diff --git "a/data/en103/text/00000003.txt" "b/data/en103/text/00000003.txt"
new file mode 100644--- /dev/null
+++ "b/data/en103/text/00000003.txt"
@@ -0,0 +1,14778 @@
+4MAAzg6ABDc-00000-00000061-00000144 [Music]
+4MAAzg6ABDc-00001-00000145-00000323 [Applause]
+4MAAzg6ABDc-00002-00000324-00000642 foreign
+4MAAzg6ABDc-00003-00000643-00002676 [Music]
+4MAAzg6ABDc-00004-00002677-00003010 [Applause]
+4MAAzg6ABDc-00005-00003011-00003388 thank you
+4MAAzg6ABDc-00006-00003389-00003763 foreign
+4MAAzg6ABDc-00007-00003764-00004367 [Music]
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00000-00000086-00000607 [Music]
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00001-00000608-00000862 all right perhaps be kai someone's gotta
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00002-00000863-00001023 be sam
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00003-00001024-00001278 i guess i have to be molly
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00004-00001279-00001415 the red hat i knew buck was gonna be
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00005-00001416-00002039 that old guy ah who's this fatso
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00006-00002039-00004015 you guys look ridiculous right now
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00007-00004015-00004238 that's mine don't grab it
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00008-00004239-00004567 i found it first i can't jump that high
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00009-00004568-00004791 it wasn't easy rounding up the goats for
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00010-00004792-00004879 this
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00011-00004880-00005063 summoning ritual
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00012-00005064-00005318 good thing i had so much damned hay i'm
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00013-00005319-00005495 starting to wonder if it was a good idea
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00014-00005496-00005759 to do this alone nathan always told me i
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00015-00005760-00005943 should be with my people when the time
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00016-00005944-00006054 comes
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00017-00006055-00006575 i feel strange like my skin is burning
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00018-00006576-00006831 nice thanks october 14th is my dad's
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00019-00006831-00007527 birthday happy birthday
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00020-00007528-00007695 lights up what's this
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00021-00007695-00007974 i got it mine yeah i got hay
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00022-00007975-00008263 you walked right past you sucker
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00023-00008264-00008574 i got i went for this hay instead oh wow
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00024-00008575-00008855 i think first g to drop items
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00025-00008856-00009087 where's k
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00026-00009088-00009342 there it is
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00027-00009343-00009478 it's gonna be a basement it's like
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00028-00009479-00009710 pacify
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00029-00009711-00010103 imagine a pacifier so far
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00030-00010104-00010271 the other roads that you guys just walk
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00031-00010272-00010471 right past that well you can only have
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00032-00010472-00010903 one brian he has hay
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00033-00010904-00011271 can you pick up the rose and other stuff
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00034-00011272-00011519 oh hey there's some goats
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00035-00011520-00011751 do you say goats there's a little baby
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00036-00011752-00011903 ghost
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00037-00011904-00011991 oh
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00038-00011992-00012191 maybe goats
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00039-00012192-00012359 what's going on over here
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00040-00012360-00012631 oh uv
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00041-00012632-00012855 how do you use that
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00042-00012856-00012974 left click
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00043-00012975-00013207 let me right click
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00044-00013208-00013422 well they go something
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00045-00013423-00013775 come on
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00046-00013776-00013943 that's relief
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00047-00013944-00014166 we got a basement
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00048-00014168-00014638 we got a basement
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00049-00014640-00014919 it's locked
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00050-00014919-00015135 hello
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00051-00015136-00015375 get some alters
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00052-00015376-00015535 oh
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00053-00015536-00015838 we gotta make a little fire
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00054-00015840-00016030 different symbols that was the same
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00055-00016031-00017150 symbol on each one
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00056-00017151-00017447 nice
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00057-00017448-00017686 a note read it
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00058-00017687-00017967 say this is everything the watchers hope
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00059-00017968-00018191 for it's almost time to sacrifice the
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00060-00018192-00018535 goats it needs to be me involving anyone
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00061-00018536-00018830 else now could break my bone with ezezo
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00062-00018831-00019079 and then he'll be banished why am i
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00063-00019080-00019350 shaking
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00064-00019351-00019622 the watchers
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00065-00019623-00019871 okay come with me
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00066-00019872-00020111 we need we need to sacrifice the goats
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00067-00020112-00020391 that's very sad okay so you got the cage
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00068-00020392-00020535 key
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00069-00020536-00020711 you ready
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00070-00020712-00020807 yeah
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00071-00020808-00021071 little ghosts oh hide and seek oh god
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00072-00021072-00021271 grab them
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00073-00021272-00021407 no
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00074-00021408-00021607 they went in the basement oh shit they
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00075-00021608-00021919 knocked the door down
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00076-00021920-00022230 what's that one right there
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00077-00022231-00022666 i don't like this guys this one bed
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00078-00022667-00022983 [Music]
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00079-00022984-00023255 i want to go this way
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00080-00023256-00023886 oh gosh
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00081-00023887-00024263 note curtis
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00082-00024264-00024422 what do we got here
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00083-00024423-00024678 october 17th i can hear zazzle's voice
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00084-00024679-00024967 in my head feel his rage in my veins i
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00085-00024968-00025150 feel like i'm losing control over him i
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00086-00025151-00025375 don't understand i can't stop the
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00087-00025376-00025606 strange words pouring from my mouth as i
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00088-00025607-00025870 speak them his minions are rising
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00089-00025872-00026134 all around me and
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00090-00026135-00026399 then it cuts off what
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00091-00026400-00027518 a zazzle in his minions
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00092-00027519-00028087 oh my that's weird let's go hi
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00093-00028088-00028407 nice very entertainment this glass of
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00094-00028408-00028551 the floor
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00095-00028552-00029183 i don't like this
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00096-00029183-00029423 what's that noise hold my hand
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00097-00029424-00029799 i hear giggling
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00098-00029800-00030062 get the hell out of here
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00099-00030063-00030191 um
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00100-00030192-00030383 [Music]
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00101-00030383-00030487 what is it
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00102-00030488-00031174 turn yourself
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00103-00031175-00031718 lights off lights off
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00104-00031719-00031862 what was that
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00105-00031863-00032046 it's still there it's just standing
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00106-00032047-00032351 there turn your light off is it a man
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00107-00032352-00032646 no
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00108-00032647-00032887 what is it
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00109-00032888-00033207 what's it what it's a demon girl
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00110-00033208-00033407 get the fuck away from it
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00111-00033408-00033646 i'm trying to see if we can sneak past
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00112-00033647-00033871 her with the lights off
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00113-00033872-00034111 let's go upstairs get upstairs
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00114-00034112-00034535 she's just gonna block the way
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00115-00034536-00034815 fuck that dude
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00116-00034816-00035118 broke the glass another rose
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00117-00035119-00035471 oops
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00118-00035472-00036015 oh come on
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00119-00036016-00036195 get over these drawers
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00120-00036196-00036439 [Music]
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00121-00036440-00036935 shit's locked
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00122-00036936-00037143 might not be all that way
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00123-00037144-00037415 we can't go that way
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00124-00037416-00037527 why not
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00125-00037528-00037823 she looks rolling
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00126-00037824-00039167 sneaking up
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00127-00039168-00039279 what happened
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00128-00039280-00039446 she looked
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00129-00039447-00039743 we're all crouching how did that happen
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00130-00039744-00039911 we all crouched
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00131-00039912-00040007 bruce
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00132-00040008-00040246 she's gone well what happened
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00133-00040247-00040446 i got close and she vanished
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00134-00040447-00040623 yes
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00135-00040624-00040839 i got the office key my flashlight
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00136-00040840-00041030 turned off that's very scary there's
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00137-00041031-00041462 another first aid kit
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00138-00041463-00041887 what's that there's a goat in here
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00139-00041888-00042207 hold it here there's a goat there is oh
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00140-00042208-00042423 hey come here
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00141-00042424-00042615 she stuck his phone away
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00142-00042616-00042830 you need the tv room key how do you kill
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00143-00042831-00043079 it i have the office key
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00144-00043080-00043237 i found the office
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00145-00043238-00043358 [Music]
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00146-00043359-00044087 sounds so scared
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00147-00044088-00044262 what are we supposed to do
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00148-00044263-00044495 i was supposed to kill it
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00149-00044496-00044671 no
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00150-00044672-00045174 so cute
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00151-00045175-00045335 i got the kitchen open oh does it go in
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00152-00045336-00045871 the kitchen
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00153-00045872-00046015 there it goes
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00154-00046016-00046174 what's in here buck
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00155-00046175-00046423 i am in the kitchen bathroom nothing
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00156-00046424-00046551 nothing
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00157-00046552-00046686 oh
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00158-00046687-00046799 nothing
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00159-00046800-00047015 tp
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00160-00047016-00047102 wow
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00161-00047103-00047199 okay
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00162-00047200-00047662 what the fuck
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00163-00047663-00047967 what is it
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00164-00047968-00048079 ghost
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00165-00048080-00048230 they walking
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00166-00048231-00048383 where are you they're walking down the
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00167-00048384-00048599 hall
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00168-00048600-00049030 oh no
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00169-00049031-00049574 she's going down the stairs no
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00170-00049575-00049807 what the fuck
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00171-00049808-00050151 where the fuck are you guys
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00172-00050152-00050790 there's another one
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00173-00050791-00051151 who's this oh shit where are they come
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00174-00051152-00051230 on
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00175-00051232-00051446 there's one going on the stairs fuck you
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00176-00051447-00051638 gotta get the office open
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00177-00051639-00051790 oh where's that
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00178-00051791-00052038 first floor
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00179-00052039-00052207 do you go down there
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00180-00052208-00052390 i'm not down there now
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00181-00052391-00052823 i'm not going down there what's going on
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00182-00052824-00053087 what's down okay guys with me kaiser get
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00183-00053088-00053311 over here
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00184-00053312-00053463 nope
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00185-00053464-00053671 nah
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00186-00053672-00054054 yes yep
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00187-00054055-00054247 sure i don't know what the stacks and
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00188-00054248-00054415 supposed to see it
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00189-00054416-00055607 oh
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00190-00055608-00055719 huh
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00191-00055720-00056135 i think the ghost turned him against
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00192-00056136-00056271 she us me
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00193-00056272-00056503 she's down at the office let's go let's
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00194-00056504-00056742 show you i'm going
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00195-00056744-00057159 you gotta believe us i haven't seen shit
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00196-00057160-00057415 sure is the same lady as before yeah
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00197-00057416-00057647 come on
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00198-00057648-00057838 sure which way this way
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00199-00057839-00057999 now he went
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00200-00058000-00058215 into this door right there straight
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00201-00058216-00058326 ahead
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00202-00058327-00058679 to the right i want you to go in there
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00203-00058679-00058959 oh jesus found him
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00204-00058960-00059191 neck's broken
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00205-00059191-00059454 where did you guys go oh god i ran away
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00206-00059455-00059687 i'm on the first floor you and me sam we
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00207-00059688-00059854 gotta stick together here
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00208-00059855-00060223 come over the office i found it again
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00209-00060224-00060775 what are you doing to me
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00210-00060776-00061038 no way where are you second floor
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00211-00061039-00061342 over here who's guarding the stairwell
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00212-00061344-00061542 well is she the only is she the only
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00213-00061544-00061726 girl oh there she comes
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00214-00061727-00061838 she says she has
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00215-00061839-00062047 she has mickey's
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00216-00062048-00062254 she's talking
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00217-00062255-00062599 she said something about devouring no
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00218-00062600-00062863 that's the name of the game i don't know
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00219-00062864-00063766 how to grab these goats though
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00220-00063767-00063911 they don't highlight so i don't think
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00221-00063912-00064247 you do
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00222-00064248-00064463 yeah it's definitely gonna be some other
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00223-00064464-00065871 nothing
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00224-00065872-00066047 right click to burn enemies with uv
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00225-00066048-00066231 light it just rose from a pentagram on
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00226-00066232-00066367 the ground
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00227-00066368-00066567 this man
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00228-00066568-00066775 he's a fucking demon
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00229-00066776-00066871 kill him
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00230-00066872-00067079 who is one of the minions
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00231-00067080-00067247 man it feels so powerful to actually
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00232-00067248-00067511 kill an enemy in the game like this
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00233-00067512-00067663 okay back to the act yeah i'm gonna i'm
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00234-00067664-00067823 gonna try this
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00235-00067824-00068182 he moves so slow this is gonna be so sad
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00236-00068183-00068526 sacrifice
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00237-00068527-00068743 he's so cute yeah he's going towards the
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00238-00068744-00068903 hay
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00239-00068904-00069199 do you actually have to leave a trail
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00240-00069200-00069335 it's working
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00241-00069336-00069471 look at him go
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00242-00069472-00070079 little lady
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00243-00070080-00070391 it ate it or did you pick it up
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00244-00070392-00070599 oh i put it too far
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00245-00070600-00070750 quick he's getting away
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00246-00070751-00070967 goat simulator
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00247-00070968-00071526 there he goes
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00248-00071527-00071655 oh no
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00249-00071656-00071855 it's right here
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00250-00071856-00072238 let him eat it
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00251-00072239-00072471 see what he does it's working
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00252-00072472-00072606 he's highlighted
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00253-00072607-00072775 you got him oh no i don't want to kill
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00254-00072776-00072999 him
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00255-00073000-00073262 is awful
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00256-00073263-00073655 we gotta stop his asshole at all costs
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00257-00073656-00073879 whatever
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00258-00073880-00074671 all right i have gas
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00259-00074672-00074871 what am i supposed to do with this shit
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00260-00074872-00075023 no
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00261-00075024-00075326 you're laughing
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00262-00075327-00075567 one out of ten molly
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00263-00075568-00075719 oops
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00264-00075720-00075887 what's going on
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00265-00075888-00076031 where are they
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00266-00076032-00076375 oh go go
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00267-00076376-00076559 so noises
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00268-00076560-00077038 i gotta go i gotta go
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00269-00077039-00077303 oh i dropped it i grabbed the battery
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00270-00077304-00077662 instead by accident
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00271-00077663-00077838 i got it
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00272-00077839-00078047 it's gasoline here someone should grab
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00273-00078048-00078791 that
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00274-00078792-00079144 there's something else
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00275-00079145-00079948 [Music]
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00276-00079949-00080777 [Music]
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00277-00080778-00081462 [Music]
+4MBkLHtGS1Q-00278-00081463-00081672 you
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00000-00000071-00001730 [Music]
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00001-00001732-00002572 [Music]
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00002-00002573-00004283 [Music]
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00003-00004284-00005383 so
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00004-00005384-00005695 good evening everybody john lou our
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00005-00005696-00005863 maintenance deputy
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00006-00005864-00006047 wanted to be here he had the wrong day
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00007-00006048-00006206 on his calendar he actually even
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00008-00006207-00006422 switched his jury duty to be here next
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00009-00006423-00006606 week but since nobody else was going to
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00010-00006608-00006767 be here
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00011-00006768-00007070 paul graciously paul pineda graciously
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00012-00007072-00007270 volunteered to give this presentation on
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00013-00007272-00007375 roundabouts
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00014-00007376-00007823 thank you paul
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00015-00007823-00008006 good evening good evening everyone uh
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00016-00008008-00008199 just short introduction my name is paul
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00017-00008200-00008478 pena project manager i do manage
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00018-00008479-00008631 some of the roundabout projects here in
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00019-00008632-00008823 kern county and i'm also the project
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00020-00008824-00009006 manager on some of the trip projects and
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00021-00009007-00009110 the 99
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00022-00009111-00009519 projects down here so to begin
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00023-00009520-00009727 i think just to show a two-minute video
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00024-00009728-00009910 of a new splash about a roundabout that
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00025-00009911-00009974 we did
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00026-00009975-00010206 in kerman the city of cameron in fresno
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00027-00010207-00010831 in 2014.
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00028-00010832-00012103 there it is
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00029-00012104-00012319 rather than right here in the states and
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00030-00012320-00012487 for some of us it may just be flat-out
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00031-00012488-00013071 intimidating
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00032-00013072-00014083 not only in the state of california but
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00033-00014084-00014327 nationwide and operations director
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00034-00014328-00014551 john lew says that this is a pretty
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00035-00014552-00014711 typical reaction at first
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00036-00014712-00014894 this is an experience that is just
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00037-00014895-00015015 happening throughout
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00038-00015016-00015207 the u.s once people learn that hey you
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00039-00015208-00015343 know what it actually works
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00040-00015344-00015527 pretty well i don't have to sit at the
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00041-00015528-00015775 light wait for the thing to turn green
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00042-00015776-00015991 um it's just much more efficient people
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00043-00015991-00016150 turn around and specialize
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00044-00016151-00016591 after a while
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00045-00016592-00016791 but efficiency isn't the main focus when
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00046-00016792-00016911 it comes to roundabouts
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00047-00016912-00017103 studies by the national transportation
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00048-00017104-00017415 research board show roundabouts have 35
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00049-00017416-00017703 fewer accidents and 90 fewer fatal
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00050-00017704-00017783 accidents
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00051-00017784-00018143 compared to other types of intersections
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00052-00018144-00018967 throughout the country
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00053-00018968-00019214 splitter islands like the one shown here
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00054-00019215-00019383 force vehicles to slow to speeds of
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00055-00019384-00019575 about 15 miles per hour
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00056-00019576-00019735 reducing the potential for serious
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00057-00019736-00019958 collisions while allowing even
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00058-00019959-00020175 large trucks to turn the curb with ease
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00059-00020176-00020311 we expect the number
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00060-00020312-00020550 to grow exponentially they're not going
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00061-00020551-00020671 to be
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00062-00020672-00020886 for every single intersection it's just
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00063-00020887-00021030 going to be where it makes sense
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00064-00021031-00021303 in district 6 alone as many as 20 new
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00065-00021304-00021503 roundabouts are planned for construction
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00066-00021504-00021711 in upcoming years well for summit may
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00067-00021712-00021911 not seem to make sense at first
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00068-00021912-00022127 drivers like jose mumeos have found out
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00069-00022128-00022303 firsthand the benefits to having a
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00070-00022304-00022494 roundabout there's no stock
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00071-00022495-00023711 there's no light if there's no traffic
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00072-00023712-00023814 continues to develop
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00073-00023815-00024927 safer and more efficient
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00074-00024928-00025086 this is the kerman roundabout that's
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00075-00025087-00025407 featured in the video
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00076-00025408-00025734 this was completed in 2014 so it's been
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00077-00025735-00026022 in operation for about five years now
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00078-00026023-00026327 uh since then we've had about 12
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00079-00026327-00026462 branhamas that have been
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00080-00026463-00026623 built around the district within the
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00081-00026624-00026814 boundaries of the district six
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00082-00026816-00026983 as you can see all roundabouts that
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00083-00026983-00027158 entering traffic they yield to vehicles
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00084-00027160-00027343 already in the roundabout and you go
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00085-00027344-00027879 and you go counter clockwise
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00086-00027880-00028199 this shows the roundabout basics
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00087-00028200-00028574 the inscribed circle is the blue arrow
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00088-00028575-00028879 it it goes from curb to curb
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00089-00028880-00029127 there's the center island then there's
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00090-00029127-00029207 the uh
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00091-00029208-00029431 truck apron this is for off tracking of
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00092-00029432-00029655 trucks that's where they come in
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00093-00029656-00030023 uh that allows the rear vehicles of of
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00094-00030024-00030311 trucks to off track and then the split
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00095-00030312-00030374 relents
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00096-00030375-00030711 those are those are uh it forces
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00097-00030712-00030887 traffic approaching around about to slow
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00098-00030888-00031062 down and it
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00099-00031063-00031343 it forced them to turn right and then
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00100-00031344-00031446 they also
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00101-00031447-00032462 serve as pedestrian refuge refuge areas
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00102-00032463-00032711 this is the uh the roundabout in delano
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00103-00032712-00032823 sr-155
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00104-00032824-00033007 and browning road this was completed in
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00105-00033008-00033135 i believe in 2018
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00106-00033136-00033683 so it's been operation for about two
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00107-00033684-00033918 years
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00108-00033919-00034159 this is the roundabout at stockdale
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00109-00034160-00034327 highway and 43. it's
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00110-00034328-00034535 currently in construction expected
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00111-00034536-00034679 completion
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00112-00034680-00035159 mid spring of 2020.
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00113-00035160-00035455 this is the one at 119 and 43. it was
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00114-00035456-00035623 open to traffic in november
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00115-00035624-00035935 of 2019. so with this roundabout and the
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00116-00035936-00036190 roundabout at stockdale highway 43
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00117-00036191-00036439 they we expect them to work in tandem
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00118-00036440-00036574 and it will allow for a
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00119-00036575-00036895 smoother flow of traffic on this two vc
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00120-00036896-00038485 route yes
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00121-00038486-00039407 [Laughter]
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00122-00039408-00039935 yes
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00123-00039936-00040262 so why do we install roundabouts on the
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00124-00040263-00040359 state highways
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00125-00040360-00040639 it's mainly for safety the main reason
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00126-00040640-00040751 safety
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00127-00040752-00040911 there are fewer crashes on the
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00128-00040912-00041143 roundabout and the crashes are less
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00129-00041144-00041311 severe
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00130-00041312-00041487 there is a misconception that signals
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00131-00041488-00041815 are safer the problem is on a signal
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00132-00041816-00041958 approaching a signal a driver would have
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00133-00041959-00042118 to make a decision whether to
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00134-00042119-00042318 speed up or slow down depending on
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00135-00042319-00042462 whether it's
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00136-00042463-00042679 approaching a yellow light so and that's
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00137-00042680-00042855 what happens when you have
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00138-00042856-00043055 that that open results in t-bone crashes
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00139-00043056-00043183 on around on a
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00140-00043184-00043551 regular intersection
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00141-00043552-00043758 in terms of operations uh there's less
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00142-00043759-00043983 delay runabout moves traffic
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00143-00043984-00044239 through without needing to stop it
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00144-00044240-00044295 creates
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00145-00044296-00044471 it it basically creates a free flow
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00146-00044472-00044655 intersection with one with a one-way
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00147-00044656-00044902 counter-clockwise movement entering
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00148-00044903-00045087 traffic must yield to entering traffic
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00149-00045088-00045399 machine to traffic within the roundabout
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00150-00045400-00045599 and also in terms of maintenance it's
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00151-00045600-00045727 it's affords less
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00152-00045728-00045895 maintenance less electricians that need
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00153-00045896-00046071 to go out there to change the signal
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00154-00046072-00046287 in case there's a in case a signal turns
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00155-00046288-00046383 to
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00156-00046384-00046718 always stop so we don't have to have
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00157-00046719-00046958 it results in fewer call outs from our
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00158-00046959-00047502 maintenance forces
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00159-00047503-00047830 so roundabouts also serve serves as
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00160-00047831-00048030 gateways to communities and i do have a
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00161-00048031-00048479 slide that shows you one such roundabout
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00162-00048480-00048686 and then we started the youth
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00163-00048687-00048886 intersection control evaluation system
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00164-00048887-00049055 or the ice process where we
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00165-00049056-00049279 where we now we are we evaluate all
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00166-00049280-00049462 possible
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00167-00049463-00049702 uh options on what to put on a
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00168-00049703-00049783 intersection
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00169-00049784-00049967 it's just it's not just signals anymore
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00170-00049968-00050127 or two-way stops or four-way stuff which
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00171-00050128-00050318 was the usual
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00172-00050319-00050662 response to intersex so now we we
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00173-00050663-00050871 we basically look at everything that
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00174-00050872-00051046 that could any
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00175-00051047-00051207 possible feasible alternative that we
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00176-00051208-00051807 could put on an intersection
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00177-00051808-00051958 and so this this is an important
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00178-00051959-00052150 statistic about runabouts this is from
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00179-00052151-00052294 the
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00180-00052295-00052630 nc hrp study so the most important
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00181-00052632-00052838 statistic here is the reduction
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00182-00052839-00053142 in fatal accidents 90
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00183-00053144-00053359 reduction from comparing roundabouts to
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00184-00053360-00053526 two-way stops for way stops and signals
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00185-00053527-00053599 this is a
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00186-00053600-00053750 this is a study conducted within the
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00187-00053751-00054054 whole united states
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00188-00054055-00054342 so the 90 reduction in fatal accidents
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00189-00054344-00054423 and
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00190-00054424-00054630 there's part of this study they looked
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00191-00054632-00054799 at nine signalized intersections
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00192-00054800-00055063 that were converted to roundabouts and
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00193-00055064-00055223 it resulted in a 48
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00194-00055224-00055471 reduction in accidents and a 78
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00195-00055472-00056199 reduction in fatal plus injury accidents
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00196-00056200-00056542 why i write about safe they
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00197-00056544-00056791 they reduce traffic to 15 20 miles per
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00198-00056791-00056991 hour should enter the roundabout
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00199-00056991-00057263 there are fuel conflict points and it
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00200-00057264-00057423 eliminates the t-bone accidents which
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00201-00057424-00057566 are the broadside axes which are the
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00202-00057567-00057694 worst accidents you can have in an
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00203-00057695-00057854 intersection that's what causes most of
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00204-00057855-00058254 the injuries
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00205-00058255-00058535 so this is a typical runnable design so
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00206-00058536-00058742 as you approach
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00207-00058744-00059079 50 50 60 miles per hour you can see the
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00208-00059079-00059287 splitter island it forces
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00209-00059288-00059494 traffic to slow down to start slowing
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00210-00059495-00059687 down as they approach the intersection
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00211-00059688-00059894 so it keeps you it forces traffic to go
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00212-00059895-00060071 to the right and back to the left
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00213-00060072-00060319 and back to the right where they uh
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00214-00060320-00060438 where they where they enter the
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00215-00060439-00060903 intersection
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00216-00060904-00061126 so as soon as so that's why on a
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00217-00061127-00061438 roundabout you'll see fewer uh
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00218-00061439-00061606 accidents and because of the typically
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00219-00061607-00061887 slow speed that they go through but
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00220-00061888-00062054 the benefit is you don't have to slow
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00221-00062055-00062238 they don't stop if there's no traffic on
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00222-00062239-00062366 the runway you don't have to stop you
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00223-00062367-00062438 just go through
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00224-00062439-00062871 slowly
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00225-00062872-00063023 these are the conflict points that we
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00226-00063024-00063215 were talking about on on
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00227-00063216-00063438 my on the left is the conflict points on
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00228-00063439-00063671 a typical intersection
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00229-00063672-00063887 on the right is the conflict points on
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00230-00063888-00063991 the roundabout that's why
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00231-00063991-00064182 on a roundabout if there's any typical
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00232-00064183-00064342 accidents the accident you'll see will
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00233-00064344-00064482 probably be
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00234-00064483-00064742 sideswipes but not p-bones or head-on
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00235-00064744-00065550 crashes
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00236-00065551-00065799 so this is the tulare 190 reservation
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00237-00065800-00066031 run roundabout it was open to traffic in
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00238-00066032-00066335 2017 this is going towards the casino i
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00239-00066336-00066471 don't feel familiar with the
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00240-00066472-00066831 eagle mountain casino if you'll see
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00241-00066832-00067015 you'll notice there's the weaving
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00242-00067016-00067206 pattern this is this was constructed
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00243-00067207-00067271 with a
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00244-00067272-00067567 native american team there's the weaving
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00245-00067568-00067743 pattern around the apron that's supposed
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00246-00067744-00067991 to represent an eagle
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00247-00067992-00068303 in the center is a firing that's
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00248-00068304-00068503 supposed to represent also the native
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00249-00068504-00068838 american fire ring and then we planted
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00250-00068839-00069023 the
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00251-00069024-00069399 deer grass with with the red red hue
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00252-00069400-00069615 that's supposed to represent the uh
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00253-00069616-00069838 sacred fire
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00254-00069839-00070015 that's why this is they could serve as
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00255-00070016-00070167 gate this is just an example of what
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00256-00070168-00070199 could
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00257-00070200-00070663 serve as gate waste communities
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00258-00070664-00070911 just some accident data on some
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00259-00070912-00071103 constructed runabouts
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00260-00071104-00071271 so this roundabout was completed in
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00261-00071272-00071806 february 2017
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00262-00071807-00072055 the before accident before construction
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00263-00072056-00072223 accident data we had eight
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00264-00072224-00072503 eight accidents with five injury
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00265-00072504-00072638 injuries
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00266-00072639-00072831 after construction we've had three
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00267-00072832-00073287 accidents with no injuries
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00268-00073288-00073631 this was the accident data on the kerman
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00269-00073632-00073894 roundabout 145 and jensen before
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00270-00073895-00074038 construction
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00271-00074039-00074311 we had nine accidents for injuries since
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00272-00074312-00074359 it's
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00273-00074360-00074503 since it's been open to traffic with
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00274-00074504-00075159 that by accidents with one injury
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00275-00075160-00075335 and roundabouts are designed to
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00276-00075336-00076062 accommodate trucks large vehicles
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00277-00076063-00076319 this is just a list of the current
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00278-00076320-00076438 program projects
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00279-00076439-00076815 in kern county there are three on ifi
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00280-00076816-00077103 but lebec road
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00281-00077104-00077399 the one at 43 119 and nina's was open in
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00282-00077400-00077494 november
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00283-00077495-00077775 2019 the one at 43 in stockdale it's
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00284-00077776-00077838 currently
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00285-00077839-00078159 in construction we have one proposed at
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00286-00078160-00078391 sr 43 and santa fe way los angeles
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00287-00078392-00078662 street in shafter
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00288-00078663-00078887 we have one proposed at state route 43
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00289-00078888-00079238 and 46 and j street in wasco
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00290-00079239-00079447 the one at 155 and ronnie that's been
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00291-00079448-00079550 open
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00292-00079551-00079879 and we have one proposed that 184 and
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00293-00079880-00079967 223
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00294-00079968-00080231 at willy ridge by arvind construction
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00295-00080232-00080599 expected to start in 2020
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00296-00080600-00080975 and the one at 184 and sunset boulevard
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00297-00080976-00081282 south of lamont expected to start in
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00298-00081283-00081935 2021
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00299-00081936-00082143 this is the conceptual drawing for the
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00300-00082144-00082271 roundabout at the
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00301-00082272-00082599 los angeles street santa fe santa fe way
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00302-00082600-00082631 and
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00303-00082632-00082991 stock state route 43 in shafter
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00304-00082992-00083111 you can see it's a five-legged
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00305-00083112-00083294 intersection so it solves a lot of
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00306-00083295-00083382 issues for
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00307-00083383-00083959 the traffic there
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00308-00083960-00084126 this is a conceptual driver you could
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00309-00084127-00084271 see the layout of the
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00310-00084272-00084615 223 184 roundabout construction expected
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00311-00084616-00084699 to start in
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00312-00084700-00085038 2020 2022
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00313-00085039-00085167 and we'd like to express our
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00314-00085168-00085511 appreciation for the cog board for
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00315-00085512-00085815 allocating c-mac money for this
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00316-00085816-00086094 project this kind of advance the
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00317-00086095-00086238 construction timeline a little bit with
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00318-00086239-00086918 the with that c-mac money
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00319-00086919-00087199 there's a potential or proposed runabout
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00320-00087200-00087255 at
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00321-00087256-00087567 uh 7th standard in
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00322-00087568-00088015 state.43 we are willing to partner with
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00323-00088016-00088262 the local agency to to get this
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00324-00088263-00088335 roundabout
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00325-00088336-00088823 off the ground
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00326-00088824-00089055 and this is the proposed roundabout at
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00327-00089056-00089126 sunset
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00328-00089127-00090647 and 184 and this is a simulation
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00329-00090648-00091918 i can open i'm open to any questions
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00330-00091919-00093071 right uh-huh
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00331-00093072-00093471 there's one proposed there that uh
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00332-00093472-00093694 actually the cog board allowed allocated
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00333-00093695-00093871 cma money for that and
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00334-00093872-00094015 we were able to advance construction
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00335-00094016-00094718 much sooner than expected with that too
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00336-00094719-00094999 no it's sunset by the school you can see
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00337-00095000-00095135 this is this is the one there by the
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00338-00095136-00095343 school and you can see the sign on the
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00339-00095344-00096103 one of the corners there
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00340-00096104-00096303 you're using some cmac funds for some of
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00341-00096304-00096438 these
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00342-00096439-00096671 would you go over some of the savings in
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00343-00096672-00096759 and pollution
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00344-00096760-00096926 because our cars are not sitting there
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00345-00096927-00097118 idling did they have they calculated
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00346-00097119-00097191 that
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00347-00097192-00097406 there's got to be a reduction because
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00348-00097407-00097535 you're moving slowly
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00349-00097536-00097774 versus sitting in right i think part of
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00350-00097775-00097911 the cmaq application
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00351-00097912-00098223 we showed the reduction in pollution
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00352-00098224-00098455 because up there you don't uh on a on a
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00353-00098456-00098526 signal license
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00354-00098527-00098743 you sit and hide and you wait here you
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00355-00098744-00098903 don't wait
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00356-00098904-00099294 paul i can expand on that okay so
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00357-00099295-00099606 later on on the agenda today the
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00358-00099607-00099943 board if they choose will adopt the cmaq
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00359-00099944-00100038 projects
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00360-00100039-00100255 for this two-year cycle and there are
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00361-00100256-00100406 two roundabouts
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00362-00100407-00100615 that are proposed for funding one is the
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00363-00100616-00100791 one near arvin
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00364-00100792-00101103 one is the five-legged one in shafter
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00365-00101104-00101423 and both those projects uh competed very
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00366-00101424-00101511 well
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00367-00101512-00101855 in terms of demonstrating improved uh
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00368-00101856-00102182 um air quality uh and
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00369-00102183-00102367 because they've scored so high they're
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00370-00102368-00102518 being recommended for
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00371-00102519-00102742 for for the funding that will come
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00372-00102743-00102886 before you in
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00373-00102888-00103118 about 15-20 minutes does that answer
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00374-00103119-00103439 your question councilman
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00375-00103440-00103854 uh i want to i i wanted to ask we had
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00376-00103855-00104158 been more or less told that caltrans was
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00377-00104159-00104271 considering one
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00378-00104272-00104510 on we call it garces highway but i
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00379-00104511-00104751 forget the number 155
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00380-00104752-00105063 and lexington because the cars get
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00381-00105064-00105207 backed up so much there is
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00382-00105208-00105415 a lot of you know congestion going on
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00383-00105416-00105543 there and
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00384-00105544-00105807 we're talking about the air quality but
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00385-00105808-00105927 we never heard any
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00386-00105928-00106158 anything concrete is it that it wasn't
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00387-00106159-00106271 going to happen
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00388-00106272-00106471 i think i believe there is a proposed
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00389-00106472-00106702 project there it might be
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00390-00106703-00107007 it might be in the in the upcoming shop
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00391-00107008-00107054 cycle
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00392-00107055-00107351 that's going to be voted on by the ctc
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00393-00107352-00107486 soon
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00394-00107488-00107799 it might be a 2020 project i believe
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00395-00107800-00108015 but i think the project is uh signal
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00396-00108016-00108102 lights
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00397-00108103-00108407 i i i i'll bring up your question to the
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00398-00108408-00108583 okay to the project manager for that one
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00399-00108583-00108710 yeah and
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00400-00108711-00108919 if you can confirm is it truly because
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00401-00108920-00109110 we were told signal lights now
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00402-00109111-00109407 oh well i'll get back to you okay thank
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00403-00109408-00109590 you
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00404-00109591-00109775 by the way i just want to say that the
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00405-00109776-00109999 one on on 155
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00406-00110000-00110286 and uh browning we had people say no no
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00407-00110288-00110351 it's confu
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00408-00110352-00110519 it's going to be confusing and they love
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00409-00110520-00110663 it so
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00410-00110664-00110966 and it works great actually i heard some
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00411-00110967-00111278 anecdote about that one at 119 and 43
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00412-00111279-00111543 uh i know somebody who used to who goes
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00413-00111544-00111686 through there and he said he used
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00414-00111688-00111871 he used to sit stop sit at the light
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00415-00111872-00112023 waiting for the light he said now he
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00416-00112024-00112207 loves it and he can't wait uh because
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00417-00112208-00112415 now he doesn't have to he goes through
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00418-00112416-00112527 and he can't wait for the one that
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00419-00112528-00113423 stopped the ln-43 to get built
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00420-00113424-00113590 i'll bring that up with the project
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00421-00113591-00113727 manager for that one
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00422-00113728-00114023 what's what's the cost of one of these
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00423-00114024-00114302 the one at 1 19 43
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00424-00114303-00114671 it came the bid came in about 4 million
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00425-00114672-00114854 that's total cost well that's just
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00426-00114855-00115039 construction cost
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00427-00115040-00115310 so a support cost would probably you add
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00428-00115311-00115478 another
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00429-00115479-00115710 another two to three million for support
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00430-00115711-00115910 cost
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00431-00115911-00116295 so can i uh add to that uh mr chairman
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00432-00116296-00116471 so some of these roundabouts are
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00433-00116472-00116663 approaching 10 million dollars
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00434-00116664-00116999 that that is not sustainable uh
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00435-00117000-00117231 as as you as all of you know traffic
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00436-00117232-00117454 signals are put in all around your
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00437-00117455-00117863 cities so um obviously roundabouts are a
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00438-00117864-00118119 much better and safer solution but
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00439-00118120-00118358 uh compared to uh say a quarter million
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00440-00118359-00118447 dollar
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00441-00118448-00118783 um traffic signal
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00442-00118783-00119015 we can't afford to put roundabouts at
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00443-00119016-00119127 every intersection
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00444-00119128-00119399 and we can't afford to continue to spend
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00445-00119400-00119623 10 million dollars
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00446-00119624-00119927 on each on each roundabout and
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00447-00119928-00120158 we we need to work with caltrans work
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00448-00120159-00120375 with our partners to get these costs
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00449-00120376-00120590 down mr chairman you and i have talked
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00450-00120591-00120854 about maybe like a standard design
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00451-00120855-00121134 for a a four-legged intersection i
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00452-00121135-00121278 understand absolutely like
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00453-00121279-00121463 a five-legged intersection like we have
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00454-00121464-00121719 in chapter is much more complicated
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00455-00121720-00121966 there's also the the complications of
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00456-00121967-00122102 how do you build it
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00457-00122103-00122431 the one in delano um we actually closed
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00458-00122432-00122583 it down and did it over the summer it's
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00459-00122583-00122719 right next to a school
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00460-00122720-00122999 that simplifies things greatly so one of
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00461-00123000-00123151 the things that complicates these is how
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00462-00123152-00123239 do you stage
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00463-00123240-00123534 traffic if we could uh get all parties
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00464-00123535-00123695 to agree to completely close the
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00465-00123696-00123863 intersection these things can be built
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00466-00123864-00123927 in
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00467-00123928-00124351 just a month or two so
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00468-00124352-00124551 they are very expensive that what that
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00469-00124552-00124671 wasn't
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00470-00124672-00124886 covered we need to work on getting the
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00471-00124888-00125143 costs down for these and i'm confident
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00472-00125144-00125199 that
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00473-00125200-00125671 we can get the cost down great thank you
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00474-00125672-00125975 off the roundabout subject but uh
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00475-00125976-00126278 city of bakersfield we had a bicycle and
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00476-00126279-00126639 pedestrian study presented to us
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00477-00126640-00126975 at last night's city council and union
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00478-00126976-00127039 avenue
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00479-00127040-00127334 is far and above the most dangerous
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00480-00127335-00127431 corridor
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00481-00127432-00127790 in bakersfield uh three times the
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00482-00127791-00127958 fatalities three times of
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00483-00127959-00128310 accidents not just bike and bed but
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00484-00128311-00128807 cars also so i would like to encourage
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00485-00128808-00129183 caltrans to work on that court or
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00486-00129183-00129375 uh you know the the city of bakersfield
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00487-00129376-00129590 is going to work on
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00488-00129591-00129895 what they can but most of it is caltrans
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00489-00129896-00130214 responsibility i think i got john who
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00490-00130215-00130263 said that
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00491-00130264-00130390 they were willing to partner with the
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00492-00130391-00130607 city on on a solution
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00493-00130608-00130919 to that one great okay well i hope that
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00494-00130920-00131054 gets put on a list
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00495-00131055-00133166 thank you question here
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00496-00133167-00133519 chester and 30th we have a circle is
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00497-00133520-00133735 that a roundabout with an attached
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00498-00133736-00133935 homeless shelter
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00499-00133936-00134143 or what was that to begin with it's a
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00500-00134144-00134271 tropic circle
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00501-00134272-00134535 yeah i know the other thing i was going
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00502-00134536-00134654 to say what happened
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00503-00134655-00135014 years ago and caltrans had some guys
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00504-00135015-00135190 experiment with
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00505-00135191-00135590 and it worked but it wasn't accepted
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00506-00135591-00135878 and that is you mentioned deer grass
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00507-00135879-00136078 they got a hold of some fine bluegrass
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00508-00136079-00136407 that goalie grows about that high
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00509-00136408-00136751 and it stays green all year if you water
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00510-00136752-00136783 it
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00511-00136784-00137119 three times in the summer uses six
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00512-00137120-00137287 inches versus 36
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00513-00137288-00137654 inches and it um
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00514-00137655-00137847 you know it's once a year you have to
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00515-00137848-00138102 mow it to keep it healthy
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00516-00138103-00138399 and it was during one of the energy the
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00517-00138400-00138639 droughts that we are
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00518-00138640-00139007 seem to be having but it was accept and
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00519-00139008-00139119 it worked
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00520-00139120-00139543 they did a 20 miles inside of
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00521-00139544-00139823 sacramento on five they did a clove
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00522-00139824-00139959 relief with it
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00523-00139960-00140159 and it worked did most of the stuff they
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00524-00140160-00140343 wanted to do
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00525-00140344-00140647 and it proved effective maintenance
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00526-00140648-00140854 and everything however there's
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00527-00140855-00141183 objections to it is from the
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00528-00141184-00141359 people might end up start putting that
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00529-00141360-00141535 in their yards
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00530-00141536-00141727 it's not very good in rare yards because
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00531-00141728-00141887 it doesn't grow fast but in the front
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00532-00141888-00141999 yards and
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00533-00142000-00142302 where you look it's okay
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00534-00142303-00142607 but there's a problem with minority
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00535-00142608-00142895 employment because sort of thing people
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00536-00142896-00143095 start getting rid of that
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00537-00143096-00143399 thank you
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00538-00143400-00143895 sure
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00539-00143896-00144359 john polaris as far as the
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00540-00144360-00144735 highway 43 46 j street is that too close
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00541-00144736-00144790 to the
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00542-00144791-00145007 underpass that we have there by the
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00543-00145008-00145175 railroad tracks
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00544-00145176-00145502 and also uh will your design
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00545-00145503-00145751 be accommodating for two lanes each
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00546-00145752-00145887 direction
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00547-00145888-00146214 i i can take that councilman so the
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00548-00146215-00146519 uh good question first of all
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00549-00146520-00146863 that the roundabout that you're speaking
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00550-00146864-00146943 of is
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00551-00146944-00147295 um on the east side of
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00552-00147296-00147590 where the underpass starts and and the
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00553-00147591-00147654 design
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00554-00147655-00147959 is being coordinated actively with the
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00555-00147960-00148175 work that high-speed rail is being
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00556-00148176-00148447 is doing so what we're trying what
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00557-00148448-00148639 caltrans is trying to do right now
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00558-00148640-00148966 is give the money that they have for
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00559-00148967-00149023 that
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00560-00149024-00149343 roundabout to the builders of high-speed
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00561-00149344-00149502 rail so they can build
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00562-00149503-00149814 the roundabout and the underpass all in
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00563-00149815-00150039 one project and coordinate it together
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00564-00150040-00150183 and i've been in touch with your city
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00565-00150184-00150278 manager
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00566-00150279-00150799 about that
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00567-00150800-00151175 okay any other comments
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00568-00151176-00151437 great thank you very much thank you
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00569-00151438-00154083 [Music]
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00570-00154084-00155151 oh
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00571-00155152-00156502 the united states of america
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00572-00156503-00157519 roll call
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00573-00157520-00157878 here cantu
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00574-00157879-00158183 alvarado here scrivener
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00575-00158184-00158566 here crier here maurer
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00576-00158567-00158902 here p smith here
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00577-00158903-00159239 garcia b smith
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00578-00159240-00160759 i'm here couch here lucinovic
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00579-00160760-00161071 thank you
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00580-00161072-00161207 public comments this portion of the
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00581-00161208-00161359 meeting is reserved for persons to
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00582-00161360-00161559 address the committee on any matter not
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00583-00161560-00161695 on this agenda but under the
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00584-00161696-00161895 jurisdiction of the committee
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00585-00161896-00162095 committee members may respond briefly to
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00586-00162096-00162287 statements made or questions posed they
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00587-00162288-00162551 may ask a question for clarification
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00588-00162552-00162823 make a referral to staff for factual
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00589-00162824-00163014 information or request staff to report
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00590-00163015-00163183 back to the committee at a later meeting
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00591-00163184-00163399 speakers are limited to two minutes
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00592-00163400-00163519 with the authority of the chair to
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00593-00163520-00163671 extend the time limit as deemed
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00594-00163672-00163743 appropriate
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00595-00163744-00163935 for conducting the meeting please state
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00596-00163936-00164071 your name and address
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00597-00164072-00164231 for the record prior to making a
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00598-00164232-00164471 presentation are there any public
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00599-00164472-00164871 comments
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00600-00164872-00165238 scene consent agenda
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00601-00165239-00165583 opportunity for public comment all items
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00602-00165584-00165751 on the consenogen are considered to be
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00603-00165752-00165966 routine and non-controversial by
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00604-00165967-00166166 concoct staff and will be approved by
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00605-00166167-00166278 one motion
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00606-00166279-00166463 if no member of the committee or public
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00607-00166464-00166647 wishes to comment or ask
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00608-00166648-00166863 the comment or discussion is desired by
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00609-00166864-00167038 anyone the item will be removed
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00610-00167039-00167214 from the consent agenda and will be
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00611-00167215-00167407 considered in the listed sequence
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00612-00167408-00167583 with an opportunity for any member of
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00613-00167584-00167735 the public to address the committee
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00614-00167736-00168083 concerning the item before action is
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00615-00168084-00168199 taken
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00616-00168200-00168414 anybody want anything pulled off consent
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00617-00168415-00168647 agenda
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00618-00168648-00168975 move approval second
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00619-00168976-00169335 roll call vote
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00620-00169336-00169687 crump hi vallejo hi
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00621-00169688-00170023 alvarado yes briar
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00622-00170024-00170423 yes maurer yes p smith
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00623-00170424-00170775 yes garcia b smith
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00624-00170776-00171095 yes couch yes scrivener
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00625-00171096-00171399 aye kiernan
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00626-00171400-00171751 yes para yes and gordon
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00627-00171752-00172126 yes thank you
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00628-00172127-00172535 public workshop public comment 2020 2050
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00629-00172536-00172599 growth
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00630-00172600-00173023 forecast draft report
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00631-00173024-00173343 good evening chairman committee members
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00632-00173344-00173726 uh a few minutes i'll
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00633-00173727-00173999 introduce our economist that current
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00634-00174000-00174126 college worked with to develop the
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00635-00174127-00174302 regional growth forecast
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00636-00174303-00174566 but first i'll provide you with a uh
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00637-00174567-00174647 background of
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00638-00174648-00174838 the regional growth forecast and and
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00639-00174839-00175023 where we're at
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00640-00175024-00175214 where we're moving forward with the
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00641-00175215-00175719 growth forecast
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00642-00175720-00175887 updating the regional growth forecast is
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00643-00175888-00176054 one of the first steps
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00644-00176055-00176366 in the preparation of the 2020 regional
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00645-00176367-00176551 transportation plan
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00646-00176552-00176743 is a county-wide forecast creating
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00647-00176744-00176902 control totals for
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00648-00176903-00177254 county-wide projections and current cogs
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00649-00177255-00177447 transportation model
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00650-00177448-00177783 the rpac the regional planning advisory
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00651-00177784-00177959 committee provides oversight during this
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00652-00177960-00178095 process
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00653-00178096-00178311 and has been provided with updates
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00654-00178312-00178438 throughout the project since
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00655-00178439-00178711 we initiated the projects the project
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00656-00178712-00178751 last
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00657-00178752-00179199 may it's the 2020-2050
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00658-00179200-00179423 regional growth forecast we update it
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00659-00179424-00179607 every three to five years
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00660-00179608-00179966 and this year's a little special as well
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00661-00179967-00180375 the 2020 census is coming out
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00662-00180376-00180647 april 1st and that data will be
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00663-00180648-00180702 available
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00664-00180703-00181087 along with the california department
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00665-00181088-00181351 of finances for they update their
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00666-00181352-00181575 projections based on 2020 census
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00667-00181576-00181935 and that comes out um in early 2021
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00668-00181936-00182271 so we'll be looking at doing uh
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00669-00182272-00182599 updating um adjustments
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00670-00182600-00182943 to this forecast next year but it's
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00671-00182944-00183007 still the
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00672-00183008-00183335 the first step in preparing to do our
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00673-00183336-00183526 transportation modeling for the
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00674-00183527-00183863 the 2022 rtp and
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00675-00183864-00184183 one of the as we move forward we'll be
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00676-00184184-00184311 taking it to the
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00677-00184312-00184519 the regional planning advisory committee
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00678-00184520-00184638 to
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00679-00184639-00184911 review uh distributing that control
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00680-00184912-00185159 total to the rest of kern county and
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00681-00185160-00185375 and how that gets divided based on all
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00682-00185376-00185671 the the city's projections
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00683-00185672-00185854 and then we move that even further
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00684-00185855-00186071 forward into smaller geographies
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00685-00186072-00186295 uh at the transportation analysis zone
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00686-00186296-00186495 level which is what the
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00687-00186496-00186831 transportation model uses in
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00688-00186832-00187135 projecting transportation patterns and
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00689-00187136-00187607 congestion in the future
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00690-00187608-00187990 so today um is the public workshop
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00691-00187991-00188287 the public comment period began february
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00692-00188288-00188343 7th
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00693-00188344-00188943 and will be closing march 9th
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00694-00188944-00189311 following public comments we anticipate
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00695-00189312-00189671 uh adoption in march and then like i
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00696-00189672-00189902 said we'll be uh
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00697-00189903-00190207 re revisiting it um at the beginning of
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00698-00190208-00190350 2021
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00699-00190351-00190711 for the adjustments from the 2020 census
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00700-00190712-00191102 and also be moving forward to
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00701-00191103-00191414 distribute to what we call the regional
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00702-00191415-00191671 statistical areas the 10 geographies
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00703-00191672-00191911 that the counties divided
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00704-00191912-00192238 into um at the re the r pack
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00705-00192239-00192550 we'll be working on on that um
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00706-00192551-00192847 in the coming year with that i'd like to
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00707-00192848-00192950 introduce uh
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00708-00192951-00193231 mark schneep our econ economist who's
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00709-00193232-00193271 gonna
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00710-00193272-00193502 provide a presentation of the regional
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00711-00193503-00193926 growth forecasts
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00712-00193927-00194326 okay all right thanks ben
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00713-00194327-00194654 let's see okay what's up
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00714-00194655-00195023 so i'm going to show you uh a few things
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00715-00195024-00195199 about the forecast particularly
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00716-00195200-00195407 population our uh
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00717-00195408-00195719 our full charge here was to
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00718-00195720-00196071 uh forecast all these things
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00719-00196072-00196350 uh but uh tonight i'm not gonna go
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00720-00196351-00196526 through all that minutia because it'll
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00721-00196527-00196695 just put you to sleep
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00722-00196696-00196950 so i'm just gonna talk principally about
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00723-00196951-00197102 population because that's gonna be the
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00724-00197103-00197287 most important component
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00725-00197288-00197543 for the transportation model and also to
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00726-00197544-00197783 get most of these other things anyway
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00727-00197784-00197911 so i'll talk about that a little bit
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00728-00197912-00198143 about employment too and
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00729-00198144-00198438 i'll mention households other than that
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00730-00198439-00198590 all the details of everything else can
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00731-00198591-00198935 be found in our report
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00732-00198936-00199126 okay so we've had to produce a
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00733-00199127-00199326 population forecast and
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00734-00199327-00199502 we find these things really critical we
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00735-00199503-00199695 forecast population for every county
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00736-00199696-00200007 in the state uh and we've been doing
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00737-00200008-00200223 that for quite a long time so
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00738-00200224-00200511 um one of the things that's easy about
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00739-00200512-00200590 population
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00740-00200591-00200959 it's is that it's an accounting identity
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00741-00200960-00201278 so if you know population last year then
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00742-00201279-00201438 you just get all the births that
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00743-00201439-00201590 occurred since then
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00744-00201591-00201759 and you subtract all the deaths that
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00745-00201760-00201926 occurred and then you add on and
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00746-00201927-00202143 everybody that migrated in
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00747-00202144-00202343 and so you got the new population okay
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00748-00202344-00202495 that's an easy one so
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00749-00202496-00202726 it's critical therefore that you know
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00750-00202727-00202926 you get a good forecast of births and
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00751-00202927-00203078 deaths and net migration because those
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00752-00203079-00203183 are the three things that are going to
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00753-00203184-00203447 tell you what your population is right
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00754-00203448-00203735 all right so births and deaths those two
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00755-00203736-00203847 components
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00756-00203848-00204190 those are basically driven by age okay
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00757-00204191-00204454 the fertile age population and then the
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00758-00204455-00204671 older age populations which are then
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00759-00204672-00204958 vulnerable so if you know the age
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00760-00204959-00205127 distribution of the population then you
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00761-00205128-00205294 pretty much got a good handle on births
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00762-00205296-00205366 and deaths
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00763-00205367-00205671 particularly if fertility rates don't
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00764-00205671-00205719 change
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00765-00205719-00206023 too much and then net migration is
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00766-00206023-00206351 largely driven by
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00767-00206352-00206703 economic factors like is there jobs
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00768-00206704-00206951 is there housing is the housing
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00769-00206952-00207119 affordable
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00770-00207119-00207382 and is there income potential and
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00771-00207383-00207542 opportunities that exist
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00772-00207544-00207782 okay so all those things were factored
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00773-00207783-00207846 in
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00774-00207848-00208094 to our migration estimate and the first
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00775-00208096-00208231 thing i want to show you is the births
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00776-00208232-00208390 and deaths forecast because that's going
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00777-00208391-00208566 to be critical of course
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00778-00208567-00208958 to this so here's our forecast cef
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00779-00208959-00209255 is in blue and the department of finance
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00780-00209256-00209479 forecast that was made last august and
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00781-00209480-00209638 september
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00782-00209639-00209894 for current county and births is in red
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00783-00209896-00210023 and you can see
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00784-00210023-00210310 that the dof here has a little bit
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00785-00210311-00210463 higher births
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00786-00210464-00210815 than we do going forward but then
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00787-00210816-00211151 just a few weeks ago the department of
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00788-00211152-00211310 finance came out
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00789-00211311-00211663 with a brand new forecast significantly
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00790-00211664-00211710 more
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00791-00211711-00212031 uh bearish one i should say and
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00792-00212032-00212342 this is this was their their new birth
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00793-00212344-00212406 forecast
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00794-00212407-00212871 it's quite dramatic quite dramatic
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00795-00212871-00213182 quite a departure uh from
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00796-00213183-00213423 uh what they had originally been telling
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00797-00213423-00213606 us all along
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00798-00213607-00213951 so um let me show you
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00799-00213952-00214191 uh that in order for that to have
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00800-00214192-00214294 occurred
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00801-00214296-00214406 you're going to have to lose a lot of
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00802-00214407-00214591 fertile age population or they're just
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00803-00214592-00214639 going to
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00804-00214640-00214982 simply stop having kids it's the only
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00805-00214983-00215094 way that could happen
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00806-00215096-00215415 so here's the population 25 to 44 which
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00807-00215416-00215494 is again
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00808-00215496-00215734 that's when most of babies are born
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00809-00215735-00215798 that's that
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00810-00215800-00216079 that in that age group of the population
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00811-00216080-00216255 from that age group and here's kern
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00812-00216256-00216327 county
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00813-00216328-00216487 and i put california in there to show
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00814-00216488-00216655 you that kern county is actually
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00815-00216656-00216887 increasing faster than california
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00816-00216888-00217094 in terms of this age category the
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00817-00217096-00217198 millennials and then
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00818-00217200-00217510 following up with generation z
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00819-00217511-00217823 okay so we know that the fertilized
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00820-00217823-00217919 populations aren't
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00821-00217919-00218310 going to decline so so the uf has to
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00822-00218311-00218510 believe that millennials are just going
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00823-00218511-00218631 to stop having kids
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00824-00218632-00218967 entirely which i think is we're seeing
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00825-00218967-00219127 that to some extent but i think that
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00826-00219128-00219279 their forecast is just
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00827-00219280-00219623 unreasonably too bearish
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00828-00219623-00219982 so if uh here is births the birth rate
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00829-00219983-00220046 essentially
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00830-00220048-00220423 births over the population age 25 to 44
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00831-00220423-00220639 and that would be our birth rate and you
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00832-00220640-00220758 can see that it moves
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00833-00220759-00221198 right in lockstep with california
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00834-00221200-00221351 okay moves right in locks up with
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00835-00221352-00221655 california there's the new dof forecast
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00836-00221656-00221951 it just deteriorates away so again dof
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00837-00221952-00221982 is
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00838-00221983-00222287 is assuming that the birth rate
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00839-00222288-00222591 is going to drop precipitously over the
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00840-00222592-00222710 next
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00841-00222711-00222894 30 years and we don't think it's quite
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00842-00222896-00223063 gonna do that particularly if california
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00843-00223064-00223206 is holding up
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00844-00223207-00223487 so why is current going to be different
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00845-00223488-00223646 it just doesn't make sense okay
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00846-00223648-00223871 so that's that's gonna that's why we
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00847-00223871-00224023 believe in our forecast of
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00848-00224023-00224255 births now here's the forecast of deaths
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00849-00224256-00224455 got to subtract this out you know
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00850-00224456-00224775 to get to population and uh there's
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00851-00224776-00225015 the old dof forecast which was made last
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00852-00225016-00225231 august september
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00853-00225232-00225615 and there's ours cef and there's the new
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00854-00225616-00225767 one so they came out with a new one and
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00855-00225767-00225998 they added more deaths
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00856-00226000-00226271 all right uh and get got a little bit
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00857-00226271-00226398 closer to us
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00858-00226400-00226551 on this one but we're still a little bit
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00859-00226552-00226727 higher why are we higher because
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00860-00226728-00227055 we have a little bit higher 75
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00861-00227056-00227391 in year old population for kern going
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00862-00227392-00227463 forward
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00863-00227464-00227767 than dof does and why do we have it
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00864-00227767-00227919 because it's more consistent
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00865-00227919-00228055 with what we're seeing at the state
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00866-00228056-00228239 level
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00867-00228240-00228582 okay normally it's really easy to
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00868-00228583-00228846 get the age of the population because
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00869-00228848-00229039 people have a bad habit of aging one
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00870-00229040-00229167 year every year
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00871-00229167-00229471 and so you just extrapolate that out the
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00872-00229471-00229646 only wild card is how many people are
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00873-00229648-00229871 coming in through migration that are
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00874-00229871-00230134 going to end up in this age category so
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00875-00230135-00230239 that that makes
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00876-00230240-00230398 there's some room for error then because
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00877-00230400-00230655 of that so anyway
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00878-00230656-00230823 that's our births and deaths the last
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00879-00230823-00231055 component would be migration
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00880-00231056-00231271 okay which is the biggest wild card
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00881-00231271-00231542 normally and here is migration over time
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00882-00231544-00231671 net migration that means the total
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00883-00231671-00231903 number of in migrants
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00884-00231904-00232303 less the total number of out migrants
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00885-00232304-00232542 that's what this is going back 25 26
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00886-00232544-00232655 years
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00887-00232656-00232975 okay in kern county so i
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00888-00232976-00233198 you can see that in the most recent say
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00889-00233200-00233542 10 or 12 years it's been relatively low
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00890-00233544-00233767 in fact the average per year when you
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00891-00233767-00233887 look at the department of finance
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00892-00233888-00234175 estimates for this is about 520 people
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00893-00234176-00234542 per year coming in that's in minus out
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00894-00234544-00234951 all right so not many and
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00895-00234952-00235255 if you take the long 25-year average
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00896-00235256-00235806 you get 4031 on average per year
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00897-00235807-00236023 but you can see it was boosted up by
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00898-00236023-00236215 what occurred during the early part of
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00899-00236216-00236263 the
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00900-00236264-00236527 21st century there leading up to the
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00901-00236528-00236751 housing bubble and then ultimately the
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00902-00236752-00236894 great recession
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00903-00236896-00237063 and by the way that's the reason if we
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00904-00237064-00237255 look at the most recent
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00905-00237256-00237542 downturn in migration right in that part
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00906-00237544-00237719 that's the great recession so
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00907-00237719-00237927 we know that that's probably real but
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00908-00237928-00238103 something else happened right there what
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00909-00238104-00238446 happened in 2014 to 2016 in kern county
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00910-00238448-00238671 that would have caused an out-migration
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00911-00238671-00238951 to occur
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00912-00238952-00239134 okay and everybody says that everybody
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00913-00239135-00239319 immediately goes to the fact that oil
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00914-00239319-00239582 melted down the oil prices melted down
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00915-00239583-00239751 and therefore so did the industry but it
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00916-00239752-00239982 was more than just that
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00917-00239983-00240319 okay let's talk about the 2014 to 2016
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00918-00240319-00240527 downturn because i think it has
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00919-00240528-00240830 serious implications for those us that
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00920-00240831-00240975 think about what migration is going to
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00921-00240976-00240998 be
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00922-00241000-00241246 in the future oil prices tumbled during
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00923-00241248-00241367 that time period
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00924-00241367-00241782 and we saw jobs in oil and gas industry
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00925-00241783-00242046 decline sharply okay we know that's part
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00926-00242048-00242142 of the record
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00927-00242144-00242351 in fact here is the record oil and gas
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00928-00242352-00242519 extraction
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00929-00242519-00242846 jobs and uh there's the tumble big time
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00930-00242848-00243151 going into 2015 2016 and then
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00931-00243152-00243367 it has recovered some not much but it
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00932-00243367-00243558 has recovered
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00933-00243559-00243791 okay but there were other factors so it
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00934-00243792-00243951 wasn't just oil there was more of a
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00935-00243952-00244175 perfect storm scenario that occurred
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00936-00244176-00244263 during this time
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00937-00244264-00244679 in kern county you had a drought
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00938-00244680-00244934 okay a major california drought and that
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00939-00244935-00245110 caused farm employment to stagnate in
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00940-00245111-00245206 fact it even went down
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00941-00245207-00245455 in a few years and employment and food
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00942-00245456-00245694 manufacturing declined
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00943-00245696-00246039 and crop valuations declined so that
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00944-00246040-00246215 didn't help the job market didn't help
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00945-00246216-00246430 migration coming in to find jobs because
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00946-00246431-00246558 their jobs were really
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00947-00246559-00246775 quite stagnant then and then the other
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00948-00246776-00246919 thing dod
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00949-00246919-00247142 budgets declined sharply during that
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00950-00247144-00247327 particular time period
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00951-00247328-00247551 and when dod budgets declined you had
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00952-00247552-00247727 resulting
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00953-00247728-00247919 strength reductions and overall civilian
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00954-00247919-00248103 reductions for that matter at china lake
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00955-00248104-00248279 and edwards
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00956-00248280-00248575 so the combination of all these factors
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00957-00248576-00248798 really accounted for that anomaly
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00958-00248800-00249151 in migration that that lowered the curve
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00959-00249152-00249423 here's a dod budget there it is there's
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00960-00249423-00249703 the big decline that occurred 2014 2015
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00961-00249704-00250063 2016. but it's built up since then
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00962-00250064-00250263 and our forecast for the dod budget
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00963-00250264-00250375 particularly if the current
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00964-00250376-00250582 administration gets reelected
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00965-00250583-00250742 is going to be a lot more optimistic
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00966-00250744-00250942 going forward it's going to be more
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00967-00250944-00251087 optimistic for the two base
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00968-00251088-00251327 to two large bases in in the county as
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00969-00251328-00251623 well
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00970-00251623-00251855 okay so our five-year outlook by the way
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00971-00251856-00251942 is this
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00972-00251944-00252206 stable to hire dod budgets which is
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00973-00252207-00252334 going to help out a lot of federal
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00974-00252335-00252534 civilian and military employment
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00975-00252535-00252710 significant construction employment
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00976-00252711-00252855 boost look for that
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00977-00252856-00252982 you're going to see a lot more jobs in
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00978-00252983-00253198 construction from the earthquake repair
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00979-00253200-00253334 china lake
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00980-00253335-00253471 i don't know how many are going to have
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00981-00253471-00253719 to employ but they've got three
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00982-00253719-00253942 billion dollars already appropriated to
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00983-00253944-00254071 fix it
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00984-00254071-00254398 more energy projects coming down line
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00985-00254400-00254567 and then of course a lot more housing
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00986-00254567-00254703 development
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00987-00254704-00254894 particularly at the bottom of the grade
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00988-00254896-00255167 and then going up the grade
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00989-00255167-00255391 we don't see any change in oil and gas
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00990-00255392-00255575 the production profile the trend in
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00991-00255576-00255646 place
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00992-00255648-00255806 we're not making any assumptions about
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00993-00255807-00256030 it in melting down anymore
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00994-00256031-00256279 in fact we see oil prices rising in line
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00995-00256280-00256415 with the energy information
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00996-00256416-00256655 administration forecasts they're kind of
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00997-00256656-00256815 stable for the next few years and they
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00998-00256816-00256982 start rising
+4Odp1LnZvjA-00999-00256983-00257182 and that is what we have found to be the
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01000-00257183-00257367 most statistically
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01001-00257367-00257727 relevant factor for oil and gas
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01002-00257728-00258110 employment is rising oil prices
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01003-00258111-00258239 then you have the high-speed rail
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01004-00258240-00258487 project that's going to cause
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01005-00258488-00258751 be growth inducing for the county so
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01006-00258752-00258958 there's a lot of optimistic stuff
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01007-00258959-00259223 happening down the pike for kern county
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01008-00259223-00259398 okay so our migration estimate
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01009-00259400-00259694 after all that that is our forecast in
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01010-00259696-00259830 blue
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01011-00259831-00259998 all right you can see it rising in fact
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01012-00260000-00260279 it's rising right along
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01013-00260280-00260598 the long 25 year average
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01014-00260600-00260910 of about 4 000 per year dof was a lot
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01015-00260911-00261023 higher than that
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01016-00261023-00261279 but again then dof changed their mind
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01017-00261280-00261430 came out with a new migration forecast
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01018-00261431-00261567 two three weeks ago
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01019-00261567-00261863 there it is it's a lot closer to ours
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01020-00261864-00262175 little in fact even a little bit less
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01021-00262176-00262463 okay okay now put all these scenarios
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01022-00262464-00262543 together
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01023-00262544-00262671 we have burst we have deaths we have
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01024-00262672-00262895 migration how does population look like
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01025-00262896-00263023 in the forecast
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01026-00263024-00263310 well here's four lines the top line is
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01027-00263311-00263406 the forecast
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01028-00263407-00263671 from the 2015 regional regional growth
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01029-00263672-00263775 forecast that
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01030-00263776-00264079 you've been operating under and that fed
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01031-00264080-00264239 into the transportation plan and
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01032-00264240-00264343 everything else
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01033-00264344-00264719 okay the red is the dof estimate from
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01034-00264720-00265095 last september the blue
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01035-00265096-00265455 is our current forecast and the green
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01036-00265456-00265775 is the new dof revision
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01037-00265776-00266079 so it's following ours all the way up to
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01038-00266080-00266295 about you know 2040 and then it somewhat
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01039-00266296-00266455 departures and goes down it's because
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01040-00266456-00266606 that birth rate
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01041-00266607-00266863 because of that draconian change and the
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01042-00266864-00267015 fertility rates that they
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01043-00267016-00267199 are assuming that's causing that
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01044-00267200-00267375 departure
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01045-00267376-00267710 anyway dof was at 1.35 million by the
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01046-00267711-00267847 year 2050.
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01047-00267848-00268175 we are at 1.23 and under the new revised
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01048-00268176-00268399 deal after 1.17 so we differ
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01049-00268400-00268727 by about 60 000 people in after 30 years
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01050-00268728-00268823 and
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01051-00268824-00269182 i think their forecast is a little bit
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01052-00269183-00269503 too bearish at this point let me talk
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01053-00269504-00269687 quickly about employment
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01054-00269688-00269975 i don't have too much more we forecast
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01055-00269976-00270167 all 20
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01056-00270168-00270487 industries current county
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01057-00270488-00270639 and then the sum of all those industries
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01058-00270640-00270775 give you total employment that's all the
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01059-00270776-00270879 industries
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01060-00270880-00271175 that exist employment is principally
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01061-00271176-00271255 driven by
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01062-00271256-00271439 all the regional economic factors that
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01063-00271440-00271567 exist in the county
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01064-00271568-00271775 and by state and national factors as
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01065-00271776-00271999 well so all those are in our model
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01066-00272000-00272119 our econometric model that we've been
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01067-00272120-00272327 using to forecast kern county for the
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01068-00272328-00272510 last 19 years
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01069-00272511-00272815 and have used that this time around as
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01070-00272816-00272943 well
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01071-00272944-00273151 so here's our here's our short-term
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01072-00273152-00273327 forecast for oil and gas
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01073-00273328-00273527 employment you can see it really doesn't
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01074-00273528-00273663 change too much
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01075-00273664-00273903 it hit these peaks here when oil prices
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01076-00273904-00274039 were really high
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01077-00274040-00274239 then it plummeted as i showed you before
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01078-00274240-00274495 when oil prices melted down
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01079-00274496-00274671 but now oil prices have come back a
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01080-00274672-00274799 little bit and the
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01081-00274800-00275182 forecast is for them to rise slightly
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01082-00275183-00275423 stable to slightly going forward and so
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01083-00275424-00275623 that's the estimate we again we don't
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01084-00275624-00275958 assume anything out of the ordinary for
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01085-00275959-00276063 oil and gas for
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01086-00276064-00276255 at the moment not for the most likely
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01087-00276256-00276534 scenario
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01088-00276535-00276710 and then just to show you some other
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01089-00276711-00276903 forecasts i'll show you the longer term
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01090-00276904-00277030 ones this is what the longer term for
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01091-00277031-00277151 construction looks like you can see
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01092-00277152-00277343 construction runs up
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01093-00277344-00277527 because of some of the things that i've
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01094-00277528-00277703 talked about plus much more housing
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01095-00277704-00277919 projects plus high-speed rail project
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01096-00277920-00278191 so that's all feeding into this next
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01097-00278192-00278367 10-year forecast for construction and
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01098-00278368-00278703 then it starts to tail off after that
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01099-00278704-00278919 care has always been very important you
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01100-00278920-00279103 can see that historical run-up has been
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01101-00279104-00279239 remarkable
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01102-00279240-00279455 that will continue because of the age
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01103-00279456-00279615 demographics
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01104-00279616-00279919 of the county and of the state
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01105-00279920-00280239 and then you're seeing a resurgence in
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01106-00280240-00280271 the
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01107-00280272-00280519 employ uh professional business services
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01108-00280520-00280679 and the technical employment
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01109-00280680-00280863 and we look for that to continue to
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01110-00280864-00281182 increase over time
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01111-00281183-00281447 and also the other big industry here is
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01112-00281448-00281671 leisure and hospitality so
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01113-00281672-00282015 we have uh the growth rate somewhat
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01114-00282016-00282191 ebbing and flowing there it's not quite
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01115-00282192-00282375 as strong as it was during the history
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01116-00282376-00282423 but
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01117-00282424-00282663 it still rises over time to accommodate
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01118-00282664-00283071 a growing population
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01119-00283072-00283255 total employment everything up i just
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01120-00283256-00283367 showed you a couple of the industries
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01121-00283368-00283495 not all 20.
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01122-00283496-00283663 but uh there's total employment that's
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01123-00283664-00283830 what it looks like over time it's
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01124-00283831-00284079 sustained all the way out to 2050
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01125-00284080-00284310 and here it is again the blue line there
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01126-00284311-00284454 i've turned it into a line rather than a
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01127-00284455-00284519 bar chart
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01128-00284520-00284687 so you could compare it with total
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01129-00284688-00284823 employment that you had
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01130-00284824-00285127 forecast in the 2015 regional growth
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01131-00285128-00285295 forecast that was the last one
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01132-00285296-00285479 and this is the current one right now
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01133-00285480-00285654 and it's come way down
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01134-00285655-00285919 because population is a lot lower and
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01135-00285920-00286134 other factors in fact here is
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01136-00286135-00286343 um i'll get get to that summary of those
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01137-00286344-00286510 other factors in just a second
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01138-00286511-00286751 but real quickly for households when
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01139-00286752-00286815 you're going to
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01140-00286816-00286951 forecast what households are going to be
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01141-00286952-00287082 in the future you have to have a pretty
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01142-00287083-00287215 good
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01143-00287216-00287582 idea of how you're going to forecast
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01144-00287583-00287895 number of homes being built so we do
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01145-00287896-00288087 that in our models and we do it based on
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01146-00288088-00288279 economic factors and
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01147-00288280-00288527 population and a variety of other things
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01148-00288528-00288791 so single family multiple family permits
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01149-00288792-00288871 for houses
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01150-00288872-00289079 those that's our forecast going forward
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01151-00289080-00289263 it's not too much different than what's
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01152-00289264-00289439 going on right now but it is a little
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01153-00289440-00289558 bit
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01154-00289559-00289799 higher for a single family not much for
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01155-00289800-00289927 multi-family
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01156-00289928-00290239 but nothing like it was historically
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01157-00290240-00290543 so that's uh going not not
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01158-00290544-00290743 going to be as optimistic of a forecast
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01159-00290744-00290982 and then you feed those into the house
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01160-00290983-00291095 number of households that currently
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01161-00291096-00291319 exist now and you move that forward and
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01162-00291320-00291687 our cef estimate is in blue the 2015
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01163-00291688-00291799 forecast before
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01164-00291800-00292134 is in red so again much more austere
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01165-00292135-00292415 austere forecast this time around for
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01166-00292416-00292630 kern county
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01167-00292631-00292951 so it is to summarize we have a more
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01168-00292952-00293223 conservative forecast in 2015
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01169-00293224-00293487 population growth is muted principally
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01170-00293488-00293558 due to
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01171-00293559-00293727 more realistic projections of in
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01172-00293728-00293934 migration
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01173-00293935-00294110 okay we have less employment due to
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01174-00294111-00294254 lower population
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01175-00294255-00294551 and the onset of more automation in many
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01176-00294552-00294830 of the workplaces that
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01177-00294831-00295015 underscore us a lot of these industries
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01178-00295016-00295247 in current county so automation will
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01179-00295248-00295551 certainly replace workers to some extent
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01180-00295552-00295703 and then you have just the reduced
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01181-00295704-00295863 number of households because you have
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01182-00295864-00295927 reduced
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01183-00295928-00296327 or lower projections of population
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01184-00296328-00296551 okay that's the summary i wanted to give
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01185-00296552-00296647 you uh
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01186-00296648-00296815 and kind of wanted to show you for some
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01187-00296816-00296967 of the key highlights of the forecast so
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01188-00296968-00297167 if you have any questions i'm
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01189-00297168-00297558 open for them
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01190-00297559-00297830 so again just it's pretty drastically
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01191-00297831-00297887 different
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01192-00297888-00298319 from 2015. so what are the underlying
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01193-00298320-00298687 factors that cause that
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01194-00298688-00299023 change uh growth is
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01195-00299024-00299430 is a lot slower than we had originally
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01196-00299431-00299695 that than what we had thought it would
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01197-00299696-00299854 be back in 20 well we didn't do the
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01198-00299855-00299975 forecast
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01199-00299976-00300119 would ours would never have been that
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01200-00300120-00300343 high to begin with but your consultant
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01201-00300344-00300463 back then
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01202-00300464-00300782 didn't uh uh assumed much
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01203-00300783-00301103 faster growth based on uh
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01204-00301104-00301439 previous history uh and and
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01205-00301440-00301758 at that time uh the consultant also
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01206-00301759-00301903 probably couldn't see just what
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01207-00301904-00302103 had happened with net migration and
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01208-00302104-00302254 housing and a variety of other things
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01209-00302255-00302351 but now
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01210-00302352-00302639 uh it's less cloudy it's less blurry we
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01211-00302640-00302687 can see
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01212-00302688-00302910 from history what has happened and we
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01213-00302911-00303175 can make a more realistic forecast
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01214-00303176-00303463 this time around so population growth is
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01215-00303464-00303695 just a lot slower plus
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01216-00303696-00303999 as i mentioned earlier fertility rates
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01217-00304000-00304334 have changed you know significantly not
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01218-00304335-00304751 quite as stark as some of those new dof
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01219-00304752-00305023 estimates are suggesting in the forecast
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01220-00305024-00305215 period but they have come down
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01221-00305216-00305606 millennials are not having as many kids
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01222-00305607-00305863 you know as generation x did at that
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01223-00305864-00305982 same age and as
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01224-00305983-00306303 us boomers isn't kern county still
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01225-00306304-00306591 higher fertility rates than in the state
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01226-00306592-00306743 as a whole yes
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01227-00306744-00307054 slightly higher and so we don't think
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01228-00307055-00307230 that they're just going to deteriorate
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01229-00307231-00307630 significantly suddenly but nevertheless
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01230-00307631-00307791 we couldn't we didn't account for that
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01231-00307792-00307934 or at least many of the consultants
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01232-00307935-00308110 didn't account for that back in 2014
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01233-00308111-00308199 when this forecast
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01234-00308200-00308519 was prepared yeah one one note um
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01235-00308520-00308879 we looked at recovering from the oil uh
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01236-00308880-00309271 the decline in oil sooner um
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01237-00309272-00309543 and having i think i think the at that
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01238-00309544-00309758 time predicted a much
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01239-00309759-00310134 uh better um recovery
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01240-00310135-00310479 from that so it if you saw that that big
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01241-00310480-00310567 dip
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01242-00310568-00310903 um that happened we had it
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01243-00310904-00311119 curving up a lot earlier so there's a
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01244-00311120-00311375 big drastic change just right there at
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01245-00311376-00311558 where your starting off point is for the
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01246-00311559-00311679 2018 uh
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01247-00311680-00312343 forecast or the 2020
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01248-00312344-00312606 do you see forecast correlation with the
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01249-00312607-00312647 uh
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01250-00312648-00313023 minimum wage moving up where universe
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01251-00313024-00313230 businesses are hiring or going to
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01252-00313231-00313391 automation
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01253-00313392-00313639 yes definitely i talk about this all the
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01254-00313640-00313815 time
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01255-00313816-00314047 particularly when i go into high schools
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01256-00314048-00314215 and uh give a lot of the kids
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01257-00314216-00314527 uh uh an idea of what kind of fields
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01258-00314528-00314663 they should be preparing for
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01259-00314664-00314879 and hopefully that their jobs that
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01260-00314880-00315030 they're currently thinking about now
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01261-00315031-00315230 aren't going to be replaced too quickly
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01262-00315231-00315519 through automation but yes automation is
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01263-00315520-00315567 going to
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01264-00315568-00315958 become much more uh economical because
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01265-00315959-00316182 labor costs are going to be rising much
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01266-00316183-00316399 faster with with minimum wages going up
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01267-00316400-00316495 the way they are so
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01268-00316496-00316847 that is it's going to have one of these
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01269-00316848-00317143 unintended consequences that nobody ever
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01270-00317144-00317271 wants and that is
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01271-00317272-00317527 instead of providing more jobs at a
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01272-00317528-00317639 higher
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01273-00317640-00317903 wage you're going to provide less jobs
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01274-00317904-00317967 because
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01275-00317968-00318151 more employers are going to be moving
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01276-00318152-00318271 into automated
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01277-00318272-00318567 or robotic kinds of capital yeah i can
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01278-00318568-00318823 agree we employ about 450 people
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01279-00318824-00319006 and we're going to more automation in
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01280-00319007-00319127 fact we're looking at
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01281-00319128-00319382 eliminating another 200 seasonal workers
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01282-00319383-00319463 for weeding
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01283-00319464-00319599 on the field because new equipment come
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01284-00319600-00319830 out there for
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01285-00319831-00320151 automatic uh we need machines
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01286-00320152-00320334 robotics and stuff to pull the weeds out
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01287-00320335-00320463 in fields that we usually have
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01288-00320464-00320679 humans out there pulling them so a lot
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01289-00320680-00320815 of things happening because of the
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01290-00320816-00320958 minimum wage
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01291-00320959-00321119 and another factor we're hitting right
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01292-00321120-00321343 now is because at one time
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01293-00321344-00321527 last year we could work with workers 10
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01294-00321528-00321751 hours we pay overtime
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01295-00321752-00321967 and because of some do-gooders and stuff
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01296-00321968-00322134 thought they'd be helping the workers
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01297-00322135-00322199 out
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01298-00322200-00322439 sorry they kept anything over nine hours
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01299-00322440-00322558 now
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01300-00322559-00322958 is um overtime anything over 50 is over
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01301-00322959-00323030 time
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01302-00323031-00323279 and uh so we had to cut the workers down
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01303-00323280-00323367 to nine hours
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01304-00323368-00323671 man they're looking 150 to 200 a week
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01305-00323672-00323847 less than a paycheck because of that one
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01306-00323848-00323919 move
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01307-00323920-00324175 on the already already so it's i know
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01308-00324176-00324351 the workers are suffering right now
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01309-00324352-00324630 and a lot and unfortunately that's the
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01310-00324631-00324703 case of the
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01311-00324704-00324871 sick in order to stay in business or
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01312-00324872-00324991 business model in order to keep our
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01313-00324992-00325143 doors open wow and that's
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01314-00325144-00325351 right with the world you know it's a
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01315-00325352-00325510 general thinking across
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01316-00325511-00325767 california right now we're that you're
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01317-00325768-00325927 we're seeing that yes
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01318-00325928-00326191 are you using uh automation automation
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01319-00326192-00326295 for harvesting
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01320-00326296-00326471 uh we do have equipment for that already
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01321-00326472-00326710 but we're working that uh weed control
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01322-00326711-00326863 we do a lot in our oranges we have a
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01323-00326864-00327054 robotics center to pack the
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01324-00327055-00327327 oranges and grating different things and
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01325-00327328-00327358 in
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01326-00327359-00327519 our carrots the baby carrots we're doing
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01327-00327520-00327775 a lot of automation there really a lot
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01328-00327776-00327854 of people
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01329-00327855-00328039 because we had to in order to stay in
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01330-00328040-00328239 business in order to stay in business
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01331-00328240-00328391 and compete
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01332-00328392-00328519 but it's getting tough yeah and we're
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01333-00328520-00328758 seeing that in restaurants now too
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01334-00328759-00329039 uh the chili's restaurants on the coast
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01335-00329040-00329199 they now use ipads to order
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01336-00329200-00329510 from and and more of that is
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01337-00329511-00329734 occurring now so you don't have a weight
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01338-00329735-00329943 the only waitress or waiter that shows
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01339-00329944-00330119 up at your table is the one that's
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01340-00330120-00330278 bringing you the food
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01341-00330279-00330406 well it's sad for the young folks
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01342-00330407-00330639 because it must be an entry uh
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01343-00330640-00330910 level job to work now they're now
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01344-00330911-00331078 they're wanting the older people now
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01345-00331079-00331206 because they're experienced they want
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01346-00331207-00331310 they want to train somebody out of high
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01347-00331311-00331478 school or college because uh
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01348-00331479-00331591 they don't have the experience life
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01349-00331592-00331782 experience to know how to work
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01350-00331783-00331910 so they're the ones that are suffering
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01351-00331911-00332223 themselves but you know generation z
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01352-00332224-00332543 which is about everyone born since 2000
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01353-00332544-00332871 is is understanding that now they
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01354-00332872-00333063 see that writing on the wall so what are
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01355-00333064-00333175 they doing
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01356-00333176-00333478 that's why the stem
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01357-00333479-00333782 majors are increasing rapidly
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01358-00333783-00333951 in colleges and universities right now
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01359-00333952-00334103 they want to go into engineering and
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01360-00334104-00334263 math and science fields and stuff like
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01361-00334264-00334415 that because they know
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01362-00334416-00334639 they're going to get their any job other
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01363-00334640-00334806 jobs are going to get automated away so
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01364-00334807-00334927 we're seeing this
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01365-00334928-00335223 dramatic increase and a lot more
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01366-00335224-00335303 functional
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01367-00335304-00335543 usable majors and not away from
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01368-00335544-00335743 humanities and communications and things
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01369-00335744-00335823 like that
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01370-00335824-00336103 the other last question i have is on a
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01371-00336104-00336158 birth
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01372-00336159-00336327 part of it i just don't think the
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01373-00336328-00336575 millennials know how to have fun
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01374-00336576-00336967 you know i'll put that in the report
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01375-00336968-00337327 thank you thank you
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01376-00337328-00337591 they're too busy playing on there so i
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01377-00337592-00337830 have a question for
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01378-00337831-00338167 mr akimi so this obviously affects
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01379-00338168-00338471 traffic modeling future greenhouse gas
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01380-00338472-00338695 reductions
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01381-00338696-00339030 yes this this is the one of the
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01382-00339031-00339358 the legs of our stool it's one of the
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01383-00339359-00339447 basis
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01384-00339448-00339687 of of how we forecast what traffic is
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01385-00339688-00339782 going to be like
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01386-00339783-00340047 we consider population we considered
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01387-00340048-00340158 jobs
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01388-00340159-00340503 land available so the short answer is
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01389-00340504-00340847 is yes it has a big impact on the
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01390-00340848-00341039 uh cycle that we're starting now which
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01391-00341040-00341223 is our 20-year
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01392-00341224-00341519 look ahead you know how many buses do we
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01393-00341520-00341734 need how many trains do we need how many
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01394-00341735-00341967 lanes on the highways do we need how
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01395-00341968-00342215 much congestion will there be and
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01396-00342216-00342406 with all that how much air pollution
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01397-00342407-00342630 yeah the 20-year
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01398-00342631-00342799 difference in those two graphs is
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01399-00342800-00343119 amazing
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01400-00343120-00343671 yes absolutely you're correct
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01401-00343672-00344158 any other questions comments
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01402-00344159-00344727 mr fox come to the microphone please
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01403-00344728-00345127 really interesting i'm really well done
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01404-00345128-00345367 and i have just two things questions for
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01405-00345368-00345567 you
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01406-00345568-00346039 one has to do with oil and you're
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01407-00346040-00346223 fracking crack
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01408-00346224-00346527 that's getting old but and it
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01409-00346528-00346878 affects air quality you the oil
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01410-00346879-00347206 all they talk about is gas and pollution
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01411-00347207-00347230 and
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01412-00347231-00347527 air and i would have called you except i
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01413-00347528-00347695 don't have a
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01414-00347696-00348054 my plastic little
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01415-00348055-00348343 uh and i would buy it buy a new one but
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01416-00348344-00348558 i don't even have a plastic credit card
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01417-00348559-00348775 we won't even have those so i was
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01418-00348776-00348910 wondering about
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01419-00348911-00349319 the problem with is it a factor here
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01420-00349320-00349630 for petrochemicals and it seems like
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01421-00349631-00349782 that's
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01422-00349783-00350167 our age is no longer steel it's plastic
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01423-00350168-00350623 and if that's an effect the other one is
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01424-00350624-00351078 is keynes keynesian economics and
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01425-00351079-00351391 the depression said that in 2020 we
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01426-00351392-00351727 would have too many people for the jobs
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01427-00351728-00352063 and we're that's the homeless people now
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01428-00352064-00352247 the advocates for them are coming up
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01429-00352248-00352543 with maybe we need to cut the hours
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01430-00352544-00352871 like they did they want to see three-day
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01431-00352872-00352903 work
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01432-00352904-00353215 weeks which means that they don't
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01433-00353216-00353375 there's a lot of people are working
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01434-00353376-00353703 three jobs
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01435-00353704-00353903 so if we cut it back you have to raise
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01436-00353904-00354006 it up
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01437-00354007-00354334 with the income disparity
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01438-00354335-00354495 what are we going to do about that you
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01439-00354496-00354654 know will that
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01440-00354655-00354967 force the jobs overseas even more
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01441-00354968-00355254 or robotics or even more thank you two
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01442-00355255-00355406 questions so you got some questions
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01443-00355407-00355454 there
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01444-00355455-00355823 try that future oil with the state
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01445-00355824-00356015 wanting to do away with it i think was
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01446-00356016-00356167 the first one and
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01447-00356168-00356487 and do do we move towards uh
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01448-00356488-00356806 shorter work weeks right
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01449-00356807-00357119 uh well certainly uh the
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01450-00357120-00357358 the a rapid deterioration or
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01451-00357359-00357454 diminishment an
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01452-00357455-00357767 oil and gas sector is a plausible
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01453-00357768-00357871 scenario but
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01454-00357872-00358167 it's not the most probable case that
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01455-00358168-00358319 that's the issue we
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01456-00358320-00358463 we wouldn't want to build something like
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01457-00358464-00358671 that into the baseline forecast
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01458-00358672-00358967 because it's not likely to occur i mean
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01459-00358968-00359134 certainly that is a scenario which could
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01460-00359135-00359303 occur and we could run a scenario like
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01461-00359304-00359391 that
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01462-00359392-00359743 but the best forecast really of tomorrow
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01463-00359744-00359854 is
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01464-00359855-00360087 is really what's happening today and and
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01465-00360088-00360334 extrapolating what's happening today and
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01466-00360335-00360710 and uh to assume anything else would be
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01467-00360711-00361078 presumptuous so no we we really can't
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01468-00361079-00361447 uh uh incorporate a worst case scenario
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01469-00361448-00361503 into the
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01470-00361504-00361863 into the base forecast
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01471-00361864-00362095 the the second question was a shortened
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01472-00362096-00362206 work week
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01473-00362207-00362599 do you see that well you know
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01474-00362600-00362799 everything you said about that is right
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01475-00362800-00362903 uh we thought
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01476-00362904-00363287 we'd be uh replaced a lot more by robots
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01477-00363288-00363406 by now
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01478-00363407-00363703 but it just so happens that uh that
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01479-00363704-00363871 robotic technology has
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01480-00363872-00364127 not progressed like everyone had thought
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01481-00364128-00364206 it would
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01482-00364207-00364487 the robots are still not agile they're
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01483-00364488-00364591 clumsy
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01484-00364592-00364903 they drop stuff you know they don't do
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01485-00364904-00365127 what we had thought that they would do
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01486-00365128-00365351 with the kind of advancement that we
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01487-00365352-00365430 anticipated
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01488-00365431-00365703 20 years ago and look at today even with
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01489-00365704-00365895 all the automation that we have going on
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01490-00365896-00365999 today
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01491-00366000-00366334 we have a major demand for jobs
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01492-00366335-00366471 unemployment rates the lowest it's ever
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01493-00366472-00366647 been in the history of the world right
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01494-00366648-00366710 now
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01495-00366711-00366910 we've got more job openings than ever
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01496-00366911-00367151 before in the history of the world
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01497-00367152-00367391 the the employer's nightmare is
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01498-00367392-00367519 recruiting
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01499-00367520-00367878 so here at 2020 we have a real difficult
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01500-00367879-00368054 time with labor it doesn't look like
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01501-00368055-00368358 the the the the job situation is going
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01502-00368359-00368399 to get
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01503-00368400-00368663 any better anytime soon now in the next
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01504-00368664-00368847 10 or 15 years yes
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01505-00368848-00369151 but you see these population estimates
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01506-00369152-00369367 we're not generating as much population
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01507-00369368-00369534 anymore there's not going to be
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01508-00369535-00369695 a lot of workers that we're going to
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01509-00369696-00369943 need to really think about employing
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01510-00369944-00370087 because we're i think that they're just
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01511-00370088-00370199 going to be growing just
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01512-00370200-00370527 at the rate enough to fill the jobs that
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01513-00370528-00370839 will remain in the economy that normally
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01514-00370840-00370999 has what's happened in the past and
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01515-00371000-00371230 we're likely to see that occur now
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01516-00371231-00371502 so look for population rates to continue
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01517-00371503-00371671 diminishing along these lines that's why
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01518-00371672-00371863 the forecast is so different from 20
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01519-00371864-00372134 from the last time just in 20 years and
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01520-00372135-00372295 i think that you're going to see
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01521-00372296-00372575 the labor markets assimilate the
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01522-00372576-00372727 population
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01523-00372728-00373030 in a reasonable and equitable fashion
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01524-00373031-00373167 over time i don't think that's going to
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01525-00373168-00373327 be catastrophic
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01526-00373328-00373534 unemployment we're going to create a lot
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01527-00373535-00373663 of jobs i mean
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01528-00373664-00373806 robots are going to take over a lot of
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01529-00373807-00373967 jobs but
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01530-00373968-00374127 we need programmers to program the
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01531-00374128-00374334 robots and to maintain them
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01532-00374335-00374463 we're going to be creating all kinds of
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01533-00374464-00374734 new jobs you never saw before
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01534-00374735-00375063 did you talk about uh or
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01535-00375064-00375223 the closing of the prisons from
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01536-00375224-00375399 california into their into your numbers
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01537-00375400-00375527 like they're going to close down
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01538-00375528-00375943 most of the ccfs including our own
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01539-00375944-00376271 here sometime and all the ones in our
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01540-00376272-00376343 county and
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01541-00376344-00376615 another nothing down the state we don't
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01542-00376616-00376847 have outright closure in closures of
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01543-00376848-00377071 prisons but we have a diminishing inmate
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01544-00377072-00377358 population gradually occurring over time
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01545-00377359-00377687 as part of the uh
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01546-00377688-00377927 as part of the the non-household
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01547-00377928-00378006 population
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01548-00378007-00378191 institutionalized population that feeds
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01549-00378192-00378367 into our forecast so
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01550-00378368-00378534 again that would be another scenario in
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01551-00378535-00378734 which we could run
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01552-00378735-00378943 but again it's probably not likely that
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01553-00378944-00379078 we're just going to get certain prison
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01554-00379079-00379223 closures and i wouldn't want to build
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01555-00379224-00379351 that into your base
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01556-00379352-00379654 forecast but we do have a diminishing
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01557-00379655-00380143 incarcerated population certainly
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01558-00380144-00380447 because the changes in the laws and
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01559-00380448-00381071 the quantities so
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01560-00381072-00381327 our farm on the streets is still there
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01561-00381328-00381487 and it's building because
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01562-00381488-00381678 the prison population is division
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01563-00381679-00381887 because they're out on the street
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01564-00381888-00382278 so it may require more jobs
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01565-00382279-00383567 in the end
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01566-00383568-00383887 but if
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01567-00383888-00384063 how are you going to be having to get a
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01568-00384064-00384534 job
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01569-00384535-00385839 and we are one of the victims of ccfs
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01570-00385840-00386306 sorry i think shafter and taft mccfs are
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01571-00386307-00386671 2021 and we're in delano because there's
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01572-00386672-00386847 only three mccfs in the state of
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01573-00386848-00387071 california
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01574-00387072-00387375 that's less jobs affecting families
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01575-00387376-00387695 and vendors you know everybody that
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01576-00387696-00388006 it ripples around well we'll be watching
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01577-00388007-00388087 that
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01578-00388088-00388327 and we'll have time to be able to
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01579-00388328-00388510 probably make adjustments
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01580-00388511-00388927 in the next forecast you know uh
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01581-00388928-00389127 that's in what three to five years
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01582-00389128-00389287 whatever the case may be
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01583-00389288-00389615 because even if that occurs in 2022
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01584-00389616-00389782 it it it's not going to cause an
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01585-00389783-00389919 episodic drop
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01586-00389920-00390102 in the incarcerated population and it'll
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01587-00390103-00390263 probably start very slowly and there'll
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01588-00390264-00390447 be a gradual diminishment but we're
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01589-00390448-00390695 it's a wait-and-see game a lot of it's
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01590-00390696-00390799 politically motivated
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01591-00390800-00391119 right and the politics ticks can change
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01592-00391120-00391334 over time so it's very hard to
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01593-00391335-00391471 incorporate something that's going on
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01594-00391472-00391654 right now that's a political decision
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01595-00391655-00392206 when that can all change in five years
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01596-00392207-00392454 okay thank you very interesting
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01597-00392455-00392975 appreciate it thank you
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01598-00392976-00393215 so no action that was information only
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01599-00393216-00394206 caltrans report
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01600-00394207-00394527 thank you
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01601-00394528-00394839 better thank you
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01602-00394840-00395047 i'd like to first off start by thanking
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01603-00395048-00395199 the board for the um
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01604-00395200-00395478 2.8 million dollars from the c-mac funds
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01605-00395479-00395527 for the
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01606-00395528-00395854 shafter and arvin roundabouts we really
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01607-00395855-00396078 appreciate the partnership
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01608-00396079-00396351 um and also aaron and i have been
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01609-00396352-00396510 talking about support costs on
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01610-00396511-00396687 roundabouts as well standard plan
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01611-00396688-00396799 designs and
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01612-00396800-00396991 also if we can close and build them
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01613-00396992-00397254 that's the most efficient
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01614-00397255-00397582 uh see on on uh
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01615-00397583-00397919 route 204 four union you had some
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01616-00397920-00398134 concern caltrans
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01617-00398135-00398406 is willing to participate uh for the
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01618-00398407-00398551 bike lanes
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01619-00398552-00398782 um we we would like to work in
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01620-00398783-00398958 partnership with the city to take the
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01621-00398959-00399119 if the city could take the lead in
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01622-00399120-00399406 enacting parking restrictions
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01623-00399407-00399758 caltrans could either do a minor job or
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01624-00399759-00400095 perhaps encroachment or co-op
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01625-00400096-00400375 to get some bike lanes out there on 204
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01626-00400376-00400534 and i have it
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01627-00400535-00400687 the plan here if anybody would like to
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01628-00400688-00400878 see it i i was under the
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01629-00400879-00401078 understanding that the city is doing a
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01630-00401079-00401223 complete streets
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01631-00401224-00401543 on this area
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01632-00401544-00401695 i just had seen a presentation last
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01633-00401696-00401919 night but it was a very short
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01634-00401920-00402310 portion of union avenue okay so
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01635-00402311-00402558 you know there's substantial amount of
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01636-00402559-00402654 the corridor
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01637-00402655-00402887 is still left that the city's not doing
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01638-00402888-00402982 anything on
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01639-00402983-00403206 okay so we would be looking at more
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01640-00403207-00403334 increasing it
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01641-00403335-00403582 so laura can i interrupt you and mr
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01642-00403583-00403702 chairman
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01643-00403703-00404030 so is it can the city restrict
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01644-00404031-00404375 parking on a state highway
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01645-00404376-00404951 is that what you said yeah is
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01646-00404952-00405319 yeah that was from john is that uh the
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01647-00405320-00405463 city take the lead in the
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01648-00405464-00405815 enacting the park parking restrictions
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01649-00405816-00406119 and that um we we could
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01650-00406120-00406367 we could uh put a minor and then we
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01651-00406368-00406551 would uh maintain the striping and the
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01652-00406552-00406639 signs
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01653-00406640-00406982 yeah i i i'll be glad to to set up a
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01654-00406983-00407182 meeting with city bakersfield us and and
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01655-00407183-00407310 caltrans because
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01656-00407311-00407487 we're we're very interested in in
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01657-00407488-00407710 improving union avenue and we did not
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01658-00407711-00407887 realize that the city
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01659-00407888-00408182 had the option to change parking on a
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01660-00408183-00408263 state highway
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01661-00408264-00408599 absolutely anything again the the
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01662-00408600-00408710 fatalities
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01663-00408711-00409054 and the injuries are way above any
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01664-00409055-00409334 three times as high i've done now right
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01665-00409335-00409551 any other street in bakersfield and
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01666-00409552-00409759 you know whatever we can do to make that
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01667-00409760-00410014 safer okay i will i have an action item
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01668-00410015-00410255 i'm adding to set up a meeting with
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01669-00410256-00410566 caltrans in the city and with aaron
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01670-00410567-00410759 and we can discuss it further because we
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01671-00410760-00411014 are very interested thank you
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01672-00411015-00411478 uh let's see um the draft 20
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01673-00411479-00411751 the draft 2020 shop is out for comments
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01674-00411752-00411855 and due in may
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01675-00411856-00412278 we had an extension uh due to
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01676-00412279-00412543 changes in in our own internal changes
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01677-00412543-00412774 so instead of march it's due in may
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01678-00412775-00412999 but in an effort to be better partners
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01679-00413000-00413303 in the future and work collaboratively
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01680-00413304-00413534 michael navarro will be reaching out to
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01681-00413535-00413710 the cogs and setting up
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01682-00413712-00414047 meetings in march to go over the 2021
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01683-00414047-00414134 shop plan
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01684-00414135-00414326 and we hope to do that in the future so
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01685-00414327-00414887 that we can work more in tandem together
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01686-00414888-00415318 then on highway 99 approximately panama
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01687-00415319-00415543 to beersley canal
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01688-00415543-00415703 there was question on the landscape
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01689-00415704-00415951 there we do have a project coming up but
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01690-00415952-00416103 that's going to wait until the majority
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01691-00416104-00416239 of the construction is done
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01692-00416239-00416599 so we don't plus i don't even think they
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01693-00416600-00416743 could get in there right now but
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01694-00416743-00417103 so that is on the forecast to be done
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01695-00417104-00417318 and then we are almost complete with a
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01696-00417319-00417487 settlement agreement and corrective
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01697-00417488-00417678 action plan for the city of arvind i
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01698-00417679-00417807 reviewed it with aaron
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01699-00417808-00417934 and that should be coming we had a
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01700-00417935-00418159 couple of
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01701-00418160-00418526 typos that needed to be fixed
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01702-00418527-00418910 on route 46 uh
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01703-00418912-00419151 the conventional highway 4a segment out
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01704-00419152-00419239 there up
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01705-00419239-00419551 near i-5 um
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01706-00419552-00419847 the contractor there as you know is
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01707-00419847-00420079 working on several jobs in the area
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01708-00420080-00420239 and they have a tendency to move from
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01709-00420239-00420414 job to job
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01710-00420415-00420622 that is still scheduled for completion
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01711-00420623-00420727 in june
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01712-00420728-00421063 30th 2020 and um
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01713-00421064-00421359 we have a 55-hour closure at the end of
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01714-00421360-00421622 february scheduled for kern
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01715-00421623-00421966 nor a five northbound offramp
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01716-00421967-00422391 to get some major work done
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01717-00422392-00422814 the xeroq 280 the 99 rehab
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01718-00422815-00423031 we expect to open olive avenue in
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01719-00423032-00423135 mid-march
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01720-00423135-00423439 so that hopefully will help
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01721-00423439-00423831 um bell terrace is moving along that's
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01722-00423832-00424143 uh right there at the 58-99
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01723-00424143-00424366 interchange with the walls they're
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01724-00424367-00424463 putting in
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01725-00424464-00424631 they're actually ahead of schedule on
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01726-00424632-00424783 there that one with
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01727-00424784-00425039 uh 53 of the time complete but we've got
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01728-00425039-00425351 63 percent of the work done
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01729-00425352-00425759 uh let's see what else do i have
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01730-00425760-00426079 uh cottonwood uh uh gap
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01731-00426080-00426543 closure rehab at 99 and 58 uh
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01732-00426543-00426743 we estimate opening the westbound
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01733-00426743-00427039 cottonwood on-ramp and union off-ramp
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01734-00427039-00427407 in april so that was
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01735-00427408-00427791 well anticipated and last on my list
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01736-00427792-00428079 i have we actually at the union off-ramp
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01737-00428080-00428231 at westbound 178
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01738-00428232-00428535 they hit a sewer line yesterday
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01739-00428535-00428863 so it is closed uh we're working uh
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01740-00428864-00429039 closely with the city of bakersfield to
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01741-00429039-00429135 get that repaired
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01742-00429135-00429295 and we are going to put flaggers out
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01743-00429296-00429470 there we're going to try to get it low
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01744-00429471-00429566 flow tomorrow
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01745-00429567-00429751 that repair and we're going to put
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01746-00429752-00429935 flaggers out there for the safety of the
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01747-00429935-00430255 public while we do that work
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01748-00430256-00430607 and where was that again that's uh
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01749-00430608-00430935 178 and union so the union
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01750-00430935-00431599 off-ramp at 178 westbound 170.
