistant to radiation. +ztDKdj1yWBc-00006-00002732-00003160 I came home from work and he was home with Chris. +ztDKdj1yWBc-00007-00003162-00003697 There were mentions of cancer at that point I just didn't want to know anymore. +ztDKdj1yWBc-00008-00003700-00004215 It felt sort of, I dont know, unfair, it's like why would this happen to him. +ztDKdj1yWBc-00009-00004217-00004783 He's so active, he's so excited why, why would this happen to my little brother. +ztDKdj1yWBc-00010-00004785-00004978 (Music) +ztDKdj1yWBc-00011-00004980-00005335 Christopher ended up being a candidate for the Van Nes rotationplasty procedure, +ztDKdj1yWBc-00012-00005337-00005590 which is actually such a complex and rare procedure, +ztDKdj1yWBc-00013-00005592-00005920 that it's only preformed at a few hospital systems around the country. +ztDKdj1yWBc-00014-00005922-00006264 Kaiser Permanente selected to work with Stanford on this procedure +ztDKdj1yWBc-00015-00006266-00006761 because it would give him the best chance for a long term positive outcome. +ztDKdj1yWBc-00016-00006763-00006991 My favorite is basketball. +ztDKdj1yWBc-00017-00006993-00007463 And that was the one that allowed me to be the most active. +ztDKdj1yWBc-00018-00007465-00007691 When there's a question of a leg verses a life, +ztDKdj1yWBc-00019-00007693-00007905 the leg becomes irrelevant. +ztDKdj1yWBc-00020-00007906-00008521 That means a rotationplasty, where the ankle is converted into a knee joint, +ztDKdj1yWBc-00021-00008523-00008996 by cutting out the whole knee area and then by rotating the foot, +ztDKdj1yWBc-00022-00008998-00009396 and attaching the ankle to the thigh bone. +ztDKdj1yWBc-00023-00009398-00009605 We've been in Kaiser for a long time, +ztDKdj1yWBc-00024-00009607-00010034 our experience was not just one of professional expertise that treated an illness. +ztDKdj1yWBc-00025-00010036-00010494 These were human beings that were treating our family. +ztDKdj1yWBc-00026-00010496-00010957 He's completed the therapy with no evidence of disease anywhere. +ztDKdj1yWBc-00027-00010959-00011218 He's at the point now where he's doing well enough that +ztDKdj1yWBc-00028-00011220-00011706 physical therapy is actually starting to back off and just let him live his own life. +ztDKdj1yWBc-00029-00011708-00011914 He's alive and he's healthy, +ztDKdj1yWBc-00030-00011916-00012261 and all the test returns are back as good as they can be. +ztDKdj1yWBc-00031-00012263-00012668 The most exciting part of my job is actually seeing +ztDKdj1yWBc-00032-00012670-00013026 kids like Christopher actually back out there living there lives. +ztDKdj1yWBc-00033-00013028-00013380 We are still here today together as a family. +ztDKdj1yWBc-00034-00013382-00013594 We couldn't be more grateful. +ztDKdj1yWBc-00035-00013597-00013830 I mean, they saved his life. +ztDKdj1yWBc-00036-00013832-00014104 He is running and jumping and playing, +ztDKdj1yWBc-00037-00014106-00014388 and I don't know that there are words that I could say +ztDKdj1yWBc-00038-00014390-00015015 that would truly express how thankful --- sorry. +ztDKdj1yWBc-00039-00015016-00015463 I can shoot, I can dribble around. +ztDKdj1yWBc-00040-00015466-00016216 I can do anything now that could before I was diagnosed. +ztDKdj1yWBc-00041-00016219-00016516 (Music) +zvY36jmJaqc-00000-00001993-00002543 hello everyone how are you today this is Marc I'm doing great thanks for asking +zvY36jmJaqc-00001-00002543-00003107 in past lessons I talked about how to make a question in English it is very +zvY36jmJaqc-00002-00003107-00003617 difficult for some students however there are some students that don't know +zvY36jmJaqc-00003-00003617-00004151 how to make a simple sentence there are three simple questions you need to ask +zvY36jmJaqc-00004-00004151-00004801 yourself before you make a sentence these are do I want to make a positive +zvY36jmJaqc-00005-00004801-00005464 or a negative sentence the second one what tense do I want the sentence to be +zvY36jmJaqc-00006-00005464-00006319 in and the third one is the main verb a transitive ditransitive or intransitive +zvY36jmJaqc-00007-00006319-00007097 well there is a lesson for these three types of verbs so but I will tell you +zvY36jmJaqc-00008-00007097-00007505 what they mean transitive is a verb that takes an +zvY36jmJaqc-00009-00007505-00008131 object ditransitive is a verb that takes both an object and an indirect +zvY36jmJaqc-00010-00008131-00008948 object and an intransitive verb they are action verbs and do not take direct +zvY36jmJaqc-00011-00008948-00009815 objects for example go arrive play etc however let's make a sentence a positive +zvY36jmJaqc-00012-00009815-00010604 sentence using a transitive verb and in this case I chose the verb to paint so +zvY36jmJaqc-00013-00010604-00011546 the example is he painted a table white so let's analyze the sentence the first +zvY36jmJaqc-00014-00011546-00012233 thing that we need to write in English in a simple sentence is the subject in +zvY36jmJaqc-00015-00012233-00012937 this case is a pronoun a personal pronoun he then we have the verb in this +zvY36jmJaqc-00016-00012937-00013888 case is a regular past tense verb and paint so we add -ED to make it into a +zvY36jmJaqc-00017-00013888-00014384 regular past painted and as we said before it's a transitive verb +zvY36jmJaqc-00018-00014384-00015163 why because it takes an object the object in this case is a table so this +zvY36jmJaqc-00019-00015163-00015934 is a direct object a table and then white for more information so white +zvY36jmJaqc-00020-00015934-00016625 regarding here we talk about white because it is related to paint +zvY36jmJaqc-00021-00016625-00017426 he painted white the table he painted what the table what color white so let's +zvY36jmJaqc-00022-00017426-00018259 look at another example adding more information he painted a table white on +zvY36jmJaqc-00023-00018259-00018890 his driveway last night so we have the subject and in this case is a pronoun +zvY36jmJaqc-00024-00018890-00019573 personal pronoun he painted is the past of the verb to paint we said is +zvY36jmJaqc-00025-00019573-00020251 regular past so painted and we add ED I said then we have the direct +zvY36jmJaqc-00026-00020251-00021010 object which is a table then we have more info white then we have where on +zvY36jmJaqc-00027-00021010-00022043 his driveway and then we have when last night now when can go even before so at +zvY36jmJaqc-00028-00022043-00022409 the beginning of a sentence last night he painted a table white on +zvY36jmJaqc-00029-00022409-00023165 his driveway let's look at a positive sentence with an intransitive verb and +zvY36jmJaqc-00030-00023165-00023818 in this case I chose the verb to talk so we said that intransitive verbs are +zvY36jmJaqc-00031-00023818-00024520 action verbs and they don't take a direct object so let's look at the +zvY36jmJaqc-00032-00024520-00025672 example she talks for hours on the phone in the evenings so she is the subject so +zvY36jmJaqc-00033-00025672-00026258 the pronoun personal pronoun she then in this case we have a the verb to talk and +zvY36jmJaqc-00034-00026258-00027002 to talk in the present simple third-person singular so we add s at the +zvY36jmJaqc-00035-00027002-00027463 end of the verb then we have four hours which is more +zvY36jmJaqc-00036-00027463-00028186 info so she talks for hours and then the more info here is related to the verb +zvY36jmJaqc-00037-00028186-00028701 right more hours talking for hours +zvY36jmJaqc-00038-00028837-00029656 so talk for hours on the phone where on the phone and when in the evenings okay +zvY36jmJaqc-00039-00029656-00030067 right there now I'm going to erase this and we're going to look at other +zvY36jmJaqc-00040-00030067-00031357 examples okay let's go over the next example positive sentence with a +zvY36jmJaqc-00041-00031357-00032380 ditransitive verb give they gave Frank a hundred dollars to housesit until they +zvY36jmJaqc-00042-00032380-00033193 came back from their holiday so I repeat they gave Frank a hundred dollars to +zvY36jmJaqc-00043-00033193-00033949 housesit until they came back from their holidays or their holiday is the same so +zvY36jmJaqc-00044-00033949-00034720 they is the subject is the personal pronoun okay then we have to give and is +zvY36jmJaqc-00045-00034720-00035520 an irregular verb so gave in the past then we have the indirect object Frank +zvY36jmJaqc-00046-00035520-00036450 somebody receiving something so Frank and then we have the direct object $100 +zvY36jmJaqc-00047-00036450-00037303 direct object so what and then the rest so I I wrote why why did they give Frank +zvY36jmJaqc-00048-00037303-00037828 a hundred dollars to housesit until they came back from their holidays this is +zvY36jmJaqc-00049-00037828-00038773 the answer to why so let's go over a negative sentence with an intransitive +zvY36jmJaqc-00050-00038773-00039415 verb and in this case be BE is also considered a linking verb there is a +zvY36jmJaqc-00051-00039415-00040056 lesson on linking verbs so if you wish to watch that lesson you can click here +zvY36jmJaqc-00052-00040056-00040952 so the example I haven't been to Costa Rica yet so I is the personal pronoun so +zvY36jmJaqc-00053-00040952-00041699 it's the subject then haven't been so auxiliary + NOT because we're talking +zvY36jmJaqc-00054-00041699-00042386 about the present perfect then been which is the past participle of the verb +zvY36jmJaqc-00055-00042386-00043271 to be then we have where to Costa Rica and then when yes yet usually goes at +zvY36jmJaqc-00056-00043271-00043970 the end of the sentence and usually for a negative sentence but not always there +zvY36jmJaqc-00057-00043970-00044566 are always exceptions so another example with a negative sentence and with +zvY36jmJaqc-00058-00044566-00045362 another verb and in this case we have a phrasal verb to show up so she didn't +zvY36jmJaqc-00059-00045362-00046037 show up for the party last night I repeat she didn't show up for the party +zvY36jmJaqc-00060-00046037-00046738 last night so she is the subject so the personal pronoun didn't auxiliary plus +zvY36jmJaqc-00061-00046738-00047081 NOT we're talking about the past simple then +zvY36jmJaqc-00062-00047081-00047647 the phrasal verb and is the base of the verb because we already have an +zvY36jmJaqc-00063-00047647-00048500 indicator of the past which is did then show up show up appear for the party for +zvY36jmJaqc-00064-00048500-00049153 the party more info why and then last night when when last +zvY36jmJaqc-00065-00049153-00049778 night can also go at the beginning so it's a time expression last night +zvY36jmJaqc-00066-00049778-00050477 so show up for the party in this case is an intransitive verb right so it doesn't +zvY36jmJaqc-00067-00050477-00051253 take an object now number five is a sentence that I'm going to go over in +zvY36jmJaqc-00068-00051253-00051851 future lessons because it gets more complicated and the sentence can have +zvY36jmJaqc-00069-00051851-00052432 many clauses we have a sentence here with three clauses so let's look at the +zvY36jmJaqc-00070-00052432-00052898 sentence and then analyze it when the bus came to +zvY36jmJaqc-00071-00052898-00053636 a halt to come to a halt it's an idiom it means to stop they left for the +zvY36jmJaqc-00072-00053636-00054416 next city the sentence continues this is the second clause where they had planned +zvY36jmJaqc-00073-00054416-00055066 to stay the long weekend so let's analyze the sentence when is a +zvY36jmJaqc-00074-00055066-00055865 conjunction then the subject here is the bus then come to a halt so came to a +zvY36jmJaqc-00075-00055865-00056587 halt is an idiom then we have They which is a personal pronoun and is the subject +zvY36jmJaqc-00076-00056587-00057410 then we have an intransitive verb leave and so the past the past of the verb to +zvY36jmJaqc-00077-00057410-00058234 leave is irregular so we say left and then for the next city where +zvY36jmJaqc-00078-00058234-00059005 the next clause is the conjunction where then the subject day which is a personal +zvY36jmJaqc-00079-00059005-00059840 pronoun then the auxiliary had plus the past participle planned planned and then +zvY36jmJaqc-00080-00059840-00060679 more info to stay for the long weekend more info and if you want when right now +zvY36jmJaqc-00081-00060679-00061352 I wrote numbers here you can see so for the first clause this is the first +zvY36jmJaqc-00082-00061352-00061982 consider the first most important clause it identifies the main clause so they +zvY36jmJaqc-00083-00061982-00062507 left for the next city these the main clause so you need to know your main +zvY36jmJaqc-00084-00062507-00063059 clause to understand the rest right so they left for the next city this is the +zvY36jmJaqc-00085-00063059-00063716 main clause then the adverb clause of time modifying the verb the main verb to +zvY36jmJaqc-00086-00063716-00064601 leave so this would be the adverb clause when the bus came to a halt when the bus +zvY36jmJaqc-00087-00064601-00065500 came to a halt is the adverb clause it modifies leave the main verb to leave +zvY36jmJaqc-00088-00065527-00066218 and then number three right there is the adjective clause qualifying the noun +zvY36jmJaqc-00089-00066218-00066923 which is city the city so they left for the next city where so the city +zvY36jmJaqc-00090-00066923-00067511 where they have planned to stay for the long weekend I'm going to go over this +zvY36jmJaqc-00091-00067511-00068093 in future lessons so don't worry is a little bit complicated but with a lot of +zvY36jmJaqc-00092-00068093-00068648 exercise you will understand well I hope you enjoyed the lesson if you like to +zvY36jmJaqc-00093-00068648-00069064 share the lesson you may do so if you haven't subscribed to my channel please +zvY36jmJaqc-00094-00069064-00069456 do so you will get a lesson the following week +zvY36jmJaqc-00095-00069456-00072150 having said that have a great day and enjoy English take care bye bye +zw_Xa_YJSEU-00000-00001914-00002556 Hello again, welcome back, let’s continue our journey through history’s greatest novel. +zw_Xa_YJSEU-00001-00002557-00002973 Chapter sixty-eight has an interesting subtitle: “Regarding the bristling adventure that +zw_Xa_YJSEU-00002-00002973-00003127 happened to Don Quijote.” +zw_Xa_YJSEU-00003-00003127-00003882 This is actually a subtle phrase because cerdo, the popular euphemism for pig, did not exist +zw_Xa_YJSEU-00004-00003882-00004051 in Cervantes’s day. +zw_Xa_YJSEU-00005-00004051-00004804 Instead, our author has taken his new adjective from the phrase ganado de la cerda, or “herd +zw_Xa_YJSEU-00006-00004804-00005207 of bristle,” which alludes to the rough hairs associated with this animal. +zw_Xa_YJSEU-00007-00005207-00005979 In other words, Cervantes prods us to interpret the symbolic meaning of the pigs in this episode. +zw_Xa_YJSEU-00008-00005979-00006478 The chapter’s initial mythological reference to the Moon as Diana seems straightforward. +zw_Xa_YJSEU-00009-00006478-00007072 But the fact that Diana is present in the sky but cannot be seen adds a Morisco touch +zw_Xa_YJSEU-00010-00007072-00007445 to DQ’s concerns regarding how to disenchant Dulcinea. +zw_Xa_YJSEU-00011-00007445-00008197 A curious sociological detail here: DQ has slept “the first sleep” but he cannot +zw_Xa_YJSEU-00012-00008197-00008392 sleep the second. +zw_Xa_YJSEU-00013-00008392-00009022 This refers to early modern habit of people being active during the night between two +zw_Xa_YJSEU-00014-00009022-00009350 separate periods of sleep. +zw_Xa_YJSEU-00015-00009350-00009971 The narrator tells us that because SP is carefree, he does not suffer from this wakefulness. +zw_Xa_YJSEU-00016-00009971-00010612 But DQ wakes his squire anyway in order to complain about the lashes still needed to +zw_Xa_YJSEU-00017-00010612-00011204 free Dulcinea: “On your life, get up and go off a ways from here, and, with good cheer +zw_Xa_YJSEU-00018-00011204-00011724 and acknowledged valor, give yourself a good three or four hundred lashes toward those +zw_Xa_YJSEU-00019-00011724-00011926 for the disenchantment of Dulcinea.” +zw_Xa_YJSEU-00020-00011926-00012700 Cervantes is weaving together two important themes here: Sancho’s salary and the Inquisition. +zw_Xa_YJSEU-00021-00012700-00013404 Once again, the hidalgo formulates his squire’s obligation to him in feudal terms: “Good +zw_Xa_YJSEU-00022-00013404-00013894 servants suffer the pains of their masters and share their griefs.” +zw_Xa_YJSEU-00023-00013894-00014481 In chapter sixty-nine, we will see feudalism transformed into capitalism when SP finally +zw_Xa_YJSEU-00024-00014481-00014841 agrees to perform his penance for a price. +zw_Xa_YJSEU-00025-00014841-00015525 Note, too, that SP objects to lashing himself this night on the grounds that he is not religious +zw_Xa_YJSEU-00026-00015525-00016015 enough: “I am not such a monastic that I want to wake up in the middle of the night +zw_Xa_YJSEU-00027-00016015-00016190 and lash myself.” +zw_Xa_YJSEU-00028-00016190-00016731 In this way, Cervantes is preparing us for the mock Inquisitional trial of SP, also in +zw_Xa_YJSEU-00029-00016731-00016931 chapter sixty-nine. +zw_Xa_YJSEU-00030-00016931-00017548 Notice how DQ responds by lamenting the breakdown of their feudal relationship: “Oh hardened +zw_Xa_YJSEU-00031-00017548-00017648 soul! +zw_Xa_YJSEU-00032-00017648-00017790 Oh pitiless squire! +zw_Xa_YJSEU-00033-00017790-00018478 Oh bread poorly paid and favors poorly conceived those which I have done for you and had planned +zw_Xa_YJSEU-00034-00018478-00018578 to do!” +zw_Xa_YJSEU-00035-00018578-00019356 He still has hope, however, and cites to the same phrase from Job 17.12 that was used to +zw_Xa_YJSEU-00036-00019356-00020150 describe Zoraida’s escape in DQ 1.41 and which is also found on the shield of Juan +zw_Xa_YJSEU-00037-00020150-00020891 de la Cuesta on the cover page of both parts of the novel: “post tenebras spero lucem,” +zw_Xa_YJSEU-00038-00020891-00021212 meaning “after darkness, I hope for light.” +zw_Xa_YJSEU-00039-00021212-00021831 The compound effect links two of novel’s main objectives: criticizing the Inquisition +zw_Xa_YJSEU-00040-00021832-00022196 and affirming the employer-employee relationship. +zw_Xa_YJSEU-00041-00022834-00023386 For the second time in just three chapters, SP now waxes philosophical. +zw_Xa_YJSEU-00042-00023387-00023995 At the beginning of chapter sixty-six, SP had described Fortune as a drunk woman. +zw_Xa_YJSEU-00043-00023995-00024551 Here he marvels at Sleep’s power to eliminate all of life’s problems. +zw_Xa_YJSEU-00044-00024551-00025169 His metaphor is economical: “general coin with which all things are bought.” +zw_Xa_YJSEU-00045-00025169-00025908 He also indicates that Sleep is a great equalizer, for it affects all castes the same way. +zw_Xa_YJSEU-00046-00025908-00026499 Finally, he observes that the downside of Sleep is that it approaches death: “Only +zw_Xa_YJSEU-00047-00026499-00027007 one bad thing attends to Sleep, according to what I have heard said, and that is that +zw_Xa_YJSEU-00048-00027007-00027543 it resembles Death, for there is little difference between a sleeping man and a dead one.” +zw_Xa_YJSEU-00049-00027543-00028162 DQ is once again impressed: “I have never heard you speak, Sancho... so elegantly as +zw_Xa_YJSEU-00050-00028162-00028277 now.” +zw_Xa_YJSEU-00051-00028277-00028744 The philosophical discussion is now interrupted by “a deep thunder.” +zw_Xa_YJSEU-00052-00028744-00029263 SP attempts to protect himself beneath his ass: “he crouched beneath his gray, putting +zw_Xa_YJSEU-00053-00029263-00029749 the bundle of arms and the ass’s packsaddle to either side.” +zw_Xa_YJSEU-00054-00029749-00030435 This fails, however, and, “without respect for authority,” a herd of six hundred pigs +zw_Xa_YJSEU-00055-00030435-00031088 thrashes our heroes: “The herd, the grunting, the drive with which these filthy animals +zw_Xa_YJSEU-00056-00031088-00031744 arrived, first threw into confusion and then tossed to the ground the saddle, the arms, +zw_Xa_YJSEU-00057-00031744-00032099 the gray, Rocinante, Sancho, and Don Quijote.” +zw_Xa_YJSEU-00058-00032099-00032433 The episode is another case of poetic justice. +zw_Xa_YJSEU-00059-00032433-00033213 DQ says as much: “this affront is punishment for my sins, and it is just castigation by +zw_Xa_YJSEU-00060-00033213-00033733 the heavens that a defeated knight errant should be devoured by jackals and stung by +zw_Xa_YJSEU-00061-00033733-00034063 wasps and trampled by pigs.” +zw_Xa_YJSEU-00062-00034063-00034694 The figurative assault by jackals, wasps, and pigs is the antithesis of the pastoral +zw_Xa_YJSEU-00063-00034694-00034949 fantasy of the previous chapter. +zw_Xa_YJSEU-00064-00034949-00035581 But the primary role played by pigs suggests the specific problem of Jewish or Moorish +zw_Xa_YJSEU-00065-00035581-00035681 ancestry. +zw_Xa_YJSEU-00066-00035681-00036276 Since both Jews and Muslims refused to eat pork, when these people converted to Christianity, +zw_Xa_YJSEU-00067-00036276-00036900 they often made a spectacle of their interest in ham as proof of their new faith. +zw_Xa_YJSEU-00068-00036900-00037519 Cervantes mocks the Spanish obsession with blood purity throughout his texts. +zw_Xa_YJSEU-00069-00037519-00038147 Here, the humiliating defeat of DQ and SP in the “Adventure of the Pigs” subverts +zw_Xa_YJSEU-00070-00038147-00038818 authority and purity, suggesting that both our heroes are impure. +zw_Xa_YJSEU-00071-00038818-00039294 More indications of Cervantes’s critique of the obsession with ethnic identity follow. +zw_Xa_YJSEU-00072-00039294-00039947 SP says that if hidalgos and squires were related by blood, then it would make sense +zw_Xa_YJSEU-00073-00039947-00040338 that they would have to share “the punishment of their faults.” +zw_Xa_YJSEU-00074-00040338-00041014 But he denies this possibility: “what do the Panzas have to do with the Quijotes?” +zw_Xa_YJSEU-00075-00041014-00041638 Similarly, when SP goes back to sleep, “without being bothered by debts or security deposits, +zw_Xa_YJSEU-00076-00041638-00042250 or any pain whatsoever,” DQ leans against the trunk of a tree and waxes pastoral again +zw_Xa_YJSEU-00077-00042250-00042583 by singing a poem about the trials of Love. +zw_Xa_YJSEU-00078-00042583-00043177 The narrator, however, makes a point of subverting the scene’s allusions to Virgil’s pastoral +zw_Xa_YJSEU-00079-00043177-00043764 by noting that Cide Hamete Benegeli “does not declare which kind of tree it was.” +zw_Xa_YJSEU-00080-00043764-00044338 The intrusion is funny because it is mundane and trivial, mocking picky reader, but it +zw_Xa_YJSEU-00081-00044338-00045000 also points out the silliness of ethnic distinctions in an episode that’s all about pigs. +zw_Xa_YJSEU-00082-00047402-00048006 At the end of chapter sixty-eight, Cervantes transitions from the particular ethnic strife +zw_Xa_YJSEU-00083-00048006-00048559 of the “Adventure of the Pigs” toward a more primeval scene of war between primitive +zw_Xa_YJSEU-00084-00048559-00048659 peoples. +zw_Xa_YJSEU-00085-00048659-00049150 The next afternoon, “as dusk fell,” our heroes are surrounded by fifteen men who are +zw_Xa_YJSEU-00086-00049150-00049700 carrying “lances and leather shields” and are “very much dressed for war.” +zw_Xa_YJSEU-00087-00049700-00050225 These men escort DQ and SP through the countryside as their prisoners. +zw_Xa_YJSEU-00088-00050225-00050466 Note three aspects of the encounter. +zw_Xa_YJSEU-00089-00050466-00051060 First, once again Cervantes highlights SP’s identification with his humanized ass. +zw_Xa_YJSEU-00090-00051060-00051644 When the squire tries to speak, one of the men strikes him with a barb, as if he were +zw_Xa_YJSEU-00091-00051644-00052252 a pack animal: “hardly had he given signs of speaking when one of the men on foot struck +zw_Xa_YJSEU-00092-00052252-00052875 him with a spiked stick, and then the gray no less, as if it too wanted to talk.” +zw_Xa_YJSEU-00093-00052875-00053492 Second, ethnic distinctions collapse entirely when the warriors characterize our heroes +zw_Xa_YJSEU-00094-00053492-00054073 as primitive savages: “troglodytes,” “barbarians,” and “cannibals.” +zw_Xa_YJSEU-00095-00054073-00054819 Finally, the warriors take our heroes “to a castle which Don Quijote recognized as clearly +zw_Xa_YJSEU-00096-00054819-00055189 that of the Duke, where they had been shortly before.” +zw_Xa_YJSEU-00097-00055189-00055700 So we have returned to the Duke’s palace, except that this time, instead of experiencing +zw_Xa_YJSEU-00098-00055700-00056288 “courtesy and good manners,” DQ and SP are received as “vanquished,” and, upon +zw_Xa_YJSEU-00099-00056288-00056685 entering patio, “their fear doubled.” +zw_Xa_YJSEU-00100-00056685-00057191 Notice how impossible it is for us not to read the next chapter! +zw_Xa_YJSEU-00101-00057191-00057341 That’s all for now. +zw_Xa_YJSEU-00102-00057341-00058064 Join me next time as we continue interpreting the most important literary masterpiece in the Spanish language. +zwMQDFPPmLI-00000-00000000-00000200 DV7 - Я буду ебать (FOOD DANCE) +zz6YyYnQi8A-00000-00000032-00000339 [host] More than one in five Canadians lives with a disability, +zz6YyYnQi8A-00001-00000340-00000541 and today, with the pandemic straining, +zz6YyYnQi8A-00002-00000569-00000774 a number of social safety nets, including health care, +zz6YyYnQi8A-00003-00000776-00000993 employment services, and social supports, +zz6YyYnQi8A-00004-00000995-00001381 Canadians with disabilities say they're being left doubly disadvantaged. +zz6YyYnQi8A-00005-00001414-00001583 For more on the issues in this election, +zz6YyYnQi8A-00006-00001584-00001926 joining us this morning is lawyer and disability advocate David Lepofsky +zz6YyYnQi8A-00007-00001927-00002116 and accessibility specialist Thea Kurdi. +zz6YyYnQi8A-00008-00002118-00002271 Thank you both for being here today. +zz6YyYnQi8A-00009-00002272-00002446 [David Lepofsky] Good morning. [Thea Kurdi] Thank you for having us. +zz6YyYnQi8A-00010-00002447-00002605 Uh, David, let's start with you. +zz6YyYnQi8A-00011-00002606-00002766 Uh, in a recent article for Toronto Metro, +zz6YyYnQi8A-00012-00002767-00003000 you said Canadians with disabilities are being left out +zz6YyYnQi8A-00013-00003001-00003321 of pandemic emergency planning at all levels of government. +zz6YyYnQi8A-00014-00003352-00003521 Um, why do you feel that way? +zz6YyYnQi8A-00015-00003641-00003969 [David] Well, the federal government, uh, did a one-time only payment +zz6YyYnQi8A-00016-00003970-00004181 to people with disabilities, uh, last year +zz6YyYnQi8A-00017-00004182-00004433 but took months just to get the cheques sent out +zz6YyYnQi8A-00018-00004434-00004597 after they announced it. +zz6YyYnQi8A-00019-00004599-00004850 Provincial level though, here in Ontario, +zz6YyYnQi8A-00020-00004851-00005421 our hospitals are all trained up if they're overloaded with patients, +zz6YyYnQi8A-00021-00005423-00005578 and that could happen again, +zz6YyYnQi8A-00022-00005579-00005949 uh, to triage those needing critical care +zz6YyYnQi8A-00023-00005951-00006310 on criteria that could include holding against a person their disability. +zz6YyYnQi8A-00024-00006361-00006652 Uh, and that's something happening at least in Qu- +zz6YyYnQi8A-00025-00006653-00006896 uh, on the books at least in Quebec as well. +zz6YyYnQi8A-00026-00006933-00007096 We hope it never happens. +zz6YyYnQi8A-00027-00007097-00007473 So, so we've disproportionately suffered the consequences of the pandemic +zz6YyYnQi8A-00028-00007521-00007940 and disproportionately been left out of the proper planning +zz6YyYnQi8A-00029-00007941-00008226 for, uh, urgent needs during the pandemic. +zz6YyYnQi8A-00030-00008250-00008463 [host] Thea, in a recent post on LinkedIn, +zz6YyYnQi8A-00031-00008465-00008684 you said this election, party leaders need to listen +zz6YyYnQi8A-00032-00008685-00008872 to the concerns of disabled Canadians. +zz6YyYnQi8A-00033-00008897-00009051 Uh, what are some of those concerns? +zz6YyYnQi8A-00034-00009231-00009424 [Thea] Well, I can tell you, having worked for 20 years +zz6YyYnQi8A-00035-00009425-00009796 in the built environment sphere of accessibility and universal design, +zz6YyYnQi8A-00036-00009826-00010280 that we are tragically having a good bad news story, +zz6YyYnQi8A-00037-00010281-00010446 at least in the built environment. +zz6YyYnQi8A-00038-00010458-00010773 Um, the good news is we know how to fix what's wrong. +zz6YyYnQi8A-00039-00010774-00010969 But the bad news, which has three parts, +zz6YyYnQi8A-00040-00010970-00011221 is much worse than non-disabled people suspect, +zz6YyYnQi8A-00041-00011269-00011481 and the approach is still all backwards and biased. +zz6YyYnQi8A-00042-00011511-00011901 So first, our national building code and post-secondary design education +zz6YyYnQi8A-00043-00011933-00012129 still treat accessibility as an afterthought +zz6YyYnQi8A-00044-00012131-00012463 instead of aligning with our international commitments +zz6YyYnQi8A-00045-00012465-00012740 to the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities +zz6YyYnQi8A-00046-00012742-00012971 and our 40-year-old legislation, you know, +zz6YyYnQi8A-00047-00012973-00013167 the Canadian Charter and the Human Rights Codes. +zz6YyYnQi8A-00048-00013222-00013667 Uh, two, what little that there is is really only for wheelchair access, +zz6YyYnQi8A-00049-00013669-00014028 not the 70 percent of disabilities, like mine, who are invisible. +zz6YyYnQi8A-00050-00014029-00014342 And three, they shockingly still exempt housing +zz6YyYnQi8A-00051-00014383-00014616 and don't include how to make workplaces accessible, +zz6YyYnQi8A-00052-00014641-00015025 not only sabotaging our affordable housing and age in place goals, +zz6YyYnQi8A-00053-00015066-00015269 but also our employment strategies, +zz6YyYnQi8A-00054-00015287-00015679 and our diversity and inclusion, sustainability, and wellness policies. +zz6YyYnQi8A-00055-00015774-00015930 [Host] David, anything to add? +zz6YyYnQi8A-00056-00015932-00016132 Do you have any, uh, other concerns heading into the election? +zz6YyYnQi8A-00057-00016190-00016344 [David] Well, two years ago, +zz6YyYnQi8A-00058-00016345-00016547 the f-the Federal, uh, Parliament +zz6YyYnQi8A-00059-00016548-00016886 unanimously passed the Accessible Canada Act, +zz6YyYnQi8A-00060-00016888-00017140 but it was weak in many ways. +zz6YyYnQi8A-00061-00017170-00017350 We've written all the parties +zz6YyYnQi8A-00062-00017352-00017643 to ask them if they will agree to strengthen it +zz6YyYnQi8A-00063-00017644-00017952 and offer twelve ways to, to make things better. +zz6YyYnQi8A-00064-00017954-00018346 The only party that's answered us, uh, at all, +zz6YyYnQi8A-00065-00018348-00018577 uh, much less making most of the commitments, +zz6YyYnQi8A-00066-00018578-00018834 many if not most of the commitments we sought, are the NDP. +zz6YyYnQi8A-00067-00018835-00019120 We're not partisan. We want to get all the party leaders +zz6YyYnQi8A-00068-00019140-00019308 to make those commitments. +zz6YyYnQi8A-00069-00019310-00019547 So as I'm sitting here twelve days before the election, +zz6YyYnQi8A-00070-00019549-00019811 I look at the two parties that are leading in the polls. +zz6YyYnQi8A-00071-00019850-00020003 Again, we're not partisan. +zz6YyYnQi8A-00072-00020004-00020176 We're not trying to elect anybody, but we say, +zz6YyYnQi8A-00073-00020207-00020683 uh, Mr. Trudeau and Mr. O'Toole, will you please make the commitments +zz6YyYnQi8A-00074-00020720-00021331 now that, uh, we need to make sure that legislation is made strong not weak +zz6YyYnQi8A-00075-00021332-00021506 and that it's effectively implemented? +zz6YyYnQi8A-00076-00021507-00021691 In the case of Mr. O'Toole, he, +zz6YyYnQi8A-00077-00021693-00021978 his party promised during debates over that bill +zz6YyYnQi8A-00078-00021979-00022244 that if the, if the government didn't strengthen it, +zz6YyYnQi8A-00079-00022245-00022412 if the Trudeau government didn't strengthen it, +zz6YyYnQi8A-00080-00022435-00022590 that his party would. +zz6YyYnQi8A-00081-00022592-00022956 We'd like him to, to stand behind that pledge now +zz6YyYnQi8A-00082-00022958-00023264 and, uh, and tell voters, uh, with disabilities +zz6YyYnQi8A-00083-00023266-00023425 that if he's elected, he'll do that. +zz6YyYnQi8A-00084-00023426-00023743 As for Mr. Trudeau, he promised an ambitious, +zz6YyYnQi8A-00085-00023769-00024058 uh, implementation of the Act, uh, two years ago, +zz6YyYnQi8A-00086-00024059-00024284 but they've been dragging their feet ever since. +zz6YyYnQi8A-00087-00024323-00024786 And, and, uh, in this election, we'd like to, uh, see him do better +zz6YyYnQi8A-00088-00024788-00025033 than that vague promise that we've already seen broken. +zz6YyYnQi8A-00089-00025072-00025261 [host] Uh, Thea, I wanna go back to something that you said +zz6YyYnQi8A-00090-00025262-00025458 because, you know, it's many disabilities, +zz6YyYnQi8A-00091-00025460-00025612 as you said, are invisible, like your own. +zz6YyYnQi8A-00092-00025635-00025804 Um, trying to wrap my head around it. +zz6YyYnQi8A-00093-00025806-00026023 What's the best way for government to support people +zz6YyYnQi8A-00094-00026049-00026223 with non-obvious disabilities? +zz6YyYnQi8A-00095-00026224-00026620 I mean, if we can't see it, how can we, um, how can we be an ally? +zz6YyYnQi8A-00096-00026741-00026987 [Thea] Well, as I was saying, we've known for 20 years, +zz6YyYnQi8A-00097-00026989-00027141 at least for the built environment, +zz6YyYnQi8A-00098-00027142-00027312 and that's not the only aspect for accessibility, +zz6YyYnQi8A-00099-00027313-00027614 as David constantly talks about and, and I support. +zz6YyYnQi8A-00100-00027616-00027906 I, if you're thinking about disability, +zz6YyYnQi8A-00101-00027908-00028194 and the international symbol of disability is a person in a wheelchair, +zz6YyYnQi8A-00102-00028218-00028504 uh, naturally, you're not thinking about people who are autistic, +zz6YyYnQi8A-00103-00028506-00028752 have environmental sensitivities, have dementia. +zz6YyYnQi8A-00104-00028802-00028976 We know how to fix those things. +zz6YyYnQi8A-00105-00028977-00029264 We've got really good robust, uh, standards +zz6YyYnQi8A-00106-00029266-00029427 that've been developed over the last 20 years, +zz6YyYnQi8A-00107-00029429-00029684 that consulted with people with a lived experience, +zz6YyYnQi8A-00108-00029712-00029984 that used evidence-based design and research. +zz6YyYnQi8A-00109-00030025-00030324 So how do we create environments that are not toxic, +zz6YyYnQi8A-00110-00030358-00030632 uh, that are actually accommodating to people who are blind, +zz6YyYnQi8A-00111-00030670-00031051 deafblind, uh, or, uh, even the older population +zz6YyYnQi8A-00112-00031052-00031315 who have a multitude or intersection of disabilities +zz6YyYnQi8A-00113-00031344-00031652 like hearing loss, and vision loss, and arthritis, and bad backs. +zz6YyYnQi8A-00114-00031662-00031933 So there's, uh, it's good news because we can fix it. +zz6YyYnQi8A-00115-00031935-00032317 We just have to fix our legislation so that we can actually get there. +zz6YyYnQi8A-00116-00032355-00032529 [host] I want to thank you both for joining us today. +zz6YyYnQi8A-00117-00032531-00032687 These are important conversations to have. +zz6YyYnQi8A-00118-00032688-00033031 And, uh, uh, during an election campaign, all the more important. +zz6YyYnQi8A-00119-00033033-00033262 So thank you so much for sharing your, your thoughts today. +zz6YyYnQi8A-00120-00033321-00033486 [David] Thanks so much. +zAYBQtzXipy-00000-00000000-00000846 Ay yo everyone listen up! Our band has now a song out. Called Besmirch: "Long Lost Harbour" +zAYBQtzXipy-00001-00000846-00001332 out on Spotify, YouTube whatever the [__] I don't know which platforms it's all on... You +zAYBQtzXipy-00002-00001332-00002022 can listen to it, like it, share it - Listen to our song - "Long Lost Harbour" Now Out! +zAYBQtzXipy-00003-00002568-00002658 [Music] (LLH) +zB-4ZjfOi1g-00000-00000406-00000654 Let's talk about the squat jump with the ZIVA Weight Vest. +zB-4ZjfOi1g-00001-00000654-00001053 What we are going to do is sit down into a squatted position and then as best +zB-4ZjfOi1g-00002-00001053-00001493 you can, give yourself a jump. If thats a light jump, thats fine but if +zB-4ZjfOi1g-00003-00001493-00002115 you can get to a max vertical in that jump. If you don't feel comfortable +zB-4ZjfOi1g-00004-00002115-00002550 jumping or it is difficult for you, you can squat +zB-4ZjfOi1g-00005-00002553-00002980 and then get up on the toes. It is going to be beneficial for you to use your arms +zB-4ZjfOi1g-00006-00002980-00003407 to load that frontal part of the body as well as sinking into the hip +zB-4ZjfOi1g-00007-00003407-00003860 as you drive that squat. That is your squat jump with the ZIVA Weight Vest. +zC8iRgKAKQk-00000-00000700-00001030 My name is Kakou Galea Eric, I'm from the Ivory Coast. +zC8iRgKAKQk-00001-00001060-00001430 I was born in 1987. +zC8iRgKAKQk-00002-00001490-00002039 I've been in Tunisia since March 16, 2017. +zC8iRgKAKQk-00003-00002260-00002860 I came with the goal of studying here. +zC8iRgKAKQk-00004-00003020-00003520 Now I'm working informally in the construction sector. +zC8iRgKAKQk-00005-00004060-00004658 As you can see, the market is full of Subsaharian immigrants +zC8iRgKAKQk-00006-00004694-00004794 Weekly market Borj Louzir, Ariana (Greater Tunis) +zC8iRgKAKQk-00007-00004830-00005170 because it's the most inexpensive market. +zC8iRgKAKQk-00008-00005200-00006020 It's half as expensive as supermarkets. +zC8iRgKAKQk-00009-00006200-00006500 For someone who makes 400 dinars a month, +zC8iRgKAKQk-00010-00006540-00006820 he has to clothe and feed himself. +zC8iRgKAKQk-00011-00006830-00007080 Where can he go? He can't shop at the supermarket. +zC8iRgKAKQk-00012-00007100-00007640 He shops at the market which is less expensive. +zC8iRgKAKQk-00013-00007680-00007990 When merchants here see us, they sell to us at prices +zC8iRgKAKQk-00014-00008000-00008360 that are different from prices for Tunisians. Because of the language: +zC8iRgKAKQk-00015-00008400-00008980 when he speaks to you in a language you don't understand, he can sell at double price. +zC8iRgKAKQk-00016-00009020-00009700 Come over here! [speaking in Dioula language] +zC8iRgKAKQk-00017-00009760-00010040 That's my girlfriend over there. +zC8iRgKAKQk-00018-00010550-00010740 Hi, good evening. +zC8iRgKAKQk-00019-00011010-00011120 How are you? +zC8iRgKAKQk-00020-00011200-00011400 This is my girlfriend. +zC8iRgKAKQk-00021-00011420-00011700 She's come to work at the market. Buy some gloves! +zC8iRgKAKQk-00022-00013319-00013860 It's not that we refuse to regularize our situation; we want to. +zC8iRgKAKQk-00023-00013900-00014300 But the conditions for regularizing status don't allow us to do so. +zC8iRgKAKQk-00024-00014360-00015010 Take my situation, for example. I began working. +zC8iRgKAKQk-00025-00015100-00015580 My boss refuses to provide me with a work certificate. +zC8iRgKAKQk-00026-00015619-00016130 He tells me that employing me is also a risk for him. +zC8iRgKAKQk-00027-00016160-00016580 He says there's a Tunisian law that forbids him from employing me +zC8iRgKAKQk-00028-00016600-00017040 So if he gives me a work contract, how is he going to justify it? +zC8iRgKAKQk-00029-00017080-00017330 As a result, he can't give me a work contract. +zC8iRgKAKQk-00030-00017360-00017860 In the meantime, my situation is still irregular +zC8iRgKAKQk-00031-00017860-00018200 because I don't have this paper that I need to provide +zC8iRgKAKQk-00032-00018260-00018580 in order to apply for a residency card. +zC8iRgKAKQk-00033-00018620-00018940 And I don't have the means to register as a student. +zC8iRgKAKQk-00034-00019020-00019330 In terms of the plan that I had worked out, +zC8iRgKAKQk-00035-00019350-00019710 I don't have the means to register as a student, so I can't get my card. +zC8iRgKAKQk-00036-00019730-00019930 So here I am. +zC8iRgKAKQk-00037-00019960-00020420 Do you have a residency card? - No, I don't have one. +zC8iRgKAKQk-00038-00020440-00020660 And what prevents you from having a residency card? +zC8iRgKAKQk-00039-00020680-00021000 I can't afford to get a residency card. +zC8iRgKAKQk-00040-00021040-00021420 For example? What is it that prevents you? +zC8iRgKAKQk-00041-00021500-00022020 It's a little expensive. It's expensive because my salary +zC8iRgKAKQk-00042-00022060-00022440 My salary goes to water, food, transport and all that. +zC8iRgKAKQk-00043-00022500-00022920 It's not enough to pay... - It's expensive? How much? +zC8iRgKAKQk-00044-00023000-00023600 When I asked, they told me around 700 or 800 dinars. +zC8iRgKAKQk-00045-00023620-00023920 Who did you ask? Who gave you that information? +zC8iRgKAKQk-00046-00023940-00024120 It's word of mouth, it's not official information. +zC8iRgKAKQk-00047-00024130-00024640 Did you ever go to a police station to ask about your situation? +zC8iRgKAKQk-00048-00024700-00025020 No, I'm afraid of the police. +zC8iRgKAKQk-00049-00025174-00025698 So you're afraid of the police because you might be repatriated? +zC8iRgKAKQk-00050-00026144-00026432 Deputy Executive Director, Association for Leadership and Development in Africa +zC8iRgKAKQk-00051-00026474-00026786 Tunisian authorities subject this immigrant population to exploitation, to traficking +zC8iRgKAKQk-00052-00026839-00027120 Because those who receive these workers, +zC8iRgKAKQk-00053-00027139-00027460 and who know that the law does not consider their rights +zC8iRgKAKQk-00054-00027500-00027950 that their work rights are not respected, so don't give them a work contract +zC8iRgKAKQk-00055-00027980-00028220 which stipulates conditions +zC8iRgKAKQk-00056-00028260-00028639 that neither the worker nor the employer will respect. +zC8iRgKAKQk-00057-00028660-00029050 Knowing that the worker is not protected, the employer +zC8iRgKAKQk-00058-00029080-00029380 automatically subjects him to exploitation. +zC8iRgKAKQk-00059-00029400-00029720 We had cases like this, where we have a worker +zC8iRgKAKQk-00060-00029739-00029980 who works for an entire month +zC8iRgKAKQk-00061-00030000-00030250 at the end of the month, he doesn't even receive 50% of his salary. +zC8iRgKAKQk-00062-00030320-00030750 So in Tunisia you have two groups of Subsaharians: +zC8iRgKAKQk-00063-00030780-00031239 those who are students and those who are not, +zC8iRgKAKQk-00064-00031320-00031660 so opinions will always be different. +zC8iRgKAKQk-00065-00031720-00032120 Also, not everyone is in the same situation. +zC8iRgKAKQk-00066-00032139-00032350 You'll never have 100% in the same boat. +zC8iRgKAKQk-00067-00032370-00032660 Some were victims, some were not. +zC8iRgKAKQk-00068-00032700-00033070 We can't have the same opinions, +zC8iRgKAKQk-00069-00033100-00033430 we can't all see things in the same way. +zC8iRgKAKQk-00070-00034100-00034600 It was in 2018, the month of August. +zC8iRgKAKQk-00071-00034620-00035230 In my neighborhood, about 200 meters from my house. +zC8iRgKAKQk-00072-00035280-00035500 I had left to visit a friend. +zC8iRgKAKQk-00073-00035600-00036000 Afterwards, around 9pm I was heading home. +zC8iRgKAKQk-00074-00036070-00036420 As I was coming out from my friend's house, right in front, +zC8iRgKAKQk-00075-00036480-00036760 just in front of the door, that's where I was assaulted. +zC8iRgKAKQk-00076-00036820-00037380 I was relieving myself... +zC8iRgKAKQk-00077-00037460-00037840 A group of people arrived at my friend's house, +zC8iRgKAKQk-00078-00037860-00038180 a group of young Tunisians arrived +zC8iRgKAKQk-00079-00038200-00038420 yelling "My friend, my friend!" +zC8iRgKAKQk-00080-00038500-00039020 Suddenly some turned towards me because I was shouting in Tunisian, +zC8iRgKAKQk-00081-00039040-00039440 "What's wrong, my friend?" Since he saw me shouting, +zC8iRgKAKQk-00082-00039480-00039780 the guy started to go away. +zC8iRgKAKQk-00083-00039780-00040080 They headed towards my friend, who felt threatened +zC8iRgKAKQk-00084-00040100-00040460 and tried to defend himself. That was a bad choice. +zC8iRgKAKQk-00085-00040500-00040920 They took out knives and threw stones. +zC8iRgKAKQk-00086-00040940-00041330 I wanted to see what was going on, +zC8iRgKAKQk-00087-00041340-00041720 I wanted to try and defend my friend +zC8iRgKAKQk-00088-00041760-00042000 when one of them came out from behind +zC8iRgKAKQk-00089-00042020-00042330 and cut me across the face. +zC8iRgKAKQk-00090-00042340-00042550 It was dark, so I don't know where he came from, +zC8iRgKAKQk-00091-00042580-00042810 but I know he came out from behind me. +zC8iRgKAKQk-00092-00042830-00043250 He cut me, I felt the blood running from my face. +zC8iRgKAKQk-00093-00043270-00043680 That's all I saw. After that, I couldn't see what happened. +zC8iRgKAKQk-00094-00043700-00044180 When we arrived at the hospital, the doctors on duty that day +zC8iRgKAKQk-00095-00044200-00044660 personally, I didn't appreciate their attitude. +zC8iRgKAKQk-00096-00044680-00045240 When we arrived, I was bleeding, my friend even more than me. +zC8iRgKAKQk-00097-00045280-00045840 The doctor in charge asked him to do a medical examination. +zC8iRgKAKQk-00098-00045880-00046380 I asked the doctor, what sort of medical examination? +zC8iRgKAKQk-00099-00046400-00046660 He said, without a medical examination I can't touch him. +zC8iRgKAKQk-00100-00046680-00046920 I asked him, but how much does a medical exam cost? +zC8iRgKAKQk-00101-00046940-00047240 He told us an exam costs 500 dinars. +zC8iRgKAKQk-00102-00047260-00047520 We need two exams, that means 1000 dinars for the night. +zC8iRgKAKQk-00103-00047560-00047860 We need to pay 1000 dinars for the night +zC8iRgKAKQk-00104-00047880-00048420 in order to get bandages and be treated. +zC8iRgKAKQk-00105-00048520-00049140 I told him, sorry, but 1000 dinars? We were attacked! +zC8iRgKAKQk-00106-00049180-00049540 I'm telling you we were attacked, and you're asking for 1000 dinars? +zC8iRgKAKQk-00107-00049600-00049920 So without 1000 dinars you can't even touch us? He said no. +zC8iRgKAKQk-00108-00049940-00050220 I asked him, Sir, what was the oath you took? +zC8iRgKAKQk-00109-00050240-00050700 He responded that he isn't responsible for managing patients' social problems. +zC8iRgKAKQk-00110-00050740-00051040 Those who come with the goal of realizing life plans, +zC8iRgKAKQk-00111-00051060-00051420 those who come countries that have diplomatic ties with Tunisia +zC8iRgKAKQk-00112-00051440-00051679 also benefit from the 3 month period. +zC8iRgKAKQk-00113-00051700-00052279 Once they surpass those 3 months, they inevitably find themselves in an irregular situation. +zC8iRgKAKQk-00114-00052320-00052560 Why? When they get a job +zC8iRgKAKQk-00115-00052600-00052920 in construction or agriculture for example, +zC8iRgKAKQk-00116-00052940-00053460 The laws in place that regulate work +zC8iRgKAKQk-00117-00053479-00053979 don't allow the worker to obtain a proper work contract. +zC8iRgKAKQk-00118-00054000-00054379 As a result, he cannot include this document in his application for a residency card +zC8iRgKAKQk-00119-00054400-00054760 in order to obtain a worker's residency card. +zC8iRgKAKQk-00120-00054800-00055140 And so he finds himself working illegally. +zC8iRgKAKQk-00121-00055279-00055560 How long have you been in Tunisia? +zC8iRgKAKQk-00122-00055579-00055820 Almost 2 years. +zC8iRgKAKQk-00123-00055860-00056060 How did you get here? +zC8iRgKAKQk-00124-00056120-00056579 I came through a guy, +zC8iRgKAKQk-00125-00056620-00056820 he's the one who brought me here. +zC8iRgKAKQk-00126-00056860-00057060 What did he say to get you to come here? +zC8iRgKAKQk-00127-00057100-00057460 He didn't tell me anything really exceptional. +zC8iRgKAKQk-00128-00057479-00057760 But he's the kind of person who lies to people. +zC8iRgKAKQk-00129-00057800-00058020 He lied to you? That life in Tunisia is good... +zC8iRgKAKQk-00130-00058060-00058270 Yes, that it would be a fast way to get to Europe. +zC8iRgKAKQk-00131-00058300-00058579 That's what motivated me. +zC8iRgKAKQk-00132-00058579-00058860 So the plan was to go to Europe. That's right. +zC8iRgKAKQk-00133-00058879-00059120 So the guy says that if you stay here... +zC8iRgKAKQk-00134-00059140-00059479 The penalty would be easy to pay. In any case, it's not easy. +zC8iRgKAKQk-00135-00059500-00059860 The penalty is not easy to pay. +zC8iRgKAKQk-00136-00059900-00060240 So when you came here, you paid the money to come. +zC8iRgKAKQk-00137-00060300-00060620 Yes I paid, I paid 500 thousand CFA francs to come here. +zC8iRgKAKQk-00138-00060640-00060950 500 thousand CFA francs to come here. After that did you start working for yourself? +zC8iRgKAKQk-00139-00060960-00061260 No, I spent almost 5 months. +zC8iRgKAKQk-00140-00061300-00061550 The contract was for 5 months? You worked 5 months without pay? +zC8iRgKAKQk-00141-00061560-00061700 Yes, without salary. +zC8iRgKAKQk-00142-00061720-00062020 Since you've been in Tunisia, you've never been victim to... +zC8iRgKAKQk-00143-00062040-00062240 Yes, I was robbed once. +zC8iRgKAKQk-00144-00062279-00062900 Were you ever insulted? A number of times, my friend. We even had water thrown on us. +zC8iRgKAKQk-00145-00062920-00063400 Once, we refused to get into the taxi van, +zC8iRgKAKQk-00146-00063440-00063840 so they threw water us. Others simply see us and insult us. +zC8iRgKAKQk-00147-00063900-00064120 And when they insult you, what do they say? +zC8iRgKAKQk-00148-00064200-00064840 I can't say. I can't repeat the insults. +zC8iRgKAKQk-00149-00064879-00065160 It's not easy. They see us as prostitutes. +zC8iRgKAKQk-00150-00065179-00065520 They look at you and offer 20 dinars, 10 dinars. +zC8iRgKAKQk-00151-00065540-00065920 They harrass you. They offer you 10 dinars-- +zC8iRgKAKQk-00152-00065930-00066220 --to make love. That's it. +zC8iRgKAKQk-00153-00066300-00066560 When you have a problem in your neighborhood, +zC8iRgKAKQk-00154-00066580-00066860 you go to the closest police station, right? +zC8iRgKAKQk-00155-00066880-00067220 That's right. I had a problem so I went to the closest police station, +zC8iRgKAKQk-00156-00067260-00067500 I was told to go to another station +zC8iRgKAKQk-00157-00067540-00067960 I get to the other station, they tell me to go to the one I just came from. +zC8iRgKAKQk-00158-00068000-00068320 At that point you don't know what to do, +zC8iRgKAKQk-00159-00068360-00068560 you're forced to forget about the problem. +zC8iRgKAKQk-00160-00068620-00069040 Do you know anyone else in an irregular situation +zC8iRgKAKQk-00161-00069080-00069400 who filed a complaint against a citizen, +zC8iRgKAKQk-00162-00069420-00069800 against a Tunisian, and who won the case? +zC8iRgKAKQk-00163-00069820-00070220 No, I've never seen such a case. When you don't have a legal status, +zC8iRgKAKQk-00164-00070260-00070560 you're afraid to go to the police. +zC8iRgKAKQk-00165-00070600-00071100 Why? When you go to the police, they'll ask you for papers. +zC8iRgKAKQk-00166-00071120-00071300 You don't have papers, so how can you get help from the police? +zC8iRgKAKQk-00167-00071320-00071620 So you're afraid, you can't ask help from the police. +zC8iRgKAKQk-00168-00071640-00071860 Ok. Thank you very much. +zC8iRgKAKQk-00169-00073340-00073480 Hi, my friend! +zC8iRgKAKQk-00170-00073500-00073800 How's it going, my friend? How are you? +zC8iRgKAKQk-00171-00073840-00074100 How much, my friend? The hoody? +zC8iRgKAKQk-00172-00074180-00074400 This hoody. How much? 4 dinars. +zC8iRgKAKQk-00173-00074420-00074720 4 dinars? Ok, thank you. +zC8iRgKAKQk-00174-00074740-00075000 Thank you, my friend. He's your friend? +zC8iRgKAKQk-00175-00075020-00075440 He's not my friend, but it's the word they chose +zC8iRgKAKQk-00176-00075460-00075720 to call us "my friend" because for them... +zC8iRgKAKQk-00177-00075760-00076140 Some accept us, others have a different opinion. +zC8iRgKAKQk-00178-00076200-00076480 Some have a different opinion, while others who accept us +zC8iRgKAKQk-00179-00076500-00076760 call us "my friend" to express their sympathy, +zC8iRgKAKQk-00180-00076780-00077100 sometimes to show how much they like us. +zEx6dm9JiGY-00001-00005146-00005346 Hello Friends, Welcome back to the Motor Torsion. +zEx6dm9JiGY-00002-00005859-00006135 Today, we will discuss about the Nissan Magnite and Renault Kiger. +zEx6dm9JiGY-00003-00006522-00008021 we will tell you 5 Reasons ,why you should buy Nissan Magnite over Renault Kiger. +zFTF8NYZF1c-00000-00001032-00001592 This talk on Lesia Ukrainka will be in two parts. After a brief personal introduction, +zFTF8NYZF1c-00001-00001592-00002160 the first talk is going to focus on the writer's family background in its historical context and on +zFTF8NYZF1c-00002-00002160-00002696 the social cultural and political realities which shaped Ukrainka's life and vocation. +zFTF8NYZF1c-00003-00002832-00003320 Part 2, which will be available on June 8th, will deal with the writer's literary works +zFTF8NYZF1c-00004-00003320-00003615 and with her struggle against increasingly severe illness. +zFTF8NYZF1c-00005-00003728-00004176 Throughout, I will refer to my subject interchangeably as Larysa Kosach -- her +zFTF8NYZF1c-00006-00004176-00004896 given name -- and as Lesia Ukrainka, the pen name she adopted. A written version of my talk +zFTF8NYZF1c-00007-00004896-00005392 with footnotes and a list of Ukrainka's works will be available through Back Lane Studios +zFTF8NYZF1c-00008-00005608-00005944 I will be using Ukrainian rather than Russian place names throughout; +zFTF8NYZF1c-00009-00006008-00006652 for example, Kyiv (KAY-eew) not Kiev (Kee-Eff) and Dnipro (Dnee-PRO) not Dnieper (DNYEH-per). +zFTF8NYZF1c-00010-00006840-00007184 A Rage of Fire: Lesia Ukrainka +zFTF8NYZF1c-00011-00007384-00007840 If you've ever visited Toronto's High Park and walked along the southern stretch of Colburn +zFTF8NYZF1c-00012-00007840-00008520 Lodge Drive, then you have met Lesia Ukrainka. Or at least you walked past a version of her +zFTF8NYZF1c-00013-00008520-00009168 in the form of Mykhaylo Chereshniovsky's larger-than-life bronze statue erected 47 +zFTF8NYZF1c-00014-00009168-00009816 years ago on a plinth of black granite. But perhaps you never did notice Lesia's statue, +zFTF8NYZF1c-00015-00009816-00010344 fenced off and hidden away as it is among the evergreens. You may, of course, have stopped to +zFTF8NYZF1c-00016-00010344-00010848 read the explanatory plaque fastened to the fence informing you of the remarkable facts +zFTF8NYZF1c-00017-00010848-00011416 of Ukrainka's life, but then again, how many of us do take time to read explanatory plaques? +zFTF8NYZF1c-00018-00011504-00011888 Especially if you can't make much of a connection between the words on the plaque, +zFTF8NYZF1c-00019-00011888-00012528 the dark sculpted figure hidden several metres away and the person who inspired them. Now I +zFTF8NYZF1c-00020-00012528-00013152 want you to imagine that you decided to flout High Park's rules, hop over the fence and make your way +zFTF8NYZF1c-00021-00013272-00013832 to the statue. There you encounter a second fence, this one made of black-painted iron railings. +zFTF8NYZF1c-00022-00013888-00014488 Unlatching the very stubborn gate, you walk inside; the first thing to meet your eyes +zFTF8NYZF1c-00023-00014488-00015160 is the plinth on which you notice inscriptions in two languages, English and a foreign tongue +zFTF8NYZF1c-00024-00015336-00015952 written in a foreign alphabet. Let's assume you don't read, even if you recognize, Cyrillic, +zFTF8NYZF1c-00025-00015952-00016088 so you stick with the English: +zFTF8NYZF1c-00026-00016088-00016936 Lesya Ukrainka, The Greatest Ukrainian Poetess. Curious, you stand back to stare up at this +zFTF8NYZF1c-00027-00016936-00017560 queenly bronze woman, her draperies like those of a Byzantine Madonna, her face both stern +zFTF8NYZF1c-00028-00017560-00018152 and serene. But the sculptor has humanized -- or should we say feminized -- this monumental +zFTF8NYZF1c-00029-00018152-00018888 figure by giving her a posy of flowers to hold, flowers that seem to whisper that word "poetess." +zFTF8NYZF1c-00030-00019096-00019780 But what about the flesh and blood sealed inside the bronze? I always thought I knew Lesia Ukrainka +zFTF8NYZF1c-00031-00019780-00020256 -- knew her with the certainty you feel you do know someone first encountered in your childhood. +zFTF8NYZF1c-00032-00020368-00021024 I'd often encountered the faces of Ukrainka's male counterparts -- poet and painter Tara Shevchenko +zFTF8NYZF1c-00033-00021024-00021656 and prose writer Ivan Franko -- on the walls of church basements, or hung in the dining hall at +zFTF8NYZF1c-00034-00021656-00022160 Oakville's Camp Kyiv, where my sister and I spent several summers in our pre-adolescence. +zFTF8NYZF1c-00035-00022248-00022856 In my ignorance, or should I say, irreverence, I'd secretly named those great patriotic figures +zFTF8NYZF1c-00036-00022856-00023512 Shevchenko and Franko the "moustache men" because their facial hair featured so prominently in their +zFTF8NYZF1c-00037-00023512-00024160 portraits, giving them what I would now call a patriarchal air. I'm afraid I associated them +zFTF8NYZF1c-00038-00024160-00024696 with the Kommandant at Camp Kyiv, who, when we were assembled at the flagpole to raise the blue +zFTF8NYZF1c-00039-00024696-00025296 and yellow banner of Ukraine, would strike the insides of my knock-knees with his swagger stick, +zFTF8NYZF1c-00040-00025352-00026080 as if reproaching my very bones for not paying reverent enough attention. Shevchenko, of course, +zFTF8NYZF1c-00041-00026080-00026776 is Ukraine's national poet, the Kobzar or Bard who endured a decade of harsh exile before dying in +zFTF8NYZF1c-00042-00026776-00027424 1861: Franko was the first Ukrainian writer to be nominated for the Nobel prize in literature +zFTF8NYZF1c-00043-00027424-00027744 and had he not died in the year of his nomination, 1916, he might have won. +zFTF8NYZF1c-00044-00027880-00028576 Alongside their portraits would sometimes hang a likeness of Lesia Ukrainka: forbidding +zFTF8NYZF1c-00045-00028576-00029360 and utterly withholding, her lips compressed, her hair pulled sternly from her face. +zFTF8NYZF1c-00046-00029472-00029976 Staring up at her, I felt she wouldn't suffer children gladly, especially spoiled +zFTF8NYZF1c-00047-00029976-00030527 Canadian Ukrainian children oblivious to the sufferings of captive, faraway Ukraine. +zFTF8NYZF1c-00048-00030583-00031152 In fact the title of her only work for children, What Adversity Teaches, is rather daunting. +zFTF8NYZF1c-00049-00031360-00031872 During our summers in the 1960s at Camp Kyiv my sister and my friends and I rebelled +zFTF8NYZF1c-00050-00031872-00032408 against having to learn by rote yards of patriotic Ukrainian verse -- verse to be, +zFTF8NYZF1c-00051-00032408-00033128 not recited but declaimed in the ringing tones adopted by the adults who taught us. Those adults +zFTF8NYZF1c-00052-00033128-00033712 were mostly wartime DPs, Displaced Persons, who had been forcibly transported from Nazi-invaded +zFTF8NYZF1c-00053-00033712-00034392 Ukraine to perform slave labour in Germany and then came to Canada when the war was over. +zFTF8NYZF1c-00054-00034496-00034976 We children knew about DPs in an abstract way, and thought of their traumatic situation as +zFTF8NYZF1c-00055-00034976-00035568 something rooted in the distant past. Little did I know then that all through the 1960s, +zFTF8NYZF1c-00056-00035568-00036072 the situation in Ukraine, that is, the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic, +zFTF8NYZF1c-00057-00036072-00036792 was dire. I knew that it was subordinate to Moscow and relentlessly Russified, but I only learned +zFTF8NYZF1c-00058-00036792-00037360 years later that many artists intellectuals and ordinary people -- the Sixties' generation they +zFTF8NYZF1c-00059-00037360-00037784 were called -- had actively resisted the oppressive conditions forced upon them. +zFTF8NYZF1c-00060-00037840-00038344 Their insistence on speaking and working in the Ukrainian language and in the field of Ukrainian +zFTF8NYZF1c-00061-00038344-00038952 culture often meant arrest and imprisonment in gulags for what we might call culture crimes. +zFTF8NYZF1c-00062-00039224-00039832 This memorial plaque that you see here has an inscription that says, "In this building +zFTF8NYZF1c-00063-00039832-00040576 lived the painter and famous daughter of Ukraine, Alla Horska dates 1929 to 1970 +zFTF8NYZF1c-00064-00040656-00040928 who perished tragically in this building." +zFTF8NYZF1c-00065-00041248-00041736 In my adolescence I discovered things about Lesia Ukrainka that freed her from +zFTF8NYZF1c-00066-00041736-00042208 the prison of her portrait. I learned that she died young of tuberculosis and that she +zFTF8NYZF1c-00067-00042208-00042672 traveled to Egypt to try to palliate her illness. But I never attempted to learn +zFTF8NYZF1c-00068-00042672-00043312 who she was in the best possible way -- through reading her writing. My Ukrainian was sketchy +zFTF8NYZF1c-00069-00043312-00043712 and the translations available of her poetry sounded forced and archaic. +zFTF8NYZF1c-00070-00043832-00044208 Take for example the lines carved on the plinth of her statue in High Park, +zFTF8NYZF1c-00071-00044368-00044992 rendered in English as "By own hands freedom gained is freedom true/ By others freedom given +zFTF8NYZF1c-00072-00044992-00045680 is a captive's doom." I have recently found a more fluid and powerful version which, with some gender +zFTF8NYZF1c-00073-00045680-00046320 swapping, becomes, "Whoever frees herself will remain free, but whoever tries to free another +zFTF8NYZF1c-00074-00046320-00047056 takes her into captivity." But what really drew me to Ukrainka then was the fact of her life +zFTF8NYZF1c-00075-00047056-00047720 having been cut so short; the romance of that "artist's disease," tuberculosis. Here +zFTF8NYZF1c-00076-00047720-00048240 is a link with writers like John Keats and Emily Bronte, those beacons of the English Romantics. +zFTF8NYZF1c-00077-00048320-00048856 I even attempted an ode to Lesia Ukrainka which began -- in my complete ignorance of +zFTF8NYZF1c-00078-00048856-00049552 her formidable strength of will -- "Frail-winged poetess." What irks me now, more than the frailty +zFTF8NYZF1c-00079-00049552-00050088 I ascribed to her, was my unthinking adoption of that word "poetess," as carved into the +zFTF8NYZF1c-00080-00050088-00050704 plinth of her statue at High Park: not "a great Ukrainian poet," but "Ukraine's greatest poetess." +zFTF8NYZF1c-00081-00050800-00051224 In my adolescence I didn't even recognize "poetess" as a patronizing term, +zFTF8NYZF1c-00082-00051224-00051752 although I did register the fact that a mere woman had accomplished enough in her 42 years +zFTF8NYZF1c-00083-00051752-00052255 of life to earn a place on the ethnocultural wall of fame alongside the moustache men: +zFTF8NYZF1c-00084-00052312-00052928 to earn a kind of immortality. But it's only now that I've truly become acquainted with +zFTF8NYZF1c-00085-00052928-00053448 this astonishing 19th-century woman who, like England's Elizabeth Barrett Browning, +zFTF8NYZF1c-00086-00053448-00054055 wrote forceful political poetry and who, like George Eliot and George Sand, created a public +zFTF8NYZF1c-00087-00054055-00054624 name and persona for herself quite different from the private name into which she was born. +zFTF8NYZF1c-00088-00054728-00055391 Lesia Ukrainka means, in English, "Lesia the Ukrainian Woman." This nom de plume was +zFTF8NYZF1c-00089-00055391-00056184 chosen for Larysa Kosach by her mother when 13-year-old Larysa published her first poem. +zFTF8NYZF1c-00090-00056184-00056640 Larysa's mother, Olha Drahomanio Kosach, +zFTF8NYZF1c-00091-00056640-00057208 an active feminist, was herself the possessor of a nom de plume -- Olena Pchilka -- under +zFTF8NYZF1c-00092-00057208-00057544 which she published poems and ethnography, translated both +zFTF8NYZF1c-00093-00057544-00058088 adult and children's literature and edited the journal Ridniy Krai (or Native Land). +zFTF8NYZF1c-00094-00058304-00058944 Larysa Kosach was not born into an immiserated peasant family, as was Tara Shevchenko, or even +zFTF8NYZF1c-00095-00058944-00059560 into a well-to-do farming family, as was Ivan Franko, but instead into the upper bourgeoisie. +zFTF8NYZF1c-00096-00059632-00060160 Her parents were highly educated, highly cultured people, wealthy enough to have an +zFTF8NYZF1c-00097-00060160-00060679 estate at which they spent their summers and to have their six children privately educated. +zFTF8NYZF1c-00098-00060752-00061224 They were also important members of the Ukrainian intelligentsia of their time and place. +zFTF8NYZF1c-00099-00061424-00061896 Although many charming childhood photographs exist of Larysa and her siblings +zFTF8NYZF1c-00100-00061896-00062496 dressed in Ukrainian folk costume, it's clear from other photos that the Kosach family +zFTF8NYZF1c-00101-00062496-00063312 were very much 19th century urban people: they were the fashions that were current in Paris or +zFTF8NYZF1c-00102-00063312-00063920 London or St Petersburg, and they were much more at home with pen and paper than scythe and sickle +zFTF8NYZF1c-00103-00064144-00064736 Yet their occasional adoption of folk costume was by no means an affectation: rather it was part of +zFTF8NYZF1c-00104-00064736-00065391 a general European neo-romantic revival in which the narod or peasantry -- what Germans referred to +zFTF8NYZF1c-00105-00065391-00065968 as das Volk -- were idealized as the keepers of authentic national values and traditions, +zFTF8NYZF1c-00106-00065968-00066440 most prominently spoken language, folk songs and dances, legends and +zFTF8NYZF1c-00107-00066440-00066896 fairy tales, and vocal or instrumental music. To dress in the traditional costume of the Kosach's +zFTF8NYZF1c-00108-00066896-00067528 home region, Vohlynia or Volyn', and to speak that region's dialect; to learn the intricate +zFTF8NYZF1c-00109-00067528-00068152 embroidery stitches as well as the songs and stories of Volhyn's peasants were acts of cultural +zFTF8NYZF1c-00110-00068152-00068856 piety and continuance as well as defiance. It was for a similar reason, I now realize, that +zFTF8NYZF1c-00111-00068856-00069432 while my friends at Canadian summer camps called Oconto or Pathfinder learned to paddle canoes, +zFTF8NYZF1c-00112-00069488-00070064 my friends and I sat under the oak trees at Camp Kyiv, that quasi replica of a Ukrainian village, +zFTF8NYZF1c-00113-00070064-00070456 torturing scraps of unbleached linen with our feeble attempts at cross stitch. +zFTF8NYZF1c-00114-00070536-00071128 As for Larysa Kosach, she became an expert embroiderer. In her later life, +zFTF8NYZF1c-00115-00071128-00071584 when she was in too much pain to be able to write, she would take up her embroidery. +zFTF8NYZF1c-00116-00071768-00072304 So what was she like as a child, as an adolescent, as an adult? Certainly she +zFTF8NYZF1c-00117-00072304-00072840 was much loved and loving hers was a close-knit family in which parents and children spent a +zFTF8NYZF1c-00118-00072840-00073416 great deal of time together, children not only being seen but being expected to be heard from. +zFTF8NYZF1c-00119-00073552-00073952 Because their parents wanted them educated in Ukrainian, not Russian, +zFTF8NYZF1c-00120-00073952-00074384 Lesia and her siblings were not sent away to boarding schools to begin their formal education. +zFTF8NYZF1c-00121-00074560-00074928 In Lesia's case there was an equally pressing reason for keeping her at home: +zFTF8NYZF1c-00122-00074992-00075440 from her 10th year onward she was the prey of tuberculosis of the bone. +zFTF8NYZF1c-00123-00075576-00076016 At first only her right foot was affected with spasms of severe pain; +zFTF8NYZF1c-00124-00076016-00076544 later it was the bones of the palm of her left hand, and then the disease reached a point +zFTF8NYZF1c-00125-00076544-00077184 in which she had to spend months in bed with both arms and her left foot in plaster casts. +zFTF8NYZF1c-00126-00077264-00077680 Many artists have had childhood illnesses severe enough to keep them bedridden, +zFTF8NYZF1c-00127-00077680-00078400 experiencing life through printed pictures and the pages of books. This was certainly true of Larysa +zFTF8NYZF1c-00128-00078400-00079112 Kosach: tales of chivalry and enchantment were the source of her idealism, her fascination with +zFTF8NYZF1c-00129-00079112-00079680 "noble failure"-- for example the vanquished knight who even at the point of death refuses +zFTF8NYZF1c-00130-00079680-00080384 to surrender. Her precocity was multi-faceted: she learned to read at the age of four +zFTF8NYZF1c-00131-00080384-00080904 and she gave early signs of being intensely musical; a gifted student of the piano she +zFTF8NYZF1c-00132-00080904-00081416 had to give it up forever when she underwent an operation on her left hand when she was 12. +zFTF8NYZF1c-00133-00081504-00081952 She later confessed that she might have been a better musician than poet; in any case, +zFTF8NYZF1c-00134-00081952-00082560 she retained her passion for all forms of music. After her death her husband transcribed and +zFTF8NYZF1c-00135-00082560-00083280 edited a two-volume collection of over 200 folk melodies that she had sung to him from memory +zFTF8NYZF1c-00136-00083512-00083992 During periods of remission Larysa enjoyed the company of her siblings during long stays in +zFTF8NYZF1c-00137-00083992-00084504 the countryside near their family estate. She idolized her elder brother Mykhaylo; +zFTF8NYZF1c-00138-00084560-00085000 the two remained inseparable even after he left home to study at a prestigious +zFTF8NYZF1c-00139-00085000-00085656 gymnasium, our equivalent of high school. In 1885 Larysa and Mykhaylo collaborated on a +zFTF8NYZF1c-00140-00085656-00086376 Ukrainian translation of Gogol; in 1888 when Larysa was 17 and her brother 19, +zFTF8NYZF1c-00141-00086376-00086984 they organized a literary circle called Pleyada (The Pleiades), focusing on Ukrainian literature +zFTF8NYZF1c-00142-00087048-00087696 and the translation of foreign language texts into Ukrainian. Mykhaylo became a mathematician +zFTF8NYZF1c-00143-00087696-00088352 and teacher of physics and meteorology at Kharkiv university, as well as a writer of short stories +zFTF8NYZF1c-00144-00088352-00089128 and a translator from Russian into Ukrainian. He died tragically young, aged only 34. Yet +zFTF8NYZF1c-00145-00089128-00089560 neither he nor his younger brother Mykola seemed to have received privileged treatment +zFTF8NYZF1c-00146-00089560-00090104 because of their gender. Their four sisters were educated to be their brothers' equals or more. +zFTF8NYZF1c-00147-00090168-00090624 And while Larysa was the most brilliant of the siblings and the greatest writer among them, +zFTF8NYZF1c-00148-00090624-00091128 her sisters led lives equally free of the intellectual curtailments imposed by +zFTF8NYZF1c-00149-00091128-00091800 femininity, all of them balancing marriage with the pursuit of a profession. Her younger sister +zFTF8NYZF1c-00150-00091800-00092400 Olha Kosach-Kryvyniuk became a physician as well as a translator and a writer focusing on +zFTF8NYZF1c-00151-00092400-00092968 the formation of Ukrainian national culture and identity. She was imprisoned for belonging to a +zFTF8NYZF1c-00152-00092968-00093544 secret Ukrainian society when she was a student at the St Petersburg Women's Medical Institute. +zFTF8NYZF1c-00153-00093632-00094160 A feminist, she insisted on a civil partnership with the man she fell in love with rather than +zFTF8NYZF1c-00154-00094160-00094864 a church-blessed wedding, much to her parents chagrin. Another of Larysa's sisters, Izydora, +zFTF8NYZF1c-00155-00094864-00095392 who, like her younger brother Mykola trained as an agronomist, became the longest lived of +zFTF8NYZF1c-00156-00095392-00096200 the siblings, dying in 1980 at the age of 92. And the youngest sister Oksana trained as an engineer +zFTF8NYZF1c-00157-00096200-00096760 and also translated from French into Ukrainian -- she studied in Lausanne and knew three other +zFTF8NYZF1c-00158-00096760-00097384 languages. Shortly after her marriage in 1908, she moved to Czechoslovakia with her husband, +zFTF8NYZF1c-00159-00097384-00097928 never living in Ukraine again but working as a translator at the Centre for Ukrainian Immigration +zFTF8NYZF1c-00160-00097928-00098704 in Prague. Olha and Petro Kosach were both supportive and demanding of their children, +zFTF8NYZF1c-00161-00098704-00099000 all of whom grew up to be fighters for the Ukrainian cause. +zFTF8NYZF1c-00162-00099088-00099648 They were a family in which the mother appears to have dominated; certainly Olha Kosach shaped +zFTF8NYZF1c-00163-00099648-00100240 her children's intellects and loyalties choosing their tutors, translating foreign-language works +zFTF8NYZF1c-00164-00100240-00100848 into Ukrainian for their studies, and critiquing and editing her daughter's poems. But Larysa was +zFTF8NYZF1c-00165-00100848-00101576 especially close to her father Petro. Of Bosnian ancestry, he was an ardent Ukrainophile who +zFTF8NYZF1c-00166-00101576-00102120 devoted much of his personal fortune to publishing works in Ukrainian language and to supporting +zFTF8NYZF1c-00167-00102120-00102776 Ukrainian scholars and cultural causes. Petro studied mathematics at university in St Petersburg +zFTF8NYZF1c-00168-00102776-00103335 before studying law in Kyiv -- both programs of study would have been taught in Russian only. +zFTF8NYZF1c-00169-00103448-00104056 Taking up an administrative post in the Tsarist bureaucracy in the oblast or region of Volhyn' +zFTF8NYZF1c-00170-00104056-00104735 did not prevent him from becoming a member of the Stara Hromada, or Old Society, "the centre of all +zFTF8NYZF1c-00171-00104735-00105464 social and cultural life of [Russian-controlled] Ukraine and which, from 1876 to 1890, headed the +zFTF8NYZF1c-00172-00105464-00106080 underground Ukrainian national movement. I will speak later about the reasons why secrecy and +zFTF8NYZF1c-00173-00106080-00106696 underground activity were essential; what I want to emphasize here is Larysa's appreciation of her +zFTF8NYZF1c-00174-00106696-00107335 father's quick wit and bent for irony: qualities that were not perhaps the strong suit of his wife. +zFTF8NYZF1c-00175-00107456-00108016 Father and daughter not only resembled each other physically but they also shared a strong belief in +zFTF8NYZF1c-00176-00108016-00108744 the inherent dignity of every human being whether child or adult; given their acute sense of honour, +zFTF8NYZF1c-00177-00108744-00109383 they stood up courageously for their beliefs and vigorously defended their principles +zFTF8NYZF1c-00178-00109544-00109959 Petro Kosach never suffered professionally for his Ukrainian sympathies, +zFTF8NYZF1c-00179-00109959-00110356 unlike his great friend and brother-in-law Mykhaylo Drahomanov, +zFTF8NYZF1c-00180-00110424-00111104 whom he met at university whose sister he married and who later became Larysa Kosach's most +zFTF8NYZF1c-00181-00111104-00111800 important mentor. Drahomanov was a colossus in the Ukrainian intelligentsia of the 19th century: +zFTF8NYZF1c-00182-00111856-00112592 a philosopher, ethnographer, economist, political theorist, translator and historian, he was also so +zFTF8NYZF1c-00183-00112592-00113232 persistent and prominent a champion of Ukrainian rights that he was forced into exile in 1876 +zFTF8NYZF1c-00184-00113232-00113808 when Larysa was only five years old. Her close, continuous relationship with him developed in +zFTF8NYZF1c-00185-00113808-00114440 her early teens and was carried on by letters. Her uncle Mykhaylo took over her mother's pedagogical +zFTF8NYZF1c-00186-00114440-00114983 role, sharpening his niece's critical faculties and encouraging her talents as a linguist: +zFTF8NYZF1c-00187-00115056-00115759 a student of ancient Greek and Latin, she also learned English, French, Italian, German and, +zFTF8NYZF1c-00188-00115759-00116424 of course, Russian, as well as other Slavic languages such as Polish and Bulgarian. Her +zFTF8NYZF1c-00189-00116424-00116935 uncle helped her to extend her literary knowledge so that she became familiar with a wide range +zFTF8NYZF1c-00190-00116935-00117576 of Western European writers, among them Heine, Shakespeare and Byron, Hugo and Ibsen, Ovid and +zFTF8NYZF1c-00191-00117576-00118264 Homer, Mickiewicz and Pushkin. Reading them in the originals, she went on to translate many of them +zFTF8NYZF1c-00192-00118264-00118872 into Ukrainian, as well as adapting foreign models to her own Ukrainian purposes. She read the Bible, +zFTF8NYZF1c-00193-00118872-00119520 Old and New Testaments with scholarly attention and also with a poet's appetite for imagery, story +zFTF8NYZF1c-00194-00119520-00120096 and phrasing. At her uncle's urging she also read a magisterial history of the Jewish +zFTF8NYZF1c-00195-00120096-00120856 people. Thus it was due to Drahomanov Lesia Ukrainka became an authentic cosmopolitan; +zFTF8NYZF1c-00196-00120920-00121408 moreover, his socialist politics were an equally strong influence on his "well-born" +zFTF8NYZF1c-00197-00121408-00122104 niece. When he was dying in Bulgaria, where he'd settled as a professor of pre-Hellenic history +zFTF8NYZF1c-00198-00122104-00122704 at the University of Sofia, the 23-year-old Larysa traveled to his home to be with him; +zFTF8NYZF1c-00199-00122776-00123408 characteristically he encouraged her to the very end to make use of his superb library. +zFTF8NYZF1c-00200-00123408-00124080 Presciently enough, she adopted his motto: "There are no other aims than those of all Europe; +zFTF8NYZF1c-00201-00124080-00124968 there are no other means." And now I am going to delve into a complicated history and fraught +zFTF8NYZF1c-00202-00124968-00125664 background because for anyone unfamiliar with Ukrainian history I need to show how Lesia's +zFTF8NYZF1c-00203-00125664-00126224 vocation was shaped by Ukraine's submerged existence as a colony of the Russian empire. +zFTF8NYZF1c-00204-00126472-00127135 That empire was immense, comprising nearly a sixth of the earth's landmass and stretching from +zFTF8NYZF1c-00205-00127135-00127720 Finland to Central Asia, from the Arctic Ocean and Bering Sea to the Black and Caspian seas, +zFTF8NYZF1c-00206-00127720-00128328 from the Siberian taiga to the plains of Mongolia, from the Urals in the near east to the Caucasus +zFTF8NYZF1c-00207-00128328-00128935 in the southwest and the Kolyma mountains in the northeast. The history of the country now called +zFTF8NYZF1c-00208-00128935-00129583 Ukraine -- Ukrainka -- is complex and conflicted: the same events have been interpreted or valued +zFTF8NYZF1c-00209-00129583-00130056 quite differently depending on whether the historian is Russian, Ukrainian or Polish, +zFTF8NYZF1c-00210-00130056-00130624 Christian, Muslim or Jewish. I'm approaching this topic from a Ukrainian point of view, +zFTF8NYZF1c-00211-00130624-00131168 though I'm cognizant of competing claims. I will have to simplify and inevitably be reductive, +zFTF8NYZF1c-00212-00131168-00131824 but I hope to give you some idea of the political, social and linguistic pressures under which Lesia +zFTF8NYZF1c-00213-00131824-00132480 Ukrainka came to maturity as an artist. As her nom de plume insists, writing, for this woman, +zFTF8NYZF1c-00214-00132480-00132960 was hardly a matter of mere self-expression or of a delightfully entertaining +zFTF8NYZF1c-00215-00133160-00133824 to jeu d'esprit: to use a term from 1950s France, Lesia Ukrainka -- Lesia the (in-you-Tsarist-face) +zFTF8NYZF1c-00216-00133824-00134632 Ukrainian -- was engagée. So let's begin with where she was born in the town of Zvya-hel, +zFTF8NYZF1c-00217-00134632-00135304 now Novohrad-Volynskyi in Volhyn' Oblast or region, Ukraine. Except that at the time of +zFTF8NYZF1c-00218-00135304-00136000 her birth in 1871, there was no country called Ukraine. The 19th Century was the great age of +zFTF8NYZF1c-00219-00136000-00136600 nationalisms and new nation states: 1871 was the year that the scattered principalities +zFTF8NYZF1c-00220-00136600-00137064 that had once been the Holy Roman Empire coalesced into the new state of Germany; +zFTF8NYZF1c-00221-00137168-00137656 it was also the year that the Risorgimento effected the consolidation of Italy. +zFTF8NYZF1c-00222-00137736-00138376 But in 1871, the vastness of the Russian Empire contained not Ukraine, but rather a +zFTF8NYZF1c-00223-00138376-00139240 south-central region called Malorossiya: Little Russia to the hegemonic Great Russia. The term +zFTF8NYZF1c-00224-00139240-00139816 Ukraine -- meaning borderland -- first appears in documents almost two and a half centuries before +zFTF8NYZF1c-00225-00139816-00140360 Larysa Kosach was born and pertained to lands which came to be known in the late 19th Century +zFTF8NYZF1c-00226-00140360-00141232 as the Hetmanate. It was founded in 1649 by the great Cossack leader or hetman Bohdan Khmelnytsky, +zFTF8NYZF1c-00227-00141232-00141824 who, it must be said, is no hero to the Poles whose lands he invaded or to the Jews subjected +zFTF8NYZF1c-00228-00141824-00142464 to the pogroms his military campaigns unleashed. But for Ukrainians he is the Great Liberator, +zFTF8NYZF1c-00229-00142544-00143096 and reproductions of a famous painting of Khmelnytsky triumphantly entering the Golden Gates +zFTF8NYZF1c-00230-00143096-00143784 of Kyiv used to hang in many of the Ukrainian homes I knew as a child. The polity he established +zFTF8NYZF1c-00231-00143784-00144384 covered a large area between the Ottoman empire and Tatar-ruled Crimea to the south, +zFTF8NYZF1c-00232-00144472-00145048 to well north of Kyiv and from Vinnytsia in the west to Poltava in the east: so that was +zFTF8NYZF1c-00233-00145048-00145984 about 80,000 square miles of Ukraine's current 603,700 square miles. His Hetmanate flourished +zFTF8NYZF1c-00234-00145984-00146576 for a brief eight years before constant civil wars ushered in a period known as "the Ruin." +zFTF8NYZF1c-00235-00146904-00147568 Under the leadership of a new Hetman, Ivan Mazeppa, who ruled from 1687 to 1708, +zFTF8NYZF1c-00236-00147568-00148280 stability and unity returned and the fine arts flowered, especially architecture and literature. +zFTF8NYZF1c-00237-00148392-00148968 But the Hetmanate was poised between competing great powers: Russia and Poland, with the Turks +zFTF8NYZF1c-00238-00148968-00149584 thrown in for good measure. An alliance between Russia and the Hetmanate appearing to be the +zFTF8NYZF1c-00239-00149584-00150128 only way to ward off the Poles, Khmelnytsky signed the Treaty of Perieslav with Russia. +zFTF8NYZF1c-00240-00150256-00150792 Recoiling from this constricting embrace, Mazeppa famously -- or infamously depending on your point +zFTF8NYZF1c-00241-00150792-00151416 of view -- switched his allegiance to Charles XII of Sweden; after Charles and Mazeppa were +zFTF8NYZF1c-00242-00151416-00152088 defeated at the battle of Poltava in 1709, Russia hounded and diminished the Hetmanate. +zFTF8NYZF1c-00243-00152232-00152696 Catherine the Great hammered the nails into the coffin by disbanding the Cossack Sich or +zFTF8NYZF1c-00244-00152696-00153612 proto-state in 1775; by 1781 the Hetmanate itself had become the Malorusskaya Gubernia +zFTF8NYZF1c-00245-00153672-00154184 or "Little Russian Governate," a colony of the Russian Empire. +zFTF8NYZF1c-00246-00154520-00155064 Nevertheless the Hetmanate became the basis for a modern Ukrainian nation. Lesia +zFTF8NYZF1c-00247-00155064-00155768 Urainka treats this watershed in Ukrainian history in her verse drama Boyarynya, whose hero Oksana +zFTF8NYZF1c-00248-00155768-00156352 is the daughter of a Cossack lord serving Hetman Petro Doroshenko. Oksana, who moves to +zFTF8NYZF1c-00249-00156352-00156944 Muscovy -- Russia -- with her Ukrainian husband Stepan, who has taken service with the Tsar, +zFTF8NYZF1c-00250-00156944-00157552 finds herself enmeshed in an increasingly imprisoning, patriarchal foreign world. She +zFTF8NYZF1c-00251-00157552-00158152 dies of grief at her homeland's defeat in battle with the Muscovite forces, a defeat in which her +zFTF8NYZF1c-00252-00158152-00158712 husband's betrayal of his own people through his passive loyalty to the Tsar plays its part. +zFTF8NYZF1c-00253-00158952-00159528 Lesia Ukrainka's choice of a couple from the nobility for her protagonists is significant +zFTF8NYZF1c-00254-00159528-00160168 given her own social origins. The emergence of a Ukrainian-identified nobility during the Hetmanate +zFTF8NYZF1c-00255-00160168-00160664 created a social class with the wealth and influence to encourage an enduring Ukrainian +zFTF8NYZF1c-00256-00160664-00161216 identity through the written and printed word. Some of the Hetmanate nobility went on to serve +zFTF8NYZF1c-00257-00161216-00161712 the Russian state, like Oksana's hapless husband; some ukrainian writers chose to +zFTF8NYZF1c-00258-00161712-00162304 make their career in the Russian language, as was the case of the great prose writer Mykola Hohol, +zFTF8NYZF1c-00259-00162360-00163040 known in Russian as Nikolai Gogol who left his Ukrainian father's and his Polish mother's estate +zFTF8NYZF1c-00260-00163040-00163792 to make his literary fortune as a Russian in the imperial capital, St Petersburg. It was from the +zFTF8NYZF1c-00261-00163792-00164592 Hetmanate's ossack nobility that Larysa's mother's family the Drahomanovs, derived -- Olha Drahomaniv +zFTF8NYZF1c-00262-00164592-00165216 (though none of her daughters) was a graduate of Kyiv's Academy for Young Ladies of the Nobility. +zFTF8NYZF1c-00263-00165328-00165696 When Larysa was in her early 20s, she moved with her family to Kyiv, +zFTF8NYZF1c-00264-00165696-00166240 to an area nicknamed "Parnassus" due to the number of cultural leaders living in the upscale +zFTF8NYZF1c-00265-00166240-00166896 neighborhood. By the 1890s the metropolis of Kyiv had become the third most important city +zFTF8NYZF1c-00266-00166896-00167456 in the Russian Empire, and possessed enormous prestige as the capital of Ancient Rus'. +zFTF8NYZF1c-00267-00167536-00168408 Kyiv -- Kiev to Russians -- is claimed as a mother city, or cradle of civilization by Russians and +zFTF8NYZF1c-00268-00168408-00169024 Belarusians, as well as by Ukrainians. Founded in the late 5th century by Slavic tribes and +zFTF8NYZF1c-00269-00169024-00169640 established as a major trading centre in the 9th century by Scandinavian adventurers from Novgorod, +zFTF8NYZF1c-00270-00169640-00170168 the walled and gated city on the great Dnipro river became a crucial trading hub and, +zFTF8NYZF1c-00271-00170168-00170584 with the conversion of the population to Greek Orthodox Christianity, +zFTF8NYZF1c-00272-00170584-00171152 a city of golden-domed churches and a centre of learning. The city's most revered +zFTF8NYZF1c-00273-00171152-00171792 monuments -- the 11th century cathedral of Saint or Sviata Sophia and the 10th century monastery +zFTF8NYZF1c-00274-00171792-00172400 of the Caves or Pecherska Lavra -- became pilgrimage sites flourishing despite periodic +zFTF8NYZF1c-00275-00172400-00173008 plundering by local raiders who were irresistibly drawn by the sheer wealth and splendor of Kyiv. +zFTF8NYZF1c-00276-00173240-00173888 Attacks by Tatar tribes and most devastatingly by the Mongol invasion of 1240 left the upper +zFTF8NYZF1c-00277-00173888-00174616 administrative section of the city in ruins and the lower commercial area desolate. After a period +zFTF8NYZF1c-00278-00174616-00175208 of revival under the Hetmanate, Kyiv sank back into decline until Russian money and influence +zFTF8NYZF1c-00279-00175208-00175648 poured into the city, which became a major administrative centre of the empire. +zFTF8NYZF1c-00280-00175760-00176184 In the mid 19th century, the sugar industry brought in enormous wealth. +zFTF8NYZF1c-00281-00176432-00176928 Mansions such as the famous house of the Chimeras on Bankovaya Street were built, +zFTF8NYZF1c-00282-00176928-00177384 as well as the palatial home which now houses the magnificent art museum left +zFTF8NYZF1c-00283-00177384-00178024 to the city by the Khanenkos, whose wealth and connoisseurship stemmed from the lowly sugar beet. +zFTF8NYZF1c-00284-00178128-00178728 Universities and colleges (all Russian-speaking), museums and art galleries were established; banks, +zFTF8NYZF1c-00285-00178728-00179344 libraries and an opera house appeared and in 1869-70, a railway line connected Kyiv with +zFTF8NYZF1c-00286-00179344-00180032 Moscow and Odessa. From the city's inhabitants, temporary or permanent, arose a formidable array +zFTF8NYZF1c-00287-00180032-00180560 of scientists scholars and artists many of them active during Larysa Kosach's lifetime. +zFTF8NYZF1c-00288-00180688-00181264 Many of them were Russian-affiliated in terms of culture and language like Mikhail Bulgakov, author +zFTF8NYZF1c-00289-00181264-00181848 of The Master and Margarita, or musician Vladimir Horowitz or aircraft designer Igor Sikorsky. +zFTF8NYZF1c-00290-00181920-00182472 Others like sculptor Oleksander Archipenko or filmmaker Oleksander Dovzhenko +zFTF8NYZF1c-00291-00182472-00183168 identified themselves as Ukrainian. The Russian Empire spawned a gigantic bureaucracy +zFTF8NYZF1c-00292-00183168-00183800 satirized by Gogol but powerful despite being a dead hand in relation to reforms and creativity +zFTF8NYZF1c-00293-00183912-00184496 Absolute rule -- the kind of Autocracy achieved in western Europe by figures like Louis 14th, +zFTF8NYZF1c-00294-00184496-00185008 the Sun King of Versailles -- was the backbone of Tsarist rule. It's true +zFTF8NYZF1c-00295-00185008-00185472 that the councillors of any given tsar or tsarina could manipulate and exploit a weak +zFTF8NYZF1c-00296-00185472-00186048 or unintelligent ruler but the two "Greats" of Russian history, Peter and Catherine, +zFTF8NYZF1c-00297-00186048-00186680 exerted draconian power over their lands and the lives of their subjects. Catherine, Prussian by +zFTF8NYZF1c-00298-00186680-00187256 birth and upbringing, encouraged the emigration of German Mennonites to what is now southern Ukraine, +zFTF8NYZF1c-00299-00187256-00187992 prizing their sophisticated agricultural skills and absolving them from military service. There +zFTF8NYZF1c-00300-00187992-00188616 is one 19th century tsar -- the one who issued the notorious Ems Ukaz forbidding the use of the +zFTF8NYZF1c-00301-00188616-00189308 Ukrainian language -- whose reign is of crucial importance to Lesia Ukrainka's life and work. +zFTF8NYZF1c-00302-00189308-00189776 This tsar, Alexander II, can't be properly understood +zFTF8NYZF1c-00303-00189776-00190272 without knowledge of his predecessor Nicholas the first and his successor, Alexander III. +zFTF8NYZF1c-00304-00190432-00191080 One of the key events in 19th century Russia was the failure of the Decembrist Revolt of 1825, +zFTF8NYZF1c-00305-00191080-00191608 in which army officers attempted to diminish the tsar's absolute power and to press for +zFTF8NYZF1c-00306-00191608-00192464 liberal reforms. The arch conservative Nicholas I, who ruled from 1825-1855, was obsessed by this challenge to supreme +zFTF8NYZF1c-00307-00192464-00193208 authority. To root out all treasonously independent thought among his nobility and to unify and subdue +zFTF8NYZF1c-00308-00193208-00193968 his empire, he adopted the policy proposed by his minister of education Sergey Uvarov: Russian +zFTF8NYZF1c-00309-00193968-00194656 Orthodoxy in religion, absolute autocracy in government, and Russianness in national character. +zFTF8NYZF1c-00310-00194744-00195208 This meant no freedom of religion, no representative government reflecting the +zFTF8NYZF1c-00311-00195208-00195848 wishes of the (wealthy and privileged) people and no acts or even gestures of defiance from any social +zFTF8NYZF1c-00312-00195848-00196472 class, including the peasant masses to whom the Tsar purported to stand in the place of a Father. +zFTF8NYZF1c-00313-00196728-00197344 Nothing must deflect the people from unthinking obedience. In 1833, Uvarov pronounced: +zFTF8NYZF1c-00314-00197448-00198032 "I am convinced that every professor and teacher, being permeated by one and the same feeling of +zFTF8NYZF1c-00315-00198032-00198552 devotion to the throne and fatherland, will use all his resources to become +zFTF8NYZF1c-00316-00198616-00199432 a worthy tool for the government and to earn its complete confidence." Accordingly, "Western" concepts +zFTF8NYZF1c-00317-00199432-00199944 such as the free exchange of ideas, and all critical and analytical thinking were +zFTF8NYZF1c-00318-00200040-00200472 anathematized as both irreligious and politically subversive. +zFTF8NYZF1c-00319-00200584-00201088 Nicholas I became increasingly paranoid that secret societies were springing up throughout +zFTF8NYZF1c-00320-00201088-00201720 his empire to overthrow him. He was terrified by the revolutions which broke out in europe in 1848, +zFTF8NYZF1c-00321-00201776-00202088 despite the fact that all these revolutions failed +zFTF8NYZF1c-00322-00202088-00202496 and that reactionary, arch-conservative governments came to power in their wake. +zFTF8NYZF1c-00323-00202680-00203624 Alexander II, Nicholas's successor, came to power as a liberal reformer in 1855. He abolished serfdom, +zFTF8NYZF1c-00324-00203624-00204344 a form of peasant slavery, in 1861 -- but he became increasingly conservative after an unsuccessful +zFTF8NYZF1c-00325-00204344-00204952 18 month-long uprising in occupied Poland and a series of assassination attempts against him. +zFTF8NYZF1c-00326-00205104-00205666 In 1863, a "new Ukrainian translation . . . of parts of the New Testament" +zFTF8NYZF1c-00327-00205666-00206536 which was "vetted and passed by the Imperial Academy of Sciences" was vetoed as politically suspect by the Ministry of Religious +zFTF8NYZF1c-00328-00206536-00207408 Affairs. (An analogous translation into Russian met a similar fate.) The Kyiv Censorship Committee went out +zFTF8NYZF1c-00329-00207408-00208232 of its way to declare that "the Ukrainian language never existed, does not exist, and shall never exist." +zFTF8NYZF1c-00330-00208319-00208896 It went on to ban the publication of secular and religious books in Ukrainian, apart from belles-lettres, +zFTF8NYZF1c-00331-00208896-00209440 on the premise that the distribution of such publications was a tool to foster separatism. +zFTF8NYZF1c-00332-00209536-00210271 Thirteen years later the infamous Ems Ukaz of 1876 appeared, outlawing any printed form of +zFTF8NYZF1c-00333-00210271-00210856 the Ukrainian language except for historical documents. It forbade the staging of plays, +zFTF8NYZF1c-00334-00210856-00211728 the importation of books in Ukrainian from abroad and the giving of lectures in Ukrainian. In 1881, +zFTF8NYZF1c-00335-00211728-00212336 on the assassination of Alexander II by a group called "The People's Will," his son Tsar Alexander III +zFTF8NYZF1c-00336-00212336-00213008 amended the Ems Ukaz most generously to allow the lyrics of Ukrainian songs and +zFTF8NYZF1c-00337-00213008-00213528 also Ukrainian dictionaries to be published, but only if Russian orthography were used. +zFTF8NYZF1c-00338-00213640-00214136 Teachers deemed pro-Ukrainian were fired and suspect newspapers and organizations shut down. +zFTF8NYZF1c-00339-00214223-00214776 The creation that same year of the Okhrana, or Russian secret police, who were charged to +zFTF8NYZF1c-00340-00214776-00215488 pulverize any signs of insubordination within the populace, gave brutal teeth to that ukaz. +zFTF8NYZF1c-00341-00215488-00215832 As a result in Russian-controlled Ukraine, it has been observed +zFTF8NYZF1c-00342-00215952-00216416 self-aware ukrainians remained a small intelligentsia ...that was out of touch with +zFTF8NYZF1c-00343-00216416-00216904 a much larger rural population, which lacked the opportunity for a cultural education.... +zFTF8NYZF1c-00344-00216992-00217456 Russian imperial ideology dominated the schools and the army, and the Russian language was the +zFTF8NYZF1c-00345-00217456-00218056 only one used for official business in the urban workplace, government offices and public services. +zFTF8NYZF1c-00346-00218312-00219344 During Nicholas I reign, secret pro-Ukrainian Societies had existed; and in the early years of Alexander II's rule a student organization turned itself, +zFTF8NYZF1c-00347-00219344-00220223 in 1859, into what was to become the all-important Hromada (Society) of Kyiv; by 1874, three years +zFTF8NYZF1c-00348-00220223-00220760 after Larysa Kosach's birth, the Hromada was disseminating its views, largely through the +zFTF8NYZF1c-00349-00220760-00221416 agency of Larysa's uncle Mykhaylo Drahomaniv, through a Ukrainian-language newspaper, the Kyiv +zFTF8NYZF1c-00350-00221416-00222216 Telegraf. After the issuing of the Ukaz, all such organizations and activities went underground. +zFTF8NYZF1c-00351-00222216-00222752 The Hromada was able to publish material in Russian only, which it did, through the periodical Kievsjaua Staryna (1882-1906). +zFTF8NYZF1c-00352-00223016-00223304 And secret Ukrainian-language literature and political writing +zFTF8NYZF1c-00353-00223304-00223567 from the Russian Empire was smuggled into Lviv, +zFTF8NYZF1c-00354-00223704-00224264 in the Austria-controlled province of Galicia or Halychyna, where free use of the Ukrainian language +zFTF8NYZF1c-00355-00224264-00224800 was permitted by the Habsburg authorities. This material, in printed form, would be +zFTF8NYZF1c-00356-00224800-00225440 smuggled back into Russian-controlled areas to be distributed read and discussed -- in secret, of course -- +zFTF8NYZF1c-00357-00225440-00226360 in Kyiv and other centres. One of Lesia's close friends Lyudmyla Staryts'ka-Chernyakhivs'ka described the +zFTF8NYZF1c-00358-00226360-00226984 effect of such smuggled literature on the circle who regularly gathered at her parents home. +zFTF8NYZF1c-00359-00227152-00227623 In 1892 Lesia, then in her early 20s, showed up with a first volume of her +zFTF8NYZF1c-00360-00227623-00228167 poems which she gave to Lyudmyla's father, a renowned playwright and theatrical producer. +zFTF8NYZF1c-00361-00228256-00228856 And as she describes it, he "put on his pince-nez, picked up the paper knife, gently padded +zFTF8NYZF1c-00362-00228856-00229488 the greyish-blue volume as if it were a child, and began to cut the pages carefully. This was +zFTF8NYZF1c-00363-00229488-00229784 not the feeling with which we now pick up a new Ukrainian book -- +zFTF8NYZF1c-00364-00229871-00230432 this was a feeling of special joy: this book which had traveled from abroad in such danger -- +zFTF8NYZF1c-00365-00230496-00231112 either in an envelope or deep in someone's pocket -- laying now in front of us -- new and fresh, +zFTF8NYZF1c-00366-00231112-00231800 like a message about the possible fate of the Ukrainian language, about some far away future life. +zFTF8NYZF1c-00367-00232023-00232632 The weakening of Tsarist autocracy during Nicholas II's reign gave Ukrainian culture a brief reprieve: +zFTF8NYZF1c-00368-00232704-00233256 before her death in 1913, Lesia Ukrainka would have profited from the liberalization that +zFTF8NYZF1c-00369-00233256-00233840 occurred in 1905, which meant the repeal of the Ems Ukaz and a resurgence of Ukrainian-language +zFTF8NYZF1c-00370-00233840-00234592 writing and publishing. Periodicals proliferated, publishing houses were founded, and in 1906 Lesia +zFTF8NYZF1c-00371-00234592-00235216 helped to establish a Kyiv branch of the Prosvita or Enlightenment movement, which had originated +zFTF8NYZF1c-00372-00235216-00235856 in Lviv in 1868; Prosvita promoted Ukrainian cultural awareness by sponsoring lectures, +zFTF8NYZF1c-00373-00235856-00236519 readings, concert and plays as well as publishing popularly-accessible works in Ukrainian. Four years +zFTF8NYZF1c-00374-00236519-00237112 later, Prosvita was abolished; most of the fledgling Ukrainian cultural forums and schools that had +zFTF8NYZF1c-00375-00237112-00237808 sprung up after 1905 in the Russian Empire were also shut down after the onset of World War I. +zFTF8NYZF1c-00376-00237960-00238792 For three years after the Russian revolution of 1917, some 14 to 18 different governments +zFTF8NYZF1c-00377-00238792-00240167 attempt to take to take power in Kyiv: Among them the Ukrainian Republic was declared from 1919 to 1921. By 1922, the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic had entrenched itself. +zFTF8NYZF1c-00378-00240319-00240871 For the first eight years or so of its existence, it implemented pro-Ukrainian policies in languages, +zFTF8NYZF1c-00379-00240871-00241552 education and the arts. "Away from Moscow" became a rallying call of Ukrainian artists. +zFTF8NYZF1c-00380-00241696-00242240 But Russification returned in brutal form with the forced collectivization of farms +zFTF8NYZF1c-00381-00242240-00243080 from 1928 to 33 and the devastating famine of 1930-33 orchestrated by Stalin and afflicting +zFTF8NYZF1c-00382-00243080-00243808 major grain-producing areas of the Soviet Empire. It has been estimated that in 1932-33 some 4 +zFTF8NYZF1c-00383-00243808-00244408 million Ukrainians perished of forced starvation; many Ukrainian historians argued the famine or +zFTF8NYZF1c-00384-00244408-00245008 Holodomor was a deliberate attempt to annihilate the traditional Ukrainian village, that key and +zFTF8NYZF1c-00385-00245008-00245688 cherished element in the national culture. As for the impact on Ukrainka of her nation's +zFTF8NYZF1c-00386-00245688-00246360 cultural and political subjugation to Russia, it was profound: in a letter written from Berlin +zFTF8NYZF1c-00387-00246360-00246984 in 1891 where she was undergoing medical treatment, she expresses the psychology of objection: +zFTF8NYZF1c-00388-00247144-00247871 "I do not recall whether I ever experienced such difficult, unbearable and bitter desires +zFTF8NYZF1c-00389-00247871-00248592 as here in the free world. It affected me so often that one can notice on my hands and neck the red +zFTF8NYZF1c-00390-00248592-00249384 traces of the yoke and the chains. Everybody sees these traces and I am shamed before the free world. +zFTF8NYZF1c-00391-00249512-00250256 As you can see, my hands are chained but my heart and thoughts are free, perhaps even +zFTF8NYZF1c-00392-00250256-00250673 more so than those of the people around me ..." +zFTF8NYZF1c-00393-00250673-00251784 The only antidote for her was work. In a poem titled Epilogue, she wrote of the sweetness of struggle, berating the weakness her illness imposed upon her. +zFTF8NYZF1c-00394-00251880-00252464 Yet somehow she managed to write more in her 42 years of life than many writers accomplish in a +zFTF8NYZF1c-00395-00252464-00253232 life twice as long. Thus, during a six-year period of extreme ill health, she managed to write a +zFTF8NYZF1c-00396-00253232-00253864 series of essays and articles on topics as diverse as contemporary writing in Italy and Poland, +zFTF8NYZF1c-00397-00253864-00254464 on Utopian themes in world literature, on modern drama in German, French and Norwegian +zFTF8NYZF1c-00398-00254528-00255152 and on the emancipation of women. She also published two collections of poetry in this period: +zFTF8NYZF1c-00399-00255152-00255816 "Thoughts and dreams," and "Echoes." And literally days before her death, she managed to complete +zFTF8NYZF1c-00400-00255816-00256664 a short story exploring the life of an Arab woman, "Ekbal'hanem." She was a doubly driven +zFTF8NYZF1c-00401-00256664-00257296 writer not only by the nature of her disease, but also by her need to resist political oppression. +zFTF8NYZF1c-00402-00257408-00257832 And while it's important to remember that Russian writers were also the victims of government +zFTF8NYZF1c-00403-00257832-00258560 censorship and surveillance, the very right of their language to exist was never at issue. Not +zFTF8NYZF1c-00404-00258560-00259223 only Ukrainians but also Poles, Belarusians and other ethnic minorities within the Russian Empire, +zFTF8NYZF1c-00405-00259280-00259967 were forbidden the free use of their native language. So this is the end of the first part of +zFTF8NYZF1c-00406-00259967-00260888 my talk and on June 8th if you join me and Ellen again, we'll talk about her oeuvre, or the collected +zFTF8NYZF1c-00407-00260888-00261888 works of Lesia Ukrainka, her illness and her death, and also her literary and cultural legacy. +zGGbYJNMwp8-00000-00000234-00000458 Since life first emerged on Earth, +zGGbYJNMwp8-00001-00000458-00001064 the diversity of living organisms has continuously evolved into a variety of species – +zGGbYJNMwp8-00002-00001064-00001382 reaching the complexity that we see today. +zGGbYJNMwp8-00003-00001440-00001678 What drives this massive variation? +zGGbYJNMwp8-00004-00001770-00002044 Exposure to ionizing radiation – +zGGbYJNMwp8-00005-00002044-00002534 which emanates naturally from the cosmos, from the sun, even from the Earth itself – +zGGbYJNMwp8-00006-00002534-00002734 causing living organisms to mutate. +zGGbYJNMwp8-00007-00002956-00003198 Most of these mutations will not survive. +zGGbYJNMwp8-00008-00003296-00003711 But in rare cases beneficial mutations create novel varieties, +zGGbYJNMwp8-00009-00003747-00004164 enabling them to survive and thrive in a wide range of environments. +zGGbYJNMwp8-00010-00004310-00004838 Over the millennia farmers have taken advantage of these naturally occurring mutations +zGGbYJNMwp8-00011-00004838-00005256 by selecting and propagating the most promising ones. +zGGbYJNMwp8-00012-00005302-00005682 Today, we no longer have to wait for nature. +zGGbYJNMwp8-00013-00005682-00006166 In the 1920s, when researchers discovered that artificial ionising radiation +zGGbYJNMwp8-00014-00006166-00006466 was capable of inducing beneficial mutations, +zGGbYJNMwp8-00015-00006522-00006998 crop breeders were able to increase the frequency of spontaneous mutations. +zGGbYJNMwp8-00016-00007100-00007445 The age of crop mutation breeding was born. +zGGbYJNMwp8-00017-00007612-00007864 To induce desirable crop mutations, +zGGbYJNMwp8-00018-00007864-00008304 seeds or other plant materials are exposed to ionising radiation. +zGGbYJNMwp8-00019-00008472-00008758 The seeds are then grown for two to four generations +zGGbYJNMwp8-00020-00008758-00009298 until the new but rare mutant characteristic can be identified. +zGGbYJNMwp8-00021-00009298-00009826 Once identified, seeds from the selected plants are grown for yet more generations +zGGbYJNMwp8-00022-00009826-00010112 to develop uniform breeding material. +zGGbYJNMwp8-00023-00010207-00010561 Advanced mutant lines are then tested in the field +zGGbYJNMwp8-00024-00010561-00011102 and, if necessary, crossed with existing varieties to retain their agronomic traits +zGGbYJNMwp8-00025-00011102-00011494 and then compared in national trials with existing varieties, +zGGbYJNMwp8-00026-00011494-00012034 before finally being officially licenced and released to the farmers. +zGGbYJNMwp8-00027-00012244-00012936 Mutation breeding has generated thousands of novel crop varieties in hundreds of crop species, +zGGbYJNMwp8-00028-00012936-00013236 and billions of dollars in additional revenue, +zGGbYJNMwp8-00029-00013236-00013640 delivering higher yields, increased nutritional value, +zGGbYJNMwp8-00030-00013640-00014196 resilience to the effects of climate change, and tolerance to diseases. +zGGbYJNMwp8-00031-00014252-00014729 Mutation breeding is a fundamental and highly successful tool +zGGbYJNMwp8-00032-00014729-00015443 in the global efforts of agriculture to feed an ever increasing and nutritiously demanding population. +zGQztgdg4K4-00000-00000000-00000486 Hello everyone! It is lovely to see you all again - in fact, I'm going to scroll through my screens now, +zGQztgdg4K4-00001-00000486-00000976 so I can see all the people who have their video on - hello! +zGQztgdg4K4-00002-00000976-00001632 For those of you that are joining us for the first time: Hello! We are Talking Maths in Public, +zGQztgdg4K4-00003-00001632-00002114 except we're Talking Maths in Lockdown at the moment! There's four of us on the committee +zGQztgdg4K4-00004-00002115-00002588 who have decided to put on these sessions so that you can have a little bit more +zGQztgdg4K4-00005-00002588-00003214 chance to talk to other maths communicators and other STEM communicators with an interest in maths, +zGQztgdg4K4-00006-00003218-00003965 and a couple of extra people as well I'm sure, who are interested in chatting about... +zGQztgdg4K4-00007-00003979-00004382 Oh, someone's on the phone and they're not muted. +zGQztgdg4K4-00008-00004400-00004674 I think that might be my other half in the background. +zGQztgdg4K4-00009-00004674-00004968 Ah ha! Do you want to mute yourself? +zGQztgdg4K4-00010-00004988-00005210 Yep, let me just... +zGQztgdg4K4-00011-00005276-00005516 So, where was I? +zGQztgdg4K4-00012-00005516-00006102 We're doing this session so you have a chance to share things that that you're coming up against +zGQztgdg4K4-00013-00006108-00006609 and learn new things, and just have the support of the other people around you a little bit. +zGQztgdg4K4-00014-00006609-00007070 Many of us, at the moment, we're doing things online that we'd normally do face-to-face; +zGQztgdg4K4-00015-00007070-00007666 so, in today's session we've invited three guest speakers who are doing things online just like you are, +zGQztgdg4K4-00016-00007666-00008095 but have a bit of experience that they'd like to share with us, and things that they've learnt; +zGQztgdg4K4-00017-00008095-00008538 possibly since the Lockdown, possibly things they've been doing for years, there's a bit of a balance there. +zGQztgdg4K4-00018-00008546-00009080 So they're sharing their experiences to help you with the things that you're doing. +zGQztgdg4K4-00019-00009094-00009662 Following that, we'll have a question and answer session, and then when have some other tips and tricks, +zGQztgdg4K4-00020-00009662-00010028 and if there's time at the end we'll have some more discussion time. +zGQztgdg4K4-00021-00010028-00010584 We are recording the session - so we're recording primarily the guest speakers +zGQztgdg4K4-00022-00010584-00011158 and the question-and-answer session, but in order to do that we are recording at the moment as well. +zGQztgdg4K4-00023-00011164-00011832 If there is anything you want to ask during the question and answer, and you don't want to be on the screen +zGQztgdg4K4-00024-00011832-00012270 or you don't want your voice recorded that's absolutely fine! Send us a message, +zGQztgdg4K4-00025-00012270-00012717 stick it in the chat for everyone to see, or Ben will be chairing the Q&A session +zGQztgdg4K4-00026-00012717-00013322 so you can send him a message privately with your question in, and we'll get that asked for you. +zGQztgdg4K4-00027-00013322-00013932 One thing I will add is to please remember that we have a Code of Conduct +zGQztgdg4K4-00028-00013932-00014469 for all of our TMiP activities, including these Talking Maths in Lockdown sessions; +zGQztgdg4K4-00029-00014469-00014788 if you haven't read that please, please do so! +zGQztgdg4K4-00030-00014788-00015072 Generally: be welcoming, be polite, +zGQztgdg4K4-00031-00015072-00015560 remember that everyone's dealing with a lot of things at the moment, +zGQztgdg4K4-00032-00015560-00015832 so be kind, be considerate and respectful +zGQztgdg4K4-00033-00015832-00016162 and try and use gender-neutral language as much as you possibly can. +zGQztgdg4K4-00034-00016162-00016834 Just a reminder that people are sharing things here that they are sharing with the community that's on this call +zGQztgdg4K4-00035-00016838-00017220 It's not stuff for you to then share afterwards. +zGQztgdg4K4-00036-00017220-00017814 If you wanted to share anything that anyone's put forward, ask them about it, ask them if that's that's OK. +zGQztgdg4K4-00037-00017814-00018550 You don't need to do any recording or try to keep a record of what the people who are speaking are saying, +zGQztgdg4K4-00038-00018558-00019036 because we will record it and we aim to put that up within about a week. +zGQztgdg4K4-00039-00019036-00019580 So, that's enough of me talking; if you have any questions do let us know! +zGQztgdg4K4-00040-00019580-00020244 I'm going to hand over to Kevin who's going to introduce our speakers today. +zGQztgdg4K4-00041-00020254-00020642 Right, nearly forgot to unmute myself there. Well, hello everybody +zGQztgdg4K4-00042-00020642-00021374 I did forget