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01751-00431600-00431799 yeah they're putting in they're
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01752-00431800-00432055 installing some rock blankets
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01753-00432056-00432231 so yeah so it wasn't anticipated it
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01754-00432232-00432439 wasn't shown on the plan so we had it
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01755-00432439-00432607 because that dives off there i guess it
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01756-00432608-00432918 was pretty shallow so
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01757-00432919-00433087 and that's all i have for today is
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01758-00433088-00433247 anybody have any questions for me or
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01759-00433247-00433343 anything they'd like
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01760-00433343-00433879 i do have some action items i have
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01761-00433880-00434143 to you want to confirm if there was a
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01762-00434143-00434287 signalized or roundabout
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01763-00434288-00434655 at 155 in lexington um
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01764-00434656-00434863 city of bakersfield union avenue three
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01765-00434864-00435039 times oh uh
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01766-00435039-00435327 we're going to set up a meeting for that
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01767-00435328-00435479 and i need to send the roundabout
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01768-00435480-00435647 presentation to aaron because it says
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01769-00435647-00435927 it's too big to take so that's my action
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01770-00435928-00436110 items unless anybody has anything else
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01771-00436112-00436175 for me
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01772-00436176-00436399 i'm sorry did you say because you set
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01773-00436400-00436518 the lights in
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01774-00436519-00436759 150 you wanted to verify if it was
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01775-00436760-00436903 signalized or roundabout
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01776-00436904-00437183 yes yes and it is signal-like no no no i
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01777-00437184-00437270 need to verify
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01778-00437271-00437487 oh that's that's my action item is to
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01779-00437488-00437622 verify to you
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01780-00437623-00437783 what it is okay because when you went
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01781-00437784-00437943 into that bakersfield description i go
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01782-00437943-00438095 wait a minute what happened to us
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01783-00438096-00438518 i'm sorry that's okay thank you
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01784-00438519-00438879 miss park that
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01785-00438880-00439239 that area union is an area
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01786-00439239-00439487 world where a lot of the fatalities are
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01787-00439488-00439631 is an area where
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01788-00439632-00439879 the get buses are we have some routes
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01789-00439880-00440014 that go through there
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01790-00440015-00440447 so whatever caltrans and the city
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01791-00440447-00440631 when they meet it's going to affect what
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01792-00440632-00440791 our routes are going to be so i would
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01793-00440792-00441022 like to make sure that
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01794-00441023-00441183 we coordinate with you as well donate
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01795-00441184-00441343 with get um
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01796-00441343-00441622 and i mean and a lot of it well not a
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01797-00441623-00441807 lot but sometimes it's
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01798-00441808-00442110 our passengers getting off the bus and
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01799-00442112-00442303 wanting to you know cross right there
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01800-00442304-00442487 where the bus stop is
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01801-00442488-00442791 so i think having get be a
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01802-00442792-00443047 part of the partnership i think makes
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01803-00443047-00443207 sense
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01804-00443208-00443614 thank you noted connect can i add a
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01805-00443615-00443751 little bit to that
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01806-00443752-00444103 mr chairman so in the presentation that
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01807-00444104-00444383 i saw and and you saw yesterday there
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01808-00444384-00444559 was a discussion about
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01809-00444560-00444959 um impaired
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01810-00444960-00445287 driving and i believe there's also
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01811-00445288-00445439 people driving vehicles that are
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01812-00445439-00445655 impaired i believe there's also an issue
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01813-00445656-00445791 on union of
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01814-00445792-00445999 impaired pedestrians and impaired
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01815-00446000-00446095 bicyclists
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01816-00446096-00446391 but what i've been able to gather so far
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01817-00446392-00446431 uh
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01818-00446432-00446695 has been that there is a lack of records
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01819-00446696-00446751 on that if
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01820-00446752-00447191 laura if you can look into that um
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01821-00447192-00447695 whether how many the accidents are being
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01822-00447696-00447951 caused or likely caused has to do with
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01823-00447952-00448214 impairment of the pedestrian and the uh
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01824-00448215-00448463 and or bicyclists too not just the the
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01825-00448464-00448566 drivers
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01826-00448567-00449079 thank you
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01827-00449080-00449359 okay i have since you're taking requests
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01828-00449360-00449631 i have one
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01829-00449632-00449879 that's been a problem for a long time
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01830-00449880-00450014 but getting close
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01831-00450015-00450303 24 streets getting ready to be finished
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01832-00450304-00450455 construction wise
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01833-00450456-00450743 and and we completed rosedale highway
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01834-00450743-00450887 improvement some time ago
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01835-00450888-00451110 and when we did rosedale highway we
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01836-00451112-00451207 added
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01837-00451208-00451359 not officially a bike lane but we have a
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01838-00451360-00451527 six foot stripe
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01839-00451528-00451679 for the part that was in the city and
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01840-00451680-00452047 the county and the part that is
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01841-00452047-00452270 still under caltrans i believe it starts
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01842-00452271-00452351 at
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01843-00452352-00452663 mohawk and goes east
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01844-00452664-00452966 there's no striping and then
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01845-00452967-00453103 obviously when you get to the
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01846-00453104-00453351 interchange there's no direction for
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01847-00453352-00453527 cars or bicycles
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01848-00453528-00453918 and if caltrans could do a project where
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01849-00453919-00454055 you know i don't i don't know if we need
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01850-00454056-00454247 sheriffs we need green striping in
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01851-00454247-00454879 places so that bicyclists are guided
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01852-00454880-00455239 okay so mohawk that is the main corridor
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01853-00455239-00455599 to downtown right so mohawk uh
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01854-00455600-00455887 24th mo mohawk to the east there's no
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01855-00455888-00455975 striping
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01856-00455976-00456222 it doesn't continue correct and then at
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01857-00456223-00456359 the intersection
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01858-00456360-00456703 or interchange interchange at 99
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01859-00456704-00457055 and 58 yeah i think
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01860-00457056-00457303 all the way to oak street right all the
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01861-00457304-00457383 way to
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01862-00457384-00457566 across the bridge to oak is then where
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01863-00457567-00457759 the city begins
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01864-00457760-00458063 uh there's there's a bike lane on
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01865-00458064-00458255 oak and there's also ties to the bike
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01866-00458256-00458383 path but
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01867-00458384-00458599 you're kind of in no man's land from
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01868-00458600-00458718 mohawk
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01869-00458719-00458983 to oak street yeah that's a pretty busy
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01870-00458984-00459079 interchange too
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01871-00459080-00459422 right so it would help
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01872-00459423-00459614 i will add that to the topic when we're
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01873-00459615-00459895 talking about 204 then
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01874-00459896-00460183 thank you thank you i have i want to
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01875-00460184-00460366 confirm something now
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01876-00460367-00460710 you said that cities have the authority
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01877-00460712-00461022 to restrict parking along
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01878-00461023-00461270 the because we have that 155 which
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01879-00461271-00461479 people think it's our road
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01880-00461480-00461727 but we can literally restrict it even
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01881-00461728-00461783 though
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01882-00461784-00462087 it's caltrans it's a highway i i'm
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01883-00462088-00462199 writing it down to check
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01884-00462200-00462495 into what he had said is on if we do
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01885-00462496-00462687 this bike striping that the
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01886-00462688-00462910 on union at the city take the lead in
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01887-00462912-00463063 the parking restrictions
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01888-00463064-00463351 but i will ask the general question does
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01889-00463352-00463479 the city
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01890-00463480-00463814 can can a city any city right
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01891-00463815-00464207 right restrict
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01892-00464208-00464447 parking parking yeah because all of our
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01893-00464447-00464718 cities except cal city have have a
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01894-00464719-00464879 state highway running through them at
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01895-00464880-00465199 least one state highway yeah
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01896-00465200-00465566 i mean even a safety thing we have to
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01897-00465567-00465870 beg and ask and ask before it can be
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01898-00465871-00465918 fixed
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01899-00465919-00466303 i can't believe that we can restrict
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01900-00466304-00466518 well i will definitely ask the question
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01901-00466519-00466870 and get it back to aaron to share
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01902-00466871-00467079 i want a commitment in writing then
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01903-00467080-00467207 counseling maybe if you tell him you're
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01904-00467208-00467375 putting a bike lane in
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01905-00467376-00467527 she already has her bucket of red paint
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01906-00467528-00467814 ready to go
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01907-00467815-00468151 i'll get them get those signs up fast
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01908-00468152-00468495 thank you thank you in district nine
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01909-00468496-00469063 no
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01910-00469064-00469575 come to the microphone please
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01911-00469576-00469751 i thought i was getting off the hot seat
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01912-00469752-00469935 oh no no no uh
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01913-00469935-00470183 it's not that bad a few months ago i had
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01914-00470184-00470391 asked a request on a timeline
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01915-00470392-00470679 to help me uh with the protective left
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01916-00470680-00470775 turn
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01917-00470776-00471014 in wasco the griffith street and highway
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01918-00471015-00471135 46
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01919-00471135-00471575 and 46 and palm avenue
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01920-00471576-00471879 46 and palm haven't they had meetings
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01921-00471880-00471959 out there
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01922-00471960-00472214 i haven't heard of anything it they may
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01923-00472215-00472270 may not
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01924-00472271-00472599 i do not know and additionally
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01925-00472600-00472822 uh the new so it was 46 in palm and
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01926-00472823-00473283 where was the and 46 in
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01927-00473284-00473527 griffith
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01928-00473528-00473759 and this is the crosswalks uh this is
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01929-00473760-00473839 protective
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01930-00473839-00474743 left turns right now it's unprotected
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01931-00474743-00475127 and uh representative garcia um
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01932-00475128-00475343 what was the other one is it popular in
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01933-00475343-00476083 46 for a stoplight
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01934-00476084-00476359 okay
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01935-00476360-00476575 a new school to the north um we have a
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01936-00476576-00476791 lot of um students
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01937-00476792-00477070 walkers pedestrian traffic um that are
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01938-00477071-00477110 just
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01939-00477112-00477279 kind of jetting across the highway and
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01940-00477280-00477503 you guys are yeah there's a sports
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01941-00477504-00477735 sports center there too um yeah the
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01942-00477735-00477895 world the middle school is yeah
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01943-00477896-00478175 right right in line with that with that
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01944-00478176-00478327 intersection and that's um
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01945-00478328-00478518 usually pretty busy as well especially
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01946-00478519-00478647 after school as well yeah
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01947-00478647-00478935 and then going home as well mayor garcia
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01948-00478935-00479007 i've been talking
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01949-00479008-00479231 with your city manager and caltrans
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01950-00479232-00479335 maintenance
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01951-00479335-00479631 um they they are on it they they are
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01952-00479632-00479751 doing a study and
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01953-00479752-00480079 they both initially believe that a hawk
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01954-00480080-00480391 is justified in and i can forward you
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01955-00480392-00480431 the
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01956-00480432-00480679 the emails back and forth they're
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01957-00480680-00480766 getting closer
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01958-00480767-00481062 uh so but they they absolutely won't
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01959-00481063-00481247 don't want to go in there
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01960-00481247-00481575 without consulting with the city
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01961-00481576-00481831 and the school district and i i believe
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01962-00481832-00482022 what we're waiting for now is
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01963-00482023-00482191 we want to see each school has to
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01964-00482192-00482366 prepare what's called a safe routes to
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01965-00482367-00482503 school plan
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01966-00482504-00482710 we don't want to put something in that
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01967-00482712-00482862 is going to
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01968-00482863-00483135 conflict with where the school wants
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01969-00483135-00483183 these
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01970-00483184-00483383 students to cross due diligence make
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01971-00483384-00483510 sense
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01972-00483512-00483695 so yeah they have had several meetings
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01973-00483696-00483831 out there okay
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01974-00483832-00484159 um do you have any word on the i know
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01975-00484160-00484231 there was
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01976-00484232-00484351 there's going to be a closure because
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01977-00484352-00484622 the high speed rail at pozo
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01978-00484623-00485014 the crossing on pozo just east of
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01979-00485015-00485383 43 or j and that's gonna cause a
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01980-00485384-00485479 diversion to
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01981-00485480-00485883 down down j street or 43.
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01982-00485884-00486175 um
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01983-00486176-00486375 what we're asking for is a temporary
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01984-00486376-00486495 stop there
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01985-00486496-00486727 um i believe their initial reaction from
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01986-00486728-00486966 caltrans was that it's not warranted
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01987-00486967-00487270 um but we we feel differently um i just
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01988-00487271-00487399 wanted to re-emphasize that
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01989-00487400-00487727 and i would like maybe if um caltrans
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01990-00487728-00487975 maybe take a second look at that um
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01991-00487976-00488055 because we
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01992-00488056-00488183 i mean that's going to be a temporary
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01993-00488184-00488318 closure and that's all we're asking for
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01994-00488319-00488462 is a temporary stop
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01995-00488463-00488647 but it is going to be through september
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01996-00488647-00488783 that's that's
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01997-00488784-00489151 it's going to be a lot of traffic
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01998-00489152-00489303 i will take that back i know we were
+4Odp1LnZvjA-01999-00489304-00489910 looking at that just the other day
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02000-00489912-00490551 thank you anybody else
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02001-00490552-00490814 thank you very much very helpful
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02002-00490815-00490959 executive director's report
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02003-00490960-00491118 good evening mr chairman and board
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02004-00491119-00491335 members i have about a half dozen items
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02005-00491335-00491383 i'll be
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02006-00491384-00491670 quick january 29th and 30th i attended
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02007-00491671-00491887 the ctc meeting
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02008-00491888-00492055 main highlights are there's a new
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02009-00492056-00492199 executive director
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02010-00492200-00492375 his name is mitch weiss he replaced
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02011-00492376-00492551 susan branson at the
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02012-00492552-00492831 california transportation commission and
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02013-00492832-00492959 the
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02014-00492960-00493199 commissioner that has informally
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02015-00493200-00493303 represented the
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02016-00493304-00493518 valley who has visited with us in the
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02017-00493519-00493751 past paul van kuninberg
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02018-00493752-00494055 his term expired february 1st and he has
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02019-00494056-00494366 not been reappointed yet i've written a
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02020-00494367-00494399 letter
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02021-00494400-00494743 of support as well as many
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02022-00494743-00494983 in the central valley urging his his
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02023-00494984-00495118 reappointment he has been
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02024-00495119-00495318 good for the central valley so if
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02025-00495319-00495614 there's anything you can do
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02026-00495615-00495783 to encourage the governor or the
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02027-00495784-00496031 governor's uh office to reimpo
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02028-00496032-00496335 reappoint uh mr van kindenberg it would
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02029-00496335-00496518 be appreciated
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02030-00496519-00497007 on february 6 stip hearing was held in
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02031-00497008-00497214 irvine we had a staff member there mr
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02032-00497215-00497359 stermoglia
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02033-00497360-00497735 um if you remember this we had a
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02034-00497735-00497959 disagreement with the newsome
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02035-00497960-00498079 administration over
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02036-00498080-00498503 taking funds away from 99 and 46.
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02037-00498504-00498855 the funds were fully restored to 99 and
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02038-00498856-00499127 almost all of it restored to 46. thank
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02039-00499128-00499335 you for your help with that
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02040-00499335-00499614 on march 25th and 26th the ctc will be
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02041-00499615-00499783 meeting in santa barbara
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02042-00499784-00500159 we will have staff there two
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02043-00500160-00500343 very important projects bike path
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02044-00500343-00500543 extension to down to buena vista
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02045-00500543-00500695 and the bike sharing project for
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02046-00500696-00500862 bakersfield will be on
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02047-00500863-00501262 the ctc agenda wednesday of this week
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02048-00501263-00501583 in fact yesterday mr snotty and
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02049-00501584-00501951 ms banuelos went out to cal city
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02050-00501952-00502151 and assisted cal city with getting
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02051-00502152-00502279 caught up on their tda
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02052-00502280-00502495 claims and i know especially for some of
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02053-00502496-00502655 the smaller cities with
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02054-00502656-00503031 with higher turnover catching up on your
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02055-00503032-00503183 uh tda claims
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02056-00503184-00503447 uh can can make a big difference in
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02057-00503447-00503599 terms of cash flow and
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02058-00503600-00503814 we will be glad to assist anyone else
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02059-00503815-00504110 that needs that that's help
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02060-00504112-00504351 at the february get board meeting i want
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02061-00504352-00504559 to congratulate and bring your attention
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02062-00504560-00504679 to
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02063-00504680-00505031 gets plans to purchase 22 renewable
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02064-00505032-00505366 compressed natural gas buses
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02065-00505367-00505639 five renewable compressed national gas
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02066-00505639-00505751 buses
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02067-00505752-00505983 for their ride service that's the
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02068-00505984-00506175 on-demand service
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02069-00506176-00506495 and i think first ever in kern county
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02070-00506496-00506807 five hydrogen fuel cell buses
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02071-00506808-00507175 for fixed routes on top of that i wanted
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02072-00507176-00507399 to remind everyone that current transit
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02073-00507400-00507807 received last year an electric bus
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02074-00507808-00508039 from antelope valley transit they plan
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02075-00508039-00508214 on putting that into service
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02076-00508215-00508575 in eastern kern county shortly
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02077-00508576-00508759 that's all i have on this agenda subject
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02078-00508760-00509055 to any of your questions mr chairman
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02079-00509056-00509383 thank you any questions
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02080-00509384-00509775 okay we're gonna adjourn that meeting
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02081-00509776-00509831 and
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02082-00509832-00510127 opening up the kern council government's
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02083-00510128-00510255 meeting
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02084-00510256-00510583 roll call
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02085-00510584-00511079 we're just minus couch okay
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02086-00511080-00511510 thank you
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02087-00511512-00511966 public comments again uh
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02088-00511967-00512518 same information any public comments
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02089-00512519-00512839 scene and consent agenda
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02090-00512839-00513214 opportunity for public comment
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02091-00513215-00513495 seeing none we we have a staff comment
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02092-00513496-00513647 on the consent agenda
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02093-00513647-00513870 good evening mr chairman we have a
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02094-00513871-00513975 slight
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02095-00513976-00514118 we have a slight revision to the
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02096-00514119-00514327 recommended action for
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02097-00514328-00514647 uh consent agenda item f uh we're
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02098-00514647-00514766 requesting
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02099-00514767-00515070 that this item be authorized uh subject
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02100-00515071-00515279 to some minor revisions
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02101-00515280-00515495 and subject to final approval as the
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02102-00515496-00516022 forum by county council
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02103-00516023-00516495 thank you
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02104-00516496-00516687 does any member wish to pull anything
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02105-00516688-00516943 off consent agenda
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02106-00516943-00517391 see none can i have a motion
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02107-00517392-00517999 with staff's changes
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02108-00518000-00518383 roll call vote
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02109-00518384-00518799 yes hi
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02110-00518800-00519127 hi alvarado yes
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02111-00519128-00519527 maurer hi p smith yes
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02112-00519528-00519847 garcia i am b smith
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02113-00519847-00520287 yes thank you
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02114-00520288-00520614 executive directors report good evening
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02115-00520615-00520855 again mr chairman and board members
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02116-00520856-00521151 as a reminder the 2019 current cog
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02117-00521152-00521351 regional awards ceremony
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02118-00521352-00521559 will be held march 5th which is only a
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02119-00521560-00521670 couple weeks away
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02120-00521671-00521951 at seven oaks you can still um get
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02121-00521952-00522199 tickets please call me or veronica
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02122-00522200-00522462 mart again march 5th 7 oaks in
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02123-00522463-00522639 bakersfield
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02124-00522639-00522951 march 10th and 11th is the valley voice
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02125-00522952-00522999 trip
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02126-00523000-00523327 to sacramento supervisor scrivener
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02127-00523328-00523607 and council member prout and i will be
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02128-00523608-00523807 attending that
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02129-00523808-00524135 april 5th to 7th calcog
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02130-00524135-00524351 is holding a regional leadership forum
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02131-00524352-00524462 in riverside
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02132-00524463-00524647 if you're interested in attending that
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02133-00524648-00524831 please let me know what's the dates on
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02134-00524832-00524999 that again
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02135-00525000-00525487 april 5th through 7th
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02136-00525488-00525766 may 13th to 15th is the annual san
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02137-00525767-00525855 joaquin
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02138-00525856-00526111 valley policy conference in bass lake
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02139-00526112-00526279 again please let me know if any of you
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02140-00526280-00526527 would like to attend that one
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02141-00526528-00526879 uh again i'll remind you your form 700s
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02142-00526880-00526975 are due
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02143-00526976-00527255 april 1st you can use the exact same
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02144-00527256-00527414 form that you turn into your city
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02145-00527415-00527543 there's a separate line
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02146-00527544-00527895 for additional duties just
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02147-00527896-00528079 below the heading where you say you also
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02148-00528080-00528279 serve as a kerncock board member
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02149-00528280-00528503 and just put a fresh signature on it and
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02150-00528504-00528711 that will work for us
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02151-00528712-00529062 in your folders this evening is a flyer
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02152-00529063-00529470 for transitions uh workshop being hosted
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02153-00529471-00529639 by kern cog
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02154-00529640-00530087 thursday february 27th at hodels
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02155-00530088-00530479 an article on um a change
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02156-00530480-00530831 that has been almost 20 years in coming
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02157-00530832-00530966 to
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02158-00530967-00531270 allow people to purchase tickets
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02159-00531271-00531670 on amtrak even if it does not
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02160-00531671-00532007 contain a
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02161-00532008-00532231 a train trip this this will mostly
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02162-00532232-00532391 affect bakersfield and
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02163-00532392-00532575 and wasco you used to have to buy
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02164-00532576-00532735 tickets from moscow
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02165-00532736-00533062 depending on where you were going uh you
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02166-00533063-00533295 no longer have to have to do that within
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02167-00533296-00533479 the next year
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02168-00533480-00533711 schedule it says i'm sorry it says to
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02169-00533712-00533839 santa barbara and victorville
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02170-00533840-00534214 about if you're going to l.a so uh
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02171-00534215-00534422 the organization that is running uh the
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02172-00534423-00534631 amtrak in the central valley is rolling
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02173-00534632-00534743 it out
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02174-00534744-00535007 um route by route those are the first
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02175-00535008-00535135 first two routes they are
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02176-00535136-00535383 implementing those are obviously lower
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02177-00535384-00535614 volume routes than bakersfield
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02178-00535615-00535879 2la they want to get it right first on
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02179-00535880-00536111 the lower volume routes
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02180-00536112-00536327 they've assured me that all of their
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02181-00536328-00536487 routes and there's
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02182-00536488-00536775 i think well over a dozen uh will be
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02183-00536776-00536983 implemented within the year
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02184-00536984-00537199 so if you want to go to la you still
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02185-00537200-00537287 have to buy
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02186-00537288-00537631 either from moscow or to orange county
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02187-00537632-00537983 until this is fully implemented
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02188-00537984-00538222 schedule of uh cash disbursements for
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02189-00538223-00538422 january
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02190-00538423-00538822 timeline covering february through may
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02191-00538823-00539118 uh current council of governments news
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02192-00539119-00539383 and events
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02193-00539384-00539799 and um just i think it was last week or
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02194-00539800-00540095 within the last two weeks um air
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02195-00540096-00540231 resources board met
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02196-00540232-00540518 in shafter believe it or not and there's
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02197-00540519-00540622 an article on
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02198-00540623-00540903 on the actions that they took meeting in
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02199-00540904-00541039 shafter
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02200-00541040-00541214 subject to any of your questions mr
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02201-00541215-00541335 chairman and board members that
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02202-00541336-00541583 concludes my report
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02203-00541584-00542047 thank you any member statements
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02204-00542048-00542359 we do have a birthday in the house happy
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02205-00542360-00542439 birthday miss
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02206-00542440-00542814 parra thanks for coming
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02207-00542815-00542991 uh spending your birthday with us right
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02208-00542992-00543270 now
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02209-00543271-00543433 come on
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02210-00543434-00545516 [Music]
+4Odp1LnZvjA-02212-00548832-00549040 you
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00000-00000343-00000695 welcome everyone to our punk panda
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00001-00000696-00000983 showcase we have a lot of excitement
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00002-00000984-00001183 going on ladies and gentlemen get ready
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00003-00001184-00001407 to see what many has predicted to be the
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00004-00001408-00001671 most exciting project listing talking
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00005-00001672-00001871 list in a 2022
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00006-00001872-00002118 punk panda right now i have the honor i
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00007-00002119-00002334 have the privilege to actually introduce
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00008-00002335-00002479 some of the people that are actually
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00009-00002480-00002702 coming on we have our leaders in this
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00010-00002703-00002823 corporation we're going to show you
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00011-00002824-00003023 behind the veil of what's been happening
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00012-00003024-00003254 behind the scenes getting all this stuff
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00013-00003255-00003486 together preparing for this listing and
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00014-00003488-00003735 right now i just want to just
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00015-00003736-00003895 take the opportunity
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00016-00003896-00004111 to just give you a little oh yeah by the
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00017-00004112-00004486 way i'm tw dawson the cco of punk panda
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00018-00004487-00004647 i'm excited to be able to work with the
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00019-00004648-00004895 leaders that we have so many men that
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00020-00004896-00005191 have put this together speaking of such
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00021-00005192-00005479 people like marcus sherbert our lead
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00022-00005480-00005695 advisor
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00023-00005696-00005975 and albert murray ceo but what i want to
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00024-00005976-00006175 do right now is get right into it and i
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00025-00006176-00006383 want to play a short video for you guys
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00026-00006384-00006567 as you guys come in and let us know
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00027-00006568-00006742 where you're coming in from i see people
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00028-00006743-00006919 from all over the world we thank you
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00029-00006920-00007103 guys for joining us tonight and can we
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00030-00007104-00007270 just put that video on and we'll get
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00031-00007272-00007951 right into it
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00032-00007952-00008295 you love sport
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00033-00008296-00008551 you can't stop thinking about it you
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00034-00008552-00008863 know all the players and you love
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00035-00008864-00009231 earning crypto introducing panda 11 the
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00036-00009232-00009567 world's first crypto fantasy sports app
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00037-00009568-00009791 taking fantasy sports to a whole new
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00038-00009792-00010023 level combining the exciting worlds of
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00039-00010024-00010327 crypto and fantasy sports to play just
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00040-00010328-00010606 sign up for free step one pick your
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00041-00010607-00010751 sport
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00042-00010752-00010974 step two create your fantasy team
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00043-00010975-00011238 without going over the salary cap
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00044-00011239-00011551 step three feel the panda pump
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00045-00011552-00011791 as your fantasy team scores points live
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00046-00011792-00012078 to win big with crypto win a share of
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00047-00012079-00012310 the prize pool with new contests to join
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00048-00012311-00012583 every day with panda 11 the world's
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00049-00012584-00012846 first crypto fantasy sports app with no
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00050-00012847-00013038 local restrictions you can participate
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00051-00013039-00013286 in matches across multiple sports from
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00052-00013287-00013599 all over the world you love sport you
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00053-00013600-00013863 know all the players so get started now
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00054-00013863-00014135 with panda 11 turn your fantasy into
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00055-00014136-00014519 reality win more keep more with panda 11
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00056-00014519-00014775 the world's first crypto fantasy sports
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00057-00014776-00015030 app download it now from the apple store
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00058-00015031-00015735 or panda 11 dot io website for android
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00059-00015736-00016022 [Music]
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00060-00016023-00016311 you love sport
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00061-00016312-00016511 all right all right all right
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00062-00016512-00016750 all right ladies and gentlemen
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00063-00016751-00016894 we have
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00064-00016895-00017119 our punk panda founders
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00065-00017120-00017319 the ceo albert muir which is a great
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00066-00017320-00017511 friend of mine i'll talk about him in
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00067-00017512-00017655 just a second but i want to talk about
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00068-00017656-00017894 our president mark schubert listen this
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00069-00017895-00018055 gentleman has been in the business world
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00070-00018056-00018247 for so long he has done so many big
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00071-00018248-00018439 projects like this he is not a stranger
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00072-00018440-00018655 to projects that have blown up
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00073-00018656-00018814 this man right here is one of the best
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00074-00018815-00019055 leaders in our he's our lead advisor and
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00075-00019056-00019247 our president and i want to talk about
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00076-00019248-00019486 our ceo right now as i introduce him
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00077-00019487-00019719 albert murray good friend of mines not
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00078-00019720-00019894 just a friend but he's the guy that you
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00079-00019895-00020143 want in the bunker with you when things
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00080-00020144-00020343 get real there's not a better person to
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00081-00020344-00020550 navigate through this time through this
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00082-00020551-00020775 market his wisdom his knowledge his
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00083-00020776-00021055 insight for business and his network is
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00084-00021056-00021311 worldwide we are so fortunate to be able
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00085-00021312-00021519 to have a leader like him and albert i
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00086-00021520-00021678 just want you to just come on and just
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00087-00021679-00021886 bless everyone with your knowledge and
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00088-00021887-00022071 let's get into the showcase thank you
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00089-00022072-00022255 guys
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00090-00022256-00022399 thank you two for that wonderful
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00091-00022400-00022647 introduction ladies and gentlemen
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00092-00022648-00022886 it was about 13 months ago when my good
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00093-00022887-00023007 friend marcus
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00094-00023008-00023311 sent me a picture of six bears and he
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00095-00023312-00023575 started talking about this beta app
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00096-00023576-00023750 and this beta app that was secure
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00097-00023751-00023983 messaging and he goes hey do you have
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00098-00023984-00024199 any ideas for marketing
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00099-00024200-00024319 uh marcus if you could bring up the
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00100-00024320-00024486 slide please
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00101-00024487-00024663 and so i'm looking at this and i'm going
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00102-00024664-00024822 you know what
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00103-00024823-00024950 you're going to need millions and
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00104-00024951-00025158 millions of capital to be able to get
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00105-00025159-00025335 people's attention
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00106-00025336-00025639 and it was basically the same phone call
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00107-00025639-00025799 two or three more times where basically
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00108-00025800-00025927 at the end of that i was going god you
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00109-00025927-00026055 guys are going to just have to have a
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00110-00026056-00026190 lot of capital if you don't have the
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00111-00026191-00026335 capital i don't know what you're going
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00112-00026336-00026455 to be able to do
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00113-00026456-00026614 well then marcus finally tells me you
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00114-00026616-00026711 know what
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00115-00026712-00026862 we've decided we're just going to take
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00116-00026863-00027023 this punk panda thing and just put it on
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00117-00027024-00027231 the back shelf and move forward with a
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00118-00027232-00027374 different project
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00119-00027375-00027590 and then about a day later just as luck
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00120-00027591-00027807 would have it i lost a few thousand
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00121-00027808-00027999 dollars on a crypto project and i
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00122-00028000-00028102 thought
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00123-00028104-00028407 wow that crypto project was fantastic
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00124-00028408-00028639 if i was able to take some of the ideas
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00125-00028639-00028846 from there let me share those with
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00126-00028847-00029007 marcus and see if we can apply it to
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00127-00029008-00029199 punk panda we might have something
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00128-00029200-00029318 special
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00129-00029319-00029590 ladies and gentlemen it was exactly one
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00130-00029591-00029967 year ago it was the 27th of july
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00131-00029968-00030151 when we spent the weekend
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00132-00030152-00030318 going over on what we started with
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00133-00030319-00030470 tokenomics
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00134-00030472-00030639 and at the end of about a four or five
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00135-00030639-00030735 days
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00136-00030736-00030902 bouncing it back and forth on each other
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00137-00030903-00031095 we were getting more and more excited we
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00138-00031095-00031318 had about seven excel spreadsheets they
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00139-00031319-00031590 were going 500 columns wide 200 rows
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00140-00031591-00031790 deep and then i'm starting to run around
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00141-00031791-00031902 telling everybody this is going to be
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00142-00031903-00032087 the world's biggest thing everybody's
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00143-00032088-00032327 going slow down slow down don't talk so
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00144-00032327-00032527 fast slow down
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00145-00032527-00032718 and i said but you don't understand this
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00146-00032719-00032846 is going to take the whole world by
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00147-00032847-00033039 storm we're doing something here nobody
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00148-00033040-00033262 else has ever done and then it was just
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00149-00033263-00033543 a few days later that marcus coined the
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00150-00033544-00033687 phrase
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00151-00033688-00034046 use it share it own it and when he did
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00152-00034047-00034127 that
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00153-00034128-00034374 it just gave me goosebumps because the
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00154-00034375-00034679 tokenomics with basically saying what we
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00155-00034680-00034855 were going to be and do in those six
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00156-00034856-00034990 easy words
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00157-00034991-00035135 i just knew that it was bringing the
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00158-00035136-00035374 whole project together
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00159-00035375-00035583 then we took a step back
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00160-00035584-00035767 and we started thinking
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00161-00035768-00035967 about some of the situations that we've
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00162-00035968-00036127 been in the past
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00163-00036128-00036430 and we never wanted to be there again
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00164-00036431-00036615 and that's why you're seeing this slide
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00165-00036616-00036830 right here right now
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00166-00036831-00036927 because
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00167-00036928-00037151 what we wanted to do is we wanted to
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00168-00037152-00037407 make sure that anybody
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00169-00037408-00037583 had the ability
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00170-00037584-00037823 to participate and benefit with no risk
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00171-00037824-00038071 of getting hurt you guys we give tokens
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00172-00038072-00038302 for free for just using a messaging app
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00173-00038303-00038439 nobody can get her
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00174-00038440-00038615 reward the community
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00175-00038616-00038830 the community members that are actually
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00176-00038831-00039046 helping to grow the project nothing
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00177-00039047-00039230 about being first in or spending the
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00178-00039231-00039487 most money who's helping the project the
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00179-00039488-00039679 most will get rewarded the most very
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00180-00039680-00039807 simple
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00181-00039808-00040046 simple to participate in no new skills
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00182-00040047-00040143 required
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00183-00040144-00040335 anybody can download a messaging app and
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00184-00040336-00040455 start using
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00185-00040456-00040646 and that way we could bring in millions
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00186-00040647-00040855 of new people off the sideline and
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00187-00040856-00041174 meanwhile give crypto a good name
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00188-00041175-00041318 and then this is the thing that i'm most
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00189-00041319-00041518 proud of you know one year ago this was
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00190-00041519-00041735 just a theory on paper
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00191-00041736-00041895 but since then
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00192-00041896-00042118 it's no longer a theory it's been put
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00193-00042119-00042383 into practical use where somebody from a
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00194-00042384-00042583 third world country the philippines
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00195-00042584-00042862 india nigeria could just simply have a
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00196-00042863-00042990 smartphone
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00197-00042991-00043223 no investment and they could go out and
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00198-00043224-00043543 make life-changing money and many people
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00199-00043544-00043718 have done that some you know the stories
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00200-00043719-00044015 that are out there 100 000 tokens 160
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00201-00044016-00044287 000 tokens 180 000 tokens over these
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00202-00044288-00044423 past few months
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00203-00044424-00044607 and we're just two days away from where
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00204-00044608-00044815 they're going to be able to cash in on
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00205-00044816-00044883 those
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00206-00044884-00045087 rewards and we definitely wanted to
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00207-00045088-00045358 bring equality and benefits to uh to the
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00208-00045359-00045583 under underprivileged
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00209-00045584-00045751 so basically the value and the vision of
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00210-00045752-00046087 punk panda has been from the very start
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00211-00046088-00046302 you know value in the personal uh
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00212-00046303-00046630 privacy being able to have people earn a
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00213-00046631-00046879 powerful income risk-free opportunity
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00214-00046880-00047111 that can change their lives forever so
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00215-00047112-00047271 in essence
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00216-00047272-00047502 we're enhancing the lives of those
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00217-00047503-00047646 people that we touch
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00218-00047647-00047830 with that marcus let me turn it over to
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00219-00047831-00047999 you you've been nothing but a fabulous
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00220-00048000-00048167 partner in this just thank you so much
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00221-00048168-00048279 for everything that you've brought to
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00222-00048280-00048374 this
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00223-00048375-00048535 thank you for the phone call 13 months
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00224-00048536-00048639 ago
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00225-00048640-00048846 albert thank you very much and i'm so
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00226-00048847-00049046 proud to have you on board and before i
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00227-00049047-00049286 just push up the powerpoint and continue
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00228-00049287-00049462 through the presentation i just want to
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00229-00049463-00049639 mention a couple of words about albert
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00230-00049640-00049783 because for those of you who have been
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00231-00049784-00050015 in business before if you've been into
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00232-00050016-00050279 crypto projects before one of the most
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00233-00050280-00050518 important features are the people who
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00234-00050519-00050767 are developing and rolling out the
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00235-00050768-00050967 project because without them and without
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00236-00050968-00051143 their ethics and without the trust in
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00237-00051144-00051366 these people you're really on shaky
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00238-00051367-00051454 ground
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00239-00051455-00051607 i and i don't know i don't mean to
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00240-00051608-00051782 embarrass albert at all but i just want
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00241-00051783-00051935 to put this forward to you guys so you
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00242-00051936-00052079 can understand the type of person and
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00243-00052079-00052287 human that you're dealing with here i
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00244-00052288-00052503 literally have seen alba in a situation
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00245-00052504-00052703 where he has had to sleep
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00246-00052704-00053015 on the beach under a canoe for multiple
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00247-00053016-00053166 nights on end
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00248-00053167-00053391 and he would do that rather than jump
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00249-00053391-00053607 into a project and promote it for his
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00250-00053608-00053735 own benefit
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00251-00053736-00053911 to get him out of that situation so
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00252-00053912-00054030 that's one of the reasons i felt
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00253-00054032-00054271 confident to bring albert on board as my
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00254-00054272-00054463 partner with this project i felt
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00255-00054464-00054671 confident to bring him on board as the
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00256-00054672-00054782 ceo
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00257-00054783-00054935 because he has a huge heart he's
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00258-00054936-00055150 extremely generous and he just will not
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00259-00055151-00055279 compromise
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00260-00055279-00055542 putting somebody else in a bad situation
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00261-00055544-00055782 to help out his own so albert thanks
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00262-00055783-00055991 very much for everything you've done and
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00263-00055991-00056294 let's keep moving with the presentation
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00264-00056295-00056511 so guys like albert said what was most
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00265-00056512-00056694 important to us is that we we could
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00266-00056695-00056782 bring
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00267-00056783-00056982 millions of people into crypto who were
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00268-00056983-00057135 currently sitting on the sidelines
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00269-00057136-00057303 because they didn't know what to do they
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00270-00057304-00057479 didn't know who to trust
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00271-00057479-00057663 they were fearful of losing money we
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00272-00057664-00057863 could bring them into crypto with no new
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00273-00057864-00058079 skills no new experience
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00274-00058079-00058335 no financial risk on the line and they
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00275-00058336-00058526 could simply start using a free
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00276-00058527-00058663 messaging app
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00277-00058664-00058975 and earning tokens for simply using and
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00278-00058976-00059182 sharing this app
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00279-00059183-00059375 and you know just imagine if you had a
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00280-00059376-00059599 messaging app like whatsapp or telegram
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00281-00059600-00059854 that paid you every day for simply using
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00282-00059855-00060103 and sharing it now imagine those daily
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00283-00060104-00060223 rewards
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00284-00060224-00060447 represent your ownership
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00285-00060448-00060623 in the success of the company and that's
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00286-00060624-00060799 exactly what you're getting every time
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00287-00060800-00061079 you earn a token or a portion of a punk
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00288-00061079-00061287 panda token for using and sharing our
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00289-00061288-00061399 products
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00290-00061400-00061582 now look at whatsapp
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00291-00061583-00061823 after four years in operation they sold
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00292-00061824-00062111 to facebook for 19 billion dollars
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00293-00062112-00062319 dropbox a file sharing service is
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00294-00062320-00062606 currently valued at 10 billion
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00295-00062607-00062919 zoom video conferencing valued at 98
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00296-00062920-00063063 billion dollars
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00297-00063064-00063303 so we either have or will have products
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00298-00063304-00063479 that rival these
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00299-00063479-00063654 and my question to you is did you ever
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00300-00063655-00063871 get paid for using and sharing those
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00301-00063872-00063982 products
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00302-00063983-00064238 so punk panda app we released the beta
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00303-00064239-00064503 version of this app back in november
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00304-00064504-00064782 last year 2021 it's the world's first
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00305-00064783-00065054 secure messaging app that pays you
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00306-00065055-00065319 to use it and share it it's totally free
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00307-00065320-00065494 and it rewards you with punk panda
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00308-00065495-00065775 tokens 48 times a day
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00309-00065776-00066015 every 30 minutes there are new tokens
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00310-00066016-00066255 coming into circulation and being
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00311-00066256-00066455 distributed throughout those people who
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00312-00066456-00066671 who are using and sharing the app
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00313-00066672-00066855 military grade encryption protocols
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00314-00066856-00067055 protect your personal privacy and data
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00315-00067056-00067263 security so the more you use it and
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00316-00067264-00067479 share it the more tokens you'll earn now
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00317-00067480-00067703 this is a key point there are some
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00318-00067704-00067950 excellent secure messaging apps already
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00319-00067951-00068103 on the market and people are thinking
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00320-00068104-00068359 great my messages are secure when i'm
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00321-00068360-00068575 sending them nobody can intercept them
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00322-00068576-00068726 and get access to
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00323-00068727-00068879 my information
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00324-00068880-00069047 now that's true but i'll ask you a
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00325-00069048-00069150 question
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00326-00069151-00069343 what about the company that owns that
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00327-00069344-00069431 app
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00328-00069432-00069606 do they have all of your information do
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00329-00069607-00069782 they have all of your messages do they
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00330-00069783-00070038 have all of the videos and all of the
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00331-00070039-00070279 actual images and photographs
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00332-00070280-00070567 the question and the answer is yes
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00333-00070568-00070767 you know what we don't do that that's
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00334-00070768-00070911 not our business model our business
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00335-00070912-00071175 model is not to harvest your data spy on
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00336-00071176-00071367 you listen to your conversations and
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00337-00071368-00071550 potentially compromise you in the future
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00338-00071551-00071735 if somebody gets drag dragged into a
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00339-00071736-00071999 lawsuit that's not our business model
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00340-00072000-00072159 what we are doing is we're building a
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00341-00072160-00072415 huge global community with our free app
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00342-00072416-00072694 and we will bring other free products
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00343-00072695-00072894 and paid services
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00344-00072895-00073119 into our community that we believe a
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00345-00073120-00073271 percentage of people will come through
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00346-00073272-00073550 and own with panda post a secure file
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00347-00073551-00073831 sharing service panda meet a secure
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00348-00073832-00074079 video conferencing service and also
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00349-00074080-00074462 pandavault a secure file storing service
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00350-00074463-00074606 now on top of that we're tapping into
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00351-00074607-00074806 some huge industries with panda play and
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00352-00074807-00075062 panda profit the online gaming industry
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00353-00075063-00075367 is absolutely booming nft market is
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00354-00075368-00075606 absolutely booming and you know what
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00355-00075607-00075791 this is an area that we already have
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00356-00075792-00076031 products in the space with panda play
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00357-00076032-00076238 and panda 11 which we'll talk about as
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00358-00076239-00076455 we get further into this presentation
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00359-00076456-00076631 now along the way we've been so
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00360-00076632-00076782 fortunate we've had
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00361-00076783-00077006 high quality people coming to us from
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00362-00077007-00077247 different areas different industries
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00363-00077248-00077479 with different elements of expertise who
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00364-00077480-00077775 are saying guys we love this project you
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00365-00077776-00077967 know i want to be a part of it how can i
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00366-00077968-00078143 help what can i do
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00367-00078144-00078294 now i'm not sure if we have cliff on the
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00368-00078295-00078503 line cliff if you if you are on the line
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00369-00078504-00078647 please unmute yourself i haven't had
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00370-00078648-00078767 confirmation
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00371-00078768-00078975 but cliff is one of these guys who he's
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00372-00078976-00079143 owned his own companies he's been around
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00373-00079144-00079319 the direct selling industry he's been in
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00374-00079320-00079599 crypto for quite a number of years and
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00375-00079600-00079855 he's constantly bought us really high
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00376-00079856-00079991 quality people saying you know what
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00377-00079992-00080191 these people i think could help you
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00378-00080192-00080359 and one of the individuals that's been
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00379-00080360-00080550 brought to us has been our major
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00380-00080551-00080815 investor brian mcmullen now brian is
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00381-00080816-00080982 somebody who's owned a number of
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00382-00080983-00081199 companies before currently has companies
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00383-00081200-00081335 that have hundreds of thousands of
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00384-00081336-00081575 members and we were so fortunate to be
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00385-00081576-00081750 introduced to brian he'd already
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00386-00081751-00081911 purchased a bunch of tokens in our
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00387-00081912-00082103 pre-sale so we knew that he liked the
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00388-00082104-00082335 idea of our project and we talked about
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00389-00082336-00082511 a strategic partnership as a major
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00390-00082512-00082743 investor so brian if you're on the line
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00391-00082744-00082926 if you could just unmute yourself
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00392-00082927-00083071 because i'd love to hear from you a bit
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00393-00083072-00083279 about your background and why you felt
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00394-00083280-00083462 confident to partner with us in such a
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00395-00083463-00084847 major way here with punk panda
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00396-00084848-00085038 okay brian either hasn't joined us i
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00397-00085039-00085223 know you're on your way to the airport
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00398-00085224-00085391 or you're having trouble unmuting
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00399-00085392-00085518 yourself brian i'm going to keep on
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00400-00085519-00085767 moving and if you do happen to uh find
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00401-00085768-00086015 your way to unmute yourself uh just jump
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00402-00086016-00086303 in and i'll i'll let you speak so just
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00403-00086304-00086559 on that um what we'll do is hand back to
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00404-00086560-00086759 albert because one of the things that we
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00405-00086760-00086959 looked at was so important during this
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00406-00086960-00087062 journey
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00407-00087063-00087247 was we were looked at companies that
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00408-00087248-00087479 were success stories and we looked at
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00409-00087480-00087782 companies that had grown in the space
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00410-00087783-00088023 where we either have or will be offering
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00411-00088024-00088238 products or services we looked at what
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00412-00088239-00088406 were the key metrics what had they
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00413-00088407-00088582 achieved and what were the common
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00414-00088583-00088815 denominators that made them become
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00415-00088816-00088999 global success stories and household
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00416-00089000-00089159 names so albert i'm going to hand over
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00417-00089160-00089367 to you to cover this slide and then also
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00418-00089368-00089567 go into a couple of the next slides as
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00419-00089568-00089694 well
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00420-00089695-00089918 okay yeah ladies and gentlemen this was
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00421-00089919-00090062 another one of those stepping stones
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00422-00090063-00090279 where we got really really excited
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00423-00090280-00090494 because we started to realize you know
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00424-00090495-00090711 what are we we're actually all three in
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00425-00090712-00091047 one with the zoom viper drop watts out
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00426-00091048-00091215 and we realized that we were going to be
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00427-00091216-00091479 big data so we started looking at things
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00428-00091480-00091718 that all these companies had in common
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00429-00091719-00092006 and one of the key factors is that these
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00430-00092007-00092271 companies zoom viper dropbox whatsapp
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00431-00092272-00092535 they all had one million registrations
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00432-00092536-00092775 within one year that seemed to be a key
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00433-00092776-00092950 indicator where it gave them the
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00434-00092951-00093215 springboard to go on to three or four
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00435-00093216-00093574 years later having 300 400 500 million
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00436-00093575-00093871 members which valued them at no less
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00437-00093872-00094143 than 18 billion like marcus said
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00438-00094144-00094374 previously what's app sold to facebook
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00439-00094375-00094543 for 19 billion
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00440-00094544-00094759 you know zoom right now has an all-time
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00441-00094760-00095062 high of 98 billion valuation
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00442-00095063-00095294 and once again it's a simple question
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00443-00095295-00095471 anybody that helped develop those
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00444-00095472-00095694 companies and were the early on people
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00445-00095695-00095894 that you know got excited about it and
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00446-00095895-00096087 told other people about it were they
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00447-00096088-00096294 given any shares for using or sharing
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00448-00096295-00096431 the services
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00449-00096432-00096535 no
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00450-00096536-00096711 and the other thing that we have in
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00451-00096712-00096935 common with them is that we offer the
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00452-00096936-00097199 free services and we expect just a very
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00453-00097200-00097382 small percentage of our people to
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00454-00097383-00097550 actually bump up and do the paid
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00455-00097551-00097750 services just like they do with just
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00456-00097751-00097918 like they do with zoom
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00457-00097919-00098103 now where are we with 1 million
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00458-00098104-00098399 registrations well within 120 days we
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00459-00098400-00098647 had 550 000
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00460-00098648-00098887 brand new registrations so we're easily
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00461-00098888-00099111 going to achieve that one million mark
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00462-00099112-00099247 and that should be the key stepping
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00463-00099248-00099550 stone for us to just explode up into
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00464-00099551-00099838 that 300 405 million in the next two to
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00465-00099839-00099943 three years
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00466-00099944-00100135 we could go to the next slide
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00467-00100136-00100391 so remember i just told you
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00468-00100392-00100543 why is this important to talk about the
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00469-00100544-00100711 big data and what it's going to be
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00470-00100712-00100903 valued at in the future you know the
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00471-00100904-00101047 billions and billions
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00472-00101048-00101287 ladies and gentlemen remember use it
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00473-00101288-00101535 share it own it when you own a token you
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00474-00101536-00101791 actually own a share from panda and what
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00475-00101792-00101903 does that mean
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00476-00101904-00102238 there's only 275 million of these tokens
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00477-00102239-00102471 when you go look at tokenomic projects
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00478-00102472-00102615 you'll see some of them that got you
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00479-00102616-00102847 know 1 billion 10 billion 20 billion
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00480-00102848-00103127 quadro billions so you owning a token
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00481-00103128-00103375 doesn't really have that much value
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00482-00103376-00103639 but because we're like bitcoin where we
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00483-00103640-00103799 have the having a regular having
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00484-00103800-00104039 schedules and we're doing a minting over
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00485-00104040-00104366 15 years every token that you receive
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00486-00104367-00104566 owning a share of the company and it's
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00487-00104567-00104878 got the value as its tokenomics also
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00488-00104879-00105207 so if we could go to uh the next slide
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00489-00105208-00105334 we're going to be having the listing
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00490-00105335-00105647 here in a couple days july 29th
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00491-00105648-00105823 and if you look at this website
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00492-00105824-00105999 pandafarm.com
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00493-00106000-00106247 what's beautiful about this is that
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00494-00106248-00106383 people are going to be able to go
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00495-00106383-00106566 directly to the website
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00496-00106567-00106863 they're going to be able to do staking
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00497-00106864-00107119 enter into liquidity pools to be able to
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00498-00107120-00107390 do buys to do sales
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00499-00107391-00107615 right here on the website
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00500-00107616-00107895 made this as convenient as possible the
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00501-00107896-00108039 contract address
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00502-00108040-00108215 will be listed here it'll be dropped in
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00503-00108216-00108463 the telegram group it'll be posted every
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00504-00108464-00108686 every outlet that we have so everybody
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00505-00108688-00108886 will know where the smart contract is
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00506-00108888-00109078 and we'll do that the second the listing
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00507-00109079-00109375 takes place at 12 noon eastern time on
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00508-00109376-00109527 july 29th
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00509-00109528-00109815 now the gentleman that's responsible for
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00510-00109816-00110023 building this wonderful site i'm going
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00511-00110024-00110190 to introduce him right now
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00512-00110191-00110390 he is one of the brightest in the
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00513-00110391-00110678 industry starting at a very early
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00514-00110679-00110951 starting at a very early age it's jedi
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00515-00110952-00111166 josh he's our chief innovation officer
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00516-00111167-00111327 and just let me tell you something over
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00517-00111328-00111502 his years of starting he's been in the
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00518-00111503-00111671 industry almost since the industry
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00519-00111672-00111854 started he started as a teenager so
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00520-00111855-00112015 think about this okay
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00521-00112016-00112247 he's now recognized as one of the top
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00522-00112248-00112454 three four or five individuals in the
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00523-00112455-00112734 world when it comes to d5 protocols and
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00524-00112735-00112990 setting up d5 arms and staking and
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00525-00112991-00113254 making web 3 projects okay
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00526-00113255-00113366 now
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00527-00113367-00113663 most babies when they're born
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00528-00113664-00113871 four five six seven eight months later
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00529-00113872-00114110 their first order's mommy or daddy not
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00530-00114111-00114454 jedi josh his first word was bitcoin his
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00531-00114455-00114702 second word was potter okay
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00532-00114703-00114927 so jedi josh you could come on and share
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00533-00114928-00115151 with everybody
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00534-00115152-00115351 oh man that's too rich thank you so much
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00535-00115352-00115454 albert
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00536-00115455-00115631 you're so welcome oh that's a that's
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00537-00115632-00115815 such an incredibly kind introduction and
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00538-00115816-00115990 a really funny one too thank you so much
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00539-00115991-00116263 for that uh everyone i'm really pumped
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00540-00116264-00116399 to be here and appreciate all of you
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00541-00116400-00116510 that have taken the time to join us
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00542-00116511-00116695 tonight we're really excited to talk a
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00543-00116696-00116871 little bit more about the project about
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00544-00116872-00116975 where it's heading and some of the
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00545-00116976-00117110 really cool features that albert has
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00546-00117111-00117310 already started sharing with you tonight
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00547-00117311-00117399 uh to give you a little bit of
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00548-00117400-00117575 background about myself kind of like
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00549-00117576-00117790 albert shared i joined the industry in
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00550-00117791-00118031 about 2010 i got to the bitcoin white
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00551-00118032-00118239 paper really early on just
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00552-00118240-00118543 pure serendipity and uh i really loved
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00553-00118544-00118719 what it was about i loved the philosophy
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00554-00118720-00118902 i loved the counter economics i loved
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00555-00118903-00119102 the autonomy and financial independence
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00556-00119103-00119286 that it offered people and so i was
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00557-00119288-00119478 really excited by this and you know it
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00558-00119479-00119686 just so happened that over the years it
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00559-00119688-00119919 turned into an industry and you know as
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00560-00119920-00120102 somebody who happened to be there as the
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00561-00120103-00120327 history was being made in this industry
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00562-00120328-00120478 i got a chance to see this whole thing
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00563-00120479-00120678 evolved from the
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00564-00120679-00120966 nation see of them you know having no
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00565-00120967-00121175 smart contracts in the blockchains so
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00566-00121176-00121358 where we are now where we have web3
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00567-00121359-00121566 protocols and these awesome things like
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00568-00121567-00121719 the nft game that punk band is
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00569-00121720-00121910 developing right now so it's been a
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00570-00121911-00122054 really amazing journey to be in crypto
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00571-00122055-00122223 for this long i'm really blessed really
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00572-00122224-00122351 fortunate that i've had the chance to be
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00573-00122352-00122566 here and learn so much um
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00574-00122567-00122734 to give you a little background about my
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00575-00122735-00122871 you know professional journey in this
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00576-00122872-00123071 industry i started out with a company
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00577-00123072-00123271 called the blockchain center we uh we
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00578-00123272-00123519 made our big kind of 15 minutes of fame
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00579-00123520-00123686 by being featured in netflix on a big
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00580-00123688-00123895 documentary called banking on bitcoin
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00581-00123896-00124054 for those of you that have never seen
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00582-00124055-00124247 that movie if you know nothing about
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00583-00124248-00124414 crypto and you want a phenomenal place
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00584-00124415-00124654 to start go check out banking on bitcoin
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00585-00124655-00124823 it was featured on netflix and now it's
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00586-00124824-00124975 on youtube for free
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00587-00124976-00125134 you'll see our company on there bitcoin
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00588-00125135-00125390 center nyc we were the first physical
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00589-00125391-00125599 live exchange in north america only a
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00590-00125600-00125734 hundred feet from the new york stock
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00591-00125735-00125983 exchange it's where we launched doge
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00592-00125983-00126127 it's where we launched maker dial it's
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00593-00126128-00126295 where we launched paxful some of the
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00594-00126296-00126439 biggest companies in the space were
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00595-00126440-00126599 launched where i previously served the
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00596-00126600-00126878 ceo it's been an amazing honor to work
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00597-00126879-00127047 at such a great company and all these
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00598-00127048-00127166 prestigious different names in the
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00599-00127167-00127271 industry
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00600-00127272-00127502 i've had a chance to work with softbank
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00601-00127503-00127758 with crypto.com with a lot of big names
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00602-00127759-00127966 in the space and now i'm even more
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00603-00127967-00128127 excited that i get a chance to be a part
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00604-00128128-00128343 of such an impactful project that's
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00605-00128344-00128495 really taking on some of these big
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00606-00128496-00128654 companies in the messaging space and the
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00607-00128655-00128958 software space but you know i can't say
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00608-00128959-00129119 enough wonderful things about this you
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00609-00129120-00129271 know craig and i you know when we first
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00610-00129272-00129486 came across the project we were so
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00611-00129488-00129647 excited because we were looking for a
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00612-00129648-00129854 brand that we could really affect change
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00613-00129855-00130063 through we had so much technical
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00614-00130064-00130302 capability and so much expertise and we
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00615-00130303-00130447 really wanted to find that special
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00616-00130448-00130678 vehicle to drive change through and punk
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00617-00130679-00130943 panda was exactly that i had a really
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00618-00130944-00131214 impactful call with uh with marcus and
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00619-00131215-00131407 albert and they immediately sold me on
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00620-00131408-00131654 the idea i loved it i think it's a
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00621-00131655-00131807 really lofty mission and you have to
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00622-00131808-00131990 chase big things and that's one thing i
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00623-00131991-00132151 really love about this project it's not
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00624-00132152-00132390 just trying to solve one little problem
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00625-00132391-00132527 it's trying to really take on some
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00626-00132528-00132719 really big things and drive value back
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00627-00132720-00132854 to the users which is what i think
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00628-00132855-00133054 crypto's about so it's an honor to be
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00629-00133055-00133207 here and be your chief innovation
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00630-00133208-00133439 officer thank you guys so much and and i
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00631-00133440-00133678 appreciate you all
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00632-00133679-00133878 josh thanks so much we're so grateful to
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00633-00133879-00134135 have you with us on the project and uh
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00634-00134136-00134319 just to let everybody know we heard from
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00635-00134320-00134583 brian mcmullen our investor uh he wants
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00636-00134584-00134719 his money back
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00637-00134720-00135087 no i'm joking
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00638-00135088-00135199 he's um
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00639-00135200-00135335 he's just at the airport he's going
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00640-00135336-00135511 through security and as soon as he gets
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00641-00135512-00135663 on in the next five or six minutes he'll
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00642-00135664-00135807 let us know and we'll get to hear from
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00643-00135808-00136039 brian so we'll keep moving until we do
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00644-00136040-00136375 hear from brian so uh josh um heading up
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00645-00136376-00136631 decryption labs now decryption labs is a
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00646-00136632-00136847 conglomerate of really talented people
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00647-00136848-00137047 the next person part of decryption labs
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00648-00137048-00137390 on the team is uh crypto craig uh chief
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00649-00137391-00137599 strategy officer so craig i'd love to
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00650-00137600-00137823 hand the uh the call over to you for a
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00651-00137824-00137983 few minutes give people a bit about your
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00652-00137984-00138143 background and what you love about what
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00653-00138144-00138351 we're doing here together with uh punk
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00654-00138352-00138527 panda
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00655-00138528-00138919 yeah of course hey can you hear me
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00656-00138920-00139063 yes mate coming through loud and clear
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00657-00139064-00139231 all right sounds good all right thanks
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00658-00139232-00139423 guys so much uh my name is crypto craig
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00659-00139424-00139543 and i appreciate everyone having me on
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00660-00139544-00139727 the call tonight i gave myself that
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00661-00139728-00139887 nickname which is not a very cool thing
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00662-00139888-00140135 to do but when that happened in 2015 and
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00663-00140136-00140295 bitcoin went up and finally something
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00664-00140296-00140511 stuck and so um it's funny because one
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00665-00140512-00140647 of the guys that taught me and i
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00666-00140648-00140814 followed online along the way as i was
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00667-00140815-00141047 learning uh was actually cliff who
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00668-00141048-00141263 called me about punk panda probably six
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00669-00141264-00141502 months ago and um you know he told me it
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00670-00141503-00141719 was a messaging app it's a networking
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00671-00141720-00141871 and to be very honest with you i needed
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00672-00141872-00142031 another messaging app like i needed you
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00673-00142032-00142190 know anything else in my life i like i
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00674-00142191-00142366 didn't care but when it was came from
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00675-00142367-00142519 cliff i knew i had to pay attention when
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00676-00142520-00142687 he said it rewards you in crypto you
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00677-00142688-00142871 should take a look i was like okay send
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00678-00142872-00143023 it right over i'll sign up then we said
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00679-00143024-00143207 it was for free i said okay give me your
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00680-00143208-00143375 link and so that's really how it went
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00681-00143376-00143519 once i got to dig through and he told me
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00682-00143520-00143719 about the mission and i heard that brian
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00683-00143720-00143895 mcmullen might be involved i said all
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00684-00143896-00144031 right well i you know we've been
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00685-00144032-00144278 building this this company in the crypto
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00686-00144279-00144431 space and doing development for some of
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00687-00144432-00144623 these big projects but we have so much
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00688-00144624-00144790 cool stuff that josh and michael and i
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00689-00144791-00144951 who you'll meet that we want to build as
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00690-00144952-00145143 a development company but we don't have
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00691-00145144-00145295 that cool of brands like it's really
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00692-00145296-00145478 hard to make some of these hedge funds
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00693-00145479-00145623 uh you know god bless when they're our
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00694-00145624-00145726 clients and they're great but these are
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00695-00145727-00145935 like banks it's not that fun it's boring
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00696-00145936-00146119 to have a cool brand that you could do
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00697-00146120-00146343 all the cool stuff like nfts and the
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00698-00146344-00146551 staking and the d5 and be able to bring
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00699-00146552-00146775 all the cool ip that we built
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00700-00146776-00146935 um to a project with the cool brand
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00701-00146936-00147095 behind it that was very exciting to us
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00702-00147096-00147295 so um you know it just kind of was a
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00703-00147296-00147495 natural flow and we started working with
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00704-00147496-00147647 them and as things grew we saw the
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00705-00147648-00147775 amount of users that they already
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00706-00147776-00147966 reached i was like my god you know we
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00707-00147967-00148190 should put our heads together team up
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00708-00148191-00148335 and go bring some great products to
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00709-00148336-00148551 market and i say products because i
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00710-00148552-00148719 think it's so important most of crypto
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00711-00148720-00148935 right now most opportunities out there
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00712-00148936-00149071 like they're about investing in a
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00713-00149072-00149278 project that might do something down the
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00714-00149279-00149495 road later and even so it might be a
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00715-00149496-00149702 protocol or it might be one thing that
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00716-00149703-00149878 they're trying to do really well uh and
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00717-00149879-00150078 there's i respect that to an extent but
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00718-00150079-00150287 that's really all it has been and 99 of
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00719-00150288-00150414 these probably more won't work out
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00720-00150415-00150551 they're just pipe dreams their hopes and
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00721-00150552-00150695 dreams they raise the money and go try
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00722-00150696-00150911 to do it later here
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00723-00150912-00151063 is a lot different they have working
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00724-00151064-00151254 products day one and they have really
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00725-00151255-00151526 like five pillars of different suite of
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00726-00151527-00151783 products that all actually propel the
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00727-00151784-00152078 price of a native token up and so why is
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00728-00152079-00152247 it so important because in crypto
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00729-00152248-00152423 projects come out the token pumps up and
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00730-00152424-00152614 people get excited and then it goes down
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00731-00152615-00152759 because there's not a lot of utility
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00732-00152760-00152935 there's not a lot of use cases for it
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00733-00152936-00153054 even though people try to argue that
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00734-00153055-00153231 there are there often isn't here with
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00735-00153232-00153471 all the panda 11 with the panda academy
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00736-00153472-00153607 which i'm fortunate enough to be an
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00737-00153608-00153743 educator with with michael who's going
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00738-00153744-00153966 to touch more on that in a second
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00739-00153967-00154126 i mean guys we have you can use ppm
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00740-00154127-00154390 tokens to get access to tons of videos
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00741-00154391-00154535 that would have saved me so much time
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00742-00154536-00154671 and money in crypto i mean everything
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00743-00154672-00154902 from what is bitcoin all the way to
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00744-00154903-00155087 investment strategies and you know
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00745-00155088-00155247 printed out books that will give you
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00746-00155248-00155423 exactly what to do with your security so
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00747-00155424-00155519 you don't have to worry about getting
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00748-00155520-00155719 hacked like all of these utilities and
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00749-00155720-00155935 things that you can buy and use feed the
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00750-00155936-00156071 ecosystem and pump the price of the
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00751-00156072-00156263 token which is good so the reason i
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00752-00156264-00156407 stress that is because these are working
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00753-00156408-00156575 products and even if there probably
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00754-00156576-00156735 wasn't a crypto to it or there wasn't an
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00755-00156736-00156854 opportunity attached to it you'd
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00756-00156855-00157087 probably share it and now you get to not
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00757-00157088-00157319 just buy or try to trade crypto you get
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00758-00157320-00157478 to earn crypto and that's something i've
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00759-00157479-00157759 been preaching since 2016 when i started
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00760-00157760-00157895 you know fortunate enough to have a
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00761-00157896-00158023 youtube channel and then took off and
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00762-00158024-00158207 started speaking on stage i was telling
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00763-00158208-00158351 people you can live in crypto you can
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00764-00158352-00158535 earn encrypted and so me and all my
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00765-00158536-00158702 friends we're crypto degenerates we've
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00766-00158703-00158871 been looking for a cool
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00767-00158872-00159102 way to bring people to crypto in a fun
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00768-00159103-00159223 and exciting way so we have a lot of
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00769-00159224-00159351 products that are going to do that this
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00770-00159352-00159566 is a huge week for pump panda um yeah
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00771-00159567-00159678 i'm not sure when you'll be seeing this
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00772-00159679-00159811 video but definitely go to
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00773-00159812-00159990 punkpanafarm.com check out what's going
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00774-00159991-00160231 on we've done such a good job as a team
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00775-00160232-00160454 and not myself this is everybody
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00776-00160455-00160678 to demystify a lot of what crypto is to
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00777-00160679-00160854 be able to buy an asset to be able to
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00778-00160855-00161078 swap it to stake it to do all the things
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00779-00161079-00161311 maybe you've heard of in d5 is actually
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00780-00161312-00161471 really complicated so the team did a
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00781-00161472-00161671 great job of simplifying giving you the
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00782-00161672-00161823 tools you need to be able to do that and
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00783-00161824-00162007 do it right from the home page so
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00784-00162008-00162151 that'll be out live in a few days i'm
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00785-00162152-00162326 excited for everyone to see it i'll pass
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00786-00162327-00162454 it back to marcus to kick it over to
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00787-00162455-00162575 michael to talk a little bit about the
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00788-00162576-00162839 panda academy coming out here soon
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00789-00162840-00163014 all right listen good news i think we've
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00790-00163015-00163254 got brian mcmullen on he got caught up
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00791-00163255-00163495 in security um apparently his carry-on
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00792-00163496-00163678 luggage was over seven kilograms which
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00793-00163679-00163975 was just his wallet um but anyway brian
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00794-00163976-00164102 we have you on the line if you can
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00795-00164103-00164238 unmute yourself just make sure you're
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00796-00164239-00164375 coming through
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00797-00164376-00164495 hey
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00798-00164496-00164743 can you hear me
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00799-00164744-00164990 the call is uh yours we appreciate you
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00800-00164991-00165175 getting on uh have you ever been in the
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00801-00165176-00165519 airport and there's either a crying kid
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00802-00165520-00165790 and then i'm running away from that or
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00803-00165791-00165990 you're like okay seven minutes and i put
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00804-00165991-00166207 my bag in i'm like i'm good
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00805-00166208-00166438 and then they pull my bat like the one
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00806-00166439-00166766 bag they pull it i'm just like oh my god
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00807-00166767-00166926 but anyway
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00808-00166927-00167007 uh
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00809-00167008-00167102 yeah
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00810-00167103-00167383 i'm super excited um let me just tell
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00811-00167384-00167454 you
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00812-00167455-00167647 kind of what happened to me
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00813-00167648-00167887 um i've been in crypto i guess since
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00814-00167888-00168383 2015. so how many seven years and uh
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00815-00168384-00168663 been in network marketing for
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00816-00168664-00168878 decades basically
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00817-00168879-00169143 made became a millionaire in my 20s
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00818-00169144-00169295 but uh
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00819-00169296-00169543 so here's basically what happened last
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00820-00169544-00169878 year you guys know like fall
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00821-00169879-00170007 um
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00822-00170008-00170335 i had some friends that just were
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00823-00170336-00170495 making a lot of money in the pre-sale
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00824-00170496-00170775 tokens you know hex and safe moon and
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00825-00170776-00170966 true badger and
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00826-00170967-00171223 i was like i guess it's pre-sale token
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00827-00171224-00171335 season
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00828-00171336-00171423 but
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00829-00171424-00171638 they told me oh there's this there's
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00830-00171639-00171790 this app that's
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00831-00171791-00171966 super secure
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00832-00171967-00172143 you know your digital sell you heard all
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00833-00172144-00172302 the stuff your digital stuff can you
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00834-00172303-00172454 guys hear me cause
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00835-00172455-00172751 i just saw my buddy craig i see albert i
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00836-00172752-00172871 see marcus
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00837-00172872-00173087 i'm super distracted but
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00838-00173088-00173278 it makes for entertainment right because
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00839-00173279-00173511 i have no literally
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00840-00173512-00173847 speech to read or nothing but
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00841-00173848-00174095 i uh
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00842-00174096-00174366 i was like okay well there's this
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00843-00174367-00174551 this
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00844-00174552-00174807 belief of privacy and i always like the
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00845-00174808-00175054 over stretch of the governments and
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00846-00175055-00175263 you know the the the fact that your
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00847-00175264-00175438 digital self is worth more than your
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00848-00175439-00175614 physical self and all the data mining
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00849-00175615-00175854 they do of us but just even
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00850-00175855-00176031 friends that send a picture to their
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00851-00176032-00176199 girlfriend and somehow they don't own
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00852-00176200-00176454 that because somebody else it's on their
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00853-00176455-00176726 platform so i was really super
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00854-00176727-00176966 passionate about the idea just from that
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00855-00176967-00177278 just from that one little thing
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00856-00177279-00177559 and then so i i got in i was like okay
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00857-00177560-00177743 let's do the pre-sale thing and i bought
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00858-00177744-00177943 some tokens
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00859-00177944-00178231 and the site was super cool
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00860-00178232-00178502 they paid on time actually they
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00861-00178503-00178711 i felt like wow for the work i did for a
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00862-00178712-00178895 week this is like
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00863-00178896-00179111 this is good money you know
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00864-00179112-00179223 but
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00865-00179224-00179454 i just thought there's got to be
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00866-00179455-00179647 something more to
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00867-00179648-00179943 uh the idea because i'm
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00868-00179944-00180102 there's all these people that were
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00869-00180103-00180231 pitching you know they're going to come
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00870-00180232-00180438 out with a blockchain phone they're
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00871-00180439-00180583 going to do this and that but the
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00872-00180584-00180823 problem is is that
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00873-00180824-00181087 even if you have a blockchain phone
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00874-00181088-00181383 people are still conditioned to
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00875-00181384-00181654 their whatsapp or whatever so
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00876-00181655-00181743 if
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00877-00181744-00182063 that doesn't solve the problem what will
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00878-00182064-00182359 and when i dove into it a little bit
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00879-00182360-00182471 deeper
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00880-00182472-00182695 and even girls i knew were like oh my
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00881-00182696-00182878 gosh the branding is crazy i mean i
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00882-00182879-00183047 don't know if these guys i told them i
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00883-00183048-00183263 don't know if your brainchild was
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00884-00183264-00183519 literally that every girl on instagram
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00885-00183520-00183759 and snapchat puts little panda on their
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00886-00183760-00184095 faces and then when you send pandas out
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00887-00184096-00184278 like what they're doing with nft stuff
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00888-00184279-00184543 or the little even the stuff you know
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00889-00184544-00184735 marcus and craig are
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00890-00184736-00184966 michael and craig and and with the
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00891-00184967-00185199 training and all that so i haven't seen
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00892-00185200-00185447 my friends in a while what's up michael
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00893-00185448-00185543 uh
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00894-00185544-00185695 but
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00895-00185696-00185919 so i was like well
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00896-00185920-00186190 i think this is a big big deal
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00897-00186191-00186543 and then when i just met marcus and
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00898-00186544-00186783 albert and just started hearing about
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00899-00186784-00187031 their vision and the fact that
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00900-00187032-00187247 they were like hey we
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00901-00187248-00187431 will take the shirt off our back before
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00902-00187432-00187735 we ever get in a situation where
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00903-00187736-00188038 we don't honor agreements and and make
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00904-00188039-00188166 sure people
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00905-00188167-00188414 don't get hurt and just their stories i
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00906-00188415-00188695 mean marcus whole reason was like hey my
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00907-00188696-00188943 buddies kept getting hurt so i realized
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00908-00188944-00189223 i needed to step in to the arena and
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00909-00189224-00189375 when they did
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00910-00189376-00189719 like major major ways right just
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00911-00189720-00190007 the the betting the gambling the
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00912-00190008-00190302 messaging the nft like everything that
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00913-00190303-00190390 just
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00914-00190391-00190663 has been awesome so like i said flying
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00915-00190664-00190999 international tsa super distracted but
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00916-00191000-00191183 at that point
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00917-00191184-00191414 i put an investment in the company of
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00918-00191415-00191566 you know seven
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00919-00191567-00191854 fake multiple seven figures and
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00920-00191855-00192078 i did it
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00921-00192079-00192278 i guess the ques you know michael
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00922-00192279-00192614 or uh sorry i'm just like marcus albert
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00923-00192615-00192823 they were like
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00924-00192824-00192975 well why
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00925-00192976-00193199 did you
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00926-00193200-00193431 this when you get pitched all this stuff
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00927-00193432-00193726 like why not other things like why
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00928-00193727-00194047 literally this and i was like
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00929-00194048-00194175 it's simple
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00930-00194176-00194350 really simple first of all it's a
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00931-00194351-00194495 project dear and near to my heart
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00932-00194496-00194702 because of the privacy government
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00933-00194703-00194935 overreach i'm kind of feeling like i'm a
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00934-00194936-00195207 crusader on that front but even more so
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00935-00195208-00195375 than that because there's a lot of
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00936-00195376-00195535 projects that claim
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00937-00195536-00195735 that they're you know do that
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00938-00195736-00196083 but literally from the moment i stepped
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00939-00196084-00196511 in and i started just doing a little bit
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00940-00196512-00196759 like hey i've always felt this about
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00941-00196760-00196990 just people you take a step towards
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00942-00196991-00197150 somebody if they don't take a step
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00943-00197151-00197302 towards you and like honor their
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00944-00197303-00197535 agreement and follow through and over
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00945-00197536-00197663 deliver
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00946-00197664-00197838 i just told them hey you know what since
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00947-00197839-00198126 i put the money into you guys
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00948-00198127-00198511 i'm not just pleased i'm like
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00949-00198512-00198735 a little shocked and super ecstatic
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00950-00198736-00198895 about the fact that
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00951-00198896-00199207 you guys literally have just done this
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00952-00199208-00199471 and this and like 20 things i thought
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00953-00199472-00199654 you were gonna do like two things
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00954-00199655-00199959 but you've gone way way overboard over
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00955-00199960-00200095 performed
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00956-00200096-00200366 not said really much you know no talk
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00957-00200367-00200695 but just delivery delivery delivery so
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00958-00200696-00200854 i don't know what else there is to say
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00959-00200855-00201159 but i'm i'm stoked and that's the reason
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00960-00201160-00201287 just because
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00961-00201288-00201495 from the little bit i did
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00962-00201496-00201719 from the first day it was like we're
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00963-00201720-00201959 gonna we pay our p and they did like you
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00964-00201960-00202183 guys know so
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00965-00202184-00202335 peace out
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00966-00202336-00202502 i don't know what to say peace out
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00967-00202503-00202599 that's that
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00968-00202600-00202766 thank you so much appreciate you getting
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00969-00202767-00202975 on i can see you're about to travel so
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00970-00202976-00203254 um i'm grateful you're able to jump on
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00971-00203255-00203526 so um now let's uh jo and we really
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00972-00203527-00203687 appreciate your support brian more than
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00973-00203688-00203911 you more than you probably know so let's
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00974-00203912-00204111 get back into this presentation so we
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00975-00204112-00204335 just heard from uh crypto craig before
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00976-00204336-00204543 brian got a chance to jump in the next
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00977-00204544-00204903 person from decryption labs again um i
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00978-00204904-00205119 was just blown away when i when i
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00979-00205119-00205279 realized this guy was going to come on
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00980-00205280-00205366 board
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00981-00205367-00205655 michael kimmelman best-selling new york
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00982-00205656-00205942 times author amazon bestselling author
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00983-00205944-00206103 with a couple of books you can see up
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00984-00206104-00206319 here uh one's called conventions of a
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00985-00206319-00206582 wall street insider another one is um
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00986-00206583-00206775 base mastering the basics of bitcoin and
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00987-00206776-00207086 crypto now uh mark is going to be part
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00988-00207087-00207382 of the panda academy which is starting
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00989-00207383-00207623 out with 20 different modules talking
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00990-00207623-00207886 about crypto education from basics right
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00991-00207887-00208086 through to giving you tips of things to
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00992-00208087-00208310 do things to avoid so without any
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00993-00208311-00208527 further ado mike love to hand over to
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00994-00208528-00208694 you sir
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00995-00208696-00208934 thank you marcus again my name is mike
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00996-00208935-00209214 kimmelman and i am excited to help
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00997-00209215-00209462 design and launch panda academy which as
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00998-00209463-00209686 marcus said is the educational component
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-00999-00209687-00209894 of the project and i really just can't
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01000-00209896-00210094 wait to combine all the things that i've
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01001-00210096-00210294 learned in the previous ventures that
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01002-00210296-00210551 i've been involved with into this single
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01003-00210552-00210823 storehouse of knowledge and i'll give
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01004-00210823-00211046 you a quick bio i was a corporate lawyer
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01005-00211048-00211255 for one of the big new york law firms
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01006-00211256-00211606 doing mma work got tired of that law for
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01007-00211607-00211798 life lateral over the finance and became
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01008-00211800-00212006 an analyst a trader and a portfolio
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01009-00212007-00212175 manager for several of the big hedge
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01010-00212176-00212351 funds eventually ended up starting my
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01011-00212352-00212623 own fund which at its peak ran over 250
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01012-00212623-00212758 million dollars
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01013-00212759-00213039 and then in 2014 i had the good fortune
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01014-00213040-00213334 to run into charlie shrem and he was the
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01015-00213335-00213510 president of the bitcoin foundation he
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01016-00213511-00213663 had formed one of the first bitcoin
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01017-00213664-00213791 exchanges
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01018-00213792-00213991 charlie and i became fast friends he
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01019-00213992-00214198 took me down that bitcoin rabbit hole
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01020-00214200-00214551 and i really never looked back in 2016
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01021-00214552-00214719 charlie and i started one of the first
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01022-00214719-00214967 crypto educational newsletters in the
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01023-00214967-00215103 sector
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01024-00215104-00215271 and the goal back then is really the
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01025-00215271-00215487 same goal that we have now it's to help
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01026-00215488-00215758 you guys time collapse your learning
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01027-00215759-00216046 curve in a really
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01028-00216048-00216263 simple and dramatic way to distill all
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01029-00216264-00216551 this information in a super simple easy
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01030-00216552-00216719 to understand manner
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01031-00216719-00216927 financial education really is so near to
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01032-00216928-00217134 my heart it's so critical it helps you
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01033-00217135-00217375 gain control of your life it helps you
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01034-00217376-00217631 understand money to plan for your future
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01035-00217632-00217839 to understand your choices
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01036-00217840-00218015 it really gives you options and i am a
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01037-00218016-00218255 huge fan of optionality um quite simply
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01038-00218256-00218375 it gives you the power to make the most
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01039-00218376-00218567 of your money and potentially improve
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01040-00218567-00218742 your life and that's what panda academy
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01041-00218744-00218934 is designed to do
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01042-00218935-00219127 especially in times like these
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01043-00219128-00219358 especially in bear markets there are so
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01044-00219359-00219671 many amazing companies and huge fortunes
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01045-00219671-00219831 that have been created in times like
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01046-00219832-00220039 these companies like microsoft
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01047-00220040-00220439 electronic arts venmo airbnb square uh
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01048-00220440-00220694 just a ton of great companies and
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01049-00220696-00220919 fortunes have been built in these types
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01050-00220919-00221175 of bear markets and times and so this is
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01051-00221176-00221263 really
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01052-00221264-00221455 i can't emphasize it enough this is the
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01053-00221456-00221727 perfect time to build knowledge and to
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01054-00221728-00221927 double down on education and i'm really
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01055-00221928-00222215 excited to be a part of this project
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01056-00222216-00222415 mike thanks so much we appreciate your
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01057-00222416-00222591 partnership and uh just looking forward
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01058-00222592-00222846 to these new panda academy modules
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01059-00222848-00223071 coming out very soon
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01060-00223071-00223327 so now from mike the final person from
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01061-00223328-00223558 decryption labs is another guy i was
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01062-00223559-00223671 just um
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01063-00223671-00223879 just oh this is our little uh panda
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01064-00223880-00224063 professor so you're gonna get to see the
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01065-00224064-00224294 the professor uh in the panda academy we
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01066-00224296-00224494 think is a gangster cool looking little
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01067-00224496-00224671 dude everyone we showed him to says he's
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01068-00224671-00224975 uh he's so cool so the next person um i
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01069-00224976-00225223 first met russ not too long ago now when
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01070-00225223-00225415 we started looking at putting together
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01071-00225416-00225767 our nft uh online game which uh we've
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01072-00225767-00226046 we're calling panda legends so russ
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01073-00226048-00226271 creswell um he's our lead software
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01074-00226271-00226471 engineer russ would love just to hand
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01075-00226471-00226623 over to you for a couple of minutes to
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01076-00226623-00226823 talk about your background and really
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01077-00226823-00227031 the things you thought about when you
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01078-00227032-00227198 even before you started we didn't come
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01079-00227200-00227334 to you and say russ
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01080-00227335-00227567 we need you to do this we allowed you
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01081-00227567-00227791 with your expertise to go out look at
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01082-00227792-00227975 the market look at what was working best
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01083-00227976-00228119 and say right here's what i think is
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01084-00228119-00228310 going to be something that can really
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01085-00228311-00228519 make a big splash in this space so russ
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01086-00228519-00228719 over to you
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01087-00228719-00229039 awesome yeah uh i'm russ everybody nice
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01088-00229040-00229334 to meet you all nice to see you all
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01089-00229335-00229527 i've been uh doing software development
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01090-00229528-00229734 for about eight years now
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01091-00229735-00229975 i was i was working at cisco for a
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01092-00229976-00230198 couple years and then finally decided to
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01093-00230200-00230367 get into crypto
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01094-00230367-00230679 a couple years ago and i've only been
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01095-00230680-00230855 developing blockchain applications for
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01096-00230856-00231023 about a year now
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01097-00231023-00231206 but other than that at a young age i got
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01098-00231207-00231463 into playing video games and i got in
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01099-00231464-00231582 into playing
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01100-00231583-00231727 different kinds of games and i was
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01101-00231728-00231958 always interested in how they're built
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01102-00231959-00232175 and how it works in the back end how the
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01103-00232176-00232358 ai works
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01104-00232359-00232534 and ever since then i started building
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01105-00232535-00232751 my own applications so i've built a
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01106-00232752-00233031 variety of stuff including mobile
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01107-00233032-00233310 applications web applications
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01108-00233311-00233679 and games and stuff like that
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01109-00233680-00233839 and
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01110-00233840-00233991 the reason why i decided to take this
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01111-00233992-00234142 project on was because
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01112-00234144-00234271 i like to
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01113-00234271-00234439 i i think my purpose in life is to
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01114-00234440-00234575 connect to people
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01115-00234576-00234751 so i want to build something that allows
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01116-00234752-00234831 people
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01117-00234832-00235071 that allows people to be competitive
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01118-00235071-00235231 and collaborative
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01119-00235232-00235463 uh in a healthy way
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01120-00235464-00235703 and i know that there's a big problem in
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01121-00235704-00236055 games nowadays with um censorship
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01122-00236056-00236334 and owning your digital items
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01123-00236335-00236423 so
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01124-00236423-00236679 i think um with the nfts that we're
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01125-00236680-00236894 creating on this platform
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01126-00236896-00237087 and the token uh
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01127-00237088-00237246 there's a big opportunity for you to
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01128-00237248-00237455 actually own your items
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01129-00237456-00237703 and um
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01130-00237704-00237871 with that being said i'm excited to be
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01131-00237871-00238079 part of the project and i look forward
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01132-00238080-00238239 to building something
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01133-00238240-00238375 that um
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01134-00238376-00238606 everybody will enjoy
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01135-00238607-00238782 fantastic rust and we know that you are
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01136-00238783-00238958 ahead of the the curve as far as
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01137-00238959-00239182 development's concerned so we appreciate
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01138-00239183-00239287 all the hard work you're doing in the
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01139-00239288-00239415 background and people are going to see
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01140-00239416-00239710 that come to fruition sometime into into
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01141-00239711-00239871 next year and it's going to be a huge
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01142-00239871-00240167 utility case for our token going forward
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01143-00240167-00240358 speaking of utility case for those of
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01144-00240359-00240558 you who haven't seen it uh we started
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01145-00240559-00240782 the presentation with panda 11 video the
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01146-00240783-00241030 world's first crypto fantasy sports app
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01147-00241031-00241239 this is already on the market you can go
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01148-00241240-00241503 to the apple ios store and download it
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01149-00241504-00241734 if you're on android you can go to the
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01150-00241735-00241855 website
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01151-00241856-00242151 sorry panda 11 dot io and this is just
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01152-00242152-00242342 such a huge huge
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01153-00242344-00242519 utility case for our business going
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01154-00242519-00242679 forward because people can come in with
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01155-00242680-00242887 their traditional crypto whether it be
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01156-00242888-00243206 bitcoin ethereum tron bnb
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01157-00243207-00243367 they can purchase and they have to
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01158-00243367-00243615 purchase our token to play the matches
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01159-00243616-00243742 when they play the matches they're
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01160-00243744-00243958 basically able to not only win more but
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01161-00243959-00244158 keep more of their winnings than they
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01162-00244159-00244351 would if they're in a fiat model they're
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01163-00244352-00244542 not just being able to win more and keep
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01164-00244544-00244782 more of their profits and their winnings
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01165-00244783-00245046 but they can participate in a global way
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01166-00245048-00245198 they're not pigeon holed into their
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01167-00245200-00245430 local market playing sports with their
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01168-00245431-00245558 local fiat
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01169-00245559-00245775 fiat money so that's going to be a huge
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01170-00245776-00246023 project for us and we're scaling this
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01171-00246023-00246191 and really putting a focus on this in
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01172-00246192-00246342 the coming months
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01173-00246344-00246510 so the last thing i want to do before i
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01174-00246511-00246655 hand back to albert to round out the
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01175-00246656-00246782 presentation
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01176-00246783-00246958 is just to talk you through our
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01177-00246959-00247167 ecosystem and a lot of people look at
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01178-00247167-00247351 this and their brain might go on spaz
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01179-00247352-00247551 going wow there's a lot going on here
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01180-00247552-00247727 and this looks quite complicated so i'm
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01181-00247728-00247942 going to talk you through this step by
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01182-00247944-00248158 step so that it all comes together and
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01183-00248159-00248415 makes sense not only why it's important
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01184-00248416-00248615 and beneficial to utilize some of the
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01185-00248616-00248863 products and services that we offer
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01186-00248864-00248991 but really
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01187-00248992-00249191 how important these different elements
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01188-00249192-00249510 are to support and grow the value of the
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01189-00249511-00249775 tokens that you may be earning or buying
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01190-00249776-00249982 so we started out with a with a smart
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01191-00249983-00250191 contract that we put in place on the
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01192-00250192-00250430 binance smart chain and every 30 minutes
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01193-00250431-00250758 that smart contract delivers tokens
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01194-00250759-00251030 into four separate wallets the first
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01195-00251031-00251294 wallet is a wallet where 15 goes for
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01196-00251296-00251487 ongoing development so the company
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01197-00251488-00251734 always has a source of resources
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01198-00251735-00251967 to actually grow out and expand new
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01199-00251967-00252158 products and services and to improve the
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01200-00252159-00252423 service we have on the roadmap
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01201-00252423-00252767 23 of those tokens goes to the panda app
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01202-00252767-00252927 so that's for people who are actually
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01203-00252928-00253206 sharing the app and we have an ongoing
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01204-00253207-00253487 supply of tokens to reward people who
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01205-00253488-00253758 are helping us to grow this massive
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01206-00253759-00254006 community and database through the free
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01207-00254007-00254158 messaging app
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01208-00254159-00254367 there's another 50 sorry other way
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01209-00254367-00254615 around 50 goes to the panda pals through
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01210-00254616-00254927 the app 23 goes to people who have
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01211-00254928-00255215 tokens staked on the punk panda farm so
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01212-00255216-00255351 if you've got your tokens you bought
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01213-00255352-00255487 them they're sitting in the back office
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01214-00255488-00255710 on the panda farm just for holding
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01215-00255711-00255951 tokens you're receiving additional
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01216-00255952-00256230 tokens for being a holder rather than a
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01217-00256231-00256446 seller of those tokens so we're further
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01218-00256448-00256687 incentivizing you to hold those tokens
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01219-00256688-00256839 and not just be selling them willy-nilly
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01220-00256840-00256958 on the market
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01221-00256959-00257134 and then the final one goes down to
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01222-00257135-00257367 panda profit panda farm for those people
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01223-00257367-00257623 staking there now the red arrows is this
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01224-00257623-00257775 is if you want to be able to sell your
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01225-00257776-00257975 tokens in the future so if you're
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01226-00257976-00258215 accumulating tokens from the panda app
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01227-00258216-00258367 you'll be able to sell those for a
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01228-00258367-00258558 public exchange the first one being
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01229-00258559-00258798 pancake we have other exchanges that
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01230-00258800-00259039 we're already looking at and deciding
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01231-00259040-00259263 which ones and when will we list
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01232-00259264-00259471 if you've got tokens on the panda farm
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01233-00259471-00259639 again you can sell those through a
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01234-00259640-00259798 public exchange
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01235-00259800-00259991 now in the future we're going to have
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01236-00259992-00260206 free and paid services that we're
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01237-00260207-00260415 bringing down panda post like a file
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01238-00260416-00260655 sharing service that's encrypted panda
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01239-00260656-00260903 meet an encrypted video conferencing
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01240-00260904-00261103 service will have a free and a paid
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01241-00261104-00261382 upgrade panda vault which is a secure
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01242-00261383-00261551 file storage
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01243-00261552-00261782 but also if we look at back on panda
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01244-00261783-00262046 profit we have not only the panda farm
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01245-00262048-00262175 going live
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01246-00262176-00262367 with people having the ability to buy
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01247-00262368-00262655 steak and farm our tokens on the 29th of
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01248-00262656-00262758 this month
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01249-00262759-00262999 we have panda academy the crypto
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01250-00263000-00263247 education component the 20 modules
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01251-00263248-00263406 that'll be rolling out in the next one
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01252-00263407-00263551 to two months
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01253-00263552-00263775 panda merchandise we have six thousand
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01254-00263776-00264015 teddy bears we've already manufactured
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01255-00264016-00264199 with our first two products so we've got
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01256-00264200-00264447 teddy bears literally one foot tall uh
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01257-00264448-00264647 with panda app and panda 11 people will
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01258-00264648-00264823 be able to buy those and eventually
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01259-00264824-00264999 collect the whole collection
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01260-00265000-00265191 and they'll also got these t-shirts and
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01261-00265192-00265406 coffee mugs so they'll be available to
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01262-00265407-00265647 purchase in the coming weeks as well
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01263-00265648-00265903 now as far as panda play is concerned we
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01264-00265904-00266063 already have the first product in the
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01265-00266064-00266295 market and the reason i talk about this
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01266-00266296-00266455 being in the market is because most
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01267-00266456-00266743 people who are looking at crypto tokens
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01268-00266744-00266927 or coins to buy
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01269-00266928-00267079 they're literally looking at a company
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01270-00267080-00267287 who has nothing other than maybe a
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01271-00267288-00267534 website and a white paper and they're
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01272-00267535-00267734 talking about what they're going to do
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01273-00267735-00267951 and they want you to invest your money
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01274-00267952-00268206 to buy their tokens so they can take
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01275-00268207-00268406 that money and hopefully go
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01276-00268407-00268558 and produce some of the products on
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01277-00268559-00268799 their roadmap we already have tested our
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01278-00268800-00268927 beta app
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01279-00268928-00269223 in the market and have over 550 000
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01280-00269224-00269406 people who have downloaded using that
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01281-00269407-00269639 app and the next version is hitting the
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01282-00269640-00269839 market in the coming days
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01283-00269840-00270023 there's some unique features of our next
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01284-00270024-00270230 version that i cannot wait to tell you
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01285-00270231-00270375 about that you won't see with any other
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01286-00270376-00270679 messaging app we already have panda 11
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01287-00270680-00270895 the world's first crypto sports fantasy
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01288-00270896-00271079 app in the market
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01289-00271080-00271230 panda legends as you just heard with
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01290-00271231-00271423 russ the nft game is already being
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01291-00271424-00271679 developed and we'll do our first
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01292-00271680-00271927 nft drop with the og collection the
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01293-00271928-00272027 first
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01294-00272028-00272334 1864 pandas that you'll get access to in
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01295-00272335-00272519 the next coming months as well
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01296-00272520-00272710 so ultimately we've got a whole
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01297-00272711-00272934 ecosystem of not only a way to grow the
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01298-00272935-00273191 community a way to reward the community
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01299-00273192-00273327 help us to grow
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01300-00273328-00273527 and then products and services that we
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01301-00273528-00273815 believe people will use and spend money
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01302-00273816-00274119 on to support the token value
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01303-00274120-00274351 and increase the token value as the
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01304-00274352-00274623 whole valuation of our company grows so
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01305-00274624-00274758 to round out on that note i'm going to
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01306-00274759-00274991 hand over to albert to close it out
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01307-00274992-00275191 because again before we even started
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01308-00275192-00275367 this project we thought you know
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01309-00275368-00275534 based on all of the things we've looked
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01310-00275535-00275758 at and been involved in the past the way
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01311-00275759-00275910 we've seen people get hurt with the
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01312-00275911-00276063 token getting launched and then just
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01313-00276064-00276287 people dumping and the price going
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01314-00276288-00276423 through the floor
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01315-00276424-00276647 what can we do to help protect not only
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01316-00276648-00276919 holding the token price once we list but
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01317-00276920-00277151 to make sure the token value continues
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01318-00277152-00277382 to go up as our project expands so
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01319-00277383-00277567 albert i'll hand over to you to cover
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01320-00277568-00277799 these six different ways and and things
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01321-00277800-00277943 were put in place to protect that from
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01322-00277944-00278087 happening
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01323-00278088-00278375 yes once ago once again exactly one year
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01324-00278376-00278623 ago we put all these in place because
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01325-00278624-00278799 it's very important to be able to answer
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01326-00278800-00278999 this one question you know how will the
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01327-00279000-00279095 token
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01328-00279096-00279334 hold or increase its value when you look
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01329-00279335-00279623 at 25 other crypto projects out there
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01330-00279624-00279855 that use word of mouth to spread their
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01331-00279856-00280119 project they're all going to be the same
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01332-00280120-00280271 you're going to ask them what are you
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01333-00280272-00280447 going to do to increase the value well
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01334-00280448-00280582 they're all going to tell you we're
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01335-00280583-00280734 going to teach our people how to do
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01336-00280735-00280919 trading and the only thing that's going
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01337-00280920-00281071 to happen and we've seen so many
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01338-00281072-00281223 projects do this
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01339-00281224-00281319 on the
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01340-00281320-00281558 scheduled date of the listing everybody
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01341-00281559-00281830 goes over everybody sells and the price
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01342-00281831-00282143 plummets it's not the way to do it
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01343-00282144-00282334 so the six strategies that we put in
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01344-00282335-00282534 place over one year ago when we first
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01345-00282535-00282751 started this was one
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01346-00282752-00282975 is to do minting and have lives
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01347-00282976-00283343 basically to mimic bitcoin bitcoins 21
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01348-00283344-00283655 million ours is 210 billion
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01349-00283656-00283927 and we're doing the 210 million over a
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01350-00283928-00284103 15-year period
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01351-00284104-00284382 our very first half-life will be in
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01352-00284383-00284543 november
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01353-00284544-00284847 we also implemented a 48-hour rule this
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01354-00284848-00285047 was a way of implementing to highly
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01355-00285048-00285230 incentivize and reward members for
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01356-00285231-00285406 holding the tokens instead of
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01357-00285407-00285687 withdrawing if you need 300
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01358-00285688-00285910 we wanted to incentivize you maybe cash
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01359-00285911-00286119 out your eterium maybe cash out your
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01360-00286120-00286206 tron
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01361-00286207-00286534 versus doing the uh cashing out your ppm
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01362-00286535-00286710 because what will happen is you're gonna
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01363-00286711-00286871 hit withdrawal
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01364-00286872-00287095 48 hours will go by then you'll be able
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01365-00287096-00287358 to withdraw and then you can restake but
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01366-00287359-00287606 during those 48 hours which is going to
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01367-00287607-00287799 be 96 cycles
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01368-00287800-00288071 you will not receive any rewards for 96
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01369-00288072-00288191 cycles
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01370-00288192-00288375 it's a it's definitely a deterrent and
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01371-00288376-00288558 it's also a definitely reward mechanism
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01372-00288559-00288751 to keep people staking and for them to
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01373-00288752-00288958 earn higher rewards
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01374-00288959-00289175 defy and staking we've talked about the
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01375-00289176-00289439 punk panda farm the website's set up
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01376-00289440-00289591 everybody's going to be able to do
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01377-00289592-00289863 everything directly on the web 3 page
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01378-00289864-00290071 and we have many programs that are set
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01379-00290072-00290351 up for instance the country of india
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01380-00290352-00290630 they love to stake for more than two
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01381-00290631-00290895 years to receive higher percentages
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01382-00290896-00291047 ladies and gentlemen every time somebody
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01383-00291048-00291206 states whether it's for three months or
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01384-00291207-00291430 for two years or for three years those
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01385-00291431-00291582 are tokens that are taken out of
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01386-00291583-00291727 circulation
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01387-00291728-00291910 lower the supply
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01388-00291911-00292087 increase the demand would you go to the
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01389-00292088-00292295 next slide marcus
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01390-00292296-00292558 we also have the company buyback
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01391-00292559-00292823 every every utility that we have that
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01392-00292824-00292967 creates red
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01393-00292968-00293143 revenue and that's one of the great
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01394-00293144-00293303 things about this is if you stand back
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01395-00293304-00293447 and you said you know what what if we
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01396-00293448-00293671 weren't a crypto program what if we were
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01397-00293672-00293910 based on eot
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01398-00293911-00294127 what would we look like we'd be a highly
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01399-00294128-00294334 successful company because zoom is on
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01400-00294335-00294447 for beyond
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01401-00294448-00294799 uh uh many many companies uh dream 11
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01402-00294800-00295054 the crypto uh the sports fantasy app
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01403-00295055-00295327 it's it's based on fiat so we would be
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01404-00295328-00295543 very successful if we were just fiat so
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01405-00295544-00295758 these things that generate real revenue
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01406-00295759-00295910 in the future we're going to be taking
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01407-00295911-00296103 three percent of those and putting them
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01408-00296104-00296287 into a buy back wallet
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01409-00296288-00296447 further reducing the supply that's in
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01410-00296448-00296575 circulation
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01411-00296576-00296719 and then we have the token lock and
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01412-00296720-00296951 withdrawal limits we did not build this
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01413-00296952-00297191 program for somebody to jump in you know
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01414-00297192-00297430 on month one buying at 10 cents and then
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01415-00297431-00297623 on month two they're selling at a dollar
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01416-00297624-00297879 and everybody else is losing their money
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01417-00297880-00298095 all the founders the ambassador founders
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01418-00298096-00298367 contributors anybody that bought doing a
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01419-00298368-00298527 they have their tokens locked for a
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01420-00298528-00298663 period of time
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01421-00298664-00298999 and we have a withdrawal schedule that
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01422-00299000-00299263 cannot be more than one percent 30 days
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01423-00299264-00299406 after the listing
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01424-00299407-00299606 and when people see that they say oh my
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01425-00299607-00299830 goodness this this is going to work this
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01426-00299831-00300119 is going to be one of those programs
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01427-00300120-00300351 that's going to survive the listing and
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01428-00300352-00300567 just keep getting increasingly stronger
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01429-00300568-00300782 each and every passing month and then
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01430-00300783-00301015 finally we have so many case utilities
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01431-00301016-00301206 as craig talked about and as marcus has
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01432-00301207-00301391 talked about we have so many different
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01433-00301392-00301639 case utilities where it's not necessary
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01434-00301640-00301847 just to take the token and run over and
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01435-00301848-00302006 sell it there's many places where you'll
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01436-00302007-00302182 be able to use it for things that you're
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01437-00302183-00302334 going to do anyway
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01438-00302335-00302479 and i think with that what i'm going to
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01439-00302480-00302719 do now is i hope you understand all six
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01440-00302720-00302910 of these reasons that we can hold and
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01441-00302911-00303063 increase the value i'm going to turn it
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01442-00303064-00303343 back to our c uh ceo
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01443-00303344-00303558 tw dawson so you can go ahead and give
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01444-00303559-00303703 us any closing thoughts that you might
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01445-00303704-00303823 have
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01446-00303824-00303999 thank you everybody have a wonderful day
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01447-00304000-00304223 wonderful night actually um just before
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01448-00304224-00304463 twu wrap up i just want to put a big
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01449-00304464-00304815 shout out to our cto azeem khan he's
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01450-00304816-00305030 running a team of over a dozen different
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01451-00305031-00305343 tech and developers um which go from our
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01452-00305344-00305599 panda app right over to our panda 11
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01453-00305600-00305758 sports fantasy app those guys are
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01454-00305759-00305934 working around the clock and they're
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01455-00305935-00306127 delivering these incredible products and
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01456-00306128-00306327 services that we all get to benefit from
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01457-00306328-00306558 just not just now but also in the future
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01458-00306559-00306734 on top of that we have telegram
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01459-00306735-00306854 moderators
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01460-00306855-00307030 that monitor our telegram and our
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01461-00307031-00307327 discord 24 hours a day it doesn't matter
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01462-00307328-00307471 where you are around the world if you
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01463-00307472-00307663 jump into our telegram group you're
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01464-00307664-00307839 going to get a response because we have
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01465-00307840-00308127 people monitoring that telegram group 24
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01466-00308128-00308327 hours a day and you know i just want to
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01467-00308328-00308495 reiterate one last thing that albert
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01468-00308496-00308775 touched on and that is our token lock
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01469-00308776-00308999 you know so many great projects they
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01470-00309000-00309191 list their token and the token price
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01471-00309192-00309454 goes mad and then it pumps through the
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01472-00309455-00309630 floor and one of the big reasons this
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01473-00309631-00309743 happens
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01474-00309744-00309934 is because people who bought cheap
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01475-00309935-00310127 tokens during the pre-sale before it
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01476-00310128-00310319 ever hit the market or people who
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01477-00310320-00310534 actually are the company owners founders
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01478-00310535-00310703 and corporate people they've got a whole
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01479-00310704-00310934 stack of tokens that they were given
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01480-00310935-00311119 and when they see that the token price
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01481-00311120-00311319 going really well they just go and dump
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01482-00311320-00311510 a whole bunch of their tokens
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01483-00311511-00311703 and they kill the project
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01484-00311704-00311895 anybody that's bought tokens during our
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01485-00311896-00312127 pre-sale even if they wanted to sell
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01486-00312128-00312310 every single token
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01487-00312311-00312487 every time it was available would take
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01488-00312488-00312703 them 17 months
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01489-00312704-00312903 to be able to sell tokens they purchased
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01490-00312904-00313103 in the pre-sale starting out with one
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01491-00313104-00313310 percent in months two two percent three
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01492-00313311-00313551 percent and so on from our side the
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01493-00313552-00313775 corporate founders the corporate staff
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01494-00313776-00313975 the advisors our tokens are locked for
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01495-00313976-00314143 two and a half years
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01496-00314144-00314351 right so people looking at this project
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01497-00314352-00314606 don't have to be fearful that big token
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01498-00314607-00314767 holders are just going to dump tokens
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01499-00314768-00314991 because it literally is impossible it
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01500-00314992-00315230 cannot happen so with that thanks to all
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01501-00315231-00315487 our speakers tonight tw i will throw
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01502-00315488-00315630 over to you to close out the
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01503-00315631-00315919 presentation thank you
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01504-00315920-00316134 thank you everyone this has been one of
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01505-00316135-00316263 the best
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01506-00316264-00316487 showcases i've ever been a part of i am
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01507-00316488-00316719 so excited i just want to just just give
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01508-00316720-00316958 you one thing to think about this is a
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01509-00316959-00317151 long-term project anybody who's looking
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01510-00317152-00317295 at this project for the first time will
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01511-00317296-00317439 see this video right before the listing
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01512-00317440-00317582 and want to know whether you should
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01513-00317583-00317782 invest at this time with the market the
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01514-00317783-00317903 way it is
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01515-00317904-00318087 what makes a company
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01516-00318088-00318367 survive the market is the usage the
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01517-00318368-00318599 ability to provide value to the market
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01518-00318600-00318799 and to the members that's what we have
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01519-00318800-00318910 there's so many people that are
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01520-00318911-00319071 discouraged in this market right now
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01521-00319072-00319247 that have stuck their head in the sand
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01522-00319248-00319351 and they're running for the hills
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01523-00319352-00319510 waiting for the bull market to start up
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01524-00319511-00319727 again but not us what we're doing is
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01525-00319728-00319958 we're taking advantage of this time like
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01526-00319959-00320167 mike said and educating ourselves
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01527-00320168-00320343 building our networks building our
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01528-00320344-00320575 experiences getting our skills up and
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01529-00320576-00320823 building our punk panda businesses we
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01530-00320824-00320991 what we want
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01531-00320992-00321303 our company we want our company to allow
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01532-00321304-00321503 people to embrace the new way to do
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01533-00321504-00321679 crypto we
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01534-00321680-00321958 get to use it share it and own it model
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01535-00321959-00322206 not just the community not just pandas
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01536-00322207-00322430 not just a token but a risk-free
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01537-00322431-00322654 opportunity that would allow us to
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01538-00322655-00322791 benefit
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01539-00322792-00323095 from this big change from this big
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01540-00323096-00323382 transfer of wealth bigger than that.com
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01541-00323383-00323647 era i believe so listen if you haven't
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01542-00323648-00323775 done it already
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01543-00323776-00324063 go to the app store download the app
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01544-00324064-00324271 use it start sharing it start
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01545-00324272-00324519 accumulating assets right away if you
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01546-00324520-00324854 haven't done it already go to the ios
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01547-00324855-00325191 app store download panda 11
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01548-00325192-00325487 or if you're on android go to panda 11
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01549-00325488-00325823 no panda 11 dot io and get the app from
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01550-00325824-00326063 there start using the games start
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01551-00326064-00326295 earning crypto from there and then guess
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01552-00326296-00326606 what in about 48 hours from now you will
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01553-00326607-00326910 be and everybody else will be able to go
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01554-00326911-00327206 to pancake swap and purchase
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01555-00327207-00327575 punk panda tokens ppm for the first time
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01556-00327576-00327815 listen if you've ever had a dream of
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01557-00327816-00328054 changing your financial future if you've
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01558-00328055-00328351 ever had any ambition in life what you
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01559-00328352-00328630 know is that you need to know this
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01560-00328631-00328878 people make money in a bull market
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01561-00328879-00328951 but
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01562-00328952-00329158 millionaires are created in the bear
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01563-00329159-00329247 market
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01564-00329248-00329510 i believe that if you get these tokens
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01565-00329511-00329791 get them hold them stake them
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01566-00329792-00329943 and guess what
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01567-00329944-00330143 the next bull run
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01568-00330144-00330382 i promise you there will be millionaires
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01569-00330383-00330567 that are being made from projects like
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01570-00330568-00330806 this including punk panda thank you
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01571-00330807-00331063 everybody we love you guys we're signing
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01572-00331064-00331278 off have a good evening have a good day
+4QVzGUL_qKQ-01573-00331279-00331772 have a good afternoon thank you guys bye
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00000-00000000-00000617 I think out of all the masks that I have
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00001-00000618-00000877 made this is my third different pattern
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00002-00000878-00001154 I love I love this one the best I think
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00003-00001155-00001609 it's the easiest one this is the me see
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00004-00001610-00001851 if I can find it on here on the website
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00005-00001852-00002521 but this one's pretty easy this is the
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00006-00002522-00002822 it's the one from the CDC or from the
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00007-00002823-00002996 clinic I've I don't know which one but
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00008-00002997-00003467 it has the it has the pockets for the
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00009-00003468-00003797 different kinds of filters and then the
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00010-00003797-00003944 best thing that I'm doing is just the
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00011-00003945-00004236 elastic this is the girls is elastic
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00012-00004237-00004711 that I'm using I want to see if I can
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00013-00004712-00004859 find I have other ones but they're like
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00014-00004860-00005033 different color but this one is for
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00015-00005034-00005218 happy for the military because he got
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00016-00005219-00005429 called in to help with the military so
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00017-00005430-00006002 he needs an awl what is going on oh my
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00018-00006003-00007173 gosh
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00019-00007175-00008151 Danielle BF charts okay
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00020-00008152-00008814 [Music]
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00021-00008815-00009421 yet the tokidoki style but it's the Lily
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00022-00009422-00009803 something lily baby that we had gotten
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00023-00009804-00010487 for her
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00024-00010488-00010875 she's gonna break your back open the
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00025-00010876-00013458 door let me see what is this I got
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00026-00013459-00013646 something growing on my stomach
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00027-00013647-00013980 Danika deal I are you comfy or not
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00028-00013981-00014319 really she's just hanging
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00029-00014319-00014522 does it hurt her no he's like when I get
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00030-00014523-00014718 tired of going for walks I want dad to
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00031-00014719-00015126 bring this well she's about 37 pounds
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00032-00015127-00015654 and that's up to 45 look what they came
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00033-00015655-00017010 down with the two of them up to 45
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00034-00017011-00017577 pounds and she's about 37 37 37 I know
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00035-00017578-00017822 there's probably no balloon so it's
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00036-00017823-00018623 helium mom
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00037-00018624-00019954 [Music]
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00038-00019955-00020085 [Music]
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00039-00020086-00020497 [Laughter]
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00040-00020498-00020943 what is this this is my tape because he
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00041-00020944-00021311 needs a haircut that didn't look right I
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00042-00021312-00021444 should have made the fest instead of the
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00043-00021445-00022011 head alright I just got done making a
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00044-00022012-00022394 mask for him to bring to the the
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00045-00022395-00022611 military so I made it all black for him
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00046-00022612-00022992 and then the girls are Hawaiian theme so
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00047-00022993-00023166 that's the pattern I really like so I
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00048-00023167-00023322 think I'm gonna I know I made in the
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00049-00023323-00023496 game but I want to show you guys so in
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00050-00023497-00023652 case you're still wanting to make a mass
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00051-00023653-00024000 I really like this pattern so I'll do a
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00052-00024001-00024138 video of it wait
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00053-00024139-00024321 I want to tidy up before I do your hair
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00054-00024322-00024738 babe yeah and I feel so horrible worthy
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00055-00024739-00024944 going for a walk
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00056-00024945-00025275 what's your mass Danielle and then when
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00057-00025276-00025563 she has the one inside but look at our
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00058-00025564-00025931 view the water so there's barely anybody
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00059-00025932-00026575 here we haven't walked in here and night
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00060-00026576-00027089 we don't need to be shy just because you
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00061-00027089-00028033 see somebody to know there's the water
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00062-00028035-00028286 there's the fairies first don't work in
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00063-00028287-00028690 oh look at the wisteria I love that look
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00064-00028691-00028964 up the purple one I love how you guys
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00065-00028964-00029212 can see I love how Asterius like climb
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00066-00029213-00029669 over yeah oh my God my face itches climb
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00067-00029670-00030094 over the like that trellis but they have
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00068-00030095-00030387 pretty
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00069-00030388-00030981 [Music]
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00070-00030982-00031210 we're gonna go walk around the
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00071-00031211-00031423 waterfront we're wearing our masks so
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00072-00031424-00031579 Danielle's walking with her boyfriend I
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00073-00031580-00032838 have to be six feet apart
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00074-00032839-00033262 that was pretty uh I don't know grin
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00075-00033263-00033772 cover but we went all the way around huh
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00076-00033773-00033922 took a little bit of pictures of the
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00077-00033923-00034423 water and then forgot to vlog at this
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00078-00034424-00035092 tree we have this in the backyard oh so
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00079-00035093-00035595 pretty all right how to make dinner
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00080-00035596-00036187 finished cleaning my studio oh all right
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00081-00036188-00036916 friends hello all right yes they've been
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00082-00036917-00037336 waiting for delivery so there then this
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00083-00037337-00037594 is how we do our door deliveries throw
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00084-00037595-00038065 them Danny yeah we don't touch it oh yes
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00085-00038066-00038275 jumping up what is that a camera
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00086-00038276-00038590 okay go spray it first oh why would
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00087-00038591-00038821 Danny Danny come over here I'll do it
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00088-00038822-00039376 because of the wind yeah and then my app
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00089-00039377-00039796 my cherry tree is having a that's uh
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00090-00039797-00040192 kind of I just bring it I know friends
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00091-00040193-00040494 you might say it's over happening but
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00092-00040495-00041644 when you have kids I sucked all right I
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00093-00041645-00042090 know and it was camera it's like all
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00094-00042091-00042700 broken Jonathas like I'll open up the
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00095-00042701-00042969 electro and they left my stem ha ha ha
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00096-00042970-00043348 Danica you wanna kick it here did they
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00097-00043349-00043525 love my Stampin Up box there they're
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00098-00043526-00043726 like that's not important Danielle show
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00099-00043727-00044110 us your shorts first of all she has
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00100-00044111-00044323 shorts and they show us your sweatshirt
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00101-00044324-00044668 Oh your hair is in the way Western
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00102-00044669-00045105 Washington Viking she got her sweatshirt
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00103-00045106-00045386 and she's eating her breakfast which is
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00104-00045387-00045939 honeydew all right I have a huge stamp
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00105-00045940-00046143 enough Paul to show with you guys this
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00106-00046144-00046302 is just where I put my mail it's in this
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00107-00046303-00047658 little tub finally oh my gosh and still
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00108-00047659-00048057 friends my pink light has not arrived
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00109-00048058-00048390 it's still in backorder so but I got
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00110-00048391-00048552 these for the kids and then I got them
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00111-00048553-00048909 light as well and this is what the the
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00112-00048910-00049137 main console so Jonathan you know how to
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00113-00049138-00050991 set it up because it's portable so and
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00114-00050992-00051264 then when you attach it to the dose then
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00115-00051265-00052925 you're able to what are those ones oh
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00116-00052926-00053283 these are the extra ones Oh gotcha so
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00117-00053284-00053445 then for four players okay perfect I got
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00118-00053446-00053748 four kids right away and then the the
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00119-00053749-00054000 lights will be shipping in any time
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00120-00054001-00054459 that's four right oh and then let's go
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00121-00054460-00054954 show them the game so we've had the
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00122-00054954-00055257 games for weeks because in anticipation
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00123-00055258-00055512 that we're gonna go ahead and you know
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00124-00055513-00055698 get a lighter console so this one was
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00125-00055699-00055935 mine so I've had this since it's like
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00126-00055936-00056160 I'm April nope
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00127-00056161-00056358 March the end of March like the first
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00128-00056359-00056579 week after it was released but like I
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00129-00056580-00056775 said I had I wanted a pink one and you
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00130-00056776-00056961 could pre-order it was supposed to be
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00131-00056962-00057162 delivered April 6 until now it's still
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00132-00057163-00057444 back ordered this one so this one what's
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00133-00057445-00057687 this one the Odyssey and then this one
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00134-00057688-00058044 is the cart and then oh wow see it
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00135-00058045-00058266 website is going to be smaller so this
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00136-00058266-00058404 is the actual console so I don't
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00137-00058404-00058557 you guys want the light or just keep
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00138-00058558-00058725 waiting for a console okay before we
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00139-00058726-00059411 open up the light okay and did you get a
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00140-00059412-00059712 low have friends I'm just adjusting my
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00141-00059713-00060015 table but I'm super excited super super
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00142-00060016-00060219 excited to share with you guys a video
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00143-00060220-00060636 today that I'm doing with Stampin it's a
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00144-00060637-00060825 it's going to be a Stampin Up haul I am
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00145-00060826-00061226 a new stepping up demonstrator I'm so
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00146-00061227-00061301 excited
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00147-00061302-00061494 as you guys can tell by my voice you
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00148-00061495-00061655 know I can never hide anything with you
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00149-00061657-00062253 guys this is so real la la I told God
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00150-00062254-00062544 happy I'm like oh nice red black but uh
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00151-00062545-00062665 we are doing
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00152-00062666-00063085 [Music]
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00153-00063086-00063413 jo-ann's I ordered some cellphone Joanne
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00154-00063414-00063623 so we're doing a curbside pickup I don't
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00155-00063624-00063722 want to go inside
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00156-00063723-00064031 can we can we go inside our Japan tour
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00157-00064032-00064238 they're just clothes I read your answers
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00158-00064239-00064535 just clothes but I went ahead and made
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00159-00064536-00064799 another mask but I've been seriously out
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00160-00064800-00065030 of me last night the last one I showed
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00161-00065031-00065271 you guys is some hobbies were you know
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00162-00065272-00065567 it ties around and then this one was
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00163-00065568-00065796 tying around I did not like it because
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00164-00065797-00066155 it's just too much what I call this let
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00165-00066156-00066362 me just put it on because I can't do it
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00166-00066363-00066582 but ham
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00167-00066583-00067389 where's Mike
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00168-00067390-00067599 okay yep I think that's the chick-fil-a
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00169-00067600-00067874 line
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00170-00067875-00068124 everybody's out getting chick-fil-a no
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00171-00068125-00068214 what was I thinking
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00172-00068215-00068393 oh by Stampin Up I'm just excited
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00173-00068394-00068732 because it's just like the lines there
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00174-00068733-00069093 is there more line orange car is the end
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00175-00069094-00069300 I think you can do a bit these are
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00176-00069301-00069482 people at Lowe's people doing home
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00177-00069483-00069768 improvements yeah see probably was
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00178-00069769-00070287 worried they'll go by really quick I'll
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00179-00070288-00070622 just talk so that you don't get bored
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00180-00070623-00071118 but hobbies birthday is next week and I
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00181-00071119-00071399 keep asking happy what he wants for his
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00182-00071400-00071754 birthday present okay this is the line
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00183-00071755-00072069 for cable lines over there kind of but
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00184-00072070-00072291 it'll go bypass all right so heavy who
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00185-00072292-00072632 do you want for your birthday he just
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00186-00072633-00072944 got his uh Nintendo switch console I
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00187-00072945-00073245 just got my Nintendo station babe I told
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00188-00073246-00073532 you I got you the console for your
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00189-00073533-00073857 birthday oh actually it was our
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00190-00073858-00074139 anniversary but then got it it was on
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00191-00074140-00074406 pre-order that one was pre-order but
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00192-00074407-00074686 then got it
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00193-00074687-00075086 what other I what happened what do you
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00194-00075087-00076466 want for your bird is some research but
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00195-00076467-00076586 I'll surprise you
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00196-00076587-00077041 maybe I'll get you a stuffed animal I
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00197-00077042-00077200 told hubby
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00198-00077201-00077534 don't ever get me a stuffed animal damn
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00199-00077535-00077915 know it with chocolate no I don't know I
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00200-00077916-00078088 don't even need that I want plants