to introduce us! So I'll introduce myself and then introduce the others [laughs] +zGQztgdg4K4-00043-00021374-00021818 Hello everyone - for those of you that don't know me, I'm Sam Durbin. +zGQztgdg4K4-00044-00021818-00022218 One of the things that I do in my spare time is organising Talking Maths in Public, +zGQztgdg4K4-00045-00022218-00022514 which is a biennial conference for maths communicators. +zGQztgdg4K4-00046-00022514-00023170 I'm also currently on furlough from the Royal Institution where I look after our Secondary Maths Masterclass Program. +zGQztgdg4K4-00047-00023172-00023504 We also have Katie +zGQztgdg4K4-00048-00023504-00023816 Hello! Do you want me to introduce myself? +zGQztgdg4K4-00049-00023816-00023904 Yeah! +zGQztgdg4K4-00050-00023904-00024446 OK, I'm Katie, I do maths outreach in as many possible different forms as I can get away with, +zGQztgdg4K4-00051-00024446-00024832 and if you don't already know who I am I'm quite easy to Google, +zGQztgdg4K4-00052-00024832-00025252 so you can find out what I do there. I do teach part-time at a University now, +zGQztgdg4K4-00053-00025252-00025852 and I do lots of workshops, and talks, and various things, and bits of writing, and maths stuff. +zGQztgdg4K4-00054-00025852-00026112 And Ben? +zGQztgdg4K4-00055-00026112-00026588 Hey! My name is Ben sparks I work for the AMSP for half my time, +zGQztgdg4K4-00056-00026588-00026910 and half my time freelance, doing maths outreach teacher training. +zGQztgdg4K4-00057-00026910-00027339 I was a maths teacher for ten years and I also am one-fourth of the TMiP community. +zGQztgdg4K4-00058-00027339-00027892 Occasionally I get to do some maths outreach online in Numberphile videos and things like that. +zGQztgdg4K4-00059-00027902-00028508 I've been playing (more than is healthy) with ways of communicating online ever since we had to do that, +zGQztgdg4K4-00060-00028508-00028982 which is why today is hopefully interesting for all of us also doing that. +zGQztgdg4K4-00061-00029012-00029345 OK, and Kevin can introduce himself and then the speakers. +zGQztgdg4K4-00062-00029400-00030082 Hello! I'm Kevin Houston, I'm a lecturer at the University of Leeds, +zGQztgdg4K4-00063-00030082-00030660 I'm also the education secretary of the London Mathematical Society, +zGQztgdg4K4-00064-00030660-00031104 and I've been involved in outreach for many, many years. +zGQztgdg4K4-00065-00031104-00031839 Also I'm very easy to find online so you can just Google my name if you want to know more about me. +zGQztgdg4K4-00066-00031839-00032368 So we might as well just get on with today's fantastic lineup! +zGQztgdg4K4-00067-00032368-00033116 First up we've got Dr. Jamie Gallagher who he got his PhD in chemistry and electrical engineering +zGQztgdg4K4-00068-00033116-00033600 and has spent over a decade in public engagement and science communication. +zGQztgdg4K4-00069-00033600-00034304 He's won various awards, including the Scottish Fame Lab final, great one to have there. +zGQztgdg4K4-00070-00034304-00035016 Since 2017 he's been freelance: he runs training workshops and acts as a consultant, +zGQztgdg4K4-00071-00035026-00035746 and during Lockdown he's still running these workshops and consultancy as normal. +zGQztgdg4K4-00072-00035746-00036332 He also runs Virtually Social, which is - I'll quote from the the website - it is: +zGQztgdg4K4-00073-00036332-00036870 "A weekly online discussion for people interested in public engagement and science communication." +zGQztgdg4K4-00074-00036870-00037334 Which I think is a brilliant idea, and I think that's why we kind of nicked it for this! +zGQztgdg4K4-00075-00037334-00038158 So, I'll hand over to Jamie who will discuss things like Zoom. +zGQztgdg4K4-00076-00038178-00038728 Brilliant! Thanks Kevin. Hello everyone, I am Jamie Gallagher and Kevin's introduced me pretty well. +zGQztgdg4K4-00077-00038732-00039162 I kind of categorise myself into doing three main things: +zGQztgdg4K4-00078-00039168-00039492 The first thing is that I am a science communicator, +zGQztgdg4K4-00079-00039492-00040094 so often found on stage, TV, radio or writing - a whole mix of different things; +zGQztgdg4K4-00080-00040102-00040354 The second part is that I'm a trainer, +zGQztgdg4K4-00081-00040368-00040884 so I work normally with universities looking at public engagement or particularly evaluation; +zGQztgdg4K4-00082-00040890-00041434 and I'm also a consultant as well so working on lots of REF impact case studies at the minute - +zGQztgdg4K4-00083-00041446-00041714 that's a system of grading universities. +zGQztgdg4K4-00084-00041714-00042374 At the start of Lockdown I found my freelance career ended, I thought, +zGQztgdg4K4-00085-00042374-00043112 with no possibility of delivering in-person events or training. +zGQztgdg4K4-00086-00043112-00043678 Scicom felt dead, training felt dead, and even consultancy was quietening down +zGQztgdg4K4-00087-00043678-00044236 and I was pretty worried. So first of all I thought, well, I need to keep myself busy, +zGQztgdg4K4-00088-00044236-00044756 like the type of person I am I need to work constantly or I am not a happy person, +zGQztgdg4K4-00089-00044756-00045242 so I needed projects to start looking into and that's why I started Virtually Social. +zGQztgdg4K4-00090-00045246-00045806 It was a way of me feeling more connected to the community during Lockdown +zGQztgdg4K4-00091-00045806-00046402 and also just something I could channel my energies into. I thought, well, I would set up a space +zGQztgdg4K4-00092-00046402-00046758 where science communicators and public engagement professionals could come together, +zGQztgdg4K4-00093-00046758-00047336 carry on discussions, and just so that we were aware that we're all still here and we're all still working. +zGQztgdg4K4-00094-00047342-00047858 There was one big problem to that: my online experience was pretty much nil. +zGQztgdg4K4-00095-00047858-00048392 Aside from a misspent youth as a gamer: I lived on Teamspeak, and Medal of Honour, +zGQztgdg4K4-00096-00048392-00048854 and Command and Conquer, that was my whole teenage years and into my twenties. +zGQztgdg4K4-00097-00048854-00049322 But that felt in the past, I was no gamer or streamer anymore. +zGQztgdg4K4-00098-00049322-00049958 so I set about creating online events, online training, with just my laptop and my camera. +zGQztgdg4K4-00099-00049958-00050478 And I started organising events - but every single week, I was learning something about the events +zGQztgdg4K4-00100-00050478-00051054 and every time that people came back hopefully they noticed a little bit of an increase in quality +zGQztgdg4K4-00101-00051060-00051508 because in between times I was reading a lot, I was going on YouTube a lot, +zGQztgdg4K4-00102-00051508-00051905 to find out what I could do to improve the quality of my events. +zGQztgdg4K4-00103-00051905-00052304 And the angle I wanted to give to you today is one of the amateur: +zGQztgdg4K4-00104-00052304-00053032 what was it, five weeks ago, seven weeks ago, I didn't know what Zoom was, and I was using just my laptop. +zGQztgdg4K4-00105-00053032-00053538 I've now kind of twisted and changed things to be using quite a different system. +zGQztgdg4K4-00106-00053538-00053686 If I flick over cameras now: +zGQztgdg4K4-00107-00053686-00053982 You can see I'm standing up, I'm using this microphone. +zGQztgdg4K4-00108-00053982-00054578 I'm going to turn it so you can see my camera as well... +zGQztgdg4K4-00109-00054578-00054986 So you can see that I'm talking to a DSLR camera now, +zGQztgdg4K4-00110-00054986-00055422 instead off my laptop camera, because it looks a little bit better. +zGQztgdg4K4-00111-00055422-00055891 so I thought I would take you through from a kind of amateur perspective what I did +zGQztgdg4K4-00112-00055891-00056490 to create a different setup, to help kind of increase the professionalism of the training I was offering online. +zGQztgdg4K4-00113-00056490-00056950 The first barrier: I thought, well, I needed a better camera that was my first thing, +zGQztgdg4K4-00114-00056950-00057534 I was like "I need a better camera, what can I do?" and so I started looking for webcams: impossible to find. +zGQztgdg4K4-00115-00057534-00058010 What was possible to find was DSLR cameras. So I thought "Well, I could buy that one," +zGQztgdg4K4-00116-00058024-00058688 but if I want to plug in a DSLR, like I've got, then normally you need an HDMI capture card. +zGQztgdg4K4-00117-00058688-00059390 Laptops don't really like taking in an HDMI feed, and the capture cards were again impossible to find. +zGQztgdg4K4-00118-00059390-00059894 So I managed to get hold of a Canon M50 which actually plugs into my laptop via USB. +zGQztgdg4K4-00119-00059894-00060467 So the camera I'm speaking to is a digital camera that is just plugged in through USB. Brillaint! +zGQztgdg4K4-00120-00060467-00061228 Except: the platforms that take in USB feeds from cameras don't like to take in USB feeds from cameras. +zGQztgdg4K4-00121-00061238-00061905 So Zoom would not recognise the Canon M50. So that meant I had to get the hardware into my laptop, +zGQztgdg4K4-00122-00061905-00062482 then into another program that could then go in to Zoom, which was my chosen platform. +zGQztgdg4K4-00123-00062482-00063105 So this is my kind of home turf, is Zoom. A few things I did to start that: +zGQztgdg4K4-00124-00063105-00063334 I'm just gonna come down here, hopefully this will work, +zGQztgdg4K4-00125-00063334-00063802 If I start off here... oh no, you're getting infinite me! That wasn't part of the plan! +zGQztgdg4K4-00126-00063804-00064166 This might help... [Ben: That's what we're here for, frankly] +zGQztgdg4K4-00127-00064166-00064541 Yeah, infinite me. Anyway, I'll just talk you through it. +zGQztgdg4K4-00128-00064546-00065048 So I started off: I got my camera, I got my microphone; they both go into my laptop +zGQztgdg4K4-00129-00065048-00065478 and they go into a program called ECAM live. Some of you might have heard of OBS, +zGQztgdg4K4-00130-00065478-00066114 which is a kind of broadcasting platform; ECAM live is like OBS but for Mac's - +zGQztgdg4K4-00131-00066114-00066636 so it's geared up a little bit more for Mac's and it can take a USB feed from my camera, +zGQztgdg4K4-00132-00066636-00067050 and it's using my USB podcasting mic, so that's pulling them both in. +zGQztgdg4K4-00133-00067050-00067482 That then wants to go into Zoom, but here there's another problem. +zGQztgdg4K4-00134-00067482-00067890 If you're using a Mac, Zoom has now blocked virtual cams. +zGQztgdg4K4-00135-00067890-00068636 So the camera I'm using up here is blocked by Zoom, and also the camera down there, +zGQztgdg4K4-00136-00068636-00069126 which is my phone, that's connected using IP Cam, is also blocked. +zGQztgdg4K4-00137-00069126-00069648 There are workarounds for this; you can use an older version of zoom, but they're stopping using that; +zGQztgdg4K4-00138-00069648-00070430 I'm currently using an unsigned version of zoom, you can discover how to do that in Reddit forums if you want. +zGQztgdg4K4-00139-00070436-00071030 But what I was basically looking for is a way of getting a decent camera into Zoom, +zGQztgdg4K4-00140-00071030-00071298 So that's the main thing that I use is ECAM Live. +zGQztgdg4K4-00141-00071298-00071696 If you're using Windows it's probably easier and certainly cheaper to use OBS. +zGQztgdg4K4-00142-00071696-00072192 These are just programs that will capture in your content and then push out whatever you need to show. +zGQztgdg4K4-00143-00072192-00072610 The other advantage of using a kind of third-party program like that +zGQztgdg4K4-00144-00072610-00073238 is that you're going to be able to put in cut scenes and things like that, seamlessly, without doing screen share. +zGQztgdg4K4-00145-00073238-00073668 So normally in Zoom you'd have to share the screen, but I can just push a button... +zGQztgdg4K4-00146-00074042-00074568 ...and play a video, which is a little bit smoother than doing the screen share on Zoom. +zGQztgdg4K4-00147-00074568-00075026 The other bit that I have of kit is what I just pushed the button on: +zGQztgdg4K4-00148-00075032-00075548 so I've also got a stream deck, and this allows me to put in some commands into the computer +zGQztgdg4K4-00149-00075548-00075904 without me using the mouse or clicking through. +zGQztgdg4K4-00150-00075904-00076583 So I mentioned that I'm broadcasting on Zoom, but I'm running my camera and my sound through ECAM live +zGQztgdg4K4-00151-00076584-00077372 and this little deck here allows me to control ECAM live while I'm still focusing on the Zoom call. +zGQztgdg4K4-00152-00077372-00077702 Now, that's a lot of names and things to throw at you - +zGQztgdg4K4-00153-00077702-00078174 the folk have already prepared a document that takes you through some of these programs, +zGQztgdg4K4-00154-00078174-00078492 so you can see and go through them at your leisure. +zGQztgdg4K4-00155-00078492-00079030 It has taken me a long time to work out how to put them all together, but YouTube is invaluable, +zGQztgdg4K4-00156-00079030-00079466 there are so many bits of kit that are explained on YouTube. +zGQztgdg4K4-00157-00079466-00079946 What I'd recommend for anyone that's looking to upscale the quality of what they're broadcasting +zGQztgdg4K4-00158-00079946-00080258 is raid around their house: What do you have? +zGQztgdg4K4-00159-00080258-00080584 Your phone camera is gonna be better than your laptop camera; +zGQztgdg4K4-00160-00080584-00081146 If you've got an external mic - so this is a podcasting mic but it just works as a USB mic and +zGQztgdg4K4-00161-00081146-00081700 hopefully is giving me a better quality than my laptop would - so maybe you could use that; +zGQztgdg4K4-00162-00081700-00082028 If nothing else think about using headphones, various bits and pieces. +zGQztgdg4K4-00163-00082028-00082904 A lot can be cobbled together and dumped into OBS or ECAM to give quite a smooth output on Zoom. +zGQztgdg4K4-00164-00082904-00083314 I'll finish off just with a couple more points on Zoom, because that's what I use; +zGQztgdg4K4-00165-00083314-00083654 I'm running all my training through there, I'm trying to make it as interactive as possible, +zGQztgdg4K4-00166-00083654-00084220 So I use a lot of polls, a lot of breakout rooms, and third-party programs I send people to. +zGQztgdg4K4-00167-00084222-00084752 Time and time again I get people telling me about the security issues in Zoom, security issues in Zoom. +zGQztgdg4K4-00168-00084752-00085434 My kind of question is: what security issues in Zoom? Things have been tightened up and I don't see that +zGQztgdg4K4-00169-00085434-00085886 Zoom is any better or worse than any of the other platforms you're really using. +zGQztgdg4K4-00170-00085886-00086536 So for me, Zoom is incredibly easy for people to access and there are sufficient controls to ensure that +zGQztgdg4K4-00171-00086536-00087227 your meeting is safe and controlled. Now there was an issue a month ago with Zoom bombing: +zGQztgdg4K4-00172-00087228-00087758 effectively, people could cold-call into your meeting. That's no longer an issue, +zGQztgdg4K4-00173-00087758-00088236 not with the longer a hyperlinks to join a meeting, the default meeting passwords, +zGQztgdg4K4-00174-00088236-00088514 and the added security program that they've added down the bottom. +zGQztgdg4K4-00175-00088514-00089234 So if you're a little bit worried about using Zoom, I wouldn't - I don't think it is any more dangerous than +zGQztgdg4K4-00176-00089234-00089842 any of the other online platforms. And for me, running training, if someone really is gonna gate crash +zGQztgdg4K4-00177-00089852-00090284 and listen to me talking about public engagement for 3 hours, they're kind of welcome to. +zGQztgdg4K4-00178-00090284-00090868 So if you've got any questions about what I'm doing, as having gone from nothing, to +zGQztgdg4K4-00179-00090868-00091338 I think, a relatively professional set up in a few weeks, then just give me a shout, +zGQztgdg4K4-00180-00091338-00091860 type some questions in the comments, or when we come to the the discussion, shout out any questions +zGQztgdg4K4-00181-00091860-00092492 and I'll be happy to answer from the total noob perspective. This is not beyond anyone +zGQztgdg4K4-00182-00092492-00093166 because I'm not very good with tech. I just upscaled; every week, a little extra thing was added in. +zGQztgdg4K4-00183-00093166-00093600 So that's my perspective from running online events. +zGQztgdg4K4-00184-00093600-00094386 [Kevin speaking] OK, thank you very much Jamie! So what we're gonna do, we're going to do the question and answers later on; +zGQztgdg4K4-00185-00094392-00095118 but first, we didn't organise how we were gonna do thanking our speakers; some people are giving +zGQztgdg4K4-00186-00095118-00095678 reactions, I don't know if you notice down the bottom there's a reactions little emoji type thing you can press +zGQztgdg4K4-00187-00095678-00096286 and you can give thumbs up and claps for the speaker. It saves us all turning on our mics and going: +zGQztgdg4K4-00188-00096286-00096456 [claps and cheers] +zGQztgdg4K4-00189-00096456-00097222 So, you know, please do that and the speaker can see how see how we're doing, or how they did. Right, OK, so +zGQztgdg4K4-00190-00097222-00097682 Before you go on Kevin, I'd just like to say that if anyone does have questions, particularly for Jamie, +zGQztgdg4K4-00191-00097682-00098108 and you want to get them in the chat now, you're welcome to and I will try and pick them up later on, +zGQztgdg4K4-00192-00098108-00098476 or jott them down and talk to us later. +zGQztgdg4K4-00193-00098476-00099182 Good. So moving on now to our second speaker: it's Trent Burton. +zGQztgdg4K4-00194-00099182-00099972 So I hope you all know about the Cosmic Shambles Network: Book Shambles with Robin Ince & Josie Long; +zGQztgdg4K4-00195-00099972-00100508 there's also Science Shambles and various other things with Brian Cox; +zGQztgdg4K4-00196-00100508-00101068 he's also produced videos for Matt Parker; but I think one of the main things he's got at the moment +zGQztgdg4K4-00197-00101068-00101620 is the Cosmic Shambles Network that he's created with with Robin Ince. +zGQztgdg4K4-00198-00101620-00102144 So, he's got lots of experience working with live events and recording of online media; +zGQztgdg4K4-00199-00102144-00102588 in particular, he's run a series of online science events over the last few weeks, +zGQztgdg4K4-00200-00102588-00102992 so he knows all about the technical problems producing such things. +zGQztgdg4K4-00201-00102992-00103338 So, if you'd like to take that away, take it away please Trent! +zGQztgdg4K4-00202-00103338-00104130 Thank you. Yeah, so I'm director of a company called 'Drunk Man Productions' and we produce the +zGQztgdg4K4-00203-00104130-00104752 Cosmic Shambles Network, which is basically podcasts and documentaries and live shows +zGQztgdg4K4-00204-00104752-00105342 based around science and maths and music and comedy. If you've ever been to 'Nine Lessons and Carols' +zGQztgdg4K4-00205-00105344-00105961 or 'Robin and Brian's Compendium of Reason' at Hammersmith Apollo, that is us. +zGQztgdg4K4-00206-00105966-00106768 So since we've been doing those live for about a decade, obviously we're not doing them now. +zGQztgdg4K4-00207-00106768-00107642 So we tried to work out a way that we could do that kind of variety show online, without being able to get to +zGQztgdg4K4-00208-00107642-00108409 the studio or onto a stage. So, about eight weeks ago, Melinda, who is another producer at Cosmic Shambles, +zGQztgdg4K4-00209-00108409-00109046 Robyn, Josie and me came up with the idea to try and do a live stream morning show and an evening show, +zGQztgdg4K4-00210-00109048-00109635 every day for the two weeks that Lockdown was going to last. +zGQztgdg4K4-00211-00109638-00110240 We've now done about a hundred and something of them live every day. +zGQztgdg4K4-00212-00110240-00110792 They go out on our Cosmic Shambles YouTube channel and on the Cosmic Shambles website and +zGQztgdg4K4-00213-00110792-00111404 sometimes on Twitch as well for some of the shows. Our basic aim for them was threefold: +zGQztgdg4K4-00214-00111404-00112198 We wanted to do something that was entertaining and informative and try and create a sense of community that we couldn't get from doing the live shows anymore; +zGQztgdg4K4-00215-00112198-00112754 We wanted to raise some money for artists and venues that aren't getting any income: +zGQztgdg4K4-00216-00112754-00113142 lots of venues are now closing that we used to do shows in and talks in. +zGQztgdg4K4-00217-00113144-00113706 So we've raised about twenty thousand pounds that we've sent out so far to venues and performers. +zGQztgdg4K4-00218-00113706-00114394 And also we wanted to do it as quick as possible, which was possibly foolhardy... +zGQztgdg4K4-00219-00114394-00115078 So from the day that we decided that we were going to do this, we were up and live with a live show +zGQztgdg4K4-00220-00115078-00115874 within just under three days basically, in mid-March. We told everyone it was going to be a bit of a +zGQztgdg4K4-00221-00115874-00116400 technical nightmare to begin with. We did our sound check and our tech check and our first run live +zGQztgdg4K4-00222-00116402-00116946 with an audience of a couple of thousand people and it went very poorly from a technical point of view, +zGQztgdg4K4-00223-00116946-00117430 but that was the point we wanted to know what was going to go wrong, we just wanted to be up essentially. +zGQztgdg4K4-00224-00117430-00118109 So that means that we've kind of been learning this whole thing on the fly from my home studio +zGQztgdg4K4-00225-00118109-00118598 and kind of embraced the chaos that that was going to bring in. +zGQztgdg4K4-00226-00118598-00119048 The best suggestion we got when we went live was someone asked: +zGQztgdg4K4-00227-00119048-00119580 "Would it be possible to do the whole thing in VR, because then it would feel more like being at a gig?" +zGQztgdg4K4-00228-00119580-00120502 They asked this on day four; we're not in VR as yet. So I thought what might be useful is: I'll talk quickly +zGQztgdg4K4-00229-00120502-00121220 about the three main helpful - "helpful" - questions and suggestions we get asked in the live chat +zGQztgdg4K4-00230-00121220-00121930 about why we're doing things the way that we're doing them, and then I'll be around for the Q&A after as well. +zGQztgdg4K4-00231-00121930-00122533 The first question that we get, a hundred times every day, is "Why don't we use Zoom?", +zGQztgdg4K4-00232-00122533-00123033 because we use Skype as the way to start the group chat, not Zoom. +zGQztgdg4K4-00233-00123033-00124085 There's a lot of reasons: mostly it's because of the back end. I never - or very very rarely - am I on the show, +zGQztgdg4K4-00234-00124085-00124459 I'm just running the back end from our studio here. +zGQztgdg4K4-00235-00124459-00125083 Skype works much better with - we don't use OBS but if you want to use OBS because it's it's free - +zGQztgdg4K4-00236-00125083-00125726 Skype plays with OBS a lot nicer on PC and Mac you can do a lot more with virtual cameras, +zGQztgdg4K4-00237-00125726-00126642 you can treat the calls as cameras, it just makes it easier to do a show; rather than what zoom is, +zGQztgdg4K4-00238-00126642-00127180 which is essentially a very good video conferencing platform but it's not great for making a show +zGQztgdg4K4-00239-00127180-00127620 and our our aim was always to make a show where we could cut to different guests, +zGQztgdg4K4-00240-00127620-00128188 make people full-screen, move, do lots of inserted stuff, bring in lots of graphics and all sorts of stuff +zGQztgdg4K4-00241-00128188-00128824 and basically run it like we're doing a live a live morning show or a live talk show. +zGQztgdg4K4-00242-00128824-00129424 Skype is a lot more flexible for that. There's a lot more stuff in the back end that you can muck around with, +zGQztgdg4K4-00243-00129426-00130402 it's a lot more stable and that sort of stuff than Zoom is, we've found. We've got our own kind of custom back-end +zGQztgdg4K4-00244-00130402-00131172 that we run everything through. So people will call up Skype they will be on - as far as they're aware - +zGQztgdg4K4-00245-00131172-00131764 they're just on a Skype call and then that runs everything into a custom vision mixer that we've got running here, +zGQztgdg4K4-00246-00131764-00132494 so we can mix the show like, it's a sports broadcast essentially, and that enables people to be able to do it. +zGQztgdg4K4-00247-00132498-00133040 If they want to use cam link or something like what Janie's got set up, they can do it with DSLRs, or they can +zGQztgdg4K4-00248-00133040-00133818 just use their webcam; it doesn't really matter. I'm just seeing a "camera" and they're on a normal Skype call. +zGQztgdg4K4-00249-00133818-00134288 So they, the presenters, then don't have to worry about anything technical, they're just doing their talk, +zGQztgdg4K4-00250-00134288-00134818 or being in a conversation, or doing a song, or doing the stand-up set, or whatever they're doing - +zGQztgdg4K4-00251-00134818-00135476 all they've got to be is connected to Skype, and everything else we take care of in the back end. +zGQztgdg4K4-00252-00135476-00136388 That also means we can use Skype, or similar to what was done for the Watson 24-hour show last weekend +zGQztgdg4K4-00253-00136392-00137064 that the guys from Wi-Fi wars set up, a lot of that back-end; we basically can have a greenroom. +zGQztgdg4K4-00254-00137064-00137760 So rather than anyone just being, like in Zoom, everyone's on, we've got an off-broadcast greenroom +zGQztgdg4K4-00255-00137760-00138318 that people sign into. They're in there they're waiting, they're not necessarily on air yet +zGQztgdg4K4-00256-00138318-00138960 they're just waiting to go on. And also I can act like a floor manager that way, that I've got a microphone +zGQztgdg4K4-00257-00138962-00139624 talking to Robin and Josie saying "Shut up you're going on too long," and I'm not broadcast but I can wind [up the conversation] +zGQztgdg4K4-00258-00139624-00140062 That doesn't work, but it is an option that is available to me! +zGQztgdg4K4-00259-00140062-00140686 I think because Skype's been around so long, and it's a bit like, the interface is quite clunky, +zGQztgdg4K4-00260-00140686-00141350 it doesn't look as flashy, I think it gets a bit of a bad reputation, in that Zoom's the new flashy version +zGQztgdg4K4-00261-00141350-00141780 and Skype gets a bit of a bad rap because it's the old "Ugh, no one uses Skype anymore", +zGQztgdg4K4-00262-00141780-00142382 but for doing stuff like we're doing, it's far and away better than Zoom. Zoom is very good at doing this, +zGQztgdg4K4-00263-00142382-00143034 but for what we're doing, it just doesn't really work. So I run the show as a vision mixer in the background +zGQztgdg4K4-00264-00143034-00143744 with just - I don't use the stream deck that Jamie's got - because I'm not on air, I can just do everything +zGQztgdg4K4-00265-00143744-00144064 with a keyboard and a trackpad - I don't need to have quick shortcuts. +zGQztgdg4K4-00266-00144064-00144590 But if you are on air then stream decks are great because you can just short-cut everything up, +zGQztgdg4K4-00267-00144590-00144968 and then you can just pump it out through - we use our own bit of software - or OBS; +zGQztgdg4K4-00268-00144968-00145506 you can go to something like Restream, which is free I think to two platforms, so you can be on YouTube, +zGQztgdg4K4-00269-00145506-00146256 and Twitch, and Vimeo, and all sorts of places, all at the same time. So you can be just streaming to as many +zGQztgdg4K4-00270-00146256-00146852 places you need to, which increases audience and whatnot, keeps your live chats running. +zGQztgdg4K4-00271-00146852-00147480 The other question we get asked a lot is: "Why don't we just pre-record it?", because it would be +zGQztgdg4K4-00272-00147480-00148166 obviously be better quality, we can edit it like a film. Our answer to that is always "What would be the point?" +zGQztgdg4K4-00273-00148166-00148706 That's basically what YouTube was before there was a lockdown; you can make a film, you can stick it up, +zGQztgdg4K4-00274-00148706-00149250 it looks great, who cares? I mean obviously people care, there's good YouTube videos, but you know what I mean. +zGQztgdg4K4-00275-00149250-00149758 The point of doing it during Lockdown was: we wanted it to be live, we wanted there to be a community, +zGQztgdg4K4-00276-00149758-00150368 we interact with the live chat people, we get live when we do science shows, we do live science Q&A, +zGQztgdg4K4-00277-00150368-00151006 so people were sending in questions and responding to stuff; if one of the scientists doesn't know an answer, +zGQztgdg4K4-00278-00151008-00151480 which occasionally happens, we'll have someone in the chat that might know something. +zGQztgdg4K4-00279-00151480-00152322 And if it's live, you just - you need to accept that things are going to go wrong, and not really worry about it. +zGQztgdg4K4-00280-00152322-00152918 People are gonna have different crappy broadband qualities, sometimes things are going to drop out, +zGQztgdg4K4-00281-00152918-00153568 and that's fine; that makes it more human, that makes it part of the experience. +zGQztgdg4K4-00282-00153570-00154192 And that's why, apart from the stuff we do, we're now producing some stuff for other societies and +zGQztgdg4K4-00283-00154192-00154654 other podcasts, who basically go: we just want our performers and speakers to be able to do it +zGQztgdg4K4-00284-00154654-00155156 and not worry about how they're going to do it. So we did - last night, it was a technical disaster +zGQztgdg4K4-00285-00155156-00155682 if you watched it, but last night, we did the off-menu podcast live; James Acaster has Virgin Media, +zGQztgdg4K4-00286-00155682-00156216 which doesn't work at the moment, but all he essentially had to do was do the podcast +zGQztgdg4K4-00287-00156216-00156592 and we can handle everything in the back end and stream that out. +zGQztgdg4K4-00288-00156592-00157412 And then the third thing we get, which is kind of relevant to this as well, is we don't do any screen sharing stuff; +zGQztgdg4K4-00289-00157412-00158218 we can do it, Zoom is very good at doing it, but we feel like with our live shows, if you've got someone on stage, +zGQztgdg4K4-00290-00158218-00158618 and they're talking to the audience, and they've got their PowerPoints behind them, +zGQztgdg4K4-00291-00158618-00159144 it's still a three dimensional experience: there's a person moving and there's a screen. +zGQztgdg4K4-00292-00159144-00159810 When you do that online you're just watching a PowerPoint presentation in a meeting and who cares? +zGQztgdg4K4-00293-00159810-00160368 We've got people - Helen Cherski I'm making draw graphs out and hold them up to screens, +zGQztgdg4K4-00294-00160368-00161086 anyone that's got stills, print them out and hold them up; as proof of that I can show you a picture in here: +zGQztgdg4K4-00295-00161086-00161618 So this is an example of our - because I'm not putting it on screen, I'll - +zGQztgdg4K4-00296-00161618-00162042 See, this is the fun of live, I should have had this prepared earlier and I don't! +zGQztgdg4K4-00297-00162042-00162458 talk amongst yourselves, it's here somewhere... Maybe it isn't. There it is! +zGQztgdg4K4-00298-00162458-00163318 ...Part of our little home set up is that we've got - (I can't see myself at the moment) - two screens running, +zGQztgdg4K4-00299-00163318-00163858 where we've got the - (oop, down there) - we've got a Skype call, we've got a green room, +zGQztgdg4K4-00300-00163858-00164358 and we've got a mixing software, so we can see what's happening, what's going out live. +zGQztgdg4K4-00301-00164358-00165050 It does break your brain a little bit, because you've got - for the shows happening in four different time speeds +zGQztgdg4K4-00302-00165050-00165726 so Skype is going at one, then the mixing software's five seconds delayed, then YouTube is about 30 seconds +zGQztgdg4K4-00303-00165726-00166238 delayed, Twitch is at about ten seconds delay, Vimeo is [a different amount delayed]. +zGQztgdg4K4-00304-00166238-00166954 So I only listen to the Skype call, because then I can mix it live essentially, and catch up with things; +zGQztgdg4K4-00305-00166954-00167658 so the YouTube chat is always behind, so that takes a bit of getting used to, but it's just an easier way to do it. +zGQztgdg4K4-00306-00167658-00169054 My main advice would be: if you've got the option to have a mixer or producer or a person, use them, get them to do it. +zGQztgdg4K4-00307-00169054-00169676 Don't make your speaker's mix themselves and have to worry about everything else at the same time. +zGQztgdg4K4-00308-00169676-00170268 And just accept that it's going to go wrong. No-one wants to be doing this, it's all complete [not clear]. +zGQztgdg4K4-00309-00170268-00170864 We're doing a show on next Sunday night, we're meant to be live at the Albert Hall, which we're obviously not; +zGQztgdg4K4-00310-00170864-00171682 we're gonna do the same three hour show, with 37 guests, live, online, in about eight different countries; +zGQztgdg4K4-00311-00171682-00172336 it's going to break, it's going to be absolute chaos, but that's kind of part of the marketing of it now! +zGQztgdg4K4-00312-00172336-00172666 It's gonna go weird that's what we're gonna do. +zGQztgdg4K4-00313-00172668-00173364 That's kind of everything from me, I guess; try and get someone to run your back end if you can, +zGQztgdg4K4-00314-00173364-00173980 accept everything's going to go wrong and celebrate that it's gonna go wrong! +zGQztgdg4K4-00315-00174078-00174638 OK, thanks! Right, so let's let's all have our little reactions and get some get some claps going there +zGQztgdg4K4-00316-00174638-00175556 All right, thank you very much. That's excellent, it's great to see, sort of a contrasting approach there, +zGQztgdg4K4-00317-00175556-00176388 sort of a totally different way of doing it. So we come to our third and final speaker, Cat Lamin, +zGQztgdg4K4-00318-00176388-00177180 who was a primary school teacher, and in 2016 became an educational consultant in computing science. +zGQztgdg4K4-00319-00177180-00177936 So I see from her website that she knows all about those fun things: Raspberry Pi's and Micro Bits, so that's good. +zGQztgdg4K4-00320-00177936-00178868 She's certified as an educator by Google and Apple and she's also a Google certified innovator and trainer +zGQztgdg4K4-00321-00178868-00179306 and has been running virtual maths lessons for her tutoring students since the Lockdown began. +zGQztgdg4K4-00322-00179306-00180254 She's also been running mental health chats - [noise] - Oh, somebody's at it again, in the background... +zGQztgdg4K4-00323-00180254-00180908 OK, I'll start that sentence again: She's also been running mental health chats for teachers through Google Meet +zGQztgdg4K4-00324-00180908-00181234 So anyway, take it away Cat! +zGQztgdg4K4-00325-00181234-00181688 A small amount of imposter syndrome kicking in right now after everyone else has spoken +zGQztgdg4K4-00326-00181688-00182306 because I'm just a teacher, so this is slightly different angle on everything. +zGQztgdg4K4-00327-00182306-00182828 As was mentioned, I'm a G suite user so I'm gonna be - I'm sorry you have got my other half in the background, +zGQztgdg4K4-00328-00182828-00183194 he's on a work meeting so I hope he's not too disruptive. +zGQztgdg4K4-00329-00183194-00183870 Yeah, so I'm a teacher by profession but actually now what I do more often is train teachers, +zGQztgdg4K4-00330-00183870-00184244 mostly in G suite, so lots and lots of work with Google Meet. +zGQztgdg4K4-00331-00184244-00184624 I thought I would actually just do a little bit of clarification about Google, +zGQztgdg4K4-00332-00184624-00185078 because I know people have heard of Google Classroom, Google Meet, don't really know what's going on there, +zGQztgdg4K4-00333-00185078-00185494 but it's sort of the ecosystem: it's all around the ecosystem 'G Suite for Education'. +zGQztgdg4K4-00334-00185494-00186044 (I'm very aware I've got a lot of white space) So G suite for education includes +zGQztgdg4K4-00335-00186044-00186726 all these different bits of software, which is: Docs, Sheets, Forms, Sites, +zGQztgdg4K4-00336-00186726-00187270 loads of really cool things like that, and obviously Meet, which is the video sharing platform +zGQztgdg4K4-00337-00187270-00187762 and I use that for most of my interactions. Because what I'm doing is a lot of maths work, +zGQztgdg4K4-00338-00187762-00188270 I use Meet integrated with something called 'Jamboard' which I'm going to share with you in just a moment. +zGQztgdg4K4-00339-00188270-00188510 I'm just building up to it, because I have to switch devices. +zGQztgdg4K4-00340-00188514-00189012 Now I'm feeling really like I shouldn't share my device after Trent said that, so I'm like (small noise). +zGQztgdg4K4-00341-00189012-00189654 So what I'm going to do is I'm just going to basically talk you through a few tools that I use for teaching maths +zGQztgdg4K4-00342-00189654-00190096 because it's a completely different perspective to the other guys, but hey-ho! +zGQztgdg4K4-00343-00190096-00190686 And talk about how I do online teaching, because that's what I now do; lots of online maths, +zGQztgdg4K4-00344-00190686-00191320 lots of online other stuff. In fact, next week I'm going to be doing a primary maths webinar, +zGQztgdg4K4-00345-00191320-00191766 so if anyone's got any suggestions for cool and interesting ways to teach maths online +zGQztgdg4K4-00346-00191766-00192306 I would love to hear what you are suggesting, because I think sometimes if we're just delivering content +zGQztgdg4K4-00347-00192312-00192764 it gets a bit boring, so I want to try and think of really exciting ways to make maths exciting. +zGQztgdg4K4-00348-00192764-00193246 So, let me just share my other device, because that's how I do things nowadays +zGQztgdg4K4-00349-00193246-00193952 because I'm really cool like that. +zGQztgdg4K4-00350-00193952-00194734 So hopefully you can see this one... I'm afraid it's decided to re-open things that I'd already closed. +zGQztgdg4K4-00351-00194734-00195242 So, the first thing I'm going to show you is Google Docs, which I'm sure you're all familiar with; +zGQztgdg4K4-00352-00195242-00195746 it looks like Word, and I'm really lucky that I use an extension called "EquatIO" +zGQztgdg4K4-00353-00195746-00196470 and hopefully some of you will quite like this: if I click on the pencil icon I've got a little stylus +zGQztgdg4K4-00354-00196470-00196818 for this particular device because it's touchscreen... +zGQztgdg4K4-00355-00197212-00197778 (My Chromebook's decided to have a little hissy fit with me...) +zGQztgdg4K4-00356-00197782-00198164 You'll notice it's turning it rather helpfully +zGQztgdg4K4-00357-00198164-00198500 into a mathematical equation on the right there. +zGQztgdg4K4-00358-00198500-00198738 I know I'm really repeating myself as well; +zGQztgdg4K4-00359-00198738-00198962 I'm obviously nervous about talking +zGQztgdg4K4-00360-00198962-00199118 in front of all of these famous people. +zGQztgdg4K4-00361-00199118-00199556 So what EquatIO does is very, very simply +zGQztgdg4K4-00362-00199556-00200170 allows you to create maths that you can insert easily. +zGQztgdg4K4-00363-00200170-00200828 Now, rather annoyingly, Chrome OS is throwing a little hissy fit at me... there we go. +zGQztgdg4K4-00364-00200832-00201406 So it inserts the maths as an image which can then be copied and pasted. +zGQztgdg4K4-00365-00201406-00201924 So basically, whatever I typed in, it decided to turn it into that as an image +zGQztgdg4K4-00366-00201924-00202148 so I can copy and paste that into other documents. +zGQztgdg4K4-00367-00202148-00202604 So it's really nice if you're doing a maths worksheet for students. +zGQztgdg4K4-00368-00202604-00203238 You can also draw a graph very easily; in fact, it's just graphed the last bit of information I've done. +zGQztgdg4K4-00369-00203238-00203668 You can type it in - type in your formula. +zGQztgdg4K4-00370-00203668-00204358 It's also got symbols, it's got some pre-written equations. +zGQztgdg4K4-00371-00204358-00204816 Sorry, I keep bringing up my touch bar at the bottom which is rather irritating... +zGQztgdg4K4-00372-00204816-00205667 Let's look up the quadratic... (helps if I can spell) +zGQztgdg4K4-00373-00205667-00205954 Ah, I meant to it in that one +zGQztgdg4K4-00374-00205954-00206252 Then it will just drop that one in for you. +zGQztgdg4K4-00375-00206252-00206692 The nice thing about G-Suite is you've got something called "Forms", +zGQztgdg4K4-00376-00206692-00207054 and forms let you do quizzes, and quizzes can be self marking. +zGQztgdg4K4-00377-00207054-00207542 so if I click up here I've got "Quizzes", and I can make this a quiz that's self marking +zGQztgdg4K4-00378-00207542-00208146 you can see a basic maths question here, and I've got an answer key +zGQztgdg4K4-00379-00208146-00208434 so I know what the correct answer is, it's 27. +zGQztgdg4K4-00380-00208434-00208756 If my student looks at it they just see it like this: +zGQztgdg4K4-00381-00208756-00209576 but I've also used that EquatIO again to create this document down here: "Factorise fully..." +zGQztgdg4K4-00382-00209576-00210030 The pupils just select the right answer. You can see I've input those images really easily +zGQztgdg4K4-00383-00210030-00210369 with a click; so it's just a case of using the EquatIO icon on the side. +zGQztgdg4K4-00384-00210369-00211132 So this is a quiz I can assign my students, they can work it out and mark it themselves, +zGQztgdg4K4-00385-00211132-00211491 and that's where Google classroom comes into it. +zGQztgdg4K4-00386-00211491-00211980 (I'm going to stop sharing my screen now, be prepared for everything to go horribly wrong because it broke - +zGQztgdg4K4-00387-00211980-00212140 oh, no, it didn't break everything this time) +zGQztgdg4K4-00388-00212140-00212676 Google classroom is another tool G-Suite make, but it's a classroom management tool. +zGQztgdg4K4-00389-00212676-00213112 So it's all about sharing with a group of students, it's like Facebook for kids, +zGQztgdg4K4-00390-00213112-00213400 and that's what I use it for more than anything when I'm teaching a whole class. +zGQztgdg4K4-00391-00213400-00213794 So you've got this sort of environment with G-Suite where you've +zGQztgdg4K4-00392-00213794-00214321 got loads and loads of different things you can do, but it's all under one sign-in, +zGQztgdg4K4-00393-00214321-00214846 and the nice thing is it's completely free for schools, so you don't have to worry about the accounts, +zGQztgdg4K4-00394-00214848-00215140 they're much more protected, because you've created the accounts; +zGQztgdg4K4-00395-00215140-00215726 everything they're doing is loosely monitored, stored in Google Vault, which is only accessible by admins; +zGQztgdg4K4-00396-00215726-00216300 so if they are using email there's transcripts of it, there's all that kind of stuff. As a teacher, it's much, much safer. +zGQztgdg4K4-00397-00216300-00216742 Mathigon is another really great tool - I've just seen that pop up in the chat. +zGQztgdg4K4-00398-00216742-00217219 I'm talking really quickly, I'm sorry, I do that sometimes when I'm nervous. +zGQztgdg4K4-00399-00217219-00217698 The other thing about EquatIO is that I spoke to them yesterday +zGQztgdg4K4-00400-00217700-00218262 and they said anybody in this call is welcome to have a completely free copy of it. +zGQztgdg4K4-00401-00218262-00218960 So it's a extension that goes onto Google Chrome, you just need a Gmail account to log into it. +zGQztgdg4K4-00402-00219010-00219942 If I drop that link in the chat; basically Patrick said if you can give him your name, email address, institution or +zGQztgdg4K4-00403-00219942-00220554 company, he will set you up with a free account for EquatIO, so if you want to use it you are welcome to, +zGQztgdg4K4-00404-00220554-00220904 which is very kind of him. +zGQztgdg4K4-00405-00220904-00221636 So as I said, most of my stuff is done through Google Meet; Google Meet is slightly more simple than Zoom, +zGQztgdg4K4-00406-00221636-00222390 in the sense that it was a very new product. They were using hangouts as a very simple video tool, +zGQztgdg4K4-00407-00222392-00222996 they started to build Meet as a business tool, and then suddenly this happened. +zGQztgdg4K4-00408-00222996-00223476 So they've been rapidly, rapidly changing it to suit education. +zGQztgdg4K4-00409-00223476-00223906 So originally you couldn't see multiple participants at a time, you could only see one; +zGQztgdg4K4-00410-00223906-00224473 you could only see one if there were more than four people in the chat and now you can see 16; +zGQztgdg4K4-00411-00224473-00225336 anyone could join a meet if they had the link; now they've made it so that only students can join a Meet +zGQztgdg4K4-00412-00225336-00225767 if the teacher's created the Meet, and things like that; it's it's sort of on really rapid upgrade. +zGQztgdg4K4-00413-00225769-00226200 So I've just seen a question: "Can you use Google Meet with students at other schools?" +zGQztgdg4K4-00414-00226200-00226904 If the schools allowed it. Google's all managed at a school level, so if pupils have a student account, +zGQztgdg4K4-00415-00226904-00227567 it's up to the school to decide whether or not they can use products outside of the school domain; +zGQztgdg4K4-00416-00227567-00228056 it's very, very easy to micromanage accounts. I am a Google trainer which means I have my own +zGQztgdg4K4-00417-00228056-00228654 training domain, so I can basically create accounts for my students on G-Suite that act like education accounts +zGQztgdg4K4-00418-00228654-00229234 and I can operate them, manage them. To become a Google trainer you have to do two online tests +zGQztgdg4K4-00419-00229234-00229580 and then submit a video demonstrating how you train. +zGQztgdg4K4-00420-00229580-00230508 I've got a speaker in the background that's talking - sorry, there we go, gotta love it! +zGQztgdg4K4-00421-00230508-00231132 Oh what I didn't mention, sorry, because I was so distracted. +zGQztgdg4K4-00422-00231132-00231502 So one of the G-Suite tools is something called Jamboard, and again it's another tool that +zGQztgdg4K4-00423-00231502-00232130 was made for business first, because they basically want to sell movable interactive whiteboards +zGQztgdg4K4-00424-00232130-00232873 that you move around the office, and they are collaborative whiteboards. +zGQztgdg4K4-00425-00232873-00233294 The nice thing is that you don't need a Chromebook to use Jamboard, +zGQztgdg4K4-00426-00233294-00233742 sorry, you don't need a Jamboard to use Jamboard, because Jamboard is hardware and software. +zGQztgdg4K4-00427-00233746-00234300 The software's free; if you've got a touchscreen device you can use jam board natively in browser, +zGQztgdg4K4-00428-00234300-00234819 so you can just draw on the screen; it's a fantastic tool and it's all integrated. +zGQztgdg4K4-00429-00234819-00235448 So what I do in my maths lessons generally, although I've got EquatIO, what I do is I'll have a Meet running, +zGQztgdg4K4-00430-00235448-00235869 and then I'll also have my Jamboard; now my students have their mobile phone with the Jamboard on, +zGQztgdg4K4-00431-00235869-00236256 and they can follow along with what I'm doing, or they can scribble on, or whatever they want, +zGQztgdg4K4-00432-00236256-00236662 and if they're lucky enough to have an iPad, even better - they've got a second device they can scribble on. +zGQztgdg4K4-00433-00236662-00237130 It means that then I've got two workspaces, because I can keep eye contact, +zGQztgdg4K4-00434-00237130-00237667 but I've also got something I can scribble on down here that the students can see. +zGQztgdg4K4-00435-00237667-00238128 That was sort of my Whistlestop tour of G-Suite for Education. Sorry, I definitely lost the thread a bit there +zGQztgdg4K4-00436-00238128-00238246 and burbled. +zGQztgdg4K4-00437-00238248-00238560 Thank you very much for having me +zGQztgdg4K4-00438-00238560-00239498 Thanks for that excellent talk! Everybody can give their claps and thumbs up to show their appreciation. +zGQztgdg4K4-00439-00239498-00240130 You might want to have a look at the responses to the bit of a start where it says "just a teacher" - +zGQztgdg4K4-00440-00240130-00240928 everybody's sending their support! So anyway, that was great from all three speakers! +zGQztgdg4K4-00441-00240928-00241329 We have lots of different perspectives there so that was that was fantastic. +zGQztgdg4K4-00442-00241330-00241858 What I'm gonna do now is hand over to Ben who's gonna run the question and answer session for us. +zGVfUFIN5B0-00000-00001607-00002020 The story of communications by post, telegraph, +zGVfUFIN5B0-00001-00002039-00002472 telephone and radio is a fascinating study of mechanical +zGVfUFIN5B0-00002-00002492-00002796 development, a story made possible by the vision +zGVfUFIN5B0-00003-00002816-00003260 of the engineer in the field and in the laboratory +zGVfUFIN5B0-00004-00003332-00003792 today, a hand with a telephone receiver while a finger twist to the dial +zGVfUFIN5B0-00005-00003811-00004356 of an automatic phone in less time than it takes to tell to people are in speech. +zGVfUFIN5B0-00006-00004376-00004660 Contact distance is eliminated. +zGVfUFIN5B0-00007-00004680-00005056 The handicaps of the past exist no more. +zGVfUFIN5B0-00008-00005076-00005504 Although as early as 1859, Tasmania was linked to the mainland +zGVfUFIN5B0-00009-00005524-00005828 of Australia via cable laid across the street. +zGVfUFIN5B0-00010-00005848-00006048 This could be used only for telegraph +zGVfUFIN5B0-00011-00006068-00006444 communication with the laying of a new submarine cable. +zGVfUFIN5B0-00012-00006464-00006644 The Post Office achieved its ambition +zGVfUFIN5B0-00013-00006664-00006976 of linking by telephone all the states of the Commonwealth +zGVfUFIN5B0-00014-00006995-00007404 and making available to the people of Tasmania and King Island facilities, +zGVfUFIN5B0-00015-00007423-00007908 which had long been enjoyed by residents in other parts of the Commonwealth. +zGVfUFIN5B0-00016-00007928-00008344 Many months of intensive research preceded the placing of the order for the necessary +zGVfUFIN5B0-00017-00008364-00008768 cable with Mr Siemen's Brothers in England. +zGVfUFIN5B0-00018-00008788-00009384 Three repeater stations were directed at Apollo Bay, King Island and Firkins Bay +zGVfUFIN5B0-00019-00009404-00009776 and equipment installed in readiness for the Great Adventure. +zGVfUFIN5B0-00020-00009796-00010244 This was to be the longest cable of its kind and the most modern in the world, +zGVfUFIN5B0-00021-00010264-00010592 and the eyes of all communications authorities, as well as the engineering +zGVfUFIN5B0-00022-00010612-00011128 world, went upon Australia as the task was commenced. +zGVfUFIN5B0-00023-00011472-00011704 The route followed runs from Apollo Bay, +zGVfUFIN5B0-00024-00011724-00012392 Victoria to King Island, then to Perkins Bay near Stanley, Tasmania. +zGVfUFIN5B0-00025-00012412-00012944 Land connects the cable to Melbourne and Hobart, respectively. +zGVfUFIN5B0-00026-00012976-00013291 Preliminary arrangements and the plotting of the course which the cable was +zGVfUFIN5B0-00027-00013312-00013856 to follow, had earlier been made by skilled post office engineers +zGVfUFIN5B0-00028-00013896-00014168 after they arrived in Australian waters +zGVfUFIN5B0-00029-00014188-00014724 with more than 161 nautical miles of submarine cables carefully stowed +zGVfUFIN5B0-00030-00014744-00015384 in four circular tanks beneath the hatches and was immediately taken to Apollo Bay. +zGVfUFIN5B0-00031-00015404-00015576 Here, a close inspection was made +zGVfUFIN5B0-00032-00015596-00016088 of the spot at which the Victorian end of the cable was to be brought ashore. +zGVfUFIN5B0-00033-00016212-00016396 The ship then proceeded to King Island +zGVfUFIN5B0-00034-00016416-00016820 on a similar quest while at Apollo Bay, work at once commenced on the digging +zGVfUFIN5B0-00035-00016840-00017204 of a trench from the beach to the repeater station +zGVfUFIN5B0-00036-00017224-00017344 in this trench. +zGVfUFIN5B0-00037-00017364-00017748 The short end of the cable was to be late. +zGVfUFIN5B0-00038-00017816-00018016 Installed in the repeater station is +zGVfUFIN5B0-00039-00018020-00018384 intricate equipment for amplification of the current passing through the cable +zGVfUFIN5B0-00040-00018404-00018876 so that it will reach its destination without loss of strength. +zGVfUFIN5B0-00041-00019044-00019532 The Faraday then returned to Apollo Bay, placing McEvoy's at intervals of five +zGVfUFIN5B0-00042-00019552-00020088 miles to facilitate the laying of the cable on the return journey. +zGVfUFIN5B0-00043-00020108-00020448 These boys are fitted with an ingenious timing device, +zGVfUFIN5B0-00044-00020468-00020924 which light the lamp at sunset and automatically switches it off at sunrise. +zGVfUFIN5B0-00045-00020944-00021404 And so one shipping of their presence during the night. +zGVfUFIN5B0-00046-00021480-00021664 To land the short end of the cable +zGVfUFIN5B0-00047-00021684-00022240 and pull them to the repeater station, the ship's own hauling gear was used +zGVfUFIN5B0-00048-00022260-00022480 to send anchors were buried in the beach +zGVfUFIN5B0-00049-00022500-00022976 about 60 yards apart and fully blocks made up to them. +zGVfUFIN5B0-00050-00022996-00023236 The same anchor consisted of a heavy black +zGVfUFIN5B0-00051-00023256-00023772 wooden structure, which was buried to a depth of about four feet. +zGVfUFIN5B0-00052-00023800-00024252 Chains fastened to the boards were brought to the surface and to these chains were +zGVfUFIN5B0-00053-00024272-00024656 attached to the pulley blocks around which the holding rope trembled +zGVfUFIN5B0-00054-00024676-00024800 from the stern of the ship. +zGVfUFIN5B0-00055-00024820-00025340 A rope passed through the pulley blocks and thence to the winch on the belt. +zGVfUFIN5B0-00056-00025400-00025608 The cable was attached to the stern in +zGVfUFIN5B0-00057-00025627-00026060 the winch operator, and slowly the cable was drawn ashore. +zGVfUFIN5B0-00058-00026080-00026404 Drums were affixed to the cable at intervals to floated ashore, +zGVfUFIN5B0-00059-00026424-00026908 thus keeping it off the seabed and reducing the stream. +zGVfUFIN5B0-00060-00028012-00028380 When sufficient length was assured, these drums were cut off +zGVfUFIN5B0-00061-00028400-00028927 and the cables sank to its beloved place on the bed of the ocean. +zGVfUFIN5B0-00062-00029039-00029239 The Victorian inmate in the trench +zGVfUFIN5B0-00063-00029260-00029639 and connected in the repeater station, the anchor was waved and the ship +zGVfUFIN5B0-00064-00029660-00030032 commenced laying the first section of the case. +zGVfUFIN5B0-00065-00030632-00031148 Rolling to a long, steady swell, mile after mile of cable rippled steadily +zGVfUFIN5B0-00066-00031168-00031539 from the tanks to the blue depths of street, +zGVfUFIN5B0-00067-00031560-00032252 history was being made and the post office ideal of years was well underway. +zGVfUFIN5B0-00068-00032627-00033104 The cables, for technical reasons, was made in enfolding +zGVfUFIN5B0-00069-00033136-00033504 when approximately half the distance between Apollo Bay and King Island +zGVfUFIN5B0-00070-00033524-00034156 constituting the northern section, had been laid the cable and was void. +zGVfUFIN5B0-00071-00035684-00036008 At King Island, the cable was floated ashore in a manner +zGVfUFIN5B0-00072-00036009-00036364 similar to that of the Apollo Bay, and the ship then moved back over her +zGVfUFIN5B0-00073-00036384-00036864 route while playing the second leg of the northern section. +zGVfUFIN5B0-00074-00036884-00037080 When the intermediate spot was reached, +zGVfUFIN5B0-00075-00037100-00037648 the two ends were drawn and dropped in 50 gallons of water. +zGVfUFIN5B0-00076-00037856-00038412 Then came the laying of the southern section from King Island to Perkins' Bay +zGVfUFIN5B0-00077-00038432-00038556 as the cable was made, +zGVfUFIN5B0-00078-00038576-00038904 the strain to which it was being subjected was measured on a dime. +zGVfUFIN5B0-00079-00038924-00039056 The moment that. +zGVfUFIN5B0-00080-00039188-00039388 Engineers had previously calculated +zGVfUFIN5B0-00081-00039408-00039724 the point at which tension would become dangerous. +zGVfUFIN5B0-00082-00040596-00040920 After the tootling bombing, the southern section will aid +zGVfUFIN5B0-00083-00040940-00041312 the Boyden's were brought aboard the Saturday, and the important work +zGVfUFIN5B0-00084-00041332-00041768 of making the final joint was carried out during the night in a heavy swell. +zGVfUFIN5B0-00085-00041848-00042020 The cable jointer is, of course, +zGVfUFIN5B0-00086-00042040-00042484 especially at considerable care and long experience, unnecessary in the making +zGVfUFIN5B0-00087-00042504-00043012 of a joint which will for many years withstand the rigors of the sea floor. +zGVfUFIN5B0-00088-00043032-00043216 Although careful soundings are made +zGVfUFIN5B0-00089-00043236-00043744 to avoid deep sea valleys or precipices, the ocean bed with its jagged rocks, +zGVfUFIN5B0-00090-00043764-00044124 marine growth and all the rest of Neptune's goods +zGVfUFIN5B0-00091-00044144-00044612 and chattels provides a formidable problem for the engineer. +zGVfUFIN5B0-00092-00044632-00044796 The slightest weakness in the joints +zGVfUFIN5B0-00093-00044816-00045224 and the work of months may have to be done all over again. +zGVfUFIN5B0-00094-00045244-00045616 But everything went well and the completed cable was dropped over +zGVfUFIN5B0-00095-00045636-00046100 the side of the vessel at four o'clock in the morning in 32 fathoms of water. +zGVfUFIN5B0-00096-00046120-00046308 And so was established telephonic +zGVfUFIN5B0-00097-00046328-00046772 communication between Tasmania and the mainland. +zGVfUFIN5B0-00098-00046792-00047264 Anxious engineers and perspiring Mennonite heaved a sigh of relief. +zGVfUFIN5B0-00099-00047284-00047804 Another job was done successfully, but there was something more. +zGVfUFIN5B0-00100-00047824-00048052 Another link had been forged in that chain +zGVfUFIN5B0-00101-00048066-00048376 of post office communications, which brings together the people +zGVfUFIN5B0-00102-00048396-00048920 of the Commonwealth and provides an outlet to the rest of the civilized world +zGVfUFIN5B0-00103-00048940-00049364 that is now looked closely at this modern cable. +zGVfUFIN5B0-00104-00049448-00049908 This fictionalise, you showed it's component's. +zGVfUFIN5B0-00105-00049996-00050544 As we examine it, we see the protective wire armoring. +zGVfUFIN5B0-00106-00050680-00051180 Then the union, which formed a bid for the armory. +zGVfUFIN5B0-00107-00051255-00051640 Here is the Koppa return conducted, which is covered by a metal tape +zGVfUFIN5B0-00108-00051660-00052067 which predicts the conductor the is from Marine. +zGVfUFIN5B0-00109-00052088-00052296 In the center is the single copper +zGVfUFIN5B0-00110-00052316-00052720 conductor with a diameter of slightly more than one eighth of an inch. +zGVfUFIN5B0-00111-00052740-00053160 This is surrounded by an insulating layer of feragut that +zGVfUFIN5B0-00112-00053179-00053360 the overall diameter of the cable, +zGVfUFIN5B0-00113-00053379-00053736 including the protective covering, is only an inch and a half. +zGVfUFIN5B0-00114-00053755-00054044 This unique cable allows no fewer than six +zGVfUFIN5B0-00115-00054064-00054624 telephone and seven high speed telegraph channels and also one broadcast channel +zGVfUFIN5B0-00116-00054644-00055079 to be operated simultaneously to the residents of Tasmania. +zGVfUFIN5B0-00117-00055100-00055396 More than 34 million telephone subscribers +zGVfUFIN5B0-00118-00055416-00055976 in practically every country of the world have been brought within reach. +zGVfUFIN5B0-00119-00055996-00056220 The vision of the past is the triumph +zGVfUFIN5B0-00120-00056240-00056572 of the prince made possible by the post office. +zGVfUFIN5B0-00121-00056591-00057024 Australia's National Communications Service. +zGVfUFIN5B0-00122-00058191-00058200 The. +zK0aLH38IKQ-00000-00000156-00000994 v Tapestry, teaming to promote, cultivate and support real-world learning solutions. +zK0aLH38IKQ-00001-00000994-00001509 With decades of related experience, our core team leverages the expertise of an extensive +zK0aLH38IKQ-00002-00001509-00002150 network of innovators - across education, technology and publishing through educational +zK0aLH38IKQ-00003-00002150-00002896 technology, information technology and distance education. +zK0aLH38IKQ-00004-00002896-00003503 Our spOtOn model defines a new realm of professional collaboration with mutually beneficial incentives +zK0aLH38IKQ-00005-00003503-00003722 for all stakeholders. +zK0aLH38IKQ-00006-00003722-00004250 Practicing office specialists work with a teacher preparation program to produce a self-contained +zK0aLH38IKQ-00007-00004250-00004801 reusable learning module that is credible, affordable, and sustainable. +zK0aLH38IKQ-00008-00004801-00005373 Linking that into an expert community of practice affords proactive professional development +zK0aLH38IKQ-00009-00005373-00005873 for real-world learning solutions. +zK0aLH38IKQ-00010-00005873-00006441 Our self-contained learning modules – like nSIGHTS – aim to raise awareness of impacts +zK0aLH38IKQ-00011-00006441-00007420 on the learning environment and extend existing programs through cross-disciplinary collaborations. +zK0aLH38IKQ-00012-00007420-00007968 Designed for today’s teachers, targeted information is credible, affordable, and accessible +zK0aLH38IKQ-00013-00007968-00008253 – and supported in real-time! +zK0aLH38IKQ-00014-00008253-00009025 Key content areas include appreciation, knowledge, awareness, understanding, and resources - all +zK0aLH38IKQ-00015-00009025-00009503 supported through social media. +zK0aLH38IKQ-00016-00009503-00010002 Our target audience of self-directed life-long learners cares as much about their students +zK0aLH38IKQ-00017-00010002-00010256 as we – and you – do. +zK0aLH38IKQ-00018-00010256-00010478 That's why we issue Mozilla Open Badges. +zK0aLH38IKQ-00019-00010478-00011032 In a higher education setting, digital badges are symbols that represent discrete academic +zK0aLH38IKQ-00020-00011032-00012156 achievements or valued skills not represented by course outcomes or a degree. +zK0aLH38IKQ-00021-00012156-00012675 Engaging ALL stakeholders – from the very beginning – is critical for effective development +zK0aLH38IKQ-00022-00012675-00012911 and efficient production. +zK0aLH38IKQ-00023-00012911-00013435 The DESIGN Phase involves Subject Matter Experts and centers on Market Analysis and Content +zK0aLH38IKQ-00024-00013435-00013593 Outline. +zK0aLH38IKQ-00025-00013593-00014050 The BUILD Phase involves the Community of Practice and focuses on Technical Set up and +zK0aLH38IKQ-00026-00014050-00014288 Content Production. +zK0aLH38IKQ-00027-00014288-00014828 The RELEASE Phase involves the End-user Audience and encompasses project Pilot Testing and +zK0aLH38IKQ-00028-00014828-00015034 Final Release! +zK0aLH38IKQ-00029-00015034-00015583 The PROMOTE Phase involves Cross-disciplinary Teams initially through Conference Presentations +zK0aLH38IKQ-00030-00015583-00015936 and Scholarly/popular Publications. +zK0aLH38IKQ-00031-00015936-00016425 vTapestry orchestrates effective development and efficient production by drawing the right +zK0aLH38IKQ-00032-00016425-00016897 elements from the right contributors in the right ways at the right times. +zK0aLH38IKQ-00033-00016897-00017461 Careful attention to the needs and limitations of each team member and independent entity +zK0aLH38IKQ-00034-00017461-00017926 ensures all necessary elements will be in place and that all participants are fully +zK0aLH38IKQ-00035-00017926-00018620 prepared when learners enter. +zK0aLH38IKQ-00036-00018620-00019115 We are ‘tipping’ the silos of traditional academic boundaries to join many ‘small +zK0aLH38IKQ-00037-00019115-00019668 pieces’ within a tightly woven ‘3-D’ ecosystem. +zK0aLH38IKQ-00038-00019668-00020844 spOtOn projects are literally 3 D: multi-Disciplinary, multi-Dimensional, and multi-Directional. +zK0aLH38IKQ-00039-00020844-00021452 We really do want YOU to ‘buy in’ to this collaborative effort... figuratively for sure +zK0aLH38IKQ-00040-00021452-00021708 – and literally as you can! +zK0aLH38IKQ-00041-00021708-00022343 So Let’s BUILD nSIGHTS – together! +zK0aLH38IKQ-00042-00022343-00024279 Find out more at http://fundly.com/let-s-build-nsights. +zK0aLH38IKQ-00043-00024279-00024807 We greatly appreciate the dedicated support of many partners during this BUILD phase... +zK0aLH38IKQ-00044-00024807-00025492 especially COVD members: Dr. Dan Press, our Board Liaison and Dr. Charles Shidlofsky, +zK0aLH38IKQ-00045-00025492-00026135 our Task Force Chair, and the faculty, staff and students at The University of Texas at +zK0aLH38IKQ-00046-00026135-00026841 Dallas, namely the School of Interdisciplinary Studies and the Teacher Development Center. +zPAsr6K7pFk-00000-00000649-00000828 Welcome to the rocky shores +zPAsr6K7pFk-00001-00000828-00001210 of New England. Unlike the beaches that we have seen on Nantucket, +zPAsr6K7pFk-00002-00001210-00001544 as you can see, when you look around here, it is rocky. +zPAsr6K7pFk-00003-00001544-00001905 In fact, this rocky coast is common +zPAsr6K7pFk-00004-00001905-00002384 in passive margins, where you have a large continental shelf +zPAsr6K7pFk-00005-00002384-00002777 and no active tectonics. No active tectonics +zPAsr6K7pFk-00006-00002777-00003113 today, but 420 million years ago, +zPAsr6K7pFk-00007-00003113-00003804 this place was crazy. 420 million years ago, a volcanic arc slammed into North America +zPAsr6K7pFk-00008-00003870-00004182 and it accreted a piece of another continent--in other words, +zPAsr6K7pFk-00009-00004182-00004593 smashed it--and stuck it to the side of the continent +zPAsr6K7pFk-00010-00004593-00004903 so that I am actually sitting on a continent, called +zPAsr6K7pFk-00011-00004903-00005220 Avalon. I am no longer in North America. +zPAsr6K7pFk-00012-00005220-00005627 When you think about active tectonic settings, +zPAsr6K7pFk-00013-00005627-00006091 we think about coasts like Japan, where we have faults and earthquakes. +zPAsr6K7pFk-00014-00006091-00006450 Coasts like California also have faults and earthquakes. +zPAsr6K7pFk-00015-00006450-00006907 When you think of the east coast of the United States, or the west coast +zPAsr6K7pFk-00016-00006907-00007359 of Europe, it is boring and it is quiet. You have beautiful beaches. +zPAsr6K7pFk-00017-00007359-00007759 But remember, 420 million years ago, North America +zPAsr6K7pFk-00018-00007759-00008170 was crazy. A volcanic arc the size of Japan +zPAsr6K7pFk-00019-00008170-00008567 slammed into North America and put a new continent, +zPAsr6K7pFk-00020-00008567-00009117 Avalon, right here. As we've been exploring the coasts of the world, +zPAsr6K7pFk-00021-00009117-00009421 we have also been talking about the communities that inhabit them. +zPAsr6K7pFk-00022-00009421-00009972 When you have a rocky shore, you will often find flat, rock landscapes, that were used +zPAsr6K7pFk-00023-00009972-00010113 by Native Americans +zPAsr6K7pFk-00024-00010113-00010425 for fires, where they actually fished +zPAsr6K7pFk-00025-00010425-00010790 and de-boned and de-shelled the fish, +zPAsr6K7pFk-00026-00010790-00011350 cooked, camped and lived. So within the rock, you will also find a rich +zPAsr6K7pFk-00027-00011350-00011427 human history. +zdglAxeuFI0-00000-00000355-00000737 Hello, I'm Colin and here are the week's entertainment headlines from Pinksixty. +zdglAxeuFI0-00001-00000737-00001100 George Michael has been rushed to hospital in Vienna suffering from Pneumonia. +zdglAxeuFI0-00002-00001100-00001487 Symphonica Tour concerts in Vienna, Strasbourg and Cardiff are being rescheduled +zdglAxeuFI0-00003-00001487-00001853 and ticket holders will be emailed with details as soon as they're available. +zdglAxeuFI0-00004-00001853-00002207 'Boys In The Band' writer Mart Crowley has spoken about his friendship with actress +zdglAxeuFI0-00005-00002207-00002636 Natalie Wood, as the inquest into her death reopens after 30 years. +zdglAxeuFI0-00006-00002636-00003047 Revealing private details about their friendship and her tragic death, the exclusive interview +zdglAxeuFI0-00007-00003047-00003266 is published in full on Advocate.com. +zdglAxeuFI0-00008-00003266-00003807 Autofellatio, by James Maker has won the Polari First Book Prize this year. +zdglAxeuFI0-00009-00003807-00004223 The memoir traces the singer's life over the past 30 years and started as a self-published +zdglAxeuFI0-00010-00004223-00004493 ebook on website, Spoken Word. +zdglAxeuFI0-00011-00004493-00004789 Writer and Morrissey's muse, Shelagh Delaney has died aged 71. +zdglAxeuFI0-00012-00004789-00005128 Her play, 'A Taste of Honey', had one of the first positive depictions of +zdglAxeuFI0-00013-00005128-00005301 a gay character in fiction. +zdglAxeuFI0-00014-00005301-00005767 And finally, Lady Gaga releases a mini Christmas album today, featuring 4 tracks. +zdglAxeuFI0-00015-00005767-00006180 Her renditions of 'White Christmas' and 'Orange Coloured Sky' sit alongside her previous hits +zdglAxeuFI0-00016-00006180-00006422 'You & I' and 'Edge of Glory'. +zdglAxeuFI0-00017-00006422-00006543 That's all from us today. +zdglAxeuFI0-00018-00006543-00006634 Join us again tomorrow. +zh314a93Vky-00000-00000000-00000797 Analysts often use player comparisons to give fans a glimpse into what the future may hold for a certain prospect through the lens of a player we’re already familiar with. +zh314a93Vky-00001-00000797-00001494 But sometimes these comps do more harm than good. And it feels like this is exactly what’s happening with potential top pick Paolo Banchero. +zh314a93Vky-00002-00001494-00002191 He’s drawn comparisons to players like Blake Griffin, Juwan Howard, Julius Randle, David West, Carlos Boozer, and even Carmelo Anthony. +zh314a93Vky-00003-00002191-00002788 While that list combines for 22 all-star appearances and 14 All-NBA selections, none of them are quite like Paolo. +zh314a93Vky-00004-00002788-00003286 And we can sometimes get so caught up in trying to figure out which glass shoe worn by a star of the past fits him +zh314a93Vky-00005-00003286-00003683 that we miss how Paolo’s uniqueness can help him succeed in ways we’ve never seen before. +zh314a93Vky-00006-00003683-00004376 Paolo’s ability to blend the athletic traits of both a finesse and power athlete enable him to do some truly mind-boggling stuff. +zh314a93Vky-00007-00004376-00004873 Attacking off the dribble here he’s able to play small at first getting lower than his defender as he accelerates +zh314a93Vky-00008-00004873-00005571 before shifting back to playing big with a monstrous step seemingly teleporting himself past the defender for an easy lay-up. +zh314a93Vky-00009-00005571-00006168 His quick load time off of two feet allows him to sky up for ridiculous dunks. And while most players of his size can’t +zh314a93Vky-00010-00006168-00006565 Paolo’s capable of getting vertical off of one foot allowing him to get up through traffic for the slam here. +zh314a93Vky-00011-00006565-00006962 He has that blend of strength and quickness that make him a mismatch for almost any defender. +zh314a93Vky-00012-00006962-00007459 But it’s the combination of these traits with his skill and intelligence that make him so unique. +zh314a93Vky-00013-00007459-00008256 A ridiculously diverse 3-level scoring package starts along the perimeter where he prefers going left with a V-Pattern step-back to create open looks from deep. +zh314a93Vky-00014-00008256-00008850 He’s capable of flipping his hips extremely quickly after setting screens to pop out for an open jumper. +zh314a93Vky-00015-00008850-00009347 Moving inside the arc he makes it impossible for teams to switch 1 through 5 as he’ll cook any big in the mid-range. +zh314a93Vky-00016-00009347-00009944 After a between the legs crossover here the defender overcommits to cut off a drive to Paolo’s dominant right side +zh314a93Vky-00017-00009944-00010308 so he quickly pops back to his left for a wide-open foul line jumper. +zh314a93Vky-00018-00010308-00010805 His deadliest dribble move is a snatch-back crossover which he’ll often chain into a spin-move to create open looks at the rim. +zh314a93Vky-00019-00010805-00011502 And when driving from the wing he’ll often attack perpendicular to the basket setting himself up for a spin back inside of his defender. +zh314a93Vky-00020-00011502-00012099 On top of that his footwork in the post is impeccable. He’s elite at selling double pivot moves to his defender. +zh314a93Vky-00021-00012099-00012596 Taking advantage of his ability to get low going up and under defenders for easy looks at the rim. +zh314a93Vky-00022-00012596-00012993 Paolo has excellent touch as a finisher, but he tends to force finishes with his right. +zh314a93Vky-00023-00012993-00013590 Here he creates space to his left with his double pivot but forces the shot with his right which the defenders easily able to block. +zh314a93Vky-00024-00013590-00014188 Despite being incredibly polished as a scorer Paolo might actually be a better passer than scorer. His passing skill itself +zh314a93Vky-00025-00014188-00014885 is impressive here he up-fakes past a closeout collapsing the defense then firing a live dribble dump off to his big man. +zh314a93Vky-00026-00014885-00015482 He has both the touch to perfectly float in passes like this lob and the strength to rifle in quick reads through tight windows. +zh314a93Vky-00027-00015502-00016002 Not only does his scoring threat pull in defenders to create openings, but Paolo excels at reading and manipulating +zh314a93Vky-00028-00016040-00016740 weakside and overloaded defenders. Here as soon as the weakside defender steps up to stop his drive, Paolo places a perfect pass to the dunker spot. +zh314a93Vky-00029-00016740-00017237 Operating out of the pick and roll here the defense shows a soft hedge. His roll man slips into the space, but +zh314a93Vky-00030-00017237-00017834 Paolo knows that hedge he just saw means the opposing weakside defender is going to pre-rotate to stop that roller +zh314a93Vky-00031-00017834-00018431 so he waits for the defender to commit and kicks to the wide-open shooter on the wing. His usage of pace is advanced. +zh314a93Vky-00032-00018431-00018828 He sees two teammates on the weakside here in transition with only 1 Kentucky defender. +zh314a93Vky-00033-00018828-00019325 So, he slows down and just as the defender commits to the cutter Paolo floats a one-handed pass to the shooter. +zh314a93Vky-00034-00019325-00019922 He’s so creative in the ways he generates passing windows using a high gather and pivot step to split the blitzing +zh314a93Vky-00035-00019922-00020319 defenders giving himself an opening to fire a skip pass to the corner shooter. +zh314a93Vky-00036-00020319-00020916 Two things we didn’t get to see much of at Duke are his ability to hit cutters which he thrived at during his time at BFL Prep. +zh314a93Vky-00037-00020916-00021513 And operating out of the short roll where his blend of passing, mid-range scoring, and quickfire decision making would shine. +zh314a93Vky-00038-00021513-00022110 Paolo’s game on the defensive end is very much still a work in progress. His large offensive workload often tires him +zh314a93Vky-00039-00022110-00022708 out which leads to him resting a lot on defense. Often getting completely blown-by when soft switching on screens. +zh314a93Vky-00040-00022708-00023205 But his athletic profile combined with positive flashes indicate he can definitely improve on this end. +zh314a93Vky-00041-00023205-00023802 Currently his best defensive skill is the angles he takes when defending drives allowing him to beat his man to the spot. +zh314a93Vky-00042-00023802-00024199 On top of that he’s very good at contesting without fouling. +zh314a93Vky-00043-00024199-00024596 Getting his lower body as close to his man as possible while staying vertical on this contest. +zh314a93Vky-00044-00024596-00025193 And in general, he’s a far better team defender than he is on-ball defender. Especially when operating as the low man +zh314a93Vky-00045-00025193-00025690 rotating to break up a lob on this play and arriving just in time to smother this drive. +zh314a93Vky-00046-00025690-00026187 However, he sometimes loses his assignment off-ball while trying to stay engaged with the play. +zh314a93Vky-00047-00026187-00026784 Every so often we get blessed with a forward capable of performing mind-boggling athletic feats. +zh314a93Vky-00048-00026784-00027181 But not hitting step-back jumpers and making multi-leveled pick and roll reads like Paolo Banchero. +zh314a93Vky-00049-00027181-00027978 From day 1 Paolo’s ability to bend a defense and create shots for his teammates will have an impact as either a team’s primary or secondary creator. +zh314a93Vky-00050-00027978-00028776 Ideally operating as both the ball handler and the screener in the pick and roll. And with good shot mechanics he’ll be a reliable floor spacer. +zh314a93Vky-00051-00028776-00029173 On the defensive end his strong communication and off-ball rotations will provide some value +zh314a93Vky-00052-00029173-00029666 but his unpolished footwork and lack of overall engagement will make him a negative for now. +zh314a93Vky-00053-00029666-00030264 Long-Term Paolo needs to figure out his exact playing weight. He added a lot of muscle between high school and college. +zh314a93Vky-00054-00030264-00030661 The strength certainly helped, but he lost some of the quickness that made him so electric before. +zh314a93Vky-00055-00030661-00031458 I don’t think Paolo should fall past the 2nd pick so the team he ends up on has more to do with how the lotto order goes rather than his actual best fit schematically. +zh314a93Vky-00056-00031458-00031955 That being said of the teams likely to pick at the top my favorite fit is the Indiana Pacers. +zh314a93Vky-00057-00031955-00032652 Long term his ability to play off of Tyrese Haliburton in the pick and roll would work brilliantly. And they can stagger which one runs the offense when needed. +zh314a93Vky-00058-00032652-00033249 Thanks for watching, if you enjoyed the video leaving a comment, liking, and subscribing helps me out a lot. +zh314a93Vky-00059-00033249-00033646 If you want more content, YouTube thinks you’ll like this video too. +zhJ11ATywoI-00000-00000592-00000772 Welcome to Spotlight. +zhJ11ATywoI-00001-00000772-00001046 I'm Robin Basselin. +zhJ11ATywoI-00002-00001046-00001338 And I'm Ryan Geertsma. +zhJ11ATywoI-00003-00001338-00001901 Spotlight uses a special English method of broadcasting. +zhJ11ATywoI-00004-00001901-00002980 It is easier for people to understand, no matter where in the world they live. +zhJ11ATywoI-00005-00003564-00004236 Fifteen-year-old Lale Labuko stands in his village. +zhJ11ATywoI-00006-00004236-00004653 His heart is beating very fast. +zhJ11ATywoI-00007-00004653-00005101 He is completely shocked and frightened. +zhJ11ATywoI-00008-00005101-00005833 Labuko has just seen a man take a two-year-old girl from her mother. +zhJ11ATywoI-00009-00005833-00006495 The mother is crying and reaching out for her baby. +zhJ11ATywoI-00010-00006495-00006920 And no one is stopping the man. +zhJ11ATywoI-00011-00006920-00008122 Labuko wonders, "What is happening?" +zhJ11ATywoI-00012-00008122-00008785 Later on, Labuko’s mother explained the situation to him. +zhJ11ATywoI-00013-00008785-00009539 She told him that the man had taken the girl to sacrifice her. +zhJ11ATywoI-00014-00009539-00010675 Labuko’s tribe believed that if they killed the young girl, they would protect the village. +zhJ11ATywoI-00015-00010675-00011549 This kind of sacrifice was common in the Omo River Valley in Ethiopia. +zhJ11ATywoI-00016-00011549-00012376 But when Labuko saw this, he felt strong emotions deep in his heart. +zhJ11ATywoI-00017-00012376-00013463 He promised himself that some day, he would end child sacrifice in the land of his ancestors. +zhJ11ATywoI-00018-00013463-00014940 Today's Spotlight is on Lale Labuko and his effort to end child sacrifice in Ethiopia. +zhJ11ATywoI-00019-00014940-00015803 The Omo River Valley is one of the most beautiful places in Ethiopia. +zhJ11ATywoI-00020-00015803-00016270 Many different tribes live in this area. +zhJ11ATywoI-00021-00016270-00017076 These tribes survive by hunting, farming, and taking care of animals. +zhJ11ATywoI-00022-00017076-00017637 Each tribe has a very strong system of values. +zhJ11ATywoI-00023-00017637-00018356 These beliefs have been the base of each tribe’s culture for thousands of years. +zhJ11ATywoI-00024-00018356-00019329 The Kara, the Bena, and the Hamer are three Omo River valley tribes. +zhJ11ATywoI-00025-00019329-00019976 All of these tribes share a similar belief in child sacrifice. +zhJ11ATywoI-00026-00019976-00020762 They believe that some children are born mingi. +zhJ11ATywoI-00027-00020762-00021211 Mingi means cursed, or evil. +zhJ11ATywoI-00028-00021211-00022140 The tribes believe that mingi children will cause bad things to happen - like the spread +zhJ11ATywoI-00029-00022140-00023532 of disease or a lack of food and water for the community. +zhJ11ATywoI-00030-00023532-00024187 People believe there are four main signs that a child is mingi. +zhJ11ATywoI-00031-00024187-00024976 One sign is when a baby gets his first teeth on the top side of his mouth instead of the +zhJ11ATywoI-00032-00024976-00025187 bottom. +zhJ11ATywoI-00033-00025187-00025656 When this happens, the baby is mingi. +zhJ11ATywoI-00034-00025656-00026391 Babies born to a mother who is not married are also considered mingi. +zhJ11ATywoI-00035-00026391-00027220 If the tribe elders, or leaders, do not agree that particular parents should have children, +zhJ11ATywoI-00036-00027220-00027539 their babies are mingi. +zhJ11ATywoI-00037-00027539-00028027 And the last sign of mingi is twins. +zhJ11ATywoI-00038-00028027-00028701 When two babies are born at the same time, from the same mother, they are considered +zhJ11ATywoI-00039-00028701-00028986 mingi. +zhJ11ATywoI-00040-00028986-00029997 Tribal leaders sacrifice mingi children because they believe it will protect the village. +zhJ11ATywoI-00041-00029997-00030847 They sacrifice newly born babies by taking them away from the village - to country or +zhJ11ATywoI-00042-00030847-00031008 bush areas. +zhJ11ATywoI-00043-00031008-00031522 They fill the babies’ mouths with dirt. +zhJ11ATywoI-00044-00031522-00032301 Then they leave them to starve or be eaten by animals. +zhJ11ATywoI-00045-00032301-00033214 Tribal leaders push older babies and children off the edge of tall mountains or throw them +zhJ11ATywoI-00046-00033214-00033641 into the river to drown. +zhJ11ATywoI-00047-00033641-00035256 Tribe members believe that the mingi curse will leave the village when the child dies. +zhJ11ATywoI-00048-00035256-00036191 Lale Labuko grew up in a tribe that believed in this kind of mingi child sacrifice. +zhJ11ATywoI-00049-00036191-00036595 He is a member of the Kara tribe. +zhJ11ATywoI-00050-00036595-00037238 In fact before Labuko was born, he had two sisters. +zhJ11ATywoI-00051-00037238-00037824 But they were mingi, and the tribe sacrificed them. +zhJ11ATywoI-00052-00037824-00038546 When Labuko was 9 years old, his father sent him away to school. +zhJ11ATywoI-00053-00038546-00039271 It was a Christian school managed by people from the country of Sweden. +zhJ11ATywoI-00054-00039271-00040119 At this school Labuko learned to read, write and speak other African languages. +zhJ11ATywoI-00055-00040119-00040702 He also studied about Christianity and other cultures. +zhJ11ATywoI-00056-00040702-00041579 As Labuko learned about these things, he began to think differently about child sacrifice. +zhJ11ATywoI-00057-00041579-00042258 He did not believe that particular children were born mingi. +zhJ11ATywoI-00058-00042258-00043294 Labuko still respected his tribe and his culture, but he recognized that child sacrifice was +zhJ11ATywoI-00059-00043294-00043519 wrong. +zhJ11ATywoI-00060-00043519-00044090 And other people felt the same way as he did. +zhJ11ATywoI-00061-00044090-00044549 Aryo Dora is a young Kara man. +zhJ11ATywoI-00062-00044549-00044830 He works with Labuko. +zhJ11ATywoI-00063-00044830-00045483 He also believes that sacrificing mingi children is wrong. +zhJ11ATywoI-00064-00045483-00045867 He told the news organization CNN, +zhJ11ATywoI-00065-00045867-00046699 "There are many important and good parts of our culture. +zhJ11ATywoI-00066-00046699-00047349 There is also a sickness in our culture. +zhJ11ATywoI-00067-00047349-00048309 And we have to change ourselves." +zhJ11ATywoI-00068-00048309-00049365 And this is what Labuko decided he would do - change his tribal culture from within it. +zhJ11ATywoI-00069-00049365-00050274 For many years, the government of Ethiopia had tried to end child sacrifice. +zhJ11ATywoI-00070-00050274-00050603 They made it illegal. +zhJ11ATywoI-00071-00050603-00051470 But the Omo River Valley tribes live very far away from modern cities. +zhJ11ATywoI-00072-00051470-00051976 And they perform the sacrifices in secret. +zhJ11ATywoI-00073-00051976-00052975 So even with the laws against it, hundreds of children would still die every year. +zhJ11ATywoI-00074-00052975-00053638 Labuko understood that laws would not change culture. +zhJ11ATywoI-00075-00053638-00054582 He knew that his tribe’s culture would not change without the support of the tribal elders. +zhJ11ATywoI-00076-00054582-00055487 So the first thing he did was find other young Kara people who also believed that sacrificing +zhJ11ATywoI-00077-00055487-00055866 mingi children was wrong. +zhJ11ATywoI-00078-00055866-00056641 Together, these young people met with the tribal elders. +zhJ11ATywoI-00079-00056641-00057216 Labuko spoke with the Telegraph news organization. +zhJ11ATywoI-00080-00057216-00057592 He explained what he told the elders: +zhJ11ATywoI-00081-00057592-00058547 "I said, 'There is no need to kill these mingi children. +zhJ11ATywoI-00082-00058547-00058954 Let us remove them from the tribe. +zhJ11ATywoI-00083-00058954-00059880 And the curse will leave with them.'" +zhJ11ATywoI-00084-00059880-00060771 At first, the elders did not want to give the mingi children to Labuko. +zhJ11ATywoI-00085-00060771-00061598 They were afraid that an evil curse would come on the village. +zhJ11ATywoI-00086-00061598-00062299 But Labuko spoke with great emotion to the elders. +zhJ11ATywoI-00087-00062299-00063023 He told them that he would take the curse on himself. +zhJ11ATywoI-00088-00063023-00063382 With time, the elders agreed. +zhJ11ATywoI-00089-00063382-00064185 And for 4 years, tribal leaders gave all mingi children to Labuko. +zhJ11ATywoI-00090-00064185-00064840 During this time, Labuko rescued almost 40 children. +zhJ11ATywoI-00091-00064840-00065211 But he did not do it alone. +zhJ11ATywoI-00092-00065211-00065672 He worked with friends and a Christian organization. +zhJ11ATywoI-00093-00065672-00066825 Together, they started an orphanage to provide food, security, and an education for the children. +zhJ11ATywoI-00094-00066825-00067261 Labuko told Condé Nast Traveler magazine, +zhJ11ATywoI-00095-00067261-00068820 "I wanted them to become living examples that the mingi are blessed, not cursed." +zhJ11ATywoI-00096-00068820-00069824 After four years, Kara tribal elders saw that no harm had come to their community by letting +zhJ11ATywoI-00097-00069824-00070171 the mingi children live. +zhJ11ATywoI-00098-00070171-00071487 So in July of 2012, the tribe held an official ceremony to end mingi child sacrifice. +zhJ11ATywoI-00099-00071487-00072048 That day was a great victory for Labuko. +zhJ11ATywoI-00100-00072048-00072777 However, Labuko knows there is still work to do. +zhJ11ATywoI-00101-00072777-00073555 Like the Kara, the Bena have also stopped most of their mingi sacrifices. +zhJ11ATywoI-00102-00073555-00074512 But the largest Omo River Valley tribe, the Hamer, continues to sacrifice mingi children. +zhJ11ATywoI-00103-00074512-00075332 Labuko plans to work with the king of the Hamer until they also agree to stop child +zhJ11ATywoI-00104-00075332-00075631 sacrifice. +zhJ11ATywoI-00105-00075631-00076073 Labuko told National Geographic magazine: +zhJ11ATywoI-00106-00076073-00077324 "My father always told me that to earn respect, you must help the weak and fight the strong. +zhJ11ATywoI-00107-00077324-00077925 These children I saved are examples to everyone. +zhJ11ATywoI-00108-00077925-00079258 They will change the world one day." +zhJ11ATywoI-00109-00079258-00079699 The writer of this program was Jennifer Hawkins. +zhJ11ATywoI-00110-00079699-00080187 The producer was Micho Ozaki. +zhJ11ATywoI-00111-00080187-00080914 The voices you heard were from the United States and the United Kingdom. +zhJ11ATywoI-00112-00080914-00081441 All quotes were adapted and voiced by Spotlight. +zhJ11ATywoI-00113-00081441-00082636 You can listen to this program again, and read it, on the internet at www.radioenglish.net. +zhJ11ATywoI-00114-00082636-00083488 This program is called, "Saving Mingi Children." +zhJ11ATywoI-00115-00083488-00084074 We hope you can join us again for the next Spotlight program. +zhJ11ATywoI-00116-00084074-00084187 Goodbye. +zi6FpIbzfoI-00000-00000735-00000919 Ptosis is a general term +zi6FpIbzfoI-00001-00000939-00001260 meaning "lower than normal position". +zi6FpIbzfoI-00002-00001280-00001774 It may be a renal ptosis, where the kidney is lower than normal, +zi6FpIbzfoI-00003-00001827-00002439 and eyelid ptosis, where the height of the upper eyelid is not normal. +zi6FpIbzfoI-00004-00002474-00003390 It is the most important eyelid malposition and the one with the most consequences +zi6FpIbzfoI-00005-00003436-00003709 of those we see in oculoplastic surgery. +zi6FpIbzfoI-00006-00003809-00004350 There are two main groups: acquired ptosis, +zi6FpIbzfoI-00007-00004377-00004751 which appears during the patient’s lifetime, +zi6FpIbzfoI-00008-00004755-00005296 and congenital ptosis, which is a more specialised pathology, +zi6FpIbzfoI-00009-00005316-00005751 because we deal with children and it is likely the most frequent +zi6FpIbzfoI-00010-00005771-00006206 we see in the clinic, at least in my usual practice. +zi6FpIbzfoI-00011-00006375-00006822 It is hard to get good results, +zi6FpIbzfoI-00012-00006842-00007255 because we deal with children with many types of dosage, +zi6FpIbzfoI-00013-00007264-00007799 and we have to use different techniques +zi6FpIbzfoI-00014-00007814-00008320 to achieve lasting results in young children. +zmdMx7mdlBQ-00000-00000162-00000419 (upbeat music) +zmdMx7mdlBQ-00001-00000419-00000592 - [Narrator] Centrally located in proximity +zmdMx7mdlBQ-00002-00000592-00000796 to Indiana's two race tracks, +zmdMx7mdlBQ-00003-00000796-00001196 the Centaur Equine Specialty Hospital is a world leader +zmdMx7mdlBQ-00004-00001196-00001651 in cutting-edge healthcare for premiere performance horses. +zmdMx7mdlBQ-00005-00001651-00001990 The $8.8 million facility in Shelbyville is home +zmdMx7mdlBQ-00006-00001990-00002425 to one of only five standing CT diagnostic imaging systems +zmdMx7mdlBQ-00007-00002425-00002795 in the United States, an instrument that use robotic arms +zmdMx7mdlBQ-00008-00002795-00003064 to scan a standing horse. +zmdMx7mdlBQ-00009-00003064-00003244 This eliminates the need for the patient +zmdMx7mdlBQ-00010-00003244-00003450 to undergo general anesthesia. +zmdMx7mdlBQ-00011-00003450-00003637 - Looking at the bigger Midwest, +zmdMx7mdlBQ-00012-00003637-00003831 this is the only machine of this kind. +zmdMx7mdlBQ-00013-00003831-00004266 Basically, it takes the key parts out of a regular CT +zmdMx7mdlBQ-00014-00004266-00004745 and combines them on two robotic arms so we don't have +zmdMx7mdlBQ-00015-00004745-00005101 the spacial limitation of a regular gantry anymore. +zmdMx7mdlBQ-00016-00005101-00005248 - [Narrator] Along with exclusive access +zmdMx7mdlBQ-00017-00005248-00005551 to the standing CT, our patients receive +zmdMx7mdlBQ-00018-00005551-00005751 the highest quality and treatment +zmdMx7mdlBQ-00019-00005751-00006022 while also supporting equine research +zmdMx7mdlBQ-00020-00006022-00006340 and education of future equine specialists. +zmdMx7mdlBQ-00021-00006340-00006559 - One of the most rewarding parts of our job +zmdMx7mdlBQ-00022-00006559-00006850 is the opportunity to work directly +zmdMx7mdlBQ-00023-00006850-00007134 with the clients and interact on a daily basis +zmdMx7mdlBQ-00024-00007134-00007495 to help them reach their goals with their animals. +zmdMx7mdlBQ-00025-00007495-00007744 And when they come up against some obstacle +zmdMx7mdlBQ-00026-00007744-00008035 whether it's a lameness or a respiratory issue +zmdMx7mdlBQ-00027-00008035-00008220 or some other performance issue, +zmdMx7mdlBQ-00028-00008220-00008415 being able to assist them and intervene +zmdMx7mdlBQ-00029-00008415-00008635 and helping them achieve their goals, +zmdMx7mdlBQ-00030-00008635-00008941 and doing that with our very well-trained and skilled staff +zmdMx7mdlBQ-00031-00008941-00009218 makes that job, typically, very seamless +zmdMx7mdlBQ-00032-00009218-00009437 and rewarding at the end of the day. +zmdMx7mdlBQ-00033-00009437-00009565 - First time I brought her here +zmdMx7mdlBQ-00034-00009565-00009713 and she had her surgery, she was here +zmdMx7mdlBQ-00035-00009713-00009991 for several days and never once was I worried. +zmdMx7mdlBQ-00036-00009991-00010320 I knew she was in good hands, well taken care of. +zmdMx7mdlBQ-00037-00010320-00010565 I'm very comfortable bringin' my animals here. +zmdMx7mdlBQ-00038-00010565-00010761 I know they're gonna get personalized service, +zmdMx7mdlBQ-00039-00010761-00011261 the best of care, obviously talented, experienced staff. +zmdMx7mdlBQ-00040-00011271-00011465 - [Narrator] We're located 30 miles southeast +zmdMx7mdlBQ-00041-00011465-00011852 of Indianapolis and about 100 miles north of Louisville. +zmdMx7mdlBQ-00042-00011852-00012168 For more information call 317-398-1980 +zmdMx7mdlBQ-00043-00012400-00012900 or explore our services online at vet.purdue.edu/equine. +zmdMx7mdlBQ-00044-00013101-00013450 The Centaur Equine Specialty Hospital where the health +zmdMx7mdlBQ-00045-00013450-00013817 and welfare of the horse is our highest priority. +zmdMx7mdlBQ-00046-00013817-00014134 (light, bouncy music) +zn8OP0jUvBk-00000-00000000-00000784 9 Places to Go for a Warm Winter Vacation +zn8OP0jUvBk-00001-00000784-00001334 Warm Places to Visit in December +zn8OP0jUvBk-00002-00001488-00001612 Dubai +zn8OP0jUvBk-00003-00001612-00002204 In December, the temperature averages a pretty much perfect 79 degrees +zn8OP0jUvBk-00004-00002294-00002432 St. Thomas +zn8OP0jUvBk-00005-00002432-00003062 Enjoy long, sunny beach days and calm water that's great for diving +zn8OP0jUvBk-00006-00003092-00003215 Brazil +zn8OP0jUvBk-00007-00003218-00003774 December temperatures hover around 86 degrees +zn8OP0jUvBk-00008-00003828-00004478 Warm Places to Visit in January +zn8OP0jUvBk-00009-00004536-00004764 Turks and Caicos +zn8OP0jUvBk-00010-00004764-00005312 Temperatures average around 81 degrees and a typical January day features seven hours of sunshine +zn8OP0jUvBk-00011-00005312-00005548 Phuket, Thailand +zn8OP0jUvBk-00012-00005548-00006106 January is one of the best months to visit Thailand - temperatures average 81 degrees +zn8OP0jUvBk-00013-00006106-00006248 Key West, Florida +zn8OP0jUvBk-00014-00006248-00006872 This is one of the driest and least humid months, with temperatures averaging around 75 degrees +zn8OP0jUvBk-00015-00006872-00007522 Warm Places to Visit in February +zn8OP0jUvBk-00016-00007622-00007718 Kauai, Hawaii +zn8OP0jUvBk-00017-00007718-00008398 Enjoy hiking, adventures sports, or simply lying on the beach in average temperatures of 72 degrees. +zn8OP0jUvBk-00018-00008446-00008510 Barbados +zn8OP0jUvBk-00019-00008510-00009226 Expect eight or nine hours a day of sunshine and temperatures around 84 degrees +zn8OP0jUvBk-00020-00009288-00009352 Tanzania +zn8OP0jUvBk-00021-00009352-00009992 While many other countries in Africa are in their rainy season during February, Tanzania is not +zn8OP0jUvBk-00022-00009992-00010370 Subscribe to SmarterTravel on YouTube! +Zo2uwWnbPec-00001-00000190-00000430 HELLO! +Zo2uwWnbPec-00002-00000463-00000763 SERGY...GERA... NICE TO MEET YOU! +Zo2uwWnbPec-00003-00000764-00000880 BEAUTY +Zo2uwWnbPec-00004-00000916-00001208 NATURE +Zo2uwWnbPec-00005-00001260-00001360 HAHH +Zo2uwWnbPec-00006-00001444-00001680 IT SUITS ME. +Zo2uwWnbPec-00007-00001680-00001988 SHOWING HOW TO MAKE A NODE +Zo2uwWnbPec-00008-00001988-00002088 TO TAYMEN +Zo2uwWnbPec-00009-00002424-00002722 I DON T KNOW WHAT IS HAPPENING RIGHT NOW... +Zo2uwWnbPec-00010-00002722-00003006 SOMETHING UNREAL IS HAPPENING... +Zo2uwWnbPec-00011-00004668-00004972 SO, LADS! +Zo2uwWnbPec-00012-00005054-00005352 PRESSURED THIS BOAT. +Zo2uwWnbPec-00013-00005352-00005628 BUT WE HAVE TO MOVE BY THAT BOAT. +Zo2uwWnbPec-00014-00005628-00005838 WATERVEICLE WILL BE PULLED ALSO +Zo2uwWnbPec-00015-00006204-00006470 TRIP IS FINISHING +Zo2uwWnbPec-00016-00006470-00006772 WE ARE READY TO GO +Zo2uwWnbPec-00017-00006772-00006888 TO ONE FISHING PLACE +Zo2uwWnbPec-00018-00006931-00007273 WERE TOLD NOT TO BRING A LOT OF THINGS +Zo2uwWnbPec-00019-00008510-00008746 YES! FREE! +Zo2uwWnbPec-00020-00008800-00009002 LET IT BE PULLED.... +Zo2uwWnbPec-00021-00009238-00009350 SO, MOVES! +Zo2uwWnbPec-00022-00011216-00011402 DIDN T RISE A LEG +Zo2uwWnbPec-00024-00013460-00013690 IT BREAKS +Zo2uwWnbPec-00025-00028016-00028312 SO, WE ARE LOCATED IN SUCH A PLACE! +Zo2uwWnbPec-00026-00028356-00028662 WE HAVE OUR PERSONAL FOND. +Zo2uwWnbPec-00027-00028850-00029116 SO, WE WON T HEAR FROM BEAR. +Zo2uwWnbPec-00028-00029148-00029488 FISH IS +Zo2uwWnbPec-00029-00029522-00029798 UNDER MISHA S LEGS. +Zo2uwWnbPec-00030-00029910-00030144 WILL CLEAN IT UP +Zo2uwWnbPec-00031-00030186-00030300 STONES, YEAH. +Zo2uwWnbPec-00032-00030414-00030630 HERE IT IS! +Zo2uwWnbPec-00033-00030772-00030933 WONDERFUL. +Zo2uwWnbPec-00034-00031032-00031330 SOMETHING +Zo2uwWnbPec-00035-00031330-00031550 SOMETHING GOOD +Zo2uwWnbPec-00036-00031626-00031906 DECIDED TO PUT A TENT HERE, DIDN T WE? +Zo2uwWnbPec-00037-00032042-00032142 A KITCHEN WILL BE HERE. +Zo2uwWnbPec-00038-00032210-00032402 TODAY WE CAN PUT A WATERVEICLE. +Zo2uwWnbPec-00039-00032402-00032683 TO RIDE HERE. +Zo2uwWnbPec-00040-00032714-00033070 SO LET US PUT A TENT AND DRY IT. +Zo2uwWnbPec-00041-00033130-00033324 YES! +Zo2uwWnbPec-00042-00034184-00034284 AHH +Zo2uwWnbPec-00043-00034306-00034558 TAYMEN S MESS. +Zo2uwWnbPec-00044-00034640-00034754 FEELING... +Zo2uwWnbPec-00045-00034938-00035102 TIMENN +Zo2uwWnbPec-00046-00035144-00035438 EXIT TO TREES +Zo2uwWnbPec-00047-00035438-00035726 WINDOWS OF HELICOPTER THERE +Zo2uwWnbPec-00048-00035726-00035914 NARROW TAIL. +Zo2uwWnbPec-00049-00036030-00036240 YES! +Zo2uwWnbPec-00050-00036322-00036620 SO WE ARE PUTTING OUR TENT POLAR BIRD. +Zo2uwWnbPec-00051-00036620-00036850 4 S LONG +Zo2uwWnbPec-00052-00036850-00037050 OR NO...4 S +Zo2uwWnbPec-00053-00037080-00037290 IT HAS ALREADY SWUM +Zo2uwWnbPec-00054-00037362-00037462 A BIT WET. +Zo2uwWnbPec-00055-00037520-00037830 LET IT BE DRY. +Zo2uwWnbPec-00056-00037840-00038188 A BOAT IS LITTLE WATERED. +Zo2uwWnbPec-00057-00038292-00038392 MICHAEL URICH..... +Zo2uwWnbPec-00058-00038498-00038598 LET S +Zo2uwWnbPec-00059-00038662-00038834 KEEP. +Zo2uwWnbPec-00060-00038958-00039200 OPA! ROOF IS. +Zo2uwWnbPec-00061-00039248-00039402 LATERALS... +Zo2uwWnbPec-00062-00039514-00039618 YES +Zo2uwWnbPec-00063-00039702-00039996 THERE IS AN ENTRANCE, MISH. +Zo2uwWnbPec-00064-00039996-00040220 TAKE IT OUT. +Zo2uwWnbPec-00065-00040404-00040686 RISE IT UP... +Zo2uwWnbPec-00066-00040764-00040940 TIRIRIRIRIRIMMMM +Zo2uwWnbPec-00067-00041934-00042198 A LOT OF... +Zo2uwWnbPec-00068-00042250-00042488 WHAT A FISHFOOD HERE +Zo2uwWnbPec-00069-00042582-00042888 EVEN THE END OF THE WORLD. +Zo2uwWnbPec-00070-00042938-00043084 UHHH +Zo2uwWnbPec-00071-00043176-00043498 SO KIND OF THEM...VERY BAD. +Zo2uwWnbPec-00072-00043568-00043888 WE LL MAKE YOU! +Zo2uwWnbPec-00073-00043974-00044096 SIKUTONAK +Zo2uwWnbPec-00074-00044158-00044348 A LOT OF! +Zo2uwWnbPec-00075-00044462-00044786 WHY WE? WHY NOT A MOOSE? +Zo2uwWnbPec-00076-00044900-00045150 OR BEAR... +Zo2uwWnbPec-00077-00045336-00045522 EVERYTHING IS DRIED. +Zo2uwWnbPec-00078-00045736-00045894 MICHAEL UREVICH... +Zo2uwWnbPec-00079-00045952-00046146 WHAT ARE YOU DOING, MY FRIEND? +Zo2uwWnbPec-00080-00046218-00046422 YOU KNOW... +Zo2uwWnbPec-00081-00047096-00047400 WHATEVER YOU SAY, THIS PLACE IS GOOD TO FISH. +Zo2uwWnbPec-00082-00047518-00047842 WE LL ARRANGE. +Zo2uwWnbPec-00083-00047916-00048228 AND WILL GO FISHING TOMORROW. +Zo2uwWnbPec-00084-00048228-00048838 WE NEED TO CATCH OUR DINNER. +Zo2uwWnbPec-00085-00048880-00049176 YOUR FOOD IS WHAT YOU HAVE CAUGHT. +Zo2uwWnbPec-00086-00049176-00049276 OR BECOME THINNER.