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00201-00078089-00078290 plants that will grow and survive and
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00202-00078291-00078779 and give me sake dozen roses no I don't
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00203-00078780-00079019 like ok so this is something that happy
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00204-00079020-00079262 knows about me I don't like flowers that
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00205-00079263-00079535 have been cut off I don't care if it's
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00206-00079536-00079796 Valentine's Day right you know I'll get
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00207-00079797-00080048 it once in a while heavy but Valentine's
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00208-00080049-00080387 Day for him to spend $80 on roses oh no
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00209-00080388-00080644 I'll get mad at him I think I did too
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00210-00080645-00080932 huh yeah I've got mad at him and I said
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00211-00080933-00081338 I said I do it's $80 and as beautiful as
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00212-00081339-00081623 it is now two days from now it's gonna
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00213-00081624-00081950 die out so that's $80 that's like down
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00214-00081951-00082181 the drain kind of thing I'd rather get
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00215-00082182-00082406 that's why for Valentine's Day like the
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00216-00082407-00082769 kids always get me um plants or plants I
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00217-00082770-00083003 love those because then I get use out of
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00218-00083004-00083225 them I can I can watch him grow I can
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00219-00083226-00083417 take care of them I still have that
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00220-00083418-00083621 plant though the one plant that we have
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00221-00083622-00084017 in the house which the red flowers he
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00222-00084018-00084167 bought that for me what two years ago
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00223-00084168-00084473 and it's still growing so and how much
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00224-00084474-00084893 was that 1999 1999 two years later and
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00225-00084894-00085168 it has blossomed a flower every single
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00226-00085169-00085426 day that that plant has never been just
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00227-00085427-00085721 green so I like
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00228-00085722-00085910 I want a different color of that Bay and
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00229-00085911-00086137 you can always get me another one two
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00230-00086138-00086348 hobbies playing his video game on the
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00231-00086349-00086777 phone but I want to do a video
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00232-00086778-00087152 oh my Stampin Up I'm excited for it
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00233-00087153-00087494 because I like I like to venture into
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00234-00087495-00087902 new things I get tired easily Bobby says
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00235-00087903-00088229 I get bored easily it's not like I was
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00236-00088230-00088361 doing photography I was doing real
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00237-00088362-00088487 estate I'm still gonna do real estate I
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00238-00088488-00088787 actually almost done with my class but I
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00239-00088788-00088982 still do photography but now it's just
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00240-00088983-00089416 for the family I'd still do sensi I
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00241-00089417-00089657 guess what friends I did not even tell
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00242-00089658-00090110 my friends back in my sensi team so I
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00243-00090111-00090715 started sensei September 2016 I was top
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00244-00090716-00091085 sales in our in our team and then our
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00245-00091086-00091307 team is random of like a hundred pony to
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00246-00091308-00091613 maybe 160 180 somewhere there you know
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00247-00091614-00091859 between because some age you know some
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00248-00091860-00092066 consultants come oncome all kind of
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00249-00092067-00092525 thing but I was the top in 2018 top-10 I
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00250-00092526-00092792 forgot what it was and then 2019 I was a
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00251-00092793-00093281 top 5 and then 20 I did I say 2018 top
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00252-00093282-00093479 five and then 2019 top five
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00253-00093480-00093899 so 20 17 18 19 and three years and I've
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00254-00093900-00094064 been a consultant for how long almost
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00255-00094065-00094742 four I'm excuse me that belong 2016 17
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00256-00094743-00095051 18 19 I'll be 20 I'll be four big over
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00257-00095052-00095327 four years in out of four years I've
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00258-00095328-00095674 gotten at top 10 3 times in the year
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00259-00095675-00095923 oh yeah yay for me Thank You friends
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00260-00095924-00096202 Mahalo friends thank you so much that's
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00261-00096203-00096886 you guys our support so we got fries
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00262-00096887-00097081 each of us got a meal because hubby
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00263-00097082-00097332 wanted is what kind of drink is that
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00264-00097333-00097765 coffee yeah and I wanted a soda but the
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00265-00097766-00097930 reason why we come in here but actually
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00266-00097931-00098046 you know what
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00267-00098047-00098215 KFC so if you guys don't have
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00268-00098216-00098512 chick-fil-a KFC actually is really good
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00269-00098513-00098767 too this is the chicken sandwich at no
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00270-00098768-00099115 not KFC Popeyes popeyes chicken sandwich
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00271-00099116-00099522 they know she's coming this way
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00272-00099523-00101017 so she's a there okay so this one is the
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00273-00101018-00101335 the reason why this chicken sandwich at
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00274-00101336-00101578 chick-fil-a is so good is their sauce
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00275-00101579-00101803 and then also for the fries oh my
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00276-00101804-00102040 goodness look at those fries Chris cut
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00277-00102041-00102282 fries and they're really nice too
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00278-00102283-00102379 because you don't have to worry about
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00279-00102380-00102519 really looking at your order because
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00280-00102520-00103003 they really they really take the time to
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00281-00103004-00103129 make sure that you have your order for
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00282-00103130-00103293 all right I don't think we've ever had
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00283-00103294-00103518 the wrong orders
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00284-00103519-00103908 from chick-fil-a but McNutt McDonald's
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00285-00103908-00104145 but even McDonald's but jack-in-the-box
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00286-00104146-00104255 oh my gosh
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00287-00104256-00104619 90% of the time our orders not right but
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00288-00104620-00105090 we're gonna go ahead and look at that
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00289-00105091-00105356 javi and I are just going for a little
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00290-00105357-00105702 little Drive
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00291-00105703-00106286 there's the ferry now usually this is to
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00292-00106288-00106476 go to the other Island this is usually
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00293-00106477-00106692 pack and now there's only two rows of
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00294-00106693-00107091 car and that's where the kids wants to
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00295-00107092-00107360 go later on I verse get some fish and
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00296-00107361-00108054 chips welcome welcome I film earlier
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00297-00108055-00108300 today I showed you guys how hubby and I
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00298-00108301-00108651 went to where did we go to chick-fil-a
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00299-00108652-00108954 yeah chick-fil-a and then we decided to
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00300-00108955-00109107 just turn back around and go to Home
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00301-00109108-00109296 Depot because he needed cement to do a
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00302-00109297-00109626 project is this there's a brown I got no
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00303-00109627-00110011 makeup on so excuse the face but we got
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00304-00110013-00110421 we got soil we got plans and then I
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00305-00110422-00110565 wanted to show you the area that I'm
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00306-00110566-00110786 currently working on because I am off
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00307-00110788-00111078 for a few days and he is working on the
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00308-00111079-00111390 steps for the cement and then I'll show
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00309-00111391-00111591 you the plants that I got oh my gosh
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00310-00111592-00111836 it's so pretty so well so I got ground
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00311-00111838-00112065 covered this was actually Costco so it's
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00312-00112066-00112194 been here for a few days
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00313-00112195-00112404 but this one is the Spanish lavender
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00314-00112405-00112644 this was like $15 over at Costco they
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00315-00112645-00112883 also had hostas that I ended up getting
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00316-00112884-00113196 over a Home Depot when we got the cement
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00317-00113197-00113410 but I should have picked up one from
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00318-00113411-00113667 Costco instead but I did not want to go
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00319-00113668-00113919 to another store so we try to avoid
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00320-00113920-00114183 stores as much as possible but look at
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00321-00114183-00114329 this there's nuts
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00322-00114330-00114709 isn't this one pretty this is the Azalea
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00323-00114710-00115149 let's see the name of it white lights
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00324-00115150-00115464 okay I've never seen an azalea this
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00325-00115465-00115728 color over here usually we get like the
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00326-00115729-00116016 the dark paint the light pink I do and
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00327-00116017-00116247 then the red so I do have the dark pink
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00328-00116248-00116517 and then the red that I purchased at
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00329-00116518-00116754 Costco last year and it is blossoming
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00330-00116755-00117114 really well so this is lemon mint and
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00331-00117115-00117330 they grow wild if you put them on the
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00332-00117331-00117533 ground so if you don't want it to be
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00333-00117534-00120354 wild put it on to one of these fish and
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00334-00120355-00120509 then walk around there a little bit I
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00335-00120510-00121060 get some good fresh air for the kids
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00336-00121061-00121524 Danny hasn't been outside when when did
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00337-00121525-00122229 she go outside oh it's real we're in the
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00338-00122230-00122936 car and got food and ice cream and they
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00339-00122938-00123134 haven't been out so we're gonna go ahead
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00340-00123135-00123383 and just drive where we walked with that
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00341-00123384-00123639 Danielle the other day go ahead and just
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00342-00123640-00123891 walk around see over here over here
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00343-00123892-00124092 they're beautifying the what he called
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00344-00124093-00124371 this bag the ferry yes and this is the
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00345-00124372-00124651 Train is that the train station
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00346-00124652-00125077 [Music]
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00347-00125078-00125341 right this is where hubby was taking
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00348-00125342-00125634 when he used to take the train the Train
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00349-00125635-00125806 and we would wait for him here when we
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00350-00125807-00125956 first came here and you guys watch the
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00351-00125957-00126510 vlog so then they beautify that
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00352-00126511-00126858 ah pretty that looks like that's where
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00353-00126859-00127099 the ferry is gonna come in and people
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00354-00127100-00127270 get off well that what that building
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00355-00127271-00127971 right there there's a train coming
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00356-00127972-00128221 this is where we took pictures yep
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00357-00128222-00128455 that's where you that's my picture up he
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00358-00128456-00128638 know his job and senior pictures and
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00359-00128639-00128932 then y'all saw homecoming with her once
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00360-00128933-00129576 a punch time old boyfriend
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00361-00129577-00131344 you got a question yes okay was that
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00362-00131345-00131493 question her she was sending us a story
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00363-00131494-00131677 what was the question
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00364-00131678-00131986 Oh what was that
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00365-00131987-00132825 that's the question we go outside
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00366-00132826-00132946 nothing
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00367-00132947-00133237 oh that's right is this train because my
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00368-00133238-00133953 battery's about to die nice I know Oh
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00369-00133954-00134275 Danielle's allergic to fish so she's got
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00370-00134276-00134482 to get all covered up but Jonathan was
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00371-00134483-00134695 craving Ivers she's like I've got
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00372-00134696-00135145 survivors Danica's vlog you go ahead and
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00373-00135146-00135409 vlog down the car oh but you gotta talk
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00374-00135410-00136405 from your vlog okay ended up heading
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00375-00136406-00136527 home
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00376-00136528-00136860 because they block the parking area plus
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00377-00136861-00137212 it started raining
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00378-00137213-00137449 so we're just gonna head home I got to
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00379-00137450-00137599 bring my hostas in because I think
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00380-00137600-00138066 you're gonna have a wiki stormy night
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00381-00138067-00139641 [Music]
+4S1ILQiCBdE-00382-00139642-00139849 you
+4V7bqbTWGuy-00000-00000094-00001320 [Music]
+4V7bqbTWGuy-00001-00001321-00001500 thank you
+4V7bqbTWGuy-00002-00001501-00002777 [Music]
+4V7bqbTWGuy-00003-00002778-00003415 [Music]
+4V7bqbTWGuy-00004-00003415-00003749 [Music]
+4V7bqbTWGuy-00005-00003750-00004002 foreign
+4V7bqbTWGuy-00006-00004003-00006529 [Music]
+4V7bqbTWGuy-00007-00006530-00007600 [Music]
+4V7bqbTWGuy-00008-00007601-00008104 [Music]
+4V7bqbTWGuy-00009-00008105-00008392 [Applause]
+4V7bqbTWGuy-00010-00008393-00010380 [Music]
+4V7bqbTWGuy-00011-00010381-00010980 [Music]
+4V7bqbTWGuy-00012-00010981-00011111 [Applause]
+4V7bqbTWGuy-00013-00011112-00012023 [Music]
+4V7bqbTWGuy-00014-00012024-00012094 foreign
+4V7bqbTWGuy-00015-00012095-00012129 [Applause]
+4V7bqbTWGuy-00016-00012130-00012820 [Music]
+4WbVQVKkn18-00000-00000048-00000311 welcome to physical chemistry tool in
+4WbVQVKkn18-00001-00000312-00000605 this lecture we will apply the
+4WbVQVKkn18-00002-00000606-00000778 relationships that we learned through
+4WbVQVKkn18-00003-00000779-00001116 the chemical potential to single
+4WbVQVKkn18-00004-00001117-00001474 substance and mixed phase systems and we
+4WbVQVKkn18-00005-00001475-00001648 will learn a little bit more about the
+4WbVQVKkn18-00006-00001650-00001984 significance of the chemical potential
+4WbVQVKkn18-00007-00001985-00002273 so with a chemical potential we have one
+4WbVQVKkn18-00008-00002274-00002465 of the most important quantities of
+4WbVQVKkn18-00009-00002466-00002795 chemical thermodynamics here yeah most
+4WbVQVKkn18-00010-00002796-00003005 of the conservations about thermal and
+4WbVQVKkn18-00011-00003006-00003238 chemical equilibrium equilibrium that
+4WbVQVKkn18-00012-00003239-00003503 follow yeah in the section will be
+4WbVQVKkn18-00013-00003504-00003790 carried out with the help of this
+4WbVQVKkn18-00014-00003792-00004115 relationship here yeah therefore we will
+4WbVQVKkn18-00015-00004116-00004379 first take a closer look at the
+4WbVQVKkn18-00016-00004380-00004643 properties of a chemical potential
+4WbVQVKkn18-00017-00004644-00005038 itself yeah so let us first assume that
+4WbVQVKkn18-00018-00005039-00005291 we have a pure homogeneous substance in
+4WbVQVKkn18-00019-00005292-00005622 an open system yeah when one of our
+4WbVQVKkn18-00020-00005623-00005902 Gibbs fundamental fundamental relations
+4WbVQVKkn18-00021-00005903-00006247 you have a change in free enthalpy DG
+4WbVQVKkn18-00022-00006248-00006610 here in equation 383
+4WbVQVKkn18-00023-00006611-00007025 changes pretty much to here equation 4.1
+4WbVQVKkn18-00024-00007026-00007498 yeah so that means DG equals minus s DT
+4WbVQVKkn18-00025-00007500-00007942 plus VDP plus mu DN
+4WbVQVKkn18-00026-00007943-00008219 yeah now with constant pressure and
+4WbVQVKkn18-00027-00008220-00008374 temperature
+4WbVQVKkn18-00028-00008375-00008723 we get uh here our our relationship
+4WbVQVKkn18-00029-00008724-00009071 reduces to Delta G over Delta n at
+4WbVQVKkn18-00030-00009072-00009253 constant pressure and temperature
+4WbVQVKkn18-00031-00009254-00009641 equals our chemical potential
+4WbVQVKkn18-00032-00009642-00009971 yeah so when we compare now our
+4WbVQVKkn18-00033-00009972-00010295 expression 4.2 yeah and our expression
+4WbVQVKkn18-00034-00010296-00010439 4.1
+4WbVQVKkn18-00035-00010440-00010774 we pretty much find that mu is
+4WbVQVKkn18-00036-00010775-00011021 numerically equal to the change
+4WbVQVKkn18-00037-00011022-00011441 yeah in free enthalpy of our system yeah
+4WbVQVKkn18-00038-00011442-00011777 if we added if we add to it uh one more
+4WbVQVKkn18-00039-00011778-00011963 mole of a substance
+4WbVQVKkn18-00040-00011964-00012346 yeah however we can also interpret here
+4WbVQVKkn18-00041-00012347-00012683 equation 4.2 that mu the chemical
+4WbVQVKkn18-00042-00012684-00013072 potential is equal to the molar free
+4WbVQVKkn18-00043-00013073-00013379 enthalpy of a substance
+4WbVQVKkn18-00044-00013380-00013780 yeah so we can now create an analogous
+4WbVQVKkn18-00045-00013781-00014093 set of dependencies for an open system
+4WbVQVKkn18-00046-00014094-00014513 here so that's our model system two
+4WbVQVKkn18-00047-00014513-00014694 yeah
+4WbVQVKkn18-00048-00014695-00015043 and this open system will contain
+4WbVQVKkn18-00049-00015044-00015449 several components yeah in that case our
+4WbVQVKkn18-00050-00015450-00015858 Gibbs fundamental relation here 3.83
+4WbVQVKkn18-00051-00015859-00016372 transforms to uh DG at constant pressure
+4WbVQVKkn18-00052-00016373-00016643 temperature is the sum over all comical
+4WbVQVKkn18-00053-00016644-00016972 potentials times dni so it means that is
+4WbVQVKkn18-00054-00016973-00017291 of a chemical potential of one yeah and
+4WbVQVKkn18-00055-00017292-00017861 the molar fraction here DNR dn1 times mu
+4WbVQVKkn18-00056-00017862-00018185 2 dn2 plus so on and so on yeah and with
+4WbVQVKkn18-00057-00018186-00018479 K components we've got finally mu K
+4WbVQVKkn18-00058-00018480-00018797 times DNK
+4WbVQVKkn18-00059-00018798-00019379 yeah so it's all equation 4.3
+4WbVQVKkn18-00060-00019380-00019541 yeah
+4WbVQVKkn18-00061-00019542-00019619 um
+4WbVQVKkn18-00062-00019620-00019919 and we get now also a general expression
+4WbVQVKkn18-00063-00019920-00020219 yeah for the chemical potential of
+4WbVQVKkn18-00064-00020220-00020699 components ni yeah so that's given here
+4WbVQVKkn18-00065-00020700-00020969 so the numerical value yeah all this
+4WbVQVKkn18-00066-00020970-00021239 chemical potential mu I
+4WbVQVKkn18-00067-00021240-00021443 of component I
+4WbVQVKkn18-00068-00021444-00021767 would then be given simply by the change
+4WbVQVKkn18-00069-00021768-00022036 in free enthalpy of a system yeah when
+4WbVQVKkn18-00070-00022037-00022294 one mole of component I is added to it
+4WbVQVKkn18-00071-00022295-00022427 yeah
+4WbVQVKkn18-00072-00022428-00022763 however essentially since mu I is
+4WbVQVKkn18-00073-00022764-00022967 concentration dependent you have a
+4WbVQVKkn18-00074-00022968-00023314 composition of a phase must not change
+4WbVQVKkn18-00075-00023315-00023633 in the process yeah this means uh that
+4WbVQVKkn18-00076-00023634-00023908 we would either have to add one mole of
+4WbVQVKkn18-00077-00023909-00024169 component I to a very large yeah
+4WbVQVKkn18-00078-00024170-00024467 theoretically infinite amount of a phase
+4WbVQVKkn18-00079-00024468-00024821 yeah or we would have to calculate the
+4WbVQVKkn18-00080-00024822-00025350 change in G caused by one mole yeah
+4WbVQVKkn18-00081-00025351-00025684 from the change in Gauss by a very small
+4WbVQVKkn18-00082-00025685-00025931 amount of dni yeah so this would be
+4WbVQVKkn18-00083-00025932-00026158 fairly tricky
+4WbVQVKkn18-00084-00026160-00026495 so equation 4.3 gives us now the change
+4WbVQVKkn18-00085-00026495-00026855 of free enthalpy DG yeah at constant
+4WbVQVKkn18-00086-00026856-00027043 pressure and temperature
+4WbVQVKkn18-00087-00027044-00027508 if we vary the amounts of substance dni
+4WbVQVKkn18-00088-00027510-00027839 yeah so we'll now try to give a free
+4WbVQVKkn18-00089-00027839-00028061 enthalpy of a mixed phase you know of
+4WbVQVKkn18-00090-00028062-00028289 certain pressure temperature and eye as
+4WbVQVKkn18-00091-00028289-00028499 a function of Ni
+4WbVQVKkn18-00092-00028500-00028757 yeah so for this purpose let's first
+4WbVQVKkn18-00093-00028758-00029117 consider within our entire system a
+4WbVQVKkn18-00094-00029118-00029411 limited subsystem yeah for which the
+4WbVQVKkn18-00095-00029412-00029746 free enthalpy has a value GT and the
+4WbVQVKkn18-00096-00029747-00030046 mass quantities have a values uh value
+4WbVQVKkn18-00097-00030047-00030443 uh your values and it yeah so when we
+4WbVQVKkn18-00098-00030444-00030689 expand this subsystem here yeah to the
+4WbVQVKkn18-00099-00030689-00031001 entire system we essentially get here
+4WbVQVKkn18-00100-00031002-00031146 via integration
+4WbVQVKkn18-00101-00031147-00031414 for the increase of free enthalpy at
+4WbVQVKkn18-00102-00031416-00031708 constant temperature pressure and
+4WbVQVKkn18-00103-00031710-00031987 chemical potential yeah we can do this
+4WbVQVKkn18-00104-00031988-00032401 calculation here and we can substitute
+4WbVQVKkn18-00105-00032402-00032902 ni over N1 as beta1 yeah so it looks a
+4WbVQVKkn18-00106-00032903-00033173 little bit more neat we essentially get
+4WbVQVKkn18-00107-00033174-00033574 by integration our equation 4.4 and 4.5
+4WbVQVKkn18-00108-00033575-00033827 yeah so we essentially go from GT we
+4WbVQVKkn18-00109-00033828-00034031 have let's see free enthalpy of our
+4WbVQVKkn18-00110-00034032-00034409 confined subsystem to G yeah so within
+4WbVQVKkn18-00111-00034410-00034801 our entire system them yeah DG at PT
+4WbVQVKkn18-00112-00034802-00035290 equals the sum of mu I times beta I yeah
+4WbVQVKkn18-00113-00035291-00035645 and the integral between n1t yes with
+4WbVQVKkn18-00114-00035646-00035855 the starting Mass quantity so now a
+4WbVQVKkn18-00115-00035856-00036161 confined subsystem 2n1 we have the
+4WbVQVKkn18-00116-00036162-00036443 entire uh amount of substances in the
+4WbVQVKkn18-00117-00036444-00036821 system yeah integrate this over dn1
+4WbVQVKkn18-00118-00036822-00037012 yeah
+4WbVQVKkn18-00119-00037013-00037229 so for this we essentially get here we
+4WbVQVKkn18-00120-00037230-00037427 just plug in the numbers pretty much
+4WbVQVKkn18-00121-00037428-00037757 that's G minus GT yeah at constant
+4WbVQVKkn18-00122-00037758-00038068 pressure temperature is the sum of the
+4WbVQVKkn18-00123-00038069-00038524 chemical potential I times n i minus n i
+4WbVQVKkn18-00124-00038525-00038867 t yeah why do we do a substitution well
+4WbVQVKkn18-00125-00038868-00039245 because this gives us a nicer integrals
+4WbVQVKkn18-00126-00039246-00039605 okay so if we now uh make our initial
+4WbVQVKkn18-00127-00039606-00039899 system so small yeah but it tends to
+4WbVQVKkn18-00128-00039900-00040493 zero yeah then we get GT goes uh goes uh
+4WbVQVKkn18-00129-00040494-00040823 to zero and nit have a mass quantities
+4WbVQVKkn18-00130-00040824-00041212 also go to zero yes with our totals for
+4WbVQVKkn18-00131-00041213-00041440 our total system yeah we get then
+4WbVQVKkn18-00132-00041441-00041562 equation
+4WbVQVKkn18-00133-00041563-00041807 4.6 yeah
+4WbVQVKkn18-00134-00041808-00042046 so if all these quantities go to zero
+4WbVQVKkn18-00135-00042047-00042251 plug zeros in here yeah we essentially
+4WbVQVKkn18-00136-00042252-00042551 get G at constant pressure and
+4WbVQVKkn18-00137-00042552-00042737 temperature is the sum of all the
+4WbVQVKkn18-00138-00042738-00043085 chemical potentials I times uh the mass
+4WbVQVKkn18-00139-00043086-00043312 quantities ni
+4WbVQVKkn18-00140-00043313-00043439 yeah
+4WbVQVKkn18-00141-00043440-00043745 so these relationships are super useful
+4WbVQVKkn18-00142-00043746-00043889 and you will see that in the workshop
+4WbVQVKkn18-00143-00043890-00044143 examples because now we can pretty much
+4WbVQVKkn18-00144-00044144-00044495 unambiguously determine the state uh of
+4WbVQVKkn18-00145-00044496-00044723 a mixed phase Yeah by specifying the
+4WbVQVKkn18-00146-00044724-00044921 amounts of substance
+4WbVQVKkn18-00147-00044922-00045190 and the chemical potentials yeah for a
+4WbVQVKkn18-00148-00045191-00045412 given pressure and temperature
+4WbVQVKkn18-00149-00045413-00045655 so consider again A system
+4WbVQVKkn18-00150-00045656-00046030 that consists of a pure homogeneous
+4WbVQVKkn18-00151-00046031-00046277 substance yeah it fixed pressure and
+4WbVQVKkn18-00152-00046278-00046385 temperature
+4WbVQVKkn18-00153-00046386-00046780 and let us assume that the chemical
+4WbVQVKkn18-00154-00046781-00047087 potential is not the same at all points
+4WbVQVKkn18-00155-00047088-00047585 of a phase yeah but uh it is uh mu a
+4WbVQVKkn18-00156-00047586-00048046 yeah and part A and mu B in Part B yeah
+4WbVQVKkn18-00157-00048047-00048574 so if we now transfer DNA mold yeah from
+4WbVQVKkn18-00158-00048575-00048743 A to B
+4WbVQVKkn18-00159-00048744-00048905 we would expect
+4WbVQVKkn18-00160-00048906-00049205 a change from a free enthalpy yeah and
+4WbVQVKkn18-00161-00049206-00049337 this is essentially given here in
+4WbVQVKkn18-00162-00049338-00049673 equation 4.7 yeah so we we transfer a
+4WbVQVKkn18-00163-00049674-00050039 DNA mole yeah from part A to Part B of
+4WbVQVKkn18-00164-00050040-00050327 the same substance yeah but at different
+4WbVQVKkn18-00165-00050328-00050686 potential so we get DG equals mu B minus
+4WbVQVKkn18-00166-00050687-00050896 mu a times DNA
+4WbVQVKkn18-00167-00050897-00051065 all right
+4WbVQVKkn18-00168-00051066-00051316 so now we haven't said anything about
+4WbVQVKkn18-00169-00051317-00051508 the relative magnitudes you know the
+4WbVQVKkn18-00170-00051509-00051796 chemical potentials A and B so we can
+4WbVQVKkn18-00171-00051797-00052049 now consider mind you purely
+4WbVQVKkn18-00172-00052050-00052246 mathematically yeah we can consider
+4WbVQVKkn18-00173-00052247-00052553 these three cases yeah so if a chemical
+4WbVQVKkn18-00174-00052554-00052780 potential a is larger than the chemical
+4WbVQVKkn18-00175-00052782-00053026 potential B yeah and follows from this
+4WbVQVKkn18-00176-00053027-00053447 relationship that uh DG must be smaller
+4WbVQVKkn18-00177-00053448-00053891 than zero yeah if a chemical potential a
+4WbVQVKkn18-00178-00053891-00054137 is smaller than the chemical potential B
+4WbVQVKkn18-00179-00054138-00054479 yeah when DG is larger than zero yeah
+4WbVQVKkn18-00180-00054479-00054844 and finally in the case that mu a equals
+4WbVQVKkn18-00181-00054845-00055325 mu B yeah then DG is also uh uh is equal
+4WbVQVKkn18-00182-00055326-00055630 to zero yeah so now you will remember
+4WbVQVKkn18-00183-00055632-00055919 from our lecture on equilibria I think
+4WbVQVKkn18-00184-00055920-00056292 yeah that DG can tell us something about
+4WbVQVKkn18-00185-00056294-00056597 spontaneity and equilibrium the constant
+4WbVQVKkn18-00186-00056598-00056765 pressure and temperature yeah well we
+4WbVQVKkn18-00187-00056766-00057041 essentially are right now so in the
+4WbVQVKkn18-00188-00057041-00057271 third case yeah this would essentially
+4WbVQVKkn18-00189-00057272-00057676 correspond to equilibrium yeah so this
+4WbVQVKkn18-00190-00057677-00058480 the third case that's equilibrium
+4WbVQVKkn18-00191-00058482-00058697 uh it doesn't quite fit in there does
+4WbVQVKkn18-00192-00058698-00058966 this so let's write it just beneath yeah
+4WbVQVKkn18-00193-00058967-00059819 so this is equilibrium
+4WbVQVKkn18-00194-00059820-00060059 okay
+4WbVQVKkn18-00195-00060060-00060376 in the second case yeah what DG equal uh
+4WbVQVKkn18-00196-00060377-00060742 is uh positive yeah we know this is
+4WbVQVKkn18-00197-00060744-00060988 thermodynamically impossible
+4WbVQVKkn18-00198-00060989-00061163 yeah
+4WbVQVKkn18-00199-00061164-00061457 so in other words a substance cannot
+4WbVQVKkn18-00200-00061458-00061792 spontaneously transition from areas of
+4WbVQVKkn18-00201-00061794-00062044 lower chemical potential yeah to areas
+4WbVQVKkn18-00202-00062045-00062369 of higher chemical potential yeah in the
+4WbVQVKkn18-00203-00062370-00062830 first case yeah DG smaller than zero
+4WbVQVKkn18-00204-00062832-00062963 yeah
+4WbVQVKkn18-00205-00062964-00063244 this would correspond to a spontaneous
+4WbVQVKkn18-00206-00063245-00064637 process
+4WbVQVKkn18-00207-00064638-00064973 so in other words a substance passes
+4WbVQVKkn18-00208-00064974-00065242 spontaneously from areas of higher
+4WbVQVKkn18-00209-00065244-00065543 chemical potential yeah to areas of
+4WbVQVKkn18-00210-00065544-00065794 lower chemical potential yeah and this
+4WbVQVKkn18-00211-00065795-00065969 will happen until the chemical
+4WbVQVKkn18-00212-00065970-00066226 Potentials in both areas are balanced
+4WbVQVKkn18-00213-00066227-00066406 yeah and when the chemical potentials
+4WbVQVKkn18-00214-00066407-00066641 are balanced yeah then we automatically
+4WbVQVKkn18-00215-00066642-00067006 hear in case three
+4WbVQVKkn18-00216-00067007-00067337 yeah and we have reached equilibrium all
+4WbVQVKkn18-00217-00067338-00067432 right
+4WbVQVKkn18-00218-00067433-00067667 so let's just bring in the next bit of a
+4WbVQVKkn18-00219-00067668-00067805 slide here so this is essentially now
+4WbVQVKkn18-00220-00067806-00067961 here summarizing it
+4WbVQVKkn18-00221-00067962-00068159 a little bit
+4WbVQVKkn18-00222-00068160-00068273 yeah
+4WbVQVKkn18-00223-00068274-00068561 so we have now a very
+4WbVQVKkn18-00224-00068562-00068794 yeah spontaneous Mass transfer only from
+4WbVQVKkn18-00225-00068795-00068987 areas of higher mu to areas of low
+4WbVQVKkn18-00226-00068988-00069221 immune yeah so now we have a very
+4WbVQVKkn18-00227-00069222-00069538 descriptive interpretation of this
+4WbVQVKkn18-00228-00069539-00069881 obscure quantity mu yeah compare this to
+4WbVQVKkn18-00229-00069882-00070109 the flow of electric current yeah under
+4WbVQVKkn18-00230-00070110-00070367 the gradient of the electric potential
+4WbVQVKkn18-00231-00070368-00070703 yeah overflow of water yeah according to
+4WbVQVKkn18-00232-00070704-00070913 the level gradient of a Terrain yeah
+4WbVQVKkn18-00233-00070914-00071213 going from high to low all the gas flows
+4WbVQVKkn18-00234-00071214-00071375 through the pipes Under Pressure
+4WbVQVKkn18-00235-00071376-00071626 gradient yeah and like so the mass
+4WbVQVKkn18-00236-00071627-00071813 transfer in a thermodynamic system
+4WbVQVKkn18-00237-00071814-00072179 occurs only under a gradient of a
+4WbVQVKkn18-00238-00072180-00072371 chemical potentially and we've seen this
+4WbVQVKkn18-00239-00072372-00072605 concept in action already yeah where
+4WbVQVKkn18-00240-00072606-00072832 we're considering effusion and diffusion
+4WbVQVKkn18-00241-00072833-00073037 yeah which you all should remember from
+4WbVQVKkn18-00242-00073038-00073187 previous lectures
+4WbVQVKkn18-00243-00073188-00073463 okay so this is not only valid for Mass
+4WbVQVKkn18-00244-00073464-00073679 transfer with a pure homogeneous phase
+4WbVQVKkn18-00245-00073680-00073906 yeah we're learning the general cases
+4WbVQVKkn18-00246-00073907-00074297 but it's also true yeah for transition
+4WbVQVKkn18-00247-00074298-00074549 for the transition from one phase to
+4WbVQVKkn18-00248-00074550-00074915 another yeah so equilibrium between the
+4WbVQVKkn18-00249-00074916-00075073 phases
+4WbVQVKkn18-00250-00075074-00075235 exists
+4WbVQVKkn18-00251-00075236-00075706 uh yeah when DG at constant pressure and
+4WbVQVKkn18-00252-00075707-00076006 temperature is zero
+4WbVQVKkn18-00253-00076007-00076829 yeah so that means mu a equals mu B yeah
+4WbVQVKkn18-00254-00076830-00077021 and um
+4WbVQVKkn18-00255-00077022-00077309 a spontaneous process yeah like a
+4WbVQVKkn18-00256-00077310-00077621 transition of a substance from one phase
+4WbVQVKkn18-00257-00077622-00078106 to the other can only happen when DG at
+4WbVQVKkn18-00258-00078107-00078293 constant pressure and temperature is
+4WbVQVKkn18-00259-00078294-00078538 smaller than zero yeah now let's
+4WbVQVKkn18-00260-00078539-00078826 consider two more cases yeah so what's
+4WbVQVKkn18-00261-00078827-00079169 happening when mu a is larger than mu B
+4WbVQVKkn18-00262-00079170-00079493 yeah if it's a spontaneous process
+4WbVQVKkn18-00263-00079494-00079835 what does it mean yeah it means that DNA
+4WbVQVKkn18-00264-00079836-00080105 must be smaller than zero yeah
+4WbVQVKkn18-00265-00080106-00080243 so what does this mean for the
+4WbVQVKkn18-00266-00080244-00080525 transition yeah we essentially get
+4WbVQVKkn18-00267-00080526-00080855 a transition yeah remember the phase
+4WbVQVKkn18-00268-00080856-00081293 diagrams yeah transition
+4WbVQVKkn18-00269-00081294-00081694 from A to B
+4WbVQVKkn18-00270-00081695-00081815 yeah
+4WbVQVKkn18-00271-00081816-00082150 and the opposite case mu a is smaller
+4WbVQVKkn18-00272-00082151-00082432 than mu B again if it's a spontaneous
+4WbVQVKkn18-00273-00082433-00082829 process DG is smaller than zero yeah
+4WbVQVKkn18-00274-00082830-00083332 from this follows DNA must be oh there
+4WbVQVKkn18-00275-00083333-00083621 is a mistake here sorry about this
+4WbVQVKkn18-00276-00083622-00083903 yeah so this should be larger than zero
+4WbVQVKkn18-00277-00083904-00084143 now yeah so
+4WbVQVKkn18-00278-00084144-00084371 careful with that yeah so that means
+4WbVQVKkn18-00279-00084372-00084509 essentially here
+4WbVQVKkn18-00280-00084510-00084787 we would have in a spontaneous process
+4WbVQVKkn18-00281-00084788-00085103 add transition
+4WbVQVKkn18-00282-00085104-00085367 from B
+4WbVQVKkn18-00283-00085368-00085799 2A yeah so if you find that confusing
+4WbVQVKkn18-00284-00085800-00086032 yeah essentially take these
+4WbVQVKkn18-00285-00086033-00086249 considerations open the notes on our
+4WbVQVKkn18-00286-00086250-00086459 face Transitions and see whether you can
+4WbVQVKkn18-00287-00086460-00086669 apply them there yeah so this is
+4WbVQVKkn18-00288-00086670-00087094 absolutely generally applicable
+4WbVQVKkn18-00289-00087095-00087347 so in Dynamic processes yeah we can
+4WbVQVKkn18-00290-00087348-00087623 express Gibbs fundamental relations here
+4WbVQVKkn18-00291-00087624-00087881 yeah in terms of a reaction coordinate
+4WbVQVKkn18-00292-00087882-00088049 or reaction coefficient you have
+4WbVQVKkn18-00293-00088050-00088397 reaction time zy yeah as seen here an
+4WbVQVKkn18-00294-00088398-00088703 equation 4.8 so it's dni equals v i
+4WbVQVKkn18-00295-00088704-00089159 times D PSI yeah so we get uh um
+4WbVQVKkn18-00296-00089160-00089344 essentially our fundamental relation
+4WbVQVKkn18-00297-00089345-00089615 simply become here 4.9 by direct
+4WbVQVKkn18-00298-00089616-00089849 substitutions here we get d a equals
+4WbVQVKkn18-00299-00089850-00090275 minus s DT minus pdv as seen before and
+4WbVQVKkn18-00300-00090276-00090611 now we plug in 4.8 is the sum of VI
+4WbVQVKkn18-00301-00090612-00090815 times mu I times our reaction
+4WbVQVKkn18-00302-00090816-00091199 coefficient and same goes for DG yeah so
+4WbVQVKkn18-00303-00091200-00091565 we get minus sdt plus VDP plus the sum
+4WbVQVKkn18-00304-00091566-00092009 over of VI times mu I and times the
+4WbVQVKkn18-00305-00092010-00092273 change in reaction coefficient
+4WbVQVKkn18-00306-00092274-00092656 okay so from this follows simply by
+4WbVQVKkn18-00307-00092657-00092959 integration you have the quantities
+4WbVQVKkn18-00308-00092960-00093335 Delta a and Delta G are except for the
+4WbVQVKkn18-00309-00093336-00093629 sine the reversible work performed
+4WbVQVKkn18-00310-00093630-00093862 during a chemical reaction excluding the
+4WbVQVKkn18-00311-00093863-00094079 volume work mind you you know because
+4WbVQVKkn18-00312-00094080-00094367 we're working here at constant volume or
+4WbVQVKkn18-00313-00094368-00094594 constant pressure respectively
+4WbVQVKkn18-00314-00094595-00094806 yeah so now compare
+4WbVQVKkn18-00315-00094807-00095117 the expression for Delta G we got here
+4WbVQVKkn18-00316-00095118-00095476 yeah with one for the chemical potential
+4WbVQVKkn18-00317-00095477-00095788 we got previously yeah now it's the same
+4WbVQVKkn18-00318-00095789-00096035 trick which we applied previously yeah
+4WbVQVKkn18-00319-00096036-00096575 so whatever holds true for DG yeah at
+4WbVQVKkn18-00320-00096576-00096797 constant pressure and temperature must
+4WbVQVKkn18-00321-00096798-00097132 also obviously apply to Delta G over
+4WbVQVKkn18-00322-00097133-00097493 Delta zai yeah at constant pressure at
+4WbVQVKkn18-00323-00097494-00097679 temperature yeah
+4WbVQVKkn18-00324-00097680-00098044 so we essentially get here our
+4WbVQVKkn18-00325-00098045-00098200 expression for the free reaction
+4WbVQVKkn18-00326-00098201-00098411 enthalpy at constant pressure and
+4WbVQVKkn18-00327-00098412-00098699 temperature so Delta G at concentration
+4WbVQVKkn18-00328-00098700-00099112 temperature equals Delta Delta G over
+4WbVQVKkn18-00329-00099113-00099532 Delta Psi At Con at P constant p t yeah
+4WbVQVKkn18-00330-00099533-00099953 and this is quite obviously equal to v i
+4WbVQVKkn18-00331-00099954-00100247 times mu I
+4WbVQVKkn18-00332-00100248-00100571 yeah and now again
+4WbVQVKkn18-00333-00100572-00101188 we can apply our considerations for uh
+4WbVQVKkn18-00334-00101189-00101555 Delta G yeah so Delta G at constant
+4WbVQVKkn18-00335-00101556-00101818 pressure and temperature is zero
+4WbVQVKkn18-00336-00101819-00102100 yeah when we have chemical equilibrium
+4WbVQVKkn18-00337-00102101-00102413 yeah and we've seen now we have the
+4WbVQVKkn18-00338-00102414-00102749 chemical reaction can only take place
+4WbVQVKkn18-00339-00102750-00103127 yeah if Delta G is smaller than zero
+4WbVQVKkn18-00340-00103128-00103630 yeah but this also means you have the uh
+4WbVQVKkn18-00341-00103631-00103918 um chemical reaction can only take place
+4WbVQVKkn18-00342-00103919-00104201 under a gradient of a chemical potential
+4WbVQVKkn18-00343-00104202-00104410 yeah
+4WbVQVKkn18-00344-00104411-00104675 so with me and this is because of this
+4WbVQVKkn18-00345-00104676-00105107 sum yeah or v i times mu I yeah the sum
+4WbVQVKkn18-00346-00105108-00105377 of a chemical potential potentials of
+4WbVQVKkn18-00347-00105378-00105719 reaction products and starting materials
+4WbVQVKkn18-00348-00105720-00105893 um multiplied by the stoichiometric
+4WbVQVKkn18-00349-00105894-00106301 factors must be smaller than zero
+4WbVQVKkn18-00350-00106302-00106528 so now we've familiarized ourselves with
+4WbVQVKkn18-00351-00106529-00106757 the meaning of a chemical potential yeah
+4WbVQVKkn18-00352-00106758-00106973 it's essentially a gradient and that'll
+4WbVQVKkn18-00353-00106974-00107243 give us some idea about when equilibrium
+4WbVQVKkn18-00354-00107244-00107428 comes about
+4WbVQVKkn18-00355-00107429-00107884 um and uh when processes are spontaneous
+4WbVQVKkn18-00356-00107885-00108234 into in which direction they go yeah
+4WbVQVKkn18-00357-00108235-00108649 so now uh we must consider our
+4WbVQVKkn18-00358-00108650-00108875 relationships yeah of a chemical
+4WbVQVKkn18-00359-00108876-00109163 potential to other thermodynamic
+4WbVQVKkn18-00360-00109164-00109410 quantities yeah so according to our
+4WbVQVKkn18-00361-00109411-00109786 equation 4.2 here yeah for a chemical
+4WbVQVKkn18-00362-00109788-00110116 potential for pure substance yeah this
+4WbVQVKkn18-00363-00110117-00110416 chemical potential for pure substance is
+4WbVQVKkn18-00364-00110417-00110731 identical yeah with a molar free
+4WbVQVKkn18-00365-00110732-00111089 enthalpg of a substance yeah
+4WbVQVKkn18-00366-00111090-00111515 so small chemical potential yeah or pure
+4WbVQVKkn18-00367-00111516-00111797 substance it's identical to the molar
+4WbVQVKkn18-00368-00111798-00112139 free enthalpy small G of this particular
+4WbVQVKkn18-00369-00112140-00112265 substance
+4WbVQVKkn18-00370-00112266-00112390 yeah
+4WbVQVKkn18-00371-00112391-00112649 so it is uh it means the chemical
+4WbVQVKkn18-00372-00112650-00112925 potential is simply a function yeah of
+4WbVQVKkn18-00373-00112926-00113158 any given temperature and pressure
+4WbVQVKkn18-00374-00113159-00113393 now for the Mixed phase yeah according
+4WbVQVKkn18-00375-00113394-00113675 to our equation 4.3 the chemical
+4WbVQVKkn18-00376-00113676-00114202 potential yeah mu I
+4WbVQVKkn18-00377-00114203-00114533 um of component I is identical to the
+4WbVQVKkn18-00378-00114533-00114904 partial molar free enthalpy DG yeah all
+4WbVQVKkn18-00379-00114905-00115181 this component and so it depends not
+4WbVQVKkn18-00380-00115182-00115384 only on temperature and pressure yeah
+4WbVQVKkn18-00381-00115385-00115607 but it also depends on all the other
+4WbVQVKkn18-00382-00115608-00115804 concentrations here of all other
+4WbVQVKkn18-00383-00115805-00116063 components yeah so this makes things a
+4WbVQVKkn18-00384-00116064-00116254 little bit difficult so now if we
+4WbVQVKkn18-00385-00116255-00116483 consider the temperature and pressure
+4WbVQVKkn18-00386-00116483-00116693 dependency of the chemical potential
+4WbVQVKkn18-00387-00116694-00116963 yeah this this dependencies are
+4WbVQVKkn18-00388-00116964-00117293 identical to the dependencies of a molar
+4WbVQVKkn18-00389-00117294-00117557 free enthalpy for a pure substance yeah
+4WbVQVKkn18-00390-00117558-00117839 if we have a mixed phase yeah the same
+4WbVQVKkn18-00391-00117840-00118019 relationships hold we have we
+4WbVQVKkn18-00392-00118020-00118169 consistently replace from molar
+4WbVQVKkn18-00393-00118170-00118408 quantities with a partial molar
+4WbVQVKkn18-00394-00118409-00118597 quantities yeah
+4WbVQVKkn18-00395-00118598-00118960 so in this we can State here yeah in
+4WbVQVKkn18-00396-00118961-00119278 4.15 so this looks fairly complex what
+4WbVQVKkn18-00397-00119279-00119584 we essentially use our relations that we
+4WbVQVKkn18-00398-00119585-00119802 derived previously here plug all this in
+4WbVQVKkn18-00399-00119803-00120107 and we've seen this term already yeah
+4WbVQVKkn18-00400-00120108-00120473 Delta G of delta T at constant p p is
+4WbVQVKkn18-00401-00120474-00120808 essentially minus s yeah the entropy of
+4WbVQVKkn18-00402-00120809-00121145 this process so and this essentially is
+4WbVQVKkn18-00403-00121146-00121595 coming out as the entropy of component I
+4WbVQVKkn18-00404-00121596-00121757 yeah
+4WbVQVKkn18-00405-00121758-00122045 so how do we get there well we are
+4WbVQVKkn18-00406-00122046-00122266 essentially use all these derivatives
+4WbVQVKkn18-00407-00122267-00122536 yeah fundamental relations
+4WbVQVKkn18-00408-00122538-00122797 plug them in okay so now remember
+4WbVQVKkn18-00409-00122798-00123119 essentially that the Expressions yeah
+4WbVQVKkn18-00410-00123120-00123323 for pressure and temperature dependence
+4WbVQVKkn18-00411-00123324-00123731 of a free enthalpy that we derived in
+4WbVQVKkn18-00412-00123732-00123965 previous lecture seven yeah so this is
+4WbVQVKkn18-00413-00123966-00124325 here given in this darker box
+4WbVQVKkn18-00414-00124326-00124690 yeah we can now use them to derive the
+4WbVQVKkn18-00415-00124691-00124973 pressure and temperature dependence yeah
+4WbVQVKkn18-00416-00124974-00125254 of a chemical potential
+4WbVQVKkn18-00417-00125255-00125543 so let's look at this
+4WbVQVKkn18-00418-00125544-00125777 there we go yeah so what does that mean
+4WbVQVKkn18-00419-00125778-00126202 yeah an equation 4.16
+4WbVQVKkn18-00420-00126203-00126545 yeah this this relationships uh
+4WbVQVKkn18-00421-00126546-00126899 relationship here allows us to calculate
+4WbVQVKkn18-00422-00126900-00127175 the chemical potential yeah for any
+4WbVQVKkn18-00423-00127176-00127313 temperature
+4WbVQVKkn18-00424-00127314-00127528 at constant pressure
+4WbVQVKkn18-00425-00127529-00127793 yeah if we have a chemical potential at
+4WbVQVKkn18-00426-00127794-00128147 a specific temperature one yeah and the
+4WbVQVKkn18-00427-00128148-00128423 entropy of a substance here as a
+4WbVQVKkn18-00428-00128424-00128657 function of temperature then we can just
+4WbVQVKkn18-00429-00128658-00128890 plug that into the equation and solve
+4WbVQVKkn18-00430-00128891-00129101 for the unknown chemical potential at
+4WbVQVKkn18-00431-00129102-00129334 temperature 2. and you will see this in
+4WbVQVKkn18-00432-00129335-00129707 application so what about equation 4.17
+4WbVQVKkn18-00433-00129708-00129940 yeah well that allows us to calculate
+4WbVQVKkn18-00434-00129941-00130307 the chemical potential yeah for any
+4WbVQVKkn18-00435-00130308-00130595 given pressure again at constant
+4WbVQVKkn18-00436-00130596-00130852 temperature and given that we know the
+4WbVQVKkn18-00437-00130853-00131243 chemical potential yeah at a certain
+4WbVQVKkn18-00438-00131244-00131464 pressure yeah preferably the standard
+4WbVQVKkn18-00439-00131465-00131579 pressure
+4WbVQVKkn18-00440-00131580-00131633 [Music]
+4WbVQVKkn18-00441-00131634-00131735 um
+4WbVQVKkn18-00442-00131736-00131981 yeah and the pressure dependence of a
+4WbVQVKkn18-00443-00131982-00132245 molar volume yeah so you might have seen
+4WbVQVKkn18-00444-00132246-00132557 already yeah the notation
+4WbVQVKkn18-00445-00132558-00132845 for standard pressure yeah so we will
+4WbVQVKkn18-00446-00132846-00133181 Circle back to that in the next slides
+4WbVQVKkn18-00447-00133182-00133378 so standard
+4WbVQVKkn18-00448-00133379-00133619 quantities are denoted with this little
+4WbVQVKkn18-00449-00133620-00134051 circle yeah so for standard pressure we
+4WbVQVKkn18-00450-00134052-00134183 would essentially get the following
+4WbVQVKkn18-00451-00134184-00134369 notation
+4WbVQVKkn18-00452-00134370-00134519 okay
+4WbVQVKkn18-00453-00134520-00135007 so let's do some example applications of
+4WbVQVKkn18-00454-00135008-00135419 these uh dependency equations here on
+4WbVQVKkn18-00455-00135420-00135707 the next slide so we'll try this out for
+4WbVQVKkn18-00456-00135708-00136019 uh the case of a pure ideal gas and a
+4WbVQVKkn18-00457-00136020-00136240 pure real gas we'll start out with the
+4WbVQVKkn18-00458-00136241-00136528 first case you have the ideal gas so we
+4WbVQVKkn18-00459-00136529-00136775 will only deal with pure substances in
+4WbVQVKkn18-00460-00136776-00137189 both cases yeah let's consider now uh
+4WbVQVKkn18-00461-00137190-00137519 for the for the ideal gas yeah so
+4WbVQVKkn18-00462-00137520-00137921 essentially from equation 4.17
+4WbVQVKkn18-00463-00137922-00138335 yeah follows our equation 4.18 yeah so
+4WbVQVKkn18-00464-00138336-00138551 essentially uh
+4WbVQVKkn18-00465-00138552-00138839 um the integral uh of a chemical
+4WbVQVKkn18-00466-00138840-00139175 potential pressure one to a chemical
+4WbVQVKkn18-00467-00139176-00139583 potential pressure uh P2 yeah of D mu
+4WbVQVKkn18-00468-00139584-00140033 equals to uh integral between P1 and P2
+4WbVQVKkn18-00469-00140034-00140309 of VDP
+4WbVQVKkn18-00470-00140310-00140543 yeah so we essentially take this
+4WbVQVKkn18-00471-00140544-00140777 relationship here and essentially
+4WbVQVKkn18-00472-00140778-00141071 transfer DP over here and then do the
+4WbVQVKkn18-00473-00141072-00141197 integrals
+4WbVQVKkn18-00474-00141198-00141509 yeah so now we can essentially
+4WbVQVKkn18-00475-00141510-00141754 substitute uh
+4WbVQVKkn18-00476-00141755-00142114 um the molar volume here V yeah using
+4WbVQVKkn18-00477-00142115-00142523 the ideal gas law yeah PV equals nrt
+4WbVQVKkn18-00478-00142524-00142649 um
+4WbVQVKkn18-00479-00142650-00142990 yeah so we essentially get uh here our
+4WbVQVKkn18-00480-00142991-00143399 equation 4.919 so we since we're already
+4WbVQVKkn18-00481-00143400-00143609 dealing with a molar volume so this is V
+4WbVQVKkn18-00482-00143610-00143866 divided by small n yeah we essentially
+4WbVQVKkn18-00483-00143867-00144299 get here uh this integral of D mu equals
+4WbVQVKkn18-00484-00144300-00144697 RT times the integral between P1 and P2
+4WbVQVKkn18-00485-00144698-00145216 of 1 PDP yeah and this is uh essentially
+4WbVQVKkn18-00486-00145217-00145690 RT yeah between P1 and P2 of d l and P
+4WbVQVKkn18-00487-00145691-00146002 all right and equivalent yeah we can
+4WbVQVKkn18-00488-00146003-00146254 essentially solve this here we get uh
+4WbVQVKkn18-00489-00146255-00146590 chemical potential or adds pressure 2
+4WbVQVKkn18-00490-00146591-00146771 minus chemical potential pressure one
+4WbVQVKkn18-00491-00146772-00147340 equals RT times the log between of the
+4WbVQVKkn18-00492-00147341-00147664 quotient of the two pressures
+4WbVQVKkn18-00493-00147665-00147964 yeah so now let's substitute uh the
+4WbVQVKkn18-00494-00147965-00148271 standard pressure yeah for P1
+4WbVQVKkn18-00495-00148272-00148619 yeah so we can essentially now get uh
+4WbVQVKkn18-00496-00148620-00148864 write the chemical potential of the
+4WbVQVKkn18-00497-00148865-00149202 ideal gas at any pressure p yeah as
+4WbVQVKkn18-00498-00149203-00149483 chemical potential equals the standard
+4WbVQVKkn18-00499-00149484-00149854 chemical potential plus RT times LNP
+4WbVQVKkn18-00500-00149855-00150166 over P standard yeah super useful
+4WbVQVKkn18-00501-00150167-00150449 equation yeah you'll see and you'll get
+4WbVQVKkn18-00502-00150450-00150904 to use that in the workshop questions
+4WbVQVKkn18-00503-00150905-00151133 so in the second case we consider real
+4WbVQVKkn18-00504-00151134-00151475 gas yeah so we must substitute the molar
+4WbVQVKkn18-00505-00151476-00151801 volume here in equation 417 by the
+4WbVQVKkn18-00506-00151802-00152051 applicable thermal equation of State
+4WbVQVKkn18-00507-00152052-00152321 yeah now uh you haven't encountered this
+4WbVQVKkn18-00508-00152322-00152519 yet but we've seen already when we are
+4WbVQVKkn18-00509-00152520-00152849 dealing with ideal gas behavior yeah
+4WbVQVKkn18-00510-00152850-00153047 there are some differences between the
+4WbVQVKkn18-00511-00153048-00153149 gases
+4WbVQVKkn18-00512-00153150-00153490 so uh the ideal gas law is called so PV
+4WbVQVKkn18-00513-00153491-00153731 equals nrt is called so for a reason
+4WbVQVKkn18-00514-00153732-00154109 yeah so this is the essentially a more
+4WbVQVKkn18-00515-00154110-00154397 correct description of gases which
+4WbVQVKkn18-00516-00154398-00154654 applies to real gases is given here by
+4WbVQVKkn18-00517-00154655-00154925 this virial equation yeah so this is
+4WbVQVKkn18-00518-00154926-00155140 essentially PV equals nrt so it's only
+4WbVQVKkn18-00519-00155141-00155526 the first variable coefficient yeah plus
+4WbVQVKkn18-00520-00155527-00155873 nbp plus NCP squared and so on and so on
+4WbVQVKkn18-00521-00155874-00156373 yeah so uh we can essentially truncate
+4WbVQVKkn18-00522-00156374-00156701 this entire equation a little bit Yeah
+4WbVQVKkn18-00523-00156702-00156989 by just including the second varial
+4WbVQVKkn18-00524-00156990-00157181 coefficient yeah so the second real
+4WbVQVKkn18-00525-00157182-00157469 coefficient is B in this case and this
+4WbVQVKkn18-00526-00157470-00157728 will give us already a relationship
+4WbVQVKkn18-00527-00157729-00158071 between volume and temperature yeah
+4WbVQVKkn18-00528-00158072-00158454 and the amount of sample to a sufficient
+4WbVQVKkn18-00529-00158455-00158866 degree of accuracy and this will hold
+4WbVQVKkn18-00530-00158867-00159064 true for many examples which you might
+4WbVQVKkn18-00531-00159065-00159509 encounter in the real world okay so the
+4WbVQVKkn18-00532-00159510-00159989 first term uh RT yeah as you said as we
+4WbVQVKkn18-00533-00159990-00160211 said you know this from the ideal gas
+4WbVQVKkn18-00534-00160212-00160469 laws of What's called the first the real
+4WbVQVKkn18-00535-00160470-00160799 coefficient you had n and and BP is the
+4WbVQVKkn18-00536-00160800-00161314 second varial coefficient Okay so
+4WbVQVKkn18-00537-00161315-00161639 um now we get instead of our
+4WbVQVKkn18-00538-00161640-00161939 uh equation 419 which you saw in the
+4WbVQVKkn18-00539-00161940-00162101 previous slide here when we plug in for
+4WbVQVKkn18-00540-00162102-00162628 Vi we get the following here for uh 23
+4WbVQVKkn18-00541-00162629-00162964 yeah V equals RT over P plus b yeah so
+4WbVQVKkn18-00542-00162965-00163216 if we plug this into
+4WbVQVKkn18-00543-00163217-00163409 um if we do essentially be integrals
+4WbVQVKkn18-00544-00163410-00163804 again yeah we get here yeah equals RT
+4WbVQVKkn18-00545-00163805-00164249 yeah integral between P1 and P2 dlnp
+4WbVQVKkn18-00546-00164250-00164699 plus b integral between P1 and P2 DP
+4WbVQVKkn18-00547-00164700-00165071 yeah and accordingly yeah we get the
+4WbVQVKkn18-00548-00165072-00165293 chemical potential the pressure two yeah
+4WbVQVKkn18-00549-00165294-00165449 minus the chemical potential pressure
+4WbVQVKkn18-00550-00165450-00165995 one equals RT Ln P2 over P1 yeah plus
+4WbVQVKkn18-00551-00165996-00166295 yeah the second viral coefficient times
+4WbVQVKkn18-00552-00166296-00166523 P2 minus P1
+4WbVQVKkn18-00553-00166524-00166901 yeah so now we can again substitute our
+4WbVQVKkn18-00554-00166902-00167459 standard pressure p uh um for P1 yeah
+4WbVQVKkn18-00555-00167460-00167669 and we can write the chemical potential
+4WbVQVKkn18-00556-00167670-00168047 of a real gas at any pressure p yeah
+4WbVQVKkn18-00557-00168048-00168299 again super useful equation a note here
+4WbVQVKkn18-00558-00168300-00168671 uh the way how this definition goes
+4WbVQVKkn18-00559-00168672-00168937 um the second variable coefficient yeah
+4WbVQVKkn18-00560-00168938-00169247 times the standard pressure is equal to
+4WbVQVKkn18-00561-00169248-00169601 zero yeah so it means if we choose a p
+4WbVQVKkn18-00562-00169602-00169954 uh two which is not too far away uh from
+4WbVQVKkn18-00563-00169955-00170231 a standard pressure yeah and essentially
+4WbVQVKkn18-00564-00170232-00170531 it's efficiently low with this uh
+4WbVQVKkn18-00565-00170532-00170890 um this BP where is it
+4WbVQVKkn18-00566-00170891-00171113 yeah but essentially the yeah in this
+4WbVQVKkn18-00567-00171114-00171545 integral yeah uh if we plug in P1 for P1
+4WbVQVKkn18-00568-00171546-00171749 our standard pressure you have an
+4WbVQVKkn18-00569-00171750-00172066 automatically with multiplication here B
+4WbVQVKkn18-00570-00172067-00172439 times P2 and B times P standard yeah
+4WbVQVKkn18-00571-00172440-00172751 this term will fall away yeah so we get
+4WbVQVKkn18-00572-00172752-00172907 for our
+4WbVQVKkn18-00573-00172908-00173033 um
+4WbVQVKkn18-00574-00173034-00173416 chemical potential here uh is equal to
+4WbVQVKkn18-00575-00173417-00173831 standard chemical potential plus RT LNP
+4WbVQVKkn18-00576-00173832-00174209 over P0 plus BP
+4WbVQVKkn18-00577-00174210-00174557 yeah so again super useful equation from
+4WbVQVKkn18-00578-00174558-00174754 which we now can derive a chemical
+4WbVQVKkn18-00579-00174755-00175109 potential of a real gas add any pressure
+4WbVQVKkn18-00580-00175110-00175276 p
+4WbVQVKkn18-00581-00175277-00175589 so now we see that for real gases yeah
+4WbVQVKkn18-00582-00175590-00175804 we get a different result of a chemical
+4WbVQVKkn18-00583-00175805-00176123 potential you have it in the case for
+4WbVQVKkn18-00584-00176124-00176381 the ideal gas yeah now of course the
+4WbVQVKkn18-00585-00176382-00176657 ideal gas relationship is much easier to
+4WbVQVKkn18-00586-00176658-00176825 work with yeah so for thermodynamic
+4WbVQVKkn18-00587-00176826-00177125 calculations it would be desirable yeah
+4WbVQVKkn18-00588-00177126-00177443 if we could convert this slightly
+4WbVQVKkn18-00589-00177444-00177725 cumbersome equation here to something
+4WbVQVKkn18-00590-00177726-00177976 which looks a bit more like this
+4WbVQVKkn18-00591-00177977-00178337 yeah so this is only possible really if
+4WbVQVKkn18-00592-00178338-00178469 we introduce
+4WbVQVKkn18-00593-00178470-00178733 um a corrected pressure we have a real
+4WbVQVKkn18-00594-00178734-00179021 gas so let's call this corrected
+4WbVQVKkn18-00595-00179022-00179309 pressure fugacity yeah and give it the
+4WbVQVKkn18-00596-00179310-00179701 uh symbol FG yeah so you will find this
+4WbVQVKkn18-00597-00179702-00180119 uh vocabulary in in some textbooks and
+4WbVQVKkn18-00598-00180120-00180364 some problems in particular in in
+4WbVQVKkn18-00599-00180365-00180773 engineering yeah so fugacity is chosen
+4WbVQVKkn18-00600-00180774-00180835 um
+4WbVQVKkn18-00601-00180836-00181183 such as uh described here in equation
+4WbVQVKkn18-00602-00181184-00181559 4.27 yeah so we get event essentially uh
+4WbVQVKkn18-00603-00181560-00181933 when we plug this in yeah uh we we get
+4WbVQVKkn18-00604-00181934-00182273 uh the real chemical potential is equal
+4WbVQVKkn18-00605-00182274-00182537 to the standard chemical potential plus
+4WbVQVKkn18-00606-00182538-00183035 RT times Ln the fugacity over standard
+4WbVQVKkn18-00607-00183036-00183131 pressure
+4WbVQVKkn18-00608-00183132-00183263 yeah
+4WbVQVKkn18-00609-00183264-00183701 so now relation between the fugacity and
+4WbVQVKkn18-00610-00183702-00184037 the real pressure is given by the
+4WbVQVKkn18-00611-00184038-00184354 fugacity coefficient small Phi so you
+4WbVQVKkn18-00612-00184355-00184649 see that here in the expression 429 you
+4WbVQVKkn18-00613-00184650-00185140 have a fugacity FG equals uh Phi times
+4WbVQVKkn18-00614-00185141-00185416 the real pressure yeah so now combining
+4WbVQVKkn18-00615-00185417-00185843 essentially equation 426 here and an
+4WbVQVKkn18-00616-00185844-00186335 equation for 27 yeah we get RT times Ln
+4WbVQVKkn18-00617-00186336-00186851 Phi times p over P0 equals RT times Ln p
+4WbVQVKkn18-00618-00186852-00187126 over P0 plus BP yes this was our
+4WbVQVKkn18-00619-00187127-00187283 original expression
+4WbVQVKkn18-00620-00187284-00187516 yeah so we can now
+4WbVQVKkn18-00621-00187517-00187645 um
+4WbVQVKkn18-00622-00187646-00188045 solve for Ln Phi yeah so we get Ln Phi
+4WbVQVKkn18-00623-00188046-00188447 equals B over RT times real pressure and
+4WbVQVKkn18-00624-00188448-00188669 now you might wonder was this really
+4WbVQVKkn18-00625-00188670-00188951 worth the effort well uh fugacity is
+4WbVQVKkn18-00626-00188952-00189137 actually very important quantity in real
+4WbVQVKkn18-00627-00189138-00189371 life processes yeah and you can sort of
+4WbVQVKkn18-00628-00189372-00189773 see here yeah from this table just how
+4WbVQVKkn18-00629-00189774-00190175 much the pressure yeah and the fugacity
+4WbVQVKkn18-00630-00190176-00190414 differ from each other yeah this is this
+4WbVQVKkn18-00631-00190415-00190876 here given for nitrogen at uh 273 K yeah
+4WbVQVKkn18-00632-00190877-00191099 so you can sort of see the pressure 1000
+4WbVQVKkn18-00633-00191100-00191345 bar and fugacity actual corrected
+4WbVQVKkn18-00634-00191346-00191449 pressure is
+4WbVQVKkn18-00635-00191450-00191728 1810 yeah so in real life scenarios this
+4WbVQVKkn18-00636-00191729-00192011 will come in handy
+4WbVQVKkn18-00637-00192012-00192226 so this brings us to the end of lecture
+4WbVQVKkn18-00638-00192227-00192563 eight yeah next time around we will be
+4WbVQVKkn18-00639-00192564-00192893 looking at uh chemical potential in
+4WbVQVKkn18-00640-00192894-00193187 mixtures yeah and some colligative
+4WbVQVKkn18-00641-00193188-00193451 properties of matter
+4WbVQVKkn18-00642-00193452-00193729 see you next time
+4X6T95iPR08-00000-00000395-00000667 hello everyone I am
+4X6T95iPR08-00001-00000668-00000941 devops engineer so today I'm going to
+4X6T95iPR08-00002-00000942-00001129 show you how you can create a
+4X6T95iPR08-00003-00001130-00001474 certificate using AWS certificate
+4X6T95iPR08-00004-00001475-00001768 manager which is ACM
+4X6T95iPR08-00005-00001769-00002375 so SSL is a keyboard for making uh web
+4X6T95iPR08-00006-00002376-00002633 application or maybe your apis
+4X6T95iPR08-00007-00002634-00002850 so um
+4X6T95iPR08-00008-00002851-00003197 is very important for security point of
+4X6T95iPR08-00009-00003198-00003443 view an AWS provides a free SSN
+4X6T95iPR08-00010-00003444-00003659 certificate which is called certificate
+4X6T95iPR08-00011-00003660-00003838 manager you can create
+4X6T95iPR08-00012-00003839-00004163 unlimited certificates here and it's
+4X6T95iPR08-00013-00004164-00004385 real chance so I'm going to show you how
+4X6T95iPR08-00014-00004386-00004672 we can create an SSS certificate in AWS
+4X6T95iPR08-00015-00004673-00004949 and how you can use that certificate you
+4X6T95iPR08-00016-00004950-00005369 know your big different uh projects so
+4X6T95iPR08-00017-00005370-00005675 let's get started uh I am in my AWS
+4X6T95iPR08-00018-00005676-00005909 certificate manager if you wanted to
+4X6T95iPR08-00019-00005910-00006275 come here just type in the search for cm
+4X6T95iPR08-00020-00006276-00006539 certificate manager and it should show
+4X6T95iPR08-00021-00006540-00006948 certificate
+4X6T95iPR08-00022-00006950-00007469 if you click you come here and then list
+4X6T95iPR08-00023-00007470-00007703 certificates if you have any certificate
+4X6T95iPR08-00024-00007704-00007877 previously created you will see it
+4X6T95iPR08-00025-00007878-00008237 otherwise it will be a thing now I am
+4X6T95iPR08-00026-00008238-00008555 going to uh request any certificate so
+4X6T95iPR08-00027-00008556-00008777 I'm going to Quest here
+4X6T95iPR08-00028-00008778-00009028 request public certificate so I'm going
+4X6T95iPR08-00029-00009029-00009257 to request a public certificate and I'm
+4X6T95iPR08-00030-00009258-00009413 going to do for Clear lesson as I said
+4X6T95iPR08-00031-00009414-00009659 certificate till next
+4X6T95iPR08-00032-00009660-00010117 I'm going to give the domain names
+4X6T95iPR08-00033-00010118-00011105 for example
+4X6T95iPR08-00034-00011106-00011569 I can add multiple sub domains like SSL
+4X6T95iPR08-00035-00011570-00012053 2024 photos
+4X6T95iPR08-00036-00012054-00012256 as you can see you cannot manipulate
+4X6T95iPR08-00037-00012257-00012599 domains or separency now we need to
+4X6T95iPR08-00038-00012600-00012731 um
+4X6T95iPR08-00039-00012732-00013030 any validation method here and the
+4X6T95iPR08-00040-00013031-00013163 valuation process actually results
+4X6T95iPR08-00041-00013163-00013330 whether you are going around
+4X6T95iPR08-00042-00013331-00013565 or you have the access tool change the
+4X6T95iPR08-00043-00013566-00013805 DNS reports there are two kinds of
+4X6T95iPR08-00044-00013806-00014099 validation one that is DNS another one
+4X6T95iPR08-00045-00014100-00014315 is email I'm going to choose DNS because
+4X6T95iPR08-00046-00014316-00014555 that's more easier
+4X6T95iPR08-00047-00014556-00014879 the algorithm so it's by default RSA
+4X6T95iPR08-00048-00014880-00015094 principle for eight but you can change
+4X6T95iPR08-00049-00015095-00015216 it to it is
+4X6T95iPR08-00050-00015218-00015443 for the time being I'm rooting the
+4X6T95iPR08-00051-00015444-00015672 server set to zero current so
+4X6T95iPR08-00052-00015673-00015857 click next
+4X6T95iPR08-00053-00015858-00016294 okay
+4X6T95iPR08-00054-00016295-00016577 um our SSL certificate is not issued
+4X6T95iPR08-00055-00016578-00016967 because it's in a kind of appendages and
+4X6T95iPR08-00056-00016968-00017303 it will be only uh active when we have
+4X6T95iPR08-00057-00017304-00017513 made those DNS changes
+4X6T95iPR08-00058-00017514-00017758 so if we come to the details of the view
+4X6T95iPR08-00059-00017759-00018100 we will see that here
+4X6T95iPR08-00060-00018101-00018353 cname records and synonym values that we
+4X6T95iPR08-00061-00018354-00018533 have to add in our DNS
+4X6T95iPR08-00062-00018534-00018785 so let's copy the CNN and have a click
+4X6T95iPR08-00063-00018786-00018941 this icon it will be copied to your
+4X6T95iPR08-00064-00018942-00019097 clipboard
+4X6T95iPR08-00065-00019098-00019343 and go to your DNS manager I use
+4X6T95iPR08-00066-00019344-00019558 cloudflare and if you wanted USD
+4X6T95iPR08-00067-00019559-00019817 platform then that's up to you I'm going
+4X6T95iPR08-00068-00019818-00019985 to show you how you can do the link load
+4X6T95iPR08-00069-00019986-00020405 field so let's create a an input here
+4X6T95iPR08-00070-00020406-00020758 from the type choose cname and then
+4X6T95iPR08-00071-00020759-00020963 paste the value
+4X6T95iPR08-00072-00020964-00021364 and now you need to copy the target
+4X6T95iPR08-00073-00021365-00021749 column here and just click the copy icon
+4X6T95iPR08-00074-00021750-00022217 paste it here and turn off the blocks
+4X6T95iPR08-00075-00022218-00022636 let's say
+4X6T95iPR08-00076-00022637-00022978 similarly I have to copy this
+4X6T95iPR08-00077-00022979-00023158 add a new record
+4X6T95iPR08-00078-00023159-00023291 times
+4X6T95iPR08-00079-00023292-00023436 CNN
+4X6T95iPR08-00080-00023437-00023939 value and I'm going to copy this part
+4X6T95iPR08-00081-00023940-00024575 paste it here and there we goes so
+4X6T95iPR08-00082-00024576-00024827 we have added these two clearance
+4X6T95iPR08-00083-00024828-00025222 records now run the mpg please
+4X6T95iPR08-00084-00025223-00025678 check here and finish this page this
+4X6T95iPR08-00085-00025679-00026062 might take up to 10 or 20 minutes based
+4X6T95iPR08-00086-00026063-00026368 on your DNS manager
+4X6T95iPR08-00087-00026369-00026687 for example if it's going in a room 53
+4X6T95iPR08-00088-00026688-00026908 it's much faster if it's in a cloud
+4X6T95iPR08-00089-00026910-00027852 flare which sometimes takes some time
+4X6T95iPR08-00090-00027854-00028181 certificate provider so you have to wait
+4X6T95iPR08-00091-00028182-00028612 for this
+4X6T95iPR08-00092-00028613-00028918 today I'm going to pause the video for a
+4X6T95iPR08-00093-00028919-00029140 few minutes and let's see
+4X6T95iPR08-00094-00029141-00029345 before exercise move videos you should
+4X6T95iPR08-00095-00029345-00029518 be coming
+4X6T95iPR08-00096-00029519-00029740 okay we see already have one certificate
+4X6T95iPR08-00097-00029741-00030029 issued well actually one validation is
+4X6T95iPR08-00098-00030030-00030173 successful
+4X6T95iPR08-00099-00030174-00030670 but we have to uh get both of the uh
+4X6T95iPR08-00100-00030672-00030895 DNS validation needs to be succeed
+4X6T95iPR08-00101-00030895-00031133 otherwise you will not be able to use
+4X6T95iPR08-00102-00031133-00031396 this certificate
+4X6T95iPR08-00103-00031397-00031727 okay so here it is status issued if you
+4X6T95iPR08-00104-00031727-00031931 click here
+4X6T95iPR08-00105-00031932-00033112 foreign
+4X6T95iPR08-00106-00033113-00033437 it doesn't gives you any kind of PDF or
+4X6T95iPR08-00107-00033438-00033659 CRT file or anything that will install
+4X6T95iPR08-00108-00033660-00033874 traditionally so when you purchase
+4X6T95iPR08-00109-00033875-00034067 traditionally an SSL certificate from
+4X6T95iPR08-00110-00034068-00034246 the end sheet or productive they give
+4X6T95iPR08-00111-00034247-00034535 you PM file they give you CRT file
+4X6T95iPR08-00112-00034536-00034733 certificate clients Etc
+4X6T95iPR08-00113-00034734-00034973 but AWS doesn't gives you anything what
+4X6T95iPR08-00114-00034974-00035357 it does is you can link this certificate
+4X6T95iPR08-00115-00035358-00035717 this certificate into
+4X6T95iPR08-00116-00035718-00035962 um like in
+4X6T95iPR08-00117-00035963-00036352 cloudfront in history the elastic load
+4X6T95iPR08-00118-00036353-00036509 balancer classic load balancer Network
+4X6T95iPR08-00119-00036510-00036845 load balancer elastic band stroke you
+4X6T95iPR08-00120-00036846-00037127 can actually think into a
+4X6T95iPR08-00121-00037128-00037327 like
+4X6T95iPR08-00122-00037328-00037667 other new Services I think so
+4X6T95iPR08-00123-00037668-00037907 demonstrative is specified
+4X6T95iPR08-00124-00037908-00038279 and uh if if you are not using any of
+4X6T95iPR08-00125-00038280-00038524 those you probably not able to use that
+4X6T95iPR08-00126-00038525-00038939 this certain events so it is not like
+4X6T95iPR08-00127-00038940-00039137 um other certificates that you purchase
+4X6T95iPR08-00128-00039138-00039479 from the name or donating that you
+4X6T95iPR08-00129-00039480-00039730 download those and using them but these
+4X6T95iPR08-00130-00039731-00040067 certificates are only can be used in AWS
+4X6T95iPR08-00131-00040068-00040349 other services so let me show you how I
+4X6T95iPR08-00132-00040350-00040589 have moved it in other services
+4X6T95iPR08-00133-00040590-00041123 so if I go to Cloud fund
+4X6T95iPR08-00134-00041124-00041327 here I have
+4X6T95iPR08-00135-00041328-00041652 um actually my other domain so
+4X6T95iPR08-00136-00041653-00041809 expensive
+4X6T95iPR08-00137-00041810-00042030 it is
+4X6T95iPR08-00138-00042031-00042287 my personal blog this is my statement
+4X6T95iPR08-00139-00042288-00042755 question and linked with uh
+4X6T95iPR08-00140-00042756-00042995 approximate so
+4X6T95iPR08-00141-00042996-00043309 um
+4X6T95iPR08-00142-00043310-00044490 example and the settings
+4X6T95iPR08-00143-00044491-00044752 is mostly Northern Virginia
+4X6T95iPR08-00144-00044753-00045077 and then I created a distribution like
+4X6T95iPR08-00145-00045078-00045355 here
+4X6T95iPR08-00146-00045356-00045701 and then the distribution I have given
+4X6T95iPR08-00147-00045702-00045929 the alternative domain names
+4X6T95iPR08-00148-00045930-00046193 or I put the domains like main domain
+4X6T95iPR08-00149-00046194-00046552 and www and I also linked the SSL
+4X6T95iPR08-00150-00046553-00046727 certificate that is coming from the
+4X6T95iPR08-00151-00046728-00047068 certificate manager edit this
+4X6T95iPR08-00152-00047069-00047321 you might see that and so this is my
+4X6T95iPR08-00153-00047322-00047501 alternative domain names and this is the
+4X6T95iPR08-00154-00047502-00047755 certificate that is coming from my
+4X6T95iPR08-00155-00047756-00048023 certificate manager so
+4X6T95iPR08-00156-00048024-00048299 I have added the certificates previously
+4X6T95iPR08-00157-00048300-00048671 valid in the DNS so now it's showing in
+4X6T95iPR08-00158-00048672-00049030 the lists
+4X6T95iPR08-00159-00049031-00049330 so that being said uh this is a short
+4X6T95iPR08-00160-00049331-00049558 video on how you can create an SSL
+4X6T95iPR08-00161-00049559-00049846 certificate from AWS certificate manager
+4X6T95iPR08-00162-00049847-00050146 and you can use it in cloud from elastic
+4X6T95iPR08-00163-00050147-00050290 load balancer
+4X6T95iPR08-00164-00050291-00050645 holistic Bean style and all those places
+4X6T95iPR08-00165-00050646-00050861 so that's it for today I hope you like
+4X6T95iPR08-00166-00050862-00050993 this video if you like please subscribe
+4X6T95iPR08-00167-00050994-00051185 to my channel and I will get more videos
+4X6T95iPR08-00168-00051186-00051691 like this thank you have a nice day bye
+4X7FaS47VeY-00000-00000848-00001135 the human being learns nothing from his
+4X7FaS47VeY-00001-00001136-00001487 or her past because effectively he or
+4X7FaS47VeY-00002-00001488-00001647 she quickly forgets
+4X7FaS47VeY-00003-00001648-00001951 everything what has happened and what
+4X7FaS47VeY-00004-00001952-00002295 after the first dread is not scared off
+4X7FaS47VeY-00005-00002296-00002615 but is keeping him or her indifferent
+4X7FaS47VeY-00006-00002616-00002926 hence he or she only learns through what
+4X7FaS47VeY-00007-00002927-00003183 he or she is making better for the
+4X7FaS47VeY-00008-00003184-00003470 environment in the future for himself or
+4X7FaS47VeY-00009-00003471-00003790 herself as well as generally and what is
+4X7FaS47VeY-00010-00003792-00004263 self-developed and acquired as new good
+4X7FaS47VeY-00011-00004264-00006279 [Music]
+4X7FaS47VeY-00012-00006280-00006487 you
+4XEaDeeLfJQ-00000-00000757-00002642 [Music]
+4XEaDeeLfJQ-00001-00002643-00004093 [Applause]
+4XEaDeeLfJQ-00002-00004094-00004527 [Applause]
+4XEaDeeLfJQ-00003-00004528-00005809 [Music]
+4XEaDeeLfJQ-00004-00005810-00006913 [Music]
+4XEaDeeLfJQ-00005-00006914-00008008 [Applause]
+4XEaDeeLfJQ-00006-00008009-00008155 [Music]
+4XEaDeeLfJQ-00009-00015143-00016079 [Music]
+4XEaDeeLfJQ-00010-00016080-00016296 [Applause]
+4XEaDeeLfJQ-00011-00016297-00016999 [Music]
+4XEaDeeLfJQ-00012-00017000-00017102 [Applause]
+4XEaDeeLfJQ-00013-00017103-00017781 [Music]
+4XEaDeeLfJQ-00014-00017782-00020278 [Music]
+4XEaDeeLfJQ-00015-00020279-00020991 [Applause]
+4XEaDeeLfJQ-00016-00020992-00022014 [Applause]
+4XEaDeeLfJQ-00017-00022015-00023390 [Applause]
+4XEaDeeLfJQ-00018-00023391-00024208 [Music]
+4XEaDeeLfJQ-00019-00024209-00025059 [Music]
+4XEaDeeLfJQ-00020-00025060-00025733 [Music]
+4XEaDeeLfJQ-00021-00025735-00028357 [Music]
+4XEaDeeLfJQ-00022-00028358-00030188 [Music]
+4XEaDeeLfJQ-00023-00030189-00031406 [Music]
+4XEaDeeLfJQ-00024-00031407-00033601 [Music]
+4XEaDeeLfJQ-00025-00033602-00034860 [Music]
+4XEaDeeLfJQ-00026-00034861-00035065 [Music]
+4XEaDeeLfJQ-00027-00035066-00037247 what
+4XEaDeeLfJQ-00028-00037248-00040131 [Music]
+4XEaDeeLfJQ-00029-00040132-00041053 [Music]
+4XEaDeeLfJQ-00030-00041054-00041699 [Music]
+4XEaDeeLfJQ-00031-00041700-00042675 [Music]
+4XEaDeeLfJQ-00032-00042676-00042735 [Music]
+4XEaDeeLfJQ-00033-00042736-00043284 [Applause]
+4XEaDeeLfJQ-00034-00043285-00045757 [Music]
+4XEaDeeLfJQ-00037-00052635-00053642 [Music]
+4XEaDeeLfJQ-00038-00053644-00053946 [Music]
+4XEaDeeLfJQ-00039-00053947-00054122 [Applause]
+4XEaDeeLfJQ-00041-00057132-00059539 [Music]
+4XEaDeeLfJQ-00042-00059540-00060408 [Music]
+4XEaDeeLfJQ-00044-00067637-00069172 [Music]
+4XEaDeeLfJQ-00046-00072457-00074869 [Music]
+4XEaDeeLfJQ-00049-00082136-00083033 [Music]
+4XEaDeeLfJQ-00051-00086313-00087808 [Music]
+4XEaDeeLfJQ-00053-00091800-00093609 [Music]
+4XEaDeeLfJQ-00054-00093610-00093749 I
+4XEaDeeLfJQ-00056-00099187-00100734 [Music]
+4XEaDeeLfJQ-00057-00100735-00101569 Sunaina
+4XEaDeeLfJQ-00058-00101570-00103240 [Music]
+4XEaDeeLfJQ-00059-00103241-00104648 [Laughter]
+4XEaDeeLfJQ-00060-00104649-00105669 [Music]
+4XEaDeeLfJQ-00064-00121083-00122060 [Music]
+4XEaDeeLfJQ-00065-00122061-00124080 [Music]
+4XEaDeeLfJQ-00066-00124081-00126364 [Music]
+4XEaDeeLfJQ-00067-00126365-00128334 [Music]
+4XEaDeeLfJQ-00069-00131725-00132673 [Laughter]
+4XEaDeeLfJQ-00070-00132674-00133714 [Music]
+4XEaDeeLfJQ-00071-00133715-00134779 [Laughter]
+4XEaDeeLfJQ-00072-00134780-00136189 [Music]
+4XEaDeeLfJQ-00076-00149561-00150446 [Music]
+4XEaDeeLfJQ-00077-00150447-00153161 [Laughter]
+4XEaDeeLfJQ-00078-00153162-00155051 [Music]
+4XEaDeeLfJQ-00079-00155052-00157421 [Music]
+4XEaDeeLfJQ-00082-00164052-00166858 [Music]
+4XEaDeeLfJQ-00084-00170500-00170690 [Music]
+4XEaDeeLfJQ-00086-00180997-00182147 [Music]
+4XEaDeeLfJQ-00088-00185198-00185656 [Music]
+4dopVGYzXgI-00000-00000000-00001261 better that sure polish people
+4dopVGYzXgI-00001-00001262-00001659 elves are true polish people and well
+4dopVGYzXgI-00002-00001660-00002059 they do like their horsies that's true
+4dopVGYzXgI-00003-00002060-00002384 hey my day is so good ok I never really
+4dopVGYzXgI-00004-00002385-00003615 wanted to swap cards ok this is ok
+4dopVGYzXgI-00005-00003617-00003878 games up not liking me with these
+4dopVGYzXgI-00006-00003879-00005405 initial rules but it's fine
+4dopVGYzXgI-00007-00005406-00006304 No god damn it this is the wrong deck uh
+4dopVGYzXgI-00008-00006305-00007263 now hello Rhonda
+4dopVGYzXgI-00009-00007264-00007458 or whatever honestly
+4dopVGYzXgI-00010-00007459-00009455 [Music]
+4dopVGYzXgI-00011-00009456-00010033 alrights there
+4dopVGYzXgI-00012-00010034-00011101 not cool
+4dopVGYzXgI-00013-00011102-00012039 [Music]
+4dopVGYzXgI-00014-00012040-00012415 none of that
+4dopVGYzXgI-00015-00012416-00012744 [Music]
+4dopVGYzXgI-00016-00012745-00013052 not cool
+4dopVGYzXgI-00017-00013053-00014658 [Music]
+4dopVGYzXgI-00018-00014659-00015922 Hadar oh thank god
+4dopVGYzXgI-00019-00015922-00016474 I really hate that card even though it's
+4dopVGYzXgI-00020-00016475-00017605 like the same exact thing I do how is
+4dopVGYzXgI-00021-00017606-00017883 this lost connection
+4dopVGYzXgI-00022-00017884-00018700 [Music]
+4dopVGYzXgI-00023-00018701-00020464 hmm hello where'd your connection hello
+4dopVGYzXgI-00024-00020465-00021110 it's here
+4dopVGYzXgI-00025-00021111-00021633 [Music]
+4dopVGYzXgI-00026-00021634-00022205 see I fancy things too and this in this
+4dopVGYzXgI-00027-00022206-00023551 deck apparently we will see
+4dopVGYzXgI-00028-00023552-00023935 there we go that's haha now he is a
+4dopVGYzXgI-00029-00023936-00024579 shield try to trap him now
+4dopVGYzXgI-00030-00024580-00025189 [Music]
+4dopVGYzXgI-00031-00025190-00025889 go away the [__] was this oh I like this
+4dopVGYzXgI-00032-00025891-00025934 guy
+4dopVGYzXgI-00033-00025935-00026516 I don't he can [__] off
+4dopVGYzXgI-00034-00026517-00028339 [Music]
+4dopVGYzXgI-00035-00028339-00028769 [Music]
+4dopVGYzXgI-00036-00028770-00030799 mm-hmm
+4dopVGYzXgI-00037-00030800-00031623 [Music]
+4dopVGYzXgI-00038-00031624-00032233 a root
+4dopVGYzXgI-00039-00032233-00033382 [Music]
+4dopVGYzXgI-00040-00033383-00033787 can't wait to see Rhonda again now
+4dopVGYzXgI-00041-00033788-00035610 she'll assume it sooner than you expect
+4dopVGYzXgI-00042-00035611-00037142 goddammit game stacks up
+4dopVGYzXgI-00043-00037143-00037389 now I'm gonna troll you know
+4dopVGYzXgI-00044-00037390-00038074 oh hey rush I like roach
+4dopVGYzXgI-00045-00038075-00038608 ooh Sabrina that's what her name I was
+4dopVGYzXgI-00046-00038609-00038953 wondering like who the [__] that was
+4dopVGYzXgI-00047-00038954-00039447 [Music]
+4dopVGYzXgI-00048-00039448-00040632 laughs fruit she just killed everyone
+4dopVGYzXgI-00049-00040633-00041377 was it very nice that's the first time I
+4dopVGYzXgI-00050-00041378-00041581 played this card I wasn't expecting this
+4dopVGYzXgI-00051-00041582-00041808 together
+4dopVGYzXgI-00052-00041809-00042067 you killed everything including your own
+4dopVGYzXgI-00053-00042068-00042304 thank you well done
+4dopVGYzXgI-00054-00042305-00042952 [Music]
+4dopVGYzXgI-00055-00042953-00044269 I like old gear he's a cool guy
+4dopVGYzXgI-00056-00044270-00044516 also I hate it I hate how some of my
+4dopVGYzXgI-00057-00044517-00044681 cards were animated and some of them are
+4dopVGYzXgI-00058-00044682-00044849 not [__] triggers me
+4dopVGYzXgI-00059-00044850-00045062 well we couldn't improve them too so
+4dopVGYzXgI-00060-00045063-00045380 they become animated yeah that's effort
+4dopVGYzXgI-00061-00045381-00046496 hello Ron good and that other [__] I'm
+4dopVGYzXgI-00062-00046497-00048014 not dealing with it ah shame
+4dopVGYzXgI-00063-00048015-00048410 stop looking at my elves
+4dopVGYzXgI-00064-00048411-00049108 [Music]
+4dopVGYzXgI-00065-00049109-00050610 [Music]
+4dopVGYzXgI-00066-00050611-00052054 is gonna be fun
+4dopVGYzXgI-00067-00052054-00052538 god damn it stop making me go first game
+4dopVGYzXgI-00068-00052539-00052671 [Music]
+4dopVGYzXgI-00069-00052672-00052789 yeah
+4dopVGYzXgI-00070-00052790-00052879 go forth
+4dopVGYzXgI-00071-00052879-00054113 [Music]
+4dopVGYzXgI-00072-00054114-00056200 oh joy whoever would have guessed
+4dopVGYzXgI-00073-00056201-00056761 I think I'm looking at those grants no
+4dopVGYzXgI-00074-00056762-00056929 it's hard to look at me they're not
+4dopVGYzXgI-00075-00056929-00058387 there lucky for you I have spares lucky
+4dopVGYzXgI-00077-00061964-00062629 you can admire my seating machines there
+4dopVGYzXgI-00078-00062629-00063364 are glories I'm bad
+4dopVGYzXgI-00079-00063365-00064987 [Music]
+4dopVGYzXgI-00080-00064988-00065135 [Music]
+4dopVGYzXgI-00081-00065136-00065419 you know this is not fun when you're in
+4dopVGYzXgI-00082-00065420-00065869 the opposite side of it the in-game
+4dopVGYzXgI-00083-00065870-00066059 Gwent was hilarious to have like siege
+4dopVGYzXgI-00084-00066060-00067515 focused
+4dopVGYzXgI-00085-00067516-00068607 you can enjoy that view as well
+4dopVGYzXgI-00086-00068608-00069294 stop poisoning me you'll be fine
+4dopVGYzXgI-00088-00072963-00075949 that's not cool
+4dopVGYzXgI-00089-00075950-00078569 hello run but I missed you
+4dopVGYzXgI-00090-00078570-00079501 now they can not cool
+4dopVGYzXgI-00091-00079502-00079807 Luke Gerald with armored hands
+4dopVGYzXgI-00093-00082874-00083227 it's not nice
+4dopVGYzXgI-00094-00083228-00085306 well civilize to look hours in cages Wow
+4dopVGYzXgI-00095-00085307-00087026 I give her her freedom back
+4dopVGYzXgI-00096-00087027-00087620 I really hate that card I'd see what
+4dopVGYzXgI-00097-00087621-00087967 you've got up your sleeve just him
+4dopVGYzXgI-00098-00087968-00088208 that's not gonna be not you're kidding
+4dopVGYzXgI-00099-00088209-00089111 me are you kidding me well I'm gonna
+4dopVGYzXgI-00100-00089112-00089480 consider that a victory why I don't I
+4dopVGYzXgI-00101-00089481-00089663 get a draw with like the deck I wasn't
+4dopVGYzXgI-00102-00089664-00089993 even paying attention to
+4eNf5NSsimo-00000-00000038-00000308 legal education is the education of
+4eNf5NSsimo-00001-00000309-00000499 individuals in the principles practices
+4eNf5NSsimo-00002-00000500-00000827 and theory of law it may be undertaken
+4eNf5NSsimo-00003-00000827-00001028 for several reasons including to provide
+4eNf5NSsimo-00004-00001029-00001211 the knowledge and skills necessary for
+4eNf5NSsimo-00005-00001212-00001399 admission to legal practice in a
+4eNf5NSsimo-00006-00001400-00001582 particular jurisdiction to provide a
+4eNf5NSsimo-00007-00001583-00001745 greater breadth of knowledge to those
+4eNf5NSsimo-00008-00001746-00001909 working in other professions such as
+4eNf5NSsimo-00009-00001910-00002138 politics or business to provide current
+4eNf5NSsimo-00010-00002139-00002315 lawyers with advanced training or
+4eNf5NSsimo-00011-00002316-00002485 greater specialization or to update
+4eNf5NSsimo-00012-00002486-00002683 lawyers on recent developments in the
+4eNf5NSsimo-00013-00002684-00003023 law legal education can take the form of
+4eNf5NSsimo-00014-00003024-00003340 a variety of programs including primary
+4eNf5NSsimo-00015-00003342-00003560 degrees in law which may be studied at
+4eNf5NSsimo-00016-00003561-00003725 either undergraduate or graduate level
+4eNf5NSsimo-00017-00003726-00004034 depending on the country advanced
+4eNf5NSsimo-00018-00004035-00004283 academic degrees in law such as masters
+4eNf5NSsimo-00019-00004284-00004559 and doctoral degrees practice or
+4eNf5NSsimo-00020-00004560-00004747 training courses which prospective
+4eNf5NSsimo-00021-00004748-00004936 lawyers are required to pass in some
+4eNf5NSsimo-00022-00004937-00005170 countries before they may enter practice
+4eNf5NSsimo-00023-00005171-00005474 applied or specialized law accreditation
+4eNf5NSsimo-00024-00005475-00005627 which are less formal than degree
+4eNf5NSsimo-00025-00005628-00005836 programs but which provides specialized
+4eNf5NSsimo-00026-00005837-00006124 certification in particular areas
+4eNf5NSsimo-00027-00006125-00006379 continuing legal education which do not
+4eNf5NSsimo-00028-00006380-00006581 lead to a qualification but provide
+4eNf5NSsimo-00029-00006581-00006758 practicing lawyers with updates on
+4eNf5NSsimo-00030-00006759-00007205 recent legal developments
+4eNf5NSsimo-00031-00007206-00007706 topic history
+4eNf5NSsimo-00032-00007706-00007996 early Western legal education emerged in
+4eNf5NSsimo-00033-00007997-00008207 Republic in Rome initially those
+4eNf5NSsimo-00034-00008208-00008408 desiring to be advocates would train in
+4eNf5NSsimo-00035-00008409-00008633 schools of rhetoric around the 3rd
+4eNf5NSsimo-00036-00008634-00008903 century BC Tiberius Karanka Gnaeus began
+4eNf5NSsimo-00037-00008904-00009095 teaching law as a separate discipline
+4eNf5NSsimo-00038-00009096-00009359 his public legal instruction had the
+4eNf5NSsimo-00039-00009360-00009560 effect of creating a class of legally
+4eNf5NSsimo-00040-00009561-00009785 skilled non priests jurisprudent days a
+4eNf5NSsimo-00041-00009786-00010082 sort of consultancy after Karanka Gnaeus
+4eNf5NSsimo-00042-00010083-00010292 is death instruction gradually became
+4eNf5NSsimo-00043-00010293-00010466 more formal with the introduction of
+4eNf5NSsimo-00044-00010467-00010637 books on law beyond the then scant
+4eNf5NSsimo-00045-00010638-00010907 official Roman legal texts it is
+4eNf5NSsimo-00046-00010908-00011084 possible that Karanka Gnaeus allowed
+4eNf5NSsimo-00047-00011085-00011276 members of the public and students to
+4eNf5NSsimo-00048-00011277-00011485 attend consultations with citizens in
+4eNf5NSsimo-00049-00011486-00011744 which he provided legal advice these
+4eNf5NSsimo-00050-00011745-00011957 consultations were probably held outside
+4eNf5NSsimo-00051-00011958-00012137 the College of pontiff's and thus
+4eNf5NSsimo-00052-00012138-00012359 accessible to all those interested Canon
+4eNf5NSsimo-00053-00012360-00012560 and ecclesiastical law were studied in
+4eNf5NSsimo-00054-00012561-00012844 universities in medieval Europe however
+4eNf5NSsimo-00055-00012844-00013088 institutions providing education in the
+4eNf5NSsimo-00056-00013088-00013271 domestic law of each country emerged
+4eNf5NSsimo-00057-00013272-00013568 later in the 18th century in England
+4eNf5NSsimo-00058-00013569-00013841 legal education emerged in the late 13th
+4eNf5NSsimo-00059-00013841-00014099 century through apprenticeships the Inns
+4eNf5NSsimo-00060-00014100-00014258 of Court controlled admission to
+4eNf5NSsimo-00061-00014259-00014456 practice and also provided some legal
+4eNf5NSsimo-00062-00014457-00014725 training English universities had taught
+4eNf5NSsimo-00063-00014726-00014950 Roman and canon law for some time but
+4eNf5NSsimo-00064-00014951-00015140 formal degrees focused on the native
+4eNf5NSsimo-00065-00015141-00015313 common law did not emerge until the
+4eNf5NSsimo-00066-00015315-00015704 1800s
+4eNf5NSsimo-00067-00015705-00016304 topic forms of legal education
+4eNf5NSsimo-00068-00016305-00016864 topic primary degrees in law
+4eNf5NSsimo-00069-00016865-00017100 in many countries including most of
+4eNf5NSsimo-00070-00017101-00017299 those in the Commonwealth of Nations the
+4eNf5NSsimo-00071-00017300-00017497 principle law degree as an undergraduate
+4eNf5NSsimo-00072-00017498-00017719 degree usually known as a Bachelor of
+4eNf5NSsimo-00073-00017720-00018088 Laws LLB graduates of such a program are
+4eNf5NSsimo-00074-00018089-00018307 eligible to become lawyers bypassing the
+4eNf5NSsimo-00075-00018308-00018511 country's equivalent of a bar exam in
+4eNf5NSsimo-00076-00018512-00018789 these countries graduate law programs
+4eNf5NSsimo-00077-00018790-00018958 are advanced degrees which allow for
+4eNf5NSsimo-00078-00018959-00019197 more in-depth study or specialization in
+4eNf5NSsimo-00079-00019198-00019525 the United States the primary law degree
+4eNf5NSsimo-00080-00019526-00019728 as a graduate degree known as the juris
+4eNf5NSsimo-00081-00019729-00020055 doctor JD students may pursue such a
+4eNf5NSsimo-00082-00020056-00020230 degree only after completing an
+4eNf5NSsimo-00083-00020231-00020406 undergraduate degree usually a
+4eNf5NSsimo-00084-00020407-00020655 bachelor's degree the undergraduate
+4eNf5NSsimo-00085-00020656-00020869 degree can be in any field though most
+4eNf5NSsimo-00086-00020870-00021081 American lawyers hold bachelor's degrees
+4eNf5NSsimo-00087-00021082-00021275 in the humanities and Social Sciences
+4eNf5NSsimo-00088-00021276-00021571 American law schools are usually an
+4eNf5NSsimo-00089-00021572-00021747 autonomous entity within a larger
+4eNf5NSsimo-00090-00021748-00022072 University primary degrees in law are
+4eNf5NSsimo-00091-00022073-00022275 offered by law schools known in some
+4eNf5NSsimo-00092-00022276-00022530 countries as faculties of law law
+4eNf5NSsimo-00093-00022531-00022696 schools may have varying degrees of
+4eNf5NSsimo-00094-00022697-00022903 autonomy within a particular University
+4eNf5NSsimo-00095-00022904-00023133 or in some countries can be entirely
+4eNf5NSsimo-00096-00023134-00023330 independent of any other post-secondary
+4eNf5NSsimo-00097-00023331-00023857 educational institution
+4eNf5NSsimo-00098-00023858-00024408 topic advanced degrees in law
+4eNf5NSsimo-00099-00024409-00024654 higher degrees allow for more advanced
+4eNf5NSsimo-00100-00024655-00024915 academic study these include the Masters
+4eNf5NSsimo-00101-00024916-00025188 of Law LLM by coursework or research and
+4eNf5NSsimo-00102-00025189-00025550 doctoral degrees such as the PhD or SJD
+4eNf5NSsimo-00103-00025551-00025778 practitioners may undertake a master's
+4eNf5NSsimo-00104-00025779-00025986 of law by coursework to obtain greater
+4eNf5NSsimo-00105-00025987-00026199 specialization in an area in which they
+4eNf5NSsimo-00106-00026200-00026505 practice in many common law countries a
+4eNf5NSsimo-00107-00026506-00026690 higher degree in law is common and
+4eNf5NSsimo-00108-00026691-00027002 expected for legal academics in addition
+4eNf5NSsimo-00109-00027004-00027204 incorporating practical skills is
+4eNf5NSsimo-00110-00027205-00027405 beneficial for practitioners seeking
+4eNf5NSsimo-00111-00027406-00027587 higher degrees to better prepare them in
+4eNf5NSsimo-00112-00027588-00027768 their respective legal area of practice
+4eNf5NSsimo-00113-00027769-00028023 in contrast higher degrees in law are
+4eNf5NSsimo-00114-00028024-00028224 uncommon in the United States even
+4eNf5NSsimo-00115-00028225-00028589 within the Academy
+4eNf5NSsimo-00116-00028589-00029169 topic practice or training courses
+4eNf5NSsimo-00117-00029170-00029418 in some countries including the United
+4eNf5NSsimo-00118-00029419-00029661 Kingdom Italy Germany Canada and some
+4eNf5NSsimo-00119-00029662-00029895 states of Australia the final stages of
+4eNf5NSsimo-00120-00029895-00030123 vocational legal education required to
+4eNf5NSsimo-00121-00030124-00030312 qualify to practice law are carried out
+4eNf5NSsimo-00122-00030313-00030555 outside the university system the
+4eNf5NSsimo-00123-00030556-00030735 requirements for qualification as a
+4eNf5NSsimo-00124-00030736-00030954 barrister or as a solicitor are covered
+4eNf5NSsimo-00125-00030955-00031323 in those articles
+4eNf5NSsimo-00126-00031324-00031649 topic applied lot programs or specialist
+4eNf5NSsimo-00127-00031650-00032022 accreditation
+4eNf5NSsimo-00128-00032023-00032283 legal education providers in some
+4eNf5NSsimo-00129-00032285-00032491 countries offer courses which lead to a
+4eNf5NSsimo-00130-00032492-00032710 certificate or accreditation in applied
+4eNf5NSsimo-00131-00032711-00032884 legal practice or a particular
+4eNf5NSsimo-00132-00032885-00033249 specialization
+4eNf5NSsimo-00133-00033250-00033843 topic continuing legal education
+4eNf5NSsimo-00134-00033844-00034145 continuing legal education also known as
+4eNf5NSsimo-00135-00034146-00034279 continuing professional development
+4eNf5NSsimo-00136-00034280-00034559 programs are informal seminars or short
+4eNf5NSsimo-00137-00034560-00034712 courses which provide legal
+4eNf5NSsimo-00138-00034713-00034892 practitioners with an opportunity to
+4eNf5NSsimo-00139-00034893-00035030 update their knowledge and skills
+4eNf5NSsimo-00140-00035031-00035273 throughout their legal career in some
+4eNf5NSsimo-00141-00035274-00035450 jurisdictions it is mandatory to
+4eNf5NSsimo-00142-00035451-00035660 undertake a certain amount of continuing
+4eNf5NSsimo-00143-00035661-00036108 legal education each year
+4eNf5NSsimo-00144-00036109-00036369 topic legal education in different
+4eNf5NSsimo-00145-00036370-00036785 countries
+4eNf5NSsimo-00146-00036786-00037281 topic Australia
+4eNf5NSsimo-00147-00037282-00037572 in Australia most universities offer law
+4eNf5NSsimo-00148-00037573-00037830 as an undergraduate entry course LLB
+4eNf5NSsimo-00149-00037831-00038112 four years or combined degree course eg
+4eNf5NSsimo-00150-00038113-00038706 BSC LLB become LLB ba LLB the LLB five
+4eNf5NSsimo-00151-00038707-00039006 to six years some of these also offer a
+4eNf5NSsimo-00152-00039007-00039276 three-year postgraduate juris doctor JD
+4eNf5NSsimo-00153-00039277-00039582 program bond University in Queensland
+4eNf5NSsimo-00154-00039583-00039804 runs three full semesters each year
+4eNf5NSsimo-00155-00039805-00039981 teaching from mid-january to late
+4eNf5NSsimo-00156-00039982-00040215 December this enables the Bond
+4eNf5NSsimo-00157-00040216-00040461 University law faculty to offer the LLB
+4eNf5NSsimo-00158-00040462-00040701 in the usual eight semesters but only to
+4eNf5NSsimo-00159-00040702-00040974 two-thirds of a year they also offer a
+4eNf5NSsimo-00160-00040975-00041235 JD in two years the University of
+4eNf5NSsimo-00161-00041236-00041523 Technology Sydney will from 2010 offer a
+4eNf5NSsimo-00162-00041524-00041853 two-year accelerated JD program in 2008
+4eNf5NSsimo-00163-00041854-00042057 the University of Melbourne introduced
+4eNf5NSsimo-00164-00042058-00042270 the Melbourne model whereby law is only
+4eNf5NSsimo-00165-00042271-00042468 available as a graduate degree with
+4eNf5NSsimo-00166-00042469-00042627 students having to have completed a
+4eNf5NSsimo-00167-00042628-00042846 three-year bachelor's degree usually an
+4eNf5NSsimo-00168-00042847-00043061 arts degree before being eligible
+4eNf5NSsimo-00169-00043062-00043308 students in combined degree programs
+4eNf5NSsimo-00170-00043309-00043443 would spend the first three years
+4eNf5NSsimo-00171-00043444-00043665 completing their first bachelor's degree
+4eNf5NSsimo-00172-00043666-00043824 together with some preliminary law
+4eNf5NSsimo-00173-00043825-00044046 subjects and then spend the last two to
+4eNf5NSsimo-00174-00044047-00044330 three years completing the law degree JD
+4eNf5NSsimo-00175-00044331-00044541 alternatively one can finish any
+4eNf5NSsimo-00176-00044542-00044727 bachelor's degree and providing their
+4eNf5NSsimo-00177-00044728-00044943 academic results are high apply for
+4eNf5NSsimo-00178-00044944-00045165 graduate entry into a three-year LLB
+4eNf5NSsimo-00179-00045166-00045468 program Australian law schools include
+4eNf5NSsimo-00180-00045469-00045632 those at the University of New England
+4eNf5NSsimo-00181-00045633-00045833 Australian Catholic University
+4eNf5NSsimo-00182-00045834-00046107 Australian National University Latrobe
+4eNf5NSsimo-00183-00046108-00046344 University Flinders University Vaughn
+4eNf5NSsimo-00184-00046345-00046737 University Macquarie Monash Deakin UNSW
+4eNf5NSsimo-00185-00046738-00047028 University of Tasmania Adelaide Victoria
+4eNf5NSsimo-00186-00047029-00047304 University Sydney Melbourne Queensland
+4eNf5NSsimo-00187-00047305-00047556 University of Technology the University
+4eNf5NSsimo-00188-00047557-00047787 of Queensland the University of Western
+4eNf5NSsimo-00189-00047788-00048276 Australia and the University of Canberra
+4eNf5NSsimo-00190-00048277-00048750 topic Canada
+4eNf5NSsimo-00191-00048751-00049002 the professional law degree in Canada is
+4eNf5NSsimo-00192-00049003-00049311 The Bachelor of Laws LLB or juris doctor
+4eNf5NSsimo-00193-00049312-00049581 JD for common law jurisdictions and The
+4eNf5NSsimo-00194-00049582-00049818 Bachelor of Laws licentiate of Law or
+4eNf5NSsimo-00195-00049819-00050064 Bachelor of civil law for Quebec a civil
+4eNf5NSsimo-00196-00050065-00050397 law jurisdiction admittance to an LLB or
+4eNf5NSsimo-00197-00050398-00050700 JD program requires at least two years
+4eNf5NSsimo-00198-00050701-00050919 of undergraduate education although a
+4eNf5NSsimo-00199-00050920-00051105 completed undergraduate degree is
+4eNf5NSsimo-00200-00051106-00051402 usually required in practice the vast
+4eNf5NSsimo-00201-00051403-00051590 majority of those who are admitted have
+4eNf5NSsimo-00202-00051591-00051759 already earned at least an undergraduate
+4eNf5NSsimo-00203-00051760-00052091 bachelor's degree the change in academic
+4eNf5NSsimo-00204-00052092-00052302 nomenclature re-designated the common
+4eNf5NSsimo-00205-00052303-00052536 law degree as a JD rather than an LLB
+4eNf5NSsimo-00206-00052537-00052725 currently completed or under
+4eNf5NSsimo-00207-00052726-00052904 consideration at a number of Canadian
+4eNf5NSsimo-00208-00052905-00053121 schools has not affected the level of
+4eNf5NSsimo-00209-00053122-00053279 instruction because it is the same
+4eNf5NSsimo-00210-00053280-00053567 degree in the case of Quebec civil law
+4eNf5NSsimo-00211-00053569-00053874 degrees in the trans systemic LLB bcl
+4eNf5NSsimo-00212-00053875-00054116 program at McGill University students
+4eNf5NSsimo-00213-00054117-00054369 can be admitted after college topic
+4eNf5NSsimo-00214-00054370-00054615 China list of law schools in China topic
+4eNf5NSsimo-00215-00054616-00054810 hong kong in hong kong law can be
+4eNf5NSsimo-00216-00054811-00054984 studied as a four-year undergraduate
+4eNf5NSsimo-00217-00054985-00055290 degree Bachelor of Laws LLB a two-year
+4eNf5NSsimo-00218-00055291-00055539 postgraduate degree juris doctor or the
+4eNf5NSsimo-00219-00055540-00055710 common professional examination
+4eNf5NSsimo-00220-00055711-00055916 conversion course for non law graduates
+4eNf5NSsimo-00221-00055917-00056157 one must then pass the one-year
+4eNf5NSsimo-00222-00056158-00056451 postgraduate certificate in Los P CLL
+4eNf5NSsimo-00223-00056452-00056658 currently offered at the university of
+4eNf5NSsimo-00224-00056659-00056946 hong kong HK u Chinese University of
+4eNf5NSsimo-00225-00056947-00057159 Hong Kong and City University of Hong
+4eNf5NSsimo-00226-00057160-00057387 Kong before starting vocational training
+4eNf5NSsimo-00227-00057388-00057609 a year's pupilage for barristers or a
+4eNf5NSsimo-00228-00057610-00057767 two-year training contract for
+4eNf5NSsimo-00229-00057769-00058086 solicitors the move to a four-year LLB
+4eNf5NSsimo-00230-00058087-00058359 was recent and in the case of HK u was
+4eNf5NSsimo-00231-00058360-00058491 aimed at shifting some of the more
+4eNf5NSsimo-00232-00058491-00058785 theoretical aspects of the HK UPC ll
+4eNf5NSsimo-00233-00058786-00058977 into the LLB leaving more room for
+4eNf5NSsimo-00234-00058978-00059277 practical instruction topic India the
+4eNf5NSsimo-00235-00059278-00059499 Bar Council of India prescribes and
+4eNf5NSsimo-00236-00059500-00059679 supervises standard of legal education
+4eNf5NSsimo-00237-00059679-00059988 in India law degrees in India are
+4eNf5NSsimo-00238-00059989-00060183 granted and conferred in terms of the
+4eNf5NSsimo-00239-00060184-00060491 advocates Act 1961 which is a lot passed
+4eNf5NSsimo-00240-00060492-00060690 by the Parliament both on the aspect of
+4eNf5NSsimo-00241-00060691-00060917 legal education and also regulation of
+4eNf5NSsimo-00242-00060919-00061173 conduct of legal profession various
+4eNf5NSsimo-00243-00061174-00061383 regional universities are specialised
+4eNf5NSsimo-00244-00061384-00061604 national law universities offer law
+4eNf5NSsimo-00245-00061605-00061794 graduate degrees through various law
+4eNf5NSsimo-00246-00061795-00062139 schools in India law can be studied as L
+4eNf5NSsimo-00247-00062140-00062424 be Bachelor of Laws or BL Bachelor of
+4eNf5NSsimo-00248-00062425-00062664 law a three year graduate degree after
+4eNf5NSsimo-00249-00062665-00062866 completion of bachelor's degree
+4eNf5NSsimo-00250-00062867-00063147 alternatively after standard 12 one can
+4eNf5NSsimo-00251-00063148-00063351 join an integrated five-year la course
+4eNf5NSsimo-00252-00063352-00063627 which provides option to avail ba ll B
+4eNf5NSsimo-00253-00063628-00064248 or B ba LLB or BSC LLB in India applied
+4eNf5NSsimo-00254-00064249-00064491 legal education for specific branches of
+4eNf5NSsimo-00255-00064491-00064728 laws also offered such as business law
+4eNf5NSsimo-00256-00064729-00064986 human resource and labor laws property
+4eNf5NSsimo-00257-00064987-00065229 laws family laws human rights and legal
+4eNf5NSsimo-00258-00065229-00065486 awareness taxation law and many more
+4eNf5NSsimo-00259-00065487-00065775 topic Italy and France law in Italy and
+4eNf5NSsimo-00260-00065776-00065973 France has studied in a jurisprudence
+4eNf5NSsimo-00261-00065974-00066135 school which is an entity within a
+4eNf5NSsimo-00262-00066136-00066450 larger University legal education can be
+4eNf5NSsimo-00263-00066451-00066630 started immediately after obtained a
+4eNf5NSsimo-00264-00066631-00066888 diploma Italian and French law schools
+4eNf5NSsimo-00265-00066889-00067101 are affiliated with public universities
+4eNf5NSsimo-00266-00067102-00067374 and are thus public institutions as a
+4eNf5NSsimo-00267-00067375-00067611 consequence law schools are required to
+4eNf5NSsimo-00268-00067612-00067811 admit anyone holding the baccalaureate
+4eNf5NSsimo-00269-00067812-00068058 however the failure rate is extremely
+4eNf5NSsimo-00270-00068059-00068331 high up to 70% during the first two
+4eNf5NSsimo-00271-00068332-00068616 years of the license in dorito there are
+4eNf5NSsimo-00272-00068617-00068826 no vast disparities in the quality of
+4eNf5NSsimo-00273-00068827-00069090 southern european law schools many
+4eNf5NSsimo-00274-00069091-00069291 schools focus on their respective city
+4eNf5NSsimo-00275-00069292-00069522 and region the law school program is
+4eNf5NSsimo-00276-00069523-00069735 divided following the european standards
+4eNf5NSsimo-00277-00069736-00069936 for university studies bologna process
+4eNf5NSsimo-00278-00069937-00070215 first a license of law program license
+4eNf5NSsimo-00279-00070216-00070443 to droid three-year period then a master
+4eNf5NSsimo-00280-00070444-00070680 of law program master de droit two-year
+4eNf5NSsimo-00281-00070681-00070950 period PhD in law doctorate Android
+4eNf5NSsimo-00282-00070951-00071166 three-year period often more the first
+4eNf5NSsimo-00283-00071167-00071385 year of the master program m1 is
+4eNf5NSsimo-00284-00071386-00071610 specialised public law private law
+4eNf5NSsimo-00285-00071611-00071814 business law European and international
+4eNf5NSsimo-00286-00071815-00072171 law etc the second year of the master of
+4eNf5NSsimo-00287-00072172-00072456 law programme m2 can be work oriented or
+4eNf5NSsimo-00288-00072457-00072639 research oriented the students write a
+4eNf5NSsimo-00289-00072640-00072831 substantial thesis and can apply to
+4eNf5NSsimo-00290-00072832-00073281 doctoral programs eg a PhD in law
+4eNf5NSsimo-00291-00073282-00073527 the second year is competitive entry is
+4eNf5NSsimo-00292-00073528-00073722 based on the students grades and overall
+4eNf5NSsimo-00293-00073723-00073941 score and on extracurricular activities
+4eNf5NSsimo-00294-00073942-00074178 and generally more specialized IP law
+4eNf5NSsimo-00295-00074179-00074492 contract law civil liberties etc
+4eNf5NSsimo-00296-00074493-00074687 students must pass a specific
+4eNf5NSsimo-00297-00074688-00074994 examination to enter bar school CRF PA
+4eNf5NSsimo-00298-00074995-00075312 Ecole de barro they must successfully
+4eNf5NSsimo-00299-00075313-00075510 finish the first year of a master of law
+4eNf5NSsimo-00300-00075511-00075753 m1 or maîtrise de droit to be able to
+4eNf5NSsimo-00301-00075754-00076071 attend if they succeed then after 18
+4eNf5NSsimo-00302-00076072-00076344 months School practical aspects ethics
+4eNf5NSsimo-00303-00076345-00076527 and internship they then take the cafe
+4eNf5NSsimo-00304-00076528-00076764 exam and diploma certificate data to
+4eNf5NSsimo-00305-00076765-00077046 allow profession to VOC at successful
+4eNf5NSsimo-00306-00077047-00077265 students also take the oath in order to
+4eNf5NSsimo-00307-00077266-00077610 practice law
+4eNf5NSsimo-00308-00077611-00078084 topic Japan
+4eNf5NSsimo-00309-00078085-00078350 the Japanese Ministry of Justice opened
+4eNf5NSsimo-00310-00078351-00078572 the University of Tokyo Faculty of Law
+4eNf5NSsimo-00311-00078573-00078860 in 1877 changed to Imperial University
+4eNf5NSsimo-00312-00078861-00079280 in 1886 to matriculate to the University
+4eNf5NSsimo-00313-00079281-00079550 of Tokyo students had to finish 10 to 15
+4eNf5NSsimo-00314-00079551-00079793 years of compulsory education acceptance
+4eNf5NSsimo-00315-00079794-00079979 was therefore available to only a small
+4eNf5NSsimo-00316-00079980-00080231 elite the lop program produced
+4eNf5NSsimo-00317-00080232-00080450 politically dependable graduates to fill
+4eNf5NSsimo-00318-00080451-00080675 fast-track administrative positions in
+4eNf5NSsimo-00319-00080676-00080865 government also known as high civil
+4eNf5NSsimo-00320-00080866-00081062 servants koto bunkin and to serve as
+4eNf5NSsimo-00321-00081063-00081359 judges and prosecutors private law
+4eNf5NSsimo-00322-00081360-00081638 schools opened around 1880 these lack
+4eNf5NSsimo-00323-00081639-00081794 the government funding given to the
+4eNf5NSsimo-00324-00081795-00082028 University of Tokyo so the quality of
+4eNf5NSsimo-00325-00082029-00082313 education there lagged behind students
+4eNf5NSsimo-00326-00082314-00082502 only had to pass an examination to
+4eNf5NSsimo-00327-00082503-00082721 matriculate to private law schools so
+4eNf5NSsimo-00328-00082722-00082890 many of them had not completed middle
+4eNf5NSsimo-00329-00082891-00083168 school the private law schools produced
+4eNf5NSsimo-00330-00083169-00083366 a large portion of private attorneys
+4eNf5NSsimo-00331-00083367-00083528 because their graduates were often
+4eNf5NSsimo-00332-00083529-00083666 ineligible to apply for government
+4eNf5NSsimo-00333-00083667-00083947 positions the Imperial University
+4eNf5NSsimo-00334-00083948-00084212 Faculty of law was given supervisory
+4eNf5NSsimo-00335-00084213-00084431 authority over many private law schools
+4eNf5NSsimo-00336-00084432-00084794 in 1887 by the 1920s it promulgated a
+4eNf5NSsimo-00337-00084795-00085034 legal curriculum comprising six basic
+4eNf5NSsimo-00338-00085035-00085256 codes constitutional law civil law
+4eNf5NSsimo-00339-00085257-00085523 commercial law Civil Procedure criminal
+4eNf5NSsimo-00340-00085524-00085796 law and Criminal Procedure the same
+4eNf5NSsimo-00341-00085797-00086003 basic structure survived in Japanese
+4eNf5NSsimo-00342-00086004-00086228 legal education to the end of the 20th
+4eNf5NSsimo-00343-00086229-00086438 century prior to the implementation of
+4eNf5NSsimo-00344-00086439-00086825 that law school system in 2004 the legal
+4eNf5NSsimo-00345-00086826-00087009 education system was driven more by
+4eNf5NSsimo-00346-00087010-00087212 examinations than by formal schooling
+4eNf5NSsimo-00347-00087213-00087497 the passage rate for the bar exam was
+4eNf5NSsimo-00348-00087498-00087737 historically around 3% and nearly all
+4eNf5NSsimo-00349-00087738-00087911 those who sat for the exam took it
+4eNf5NSsimo-00350-00087912-00088187 several times a number of specialized
+4eNf5NSsimo-00351-00088188-00088532 cram schools trained prospective lawyers
+4eNf5NSsimo-00352-00088533-00088718 for the exam and these schools remain
+4eNf5NSsimo-00353-00088719-00088973 prevalent today after passing the bar
+4eNf5NSsimo-00354-00088974-00089177 exam prospective barristers were
+4eNf5NSsimo-00355-00089178-00089399 required to train for 16 months at the
+4eNf5NSsimo-00356-00089400-00089597 legal research and Training Institute of
+4eNf5NSsimo-00357-00089598-00089864 the Supreme Court of Japan the training
+4eNf5NSsimo-00358-00089865-00090074 period has traditionally been devoted to
+4eNf5NSsimo-00359-00090075-00090269 litigation practice and virtually no
+4eNf5NSsimo-00360-00090270-00090473 training is given for other aspects of
+4eNf5NSsimo-00361-00090474-00090731 legal practice eg contract drafting
+4eNf5NSsimo-00362-00090732-00091022 legal research during this period the
+4eNf5NSsimo-00363-00091023-00091443 most capable trainees are selected out
+4eNf5NSsimo-00364-00091444-00091655 to become career judges others may
+4eNf5NSsimo-00365-00091656-00091832 become prosecutors or private
+4eNf5NSsimo-00366-00091833-00092217 practitioners in 2004 the Japanese diet
+4eNf5NSsimo-00367-00092218-00092403 passed a law allowing for the creation
+4eNf5NSsimo-00368-00092404-00092622 of graduate level law school law schools
+4eNf5NSsimo-00369-00092623-00092880 thought kadosh way yuan Hockaday Gakuin
+4eNf5NSsimo-00370-00092881-00093246 that offer a JD or homo hakushi fall Ubu
+4eNf5NSsimo-00371-00093247-00093551 the 2006 bars examination was first in
+4eNf5NSsimo-00372-00093552-00093747 Japanese history to require a law school
+4eNf5NSsimo-00373-00093748-00094035 degree as a prerequisite in the past
+4eNf5NSsimo-00374-00094036-00094232 although there has been no educational
+4eNf5NSsimo-00375-00094233-00094422 requirement most of those who passed the
+4eNf5NSsimo-00376-00094423-00094613 examination had earned undergraduate
+4eNf5NSsimo-00377-00094614-00094935 degrees from elite Japanese universities
+4eNf5NSsimo-00378-00094936-00095172 such as the University of Tokyo Kyoto
+4eNf5NSsimo-00379-00095173-00095426 University or hitotsu Bashi University
+4eNf5NSsimo-00380-00095427-00095693 with this new law school system came a
+4eNf5NSsimo-00381-00095694-00095946 new bar exam with a 40 to 50 percent
+4eNf5NSsimo-00382-00095947-00096105 passage rate which is capped by a
+4eNf5NSsimo-00383-00096106-00096356 numerical quota applicants are now
+4eNf5NSsimo-00384-00096357-00096567 limited to taking the exam three times
+4eNf5NSsimo-00385-00096568-00096846 in a five-year period despite the much
+4eNf5NSsimo-00386-00096847-00097035 higher bar passage rate with the new
+4eNf5NSsimo-00387-00097036-00097262 exam due to the quotas approximately
+4eNf5NSsimo-00388-00097263-00097473 half of Japanese law school graduates
+4eNf5NSsimo-00389-00097474-00097728 will never be admitted to practice the
+4eNf5NSsimo-00390-00097729-00097890 new system also reduced the
+4eNf5NSsimo-00391-00097891-00098061 apprenticeship period at the legal
+4eNf5NSsimo-00392-00098062-00098249 research and Training Institute to one
+4eNf5NSsimo-00393-00098250-00098436 year a number of other law related
+4eNf5NSsimo-00394-00098437-00098663 professions exist in Japan such as
+4eNf5NSsimo-00395-00098664-00098912 patent agents Ben Rishi tax accountants
+4eNf5NSsimo-00396-00098913-00099206 xiri Shi scriveners etc entry to each of
+4eNf5NSsimo-00397-00099207-00099348 which is governed by a separate
+4eNf5NSsimo-00398-00099349-00099747 examination attorneys bengoshi being
+4eNf5NSsimo-00399-00099748-00099944 qualified to practice any law can
+4eNf5NSsimo-00400-00099945-00100142 automatically be qualified as patent
+4eNf5NSsimo-00401-00100143-00100317 agents and tax accountants with no
+4eNf5NSsimo-00402-00100318-00100505 additional examination but not vice
+4eNf5NSsimo-00403-00100506-00100885 versa
+4eNf5NSsimo-00404-00100886-00101149 topic Korea
+4eNf5NSsimo-00405-00101150-00101307 you
+4eNf5NSsimo-00406-00101308-00101580 legal education in Korea is driven by
+4eNf5NSsimo-00407-00101581-00101835 examination the profession of barristers
+4eNf5NSsimo-00408-00101836-00102048 is highly regulated and the pass rate
+4eNf5NSsimo-00409-00102049-00102299 for the bar exam is around 5%
+4eNf5NSsimo-00410-00102300-00102528 prospective attorneys who do pass the
+4eNf5NSsimo-00411-00102529-00102765 exam usually take it two or three times
+4eNf5NSsimo-00412-00102766-00102939 before passing it and a number of
+4eNf5NSsimo-00413-00102940-00103176 specialized private educational
+4eNf5NSsimo-00414-00103177-00103469 institutes exist for prospective lawyers
+4eNf5NSsimo-00415-00103470-00103728 after passing the bar exam prospective
+4eNf5NSsimo-00416-00103729-00103914 barristers undergo a two-year training
+4eNf5NSsimo-00417-00103915-00104117 period at the judicial research and
+4eNf5NSsimo-00418-00104118-00104298 Training Institute of the Supreme Court
+4eNf5NSsimo-00419-00104299-00104561 of Korea during this period the most
+4eNf5NSsimo-00420-00104563-00104861 capable trainees are selected out to
+4eNf5NSsimo-00421-00104863-00105078 become career judges others may become
+4eNf5NSsimo-00422-00105079-00105413 prosecutors or private practitioners in
+4eNf5NSsimo-00423-00105414-00105683 2007 the Korean government passed a law
+4eNf5NSsimo-00424-00105684-00105860 allowing for the creation of three-year
+4eNf5NSsimo-00425-00105861-00106077 law schools bill medjool Mandela
+4eNf5NSsimo-00426-00106078-00106290 according to the new law the old system
+4eNf5NSsimo-00427-00106291-00106508 of selecting lawyers by examination will
+4eNf5NSsimo-00428-00106509-00106754 be phased out by 2013 and the us-style
+4eNf5NSsimo-00429-00106755-00106947 law schools will be the sole route to
+4eNf5NSsimo-00430-00106948-00107216 become a lawyer in February 2008 the
+4eNf5NSsimo-00431-00107217-00107448 Ministry of Education of Korea selected
+4eNf5NSsimo-00432-00107449-00107781 25 universities to open law schools the
+4eNf5NSsimo-00433-00107782-00107990 total enrolment for all law schools is
+4eNf5NSsimo-00434-00107991-00108174 capped at two thousand which is a source
+4eNf5NSsimo-00435-00108175-00108381 of contention between the powerful Korea
+4eNf5NSsimo-00436-00108382-00108621 Bar Association and citizen groups and
+4eNf5NSsimo-00437-00108622-00108884 school administrators there is an uproar
+4eNf5NSsimo-00438-00108885-00109044 among the schools which failed to get
+4eNf5NSsimo-00439-00109045-00109229 the government's approval and even among
+4eNf5NSsimo-00440-00109230-00109389 the schools that did get the approval
+4eNf5NSsimo-00441-00109390-00109565 there is dissatisfaction due to an
+4eNf5NSsimo-00442-00109566-00109848 extremely low enrollment number several
+4eNf5NSsimo-00443-00109849-00110013 law schools are permitted to enroll
+4eNf5NSsimo-00444-00110014-00110216 forty students per year which is far
+4eNf5NSsimo-00445-00110217-00110426 below the financially sustainable number
+4eNf5NSsimo-00446-00110427-00110735 beginning in 2012 passage of the lawyer
+4eNf5NSsimo-00447-00110736-00110933 admission test which is distinct from
+4eNf5NSsimo-00448-00110934-00111123 the old bar exam will be required for
+4eNf5NSsimo-00449-00111124-00111440 qualification to practice a number of
+4eNf5NSsimo-00450-00111441-00111659 other legal professions exist in Korea
+4eNf5NSsimo-00451-00111660-00111927 such as patent attorneys beyond lyza tax
+4eNf5NSsimo-00452-00111928-00112203 attorneys Somoza solicitors beyond Musa
+4eNf5NSsimo-00453-00112204-00112436 etc entry to each of which is governed
+4eNf5NSsimo-00454-00112438-00112897 by a separate examination
+4eNf5NSsimo-00455-00112898-00113324 topic Malaysia
+4eNf5NSsimo-00456-00113325-00113558 as a Commonwealth country the Malaysian
+4eNf5NSsimo-00457-00113558-00113780 legal education system is routed from
+4eNf5NSsimo-00458-00113781-00114077 the United Kingdom legal qualifications
+4eNf5NSsimo-00459-00114078-00114263 offered by the local law faculties
+4eNf5NSsimo-00460-00114264-00114436 require students to have a pre
+4eNf5NSsimo-00461-00114438-00114650 university qualification such as the
+4eNf5NSsimo-00462-00114651-00114842 Malaysian higher school certificate a
+4eNf5NSsimo-00463-00114843-00115018 level international baccalaureate
+4eNf5NSsimo-00464-00115019-00115364 foundation course or a diploma generally
+4eNf5NSsimo-00465-00115365-00115556 the law degree programs in Malaysia
+4eNf5NSsimo-00466-00115557-00115796 consist of civil law subjects but there
+4eNf5NSsimo-00467-00115797-00115943 are institutions such as the National
+4eNf5NSsimo-00468-00115944-00116204 University of Malaysia International
+4eNf5NSsimo-00469-00116205-00116402 Islamic University Malaysia and
+4eNf5NSsimo-00470-00116403-00116624 University sultan zainal abidin that
+4eNf5NSsimo-00471-00116625-00116867 includes Sharia or Islamic law courses
+4eNf5NSsimo-00472-00116868-00117038 as requirements for admission and
+4eNf5NSsimo-00473-00117039-00117266 graduation Malaysian law graduates from
+4eNf5NSsimo-00474-00117267-00117515 universities in the UK Australia or New
+4eNf5NSsimo-00475-00117516-00117689 Zealand are allowed to practice law in
+4eNf5NSsimo-00476-00117690-00117766 Malaysia
+4eNf5NSsimo-00477-00117767-00118009 however they are required to obtain a
+4eNf5NSsimo-00478-00118010-00118234 certificate of legal practice in laws of
+4eNf5NSsimo-00479-00118235-00118561 Malaysia
+4eNf5NSsimo-00480-00118563-00119016 topic Philippines
+4eNf5NSsimo-00481-00119017-00119269 la degree programs are considered
+4eNf5NSsimo-00482-00119270-00119506 graduate programs in the Philippines as
+4eNf5NSsimo-00483-00119507-00119776 such admission to law schools requires
+4eNf5NSsimo-00484-00119777-00119929 the completion of a bachelor's degree
+4eNf5NSsimo-00485-00119930-00120151 with a sufficient number of credits or
+4eNf5NSsimo-00486-00120152-00120558 units in certain subject areas legal
+4eNf5NSsimo-00487-00120559-00120727 education in the Philippines is
+4eNf5NSsimo-00488-00120728-00120936 regulated and supervised by the legal
+4eNf5NSsimo-00489-00120938-00121164 education board a statutorily created
+4eNf5NSsimo-00490-00121165-00121393 independent body chaired by a retired
+4eNf5NSsimo-00491-00121394-00121579 member of the Supreme Court or of the
+4eNf5NSsimo-00492-00121580-00121849 Court of Appeals its first chairman as
+4eNf5NSsimo-00493-00121850-00122089 justice Hilarion Aquino sitting as
+4eNf5NSsimo-00494-00122090-00122200 members of the board are a
+4eNf5NSsimo-00495-00122201-00122401 representative of the law professors a
+4eNf5NSsimo-00496-00122402-00122593 representative of the law teams and a
+4eNf5NSsimo-00497-00122594-00122746 representative of the Commission on
+4eNf5NSsimo-00498-00122747-00123007 Higher Education the membership of a
+4eNf5NSsimo-00499-00123008-00123217 student representative has been subject
+4eNf5NSsimo-00500-00123218-00123418 to continuing debate and resistance on
+4eNf5NSsimo-00501-00123419-00123730 the part of law schools graduation from
+4eNf5NSsimo-00502-00123731-00123955 a Philippine law school constitutes the
+4eNf5NSsimo-00503-00123956-00124177 primary eligibility requirement for the
+4eNf5NSsimo-00504-00124178-00124417 Philippine bar examinations administered
+4eNf5NSsimo-00505-00124418-00124594 by the Supreme Court during the month of
+4eNf5NSsimo-00506-00124595-00124882 September every year in order to be
+4eNf5NSsimo-00507-00124883-00125089 eligible to take the bar examinations
+4eNf5NSsimo-00508-00125090-00125257 one must complete either of the two
+4eNf5NSsimo-00509-00125258-00125440 professional degrees the Bachelor of
+4eNf5NSsimo-00510-00125441-00125803 Laws LLB program or the juris doctor JD
+4eNf5NSsimo-00511-00125804-00126091 program advanced degrees are offered by
+4eNf5NSsimo-00512-00126092-00126241 some law schools but are not
+4eNf5NSsimo-00513-00126242-00126397 requirements for admission to the
+4eNf5NSsimo-00514-00126398-00126658 practice of law in the Philippines the
+4eNf5NSsimo-00515-00126658-00126964 degrees Master of Laws LLM master of
+4eNf5NSsimo-00516-00126965-00127161 legal studies are available in only a
+4eNf5NSsimo-00517-00127163-00127378 handful of Philippine universities and
+4eNf5NSsimo-00518-00127379-00127570 colleges among the san beda college
+4eNf5NSsimo-00519-00127571-00127813 graduate school of law the University of
+4eNf5NSsimo-00520-00127814-00128005 Santo Tomas and Ateneo de Manila
+4eNf5NSsimo-00521-00128006-00128290 University the doctor of civil law
+4eNf5NSsimo-00522-00128291-00128347 degree
+4eNf5NSsimo-00523-00128348-00128602 DCL is offered only by the University of
+4eNf5NSsimo-00524-00128603-00128806 Santo Tomas and the doctor of juridical
+4eNf5NSsimo-00525-00128807-00129111 science jsd degree is offered by the San
+4eNf5NSsimo-00526-00129113-00129315 Beda College Graduate School of Law
+4eNf5NSsimo-00527-00129316-00129585 graduate programs in law are also
+4eNf5NSsimo-00528-00129586-00129860 regulated by the legal Education Board
+4eNf5NSsimo-00529-00129861-00130069 legal education in the Philippines
+4eNf5NSsimo-00530-00130070-00130276 normally proceeds along the following
+4eNf5NSsimo-00531-00130277-00130600 route undergraduate education usually
+4eNf5NSsimo-00532-00130601-00131102 four years law school usually four years
+4eNf5NSsimo-00533-00131103-00131321 admission to the bar usually by taking a
+4eNf5NSsimo-00534-00131322-00131642 Philippine bar exam legal practice and
+4eNf5NSsimo-00535-00131643-00132191 mandatory continuing legal education
+4eNf5NSsimo-00536-00132192-00132818 topic Russia and Ukraine law degree
+4eNf5NSsimo-00537-00132819-00133100 jurist often compared to an LLM but in
+4eNf5NSsimo-00538-00133101-00133259 fact equivalent to the degree of
+4eNf5NSsimo-00539-00133260-00133451 specialist specific to the Soviet
+4eNf5NSsimo-00540-00133452-00133664 educational system is awarded in Russia
+4eNf5NSsimo-00541-00133665-00133886 and Ukraine after five years of study at
+4eNf5NSsimo-00542-00133887-00134777 a university jurisdiction to greet in
+4eNf5NSsimo-00543-00134778-00134936 another field of studies or has
+4eNf5NSsimo-00544-00134937-00135137 previously earned a basic law degree
+4eNf5NSsimo-00545-00135138-00135356 comparable to paralegal an associate
+4eNf5NSsimo-00546-00135357-00135557 degree in u.s. from a specialized law
+4eNf5NSsimo-00547-00135558-00135857 College Bachelor juris degree equivalent
+4eNf5NSsimo-00548-00135858-00136145 to Bachelor of Laws LLB maybe earned
+4eNf5NSsimo-00549-00136146-00136337 concurrently with another bachelor's or
+4eNf5NSsimo-00550-00136338-00136520 master's degree in some universities
+4eNf5NSsimo-00551-00136521-00136694 comparable to a double major
+4eNf5NSsimo-00552-00136695-00136922 note that this fused one degree
+4eNf5NSsimo-00553-00136923-00137012 specialist
+4eNf5NSsimo-00554-00137013-00137216 educational scheme has coexisted with
+4eNf5NSsimo-00555-00137217-00137359 the two degree bachelor's master's
+4eNf5NSsimo-00556-00137360-00137633 scheme since Russia and Ukraine launched
+4eNf5NSsimo-00557-00137634-00137828 their higher education reforms to bring
+4eNf5NSsimo-00558-00137829-00138023 the domestic educational systems in
+4eNf5NSsimo-00559-00138024-00138179 closer compliance with the Bologna
+4eNf5NSsimo-00560-00138180-00138521 Accords see also academic degree the
+4eNf5NSsimo-00561-00138522-00138761 latest educational reforms created new
+4eNf5NSsimo-00562-00138762-00138986 system where a four-year la program is
+4eNf5NSsimo-00563-00138987-00139172 offered at the universities for earning
+4eNf5NSsimo-00564-00139173-00139370 bachelor's degree and a five-year la
+4eNf5NSsimo-00565-00139371-00139565 program is offered for master's degree
+4eNf5NSsimo-00566-00139566-00139832 the degree of specialist is no longer
+4eNf5NSsimo-00567-00139833-00140021 awarded and is renamed into master's
+4eNf5NSsimo-00568-00140022-00140346 degree
+4eNf5NSsimo-00569-00140347-00140824 topic Serbia
+4eNf5NSsimo-00570-00140825-00141085 to become a lawyer in Serbia students
+4eNf5NSsimo-00571-00141086-00141301 must graduate from an accredited faculty
+4eNf5NSsimo-00572-00141302-00141613 of law studies last four five years ten
+4eNf5NSsimo-00573-00141614-00141814 semesters in accordance to the Bologna
+4eNf5NSsimo-00574-00141815-00142060 Convention to become a student of the
+4eNf5NSsimo-00575-00142061-00142300 Faculty of law a candidate must pass the
+4eNf5NSsimo-00576-00142301-00142585 admission test students are divided into
+4eNf5NSsimo-00577-00142586-00142756 full-time students and part-time
+4eNf5NSsimo-00578-00142757-00142981 students the practical training for
+4eNf5NSsimo-00579-00142982-00143173 students is organized at courts of law
+4eNf5NSsimo-00580-00143174-00143356 and local and international Moot Court
+4eNf5NSsimo-00581-00143357-00143659 competitions a lawyer must pass the
+4eNf5NSsimo-00582-00143660-00143866 National Bar Examination to become an
+4eNf5NSsimo-00583-00143867-00144437 attorney a judge or a prosecutor
+4eNf5NSsimo-00584-00144438-00144942 topic South Africa
+4eNf5NSsimo-00585-00144943-00145287 in South Africa the LLB is the universal
+4eNf5NSsimo-00586-00145288-00145488 legal qualification for admission and
+4eNf5NSsimo-00587-00145489-00145682 enrollment as an advocate or attorney
+4eNf5NSsimo-00588-00145683-00146094 since 1998 LLB programs may be entered
+4eNf5NSsimo-00589-00146095-00146295 directly at the undergraduate level at
+4eNf5NSsimo-00590-00146296-00146553 the same time the LLB continues to be
+4eNf5NSsimo-00591-00146554-00146730 offered postgraduate and may then be
+4eNf5NSsimo-00592-00146731-00146919 accelerated dependent on the bachelors
+4eNf5NSsimo-00593-00146920-00147231 degree the program lasts between two and
+4eNf5NSsimo-00594-00147232-00147435 four years correspondingly compare
+4eNf5NSsimo-00595-00147436-00147729 Australia above C Bachelor of Laws
+4eNf5NSsimo-00596-00147730-00148032 hashtag South Africa although not
+4eNf5NSsimo-00597-00148033-00148215 formally required for specialized
+4eNf5NSsimo-00598-00148216-00148488 practice further training eg in tax is
+4eNf5NSsimo-00599-00148489-00148728 usually via postgraduate diplomas or
+4eNf5NSsimo-00600-00148729-00149039 focused course work based LLM programs
+4eNf5NSsimo-00601-00149040-00149409 research degrees are the LLM and ll D or
+4eNf5NSsimo-00602-00149410-00149760 PhD depending on university the Master's
+4eNf5NSsimo-00603-00149761-00149958 dissertation reflects an ability to
+4eNf5NSsimo-00604-00149959-00150165 conduct independent research whereas the
+4eNf5NSsimo-00605-00150166-00150336 doctoral thesis will in addition
+4eNf5NSsimo-00606-00150337-00150549 constitute an original contribution to
+4eNf5NSsimo-00607-00150550-00150825 the field of law in question a doctorate
+4eNf5NSsimo-00608-00150826-00151044 generally is required for positions in
+4eNf5NSsimo-00609-00151045-00151377 legal academia C Master of Laws hashtag
+4eNf5NSsimo-00610-00151378-00151629 South Africa Doctor of Law hashtag South
+4eNf5NSsimo-00611-00151630-00151983 Africa historically the be proc and B
+4eNf5NSsimo-00612-00151984-00152184 juris where the legal degrees offered at
+4eNf5NSsimo-00613-00152185-00152451 the undergraduate level the four-year B
+4eNf5NSsimo-00614-00152452-00152658 proc qualified one to practice as an
+4eNf5NSsimo-00615-00152659-00152859 attorney or become a prosecutor or
+4eNf5NSsimo-00616-00152860-00153054 magistrate in the lower courts but did
+4eNf5NSsimo-00617-00153055-00153237 not allow for admission as an advocate
+4eNf5NSsimo-00618-00153238-00153516 the three-year B juris was the basic
+4eNf5NSsimo-00619-00153517-00153690 requirement for prosecutors and
+4eNf5NSsimo-00620-00153691-00153888 magistrates in the lower courts but on
+4eNf5NSsimo-00621-00153889-00154071 its own did not qualify one to practice
+4eNf5NSsimo-00622-00154072-00154371 as an attorney both offered admission to
+4eNf5NSsimo-00623-00154372-00154614 the LLB for admission as an attorney one
+4eNf5NSsimo-00624-00154615-00154938 serves articles as a candidate attorney
+4eNf5NSsimo-00625-00154939-00155139 with a practicing attorney for two years
+4eNf5NSsimo-00626-00155140-00155454 and then writes a board exam set by the
+4eNf5NSsimo-00627-00155455-00155703 relevant provincial law society see
+4eNf5NSsimo-00628-00155704-00155946 attorneys in South Africa the length of
+4eNf5NSsimo-00629-00155947-00156144 articles may be reduced by attending a
+4eNf5NSsimo-00630-00156145-00156324 practical legal training course or
+4eNf5NSsimo-00631-00156325-00156633 performing community service attorneys
+4eNf5NSsimo-00632-00156634-00156840 may additionally qualify as notaries and
+4eNf5NSsimo-00633-00156841-00157062 conveyancers via the conveyancing and
+4eNf5NSsimo-00634-00157063-00157281 notarial practice examinations those
+4eNf5NSsimo-00635-00157282-00157467 with technical or scientific training
+4eNf5NSsimo-00636-00157468-00157692 may further qualify as patent attorneys
+4eNf5NSsimo-00637-00157693-00157958 C patent attorney hashtag South Africa
+4eNf5NSsimo-00638-00157959-00158208 the requirements to enter private
+4eNf5NSsimo-00639-00158209-00158328 practices advocate
+4eNf5NSsimo-00640-00158329-00158526 Junior Council are to become members of
+4eNf5NSsimo-00641-00158527-00158784 a Bar Association by undergoing a period
+4eNf5NSsimo-00642-00158785-00158988 of training pupilage for one year with a
+4eNf5NSsimo-00643-00158989-00159150 practicing advocate and to sit an
+4eNf5NSsimo-00644-00159151-00159372 admission examination on the
+4eNf5NSsimo-00645-00159373-00159567 recommendation of the bar councils an
+4eNf5NSsimo-00646-00159568-00159855 advocate of proven experience and skill
+4eNf5NSsimo-00647-00159856-00160131 with at least 10 years experience may be
+4eNf5NSsimo-00648-00160132-00160299 appointed by the president of South
+4eNf5NSsimo-00649-00160300-00160584 Africa as a senior council SC also
+4eNf5NSsimo-00650-00160585-00160917 referred to as a silk see advocates in
+4eNf5NSsimo-00651-00160918-00161196 South Africa the Act regulating
+4eNf5NSsimo-00652-00161197-00161381 admission to practice law the
+4eNf5NSsimo-00653-00161382-00161619 qualifications of legal practitioners
+4eNf5NSsimo-00654-00161620-00162353 Amendment Act of 1997 is being revised
+4eNf5NSsimo-00655-00162354-00162871 topic South American countries
+4eNf5NSsimo-00656-00162872-00163105 the law of South America is one of the
+4eNf5NSsimo-00657-00163106-00163384 most unified in the world all countries
+4eNf5NSsimo-00658-00163385-00163591 can be said to follow civil law systems
+4eNf5NSsimo-00659-00163592-00163780 although recent developments in the law
+4eNf5NSsimo-00660-00163781-00163981 of Brazil suggest a move towards the
+4eNf5NSsimo-00661-00163982-00164248 stare decisis doctrine moreover all
+4eNf5NSsimo-00662-00164249-00164443 countries have recently signed up to the
+4eNf5NSsimo-00663-00164444-00164572 Union of South American Nations
+4eNf5NSsimo-00664-00164573-00164779 agreement which aims to establish a
+4eNf5NSsimo-00665-00164780-00164995 system of supranational law along the
+4eNf5NSsimo-00666-00164996-00165407 lines of the European Union
+4eNf5NSsimo-00667-00165408-00165906 topic sri lanka
+4eNf5NSsimo-00668-00165907-00166185 in order to practice law in sri lanka a
+4eNf5NSsimo-00669-00166186-00166389 lawyer must be admitted and enrolled as
+4eNf5NSsimo-00670-00166390-00166572 an attorney at law of the supreme court
+4eNf5NSsimo-00671-00166573-00166779 of the democratic socialist republic of
+4eNf5NSsimo-00672-00166780-00167031 sri lanka to be admitted to the bar a
+4eNf5NSsimo-00673-00167032-00167277 law student must complete law exams held
+4eNf5NSsimo-00674-00167278-00167496 by the Sri Lanka Law College and undergo
+4eNf5NSsimo-00675-00167497-00167691 a six-month period of apprenticeship
+4eNf5NSsimo-00676-00167692-00167949 under a senior practicing lawyer there
+4eNf5NSsimo-00677-00167950-00168243 are two routes taken by students those
+4eNf5NSsimo-00678-00168244-00168461 who have gained a law degree an LLB
+4eNf5NSsimo-00679-00168462-00168756 which is three to four years long in Sri
+4eNf5NSsimo-00680-00168757-00168993 Lankan State Universities of University
+4eNf5NSsimo-00681-00168994-00169245 of Colombo University of jaffna Open
+4eNf5NSsimo-00682-00169246-00169488 University of Sri Lanka and University
+4eNf5NSsimo-00683-00169489-00169704 of Paradis Nia are given direct entry to
+4eNf5NSsimo-00684-00169705-00169932 undertake law exams at the Sri Lanka Law
+4eNf5NSsimo-00685-00169933-00170193 College those who don't hold a law
+4eNf5NSsimo-00686-00170194-00170370 degree could gain entrance to the Sri
+4eNf5NSsimo-00687-00170371-00170571 Lanka Law College via a competitive
+4eNf5NSsimo-00688-00170572-00170799 entrance exam to study law and prepare
+4eNf5NSsimo-00689-00170800-00170988 for the law exams both groups of
+4eNf5NSsimo-00690-00170989-00171168 students must undergo a period of
+4eNf5NSsimo-00691-00171169-00171369 apprenticeship under a senior practicing
+4eNf5NSsimo-00692-00171370-00171540 lawyer who has at least eight years of
+4eNf5NSsimo-00693-00171541-00171813 practicing experience to become a judge
+4eNf5NSsimo-00694-00171814-00172002 one must be admitted as an attorney at
+4eNf5NSsimo-00695-00172003-00172302 law
+4eNf5NSsimo-00696-00172303-00172812 topic united kingdom
+4eNf5NSsimo-00697-00172813-00173066 in England and Wales lot can be studied
+4eNf5NSsimo-00698-00173067-00173265 as an undergraduate degree or in a
+4eNf5NSsimo-00699-00173266-00173429 graduate diploma in the law where
+4eNf5NSsimo-00700-00173430-00173571 students complete the common
+4eNf5NSsimo-00701-00173572-00173826 professional examination after obtaining
+4eNf5NSsimo-00702-00173827-00174018 the degree which is necessary to
+4eNf5NSsimo-00703-00174019-00174243 complete certain vocational courses and
+4eNf5NSsimo-00704-00174244-00174438 to serve a period of on-the-job training
+4eNf5NSsimo-00705-00174439-00174609 before one is able to qualify to
+4eNf5NSsimo-00706-00174610-00174846 practice as a barrister legal executive
+4eNf5NSsimo-00707-00174847-00175143 or solicitor Bar professional training
+4eNf5NSsimo-00708-00175144-00175296 course has regarded as one of the
+4eNf5NSsimo-00709-00175297-00175494 hardest degrees and presently it is the
+4eNf5NSsimo-00710-00175495-00175962 most expensive law related degree
+4eNf5NSsimo-00711-00175963-00176482 topic United States
+4eNf5NSsimo-00712-00176483-00176725 the education of lawyers in the United
+4eNf5NSsimo-00713-00176726-00176914 States has generally undertaken through
+4eNf5NSsimo-00714-00176915-00177109 a law school program although in some
+4eNf5NSsimo-00715-00177110-00177303 states such as California and Virginia
+4eNf5NSsimo-00716-00177304-00177505 applicants who have not attended law
+4eNf5NSsimo-00717-00177506-00177700 school may qualify to take the bar exam
+4eNf5NSsimo-00718-00177701-00177952 legal education in the United States
+4eNf5NSsimo-00719-00177953-00178105 normally proceeds along the following
+4eNf5NSsimo-00720-00178106-00178456 route undergraduate education usually
+4eNf5NSsimo-00721-00178457-00178786 four years law school usually three
+4eNf5NSsimo-00722-00178787-00179107 years admission to the bar usually by
+4eNf5NSsimo-00723-00179108-00179440 taking a state's bar exam legal practice
+4eNf5NSsimo-00724-00179441-00179677 in the United States in most cases the
+4eNf5NSsimo-00725-00179678-00179842 degree awarded by American law schools
+4eNf5NSsimo-00726-00179843-00180091 as the Doctor of Jurisprudence or juris
+4eNf5NSsimo-00727-00180092-00180373 doctor JD a doctoral degree the pursuit
+4eNf5NSsimo-00728-00180374-00180577 of which students undertake only after
+4eNf5NSsimo-00729-00180578-00180775 having completed an undergraduate degree
+4eNf5NSsimo-00730-00180776-00180988 in some other field usually a bachelor's
+4eNf5NSsimo-00731-00180989-00181243 degree the law school program is
+4eNf5NSsimo-00732-00181244-00181423 considered to be a professional school
+4eNf5NSsimo-00733-00181424-00181648 program and upon graduation you receive
+4eNf5NSsimo-00734-00181649-00181834 the distinct title of Doctor although
+4eNf5NSsimo-00735-00181835-00182005 most states strictly regulate the
+4eNf5NSsimo-00736-00182006-00182196 ability of attorneys to style themselves
+4eNf5NSsimo-00737-00182197-00182623 doctor research degrees that are awarded
+4eNf5NSsimo-00738-00182624-00182914 include the Master of Laws LLM doctor of
+4eNf5NSsimo-00739-00182915-00183247 juridical science degrees J SDRs JD and
+4eNf5NSsimo-00740-00183248-00183532 doctor of comparative law DCL our post
+4eNf5NSsimo-00741-00183533-00183757 undergraduate and research and academic
+4eNf5NSsimo-00742-00183758-00184063 based level degrees in the US the Legum
+4eNf5NSsimo-00743-00184064-00184324 Doctor ll D is only awarded as an
+4eNf5NSsimo-00744-00184325-00184642 honorary degree a number of law students
+4eNf5NSsimo-00745-00184643-00184864 apply for an optional judicial clerkship
+4eNf5NSsimo-00746-00184865-00185137 less than 10% end up in such position to
+4eNf5NSsimo-00747-00185138-00185302 be taken after law school and before
+4eNf5NSsimo-00748-00185303-00185614 legal practice clerkships usually lasts
+4eNf5NSsimo-00749-00185615-00185833 one year with appellate courts but trial
+4eNf5NSsimo-00750-00185834-00186052 level courts including federal district
+4eNf5NSsimo-00751-00186053-00186223 court are increasingly moving towards
+4eNf5NSsimo-00752-00186224-00186517 two-year clerkships once a student has
+4eNf5NSsimo-00753-00186518-00186751 graduated from law school he or she is
+4eNf5NSsimo-00754-00186752-00186937 expected to pursue admission to the bar
+4eNf5NSsimo-00755-00186938-00187231 in order to practice requirements for
+4eNf5NSsimo-00756-00187232-00187408 membership in the bar vary across the
+4eNf5NSsimo-00757-00187409-00187693 United States in almost every state the
+4eNf5NSsimo-00758-00187694-00187891 only way to be admitted to the bar as to
+4eNf5NSsimo-00759-00187892-00188077 pass it usually multi-day written
+4eNf5NSsimo-00760-00188078-00188368 examination once admitted most states
+4eNf5NSsimo-00761-00188369-00188560 require attorneys to must meet certain
+4eNf5NSsimo-00762-00188561-00188758 continuing legal education CLE
+4eNf5NSsimo-00763-00188759-00189082 requirements academic degrees for non
+4eNf5NSsimo-00764-00189083-00189226 lawyers are available at the
+4eNf5NSsimo-00765-00189227-00189417 baccalaureate and master's level a
+4eNf5NSsimo-00766-00189418-00189679 common baccalaureate level degree as a
+4eNf5NSsimo-00767-00189680-00189868 Bachelor of Science in legal
+4eNf5NSsimo-00768-00189869-00190162 bs academic master's degrees in legal
+4eNf5NSsimo-00769-00190163-00190372 studies are available such as the master
+4eNf5NSsimo-00770-00190373-00190567 of studies ms and the master of
+4eNf5NSsimo-00771-00190568-00190666 professional studies
+4eNf5NSsimo-00772-00190667-00191011 mps such a degree is not required to
+4eNf5NSsimo-00773-00191012-00191314 enter a JD program foreign lawyers
+4eNf5NSsimo-00774-00191315-00191515 seeking to practice in the u.s. who do
+4eNf5NSsimo-00775-00191516-00191725 not have a JD often seek to obtain a
+4eNf5NSsimo-00776-00191726-00192070 Master of Laws LLM or other degrees
+4eNf5NSsimo-00777-00192071-00192316 similar to the LLM such as the juris
+4eNf5NSsimo-00778-00192317-00192649 master JME master of comparative law MCL
+4eNf5NSsimo-00779-00192650-00193257 and master of jurisprudence MJ
+4eNf5NSsimo-00780-00193258-00193775 topic see also
+4eNf5NSsimo-00781-00193776-00194165 topic references
+4hiu6MkafrM-00000-00000056-00000191 i'm coming to you from pittsburgh
+4hiu6MkafrM-00001-00000192-00000375 pennsylvania which believe it or not is
+4hiu6MkafrM-00002-00000376-00000615 the autonomous vehicle capital world
+4hiu6MkafrM-00003-00000616-00000894 um we have all of the autonomous vehicle
+4hiu6MkafrM-00004-00000896-00001135 companies have offices here most of the
+4hiu6MkafrM-00005-00001136-00001295 large ones anyway
+4hiu6MkafrM-00006-00001296-00001462 google's been here for years and and
+4hiu6MkafrM-00007-00001463-00001607 we're used to sharing the road with
+4hiu6MkafrM-00008-00001607-00001767 these vehicles we drive around in the
+4hiu6MkafrM-00009-00001768-00001998 city and we see them driving around with
+4hiu6MkafrM-00010-00002000-00002183 all the equipment on the roof
+4hiu6MkafrM-00011-00002184-00002359 so that's that's been a normal thing for
+4hiu6MkafrM-00012-00002360-00002687 us here uh for many years now
+4hiu6MkafrM-00013-00002688-00002847 certainly autonomous vehicles are going
+4hiu6MkafrM-00014-00002848-00003126 to have a lot of impact to things like
+4hiu6MkafrM-00015-00003127-00003343 public transportation personal vehicle
+4hiu6MkafrM-00016-00003344-00003535 use and as a result it's going to have
+4hiu6MkafrM-00017-00003536-00003735 an impact on city planning and
+4hiu6MkafrM-00018-00003736-00003943 infrastructure development one thing i
+4hiu6MkafrM-00019-00003944-00004151 think we'll definitely see is you know
+4hiu6MkafrM-00020-00004152-00004431 lanes dedicated on the interstate to
+4hiu6MkafrM-00021-00004432-00004727 autonomous vehicles as an example
+4hiu6MkafrM-00022-00004728-00004919 but the first place that i think it's
+4hiu6MkafrM-00023-00004920-00005151 going to have an impact is in commercial
+4hiu6MkafrM-00024-00005152-00005351 transportation and trucking
+4hiu6MkafrM-00025-00005352-00005551 especially in the long haul
+4hiu6MkafrM-00026-00005552-00005815 transportation or trucking market so i'd
+4hiu6MkafrM-00027-00005816-00006022 like to go through some pros and cons as
+4hiu6MkafrM-00028-00006023-00006222 it relates to trucking
+4hiu6MkafrM-00029-00006223-00006406 one of the things that autonomous
+4hiu6MkafrM-00030-00006408-00006606 vehicles could help with is solving the
+4hiu6MkafrM-00031-00006608-00006903 driver shortage problem
+4hiu6MkafrM-00032-00006904-00007103 creating more capacity especially in
+4hiu6MkafrM-00033-00007104-00007319 that long-haul market
+4hiu6MkafrM-00034-00007320-00007583 where it's more difficult to hire and
+4hiu6MkafrM-00035-00007584-00007814 retain drivers
+4hiu6MkafrM-00036-00007815-00008006 definitely going to create a lot more
+4hiu6MkafrM-00037-00008008-00008199 efficiency these vehicles will be able
+4hiu6MkafrM-00038-00008200-00008407 to drive continuously there won't be any
+4hiu6MkafrM-00039-00008408-00008695 concerns about hours of service rules
+4hiu6MkafrM-00040-00008696-00008855 they'll be able to avoid congestion
+4hiu6MkafrM-00041-00008856-00009103 driving it off hours
+4hiu6MkafrM-00042-00009104-00009295 which could and because we're removing
+4hiu6MkafrM-00043-00009296-00009495 the driver they're removing the driver
+4hiu6MkafrM-00044-00009496-00009646 from the equation there could be low
+4hiu6MkafrM-00045-00009647-00009831 potentially lower costs and create
+4hiu6MkafrM-00046-00009832-00010127 higher demand for trucking
+4hiu6MkafrM-00047-00010128-00010399 also in theory they're going to be safer
+4hiu6MkafrM-00048-00010400-00010606 which why i say in theory is because i
+4hiu6MkafrM-00049-00010607-00010751 know they're going to be good at known
+4hiu6MkafrM-00050-00010752-00010927 things like
+4hiu6MkafrM-00051-00010928-00011167 you know traffic patterns you know
+4hiu6MkafrM-00052-00011168-00011471 predictable behaviors but i'm not so
+4hiu6MkafrM-00053-00011472-00011591 sure they're going to be good at
+4hiu6MkafrM-00054-00011592-00011783 unpredictable behaviors yet i haven't
+4hiu6MkafrM-00055-00011784-00012014 seen where that is something that i feel
+4hiu6MkafrM-00056-00012015-00012183 confident they're going to be
+4hiu6MkafrM-00057-00012184-00012438 good with what i mean by that is things
+4hiu6MkafrM-00058-00012439-00012599 like pedestrians stepping into the
+4hiu6MkafrM-00059-00012600-00012863 street unexpectedly or a deer running
+4hiu6MkafrM-00060-00012863-00013022 across the interstate
+4hiu6MkafrM-00061-00013023-00013335 so until that occurs i i'm a little less
+4hiu6MkafrM-00062-00013336-00013543 comfortable about sharing the road with
+4hiu6MkafrM-00063-00013544-00013758 those vehicles
+4hiu6MkafrM-00064-00013759-00013975 some of the cons
+4hiu6MkafrM-00065-00013976-00014199 definitely lots of trucker jobs but what
+4hiu6MkafrM-00066-00014200-00014383 that might translate to is better
+4hiu6MkafrM-00067-00014384-00014511 trucking jobs
+4hiu6MkafrM-00068-00014512-00014751 so if they're handling initially the
+4hiu6MkafrM-00069-00014752-00014966 long-haul trucking routes
+4hiu6MkafrM-00070-00014968-00015135 you'll most likely have drivers at the
+4hiu6MkafrM-00071-00015136-00015311 origins and destinations that would be
+4hiu6MkafrM-00072-00015312-00015550 handling multiple loads a day
+4hiu6MkafrM-00073-00015551-00015799 dropping and hooking and they would be
+4hiu6MkafrM-00074-00015800-00015958 home every night which would be a better
+4hiu6MkafrM-00075-00015959-00016143 job than that long-haul long-haul
+4hiu6MkafrM-00076-00016144-00016311 trucking job
+4hiu6MkafrM-00077-00016312-00016543 certainly lots to work out around
+4hiu6MkafrM-00078-00016544-00016719 liability as well
+4hiu6MkafrM-00079-00016720-00016983 if a vehicle with a run by computer is
+4hiu6MkafrM-00080-00016984-00017239 in an accident who's going to be liable
+4hiu6MkafrM-00081-00017240-00017399 lots more to come there that has to be
+4hiu6MkafrM-00082-00017400-00017575 worked out
+4hiu6MkafrM-00083-00017576-00017767 autonomous one of the things i'm sure of
+4hiu6MkafrM-00084-00017768-00017958 though is that autonomous vehicles will
+4hiu6MkafrM-00085-00017959-00018183 definitely introduce chaos
+4hiu6MkafrM-00086-00018184-00018350 similar to what the car did to the horse
+4hiu6MkafrM-00087-00018351-00018543 and buggy many years ago
+4hiu6MkafrM-00088-00018544-00018735 we do live in exciting times but i
+4hiu6MkafrM-00089-00018736-00018919 almost guarantee it's going to be a very
+4hiu6MkafrM-00090-00018920-00019251 bumpy ride
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00000-00000033-00001028 [Music]
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00001-00001029-00001558 [Applause]
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00002-00001559-00001973 welcome back in the last segment we
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00003-00001973-00002401 discussed how to model a real life
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00004-00002402-00002699 system system with some state using a
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00005-00002700-00003140 program in this segment we are going to
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00006-00003141-00003874 discuss arithmetic on very large numbers
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00007-00003875-00004247 now the standard representation that C++
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00008-00004248-00004777 provides can contains Allah allows you
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00009-00004778-00005117 to have numbers with only a certain
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00010-00005118-00005467 precision and certain range of exponents
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00011-00005468-00005815 so for example if you are looking at
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00012-00005816-00006393 floats you will have some 23 bits of
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00013-00006394-00006812 mantissa are significant and you will
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00014-00006813-00007238 have 11 bits of the exponent and
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00015-00007239-00007495 similarly for integers there is so say
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00016-00007497-00007994 if you have an unsigned end then you
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00017-00007995-00008267 will have 32 bits given for representing
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00018-00008268-00008498 the integer if you say long you may get
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00019-00008499-00008933 64 bits but what if you want to
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00020-00008934-00009269 represent very high number of digits
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00021-00009270-00009535 okay so these be yeah so these digits
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00022-00009536-00009739 that C++ provides are usually very easy
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00023-00009740-00010237 to it okay but sometimes you may want to
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00024-00010238-00010520 represent numbers to very high digits
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00025-00010521-00010810 say for example you might have seen the
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00026-00010811-00011056 value of pi calculated to a thousand
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00027-00011057-00011242 places how do they do that
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00028-00011243-00011558 okay so that is that is sort of the
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00029-00011559-00011726 topic that we want to talk about right
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00030-00011727-00011827 now
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00031-00011828-00012331 okay now it turns out that sort of a
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00032-00012332-00012685 central idea in this is to mimic what
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00033-00012686-00012883 you do manually okay so what do you do
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00034-00012884-00013076 manually you
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00035-00013077-00013469 with each digit separately so in your in
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00036-00013469-00013718 you when you do the arithmetic you look
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00037-00013719-00013949 at digit one at a time so in your
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00038-00013950-00014333 program as well you typically will do
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00039-00014334-00014480 something like look I am going to have a
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00040-00014481-00014690 thousand iterations to process a
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00041-00014691-00014876 thousand digit number something like
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00042-00014877-00015313 that okay now this turns out to be
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00043-00015315-00015656 somewhat involved but what we are going
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00044-00015657-00015833 to do in this segment is we are going to
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00045-00015834-00016118 give you a glimpse a very brief
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00046-00016119-00016363 introduction to how this is possibly
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00047-00016365-00016529 done okay it's going to be a very
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00048-00016530-00016841 simplified example but it will give you
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00049-00016842-00017192 some idea the specific problem that we
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00050-00017193-00017407 are going to consider is the following
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00051-00017408-00017711 so you are asked to read a thousand
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00052-00017712-00018101 digit number divided by two and print
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00053-00018102-00018602 the quotient okay now I'm going to talk
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00054-00018603-00018758 about thousand digits there is a very
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00055-00018759-00019070 natural question how do we store a
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00056-00019071-00019550 thousand digit number do we need
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00057-00019551-00019967 thousand variables especially if we say
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00058-00019968-00020174 that we want to have you want to
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00059-00020175-00020606 separately store each digit well seems
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00060-00020607-00020744 like there is no getting away from
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00061-00020745-00021188 having a thousand variables and but we
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00062-00021189-00021719 have to write end digit one digit two
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00063-00021720-00022037 digit 3 and so on thousand times even
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00064-00022038-00022534 that sounds just completely painful well
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00065-00022535-00022898 in general you will need to do that not
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00066-00022899-00023066 right now not with the program that I'm
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00067-00023067-00023254 going to show you thank God
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00068-00023255-00023705 you will need to do that ok and very
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00069-00023706-00023999 soon we are going to see some we are
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00070-00024000-00024224 going to see a c++ feature called an
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00071-00024225-00024479 array which will enable you to do this
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00072-00024480-00024716 very easily but right now we don't know
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00073-00024717-00025079 it today what we are going to do is we
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00074-00025080-00025397 are going to not bother storing all the
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00075-00025398-00025982 digits instead we read one digit we do
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00076-00025983-00026162 everything that needs to be done with
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00077-00026163-00026405 that digit and then
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00078-00026406-00026789 forget it okay this may not always be
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00079-00026789-00026965 possible but it is possible for the
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00080-00026966-00027414 problem that we have on our hands today
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00081-00027416-00027680 it will not work in general in general
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00082-00027681-00027862 he will need to remember all the
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00083-00027863-00028130 thousand digits okay and we will do you
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00084-00028131-00028268 will see how that can be done when you
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00085-00028269-00028508 have learnt arrays but the basic
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00086-00028508-00028714 principle can be understood even right
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00087-00028716-00029461 now okay so suppose we have some way of
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00088-00029462-00029812 getting through to the digits how do we
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00089-00029813-00030101 manually divide okay how do we divide so
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00090-00030102-00030487 we said we do it manually okay so let us
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00091-00030488-00030782 try to understand how that happens so
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00092-00030783-00031037 let's say we want to divide this large
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00093-00031038-00031382 number by 25 how do we divide it so let
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00094-00031383-00031736 me write that down so our number is 1 2
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00095-00031737-00032452 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 okay how do we divide this
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00096-00032454-00032737 we want to divide this by 25 then
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00097-00032738-00033127 probably we write something like this ok
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00098-00033128-00033396 then we look at the very first number
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00099-00033397-00033515 okay
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00100-00033516-00033890 so can this number be divided by 25 or
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00101-00033891-00034151 is it is this too small well if it is
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00102-00034152-00034673 too small we put a 0 over here okay then
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00103-00034674-00034825 we go on to the next number
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00104-00034826-00035579 okay 1 2 can it be divided well no so we
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00105-00035580-00035876 put a 0 over here again then we bring in
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00106-00035877-00036104 the third number okay can it be divided
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00107-00036105-00036425 well yes now it can be divided so what
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00108-00036426-00036698 kind of a quotient can we try out well
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00109-00036699-00037001 we can try out a quotient for in which
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00110-00037002-00037361 we get case we get hundred over here ok
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00111-00037362-00037655 and then we subtract so we get a 23 over
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00112-00037656-00037717 here
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00113-00037718-00038174 ok all right so what is going on so we
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00114-00038175-00038450 are going to look at some most
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00115-00038451-00038869 significant digits of our diffident and
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00116-00038870-00039302 this part is what I am going to call as
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00117-00039303-00039511 the temporary dividend
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00118-00039512-00039739 so we are going to divide the temporary
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00119-00039740-00039958 dividend by 25 actually we are going to
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00120-00039959-00040168 divide even this one this one was also a
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00121-00040169-00040420 temporary dividend okay but say in this
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00122-00040421-00040593 case this is the temporary dividend we
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00123-00040594-00040737 are going to divide it by the divisor
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00124-00040738-00040968 and we are going to get a quotient so we
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00125-00040969-00041155 are going to subtract that subtract the
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00126-00041156-00041311 product of the quotient and the divisor
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00127-00041312-00041518 from our temporary dividend and we are
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00128-00041519-00041875 going to get the remainder what do we do
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00129-00041876-00042082 with this remainder so we bring in the
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00130-00042083-00042568 next digit so 234 okay so we bring in
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00131-00042569-00042996 the next digit and attach it to the end
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00132-00042997-00043362 of the temporary of the of the remainder
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00133-00043363-00043585 but what does it mean to attach it to
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00134-00043586-00043954 the end so this simply means we are
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00135-00043955-00044314 taking the remainder multiplying it by
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00136-00044315-00044762 10 and then we are adding the new digit
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00137-00044763-00045130 okay so the remainder was 23 the new
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00138-00045131-00045409 digit was 4 so we got 234 so this is our
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00139-00045410-00045898 new temporary dividend so again we are
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00140-00045899-00046156 going to try and divide this temporary
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00141-00046157-00046390 divide dividend by the quotient so what
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00142-00046391-00046600 do we get so this time we'll get a 9
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00143-00046601-00047052 over here so we will put two 2225 over
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00144-00047053-00047427 here and we will get nine as the
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00145-00047428-00047782 remainder over here again we continue so
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00146-00047783-00048067 we are going to get a 95 again we use
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00147-00048068-00048337 this step remainder times 10 last digit
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00148-00048338-00048633 okay as this is our new temporary
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00149-00048634-00049096 dividend ok so now this we are going to
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00150-00049097-00049318 have 3 as our quotient so we are going
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00151-00049319-00049606 to get a 75 and then we are going to get
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00152-00049607-00050368 as remainder faintly ok so then again we
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00153-00050369-00050560 are going to bring the six down over
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00154-00050561-00050817 here and that is going to be our
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00155-00050818-00051767 temporary dependent
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00156-00051769-00052111 so this was the temporary dividend this
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00157-00052112-00052266 was the temporary dividend this was a
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00158-00052267-00052513 temporary dividend and these were also
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00159-00052514-00052858 the temporary dividends okay how do we
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00160-00052859-00053050 form the temporary dividend we have a
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00161-00053051-00053353 remainder from the previous iteration so
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00162-00053354-00053494 at this point we can think of the
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00163-00053495-00053701 iteration the previous remainder being
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00164-00053702-00053944 zero but if there was a previous
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00165-00053945-00054160 remainder we multiply it by ten then we
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00166-00054161-00054420 add the new digit and that gives us our
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00167-00054421-00054754 our temporary dividend then we try to
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00168-00054754-00054922 divide the temporary dividend by our
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00169-00054923-00055414 divisor okay and the quotient goes into
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00170-00055415-00056032 our solution okay so notice you can you
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00171-00056033-00056176 know it will notice that we are
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00172-00056177-00056529 processing the digits in a left-to-right
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00173-00056530-00056929 order once we process one two three then
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00174-00056929-00057160 this one is completely useless we don't
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00175-00057161-00057247 have to remember it
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00176-00057248-00057589 so after we process two three four these
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00177-00057590-00057966 digits are completely useless so we are
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00178-00057967-00058264 at at any time we are at most
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00179-00058265-00058687 keeping one extra digit beyond the size
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00180-00058688-00059149 of this of this divisor okay so all the
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00181-00059150-00059383 previous digits we don't have to worry
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00182-00059384-00059679 about so that's how we are going to get
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00183-00059680-00059880 by without storing everything so we are
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00184-00059882-00060111 not even reading this digits we are
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00185-00060112-00060412 initially we are going to read them only
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00186-00060413-00060591 when we actually want to look at them
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00187-00060592-00060823 okay so that is the idea that is how we
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00188-00060824-00061191 can get by without maintaining too much
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00189-00061192-00061632 state without remembering too much stuff
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00190-00061633-00061954 so again let's let me summarize the
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00191-00061954-00062236 basic iteration so the idea is we are
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00192-00062237-00062430 going to construct a temporary dividend
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00193-00062432-00062764 okay so the temporary dividend in the
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00194-00062765-00063061 very first step is simply the first
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00195-00063062-00063267 digit of the dividend so this is the
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00196-00063269-00063472 huge dividend that was given to us we
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00197-00063473-00063763 just look at the very first digit in
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00198-00063764-00064060 other steps the temporary dividend is
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00199-00064061-00064288 formed in this manner okay so which is
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00200-00064289-00064510 what I have written down over here so it
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00201-00064511-00064704 is formed by taking the remainder from
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00202-00064705-00064757 the pre
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00203-00064758-00065120 division and attaching it the next digit
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00204-00065121-00065396 okay on the left on the right so that
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00205-00065397-00065633 means multiplying this previous
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00206-00065634-00065849 remainder by 10 and adding the next
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00207-00065850-00066050 digit to it so that's how we get the
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00208-00066051-00066338 temporary dividend then we divide the
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00209-00066339-00066529 temporary dividend by the by the divisor
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00210-00066530-00066962 okay the quotient goes to the end of the
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00211-00066963-00067202 overall quotient generated so far okay
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00212-00067203-00067382 so for rent here the nine went here
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00213-00067383-00067691 three went here and so on are we keeping
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00214-00067692-00067820 track of the quotient I'll be
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00215-00067821-00068039 remembering the quotient no we don't
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00216-00068040-00068261 have to as soon as we know that this is
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00217-00068262-00068411 a digit of the quotient we just print it
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00218-00068412-00068567 and we know that we are going to be
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00219-00068568-00068741 printing digits in this order so they
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00220-00068742-00068933 will get they will come out in the right
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00221-00068934-00069013 order
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00222-00069014-00069659 okay and the remainder from this
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00223-00069660-00069875 division so we did a division over here
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00224-00069876-00070121 so from this division we got a quotient
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00225-00070122-00070364 which goes to the end of the overall
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00226-00070365-00070535 question generated so far and the
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00227-00070536-00070814 remainder is used in the next temporary
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00228-00070815-00070883 division
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00229-00070884-00071204 okay so I just written down what I have
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00230-00071205-00071588 shown you in this division over here and
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00231-00071589-00071843 that is exactly what we are going to
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00232-00071844-00072071 mimic in the program that I am going to
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00233-00072072-00072527 show you next well before I get to the
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00234-00072528-00072734 program there is a small technical
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00235-00072735-00073241 problem so we said we want to read in
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00236-00073242-00073385 the digits of a thousand digit number
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00237-00073386-00073670 one at a time but how do we read it the
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00238-00073671-00074096 C++ even allow us to do that okay so
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00239-00074097-00074273 here is what might seem like the natural
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00240-00074274-00074614 strategy so we might say in digit and
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00241-00074615-00074969 then we might read each of those
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00242-00074970-00075485 thousand digits one at a time okay will
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00243-00075486-00075805 this work well if we type in the digits
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00244-00075806-00076157 consecutively in this manner then it
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00245-00076158-00076370 will not work we won't get one the first
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00246-00076371-00076646 time we read it the first time this
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00247-00076647-00076909 command executes C++ will try to
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00248-00076910-00077291 construct this whole thing into a single
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00249-00077292-00077474 number and put it put that into the
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00250-00077475-00077696 digit okay so that's not going to work
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00251-00077697-00078048 okay
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00252-00078049-00078594 if we put a space in between da one and
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00253-00078595-00078985 two then C++ will get a one for us so
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00254-00078986-00079084 that's one possibility
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00255-00079085-00079423 okay so we instead of typing in 1 2 3 4
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00256-00079424-00079626 5 6 6 whatever the digits are we
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00257-00079627-00079849 couldn't put spaces in between then each
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00258-00079850-00080122 time period we will get exactly one
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00259-00080123-00080334 digit okay
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00260-00080335-00080593 but there is an alternate idea which is
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00261-00080594-00080901 slightly nicer which I think you should
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00262-00080902-00081105 know about and therefore I am going to
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00263-00081106-00081490 discuss it so I'm going to not read
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00264-00081491-00081794 integers at all I am going to read in
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00265-00081795-00082062 characters so I am going to have a
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00266-00082063-00082332 character variable C and I am going to
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00267-00082333-00082524 read an into into that character
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00268-00082525-00082701 variable well I am sorry this should
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00269-00082702-00083092 have been see here not care
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00270-00083093-00083353 just to see over here okay so we are
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00271-00083354-00083874 going to read them into C so it will
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00272-00083875-00084099 read the S key representation of one
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00273-00084100-00084568 character okay now I have what was typed
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00274-00084569-00084981 into this variable C so what is in the
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00275-00084982-00085192 sea so suppose I typed six
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00276-00085193-00085476 it contains the ASCII representation of
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00277-00085477-00085926 that character 6 so I am going to
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00278-00085927-00086134 subtract from that ask a representation
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00279-00086135-00086548 of character 6 the sq representation of
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00280-00086549-00087097 character 0 and put the result in digit
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00281-00087098-00087367 I claim that this is going to be the
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00282-00087368-00087679 digit that you really wanted to read ok
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00283-00087680-00087840 let's see why
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00284-00087841-00088137 so the point to note first is that
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00285-00088138-00088372 daisuki representations of 0 1 2 the
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00286-00088373-00088648 digits are in order and the in
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00287-00088649-00088851 particular they are 48 49 50
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00288-00088852-00089457 okay and so on 0 has 48 1 has 49 2 has
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00289-00089458-00090384 53 has 51 4 has 52 5 has 53 and 6 has 54
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00290-00090385-00090726 ok so at this point when I have just
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00291-00090727-00091006 read in and this should be C and not cat
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00292-00091007-00091363 at this point si would get the number 54
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00293-00091364-00092041 inside it this zero is the ASCII value
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00294-00092042-00092530 of the character zero which is 48 so
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00295-00092531-00092992 when you perform this this result will
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00296-00092993-00093283 in fact be 6 and so digit will in fact
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00297-00093284-00093670 become 6 so this is how you extract this
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00298-00093671-00094255 is how you extract this is how you
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00299-00094256-00094570 extract digits from characters you
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00300-00094571-00094873 subtract the character representation of
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00301-00094874-00095236 0 ok so now we are ready to write the
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00302-00095237-00095899 code so let me remind you we have this
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00303-00095900-00096196 notion of a temporary dividend that we
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00304-00096197-00096445 are going to form and for that we need
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00305-00096446-00096589 to know what the remainder from the
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00306-00096590-00096895 previous time is so we are starting with
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00307-00096896-00097069 this at this point there is nothing
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00308-00097070-00097648 previous so the remainder is 0 ok then
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00309-00097649-00097903 we are going to process each digit so
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00310-00097904-00098065 there are thousand digits let's say and
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00311-00098066-00098287 we are going to process them and so what
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00312-00098288-00098659 happens well we are going to read in
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00313-00098660-00099021 each digit then we are going to extract
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00314-00099022-00099364 the actual digit value so as we just
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00315-00099365-00099766 said it is going to be C minus 0 the S
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00316-00099767-00100231 key for 0 then this is the temporary
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00317-00100232-00100498 dividend that I am going to fall so what
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00318-00100499-00100678 was that we said that earlier it's going
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00319-00100679-00100963 to be the remainder times 10 plus the
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00320-00100964-00101404 digit that we just read ok and now this
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00321-00101405-00101583 is going to be divided by the divisor
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00322-00101584-00101884 okay so the divisor in this case let's
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00323-00101885-00102124 say we have fixed a two okay so we just
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00324-00102125-00102292 want in the problem statement we said
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00325-00102293-00102664 that we want to have it so this is the
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00326-00102665-00102957 quotient dividend upon 2 and if you
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00327-00102958-00103249 remember coming back to this picture we
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00328-00103250-00103522 divided this temporary dividend by the
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00329-00103523-00103813 divisor and whatever the quotient was 9
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00330-00103814-00104341 we just declare as a digit of the final
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00331-00104342-00104415 answer
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00332-00104416-00104718 okay so that is exactly what we are
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00333-00104719-00104893 doing over here this is it this is a
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00334-00104894-00105274 digit of the final answer and we are
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00335-00105275-00105408 printing it out right away
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00336-00105409-00105553 we don't have to do anything to it
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00337-00105554-00105745 further so we are just going to printing
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00338-00105746-00105928 we are going to print it out so every
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00339-00105929-00106189 time we figure out a digit of the final
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00340-00106190-00106324 answer we are just going to print it off
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00341-00106325-00106591 so that is what is being done but that
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00342-00106592-00106770 is not enough okay
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00343-00106771-00107061 we need the remainder as well so what is
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00344-00107063-00107215 the remainder the remainder is simply
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00345-00107216-00107479 dividend mod two so if you wanted to
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00346-00107480-00107685 divide by 25 we could just have had we
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00347-00107686-00107914 would just have it to have 25 over here
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00348-00107915-00108082 in both of these places that's it that's
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00349-00108083-00108463 the only change and that's it we just
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00350-00108464-00108874 repeat this so many times and at the end
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00351-00108875-00109075 of it we will have the quotient as we
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00352-00109076-00109306 want we will also have the remainder the
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00353-00109307-00109635 variable remainder will contain the
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00354-00109636-00109791 remainder at the end of the division so
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00355-00109792-00109969 we could print it out if you want but in
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00356-00109970-00110304 this code we are not printed okay
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00357-00110305-00110749 all right so in this manner we will be
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00358-00110750-00110989 able to divide any number which fits in
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00359-00110990-00111307 a single C++ integer variable so as I
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00360-00111308-00111520 said instead of the two over there you
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00361-00111521-00111793 put in whatever number you want but not
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00362-00111794-00111925 you can't say I want to divide a
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00363-00111926-00112123 thousand number a thousand digit number
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00364-00112124-00112489 by another thousand digit number okay so
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00365-00112490-00112645 for other operations you will need to
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00366-00112646-00112897 read the entire numbers first okay you
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00367-00112898-00113320 need arrays which which will be taught
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00368-00113321-00114127 soon and in in this code we supplied how
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00369-00114128-00114421 many digits there are in our number okay
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00370-00114422-00114694 you might say look why can't we have why
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00371-00114695-00114876 do we need to do that is that isn't that
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00372-00114877-00115266 inconvenient okay so can we have the
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00373-00115267-00115627 number terminated by space unfortunately
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00374-00115628-00116136 this arrow arrow command is greater than
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00375-00116138-00116295 greater than command this operator
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00376-00116296-00116668 ignores pieces so there is some other
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00377-00116669-00116854 kind of command which we need to lower
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00378-00116855-00117079 which we will learn a little bit later
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00379-00117080-00117253 okay but for now it can't be done
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00380-00117254-00117463 however if you want to terminate it by a
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00381-00117464-00117753 semicolon or stop or
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00382-00117754-00118033 , or any other printable character that
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00383-00118033-00118531 is possible okay alright so before I
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00384-00118532-00118698 conclude actually I think maybe we
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00385-00118699-00118902 should take a look at the code and run
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00386-00118903-00119637 it okay so let's say I look at this code
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00387-00119638-00119777 called
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00388-00119778-00120033 however the rod CBB okay so this is
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00389-00120034-00120279 exactly the same program oh I think I
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00390-00120280-00120594 have called my character X rather than C
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00391-00120595-00121098 okay and I have put in 20 over here okay
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00392-00121099-00121248 I don't want to put thousand because I
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00393-00121249-00121507 don't want to put house I don't want to
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00394-00121508-00121638 have a thousand digits in fact I don't
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00395-00121639-00121938 even really want to have 20 digits when
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00396-00121939-00122327 we are testing so let us say we just put
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00397-00122328-00122772 five okay of course you will say five
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00398-00122773-00122988 they will fit oh so let me put let
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00399-00122989-00123303 people say 11 okay 11 is certainly not
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00400-00123304-00123786 perfect or people say 13 13 digits will
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00401-00123787-00124161 will they fit no 3rd 15 will certainly
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00402-00124162-00124629 not fit in in a single int ok so let us
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00403-00124630-00124988 see let us see what happens
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00404-00124989-00126127 so let me combine that can run it
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00405-00126128-00126526 okay so now I'm supposed to give a 15
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00406-00126527-00126856 digit number so let me do that so 1 2 3
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00407-00126857-00127552 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 okay what
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00408-00127553-00127930 happens if I so this is half of that
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00409-00127931-00128107 number okay
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00410-00128108-00128647 does it seem right well yes so to get me
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00411-00128648-00129169 6 over here 3 gets me 1 so 14 7 5 2 6
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00412-00129170-00129508 carry from 1 here so a 8 ok it seems
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00413-00129508-00129608 reasonable
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00414-00129609-00130030 ok so I am getting I am getting the
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00415-00130031-00130414 right answer ok and well you could say
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00416-00130415-00130594 look why can we do something so that
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00417-00130595-00130990 this leading 0 is not printed of course
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00418-00130991-00131164 you can do something but that will
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00419-00131165-00131317 require a little bit more programming
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00420-00131318-00131524 and maybe that's a good exercise for you
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00421-00131525-00132223 to take this code and modify it alright
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00422-00132224-00132475 so let me get back to the presentation
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00423-00132476-00132757 actually we are at the end of not only
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00424-00132758-00133024 just this segment but the entire lecture
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00425-00133025-00133495 this segment sequence ok so this is
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00426-00133496-00133714 these are concluding remarks on the
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00427-00133715-00134188 entire sequence so I want to observe
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00428-00134189-00134476 that loops are really fundamental ok you
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00429-00134477-00134800 can do a lot using loops ok so we
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00430-00134801-00134959 already have seen lots of things even
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00431-00134960-00135334 before today's lecture sequence but even
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00432-00135335-00135607 in today's lecture sequence we saw lots
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00433-00135608-00135858 of interesting things so for example
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00434-00135859-00136366 loops are sort of the primary structure
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00435-00136367-00136522 that you need to the control structure
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00436-00136523-00136834 you need to use in order to go through a
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00437-00136835-00137203 domain and figure out which elements in
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00438-00137204-00137497 the domain satisfy all the constraints
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00439-00137498-00138253 that you are interested in or a loop can
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00440-00138254-00138583 allow you to step through and process
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00441-00138584-00138823 the interaction with the world one at a
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00442-00138824-00139113 time so in each iteration you process
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00443-00139114-00139375 one command that the world is throwing
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00444-00139376-00139452 at your system
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00445-00139453-00139698 and you generate how your system is
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00446-00139699-00139923 responding to it so again a loop is
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00447-00139924-00140325 absolutely a crucial control structure
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00448-00140326-00140751 and we looked at reading in from the
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00449-00140752-00141093 keyboard and we said that if you type a
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00450-00141094-00141483 15 digit number then you have to read it
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00451-00141484-00141696 I would read it in as a character and
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00452-00141697-00142113 then convert it into a digit okay and
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00453-00142114-00142380 then we can string those digits together
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00454-00142381-00142725 to make a number but this whole process
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00455-00142726-00142941 which which I showed you is something
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00456-00142942-00143289 that C++ does routinely so when you type
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00457-00143290-00143589 in a number to your program C++ is doing
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00458-00143590-00143697 something like that
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00459-00143698-00143928 it is extracting the digit then it is
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00460-00143929-00144156 saying oh is this digit ending over here
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00461-00144157-00144387 or is this the next digit than the
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00462-00144388-00144600 previous digits that I have accumulated
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00463-00144601-00144822 so far should be multiplied by 10 and
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00464-00144823-00145038 then this new digits should be added to
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00465-00145039-00145370 it so that code that I showed you
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00466-00145371-00145788 something similar is used by C++ just to
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00467-00145789-00146034 read in what you type so so far we have
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00468-00146035-00146351 been saying that when you type 365 365
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00469-00146352-00146703 magically goes into the variable you're
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00470-00146704-00146976 seeing in - that's not really what
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00471-00146977-00147281 happens C++ is taking each of those
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00472-00147282-00147507 digits each of those digits as
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00473-00147508-00147824 characters and then converting them and
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00474-00147825-00148035 accumulating them together and that's
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00475-00148036-00148266 how the number actually goes and sets
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00476-00148267-00148818 into your variable okay so all this is
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00477-00148819-00149040 being done with a single loop program
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00478-00149041-00149436 and note that single loop programs do a
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00479-00149437-00149715 lot well sometimes you will have to nest
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00480-00149716-00149901 a loop this loops of course so if you
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00481-00149902-00150276 have a if your domain has two variables
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00482-00150277-00150516 or in other words you think of it as a
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00483-00150517-00150732 two dimensional domain then you will
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00484-00150733-00150960 have to have nested nested loops
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00485-00150961-00151434 but it's loops okay alright so that
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00486-00151435-00151595 concludes this
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00487-00151596-00152051 lecture sequence we introduced a bunch
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00488-00152052-00152341 of new application themes over here and
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00489-00152342-00152702 we saw that loops are very powerful and
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00490-00152703-00152978 we got a lot of practice using loops
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00491-00152979-00153401 thank you
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00492-00153402-00154361 [Music]
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00493-00154362-00154694 [Applause]
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00494-00154695-00154848 [Music]
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00495-00154849-00155806 [Applause]
+4hF0L_fEbFY-00496-00155807-00156591 [Applause]
+4knc57UEghc-00000-00001408-00001599 so this time we're going to explore
+4knc57UEghc-00001-00001600-00001814 stuff that can go wrong when working
+4knc57UEghc-00002-00001816-00001959 with the makey makey because there's
+4knc57UEghc-00003-00001960-00002095 actually quite a lot of things that can
+4knc57UEghc-00004-00002096-00002471 go go wrong and if we start with uh
+4knc57UEghc-00005-00002472-00002695 looking at our
+4knc57UEghc-00006-00002696-00002902 build in this case we have a button and
+4knc57UEghc-00007-00002903-00003071 we have the makimaki and it's plugged
+4knc57UEghc-00008-00003072-00003215 into the computer
+4knc57UEghc-00009-00003215-00003463 so if if things for for one or the other
+4knc57UEghc-00010-00003464-00003631 reason doesn't work where would i start
+4knc57UEghc-00011-00003632-00003831 to investigate well one thing you can
+4knc57UEghc-00012-00003832-00004015 always look at is when you press the
+4knc57UEghc-00013-00004015-00004183 button
+4knc57UEghc-00014-00004184-00004454 the green light should show up
+4knc57UEghc-00015-00004455-00004702 like this if it doesn't show up
+4knc57UEghc-00016-00004703-00004838 if it doesn't light up something is
+4knc57UEghc-00017-00004839-00005022 wrong with your button
+4knc57UEghc-00018-00005023-00005175 if it lights up all the time there's
+4knc57UEghc-00019-00005176-00005359 also something wrong with your button
+4knc57UEghc-00020-00005360-00005535 so what could be wrong with the with the
+4knc57UEghc-00021-00005536-00005822 button itself well for example you could
+4knc57UEghc-00022-00005823-00005918 have
+4knc57UEghc-00023-00005919-00006070 connected the
+4knc57UEghc-00024-00006071-00006279 crocodile clamp onto the cardboard
+4knc57UEghc-00025-00006280-00006439 instead of onto the metal and then it
+4knc57UEghc-00026-00006440-00006646 doesn't make any contact
+4knc57UEghc-00027-00006647-00006798 or you could have put
+4knc57UEghc-00028-00006800-00006919 the clamp
+4knc57UEghc-00029-00006920-00007078 both of the clamps on the same piece of
+4knc57UEghc-00030-00007079-00007327 metal and then you always have a closed
+4knc57UEghc-00031-00007328-00007470 circuit so you're always pressing the
+4knc57UEghc-00032-00007472-00007583 button
+4knc57UEghc-00033-00007584-00007798 it's also something so it's worth going
+4knc57UEghc-00034-00007800-00008031 through all the cables to see to it that
+4knc57UEghc-00035-00008031-00008223 they're in the right place and where
+4knc57UEghc-00036-00008224-00008439 they should be and also that they don't
+4knc57UEghc-00037-00008440-00008591 sort of connect to each other at places
+4knc57UEghc-00038-00008592-00008719 where they shouldn't connect because i
+4knc57UEghc-00039-00008720-00008951 guess when you have a lot of different
+4knc57UEghc-00040-00008952-00009174 cables on the makey makey they can
+4knc57UEghc-00041-00009175-00009423 actually be uh
+4knc57UEghc-00042-00009424-00009510 quite
+4knc57UEghc-00043-00009511-00009735 easy to sort of mix things up a bit yeah
+4knc57UEghc-00044-00009736-00009846 and also make sure that they're not
+4knc57UEghc-00045-00009847-00009999 touching each other well well they
+4knc57UEghc-00046-00010000-00010095 shouldn't
+4knc57UEghc-00047-00010096-00010335 so on the makey makey what can i do on
+4knc57UEghc-00048-00010336-00010519 the make and make you to see if if
+4knc57UEghc-00049-00010520-00010735 everything's okay or not well one thing
+4knc57UEghc-00050-00010736-00010967 you should always remember is to have
+4knc57UEghc-00051-00010968-00011238 your ground connected
+4knc57UEghc-00052-00011239-00011495 as well um
+4knc57UEghc-00053-00011496-00011606 and of course
+4knc57UEghc-00054-00011607-00011806 look at the lights if they light up
+4knc57UEghc-00055-00011807-00012103 one thing you can also try is unplugging
+4knc57UEghc-00056-00012104-00012295 the makey makey and plug it back in and
+4knc57UEghc-00057-00012296-00012510 you can see all the green lights blink
+4knc57UEghc-00058-00012511-00012727 to show that they're still
+4knc57UEghc-00059-00012728-00012855 working
+4knc57UEghc-00060-00012856-00013007 and on the back side if you turn it
+4knc57UEghc-00061-00013008-00013230 around there's a red led
+4knc57UEghc-00062-00013231-00013438 and the red led
+4knc57UEghc-00063-00013440-00013694 tells you if the power is on or not so
+4knc57UEghc-00064-00013695-00013958 if we plug it out you see it goes off
+4knc57UEghc-00065-00013959-00014215 and it goes on again and there you can
+4knc57UEghc-00066-00014216-00014430 easily see if if there's energy on the
+4knc57UEghc-00067-00014431-00014591 board or not
+4knc57UEghc-00068-00014591-00014847 the third place to look at is of course
+4knc57UEghc-00069-00014847-00014983 in the computer
+4knc57UEghc-00070-00014984-00015175 and there's usually two different things
+4knc57UEghc-00071-00015176-00015415 that can be uh issues when it comes to
+4knc57UEghc-00072-00015416-00015535 the computer
+4knc57UEghc-00073-00015536-00015671 one thing is
+4knc57UEghc-00074-00015672-00015927 to see to it that it's actually plugged
+4knc57UEghc-00075-00015928-00016238 into the usb or if the usb port for one
+4knc57UEghc-00076-00016240-00016422 or the other reason doesn't work it's
+4knc57UEghc-00077-00016423-00016639 could be worthwhile trying to plug it in
+4knc57UEghc-00078-00016640-00016822 in another usb port and see if that
+4knc57UEghc-00079-00016823-00016935 helps
+4knc57UEghc-00080-00016936-00017215 and the other issue is usually
+4knc57UEghc-00081-00017216-00017463 that you might not have the right window
+4knc57UEghc-00082-00017464-00017743 activated so if you wanted the action of
+4knc57UEghc-00083-00017744-00017950 your button to work in a specific
+4knc57UEghc-00084-00017951-00018167 program and you have another program
+4knc57UEghc-00085-00018168-00018255 running
+4knc57UEghc-00086-00018256-00018486 that would uh obviously not work so you
+4knc57UEghc-00087-00018487-00018663 would want to go into the computer and
+4knc57UEghc-00088-00018664-00018903 have a look to see if the right window
+4knc57UEghc-00089-00018904-00019150 is activated or not and that program is
+4knc57UEghc-00090-00019151-00019343 working as it should do
+4knc57UEghc-00091-00019344-00019614 so basically that's the computer things
+4knc57UEghc-00092-00019615-00019743 to work on
+4knc57UEghc-00093-00019744-00020022 to look for faults on the maki maki and
+4knc57UEghc-00094-00020023-00020214 of course in the circuit itself
+4knc57UEghc-00095-00020215-00020422 so that's a bit about trying to get
+4knc57UEghc-00096-00020423-00022014 everything to work
+4knc57UEghc-00097-00022015-00022223 you
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00000-00000049-00000351 tamil putt Hindu Tamil 2 mil Pathan -
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00001-00000352-00000596 also known as poolavaram or tamil new
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00002-00000597-00000792 year is the first day of the year on the
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00003-00000793-00001077 Tamil calendar the festival date is set
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00004-00001078-00001236 with the solar cycle of the Hindu
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00005-00001237-00001436 calendar as the first day of the tamil
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00006-00001437-00001713 month of Chittor i it therefore falls on
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00007-00001714-00001950 or about the 14th of April every year on
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00008-00001951-00002223 the Gregorian calendar the same day is
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00009-00002224-00002424 observed by Hindus elsewhere as the
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00010-00002425-00002600 traditional new year but is known by
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00011-00002601-00002814 other names such as Vishu in Kerala and
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00012-00002815-00003039 vaisakhi or Baisakhi in central and
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00013-00003040-00003246 northern India on this day Tamil people
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00014-00003247-00003393 greet each other by saying
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00015-00003394-00003704 puttan to Vall tickle Python to vol 2
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00016-00003706-00004059 calor India Pathan to novel tickle any a
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00017-00004060-00004242 Pathan to novel tickle which is
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00018-00004243-00004566 equivalent to Happy New Year the day is
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00019-00004567-00004812 observed as a family time households
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00020-00004813-00005004 clean up the house prepare a tray with
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00021-00005005-00005208 fruits flowers and auspicious items
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00022-00005209-00005424 light up the family puja altar and visit
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00023-00005425-00005664 their local temples people wear new
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00024-00005665-00005883 clothes and children go to elders to pay
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00025-00005884-00006015 their respects and seek their blessings
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00026-00006016-00006222 then the family sits down to a
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00027-00006223-00006452 vegetarian feast but Hindu is also
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00028-00006453-00006674 celebrated by Tamil outside Tamil Nadu
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00029-00006675-00006878 and put a cherry such as in Sri Lanka
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00030-00006879-00007209 Malaysia Singapore Reunion Mauritius and
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00031-00007209-00007359 other countries within the Tamil
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00032-00007359-00007722 diaspora
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00033-00007723-00008309 topic origin and significance
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00034-00008310-00008539 the tamil new year follows the spring
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00035-00008540-00008771 equinox and generally falls on the 14th
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00036-00008772-00009035 of April of the Gregorian year the day
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00037-00009036-00009194 celebrates the first day of the
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00038-00009195-00009371 traditional tamil calendar and as a
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00039-00009372-00009599 public holiday in both Tamil Nadu and
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00040-00009600-00009884 sri lanka the same date is observed as
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00041-00009885-00010096 the traditional new year in Assam West
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00042-00010097-00010406 Bengal Kerala menopur Tripura Bihar
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00043-00010407-00010706 Odisha Punjab Uttar Pradesh Uttarakhand
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00044-00010707-00010996 commercial Pradesh Haryana Rajasthan as
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00045-00010997-00011271 well as in Nepal in bangladesh myanmar
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00046-00011272-00011602 Cambodia Laos Thailand and Sinhalese in
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00047-00011603-00011858 Sri Lanka also celebrate the same day as
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00048-00011859-00012038 their New Year likely an influence of
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00049-00012039-00012214 the shared culture between South and
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00050-00012215-00012380 Southeast Asia in the first millennium
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00051-00012381-00012626 CE II there are several references in
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00052-00012627-00012824 early Tamil literature to the April New
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00053-00012825-00013138 Year are Sangam period author of
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00054-00013140-00013313 the net malvit I wrote in the third
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00055-00013313-00013535 century CE e that the Sun travels each
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00056-00013536-00013709 year from Mesha chittor I in mid-april
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00057-00013710-00013922 through 11 successive signs of the
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00058-00013922-00014191 zodiac coudl urkesh are in the 3rd
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00059-00014193-00014432 century ce e refers to Mesha rossi
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00060-00014433-00014612 chittor iie mid april as the
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00061-00014613-00014777 commencement of the year in the purana
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00062-00014778-00015053 Nuria the Tolkien pi M is the oldest
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00063-00015054-00015260 surviving Tamil grammar that divides the
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00064-00015261-00015478 year into six seasons where Chittor IIE
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00065-00015479-00015694 mid-april marks the start of the xi l
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00066-00015695-00015922 season or summer the eighth century
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00067-00015923-00016172 Xalapa dakara mentions the twelve rasa's
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00068-00016172-00016427 or zodiac signs that correspond to the
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00069-00016428-00016622 Tamil month starting with Mesha Chitra
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00070-00016623-00016943 in mid-april the Manimal eyelids to this
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00071-00016944-00017168 very same Hindu solar calendar as we
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00072-00017169-00017363 know it today a dr Kunal are an early
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00073-00017364-00017600 medieval commentator or Araya ciri are
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00074-00017601-00017789 mentions the twelve months of the tamil
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00075-00017790-00017966 calendar with particular reference to
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00076-00017967-00018212 Chittor iie mid-april there were
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00077-00018213-00018425 subsequent inscriptional references in
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00078-00018426-00018686 pagan burma dated to the 11th century CE
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00079-00018687-00018905 II and in sukhothai Thailand dated to
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00080-00018906-00019147 the 14th century CE e to South Indian
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00081-00019148-00019346 off invasion of ight courtiers who were
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00082-00019347-00019528 tasked with defining the traditional
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00083-00019529-00019997 calendar that began in mid-april
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00084-00019998-00020521 topic celebration
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00085-00020522-00020824 tamil people celebrate putt handu also
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00086-00020825-00021031 called poo the varam as the traditional
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00087-00021032-00021280 New Year this is the month of chittery
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00088-00021281-00021454 the first month of the tamil solar
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00089-00021455-00021667 calendar and putt Hindu typically falls
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00090-00021668-00021955 on the 14th of April in some parts of
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00091-00021956-00022156 southern Tamil Nadu the festival is
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00092-00022157-00022399 called chit arrive issue on the eve of
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00093-00022400-00022621 putt handu a tray arranged with three
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00094-00022622-00022897 fruits mango banana and jackfruit beetle
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00095-00022898-00023092 leaves and Eric a net gold silver
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00096-00023093-00023368 jewelry coins money flowers in a mirror
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00097-00023369-00023617 this is similar to the Vishu new year
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00098-00023618-00023847 festival ceremonial tray in Kerala
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00099-00023848-00024082 according to the tamil tradition this
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00100-00024083-00024283 festive tray is auspicious as the first
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00101-00024284-00024462 sight upon waking on the New Year Day
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00102-00024463-00024751 home entrances are decorated elaborately
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00103-00024752-00024988 with coloured rice powder these designs
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00104-00024989-00025194 are called columns in the temple city of
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00105-00025195-00025393 Madurai the Chittor I thorough visa is
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00106-00025394-00025591 celebrated in the meenakshi temple a
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00107-00025592-00025869 huge exhibition is held called Chittor I
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00108-00025870-00026131 pour Akashi on the day of the tamil new
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00109-00026132-00026338 year a big car festival is held at
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00110-00026339-00026552 Tirupati Mirador near Kumbakonam
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00111-00026554-00026802 festivals are also held at Tyrel Kyra
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00112-00026804-00027145 Poli Kanchipuram and other places Sri
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00113-00027145-00027345 Lankan Tamils observe the traditional
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00114-00027347-00027489 New Year in April with the first
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00115-00027491-00027700 financial transaction known as the Chi
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00116-00027701-00027997 vishesha in this transaction children go
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00117-00027998-00028158 to elders to pay their respect and
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00118-00028160-00028330 elders give their blessings and gift
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00119-00028331-00028515 pocket money to the children in return
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00120-00028516-00028807 the event is also observed with the RP
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00121-00028808-00028995 do or the first plowing of the ground to
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00122-00028997-00029194 prepare for the new agricultural cycle
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00123-00029195-00029461 the game of poor thanked line or coconut
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00124-00029462-00029683 wars between youth is played in villages
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00125-00029683-00029842 through the tamil north and east of the
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00126-00029843-00030049 island while car traces are also held
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00127-00030050-00030333 the festive putt handu season in April
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00128-00030335-00030511 is a time for family visits and the
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00129-00030512-00030799 renewal of filial bonds it coincides
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00130-00030800-00031105 with the Sinhalese new year season later
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00131-00031106-00031327 in the day families enjoy a feast a
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00132-00031327-00031585 special dish called manga a pachadi is
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00133-00031586-00031774 prepared from a variety of flavors
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00134-00031775-00031983 similar to past shanti of new year foods
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00135-00031985-00032248 of who body and Vishu it is made from
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00136-00032249-00032490 sweet jaggery astringent mustard sour
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00137-00032491-00032719 raw mango bitter neem and red chillies
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00138-00032720-00033040 these complex dish is ritually tasted by
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00139-00033041-00033271 Tamils as similar multi flavors are by
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00140-00033272-00033529 Hindus elsewhere on the new year such
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00141-00033530-00033763 traditional festive recipes that combine
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00142-00033764-00033908 different flavors are
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00143-00033909-00034079 Bhalla crow minder that one must expect
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00144-00034080-00034315 all flavors of experiences in the coming
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00145-00034316-00034370 new year
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00146-00034371-00034577 that no event or episode is wholly sweet
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00147-00034578-00034814 or bitter experiences are transitory and
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00148-00034815-00035009 ephemeral and to make the most from them
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00149-00035010-00035237 in Malaysia and Singapore Tamils join
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00150-00035238-00035456 Sikhs Malayalees and Bengalis to
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00151-00035457-00035633 celebrate the traditional New Year in
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00152-00035634-00035777 mid-april with leaders across the
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00153-00035778-00035978 political spectrum wishing the ethnic
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00154-00035979-00036131 Indian community for the new year
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00155-00036132-00036398 special religious events are held in
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00156-00036399-00036632 Hindu temples in Tamil community centers
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00157-00036633-00036946 in gurdwaras cultural programs and media
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00158-00036947-00037187 events also take place it's a day of
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00159-00037188-00037415 celebration for the Indian community the
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00160-00037416-00037658 2018 tamil new year named as Tamil
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00161-00037659-00038102 puttan - Schriever Lampe
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00162-00038103-00038625 topic controversy
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00163-00038626-00038943 the Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam DMK led
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00164-00038944-00039168 government of Tamil Nadu had declared in
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00165-00039169-00039399 2008 that the Tamil New Year should be
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00166-00039400-00039597 celebrated on the first day of Tamil
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00167-00039598-00039785 month of Thai the 14th of January
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00168-00039786-00040008 coinciding with the harvest festival of
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00169-00040009-00040275 Pongal the Tamil Nadu new year
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00170-00040276-00040563 declaration bill 2008 was enacted as the
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00171-00040564-00040788 state law by the DMK assembly members
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00172-00040789-00040968 and its Tamil Nadu government on the
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00173-00040969-00041355 29th of January 2008 this law of the DMK
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00174-00041356-00041529 majority lead government was
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00175-00041530-00041739 subsequently rescinded by a separate act
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00176-00041740-00041910 of legislation in the tamil nadu
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00177-00041911-00042195 assembly with an a AIADMK majority led
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00178-00042196-00042449 government on the 23rd of august 2011
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00179-00042450-00042705 many in Tamil Nadu ignored the
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00180-00042706-00042918 government legislation that rescheduled
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00181-00042919-00043086 the festival date and continued the
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00182-00043087-00043266 celebration of their traditional Putt
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00183-00043267-00043499 Hindu new year festival in mid-april the
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00184-00043500-00043719 governor and Chief Minister of the
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00185-00043720-00043929 Indian union territory of Puducherry
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00186-00043930-00044115 which has an ethnic tamil majority
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00187-00044116-00044328 felicitated the public for the tamil new
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00188-00044329-00044586 year in April 2010 the legislative reach
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00189-00044587-00044781 to change the traditional religious New
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00190-00044782-00044955 Year by the DMK government was
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00191-00044956-00045237 questioned by Hindu priests the law was
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00192-00045238-00045420 met with resistance by Tamils in the
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00193-00045421-00045651 state and elsewhere it was also
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00194-00045652-00045891 challenged in court the then opposition
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00195-00045892-00046134 All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00196-00046135-00046392 a AIADMK and Mara malarkey Dravida
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00197-00046393-00046673 Munnetra Kazhagam MDMK in Tamil Nadu
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00198-00046674-00046890 subsequently condemned the decision of
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00199-00046891-00047088 the DMK government in that state and
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00200-00047089-00047241 urged their supporters to continue
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00201-00047242-00047415 celebrating the traditional date in
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00202-00047416-00047715 mid-april Tamils in Sri Lanka Singapore
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00203-00047716-00047967 Malaysia and Canada continued to observe
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00204-00047968-00048186 the new year in mid-april the previous
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00205-00048187-00048381 state government in Tamil Nadu in an
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00206-00048382-00048570 effort to placate popular sentiment
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00207-00048571-00048723 announced that the same day will be
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00208-00048724-00048936 celebrated as a new festival renamed as
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00209-00048937-00049149 Chittor IT r''l the festival of Chittor
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00210-00049150-00049446 I the day remained a public holiday in
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00211-00049447-00049692 Tamil Nadu under the DMK government but
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00212-00049693-00049908 not as Tamil new year but purportedly to
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00213-00049909-00050172 commemorate dr. BR Ambedkar who was the
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00214-00050173-00050328 chairman of the drafting committee of
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00215-00050329-00050598 Indian Constitution all television
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00216-00050599-00050805 channels in Tamil Nadu continued to
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00217-00050806-00051051 telecast festive Chittor ID r''l special
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00218-00051052-00051312 programs on the 14th of April 2010 the
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00219-00051313-00051633 leader of the a AIADMK jayalalithaa
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00220-00051634-00051825 refused to recognize the repackaged
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00221-00051826-00052016 festival and felicitated the
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00222-00052017-00052313 for the traditional tamil new year the
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00223-00052314-00052620 MDMK leader Vaiko followed suit the
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00224-00052621-00052785 controversy between the two dates
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00225-00052786-00053001 subsided in the official celebrations
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00226-00053002-00053190 during the traditional new year in April
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00227-00053191-00053538 revived
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00228-00053539-00054100 topic related festivals
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00229-00054101-00054295 the putt handu New Year Day is
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00230-00054296-00054502 celebrated elsewhere but referred to by
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00231-00054503-00054775 other names for example it is called
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00232-00054776-00055003 vaisakhi by Hindus and Sikhs in North
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00233-00055004-00055195 and Central India which to marks the
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00234-00055196-00055288 solar New Year
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00235-00055289-00055701 some examples include Vishu in Kerala
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00236-00055702-00056058 Bugatti in andhra pradesh and telangana
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00237-00056059-00056334 Vaisakhi in central and north india
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00238-00056335-00056722 paheli Sankranti in Odisha pahala boy
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00239-00056723-00056941 shocked in West Bengal and Tripura as
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00240-00056941-00057259 well as Bangladesh ringa liebe who in
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00241-00057260-00057601 assam vikram samvat Vasia kak in nepal
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00242-00057602-00057802 however this is not the universal New
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00243-00057803-00058066 Year for all Hindus for some such as
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00244-00058066-00058266 those in a near Gujarat the New Year
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00245-00058267-00058477 festivities coincide with the five-day
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00246-00058478-00058759 Diwali festival for others the New Year
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00247-00058760-00058978 falls on new gaudy and Gudi Padwa which
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00248-00058979-00059491 falls a few weeks before putt Hindu
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00249-00059492-00060063 topic southeast asia and sri lanka
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00250-00060064-00060285 the same day every year is also
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00251-00060286-00060484 designated as the new year in parts of
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00252-00060485-00060766 Southeast Asia such as Myanmar Sri Lanka
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00253-00060766-00060966 and Cambodia likely an influence of
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00254-00060967-00061110 their shared culture in the first
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00255-00061111-00061398 millennium CE II according to a 1957
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00256-00061399-00061609 publication by gonna Seagram the new
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00257-00061610-00061851 year celebrated in Sri Lanka Cambodia
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00258-00061852-00062079 and Champa Vietnam is the tamil new year
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00259-00062080-00062238 with roots in the practices of
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00260-00062239-00062535 mohenjo-daro Indus Valley Civilisation
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00261-00062536-00062760 according to nana korean this may be
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00262-00062761-00062979 from the medieval era tamil influence in