` +Zo2uwWnbPec-00087-00049364-00049532 GO OUT! +Zo2uwWnbPec-00088-00049624-00049800 ELECTROKILLER IS NEEDE. +Zo2uwWnbPec-00089-00049866-00050166 AHH...POLAR BIRD 4 S...RIGHT! +Zo2uwWnbPec-00090-00050166-00050332 LONG +Zo2uwWnbPec-00091-00050446-00050546 G +Zo2uwWnbPec-00092-00050602-00050934 GGGG +Zo2uwWnbPec-00093-00050956-00051252 YOUNG PEOPLE ARE LOOKING AT GOLDEN OBJECTS. +Zo2uwWnbPec-00094-00051255-00051498 WE NEED TO WORK HARDER. +Zo2uwWnbPec-00095-00051528-00051814 AND YOU DON T DO SO. +Zo2uwWnbPec-00096-00051814-00052034 OHH.MISHKA IS WASHING GOLD. +Zo2uwWnbPec-00097-00052116-00052404 LOOK! FINDER OF GOLD. +Zo2uwWnbPec-00098-00052404-00052676 LITTLE HARRYSES HAVE COME. +Zo2uwWnbPec-00099-00052702-00052986 WHAT S HAPPENED? +Zo2uwWnbPec-00100-00053316-00053591 LET ME JUT WEAR BOOTS. +Zo2uwWnbPec-00101-00053591-00053874 YOU PUT HERE +Zo2uwWnbPec-00102-00053874-00054182 AND CATCH TAYMEN. +Zo2uwWnbPec-00103-00054234-00054498 I VE CAUGHT A LOT OF THEM +Zo2uwWnbPec-00104-00054498-00054636 HERE +Zo2uwWnbPec-00105-00054688-00054874 72 TAILS HAVE BEEN CAUGHT BY ME. +Zo2uwWnbPec-00106-00055102-00055316 OPA! YES...NOOO +Zo2uwWnbPec-00107-00055420-00055520 YES... +Zo2uwWnbPec-00108-00055655-00055755 OHHH...HAHAHHH +Zo2uwWnbPec-00109-00055841-00056117 NOT TAYMEN +Zo2uwWnbPec-00110-00056122-00056376 JUST PIKE. +Zo2uwWnbPec-00111-00056428-00056544 GOOD. +Zo2uwWnbPec-00112-00056616-00056914 OUR DINNER IS COMING. +Zo2uwWnbPec-00113-00056988-00057262 DINNER WILL BE! +Zo2uwWnbPec-00114-00057294-00057429 ONONONON +Zo2uwWnbPec-00115-00057672-00058020 A PIKE MIGHT BE! +Zo2uwWnbPec-00116-00058120-00058414 OHH...GOOD PIKE! +Zo2uwWnbPec-00117-00058414-00058564 WE NEED SO. +Zo2uwWnbPec-00118-00058667-00058898 JUST TO BE FRIED BY US. +Zo2uwWnbPec-00119-00059026-00059132 AHH +Zo2uwWnbPec-00120-00059229-00059491 DON T GO UP AND MAKE A CANDLE. +Zo2uwWnbPec-00121-00059652-00059878 A DINNER IS WAITING.... +Zo2uwWnbPec-00122-00059960-00060105 BUT YOU ARE OUR DINNER. +Zo2uwWnbPec-00123-00060246-00060346 HOP +Zo2uwWnbPec-00124-00060372-00060582 HOPP OPA! +Zo2uwWnbPec-00125-00060620-00060922 YOU ARE SO HARMFUL. +Zo2uwWnbPec-00126-00060922-00061229 NONONON +Zo2uwWnbPec-00127-00062020-00062417 I SHOULD HAVE KEPT LEADER. +Zo2uwWnbPec-00128-00062674-00062854 COOL! +Zo2uwWnbPec-00129-00063334-00063688 KEEPING LEADER. +Zo2uwWnbPec-00130-00063764-00064052 WELL DONE! +Zo2uwWnbPec-00131-00064146-00064246 AHH +Zo2uwWnbPec-00132-00064402-00064502 REALLY +Zo2uwWnbPec-00133-00064572-00064976 CAUGHT DINNER. +Zo2uwWnbPec-00134-00065012-00065112 YES... +Zo2uwWnbPec-00135-00065496-00065662 NICE PIKE! +Zo2uwWnbPec-00136-00065836-00065996 NICE PIKE! +Zo2uwWnbPec-00137-00066214-00066460 A DINNER WILL BE! +Zo2uwWnbPec-00138-00066494-00066720 JUST GOING TO CHANGE MY COIL. +Zo2uwWnbPec-00139-00066860-00067262 GOOD COIL. +Zo2uwWnbPec-00140-00067288-00067550 BY THE WAY, MISHKA IS KEEPING YAKUTSKY KNIFE. +Zo2uwWnbPec-00141-00067854-00067954 LOOK! +Zo2uwWnbPec-00142-00068006-00068142 HOOP... +Zo2uwWnbPec-00143-00068178-00068304 DOESN T GO DOWN! +Zo2uwWnbPec-00144-00068352-00068452 CLASS! +Zo2uwWnbPec-00145-00068548-00068660 I NEED SO! +Zo2uwWnbPec-00146-00068746-00068976 BUT ONLY MISHKA IS GIVEN. +Zo2uwWnbPec-00147-00069016-00069296 ONLY MISHKA. +Zo2uwWnbPec-00148-00071196-00071486 WEAK COIL...JUST FOR PERK AND HARRYS. +Zo2uwWnbPec-00149-00071500-00071680 WILL TAKE 4 000 +Zo2uwWnbPec-00150-00072372-00072728 IT LL BE SUITABLE. +Zo2uwWnbPec-00151-00073474-00073636 FISH? +Zo2uwWnbPec-00152-00073694-00073794 MMM +Zo2uwWnbPec-00153-00073842-00074068 TAYMEN COULD BE. +Zo2uwWnbPec-00154-00074132-00074302 PLACES OF THIS FISH. +Zo2uwWnbPec-00155-00074366-00074574 100 % +Zo2uwWnbPec-00156-00074726-00074962 WHAT ATTRACTIVE DINNER! +Zo2uwWnbPec-00157-00075054-00075294 FISH DIET IS FOR ME AND MISHKA. +Zo2uwWnbPec-00158-00075342-00075710 WILL EAT FRIED PIKE. +Zo2uwWnbPec-00159-00075762-00075974 AND WILL CATCH HARRYS. +Zo2uwWnbPec-00160-00075974-00076262 TSHHHH +Zo2uwWnbPec-00161-00076262-00076460 TSHHHH +Zo2uwWnbPec-00162-00076514-00076860 SO, YOU ARE DINNER ALREADY. +Zo2uwWnbPec-00163-00076976-00077204 KUKANCHIK. +Zo2uwWnbPec-00164-00077304-00077626 ROPE...STICK..AND IN WATER. +Zo2uwWnbPec-00165-00077642-00077822 IT LL BE SAFE HERE. +Zo2uwWnbPec-00166-00077956-00078248 AND PRETTY WET. +Zo2uwWnbPec-00167-00078260-00078548 YOU PUSH HER MOUTH +Zo2uwWnbPec-00168-00078548-00078650 AND IT DOESN T LET IT GO AWAY. +Zo2uwWnbPec-00169-00078704-00078912 OHHH...LADS +Zo2uwWnbPec-00170-00079020-00079220 I AM PUTTING THE BESTTACKLE. +Zo2uwWnbPec-00171-00079266-00079436 FISH LL BE MINE! +Zo2uwWnbPec-00172-00079506-00079840 OR POPPER COULD BE USED TOO. +Zo2uwWnbPec-00173-00079876-00080168 SO KIND OF PLACE IS HERE.... +Zo2uwWnbPec-00174-00080168-00080396 BUT FISH.... A LOT OF +Zo2uwWnbPec-00175-00080574-00080810 PLATO PUTORANA. +Zo2uwWnbPec-00176-00080856-00081160 THE BEST! +Zo2uwWnbPec-00177-00081172-00081496 WHAT TO EAT... +Zo2uwWnbPec-00178-00081496-00081684 THT S GOOD WE TOOK JUST SAULT +Zo2uwWnbPec-00179-00081808-00082132 NO MORE NEEDED. +Zo2uwWnbPec-00180-00082268-00082430 OHHH.NO FISH.... +Zo2uwWnbPec-00181-00082468-00082728 MISHKA +Zo2uwWnbPec-00182-00082728-00083066 HAS CAUGHT A PIKE! +Zo2uwWnbPec-00183-00083090-00083224 WITH POPPER, YES! +Zo2uwWnbPec-00184-00083328-00083622 MISHA... +Zo2uwWnbPec-00185-00083622-00083728 OHHH... +Zo2uwWnbPec-00186-00083790-00084016 WHAT IS IT? A PERK? +Zo2uwWnbPec-00187-00084052-00084392 WITH POPPER....SURPRIZING... +Zo2uwWnbPec-00188-00084410-00084704 BRILLIANT! +Zo2uwWnbPec-00189-00084704-00084846 TRY LITTLE ONE! +Zo2uwWnbPec-00190-00084960-00085164 GOOD PERK! +Zo2uwWnbPec-00191-00085230-00085330 GOOD! +Zo2uwWnbPec-00192-00085412-00085710 ON SHALLOWNER +Zo2uwWnbPec-00193-00085734-00086072 BRILLIANT! +Zo2uwWnbPec-00194-00086352-00086496 HEHHHH +Zo2uwWnbPec-00195-00086606-00086928 EVEN PERKS ON DINNER. +Zo2uwWnbPec-00196-00086948-00087578 OHH... TODAY O GRILL WILL BE DOING THE BEST! +Zo2uwWnbPec-00197-00087786-00087994 MISHA, BATTER PERKS. +Zo2uwWnbPec-00198-00088132-00088298 WILL FRY IT! +Zo2uwWnbPec-00199-00088370-00088470 AND EAT. +Zo2uwWnbPec-00200-00088546-00088834 I LL MAKE LITTLE POPPER. +Zo2uwWnbPec-00201-00088902-00089246 WE HAVE EVERYTHING HERE! A FLAT ON THE COAST... +Zo2uwWnbPec-00202-00089248-00089540 AND FISH IN THE RIVER. +Zo2uwWnbPec-00203-00089540-00089840 O GRILL TO COOK FOOD. +Zo2uwWnbPec-00204-00089846-00090120 WHAT ELSE IS NEEDED? +Zo2uwWnbPec-00205-00090120-00090422 WATER VEICLE IS HERE. +Zo2uwWnbPec-00206-00090422-00090694 IF NO SUCCESS IN FISHING, WE LL MOVE BY T. +Zo2uwWnbPec-00207-00090748-00091068 ON THE RIVER. +Zo2uwWnbPec-00208-00091068-00091356 THEN WE LL GO BACK. +Zo2uwWnbPec-00209-00091398-00091554 FISH IN ANY WAY +Zo2uwWnbPec-00210-00091688-00091926 LOOK! WHAT I VE JUST PUT! +Zo2uwWnbPec-00211-00092030-00092210 POTTER. +Zo2uwWnbPec-00212-00092298-00092500 WILL CATCH A PERK. +Zo2uwWnbPec-00213-00092610-00092776 LOOK! +Zo2uwWnbPec-00214-00092870-00092974 HOPP! +Zo2uwWnbPec-00215-00098384-00098484 OUUU +Zo2uwWnbPec-00216-00098674-00098964 I VE GOT A BATTERY. +Zo2uwWnbPec-00217-00098964-00099374 EVERYTHING IS OK...BUT THESE... +Zo2uwWnbPec-00218-00099718-00100022 I UNDERSTAND. +Zo2uwWnbPec-00219-00100024-00100284 GADFLY LIVES IN OUR TENT. +Zo2uwWnbPec-00220-00100284-00100430 GO OUTSIDE. +Zo2uwWnbPec-00221-00100470-00100706 LADYBIRD! +Zo2uwWnbPec-00222-00101002-00101456 LOOK! SUCH A BEAUTIFUL PLACE! NO MORE TO FIND. +Zo2uwWnbPec-00223-00101652-00101824 MISHKA IS KILLING PIKES. +Zo2uwWnbPec-00224-00101920-00102082 SO. +Zo2uwWnbPec-00225-00102202-00102364 VERY BIG. +Zo2uwWnbPec-00226-00102420-00102661 SPOOKY WOOD. +Zo2uwWnbPec-00227-00102724-00103126 AS THEY SAY, THE BEST... AHH +Zo2uwWnbPec-00228-00103220-00103538 THE BEST FISH IS +Zo2uwWnbPec-00229-00103538-00103811 SAUSAGE. +Zo2uwWnbPec-00230-00103838-00104432 WE HAVE SPECIAL SAUSAGE FORMED PIECE OF WOOD. +Zo2uwWnbPec-00231-00104526-00104800 LITTLE HARRYSES ARE EATING PIKE. +Zo2uwWnbPec-00232-00104861-00105146 AND WISE A VERSA. +Zo2uwWnbPec-00233-00106411-00106592 WE LL BE OOKING ON SO THING +Zo2uwWnbPec-00234-00106664-00106918 A SURFACE FOR O GRILL. +Zo2uwWnbPec-00235-00107009-00107340 GRILL IS 700, MUCH MORE +Zo2uwWnbPec-00236-00107466-00107696 STONES ARE BECOMING HOTTER... +Zo2uwWnbPec-00237-00107742-00108218 WE SHOULD HAVE TAKEN METALIC PLATES... +Zo2uwWnbPec-00238-00108308-00108500 MISHKA... +Zo2uwWnbPec-00239-00108654-00108802 HAHH +Zo2uwWnbPec-00240-00109868-00110028 LADS, +Zo2uwWnbPec-00241-00110124-00110248 WHAT +Zo2uwWnbPec-00242-00110361-00110544 I DO! +Zo2uwWnbPec-00243-00110620-00110826 SUCH A THING. +Zo2uwWnbPec-00244-00110908-00111200 MISHA, DID YOU SEE? +Zo2uwWnbPec-00245-00111200-00111300 HAHH +Zo2uwWnbPec-00246-00111380-00111561 JUST WAS WAVING A TAIL. +Zo2uwWnbPec-00247-00111698-00111890 ON O GRILL IMMEDIATELY. +Zo2uwWnbPec-00248-00112438-00112664 A BEAUTY IS SOOOOOO! +Zo2uwWnbPec-00249-00113033-00113282 AHEHEJEJEJEJEJEJJJJ +Zo2uwWnbPec-00250-00113309-00113690 WILL TAKE WATER VEICLE +Zo2uwWnbPec-00251-00113733-00113922 INTERESTING... +Zo2uwWnbPec-00252-00114022-00114170 HOW AND WHEN... +Zo2uwWnbPec-00253-00114254-00114635 DOWN A FLOW. +Zo2uwWnbPec-00254-00114759-00114940 FIRSTLY LET US BE STARTED. +Zo2uwWnbPec-00255-00115059-00115196 HEHHH +Zo2uwWnbPec-00256-00115233-00115446 DIFFICULT TO WALK A COAST. +Zo2uwWnbPec-00257-00115492-00115792 SO KIND OF SWAMP. +Zo2uwWnbPec-00258-00115792-00116135 PIKES ARE OVER THERE. +Zo2uwWnbPec-00259-00116166-00116394 YOU KNOW A QUANTITY... +Zo2uwWnbPec-00260-00116450-00116635 EVERYWHERE HERE. +Zo2uwWnbPec-00261-00116708-00117006 AND THEN WE CAN GO TO OUTFALL IN ORDER TO FISH +Zo2uwWnbPec-00262-00117106-00117266 HARRYS. +Zo2uwWnbPec-00263-00117326-00117506 EVERY BEAR WILL ARRIVE. +Zo2uwWnbPec-00264-00117606-00117872 TO THIS SMELLING FOOD. +Zo2uwWnbPec-00265-00118296-00118626 OJOJOJ..A BEAUTY IS! +Zo2uwWnbPec-00266-00118746-00118958 IT CAN T BE! +Zo2uwWnbPec-00267-00119104-00119302 SO. +Zo2uwWnbPec-00268-00119685-00120030 WITH NO OIL! +Zo2uwWnbPec-00269-00120333-00120508 HEALTHY FOOD! +Zo2uwWnbPec-00270-00120692-00120852 ANTIFREE +Zo2uwWnbPec-00271-00121698-00122109 MICHAEL UREVICH WILL EAT THIS FIN +Zo2uwWnbPec-00272-00122200-00122322 TRY +Zo2uwWnbPec-00273-00122378-00122564 SO, LET ME THINK IN WHAT WAY WELL BE EATING... +Zo2uwWnbPec-00274-00122688-00122835 IN NICE WAY... +Zo2uwWnbPec-00275-00122885-00123076 WE TOOK SAULT. +Zo2uwWnbPec-00276-00123422-00123733 WHO DID WANT TO GO EXTREME FISHING? +Zo2uwWnbPec-00277-00123750-00123974 WE D HAVE GONE! +Zo2uwWnbPec-00278-00123990-00124244 NO DISH AT ALL. +Zo2uwWnbPec-00279-00124614-00124794 WATERFALL. +Zo2uwWnbPec-00280-00124894-00125064 STAYING AND LOOKING AT. +Zo2uwWnbPec-00281-00126359-00126626 WHERE DID WE PUT OUR DISH? +Zo2uwWnbPec-00282-00126824-00126935 AHH +Zo2uwWnbPec-00283-00127009-00127320 W-H-E-R-E? +Zo2uwWnbPec-00284-00127470-00127672 SOMETHING WE MIGHT HAVE FORGOTTEN. +Zo2uwWnbPec-00285-00127846-00128008 IN BAGS... +Zo2uwWnbPec-00286-00128382-00128558 SO +Zo2uwWnbPec-00287-00128628-00128728 SO +Zo2uwWnbPec-00288-00128859-00128959 READY +Zo2uwWnbPec-00289-00129054-00129166 OUR FISH IS. +Zo2uwWnbPec-00290-00130800-00130930 MISHA, GO EATING! +Zo2uwWnbPec-00291-00131136-00131330 SAULT TAKEN ONLY. +Zo2uwWnbPec-00292-00133346-00133470 HERE IT IS! +Zo2uwWnbPec-00293-00133674-00133782 READY +Zo2uwWnbPec-00294-00134694-00134954 OJOJOJOJJJ +Zo2uwWnbPec-00295-00137962-00138074 FOOD. +Zo2uwWnbPec-00296-00138834-00139004 GOOD EVEN WITH NO SAULT. +Zo2uwWnbPec-00297-00139542-00139892 BOOM! EAT LIKE AN APPLE! +Zo2uwWnbPec-00298-00140220-00140350 TO SAY SO, +Zo2uwWnbPec-00299-00140468-00140626 PIKE IS NICE. +Zo2uwWnbPec-00300-00140808-00141048 AMM +Zo2uwWnbPec-00301-00141146-00141290 TASSSSS +Zo2uwWnbPec-00302-00141456-00141716 NO BONES IN BIG PIKE. +Zo2uwWnbPec-00303-00141950-00142166 EVEN WITH NO BREAD +Zo2uwWnbPec-00304-00142220-00142332 ONE FISH... +Zo2uwWnbPec-00305-00142490-00142794 FISH DIET I HAVE. +Zo2uwWnbPec-00306-00142794-00142894 IT IS NICER. +Zo2uwWnbPec-00307-00142958-00143058 AGREE, MISHKA? +Zo2uwWnbPec-00308-00143090-00143310 PUTTING NEW PORTION... +Zo2uwWnbPec-00309-00143550-00143826 THAT S IMPORTANT THERE IS A LOT OF SUCH A FOOD. +Zo2uwWnbPec-00310-00143970-00144258 A LOT OF. +Zo2uwWnbPec-00311-00144258-00144644 MICHAEL UREVICH SUCCEDED IN SO. +Zo2uwWnbPec-00312-00144714-00144842 PICES OF FISH. +Zo2uwWnbPec-00313-00145018-00145196 AND EVEN BLOOD. +Zo2uwWnbPec-00314-00145550-00145814 SO NEEDED POCKET. +Zo2uwWnbPec-00315-00145826-00146046 WE NEED TO WASH IT. +Zo2uwWnbPec-00316-00146148-00146326 UNDER RUBBISH A BIG ONE! +Zo2uwWnbPec-00317-00146414-00146514 POCKETS... +Zo2uwWnbPec-00318-00146998-00147210 ONE MORE. +Zo2uwWnbPec-00319-00147306-00147472 A FIN IS TASTY TOO. +Zo2uwWnbPec-00320-00148100-00148200 WHAT? +Zo2uwWnbPec-00321-00149272-00149490 OHH..MISHANYA.. +Zo2uwWnbPec-00322-00149614-00149762 HOW IS FOOD? +Zo2uwWnbPec-00323-00150582-00150870 BOOM WITH A SAULT. +Zo2uwWnbPec-00324-00150870-00151054 IF YOU BEHAVE IN A GOOD WAY, YOU LL BE GIVEN A SAULT. +Zo2uwWnbPec-00325-00151300-00151470 TASTY. +Zo2uwWnbPec-00326-00152272-00152476 NICE FOOD. NOT BIG BONES... +Zo2uwWnbPec-00327-00152552-00152716 GIVE ME A PIECE OF IT. +Zo2uwWnbPec-00328-00152810-00152922 AQUARIUM +Zo2uwWnbPec-00329-00152960-00153194 IS HERE. +Zo2uwWnbPec-00330-00153682-00153934 WE MIGHT CATCH HARRYSES. +Zo2uwWnbPec-00331-00154044-00154204 TO THE LATER DINNER. +Zo2uwWnbPec-00332-00154278-00154448 WILL GO TO THAT PLACE +Zo2uwWnbPec-00333-00154552-00154754 BY WATER VEICLE. +Zo2uwWnbPec-00334-00154794-00155052 NEW PORTION IS WAITING... +Zo2uwWnbPec-00335-00155180-00155422 PIKES ARE READY. +Zo2uwWnbPec-00336-00157342-00157632 ARE YOU READY TO EAT PIKES, BABY? +Zo2uwWnbPec-00337-00157734-00158032 SO BEAUTIFUL AREA. +Zo2uwWnbPec-00338-00158356-00158608 WE NEED 3 KG +Zo2uwWnbPec-00339-00158676-00158884 IN ORDER NOT TO HAVE LEFT OUT ONES. +Zo2uwWnbPec-00340-00159038-00159318 FISH +Zo2uwWnbPec-00341-00159334-00159466 FISH +Zo2uwWnbPec-00342-00159528-00159660 ONE MORE PIECE +Zo2uwWnbPec-00343-00159754-00159854 TRY. +Zo2uwWnbPec-00344-00160706-00162202 SINGING... +Zo2uwWnbPec-00345-00162348-00162652 EASY DELIGHTING THINGS OF PEOPLE... +Zo2uwWnbPec-00346-00162652-00162788 TO EAT TILL ... +Zo2uwWnbPec-00347-00162832-00163140 HEALTHY FOOD. +Zo2uwWnbPec-00348-00163140-00163254 WITH NO OIL... +Zo2uwWnbPec-00349-00163322-00163580 O GRILL IS FRYING. +Zo2uwWnbPec-00350-00164054-00164322 WHERE TIDING IS... +Zo2uwWnbPec-00351-00164322-00164962 THEY DO LABYRINTHS OF STONES +Zo2uwWnbPec-00352-00164978-00165252 AND FISH GOES STRAIGHT +Zo2uwWnbPec-00353-00165278-00165504 AND NOT TIME +Zo2uwWnbPec-00354-00165566-00165864 FINNS +Zo2uwWnbPec-00355-00165864-00166168 WHY THERE IS NO FISH? +Zo2uwWnbPec-00356-00166230-00166358 TAYMEN IS HERE. +Zo2uwWnbPec-00357-00166526-00166668 IT MAKES THEM GO AWAY. +Zo2uwWnbPec-00358-00166720-00167024 JUST LIVES +Zo2uwWnbPec-00359-00167134-00167256 ON THIS PLACE +Zo2uwWnbPec-00360-00167354-00167582 ALL CONCURENTS ARE OUT. +Zo2uwWnbPec-00361-00167628-00167780 WOULD YOU LIKE +Zo2uwWnbPec-00362-00167838-00168050 IF YOURS HARRYSES ARE EATEN BY PIKE? +Zo2uwWnbPec-00363-00169346-00169516 WELCOME! +Zo2uwWnbPec-00364-00169576-00169676 FREERER +Zo2uwWnbPec-00365-00169846-00170066 KEEP THIS INSTRUMENT. +Zo2uwWnbPec-00366-00175484-00175584 MISHAN +Zo2uwWnbPec-00367-00175638-00175760 WE ARE TRYING... +Zo2uwWnbPec-00368-00176260-00176436 HERE +Zo2uwWnbPec-00369-00176486-00176756 SHOULD BE SOMETHING UNDER POPPER. +Zo2uwWnbPec-00370-00177332-00177618 OHHH. YES! +Zo2uwWnbPec-00371-00177618-00177870 A PIKE! +Zo2uwWnbPec-00372-00178080-00178342 ONE MORE TIME. +Zo2uwWnbPec-00373-00178422-00178718 ONE IS CAUGHT, BUT ANOTHER. +Zo2uwWnbPec-00374-00180244-00180350 YES! +Zo2uwWnbPec-00375-00182744-00183050 WILL BE TASTY FISH. +Zo2uwWnbPec-00376-00183370-00183522 IT MAY GO AWAY... +Zo2uwWnbPec-00377-00184414-00184706 COME ON! +Zo2uwWnbPec-00378-00184904-00185070 OOOH +Zo2uwWnbPec-00379-00185172-00185322 OPA +Zo2uwWnbPec-00380-00185366-00185652 WHAT WAS... +Zo2uwWnbPec-00381-00185912-00186160 ON YHE BOAT. +Zo2uwWnbPec-00382-00186450-00186630 DID IT WANT TO MAKE US FALL DOWN? +Zo2uwWnbPec-00383-00191856-00192104 MICHA, TAKE IT! +Zo2uwWnbPec-00384-00192104-00192354 DON T BE SCARED! +Zo2uwWnbPec-00385-00198124-00198322 10 +Zo2uwWnbPec-00386-00201964-00202224 SOMETHING GOOD IS CAUGHT! +Zo2uwWnbPec-00387-00202484-00202646 GOOD +Zo2uwWnbPec-00388-00202682-00202922 SOMETHING HEAVY! +Zo2uwWnbPec-00389-00204454-00204748 EVEN A CROCODILE... +Zo2uwWnbPec-00390-00205742-00206042 YOU CONSIDER IT TOOK A LITTLE TIME, DON T YOU? +Zo2uwWnbPec-00391-00206316-00206628 TCHHH...BE CAREFUL +Zo2uwWnbPec-00392-00206730-00207084 IT SWALLOWED +Zo2uwWnbPec-00393-00207108-00207402 DON T PUT YOUR HANDS! +Zo2uwWnbPec-00394-00207534-00208058 IT COULD BIT YOU A HAND. +Zo2uwWnbPec-00395-00208796-00209014 TRY IT! +Zo2uwWnbPec-00396-00211178-00211376 COME ON! COME ON! +Zo2uwWnbPec-00397-00217546-00217846 WE DID OUR BEST! CAUGHT A FISH! +Zo2uwWnbPec-00398-00218558-00218866 TAKE A ROPE... +Zo2uwWnbPec-00399-00218866-00219066 TAKE IT! +Zo2uwWnbPec-00400-00219776-00220104 BE CAREFUL! +Zo2uwWnbPec-00401-00221098-00221448 MISHA YOU... +Zo2uwWnbPec-00402-00221934-00222232 SAID IT WAS 5 +Zo2uwWnbPec-00403-00222802-00223128 WELL DONE! +Zo2uwWnbPec-00404-00224162-00224326 TEETH ARE! +Zo2uwWnbPec-00405-00225412-00226256 PUT YOUR HANDS AWAY! +Zo2uwWnbPec-00406-00226300-00226510 SO, LADS! CONGRATULATIONS TO ME! +Zo2uwWnbPec-00407-00226580-00226740 I HAVE! +Zo2uwWnbPec-00408-00226852-00227371 MISHKA, WHAT DO YOU THINK? +Zo2uwWnbPec-00409-00227940-00228248 SO, FISHING IS! +Zo2uwWnbPec-00410-00228248-00228516 WE ARE NOT WELL PREPARED FOR IT. +Zo2uwWnbPec-00411-00228602-00229058 SEE NEW TECHNOLOGIES! +Zo2uwWnbPec-00412-00229504-00229684 GOOD! +Zo2uwWnbPec-00413-00229756-00230096 WILL GET TO THAT BAY AND CATCH MORE... +Zo2uwWnbPec-00414-00231044-00231258 3 D DAY +Zo2uwWnbPec-00415-00231262-00231426 STOOL IS ROUGH +Zo2uwWnbPec-00416-00231494-00231706 HAHHHH +Zo2uwWnbPec-00417-00234269-00234446 YOUR PIKE IS THERE! +Zo2uwWnbPec-00418-00234688-00234866 NO +Zo2uwWnbPec-00419-00234930-00235086 CLOSER... +Zo2uwWnbPec-00420-00240478-00240816 HAS TO BE 8 KG!) +Zo2uwWnbPec-00421-00245200-00245400 GOOD DRIVER! +Zo2uwWnbPec-00422-00246854-00247010 I LL HELP YOU! KEEP CALM! +Zo2uwWnbPec-00423-00247158-00247300 KEEP CALM! +Zo2uwWnbPec-00424-00248078-00248228 READY! +Zo2uwWnbPec-00425-00248276-00248548 WE LL JUST WALK HERE. +Zo2uwWnbPec-00426-00248584-00248864 JUST THROW AWAY! +Zo2uwWnbPec-00427-00248969-00249140 HARRYS CAN BE THERE. +Zo2uwWnbPec-00428-00249314-00249456 PERK. PERK. +Zo2uwWnbPec-00429-00249521-00249634 PERK, MISH. +Zo2uwWnbPec-00430-00249917-00250106 PERK. +Zo2uwWnbPec-00431-00250696-00250796 DOWN? +Zo2uwWnbPec-00432-00253746-00254719 GOING HOME? +Zo2uwWnbPec-00433-00256604-00256826 WILL TAKE IT! +Zo2uwWnbPec-00434-00259273-00259478 OUR TENT ALONE. +Zo2uwWnbPec-00435-00261814-00261980 PULLING OVER. +Zo2uwWnbPec-00436-00264220-00264522 I LL COME AND SEE WHAT YOU VE CAUGHT. +Zo2uwWnbPec-00437-00264792-00265110 MISHKA S CAUGHT SMTH GREAT! +Zo2uwWnbPec-00438-00265510-00265700 I M COMING... +Zo2uwWnbPec-00439-00265874-00266018 WHAT A HURRY? +Zo2uwWnbPec-00440-00266532-00266888 DON T BE WEAK! DON T HURRY! +Zo2uwWnbPec-00441-00267000-00267214 BY BOAT. +Zo2uwWnbPec-00442-00268244-00268426 DID YOU SEE A PERK? +Zo2uwWnbPec-00443-00268620-00268850 I LL CATCH IT! +Zo2uwWnbPec-00444-00270394-00270650 SO KIND OF FISHFOOD TO CATCH ON... +Zo2uwWnbPec-00445-00272508-00272720 COOL! +Zo2uwWnbPec-00446-00273420-00273640 WE CAUGHT SOMETHING. +Zo2uwWnbPec-00447-00273672-00273772 HOHOHHH +Zo2uwWnbPec-00448-00274808-00275028 WHAT... +Zo2uwWnbPec-00449-00276454-00276638 PIKE! PIKE! +Zo2uwWnbPec-00450-00277730-00277930 YES! +Zo2uwWnbPec-00451-00278274-00278442 NOOOOU...DOWN... +Zo2uwWnbPec-00452-00279250-00279496 ANOTHER FOR PIKE. +Zo2uwWnbPec-00453-00280056-00280262 WE HAVE... +Zo2uwWnbPec-00454-00280294-00280586 THIS RED THING... +Zo2uwWnbPec-00455-00281526-00281804 WE LL GIVE IT ! +Zo2uwWnbPec-00456-00283082-00283264 DOESN T WANT THIS ONE. +Zo2uwWnbPec-00457-00285406-00285624 BATTERY IS LOW! +Zo2uwWnbPec-00458-00291300-00291470 LOOK! +Zo2uwWnbPec-00459-00291508-00291738 MISHA! BIG ONE! +Zo2uwWnbPec-00460-00291954-00292114 SMOKES! +Zo2uwWnbPec-00461-00293366-00293538 WHAT... +Zo2uwWnbPec-00462-00293780-00293934 PUT IT DOWN! +Zo2uwWnbPec-00463-00294348-00294652 BIG FISH IS POINTED. +Zo2uwWnbPec-00464-00297868-00298196 TRY! +Zo2uwWnbPec-00465-00298196-00298432 BIG FISH WAS. +Zo2uwWnbPec-00466-00298586-00298878 CAREFULLY! +Zo2uwWnbPec-00467-00299594-00299760 SO, GET STICKS READY. +Zo2uwWnbPec-00468-00299814-00300092 3 D TIME. +Zo2uwWnbPec-00469-00300174-00300474 RED FISH. +Zo2uwWnbPec-00470-00301852-00302056 PIKE. +Zo2uwWnbPec-00471-00302130-00302646 DON T RISE FISHING ROD UP +Zo2uwWnbPec-00472-00302700-00302952 DUE NOT TO BREAK IT! +Zo2uwWnbPec-00473-00302952-00303248 LO LENGTH SHOULD BE +Zo2uwWnbPec-00474-00303292-00303442 COME ON! +Zo2uwWnbPec-00475-00303474-00303738 IT S VERY STRONG. +Zo2uwWnbPec-00476-00303738-00304070 NOT PIKE....NO.. IT IS! +Zo2uwWnbPec-00477-00304510-00304690 STOPPP! +Zo2uwWnbPec-00478-00304742-00305038 CAREFULLY +Zo2uwWnbPec-00479-00306802-00307100 NOT BAD! +Zo2uwWnbPec-00480-00309698-00309852 TRY ELSE! +Zo2uwWnbPec-00481-00309988-00310178 FIRSTLY THIS ONE. +Zo2uwWnbPec-00482-00310216-00310544 IT S IMPORTANT NOT TO BE BITEN. +Zo2uwWnbPec-00483-00311312-00311500 NOT BAD! +Zo2uwWnbPec-00484-00311966-00312386 IT S 12:30 +Zo2uwWnbPec-00485-00312410-00312624 WANT TO TAKE PHOTOS +Zo2uwWnbPec-00486-00312638-00312934 MISHA CAUGHT FISH ON WELL. +Zo2uwWnbPec-00487-00312976-00313130 BUT I AM A CHAMPION. +Zo2uwWnbPec-00488-00313240-00313454 QUANTITY AND QUALITY. +Zo2uwWnbPec-00489-00313508-00313676 I CAUGHT THE FATTEST FISH. +Zo2uwWnbPec-00490-00313732-00313998 3 PIKES, MISHA CAUGHT 1. +Zo2uwWnbPec-00491-00314608-00314862 THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION +Zo2uwWnbPec-00492-00314862-00315110 HOPE YOU ARE DELIGHTED! +Zo2uwWnbPec-00493-00315154-00315318 SUBSCRIBE US! +Zo2uwWnbPec-00494-00315328-00315492 AND ALSO WRITE SOME COMMENTS. +Zo2uwWnbPec-00495-00315562-00315876 THESE EASY THINGS CAN IMPROVE OUR BUSINESS +Zo2uwWnbPec-00496-00315908-00316180 SEE YOU NEXT TIME +Zo2uwWnbPec-00497-00316180-00316464 ALL THE BEST +Zo2uwWnbPec-00498-00316464-00316576 YOURS, GERASIM SHERP +Z30oydDFO3I-00000-00000000-00000368 help 4274320033028047 Sberbank Qiwi +79780196177👍 +Z3zV-2cGlmo-00000-00000000-00000747 Hi this is Ella from When I Work. Today +Z3zV-2cGlmo-00001-00000747-00000936 I'm going to show managers how to set up +Z3zV-2cGlmo-00002-00000936-00001245 annotations on a computer. Annotations +Z3zV-2cGlmo-00003-00001245-00001392 allow you to broadcast announcements, +Z3zV-2cGlmo-00004-00001392-00001671 specify days your business is closed, and +Z3zV-2cGlmo-00005-00001671-00001800 restrict certain days from being +Z3zV-2cGlmo-00006-00001800-00002148 requested off. To get started creating an +Z3zV-2cGlmo-00007-00002148-00002457 annotation, click on scheduler. Click on a +Z3zV-2cGlmo-00008-00002457-00002649 bubble icon with the plus sign to the +Z3zV-2cGlmo-00009-00002649-00002759 right of the day you'd like an +Z3zV-2cGlmo-00010-00002759-00002993 annotation created. I'm going to create +Z3zV-2cGlmo-00011-00002993-00003243 an annotation for Tuesday. From here +Z3zV-2cGlmo-00012-00003243-00003444 select a range of dates the annotation +Z3zV-2cGlmo-00013-00003444-00003623 is effective, or just have it effective +Z3zV-2cGlmo-00014-00003623-00003848 for one day. Choose the color for how +Z3zV-2cGlmo-00015-00003848-00004026 you'd like the annotation to appear when +Z3zV-2cGlmo-00016-00004026-00004239 viewing schedules. Select the locations +Z3zV-2cGlmo-00017-00004239-00004464 where the annotation will apply and create +Z3zV-2cGlmo-00018-00004464-00004998 a title. Choose which annotation type applies +Z3zV-2cGlmo-00019-00004998-00005178 and include a message for staff to +Z3zV-2cGlmo-00020-00005178-00005436 see on the dates selected. If you selected +Z3zV-2cGlmo-00021-00005436-00005667 "business is closed", the date on the +Z3zV-2cGlmo-00022-00005667-00005862 scheduler will change to "closed" and your +Z3zV-2cGlmo-00023-00005862-00006039 staff will be able to hover over it and +Z3zV-2cGlmo-00024-00006039-00006180 see the title and message. If +Z3zV-2cGlmo-00025-00006180-00006419 "announcement" was selected, the dates will +Z3zV-2cGlmo-00026-00006419-00006588 be highlighted. This is how it would +Z3zV-2cGlmo-00027-00006588-00006761 appear if "don't allow time off" was +Z3zV-2cGlmo-00028-00006761-00006975 selected as well. However, in that case +Z3zV-2cGlmo-00029-00006975-00007190 users will be unable to request time off +Z3zV-2cGlmo-00030-00007190-00007365 for the dates noted in the annotation. +Z3zV-2cGlmo-00031-00007365-00007647 Annotations help you communicate more +Z3zV-2cGlmo-00032-00007647-00007836 effectively with your staff and help you +Z3zV-2cGlmo-00033-00007836-00008173 keep your events in view. +Z4cBFTevXmg-00000-00000024-00000385 If I had to name an inventor who'd made the largest economic impact +Z4cBFTevXmg-00001-00000385-00000814 on the 20th century, I'd consider James A. Bonsack. +Z4cBFTevXmg-00002-00000814-00001053 The economic impact of his work might put him up there with +Z4cBFTevXmg-00003-00001053-00001482 Thomas Edison, Alexander Graham Bell, and the flying Wright brothers. +Z4cBFTevXmg-00004-00001482-00001932 In 1881 Bonsack invented the automatic cigarette making machine. +Z4cBFTevXmg-00005-00001932-00002248 It helped tobacco use skyrocket in the 20th century. +Z4cBFTevXmg-00006-00002248-00002542 Using an incredible system of gears, rollers, and levers, +Z4cBFTevXmg-00007-00002542-00002874 it made one hundred thousand cigarettes a day. +Z4cBFTevXmg-00008-00002874-00003347 As Bonsack noted in his patent application "This general result has heretofore been attempted, +Z4cBFTevXmg-00009-00003347-00003836 but so far as I know with but little success." Indeed, an efficient way to make +Z4cBFTevXmg-00010-00003836-00004235 cigarettes was the stumbling block to bringing tobacco to the masses. +Z4cBFTevXmg-00011-00004235-00004598 In the years before Bonsack's invention, in the early 1870s, +Z4cBFTevXmg-00012-00004598-00004873 tobacco consumption had fallen to an all-time low, +Z4cBFTevXmg-00013-00004873-00005315 yet cigarette sales were outstripping demand. Growers had learned that nicotine +Z4cBFTevXmg-00014-00005315-00005680 delivered by inhalation is a highly addicting substance. +Z4cBFTevXmg-00015-00005680-00005962 Once inside the body nicotine is absorbed by the vast surface +Z4cBFTevXmg-00016-00005962-00006188 of the lungs, and passes rapidly into the bloodstream. +Z4cBFTevXmg-00017-00006188-00006628 From there is it carried back to the heart, which sends a large dose directly, +Z4cBFTevXmg-00018-00006628-00006943 and undiluted, to the brain. The brain, takes in all of the +Z4cBFTevXmg-00019-00006943-00007381 nicotine carried to it. This process take only seven seconds. +Z4cBFTevXmg-00020-00007381-00007672 Compare that to heroin, which, when injected in the forearm, +Z4cBFTevXmg-00021-00007672-00008029 takes 14 seconds. So, growers worked out a way to cure +Z4cBFTevXmg-00022-00008029-00008260 the smoke so that it could be taken into the lungs, +Z4cBFTevXmg-00023-00008260-00008649 unlike cigar and pipe tobacco, which are too harsh. +Z4cBFTevXmg-00024-00008649-00008949 This new tobacco created a demand for cigarettes, +Z4cBFTevXmg-00025-00008949-00009485 the ideal vehicle for inhaling nicotine. James Bonsack's machine met the need +Z4cBFTevXmg-00026-00009485-00009778 with flying colors. Perhaps it isn't fair to blame +Z4cBFTevXmg-00027-00009778-00010046 Bonsack entirely for this. The demand for cigarettes +Z4cBFTevXmg-00028-00010046-00010621 reflected the spirit of the age. A cigar and a pipe were smoked slowly and +Z4cBFTevXmg-00029-00010621-00010768 leisurely, but a cigarette reflected +Z4cBFTevXmg-00030-00010768-00011049 the quickening pace of our nascent industrial age. +Z4cBFTevXmg-00031-00011049-00011490 A cigarette was "light, quick, and short", a "potent symbol of the new velocity of the +Z4cBFTevXmg-00032-00011490-00011813 modern age." With Bonsack's speedy automatic cigarette +Z4cBFTevXmg-00033-00011813-00012085 making machine, manufacturers helped Americans to smoke +Z4cBFTevXmg-00034-00012085-00012486 over a billion cigarettes by 1889, increasing twenty years +Z4cBFTevXmg-00035-00012486-00012861 later to over ten billion. Today American's smoke nearly +Z4cBFTevXmg-00036-00012861-00013200 a trillion cigarettes a year. This, of course, has taken a +Z4cBFTevXmg-00037-00013200-00013684 tremendous human and economic toll. No wonder some have dubbed the 20th century +Z4cBFTevXmg-00038-00013684-00014016 the "Cigarette Century." Let's hope the 21st century +Z4cBFTevXmg-00039-00014016-00014122 gets a better title. +Z9KYR--hGZy-00000-00000060-00000090 Please support my channel😭 +Zug0_0eMyiM-00000-00000283-00001014 [Music] so guys in this video today we'll be testing how I drive +Zug0_0eMyiM-00001-00001086-00001572 in the next video I'll be driving a box truck let's get ready +Zug0_0eMyiM-00002-00001836-00001932 subscribe +Zug0_0eMyiM-00003-00002352-00002514 and then let's get us +Zug0_0eMyiM-00004-00005618-00005718 [Music] +Zug0_0eMyiM-00005-00005718-00006473 so like today in this video will be buying a car and hopefully buying your house +Zug0_0eMyiM-00006-00006731-00006816 so +Zug0_0eMyiM-00007-00007020-00007145 so let's start +Zug0_0eMyiM-00008-00010334-00010434 [Music] +Zug0_0eMyiM-00009-00010434-00010482 foreign +Zug0_0eMyiM-00010-00014330-00014430 [Music] +Zug0_0eMyiM-00011-00014430-00014526 foreign +Zug0_0eMyiM-00012-00020732-00020832 [Music] +Zug0_0eMyiM-00013-00020832-00020886 all right +ZungQKj0Bdg-00000-00000721-00000850 What is going on +ZungQKj0Bdg-00001-00001059-00001188 this is not a trick +ZungQKj0Bdg-00002-00001230-00001284 This is +ZungQKj0Bdg-00003-00001284-00001368 You're the worst! +ZungQKj0Bdg-00004-00001405-00001522 he's just trying to kiss Scarlett +ZungQKj0Bdg-00005-00001564-00001718 what the heck is happening +ZungQKj0Bdg-00006-00001805-00001943 Oh my god +ZungQKj0Bdg-00007-00001985-00002131 that is crazy +ZungQKj0Bdg-00008-00002131-00002185 Scarlett +ZungQKj0Bdg-00009-00002210-00002252 go ahead +ZungQKj0Bdg-00010-00002281-00002377 did you feel anything? +ZungQKj0Bdg-00011-00002377-00002494 Yes i did +ZungQKj0Bdg-00012-00002719-00002869 I felt nothing by the way +ZungQKj0Bdg-00013-00002882-00003036 I kind of felt something too +ZungQKj0Bdg-00014-00003036-00003148 Scarlett I'm glad you did +ZungQKj0Bdg-00015-00003148-00003186 Because +ZungQKj0Bdg-00016-00003186-00003278 Now +ZungQKj0Bdg-00017-00003353-00003428 In my mouth +ZungQKj0Bdg-00018-00003432-00003499 No +ZungQKj0Bdg-00019-00003545-00003632 I now have +ZungQKj0Bdg-00020-00003657-00003770 Scarlett's +ZungQKj0Bdg-00021-00003795-00003958 5 of heart +ZungQKj0Bdg-00022-00003995-00004099 Can i take it off? +ZungQKj0Bdg-00023-00004154-00004212 Open it up +ZungQKj0Bdg-00024-00004450-00004608 Scarlett now has +ZungQKj0Bdg-00025-00004642-00004721 My card +ZungQKj0Bdg-00026-00004721-00004863 how is that possible? +Z-a3H4zgPGU-00000-00000000-00000200 Oju sama +Z-a3H4zgPGU-00001-00000220-00000356 Daijo bu desu ka? +Z-a3H4zgPGU-00002-00000371-00000571 PS2 STARTUP NOISES +ZBtwebwjZKA-00000-00000010-00000063 THE BEAVERS VICTORY OVER CORNELL +ZBtwebwjZKA-00001-00000063-00000070 THE BEAVERS VICTORY OVER CORNELL +ZBtwebwjZKA-00002-00000070-00000163 THE BEAVERS VICTORY OVER CORNELL TO SEND BSU TO ITS FIRST EVER +ZBtwebwjZKA-00003-00000163-00000170 THE BEAVERS VICTORY OVER CORNELL TO SEND BSU TO ITS FIRST EVER +ZBtwebwjZKA-00004-00000170-00000260 THE BEAVERS VICTORY OVER CORNELL TO SEND BSU TO ITS FIRST EVER FROZEN FOUR. +ZBtwebwjZKA-00005-00000260-00000266 TO SEND BSU TO ITS FIRST EVER FROZEN FOUR. +ZBtwebwjZKA-00006-00000266-00000390 TO SEND BSU TO ITS FIRST EVER FROZEN FOUR. >>> CHAMPIONSHIP SATURDAY AT THE +ZBtwebwjZKA-00007-00000390-00000397 FROZEN FOUR. >>> CHAMPIONSHIP SATURDAY AT THE +ZBtwebwjZKA-00008-00000397-00000530 FROZEN FOUR. >>> CHAMPIONSHIP SATURDAY AT THE BIRCHMONT NEVER DISAPPOINTS AND +ZBtwebwjZKA-00009-00000530-00000537 >>> CHAMPIONSHIP SATURDAY AT THE BIRCHMONT NEVER DISAPPOINTS AND +ZBtwebwjZKA-00010-00000537-00000667 >>> CHAMPIONSHIP SATURDAY AT THE BIRCHMONT NEVER DISAPPOINTS AND THIS YEAR WAS NO DIFFERENT. +ZBtwebwjZKA-00011-00000667-00000673 BIRCHMONT NEVER DISAPPOINTS AND THIS YEAR WAS NO DIFFERENT. +ZBtwebwjZKA-00012-00000673-00000794 BIRCHMONT NEVER DISAPPOINTS AND THIS YEAR WAS NO DIFFERENT. THE MEN'S CHAMPIONSHIP FEATURED +ZBtwebwjZKA-00013-00000794-00000800 THIS YEAR WAS NO DIFFERENT. THE MEN'S CHAMPIONSHIP FEATURED +ZBtwebwjZKA-00014-00000800-00001064 THIS YEAR WAS NO DIFFERENT. THE MEN'S CHAMPIONSHIP FEATURED NICK SCHAEFER WHO WON THE TITLE +ZBtwebwjZKA-00015-00001064-00001071 THE MEN'S CHAMPIONSHIP FEATURED NICK SCHAEFER WHO WON THE TITLE +ZBtwebwjZKA-00016-00001071-00001224 THE MEN'S CHAMPIONSHIP FEATURED NICK SCHAEFER WHO WON THE TITLE IN 2015 AND CHRIS CURB, THE +ZBtwebwjZKA-00017-00001224-00001231 NICK SCHAEFER WHO WON THE TITLE IN 2015 AND CHRIS CURB, THE +ZBtwebwjZKA-00018-00001231-00001411 NICK SCHAEFER WHO WON THE TITLE IN 2015 AND CHRIS CURB, THE BEMIDJI NATIVE WHO HAS MADE IT +ZBtwebwjZKA-00019-00001411-00001418 IN 2015 AND CHRIS CURB, THE BEMIDJI NATIVE WHO HAS MADE IT +ZBtwebwjZKA-00020-00001418-00001541 IN 2015 AND CHRIS CURB, THE BEMIDJI NATIVE WHO HAS MADE IT TO THE SEMIS TWICE, BUT NEVER +ZBtwebwjZKA-00021-00001541-00001548 BEMIDJI NATIVE WHO HAS MADE IT TO THE SEMIS TWICE, BUT NEVER +ZBtwebwjZKA-00022-00001548-00001821 BEMIDJI NATIVE WHO HAS MADE IT TO THE SEMIS TWICE, BUT NEVER HAS WON IT ALL. +ZBtwebwjZKA-00023-00001821-00001828 TO THE SEMIS TWICE, BUT NEVER HAS WON IT ALL. +ZBtwebwjZKA-00024-00001828-00001965 TO THE SEMIS TWICE, BUT NEVER HAS WON IT ALL. THEY SAID IT WAS THE BIGGEST +ZBtwebwjZKA-00025-00001965-00001971 HAS WON IT ALL. THEY SAID IT WAS THE BIGGEST +ZBtwebwjZKA-00026-00001971-00002122 HAS WON IT ALL. THEY SAID IT WAS THE BIGGEST CROWD IN MEMORY FOR THE MATCH +ZBtwebwjZKA-00027-00002122-00002128 THEY SAID IT WAS THE BIGGEST CROWD IN MEMORY FOR THE MATCH +ZBtwebwjZKA-00028-00002128-00002479 THEY SAID IT WAS THE BIGGEST CROWD IN MEMORY FOR THE MATCH AND IT WAS A GOOD ONE +ZBtwebwjZKA-00029-00002479-00002485 CROWD IN MEMORY FOR THE MATCH AND IT WAS A GOOD ONE +ZBtwebwjZKA-00030-00002485-00002549 CROWD IN MEMORY FOR THE MATCH AND IT WAS A GOOD ONE IT WAS ALL SQUARE HEADED INTO +ZBtwebwjZKA-00031-00002549-00002555 AND IT WAS A GOOD ONE IT WAS ALL SQUARE HEADED INTO +ZBtwebwjZKA-00032-00002555-00002622 AND IT WAS A GOOD ONE IT WAS ALL SQUARE HEADED INTO THE 15th WHEN THINGS GOT GOOD. +ZBtwebwjZKA-00033-00002622-00002629 IT WAS ALL SQUARE HEADED INTO THE 15th WHEN THINGS GOT GOOD. +ZBtwebwjZKA-00034-00002629-00002732 IT WAS ALL SQUARE HEADED INTO THE 15th WHEN THINGS GOT GOOD. SCHAEFER PUTTING JUST OFF THE +ZBtwebwjZKA-00035-00002732-00002739 THE 15th WHEN THINGS GOT GOOD. SCHAEFER PUTTING JUST OFF THE +ZBtwebwjZKA-00036-00002739-00002832 THE 15th WHEN THINGS GOT GOOD. SCHAEFER PUTTING JUST OFF THE GREEN FOR EAGLE FROM 40 FEET +ZBtwebwjZKA-00037-00002832-00002839 SCHAEFER PUTTING JUST OFF THE GREEN FOR EAGLE FROM 40 FEET +ZBtwebwjZKA-00038-00002839-00002922 SCHAEFER PUTTING JUST OFF THE GREEN FOR EAGLE FROM 40 FEET AWAY. +ZBtwebwjZKA-00039-00002922-00002929 GREEN FOR EAGLE FROM 40 FEET AWAY. +ZBtwebwjZKA-00040-00002929-00003329 GREEN FOR EAGLE FROM 40 FEET AWAY. BOTTOM OF THE CUP, N +ZBtwebwjZKA-00041-00003329-00003336 AWAY. BOTTOM OF THE CUP, N +ZBtwebwjZKA-00042-00003336-00003480 AWAY. BOTTOM OF THE CUP, N CELEBRATION AS CURB HAD THIS +ZBtwebwjZKA-00043-00003480-00003486 BOTTOM OF THE CUP, N CELEBRATION AS CURB HAD THIS +ZBtwebwjZKA-00044-00003486-00003740 BOTTOM OF THE CUP, N CELEBRATION AS CURB HAD THIS EAGLE PUTT OF HIS OWN. +ZBtwebwjZKA-00045-00003740-00003747 CELEBRATION AS CURB HAD THIS EAGLE PUTT OF HIS OWN. +ZBtwebwjZKA-00046-00003747-00003813 CELEBRATION AS CURB HAD THIS EAGLE PUTT OF HIS OWN. FROM 20 FEET AWAY, HAS A GOOD +ZBtwebwjZKA-00047-00003813-00003820 EAGLE PUTT OF HIS OWN. FROM 20 FEET AWAY, HAS A GOOD +ZBtwebwjZKA-00048-00003820-00003907 EAGLE PUTT OF HIS OWN. FROM 20 FEET AWAY, HAS A GOOD LINE BUT JUST FALLS SHORT AT THE +ZBtwebwjZKA-00049-00003907-00003913 FROM 20 FEET AWAY, HAS A GOOD LINE BUT JUST FALLS SHORT AT THE +ZBtwebwjZKA-00050-00003913-00004344 FROM 20 FEET AWAY, HAS A GOOD LINE BUT JUST FALLS SHORT AT THE END. +ZBtwebwjZKA-00051-00004344-00004351 LINE BUT JUST FALLS SHORT AT THE END. +ZBtwebwjZKA-00052-00004351-00004894 LINE BUT JUST FALLS SHORT AT THE END. SHAVER TAKES A ONE-SHOT +ZBtwebwjZKA-00053-00004894-00004901 END. SHAVER TAKES A ONE-SHOT +ZBtwebwjZKA-00054-00004901-00005141 END. SHAVER TAKES A ONE-SHOT -- SHAVEFFER TAKES A ONE-SHOT +ZBtwebwjZKA-00055-00005141-00005148 SHAVER TAKES A ONE-SHOT -- SHAVEFFER TAKES A ONE-SHOT +ZBtwebwjZKA-00056-00005148-00005341 SHAVER TAKES A ONE-SHOT -- SHAVEFFER TAKES A ONE-SHOT LEAD HE INTO 16. +ZBtwebwjZKA-00057-00005341-00005348 -- SHAVEFFER TAKES A ONE-SHOT LEAD HE INTO 16. +ZBtwebwjZKA-00058-00005348-00005412 -- SHAVEFFER TAKES A ONE-SHOT LEAD HE INTO 16. ON THE SHORT PAR FOUR, SHAVER +ZBtwebwjZKA-00059-00005412-00005418 LEAD HE INTO 16. ON THE SHORT PAR FOUR, SHAVER +ZBtwebwjZKA-00060-00005418-00005502 LEAD HE INTO 16. ON THE SHORT PAR FOUR, SHAVER WITH THE WEDGE, STICKS IT TO TEN +ZBtwebwjZKA-00061-00005502-00005508 ON THE SHORT PAR FOUR, SHAVER WITH THE WEDGE, STICKS IT TO TEN +ZBtwebwjZKA-00062-00005508-00005555 ON THE SHORT PAR FOUR, SHAVER WITH THE WEDGE, STICKS IT TO TEN FEET. +ZBtwebwjZKA-00063-00005555-00005562 WITH THE WEDGE, STICKS IT TO TEN FEET. +ZBtwebwjZKA-00064-00005562-00005749 WITH THE WEDGE, STICKS IT TO TEN FEET. BOTH PLAYERS WOULD MAKE PAR SO +ZBtwebwjZKA-00065-00005749-00005755 FEET. BOTH PLAYERS WOULD MAKE PAR SO +ZBtwebwjZKA-00066-00005755-00005855 FEET. BOTH PLAYERS WOULD MAKE PAR SO WE HEAD TO 17 SHAVER ONE UP. +ZBtwebwjZKA-00067-00005855-00005862 BOTH PLAYERS WOULD MAKE PAR SO WE HEAD TO 17 SHAVER ONE UP. +ZBtwebwjZKA-00068-00005862-00005979 BOTH PLAYERS WOULD MAKE PAR SO WE HEAD TO 17 SHAVER ONE UP. FROM THE FAIRWAY, SHAVER, CALM, +ZBtwebwjZKA-00069-00005979-00005985 WE HEAD TO 17 SHAVER ONE UP. FROM THE FAIRWAY, SHAVER, CALM, +ZBtwebwjZKA-00070-00005985-00006089 WE HEAD TO 17 SHAVER ONE UP. FROM THE FAIRWAY, SHAVER, CALM, COOL AND ON THE DANCE FLOOR. +ZBtwebwjZKA-00071-00006089-00006096 FROM THE FAIRWAY, SHAVER, CALM, COOL AND ON THE DANCE FLOOR. +ZBtwebwjZKA-00072-00006096-00006152 FROM THE FAIRWAY, SHAVER, CALM, COOL AND ON THE DANCE FLOOR. CURB WOULD GO LONG ON HIS +ZBtwebwjZKA-00073-00006152-00006159 COOL AND ON THE DANCE FLOOR. CURB WOULD GO LONG ON HIS +ZBtwebwjZKA-00074-00006159-00006252 COOL AND ON THE DANCE FLOOR. CURB WOULD GO LONG ON HIS APPROACH. +ZBtwebwjZKA-00075-00006252-00006259 CURB WOULD GO LONG ON HIS APPROACH. +ZBtwebwjZKA-00076-00006259-00006362 CURB WOULD GO LONG ON HIS APPROACH. SO OFF THE BACK NEEDING AN UP +ZBtwebwjZKA-00077-00006362-00006369 APPROACH. SO OFF THE BACK NEEDING AN UP +ZBtwebwjZKA-00078-00006369-00006436 APPROACH. SO OFF THE BACK NEEDING AN UP AND DOWN TO EXTEND. +ZBtwebwjZKA-00079-00006436-00006443 SO OFF THE BACK NEEDING AN UP AND DOWN TO EXTEND. +ZBtwebwjZKA-00080-00006443-00006539 SO OFF THE BACK NEEDING AN UP AND DOWN TO EXTEND. THE CHIP GOES LONG, COULDN'T +ZBtwebwjZKA-00081-00006539-00006546 AND DOWN TO EXTEND. THE CHIP GOES LONG, COULDN'T +ZBtwebwjZKA-00082-00006546-00006643 AND DOWN TO EXTEND. THE CHIP GOES LONG, COULDN'T MAKE THE COMEBACKER. +ZBtwebwjZKA-00083-00006643-00006649 THE CHIP GOES LONG, COULDN'T MAKE THE COMEBACKER. +ZBtwebwjZKA-00084-00006649-00006763 THE CHIP GOES LONG, COULDN'T MAKE THE COMEBACKER. NICK SCHAEFER IS YOUR 2018 MEN'S +ZBtwebwjZKA-00085-00006763-00006770 MAKE THE COMEBACKER. NICK SCHAEFER IS YOUR 2018 MEN'S +ZBtwebwjZKA-00086-00006770-00007063 MAKE THE COMEBACKER. NICK SCHAEFER IS YOUR 2018 MEN'S CHAMPION. +ZBtwebwjZKA-00087-00007063-00007070 NICK SCHAEFER IS YOUR 2018 MEN'S CHAMPION. +ZBtwebwjZKA-00088-00007070-00007517 NICK SCHAEFER IS YOUR 2018 MEN'S CHAMPION. THE PERFECT END TO WHAT SCHAEFER +ZBtwebwjZKA-00089-00007517-00007524 CHAMPION. THE PERFECT END TO WHAT SCHAEFER +ZBtwebwjZKA-00090-00007524-00007657 CHAMPION. THE PERFECT END TO WHAT SCHAEFER CALMED HIS FAVORITE WEEK OF THE +ZBtwebwjZKA-00091-00007657-00007664 THE PERFECT END TO WHAT SCHAEFER CALMED HIS FAVORITE WEEK OF THE +ZBtwebwjZKA-00092-00007664-00007724 THE PERFECT END TO WHAT SCHAEFER CALMED HIS FAVORITE WEEK OF THE SUMMER. +ZBtwebwjZKA-00093-00007724-00007731 CALMED HIS FAVORITE WEEK OF THE SUMMER. +ZBtwebwjZKA-00094-00007731-00007844 CALMED HIS FAVORITE WEEK OF THE SUMMER. >> IT'S A FUN WEEK. +ZBtwebwjZKA-00095-00007844-00007851 SUMMER. >> IT'S A FUN WEEK. +ZBtwebwjZKA-00096-00007851-00007997 SUMMER. >> IT'S A FUN WEEK. MY FAMILY COMES EVERY YEAR, MY +ZBtwebwjZKA-00097-00007997-00008004 >> IT'S A FUN WEEK. MY FAMILY COMES EVERY YEAR, MY +ZBtwebwjZKA-00098-00008004-00008224 >> IT'S A FUN WEEK. MY FAMILY COMES EVERY YEAR, MY WIFE COMES EVERY YEAR. +ZBtwebwjZKA-00099-00008224-00008231 MY FAMILY COMES EVERY YEAR, MY WIFE COMES EVERY YEAR. +ZBtwebwjZKA-00100-00008231-00008405 MY FAMILY COMES EVERY YEAR, MY WIFE COMES EVERY YEAR. WE ENJOY OURSELVES HERE ALL +ZBtwebwjZKA-00101-00008405-00008411 WIFE COMES EVERY YEAR. WE ENJOY OURSELVES HERE ALL +ZBtwebwjZKA-00102-00008411-00008458 WIFE COMES EVERY YEAR. WE ENJOY OURSELVES HERE ALL WEEK. +ZBtwebwjZKA-00103-00008458-00008465 WE ENJOY OURSELVES HERE ALL WEEK. +ZBtwebwjZKA-00104-00008465-00008638 WE ENJOY OURSELVES HERE ALL WEEK. IT'S FUN TO PUT ICING ON THE +ZBtwebwjZKA-00105-00008638-00008645 WEEK. IT'S FUN TO PUT ICING ON THE +ZBtwebwjZKA-00106-00008645-00008722 WEEK. IT'S FUN TO PUT ICING ON THE CAKE. +ZBtwebwjZKA-00107-00008722-00008728 IT'S FUN TO PUT ICING ON THE CAKE. +ZBtwebwjZKA-00108-00008728-00008882 IT'S FUN TO PUT ICING ON THE CAKE. REGARDLESS, IT'S A GOOD WEEK, +ZBtwebwjZKA-00109-00008882-00008888 CAKE. REGARDLESS, IT'S A GOOD WEEK, +ZBtwebwjZKA-00110-00008888-00009239 CAKE. REGARDLESS, IT'S A GOOD WEEK, BUT IT'S DEFINITELY FUN TO WIN. +ZBtwebwjZKA-00111-00009239-00009245 REGARDLESS, IT'S A GOOD WEEK, BUT IT'S DEFINITELY FUN TO WIN. +ZBtwebwjZKA-00112-00009245-00009396 REGARDLESS, IT'S A GOOD WEEK, BUT IT'S DEFINITELY FUN TO WIN. I WAS JUST TRYING TO LEG IT UP +ZBtwebwjZKA-00113-00009396-00009402 BUT IT'S DEFINITELY FUN TO WIN. I WAS JUST TRYING TO LEG IT UP +ZBtwebwjZKA-00114-00009402-00009496 BUT IT'S DEFINITELY FUN TO WIN. I WAS JUST TRYING TO LEG IT UP THERE. +ZBtwebwjZKA-00115-00009496-00009502 I WAS JUST TRYING TO LEG IT UP THERE. +ZBtwebwjZKA-00116-00009502-00009656 I WAS JUST TRYING TO LEG IT UP THERE. THAT GREEN IS PRETTY FLAT. +ZBtwebwjZKA-00117-00009656-00009662 THERE. THAT GREEN IS PRETTY FLAT. +ZBtwebwjZKA-00118-00009662-00009783 THERE. THAT GREEN IS PRETTY FLAT. I WAS TRYING TO GET THREE TO +ZBtwebwjZKA-00119-00009783-00009789 THAT GREEN IS PRETTY FLAT. I WAS TRYING TO GET THREE TO +ZBtwebwjZKA-00120-00009789-00009976 THAT GREEN IS PRETTY FLAT. I WAS TRYING TO GET THREE TO FOUR FEET FOR A GYM ME. +ZBtwebwjZKA-00121-00009976-00009983 I WAS TRYING TO GET THREE TO FOUR FEET FOR A GYM ME. +ZBtwebwjZKA-00122-00009983-00010140 I WAS TRYING TO GET THREE TO FOUR FEET FOR A GYM ME. ET CETERA UNFORTUNATE IT HIT THE +ZBtwebwjZKA-00123-00010140-00010146 FOUR FEET FOR A GYM ME. ET CETERA UNFORTUNATE IT HIT THE +ZBtwebwjZKA-00124-00010146-00010266 FOUR FEET FOR A GYM ME. ET CETERA UNFORTUNATE IT HIT THE PIN AND WENT IN. +ZBtwebwjZKA-00125-00010266-00010273 ET CETERA UNFORTUNATE IT HIT THE PIN AND WENT IN. +ZBtwebwjZKA-00126-00010273-00010326 ET CETERA UNFORTUNATE IT HIT THE PIN AND WENT IN. I THINK I PUT A LITTLE TOO MUCH +ZCHQW3crH_g-00000-00001697-00001972 Hello, dear. Are you winning? +ZCHQW3crH_g-00001-00002142-00002342 No, I'm not playing video games. +ZCHQW3crH_g-00002-00002400-00002759 I have too many exams and I'm always studying. +ZCHQW3crH_g-00003-00002778-00002979 Oh, seems hard. +ZCHQW3crH_g-00004-00003028-00003292 Lua cooked, if you're hungry. +ZCHQW3crH_g-00005-00003610-00003735 Thanks, dad. +ZCHQW3crH_g-00006-00004027-00004289 Thanks for the food, mom. +ZCHQW3crH_g-00007-00004315-00004489 Anytime, small-bear. +ZCHQW3crH_g-00008-00004635-00004964 I'm sorry we don't yet have a room for you. +ZCHQW3crH_g-00009-00005020-00005120 It's no big deal. +ZCHQW3crH_g-00010-00005135-00005324 The sofa is comfy enough for now. +ZCHQW3crH_g-00011-00005400-00005588 We'll organize soon. +ZCHQW3crH_g-00012-00007058-00007205 Don't yawn. +ZCHQW3crH_g-00013-00007523-00007779 Good morning. You tired? +ZCHQW3crH_g-00014-00008005-00008304 Yes, I studied and studied and studied... +ZCHQW3crH_g-00015-00008324-00008561 For the university exams? +ZCHQW3crH_g-00016-00008604-00008934 Yeah, I want to get into a good university. +ZCHQW3crH_g-00017-00009013-00009181 Well, good luck. +ZCHQW3crH_g-00018-00009404-00009474 Thanks. +ZCHQW3crH_g-00019-00010183-00010461 So have you spoken to Lua yet? +ZCHQW3crH_g-00020-00010505-00010850 No, I haven't... I've been studying so much. +ZCHQW3crH_g-00021-00011129-00011490 Dad, don't you think that it was too fast? +ZCHQW3crH_g-00022-00011523-00011643 What was? +ZCHQW3crH_g-00023-00011659-00012079 You went on vacation and immediately got married? +ZCHQW3crH_g-00024-00012187-00012398 Do you disapprove? +ZCHQW3crH_g-00025-00012600-00013071 It's just... fast. I don't really understand. +ZCHQW3crH_g-00026-00013078-00013128 Well... +ZCHQW3crH_g-00027-00013847-00013911 Ah! +ZCHQW3crH_g-00028-00014154-00014424 Come back from space, Mari. +ZCHQW3crH_g-00029-00014434-00014617 What do you want, Rayto? +ZCHQW3crH_g-00030-00014674-00014982 I'm a customer, you have to serve me. +ZCHQW3crH_g-00031-00015049-00015172 (grumbles) +ZCHQW3crH_g-00032-00015675-00015908 What is your request, my queen? +ZCHQW3crH_g-00033-00015983-00016069 Huh? +ZCHQW3crH_g-00034-00016144-00016344 I want a vanilla coffee. +ZCHQW3crH_g-00035-00016361-00016452 (hmph) +ZCHQW3crH_g-00036-00016590-00016829 It costs 6 steletos. +ZCHQW3crH_g-00037-00016875-00016959 Okay. +ZCHQW3crH_g-00038-00017330-00017439 (laughs quietly) +ZCHQW3crH_g-00039-00018669-00018726 Ah! +ZCHQW3crH_g-00040-00018792-00018958 Uh, Fernando?? +ZCHQW3crH_g-00041-00019040-00019126 Don't laugh. +ZCHQW3crH_g-00042-00019200-00019341 Sorry! +ZCHQW3crH_g-00043-00019598-00019875 I heard your dad got married?? +ZCHQW3crH_g-00044-00019890-00020090 Yes... suddenly. +ZCHQW3crH_g-00045-00020100-00020377 That's good! I'm happy for him! +ZCHQW3crH_g-00046-00020400-00020894 It's weird. I have a new stepmom and brother now... +ZCHQW3crH_g-00047-00020909-00021234 But your dad seems happy, right? +ZCHQW3crH_g-00048-00021281-00021481 Yeah, I guess. +ZCHQW3crH_g-00049-00021481-00021629 Thanks, Fernando. +ZCHQW3crH_g-00050-00021682-00021887 Now gimme coffee!! +ZCHQW3crH_g-00051-00021928-00022071 (inaudible) +ZCHQW3crH_g-00052-00022962-00023393 Hey, Lua, can I watch TV with you? +ZCHQW3crH_g-00053-00023469-00023564 Certainly! +ZCHQW3crH_g-00054-00025286-00025615 Subtitles by Rachel Singh. If you want to translate the subtitles, please email RACHEL@MOOSADER.COM +ZCMtemcI_HQ-00000-00000128-00000512 So you're making a research poster and you want to find a good picture. +ZCMtemcI_HQ-00001-00000512-00000776 This short video will help you figure out where to look. +ZCMtemcI_HQ-00002-00001328-00001807 Given that your research symposium presentation will be made available online, it's important +ZCMtemcI_HQ-00003-00001807-00002216 to make sure that you have the rights to reproduce any image that you might want to use. +ZCMtemcI_HQ-00004-00002288-00002664 Many people believe that simply because they found an image on the internet, +ZCMtemcI_HQ-00005-00002664-00003184 they can use it however they want, but this isn't at all true. Due to the way that us copyright +ZCMtemcI_HQ-00006-00003184-00003615 law works, the only person who can grant you permission to use an image is the person who +ZCMtemcI_HQ-00007-00003615-00004096 holds the rights to that image. For many images, using it on your poster would mean having to +ZCMtemcI_HQ-00008-00004096-00004576 contact the person who owns the rights and asking for permission. This can be difficult to do. +ZCMtemcI_HQ-00009-00004648-00005168 Instead, it's easier to simply use images that are available through the Creative Commons. This means +ZCMtemcI_HQ-00010-00005168-00005784 that the person who owns the rights to the image has willingly made it available for anyone to use. +ZCMtemcI_HQ-00011-00005840-00006384 Here are a few websites that you can use to easily find images that are in the Creative Commons. +ZCMtemcI_HQ-00012-00006576-00007184 Firstly, you can simply go straight to the Creative Commons +ZCMtemcI_HQ-00013-00007559-00008584 Just type a search term into this search bar and you'll get a bunch of great open access results. +ZCMtemcI_HQ-00014-00009488-00010072 Second, there's Unsplash. Unsplash is a great resource for beautiful high-res images. +ZCMtemcI_HQ-00015-00010416-00010816 You can search through the tabs at the top or simply pop a term +ZCMtemcI_HQ-00016-00010816-00011384 in the search bar and look for results that way. +ZCMtemcI_HQ-00017-00012520-00012784 Third, there's the Wikimedia Commons. This +ZCMtemcI_HQ-00018-00012784-00013136 is a great source for photos but also for a wealth of other media. +ZCMtemcI_HQ-00019-00013760-00014184 You can search by type here, which is especially useful if you want something +ZCMtemcI_HQ-00020-00014247-00015584 like a map or an illustration. +ZCMtemcI_HQ-00021-00015928-00017560 So finally, there's Google Images. This functions like any Google search, +ZCMtemcI_HQ-00022-00017560-00018384 but you can use a filter to specify that you want images only in the Creative Commons. +ZCMtemcI_HQ-00023-00019976-00020320 Once this is selected, the only things in the results will be +ZCMtemcI_HQ-00024-00020320-00020600 Creative Commons images that you can use freely. +ZCMtemcI_HQ-00025-00021016-00021416 Once you have your image, you just have to make sure it's cited correctly. +ZCMtemcI_HQ-00026-00021416-00021784 Every style guide has their own way to cite images, so just make sure to +ZCMtemcI_HQ-00027-00021784-00022232 find the correct way for the citation style you're using. You can find citation style +ZCMtemcI_HQ-00028-00022232-00022808 guides in our catalog or you can simply use our LibGuides. Thanks for watching! +ZDacIdBuXGy-00000-00000000-00000176 so why did he need a uh black director +ZDacIdBuXGy-00001-00000176-00000360 could a white director not have +ZDacIdBuXGy-00002-00000360-00000544 it's not color it's culture +ZDacIdBuXGy-00003-00000544-00000919 explain the difference because i think Steven Spielberg did Schindler's list +ZDacIdBuXGy-00004-00000919-00001320 Martin Scorsese did Goodfellas right Steven Spielberg could direct Goodfellas +ZDacIdBuXGy-00005-00001320-00001623 Martin Scorsese probably could have done a good job with chandler's list +ZDacIdBuXGy-00006-00001623-00002080 but their cultural differences i know you know we all know +ZDacIdBuXGy-00007-00002080-00002408 what it is with a hot comb hits your hair on a sunday morning +ZDacIdBuXGy-00008-00002408-00002720 what it smells like that's a cultural difference +ZDacIdBuXGy-00009-00002720-00002968 not just a color difference so it's the culture +ZEh-2siTZpE-00000-00000057-00000955 Praise be to Jesus Christ. +ZEh-2siTZpE-00001-00000955-00001827 My name is Benedicta of the Cross, I am using a pseudonym, I am a cloistered nun, I do not +ZEh-2siTZpE-00002-00001827-00002478 give my name because it is well known, and to avoid the persecution that I have been +ZEh-2siTZpE-00003-00002478-00002663 suffering for many years. +ZEh-2siTZpE-00004-00002663-00003510 I have received a message from our Lord Jesus Christ at half past one in the morning and +ZEh-2siTZpE-00005-00003510-00004262 I want to share it with everyone, it is not a dogma of faith, each one is free to believe +ZEh-2siTZpE-00006-00004262-00005078 or not, but I consider it is of great importance for the times we are living, I bless you all. +ZEh-2siTZpE-00007-00005078-00005899 Listen to the message the message, it says, Today I come to you as a soldier wounded in +ZEh-2siTZpE-00008-00005899-00006588 combat, I come to rest in your heart, I come with my heart wounded by the many sins of +ZEh-2siTZpE-00009-00006588-00007319 my people, apostle of my Holy Cross, speak and shout to the ears of my church they will +ZEh-2siTZpE-00010-00007319-00007981 listen to you but they will not pay attention to you, because their ears have become deaf +ZEh-2siTZpE-00011-00007981-00008665 to my voice and have been filled with evil, they have rebelled against their God and their +ZEh-2siTZpE-00012-00008665-00009518 Messiah, tell them, thus says the Lord: In what have I offended you, what evil have I +ZEh-2siTZpE-00013-00009518-00009782 done to you? +ZEh-2siTZpE-00014-00009782-00010606 Why do you profane my temple by burning incense to your unclean idols? but Israel will not +ZEh-2siTZpE-00015-00010606-00010790 listen to my voice. +ZEh-2siTZpE-00016-00010790-00011886 Thus says the word, the Word made flesh, listen to your God and Lord, O house of Israel. +ZEh-2siTZpE-00017-00011886-00012536 You have come in and defiled my house with your uncleanness, you have made my inheritance +ZEh-2siTZpE-00018-00012536-00013334 abominable and my priests have become wicked and despicable, they have become a land of +ZEh-2siTZpE-00019-00013334-00014112 Jackals, idolaters, sacrilegious and adulterers, they defile my house all the time and force +ZEh-2siTZpE-00020-00014112-00014869 my people to prostitute themselves with their idols, they do not recognize me as their Lord, +ZEh-2siTZpE-00021-00014869-00015435 they have altered my word and spread their errors everywhere. +ZEh-2siTZpE-00022-00015435-00016172 You have revealed yourselves against me by following false gods, the work of human hands, +ZEh-2siTZpE-00023-00016172-00016481 which are of no use. +ZEh-2siTZpE-00024-00016481-00017059 They have profaned my temple and have shaken your yoke. +ZEh-2siTZpE-00025-00017059-00017845 You have exchanged your glory for the service of darkness and have become darkness. +ZEh-2siTZpE-00026-00017845-00018666 My child, my people have abandoned me and betrayed me to go and serve false gods, they +ZEh-2siTZpE-00027-00018666-00019309 have turned away from the Fountain of Living Water, pure and medicinal water to drink in +ZEh-2siTZpE-00028-00019309-00019821 stagnant, swampy and putrid waters. +ZEh-2siTZpE-00029-00019821-00020481 My church has strayed from the path that I taught her and they walk wandering and in +ZEh-2siTZpE-00030-00020481-00020724 darkness. +ZEh-2siTZpE-00031-00020724-00021464 My church is divided among brethren and they attack with fury and look at each other as +ZEh-2siTZpE-00032-00021464-00021837 enemies in the same house. +ZEh-2siTZpE-00033-00021837-00022529 My church has prostituted itself and sells itself to the highest bidder and with its +ZEh-2siTZpE-00034-00022529-00023531 bad example and sin of scandal has perverted my people and has deviated them from the truth. +ZEh-2siTZpE-00035-00023531-00024231 My church has fornicated with her many lovers and has seated an impostor in the chair of +ZEh-2siTZpE-00036-00024231-00025012 Peter profaning the earth with her many wickednesses, they have taken my children out of my house +ZEh-2siTZpE-00037-00025012-00025504 and have led adulterers and murderers to live. +ZEh-2siTZpE-00038-00025504-00026102 They have cornered me in the last place and plan to wipe me from the face of the earth, +ZEh-2siTZpE-00039-00026102-00026910 just as a wife who betrays her husband, so have my priests and the princes of my church +ZEh-2siTZpE-00040-00026910-00027164 betrayed me. +ZEh-2siTZpE-00041-00027164-00027923 My wife has turned against me and as head they have set up a wolf in false sheep's clothing +ZEh-2siTZpE-00042-00027923-00028407 while they have me and my Vicar in prison. +ZEh-2siTZpE-00043-00028407-00029232 Look at the wound in my heart; it represents the pain that my wife the church causes me. +ZEh-2siTZpE-00044-00029232-00030029 Return apostate children, turn away from my eyes your affront, walk in justice and righteousness, +ZEh-2siTZpE-00045-00030029-00030857 tear your hearts and repent of your wickedness, lest my wrath break out suddenly like fire +ZEh-2siTZpE-00046-00030857-00031381 and burn inextinguishable because of your crimes. +ZEh-2siTZpE-00047-00031381-00031887 My people, my power is great and I see everything. +ZEh-2siTZpE-00048-00031887-00032563 I see your deeds and I weigh them, they are all written down in your book, you are free +ZEh-2siTZpE-00049-00032563-00033218 to choose life or eternal death, I know the works of men. +ZEh-2siTZpE-00050-00033218-00033501 Your hands are full of crimes. +ZEh-2siTZpE-00051-00033501-00034195 On you and your families falls innocent blood that cries out to my Justice. +ZEh-2siTZpE-00052-00034195-00035055 Sin gives death and I am eternal life, I swear to you by my thrice holy name that I will +ZEh-2siTZpE-00053-00035055-00035506 not leave your wickedness unpunished. +ZEh-2siTZpE-00054-00035506-00036219 My people you do not want to listen to my voice, you reject my commands and murder my +ZEh-2siTZpE-00055-00036219-00036915 prophets, you are responsible for your ruin and my mother suffers for your rebellion. +ZEh-2siTZpE-00056-00036915-00037875 Unfaithful people, to you I address myself, inhabitants of the earth; I will bring misfortune +ZEh-2siTZpE-00057-00037875-00038648 from the North, a great ruin, a catastrophe is coming upon you, the murderer of Nations +ZEh-2siTZpE-00058-00038648-00038926 is on the march. +ZEh-2siTZpE-00059-00038926-00039598 He will devour the earth with its inhabitants, he will burn your cities, he will rape your +ZEh-2siTZpE-00060-00039598-00040252 wives, he will slaughter your children, he will plunder your houses, and those who are +ZEh-2siTZpE-00061-00040252-00040751 left alive will not be able to buy or sell. +ZEh-2siTZpE-00062-00040751-00041475 Your temples will be profaned and a great desolation will come upon my sanctuary, they +ZEh-2siTZpE-00063-00041475-00042196 will seek me and will not find me, they will call me and I will not answer because you +ZEh-2siTZpE-00064-00042196-00042881 have chosen your own King and have dared to usurp the chair of Peter, that is why I will +ZEh-2siTZpE-00065-00042881-00043356 deliver them to plunder and to the sword. +ZEh-2siTZpE-00066-00043356-00044180 The angel of death advances at a swift pace and the Exterminator is at the door. +ZEh-2siTZpE-00067-00044180-00044783 You foolish people, a great ruin and desolation is coming upon you. +ZEh-2siTZpE-00068-00044783-00045643 I myself will scourge my church and purify it as gold is purified in the crucible, it +ZEh-2siTZpE-00069-00045643-00046312 will be refined like silver because your crimes overflow from the cup, your sin knocks at +ZEh-2siTZpE-00070-00046312-00047116 the gates of heaven and the incense that you burn to your idols in my presence is abominable +ZEh-2siTZpE-00071-00047116-00047344 to me, I do not tolerate it. +ZEh-2siTZpE-00072-00047344-00048030 Days of great darkness await you where weeping will be your food. +ZEh-2siTZpE-00073-00048030-00048733 The executing Angel is at the door and waits for the appointed time to be fulfilled. +ZEh-2siTZpE-00074-00048733-00049528 Woe to you inhabitants of the earth if you do not turn away from your sin, your laughter +ZEh-2siTZpE-00075-00049528-00050077 will turn to weeping and your feasts to mourning. +ZEh-2siTZpE-00076-00050077-00050522 You will mourn as one mourns the death of the only son. +ZEh-2siTZpE-00077-00050522-00051383 Woe to you Jerusalem, wash your robes of your crimes, you foolish fools for great ruin is +ZEh-2siTZpE-00078-00051383-00052153 coming upon you, you have not wanted to turn to your God, your only Lord. +ZEh-2siTZpE-00079-00052153-00052502 Prepare for the Exodus. +ZEh-2siTZpE-00080-00052502-00053200 For having rebelled against me I will bring upon you the fire of my wrath. +ZEh-2siTZpE-00081-00053200-00053638 You will reap the fruit of your wantonness and perversity. +ZEh-2siTZpE-00082-00053638-00054494 Woe to my people, the righteous, the little remnant faithful to my gospel, if I do not +ZEh-2siTZpE-00083-00054494-00055229 shorten these days no one will be saved and they will fall into apostasy. +ZEh-2siTZpE-00084-00055229-00055998 My priests have gone astray, their many vices and sins blind your minds and hearts, few +ZEh-2siTZpE-00085-00055998-00056483 are those who persevere in faithfulness. +ZEh-2siTZpE-00086-00056483-00057290 The Princes of my church have become foolish, pride is your sundress and your mitre is pride, +ZEh-2siTZpE-00087-00057290-00057926 they have become deaf to my voice and in their mouths is deceit. +ZEh-2siTZpE-00088-00057926-00058587 Their heart does not recognize me as God, they are rebellious children, fools who do +ZEh-2siTZpE-00089-00058587-00059477 not reflect, they have become wise to do evil but ignorant and clumsy to do good. +ZEh-2siTZpE-00090-00059477-00060208 Truly I tell you, the earth with its inhabitants will look like a great cemetery, the innocence +ZEh-2siTZpE-00091-00060208-00060858 of the little ones has been corrupted because of the sin of the great ones, and the flower +ZEh-2siTZpE-00092-00060858-00061291 of the maidens is hardly distinguishable. +ZEh-2siTZpE-00093-00061291-00062201 Verily I say unto you, the earth and its inhabitants shall suffer great desolation, the great persecution +ZEh-2siTZpE-00094-00062201-00062423 shall come upon my feet. +ZEh-2siTZpE-00095-00062423-00063213 Woe to those days, woe to those women who are about to give birth, who shall comfort +ZEh-2siTZpE-00096-00063213-00063387 you? +ZEh-2siTZpE-00097-00063387-00064110 The sky will be darkened, the stars will be extinguished, I said it and I do not regret +ZEh-2siTZpE-00098-00064110-00064807 it, I gave them a law that begets life and they pretend to change it for a law of ruin +ZEh-2siTZpE-00099-00064807-00065051 and death. +ZEh-2siTZpE-00100-00065051-00065731 I have given them liberty to do good and they do not cease to do evil. +ZEh-2siTZpE-00101-00065731-00066533 I commanded them to abstain from all idolatry and gave them wise and prudent counsel, but +ZEh-2siTZpE-00102-00066533-00066747 they have rejected my doctrine. +ZEh-2siTZpE-00103-00066747-00067631 I made an everlasting covenant with you, giving you my commands to live in harmony, but you +ZEh-2siTZpE-00104-00067631-00067862 have refused to obey. +ZEh-2siTZpE-00105-00067862-00068799 Now I turn my back on you and deliver you into the hands of your own executioners. +ZEh-2siTZpE-00106-00068799-00069079 You will reap what you have sown. +ZEh-2siTZpE-00107-00069079-00069827 Thistles and thorns will be your food, the worst of the plagues will be communism, it +ZEh-2siTZpE-00108-00069827-00070500 will devastate most of the earth, the Marian sanctuaries will be preserved from the great +ZEh-2siTZpE-00109-00070500-00071277 scourge and will serve as spiritual refuges for the faithful church that keeps my mandates +ZEh-2siTZpE-00110-00071277-00071608 and the deposit of faith. +ZEh-2siTZpE-00111-00071608-00072279 This small remnant will be the victor and from there my Church will rise again, it will +ZEh-2siTZpE-00112-00072279-00072964 be smaller but holier and will be clothed in regal purple, while the wicked will end +ZEh-2siTZpE-00113-00072964-00073165 in eternal ruin. +ZEh-2siTZpE-00114-00073165-00074042 To the Princes of the church who speak with pride and raise up attestations against heaven, +ZEh-2siTZpE-00115-00074042-00074761 who use your influence to confuse and mislead my people, I assure you that they will end +ZEh-2siTZpE-00116-00074761-00075438 in eternal ruin, they will not see the light again because they have deprived my people +ZEh-2siTZpE-00117-00075438-00076107 of the light and the spiritual nourishment that gives life, they will be the laughing +ZEh-2siTZpE-00118-00076107-00076656 stock of the demons and they will be slaves forever. +ZEh-2siTZpE-00119-00076656-00076976 My people, in what have I failed you? +ZEh-2siTZpE-00120-00076976-00077803 Your sin crucifies me all the time and your disobedience are lashes that I receive without +ZEh-2siTZpE-00121-00077803-00077903 mercy. +ZEh-2siTZpE-00122-00077903-00078698 Truly I tell you, my wrath and my anger will be poured out upon the earth because I am +ZEh-2siTZpE-00123-00078698-00079037 a God of Justice. +ZEh-2siTZpE-00124-00079037-00079633 Those who have rejected my mercy will be treated without mercy. +ZEh-2siTZpE-00125-00079633-00080421 The earth will be in chaos and will burn without ceasing, it will be a flood not of water but +ZEh-2siTZpE-00126-00080421-00081152 of devouring fire and even nature itself will turn against you. +ZEh-2siTZpE-00127-00081152-00081952 Turn back rebellious children, stop doing evil and learn to do good, repent and live, +ZEh-2siTZpE-00128-00081952-00082311 for time is running out. +ZEh-2siTZpE-00129-00082311-00083049 What does it profit a man to accumulate riches and goods that perish, if in the end he loses +ZEh-2siTZpE-00130-00083049-00083283 his soul? +ZEh-2siTZpE-00131-00083283-00084076 The pride of man, ends in the cemetery and no one takes anything with him. +ZEh-2siTZpE-00132-00084076-00084762 The soul comes before me with the works of his hands, and many come empty-handed, though +ZEh-2siTZpE-00133-00084762-00085470 they have given names to countries, yet when they die they take nothing with them. +ZEh-2siTZpE-00134-00085470-00086242 Be of good courage, O house of Israel, lest my wrath be suddenly kindled against you, +ZEh-2siTZpE-00135-00086242-00086633 and I destroy you without remedy. +ZEh-2siTZpE-00136-00086633-00086983 You choose heaven or hell. +ZEh-2siTZpE-00137-00086983-00087464 What are 100 years compared to eternity? +ZEh-2siTZpE-00138-00087464-00087989 Apply yourselves to good, you stiff-necked people. +ZEh-2siTZpE-00139-00087989-00088352 Woe to those who do not listen to my voice. +ZEh-2siTZpE-00140-00088352-00089101 Woe to those foolish ones who do not carry out my commands, the law that I left them +ZEh-2siTZpE-00141-00089101-00089460 as a pledge of my love. +ZEh-2siTZpE-00142-00089460-00090060 Woe to those who dare against heaven and defy their God. +ZEh-2siTZpE-00143-00090060-00090565 It would be better for them if they had never been born. +ZEh-2siTZpE-00144-00090565-00091231 My people, have you become blind and deaf, and think that I will not call you to account +ZEh-2siTZpE-00145-00091231-00091533 for your stewardship? +ZEh-2siTZpE-00146-00091533-00092204 Woe to those who attack my blessed mother, reject the grace that has been sent for your +ZEh-2siTZpE-00147-00092204-00092398 health. +ZEh-2siTZpE-00148-00092398-00093122 Woe to those who deny and curse my cross, do they not realize that it is me whom they +ZEh-2siTZpE-00149-00093122-00093222 reject? +ZEh-2siTZpE-00150-00093222-00093929 I assure you that they will descend into the abyss and will never see the light, I, the +ZEh-2siTZpE-00151-00093929-00094658 Lord your God, affirm to you, the cross is salvation for the soul, some will rise to +ZEh-2siTZpE-00152-00094658-00095215 eternal life, and others to eternal damnation. +ZEh-2siTZpE-00153-00095215-00095492 You fools, you foolish. +ZEh-2siTZpE-00154-00095492-00095962 Before you is life and death. +ZEh-2siTZpE-00155-00095962-00096357 Whatever you choose, that will be given to you. +ZEh-2siTZpE-00156-00096357-00096739 I bless you all. +ZFSOuL8BbyM-00000-00000416-00000800 We wish you a merry Christmas +ZFSOuL8BbyM-00001-00000800-00001016 We wish you a merry Christmas +ZFSOuL8BbyM-00002-00001016-00001316 We wish you a merry Christmas +ZFSOuL8BbyM-00003-00001316-00001614 and a happy new year +ZFSOuL8BbyM-00004-00001614-00002100 Good tidings we bring to you and your kin +ZFSOuL8BbyM-00005-00002100-00002400 We wish you a merry Christmas +ZFSOuL8BbyM-00006-00002400-00002600 and a happy new year +ZFSOuL8BbyM-00007-00002600-00002905 Oh, bring us some figgy pudding +ZFSOuL8BbyM-00008-00002905-00003105 Oh, bring us some figgy pudding +ZFSOuL8BbyM-00009-00003105-00003400 Oh, bring us some figgy pudding +ZFSOuL8BbyM-00010-00003400-00003693 And bring it right here +ZFSOuL8BbyM-00011-00003693-00004183 Good tidings we bring to you and your kin +ZFSOuL8BbyM-00012-00004183-00004383 We wish you a merry Christmas +ZFSOuL8BbyM-00013-00004383-00004683 and a happy new year +ZFSOuL8BbyM-00014-00004683-00004984 We won't go until we get some +ZFSOuL8BbyM-00015-00004984-00005184 We won't go until we get some +ZFSOuL8BbyM-00016-00005184-00005384 We won't go until we get some +ZFSOuL8BbyM-00017-00005384-00005783 So bring it right here +ZFSOuL8BbyM-00018-00005783-00006302 Good tidings we bring to you and your kin +ZFSOuL8BbyM-00019-00006302-00006502 We wish you a merry Christmas +ZFSOuL8BbyM-00020-00006502-00006800 and a happy new year +ZFSOuL8BbyM-00021-00006800-00007016 We all like our figgy pudding +ZFSOuL8BbyM-00022-00007016-00007316 We all like our figgy pudding +ZFSOuL8BbyM-00023-00007316-00007516 We all like our figgy pudding +ZFSOuL8BbyM-00024-00007516-00007816 With all its good cheers +ZFSOuL8BbyM-00025-00007816-00008358 Good tidings we bring to you and your kin +ZFSOuL8BbyM-00026-00008358-00008566 We wish you a merry Christmas +ZFSOuL8BbyM-00027-00008566-00008866 and a happy new year +ZFSOuL8BbyM-00028-00008866-00009166 We wish you a merry Christmas +ZFSOuL8BbyM-00029-00009166-00009366 We wish you a merry Christmas +ZFSOuL8BbyM-00030-00009366-00009566 We wish you a merry Christmas +ZFSOuL8BbyM-00031-00009566-00009766 and a happy new year +ZGuqTj9hUQ4-00000-00000917-00001017 [Music] [Music] +ZGuqTj9hUQ4-00001-00001017-00001180 [Music] It’s day 31 of the Tightwad Dad Vlog. +ZGuqTj9hUQ4-00002-00001180-00001430 Hello I'm Neil Day 31! +ZGuqTj9hUQ4-00003-00001430-00001913 I said that I'd do it for a month but I didn't say which month +ZGuqTj9hUQ4-00004-00001913-00002194 and I didn't say was it a calendar month? +ZGuqTj9hUQ4-00005-00002194-00003042 I guess I’ll just keep going until I can't stands it no longer +ZGuqTj9hUQ4-00006-00003042-00003661 [Music] [Music] +ZGuqTj9hUQ4-00007-00003661-00004118 So this is the joy of the daily vlog We’ve not spent anything today +ZGuqTj9hUQ4-00008-00004118-00005042 So this video is gonna end quite quickly What I can do - here now is everything else +ZGuqTj9hUQ4-00009-00005042-00005789 where we found joy [Music] +ZGuqTj9hUQ4-00010-00005789-00007090 [Music] [Music] +ZGuqTj9hUQ4-00011-00007090-00007422 Eating homemade popcorn Joy 11 +ZGuqTj9hUQ4-00012-00007422-00007560 No! +ZGuqTj9hUQ4-00013-00007560-00007700 13! +ZGuqTj9hUQ4-00014-00007700-00007979 It’s delicious! +ZGuqTj9hUQ4-00015-00007979-00008257 [Music] [Music] +ZGuqTj9hUQ4-00016-00008257-00009245 [Music] Just visited granddad's and he’s given us +ZGuqTj9hUQ4-00017-00009245-00009447 some chickens! +ZGuqTj9hUQ4-00018-00009447-00010128 So it's eight o'clock and we- we did spend something +ZGuqTj9hUQ4-00019-00010128-00010657 We spent on some duck food at our local Heath pond +ZGuqTj9hUQ4-00020-00010657-00010896 I'm sure - I'm sure like - 50p +ZGuqTj9hUQ4-00021-00010896-00010996 Was it 50p? +ZGuqTj9hUQ4-00022-00010996-00011252 I thought it was a pound okay 50p. +ZGuqTj9hUQ4-00023-00011252-00011782 I'm sure my family had such a great time that they took a fantastic picture for us to enjoy +ZGuqTj9hUQ4-00024-00011782-00012312 right now Probably didn’t. +ZGuqTj9hUQ4-00025-00012312-00012736 So this is it I think this is the day where I have to decide whether or not I keep going +ZGuqTj9hUQ4-00026-00012736-00012958 with this. +ZGuqTj9hUQ4-00027-00012958-00013353 I think I will keep going The problem when we don't spend anything is +ZGuqTj9hUQ4-00028-00013353-00013908 that there's nothing in the videos So either have a good video and a bad spending +ZGuqTj9hUQ4-00029-00013908-00014637 day Or, good wise spending and rubbish nothing +ZGuqTj9hUQ4-00030-00014637-00015001 videos Even if like this video there's no middle +ZGuqTj9hUQ4-00031-00015001-00015575 and there's no end or there is an ending to this video because you might have seen on +ZGuqTj9hUQ4-00032-00015575-00016040 oh I can’t remember which one it was I think on day 7 I might have shown some footage +ZGuqTj9hUQ4-00033-00016040-00016990 of our secret chocolate hiding stash place And the the kids saw it so sadly our chocolate +ZGuqTj9hUQ4-00034-00016990-00017399 hiding place has now passed on It was good +ZGuqTj9hUQ4-00035-00017399-00017776 We had some fun times together us and the chocolate hiding place +ZGuqTj9hUQ4-00036-00017776-00018093 It’s quite literally gone to a better place. +ZGuqTj9hUQ4-00037-00018093-00018665 we thank our hiding place for its service and we wish it well and you'll always be here +ZGuqTj9hUQ4-00038-00018665-00018948 in our hearts If you've reached this point in the video +ZGuqTj9hUQ4-00039-00018948-00019328 I don't think anyone's reached this point in the video - but if you have why not smash +ZGuqTj9hUQ4-00040-00019328-00019869 that thumbs up button We'll see you for day 32 +ZGuqTj9hUQ4-00041-00019869-00020884 Really appreciate you being there man Can you please help my daddy get 1000 subscribers +ZGuqTj9hUQ4-00042-00020884-00021531 just click on his face Thanks, bye! +ZGuqTj9hUQ4-00043-00021531-00021715 How's that? +ZJ2jYdlctwo-00000-00001100-00001800 Bhojpuri sizzler Monalisa's Jhuma Boudi selfie is unmissable +ZJ2jYdlctwo-00001-00001900-00003900 Bhojpuri sizzler Monalisa's Jhuma Boudi selfie is unmissable- See pic Bhojpuri film industry's one of the most talked about actresses, Antara Biswas aka Monalisa enjoys a huge and strong fanbase on social media. +ZJ2jYdlctwo-00002-00004000-00004700 She is an avid user of the medium and often shares her pictures and videos. +ZJ2jYdlctwo-00003-00004800-00005600 Recently, the actress took to the photo-sharing app to share a sensuous picture as Jhuma Boudi. +ZJ2jYdlctwo-00004-00005700-00007100 Bhojpuri film industry's one of the most talked about actresses, Antara Biswas aka Monalisa enjoys a huge and strong fanbase on social media. +ZJ2jYdlctwo-00005-00007200-00007900 She is an avid user of the medium and often shares her pictures and videos. +ZJ2jYdlctwo-00006-00008000-00008800 Recently, the actress took to the photo-sharing app to share a sensuous picture as Jhuma Boudi. +ZJ2jYdlctwo-00007-00008900-00010200 The girl-next-door Monalisa was one of the favourite 'Bigg Boss 10' contestants and her friendship with Manu Sharma and Manveer Gurjar remained the highlight of the season. +ZJ2jYdlctwo-00008-00010300-00012800 Monalisa had a dreamy wedding inside the reality show where the makers called her then-boyfriend Vikrant Singh Rajpoot, who by the way is also a Bhojpuri actor.Mona, as fans fondly call her, had a proper wedding ceremony inside the 'Bigg Boss 10' house where family members were also called in. +ZJ2jYdlctwo-00009-00012900-00013600 She is currently seen as Jhuma Boudi in 'Dupur Thakurpo' season 2. +ZJ2jYdlctwo-00010-00013700-00014600 The sizzling beauty plays Boudi's character in the popular Bengali web-series which is streamed on Hoichoi. +ZJ2jYdlctwo-00011-00014700-00016300 Mona has featured in over 125 Bhojpuri films and acted in several language movies such as Hindi, Kannada, Telugu, Tamil, Oriya and Bengali as well. +ZJ2jYdlctwo-00012-00016400-00017200 She is a big name in the Bhojpuri film industry and is famous for her terrific dance moves. +ZMgpLm7K5So-00000-00000443-00001126 Am I the only one who feels like congress is the awkward third wheel for these railroad +ZMgpLm7K5So-00001-00001126-00001226 debates? +ZMgpLm7K5So-00002-00001226-00001574 Oh, employees want better contracts from private employers? +ZMgpLm7K5So-00003-00001574-00002050 Sounds like a perfect job for… not congress. +ZMgpLm7K5So-00004-00002050-00002783 I guess what I’m trying to figure out today is, how did a labor dispute turn into a situation +ZMgpLm7K5So-00005-00002783-00003422 where the house and senate are debating how many sick days to give Thomas the Tank Engine? +ZMgpLm7K5So-00006-00003422-00004355 I don’t say this often, but this feels like a problem below congress’s pay grade. +ZMgpLm7K5So-00007-00004355-00004725 So, what’s going on? +ZMgpLm7K5So-00008-00004725-00005289 This story begins way back in 1926 when congress passed the Railway Labor Act. +ZMgpLm7K5So-00009-00005289-00005489 It’s the roaring 20s. +ZMgpLm7K5So-00010-00005489-00006064 Mousilini’s got those trains on time in Italy, let’s take a stab on that out here. +ZMgpLm7K5So-00011-00006064-00006202 The plan was simple. +ZMgpLm7K5So-00012-00006202-00006747 Can’t have a train strike killing our high, let’s set up a process for avoiding those +ZMgpLm7K5So-00013-00006747-00006898 strikes. +ZMgpLm7K5So-00014-00006898-00007440 This process is justified by congress’s ability to regulate interstate commerce, and +ZMgpLm7K5So-00015-00007440-00007854 has been successfully defended in front of the supreme court. +ZMgpLm7K5So-00016-00007854-00008438 They ruled that congress has the authority to intervene in railway labor disputes that +ZMgpLm7K5So-00017-00008438-00008882 threaten trade across state lines. +ZMgpLm7K5So-00018-00008882-00009393 The ability to grind the nation to a halt was determined to be too much unchecked negotiating +ZMgpLm7K5So-00019-00009393-00009825 power to give a group unchecked. +ZMgpLm7K5So-00020-00009825-00010349 Because of this a special railroad negotiation program was set up. +ZMgpLm7K5So-00021-00010349-00011077 First, workers and barons, set aside your differences and figure out your own contracts. +ZMgpLm7K5So-00022-00011077-00012000 Second, well, that didn’t work, Congress is going to set up some mediated talks to +ZMgpLm7K5So-00023-00012000-00012375 Dr. Phil you guys into finding an agreement. +ZMgpLm7K5So-00024-00012375-00012774 Third, well, that didn’t work either. +ZMgpLm7K5So-00025-00012774-00013440 Congress can either add more time for your discussions, take a long step back and let +ZMgpLm7K5So-00026-00013440-00014179 things play their course, probably involving a strike, or… just sorta dictate a new contract +ZMgpLm7K5So-00027-00014179-00014480 because neither side can come to an agreement. +ZMgpLm7K5So-00028-00014480-00014722 We’ve got the guns. +ZMgpLm7K5So-00029-00014722-00015234 If you strike against the contract congress worked so hard to negotiate amongst themselves… +ZMgpLm7K5So-00030-00015234-00015503 well, that’s a crime. +ZMgpLm7K5So-00031-00015503-00015980 At this point I’m not sure if those Union Dues would be better spent as Joe Manchin +ZMgpLm7K5So-00032-00015980-00016315 campaign contributions. +ZMgpLm7K5So-00033-00016315-00017061 Using a campaign finance tracking website I can certainly tell you their employers were +ZMgpLm7K5So-00034-00017061-00017673 all about making large donations to support the many PACs of both parties. +ZMgpLm7K5So-00035-00017673-00018365 Ahh, now I understand why they were able to come to such a fast agreement. +ZMgpLm7K5So-00036-00018365-00018639 Bipartisanship is alive and well. +ZMgpLm7K5So-00037-00018639-00019459 In today’s story congress tried A and B. Now we’re just sort of legislating the terms +ZMgpLm7K5So-00038-00019459-00019939 of an agreement between railway workers and private railroad companies. +ZMgpLm7K5So-00039-00019939-00020337 Today, the House of Representatives is the highest HR in the land. +ZMgpLm7K5So-00040-00020337-00020437 Takes years to agree on almost anything, but stick a good ol’ fashioned labor dispute +ZMgpLm7K5So-00041-00020437-00020881 in front of this group and suddenly all the bureaucrats are shaking hands on the nuances +ZMgpLm7K5So-00042-00020881-00020981 of these private contracts in no time flat. +ZMgpLm7K5So-00043-00020981-00021295 How many sick days should we give them? +ZMgpLm7K5So-00044-00021295-00021556 What type of raises should they be getting? +ZMgpLm7K5So-00045-00021556-00021690 Is this communism? +ZMgpLm7K5So-00046-00021690-00022412 Yeah, we’re kinda glossed over that last one in the mainstream coverage over this issue. +ZMgpLm7K5So-00047-00022412-00022893 This isn’t the first time congress has dipped their toe into the world of railroad contract +ZMgpLm7K5So-00048-00022893-00023068 negotiations. +ZMgpLm7K5So-00049-00023068-00024495 In fact, it’s happened 18 times spanning from 1963 to today. +ZMgpLm7K5So-00050-00024495-00025037 The majority of those 18 congressional interventions were to say, hey workers, don’t strike. +ZMgpLm7K5So-00051-00025037-00025304 Let’s talk it out in arbitration. +ZMgpLm7K5So-00052-00025304-00025481 Came to an agreement? +ZMgpLm7K5So-00053-00025481-00025584 Cool. +ZMgpLm7K5So-00054-00025584-00026256 Still, there have been a few previous occurrences where that talking it out session took a turn +ZMgpLm7K5So-00055-00026256-00026974 for the Jerry Springer, leading congress to walk out and give everyone an offer they couldn’t +ZMgpLm7K5So-00056-00026974-00027074 refuse. +ZMgpLm7K5So-00057-00027074-00027516 Gotta prevent strikes and protect those interstate supply chains. +ZMgpLm7K5So-00058-00027516-00028350 With today’s political and economic environment, there wasn’t much appetite for the “sit +ZMgpLm7K5So-00059-00028350-00028695 back and see what happens” approach. +ZMgpLm7K5So-00060-00028695-00029138 Talks had been going on for months and no progress was happening. +ZMgpLm7K5So-00061-00029138-00029916 “Strike” and “congressional action” were emerging as the two possible solutions. +ZMgpLm7K5So-00062-00029916-00030738 Because striking was out of the question, the debate was over which employee contracts +ZMgpLm7K5So-00063-00030738-00031431 congress should impose in these private companies and their employees. +ZMgpLm7K5So-00064-00031431-00031883 Congressman were looking at two separate employment contracts that they had negotiated between +ZMgpLm7K5So-00065-00031883-00032472 themselves in lieu of a negotiation between unions and employers. +ZMgpLm7K5So-00066-00032472-00032904 The controversy came down to paid sick days. +ZMgpLm7K5So-00067-00032904-00033478 In the end, Biden burned a few bridges by urging democrats to vote for the compromise +ZMgpLm7K5So-00068-00033478-00034085 bill that didn’t include sick paid leave and required taking unpaid time off for medical +ZMgpLm7K5So-00069-00034085-00034307 employment… +ZMgpLm7K5So-00070-00034307-00034578 during a pandemic. +ZMgpLm7K5So-00071-00034578-00035036 Don’t bite the hand that feeds you. +ZMgpLm7K5So-00072-00035036-00035528 This was deemed the only bill that could pass in the senate, and it did with bipartisan +ZMgpLm7K5So-00073-00035528-00035641 support. +ZMgpLm7K5So-00074-00035641-00036738 This contract did include other benefits for workers including a previously agreed to 24% +ZMgpLm7K5So-00075-00036738-00036946 raise and bonus pay. +ZMgpLm7K5So-00076-00036946-00038072 To summarize this episode in a sentence, the House and Senate voted to impose, and boy +ZMgpLm7K5So-00077-00038072-00038603 is it an imposition, a labor agreement between freight rail companies and their workers who +ZMgpLm7K5So-00078-00038603-00039163 have been locked in a stalemate, moving quickly to avoid a holiday season rail strike that +ZMgpLm7K5So-00079-00039163-00039515 would jeopardize shipping across the country. +ZMgpLm7K5So-00080-00039515-00040023 I guess we really dodged a bullet train there. +ZMgpLm7K5So-00081-00040023-00040733 At the same time, the fact that congress has the power to not only impose a deal between +ZMgpLm7K5So-00082-00040733-00041628 employees and private companies, but furthermore ban striking as a response is eye opening +ZMgpLm7K5So-00083-00041628-00042363 and not getting very much attention. +ZMgpLm7K5So-00084-00042363-00042628 Thank you and that’s all I have to say about that. +ZMgpLm7K5So-00085-00042628-00042771 YouTube: Hello YouTube. +ZMgpLm7K5So-00086-00042771-00043141 I’d like to thank my Patrons for helping me put out my videos. +ZMgpLm7K5So-00087-00043141-00043602 If you want to support independent nonpartisan news looking into the overlooked, join this +ZMgpLm7K5So-00088-00043602-00044000 growing list of exceptional individuals by clicking the link in the description. +ZMgpLm7K5So-00089-00044000-00044518 Also, remember to subscribe and ring that bell so that freedom will continue to ring. +ZMgpLm7K5So-00090-00044518-00044850 Give me a thumbs up if you like what you saw. +ZMgpLm7K5So-00091-00044850-00045008 Lastly, as always, thank you for watching. +ZpMGWyo60qU-00000-00000000-00000146 suzuki access 125 review tamil +ZSlGUsvN-qu-00000-00000000-00000200 Hey I'm talking to you. +ZSlGUsvN-qu-00001-00000252-00000562 Do you really know you edit video with adobe photoshop? +ZSlGUsvN-qu-00002-00000607-00000679 Let me show you. +ZSlGUsvN-qu-00003-00000679-00000960 I am Orlando from 360 Studios Academy +ZSlGUsvN-qu-00004-00001000-00001567 If you are new here subscribe to the channel give a toms up and lets see what you think in the comment section. +ZSlGUsvN-qu-00005-00001567-00001795 Without any further i do let get started. +ZT3To6CFszy-00000-00000012-00000413 What Comes After Trump – World War III? +ZT3To6CFszy-00001-00000413-00000861 Those who are familiar with my articles would be aware that I am not given to catastrophism +ZT3To6CFszy-00002-00000861-00001005 or alarmism. +ZT3To6CFszy-00003-00001005-00001479 But perhaps the time has come to reflect on who will be president after Trump (whether +ZT3To6CFszy-00004-00001479-00001960 after this or the next term) and what this will mean for relations with Russia and China. +ZT3To6CFszy-00005-00001960-00002435 What will the United States’ relations with Russia and China be like when the 46th president +ZT3To6CFszy-00006-00002435-00002775 of the United States takes office in 2025? +ZT3To6CFszy-00007-00002775-00003222 This is a question that I often ask myself, especially in light of Trump’s political +ZT3To6CFszy-00008-00003222-00003880 choices regarding international arms-control treaties (INF Treaty), nuclear proliferation, +ZT3To6CFszy-00009-00003880-00004416 economic war with China, a financial crisis that is artificially postponed thanks to QE, +ZT3To6CFszy-00010-00004416-00004885 out-of-control military spending, an increasingly aggressive NATOstance towards the Russian +ZT3To6CFszy-00011-00004885-00005404 Federation, and continuous provocations against the People’s Republic of China. +ZT3To6CFszy-00012-00005404-00005771 Where will we end up with after another five years of provocations? +ZT3To6CFszy-00013-00005771-00006215 For how much longer will Putin and Xi Jinping maintain the “strategic patience” not +ZT3To6CFszy-00014-00006215-00006518 to respond to Washington with drastic measures? +ZT3To6CFszy-00015-00006518-00006993 Let us imagine we are in 2025 The four current global hot spots – Iran, +ZT3To6CFszy-00016-00006993-00007598 Syria, Venezuela and DPRK – have maintained their resistance to Washington’s diktats +ZT3To6CFszy-00017-00007598-00007862 and have emerged more or less victorious. +ZT3To6CFszy-00018-00007862-00008385 Syrian territory in its entirety is now under the control of Damascus; Iran has established +ZT3To6CFszy-00019-00008385-00008944 enough deterrents not to be attacked; Pyongyang continues in its negotiations with Washington +ZT3To6CFszy-00020-00008944-00009468 as the reunification of the two Koreas continues along; the Bolivarian revolution still lives +ZT3To6CFszy-00021-00009468-00009635 on in Venezuela. +ZT3To6CFszy-00022-00009635-00010118 Putin is preparing to leave the Russian Federation as president after 25 years. +ZT3To6CFszy-00023-00010118-00010531 Xi Jinping could see his mandate expire in a few more years. +ZT3To6CFszy-00024-00010531-00010992 Washington is about to appoint a new president, who in all probability will be the opposite +ZT3To6CFszy-00025-00010992-00011549 of Trump, in the same way Obama was the opposite of Bush and Trump a reaction to Obama. +ZT3To6CFszy-00026-00011549-00012053 So let us imagine someone emerging in the Democratic Party completely committed to advancing +ZT3To6CFszy-00027-00012053-00012638 the view of the US deep state and the military-industrial complex – someone like Hillary Clinton, +ZT3To6CFszy-00028-00012638-00013218 Madeleine Albright or any of the 2019 Democratic candidates for the 2020 elections (the ones +ZT3To6CFszy-00029-00013218-00013490 with anything to commend them do not count). +ZT3To6CFszy-00030-00013490-00013988 Such a person would be committed to reinvigorating the idea of American exceptionalism following +ZT3To6CFszy-00031-00013988-00014526 eight years of a Trump presidency that has mostly focused (the neocons notwithstanding) +ZT3To6CFszy-00032-00014526-00014884 on domestic issues and the policy of “America First”. +ZT3To6CFszy-00033-00014884-00015348 Now let us think about what has been, and will be, dismantled internationally by Trump +ZT3To6CFszy-00034-00015348-00015951 during his presidency, namely: the suspension of the INF Treaty and an indication not to +ZT3To6CFszy-00035-00015951-00016475 extend the New START treaty (on nuclear-arms reduction), deployment of troops on the Russian +ZT3To6CFszy-00036-00016475-00016972 border in Europe, sanctions, tariffs and economic terrorism of all kinds. +ZT3To6CFszy-00037-00016972-00017421 Ask yourself how likely it is that the next US president will want and be able to improve +ZT3To6CFszy-00038-00017421-00017912 relations with Russia and China as well as accept a multipolar world order? +ZT3To6CFszy-00039-00017912-00018382 The answer to that is zero, with the Trump presidency only serving to remind us how every +ZT3To6CFszy-00040-00018382-00018992 administration remains under the control of the military, industrial, spy and media apparatus, +ZT3To6CFszy-00041-00018992-00019267 expressed in liberal and neocon ideologies. +ZT3To6CFszy-00042-00019267-00019831 Trump has increased military spending considerably, singing the praises of the military-industrial +ZT3To6CFszy-00043-00019831-00020262 complex and promising to modernize the country’s nuclear arsenal. +ZT3To6CFszy-00044-00020262-00020723 Such a modernization would take two decades to be completed, a detail always omitted by +ZT3To6CFszy-00045-00020723-00020843 the media. +ZT3To6CFszy-00046-00020843-00021109 For Trump it is a case of “America First”. +ZT3To6CFszy-00047-00021109-00021556 For the deep state the project is long term and ought to be far more alarming for the +ZT3To6CFszy-00048-00021556-00021697 global community. +ZT3To6CFszy-00049-00021697-00022211 Russia, China and the US all appear committed to further militarization, with Russia and +ZT3To6CFszy-00050-00022211-00022787 China strongly focussing on defending their strategic interests in the face of US aggression. +ZT3To6CFszy-00051-00022787-00023270 Beijing will focus on building a large number of aircraft carriers to defend her maritime +ZT3To6CFszy-00052-00023270-00023809 borders, while Moscow seeks to seal her skies against missiles and stealthy aircraft (a +ZT3To6CFszy-00053-00023809-00024405 land campaign against Russia, as history teaches us, has little chance of success). +ZT3To6CFszy-00054-00024405-00024887 Experts predict that any great-power conflict in the near future may consist exclusively +ZT3To6CFszy-00055-00024887-00025476 of conventional and/or nuclear missiles, combined with robotic technology, drones, artificial +ZT3To6CFszy-00056-00025476-00026050 intelligence, cyber warfare, A2/AD, hypersonic weapons and sabotage. +ZT3To6CFszy-00057-00026050-00026523 In addition to nuclear weapons, the platforms from which they are launched, missiles and +ZT3To6CFszy-00058-00026523-00027018 interceptors, a country’s computational power will be decisive, with quantum computers +ZT3To6CFszy-00059-00027018-00027241 already a reality in China. +ZT3To6CFszy-00060-00027241-00027758 The US, China and Russia will no longer have any restrictions on the production of nuclear +ZT3To6CFszy-00061-00027758-00028295 weapons after (absent any new negotiations or agreements to extend it) the New START +ZT3To6CFszy-00062-00028295-00028572 treaty expires in 2025. +ZT3To6CFszy-00063-00028572-00029102 The situation regarding cyberspace and near-earth space is certainly alarming, with no explicit +ZT3To6CFszy-00064-00029102-00029419 treaties between the great powers being in place. +ZT3To6CFszy-00065-00029419-00029897 The few agreements in force are routinely violated, especially with regard to near-earth +ZT3To6CFszy-00066-00029897-00030547 vehicles, as Subrata Ghoshroy informs us when discussing the US X-37B military vehicle: +ZT3To6CFszy-00067-00030547-00030791 ‘Backdoor weaponization of space?‘: +ZT3To6CFszy-00068-00030791-00031313 “Discussions about how to prevent an arms race in space started long ago; the UN Conference +ZT3To6CFszy-00069-00031313-00031838 on Disarmament even started negotiations on a treaty, but the United States prevented +ZT3To6CFszy-00070-00031838-00032037 it from going any further. +ZT3To6CFszy-00071-00032037-00032525 And at the 2008 Conference on Disarmament in Geneva, China and Russia introduced an +ZT3To6CFszy-00072-00032525-00033028 actual space arms control treaty, popularly known as the Prevention of an Arms Race in +ZT3To6CFszy-00073-00033028-00033353 Outer Space treaty (PAROS Treaty, 2012)” +ZT3To6CFszy-00074-00033353-00033838 Adding to this alarming situation is the growing US commitment to the doctrine of a preventive +ZT3To6CFszy-00075-00033838-00034044 nuclear first strike. +ZT3To6CFszy-00076-00034044-00034469 One wonders how much longer the world will be able to prevent itself from being bombed +ZT3To6CFszy-00077-00034469-00034603 back to the Stone Age. +ZT3To6CFszy-00078-00034603-00035174 I wrote an article in 2016 dismissing the possibility of a nuclear war as absurd and +ZT3To6CFszy-00079-00035174-00035302 impossible. +ZT3To6CFszy-00080-00035302-00035699 But while a lot has changed in the meantime, my opinion has not. +ZT3To6CFszy-00081-00035699-00036197 Nevertheless, I struggle to understand how such an eventuality can be avoided when the +ZT3To6CFszy-00082-00036197-00036532 US remains on a collision course with China and Russia. +ZT3To6CFszy-00083-00036532-00036990 Trump appears unwilling to go down in history as the president responsible for kicking off +ZT3To6CFszy-00084-00036990-00037183 nuclear Armageddon. +ZT3To6CFszy-00085-00037183-00037383 But what about the next president? +ZT3To6CFszy-00086-00037383-00037912 The deep state in control of US politics would surely be able to place into office someone +ZT3To6CFszy-00087-00037912-00038380 who would advance the final justification for a headlong confrontation with Moscow and +ZT3To6CFszy-00088-00038380-00038490 Beijing. +ZT3To6CFszy-00089-00038490-00038990 If you think I am exaggerating, take Pompeo, a representative of the deep state, and his +ZT3To6CFszy-00090-00038990-00039487 recent answer to the question of whether Trump was sent by God to save Israel from Iran. +ZT3To6CFszy-00091-00039487-00039984 “As a Christian, I certainly believe that’s possible”, he responded. +ZT3To6CFszy-00092-00039984-00040411 If the US elects someone influenced by the messianic vision of American exceptionalism, +ZT3To6CFszy-00093-00040411-00041016 a vision that refuses to accept the realpolitik of multiple geopolitical poles and great-power +ZT3To6CFszy-00094-00041016-00041503 competition, then hang on to your hats, for the chances of a nuclear winter will increase +ZT3To6CFszy-00095-00041503-00041634 dramatically. +ZT3To6CFszy-00096-00041634-00042046 Just remember that the alternative to Trump was Hillary Clinton, who was calling for a +ZT3To6CFszy-00097-00042046-00042530 no-fly zone in Syria – that is, for the possibility of the US shooting down Russian +ZT3To6CFszy-00098-00042530-00042659 fighter jets! +ZT3To6CFszy-00099-00042659-00043099 What would be needed if faced with such a presidency is a healthy, grass-roots internal +ZT3To6CFszy-00100-00043099-00043375 opposition throughout Europe and the US. +ZT3To6CFszy-00101-00043375-00043849 As things stand now, there is no longer an anti-war movement, the public disoriented +ZT3To6CFszy-00102-00043849-00044419 by the mainstream media feeding them a constant stream of lies, misinformation and propaganda. +ZT3To6CFszy-00103-00044419-00044953 Assange is unjustly imprisoned and Yemeni civilians are continuously bombed, and yet +ZT3To6CFszy-00104-00044953-00045459 the media tells us that Julian works for the Kremlin, that Moscow wants to destabilize +ZT3To6CFszy-00105-00045459-00045965 and destroy Europe, that China intends to subjugate the whole world, that Kim Jong-un +ZT3To6CFszy-00106-00045965-00046490 is seeking the nuclearization of half of Asia, that Assad has massacred hundreds of thousands +ZT3To6CFszy-00107-00046490-00047024 of civilians, that Saudi Arabia is a country undergoing full reform, and that al-Qaeda +ZT3To6CFszy-00108-00047024-00047262 is fighting for freedom in Syria! +ZT3To6CFszy-00109-00047262-00047747 In such a current situation, truth is malleable, able to be fashioned and shaped according +ZT3To6CFszy-00110-00047747-00048300 to the needs and requirements of the military-industrial complex, which needs justifications for its +ZT3To6CFszy-00111-00048300-00048437 endless wars. +ZT3To6CFszy-00112-00048437-00048916 The situation can only get worse over the next six years, with citizens less and less +ZT3To6CFszy-00113-00048916-00049177 able to understand the world around them. +ZT3To6CFszy-00114-00049177-00049646 The further advances in technology will only help governments and corporations to control +ZT3To6CFszy-00115-00049646-00050197 information and decide what is right and wrong in a process of mass lobotomization. +ZT3To6CFszy-00116-00050197-00050705 The Internet will hardly continue to be free, and even if it were to continue in its current +ZT3To6CFszy-00117-00050705-00051196 state, the ability to offer counter-narratives will be limited by a lack of advertising revenue +ZT3To6CFszy-00118-00051196-00051708 to expand businesses and reach more people for independent media platforms. +ZT3To6CFszy-00119-00051708-00052240 To avoid the possibility of nuclear annihilation we have to rely on the cool heads and leadership +ZT3To6CFszy-00120-00052240-00052751 qualities of those who will succeed Vladimir Putin and Xi Jinping (it is unclear when Xi +ZT3To6CFszy-00121-00052751-00052950 Jinping will leave office). +ZT3To6CFszy-00122-00052950-00053403 Only those who assiduously keep themselves informed are able to appreciate the forbearance +ZT3To6CFszy-00123-00053403-00053869 that the Sino-Russian leadership has and will continue to have in the face of continuing +ZT3To6CFszy-00124-00053869-00054050 US provocations. +ZT3To6CFszy-00125-00054050-00054533 But what will happen when these two even-tempered leaders are no longer in power while the means +ZT3To6CFszy-00126-00054533-00054989 to inflict a devastating blow to the US remain available to their successors? +ZT3To6CFszy-00127-00054989-00055416 Will the same forbearance remain in the face of ongoing US provocations? +ZT3To6CFszy-00128-00055416-00055950 Moscow will be deploying all sorts of hypersonic weapons that the US cannot intercept, together +ZT3To6CFszy-00129-00055950-00056323 with a hundred state-of-the-art Su-57 fighters. +ZT3To6CFszy-00130-00056323-00056823 China will have about six to seven aircraft carriers, escorted by numerous destroyers, +ZT3To6CFszy-00131-00056823-00057463 each with 112 vertical launch system (VLS) cells, hypersonic missiles, anti-satelliteand +ZT3To6CFszy-00132-00057463-00057653 electromagnetic weapons. +ZT3To6CFszy-00133-00057653-00058252 The S-500 systems will be scattered throughout Russia (and presumably also in China and Belarus), +ZT3To6CFszy-00134-00058252-00058483 armed with hypersonic interceptors. +ZT3To6CFszy-00135-00058483-00058947 In addition to this conventional deterrence, the current Chinese and Russian nuclear arsenal +ZT3To6CFszy-00136-00058947-00059379 is already capable of wiping out the US in the space of a few minutes. +ZT3To6CFszy-00137-00059379-00059870 Washington will continue to raise the temperature vis-a-vis China and Russia, even after Putin +ZT3To6CFszy-00138-00059870-00060082 and Xi have left the office. +ZT3To6CFszy-00139-00060082-00060489 It is therefore likely that their successors will come from their country’s most hawkish +ZT3To6CFszy-00140-00060489-00060679 and intransigent wings. +ZT3To6CFszy-00141-00060679-00061242 In 2025 Putin and Xi will hopefully have succeeded in avoiding a conflict with the US through +ZT3To6CFszy-00142-00061242-00061799 the skillful employment of diplomatic, economic and often military means, playing a moderating +ZT3To6CFszy-00143-00061799-00062305 role that stands in contrast to that played by the West, which, not understanding this +ZT3To6CFszy-00144-00062305-00062600 approach, brands it as extremist. +ZT3To6CFszy-00145-00062600-00063021 Imagine that the tensions between these three countries continues to steadily increase over +ZT3To6CFszy-00146-00063021-00063491 the next five years at the same rate as it has over the last 10 years. +ZT3To6CFszy-00147-00063491-00063872 How will the respective deep states of Russia and China react? +ZT3To6CFszy-00148-00063872-00064279 Imagine in these two countries the appointment of two intransigent personalities ready to +ZT3To6CFszy-00149-00064279-00064527 respond to US provocations. +ZT3To6CFszy-00150-00064527-00065004 Washington continues its inexorable decline relative to other powers as a result of the +ZT3To6CFszy-00151-00065004-00065491 new multipolar reality, which evens out the distribution of geopolitical weight over a +ZT3To6CFszy-00152-00065491-00065755 wider area of the global chessboard. +ZT3To6CFszy-00153-00065755-00066216 We must hope, for the sake of humanity, that Washington’s decline will accelerate to +ZT3To6CFszy-00154-00066216-00066698 such an extent under the Trump presidency that the US will be forced to focus instead +ZT3To6CFszy-00155-00066698-00066922 on its own internal problems. +ZT3To6CFszy-00156-00066922-00067385 Reaching such a point would require the collapse of the global economy that is based on the +ZT3To6CFszy-00157-00067385-00067912 US dollar; but this is another story altogether that could also end in bloodshed. +ZT3To6CFszy-00158-00067912-00068438 Trump is appreciated by a part of the deep state for his efforts to reinvigorate Washington’s +ZT3To6CFszy-00159-00068438-00068868 military-industrial complex by practically offering it a blank check. +ZT3To6CFszy-00160-00068868-00069382 This is without considering Trump’s economic-financial assault on allies and enemies alike, which +ZT3To6CFszy-00161-00069382-00069839 seems to be an attempt to squeeze the last drops out of any remaining advantage to the +ZT3To6CFszy-00162-00069839-00070118 dollar-based system before it collapses. +ZT3To6CFszy-00163-00070118-00070647 The long-term plan of the US elites sometimes seems to be to provoke a great-power conflict +ZT3To6CFszy-00164-00070647-00071195 in order to gain victory and then construct a new global financial order atop the rubble. +ZT3To6CFszy-00165-00071195-00071726 The selling of US government bonds by Russia, China and several other countries is an important +ZT3To6CFszy-00166-00071726-00071989 indicator of global economic trends. +ZT3To6CFszy-00167-00071989-00072427 The conversion of these securities into gold and other currencies is further confirmation +ZT3To6CFszy-00168-00072427-00072588 of multipolarity. +ZT3To6CFszy-00169-00072588-00073119 The IMF’s inclusion of the yuan in its basket of reserve currencies is a tangible example +ZT3To6CFszy-00170-00073119-00073563 of the multipolar world in action and the diminishing power of the US. +ZT3To6CFszy-00171-00073563-00074117 The sustainability of US public and private debt comes from investor confidence in US +ZT3To6CFszy-00172-00074117-00074217 government bonds. +ZT3To6CFszy-00173-00074217-00074644 The system hangs together through the willingness of investors to buy this trash printed by +ZT3To6CFszy-00174-00074644-00074757 the Fed. +ZT3To6CFszy-00175-00074757-00075263 The investors’ confidence lies not so much in the ability of the US to repay the debt +ZT3To6CFszy-00176-00075263-00075730 but in its ability to use the most powerful military in the world to bully other countries +ZT3To6CFszy-00177-00075730-00076276 into purchasing US securities that only serve to further fuel US imperialism. +ZT3To6CFszy-00178-00076276-00076704 Moscow and Beijing’s efforts to untangle themselves from this system is the way they +ZT3To6CFszy-00179-00076704-00077177 will deny oxygen to the economic-military threat posed by Washington. +ZT3To6CFszy-00180-00077177-00077637 If the US deep state thinks it can squeeze out any last remaining benefits from the dollar +ZT3To6CFszy-00181-00077637-00078161 system, collapse everything in a great-power conflagration, and then revive the US dollar +ZT3To6CFszy-00182-00078161-00078622 system in a new form atop the rubble, then it is miscalculating terribly. +ZT3To6CFszy-00183-00078622-00079195 If my predictions regarding technological progress between now and 2025 are correct, +ZT3To6CFszy-00184-00079195-00079708 with quantum computing and artificial intelligence and so on, then perhaps Moscow and Beijing +ZT3To6CFszy-00185-00079708-00080245 will be able to avert this apocalypse with the clicks of a mouse thousands of miles away. +ZT3To6CFszy-00186-00080245-00080389 Science fiction? +ZT3To6CFszy-00187-00080389-00080489 Possibly. +ZT3To6CFszy-00188-00080489-00080955 But who would have been able to imagine that Bashar al-Assad’s Syria would be capable, +ZT3To6CFszy-00189-00080955-00081575 after six years of war, to repel 90% of the latest-generation missileslaunched by Israel? +ZT3To6CFszy-00190-00081575-00081807 Technology has a democratizing effect. +ZT3To6CFszy-00191-00081807-00082286 If you think I am exaggerating, try reflecting on the fact that Washington has been at war +ZT3To6CFszy-00192-00082286-00082888 almost every year since World War II, conducting clandestine operations in more than 50 countries +ZT3To6CFszy-00193-00082888-00083366 and killing millions of civilians directly and indirectly, all the while having the world +ZT3To6CFszy-00194-00083366-00083776 believe it is a blameless force for good on the side of truth and justice. +ZT3To6CFszy-00195-00083776-00084043 We live in a world based on lies. +ZT3To6CFszy-00196-00084043-00084516 Without this reality changing in the foreseeable future, with the mainstream media continuing +ZT3To6CFszy-00197-00084516-00085025 to keep much of the population disoriented and confused, then it is not too difficult +ZT3To6CFszy-00198-00085025-00085568 to imagine the United States by 2025 pulling the rug out from under everybody’s feet +ZT3To6CFszy-00199-00085568-00085800 through a great-power conflict, so as to build atop the debris a new, unchallengeable Pax +ZT3To6CFszy-00200-00085800-00085801 Americana. +ZU4NlWAlMlo-00000-00000800-00001200 My name is Iddo Verweij, I am manager director at Tribus Group +ZU4NlWAlMlo-00001-00001200-00001500 The Movitas is designed for everyone. +ZU4NlWAlMlo-00002-00001500-00001900 Build specially for passenger transport in narrow inner cities +ZU4NlWAlMlo-00003-00001900-00002420 This bus is designed to solve a number of problems that we are currently facing in society. +ZU4NlWAlMlo-00004-00002500-00002920 Due to problems of the future like urbanization, cities are getting crowded. +ZU4NlWAlMlo-00005-00002920-00003308 It is a challenge to keep cities liveable. +ZU4NlWAlMlo-00006-00003508-00003879 Cities are struggling to reduce Co2 emissions. +ZU4NlWAlMlo-00007-00003879-00004280 Not only in Amsterdam but that applies to every city. +ZU4NlWAlMlo-00008-00004280-00004780 Whether it is Stockholm or Paris or London, all cities face these mobility problems. +ZU4NlWAlMlo-00009-00004800-00005500 We would like to contribute to the solution by offering clean mobility solutions that can reach deeper into the city +ZU4NlWAlMlo-00010-00005548-00006100 The Movitas is a unique bus, it is small, agile and has 4-wheel steering. +ZU4NlWAlMlo-00011-00006140-00006500 Thats why it can reach narrow streets deep into the city. +ZU4NlWAlMlo-00012-00006500-00007100 Especially in the old inner cities where traditional 12 meter buses can not make their way. +ZU4NlWAlMlo-00013-00007300-00007600 A unique kind of innovation. +ZU4NlWAlMlo-00014-00007600-00007800 We have seat heating for the passengers. +ZU4NlWAlMlo-00015-00007800-00008300 This feature is an obvious choice in every car, also in your car. +ZU4NlWAlMlo-00016-00008300-00008600 But in the bus it is quite unique +ZU4NlWAlMlo-00017-00008600-00009240 The traditional bus manufacturers still hold on to Diesel or convection heating +ZU4NlWAlMlo-00018-00009240-00009600 where most energy gets lost inside of the bus +ZU4NlWAlMlo-00019-00009600-00010080 We can do this more efficient with an energy reduction +ZU4NlWAlMlo-00020-00010080-00010552 by offering seat heating that turns on the moment you sit on it. +ZU4NlWAlMlo-00021-00010652-00011200 It feels real comfortable, because the heat transfers directly on the body. +ZU4NlWAlMlo-00022-00011600-00011988 We have chosen to create USB connections for passengers in the bus +ZU4NlWAlMlo-00023-00011988-00012688 We all want to charge our mobile when it is empty or almost empty. +ZU4NlWAlMlo-00024-00012688-00012988 Therefor the bus is a perfect option to recharge. +ZVY4HzKaYZc-00000-00000000-00000208 Welcome back. +ZVY4HzKaYZc-00001-00000266-00000618 We are going to finish off those dimensional arrays. +ZVY4HzKaYZc-00002-00000766-00001086 Right now, we are at eight dimensions. +ZVY4HzKaYZc-00003-00003108-00003276 Filling up the x^8 space. +ZVY4HzKaYZc-00004-00003308-00003611 yottossol = {10,10 (8) 2} = 10^8 array of 10's. +ZVY4HzKaYZc-00005-00003708-00004092 We are at nine dimensional space +ZVY4HzKaYZc-00006-00009016-00009442 xennossol = {10,10 (9) 2} = 10^9 array of 10's There are a billion tens in the array +ZVY4HzKaYZc-00007-00009496-00009830 The rules for higher dimensions are similar. +ZVY4HzKaYZc-00008-00009950-00010288 Let's just breeze through the dimensions +ZVY4HzKaYZc-00009-00010646-00010914 dimendecal = {10,10 (10) 2} +ZVY4HzKaYZc-00010-00012454-00012744 (twelve dimensions) +ZVY4HzKaYZc-00011-00014266-00014641 A hilbert space is a space with any number of dimensions. +ZVY4HzKaYZc-00012-00014819-00015163 We are going to fill up a Hilbert space. +ZVY4HzKaYZc-00013-00015234-00015538 A Hilbert space has an array structure of x^x. +ZVY4HzKaYZc-00014-00016204-00016580 gongulus = {10,10 (100) 2} 100 dimensions - Super Yikes! +ZVY4HzKaYZc-00015-00016934-00017436 We are breaking past the dimensional arrays! We could just keep making the dimension bigger +ZVY4HzKaYZc-00016-00017452-00017716 until the number gets so large +ZVY4HzKaYZc-00017-00017716-00018006 that we would need to go beyond a hilbert space. +ZVY4HzKaYZc-00018-00018022-00018366 This is the beginning of superdimensional arrays. +ZVY4HzKaYZc-00019-00018366-00018704 In BEAF: (0,1) separates Hilbert spaces. +ZVY4HzKaYZc-00020-00018728-00019010 {a, b (0,1) 2} = {a, b (b) 2} +ZVY4HzKaYZc-00021-00019096-00019360 In BAN: [1, 2] separates hilbert spaces +ZVY4HzKaYZc-00022-00019360-00019674 So the 2 after the [1, 2] is in the second Hilbert space. +ZVY4HzKaYZc-00023-00019716-00020076 A Hilbert space is also known as a 'dimensional group' +ZVY4HzKaYZc-00024-00021754-00022114 gongulusplex = 10^gongulus array of 10's = {10,10 (gongulus) 2} +ZVY4HzKaYZc-00025-00022268-00022740 Of course, we have no problem with more than two entries in the first row +ZVY4HzKaYZc-00026-00028895-00029536 Once we fill up a Hilbert space/dimensional group, we need to increment the number after the [1, 2] by one +ZVY4HzKaYZc-00027-00029536-00029880 Just like filling a row increments the next row by one +ZVY4HzKaYZc-00028-00032495-00032760 Finishing off the arrays of size x^x +1. +ZVY4HzKaYZc-00029-00033146-00033426 The second Hilbert space has two entries. +ZVY4HzKaYZc-00030-00033438-00033686 Array structure: x^x + 2. +ZVY4HzKaYZc-00031-00037710-00038012 Array size: x^x + 3. +ZVY4HzKaYZc-00032-00040544-00040822 Array size: x^x + 4. +ZVY4HzKaYZc-00033-00042220-00042366 x^x + 5. +ZVY4HzKaYZc-00034-00042874-00043242 Finishing off a row of the second Hilbert space: x^x + x. +ZVY4HzKaYZc-00035-00044092-00044308 x^x + x + 1 +ZVY4HzKaYZc-00036-00044418-00044720 More numbers coming later. +ZZ92vUeoX0y-00000-00000774-00001281 My father has a lot of professions: actor, journalist, advocate for workers and communist +ZZ92vUeoX0y-00001-00001419-00001867 He looked at me and said: “Mouth Shut!”. And he went out. +ZZ92vUeoX0y-00002-00002029-00002235 “Ariano, is the package”. +ZZ92vUeoX0y-00003-00002235-00002630 Then I knew it was him, because, once in a while, he used to say to me: +ZZ92vUeoX0y-00004-00002630-00002894 ”Hey, Ariano, what package is this - bloody one - that you just received”. +ZZ92vUeoX0y-00005-00003053-00003352 When I wasn’t expecting (my car was a beatle)... +ZZ92vUeoX0y-00006-00003352-00004079 Hiram came from behind, standing He was standing, hat and a very thick mustache +ZZ92vUeoX0y-00007-00004286-00004586 Watching “The love bug” with my dad ... +ZZ92vUeoX0y-00008-00004586-00005081 and hearing his lousy laughs in the theater. +ZZ92vUeoX0y-00009-00005220-00005482 Danced, in a time where priests never removed their robes +ZZ92vUeoX0y-00010-00005482-00006017 He lifted his robe and we could see his pants… and did it with all moves and shakes. +ZZ92vUeoX0y-00011-00006413-00006941 Then everybody was amused at his jokes, because he had very funny stories to tell. +ZZ92vUeoX0y-00012-00006941-00007394 Then he told stories and we had not laughed of the parrot. We felt he was funnier +ZZ92vUeoX0y-00013-00007523-00007954 It was a lot of joy in that apartment. Despite having no money to eat, didn't have lunch, didn't have dinner, +ZZ92vUeoX0y-00014-00007954-00008383 had nothing in hardness ... We went to school without breakfast, not sure if had lunch ... +ZZ92vUeoX0y-00015-00008383-00009251 but had the piano! You know, had that joy, that thing. It was enough to get another ... ready, was made the party. +ZZ92vUeoX0y-00016-00009833-00010290 it wasn’t a party for election. It was a party to transform the society. +ZZ92vUeoX0y-00017-00010595-00010770 "Desappeared one?" +ZZ92vUeoX0y-00018-00010773-00011140 "Desappeared ones" +ZZ92vUeoX0y-00019-00011606-00012130 Grieving New Moon +ZZ92vUeoX0y-00020-00012601-00013000 I never had a good Christmas again. +ZZ92vUeoX0y-00021-00013202-00013480 a documentary of +ZeoSECTgtpA-00000-00000126-00000351 Hi everybody! This is Rob Swatski +ZeoSECTgtpA-00001-00000351-00000675 and this is Christine Mummert, +ZeoSECTgtpA-00002-00000675-00000998 and we are biology professors at the +ZeoSECTgtpA-00003-00000998-00001357 Harrisburg Area Community College York Campus. +ZeoSECTgtpA-00004-00001357-00001707 And in this video podcast +ZeoSECTgtpA-00005-00001707-00002075 we're going to be reviewing using the muscle model, +ZeoSECTgtpA-00006-00002075-00002775 the muscles of the head and face. Starting out let's take a look at the +ZeoSECTgtpA-00007-00002808-00003319 Frontalis muscle. This is located on the frontal bone +ZeoSECTgtpA-00008-00003319-00003739 of the skull and the Frontalis is actually +ZeoSECTgtpA-00009-00003739-00004107 one of two parts: it's the frontal belly +ZeoSECTgtpA-00010-00004107-00004703 of the Occipitofrontalis muscle. This muscle originates on the scalp +ZeoSECTgtpA-00011-00004703-00005098 and there is a large flat membrane-like +ZeoSECTgtpA-00012-00005098-00005541 tendon, the aponeurosis, sitting on top of the skull +ZeoSECTgtpA-00013-00005541-00005878 that connects the anterior Frontalis, +ZeoSECTgtpA-00014-00005878-00006191 the frontal belly, with the posterior +ZeoSECTgtpA-00015-00006191-00006495 Occiptalis, or occipital belly, +ZeoSECTgtpA-00016-00006495-00006811 and we'll look at that muscle next. +ZeoSECTgtpA-00017-00006811-00007154 The Frontalis inserts +ZeoSECTgtpA-00018-00007154-00007456 onto the skin along the eyebrow +ZeoSECTgtpA-00019-00007456-00007793 on the supraorbital margin of the skull +ZeoSECTgtpA-00020-00007793-00008100 just above the orbit where the +ZeoSECTgtpA-00021-00008100-00008567 eyeball is located. The action of the Frontalis +ZeoSECTgtpA-00022-00008567-00008874 is elevation of the eyebrows and +ZeoSECTgtpA-00023-00008874-00009196 elevation means it raises the eyebrows up. +ZeoSECTgtpA-00024-00009196-00009643 It also draws back the scalp and wrinkles the forehead. +ZeoSECTgtpA-00025-00009643-00010071 This is the Occipitalis +ZeoSECTgtpA-00026-00010071-00010543 muscle and this is part of the Occipito- +ZeoSECTgtpA-00027-00010543-00010871 frontalis muscle. It's the posterior +ZeoSECTgtpA-00028-00010871-00011175 muscle belly of that larger two- +ZeoSECTgtpA-00029-00011175-00011503 part muscle. We looked at the Frontalis +ZeoSECTgtpA-00030-00011503-00011899 muscle in the previous podcast. The Occipitalis +ZeoSECTgtpA-00031-00011899-00012299 is named after its location on the posterior +ZeoSECTgtpA-00032-00012299-00012793 occipital bone of the skull and its actions are to draw back +ZeoSECTgtpA-00033-00012793-00013344 the scalp and wrinkle the forehead. This is the Temporalis muscle. +ZeoSECTgtpA-00034-00013344-00013803 It is named after its location on the temporal bone +ZeoSECTgtpA-00035-00013803-00014104 of the skull and it has a lateral +ZeoSECTgtpA-00036-00014104-00014501 orientation. Your lateral means it's on the side of the skull. +ZeoSECTgtpA-00037-00014501-00014840 Its action is to elevate +ZeoSECTgtpA-00038-00014840-00015219 or raise up the mandible which is the lower jaw. +ZeoSECTgtpA-00039-00015219-00015523 It also retracts or +ZeoSECTgtpA-00040-00015523-00015997 pulls the lower jaw inward and it also assists +ZeoSECTgtpA-00041-00015997-00016345 in side-to-side movements of the mandible. +ZeoSECTgtpA-00042-00016345-00016655 This is the Auricularis +ZeoSECTgtpA-00043-00016655-00016984 Anterior. The word "auricular" +ZeoSECTgtpA-00044-00016984-00017311 refers to the ears. It is +ZeoSECTgtpA-00045-00017311-00017698 deep or underneath the Temporalis muscle +ZeoSECTgtpA-00046-00017698-00018190 and this is one of several Auricularis muscles located around +ZeoSECTgtpA-00047-00018190-00018362 the ears. There's also a +ZeoSECTgtpA-00048-00018362-00018720 Superior and Posterior Auricularis +ZeoSECTgtpA-00049-00018720-00019031 muscle. And the actions include +ZeoSECTgtpA-00050-00019031-00019478 moving the ears so if you're able to wiggle your years you have a +ZeoSECTgtpA-00051-00019478-00019586 well-developed +ZeoSECTgtpA-00052-00019586-00019990 Auricularis Anterior muscle. This is the +ZeoSECTgtpA-00053-00019990-00020469 Orbicularis oculi. This is a round muscle - +ZeoSECTgtpA-00054-00020469-00020845 the prefix "orb-" refers to a +ZeoSECTgtpA-00055-00020845-00021245 round shape. And this muscle surrounds the eye at +ZeoSECTgtpA-00056-00021245-00021547 the orbits. The orbit is +ZeoSECTgtpA-00057-00021547-00021901 the eye socket where the eyeball is located. +ZeoSECTgtpA-00058-00021901-00022219 The word "oculi" is a reference +ZeoSECTgtpA-00059-00022219-00022701 to the eye. The action of the Orbicularis oculi +ZeoSECTgtpA-00060-00022701-00023097 is to close the eyelids. This is the muscle that we use +ZeoSECTgtpA-00061-00023097-00023451 when we blink, squint, or wink. +ZeoSECTgtpA-00062-00023451-00023812 Our next muscle is the Orbicularis +ZeoSECTgtpA-00063-00023812-00024193 oris. Like the Orbicularis oculi +ZeoSECTgtpA-00064-00024193-00024581 this is a round muscle, but its location is around +ZeoSECTgtpA-00065-00024581-00024904 the mouth, that's what "oris" refers to, +ZeoSECTgtpA-00066-00024904-00025212 like in "oral". It's located on both +ZeoSECTgtpA-00067-00025212-00025660 the upper jaw (the maxilla) and the lower jaw (the mandible). +ZeoSECTgtpA-00068-00025660-00026027 Its actions include closing the mouth, +ZeoSECTgtpA-00069-00026027-00026489 closing the lips together. It also protrudes the lips, +ZeoSECTgtpA-00070-00026489-00026924 pushing the lips out. It's nickname is the "kissing muscle" +ZeoSECTgtpA-00071-00026924-00027252 for its obvious function in puckering up. +ZeoSECTgtpA-00072-00027252-00027806 And it's also used in whistling and vocalizations. +ZeoSECTgtpA-00073-00027806-00028211 This is the Zygomaticus major. This muscle originates +ZeoSECTgtpA-00074-00028211-00028541 on the zygomatic bone, also called the cheekbone, +ZeoSECTgtpA-00075-00028541-00028870 and inserts on the corners or angles +ZeoSECTgtpA-00076-00028870-00029261 of the mouth. It's actions include its use +ZeoSECTgtpA-00077-00029261-00029758 in vocalization and speaking. It also draws the corners of the mouth +ZeoSECTgtpA-00078-00029758-00030106 upward and outward in large open mouth +ZeoSECTgtpA-00079-00030106-00030525 types of movements. You can imagine this muscle when it contracts +ZeoSECTgtpA-00080-00030525-00030852 pulling up the corners of the mouth. +ZeoSECTgtpA-00081-00030852-00031252 It's also a major muscle used in smiling and laughing. +ZeoSECTgtpA-00082-00031252-00031652 This is the Triangularis, also called the Depressor +ZeoSECTgtpA-00083-00031652-00032113 anguli oris. This muscle is located on the mandible, +ZeoSECTgtpA-00084-00032113-00032452 the lower jaw, and it originates at the corners +ZeoSECTgtpA-00085-00032452-00032844 or angles of the mouth. And its two names +ZeoSECTgtpA-00086-00032844-00033196 come from its triangular shape (Triangularis) +ZeoSECTgtpA-00087-00033196-00033499 and also its action. +ZeoSECTgtpA-00088-00033499-00033890 "Depressor anguli oris" refers to its movements +ZeoSECTgtpA-00089-00033890-00034216 of lowering ("depressor") the +ZeoSECTgtpA-00090-00034216-00034572 angles (the corners) of the mouth, +ZeoSECTgtpA-00091-00034572-00034959 which is "oris". It is nicknamed the "frowning +ZeoSECTgtpA-00092-00034959-00035318 muscle" because of this action. +ZeoSECTgtpA-00093-00035318-00035691 These are the Mentalis muscles. These area a small +ZeoSECTgtpA-00094-00035691-00036116 pair of muscles that insert onto the lower lips. +ZeoSECTgtpA-00095-00036116-00036509 The word "mentalis" is a reference to their location +ZeoSECTgtpA-00096-00036509-00036709 which is on the mentum or mental region, +ZeoSECTgtpA-00097-00036874-00037224 the most anterior part of the mandible. +ZeoSECTgtpA-00098-00037224-00037597 The actions of the Mentalis include contracting +ZeoSECTgtpA-00099-00037597-00037944 to elevate and push the lower lips +ZeoSECTgtpA-00100-00037944-00038312 outward in a protrusion type action. +ZeoSECTgtpA-00101-00038312-00038941 Their nickname is the "pouting muscles" because of these movements. +ZeoSECTgtpA-00102-00038941-00039421 The Risorius is a small muscle located on the lateral side of the +ZeoSECTgtpA-00103-00039421-00039535 skull, +ZeoSECTgtpA-00104-00039535-00039990 and it's found sort of in-between the anterior Triangularis +ZeoSECTgtpA-00105-00039990-00040366 and the posterior Masseter. +ZeoSECTgtpA-00106-00040366-00040866 The Risorius' action is to pull the corners or angles of the mouth +ZeoSECTgtpA-00107-00040866-00041236 laterally out to the side. It's used +ZeoSECTgtpA-00108-00041236-00041577 in lots of vocalization movements along with +ZeoSECTgtpA-00109-00041577-00042028 smiling and grinning. This is the Masseter. +ZeoSECTgtpA-00110-00042028-00042575 It's a large, massive muscle located on the posterior +ZeoSECTgtpA-00111-00042575-00042941 mandible and its name comes from +ZeoSECTgtpA-00112-00042941-00043325 its action, which is maceration, +ZeoSECTgtpA-00113-00043325-00043793 which is a fifty-cent word for chewing. +ZeoSECTgtpA-00114-00043793-00044312 It's elevating the mandible during the chewing movements and also slightly pro- +ZeoSECTgtpA-00115-00044312-00044480 tracts the mandible, +ZeoSECTgtpA-00116-00044480-00044890 pushes it forward during chewing. +ZeoSECTgtpA-00117-00044890-00045208 The Buccinator is a muscle that +ZeoSECTgtpA-00118-00045208-00045641 lies deep to the Risorius. +ZeoSECTgtpA-00119-00045641-00046053 It's name "buccal" is a reference +ZeoSECTgtpA-00120-00046053-00046456 to the cheeks, which is where it's located. +ZeoSECTgtpA-00121-00046456-00046941 Its actions, similar to the Risorius, is to draw the corners of the mouth +ZeoSECTgtpA-00122-00046941-00047387 laterally, but it's also used to compress +ZeoSECTgtpA-00123-00047387-00047847 the cheeks in a suction action like when you're whistling +ZeoSECTgtpA-00124-00047847-00048184 or when you're sucking on a straw. +ZeoSECTgtpA-00125-00048184-00048515 Remember the phrase "the buccs sucks" +ZeoSECTgtpA-00126-00048515-00048825 to help you remember the action of the Buccinator. +Ze-docVwhc8-00000-00000012-00000350 I was shamed yesterday to hear Jeremy Hunt use the far right trope of associating the +Ze-docVwhc8-00001-00000350-00000619 European Union with the Soviet Union. +Ze-docVwhc8-00002-00000619-00001045 This abuse of history is an insult to those who suffered under Soviet repression. +Ze-docVwhc8-00003-00001045-00001454 I'd like to offer my apology on behalf of the many British people who respect the brave +Ze-docVwhc8-00004-00001454-00001875 struggle for freedom fought by our friends in Central Europe and the Baltic states. +Ze-docVwhc8-00005-00001875-00002372 For many countries the EU has supported their path away from authoritarianism and towards +Ze-docVwhc8-00006-00002372-00002541 prosperity. +Ze-docVwhc8-00007-00002541-00003207 Our current cooperation in peace, democracy and human rights celebrates that achievement. +Ze-docVwhc8-00008-00003207-00003639 Coming from a country that has always prided itself on diplomatic prowess, for me this +Ze-docVwhc8-00009-00003639-00004017 speech was part of an unfolding national tragedy. +Ze-docVwhc8-00010-00004017-00004314 This is where the ignorance of Brexit has led us. +Ze-docVwhc8-00011-00004314-00004846 Insulting our friends, misrepresenting our history, indulging our fantasies of a return +Ze-docVwhc8-00012-00004846-00005096 to the colonial past. +Ze-docVwhc8-00013-00005096-00005362 But the Brexiteers are running out of steam. +Ze-docVwhc8-00014-00005362-00005960 In an equally lacklustre speech yesterday, Dominic Raab claimed that democracy is sacrosanct. +Ze-docVwhc8-00015-00005960-00006425 So I’m waiting for him to join me in calling for a criminal inquiry into Vote Leave - where +Ze-docVwhc8-00016-00006425-00007004 he was a board member - and into Russian interference in the Brexit campaign. +Ze-docVwhc8-00017-00007004-00007403 True democracy cannot be based on deceit and an empty prospectus. +Ze-docVwhc8-00018-00007403-00007886 It requires that British people make a choice on the deal as negotiated, so they can decide +Ze-docVwhc8-00019-00007886-00008153 whether this is the Brexit they voted for. +Ze-docVwhc8-00020-00008153-00008957 When it comes to Brexit, democracy demands a People’s Vote. +ZgrCUwjlAOk-00000-00000310-00000466 Azad Cricket +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00000-00000040-00000744 hey everyone how's it going i'm luis i hope you're having a good summer and a good summer festival so +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00001-00000744-00001607 we have ongoing uh on facebook and and web uh the summer festival event and you can get some some +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00002-00001607-00002272 regards with this uh basically in exchange for for the honey that you can get from multiple missions +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00003-00002360-00002952 you can you can then go in the merchant and get some some goodies here so some some skin stones +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00004-00002952-00003928 some stuff for your pets uh some some soul stones uh the dolls that open up into multiple things and +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00005-00003928-00004792 and then the items so red and and um and orange items so and also the purple items so you you have +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00006-00004792-00005456 um quite a bunch of things you can pick personally i'm probably going for for the items but that's +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00007-00005512-00006168 that's possibly for another video i'm not going going to be opening opening rewards today um +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00008-00006232-00007512 so let's let's see um one of the most larger quests here to call it this way i think it's here +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00009-00007512-00008416 life of the parties so you need to gather up to 1 000 souls stones and i'm going to explain how you +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00010-00008416-00009256 can get this the easiest and most efficient ways so souls as you know you can get from from the +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00011-00009256-00009952 campaign is one of the ways you can get it the the recommended way would be to looking into your ears +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00012-00009952-00010928 and see which ones you don't have yet to six stars and then you try doing uh those um those missions +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00013-00010928-00011600 you get the soul so you can advance those those those ones that are more important to your your +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00014-00011600-00012216 main heroes in my case i'm still working on astro in this account on the facebook account so i need +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00015-00012216-00012984 20 more souls and so i've been doing this every day now with this event to get to get souls uh +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00016-00012984-00013552 even at this point doing the in the chapter two and five which don't give me anything useful +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00017-00013656-00014344 but yeah it's a way of spending energy to get exactly the souls that i need uh but i'm not +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00018-00014344-00015024 just doing those so i'm i'm doing the the one i do every day so chapter nine for aurora to get me uh +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00019-00015024-00015919 these type of things here and then i'll do astro i'll do hiding and i also did all of them here and +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00020-00016032-00016504 then i'm also doing tia and then i see okay what else can i get i can i can also try +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00021-00016504-00017144 he'll use i can also so he'll use to get some of these more interesting items here like the +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00022-00017144-00017896 the alchemists heads here and these things etc and then you also have a phobos which also has +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00023-00017896-00018560 some interesting items in here another way of seeing this is just go in the campaign +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00024-00018560-00019304 and and then i mean if you have all all your main heroes already at six stars you can just uh +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00025-00019304-00020160 you know scroll down from up down or down left right right left whatever direction you want so +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00026-00020160-00020960 what uh what i do after i get all the souls that i need for the main heroes i go in here and i start +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00027-00020960-00021456 from chapter 13 i don't usually do 14 sometimes i also do 14 but i start +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00028-00021456-00022184 usually on chapter 13. then i go all this way down here until i run out of energy so i use the +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00029-00022184-00023008 some energy bottles i use the two cheaper energy reload so these ones but at 50 emeralds each +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00030-00023088-00023632 and then i just go through all the energy that i can in in the most effective cheaper way +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00031-00023720-00024240 and i try to get all these orange items because i'm i'm much in need of orange items but also some +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00032-00024240-00024944 purple so i i do more the orange on these occasions and then the purples doing the +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00033-00024944-00025408 the normal days without missions unless i also need oranges so yeah one of the things you can +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00034-00025408-00025944 get here is your precious crown you know you have a bunch of things here that would be interesting +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00035-00025944-00026712 like lightning like the light of distant stars and the spear speeds of power and so on so this is one +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00036-00026712-00027424 way of getting the souls another very effective way is going in the shops and using the coins +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00037-00027495-00028472 that you don't need mostly and to get souls for heroes that you might need or the ones you need +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00038-00028527-00029264 and then at some point even the ones you don't need okay so getting up to 1000 souls it's a lot +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00039-00029264-00030136 of work and one way of speeding it up is is going here and spanning so i would get i would recommend +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00040-00030136-00030920 you know if you need for example rufus or ishmael or marcus or leon yeah sure going there otherwise +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00041-00030920-00031688 might not be the best way of spending the the the greenery uh coins but this is a way and definitely +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00042-00031688-00032383 the tower is fairly inexpensive so you can can just spend like the arena and not always you get +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00043-00032464-00032976 you know you do get some right items here uh on on all of them but um +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00044-00033080-00033848 not always you get the items you want on these shops so arena and tower are a bit more +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00045-00033928-00034984 easier i guess to to to just spend you know uh less less uh worry worrisome to spend those coins +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00046-00034984-00035616 run arena i think is a bit more more challenging to save up coins so and sometimes there's good +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00047-00035616-00036288 items in here but i definitely would keep uh the ones from the seoul shop at the friendship shop +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00048-00036288-00036864 and the atlanta shop uh especially so the soul shop you know if you want jet +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00049-00036952-00037544 and and you you still don't have him at six sergio let's just go there and buy no problem but +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00050-00037544-00038168 once you get to six stars yet don't buy anymore otherwise it's just a waste the friendship shop +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00051-00038400-00039064 is a bit like the grand arena sometimes you will have nice items in here quite often actually +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00052-00039304-00039872 but you might also need faceless and cornelius for different things here and there so it's +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00053-00039872-00040440 not always until at least they are at six stars and the outline i really don't don't recommend +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00054-00040440-00041024 pushing these ones unless you need those heroes or you're desperate to get some souls +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00055-00041024-00041720 that's basically what i do i just avoid spending here unless really necessary so i got jargon +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00056-00041720-00042432 yeah big stars okay but then i just avoid spending so that's what i do you see here i didn't spend +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00057-00042432-00043016 today anything here i spent here i spent in there for jet i spent what i had in here and +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00058-00043016-00043760 here at this point i'm just trying to spend and to reach my goal uh quickly and and +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00059-00043760-00044496 because we only have now four days so trying not to miss out the the rewards but at some point i +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00060-00044496-00045216 will slow down and then eventually stop okay so we we looked up at the campaign the merchant there's +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00061-00045216-00046224 a few more ways of getting sold so another way is through these dolls and other similar chests and +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00062-00046224-00047184 things like that so this can open up into multiple souls and then we have a few more um options +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00063-00047512-00047992 and then we have one last that i'll demonstrate so one of the other options is actually going +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00064-00047992-00048544 here in the titan valley in the merchant and you can exchange your your certificates +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00065-00048680-00049480 for uh souls of of heroes that you need so i did spend uh one +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00066-00049776-00050704 one certificate today on nablet because i had her at uh like 298 souls out of 300 okay so +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00067-00050704-00051160 okay i'll just finish this today for this account and i'll get naval to six stars +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00068-00051160-00051728 and i'll just spend one though i'm i'm still quite unsure what to do with all these uh +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00069-00051808-00052464 probably will end up spending in these ones here the artifact coins in the large kingston chests +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00070-00052464-00053288 and avoid spending but if i would pick uh uh for my case uh heroes to put these on it would be just +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00071-00053288-00053920 and barry at this point because i don't want or need carc i already have sebastian and neville six +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00072-00053920-00054879 stars leaving and very as a good asset to have but um i'm still a bit quite far from from starting to +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00073-00054879-00055584 put real effort into antares so at this point it wouldn't be that much of a necessity and +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00074-00055584-00056296 i guess i'll hold up on the others but it is a way of getting some extra souls you also have +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00075-00056544-00057144 you also have this one here no sorry what am i doing what am i doing +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00076-00057344-00057928 the guild war yeah merchant which also shows on the other side but i didn't cover uh and so you +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00077-00057928-00058576 can head you can get some some souls here for jew for acne and jasmine and zero but i don't really +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00078-00058664-00059176 need or want any of these i got my asmin on my facebook account already six stars long ago +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00079-00059176-00059976 drew on the web account also six hours long ago and the others i'm really not not into and so +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00080-00059976-00060720 well i prefer to be honest i prefer uh saving up these resources for something else +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00081-00060784-00061800 and that would be evolving your titan totem so they can be evolved with either those coins so +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00082-00061800-00062712 bronze and silver and then so i cannot see this one but bronze and then silver and then gold coins +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00083-00062776-00063752 gold and gold trophies and so this is where i just hard up and save up and to to spend eventually and +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00084-00063752-00064696 try not to spend on other things so last but not least we have also the soul stone chest right and +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00085-00064696-00065328 these ones you can you can open and get either 50 or 100 and you can pick the hero that you +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00086-00065328-00066304 want to get souls for and that's basically it so you just you just pick one and you get what +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00087-00066304-00067032 where do you get these you get from the nasties the other day you can get these on the daily bonus +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00088-00067168-00067856 so at every 28th day you can get up to two of these depending on your +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00089-00067856-00068568 um if you have vip status or or not i mean if you have you get two if you don't you get one +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00090-00068672-00069568 at level 10 which is not cheap but you can get uh those boxes containing up to 50 okay +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00091-00069640-00070416 and then these uh these ones here 100 you get on on special events basically as a reward so now +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00092-00070416-00071272 that we clear that up uh and we we went through some of the spending today on on the shops let's +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00093-00071272-00072072 see where we are we are 212 on this account and on the way up we need an another close to 800 to +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00094-00072240-00073240 1000 and so let's open some the fun part getting our focus dolls opened up so we +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00095-00073240-00074384 will get some some salt but also a bunch of other things i'll just speed up from now on +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00096-00074648-00075248 so we were at 200 level let's let's try to understand how many we got +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00097-00075376-00076056 so these open into multiple and that's that's why those are actually interesting and nice +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00098-00076320-00076744 and for a while they will keep opening up into more into more tomorrow +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00099-00076960-00077584 all right phobos are done and we got oh yeah i cannot see how many directly +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00100-00077680-00078000 i will just keep opening and we will do the match at the end +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00101-00078440-00078736 i could not see because i already had souls so +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00102-00078976-00079144 i didn't know how many i had before +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00103-00079280-00079984 so now we're opening the lion dolls and they are opening into more +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00104-00080224-00081384 and we are also getting experience potions which is nice +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00105-00081592-00081920 at least at this point in the game for me it's nice i still have some +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00106-00082064-00082784 some of these folks to to develop oops i clicked on the wrong thing +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00107-00083128-00083384 and also did i see i think i saw +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00108-00083632-00083776 hero artifact pieces +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00109-00083992-00084704 all right those are done and we also have these demon dolphins before let's see what did we get +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00110-00084768-00085624 so we had 212 and now we have 323 so that's about 100. so nice um +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00111-00085904-00086840 next up i mean we can go directly to these demon dolls these tend to give if i'm not +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00112-00086840-00087656 mixing up things with the mobile version a lot of gold and also a lot of celeste soul stones +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00113-00087872-00088568 occasionally so so far we didn't get any gold i mean we got a bit of gold there and the other +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00114-00088568-00089312 time before but this didn't work out very well all right uh now we have interesting things here +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00115-00089312-00089808 that i've kind of forgot from previous events ascension season box contains gold various coins +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00116-00089808-00090448 and other available resources let's check this out so it's just ascension stuff okay +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00117-00090696-00091184 all right this won't matter for now and +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00118-00091336-00091816 we have also the storm legacy chest we can also open this though this shouldn't contain +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00119-00091816-00092336 any any souls this should contain i mean for heroes it might contain souls for pets +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00120-00092488-00093984 but no harm done opening this i guess we'll get plenty of gold i guess yeah some gold in there +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00121-00094304-00094600 all right i don't see any pet souls actually +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00122-00094688-00095384 i think we're supposed to get some right well possibility +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00123-00095624-00096208 ah no wait wait wait we get instead the eggs then we can get the sauce from the eggs that's it +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00124-00096432-00097048 so we don't get this the pet souls directly right opening this all of +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00125-00097424-00097720 i guess i can save some of this because of the eggs +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00126-00097808-00098704 for future events yeah i'll save some of these all right now we see we check where we are okay we +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00127-00098792-00099896 didn't get any more uh yeah yeah so we still need about 700 and now we're gonna work uh on the more +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00128-00099896-00100896 um calculation part of things so so we have here uh 2 times 100 that's 200 sold and then we have +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00129-00100896-00101800 here five times 50 that's 250 sold so that's 450 so clearly not enough for the 700 that's +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00130-00101800-00102312 why i keep spending uh in-game resources trying to get more sold because i really need to get +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00131-00102368-00103088 to to do this every day and to get the the most out of this but now we can see +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00132-00103216-00103824 which of my uh heroes here on my team can benefit from getting souls +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00133-00103976-00104840 and does or maybe some of them don't really benefit as much or they are not in much need but +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00134-00104840-00105496 they will be more relevant in the future so that's simply something we can make calculations and i'll +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00135-00105496-00106159 demonstrate a little bit so astros here i don't think it's worth putting souls because this is +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00136-00106159-00107008 basically just a matter of days and i mean even if i just get one a day one soul a day only uh that's +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00137-00107008-00107688 20 days 30 days it's fine i can't wait and the same i can i can say about id you know +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00138-00107688-00108496 22 souls is fine but let's see what else we and these are really easy to get sold and +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00139-00108720-00109183 really not complicated and i really actually need some of these rings so i can just you know press +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00140-00109183-00109783 this button here and rate this during normal days instead of going for the normal missions +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00141-00109783-00110559 that spend less energy but this guarantees some souls and the items and um and i get so eventually +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00142-00110559-00111135 get the souls faster so what else we have as option we have tia and tia is a long way to go +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00143-00111208-00111711 uh we don't really have option of raiding force for rufus because you can only get him on the shop +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00144-00111711-00112416 on the grand arena shop but we have tia for sure about halfway to 300 so this will take +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00145-00112416-00113208 still a long time alvin are we really cannot root at this moment dorian we cannot would just +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00146-00113208-00113752 write chests here is we can we can and i've been doing this a lot a lot so that's why +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00147-00113856-00114680 it's gone far although i'm not using huge at this moment but i plan to uh but still we are at about +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00148-00114680-00115368 halfway so it's it's one option like here right so you're gonna as i said already maxed to six stars +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00149-00115464-00116064 then we have cornelius cornelius cornelius well you can can get him from the shops so +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00150-00116183-00116840 yeah would kind of avoid putting those resources in here unless you that are desperate then we +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00151-00116840-00117352 have also very interesting options here we have envari which i showed on the other shop and those +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00152-00117352-00118183 are a bit more expensive to get we have martin she doesn't have also loot or shop so we have +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00153-00118248-00119232 pobus which i'm actually using sometimes might wait as well oh yeah there we go i want so crap +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00154-00119232-00119992 items where we got them sold um but that might not be the one that i want to put those resources +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00155-00119992-00120624 and then we have isaac and for the future might be an option and also you cannot get him uh that easy +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00156-00120624-00121472 so in my vision it would be mostly martha marta so maybe not now isaac maybe not now +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00157-00121472-00122192 phobos but maybe martha maybe anthony and maybe he'll use and maybe tear so that's the options +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00158-00122248-00122696 um now given the options these options so we see that we have +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00159-00122696-00123232 about half progress done here oh yes we are also have dorian of course we have dorian +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00160-00123232-00124304 with and i might also add we have also alvinar it's another option so tia elvenar dorian hilus +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00161-00124535-00125128 and vari and martin and then for the further down eyes i can invoke so it's a lot of +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00162-00125232-00125968 heroes to think about and and let's not check what would be actually and this is the exercise +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00163-00125968-00126600 you could be doing at your your home for your your teams what would be the the most immediate benefit +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00164-00126600-00127200 so looking at this and looking at what also i have in reserve here so i can also swap here +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00165-00127320-00127935 uh it will use and martha and cornelius and phobos is actually out of the team +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00166-00128072-00128672 um but these are the ones that i have selected at the moment uh in my third team and then +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00167-00128672-00129456 here we have tia i also mentioned already maya sorry heidi and and nasser but we have tia here +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00168-00129535-00130128 and she's on the second team so she's definitely one of the the heroes i should be focusing to +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00169-00130128-00130776 get my second team a bit a bit stronger but also we uh we have also the the very nice options of +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00170-00130776-00131632 of alvinar and dorian so comparing these three so the most immediate visible benefits the ones +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00171-00131632-00132400 already on the team so darwin gives me a vampirism it goes well with almost everything you know only +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00172-00132528-00133600 only very um slow damaging but then mass damaging heroes like satori or the twins +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00173-00133688-00134448 they don't really benefit much from from from darwin because they will do a mass damage on one +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00174-00134448-00135208 one hit after charging up for a long time so dorian will not help them a lot the +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00175-00135208-00136488 dorian will help a lot fast hitting eye damaging heroes like kira like uh jewish mahel and heidi +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00176-00136488-00137168 even there those are the orient goes very well with aryan those are some of the the the heroes +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00177-00137168-00137712 that will benefit the most from dorian also yasmin won't benefit a lot from from darwin because +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00178-00137912-00138280 she will jump she will hit the enemy and then she will apply +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00179-00138280-00138752 the the poison i'm not sure the poison counts for vampirism but even if it does +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00180-00138752-00139352 she also takes that time to jump she needs to take damage she needs to do to dodging she +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00181-00139352-00139968 needs to uh to score some some attacks to then be able to jump and she also takes some time +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00182-00139968-00140608 to do that not as much as satori i believe but still some sometime like mid mid mid-range timer +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00183-00140680-00141584 i would say between orion and andar and satori and and yasmin i think she's in the middle so +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00184-00141736-00142608 that's an option can this team benefit from from darian um not as much not as much you know +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00185-00142608-00143512 uh alvin are yeah rufus maybe my uh i guess but she will do pretty damage and i'm not sure this +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00186-00143512-00144416 this counts yoga not really but can can dorian help heidi team for sure you know aurora and +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00187-00144416-00145016 dante or those two would benefit greatly and uh and if heidi and her damage also work then +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00188-00145016-00145664 yeah sure uh what else we have elvenar what does elvenar do elvenar puts this physical shield +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00189-00145752-00146520 that blocks physical damage i believe that's that's the best description we can look in +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00190-00146520-00147288 here to confirm because keep confusing mobile with the with the browser version so he absorbs +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00191-00147456-00148104 basic attacks which normally are physical damage but as celeste also does um +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00192-00148232-00148904 a basic attack but it's not physical it's magic so she probably gets uh affected by this +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00193-00149000-00149528 and then you know he increases magic defense i mean he decreases magic defense on the on +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00194-00149528-00150152 the opponents and then he has these two skills for you know this one for healing and this one +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00195-00150152-00150920 to boost the um get that that other shield so it is an option to fight against mostly +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00196-00150984-00151728 physical teams and that's why that's why i kept him here because um not only is a great healer but +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00197-00151728-00152256 he blocks physical and then you can you know mix him up with with rufus and you're blocking magic +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00198-00152256-00152912 and you're blocking physical you know that's an option and this team surprisingly does win um +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00199-00152912-00154112 some matches and we see here that um exactly we want here in this case uh let's see we also won in +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00200-00154112-00154744 this case you know the opponents and they tried to to outsmart me and didn't get to that point there +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00201-00154824-00155688 but they tried to outsmart me thinking that my third team is is scrap but then they get surprised +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00202-00155792-00156208 in here again and sometimes i also surprise myself and i win with the +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00203-00156416-00157088 with the third team as you can see there also one there so it's actually playing quite well +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00204-00157088-00157616 and then i also boost the healing with the with the oliver pants so i'm getting getting +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00205-00157616-00158064 any much too much in the in details and then we have tia which does um +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00206-00158328-00159032 thea does healing she speeds up your your your uh your heroes when they reach a certain +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00207-00159032-00159800 amount of lower health and then she also um she also applies the blind or no it's +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00208-00160056-00160680 i'm not sure it's called blind but it's the the debuff that prevents magic users from attacking +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00209-00160680-00161480 it's a vowel of silence so silencing not blinding binding is for physical silencing is for magic +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00210-00161480-00162120 for three seconds they cannot use their attacks their special attacks magic attacks so uh yeah +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00211-00162120-00162744 which one which one which one so all three would be good but the most useful at this moment would +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00212-00162744-00163488 be either elvenar or taped probably tear so i guess i can get here 150 souls so three times 50 +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00213-00163616-00164600 and maybe i can get here uh another 150 so well maybe even the 200s i will be wasting a little bit +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00214-00164600-00165352 but uh you know it's not easy to get these these souls so i think that's the plan +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00215-00165352-00166048 so let's start opening things we're gonna get here ah wait we have we have only five +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00216-00166048-00167120 of these so the math the math so let's do this we here we open here 100 for elvenar and we open +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00217-00167432-00167736 40 i think this is the better option looking +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00218-00167736-00168344 for tia she's one of the older heroes so just go in here and select so one +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00219-00168664-00168720 and two +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00220-00169000-00169216 and this one +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00221-00169520-00169848 and three for tear so we should now have +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00222-00169944-00170768 close to 300 souls for tia we should have 100 more souls for elvenar so 206 +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00223-00170768-00171752 and i think yes i would say we open either two of these or one of these yeah to make +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00224-00172048-00172512 a little more than 300 and we when we are done with governor i guess +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00225-00172608-00173272 we don't know when we will get another event so yeah i'll do this so another 100 for alvin are +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00226-00173464-00173976 there we go i'm actually quite happy with elvenar although although i'm not really +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00227-00173976-00174720 putting much effort into oven right at this point so i left him at orange rank now we get him to +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00228-00174776-00176136 six stars we have gold so for 3.5 k increase power increase or so and until she will be in +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00229-00176136-00176696 the same stage as the other as the other heroes we mentioned all asteroth and heidi and just +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00230-00176696-00177448 a few souls from getting also to six stars so the overall view is much nicer now +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00231-00177536-00178176 so six stars here so now we have three here with six stars close to be another three heroes +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00232-00178176-00178880 at six stars leaving now dardian and rufus and then the other bunch of people i have in there +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00233-00179000-00180208 to do gradual upgrades let's see this and now we are 300 300 souls short of the target um and +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00234-00180208-00181048 this is where i will stop and i will resume this this planning in my head over the next days as i +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00235-00181048-00181608 progress in the event i see what else i can get but we can do some calculations here imagine +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00236-00181608-00182744 we can get um minimum um 500 oh or you have 500 so i can get another one 500 um arena coin zero day +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00237-00182744-00183600 maybe one thousand so that's ten souls ten ten one thousand ten souls uh maybe maybe here get +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00238-00183776-00184464 you get also one thousand so that's another tennis souls i'm gonna get no marcus and then we can get +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00239-00184464-00185264 another one thousand here there's thirty something more so 30 souls in total 10 20 30. um i'm not +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00240-00185264-00186144 going to consider these soul because you know this is completely variant variable and then and then i +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00241-00186144-00186984 think we can get another 1000 here every day so 40 souls so there you go at 40 a day easy easy to get +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00242-00186984-00187592 so so i'm not counting this because these are more valuable for totems and not counting these because +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00243-00187592-00188496 these are more valuable for these kingstones but at 40 a day with four more days i expect to get +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00244-00188696-00189408 160 right and now we are at 6 84 +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00245-00189648-00190448 meaning i can get till the end of the event in easy ways 800 you know already spent the +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00246-00190448-00191408 stuff you saw but um can get up to 844 so i will need to come up with a plan to get another 150 +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00247-00191504-00192288 now probably that plan will be spending you know it hurts but spending one of these um +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00248-00192520-00192896 into into the the soul stone chest here for another 100 +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00249-00193000-00193456 so that's definitely one plan and then they may be spinning these other two i don't know we'll +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00250-00193456-00194128 see about in this case just one we'll see about it i still can get some songs from the campaign but +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00251-00194248-00195224 i don't think i'll get that many now taking a look at the the web account so the web account +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00252-00195224-00195848 i think is in a bit better shape because we have a bit more resources accumulated +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00253-00196016-00196608 as a search you know we did the same kind of things here you know getting the things that we +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00254-00196608-00197776 need the most uh still getting rufus this account and basically just about the same copy paste and +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00255-00198016-00198704 we we still have dolls to open here as well and and we have a bit more of these chests and our +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00256-00198704-00199216 progress is about the same as in the other account so in the other account we have we had 212 and now +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00257-00199216-00200352 we we have here 239 so let's quickly open these things up yeah when we get we do get also artifact +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00258-00200352-00200952 pieces for four heroes here on the on the dolls some gold in there as well +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00259-00201208-00201936 so these are i think those are quite quite better on mobile i have this impression +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00260-00201936-00202168 and probably i'm probably right about this +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00261-00202272-00203000 i think we get a lot more souls on on mobile with these dolls so those are gone already quick +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00262-00203072-00203816 much quicker than on on the facebook account that i just opened uh we'll also open a bunch of these +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00263-00204032-00204952 for no particular reason i guess that's enough and then we have the demon dolls and we got some +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00264-00204952-00205984 slice there you saw i was too quick but uh we did get some some celeste and a few more there +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00265-00206136-00206480 and that's that's it +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00266-00206864-00208784 so 239 the yeah roughly 52 souls 291 minus 239 52 exactly meaning we need we need um +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00267-00209048-00209448 i mean just close to 700 souls quite easy +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00268-00209840-00210544 so again the plan so i'm gonna take a look first at the grand arena and we can see here that um +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00269-00210623-00211264 asteroth is already done but we have lagging there we have lagging isaac and isaac is being used in +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00270-00211264-00211960 this account we have uh also lagging the twins because i decided to do the twins on this account +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00271-00211960-00212584 um not too long ago like a few months ago like maybe four months ago i decided to do +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00272-00212584-00213304 this three months something like that and i'm starting to get good results with them +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00273-00213408-00214016 and then we have elvenar again and we have june so uh sorry not true rufus rufus is not really the +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00274-00214144-00214719 better option here but isaac would be definitely tail would be elvenar again and then we have the +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00275-00214719-00215223 twins which we can get from the from the campaign that's where i've been getting them mostly +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00276-00215344-00215888 but it's still a long way to go uh i guess the best way would be just to go in here +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00277-00216032-00216856 let's see one by one one by one uh tia needing 220 souls so definitely we can speed this up +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00278-00216856-00217871 by getting 100 more and lars is also about half we have isaac quite far from the 300s +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00279-00217992-00218744 so rufus does not count here but he's far behind then we have crist about half as well and we have +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00280-00218744-00219448 alvinar also quite far behind then we also have his reference we have cornelius here approaching +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00281-00219504-00220480 he'll use about half and marta also far behind and then we have as well andvari all right so picking +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00282-00220480-00221304 the ones that we need now this will be definitely elvenar isaac and tia should focus on this also +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00283-00221304-00221880 the twins but it means they are progressing so well these ones would be i mean twins +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00284-00221976-00222808 twins versus there's a certain aspect here i can get much more souls for the twins they leave +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00285-00222808-00223408 or in events because i need their items the items that they have you know on the campaign +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00286-00223640-00224319 so lars can get the light of distance stars and you know these are pun +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00287-00224480-00225328 trident thing and here the asclepius and in here i can't respect everybody needs i can represent +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00288-00225504-00226360 so i always go in there that's why he's speeding up very fast although i only started +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00289-00226360-00227032 a few months ago uh and in in crystal we have here the spheres and these things that's not so useful +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00290-00227104-00227960 not so much you need rules globals but the spheres are and these ones and and also this one so these +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00291-00227960-00228816 are all items any of them i need so i just go in there all the time so probably i will get +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00292-00229000-00229936 lars and crystal done um in a short time of period like another one month or two months maximum +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00293-00230119-00230767 and if i wouldn't have an event to get these souls right now uh they will be done faster +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00294-00230767-00231416 than isaac and also so you can guess what i will be putting resources oven or isaac and then also +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00295-00231552-00231784 all right so we needed about 700 right +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00296-00232064-00232800 700 all right let's start opening and the first one we should check this properly +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00297-00232912-00233704 so i think elvenar and isaac they were uh like 70 each out of 300 isaac 78 +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00298-00233767-00234808 and elvenar 77 all right so we start by getting uh 100 for each 100 +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00299-00235192-00235848 100 for eisen all right now we also have this one here it's the same +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00300-00235848-00236784 with different item but it's the same result and we can get uh i guess isaac first let's see +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00301-00237152-00237552 yeah i think isaac first you know for my second team we'll get isaac +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00302-00238016-00238952 so isaac all right so we should add we should have now 300 more souls meaning we need +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00303-00239016-00240119 another 400 souls or so and we can put a ceiling in this like don't get more than 300 out of +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00304-00240119-00240719 out of this 400 now and we see the next days how we can get the rest and so we still have +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00305-00240776-00241400 six to open here and 6 times 50 that's the +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00306-00241608-00241776 600 and no oh +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00307-00241919-00242984 300 what am i doing in my head 300 so i guess i'll be opening five of the six for four of the six +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00308-00243416-00244016 i guess i guess um probably won't have enough for all of them so we can we can start picking +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00309-00244232-00244760 we can start picking so i'll pick isaac first and this will finish +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00310-00244760-00245752 isaac so get isaac upgrade isaac evolve +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00311-00246232-00247552 3k advancement or so and in the merchant we get this all right and now half an hour +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00312-00247767-00249032 so alvinar is about half and here is about half which one do i need the most probably tia which +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00313-00249032-00250064 one is harder to get it's avenue can i swap alvin or for tia in some fights sure so we get elvenar +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00314-00250296-00250936 that's that's um it's just that huh i think governor is a better healer than he actually +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00315-00251023-00251664 but you know depends if he's on a health team and the health team is very limited on the web on the +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00316-00251664-00252880 browser versions is more appropriate on the mobile version but we need to get 230 souls so yeah we +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00317-00252880-00253864 don't have enough if i want to save some of these we don't have enough but let's start so that's +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00318-00254264-00254328 and that's +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00319-00254536-00255784 150 of an hour oh did i pass did i calculate i might have +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00320-00256008-00256904 maybe not well 3k advancement and let's see what did i do what did i do no no it's okay +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00321-00256904-00257671 so i spent exactly what i needed now there's an extra surprise there 27 out of 50 +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00322-00257744-00258264 but i don't want to wait an eternity for getting our soul so now we have +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00323-00258440-00259328 we have elvenar and we have isaac finally yay at six stars and left to do is tear +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00324-00259328-00260392 and then the twins and the entire is the artist as i spoke of this tree because only one useful item +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00325-00260392-00261160 and not really because i already have you know bunch of these that i don't really need don't +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00326-00261160-00262432 use a few few heroes require this so the other things are crap so yeah rather spend energy on +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00327-00262432-00263168 large increased emissions and in here use these type of things and i have still two left +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00328-00263272-00263984 so i'll advance one more then i'll save the other one and see how it goes in the rest +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00329-00264216-00264968 these last days so we advance to about the same as in the other account so in the other count we were +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00330-00265128-00266216 let's check +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00331-00266216-00267320 um yeah we put some stuff in here and now we are about 15 souls of the objective +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00332-00267320-00268232 and in here we are at 684 still lagging a lot behind and on the other account we got distracted +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00333-00268400-00269008 that wasn't part of a plan so we advanced a bit more than needed and now we are at eight +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00334-00269064-00270056 841 i guess at this point i will stop spending uh resources uh soul stone resources like that +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00335-00270160-00270856 and focusing on getting focusing on getting uh stuff from the merchants from the campaign but +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00336-00270856-00271424 just enough to get to the point and then we stop uh and our progress also you know it's a bit +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00337-00271424-00272232 behind the other one 50 souls behind but it's not not too far i guess all right that's um +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00338-00272392-00272736 that's about it i guess that's nothing else to to talk about +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00339-00272880-00273776 to talk about here we have we have a nice advancement um oh we can we can actually see +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00340-00273880-00274760 how many how many of these honey did i collect so i collected a bunch more of course then you can +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00341-00274760-00275312 press these buttons to get something out of this hopefully you'll get some of those +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00342-00275608-00276520 honey hexagon summer festival coins hopefully you can get some of these yeah one there so that +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00343-00276520-00277072 you can then swap these for for items or for whatever you need out of those things in there +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00344-00277152-00277440 uh i would wish i could get like at least six +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00345-00277608-00278392 six of those coins in each account i only have five so far i guess one more would make me happy +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00346-00278392-00279128 and then we'll see but i think in the past i've gotten i've got enough up to 10 in +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00347-00279128-00279552 one of the accounts and the other like eight so it would be cool to get as much +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00348-00279712-00280288 as as in previous events in one previous event because this is one time a year and this account +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00349-00280288-00281584 is it's not that old all right uh yay one two nice so one account five the other four nice well +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00350-00281736-00282496 that's it uh i hope you enjoyed this i hope you took uh something useful out of this and +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00351-00282496-00283312 that this will help you decide what what what to do and how to do your strategy to get the +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00352-00283312-00283696 souls you know we only cover one of the missions there are other there's other missions there's +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00353-00283888-00284568 you can also quickly look at that but but you know this this will you know this will +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00354-00284568-00285328 some of these will be difficult uh i think this is usually one of those that or the one that is +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00355-00285328-00286016 um easier to do on the long term because if you manage your resources well and save up all those +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00356-00286016-00286664 chests and dolls and things then you can have uh an advantage over this this quest and and +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00357-00286720-00287256 get the most out of it with little effort like like we did now we only spent things that i had +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00358-00287256-00287968 accumulated and banned we got we got progress well advanced on both accounts especially on the +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00359-00287968-00288672 the web account uh but you know they also have these arena ones these are easy you know but +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00360-00288672-00289408 you want to get you so much far only this amount of honey is not that much uh +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00361-00289408-00289960 and in here you always get this one at the end if you he managed to get to 1000 then +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00362-00289960-00290432 you have this one which is about finishing all the other quests and x number of times +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00363-00290552-00291280 now you have all lands but means you need to either do increasingly more difficult fights in +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00364-00291280-00292176 outland or spending emeralds energy at some point you can progress for free but then or at very +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00365-00292176-00292808 cheap amount of in-game resources without spending money like i'm doing and i don't recharge emeralds +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00366-00292912-00293560 um but then it will be increasingly difficult like eight times eighteen thousand it's a lot +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00367-00293720-00294000 uh of course spending emeralds which can go +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00368-00294056-00295112 almost infinite 6 65 000 for me it's almost infinite and this is um i guess vip status +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00369-00295192-00295744 and this is every day so you know you have some things to work on there but i think the +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00370-00295848-00296400 the ones that are easier are energy and life of the party and life of the party if you do things +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00371-00296400-00297456 well you can just do it do it without spending any any any any money oh i'll see you around take +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00372-00297456-00298272 care um leave a comment leave a like and then like and subscribe you know what you want to do nothing +ZhqWlTX8lR8-00373-00298272-00299144 if you don't want to do anything um but i hope to see you somewhere out there alright bye bye +Zk9tUyfAndY-00000-00000158-00000654 Two critical Seattle Public Schools levies are on the February 12th, 2019 +Zk9tUyfAndY-00001-00000654-00001088 ballot for renewal. The district's Educational Programs and Operations Levy +Zk9tUyfAndY-00002-00001088-00001620 and Building Excellence 5 Capital Levy or BEX 5. The BEX 5 levy +Zk9tUyfAndY-00003-00001620-00001972 will replace or modernize eight aging schools. +Zk9tUyfAndY-00004-00001988-00002228 We serve pre-k through 5th grade +Zk9tUyfAndY-00005-00002228-00002568 and we believe in a really holistic educational approach. +Zk9tUyfAndY-00006-00002596-00002710 Being right here at +Zk9tUyfAndY-00007-00002710-00003147 Carkeek Park is is really amazing because a big focus of our curriculum is +Zk9tUyfAndY-00008-00003147-00003390 around environmental learning. +Zk9tUyfAndY-00009-00003390-00003729 So here you will see our outdoor hallways which +Zk9tUyfAndY-00010-00003729-00004204 create some challenges especially given our educational approach and our belief +Zk9tUyfAndY-00011-00004204-00004388 in student learning. +Zk9tUyfAndY-00012-00004388-00004611 Half of our classrooms are in portable +Zk9tUyfAndY-00013-00004611-00005070 spaces they're in various conditions, some are newer some are older, and +Zk9tUyfAndY-00014-00005070-00005420 especially temperature control it can get really really hot. +Zk9tUyfAndY-00015-00005420-00005623 This is our shared +Zk9tUyfAndY-00016-00005623-00005984 gymnasium cafeteria auditorium. +Zk9tUyfAndY-00017-00005984-00006228 We get creative and the kids, the kids +Zk9tUyfAndY-00018-00006228-00006444 are great. You probably couldn't even tell them that they don't have a gym. +Zk9tUyfAndY-00019-00006444-00007050 They know they have a gym and they do the best they can with it, but I think that they deserve their own space. +Zk9tUyfAndY-00020-00007050-00007688 It'd be really nice if we had some circular driveway that came off of 3rd Avenue that would allow +Zk9tUyfAndY-00021-00007688-00008430 parents to exit the busy street and drop off students at a safe load and unload zone. +Zk9tUyfAndY-00022-00008480-00009044 If we had a new school it would mean the world. We know that this school is a big part of +Zk9tUyfAndY-00023-00009044-00009508 our community and we feel like our community deserves the best in Seattle. +ZmtX4gchGpu-00000-00000104-00000279 - Life before surgery entailed pain +ZmtX4gchGpu-00001-00000279-00000517 that increased with time. +ZmtX4gchGpu-00002-00000517-00000829 Everything I tried only worked for a little +ZmtX4gchGpu-00003-00000829-00001071 and then pain would come back and would come back even more. +ZmtX4gchGpu-00004-00001355-00001543 I'm big into the outdoors. +ZmtX4gchGpu-00005-00001543-00001843 I like to hike. I like to mountaineer. +ZmtX4gchGpu-00006-00001843-00002331 I like to rock climb. I like to bicycle, kayak. +ZmtX4gchGpu-00007-00002331-00002606 Anything that has adventure, I'm in for it. +ZmtX4gchGpu-00008-00002606-00002752 But as time moved on, +ZmtX4gchGpu-00009-00002752-00003086 the pain kept coming back sooner and sooner. +ZmtX4gchGpu-00010-00003086-00003249 I couldn't do my hiking anymore. +ZmtX4gchGpu-00011-00003249-00003545 I couldn't do my kayaking anymore. +ZmtX4gchGpu-00012-00003545-00003661 Life was not worth it +ZmtX4gchGpu-00013-00003661-00003899 if I couldn't do the things I loved. +ZmtX4gchGpu-00014-00003899-00004175 So surgery for me was no-brainer. +ZmtX4gchGpu-00015-00004175-00004354 So I decided to look for a good neurosurgeon +ZmtX4gchGpu-00016-00004354-00004775 and my cousin suggested Dr. Dante from Virtua. +ZmtX4gchGpu-00017-00004775-00004938 Immediately after I met him, +ZmtX4gchGpu-00018-00004938-00005080 I knew he was the surgeon for me. +ZmtX4gchGpu-00019-00005080-00005246 - Mike was a very active person. +ZmtX4gchGpu-00020-00005246-00005472 He was doing a lot of athletic activity +ZmtX4gchGpu-00021-00005472-00005797 and had some wear and tear on his back and joints, +ZmtX4gchGpu-00022-00005797-00006031 and he was just being more and more disabled +ZmtX4gchGpu-00023-00006031-00006185 by chronic pain. +ZmtX4gchGpu-00024-00006185-00006339 The problem for Mike is trying to identify +ZmtX4gchGpu-00025-00006339-00006502 where the pain was coming from. +ZmtX4gchGpu-00026-00006502-00006765 He had been through various evaluations +ZmtX4gchGpu-00027-00006765-00006952 trying to decide was it a hip problem +ZmtX4gchGpu-00028-00006952-00007207 or a knee problem and then we finally determined +ZmtX4gchGpu-00029-00007207-00007382 that he was having some spinal stenosis +ZmtX4gchGpu-00030-00007382-00007549 that was causing nerve compression. +ZmtX4gchGpu-00031-00007549-00007853 He needed surgery that had some complexity to it. +ZmtX4gchGpu-00032-00007853-00008087 We talked about the fact that we could provide the surgery +ZmtX4gchGpu-00033-00008087-00008470 with a team of people at Memorial Hospital at Virtua +ZmtX4gchGpu-00034-00008470-00008692 who were really experienced with spinal operations, +ZmtX4gchGpu-00035-00008692-00008854 even these complex surgeries. +ZmtX4gchGpu-00036-00008854-00008971 - It worked out perfectly for me +ZmtX4gchGpu-00037-00008971-00009230 because I was able to have my surgery done +ZmtX4gchGpu-00038-00009230-00009576 in south Jersey in a local hospital, +ZmtX4gchGpu-00039-00009576-00009780 a great hospital, Virtua Memorial. +ZmtX4gchGpu-00040-00009780-00009930 I had my Penn doctor. +ZmtX4gchGpu-00041-00009930-00010076 I couldn't ask for anything more. +ZmtX4gchGpu-00042-00010076-00010306 - I think Mike is an example of how well we can provide +ZmtX4gchGpu-00043-00010306-00010639 surgery in New Jersey through the Virtua system +ZmtX4gchGpu-00044-00010639-00010794 and get patients back where they want to be +ZmtX4gchGpu-00045-00010794-00011036 in terms of a very active, functional lifestyle. +ZmtX4gchGpu-00046-00011036-00011223 - Everything went beautiful. +ZmtX4gchGpu-00047-00011223-00011390 Beautiful to the point that six months, +ZmtX4gchGpu-00048-00011390-00011661 exactly six months from the day he did surgery, +ZmtX4gchGpu-00049-00011661-00011836 I was skiing black diamond bump runs +ZmtX4gchGpu-00050-00011836-00012024 out in British Columbia. +ZmtX4gchGpu-00051-00012466-00012737 [birds chirping] +ZnYhUpeUKk4-00000-00000010-00000440 ON OUR WEBSITE AT LPTV.ORG BACK +ZnYhUpeUKk4-00001-00000440-00000447 ON OUR WEBSITE AT LPTV.ORG BACK +ZnYhUpeUKk4-00002-00000447-00000557 ON OUR WEBSITE AT LPTV.ORG BACK SLASH NEWS. +ZnYhUpeUKk4-00003-00000557-00000563 ON OUR WEBSITE AT LPTV.ORG BACK SLASH NEWS. +ZnYhUpeUKk4-00004-00000563-00000720 ON OUR WEBSITE AT LPTV.ORG BACK SLASH NEWS. >>> HEALTH OFFICIALS SAY THE FLU +ZnYhUpeUKk4-00005-00000720-00000727 SLASH NEWS. >>> HEALTH OFFICIALS SAY THE FLU +ZnYhUpeUKk4-00006-00000727-00000850 SLASH NEWS. >>> HEALTH OFFICIALS SAY THE FLU IS NOW WIDESPREAD ACROSS +ZnYhUpeUKk4-00007-00000850-00000857 >>> HEALTH OFFICIALS SAY THE FLU IS NOW WIDESPREAD ACROSS +ZnYhUpeUKk4-00008-00000857-00000910 >>> HEALTH OFFICIALS SAY THE FLU IS NOW WIDESPREAD ACROSS MINNESOTA. +ZnYhUpeUKk4-00009-00000910-00000917 IS NOW WIDESPREAD ACROSS MINNESOTA. +ZnYhUpeUKk4-00010-00000917-00001041 IS NOW WIDESPREAD ACROSS MINNESOTA. 172 PEOPLE WERE HOSPITALIZED +ZnYhUpeUKk4-00011-00001041-00001047 MINNESOTA. 172 PEOPLE WERE HOSPITALIZED +ZnYhUpeUKk4-00012-00001047-00001287 MINNESOTA. 172 PEOPLE WERE HOSPITALIZED WITH INFLUENZA BETWEEN DECEMBER +ZnYhUpeUKk4-00013-00001287-00001294 172 PEOPLE WERE HOSPITALIZED WITH INFLUENZA BETWEEN DECEMBER +ZnYhUpeUKk4-00014-00001294-00001438 172 PEOPLE WERE HOSPITALIZED WITH INFLUENZA BETWEEN DECEMBER 16TH AND DECEMBER 23RD. +ZnYhUpeUKk4-00015-00001438-00001444 WITH INFLUENZA BETWEEN DECEMBER 16TH AND DECEMBER 23RD. +ZnYhUpeUKk4-00016-00001444-00001691 WITH INFLUENZA BETWEEN DECEMBER 16TH AND DECEMBER 23RD. THAT'S THE MOST FOR THAT WEEK +ZnYhUpeUKk4-00017-00001691-00001698 16TH AND DECEMBER 23RD. THAT'S THE MOST FOR THAT WEEK +ZnYhUpeUKk4-00018-00001698-00001918 16TH AND DECEMBER 23RD. THAT'S THE MOST FOR THAT WEEK SINCE 2014. +ZnYhUpeUKk4-00019-00001918-00001925 THAT'S THE MOST FOR THAT WEEK SINCE 2014. +ZnYhUpeUKk4-00020-00001925-00002025 THAT'S THE MOST FOR THAT WEEK SINCE 2014. 585 PEOPLE HAD BEEN HOSPITALIZED +ZnYhUpeUKk4-00021-00002025-00002032 SINCE 2014. 585 PEOPLE HAD BEEN HOSPITALIZED +ZnYhUpeUKk4-00022-00002032-00002168 SINCE 2014. 585 PEOPLE HAD BEEN HOSPITALIZED IN ALL FOR THE FLU AS OF +ZnYhUpeUKk4-00023-00002168-00002175 585 PEOPLE HAD BEEN HOSPITALIZED IN ALL FOR THE FLU AS OF +ZnYhUpeUKk4-00024-00002175-00002262 585 PEOPLE HAD BEEN HOSPITALIZED IN ALL FOR THE FLU AS OF DECEMBER 23RD. +ZnYhUpeUKk4-00025-00002262-00002268 IN ALL FOR THE FLU AS OF DECEMBER 23RD. +ZnYhUpeUKk4-00026-00002268-00002429 IN ALL FOR THE FLU AS OF DECEMBER 23RD. IF YOU HAVEN'T BEEN HIT YET, +ZnYhUpeUKk4-00027-00002429-00002435 DECEMBER 23RD. IF YOU HAVEN'T BEEN HIT YET, +ZnYhUpeUKk4-00028-00002435-00002612 DECEMBER 23RD. IF YOU HAVEN'T BEEN HIT YET, THERE ARE SOME WAYS YOU CAN TRY +ZnYhUpeUKk4-00029-00002612-00002619 IF YOU HAVEN'T BEEN HIT YET, THERE ARE SOME WAYS YOU CAN TRY +ZnYhUpeUKk4-00030-00002619-00002839 IF YOU HAVEN'T BEEN HIT YET, THERE ARE SOME WAYS YOU CAN TRY TO AVOID IT. +ZnYhUpeUKk4-00031-00002839-00002846 THERE ARE SOME WAYS YOU CAN TRY TO AVOID IT. +ZnYhUpeUKk4-00032-00002846-00003026 THERE ARE SOME WAYS YOU CAN TRY TO AVOID IT. >> BEST WAY TO AVOID THE FLU IS +ZnYhUpeUKk4-00033-00003026-00003033 TO AVOID IT. >> BEST WAY TO AVOID THE FLU IS +ZnYhUpeUKk4-00034-00003033-00003236 TO AVOID IT. >> BEST WAY TO AVOID THE FLU IS TO WASH YOUR HANDS ON A REGULAR +ZnYhUpeUKk4-00035-00003236-00003243 >> BEST WAY TO AVOID THE FLU IS TO WASH YOUR HANDS ON A REGULAR +ZnYhUpeUKk4-00036-00003243-00003466 >> BEST WAY TO AVOID THE FLU IS TO WASH YOUR HANDS ON A REGULAR BASIS, TO AVOID COMING IN CLOSE +ZnYhUpeUKk4-00037-00003466-00003473 TO WASH YOUR HANDS ON A REGULAR BASIS, TO AVOID COMING IN CLOSE +ZnYhUpeUKk4-00038-00003473-00003586 TO WASH YOUR HANDS ON A REGULAR BASIS, TO AVOID COMING IN CLOSE CONTACT WITH OTHER PATIENTS WHO +ZnYhUpeUKk4-00039-00003586-00003593 BASIS, TO AVOID COMING IN CLOSE CONTACT WITH OTHER PATIENTS WHO +ZnYhUpeUKk4-00040-00003593-00003870 BASIS, TO AVOID COMING IN CLOSE CONTACT WITH OTHER PATIENTS WHO HAVE A FLU-LIKE ILLNESS. +ZnYhUpeUKk4-00041-00003870-00003877 CONTACT WITH OTHER PATIENTS WHO HAVE A FLU-LIKE ILLNESS. +ZnYhUpeUKk4-00042-00003877-00003983 CONTACT WITH OTHER PATIENTS WHO HAVE A FLU-LIKE ILLNESS. GETTING YOUR FLU SHOT IS +ZnYhUpeUKk4-00043-00003983-00003990 HAVE A FLU-LIKE ILLNESS. GETTING YOUR FLU SHOT IS +ZnYhUpeUKk4-00044-00003990-00004224 HAVE A FLU-LIKE ILLNESS. GETTING YOUR FLU SHOT IS PROBABLY THE MOST IMPORTANT +ZnYhUpeUKk4-00045-00004224-00004230 GETTING YOUR FLU SHOT IS PROBABLY THE MOST IMPORTANT +ZnYhUpeUKk4-00046-00004230-00004334 GETTING YOUR FLU SHOT IS PROBABLY THE MOST IMPORTANT THING. +ZnYhUpeUKk4-00047-00004334-00004340 PROBABLY THE MOST IMPORTANT THING. +ZnYhUpeUKk4-00048-00004340-00004464 PROBABLY THE MOST IMPORTANT THING. YOU OFTEN HEAR SOME INFORMATION +ZnYhUpeUKk4-00049-00004464-00004471 THING. YOU OFTEN HEAR SOME INFORMATION +ZnYhUpeUKk4-00050-00004471-00004564 THING. YOU OFTEN HEAR SOME INFORMATION THE FLU SHOT MAY NOT WORK THIS +ZnYhUpeUKk4-00051-00004564-00004571 YOU OFTEN HEAR SOME INFORMATION THE FLU SHOT MAY NOT WORK THIS +ZnYhUpeUKk4-00052-00004571-00004601 YOU OFTEN HEAR SOME INFORMATION THE FLU SHOT MAY NOT WORK THIS YEAR. +ZnYhUpeUKk4-00053-00004601-00004607 THE FLU SHOT MAY NOT WORK THIS YEAR. +ZnYhUpeUKk4-00054-00004607-00004711 THE FLU SHOT MAY NOT WORK THIS YEAR. THAT'S UNTRUE. +ZnYhUpeUKk4-00055-00004711-00004718 YEAR. THAT'S UNTRUE. +ZnYhUpeUKk4-00056-00004718-00004868 YEAR. THAT'S UNTRUE. THE FLU SHOT IS ALWAYS YOUR BEST +ZnYhUpeUKk4-00057-00004868-00004874 THAT'S UNTRUE. THE FLU SHOT IS ALWAYS YOUR BEST +ZnYhUpeUKk4-00058-00004874-00004908 THAT'S UNTRUE. THE FLU SHOT IS ALWAYS YOUR BEST PROTECTION. +ZnYhUpeUKk4-00059-00004908-00004914 THE FLU SHOT IS ALWAYS YOUR BEST PROTECTION. +ZnYhUpeUKk4-00060-00004914-00005145 THE FLU SHOT IS ALWAYS YOUR BEST PROTECTION. >> MOST OF THE FLU CASES INVOLVE +ZnYhUpeUKk4-00061-00005145-00005151 PROTECTION. >> MOST OF THE FLU CASES INVOLVE +ZnYhUpeUKk4-00062-00005151-00005438 PROTECTION. >> MOST OF THE FLU CASES INVOLVE PEOPLE 65 YEARS OF AGE AND OLDER +ZnYhUpeUKk4-00063-00005438-00005445 >> MOST OF THE FLU CASES INVOLVE PEOPLE 65 YEARS OF AGE AND OLDER +ZnYhUpeUKk4-00064-00005445-00005565 >> MOST OF THE FLU CASES INVOLVE PEOPLE 65 YEARS OF AGE AND OLDER LIVING IN THE TWIN CITIES. +ZnYhUpeUKk4-00065-00005565-00005572 PEOPLE 65 YEARS OF AGE AND OLDER LIVING IN THE TWIN CITIES. +ZnYhUpeUKk4-00066-00005572-00005715 PEOPLE 65 YEARS OF AGE AND OLDER LIVING IN THE TWIN CITIES. NO PEDIATRIC FLU RELATED DEATHS +ZnYhUpeUKk4-00067-00005715-00005722 LIVING IN THE TWIN CITIES. NO PEDIATRIC FLU RELATED DEATHS +ZnYhUpeUKk4-00068-00005722-00005832 LIVING IN THE TWIN CITIES. NO PEDIATRIC FLU RELATED DEATHS HAVE BEEN REPORTED THIS YEAR. +ZnYhUpeUKk4-00069-00005832-00005839 NO PEDIATRIC FLU RELATED DEATHS HAVE BEEN REPORTED THIS YEAR. +ZnYhUpeUKk4-00070-00005839-00005969 NO PEDIATRIC FLU RELATED DEATHS HAVE BEEN REPORTED THIS YEAR. DOCTORS SAY THE TYPE OF FLU +ZnYhUpeUKk4-00071-00005969-00005975 HAVE BEEN REPORTED THIS YEAR. DOCTORS SAY THE TYPE OF FLU +ZnYhUpeUKk4-00072-00005975-00006196 HAVE BEEN REPORTED THIS YEAR. DOCTORS SAY THE TYPE OF FLU GOING AROUND THIS YEAR IS CALLED +ZnYhUpeUKk4-00073-00006196-00006202 DOCTORS SAY THE TYPE OF FLU GOING AROUND THIS YEAR IS CALLED +ZnYhUpeUKk4-00074-00006202-00006426 DOCTORS SAY THE TYPE OF FLU GOING AROUND THIS YEAR IS CALLED TYPE A INFLUENZA WITH A SUBTYPE +ZnYhUpeUKk4-00075-00006426-00006433 GOING AROUND THIS YEAR IS CALLED TYPE A INFLUENZA WITH A SUBTYPE +ZnYhUpeUKk4-00076-00006433-00006663 GOING AROUND THIS YEAR IS CALLED TYPE A INFLUENZA WITH A SUBTYPE OF H-3 WHICH IS ALL INCLUDED IN +ZnYhUpeUKk4-00077-00006663-00006669 TYPE A INFLUENZA WITH A SUBTYPE OF H-3 WHICH IS ALL INCLUDED IN +ZnYhUpeUKk4-00078-00006669-00006960 TYPE A INFLUENZA WITH A SUBTYPE OF H-3 WHICH IS ALL INCLUDED IN THE VACCINE THIS YEAR. +ZnYhUpeUKk4-00079-00006960-00006966 OF H-3 WHICH IS ALL INCLUDED IN THE VACCINE THIS YEAR. +ZnYhUpeUKk4-00080-00006966-00007280 OF H-3 WHICH IS ALL INCLUDED IN THE VACCINE THIS YEAR. >> SOME OF THE BASICS ARE TO +ZnYhUpeUKk4-00081-00007280-00007287 THE VACCINE THIS YEAR. >> SOME OF THE BASICS ARE TO +ZnYhUpeUKk4-00082-00007287-00007430 THE VACCINE THIS YEAR. >> SOME OF THE BASICS ARE TO PREVENT FURTHER CONTAGIONS SO +ZnYhUpeUKk4-00083-00007430-00007437 >> SOME OF THE BASICS ARE TO PREVENT FURTHER CONTAGIONS SO +ZnYhUpeUKk4-00084-00007437-00007680 >> SOME OF THE BASICS ARE TO PREVENT FURTHER CONTAGIONS SO ACTUALLY STAYING HOME AND +ZnYhUpeUKk4-00085-00007680-00007687 PREVENT FURTHER CONTAGIONS SO ACTUALLY STAYING HOME AND +ZnYhUpeUKk4-00086-00007687-00007904 PREVENT FURTHER CONTAGIONS SO ACTUALLY STAYING HOME AND STAYING OUT OF OTHER PATIENTS -- +ZnYhUpeUKk4-00087-00007904-00007911 ACTUALLY STAYING HOME AND STAYING OUT OF OTHER PATIENTS -- +ZnYhUpeUKk4-00088-00007911-00008124 ACTUALLY STAYING HOME AND STAYING OUT OF OTHER PATIENTS -- OTHER PEOPLE YOU COULD EXPOSE +ZnYhUpeUKk4-00089-00008124-00008131 STAYING OUT OF OTHER PATIENTS -- OTHER PEOPLE YOU COULD EXPOSE +ZnYhUpeUKk4-00090-00008131-00008178 STAYING OUT OF OTHER PATIENTS -- OTHER PEOPLE YOU COULD EXPOSE THE FLU TO. +ZnYhUpeUKk4-00091-00008178-00008184 OTHER PEOPLE YOU COULD EXPOSE THE FLU TO. +ZnYhUpeUKk4-00092-00008184-00008445 OTHER PEOPLE YOU COULD EXPOSE THE FLU TO. FOR SELF-CARE, IT IS OFTEN JUST +ZnYhUpeUKk4-00093-00008445-00008451 THE FLU TO. FOR SELF-CARE, IT IS OFTEN JUST +ZnYhUpeUKk4-00094-00008451-00008581 THE FLU TO. FOR SELF-CARE, IT IS OFTEN JUST TYLENOL OR IBUPROFEN FOR A FEVER +ZnYhUpeUKk4-00095-00008581-00008588 FOR SELF-CARE, IT IS OFTEN JUST TYLENOL OR IBUPROFEN FOR A FEVER +ZnYhUpeUKk4-00096-00008588-00008918 FOR SELF-CARE, IT IS OFTEN JUST TYLENOL OR IBUPROFEN FOR A FEVER AND BODY ACHES, PUSHING +ZnYhUpeUKk4-00097-00008918-00008925 TYLENOL OR IBUPROFEN FOR A FEVER AND BODY ACHES, PUSHING +ZnYhUpeUKk4-00098-00008925-00009008 TYLENOL OR IBUPROFEN FOR A FEVER AND BODY ACHES, PUSHING FLUIDS -- PUSHING FLUIDS. +ZnYhUpeUKk4-00099-00009008-00009015 AND BODY ACHES, PUSHING FLUIDS -- PUSHING FLUIDS. +ZnYhUpeUKk4-00100-00009015-00009095 AND BODY ACHES, PUSHING FLUIDS -- PUSHING FLUIDS. THIS YEAR THE MINNESOTA +ZnYhUpeUKk4-00101-00009095-00009102 FLUIDS -- PUSHING FLUIDS. THIS YEAR THE MINNESOTA +ZnYhUpeUKk4-00102-00009102-00009209 FLUIDS -- PUSHING FLUIDS. THIS YEAR THE MINNESOTA DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH IS +ZnYhUpeUKk4-00103-00009209-00009215 THIS YEAR THE MINNESOTA DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH IS +ZnYhUpeUKk4-00104-00009215-00009345 THIS YEAR THE MINNESOTA DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH IS RECOMMENDING US TO USE +ZnYhUpeUKk4-00105-00009345-00009352 DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH IS RECOMMENDING US TO USE +ZnYhUpeUKk4-00106-00009352-00009502 DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH IS RECOMMENDING US TO USE ANTI-VIRAL MEDICATIONS. +ZnYhUpeUKk4-00107-00009502-00009509 RECOMMENDING US TO USE ANTI-VIRAL MEDICATIONS. +ZnYhUpeUKk4-00108-00009509-00009662 RECOMMENDING US TO USE ANTI-VIRAL MEDICATIONS. >> BECAUSE OF THE FLU OUTBREAK, +ZnYhUpeUKk4-00109-00009662-00009669 ANTI-VIRAL MEDICATIONS. >> BECAUSE OF THE FLU OUTBREAK, +ZnYhUpeUKk4-00110-00009669-00009856 ANTI-VIRAL MEDICATIONS. >> BECAUSE OF THE FLU OUTBREAK, MANY HOSPITALS ARE PUTTING +ZnYhUpeUKk4-00111-00009856-00009863 >> BECAUSE OF THE FLU OUTBREAK, MANY HOSPITALS ARE PUTTING +ZnYhUpeUKk4-00112-00009863-00009969 >> BECAUSE OF THE FLU OUTBREAK, MANY HOSPITALS ARE PUTTING RESTRICTIONS ON VISITORS IN +ZnYhUpeUKk4-00113-00009969-00009976 MANY HOSPITALS ARE PUTTING RESTRICTIONS ON VISITORS IN +ZnYhUpeUKk4-00114-00009976-00010093 MANY HOSPITALS ARE PUTTING RESTRICTIONS ON VISITORS IN ORDER TO LIMIT THE SPREAD OF THE +ZnYhUpeUKk4-00115-00010093-00010100 RESTRICTIONS ON VISITORS IN ORDER TO LIMIT THE SPREAD OF THE +ZnYhUpeUKk4-00116-00010100-00010130 RESTRICTIONS ON VISITORS IN ORDER TO LIMIT THE SPREAD OF THE FLU. +ZnYhUpeUKk4-00117-00010130-00010136 ORDER TO LIMIT THE SPREAD OF THE FLU. +ZnYhUpeUKk4-00118-00010136-00010323 ORDER TO LIMIT THE SPREAD OF THE FLU. IT'S BEST TO CALL AHEAD TO ANY +ZnYhUpeUKk4-00119-00010323-00010330 FLU. IT'S BEST TO CALL AHEAD TO ANY +ZnYhUpeUKk4-00120-00010330-00010480 FLU. IT'S BEST TO CALL AHEAD TO ANY HEALTH FACILITY YOU WISH TO +ZnYhUpeUKk4-00121-00010480-00010487 IT'S BEST TO CALL AHEAD TO ANY HEALTH FACILITY YOU WISH TO +ZnYhUpeUKk4-00122-00010487-00010527 IT'S BEST TO CALL AHEAD TO ANY HEALTH FACILITY YOU WISH TO VISIT TO FIND OUT WHAT +-37wu1IANio-00000-00000081-00000515 We're here at the Computer Clubhouse at the Museum of Science in Boston. +-37wu1IANio-00001-00000515-00000877 This is now one of about 100 Computer Clubhouses around the world +-37wu1IANio-00002-00000877-00001047 actually it's been more than 20 years now +-37wu1IANio-00003-00001047-00001278 since we started the very first Computer Clubhouse. +-37wu1IANio-00004-00001279-00001525 Yeah, at the Computer Museum, we started it +-37wu1IANio-00005-00001525-00001739 after some young people had been +-37wu1IANio-00006-00001739-00002154 using the Lego programmable motors and building things +-37wu1IANio-00007-00002154-00002330 and they kept coming back to the museum. +-37wu1IANio-00008-00002330-00002576 We later learned that they were actually sneaking into the museum +-37wu1IANio-00009-00002576-00002762 but they were looking for opportunities +-37wu1IANio-00010-00002762-00003070 and there weren't other after-school programs around for them. +-37wu1IANio-00011-00003092-00003379 I know one thing that you were really strong about from the beginning is +-37wu1IANio-00012-00003379-00003582 it was important for kids to see this as a place +-37wu1IANio-00013-00003582-00003815 where they could follow their own interests, +-37wu1IANio-00014-00003815-00003965 work on things that they really cared about. +-37wu1IANio-00015-00003965-00004263 Yeah, and build projects based on their interests. +-37wu1IANio-00016-00004263-00004587 So, it connects a lot of themes we're talking about in the course, +-37wu1IANio-00017-00004590-00004802 their projects and passion and +-37wu1IANio-00018-00004802-00005002 how kids can follow their own passion. +-37wu1IANio-00019-00005017-00005297 I think we were motivated by those first kids sneaking in +-37wu1IANio-00020-00005297-00005499 because the kids who were getting in trouble after school +-37wu1IANio-00021-00005499-00005637 having trouble in school, +-37wu1IANio-00022-00005637-00005938 but they really wanted to come in and work on these projects +-37wu1IANio-00023-00005938-00006240 that we saw as these rich learning experiences. +-37wu1IANio-00024-00006240-00006332 So, we wanted to make sure +-37wu1IANio-00025-00006332-00006531 they had a way to follow-up on those passions. +-37wu1IANio-00026-00006531-00006945 Why don't we go inside and take a look at the Clubhouse here. +-37wu1IANio-00027-00006945-00007352 Here's Jackie Gonzalez, who's the coordinator of the clubhouse. +-37wu1IANio-00028-00007352-00007521 It's great seeing you Jackie. +-37wu1IANio-00029-00007521-00007825 How long have you been the coordinator here now? +-37wu1IANio-00030-00007825-00007959 Almost two years. +-37wu1IANio-00031-00007959-00008243 So maybe you can just show us around the clubhouse a little bit +-37wu1IANio-00032-00008243-00008621 and talk about the way the clubhouse is set up. +-37wu1IANio-00033-00008621-00008878 Sure, first I want to talk a little bit about this space. +-37wu1IANio-00034-00008878-00009193 You'll notice there's a lot of chairs and a green table. +-37wu1IANio-00035-00009193-00009573 The green table is traditional in most clubhouses, +-37wu1IANio-00036-00009573-00009783 which is a fun fact. +-37wu1IANio-00037-00009804-00009894 It's sort of like a village green +-37wu1IANio-00038-00009894-00010094 where people get together and meeting with the community. +-37wu1IANio-00039-00010152-00010597 Yeah, naturally new and regular folks would come in and hang out. +-37wu1IANio-00040-00010597-00010781 No computers on that, it's just a place where +-37wu1IANio-00041-00010781-00010977 people have lunch there, sketch there. +-37wu1IANio-00042-00010977-00011456 No, lots of Legos and story boarding and things like that happen there, +-37wu1IANio-00043-00011456-00011654 whatever miscellaneous crafts happen. +-37wu1IANio-00044-00011654-00011888 Then you'll notice there's a bunch of chairs, +-37wu1IANio-00045-00011888-00012118 we call it a sea of chairs here and +-37wu1IANio-00046-00012124-00012438 because a lot of our projects are collaborative +-37wu1IANio-00047-00012438-00012868 so it's always a couple of young people and maybe a mentor. +-37wu1IANio-00048-00012877-00013194 The chairs all have wheels, it's always something. +-37wu1IANio-00049-00013194-00013454 Yes, just roll around from site to site. +-37wu1IANio-00050-00013454-00013944 On the walls we have miscellaneous projects from the young people, +-37wu1IANio-00051-00013958-00014091 of the work they've done. +-37wu1IANio-00052-00014091-00014474 I think the things on the wall to me always felt really important +-37wu1IANio-00053-00014480-00014684 because it gives someone a sense of what's possible. +-37wu1IANio-00054-00014684-00014890 When they walk in you can just take a look +-37wu1IANio-00055-00014890-00015044 and see what type of projects they're on, +-37wu1IANio-00056-00015044-00015231 get inspired by what's possible. +-37wu1IANio-00057-00015231-00015415 Yeah, it's definitely a point of pride +-37wu1IANio-00058-00015416-00015806 and also a point of "I'm looking for something to do." +-37wu1IANio-00059-00015806-00016001 "That's really cool, how is that made?" +-37wu1IANio-00060-00016001-00016278 One of my favorite things about this wall is that +-37wu1IANio-00061-00016278-00016658 I can identify every person that's done these projects +-37wu1IANio-00062-00016658-00017020 and their back story or what happened when they were doing that. +-37wu1IANio-00063-00017020-00017168 Often times it's cool when a new member is like, +-37wu1IANio-00064-00017168-00017372 "Wow that's a really neat project." +-37wu1IANio-00065-00017373-00017642 I can say, "Oh, so-and-so did that. Meet so-and-so." +-37wu1IANio-00066-00017642-00017866 And then they can kind of talk about the process +-37wu1IANio-00067-00017866-00018138 and they even often get them started +-37wu1IANio-00068-00018138-00018254 on their own project. +-37wu1IANio-00069-00018254-00018529 Maybe you can talk about some of the different projects kids work on +-37wu1IANio-00070-00018530-00018756 at the different parts of the room, the different types of projects. +-37wu1IANio-00071-00018756-00019119 Sure, on this wall you'll notice that we're not all tech oriented. +-37wu1IANio-00072-00019119-00019591 We do a lot of what we call "high-tech, low-tech." +-37wu1IANio-00073-00019591-00019915 That's part because we're about creative expression, +-37wu1IANio-00074-00019915-00020279 but also this is a safe space and we're about relationships. +-37wu1IANio-00075-00020279-00020605 So it's fun to just hang out and do paper modeling +-37wu1IANio-00076-00020605-00020825 or duct tape crafting. +-37wu1IANio-00077-00020850-00021360 But also, sometimes there's some duct tape purses on the wall +-37wu1IANio-00078-00021360-00021634 and the member that made them actually created a website, +-37wu1IANio-00079-00021634-00021834 and started selling them online. +-37wu1IANio-00080-00021834-00022108 So there are other useful skills that come from these projects. +-37wu1IANio-00081-00022108-00022537 So, it's like the spirit of a maker's space, all types of making going on. +-37wu1IANio-00082-00022537-00022855 The idea here, long before people are talking about maker's spaces, +-37wu1IANio-00083-00022855-00023142 is I think the idea of just making with all sorts of media, +-37wu1IANio-00084-00023142-00023370 whether it's paper or computers. +-37wu1IANio-00085-00023370-00023631 We definitely try to make it all ages too. +-37wu1IANio-00086-00023631-00024265 Our latest craze has been these light up LED dioramas. +-37wu1IANio-00087-00024265-00024762 I think this one has a functioning bulb, though it's pretty faint. +-37wu1IANio-00088-00024762-00025070 But this was inspired by these toilet paper rolls that we saw +-37wu1IANio-00089-00025070-00025372 that were actually done in super miniature ways. +-37wu1IANio-00090-00025562-00025820 We just made it a little more user-friendly +-37wu1IANio-00091-00025820-00026327 and also attached some LEDs and experimented with diffused light. +-37wu1IANio-00092-00026327-00026702 Also, continuing on with the "high-tech, low-tech," +-37wu1IANio-00093-00026702-00027000 we actually just completed a girls' program +-37wu1IANio-00094-00027001-00027322 where we worked with 10-13 year old girls. +-37wu1IANio-00095-00027322-00027682 One of the activities that we did, a fan favorite, was, +-37wu1IANio-00096-00027682-00027970 we used play dough and experimented with sculpture +-37wu1IANio-00097-00027995-00028395 and then we translated that with a 3D modeling software called Sculptress, +-37wu1IANio-00098-00028395-00028572 so it's free to download. +-37wu1IANio-00099-00028572-00028939 This was made by Katrina, who's 10 years old +-37wu1IANio-00100-00028939-00029252 and she really loved playing with play dough +-37wu1IANio-00101-00029252-00029627 and actually a mentor is really skilled in 3D animation +-37wu1IANio-00102-00029627-00029791 so she sat with her and got her started +-37wu1IANio-00103-00029791-00030319 and she's been making Yodas and Elmos and all sorts of things. +-37wu1IANio-00104-00030319-00030921 So you can actually ... She was able to create these kinds of shapes +-37wu1IANio-00105-00030922-00031083 and she's been doing all sorts of things. +-37wu1IANio-00106-00031083-00031407 You can take those projects and actually 3D print them. +-37wu1IANio-00107-00031407-00031824 So we actually printed the little Elmo head that she created. +-37wu1IANio-00108-00031824-00032039 Some of our older members have now been creating +-37wu1IANio-00109-00032039-00032239 some really intense characters. +-37wu1IANio-00110-00032241-00032323 That's great. +-37wu1IANio-00111-00032350-00032674 So this is our maker corner. +-37wu1IANio-00112-00032674-00032956 A lot of different things happen here. +-37wu1IANio-00113-00032956-00033208 We have our 3D printer, our sewing machine, +-37wu1IANio-00114-00033208-00033610 a heat press for t-shirt designs and a vinyl cutter. +-37wu1IANio-00115-00033739-00034102 Then over here we have Legos and miscellaneous computer parts. +-37wu1IANio-00116-00034102-00034410 With our vinyl cutter, a range of products come out, +-37wu1IANio-00117-00034410-00034768 like decals for water bottles or laptops and things like that, +-37wu1IANio-00118-00034768-00035019 either for their friends or for a cause. +-37wu1IANio-00119-00035019-00035461 Then the sewing machine, people make hats or hem things +-37wu1IANio-00120-00035462-00035844 or we have recently been experimenting with +-37wu1IANio-00121-00035844-00036120 disassembling stuffed animals and then +-37wu1IANio-00122-00036120-00036320 adding LEDs and re-hemming them inside-out, +-37wu1IANio-00123-00036450-00036694 so it's kind of a weird but cool project. +-37wu1IANio-00124-00036694-00037196 With our 3D printer, the popular thing right now is +-37wu1IANio-00125-00037196-00037526 3D printed jewelry and cookie cutters. +-37wu1IANio-00126-00037603-00037955 A lot of our members just think it's cool to be able to design something +-37wu1IANio-00127-00037956-00038564 and then print it and actually use it in a kitchen or something +-37wu1IANio-00128-00038564-00038764 instead of just, "oh, here's a 3D print I've made," +-37wu1IANio-00129-00038774-00039048 or really trying to think about ways of taking it further +-37wu1IANio-00130-00039048-00039298 in practical uses for our 3D prints. +-37wu1IANio-00131-00039583-00040053 They can get simple shapes or they can get pretty details. +-37wu1IANio-00132-00040053-00040540 This is an octopus. +-37wu1IANio-00133-00040540-00040738 A lot of our members have been experimenting with +-37wu1IANio-00134-00040738-00041168 jewelry making and things like that here. +-37wu1IANio-00135-00041278-00041719 The music studio is one of the more popular areas of the clubhouse. +-37wu1IANio-00136-00041719-00042133 It's definitely the most utilized. +-37wu1IANio-00137-00042178-00042558 This is definitely a great space for collaboration +-37wu1IANio-00138-00042558-00042848 and relationship building. +-37wu1IANio-00139-00042868-00043114 ♪ I've been coming to the clubhouse for 3 years time ♪ +-37wu1IANio-00140-00043114-00043324 ♪ dropping beats in the studio and free my mind ♪ +-37wu1IANio-00141-00043324-00043538 ♪ letting it go, letting it flow, my ideas that grow ♪ +-37wu1IANio-00142-00043538-00043738 ♪ they are put down on squash nothing is impossible ♪ +-37wu1IANio-00143-00043742-00043906 ♪ I flourish in my community ♪ +-37wu1IANio-00144-00043906-00044056 ♪ a group of positive people say in there ♪ +-37wu1IANio-00145-00044056-00044272 ♪ you can be what you want and we can get it you got it♪ +-37wu1IANio-00146-00044272-00044356 ♪ you got to go back and get on ♪ +-37wu1IANio-00147-00044356-00044472 ♪ you cannot hold on to the knowledge ♪ +-37wu1IANio-00148-00044472-00044600 ♪ you got to share it well ♪ +-37wu1IANio-00149-00044600-00044800 ♪ because what you know might somebody has taught it to you ♪ +-37wu1IANio-00150-00044800-00045000 ♪ your success or failure if it only belongs to you ♪ +-37wu1IANio-00151-00045000-00045160 ♪ because that's what we do at the club ♪ +-37wu1IANio-00152-00045276-00045784 This is Markese, a.k.a. Tashawn Gray and he came +-37wu1IANio-00153-00045786-00045942 in the clubhouse yesterday and said, +-37wu1IANio-00154-00045942-00046214 "I need someone to do a Photoshop project." +-37wu1IANio-00155-00046238-00046582 and myself and one of his friends were like, "Why don't you do it?" +-37wu1IANio-00156-00046582-00046913 So his friend actually went and helped him take this photo. +-37wu1IANio-00157-00046913-00047378 He's a videographer so he created this wonderful shot. +-37wu1IANio-00158-00047378-00047902 Tashawn, Christian and I just sat and experimented with Photoshop, +-37wu1IANio-00159-00047902-00048178 I introduced him to a couple of fancy techniques, +-37wu1IANio-00160-00048178-00048688 and he spent an hour just really excited on creating this beautiful project. +-37wu1IANio-00161-00048688-00048987 He wouldn't have done that without friend support. +-37wu1IANio-00162-00048987-00049506 It's like he was invested in his music and it helped bridge to another area. +-37wu1IANio-00163-00049506-00049704 Yeah, and it also made him realize that +-37wu1IANio-00164-00049704-00050138 if he wants to pursue this further, he doesn't have to pay +-37wu1IANio-00165-00050138-00050320 for someone to do this, he can do it himself +-37wu1IANio-00166-00050320-00050550 and also he had started talking about ... +-37wu1IANio-00167-00050550-00050876 He showed it to a couple of other members n the studio and he was like, +-37wu1IANio-00168-00050876-00051154 "Hey, if you need me to do this that was really fun." +-37wu1IANio-00169-00051200-00051362 I do think one thing we've seen over the years is +-37wu1IANio-00170-00051362-00051714 how it's great to start with an area of interest but you can then use that, +-37wu1IANio-00171-00051736-00052103 once you're comfortable there, it makes it easier to start reaching out +-37wu1IANio-00172-00052104-00052411 and trying something new from your interests. +-37wu1IANio-00173-00052411-00052595 Uh huh, so the videographer, Christian, +-37wu1IANio-00174-00052595-00052923 he actually used to just come in the studio and hangout +-37wu1IANio-00175-00052944-00053384 and he would make music videos and he actually got +-37wu1IANio-00176-00053384-00053698 really, really good at making music videos +-37wu1IANio-00177-00053698-00054070 so we introduced him to Premier Pro, another sweet product, +-37wu1IANio-00178-00054070-00054362 and from there now he's interested in video making +-37wu1IANio-00179-00054362-00054740 so we've actually paired him with a few mentors +-37wu1IANio-00180-00054741-00055136 that are interested in video and he's been expanding his skills. +-37wu1IANio-00181-00055137-00055309 Now he has a demo reel and +-37wu1IANio-00182-00055309-00055771 the museum actually offered him a position to work part-time +-37wu1IANio-00183-00055771-00056051 as a freelancer doing video work. +-37wu1IANio-00184-00056051-00056585 SO we took that interest of helping his friends and doing the music videos +-37wu1IANio-00185-00056586-00056907 and applied it to, now his passion is video. +-37wu1IANio-00186-00056907-00057145 I know one thing from the beginning we always talked about, +-37wu1IANio-00187-00057146-00057444 it was important for young people to follow their interests. +-37wu1IANio-00188-00057444-00057669 But we also knew that it's not easy. +-37wu1IANio-00189-00057669-00057780 it sounds easy, +-37wu1IANio-00190-00057780-00058091 but it's not just a matter of saying, "Okay, go follow your interests." +-37wu1IANio-00191-00058098-00058238 Maybe you can talk a little bit about +-37wu1IANio-00192-00058238-00058654 how you help young people identify their interests, how to follow-up on it +-37wu1IANio-00193-00058658-00058852 because I think that's often a big challenge. +-37wu1IANio-00194-00058852-00059018 I feel we try to connect the dots, +-37wu1IANio-00195-00059018-00059196 if you're interested in skateboarding, +-37wu1IANio-00196-00059196-00059582 then we'll do a skateboarding video project or a Photoshop project. +-37wu1IANio-00197-00059616-00059970 Then through that we introduce them to new things. +-37wu1IANio-00198-00059970-00060176 As long as they're comfortable with something, +-37wu1IANio-00199-00060176-00060427 it can be stuffed animals or butterflies or anything, +-37wu1IANio-00200-00060427-00060758 you can make a Scratch project or whatever. +-37wu1IANio-00201-00060758-00060916 There's lots of instances where +-37wu1IANio-00202-00060916-00061214 they don't come from being passionate about tech, +-37wu1IANio-00203-00061214-00061584 but they realize here that you can apply ... +-37wu1IANio-00204-00061584-00061858 Even if you're passionate about your friendships with people, +-37wu1IANio-00205-00061864-00062128 you can make cards or you can make buttons or +-37wu1IANio-00206-00062128-00062320 photo collages, things like that. +-37wu1IANio-00207-00062320-00062628 I know you've done a lot to really help develop +-37wu1IANio-00208-00062628-00062870 and find and support the mentors. +-37wu1IANio-00209-00062888-00063254 Yeah, we take great pride in +-37wu1IANio-00210-00063254-00063624 our professional development opportunities for our mentors. +-37wu1IANio-00211-00063624-00063888 We try to really provide them with a safe space +-37wu1IANio-00212-00063888-00064047 and sense of learning themselves. +-37wu1IANio-00213-00064047-00064380 I find that they find it extremely rewarding +-37wu1IANio-00214-00064380-00064711 to come here and learn stuff from the young people. +-37wu1IANio-00215-00064766-00064888 How do you help them... +-37wu1IANio-00216-00064888-00065010 because sometimes people feel like +-37wu1IANio-00217-00065010-00065336 they need to be teaching or tell kids what to do +-37wu1IANio-00218-00065336-00065814 and how do you help them have come at it in a way that's supportive, +-37wu1IANio-00219-00065814-00066070 but not overly controlling? +-37wu1IANio-00220-00066070-00066348 I guess there are a couple of things. +-37wu1IANio-00221-00066348-00066558 We do a training where we go through it, +-37wu1IANio-00222-00066558-00066986 but in the day-to-day, I say it's really important to sit down, +-37wu1IANio-00223-00066986-00067272 just simple things like sit down next to the person +-37wu1IANio-00224-00067272-00067516 when you're talking to them and when you're learning from them. +-37wu1IANio-00225-00067517-00067906 Because then you're standing at the top, it feels like you're in a classroom. +-37wu1IANio-00226-00067906-00068552 Also, a lot of times I look for their interests that aren't technical between people +-37wu1IANio-00227-00068552-00069272 and if someone's interested in, I'm trying to think of a recent example, +-37wu1IANio-00228-00069272-00069558 so our 3D animator, for example, +-37wu1IANio-00229-00069558-00069896 she's never done Scratch programming before. +-37wu1IANio-00230-00069906-00070212 But she does like video games and so +-37wu1IANio-00231-00070212-00070734 we had one of our younger members, David, show her Scratch +-37wu1IANio-00232-00070734-00071186 and get her a Scratch account and now they're friends on Scratch. +-37wu1IANio-00233-00071186-00071358 It's kind of really cool. +-37wu1IANio-00234-00071358-00071887 I said that before, for our young people to have teaching skills. +-37wu1IANio-00235-00071887-00072211 A lot of times with the teens I try to, +-37wu1IANio-00236-00072211-00072411 if they're looking to enhance their skills, then +-37wu1IANio-00237-00072437-00072768 I go out of my way to find mentors that can support that. +-37wu1IANio-00238-00072768-00073336 But, in general, our volunteers, I usually pair them with people to be taught. +-37wu1IANio-00239-00073411-00073764 How do you think about your role here? +-37wu1IANio-00240-00073765-00074061 Well, I feel like on a good day +-37wu1IANio-00241-00074061-00074482 I'm just chilling at the table looking at interesting stuff +-37wu1IANio-00242-00074482-00074952 or working on my own projects because a young person will be like, +-37wu1IANio-00243-00074952-00075099 "I need help with Photoshop." +-37wu1IANio-00244-00075099-00075197 I see a teen.. +-37wu1IANio-00245-00075197-00075662 we're all about peer-to-peer learning, and so I'll see a teen and be like, +-37wu1IANio-00246-00075662-00076098 "Hey Qua, help so-and-so with digital design." +-37wu1IANio-00247-00076098-00076302 This is just this community of shared learning +-37wu1IANio-00248-00076302-00076648 and everyone comes in with this expectation +-37wu1IANio-00249-00076651-00076873 that they're willing to help people, +-37wu1IANio-00250-00076873-00077117 they want to help other people learn too. +-37wu1IANio-00251-00077248-00077716 A good day is just me getting our young people to help other young people +-37wu1IANio-00252-00077716-00078039 and our mentors to be learning from the young people. +-37wu1IANio-00253-00078039-00078339 It's just me watching and making sure +-37wu1IANio-00254-00078339-00078611 that those pairings are happening. +-37wu1IANio-00255-00079100-00079400 Subtitles by the Amara.org community +-40Wxsf0z4A-00000-00000000-00000200 *USA 8:00am Nigeria1:00pm Click, Subscribe, listen and share A soft reminder of Our online prayer meeting come up Every Saturday feel free to JOIN US TODAY AT Deeper Life Bible Church Charlottesville For Our Online Prayer Meeting titled Hour of Victory* https://us02web.zoom.us/j/. 