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00263-00062980-00063204 Southeast Asia according to Jean me show
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00264-00063205-00063357 and other scholars the New Year
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00265-00063358-00063547 celebration traditions in Southeast
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00266-00063548-00063865 Asian Massif have two roots one is China
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00267-00063866-00064035 and this influence is found for example
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00268-00064036-00064362 in Vietnam and southeastern China these
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00269-00064363-00064585 sino influenced communities celebrate
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00270-00064586-00064782 the new year in the 1st or 2nd lunar
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00271-00064783-00064948 month after the winter solstice in
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00272-00064949-00065217 December the second group of people in
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00273-00065218-00065404 the Massif celebrate the new year in
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00274-00065404-00065682 mid-april much like most of india this
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00275-00065683-00065892 group consists of northeastern Indians
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00276-00065893-00066132 northeastern Myanmar Thai speakers of
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00277-00066133-00066351 Thailand Laos southern Vietnam and
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00278-00066352-00066582 southern Yunnan the festival is
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00279-00066583-00066774 celebrated in the Massif in some ways
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00280-00066775-00067041 unlike cut handle it is marked by an
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00281-00067042-00067209 occasion to visit family and friends
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00282-00067210-00067447 splashing others with water like holy
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00283-00067448-00067644 drinking alcohol as well as later
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00284-00067645-00067824 wearing jewelry new clothes and
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00285-00067825-00068091 socializing the new year festival is
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00286-00068092-00068286 called regionally by different names
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00287-00068287-00068607 Allah the Virata in sri lanka Sinhalese
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00288-00068608-00069050 new year chose nam to me in cambodia
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00289-00069051-00069472 song kanpai malawi los Songkran in
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00290-00069473-00070000 thailand thing in in burma
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00291-00070001-00070563 topic see also
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00292-00070564-00071139 tamil culture Tamils
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00293-00071140-00071503 topic references
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00294-00071504-00071663 you
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00295-00071664-00071824 you
+4lhvHAr8P0E-00296-00071825-00072031 you
+4lszChOVtvo-00000-00000808-00003148 [Music]
+4lszChOVtvo-00002-00006709-00008034 [Music]
+4lszChOVtvo-00003-00008036-00010518 [Music]
+4mFJ_HOZaO8-00000-00000041-00000470 dr. Alan William Greenwood CBE frse the
+4mFJ_HOZaO8-00001-00000471-00000790 29th of June 1897 to the fourth of May
+4mFJ_HOZaO8-00002-00000791-00001075 1981 was a Scottish zoologist and
+4mFJ_HOZaO8-00003-00001076-00001268 geneticist who helped pave the way to
+4mFJ_HOZaO8-00004-00001269-00001574 creating Dolly the sheep he served as
+4mFJ_HOZaO8-00005-00001575-00001775 director of the poultry Research Centre
+4mFJ_HOZaO8-00006-00001776-00002594 from 1947 until 1962
+4mFJ_HOZaO8-00007-00002595-00003097 topic life
+4mFJ_HOZaO8-00008-00003098-00003364 he was born in Melbourne in Australia on
+4mFJ_HOZaO8-00009-00003365-00003670 the 29th of June 1897 and attended
+4mFJ_HOZaO8-00010-00003671-00003958 Wesley College in Melbourne he then won
+4mFJ_HOZaO8-00011-00003959-00004116 a place at Melbourne University
+4mFJ_HOZaO8-00012-00004117-00004417 graduating BSC in chemistry and biology
+4mFJ_HOZaO8-00013-00004418-00004797 in 1920 he continued as a postgraduate
+4mFJ_HOZaO8-00014-00004798-00005188 gaining an MSC in 1923 then travelling
+4mFJ_HOZaO8-00015-00005189-00005431 to Scotland to study for a PhD at the
+4mFJ_HOZaO8-00016-00005432-00005614 University of Edinburgh under the
+4mFJ_HOZaO8-00017-00005615-00005822 supervision of James Koster who worked
+4mFJ_HOZaO8-00018-00005823-00006121 here he also began work at the animal
+4mFJ_HOZaO8-00019-00006122-00006304 breeding research department later
+4mFJ_HOZaO8-00020-00006305-00006576 renamed the Institute of animal genetics
+4mFJ_HOZaO8-00021-00006577-00006823 colleagues included the pharmacist
+4mFJ_HOZaO8-00022-00006823-00007006 John Michael Robson who joined the
+4mFJ_HOZaO8-00023-00007006-00007345 Institute in 1929 he gained his PhD from
+4mFJ_HOZaO8-00024-00007345-00007678 the University of Edinburgh in 1925 and
+4mFJ_HOZaO8-00025-00007679-00008029 in 1931 received a further honorary DSC
+4mFJ_HOZaO8-00026-00008030-00008313 from the University of Melbourne around
+4mFJ_HOZaO8-00027-00008314-00008617 1935 he was joined at the Institute by
+4mFJ_HOZaO8-00028-00008618-00008946 Sandford sterling Munro in 1927 he was
+4mFJ_HOZaO8-00029-00008947-00009163 elected a fellow of the Royal Society of
+4mFJ_HOZaO8-00030-00009164-00009412 Edinburgh his proposers including James
+4mFJ_HOZaO8-00031-00009413-00009676 Hartley Ashworth James Kosar Wirt and
+4mFJ_HOZaO8-00032-00009677-00010054 Sir Robert Blythe Gregg in 1932 he was
+4mFJ_HOZaO8-00033-00010055-00010204 awarded the Keith medal for his
+4mFJ_HOZaO8-00034-00010205-00010387 contributions to the study of the
+4mFJ_HOZaO8-00035-00010388-00010654 biology of fowl he served as vice
+4mFJ_HOZaO8-00036-00010655-00010974 president of the Society from 1943 to
+4mFJ_HOZaO8-00037-00010975-00011566 1946 and secretary 1955 to 1960 in the
+4mFJ_HOZaO8-00038-00011567-00011779 second world war he served as acting
+4mFJ_HOZaO8-00039-00011780-00011962 director while the former director
+4mFJ_HOZaO8-00040-00011963-00012307 Francis Albert Ely crew frse served in
+4mFJ_HOZaO8-00041-00012308-00012610 the war and in 1947 he fully replaced
+4mFJ_HOZaO8-00042-00012611-00012822 him as director alongside Professor
+4mFJ_HOZaO8-00043-00012824-00013084 James Edward Nichols the overall
+4mFJ_HOZaO8-00044-00013085-00013309 speciality was in poultry research
+4mFJ_HOZaO8-00045-00013310-00013555 especially chicken reproduction in the
+4mFJ_HOZaO8-00046-00013556-00013747 New Year's Honours List on the 1st of
+4mFJ_HOZaO8-00047-00013747-00014065 January 1955 he was made a commander of
+4mFJ_HOZaO8-00048-00014066-00014211 the Order of the British Empire
+4mFJ_HOZaO8-00049-00014212-00014536 he died at 64 Strathearn Road in
+4mFJ_HOZaO8-00050-00014537-00014836 Edinburgh on the 4th of May 1981 and was
+4mFJ_HOZaO8-00051-00014837-00015118 buried at Grange Cemetery the simple
+4mFJ_HOZaO8-00052-00015119-00015310 gravestone lies in the modern southern
+4mFJ_HOZaO8-00053-00015311-00015571 section of the West extension
+4mFJ_HOZaO8-00054-00015572-00016001 you
+4mFJ_HOZaO8-00055-00016002-00016565 topic war service
+4mFJ_HOZaO8-00056-00016566-00016784 Greenwood served in the camel Field
+4mFJ_HOZaO8-00057-00016785-00016979 Ambulance part of the Australian
+4mFJ_HOZaO8-00058-00016980-00017225 Imperial forces in Palestine in the
+4mFJ_HOZaO8-00059-00017226-00017828 First World War
+4mFJ_HOZaO8-00060-00017829-00018338 topic family
+4mFJ_HOZaO8-00061-00018339-00018575 he married twice firstly Devere a
+4mFJ_HOZaO8-00062-00018576-00018911 Crockett in 1923 secondly to Josephine
+4mFJ_HOZaO8-00063-00018912-00019385 piece 1907 to 2001 he had no children by
+4mFJ_HOZaO8-00064-00019386-00019565 either marriage and ironically is
+4mFJ_HOZaO8-00065-00019566-00019913 presumed to have been infertile
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00000-00000416-00000763 this week we are considering how Jesus
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00001-00000764-00001052 has called us to friendship with him
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00002-00001053-00001622 I have called you friends and today we
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00003-00001623-00002118 are reflecting on a beautiful passage
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00004-00002119-00002590 taken from the story of the Last Supper
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00005-00002591-00002950 it is the image of the Beloved Disciple
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00006-00002951-00003853 of taken as John resting next to Jesus
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00007-00003854-00004181 one of the disciples the one whom Jesus
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00008-00004182-00004904 loved was reclining next to him was
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00009-00004905-00005285 reclining next to him actually the Greek
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00010-00005286-00005615 says something much more startling it
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00011-00005616-00005938 says literally that the Beloved Disciple
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00012-00005939-00006395 was resting on the breast or on the
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00013-00006396-00007003 bosom of Jesus and that conveys that
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00014-00007004-00007262 very deep and special intimate
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00015-00007263-00007670 friendship that Jesus had particularly
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00016-00007670-00008027 with that Beloved Disciple and the
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00017-00008028-00008357 wonderful thing is that Jesus calls each
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00018-00008358-00008821 one of us to that same level of deep
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00019-00008822-00009094 friendship with him
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00020-00009095-00009580 the friendship where we can trust in him
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00021-00009581-00009902 rest on him
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00022-00009903-00010403 trust in him come to me all who labor
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00023-00010404-00011070 and are heavy-laden
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00024-00011071-00011607 one of the fruits of that friendship
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00025-00011608-00011853 which they beloved disciple had with
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00026-00011854-00012150 Jesus because of the depth of his love
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00027-00012151-00012645 for Jesus he actually saw Jesus's
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00028-00012646-00012930 presence in the world in a special way
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00029-00012931-00013203 he recognized Jesus where others didn't
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00030-00013204-00013443 but love that he bore for Jesus as it
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00031-00013444-00013707 were both in his eyes to recognize Jesus
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00032-00013708-00013947 remember how he ran with Peter to the
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00033-00013947-00014502 tomb and it's John who believed when
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00034-00014503-00014850 Peter and John were out fishing it is
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00035-00014851-00015399 John who said it is the Lord and I
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00036-00015400-00015729 believe that we too as we grow in our
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00037-00015730-00016163 love for Jesus we to begin to see Jesus
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00038-00016165-00016437 in new ways in the world there are other
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00039-00016438-00016686 people we recognize him often in places
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00040-00016687-00016992 where we don't expect to find him the
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00041-00016993-00017187 love we have is they were opens our
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00042-00017188-00017490 minds so that we recognize him in our
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00043-00017491-00017931 midst the zipper has today two questions
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00044-00017932-00018372 to effect on first of all how might
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00045-00018373-00018768 Jesus be calling you now into deeper
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00046-00018769-00019347 friendship with him and secondly how do
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00047-00019348-00019740 you recognize Jesus where do you
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00048-00019741-00020985 recognize him in the world today
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00049-00020986-00022004 you
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00050-00022005-00022262 from the 20th chapter of the Gospel
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00051-00022263-00022586 according to John although the doors
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00052-00022587-00022895 were shut Jesus came and stood among
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00053-00022896-00023333 them and said peace be with you then he
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00054-00023334-00023612 said to Thomas put your finger here and
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00055-00023613-00023948 see my hands reach out your hand and put
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00056-00023949-00024397 it in my side do not doubt but believe
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00057-00024398-00025021 Thomas answered him my Lord and my god
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00058-00025022-00025460 my Lord and my god for me this is really
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00059-00025461-00025850 the key to this passage the key that
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00060-00025851-00026144 opens a whole world the whole inner
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00061-00026145-00026539 universe of intimate union with Jesus so
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00062-00026541-00026708 when we're praying for this grace as you
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00063-00026708-00026902 learned from Jesus followers what it
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00064-00026904-00027122 means to live in intimate union with
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00065-00027123-00027527 Jesus we have an incredibly rich example
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00066-00027527-00027820 in Thomas and this dramatic before and
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00067-00027822-00028262 after Thomas who before was probably
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00068-00028263-00028541 resentful maybe angry definitely
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00069-00028542-00028955 isolated but is brought in to a new
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00070-00028956-00029168 level and a deeper level of intimate
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00071-00029169-00029447 union with Jesus by returning to his
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00072-00029448-00029843 community and by accepting the
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00073-00029844-00030139 invitation of Jesus to touch him so when
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00074-00030141-00030293 I think about what this passage can mean
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00075-00030294-00030485 for our life as followers of Jesus
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00076-00030486-00030731 seeking to live in intimate union with
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00077-00030732-00031070 him I think about the difference between
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00078-00031070-00031283 them trying to do the Christian life as
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00079-00031283-00031649 an isolated individual which really
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00080-00031650-00031886 doesn't work in my experience and in our
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00081-00031887-00032132 experience as a community and I think
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00082-00032133-00032456 about wholehearted engagement with the
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00083-00032457-00032747 Christian community so I think about the
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00084-00032748-00032996 practice of going to church don't defer
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00085-00032997-00033215 to when you feel like it but definitely
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00086-00033216-00033343 going to church when you
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00087-00033344-00033631 feel like that showing up being there
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00088-00033632-00033865 because Jesus is there in the assembled
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00089-00033866-00034150 body the whole community which is
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00090-00034151-00034407 stronger than the individual alone I
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00091-00034408-00034813 also think about the example in this
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00092-00034814-00035059 passage they did the spiritual wisdom in
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00093-00035060-00035311 this passage of full body engagement
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00094-00035312-00035446 with liturgical worship
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00095-00035447-00035695 so the wrenching our hands with holy
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00096-00035696-00035959 water filling our noses with the
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00097-00035960-00036256 fragrance of incense smoke taking hold
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00098-00036257-00036526 of our friends and strangers when we
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00099-00036527-00036766 exchange the peace in church and then
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00100-00036767-00036952 being inspired to go out into the world
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00101-00036953-00037441 to see and to take a hold of Jesus so
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00102-00037442-00037720 that we can really follow him and live
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00103-00037721-00037993 an intimate union with him so the
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00104-00037994-00038272 practice of prayer that I engage in in
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00105-00038273-00038452 my own career German is I have a red pen
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00106-00038453-00038776 can I have a blue pen and the blue pen
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00107-00038777-00039052 is meeting the red pen does Jesus so I
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00108-00039053-00039342 write in my blue pen in a really
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00109-00039343-00039595 uncensored honest kind of way the same
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00110-00039596-00039796 uncensored honesty that you see in
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00111-00039797-00040129 Thomas and then I stop and I listen and
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00112-00040130-00040492 I wait to hear what Jesus has to say in
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00113-00040493-00041053 response to me and often I use specific
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00114-00041054-00041385 titles specific nicknames for Jesus and
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00115-00041386-00041647 as I've come to listen in this practice
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00116-00041648-00041959 third nicknames titles names for me that
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00117-00041960-00042286 Jesus uses in reply so you might try
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00118-00042287-00042457 something like that and your printable
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00119-00042458-00042661 have a color for Jesus have a color for
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00120-00042662-00042943 you and have a truly intimate
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00121-00042944-00043929 conversation
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00122-00043930-00044911 you
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00123-00044912-00045189 this week were focusing on the theme of
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00124-00045190-00045507 Jesus's personal relationships and today
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00125-00045508-00045662 we're looking at the forgiveness of
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00126-00045663-00045939 Peter in this 21st chapter of the Gospel
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00127-00045940-00046161 of John in the events leading up to
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00128-00046162-00046490 Jesus's crucifixion Peter had repeatedly
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00129-00046491-00046793 denied knowing Christ here Jesus is
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00130-00046794-00047064 inviting Peter back into a loving
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00131-00047065-00047387 relationship with him demonstrating his
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00132-00047388-00047739 unlimited mercy this is mercy that is
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00133-00047740-00047936 named and not just the forgiveness of a
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00134-00047937-00048140 transgression of the restoration of
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00135-00048141-00048311 relationship it's aimed at
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00136-00048312-00048439 reconciliation
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00137-00048440-00048857 Peters proper place is to love Jesus and
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00138-00048858-00049110 to be in communion with him this mercy
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00139-00049111-00049323 is aimed at restoring that communion to
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00140-00049324-00049680 its former glory in this Peters sins and
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00141-00049681-00050082 transgressions mirror our own with
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00142-00050083-00050387 Christ's commandment Peter to also feed
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00143-00050388-00050676 his lambs Jesus is saying that love is
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00144-00050677-00050979 not merely a matter of words of actions
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00145-00050980-00051332 I invite you to think about the parts of
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00146-00051333-00051596 your life that you might like to bring
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00147-00051597-00051841 to Jesus and a spirit of restoration
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00148-00051842-00052173 reconciliation and love I also allow you
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00149-00052174-00052406 to think about how you might use that
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00150-00052407-00053491 love to feed to Jesus's Lambs
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00151-00053492-00054412 you
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00152-00054413-00054928 I have called you friends is our theme
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00153-00054929-00055222 in meeting Jesus in Java Scottsville
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00154-00055223-00055914 this week and our focus today is
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00155-00055915-00056374 demonstrating our love for Jesus as
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00156-00056375-00057124 God's friends I'm certain that you as I
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00157-00057125-00057513 have have found times where I was
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00158-00057514-00058270 reluctant or even refusing to accept and
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00159-00058271-00058836 receive the overpowering love of God
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00160-00058837-00059497 poured out on me in Jesus Christ there
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00161-00059498-00059665 have been many times where I felt
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00162-00059666-00059817 completely unworthy
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00163-00059819-00060404 of the love which brought me into being
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00164-00060405-00060842 saved me and promises me even now
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00165-00060844-00061498 eternal life and yet that is what the
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00166-00061499-00062062 befriending of God and Jesus is about it
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00167-00062063-00062512 is about that extravagant love that self
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00168-00062513-00062890 offering by which God draws us into
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00169-00062891-00063154 union with God's own the self
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00170-00063154-00063850 I find myself humbled by the story of
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00171-00063851-00064309 Mary of Bethany Mary who extravagantly
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00172-00064310-00064684 pours forth and actions loving actions
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00173-00064685-00065229 with her old self body and soul love
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00174-00065230-00065659 upon Jesus love beyond words
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00175-00065660-00066181 at a time where Jesus himself is in deep
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00176-00066182-00066757 need of that healing
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00177-00066758-00067055 and Merry it's an example for me as well
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00178-00067056-00067373 an example of going beyond words and by
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00179-00067374-00067841 actions by actions in prayer by actions
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00180-00067842-00068156 toward others my brothers and sisters
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00181-00068157-00068585 who are God's beloved disciples of the
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00182-00068586-00069015 love which I have received and remind
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00183-00069016-00069909 them of of Jesus in our prayer today let
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00184-00069910-00070307 us ask for a renewed awareness of that
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00185-00070308-00070704 love of God in Christ which is poured on
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00186-00070705-00070998 us time and again in our life
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00187-00070999-00071429 experiences in our prayer in our
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00188-00071430-00071692 interactions for other and in our
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00189-00071693-00072147 engagement with the world and let us
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00190-00072148-00072530 turn then in gratitude to the one who
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00191-00072531-00072878 loved us first for the love of Jesus
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00192-00072879-00073331 which holds us a meme which is the
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00193-00073332-00073631 source of our creation preservation and
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00194-00073632-00074078 all the blessings of this life and the
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00195-00074079-00074490 one who calls us to demonstrate and to
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00196-00074491-00075011 bear and to carry that love in the life
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00197-00075012-00075814 to come
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00198-00075815-00076784 you
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00199-00076785-00076981 this week we're looking at what it means
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00200-00076982-00077188 to be a friend of Jesus and we're using
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00201-00077189-00077516 various people from John's Gospel who we
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00202-00077517-00077747 know were friends of Jesus and I'm
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00203-00077748-00077924 looking today at Mary Magdalene was one
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00204-00077925-00078124 of my favorite favorite characters in
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00205-00078125-00078412 the Gospel of John and specifically the
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00206-00078413-00078655 story of Mary's encounter with the risen
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00207-00078656-00078866 Lord at the empty tomb on that first
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00208-00078867-00079142 Easter day you'll know the story Mary
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00209-00079143-00079466 goes to the tomb finds identity notices
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00210-00079467-00079649 somebody in the garden thinks it's the
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00211-00079650-00079871 gardener and asks where they have put
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00212-00079872-00080267 the body and the gardener speaks her
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00213-00080268-00080837 name and it's in the speaking of Mary's
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00214-00080838-00081212 name that she recognizes the risen Lord
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00215-00081213-00081463 in the person of the gardener and she
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00216-00081464-00081688 then rushes over to tell the disciples
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00217-00081689-00082141 tells the Apostles I have seen the Lord
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00218-00082142-00082367 one of the things that I like to do when
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00219-00082368-00082568 I'm when I'm praying is to use the Jesus
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00220-00082569-00082807 Prayer which you may be familiar with we
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00221-00082808-00083024 can use a prayer rope if you have longer
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00222-00083025-00083182 you can cut it off on the knuckles of
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00223-00083183-00083441 your finger or whatever but simply to
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00224-00083442-00083725 repeat the prayer Lord Jesus Christ son
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00225-00083726-00083828 of the Living God
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00226-00083829-00084191 be merciful unto me a sinner sometimes
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00227-00084192-00084362 I'll reduced that to simply praying the
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00228-00084363-00084643 name Jesus and repeated over and over
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00229-00084644-00084740 and over again
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00230-00084741-00085166 Jesus Jesus occasionally I'll do what I
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00231-00085167-00085379 call the reverse Jesus prayer and rather
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00232-00085380-00085586 than praying the name of Jesus chol
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00233-00085587-00085798 actually pray my own name
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00234-00085799-00086488 James James we all know that when people
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00235-00086489-00086656 say our names they can save in all sorts
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00236-00086657-00086984 of really different ways James is very
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00237-00086985-00087398 different than James and so as I pray my
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00238-00087399-00087769 name I like to imagine God speaking my
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00239-00087770-00088132 name in that tender way in which Jesus
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00240-00088133-00088478 spoke the name of Mary and when I hear
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00241-00088479-00089209 God speaking my name James James James
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00242-00089210-00089488 like Mary I have an encounter with the
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00243-00089489-00089743 risen Lord and I come then rush out to
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00244-00089744-00089796 the
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00245-00089797-00090850 and say I have seen the Lord
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00246-00090851-00091842 you
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00247-00091843-00092094 this week we've been exploring the theme
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00248-00092095-00092426 of friendship of Jesus and we've
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00249-00092427-00092604 explored this intimacy through the
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00250-00092605-00092876 relationships that he had with several
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00251-00092877-00093129 of his friends liked even for instance
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00252-00093130-00093513 and our gospel lesson for today from
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00253-00093514-00093891 John chapter one we learn that Peter
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00254-00093892-00094185 became friends with Jesus through an
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00255-00094186-00094551 introduction from his brother Andrew we
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00256-00094552-00094773 read one of the two of them who heard
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00257-00094774-00094994 John the Baptist speak and followed him
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00258-00094995-00095463 was Andrew simon Peters brother he first
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00259-00095464-00095676 found his brother Simon and said to him
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00260-00095677-00096036 we have found the Messiah which is
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00261-00096037-00096669 translated anointed in a way you could
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00262-00096670-00097004 say that Andrew was an evangelist
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00263-00097005-00097305 now the word evangelist these days has
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00264-00097306-00097574 taken on sort of a negative connotation
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00265-00097575-00097838 because it's been associated with
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00266-00097839-00098213 conquest or perhaps a conversion to a
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00267-00098214-00098628 singular way of religious thought but in
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00268-00098629-00098922 reality the Evangelist comes from the
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00269-00098923-00099267 Greek you and Jillian which means bearer
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00270-00099268-00099591 of good news it's the same word that we
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00271-00099592-00099944 get the word angel you may know in the
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00272-00099945-00100254 other Gospels you hear stories of angels
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00273-00100255-00100530 coming to people to bear good news an
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00274-00100531-00100722 angel comes to Mary to say that she
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00275-00100723-00101007 would bear Jesus an angel comes to
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00276-00101008-00101256 Joseph saying it was safe to take Mary
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00277-00101257-00101526 as his wife angels come to the
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00278-00101527-00101823 Shepherd's to say the Messiah has been
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00279-00101824-00102174 born and where to find this Messiah this
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00280-00102175-00102782 this boy Jesus how have you come to know
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00281-00102783-00103197 Jesus how has your relationship come
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00282-00103198-00103505 into fruition of Jesus perhaps like me
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00283-00103506-00103829 you grew up in church and you learned
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00284-00103830-00104076 about Jesus through Bible stories and
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00285-00104077-00104249 through saw
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00286-00104250-00104633 you might have learned about Jesus by
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00287-00104633-00104930 stumbling upon a chapter such as the one
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00288-00104931-00105179 that we have here in Cambridge one where
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00289-00105180-00105449 you've you've found peace and stillness
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00290-00105450-00105961 and solace and a very turbulent world or
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00291-00105963-00106183 perhaps through the actions of a friend
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00292-00106184-00106463 like Andrew maybe someone who's had
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00293-00106464-00106751 influence on you who has shown you
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00294-00106752-00107024 friendship and grace and intimacy and
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00295-00107025-00107321 that has modeled a bit of reflection of
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00296-00107322-00107798 Jesus Jesus is calling us all into
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00297-00107799-00108181 relationship God wants to be with us in
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00298-00108182-00108484 relationship wants us to have abundant
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00299-00108485-00108875 life and a more fruitful life and this
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00300-00108876-00109223 is what God desires and it's through
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00301-00109224-00109448 that intimacy that we also become
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00302-00109449-00109796 evangelists by bearing that same light
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00303-00109797-00110264 to other people we become angels how is
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00304-00110265-00110630 it that we can become evangelists how
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00305-00110631-00110884 can we share the good news of Jesus with
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00306-00110885-00112268 other people who were indeed
+4mPzO5O9GHc-00307-00112269-00112584 [Music]
+4nuu8z10wny-00000-00000078-00000311 boy I thought long and hard this morning
+4nuu8z10wny-00001-00000312-00000455 about whether or not I wanted to make
+4nuu8z10wny-00002-00000456-00000599 this video
+4nuu8z10wny-00003-00000600-00000839 I just have to
+4nuu8z10wny-00004-00000840-00001684 [Music]
+4nuu8z10wny-00005-00001685-00001876 welcome welcome to the Rick helps real
+4nuu8z10wny-00006-00001877-00002152 estate show real estate agents YouTubers
+4nuu8z10wny-00007-00002153-00002410 stop lying
+4nuu8z10wny-00008-00002411-00002723 stop making click bait
+4nuu8z10wny-00009-00002724-00002915 click bait is when you've got a headline
+4nuu8z10wny-00010-00002916-00003125 that is nowhere near
+4nuu8z10wny-00011-00003126-00003281 the truth
+4nuu8z10wny-00012-00003282-00003461 and I try to be really careful with mine
+4nuu8z10wny-00013-00003461-00003695 a little inside information I actually
+4nuu8z10wny-00014-00003696-00003922 have a company that helps me with my
+4nuu8z10wny-00015-00003923-00004085 thumbnails and they're under very strict
+4nuu8z10wny-00016-00004086-00004270 rules that I don't want click bait I
+4nuu8z10wny-00017-00004271-00004504 don't want sensationalism and sometimes
+4nuu8z10wny-00018-00004505-00004654 they've made thumbnails and I've had to
+4nuu8z10wny-00019-00004655-00004786 get a hold of them go nope nope we're
+4nuu8z10wny-00020-00004787-00005009 not using that but I saw a headline
+4nuu8z10wny-00021-00005010-00005333 yesterday that just absolutely made me
+4nuu8z10wny-00022-00005334-00005704 want to dive into my computer
+4nuu8z10wny-00023-00005705-00006059 and that headline said new report 50
+4nuu8z10wny-00024-00006060-00006209 percent
+4nuu8z10wny-00025-00006210-00006400 upside down
+4nuu8z10wny-00026-00006401-00006592 and some of you probably know who this
+4nuu8z10wny-00027-00006593-00006748 gentleman is he's been scaring people
+4nuu8z10wny-00028-00006750-00006983 for two years I think he's been a real
+4nuu8z10wny-00029-00006984-00007217 estate agent for less than two years
+4nuu8z10wny-00030-00007218-00007523 and I got I gotta watch this I gotta see
+4nuu8z10wny-00031-00007523-00007781 where he's getting this data 50 of
+4nuu8z10wny-00032-00007781-00008110 homeowners are upside down really
+4nuu8z10wny-00033-00008111-00008345 64 percent of homeowners in the United
+4nuu8z10wny-00034-00008346-00008549 States are sitting in a sub four percent
+4nuu8z10wny-00035-00008550-00008674 mortgage
+4nuu8z10wny-00036-00008675-00008957 I gotta watch this video and twenty two
+4nuu8z10wny-00037-00008958-00009083 thousand
+4nuu8z10wny-00038-00009084-00009307 of you dead
+4nuu8z10wny-00039-00009308-00009599 so the thumbnail worked it's very
+4nuu8z10wny-00040-00009600-00009724 sensationalist
+4nuu8z10wny-00041-00009725-00009946 got your attention it's very Doom and
+4nuu8z10wny-00042-00009947-00010210 Gloom I've experimented with a couple of
+4nuu8z10wny-00043-00010211-00010409 thumbnails just for
+4nuu8z10wny-00044-00010410-00010553 giggles
+4nuu8z10wny-00045-00010554-00010745 and I have one where Pat and I do our
+4nuu8z10wny-00046-00010746-00010931 Friday show our Friday live stream and I
+4nuu8z10wny-00047-00010932-00011135 put in a picture of a nuclear explosion
+4nuu8z10wny-00048-00011136-00011423 behind me and I just titled it update
+4nuu8z10wny-00049-00011424-00011651 that's one of our best performing videos
+4nuu8z10wny-00050-00011652-00011914 live streams why because it looks like
+4nuu8z10wny-00051-00011915-00012028 everything's going to hell in the
+4nuu8z10wny-00052-00012029-00012221 handbasket I have a nuclear explosion
+4nuu8z10wny-00053-00012222-00012431 behind me there's one YouTuber out there
+4nuu8z10wny-00054-00012432-00012556 I really enjoy him he's very
+4nuu8z10wny-00055-00012557-00012749 entertaining but every one of his
+4nuu8z10wny-00056-00012750-00012965 thumbnails now are flames and it's
+4nuu8z10wny-00057-00012966-00013222 things like two days left this is urgent
+4nuu8z10wny-00058-00013223-00013427 it's all sensationalism so let's get
+4nuu8z10wny-00059-00013428-00013636 back to what ticked me off about
+4nuu8z10wny-00060-00013637-00013901 this video that I saw and why I urge you
+4nuu8z10wny-00061-00013902-00014213 to look at the data and the details when
+4nuu8z10wny-00062-00014213-00014536 you see these so the real number is and
+4nuu8z10wny-00063-00014537-00014879 he States it finally in the video the
+4nuu8z10wny-00064-00014880-00015119 BlackRock estimates
+4nuu8z10wny-00065-00015119-00015388 that eight percent of buyers who bought
+4nuu8z10wny-00066-00015390-00015611 in 2022
+4nuu8z10wny-00067-00015612-00015785 are currently upside down on their
+4nuu8z10wny-00068-00015786-00015953 mortgage
+4nuu8z10wny-00069-00015954-00016247 that's a far cry different isn't from 50
+4nuu8z10wny-00070-00016247-00016463 percent of all homeowners are upside
+4nuu8z10wny-00071-00016464-00016750 down that's eight percent
+4nuu8z10wny-00072-00016751-00017122 of people that purchased this year
+4nuu8z10wny-00073-00017123-00017350 that's nothing alarming there's been
+4nuu8z10wny-00074-00017351-00017513 many times I've purchased and the house
+4nuu8z10wny-00075-00017514-00017729 value went the other way you've probably
+4nuu8z10wny-00076-00017730-00017986 experienced the same thing how alarming
+4nuu8z10wny-00077-00017987-00018394 is that how bad should that be
+4nuu8z10wny-00078-00018395-00018647 and then he goes on to say that and they
+4nuu8z10wny-00079-00018648-00018899 anticipate that to
+4nuu8z10wny-00080-00018900-00019211 get to like 40 40 percent more real soon
+4nuu8z10wny-00081-00019212-00019553 okay if that's true if 40 percent of
+4nuu8z10wny-00082-00019554-00019739 people that bought in 2022 are upside
+4nuu8z10wny-00083-00019740-00019997 down that's not half the people in the
+4nuu8z10wny-00084-00019998-00020093 country
+4nuu8z10wny-00085-00020094-00020422 so why do you put that title
+4nuu8z10wny-00086-00020423-00020663 on your thumbnail or in your description
+4nuu8z10wny-00087-00020664-00020849 you're misleading people
+4nuu8z10wny-00088-00020850-00021113 I get it people want they like
+4nuu8z10wny-00089-00021114-00021263 sensationalism
+4nuu8z10wny-00090-00021264-00021521 they like the big headlines there are
+4nuu8z10wny-00091-00021522-00021658 those that feel like the Market's going
+4nuu8z10wny-00092-00021659-00021814 to crash and so you get on YouTube and
+4nuu8z10wny-00093-00021815-00022055 you find videos that
+4nuu8z10wny-00094-00022056-00022228 fits your narrative and you've got
+4nuu8z10wny-00095-00022229-00022450 people that are making videos to fit
+4nuu8z10wny-00096-00022451-00022630 their narrative instead of looking at
+4nuu8z10wny-00097-00022631-00022900 the data to determine what the narrative
+4nuu8z10wny-00098-00022901-00023033 should be
+4nuu8z10wny-00099-00023034-00023255 and in this particular video it also
+4nuu8z10wny-00100-00023256-00023441 makes you think well just how bad is it
+4nuu8z10wny-00101-00023442-00023597 when you get upside down on a mortgage
+4nuu8z10wny-00102-00023598-00023825 because I've been there several times
+4nuu8z10wny-00103-00023826-00024077 and if we just take an example and say
+4nuu8z10wny-00104-00024078-00024214 now I get it we have an affordability
+4nuu8z10wny-00105-00024215-00024371 problem and I'm not telling people go
+4nuu8z10wny-00106-00024372-00024491 out and buy today that's not the
+4nuu8z10wny-00107-00024492-00024700 intention of my channel although I had
+4nuu8z10wny-00108-00024701-00024989 somebody accuse me of that this week he
+4nuu8z10wny-00109-00024990-00025169 said oh look at this this the guy that
+4nuu8z10wny-00110-00025170-00025313 was telling you to buy six months ago
+4nuu8z10wny-00111-00025314-00025612 what a jerk and I I challenge you go
+4nuu8z10wny-00112-00025613-00025768 back six months and see if I ever told
+4nuu8z10wny-00113-00025769-00025925 you to buy there's some periods where I
+4nuu8z10wny-00114-00025926-00026050 said you know what during the bidding
+4nuu8z10wny-00115-00026051-00026320 wars I'd sit on your hands I'd wait this
+4nuu8z10wny-00116-00026322-00026423 out
+4nuu8z10wny-00117-00026424-00026687 so today I'm not going to tell you it's
+4nuu8z10wny-00118-00026688-00026861 a good time to buy or a bad time to buy
+4nuu8z10wny-00119-00026862-00027058 what I'm going to tell you is look
+4nuu8z10wny-00120-00027060-00027364 if you bought a house today or in
+4nuu8z10wny-00121-00027366-00027629 December at uh
+4nuu8z10wny-00122-00027630-00028055 500 000 and you put five percent down
+4nuu8z10wny-00123-00028056-00028270 and you pulled out an amortization table
+4nuu8z10wny-00124-00028272-00028499 and you said well let's let's see what
+4nuu8z10wny-00125-00028500-00028714 this looks like so I end up kind of
+4nuu8z10wny-00126-00028716-00028912 running through it here and you got a
+4nuu8z10wny-00127-00028913-00029093 down payment of twenty five thousand
+4nuu8z10wny-00128-00029094-00029470 dollars right and so that's your money
+4nuu8z10wny-00129-00029472-00029651 that's at risk
+4nuu8z10wny-00130-00029652-00029831 so what else would you do with that
+4nuu8z10wny-00131-00029832-00029968 twenty five thousand dollars if you
+4nuu8z10wny-00132-00029969-00030083 weren't buying a home would you put it
+4nuu8z10wny-00133-00030083-00030245 in the stock market you put it in bonds
+4nuu8z10wny-00134-00030245-00030390 CDs
+4nuu8z10wny-00135-00030391-00030761 crypto what is your opportunity to grow
+4nuu8z10wny-00136-00030762-00030952 your wealth so you have a loan amount of
+4nuu8z10wny-00137-00030954-00031301 475 000 now now that's true that's a
+4nuu8z10wny-00138-00031302-00031499 mortgage that's a risk if you lose your
+4nuu8z10wny-00139-00031500-00031774 job and you have to move somehow you've
+4nuu8z10wny-00140-00031775-00031937 got to cover that loan amount but what
+4nuu8z10wny-00141-00031938-00032135 you have to cover is your payment
+4nuu8z10wny-00142-00032136-00032387 now the estimated payments here are
+4nuu8z10wny-00143-00032388-00032639 showing I put an interest rate of three
+4nuu8z10wny-00144-00032639-00032831 percent because that's where they were
+4nuu8z10wny-00145-00032832-00032987 when the market was hot so it gives you
+4nuu8z10wny-00146-00032988-00033211 a total payment of 24
+4nuu8z10wny-00147-00033212-00033593 15. now what were you paying in rent
+4nuu8z10wny-00148-00033594-00033755 if you're in a three bedroom two bath
+4nuu8z10wny-00149-00033756-00034079 house you're probably 22 to 2400 no
+4nuu8z10wny-00150-00034080-00034343 doubt so instead of paying somebody
+4nuu8z10wny-00151-00034344-00034546 else's mortgage somebody else's
+4nuu8z10wny-00152-00034547-00034846 Insurance you're now paying yours so
+4nuu8z10wny-00153-00034847-00035015 you're going to end up with about 15 000
+4nuu8z10wny-00154-00035016-00035261 a year in deductibles or interest rate
+4nuu8z10wny-00155-00035262-00035399 deductions and you're going to end up
+4nuu8z10wny-00156-00035400-00035621 being able to deduct your real estate
+4nuu8z10wny-00157-00035622-00035795 taxes but what I really want to point
+4nuu8z10wny-00158-00035796-00036071 out is what if you stayed put
+4nuu8z10wny-00159-00036072-00036293 so there's articles out there now that
+4nuu8z10wny-00160-00036294-00036617 say well it's going to take 10 years for
+4nuu8z10wny-00161-00036618-00036785 these real estate prices to get back up
+4nuu8z10wny-00162-00036786-00037055 to where they were okay so let's look
+4nuu8z10wny-00163-00037056-00037187 out 10 years let's go to the
+4nuu8z10wny-00164-00037188-00037457 amateurization table and go to scroll
+4nuu8z10wny-00165-00037458-00037768 down here so we started in 2022 so where
+4nuu8z10wny-00166-00037769-00037949 are we going to be as far as the amount
+4nuu8z10wny-00167-00037950-00038255 of money we own in 2032.
+4nuu8z10wny-00168-00038256-00038574 so scroll scroll scroll here we are
+4nuu8z10wny-00169-00038575-00039083 2032 it's coming up and right here
+4nuu8z10wny-00170-00039084-00039493 here there we are there's January 2032.
+4nuu8z10wny-00171-00039494-00039827 359 994 dollars
+4nuu8z10wny-00172-00039828-00040096 so you started out on 475 and now you're
+4nuu8z10wny-00173-00040097-00040427 at 359 000 now
+4nuu8z10wny-00174-00040428-00040721 if it turns out that it's going to take
+4nuu8z10wny-00175-00040722-00040974 us 10 years to go from our Peak
+4nuu8z10wny-00176-00040975-00041285 down and then back up and you get back
+4nuu8z10wny-00177-00041286-00041579 up in 10 years you're 150 000 ahead of
+4nuu8z10wny-00178-00041580-00041735 where you started
+4nuu8z10wny-00179-00041736-00041909 that's a good thing
+4nuu8z10wny-00180-00041910-00042124 if you're renting you're not ahead
+4nuu8z10wny-00181-00042125-00042352 you're behind during that period rent's
+4nuu8z10wny-00182-00042353-00042479 going to go up going to go down real
+4nuu8z10wny-00183-00042480-00042605 estate is going to go up it's going to
+4nuu8z10wny-00184-00042606-00042785 go down interest rates are going to
+4nuu8z10wny-00185-00042786-00043061 change but your payment stayed the same
+4nuu8z10wny-00186-00043062-00043265 if you bought at the peak of the market
+4nuu8z10wny-00187-00043266-00043462 you got a good payment
+4nuu8z10wny-00188-00043463-00043661 it's staying the same it's not going to
+4nuu8z10wny-00189-00043662-00043817 change it's not going to reset we're not
+4nuu8z10wny-00190-00043818-00044039 Canada
+4nuu8z10wny-00191-00044040-00044296 so you've got a fixed payment amount and
+4nuu8z10wny-00192-00044297-00044440 probably during those 10 years you may
+4nuu8z10wny-00193-00044441-00044585 have made some modifications on the
+4nuu8z10wny-00194-00044586-00044807 house and maybe it's worth more than 500
+4nuu8z10wny-00195-00044808-00045058 000. so my point is that temporarily
+4nuu8z10wny-00196-00045059-00045239 being upside down in a real estate
+4nuu8z10wny-00197-00045240-00045502 market is more common than you think and
+4nuu8z10wny-00198-00045503-00045677 it happens a lot it happened to your
+4nuu8z10wny-00199-00045678-00045899 parents it happened to your grandparents
+4nuu8z10wny-00200-00045900-00046174 it'll happen to you there are periods
+4nuu8z10wny-00201-00046175-00046318 where your home is worth more than you
+4nuu8z10wny-00202-00046319-00046540 paid for it way more like two years ago
+4nuu8z10wny-00203-00046541-00046702 and there's periods where you're sitting
+4nuu8z10wny-00204-00046703-00046961 there going oh this is bad so I kind of
+4nuu8z10wny-00205-00046962-00047135 look at it like a 401k sometimes you
+4nuu8z10wny-00206-00047136-00047315 just don't want to look at it but
+4nuu8z10wny-00207-00047316-00047537 because of the rapid acceleration that
+4nuu8z10wny-00208-00047538-00047699 we've had in real estate everybody wants
+4nuu8z10wny-00209-00047700-00047843 to check and see how much their home is
+4nuu8z10wny-00210-00047844-00048011 worth now do they make more money what
+4nuu8z10wny-00211-00048012-00048167 if I sell it now what am I going to do
+4nuu8z10wny-00212-00048168-00048574 well if you do lose your job and you own
+4nuu8z10wny-00213-00048575-00048724 the house
+4nuu8z10wny-00214-00048725-00048983 I think you have more options then to
+4nuu8z10wny-00215-00048984-00049217 get help than you do if you're renting
+4nuu8z10wny-00216-00049218-00049343 because if you're renting and you lose
+4nuu8z10wny-00217-00049344-00049487 your job
+4nuu8z10wny-00218-00049488-00049690 you can't afford rent what are you going
+4nuu8z10wny-00219-00049691-00049829 to do you know you're probably gonna
+4nuu8z10wny-00220-00049830-00050021 have to move in with somebody and you're
+4nuu8z10wny-00221-00050022-00050146 going to have to find another place to
+4nuu8z10wny-00222-00050147-00050267 rent this cheaper and you probably can't
+4nuu8z10wny-00223-00050268-00050536 afford that if you own a home and you
+4nuu8z10wny-00224-00050537-00050758 lose your job and you've got room maybe
+4nuu8z10wny-00225-00050759-00050957 you can bring people in as roommates to
+4nuu8z10wny-00226-00050958-00051173 help you maybe you can bring some family
+4nuu8z10wny-00227-00051174-00051407 in maybe you can move in with family and
+4nuu8z10wny-00228-00051408-00051587 then put your house up for rent
+4nuu8z10wny-00229-00051588-00051802 and so you can't cover the whole twenty
+4nuu8z10wny-00230-00051803-00051929 four hundred dollars but maybe you can
+4nuu8z10wny-00231-00051929-00052187 cover 1800 of it and you can afford to
+4nuu8z10wny-00232-00052188-00052469 pay the Gap so you have more options if
+4nuu8z10wny-00233-00052470-00052654 you own the home than you do that if
+4nuu8z10wny-00234-00052655-00052775 you're renting if you're renting you
+4nuu8z10wny-00235-00052776-00053021 lost your job you're gone you're out so
+4nuu8z10wny-00236-00053022-00053225 there's a lot of benefits to owning now
+4nuu8z10wny-00237-00053226-00053471 there are tremendous benefits in buying
+4nuu8z10wny-00238-00053472-00053675 real estate when things are really Bleak
+4nuu8z10wny-00239-00053676-00053921 and selling them later if you want to be
+4nuu8z10wny-00240-00053922-00054137 an investor or buying homes at a real
+4nuu8z10wny-00241-00054138-00054287 bargain and then 10 years from now
+4nuu8z10wny-00242-00054288-00054503 selling it for way more than what you
+4nuu8z10wny-00243-00054504-00054694 paid for it I get it that's great but
+4nuu8z10wny-00244-00054695-00054832 it's going to be hard to recognize the
+4nuu8z10wny-00245-00054833-00055025 bottom we won't know where the bottom is
+4nuu8z10wny-00246-00055026-00055199 until three or four months after that
+4nuu8z10wny-00247-00055200-00055415 has already occurred nobody rings a bell
+4nuu8z10wny-00248-00055416-00055625 and says okay time to buy now and the
+4nuu8z10wny-00249-00055626-00055787 interesting Dynamic that I'm seeing in
+4nuu8z10wny-00250-00055788-00056038 this market today is there are a lot of
+4nuu8z10wny-00251-00056039-00056321 you out there waiting oh I'm waiting I'm
+4nuu8z10wny-00252-00056322-00056513 waiting for when it gets to my price and
+4nuu8z10wny-00253-00056514-00056716 they get down there I'm jumping in and
+4nuu8z10wny-00254-00056717-00056999 buying a bunch of rental houses are you
+4nuu8z10wny-00255-00057000-00057275 because you and 30 000 other people are
+4nuu8z10wny-00256-00057276-00057454 thinking the same thing so are you
+4nuu8z10wny-00257-00057455-00057647 really going to get that bargain and if
+4nuu8z10wny-00258-00057648-00057766 you're going to buy these rental houses
+4nuu8z10wny-00259-00057767-00057935 what's the vacancy rate is four percent
+4nuu8z10wny-00260-00057936-00058192 Now is it going to be 10 then have you
+4nuu8z10wny-00261-00058194-00058337 done your due diligence to figure out
+4nuu8z10wny-00262-00058338-00058553 what you can get on rent who's going to
+4nuu8z10wny-00263-00058554-00058804 manage them so start thinking about that
+4nuu8z10wny-00264-00058805-00058949 as you're going forward and looking at
+4nuu8z10wny-00265-00058950-00059141 this Market how will you know when the
+4nuu8z10wny-00266-00059141-00059315 market's at that sweet spot where you
+4nuu8z10wny-00267-00059316-00059530 want to buy people are always tossing me
+4nuu8z10wny-00268-00059532-00059692 numbers I'm not getting into they're
+4nuu8z10wny-00269-00059694-00059950 down 20 okay well if we're down 20
+4nuu8z10wny-00270-00059951-00060179 percent the news that you're going to
+4nuu8z10wny-00271-00060179-00060365 see is going to be Bleak oh God real
+4nuu8z10wny-00272-00060366-00060497 estate's getting pounded this is
+4nuu8z10wny-00273-00060498-00060659 terrible and you're going to be cowering
+4nuu8z10wny-00274-00060660-00060797 in fear I don't think I should get in
+4nuu8z10wny-00275-00060798-00060935 now it's probably going to go around
+4nuu8z10wny-00276-00060936-00061199 another 20. so there's a lot to think of
+4nuu8z10wny-00277-00061200-00061691 I caution you again pay attention to the
+4nuu8z10wny-00278-00061691-00062026 headlines the scare mongers and the
+4nuu8z10wny-00279-00062027-00062279 details real estate can go anywhere it
+4nuu8z10wny-00280-00062279-00062573 really can it can get bad this year
+4nuu8z10wny-00281-00062574-00062879 it can also muddle along flat or it
+4nuu8z10wny-00282-00062879-00063029 could slightly improve by time we get
+4nuu8z10wny-00283-00063029-00063341 into 2024 nobody knows and when you say
+4nuu8z10wny-00284-00063341-00063575 nobody knows nobody knows we're going to
+4nuu8z10wny-00285-00063576-00063761 crash they shouldn't be putting out
+4nuu8z10wny-00286-00063762-00063988 these scare videos trying to scare the
+4nuu8z10wny-00287-00063989-00064180 bejesus out of you that things are
+4nuu8z10wny-00288-00064182-00064523 really Bleak when in fact they're not if
+4nuu8z10wny-00289-00064524-00064709 they get really Bleak there should be
+4nuu8z10wny-00290-00064710-00064954 numbers to look at to validate what
+4nuu8z10wny-00291-00064955-00065123 they're saying so to say we're going to
+4nuu8z10wny-00292-00065124-00065285 be down 50 and then you get into the
+4nuu8z10wny-00293-00065286-00065465 media article and it says there's a
+4nuu8z10wny-00294-00065466-00065579 fraction of the people that are down
+4nuu8z10wny-00295-00065580-00065735 eight percent I'm sorry you're just
+4nuu8z10wny-00296-00065736-00065969 lying to people you need to knock it off
+4nuu8z10wny-00297-00065970-00066197 I feel better now to you take care have
+4nuu8z10wny-00298-00066198-00066445 a great day
+507NsB0ubGM-00000-00000003-00000457 all right next up is Brendan Higgins
+507NsB0ubGM-00001-00000458-00001177 who's gonna be talking about K unit yep
+507NsB0ubGM-00002-00001178-00001520 yeah so as Ted said my name is Brendan I
+507NsB0ubGM-00003-00001521-00001721 work at Google I used to work on server
+507NsB0ubGM-00004-00001722-00001976 bring up at Google and I also used to
+507NsB0ubGM-00005-00001977-00002156 work on open BMC if anybody knows what
+507NsB0ubGM-00006-00002157-00002396 that is right now I'm spending all my
+507NsB0ubGM-00007-00002397-00002672 time working on K unit because it
+507NsB0ubGM-00008-00002673-00002870 actually turns out it took singing a lot
+507NsB0ubGM-00009-00002871-00003301 more effort than I thought it would so
+507NsB0ubGM-00010-00003302-00003710 yeah so first off I want to make sure I
+507NsB0ubGM-00011-00003711-00003911 remembered to say those please interrupt
+507NsB0ubGM-00012-00003911-00004217 me this talk is for you I you know I
+507NsB0ubGM-00013-00004218-00004640 already know what it like about K unit
+507NsB0ubGM-00014-00004641-00004879 and stuff so I would much rather talk
+507NsB0ubGM-00015-00004880-00005033 about what the audience wants to talk
+507NsB0ubGM-00016-00005034-00005288 about rather than what I think that you
+507NsB0ubGM-00017-00005289-00005656 want to talk about so I also really
+507NsB0ubGM-00018-00005657-00005834 really hate slide decks like I hate the
+507NsB0ubGM-00019-00005835-00006113 concept of slide decks so by definition
+507NsB0ubGM-00020-00006114-00006317 I think my slide decks aren't very good
+507NsB0ubGM-00021-00006318-00006575 because I don't think you can make it
+507NsB0ubGM-00022-00006576-00006946 slide decks so anyway don't don't read
+507NsB0ubGM-00023-00006947-00007556 into that too far so yeah so so why unit
+507NsB0ubGM-00024-00007556-00007964 testing YK unit so I think it's demo
+507NsB0ubGM-00025-00007965-00008092 time because I think it's supposed to
+507NsB0ubGM-00026-00008093-00008467 just let it speak for itself so oh this
+507NsB0ubGM-00027-00008468-00008717 is funny I just realized so I I can't
+507NsB0ubGM-00028-00008718-00008896 for some reason mirror my display so I'm
+507NsB0ubGM-00029-00008897-00009908 going to have to put let's see okay
+507NsB0ubGM-00030-00009909-00010249 okay there we go cool so I'm going to
+507NsB0ubGM-00031-00010250-00010724 have to look at where my mouse go there
+507NsB0ubGM-00032-00010725-00010987 we go I'm gonna have to look at the
+507NsB0ubGM-00033-00010988-00011359 monitor on here so that's gonna be fun
+507NsB0ubGM-00034-00011360-00011485 okay
+507NsB0ubGM-00035-00011486-00012223 so so all this is I checked out she was
+507NsB0ubGM-00036-00012224-00012778 for next branch so the this the the code
+507NsB0ubGM-00037-00012779-00012905 that's here is going to be available
+507NsB0ubGM-00038-00012906-00013271 like upstream whenever she was branch
+507NsB0ubGM-00039-00013272-00014015 gets pulled into Lennox mainline oh yeah
+507NsB0ubGM-00040-00014016-00014771 let's see is this good
+507NsB0ubGM-00041-00014772-00015247 can everyone read this yes more you want
+507NsB0ubGM-00042-00015248-00015469 to be bigger okay cool
+507NsB0ubGM-00043-00015470-00015728 so the only modification I did is I
+507NsB0ubGM-00044-00015729-00015875 intentionally went and broke some code
+507NsB0ubGM-00045-00015876-00016003 so that way you can see what a test
+507NsB0ubGM-00046-00016004-00016115 failure looks like but other than that
+507NsB0ubGM-00047-00016116-00016316 this is just what's in the shoe is Linux
+507NsB0ubGM-00048-00016316-00016763 next so you can run cane it like this I
+507NsB0ubGM-00049-00016764-00017099 added some extra parameters for setting
+507NsB0ubGM-00050-00017100-00017315 a timeout and for making it oops
+507NsB0ubGM-00051-00017316-00017864 oh I unbroke the test oh wow
+507NsB0ubGM-00052-00017865-00018071 so I ran through this ahead of time and
+507NsB0ubGM-00053-00018072-00018475 you know I wanted to make sure that I
+507NsB0ubGM-00054-00018476-00018658 did this problem
+507NsB0ubGM-00055-00018659-00019155 okay I'm gonna break it on my side so
+507NsB0ubGM-00056-00019156-00019544 yeah I didn't actually save and go so
+507NsB0ubGM-00057-00019545-00019742 I'm just gonna break it you won't be
+507NsB0ubGM-00058-00019743-00019940 able to see me break it and it'll just
+507NsB0ubGM-00059-00019941-00020642 have to trust that okay
+507NsB0ubGM-00060-00020643-00020944 so I guess this is this is what happens
+507NsB0ubGM-00061-00020945-00021460 when I kind of asked for this yeah yeah
+507NsB0ubGM-00062-00021461-00022427 okay so this should fail now yes fails
+507NsB0ubGM-00063-00022428-00022952 okay cool and so okay I can't there we
+507NsB0ubGM-00064-00022953-00023219 go we can scroll okay so this is what a
+507NsB0ubGM-00065-00023220-00023333 failure looks like you have an
+507NsB0ubGM-00066-00023334-00023530 expectation failed at this for this line
+507NsB0ubGM-00067-00023531-00023983 so I'm going to open up this file oh wow
+507NsB0ubGM-00068-00023984-00024322 dexterity trying to do on looking
+507NsB0ubGM-00069-00024323-00025668 sideways okay - Pete
+507NsB0ubGM-00070-00025669-00026056 so naming convention I've been trying to
+507NsB0ubGM-00071-00026057-00026429 promote is it tests a thing so if you
+507NsB0ubGM-00072-00026430-00026561 have a unit test profile then it's going
+507NsB0ubGM-00073-00026562-00026777 to test that thing and then the unit
+507NsB0ubGM-00074-00026777-00027190 test will be that name - test so this so
+507NsB0ubGM-00075-00027191-00027425 in this case the Tethys is called test
+507NsB0ubGM-00076-00027426-00028117 tests this is control
+507NsB0ubGM-00077-00028118-00028770 just CTL there you go cool
+507NsB0ubGM-00078-00028772-00029207 so if so if we went back there it tests
+507NsB0ubGM-00079-00029208-00029582 in line I think what was a 363 through
+507NsB0ubGM-00080-00029583-00030095 68 yeah so we see that there's an
+507NsB0ubGM-00081-00030095-00030367 expectation here it calls this function
+507NsB0ubGM-00082-00030368-00030670 praça do int Veck and expects us to
+507NsB0ubGM-00083-00030672-00030946 return an e and fell so we know that
+507NsB0ubGM-00084-00030947-00031556 we're looking for a an air no to be
+507NsB0ubGM-00085-00031557-00031685 returned by this and it's returning the
+507NsB0ubGM-00086-00031686-00031808 long one
+507NsB0ubGM-00087-00031808-00032204 if we go back to the example we saw that
+507NsB0ubGM-00088-00032205-00032336 the number that was printing it out
+507NsB0ubGM-00089-00032337-00032608 corresponds to e range so we can just
+507NsB0ubGM-00090-00032609-00032936 look for a range here and I had already
+507NsB0ubGM-00091-00032937-00033040 opened it to that line because I
+507NsB0ubGM-00092-00033041-00033493 intentionally broke up
+507NsB0ubGM-00093-00033494-00034312 so to be well okay
+507NsB0ubGM-00094-00034313-00034705 and if I run the test again should pass
+507NsB0ubGM-00095-00034706-00035424 now yeah cool so that that worked out
+507NsB0ubGM-00096-00035425-00035947 you know I need to get rid of this let's
+507NsB0ubGM-00097-00035948-00036823 go okay this suite okay so I did also
+507NsB0ubGM-00098-00036824-00036985 record a video just in case my demo
+507NsB0ubGM-00099-00036986-00037228 didn't work but I just do basically the
+507NsB0ubGM-00100-00037229-00037393 same thing except in a slightly more
+507NsB0ubGM-00101-00037394-00037654 organized fashion with that as much
+507NsB0ubGM-00102-00037655-00037990 mumbling so so how's it different from
+507NsB0ubGM-00103-00037991-00038179 the testing we already have I think the
+507NsB0ubGM-00104-00038180-00038419 first thing is it's pretty fast unlike
+507NsB0ubGM-00105-00038420-00038671 my demo the the test run pretty fast all
+507NsB0ubGM-00106-00038672-00038842 you have like right now they're pretty
+507NsB0ubGM-00107-00038843-00039004 much bound by how fast you can build the
+507NsB0ubGM-00108-00039005-00039277 kernel it doesn't depend on user land I
+507NsB0ubGM-00109-00039278-00039474 think that was that was pretty obvious
+507NsB0ubGM-00110-00039475-00039775 hopefully sort of obvious and it doesn't
+507NsB0ubGM-00111-00039776-00039922 have any external dependencies and
+507NsB0ubGM-00112-00039923-00040105 writing a test is no different than
+507NsB0ubGM-00113-00040106-00040303 writing any regular kernel cookus that
+507NsB0ubGM-00114-00040304-00040486 the actual test links against the code
+507NsB0ubGM-00115-00040487-00040753 that's under test so I think that that
+507NsB0ubGM-00116-00040754-00040945 makes it pretty convenient it means that
+507NsB0ubGM-00117-00040946-00041074 you can just test like arbitrary
+507NsB0ubGM-00118-00041075-00041503 functions in the kernel so in other
+507NsB0ubGM-00119-00041504-00042037 words it's unit testing so I I debated
+507NsB0ubGM-00120-00042038-00042199 on including the next section because I
+507NsB0ubGM-00121-00042200-00042307 don't really want to get up here and
+507NsB0ubGM-00122-00042308-00042553 preach about like unit testing and like
+507NsB0ubGM-00123-00042554-00042712 how unit testing is different from other
+507NsB0ubGM-00124-00042713-00043135 things I think that if like people want
+507NsB0ubGM-00125-00043136-00043345 to understand like the the reasoning we
+507NsB0ubGM-00126-00043346-00043573 fought behind like why I made some of
+507NsB0ubGM-00127-00043574-00043711 the decisions that I did it's probably
+507NsB0ubGM-00128-00043712-00044047 understand important to understand you
+507NsB0ubGM-00129-00044048-00044149 know there's there's different
+507NsB0ubGM-00130-00044150-00044539 philosophies for testing but it would be
+507NsB0ubGM-00131-00044540-00044707 important to sort of to understand my
+507NsB0ubGM-00132-00044708-00044971 philosophy of testing of what unit tests
+507NsB0ubGM-00133-00044972-00045220 are so do people want to hear about that
+507NsB0ubGM-00134-00045221-00045382 or do we want to move on to something
+507NsB0ubGM-00135-00045383-00045762 else here about it okay we'll talk about
+507NsB0ubGM-00136-00045763-00046132 yeah so I think so the way I like to
+507NsB0ubGM-00137-00046133-00046312 break down testing and there's a lot of
+507NsB0ubGM-00138-00046313-00046486 tests that fit outside of this testing
+507NsB0ubGM-00139-00046487-00046579 category just
+507NsB0ubGM-00140-00046580-00046918 régime whatever but I'm just gonna say
+507NsB0ubGM-00141-00046919-00047080 tests can be broken down into other unit
+507NsB0ubGM-00142-00047081-00047121 toughs
+507NsB0ubGM-00143-00047122-00047368 integration tests are into n test so I'm
+507NsB0ubGM-00144-00047369-00047530 going to start off with do people
+507NsB0ubGM-00145-00047531-00047845 already feel like they're got like how
+507NsB0ubGM-00146-00047846-00047986 many people here feel like you know the
+507NsB0ubGM-00147-00047987-00048165 difference between a unit tests and
+507NsB0ubGM-00148-00048166-00048364 integration doesn't matter to us can you
+507NsB0ubGM-00149-00048365-00048583 raise your hand okay that's the most
+507NsB0ubGM-00150-00048584-00049057 people so I get huh yeah yeah so maybe
+507NsB0ubGM-00151-00049058-00049243 we should just move on so I'll just run
+507NsB0ubGM-00152-00049244-00049570 through it really quick then so an
+507NsB0ubGM-00153-00049571-00049711 end-to-end test the point is you're
+507NsB0ubGM-00154-00049712-00049861 supposed to test the entire system under
+507NsB0ubGM-00155-00049862-00050055 test from the standpoint of the kernel I
+507NsB0ubGM-00156-00050056-00050190 don't think this necessarily means like
+507NsB0ubGM-00157-00050191-00050343 you could argue that would be just in
+507NsB0ubGM-00158-00050344-00050571 testing like an entire application that
+507NsB0ubGM-00159-00050572-00050779 you have I think from the standpoint of
+507NsB0ubGM-00160-00050780-00050955 the kernel this means you actually boot
+507NsB0ubGM-00161-00050956-00051130 a real kernel on a real machine you have
+507NsB0ubGM-00162-00051131-00051291 some user land programs let's directly
+507NsB0ubGM-00163-00051292-00051516 interact with the kernel and then you
+507NsB0ubGM-00164-00051517-00051927 tested that way you're supposed to be
+507NsB0ubGM-00165-00051928-00052123 trying to emulate what it would look
+507NsB0ubGM-00166-00052124-00052636 like for a user of your system so I have
+507NsB0ubGM-00167-00052637-00052813 an example here of you might be you
+507NsB0ubGM-00168-00052814-00053031 might want to do this by like I said
+507NsB0ubGM-00169-00053032-00053191 just running on production hardware and
+507NsB0ubGM-00170-00053191-00053428 then trying to exercise some behavior
+507NsB0ubGM-00171-00053429-00053580 that depends on the hardware the kernel
+507NsB0ubGM-00172-00053582-00053754 and then like the fiscal interface you
+507NsB0ubGM-00173-00053755-00053971 provide the idea is you're trying to
+507NsB0ubGM-00174-00053972-00054148 keep it as close to the production like
+507NsB0ubGM-00175-00054149-00054604 environment as possible a unit test is
+507NsB0ubGM-00176-00054604-00054909 supposed to test things in isolation so
+507NsB0ubGM-00177-00054910-00055228 that the idea is you're you're you're
+507NsB0ubGM-00178-00055229-00055579 exchanging the realism for determinism
+507NsB0ubGM-00179-00055579-00055854 and hermiticity so your test should be a
+507NsB0ubGM-00180-00055855-00056041 lot more predictable they should be a
+507NsB0ubGM-00181-00056041-00056254 lot faster and easier to understand and
+507NsB0ubGM-00182-00056254-00056425 it's a lot easier to write them and
+507NsB0ubGM-00183-00056426-00056631 maintain them they should be very very
+507NsB0ubGM-00184-00056632-00056875 fast and they shouldn't require any kind
+507NsB0ubGM-00185-00056876-00057103 of setup like when I say fast I mean
+507NsB0ubGM-00186-00057104-00057388 your test should run on the orders of
+507NsB0ubGM-00187-00057389-00057954 milliseconds so yeah and an integration
+507NsB0ubGM-00188-00057955-00058080 test the way I think of it as it's just
+507NsB0ubGM-00189-00058082-00058317 something that's in between a unit test
+507NsB0ubGM-00190-00058319-00058656 and an end-to-end test it does to test
+507NsB0ubGM-00191-00058657-00058800 the interaction between things under
+507NsB0ubGM-00192-00058801-00058999 certain circumstances you could write a
+507NsB0ubGM-00193-00059000-00059248 hardware integration test that just
+507NsB0ubGM-00194-00059249-00059416 tests how a driver interacts with its
+507NsB0ubGM-00195-00059416-00059856 hardware but at the same time you're
+507NsB0ubGM-00196-00059857-00059974 still trying to keep it as simple as
+507NsB0ubGM-00197-00059975-00060016 possible
+507NsB0ubGM-00198-00060016-00060237 of all it's not necessarily going to be
+507NsB0ubGM-00199-00060238-00060850 a realistic environment etc etc so I
+507NsB0ubGM-00200-00060851-00061176 have a little punnett square thing here
+507NsB0ubGM-00201-00061177-00061366 that compares the different things so
+507NsB0ubGM-00202-00061366-00061648 basically unit tests and an tester just
+507NsB0ubGM-00203-00061649-00062082 kind of opposite the scope for units
+507NsB0ubGM-00204-00062083-00062290 house is very small which means that in
+507NsB0ubGM-00205-00062291-00062509 terms of overall coverage I should have
+507NsB0ubGM-00206-00062510-00062643 probably specified that the overall
+507NsB0ubGM-00207-00062644-00062787 coverage you can achieve with all of
+507NsB0ubGM-00208-00062788-00062986 your units house is quite high because
+507NsB0ubGM-00209-00062987-00063501 you can test functions directly but the
+507NsB0ubGM-00210-00063502-00063736 amount of coverage for an individual
+507NsB0ubGM-00211-00063737-00063879 unit test is going to be quite low
+507NsB0ubGM-00212-00063880-00064005 because you're just testing a little
+507NsB0ubGM-00213-00064007-00064329 single unit they're gonna be really fast
+507NsB0ubGM-00214-00064330-00064561 you should have a really kind confidence
+507NsB0ubGM-00215-00064562-00064723 in the individual thing that you're
+507NsB0ubGM-00216-00064724-00064915 testing but that also means that you
+507NsB0ubGM-00217-00064916-00065137 have very low confidence in like the
+507NsB0ubGM-00218-00065138-00065362 overall system and then tests are the
+507NsB0ubGM-00219-00065363-00065575 opposite in an integration test was just
+507NsB0ubGM-00220-00065576-00066069 a trade off so keen it's not a new idea
+507NsB0ubGM-00221-00066070-00066312 lots of other people already use you
+507NsB0ubGM-00222-00066313-00066436 know testing there's lots of other
+507NsB0ubGM-00223-00066437-00066606 really really good examples of unit
+507NsB0ubGM-00224-00066607-00066868 testing libraries out there in what I've
+507NsB0ubGM-00225-00066869-00067330 put and what is staged and Linux next
+507NsB0ubGM-00226-00067331-00067567 there really aren't any super new
+507NsB0ubGM-00227-00067568-00067813 original ideas out there it's all stuff
+507NsB0ubGM-00228-00067814-00068305 that exists so I I don't think I should
+507NsB0ubGM-00229-00068306-00068650 be awarded for any kind of cleverness in
+507NsB0ubGM-00230-00068651-00068929 Kim Yuna it's really just about if I
+507NsB0ubGM-00231-00068930-00069063 deserve any praise for anything it's
+507NsB0ubGM-00232-00069064-00069391 just because of the will that's taken to
+507NsB0ubGM-00233-00069392-00069918 do it yeah so I don't really want to
+507NsB0ubGM-00234-00069919-00070056 talking about the X unit stuff we really
+507NsB0ubGM-00235-00070057-00070263 look at an example if you want to learn
+507NsB0ubGM-00236-00070264-00070522 more about X unit stuff there's this
+507NsB0ubGM-00237-00070523-00070775 really good Martin Fowler article on it
+507NsB0ubGM-00238-00070776-00071137 I guess I didn't actually use the define
+507NsB0ubGM-00239-00071138-00071290 the term X you know do people feel like
+507NsB0ubGM-00240-00071291-00071659 they know what X unit is yes raise your
+507NsB0ubGM-00241-00071660-00071980 hand okay so that's actually know so
+507NsB0ubGM-00242-00071981-00072225 actually and it is is basically just the
+507NsB0ubGM-00243-00072226-00072567 it's it's a really popular style a
+507NsB0ubGM-00244-00072568-00072813 framework for writing unit tests
+507NsB0ubGM-00245-00072814-00073030 basically you have like some setup code
+507NsB0ubGM-00246-00073031-00073176 that runs before every single test case
+507NsB0ubGM-00247-00073177-00073351 you have a collection of test case
+507NsB0ubGM-00248-00073352-00073624 and then after every taste test case you
+507NsB0ubGM-00249-00073625-00073729 have some cleanup code that you would
+507NsB0ubGM-00250-00073730-00074044 like to run after every single test case
+507NsB0ubGM-00251-00074045-00074239 and it just makes it easier for you to
+507NsB0ubGM-00252-00074240-00074569 do that that's the kind of pattern that
+507NsB0ubGM-00253-00074570-00074899 I followed with Keita I have a better I
+507NsB0ubGM-00254-00074900-00075112 have an example of that we can look at
+507NsB0ubGM-00255-00075113-00075445 if anyone wants to see it but I think
+507NsB0ubGM-00256-00075446-00075630 it's pretty employee explanatory
+507NsB0ubGM-00257-00075631-00076117 so where's king unit today
+507NsB0ubGM-00258-00076118-00076336 the initial patch set which includes the
+507NsB0ubGM-00259-00076337-00076780 ability to define unit tests along with
+507NsB0ubGM-00260-00076781-00077041 individual test cases and like I
+507NsB0ubGM-00261-00077042-00077140 mentioned this is setup and teardown
+507NsB0ubGM-00262-00077141-00077515 logic expectations and assertions which
+507NsB0ubGM-00263-00077516-00077710 give you the ability to actually like
+507NsB0ubGM-00264-00077711-00077905 define the behavior that you would like
+507NsB0ubGM-00265-00077906-00078210 the code under test to exhibit
+507NsB0ubGM-00266-00078211-00078427 assertions are just an expectation that
+507NsB0ubGM-00267-00078428-00078658 allows you to bail out a test quickly
+507NsB0ubGM-00268-00078659-00078901 and easily there's a resource management
+507NsB0ubGM-00269-00078902-00079318 API so basically if you're you know if
+507NsB0ubGM-00270-00079319-00079486 you're if you're writing if you want a
+507NsB0ubGM-00271-00079487-00079627 unit test some code you're probably
+507NsB0ubGM-00272-00079628-00080278 going to want to use resources from
+507NsB0ubGM-00273-00080279-00080530 other parts of the kernel in your part
+507NsB0ubGM-00274-00080531-00080751 of your test so it makes really easy to
+507NsB0ubGM-00275-00080752-00081004 use resources and not have to care about
+507NsB0ubGM-00276-00081005-00081172 it the test case will just clean it up
+507NsB0ubGM-00277-00081173-00081574 for you and there's also some tests so
+507NsB0ubGM-00278-00081575-00081835 oh yeah and also I think the thing that
+507NsB0ubGM-00279-00081836-00082057 I showed in the example the really
+507NsB0ubGM-00280-00082058-00082360 pretty light colors there's a there's a
+507NsB0ubGM-00281-00082361-00082513 test that extracts the key and it
+507NsB0ubGM-00282-00082514-00082741 results from the kernel that the results
+507NsB0ubGM-00283-00082742-00083028 are kernel readable are human readable
+507NsB0ubGM-00284-00083029-00083488 in the D message log and there's a tool
+507NsB0ubGM-00285-00083489-00083704 that makes it really easy to like it
+507NsB0ubGM-00286-00083705-00083845 parses the mount and then displays them
+507NsB0ubGM-00287-00083846-00083911 in pretty colors
+507NsB0ubGM-00288-00083912-00084384 so that's that's what's up there today
+507NsB0ubGM-00289-00084385-00084583 there's a bunch of other things I'm
+507NsB0ubGM-00290-00084584-00084796 planning on doing but I don't get to
+507NsB0ubGM-00291-00084797-00085225 that later challenges I faced and trying
+507NsB0ubGM-00292-00085226-00085561 to do this the main challenge is
+507NsB0ubGM-00293-00085562-00085699 probably kind of obvious Linux kernel
+507NsB0ubGM-00294-00085700-00085921 wasn't written intending to be unit
+507NsB0ubGM-00295-00085922-00086287 tested actually the code was pretty good
+507NsB0ubGM-00296-00086288-00086505 for the most part I've not found
+507NsB0ubGM-00297-00086506-00086682 that many instances like I feel like
+507NsB0ubGM-00298-00086683-00086850 most of the code in the kernel actually
+507NsB0ubGM-00299-00086851-00087161 lends itself to unit testing pretty well
+507NsB0ubGM-00300-00087162-00087483 the the links like the Linux kernel code
+507NsB0ubGM-00301-00087484-00087678 actually exhibits a pretty high degree
+507NsB0ubGM-00302-00087679-00087882 of encapsulation code sharing and
+507NsB0ubGM-00303-00087883-00088116 modularity and it's pretty actually
+507NsB0ubGM-00304-00088117-00088269 object-oriented especially in a lot of
+507NsB0ubGM-00305-00088270-00088512 parts of like the driver stuff so it
+507NsB0ubGM-00306-00088513-00088770 it's it's actually pretty easy for the
+507NsB0ubGM-00307-00088771-00088977 most part to find lots of parts of the
+507NsB0ubGM-00308-00088978-00089319 kernel that are already written well for
+507NsB0ubGM-00309-00089320-00089454 the from the standpoint of making it
+507NsB0ubGM-00310-00089455-00089886 unit testable the the biggest problem is
+507NsB0ubGM-00311-00089887-00090147 that dependencies are poorly defined
+507NsB0ubGM-00312-00090148-00090456 between different code modules so if you
+507NsB0ubGM-00313-00090457-00090654 want to take a piece of code and unit
+507NsB0ubGM-00314-00090655-00090945 test it you want to you still want to be
+507NsB0ubGM-00315-00090946-00091137 able to take all the things that it
+507NsB0ubGM-00316-00091138-00091425 depends on but not include every single
+507NsB0ubGM-00317-00091426-00091740 thing else and so right now that means
+507NsB0ubGM-00318-00091741-00091956 that I have to still build the can unit
+507NsB0ubGM-00319-00091957-00092121 test into a kernel to provide all the
+507NsB0ubGM-00320-00092122-00092286 resources that an individual test
+507NsB0ubGM-00321-00092287-00092568 actually needs to run it'd be a lot
+507NsB0ubGM-00322-00092569-00092820 easier if it was a lot easier and a lot
+507NsB0ubGM-00323-00092821-00093099 nicer a lot more hermetic if we were
+507NsB0ubGM-00324-00093100-00093291 able to just take the things that we
+507NsB0ubGM-00325-00093292-00093456 need to run the tests that the test
+507NsB0ubGM-00326-00093457-00093795 actually depends on the main problem I
+507NsB0ubGM-00327-00093796-00094116 found with this is that cable represents
+507NsB0ubGM-00328-00094117-00094287 dependencies in terms of features and
+507NsB0ubGM-00329-00094288-00094458 not actual code dependencies like it's
+507NsB0ubGM-00330-00094459-00094710 hard to look at a piece of code and say
+507NsB0ubGM-00331-00094711-00094917 this piece of code defendant depends on
+507NsB0ubGM-00332-00094918-00095067 these functions which are defined in
+507NsB0ubGM-00333-00095068-00095460 these files if you look at the cable or
+507NsB0ubGM-00334-00095461-00095670 the the Associated K convict's which is
+507NsB0ubGM-00335-00095671-00095901 where the dependencies are defined you
+507NsB0ubGM-00336-00095902-00096114 see that some feature depends on some
+507NsB0ubGM-00337-00096115-00096348 feature it's not really and there's not
+507NsB0ubGM-00338-00096349-00096588 really an easy way to map those things
+507NsB0ubGM-00339-00096589-00097184 that does does that make sense yeah so
+507NsB0ubGM-00340-00097185-00097560 so as first where we fit in the test
+507NsB0ubGM-00341-00097561-00097982 paradigm this is probably pretty obvious
+507NsB0ubGM-00342-00097983-00098373 there we already have lots of examples
+507NsB0ubGM-00343-00098374-00098913 of different types of end-to-end tests
+507NsB0ubGM-00344-00098914-00099342 and I I don't want to get like too into
+507NsB0ubGM-00345-00099343-00099609 this I a lot of a lot of the traditional
+507NsB0ubGM-00346-00099610-00099772 definitions of an end-to-end
+507NsB0ubGM-00347-00099773-00100035 or of a unit test integration doesn't
+507NsB0ubGM-00348-00100036-00100290 understand tests they are based on how
+507NsB0ubGM-00349-00100291-00100674 much the code knows about the code
+507NsB0ubGM-00350-00100675-00100846 that's under test and from this
+507NsB0ubGM-00351-00100847-00101028 standpoint you could actually argue that
+507NsB0ubGM-00352-00101029-00101244 some of these testing frameworks aren't
+507NsB0ubGM-00353-00101245-00101424 don't us like aren't strictly end-to-end
+507NsB0ubGM-00354-00101425-00101665 tests I don't want to debate that too
+507NsB0ubGM-00355-00101666-00101985 much I think that based on the the
+507NsB0ubGM-00356-00101986-00102255 criteria I defined here they look a lot
+507NsB0ubGM-00357-00102256-00102477 more like end-to-end tests for the most
+507NsB0ubGM-00358-00102478-00102612 part you do have to be too kernel
+507NsB0ubGM-00359-00102613-00102990 somewhere you are mostly interacting
+507NsB0ubGM-00360-00102991-00103147 with the code through a sis call
+507NsB0ubGM-00361-00103148-00103566 interface I mean I think if we're going
+507NsB0ubGM-00362-00103567-00103758 to try to like stick it in one of these
+507NsB0ubGM-00363-00103759-00103905 three categories we'd say most of the
+507NsB0ubGM-00364-00103906-00104288 things that are there and untouched s' I
+507NsB0ubGM-00365-00104289-00104647 think that Kaena does a pretty good job
+507NsB0ubGM-00366-00104648-00104848 of fitting the definition of a unit
+507NsB0ubGM-00367-00104849-00105114 tests and even though there's definitely
+507NsB0ubGM-00368-00105115-00105336 some overlap between what cane it can do
+507NsB0ubGM-00369-00105338-00105643 what things like hey self kiss tests can
+507NsB0ubGM-00370-00105644-00105856 do and the area of integration to us I
+507NsB0ubGM-00371-00105857-00106035 don't think there's really like a clear
+507NsB0ubGM-00372-00106036-00106318 thing that currently exists for doing
+507NsB0ubGM-00373-00106319-00106483 the integration testing part so that I
+507NsB0ubGM-00374-00106483-00106641 think that's that's something that
+507NsB0ubGM-00375-00106642-00107061 probably needs further thought please
+507NsB0ubGM-00376-00107063-00107974 feel free to disagree yeah yeah I'm not
+507NsB0ubGM-00377-00107975-00108177 disagreeing but I'm just adding to it
+507NsB0ubGM-00378-00108178-00108450 okay self-test kind of will fall into
+507NsB0ubGM-00379-00108451-00108687 because of because of the way there are
+507NsB0ubGM-00380-00108688-00109069 some modules you can load and trigger
+507NsB0ubGM-00381-00109070-00109362 tests so it's a bunch of binaries and
+507NsB0ubGM-00382-00109363-00109645 shell scripts we I would classify that
+507NsB0ubGM-00383-00109646-00109996 as a combination of black box and whites
+507NsB0ubGM-00384-00109997-00110218 box right there is some unit tests in
+507NsB0ubGM-00385-00110219-00110524 there there are some end-to-end us and
+507NsB0ubGM-00386-00110525-00110826 like triggering going and exercising
+507NsB0ubGM-00387-00110827-00111087 various Cisco options for example so
+507NsB0ubGM-00388-00111088-00111468 those kind of fall into the category of
+507NsB0ubGM-00389-00111469-00111697 blackbox test that's written by
+507NsB0ubGM-00390-00111698-00111978 developers right so you kind of have to
+507NsB0ubGM-00391-00111979-00112208 do that distance so they they have that
+507NsB0ubGM-00392-00112209-00112440 they know what they are testing they
+507NsB0ubGM-00393-00112441-00112750 want to test and it in that respect it's
+507NsB0ubGM-00394-00112751-00113166 not strictly back black box because the
+507NsB0ubGM-00395-00113167-00113476 well what is test Arthur knows the cord
+507NsB0ubGM-00396-00113477-00113725 so in that respect it's not strictly
+507NsB0ubGM-00397-00113726-00114153 black box in my opinion but um black box
+507NsB0ubGM-00398-00114154-00114394 with knowledge of the internals after
+507NsB0ubGM-00399-00114395-00114591 how the how the actual core testing so
+507NsB0ubGM-00400-00114592-00114847 it falls into that category laughs right
+507NsB0ubGM-00401-00114848-00115147 so anyway just a clarification that yeah
+507NsB0ubGM-00402-00115148-00115390 yeah it falls into that yeah so we do
+507NsB0ubGM-00403-00115391-00115540 need to you're right we do need to
+507NsB0ubGM-00404-00115541-00115768 figure out with the K unit in there we
+507NsB0ubGM-00405-00115769-00116008 need to kind of figure out - to have a
+507NsB0ubGM-00406-00116008-00116304 better story how do we how we can
+507NsB0ubGM-00407-00116305-00116733 increase coverage using both yeah that's
+507NsB0ubGM-00408-00116734-00117115 a good point and so that that's like why
+507NsB0ubGM-00409-00117116-00117291 part of why I actually didn't include
+507NsB0ubGM-00410-00117292-00117516 that in my definitions of what a unit
+507NsB0ubGM-00411-00117517-00117694 tests and integration test an end-to-end
+507NsB0ubGM-00412-00117695-00117868 test was because I didn't want to get
+507NsB0ubGM-00413-00117869-00118104 hung up on like the white box black box
+507NsB0ubGM-00414-00118105-00118438 part but I think that's true so I think
+507NsB0ubGM-00415-00118439-00118672 there's definitely there's definitely
+507NsB0ubGM-00416-00118673-00118888 cases where you will you will find
+507NsB0ubGM-00417-00118889-00119083 appropriate integration testing coverage
+507NsB0ubGM-00418-00119083-00119368 provided by either Kay self test or k
+507NsB0ubGM-00419-00119369-00119656 unit I mean for example can unit can run
+507NsB0ubGM-00420-00119657-00120031 on it should be able to run on all
+507NsB0ubGM-00421-00120032-00120223 architectures I've tested it on arm and
+507NsB0ubGM-00422-00120224-00120514 x86 and of course UML so it should run
+507NsB0ubGM-00423-00120515-00120703 on all architectures which means you
+507NsB0ubGM-00424-00120704-00120901 should be able to use it for hardware
+507NsB0ubGM-00425-00120902-00121086 integration testing nevertheless
+507NsB0ubGM-00426-00121088-00121284 candidate is not currently capable of
+507NsB0ubGM-00427-00121285-00121543 doing user space integration testing and
+507NsB0ubGM-00428-00121544-00121828 so like yeah like there's there's
+507NsB0ubGM-00429-00121829-00122004 elements of integration testing in both
+507NsB0ubGM-00430-00122005-00122184 of them and I think that's partly just
+507NsB0ubGM-00431-00122185-00122340 due to the nature of integration tests
+507NsB0ubGM-00432-00122341-00122647 are kind of in between things but I
+507NsB0ubGM-00433-00122648-00122818 don't think there is a well-defined
+507NsB0ubGM-00434-00122819-00123178 story for what or if you want to be
+507NsB0ubGM-00435-00123179-00123336 doing that kind of testing like what
+507NsB0ubGM-00436-00123338-00123540 what the procedure should be so I think
+507NsB0ubGM-00437-00123541-00123658 that's probably something that needs
+507NsB0ubGM-00438-00123658-00124156 more thought we're we're planning to do
+507NsB0ubGM-00439-00124157-00124633 on the future so a new improved
+507NsB0ubGM-00440-00124633-00124908 documentation I think what I have there
+507NsB0ubGM-00441-00124909-00125197 is pretty good but it's also clear to me
+507NsB0ubGM-00442-00125198-00125377 based on some people who have used I've
+507NsB0ubGM-00443-00125378-00125626 talked to them I need more documentation
+507NsB0ubGM-00444-00125627-00126220 so I also have in the in the original I
+507NsB0ubGM-00445-00126221-00126388 think it was the first version of the
+507NsB0ubGM-00446-00126389-00126697 RFC I had some mocking and faking stuff
+507NsB0ubGM-00447-00126698-00126883 so that way you could like fake out
+507NsB0ubGM-00448-00126883-00127051 hardware or mock arbitrary like
+507NsB0ubGM-00449-00127052-00127480 functions or like driver classes I'm
+507NsB0ubGM-00450-00127481-00127642 planning on getting those out at some
+507NsB0ubGM-00451-00127643-00127867 point I've not really decided how to
+507NsB0ubGM-00452-00127868-00128104 prioritize that that's partly why I'm
+507NsB0ubGM-00453-00128105-00128329 talking to you now as I'm hoping I want
+507NsB0ubGM-00454-00128330-00128458 to I want to see what people are
+507NsB0ubGM-00455-00128458-00128629 interested in how I should prioritize
+507NsB0ubGM-00456-00128630-00129159 things I also it's pretty clear that I
+507NsB0ubGM-00457-00129160-00129405 need to work on the test result parsing
+507NsB0ubGM-00458-00129406-00129982 there are still some certain cases of D
+507NsB0ubGM-00459-00129983-00130105 message logs from the kernel that it
+507NsB0ubGM-00460-00130106-00130284 doesn't parse it's pretty
+507NsB0ubGM-00461-00130285-00130423 straightforward to fix but the main
+507NsB0ubGM-00462-00130424-00130843 thing is right now the the scripts I
+507NsB0ubGM-00463-00130844-00131074 provided assume that you're building and
+507NsB0ubGM-00464-00131075-00131605 running the colonel with UML it would it
+507NsB0ubGM-00465-00131606-00131770 should I know a lot of people out there
+507NsB0ubGM-00466-00131771-00131983 want to build and run all their tests on
+507NsB0ubGM-00467-00131984-00132232 QEMU and some people have to use them on
+507NsB0ubGM-00468-00132233-00132469 hardware for various reasons so I would
+507NsB0ubGM-00469-00132470-00132622 like to split out the parser so that way
+507NsB0ubGM-00470-00132623-00132766 you could take your own D message log
+507NsB0ubGM-00471-00132767-00133000 from wherever you get it and parse that
+507NsB0ubGM-00472-00133001-00133467 and get like nice test results for it
+507NsB0ubGM-00473-00133468-00133924 see I also we need to figure out C ICD
+507NsB0ubGM-00474-00133925-00134482 for Cana yeah I think that's mostly
+507NsB0ubGM-00475-00134483-00134803 self-explanatory things I'm planning on
+507NsB0ubGM-00476-00134804-00135025 focusing in the near term if nobody
+507NsB0ubGM-00477-00135026-00135258 gives me any additional input yes Tim
+507NsB0ubGM-00478-00135259-00135940 yeah is there any plan I thought the
+507NsB0ubGM-00479-00135941-00136288 first versions of this emitted ktab yes
+507NsB0ubGM-00480-00136289-00136677 so it didn't look like a tap what oh
+507NsB0ubGM-00481-00136678-00137377 right yeah so okay I'll move my terminal
+507NsB0ubGM-00482-00137378-00138025 over and okay this is the wrong
+507NsB0ubGM-00483-00138026-00138287 directory
+507NsB0ubGM-00484-00138288-00139458 oh yeah
+507NsB0ubGM-00485-00139459-00140296 good
+507NsB0ubGM-00486-00140297-00140497 okay so if we just around the kernel by
+507NsB0ubGM-00487-00140498-00141880 itself
+507NsB0ubGM-00488-00141881-00142156 yeah this is what it actually prints out
+507NsB0ubGM-00489-00142157-00142552 into the D message log yeah so yeah it
+507NsB0ubGM-00490-00142553-00142795 does support tap so there are some minor
+507NsB0ubGM-00491-00142796-00143043 things that aren't really tap conformant
+507NsB0ubGM-00492-00143044-00143278 well you can't see it here because if
+507NsB0ubGM-00493-00143279-00143577 all the tests pass it actually is
+507NsB0ubGM-00494-00143578-00143950 expectations our multi-line and it
+507NsB0ubGM-00495-00143951-00144202 doesn't so if you see like the directive
+507NsB0ubGM-00496-00144203-00144646 thing any anything that is a like
+507NsB0ubGM-00497-00144647-00144838 message coming from the test is supposed
+507NsB0ubGM-00498-00144839-00145270 to be prefixed with that with the pound
+507NsB0ubGM-00499-00145271-00145594 sign the subsequent lines of the
+507NsB0ubGM-00500-00145595-00146167 expectation don't have that technically
+507NsB0ubGM-00501-00146168-00146407 looking at the tap standard if I wanted
+507NsB0ubGM-00502-00146408-00146881 to put the according to the tap
+507NsB0ubGM-00503-00146882-00147214 specification the expectation results
+507NsB0ubGM-00504-00147215-00147421 should actually be added as a JSON
+507NsB0ubGM-00505-00147422-00147925 payload I'm yeah well my yeah my opinion
+507NsB0ubGM-00506-00147926-00148069 is shifted on that I think we had to
+507NsB0ubGM-00507-00148070-00148309 ignore the tap specification and okay I
+507NsB0ubGM-00508-00148310-00148492 even I don't know if you notice but I
+507NsB0ubGM-00509-00148493-00148744 called it K tap because I think we
+507NsB0ubGM-00510-00148745-00149011 should just come up with a output format
+507NsB0ubGM-00511-00149012-00149281 that works for us and and do whatever is
+507NsB0ubGM-00512-00149282-00149518 handy for our own CI systems okay well
+507NsB0ubGM-00513-00149519-00149674 well then we need to decide how to
+507NsB0ubGM-00514-00149675-00149839 represent something like right right but
+507NsB0ubGM-00515-00149840-00149974 we need to have those discussions
+507NsB0ubGM-00516-00149975-00150148 yeah because otherwise I need to add a
+507NsB0ubGM-00517-00150149-00150340 JSON serialize for the Linux girl yeah
+507NsB0ubGM-00518-00150341-00151333 yeah so Tim buddy saying we wanted to
+507NsB0ubGM-00519-00151334-00151537 rip out all the tap stuff that you made
+507NsB0ubGM-00520-00151538-00153031 me add to KL dust okay yeah yeah so it
+507NsB0ubGM-00521-00153032-00153328 sorry yeah yeah I have a couple of
+507NsB0ubGM-00522-00153329-00153565 feature requests actually so we might
+507NsB0ubGM-00523-00153566-00153970 make use of K unit for dynamic tools
+507NsB0ubGM-00524-00153971-00154402 like kam San for that we probably need
+507NsB0ubGM-00525-00154403-00154690 to somehow capture the damask output
+507NsB0ubGM-00526-00154691-00154966 because the tools are printing error
+507NsB0ubGM-00527-00154967-00155101 reports and we
+507NsB0ubGM-00528-00155102-00155620 once for example to check that the they
+507NsB0ubGM-00529-00155621-00155891 are printing good to good reports it's
+507NsB0ubGM-00530-00155892-00156220 everything is contended that we detect
+507NsB0ubGM-00531-00156221-00156568 the errors etc so this would be handy
+507NsB0ubGM-00532-00156569-00156835 and the other thing
+507NsB0ubGM-00533-00156836-00157069 duska unit support anything like death
+507NsB0ubGM-00534-00157070-00157525 tests in G test so that that's that's a
+507NsB0ubGM-00535-00157526-00157791 feature I have on the way it's not fully
+507NsB0ubGM-00536-00157792-00158173 implemented but it's able to handle seg
+507NsB0ubGM-00537-00158174-00158686 faults but I would I it looks like it
+507NsB0ubGM-00538-00158687-00158887 should be extensible under UML to also
+507NsB0ubGM-00539-00158888-00159088 handle panics which is probably the more
+507NsB0ubGM-00540-00159089-00159445 interesting use case trying to do that
+507NsB0ubGM-00541-00159446-00159628 on arbitrary architectures would be
+507NsB0ubGM-00542-00159629-00160266 harder but anyway so so yes sort of it's
+507NsB0ubGM-00543-00160267-00160447 it's not it's not currently in there but
+507NsB0ubGM-00544-00160448-00160540 it's something I'm going to be working
+507NsB0ubGM-00545-00160541-00160936 on I see okay and sometimes our tests
+507NsB0ubGM-00546-00160937-00161104 then to corrupt the memory for example
+507NsB0ubGM-00547-00161105-00161524 which is why we're testing it but it
+507NsB0ubGM-00548-00161525-00161866 could be nice to somehow fall back to
+507NsB0ubGM-00549-00161867-00162472 the to the good state yeah so this is
+507NsB0ubGM-00550-00162473-00162646 kind of gets back into what I was saying
+507NsB0ubGM-00551-00162647-00163120 about like K builds and K config it
+507NsB0ubGM-00552-00163121-00163294 would be nice to just include the things
+507NsB0ubGM-00553-00163295-00163438 that you need which I don't know maybe
+507NsB0ubGM-00554-00163439-00163606 from your perspective it that may not be
+507NsB0ubGM-00555-00163607-00164008 true but if you can run if you depend on
+507NsB0ubGM-00556-00164009-00164395 left code less non test code then that
+507NsB0ubGM-00557-00164396-00164578 means it's a more hermetic test because
+507NsB0ubGM-00558-00164579-00164803 there's fewer things that can go wrong I
+507NsB0ubGM-00559-00164804-00164926 mean you could I guess you could argue
+507NsB0ubGM-00560-00164927-00165301 that with those other things that if
+507NsB0ubGM-00561-00165302-00165418 they're not actually being used in the
+507NsB0ubGM-00562-00165419-00165727 test and they don't matter but in any
+507NsB0ubGM-00563-00165728-00166000 case for the short term I'm planning on
+507NsB0ubGM-00564-00166001-00166264 adding a feature to the script that that
+507NsB0ubGM-00565-00166265-00166662 test running script that allows you to
+507NsB0ubGM-00566-00166663-00166933 boot the same kernel containing multiple
+507NsB0ubGM-00567-00166934-00167371 tests multiple times and each time run a
+507NsB0ubGM-00568-00167372-00167557 different selection of tests which
+507NsB0ubGM-00569-00167558-00167818 should create a higher degree from
+507NsB0ubGM-00570-00167819-00168127 hermiticity so at least one failing test
+507NsB0ubGM-00571-00168128-00168286 suite should not affect another failing
+507NsB0ubGM-00572-00168287-00168453 test suite
+507NsB0ubGM-00573-00168454-00168687 does that does that sound kind of what
+507NsB0ubGM-00574-00168688-00168819 you want yeah probably
+507NsB0ubGM-00575-00168820-00169143 okay cool thanks yeah
+507NsB0ubGM-00576-00169144-00170124 anyone else yes so many of these
+507NsB0ubGM-00577-00170125-00170352 features and issues are already solved
+507NsB0ubGM-00578-00170353-00170541 another unit test frameworks so why not
+507NsB0ubGM-00579-00170542-00170865 work on it tap ting an existing SI unit
+507NsB0ubGM-00580-00170866-00171123 test framework instead of okay unit yeah
+507NsB0ubGM-00581-00171124-00171351 I thought about that that was we all
+507NsB0ubGM-00582-00171352-00171480 think the problems were solving are
+507NsB0ubGM-00583-00171481-00171756 unique but they rarely are yeah no the
+507NsB0ubGM-00584-00171757-00172053 problems really aren't that unique so
+507NsB0ubGM-00585-00172054-00172320 the main reason is so I looked at
+507NsB0ubGM-00586-00172321-00172533 something like I looked at some of the
+507NsB0ubGM-00587-00172534-00172686 other the testing frameworks that are
+507NsB0ubGM-00588-00172687-00173007 out there and the rather large and are
+507NsB0ubGM-00589-00173008-00173205 rather unconcerned with the kinds of
+507NsB0ubGM-00590-00173206-00173325 things that the Linux kernel is doing
+507NsB0ubGM-00591-00173326-00173511 now from the standpoint of just testing
+507NsB0ubGM-00592-00173512-00173892 arbitrary code but like kernel standards
+507NsB0ubGM-00593-00173893-00174261 and such I felt that if so one of the
+507NsB0ubGM-00594-00174262-00174446 things I thought was really important is
+507NsB0ubGM-00595-00174447-00174735 making all the test should be written in
+507NsB0ubGM-00596-00174736-00174906 kernel seeing that compiles against the
+507NsB0ubGM-00597-00174907-00175116 kernel and the test should be in a
+507NsB0ubGM-00598-00175117-00175422 visible location like I I think that
+507NsB0ubGM-00599-00175423-00175557 this house should live alongside of the
+507NsB0ubGM-00600-00175558-00175863 code that they do test and I imagine it
+507NsB0ubGM-00601-00175864-00176079 would I figured it would be a lot more
+507NsB0ubGM-00602-00176080-00176433 difficult to try to just convince people
+507NsB0ubGM-00603-00176434-00176652 to start following like conventions from
+507NsB0ubGM-00604-00176653-00176829 another testing framework rather than
+507NsB0ubGM-00605-00176830-00176982 have something that the Linux kernel
+507NsB0ubGM-00606-00176983-00177408 community can have um put on for example
+507NsB0ubGM-00607-00177409-00177723 a lot of other unit testing frameworks
+507NsB0ubGM-00608-00177724-00177897 assume that they have their own like
+507NsB0ubGM-00609-00177898-00178233 they get to define like expect EQ and
+507NsB0ubGM-00610-00178234-00178362 things like that and they you know they
+507NsB0ubGM-00611-00178363-00178512 assume that like everyone's just going
+507NsB0ubGM-00612-00178513-00178650 to respect the fact that they get to run
+507NsB0ubGM-00613-00178651-00178950 in the global namespace and that was
+507NsB0ubGM-00614-00178951-00179088 pretty much the first thing that
+507NsB0ubGM-00615-00179089-00179319 everyone's like no everything needs to
+507NsB0ubGM-00616-00179320-00179613 be like properly namespace so it it just
+507NsB0ubGM-00617-00179614-00179733 seemed as though it would be a lot
+507NsB0ubGM-00618-00179734-00180183 easier to engineer around the problem of
+507NsB0ubGM-00619-00180184-00180459 getting people to buy into changing
+507NsB0ubGM-00620-00180460-00180645 conventions and stuff does that answer
+507NsB0ubGM-00621-00180646-00180891 your question yeah I think so just seems
+507NsB0ubGM-00622-00180892-00180981 like there should be some kind of
+507NsB0ubGM-00623-00180982-00181221 partnership or reuse with someone who
+507NsB0ubGM-00624-00181222-00181359 solved some of these problems already
+507NsB0ubGM-00625-00181360-00181518 even if it's not just adapt their whole
+507NsB0ubGM-00626-00181519-00181612 framework
+507NsB0ubGM-00627-00181613-00182371 yeah yeah that seemed a lot harder so
+507NsB0ubGM-00628-00182372-00182696 but I mean if you want to do it I won't
+507NsB0ubGM-00629-00182697-00183565 be accepting pull requests yeah yeah so
+507NsB0ubGM-00630-00183566-00183908 yeah so in the near term things I'm
+507NsB0ubGM-00631-00183909-00184091 planning I'm working on hopefully
+507NsB0ubGM-00632-00184092-00184264 getting more people to write tests
+507NsB0ubGM-00633-00184265-00184504 improving documentation as I mentioned
+507NsB0ubGM-00634-00184505-00184727 making the things that are already there
+507NsB0ubGM-00635-00184728-00184979 easier to use a couple of people have
+507NsB0ubGM-00636-00184980-00185168 pointed out things about like the potage
+507NsB0ubGM-00637-00185169-00185626 script that I have that are not perfect
+507NsB0ubGM-00638-00185627-00185837 adding tests getting people to write
+507NsB0ubGM-00639-00185838-00186122 more tests and I'm thinking for in terms
+507NsB0ubGM-00640-00186123-00186401 of large features too maybe big areas
+507NsB0ubGM-00641-00186402-00186608 are working on this mattress API which
+507NsB0ubGM-00642-00186609-00186944 is basically something that's there like
+507NsB0ubGM-00643-00186945-00187112 these composable matchers they has
+507NsB0ubGM-00644-00187113-00187402 anyone used what is it called
+507NsB0ubGM-00645-00187403-00187757 expect that it's it's I think it's now
+507NsB0ubGM-00646-00187758-00187982 in J unit but it was originally part of
+507NsB0ubGM-00647-00187983-00188048 something else
+507NsB0ubGM-00648-00188049-00188273 does anyone familiar with that okay
+507NsB0ubGM-00649-00188274-00188378 whatever
+507NsB0ubGM-00650-00188379-00188528 the the main thing was originally
+507NsB0ubGM-00651-00188529-00188729 written for was per parameter matching
+507NsB0ubGM-00652-00188730-00189107 for if you have like a mock stub and you
+507NsB0ubGM-00653-00189108-00189251 would like to set an expectation of how
+507NsB0ubGM-00654-00189252-00189413 the mock stub is used you can use these
+507NsB0ubGM-00655-00189414-00189674 like matchers in place of parameters to
+507NsB0ubGM-00656-00189675-00189914 make assertions about how the parameters
+507NsB0ubGM-00657-00189915-00190253 are passed into this function after
+507NsB0ubGM-00658-00190254-00190403 looking at a test that was written
+507NsB0ubGM-00659-00190404-00190640 recently it seems as though it might
+507NsB0ubGM-00660-00190641-00190805 make sense to have it as a standalone
+507NsB0ubGM-00661-00190806-00190985 thing and not be strictly used just for
+507NsB0ubGM-00662-00190986-00191312 parameter matching so maybe that may be
+507NsB0ubGM-00663-00191313-00191870 just mocking but I really I mean it's
+507NsB0ubGM-00664-00191871-00192050 it's what people think is most
+507NsB0ubGM-00665-00192051-00192602 interesting yeah I still have a thing a
+507NsB0ubGM-00666-00192603-00192848 decent amount of time another wait at 15
+507NsB0ubGM-00667-00192849-00193157 minutes okay so I had some input on the
+507NsB0ubGM-00668-00193158-00193367 cabled independencia thingy yeah at
+507NsB0ubGM-00669-00193368-00193595 least in the DRM subsystem we are moving
+507NsB0ubGM-00670-00193596-00193799 more and more to helper libraries okay
+507NsB0ubGM-00671-00193800-00193973 and these helper libraries we we
+507NsB0ubGM-00672-00193974-00194168 expressed them with a hidden key context
+507NsB0ubGM-00673-00194169-00194333 option basically and everything which
+507NsB0ubGM-00674-00194334-00194513 needs that Kay coughing option selects
+507NsB0ubGM-00675-00194514-00194861 it instead of depends on yeah and I
+507NsB0ubGM-00676-00194862-00194969 think that if you were to
+507NsB0ubGM-00677-00194970-00195146 for more stuff which you want to units
+507NsB0ubGM-00678-00195147-00195344 test so if all the base things were sort
+507NsB0ubGM-00679-00195345-00195557 of becoming libraries at a config level
+507NsB0ubGM-00680-00195558-00195731 which you would select when you need it
+507NsB0ubGM-00681-00195732-00195971 yeah then you you are more expressing
+507NsB0ubGM-00682-00195972-00196169 what you want basically I mean in
+507NsB0ubGM-00683-00196170-00196339 general this solves a lot of things like
+507NsB0ubGM-00684-00196340-00196513 dependency cycles and stuff so this
+507NsB0ubGM-00685-00196514-00196721 would be something work which would be
+507NsB0ubGM-00686-00196722-00196903 more not only beneficial for a unit
+507NsB0ubGM-00687-00196904-00197164 testing but also ok that that sounds
+507NsB0ubGM-00688-00197165-00197328 interesting
+507NsB0ubGM-00689-00197329-00197539 yeah what's your name
+507NsB0ubGM-00690-00197540-00197957 home student house well yes could we
+507NsB0ubGM-00691-00197958-00198139 maybe talk afterwards that sounds
+507NsB0ubGM-00692-00198140-00199000 interesting I mean yeah sure yeah that
+507NsB0ubGM-00693-00199001-00199187 flows in I was going to point out that
+507NsB0ubGM-00694-00199188-00199499 config option dependencies that on your
+507NsB0ubGM-00695-00199500-00199726 next slide next steps if you can go to
+507NsB0ubGM-00696-00199727-00200111 the next next one yeah on that I would
+507NsB0ubGM-00697-00200112-00200593 add reporting and then config report
+507NsB0ubGM-00698-00200594-00200969 report reporting test results like like
+507NsB0ubGM-00699-00200970-00201395 CI CD right yeah and then also also the
+507NsB0ubGM-00700-00201396-00201712 config dependencies and then so that's
+507NsB0ubGM-00701-00201713-00201925 probably where we'll be spending a lot
+507NsB0ubGM-00702-00201926-00202097 of time based on my experience with Doc
+507NsB0ubGM-00703-00202098-00202382 a self test getting it to be usable in
+507NsB0ubGM-00704-00202383-00202663 CI environment I don't know that if this
+507NsB0ubGM-00705-00202664-00202832 will be used but something to keep
+507NsB0ubGM-00706-00202833-00203215 thinking about we might need a a unified
+507NsB0ubGM-00707-00203216-00203716 approach distros want to run some some
+507NsB0ubGM-00708-00203717-00203900 of the tests they're asking coming and
+507NsB0ubGM-00709-00203901-00204241 saying which tests should be run in for
+507NsB0ubGM-00710-00204242-00204463 district coalification so we might have
+507NsB0ubGM-00711-00204464-00204773 to approach this as a unified thing to
+507NsB0ubGM-00712-00204774-00205054 to come up with a you know so we're not
+507NsB0ubGM-00713-00205055-00205301 they we don't have like multiple
+507NsB0ubGM-00714-00205302-00205612 different ways for which each so
+507NsB0ubGM-00715-00205613-00206078 something that yeah I I think that okay
+507NsB0ubGM-00716-00206079-00206269 they like doing something along the
+507NsB0ubGM-00717-00206271-00206511 lines of case self-test fragments it's
+507NsB0ubGM-00718-00206512-00206964 unfortunately it seems like some of the
+507NsB0ubGM-00719-00206965-00207514 yeah yeah sure sure yeah okay okay sure
+507NsB0ubGM-00720-00207515-00207862 yep yeah this might be related do you
+507NsB0ubGM-00721-00207863-00208094 have a way like say I want to write a
+507NsB0ubGM-00722-00208094-00208246 test I don't
+507NsB0ubGM-00723-00208248-00208448 test it with beginning and little Indian
+507NsB0ubGM-00724-00208448-00208888 or young I assume at the moment you just
+507NsB0ubGM-00725-00208889-00209234 build one config so you can you're free
+507NsB0ubGM-00726-00209235-00209423 to build the test with different configs
+507NsB0ubGM-00727-00209423-00209654 that's sort of external yeah that's
+507NsB0ubGM-00728-00209655-00209789 external that's something you have to do
+507NsB0ubGM-00729-00209790-00209959 it would be cool if you could sort of
+507NsB0ubGM-00730-00209960-00210173 have that next to the test like yeah
+507NsB0ubGM-00731-00210173-00210425 yeah there's some other things like that
+507NsB0ubGM-00732-00210426-00210677 like super hot yeah yeah there's some
+507NsB0ubGM-00733-00210678-00210803 other things like that like it would
+507NsB0ubGM-00734-00210804-00210976 also be really nice if you could specify
+507NsB0ubGM-00735-00210977-00211583 a so so I for like I the original use
+507NsB0ubGM-00736-00211584-00211766 case was for this was for driver testing
+507NsB0ubGM-00737-00211767-00211909 because I used to primarily work on on
+507NsB0ubGM-00738-00211910-00212441 drivers and it would be really nice to
+507NsB0ubGM-00739-00212442-00212692 be able to specify like when you're when
+507NsB0ubGM-00740-00212694-00212813 you're prepping a driver you want to
+507NsB0ubGM-00741-00212814-00212981 probe a driver in a particular way if
+507NsB0ubGM-00742-00212982-00213257 you could just specify a set like you
+507NsB0ubGM-00743-00213258-00213401 know write the basically a device tree
+507NsB0ubGM-00744-00213402-00213578 fragment and say I would like to probe
+507NsB0ubGM-00745-00213579-00213725 with this device tree fragment it'd be
+507NsB0ubGM-00746-00213726-00213887 nice if you could do that in a test I
+507NsB0ubGM-00747-00213888-00214119 think that's a similar kind of thing
+507NsB0ubGM-00748-00214121-00214541 yeah I mean it's kind of test Davos yeah
+507NsB0ubGM-00749-00214542-00214846 yeah so but because of the way it's done
+507NsB0ubGM-00750-00214848-00214988 it you have to actually do it at Build
+507NsB0ubGM-00751-00214989-00215240 time like Rayo the config stuff yeah
+507NsB0ubGM-00752-00215241-00215434 which is difficult because you need to
+507NsB0ubGM-00753-00215435-00215659 know about the test which happens after
+507NsB0ubGM-00754-00215660-00215846 config time and then use that to
+507NsB0ubGM-00755-00215846-00216038 configure things so yeah that's yeah
+507NsB0ubGM-00756-00216039-00216298 that's you it's even harder yeah I mean
+507NsB0ubGM-00757-00216300-00216448 you could you could sort of have the
+507NsB0ubGM-00758-00216450-00216742 configs the test cares about somehow and
+507NsB0ubGM-00759-00216744-00217016 suck them out and build multiple kernels
+507NsB0ubGM-00760-00217017-00217280 with those toggled mmm and come up with
+507NsB0ubGM-00761-00217281-00217559 a like doo-doo-doo like multiple passes
+507NsB0ubGM-00762-00217560-00218162 on the bill yeah yeah yeah extension
+507NsB0ubGM-00763-00218163-00218750 program yeah I was gonna add that one of
+507NsB0ubGM-00764-00218751-00219092 the things that we did with XFS tests
+507NsB0ubGM-00765-00219092-00219464 was we would actually after we were done
+507NsB0ubGM-00766-00219465-00219689 running the test suite create a test
+507NsB0ubGM-00767-00219690-00219806 artifact
+507NsB0ubGM-00768-00219807-00220157 tar.gz that would have the k config all
+507NsB0ubGM-00769-00220158-00220435 of the test artifacts you know including
+507NsB0ubGM-00770-00220436-00220759 d message output so that after you could
+507NsB0ubGM-00771-00220760-00220982 review the pass/fail thing which might
+507NsB0ubGM-00772-00220983-00221209 be running you know somewhere far away
+507NsB0ubGM-00773-00221210-00221485 from your development system you could
+507NsB0ubGM-00774-00221486-00221594 fetch that
+507NsB0ubGM-00775-00221596-00221838 artifact and do the in-depth debugging
+507NsB0ubGM-00776-00221839-00222296 and I suspect that having something like
+507NsB0ubGM-00777-00222298-00222648 that which was standardized across all
+507NsB0ubGM-00778-00222648-00222888 the various test infrastructures yeah
+507NsB0ubGM-00779-00222889-00223196 might be kind of handy and that sort of
+507NsB0ubGM-00780-00223198-00223356 related to that is one of my dreams
+507NsB0ubGM-00781-00223357-00223563 which is at the moment we kind of
+507NsB0ubGM-00782-00223564-00223857 assumed the CICU the CI tool actually
+507NsB0ubGM-00783-00223858-00224173 handles collecting all the test results
+507NsB0ubGM-00784-00224175-00224498 and listing them all and the problem
+507NsB0ubGM-00785-00224500-00224660 with that is that assumes that all the
+507NsB0ubGM-00786-00224661-00225008 tests are running inside the one true CI
+507NsB0ubGM-00787-00225009-00225369 system and if you have lots of people
+507NsB0ubGM-00788-00225369-00225564 running your test Suites in their own
+507NsB0ubGM-00789-00225565-00225798 system some sort of way of collecting
+507NsB0ubGM-00790-00225798-00226194 that all and maybe even from desperate
+507NsB0ubGM-00791-00226194-00226452 test systems and then being able to
+507NsB0ubGM-00792-00226453-00226808 collect it in some standard format might
+507NsB0ubGM-00793-00226809-00227057 be really useful right I mean I actually
+507NsB0ubGM-00794-00227058-00227331 have my stuff going out in j-unit XML
+507NsB0ubGM-00795-00227332-00227550 format so in theory that could get
+507NsB0ubGM-00796-00227551-00227805 consumed by some central system with a
+507NsB0ubGM-00797-00227806-00227967 back pointer to where you could actually
+507NsB0ubGM-00798-00227967-00228291 download the test artifact if you
+507NsB0ubGM-00799-00228292-00228596 actually cared and you know I think
+507NsB0ubGM-00800-00228598-00228773 that's maybe one of those interesting
+507NsB0ubGM-00801-00228775-00228963 things that's not a que unit specific
+507NsB0ubGM-00802-00228964-00229215 thing but just how do we integrate all
+507NsB0ubGM-00803-00229216-00229503 of our various testing systems in some
+507NsB0ubGM-00804-00229504-00229791 bigger you know way of detecting flakes
+507NsB0ubGM-00805-00229792-00230088 and test failures and whatnot yeah I
+507NsB0ubGM-00806-00230089-00230394 think Tim Mosley comments so I I think
+507NsB0ubGM-00807-00230394-00230646 we actually talked about this the other
+507NsB0ubGM-00808-00230646-00231173 night were you at the CI BA it was like
+507NsB0ubGM-00809-00231175-00231398 we talked about kernel CI in KCI so I
+507NsB0ubGM-00810-00231400-00231582 think I think we talked about this there
+507NsB0ubGM-00811-00231583-00231944 and I think we all agree that that that
+507NsB0ubGM-00812-00231946-00232148 would be a nice thing to do but I think
+507NsB0ubGM-00813-00232150-00232389 the the TLDR is that's also really hard
+507NsB0ubGM-00814-00232390-00232869 yeah where work has begun work has begun
+507NsB0ubGM-00815-00232869-00233007 on that in fact I have a presentation
+507NsB0ubGM-00816-00233008-00233226 I'm giving it the CK a 1/2 X tomorrow
+507NsB0ubGM-00817-00233227-00233592 about consolidation of test definitions
+507NsB0ubGM-00818-00233592-00233904 and I have a couple of slides because
+507NsB0ubGM-00819-00233905-00234276 I'm that's I have things ahead of it but
+507NsB0ubGM-00820-00234277-00234559 a couple of slides on results formats
+507NsB0ubGM-00821-00234560-00234675 Stan
+507NsB0ubGM-00822-00234676-00235121 and and in other presentations I've
+507NsB0ubGM-00823-00235123-00235431 given at other events also the notion of
+507NsB0ubGM-00824-00235432-00235713 packaging results and we had a
+507NsB0ubGM-00825-00235714-00235884 discussion yesterday in the bath about a
+507NsB0ubGM-00826-00235885-00236079 centralized location for storing
+507NsB0ubGM-00827-00236080-00236331 artifacts so stuff is happening but it's
+507NsB0ubGM-00828-00236332-00236601 happening relatively slowly but
+507NsB0ubGM-00829-00236602-00237056 hopefully we'll make some progress
+507NsB0ubGM-00830-00237057-00237363 frankly I've moved on to my tester now
+507NsB0ubGM-00831-00237364-00237537 end-to-end tests now that I see your
+507NsB0ubGM-00832-00237538-00237959 definitions more to the point we talked
+507NsB0ubGM-00833-00237960-00238301 many months ago about dependency on the
+507NsB0ubGM-00834-00238302-00238551 scripts that you have to run the test
+507NsB0ubGM-00835-00238552-00238869 and when I run on real hardware supposed
+507NsB0ubGM-00836-00238869-00239334 to UML my real hardware is scripted in
+507NsB0ubGM-00837-00239335-00239601 my systems each different piece of
+507NsB0ubGM-00838-00239602-00239787 hardware has different boot methods
+507NsB0ubGM-00839-00239788-00240114 loading kernels etc so it's important to
+507NsB0ubGM-00840-00240115-00240525 keep the booting a system running the
+507NsB0ubGM-00841-00240526-00240906 tests separate from or pull able to pull
+507NsB0ubGM-00842-00240907-00241164 it out from your your generic script so
+507NsB0ubGM-00843-00241165-00241460 your script includes creating the system
+507NsB0ubGM-00844-00241461-00241638 booting the system getting the result
+507NsB0ubGM-00845-00241639-00241796 analyzing yourself it'd be real nice if
+507NsB0ubGM-00846-00241798-00242031 the analyzing the result is also
+507NsB0ubGM-00847-00242032-00242307 available in a stand alone form yep so
+507NsB0ubGM-00848-00242308-00242505 when I in my infrastructure I'll have a
+507NsB0ubGM-00849-00242506-00242734 log which I can run through that same
+507NsB0ubGM-00850-00242735-00243123 nice formatting out system yeah that's
+507NsB0ubGM-00851-00243123-00243392 that's one of my to dues yarn also
+507NsB0ubGM-00852-00243394-00243702 wanted something similar because yeah
+507NsB0ubGM-00853-00243703-00243981 it's this is this doesn't really work if
+507NsB0ubGM-00854-00243982-00244259 you need to run in QEMU or unreal
+507NsB0ubGM-00855-00244260-00244548 hardware so it's it's definitely nice to
+507NsB0ubGM-00856-00244548-00244784 do that's what I meant by splitting out
+507NsB0ubGM-00857-00244785-00245217 the parser thing yeah something anything
+507NsB0ubGM-00858-00245217-00245880 else other questions yes my pitch again
+507NsB0ubGM-00859-00245881-00246231 on industry standards but if the comment
+507NsB0ubGM-00860-00246232-00246465 about some of the common results and
+507NsB0ubGM-00861-00246466-00246642 like the j-unit xml is kind of
+507NsB0ubGM-00862-00246642-00246923 interesting because if if you know the
+507NsB0ubGM-00863-00246925-00247140 parser is an option to spew it out in
+507NsB0ubGM-00864-00247141-00247385 some format that other frameworks are
+507NsB0ubGM-00865-00247386-00247566 commonly using in totally different
+507NsB0ubGM-00866-00247567-00247689 communities and we could take advantage
+507NsB0ubGM-00867-00247690-00247755 of
+507NsB0ubGM-00868-00247756-00247962 our tools for generating analysis and
+507NsB0ubGM-00869-00247963-00248184 whatever other types of things other
+507NsB0ubGM-00870-00248185-00248403 people are doing - because it seems like
+507NsB0ubGM-00871-00248404-00248577 the people in this community should be
+507NsB0ubGM-00872-00248578-00248841 focused on solving the problems here not
+507NsB0ubGM-00873-00248842-00249057 repeating the prompts that everyone else
+507NsB0ubGM-00874-00249058-00249392 has ever solved yeah that's probably
+507NsB0ubGM-00875-00249394-00250146 true okay any last questions we're just
+507NsB0ubGM-00876-00250146-00250281 about out of time but we I think we have
+507NsB0ubGM-00877-00250282-00250775 time for one last question
+507NsB0ubGM-00878-00250776-00251090 right okay let's thank
+507NsB0ubGM-00879-00251091-00251584 [Applause]
+51WBcsWHUek-00000-00000691-00001029 welcome to today's HTML coding lesson
+51WBcsWHUek-00001-00001030-00001203 we've started a number of lessons
+51WBcsWHUek-00002-00001204-00001427 focusing on
+51WBcsWHUek-00003-00001428-00001685 HTML we've had four lessons in which
+51WBcsWHUek-00004-00001686-00001871 we've done this so we should have some
+51WBcsWHUek-00005-00001872-00002067 understanding of the basics of HTML
+51WBcsWHUek-00006-00002068-00002335 we've written all our HTML code in
+51WBcsWHUek-00007-00002336-00002612 notepad as you can see herb opened up
+51WBcsWHUek-00008-00002613-00002867 notepad this is what I'm going to use to
+51WBcsWHUek-00009-00002868-00003194 write in my code just going to Center it
+51WBcsWHUek-00010-00003195-00003503 nicely in the middle of this page we
+51WBcsWHUek-00011-00003504-00003622 know that we're gonna add in those
+51WBcsWHUek-00012-00003623-00003920 bigger than and smaller than signs to
+51WBcsWHUek-00013-00003921-00004394 write it in HTML that little bit of code
+51WBcsWHUek-00014-00004395-00004645 is speaking to our browser it's telling
+51WBcsWHUek-00015-00004646-00004795 our browser that we're dealing with
+51WBcsWHUek-00016-00004796-00005170 hypertext markup language known as HTML
+51WBcsWHUek-00017-00005171-00005363 we're showing the boundaries where the
+51WBcsWHUek-00018-00005364-00005761 HTML is found with these HTML tags but
+51WBcsWHUek-00019-00005762-00006002 that's not all got to do our ending tag
+51WBcsWHUek-00020-00006003-00006425 forward slash HTML and we close it off
+51WBcsWHUek-00021-00006426-00006818 with a ending tag like that okay let's
+51WBcsWHUek-00022-00006819-00007070 select that and we have the forward
+51WBcsWHUek-00023-00007070-00007325 slash they're showing the ending of the
+51WBcsWHUek-00024-00007326-00007706 HTML tags but this is the beginning and
+51WBcsWHUek-00025-00007706-00007841 ending and that's where we're gonna hold
+51WBcsWHUek-00026-00007842-00008173 all of our hypertext markup language
+51WBcsWHUek-00027-00008173-00008478 code it's going to be between these two
+51WBcsWHUek-00028-00008479-00008860 markers the HTML beginner marker and now
+51WBcsWHUek-00029-00008861-00009110 we're writing in the header just close
+51WBcsWHUek-00030-00009111-00009467 that off we're gonna this writes the
+51WBcsWHUek-00031-00009468-00009920 ending of the header /h e ad e our
+51WBcsWHUek-00032-00009921-00010231 header and close that off as well we
+51WBcsWHUek-00033-00010232-00010606 have added a header within the HTML tags
+51WBcsWHUek-00034-00010607-00010877 so the head is contained within the HTML
+51WBcsWHUek-00035-00010878-00011188 and now we're gonna put a body we're
+51WBcsWHUek-00036-00011189-00011558 gonna end it off with a /b ody body and
+51WBcsWHUek-00037-00011559-00011819 we have the body and a head and now
+51WBcsWHUek-00038-00011820-00012119 within the HTML so they are contained
+51WBcsWHUek-00039-00012120-00012559 within the HTML coding you can see that
+51WBcsWHUek-00040-00012560-00012869 as I've showed you now and now I'm gonna
+51WBcsWHUek-00041-00012869-00013121 type in I showed you how to do come in
+51WBcsWHUek-00042-00013122-00013238 so I'm going to show you how to do that
+51WBcsWHUek-00043-00013238-00013444 again just follow me I've got that
+51WBcsWHUek-00044-00013446-00013736 exclamation and two dashes and whatever
+51WBcsWHUek-00045-00013737-00014041 we type in now will be understood to be
+51WBcsWHUek-00046-00014041-00014372 comments and not code so why will we
+51WBcsWHUek-00047-00014372-00014630 write comments they are descriptions of
+51WBcsWHUek-00048-00014631-00014791 what we are trying to do so
+51WBcsWHUek-00049-00014793-00014975 you understand exactly what's going on
+51WBcsWHUek-00050-00014976-00015158 because sometimes it gets very
+51WBcsWHUek-00051-00015159-00015355 complicated and you just don't know
+51WBcsWHUek-00052-00015356-00015622 where and what's being done I'm just
+51WBcsWHUek-00053-00015623-00015769 gonna write that this is an HTML
+51WBcsWHUek-00054-00015770-00016133 structure and close off my comments like
+51WBcsWHUek-00055-00016134-00016525 that two dashes and that tag at the end
+51WBcsWHUek-00056-00016526-00016753 so this will not be understood to be
+51WBcsWHUek-00057-00016754-00017024 code it's very important to be clear on
+51WBcsWHUek-00058-00017025-00017314 what you are trying to do when you do
+51WBcsWHUek-00059-00017315-00017608 any form of coding why do people comment
+51WBcsWHUek-00060-00017609-00017816 in their code very often people work in
+51WBcsWHUek-00061-00017817-00018074 teams it's important to communicate to
+51WBcsWHUek-00062-00018075-00018302 your team member what you have done
+51WBcsWHUek-00063-00018303-00018550 let's just highlight the comment area to
+51WBcsWHUek-00064-00018551-00018794 see it more clearly there you go that's
+51WBcsWHUek-00065-00018795-00019117 the comment area this is HTML structure
+51WBcsWHUek-00066-00019118-00019372 I was explaining what comments are
+51WBcsWHUek-00067-00019373-00019675 useful I'd like to just return to that I
+51WBcsWHUek-00068-00019676-00019981 use comments in a sort of self-talk a
+51WBcsWHUek-00069-00019982-00020278 way to speak to myself to understand the
+51WBcsWHUek-00070-00020279-00020522 logic of my code so it's important to
+51WBcsWHUek-00071-00020523-00020722 clarify the logic of what you're trying
+51WBcsWHUek-00072-00020723-00020942 to do our code needs to be set out
+51WBcsWHUek-00073-00020943-00021208 properly so that it works properly you
+51WBcsWHUek-00074-00021209-00021364 have to try find the mistakes in the
+51WBcsWHUek-00075-00021365-00021709 code because at the end of it all it has
+51WBcsWHUek-00076-00021710-00022003 to be a working system and so laying out
+51WBcsWHUek-00077-00022004-00022237 your code properly as well as these
+51WBcsWHUek-00078-00022238-00022478 comments helps you in that regard if you
+51WBcsWHUek-00079-00022479-00022711 lay it out properly it makes more sense
+51WBcsWHUek-00080-00022712-00022984 it's more logical we work much better in
+51WBcsWHUek-00081-00022985-00023293 a ordered system and so therefore you
+51WBcsWHUek-00082-00023294-00023525 need to be very organized the way you
+51WBcsWHUek-00083-00023526-00023761 lay out your code is extremely important
+51WBcsWHUek-00084-00023762-00024040 it makes it more understandable to you
+51WBcsWHUek-00085-00024041-00024253 or the other programmers that you're
+51WBcsWHUek-00086-00024254-00024547 working with in a team in the last few
+51WBcsWHUek-00087-00024548-00024799 lessons I showed you the title tag this
+51WBcsWHUek-00088-00024800-00024971 was placed in the header so I'd like to
+51WBcsWHUek-00089-00024972-00025222 show you that again it's gonna fit in in
+51WBcsWHUek-00090-00025223-00025450 the header so we're going to just
+51WBcsWHUek-00091-00025451-00025667 highlight the header let's do that we
+51WBcsWHUek-00092-00025668-00025870 highlight the header and we know that
+51WBcsWHUek-00093-00025872-00026162 our title will go within the header so
+51WBcsWHUek-00094-00026163-00026332 think very carefully where that would be
+51WBcsWHUek-00095-00026333-00026576 week it's going to be within those two
+51WBcsWHUek-00096-00026577-00026968 tags I'm going to type in title oops
+51WBcsWHUek-00097-00026969-00027320 . their title and the closing of the
+51WBcsWHUek-00098-00027320-00027629 title with a forward slash title there
+51WBcsWHUek-00099-00027630-00027689 we go
+51WBcsWHUek-00100-00027689-00027881 we know that this title will form a tab
+51WBcsWHUek-00101-00027882-00028139 on our web page I'll show you that in a
+51WBcsWHUek-00102-00028139-00028187 minute
+51WBcsWHUek-00103-00028188-00028414 I'm just gonna type in my mathematics as
+51WBcsWHUek-00104-00028416-00028658 a title which doesn't really make that
+51WBcsWHUek-00105-00028658-00028955 much sense but after saving it I'll show
+51WBcsWHUek-00106-00028956-00029314 you the tab so we go to file save as and
+51WBcsWHUek-00107-00029316-00029783 I save it as a file name with our HTML
+51WBcsWHUek-00108-00029783-00030293 extension dot HTML at the end so we've
+51WBcsWHUek-00109-00030294-00030560 got that as the extension to indicate
+51WBcsWHUek-00110-00030561-00030788 that we talking about hypertext markup
+51WBcsWHUek-00111-00030789-00031037 language the browser on our computer
+51WBcsWHUek-00112-00031038-00031250 will pick it up the browse on our
+51WBcsWHUek-00113-00031251-00031439 computer will read it as HTML
+51WBcsWHUek-00114-00031439-00031763 whether it be Safari edged Chrome or
+51WBcsWHUek-00115-00031764-00031982 anything like that and we go and press
+51WBcsWHUek-00116-00031983-00032245 save now we back at our HTML so let's
+51WBcsWHUek-00117-00032247-00032417 have a good look at this we're gonna add
+51WBcsWHUek-00118-00032418-00032675 in a lot more interesting features I'm
+51WBcsWHUek-00119-00032676-00032909 just gonna open this in Chrome if you
+51WBcsWHUek-00120-00032910-00033071 look over there I'm pointing at my
+51WBcsWHUek-00121-00033072-00033323 mathematics that's the title and if I
+51WBcsWHUek-00122-00033324-00033593 right click and go down to view page
+51WBcsWHUek-00123-00033594-00033884 source you can see here's our source
+51WBcsWHUek-00124-00033885-00034202 code and you can see our HTML tags and
+51WBcsWHUek-00125-00034203-00034607 my mathematics the title is shown very
+51WBcsWHUek-00126-00034608-00034859 clearly over there my mathematics will
+51WBcsWHUek-00127-00034860-00035078 be the tab that's shown in our web page
+51WBcsWHUek-00128-00035079-00035411 there you go within the title there you
+51WBcsWHUek-00129-00035412-00035750 see it again my mathematics and there is
+51WBcsWHUek-00130-00035751-00036143 our HTML in our notepad once more so
+51WBcsWHUek-00131-00036144-00036296 we've returned to the place where you
+51WBcsWHUek-00132-00036297-00036632 write our code notepad the text editor
+51WBcsWHUek-00133-00036633-00036899 and from here we can add more code I've
+51WBcsWHUek-00134-00036900-00037193 added a body section in as you can see
+51WBcsWHUek-00135-00037194-00037508 over here the body section contains all
+51WBcsWHUek-00136-00037509-00037919 the HTML code for the HTML document we
+51WBcsWHUek-00137-00037920-00038168 are going to add a header to our code so
+51WBcsWHUek-00138-00038169-00038333 we're gonna do that in this open section
+51WBcsWHUek-00139-00038334-00038648 I'm just gonna press the tab button on
+51WBcsWHUek-00140-00038649-00038879 my keyboard so I'm gonna press tab and
+51WBcsWHUek-00141-00038880-00039326 that moves the cursor there h1 and we
+51WBcsWHUek-00142-00039327-00039527 know we're gonna give it a name a unique
+51WBcsWHUek-00143-00039528-00039986 name and ID I D equals and we'll give it
+51WBcsWHUek-00144-00039987-00040217 a name in so we're gonna go speech marks
+51WBcsWHUek-00145-00040218-00040553 and that's the ID the unique name of
+51WBcsWHUek-00146-00040554-00040856 this part of our body section it's
+51WBcsWHUek-00147-00040857-00041338 called a header and we'll call it my
+51WBcsWHUek-00148-00041339-00041719 some my son my son will be the name of
+51WBcsWHUek-00149-00041720-00042175 the header h1 we can now refer to it in
+51WBcsWHUek-00150-00042176-00042433 our code whenever we call my son
+51WBcsWHUek-00151-00042434-00042736 whenever we call my son we will be
+51WBcsWHUek-00152-00042737-00042988 knowing that we are referring to H 1
+51WBcsWHUek-00153-00042989-00043207 which is the header in our HTML document
+51WBcsWHUek-00154-00043208-00043606 we have given h1 a name called my son
+51WBcsWHUek-00155-00043607-00043951 whenever we refer to the header h1 we
+51WBcsWHUek-00156-00043952-00044173 all know that we can refer to it as my
+51WBcsWHUek-00157-00044174-00044461 son I'm going to type some text in my
+51WBcsWHUek-00158-00044462-00045232 son but to test to test click on button
+51WBcsWHUek-00159-00045233-00045595 to test that's good let's just select
+51WBcsWHUek-00160-00045596-00045940 that click on button to test and now we
+51WBcsWHUek-00161-00045941-00046249 need to add in our ending tag so we're
+51WBcsWHUek-00162-00046250-00046441 gonna do that we should all know how
+51WBcsWHUek-00163-00046442-00046515 that looks
+51WBcsWHUek-00164-00046516-00046873 this writing click on button to test is
+51WBcsWHUek-00165-00046874-00047131 urging us to click on a button that
+51WBcsWHUek-00166-00047132-00047332 we're gonna make in a minute so we close
+51WBcsWHUek-00167-00047333-00047698 it off with h1 that's the ending tag of
+51WBcsWHUek-00168-00047699-00048004 our header once again using a forward
+51WBcsWHUek-00169-00048005-00048352 slash in the header ending these tags
+51WBcsWHUek-00170-00048353-00048583 like the forward slash are distinct
+51WBcsWHUek-00171-00048584-00048853 features of HTML what I mean is they
+51WBcsWHUek-00172-00048854-00049120 characterize the language the type of
+51WBcsWHUek-00173-00049121-00049357 code that we are writing what we are
+51WBcsWHUek-00174-00049358-00049546 writing is going to be read by a browser
+51WBcsWHUek-00175-00049547-00049786 what we are writing here is going to be
+51WBcsWHUek-00176-00049787-00049993 read by a browser we're going to put a
+51WBcsWHUek-00177-00049994-00050239 line break to separate the header which
+51WBcsWHUek-00178-00050240-00050539 we call my sum from the button so we're
+51WBcsWHUek-00179-00050540-00050908 putting BR forward slash click on button
+51WBcsWHUek-00180-00050909-00051160 click on button will be on one line and
+51WBcsWHUek-00181-00051161-00051441 then we'll ever actual button on the
+51WBcsWHUek-00182-00051442-00051859 next line the BR over there BR a forward
+51WBcsWHUek-00183-00051860-00052075 slash will separate them when chrome
+51WBcsWHUek-00184-00052076-00052336 moves through the lines of our code it
+51WBcsWHUek-00185-00052337-00052507 will know that when it gets to the break
+51WBcsWHUek-00186-00052508-00052732 code that it needs to go to another line
+51WBcsWHUek-00187-00052733-00053091 let's move on to the button bu TT o n
+51WBcsWHUek-00188-00053092-00053419 button and we're gonna go on click so
+51WBcsWHUek-00189-00053420-00053691 we're talking in about an event when we
+51WBcsWHUek-00190-00053692-00053869 click on the button something has to
+51WBcsWHUek-00191-00053870-00054151 happen so we going on click we declaring
+51WBcsWHUek-00192-00054152-00054441 that we want something to happen when we
+51WBcsWHUek-00193-00054442-00054717 click on the button on click equal
+51WBcsWHUek-00194-00054719-00055092 we gonna write a functions name in here
+51WBcsWHUek-00195-00055094-00055411 we'll do a multiplication app so we'll
+51WBcsWHUek-00196-00055412-00055891 write x rackets oops I nearly made the
+51WBcsWHUek-00197-00055891-00056098 same mistake as I did in the last lesson
+51WBcsWHUek-00198-00056099-00056529 our function must always be within the
+51WBcsWHUek-00199-00056530-00056782 quotation marks within those speech
+51WBcsWHUek-00200-00056783-00057028 marks we must have multiplier with the
+51WBcsWHUek-00201-00057029-00057274 round brackets within our speech marks
+51WBcsWHUek-00202-00057275-00057469 I'm just gonna make the font bigger so
+51WBcsWHUek-00203-00057470-00057832 we go to format font choose the font
+51WBcsWHUek-00204-00057833-00058195 size and everything's far more seeable
+51WBcsWHUek-00205-00058196-00058390 that makes it far easier to see
+51WBcsWHUek-00206-00058391-00058591 especially for those sitting at the back
+51WBcsWHUek-00207-00058591-00058830 we have an unclick events being
+51WBcsWHUek-00208-00058832-00059053 triggered calling a function called
+51WBcsWHUek-00209-00059054-00059280 multiplier the functions name is
+51WBcsWHUek-00210-00059282-00059539 multiply round brackets and the
+51WBcsWHUek-00211-00059540-00059875 functions name are in quotes the proper
+51WBcsWHUek-00212-00059876-00060105 way of writing our code it's important
+51WBcsWHUek-00213-00060107-00060433 to strictly adhere to the conventions of
+51WBcsWHUek-00214-00060434-00060814 the language structure and so and so we
+51WBcsWHUek-00215-00060815-00060973 find the function within the double
+51WBcsWHUek-00216-00060974-00061282 quotes let's add some writing to the
+51WBcsWHUek-00217-00061283-00061687 button we'll do that now and this will
+51WBcsWHUek-00218-00061688-00061978 go on the right hand side of that quotes
+51WBcsWHUek-00219-00061979-00062191 over there so we're just going to write
+51WBcsWHUek-00220-00062191-00062749 check chec K check and we'll bring in
+51WBcsWHUek-00221-00062750-00062974 the ending tag with a forward slash
+51WBcsWHUek-00222-00062975-00063352 button and close it off like that that
+51WBcsWHUek-00223-00063353-00063559 tag shows the ending of the button
+51WBcsWHUek-00224-00063560-00063838 control but remember the button is our
+51WBcsWHUek-00225-00063839-00064084 control let's just recap what we have
+51WBcsWHUek-00226-00064085-00064426 here we have defined a button we have
+51WBcsWHUek-00227-00064427-00064812 defined a button with an unclick event
+51WBcsWHUek-00228-00064813-00065260 which calls multiplied so the on click
+51WBcsWHUek-00229-00065261-00065551 event cause multiply what is multiplied
+51WBcsWHUek-00230-00065552-00065878 a function and what is going to be
+51WBcsWHUek-00231-00065879-00066136 written in the button the word check now
+51WBcsWHUek-00232-00066137-00066331 don't try get too caught up trying to
+51WBcsWHUek-00233-00066332-00066595 understand all of these things when
+51WBcsWHUek-00234-00066596-00066760 everything comes together at the end
+51WBcsWHUek-00235-00066761-00066976 it'll make a great deal of sense a lot
+51WBcsWHUek-00236-00066977-00067159 of understanding comes through
+51WBcsWHUek-00237-00067160-00067422 interacting and constructing and
+51WBcsWHUek-00238-00067423-00067627 reflecting afterwards on what you've
+51WBcsWHUek-00239-00067628-00067819 done so you'll have to study this and
+51WBcsWHUek-00240-00067820-00068044 I'm just writing in check
+51WBcsWHUek-00241-00068045-00068224 answer trying to be a little bit more
+51WBcsWHUek-00242-00068225-00068509 descriptive check answer says a lot more
+51WBcsWHUek-00243-00068510-00068779 than just the word check the use of your
+51WBcsWHUek-00244-00068780-00069012 program must clearly just know what to
+51WBcsWHUek-00245-00069013-00069262 do and therefore it's very important to
+51WBcsWHUek-00246-00069263-00069493 be able to be descriptive so they
+51WBcsWHUek-00247-00069494-00069742 understand what to do so you're always
+51WBcsWHUek-00248-00069743-00070000 thinking about how user-friendly your
+51WBcsWHUek-00249-00070001-00070330 program is that function multiplier is
+51WBcsWHUek-00250-00070331-00070567 gonna do all the working out for us it's
+51WBcsWHUek-00251-00070568-00070812 going to work out the answer of two
+51WBcsWHUek-00252-00070813-00071149 numbers being multiplied and we have
+51WBcsWHUek-00253-00071150-00071446 those round brackets interesting hearts
+51WBcsWHUek-00254-00071447-00071734 found within the button triggered by the
+51WBcsWHUek-00255-00071735-00071968 on click event I'm talking about the
+51WBcsWHUek-00256-00071969-00072286 function that we named multiply I'm
+51WBcsWHUek-00257-00072287-00072478 saying these things over and over again
+51WBcsWHUek-00258-00072479-00072772 as it's all part of our learning getting
+51WBcsWHUek-00259-00072773-00072981 to understand how this all work I'm
+51WBcsWHUek-00260-00072982-00073243 going to make the font a bit smaller so
+51WBcsWHUek-00261-00073244-00073603 we can see it a bit better that's taken
+51WBcsWHUek-00262-00073604-00073693 a down a bit
+51WBcsWHUek-00263-00073694-00073926 and we still selecting the function
+51WBcsWHUek-00264-00073927-00074293 multiply now functions are part of the
+51WBcsWHUek-00265-00074294-00074593 script so we're going to write when we
+51WBcsWHUek-00266-00074594-00074863 call a function multiplied we're calling
+51WBcsWHUek-00267-00074864-00075088 something that is found in the script
+51WBcsWHUek-00268-00075089-00075361 part of the HTML so we're gonna write
+51WBcsWHUek-00269-00075362-00075442 your script
+51WBcsWHUek-00270-00075443-00076087 s CR i PT script and regains of our
+51WBcsWHUek-00271-00076088-00076506 ending avoid slash SC or i PT our
+51WBcsWHUek-00272-00076507-00076800 function will be in the scripting pot
+51WBcsWHUek-00273-00076801-00077122 that we've just shown here just tabbing
+51WBcsWHUek-00274-00077123-00077386 it out so everything fits in nicely this
+51WBcsWHUek-00275-00077387-00077526 is where we're going to write our
+51WBcsWHUek-00276-00077527-00077728 function what was the name of our
+51WBcsWHUek-00277-00077729-00077962 function I'm not gonna give you the
+51WBcsWHUek-00278-00077963-00078190 answer to that and we're gonna declare
+51WBcsWHUek-00279-00078191-00078438 our variables we're gonna declare the
+51WBcsWHUek-00280-00078439-00078742 variables between the script tags that
+51WBcsWHUek-00281-00078743-00078904 will be the two numbers that are
+51WBcsWHUek-00282-00078905-00079288 multiplied the answer and our score
+51WBcsWHUek-00283-00079289-00079488 these will be numbers that the computer
+51WBcsWHUek-00284-00079489-00079711 comes up with and the grade force to
+51WBcsWHUek-00285-00079712-00079879 grade sevens have become familiar with
+51WBcsWHUek-00286-00079880-00080116 the random feature used in purple mesh
+51WBcsWHUek-00287-00080117-00080365 here we're going to use JavaScript to do
+51WBcsWHUek-00288-00080366-00080635 the same thing so we declare our
+51WBcsWHUek-00289-00080636-00081424 variable var space and for a number
+51WBcsWHUek-00290-00081425-00081748 a small end showing that we working with
+51WBcsWHUek-00291-00081749-00082123 a number first number the first number
+51WBcsWHUek-00292-00082124-00082348 in the multiplication sentence first
+51WBcsWHUek-00293-00082349-00082732 number semicolon that is how we declare
+51WBcsWHUek-00294-00082733-00083098 our variable in first number first
+51WBcsWHUek-00295-00083099-00083302 number needs to be multiplied by a
+51WBcsWHUek-00296-00083303-00083637 second numbers our second variable VAR
+51WBcsWHUek-00297-00083638-00084022 space in for a small number second
+51WBcsWHUek-00298-00084023-00084595 number and semicolon now in first number
+51WBcsWHUek-00299-00084596-00084823 and second number multiplied with each
+51WBcsWHUek-00300-00084824-00085108 other we need to find an answer so we
+51WBcsWHUek-00301-00085109-00085626 need an answer variables a VAR n answer
+51WBcsWHUek-00302-00085627-00086076 and that will be I'll just call a in s
+51WBcsWHUek-00303-00086077-00086371 semicolon we need to have an indication
+51WBcsWHUek-00304-00086372-00086599 of our score so we're going to declare a
+51WBcsWHUek-00305-00086600-00086887 variable called score we could have
+51WBcsWHUek-00306-00086888-00087160 called this variable points once again
+51WBcsWHUek-00307-00087161-00087397 ending with a semicolon so we have
+51WBcsWHUek-00308-00087398-00087691 declared a number of variables within
+51WBcsWHUek-00309-00087692-00088045 the script the variables are declared
+51WBcsWHUek-00310-00088046-00088264 within the script I'm going to show you
+51WBcsWHUek-00311-00088265-00088453 how to write comments in the script
+51WBcsWHUek-00312-00088454-00088821 section double forward slash these are
+51WBcsWHUek-00313-00088822-00089239 variables so that is a comment in the
+51WBcsWHUek-00314-00089240-00089506 script part of our once again I must say
+51WBcsWHUek-00315-00089507-00089807 comments will not be read as code
+51WBcsWHUek-00316-00089808-00090067 another line of comments and a whole lot
+51WBcsWHUek-00317-00090068-00090370 of equal signs and we got two lines of
+51WBcsWHUek-00318-00090371-00090598 comments I'm just going to select that
+51WBcsWHUek-00319-00090599-00090892 for you so you can see that this section
+51WBcsWHUek-00320-00090893-00091246 is not going to be read as code it's
+51WBcsWHUek-00321-00091247-00091455 written there to help you understand
+51WBcsWHUek-00322-00091456-00091782 what you are doing you do not want to
+51WBcsWHUek-00323-00091783-00092014 get lost and confused while doing this
+51WBcsWHUek-00324-00092015-00092235 and again I stress the point of
+51WBcsWHUek-00325-00092236-00092692 structure order and logic the structure
+51WBcsWHUek-00326-00092693-00092866 and layout of your code is going to help
+51WBcsWHUek-00327-00092867-00093205 you to make sense of it it's quite good
+51WBcsWHUek-00328-00093206-00093535 to follow the layout and example shown
+51WBcsWHUek-00329-00093536-00093727 by those who are quite good at coding
+51WBcsWHUek-00330-00093728-00094036 I've declared the variable school to be
+51WBcsWHUek-00331-00094037-00094447 0 which is the beginning of our test we
+51WBcsWHUek-00332-00094448-00094698 start off with a score of 0
+51WBcsWHUek-00333-00094699-00094963 now let's do a little bit of calculating
+51WBcsWHUek-00334-00094964-00095320 so we're gonna use our first number just
+51WBcsWHUek-00335-00095321-00095820 type in first number first number is
+51WBcsWHUek-00336-00095821-00096301 equal to and we're gonna go we working
+51WBcsWHUek-00337-00096302-00096604 with maths of gonna go maths floor which
+51WBcsWHUek-00338-00096605-00096838 is a function within JavaScript which is
+51WBcsWHUek-00339-00096839-00097107 all about making an integer of a number
+51WBcsWHUek-00340-00097108-00097585 then we add our rounds to it so get a
+51WBcsWHUek-00341-00097586-00097855 two round brackets like that and a
+51WBcsWHUek-00342-00097856-00098269 semicolon we're going to add a random
+51WBcsWHUek-00343-00098270-00098518 function within these round brackets so
+51WBcsWHUek-00344-00098519-00098791 maths floor will have a random function
+51WBcsWHUek-00345-00098792-00098914 called within it
+51WBcsWHUek-00346-00098915-00099316 math dot random and we know we missed
+51WBcsWHUek-00347-00099317-00099547 the end a function with rounds as well
+51WBcsWHUek-00348-00099548-00099799 so we've calling the random function
+51WBcsWHUek-00349-00099800-00099946 which is going to find a random number
+51WBcsWHUek-00350-00099947-00100186 and then we're making it into an integer
+51WBcsWHUek-00351-00100187-00100477 through floor the function called floor
+51WBcsWHUek-00352-00100478-00100729 those in grade six and seven should be
+51WBcsWHUek-00353-00100730-00101047 quite familiar with thee we have a bit
+51WBcsWHUek-00354-00101048-00101407 of complications in getting our number
+51WBcsWHUek-00355-00101408-00101668 our first number we multiply our random
+51WBcsWHUek-00356-00101669-00102114 number by 12 so it's star twelve and
+51WBcsWHUek-00357-00102115-00102547 twelve being the upper bound number that
+51WBcsWHUek-00358-00102548-00102766 we want to multiply with so we have 12
+51WBcsWHUek-00359-00102767-00103141 because we doing times table one to
+51WBcsWHUek-00360-00103142-00103375 twelve so we're gonna have twelve is the
+51WBcsWHUek-00361-00103376-00103690 top number then we have twelve take away
+51WBcsWHUek-00362-00103691-00103903 three and the reason why I'm taking away
+51WBcsWHUek-00363-00103904-00104173 3 is because that is the lower bound
+51WBcsWHUek-00364-00104174-00104329 we're gonna be working with numbers from
+51WBcsWHUek-00365-00104330-00104602 3 to 12 it's not going to be asking us
+51WBcsWHUek-00366-00104603-00104773 the one times table and the two times
+51WBcsWHUek-00367-00104774-00105217 table and then we say plus three it all
+51WBcsWHUek-00368-00105218-00105502 seems so overwhelming doesn't it so
+51WBcsWHUek-00369-00105503-00105841 we're multiplying our random number by
+51WBcsWHUek-00370-00105842-00106042 the upper bound number which is twelve
+51WBcsWHUek-00371-00106043-00106311 and we'd say taking it away from the
+51WBcsWHUek-00372-00106313-00106608 lower bound number the three and then we
+51WBcsWHUek-00373-00106609-00107017 adding the lower bound number and that
+51WBcsWHUek-00374-00107018-00107314 will bring us first number and this all
+51WBcsWHUek-00375-00107315-00107482 of this complication of year that I've
+51WBcsWHUek-00376-00107483-00107796 highlighted will bring us first number
+51WBcsWHUek-00377-00107797-00108054 now when we do the
+51WBcsWHUek-00378-00108055-00108228 second number we could just copy the
+51WBcsWHUek-00379-00108229-00108547 code so we'll go and here we're gonna go
+51WBcsWHUek-00380-00108548-00108810 do the same thing with our second number
+51WBcsWHUek-00381-00108811-00109033 so I'm gonna just select this code I'm
+51WBcsWHUek-00382-00109033-00109657 going to copy it right click copy copy
+51WBcsWHUek-00383-00109658-00109906 and we'll just paste it over here and
+51WBcsWHUek-00384-00109907-00110190 we're gonna just change the name of the
+51WBcsWHUek-00385-00110191-00110508 variable first number will be changed to
+51WBcsWHUek-00386-00110509-00110766 second um so I'm gonna select copy there
+51WBcsWHUek-00387-00110767-00111027 better code and I'll just replace that
+51WBcsWHUek-00388-00111028-00111472 variable name with second number so now
+51WBcsWHUek-00389-00111473-00111723 we have the exact we're choosing we have
+51WBcsWHUek-00390-00111724-00111931 the same code that's finding a first
+51WBcsWHUek-00391-00111932-00112273 number and a second number between 3 and
+51WBcsWHUek-00392-00112274-00112594 12 and we're going to just put in some
+51WBcsWHUek-00393-00112595-00113319 more comments /the two numbers in the
+51WBcsWHUek-00394-00113320-00113799 sum just to practice our commenting to
+51WBcsWHUek-00395-00113800-00114060 keep an understanding of what's going on
+51WBcsWHUek-00396-00114061-00114418 in our code and then I'm gonna just put
+51WBcsWHUek-00397-00114419-00114723 those small little dashes to show a
+51WBcsWHUek-00398-00114724-00115021 heading we have two numbers that are
+51WBcsWHUek-00399-00115022-00115297 generated by the computer first number
+51WBcsWHUek-00400-00115298-00115557 and second number these two variables
+51WBcsWHUek-00401-00115558-00115848 first number and second number will be
+51WBcsWHUek-00402-00115849-00116208 used to generate our answer so we need
+51WBcsWHUek-00403-00116209-00116478 to bring in the answer bit so I'm going
+51WBcsWHUek-00404-00116479-00116691 to just break over here to bring in a
+51WBcsWHUek-00405-00116692-00117082 lime and tab we want to lay everything
+51WBcsWHUek-00406-00117083-00117411 we want our code to be neat and that
+51WBcsWHUek-00407-00117412-00117748 puts answer directly under the previous
+51WBcsWHUek-00408-00117749-00118294 two lines answer equals and we know that
+51WBcsWHUek-00409-00118295-00118507 our answer will be derived by the first
+51WBcsWHUek-00410-00118508-00118815 number multiplied by the second number
+51WBcsWHUek-00411-00118816-00119272 so we're gonna add in the answer equals
+51WBcsWHUek-00412-00119273-00119598 first number that one over there
+51WBcsWHUek-00413-00119599-00119908 multiplied and I'm just gonna copy that
+51WBcsWHUek-00414-00119908-00120198 I'm gonna just bring it in over here
+51WBcsWHUek-00415-00120199-00120537 star for multiplication and we're gonna
+51WBcsWHUek-00416-00120538-00121001 take this variables name copy it and
+51WBcsWHUek-00417-00121002-00121393 place it after that star so what how we
+51WBcsWHUek-00418-00121394-00121432 would
+51WBcsWHUek-00419-00121433-00121700 this is answer equals first number
+51WBcsWHUek-00420-00121701-00121993 multiplied by the second number and we
+51WBcsWHUek-00421-00121994-00122379 end off without semicolon I would like
+51WBcsWHUek-00422-00122380-00122557 the statement of whether I got it right
+51WBcsWHUek-00423-00122558-00122818 or wrong to be shown in the heading
+51WBcsWHUek-00424-00122819-00123157 section which we called my son and that
+51WBcsWHUek-00425-00123158-00123459 I'd like to show you so the writing
+51WBcsWHUek-00426-00123460-00123682 that's shown in my son in this heading
+51WBcsWHUek-00427-00123683-00123943 over here that I'm selecting will change
+51WBcsWHUek-00428-00123944-00124338 every time we do a sum to see whether we
+51WBcsWHUek-00429-00124339-00124551 are right or wrong the word wording
+51WBcsWHUek-00430-00124552-00124839 click on button to test will change it
+51WBcsWHUek-00431-00124840-00125001 will have something else written in
+51WBcsWHUek-00432-00125002-00125248 there so that would be substituted with
+51WBcsWHUek-00433-00125249-00125449 something different it might be well
+51WBcsWHUek-00434-00125450-00125722 done you got it right or that was wrong
+51WBcsWHUek-00435-00125723-00126036 and also give us the score we've still
+51WBcsWHUek-00436-00126038-00126331 got to add in the submitted answer that
+51WBcsWHUek-00437-00126332-00126598 is the input of the user who's doing the
+51WBcsWHUek-00438-00126599-00126874 test so this is indicating we're going
+51WBcsWHUek-00439-00126875-00127174 to need add another variable we're going
+51WBcsWHUek-00440-00127175-00127450 to need to add a variable that will show
+51WBcsWHUek-00441-00127451-00127713 the input of the user so let's call it
+51WBcsWHUek-00442-00127714-00128350 in my answer and semicolon and we also
+51WBcsWHUek-00443-00128351-00128661 need to add the variable declaration VAR
+51WBcsWHUek-00444-00128663-00129100 b 4 semicolon to end it off we're going
+51WBcsWHUek-00445-00129101-00129406 to just add a variable by our answer my
+51WBcsWHUek-00446-00129407-00129639 answer my spelling is terrible
+51WBcsWHUek-00447-00129640-00129993 i'll keep on typing badly my answer a
+51WBcsWHUek-00448-00129994-00130251 variable that is holding the users on
+51WBcsWHUek-00449-00130252-00130653 and this prompt is showing you what the
+51WBcsWHUek-00450-00130654-00130921 user will provide as an answer thee I'm
+51WBcsWHUek-00451-00130922-00131173 gonna write what is and then add a
+51WBcsWHUek-00452-00131174-00131451 number sentence to that for example what
+51WBcsWHUek-00453-00131452-00131893 is 2 times 6 what is 4 times 3 and
+51WBcsWHUek-00454-00131894-00132027 that's what it's going to ask in the
+51WBcsWHUek-00455-00132028-00132235 prompt all the numbers used will be
+51WBcsWHUek-00456-00132236-00132540 generated by the computer random numbers
+51WBcsWHUek-00457-00132541-00132844 as I've already shown I will have to use
+51WBcsWHUek-00458-00132845-00133077 the variable first number as well as
+51WBcsWHUek-00459-00133078-00133408 second number with an equal sign so
+51WBcsWHUek-00460-00133409-00133750 first number just copy that put it in
+51WBcsWHUek-00461-00133751-00134035 here first number so we've got the
+51WBcsWHUek-00462-00134036-00134262 statement and then we're adding on first
+51WBcsWHUek-00463-00134263-00134461 number the variable to the statement
+51WBcsWHUek-00464-00134462-00134695 what is and then we're going to bring in
+51WBcsWHUek-00465-00134696-00134836 the time
+51WBcsWHUek-00466-00134837-00135127 sign with a space between it the times
+51WBcsWHUek-00467-00135128-00135307 in the middle and the space and we're
+51WBcsWHUek-00468-00135308-00135465 putting these plus signs to indicate
+51WBcsWHUek-00469-00135466-00135964 that we are joining the what is to the
+51WBcsWHUek-00470-00135965-00136198 number sentence and I'm going to bring
+51WBcsWHUek-00471-00136199-00136411 in second number so we paste that over
+51WBcsWHUek-00472-00136412-00136567 there and then obviously we're going to
+51WBcsWHUek-00473-00136568-00136858 put a plus a plus to indicate that we
+51WBcsWHUek-00474-00136859-00137265 adding on a equal sign so we've got plus
+51WBcsWHUek-00475-00137266-00137614 and speech marks base for the question
+51WBcsWHUek-00476-00137615-00137857 lock speech marks and those would be in
+51WBcsWHUek-00477-00137858-00138100 the round brackets of our prompt the
+51WBcsWHUek-00478-00138101-00138331 prompt is going to provide a little
+51WBcsWHUek-00479-00138332-00138604 input box that the user would use to
+51WBcsWHUek-00480-00138605-00138736 input their answer
+51WBcsWHUek-00481-00138737-00138904 so they'll type in their answer and
+51WBcsWHUek-00482-00138905-00139210 that'll feed into this system what is
+51WBcsWHUek-00483-00139211-00139399 and the number sentence will just help
+51WBcsWHUek-00484-00139400-00139657 the user to know what to type in and the
+51WBcsWHUek-00485-00139658-00139903 to number variables first number and
+51WBcsWHUek-00486-00139904-00140140 second number will be numbers in the
+51WBcsWHUek-00487-00140141-00140482 range of three to twelve I'm just going
+51WBcsWHUek-00488-00140483-00140704 to set the size of the font here so that
+51WBcsWHUek-00489-00140705-00141025 more can be seen and it's just scroll to
+51WBcsWHUek-00490-00141026-00141187 the side you can see that a little bit
+51WBcsWHUek-00491-00141188-00141508 clearer let's just see if we can get the
+51WBcsWHUek-00492-00141509-00141766 whole script section or the script
+51WBcsWHUek-00493-00141767-00142123 element in our window let's just scroll
+51WBcsWHUek-00494-00142124-00142351 there and there you can see the end the
+51WBcsWHUek-00495-00142352-00142573 /was script is showing that that's the
+51WBcsWHUek-00496-00142574-00142801 end of that element and the beginning
+51WBcsWHUek-00497-00142802-00143059 part is right up top there where it says
+51WBcsWHUek-00498-00143060-00143365 the these are variables I'm just going
+51WBcsWHUek-00499-00143366-00143536 to recap everything that we have here
+51WBcsWHUek-00500-00143537-00143764 just so that it's very clear in our
+51WBcsWHUek-00501-00143765-00143950 minds very often when one does
+51WBcsWHUek-00502-00143951-00144199 programming one reiterates goes over
+51WBcsWHUek-00503-00144200-00144643 things to create some sort of logic to
+51WBcsWHUek-00504-00144644-00144928 understand the system and also to be
+51WBcsWHUek-00505-00144929-00145273 able to learn that's how you upgrade
+51WBcsWHUek-00506-00145274-00145629 your programming skills and become far
+51WBcsWHUek-00507-00145630-00145900 more creative first number second number
+51WBcsWHUek-00508-00145901-00146185 score and answer ending that with a
+51WBcsWHUek-00509-00146186-00146446 semicolon those variables are just
+51WBcsWHUek-00510-00146447-00146635 storing little bits of information for
+51WBcsWHUek-00511-00146636-00146854 us we've got these variables are going
+51WBcsWHUek-00512-00146855-00147001 to help us so now we're gonna build our
+51WBcsWHUek-00513-00147002-00147271 function so so we're going to need to
+51WBcsWHUek-00514-00147272-00147693 write function if you in c tion function
+51WBcsWHUek-00515-00147694-00147907 then we're going to write the name of
+51WBcsWHUek-00516-00147908-00148168 our function which we remember was on
+51WBcsWHUek-00517-00148169-00148210 the on
+51WBcsWHUek-00518-00148211-00148477 click event called multiply so we're
+51WBcsWHUek-00519-00148478-00148762 gonna write multiply and we're gonna put
+51WBcsWHUek-00520-00148763-00149101 in our round records and then we're
+51WBcsWHUek-00521-00149102-00149416 gonna place in our curly brackets these
+51WBcsWHUek-00522-00149417-00149788 curly braces are just part of defining a
+51WBcsWHUek-00523-00149789-00150019 function so you'd have a curly brackets
+51WBcsWHUek-00524-00150020-00150253 there and we'll also have an ending so
+51WBcsWHUek-00525-00150254-00150478 this is called a function our name of
+51WBcsWHUek-00526-00150479-00150654 our function is called multiplier and
+51WBcsWHUek-00527-00150655-00151066 there's our first curly brace I'm going
+51WBcsWHUek-00528-00151067-00151249 to need to move their brace to the next
+51WBcsWHUek-00529-00151250-00151482 line so I'm going to put it over there
+51WBcsWHUek-00530-00151483-00152035 and I'm going to end my ending brace at
+51WBcsWHUek-00531-00152036-00152290 the bottom over here so if we select
+51WBcsWHUek-00532-00152291-00152569 that spot we got the whole function
+51WBcsWHUek-00533-00152570-00152785 fitting into V and this is the inner
+51WBcsWHUek-00534-00152786-00152977 part because it's between the two braces
+51WBcsWHUek-00535-00152978-00153283 the two Curly's then we have one or two
+51WBcsWHUek-00536-00153284-00153544 conditions arising either the user got
+51WBcsWHUek-00537-00153545-00153826 the answer right or wrong so we're going
+51WBcsWHUek-00538-00153827-00154057 to need to use an if statement if the
+51WBcsWHUek-00539-00154058-00154297 user gets the answer right our program
+51WBcsWHUek-00540-00154298-00154507 will need to do something for example
+51WBcsWHUek-00541-00154508-00154783 add a point on the other hand if he gets
+51WBcsWHUek-00542-00154784-00155068 it wrong we might need to take away a
+51WBcsWHUek-00543-00155069-00155115 point
+51WBcsWHUek-00544-00155116-00155320 so our program needs to react
+51WBcsWHUek-00545-00155321-00155521 appropriately we're gonna need to see
+51WBcsWHUek-00546-00155522-00155806 whether the user's answer is the same as
+51WBcsWHUek-00547-00155807-00156204 the actual answer we will know that if
+51WBcsWHUek-00548-00156205-00156441 the answer is right we'll do something
+51WBcsWHUek-00549-00156442-00156703 or else we will make the assumption that
+51WBcsWHUek-00550-00156704-00156919 the user got it wrong so we're going to
+51WBcsWHUek-00551-00156920-00157312 use this if-else statement and we're
+51WBcsWHUek-00552-00157313-00157479 gonna write this function below the
+51WBcsWHUek-00553-00157480-00157699 variables the declaration of all these
+51WBcsWHUek-00554-00157700-00157924 variables we're going to put it off
+51WBcsWHUek-00555-00157925-00158158 after that so we're going to just move
+51WBcsWHUek-00556-00158159-00158437 down a little bit and it's just bringing
+51WBcsWHUek-00557-00158438-00158740 a bit of space there if and we know
+51WBcsWHUek-00558-00158741-00159058 we're going to test our answer to see if
+51WBcsWHUek-00559-00159059-00159378 that actual answer is the same as the
+51WBcsWHUek-00560-00159379-00159601 input answer so we're going to take our
+51WBcsWHUek-00561-00159602-00159943 variable my answer which is the answer
+51WBcsWHUek-00562-00159944-00160270 that was given by the user in the prompt
+51WBcsWHUek-00563-00160271-00160450 we're gonna put it over there
+51WBcsWHUek-00564-00160451-00160711 and we're gonna now need to test to see
+51WBcsWHUek-00565-00160712-00161040 whether that answer is the same as the
+51WBcsWHUek-00566-00161041-00161350 actual answer so we're going to do that
+51WBcsWHUek-00567-00161351-00161545 we're going to use double
+51WBcsWHUek-00568-00161546-00161814 equals these double equals R to taste
+51WBcsWHUek-00569-00161815-00162109 whether the two numbers are the same and
+51WBcsWHUek-00570-00162110-00162315 we're gonna put in answer that's the
+51WBcsWHUek-00571-00162316-00162540 actual answer and we close with our
+51WBcsWHUek-00572-00162541-00162772 rounds so we get our round records and
+51WBcsWHUek-00573-00162773-00163147 that's testing if they are the same just
+51WBcsWHUek-00574-00163148-00163369 gonna move it in I've tabbed it in to
+51WBcsWHUek-00575-00163370-00163531 make everything look a lot smarter
+51WBcsWHUek-00576-00163532-00163837 so that looks it's easy to follow we're
+51WBcsWHUek-00577-00163838-00164158 gonna bring in after all round brackets
+51WBcsWHUek-00578-00164159-00164287 at the end we're gonna bring in our
+51WBcsWHUek-00579-00164288-00164569 braces again so we've got a brace there
+51WBcsWHUek-00580-00164570-00164848 and we'll have our brace at the bottom
+51WBcsWHUek-00581-00164849-00165039 and we're going to bring in further code
+51WBcsWHUek-00582-00165040-00165322 in between these braces we're going to
+51WBcsWHUek-00583-00165323-00165625 feed in the answer as being correct or
+51WBcsWHUek-00584-00165626-00165876 incorrect in the document section so
+51WBcsWHUek-00585-00165877-00166162 documents and we're gonna go get element
+51WBcsWHUek-00586-00166163-00166558 by ID get element by ID means we are
+51WBcsWHUek-00587-00166559-00166935 referring to that section of the HTML
+51WBcsWHUek-00588-00166936-00167269 get element by ID and here we going to
+51WBcsWHUek-00589-00167270-00167476 write the name of that section now if
+51WBcsWHUek-00590-00167477-00167628 you scroll up here you can see we can
+51WBcsWHUek-00591-00167629-00168039 call that my sum and we had written in
+51WBcsWHUek-00592-00168040-00168264 click on button to test that was written
+51WBcsWHUek-00593-00168265-00168526 inside that section that header section
+51WBcsWHUek-00594-00168527-00168811 so we're gonna now take this and we're
+51WBcsWHUek-00595-00168812-00169045 gonna write my sum in here so we're
+51WBcsWHUek-00596-00169046-00169398 gonna go speech marks my some capital s
+51WBcsWHUek-00597-00169399-00169711 son closed the speech marks close the
+51WBcsWHUek-00598-00169712-00170013 rounds and now we're going to put dot
+51WBcsWHUek-00599-00170014-00170362 you know just gonna get rid of this the
+51WBcsWHUek-00600-00170363-00170938 inner HTML oh and then we're gonna put
+51WBcsWHUek-00601-00170939-00171073 an equal sign and we're gonna indicate
+51WBcsWHUek-00602-00171074-00171370 well done or some sort of statement so
+51WBcsWHUek-00603-00171371-00171898 we'll go with speech marks well done you
+51WBcsWHUek-00604-00171899-00172347 got it right and just put a full-stop
+51WBcsWHUek-00605-00172348-00172633 close our speech marks but the space are
+51WBcsWHUek-00606-00172634-00172921 at the end so that headers gonna change
+51WBcsWHUek-00607-00172922-00173131 and it's gonna have well done you got it
+51WBcsWHUek-00608-00173132-00173388 right this will overwrite whatever was
+51WBcsWHUek-00609-00173389-00173623 written in there before we wrote in
+51WBcsWHUek-00610-00173624-00173896 there click on button to taste so click
+51WBcsWHUek-00611-00173897-00174088 on button to test will be overwritten
+51WBcsWHUek-00612-00174089-00174327 and we all read now well done you got it
+51WBcsWHUek-00613-00174328-00174590 right and we're gonna add in the
+51WBcsWHUek-00614-00174591-00174859 variable the score variable we can Inc
+51WBcsWHUek-00615-00174860-00175009 in that we're gonna bring up the score
+51WBcsWHUek-00616-00175010-00175294 by one so we put a plus sign to glue the
+51WBcsWHUek-00617-00175295-00175558 score and we're gonna add one to the
+51WBcsWHUek-00618-00175559-00175609 score
+51WBcsWHUek-00619-00175610-00175774 we're gonna put that in round brackets
+51WBcsWHUek-00620-00175775-00176080 round brackets there and we'll put a
+51WBcsWHUek-00621-00176081-00176278 round brackets over there and we just
+51WBcsWHUek-00622-00176279-00176716 need to put a semicolon at the end there
+51WBcsWHUek-00623-00176717-00177085 we go and that finishes that part of it
+51WBcsWHUek-00624-00177086-00177340 when the user gets the answer right
+51WBcsWHUek-00625-00177341-00177763 let's just go over all of this of it we
+51WBcsWHUek-00626-00177764-00178075 are calling a method within the document
+51WBcsWHUek-00627-00178076-00178408 object called get element by ID which
+51WBcsWHUek-00628-00178409-00178743 finds my son which is in the inner HTML
+51WBcsWHUek-00629-00178744-00179065 section basically you need to just copy
+51WBcsWHUek-00630-00179066-00179347 this down and to see if it works it's
+51WBcsWHUek-00631-00179348-00179536 just the test so here we've got the else
+51WBcsWHUek-00632-00179537-00179764 which is going to show the condition if
+51WBcsWHUek-00633-00179765-00179968 the user got it wrong
+51WBcsWHUek-00634-00179969-00180187 so now we're moving on to the wrong part
+51WBcsWHUek-00635-00180188-00180463 if the user got the answer wrong so
+51WBcsWHUek-00636-00180464-00180649 we're gonna bring in the same condition
+51WBcsWHUek-00637-00180650-00180919 and we can also copy this bit of code
+51WBcsWHUek-00638-00180920-00181057 and we're gonna bring it in so let's
+51WBcsWHUek-00639-00181058-00181380 copy I'm gonna bring it in over here
+51WBcsWHUek-00640-00181381-00181786 just paste it and we're going to take
+51WBcsWHUek-00641-00181787-00181960 away the school because remember if they
+51WBcsWHUek-00642-00181961-00182251 got wrong we need to take away one mark
+51WBcsWHUek-00643-00182252-00182491 so every time they get it wrong we
+51WBcsWHUek-00644-00182492-00182824 subtract a the score goes down we
+51WBcsWHUek-00645-00182825-00182992 definitely can't have well done you got
+51WBcsWHUek-00646-00182993-00183283 it right so we're gonna write oh no it's
+51WBcsWHUek-00647-00183284-00183649 not right and then obviously taking away
+51WBcsWHUek-00648-00183650-00183946 a point in the score I think we have
+51WBcsWHUek-00649-00183947-00184264 enough now to taste our code so we can
+51WBcsWHUek-00650-00184265-00184468 go into the saving of it and put it into
+51WBcsWHUek-00651-00184469-00184852 HTML so we go save as here we give the
+51WBcsWHUek-00652-00184853-00185050 file names I'm just going to put my file
+51WBcsWHUek-00653-00185051-00185422 name over here and obviously we put the
+51WBcsWHUek-00654-00185423-00185671 dot HTML at the end and that would save
+51WBcsWHUek-00655-00185672-00185929 it so it would be now ready for the
+51WBcsWHUek-00656-00185930-00186220 browser to open and I'd like to test
+51WBcsWHUek-00657-00186221-00186400 that there we go so everything looks
+51WBcsWHUek-00658-00186401-00186661 fine if I click on our kick answer click
+51WBcsWHUek-00659-00186662-00186931 on it and we're gonna fill in our answer
+51WBcsWHUek-00660-00186932-00187369 over here it's reading as 11 times 9 so
+51WBcsWHUek-00661-00187370-00187669 we're going to type in this prompt let's
+51WBcsWHUek-00662-00187670-00187855 go for the correct on so we're going to
+51WBcsWHUek-00663-00187856-00188176 type in 99
+51WBcsWHUek-00664-00188177-00188554 okay and you can see it's overwritten
+51WBcsWHUek-00665-00188555-00188707 what was there before
+51WBcsWHUek-00666-00188708-00188932 well then you got it right and there's a
+51WBcsWHUek-00667-00188933-00189259 one at the end that's our school four
+51WBcsWHUek-00668-00189260-00189469 times nine I'll just type in the wrong
+51WBcsWHUek-00669-00189470-00189529 answer
+51WBcsWHUek-00670-00189530-00189820 oh no it's not right minus one now
+51WBcsWHUek-00671-00189821-00189934 there's a bit of a mistake because
+51WBcsWHUek-00672-00189935-00190222 shouldn't read minus one so we'll need
+51WBcsWHUek-00673-00190223-00190486 to fix that we'll need to debug that
+51WBcsWHUek-00674-00190487-00190750 part that minus one and we're going to
+51WBcsWHUek-00675-00190751-00190945 get to that now so let's just close this
+51WBcsWHUek-00676-00190946-00191236 and we return to our code and it's just
+51WBcsWHUek-00677-00191237-00191467 scroll down we need to start with a
+51WBcsWHUek-00678-00191468-00191644 score of zero so that's one thing we
+51WBcsWHUek-00679-00191645-00191959 know we're going to need to adjust our
+51WBcsWHUek-00680-00191960-00192306 schools so we're gonna write in score
+51WBcsWHUek-00681-00192307-00192754 equals score plus one so let's do that
+51WBcsWHUek-00682-00192755-00193048 we're gonna have our score which could
+51WBcsWHUek-00683-00193049-00193228 be any number for example say your
+51WBcsWHUek-00684-00193229-00193528 scores fall is equal to and then it'll
+51WBcsWHUek-00685-00193529-00193840 be score which is 4 plus 1 so each time
+51WBcsWHUek-00686-00193841-00194164 it will readjust and change the score we
+51WBcsWHUek-00687-00194165-00194419 always end with then semicolon
+51WBcsWHUek-00688-00194420-00194644 it's just highlight that so we copy that
+51WBcsWHUek-00689-00194645-00194886 and we're gonna bring it into the
+51WBcsWHUek-00690-00194887-00195145 condition of being wrong and then we're
+51WBcsWHUek-00691-00195146-00195352 going to bring in that plus will be a
+51WBcsWHUek-00692-00195353-00195721 takeaway so that's taking away a school
+51WBcsWHUek-00693-00195722-00196084 so that should do for now let's have a
+51WBcsWHUek-00694-00196085-00196342 look at this and we'll go save and let's
+51WBcsWHUek-00695-00196343-00196570 go about testing to see if it works
+51WBcsWHUek-00696-00196571-00196861 and so we're going to open up our HTML
+51WBcsWHUek-00697-00196862-00197179 with our browser there it is click on
+51WBcsWHUek-00698-00197180-00197431 button to test and let's go through the
+51WBcsWHUek-00699-00197432-00197668 testing process and we're reading 3
+51WBcsWHUek-00700-00197669-00198109 times 11 so let's put in 33 okay well
+51WBcsWHUek-00701-00198110-00198268 then you got it right - got one point
+51WBcsWHUek-00702-00198269-00198565 our scores gone up by one five times
+51WBcsWHUek-00703-00198566-00198919 eight and it's go and put this one in 40
+51WBcsWHUek-00704-00198920-00199204 okay and you can see it's gone up to two
+51WBcsWHUek-00705-00199205-00199570 and nine times nine and let's try a
+51WBcsWHUek-00706-00199571-00199885 wrong answer so I'm just gonna type in
+51WBcsWHUek-00707-00199886-00199978 anything over here
+51WBcsWHUek-00708-00199979-00200356 click OK and says oh no it's not right
+51WBcsWHUek-00709-00200357-00200671 and we got one some we did taken it down
+51WBcsWHUek-00710-00200672-00200926 by one and here it's his eleven times
+51WBcsWHUek-00711-00200927-00201253 four so we go with that one and scoring
+51WBcsWHUek-00712-00201254-00201397 up by one
+51WBcsWHUek-00713-00201398-00201709 seems to be working we we have succeeded
+51WBcsWHUek-00714-00201710-00201915 in what we wanted to do let's have a
+51WBcsWHUek-00715-00201916-00202099 good look at the source code view page
+51WBcsWHUek-00716-00202100-00202329 source and here you can see the HTML
+51WBcsWHUek-00717-00202330-00202563 with the actual lines shown on the
+51WBcsWHUek-00718-00202564-00202783 numbers and the left those are showing
+51WBcsWHUek-00719-00202784-00203110 the actual line numbers and you can see
+51WBcsWHUek-00720-00203111-00203328 here's our HTML everything seems to be
+51WBcsWHUek-00721-00203329-00203512 working well we're just having a good
+51WBcsWHUek-00722-00203513-00203925 look at the HTML code but all is working
+51WBcsWHUek-00723-00203926-00204157 well so we can see we've got our
+51WBcsWHUek-00724-00204158-00204622 function multiplied with braces that's
+51WBcsWHUek-00725-00204623-00204762 quite clear and then we got our
+51WBcsWHUek-00726-00204763-00205017 variables that are declared and we got a
+51WBcsWHUek-00727-00205019-00205327 condition with the if statement on a
+51WBcsWHUek-00728-00205328-00205632 condition of correct answer and the else
+51WBcsWHUek-00729-00205633-00205996 would indicate that the user did not get
+51WBcsWHUek-00730-00205996-00206142 it right and those are contained within
+51WBcsWHUek-00731-00206144-00206496 the script part of our HTML conceal all
+51WBcsWHUek-00732-00206498-00206733 beautifully laid out and you can even
+51WBcsWHUek-00733-00206734-00206985 see the layout of my code makes it quite
+51WBcsWHUek-00734-00206986-00207189 understandable if you work in a very
+51WBcsWHUek-00735-00207190-00207403 messy way becomes very difficult to
+51WBcsWHUek-00736-00207404-00207615 understand the logic you've got to be
+51WBcsWHUek-00737-00207616-00207864 very systematic and orderly in the
+51WBcsWHUek-00738-00207865-00208753 layout of your coding
+51WBcsWHUek-00739-00208754-00209025 you
+51WBcsWHUek-00740-00209026-00211475 [Music]
+51WBcsWHUek-00741-00211476-00212053 you
+51WBcsWHUek-00742-00212054-00214157 [Music]
+54_QpcP9du0-00000-00000000-00000509 it's super lightweight it's aluminum you
+54_QpcP9du0-00001-00000509-00000740 open it up it has these sort of like
+54_QpcP9du0-00002-00000741-00001220 these four parts to the mechanism that
+54_QpcP9du0-00003-00001221-00001514 kind of pinches down and one of the four
+54_QpcP9du0-00004-00001515-00001892 that I got it doesn't really pinch down
+54_QpcP9du0-00005-00001893-00002301 enough on like the smaller size pencils
+54_QpcP9du0-00006-00002302-00002734 you know it barely fits these like faber
+54_QpcP9du0-00007-00002735-00003326 castell watercolor pencils but it does
+54_QpcP9du0-00008-00003327-00003622 work has a nice feel when you kind of
+54_QpcP9du0-00009-00003622-00003878 you know park your hand there if you're
+54_QpcP9du0-00010-00003879-00004267 using like the tripod pencil grip and
+54_QpcP9du0-00011-00004268-00004733 overall it's nice it you know I had I
+54_QpcP9du0-00012-00004734-00004904 would use it if I'm trying to like
+54_QpcP9du0-00013-00004905-00005108 squeak the most out of every single
+54_QpcP9du0-00014-00005109-00005309 pencil plus it's a little more ergonomic
+54_QpcP9du0-00015-00005310-00005536 like anytime there's like a bit you can
+54_QpcP9du0-00016-00005537-00005768 get a bigger grip on something you know
+54_QpcP9du0-00017-00005769-00006074 it's more comfortable in the hand so I'd
+54_QpcP9du0-00018-00006075-00006247 recommend it for that you know I would
+54_QpcP9du0-00019-00006248-00006428 be careful you know if you're drawing
+54_QpcP9du0-00020-00006429-00006656 with the side of scratching the paper
+54_QpcP9du0-00021-00006656-00006944 with the metal so that's never good but
+54_QpcP9du0-00022-00006945-00007270 overall I i'm liking them so far mostly
+54_QpcP9du0-00023-00007272-00007730 i'm using them for ID is these woodless
+54_QpcP9du0-00024-00007731-00007964 graphite pencils and for the most part
+54_QpcP9du0-00025-00007965-00008098 they fit these are pretty narrow
+54_QpcP9du0-00026-00008100-00008303 diameter so they can't you have to kind
+54_QpcP9du0-00027-00008304-00008503 of really pinch down hard and they do
+54_QpcP9du0-00028-00008504-00008939 work at at a certain point although one
+54_QpcP9du0-00029-00008940-00009251 of them one of these that came my order
+54_QpcP9du0-00030-00009252-00009434 didn't fit they were pretty good with
+54_QpcP9du0-00031-00009435-00010021 just your standard graphite or your kind
+54_QpcP9du0-00032-00010022-00010394 of like narrow standard graphite pretty
+54_QpcP9du0-00033-00010395-00010603 solid kinda have to Ratchet it down
+54_QpcP9du0-00034-00010604-00011014 though so the biggest problem that I
+54_QpcP9du0-00035-00011015-00011185 have with all these narrow diameters and
+54_QpcP9du0-00036-00011186-00011531 not pinching down well like on this is
+54_QpcP9du0-00037-00011532-00012056 that they sort of shake inside so as it
+54_QpcP9du0-00038-00012057-00012235 gets smaller you know that shake is
+54_QpcP9du0-00039-00012236-00012421 gonna be more dramatic and have more in
+54_QpcP9du0-00040-00012422-00012741 effect you know while your pencil is is
+54_QpcP9du0-00041-00012742-00012996 longer or you're not even really using
+54_QpcP9du0-00042-00012997-00013485 doesn't matter but but if you have if
+54_QpcP9du0-00043-00013486-00013737 you have you know the pencil back there
+54_QpcP9du0-00044-00013738-00013866 there's not going to be much of a shake
+54_QpcP9du0-00045-00013866-00014085 but if the pencils like right up front
+54_QpcP9du0-00046-00014086-00014256 here there's gonna be a huge amount of
+54_QpcP9du0-00047-00014257-00014409 drift and that's gonna be really
+54_QpcP9du0-00048-00014410-00014697 frustrating on the narrow diameters so
+54_QpcP9du0-00049-00014697-00014976 it might not be the one for for the
+54_QpcP9du0-00050-00014977-00015252 narrow diameter pencils but overall it's
+54_QpcP9du0-00051-00015253-00015525 working well so far
+54A_WPevjco-00000-00000003-00000248 welcome I'm Cecile green with France gas
+54A_WPevjco-00001-00000249-00000524 solutions and I'm happy to be here today
+54A_WPevjco-00002-00000525-00000713 working with loomio to bring you this
+54A_WPevjco-00003-00000714-00000935 video that will teach you how to make
+54A_WPevjco-00004-00000936-00001097 collective decisions that are more
+54A_WPevjco-00005-00001098-00001316 effective and efficient via a process
+54A_WPevjco-00006-00001317-00001516 called integrated consent and donjon
+54A_WPevjco-00007-00001517-00001775 with loomio the steps you'll learn an
+54A_WPevjco-00008-00001776-00001937 integrative consent are useful whether
+54A_WPevjco-00009-00001938-00002246 in person or online and we believe all
+54A_WPevjco-00010-00002247-00002410 teams have something to gain by moving
+54A_WPevjco-00011-00002411-00002708 some decisions online before we get to
+54A_WPevjco-00012-00002709-00002957 the how-to Cecile's gonna share a few
+54A_WPevjco-00013-00002958-00003164 notes on the history of round skies
+54A_WPevjco-00014-00003165-00003520 process interpretive consent is an
+54A_WPevjco-00015-00003521-00003701 evolution upon soci accuracy and
+54A_WPevjco-00016-00003702-00003908 holacracy decision making processes
+54A_WPevjco-00017-00003909-00004208 which evolved out of consensus all of
+54A_WPevjco-00018-00004209-00004427 these bring great value to the world but
+54A_WPevjco-00019-00004428-00004658 each have some limitations which
+54A_WPevjco-00020-00004659-00004897 integrative consent transcends the
+54A_WPevjco-00021-00004898-00005129 intent with integrative consent is to
+54A_WPevjco-00022-00005130-00005390 codify a clear process that reflects
+54A_WPevjco-00023-00005391-00005620 what's naturally happening when
+54A_WPevjco-00024-00005621-00005804 collective decision-making is working
+54A_WPevjco-00025-00005805-00006043 well so that we can reliably repeat it
+54A_WPevjco-00026-00006044-00006302 anytime we choose so let's jump into the
+54A_WPevjco-00027-00006303-00006496 step by step of an integrative consent
+54A_WPevjco-00028-00006497-00006773 the first step is proposed and there are
+54A_WPevjco-00029-00006773-00006956 two ways this happens first of all
+54A_WPevjco-00030-00006956-00007238 proposal surfacing and this happens
+54A_WPevjco-00031-00007239-00007498 within open discussion it's often best
+54A_WPevjco-00032-00007500-00007849 if the person who raises the need for a
+54A_WPevjco-00033-00007850-00008177 proposal represents it for the group
+54A_WPevjco-00034-00008178-00008426 throughout this entire process as the
+54A_WPevjco-00035-00008427-00008633 proposal and you'll see how that works
+54A_WPevjco-00036-00008634-00008813 as we go through the rest of the steps
+54A_WPevjco-00037-00008814-00009113 but during proposal surfacing it's their
+54A_WPevjco-00038-00009114-00009344 job to listen carefully for what could
+54A_WPevjco-00039-00009345-00009689 become a proposal the second way to get
+54A_WPevjco-00040-00009690-00009917 a proposal is to have that proposer come
+54A_WPevjco-00041-00009918-00010166 in with an already prepared proposal in
+54A_WPevjco-00042-00010167-00010538 writing either way the proposer gets
+54A_WPevjco-00043-00010539-00010742 something in writing as the initial
+54A_WPevjco-00044-00010743-00011171 proposal for step 1 as facilitators of
+54A_WPevjco-00045-00011172-00011356 this process it's really important to
+54A_WPevjco-00046-00011357-00011606 remember that it's not your choice as
+54A_WPevjco-00047-00011607-00011852 facilitator which option to take in step
+54A_WPevjco-00048-00011853-00012056 1 that choice belongs to the proposer
+54A_WPevjco-00049-00012057-00012299 they get to choose whether its proposal
+54A_WPevjco-00050-00012300-00012517 surfacing or if they have a proposal
+54A_WPevjco-00051-00012518-00012877 already prepared as the facilitator its
+54A_WPevjco-00052-00012878-00013076 job it's your job to help them do that
+54A_WPevjco-00053-00013077-00013376 efficiently by thinking with them and
+54A_WPevjco-00054-00013377-00013529 checking back with them to see if they
+54A_WPevjco-00055-00013530-00013712 have enough information to craft that
+54A_WPevjco-00056-00013713-00013997 proposal once we have that proposal in
+54A_WPevjco-00057-00013997-00014047 writing
+54A_WPevjco-00058-00014049-00014404 however rough we can move to step two
+54A_WPevjco-00059-00014405-00014699 this round can include clarifying
+54A_WPevjco-00060-00014700-00014938 questions sharing points of information
+54A_WPevjco-00061-00014938-00015224 making any desired responses including
+54A_WPevjco-00062-00015225-00015383 better ideas for the proposal on the
+54A_WPevjco-00063-00015384-00015593 table if there are questions
+54A_WPevjco-00064-00015594-00015769 it's the proposer who gets to answer
+54A_WPevjco-00065-00015771-00015953 them or delegate them to the person they
+54A_WPevjco-00066-00015954-00016244 think can best answer during the step
+54A_WPevjco-00067-00016244-00016445 it's very important for the proposer to
+54A_WPevjco-00068-00016446-00016610 be listening carefully and paying close
+54A_WPevjco-00069-00016611-00016859 attention to what's being shared for
+54A_WPevjco-00070-00016860-00017039 anything that they would like to change
+54A_WPevjco-00071-00017040-00017255 about their proposer which is the third
+54A_WPevjco-00072-00017256-00017561 step if you are facilitating this
+54A_WPevjco-00073-00017562-00017759 process synchronously it's important to
+54A_WPevjco-00074-00017760-00017963 remember to keep this as around and not
+54A_WPevjco-00075-00017964-00018404 open discussion step 3 amande is where
+54A_WPevjco-00076-00018405-00018572 the proposer makes changes to their
+54A_WPevjco-00077-00018573-00018842 proposal at their discretion based on
+54A_WPevjco-00078-00018843-00019127 the input they've received in step 2 the
+54A_WPevjco-00079-00019128-00019288 proposer doesn't have to change anything
+54A_WPevjco-00080-00019289-00019538 or respond to everything that's been
+54A_WPevjco-00081-00019539-00019760 shared and stuck to their jobs just
+54A_WPevjco-00082-00019761-00019916 change what they would feel would be
+54A_WPevjco-00083-00019917-00020156 best on behalf of the whole team not
+54A_WPevjco-00084-00020157-00020366 just there or anyone elses personal
+54A_WPevjco-00085-00020367-00020633 preferences once we have an amended
+54A_WPevjco-00086-00020634-00020846 proposal then we can move into step 4
+54A_WPevjco-00087-00020847-00021169 integrate integration is where things
+54A_WPevjco-00088-00021170-00021242 get interesting
+54A_WPevjco-00089-00021243-00021452 during this phase all team members are
+54A_WPevjco-00090-00021453-00021677 invited to present any objections they
+54A_WPevjco-00091-00021678-00021941 have with objections being defined as
+54A_WPevjco-00092-00021942-00022133 what might cause harm to the team or
+54A_WPevjco-00093-00022134-00022442 organization now how do we know if it
+54A_WPevjco-00094-00022443-00022718 might cause harm this is a question that
+54A_WPevjco-00095-00022719-00022904 can open up a can of worms if there's
+54A_WPevjco-00096-00022905-00023147 not clear agreement about what is a
+54A_WPevjco-00097-00023148-00023471 valid objection their very least we
+54A_WPevjco-00098-00023472-00023681 recommend that an objection needs to
+54A_WPevjco-00099-00023682-00023909 have a clear and recent case that can be
+54A_WPevjco-00100-00023910-00024026 made explicit
+54A_WPevjco-00101-00024027-00024338 if the why of the objection is unclear
+54A_WPevjco-00102-00024339-00024596 it may be impossible to integrate or
+54A_WPevjco-00103-00024597-00024911 waste a lot of time beyond that there
+54A_WPevjco-00104-00024912-00025124 are a number of basic questions your
+54A_WPevjco-00105-00025125-00025361 group could ask of each Jackson to
+54A_WPevjco-00106-00025362-00025526 ensure that they will not just cause the
+54A_WPevjco-00107-00025527-00025694 team to go round and round in circles
+54A_WPevjco-00108-00025695-00026030 we call these validation criteria your
+54A_WPevjco-00109-00026031-00026231 group will likely want to agree on the
+54A_WPevjco-00110-00026232-00026498 criterion that work best for you but we
+54A_WPevjco-00111-00026499-00026657 think you may find these basic ones
+54A_WPevjco-00112-00026658-00026795 useful to get
+54A_WPevjco-00113-00026795-00027101 if so few examples of Mari wouldn't want
+54A_WPevjco-00114-00027102-00027370 to consider every recent objection valid
+54A_WPevjco-00115-00027372-00027620 maybe my abduction is based on a
+54A_WPevjco-00116-00027620-00027788 personal reason I don't like a
+54A_WPevjco-00117-00027789-00028016 particular proposal perhaps we're
+54A_WPevjco-00118-00028017-00028274 deciding on our brand colors and maybe I
+54A_WPevjco-00119-00028275-00028547 don't personally like red but market
+54A_WPevjco-00120-00028548-00028736 research shows that our customers love
+54A_WPevjco-00121-00028737-00028832 red
+54A_WPevjco-00122-00028833-00029087 my objection that I don't like red
+54A_WPevjco-00123-00029088-00029308 doesn't constitute harm to the whole
+54A_WPevjco-00124-00029310-00029614 it's a reflection of my personal wishes
+54A_WPevjco-00125-00029614-00029924 another example might be that I just had
+54A_WPevjco-00126-00029925-00029995 a better idea
+54A_WPevjco-00127-00029997-00030248 but our ideas in general are green and
+54A_WPevjco-00128-00030249-00030389 we definitely want to encourage them
+54A_WPevjco-00129-00030389-00030572 during the questions and comments but
+54A_WPevjco-00130-00030573-00030893 not during intubate and why because
+54A_WPevjco-00131-00030894-00031124 we'll be starting a better idea or and
+54A_WPevjco-00132-00031125-00031313 we could spend the rest of the year
+54A_WPevjco-00133-00031314-00031570 trying to decide whose idea is best
+54A_WPevjco-00134-00031572-00031793 right and depending on just how
+54A_WPevjco-00135-00031794-00031979 desperate our egos are we could spend
+54A_WPevjco-00136-00031980-00032285 the teens valuable resources on doing
+54A_WPevjco-00137-00032286-00032533 just that at this stage in the process
+54A_WPevjco-00138-00032535-00032732 it's time to get to good enough for now
+54A_WPevjco-00139-00032733-00033035 what's safe to try and then Garn data
+54A_WPevjco-00140-00033036-00033221 from real life and evolve the agreement
+54A_WPevjco-00141-00033222-00033512 see here and the third way in which
+54A_WPevjco-00142-00033513-00033689 abductions are not valid is that they're
+54A_WPevjco-00143-00033690-00033887 based on predictive concern for which we
+54A_WPevjco-00144-00033888-00034142 have no current data are we afraid our
+54A_WPevjco-00145-00034143-00034310 customers hate red or do we actually
+54A_WPevjco-00146-00034311-00034664 have market research predictive concerns
+54A_WPevjco-00147-00034665-00034988 can frankly just be wrong and we can end
+54A_WPevjco-00148-00034989-00035164 up spending a lot of team resources
+54A_WPevjco-00149-00035165-00035449 trying to integrate predictive concerns
+54A_WPevjco-00150-00035450-00035657 especially if we have no relevant
+54A_WPevjco-00151-00035658-00035857 experience that supports our concerns
+54A_WPevjco-00152-00035858-00036101 once all objections have been surfaced
+54A_WPevjco-00153-00036102-00036356 then we can complete integration this
+54A_WPevjco-00154-00036357-00036572 includes understanding the concerns and
+54A_WPevjco-00155-00036573-00036788 checking that each objection meets the
+54A_WPevjco-00156-00036789-00037082 validation criteria your facilitator
+54A_WPevjco-00157-00037083-00037307 should pick one objection at a time and
+54A_WPevjco-00158-00037308-00037562 integrate it via open discussion to
+54A_WPevjco-00159-00037563-00037718 create an amended version of the
+54A_WPevjco-00160-00037719-00037970 proposal it's important that the
+54A_WPevjco-00161-00037971-00038162 proposal in its changed form still
+54A_WPevjco-00162-00038163-00038453 resolves the proposers tension in other
+54A_WPevjco-00163-00038454-00038636 words it would be pointless to change
+54A_WPevjco-00164-00038637-00038774 the proposal so that it no longer
+54A_WPevjco-00165-00038775-00038993 addresses the need that put it on the
+54A_WPevjco-00166-00038994-00039254 table in the first place though how that
+54A_WPevjco-00167-00039255-00039449 need gets matt may be very different
+54A_WPevjco-00168-00039450-00039629 than the way the proposer initially
+54A_WPevjco-00169-00039630-00039956 conceived this process is repeated for
+54A_WPevjco-00170-00039957-00040145 all valid objections
+54A_WPevjco-00171-00040146-00040364 remembering that new objections may be
+54A_WPevjco-00172-00040365-00040664 raised as we change the proposal when
+54A_WPevjco-00173-00040665-00040835 there are no further objections the
+54A_WPevjco-00174-00040836-00041102 proposal has passed as we mentioned
+54A_WPevjco-00175-00041103-00041270 there's a number of benefits to doing
+54A_WPevjco-00176-00041271-00041573 some of your consent processes online so
+54A_WPevjco-00177-00041574-00041972 let's try it on loomio let's say you're
+54A_WPevjco-00178-00041973-00042227 the proposer this time you'll start with
+54A_WPevjco-00179-00042228-00042521 a new discussion thread it's best if the
+54A_WPevjco-00180-00042522-00042701 title says what you're trying to do in
+54A_WPevjco-00181-00042702-00042950 this case sponsor the benefit dinner of
+54A_WPevjco-00182-00042951-00043229 a local charity in the context you'll
+54A_WPevjco-00183-00043230-00043412 frame the discussion and decision with
+54A_WPevjco-00184-00043413-00043661 relevant details and give people a sense
+54A_WPevjco-00185-00043662-00043868 of what the process will be to guide the
+54A_WPevjco-00186-00043869-00044024 members of your group and to make it
+54A_WPevjco-00187-00044025-00044210 clear both where we're at and what's
+54A_WPevjco-00188-00044211-00044507 been shared by whom you'll use Lumias
+54A_WPevjco-00189-00044508-00044728 facilitation tools to move this along
+54A_WPevjco-00190-00044729-00044981 for this consent process you'll only
+54A_WPevjco-00191-00044982-00045245 need the proposal tool for this step
+54A_WPevjco-00192-00045246-00045425 you'll remove all the voting buttons
+54A_WPevjco-00193-00045426-00045647 from this proposal because you're just
+54A_WPevjco-00194-00045648-00045818 inviting the Gripp to share questions
+54A_WPevjco-00195-00045819-00046070 and comments at this stage for the
+54A_WPevjco-00196-00046071-00046286 questions and comments step a title like
+54A_WPevjco-00197-00046287-00046481 this can help the text that's written
+54A_WPevjco-00198-00046482-00046697 directly under details may also help
+54A_WPevjco-00199-00046698-00046931 folks new to the process but the main
+54A_WPevjco-00200-00046932-00047150 thing is to include the proposal text
+54A_WPevjco-00201-00047151-00047534 here or attach it next set a sensible
+54A_WPevjco-00202-00047535-00047702 duration within which people can
+54A_WPevjco-00203-00047703-00047996 participate loomio will again alert the
+54A_WPevjco-00204-00047997-00048299 group 24 hours before this closes so it
+54A_WPevjco-00205-00048300-00048449 might be ideal to align that
+54A_WPevjco-00206-00048450-00048620 notification with the time you think
+54A_WPevjco-00207-00048621-00048926 they'll be able to quickly respond now
+54A_WPevjco-00208-00048927-00049151 you'll typically want to invite everyone
+54A_WPevjco-00209-00049152-00049400 from your group but you can also push
+54A_WPevjco-00210-00049401-00049667 notifications to just select people if
+54A_WPevjco-00211-00049668-00050024 you wish everyone sees this page where
+54A_WPevjco-00212-00050025-00050231 people can leave comments which by the
+54A_WPevjco-00213-00050232-00050408 way leave a nice record you can
+54A_WPevjco-00214-00050409-00050711 reference down the road looks like Mary
+54A_WPevjco-00215-00050712-00050993 and MJ responded right away and MJ left
+54A_WPevjco-00216-00050994-00051287 a nice suggestion to donate more let's
+54A_WPevjco-00217-00051288-00051497 say this sounds great to you so you can
+54A_WPevjco-00218-00051498-00051734 immediately incorporate this as we move
+54A_WPevjco-00219-00051735-00052049 into the next step amendment once you've
+54A_WPevjco-00220-00052050-00052262 amended the proposal you'll use the
+54A_WPevjco-00221-00052263-00052595 updated copy the amended proposals text
+54A_WPevjco-00222-00052596-00052829 so that you can move into the last step
+54A_WPevjco-00223-00052829-00053090 of integration which begins by calling
+54A_WPevjco-00224-00053091-00053414 for any objections to do that you'll
+54A_WPevjco-00225-00053415-00053537 start a new proposal
+54A_WPevjco-00226-00053538-00053873 and this time use the consent abstain
+54A_WPevjco-00227-00053874-00054239 objection voting options again include
+54A_WPevjco-00228-00054240-00054428 the amended proposal and make sure
+54A_WPevjco-00229-00054429-00054710 version two is also clearly labeled in
+54A_WPevjco-00230-00054711-00055010 the title a good title might look like
+54A_WPevjco-00231-00055011-00055204 this letting people know how to best
+54A_WPevjco-00232-00055205-00055403 participate and where you're at in the
+54A_WPevjco-00233-00055404-00055709 process again all your group members
+54A_WPevjco-00234-00055710-00056003 come to this page people will be able to
+54A_WPevjco-00235-00056004-00056246 vote and leave a reason a short comment
+54A_WPevjco-00236-00056247-00056528 explaining their position people can
+54A_WPevjco-00237-00056529-00056741 change their votes until the proposal
+54A_WPevjco-00238-00056741-00057059 duration is over and it closes allowing
+54A_WPevjco-00239-00057060-00057248 people to change their minds in response
+54A_WPevjco-00240-00057249-00057478 to new information or further thinking
+54A_WPevjco-00241-00057479-00057746 you can see Mary's done good work of
+54A_WPevjco-00242-00057747-00058004 validating her objection already clearly
+54A_WPevjco-00243-00058004-00058199 there is evident risk in donating to a
+54A_WPevjco-00244-00058200-00058397 group that has big bad press right now
+54A_WPevjco-00245-00058398-00058685 however let's imagine Mary's objection
+54A_WPevjco-00246-00058686-00058973 was not valid anyone in the group maybe
+54A_WPevjco-00247-00058974-00059266 you or the facilitator could invite her
+54A_WPevjco-00248-00059267-00059519 to change her vote this way you'll have
+54A_WPevjco-00249-00059520-00059798 a quick view of whose objections still
+54A_WPevjco-00250-00059799-00060059 need to be integrated and ultimately
+54A_WPevjco-00251-00060060-00060266 you'll have a clear and accurate record
+54A_WPevjco-00252-00060266-00060647 how things ended you can expect that not
+54A_WPevjco-00253-00060648-00060817 everyone will be writing such clear
+54A_WPevjco-00254-00060819-00061010 reasons and helping the process along
+54A_WPevjco-00255-00061011-00061349 like Mary is doing here but luckily you
+54A_WPevjco-00256-00061350-00061526 can just have a conversation with your
+54A_WPevjco-00257-00061527-00061697 group members here in this thread so
+54A_WPevjco-00258-00061698-00061979 everyone learns or you can contact an
+54A_WPevjco-00259-00061979-00062258 individual more privately so let's work
+54A_WPevjco-00260-00062259-00062564 to integrate this objection Mary's
+54A_WPevjco-00261-00062565-00062774 already invited an open discussion as
+54A_WPevjco-00262-00062775-00062957 she doesn't have a clear suggestion as
+54A_WPevjco-00263-00062958-00063350 to how to integrate her concern Wow
+54A_WPevjco-00264-00063351-00063614 wouldn't you know it MJ is coming back
+54A_WPevjco-00265-00063615-00063911 with great and very fortunate way to
+54A_WPevjco-00266-00063912-00064163 integrate this will just fund another
+54A_WPevjco-00267-00064164-00064472 charity doing the exact same thing so
+54A_WPevjco-00268-00064473-00064679 you'll start a new proposal so that
+54A_WPevjco-00269-00064679-00064886 everyone is clear on what their vote
+54A_WPevjco-00270-00064887-00065116 means what the outcome will be if they
+54A_WPevjco-00271-00065117-00065477 consent making it really clear by naming
+54A_WPevjco-00272-00065478-00065807 it Version three again and you'll repeat
+54A_WPevjco-00273-00065808-00066056 the step is necessary if more objections
+54A_WPevjco-00274-00066057-00066346 come in for amended versions as you go
+54A_WPevjco-00275-00066347-00066662 the final step is to share an outcome to
+54A_WPevjco-00276-00066663-00066875 record your decision and let people
+54A_WPevjco-00277-00066876-00067148 know what's going to happen next many
+54A_WPevjco-00278-00067149-00067329 groups like to use this opportunity to
+54A_WPevjco-00279-00067330-00067586 communicate and record who's responsible
+54A_WPevjco-00280-00067587-00067882 for what notify them or your whole group
+54A_WPevjco-00281-00067883-00068166 so now you can use loomio to see how you
+54A_WPevjco-00282-00068167-00068399 arrive to the decision all recorded in
+54A_WPevjco-00283-00068400-00068685 one place the navigation icons here help
+54A_WPevjco-00284-00068686-00068906 you quickly return to key events and
+54A_WPevjco-00285-00068907-00069350 that's it outcome achieved so in closing
+54A_WPevjco-00286-00069351-00069497 the most important thing to remember
+54A_WPevjco-00287-00069498-00069737 with integrative consent is that we're
+54A_WPevjco-00288-00069738-00069915 aiming for decisions that are safe to
+54A_WPevjco-00289-00069916-00070146 try you don't have to get either the
+54A_WPevjco-00290-00070147-00070379 process or the decision that comes out
+54A_WPevjco-00291-00070380-00070653 of it perfect for it to work and make a
+54A_WPevjco-00292-00070654-00070829 big difference for you and your team you
+54A_WPevjco-00293-00070830-00071000 can muddle about a bit and see what
+54A_WPevjco-00294-00071001-00071081 happens
+54A_WPevjco-00295-00071082-00071303 what questions emerge and what's next
+54A_WPevjco-00296-00071304-00071535 for your team's collaboration needs so
+54A_WPevjco-00297-00071536-00071726 get started today by sharing this
+54A_WPevjco-00298-00071727-00071894 article with your group and give it a
+54A_WPevjco-00299-00071895-00072228 try for free on loomio at Lumia org and
+54A_WPevjco-00300-00072229-00072461 for more information on integrative
+54A_WPevjco-00301-00072462-00072701 consent including a demo video of the
+54A_WPevjco-00302-00072702-00072978 process in action and access to our
+54A_WPevjco-00303-00072979-00073169 cooperative decision-making toolkit with
+54A_WPevjco-00304-00073170-00073373 more tips and tricks to support you and
+54A_WPevjco-00305-00073374-00073619 your team's meaningful and efficient
+54A_WPevjco-00306-00073620-00073866 collaboration go to Round Sky solutions
+54A_WPevjco-00307-00073867-00074000 comm Cheers
+54A_WPevjco-00308-00074001-00074282 and happy world-changing to you and your
+54A_WPevjco-00309-00074283-00074504 groups
+556wLmsbOS4-00000-00000060-00000295 the Living Planet report is published
+556wLmsbOS4-00001-00000296-00000482 every two years by the World Wide Fund
+556wLmsbOS4-00002-00000483-00000908 for Nature since 1998 it is based on the
+556wLmsbOS4-00003-00000909-00001124 Living Planet Index and ecological
+556wLmsbOS4-00004-00001125-00001457 footprint calculations the Living Planet
+556wLmsbOS4-00005-00001458-00001622 report is the world's leading
+556wLmsbOS4-00006-00001623-00001864 science-based analysis on the health of
+556wLmsbOS4-00007-00001866-00002054 our planet and the impact of human
+556wLmsbOS4-00008-00002055-00002375 activity humanity's demands exceed the
+556wLmsbOS4-00009-00002376-00002645 Earth's capacity to sustain us the 2018
+556wLmsbOS4-00010-00002646-00002969 report founder decline of 60% in
+556wLmsbOS4-00011-00002970-00003308 population sizes a vertebrate species
+556wLmsbOS4-00012-00003309-00003740 overall from 1970 to 2014 the tropics of
+556wLmsbOS4-00013-00003740-00004001 South and Central America had an 89%
+556wLmsbOS4-00014-00004002-00004451 loss compared to 1970 the 2018 report
+556wLmsbOS4-00015-00004452-00004664 calls for new goals post to o2o
+556wLmsbOS4-00016-00004665-00004868 alongside those of the Convention on
+556wLmsbOS4-00017-00004869-00005131 Biological Diversity the Paris climate
+556wLmsbOS4-00018-00005132-00005306 agreement and the sustainable
+556wLmsbOS4-00019-00005307-00005940 development goals
+556wLmsbOS4-00020-00005941-00006484 topic additions
+556wLmsbOS4-00021-00006486-00006686 the first version of the Living Planet
+556wLmsbOS4-00022-00006687-00007067 report was published on 1998 following
+556wLmsbOS4-00023-00007068-00007789 versions in 1999 2000 2002 2004 2006
+556wLmsbOS4-00024-00007790-00008567 2008 2010 2012 2014 2016 and 2018
+55S83by2UE0-00000-00000000-00000202 look at these stats over here Cova 19
+55S83by2UE0-00001-00000204-00000455 impact the media buying 49% held back a
+55S83by2UE0-00002-00000456-00000690 campaign launched until later in 2020
+55S83by2UE0-00003-00000691-00000928 45% stopped or pause a media campaign
+55S83by2UE0-00004-00000930-00001352 Midway 38% paused all advertising until
+55S83by2UE0-00005-00001353-00001651 later 2020 34% scrapped their campaigns
+55S83by2UE0-00006-00001652-00001976 pre-lunch majority of advertisers don't
+55S83by2UE0-00007-00001977-00002132 have the spending power to buy
+55S83by2UE0-00008-00002133-00002339 additional impressions which has
+55S83by2UE0-00009-00002340-00002681 resulted in extremely low CPMs ad Mike
+55S83by2UE0-00010-00002682-00002990 Mike whatever share that there is 17.2%
+55S83by2UE0-00011-00002991-00003269 drop-in week over week ad revenues the
+55S83by2UE0-00012-00003270-00003472 REC deal real-time bidding also dropped
+55S83by2UE0-00013-00003473-00003688 by 50% and CPM is a fourteen point eight
+55S83by2UE0-00014-00003689-00003935 b2b buyers count on vendors to provide
+55S83by2UE0-00015-00003936-00004195 more quality Acura buying information
+55S83by2UE0-00016-00004196-00004379 more confidence businesses that sell
+55S83by2UE0-00017-00004380-00004565 non-essential products and services can
+55S83by2UE0-00018-00004566-00004793 expect the dip to continue on the next
+55S83by2UE0-00019-00004794-00005018 few months forget the next few months is
+55S83by2UE0-00020-00005019-00005210 going to keep on going let's continue so
+55S83by2UE0-00021-00005211-00005461 paid advertising 53% of consumers
+55S83by2UE0-00022-00005462-00005602 preferred brands to communicate through
+55S83by2UE0-00023-00005603-00005888 TV ads 35% of consumers are more
+55S83by2UE0-00024-00005889-00006031 interested in hearing about online
+55S83by2UE0-00025-00006032-00006224 retail excluding food than they were
+55S83by2UE0-00026-00006225-00006481 before as per the research conducted by
+55S83by2UE0-00027-00006483-00006803 AI software company remesh 97% of people
+55S83by2UE0-00028-00006804-00007021 are using social media for at least one
+55S83by2UE0-00029-00007022-00007134 to three hours a day
+55S83by2UE0-00030-00007136-00007406 despite targeted advertising these were
+55S83by2UE0-00031-00007406-00007588 some statistics the research discovered
+55S83by2UE0-00032-00007589-00007999 64% the people ignored paid ads 40 49
+55S83by2UE0-00033-00008000-00008267 percent blocked those ads 79 percent of
+55S83by2UE0-00034-00008268-00008471 people urged brands to have ads that are
+55S83by2UE0-00035-00008472-00008630 positive and caring and inclusive
+55S83by2UE0-00036-00008631-00008896 contrary to common behavior it's time to
+55S83by2UE0-00037-00008897-00009095 apply common business sense and invest
+55S83by2UE0-00038-00009096-00009503 money into ROI o ROI you don't say oh my
+55S83by2UE0-00039-00009504-00009781 god return on investment call and that
+55S83by2UE0-00040-00009782-00009944 was a catana to invest in ads and
+55S83by2UE0-00041-00009945-00010199 webinars for the new normal post coated
+55S83by2UE0-00042-00010200-00010399 new normal marketing what the are
+55S83by2UE0-00043-00010400-00010546 the people marketing before this
+55S83by2UE0-00044-00010547-00010971 jesus christ anyways the rest is
+55S83by2UE0-00045-00010972-00011278 mumbo jumbo but I want to talk about is
+55S83by2UE0-00046-00011279-00011695 this so yeah it's no surprise all the
+55S83by2UE0-00047-00011696-00011863 marketing budgets are down and people
+55S83by2UE0-00048-00011864-00012010 are spending more time online but
+55S83by2UE0-00049-00012011-00012209 there's a huge opportunity I said this
+55S83by2UE0-00050-00012210-00012474 last year I think believe it or not
+55S83by2UE0-00051-00012475-00012808 depending obviously on your product and
+55S83by2UE0-00052-00012809-00012958 majority this is e-commerce anyways
+55S83by2UE0-00053-00012959-00013183 physical products I believe there's
+55S83by2UE0-00054-00013184-00013291 going to be a mass
+55S83by2UE0-00055-00013291-00013530 come back when it comes to direct sales
+55S83by2UE0-00056-00013531-00013807 and specifically now you guys think
+55S83by2UE0-00057-00013808-00014016 about this if the even when the
+55S83by2UE0-00058-00014018-00014238 quarantine is lifted it's not like
+55S83by2UE0-00059-00014240-00014394 people gonna be congregating left right
+55S83by2UE0-00060-00014395-00014622 and center remote working is going to
+55S83by2UE0-00061-00014623-00014830 become a more normal people will be
+55S83by2UE0-00062-00014831-00014994 spending more time in their house and as
+55S83by2UE0-00063-00014995-00015216 the ad said people just don't trust it
+55S83by2UE0-00064-00015218-00015526 they don't trust ads anymore and I will
+55S83by2UE0-00065-00015527-00015715 never forget it I was at the Covenant
+55S83by2UE0-00066-00015716-00015853 house so I try to do a common house
+55S83by2UE0-00067-00015854-00016041 every year and we raise money not to ask
+55S83by2UE0-00068-00016043-00016222 Mike how do you raise money and 80
+55S83by2UE0-00069-00016222-00016396 percent of how they raise money his
+55S83by2UE0-00070-00016397-00016699 Direct Mail it's not online it's not be
+55S83by2UE0-00071-00016700-00016867 is literally direct mail
+55S83by2UE0-00072-00016868-00017200 emailing out their advertising pamphlets
+55S83by2UE0-00073-00017201-00017365 and what they do and case studies and
+55S83by2UE0-00074-00017366-00017469 they should send it out to their
+55S83by2UE0-00075-00017470-00017794 recipients and so I think this is a
+55S83by2UE0-00076-00017795-00017974 golden opportunity where you can get
+55S83by2UE0-00077-00017975-00018325 dirt cheap direct response marketing pay
+55S83by2UE0-00078-00018326-00018505 somebody to go deliver in there in a
+55S83by2UE0-00079-00018506-00018646 community you can buy postal code
+55S83by2UE0-00080-00018647-00018760 address there's a bunch of different
+55S83by2UE0-00081-00018761-00019027 directories out there but I think
+55S83by2UE0-00082-00019028-00019291 combining both direct marketing so
+55S83by2UE0-00083-00019292-00019503 direct sales where I'm getting some nice
+55S83by2UE0-00084-00019504-00019837 like a really cool marketing pamphlet
+55S83by2UE0-00085-00019838-00019972 where you're adding value you're giving
+55S83by2UE0-00086-00019973-00020128 me something is not just like
+55S83by2UE0-00087-00020129-00020272 height but you're actually you're
+55S83by2UE0-00088-00020273-00020494 actually I'm benefiting from reading
+55S83by2UE0-00089-00020495-00020677 that it might be like a cold case study
+55S83by2UE0-00090-00020678-00020872 it might be like a small token of
+55S83by2UE0-00091-00020873-00021118 appreciation but the combination of the
+55S83by2UE0-00092-00021119-00021369 physicality to the digital will increase
+55S83by2UE0-00093-00021370-00021667 your ROI people are they're getting ad
+55S83by2UE0-00094-00021668-00021853 fatigue at the end of the day all ads
+55S83by2UE0-00095-00021854-00022093 become irrelevant we call this ad
+55S83by2UE0-00096-00022094-00022243 fatigue or you know the burnout of a
+55S83by2UE0-00097-00022244-00022513 funnel and so depending on the business
+55S83by2UE0-00098-00022514-00022630 you're in right now I think it's a
+55S83by2UE0-00099-00022631-00022819 massive opportunity like if you're in a
+55S83by2UE0-00100-00022820-00023044 major city go hire somebody right now
+55S83by2UE0-00101-00023045-00023328 you know they can wear gloves and you
+55S83by2UE0-00102-00023329-00023458 know obviously after this quarantine is
+55S83by2UE0-00103-00023459-00023655 done in a month or so make make a
+55S83by2UE0-00104-00023656-00023992 beautiful type of creative like a really
+55S83by2UE0-00105-00023993-00024147 nice creative dirt-cheap man like I
+55S83by2UE0-00106-00024148-00024297 think is so much low-hanging fruit right
+55S83by2UE0-00107-00024298-00024511 now business is any business you can get
+55S83by2UE0-00108-00024512-00024763 cheaper hire some kid you know out
+55S83by2UE0-00109-00024764-00024925 of out of high school pay him like hey
+55S83by2UE0-00110-00024926-00025134 here's ten bucks an hour cash go run
+55S83by2UE0-00111-00025135-00025516 around to these addresses and you I'm
+55S83by2UE0-00112-00025517-00025647 telling him and the returns are going to
+55S83by2UE0-00113-00025648-00025849 be incredible how a tracking code so
+55S83by2UE0-00114-00025850-00026025 within that different case within that
+55S83by2UE0-00115-00026026-00026320 direct response a letter you give them
+55S83by2UE0-00116-00026320-00026439 you want to have some type of tracking
+55S83by2UE0-00117-00026440-00026581 code for online so you tell them hey go
+55S83by2UE0-00118-00026582-00026658 online check the
+55S83by2UE0-00119-00026660-00026950 so use a code whatever you know 1 2 3 4
+55S83by2UE0-00120-00026951-00027157 and to get your discount order to get
+55S83by2UE0-00121-00027158-00027339 your prize or whatever an interesting
+55S83by2UE0-00122-00027341-00027508 interesting thing Toby who is the
+55S83by2UE0-00123-00027508-00027754 founder and CEO of Shopify said not too
+55S83by2UE0-00124-00027755-00028000 long ago or I would say beginning of q1
+55S83by2UE0-00125-00028001-00028354 last quarter they had more success with
+55S83by2UE0-00126-00028355-00028582 billboards in added digital think about
+55S83by2UE0-00127-00028583-00028858 that people are getting way too
+55S83by2UE0-00128-00028858-00029005 burnt out with digital they're getting
+55S83by2UE0-00129-00029006-00029173 bombarded every day they're gonna expect
+55S83by2UE0-00130-00029174-00029358 even me I'm getting spam calls you know
+55S83by2UE0-00131-00029360-00029548 obviously from Equifax ACK and
+55S83by2UE0-00132-00029549-00029611 all that
+55S83by2UE0-00133-00029612-00029806 and so people are just getting burnt out
+55S83by2UE0-00134-00029807-00029962 they don't want to see any digital stuff
+55S83by2UE0-00135-00029963-00030133 same old over and over again but
+55S83by2UE0-00136-00030133-00030367 think about that pattern interrupt where
+55S83by2UE0-00137-00030368-00030508 for once they're actually getting
+55S83by2UE0-00138-00030508-00030702 imagine you get a letter in the mail
+55S83by2UE0-00139-00030704-00030839 that's wax-sealed
+55S83by2UE0-00140-00030841-00031036 that has your name on it and a
+55S83by2UE0-00141-00031037-00031239 handwritten and like think about the
+55S83by2UE0-00142-00031241-00031464 impression that would leave on your new
+55S83by2UE0-00143-00031466-00031642 potential customer it would leave
+55S83by2UE0-00144-00031643-00031831 impression on me if I got a if I got a
+55S83by2UE0-00145-00031832-00031972 letter this wax-sealed
+55S83by2UE0-00146-00031973-00032185 and I open it up and I read it and it's
+55S83by2UE0-00147-00032186-00032377 not like some is actually
+55S83by2UE0-00148-00032377-00032626 adding value and really informative for
+55S83by2UE0-00149-00032627-00032857 me and there's a more a direct kind of
+55S83by2UE0-00150-00032858-00033112 tangible textile feeling this is where I
+55S83by2UE0-00151-00033113-00033265 think the future is going it's gonna be
+55S83by2UE0-00152-00033266-00033643 a hybrid of offline and online but right
+55S83by2UE0-00153-00033644-00033805 now is a massive opportunity cuz no
+55S83by2UE0-00154-00033806-00033991 one's doing it anymore nobody but I
+55S83by2UE0-00155-00033992-00034177 think the environment is set right now
+55S83by2UE0-00156-00034178-00034434 for direct response to come back
+55S83by2UE0-00157-00034435-00034741 physical advertisement to come back that
+55S83by2UE0-00158-00034742-00034993 in your costs of your cost of your eyes
+55S83by2UE0-00159-00034994-00035173 as they say your return on investment or
+55S83by2UE0-00160-00035174-00035362 return on adspend it's gonna be way
+55S83by2UE0-00161-00035363-00035530 cheaper actually what I like to do from
+55S83by2UE0-00162-00035531-00035668 here is hear your thoughts about this
+55S83by2UE0-00163-00035669-00035827 what's your experience with this leave a
+55S83by2UE0-00164-00035828-00035974 comment below this video don't forget to
+55S83by2UE0-00165-00035975-00036199 subscribe like it the notification bell
+55S83by2UE0-00166-00036200-00036589 and I'll talk to you guys soon peace out
+56p0QfWrdH4-00000-00000005-00000345 from the Aria Resort in Las Vegas it's
+56p0QfWrdH4-00001-00000346-00000801 the cube covering AWS marketplace
+56p0QfWrdH4-00002-00000802-00001437 brought to you by Amazon Web Services
+56p0QfWrdH4-00003-00001438-00001617 hey welcome back everybody Jeff Rick
+56p0QfWrdH4-00004-00001618-00001788 here with the cube we are at AWS
+56p0QfWrdH4-00005-00001789-00002091 reinvent 2018 wrapping up day one we're
+56p0QfWrdH4-00006-00002092-00002259 gonna do four days of coverage we have
+56p0QfWrdH4-00007-00002260-00002472 four sets three locations but we're
+56p0QfWrdH4-00008-00002473-00002616 kicking things off here at the AWS
+56p0QfWrdH4-00009-00002617-00002787 marketplace and Service Catalog event
+56p0QfWrdH4-00010-00002788-00003033 here at the Aria we were excited to be
+56p0QfWrdH4-00011-00003034-00003222 joined by our next guest first time on
+56p0QfWrdH4-00012-00003222-00003404 the cube but he's been working on the
+56p0QfWrdH4-00013-00003406-00003633 security stuff for a long time he's
+56p0QfWrdH4-00014-00003634-00003747 brand entrap and stealth
+56p0QfWrdH4-00015-00003747-00003911 he's the global director of system
+56p0QfWrdH4-00016-00003913-00004116 engineering for cyber art Brandon great
+56p0QfWrdH4-00017-00004117-00004272 CEO hey thank you very much glad to be
+56p0QfWrdH4-00018-00004273-00004428 here absolutely so we started the
+56p0QfWrdH4-00019-00004429-00004604 conversation first off let's just give
+56p0QfWrdH4-00020-00004605-00004770 us a quick overview cyber are for people
+56p0QfWrdH4-00021-00004771-00004869 that aren't familiar with the company
+56p0QfWrdH4-00022-00004870-00005061 definitely so cyber arc does privileged
+56p0QfWrdH4-00023-00005062-00005286 access security that is the vaulting
+56p0QfWrdH4-00024-00005287-00005445 rotation and management of incredibly
+56p0QfWrdH4-00025-00005446-00005637 powerful accounts both traditional ones
+56p0QfWrdH4-00026-00005638-00005883 say domain admin to ones that exist in a
+56p0QfWrdH4-00027-00005884-00006123 more ephemeral or cloud state access key
+56p0QfWrdH4-00028-00006124-00006297 secret key pairs root access into your
+56p0QfWrdH4-00029-00006298-00006497 console so our goal is to take those out
+56p0QfWrdH4-00030-00006498-00006674 of the minds of users out of those
+56p0QfWrdH4-00031-00006675-00006939 spreadsheets out of hard coded code
+56p0QfWrdH4-00032-00006940-00007120 stacks place them in a secure location
+56p0QfWrdH4-00033-00007122-00007362 rotate them and then provide secure
+56p0QfWrdH4-00034-00007363-00007584 access to people as well as non people -
+56p0QfWrdH4-00035-00007584-00007776 so you really segregate the privileged
+56p0QfWrdH4-00036-00007777-00008016 access as a very different category than
+56p0QfWrdH4-00037-00008017-00008298 just any regular user or kind of admin
+56p0QfWrdH4-00038-00008299-00008484 type of person absolutely the the focus
+56p0QfWrdH4-00039-00008485-00008694 is key when we look at the general
+56p0QfWrdH4-00040-00008695-00008909 spectrum of accounts in an organization
+56p0QfWrdH4-00041-00008910-00009053 yes you've got the lower ones that are
+56p0QfWrdH4-00042-00009054-00009327 identity driven attackers might use
+56p0QfWrdH4-00043-00009328-00009560 those to get in but really the the
+56p0QfWrdH4-00044-00009561-00009749 creamy nougaty Center or those
+56p0QfWrdH4-00045-00009750-00009948 high-value credentials that's what
+56p0QfWrdH4-00046-00009949-00010095 brings down organizations it's what we
+56p0QfWrdH4-00047-00010096-00010284 see kind of involved in breaches every
+56p0QfWrdH4-00048-00010285-00010463 single day so the focus there on those
+56p0QfWrdH4-00049-00010464-00010664 powerful ones is what gets us the most
+56p0QfWrdH4-00050-00010665-00010874 security posture increase with the least
+56p0QfWrdH4-00051-00010875-00010994 amount of effort it's interesting
+56p0QfWrdH4-00052-00010995-00011133 because I always think of security is
+56p0QfWrdH4-00053-00011134-00011280 kind of like insurance you know you
+56p0QfWrdH4-00054-00011281-00011598 can't you can't absolutely be a hundred
+56p0QfWrdH4-00055-00011599-00011852 percent positively I can't spend every
+56p0QfWrdH4-00056-00011853-00012038 nickel you have on security but you want
+56p0QfWrdH4-00057-00012039-00012219 to have a good ROI so what you're saying
+56p0QfWrdH4-00058-00012220-00012389 really is this is a really good ROI
+56p0QfWrdH4-00059-00012390-00012566 investment from your security investment
+56p0QfWrdH4-00060-00012567-00012749 because these are really the crown
+56p0QfWrdH4-00061-00012750-00012983 jewels that you need to protect first
+56p0QfWrdH4-00062-00012984-00013196 absolutely and like insurance we we
+56p0QfWrdH4-00063-00013197-00013363 often want to plan for the absolute
+56p0QfWrdH4-00064-00013365-00013571 worst to occur there have been breaches
+56p0QfWrdH4-00065-00013572-00013850 in the past where yes there were dollars
+56p0QfWrdH4-00066-00013851-00013972 that were spent on things like
+56p0QfWrdH4-00067-00013973-00014249 remediation but if you have a huge
+56p0QfWrdH4-00068-00014250-00014522 customer base even the postage alone to
+56p0QfWrdH4-00069-00014522-00014666 notify folks that you've had a
+56p0QfWrdH4-00070-00014666-00014900 compelling event tends to cost up into
+56p0QfWrdH4-00071-00014901-00015122 the seven figures never even thought of
+56p0QfWrdH4-00072-00015122-00015383 that it's not not not a trivial expense
+56p0QfWrdH4-00073-00015384-00015544 absolutely so he said you've been doing
+56p0QfWrdH4-00074-00015545-00015811 this for twenty years so a lot of change
+56p0QfWrdH4-00075-00015812-00016069 there was no AWS reinvent twenty years
+56p0QfWrdH4-00076-00016070-00016268 ago there was not cloud computing as we
+56p0QfWrdH4-00077-00016269-00016466 know it today so you know we'll talk
+56p0QfWrdH4-00078-00016467-00016613 about kind of the current state but I'd
+56p0QfWrdH4-00079-00016614-00016756 love to get more kind of your historical
+56p0QfWrdH4-00080-00016757-00016946 perspective you know being a security
+56p0QfWrdH4-00081-00016947-00017216 export how you know your challenges have
+56p0QfWrdH4-00082-00017217-00017441 changed as this kind of continual
+56p0QfWrdH4-00083-00017442-00017855 escalation of war accounting a strike
+56p0QfWrdH4-00084-00017856-00018025 Counter Strike I'm thinking of Mad Mad
+56p0QfWrdH4-00085-00018026-00018266 Magazine spy versus spy right has
+56p0QfWrdH4-00086-00018267-00018425 continued to escalate over these twenty
+56p0QfWrdH4-00087-00018426-00018778 years definitely so years and years ago
+56p0QfWrdH4-00088-00018779-00019040 organizations were very monolithic for
+56p0QfWrdH4-00089-00019041-00019211 both the application side as well as
+56p0QfWrdH4-00090-00019212-00019328 their more kind of human focused
+56p0QfWrdH4-00091-00019329-00019469 infrastructure right we had one or two
+56p0QfWrdH4-00092-00019470-00019766 domain controllers typically physical
+56p0QfWrdH4-00093-00019767-00019994 systems but what happened is the
+56p0QfWrdH4-00094-00019995-00020264 architecture broke down so ten years ago
+56p0QfWrdH4-00095-00020265-00020468 virtualization was the big thing right
+56p0QfWrdH4-00096-00020469-00020714 same types of accounts but more systems
+56p0QfWrdH4-00097-00020715-00020972 more automation flows so as we replaced
+56p0QfWrdH4-00098-00020973-00021211 humans with nonhumans what happened was
+56p0QfWrdH4-00099-00021212-00021518 more human users got over privileged
+56p0QfWrdH4-00100-00021519-00021637 right they were empowered to get their
+56p0QfWrdH4-00101-00021638-00021803 jobs done but we had more and more
+56p0QfWrdH4-00102-00021804-00022033 robots that began doing their work so
+56p0QfWrdH4-00103-00022034-00022237 one of the things that we saw was the
+56p0QfWrdH4-00104-00022238-00022424 breaking down of the application stack
+56p0QfWrdH4-00105-00022425-00022628 to the point where now you can spin up
+56p0QfWrdH4-00106-00022629-00022834 thousands of instances in a matter of
+56p0QfWrdH4-00107-00022835-00023053 clicks over a matter of seconds move
+56p0QfWrdH4-00108-00023054-00023237 that into a more micro services model
+56p0QfWrdH4-00109-00023238-00023492 and you now have tens of thousands of
+56p0QfWrdH4-00110-00023493-00023687 nodes that can exist in the blink of an
+56p0QfWrdH4-00111-00023688-00023942 eye all having the same type of access
+56p0QfWrdH4-00112-00023943-00024115 restrictions but just being far more
+56p0QfWrdH4-00113-00024116-00024322 distributed right and so many more
+56p0QfWrdH4-00114-00024323-00024466 attack surfaces with
+56p0QfWrdH4-00115-00024467-00024744 that's IOT and and you know all these
+56p0QfWrdH4-00116-00024745-00024964 things all over the place and so much
+56p0QfWrdH4-00117-00024965-00025228 more complex environment definitely and
+56p0QfWrdH4-00118-00025229-00025360 one of the things about all this
+56p0QfWrdH4-00119-00025361-00025519 beautiful automation and centralization
+56p0QfWrdH4-00120-00025520-00025762 that's occurring is that now attackers
+56p0QfWrdH4-00121-00025763-00025933 don't have to go through that same type
+56p0QfWrdH4-00122-00025933-00026097 of flow they used to right compromise an
+56p0QfWrdH4-00123-00026098-00026356 end user escalate privilege on a laptop
+56p0QfWrdH4-00124-00026357-00026614 for instance move laterally and continue
+56p0QfWrdH4-00125-00026614-00026905 to perform that dance now all it takes
+56p0QfWrdH4-00126-00026906-00027133 is one compromise into your cloud
+56p0QfWrdH4-00127-00027133-00027304 management console for instance and a
+56p0QfWrdH4-00128-00027305-00027523 lot of times such game over our attack
+56p0QfWrdH4-00129-00027524-00027787 error is also changing a little bit so
+56p0QfWrdH4-00130-00027788-00027952 I'm proud to say but I'm a millennial
+56p0QfWrdH4-00131-00027952-00028150 and the thing about Millennials is we
+56p0QfWrdH4-00132-00028151-00028383 tend to be very some would say lazy but
+56p0QfWrdH4-00133-00028385-00028558 I would say efficient and in how we
+56p0QfWrdH4-00134-00028558-00028833 perform tasks so for me performing that
+56p0QfWrdH4-00135-00028835-00029086 lateral movement versus one-stop shop
+56p0QfWrdH4-00136-00029087-00029283 for a publicly facing entity I want to
+56p0QfWrdH4-00137-00029285-00029452 choose the one top stop sure
+56p0QfWrdH4-00138-00029452-00029658 so one of the hot topics in today's
+56p0QfWrdH4-00139-00029660-00029848 world is our PA robotic process
+56p0QfWrdH4-00140-00029849-00030043 automation and we are at automation
+56p0QfWrdH4-00141-00030044-00030280 anywhere we are at the UI path show this
+56p0QfWrdH4-00142-00030281-00030454 year it's getting a lot of buzz both
+56p0QfWrdH4-00143-00030455-00030639 those companies have raised a ton of
+56p0QfWrdH4-00144-00030641-00030682 money
+56p0QfWrdH4-00145-00030683-00030990 hot-hot-hot space adds a whole new level
+56p0QfWrdH4-00146-00030991-00031288 of complexity and opportunity on the
+56p0QfWrdH4-00147-00031289-00031510 security side so how does posture people
+56p0QfWrdH4-00148-00031511-00031801 be thinking about our PA and security so
+56p0QfWrdH4-00149-00031802-00032052 when it comes to our PA one of the
+56p0QfWrdH4-00150-00032053-00032257 things that is simply par for the course
+56p0QfWrdH4-00151-00032258-00032449 is that in order for robots do their
+56p0QfWrdH4-00152-00032450-00032686 jobs to build this this automation the
+56p0QfWrdH4-00153-00032687-00032854 folks are looking for they've got to
+56p0QfWrdH4-00154-00032855-00033082 authenticate to stuff a lot of times
+56p0QfWrdH4-00155-00033083-00033262 we'll see that authentication happen as
+56p0QfWrdH4-00156-00033263-00033514 kind of an isolated secret that's stored
+56p0QfWrdH4-00157-00033515-00033715 say inside of automation anywhere for
+56p0QfWrdH4-00158-00033716-00033964 instance the goal there is well we can
+56p0QfWrdH4-00159-00033965-00034162 rotate it maybe but now we have to
+56p0QfWrdH4-00160-00034163-00034348 update it here and there and a number of
+56p0QfWrdH4-00161-00034349-00034540 other spots so one thing that we see is
+56p0QfWrdH4-00162-00034541-00034705 being a very prevalent theme
+56p0QfWrdH4-00163-00034706-00034912 let's find a centralized and secure
+56p0QfWrdH4-00164-00034913-00035083 source to manage them and allow the
+56p0QfWrdH4-00165-00035084-00035260 robotic process automation to
+56p0QfWrdH4-00166-00035261-00035412 authenticate securely to that entity
+56p0QfWrdH4-00167-00035413-00035710 pull the secrets as they need now we can
+56p0QfWrdH4-00168-00035711-00036012 rotate that as many as 110 to 12 times a
+56p0QfWrdH4-00169-00036013-00036240 day if we wanted to without our RP a
+56p0QfWrdH4-00170-00036241-00036502 missing of beads at cyber-ark we have
+56p0QfWrdH4-00171-00036503-00036676 what's called the C cubed Alliance where
+56p0QfWrdH4-00172-00036677-00036835 we brought together a number of our PA
+56p0QfWrdH4-00173-00036836-00036961 vendors all the ones that you mentioned
+56p0QfWrdH4-00174-00036962-00037225 as well as other automation platform
+56p0QfWrdH4-00175-00037226-00037420 security vendors - - where you don't
+56p0QfWrdH4-00176-00037421-00037600 have to do the work of integrating it's
+56p0QfWrdH4-00177-00037601-00037759 already there and it's been built and
+56p0QfWrdH4-00178-00037760-00037939 we're taking a huge direction from our
+56p0QfWrdH4-00179-00037940-00038146 customer base there to tell us what's
+56p0QfWrdH4-00180-00038147-00038317 hot what's new for them right then let
+56p0QfWrdH4-00181-00038318-00038506 us broker those conversations because
+56p0QfWrdH4-00182-00038507-00038787 though the robots are actually treated
+56p0QfWrdH4-00183-00038788-00038953 inside the system I believe is like a
+56p0QfWrdH4-00184-00038954-00039115 person right they say it's kind of like
+56p0QfWrdH4-00185-00039116-00039321 your own personal assistant so in terms
+56p0QfWrdH4-00186-00039322-00039499 of the identity and they access it's
+56p0QfWrdH4-00187-00039500-00039709 managed very much as if it was just a
+56p0QfWrdH4-00188-00039710-00039940 new hire for sure and if you look at it
+56p0QfWrdH4-00189-00039941-00040093 for instance using something like
+56p0QfWrdH4-00190-00040094-00040264 another automation platform like Jenkins
+56p0QfWrdH4-00191-00040265-00040528 Jenkins is personified by a butler
+56p0QfWrdH4-00192-00040529-00040768 Jenkins task is to go out and perform
+56p0QfWrdH4-00193-00040769-00040960 all these tasks for you but I'll submit
+56p0QfWrdH4-00194-00040961-00041143 to you if if I were to offer you pay
+56p0QfWrdH4-00195-00041144-00041371 Brandon you can come to my house vacuum
+56p0QfWrdH4-00196-00041372-00041548 my floor every Friday that sounds like a
+56p0QfWrdH4-00197-00041549-00041746 pretty good deal especially if it's open
+56p0QfWrdH4-00198-00041747-00041932 source if I do it for you for free but
+56p0QfWrdH4-00199-00041933-00042124 you encounter risk by giving me the keys
+56p0QfWrdH4-00200-00042125-00042321 to your house the same is true for those
+56p0QfWrdH4-00201-00042322-00042577 automation platforms a lot of times we
+56p0QfWrdH4-00202-00042578-00042937 we divorce that robot from a human so we
+56p0QfWrdH4-00203-00042938-00043132 don't do the same level of due diligence
+56p0QfWrdH4-00204-00043133-00043342 to give the robot an identity to
+56p0QfWrdH4-00205-00043343-00043555 instantiate least privilege it's one of
+56p0QfWrdH4-00206-00043556-00043744 the things we've seen be a very huge
+56p0QfWrdH4-00207-00043745-00043951 theme in successful customer deployments
+56p0QfWrdH4-00208-00043952-00044196 as well as automating their security -
+56p0QfWrdH4-00209-00044197-00044374 that's pretty well at least they're not
+56p0QfWrdH4-00210-00044375-00044518 going to give away the security when
+56p0QfWrdH4-00211-00044519-00044640 somebody calls up and says can you
+56p0QfWrdH4-00212-00044641-00044776 please give me the URL for the company
+56p0QfWrdH4-00213-00044777-00045082 picnic I can't I can't get in hopefully
+56p0QfWrdH4-00214-00045083-00045246 I didn't raid the robot States for that
+56p0QfWrdH4-00215-00045247-00045454 that question and let that that social
+56p0QfWrdH4-00216-00045455-00045621 engineering answer but is is there
+56p0QfWrdH4-00217-00045622-00045820 social engineering for RPAs there is
+56p0QfWrdH4-00218-00045821-00046077 when you look at our PA or even code
+56p0QfWrdH4-00219-00046078-00046296 that exists in public repositories one
+56p0QfWrdH4-00220-00046297-00046452 of the quickest attacks you can do is to
+56p0QfWrdH4-00221-00046453-00046714 pop on to github search for your secret
+56p0QfWrdH4-00222-00046715-00046930 of choice maybe it's Postgres maybe it's
+56p0QfWrdH4-00223-00046931-00047305 a vendor name underscore secret if you
+56p0QfWrdH4-00224-00047306-00047487 sort that code by recent commit
+56p0QfWrdH4-00225-00047488-00047677 you'll find people's hard coded secrets
+56p0QfWrdH4-00226-00047678-00047889 that exist inside of public repositories
+56p0QfWrdH4-00227-00047890-00048018 it's not because our developers are
+56p0QfWrdH4-00228-00048019-00048223 malicious it's because it wasn't top of
+56p0QfWrdH4-00229-00048224-00048370 mind for them they didn't have a more
+56p0QfWrdH4-00230-00048371-00048561 compelling solution right so that's one
+56p0QfWrdH4-00231-00048562-00048720 of the quickest attacks and I think
+56p0QfWrdH4-00232-00048721-00048924 that's social engineering but it could
+56p0QfWrdH4-00233-00048925-00049123 be as easy as compromising one of say
+56p0QfWrdH4-00234-00049124-00049345 your AWS administrators who happens to
+56p0QfWrdH4-00235-00049346-00049561 have a privileged key in a text file on
+56p0QfWrdH4-00236-00049562-00049792 his desktop same is also true there yeah
+56p0QfWrdH4-00237-00049793-00049998 right Brandon so we're here at the AWS
+56p0QfWrdH4-00238-00049999-00050254 marketplace experience share us a little
+56p0QfWrdH4-00239-00050255-00050448 bit about you know how you work with AWS
+56p0QfWrdH4-00240-00050449-00050655 marketplace and what's that meant for
+56p0QfWrdH4-00241-00050656-00050776 your company been around for twenty
+56p0QfWrdH4-00242-00050777-00050923 years so you didn't need them to get
+56p0QfWrdH4-00243-00050924-00051064 started but how are they helping you
+56p0QfWrdH4-00244-00051065-00051231 change your business so one of the
+56p0QfWrdH4-00245-00051232-00051438 things that has been very top of mind
+56p0QfWrdH4-00246-00051439-00051621 for us over the past couple of years is
+56p0QfWrdH4-00247-00051622-00051840 supporting the community in many cases
+56p0QfWrdH4-00248-00051841-00051990 folks will come to us with a project
+56p0QfWrdH4-00249-00051991-00052283 whether it be post breach mediation