8976080747 ID Number is 8976080747 FreeconfrencecallHD. Com Dial in 712 775 7035 Code 344823# Facebook Login: Matthew Akanmu Habakkuk 2:2 God please we need: 1) Permanent place of worship 2) Churh Van. +-8vvG0XJRi4-00000-00000000-00000501 Welcome to my video +-8vvG0XJRi4-00001-00000505-00001000 Thank you for this video view +-8vvG0XJRi4-00002-00001000-00001508 Like, sub, share, support my channel. +-8vvG0XJRi4-00003-00001516-00002000 Thank you very much +-tQLDFYpf_o-00000-00001136-00001489 Family policy models +-tQLDFYpf_o-00001-00001517-00001757 The main goal of family policy +-tQLDFYpf_o-00002-00001863-00002645 depends a lot on the family policy model the government pursues. +-tQLDFYpf_o-00003-00002755-00003720 In the western literature, there is a classic typology of the welfare states suggested by Gøsta Esping-Andersen +-tQLDFYpf_o-00004-00003720-00004432 who distinguished between three types of welfare states or of social policy. +-tQLDFYpf_o-00005-00004432-00004921 Those are liberal, conservative and social democratic types. +-tQLDFYpf_o-00006-00004921-00005286 When one speaks on the family policy and its goals, +-tQLDFYpf_o-00007-00005286-00005917 they correlate with the models of social policy first of all. +-tQLDFYpf_o-00008-00005949-00006819 Liberal model of social and family policy assumes that there is a clear distinction between public and private spheres. +-tQLDFYpf_o-00009-00006855-00007808 It means that the government serves as a sort of night-watchman who grants and controls the observance of the rules. +-tQLDFYpf_o-00010-00007838-00008263 But the government doesn’t take direct responsibility over the welfare of the citizens. +-tQLDFYpf_o-00011-00008290-00008595 Everything concerning the individual welfare, +-tQLDFYpf_o-00012-00008595-00008833 everything concerning the education of children, +-tQLDFYpf_o-00013-00008833-00009420 everything concerning healthcare and organization of the family life in general — +-tQLDFYpf_o-00014-00009420-00009962 in the liberal model, it is the sole responsibility of the certain person. +-tQLDFYpf_o-00015-00009984-00010736 And only in those cases, when an individual can’t handle it, the government provides minimal help to such families. +-tQLDFYpf_o-00016-00010786-00011230 The examples are the UK and the USA. +-tQLDFYpf_o-00017-00011230-00012354 And the idea is to prevent the families from reaching the lowest welfare level. +-tQLDFYpf_o-00018-00012354-00012838 But in general, there is no such concept that the government should help the citizens +-tQLDFYpf_o-00019-00012838-00013421 to regulate and to maintain these parental and familial responsibilities in some way. +-tQLDFYpf_o-00020-00013469-00014371 The opposite ideology, position of the government is a so-called social democratic model of social policy. +-tQLDFYpf_o-00021-00014371-00014782 It is the countries of northern Europe, first of all, Sweden, +-tQLDFYpf_o-00022-00014782-00015399 when the government takes another position in respect to the family or the people with family obligations. +-tQLDFYpf_o-00023-00015399-00016112 The government assumes that it must undertake a relatively vast amount of obligations +-tQLDFYpf_o-00024-00016112-00016768 and provide families with children or persons with children with very various forms of support. +-tQLDFYpf_o-00025-00016768-00017596 It includes allowances, it includes parental leaves, it includes infrastructure of child-care, kindergartens and so on. +-tQLDFYpf_o-00026-00017596-00018136 Along with that, the government, undertaking a vast amount of obligations, +-tQLDFYpf_o-00027-00018136-00018842 assumes that the citizens are supposed to respond with the normative behavioral models. +-tQLDFYpf_o-00028-00018927-00019891 One of the features in the social democratic model is that the issue of gender equality — equality not only in the public sphere, +-tQLDFYpf_o-00029-00019891-00020492 not only that women have access to the higher education and to the paid labor, +-tQLDFYpf_o-00030-00020492-00021179 but also gender equality in the private sphere, i.e. in parenting, — is a declared goal of such policy, +-tQLDFYpf_o-00031-00021179-00021672 and all the various measures of support in the family policy are organized around this goal. +-tQLDFYpf_o-00032-00021672-00021891 The third model is a conservative one. +-tQLDFYpf_o-00033-00021891-00022817 Very fast, Germany is an example when the government provides persons with support, +-tQLDFYpf_o-00034-00022817-00023583 but in general the problem of gender equality is not discussed and not actualized in the political agenda. +-tQLDFYpf_o-00035-00023583-00024112 Actually, everything related to taxes is organized in such a manner +-tQLDFYpf_o-00036-00024112-00024848 that it is more beneficial for the family if for some time a woman plays a traditional role of housewife +-tQLDFYpf_o-00037-00024848-00025321 and cares for children and their upbringing. +-tQLDFYpf_o-00038-00025321-00026474 And respectively the kindergartens function in such a way that women can’t work full-time or may find it very difficult — +-tQLDFYpf_o-00039-00026474-00026885 she can work only part-time. +-tQLDFYpf_o-00040-00026885-00027819 Or for the so-called period of active motherhood when children require a lot of attention and care, women leave the job market +-tQLDFYpf_o-00041-00027819-00028997 and return to it only when the children reach secondary school age and can spend their leisure on their own and so on. +-tQLDFYpf_o-00042-00029074-00029874 As a rule, each model of family policy is organized around two types of support. +-tQLDFYpf_o-00043-00029874-00030080 First of all, it is monetary support. +-tQLDFYpf_o-00044-00030080-00031345 It is those allowances, that money that the government gives us on certain conditions, to the people who have certain family obligations, number of children and so on. +-tQLDFYpf_o-00045-00031375-00031857 On the other hand, another big block is so-called service support. +-tQLDFYpf_o-00046-00031896-00032454 Usually it includes educational facilities for preschool children, +-tQLDFYpf_o-00047-00032454-00033026 but there are also broader measures, +-tQLDFYpf_o-00048-00033026-00033977 enabling the relatively comfortable existence of families with children, parents with children in the urban space, +-tQLDFYpf_o-00049-00033977-00034710 enabling their mobility, helping them to use the facilities and to get involved in the urban life. +-x-ojt5NCou-00000-00000014-00000575 Alright. Here we go. First and Second Thessalonians, "Preparing for the Second +-x-ojt5NCou-00001-00000575-00001311 Coming". This is lesson number 11 in the series and the title of the sermon is or +-x-ojt5NCou-00002-00001311-00001896 the lesson rather, is the "Judgment Day". Alright. So in our series so far we've +-x-ojt5NCou-00003-00001896-00002415 been doing some in-depth study of the second letter of Paul to the +-x-ojt5NCou-00004-00002415-00002949 Thessalonians. Now in our study we've seen that Paul describes in detail the +-x-ojt5NCou-00005-00002949-00003417 second coming of Christ and the events surrounding it. In other words, the things +-x-ojt5NCou-00006-00003417-00003923 that will happen before he comes or that must happen before he comes and then the +-x-ojt5NCou-00007-00003923-00004305 things that specifically happens to Christians and to non-Christians, +-x-ojt5NCou-00008-00004305-00004853 non-believers when he does. Now, today in our lesson I'd like to add what we've +-x-ojt5NCou-00009-00004853-00005439 looked at so far in Second Thessalonians about this subject by reviewing another +-x-ojt5NCou-00010-00005439-00006059 passage that addresses the very same topic but adds a lot more information. +-x-ojt5NCou-00011-00006059-00006759 Jesus speaks about His return and the end of the world in Matthew 24 and 25. So +-x-ojt5NCou-00012-00006759-00007259 remember, I said too at one point, the Bible doesn't, at times, does not contain +-x-ojt5NCou-00013-00007259-00007697 all the information about a topic in the same verse or in the same passage. You +-x-ojt5NCou-00014-00007697-00008036 have to kind of put several passages together. So that's what we're going to +-x-ojt5NCou-00015-00008036-00008525 do today. We're going to look at Matthew 24 and 25 as a way to complement our +-x-ojt5NCou-00016-00008525-00009182 series and give more depth and more information about the second coming of +-x-ojt5NCou-00017-00009182-00009729 Christ. Now, we're going to look at this, in a previously recorded a lesson on +-x-ojt5NCou-00018-00009729-00010404 Matthew 24 and 25, we're going to look at the picture that Jesus gives. +-x-ojt5NCou-00019-00010404-00010752 We've seen what Paul says, now we're going to look at what Jesus says +-x-ojt5NCou-00020-00010752-00011181 about the same time. And after we're finished looking at that I'll come back +-x-ojt5NCou-00021-00011181-00011789 and we'll wrap it up with some more information. Okay? So open your Bibles, as +-x-ojt5NCou-00022-00011789-00012207 I say, to Matthew 24. We're going to begin to describe the judgments that Jesus +-x-ojt5NCou-00023-00012207-00012931 describes in these often misunderstood chapters. A lot of material to cover +-x-ojt5NCou-00024-00012931-00013330 today. So we begin in Matthew 24 beginning +-x-ojt5NCou-00025-00013330-00013722 verse 1. It says, "Jesus came out from the temple and was going away when His" +-x-ojt5NCou-00026-00013722-00014215 "disciples came up to point out the temple buildings to Him. And He said to" +-x-ojt5NCou-00027-00014215-00014686 "them, "Do you not see all these things? Truly I say to you, not one stone here" +-x-ojt5NCou-00028-00014686-00015133 "will be left upon another, which will not be torn down." As he was sitting on the" +-x-ojt5NCou-00029-00015133-00015538 "Mount of Olives, the disciples came to Him privately, saying, "Tell us, when will" +-x-ojt5NCou-00030-00015538-00016066 "these things happen, and what will be the sign of Your coming, and of the end of" +-x-ojt5NCou-00031-00016066-00016813 "the age?" So imagine the scene. Jesus is leaving the temple area and as He leaves... +-x-ojt5NCou-00032-00016813-00017332 This is after everything that has gone on, right? The debate with the leaders, Him +-x-ojt5NCou-00033-00017332-00017722 pronouncing the woes of the judgments on the city and the leaders and so on and +-x-ojt5NCou-00034-00017722-00018343 so forth. As He leaves they point out the magnificent buildings of the temple area +-x-ojt5NCou-00035-00018343-00018985 which He has just said will one day be deserted. Now, during that period the +-x-ojt5NCou-00036-00018985-00019474 temple had undergone 50 years of reconstruction work and the latest +-x-ojt5NCou-00037-00019474-00020080 effort had been paid for by Herod himself. So in verse 1 and 2, Jesus +-x-ojt5NCou-00038-00020080-00020467 responds to their comments by saying that the buildings will not only be +-x-ojt5NCou-00039-00020467-00021115 empty, but they'll be torn down. This sets up further questions by the Apostles, +-x-ojt5NCou-00040-00021115-00021570 Peter and James and John and Andrew, in Matthew 13:3, who wanted more +-x-ojt5NCou-00041-00021570-00022087 information about what he just said. And so they questioned him about two things. +-x-ojt5NCou-00042-00022087-00022756 First, when will this destruction of the temple, but you said that all +-x-ojt5NCou-00043-00022756-00023161 these things would be torn down, when is that going to happen? And then a second +-x-ojt5NCou-00044-00023161-00023710 question, what signs will accompany the end of the world which will be brought +-x-ojt5NCou-00045-00023710-00024553 on by the second coming? Now, you have to remember, whether the Apostle, the +-x-ojt5NCou-00046-00024553-00025123 Apostles thought that these two events would happen at the same time or not we +-x-ojt5NCou-00047-00025123-00025555 don't know perhaps. It seems that they were asking two +-x-ojt5NCou-00048-00025555-00025885 questions. But they were thinking, well, this is all going to happen at the same +-x-ojt5NCou-00049-00025885-00026374 time because they couldn't imagine a world without the temple. So they want to +-x-ojt5NCou-00050-00026374-00026594 know well whens the temple going to be destroyed, +-x-ojt5NCou-00051-00026594-00027145 these buildings to be destroyed? And whens the end of the world going to be? What +-x-ojt5NCou-00052-00027145-00027623 are the signs? They may have assumed that these two events were going to happen at +-x-ojt5NCou-00053-00027623-00028304 the same time. Nevertheless, they're asking to two different questions. We do +-x-ojt5NCou-00054-00028304-00028712 know from their question however, that they were asking about two different +-x-ojt5NCou-00055-00028712-00029135 events, two very separate events, the destruction of the temple and then the +-x-ojt5NCou-00056-00029135-00029725 return of the Lord, So the following section in Matthew can become confusing +-x-ojt5NCou-00057-00029725-00030344 if we're not careful. So it helps if we divide it into three views of history +-x-ojt5NCou-00058-00030344-00030932 that Jesus spoke about in answering His Apostles these two questions. Okay? So +-x-ojt5NCou-00059-00030932-00031397 let's go over the three views that are contained. The first view is the +-x-ojt5NCou-00060-00031397-00032058 panoramic view verses 4 to 14. We'll read those later. In these verses Jesus +-x-ojt5NCou-00061-00032058-00032774 describes an overview or a panoramic view of world history that includes the +-x-ojt5NCou-00062-00032774-00033290 time before the destruction of the temple, the time after the destruction of +-x-ojt5NCou-00063-00033290-00033973 the temple, and the period at the end of time when he will return. OK? So the first +-x-ojt5NCou-00064-00033973-00034876 14 verses talks about a panoramic view. OK? Second view is the telescopic view +-x-ojt5NCou-00065-00034876-00035561 into the destruction of Jerusalem and what takes place at that time verses 15 +-x-ojt5NCou-00066-00035561-00036206 to 35. So in these verses Jesus telescopes are focused in on one great +-x-ojt5NCou-00067-00036206-00036623 event in the history of man and the history of the Jews in particular and +-x-ojt5NCou-00068-00036623-00037244 that's the destruction of Jerusalem which we know took place in 70 AD. So +-x-ojt5NCou-00069-00037244-00037891 Jesus spoke when he was 33 years old. So this event was to take place more than +-x-ojt5NCou-00070-00037891-00038435 three decades in the future. So you have the panoramic view, you then have +-x-ojt5NCou-00071-00038435-00038858 Jesus focusing in on a particular event, the destruction of Jerusalem. And +-x-ojt5NCou-00072-00038858-00039478 then there's the third view and that's a telescopic view to the second coming and +-x-ojt5NCou-00073-00039478-00039922 the end of the world verses 36 to 44. So he finishes +-x-ojt5NCou-00074-00039922-00040462 the look to the very far future when he will return ushering in the end of days +-x-ojt5NCou-00075-00040462-00041109 and the judgment. So if we keep these three views in mind it'll help us +-x-ojt5NCou-00076-00041109-00041752 untangle these complex verses. Okay? So let's go back now and take a look at the +-x-ojt5NCou-00077-00041752-00042472 panoramic view in verses 4 to 14. And we begin with verse 4. It says, "And Jesus" +-x-ojt5NCou-00078-00042472-00043120 answered and said to them, "See to it that no one misleads you."" So right away +-x-ojt5NCou-00079-00043120-00043777 he warns them that there can be confusion and misleading confusion +-x-ojt5NCou-00080-00043777-00044251 about what he is going to say. So the instructions given, so that they will +-x-ojt5NCou-00081-00044251-00044848 know and avoid false teachers and prophets in these matters. Okay? So let's +-x-ojt5NCou-00082-00044848-00045355 read verses 5 to 8. It says, "For many will come in My name, saying, 'I am the Christ,' " +-x-ojt5NCou-00083-00045355-00045793 "and will mislead many. You will be hearing of wars and rumors of wars. See" +-x-ojt5NCou-00084-00045793-00046252 "that you are not frightened, for those things must take place, but that is not" +-x-ojt5NCou-00085-00046252-00046786 "yet the end. For nation will rise against nation, and kingdom against kingdom, and" +-x-ojt5NCou-00086-00046786-00047263 "in various places there will be famines and earthquakes. But all these things are" +-x-ojt5NCou-00087-00047263-00047989 "merely the beginning of birth pangs." And so the cycle of false prophets and wars +-x-ojt5NCou-00088-00047989-00048511 and troubles in the world, Jesus says, these things will continue until the end, +-x-ojt5NCou-00089-00048511-00049024 but these in themselves are not the signs. They're are only the beginning of +-x-ojt5NCou-00090-00049024-00049422 things which will get progressively worse before, not only the end of +-x-ojt5NCou-00091-00049422-00049975 Jerusalem happens, but also the end of the world takes place. So let's read +-x-ojt5NCou-00092-00049975-00050428 verses 9 to 12. He says, "Then they will deliver you to tribulation, and will kill" +-x-ojt5NCou-00093-00050428-00050902 "you, and you will be hated by all nations because of My name. At that time many" +-x-ojt5NCou-00094-00050902-00051279 "will fall away and will betray one another and hate one another. Many false" +-x-ojt5NCou-00095-00051279-00051765 "prophets will arise and will mislead many. Because lawlessness is increased," +-x-ojt5NCou-00096-00051765-00052462 "most people's love will grow cold." So this passage here is a parallel to the +-x-ojt5NCou-00097-00052462-00052864 passages in Second Thessalonians where Paul talks about the end of the world +-x-ojt5NCou-00098-00052864-00053411 and what must take place first. Paul says that the first thing that has +-x-ojt5NCou-00099-00053411-00054203 to take place is apostasy, a falling away of the believers. The +-x-ojt5NCou-00100-00054203-00054773 love of God grows cold, if you wish. Then Paul in Second +-x-ojt5NCou-00101-00054773-00055226 Thessalonians, Second Thessalonians says that the Man of Lawlessness who deceives +-x-ojt5NCou-00102-00055226-00055913 many through false signs tries to take the place of God but he will be +-x-ojt5NCou-00103-00055913-00056576 revealed. And then in this passage here, Jesus is describing what I +-x-ojt5NCou-00104-00056576-00056965 call the devolution. We talk about evolution, things getting better. +-x-ojt5NCou-00105-00056965-00057580 Well in this passage Jesus is talking about the devolution of the world. In +-x-ojt5NCou-00106-00057580-00058030 other words, things getting progressively worse in a cycle. And let me just show +-x-ojt5NCou-00107-00058030-00058691 you a little image here to describe the the devolution, if you wish, that Jesus is +-x-ojt5NCou-00108-00058691-00059288 talking about, this cycle that continues on until the end of time. So it begins +-x-ojt5NCou-00109-00059288-00059854 with a theological fall. Okay? And when I said, what I mean by theological fall is +-x-ojt5NCou-00110-00059854-00060367 that people stop believing in God. Their love for God grows cold. They +-x-ojt5NCou-00111-00060367-00061022 reject God so that they fall away from God, if you wish. The next fall, the next +-x-ojt5NCou-00112-00061022-00061514 stage in this devolution process is what I call a philosophical fall. In other +-x-ojt5NCou-00113-00061514-00061970 words, when you grow away from God, when you reject God. Then human +-x-ojt5NCou-00114-00061970-00062594 beings begin to invent ideas that explains life and that explains death. +-x-ojt5NCou-00115-00062594-00063105 And all of these ideas that are philosophies that, if you wish, that +-x-ojt5NCou-00116-00063105-00063848 exclude God in their explanation of life are bound for failure, are a symbol, if +-x-ojt5NCou-00117-00063848-00064255 you wish, of the fall of man. So there's a theological fall then there's a +-x-ojt5NCou-00118-00064255-00064712 philosophical fall and then what usually follows a philosophical fall, +-x-ojt5NCou-00119-00064712-00065404 man-made ideas is, immoral fall. In other words, morality, immorality rather, +-x-ojt5NCou-00120-00065404-00065897 increases and if this cycle were to continue to go downward it would mean +-x-ojt5NCou-00121-00065897-00066374 the end of the world. But in history there's another point in this +-x-ojt5NCou-00122-00066374-00066815 devolution cycle and that's revival. In other words, God does something +-x-ojt5NCou-00123-00066815-00067265 to revive the, like the paddles to revive a heart attack +-x-ojt5NCou-00124-00067265-00067766 victim, God provides some sort of revival, if you wish, to revive the +-x-ojt5NCou-00125-00067766-00068165 spirit of men. And we see it throughout history. The Protestant +-x-ojt5NCou-00126-00068165-00068585 Reformation that was a revival of sorts. All those back +-x-ojt5NCou-00127-00068585-00069230 to the Bible revivals, a great awakening. So the idea is this, the ideas +-x-ojt5NCou-00128-00069230-00069677 that throughout history, there's this cycle of devolution, it +-x-ojt5NCou-00129-00069677-00070154 takes place, theological fall, philosophical fall, moral fall, and then +-x-ojt5NCou-00130-00070154-00070688 oh, a revival, if you wish, back to God, back to belief. And this keeps going +-x-ojt5NCou-00131-00070688-00071240 until as we'll see in these passages, until we get to the point where +-x-ojt5NCou-00132-00071240-00071708 we have a theological and philosophical and moral falling gets so bad, the +-x-ojt5NCou-00133-00071708-00072320 Man of Lawlessness is revealed and the end of the world takes place as Jesus, as +-x-ojt5NCou-00134-00072320-00072866 Jesus appears. So this is a kind of a, just a little image, if you wish, to +-x-ojt5NCou-00135-00072866-00073358 help us understand what Jesus is explaining to his Apostles here. The +-x-ojt5NCou-00136-00073358-00073814 panoramic view of how things are going to happen throughout history, +-x-ojt5NCou-00137-00073814-00074287 this cycle, this devolution cycle that keeps going round and round +-x-ojt5NCou-00138-00074287-00074993 throughout history. So let's read verse 13. He says, "But the one who endures to" +-x-ojt5NCou-00139-00074993-00075755 "the end, he will be saved." In contrast he promises that the faithful will be saved +-x-ojt5NCou-00140-00075755-00076328 despite these trials, despite this cycle of devolution. And then in +-x-ojt5NCou-00141-00076328-00076754 verse 14 He says, "This gospel of the kingdom shall be preached in the whole" +-x-ojt5NCou-00142-00076754-00077294 "world as a testimony to all the nations, and then the end will come." So he also +-x-ojt5NCou-00143-00077294-00077753 promises that the great commission will be carried out and must be carried out +-x-ojt5NCou-00144-00077753-00078416 before the end, that''s the end of the world, will come. So this is the panoramic +-x-ojt5NCou-00145-00078416-00079049 view of the events and the flow of history that will occur until his second +-x-ojt5NCou-00146-00079049-00079952 coming. So now we move on to the telescopic view and that is +-x-ojt5NCou-00147-00079952-00080483 the fall of Jerusalem. Alright? So we've had this panoramic view, the cycle +-x-ojt5NCou-00148-00080483-00080920 that'll keep on going till the end of time, till Jesus returns. Now Jesus +-x-ojt5NCou-00149-00080920-00081539 focuses in on a particular event in that current panoramic view and that is the +-x-ojt5NCou-00150-00081539-00082111 fall of Jerusalem. You need to understand that Judea, that area was a rebellious +-x-ojt5NCou-00151-00082111-00082664 territory, if you wish, in the Roman Empire. The people there +-x-ojt5NCou-00152-00082664-00083120 longed to return to the glory days of independence and power at the time of +-x-ojt5NCou-00153-00083120-00083834 Solomon. And so in the early 60's, I don't mean the 1960's, I mean the 60's, they had +-x-ojt5NCou-00154-00083834-00084554 such unrest that Rome sent troops to quell the rebellion and so from 66 to 70 +-x-ojt5NCou-00155-00084554-00085088 AD the Roman armies successfully laid siege to Jerusalem and totally destroyed +-x-ojt5NCou-00156-00085088-00085649 the city and the temple along with over a million people that were killed. This +-x-ojt5NCou-00157-00085649-00086150 total destruction of the Jewish nation was the fulfillment of Jesus' prophecy +-x-ojt5NCou-00158-00086150-00086686 to the disciples some 30 years earlier, described in this particular +-x-ojt5NCou-00159-00086686-00087290 passage. And so the disciples wanted to know when this would happen. +-x-ojt5NCou-00160-00087290-00087641 Jesus said these buildings will be knocked down, so they wanted to know +-x-ojt5NCou-00161-00087641-00088184 when is this going to happen. And Jesus gives them the signs to watch out for +-x-ojt5NCou-00162-00088184-00088739 because many of them would still be alive when this thing was happening. So +-x-ojt5NCou-00163-00088739-00089237 let's read verses 15 to 18. It says, "Therefore when you see the ABOMINATION" +-x-ojt5NCou-00164-00089237-00089696 "OF DESOLATION which was spoken of through Daniel the prophet, standing in" +-x-ojt5NCou-00165-00089696-00090194 "the holy place (let the reader understand), then those who are in Judea must flee to" +-x-ojt5NCou-00166-00090194-00090602 "the mountains. Whoever is on the housetop must not go down to get the things out" +-x-ojt5NCou-00167-00090602-00091127 "that are in his house. Whoever is in the field must not turn back to get his" +-x-ojt5NCou-00168-00091127-00091856 "cloak." And so the first sign was the Abomination of Desolation. The first sign +-x-ojt5NCou-00169-00091856-00092540 of the impending destruction of Jerusalem is what Jesus calls the +-x-ojt5NCou-00170-00092540-00093002 Abomination of Desolation. Now the point was that when the temple would be +-x-ojt5NCou-00171-00093002-00093583 desecrated, this is the abomination here, when the temple would be desecrated, this +-x-ojt5NCou-00172-00093583-00094154 would be a sign that destruction was near and His disciples should flee the +-x-ojt5NCou-00173-00094154-00094783 city at that time. Now in Daniel chapters 11 and 12, Daniel had prophesied that the +-x-ojt5NCou-00174-00094783-00095498 temple would be defiled and it was in the days of the Maccabees. This is +-x-ojt5NCou-00175-00095498-00095935 a hundred years or so before Christ in the days of the Maccabees. And the +-x-ojt5NCou-00176-00095935-00096704 temple was desecrated by the Syrian King Epiphanes who sacrificed a pig on the +-x-ojt5NCou-00177-00096704-00097148 altar of the temple among other things. He did many other things to desecrate +-x-ojt5NCou-00178-00097148-00097783 the worship, actually, he wanted to outlaw the worship of the Jews. And so what +-x-ojt5NCou-00179-00097783-00098347 all Jews, especially the Apostles, they were familiar with this historical event, +-x-ojt5NCou-00180-00098347-00098923 the desecration of the temple during the time of the Maccabean +-x-ojt5NCou-00181-00098923-00099477 revolt, if you wish. The Maccabees, they were the Jews who were revolting against +-x-ojt5NCou-00182-00099477-00099982 this king. Alright? So the Jews were familiar with the idea that the +-x-ojt5NCou-00183-00099982-00100537 temple had once been desecrated in a particular way. So what Jesus does is, he +-x-ojt5NCou-00184-00100537-00101218 picks up this idea and says that in the same way, when the temple will be defiled, +-x-ojt5NCou-00185-00101218-00102052 again by Gentiles, during their lifetimes, it'll be the signal to escape. Okay? You +-x-ojt5NCou-00186-00102052-00102520 see the idea? He picks up a historical idea that all of them were +-x-ojt5NCou-00187-00102520-00102913 familiar with, that had happened in the not too distant past, and he says when +-x-ojt5NCou-00188-00102913-00103373 that happens again, that'll be a sign that the temple, the city is +-x-ojt5NCou-00189-00103373-00103849 going to be destroyed and you need to get out. Now in Luke chapter +-x-ojt5NCou-00190-00103849-00104533 21 verse 20, interesting Jesus says, "But when you see Jerusalem surrounded by" +-x-ojt5NCou-00191-00104533-00105127 " armies, then recognize that her desolation is near." So this is a parallel +-x-ojt5NCou-00192-00105127-00105763 passage here to Matthew. So Luke tells us that the surrounding of the temple by +-x-ojt5NCou-00193-00105763-00106441 foreign armies, this is what is going to defile the temple. So how does that +-x-ojt5NCou-00194-00106441-00106684 happen? How does the surrounding of the temple +-x-ojt5NCou-00195-00106684-00107303 or the city by foreign gentile armies, how does that defile the temple? Well, the +-x-ojt5NCou-00196-00107303-00107873 standards or the shields that were carried by the Roman army were +-x-ojt5NCou-00197-00107873-00108464 themselves idolatrous and they were often used for worship by the soldiers. +-x-ojt5NCou-00198-00108464-00109129 And so Jesus is saying when these idolatrous shields, standards, if +-x-ojt5NCou-00199-00109129-00109649 you wish, when they surround the city then the effect of that is that +-x-ojt5NCou-00200-00109649-00110230 it desecrates the temple. You have idols that are surrounding the temple of God +-x-ojt5NCou-00201-00110230-00110732 in Jerusalem. Now many scholars, they differ here as to what the +-x-ojt5NCou-00202-00110732-00111257 abomination is and many of them refer to Jewish historians for events that +-x-ojt5NCou-00203-00111257-00111853 occurred before or after the siege that would fit. But here's the thing, Luke +-x-ojt5NCou-00204-00111853-00112479 chapter 21 verse 20 is the only biblical reference that actually fits the context. +-x-ojt5NCou-00205-00112479-00113203 Jesus himself says, when you see the city surrounded by foreign armies recognize +-x-ojt5NCou-00206-00113203-00113813 that her desolation is near. And then in Matthew 24 he says, when you see +-x-ojt5NCou-00207-00113813-00114320 the abomination of desolation get out. So it's always best to +-x-ojt5NCou-00208-00114320-00114848 allow the scriptures to interpret themselves. Then he says, "he who reads" +-x-ojt5NCou-00209-00114848-00115498 "this" means, he who reads Daniel and along with Christ's what's called a cryptogram +-x-ojt5NCou-00210-00115498-00116080 or a clue, if you wish, will be able to know when it's time to get out. And as a +-x-ojt5NCou-00211-00116080-00116444 matter of fact, historically we know that many Christians understood what was +-x-ojt5NCou-00212-00116444-00116983 going on here because in 68 AD, couple of years into the siege, but a couple of +-x-ojt5NCou-00213-00116983-00117401 years before the very end, the majority of Christians that were living in +-x-ojt5NCou-00214-00117401-00118088 Jerusalem escaped to Pella, a nearby town, thus avoiding being killed in the +-x-ojt5NCou-00215-00118088-00118478 massacre. So they got it. They understood what was going on when +-x-ojt5NCou-00216-00118478-00118826 the armies, pagan armies are surrounding the city, you known that the +-x-ojt5NCou-00217-00118826-00119345 end is near and so they got out. So let's read verses, go back to Matthew, +-x-ojt5NCou-00218-00119345-00119738 read verses 19 to 21. He says, "But woe to those who are pregnant and to those who" +-x-ojt5NCou-00219-00119738-00120044 "are nursing babies in those days! But pray that your" +-x-ojt5NCou-00220-00120044-00120401 "flight will not be in the winter, or on a Sabbath. For then there will be a great" +-x-ojt5NCou-00221-00120401-00120893 "tribulation, such as has not occurred since the beginning of the world until" +-x-ojt5NCou-00222-00120893-00121652 "now, nor ever will." So the tribulations are the suffering caused by the Romans +-x-ojt5NCou-00223-00121652-00122174 which wiped out the nation, as I said, over a million killed, and of course +-x-ojt5NCou-00224-00122174-00122771 the combination of the gravity of the sin, the Jews who received +-x-ojt5NCou-00225-00122771-00123323 the blessings and the promises of God and yet still killed the Messiah when he +-x-ojt5NCou-00226-00123323-00123929 came, so the gravity of the sin and the horror of the punishment. I mean an +-x-ojt5NCou-00227-00123929-00124430 entire nation wiped out and it's religion wiped out. The Bible says +-x-ojt5NCou-00228-00124430-00124945 nothing like this has ever happened before never will. In verse 22 it says, +-x-ojt5NCou-00229-00124945-00125386 "Unless those days had been cut short, no life would have been saved; but for the" +-x-ojt5NCou-00230-00125386-00126004 "sake of the elect", meaning Christians, those days will be cut short. So God's +-x-ojt5NCou-00231-00126004-00126599 providence permitted this war to end so that the Christians would not also be +-x-ojt5NCou-00232-00126599-00127163 annihilated along with the Jews. Their city was destroyed and Romans you see, +-x-ojt5NCou-00233-00127163-00127541 they made no distinction between Christian and non-christian Jews, for +-x-ojt5NCou-00234-00127541-00127931 them a Jew is a Jew, didn't matter what his religion was, they were to be wiped +-x-ojt5NCou-00235-00127931-00128468 out. In verse 23 we read, "Then if anyone says to you, "Behold, here is the" +-x-ojt5NCou-00236-00128468-00128888 "Christ, or There He is,' do not believe him. For false Christs and false prophets" +-x-ojt5NCou-00237-00128888-00129374 "will arise and will show great signs and wonders, so as to mislead, if possible," +-x-ojt5NCou-00238-00129374-00129896 "even the elect. Behold, I have told you in advance. So if they say to you, 'Behold, He" +-x-ojt5NCou-00239-00129896-00130331 "is in the wilderness,' do not go out, or, 'Behold, He is in the inner rooms,' do not" +-x-ojt5NCou-00240-00130331-00130964 "believe them." And so the believers would naturally associate the destruction of +-x-ojt5NCou-00241-00130964-00131414 Jerusalem with the return of Jesus. Remember, I said at the beginning, I'm not +-x-ojt5NCou-00242-00131414-00131948 sure if the Apostles thought that the end of destruction of Jerusalem +-x-ojt5NCou-00243-00131948-00132320 and the end of the world were one in the same, one would happen right +-x-ojt5NCou-00244-00132320-00132815 after the other. So Jesus here is warning them, warning believers who would +-x-ojt5NCou-00245-00132815-00133292 naturally associate the destruction of Jerusalem with the return of Jesus. So +-x-ojt5NCou-00246-00133292-00133653 the Lord warned them against being deceived by those who +-x-ojt5NCou-00247-00133653-00134331 would claim to be the Lord or speak from God at that critical time. Now Josephus +-x-ojt5NCou-00248-00134331-00134865 who was a Jewish historian of the time, he documents how, during this period the +-x-ojt5NCou-00249-00134865-00135465 siege of Jerusalem by the Roman army, during this period, rumors of the +-x-ojt5NCou-00250-00135465-00135960 Messiah coming or being present circulated in order to keep people in +-x-ojt5NCou-00251-00135960-00136371 the city because the leaders said if we stay in the city will be +-x-ojt5NCou-00252-00136371-00136752 safe. So they were always trying to keep people in the city. In those days +-x-ojt5NCou-00253-00136752-00137466 hysteria and fear produced many prophets who claimed visions and messages from +-x-ojt5NCou-00254-00137466-00137988 God. As a matter of fact, one fake prophet said that he would separate the Sea of +-x-ojt5NCou-00255-00137988-00138726 Galilee and 25,000 people followed him out and were ultimately destroyed. Verse +-x-ojt5NCou-00256-00138726-00139101 27. Now remember, we're still talking about the destruction of Jerusalem here. +-x-ojt5NCou-00257-00139101-00139536 Jesus is still talking about that. "For just as the lightning comes from the" +-x-ojt5NCou-00258-00139536-00140211 "east and flashes even to the west, so will the coming of the Son of Man be." So he tells +-x-ojt5NCou-00259-00140211-00140856 them that when he does return, not in 70 AD, it will be evident to everyone, like +-x-ojt5NCou-00260-00140856-00141504 lightning across the sky, all will be easily and readily seen. Everyone will +-x-ojt5NCou-00261-00141504-00141948 know that it is He. There won't be any doubt. There won't be any speculation. +-x-ojt5NCou-00262-00141948-00142761 There won't be any confusion like there is during the siege of Jerusalem. See +-x-ojt5NCou-00263-00142761-00143205 what he's saying? For those of you who think this is the second +-x-ojt5NCou-00264-00143205-00143667 coming, the destruction of Jerusalem, let me tell you this, during +-x-ojt5NCou-00265-00143667-00144003 the second coming, when the Son of Man comes, there won't be any +-x-ojt5NCou-00266-00144003-00144315 speculation, there won't be any false Christs. There won't be anything like +-x-ojt5NCou-00267-00144315-00144972 that. Everybody will know very clearly that this is the return of Jesus. Okay? So +-x-ojt5NCou-00268-00144972-00145665 he makes that point to kind of make sure there's no confusion here. Then +-x-ojt5NCou-00269-00145665-00146280 one more comment he makes, again, about the siege of Jerusalem. Destruction +-x-ojt5NCou-00270-00146280-00146763 of Jerusalem he says, "Wherever the corpse is, there the vultures will gather." So the +-x-ojt5NCou-00271-00146763-00147111 corpse, the Jewish nation, the vultures are the +-x-ojt5NCou-00272-00147111-00147684 false Christs and prophets. When you see them in abundance, this will be a second +-x-ojt5NCou-00273-00147684-00148374 sign that the end of Jerusalem is near. Verse 29. I said one more verse but we +-x-ojt5NCou-00274-00148374-00148665 have a couple more. It says, "But immediately after the tribulation of those days" +-x-ojt5NCou-00275-00148665-00149049 "The sun will be darkened, and the moon will not give its light, and the stars" +-x-ojt5NCou-00276-00149049-00149580 "will fall from the sky, and the powers of the heavens will be shaken." So the first +-x-ojt5NCou-00277-00149580-00150233 word in this verse presents a problem to some people. It says "But immediately", +-x-ojt5NCou-00278-00150233-00150849 immediately. If we make this next section a discussion about the end of the world +-x-ojt5NCou-00279-00150849-00151437 and the second coming of Jesus then it has to happen immediately after the +-x-ojt5NCou-00280-00151437-00151881 destruction of Jerusalem. See what I'm saying? It's just grammar. He's +-x-ojt5NCou-00281-00151881-00152238 talking about this, the destruction of Jerusalem, and then he says immediately +-x-ojt5NCou-00282-00152238-00152883 after that. Well if what he's saying in this and the next couple of verses +-x-ojt5NCou-00283-00152883-00153414 talk about the end of the world and His second coming, then the second coming +-x-ojt5NCou-00284-00153414-00153948 has to have happened after the destruction of Jerusalem. A lot of people +-x-ojt5NCou-00285-00153948-00154494 believe that's what he actually, that's what he actually taught here. A +-x-ojt5NCou-00286-00154494-00154965 lot of people call it the "70 AD theory", if you wish. They believe Jesus has +-x-ojt5NCou-00287-00154965-00155483 already come. Now, since the Man of Lawlessness has not been revealed and +-x-ojt5NCou-00288-00155483-00156093 Jesus has not returned we know that this passage must still be talking about the +-x-ojt5NCou-00289-00156093-00156882 events surrounding the destruction of Jerusalem. Next, verse 30, he says "And then" +-x-ojt5NCou-00290-00156882-00157218 "the sign of the Son of Man will appear in the sky, and then all the tribes of" +-x-ojt5NCou-00291-00157218-00157578 "the earth will mourn, and they will see the Son of Man coming on the clouds of" +-x-ojt5NCou-00292-00157578-00157992 "the sky with power and great glory. And He will send forth His angels with a" +-x-ojt5NCou-00293-00157992-00158313 "great trumpet and they will gather together His elect from the four winds," +-x-ojt5NCou-00294-00158313-00158925 "from one end of the sky to the other." So verse 29 to 31 talks about the +-x-ojt5NCou-00295-00158925-00159705 destruction and the effects that it has on others and on believers. The language +-x-ojt5NCou-00296-00159705-00160145 style is apocalyptic and you understand what apocalyptic +-x-ojt5NCou-00297-00160145-00160647 language or the literary apocalyptic literary style, as we've learned that +-x-ojt5NCou-00298-00160647-00161220 another in other studies. It's a particular type of language usually used, +-x-ojt5NCou-00299-00161220-00161924 if you wish, to describe cataclysmic and historical political events, +-x-ojt5NCou-00300-00161924-00162501 among other things used in the book of Revelation to kind of hide the message +-x-ojt5NCou-00301-00162501-00163215 from non-believers. Isaiah 13 describes the destruction of Babylon in similar +-x-ojt5NCou-00302-00163215-00164064 language. This very exalted kind of scary language if you will. So +-x-ojt5NCou-00303-00164064-00164454 language using the symbolism of the destruction of the heavenly bodies is +-x-ojt5NCou-00304-00164454-00165021 used to describe the very real fate of the world at the end but it's also used +-x-ojt5NCou-00305-00165021-00165753 to describe the end and the destruction of nations. So we use this or the +-x-ojt5NCou-00306-00165753-00166227 writers of the Bible use this kind of apocalyptic language yes, to talk about +-x-ojt5NCou-00307-00166227-00166658 the end of the world and yes, especially in Revelation, so and so forth, but also +-x-ojt5NCou-00308-00166658-00167267 they use this type of language to describe some momentous event that took +-x-ojt5NCou-00309-00167267-00168075 place in history usually the destruction of a nation. In this case they're using, +-x-ojt5NCou-00310-00168075-00168617 Jesus is using this language in order to describe the end of the Jewish nation as +-x-ojt5NCou-00311-00168617-00169197 a people under God's special care and that's a momentous thing. Here's a nation +-x-ojt5NCou-00312-00169197-00169932 that's been there for centuries, now coming to an end, its purpose exhausted. +-x-ojt5NCou-00313-00169932-00170523 And so the coming of the Son of Man that we read about here refers to both the +-x-ojt5NCou-00314-00170523-00171167 second coming at the end of the world yes, but also the final judgment on a +-x-ojt5NCou-00315-00171167-00172020 nation, any nation that God makes, in this case a judgment on the nation of Israel. +-x-ojt5NCou-00316-00172020-00172569 And it also fits with the context of this passage. The Jews who rejected him +-x-ojt5NCou-00317-00172569-00173157 now will see him coming as a form of judgment on their nation, a terrible +-x-ojt5NCou-00318-00173157-00173469 catastrophe that would horrify the world but +-x-ojt5NCou-00319-00173469-00173964 liberate Christians and the gospel from Jewish persecution. The whole point here +-x-ojt5NCou-00320-00173964-00174405 about the elect and the angels and the messengers going to collect the souls, +-x-ojt5NCou-00321-00174405-00175068 the idea is that the the main hole, the main obstacle +-x-ojt5NCou-00322-00175068-00175713 to Christianity in the first century was the Jewish nation. Paul was +-x-ojt5NCou-00323-00175713-00176423 hounded by Jewish leaders. The restrictions on Christianity came from +-x-ojt5NCou-00324-00176423-00176981 the Jews that didn't want it to flourish. Take away the Jewish nation and +-x-ojt5NCou-00325-00176981-00177677 Christianity began to flourish and spread evenly, spread evenly, of course +-x-ojt5NCou-00326-00177677-00178224 spread across the world. So the Greek word that is translated "angel" can also +-x-ojt5NCou-00327-00178224-00178935 be translated "messenger". So this verse can be seen as prophecy concerning the +-x-ojt5NCou-00328-00178935-00179502 spreading of the gospel throughout the world after the fall of Jerusalem. +-x-ojt5NCou-00329-00179502-00179958 Verse 14 said that this needed to be done before Christ's return and +-x-ojt5NCou-00330-00179958-00180479 now with the ideological and the cultural restraints of Judaism removed, +-x-ojt5NCou-00331-00180479-00181170 Christianity could flourish even more. We go to 32, "Now learn the parable from" +-x-ojt5NCou-00332-00181170-00181533 "the fig tree: when its branch has already become tender and puts forth its leaves," +-x-ojt5NCou-00333-00181533-00182001 "you know that summer is near; so, you too, when you see all these things, recognize" +-x-ojt5NCou-00334-00182001-00182580 "that He is near, right at the door. Truly I say to you, this generation will not" +-x-ojt5NCou-00335-00182580-00182979 "pass away until all these things take place. heaven and earth will pass away," +-x-ojt5NCou-00336-00182979-00183576 "but My words will not pass away." So Jesus warns them to pay attention to the signs +-x-ojt5NCou-00337-00183576-00184146 that He has given them because they will happen in their generation. Again, if He's +-x-ojt5NCou-00338-00184146-00184401 talking about the end of the world, the end of the world should have +-x-ojt5NCou-00339-00184401-00184944 happened in their generation. Okay? And He promises by His word that these things +-x-ojt5NCou-00340-00184944-00185619 are going to happen. Okay? So all the way up to verse 35 He is talking about +-x-ojt5NCou-00341-00185619-00186345 the destruction of Jerusalem, giving them signs about when it will happen, +-x-ojt5NCou-00342-00186345-00186859 kind of giving clues to the believers when to escape +-x-ojt5NCou-00343-00186859-00187449 with their lives, also describing the idea that when the destruction of +-x-ojt5NCou-00344-00187449-00187902 Jerusalem, the temple, and the nation and the influence of the Jewish +-x-ojt5NCou-00345-00187902-00188572 religion is removed, then the gospel will be released to be preached throughout +-x-ojt5NCou-00346-00188572-00189232 the world. Alright? So now we go to a second focus. Remember the panoramic view, +-x-ojt5NCou-00347-00189232-00189874 telescope into the 70 AD destruction and now Jesus is going to telescope in but +-x-ojt5NCou-00348-00189874-00190653 to the events taking place at the end of the world. Okay? So he's just explained to +-x-ojt5NCou-00349-00190653-00191101 them the signs that will preview the destruction of Jerusalem as I said, the +-x-ojt5NCou-00350-00191101-00191652 preaching of all nations will take place Romans 10:18, the +-x-ojt5NCou-00351-00191652-00192153 multiplication of false Christs. We know that happened because of Josephus writes +-x-ojt5NCou-00352-00192153-00192733 about that. The abomination of the temple Luke 21:20 talks about that. And then the +-x-ojt5NCou-00353-00192733-00193120 great tribulation, the suffering that took place and the horror of the thing. +-x-ojt5NCou-00354-00193120-00193702 Again, Josephus writes about that in his history. Now in verse 36 to 44 he +-x-ojt5NCou-00355-00193702-00194367 makes a contrast of this event, 70 AD with the second coming at the end of the +-x-ojt5NCou-00356-00194367-00194986 world. So let's read that beginning in verse 36. "But of that day, that day and" +-x-ojt5NCou-00357-00194986-00195390 "But of that day and hour no one knows, not even the angels of heaven, nor the Son, but the Father alone." +-x-ojt5NCou-00358-00195390-00195925 So He's told them clues on when to figure out when the destruction is going +-x-ojt5NCou-00359-00195925-00196302 to happen but now He switches. He's talking about the end of the world and +-x-ojt5NCou-00360-00196302-00196764 the very first thing He says about the second coming is that nobody knows, no +-x-ojt5NCou-00361-00196764-00197241 one knows the time not even Jesus while He is with his disciples. So of course +-x-ojt5NCou-00362-00197241-00197809 this refers to the second coming not to the destruction of Jerusalem. Let's keep +-x-ojt5NCou-00363-00197809-00198250 going. It says, "For the coming of the Son of Man will be just like the days of" +-x-ojt5NCou-00364-00198250-00198589 "Noah. For as in those days before the flood they were eating and drinking," +-x-ojt5NCou-00365-00198589-00199053 "marrying and giving in marriage, until the day that Noah" +-x-ojt5NCou-00366-00199053-00199594 "entered the ark, and they did not understand until the flood came and took" +-x-ojt5NCou-00367-00199594-00200099 "them all away; so will the coming of the Son of Man be." +-x-ojt5NCou-00368-00200099-00200927 So He says there will be no cataclysmic signs for the second coming. Yeah so when +-x-ojt5NCou-00369-00200927-00201410 we talked about 70 AD there were signs. And He told him watch for this and +-x-ojt5NCou-00370-00201410-00201761 watch... But now he's talking about the second coming, the end of the world. He +-x-ojt5NCou-00371-00201761-00202322 says there will be no signs, everything will seem normal. Normal in the sense +-x-ojt5NCou-00372-00202322-00202748 that the believers will be preparing themselves for the second coming and the +-x-ojt5NCou-00373-00202748-00203177 end of the world and the rest of the world will be ignoring all of it until +-x-ojt5NCou-00374-00203177-00203852 it is too late just like the time of Noah. Verse 40, "Then there will be two men" +-x-ojt5NCou-00375-00203852-00204299 "in the field; one will be taken and one will be left. Two women will be grinding" +-x-ojt5NCou-00376-00204299-00204838 "at the mill; one will be taken and one will be left." Oh such confusion about +-x-ojt5NCou-00377-00204838-00205484 this verse. Some take this verse to mean that before Jesus returns some will be +-x-ojt5NCou-00378-00205484-00206135 taken in a quote rapture and they'll disappear to be with God in heaven. This +-x-ojt5NCou-00379-00206135-00206633 is part of the Pre-millenialist view of the rapture and the thousand-year reign. +-x-ojt5NCou-00380-00206633-00207139 A lot of books, even movies, even license plates say if +-x-ojt5NCou-00381-00207139-00207626 I'm not in my car I'm up in the rapture, this idea. But if you +-x-ojt5NCou-00382-00207626-00208090 look at this verse in context Jesus is talking about the end of the world but +-x-ojt5NCou-00383-00208090-00208816 he's talking about readiness. He says that when He returns suddenly one +-x-ojt5NCou-00384-00208816-00209365 person will be saved and one person will be lost. There will be no time for +-x-ojt5NCou-00385-00209365-00209933 repentance and change. That's what He's saying. Just like Noah when the rain came +-x-ojt5NCou-00386-00209933-00210434 they were taken and they disappeared into the ark and the others remain to +-x-ojt5NCou-00387-00210434-00211157 die in the flood. And so Jesus is saying when He comes the faithful will be taken +-x-ojt5NCou-00388-00211157-00211700 to be with Him and the disbelievers immediately put away from His presence. +-x-ojt5NCou-00389-00211700-00212236 That's what He's talking about. Verse 42 to 44, "Therefore be on the alert, for you" +-x-ojt5NCou-00390-00212236-00212648 "do not know which day your Lord is coming. But be sure of this, that if the" +-x-ojt5NCou-00391-00212648-00213017 "head of the house had known at what time of the night the thief was coming, he would" +-x-ojt5NCou-00392-00213017-00213398 "have been on the alert and would not have allowed his house to be broken into." +-x-ojt5NCou-00393-00213398-00213776 "For this reason you also must be ready; for the Son of Man is coming at an hour" +-x-ojt5NCou-00394-00213776-00214336 "when you do not think He will." So since the end is like this, everything is +-x-ojt5NCou-00395-00214336-00214775 normal than all the sudden BOOM it's over, we should always be prepared and not +-x-ojt5NCou-00396-00214775-00215248 foolishly lapsed into sin thinking that we've got plenty of time to repent and +-x-ojt5NCou-00397-00215248-00215785 plenty of time to be ready for the return. We never know He says, you have to +-x-ojt5NCou-00398-00215785-00216527 always be ready. Okay? So He finishes, now He's talked about this, He's talked +-x-ojt5NCou-00399-00216527-00217060 about the panoramic view of history, the cycle, the devolution. +-x-ojt5NCou-00400-00217060-00217642 Then He's talked to, zeroed in on 70 AD, the signs that will accompany that. +-x-ojt5NCou-00401-00217642-00218153 The clue given to believers to know when to escape and so on and so +-x-ojt5NCou-00402-00218153-00218615 forth. And then He telescopes into the end of the world and tells them the +-x-ojt5NCou-00403-00218615-00218971 very opposite, but when the end of the world comes there is no clue. Nobody +-x-ojt5NCou-00404-00218971-00219359 knows when it comes. It'll happen suddenly, two people, two people +-x-ojt5NCou-00405-00219359-00219944 are working equally at a task, the end comes, one is saved, one is lost, no time +-x-ojt5NCou-00406-00219944-00220746 for repentance, no time for a change of mind. So He finishes this and He +-x-ojt5NCou-00407-00220746-00221489 gives them parables to explain the things that He's just told them, to +-x-ojt5NCou-00408-00221489-00222067 reinforce the main idea that He's given them. And the main idea is to be ready. Be +-x-ojt5NCou-00409-00222067-00222644 ready when 70 AD comes. Be ready, look at the clues, pay attention. And if +-x-ojt5NCou-00410-00222644-00223100 you live beyond that, like we do today, be ready because at the end of the world +-x-ojt5NCou-00411-00223100-00223505 there won't be any clues. You have to be ready all the time. So he gives several +-x-ojt5NCou-00412-00223505-00223979 parables that underscores that idea of being ready. We won't read them but I'll +-x-ojt5NCou-00413-00223979-00224344 just kind of summarize them. The first one is the parable of the evil slave. +-x-ojt5NCou-00414-00224344-00225073 Okay? Versus 45 to 51, here the lesson is not to presume that we +-x-ojt5NCou-00415-00225073-00225551 have the luxury of sinning because the end is far away. It can come at any time. +-x-ojt5NCou-00416-00225551-00226289 And the judgment is sure for those who are unfaithful. And so that's the parable +-x-ojt5NCou-00417-00226289-00226696 of the evil slave. The next one is the parable of the ten virgins. Right? We're +-x-ojt5NCou-00418-00226696-00226958 familiar with that. They're waiting for the +-x-ojt5NCou-00419-00226958-00227357 bridegroom. Some of them run out of oil. The ones who have the oil go with +-x-ojt5NCou-00420-00227357-00227810 the bridegroom, the ones who don't have the oil door shut out. Okay? So here Jesus +-x-ojt5NCou-00421-00227810-00228296 warns against the foolishness of not being ready. There's not... It's +-x-ojt5NCou-00422-00228296-00228742 not a question of evil here like the other paragraph, the other parable. It's a +-x-ojt5NCou-00423-00228742-00229256 question of negligence. To neglect Christ will bring destruction in the end as +-x-ojt5NCou-00424-00229256-00229642 well. So that second parable explains that same idea. And then thirdly, the +-x-ojt5NCou-00425-00229642-00230144 parable of the talents 14 to 30. Here the warning is for those who are in the +-x-ojt5NCou-00426-00230144-00230762 kingdom but who failed to expand its borders and fail to serve the king with +-x-ojt5NCou-00427-00230762-00231287 zeal. In the parable of the talents the slave, he wasn't caught or surprised +-x-ojt5NCou-00428-00231287-00231836 unprepared. He just assumed that his preparation was sufficient when it +-x-ojt5NCou-00429-00231836-00232352 wasn't. So all these parables have the element of preparation and judgment and +-x-ojt5NCou-00430-00232352-00232802 punishment for those who neglect to prepare for the return of the master. +-x-ojt5NCou-00431-00232802-00233255 Certainly for the Jews and the Christians in 70 AD they had to be +-x-ojt5NCou-00432-00233255-00233701 ready. They had to be watching. And certainly for us and future generations +-x-ojt5NCou-00433-00233701-00234200 we have to be ready and watching also but our watching is not looking for +-x-ojt5NCou-00434-00234200-00234605 clues our watching is watching ourselves to make sure that we are ready +-x-ojt5NCou-00435-00234605-00235271 spiritually for when the Lord will come. And then in chapter 25, again, not going +-x-ojt5NCou-00436-00235271-00235757 to read all of that but that's the climax of all of this. The +-x-ojt5NCou-00437-00235757-00236255 prophecy about 70 AD, the end of the world and all the parables, the climax is +-x-ojt5NCou-00438-00236255-00236951 the judgment scene, the climax of this discourse that we've just gone +-x-ojt5NCou-00439-00236951-00237341 through is the judgment scene at the end of the world, the sheep and the +-x-ojt5NCou-00440-00237341-00238001 goats, that type of thing, those who have fed the hungry and +-x-ojt5NCou-00441-00238001-00238415 and taking care of the poor and visited the sick and those who are in prison. +-x-ojt5NCou-00442-00238415-00238904 Those people who have done that, they receive the blessing. Those +-x-ojt5NCou-00443-00238904-00239419 people who have neglected that, they do not receive the blessing. And so those +-x-ojt5NCou-00444-00239419-00239885 found to be righteous have obeyed the commands to love God and they refer to +-x-ojt5NCou-00445-00239885-00240413 Him as Lord as well as their neighbor. The idea of the climax +-x-ojt5NCou-00446-00240413-00240842 of this is, how are you going to be ready? You're going to be ready by +-x-ojt5NCou-00447-00240842-00241136 doing the will of the Lord. And what is the will of the Lord? Well, that you love +-x-ojt5NCou-00448-00241136-00241573 your neighbor, that you serve your neighbor, that you keep yourself free +-x-ojt5NCou-00449-00241573-00242150 from the effects of the world. And those condemned? They have the very same judgment +-x-ojt5NCou-00450-00242150-00242555 and are condemned because, well, they weren't ready. How were they not ready? +-x-ojt5NCou-00451-00242555-00242867 They knew about the Lord so on and so forth, yes, but their faith did not +-x-ojt5NCou-00452-00242867-00243635 produce any fruit and so the punishment and the reward is eternal in nature. And +-x-ojt5NCou-00453-00243635-00244211 the overarching theme for all of this, the passages about the panoramic +-x-ojt5NCou-00454-00244211-00244766 view, the 70 AD, the end of the world, all the parables and then the judgment +-x-ojt5NCou-00455-00244766-00245438 scene, the whole overarching theme is you have to be ready. You have +-x-ojt5NCou-00456-00245438-00245927 to be ready for the coming of the Lord. You have to be ready for the coming of +-x-ojt5NCou-00457-00245927-00246611 the king. That we say in our particular series here. Well, okay, I hope this +-x-ojt5NCou-00458-00246611-00247144 lesson provides us with a more complete understanding of the teaching about +-x-ojt5NCou-00459-00247144-00247817 Jesus's return and what will happen before and at his appearance. Now, the +-x-ojt5NCou-00460-00247817-00248327 lesson we've looked at today is from another series entitled "The King and His +-x-ojt5NCou-00461-00248327-00248842 Kingdom" and that lesson along with the others in that series are all available +-x-ojt5NCou-00462-00248842-00249329 on the Bible talk TV website. So if you're interested in "The King +-x-ojt5NCou-00463-00249329-00249641 and His Kingdom" you can go to the website and check out all of those +-x-ojt5NCou-00464-00249641-00250163 lessons. We also have for our class here and those who are watching online, we +-x-ojt5NCou-00465-00250163-00250717 have lesson notes and also bonus material available for the people in the +-x-ojt5NCou-00466-00250717-00251111 class and for those folks who want to download it from the website. They can do +-x-ojt5NCou-00467-00251111-00251507 that. Okay? Next time we get together we're going to finish our series on +-x-ojt5NCou-00468-00251507-00251912 First and Second Thessalonians preparing for the second coming of Christ. So we +-x-ojt5NCou-00469-00251912-00252321 look forward to seeing you next time. +-xDGnydGa38-00000-00000061-00000482 “Unclaimed Baggage” We’re all a part of something. +-xDGnydGa38-00001-00000482-00001069 Identity in the US is often tied to national origin, but it is also deeply informed by +-xDGnydGa38-00002-00001069-00001601 our personal experiences and the influence of our family members, even when the family +-xDGnydGa38-00003-00001601-00002030 members are communal relatives, but not genetically related to us. +-xDGnydGa38-00004-00002030-00002515 I have a very mixed and complicated family history, so these concepts have always intrigued +-xDGnydGa38-00005-00002515-00002615 me. +-xDGnydGa38-00006-00002615-00003093 When Barack Obama was elected President, the narrative was of a nation that had transcended +-xDGnydGa38-00007-00003093-00003193 race. +-xDGnydGa38-00008-00003193-00003610 Subsequently the President’s race and identity were relentlessly questioned. +-xDGnydGa38-00009-00003610-00004150 Like the President, my own heritage is of mixed Caucasian and African input. +-xDGnydGa38-00010-00004150-00004507 Like him, I was also raised in a white family culture. +-xDGnydGa38-00011-00004507-00005107 So I always felt a part of white culture, yet at the same time apart from it as well. +-xDGnydGa38-00012-00005107-00005460 Not completely different, but not completely the same. +-xDGnydGa38-00013-00005460-00005626 My name is Dave Deal. +-xDGnydGa38-00014-00005626-00006210 I’m a biracial person with a multicultural background in 21st century America, a country +-xDGnydGa38-00015-00006210-00006814 that proclaims a homogenous American cultural ideal while simultaneously embracing the multicultural +-xDGnydGa38-00016-00006814-00007168 histories and immigrant origins of its population. +-xDGnydGa38-00017-00007168-00007550 I sometimes feel like a living genetic and cultural melting pot. +-xDGnydGa38-00018-00007550-00008053 When people ask me about my family history and ethnic background, it can take hours to +-xDGnydGa38-00019-00008053-00008411 answer and explore without ever fully telling the story. +-xDGnydGa38-00020-00008411-00008854 Usually, I try to sum up the main points in a few seconds. +-xDGnydGa38-00021-00008854-00009340 But when life is a growing transformation, can we ever truly finish defining a personal +-xDGnydGa38-00022-00009340-00009627 history that is still in progress? +-xDGnydGa38-00023-00009627-00009963 And what defines the limits of a family history? +-xDGnydGa38-00024-00009963-00010459 Where do we delineate the barriers between what we choose to include and what we choose +-xDGnydGa38-00025-00010459-00010632 to exclude? +-xDGnydGa38-00026-00010632-00011104 So why have I decided to add my personal narrative to the Immigration History Research Center +-xDGnydGa38-00027-00011104-00011204 archive? +-xDGnydGa38-00028-00011204-00011784 Because, like so many in America, much of my own journey has been one of self-discovery +-xDGnydGa38-00029-00011784-00012331 and probing my own sense of identity toward a more thorough self-understanding. +-xDGnydGa38-00030-00012331-00012910 Because I am partially adopted, the history of how I have become who I am goes beyond +-xDGnydGa38-00031-00012910-00013188 the limits of my genetic code. +-xDGnydGa38-00032-00013188-00013519 My mom, Helen Hunter, is a family biographer. +-xDGnydGa38-00033-00013519-00014144 She loves reading and narratives and in 2012 published a memoir of her childhood. +-xDGnydGa38-00034-00014144-00014708 It explores the evolving family history from her immigrant father’s transition to America +-xDGnydGa38-00035-00014708-00015112 and her mother’s courageous struggle for independence, access to education, and a career, +-xDGnydGa38-00036-00015112-00015747 to the challenges of depression, suicide, and raising a mixed family in the post‐war +-xDGnydGa38-00037-00015747-00015847 years. +-xDGnydGa38-00038-00015847-00016304 My mom was encouraged and inspired by her mother, Pauline Hunter, my grandmother. +-xDGnydGa38-00039-00016304-00016731 The eldest daughter of German farmers, her first language was German, which she spoke +-xDGnydGa38-00040-00016731-00017169 until it was banned in her community during the anti-immigrant sentiment of World War +-xDGnydGa38-00041-00017169-00017706 I. Intelligent and tall, my grandmother was a nurse manager in Minnesota’s state mental +-xDGnydGa38-00042-00017706-00017876 hospitals. +-xDGnydGa38-00043-00017876-00018447 My grandfather Robert Hunter emigrated from county Mayo in Ireland in 1922, during the +-xDGnydGa38-00044-00018447-00018646 aftermath of the Irish Civil War. +-xDGnydGa38-00045-00018646-00019170 He had been a Black and Tan during the conflict that led to the partition of Ireland. +-xDGnydGa38-00046-00019170-00019781 In America he trained greyhounds and worked in the mental hospital with my grandmother. +-xDGnydGa38-00047-00019781-00020422 Like my maternal grandfather, my birth father, Rex Mhiripiri, an artist, was also a war refugee. +-xDGnydGa38-00048-00020422-00020985 He emigrated from Zimbabwe, a country torn by an oppressive apartheid-style government. +-xDGnydGa38-00049-00020985-00021511 Years after he had left my mother, I ran into his son, my brother John, when we attended +-xDGnydGa38-00050-00021511-00021706 the Minneapolis South High School together. +-xDGnydGa38-00051-00021706-00022203 From this chance meeting, I learned that I had many siblings living in suburban Minneapolis. +-xDGnydGa38-00052-00022203-00022573 But when we talk about our family histories and the individuals that have contributed +-xDGnydGa38-00053-00022573-00023062 to who we are, the ingredients aren’t limited to biological connection. +-xDGnydGa38-00054-00023062-00023699 My dad, Max Deal, married my mother Helen in 1969, and adopted me as his own when I +-xDGnydGa38-00055-00023699-00023917 was one year old. +-xDGnydGa38-00056-00023917-00024340 Having moved from North Carolina to work in the civil rights movement, he encouraged my +-xDGnydGa38-00057-00024340-00024856 pursuit of academic excellence and cheered me on in soccer and basketball games. +-xDGnydGa38-00058-00024856-00025221 He and my mother Helen had my sister, Lex, together. +-xDGnydGa38-00059-00025221-00025723 She and I share many memories and experiences from our parent’s marriage. +-xDGnydGa38-00060-00025723-00026187 Unfinished stories: In the years following my parent’s divorce, +-xDGnydGa38-00061-00026187-00026380 they both remarried. +-xDGnydGa38-00062-00026380-00026870 Mom married Brian McCaffrey, a Lutheran minister raised in Robbinsdale, Minnesota of Scottish +-xDGnydGa38-00063-00026870-00027528 and Irish descent, a real Boy Scout, literally, with a heart of gold and a good sense of humor. +-xDGnydGa38-00064-00027528-00027712 Dad married Jackie Deal. +-xDGnydGa38-00065-00027712-00028177 She grew up in rural Eastern North Carolina and shares his love for travel. +-xDGnydGa38-00066-00028177-00028433 They raised two children together. +-xDGnydGa38-00067-00028433-00028908 All of these interwoven relationship narratives have informed and influenced my own personal +-xDGnydGa38-00068-00028908-00029088 story to varying degrees. +-xDGnydGa38-00069-00029088-00029665 It is a continuing conversation and an evolving personal narrative history. +-xDGnydGa38-00070-00029665-00029841 How does one belong? +-xDGnydGa38-00071-00029841-00030002 And how do I fit in? +-xDGnydGa38-00072-00030002-00030427 These are the kinds of questions that I ask myself regularly. +-xDGnydGa38-00073-00030427-00030740 Relationships weave in and out of influence and frequency in my life. +-xDGnydGa38-00074-00030740-00031030 I don’t know that I have a feeling of it. +-xDGnydGa38-00075-00031030-00031287 Being a part of something but also apart. +-_6ww5adL3k-00000-00000000-00000346 Hey it's Danny from conscious calisthenics here so I get a lot of +-_6ww5adL3k-00001-00000346-00000968 people ask me on a regular basis how can I start eating one meal day on an +-_6ww5adL3k-00002-00000968-00001222 everyday basis which some people call the omad +-_6ww5adL3k-00003-00001222-00001772 diet. So I'm going to share with you how you can do it from what I've learnt +-_6ww5adL3k-00004-00001772-00002256 from my own personal experience with eating one meal a day and I find eating this +-_6ww5adL3k-00005-00002256-00002684 way really really easy and I get no hunger what so ever +-_6ww5adL3k-00006-00002684-00003384 even when 24 hours into fasting on water only. So what I first wanna mention is +-_6ww5adL3k-00007-00003384-00003976 about what you can be consuming whilst you're in the fasted state that will not +-_6ww5adL3k-00008-00003976-00004504 break you out of it. So number one water is not going to because it contains no +-_6ww5adL3k-00009-00004506-00004926 calories whatsoever, anything with calories you want to be avoiding at all +-_6ww5adL3k-00010-00004926-00005274 costs, some people are saying you can have around 50 calories but I do not belief +-_6ww5adL3k-00011-00005274-00005642 that from the research that I've looked into and learnt from certain people that +-_6ww5adL3k-00012-00005642-00006198 I really really trust. Black coffee is absolutely fine, zero calorie drinks but +-_6ww5adL3k-00013-00006198-00006494 most of them contain artificial sweeteners and other toxic substances +-_6ww5adL3k-00014-00006494-00007084 so they're best avoided, apple cider vinegar and various other zero calorie drinks, +-_6ww5adL3k-00015-00007084-00007358 don't be consuming anything like juice because some people ask me if they can do that +-_6ww5adL3k-00016-00007358-00007904 they contain calories and no coconut water either but what I will mention is +-_6ww5adL3k-00017-00007904-00008578 that dr. Rhonda Patrick in a video that she was being interviewed by Joe Rogan +-_6ww5adL3k-00018-00008578-00008882 on his YouTube channel she actually said if you're consuming +-_6ww5adL3k-00019-00008882-00009506 anything except for water during your fasted state that it fires up your +-_6ww5adL3k-00020-00009506-00009908 metabolism and that will break you out of a truly fasted state so you won't +-_6ww5adL3k-00021-00009914-00010332 necessarily get the full benefits so I do recommend that you try and do water +-_6ww5adL3k-00022-00010332-00010712 but if you're new to it have something like black coffee or apple cider vinegar +-_6ww5adL3k-00023-00010712-00011106 and as you get more used to one meal a day then you can start to have water +-_6ww5adL3k-00024-00011106-00011480 only and what I say from my own experience, I've done water only from the +-_6ww5adL3k-00025-00011480-00011774 beginning and I have an abundance of energy throughout the day. I'm an +-_6ww5adL3k-00026-00011774-00012102 entrepreneur that runs multiple businesses. I'm very busy in my life I +-_6ww5adL3k-00027-00012102-00012762 train with very hardcore calisthenics exercises on a regular basis and I do it +-_6ww5adL3k-00028-00012762-00013088 in a completely fasted state and I feel absolutely amazing throughout my whole +-_6ww5adL3k-00029-00013088-00013391 day and my health is just at the highest that +-_6ww5adL3k-00030-00013391-00013890 ever been and I have a super super low body fat as you can see doing pretty +-_6ww5adL3k-00031-00013890-00014344 damn well and yeah got quite a ripped body and a lot of people ask me how much +-_6ww5adL3k-00032-00014344-00014700 water should you be drinking? It variates from person to person depending on how hot +-_6ww5adL3k-00033-00014700-00015024 the country you live in, how physically active you are and many different +-_6ww5adL3k-00034-00015024-00015444 factors as well so just drink when you feel that you need to drink don't just +-_6ww5adL3k-00035-00015444-00015882 drink a set amount because someone tells you to because we're all different so it +-_6ww5adL3k-00036-00015882-00016353 shouldn't just be a specific set amount and what I would say with me most of my +-_6ww5adL3k-00037-00016353-00016878 fasting is done in a dry fasted state which means abstain from all food and +-_6ww5adL3k-00038-00016878-00017235 liquids completely but I don't necessarily recommend this to someone +-_6ww5adL3k-00039-00017235-00017553 that is new to one meal a day this is you're saying there's naturally occurred +-_6ww5adL3k-00040-00017553-00017970 for me over time and it has been actually shown through scientific +-_6ww5adL3k-00041-00017970-00018462 research that I will put a link down below for the dry fasting actually burns +-_6ww5adL3k-00042-00018462-00019260 fat three, yes three times faster than fasting on water only which is +-_6ww5adL3k-00043-00019260-00019522 absolutely amazing but this something you want to be very careful and cautious +-_6ww5adL3k-00044-00019522-00019958 with, do your research on it and yeah just don't jump into it with no +-_6ww5adL3k-00045-00019959-00020279 knowledge and no experience I say if you're gonna get into dry fasting do +-_6ww5adL3k-00046-00020279-00020579 it for shorter periods of time then increase it gradually over time but yeah +-_6ww5adL3k-00047-00020579-00021003 just be very very careful because this can induce very intense detoxification +-_6ww5adL3k-00048-00021003-00021398 symptoms in you and some people can just make them feel awful so make sure that +-_6ww5adL3k-00049-00021398-00021681 you stay safe and the reason I'll do this like I said +-_6ww5adL3k-00050-00021681-00022212 my body naturally wants me to do this and I know when my body needs water +-_6ww5adL3k-00051-00022212-00022692 because I feel a very strong urge and desire for it so then I will drink water +-_6ww5adL3k-00052-00022692-00023157 but if I'm drinking water the majority time I only drink around 300 milliliters +-_6ww5adL3k-00053-00023157-00023495 of water but if I'm a lot more active and I'm sweating a lot and I'm in the +-_6ww5adL3k-00054-00023495-00024000 Sun like on this Beach then yeah I will need more water, so my water intake +-_6ww5adL3k-00055-00024000-00024486 varies from day to day dependent on many different things. So now on to the food +-_6ww5adL3k-00056-00024486-00024851 side of things, a lot of people recommend with one meal a day calorie restriction. +-_6ww5adL3k-00057-00024851-00025575 I do not at all, i eat around 3,000 to 4,000 calories per meal when eating one +-_6ww5adL3k-00058-00025575-00025860 meal a day that I do every single day and if you would like to see what I eat +-_6ww5adL3k-00059-00025860-00026214 in a day I'm gonna put a link for one video here and one at the end and you +-_6ww5adL3k-00060-00026214-00026650 can search on my channel for many what I eat in a day videos, where I live in +-_6ww5adL3k-00061-00026650-00027018 Thailand and eat at may different amazing restaurants so yet for +-_6ww5adL3k-00062-00027018-00027462 me i eat a whole foods plant-based diet, I do no calorie counting, no calorie +-_6ww5adL3k-00063-00027462-00027891 restriction, I'm allowed an unlimited amount of calories and whatever foods I +-_6ww5adL3k-00064-00027891-00028374 want as long as they are plant-based vegan foods but what I say is you don't +-_6ww5adL3k-00065-00028374-00028788 necessarily need to eat this diet because doing one meal a day it will +-_6ww5adL3k-00066-00028788-00029268 help you achieve the body type that you want to give you a low body fat +-_6ww5adL3k-00067-00029268-00029574 percentage and increase your muscle mass at the same time if that's what you're +-_6ww5adL3k-00068-00029574-00030024 looking for with any type of diet that you're eating which is absolutely +-_6ww5adL3k-00069-00030024-00030387 amazing because so many people are told that you need to eat all different types +-_6ww5adL3k-00070-00030387-00030652 of diets that could be very very restrictive to get the weight-loss +-_6ww5adL3k-00071-00030652-00031035 benefits that you're looking to achieve whilst increasing your muscle mass but +-_6ww5adL3k-00072-00031035-00031577 this is why I call one meal a day and intermittent fasting in general the ultimate +-_6ww5adL3k-00073-00031577-00031952 weight-loss hack but I do always recommend you try and eat as many whole +-_6ww5adL3k-00074-00031952-00032430 foods that are plant-based because they're high in water content, high in +-_6ww5adL3k-00075-00032430-00032816 fiber they got an abundance of nutrients in there help improve your digestion and +-_6ww5adL3k-00076-00032816-00033462 your health overall. So yeah make sure when you are eating that you eat as many +-_6ww5adL3k-00077-00033462-00033906 calories as you possibly can because I found when I tried to do some calorie +-_6ww5adL3k-00078-00033906-00034230 restriction, I don't have an abundance of energy throughout the day my mind doesn't work so +-_6ww5adL3k-00079-00034230-00034710 well, I don't have as much motivation, no drive. Yeh it just doesn't work for me at +-_6ww5adL3k-00080-00034710-00035222 all and I find that I get hungry very very easily so from our own +-_6ww5adL3k-00081-00035222-00035626 experimentation I found once I started increasing my calorie intake to around 3000 +-_6ww5adL3k-00082-00035626-00036374 to 4,000 calories per my one meal a day it is easy for me to fast 22 to 24 hours +-_6ww5adL3k-00083-00036374-00036708 a day and even when I get to 24 hour period I still have experienced no +-_6ww5adL3k-00084-00036708-00037164 hunger and I still have amazing energy levels but for me I know that I should +-_6ww5adL3k-00085-00037164-00037578 be eating some food because yeah I don't want to be fasting any longer than that +-_6ww5adL3k-00086-00037578-00038074 because I just feel at least for me that it's completely unnecessary so yeah +-_6ww5adL3k-00087-00038074-00038618 don't restrict that or eat like a warrior eat as much as you want +-_6ww5adL3k-00088-00038618-00038922 and yet you could experiment with this and find out how much you need to eat +-_6ww5adL3k-00089-00038922-00039284 maybe you don't need to eat as much as me but I have found the sweet spot for +-_6ww5adL3k-00090-00039284-00039754 me and it works really really well and yes you feel very very full afterwards, a +-_6ww5adL3k-00091-00039754-00040124 lot of people say they feel bloated but no you stomach is just +-_6ww5adL3k-00092-00040124-00040502 full of food and if you're not used to eating a lot of food you just train your +-_6ww5adL3k-00093-00040502-00040936 body to eat more and more and more so slowly build up, say for example when you +-_6ww5adL3k-00094-00040936-00041232 get into running you don't just start running marathons, you start with running small +-_6ww5adL3k-00095-00041232-00041543 amounts like 500 meters and then a kilometer then two kilometers, three kilometers, +-_6ww5adL3k-00096-00041544-00042066 five kilometers and so forth so it's training your body so it can be eating a +-_6ww5adL3k-00097-00042066-00042416 large quantity of food over time and a lot of people say to me don't you feel +-_6ww5adL3k-00098-00042416-00042778 like crap afterwards? Doesn't it drop your energy levels massively +-_6ww5adL3k-00099-00042778-00043312 well if I'm in my very high energy state and I've been sleeping very well and +-_6ww5adL3k-00100-00043312-00043650 going to bed early and looking after myself, a lot at the time actually feel +-_6ww5adL3k-00101-00043650-00044048 energized from the food and actually work for hours afterwards as well so +-_6ww5adL3k-00102-00044048-00044418 from my own experience no it doesn't make me feel absolutely rubbish and +-_6ww5adL3k-00103-00044418-00044846 awful but maybe it would if you eat in certain types of unhealthy foods who +-_6ww5adL3k-00104-00044846-00045329 knows but I don't eat any like highly refined processed garbage foods at least +-_6ww5adL3k-00105-00045329-00045737 the majority of the time and for me I eat anywhere from an hour to two hours +-_6ww5adL3k-00106-00045737-00046151 so it doesn't matter how long eat food just make sure it's one meal and it +-_6ww5adL3k-00107-00046151-00046502 doesn't matter if it takes quite a while or a very short period of time it's +-_6ww5adL3k-00108-00046502-00046948 gonna vary it from person to person and for me which a lot of people ask me is +-_6ww5adL3k-00109-00046948-00047414 when do you break fast and when do you stop eating it variates from day to day +-_6ww5adL3k-00110-00047414-00047978 so I fast anywhere normally from around 21 to 24 hours and the reason why it +-_6ww5adL3k-00111-00047978-00048449 variates is sometimes I'm just doing a lot more in my day so I end up eating a +-_6ww5adL3k-00112-00048449-00048851 lot later because I've been so busy and then other times friends might want to +-_6ww5adL3k-00113-00048852-00049247 go to restaurants earlier so we go earlier or if there's a buffets quite +-_6ww5adL3k-00114-00049248-00049610 late at night then I will go at that time so there's many different reasons +-_6ww5adL3k-00115-00049610-00050124 why I eat at a different time but as long as I'm fasting a minimum of 21 hours a day +-_6ww5adL3k-00116-00050124-00050546 but preferably up to 24 hours that's when I start to get the full benefits +-_6ww5adL3k-00117-00050546-00051008 and it has been shown through scientific research that fasting for longer periods +-_6ww5adL3k-00118-00051008-00051425 of time especially past the 20 hour mark is where you start to get the full +-_6ww5adL3k-00119-00051425-00051977 benefits for it massively increasing testosterone levels in men by 200 to 400 +-_6ww5adL3k-00120-00051977-00052412 percent females 130 percent, human growth hormone levels in females by about a +-_6ww5adL3k-00121-00052412-00052888 1300 percent, 2,000 percent in men, you also get great +-_6ww5adL3k-00122-00052888-00053332 benefits for autophagy which is your body eating up +-_6ww5adL3k-00123-00053333-00053688 undigestible proteins and mitochondria that's not working so well and +-_6ww5adL3k-00124-00053688-00054116 cells and then it creates new ones in the body, it's like self-cannibalism in +-_6ww5adL3k-00125-00054116-00054660 the body and it also gives you greater benefits for increasing your longevity +-_6ww5adL3k-00126-00054660-00055128 it also gives you greater benefits for lowering insulin and improving insulin +-_6ww5adL3k-00127-00055128-00055488 sensitivity and so many other different benefits, so yeah the longer you fast +-_6ww5adL3k-00128-00055488-00055855 the greater benefits you get, so this is why I've found from my own personal +-_6ww5adL3k-00129-00055855-00056228 experience switching from the 16/8 intermittent fasting method which +-_6ww5adL3k-00130-00056228-00056614 is around fasting 16 hours a day and eating around an 8 window +-_6ww5adL3k-00131-00056614-00057040 in comparison to one meal a day that I just feel a lot better overall because it's +-_6ww5adL3k-00132-00057040-00057466 given me greater benefits with hormonal production and other different benefits +-_6ww5adL3k-00133-00057466-00057819 that I've mentioned and for me eating this way I'm happy to keep a super low body fat +-_6ww5adL3k-00134-00057819-00058200 percentage all the time, I don't do bulking, i don't do cutting and I do what is known +-_6ww5adL3k-00135-00058200-00058579 as lean bulking and i actually train as a calisthenics athlete, so I don't have +-_6ww5adL3k-00136-00058579-00058984 absolutely huge muscles but it's because I don't do bodybuilding but if I did +-_6ww5adL3k-00137-00058984-00059417 then it would give me much larger muscles and I have a body physique of a +-_6ww5adL3k-00138-00059417-00059846 bodybuilder but I look more like a gymnast because I do calisthenics so you +-_6ww5adL3k-00139-00059846-00060310 can do the specific training that you want to do to achieve the body type that +-_6ww5adL3k-00140-00060310-00060658 you want, you don't necessarily need to achieve the body that I have but yeah as +-_6ww5adL3k-00141-00060658-00061286 you can see look at that there is hardly anything you can grab on me super super +-_6ww5adL3k-00142-00061286-00061704 low body fat and a lot of people say it's hard when you can see very clear +-_6ww5adL3k-00143-00061704-00062296 visible abs and v-cut as well and yeah I'm very very happy with my body for +-_6ww5adL3k-00144-00062296-00062650 obvious reasons and yeah since I got into intermittent fasting and +-_6ww5adL3k-00145-00062650-00063152 calisthenics in under six months I gained over ten kilos of muscle which is +-_6ww5adL3k-00146-00063152-00063652 absolutely amazing completely free from all pharmaceuticals that a lot of people +-_6ww5adL3k-00147-00063652-00064052 in the bodybuilding movement use and just through intermittent fasting, training +-_6ww5adL3k-00148-00064052-00064432 correctly, eating whole foods plant-based diet and just having many other amazing +-_6ww5adL3k-00149-00064432-00064904 healthy lifestyle practices on a regular basis, so you don't be concerned about +-_6ww5adL3k-00150-00064904-00065232 eating an abundance of calories with one meal a day because it's people like +-_6ww5adL3k-00151-00065232-00065754 myself and many other people such as blake 201 who is a lot older than me, +-_6ww5adL3k-00152-00065754-00066098 he's got to be around 40 years old plus and he has a super low body fat +-_6ww5adL3k-00153-00066098-00066512 percentage, has bigger muscles than me because he does bodybuilding and he's a +-_6ww5adL3k-00154-00066512-00066752 load of garbage food as well which i don't recommend doing +-_6ww5adL3k-00155-00066752-00067208 but yeah he's showing that yeah you can even do it within the most unhealthiest +-_6ww5adL3k-00156-00067208-00067716 food possible as well, so yeah that is it for this video if you have any questions +-_6ww5adL3k-00157-00067716-00068060 let me know down below and I get will get back to you as soon as possible, if you like the video like +-_6ww5adL3k-00158-00068060-00068362 it down below gives a thumbs up and please share this video with anyone you +-_6ww5adL3k-00159-00068362-00068781 think needs to learn about how they can go in the direction of sustaining and +-_6ww5adL3k-00160-00068781-00069304 maintaining one meal a day with ease just like I have managed to and +-_6ww5adL3k-00161-00069304-00069852 completely eliminate my hunger fully which is just absolutely amazing +-_6ww5adL3k-00162-00069852-00070128 and if you haven't already, hit that subscribe button by clicking it down +-_6ww5adL3k-00163-00070128-00070608 below to receive a lot more what I eat in a day videos with one meal a day +-_6ww5adL3k-00164-00070608-00071092 also many one meal a day informational videos, calisthenics workout videos and +-_6ww5adL3k-00165-00071092-00071380 many other videos to help you go in direction of achieving the fitness +-_6ww5adL3k-00166-00071380-00071974 levels, their energy levels and the body you desire as well. So as always stay +-_6ww5adL3k-00167-00071974-00072686 strong, stay fit, stay energetic and go and get those gains peace +-B5VqsnV0UA-00000-00000117-00000479 How can I set up payment for my courses? +-B5VqsnV0UA-00001-00000479-00000624 Moodle uses PayPal. +-B5VqsnV0UA-00002-00000624-00001015 As an administrator you can enable this for all courses on +-B5VqsnV0UA-00003-00001015-00001492 the site and then you can add it to individual courses and customise the +-B5VqsnV0UA-00004-00001492-00001692 settings. +-B5VqsnV0UA-00005-00001692-00002078 Learners who wish to purchase a course must first have an account on the +-B5VqsnV0UA-00006-00002078-00002197 site. +-B5VqsnV0UA-00007-00002197-00002806 Watch our videos on how users can access your Moodle to see how to do this. +-B5VqsnV0UA-00008-00002806-00003396 As administrator, click the Plugins tab, scroll down to Enrolments and click +-B5VqsnV0UA-00009-00003396-00003614 Manage enrol plugins. +-B5VqsnV0UA-00010-00003614-00004237 Click the eye of PayPal to enable it; then click settings +-B5VqsnV0UA-00011-00004237-00004565 to add your own details and preferences. +-B5VqsnV0UA-00012-00004565-00005046 You'll need your PayPal business email which you will have set up beforehand. +-B5VqsnV0UA-00013-00005046-00005310 This does not involve Moodle. +-B5VqsnV0UA-00014-00005310-00005585 Choose the other settings appropriate for you. +-B5VqsnV0UA-00015-00005585-00005835 For example, you can set the currency and +-B5VqsnV0UA-00016-00005835-00006411 enrolment duration, you can specify a standard fee for all courses or you can +-B5VqsnV0UA-00017-00006411-00007218 set these in individual courses. +-B5VqsnV0UA-00018-00007218-00007548 Then access the course where you want to add PayPal. +-B5VqsnV0UA-00019-00007548-00008013 Note: if you want regular course teachers to be able to add PayPal +-B5VqsnV0UA-00020-00008013-00008586 to their courses ,you need to give them a special capability allowing this. +-B5VqsnV0UA-00021-00008586-00008897 Read the documentation to see how to do that. +-B5VqsnV0UA-00022-00008897-00009506 In the course, click the Participants link on the left and then from the gear +-B5VqsnV0UA-00023-00009506-00009829 icon click Enrolment methods. +-B5VqsnV0UA-00024-00009829-00010199 From the Add method drop-down select PayPal. +-B5VqsnV0UA-00025-00010199-00010964 You can then if needed customise your settings to your preferences, for +-B5VqsnV0UA-00026-00010964-00011240 instance the cost. +-B5VqsnV0UA-00027-00011240-00011514 Click the Add method button and you're ready to accept +-B5VqsnV0UA-00028-00011514-00011756 payments. +-B5VqsnV0UA-00029-00011756-00012061 What do potential students see? +-B5VqsnV0UA-00030-00012061-00012429 When they have logged in they'll see the course with the PayPal logo. +-B5VqsnV0UA-00031-00012429-00012795 Clicking the course reveals a button which they press +-B5VqsnV0UA-00032-00012795-00013190 to go to their PayPal account to make the purchase. +-B5VqsnV0UA-00033-00013190-00013815 To summarise: courses can be purchased with the PayPal enrolment plugin. +-B5VqsnV0UA-00034-00013815-00014104 This must be enabled by the admin in Plugins +-B5VqsnV0UA-00035-00014104-00014445 >Enrolment plugins and can be added and +-B5VqsnV0UA-00036-00014445-00014950 customised within each course from the Participants link by clicking Enrolment +-B5VqsnV0UA-00037-00014950-00015153 methods from the gear icon. +-Bo75dkPQoo-00000-00000437-00000691 Hola, let's do a third solid +-Bo75dkPQoo-00001-00000691-00000933 and this time we'll layer +-Bo75dkPQoo-00002-00000933-00001272 We'll build on top of one solid +-Bo75dkPQoo-00003-00001272-00001609 We'll layer like two, three sketches together +-Bo75dkPQoo-00004-00001609-00001939 So think of a solid of something thick, inside +-Bo75dkPQoo-00005-00001939-00002440 Something made of foam, clay, steel. Things like this +-Bo75dkPQoo-00006-00002687-00003033 So, Line. I could start with +-Bo75dkPQoo-00007-00003319-00003415 a mid-point line if I want it +-Bo75dkPQoo-00008-00003415-00003583 to be really symmetrical +-Bo75dkPQoo-00009-00003684-00003909 That one here, that should have gone in centimeters +-Bo75dkPQoo-00010-00003909-00004191 So now I have to edit my sketch +-Bo75dkPQoo-00011-00004346-00004660 Smart Dimension, I'm going to use 80 +-Bo75dkPQoo-00012-00004922-00005055 L again to draw +-Bo75dkPQoo-00013-00005237-00005621 And L to end, Smart Dimension and I'll use 40 +-Bo75dkPQoo-00014-00006004-00006321 Close the sketch, L again, track here +-Bo75dkPQoo-00015-00006804-00006887 L to end +-Bo75dkPQoo-00016-00007044-00007494 Extrude to make it 3D, and here we'll pt 10 cm +-Bo75dkPQoo-00017-00007698-00007925 So now I'm out of every sketch +-Bo75dkPQoo-00018-00007925-00008410 I can just select this Face, Ctrl+8 to see it clearly, +-Bo75dkPQoo-00019-00008410-00008712 and now I can draw a new sketch +-Bo75dkPQoo-00020-00008712-00008951 So I'll make sure that I snap +-Bo75dkPQoo-00021-00008951-00009193 and I'll draw something else +-Bo75dkPQoo-00022-00009628-00010020 And as you can see now, nothing is symmetrical +-Bo75dkPQoo-00023-00011143-00011508 Now I close the sketch, press L to exit +-Bo75dkPQoo-00024-00011508-00011841 Smart Dimension and I will make this 10 +-Bo75dkPQoo-00025-00012305-00012515 We don't need to make this one 60 +-Bo75dkPQoo-00026-00012515-00012694 because it knows that this is 80 +-Bo75dkPQoo-00027-00012694-00012918 So it can do the simple math +-Bo75dkPQoo-00028-00012918-00013134 Look if I try to do it It'll tell me +-Bo75dkPQoo-00029-00013335-00013684 which one is driving. You don't want this to happen +-Bo75dkPQoo-00030-00013684-00013996 It's basically telling you it's over defined, so go cancel +-Bo75dkPQoo-00031-00014391-00014722 Here we'll go to 15 +-Bo75dkPQoo-00032-00015729-00015934 And here I think I was using 15 too +-Bo75dkPQoo-00033-00016661-00017117 So now if I go Extrude, this line will disappear +-Bo75dkPQoo-00034-00017117-00017424 Cause the two solids are gonna melt together +-Bo75dkPQoo-00035-00017424-00017518 It's like a boolean union +-Bo75dkPQoo-00036-00017660-00018019 So we can actually build very complex models like this +-CaC8UGQvkE-00000-00004825-00005283 The Sun's Path +-CaC8UGQvkE-00001-00005563-00005895 Three days before The Sun's Path +-CaC8UGQvkE-00002-00006847-00007355 Unkown number +-CaC8UGQvkE-00003-00008047-00008147 Fuck... +-CaC8UGQvkE-00004-00008215-00008451 Test, test, test... +-CaC8UGQvkE-00005-00008451-00008799 Awake, awake, I am awake, I am awake... +-CaC8UGQvkE-00006-00009031-00009251 Hello Yolanda, how are you? +-CaC8UGQvkE-00007-00009415-00009839 No, no, no... You didn't wake me up... +-CaC8UGQvkE-00008-00009839-00010279 I was just come home from running... I am about to have a shower now. +-CaC8UGQvkE-00009-00010399-00010575 So, what's up? +-CaC8UGQvkE-00010-00010707-00010887 Yes, I got the email. +-CaC8UGQvkE-00011-00010983-00011143 Yes I am very happy. +-CaC8UGQvkE-00012-00011203-00011603 Itís been a while since I didnít receive such a nice role. +-CaC8UGQvkE-00013-00011771-00012515 Yes of course Yolanda, yesÖ itís a challenge, this a challenge for an actor, a big big challenge. +-CaC8UGQvkE-00014-00012520-00012919 This is me: an actor facing a challenge. +-CaC8UGQvkE-00015-00013175-00013299 Itís incredibleÖ +-CaC8UGQvkE-00016-00013335-00013875 A while ago, scripts came to your door: you marked your part with a pen, you learnt the lines, +-CaC8UGQvkE-00017-00013875-00014207 you spoke, you got your money and thatís it. +-CaC8UGQvkE-00018-00014211-00014319 Ready for next job. +-CaC8UGQvkE-00019-00014391-00014655 Now everything is so weird: +-CaC8UGQvkE-00020-00015187-00015403 Everything is full of ëmodern thingsí +-CaC8UGQvkE-00021-00015447-00015855 SoÖ so you are not going to tell me which character I play? +-CaC8UGQvkE-00022-00016019-00016191 There is no script!!?? +-CaC8UGQvkE-00023-00016403-00016667 The script will come up with time?! +-CaC8UGQvkE-00024-00016667-00016859 ButÖ I donít understandÖ +-CaC8UGQvkE-00025-00016919-00017295 No, no, no itís coolÖ +-CaC8UGQvkE-00026-00017295-00017947 ...what a piece of shiÖ what a great great projectÖ it looks so goodÖ +-CaC8UGQvkE-00027-00018131-00018483 You fool, you know why I am with you, because of the great roles you get meÖ +-CaC8UGQvkE-00028-00018487-00019107 So, about the selfie stick: someone from production will bring it to me to the walk? or how we do it? +-CaC8UGQvkE-00029-00019491-00019695 You want me to buy it in the Chinese shop?! +-CaC8UGQvkE-00030-00019883-00020123 Ok, Iíll buy it there. +-CaC8UGQvkE-00031-00020203-00020303 Ok. +-CaC8UGQvkE-00032-00020883-00020967 Ready. +-CaC8UGQvkE-00033-00022439-00023135 Hello friends. You know me already. My name is Ismael, I am an actor and I am going to be the star in a radical movie! +-CaC8UGQvkE-00034-00023135-00023891 Yes, radical: no script, no crew, they told me to buy a selfie stick in the Chinese shop but they are sold out. +-CaC8UGQvkE-00035-00023939-00024339 But I am so happy! So happy! +-CaC8UGQvkE-00036-00024407-00024599 Because for me, all these new-film era things have a like a twist, +-CaC8UGQvkE-00037-00024599-00024991 a spontaneity, naturalness that makes it so authentic. +-CaC8UGQvkE-00038-00025055-00025335 The Sun's Path +-CaC8UGQvkE-00039-00025879-00026183 A character in a movie has a transformation: +-CaC8UGQvkE-00040-00026235-00026647 at the beginning he thinks or he behaves in one way. And at the end he thinks or behaves in another way. +-CaC8UGQvkE-00041-00026687-00027163 Ideally, that was going to happen to my character when weíd filmed the movie but... +-CaC8UGQvkE-00042-00027283-00027758 ...not before. To me, it happened before. And it really did. +-CaC8UGQvkE-00043-00027958-00028107 Hi beautiful. +-CaC8UGQvkE-00044-00028263-00028558 How I am?... So you're kidding right? +-CaC8UGQvkE-00045-00028711-00028902 Fuck youÖ +-CaC8UGQvkE-00046-00028911-00029431 Look: they woke me up at 7amÖ I am walking for an hour nowÖ +-CaC8UGQvkE-00047-00029491-00029711 You should have told meÖ +-CaC8UGQvkE-00048-00029879-00030135 I thought there were going to be normal stagesÖ +-CaC8UGQvkE-00049-00030155-00030443 All hills up like we were goats and the people here is all setÖ +-CaC8UGQvkE-00050-00030627-00030795 YesÖ +-CaC8UGQvkE-00051-00030911-00031358 I would have brought a sport outfitÖ I even thought it was going to be in the city +-CaC8UGQvkE-00052-00031358-00031611 but I am in a mountain and see? All people fully equippedÖ +-CaC8UGQvkE-00053-00031691-00032183 Ok, ok, you keep sleeping and Iíll be here. +-CaC8UGQvkE-00054-00032214-00032419 Letís see if they give me some breakfast... I can't breath anymore... +-CaC8UGQvkE-00055-00032507-00032843 Ok, I send you a kiss but I would send you something elseÖ +-CaC8UGQvkE-00056-00032867-00033023 Ok, byeÖ +-CaC8UGQvkE-00057-00033035-00033199 Fuck... +-CaC8UGQvkE-00058-00033955-00034279 Miguel ¡ngel MartÌnez Aroca - CEO of Anpier So Miguel ¡ngel: what happened? +-CaC8UGQvkE-00059-00034347-00034647 So... Brief me. +-CaC8UGQvkE-00060-00034647-00035163 Itís super simple, you can only use one word which is in the Spanish dictionary and that would be: betrayal. +-CaC8UGQvkE-00061-00035227-00035479 Itís a planned betrayal. +-CaC8UGQvkE-00062-00035547-00036011 First the government contacted us, the government needed us, the government wanted us and the government protected us. +-CaC8UGQvkE-00063-00036111-00036735 And when 62.000 families answered that help call from our government, +-CaC8UGQvkE-00064-00036815-00037607 we found ourselves 2 years later in a real trap, in a real fraud made by our own government. +-CaC8UGQvkE-00065-00037759-00038483 So a lot of rights from thousands of families have been cut off retroactively for up to 50%. +-CaC8UGQvkE-00066-00038519-00038903 Pere Guerra ñ Photovoltaic Producer 80% from your asset was given by the banks. +-CaC8UGQvkE-00067-00038955-00039771 So right now there are 62.000 families stuck in an investment promised and signed in the BOE (State Official Bulletin) by his Majesty the King. +-CaC8UGQvkE-00068-00039839-00040523 Many times we are compared with the ëpreferentialsí. In fact, we are a kind of ëpreferentialsí of the energy. +-CaC8UGQvkE-00069-00040567-00040991 So you may be wondering what I am wondering: more tricked people in Spain. +-CaC8UGQvkE-00070-00041035-00041167 Welcome to the club. +-CaC8UGQvkE-00071-00041203-00041347 There is nothing to do. +-CaC8UGQvkE-00072-00041359-00041595 They trick you but not me. +-CaC8UGQvkE-00073-00041623-00041795 Itís unfair? Of course. +-CaC8UGQvkE-00074-00041819-00042003 But is not my problem. +-CaC8UGQvkE-00075-00042059-00042479 Number 1 Wrong Idea ñ ëThis doesnít affect meí +-CaC8UGQvkE-00076-00042535-00043211 Number 2 Wrong Idea ñ ëSpain is a country poor in terms of energy and thatís why we depend on othersí +-CaC8UGQvkE-00077-00043263-00043903 Number 3 Wrong Idea ñ ëIs not my problem and it doesnít affect my money, there is nothing I can doí +-CaC8UGQvkE-00078-00043935-00044271 So wait because you are going to freak out the same way I did. +-CaC8UGQvkE-00079-00044363-00044627 Who made this fraud? The Spanish government. +-CaC8UGQvkE-00080-00044667-00045067 And you and me: who we are? Spanish citizens. +-CaC8UGQvkE-00081-00045303-00045967 You donít understand a thing right? Stay tuned because all this wonít be on the breaking news. +-CaC8UGQvkE-00082-00046103-00046391 So to make it fast: Episode 1: +-CaC8UGQvkE-00083-00046427-00047159 Europe tells their Goverments: <i>ëEy folks! Letís reduce CO2 emissions because all these things about climate change looks very bad. </i> +-CaC8UGQvkE-00084-00047191-00047475 <i>And if we do nothing, weíre all going to die poisoned. </i> +-CaC8UGQvkE-00085-00047547-00048075 <i>Solution? Clean energies: they are clean, cheap and no pollution involved.</i> +-CaC8UGQvkE-00086-00048139-00048527 <i>At first is expensive because the technology has to be developed and bla bla </i> +-CaC8UGQvkE-00087-00048563-00049131 <i>But later, as more and more solar panels are made, it will end up being profitable.</i> +-CaC8UGQvkE-00088-00049179-00049615 <i>Besides, petroleum, gas and uranium are very expensive and pollutant.í </i> +-CaC8UGQvkE-00089-00049631-00050103 So, what the European countries did? Invest in clean energies. +-CaC8UGQvkE-00090-00050139-00050391 What the Spanish government did? They said: +-CaC8UGQvkE-00091-00050419-00051039 <i>ëOh! Letís see about this initial investment in technology, itís better if itís made by entrepreneurs. </i> +-CaC8UGQvkE-00092-00051043-00051527 <i>We looooove entrepreneurs. They give us status and a lot of ëSpanish Brandíí </i> +-CaC8UGQvkE-00093-00051559-00052175 So in 2007, they released in the BOE (State Official Bulletin) a calling encouraging people to invest in clean energy. +-CaC8UGQvkE-00094-00052303-00052535 SoÖ more or less... +-CaC8UGQvkE-00095-00052551-00052779 I explain it like this so you understand me. +-CaC8UGQvkE-00096-00052830-00053139 ¡ngel Custodio - Photovoltaic Producer I am a restless person and I am being fully honest here. +-CaC8UGQvkE-00097-00053187-00054027 The money is not made to be kept in a bank account. Is made to risk it, to invest it, to create richnessÖ +-CaC8UGQvkE-00098-00054083-00054327 Yes, to move itÖ +-CaC8UGQvkE-00099-00054230-00055123 That, yes. Maybe you lose or you win but it will create richness, jobs and in one word: life. +-CaC8UGQvkE-00100-00055187-00055939 So, I knew that if I sold my cows (I had a great livestock) I was going to get some money. +-CaC8UGQvkE-00101-00055942-00056399 And I sold some equipment too, so I could get a certain amount of money. +-CaC8UGQvkE-00102-00056439-00057315 So that investment in medium-long term, could produce a profit at the same time that Iíd retire +-CaC8UGQvkE-00103-00057339-00057951 and it would be a back up to my small retirement allowance as an agriculture and livestock freelancer. +-CaC8UGQvkE-00104-00057991-00058254 And that allowance is on the same level that any other freelancer in this area. +-CaC8UGQvkE-00105-00058407-00058607 Juan Castro Gil ñ Lawyer So, why are you here? +-CaC8UGQvkE-00106-00058607-00059663 Well J, I am an actor and I am here because of a movie in which I have to act related to all this fraud with clean energies. +-CaC8UGQvkE-00107-00059666-00059875 Horror movie? Yes, a horror one. +-CaC8UGQvkE-00108-00059875-00060435 So Iíve come to learn because I knew nothing about this. +-CaC8UGQvkE-00109-00060463-00060928 Iíve read some things on newspapers, in the newsÖ but I see you haveÖ +-CaC8UGQvkE-00110-00060954-00061155 For how long have you been walking already? +-CaC8UGQvkE-00111-00061170-00061593 So I reached Ponferrada thursday on day one andÖ +-CaC8UGQvkE-00112-00061713-00061917 here I am, on second stage. +-CaC8UGQvkE-00113-00061935-00062136 And what do you think? +-CaC8UGQvkE-00114-00062160-00062330 About the people I am getting to know? Yes. +-CaC8UGQvkE-00115-00062358-00062696 I am going to be honest with you. I think that from all the people I have spoken with: +-CaC8UGQvkE-00116-00062696-00062999 they are all great because they are all great people, +-CaC8UGQvkE-00117-00063035-00063975 they are broke and in lots of trouble due to all the financial damages, +-CaC8UGQvkE-00118-00063975-00064241 and also psychological damage right? +-CaC8UGQvkE-00119-00064260-00064690 But I can see, maybe because of the social status or the education they have, +-CaC8UGQvkE-00120-00064695-00065285 they are very calm compared on how I would be if I were them in a situation like this. +-CaC8UGQvkE-00121-00065335-00066256 Well itís funny because one of the strengths that almost everyone involved in the photovoltaic thing has, +-CaC8UGQvkE-00122-00066257-00066518 is that we try to make a value from the necessity. +-CaC8UGQvkE-00123-00066561-00067092 And thatís is very important because after all the hard time these past yearsÖ +-CaC8UGQvkE-00124-00067136-00067254 YesÖ +-CaC8UGQvkE-00125-00067266-00067739 We would have fallen, everything would have been fucked up. +-CaC8UGQvkE-00126-00067772-00068325 So from everyoneís pain and loss, +-CaC8UGQvkE-00127-00068325-00068610 you may have seen it: we got together and kept going. +-CaC8UGQvkE-00128-00068689-00069168 Episode 2: We have a lot of people that invest in clean energies those years: +-CaC8UGQvkE-00129-00069185-00069701 big companies, small companies, foreign states, individuals. +-CaC8UGQvkE-00130-00069749-00070177 People who had money and people who hadnít and they ask for a loan +-CaC8UGQvkE-00131-00070185-00070748 because they wanted to get involved in a project which was said to have a profit in a long term for all of us. +-CaC8UGQvkE-00132-00070799-00071277 But suddenly, some mystery person gets into the picture and the Spanish government says: +-CaC8UGQvkE-00133-00071277-00071494 <i>ëWhere I said THIS, now I say THATí</i> +-CaC8UGQvkE-00134-00071494-00071619 Why? +-CaC8UGQvkE-00135-00071620-00072059 Salvador Guerra - Photovoltaic Producer How I am right now? Time has passed by, after I invested my money here, +-CaC8UGQvkE-00136-00072064-00072539 I had to sell things very cheaply. And I am lucky enough to have things to sell cheaply, +-CaC8UGQvkE-00137-00072540-00072927 - Others have nothing... - Others have really nothing. +-CaC8UGQvkE-00138-00072962-00073382 Because I, I fulfill my commitments. I always pay. +-CaC8UGQvkE-00139-00073383-00073488 ALWAYS. +-CaC8UGQvkE-00140-00073492-00073673 Thatís what I was taught at home. +-CaC8UGQvkE-00141-00073674-00073843 And thatís what my sons know. +-CaC8UGQvkE-00142-00073843-00074020 And thatís what my father and grandfather used to do. +-CaC8UGQvkE-00143-00074020-00074258 Weíve always fulfilled. ALWAYS. +-CaC8UGQvkE-00144-00074281-00074454 JosÈ Vicente y Olvido - Photovoltaic Producers So do you have kids? +-CaC8UGQvkE-00145-00074460-00074711 Yes we have three kids. Are you married? +-CaC8UGQvkE-00146-00074756-00075118 No, but we have 3 kids. And how they see all this? +-CaC8UGQvkE-00147-00075135-00075278 Are they small? +-CaC8UGQvkE-00148-00075285-00075810 We have a girl who is 17 almost 18 years old, another girl who is 15 and a boy who is 7. +-CaC8UGQvkE-00149-00075839-00076365 Theyíve also seen all this evolution: how the cooperative close down, +-CaC8UGQvkE-00150-00076370-00076983 how we had to move from our place searching for jobs and all this. +-CaC8UGQvkE-00151-00077039-00077511 But they are brave kids also because they see we didnít break down. +-CaC8UGQvkE-00152-00077566-00078057 As it was a cooperative company, the workers took part on the business +-CaC8UGQvkE-00153-00078058-00078588 and we had debts with the banks which we couldnít pay. +-CaC8UGQvkE-00154-00078629-00079329 Besides of loosing our jobs, we also lost our own personal assets. +-CaC8UGQvkE-00155-00079330-00079702 We still have debts which I donít know if I will be able to pay some day. +-CaC8UGQvkE-00156-00079742-00080045 So somehow they transformed me in a social outcast. +-CaC8UGQvkE-00157-00080305-00080491 I am so tiredÖ +-CaC8UGQvkE-00158-00080549-00080882 So why is there such a beautiful girl here in the Cathedralís plaza? +-CaC8UGQvkE-00159-00080900-00081043 Yes, so we came to The Sunís Walk +-CaC8UGQvkE-00160-00081143-00081420 to fight along with ANPIER cooperative +-CaC8UGQvkE-00161-00081420-00082010 to see if the government, the state and the Minister Mr. Soria +-CaC8UGQvkE-00162-00082081-00082492 allow us to place in the planet these clean energies. +-CaC8UGQvkE-00163-00082580-00082799 JosÈ Luis Gallego ñ Publisher and Environmental Journalist So they are the people who really rule. +-CaC8UGQvkE-00164-00082799-00083319 Here the governments are just puppets and thatís very important for you to understand. +-CaC8UGQvkE-00165-00083335-00083758 So the ones that really decide are the big companies +-CaC8UGQvkE-00166-00083815-00084311 and big corporations that produce or commerce with energy. +-CaC8UGQvkE-00167-00084311-00084748 Why? Because itís a really big thing that generates big incomes. +-CaC8UGQvkE-00168-00084769-00085024 So there are a lot of strong interests. +-CaC8UGQvkE-00169-00085051-00085536 Itís important for us to understand the energy is basic to live just like water. +-CaC8UGQvkE-00170-00085583-00085767 And thatís why it should be a human right. +-CaC8UGQvkE-00171-00085833-00086105 Juan Antonio Cabrero - Photovoltaic Producer Yes, there are victims all over Spain +-CaC8UGQvkE-00172-00086105-00086588 and in Navarra we are more than 8.600 people. +-CaC8UGQvkE-00173-00086631-00087145 When the government called us to invest, +-CaC8UGQvkE-00174-00087145-00087533 each of us made a plan and the thing became real. +-CaC8UGQvkE-00175-00087595-00088369 In Navarra we are 8.600 people affected with this fucked up situation. +-CaC8UGQvkE-00176-00088400-00088855 When you get yourself into an investment like this one, you wouldnít thinkÖ? +-CaC8UGQvkE-00177-00088917-00089600 Well, clearly is easy to give an opinion when things have already happened. +-CaC8UGQvkE-00178-00089625-00090151 But at that time you didnít think for a second, something like this could happen? +-CaC8UGQvkE-00179-00090160-00090531 Not only I thought about it but I asked. +-CaC8UGQvkE-00180-00090575-00091293 And I was told both from Navarra government and the banks, +-CaC8UGQvkE-00181-00091308-00091516 this thing had a government warranty. +-CaC8UGQvkE-00182-00091565-00091943 Episode 3 ñ In which you and me get involved. +-CaC8UGQvkE-00183-00091987-00092380 And as we are very tired already of all this disasters, we keep thinking the same: +-CaC8UGQvkE-00184-00092419-00092800 <i>ëPoor people, if they were tricked but it doesnít affect me, is not my problem.</i> +-CaC8UGQvkE-00185-00092831-00093050 <i>I got away for once.í</i> +-CaC8UGQvkE-00186-00093092-00093522 Jorge Morales ñ Expert in electric systems The international experts that sued the Spanish Kingdom in international courts, +-CaC8UGQvkE-00187-00093549-00093959 in Washington or in Sweden for example, they are like: +-CaC8UGQvkE-00188-00094112-00094490 <i>ëThese investors may win and I will have to pay them back.</i> +-CaC8UGQvkE-00189-00094522-00094879 <i>But the normal Spanish person that canít go to those international courts, </i> +-CaC8UGQvkE-00190-00094879-00095250 <i>that has to sue through the Spanish courts, itís more like he will loseí</i> +-CaC8UGQvkE-00191-00095283-00095560 So all these said by the State Energy Secretary is very serious, +-CaC8UGQvkE-00192-00095560-00095762 because he is saying that justice is not the same for all. +-CaC8UGQvkE-00193-00095762-00096330 Final Episode ñ Letís recap: the government doesnít do their part with this people. +-CaC8UGQvkE-00194-00096354-00096635 But THIS people are not only THIS people. +-CaC8UGQvkE-00195-00096673-00096903 There are also big foreign companies. +-CaC8UGQvkE-00196-00096931-00097450 Even governments like the German or the Japanese, that invest in photovoltaic energy in Spain, +-CaC8UGQvkE-00197-00097455-00097782 as in one of the few places in Europe with a great rate of sunlight per year. +-CaC8UGQvkE-00198-00097811-00098216 So the Spanish government doesnít do as the Royal Decree says. +-CaC8UGQvkE-00199-00098216-00098624 Spain gets to be the country with the largest number of lawsuits in the world, +-CaC8UGQvkE-00200-00098627-00098925 due to break the Energy Agreement. +-CaC8UGQvkE-00201-00098996-00099220 And who is going to pay for all this? +-CaC8UGQvkE-00202-00099220-00099345 GuessÖ +-CaC8UGQvkE-00203-00099350-00099681 Exactly: Spanish citizens. +-CaC8UGQvkE-00204-00099698-00100342 And if we donít hurry up with all this after we saved banks, +-CaC8UGQvkE-00205-00100342-00100690 weíll end up paying the Electrical companies. +-CaC8UGQvkE-00206-00100731-00100905 Sun is free. +-CaC8UGQvkE-00207-00100905-00101534 This people paid for the technology. And for the rest of us now, we have to pay a sun tax. +-CaC8UGQvkE-00208-00101568-00101812 JosÈ Luis Gallego ñ Publisher and Environmental Journalist We were good, we were in the right way. +-CaC8UGQvkE-00209-00101860-00102387 But there someone said: <i>ëNo no no, this is going to be too big for usí </i> +-CaC8UGQvkE-00210-00102415-00102919 Because there were 62.000 families, but what if we were 3 million? +-CaC8UGQvkE-00211-00102919-00103300 5 million? 10 million? So what then? +-CaC8UGQvkE-00212-00103330-00103804 Those big companies would find themselves in a very hard position. +-CaC8UGQvkE-00213-00103804-00104255 So what has to happen or how far do we have to go so more families come here? +-CaC8UGQvkE-00214-00104356-00104959 Maybe there is a news blackout with all this because they donít want it to go public. +-CaC8UGQvkE-00215-00105001-00105526 And only with talking, it will take time till more people become aware of this right? +-CaC8UGQvkE-00216-00105533-00105968 So what can happen? Itís very simple: wait. +-CaC8UGQvkE-00217-00106008-00106210 Because no one can stop this. +-CaC8UGQvkE-00218-00106210-00106574 Itís going to be like this <i>ëyes or yesí</i> and they know that. +-CaC8UGQvkE-00219-00106574-00106831 But they want to delay it as much as they can. +-CaC8UGQvkE-00220-00106867-00107371 So what will happen? The people, the first ones that got into it, +-CaC8UGQvkE-00221-00107371-00107719 the people that started something with the clean energies in this country, +-CaC8UGQvkE-00222-00107719-00107937 are going to be the victims. +-CaC8UGQvkE-00223-00108441-00108812 62.000 thousand families gathered up in Madrid in front of the Industrial Ministry. +-CaC8UGQvkE-00224-00108879-00109188 Where are the TV channels??!! Where is the press??!! +-CaC8UGQvkE-00225-00110686-00110991 Three days later +-CaC8UGQvkE-00226-00111007-00111326 Yolanda, YolandaÖ Hi beautiful whatís up?... +-CaC8UGQvkE-00227-00111504-00111657 Yes, yes I hear youÖ +-CaC8UGQvkE-00228-00111976-00112225 So we know which character I will play in the movie? +-CaC8UGQvkE-00229-00112303-00112609 Oh my God I am so nervousÖ just a second Yolanda just a secondÖ +-CaC8UGQvkE-00230-00112796-00112932 Tell meÖ +-CaC8UGQvkE-00231-00113232-00113428 An electrical gansgter? +-CaC8UGQvkE-00232-00113468-00113754 Fuck... Yolanda pleaseÖ +-CaC8UGQvkE-00233-00113879-00114123 Iíve been all weekend with those people, +-CaC8UGQvkE-00234-00114252-00114535 with those poor people that were smashed like ants. +-CaC8UGQvkE-00235-00114734-00115497 Of course I felt affection for them Yolanda and besides, they are fighting for a fair reason. +-CaC8UGQvkE-00236-00115615-00115829 Yes, itís something that affects all of us. +-CaC8UGQvkE-00237-00115850-00115971 And Iíll tell you one thing: +-CaC8UGQvkE-00238-00115984-00116245 also will affect the children of our future grandchildren. +-CaC8UGQvkE-00239-00116534-00116647 Yes... +-CaC8UGQvkE-00240-00116913-00117120 Thatís true, thatís true, +-CaC8UGQvkE-00241-00117134-00117567 playing a bad guy is more challenging than playing a good guy. +-CaC8UGQvkE-00242-00117567-00117958 Who are these photovoltaic hippies?! +-CaC8UGQvkE-00243-00117958-00118424 They come here to fuck me off when I am scrounging since Franco was alive, FUCK! +-CaC8UGQvkE-00244-00118590-00119223 Come onÖ the Production Plan, the Energy Production Plan I wrote it myself shitÖ +-CaC8UGQvkE-00245-00119250-00119535 No, no, so more from the inside and more strong, +-CaC8UGQvkE-00246-00119535-00119818 more gangster, more gangster Isma, you knowÖ +-CaC8UGQvkE-00247-00119823-00120273 I can write The State Official Bulletin with the end part of my dick! +-CaC8UGQvkE-00248-00120273-00120780 The coal and the oil are polluting? So it will be cleaned afterwardsÖ +-CaC8UGQvkE-00249-00120780-00121121 They contaminate? We will create something to decontaminate, fuck! +-CaC8UGQvkE-00250-00121121-00121302 Why should I care about the sun? +-CaC8UGQvkE-00251-00121361-00121735 Why should I care about the sun being free? +-CaC8UGQvkE-00252-00121742-00121962 Why should I care about the sun being free?! +-CaC8UGQvkE-00253-00121984-00122218 So I wonít get my share? +-CaC8UGQvkE-00254-00122324-00122602 No way photovoltaics, no wayÖ +-CaC8UGQvkE-00255-00122602-00123008 You wonít get my money photovoltaics, no way, ah? +-CaC8UGQvkE-00256-00123008-00123140 NO WAY! +-CaC8UGQvkE-00257-00125623-00125771 The Sunís Path +-CaC8UGQvkE-00258-00125857-00125995 Take 1 +-CaC8UGQvkE-00259-00126156-00126392 Camara, sound... +-CaC8UGQvkE-00260-00126392-00126504 The End øOr The Beginning? +-CaC8UGQvkE-00261-00126504-00126643 And... Action! +-CaC8UGQvkE-00262-00126910-00127287 This has just started. +-CaC8UGQvkE-00263-00127317-00127723 Long life to The Photovoltaics. +-H3LpI8RzYM-00000-00000139-00000456 WELCOME TO ALL HANDS UPDATE, I'M PETTY OFFICER JONATHAN PANKAU. +-H3LpI8RzYM-00001-00000456-00000934 JULY 29TH MARKS THE 47TH ANNIVERSARY OF THE FIRE ABOARD USS FORRESTAL. +-H3LpI8RzYM-00002-00000934-00001437 IN 1967, FORRESTAL WAS CONDUCTING WARTIME FLIGHT OPERATIONS IN THE GULF OF TONKIN WHEN +-H3LpI8RzYM-00003-00001437-00001875 A MISSILE ACCIDENTALLY FIRED ACROSS THE FLIGHT DECK AND STRUCK A FULLY LOADED JET. +-H3LpI8RzYM-00004-00001875-00002221 ONE HUNDRED THIRTY FOUR SAILORS WERE KILLED DURING THE INCIDENT AND THE SHIP WAS NEARLY +-H3LpI8RzYM-00005-00002221-00002321 DESTROYED. +-H3LpI8RzYM-00006-00002321-00002915 "WE HAD 134 MEN LAYING IN A TEMPORARY MORGUE IN THE HANGAR BAY ONE. +-H3LpI8RzYM-00007-00002915-00003892 I COULD NEVER FORGET, NEVER FORGET WHAT WE EXPERIENCED AND REMEMBER OUR SHIPMATES." +-H3LpI8RzYM-00008-00003892-00004273 THE NAVY HAS CHANGED THE WAY WE HANDLE DAMAGE CONTROL AND HAS BUILT ON THE LESSONS LEARNED +-H3LpI8RzYM-00009-00004273-00004375 FROM THE DISASTER. +-H3LpI8RzYM-00010-00004375-00004781 A FIRE FIGHTING SCHOOL WAS DEDICATED TO HONOR THE FIRST FORRESTAL SAILOR TO DIE RESPONDING +-H3LpI8RzYM-00011-00004781-00005912 TO THE FIRE. +-NWME22BZPu-00000-00000003-00002193 Welcome to GreenhornBBQbeer today we're gong to clearn the Traeger, okay here's my little Tex +-NWME22BZPu-00001-00002193-00002876 Traeger grill bought it here locally in Ventura County California got on sale +-NWME22BZPu-00002-00002876-00003318 got late in the season so got pretty good deal on it I haven't used it in a +-NWME22BZPu-00003-00003318-00004271 few months so it's pretty grimy and so we're gonna show you today is a good way +-NWME22BZPu-00004-00004271-00004814 of cleaning this that I found it's pretty effective my weapons of choice +-NWME22BZPu-00005-00004814-00005646 are some shop rags a couple different types of oven cleaner some aluminum foil +-NWME22BZPu-00006-00005646-00006317 and some gloves and of course shot back +-NWME22BZPu-00007-00006380-00006950 okay so first thing I'd like to you just take out the box +-NWME22BZPu-00008-00006950-00007531 I'm careful of the temperature probe in there +-NWME22BZPu-00009-00007802-00008309 some people don't like to clean them they think seasons it more we'll see +-NWME22BZPu-00010-00008309-00008647 about this next thing is the heat deflector you see there's a lot of +-NWME22BZPu-00011-00008647-00009941 buildup a lot of crustiness from dripping okay I'd like to take the heat +-NWME22BZPu-00012-00009941-00011036 deflector out this gets up pretty well used and then though basically what +-NWME22BZPu-00013-00011036-00012275 we're going to do is vacuum out the inside here +-NWME22BZPu-00014-00012275-00012752 really +-NWME22BZPu-00015-00018681-00019159 okay there's not much more it's really needed at this point I'm looking to do +-NWME22BZPu-00016-00019159-00019818 is just get all the big fragments and dust the wood pellet dusts and things +-NWME22BZPu-00017-00019818-00020865 like that take a little bit of the liquid of them clear just kind of gently +-NWME22BZPu-00018-00020865-00021772 clean that looking for perfection I'm just gonna get really nasty stuff off of +-NWME22BZPu-00019-00021772-00021981 it +-NWME22BZPu-00020-00022009-00022647 we build up not gonna get all I want to break it +-NWME22BZPu-00021-00024285-00025129 some of you may not want to do it this way but I like to keep fairly clean and +-NWME22BZPu-00022-00025129-00025720 that way I get some accurate readings I've seen some folks take pieces of +-NWME22BZPu-00023-00025720-00026293 cardboard and shield them from the side I've tried that I didn't really notice +-NWME22BZPu-00024-00026293-00026945 too much of a difference so I've been just practicing keeping it clean and +-NWME22BZPu-00025-00026945-00027477 avoiding unnecessary wiggling the mid wire connections and things like that I +-NWME22BZPu-00026-00027477-00028320 just I give it a little wipe around the edges not looking to completely clean it +-NWME22BZPu-00027-00028320-00029320 just a little bit of season you might be helpful yeah that's about it on the +-NWME22BZPu-00028-00029320-00029777 inside I really don't think I need to do too much more +-NWME22BZPu-00029-00029777-00030614 yeah that's thing I like to do is I just kind of hit the tops of the box pretty +-NWME22BZPu-00030-00030614-00031614 well the reason doesn't really affect the operation just nice to check a clean +-NWME22BZPu-00031-00031614-00031889 control box +-NWME22BZPu-00032-00032962-00033656 yeah this is my preference +-NWME22BZPu-00033-00034065-00034765 next thing I'm gonna do is vacuum out and empty the hopper any other pellets +-NWME22BZPu-00034-00034765-00035488 these pellets will get too high of a moisture content to be effective +-NWME22BZPu-00035-00035488-00035965 keeping the tortures that you need so if you don't have a ziplock bag to keep +-NWME22BZPu-00036-00035965-00036574 your call it's already indoors or airtight container get one keeping your +-NWME22BZPu-00037-00036574-00037038 garage keep indoors where the lowest humidity is we live here about five +-NWME22BZPu-00038-00037038-00037575 miles from Beach and if I don't change these on a regular basis they tend to +-NWME22BZPu-00039-00037575-00038328 get up and a lot of moisture these don't look too bad I'm not sure if you see +-NWME22BZPu-00040-00038328-00039150 them there but you will sometimes see these things get enlarged with moisture +-NWME22BZPu-00041-00039150-00039659 so anyway good fast food +-NWME22BZPu-00042-00040138-00040630 I'd love to make this collage or not +-NWME22BZPu-00043-00040630-00041478 they were supposed to be hundred percent natural so here +-NWME22BZPu-00044-00045110-00045735 yeah I've done that I think it's been pretty well prepped for next set pellets +-NWME22BZPu-00045-00045735-00046380 um I don't really have an effective way of getting pellets out of the hopper +-NWME22BZPu-00046-00046380-00046917 screw there so hopefully during the smoke setting when you first turn on +-NWME22BZPu-00047-00046917-00047729 your smoker those will funnel through and pull the best come along after that +-NWME22BZPu-00048-00047729-00048192 I've never blown it out with air I've never had to get inside there to really +-NWME22BZPu-00049-00048192-00048558 clean them out I just I get the shot back from both ends and try to soak up +-NWME22BZPu-00050-00048558-00049443 as much dust as I can in impurities and so far it's working okay now we're ready +-NWME22BZPu-00051-00049443-00051161 to get in the custom heat deflectors were warped to worry about the warping +-NWME22BZPu-00052-00052745-00054777 actually I'm gonna do drip-free as you can see it's got quite a few months so +-NWME22BZPu-00053-00057364-00058004 there's nothing wrong with it me cracks any serious corrosion I'm just gonna put +-NWME22BZPu-00054-00058004-00058966 it back in the service so what most people do oil I got some strong +-NWME22BZPu-00055-00058966-00059710 extra-wide for grills +-NWME22BZPu-00056-00061699-00062321 you just want to protect actually you're not even protecting anything all you're +-NWME22BZPu-00057-00062321-00062965 doing is making it easier to clean next time so cover up any of the parts on it +-NWME22BZPu-00058-00063751-00064879 next thing that most people like to do is clean the actual grates goes in the +-NWME22BZPu-00059-00064879-00066608 back to clean there's these come with some kind of a coating brush I don't +-NWME22BZPu-00060-00066608-00067945 even like to use a plastic brush hit the skim coat of of them clear +-NWME22BZPu-00061-00068011-00068596 I'm using an old table that I don't mind getting dirty so before you do this you +-NWME22BZPu-00062-00068596-00069318 might want to check this together the wipe another make sure you use two +-NWME22BZPu-00063-00069322-00069975 destroy hey let me get some more my shop towels +-NWME22BZPu-00064-00070623-00071063 we're not worried by the residue +-NWME22BZPu-00065-00073175-00073607 people might even take water hose to it +-NWME22BZPu-00066-00074270-00075236 probably will say it's pretty good shape I'm checking for any damage any +-NWME22BZPu-00067-00075236-00075578 significant wear +-NWME22BZPu-00068-00077013-00077427 again I'm just getting big chunks +-NWME22BZPu-00069-00077481-00078230 perfection I said I also believe in a little bit of seasoning maybe shouldn't +-NWME22BZPu-00070-00078230-00080239 clean everything don't worry about residue so there you go that's the +-NWME22BZPu-00071-00080239-00080725 basics of the cleaning and prepping all the other parts for reinstallation to +-NWME22BZPu-00072-00080725-00081430 the grill first goes back as heat shield it's really only one well maybe two ways +-NWME22BZPu-00073-00081430-00082072 put it in these little notches here just make sure they get on to these little +-NWME22BZPu-00074-00082072-00082937 brackets here and just sits right there okay that's it no need to cover this up +-NWME22BZPu-00075-00082937-00083360 with anything because it doesn't get dripped on you have the drip tray for +-NWME22BZPu-00076-00083360-00084055 that you can get custom ones that don't work as bad but really that's kind of a +-NWME22BZPu-00077-00084055-00084763 preference thing it really doesn't change the operation of it at all next +-NWME22BZPu-00078-00084763-00085438 thing goes in it's going to be the drip tray and the longer and +-NWME22BZPu-00079-00085438-00085887 little shulte goes towards the frame +-NWME22BZPu-00080-00086085-00086881 just like you came out placed on there well next thing I'd like to put in is +-NWME22BZPu-00081-00086881-00088366 the rear shelf being careful again of the wiggle looks good in the main great +-NWME22BZPu-00082-00088366-00089365 it really isn't a long way of putting this in just slides right in that's it +-NWME22BZPu-00083-00089365-00089719 you know I didn't cover is the drip cannon +-NWME22BZPu-00084-00089719-00090214 I really don't clean that very often maybe I should it's well hidden in my +-NWME22BZPu-00085-00090214-00090910 yard and I really really don't care it's gonna get dirty these buckets are cheap +-NWME22BZPu-00086-00090910-00091522 you can line them with whatever you want oil trigger sells some this is pink can +-NWME22BZPu-00087-00091522-00092164 from a hardware store and it does the jobs dogs seem to like trimming +-NWME22BZPu-00088-00092164-00092500 sometimes when they fall the ground I really all I do is just make sure that +-NWME22BZPu-00089-00092500-00093247 that hole is clear that's going to the drip can and occasionally just whatever +-NWME22BZPu-00090-00093247-00093961 it takes to clean out clean out but it does not affect the cooking okay for the +-NWME22BZPu-00091-00093961-00094420 outside again I live about five miles from the ocean so this thing even under +-NWME22BZPu-00092-00094420-00094816 the cover she's a lot of moisture so I'm not going to hose it down I'm not going +-NWME22BZPu-00093-00094816-00095200 to introduce any additional moisture to this thing just going to get good hit +-NWME22BZPu-00094-00095200-00095737 there's some spray-on oven and grill there +-NWME22BZPu-00095-00095737-00096733 again just make it look pretty somebody wants another to be real I knew how to +-NWME22BZPu-00096-00096733-00097497 speed up the video I'd do it right now see if you guys time watch me do this +-NWME22BZPu-00097-00097497-00097902 guys like watching me though don't you +-NWME22BZPu-00098-00098174-00098868 so there you go a clean ready to use trigger I've shown you just the basics I +-NWME22BZPu-00099-00098868-00099273 don't think I'm ever gonna really need to do it deep clean but some of you may +-NWME22BZPu-00100-00099273-00100038 have done that let me know how it worked out for you it's ready to go I did wash +-NWME22BZPu-00101-00100038-00100695 off with water the grates so there's no residue on those anymore I did check the +-NWME22BZPu-00102-00100695-00101256 exit for the drip pan totally unclog I like to look at the electrical look +-NWME22BZPu-00103-00101256-00101718 underneath look at any wires loose wires or anything might be a problem +-NWME22BZPu-00104-00101718-00103829 test run it everything's fine he patch hold on man GoPro stop +-NWME22BZPu-00105-00104040-00104867 the post-op crit +-NWME22BZPu-00106-00105149-00105434 go poke +-NWME22BZPu-00107-00105434-00106125 okay there you have it clean trekkers grill ready for its next clip +-NWME22BZPu-00108-00106125-00106681 the next cook is probably gonna be some grilled smoked stuffed jalapenos my +-NWME22BZPu-00109-00106681-00107170 identity Wyatt has got a great recipe expect that in the next up or so and if +-NWME22BZPu-00110-00107170-00107506 you have any comments please the comments section if you like to +-NWME22BZPu-00111-00107506-00108778 subscribe please do like this video and let us know what you think until then - +-NWME22BZPu-00112-00108778-00109014 goofy +-Pk4qjc-Jt8-00000-00000259-00000570 - An example of where gender diversity +-Pk4qjc-Jt8-00001-00000570-00000963 might have been helpful in a team that's building a project +-Pk4qjc-Jt8-00002-00000963-00001331 is with Apple HealthKit, which launched with iOS 8. +-Pk4qjc-Jt8-00003-00001331-00001507 So when it first came out it was meant to be +-Pk4qjc-Jt8-00004-00001507-00001664 this bundling of all these different useful +-Pk4qjc-Jt8-00005-00001664-00002013 tracking services for anything related to health. +-Pk4qjc-Jt8-00006-00002013-00002273 But one thing that they missed in their first launch, +-Pk4qjc-Jt8-00007-00002273-00002455 was period tracking. +-Pk4qjc-Jt8-00008-00002455-00002721 Which is the one form of quantified self +-Pk4qjc-Jt8-00009-00002721-00003076 that has been around for millennia I'm guessing. +-Pk4qjc-Jt8-00010-00003076-00003326 And it's one thing that many women, +-Pk4qjc-Jt8-00011-00003326-00003501 or people who have periods, +-Pk4qjc-Jt8-00012-00003501-00003710 need to keep track of all the time. +-Pk4qjc-Jt8-00013-00003710-00004063 And somehow it was missed in the first launch of HealthKit. +-Pk4qjc-Jt8-00014-00004063-00004338 It was added in later because there was this big outcry, +-Pk4qjc-Jt8-00015-00004338-00004533 but it's just one of these examples of +-Pk4qjc-Jt8-00016-00004533-00004690 having that greater diversity +-Pk4qjc-Jt8-00017-00004690-00005065 being beneficial to the products being built. +-S9w-VeWn0y-00000-00000000-00001360 [Music] hello guys welcome back to our Channel Tales of a d and c [Music] +-S9w-VeWn0y-00001-00002694-00002794 um +-S9w-VeWn0y-00002-00002960-00003060 [Music] +-S9w-VeWn0y-00003-00003060-00004902 let's see +-S9w-VeWn0y-00004-00005568-00005664 either a challenge +-S9w-VeWn0y-00005-00007872-00008718 foreign +-S9w-VeWn0y-00006-00011232-00011442 I prefer Stone successful learning guys +-S9w-VeWn0y-00007-00013026-00013284 okay so second and started Moana +-S9w-VeWn0y-00008-00014346-00014412 [Music] +-S9w-VeWn0y-00009-00014647-00014747 [Music] +-S9w-VeWn0y-00010-00014747-00015084 um one +-S9w-VeWn0y-00011-00015318-00015708 two three go cheese cheese +-S9w-VeWn0y-00012-00016926-00017094 let's go +-S9w-VeWn0y-00013-00017886-00017986 um +-S9w-VeWn0y-00014-00022266-00022932 foreign +-S9w-VeWn0y-00015-00025772-00025872 [Music] +-S9w-VeWn0y-00016-00025872-00026826 foreign +-S9w-VeWn0y-00017-00030456-00031314 butter cookies guys +-S9w-VeWn0y-00018-00031554-00032154 around six cookies +-S9w-VeWn0y-00019-00032400-00032442 foreign +-S9w-VeWn0y-00020-00034382-00034482 [Music] +-S9w-VeWn0y-00021-00034482-00034782 so let's go +-S9w-VeWn0y-00022-00034992-00035994 one two three probably yes +-S9w-VeWn0y-00023-00036174-00036534 I've been successfully guys yes +-S9w-VeWn0y-00024-00036900-00037188 excuse me +-S9w-VeWn0y-00025-00039102-00039498 foreign +-S9w-VeWn0y-00026-00042050-00042150 [Music] +-S9w-VeWn0y-00027-00042150-00042606 foreign +-S9w-VeWn0y-00028-00046440-00046540 um +-S9w-VeWn0y-00029-00048420-00050008 thank you [Music] +-U0BD9dYc5k-00000-00000020-00000279 Hello. +-U0BD9dYc5k-00001-00000283-00000929 People love the last video we tried BTS V's wolf cut hairstyle. +-U0BD9dYc5k-00002-00000933-00001375 That's why we are here again. +-U0BD9dYc5k-00003-00001375-00001841 Do you have any style you want to try? +-U0BD9dYc5k-00004-00001850-00002141 I want to change the colour. +-U0BD9dYc5k-00005-00002145-00002366 But I am not sure what colour will look good on me. +-U0BD9dYc5k-00006-00002370-00002666 I am asking you to recommend a hair colour. +-U0BD9dYc5k-00007-00002670-00002970 Are you okay with bleaching your hair? +-U0BD9dYc5k-00008-00002979-00003087 (He's a bit confused.) Maybe, yes? +-U0BD9dYc5k-00009-00003091-00003341 If it is not too much. +-U0BD9dYc5k-00010-00003350-00003604 Today, +-U0BD9dYc5k-00011-00003604-00003900 I would like to make your hair colour lighter. +-U0BD9dYc5k-00012-00003904-00004304 BTS is so popular all over the world right now. +-U0BD9dYc5k-00013-00004320-00004745 I've looked at Jimin's hairstyle. +-U0BD9dYc5k-00014-00004754-00005100 He's tried lots of colours. +-U0BD9dYc5k-00015-00005262-00006095 Since your face is slightly yellow, [She will pick an appropriate colour for his face colour.] +-U0BD9dYc5k-00016-00006316-00007520 Jimin's style. Bright tone with a bit of greyish. we are going to mix violet and try Jimin's style as much as we can. +-U0BD9dYc5k-00017-00007533-00007820 That is my plan today. +-U0BD9dYc5k-00018-00007945-00008620 When BTS visited Paris for the concert, they may visit here to buy something. (We were filming this on the middle of October 2018.) +-U0BD9dYc5k-00019-00008620-00008879 (That didn't happen.) +-U0BD9dYc5k-00020-00008883-00009091 If they need something, their manager will buy something for them. +-U0BD9dYc5k-00021-00009100-00009233 You're right. +-U0BD9dYc5k-00022-00009262-00009583 (He realized) Jimin won't come here himself. +-U0BD9dYc5k-00023-00009733-00010412 It wasn't Jimin. I had a business trip for the luxury brand which is starting an alphabet F. +-U0BD9dYc5k-00024-00010425-00010925 Searom didn't recognize one of the famous female singers. +-U0BD9dYc5k-00025-00010929-00011166 Did she visit here? +-U0BD9dYc5k-00026-00011187-00011383 She came here and you didn't recognize her? +-U0BD9dYc5k-00027-00011391-00011558 -- No one recognized her. -- Really? +-U0BD9dYc5k-00028-00011608-00012066 she turned on her own song and sang it. +-U0BD9dYc5k-00029-00012158-00012412 I was like, Is she some TV star? +-U0BD9dYc5k-00030-00012804-00013604 She let us know what she's done in Korea. She said she used to get a special discount when she was in Korea since she's a famous star. +-U0BD9dYc5k-00031-00013604-00014004 One of our managers asked her what company she's belonging. +-U0BD9dYc5k-00032-00014025-00014212 She was a TV start of A company. +-U0BD9dYc5k-00033-00014404-00014595 I was so sorry. That's why I am studying TV stars. +-U0BD9dYc5k-00034-00014600-00015075 I already saved BTS on my memory. I can recognize them for sure. +-U0BD9dYc5k-00035-00015612-00016266 Are K-pop and BTS popular in France? +-U0BD9dYc5k-00036-00016425-00017091 (He is a student who studies abroad in France.) I think BTS is beyond K-pop. +-U0BD9dYc5k-00037-00017091-00017437 BTS themselves is the icon. +-U0BD9dYc5k-00038-00017441-00019220 When I talk to French friends, they usually start having interest in Korean music through BTS. +-U0BD9dYc5k-00039-00019229-00019825 As a musician in France, +-U0BD9dYc5k-00040-00019829-00020525 I can say that BTS helps people knows other genres of Korea. +-U0BD9dYc5k-00041-00020537-00021191 I think there are many Koreans who don't know hip hop. +-U0BD9dYc5k-00042-00021212-00022312 But there are French people who know Korean raps. It is kind of amazing. +-U0BD9dYc5k-00043-00022433-00022783 His hair is getting bleached. +-U0BD9dYc5k-00044-00022795-00023229 Completed bleaching. +-U0BD9dYc5k-00045-00023233-00023529 How's the result? +-U0BD9dYc5k-00046-00023537-00023679 -- Let's see. -- Yes. +-U0BD9dYc5k-00047-00023708-00023770 One. +-U0BD9dYc5k-00048-00023775-00023916 Two. +-U0BD9dYc5k-00049-00023920-00024000 Three +-U0BD9dYc5k-00050-00024008-00024237 Ta-da. Wow. +-U0BD9dYc5k-00051-00024337-00024466 (He gets shy in a sudden.) +-U0BD9dYc5k-00052-00024587-00024841 The bleaching process succeeded. +-U0BD9dYc5k-00053-00024845-00025166 If you bleach one more, your hair will be white. +-U0BD9dYc5k-00054-00025183-00025525 I think this is enough. +-U0BD9dYc5k-00055-00025579-00025712 Let's dry your hair now. +-U0BD9dYc5k-00056-00026137-00026400 (What is this silence?) +-U0BD9dYc5k-00057-00026504-00026816 Why are we so silent? +-U0BD9dYc5k-00058-00026829-00027087 Finished drying. +-U0BD9dYc5k-00059-00027150-00027775 I will use a hair dye to get rid of this yellowish. +-U0BD9dYc5k-00060-00027779-00028104 Violet can get rid of yellowish. +-U0BD9dYc5k-00061-00028562-00028929 -- It has a strong scent. -- Yeah, this is a strong one. +-U0BD9dYc5k-00062-00029008-00029408 It is strong. It smells like fermented fish. +-U0BD9dYc5k-00063-00029429-00029829 I covered his hair with the hair dye. +-U0BD9dYc5k-00064-00029841-00030062 I will wash his hair in 10 min. +-U0BD9dYc5k-00065-00030175-00030816 I just put the dye on his hair. But I can know that the colour will turn out beautiful. +-U0BD9dYc5k-00066-00030816-00031116 We are excited. +-U0BD9dYc5k-00067-00031154-00031670 Based on his skin tone, it's not gonna be too bright. +-U0BD9dYc5k-00068-00031754-00032379 Searom's tip: If you have a dark skin tone, a darker colour would be better than a brighter colour. +-U0BD9dYc5k-00069-00032383-00032491 Well, +-U0BD9dYc5k-00070-00032500-00032737 If you want to have bright hair colours, go for it. +-U0BD9dYc5k-00071-00032829-00033466 What you think the best on you is the best. +-U0BD9dYc5k-00072-00033475-00034145 When I was young, you know, sometimes we have bad hair day. +-U0BD9dYc5k-00073-00034150-00034483 I used to be depressed the whole day because of my hair. +-U0BD9dYc5k-00074-00034487-00035016 Back then, I was self-conscious a lot. +-U0BD9dYc5k-00075-00035029-00035441 But since I started living in Paris, I am not anymore. I am confident. +-U0BD9dYc5k-00076-00035483-00035608 How? +-U0BD9dYc5k-00077-00035616-00035937 I think you guys can find out when you visit Paris. +-U0BD9dYc5k-00078-00035975-00036491 Easy and fast recovery. If you are insecure, visit Paris. +-U0BD9dYc5k-00079-00036504-00036750 I came here +-U0BD9dYc5k-00080-00036754-00036991 and I am doing what I really want to do with courage. +-U0BD9dYc5k-00081-00037054-00037841 I think that was the first step that I made myself secure and believe myself. +-U0BD9dYc5k-00082-00037858-00038208 But I don't think you have less confidence. +-U0BD9dYc5k-00083-00038216-00038675 Look at you right now. You're sitting here putting your hair all the way back. +-U0BD9dYc5k-00084-00038683-00038995 Lots of people don't like to sit in front of the camera like this. +-U0BD9dYc5k-00085-00039008-00039145 Let me tell you. +-U0BD9dYc5k-00086-00039150-00039391 I have very bad eyesight. +-U0BD9dYc5k-00087-00039395-00039716 Don't get me wrong. I just can't see how I look like right now. +-U0BD9dYc5k-00088-00039720-00040037 I probably will get really embarrassed once this video uploaded. +-U0BD9dYc5k-00089-00040041-00040300 Well, I did last time. (He said he will regret this moment.) +-U0BD9dYc5k-00090-00040308-00040708 I trusted the editor. +-U0BD9dYc5k-00091-00040708-00040866 (He couldn't say more.) +-U0BD9dYc5k-00092-00040870-00041216 [There's no secret in Paris hair salon channel, guys.] +-U0BD9dYc5k-00093-00041295-00041612 I washed his hair. +-U0BD9dYc5k-00094-00041729-00043933 Today's style: It will be more sophisticated than looking fancy. Searom will divide his har half and half or 6:4 like other K-pop idols. They do this style recently. +-U0BD9dYc5k-00095-00043937-00044483 The colour turned out great. +-U0BD9dYc5k-00096-00044500-00044683 I am not sure if the camera can show this colour as it is. +-U0BD9dYc5k-00097-00044691-00044991 [The limit of the machine. The camera can't catch all of the real colour we're seeing now.] +-U0BD9dYc5k-00098-00045387-00045725 There's an important tip when you part your hair. +-U0BD9dYc5k-00099-00045729-00046100 Usually, guys want to volumize the top of the head. (This part.) +-U0BD9dYc5k-00100-00046145-00047483 Styling tip: You don't need to part your hair and dry it. Dry your whole hair together. Make sure the dryer blow the hair from the back to the front. You can see your hair will get volume. +-U0BD9dYc5k-00101-00047491-00048404 Styling tip: When you dry your hair alone, bend your upper body a bit so that you can make the wind blow from the back to the front. +-U0BD9dYc5k-00102-00048975-00049254 Once you're done with drying your hair, +-U0BD9dYc5k-00103-00049266-00049570 Now, I will dry your hair again making the smooth shape. +-U0BD9dYc5k-00104-00049583-00050316 I will give some volume at the front and the sides. +-U0BD9dYc5k-00105-00050333-00050987 I will part your hair half and a half. Like your upper hair is going over your whole hair. +-U0BD9dYc5k-00106-00051004-00051270 Let's dry the hair again. +-U0BD9dYc5k-00107-00051308-00052554 Styling tip: Start drying from the bottom hair. It is easy to give volume to your hair if you blow warm wind to the roots of the hair. You can use a roll-shaped comb. +-U0BD9dYc5k-00108-00052566-00052920 Comb the hair. (Please follow this.) +-U0BD9dYc5k-00109-00052929-00053487 And roll it out while you are drying it. (Please follow this.) +-U0BD9dYc5k-00110-00053500-00053679 Comb the hair. (Please follow this.) +-U0BD9dYc5k-00111-00053687-00054133 And roll it out while you are drying it. (Please follow this.) +-U0BD9dYc5k-00112-00054137-00054337 Give more volume near the part. (Please follow this.) +-U0BD9dYc5k-00113-00054350-00054804 Dry the front hair downside. (Please follow this.) +-U0BD9dYc5k-00114-00054816-00055183 Comb the hair. (Do the opposite side as well.) +-U0BD9dYc5k-00115-00055200-00055475 And roll it out while you are drying it. (Do the opposite side as well.) +-U0BD9dYc5k-00116-00055487-00055729 Comb the hair. (Do the opposite side as well.) +-U0BD9dYc5k-00117-00055733-00056350 And roll it out while you are drying it. (Do the opposite side as well.) +-U0BD9dYc5k-00118-00056366-00056637 Completed natural looking volume. +-U0BD9dYc5k-00119-00056641-00056875 To give more volume at the root. +-U0BD9dYc5k-00120-00056883-00057841 Root volume tip: Put a roll-shaped comb where you want to give volume. Fix it and blow wind. After that cool them down. +-U0BD9dYc5k-00121-00057850-00058287 Pull the comb to the opposite side of the root at the first. And change the direction to where the hair grows. +-U0BD9dYc5k-00122-00058437-00058787 If you want to give more volume at the bang hair, +-U0BD9dYc5k-00123-00058816-00059562 Volume up tip: Fix the bang hair by using little hair clip. Apply hair spray and fix the shape. +-U0BD9dYc5k-00124-00060137-00060679 Finally, I completed his hair! +-U0BD9dYc5k-00125-00060691-00061091 How do you like it? +-U0BD9dYc5k-00126-00061116-00061641 I love the shape and colour. +-U0BD9dYc5k-00127-00061662-00062345 And I am so glad that my hair didn't get much damage even we bleached them. +-U0BD9dYc5k-00128-00062354-00062616 Thanks a lot to Searom. I will remember this colour. +-U0BD9dYc5k-00129-00062620-00062925 And I will do this colour again when it is faded out. +-U0BD9dYc5k-00130-00062950-00063137 Thank you so much for this amazing job. +-U0BD9dYc5k-00131-00063233-00063445 If you like this video, +-U0BD9dYc5k-00132-00063445-00063679 please click the subscribe button and the like button. +-U0BD9dYc5k-00133-00063691-00063891 Bye~ +-U0BD9dYc5k-00134-00065370-00065845 If you go to the concert, you should upload the video about it. +-U0BD9dYc5k-00135-00066179-00066500 You should be one of the ARMY shaking the light stick. +-U0BD9dYc5k-00136-00066570-00067091 2018. 10. 20 The place where BTS is taking the concert. #Amizing size #Paris Bercy #Is it Paris or Korea? +-U0BD9dYc5k-00137-00067091-00067608 Between these lots of light sticks, I am one of the ARMY at least today. +-U0BD9dYc5k-00138-00067620-00068579 If you like this video, please click the subscribe button. +-WAT7TV63pY-00000-00000000-00000200 <hr> tag in html +-dIKM8jTmDU-00000-00000017-00000344 Все корпоративное благосостояние, да, оно идет от денежных +-dIKM8jTmDU-00001-00000344-00000670 выплат до долга, к правилам о конкурентах, ограничениям +-dIKM8jTmDU-00002-00000670-00000791 в торговле, мандатам. +-dIKM8jTmDU-00003-00000791-00001159 Вы называете это, что угодно, чтобы бизнес не справлялся +-dIKM8jTmDU-00004-00001159-00001567 с работой по созданию ценность для других - они могут просто +-dIKM8jTmDU-00005-00001567-00001769 получить систему в свою пользу. +-dIKM8jTmDU-00006-00001769-00002136 Америка была первой страной в истории, на которой были +-dIKM8jTmDU-00007-00002136-00002382 основаны люди, у которых есть права. +-dIKM8jTmDU-00008-00002382-00002749 Не божественное право царей, не бог императора, не идолопоклонник, +-dIKM8jTmDU-00009-00002749-00003116 или мы должны делать то, что говорит дорогой вождь. +-dIKM8jTmDU-00010-00003116-00003522 И, безусловно, это это система равных прав, и тогда создаются +-dIKM8jTmDU-00011-00003522-00003727 правительства для обеспечения этих прав. +-dIKM8jTmDU-00012-00003727-00003930 Лучшая часть моей работы - выполнение. +-dIKM8jTmDU-00013-00003930-00004339 Когда я вижу, что мы создаем ценность, что мы помогаем +-dIKM8jTmDU-00014-00004339-00004705 улучшить жизнь людей, и мы извлекаем из этого выгоду, +-dIKM8jTmDU-00015-00004705-00004950 так что это система взаимной выгоды. +-dIKM8jTmDU-00016-00004950-00005194 Наша философия работает, что меня возбуждает. +-dIKM8jTmDU-00017-00005194-00005439 Это то, что заставляет меня двигаться . +-euxXS5WNEM-00000-00001344-00001823 it's like president donald trump as he's assassinated on stage i'd like +-euxXS5WNEM-00001-00001823-00002119 to punch him in the face i'll join a million other people +-euxXS5WNEM-00002-00002119-00002424 surrounding the united states capital i have thought +-euxXS5WNEM-00003-00002424-00003103 an awful lot about blowing up the white house +-euxXS5WNEM-00004-00003103-00003496 joe biden says he is concerned president trump will try to steal +-euxXS5WNEM-00005-00003496-00003815 the november election this president's going to try to steal this election +-euxXS5WNEM-00006-00003815-00004160 this is a trial run for the president of the united states +-euxXS5WNEM-00007-00004160-00004816 who may be organizing uh to not accept uh what happens when we have the +-euxXS5WNEM-00008-00004816-00005128 election if he loses and i expect that he will +-euxXS5WNEM-00009-00005128-00005448 then we have to be prepared for what he is going to do in the immediate +-euxXS5WNEM-00010-00005448-00005719 aftermath of such a loss whether he knows it yet +-euxXS5WNEM-00011-00005719-00006152 or not he will be leaving here you have four chiefs of staff +-euxXS5WNEM-00012-00006152-00006504 coming out and ripping the skin off of trump +-euxXS5WNEM-00013-00006504-00007000 and you have so many rank and file military personnel saying +-euxXS5WNEM-00014-00007000-00007359 whoa we're not a military state this is not who we are +-euxXS5WNEM-00015-00007359-00007728 if he's not elected is he going to pull out +-euxXS5WNEM-00016-00007728-00008311 his military is he going to engage us he is already alluded to there may be a +-euxXS5WNEM-00017-00008311-00008920 civil war he is clearly trying to ignite a civil war in this +-euxXS5WNEM-00018-00008920-00009160 country +-euxXS5WNEM-00019-00009360-00009975 these are not acts of peaceful protests these are acts of domestic terror well i +-euxXS5WNEM-00020-00009975-00010232 think it's the obligation of some executive branch officials to +-euxXS5WNEM-00021-00010232-00010639 refuse to carry out some of these orders just because he might not want to move +-euxXS5WNEM-00022-00010639-00010952 out of the white house doesn't mean we won't have an inauguration +-euxXS5WNEM-00023-00010952-00011320 you take on the intelligence community they have six ways from sunday at +-euxXS5WNEM-00024-00011320-00011671 getting back at you i promise you i'm absolutely convinced they will escort +-euxXS5WNEM-00025-00011671-00012024 him from the white house with great dispatch government's gonna +-euxXS5WNEM-00026-00012024-00012400 kill this guy so i have a lot of enemies out there +-euxXS5WNEM-00027-00012400-00012679 this may be the last time you'll see me for a while +-euxXS5WNEM-00028-00012679-00013136 a lot of very very rich enemies but they are not happy with what i'm doing +-euxXS5WNEM-00029-00013136-00013495 but i figure we have one chance to do it and no other president is going to do +-euxXS5WNEM-00030-00013495-00014384 what i do +-euxXS5WNEM-00031-00014863-00015072 you +-idicucq3uu-00000-00000843-00001143 Okay?? change?? +-idicucq3uu-00001-00001176-00001459 I think im gonna change my IGN.. +-idicucq3uu-00002-00001460-00001766 Just do it.. +-idicucq3uu-00003-00001766-00002219 Lets summon now... do I have evolve material?? +-idicucq3uu-00004-00004430-00004830 I will evolve first... +-idicucq3uu-00005-00004830-00005230 After that I will do summons.... Thats for today.. +-idicucq3uu-00006-00007463-00008003 We will evolve *5 after this we summon.... +-idicucq3uu-00007-00008133-00008533 Just like usual.. +-idicucq3uu-00008-00008593-00009073 Okay now we ready to summons.... +-idicucq3uu-00009-00009096-00009279 MS first... +-idicucq3uu-00010-00009756-00010156 Ouch no lightning... +-idicucq3uu-00011-00010156-00010556 3 left, still no lightning.. +-idicucq3uu-00012-00011193-00011643 Molong.... Grrrrr..... damn.... +-idicucq3uu-00013-00011756-00012049 Molong!!!! Molong!!! +-idicucq3uu-00014-00012093-00012359 Ouch no lightning.... How about LND?? +-idicucq3uu-00015-00013216-00013616 Yes new toy.... +-idicucq3uu-00016-00014010-00014410 Im so happy.... +-idicucq3uu-00017-00014756-00015029 Its okay... just do legendary scroll... +-idicucq3uu-00018-00015756-00016156 Yes 2 new toys..... +-idicucq3uu-00019-00017183-00017449 Thanks God +-idicucq3uu-00020-00018026-00018293 Im so happy... thank you... +-idicucq3uu-00021-00018313-00018513 At last... new toys.... 2 +-idicucq3uu-00022-00020220-00020816 Okay thats all from me... thank you... comment like subscribe... bye bye.... +-jasI0yZT_g-00000-00000091-00000254 DIRECTOR SUSAN CLEARY: Hello, everyone. +-jasI0yZT_g-00001-00000254-00000354 My name is Susan Cleary. +-jasI0yZT_g-00002-00000354-00000581 And I'm the Director of Policy and Public Outreach +-jasI0yZT_g-00003-00000581-00000814 at the State Department's Bureau of Oceans, Environment, +-jasI0yZT_g-00004-00000814-00000903 and Science. +-jasI0yZT_g-00005-00000903-00001188 It's my pleasure to welcome you today's live interactive event +-jasI0yZT_g-00006-00001188-00001448 here in Washington, DC-- We Need Nature, +-jasI0yZT_g-00007-00001448-00001691 the Importance of Biodiversity. +-jasI0yZT_g-00008-00001691-00001898 This discussion comes at a critical time. +-jasI0yZT_g-00009-00001898-00002152 We're seeing record levels of warming on this planet, +-jasI0yZT_g-00010-00002152-00002437 unprecedented melting of glaciers in the Arctic, +-jasI0yZT_g-00011-00002437-00002701 and increased acidification of our oceans. +-jasI0yZT_g-00012-00002701-00002981 So what are the implications for global biodiversity and what +-jasI0yZT_g-00013-00002981-00003208 needs to happen to address these issues? +-jasI0yZT_g-00014-00003208-00003369 These are precisely the questions +-jasI0yZT_g-00015-00003369-00003676 that will be raised next week at the largest conservation +-jasI0yZT_g-00016-00003676-00004126 event on the planet, the IUCN World Conservation Congress. +-jasI0yZT_g-00017-00004126-00004279 For the first time ever, this event +-jasI0yZT_g-00018-00004279-00004438 is coming to the United States. +-jasI0yZT_g-00019-00004438-00004747 And it's going to be hosted by the state of Hawaii. +-jasI0yZT_g-00020-00004747-00005013 Thousands of representatives from governments, NGOs, +-jasI0yZT_g-00021-00005013-00005182 and the scientific community will +-jasI0yZT_g-00022-00005182-00005428 gather to make major decisions about international +-jasI0yZT_g-00023-00005428-00005592 conservation efforts. +-jasI0yZT_g-00024-00005592-00005818 To help shed light on the importance of this upcoming +-jasI0yZT_g-00025-00005818-00006002 event and why we should be concerned +-jasI0yZT_g-00026-00006002-00006282 about the state of biodiversity on our planet, +-jasI0yZT_g-00027-00006282-00006675 I have two distinguished experts with me, Dr. Sam Gon, +-jasI0yZT_g-00028-00006675-00006963 a senior scientist and cultural advisor at the Nature +-jasI0yZT_g-00029-00006963-00007251 Conservancy Hawaii and Amanda McCarty, +-jasI0yZT_g-00030-00007251-00007542 Assistant Director for Partnerships at the National +-jasI0yZT_g-00031-00007542-00007870 Sea Grant Office, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric +-jasI0yZT_g-00032-00007870-00007989 Administration. +-jasI0yZT_g-00033-00007989-00008222 They've spent their careers in different areas. +-jasI0yZT_g-00034-00008222-00008552 Sam has focused on Hawaiian ecology and culture. +-jasI0yZT_g-00035-00008552-00008889 Amanda has worked on global ocean and climate issues. +-jasI0yZT_g-00036-00008889-00009047 However, they share-- what they do +-jasI0yZT_g-00037-00009047-00009344 share is the use of scientific research and analysis +-jasI0yZT_g-00038-00009344-00009672 to make informed decisions on conserving and sustaining +-jasI0yZT_g-00039-00009672-00009897 our precious ecological systems. +-jasI0yZT_g-00040-00009897-00010139 Thank you two so much for being here today. +-jasI0yZT_g-00041-00010139-00010299 We're delighted to have you. +-jasI0yZT_g-00042-00010299-00010472 Now, before we start into the discussion, +-jasI0yZT_g-00043-00010472-00010677 I just wanted to say hello to everyone joining us +-jasI0yZT_g-00044-00010677-00010862 online through Facebook. +-jasI0yZT_g-00045-00010862-00011101 Live as well are our viewing groups in Papua New Guinea +-jasI0yZT_g-00046-00011101-00011267 and Samoa right now. +-jasI0yZT_g-00047-00011267-00011469 And we're ready to take your questions. +-jasI0yZT_g-00048-00011469-00011719 If you are on Facebook, please use the comment section +-jasI0yZT_g-00049-00011719-00011807 to ask your question. +-jasI0yZT_g-00050-00011807-00012143 And we'll get to as many as we can during this hour. +-jasI0yZT_g-00051-00012143-00012366 And with that, I wanted to start the conversation +-jasI0yZT_g-00052-00012366-00012622 with a question for each of you. +-jasI0yZT_g-00053-00012622-00013159 Dr. Gon, Hawaii is just about to host the World Conservation +-jasI0yZT_g-00054-00013159-00013256 Congress. +-jasI0yZT_g-00055-00013256-00013655 And some call this the Olympics of conservation. +-jasI0yZT_g-00056-00013655-00013933 Can you tell us a little bit more about that event +-jasI0yZT_g-00057-00013933-00014186 and why this gathering is important for the topic +-jasI0yZT_g-00058-00014186-00014253 of biodiversity? +-jasI0yZT_g-00059-00014506-00014791 DR. GON: Well, certainly the idea +-jasI0yZT_g-00060-00014791-00015043 of the Olympics and conservation comes from the fact +-jasI0yZT_g-00061-00015043-00015344 that the IUCN's World Conservation Congress occurs +-jasI0yZT_g-00062-00015344-00015493 once every four years. +-jasI0yZT_g-00063-00015493-00015858 And four years ago, it was in Jeju, Korea, South Korea. +-jasI0yZT_g-00064-00015858-00016097 And this time, as you said, the first time +-jasI0yZT_g-00065-00016097-00016479 that the United States hosted the IUCN Conservation Congress. +-jasI0yZT_g-00066-00016479-00016687 It's occurring in Honolulu, Hawaii. +-jasI0yZT_g-00067-00016687-00016891 And people are gearing up. +-jasI0yZT_g-00068-00016891-00017308 And the preparations are reaching a fevered pace now, +-jasI0yZT_g-00069-00017308-00017644 because in just about a week will be the opening day. +-jasI0yZT_g-00070-00017644-00017974 September 1st, of thousands of delegates +-jasI0yZT_g-00071-00017974-00018558 from 160 or so countries coming to meet on conservation issues +-jasI0yZT_g-00072-00018558-00018645 globally. +-jasI0yZT_g-00073-00018645-00018858 And that's occurring in the Hawaiian Islands, which +-jasI0yZT_g-00074-00018858-00019206 is one of the hot spots of biodiversity conservation +-jasI0yZT_g-00075-00019206-00019530 in the United States and indeed in the world. +-jasI0yZT_g-00076-00019530-00019731 DIRECTOR CLEARY: That's wonderful. +-jasI0yZT_g-00077-00019731-00020211 And I wonder if I can turn it to Amanda for a second. +-jasI0yZT_g-00078-00020211-00020624 Hawaii, obviously, is surrounded by oceans. +-jasI0yZT_g-00079-00020624-00020922 But ocean and climate is one of the big topics +-jasI0yZT_g-00080-00020922-00021279 as well, not only at the conference in Hawaii, +-jasI0yZT_g-00081-00021279-00021814 but in a follow-up conference in Washington right after that. +-jasI0yZT_g-00082-00021814-00022025 Can you just talk to us a little bit? +-jasI0yZT_g-00083-00022025-00022229 I mean, I think a lot of people don't +-jasI0yZT_g-00084-00022229-00022514 understand the threat that climate change has +-jasI0yZT_g-00085-00022514-00022576 on the ocean. +-jasI0yZT_g-00086-00022576-00022966 I mean, how seriously is the impact of climate on the ocean? +-jasI0yZT_g-00087-00022966-00023107 ASSISTANT DIRECTOR AMANDA MCCARTY: +-jasI0yZT_g-00088-00023107-00023247 Well, it's very serious. +-jasI0yZT_g-00089-00023247-00023663 I think a lot of people don't realize that climate change is +-jasI0yZT_g-00090-00023663-00023740 ocean change. +-jasI0yZT_g-00091-00023740-00024016 50% of the change that we see in the climate +-jasI0yZT_g-00092-00024016-00024204 is actually taking place in the oceans. +-jasI0yZT_g-00093-00024204-00024502 The oceans and our climate are interwoven. +-jasI0yZT_g-00094-00024502-00024640 And so what we do to the climate, +-jasI0yZT_g-00095-00024640-00024837 we're doing directly to the oceans. +-jasI0yZT_g-00096-00024837-00025068 It's everything from changing temperatures +-jasI0yZT_g-00097-00025068-00025477 to changing currents to changing pH. +-jasI0yZT_g-00098-00025477-00025649 The oceans are acidifying. +-jasI0yZT_g-00099-00025649-00025843 So it's pretty serious. +-jasI0yZT_g-00100-00025843-00026061 And you know, the oceans and humans +-jasI0yZT_g-00101-00026061-00026189 are tightly interwoven, too. +-jasI0yZT_g-00102-00026189-00026505 So what we do to the oceans, we do to ourselves. +-jasI0yZT_g-00103-00026505-00026680 DIRECTOR CLEARY: Thank you very much. +-jasI0yZT_g-00104-00026680-00027052 Now, let's go to our viewing group in Apia, Samoa. +-jasI0yZT_g-00105-00027052-00027308 I wonder if our guests gathered there +-jasI0yZT_g-00106-00027308-00027468 have a question for the panel? +-jasI0yZT_g-00107-00027468-00027852 AUDIENCE: I have a question for Dr. Sam Gon. +-jasI0yZT_g-00108-00027852-00028213 In relation to your background as a cultural advisor, +-jasI0yZT_g-00109-00028213-00028430 how do you see the role of traditional knowledge +-jasI0yZT_g-00110-00028430-00028847 in monitoring some of our biodiversity tools, +-jasI0yZT_g-00111-00028847-00029322 so tracking our progress on biodiversity targets? +-jasI0yZT_g-00112-00029322-00029729 DR. SAM GON: Hawaiian culture is the prominent indigenous +-jasI0yZT_g-00113-00029729-00029998 culture that would be interplaying +-jasI0yZT_g-00114-00029998-00030266 with biodiversity conservation. +-jasI0yZT_g-00115-00030266-00030581 And I'm the current chair of the Hawaiian Conservation Alliance, +-jasI0yZT_g-00116-00030581-00030819 which is 25 different federal, state, +-jasI0yZT_g-00117-00030819-00031179 and private organizations that are all devoted to conservation +-jasI0yZT_g-00118-00031179-00031672 of Hawaii's biodiversity and ecosystems, land and sea. +-jasI0yZT_g-00119-00031672-00031935 And that group recently put together +-jasI0yZT_g-00120-00031935-00032381 a position paper acknowledging the importance +-jasI0yZT_g-00121-00032381-00032758 of Hawaiian culture and the need to integrate +-jasI0yZT_g-00122-00032758-00033182 Hawaiian values, knowledge, and approaches into conservation +-jasI0yZT_g-00123-00033182-00033333 efforts in Hawaii. +-jasI0yZT_g-00124-00033333-00033521 This becomes more and more important +-jasI0yZT_g-00125-00033521-00033887 as we look to community corroborations +-jasI0yZT_g-00126-00033887-00034165 in management of land and sea. +-jasI0yZT_g-00127-00034165-00034730 No government is able to handle the huge conservation issues. +-jasI0yZT_g-00128-00034730-00035086 Everyone in all communities living in Hawaii +-jasI0yZT_g-00129-00035086-00035345 need to be involved in this in an active way, +-jasI0yZT_g-00130-00035345-00035591 either in the prevention or the mitigation +-jasI0yZT_g-00131-00035591-00035865 or the repair of environmental damage +-jasI0yZT_g-00132-00035865-00036117 that has occurred over the last few centuries. +-jasI0yZT_g-00133-00036117-00036313 And certainly in the years to come, +-jasI0yZT_g-00134-00036313-00036582 with global climate change affecting +-jasI0yZT_g-00135-00036582-00037064 both land, freshwater, and ocean resources, +-jasI0yZT_g-00136-00037064-00037413 to know that you live in the context of an island +-jasI0yZT_g-00137-00037413-00037775 people that had sustainably lived +-jasI0yZT_g-00138-00037775-00038075 in those ecosystems for 1,000 years +-jasI0yZT_g-00139-00038075-00038213 means that there are many lessons +-jasI0yZT_g-00140-00038213-00038702 to be learned by paying attention to cultural knowledge +-jasI0yZT_g-00141-00038702-00038992 and to indigenous approaches. +-jasI0yZT_g-00142-00038992-00039142 DIRECTOR CLEARY: Thank you, Dr. Gon. +-jasI0yZT_g-00143-00039142-00039284 That was very interesting. +-jasI0yZT_g-00144-00039284-00039495 OK, now let's turn to our viewing group in Port +-jasI0yZT_g-00145-00039495-00039705 Moresby, Papua New Guinea. +-jasI0yZT_g-00146-00039705-00039941 Do we have a question from our group there? +-jasI0yZT_g-00147-00039941-00040100 AUDIENCE: I was wondering if you could +-jasI0yZT_g-00148-00040100-00040299 talk about your experience in Hawaii +-jasI0yZT_g-00149-00040299-00040826 with ecotourism and sort of monetizing conservation. +-jasI0yZT_g-00150-00040826-00041129 I'm the economic officer here, economic [INAUDIBLE] officer +-jasI0yZT_g-00151-00041129-00041179 [INAUDIBLE]. +-jasI0yZT_g-00152-00041179-00041378 I hear a lot of people say, you know, definitely +-jasI0yZT_g-00153-00041378-00041607 want to conserve, but we have to feed our families. +-jasI0yZT_g-00154-00041607-00041654 We have to fish. +-jasI0yZT_g-00155-00041654-00041748 We have to do these things. +-jasI0yZT_g-00156-00041748-00041895 Can you talk about some successes +-jasI0yZT_g-00157-00041895-00042196 globally maybe in using conservation +-jasI0yZT_g-00158-00042196-00042345 to drive economic growth? +-jasI0yZT_g-00159-00042345-00042706 DR. GON: The history of tourism in Hawaii +-jasI0yZT_g-00160-00042706-00042902 has hardly been ecologically friendly. +-jasI0yZT_g-00161-00042902-00043069 It's been mostly a matter of building up +-jasI0yZT_g-00162-00043069-00043214 resorts on the coast so that people +-jasI0yZT_g-00163-00043214-00043665 have a nice warm place to swim and lots of shopping to do. +-jasI0yZT_g-00164-00043665-00043906 But as more and more sophisticated +-jasI0yZT_g-00165-00043906-00044186 tourists arrive in the islands, they +-jasI0yZT_g-00166-00044186-00044417 are more interested in what is uniquely +-jasI0yZT_g-00167-00044417-00044672 available in the islands, whether it's +-jasI0yZT_g-00168-00044672-00044989 endemic species that are found only here and nowhere else, +-jasI0yZT_g-00169-00044989-00045323 whether it's the cultural components, the aspects +-jasI0yZT_g-00170-00045323-00045769 of Hawaiian culture that define the people here +-jasI0yZT_g-00171-00045769-00045983 and their interactions with the environment. +-jasI0yZT_g-00172-00045983-00046243 All of those things are gaining prominence. +-jasI0yZT_g-00173-00046243-00046749 Moreover, a good example is that on the island of Hawaii +-jasI0yZT_g-00174-00046749-00047030 at upper elevations, there is a movement now +-jasI0yZT_g-00175-00047030-00047477 to join between both publicly held lands and privately +-jasI0yZT_g-00176-00047477-00047793 held plans to establish an equestrian and foot +-jasI0yZT_g-00177-00047793-00048209 trail in the heart of Hawaiian forest bird habitat +-jasI0yZT_g-00178-00048209-00048559 so that tourists have an opportunity +-jasI0yZT_g-00179-00048559-00048809 to move through those habitats and ecosystems, +-jasI0yZT_g-00180-00048809-00049058 see those birds in place, rather than going +-jasI0yZT_g-00181-00049058-00049330 to a zoological park or something, +-jasI0yZT_g-00182-00049330-00050074 and in doing so, helping support the cost of conservation. +-jasI0yZT_g-00183-00050074-00050224 DIRECTOR CLEARY: Thank you, Dr. Gon. +-jasI0yZT_g-00184-00050224-00050577 Maybe I might ask Amanda as well to weigh +-jasI0yZT_g-00185-00050577-00050782 in on this one, because I think a lot of the work +-jasI0yZT_g-00186-00050782-00051165 that you do with NOAA really does impact on ecotourism +-jasI0yZT_g-00187-00051165-00051273 as well. +-jasI0yZT_g-00188-00051273-00051411 ASSISTANT DIRECTOR MCCARTY: Well, definitely-- the program +-jasI0yZT_g-00189-00051411-00051613 that I work for, the National Sea Grant program, +-jasI0yZT_g-00190-00051613-00051924 is a series of 33 university-based programs +-jasI0yZT_g-00191-00051924-00052045 throughout the United States. +-jasI0yZT_g-00192-00052045-00052332 And so we're working at the local community level +-jasI0yZT_g-00193-00052332-00052532 throughout the coastal communities of the United +-jasI0yZT_g-00194-00052532-00052582 States. +-jasI0yZT_g-00195-00052582-00052954 And a great example that relates to this also comes from Hawaii. +-jasI0yZT_g-00196-00052954-00053175 The idea of ecotourism, of bringing people in +-jasI0yZT_g-00197-00053175-00053357 to appreciate your ecology is great. +-jasI0yZT_g-00198-00053357-00053537 And at the same time, you want to make sure +-jasI0yZT_g-00199-00053537-00053801 that you're not destroying the ecology while you do it. +-jasI0yZT_g-00200-00053801-00054077 And so one of the programs that our Hawaii Sea Grant +-jasI0yZT_g-00201-00054077-00054478 program implemented is the Hanauma Bay Education Program +-jasI0yZT_g-00202-00054478-00054711 And this is a program by which visitors, +-jasI0yZT_g-00203-00054711-00054898 when they come in-- 10,000 people a day +-jasI0yZT_g-00204-00054898-00055084 are coming in to snorkel in this one bay. +-jasI0yZT_g-00205-00055084-00055482 And that can have massive impacts on the ecosystem. +-jasI0yZT_g-00206-00055482-00055721 And so Hawaii Sea Grants partnered +-jasI0yZT_g-00207-00055721-00055992 with schools and other organizations to say, +-jasI0yZT_g-00208-00055992-00056258 we want you to know a little bit about these ecosystems +-jasI0yZT_g-00209-00056258-00056392 before you dive in. +-jasI0yZT_g-00210-00056392-00056590 And so there's a video that you will +-jasI0yZT_g-00211-00056590-00056757 watch in an education center. +-jasI0yZT_g-00212-00056757-00056979 There are people that you can ask questions about. +-jasI0yZT_g-00213-00056979-00057186 But the goal is to say, you want to come +-jasI0yZT_g-00214-00057186-00057296 back five years from now. +-jasI0yZT_g-00215-00057296-00057529 And we want this to be beautiful when you get here, too. +-jasI0yZT_g-00216-00057529-00057888 So it's a great opportunity to bring education into ecotourism +-jasI0yZT_g-00217-00057888-00057966 as well. +-jasI0yZT_g-00218-00057966-00058125 DIRECTOR CLEARY: That's a great point. +-jasI0yZT_g-00219-00058125-00058307 DR. GON: That in that educational video +-jasI0yZT_g-00220-00058307-00058805 that greets people at Hanauma Baby is the voice of my +-jasI0yZT_g-00221-00058805-00059175 [INAUDIBLE], the person who taught me Hawaiian chant +-jasI0yZT_g-00222-00059175-00059489 and put me through the traditional rites of passage +-jasI0yZT_g-00223-00059489-00059696 as a cultural practitioner. +-jasI0yZT_g-00224-00059696-00060016 That is his voice celebrating the biodiversity +-jasI0yZT_g-00225-00060016-00060563 of Hanauma Bay in the Hawaiian cultural context, a kind +-jasI0yZT_g-00226-00060563-00060876 of appreciation that we hope the sophisticated tourists at least +-jasI0yZT_g-00227-00060876-00061168 will be able to appreciate and take back with them. +-jasI0yZT_g-00228-00061168-00061280 DIRECTOR CLEARY: OK, great. +-jasI0yZT_g-00229-00061280-00061351 That's wonderful. +-jasI0yZT_g-00230-00061351-00061566 Maybe we could go to our Facebook Live audience +-jasI0yZT_g-00231-00061566-00061775 for some online questions. +-jasI0yZT_g-00232-00061775-00062025 So we have one here right now. +-jasI0yZT_g-00233-00062025-00062354 The question is, if you had one plant or animal +-jasI0yZT_g-00234-00062354-00062712 species that you think needs more attention brought to it, +-jasI0yZT_g-00235-00062712-00062883 what would it be and why? +-jasI0yZT_g-00236-00062883-00063059 That's a great question. +-jasI0yZT_g-00237-00063059-00063548 Maybe-- do you mind if we go again to you, Dr. Gon, +-jasI0yZT_g-00238-00063548-00063644 in Hawaii? +-jasI0yZT_g-00239-00063644-00064154 Do you have an animal species you think needs more attention? +-jasI0yZT_g-00240-00064154-00064542 DR. GON: Wow, you know, we have hundreds of birds. +-jasI0yZT_g-00241-00064542-00064830 We have thousands of native invertebrates. +-jasI0yZT_g-00242-00064830-00065178 And it seems that the megafauna worldwide +-jasI0yZT_g-00243-00065178-00065516 are the ones they get most of the attention-- the pandas +-jasI0yZT_g-00244-00065516-00065875 and the tigers and bright colored tropical birds. +-jasI0yZT_g-00245-00065875-00066565 But in Hawaii, the invertebrates have long been neglected. +-jasI0yZT_g-00246-00066565-00066739 And one of my favorite invertebrates-- +-jasI0yZT_g-00247-00066739-00066973 in fact, the one that earned me my PhD-- +-jasI0yZT_g-00248-00066973-00067192 is the Hawaiian happy-face spider. +-jasI0yZT_g-00249-00067192-00067511 And that spider, if you can imagine a small transparent +-jasI0yZT_g-00250-00067511-00067728 yellow spider with a clown's face +-jasI0yZT_g-00251-00067728-00068039 on its back living quietly under leaves, +-jasI0yZT_g-00252-00068039-00068530 it is one of those canaries in the coal mine, if you will. +-jasI0yZT_g-00253-00068530-00068711 If those spiders are doing well, then we +-jasI0yZT_g-00254-00068711-00069000 know that the forest ecosystem that they exist in +-jasI0yZT_g-00255-00069000-00069089 are doing well. +-jasI0yZT_g-00256-00069089-00069429 So paying attention to the small denizens +-jasI0yZT_g-00257-00069429-00069824 of our endemic ecosystems is one way +-jasI0yZT_g-00258-00069824-00070057 to make sure that the entire ecosystem is functioning. +-jasI0yZT_g-00259-00070057-00070199 DIRECTOR CLEARY: That's wonderful. +-jasI0yZT_g-00260-00070199-00070541 Amanda, do you have an answer to the one species you think +-jasI0yZT_g-00261-00070541-00070687 needs more attention? +-jasI0yZT_g-00262-00070687-00070840 ASSISTANT DIRECTOR MCCARTY: I'm going to go small, too. +-jasI0yZT_g-00263-00070840-00070961 I'm an invertebrate person. +-jasI0yZT_g-00264-00070961-00071161 And so I'm going to go with the terrapod. +-jasI0yZT_g-00265-00071161-00071436 It's a very, very small, tiny organism. +-jasI0yZT_g-00266-00071436-00071611 Usually you look at it under a microscope. +-jasI0yZT_g-00267-00071611-00071894 And it sort of looks like a sea butterfly. +-jasI0yZT_g-00268-00071894-00072110 And what's great about these terrapods +-jasI0yZT_g-00269-00072110-00072346 are that they are the base of the food chain. +-jasI0yZT_g-00270-00072346-00072668 And so many other things eat them, which then are eaten. +-jasI0yZT_g-00271-00072668-00072894 And so a lot of the ocean depends +-jasI0yZT_g-00272-00072894-00073048 on things like the terrapod. +-jasI0yZT_g-00273-00073048-00073315 And the reason that I think it's important to pay more attention +-jasI0yZT_g-00274-00073315-00073552 to them is because they are being impacted greatly +-jasI0yZT_g-00275-00073552-00073712 by ocean acidification. +-jasI0yZT_g-00276-00073712-00073989 So as the climate is changing and the oceans +-jasI0yZT_g-00277-00073989-00074346 are becoming more acidic, the shells of these terrapods +-jasI0yZT_g-00278-00074346-00074544 are not forming as firmly. +-jasI0yZT_g-00279-00074544-00074758 And so they're not surviving as much. +-jasI0yZT_g-00280-00074758-00075102 And organisms like this that are the basis of the food +-jasI0yZT_g-00281-00075102-00075495 chains of the ocean are starting to have a hard time surviving. +-jasI0yZT_g-00282-00075495-00075752 So I say pay attention to the terrapod. +-jasI0yZT_g-00283-00075752-00076004 DIRECTOR CLEARY: [INAUDIBLE] That's wonderful. +-jasI0yZT_g-00284-00076004-00076314 Do you think we could-- we talked a lot about the problems +-jasI0yZT_g-00285-00076314-00076374 so far. +-jasI0yZT_g-00286-00076374-00076554 Maybe we could talk a little bit about some +-jasI0yZT_g-00287-00076554-00076657 of the success stories. +-jasI0yZT_g-00288-00076657-00076925 Oftentimes when we talk about these problems, +-jasI0yZT_g-00289-00076925-00077104 we know the threats are out there. +-jasI0yZT_g-00290-00077104-00077331 But we don't communicate enough about some +-jasI0yZT_g-00291-00077331-00077656 of the things that are actually working. +-jasI0yZT_g-00292-00077656-00078055 Would you have anything to share with us, Dr. Gon, +-jasI0yZT_g-00293-00078055-00078464 success stories about restoring or protecting nature? +-jasI0yZT_g-00294-00078464-00078602 DR. GON: Well, I think what comes +-jasI0yZT_g-00295-00078602-00078940 to mind is the fact that lately in the ecology, +-jasI0yZT_g-00296-00078940-00079380 you recognize that small, preserves, small preserved +-jasI0yZT_g-00297-00079380-00079724 areas, say a small sanctuary around a single endangered +-jasI0yZT_g-00298-00079724-00080025 plant, that's not likely to be successful in the long run. +-jasI0yZT_g-00299-00080025-00080260 You need landscape-scale conservation. +-jasI0yZT_g-00300-00080260-00080469 And so in Hawaii, and here we are +-jasI0yZT_g-00301-00080469-00080649 talking about the 100th anniversary +-jasI0yZT_g-00302-00080649-00080922 of the national park system in the United States. +-jasI0yZT_g-00303-00080922-00081241 And one of the first national parks established in Hawaii +-jasI0yZT_g-00304-00081241-00081442 was Hawaii Volcanoes National Park. +-jasI0yZT_g-00305-00081442-00081717 Hawaii Volcanoes National Park, as it turns out, +-jasI0yZT_g-00306-00081717-00082175 is part of a large landscape conservation partnership +-jasI0yZT_g-00307-00082175-00082607 between federal, state, and private land owners +-jasI0yZT_g-00308-00082607-00083245 and managers that together actually manage nearly half +-jasI0yZT_g-00309-00083245-00083354 of the island of Hawaii. +-jasI0yZT_g-00310-00083354-00083606 And the same is true on all of the major islands here. +-jasI0yZT_g-00311-00083606-00083947 And it's an important success story, +-jasI0yZT_g-00312-00083947-00084407 the fact that cooperation between public and private +-jasI0yZT_g-00313-00084407-00084935 landowners and managers allows us to manage ecosystems +-jasI0yZT_g-00314-00084935-00085328 and species, ignoring land ownership boundaries, +-jasI0yZT_g-00315-00085328-00085671 and focusing on the threats and the ecological processes that +-jasI0yZT_g-00316-00085671-00085850 need to be maintained. +-jasI0yZT_g-00317-00085850-00086202 And that breakthrough in partnership in conservation +-jasI0yZT_g-00318-00086202-00086398 is one of the major success stories +-jasI0yZT_g-00319-00086398-00086498 in the Hawaiian islands. +-jasI0yZT_g-00320-00086498-00086648 DIRECTOR CLEARY: That's a great one. +-jasI0yZT_g-00321-00086648-00086874 I know, Amanda, you know, we're here in Washington. +-jasI0yZT_g-00322-00086874-00087194 We're preparing for a big international event. +-jasI0yZT_g-00323-00087194-00087401 It's called the Our Ocean Conference. +-jasI0yZT_g-00324-00087401-00087585 It's hosted this year in Washington +-jasI0yZT_g-00325-00087585-00087835 by Secretary John Kerry. +-jasI0yZT_g-00326-00087835-00088167 And one of the themes of this conference +-jasI0yZT_g-00327-00088167-00088463 is it's a commitment-driven event. +-jasI0yZT_g-00328-00088463-00088675 In the two years of its existence, +-jasI0yZT_g-00329-00088675-00089012 we've already had $4 billion of new commitments +-jasI0yZT_g-00330-00089012-00089640 and six million kilometers of new marine protected areas. +-jasI0yZT_g-00331-00089640-00089926 And so talking about marine protected areas +-jasI0yZT_g-00332-00089926-00090239 is something that's very much on the agenda in Washington +-jasI0yZT_g-00333-00090239-00090665 in September and the importance of marine protected areas. +-jasI0yZT_g-00334-00090665-00091017 Can you talk a little bit about that strategy +-jasI0yZT_g-00335-00091017-00091250 as a sort of successful strategy? +-jasI0yZT_g-00336-00091250-00091569 Do these things, do these marine protected areas +-jasI0yZT_g-00337-00091569-00091705 really make a difference? +-jasI0yZT_g-00338-00091705-00091901 ASSISTANT DIRECTOR MCCARTY: We believe they do. +-jasI0yZT_g-00339-00091901-00092155 A lot of science has demonstrated that they do. +-jasI0yZT_g-00340-00092155-00092340 What marine protected areas do is +-jasI0yZT_g-00341-00092340-00092683 they focus on different areas of the ocean +-jasI0yZT_g-00342-00092683-00093083 where organisms have a habitat that +-jasI0yZT_g-00343-00093083-00093221 is important for their protection +-jasI0yZT_g-00344-00093221-00093565 or for different phases of their life cycles. +-jasI0yZT_g-00345-00093565-00093792 These can be breeding grounds for, example. +-jasI0yZT_g-00346-00093792-00094028 So it's a space where animals can go to breed. +-jasI0yZT_g-00347-00094028-00094326 And then there's spill over to the local areas. +-jasI0yZT_g-00348-00094326-00094714 So you don't fish here, but you get a lot more fish outside. +-jasI0yZT_g-00349-00094714-00095163 So we've looked at them from a lot of different perspectives. +-jasI0yZT_g-00350-00095163-00095400 Another thing to think about with these place-based +-jasI0yZT_g-00351-00095400-00095590 protected areas is they can be an area where +-jasI0yZT_g-00352-00095590-00095890 we can educate the public, where we can bring them out +-jasI0yZT_g-00353-00095890-00096045 to see the beauty that is the ocean. +-jasI0yZT_g-00354-00096045-00096367 Sometimes it can be hard to know what the ocean looks like. +-jasI0yZT_g-00355-00096367-00096476 It seems so far away. +-jasI0yZT_g-00356-00096476-00096719 But these provide us beautiful places +-jasI0yZT_g-00357-00096719-00096975 that we can bring communities to show them +-jasI0yZT_g-00358-00096975-00097185 how the ocean impacts them. +-jasI0yZT_g-00359-00097185-00097359 So they protect cultural resources. +-jasI0yZT_g-00360-00097359-00097447 It can be shipwrecks. +-jasI0yZT_g-00361-00097447-00097742 It can be places that are important to native cultures. +-jasI0yZT_g-00362-00097742-00098027 Or it can be resources like fish that we +-jasI0yZT_g-00363-00098027-00098226 want to eat or coral reefs. +-jasI0yZT_g-00364-00098226-00098464 We have protected areas all throughout the United States. +-jasI0yZT_g-00365-00098464-00098609 And they're all over the world. +-jasI0yZT_g-00366-00098609-00098965 And we believe that they allow us to appreciate the oceans +-jasI0yZT_g-00367-00098965-00099339 and to sustain them for generations to come. +-jasI0yZT_g-00368-00099339-00099463 DIRECTOR CLEARY: Thanks. +-jasI0yZT_g-00369-00099463-00099695 It looks now like our viewing group in Samoa +-jasI0yZT_g-00370-00099695-00099907 has another question for us. +-jasI0yZT_g-00371-00099907-00099962 AUDIENCE: Hi. +-jasI0yZT_g-00372-00099962-00100077 My name is [INAUDIBLE]. +-jasI0yZT_g-00373-00100077-00100403 I'm from the Samoan Voyaging Society. +-jasI0yZT_g-00374-00100403-00100760 My question is a general question to everyone. +-jasI0yZT_g-00375-00100760-00101141 It's we've been talking a lot about engaging community. +-jasI0yZT_g-00376-00101141-00101435 So do you have some sort of best practices +-jasI0yZT_g-00377-00101435-00101887 or case studies of showing how to bring communities +-jasI0yZT_g-00378-00101887-00102314 or how to engage communities into biodiversity programs? +-jasI0yZT_g-00379-00102314-00102558 And the context of asking this question +-jasI0yZT_g-00380-00102558-00102759 is when through our voyaging work, +-jasI0yZT_g-00381-00102759-00102981 we try to engage communities. +-jasI0yZT_g-00382-00102981-00103479 We often hit the wall of individual and local interest +-jasI0yZT_g-00383-00103479-00103702 versus environmental interests. +-jasI0yZT_g-00384-00103702-00103852 With the development coming through, +-jasI0yZT_g-00385-00103852-00104175 people want to get into more like new development things +-jasI0yZT_g-00386-00104175-00104613 using technology, using fossil fuel, everything else. +-jasI0yZT_g-00387-00104613-00104933 But then it's just difficult to engage communities at times. +-jasI0yZT_g-00388-00104933-00105263 So do you have suggestions, best practices, +-jasI0yZT_g-00389-00105263-00105842 your experiences around how to go about engaging communities? +-jasI0yZT_g-00390-00105842-00105921 Thank you. +-jasI0yZT_g-00391-00105921-00106113 DIRECTOR CLEARY: Boy, that's a great question. +-jasI0yZT_g-00392-00106113-00106403 Dr. Gon, do you have an answer to that? +-jasI0yZT_g-00393-00106403-00106847 Do you see that dichotomy between people's desire +-jasI0yZT_g-00394-00106847-00107280 for more economic activity and preservation? +-jasI0yZT_g-00395-00107280-00107451 DR. GON: Well, you know, in Hawaii, we've +-jasI0yZT_g-00396-00107451-00107744 had decades now since statehood and rapidly +-jasI0yZT_g-00397-00107744-00108461 growing both technologies and conveniences. +-jasI0yZT_g-00398-00108461-00108629 And it's gotten to the point where, +-jasI0yZT_g-00399-00108629-00109034 at least on the island of Oahu where 85% of the people live, +-jasI0yZT_g-00400-00109034-00109310 a lot of the marine resources in particular +-jasI0yZT_g-00401-00109310-00109624 have been depleted heavily. +-jasI0yZT_g-00402-00109624-00109978 Recognizing that different communities on other islands +-jasI0yZT_g-00403-00109978-00110427 where the situation has not yet gotten quite so bad +-jasI0yZT_g-00404-00110427-00110813 have put together community the resources, +-jasI0yZT_g-00405-00110813-00111048 most of the knowledgeable people who +-jasI0yZT_g-00406-00111048-00111373 have been fishing these waters for generations +-jasI0yZT_g-00407-00111373-00111815 and know the sensitivities, the seasons, +-jasI0yZT_g-00408-00111815-00112413 the reproductive cycles of the area, of the fish of the area, +-jasI0yZT_g-00409-00112413-00112821 and know how to best manage them over the course of the year. +-jasI0yZT_g-00410-00112821-00113274 And so there is now a movement of collaborative community +-jasI0yZT_g-00411-00113274-00113789 conservation in which working with the state of Hawaii's +-jasI0yZT_g-00412-00113789-00114083 Office of Conservation and the board of land +-jasI0yZT_g-00413-00114083-00114394 and natural resources, they are able to create +-jasI0yZT_g-00414-00114394-00114791 special rules that apply only to the waters that +-jasI0yZT_g-00415-00114791-00115033 are relevant to those communities +-jasI0yZT_g-00416-00115033-00115402 and allows them to work in conjunction with the state +-jasI0yZT_g-00417-00115402-00115698 of Hawaii to establish special rules +-jasI0yZT_g-00418-00115698-00116078 for the specific resources that are in place there. +-jasI0yZT_g-00419-00116078-00116633 The model was just created only about a year ago. +-jasI0yZT_g-00420-00116633-00116967 The very first community collaborative conservation +-jasI0yZT_g-00421-00116967-00117358 effort is to be found on the island of Kauai Ha'ena. +-jasI0yZT_g-00422-00117358-00117503 And if you wanted to Google that, +-jasI0yZT_g-00423-00117503-00117641 you could learn a little bit more +-jasI0yZT_g-00424-00117641-00117838 about that particular effort. +-jasI0yZT_g-00425-00117838-00118363 It was just followed a similar effort +-jasI0yZT_g-00426-00118363-00118779 by the communities on the island of Hawaii on the Kona coast, +-jasI0yZT_g-00427-00118779-00119117 where they have established a series of rules +-jasI0yZT_g-00428-00119117-00119455 for their stretch of marine resources. +-jasI0yZT_g-00429-00119455-00119638 So that kind of movement is occurring, +-jasI0yZT_g-00430-00119638-00119848 at least on the marine side of things. +-jasI0yZT_g-00431-00119848-00120106 The terrestrial side of things is a little bit more +-jasI0yZT_g-00432-00120106-00120431 difficult to manage in that respect. +-jasI0yZT_g-00433-00120431-00120648 DIRECTOR CLEARY: Amanda, I think you must have a lot +-jasI0yZT_g-00434-00120648-00120760 to say on this one as well. +-jasI0yZT_g-00435-00120760-00120993 ASSISTANT DIRECTOR MCCARTY: The program that I work for, +-jasI0yZT_g-00436-00120993-00121235 Sea Grant, is a locally-based program. +-jasI0yZT_g-00437-00121235-00121571 And so we believe we live here. +-jasI0yZT_g-00438-00121571-00121635 We work here. +-jasI0yZT_g-00439-00121635-00121757 We play here. +-jasI0yZT_g-00440-00121757-00121923 Our problems are your problems. +-jasI0yZT_g-00441-00121923-00122193 And so one of the things that's great about our program-- +-jasI0yZT_g-00442-00122193-00122438 our Sea Grant Association president +-jasI0yZT_g-00443-00122438-00122700 is the one who that's kind of his tagline of how +-jasI0yZT_g-00444-00122700-00122818 we present ourselves. +-jasI0yZT_g-00445-00122818-00123315 And so what Sea Grant does is it has 200 academic institutions, +-jasI0yZT_g-00446-00123315-00123792 1,000 state, local, and regional partners, and 350 extension +-jasI0yZT_g-00447-00123792-00124017 agents who are living and working in these communities +-jasI0yZT_g-00448-00124017-00124202 so that it's not a tension between what +-jasI0yZT_g-00449-00124202-00124486 the local community wants and what our program does. +-jasI0yZT_g-00450-00124486-00124688 Our program is that local community, +-jasI0yZT_g-00451-00124688-00124831 that local connection. +-jasI0yZT_g-00452-00124831-00125164 And so I think that going to where your community is, +-jasI0yZT_g-00453-00125164-00125422 speaking of best practices, it's knowing your community. +-jasI0yZT_g-00454-00125422-00125592 It's knowing what that community needs +-jasI0yZT_g-00455-00125592-00125797 and then showing how biodiversity, +-jasI0yZT_g-00456-00125797-00126136 how ecosystem resilience, how human resilience, +-jasI0yZT_g-00457-00126136-00126273 are all interconnected. +-jasI0yZT_g-00458-00126273-00126583 And when you're there and you're part of that community, +-jasI0yZT_g-00459-00126583-00126670 you can see that. +-jasI0yZT_g-00460-00126670-00126815 And you can make those connections. +-jasI0yZT_g-00461-00126815-00126981 And you're a trusted person to do that. +-jasI0yZT_g-00462-00126981-00127135 So I think some of the best practices +-jasI0yZT_g-00463-00127135-00127424 are really knowing what the local community wants +-jasI0yZT_g-00464-00127424-00127868 and showing how biodiversity can contribute to that. +-jasI0yZT_g-00465-00127868-00128077 DIRECTOR CLEARY: Let's go now to Papua New Guinea. +-jasI0yZT_g-00466-00128077-00128315 And we're going to get a question from their audience +-jasI0yZT_g-00467-00128315-00128400 there. +-jasI0yZT_g-00468-00128400-00128701 AUDIENCE: What kind of solid action items +-jasI0yZT_g-00469-00128701-00129093 can we expect from next week's conference? +-jasI0yZT_g-00470-00129093-00129377 DIRECTOR CLEARY: I think I might ask Dr. Gon to take a-- +-jasI0yZT_g-00471-00129377-00129519 [LAUGHTER] +-jasI0yZT_g-00472-00129519-00129744 I think I might ask him a little bit about what you're +-jasI0yZT_g-00473-00129744-00129976 looking at from the IUCN conference +-jasI0yZT_g-00474-00129976-00130529 and what you would like to see at this huge gathering +-jasI0yZT_g-00475-00130529-00130583 accomplished? +-jasI0yZT_g-00476-00130833-00131090 DR. GON: Well, in these congresses, +-jasI0yZT_g-00477-00131090-00131377 there are always numerous opportunities +-jasI0yZT_g-00478-00131377-00131910 to propose motions for the entire international +-jasI0yZT_g-00479-00131910-00132223 conservation body, among those motions +-jasI0yZT_g-00480-00132223-00132456 are ones that deal with marine debris, +-jasI0yZT_g-00481-00132456-00132672 with adaptation to climate change, +-jasI0yZT_g-00482-00132672-00132934 with increased biosecurity to prevent +-jasI0yZT_g-00483-00132934-00133276 the spread of non-native species from one region of the globe +-jasI0yZT_g-00484-00133276-00133415 to another. +-jasI0yZT_g-00485-00133415-00133592 There are all kinds of commitments +-jasI0yZT_g-00486-00133592-00134046 that are made on the part of leadership +-jasI0yZT_g-00487-00134046-00134218 of various countries. +-jasI0yZT_g-00488-00134218-00134498 In Hawaii, for example, we're putting together +-jasI0yZT_g-00489-00134498-00134792 a biosecurity plan that will greatly +-jasI0yZT_g-00490-00134792-00135050 enhance the protection of our borders +-jasI0yZT_g-00491-00135050-00135307 from unwanted pests-- for example, +-jasI0yZT_g-00492-00135307-00135569 tree snakes from Guam-- that would, +-jasI0yZT_g-00493-00135569-00135824 they could if the established in Hawaii, +-jasI0yZT_g-00494-00135824-00136141 completely destroy our bird life. +-jasI0yZT_g-00495-00136141-00136439 So there are all kinds of commitments and ways +-jasI0yZT_g-00496-00136439-00136914 to amplify and catalyze important conservation change. +-jasI0yZT_g-00497-00136914-00137126 And maybe one of the most important aspects +-jasI0yZT_g-00498-00137126-00137386 of a congress of this sort is the ability +-jasI0yZT_g-00499-00137386-00137801 to share stories, successes, lessons learned, +-jasI0yZT_g-00500-00137801-00137944 in different parts of the world. +-jasI0yZT_g-00501-00137944-00138226 Because even though our ecosystems might be different, +-jasI0yZT_g-00502-00138226-00138426 our cultural backgrounds might be different, +-jasI0yZT_g-00503-00138426-00138716 the conservation challenges, at the heart of it, +-jasI0yZT_g-00504-00138716-00139057 are going to be shared. +-jasI0yZT_g-00505-00139057-00139206 DIRECTOR CLEARY: Yeah, I mean, it's +-jasI0yZT_g-00506-00139206-00139566 very much, from a Washington perspective, a very important +-jasI0yZT_g-00507-00139566-00139656 moment. +-jasI0yZT_g-00508-00139656-00140233 And it happens during a very busy and important season +-jasI0yZT_g-00509-00140233-00140394 for conservation efforts. +-jasI0yZT_g-00510-00140394-00140721 So we'll be going from IUCN to the Oceans Conference +-jasI0yZT_g-00511-00140721-00141059 in Washington, [INAUDIBLE] and [INAUDIBLE], just a very +-jasI0yZT_g-00512-00141059-00141505 impactful sort of six weeks in which so many leaders can come +-jasI0yZT_g-00513-00141505-00141866 together to discuss, really before they go into more +-jasI0yZT_g-00514-00141866-00142506 formal settings, issues like an ivory ban, you know, +-jasI0yZT_g-00515-00142506-00142825 concentrating on particular species like pangolins, +-jasI0yZT_g-00516-00142825-00143142 or looking on what we can do on wildlife trafficking. +-jasI0yZT_g-00517-00143142-00143506 So I know that that importance of just gathering people +-jasI0yZT_g-00518-00143506-00144127 together to trade stories and research. +-jasI0yZT_g-00519-00144127-00144478 But Amanda, what about yourself? +-jasI0yZT_g-00520-00144478-00144735 What do you think a big international gathering +-jasI0yZT_g-00521-00144735-00145194 like IUCN can produce for the issue of conservation +-jasI0yZT_g-00522-00145194-00145328 and the oceans? +-jasI0yZT_g-00523-00145328-00145512 ASSISTANT DIRECTOR MCCARTY: I think any time +-jasI0yZT_g-00524-00145512-00145723 we can raise attention to these issues +-jasI0yZT_g-00525-00145723-00146126 and bring people's focus to them and show that there's a need +-jasI0yZT_g-00526-00146126-00146321 but also that there are solutions, +-jasI0yZT_g-00527-00146321-00146537 to me, that's motivating. +-jasI0yZT_g-00528-00146537-00146776 If we just go in and focus on the problems, +-jasI0yZT_g-00529-00146776-00146980 it can deflate people's energy. +-jasI0yZT_g-00530-00146980-00147184 But I think what we find when we come together +-jasI0yZT_g-00531-00147184-00147424 as a world is that there are so many solutions +-jasI0yZT_g-00532-00147424-00147502 to these problems. +-jasI0yZT_g-00533-00147502-00147916 And I think a focus on that would be fantastic. +-jasI0yZT_g-00534-00147916-00148052 And I think that will happen. +-jasI0yZT_g-00535-00148052-00148286 DIRECTOR CLEARY: People say it's a very inspiring event, +-jasI0yZT_g-00536-00148286-00148557 because you've got so many people really +-jasI0yZT_g-00537-00148557-00149166 taking action and raising the alarms in some areas, +-jasI0yZT_g-00538-00149166-00149448 but also pointing to solutions on the other. +-jasI0yZT_g-00539-00149448-00149619 It looks like we have some more questions +-jasI0yZT_g-00540-00149619-00149853 from viewers participating in this program on Facebook. +-jasI0yZT_g-00541-00149853-00150182 So around the world, we're seeing increased awareness +-jasI0yZT_g-00542-00150182-00150586 of the tension between economic development and conservation. +-jasI0yZT_g-00543-00150586-00150898 How can we balance these competing interests? +-jasI0yZT_g-00544-00150898-00151056 And what role do local communities +-jasI0yZT_g-00545-00151056-00151496 play in protecting sacred or special places? +-jasI0yZT_g-00546-00151496-00151700 That's a great question. +-jasI0yZT_g-00547-00151700-00151991 Dr. Gon? +-jasI0yZT_g-00548-00151991-00152196 DR. GON: Well, I think that certainly +-jasI0yZT_g-00549-00152196-00152536 the idea of the relationship between people +-jasI0yZT_g-00550-00152536-00152866 and special places is one of those things that +-jasI0yZT_g-00551-00152866-00153230 allowed those places to maintain their pristine +-jasI0yZT_g-00552-00153230-00153620 or their relatively undisturbed state. +-jasI0yZT_g-00553-00153620-00153987 And so when you look at those relationships +-jasI0yZT_g-00554-00153987-00154415 and you capitalize on what it is about the relationship +-jasI0yZT_g-00555-00154415-00154968 between people and place and are able to articulate that well, +-jasI0yZT_g-00556-00154968-00155237 then you are able to appreciate something +-jasI0yZT_g-00557-00155237-00155618 that is the basis for long-term sustainability of resources +-jasI0yZT_g-00558-00155618-00155737 in an area. +-jasI0yZT_g-00559-00155737-00156237 And that is, indeed, one of the roles that community can play, +-jasI0yZT_g-00560-00156237-00156732 is to voice the importance of the places in which they live, +-jasI0yZT_g-00561-00156732-00157037 in which generations of people have lived +-jasI0yZT_g-00562-00157037-00157621 and to point out the contrast between +-jasI0yZT_g-00563-00157621-00157947 the sustainable reciprocal relationships of people +-jasI0yZT_g-00564-00157947-00158275 to place versus the commodification of land +-jasI0yZT_g-00565-00158275-00158963 and nature, which is maybe primary growing relationship +-jasI0yZT_g-00566-00158963-00159131 that occurs on this planet. +-jasI0yZT_g-00567-00159131-00159464 But the question is, is that a sustainable one? +-jasI0yZT_g-00568-00159464-00159661 DIRECTOR CLEARY: So sustainability +-jasI0yZT_g-00569-00159661-00160027 is sort of this key word. +-jasI0yZT_g-00570-00160027-00160347 I mean, when you're looking at these issues, +-jasI0yZT_g-00571-00160347-00160798 how do you have the conversation about sustainable +-jasI0yZT_g-00572-00160798-00161020 use of natural resources when you're talking +-jasI0yZT_g-00573-00161020-00161227 about fragile ecosystems? +-jasI0yZT_g-00574-00161227-00161407 ASSISTANT DIRECTOR MCCARTY: A lot of times, +-jasI0yZT_g-00575-00161407-00161836 I think it starts with having people's vision of what they +-jasI0yZT_g-00576-00161836-00162220 want to see five, 10, 15, 50 years down the road +-jasI0yZT_g-00577-00162220-00162525 and then working back from there, saying this beach, +-jasI0yZT_g-00578-00162525-00162747 this place is special to you. +-jasI0yZT_g-00579-00162747-00163003 This park is special to you. +-jasI0yZT_g-00580-00163003-00163219 And there are some threats on it. +-jasI0yZT_g-00581-00163219-00163484 And we need to take those into account and work +-jasI0yZT_g-00582-00163484-00163806 backwards so that we can get from today to where you want +-jasI0yZT_g-00583-00163806-00164072 to be 50 years from now so that you can be pushing +-jasI0yZT_g-00584-00164072-00164238 your kid on the swing in this park +-jasI0yZT_g-00585-00164238-00164402 or you can be walking along the beach +-jasI0yZT_g-00586-00164402-00164740 with your child or your grandchild someday. +-jasI0yZT_g-00587-00164740-00165084 And I think that emotional hook is usually what gets people. +-jasI0yZT_g-00588-00165084-00165394 And then you can go to the details of here are the facts +-jasI0yZT_g-00589-00165394-00165602 and here's how we need to work together +-jasI0yZT_g-00590-00165602-00165847 to make sure that your vision and what we +-jasI0yZT_g-00591-00165847-00166033 share in common can come true. +-jasI0yZT_g-00592-00166033-00166350 But I think a lot of times, it starts with a shared vision. +-jasI0yZT_g-00593-00166350-00166563 DIRECTOR CLEARY: And do you think that-- how do you +-jasI0yZT_g-00594-00166563-00166801 get to that point in a conversation +-jasI0yZT_g-00595-00166801-00167332 where you can get beyond that idea of protection +-jasI0yZT_g-00596-00167332-00167719 of natural places and economic developments? +-jasI0yZT_g-00597-00167719-00167890 How do you have that? +-jasI0yZT_g-00598-00167890-00168134 Because I think that's the second or third question +-jasI0yZT_g-00599-00168134-00168391 about that balance. +-jasI0yZT_g-00600-00168391-00168646 ASSISTANT DIRECTOR MCCARTY: It can be hard, because sometimes +-jasI0yZT_g-00601-00168646-00168762 it's different groups, right? +-jasI0yZT_g-00602-00168762-00168899 It's not one person who's looking +-jasI0yZT_g-00603-00168899-00169113 at sustainable resource development +-jasI0yZT_g-00604-00169113-00169328 versus economic development. +-jasI0yZT_g-00605-00169328-00169522 And so it's bringing people together. +-jasI0yZT_g-00606-00169522-00169729 It's having difficult conversations. +-jasI0yZT_g-00607-00169729-00169959 It's facilitating dialogue between people +-jasI0yZT_g-00608-00169959-00170175 who want to use the same resource on different time +-jasI0yZT_g-00609-00170175-00170456 scales or who want to get rid of a resource, +-jasI0yZT_g-00610-00170456-00170641 so they can put another one in place. +-jasI0yZT_g-00611-00170641-00170968 So a lot of times, it starts with bringing different people +-jasI0yZT_g-00612-00170968-00171136 together who want different things +-jasI0yZT_g-00613-00171136-00171356 but then finding commonalities and trying +-jasI0yZT_g-00614-00171356-00171851 to collaborate when you can and compromise when you need to +-jasI0yZT_g-00615-00171851-00172288 and figuring out what that long-term vision is +-jasI0yZT_g-00616-00172288-00172459 and how you can work towards it together. +-jasI0yZT_g-00617-00172459-00172737 And sometimes, it's different paths that you want to take. +-jasI0yZT_g-00618-00172737-00172922 And you have to just decide. +-jasI0yZT_g-00619-00172922-00173091 And that goes outside of you. +-jasI0yZT_g-00620-00173091-00173462 So it's better to collaborate and do it together. +-jasI0yZT_g-00621-00173462-00173575 DIRECTOR CLEARY: Thank you. +-jasI0yZT_g-00622-00173575-00173725 That's really interesting. +-jasI0yZT_g-00623-00173725-00173992 Dr. Gon, what do you think, if you were going to just, say, +-jasI0yZT_g-00624-00173992-00174276 have one key piece of advice for people +-jasI0yZT_g-00625-00174276-00174469 who are looking to get more involved +-jasI0yZT_g-00626-00174469-00174926 in local conservation efforts, what would your piece of advice +-jasI0yZT_g-00627-00174926-00175124 be? +-jasI0yZT_g-00628-00175124-00175393 DR. GON: I think my advice would be to learn all you can +-jasI0yZT_g-00629-00175393-00175657 about the particular place that you're in. +-jasI0yZT_g-00630-00175657-00175824 It doesn't have to be Hawaii, of course. +-jasI0yZT_g-00631-00175824-00175996 My examples are all from Hawaii. +-jasI0yZT_g-00632-00175996-00176356 But anywhere you go in the world, +-jasI0yZT_g-00633-00176356-00176718 there will unique biodiversity, unique ecosystems, +-jasI0yZT_g-00634-00176718-00177088 each of which have their special roles to play. +-jasI0yZT_g-00635-00177088-00177610 In Hawaii, as an island archipelago +-jasI0yZT_g-00636-00177610-00177914 with limited terrestrial, freshwater, and indeed +-jasI0yZT_g-00637-00177914-00178143 even marine resources, it becomes +-jasI0yZT_g-00638-00178143-00178456 really important to view your ecosystems +-jasI0yZT_g-00639-00178456-00178883 as the basis for the future of human life, +-jasI0yZT_g-00640-00178883-00179092 as well as all life on that island. +-jasI0yZT_g-00641-00179092-00179622 And so unless you're looking at human resources in that way, +-jasI0yZT_g-00642-00179622-00179831 conservation really doesn't have a chance. +-jasI0yZT_g-00643-00179831-00180205 But the moment the people recognize +-jasI0yZT_g-00644-00180205-00180519 that the lands and waters that they live on +-jasI0yZT_g-00645-00180519-00180707 are the basis for their well-being +-jasI0yZT_g-00646-00180707-00180946 and the well-being of their children, +-jasI0yZT_g-00647-00180946-00181110 grandchildren, great grandchildren, +-jasI0yZT_g-00648-00181110-00181574 on into thousands of years down the line, then +-jasI0yZT_g-00649-00181574-00181763 we have the basis for sustainable futures. +-jasI0yZT_g-00650-00181995-00182145 DIRECTOR CLEARY: Amanda, do you have +-jasI0yZT_g-00651-00182145-00182357 advice for people who want to get involved locally +-jasI0yZT_g-00652-00182357-00182505 in conservation issues? +-jasI0yZT_g-00653-00182505-00182793 And what's a first step people can take? +-jasI0yZT_g-00654-00182793-00183048 ASSISTANT DIRECTOR MCCARTY: I would say don't be intimidated. +-jasI0yZT_g-00655-00183048-00183292 Just do something. +-jasI0yZT_g-00656-00183292-00183494 My niece called me the other day. +-jasI0yZT_g-00657-00183494-00183755 She lives in Minnesota, which is about as far from the ocean +-jasI0yZT_g-00658-00183755-00183818 as you can get. +-jasI0yZT_g-00659-00183818-00184038 And she said, I heard about the oceans. +-jasI0yZT_g-00660-00184038-00184141 I want to do something. +-jasI0yZT_g-00661-00184141-00184332 So I had a sign up sheet in front +-jasI0yZT_g-00662-00184332-00184441 of the principal's office. +-jasI0yZT_g-00663-00184441-00184631 And I raised $37. +-jasI0yZT_g-00664-00184631-00184736 What can I do with it? +-jasI0yZT_g-00665-00184736-00185065 You know, if my niece can do that, anybody can do something. +-jasI0yZT_g-00666-00185065-00185264 So just start somewhere. +-jasI0yZT_g-00667-00185264-00185344 Do something. +-jasI0yZT_g-00668-00185344-00185670 Find an organization that you can contribute to, +-jasI0yZT_g-00669-00185670-00185851 but don't be intimidated. +-jasI0yZT_g-00670-00185851-00185936 There's such a need. +-jasI0yZT_g-00671-00185936-00186235 And your energy and enthusiasm is needed. +-jasI0yZT_g-00672-00186235-00186360 DIRECTOR CLEARY: That's great. +-jasI0yZT_g-00673-00186360-00186622 So we're going back to the Facebook page. +-jasI0yZT_g-00674-00186622-00186899 And we have really an excellent question. +-jasI0yZT_g-00675-00186899-00187190 And that is, when we say biodiversity, +-jasI0yZT_g-00676-00187190-00187342 I mean, what do we mean? +-jasI0yZT_g-00677-00187342-00187448 What does that word mean? +-jasI0yZT_g-00678-00187448-00187520 It's a big word. +-jasI0yZT_g-00679-00187520-00187633 We use it a lot. +-jasI0yZT_g-00680-00187633-00188070 And why is it important that we protect it? +-jasI0yZT_g-00681-00188070-00188225 DR. GON: I mean, biological diversity +-jasI0yZT_g-00682-00188225-00188516 is essentially the totality of all of the living things that +-jasI0yZT_g-00683-00188516-00188644 are in a place. +-jasI0yZT_g-00684-00188644-00188876 You can talk about the biodiversity of the planet. +-jasI0yZT_g-00685-00188876-00189128 You can talk about biodiversity of a continent. +-jasI0yZT_g-00686-00189128-00189625 You can talk about biodiversity of a region of the globe. +-jasI0yZT_g-00687-00189625-00190091 And Hawaii, as its own biogeographic province, +-jasI0yZT_g-00688-00190091-00190431 is unique in that regard, in which, for example, 90 +-jasI0yZT_g-00689-00190431-00190789 plus percent of the plants and animals that you find +-jasI0yZT_g-00690-00190789-00191024 in the Hawaiian Islands above sea level +-jasI0yZT_g-00691-00191024-00191326 are going to be found nowhere else on Earth. +-jasI0yZT_g-00692-00191326-00191632 So that means that the unique aspects +-jasI0yZT_g-00693-00191632-00191840 of its biological diversity-- that +-jasI0yZT_g-00694-00191840-00192230 is all of the plants and the animals that live there-- it +-jasI0yZT_g-00695-00192230-00192412 gets irreplaceable. +-jasI0yZT_g-00696-00192412-00192747 You cannot go anywhere else on Earth and find the same suite +-jasI0yZT_g-00697-00192747-00192993 of plants and animals that live there. +-jasI0yZT_g-00698-00192993-00193289 The same is true of anywhere else on the planet +-jasI0yZT_g-00699-00193289-00193389 as well, though. +-jasI0yZT_g-00700-00193389-00193687 When you think about it, Hawaii is an exception +-jasI0yZT_g-00701-00193687-00194008 in that the thousands of miles of ocean around us +-jasI0yZT_g-00702-00194008-00194347 means that our biodiversity is highly endemic. +-jasI0yZT_g-00703-00194347-00194660 But no matter where you go, the biodiversity of your place +-jasI0yZT_g-00704-00194660-00194970 is going to be different than the continent next to you +-jasI0yZT_g-00705-00194970-00195241 or the continent on the other side of the globe. +-jasI0yZT_g-00706-00195241-00195588 And the value of that cannot be understated. +-jasI0yZT_g-00707-00195588-00195924 When you go traveling, you go to see new things, things that you +-jasI0yZT_g-00708-00195924-00196186 don't see in your own lands. +-jasI0yZT_g-00709-00196186-00196537 You don't go to see exactly the same thing that you left. +-jasI0yZT_g-00710-00196537-00196786 If we don't value the diversity of cultures, +-jasI0yZT_g-00711-00196786-00197174 the diversity of languages, the diversity of foods, all of that +-jasI0yZT_g-00712-00197174-00197674 boils down to the underlying ecological diversity +-jasI0yZT_g-00713-00197674-00197888 of the places in which we live. +-jasI0yZT_g-00714-00197888-00198055 DIRECTOR CLEARY: Amanda, what about you? +-jasI0yZT_g-00715-00198055-00198348 Do you think that biodiversity is +-jasI0yZT_g-00716-00198348-00199064 about an appreciation of life's many forms +-jasI0yZT_g-00717-00199064-00199246 of animals and plants? +-jasI0yZT_g-00718-00199246-00199392 Is there other value? +-jasI0yZT_g-00719-00199392-00199571 Is there an economic value to biodiversity? +-jasI0yZT_g-00720-00199571-00199817 ASSISTANT DIRECTOR MCCARTY: I think there's a lot of value. +-jasI0yZT_g-00721-00199817-00200050 There's the inherent value that organisms +-jasI0yZT_g-00722-00200050-00200199 have in and of themselves. +-jasI0yZT_g-00723-00200199-00200528 And as an ecologist, those interconnections +-jasI0yZT_g-00724-00200528-00200684 as well as the organisms themselves +-jasI0yZT_g-00725-00200684-00200829 are amazing and fascinating. +-jasI0yZT_g-00726-00200829-00201027 So there's a lot of inherent value. +-jasI0yZT_g-00727-00201027-00201410 But if you look at the societal value, the socioeconomic value, +-jasI0yZT_g-00728-00201410-00201736 we know that resilient ecosystems are generally more +-jasI0yZT_g-00729-00201736-00201793 diverse. +-jasI0yZT_g-00730-00201793-00202080 So the more diverse an ecosystem is, the more biodiversity +-jasI0yZT_g-00731-00202080-00202374 that it has in it, in general, the more able to +-jasI0yZT_g-00732-00202374-00202577 is to withstand a threat. +-jasI0yZT_g-00733-00202577-00203053 So if a coral reef bleaches but it were to be more diverse, +-jasI0yZT_g-00734-00203053-00203253 have more species on it, there's more likelihood +-jasI0yZT_g-00735-00203253-00203515 that some of those species could handle the threat. +-jasI0yZT_g-00736-00203515-00203717 We're finding that some species of coral +-jasI0yZT_g-00737-00203717-00203942 are more tolerant to temperature increases. +-jasI0yZT_g-00738-00203942-00204276 Others are more tolerant of pH increases. +-jasI0yZT_g-00739-00204276-00204597 If we only had one species of coral, we might lose them all. +-jasI0yZT_g-00740-00204597-00204815 But with many species, we have more of a chance +-jasI0yZT_g-00741-00204815-00204990 of keeping corals around. +-jasI0yZT_g-00742-00204990-00205215 And then the fishermen who depend +-jasI0yZT_g-00743-00205215-00205530 on that, the communities who depend on that for tourism-- +-jasI0yZT_g-00744-00205530-00205696 the more likely we have corals, the more +-jasI0yZT_g-00745-00205696-00205894 economically sustainable we are as well. +-jasI0yZT_g-00746-00205894-00206023 DIRECTOR CLEARY: So resilience. +-jasI0yZT_g-00747-00206023-00206088 ASSISTANT DIRECTOR MCCARTY: Just an example. +-jasI0yZT_g-00748-00206088-00206215 DIRECTOR CLEARY: Yeah, absolutely. +-jasI0yZT_g-00749-00206215-00206394 So it looks like our viewing group in Samoa +-jasI0yZT_g-00750-00206394-00206682 has another question for us, so back to Samoa. +-jasI0yZT_g-00751-00206682-00206778 AUDIENCE: OK, hi, guys. +-jasI0yZT_g-00752-00207096-00207492 I have a novel. +-jasI0yZT_g-00753-00207492-00207784 From your experience-- I mean, this is for me. +-jasI0yZT_g-00754-00207784-00207985 Over the last 30 years, what I've seen +-jasI0yZT_g-00755-00207985-00208377 is that we've had increased awareness globally, +-jasI0yZT_g-00756-00208377-00208682 and in the Pacific specifically from Samoa's standpoint, +-jasI0yZT_g-00757-00208682-00208873 on conservation and biodiversity. +-jasI0yZT_g-00758-00208873-00209105 There's been more awareness. +-jasI0yZT_g-00759-00209105-00209294 A lot of environmental policies have +-jasI0yZT_g-00760-00209294-00209607 been put in place, a lot of best practices +-jasI0yZT_g-00761-00209607-00209835 from everywhere in the world on how to do it. +-jasI0yZT_g-00762-00209835-00210056 But my biggest problem is there seems +-jasI0yZT_g-00763-00210056-00210378 to be continuing degrading of the environment. +-jasI0yZT_g-00764-00210378-00210688 From your working experience, why is this happening? +-jasI0yZT_g-00765-00210688-00210850 And what have you done? +-jasI0yZT_g-00766-00210850-00211379 Because if you do the index now of what, +-jasI0yZT_g-00767-00211379-00211655 compared to 20 years ago, if you look +-jasI0yZT_g-00768-00211655-00211876 at the money that's been spent and the resources that +-jasI0yZT_g-00769-00211876-00212210 have been put in place to try and conserve and protect +-jasI0yZT_g-00770-00212210-00212523 the environment, I don't think we can come out +-jasI0yZT_g-00771-00212523-00212703 with saying that we've done a great job, +-jasI0yZT_g-00772-00212703-00212931 because I don't think so. +-jasI0yZT_g-00773-00212931-00213081 DIRECTOR CLEARY: Thank you for that. +-jasI0yZT_g-00774-00213081-00213225 AUDIENCE: [INAUDIBLE] +-jasI0yZT_g-00775-00213225-00213463 DIRECTOR CLEARY: Amanda, maybe I might turn to you first. +-jasI0yZT_g-00776-00213463-00213973 Because you spent a lot of years working on the climate +-jasI0yZT_g-00777-00213973-00214046 change agreement. +-jasI0yZT_g-00778-00214046-00214283 And you were in Paris last year. +-jasI0yZT_g-00779-00214283-00214672 And I believe you brought a family member with you. +-jasI0yZT_g-00780-00214672-00214817 But maybe you can talk a little bit +-jasI0yZT_g-00781-00214817-00215180 about what the Paris agreement meant +-jasI0yZT_g-00782-00215180-00215403 for this issue of progress. +-jasI0yZT_g-00783-00215403-00216089 Because it can get rather difficult to keep +-jasI0yZT_g-00784-00216089-00216442 sort of optimism on these issues when we see some of the trends. +-jasI0yZT_g-00785-00216442-00216584 ASSISTANT DIRECTOR MCCARTY: Right. +-jasI0yZT_g-00786-00216584-00216817 Humans are having a huge impact on the planet. +-jasI0yZT_g-00787-00216817-00217159 There's a lot of us, and we're consuming a lot of resources. +-jasI0yZT_g-00788-00217159-00217336 And so that does impact the planet. +-jasI0yZT_g-00789-00217336-00217523 And we're seeing that through climate change. +-jasI0yZT_g-00790-00217523-00217690 We're seeing that through pollution. +-jasI0yZT_g-00791-00217690-00217931 We're seeing that through resource use. +-jasI0yZT_g-00792-00217931-00218101 There's a lot of negatives. +-jasI0yZT_g-00793-00218101-00218267 There's a lot of scary things. +-jasI0yZT_g-00794-00218267-00218542 At the same time, there's a growing awareness +-jasI0yZT_g-00795-00218542-00218746 among the human population that we +-jasI0yZT_g-00796-00218746-00218881 have an impact on the planet. +-jasI0yZT_g-00797-00218881-00219329 And so I think when I look at climate change, what we did 100 +-jasI0yZT_g-00798-00219329-00219562 years ago is impacting us now. +-jasI0yZT_g-00799-00219562-00219916 And it's going to impact us for the next couple hundred years. +-jasI0yZT_g-00800-00219916-00220241 So there's lags to how we respond +-jasI0yZT_g-00801-00220241-00220609 and how long it takes for those impacts to sort of roll back +-jasI0yZT_g-00802-00220609-00220957 or for us to be able to adapt and for ecosystems +-jasI0yZT_g-00803-00220957-00221048 to be able to adapt. +-jasI0yZT_g-00804-00221048-00221360 So I think part of it is that our awareness of our impacts +-jasI0yZT_g-00805-00221360-00221769 wasn't always as fast as our impacts themselves. +-jasI0yZT_g-00806-00221769-00222091 At the same time, too, I think that we just +-jasI0yZT_g-00807-00222091-00222331 have to keep trying. +-jasI0yZT_g-00808-00222331-00222567 We just have to keep trying new approaches. +-jasI0yZT_g-00809-00222567-00222825 We try things sometimes and it doesn't work. +-jasI0yZT_g-00810-00222825-00222987 And so we're learning as we go. +-jasI0yZT_g-00811-00222987-00223181 You talked about sharing of best practices +-jasI0yZT_g-00812-00223181-00223476 within the Pacific Islands and from around the world. +-jasI0yZT_g-00813-00223476-00223617 This is hard. +-jasI0yZT_g-00814-00223617-00224006 What we're doing to the planet is difficult to remediate. +-jasI0yZT_g-00815-00224006-00224285 And so it's a little bit of failing, +-jasI0yZT_g-00816-00224285-00224442 but it's also a lot of success. +-jasI0yZT_g-00817-00224442-00224690 And so I think the more that we can share our successes, +-jasI0yZT_g-00818-00224690-00224919 the more that we can focus on the big accomplishes +-jasI0yZT_g-00819-00224919-00225110 we made, like the agreement in Paris, +-jasI0yZT_g-00820-00225110-00225385 where we said enough with climate change. +-jasI0yZT_g-00821-00225385-00225643 We need to pay attention more than we have already. +-jasI0yZT_g-00822-00225643-00225727 We need to mitigate. +-jasI0yZT_g-00823-00225727-00225817 We need to adapt. +-jasI0yZT_g-00824-00225817-00226140 And we need to make sure that everyone can move in on it. +-jasI0yZT_g-00825-00226140-00226546 I think it will take a while to sometimes see the changes. +-jasI0yZT_g-00826-00226546-00226735 But those changes are happening. +-jasI0yZT_g-00827-00226735-00226914 DIRECTOR CLEARY: How many years did work +-jasI0yZT_g-00828-00226914-00227100 as a climate negotiator? +-jasI0yZT_g-00829-00227100-00227273 ASSISTANT DIRECTOR MCCARTY: Since 2010. +-jasI0yZT_g-00830-00227273-00227489 DIRECTOR CLEARY: So did you see changes +-jasI0yZT_g-00831-00227489-00227759 in that period of time in people's attitudes +-jasI0yZT_g-00832-00227759-00228258 towards climate, their-- +-jasI0yZT_g-00833-00228308-00228545 ASSISTANT DIRECTOR MCCARTY: The climate negotiator family +-jasI0yZT_g-00834-00228545-00228784 has always sort of been preaching to the choir, right? +-jasI0yZT_g-00835-00228784-00229074 But I think global attention to the issue has risen. +-jasI0yZT_g-00836-00229074-00229233 I'm seeing that happen with the oceans +-jasI0yZT_g-00837-00229233-00229526 as well, in part because of the Ocean Conference. +-jasI0yZT_g-00838-00229526-00229811 And so I think it's been interesting. +-jasI0yZT_g-00839-00229811-00230032 Over the period of time that I've been really, really +-jasI0yZT_g-00840-00230032-00230244 involved in environmental issues, +-jasI0yZT_g-00841-00230244-00230485 the amount of attention that diverse people are +-jasI0yZT_g-00842-00230485-00230720 paying to these issues has increased dramatically. +-jasI0yZT_g-00843-00230720-00230866 DIRECTOR CLEARY: Yeah, we certainly +-jasI0yZT_g-00844-00230866-00231063 see this in Washington. +-jasI0yZT_g-00845-00231063-00231462 The number of stakeholders who care about these issues +-jasI0yZT_g-00846-00231462-00231610 is growing every day. +-jasI0yZT_g-00847-00231610-00231971 Dr. Gon, how do you react to that question? +-jasI0yZT_g-00848-00231971-00232250 DR. GON: I've been in conservation for over 30 years +-jasI0yZT_g-00849-00232250-00232423 now. +-jasI0yZT_g-00850-00232423-00232663 And during that time, I've seen a lot of changes. +-jasI0yZT_g-00851-00232663-00233382 As you point out, there were increasing awareness, greater +-jasI0yZT_g-00852-00233382-00233692 investment in conservation projects, +-jasI0yZT_g-00853-00233692-00234071 in protection in the lands, in management technologies, +-jasI0yZT_g-00854-00234071-00234139 and the like. +-jasI0yZT_g-00855-00234139-00234502 And yet, in my career in conservation, +-jasI0yZT_g-00856-00234502-00234842 I've seen Hawaiian species go extinct. +-jasI0yZT_g-00857-00234842-00235307 I have seen growing stresses on both terrestrial and marine +-jasI0yZT_g-00858-00235307-00235654 ecosystems, largely as a result, as was pointed out, +-jasI0yZT_g-00859-00235654-00235911 of our growing populations and our growing +-jasI0yZT_g-00860-00235911-00236348 demands on the resources of every place on this planet. +-jasI0yZT_g-00861-00236348-00237057 And yet, the successful trends that I see in partnerships +-jasI0yZT_g-00862-00237057-00237571 to protect larger areas, in the recognition +-jasI0yZT_g-00863-00237571-00237815 that the upland ecosystems of Hawaii, +-jasI0yZT_g-00864-00237815-00238212 for example, are vital for the future of our water resources, +-jasI0yZT_g-00865-00238212-00238561 and indeed for all of even marine resources, +-jasI0yZT_g-00866-00238561-00239002 as nutrients and water go down into the sea, all +-jasI0yZT_g-00867-00239002-00239430 of those things are beginning to emerge so that they +-jasI0yZT_g-00868-00239430-00239608 are second nature to people. +-jasI0yZT_g-00869-00239608-00239831 And they recognize that those relationships +-jasI0yZT_g-00870-00239831-00240004 exist and need to be protected. +-jasI0yZT_g-00871-00240004-00240321 So you begin to see, both at the community level +-jasI0yZT_g-00872-00240321-00240919 and at the government level, projects that specifically deal +-jasI0yZT_g-00873-00240919-00241211 with the threats to those ecological processes, +-jasI0yZT_g-00874-00241211-00241432 from the tops of the mountains down +-jasI0yZT_g-00875-00241432-00241611 into the depths of the sea. +-jasI0yZT_g-00876-00241611-00241975 And that's something that I find promising. +-jasI0yZT_g-00877-00241975-00242396 It allows us to view global climate change, for example, +-jasI0yZT_g-00878-00242396-00242676 as a dynamic system. +-jasI0yZT_g-00879-00242676-00243236 We have forest birds that are susceptible to avian diseases, +-jasI0yZT_g-00880-00243236-00243489 to bird diseases, spread by mosquitoes. +-jasI0yZT_g-00881-00243489-00243812 Mosquitoes are in the news a lot because of the spread +-jasI0yZT_g-00882-00243812-00243952 of human diseases. +-jasI0yZT_g-00883-00243952-00244331 But our forest birds have been dealing with that +-jasI0yZT_g-00884-00244331-00244475 for over a century now. +-jasI0yZT_g-00885-00244475-00244723 And everything below 4,000 feet, you +-jasI0yZT_g-00886-00244723-00244921 won't find native birds because they've +-jasI0yZT_g-00887-00244921-00245096 been killed off by mosquitoes. +-jasI0yZT_g-00888-00245096-00245611 And as global climate change raises that mosquito zone, +-jasI0yZT_g-00889-00245611-00246015 they are essentially doomed unless we find new ways to deal +-jasI0yZT_g-00890-00246015-00246090 with those things. +-jasI0yZT_g-00891-00246090-00246344 But now, at least, we're able to recognize +-jasI0yZT_g-00892-00246344-00246673 that that is occurring and the solutions +-jasI0yZT_g-00893-00246673-00246948 will take those factors into account. +-jasI0yZT_g-00894-00246948-00247184 So we are playing catch up constantly. +-jasI0yZT_g-00895-00247184-00247469 And as was mentioned, there are lags +-jasI0yZT_g-00896-00247469-00247750 between the effects of a century ago +-jasI0yZT_g-00897-00247750-00247988 and what we have to deal with today. +-jasI0yZT_g-00898-00247988-00248184 But I remain an optimist. +-jasI0yZT_g-00899-00248184-00248482 Because as long as people are devoted to conservation +-jasI0yZT_g-00900-00248482-00248712 of biological diversity, as long as we +-jasI0yZT_g-00901-00248712-00248921 keep increasing our understanding of the processes +-jasI0yZT_g-00902-00248921-00249377 that are involved, we can enhance the tools +-jasI0yZT_g-00903-00249377-00249614 that we have to work on the problems. +-jasI0yZT_g-00904-00249614-00249739 DIRECTOR CLEARY: That's great. +-jasI0yZT_g-00905-00249739-00249959 Now, let's go back to Papua New Guinea for a question +-jasI0yZT_g-00906-00249959-00250081 from their audience. +-jasI0yZT_g-00907-00250081-00250309 AUDIENCE: My name's Jane Mugina. +-jasI0yZT_g-00908-00250309-00250585 My question is about created biodioversity. +-jasI0yZT_g-00909-00250585-00250873 So I'm talking about food crops here. +-jasI0yZT_g-00910-00250873-00251320 We continue to talk about nature biodiversity and linkages +-jasI0yZT_g-00911-00251320-00251776 between local communities and interdependence +-jasI0yZT_g-00912-00251776-00252178 between the natural biodiversity and local communities. +-jasI0yZT_g-00913-00252178-00252565 But there is also created biodiversity. +-jasI0yZT_g-00914-00252565-00252991 People have created the huge diversity of food crops +-jasI0yZT_g-00915-00252991-00253779 which they depend on, particularly to sustain. +-jasI0yZT_g-00916-00253779-00254321 And increasingly, we are seeing that a lot of communities +-jasI0yZT_g-00917-00254321-00254990 are not coping with events such as El +-jasI0yZT_g-00918-00254990-00255336 Nino, such as extended drought. +-jasI0yZT_g-00919-00255336-00255659 And we've seen this in Papua New Guinea, especially +-jasI0yZT_g-00920-00255659-00255856 the more recent years. +-jasI0yZT_g-00921-00255856-00256431 What is the general conservation effort +-jasI0yZT_g-00922-00256431-00257048 into protection of created diversity, such as protection +-jasI0yZT_g-00923-00257048-00257490 of crop cultivars, which people really depend on, particularly +-jasI0yZT_g-00924-00257490-00257812 in the light of climate change? +-jasI0yZT_g-00925-00257812-00258017 DR. GON: Well, certainly in the Hawaiian Islands, +-jasI0yZT_g-00926-00258017-00258748 where there were once hundreds of different varieties of taro +-jasI0yZT_g-00927-00258748-00259028 and dozens, if not more, varieties of bananas +-jasI0yZT_g-00928-00259028-00259354 and various other crops-- sweet potato varieties, +-jasI0yZT_g-00929-00259354-00259980 bread fruit varieties-- I hear your concern immediately. +-jasI0yZT_g-00930-00259980-00260271 And in fact, the loss of those posts +-jasI0yZT_g-00931-00260271-00260551 of those cultivars over the last 150 years +-jasI0yZT_g-00932-00260551-00260696 has been rather appalling. +-jasI0yZT_g-00933-00260696-00260923 We've lost over half of them. +-jasI0yZT_g-00934-00260923-00261238 I presume that you are not in that position, where you still +-jasI0yZT_g-00935-00261238-00261408 have the majority of your cultivars. +-jasI0yZT_g-00936-00261408-00261551 And it's really important for you +-jasI0yZT_g-00937-00261551-00261848 to be an advocate for maintaining +-jasI0yZT_g-00938-00261848-00262100 the existence of those cultivars, +-jasI0yZT_g-00939-00262100-00262664 because cultivar diversity, created crop diversity, +-jasI0yZT_g-00940-00262664-00262948 is going to be important for the future of food sustainability +-jasI0yZT_g-00941-00262948-00263103 on this planet. +-jasI0yZT_g-00942-00263103-00263394 I am a member of Red Listing Committee. +-jasI0yZT_g-00943-00263394-00263869 So the IUCN maintains a red list of rare species. +-jasI0yZT_g-00944-00263869-00264207 And I was talking with the botanical specialists +-jasI0yZT_g-00945-00264207-00265013 of that effort and asked them about whether or not +-jasI0yZT_g-00946-00265013-00265394 the same listing process could be +-jasI0yZT_g-00947-00265394-00266031 used to document and to track the status of cultivars +-jasI0yZT_g-00948-00266031-00266153 on this planet. +-jasI0yZT_g-00949-00266153-00266446 And they said that that's a very important idea, +-jasI0yZT_g-00950-00266446-00266670 and that it's something that needs to be developed. +-jasI0yZT_g-00951-00266670-00267031 So at this next IUCN World Conservation Congress, +-jasI0yZT_g-00952-00267031-00267578 if there are voices that are united +-jasI0yZT_g-00953-00267578-00268083 in expressing the importance of that concept, +-jasI0yZT_g-00954-00268083-00268229 I think that that can move forward. +-jasI0yZT_g-00955-00268229-00268542 It's certainly primed to go. +-jasI0yZT_g-00956-00268542-00268701 DIRECTOR CLEARY: Amanda, maybe I could +-jasI0yZT_g-00957-00268701-00268931 ask you that same question but talk a little bit +-jasI0yZT_g-00958-00268931-00269246 about food security in the ocean. +-jasI0yZT_g-00959-00269246-00269442 I know that some of the work that NOAA is doing +-jasI0yZT_g-00960-00269442-00269748 is looking at fisheries and different ways of looking +-jasI0yZT_g-00961-00269748-00270165 at food security that comes from our fish stocks. +-jasI0yZT_g-00962-00270165-00270328 ASSISTANT DIRECTOR MCCARTY: Absolutely. +-jasI0yZT_g-00963-00270328-00270628 So when we think of farming, we often think of the soil. +-jasI0yZT_g-00964-00270628-00270784 But we actually farm fish. +-jasI0yZT_g-00965-00270784-00270961 And we farm seaweed as well. +-jasI0yZT_g-00966-00270961-00271416 And so the balance of native crops or native fish stocks +-jasI0yZT_g-00967-00271416-00271846 and the food that we can farm provide us a good diversity +-jasI0yZT_g-00968-00271846-00272158 of a healthy, nutritious diet when protein is +-jasI0yZT_g-00969-00272158-00272288 an important part of your diet. +-jasI0yZT_g-00970-00272288-00272528 And fish can be a great source of that. +-jasI0yZT_g-00971-00272528-00272810 Our wild populations, we're working to rebuild them. +-jasI0yZT_g-00972-00272810-00273140 We're working to find ways to reduce bycatch to make sure +-jasI0yZT_g-00973-00273140-00273308 that we're sustainably harvesting fish +-jasI0yZT_g-00974-00273308-00273542 so that they'll be here for decades and decades. +-jasI0yZT_g-00975-00273542-00273766 And we realize that at the same time, +-jasI0yZT_g-00976-00273766-00274154 the demand for sea-based protein is not what +-jasI0yZT_g-00977-00274154-00274374 we can sustain from the sea. +-jasI0yZT_g-00978-00274374-00274598 And so we're investing in aquaculture programs +-jasI0yZT_g-00979-00274598-00274958 to look at how we can farm different species, how we can +-jasI0yZT_g-00980-00274958-00275164 improve the aquaculture practices +-jasI0yZT_g-00981-00275164-00275628 we already have, and provide safe, sustainable, healthy +-jasI0yZT_g-00982-00275628-00275843 seafood for people to eat. +-jasI0yZT_g-00983-00275843-00275968 DIRECTOR CLEARY: That's great. +-jasI0yZT_g-00984-00275968-00276207 So let's go back to our Facebook Live audience +-jasI0yZT_g-00985-00276207-00276384 for just another question. +-jasI0yZT_g-00986-00276384-00276773 This one is a personal one. +-jasI0yZT_g-00987-00276773-00277100 What made you decide to go into this field of work? +-jasI0yZT_g-00988-00277100-00277452 Tell us how you got hooked into this line of work. +-jasI0yZT_g-00989-00277452-00277611 DR. GON: Well, I was one of these kids +-jasI0yZT_g-00990-00277611-00277856 that after school, instead of being on the playing field, +-jasI0yZT_g-00991-00277856-00278164 I would be in the nearest stream turning over rocks, +-jasI0yZT_g-00992-00278164-00278347 seeing what lived underneath them. +-jasI0yZT_g-00993-00278347-00278543 I was always curious about the living +-jasI0yZT_g-00994-00278543-00278904 aspects of the natural world, even from childhood. +-jasI0yZT_g-00995-00278904-00279214 And I was encouraged in that by my parents. +-jasI0yZT_g-00996-00279214-00279561 And at a certain stage in high school, +-jasI0yZT_g-00997-00279561-00279742 there was a hiking group that was formed. +-jasI0yZT_g-00998-00279742-00279915 And it took us up into the mountains +-jasI0yZT_g-00999-00279915-00280231 on different trails and the like and taught us. +-jasI0yZT_g-01000-00280231-00280815 And there, I learned so many the names of our native plants +-jasI0yZT_g-01001-00280815-00281044 and animals and our birds. +-jasI0yZT_g-01002-00281044-00281350 And I came to appreciate the fact that many of these things +-jasI0yZT_g-01003-00281350-00281737 could not be found anywhere else on the planet. +-jasI0yZT_g-01004-00281737-00282051 And whenever you're growing up in that kind of extremely +-jasI0yZT_g-01005-00282051-00282510 special biological diversity, it kind of +-jasI0yZT_g-01006-00282510-00282900 primes you for a career in the conservation of those things +-jasI0yZT_g-01007-00282900-00283274 that are a part of who you are. +-jasI0yZT_g-01008-00283274-00283519 DIRECTOR CLEARY: You are an ocean expert, +-jasI0yZT_g-01009-00283519-00283796 and yet you grew up nowhere near the ocean. +-jasI0yZT_g-01010-00283796-00284175 How did you get connected with your line of work? +-jasI0yZT_g-01011-00284175-00284434 ASSISTANT DIRECTOR MCCARTY: So, I was originally pre-medicine. +-jasI0yZT_g-01012-00284434-00284617 I had planned on being a doctor, because I +-jasI0yZT_g-01013-00284617-00284730 wanted to help people. +-jasI0yZT_g-01014-00284730-00284928 I wanted healthy people. +-jasI0yZT_g-01015-00284928-00285051 And then I went to college. +-jasI0yZT_g-01016-00285051-00285552 And I spent some time in Ecuador studying ecology and evolution. +-jasI0yZT_g-01017-00285552-00285853 And I realized that that would be a lot of fun, for one part. +-jasI0yZT_g-01018-00285853-00286084 But I also realized how important +-jasI0yZT_g-01019-00286084-00286239 the health of our natural environment +-jasI0yZT_g-01020-00286239-00286390 is for the health of people. +-jasI0yZT_g-01021-00286390-00286814 And so I realized that I could help more people be healthier +-jasI0yZT_g-01022-00286814-00286984 by going down the path of working +-jasI0yZT_g-01023-00286984-00287226 in the environmental field than I could by being a doctor, +-jasI0yZT_g-01024-00287226-00287608 where I treated one, two, three people maybe at a time. +-jasI0yZT_g-01025-00287608-00288049 And I just wanted to really give back and combine my passion +-jasI0yZT_g-01026-00288049-00288259 with being outdoors, being in the ocean, +-jasI0yZT_g-01027-00288259-00288503 realizing that there are these amazing places. +-jasI0yZT_g-01028-00288503-00288670 I mean, the ocean seems so big. +-jasI0yZT_g-01029-00288670-00288879 Yet we're influencing it with our actions. +-jasI0yZT_g-01030-00288879-00289187 And so the idea that I could raise awareness of that +-jasI0yZT_g-01031-00289187-00289357 and help people find the solutions +-jasI0yZT_g-01032-00289357-00289662 to these big problems, that's what shifted me away +-jasI0yZT_g-01033-00289662-00289955 from the medical route and all the bills that are associated +-jasI0yZT_g-01034-00289955-00290208 with that and going more towards working +-jasI0yZT_g-01035-00290208-00290456 in the ecology and environmental policy field. +-jasI0yZT_g-01036-00290456-00290581 DIRECTOR CLEARY: That's great. +-jasI0yZT_g-01037-00290581-00290864 OK So, we're going to go back to Samoa for one more question +-jasI0yZT_g-01038-00290864-00291022 from the audience there. +-jasI0yZT_g-01039-00291022-00291217 AUDIENCE: Hi, my name is Serena Heckler. +-jasI0yZT_g-01040-00291217-00291373 I'm with UNESCO. +-jasI0yZT_g-01041-00291373-00291585 And the question I have is a little bit +-jasI0yZT_g-01042-00291585-00291804 of a follow on from some of the other discussions +-jasI0yZT_g-01043-00291804-00292091 that we've been having, is we've been talking a lot about +-jasI0yZT_g-01044-00292091-00292286 sharing best practice. +-jasI0yZT_g-01045-00292286-00292703 And one of the challenges I face working here in the Pacific-- +-jasI0yZT_g-01046-00292703-00292988 and I know everyone in the room also is-- we +-jasI0yZT_g-01047-00292988-00293321 see a lot of wonderful projects happening in Hawaii +-jasI0yZT_g-01048-00293321-00293660 particularly and are very interested to learn +-jasI0yZT_g-01049-00293660-00293957 from those projects and bring them back to the Pacific. +-jasI0yZT_g-01050-00293957-00294216 But it always seems like there are barriers +-jasI0yZT_g-01051-00294216-00294528 that you face in Hawaii-- that you don't face in Hawaii-- +-jasI0yZT_g-01052-00294528-00294809 you know, resource barriers, infrastructure barriers, +-jasI0yZT_g-01053-00294809-00294970 that we do face in the Pacific. +-jasI0yZT_g-01054-00294970-00295304 And I was just wondering if you had ideas and thoughts +-jasI0yZT_g-01055-00295304-00295683 about how your work could come to the Pacific +-jasI0yZT_g-01056-00295683-00296251 in ways that would be supporting Pacific stakeholders to develop +-jasI0yZT_g-01057-00296251-00296684 their own projects and ideas and overcoming those barriers. +-jasI0yZT_g-01058-00296684-00296947 I'm sure you both have a lot of experience with that. +-jasI0yZT_g-01059-00296947-00297114 DIRECTOR CLEARY: Maybe Amanda, would you +-jasI0yZT_g-01060-00297114-00297259 mind starting off with that one? +-jasI0yZT_g-01061-00297259-00297396 ASSISTANT DIRECTOR MCCARTY: Sure. +-jasI0yZT_g-01062-00297396-00297759 So there's many examples of where the United States +-jasI0yZT_g-01063-00297759-00297955 government and our agency partners +-jasI0yZT_g-01064-00297955-00298176 really try to help other countries. +-jasI0yZT_g-01065-00298176-00298494 One example-- this actually wasn't in the Pacific Islands. +-jasI0yZT_g-01066-00298494-00298684 It was in the Indian Ocean. +-jasI0yZT_g-01067-00298684-00299245 But we went over, and we did a three week long series +-jasI0yZT_g-01068-00299245-00299634 of workshops, where we tried to help marine protected area +-jasI0yZT_g-01069-00299634-00299944 managers understand what climate impacts were going +-jasI0yZT_g-01070-00299944-00300259 to be on their systems and conduct vulnerability +-jasI0yZT_g-01071-00300259-00300430 assessments so that they would know where +-jasI0yZT_g-01072-00300430-00300672 their key vulnerabilities are and then integrate that +-jasI0yZT_g-01073-00300672-00300967 into their existing management plans. +-jasI0yZT_g-01074-00300967-00301252 In the Pacific Islands, to give an example there, +-jasI0yZT_g-01075-00301252-00301513 we worked with USAID-- NOAA, the National Oceanic +-jasI0yZT_g-01076-00301513-00301740 and Atmospheric Administration-- worked with USAID +-jasI0yZT_g-01077-00301740-00301952 to understand what sort of climate services +-jasI0yZT_g-01078-00301952-00302269 the region needed, so saying, we have all this amazing data +-jasI0yZT_g-01079-00302269-00302442 and information we've produced in the US. +-jasI0yZT_g-01080-00302442-00302588 It's freely accessible. +-jasI0yZT_g-01081-00302588-00302739 We want you to use it. +-jasI0yZT_g-01082-00302739-00302848 Here's what it is. +-jasI0yZT_g-01083-00302848-00303040 We'll help you learn how to use it. +-jasI0yZT_g-01084-00303040-00303377 We've trained meteorologist to do modeling to bring it back +-jasI0yZT_g-01085-00303377-00303457 to their countries. +-jasI0yZT_g-01086-00303457-00303700 They can come over and work alongside our meteorologists. +-jasI0yZT_g-01087-00303700-00303817 And then we bring them back. +-jasI0yZT_g-01088-00303817-00304106 And they can apply that in their own countries. +-jasI0yZT_g-01089-00304106-00304317 There's definitely barriers. +-jasI0yZT_g-01090-00304317-00304385 It's hard. +-jasI0yZT_g-01091-00304385-00304548 And there's even barriers when you're +-jasI0yZT_g-01092-00304548-00304859 transforming from community to community within the US. +-jasI0yZT_g-01093-00304859-00305120 And so I think it's being persistent. +-jasI0yZT_g-01094-00305120-00305289 It's seeking out those opportunities. +-jasI0yZT_g-01095-00305289-00305473 It's looking for your critical partners. +-jasI0yZT_g-01096-00305473-00305791 NGOs played a huge role in the Pacific Islands +-jasI0yZT_g-01097-00305791-00306120 in helping foster government-to-government +-jasI0yZT_g-01098-00306120-00306242 connections even. +-jasI0yZT_g-01099-00306242-00306463 So it's bringing people together. +-jasI0yZT_g-01100-00306463-00306790 And I think it's sticking with it, because it's hard, +-jasI0yZT_g-01101-00306790-00306998 and knowing that if you just persist. +-jasI0yZT_g-01102-00306998-00307248 We want to partner, because we learn +-jasI0yZT_g-01103-00307248-00307416 from other countries, too. +-jasI0yZT_g-01104-00307416-00307612 So it's everyone's benefit. +-jasI0yZT_g-01105-00307612-00307899 DR. GON: You know, people will tell me +-jasI0yZT_g-01106-00307899-00308178 that they have barriers in their particular place, +-jasI0yZT_g-01107-00308178-00308594 that let's say, in Hawaii, we don't have. +-jasI0yZT_g-01108-00308594-00309101 But the amazing thing is that no matter where you, +-jasI0yZT_g-01109-00309101-00309553 there are obstacles to examples that you see elsewhere +-jasI0yZT_g-01110-00309553-00309962 in the world that are a result of your unique history, +-jasI0yZT_g-01111-00309962-00310215 and your unique set of laws, and the interactions +-jasI0yZT_g-01112-00310215-00310416 between communities and stakeholders +-jasI0yZT_g-01113-00310416-00310637 and governments in a place. +-jasI0yZT_g-01114-00310637-00310995 And in Hawaii, we used to have all kinds +-jasI0yZT_g-01115-00310995-00311272 of interesting frictions between federal government and state +-jasI0yZT_g-01116-00311272-00311468 government, between state government and county +-jasI0yZT_g-01117-00311468-00311651 government, between county government +-jasI0yZT_g-01118-00311651-00311993 and large private landowners, between landowners +-jasI0yZT_g-01119-00311993-00312216 and NGOs and the like. +-jasI0yZT_g-01120-00312216-00312514 And if you looked at that, you would think, oh, my gosh, +-jasI0yZT_g-01121-00312514-00312861 how does anything get done here? +-jasI0yZT_g-01122-00312861-00313253 But the answer was persistence, recognition +-jasI0yZT_g-01123-00313253-00313870 of what was at stake, and continually striving +-jasI0yZT_g-01124-00313870-00314367 to find that common ground, the motivating factors that allow +-jasI0yZT_g-01125-00314367-00314682 people to work together, to build trust with each other, +-jasI0yZT_g-01126-00314682-00315068 and to actually get toward the goal of conservation. +-jasI0yZT_g-01127-00315068-00315345 For example, in our large watershed partnerships, +-jasI0yZT_g-01128-00315345-00315516 watershed was the key. +-jasI0yZT_g-01129-00315516-00315762 The idea that the tops of our islands +-jasI0yZT_g-01130-00315762-00316083 were the key to the future of our water resources +-jasI0yZT_g-01131-00316083-00316319 meant that everything that came along +-jasI0yZT_g-01132-00316319-00316715 with that-- the native species, the forests, the birds-- all +-jasI0yZT_g-01133-00316715-00317100 came along with the idea of banding together in order +-jasI0yZT_g-01134-00317100-00317286 to protect that water resource. +-jasI0yZT_g-01135-00317286-00317815 So as soon as that common block of motivation was there +-jasI0yZT_g-01136-00317815-00318065 and people began to work with each other +-jasI0yZT_g-01137-00318065-00318633 and ignored their boundaries and their independent missions, +-jasI0yZT_g-01138-00318633-00319102 then we were able to actually make huge strides forward. +-jasI0yZT_g-01139-00319102-00319520 The idea of exchanging ideas and methods between countries +-jasI0yZT_g-01140-00319520-00319936 and between regions of the world is a really important one. +-jasI0yZT_g-01141-00319936-00320319 Hawaii benefited a great deal from the technologies +-jasI0yZT_g-01142-00320319-00320524 and from the advancements and the approaches that +-jasI0yZT_g-01143-00320524-00320844 occurred in Aotearoa, for example, in New Zealand. +-jasI0yZT_g-01144-00320844-00321318 We looked to them for many of the latest technologies +-jasI0yZT_g-01145-00321318-00321574 as we were developing our conservation program. +-jasI0yZT_g-01146-00321574-00322143 30 years ago, we did not have a lot of the tools +-jasI0yZT_g-01147-00322143-00322348 that we enjoy now. +-jasI0yZT_g-01148-00322348-00322634 And I think that in your situation, +-jasI0yZT_g-01149-00322634-00322871 you'll be able to do the same kind of thing. +-jasI0yZT_g-01150-00322871-00323143 But it will require persistence and building +-jasI0yZT_g-01151-00323143-00323691 upon that common ground and the mutual decision +-jasI0yZT_g-01152-00323691-00323955 that what's at stake is more important than the obstacles. +-jasI0yZT_g-01153-00323955-00324080 DIRECTOR CLEARY: That's great. +-jasI0yZT_g-01154-00324080-00324252 I think we're about running out of time, +-jasI0yZT_g-01155-00324252-00324393 but we're going to go to Papua New +-jasI0yZT_g-01156-00324393-00324932 Guinea for our final question and answer and short answers. +-jasI0yZT_g-01157-00324932-00325166 AUDIENCE: My name's Vance [INAUDIBLE]. +-jasI0yZT_g-01158-00325166-00325338 We talked a lot about the linkages +-jasI0yZT_g-01159-00325338-00325838 between the local community's governments and conservation +-jasI0yZT_g-01160-00325838-00326063 organizations and sort of achieving these conservation +-jasI0yZT_g-01161-00326063-00326159 outcomes. +-jasI0yZT_g-01162-00326159-00326365 Where do you think the biggest opportunities are +-jasI0yZT_g-01163-00326365-00326668 for industry and commercial interests +-jasI0yZT_g-01164-00326668-00326847 to help with conserving biodiversity? +-jasI0yZT_g-01165-00326847-00327035 ASSISTANT DIRECTOR MCCARTY: I think the areas +-jasI0yZT_g-01166-00327035-00327503 where industry and businesses have direct impacts because +-jasI0yZT_g-01167-00327503-00327743 of the ecosystem-- so fisheries, that's +-jasI0yZT_g-01168-00327743-00327923 that's an obvious place to me, aquaculture, +-jasI0yZT_g-01169-00327923-00328162 that's an obvious place-- but even +-jasI0yZT_g-01170-00328162-00328617 supply chains and port security, all of this +-jasI0yZT_g-01171-00328617-00328900 is dependent upon healthy coastal ecosystems that +-jasI0yZT_g-01172-00328900-00329118 buffer our lands from storms. +-jasI0yZT_g-01173-00329118-00329370 And so we have to help businesses +-jasI0yZT_g-01174-00329370-00329551 and industry see how this will impact +-jasI0yZT_g-01175-00329551-00329672 them to get them on our team. +-jasI0yZT_g-01176-00329672-00329796 DIRECTOR CLEARY: That's great. +-jasI0yZT_g-01177-00329796-00329994 Dr. Gon? +-jasI0yZT_g-01178-00329994-00330265 DR. GON: By the same token, the major industry in Hawaii +-jasI0yZT_g-01179-00330265-00330370 is tourism. +-jasI0yZT_g-01180-00330370-00330574 And so the appreciation of Hawaii +-jasI0yZT_g-01181-00330574-00330847 as a place that's important, not only for its culture, +-jasI0yZT_g-01182-00330847-00331215 for its nice climate, but for its ecological diversity +-jasI0yZT_g-01183-00331215-00331411 and its biodiversity in general is +-jasI0yZT_g-01184-00331411-00331993 one of those things that can help align +-jasI0yZT_g-01185-00331993-00332162 industry with conservation. +-jasI0yZT_g-01186-00332162-00332258 DIRECTOR CLEARY: Great. +-jasI0yZT_g-01187-00332258-00332574 Well, look, I'm so sorry to have to wrap it up, everyone. +-jasI0yZT_g-01188-00332574-00332800 But it looks like we're out of time. +-jasI0yZT_g-01189-00332800-00333005 I just want to thank our panelists for joining us +-jasI0yZT_g-01190-00333005-00333292 today-- Dr. Sam Gon and Amanda McCarty-- as well +-jasI0yZT_g-01191-00333292-00333411 as our online viewers. +-jasI0yZT_g-01192-00333411-00333589 And of course, big thanks to our groups +-jasI0yZT_g-01193-00333589-00333769 in Papua New Guinea and Samoa. +-jasI0yZT_g-01194-00333769-00333936 And if you're interested in following up +-jasI0yZT_g-01195-00333936-00334165 on the very important work that our speakers are doing, +-jasI0yZT_g-01196-00334165-00334585 I encourage you to check out @TNCHAWAII and @SEAGRANT +-jasI0yZT_g-01197-00334585-00334709 for more information. +-jasI0yZT_g-01198-00334709-00334855 And a plug for the State Department +-jasI0yZT_g-01199-00334855-00335161 which will be covering the IUCN World Conservation +-jasI0yZT_g-01200-00335161-00335438 Congress on the ground in Hawaii next week, so +-jasI0yZT_g-01201-00335438-00335592 please follow us on Twitter. +-jasI0yZT_g-01202-00335592-00335797 That's @StateDepartmentOES. +-jasI0yZT_g-01203-00335797-00335950 And like us on Facebook. +-jasI0yZT_g-01204-00335950-00336129 We're at Facebook.com/Sta teDepartment.OES. +-jasI0yZT_g-01205-00336324-00336539 And we hope you'll keep the conversation going. +-jasI0yZT_g-01206-00336539-00336724 Thanks, everyone. +-lxZuQINvYI-00000-00000588-00001045 Song Title: Car Car Car Car +-lxZuQINvYI-00001-00001241-00001557 Car Car Car Car Car ~ +-lxZuQINvYI-00002-00001565-00001917 There is a Car Car Car ~ +-lxZuQINvYI-00003-00001925-00002029 Car Car Car Car Car ~ +-lxZuQINvYI-00004-00002037-00002133 Car your Daddy +-lxZuQINvYI-00005-00002141-00002189 Daddy +-lxZuQINvYI-00006-00002197-00002277 Daddy +-lxZuQINvYI-00007-00002285-00002349 Daddy +-lxZuQINvYI-00008-00002453-00002549 Car Car Car Car Car ~ +-lxZuQINvYI-00009-00002557-00002693 Car Car Car Car Car ~ +-lxZuQINvYI-00010-00002701-00002789 Car Car Car Car Car ~ +-lxZuQINvYI-00011-00002797-00003133 There is a Car Car Car ~ +-lxZuQINvYI-00012-00003145-00003209 Car Car Car Car Car ~ +-lxZuQINvYI-00013-00003213-00003317 Car your Dadddy +-lxZuQINvYI-00014-00003332-00003400 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+-lxZuQINvYI-00035-00005447-00005599 Car Car Car Car Car ~ +-lxZuQINvYI-00036-00005774-00006077 EXO M Be Be with My Heart July 10th Fresh In Theaters +-nMQUoql5Zg-00000-00000000-00000170 Hello, this is Dog Watch. +-nMQUoql5Zg-00001-00000170-00000413 Born in Copenhagen in 2017, +-nMQUoql5Zg-00002-00000413-00000793 There's a Danish watch brand.(Laughing) +-nMQUoql5Zg-00003-00000793-00001293 It is a combination of 'Nord' which symbolizes northern Europe and 'Green' which means nature. +-nMQUoql5Zg-00004-00001293-00001686 It's actually a family name that's used a lot in Denmark.Haha +-nMQUoql5Zg-00005-00001686-00002053 The concept seems clear as the Nordic design powerhouse. +-nMQUoql5Zg-00006-00002053-00002396 Aesthetically pleasing function-oriented watch, +-nMQUoql5Zg-00007-00002396-00002843 Making it affordable and fulfilling corporate social responsibilities. +-nMQUoql5Zg-00008-00002843-00003130 After all, we're looking for sustainable management. +-nMQUoql5Zg-00009-00003130-00003590 Oh, sustainable management is completely the same as dogwatch's direction. +-nMQUoql5Zg-00010-00003590-00003910 Anyway, through the first kickstarter in 2018, +-nMQUoql5Zg-00011-00003910-00004196 Successful sales and brand settlement, +-nMQUoql5Zg-00012-00004196-00004620 The world's most recognized designer, Jacob Wagner, +-nMQUoql5Zg-00013-00004620-00004920 He's in charge of design. +-nMQUoql5Zg-00014-00004920-00005330 In fact, this is Capellini, an Italian luxury furniture brand. +-nMQUoql5Zg-00015-00005330-00005740 The Danish audio brand that we know very well, Bangen Olufson, +-nMQUoql5Zg-00016-00005740-00006300 While working as a designer, he/she has a splendid award career. (Oh~) +-nMQUoql5Zg-00017-00006300-00006643 For your information, he designed the watch that I'm going to introduce today. +-nMQUoql5Zg-00018-00006643-00007130 The watch won the 2020 Red Dot Design Award. +-nMQUoql5Zg-00019-00007130-00007430 Anyway, I know it's a good design. +-nMQUoql5Zg-00020-00007430-00007859 And what's unique about this company is that it's called the Giving Back program. +-nMQUoql5Zg-00021-00007859-00008236 We have a donation partnership with three NGO organizations. +-nMQUoql5Zg-00022-00008236-00008680 We can supply two months' worth of drinking water to one African resident. +-nMQUoql5Zg-00023-00008680-00009173 Conservation of 50 square meters of rainforests in Latin America. +-nMQUoql5Zg-00024-00009173-00009610 Supporting Indian children with a month-long writing class. +-nMQUoql5Zg-00025-00009610-00010123 If you choose one of these three donations and buy a watch, you'll pay no extra. +-nMQUoql5Zg-00026-00010123-00010600 You can participate with the serial number of the watch you purchased. +-nMQUoql5Zg-00027-00010600-00011063 I don't know what else, but it's a good thing, and the idea seems fresh.^^ +-nMQUoql5Zg-00028-00011063-00011526 The founder's quote, "Be a Pioneer Together," sounds good. +-nMQUoql5Zg-00029-00011526-00012013 Anyway, so I'm going to introduce you to Pioneer of Nord Green, Denmark. +-nMQUoql5Zg-00030-00013510-00013726 Then I'll go to the clock. +-nMQUoql5Zg-00031-00013726-00014100 Today's review was sponsored by Nordgreen with watches and straps (Nice Kk) +-nMQUoql5Zg-00032-00014100-00014586 Discount code: 15% discount is applied if you apply Dogwatch. +-nMQUoql5Zg-00033-00014586-00014856 I've got a purchase link at the bottom of the video. +-nMQUoql5Zg-00034-00014856-00015156 If you are interested, please refer to it. +-nMQUoql5Zg-00035-00015156-00015426 First of all, the packaging is pretty neat. +-nMQUoql5Zg-00036-00015426-00015876 It's a recycled plastic bottle and a FSC certification box.Haha +-nMQUoql5Zg-00037-00015876-00016240 The case size is 42mm, the thickness is 11.9mm, +-nMQUoql5Zg-00038-00016240-00016583 It's a little too big for the figures. +-nMQUoql5Zg-00039-00016583-00016940 Because of this short lug design down there, +-nMQUoql5Zg-00040-00016940-00017496 If I put it on my wrist, which is 17.8mm because it's 46mm, +-nMQUoql5Zg-00041-00017496-00017803 This is a moderately full impression. +-nMQUoql5Zg-00042-00017803-00018140 But the clock itself doesn't look too big. +-nMQUoql5Zg-00043-00018140-00018406 Well, Bezel's structure is virtually nonexistent. +-nMQUoql5Zg-00044-00018406-00018876 The dials make up most of the front of the clock.Haha +-nMQUoql5Zg-00045-00018876-00019143 The Pioneer model was designed by designer Jacob Wagner. +-nMQUoql5Zg-00046-00019143-00019613 It's a watch that won the fourth Red Dot Award. +-nMQUoql5Zg-00047-00019613-00019996 I always feel this part of a watch where design is a strong point, +-nMQUoql5Zg-00048-00019996-00020346 It's a slightly unique first impression.Haha +-nMQUoql5Zg-00049-00020346-00020633 There's a sapphire glass on the front. +-nMQUoql5Zg-00050-00020633-00021053 A little laterally, there's a lot of visual distortion. +-nMQUoql5Zg-00051-00021053-00021566 It's a single-dome structure, and it's also very much a designer's intention.Haha +-nMQUoql5Zg-00052-00021566-00021966 The overall casing finish is horizontal brushed. +-nMQUoql5Zg-00053-00021966-00022316 Unusually, the front part of the lug is like this. +-nMQUoql5Zg-00054-00022316-00022776 It is a small feature that it is brushed vertically. +-nMQUoql5Zg-00055-00022776-00023086 If you look at the dial, you'll see a thin border of inner bezel. +-nMQUoql5Zg-00056-00023086-00023650 It's navy. I don't know if you can see it on the screen. +-nMQUoql5Zg-00057-00023650-00024190 It's definitely darker than the navy color I generally think. +-nMQUoql5Zg-00058-00024190-00024623 Like a chronograph clock, a two-counter up-dial is located on both sides. +-nMQUoql5Zg-00059-00024623-00025163 It is a layered structure that gives a slight three-dimensional effect with a height difference. +-nMQUoql5Zg-00060-00025163-00025639 Brand name on the top of the dial and Copenhagen lettering like a grain of salt +-nMQUoql5Zg-00061-00025639-00026060 I'd like to compliment you on the part that's not too big. +-nMQUoql5Zg-00062-00026060-00026410 If Seopdial is about a half way down, +-nMQUoql5Zg-00063-00026410-00026860 The dating window at the bottom of the dial is almost on the first basement level. +-nMQUoql5Zg-00064-00026860-00027116 Another part of the intentional design is, +-nMQUoql5Zg-00065-00027116-00027613 the second hand that moves only when the chrono is operated, and the end of the minute hand on the left hand, +-nMQUoql5Zg-00066-00027613-00027803 I gave you a point in red. +-nMQUoql5Zg-00067-00027803-00028173 The main second hand on the right is marked in white. +-nMQUoql5Zg-00068-00028173-00028470 Also, like a clock that emphasizes design, +-nMQUoql5Zg-00069-00028470-00028796 The part where I care about the way it looks is, +-nMQUoql5Zg-00070-00028796-00029389 The super-sleep arrangement looks good, even with the long-cherished desire of a mid- to low-priced quartz watch.^^ +-nMQUoql5Zg-00071-00029389-00029900 The operation of the chronograph button is moderately soft and distinguished. +-nMQUoql5Zg-00072-00029900-00030156 It doesn't offend you. +-nMQUoql5Zg-00073-00030156-00030426 Personally, if I look at a chrono clock like this, +-nMQUoql5Zg-00074-00030426-00030803 I like the way you normally do this. +-nMQUoql5Zg-00075-00030803-00031280 I'd like to keep the cronos running all day. +-nMQUoql5Zg-00076-00031280-00031596 I wonder how long the battery will last. +-nMQUoql5Zg-00077-00031596-00031856 If you pull out one column, you can set the tate. +-nMQUoql5Zg-00078-00031856-00032303 If you pull it out to the end, you can set the time in the hacking state. +-nMQUoql5Zg-00079-00032303-00032713 The size of the dragon head is large and thick, so the grip is good. +-nMQUoql5Zg-00080-00032713-00032863 What about the glow-in-the-dark performance? +-nMQUoql5Zg-00081-00032920-00033273 Oh, for your information...The glow-in-the-dark paint...I don't have any. +-nMQUoql5Zg-00082-00033273-00033580 I understand that it's not a toolwatch concept. +-nMQUoql5Zg-00083-00033580-00033923 But it's a bit sad that they don't have it. +-nMQUoql5Zg-00084-00033923-00034280 The strap I personally chose is light gray. +-nMQUoql5Zg-00085-00034280-00034580 It's a Dove Grey vegan leather strap. +-nMQUoql5Zg-00086-00034580-00035026 The feel of natural leather by combining polyester and natural fiber. +-nMQUoql5Zg-00087-00035026-00035306 It's an embodiment. +-nMQUoql5Zg-00088-00035306-00035733 The dial and combination of dark navy color looks good. +-nMQUoql5Zg-00089-00035733-00036076 What if I apply the brown strap that arrived with me? +-nMQUoql5Zg-00090-00036076-00036383 This is what navy and brown look like. +-nMQUoql5Zg-00091-00036383-00036653 It's a proven combination. Something safe? +-nMQUoql5Zg-00092-00036653-00036973 Please refer to it if you want to choose. LOL +-nMQUoql5Zg-00093-00036973-00037200 The last one is Braslett. +-nMQUoql5Zg-00094-00037200-00037336 That's it. +-nMQUoql5Zg-00095-00037336-00037673 The clasp locks are made by middle-class Swiss brands. +-nMQUoql5Zg-00096-00037673-00037970 It's an OEM method that many people use. +-nMQUoql5Zg-00097-00037970-00038230 Of course, it's not what you see outside. +-nMQUoql5Zg-00098-00038230-00038720 I'm sorry to hear that the inside of the bristle is a thin plate. +-nMQUoql5Zg-00099-00038720-00039256 Except for this part, it's thick and solid. +-nMQUoql5Zg-00100-00039256-00039656 The quality of the beads themselves is better than expected. +-nMQUoql5Zg-00101-00039656-00039876 For those of you who prefer light fit +-nMQUoql5Zg-00102-00039876-00040086 I think it's a little heavy. +-nMQUoql5Zg-00103-00040086-00040406 I recommend a leather strap rather than a bristle. +-nMQUoql5Zg-00104-00040406-00040780 What I really want to compliment you about is, you know, the one with EasyClick +-nMQUoql5Zg-00105-00040780-00041126 It's not just the leather strap, it's this heavy. +-nMQUoql5Zg-00106-00041126-00041456 Bracelet also has EasyClick! +-nMQUoql5Zg-00107-00041456-00041606 I admit it ^^ +-nMQUoql5Zg-00108-00041606-00041690 It's a general review. +-nMQUoql5Zg-00109-00041690-00042260 The Nordgreen Pioneer is not a popular watch that I recommend to anyone. +-nMQUoql5Zg-00110-00042260-00042713 For those of you who are looking for a watch that's not common and unique. +-nMQUoql5Zg-00111-00042713-00043236 I recommend it to those who are good at using fashionable accessories. +-nMQUoql5Zg-00112-00043236-00043616 Dogwatch discount code is applied based on leather strap. +-nMQUoql5Zg-00113-00043616-00043950 It's about 280,000 won, so it's definitely a specification. +-nMQUoql5Zg-00114-00043950-00044300 It's not a cost-effective watch, it's a unique, independent watch. +-nMQUoql5Zg-00115-00044300-00044796 I think it's a watch that reflects the design premium to some extent.Haha +-nMQUoql5Zg-00116-00044796-00045100 Also, there's always someone watching secretly somewhere. +-nMQUoql5Zg-00117-00045100-00045496 If you're in the design field, take a look. LOL +-nMQUoql5Zg-00118-00045496-00045820 This has been Dog Watch. Thank you. +-nZFMLZUqsk-00000-00000040-00000648 somebody just gained 30 000 subscribers in three minutes. that is just +-nZFMLZUqsk-00001-00000712-00001432 weird. i know, right. it's just impossible, but it looks like that it actually happened. +-nZFMLZUqsk-00002-00001520-00002232 yes. this has happened to a channel that made a 5 million views on that recent +-nZFMLZUqsk-00003-00002232-00002792 video, and i even subscribed to him, but then i quickly realized, hey, the subscriber count is +-nZFMLZUqsk-00004-00002792-00003400 weird. it shouldn't update that much, and i saw it. i even made some screenshots. +_oO6smTcWQg-00000-00000000-00000200 Eryk Gee & Fezza - Faded +_0eCf91N4Gg-00000-00000608-00001162 Let’s explore how to design a Strategic Partnership project that would make sense for project partners, +_0eCf91N4Gg-00001-00001162-00001560 ensure efficient implementation and achieve the expected results. +_0eCf91N4Gg-00002-00001560-00001834 There are many approaches to designing a project, +_0eCf91N4Gg-00003-00001834-00002338 and each consortium of partners relies on their previous experiences with similar projects. +_0eCf91N4Gg-00004-00002340-00002966 Usually, Strategic Partnership projects are implemented by organisations that have previous experience. +_0eCf91N4Gg-00005-00002982-00003611 So, partners know what works well and what does not when creating a structure of project activities. +_0eCf91N4Gg-00006-00003611-00004284 If you have never implemented a larger-scale project, do your research on the existing approaches to project design. +_0eCf91N4Gg-00007-00004284-00004630 There is no ideal fit-for-all project design. +_0eCf91N4Gg-00008-00004630-00005112 A good project design should most importantly be relevant to the project objectives, +_0eCf91N4Gg-00009-00005112-00005642 methodology, partners’ experiences, duration and available resources. +_0eCf91N4Gg-00010-00005824-00006334 Project partners should first choose the best way to achieve the defined project objectives +_0eCf91N4Gg-00011-00006334-00006614 and create a project design based on it. +_0eCf91N4Gg-00012-00006614-00007000 Project partners may apply methodology used in a particular industry +_0eCf91N4Gg-00013-00007000-00007340 related to the nature of the output partners are aiming for. +_0eCf91N4Gg-00014-00007362-00007706 For example, if partners are creating an online product, +_0eCf91N4Gg-00015-00007706-00008036 they may want to apply a human-centred design approach. +_0eCf91N4Gg-00016-00008045-00008536 In this case, the development process should be broken down into five phases: +_0eCf91N4Gg-00017-00008536-00008992 empathise, define, ideate, prototype and test. +_0eCf91N4Gg-00018-00009004-00009364 If the whole consortium follows the same design thinking approach, +_0eCf91N4Gg-00019-00009364-00009646 then all products will be developed in this order. +_0eCf91N4Gg-00020-00009646-00010334 Activities like partner meetings, staff training or multiplying events would be naturally integrated in this approach +_0eCf91N4Gg-00021-00010334-00010900 and would take place when they are needed and support design thinking-based project implementation. +_0eCf91N4Gg-00022-00011092-00011736 When using this framework, partners must identify when it makes sense to have the initial partner meeting, +_0eCf91N4Gg-00023-00011736-00012290 when the next meeting should take place to review the achieved results and prepare for the next phase. +_0eCf91N4Gg-00024-00012308-00012730 Partners must identify specific milestones of the project +_0eCf91N4Gg-00025-00012730-00013263 and decide when partners need an in-person meeting and when an online meeting is enough. +_0eCf91N4Gg-00026-00013263-00013578 Partners have to make an estimate of the project duration, +_0eCf91N4Gg-00027-00013578-00014113 based on previous experiences or available knowledge about the development of similar projects. +_0eCf91N4Gg-00028-00014118-00014660 It is recommended to divide the development of intellectual outputs into more granular steps +_0eCf91N4Gg-00029-00014660-00015358 to realistically assess the required number and profile of staff members and resources necessary for the tasks planned. +_0eCf91N4Gg-00030-00015572-00015947 If the consortium of partners identifies the need for staff training, +_0eCf91N4Gg-00031-00015947-00016486 they should define when this training activity should take place within the entire project design. +_0eCf91N4Gg-00032-00016486-00016780 Training may be needed at the beginning of the project, +_0eCf91N4Gg-00033-00016780-00017324 if key staff members have to improve their competences for the development of intellectual outputs. +_0eCf91N4Gg-00034-00017336-00018072 Or partners may need training for testing the new product or building competences to use that product in their daily activities. +_0eCf91N4Gg-00035-00018084-00018580 In this case, a training activity would rather be in the middle of the project. +_0eCf91N4Gg-00036-00018580-00019178 Project design is also influenced by a number of processes ongoing throughout the entire project: +_0eCf91N4Gg-00037-00019194-00019566 - communication among partners and with external audiences; +_0eCf91N4Gg-00038-00019566-00019678 - monitoring, +_0eCf91N4Gg-00039-00019678-00019796 - reporting, +_0eCf91N4Gg-00040-00019804-00019942 - project visibility, +_0eCf91N4Gg-00041-00019942-00020268 and - dissemination of the results achieved. +_0eCf91N4Gg-00042-00020414-00020656 Let’s take a look at the example. +_0eCf91N4Gg-00043-00020656-00021114 A good tool to visually design a project is the so-called GANTT chart, +_0eCf91N4Gg-00044-00021114-00021442 named after management consultant Henry Gantt. +_0eCf91N4Gg-00045-00021442-00021774 It allows defining activities within a time frame. +_0eCf91N4Gg-00046-00021774-00022124 Let’s imagine that a project lasts 24 months. +_0eCf91N4Gg-00047-00022124-00022510 One partner meeting could be planned during the first months of the project +_0eCf91N4Gg-00048-00022510-00022710 and one partner meeting at the end, +_0eCf91N4Gg-00049-00022710-00023154 which would be a moment to review the project outcomes and evaluate the project. +_0eCf91N4Gg-00050-00023154-00023442 Let’s say we have two intellectual outputs, +_0eCf91N4Gg-00051-00023442-00023728 each broken down in three smaller phases – +_0eCf91N4Gg-00052-00023728-00024014 research, development and testing. +_0eCf91N4Gg-00053-00024014-00024480 It would be good to have one meeting towards the end of the first intellectual output +_0eCf91N4Gg-00054-00024480-00024764 and just before the beginning of the second one. +_0eCf91N4Gg-00055-00024764-00025376 Let’s add a short term staff training activity before the piloting phase of the first intellectual output +_0eCf91N4Gg-00056-00025376-00025864 to enable all staff members to get competent in testing the first output. +_0eCf91N4Gg-00057-00025864-00026326 Define when reporting should happen based on the management and reporting strategy. +_0eCf91N4Gg-00058-00026326-00026924 If you are producing intellectual outputs, you may ask for extra funding for multiplying events, +_0eCf91N4Gg-00059-00026924-00027260 which will give you extra opportunities for dissemination. +_0eCf91N4Gg-00060-00027260-00027672 A Multiplying Event takes place when intellectual outputs are ready. +_0eCf91N4Gg-00061-00027672-00028094 Partners need to decide if a multiplying event should happen locally +_0eCf91N4Gg-00062-00028094-00028348 or involve international community. +_0eCf91N4Gg-00063-00028348-00028668 Should it take place in one country or more? +_0eCf91N4Gg-00064-00028668-00029192 These are the decisions you must make when planning your strategic partnership project design. +_0eCf91N4Gg-00065-00029192-00029689 Make sure it is relevant and justify your design logic in the project proposal. +_3IHt287WZA-00000-00000056-00000712 i have replaced pin the comments on three of my videos, and that's because it had more light +_3IHt287WZA-00001-00000712-00001496 than the previous comments. i found one with two rows, but the previous had just one, so +_3IHt287WZA-00002-00001496-00002456 this wasn't enough. it was just not enough, so to do this, so we've done it a lot of times, before, +_3IHt287WZA-00003-00002456-00003192 but this is the weirdest new. i also gained 40 subscribers. i have noticed that palpate is now +_3IHt287WZA-00004-00003192-00003856 only one quarter of its original speed, going from 45 to only 10 views per hour. +_5A_5P1mHMI-00000-00000180-00000750 -- indistinct radio talk +_5A_5P1mHMI-00001-00000750-00001254 --- You don't realize what +_5A_5P1mHMI-00002-00001254-00001588 most North American cities are like until you step out +_5A_5P1mHMI-00003-00001588-00001718 of your car. +_5A_5P1mHMI-00004-00001978-00002135 Parking lots. +_5A_5P1mHMI-00005-00002288-00002442 Strip malls. +_5A_5P1mHMI-00006-00002569-00002832 Roads so wide, they're impossible to cross. +_5A_5P1mHMI-00007-00002986-00003273 Without a car, you're stranded, +_5A_5P1mHMI-00008-00003273-00003476 lost in a sea of asphalt. +_5A_5P1mHMI-00009-00003680-00003770 However, +_5A_5P1mHMI-00010-00003780-00004067 there's a city right here in North America that shows us +_5A_5P1mHMI-00011-00004140-00004394 things don't have to be this way. +_5A_5P1mHMI-00012-00009169-00009376 This is Montreal, Canada, +_5A_5P1mHMI-00013-00009376-00009733 and it is a Canadian city with very European roots. +_5A_5P1mHMI-00014-00009736-00009973 It is located in Quebec, Canada, +_5A_5P1mHMI-00015-00009973-00010347 the only French speaking place in all of North America. +_5A_5P1mHMI-00016-00010350-00010727 Although Montreal has a lot of suburban sprawl and wide roads like the rest +_5A_5P1mHMI-00017-00010727-00011067 of the North American city, the historic city center has largely +_5A_5P1mHMI-00018-00011067-00011464 remained intact with its cobblestone roads, and it's very European +_5A_5P1mHMI-00019-00011464-00011811 architecture, giving it some very walkable and human scaled streets. +_5A_5P1mHMI-00020-00011865-00012218 Today, I'm going to take you around by metro, by bike and by walking, +_5A_5P1mHMI-00021-00012218-00012555 and then we will give the city a human mobility score. +_5A_5P1mHMI-00022-00013306-00013410 Old Montreal is +_5A_5P1mHMI-00023-00013410-00013800 home to some of the most European feeling streets in all of North America. +_5A_5P1mHMI-00024-00013803-00014044 And here you have the cobblestone and brick paving. +_5A_5P1mHMI-00025-00014044-00014454 Together with the mid-rise architecture and many storefronts that line +_5A_5P1mHMI-00026-00014454-00014768 these buildings, this street is something straight out of Europe. +_5A_5P1mHMI-00027-00014768-00015048 They just don't build streets like this in North America, +_5A_5P1mHMI-00028-00015048-00015255 especially where the facades of the building +_5A_5P1mHMI-00029-00015255-00015522 and the doors and everything spill right into the street. +_5A_5P1mHMI-00030-00015522-00015682 There's a conversation that happens +_5A_5P1mHMI-00031-00015682-00015982 between the people in the building and the people walking outside. +_5A_5P1mHMI-00032-00015982-00016372 There's very little distance between outdoor space and indoor space. +_5A_5P1mHMI-00033-00016483-00016633 As we walk down this street, +_5A_5P1mHMI-00034-00016633-00016996 we can really feel that we are enclosed by these buildings beside us. +_5A_5P1mHMI-00035-00017017-00017440 We feel like we are outside, but also at the same time inside a room, +_5A_5P1mHMI-00036-00017440-00017744 which is how urban designers define this space like this. +_5A_5P1mHMI-00037-00017754-00018138 And there is a serious lack of outdoor rooms in the North +_5A_5P1mHMI-00038-00018138-00018328 American urban design lexicon. +_5A_5P1mHMI-00039-00018328-00018508 Instead, we have parking lots everywhere. +_5A_5P1mHMI-00040-00018698-00019049 Some traffic engineers and planners in North America are reluctant +_5A_5P1mHMI-00041-00019049-00019352 to put these narrow streets in their cities, arguing that these big +_5A_5P1mHMI-00042-00019352-00019729 trucks, such as garbage trucks, deliveries and even fire trucks won't fit through. +_5A_5P1mHMI-00043-00019736-00019819 But as you can see, +_5A_5P1mHMI-00044-00019819-00020163 because there is such a lack of traffic here, it's very easy to accommodate. +_5A_5P1mHMI-00045-00020163-00020520 You can see cars and trucks loading and unloading occasionally on the street. +_5A_5P1mHMI-00046-00020520-00020697 But because there's no parking spaces, +_5A_5P1mHMI-00047-00020697-00020904 not that many people hunt around for parking, +_5A_5P1mHMI-00048-00020904-00021231 giving most of the street width to pedestrians, and it's a very nice +_5A_5P1mHMI-00049-00021231-00021451 avenue to walk down. +_5A_5P1mHMI-00050-00021598-00021705 This is Place +_5A_5P1mHMI-00051-00021705-00022058 Jacques-Cartier, and this street is not closed off to cars at all. +_5A_5P1mHMI-00052-00022062-00022322 In fact, has very aggressive traffic calming measures +_5A_5P1mHMI-00053-00022322-00022629 and paving that merely suggests that cars should not be here. +_5A_5P1mHMI-00054-00022822-00022876 I'll show you +_5A_5P1mHMI-00055-00022876-00023193 all the treatments that makes this pedestrian priority streets so great. +_5A_5P1mHMI-00056-00023196-00023466 Let's start with this giant bollard by the intersection. +_5A_5P1mHMI-00057-00023470-00023803 This big bollard forces all the turn in cars to be very careful +_5A_5P1mHMI-00058-00023803-00024034 that they don't encroach into the pedestrian space. +_5A_5P1mHMI-00059-00024034-00024337 The sidewalk treatment and the paving bricks continue all the way +_5A_5P1mHMI-00060-00024337-00024664 through the intersection, discouraging turning cars from coming through. +_5A_5P1mHMI-00061-00024667-00024888 There's also no curbs in front of the shopfronts, +_5A_5P1mHMI-00062-00024888-00025188 which encourages pedestrians to take the full width of the street. +_5A_5P1mHMI-00063-00025191-00025575 These different pavers provide tactile feedback to drivers driving through. +_5A_5P1mHMI-00064-00025575-00025819 It's noisy, and it provides a bit of vibration +_5A_5P1mHMI-00065-00025819-00026045 to make sure people slow down as they're driving +_5A_5P1mHMI-00066-00026045-00026229 and to make sure you don't pick up too much speed. +_5A_5P1mHMI-00067-00026229-00026616 There's a big, sturdy stop sign saying that at the bottom of the hill +_5A_5P1mHMI-00068-00026626-00026739 on a concrete block. +_5A_5P1mHMI-00069-00026930-00027000 Traffic coming +_5A_5P1mHMI-00070-00027000-00027424 often fails because we only perform one or two out of the combination +_5A_5P1mHMI-00071-00027424-00027824 of different factors that come into psychologically slowing cars down. +_5A_5P1mHMI-00072-00027827-00028181 This can be done through physical barriers or it can be done through more soft +_5A_5P1mHMI-00073-00028181-00028451 measures, such as having a large amount of pedestrians +_5A_5P1mHMI-00074-00028451-00028802 on the street, having a narrow street or having the visual perception +_5A_5P1mHMI-00075-00028802-00029008 that you're moving through buildings really quickly. +_5A_5P1mHMI-00076-00029225-00029566 If you have space between two buildings, you don't have to make into a street, +_5A_5P1mHMI-00077-00029566-00029839 you can turn it into a linear park instead of benches +_5A_5P1mHMI-00078-00029843-00030043 and planters. Some trees, some lampposts, +_5A_5P1mHMI-00079-00030043-00030260 and you have yourself a very nice public space. +_5A_5P1mHMI-00080-00030260-00030617 This is a decently wide corridor, probably about twelve meters across, +_5A_5P1mHMI-00081-00030617-00031004 but because of the planters on either side, it divides us up like a boulevard, +_5A_5P1mHMI-00082-00031004-00031091 a mini boulevard. +_5A_5P1mHMI-00083-00031091-00031351 For pedestrians, it looks visually much narrower +_5A_5P1mHMI-00084-00031351-00031608 and provides a much nicer place to sit on the sides. +_5A_5P1mHMI-00085-00032252-00032429 Stay warm during the cold winters +_5A_5P1mHMI-00086-00032429-00032769 as one of the challenges of building a city like Montreal, they've created this +_5A_5P1mHMI-00087-00032769-00033149 very neat indoor space by enclosing off what was formerly +_5A_5P1mHMI-00088-00033149-00033349 an outdoor space. +_5A_5P1mHMI-00089-00033680-00034047 Whether indoors or outdoors, the principles of human scale design +_5A_5P1mHMI-00090-00034047-00034134 remains the same, +_5A_5P1mHMI-00091-00034134-00034501 and this street was just as wide before it was enclosed in a glass roof. +_5A_5P1mHMI-00092-00034504-00034831 This is essentially what we want when we talk about a human scale +_5A_5P1mHMI-00093-00034831-00035048 street, a street that's not too wide and the street +_5A_5P1mHMI-00094-00035048-00035275 that's very comfortable for a person to walk in. +_5A_5P1mHMI-00095-00035442-00035822 This video is brought to you by the EIT Urban Mobility Academy, +_5A_5P1mHMI-00096-00035825-00036152 and if you love learning about urban mobility, check out their new courses +_5A_5P1mHMI-00097-00036166-00036613 completely free at URBANMOBILITYCOURSES.EU link in the description below. +_5A_5P1mHMI-00098-00036713-00037033 --metro announcement-- +_5A_5P1mHMI-00099-00037033-00037434 The Montreal Metro has 68 stations in its system, +_5A_5P1mHMI-00100-00037434-00037664 and they are all fully enclosed and underground, +_5A_5P1mHMI-00101-00037664-00037897 making it possible for this whole system to be heated. +_5A_5P1mHMI-00102-00037901-00038201 Another interesting fact is that it's full of rubber tire trains, +_5A_5P1mHMI-00103-00038204-00038478 much like the Paris system that is modeled after, +_5A_5P1mHMI-00104-00038571-00038842 even though we're in an underground metro station right now. +_5A_5P1mHMI-00105-00038845-00039142 These lights and the atmosphere created by these walls make it +_5A_5P1mHMI-00106-00039142-00039466 feel like we're outdoors in a plaza or street like setting. +_5A_5P1mHMI-00107-00039466-00039556 I think it's brilliant. +_5A_5P1mHMI-00108-00039969-00040213 The Montreal metro is not just a place of movement. +_5A_5P1mHMI-00109-00040223-00040497 In fact, it's so expansive that you can even get a coffee +_5A_5P1mHMI-00110-00040497-00040784 at this coffee shop behind me. +_5A_5P1mHMI-00111-00040977-00041237 Need to transfer to another line, cross-platform +_5A_5P1mHMI-00112-00041237-00041591 transfers make it very easy to just walk from one train to the other. +_5A_5P1mHMI-00113-00041594-00041821 No stairs involved in a transit network, +_5A_5P1mHMI-00114-00041825-00042048 at least one transfer is almost inevitable. +_5A_5P1mHMI-00115-00042048-00042392 Making these transfers as easy as possible is key to making the system +_5A_5P1mHMI-00116-00042392-00042675 very accessible and easy to use for the people involved. +_5A_5P1mHMI-00117-00042679-00043053 If you want to learn more at the YouTube channel, RMTransit has a great video +_5A_5P1mHMI-00118-00043053-00043329 going into detail about cross-platform transfers. +_5A_5P1mHMI-00119-00043450-00043767 This is one of more than 600 Bixi bike stations +_5A_5P1mHMI-00120-00043767-00044160 dotted around Montreal, containing more than 7000 bicycles in total. +_5A_5P1mHMI-00121-00044164-00044467 Bixi is a combination of the words bicycle and taxi, +_5A_5P1mHMI-00122-00044467-00044794 and as of 2018 it had more than 5 million rides per year. +_5A_5P1mHMI-00123-00044798-00044974 Montreal is a city with many hills, +_5A_5P1mHMI-00124-00044974-00045382 and the name is actually Mount Royal, which has a huge mountain in the middle. +_5A_5P1mHMI-00125-00045385-00045682 To address that fact, Bixi has introduced these new e-bikes, +_5A_5P1mHMI-00126-00045682-00045912 which makes it much easier to get up those big hills. +_5A_5P1mHMI-00127-00045985-00046252 The good old days when you didn't need a cell phone to rent a bike? +_5A_5P1mHMI-00128-00046286-00046579 Well, even the stand here now tells you to download the app. +_5A_5P1mHMI-00129-00047237-00047550 A traffic calm street like this one, which is only 30 kilometers +_5A_5P1mHMI-00130-00047550-00047947 an hour, gives a great opportunity to accommodate cyclists of all ages. +_5A_5P1mHMI-00131-00047947-00048294 It feel safe, you're enclosed, and car traffic is very slow. +_5A_5P1mHMI-00132-00048298-00048621 one way streets like this one invite very fast moving traffic. +_5A_5P1mHMI-00133-00048625-00048808 They're hard to cross for pedestrians +_5A_5P1mHMI-00134-00048808-00049062 and biking down these are not a good experience. +_5A_5P1mHMI-00135-00049062-00049185 Plus they're very loud. +_5A_5P1mHMI-00136-00049185-00049402 But that's where that's two way bike lanes come in. +_5A_5P1mHMI-00137-00049406-00049602 A two way bike lane allows cyclists +_5A_5P1mHMI-00138-00049602-00049906 to go against the flow of traffic to get to their destination. +_5A_5P1mHMI-00139-00049909-00050266 Although these two way bike lanes provide a lot of protection in the road segment, +_5A_5P1mHMI-00140-00050266-00050553 they do kind of fall apart where the intersections are involved. +_5A_5P1mHMI-00141-00050553-00050814 As a driver, you have to look both ways for cyclists +_5A_5P1mHMI-00142-00050814-00051030 coming through the intersection, and as a cyclist, +_5A_5P1mHMI-00143-00051030-00051267 you have to watch both ways for cars coming through. +_5A_5P1mHMI-00144-00051271-00051661 So both parties get added stress from trying to navigate this intersection. +_5A_5P1mHMI-00145-00051748-00052008 Around Montreal, you're also see many of the one way blue +_5A_5P1mHMI-00146-00052008-00052352 bike lanes that are much safer in design, and I personally prefer them +_5A_5P1mHMI-00147-00052352-00052675 because it avoids the conflicts that these two way bike lanes provides. +_5A_5P1mHMI-00148-00052872-00052939 This park +_5A_5P1mHMI-00149-00052939-00053223 here is a great example of filtered permeability. +_5A_5P1mHMI-00150-00053243-00053556 It separates the commercial street from more residential +_5A_5P1mHMI-00151-00053556-00053727 zoned back there. +_5A_5P1mHMI-00152-00053883-00054174 And by diverting the traffic and only allowing cyclists +_5A_5P1mHMI-00153-00054174-00054357 and pedestrians, you also have an opportunity +_5A_5P1mHMI-00154-00054357-00054611 to create a park, which is a great public space +_5A_5P1mHMI-00155-00054611-00054874 that can be recovered from what used to be traffic space. +_5A_5P1mHMI-00156-00055098-00055355 An uninterrupted facade of mid-rise buildings +_5A_5P1mHMI-00157-00055355-00055595 such as this one behind me is key to Montreal's +_5A_5P1mHMI-00158-00055595-00055905 walkability and a sense of enclosure meant for pedestrians. +_5A_5P1mHMI-00159-00055909-00056105 The YouTube channel Oh the Urbanity! +_5A_5P1mHMI-00160-00056105-00056436 made a great video about Montreal's unique, mid-rise neighborhoods. +_5A_5P1mHMI-00161-00056760-00056980 Montreal is doing a lot to make its neighborhoods +_5A_5P1mHMI-00162-00056980-00057157 more livable, and part of this effort +_5A_5P1mHMI-00163-00057157-00057380 is to pedestrianized quite a few of its streets. +_5A_5P1mHMI-00164-00057383-00057724 Here's a quick and easy way to give half the street back to pedestrians. +_5A_5P1mHMI-00165-00057724-00058104 It involves an arch, a sign and some quick chain link fences. +_5A_5P1mHMI-00166-00058108-00058398 In this pedestrian zone, you have some nice paint work +_5A_5P1mHMI-00167-00058398-00058708 being applied to the asphalt here, as well as a planter +_5A_5P1mHMI-00168-00058721-00059038 that doubles as a little table where you can put your coffee. +_5A_5P1mHMI-00169-00059119-00059499 This pedestrianized space also opens up room for a street market, +_5A_5P1mHMI-00170-00059499-00059602 which you see behind me. +_5A_5P1mHMI-00171-00059602-00059849 Even though it's really cold outside, there's still people selling +_5A_5P1mHMI-00172-00059849-00060443 fruits and vegetables under a gazebo tent. +_5A_5P1mHMI-00173-00060443-00061101 Montreal is not a utopian city, however, it's living, breathing, proof +_5A_5P1mHMI-00174-00061101-00061431 that humans scaled cities in North America can thrive +_5A_5P1mHMI-00175-00061511-00061945 as long as we have the political will to make them in the first place. +_5A_5P1mHMI-00176-00062192-00062275 Sitting +_5A_5P1mHMI-00177-00062469-00062685 in a chair +_5A_5P1mHMI-00178-00062685-00062805 that. +_5A_5P1mHMI-00179-00063586-00063853 I hope you enjoyed this tour of Montreal, Canada, +_5A_5P1mHMI-00180-00063853-00064280 and now it is time to give this city a human mobility score for transit. +_5A_5P1mHMI-00181-00064284-00064390 I'm going to give Montreal +_5A_5P1mHMI-00182-00064390-00064808 a four out of five where it's very warm and extensive metro system. +_5A_5P1mHMI-00183-00064811-00065154 Even though it has excellent bus coverage, some frequencies are lacking, +_5A_5P1mHMI-00184-00065158-00065472 although there is a bright light in the future, as this city is going +_5A_5P1mHMI-00185-00065472-00065889 through a big transit expansion and its regional rail network for cycling. +_5A_5P1mHMI-00186-00065892-00065995 I'm going to give the city +_5A_5P1mHMI-00187-00065995-00066276 a two out of five, even though it was one of the best cities +_5A_5P1mHMI-00188-00066276-00066549 in North America for cycling like ten years ago. +_5A_5P1mHMI-00189-00066549-00066880 The other cities in North America has really done a lot to catch up. +_5A_5P1mHMI-00190-00066880-00067187 We are comparing this city with other European cities as well, +_5A_5P1mHMI-00191-00067187-00067383 so it doesn't really stack up that well. +_5A_5P1mHMI-00192-00067383-00067754 The two way bike lanes on many of the one-way streets here are a great idea. +_5A_5P1mHMI-00193-00067757-00067851 But because the signal +_5A_5P1mHMI-00194-00067851-00068221 timing is a bit lacking and it's not clear who has priority, it sometimes +_5A_5P1mHMI-00195-00068221-00068541 creates some pretty dangerous situations for cyclists, for walking. +_5A_5P1mHMI-00196-00068545-00068755 I'm going to give the city a five out of five +_5A_5P1mHMI-00197-00068755-00069082 as some very historic buildings and really beautiful streets +_5A_5P1mHMI-00198-00069082-00069385 and especially stellar for a city in North America. +_5A_5P1mHMI-00199-00069389-00069602 As I mentioned, the winters are very cold here, +_5A_5P1mHMI-00200-00069602-00069813 but the underground city and the metro network +_5A_5P1mHMI-00201-00069813-00070163 give you a nice place to duck away when you just can't take the cold anymore. +_5A_5P1mHMI-00202-00070166-00070430 For bike share, I'm going to give Montreal a three out of five. +_5A_5P1mHMI-00203-00070430-00070693 Even though the Bixi system has excellent coverage +_5A_5P1mHMI-00204-00070693-00071030 and the docks in the bike share system keep the sidewalks neat and tidy. +_5A_5P1mHMI-00205-00071034-00071361 They are a bit of a hassle to get to if you don't know where your next dock is. +_5A_5P1mHMI-00206-00071364-00071394 The other +_5A_5P1mHMI-00207-00071394-00071785 bike share systems I've experienced in Europe has a much better app experience. +_5A_5P1mHMI-00208-00071788-00071985 I'm not saying that the Bixi system is bad. +_5A_5P1mHMI-00209-00071985-00072292 I'm just saying that there is a bit of a lack of options in the city, +_5A_5P1mHMI-00210-00072292-00072565 so it'd be good to see the city experiment with other bike share +_5A_5P1mHMI-00211-00072565-00072906 or scooter options, and that gives Montreal a human mobility +_5A_5P1mHMI-00212-00072906-00073109 score of 14 out of 20. +_5A_5P1mHMI-00213-00073139-00073286 I hope you enjoy this city +_5A_5P1mHMI-00214-00073286-00073700 and this tour with me, and I hope to see you in the next city. +_6dkoWMuj1E-00000-00000000-00000068 [Hello, everyone!] +_6dkoWMuj1E-00001-00000068-00000162 [Thank you for the 5.3 million views on my last video] +_6dkoWMuj1E-00002-00000162-00000288 [Despite of sharing the truth about my abs postpartum] +_6dkoWMuj1E-00003-00000288-00000504 [so many of you were encouraging on the 'Let's Exercise Together' movement] +_6dkoWMuj1E-00004-00000538-00000634 [Now, I can't go back] +_6dkoWMuj1E-00005-00000634-00000898 [Researching about ab toning routine / 5 minutes of daily abs for a month + eating veggie-based dinner] +_6dkoWMuj1E-00006-00000898-00001003 [It was so hard] +_6dkoWMuj1E-00007-00001026-00001190 [But I saw some hope!] +_6dkoWMuj1E-00008-00001191-00001353 [You can tell the saggy skin decreased] +_6dkoWMuj1E-00009-00001353-00001452 [Satisfied] +_6dkoWMuj1E-00010-00001452-00001587 [Although this was before dinner] +_6dkoWMuj1E-00011-00001588-00001690 [What can I say?] +_6dkoWMuj1E-00012-00001690-00001765 [But what I would really like to get back] +_6dkoWMuj1E-00013-00001765-00001872 [more than the abs] +_6dkoWMuj1E-00014-00001872-00002038 [is...] +_6dkoWMuj1E-00015-00002038-00002224 [my belly button] +_6dkoWMuj1E-00016-00002224-00002328 [It's improving on its skills every day] +_6dkoWMuj1E-00017-00002328-00002430 [Skill 1. Popcorn] +_6dkoWMuj1E-00018-00002430-00002562 [Skill 2. Blooming belly button flower] +_6dkoWMuj1E-00019-00002562-00002681 [Skill 3. Belly button saying hello] +_6dkoWMuj1E-00020-00002681-00002822 [I really wanted to drink at some point] +_6dkoWMuj1E-00021-00002939-00003092 Do you want to know where your belly button went? +_6dkoWMuj1E-00022-00003092-00003167 Let's get it. +_6dkoWMuj1E-00023-00003167-00003406 As your abs expand during pregnancy, the uterus pushes the organs nearby the abdominal wall. +_6dkoWMuj1E-00024-00003406-00003538 This also includes the belly button. +_6dkoWMuj1E-00025-00003538-00003994 My belly button, especially being pushed by a big 3.65kg baby, will never come back. +_6dkoWMuj1E-00026-00004099-00004181 Look at them. +_6dkoWMuj1E-00027-00004181-00004330 [Even those that are physically active / My favorite Aiki and Kain] +_6dkoWMuj1E-00028-00004330-00004451 Even foreign celebrities have them. +_6dkoWMuj1E-00029-00004451-00004687 [(Kim Kardashian restored it by getting an elastic treatment)] The skin and belly button won't restore perfectly postpartum. +_6dkoWMuj1E-00030-00004687-00004784 But don't be sad. +_6dkoWMuj1E-00031-00004784-00004898 It wasn't yours to begin with! +_6dkoWMuj1E-00032-00005136-00005424 You received it from your mom, and now you are giving it to your child. +_6dkoWMuj1E-00033-00005424-00005526 [I got it from my mom, I see] +_6dkoWMuj1E-00034-00005756-00005947 [(It's worse to give and take back)] Bring back my belly button! +_6oheaAbfyQ-00000-00001330-00001436 [Kevin]: Roman, you're again the fat one +_6oheaAbfyQ-00001-00001530-00001630 [Roman]: Yes, naturally +_6oheaAbfyQ-00002-00001972-00002082 You know, how I look +_6oheaAbfyQ-00003-00002134-00002306 We already talked about that +_6oheaAbfyQ-00004-00002392-00002616 [K] But I don't look like a pinecone +_6oheaAbfyQ-00005-00002740-00002810 [R] You mean, like a cone? +_6oheaAbfyQ-00006-00002928-00003036 [K] Yeah like a cone +_6oheaAbfyQ-00007-00003110-00003200 [R] A suppository +_6oheaAbfyQ-00008-00003372-00003618 [K] A suppository maybe but not a cone. *And Roman is thinking* +_6oheaAbfyQ-00009-00004034-00004362 (R: Some parts were cut because this would be then a 30-minute-video) +_6oheaAbfyQ-00010-00004584-00004906 (R: But hey, we began with the 4th cahmber of the 4th chapter) +_6oheaAbfyQ-00011-00005546-00006184 (R: After we finished the 4th chapter, I played Sonic Mania again but there were no "in-the-video-putting"-parts) +_6oheaAbfyQ-00012-00006438-00006754 (R: And the audio cut out because... I don't know) +_6oheaAbfyQ-00013-00007450-00007773 (R: But next video will be a DDGTLC-video[in german, of course]) +_6oheaAbfyQ-00014-00009220-00009642 (R: And for the people, who wants to know how fast these parts are, it's 6-times) +_6oheaAbfyQ-00015-00010152-00010352 (R: And audio is back) +_6oheaAbfyQ-00016-00011296-00011546 (R: We really needed 30 minutes for this puzzle) +_6oheaAbfyQ-00017-00013513-00013802 (R: And now we got a plan) +_6oheaAbfyQ-00018-00017966-00018118 [R] *something*... the yellow one +_6oheaAbfyQ-00019-00018678-00018832 [R] EXACTLY A HALF HOUR +_6oheaAbfyQ-00020-00018868-00019106 [K] That was again a *Something with birth* +_6oheaAbfyQ-00021-00019226-00019334 [R] Yeah, that was... +_6oheaAbfyQ-00022-00019424-00019524 Yeah, we want +_6oheaAbfyQ-00023-00019740-00019890 [K] Wait a moment +_6oheaAbfyQ-00024-00022478-00022550 [R] Wait... +_6oheaAbfyQ-00025-00022990-00023292 An interesting thing I see there +_6oheaAbfyQ-00026-00023674-00023874 Ok. Press the button. Press the button +_6oheaAbfyQ-00027-00023942-00024026 On the button, now +_6oheaAbfyQ-00028-00024206-00024296 Stay on there +_6oheaAbfyQ-00029-00024974-00025194 Wait, wait. I come to you because... +_6oheaAbfyQ-00030-00025316-00025516 [K] I save the cube but kill you +_6oheaAbfyQ-00031-00025756-00025874 [R] And now we can... +_6oheaAbfyQ-00032-00026386-00026538 Yes. exactly what I wanted +_6oheaAbfyQ-00033-00026756-00027014 [K] Die Roman, die die die. +_6oheaAbfyQ-00034-00027036-00027086 *Fail* +_6oheaAbfyQ-00035-00027274-00027324 *Failbeep* +_6oheaAbfyQ-00036-00027486-00027627 [R] I go better, for security reasons +_6oheaAbfyQ-00037-00028074-00028186 Because NOW +_6oheaAbfyQ-00038-00028888-00029124 And we only took 4 minutes for that, nice +_6oheaAbfyQ-00039-00029202-00029314 (R: Is this a GTA reference?) +_6oheaAbfyQ-00040-00029852-00029902 What? +_6oheaAbfyQ-00041-00030195-00030277 Yes, I want... (R: Later..) +_6oheaAbfyQ-00042-00030733-00030848 You'd have to shoot the portals now... +_6oheaAbfyQ-00043-00030870-00031136 here and I go in there +_6oheaAbfyQ-00044-00031356-00031556 [K] But I can- Oh no no NO +_6oheaAbfyQ-00045-00032306-00032464 [K] Can I? Can I? Can I? +_6oheaAbfyQ-00046-00032550-00032738 [R] Wait a moment, I'm thinking the 'how' +_6oheaAbfyQ-00047-00033456-00033656 *Roman is thinking* +_6oheaAbfyQ-00048-00034204-00034404 Go through your portal, go through your portal +_6oheaAbfyQ-00049-00034464-00034562 Go through your portal +_6oheaAbfyQ-00050-00034592-00034666 The yellow one +_6oheaAbfyQ-00051-00035066-00035182 Now come over +_6oheaAbfyQ-00052-00035210-00035342 Now come over to me with the other +_6oheaAbfyQ-00053-00036250-00036464 [K] I didn't to anything but... +_6oheaAbfyQ-00054-00036580-00036650 [R] No. Yes, yes +_6oheaAbfyQ-00055-00036846-00036938 But somehow funny +_6oheaAbfyQ-00056-00037022-00037222 We took 30 minutes for the first one... +_6oheaAbfyQ-00057-00037340-00037390 ... and then... +_6oheaAbfyQ-00058-00037514-00037714 ... and the others in 2 minutes +_6oheaAbfyQ-00059-00037806-00037968 [K] It was even worse yesterday. +_6oheaAbfyQ-00060-00037968-00038086 We really were just +_6oheaAbfyQ-00061-00038106-00038306 *I don't know* a half hour +_6oheaAbfyQ-00062-00038718-00039046 [R] Yeah. A half hour asking "How can we do that?" +_6oheaAbfyQ-00063-00039082-00039438 and the answer was "We must crash into the other" +_6oheaAbfyQ-00064-00041664-00041756 [K] Wait, I jump down +_6oheaAbfyQ-00065-00042268-00042582 [GLaDOS] Yes i know, YOU did this Blue. Don't be so proud +_6oheaAbfyQ-00066-00042692-00042874 [R] I didn't do that. He commited suicide. (R: IN-GAME, YOUTUBE!) +_6oheaAbfyQ-00067-00043654-00044018 We must, somehow get over here with the beam +_6oheaAbfyQ-00068-00044378-00044690 But that is the problem because we can't +_6oheaAbfyQ-00069-00044828-00045296 I got the feeling, this takes another 30 minutes (R: Nope, it doesn't) +_6oheaAbfyQ-00070-00045730-00045856 And I'm too smal for... +_6oheaAbfyQ-00071-00046170-00046220 *Roman got an idea* +_6oheaAbfyQ-00072-00046674-00046844 Now I know, why it's like this +_6oheaAbfyQ-00073-00047466-00047586 Stay on that thing +_6oheaAbfyQ-00074-00047846-00047996 *Roman is now in the "Trollspiral"* +_6oheaAbfyQ-00075-00048110-00048224 On the button, on the button +_6oheaAbfyQ-00076-00048332-00048510 Stay on the damn button +_6oheaAbfyQ-00077-00048620-00048804 STAY ON THE BUTTON, KEVIN! +_6oheaAbfyQ-00078-00048918-00049152 [K] You're on the Trollspiral +_6oheaAbfyQ-00079-00049982-00050182 [R] Wait, wait, wait +_6oheaAbfyQ-00080-00050414-00050614 Go to... +_6oheaAbfyQ-00081-00050686-00050846 go to the spring +_6oheaAbfyQ-00082-00050964-00051070 I want to try something +_6oheaAbfyQ-00083-00051217-00051300 [K] Where? +_6oheaAbfyQ-00084-00051336-00051488 [R] To the spring over there +_6oheaAbfyQ-00085-00051584-00051784 On your side to the spring +_6oheaAbfyQ-00086-00052158-00052326 Yes, go to the spring (R: I hate saying things multiple times) +_6oheaAbfyQ-00087-00053078-00053260 [K] I'm out. You can stay here +_6oheaAbfyQ-00088-00053444-00053562 [R] Wait +_6oheaAbfyQ-00089-00053628-00053729 I try something +_6oheaAbfyQ-00090-00054148-00054258 [K] But I can do that +_6oheaAbfyQ-00091-00055812-00055917 No, I like my Roman *Roman is not amused* +_6oheaAbfyQ-00092-00057154-00057354 *aka Chamber 8* +_6oheaAbfyQ-00093-00058112-00058312 *Talking about Portal 2* +_6oheaAbfyQ-00094-00059286-00059438 [R] Wait, you make a portal here +_6oheaAbfyQ-00095-00059816-00059966 and then here +_6oheaAbfyQ-00096-00060772-00060972 Don't do something stubid +_6oheaAbfyQ-00097-00061996-00062196 *Thinking* +_6oheaAbfyQ-00098-00062340-00062494 I know now, I know now +_6oheaAbfyQ-00099-00062808-00063036 Right, now I'm playing "GameBoy" buuut... +_6oheaAbfyQ-00100-00063560-00063740 Now the game can start +_6oheaAbfyQ-00101-00064428-00064628 *Strategy* +_6oheaAbfyQ-00102-00068620-00068716 [K] Should I play or you? +_6oheaAbfyQ-00103-00068820-00068962 [R] No, no, no, I'm the "GameBoy"- +_6oheaAbfyQ-00104-00068998-00069150 "Gamemaster" here +_6oheaAbfyQ-00105-00074304-00074420 [K] KILL IT! KILL IT! +_6oheaAbfyQ-00106-00074824-00075032 I'm like GLaDos "KILL IT!" +_6oheaAbfyQ-00107-00079356-00079556 [R] Good, with the corpse +_6oheaAbfyQ-00108-00080572-00080924 *Thinking strategically for getting over there* +_6oheaAbfyQ-00109-00085532-00085630 [K] Gestures must be +_6oheaAbfyQ-00110-00085954-00086170 Without gestures, without me +_6oheaAbfyQ-00111-00086338-00086576 [R] A gesture without me is a gesture without you +_6oheaAbfyQ-00112-00088310-00088510 [K] Why am I dead? I didn't do anything. +_6oheaAbfyQ-00113-00089084-00089300 [R] OH MY SH*T, NO! +_6oheaAbfyQ-00114-00090558-00090620 *Fail a la Kevin* +_6oheaAbfyQ-00115-00090774-00090852 I hate you +_6oheaAbfyQ-00116-00091112-00091250 [K] I thought, I can make it +_6oheaAbfyQ-00117-00091466-00091722 [R] Yes. Or we could put A PORTAL OVER THERE! +_6oheaAbfyQ-00118-00093558-00093608 *Fail* +_6oheaAbfyQ-00119-00097164-00097262 What did you say? +_6oheaAbfyQ-00120-00097970-00098170 You shoot one from yours +_6oheaAbfyQ-00121-00103302-00103740 *Strategical thinking* +_6oheaAbfyQ-00122-00107250-00107300 *Roman got an idea* +_6oheaAbfyQ-00123-00119966-00120114 (R: The sixth was cut because it was a "I-try-something"-attempt) +_6oheaAbfyQ-00124-00122644-00123076 *Getting excited because of killing robots and getting a solution* +_6oheaAbfyQ-00125-00126424-00126474 *There-was-nothing-beep* +_6oheaAbfyQ-00126-00128638-00128711 [R] What did you say? +_6oheaAbfyQ-00127-00131030-00131258 *Kevin is sad but Roman is not amused* +_6oheaAbfyQ-00128-00132486-00132686 (R: There is something in the end!) +_6oheaAbfyQ-00129-00133598-00133930 [R] Thats why, THATS WHY I DIDN'T SAY ANYTHING +_6oheaAbfyQ-00130-00133930-00134108 because I thought you were smart +_6oheaAbfyQ-00131-00134180-00134288 But NO +_6oheaAbfyQ-00132-00134344-00134544 Kevin has to be a Kevin +_qqSYKlsVlo-00000-00000018-00000362 This is the second step in Section 3: How Do We Do Biomimicry? +_qqSYKlsVlo-00001-00000393-00001039 Biomimicry is essentiallytranslation and a critical step in translatingis looking at the function and the context. +_qqSYKlsVlo-00002-00001164-00001681 The purpose of this section is to understand how biomimicry bridges design and biology +_qqSYKlsVlo-00003-00001695-00001966 usingfunction and context. +_qqSYKlsVlo-00004-00002046-00002376 Biomimicry is essentiallya translation process translating +_qqSYKlsVlo-00005-00002376-00002673 ideas fromnature into design applications +_qqSYKlsVlo-00006-00002673-00002942 we use theword design here to mean anything +_qqSYKlsVlo-00007-00002942-00003368 that wecreate or design whether a product, process, or a team, or an organization +_qqSYKlsVlo-00008-00003462-00003990 and essentiallyit's a language translation because differentdisciplines use different jargon or terminology. +_qqSYKlsVlo-00009-00004134-00004716 The key is to create a bridge between the biological organism or system and the design application. +_qqSYKlsVlo-00010-00004745-00005220 In biomimicry, the bridge is aroundwhat the organism and what the design is doing. +_qqSYKlsVlo-00011-00005238-00005561 We call this the verb or the function. +_qqSYKlsVlo-00012-00005598-00005847 The secondpart of the bridge is the context. +_qqSYKlsVlo-00013-00005865-00006246 What are theoperating conditions that the organism orecosystem is functioning in +_qqSYKlsVlo-00014-00006246-00006695 and what arethe operating conditions that your designis functioning in and how are these similar? +_qqSYKlsVlo-00015-00006894-00007406 For example, a function is a verb meaning whatit is doing, the noun is what its name is +_qqSYKlsVlo-00016-00007406-00007858 so acactus and a water bottle have different namesbut they're both doing the same thing +_qqSYKlsVlo-00017-00007858-00008100 which has a function of storing liquids. +_qqSYKlsVlo-00018-00008100-00008710 A firefly anda light bulb are different nouns but they both do the same function which is the verbcreate light. +_qqSYKlsVlo-00019-00008710-00009089 Shark skin and antibacterial soap are two different nouns. +_qqSYKlsVlo-00020-00009089-00009426 but they both dothe same function which is to manage bacteria. +_qqSYKlsVlo-00021-00009600-00010122 So imagine you were given the task of creating abiomimetic air conditioning system for a building. +_qqSYKlsVlo-00022-00010176-00010440 If you would ask, are there any air conditioners innature? +_qqSYKlsVlo-00023-00010440-00010793 it would be difficult to find one becausean airconditioner is a noun +_qqSYKlsVlo-00024-00010902-00011376 so instead, you ask whatdoes the air conditioner do, you find its function +_qqSYKlsVlo-00025-00011376-00011529 it regulates temperature +_qqSYKlsVlo-00026-00011574-00011916 then you can ask, is there anything in nature that regulates temperature? +_qqSYKlsVlo-00027-00012054-00012560 and you would find that there are literallythousands of examples of how nature regulates temperature. +_qqSYKlsVlo-00028-00012690-00013031 In order to narrow down and focus your biological research +_qqSYKlsVlo-00029-00013031-00013406 you need to also define what operating conditions or context +_qqSYKlsVlo-00030-00013406-00013651 your designneeds to function within. +_qqSYKlsVlo-00031-00013756-00014296 Context is critical and includes both the local socio-economic andtechnological contexts +_qqSYKlsVlo-00032-00014296-00014700 and in biomimicry design, we include the big-picture context as well. +_qqSYKlsVlo-00033-00014795-00015140 You wantto search for organisms and ecosystems that meet that function +_qqSYKlsVlo-00034-00015140-00015532 in the same operating conditionsthat your design will be functioning within. +_qqSYKlsVlo-00035-00015655-00016104 When you're designing a building that isn't going tomove, the best place to start is to ask the locals. +_qqSYKlsVlo-00036-00016104-00016500 If all the locals are burrowing underground thenmaybe you should do the same with your buildings. +_qqSYKlsVlo-00037-00016554-00017042 If you're building foundations in sand, then lookto the organisms that are experts at that +_qqSYKlsVlo-00038-00017066-00017540 If yourbuilding is in a hurricane zone, then look to thepalm trees that remain standing after a hurricane. +_qqSYKlsVlo-00039-00017676-00018090 So if your air conditioning system needs tomanage the temperature fluctuations in Zimbabwe +_qqSYKlsVlo-00040-00018090-00018492 then look to the local Zimbabwe organismsthat are experts at managing temperature. +_qqSYKlsVlo-00041-00018582-00018921 So our biomimicry inspiration can zoom in onto termite mounds +_qqSYKlsVlo-00042-00018921-00019410 that are able tomaintain a stable temperature in Zimbabwewhile housing thousands of ants inside +_qqSYKlsVlo-00043-00019620-00020065 so Zimbabwean architect, Nick Pierce figuredout how to regulate the temperature of a building +_qqSYKlsVlo-00044-00020065-00020473 by mimicking the way termitesregulate the temperature of their mounds. +_qqSYKlsVlo-00045-00020496-00020940 The building is the Eastgate Center in Harare and it consumes less than 50% +_qqSYKlsVlo-00046-00020940-00021343 of the energy used in conventionallyair-conditioned buildings in the area. +_qqSYKlsVlo-00047-00021456-00022020 In biology, a well-adapted biological strategy must meet the functional needs of the organism +_qqSYKlsVlo-00048-00022020-00022427 in the context in which it lives in order to contribute to its success. +_qqSYKlsVlo-00049-00022454-00022817 Therefore in biomimicry thinking, a well-adapted designstrategy +_qqSYKlsVlo-00050-00022817-00023067 must meet the functional needs of the design challenge +_qqSYKlsVlo-00051-00023067-00023467 in the context in whichit lives in order to contribute to its success +_qqSYKlsVlo-00052-00023586-00023902 and that is why identifying function and context +_qqSYKlsVlo-00053-00023902-00024198 is a bridge between biology and design +_qqSYKlsVlo-00054-00024198-00024576 anda critical step in the translation process ofbiomimicry. +_qqSYKlsVlo-00055-00024712-00024987 One of the purposes of biomimicry isto create designs +_qqSYKlsVlo-00056-00024987-00025191 that are well adapted to context. +_qqSYKlsVlo-00057-00025191-00025452 The same function can be met in different ways +_qqSYKlsVlo-00058-00025452-00025764 orusing different strategies in different contexts. +_qqSYKlsVlo-00059-00025764-00026040 For example, the function of being a bird in thedesert +_qqSYKlsVlo-00060-00026040-00026419 where there's very scarce resources is made with a completely different strategy +_qqSYKlsVlo-00061-00026419-00026713 than thefunction of being a bird in the Amazon rainforest +_qqSYKlsVlo-00062-00026713-00026913 where there are an abundance of resources. +_qqSYKlsVlo-00063-00027042-00027539 The function of filtering water when it involvesparticulates is made with a different strategy +_qqSYKlsVlo-00064-00027539-00027906 than the function of filtering waterwhen it's filled with dissolved salts. +_qqSYKlsVlo-00065-00028026-00028295 Applying biomimicry thinking to human design +_qqSYKlsVlo-00066-00028295-00028740 thefunction of providing energy in the context of 20th century economics +_qqSYKlsVlo-00067-00028740-00029106 is going to be met with adifferent strategy than the function of providing +_qqSYKlsVlo-00068-00029106-00029515 energy in the context of 21st-century economics. +_qqSYKlsVlo-00069-00029619-00029916 For example, when BP defined itself as a petroleum company +_qqSYKlsVlo-00070-00029916-00030172 it called itself British Petroleum +_qqSYKlsVlo-00071-00030213-00030587 but intoday's world, they realized they needed to name themselves Beyond Petroleum +_qqSYKlsVlo-00072-00030587-00030880 and focus on theircore function of providing energy. +_qqSYKlsVlo-00073-00030880-00031269 In that way,they can meet the function of providing energy indifferent ways +_qqSYKlsVlo-00074-00031269-00031469 depending on the changing contexts. +_qqSYKlsVlo-00075-00031620-00031840 This trend is happening in many different industries +_qqSYKlsVlo-00076-00031840-00032245 as industries realize if they define themselves based on their serviceor function +_qqSYKlsVlo-00077-00032245-00032481 they can evolve to fit any context +_qqSYKlsVlo-00078-00032481-00032837 rather than carpets provide coveredfloors then you can recycle them +_qqSYKlsVlo-00079-00032837-00033128 rather thanhotels provide rooms like Airbnb +_qqSYKlsVlo-00080-00033128-00033558 rather thancars provide mobility like Uber and Zipcars +_qqSYKlsVlo-00081-00033696-00034226 so applying biomimicry thinking to your business, what's the core function of your company or department +_qqSYKlsVlo-00082-00034226-00034593 and is your company able to adapt tochanging contexts? +_qqSYKlsVlo-00083-00034629-00035081 Using function rather than noun, you can adapt your strategy to meet different contexts +_qqSYKlsVlo-00084-00035122-00035614 and you can also find inspiration from the natural world to innovate using biomimicry. +_qqSYKlsVlo-00085-00035711-00036123 Insummary, biomimicry is essentially a translation step or a bridge +_qqSYKlsVlo-00086-00036123-00036321 between biology and design. +_qqSYKlsVlo-00087-00036321-00036825 A critical translation step in biomimicry includes identifying function and context +_qqSYKlsVlo-00088-00036825-00037187 andthis works from biology to design and vice versa. +_rRVN35gDeo-00000-00000010-00000060 BOTH GAMES FRIDAY AND SATURDAY +_rRVN35gDeo-00001-00000060-00000066 BOTH GAMES FRIDAY AND SATURDAY +_rRVN35gDeo-00002-00000066-00000180 BOTH GAMES FRIDAY AND SATURDAY SET TO START AT 7:07 AT THE +_rRVN35gDeo-00003-00000180-00000186 BOTH GAMES FRIDAY AND SATURDAY SET TO START AT 7:07 AT THE +_rRVN35gDeo-00004-00000186-00000457 BOTH GAMES FRIDAY AND SATURDAY SET TO START AT 7:07 AT THE SANFORD CENTER. +_rRVN35gDeo-00005-00000457-00000463 SET TO START AT 7:07 AT THE SANFORD CENTER. +_rRVN35gDeo-00006-00000463-00000600 SET TO START AT 7:07 AT THE SANFORD CENTER. >> COLLIN: ON THE WOMEN'S SIDE, +_rRVN35gDeo-00007-00000600-00000607 SANFORD CENTER. >> COLLIN: ON THE WOMEN'S SIDE, +_rRVN35gDeo-00008-00000607-00000714 SANFORD CENTER. >> COLLIN: ON THE WOMEN'S SIDE, ANOTHER WEEK AND ANOTHER RANKED +_rRVN35gDeo-00009-00000714-00000720 >> COLLIN: ON THE WOMEN'S SIDE, ANOTHER WEEK AND ANOTHER RANKED +_rRVN35gDeo-00010-00000720-00000777 >> COLLIN: ON THE WOMEN'S SIDE, ANOTHER WEEK AND ANOTHER RANKED OPPONENT ON THE SCHEDULE. +_rRVN35gDeo-00011-00000777-00000784 ANOTHER WEEK AND ANOTHER RANKED OPPONENT ON THE SCHEDULE. +_rRVN35gDeo-00012-00000784-00000927 ANOTHER WEEK AND ANOTHER RANKED OPPONENT ON THE SCHEDULE. THIS MAY BE THE TOUGHEST TEST +_rRVN35gDeo-00013-00000927-00000934 OPPONENT ON THE SCHEDULE. THIS MAY BE THE TOUGHEST TEST +_rRVN35gDeo-00014-00000934-00000970 OPPONENT ON THE SCHEDULE. THIS MAY BE THE TOUGHEST TEST YET. +_rRVN35gDeo-00015-00000970-00000977 THIS MAY BE THE TOUGHEST TEST YET. +_rRVN35gDeo-00016-00000977-00001071 THIS MAY BE THE TOUGHEST TEST YET. ON THE ROAD FRIDAY AND SATURDAY +_rRVN35gDeo-00017-00001071-00001077 YET. ON THE ROAD FRIDAY AND SATURDAY +_rRVN35gDeo-00018-00001077-00001161 YET. ON THE ROAD FRIDAY AND SATURDAY AGAINST NO. 1 WISCONSIN. +_rRVN35gDeo-00019-00001161-00001167 ON THE ROAD FRIDAY AND SATURDAY AGAINST NO. 1 WISCONSIN. +_rRVN35gDeo-00020-00001167-00001317 ON THE ROAD FRIDAY AND SATURDAY AGAINST NO. 1 WISCONSIN. THE BADGERS 8 AND 0 ON THE +_rRVN35gDeo-00021-00001317-00001324 AGAINST NO. 1 WISCONSIN. THE BADGERS 8 AND 0 ON THE +_rRVN35gDeo-00022-00001324-00001481 AGAINST NO. 1 WISCONSIN. THE BADGERS 8 AND 0 ON THE SEASON SO FAR, BUT THE BEAVERS +_rRVN35gDeo-00023-00001481-00001488 THE BADGERS 8 AND 0 ON THE SEASON SO FAR, BUT THE BEAVERS +_rRVN35gDeo-00024-00001488-00001978 THE BADGERS 8 AND 0 ON THE SEASON SO FAR, BUT THE BEAVERS ARE EXCITED FOR THE OPPORTUNITY. +_rRVN35gDeo-00025-00001978-00001985 SEASON SO FAR, BUT THE BEAVERS ARE EXCITED FOR THE OPPORTUNITY. +_rRVN35gDeo-00026-00001985-00002155 SEASON SO FAR, BUT THE BEAVERS ARE EXCITED FOR THE OPPORTUNITY. >> THEY PLAY VERY WELL, HAVE A +_rRVN35gDeo-00027-00002155-00002162 ARE EXCITED FOR THE OPPORTUNITY. >> THEY PLAY VERY WELL, HAVE A +_rRVN35gDeo-00028-00002162-00002242 ARE EXCITED FOR THE OPPORTUNITY. >> THEY PLAY VERY WELL, HAVE A GREAT CROWD. +_rRVN35gDeo-00029-00002242-00002248 >> THEY PLAY VERY WELL, HAVE A GREAT CROWD. +_rRVN35gDeo-00030-00002248-00002372 >> THEY PLAY VERY WELL, HAVE A GREAT CROWD. IT'S A FUN ENVIRONMENT TO PLAY +_rRVN35gDeo-00031-00002372-00002379 GREAT CROWD. IT'S A FUN ENVIRONMENT TO PLAY +_rRVN35gDeo-00032-00002379-00002549 GREAT CROWD. IT'S A FUN ENVIRONMENT TO PLAY IN, TO BE HONEST WITH YOU, +_rRVN35gDeo-00033-00002549-00002555 IT'S A FUN ENVIRONMENT TO PLAY IN, TO BE HONEST WITH YOU, +_rRVN35gDeo-00034-00002555-00002802 IT'S A FUN ENVIRONMENT TO PLAY IN, TO BE HONEST WITH YOU, GENERALLY A VERY, VERY PACKED +_rRVN35gDeo-00035-00002802-00002809 IN, TO BE HONEST WITH YOU, GENERALLY A VERY, VERY PACKED +_rRVN35gDeo-00036-00002809-00002849 IN, TO BE HONEST WITH YOU, GENERALLY A VERY, VERY PACKED HOUSE. +_rRVN35gDeo-00037-00002849-00002856 GENERALLY A VERY, VERY PACKED HOUSE. +_rRVN35gDeo-00038-00002856-00002982 GENERALLY A VERY, VERY PACKED HOUSE. SO FROM THAT STANDPOINT, IT'S +_rRVN35gDeo-00039-00002982-00002989 HOUSE. SO FROM THAT STANDPOINT, IT'S +_rRVN35gDeo-00040-00002989-00003039 HOUSE. SO FROM THAT STANDPOINT, IT'S EXCITING. +_rRVN35gDeo-00041-00003039-00003046 SO FROM THAT STANDPOINT, IT'S EXCITING. +_rRVN35gDeo-00042-00003046-00003159 SO FROM THAT STANDPOINT, IT'S EXCITING. BUT AGAIN, YOU'RE GOING AGAINST +_rRVN35gDeo-00043-00003159-00003166 EXCITING. BUT AGAIN, YOU'RE GOING AGAINST +_rRVN35gDeo-00044-00003166-00003273 EXCITING. BUT AGAIN, YOU'RE GOING AGAINST A VERY GOOD TEAM. +_rRVN35gDeo-00045-00003273-00003279 BUT AGAIN, YOU'RE GOING AGAINST A VERY GOOD TEAM. +_rRVN35gDeo-00046-00003279-00003393 BUT AGAIN, YOU'RE GOING AGAINST A VERY GOOD TEAM. >> WE'RE ALL JUST KIND OF +_rRVN35gDeo-00047-00003393-00003400 A VERY GOOD TEAM. >> WE'RE ALL JUST KIND OF +_rRVN35gDeo-00048-00003400-00003686 A VERY GOOD TEAM. >> WE'RE ALL JUST KIND OF GETTING PREPARED AND -- I DON'T +_rRVN35gDeo-00049-00003686-00003693 >> WE'RE ALL JUST KIND OF GETTING PREPARED AND -- I DON'T +_rRVN35gDeo-00050-00003693-00003717 >> WE'RE ALL JUST KIND OF GETTING PREPARED AND -- I DON'T KNOW. +_rRVN35gDeo-00051-00003717-00003723 GETTING PREPARED AND -- I DON'T KNOW. +_rRVN35gDeo-00052-00003723-00003840 GETTING PREPARED AND -- I DON'T KNOW. JITTERS WILL HIT US LATER ON, +_rRVN35gDeo-00053-00003840-00003847 KNOW. JITTERS WILL HIT US LATER ON, +_rRVN35gDeo-00054-00003847-00004033 KNOW. JITTERS WILL HIT US LATER ON, BUT I THINK THE UPPERCLASSMEN +_rRVN35gDeo-00055-00004033-00004040 JITTERS WILL HIT US LATER ON, BUT I THINK THE UPPERCLASSMEN +_rRVN35gDeo-00056-00004040-00004174 JITTERS WILL HIT US LATER ON, BUT I THINK THE UPPERCLASSMEN WILL HELP US CALM DOWN A LITTLE +_rRVN35gDeo-00057-00004174-00004180 BUT I THINK THE UPPERCLASSMEN WILL HELP US CALM DOWN A LITTLE +_rRVN35gDeo-00058-00004180-00004274 BUT I THINK THE UPPERCLASSMEN WILL HELP US CALM DOWN A LITTLE BIT, AND SEEING ALL OF THOSE +_rRVN35gDeo-00059-00004274-00004280 WILL HELP US CALM DOWN A LITTLE BIT, AND SEEING ALL OF THOSE +_rRVN35gDeo-00060-00004280-00004497 WILL HELP US CALM DOWN A LITTLE BIT, AND SEEING ALL OF THOSE FANS IN THERE, MAYBE WE CAN COME +_rRVN35gDeo-00061-00004497-00004504 BIT, AND SEEING ALL OF THOSE FANS IN THERE, MAYBE WE CAN COME +_rRVN35gDeo-00062-00004504-00004724 BIT, AND SEEING ALL OF THOSE FANS IN THERE, MAYBE WE CAN COME OUT WITH A W. +_rRVN35gDeo-00063-00004724-00004731 FANS IN THERE, MAYBE WE CAN COME OUT WITH A W. +_rRVN35gDeo-00064-00004731-00004794 FANS IN THERE, MAYBE WE CAN COME OUT WITH A W. >> COLLIN: ANOTHER TOUGH ONE +_ygsuDZSTa8-00000-00000000-00000476 All right, Bible Warfare, How to Defend Your Faith. This is lesson number nine in +_ygsuDZSTa8-00001-00000476-00000849 the series, What Other Religions Teach About Salvation, +_ygsuDZSTa8-00002-00000849-00001209 What Other Religions Teach About Salvation. +_ygsuDZSTa8-00003-00001209-00001710 If you've noticed, most of our questions in the series had to do with +_ygsuDZSTa8-00004-00001710-00002214 church issues. Well, obviously people want to know things about the church. +_ygsuDZSTa8-00005-00002214-00002826 Who is the true church; or why do we do what we do in the church of Christ; or do +_ygsuDZSTa8-00006-00002826-00003198 we have to attend and where should we worship and how should we? Those +_ygsuDZSTa8-00007-00003198-00003647 are the usual questions when we have this kind of class. And then there are +_ygsuDZSTa8-00008-00003647-00004121 also a lot of questions on salvation. And I think that's normal, because salvation +_ygsuDZSTa8-00009-00004121-00004655 is an important issue. Remember the one we started +_ygsuDZSTa8-00010-00004655-00004995 with? Why do people in the church of Christ think they're the only +_ygsuDZSTa8-00011-00004995-00005577 ones saved? That gets asked all the time. Is baptism necessary for +_ygsuDZSTa8-00012-00005577-00006177 salvation? We talked about that a couple of times so far. Can you be lost once +_ygsuDZSTa8-00013-00006177-00006639 you're saved? So those are the general questions, probably the most asked +_ygsuDZSTa8-00014-00006639-00007148 questions in this type of class, because these are the questions on the mind of +_ygsuDZSTa8-00015-00007148-00007758 people who attend church regularly. They think about these things. So the +_ygsuDZSTa8-00016-00007758-00008336 questions about church, are the ones that are debated among those who +_ygsuDZSTa8-00017-00008336-00008670 call themselves Christians. Christians will debate with each other +_ygsuDZSTa8-00018-00008670-00009054 how is it, what's proper worship? Well, two Christians +_ygsuDZSTa8-00019-00009054-00009675 are going to talk about that. Who is the true church, the role of baptisms, the +_ygsuDZSTa8-00020-00009675-00010077 role of women in the church. Again, the believers are going to be debating those +_ygsuDZSTa8-00021-00010077-00010656 type of things. You need to remember, of course, that the closer you are to what +_ygsuDZSTa8-00022-00010656-00011093 the Bible actually teaches on these subjects, the stronger your argument. +_ygsuDZSTa8-00023-00011093-00011660 You're always going to be able to come back with what the Bible teaches. I've +_ygsuDZSTa8-00024-00011660-00012104 repeated the idea that it's not about the size of the church or the +_ygsuDZSTa8-00025-00012104-00012582 group, it's not about tradition or name recognition when it comes to these +_ygsuDZSTa8-00026-00012582-00013152 type of matters, these type of questions. It's always about Bible accuracy. +_ygsuDZSTa8-00027-00013152-00013752 Christianity is based on the Bible. The example I give is the +_ygsuDZSTa8-00028-00013752-00014229 Roman Catholic Church, something I know about because I grew up as a Catholic, in +_ygsuDZSTa8-00029-00014229-00014700 a place where most of the people were Roman Catholics. So you've got the Roman +_ygsuDZSTa8-00030-00014700-00015279 Catholic Church, which is huge, it's old, has name recognition all over +_ygsuDZSTa8-00031-00015279-00015995 the world, but none of these things enhances its weak doctrinal positions on +_ygsuDZSTa8-00032-00015995-00016533 subjects like baptism or other matters. The organization of the +_ygsuDZSTa8-00033-00016533-00017115 church, ideas and teachings that are settled by biblical accuracy, not how big +_ygsuDZSTa8-00034-00017115-00017787 your church is, not how old your church is, not how spectacular +_ygsuDZSTa8-00035-00017787-00018290 your worship service is. That counts for nothing when it comes to answering +_ygsuDZSTa8-00036-00018290-00018753 important Bible questions. The important thing is what does the Bible teach. +_ygsuDZSTa8-00037-00018753-00019233 I keep reminding you of that idea. So in discussing differences with fellow +_ygsuDZSTa8-00038-00019233-00019860 believers, it's important that you stick with the Bible as your base and proof, +_ygsuDZSTa8-00039-00019860-00020298 okay. So that's a bit of a review of what we've been talking about. Now, the +_ygsuDZSTa8-00040-00020298-00020919 questions of salvation are discussed also by believers, but the real +_ygsuDZSTa8-00041-00020919-00021459 conflict comes when discussing salvation issues with people who are not +_ygsuDZSTa8-00042-00021459-00021932 Christians. I don't mean they haven't become Christians yet. I mean, they're not +_ygsuDZSTa8-00043-00021932-00022323 Christians. They're of a completely other religion. +_ygsuDZSTa8-00044-00022323-00023028 So there are 12 major organized religions in the world, in the history of +_ygsuDZSTa8-00045-00023028-00023406 the world. Some people say, are you kidding? Only 12? I thought there were +_ygsuDZSTa8-00046-00023406-00024020 hundreds or thousands. Well, there are, but there are only really 12 main groups and +_ygsuDZSTa8-00047-00024020-00024732 all of the other religions are kind of branches of different +_ygsuDZSTa8-00048-00024732-00025304 groups. And so, 12 major organized religions in the history of mankind. +_ygsuDZSTa8-00049-00025304-00026195 However, each one of these has its own view of heaven and salvation. Because the +_ygsuDZSTa8-00050-00026195-00026655 idea of being saved, we say saved, but the idea of going to heaven or being +_ygsuDZSTa8-00051-00026655-00027139 with God, no matter how you explain that, is part of every religion. +_ygsuDZSTa8-00052-00027139-00027689 Every religious group has a particular teaching on how does somebody go to +_ygsuDZSTa8-00053-00027689-00028239 heaven, or how does somebody live after death, or whatever. And so, it's +_ygsuDZSTa8-00054-00028239-00028650 difficult when discussing with someone of a completely other religion, the idea +_ygsuDZSTa8-00055-00028650-00029255 of salvation. So in order to help you kind of work your way through that, +_ygsuDZSTa8-00056-00029255-00029976 tonight I want to go over, in a very brief way, the salvation concept in every +_ygsuDZSTa8-00057-00029976-00030495 one of the major religions in the world, all in 30 minutes. We are going to be +_ygsuDZSTa8-00058-00030495-00031152 flying here. One thing I need to mention, when you're studying religions and +_ygsuDZSTa8-00059-00031152-00031527 you're comparing them, they call that a comparative religious studies. You're +_ygsuDZSTa8-00060-00031527-00032073 comparing one religion to another. The way that they list religions is by +_ygsuDZSTa8-00061-00032073-00032733 geography. So you have Eastern religions, Far Eastern religions, Near +_ygsuDZSTa8-00062-00032733-00033252 Eastern. It's always broken down by geography. So that's how we're +_ygsuDZSTa8-00063-00033252-00033927 going to do it tonight. And so, we're going to begin with Near Eastern +_ygsuDZSTa8-00064-00033927-00034749 religions. In this group, first group, is Zoroastrianism, a very ancient religion, +_ygsuDZSTa8-00065-00034749-00035580 nearly extinct. There are still some that practice Zoroastrianism in the world +_ygsuDZSTa8-00066-00035580-00036624 today. It is a religion that comes from Iran. It's also from India, Afghanistan. Their idea +_ygsuDZSTa8-00067-00036624-00037391 of salvation is the individual struggles against evil, and if that individual wins +_ygsuDZSTa8-00068-00037391-00038072 over evil, then they go into the place called heaven. That's their concept of +_ygsuDZSTa8-00069-00038072-00038639 salvation: a winning struggle against evil in one's life. +_ygsuDZSTa8-00070-00038639-00039366 Judaism, again, considered a Near Eastern religion. We know the source is Israel, of +_ygsuDZSTa8-00071-00039366-00040002 course. And there are Jews all over the world. In Judaism today, the nation itself +_ygsuDZSTa8-00072-00040002-00040574 is chosen by God, and as part of the nation you're saved. +_ygsuDZSTa8-00073-00040574-00041063 The idea is that if you're a Jew, a faithful Jew, and +_ygsuDZSTa8-00074-00041063-00041586 part of the nation, then you're subject to the reward. Now different groups +_ygsuDZSTa8-00075-00041586-00042200 within Judaism have different ideas. Some don't believe that there's any afterlife, +_ygsuDZSTa8-00076-00042200-00043091 some do believe that there is one, but the idea about salvation is always the +_ygsuDZSTa8-00077-00043091-00043591 same from group to group: you have to be part of the group in order to have +_ygsuDZSTa8-00078-00043591-00044190 salvation. Christianity, this is why I said it's grouped by geography, so +_ygsuDZSTa8-00079-00044190-00044600 Christianity is considered a Near Eastern religion because it started +_ygsuDZSTa8-00080-00044600-00045486 in Israel. Of course, it has spread all over the world. Basically, the idea of +_ygsuDZSTa8-00081-00045486-00045978 salvation in Christianity is that salvation is a gift from God based on +_ygsuDZSTa8-00082-00045978-00046440 faith in Jesus Christ. That's as compressed as I can +_ygsuDZSTa8-00083-00046440-00046809 make it. I know somebody will say, well what about baptism? +_ygsuDZSTa8-00084-00046809-00047240 Well, sure. How do you express that faith? Well, you express it in +_ygsuDZSTa8-00085-00047240-00047615 repentance and baptism. But if you're going to just give a +_ygsuDZSTa8-00086-00047615-00048181 very brief succinct definition of salvation for Christianity, +_ygsuDZSTa8-00087-00048181-00048703 it's a gift from God accessed through faith in Jesus Christ. +_ygsuDZSTa8-00088-00048703-00049622 All right, next group, Eastern religions. Three of those. The first is Islam from +_ygsuDZSTa8-00089-00049622-00050319 the Middle East, of course, Africa and now all over the world. For Islam, salvation +_ygsuDZSTa8-00090-00050319-00050978 is accessed by practicing and repeating the five pillars. The five pillars of +_ygsuDZSTa8-00091-00050978-00052032 Islam are: fasting, pilgrimage, giving alms, prayer, prayer five times a day, +_ygsuDZSTa8-00092-00052032-00052802 and confessing that Muhammad is the Prophet. A continual +_ygsuDZSTa8-00093-00052802-00053441 practice of these things, a faithful practice of these things is what saves +_ygsuDZSTa8-00094-00053441-00053694 you. An interesting thing about Islam, there's never +_ygsuDZSTa8-00095-00053694-00054516 really a hundred percent sure thing. If you talk to Muslims, they'll +_ygsuDZSTa8-00096-00054516-00054810 say, well you can be saved, but if you're not, praise Allah +_ygsuDZSTa8-00097-00054810-00055466 anyways. So in Islam, you can do all the right things and still maybe not make it, +_ygsuDZSTa8-00098-00055466-00055986 because Allah thinks you're deficient in some way or another, that no one else is +_ygsuDZSTa8-00099-00055986-00056700 aware of but you, but he's aware of. In the Islamic religion, the only one +_ygsuDZSTa8-00100-00056700-00057536 hundred percent sure way to be in paradise is through death through jihad. +_ygsuDZSTa8-00101-00057536-00058359 That's the only one hundred percent sure way to be in paradise - that you die while +_ygsuDZSTa8-00102-00058359-00059301 fighting disbelievers. And the disbelievers are us, which may +_ygsuDZSTa8-00103-00059301-00059760 explain some of the allure. You wonder, why are some young, perfectly +_ygsuDZSTa8-00104-00059760-00060144 healthy young men blowing themselves up. What's behind that? +_ygsuDZSTa8-00105-00060144-00060951 Well, in a lot of the country, unemployment is eighty percent. In Islam, +_ygsuDZSTa8-00106-00060951-00061316 you have to have a dowry, you have to have money, you have to have something in +_ygsuDZSTa8-00107-00061316-00061991 order to have a wife. And if you don't, you don't get a wife. So with very dim +_ygsuDZSTa8-00108-00061991-00062871 prospects of work, success, personal fulfillment, with very difficult +_ygsuDZSTa8-00109-00062871-00063360 prospects of having a wife or finding a wife if you're poor or don't +_ygsuDZSTa8-00110-00063360-00064266 have a lot of education, dying in a blaze of glory with the absolute guarantee +_ygsuDZSTa8-00111-00064266-00064839 that you will be in paradise begins to look pretty good, especially if +_ygsuDZSTa8-00112-00064839-00065404 the leaders who are setting you up to blow yourself up +_ygsuDZSTa8-00113-00065404-00066177 pay your family a certain amount of money. Alright, so there's not just +_ygsuDZSTa8-00114-00066177-00066753 religious zeal behind suicide bombers, there's also the economic idea +_ygsuDZSTa8-00115-00066753-00067193 and the social pressure on a lot of young men and young +_ygsuDZSTa8-00116-00067193-00067700 women. But basically, salvation is accessed through the practice of the +_ygsuDZSTa8-00117-00067700-00068414 five pillars. Hinduism, of course, in India. Hinduism, the idea of salvation or the +_ygsuDZSTa8-00118-00068414-00068912 way to salvation is by eliminating evil in your life, until you are pure +_ygsuDZSTa8-00119-00068912-00069908 enough to merge with Brahma. In Hinduism, God does not have an individual +_ygsuDZSTa8-00120-00069908-00070469 personality, it is a force. You know in the Star Wars, in these movies, the force +_ygsuDZSTa8-00121-00070469-00070830 be with you. And people are saying, wow, what a concept. Where did they get that +_ygsuDZSTa8-00122-00070830-00071243 from? Well they got it from Hinduism. That's where they got it from. The force +_ygsuDZSTa8-00123-00071243-00071861 be with you. That's the whole idea behind the Eastern religion, a great force. And +_ygsuDZSTa8-00124-00071861-00072711 of course, you continue to keep trying, life after life after life, to +_ygsuDZSTa8-00125-00072711-00073242 purify yourself before you finally - why do you think they're not, you're +_ygsuDZSTa8-00126-00073242-00073743 not allowed to kill a cow? People are starving in places, but you +_ygsuDZSTa8-00127-00073743-00074555 can't kill a cow, because many believe that the cow is the last reincarnation +_ygsuDZSTa8-00128-00074555-00075194 that you are transformed into before the next step of being taken up and +_ygsuDZSTa8-00129-00075194-00075474 merging with Brahma. So they don't want to spoil +_ygsuDZSTa8-00130-00075474-00076019 somebody's chance. Even to this day, I read an article a little while back that +_ygsuDZSTa8-00131-00076019-00076455 there was a big argument about this with the government. And the +_ygsuDZSTa8-00132-00076455-00076854 government came down on the side of their religious tradition and +_ygsuDZSTa8-00133-00076854-00077419 history. You still can't destroy these animals for food. +_ygsuDZSTa8-00134-00077419-00078111 Another religion, Sikhism, also in India. Sikhism is an amalgamation of several of +_ygsuDZSTa8-00135-00078111-00078614 these Indian religions, so they have similar things. In Sikhism, they're +_ygsuDZSTa8-00136-00078614-00079080 the individuals that wear the little sword and the +_ygsuDZSTa8-00137-00079080-00080025 turban. In Sikhism, repeating God's name and the love of mankind will bring you +_ygsuDZSTa8-00138-00080025-00080502 to the same objective as the Hindu religion. The big difference +_ygsuDZSTa8-00139-00080502-00081315 between Hinduism and Sikhism is more social and political. In Hinduism you +_ygsuDZSTa8-00140-00081315-00081711 have the caste system, where you have the different stations +_ygsuDZSTa8-00141-00081711-00082101 in life. And if you're born into that station, that's where you stay. You can't +_ygsuDZSTa8-00142-00082101-00082710 move up or down. Sikhism was a push to maintain some of the same ideas of +_ygsuDZSTa8-00143-00082710-00083625 Hinduism, without the caste system. There's no caste system in Sikhism. So those +_ygsuDZSTa8-00144-00083625-00084242 are the Eastern religions. Then you have the Far Eastern religions. There are four of those. +_ygsuDZSTa8-00145-00084242-00084984 One is Confucianism in China. Confucius, not really a religion, but it's +_ygsuDZSTa8-00146-00084984-00085617 considered a religion for study purposes. It's more political or social. It's a +_ygsuDZSTa8-00147-00085617-00086403 social system, if you wish. But the belief is social conformity and virtuous living +_ygsuDZSTa8-00148-00086403-00087192 will give you heaven on earth. You wonder sometimes, you look at China and the +_ygsuDZSTa8-00149-00087192-00087528 things that they do, public things, and what do they have? +_ygsuDZSTa8-00150-00087528-00088022 Well, what do we have here in the West? Well, we have fire crackers, we have +_ygsuDZSTa8-00151-00088022-00088488 fireworks, and we've got dancers over here and we've got singers over +_ygsuDZSTa8-00152-00088488-00088920 here, and we've got people tumbling over there. Our shows, if you wish, are +_ygsuDZSTa8-00153-00088920-00089352 like that - three-ring circus. When China puts on a big public thing, +_ygsuDZSTa8-00154-00089352-00089709 what is it? Ten thousand dancers doing the same +_ygsuDZSTa8-00155-00089709-00090270 moves, right? Why? Because they've been so influenced +_ygsuDZSTa8-00156-00090270-00090861 throughout the decades by Confucianism. Confucianism teaches that you will have +_ygsuDZSTa8-00157-00090861-00091596 heaven on earth by conformity. People just conform to the right way of +_ygsuDZSTa8-00158-00091596-00092472 living, then we will create a society that works well - heaven on earth. Still, +_ygsuDZSTa8-00159-00092472-00092949 even though China is not a religious country, obviously, there's +_ygsuDZSTa8-00160-00092949-00093486 still this influence there. And it serves the communist government well. Why not? To +_ygsuDZSTa8-00161-00093486-00093787 have everyone believe that the right thing to do is to +_ygsuDZSTa8-00162-00093787-00094177 conform to everything. If you're the one in charge, making all the rules, +_ygsuDZSTa8-00163-00094177-00095137 sure, go for it, absolutely. Shinto, the religion of Japan, believes +_ygsuDZSTa8-00164-00095137-00095508 that the country itself fell from the heavens, and the Emperor is a +_ygsuDZSTa8-00165-00095508-00096343 god and the people are children of the gods. In the Shinto religion, Japanese +_ygsuDZSTa8-00166-00096343-00097366 supremacy and maintaining it, was heaven on earth. Same idea. They had this - I've +_ygsuDZSTa8-00167-00097366-00097693 mentioned this before, Second World War, the suicide bombers. +_ygsuDZSTa8-00168-00097693-00098131 They'd fly their planes into American ships. They believed +_ygsuDZSTa8-00169-00098131-00098620 that when they were doing this, they were doing it for God. They believed +_ygsuDZSTa8-00170-00098620-00099076 that because the Emperor was a god, it was impossible for them to lose. +_ygsuDZSTa8-00171-00099076-00099664 Impossible. That's why they didn't give up. That's why when they lost battles +_ygsuDZSTa8-00172-00099664-00100066 everywhere, when the Americans were cutting off their Island, the embargo, +_ygsuDZSTa8-00173-00100066-00100450 we're talking Second World War here, there was no way they could win they, +_ygsuDZSTa8-00174-00100450-00101047 were surrounded, they would not give up. Why? Because they thought their military +_ygsuDZSTa8-00175-00101047-00101386 was superior. Because they thought they had, like they had a secret weapon? +_ygsuDZSTa8-00176-00101386-00102025 No. Because they, the rank and file, they sincerely believed that they were +_ygsuDZSTa8-00177-00102025-00102823 on a mission from God, and their Emperor was God. And they couldn't lose. But then, +_ygsuDZSTa8-00178-00102823-00103485 when America dropped a couple of nuclear bombs on +_ygsuDZSTa8-00179-00103485-00103927 a couple of their cities, and they saw the devastation - it wasn't the people +_ygsuDZSTa8-00180-00103927-00104436 that gave up, it was the Emperor that finally realized that if they continued, +_ygsuDZSTa8-00181-00104436-00104848 I mean, they would just be completely wiped out as a people. You'd have no +_ygsuDZSTa8-00182-00104848-00105474 people left. It's not good being a ruler when you don't have any people to rule. +_ygsuDZSTa8-00183-00105474-00106153 As a matter of fact, in the surrender, unconditional surrender, one of +_ygsuDZSTa8-00184-00106153-00106654 the terms in this, in the surrender, was the Japanese had to take this idea out +_ygsuDZSTa8-00185-00106654-00106966 of their religious thinking. They were forced to take it +_ygsuDZSTa8-00186-00106966-00107689 out of their religious instruction. They even changed, +_ygsuDZSTa8-00187-00107689-00108084 they had to change their flag. Their flag was a circle, a red circle, and it had +_ygsuDZSTa8-00188-00108084-00108493 rays that went all around. And the meaning of the flag was that was +_ygsuDZSTa8-00189-00108493-00109069 Japan at the center of the world and it's rays went everywhere. They were, +_ygsuDZSTa8-00190-00109069-00109795 manifest destiny, to conquer the entire world. And the United States made +_ygsuDZSTa8-00191-00109795-00110221 that one of the conditions of the unconditional surrender, that they had to +_ygsuDZSTa8-00192-00110221-00110638 change their flag. And what is their flag now? A white background with just a red +_ygsuDZSTa8-00193-00110638-00111367 Sun in the middle. They took away the rays. Shinto. +_ygsuDZSTa8-00194-00111367-00111933 Buddhism. The idea of salvation in Buddhism comes from India, also Vietnam, China, +_ygsuDZSTa8-00195-00111933-00112594 Thailand. In Buddhism, the idea of salvation is the elimination of desire +_ygsuDZSTa8-00196-00112594-00113191 leads to eternal bliss. You have to understand, in the Eastern religions, +_ygsuDZSTa8-00197-00113191-00113968 their end game, if you wish, the idea of heaven, is an unconscious, is +_ygsuDZSTa8-00198-00113968-00114514 becoming unconscious. You still exist, but you're unconscious. The best +_ygsuDZSTa8-00199-00114514-00115056 description I've read is, you're like a drop of water that falls into the ocean. +_ygsuDZSTa8-00200-00115056-00115633 So you're still water, but you have merged with the great body of water, with +_ygsuDZSTa8-00201-00115633-00116620 the force. And so, in Buddhism, through meditation, through +_ygsuDZSTa8-00202-00116620-00117435 religious practice, through asceticism, the goal is to discipline the body +_ygsuDZSTa8-00203-00117435-00118423 to the point where the body does not have a desire for anything - no food, no +_ygsuDZSTa8-00204-00118423-00118843 comfort. Food, but to keep you alive. But I'm saying, that you +_ygsuDZSTa8-00205-00118843-00119365 eliminate all desire. And their idea is, if you eliminate all desire, you eliminate +_ygsuDZSTa8-00206-00119365-00119820 all pain and suffering and evil. +_ygsuDZSTa8-00207-00120048-00120343 Taoism, the yin and the yang, +_ygsuDZSTa8-00208-00120343-00120952 that's from Taoism, from China and also Japan. Taoism is another one of these +_ygsuDZSTa8-00209-00120952-00121390 religions that believes heaven on earth type thing, and the way to +_ygsuDZSTa8-00210-00121390-00122272 achieve that is you have to become balanced in your environment, +_ygsuDZSTa8-00211-00122272-00122830 balanced in your environment. A good example is someone - I remember one of my +_ygsuDZSTa8-00212-00122830-00123196 professors saying, if you want to know the difference between Taoism and +_ygsuDZSTa8-00213-00123196-00123786 Americanism, in America if you want to build a road from point A to point B. +_ygsuDZSTa8-00214-00123786-00124246 Well, they get out the bulldozers and the rock movers and everything and you start +_ygsuDZSTa8-00215-00124246-00124635 at A and you bulldoze your way through the mountain and the trees and +_ygsuDZSTa8-00216-00124635-00125263 you get to B, and you build a road. In ancient China, if you had +_ygsuDZSTa8-00217-00125263-00125716 to go from A to B, you started at A, you went around that tree, then you went +_ygsuDZSTa8-00218-00125716-00126067 around that mountain, and then you avoided that creek, and then you avoided +_ygsuDZSTa8-00219-00126067-00126624 this grove of trees. Why was it like that? +_ygsuDZSTa8-00220-00126624-00127303 Taoism. You don't disturb what is there. You're in harmony, the yin and +_ygsuDZSTa8-00221-00127303-00128188 the yang, your balanced, balanced living. What is it Feng Shui? Did I +_ygsuDZSTa8-00222-00128188-00128569 pronounce that correctly? Some of you understand. People go into your house and +_ygsuDZSTa8-00223-00128569-00129154 they move the furniture around, so that everything in +_ygsuDZSTa8-00224-00129154-00129558 your house is placed in the right position, so that you're in balance with +_ygsuDZSTa8-00225-00129558-00129898 the light and the air coming into your house and the movement through your +_ygsuDZSTa8-00226-00129898-00130558 house, so that you're in balance. That's Taoism. Now, there are a +_ygsuDZSTa8-00227-00130558-00131248 couple of other non-organized religions, again, for purpose of study, people break +_ygsuDZSTa8-00228-00131248-00131644 them down in these categories. It makes it a little easier to discuss. One +_ygsuDZSTa8-00229-00131644-00132262 of them is paganism. Paganism is religion. It's worldwide. There are forms of paganism +_ygsuDZSTa8-00230-00132262-00132610 everywhere. You read the Bible, right, what are you reading about when the +_ygsuDZSTa8-00231-00132610-00133012 Israelites enter the land of Canaan? All the pagan religions that were +_ygsuDZSTa8-00232-00133012-00133503 there. So, all forms of voodoo or witchcraft, +_ygsuDZSTa8-00233-00133503-00134061 or magic, or nature worship, nature worship is the type of religion +_ygsuDZSTa8-00234-00134061-00134717 practiced by Native Americans here in the United States and in other places, +_ygsuDZSTa8-00235-00134717-00135234 where the work, the subject of the worship or the participation of the land +_ygsuDZSTa8-00236-00135234-00136326 and the air and the trees, the sacred burial grounds. So the idea +_ygsuDZSTa8-00237-00136326-00137079 in paganism is that man manipulates the spirits or the unseen forces, in order to +_ygsuDZSTa8-00238-00137079-00137907 create heaven for themselves here on earth. I've also mentioned that to you, +_ygsuDZSTa8-00239-00137907-00138456 magic and the occult, the idea of magic in the occult is, you've got something +_ygsuDZSTa8-00240-00138456-00139002 physical that you manipulate or you say words or you make a brew or you +_ygsuDZSTa8-00241-00139002-00139647 do something in the physical world that will somehow manipulate the spirits in +_ygsuDZSTa8-00242-00139647-00140232 the spirit world, to act in your favor or to act against someone else. +_ygsuDZSTa8-00243-00140232-00140751 Voodoo, voodoo, the doll, perfect example, voodoo dolls. You get +_ygsuDZSTa8-00244-00140751-00141189 a representation of a person that you don't like, or your enemy, and +_ygsuDZSTa8-00245-00141189-00141957 you stick pins in it. That's the occult. And then, atheism. You say, well how +_ygsuDZSTa8-00246-00141957-00142761 can atheism be a religion? Well, it's a kind of a religion. In atheism, man or +_ygsuDZSTa8-00247-00142761-00143370 mankind is the highest form of life, and there is no heaven, there is no salvation. +_ygsuDZSTa8-00248-00143370-00144072 There's only here, now, the material world. And so, heaven is what you make of it +_ygsuDZSTa8-00249-00144072-00144753 here on earth, using whatever system or philosophy that works for you. It's +_ygsuDZSTa8-00250-00144753-00145374 pretty much what atheists believe. So these are the major beliefs of +_ygsuDZSTa8-00251-00145374-00145997 the world and in history, concerning salvation. And again, I have to repeat, +_ygsuDZSTa8-00252-00145997-00146550 we've not done the topic justice. You could do 13 weeks on +_ygsuDZSTa8-00253-00146550-00146877 every single religion, but I'm just trying to give you a, +_ygsuDZSTa8-00254-00146877-00147615 just a, kind of, a bite-size idea of what each of these think. Now, please +_ygsuDZSTa8-00255-00147615-00148220 note some important points about these various beliefs when you compare them. +_ygsuDZSTa8-00256-00148220-00149049 First of all, they all have some form or idea of salvation. Every group aspires to +_ygsuDZSTa8-00257-00149049-00149760 a better life somehow, either a better life here through the practice of their, +_ygsuDZSTa8-00258-00149760-00150314 quote, religion or belief, or a better life in another world, the spirit world +_ygsuDZSTa8-00259-00150314-00150888 after this life is over. But every single one of them has this idea in their +_ygsuDZSTa8-00260-00150888-00151467 religion, which is actually the thing that moves their religion. Take that +_ygsuDZSTa8-00261-00151467-00152432 element out, the religion is useless. And secondly, and this is the important one, +_ygsuDZSTa8-00262-00152432-00153138 every one of these, except Christianity, is a works or law-based system for +_ygsuDZSTa8-00263-00153138-00153660 achieving salvation or heaven or the good life or whatever it is. All of them +_ygsuDZSTa8-00264-00153660-00154602 are work-based concepts. For example, in Zoroastrianism, the person has to win the +_ygsuDZSTa8-00265-00154602-00155127 struggle over evil. Well, if that's not a works-based idea, I don't know what is. +_ygsuDZSTa8-00266-00155127-00155691 You've got to win. You've got to win. You have to find a way to overcome the evil +_ygsuDZSTa8-00267-00155691-00156345 if you want to get the reward. In Judaism, you must obey. You're a +_ygsuDZSTa8-00268-00156345-00157464 Jew, but you must obey the Jewish law and customs. In Islam, Muslims must practice +_ygsuDZSTa8-00269-00157464-00158145 the five pillars successfully. They have to pray every day five times. They have +_ygsuDZSTa8-00270-00158145-00158676 to take a pilgrimage to Mecca or support someone who is going to go on your +_ygsuDZSTa8-00271-00158676-00159513 behalf. You have to give the alms. You have to +_ygsuDZSTa8-00272-00159513-00160194 fast during Ramadan. You have to do these things. And again, +_ygsuDZSTa8-00273-00160194-00160604 the sad thing, and even if you do, if Allah decides +_ygsuDZSTa8-00274-00160604-00160959 you're not coming in, oh well, praise Allah +_ygsuDZSTa8-00275-00160959-00161691 anyways. His wisdom is the - In Hinduism, the individual must purify +_ygsuDZSTa8-00276-00161691-00162564 himself from evil, never mind in one life - life after life after life after life. +_ygsuDZSTa8-00277-00162564-00163205 You just keep being reincarnated. To do what? To purify your +_ygsuDZSTa8-00278-00163205-00163950 life, so that you are worthy to merge with Brahma. In Sikhism, proper worship +_ygsuDZSTa8-00279-00163950-00164744 and conduct must be performed, in order to be - and the word is, worthy, to be saved. +_ygsuDZSTa8-00280-00164744-00165515 In Confucianism, again, heaven on earth is possible, but only through personal +_ygsuDZSTa8-00281-00165515-00165947 conformity to the rules of society. +_ygsuDZSTa8-00282-00166232-00166865 Shintoism, you must maintain Japanese supremacy at all costs: Second World War. +_ygsuDZSTa8-00283-00166865-00167540 How many times have we read stories about Japanese soldiers in +_ygsuDZSTa8-00284-00167540-00167925 the jungles that they found thirty five years after the war was over, +_ygsuDZSTa8-00285-00167925-00168303 but they were still holding the fort. Nobody told them that the war was over. +_ygsuDZSTa8-00286-00168303-00169367 In Taoism, no harmony. Harmony in your personal existence, +_ygsuDZSTa8-00287-00169367-00169761 that's as good as heaven gets for you, but still, you don't get that without +_ygsuDZSTa8-00288-00169761-00170496 conformity to the rules or the laws of nature. Paganism, they have to appease the +_ygsuDZSTa8-00289-00170496-00171197 gods, and they have to appease the spirits, in order to be rewarded. And the +_ygsuDZSTa8-00290-00171197-00171978 most graphic example of this was the people who worshipped the god +_ygsuDZSTa8-00291-00171978-00172407 Molech. We read about that in the Old Testament, Canaanites, what did +_ygsuDZSTa8-00292-00172407-00173028 they do? They offered their firstborn sons or firstborn child to the god +_ygsuDZSTa8-00293-00173028-00173447 Molech, by burning them in fire. +_ygsuDZSTa8-00294-00173480-00173909 How much does Molech want from you? He wants your +_ygsuDZSTa8-00295-00173909-00174599 firstborn. I mean, literally, he wants your first born. And, of course, atheism, +_ygsuDZSTa8-00296-00174599-00175064 compliance to a system or a philosophy. You've got to do that to be +_ygsuDZSTa8-00297-00175064-00175652 happy; or total non-compliance, in order to be free. So you're either going to be an +_ygsuDZSTa8-00298-00175652-00176171 anarchist - break all the rules, or keep all the rules, but you've got +_ygsuDZSTa8-00299-00176171-00176947 to deal with the rules. And so this is why I say, every single one of these +_ygsuDZSTa8-00300-00176947-00177569 religions, the burden is on the human being to do something or achieve +_ygsuDZSTa8-00301-00177569-00178138 something or comply with someone or something, in order to earn or find +_ygsuDZSTa8-00302-00178138-00178940 heaven, nirvana, salvation, happiness, moksha, Brahma. You name it, whatever +_ygsuDZSTa8-00303-00178940-00179728 it's called, a paradise, the Islam, paradise. You've got to do something in +_ygsuDZSTa8-00304-00179728-00180728 order to be worthy of it. Christianity is the only religion where the offer and +_ygsuDZSTa8-00305-00180728-00181685 the burden for accomplishing salvation rests solely with God, and man can do +_ygsuDZSTa8-00306-00181685-00182336 nothing on his own to deserve or to accomplish his salvation. Now I'm not +_ygsuDZSTa8-00307-00182336-00183038 saying we don't respond to God, but our response to God, and as I've mentioned +_ygsuDZSTa8-00308-00183038-00183506 many times, in repentance and baptism, we're not doing that to earn our +_ygsuDZSTa8-00309-00183506-00183973 salvation. We're doing that to demonstrate our faith. +_ygsuDZSTa8-00310-00184383-00184977 Very important. This is why it makes me so sad when I see someone leave +_ygsuDZSTa8-00311-00184977-00185458 Christianity to become a Muslim. Oh really? It's like putting yourself in jail. +_ygsuDZSTa8-00312-00185458-00185854 I remember in Montreal these little +_ygsuDZSTa8-00313-00185854-00186130 girls on the metro, these little French-Canadian girls, with the hijab. +_ygsuDZSTa8-00314-00186130-00186727 And they just thought, wow, I'm a Muslim woman now. I was thinking, you poor +_ygsuDZSTa8-00315-00186727-00187579 girl. You just become a slave in this religion. And if you're not married yet, +_ygsuDZSTa8-00316-00187579-00188032 you're going to find out what slavery is really like. We had a young woman in the +_ygsuDZSTa8-00317-00188032-00188467 church there who was dating a fellow who's a Muslim. And he was very nice to +_ygsuDZSTa8-00318-00188467-00188842 her. And I I tried to warn her. I said, this is what's +_ygsuDZSTa8-00319-00188842-00189283 going to happen. No, he's not like that. mm-hmm. And they went ahead and got +_ygsuDZSTa8-00320-00189283-00190066 married. And three years later with her baby, he wanted to take, he wanted to take +_ygsuDZSTa8-00321-00190066-00190702 that child and go back to, I forget which country, Jordan or somewhere, without her. +_ygsuDZSTa8-00322-00190702-00191587 And take the baby and not come back. And she had to conform +_ygsuDZSTa8-00323-00191587-00192595 as a Muslim woman, to the religion of Islam. And she didn't want to. +_ygsuDZSTa8-00324-00192595-00193030 Well, we see many times in a mixed religious marriage, +_ygsuDZSTa8-00325-00193030-00193495 he's a Methodist, or he's a member of the church of Christ, +_ygsuDZSTa8-00326-00193495-00193894 and she's a Catholic or something. They have to kind of have some +_ygsuDZSTa8-00327-00193894-00194389 communication there, because of their differences. They both believe Jesus is +_ygsuDZSTa8-00328-00194389-00194713 the Son of God, but they need to work +_ygsuDZSTa8-00329-00194713-00195118 things out if they're going to make their marriage succeed, but that +_ygsuDZSTa8-00330-00195118-00195586 doesn't happen in a marriage between someone who, quote, is a Christian +_ygsuDZSTa8-00331-00195586-00196015 and someone who's, a man who's a Muslim, a practicing Muslim. No. +_ygsuDZSTa8-00332-00196015-00196777 Doesn't work that way. Salvation from a Christian perspective is possible and +_ygsuDZSTa8-00333-00196777-00197596 available to everyone, no if, ands, or buts. There's no, well, you're saved if God feels +_ygsuDZSTa8-00334-00197596-00198230 like it on that day. It's not - Christianity, it's not +_ygsuDZSTa8-00335-00198230-00198759 culturally or geographically based, like a lot of these other religions - Judaism. +_ygsuDZSTa8-00336-00198759-00199353 I mean, the news that Mr. President Trump said today, we're going to, we recognized +_ygsuDZSTa8-00337-00199353-00199878 for decades that Jerusalem is the capital of Israel, but the American +_ygsuDZSTa8-00338-00199878-00200310 Embassy was always located in Tel Aviv, to not make any trouble with +_ygsuDZSTa8-00339-00200310-00200823 the Arab countries around them. Well today Mr. Trump said, yeah, no more. Now we +_ygsuDZSTa8-00340-00200823-00201252 believe that the capital of Israel is in Jerusalem, and we're going to be moving +_ygsuDZSTa8-00341-00201252-00201717 the American Embassy from Tel Aviv to Jerusalem, something that has been +_ygsuDZSTa8-00342-00201717-00202248 promised for 50 years or so, but nobody delivered on. The reason I say +_ygsuDZSTa8-00343-00202248-00202746 that, it's not political. The reason I say that is that these religions are tied to +_ygsuDZSTa8-00344-00202746-00203652 the earth. If one of the other countries nuked Israel, I certainly wouldn't want +_ygsuDZSTa8-00345-00203652-00204078 that to happen, but let's just say they dropped a couple of nuclear bombs, and +_ygsuDZSTa8-00346-00204078-00204489 everything was destroyed, totally destroyed. The temple, the mosque, +_ygsuDZSTa8-00347-00204489-00204951 everything gone, wiped off the face of the earth. How would that affect us as +_ygsuDZSTa8-00348-00204951-00205551 Christians? I'd be sad for the individuals who lived there. Certainly +_ygsuDZSTa8-00349-00205551-00205961 sad for the Christians who live there, but it wouldn't change my religion in any way. +_ygsuDZSTa8-00350-00205961-00206648 But it would be a big change, would be a big change for Jewish people. The +_ygsuDZSTa8-00351-00206648-00207271 religion is tied to the earth. Islam. Their religion is absolutely tied to the earth. +_ygsuDZSTa8-00352-00207271-00207698 Why do you think they're trying to overtake countries? Because +_ygsuDZSTa8-00353-00207698-00208064 their religion. When they have a piece of dirt, okay, there it is. We own +_ygsuDZSTa8-00354-00208064-00208527 that. That's part of our heritage. It demonstrates +_ygsuDZSTa8-00355-00208527-00208987 that our religion is successful, because we're taking land, the Caliphate. +_ygsuDZSTa8-00356-00208987-00209607 Christianity. What does Jesus say? My kingdom is not of this world. +_ygsuDZSTa8-00357-00209607-00210183 He said, if my kingdom were of this world, my angels would be here fighting for Me. +_ygsuDZSTa8-00358-00210183-00210923 But as it is, my kingdom is not of this world. Our kingdom is not of this world. +_ygsuDZSTa8-00359-00211180-00211692 Christianity offers a tangible, conscious, personal experience of salvation and +_ygsuDZSTa8-00360-00211692-00212376 heaven, with which others don't. We get a taste of heaven, the fruit of the Spirit +_ygsuDZSTa8-00361-00212376-00213069 living within us. The stronger that our faith grows, the stronger our +_ygsuDZSTa8-00362-00213069-00213832 hope is that we have the reward before us. We can actually feel encouraged, +_ygsuDZSTa8-00363-00213832-00214296 unlike other religions, you've got to keep coming back, one life after another. +_ygsuDZSTa8-00364-00214296-00214964 Christianity promises life eternal after death. +_ygsuDZSTa8-00365-00214964-00215555 Confucianism, Shintoism, Taoism, atheism, there's no life. This is the only one, the +_ygsuDZSTa8-00366-00215555-00216078 best heaven you're ever going to get is here. Christianity is a salvation offered +_ygsuDZSTa8-00367-00216078-00216917 because of love and received because of faith. Zoroastrianism, Islam, these are all +_ygsuDZSTa8-00368-00216917-00217752 works-based. Christianity is filled with hope for the future. Paganism especially, +_ygsuDZSTa8-00369-00217752-00218459 is based on fear, mystery. We're always doing something to push away the evil +_ygsuDZSTa8-00370-00218459-00219371 spirits. So when you compare religions, you can see many practices and +_ygsuDZSTa8-00371-00219371-00219939 fascinating histories and great leaders and deep spiritual ideas, but the bottom +_ygsuDZSTa8-00372-00219939-00220338 line is always what they teach about the salvation of the soul or what they teach +_ygsuDZSTa8-00373-00220338-00220796 about heaven or the improvement of the spiritual person. I mean, that's what +_ygsuDZSTa8-00374-00220796-00221325 religion is all about in the end: reconciling human beings with the one +_ygsuDZSTa8-00375-00221325-00222090 who is greater than they are. That's what religion is about. So in the debate over +_ygsuDZSTa8-00376-00222090-00222604 this issue among the 13 major religions or systems in the world, +_ygsuDZSTa8-00377-00222604-00223514 Christianity's teaching is universally accessible and timeless and it is unique +_ygsuDZSTa8-00378-00223514-00223906 among the 13. +_ygsuDZSTa8-00379-00224044-00224896 In all the other religions, man has to reach up and pull himself up to God. +_ygsuDZSTa8-00380-00224896-00225528 Christianity is the only religion where God reaches down and brings man up to +_ygsuDZSTa8-00381-00225528-00225973 Himself. I ask you, which religion do you want to practice? +_ygsuDZSTa8-00382-00225973-00226383 If you had no religion and you were offered the two, which way you want to go? +_ygsuDZSTa8-00383-00226383-00226836 Do you want to climb up to heaven, or do you want God to reach down and take you and +_ygsuDZSTa8-00384-00226836-00227856 bring you up to Himself? I think my money is with God taking me up to heaven. It is +_ygsuDZSTa8-00385-00227856-00228561 the most desirable religion, because it is unlimited, eternal life with power, +_ygsuDZSTa8-00386-00228561-00229137 with happiness, with consciousness, with knowledge of God with knowledge of self. +_ygsuDZSTa8-00387-00229137-00229548 People say, will I know who I am in heaven? Absolutely. How could you be +_ygsuDZSTa8-00388-00229548-00230123 happy if you didn't know who you were. If you, all of a sudden, you popped up and +_ygsuDZSTa8-00389-00230123-00230433 you're in heaven, but you didn't know who you were, you had no consciousness of who +_ygsuDZSTa8-00390-00230433-00230928 you were. How could you experience happiness? You have to know who you are. +_ygsuDZSTa8-00391-00230928-00231569 You have to be able to know, I'm in heaven. Everything that I read in the +_ygsuDZSTa8-00392-00231569-00232104 scriptures was true. I knew it was true, but now I'm here. So you have to be +_ygsuDZSTa8-00393-00232104-00232638 conscious in order to experience happiness in heaven. Will we +_ygsuDZSTa8-00394-00232638-00233046 know each other? Absolutely, we'll know each other in heaven. Why wouldn't we? If +_ygsuDZSTa8-00395-00233046-00233859 I'm me and you're you, why wouldn't I know you? And people say, well what do we +_ygsuDZSTa8-00396-00233859-00234150 talk about? You know what? I probably won't be interested in talking to you +_ygsuDZSTa8-00397-00234150-00234417 and you won't be interested in talking to me, because I'll be way too busy +_ygsuDZSTa8-00398-00234417-00235069 talking to God, way too involved in knowing Him, +_ygsuDZSTa8-00399-00235069-00235953 absorbing Him. Will we think about the people who didn't make it? I don't think +_ygsuDZSTa8-00400-00235953-00236502 so. In the parable, the rich man and Lazarus, where it says, +_ygsuDZSTa8-00401-00236502-00237071 there's a gulf between the two. I don't believe that is a literal thing. +_ygsuDZSTa8-00402-00237071-00237371 I believe that's a parable, but one of the things that it teaches is +_ygsuDZSTa8-00403-00237371-00237923 there's a gulf. That means there's something between us in heaven and +_ygsuDZSTa8-00404-00237923-00238614 those who are not there. When Jesus says, you can't go there, they can't +_ygsuDZSTa8-00405-00238614-00239058 come here, and we can't go there. I think that doesn't mean physically we +_ygsuDZSTa8-00406-00239058-00240254 can't go there. I mean, we can't go there up here. Because that would be sadness, +_ygsuDZSTa8-00407-00240254-00240861 right. I have a brother, I have a mother, or I have a grandpa, whatever, who was, +_ygsuDZSTa8-00408-00240861-00241203 kind of a good guy, but had no use for religion whatsoever, didn't believe in +_ygsuDZSTa8-00409-00241203-00241648 anything, no afterlife, period. +_ygsuDZSTa8-00410-00241748-00242175 Well, according to the Bible, that individual is not going to be spending +_ygsuDZSTa8-00411-00242175-00242819 time with God in the Spirit world. But I think, this is only my opinion here, but I +_ygsuDZSTa8-00412-00242819-00243594 think that this will not sadden us in heaven, because we lose the fleshly body +_ygsuDZSTa8-00413-00243594-00244073 and the fleshly memories and the fleshly things that go with it. We have a +_ygsuDZSTa8-00414-00244073-00244596 spiritual body. And I personally believe we will be so absorbed in knowing God, +_ygsuDZSTa8-00415-00244596-00245412 it'll wipe out everything else. No other religion offers this or +_ygsuDZSTa8-00416-00245412-00245958 has a historical documentation of God's appearances, miracle, words to confirm +_ygsuDZSTa8-00417-00245958-00246711 these promises. Mohammad never did any miracles. So when it comes to a +_ygsuDZSTa8-00418-00246711-00247152 discussion of salvation with other religions, we have the most compelling +_ygsuDZSTa8-00419-00247152-00247821 and powerful argument for the salvation offered through faith in Jesus Christ. +_ygsuDZSTa8-00420-00247821-00248283 So when talking about religion with someone of another religion, the best place to +_ygsuDZSTa8-00421-00248283-00248925 make your case is the superiority of the teaching on salvation in the Bible for +_ygsuDZSTa8-00422-00248925-00249342 the Christian religion. You're not going to argue with a guy who's a Muslim about +_ygsuDZSTa8-00423-00249342-00249882 baptism. What does he care about baptism? Baptism, only a person who is +_ygsuDZSTa8-00424-00249882-00250298 interested in Jesus and pleasing Him wants to know about - okay, well what's +_ygsuDZSTa8-00425-00250298-00250698 baptism? I'll explain that to you. But a Muslim doesn't care about +_ygsuDZSTa8-00426-00250698-00251289 baptism. A Hindu doesn't care about baptism, but he does care about salvation. +_ygsuDZSTa8-00427-00251289-00251846 He does care about what happens after life. A Hindu cares about that. And a +_ygsuDZSTa8-00428-00251846-00252482 Muslim cares about that. And we have - the Bible teaches us a much superior +_ygsuDZSTa8-00429-00252482-00253113 experience of salvation. Okay, I had some more stuff here, but we'll stop here and +_ygsuDZSTa8-00430-00253113-00253482 I'll find a way to get it into the next lesson. Alright, thank you for your attention. I appreciate it. +_z9MAcOiH4k-00000-00000238-00000340 Hello! +_z9MAcOiH4k-00001-00000618-00000726 Look! +_z9MAcOiH4k-00002-00001514-00001614 Look! +_z9MAcOiH4k-00003-00001822-00001954 I'm Sally! +_z9MAcOiH4k-00004-00002110-00002238 And I'm Possum! +_z9MAcOiH4k-00005-00002334-00002450 Hello! +_z9MAcOiH4k-00006-00005064-00005187 Hello, everyone! +_z9MAcOiH4k-00007-00005200-00005467 Oh, I love playing sports, +_z9MAcOiH4k-00008-00005475-00005672 especially ones outside. +_z9MAcOiH4k-00009-00005782-00005835 But, +_z9MAcOiH4k-00010-00005884-00006076 it’s a bit boring by myself. +_z9MAcOiH4k-00011-00006115-00006283 I'd rather it if Sally could play with me. +_z9MAcOiH4k-00012-00007128-00007313 Hello, Possum. Hello, Sally! +_z9MAcOiH4k-00013-00007320-00007419 Hello, everyone! +_z9MAcOiH4k-00014-00007606-00007692 Wow! +_z9MAcOiH4k-00015-00007692-00007891 Look at those big pumpkins! +_z9MAcOiH4k-00016-00007897-00007993 What are they for? +_z9MAcOiH4k-00017-00008006-00008211 I got them out of my vegetable garden. +_z9MAcOiH4k-00018-00008223-00008465 Because I'm going to make some pumpkin soup. +_z9MAcOiH4k-00019-00008771-00009014 Mmm, yum! Hey Sally, +_z9MAcOiH4k-00020-00009027-00009168 Can you play soccer with me? +_z9MAcOiH4k-00021-00009291-00009582 Oh, I just for a short time. Not too long, okay? +_z9MAcOiH4k-00022-00009582-00009747 Oh good! So, +_z9MAcOiH4k-00023-00009980-00010214 Where are your goals? Huh? +_z9MAcOiH4k-00024-00010356-00010515 Don’t you have any goal posts? +_z9MAcOiH4k-00025-00010520-00010625 No, I don’t. +_z9MAcOiH4k-00026-00010649-00010779 Just over there somewhere. +_z9MAcOiH4k-00027-00010790-00010894 I have an idea. +_z9MAcOiH4k-00028-00011336-00011448 Ooh! +_z9MAcOiH4k-00029-00011745-00011859 Good idea! +_z9MAcOiH4k-00030-00011889-00012092 These can be your goal posts. +_z9MAcOiH4k-00031-00012112-00012185 Yeah! +_z9MAcOiH4k-00032-00012268-00012398 I'll stand in goal. +_z9MAcOiH4k-00033-00012777-00012891 Are you watching? +_z9MAcOiH4k-00034-00013131-00013319 Oh man! +_z9MAcOiH4k-00035-00013319-00013519 Ha ha! +_z9MAcOiH4k-00036-00013772-00013952 I’m going to get it in this time. +_z9MAcOiH4k-00037-00014312-00014644 Yeah! Woo! Yeah! +_z9MAcOiH4k-00038-00014644-00014875 You got it in the goal, Possum! +_z9MAcOiH4k-00039-00014904-00015030 Well done! +_z9MAcOiH4k-00040-00015337-00015428 Oh! +_z9MAcOiH4k-00041-00015840-00015952 Ohh! +_z9MAcOiH4k-00042-00015985-00016129 Yay! +_z9MAcOiH4k-00043-00016361-00016593 Hmm ... +_z9MAcOiH4k-00044-00016868-00016968 Ooh! +_z9MAcOiH4k-00045-00016993-00017260 Yay!!! +_z9MAcOiH4k-00046-00017260-00017542 You got a goal; that was great! +_z9MAcOiH4k-00047-00017808-00017872 Oh, +_z9MAcOiH4k-00048-00017888-00018182 that was good fun, Possum, but I can't play any longer. +_z9MAcOiH4k-00049-00018192-00018406 I need to go inside and make the soup. +_z9MAcOiH4k-00050-00018651-00018873 All right. Thank you for playing with me. +_z9MAcOiH4k-00051-00018931-00018977 Oh, +_z9MAcOiH4k-00052-00019033-00019368 later I’ll come with you and join you in the kitchen, to help you make soup. +_z9MAcOiH4k-00053-00019374-00019550 That’d be great, thanks Possum! +_z9MAcOiH4k-00054-00019555-00019627 Thank you. +_z9MAcOiH4k-00055-00020206-00020348 Bye! Bye! +_z9MAcOiH4k-00056-00020980-00021083 Oh yeah! +_z9MAcOiH4k-00057-00021241-00021312 Hmm ... +_z9MAcOiH4k-00058-00021376-00021542 Sally's making soup! +_z9MAcOiH4k-00059-00021718-00021774 Oh, +_z9MAcOiH4k-00060-00021795-00021977 but soccer’s so much fun! +_z9MAcOiH4k-00061-00022043-00022289 Soup ... soccer ... soup ... soccer ...? +_z9MAcOiH4k-00062-00022310-00022388 Soup! +_z9MAcOiH4k-00063-00022712-00022777 Huh … +_z9MAcOiH4k-00064-00022929-00023022 Umm ... +_z9MAcOiH4k-00065-00023390-00023464 Oh well … +_z9MAcOiH4k-00066-00025926-00026120 Hello, Possum. Hi, Sally! +_z9MAcOiH4k-00067-00026152-00026245 Is it ready yet? +_z9MAcOiH4k-00068-00026420-00026627 I’ve been outside playing soccer +_z9MAcOiH4k-00069-00026636-00026902 and now I’m starving. +_z9MAcOiH4k-00070-00027024-00027107 Is it ready? +_z9MAcOiH4k-00071-00027139-00027363 No, it's not ready yet. +_z9MAcOiH4k-00072-00027383-00027673 It takes lots of time to make soup. +_z9MAcOiH4k-00073-00027780-00028058 I've only just finished cutting up the onion. +_z9MAcOiH4k-00074-00028262-00028355 Onion? +_z9MAcOiH4k-00075-00028374-00028448 What? +_z9MAcOiH4k-00076-00028486-00028660 I thought this was pumpkin soup. +_z9MAcOiH4k-00077-00028704-00028817 Oh yes, +_z9MAcOiH4k-00078-00028852-00029126 yes we’re still having pumpkin soup. +_z9MAcOiH4k-00079-00029160-00029220 But +_z9MAcOiH4k-00080-00029220-00029420 it’s a family recipe +_z9MAcOiH4k-00081-00029445-00029652 and it tastes delicious. +_z9MAcOiH4k-00082-00029694-00030052 There’s all sorts of different vegetables in it. +_z9MAcOiH4k-00083-00030072-00030438 Oh. Can you get the recipe out of the drawer please? +_z9MAcOiH4k-00084-00030443-00030662 Okay. Oh, there it is. +_z9MAcOiH4k-00085-00030856-00031304 Now this recipe will explain to us how to make our pumpkin soup. +_z9MAcOiH4k-00086-00031905-00032132 I’ve got all the vegetables ready. +_z9MAcOiH4k-00087-00032160-00032416 They all need to be put into a big pot. +_z9MAcOiH4k-00088-00032460-00032738 Can you please go and get the pot out of the cupboard? +_z9MAcOiH4k-00089-00032905-00032979 Okay. +_z9MAcOiH4k-00090-00033712-00033899 Hey, Sally, +_z9MAcOiH4k-00091-00033908-00034072 I’ve just thought of something. +_z9MAcOiH4k-00092-00034076-00034219 This is like a game. +_z9MAcOiH4k-00093-00034227-00034315 Is it? +_z9MAcOiH4k-00094-00034436-00034792 Before the pot was in the cupboard and I took it out. +_z9MAcOiH4k-00095-00034848-00035051 Before I was outside, +_z9MAcOiH4k-00096-00035078-00035268 and now I am inside. +_z9MAcOiH4k-00097-00035270-00035740 That's right, Possum. Before, you were in your tree house, and you came out. +_z9MAcOiH4k-00098-00036269-00036520 and played soccer. Then, you came +_z9MAcOiH4k-00099-00036542-00036644 in here. +_z9MAcOiH4k-00100-00037052-00037264 That’s funny! +_z9MAcOiH4k-00101-00037300-00037473 I've got everything ready … +_z9MAcOiH4k-00102-00037881-00038089 Now, we can start to cook. +_z9MAcOiH4k-00103-00038104-00038168 Okay. +_z9MAcOiH4k-00104-00038222-00038437 We put the onion in the pot … +_z9MAcOiH4k-00105-00039356-00039536 with a little bit of olive oil. +_z9MAcOiH4k-00106-00040008-00040091 Now, +_z9MAcOiH4k-00107-00040121-00040390 we go to the stove and heat it up. +_z9MAcOiH4k-00108-00040459-00040585 Let's do that. +_z9MAcOiH4k-00109-00043131-00043294 Oh, Sally, +_z9MAcOiH4k-00110-00043300-00043531 I wish It was ready now. +_z9MAcOiH4k-00111-00043584-00043964 Playing sport outside has made me so hungry. +_z9MAcOiH4k-00112-00044000-00044422 Yes, I know. You're always hungry, Possum. +_z9MAcOiH4k-00113-00044469-00044756 I know you love playing sports, too. +_z9MAcOiH4k-00114-00044814-00045020 Why don't we watch some children +_z9MAcOiH4k-00115-00045020-00045395 playing sports while we wait for the soup to cook? +_z9MAcOiH4k-00116-00045416-00045563 Yeah, let's do that! +_z9MAcOiH4k-00117-00050274-00050834 Sam and I like playing rugby league. +_z9MAcOiH4k-00118-00055209-00055398 Wow! That looked great! +_z9MAcOiH4k-00119-00055473-00055567 Yes. +_z9MAcOiH4k-00120-00055700-00055992 This smells delicious. It must be ready now. +_z9MAcOiH4k-00121-00056010-00056078 Hmm, +_z9MAcOiH4k-00122-00056145-00056446 it’s almost ready, just needs one more thing. +_z9MAcOiH4k-00123-00056452-00056804 We need some herbs. Ooh! +_z9MAcOiH4k-00124-00057097-00057211 Yum. +_z9MAcOiH4k-00125-00057478-00057561 Oh, +_z9MAcOiH4k-00126-00057582-00057822 this must be ready now, it looks ready! +_z9MAcOiH4k-00127-00057824-00058009 It’ll be ready about lunchtime. +_z9MAcOiH4k-00128-00058032-00058355 We just need to put it on the stove and let it simmer a bit longer. +_z9MAcOiH4k-00129-00058386-00058622 But I thought it was lunchtime now! +_z9MAcOiH4k-00130-00058654-00058846 I thought you were going to take it out of the pot +_z9MAcOiH4k-00131-00058851-00058947 and into the bowl +_z9MAcOiH4k-00132-00058955-00059140 and I was going to take it out of the bowl +_z9MAcOiH4k-00133-00059147-00059286 and into my tummy! +_z9MAcOiH4k-00134-00059387-00059489 I was teasing! +_z9MAcOiH4k-00135-00059489-00059836 He, he, he! Oh, ha, ha, ha! You’re funny, Sally. +_z9MAcOiH4k-00136-00059836-00059948 Teasing you. +_z9MAcOiH4k-00137-00059991-00060134 Would you like some soup? +_z9MAcOiH4k-00138-00060154-00060289 Oh, yes please! +_z9MAcOiH4k-00139-00061480-00061680 Ooh ... Tada! +_z9MAcOiH4k-00140-00061809-00062008 Let’s see how it tastes. +_z9MAcOiH4k-00141-00062441-00062544 Mmm ... +_z9MAcOiH4k-00142-00062619-00063040 Mm, mm, mm. It’s delicious! +_z9MAcOiH4k-00143-00063059-00063140 Oh! +_z9MAcOiH4k-00144-00063160-00063316 Great, that’s wonderful! +_z9MAcOiH4k-00145-00063355-00063569 Watching those children play sports +_z9MAcOiH4k-00146-00063574-00063838 has made me want to go outside and play soccer again. +_z9MAcOiH4k-00147-00063854-00063982 I’m going to go and play soccer. +_z9MAcOiH4k-00148-00063985-00064091 Do you want to come with me? +_z9MAcOiH4k-00149-00064115-00064265 I can’t come right now; +_z9MAcOiH4k-00150-00064270-00064483 I have to stay in here and clean all of this up. +_z9MAcOiH4k-00151-00064496-00064587 You can go; +_z9MAcOiH4k-00152-00064600-00064750 I’ll come and join you later. +_z9MAcOiH4k-00153-00064782-00064941 Okay, bye. Bye. +_z9MAcOiH4k-00154-00069121-00069267 Oh, hello Sally. +_z9MAcOiH4k-00155-00069457-00069588 What’s the matter, Possum? +_z9MAcOiH4k-00156-00069588-00069641 Oh, +_z9MAcOiH4k-00157-00069662-00069801 I’ve lost my ball. +_z9MAcOiH4k-00158-00069843-00070030 When were you last playing with it? +_z9MAcOiH4k-00159-00070094-00070180 Um, +_z9MAcOiH4k-00160-00070256-00070364 here with you. +_z9MAcOiH4k-00161-00070497-00070678 Did you put it away when you were done? +_z9MAcOiH4k-00162-00070716-00070779 No. +_z9MAcOiH4k-00163-00070809-00070896 No? +_z9MAcOiH4k-00164-00071056-00071247 Where were you kicking it? +_z9MAcOiH4k-00165-00071294-00071385 Um, +_z9MAcOiH4k-00166-00071457-00071542 right here. +_z9MAcOiH4k-00167-00071588-00071667 I ... +_z9MAcOiH4k-00168-00071720-00071800 kicked it, +_z9MAcOiH4k-00169-00071835-00071985 like this, it went up, +_z9MAcOiH4k-00170-00072009-00072153 and up, and up ... +_z9MAcOiH4k-00171-00072184-00072256 and up ... +_z9MAcOiH4k-00172-00072449-00072688 Did you see it come down? +_z9MAcOiH4k-00173-00072859-00072953 No. +_z9MAcOiH4k-00174-00073073-00073385 No? Well, it can't go up, and up, +_z9MAcOiH4k-00175-00073401-00073648 and up. It must come down. +_z9MAcOiH4k-00176-00073670-00073812 Let's see if we can see it. +_z9MAcOiH4k-00177-00073894-00073971 Hmm … +_z9MAcOiH4k-00178-00074025-00074131 Hmm ... +_z9MAcOiH4k-00179-00074267-00074536 Oh, Possum, there it is! There it is! +_z9MAcOiH4k-00180-00074636-00074705 I’ll get it. +_z9MAcOiH4k-00181-00074742-00074824 Hang on! +_z9MAcOiH4k-00182-00075241-00075489 Ah, good idea. Ready? +_z9MAcOiH4k-00183-00075548-00075836 Whoa, got it! Good catch, Possum. +_z9MAcOiH4k-00184-00076158-00076273 Thank you, Sally. +_z9MAcOiH4k-00185-00076368-00076537 Hey Sally, do you want to play some more? +_z9MAcOiH4k-00186-00076563-00076691 Yes, let's play! +_z9MAcOiH4k-00187-00076800-00076952 Well, our time is up. +_z9MAcOiH4k-00188-00077000-00077120 Thanks for watching! +_z9MAcOiH4k-00189-00077132-00077256 See you next time! +_z9MAcOiH4k-00190-00077256-00077385 Bye! Bye! +__cOlssP0RQ-00000-00001463-00002377 yeah this one's pretty cool too because you have to account for like pit stops and stuff +__cOlssP0RQ-00001-00002377-00004697 like that yeah how many laps it's gonna be 300 like the regular daytime oh yeah yeah +__cOlssP0RQ-00002-00004697-00004836 300 levels +__cOlssP0RQ-00003-00004836-00006374 oh yeah he's ahead of you um he's going nearly 200 oh yeah he's got to overlap you dead no +__cOlssP0RQ-00004-00006374-00006583 no he's not go +__cOlssP0RQ-00005-00006583-00007555 you can barely see him on his screen +__cOlssP0RQ-00006-00007555-00009559 is this the brand new xbox essay all right what is the brand new xbox xbox i swear they're +__cOlssP0RQ-00007-00009559-00011195 gonna die out because of that stupid naming thing idiot stupid xbox xbox 360. +__cOlssP0RQ-00008-00011195-00011295 you freaking idiot +__cOlssP0RQ-00009-00011295-00012406 i know he's going 200 you're going 170 attacks going 30 miles fast away i should have just +__cOlssP0RQ-00010-00012406-00012767 crashed into it go go go turn around +__cOlssP0RQ-00012-00016945-00018062 here we go +__cOlssP0RQ-00013-00018062-00019155 holy [ __ ] +__cOlssP0RQ-00014-00019155-00020533 nice job though okay good job okay oh shoot i'm parked already oh my god hey good job +__cOlssP0RQ-00015-00020533-00021559 man good job whoa oh shoot they're gonna remaining at that +__cOlssP0RQ-00016-00021559-00022211 oh +__cOlssP0RQ-00017-00022211-00024192 oh +__cOlssP0RQ-00018-00024192-00024226 hey +_CLhLCgRRuE-00000-00000538-00000932 My name is Ken Griffin, I'm the capacity planning manager for Barnes-Jewish +_CLhLCgRRuE-00001-00000932-00001387 Hospital and my graduate degree in business with an emphasis in management +_CLhLCgRRuE-00002-00001388-00001867 and leadership will make me stand out against the rest and promote me as a +_CLhLCgRRuE-00003-00001868-00002190 leader within the healthcare environment. +_CLhLCgRRuE-00004-00002190-00002450 My name is Ken Griffin and I am a Gorlok. +_KfnnveVY8k-00000-00000363-00000974 To become a member of the African community, you need to fulfill two criteria. +_KfnnveVY8k-00001-00000974-00001230 One you need to be an African. +_KfnnveVY8k-00002-00001230-00002132 Number two, you need to provide us an ID, it can be a passport, or any document that +_KfnnveVY8k-00003-00002132-00002519 proves you are what you are claiming to be. +_KfnnveVY8k-00004-00002519-00002627 And that’s all. +_KfnnveVY8k-00005-00002627-00003207 And within that, we have ordinary members, and we have executive members. +_KfnnveVY8k-00006-00003207-00003639 Executive members are those holding office for African community. +_KfnnveVY8k-00007-00003639-00003828 We have various executive members. +_KfnnveVY8k-00008-00003828-00004676 Really anyone can be a member; you simply must be African and show us a proof of ID. +_KfnnveVY8k-00009-00004676-00005376 To sign up becoming a member of the African community, you need to come to Tsim Sha Tsui, +_KfnnveVY8k-00010-00005376-00005992 which is the address I gave earlier, Flat B, 4th Floor Alpha House 27-33 Nathan Road. +_KfnnveVY8k-00011-00005992-00006970 And you need to fill out our form, and provide us with an ID picture, along with an ID ( i.e. +_KfnnveVY8k-00012-00006970-00007139 Proof of ID) +_LdUZcTL4KM-00004-00001246-00001544 DaJJAL +_MTH5DntaEQ-00000-00000092-00000413 Implemented in October 2013, +_MTH5DntaEQ-00001-00000413-00000759 Japan's new secrecy law will incriminate +_MTH5DntaEQ-00002-00000759-00001141 and imprison any Japanese for speaking of their illnesses +_MTH5DntaEQ-00003-00001141-00001445 deaths and losses from Fukushima's +_MTH5DntaEQ-00004-00001445-00002145 ongoing radiation release. Ever since the Fukushima dai-ichi triple meltdown +_MTH5DntaEQ-00005-00002225-00002591 of March 2011, we have not received +_MTH5DntaEQ-00006-00002591-00002908 any honest reports coming out of japan's government +_MTH5DntaEQ-00007-00002908-00003496 or TEPCO, and the IAEA; the International Atomic Energy Agency +_MTH5DntaEQ-00008-00003496-00003965 has the whole world, and all scientists silenced on the actual truth +_MTH5DntaEQ-00009-00003965-00004292 about this WORLDWIDE nuclear Event +_MTH5DntaEQ-00011-00004633-00005042 We get lies After lies of cover-ups through the mainstream media +_MTH5DntaEQ-00012-00005042-00005485 so the majority of the people worldwide have no idea +_MTH5DntaEQ-00013-00005485-00005908 about Fukushima's ongoing, deadly release of lethal +_MTH5DntaEQ-00014-00005908-00006592 man-made, weapons-grade radiation. +_MTH5DntaEQ-00015-00006592-00006754 They deny that it +_MTH5DntaEQ-00016-00006754-00007169 even happened. They say it is anything else other than radiation +_MTH5DntaEQ-00017-00007169-00007651 causing our illnesses and cancers. They blame it on cigarettes +_MTH5DntaEQ-00018-00007651-00008119 alcohol asbestos; all the things they have been blaming over the years +_MTH5DntaEQ-00019-00008119-00008451 but these things are becoming less and less in the world... +_MTH5DntaEQ-00020-00008451-00008929 ...less people are smoking, asbestos is being removed from existence... +_MTH5DntaEQ-00021-00008929-00009521 ...alcohol use is about the same, so how could they be to blame for the acceleration +_MTH5DntaEQ-00022-00009521-00009907 and now higher statistics in cancer rates, heart attacks, +_MTH5DntaEQ-00023-00009907-00010410 and birth deformities worldwide... 1 OUT OF EVERY 2 MEN, +_MTH5DntaEQ-00024-00010410-00010753 AND 1 OUT OF EVERY 3 WOMEN WILL BE DIAGNOSED WITH CANCER.. +_MTH5DntaEQ-00025-00010753-00011191 You are being lied to, and they are laughing at you +_MTH5DntaEQ-00026-00011191-00011788 as you follow along with, and believe in their lies... Einstein once said: +_MTH5DntaEQ-00027-00011788-00012115 "The world will not be destroyed by those who do evil, +_MTH5DntaEQ-00028-00012115-00012481 but by those who watch them without doing +_MTH5DntaEQ-00029-00012481-00013007 anything..." Try asking someone you work with, if they know the current news on +_MTH5DntaEQ-00030-00013007-00013109 Fukushima, +_MTH5DntaEQ-00031-00013109-00013450 and most will give you a blank look, saying something like: +_MTH5DntaEQ-00032-00013450-00013952 "What is Fukushima? Never heard of it." Or, if they DO know about it +_MTH5DntaEQ-00033-00013952-00014284 their reply will be something like: "Oh yeah, +_MTH5DntaEQ-00034-00014284-00014591 that happened a few years ago.. those poor +_MTH5DntaEQ-00035-00014591-00015116 people over there... The news media has the world living in a false, numb, +_MTH5DntaEQ-00036-00015116-00015340 and dangerous fantasy, +_MTH5DntaEQ-00037-00015350-00015560 and the people don't want you to rip them +_MTH5DntaEQ-00038-00015577-00016210 out of that imaginary world they live in. ...Those of us that do speak the truth +_MTH5DntaEQ-00039-00016210-00016775 are labeled conspiracy theorists... ...but this is not a conspiracy folks... +_MTH5DntaEQ-00040-00016775-00017127 I'm sorry to tell you; This is the REAL +_MTH5DntaEQ-00041-00017127-00017501 DEAL... +_MTH5DntaEQ-00042-00017501-00017755 We now live in a deadly +_MTH5DntaEQ-00043-00017755-00018240 radioactive world... Think about what you would have experienced +_MTH5DntaEQ-00044-00018240-00018545 if a single, HUGE, nuclear bomb +_MTH5DntaEQ-00045-00018545-00018854 large enough to take out the whole northern hemisphere +_MTH5DntaEQ-00046-00018854-00019368 of earth have been detonated three years ago. That would have been a sudden +_MTH5DntaEQ-00047-00019368-00019773 HUGE detonation, releasing all of its nuclear death +_MTH5DntaEQ-00048-00019773-00020244 immediately, and there would be no way the survivors would be able to hide, lie, +_MTH5DntaEQ-00049-00020244-00020641 or cover up the news of it... The thing +_MTH5DntaEQ-00050-00020641-00021251 within that bomb that would kill us is all the nuclear man-made isotopes of +_MTH5DntaEQ-00051-00021251-00021350 radiation +_MTH5DntaEQ-00052-00021350-00021869 that are designed to burn from the inside out, like your microwaves do when they heat your food. +_MTH5DntaEQ-00054-00021910-00022297 It would be a sudden, immediate release, +_MTH5DntaEQ-00055-00022297-00022750 and the death toll from the moment of detonation would be mind-boggling... +_MTH5DntaEQ-00056-00022890-00023040 Now... +_MTH5DntaEQ-00057-00023045-00023485 ...realize that the explosions at the nuclear reactors at Fukushima +_MTH5DntaEQ-00058-00023485-00023840 three years ago, may have been smaller detonations +_MTH5DntaEQ-00059-00023840-00024220 than a huge nuclear bomb designed to take out half our planet, +_MTH5DntaEQ-00060-00024220-00024629 but these detonations opened the sealed reactors +_MTH5DntaEQ-00061-00024629-00024936 and released their cores of nuclear materials +_MTH5DntaEQ-00062-00024936-00025286 to allow it a constant release of the same +_MTH5DntaEQ-00063-00025286-00025677 weapons-grade, nuclear isotopes that a huge +_MTH5DntaEQ-00064-00025677-00026151 nuclear bomb, large enough to take out the northern hemisphere of earth would +_MTH5DntaEQ-00065-00026151-00026510 ALSO release... +_MTH5DntaEQ-00066-00026520-00026789 Now here's where it gets even more frightening.. +_MTH5DntaEQ-00067-00026789-00027145 one of the reactors at Fukushima: reactor 3 +_MTH5DntaEQ-00068-00027145-00027582 had MOX fuel in it... That is both plutonium +_MTH5DntaEQ-00069-00027582-00027926 and uranium. The same elements that would be +_MTH5DntaEQ-00070-00027926-00028252 in a nuclear bomb designed to release the worst +_MTH5DntaEQ-00071-00028252-00028626 radioactive isotopes to kill on a wider scale. +_MTH5DntaEQ-00072-00028689-00029339 Reactor 3, and the other destroyed reactors are constantly releasing this nuclear death, +_MTH5DntaEQ-00073-00029360-00030400 24 hours I day, and have been releasing this every, single day, since March of 2011 +_MTH5DntaEQ-00074-00030420-00030820 and no, these radioactive isotopes +_MTH5DntaEQ-00075-00030822-00031328 DO NOT dilute; either in the air, or the oceans +_MTH5DntaEQ-00076-00031328-00031708 as the IAEA's pets scientists would have you believe +_MTH5DntaEQ-00077-00031708-00032141 through their publicly stated lies... they [Isotopes] build up +_MTH5DntaEQ-00078-00032141-00032452 as more, and more of them are being released, AND +_MTH5DntaEQ-00079-00032452-00033040 they multiply. These isotopes are neutrons, protons, and electrons. +_MTH5DntaEQ-00080-00033040-00033407 Atoms, in fission, and after their +_MTH5DntaEQ-00081-00033407-00034030 so-called half-lives, they do not just disappear, or get weaker. +_MTH5DntaEQ-00082-00034130-00034380 It is the fission that separates; +_MTH5DntaEQ-00083-00034384-00034700 splits the atoms into two or three. +_MTH5DntaEQ-00084-00034700-00035077 The daughters of these are now two or three times +_MTH5DntaEQ-00085-00035077-00035581 as many, and when their fission is complete, after their half-life +_MTH5DntaEQ-00086-00035581-00036026 each one of those gives birth to two or three more +_MTH5DntaEQ-00087-00036026-00036543 even deadlier radioactive isotopes that have much longer lifespans +_MTH5DntaEQ-00088-00036543-00036896 than their parents isotopes; that are also undergoing +_MTH5DntaEQ-00089-00036896-00037430 their own nuclear fission. They are constantly splitting +_MTH5DntaEQ-00090-00037430-00037600 and multiply world wide now... +_MTH5DntaEQ-00091-00037670-00038390 NOT diluting! In fact, the word 'diluting' doesn't even belong in the same sentence +_MTH5DntaEQ-00092-00038390-00038862 that is related in any way, to man-made, nuclear isotopes. +_MTH5DntaEQ-00093-00038910-00039250 When these isotopes enter your body +_MTH5DntaEQ-00094-00039257-00039657 they burn their way through your body's cells, and your DNA, +_MTH5DntaEQ-00095-00039657-00040097 as they undergo their fission. The cells become damaged, +_MTH5DntaEQ-00096-00040097-00040578 and begin to attempt to repair themselves, but your damaged DNA +_MTH5DntaEQ-00097-00040578-00040932 no longer has the ability to provide the blueprint +_MTH5DntaEQ-00098-00040932-00041459 for that cell's original composition, so the damage cells grow, and grow, +_MTH5DntaEQ-00099-00041459-00041859 not knowing when to stop, until they become malignant, +_MTH5DntaEQ-00100-00041859-00042315 cancerous tumors. If your DNA is damaged, and +_MTH5DntaEQ-00101-00042315-00042816 you have offspring, your DNA no longer has a working blueprint, +_MTH5DntaEQ-00102-00042816-00043285 to be able to know how to build another life, so we see +_MTH5DntaEQ-00103-00043285-00043780 terrible deformities in new births, including our wildlife, +_MTH5DntaEQ-00104-00043780-00044480 and in our plants +_MTH5DntaEQ-00105-00044620-00044810 So... in all truth, +_MTH5DntaEQ-00106-00044819-00045133 Fukushima needs to be compared +_MTH5DntaEQ-00107-00045133-00045445 to a VERY slow-motion, HUGE +_MTH5DntaEQ-00108-00045445-00045820 nuclear bomb, that is slowly taking out +_MTH5DntaEQ-00109-00045820-00046249 the whole Northern Hemisphere of earth... ...and much more... +_MTH5DntaEQ-00110-00046290-00046620 because these destroyed reactor buildings +_MTH5DntaEQ-00111-00046623-00046968 NEVER stop releasing the radiation. +_MTH5DntaEQ-00112-00046968-00047298 The radiation now, has become an amount +_MTH5DntaEQ-00113-00047298-00047723 that is much more than a single nuclear bomb detonation... +_MTH5DntaEQ-00114-00047723-00048090 ...think about it... +_MTH5DntaEQ-00115-00048250-00048620 They don't even know where the three cores that escaped their reactors are now. +_MTH5DntaEQ-00116-00048720-00049050 so they continuously pour water over the areas, +_MTH5DntaEQ-00117-00049050-00049350 to hopefully keep them from getting hotter... +_MTH5DntaEQ-00118-00049400-00049820 They are hot, and fully active; burning their way with +_MTH5DntaEQ-00119-00049822-00050450 full nuclear fission into earth's crust. Japan has no idea what they're doing +_MTH5DntaEQ-00120-00050450-00051034 and will not accept any help from the worldwide nuclear scientific community. +_MTH5DntaEQ-00121-00051229-00051340 Above all +_MTH5DntaEQ-00122-00051340-00051799 issues on earth we need to stop this radioactive release +_MTH5DntaEQ-00123-00051799-00052282 but what we need to stop it with has not yet been invented... +_MTH5DntaEQ-00124-00052282-00052382 ...so... +_MTH5DntaEQ-00125-00052400-00052610 what is needed is a scientific +_MTH5DntaEQ-00126-00052619-00053157 think-tank to be formed, to attempt to invent something to stop this release, +_MTH5DntaEQ-00127-00053157-00053690 but the IAEA has the nuclear scientific community turned into +_MTH5DntaEQ-00128-00053720-00053929 puppets... Instead, +_MTH5DntaEQ-00129-00053929-00054550 Our once trusted scientists speak of this disaster as though it is nothing to worry about... +_MTH5DntaEQ-00130-00054560-00055100 and compares it to natural, not harmful potassium 40 radiation in bananas... +_MTH5DntaEQ-00131-00055110-00055500 and licking iPhone chargers +_MTH5DntaEQ-00132-00055670-00055883 "These levels of radiation are just above +_MTH5DntaEQ-00133-00055883-00056310 natural background, at the WIPP site +_MTH5DntaEQ-00134-00056410-00056570 and so there is +_MTH5DntaEQ-00135-00056570-00056810 no expectation, that those measurements, +_MTH5DntaEQ-00136-00056820-00057000 for you or your children, or anyone else, +_MTH5DntaEQ-00137-00057100-00057490 will show exposure on long count. +_MTH5DntaEQ-00138-00057560-00057850 They are down to the levels of ...licking your iphone charger... +_MTH5DntaEQ-00139-00057850-00058350 and I'm not trying to be funny... I'm trying to equate radiation exposure to something you can underst..." +_MTH5DntaEQ-00140-00058370-00058879 They're treating us as though we are as mindless as snails, +_MTH5DntaEQ-00141-00058890-00059090 and watching us fall ill +_MTH5DntaEQ-00142-00059095-00059751 and die... Their argument will be that they do not want to create mass hysteria. +_MTH5DntaEQ-00143-00059751-00060137 Well, by not giving the world the truth, +_MTH5DntaEQ-00144-00060137-00060458 they are taking away our chances of survival. +_MTH5DntaEQ-00145-00060458-00060800 and I believe that puts them into the category +_MTH5DntaEQ-00146-00060810-00061479 of being MASS MURDERERS... +_NTNfd0-WJg-00000-00000113-00000910 医者に診てもらう前に、一つだけ言わせてくれ。 +_NTNfd0-WJg-00001-00001460-00001713 He’s calling out KUSHIDA! +_NTNfd0-WJg-00002-00002473-00002670 They’re staring each other down. +_NTNfd0-WJg-00003-00002690-00003113 これでヒロムとマーティー・スカルの2人を倒した。 +_NTNfd0-WJg-00004-00003183-00003796 KUSHIDA、お前に勝ったのは、 まぐれじゃなかったと証明させてくれ。 +_NTNfd0-WJg-00005-00003836-00004460 もう一度、KUSHIDA vs オスプレイで IWGPジュニア級タイトルマッチだ。 +_NTNfd0-WJg-00006-00004476-00004740 He’s chosen you, KUSHIDA. +_NTNfd0-WJg-00007-00004786-00005096 He said you’re next. +_NTNfd0-WJg-00008-00005640-00005933 イエス？ノー？ +_NTNfd0-WJg-00009-00005966-00006130 He wants an answer. +_NTNfd0-WJg-00010-00006636-00006763 もちろん。 +_NTNfd0-WJg-00011-00006773-00006909 Of course! +_NTNfd0-WJg-00012-00006916-00007196 He’s given the thumbs up! He stands and accepts! +_NTNfd0-WJg-00013-00007303-00007796 Ospreay vs KUSHIDA, another battle! +_NTNfd0-WJg-00014-00008403-00009233 The war for the IWGP Junior Championship just took a turn. +_NTNfd0-WJg-00015-00009276-00009513 This is the next battle. +_PojWO4OMK8-00000-00000096-00000720 hello guys welcome back to my channel it's me again twine so today's video i'm going +_PojWO4OMK8-00001-00000720-00001976 to make a quick review of this DIOR addict Lip maximiser so i got this in Doha Qatar airport and +_PojWO4OMK8-00002-00002048-00002832 yeah right now i'm filming in the Philippines and as you can see i made also a video of the Dior +_PojWO4OMK8-00003-00002936-00003911 lip balm what is that wonder lip lip glow colour reviver balm like a year ago so now today we're +_PojWO4OMK8-00004-00003911-00004820 going to make a review of Dior lip maximiser and we will see this is my lips right now. +_PojWO4OMK8-00005-00005160-00006104 yeah so if you are like me personally i suffer with a dry lips so i always get dry lips so +_PojWO4OMK8-00006-00006160-00007112 i got this lip maximiser hyaluronic lip plumper because i see some review that is really make your +_PojWO4OMK8-00007-00007168-00008192 lips hydrated and its really good if you have some problem like dry lips so today let's try this Dior +_PojWO4OMK8-00008-00008288-00009360 lip plumper i got the shade 007 and i think it's rose berry or +_PojWO4OMK8-00009-00009360-00010528 raspberry so this is my lips right now and let's see the effect of this lip maximiser so okay +_PojWO4OMK8-00010-00010784-00011632 let's try this one now and let me zoom the camera. +_PojWO4OMK8-00011-00011632-00012112 it's kind of like a light pink on my lips i have a dark lip so +_PojWO4OMK8-00012-00012192-00013140 i don't know if you can tell the colour because i have dark skin so my lips is also brown colour. +_PojWO4OMK8-00013-00013536-00014184 it's really soft on your lips and it's really moisturising it makes your lips hydrated +_PojWO4OMK8-00014-00014256-00015000 and it feels like minty it's cold on your lips and it's like breezy feeling. +_PojWO4OMK8-00015-00015440-00016368 and i really like this i like the feeling okay but we will see if it has a plump effect on your lips +_PojWO4OMK8-00016-00016368-00016984 okay let's wait for five minutes i will see if it's really make your lips plump. +_PojWO4OMK8-00017-00018072-00018816 but i don't see the effect of being you know like make my lips plumpy but to make your lips +_PojWO4OMK8-00018-00018944-00019344 moisturize it really makes your skin of skin it really makes your +_PojWO4OMK8-00019-00019344-00020056 lips moisturized and hydrated so if you are suffering for cracky cracky cracky lips or +_PojWO4OMK8-00020-00020056-00020680 anything chappy lips it's really good for you like me so i personally love this one right now +_PojWO4OMK8-00021-00020752-00021584 because it could help to hydrate my lips and i also love this other one this balm so +_PojWO4OMK8-00022-00021584-00022296 i would put this plumper first and then when it's um make my lips very soft and then i would apply +_PojWO4OMK8-00023-00022296-00022864 these balm because this one is really nice it's like baby pink colour like natural look +_PojWO4OMK8-00024-00022944-00023624 but now it's like almost gone so i got this one so i just wanted to try this one so let's see +_PojWO4OMK8-00025-00023832-00024352 so that's it for the review for me i personally like this one because it makes my lips really +_PojWO4OMK8-00026-00024352-00024920 hydrated so it's a good steal so you should definitely get this one i'm happy i'm glad that i +_PojWO4OMK8-00027-00024920-00025456 got this one and i think i would buy the other color as well like the light pink +_PojWO4OMK8-00028-00025456-00026095 like something natural it's not this one it also looks natural but i would love to +_PojWO4OMK8-00029-00026095-00026632 get the other color as well they have also like a dark red dark red or something like a +_PojWO4OMK8-00030-00026736-00027295 brownish you know like it's good for on daily use you have a brown skin it will definitely fit +_PojWO4OMK8-00031-00027295-00027904 on you but i would love to get the light pink as well i hope that you enjoyed this video and +_PojWO4OMK8-00032-00027904-00028416 please don't forget to subscribe on my channel and please hit the button the red button right there +_PojWO4OMK8-00033-00028416-00028897 and please like my video if you enjoyed thank you for watching see you my next one bye . :) [Music] +_S2JGjE8SLk-00000-00000620-00000711 - Hello, everyone. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00001-00000711-00000958 Welcome to Def Con Safe Mode. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00002-00000958-00001086 Was it special here? +_S2JGjE8SLk-00003-00001086-00001260 Glad to see you in this way. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00004-00001411-00001597 Our talk is evil printer. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00005-00001597-00001908 How to hack Windows machines with Printing Protocol. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00006-00002238-00002486 First, a self-introduction. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00007-00002486-00002780 Zhipeng Huo is a senior security researcher, +_S2JGjE8SLk-00008-00002780-00002962 and he's a member of EcoSec Team +_S2JGjE8SLk-00009-00002962-00003227 at Tencent Security Xuanwu Lab. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00010-00003227-00003663 His research focused on Windows and MacOS platform security. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00011-00003663-00003893 He has found and reported many vulnerabilities +_S2JGjE8SLk-00012-00003893-00004055 to Microsoft and Apple. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00013-00004230-00004556 To entertain is a code also of this presentation. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00014-00004556-00004898 He leads the EcoSec Team at Tencent Security Xuanwu lab. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00015-00005473-00005714 This is the agenda of our talk. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00016-00005714-00005997 First, the introduction of printing internals, +_S2JGjE8SLk-00017-00005997-00006235 components, and interactions +_S2JGjE8SLk-00018-00006235-00006601 that recover the attack surface of Windows printing. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00019-00006601-00006880 Finally, a critical bug that we found, +_S2JGjE8SLk-00020-00006880-00007209 a detailed walkthrough of its exploitation, and patch. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00021-00007537-00007692 We have published a demo video on Twitter +_S2JGjE8SLk-00022-00007692-00007836 about two months ago. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00023-00007931-00008367 First, the attacker listens for incoming connections. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00024-00008367-00008584 Next, the victim tries to connect +_S2JGjE8SLk-00025-00008584-00008739 to attacker-controlled printer. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00026-00008961-00009156 The attacker immediately gets a reverse shell +_S2JGjE8SLk-00027-00009156-00009294 with system privilege. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00028-00009384-00009666 This vulnerability is what we call the evil printer. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00029-00009797-00010056 In this talk, we will show you what it is, +_S2JGjE8SLk-00030-00010056-00010269 how we found and exploited, +_S2JGjE8SLk-00031-00010269-00010399 and what can you do. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00032-00010852-00011165 Most of you, may have done some printing before. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00033-00011165-00011577 And many of you may have worked with a network printer. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00034-00011577-00011856 So how does network printing works? +_S2JGjE8SLk-00035-00012060-00012312 The system where user create the print job on, +_S2JGjE8SLk-00036-00012312-00012438 is a Print Client. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00037-00012580-00012847 Print Server connects to the physical printer +_S2JGjE8SLk-00038-00012847-00013090 and makes the printer available to other systems +_S2JGjE8SLk-00039-00013090-00013184 on the network. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00040-00013329-00013624 When client wants to print a document, +_S2JGjE8SLk-00041-00013624-00013928 you would go to the server and say, Hey, Server, +_S2JGjE8SLk-00042-00013928-00014042 print this document. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00043-00014200-00014418 The server gets the print job. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00044-00014418-00014738 Then would go to the real printer and say, Hey, printer, +_S2JGjE8SLk-00045-00014738-00014832 print this. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00046-00014986-00015304 The printer would finally print a document for the client. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00047-00015472-00015581 This is the procedure +_S2JGjE8SLk-00048-00015581-00015848 when you want to print a document or a client. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00049-00016419-00016680 There are so many different printer products +_S2JGjE8SLk-00050-00016680-00016953 manufactured by different companies. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00051-00016953-00017238 Printers does not understand application data +_S2JGjE8SLk-00052-00017238-00017424 from print clients. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00053-00017424-00017758 So the application data needs to be converted +_S2JGjE8SLk-00054-00017758-00018068 to the data format that the printer could understand. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00055-00018068-00018271 This process is called rendering. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00056-00018369-00018512 In a network printing, +_S2JGjE8SLk-00057-00018512-00018726 there are two different types of rendering. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00058-00018726-00018907 Client-side and service-side. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00059-00019004-00019292 For client-side Rendering, print client translates +_S2JGjE8SLk-00060-00019292-00019608 the application data to printer-specific data +_S2JGjE8SLk-00061-00019608-00019832 then sends the data to the prime server. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00062-00019923-00020224 For server-side rendering, print client +_S2JGjE8SLk-00063-00020224-00020573 sends the unmodified data directly to the Print Server, +_S2JGjE8SLk-00064-00020573-00020852 then Print Server translates the application data +_S2JGjE8SLk-00065-00020852-00021037 to printer-specific data. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00066-00021260-00021575 The rendering, job are handled by Print Driver. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00067-00021918-00022293 Printer driver is an important component of printing. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00068-00022293-00022478 It is the interface component +_S2JGjE8SLk-00069-00022478-00022676 between the OS and the printers. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00070-00022795-00023101 Printer Drivers include a rendering component, +_S2JGjE8SLk-00071-00023101-00023280 and a configuration component. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00072-00023389-00023662 A rendering component, converts application data +_S2JGjE8SLk-00073-00023662-00023870 into the data that printer could use. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00074-00023958-00024316 And the configuration component contains a user interface +_S2JGjE8SLk-00075-00024316-00024559 that enables users to control the printers. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00076-00024844-00024944 In order to support +_S2JGjE8SLk-00077-00024944-00025178 both client-side and service-side rendering, +_S2JGjE8SLk-00078-00025178-00025447 it is a requirement that the printer drivers are available +_S2JGjE8SLk-00079-00025447-00025660 to both print client and print server. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00080-00025815-00026103 There are two mechanisms for distributing printer driver. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00081-00026103-00026295 They are called Point-And-Print, +_S2JGjE8SLk-00082-00026295-00026467 and Package Point-And-Print. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00083-00026569-00026804 Point-And-Print, allows a print client +_S2JGjE8SLk-00084-00026804-00027132 to download printer driver directly from a print server. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00085-00027217-00027530 Package Point-And-Print, allows a printer client +_S2JGjE8SLk-00086-00027530-00027753 to download a printer support package. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00087-00027845-00028116 And the package would include a needed printer driver. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00088-00028377-00028660 According to Microsoft, the package approach +_S2JGjE8SLk-00089-00028660-00029008 to driver installation provides improved security +_S2JGjE8SLk-00090-00029008-00029138 for Point-And-Print +_S2JGjE8SLk-00091-00029138-00029420 by checking drivers signing during the establishment +_S2JGjE8SLk-00092-00029420-00029586 of a Point-And-Print connection. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00093-00029864-00030143 print spooler Service, is the core of Windows printing. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00094-00030258-00030639 print spooler Service, manages print drivers. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00095-00030639-00030968 It is responsible for retrieving the correct print driver +_S2JGjE8SLk-00096-00030968-00031131 and dynamically loading it. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00097-00031272-00031495 It is an auto-start service, on Windows OS. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00098-00031594-00031824 It manages the entire printing process, +_S2JGjE8SLk-00099-00031824-00032169 and exports the printing APIs for other printing component +_S2JGjE8SLk-00100-00032169-00032368 and the user applications to use. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00101-00032574-00032902 It implements both Print Client and Print Server roles. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00102-00033120-00033502 The design of the print spooler is extremely dangerous. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00103-00033502-00033812 For example, it runs at system privileged level, +_S2JGjE8SLk-00104-00033812-00034135 it has networking tasks, and it can dynamically load +_S2JGjE8SLk-00105-00034135-00034240 third party binaries. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00106-00034428-00034581 Client-server printing model, +_S2JGjE8SLk-00107-00034581-00034831 it's a very common model that shares the printers +_S2JGjE8SLk-00108-00034831-00035086 through the network to many users. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00109-00035086-00035186 In this model, +_S2JGjE8SLk-00110-00035186-00035501 print server connects to the real printer and share itself +_S2JGjE8SLk-00111-00035501-00035657 in the network. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00112-00035657-00035967 The print client, connects to their shared print server. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00113-00036062-00036421 But applications on print client want to start print job. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00114-00036421-00036642 It costs the printing APIs +_S2JGjE8SLk-00115-00036642-00036883 to communicate with the local print spooler. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00116-00036992-00037192 Then print spooler, will send the action +_S2JGjE8SLk-00117-00037192-00037429 to the remote print spooler on our print server +_S2JGjE8SLk-00118-00037429-00037779 through network protocols, such as SMB. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00119-00037936-00038225 The print spooler on the print server would communicate +_S2JGjE8SLk-00120-00038225-00038503 with the real printer to finish the printing job. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00121-00038693-00038907 The Windows sprinting is ancient. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00122-00038907-00039232 It has existed for more than 25 years. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00123-00039232-00039488 It's highly integrated with Windows OS, +_S2JGjE8SLk-00124-00039488-00039756 and it is one of the most important services. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00125-00039881-00040112 The architecture and the implementation of it, +_S2JGjE8SLk-00126-00040112-00040431 is extremely complex, even confusing. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00127-00040540-00040893 Many parts of it works at the highest privilege level +_S2JGjE8SLk-00128-00040893-00041143 to make it one for the most valuable targets +_S2JGjE8SLk-00129-00041143-00041248 for bug hunting. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00130-00041512-00041846 There are two types of attacks surfaces of Windows printing. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00131-00041961-00042216 First, the Local Attack Surface. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00132-00042331-00042633 In order to serve applications and other components +_S2JGjE8SLk-00133-00042633-00042895 running at different privilege levels, +_S2JGjE8SLk-00134-00042895-00043171 Windows printing made many of its interfaces +_S2JGjE8SLk-00135-00043171-00043325 available to applications +_S2JGjE8SLk-00136-00043325-00043543 running at lower privilege levels. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00137-00043663-00043974 Abusing them, may cause Local Privilege Escalation. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00138-00044218-00044547 Second, the Remote Attack Surface. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00139-00044547-00044863 Inclined server printing model, poster print server, +_S2JGjE8SLk-00140-00044863-00045165 and print client would suffer from the potential attack. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00141-00045294-00045638 For the print server, is shares the printer to other users +_S2JGjE8SLk-00142-00045638-00045974 and expose itself to potential attacks in the network. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00143-00046081-00046198 For a print client, +_S2JGjE8SLk-00144-00046198-00046473 it may be attacked by a malicious print server, +_S2JGjE8SLk-00145-00046473-00046664 also known as evil printer. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00146-00046884-00047089 What happens behind the scenes when Windows +_S2JGjE8SLk-00147-00047089-00047212 connects to a printer? +_S2JGjE8SLk-00148-00047439-00047787 If a user wants to do print jobs through a print server, +_S2JGjE8SLk-00149-00047787-00048022 they must actively connect to the print server. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00150-00048124-00048311 There are many methods for print client +_S2JGjE8SLk-00151-00048311-00048525 to connect to a print server. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00152-00048525-00048730 If you are familiar with PowerShell, +_S2JGjE8SLk-00153-00048730-00049024 you could use Add-Printer command line to add a new network +_S2JGjE8SLk-00154-00049024-00049399 printer connection by specifying the name of a print server, +_S2JGjE8SLk-00155-00049399-00049594 and a shared printer on that server. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00156-00049699-00049847 If you want to programme, +_S2JGjE8SLk-00157-00049847-00050165 Microsoft provides Win32 print spooler API, +_S2JGjE8SLk-00158-00050165-00050459 such as AddPrinterConnection, and AddPrinterConnection2. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00159-00050722-00051185 And you could also use the GUI provided by printui/im +_S2JGjE8SLk-00160-00051185-00051409 to select a shared printer by name. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00161-00051646-00051880 Although many methods could be used for connecting +_S2JGjE8SLk-00162-00051880-00052073 to a specified print server, +_S2JGjE8SLk-00163-00052073-00052333 they could be traced to the one same API, +_S2JGjE8SLk-00164-00052333-00052442 AddPrinterConnection2. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00165-00052647-00052971 This API, adds a connection to the specified printer +_S2JGjE8SLk-00166-00052971-00053391 for the current user and specify the connection details. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00167-00053391-00053638 The print server, and shared printer name +_S2JGjE8SLk-00168-00053638-00053879 are passed in through parameter pszName. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00169-00054361-00054507 When adding printer connection, +_S2JGjE8SLk-00170-00054507-00054715 if the print client needs to download +_S2JGjE8SLk-00171-00054715-00055124 and install a printer driver from a remote print server, +_S2JGjE8SLk-00172-00055124-00055341 it will show a warning dialogue to ask a user +_S2JGjE8SLk-00173-00055341-00055602 to install the driver or cancel the request. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00174-00055761-00056026 What's the purpose of this warning dialogue? +_S2JGjE8SLk-00175-00056026-00056167 About four years ago, +_S2JGjE8SLk-00176-00056167-00056575 security researchers from Victoria AI found a remote code +_S2JGjE8SLk-00177-00056575-00056991 execution vulnerability in Windows print spooler service. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00178-00056991-00057214 The root cause of this vulnerability, +_S2JGjE8SLk-00179-00057214-00057426 is print client would load and install +_S2JGjE8SLk-00180-00057426-00057615 a malicious printer driver +_S2JGjE8SLk-00181-00057615-00057845 from attacker control print server. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00182-00057939-00058112 To address this vulnerability, +_S2JGjE8SLk-00183-00058112-00058403 Microsoft simply added a warning dialogue +_S2JGjE8SLk-00184-00058403-00058769 before installing on trusted printer drivers. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00185-00058769-00058986 It does protect the print client +_S2JGjE8SLk-00186-00058986-00059325 from installing printer drivers without a user concent. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00187-00059414-00059668 But is this protection sufficient? +_S2JGjE8SLk-00188-00059826-00060000 In order to answer this question, +_S2JGjE8SLk-00189-00060000-00060171 let's take into the implementation +_S2JGjE8SLk-00190-00060171-00060460 of AddPrinterConnection2 first. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00191-00060460-00060697 Any applications or print client, +_S2JGjE8SLk-00192-00060697-00060926 that code AddPrinterConnection2 API +_S2JGjE8SLk-00193-00060926-00061259 would send an RPC call to print spooler service +_S2JGjE8SLk-00194-00061259-00061378 on printer client. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00195-00061541-00061805 The remote function code is RPCAddPrinterconnection2. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00196-00062066-00062363 If the print client is trying to add a remote print server, +_S2JGjE8SLk-00197-00062363-00062557 the print spooler on print client, +_S2JGjE8SLk-00198-00062557-00062932 would try to communicate with print spooler on print server +_S2JGjE8SLk-00199-00062932-00063099 and get information from it. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00200-00063302-00063562 When print server is fully controllable, +_S2JGjE8SLk-00201-00063562-00063804 it is obvious that the data back to the print spooler +_S2JGjE8SLk-00202-00063804-00063895 on print client, +_S2JGjE8SLk-00203-00063895-00064145 it's also fully controllable by print server. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00204-00064294-00064426 For print client, +_S2JGjE8SLk-00205-00064426-00064710 it is an input source that cannot be trusted. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00206-00064839-00065146 If delivery information is not fully verified, +_S2JGjE8SLk-00207-00065146-00065389 it would cause critical security issues. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00208-00065570-00065726 Information from the print server +_S2JGjE8SLk-00209-00065726-00066019 would be handled by print spooler on print client. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00210-00066019-00066142 After finishing, +_S2JGjE8SLk-00211-00066142-00066501 it would return to the color of AddPrinterConnection2. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00212-00066679-00066921 AddPrinterConnection2, would get the return value +_S2JGjE8SLk-00213-00066921-00067190 from print spooler and print client directly. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00214-00067294-00067480 Error code 0xBB9, +_S2JGjE8SLk-00215-00067480-00067729 which is error printer driver download needed +_S2JGjE8SLk-00216-00067729-00067920 is a special case. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00217-00067920-00068197 The error, just as the name described. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00218-00068197-00068505 It means the print client does not have the required drivers +_S2JGjE8SLk-00219-00068505-00068750 and needs to be downloaded from the print server. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00220-00068869-00069297 Apparently receiving this error, the AddPrinterConnection2, +_S2JGjE8SLk-00221-00069297-00069510 well immediately start to download and install +_S2JGjE8SLk-00222-00069510-00069621 the needed driver. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00223-00069740-00070084 It cost the function, DownloadAndInstallLegacyDriver. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00224-00070187-00070414 This function would load a new module, +_S2JGjE8SLk-00225-00070414-00070670 ntprint, and call function +_S2JGjE8SLk-00226-00070670-00070978 PSetupDownloadAndInstallLegacyDriver. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00227-00071171-00071325 But before the real download, +_S2JGjE8SLk-00228-00071325-00071620 you would call display warning for download driver, +_S2JGjE8SLk-00229-00071620-00071769 to show a warning dialogue +_S2JGjE8SLk-00230-00071769-00072127 for user to choose to install the driver, or just cancel. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00231-00072328-00072587 You would call, DownloadAndInstallLegacyDriver function +_S2JGjE8SLk-00232-00072587-00072853 to finish the installation of remote printer, +_S2JGjE8SLk-00233-00072853-00073059 only if the user confirms to install. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00234-00073209-00073416 This is the most common scenario +_S2JGjE8SLk-00235-00073416-00073620 of adding a new network printer. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00236-00073767-00073928 But as we have described, +_S2JGjE8SLk-00237-00073928-00074171 Windows printing has two different mechanisms; +_S2JGjE8SLk-00238-00074171-00074506 Point-And-Print, and package Point-And-Print. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00239-00074506-00074826 To download the correct printer drivers. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00240-00074826-00075151 So which mechanism does it use in your common case? +_S2JGjE8SLk-00241-00075282-00075460 In order to know the implementation +_S2JGjE8SLk-00242-00075460-00075698 of a DownloadAandInstallLegacyDriver, +_S2JGjE8SLk-00243-00075698-00076074 we do not want to do too much reverse engineering works. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00244-00076074-00076351 Instead, we prefer to observe the behaviour +_S2JGjE8SLk-00245-00076351-00076495 of our operations. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00246-00076608-00076793 And we really recommend you doing this, +_S2JGjE8SLk-00247-00076793-00077056 especially when you are analyzing a complex application +_S2JGjE8SLk-00248-00077056-00077271 or want to find some logical bugs. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00249-00077407-00077677 Here we use process monitor to capture the driver, +_S2JGjE8SLk-00250-00077677-00077824 download operations. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00251-00077977-00078345 This screenshot shows defy operation of print spooler +_S2JGjE8SLk-00252-00078345-00078483 on print client, +_S2JGjE8SLk-00253-00078483-00078699 after we confirm to install the driver. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00254-00078834-00079082 We noticed the print spooler on print client +_S2JGjE8SLk-00255-00079082-00079433 reads information through RPC from the print server, +_S2JGjE8SLk-00256-00079433-00079609 and then write the print driver files +_S2JGjE8SLk-00257-00079609-00079876 to a temporary directory directly. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00258-00080029-00080342 This is the whole procedure of downloading printer driver +_S2JGjE8SLk-00259-00080342-00080446 from print server. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00260-00080803-00081015 After the printer driver is downloaded, +_S2JGjE8SLk-00261-00081015-00081276 it should be installed so the print client could use it +_S2JGjE8SLk-00262-00081276-00081437 to do client-side rendering. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00263-00081553-00081840 And we could notice from file operations, +_S2JGjE8SLk-00264-00081840-00082032 that the drivers in temporary directory +_S2JGjE8SLk-00265-00082032-00082252 are moved to the system driver directory. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00266-00082473-00082857 This is the procedure of printer driver installation. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00267-00082857-00083132 Now the printer driver is successfully downloaded +_S2JGjE8SLk-00268-00083132-00083224 and installed. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00269-00083407-00083640 So which mechanism is this? +_S2JGjE8SLk-00270-00083640-00083843 We did not see any package here. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00271-00083843-00084153 It seems all printer drivers are directly downloaded from +_S2JGjE8SLk-00272-00084153-00084323 the print server. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00273-00084323-00084553 So it seems to be Point-And-Print. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00274-00084696-00084927 So why does the current print client +_S2JGjE8SLk-00275-00084927-00085209 only used the Point-And-Print mechanism? +_S2JGjE8SLk-00276-00085209-00085470 How does the print client and server, +_S2JGjE8SLk-00277-00085470-00085663 negotiate which one to use? +_S2JGjE8SLk-00278-00085758-00086017 How to enable the package Point-And-Print +_S2JGjE8SLk-00279-00086259-00086385 to answer this question, +_S2JGjE8SLk-00280-00086385-00086673 we take into the RPCAddPrinterConnection2 function +_S2JGjE8SLk-00281-00086673-00086794 in print spooler. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00282-00086891-00087095 The procedure of AddPrinterConnection2 +_S2JGjE8SLk-00283-00087095-00087256 is very complex. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00284-00087256-00087444 We found the adding connection and operation +_S2JGjE8SLk-00285-00087444-00087597 of the remote printer, +_S2JGjE8SLk-00286-00087597-00087862 is handled by the Win32spl module. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00287-00087969-00088052 You will try to code the, +_S2JGjE8SLk-00288-00088052-00088476 CreateLocalPrinter function to create a local printer. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00289-00088476-00088859 Then it uses acquire V3 driver and add printer function +_S2JGjE8SLk-00290-00088859-00089002 to get printer driver. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00291-00089117-00089282 Before getting a driver, +_S2JGjE8SLk-00292-00089282-00089587 it needs to DetermineInstallType. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00293-00089587-00089677 In this function, +_S2JGjE8SLk-00294-00089677-00089974 it tries to go, CheckPackagePointAndPrint. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00295-00090178-00090416 This function name seems to indicate, +_S2JGjE8SLk-00296-00090416-00090627 you would determine to use to Point-And-Print +_S2JGjE8SLk-00297-00090627-00090833 or package Point-And-Print mechanism. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00298-00091052-00091344 But how does the function CheckPackagePointAndPrint +_S2JGjE8SLk-00299-00091344-00091596 determines new mechanisms? +_S2JGjE8SLk-00300-00091596-00091756 Let's see the implementation. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00301-00091929-00092109 Here is it's pseudo code. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00302-00092198-00092633 If there's a byte one, 0xA8 offset of an object, +_S2JGjE8SLk-00303-00092633-00092963 the print spooler would download and input driver packages. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00304-00093054-00093258 But what is this object? +_S2JGjE8SLk-00305-00093258-00093421 Where it comes from? +_S2JGjE8SLk-00306-00093421-00093674 And can we control it from the print server? +_S2JGjE8SLk-00307-00093921-00094127 We found the print client gets that object +_S2JGjE8SLk-00308-00094127-00094413 by calling function RemoteGetPrinterDriver. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00309-00094500-00094772 The function in fact, it's just an RPC stop. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00310-00094917-00095159 The real implementation is RPCAsyncGetPrinterDdriver +_S2JGjE8SLk-00311-00095278-00095490 in print spooler of print server. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00312-00095618-00096015 The object is a return data from a remote print server. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00313-00096015-00096277 So it is fully controllable by print server. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00314-00096460-00096671 The structure of the returned object, +_S2JGjE8SLk-00315-00096671-00096902 is a driver info eight. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00316-00097058-00097456 And we could know that at the 0xa8 offset, +_S2JGjE8SLk-00317-00097456-00097621 is the dwPrinterDriverAttributes. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00318-00097869-00098094 The objects has many other interesting items, +_S2JGjE8SLk-00319-00098094-00098483 such as driver path, config path and inf path, and so on. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00320-00098599-00098818 Your definitions of printer driver attributes +_S2JGjE8SLk-00321-00098818-00099136 could be found in a Windows 10 software department kit. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00322-00099232-00099523 What we care about, is just a value one, +_S2JGjE8SLk-00323-00099523-00099776 which is printer driver package aware. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00324-00099873-00100258 It means, the printer driver is part of a driver package. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00325-00100504-00100660 Now the things get clear, +_S2JGjE8SLk-00326-00100753-00101052 if the printer driver attributes of the print server +_S2JGjE8SLk-00327-00101052-00101290 is printer driver package aware, +_S2JGjE8SLk-00328-00101290-00101563 the print client would use the package Point-And-Print +_S2JGjE8SLk-00329-00101563-00101866 mechanisms to download an important package drivers. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00330-00102115-00102367 The mechanism you use to download print drivers are solely +_S2JGjE8SLk-00331-00102367-00102682 determined by the gray mode print server. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00332-00102682-00102956 That seems very interesting and may be dangerous. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00333-00103219-00103563 What is a driver package in package Point-And-Print? +_S2JGjE8SLk-00334-00103733-00104042 A driver package, is just a collection of files +_S2JGjE8SLk-00335-00104042-00104323 that are needed to successfully load the printer driver. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00336-00104451-00104708 It may contain a device information file, +_S2JGjE8SLk-00337-00104708-00105083 a catalog file, and all files copied by information file. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00338-00105292-00105508 Now we know how to force the print client +_S2JGjE8SLk-00339-00105508-00105777 to use to package Point-And-Print mechanism, +_S2JGjE8SLk-00340-00105777-00106019 and we know the print client would try to download +_S2JGjE8SLk-00341-00106019-00106300 a package driver from the print server, +_S2JGjE8SLk-00342-00106300-00106631 but where does print client gets the package from? +_S2JGjE8SLk-00343-00106631-00106860 Can we control the package content? +_S2JGjE8SLk-00344-00107061-00107216 After some research, +_S2JGjE8SLk-00345-00107216-00107427 we found that all printer driver packages +_S2JGjE8SLk-00346-00107427-00107700 are stored in a PCC directory. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00347-00107700-00107969 And the file name of package driver is very interesting. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00348-00107969-00108303 It is the final directory name of the inf path +_S2JGjE8SLk-00349-00108303-00108476 and print driver info. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00350-00108944-00109244 If the print client knows the print server wants to use +_S2JGjE8SLk-00351-00109244-00109513 package Point-And-Print mechanism, +_S2JGjE8SLk-00352-00109513-00109829 you would download and import driver packages. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00353-00109829-00110110 But before import ,the print client would first download +_S2JGjE8SLk-00354-00110110-00110343 the driver package and then extract it. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00355-00110503-00110730 The print client would use key driver install, +_S2JGjE8SLk-00356-00110730-00111223 internal copy file to copy driver packages from print server +_S2JGjE8SLk-00357-00111223-00111598 that you would use NCabbingLibrary, LegacyCapUnpack, +_S2JGjE8SLk-00358-00111598-00111768 to extract the package. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00359-00111882-00112083 And the most important thing is, +_S2JGjE8SLk-00360-00112083-00112307 the download and extract operations +_S2JGjE8SLk-00361-00112307-00112656 are all happened before showing the warning dialogue. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00362-00112754-00112964 It seems that this could be abused. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00363-00113166-00113558 We know that the driver package is a cabinet file. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00364-00113558-00113821 A cabinet file, is archive file format +_S2JGjE8SLk-00365-00113821-00113944 for Microsoft Windows. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00366-00114066-00114499 It is ancient and has existed for many years. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00367-00114499-00114901 It has the suffix .cap, and acts like a container +_S2JGjE8SLk-00368-00114901-00115014 for other files. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00369-00115231-00115474 In order to extract the cabin file, +_S2JGjE8SLk-00370-00115474-00115617 Microsoft provides a lot of +_S2JGjE8SLk-00371-00115617-00115942 file decompression interface APIs. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00372-00115942-00116192 Here are some examples. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00373-00116192-00116683 First, FDICreate is used to create a FDI context +_S2JGjE8SLk-00374-00116683-00116977 for cabinet file operations. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00375-00116977-00117343 Next, FDI copy is the most important one. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00376-00117343-00117595 It is used to extract files from cabinet. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00377-00117841-00118161 FDI destroy, deletes and open the FDI context +_S2JGjE8SLk-00378-00118161-00118392 after the cabinet operations. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00379-00118546-00118759 FDICopy is the primary API +_S2JGjE8SLk-00380-00118759-00118957 for extracting files from the cabinet. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00381-00119058-00119395 This API is designed to be very flexible. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00382-00119395-00119601 It provides application-defined callback +_S2JGjE8SLk-00383-00119601-00119907 notification functions to update the application +_S2JGjE8SLk-00384-00119907-00120082 on the status of a decompressor. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00385-00120281-00120564 So the behavior of cabinet extraction, +_S2JGjE8SLk-00386-00120564-00120829 is highly dependent on the implementation +_S2JGjE8SLk-00387-00120829-00121006 of users of the API. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00388-00121110-00121229 As we have described, +_S2JGjE8SLk-00389-00121229-00121680 the print client would use NCabbingLibrary:LegacyCabUnpack, +_S2JGjE8SLk-00390-00121680-00121959 to extract files from the downloaded cab files. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00391-00122057-00122385 This function use FDI copy to extract files, +_S2JGjE8SLk-00392-00122385-00122553 we send notification callback. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00393-00122685-00122860 NCabbingLibrary, FdiCabNotify +_S2JGjE8SLk-00394-00122860-00123128 to control the extraction operation of files. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00395-00123470-00123643 In the callback notification, +_S2JGjE8SLk-00396-00123643-00124085 you would receive the fdintCOPY_FILE notfication +_S2JGjE8SLk-00397-00124085-00124298 to handle copy file operation. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00398-00124486-00124820 This is part of a pseudo code of copy file processing. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00399-00125094-00125359 The copy file operation would finally call +_S2JGjE8SLk-00400-00125359-00125753 the NCabbingLibrary:ProcessCopyFile. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00401-00125753-00125889 The ProcessCopyFile, +_S2JGjE8SLk-00402-00125889-00126183 first call NcabbingLibrary: :CreateFullPath, +_S2JGjE8SLk-00403-00126183-00126497 to create a directory, if the specified directory +_S2JGjE8SLk-00404-00126497-00126627 does not exist. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00405-00126807-00126983 When creating the FullPath, +_S2JGjE8SLk-00406-00126983-00127291 you would check if the past ..\. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00407-00127426-00127710 If it has, the function with just returned with an error. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00408-00127881-00128153 But it forgot to check the ../, +_S2JGjE8SLk-00409-00128153-00128366 which also works on Windows OS, +_S2JGjE8SLk-00410-00128366-00128592 and it could be used to do path reversal. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00411-00128751-00128938 After creating the full path, +_S2JGjE8SLk-00412-00128938-00129282 it would then call the open function to open the file. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00413-00129282-00129465 If the file does not exist, +_S2JGjE8SLk-00414-00129465-00129725 it would create the file via the Ocreate flag. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00415-00129920-00130300 Now it is obvious, that there is a path traversal issue, +_S2JGjE8SLk-00416-00130300-00130631 from print client, extract to download it to cabinet file. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00417-00130726-00131039 And the cabinet file is provided by a print server. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00418-00131164-00131428 Let's try to make a malformed cab file. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00419-00131627-00131956 Windows has provided to comment makecab, +_S2JGjE8SLk-00420-00131956-00132102 for cabinet file creation. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00421-00132201-00132325 However, +_S2JGjE8SLk-00422-00132325-00132630 makecab could not create cabinet file with the file name +_S2JGjE8SLk-00423-00132630-00132764 contain slashes. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00424-00132963-00133225 So we decided to create a simple cab, +_S2JGjE8SLk-00425-00133225-00133402 and then change the name of a file, +_S2JGjE8SLk-00426-00133402-00133526 we send on the program. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00427-00133730-00134063 Here we used makecab to create a test.cab. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00428-00134201-00134360 After we have a cabinet file, +_S2JGjE8SLk-00429-00134360-00134683 we try to change the file name inside the cabinet file. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00430-00134683-00134938 We use the programs such as seven zip, +_S2JGjE8SLk-00431-00134938-00135139 and try to edit to the name of the file. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00432-00135356-00135611 But the file name is not editable. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00433-00135724-00135941 That's very sad. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00434-00135941-00136049 Are we doomed? +_S2JGjE8SLk-00435-00136280-00136464 No, that could not stop us. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00436-00136464-00136744 We could still modify the file names directly in binary. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00437-00136924-00137194 Let's add it to the file name, with the hex editor. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00438-00137352-00137532 Here we use a small trick, +_S2JGjE8SLk-00439-00137532-00137862 using one's and two's in file names as placeholders. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00440-00137960-00138181 We just modify all the ones in file names, +_S2JGjE8SLk-00441-00138181-00138445 to dot and twos, to slash. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00442-00138684-00138811 After the modification, +_S2JGjE8SLk-00443-00138811-00139224 we use unzip program to open the cabinet file again. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00444-00139224-00139383 It can be successfully opened, +_S2JGjE8SLk-00445-00139383-00139649 and the file name contains ../ +_S2JGjE8SLk-00446-00139649-00139877 that could be used to do path reversal. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00447-00139961-00140175 We now have a malformed cabinet. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00448-00140414-00140631 Replace the cabinet file in the print server +_S2JGjE8SLk-00449-00140631-00140935 was this malformed cab to make it an evil printer. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00450-00141253-00141497 Let's make an evil printer. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00451-00141497-00141580 First, +_S2JGjE8SLk-00452-00141580-00141818 we should have a fully controllable print server. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00453-00141909-00142083 To prepare a print server, +_S2JGjE8SLk-00454-00142083-00142360 we prefer to use a virtual PDF printer +_S2JGjE8SLk-00455-00142360-00142480 to simulate the printer +_S2JGjE8SLk-00456-00142480-00142697 instead of getting a real physical printer. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00457-00142863-00143151 There are many virtual printer products available. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00458-00143151-00143427 Here, we randomly choose one, the CutePDFWriter. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00459-00143576-00143795 Or other virtual printers should also work. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00460-00143977-00144343 To prepare a workable print server, is very easy. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00461-00144343-00144673 Just install the printer and then share the sprinter so that +_S2JGjE8SLk-00462-00144673-00144935 any user on your network can print to it. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00463-00145031-00145340 Here, we just share the printer with the share name Test. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00464-00145572-00145896 Now we have got a falling controllable print server. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00465-00145896-00146163 You will wait for a print client to connect to it. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00466-00146352-00146595 Because the print server is fully controllable, +_S2JGjE8SLk-00467-00146595-00146910 we have many ways to change the return data before it sends +_S2JGjE8SLk-00468-00146910-00147032 to the print client. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00469-00147150-00147488 The easiest way is to change the real printer driver info +_S2JGjE8SLk-00470-00147488-00147639 of the shared printer. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00471-00147777-00147902 We found the print server, +_S2JGjE8SLk-00472-00147902-00148198 store all the definitions of printer driver information +_S2JGjE8SLk-00473-00148198-00148305 in the registry. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00474-00148476-00148645 As shown in this screenshot, +_S2JGjE8SLk-00475-00148645-00148946 we could now the default print driver attribute +_S2JGjE8SLk-00476-00148946-00149186 of CutePDF Writer is zero. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00477-00149474-00149839 Now, let's make a package Point-And-Print print server. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00478-00149969-00150320 First, we need to make sure the printer driver attributes +_S2JGjE8SLk-00479-00150320-00150527 of the shared printer is one. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00480-00150527-00150633 So that print client, +_S2JGjE8SLk-00481-00150633-00150928 would use to package Point-And-Print mechanism. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00482-00151100-00151372 Next, we need to configure the driver package +_S2JGjE8SLk-00483-00151372-00151524 that will be downloaded. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00484-00151672-00151822 As we have described, +_S2JGjE8SLk-00485-00151822-00152051 the package name comes from the directory name +_S2JGjE8SLk-00486-00152051-00152136 of the inf path. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00487-00152296-00152759 Here, we configure it to C:\test\test.inf. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00488-00152956-00153184 And make sure the info exists. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00489-00153326-00153571 The package name, that will be downloaded, +_S2JGjE8SLk-00490-00153571-00153736 it should be test.cab. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00491-00154000-00154370 We just needed to place a prepared test.cab +_S2JGjE8SLk-00492-00154370-00154531 to the PCC directory. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00493-00154691-00154955 Now we finally have a workable evil printer. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00494-00155119-00155379 This screenshot shows how to configure +_S2JGjE8SLk-00495-00155379-00155628 the prepared cutePDF writer printer +_S2JGjE8SLk-00496-00155628-00155849 to use the package Point-And-Print mechanism +_S2JGjE8SLk-00497-00155849-00156210 and convert it to evil printer. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00498-00156210-00156416 What will happen if a print client +_S2JGjE8SLk-00499-00156416-00156628 tries to connect to this evil printer? +_S2JGjE8SLk-00500-00156774-00157106 We could see, the print spooler in print client, +_S2JGjE8SLk-00501-00157106-00157398 download the test.cabfile from the print server, +_S2JGjE8SLk-00502-00157398-00157632 and then extract the cabinet file. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00503-00157783-00158045 Because of the path traversal bug, +_S2JGjE8SLk-00504-00158045-00158545 C:\Windows\systems32\diagnostic services\USERENV.dil +_S2JGjE8SLk-00505-00158861-00158964 is created. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00506-00159094-00159335 Because the print spooler service +_S2JGjE8SLk-00507-00159335-00159584 is running with system privilege, +_S2JGjE8SLk-00508-00159584-00159917 the evil printer could write arbitrary file to print client +_S2JGjE8SLk-00509-00159917-00160132 with system privilege. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00510-00160132-00160474 It is a logical bug and works very stabley. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00511-00160474-00160775 Okay, now we have covered the remote code execution part +_S2JGjE8SLk-00512-00160775-00160894 of the evil printer. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00513-00160978-00161204 This attack only needs to print client +_S2JGjE8SLk-00514-00161204-00161443 to make a connection attempt to your printer. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00515-00161558-00161800 But, can this vulnerability do more? +_S2JGjE8SLk-00516-00161958-00162073 Three years ago, +_S2JGjE8SLk-00517-00162073-00162340 James Forshaw did an excellent talk oncoming tunnels, +_S2JGjE8SLk-00518-00162340-00162618 and the Microsoft edge sandbox. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00519-00162618-00162734 During his talk, +_S2JGjE8SLk-00520-00162734-00162960 he demoed a scan of comm service +_S2JGjE8SLk-00521-00162960-00163272 reachable from insight to Microsoft app sandbox. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00522-00163481-00163658 He must be hinting something +_S2JGjE8SLk-00523-00163658-00164016 by highlighting that specific comm server during his talk. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00524-00164223-00164569 Sandbox is an essential security mechanism +_S2JGjE8SLk-00525-00164569-00164825 in modern security architectures. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00526-00164825-00165279 Sandbox escapes, are important security research target. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00527-00165279-00165567 So how does evil printer affect sandboxes? +_S2JGjE8SLk-00528-00165807-00166161 Microsoft Edge renderer process, is the most restricted app +_S2JGjE8SLk-00529-00166161-00166365 container sandbox on Windows. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00530-00166453-00166802 Microsoft has kept reduced attack surfaces of it +_S2JGjE8SLk-00531-00166802-00166923 for many years. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00532-00167048-00167281 The interfaces that could be accessed +_S2JGjE8SLk-00533-00167281-00167589 from inside the sandbox is fewer and fewer, +_S2JGjE8SLk-00534-00167589-00167896 but the printing service has always been one of them. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00535-00168046-00168355 Until now, the process token of render process +_S2JGjE8SLk-00536-00168355-00168714 still has to capability LPAC printing. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00537-00168714-00168882 It means the render process +_S2JGjE8SLk-00538-00168882-00169072 could access the printing service. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00539-00169206-00169394 Using OleView.NET, +_S2JGjE8SLk-00540-00169394-00169810 we found the comm service see print ticket ww services, +_S2JGjE8SLk-00541-00169810-00170273 can be launched and accessed with capability LPAC printing. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00542-00170273-00170432 So you could be called +_S2JGjE8SLk-00543-00170432-00170682 by the Microsoft Edge render process. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00544-00170970-00171446 The C printer tickets server provides an interface bind. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00545-00171446-00171771 This is used to bind to a specific printer. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00546-00171882-00172060 If we bind to an evil printer, +_S2JGjE8SLk-00547-00172060-00172333 it will also trigger the availability so we could use it +_S2JGjE8SLk-00548-00172333-00172522 to escape from the sandbox. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00549-00172826-00173279 AppContainer processes are not allowed to create files, +_S2JGjE8SLk-00550-00173279-00173427 but we could use this vulnerability +_S2JGjE8SLk-00551-00173427-00173640 to create arbitrary files. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00552-00173806-00174053 The AppContainer process can launch and access +_S2JGjE8SLk-00553-00174053-00174219 C print tickets comm server. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00554-00174355-00174700 The server is implemented in print ticket services module +_S2JGjE8SLk-00555-00174700-00175028 and launched by deal hosts with medium integrity level. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00556-00175210-00175293 The bind interface, +_S2JGjE8SLk-00557-00175293-00175583 which called C print tickets service-based bind. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00558-00175712-00175843 In this function, +_S2JGjE8SLk-00559-00175843-00176143 it would open a remote print server and get to print driver +_S2JGjE8SLk-00560-00176143-00176359 from print server. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00561-00176359-00176492 This would also trigger the bug +_S2JGjE8SLk-00562-00176492-00176773 if it's connecting to an evil printer. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00563-00176959-00177275 So we could escape the Edge render sandbox, +_S2JGjE8SLk-00564-00177275-00177602 and execute arbitrary code with system privilege. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00565-00177974-00178170 Next let's do a real demo. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00566-00178282-00178571 In this demo, we have two computers, +_S2JGjE8SLk-00567-00178571-00178763 the victim and the attacker. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00568-00178855-00179078 The victim is a printed client. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00569-00179078-00179273 And attacker is the evil printer. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00570-00179426-00179748 First, let's see the evil printer. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00571-00179748-00180062 We have notified a driver info of a shared printer. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00572-00180192-00180281 We modified it. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00573-00180281-00180532 Printer driver attributes to one, +_S2JGjE8SLk-00574-00180532-00181032 and then set the info path item two C:\test\test.inf. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00575-00181290-00181648 And we have a place to test.cab at the PCC directory. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00576-00181866-00182145 Next, let's go to the victim's computer. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00577-00182232-00182511 You can say there's no USERENV.dil, +_S2JGjE8SLk-00578-00182511-00182736 in diagnostic services directory. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00579-00182889-00183167 Now, we tried to connect to the evil printer +_S2JGjE8SLk-00580-00183167-00183403 for a Microsoft Edge render a sandbox. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00581-00183611-00183969 Here, we simulate a code execution inside the sandbox +_S2JGjE8SLk-00582-00183969-00184330 by injecting or exploit deal into the render process. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00583-00184733-00184934 We could see the one dialogue, +_S2JGjE8SLk-00584-00184934-00185150 and we could find a USERENV.dil, +_S2JGjE8SLk-00585-00185150-00185387 present in the diagnostic services directory. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00586-00185547-00185630 In fact, +_S2JGjE8SLk-00587-00185630-00185848 the evil printer could write arbitrary file +_S2JGjE8SLk-00588-00185848-00185988 with system privilege. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00589-00186498-00186929 The patch of the vulnerability is extremely simple. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00590-00186929-00187141 We have known the root cause of the vulnerability +_S2JGjE8SLk-00591-00187141-00187571 is because win32spl, NcabbingLibrary:ProcessCopyFile, +_S2JGjE8SLk-00592-00187710-00188017 does not properly handle the ../. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00593-00188017-00188256 So the patch just check both slashes +_S2JGjE8SLk-00594-00188256-00188716 before process copy file to prevent path traversal issues. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00595-00188973-00189056 Finally, +_S2JGjE8SLk-00596-00189056-00189319 we want to talk about the possible attack scenarios +_S2JGjE8SLk-00597-00189319-00189450 of this vulnerability. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00598-00189631-00189951 For lateral movement, the attacker can modify a printer +_S2JGjE8SLk-00599-00189951-00190191 trusted by the victim to evil printer. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00600-00190334-00190497 For remote code execution, +_S2JGjE8SLk-00601-00190497-00190695 the attacker could convince the victim +_S2JGjE8SLk-00602-00190695-00190884 to connect to a evil printer. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00603-00191024-00191190 For privileged escalation, +_S2JGjE8SLk-00604-00191190-00191389 the attacker could make a connection attempt +_S2JGjE8SLk-00605-00191389-00191705 to a evil printer, (mumbles) privilege the user +_S2JGjE8SLk-00606-00191705-00191893 all from inside the sandbox. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00607-00192053-00192216 For all the about scenarios, +_S2JGjE8SLk-00608-00192216-00192450 the attacker immediately gets code execution +_S2JGjE8SLk-00609-00192450-00192797 as system has complete control of the victim's computer. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00610-00193006-00193283 This vulnerability has been reported and fixed. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00611-00193283-00193783 The CV ID is CVE-2020-1300. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00612-00193803-00194145 This is Microsoft's description about this vulnerability. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00613-00194264-00194413 Although it's technically correct +_S2JGjE8SLk-00614-00194413-00194641 about the final exploitation vector, +_S2JGjE8SLk-00615-00194641-00194876 it's kind of misleading. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00616-00194876-00195226 First, this is not a cabinet API vulnerability. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00617-00195338-00195714 The cabinet API is soft skated and flexible. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00618-00195714-00195892 But it is too flexible, +_S2JGjE8SLk-00619-00195892-00196112 many parts of the decompression were handled +_S2JGjE8SLk-00620-00196112-00196360 by user-supplied callbacks. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00621-00196360-00196626 If they don't handle hacked cases properly, +_S2JGjE8SLk-00622-00196626-00196838 it could lead to security issues. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00623-00196950-00197227 In this case, it is the Windows printing, +_S2JGjE8SLk-00624-00197227-00197562 which did not implement a decompression callbacks correctly. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00625-00197756-00198141 Second, this vulnerability does not need a user confirmation +_S2JGjE8SLk-00626-00198141-00198464 to install the printer driver just as we described +_S2JGjE8SLk-00627-00198464-00198781 and demoed, this entire attack finishes +_S2JGjE8SLk-00628-00198781-00198948 before the warning dialogue. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00629-00199087-00199437 In fact, the attacker could also configure the print server +_S2JGjE8SLk-00630-00199437-00199581 to prevent the print client +_S2JGjE8SLk-00631-00199581-00199740 from showing the warning dialogue +_S2JGjE8SLk-00632-00199740-00200042 to make the attack completely unnoticeable. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00633-00200210-00200293 However, +_S2JGjE8SLk-00634-00200293-00200637 there's no need to be panicked about cabinet files. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00635-00200637-00201020 The cabinet API is old, but its design is okay. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00636-00201128-00201304 If they users of the cabinet API +_S2JGjE8SLk-00637-00201304-00201494 handled callbacks with care, +_S2JGjE8SLk-00638-00201494-00201762 there's no security issues to be worried about. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00639-00201916-00202037 For example, +_S2JGjE8SLk-00640-00202037-00202247 don't be afraid to open the malformed cabinet +_S2JGjE8SLk-00641-00202247-00202425 that we created in exploring. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00642-00202633-00202930 The cab view module in explore.efc, +_S2JGjE8SLk-00643-00202930-00203131 correctly handle special characters +_S2JGjE8SLk-00644-00203131-00203358 in cabinet API callbacks. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00645-00203358-00203628 So, it is safe to open a cabinet file +_S2JGjE8SLk-00646-00203628-00203827 in the Explorer and copy files. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00647-00204117-00204231 In this presentation, +_S2JGjE8SLk-00648-00204231-00204570 we talked about the implementation of Windows Printing. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00649-00204570-00204724 It is complex and privileged, +_S2JGjE8SLk-00650-00204724-00204995 and can be one for the best targets for attackers. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00651-00205163-00205484 And we walk you through about, we found, Windows printing, +_S2JGjE8SLk-00652-00205484-00205850 it could be exploited both locally and remotely. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00653-00205850-00206062 It could be used to execute arbitrary code +_S2JGjE8SLk-00654-00206062-00206334 with system privileged, and this gave sandboxes. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00655-00206546-00206914 For developers, don't be panic about the cabinet files, +_S2JGjE8SLk-00656-00206914-00207039 but you should be careful +_S2JGjE8SLk-00657-00207039-00207270 when writing the cabinet API callbacks. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00658-00207510-00207660 Logical bug like this, +_S2JGjE8SLk-00659-00207660-00207881 I always found too huntful. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00660-00207881-00208096 We think you will love it just as we do. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00661-00208271-00208457 We would like to thank James Forshaw +_S2JGjE8SLk-00662-00208457-00208631 for his excellent tools and hints. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00663-00208767-00209126 Vectra AI for their previous works and shares. +_S2JGjE8SLk-00664-00209126-00209360 And thank you for listening.