+56p0QfWrdH4-00250-00052284-00052566 audit and compliance whatever it may be
+56p0QfWrdH4-00251-00052566-00052830 they have some indicator of moving
+56p0QfWrdH4-00252-00052832-00053110 forward a lot of times when developers
+56p0QfWrdH4-00253-00053111-00053280 are building out processes there may not
+56p0QfWrdH4-00254-00053282-00053550 be that driver from the business so the
+56p0QfWrdH4-00255-00053551-00053781 goal was we need to be able to support
+56p0QfWrdH4-00256-00053782-00053998 the community so provide open source
+56p0QfWrdH4-00257-00053999-00054213 secrets management and do so very
+56p0QfWrdH4-00258-00054214-00054351 quickly so there doesn't need to be a
+56p0QfWrdH4-00259-00054352-00054565 project or a red tape the AWS
+56p0QfWrdH4-00260-00054566-00054835 marketplace has helped us provide our
+56p0QfWrdH4-00261-00054836-00055036 open source solution in a beautifully
+56p0QfWrdH4-00262-00055037-00055249 deployed package to as many folks as
+56p0QfWrdH4-00263-00055250-00055488 possible so that at least they have some
+56p0QfWrdH4-00264-00055489-00055672 secure place to store those secrets
+56p0QfWrdH4-00265-00055673-00055842 without altering the way they do things
+56p0QfWrdH4-00266-00055844-00056019 they have to go outside of the
+56p0QfWrdH4-00267-00056020-00056175 marketplace flows that they're used to
+56p0QfWrdH4-00268-00056176-00056391 it's extra work and we never want
+56p0QfWrdH4-00269-00056392-00056773 security to be a constraint to building
+56p0QfWrdH4-00270-00056774-00057013 good quality automation development
+56p0QfWrdH4-00271-00057014-00057190 prices and how's Amazon been as a
+56p0QfWrdH4-00272-00057191-00057397 partner a lot of thought out there you
+56p0QfWrdH4-00273-00057398-00057582 know be careful they're gonna see what
+56p0QfWrdH4-00274-00057583-00057867 you do and and and copy it and you know
+56p0QfWrdH4-00275-00057869-00057991 knock you out of business how have they
+56p0QfWrdH4-00276-00057991-00058150 been working with this partner they've
+56p0QfWrdH4-00277-00058151-00058366 been fantastic highly supportive from
+56p0QfWrdH4-00278-00058366-00058542 both both the programmatic secrets
+56p0QfWrdH4-00279-00058544-00058753 management perspective but also in
+56p0QfWrdH4-00280-00058754-00058912 providing best practices for how to
+56p0QfWrdH4-00281-00058913-00059212 deploy our course stack into AWS how to
+56p0QfWrdH4-00282-00059213-00059469 handle things like auto scaling as well
+56p0QfWrdH4-00283-00059470-00059691 as providing some API is to extend our
+56p0QfWrdH4-00284-00059692-00059901 secrets management capability based on
+56p0QfWrdH4-00285-00059902-00060087 customer asks on both sides
+56p0QfWrdH4-00286-00060088-00060336 alright Brandon well thank you for for
+56p0QfWrdH4-00287-00060337-00060483 taking a few minutes I'm sure we're both
+56p0QfWrdH4-00288-00060484-00060704 gonna be dog tired and in a couple of
+56p0QfWrdH4-00289-00060705-00060900 days we can hope so uh so we started
+56p0QfWrdH4-00290-00060901-00061065 while we were fresh so appreciate your
+56p0QfWrdH4-00291-00061066-00061182 taking a few minutes and stopping by
+56p0QfWrdH4-00292-00061183-00061323 always a pleasure thank you again for
+56p0QfWrdH4-00293-00061324-00061454 the invite all right he's Brandon I'm
+56p0QfWrdH4-00294-00061455-00061578 Jeff you're watching the cube we're at
+56p0QfWrdH4-00295-00061579-00061884 AWS marketplace and service catalog
+56p0QfWrdH4-00296-00061885-00062097 experience here at the Aria thanks for
+56p0QfWrdH4-00297-00062098-00062388 watching see you next time
+58S3nNh1wzc-00000-00000200-00000366 hello and welcome to
+58S3nNh1wzc-00001-00000367-00000703 all who have joined us tonight
+58S3nNh1wzc-00002-00000704-00001095 tonight's webinar primary care
+58S3nNh1wzc-00003-00001096-00001407 older persons and mental health
+58S3nNh1wzc-00004-00001408-00001543 as well as the viewers who will be
+58S3nNh1wzc-00005-00001544-00001951 watching the recording later on
+58S3nNh1wzc-00006-00001952-00002134 i'd like to begin by acknowledging that
+58S3nNh1wzc-00007-00002135-00002295 we meet this evening
+58S3nNh1wzc-00008-00002296-00002655 on aboriginal land always was and always
+58S3nNh1wzc-00009-00002656-00002807 will be
+58S3nNh1wzc-00010-00002808-00003031 i pay my respects to first nations
+58S3nNh1wzc-00011-00003032-00003126 elders
+58S3nNh1wzc-00012-00003127-00003495 past present and emoji
+58S3nNh1wzc-00013-00003496-00003703 we have much to learn about respect for
+58S3nNh1wzc-00014-00003704-00003815 elders
+58S3nNh1wzc-00015-00003815-00004143 from aboriginal culture that has thrived
+58S3nNh1wzc-00016-00004144-00004495 for over 65 000 years
+58S3nNh1wzc-00017-00004496-00004686 i'd also like to acknowledge the elders
+58S3nNh1wzc-00018-00004687-00004879 of the many diverse cultures
+58S3nNh1wzc-00019-00004880-00005111 with whom we share this land and its
+58S3nNh1wzc-00020-00005112-00005415 water
+58S3nNh1wzc-00021-00005416-00005638 i'm here on gamma raygull country in
+58S3nNh1wzc-00022-00005639-00005799 northern sydney
+58S3nNh1wzc-00023-00005800-00005983 and for all of you out there around
+58S3nNh1wzc-00024-00005984-00006102 australia
+58S3nNh1wzc-00025-00006103-00006367 you might like to start practicing using
+58S3nNh1wzc-00026-00006368-00006478 the chat room
+58S3nNh1wzc-00027-00006479-00006775 to let others know where you are and
+58S3nNh1wzc-00028-00006776-00007083 where you're sitting around the fire
+58S3nNh1wzc-00029-00007084-00008151 tonight
+58S3nNh1wzc-00030-00008152-00008310 so in case you're still settling down
+58S3nNh1wzc-00031-00008311-00008542 with your refreshments i'll i'll read
+58S3nNh1wzc-00032-00008543-00008831 this slide out to you i won't read other
+58S3nNh1wzc-00033-00008832-00008959 ones
+58S3nNh1wzc-00034-00008960-00009167 this webinar is the result of a unique
+58S3nNh1wzc-00035-00009168-00009406 partnership between the 31
+58S3nNh1wzc-00036-00009407-00009663 australian primary health networks and
+58S3nNh1wzc-00037-00009664-00009927 the mental health professionals network
+58S3nNh1wzc-00038-00009928-00010199 it's the first of three webinars
+58S3nNh1wzc-00039-00010200-00010271 exploring
+58S3nNh1wzc-00040-00010272-00010614 older persons and mental health
+58S3nNh1wzc-00041-00010615-00010838 produced under this partnership and to
+58S3nNh1wzc-00042-00010839-00010951 be broadcast
+58S3nNh1wzc-00043-00010952-00011263 over the next 12 months
+58S3nNh1wzc-00044-00011264-00011503 through a facilitated case-based panel
+58S3nNh1wzc-00045-00011504-00011614 discussion
+58S3nNh1wzc-00046-00011615-00011835 each webinar will offer
+58S3nNh1wzc-00047-00011836-00012038 interdisciplinary insights
+58S3nNh1wzc-00048-00012039-00012263 into the complex interrelationship of
+58S3nNh1wzc-00049-00012264-00012510 aging-related health issues
+58S3nNh1wzc-00050-00012511-00012767 as well as the merits challenges and
+58S3nNh1wzc-00051-00012768-00012910 opportunities
+58S3nNh1wzc-00052-00012911-00013199 in providing collaborative care to older
+58S3nNh1wzc-00053-00013200-00013303 people
+58S3nNh1wzc-00054-00013304-00013783 grappling with age related health issues
+58S3nNh1wzc-00055-00013784-00014166 i'll be facilitating all three webinars
+58S3nNh1wzc-00056-00014168-00014494 but the panel and case study will change
+58S3nNh1wzc-00057-00014495-00014799 each time
+58S3nNh1wzc-00058-00014800-00015111 so again welcome my name is stephen
+58S3nNh1wzc-00059-00015112-00015415 ginsburg
+58S3nNh1wzc-00060-00015416-00015719 you may have read my bio but
+58S3nNh1wzc-00061-00015719-00016079 suffice it to say that
+58S3nNh1wzc-00062-00016080-00016407 i'm an old gp who's still passionate
+58S3nNh1wzc-00063-00016408-00016535 about compassionate
+58S3nNh1wzc-00064-00016536-00016883 care and i also work in primary health
+58S3nNh1wzc-00065-00016884-00017086 policy
+58S3nNh1wzc-00066-00017087-00017263 and to the issue of policy and the
+58S3nNh1wzc-00067-00017264-00017543 workforce in this area
+58S3nNh1wzc-00068-00017544-00017847 that we're in tonight it might interest
+58S3nNh1wzc-00069-00017848-00017983 you to know
+58S3nNh1wzc-00070-00017984-00018471 that 3195
+58S3nNh1wzc-00071-00018472-00018799 registered for tonight and i thought
+58S3nNh1wzc-00072-00018800-00019103 just for your interest i would tell you
+58S3nNh1wzc-00073-00019104-00019430 what the breakdown of that number is
+58S3nNh1wzc-00074-00019431-00019894 so roughly there are 770
+58S3nNh1wzc-00075-00019895-00020214 out of that 3 odd 3 000 are
+58S3nNh1wzc-00076-00020215-00020355 psychologists
+58S3nNh1wzc-00077-00020356-00020807 520 social workers 245
+58S3nNh1wzc-00078-00020808-00021214 are nurses 240 are mental health
+58S3nNh1wzc-00079-00021215-00021627 nurses workers 250 councillors and
+58S3nNh1wzc-00080-00021628-00021791 psychotherapists
+58S3nNh1wzc-00081-00021792-00022130 200 occupational therapists
+58S3nNh1wzc-00082-00022131-00022419 160 gps
+58S3nNh1wzc-00083-00022420-00022903 130 students psychology and social work
+58S3nNh1wzc-00084-00022904-00023207 30 psychiatrists and two
+58S3nNh1wzc-00085-00023208-00023711 three geriatricians
+58S3nNh1wzc-00086-00023712-00024030 now your voice out there all of you
+58S3nNh1wzc-00087-00024031-00024303 and the experience that you bring are
+58S3nNh1wzc-00088-00024304-00024399 important
+58S3nNh1wzc-00089-00024400-00024694 to fully bring this webinar alive
+58S3nNh1wzc-00090-00024695-00025007 because you're all muted
+58S3nNh1wzc-00091-00025008-00025191 i want to know you're there we all want
+58S3nNh1wzc-00092-00025192-00025350 to know you're there
+58S3nNh1wzc-00093-00025351-00025734 and we will collate your comments
+58S3nNh1wzc-00094-00025735-00026150 to help plan this webinar
+58S3nNh1wzc-00095-00026151-00026383 another sorry to plan the next webinars
+58S3nNh1wzc-00096-00026383-00026495 and to feedback
+58S3nNh1wzc-00097-00026495-00026862 to the phn and you might like as i say
+58S3nNh1wzc-00098-00026863-00026990 to let us know
+58S3nNh1wzc-00099-00026991-00027189 what country you're on
+58S3nNh1wzc-00100-00027191-00027343 [Music]
+58S3nNh1wzc-00101-00027344-00027702 so without further ado
+58S3nNh1wzc-00102-00027704-00028070 on to our elder of the night virginia
+58S3nNh1wzc-00103-00028072-00028374 and uh i know when i've been
+58S3nNh1wzc-00104-00028375-00028631 uh going on a webinar or a lecture
+58S3nNh1wzc-00105-00028632-00028807 sometimes i don't read
+58S3nNh1wzc-00106-00028808-00029190 the supporting documentation but
+58S3nNh1wzc-00107-00029191-00029487 uh if you have all the better so
+58S3nNh1wzc-00108-00029488-00029679 virginia
+58S3nNh1wzc-00109-00029680-00029999 may be now a little familiar to you
+58S3nNh1wzc-00110-00030000-00030311 briefly she's a 78 year old woman who
+58S3nNh1wzc-00111-00030312-00030487 has a range of physical and mental
+58S3nNh1wzc-00112-00030488-00030662 health issues
+58S3nNh1wzc-00113-00030663-00030911 and we've created a story to give scope
+58S3nNh1wzc-00114-00030912-00031095 to the panelists
+58S3nNh1wzc-00115-00031095-00031527 to discuss the fees of this webinar
+58S3nNh1wzc-00116-00031527-00031702 and i'm sure that many of you will have
+58S3nNh1wzc-00117-00031703-00032007 ideas of how you would help virginia
+58S3nNh1wzc-00118-00032008-00032279 so please don't hesitate to share these
+58S3nNh1wzc-00119-00032280-00032367 ideas
+58S3nNh1wzc-00120-00032368-00032767 in the chat box as i say it will make
+58S3nNh1wzc-00121-00032768-00033087 this evening have more
+58S3nNh1wzc-00122-00033088-00033390 relevance when we put some of these
+58S3nNh1wzc-00123-00033391-00033639 ideas together
+58S3nNh1wzc-00124-00033640-00034039 and hear how people are
+58S3nNh1wzc-00125-00034040-00034343 dealing with situations
+58S3nNh1wzc-00126-00034344-00034695 such as virginia is
+58S3nNh1wzc-00127-00034696-00035174 offering us that's the webinar platform
+58S3nNh1wzc-00128-00035175-00035511 for the chat box and here are the
+58S3nNh1wzc-00129-00035512-00035695 learning outcomes which i think you
+58S3nNh1wzc-00130-00035696-00035895 probably got sent around so i'll leave
+58S3nNh1wzc-00131-00035896-00036311 them up just for a moment
+58S3nNh1wzc-00132-00036312-00036623 i've i've marked those
+58S3nNh1wzc-00133-00036624-00036911 feedback comments and often
+58S3nNh1wzc-00134-00036912-00037079 unfortunately
+58S3nNh1wzc-00135-00037080-00037302 what we put as the learning outcomes
+58S3nNh1wzc-00136-00037303-00037462 aren't always achieved to everyone's
+58S3nNh1wzc-00137-00037463-00037679 satisfaction but i hope
+58S3nNh1wzc-00138-00037680-00037999 i hope tonight will go some way
+58S3nNh1wzc-00139-00038000-00038399 to meeting these learning outcomes
+58S3nNh1wzc-00140-00038400-00038823 so without further ado
+58S3nNh1wzc-00141-00038824-00039255 um i'm going to hand you over
+58S3nNh1wzc-00142-00039256-00039583 to our panelists they've they
+58S3nNh1wzc-00143-00039584-00039751 and i have already had a chat about
+58S3nNh1wzc-00144-00039752-00039887 virginia
+58S3nNh1wzc-00145-00039888-00040102 they'll each give us about a five minute
+58S3nNh1wzc-00146-00040103-00040223 introduction
+58S3nNh1wzc-00147-00040224-00040527 to their approach to virginia's care and
+58S3nNh1wzc-00148-00040528-00040727 then we'll be into the discussion
+58S3nNh1wzc-00149-00040728-00041215 section of the evening so first of all
+58S3nNh1wzc-00150-00041216-00041518 hello sue hello sue curl who may be
+58S3nNh1wzc-00151-00041519-00041711 familiar to you all from
+58S3nNh1wzc-00152-00041712-00042046 her excellent abc series old people's
+58S3nNh1wzc-00153-00042047-00042255 home for four-year-olds
+58S3nNh1wzc-00154-00042256-00042455 and two will start us off with a
+58S3nNh1wzc-00155-00042456-00042671 geriatrician's viewpoint
+58S3nNh1wzc-00156-00042672-00043167 thanks sue thanks steven
+58S3nNh1wzc-00157-00043168-00043527 um i've got three slides
+58S3nNh1wzc-00158-00043528-00043802 and i think they're kind of
+58S3nNh1wzc-00159-00043803-00043958 self-explanatory
+58S3nNh1wzc-00160-00043959-00044227 um i did want to make it clear what
+58S3nNh1wzc-00161-00044228-00044462 geriatricians do
+58S3nNh1wzc-00162-00044463-00044671 and it's interesting there's three
+58S3nNh1wzc-00163-00044672-00044783 who've registered
+58S3nNh1wzc-00164-00044784-00045007 so obviously we're in a very tiny
+58S3nNh1wzc-00165-00045008-00045239 minority tonight
+58S3nNh1wzc-00166-00045240-00045583 but generally geriatricians
+58S3nNh1wzc-00167-00045584-00045974 are generalists in old age i guess
+58S3nNh1wzc-00168-00045975-00046279 we're not organ specific
+58S3nNh1wzc-00169-00046280-00046511 and while we see a lot of older people
+58S3nNh1wzc-00170-00046512-00046623 with diseases
+58S3nNh1wzc-00171-00046624-00046999 of aging we also see younger people with
+58S3nNh1wzc-00172-00047000-00047215 diseases associated with aging such as
+58S3nNh1wzc-00173-00047216-00047351 dementia parkinson's
+58S3nNh1wzc-00174-00047352-00047686 disease and stroke i would have to say
+58S3nNh1wzc-00175-00047687-00047911 geriatricians tend to look very broadly
+58S3nNh1wzc-00176-00047912-00048127 at their patients
+58S3nNh1wzc-00177-00048128-00048239 obviously we're going to look at the
+58S3nNh1wzc-00178-00048240-00048446 medical side of things what you know
+58S3nNh1wzc-00179-00048447-00048790 the medications but very much cognition
+58S3nNh1wzc-00180-00048791-00049055 and mood although i will be leaving that
+58S3nNh1wzc-00181-00049056-00049311 a lot of that to my colleagues
+58S3nNh1wzc-00182-00049312-00049590 rod and chris tonight we look very much
+58S3nNh1wzc-00183-00049591-00049830 at mobility and function because that
+58S3nNh1wzc-00184-00049831-00049951 impacts so
+58S3nNh1wzc-00185-00049952-00050199 importantly on how people manage day to
+58S3nNh1wzc-00186-00050200-00050279 day
+58S3nNh1wzc-00187-00050280-00050615 so i will always make sure i get people
+58S3nNh1wzc-00188-00050616-00050790 doing sit to stand and
+58S3nNh1wzc-00189-00050791-00051062 a bit of balance stuff to see can they
+58S3nNh1wzc-00190-00051063-00051246 actually manage steps
+58S3nNh1wzc-00191-00051247-00051542 um we also look at the social situation
+58S3nNh1wzc-00192-00051544-00051750 you know have they got family
+58S3nNh1wzc-00193-00051751-00052135 um do they have children grandchildren
+58S3nNh1wzc-00194-00052136-00052335 where do they live are they in their own
+58S3nNh1wzc-00195-00052336-00052487 home or are they in
+58S3nNh1wzc-00196-00052488-00052815 rented accommodation or is it
+58S3nNh1wzc-00197-00052816-00053047 a housing department you know what are
+58S3nNh1wzc-00198-00053048-00053142 their finances
+58S3nNh1wzc-00199-00053144-00053359 that can be incredibly important in this
+58S3nNh1wzc-00200-00053360-00053447 day and age
+58S3nNh1wzc-00201-00053448-00053599 are they on the pension so they have a
+58S3nNh1wzc-00202-00053600-00053766 health care card
+58S3nNh1wzc-00203-00053767-00054030 or are they self-funded retirees who are
+58S3nNh1wzc-00204-00054032-00054279 really doing it hard at the present time
+58S3nNh1wzc-00205-00054279-00054511 and we also look very much at what i
+58S3nNh1wzc-00206-00054512-00054703 call legal issues also maybe
+58S3nNh1wzc-00207-00054704-00054982 you'd call it advanced advanced care
+58S3nNh1wzc-00208-00054983-00055071 planning
+58S3nNh1wzc-00209-00055072-00055238 um have people done enduring
+58S3nNh1wzc-00210-00055239-00055447 guardianship and power of attorney
+58S3nNh1wzc-00211-00055448-00055679 um are they still driving do they do
+58S3nNh1wzc-00212-00055679-00055815 they understand
+58S3nNh1wzc-00213-00055816-00056063 some of the obligations around
+58S3nNh1wzc-00214-00056064-00056254 continuing to drive
+58S3nNh1wzc-00215-00056255-00056566 so you know where i i really have to say
+58S3nNh1wzc-00216-00056567-00056735 we're generalized which what
+58S3nNh1wzc-00217-00056736-00057054 is what makes geriatrics so interesting
+58S3nNh1wzc-00218-00057055-00057287 um we do what's called a comprehensive
+58S3nNh1wzc-00219-00057288-00057479 geriatric assessment or at least we hope
+58S3nNh1wzc-00220-00057479-00057615 it's comprehensive
+58S3nNh1wzc-00221-00057616-00057854 we then try and work out a care plan
+58S3nNh1wzc-00222-00057855-00057966 with the patient
+58S3nNh1wzc-00223-00057967-00058207 and their family and i would have to say
+58S3nNh1wzc-00224-00058208-00058287 that i
+58S3nNh1wzc-00225-00058288-00058519 usually see patients with their family
+58S3nNh1wzc-00226-00058520-00058591 members
+58S3nNh1wzc-00227-00058591-00058807 sometimes a little while on their own
+58S3nNh1wzc-00228-00058808-00059007 but i usually have three or four chairs
+58S3nNh1wzc-00229-00059008-00059215 in my clinic room and even in this day
+58S3nNh1wzc-00230-00059216-00059382 of social distancing
+58S3nNh1wzc-00231-00059383-00059647 um we managed to fit usually at least
+58S3nNh1wzc-00232-00059648-00059823 three family members in
+58S3nNh1wzc-00233-00059824-00060150 so they hear what is being said and
+58S3nNh1wzc-00234-00060151-00060463 they um they they
+58S3nNh1wzc-00235-00060464-00060719 feed into what we're doing and it's very
+58S3nNh1wzc-00236-00060720-00060935 interesting to watch their body language
+58S3nNh1wzc-00237-00060936-00061150 when you are talking to the old person
+58S3nNh1wzc-00238-00061151-00061294 who is the patient
+58S3nNh1wzc-00239-00061295-00061463 and they tell you what they can do and
+58S3nNh1wzc-00240-00061464-00061630 then you see the family's body language
+58S3nNh1wzc-00241-00061632-00061806 telling you very clearly that maybe
+58S3nNh1wzc-00242-00061807-00062094 they can't do it in the way that they're
+58S3nNh1wzc-00243-00062095-00062230 describing to you
+58S3nNh1wzc-00244-00062232-00062454 um so having the family involved is
+58S3nNh1wzc-00245-00062455-00062535 incredibly
+58S3nNh1wzc-00246-00062536-00062719 important but we have to make sure that
+58S3nNh1wzc-00247-00062720-00062982 there's not an abuse situation going on
+58S3nNh1wzc-00248-00062983-00063159 and some of the other issues that that
+58S3nNh1wzc-00249-00063160-00063375 can occur with older people
+58S3nNh1wzc-00250-00063376-00063703 once we've got that um care plan it's
+58S3nNh1wzc-00251-00063704-00063887 working on it with the gp
+58S3nNh1wzc-00252-00063888-00064111 and as it's usually the gp that's made
+58S3nNh1wzc-00253-00064112-00064223 the referral
+58S3nNh1wzc-00254-00064224-00064438 um they're integral to what we're going
+58S3nNh1wzc-00255-00064439-00064542 to go from there
+58S3nNh1wzc-00256-00064544-00064806 and do from there and then we look at
+58S3nNh1wzc-00257-00064807-00064950 where referrals
+58S3nNh1wzc-00258-00064951-00065215 what does what does that person need now
+58S3nNh1wzc-00259-00065216-00065350 in terms of
+58S3nNh1wzc-00260-00065351-00065687 assistance with um with more diagnosis
+58S3nNh1wzc-00261-00065688-00065887 with management with counselling
+58S3nNh1wzc-00262-00065888-00066159 whatever i think it's also really
+58S3nNh1wzc-00263-00066160-00066311 important to organize a follow-up
+58S3nNh1wzc-00264-00066312-00066535 appointment to see whether
+58S3nNh1wzc-00265-00066536-00066726 the patient has actually done anything
+58S3nNh1wzc-00266-00066727-00066926 at all have they actually accepted what
+58S3nNh1wzc-00267-00066927-00067111 we talked about do they even remember
+58S3nNh1wzc-00268-00067112-00067287 what we talked about
+58S3nNh1wzc-00269-00067288-00067471 have they started what we might have
+58S3nNh1wzc-00270-00067472-00067687 suggested whether it's a change in
+58S3nNh1wzc-00271-00067688-00067967 medication or maybe an exercise program
+58S3nNh1wzc-00272-00067968-00068055 or
+58S3nNh1wzc-00273-00068056-00068343 um getting out a little more whatever
+58S3nNh1wzc-00274-00068344-00068463 we've recommended
+58S3nNh1wzc-00275-00068464-00068647 it's really important to see have
+58S3nNh1wzc-00276-00068648-00068855 actually accepted that and then are they
+58S3nNh1wzc-00277-00068856-00068959 doing it
+58S3nNh1wzc-00278-00068960-00069279 um and i just this last point is i work
+58S3nNh1wzc-00279-00069280-00069438 in the public hospital system so i'm
+58S3nNh1wzc-00280-00069439-00069615 really lucky i do have access
+58S3nNh1wzc-00281-00069616-00069871 to other specialties into allied health
+58S3nNh1wzc-00282-00069872-00070111 and i work relatively closely with the
+58S3nNh1wzc-00283-00070112-00070206 age care assessment
+58S3nNh1wzc-00284-00070207-00070367 team also that's quite a bit harder
+58S3nNh1wzc-00285-00070368-00070526 recently with my aged
+58S3nNh1wzc-00286-00070527-00070791 care but a number of my colleagues work
+58S3nNh1wzc-00287-00070792-00070950 privately
+58S3nNh1wzc-00288-00070951-00071182 so there may be some costs associated
+58S3nNh1wzc-00289-00071183-00071311 with going to see them
+58S3nNh1wzc-00290-00071312-00071647 and they may use more private
+58S3nNh1wzc-00291-00071648-00071959 referrals so again finance
+58S3nNh1wzc-00292-00071960-00072135 knowing the financial state of the
+58S3nNh1wzc-00293-00072136-00072311 patient is important
+58S3nNh1wzc-00294-00072312-00072615 um so just my first thoughts
+58S3nNh1wzc-00295-00072616-00072903 on virginia and i have to say after
+58S3nNh1wzc-00296-00072904-00072999 reading her two or three
+58S3nNh1wzc-00297-00073000-00073279 times and thinking about it it really
+58S3nNh1wzc-00298-00073280-00073567 she is a bit of a heart sync patient for
+58S3nNh1wzc-00299-00073568-00073655 me
+58S3nNh1wzc-00300-00073656-00073991 um with with everything that that has
+58S3nNh1wzc-00301-00073992-00074199 been tried by the gp
+58S3nNh1wzc-00302-00074200-00074479 but my questions would be you know
+58S3nNh1wzc-00303-00074480-00074726 what's the gp hoping to achieve
+58S3nNh1wzc-00304-00074727-00074967 with the referral you know what isn't
+58S3nNh1wzc-00305-00074968-00075038 being said
+58S3nNh1wzc-00306-00075039-00075271 in the referral letter uh and i think
+58S3nNh1wzc-00307-00075272-00075391 that's always important
+58S3nNh1wzc-00308-00075392-00075662 and if i know the gp or even if i don't
+58S3nNh1wzc-00309-00075663-00075838 know the gp i will often give them a
+58S3nNh1wzc-00310-00075839-00075879 ring
+58S3nNh1wzc-00311-00075880-00076143 and say what is it you think we might be
+58S3nNh1wzc-00312-00076144-00076367 able to do
+58S3nNh1wzc-00313-00076368-00076615 that that you can't do what can we add
+58S3nNh1wzc-00314-00076616-00076791 to your management
+58S3nNh1wzc-00315-00076792-00077071 um so that's a general thought but
+58S3nNh1wzc-00316-00077072-00077215 particularly with virginia
+58S3nNh1wzc-00317-00077216-00077543 how why has she changed from being a
+58S3nNh1wzc-00318-00077544-00077767 vivacious active woman at a younger age
+58S3nNh1wzc-00319-00077768-00077831 to
+58S3nNh1wzc-00320-00077832-00078119 an unoccupied inactive older woman as
+58S3nNh1wzc-00321-00078120-00078238 she's described
+58S3nNh1wzc-00322-00078239-00078399 what's happened in between and i think
+58S3nNh1wzc-00323-00078400-00078599 we've got an amazing list of things that
+58S3nNh1wzc-00324-00078600-00078871 have clearly there's a lot of losses
+58S3nNh1wzc-00325-00078872-00078911 with
+58S3nNh1wzc-00326-00078912-00079111 um and i'm sure you all got the
+58S3nNh1wzc-00327-00079112-00079311 termination of pregnancy when she was
+58S3nNh1wzc-00328-00079312-00079694 um when she was um at school
+58S3nNh1wzc-00329-00079695-00079862 and then all the other losses and i
+58S3nNh1wzc-00330-00079863-00079999 think we'll we'll do
+58S3nNh1wzc-00331-00080000-00080223 more we'll learn more about that and how
+58S3nNh1wzc-00332-00080224-00080359 we manage them
+58S3nNh1wzc-00333-00080360-00080582 for me particularly it's looking at her
+58S3nNh1wzc-00334-00080583-00080687 physical state
+58S3nNh1wzc-00335-00080688-00081006 how can we motivate her um
+58S3nNh1wzc-00336-00081007-00081262 with her being overweight um having
+58S3nNh1wzc-00337-00081263-00081343 arthritis
+58S3nNh1wzc-00338-00081344-00081679 they're obviously um um linked
+58S3nNh1wzc-00339-00081680-00081918 um she may be frail you know if she may
+58S3nNh1wzc-00340-00081919-00082135 be overweight but she can still be frail
+58S3nNh1wzc-00341-00082136-00082303 which means she can't climb a flight of
+58S3nNh1wzc-00342-00082304-00082471 stairs easily we know that
+58S3nNh1wzc-00343-00082472-00082815 from the notes and i also wonder what
+58S3nNh1wzc-00344-00082816-00082991 her cognition's doing she's almost
+58S3nNh1wzc-00345-00082992-00083271 80 at 18. one in four people have
+58S3nNh1wzc-00346-00083272-00083375 dementia
+58S3nNh1wzc-00347-00083376-00083550 um she's certainly got risk factors
+58S3nNh1wzc-00348-00083551-00083743 multiple risk factors of
+58S3nNh1wzc-00349-00083744-00084055 dementia with her lack of exercise
+58S3nNh1wzc-00350-00084056-00084287 in a way her early retirement but her
+58S3nNh1wzc-00351-00084288-00084503 heart disease her smoking
+58S3nNh1wzc-00352-00084504-00084743 um you know there are a number of things
+58S3nNh1wzc-00353-00084744-00084887 there we've got to think about
+58S3nNh1wzc-00354-00084888-00085231 so that's my take on virginia as a
+58S3nNh1wzc-00355-00085232-00085535 start and i think now i'll hand over to
+58S3nNh1wzc-00356-00085536-00085894 rod thanks rod or back to steven maybe
+58S3nNh1wzc-00357-00085895-00086103 yep you can serve it back to me thanks
+58S3nNh1wzc-00358-00086104-00086238 very much sue
+58S3nNh1wzc-00359-00086239-00086487 um it's nice to know i fit into your
+58S3nNh1wzc-00360-00086488-00086606 over 70s
+58S3nNh1wzc-00361-00086607-00086903 demographics very reassuring especially
+58S3nNh1wzc-00362-00086904-00087182 as you work locally
+58S3nNh1wzc-00363-00087183-00087399 and i hope you can inspire more doctors
+58S3nNh1wzc-00364-00087400-00087511 to take up an interest
+58S3nNh1wzc-00365-00087512-00087847 in in geriatric medicine because we know
+58S3nNh1wzc-00366-00087848-00088350 what is ahead of us in terms of uh
+58S3nNh1wzc-00367-00088351-00088606 the numbers people who will need your
+58S3nNh1wzc-00368-00088607-00088750 skills
+58S3nNh1wzc-00369-00088751-00089111 so uh hello out there rod
+58S3nNh1wzc-00370-00089112-00089479 um rod mckay who will bring
+58S3nNh1wzc-00371-00089480-00089743 his wealth of experience and share his
+58S3nNh1wzc-00372-00089744-00089959 deep interest in old persons care
+58S3nNh1wzc-00373-00089960-00090238 from a psychiatrist's perspective so
+58S3nNh1wzc-00374-00090239-00090535 thank you rode
+58S3nNh1wzc-00375-00090536-00090775 thank you very much and i would like to
+58S3nNh1wzc-00376-00090776-00090894 acknowledge
+58S3nNh1wzc-00377-00090895-00091191 the derral speaking people of the lands
+58S3nNh1wzc-00378-00091192-00091359 where i'm presenting from
+58S3nNh1wzc-00379-00091360-00091575 um and pay respects to the elders past
+58S3nNh1wzc-00380-00091576-00091750 and present the royal
+58S3nNh1wzc-00381-00091751-00092135 nation i would then like to acknowledge
+58S3nNh1wzc-00382-00092136-00092311 that this is my perspective
+58S3nNh1wzc-00383-00092312-00092494 as an old age psychiatrist of how i
+58S3nNh1wzc-00384-00092495-00092694 would approach virginia
+58S3nNh1wzc-00385-00092695-00092879 and there's no doubt that um
+58S3nNh1wzc-00386-00092880-00093015 psychiatrists can have different
+58S3nNh1wzc-00387-00093016-00093094 approaches
+58S3nNh1wzc-00388-00093095-00093335 although at the center hopefully there's
+58S3nNh1wzc-00389-00093336-00093487 some core things
+58S3nNh1wzc-00390-00093488-00093903 in common but my perspective has been
+58S3nNh1wzc-00391-00093904-00094094 influenced by the fact that
+58S3nNh1wzc-00392-00094095-00094343 older people who i focus on who i guess
+58S3nNh1wzc-00393-00094344-00094574 i love working with
+58S3nNh1wzc-00394-00094575-00094903 and it was interesting when sue said
+58S3nNh1wzc-00395-00094904-00095103 that virginia would feel like
+58S3nNh1wzc-00396-00095104-00095335 a heart seeing patient in many ways
+58S3nNh1wzc-00397-00095336-00095462 particularly
+58S3nNh1wzc-00398-00095463-00095815 um when i do my rural work virginia is
+58S3nNh1wzc-00399-00095816-00096159 almost my bread and butter um and
+58S3nNh1wzc-00400-00096160-00096311 in many ways i actually would look
+58S3nNh1wzc-00401-00096312-00096518 forward to working with virginia
+58S3nNh1wzc-00402-00096519-00096711 and the reason for that is is because
+58S3nNh1wzc-00403-00096712-00096943 often um
+58S3nNh1wzc-00404-00096944-00097111 the reason i've been asked to see
+58S3nNh1wzc-00405-00097112-00097343 virginia is because other people
+58S3nNh1wzc-00406-00097344-00097591 um are really having difficulty with
+58S3nNh1wzc-00407-00097592-00097718 that engagement and
+58S3nNh1wzc-00408-00097719-00097918 and as who said how do you motivate how
+58S3nNh1wzc-00409-00097919-00098079 do you understand
+58S3nNh1wzc-00410-00098080-00098294 and so that really is the start for each
+58S3nNh1wzc-00411-00098295-00098535 person i see is really how do you engage
+58S3nNh1wzc-00412-00098536-00098711 with the person who know them
+58S3nNh1wzc-00413-00098712-00098967 how do you know their context then
+58S3nNh1wzc-00414-00098968-00099015 assess
+58S3nNh1wzc-00415-00099016-00099247 if there is illness in terms of mental
+58S3nNh1wzc-00416-00099248-00099431 illness you're considering
+58S3nNh1wzc-00417-00099432-00099703 um or is it broader issues that need a
+58S3nNh1wzc-00418-00099704-00099855 better conceptualization of what's
+58S3nNh1wzc-00419-00099856-00100055 happening virginia virginia
+58S3nNh1wzc-00420-00100056-00100262 and they make a plan that is often for
+58S3nNh1wzc-00421-00100263-00100399 others to enact
+58S3nNh1wzc-00422-00100400-00100671 uh rather than me having the largest
+58S3nNh1wzc-00423-00100672-00100735 part
+58S3nNh1wzc-00424-00100736-00101015 we'll come briefly to that as i um go
+58S3nNh1wzc-00425-00101016-00101215 through
+58S3nNh1wzc-00426-00101216-00101462 and the way i think about the older
+58S3nNh1wzc-00427-00101463-00101550 person
+58S3nNh1wzc-00428-00101551-00101806 i guess is both influenced and then
+58S3nNh1wzc-00429-00101807-00102023 influenced by
+58S3nNh1wzc-00430-00102024-00102191 work we've done in new south wales
+58S3nNh1wzc-00431-00102192-00102326 thinking about actually
+58S3nNh1wzc-00432-00102327-00102518 what do older people want from mental
+58S3nNh1wzc-00433-00102519-00102686 health services and in this case from
+58S3nNh1wzc-00434-00102688-00102958 public services but i think the concepts
+58S3nNh1wzc-00435-00102959-00103230 apply across all settings and i think
+58S3nNh1wzc-00436-00103231-00103390 the key thing there is is
+58S3nNh1wzc-00437-00103391-00103606 older people have had a really rich and
+58S3nNh1wzc-00438-00103607-00103718 incoherent
+58S3nNh1wzc-00439-00103719-00104023 life as virginia clearly has
+58S3nNh1wzc-00440-00104024-00104263 um and we need to understand that and
+58S3nNh1wzc-00441-00104264-00104463 understand that coming in as any one
+58S3nNh1wzc-00442-00104464-00104582 professional
+58S3nNh1wzc-00443-00104583-00104782 we've only got a fairly small and
+58S3nNh1wzc-00444-00104783-00104958 focused role
+58S3nNh1wzc-00445-00104959-00105223 in trying to assist virginia but we do
+58S3nNh1wzc-00446-00105224-00105407 need to understand
+58S3nNh1wzc-00447-00105408-00105678 all those other domains of her life
+58S3nNh1wzc-00448-00105679-00105799 what's important
+58S3nNh1wzc-00449-00105800-00106215 in them for her who else is helping her
+58S3nNh1wzc-00450-00106216-00106447 how does she want us to work with them
+58S3nNh1wzc-00451-00106448-00106654 or not work with them so
+58S3nNh1wzc-00452-00106655-00106927 one person or one person in a team but
+58S3nNh1wzc-00453-00106928-00107119 needing to work with others
+58S3nNh1wzc-00454-00107120-00107278 and one thing i've been wanting to do in
+58S3nNh1wzc-00455-00107279-00107486 my very first
+58S3nNh1wzc-00456-00107488-00107678 contact with virginia and hopefully
+58S3nNh1wzc-00457-00107679-00107886 before i get to see virginia
+58S3nNh1wzc-00458-00107888-00108119 you get an idea of who else is involved
+58S3nNh1wzc-00459-00108120-00108215 because
+58S3nNh1wzc-00460-00108216-00108590 um a variety of perspectives
+58S3nNh1wzc-00461-00108591-00108815 are useful but perspectives that are
+58S3nNh1wzc-00462-00108816-00109007 pulling against each other are not going
+58S3nNh1wzc-00463-00109008-00109310 to help virginia
+58S3nNh1wzc-00464-00109311-00109678 um so as i think i said often the reason
+58S3nNh1wzc-00465-00109679-00109839 i'm asked to see something like virginia
+58S3nNh1wzc-00466-00109840-00109999 is actually because other people have
+58S3nNh1wzc-00467-00110000-00110127 had difficulty
+58S3nNh1wzc-00468-00110128-00110486 um with that engagement and so
+58S3nNh1wzc-00469-00110488-00110702 i would start the referral by actually
+58S3nNh1wzc-00470-00110703-00110839 thinking about
+58S3nNh1wzc-00471-00110840-00111007 what are the likely barriers and
+58S3nNh1wzc-00472-00111008-00111247 facilitators of engagement
+58S3nNh1wzc-00473-00111248-00111599 and also what's missing or what doesn't
+58S3nNh1wzc-00474-00111600-00111695 fit
+58S3nNh1wzc-00475-00111696-00112054 in the story because often though
+58S3nNh1wzc-00476-00112055-00112271 you before you even see virginia you've
+58S3nNh1wzc-00477-00112272-00112439 got some hypotheses
+58S3nNh1wzc-00478-00112440-00112766 um and so for virginia yeah i'm very
+58S3nNh1wzc-00479-00112767-00112999 interested before i even see her
+58S3nNh1wzc-00480-00113000-00113151 in knowing a bit more about what's
+58S3nNh1wzc-00481-00113152-00113334 happened earlier in her life a bit more
+58S3nNh1wzc-00482-00113335-00113519 about her relationships
+58S3nNh1wzc-00483-00113520-00113734 um and then trying to understand how
+58S3nNh1wzc-00484-00113735-00113878 they're influencing
+58S3nNh1wzc-00485-00113879-00114151 uh where she's at now i'm also
+58S3nNh1wzc-00486-00114152-00114295 interested with her you know
+58S3nNh1wzc-00487-00114296-00114647 interest in
+58S3nNh1wzc-00488-00114648-00114951 art and photography and i know it's you
+58S3nNh1wzc-00489-00114952-00115143 know stereotypes but i'd be thinking
+58S3nNh1wzc-00490-00115144-00115278 about also you know has she had me
+58S3nNh1wzc-00491-00115279-00115383 interested in
+58S3nNh1wzc-00492-00115383-00115631 in various substances during her life as
+58S3nNh1wzc-00493-00115632-00115766 well or have
+58S3nNh1wzc-00494-00115767-00115958 she seen others modeling use of
+58S3nNh1wzc-00495-00115959-00116207 substances maybe not in a positive way
+58S3nNh1wzc-00496-00116208-00116375 and there's
+58S3nNh1wzc-00497-00116376-00116575 part of what's missing in this picture
+58S3nNh1wzc-00498-00116576-00116871 for virginia
+58S3nNh1wzc-00499-00116872-00117095 um so the barriers i'd be considering in
+58S3nNh1wzc-00500-00117096-00117247 thinking about virginia
+58S3nNh1wzc-00501-00117248-00117551 is the stigma of mental health and
+58S3nNh1wzc-00502-00117552-00117663 it's interesting to think about who
+58S3nNh1wzc-00503-00117664-00117966 stigma that is often we think that
+58S3nNh1wzc-00504-00117967-00118134 and talk about older people not being
+58S3nNh1wzc-00505-00118135-00118310 psychologically minded it's interesting
+58S3nNh1wzc-00506-00118311-00118510 some of the more recent work suggests
+58S3nNh1wzc-00507-00118511-00118751 um actually they may have less stigma
+58S3nNh1wzc-00508-00118752-00118886 about mental illness
+58S3nNh1wzc-00509-00118888-00119086 um than younger people and it may be
+58S3nNh1wzc-00510-00119088-00119271 actually the mental health professionals
+58S3nNh1wzc-00511-00119272-00119527 and health professionals who've got the
+58S3nNh1wzc-00512-00119528-00119654 stigma about
+58S3nNh1wzc-00513-00119655-00119886 mental illness and older people and
+58S3nNh1wzc-00514-00119888-00120119 therefore not referring for assistance
+58S3nNh1wzc-00515-00120120-00120327 and that also has to be worked with how
+58S3nNh1wzc-00516-00120328-00120519 do you encourage people
+58S3nNh1wzc-00517-00120520-00120751 to actually consider there's something
+58S3nNh1wzc-00518-00120752-00120927 positive that can be done for virginia
+58S3nNh1wzc-00519-00120928-00121078 if she has got problems with the mental
+58S3nNh1wzc-00520-00121079-00121175 health
+58S3nNh1wzc-00521-00121176-00121414 i would be thinking about what trauma
+58S3nNh1wzc-00522-00121415-00121566 she may have had and
+58S3nNh1wzc-00523-00121567-00121766 how that may influence her particularly
+58S3nNh1wzc-00524-00121767-00121895 in the way she trusts
+58S3nNh1wzc-00525-00121896-00122199 or doesn't trust people and the way that
+58S3nNh1wzc-00526-00122200-00122407 she relates to other people and what
+58S3nNh1wzc-00527-00122408-00122614 trying to understand what her
+58S3nNh1wzc-00528-00122615-00122727 personality has been
+58S3nNh1wzc-00529-00122728-00122975 outgoing vivacious can hide many many
+58S3nNh1wzc-00530-00122976-00123102 things behind it
+58S3nNh1wzc-00531-00123103-00123407 in terms of whether that's a positive
+58S3nNh1wzc-00532-00123408-00123695 or not um and i've been really
+58S3nNh1wzc-00533-00123696-00123895 interested of knowing what experience
+58S3nNh1wzc-00534-00123896-00124031 virginia's had
+58S3nNh1wzc-00535-00124032-00124223 with other people who've had similar
+58S3nNh1wzc-00536-00124224-00124407 problems or have tried to access
+58S3nNh1wzc-00537-00124408-00124527 services
+58S3nNh1wzc-00538-00124528-00124678 because once you've heard something
+58S3nNh1wzc-00539-00124679-00124831 that's going to influence
+58S3nNh1wzc-00540-00124832-00125166 a lot the way she engages um with me
+58S3nNh1wzc-00541-00125167-00125327 and i'll be looking for what virginia's
+58S3nNh1wzc-00542-00125328-00125486 strengths have been because clearly
+58S3nNh1wzc-00543-00125488-00125654 she's got strings there and what i'll be
+58S3nNh1wzc-00544-00125655-00125807 once sick to do
+58S3nNh1wzc-00545-00125808-00126054 is to identify how the team can engage
+58S3nNh1wzc-00546-00126055-00126310 with those strengths to help him move
+58S3nNh1wzc-00547-00126311-00126727 from the position she's in and
+58S3nNh1wzc-00548-00126728-00126902 most psychiatrists and definitely most
+58S3nNh1wzc-00549-00126903-00127158 old age psychiatrists work from
+58S3nNh1wzc-00550-00127159-00127366 biopsychosocial perspective so trying to
+58S3nNh1wzc-00551-00127367-00127463 understand
+58S3nNh1wzc-00552-00127464-00127871 how each of these elements of virginia
+58S3nNh1wzc-00553-00127872-00128054 actually come together to explain her
+58S3nNh1wzc-00554-00128055-00128207 current health status
+58S3nNh1wzc-00555-00128208-00128375 and i really like this paper because it
+58S3nNh1wzc-00556-00128376-00128566 really um emphasizes
+58S3nNh1wzc-00557-00128567-00128783 that these are actually in a constantly
+58S3nNh1wzc-00558-00128783-00128910 changing
+58S3nNh1wzc-00559-00128911-00129414 they don't stay in one place and so
+58S3nNh1wzc-00560-00129415-00129575 that's a real opportunity as well
+58S3nNh1wzc-00561-00129576-00129775 because it really emphasizes that if you
+58S3nNh1wzc-00562-00129776-00129854 can find
+58S3nNh1wzc-00563-00129855-00130086 one place to start you can potentially
+58S3nNh1wzc-00564-00130088-00130295 start to influence positively
+58S3nNh1wzc-00565-00130296-00130454 the other aspects of our lives if we
+58S3nNh1wzc-00566-00130455-00130639 look at where would where could i start
+58S3nNh1wzc-00567-00130640-00130807 with virginia
+58S3nNh1wzc-00568-00130808-00131135 and a psychiatrist will start with
+58S3nNh1wzc-00569-00131136-00131502 a classic assessment um observing her
+58S3nNh1wzc-00570-00131503-00131702 before she even come here before she
+58S3nNh1wzc-00571-00131703-00131839 hopefully before she's aware of
+58S3nNh1wzc-00572-00131840-00131935 observing her
+58S3nNh1wzc-00573-00131936-00132239 uh often you see a lot um
+58S3nNh1wzc-00574-00132240-00132543 which um you lose once you actually
+58S3nNh1wzc-00575-00132544-00132702 start the formal interview
+58S3nNh1wzc-00576-00132703-00132911 i would want to see virginia by herself
+58S3nNh1wzc-00577-00132912-00133127 as well as well as with
+58S3nNh1wzc-00578-00133128-00133327 who she wants to be seen with even if
+58S3nNh1wzc-00579-00133328-00133495 it's a short time by herself
+58S3nNh1wzc-00580-00133496-00133702 at the start of the interview just to
+58S3nNh1wzc-00581-00133703-00133887 see if it's the same or different
+58S3nNh1wzc-00582-00133888-00134223 in terms of the way she presents um
+58S3nNh1wzc-00583-00134224-00134543 obviously history particularly exploring
+58S3nNh1wzc-00584-00134544-00134807 her past episodes and just what they've
+58S3nNh1wzc-00585-00134808-00134966 been about what's helped what hasn't
+58S3nNh1wzc-00586-00134967-00135047 helped
+58S3nNh1wzc-00587-00135048-00135263 any adverse effects that she feels she's
+58S3nNh1wzc-00588-00135264-00135495 had from treatment or positive things
+58S3nNh1wzc-00589-00135496-00135687 i would be thinking about alcohol and
+58S3nNh1wzc-00590-00135688-00135902 prescribed or non-prescribed medications
+58S3nNh1wzc-00591-00135903-00136054 that she might be
+58S3nNh1wzc-00592-00136055-00136335 using because she must be at risk and we
+58S3nNh1wzc-00593-00136336-00136566 often forget that with older people
+58S3nNh1wzc-00594-00136567-00136799 um as well as mental state examination
+58S3nNh1wzc-00595-00136800-00136990 and who can give me that picture
+58S3nNh1wzc-00596-00136991-00137302 of virginia and does it match her as her
+58S3nNh1wzc-00597-00137303-00137423 or not
+58S3nNh1wzc-00598-00137424-00137727 um and then how does the junior
+58S3nNh1wzc-00599-00137728-00137887 conceptualize what's happening and how
+58S3nNh1wzc-00600-00137888-00138127 do those around her conceptualize that
+58S3nNh1wzc-00601-00138128-00138447 and how do they fit um are they similar
+58S3nNh1wzc-00602-00138448-00138631 uh or different to each other how we're
+58S3nNh1wzc-00603-00138632-00138831 going to use or work through with that
+58S3nNh1wzc-00604-00138832-00139014 and does it fit my idea what's happening
+58S3nNh1wzc-00605-00139015-00139199 with virginia
+58S3nNh1wzc-00606-00139200-00139519 and as i said really be using that just
+58S3nNh1wzc-00607-00139520-00139759 think of what is the plan largely for
+58S3nNh1wzc-00608-00139760-00139983 others to enact
+58S3nNh1wzc-00609-00139984-00140254 and i would probably be going to see
+58S3nNh1wzc-00610-00140255-00140454 virginia again i'd imagine cause i can't
+58S3nNh1wzc-00611-00140455-00140623 imagine that i will really get to
+58S3nNh1wzc-00612-00140624-00140823 know her and really know what's
+58S3nNh1wzc-00613-00140824-00141007 happening on the first assessment
+58S3nNh1wzc-00614-00141008-00141207 but i'll be planning for what others can
+58S3nNh1wzc-00615-00141208-00141454 do and others may well be the gp
+58S3nNh1wzc-00616-00141455-00141654 um it may be a psychologist it may be
+58S3nNh1wzc-00617-00141655-00141847 even working with a team
+58S3nNh1wzc-00618-00141848-00142078 members of that team and the key thing
+58S3nNh1wzc-00619-00142079-00142166 is planning
+58S3nNh1wzc-00620-00142167-00142543 with virginia not for her um
+58S3nNh1wzc-00621-00142544-00142783 and my key focus would be using my
+58S3nNh1wzc-00622-00142784-00142863 encouragement
+58S3nNh1wzc-00623-00142864-00143102 so others can continue those next stages
+58S3nNh1wzc-00624-00143103-00143199 of the care
+58S3nNh1wzc-00625-00143200-00143447 and virginia will be moving in with that
+58S3nNh1wzc-00626-00143448-00143647 and you know my differential
+58S3nNh1wzc-00627-00143648-00143863 at present will be very broad i've been
+58S3nNh1wzc-00628-00143864-00143999 thinking about depression
+58S3nNh1wzc-00629-00144000-00144159 we're thinking about bereavement
+58S3nNh1wzc-00630-00144160-00144302 thinking about early cognitive
+58S3nNh1wzc-00631-00144303-00144519 impairment probably more than dementia
+58S3nNh1wzc-00632-00144520-00144671 but clearly dementia
+58S3nNh1wzc-00633-00144672-00144911 is possible or it may be medication or
+58S3nNh1wzc-00634-00144912-00145014 substance use so
+58S3nNh1wzc-00635-00145015-00145302 really what i would recommend will
+58S3nNh1wzc-00636-00145303-00145383 depend on
+58S3nNh1wzc-00637-00145384-00145551 very much from that history mental state
+58S3nNh1wzc-00638-00145552-00145687 examination
+58S3nNh1wzc-00639-00145688-00146014 um and yeah my
+58S3nNh1wzc-00640-00146015-00146190 best guess is i wouldn't be recommending
+58S3nNh1wzc-00641-00146191-00146431 medication as a first line
+58S3nNh1wzc-00642-00146432-00146678 um unless i saw something strongly
+58S3nNh1wzc-00643-00146679-00146823 indicating that and i guess one thing
+58S3nNh1wzc-00644-00146824-00146966 there i'd also be
+58S3nNh1wzc-00645-00146967-00147190 very careful to think about is actually
+58S3nNh1wzc-00646-00147191-00147343 yeah is a missing piece here
+58S3nNh1wzc-00647-00147344-00147478 virginia actually not wanting to be
+58S3nNh1wzc-00648-00147479-00147639 around and part of the reason she's not
+58S3nNh1wzc-00649-00147640-00147726 engaging
+58S3nNh1wzc-00650-00147727-00147895 yeah is that she has been having a
+58S3nNh1wzc-00651-00147896-00148039 thoughts of suicide
+58S3nNh1wzc-00652-00148040-00148239 and we need to make sure we actually ask
+58S3nNh1wzc-00653-00148240-00148399 that question
+58S3nNh1wzc-00654-00148400-00148623 um but really then i'd come back to a
+58S3nNh1wzc-00655-00148624-00148775 framework around
+58S3nNh1wzc-00656-00148776-00149126 uh recovery um that's used um in mental
+58S3nNh1wzc-00657-00149127-00149319 health that i find very useful when i
+58S3nNh1wzc-00658-00149320-00149454 see each person
+58S3nNh1wzc-00659-00149455-00149726 um and the acronym there's time and it's
+58S3nNh1wzc-00660-00149727-00149799 thinking about
+58S3nNh1wzc-00661-00149800-00150078 each time you see someone what can i do
+58S3nNh1wzc-00662-00150079-00150263 that would help virginia
+58S3nNh1wzc-00663-00150264-00150623 in their connectedness to others
+58S3nNh1wzc-00664-00150624-00150911 in developing or regaining hope it
+58S3nNh1wzc-00665-00150912-00150975 actually
+58S3nNh1wzc-00666-00150976-00151214 um maintaining her identity it's a
+58S3nNh1wzc-00667-00151215-00151343 little bit different
+58S3nNh1wzc-00668-00151344-00151495 younger people when we talk about the
+58S3nNh1wzc-00669-00151496-00151766 max euphoria virginia knows who she is
+58S3nNh1wzc-00670-00151767-00152031 like she might have through whatever is
+58S3nNh1wzc-00671-00152032-00152183 happening have lost that a bit
+58S3nNh1wzc-00672-00152184-00152390 how do we help her to regain that sense
+58S3nNh1wzc-00673-00152391-00152551 of being that vivacious
+58S3nNh1wzc-00674-00152552-00152831 and confident person um how do we give
+58S3nNh1wzc-00675-00152832-00152990 meaning back to her life
+58S3nNh1wzc-00676-00152991-00153214 and importantly how to actually empower
+58S3nNh1wzc-00677-00153215-00153319 her
+58S3nNh1wzc-00678-00153320-00153623 so she does feel with her not take
+58S3nNh1wzc-00679-00153624-00153814 control over because unfortunately one
+58S3nNh1wzc-00680-00153815-00153911 thing is
+58S3nNh1wzc-00681-00153912-00154175 very clear that actually we can in
+58S3nNh1wzc-00682-00154176-00154335 protecting older people
+58S3nNh1wzc-00683-00154336-00154543 often they take away that control that
+58S3nNh1wzc-00684-00154544-00154726 is so important to all of us
+58S3nNh1wzc-00685-00154727-00155223 but thank you
+58S3nNh1wzc-00686-00155224-00155487 thanks thanks very much rob that's that
+58S3nNh1wzc-00687-00155488-00155783 was great uh
+58S3nNh1wzc-00688-00155784-00156087 if we gps just held some of those uh
+58S3nNh1wzc-00689-00156088-00156439 parts of that framework in our mind uh
+58S3nNh1wzc-00690-00156440-00156647 it would be very helpful i think when
+58S3nNh1wzc-00691-00156648-00156895 we're seeing someone like virginia
+58S3nNh1wzc-00692-00156896-00157151 so we certainly need more psychiatrists
+58S3nNh1wzc-00693-00157152-00157214 like you
+58S3nNh1wzc-00694-00157215-00157543 and maybe in the in the discussion we'll
+58S3nNh1wzc-00695-00157544-00157919 discuss how available your skills are in
+58S3nNh1wzc-00696-00157920-00158087 the different communities around
+58S3nNh1wzc-00697-00158088-00158239 australia
+58S3nNh1wzc-00698-00158240-00158566 and now over to eucharist uh chris hall
+58S3nNh1wzc-00699-00158567-00158847 will bring us his psychologists insights
+58S3nNh1wzc-00700-00158848-00159039 into the gender's life journey
+58S3nNh1wzc-00701-00159040-00159319 welcome chris thank you stephen it's
+58S3nNh1wzc-00702-00159320-00159414 good to be with you
+58S3nNh1wzc-00703-00159415-00159759 um and everybody else um on the session
+58S3nNh1wzc-00704-00159760-00159966 um we've heard already from from other
+58S3nNh1wzc-00705-00159967-00160111 speakers about the kind of litany of
+58S3nNh1wzc-00706-00160112-00160263 losses that virginia's experienced
+58S3nNh1wzc-00707-00160264-00160407 really from the age of 15
+58S3nNh1wzc-00708-00160408-00160678 through to a kind of accelerating range
+58S3nNh1wzc-00709-00160679-00160775 of losses
+58S3nNh1wzc-00710-00160776-00161047 um which all in many ways um threatened
+58S3nNh1wzc-00711-00161048-00161166 to undermine
+58S3nNh1wzc-00712-00161167-00161454 her identity her her self-esteem and i
+58S3nNh1wzc-00713-00161455-00161631 love this quote by the american family
+58S3nNh1wzc-00714-00161632-00161871 therapist uh carlos lusky that says
+58S3nNh1wzc-00715-00161872-00162071 losses are the shadows of all materials
+58S3nNh1wzc-00716-00162072-00162295 material and immaterial
+58S3nNh1wzc-00717-00162296-00162463 so from my perspective it's not just
+58S3nNh1wzc-00718-00162464-00162671 about the the deaths of course this
+58S3nNh1wzc-00719-00162672-00162878 this woman has experienced but of course
+58S3nNh1wzc-00720-00162879-00162990 a range
+58S3nNh1wzc-00721-00162991-00163319 uh and a multitude of losses uh
+58S3nNh1wzc-00722-00163320-00163526 i think it's this the caption says
+58S3nNh1wzc-00723-00163527-00163663 doctor bowman will see you now mrs
+58S3nNh1wzc-00724-00163664-00163838 strangley but he really doesn't want to
+58S3nNh1wzc-00725-00163839-00163983 and i think for me what this speaks to
+58S3nNh1wzc-00726-00163984-00164231 is the impact of perhaps
+58S3nNh1wzc-00727-00164232-00164438 working with with clients or patients
+58S3nNh1wzc-00728-00164439-00164599 where there's perhaps a reluctance to
+58S3nNh1wzc-00729-00164600-00164766 engage with other services where
+58S3nNh1wzc-00730-00164767-00164959 we feel we're doing our best but there
+58S3nNh1wzc-00731-00164960-00165111 is a um
+58S3nNh1wzc-00732-00165112-00165326 this is a gap between if you like our
+58S3nNh1wzc-00733-00165327-00165414 our offering
+58S3nNh1wzc-00734-00165415-00165607 and what's taken up so i think we're an
+58S3nNh1wzc-00735-00165608-00165783 important part of this equation in terms
+58S3nNh1wzc-00736-00165784-00165935 of working with a client that
+58S3nNh1wzc-00737-00165936-00166143 you know we might describe described as
+58S3nNh1wzc-00738-00166144-00166254 resistant or
+58S3nNh1wzc-00739-00166255-00166559 you know defensively self-reliant um but
+58S3nNh1wzc-00740-00166560-00166759 obviously we're
+58S3nNh1wzc-00741-00166760-00167126 impacted by this um
+58S3nNh1wzc-00742-00167127-00167478 the uh the assessment that we would do i
+58S3nNh1wzc-00743-00167479-00167647 guess as a particularly as a brief
+58S3nNh1wzc-00744-00167648-00167919 practitioner um is kind of multifaceted
+58S3nNh1wzc-00745-00167920-00168038 we certainly would
+58S3nNh1wzc-00746-00168039-00168254 do some formal assessments around social
+58S3nNh1wzc-00747-00168255-00168407 support we know that social support a
+58S3nNh1wzc-00748-00168408-00168511 very strong
+58S3nNh1wzc-00749-00168512-00168871 uh indicator of uh of grievance
+58S3nNh1wzc-00750-00168872-00169038 needs particularly both instrumentally
+58S3nNh1wzc-00751-00169039-00169231 and emotionally and we also would look
+58S3nNh1wzc-00752-00169232-00169375 at things like an integration of
+58S3nNh1wzc-00753-00169376-00169559 stressful life event scale which we use
+58S3nNh1wzc-00754-00169560-00169743 routinely which is really a measure of
+58S3nNh1wzc-00755-00169744-00169935 meaning making to what extent has
+58S3nNh1wzc-00756-00169936-00170111 has these experiences of grief or loss
+58S3nNh1wzc-00757-00170112-00170278 being integrated
+58S3nNh1wzc-00758-00170279-00170478 into a kind of a broader framework of
+58S3nNh1wzc-00759-00170479-00170607 meaning and also
+58S3nNh1wzc-00760-00170608-00170838 a measure like the prolonged grief
+58S3nNh1wzc-00761-00170839-00171031 disorder scale which is mapped very
+58S3nNh1wzc-00762-00171032-00171287 closely to the icd so in addition to a
+58S3nNh1wzc-00763-00171288-00171487 very lengthy
+58S3nNh1wzc-00764-00171488-00171735 intake interview these would be tools
+58S3nNh1wzc-00765-00171736-00171926 that we find very important in terms of
+58S3nNh1wzc-00766-00171927-00172166 triaging the kind of support that we
+58S3nNh1wzc-00767-00172167-00172383 might provide
+58S3nNh1wzc-00768-00172384-00172647 similarly we know that uh complicated
+58S3nNh1wzc-00769-00172648-00172766 griefer as it's more
+58S3nNh1wzc-00770-00172767-00172966 correctly a term these days prolonged
+58S3nNh1wzc-00771-00172967-00173087 grief disorder
+58S3nNh1wzc-00772-00173088-00173366 rarely exists in isolation only about 32
+58S3nNh1wzc-00773-00173367-00173502 percent of people in this particular
+58S3nNh1wzc-00774-00173503-00173575 study
+58S3nNh1wzc-00775-00173576-00173838 had simply complicated grief and we
+58S3nNh1wzc-00776-00173839-00174047 often see a an overlap with major
+58S3nNh1wzc-00777-00174048-00174166 depressive disorders
+58S3nNh1wzc-00778-00174167-00174526 and um and ptsd so it's certainly
+58S3nNh1wzc-00779-00174527-00174695 important in terms of our assessment
+58S3nNh1wzc-00780-00174696-00174983 that uh that it's comprehensive and i
+58S3nNh1wzc-00781-00174984-00175135 think this is clearly where team-based
+58S3nNh1wzc-00782-00175136-00175302 approach is very valuable
+58S3nNh1wzc-00783-00175303-00175495 we know that targeted treatment of
+58S3nNh1wzc-00784-00175496-00175711 complicated grief has been associated
+58S3nNh1wzc-00785-00175712-00175751 with
+58S3nNh1wzc-00786-00175752-00176063 reductions in depression and anxiety
+58S3nNh1wzc-00787-00176064-00176199 but it's not being found to work the
+58S3nNh1wzc-00788-00176200-00176502 other way reductions in in depression
+58S3nNh1wzc-00789-00176503-00176614 and ptsd
+58S3nNh1wzc-00790-00176615-00176935 tend not to uh impact upon
+58S3nNh1wzc-00791-00176936-00177135 the grief uh symptomatology so i think
+58S3nNh1wzc-00792-00177136-00177263 that's an important
+58S3nNh1wzc-00793-00177264-00177575 um finding that and points to some of
+58S3nNh1wzc-00794-00177576-00177735 the distinctions between
+58S3nNh1wzc-00795-00177736-00178126 um complicated grieve and and depression
+58S3nNh1wzc-00796-00178127-00178278 so what could be done i think first of
+58S3nNh1wzc-00797-00178279-00178478 all we can help clients by naming it and
+58S3nNh1wzc-00798-00178479-00178575 claiming it
+58S3nNh1wzc-00799-00178576-00178751 and providing an opportunity for them to
+58S3nNh1wzc-00800-00178752-00179014 identify their experience of loss
+58S3nNh1wzc-00801-00179015-00179311 um and to identify what's captured the
+58S3nNh1wzc-00802-00179312-00179438 attention of the client
+58S3nNh1wzc-00803-00179439-00179566 there's often something that has
+58S3nNh1wzc-00804-00179567-00179831 derailed a very normative process of
+58S3nNh1wzc-00805-00179832-00179966 accommodation to lost
+58S3nNh1wzc-00806-00179967-00180223 for a client you know i wonder whether
+58S3nNh1wzc-00807-00180224-00180399 the sudden an unexpected death of her
+58S3nNh1wzc-00808-00180400-00180590 partner was she there at the time
+58S3nNh1wzc-00809-00180591-00180831 um was this some other event that has
+58S3nNh1wzc-00810-00180832-00180919 captured
+58S3nNh1wzc-00811-00180920-00181223 um the attention of her that has not
+58S3nNh1wzc-00812-00181224-00181399 enabled his processing of the grief to
+58S3nNh1wzc-00813-00181400-00181551 take place
+58S3nNh1wzc-00814-00181552-00181847 and also finding ways of re-engagement
+58S3nNh1wzc-00815-00181848-00182102 in the world
+58S3nNh1wzc-00816-00182103-00182278 we also are looking at encouraging
+58S3nNh1wzc-00817-00182279-00182463 self-observation and reflection with
+58S3nNh1wzc-00818-00182464-00182575 self-compassion
+58S3nNh1wzc-00819-00182576-00182743 you know very often there's a critical
+58S3nNh1wzc-00820-00182744-00182878 inner voice we hear from
+58S3nNh1wzc-00821-00182879-00183014 from people about they should be doing
+58S3nNh1wzc-00822-00183015-00183214 better than this or um
+58S3nNh1wzc-00823-00183215-00183438 there's a failure to recognize positive
+58S3nNh1wzc-00824-00183439-00183551 emotions
+58S3nNh1wzc-00825-00183552-00183807 in their experience but ultimately we
+58S3nNh1wzc-00826-00183808-00183902 help try to help
+58S3nNh1wzc-00827-00183903-00184102 reconnect people to their life to a
+58S3nNh1wzc-00828-00184103-00184254 sense of meaning and purpose
+58S3nNh1wzc-00829-00184255-00184543 in their life so it helps some of these
+58S3nNh1wzc-00830-00184544-00184678 have already been touched upon by
+58S3nNh1wzc-00831-00184679-00184799 previous speakers but
+58S3nNh1wzc-00832-00184800-00185014 the ability to self-reflect um
+58S3nNh1wzc-00833-00185015-00185175 self-determination particularly where
+58S3nNh1wzc-00834-00185176-00185399 life feels good out of control
+58S3nNh1wzc-00835-00185400-00185719 goal setting self-compassion um
+58S3nNh1wzc-00836-00185720-00185902 self-awareness and i think an important
+58S3nNh1wzc-00837-00185903-00186087 part of good grade therapy is good grief
+58S3nNh1wzc-00838-00186088-00186190 education
+58S3nNh1wzc-00839-00186191-00186399 so again in many ways providing a
+58S3nNh1wzc-00840-00186400-00186566 framework for understanding these
+58S3nNh1wzc-00841-00186567-00186678 experiences
+58S3nNh1wzc-00842-00186679-00187183 from a loss and grief lens
+58S3nNh1wzc-00843-00187184-00187359 i was touched by her interest in
+58S3nNh1wzc-00844-00187360-00187495 photography and i wonder whether her
+58S3nNh1wzc-00845-00187496-00187638 language is more
+58S3nNh1wzc-00846-00187639-00187895 a language of imagery perhaps in a
+58S3nNh1wzc-00847-00187896-00188063 language of words so
+58S3nNh1wzc-00848-00188064-00188375 looking at uh expressive ways of
+58S3nNh1wzc-00849-00188376-00188614 perhaps communicating her experience
+58S3nNh1wzc-00850-00188615-00188790 revisiting the story
+58S3nNh1wzc-00851-00188791-00189007 we often focus on those things as being
+58S3nNh1wzc-00852-00189008-00189254 least well attended or being avoided
+58S3nNh1wzc-00853-00189255-00189495 and also recognising that death ends
+58S3nNh1wzc-00854-00189496-00189671 alive it doesn't end relationship so
+58S3nNh1wzc-00855-00189672-00189750 what's her
+58S3nNh1wzc-00856-00189751-00190054 ongoing connection with both her partner
+58S3nNh1wzc-00857-00190055-00190511 and uh the other losses in her life
+58S3nNh1wzc-00858-00190512-00190678 i'm sure there are many of these themes
+58S3nNh1wzc-00859-00190679-00190847 that we'll um
+58S3nNh1wzc-00860-00190848-00191143 consider in in greater depth as we as we
+58S3nNh1wzc-00861-00191144-00191295 proceed
+58S3nNh1wzc-00862-00191296-00191638 thank you
+58S3nNh1wzc-00863-00191639-00191863 thanks very much chris so we've got a
+58S3nNh1wzc-00864-00191864-00192038 few questions coming in from the
+58S3nNh1wzc-00865-00192039-00192223 audience they're interested to know
+58S3nNh1wzc-00866-00192224-00192471 what educational resources there are for
+58S3nNh1wzc-00867-00192472-00192566 themselves
+58S3nNh1wzc-00868-00192567-00192878 and those that they work with around
+58S3nNh1wzc-00869-00192879-00193102 grief and bereavement
+58S3nNh1wzc-00870-00193103-00193326 and i was thinking that they could they
+58S3nNh1wzc-00871-00193327-00193407 could do no better
+58S3nNh1wzc-00872-00193408-00193631 than going on to your website at the
+58S3nNh1wzc-00873-00193632-00193790 australian center for grief and
+58S3nNh1wzc-00874-00193791-00193895 bereavement
+58S3nNh1wzc-00875-00193896-00194126 which i think is in our resources at the
+58S3nNh1wzc-00876-00194127-00194223 end
+58S3nNh1wzc-00877-00194224-00194454 it is we're victorian government-funded
+58S3nNh1wzc-00878-00194455-00194535 um
+58S3nNh1wzc-00879-00194536-00194899 uh clinical educational service and so
+58S3nNh1wzc-00880-00194900-00195023 grief.org.iu
+58S3nNh1wzc-00881-00195024-00195302 has resources there both for clinicians
+58S3nNh1wzc-00882-00195303-00195454 practitioners and also for bereaved
+58S3nNh1wzc-00883-00195455-00195638 people
+58S3nNh1wzc-00884-00195639-00195959 that's great so
+58S3nNh1wzc-00885-00195960-00196263 we're now on to the question and answer
+58S3nNh1wzc-00886-00196264-00196607 time where uh i invite you three to
+58S3nNh1wzc-00887-00196608-00196911 uh to uh have a bit of a banter
+58S3nNh1wzc-00888-00196912-00197150 around uh the questions that have come
+58S3nNh1wzc-00889-00197151-00197223 in we've got
+58S3nNh1wzc-00890-00197224-00197471 obviously uh we've got about half an
+58S3nNh1wzc-00891-00197472-00197599 hour now to
+58S3nNh1wzc-00892-00197600-00197911 to to talk these questions through so we
+58S3nNh1wzc-00893-00197912-00198071 may not get through that many but
+58S3nNh1wzc-00894-00198072-00198407 uh we just uh uh
+58S3nNh1wzc-00895-00198408-00198678 view talk amongst yourselves around the
+58S3nNh1wzc-00896-00198679-00198743 issue
+58S3nNh1wzc-00897-00198744-00199102 so i'll kick things off with a question
+58S3nNh1wzc-00898-00199103-00199326 which which i think you've all raised to
+58S3nNh1wzc-00899-00199327-00199414 some degree
+58S3nNh1wzc-00900-00199415-00199638 about the older generation's appetite to
+58S3nNh1wzc-00901-00199639-00199775 share their mind
+58S3nNh1wzc-00902-00199776-00199966 as much as they might be used to sharing
+58S3nNh1wzc-00903-00199967-00200150 their bodies with healthcare
+58S3nNh1wzc-00904-00200151-00200271 professionals
+58S3nNh1wzc-00905-00200272-00200526 certainly in the medical area and i
+58S3nNh1wzc-00906-00200527-00200726 heard a quote on the abc
+58S3nNh1wzc-00907-00200727-00200959 from a woman from the mallee country in
+58S3nNh1wzc-00908-00200960-00201071 victoria
+58S3nNh1wzc-00909-00201072-00201407 talking about her hard life and she said
+58S3nNh1wzc-00910-00201408-00201831 i could say a lot so i will say nothing
+58S3nNh1wzc-00911-00201832-00202390 um who'd like to start
+58S3nNh1wzc-00912-00202391-00202559 come on someone's got to jump in i'd
+58S3nNh1wzc-00913-00202560-00202766 have to if nobody else does
+58S3nNh1wzc-00914-00202767-00203102 good i think
+58S3nNh1wzc-00915-00203103-00203319 acknowledging what you don't know about
+58S3nNh1wzc-00916-00203320-00203414 the person
+58S3nNh1wzc-00917-00203415-00203631 um and where they live is a really
+58S3nNh1wzc-00918-00203632-00203750 useful starting place
+58S3nNh1wzc-00919-00203751-00203999 um so i know when i do my rural flying
+58S3nNh1wzc-00920-00204000-00204095 fly out
+58S3nNh1wzc-00921-00204096-00204399 to show a curiosity about where they
+58S3nNh1wzc-00922-00204400-00204478 live
+58S3nNh1wzc-00923-00204479-00204607 and often something that might be
+58S3nNh1wzc-00924-00204608-00204750 neutral and then moving into the
+58S3nNh1wzc-00925-00204751-00204982 curiosity about them
+58S3nNh1wzc-00926-00204983-00205238 and be willing to listen and give time
+58S3nNh1wzc-00927-00205239-00205319 um
+58S3nNh1wzc-00928-00205319-00205751 and i really find that approach doesn't
+58S3nNh1wzc-00929-00205752-00205982 then result in the my main problem is
+58S3nNh1wzc-00930-00205983-00206198 that i then do have to actually
+58S3nNh1wzc-00931-00206200-00206366 bring that back around to actually some
+58S3nNh1wzc-00932-00206367-00206534 of the things which
+58S3nNh1wzc-00933-00206535-00206734 they might be so comfortable talking to
+58S3nNh1wzc-00934-00206735-00206894 but once they've got a bit of a comfort
+58S3nNh1wzc-00935-00206896-00207071 level they will
+58S3nNh1wzc-00936-00207071-00207414 open their mind to you great
+58S3nNh1wzc-00937-00207415-00207790 great crystals
+58S3nNh1wzc-00938-00207791-00208086 i i think that's uh very much along the
+58S3nNh1wzc-00939-00208087-00208223 lines of my thinking i think it
+58S3nNh1wzc-00940-00208223-00208390 it's so important to cultivate a sense
+58S3nNh1wzc-00941-00208391-00208727 of curiosity um a state of not knowing
+58S3nNh1wzc-00942-00208728-00209094 and you know inviting exploration
+58S3nNh1wzc-00943-00209096-00209319 rather than going in perhaps with too
+58S3nNh1wzc-00944-00209319-00209558 much of a predetermined
+58S3nNh1wzc-00945-00209559-00209879 sense of what may or may not be um
+58S3nNh1wzc-00946-00209880-00209998 so i think you know cultivating
+58S3nNh1wzc-00947-00210000-00210198 curiosity um
+58S3nNh1wzc-00948-00210200-00210334 you know i love the old yiddish
+58S3nNh1wzc-00949-00210335-00210551 expression um perhaps now a hackney
+58S3nNh1wzc-00950-00210552-00210703 phrase but you know god gave us two ways
+58S3nNh1wzc-00951-00210704-00210839 and one mouth and we should use them in
+58S3nNh1wzc-00952-00210840-00210951 those proportions
+58S3nNh1wzc-00953-00210952-00211094 and i think that applies particularly in
+58S3nNh1wzc-00954-00211096-00211310 the in the brief field it's really
+58S3nNh1wzc-00955-00211311-00211591 what people often lack is the ability
+58S3nNh1wzc-00956-00211592-00211758 for somebody to hear the story
+58S3nNh1wzc-00957-00211759-00212079 and to bear witness to it and to not
+58S3nNh1wzc-00958-00212080-00212287 move away from the but in a sense to
+58S3nNh1wzc-00959-00212288-00212391 lean in
+58S3nNh1wzc-00960-00212392-00212687 to that story and to hear it in all its
+58S3nNh1wzc-00961-00212688-00213655 complexity and ambiguity
+58S3nNh1wzc-00962-00213656-00213894 very much finding out what makes her
+58S3nNh1wzc-00963-00213896-00213975 tick
+58S3nNh1wzc-00964-00213976-00214223 clearly she had lots of things happening
+58S3nNh1wzc-00965-00214223-00214358 in her life earlier
+58S3nNh1wzc-00966-00214359-00214551 but it's particularly around where's her
+58S3nNh1wzc-00967-00214552-00214806 photography now i mean she retired at
+58S3nNh1wzc-00968-00214807-00215151 62 and we're seeing her at 79.
+58S3nNh1wzc-00969-00215152-00215382 what's been keeping her interested other
+58S3nNh1wzc-00970-00215383-00215567 than downsizing
+58S3nNh1wzc-00971-00215567-00215910 in that 17 years so yeah it's that as
+58S3nNh1wzc-00972-00215911-00216246 rod said it's the curiosity what what
+58S3nNh1wzc-00973-00216248-00216534 does interest her and particularly and i
+58S3nNh1wzc-00974-00216535-00216679 think chris mentioned it
+58S3nNh1wzc-00975-00216680-00216998 what is she doing that she can control
+58S3nNh1wzc-00976-00217000-00217310 um i think here's a lady whose life is
+58S3nNh1wzc-00977-00217311-00217671 probably out of control a bit and and
+58S3nNh1wzc-00978-00217671-00217879 we've got to give her hope that came up
+58S3nNh1wzc-00979-00217880-00218023 several times and i think that's an
+58S3nNh1wzc-00980-00218023-00218158 incredibly important
+58S3nNh1wzc-00981-00218159-00218519 part of our job but what is it that we
+58S3nNh1wzc-00982-00218519-00218815 we can look at with virginia that she
+58S3nNh1wzc-00983-00218816-00218879 can do
+58S3nNh1wzc-00984-00218880-00219191 and control um and so getting getting
+58S3nNh1wzc-00985-00219192-00219375 into that i think is important you know
+58S3nNh1wzc-00986-00219376-00219463 what she done
+58S3nNh1wzc-00987-00219464-00219775 since her since her retirement um if
+58S3nNh1wzc-00988-00219776-00219919 she's a good photographer
+58S3nNh1wzc-00989-00219919-00220198 can we pull that out what's she doing
+58S3nNh1wzc-00990-00220200-00220367 with it now
+58S3nNh1wzc-00991-00220367-00220551 does she have pets are there any
+58S3nNh1wzc-00992-00220552-00220671 grandchildren
+58S3nNh1wzc-00993-00220671-00220879 um she was born during the war during
+58S3nNh1wzc-00994-00220880-00220991 world war ii
+58S3nNh1wzc-00995-00220992-00221246 you know does she have memories of of
+58S3nNh1wzc-00996-00221248-00221455 growing up that might be impacting on
+58S3nNh1wzc-00997-00221456-00221663 her other than what we already know
+58S3nNh1wzc-00998-00221664-00221910 so i think that that curiosity that both
+58S3nNh1wzc-00999-00221911-00222015 chris and rod mentioned
+58S3nNh1wzc-01000-00222016-00222327 are really important um it's not just to
+58S3nNh1wzc-01001-00222328-00222367 get
+58S3nNh1wzc-01002-00222367-00222582 a link with her but it's also to find
+58S3nNh1wzc-01003-00222583-00222694 out you know what is
+58S3nNh1wzc-01004-00222696-00222927 what what makes a tick why has she
+58S3nNh1wzc-01005-00222928-00223031 suddenly
+58S3nNh1wzc-01006-00223032-00223271 gone or not suddenly but why has she
+58S3nNh1wzc-01007-00223271-00223494 changed into someone who
+58S3nNh1wzc-01008-00223496-00223767 seems to be passive um and there's i
+58S3nNh1wzc-01009-00223767-00223934 think lots to look at there
+58S3nNh1wzc-01010-00223935-00224142 and look just while i've got the i've
+58S3nNh1wzc-01011-00224144-00224263 got the um
+58S3nNh1wzc-01012-00224264-00224494 the chair so to speak i would also like
+58S3nNh1wzc-01013-00224496-00224679 to know about her health literacy
+58S3nNh1wzc-01014-00224680-00224919 i wonder what she actually does know
+58S3nNh1wzc-01015-00224919-00224998 about
+58S3nNh1wzc-01016-00225000-00225303 her heart disease um what does she know
+58S3nNh1wzc-01017-00225304-00225358 about
+58S3nNh1wzc-01018-00225359-00225542 you know hip replacement they've changed
+58S3nNh1wzc-01019-00225544-00225719 a lot since her mother had them
+58S3nNh1wzc-01020-00225719-00226006 she's fairly nihilistic about all these
+58S3nNh1wzc-01021-00226007-00226055 things
+58S3nNh1wzc-01022-00226056-00226310 but maybe we could explain to her that
+58S3nNh1wzc-01023-00226311-00226455 there are some positives
+58S3nNh1wzc-01024-00226456-00226694 now that's me taking a very physical
+58S3nNh1wzc-01025-00226696-00226839 viewpoint i guess
+58S3nNh1wzc-01026-00226840-00227134 but in a way trying to give her hope
+58S3nNh1wzc-01027-00227135-00227334 that there are things we can do
+58S3nNh1wzc-01028-00227335-00227655 for her um in the in the physical sphere
+58S3nNh1wzc-01029-00227656-00227791 that that may help her
+58S3nNh1wzc-01030-00227792-00228063 feel better um that being said i think
+58S3nNh1wzc-01031-00228064-00228119 there's
+58S3nNh1wzc-01032-00228119-00228415 a much bigger role for my two colleagues
+58S3nNh1wzc-01033-00228416-00228527 in this area
+58S3nNh1wzc-01034-00228528-00228846 so i'll hand back to them
+58S3nNh1wzc-01035-00228848-00229063 could i just briefly come in i think one
+58S3nNh1wzc-01036-00229064-00229231 thing we can give control
+58S3nNh1wzc-01037-00229232-00229471 and i think that i've come to realize
+58S3nNh1wzc-01038-00229471-00229710 more in the last few years of my career
+58S3nNh1wzc-01039-00229711-00229975 is actually the control of where we see
+58S3nNh1wzc-01040-00229976-00230087 virginia
+58S3nNh1wzc-01041-00230088-00230398 um and who's with us when we see her
+58S3nNh1wzc-01042-00230400-00230767 um traditionally um the teaching around
+58S3nNh1wzc-01043-00230767-00230919 old age psychiatrists whenever you can
+58S3nNh1wzc-01044-00230919-00231087 see the person in their home see them in
+58S3nNh1wzc-01045-00231088-00231303 their home and whenever you can see them
+58S3nNh1wzc-01046-00231304-00231558 with families see them with family
+58S3nNh1wzc-01047-00231559-00231775 but actually each older person's got
+58S3nNh1wzc-01048-00231776-00231951 very strong views about what they would
+58S3nNh1wzc-01049-00231952-00232175 prefer with each of those things
+58S3nNh1wzc-01050-00232176-00232415 and that is something that i think has
+58S3nNh1wzc-01051-00232416-00232582 been a change in my practice in the last
+58S3nNh1wzc-01052-00232583-00232727 few years is really trying to give that
+58S3nNh1wzc-01053-00232728-00232919 control from the very start
+58S3nNh1wzc-01054-00232919-00233255 around those things something you
+58S3nNh1wzc-01055-00233256-00233319 brought up
+58S3nNh1wzc-01056-00233319-00233551 when we were chatting uh before android
+58S3nNh1wzc-01057-00233552-00233663 was you know
+58S3nNh1wzc-01058-00233664-00233903 how do younger clinicians bridge the age
+58S3nNh1wzc-01059-00233904-00234127 gap with virginia
+58S3nNh1wzc-01060-00234128-00234294 because you know here we all are we're
+58S3nNh1wzc-01061-00234296-00234534 all
+58S3nNh1wzc-01062-00234535-00234806 fairly advanced in our careers but how
+58S3nNh1wzc-01063-00234807-00234919 do the younger
+58S3nNh1wzc-01064-00234919-00235231 clinicians bridge that gap and it would
+58S3nNh1wzc-01065-00235232-00235406 be lovely to have a younger clinician
+58S3nNh1wzc-01066-00235407-00235655 on the panel um as i was saying that
+58S3nNh1wzc-01067-00235656-00235727 because i'm
+58S3nNh1wzc-01068-00235728-00235958 i'm struck by that there is no doubt
+58S3nNh1wzc-01069-00235959-00236167 some younger clinicians who do it
+58S3nNh1wzc-01070-00236167-00236503 so so well um and yet others who have a
+58S3nNh1wzc-01071-00236504-00236682 challenge
+58S3nNh1wzc-01072-00236683-00236934 um so where do you start i do think
+58S3nNh1wzc-01073-00236935-00237255 those who listen well um is definitely
+58S3nNh1wzc-01074-00237256-00237487 one starting place um but i think
+58S3nNh1wzc-01075-00237488-00237567 another thing
+58S3nNh1wzc-01076-00237567-00237934 is finding out a bit about history
+58S3nNh1wzc-01077-00237935-00238223 or having a willingness um to listen to
+58S3nNh1wzc-01078-00238223-00238431 history is really important
+58S3nNh1wzc-01079-00238432-00238798 um and i think that's
+58S3nNh1wzc-01080-00238800-00239006 because then when someone says something
+58S3nNh1wzc-01081-00239007-00239206 you know you can ask a question back
+58S3nNh1wzc-01082-00239207-00239398 about what that meant to them
+58S3nNh1wzc-01083-00239400-00239582 or you understand why they've said that
+58S3nNh1wzc-01084-00239583-00239775 you can pick up on cues that you
+58S3nNh1wzc-01085-00239776-00240127 miss if you don't know something um so
+58S3nNh1wzc-01086-00240128-00240319 i if i start working somewhere new i try
+58S3nNh1wzc-01087-00240319-00240487 and find out a bit about the social
+58S3nNh1wzc-01088-00240488-00240591 situation
+58S3nNh1wzc-01089-00240592-00240879 um where is that yeah in that place um
+58S3nNh1wzc-01090-00240880-00241039 and what the history has been
+58S3nNh1wzc-01091-00241040-00241215 and that is maybe because i've got an
+58S3nNh1wzc-01092-00241216-00241391 interest in it but it also
+58S3nNh1wzc-01093-00241392-00241567 is incredibly useful for getting that
+58S3nNh1wzc-01094-00241567-00241727 conversation going
+58S3nNh1wzc-01095-00241728-00241982 and also for that sense of something's
+58S3nNh1wzc-01096-00241983-00242071 not fitting
+58S3nNh1wzc-01097-00242071-00242327 that's really what i think what a big
+58S3nNh1wzc-01098-00242328-00242398 part of what we do
+58S3nNh1wzc-01099-00242400-00242646 working with older people is yeah is
+58S3nNh1wzc-01100-00242648-00242815 getting a sense of something's
+58S3nNh1wzc-01101-00242816-00243015 not fitting what you'd normally expect
+58S3nNh1wzc-01102-00243016-00243294 and be able to explore that further
+58S3nNh1wzc-01103-00243296-00243479 oh well i wish i'd had you around when i
+58S3nNh1wzc-01104-00243480-00243798 was a younger clinician thank you
+58S3nNh1wzc-01105-00243800-00244023 i might just uh go on to a little group
+58S3nNh1wzc-01106-00244023-00244103 of questions
+58S3nNh1wzc-01107-00244104-00244439 that uh came up i i've i read
+58S3nNh1wzc-01108-00244440-00244630 the other day about evidence of the
+58S3nNh1wzc-01109-00244631-00244798 royal commission from
+58S3nNh1wzc-01110-00244800-00245110 dr alison argo a queensland
+58S3nNh1wzc-01111-00245111-00245334 psychologist and she gave evidence that
+58S3nNh1wzc-01112-00245335-00245455 there was a dearth
+58S3nNh1wzc-01113-00245456-00245719 of identification and assessment of
+58S3nNh1wzc-01114-00245719-00245879 mental health problems
+58S3nNh1wzc-01115-00245880-00246198 amongst the elderly in the public system
+58S3nNh1wzc-01116-00246200-00246415 and and this raised questions that have
+58S3nNh1wzc-01117-00246416-00246630 come up
+58S3nNh1wzc-01118-00246631-00246863 would virginia be lucky to get mental
+58S3nNh1wzc-01119-00246864-00246951 health care
+58S3nNh1wzc-01120-00246952-00247215 at a price she could afford and and how
+58S3nNh1wzc-01121-00247216-00247479 would regional care
+58S3nNh1wzc-01122-00247480-00247782 differ to the support she might get in
+58S3nNh1wzc-01123-00247783-00248094 in the city those of you you know who
+58S3nNh1wzc-01124-00248096-00248255 are using the chat room do
+58S3nNh1wzc-01125-00248256-00248551 feel free to um to put in your views
+58S3nNh1wzc-01126-00248552-00248615 about
+58S3nNh1wzc-01127-00248616-00248871 how you're finding access to older
+58S3nNh1wzc-01128-00248871-00249158 persons mental health care in your area
+58S3nNh1wzc-01129-00249159-00249463 so um over to you what do you think
+58S3nNh1wzc-01130-00249464-00249623 what's your experience
+58S3nNh1wzc-01131-00249623-00249958 uh some of you are in going to
+58S3nNh1wzc-01132-00249959-00250206 regional areas a bit and you're all in
+58S3nNh1wzc-01133-00250207-00250479 policy so
+58S3nNh1wzc-01134-00250480-00250734 and it's true here i certainly work and
+58S3nNh1wzc-01135-00250735-00250846 in fact
+58S3nNh1wzc-01136-00250848-00251191 at the moment on the country of the un
+58S3nNh1wzc-01137-00251192-00251463 people on the south coast of new south
+58S3nNh1wzc-01138-00251464-00251551 wales
+58S3nNh1wzc-01139-00251552-00251863 um we yeah i do quite a lot of clinical
+58S3nNh1wzc-01140-00251864-00252006 work here and
+58S3nNh1wzc-01141-00252007-00252310 there certainly is um
+58S3nNh1wzc-01142-00252311-00252606 less services than we have in the city
+58S3nNh1wzc-01143-00252607-00252879 but we do have we do have hq psychiatry
+58S3nNh1wzc-01144-00252880-00252967 although
+58S3nNh1wzc-01145-00252967-00253239 it is um a little bit difficult to
+58S3nNh1wzc-01146-00253240-00253463 access you've got to sort of go through
+58S3nNh1wzc-01147-00253464-00253639 quite a few people to see the aegis
+58S3nNh1wzc-01148-00253640-00253894 psychiatrist but i think the use
+58S3nNh1wzc-01149-00253896-00254127 by gps of some of the counsellors is
+58S3nNh1wzc-01150-00254128-00254246 really important
+58S3nNh1wzc-01151-00254248-00254463 what um i think you're getting at
+58S3nNh1wzc-01152-00254464-00254567 stephen is
+58S3nNh1wzc-01153-00254567-00254863 what's happening in residential care and
+58S3nNh1wzc-01154-00254864-00255063 certainly what alison argo said is so
+58S3nNh1wzc-01155-00255064-00255463 true i have approached um
+58S3nNh1wzc-01156-00255464-00255694 uh one of my one of my patients in
+58S3nNh1wzc-01157-00255696-00255815 residential care and
+58S3nNh1wzc-01158-00255816-00256039 offered her the opportunity of some
+58S3nNh1wzc-01159-00256040-00256151 counselling
+58S3nNh1wzc-01160-00256152-00256358 and she said what's the point i'm going
+58S3nNh1wzc-01161-00256359-00256519 to die soon
+58S3nNh1wzc-01162-00256519-00256887 um and i just um and she you know it's
+58S3nNh1wzc-01163-00256888-00257023 hard because
+58S3nNh1wzc-01164-00257023-00257263 neither i nor the psychiatrist felt she
+58S3nNh1wzc-01165-00257264-00257415 was depressed she was just being
+58S3nNh1wzc-01166-00257416-00257527 realistic
+58S3nNh1wzc-01167-00257528-00257687 because she'd lost a number of her
+58S3nNh1wzc-01168-00257688-00257887 colleagues we actually did talk her into
+58S3nNh1wzc-01169-00257888-00257982 seeing someone
+58S3nNh1wzc-01170-00257983-00258134 who ended up being a volunteer and it
+58S3nNh1wzc-01171-00258135-00258358 was a wonderful experience
+58S3nNh1wzc-01172-00258359-00258646 for them both and it actually has worked
+58S3nNh1wzc-01173-00258648-00258782 really really well
+58S3nNh1wzc-01174-00258783-00258982 but it was a case of being persistent
+58S3nNh1wzc-01175-00258983-00259239 because she just didn't think you know i
+58S3nNh1wzc-01176-00259240-00259342 don't know if she didn't think it was
+58S3nNh1wzc-01177-00259344-00259439 worth it
+58S3nNh1wzc-01178-00259440-00259687 um but look the other thing to mention
+58S3nNh1wzc-01179-00259688-00259871 and i might get into trouble here is
+58S3nNh1wzc-01180-00259871-00260015 particularly in residential aged care
+58S3nNh1wzc-01181-00260016-00260215 but everywhere is the advantages we
+58S3nNh1wzc-01182-00260216-00260327 haven't mentioned
+58S3nNh1wzc-01183-00260328-00260630 animal assisted therapy yet and i do
+58S3nNh1wzc-01184-00260631-00260903 although i know um i think virginia
+58S3nNh1wzc-01185-00260904-00261071 lives in in a block
+58S3nNh1wzc-01186-00261071-00261287 of flats so she may not be able to have
+58S3nNh1wzc-01187-00261288-00261382 an animal
+58S3nNh1wzc-01188-00261383-00261671 but that's one thing we often forget and
+58S3nNh1wzc-01189-00261671-00261751 i have seen
+58S3nNh1wzc-01190-00261752-00262030 so many times be absolutely wonderful
+58S3nNh1wzc-01191-00262031-00262127 change that
+58S3nNh1wzc-01192-00262128-00262303 having an animal can make it gives
+58S3nNh1wzc-01193-00262304-00262447 people a purpose
+58S3nNh1wzc-01194-00262448-00262719 and whilst our abc series you know older
+58S3nNh1wzc-01195-00262720-00262863 people's homes four-year-olds showed
+58S3nNh1wzc-01196-00262864-00262934 that
+58S3nNh1wzc-01197-00262935-00263119 if older people had a reason to get up
+58S3nNh1wzc-01198-00263120-00263271 in the morning and that involvement with
+58S3nNh1wzc-01199-00263272-00263399 the kids was absolutely
+58S3nNh1wzc-01200-00263400-00263687 magic we know that that having animals
+58S3nNh1wzc-01201-00263688-00263863 and having a responsibility for animals
+58S3nNh1wzc-01202-00263864-00263967 is there as well
+58S3nNh1wzc-01203-00263968-00264206 so i just wanted to throw that in while
+58S3nNh1wzc-01204-00264207-00264430 i had the opportunity because i think
+58S3nNh1wzc-01205-00264431-00264687 we do get very negative about what we
+58S3nNh1wzc-01206-00264688-00264799 can do in residential
+58S3nNh1wzc-01207-00264800-00264975 aged care and i think there is a lot we
+58S3nNh1wzc-01208-00264976-00265263 can do but if we can get more
+58S3nNh1wzc-01209-00265264-00265534 more there's certainly funding for some
+58S3nNh1wzc-01210-00265535-00265639 counselling
+58S3nNh1wzc-01211-00265640-00265927 for some psychologists in aged care
+58S3nNh1wzc-01212-00265928-00266167 facilities and that's how we access them
+58S3nNh1wzc-01213-00266168-00266503 thanks stephen
+58S3nNh1wzc-01214-00266504-00266758 i think they're also what we might not
+58S3nNh1wzc-01215-00266759-00266806 see
+58S3nNh1wzc-01216-00266807-00266991 as traditional kind of clinical or
+58S3nNh1wzc-01217-00266992-00267151 therapeutic interventions i mean we run
+58S3nNh1wzc-01218-00267152-00267375 a program called coffee and chat and so
+58S3nNh1wzc-01219-00267376-00267575 people meet together
+58S3nNh1wzc-01220-00267576-00267719 socially it strengthens their social
+58S3nNh1wzc-01221-00267720-00267879 connection um it
+58S3nNh1wzc-01222-00267880-00268255 gives them a goal and great a great joy
+58S3nNh1wzc-01223-00268256-00268503 um you know so we've got a group of men
+58S3nNh1wzc-01224-00268504-00268606 that meet in a pub
+58S3nNh1wzc-01225-00268607-00268934 um and uh so i think we need to think
+58S3nNh1wzc-01226-00268935-00268999 about different
+58S3nNh1wzc-01227-00269000-00269199 kinds of settings and also i think some
+58S3nNh1wzc-01228-00269200-00269334 of the assumptions about the use of
+58S3nNh1wzc-01229-00269335-00269551 technology in older people i mean the
+58S3nNh1wzc-01230-00269552-00269799 the the most rapidly growing cohort on
+58S3nNh1wzc-01231-00269800-00269895 facebook
+58S3nNh1wzc-01232-00269896-00270151 are those over 60 years of age and so
+58S3nNh1wzc-01233-00270152-00270310 we'll often see clients uh
+58S3nNh1wzc-01234-00270311-00270663 on telephone or via via telehealth and
+58S3nNh1wzc-01235-00270664-00270758 so i think
+58S3nNh1wzc-01236-00270759-00270910 um we shouldn't think that those
+58S3nNh1wzc-01237-00270911-00271199 technologies are
+58S3nNh1wzc-01238-00271200-00271358 not suited or appropriate i think there
+58S3nNh1wzc-01239-00271359-00271582 are also other organizations out there
+58S3nNh1wzc-01240-00271583-00271879 that offer free or very low cost ways of
+58S3nNh1wzc-01241-00271880-00271999 strengthening
+58S3nNh1wzc-01242-00272000-00272255 social connection and providing a social
+58S3nNh1wzc-01243-00272256-00272471 support
+58S3nNh1wzc-01244-00272472-00272734 certainly if anyone's having difficulty
+58S3nNh1wzc-01245-00272735-00272919 finding
+58S3nNh1wzc-01246-00272920-00273279 avenues of referral i've put a link
+58S3nNh1wzc-01247-00273280-00273599 into the resources about health pathways
+58S3nNh1wzc-01248-00273600-00274030 30 out of the 31 primary health networks
+58S3nNh1wzc-01249-00274031-00274310 are using health pathways which you can
+58S3nNh1wzc-01250-00274311-00274463 reach through their website
+58S3nNh1wzc-01251-00274464-00274679 and they open up many of the avenues of
+58S3nNh1wzc-01252-00274680-00274910 referral to a whole range of
+58S3nNh1wzc-01253-00274911-00275215 services
+58S3nNh1wzc-01254-00275216-00275558 that help you navigate the the most
+58S3nNh1wzc-01255-00275559-00275839 appropriate services in your area and
+58S3nNh1wzc-01256-00275840-00276023 often guidance will be given
+58S3nNh1wzc-01257-00276024-00276223 by one of the specialists as to what
+58S3nNh1wzc-01258-00276224-00276334 would be most
+58S3nNh1wzc-01259-00276335-00276582 helpful in the information you can give
+58S3nNh1wzc-01260-00276583-00276655 them
+58S3nNh1wzc-01261-00276656-00277087 to start the assessment so um
+58S3nNh1wzc-01262-00277088-00277487 that is in in the resources at the end
+58S3nNh1wzc-01263-00277488-00277727 and certainly there are many people
+58S3nNh1wzc-01264-00277728-00277847 registered tonight
+58S3nNh1wzc-01265-00277848-00278071 from a whole range of i don't think
+58S3nNh1wzc-01266-00278072-00278334 we've got any volunteers registered
+58S3nNh1wzc-01267-00278335-00278647 but there's certainly a whole
+58S3nNh1wzc-01268-00278648-00279055 cohort of uh other health professionals
+58S3nNh1wzc-01269-00279056-00279375 uh out there so if you follow
+58S3nNh1wzc-01270-00279376-00279751 me yes now i i think it's also before
+58S3nNh1wzc-01271-00279752-00279982 mentioning that um
+58S3nNh1wzc-01272-00279983-00280310 if you google find a psychiatrist um
+58S3nNh1wzc-01273-00280311-00280471 that actually there's quite a good
+58S3nNh1wzc-01274-00280472-00280606 search engine on the college of
+58S3nNh1wzc-01275-00280607-00280743 psychiatrists
+58S3nNh1wzc-01276-00280744-00280967 website where you can actually put what
+58S3nNh1wzc-01277-00280968-00281103 location you're looking for and also
+58S3nNh1wzc-01278-00281104-00281303 what area of specialization
+58S3nNh1wzc-01279-00281304-00281606 um and that's the the location is
+58S3nNh1wzc-01280-00281607-00281775 probably getting um
+58S3nNh1wzc-01281-00281776-00282055 slightly um more difficult to interpret
+58S3nNh1wzc-01282-00282056-00282263 as we're looking at more telehealth
+58S3nNh1wzc-01283-00282264-00282495 um but definitely it's a useful search
+58S3nNh1wzc-01284-00282496-00282606 engine
+58S3nNh1wzc-01285-00282607-00282775 and i think there's room for both hope
+58S3nNh1wzc-01286-00282776-00283006 and despair i'd say instead of access
+58S3nNh1wzc-01287-00283007-00283247 to uh older person's mental health
+58S3nNh1wzc-01288-00283248-00283327 specialists
+58S3nNh1wzc-01289-00283328-00283479 i was involved in the atlas of
+58S3nNh1wzc-01290-00283480-00283639 healthcare variation
+58S3nNh1wzc-01291-00283640-00283903 and variation is the key across all of
+58S3nNh1wzc-01292-00283904-00284071 australia about access
+58S3nNh1wzc-01293-00284072-00284271 for older people but the rule is you
+58S3nNh1wzc-01294-00284272-00284423 know basically
+58S3nNh1wzc-01295-00284424-00284606 once you're over 65 your chance of
+58S3nNh1wzc-01296-00284607-00284791 seeing a psychologist in australia is
+58S3nNh1wzc-01297-00284792-00284999 poor no matter where you live
+58S3nNh1wzc-01298-00285000-00285263 and we've got to get better at actually
+58S3nNh1wzc-01299-00285264-00285406 referring
+58S3nNh1wzc-01300-00285407-00285575 because we also know that you know one
+58S3nNh1wzc-01301-00285576-00285854 of the blocks there is actually using gp
+58S3nNh1wzc-01302-00285855-00286110 mental health care plans and referral um
+58S3nNh1wzc-01303-00286111-00286358 but also in building up the skill base
+58S3nNh1wzc-01304-00286359-00286582 and you know that's why i've moved
+58S3nNh1wzc-01305-00286583-00286671 largely into
+58S3nNh1wzc-01306-00286672-00286951 education is trying to build up skill
+58S3nNh1wzc-01307-00286952-00287063 base across
+58S3nNh1wzc-01308-00287064-00287351 all the disciplines um in working with
+58S3nNh1wzc-01309-00287352-00287454 people with mental illness and
+58S3nNh1wzc-01310-00287455-00287551 particularly
+58S3nNh1wzc-01311-00287552-00287775 those who'd like to work with older
+58S3nNh1wzc-01312-00287776-00287871 people being
+58S3nNh1wzc-01313-00287872-00288239 my passion and we we've got to remember
+58S3nNh1wzc-01314-00288240-00288279 that
+58S3nNh1wzc-01315-00288280-00288510 broad range i talk holistically i try to
+58S3nNh1wzc-01316-00288511-00288654 practice holistically
+58S3nNh1wzc-01317-00288655-00288830 but we also need to be prepared to
+58S3nNh1wzc-01318-00288831-00288982 actually when we think someone really
+58S3nNh1wzc-01319-00288983-00289134 has got midwillingness
+58S3nNh1wzc-01320-00289135-00289430 to you know to treat uh and to treat we
+58S3nNh1wzc-01321-00289431-00289463 are
+58S3nNh1wzc-01322-00289464-00289710 we're talking therapists and to treat
+58S3nNh1wzc-01323-00289711-00289919 appropriately with medications
+58S3nNh1wzc-01324-00289920-00290167 and i think sometimes we're more afraid
+58S3nNh1wzc-01325-00290168-00290319 to do that with older people and then
+58S3nNh1wzc-01326-00290320-00290415 they get
+58S3nNh1wzc-01327-00290416-00290599 hit with inappropriate ranges of
+58S3nNh1wzc-01328-00290600-00290782 medications because
+58S3nNh1wzc-01329-00290783-00290991 we haven't been prepared to intervene
+58S3nNh1wzc-01330-00290992-00291095 earlier and people
+58S3nNh1wzc-01331-00291096-00291863 get despair and
+58S3nNh1wzc-01332-00291864-00292143 in terms of the role of medication in
+58S3nNh1wzc-01333-00292144-00292295 older people
+58S3nNh1wzc-01334-00292296-00292599 so uh look forward to that um
+58S3nNh1wzc-01335-00292600-00292743 no surprise that there are a few
+58S3nNh1wzc-01336-00292744-00292999 questions coming up about covid
+58S3nNh1wzc-01337-00293000-00293191 uh how how do you think this is
+58S3nNh1wzc-01338-00293192-00293391 affecting older people
+58S3nNh1wzc-01339-00293392-00293663 and i imagine people out there are
+58S3nNh1wzc-01340-00293664-00293751 thinking of
+58S3nNh1wzc-01341-00293752-00294079 the worsening of the social determinants
+58S3nNh1wzc-01342-00294080-00294247 of health such as loneliness
+58S3nNh1wzc-01343-00294248-00294839 that's that's afflicting us
+58S3nNh1wzc-01344-00294840-00295215 saving oh yes
+58S3nNh1wzc-01345-00295216-00295630 go ahead first okay was that me um i've
+58S3nNh1wzc-01346-00295631-00295734 been amazed
+58S3nNh1wzc-01347-00295735-00296103 at how resilient a lot of older people
+58S3nNh1wzc-01348-00296104-00296182 have been and
+58S3nNh1wzc-01349-00296183-00296463 and uh working down here on the south
+58S3nNh1wzc-01350-00296464-00296519 coast
+58S3nNh1wzc-01351-00296520-00296719 you know we had the bushfires um late
+58S3nNh1wzc-01352-00296720-00296854 last year and early this year and we
+58S3nNh1wzc-01353-00296855-00296999 thought that was bad
+58S3nNh1wzc-01354-00297000-00297287 um and now we've got covered and of
+58S3nNh1wzc-01355-00297288-00297503 course batemans bay was a um
+58S3nNh1wzc-01356-00297504-00297823 was a uh a hot spot um
+58S3nNh1wzc-01357-00297824-00298063 over the weekend unfortunately
+58S3nNh1wzc-01358-00298064-00298263 fortunately there haven't been any more
+58S3nNh1wzc-01359-00298264-00298503 um detected but it's been interesting
+58S3nNh1wzc-01360-00298504-00298679 quite a few older people are doing very
+58S3nNh1wzc-01361-00298680-00298775 well they've said
+58S3nNh1wzc-01362-00298776-00299006 they have met more in their communities
+58S3nNh1wzc-01363-00299007-00299158 this is older people living at home
+58S3nNh1wzc-01364-00299159-00299263 obviously
+58S3nNh1wzc-01365-00299264-00299399 it's much harder for people in
+58S3nNh1wzc-01366-00299400-00299639 residential care particularly those who
+58S3nNh1wzc-01367-00299640-00299663 are
+58S3nNh1wzc-01368-00299664-00299903 in facilities that have not been allowed
+58S3nNh1wzc-01369-00299904-00300015 to have visitors
+58S3nNh1wzc-01370-00300016-00300254 and i see this very much in my own
+58S3nNh1wzc-01371-00300255-00300479 family my mother is in a facility
+58S3nNh1wzc-01372-00300480-00300647 she is she's in a high care dementia
+58S3nNh1wzc-01373-00300648-00300895 unit i'm allowed to visit her
+58S3nNh1wzc-01374-00300896-00301134 as often as i like as long as i'm
+58S3nNh1wzc-01375-00301135-00301263 temperature checked and asked for the
+58S3nNh1wzc-01376-00301264-00301430 questions and hand sanitise
+58S3nNh1wzc-01377-00301431-00301639 and only spend an hour with her my
+58S3nNh1wzc-01378-00301640-00301806 mother-in-law on the other hand only
+58S3nNh1wzc-01379-00301807-00301895 recently
+58S3nNh1wzc-01380-00301896-00302103 has been allowed to have any visitors at
+58S3nNh1wzc-01381-00302104-00302215 all
+58S3nNh1wzc-01382-00302216-00302463 and i think it is very very hard for
+58S3nNh1wzc-01383-00302464-00302639 those people in residential care
+58S3nNh1wzc-01384-00302640-00302934 often to understand why you know their
+58S3nNh1wzc-01385-00302935-00303030 husband or wife
+58S3nNh1wzc-01386-00303031-00303351 or child isn't visiting um and while
+58S3nNh1wzc-01387-00303352-00303527 telephones are quite good
+58S3nNh1wzc-01388-00303528-00303703 it's not so good if you've got dementia
+58S3nNh1wzc-01389-00303704-00303887 or you're deaf um
+58S3nNh1wzc-01390-00303888-00304063 we're doing quite a lot of telehealth
+58S3nNh1wzc-01391-00304064-00304191 i've certainly
+58S3nNh1wzc-01392-00304192-00304439 um expanded that all i have been doing
+58S3nNh1wzc-01393-00304440-00304519 for some years
+58S3nNh1wzc-01394-00304520-00304734 anyway and it's still very difficult
+58S3nNh1wzc-01395-00304735-00304991 when someone's cognitively impaired to
+58S3nNh1wzc-01396-00304992-00305327 to be able to see or hear um adequately
+58S3nNh1wzc-01397-00305328-00305399 and understand
+58S3nNh1wzc-01398-00305400-00305719 what's actually going on so i think in
+58S3nNh1wzc-01399-00305720-00305895 response to the questions
+58S3nNh1wzc-01400-00305896-00306206 stephen i've been a mix of reactions
+58S3nNh1wzc-01401-00306207-00306415 and i think we've got to work out what
+58S3nNh1wzc-01402-00306416-00306615 have we done that works really well and
+58S3nNh1wzc-01403-00306616-00306823 what can we take forward and i think the
+58S3nNh1wzc-01404-00306824-00306903 gp
+58S3nNh1wzc-01405-00306904-00307151 telehealth consultations are a real
+58S3nNh1wzc-01406-00307152-00307271 positive
+58S3nNh1wzc-01407-00307272-00307519 um and certainly we've done a few of
+58S3nNh1wzc-01408-00307520-00307575 them
+58S3nNh1wzc-01409-00307576-00307767 where i work down the south coast and a
+58S3nNh1wzc-01410-00307768-00307951 lot more in sydney
+58S3nNh1wzc-01411-00307952-00308191 but it's where do we go in the future
+58S3nNh1wzc-01412-00308192-00308367 and i'd love to hear my colleagues
+58S3nNh1wzc-01413-00308368-00308487 comments on
+58S3nNh1wzc-01414-00308488-00308775 their experiences um certainly have
+58S3nNh1wzc-01415-00308776-00309095 covert
+58S3nNh1wzc-01416-00309096-00309399 i actually did a presentation around
+58S3nNh1wzc-01417-00309400-00309575 what we've learned from overseas about
+58S3nNh1wzc-01418-00309576-00309799 um epidemics and pandemics
+58S3nNh1wzc-01419-00309800-00309982 um and older business mental health and
+58S3nNh1wzc-01420-00309983-00310223 actually um i could send that in as a
+58S3nNh1wzc-01421-00310224-00310406 link people were interested in viewing
+58S3nNh1wzc-01422-00310407-00310463 that
+58S3nNh1wzc-01423-00310464-00310734 um but i think key messages there are is
+58S3nNh1wzc-01424-00310735-00310910 in some places older people have been
+58S3nNh1wzc-01425-00310911-00311047 very vulnerable
+58S3nNh1wzc-01426-00311048-00311382 and more risk of suicide probably about
+58S3nNh1wzc-01427-00311383-00311510 that those issues of social
+58S3nNh1wzc-01428-00311511-00311791 disconnectedness and and also
+58S3nNh1wzc-01429-00311792-00312054 not accessing services um but in other
+58S3nNh1wzc-01430-00312055-00312103 places
+58S3nNh1wzc-01431-00312104-00312415 they've actually done very well um and i
+58S3nNh1wzc-01432-00312416-00312591 think what that's about is actually the
+58S3nNh1wzc-01433-00312592-00312758 environment the person is in their
+58S3nNh1wzc-01434-00312759-00312903 social environment which is very
+58S3nNh1wzc-01435-00312904-00313006 personal
+58S3nNh1wzc-01436-00313007-00313230 is really crucial so i think in thinking
+58S3nNh1wzc-01437-00313231-00313319 about
+58S3nNh1wzc-01438-00313320-00313606 um the older person this time of covert
+58S3nNh1wzc-01439-00313607-00313654 actually
+58S3nNh1wzc-01440-00313655-00313871 understanding have what their social
+58S3nNh1wzc-01441-00313872-00313982 environment is about
+58S3nNh1wzc-01442-00313983-00314151 have they got a source of access and
+58S3nNh1wzc-01443-00314152-00314310 support is to
+58S3nNh1wzc-01444-00314311-00314567 me the crucial thing that that i focus
+58S3nNh1wzc-01445-00314568-00314679 on encouraging
+58S3nNh1wzc-01446-00314680-00314975 others to focus on and i'd agree there'd
+58S3nNh1wzc-01447-00314976-00315167 been some residential care facilities
+58S3nNh1wzc-01448-00315168-00315343 that have been outstanding and actually
+58S3nNh1wzc-01449-00315344-00315415 people said
+58S3nNh1wzc-01450-00315416-00315615 you know their lives have improved
+58S3nNh1wzc-01451-00315616-00315751 during covert
+58S3nNh1wzc-01452-00315752-00315919 other people obviously have been
+58S3nNh1wzc-01453-00315920-00316110 extremely fearful
+58S3nNh1wzc-01454-00316111-00316327 and it's been very negative and i
+58S3nNh1wzc-01455-00316328-00316495 suspect in the community
+58S3nNh1wzc-01456-00316496-00316775 this similar range but as i said really
+58S3nNh1wzc-01457-00316776-00316934 i think that issue is about the
+58S3nNh1wzc-01458-00316935-00317103 environment and
+58S3nNh1wzc-01459-00317104-00317310 if there's something positive we can do
+58S3nNh1wzc-01460-00317311-00317423 it is making sure
+58S3nNh1wzc-01461-00317424-00317615 each older person's got someone they can
+58S3nNh1wzc-01462-00317616-00317782 connect to
+58S3nNh1wzc-01463-00317783-00317982 if they need to and that person can
+58S3nNh1wzc-01464-00317983-00318223 support them
+58S3nNh1wzc-01465-00318224-00318551 i mean
+58S3nNh1wzc-01466-00318552-00318727 we'd have some widowers and uh and
+58S3nNh1wzc-01467-00318728-00318887 certainly uh
+58S3nNh1wzc-01468-00318888-00319158 the degree of resiliency we see in our
+58S3nNh1wzc-01469-00319159-00319343 population is really
+58S3nNh1wzc-01470-00319344-00319519 has been quite surprising i think for
+58S3nNh1wzc-01471-00319520-00319695 many of the other clinicians
+58S3nNh1wzc-01472-00319696-00319903 um the issues we've i guess been dealing
+58S3nNh1wzc-01473-00319904-00320030 more with their issues around end of
+58S3nNh1wzc-01474-00320031-00320103 life
+58S3nNh1wzc-01475-00320104-00320479 family access um funerals um
+58S3nNh1wzc-01476-00320480-00320654 particularly the involvement of all the
+58S3nNh1wzc-01477-00320655-00320839 people in funerals um
+58S3nNh1wzc-01478-00320840-00320999 and also some of the complications for
+58S3nNh1wzc-01479-00321000-00321143 people who've been bereaved
+58S3nNh1wzc-01480-00321144-00321399 um particularly whether breedman may
+58S3nNh1wzc-01481-00321400-00321615 have kind of legal processes involved
+58S3nNh1wzc-01482-00321616-00321991 um so i think in general we're seeing
+58S3nNh1wzc-01483-00321992-00322143 people coping kind of really well and i
+58S3nNh1wzc-01484-00322144-00322303 think it's important to remember that
+58S3nNh1wzc-01485-00322304-00322679 in in the bereavement space you know 93
+58S3nNh1wzc-01486-00322680-00322830 of people respond to bereavement with
+58S3nNh1wzc-01487-00322831-00323030 great resiliency um
+58S3nNh1wzc-01488-00323031-00323223 and go through a kind of acute period of
+58S3nNh1wzc-01489-00323224-00323382 pain and distress but then
+58S3nNh1wzc-01490-00323383-00323575 you know adapt uh we're really talking
+58S3nNh1wzc-01491-00323576-00323719 about a very small
+58S3nNh1wzc-01492-00323720-00323871 proportion of people whose these
+58S3nNh1wzc-01493-00323872-00324071 bereavements kind of derail them
+58S3nNh1wzc-01494-00324072-00324319 uh or undo them and that we then see
+58S3nNh1wzc-01495-00324320-00324454 this kind of prolonged
+58S3nNh1wzc-01496-00324455-00324710 you know complication briefing so it's
+58S3nNh1wzc-01497-00324711-00324806 certainly important to
+58S3nNh1wzc-01498-00324807-00325015 not only be strength focused but also to
+58S3nNh1wzc-01499-00325016-00325254 recognize the high level of resiliency
+58S3nNh1wzc-01500-00325255-00325527 out there in the community
+58S3nNh1wzc-01501-00325528-00325782 i think it's important to recognize that
+58S3nNh1wzc-01502-00325783-00325967 it's also a time of economic recession
+58S3nNh1wzc-01503-00325968-00326103 coming
+58S3nNh1wzc-01504-00326104-00326279 and in general older people have
+58S3nNh1wzc-01505-00326280-00326479 actually coped better psychologically in
+58S3nNh1wzc-01506-00326480-00326567 that time
+58S3nNh1wzc-01507-00326568-00326854 than younger people um so we do need to
+58S3nNh1wzc-01508-00326855-00326927 be aware that
+58S3nNh1wzc-01509-00326928-00327182 the older men do have a very high risk
+58S3nNh1wzc-01510-00327183-00327263 of suicide
+58S3nNh1wzc-01511-00327264-00327543 we can't ignore that but there's a lot
+58S3nNh1wzc-01512-00327544-00327734 of resilience in older people a lot of
+58S3nNh1wzc-01513-00327735-00327815 our volunteers
+58S3nNh1wzc-01514-00327816-00328054 our leaders are older people we need to
+58S3nNh1wzc-01515-00328055-00328639 respect that and try and work with that
+58S3nNh1wzc-01516-00328640-00328894 so thank you i think that's
+58S3nNh1wzc-01517-00328895-00329006 [Music]
+58S3nNh1wzc-01518-00329007-00329406 that's very positive and uh
+58S3nNh1wzc-01519-00329407-00329654 we have to remain positive it says a
+58S3nNh1wzc-01520-00329655-00329806 couple of questions come in
+58S3nNh1wzc-01521-00329807-00330175 from uh some of the
+58S3nNh1wzc-01522-00330176-00330487 registrants um the
+58S3nNh1wzc-01523-00330488-00330710 the demographic of our registrants is
+58S3nNh1wzc-01524-00330711-00330847 split
+58S3nNh1wzc-01525-00330848-00331030 between those who've had medical
+58S3nNh1wzc-01526-00331031-00331151 training and those
+58S3nNh1wzc-01527-00331152-00331303 who haven't had a strict medical
+58S3nNh1wzc-01528-00331304-00331478 training uh
+58S3nNh1wzc-01529-00331479-00331719 virginia obviously i think one of you
+58S3nNh1wzc-01530-00331720-00331854 mentioned she's a bit of a heart
+58S3nNh1wzc-01531-00331855-00332263 think because one wonders
+58S3nNh1wzc-01532-00332264-00332671 what can you do to help
+58S3nNh1wzc-01533-00332672-00332967 we've all offered many solutions but i
+58S3nNh1wzc-01534-00332968-00333134 think for
+58S3nNh1wzc-01535-00333135-00333487 those of us in the medical field um
+58S3nNh1wzc-01536-00333488-00333823 especially gps where we're trained to
+58S3nNh1wzc-01537-00333824-00334134 to help and to do and when we're faced
+58S3nNh1wzc-01538-00334135-00334247 with someone
+58S3nNh1wzc-01539-00334248-00334551 like virginia we're we're a bit up
+58S3nNh1wzc-01540-00334552-00334782 against it
+58S3nNh1wzc-01541-00334783-00335095 the questions is came in about
+58S3nNh1wzc-01542-00335096-00335758 how do you motivate the unmotivatable
+58S3nNh1wzc-01543-00335759-00336087 well one is that motivatable
+58S3nNh1wzc-01544-00336088-00336399 that's good um and and i think
+58S3nNh1wzc-01545-00336400-00336647 and i think to me the issue there is and
+58S3nNh1wzc-01546-00336648-00336871 i'll go back to that issue about
+58S3nNh1wzc-01547-00336872-00337175 recovery orientation um is
+58S3nNh1wzc-01548-00337176-00337503 that recovery orientation is very much
+58S3nNh1wzc-01549-00337504-00337654 like the more modern literature about
+58S3nNh1wzc-01550-00337655-00337823 person setting care
+58S3nNh1wzc-01551-00337824-00338006 it is about understanding the person
+58S3nNh1wzc-01552-00338007-00338134 their goals
+58S3nNh1wzc-01553-00338135-00338391 um what their goals are now or they were
+58S3nNh1wzc-01554-00338392-00338519 because actually
+58S3nNh1wzc-01555-00338520-00338758 it may be that if virginia is depressed
+58S3nNh1wzc-01556-00338759-00338951 or bereaved she can't remember the goals
+58S3nNh1wzc-01557-00338952-00339078 that she had
+58S3nNh1wzc-01558-00339079-00339367 and we need to help her to refine that
+58S3nNh1wzc-01559-00339368-00339527 goals which means we need to speak to
+58S3nNh1wzc-01560-00339528-00339727 those who knew those before
+58S3nNh1wzc-01561-00339728-00339975 or to try to work that out from the bits
+58S3nNh1wzc-01562-00339976-00340215 we can get from virginia
+58S3nNh1wzc-01563-00340216-00340423 and if we focus on her rather than her
+58S3nNh1wzc-01564-00340424-00340551 problems
+58S3nNh1wzc-01565-00340552-00340767 you'll find what are those things that
+58S3nNh1wzc-01566-00340768-00340999 will help motivate her
+58S3nNh1wzc-01567-00341000-00341319 and sometimes it does take time um
+58S3nNh1wzc-01568-00341320-00341487 but when i said no one could not be
+58S3nNh1wzc-01569-00341488-00341727 motivated i can't think of the last
+58S3nNh1wzc-01570-00341728-00341951 person
+58S3nNh1wzc-01571-00341952-00342143 outside the context of some people with
+58S3nNh1wzc-01572-00342144-00342327 dementia where there might be a very
+58S3nNh1wzc-01573-00342328-00342510 physical thing causing that lack of
+58S3nNh1wzc-01574-00342511-00342687 motivation it's a different issue
+58S3nNh1wzc-01575-00342688-00342982 but outside of that i think everyone can
+58S3nNh1wzc-01576-00342983-00343112 find a motivation as
+58S3nNh1wzc-01577-00343113-00343671 [Music]
+58S3nNh1wzc-01578-00343672-00343878 i think the important thing is
+58S3nNh1wzc-01579-00343879-00344143 instilling or co-creating a sense of
+58S3nNh1wzc-01580-00344144-00344287 hope
+58S3nNh1wzc-01581-00344288-00344519 many bereaved people don't take up
+58S3nNh1wzc-01582-00344520-00344623 referrals because
+58S3nNh1wzc-01583-00344624-00344823 they feel it's too painful it's too
+58S3nNh1wzc-01584-00344824-00344958 painful to go there
+58S3nNh1wzc-01585-00344959-00345287 and so finding ways that uh you know
+58S3nNh1wzc-01586-00345288-00345430 developing a kind of collaborative
+58S3nNh1wzc-01587-00345431-00345606 trusting relationship with that that
+58S3nNh1wzc-01588-00345607-00345775 kind of pain this titrates is really
+58S3nNh1wzc-01589-00345776-00345927 important but it really does
+58S3nNh1wzc-01590-00345928-00346134 it does require a kind of a strong kind
+58S3nNh1wzc-01591-00346135-00346295 of therapeutic relationship
+58S3nNh1wzc-01592-00346296-00346623 um um in order for that level of trust i
+58S3nNh1wzc-01593-00346624-00346727 think the other
+58S3nNh1wzc-01594-00346728-00346910 thing we find is that people often don't
+58S3nNh1wzc-01595-00346911-00347030 take up referrals to breed me because
+58S3nNh1wzc-01596-00347031-00347206 they don't still make a difference
+58S3nNh1wzc-01597-00347207-00347391 and so i think it's important to kind of
+58S3nNh1wzc-01598-00347392-00347510 recognize that
+58S3nNh1wzc-01599-00347511-00347734 you know this field of greek river has
+58S3nNh1wzc-01600-00347735-00347823 moved on
+58S3nNh1wzc-01601-00347824-00348039 incredibly since the late 60s and kublai
+58S3nNh1wzc-01602-00348040-00348239 ross's kind of stage model that we now
+58S3nNh1wzc-01603-00348240-00348430 have good evidence-informed
+58S3nNh1wzc-01604-00348431-00348671 interventions that can make a difference
+58S3nNh1wzc-01605-00348672-00348751 and can
+58S3nNh1wzc-01606-00348752-00348991 um you know reactivate people's
+58S3nNh1wzc-01607-00348992-00349063 engagement
+58S3nNh1wzc-01608-00349064-00349271 in the world and you know for them to
+58S3nNh1wzc-01609-00349272-00349399 live alongside
+58S3nNh1wzc-01610-00349400-00349727 those experiences of loss um so i think
+58S3nNh1wzc-01611-00349728-00349967 instilling a sense of hope and optimism
+58S3nNh1wzc-01612-00349968-00350030 um
+58S3nNh1wzc-01613-00350031-00350182 i think the other thing we find also in
+58S3nNh1wzc-01614-00350183-00350430 britain is often the person who would
+58S3nNh1wzc-01615-00350431-00350654 resource them or assist them in seeking
+58S3nNh1wzc-01616-00350655-00350767 support and care
+58S3nNh1wzc-01617-00350768-00351006 um isn't there i mean that person has
+58S3nNh1wzc-01618-00351007-00351071 died
+58S3nNh1wzc-01619-00351072-00351367 and so i think the kind of resources of
+58S3nNh1wzc-01620-00351368-00351575 of actually going to appointments and
+58S3nNh1wzc-01621-00351576-00351703 one of the things we found is
+58S3nNh1wzc-01622-00351704-00351943 i think with telehealth is it's actually
+58S3nNh1wzc-01623-00351944-00352063 increased access
+58S3nNh1wzc-01624-00352064-00352310 because people are able to do it often
+58S3nNh1wzc-01625-00352311-00352399 in their own time
+58S3nNh1wzc-01626-00352400-00352710 in their own place that's safe
+58S3nNh1wzc-01627-00352711-00352839 but i think this idea of you know
+58S3nNh1wzc-01628-00352840-00353151 instilling hope that that
+58S3nNh1wzc-01629-00353152-00353351 is is really important and also
+58S3nNh1wzc-01630-00353352-00353478 recognizing that
+58S3nNh1wzc-01631-00353479-00353823 you know we can't we can't do that
+58S3nNh1wzc-01632-00353824-00354015 completely and of course individuals
+58S3nNh1wzc-01633-00354016-00354191 have free agency and
+58S3nNh1wzc-01634-00354192-00354478 we do all that we can um that we hang in
+58S3nNh1wzc-01635-00354479-00354575 there and and
+58S3nNh1wzc-01636-00354576-00354975 uh and do whatever we can to um
+58S3nNh1wzc-01637-00354976-00355158 develop an understanding of those
+58S3nNh1wzc-01638-00355159-00355406 referral sources too so we can speak
+58S3nNh1wzc-01639-00355407-00355682 about them with some degree of
+58S3nNh1wzc-01640-00355683-00356191 confidence
+58S3nNh1wzc-01641-00356192-00356351 i think there's a huge responsibility
+58S3nNh1wzc-01642-00356352-00356582 there for us to maintain our own hope
+58S3nNh1wzc-01643-00356583-00356815 um i had an excellent presentation to
+58S3nNh1wzc-01644-00356816-00357030 the american psychiatrist talking about
+58S3nNh1wzc-01645-00357031-00357310 our role is to help the person see a
+58S3nNh1wzc-01646-00357311-00357487 future they cannot imagine
+58S3nNh1wzc-01647-00357488-00357710 um and to do that we have to maintain
+58S3nNh1wzc-01648-00357711-00357830 our hope
+58S3nNh1wzc-01649-00357831-00358263 and um i think if we do that
+58S3nNh1wzc-01650-00358264-00358654 that that in itself is a huge help for
+58S3nNh1wzc-01651-00358655-00359127 to virginia and people like her
+58S3nNh1wzc-01652-00359128-00359327 yes that's exactly what i was going to
+58S3nNh1wzc-01653-00359328-00359454 say yeah
+58S3nNh1wzc-01654-00359455-00359751 we've got to stay we have to stay
+58S3nNh1wzc-01655-00359752-00359887 positive and hopeful
+58S3nNh1wzc-01656-00359888-00360271 and it's not always easy um
+58S3nNh1wzc-01657-00360272-00360423 you know and i was the one that said
+58S3nNh1wzc-01658-00360424-00360639 heart sync patience but in a way
+58S3nNh1wzc-01659-00360640-00360815 saying that then makes you think okay
+58S3nNh1wzc-01660-00360816-00361039 what are we going to do about this
+58S3nNh1wzc-01661-00361040-00361439 how can we develop hope in them and
+58S3nNh1wzc-01662-00361440-00361775 and uh and um also in ourselves and
+58S3nNh1wzc-01663-00361776-00361975 look just uh some comments that have
+58S3nNh1wzc-01664-00361976-00362143 come in through the chat box about the
+58S3nNh1wzc-01665-00362144-00362271 usefulness
+58S3nNh1wzc-01666-00362272-00362527 um and appropriateness of other um
+58S3nNh1wzc-01667-00362528-00362671 disciplines and i think
+58S3nNh1wzc-01668-00362672-00362975 um of some very successful work that i
+58S3nNh1wzc-01669-00362976-00363110 have seen done
+58S3nNh1wzc-01670-00363111-00363327 um with occupational therapists and i
+58S3nNh1wzc-01671-00363328-00363439 know there are some on particularly
+58S3nNh1wzc-01672-00363440-00363647 mental health occupational therapists
+58S3nNh1wzc-01673-00363648-00363823 and i declare an interest here because
+58S3nNh1wzc-01674-00363824-00363999 my daughter-in-law is one
+58S3nNh1wzc-01675-00364000-00364230 and i really have learnt what they can
+58S3nNh1wzc-01676-00364231-00364430 offer and i think there will certainly
+58S3nNh1wzc-01677-00364431-00364639 be things in terms of virginia
+58S3nNh1wzc-01678-00364640-00364982 it's just how we access those um
+58S3nNh1wzc-01679-00364983-00365191 easily and they are in mental health
+58S3nNh1wzc-01680-00365192-00365375 services and i think in
+58S3nNh1wzc-01681-00365376-00365606 old people's mental health services but
+58S3nNh1wzc-01682-00365607-00365782 but getting them i think
+58S3nNh1wzc-01683-00365783-00365982 is can be difficult but i did want to
+58S3nNh1wzc-01684-00365983-00366151 highlight that because
+58S3nNh1wzc-01685-00366152-00366495 that's certainly one um one
+58S3nNh1wzc-01686-00366496-00366687 group of people that i think in some
+58S3nNh1wzc-01687-00366688-00366878 ways are underutilized
+58S3nNh1wzc-01688-00366879-00367158 and really do understand both the
+58S3nNh1wzc-01689-00367159-00367239 physical
+58S3nNh1wzc-01690-00367240-00367439 and if you like activities of the
+58S3nNh1wzc-01691-00367440-00367654 functional the functional side
+58S3nNh1wzc-01692-00367655-00367958 and the cognitive and
+58S3nNh1wzc-01693-00367959-00368223 mental health side of well particularly
+58S3nNh1wzc-01694-00368224-00368358 older people in my case
+58S3nNh1wzc-01695-00368359-00368647 but i'm sure in in all age groups and i
+58S3nNh1wzc-01696-00368648-00368863 i think we really have to acknowledge
+58S3nNh1wzc-01697-00368864-00369134 you know their incredible usefulness and
+58S3nNh1wzc-01698-00369135-00369215 they often
+58S3nNh1wzc-01699-00369216-00369375 you know make uh they're often
+58S3nNh1wzc-01700-00369376-00370743 successful where we're not
+58S3nNh1wzc-01701-00370744-00370934 and community i mean there's so many
+58S3nNh1wzc-01702-00370935-00371054 resources
+58S3nNh1wzc-01703-00371055-00371391 for peer-to-peer in the community now
+58S3nNh1wzc-01704-00371392-00371734 the awareness of the culture i think is
+58S3nNh1wzc-01705-00371735-00371830 changing
+58S3nNh1wzc-01706-00371831-00372102 so we're at that point that uh like in q
+58S3nNh1wzc-01707-00372103-00372206 a
+58S3nNh1wzc-01708-00372207-00372519 we ask for a one sentence sum up from
+58S3nNh1wzc-01709-00372520-00372639 each of you
+58S3nNh1wzc-01710-00372640-00372895 and it's a bit bit of a bit of an ask i
+58S3nNh1wzc-01711-00372896-00373023 know but
+58S3nNh1wzc-01712-00373024-00373351 i'm sure you're up to it
+58S3nNh1wzc-01713-00373352-00373687 would you who would like to start just a
+58S3nNh1wzc-01714-00373688-00374047 brief summary of what you reckon
+58S3nNh1wzc-01715-00374048-00374502 about virginia or uh
+58S3nNh1wzc-01716-00374503-00374654 mental health for older people in
+58S3nNh1wzc-01717-00374655-00375095 general
+58S3nNh1wzc-01718-00375096-00375430 well i'll go since i started um the
+58S3nNh1wzc-01719-00375431-00375687 um i think it's particularly and we've
+58S3nNh1wzc-01720-00375688-00375775 said it already
+58S3nNh1wzc-01721-00375776-00375975 giving her hope finding out what it is
+58S3nNh1wzc-01722-00375976-00376119 that makes her tick
+58S3nNh1wzc-01723-00376120-00376430 so we can work out how we can motivate
+58S3nNh1wzc-01724-00376431-00376502 her and
+58S3nNh1wzc-01725-00376503-00376775 you know the the i i guess i was saying
+58S3nNh1wzc-01726-00376776-00376927 if she may be one of the
+58S3nNh1wzc-01727-00376928-00377206 unmotivatable if there is such a word
+58S3nNh1wzc-01728-00377207-00377239 but
+58S3nNh1wzc-01729-00377240-00377519 certainly understanding that is i think
+58S3nNh1wzc-01730-00377520-00377654 really important
+58S3nNh1wzc-01731-00377655-00377919 what is the way into virginia and
+58S3nNh1wzc-01732-00377920-00378095 certainly i'm sure we could do
+58S3nNh1wzc-01733-00378096-00378319 uh we could help with her her um
+58S3nNh1wzc-01734-00378320-00378519 physical health and and maybe i can
+58S3nNh1wzc-01735-00378520-00378663 convince her to do a little bit of
+58S3nNh1wzc-01736-00378664-00378854 exercise and lose some weight
+58S3nNh1wzc-01737-00378855-00379047 um and that would help in some of the
+58S3nNh1wzc-01738-00379048-00379182 other areas but
+58S3nNh1wzc-01739-00379183-00379415 you know if we can just find the
+58S3nNh1wzc-01740-00379416-00379510 in her armor
+58S3nNh1wzc-01741-00379511-00379871 and get in there and maybe make a few
+58S3nNh1wzc-01742-00379872-00380175 small changes then she'd get she can see
+58S3nNh1wzc-01743-00380176-00380310 what she can do
+58S3nNh1wzc-01744-00380311-00380502 and i think that's quite important in
+58S3nNh1wzc-01745-00380503-00380702 terms of it but i really do like the
+58S3nNh1wzc-01746-00380703-00380791 idea of hope
+58S3nNh1wzc-01747-00380792-00381110 how we give her hope i guess that's what
+58S3nNh1wzc-01748-00381111-00381247 i'd really be
+58S3nNh1wzc-01749-00381248-00381927 keen to see with virginia
+58S3nNh1wzc-01750-00381928-00382375 i like that i'm sure everyone does
+58S3nNh1wzc-01751-00382376-00382871 that simple word uh crystal rock
+58S3nNh1wzc-01752-00382872-00383030 well i think we've touched upon a number
+58S3nNh1wzc-01753-00383031-00383151 of these things i think maintaining a
+58S3nNh1wzc-01754-00383152-00383399 sense of optimism within ourselves
+58S3nNh1wzc-01755-00383400-00383543 and the extent that we can within
+58S3nNh1wzc-01756-00383544-00383782 virginia is important
+58S3nNh1wzc-01757-00383783-00384030 i don't really need to hear a story um
+58S3nNh1wzc-01758-00384031-00384191 this is part of the tantalizing
+58S3nNh1wzc-01759-00384192-00384382 frustrations of case studies there is
+58S3nNh1wzc-01760-00384383-00384471 such
+58S3nNh1wzc-01761-00384472-00384782 nuanced um history and me and and what
+58S3nNh1wzc-01762-00384783-00384975 her meaning is that she's made of her
+58S3nNh1wzc-01763-00384976-00385039 life
+58S3nNh1wzc-01764-00385040-00385367 of her experience um and
+58S3nNh1wzc-01765-00385368-00385663 uh the the importance of kind of
+58S3nNh1wzc-01766-00385664-00385823 sticking in there
+58S3nNh1wzc-01767-00385824-00386071 that what we have is the relationship as
+58S3nNh1wzc-01768-00386072-00386134 it exists
+58S3nNh1wzc-01769-00386135-00386487 at the moment um and to
+58S3nNh1wzc-01770-00386488-00386815 create opportunities for her to um
+58S3nNh1wzc-01771-00386816-00387039 explore that and i'm still very
+58S3nNh1wzc-01772-00387040-00387134 interested in
+58S3nNh1wzc-01773-00387135-00387415 the way that photography um and what's
+58S3nNh1wzc-01774-00387416-00387582 what's her kind of
+58S3nNh1wzc-01775-00387583-00387830 her language of image that might
+58S3nNh1wzc-01776-00387831-00388039 represent her experiences
+58S3nNh1wzc-01777-00388040-00388334 um and uh so i think there's enormous
+58S3nNh1wzc-01778-00388335-00388519 creative potential but within
+58S3nNh1wzc-01779-00388520-00388678 virginia and also within the way we
+58S3nNh1wzc-01780-00388679-00389282 might work with her
+58S3nNh1wzc-01781-00389283-00389543 rod rather than repeat
+58S3nNh1wzc-01782-00389544-00389710 what's just been said no you know i
+58S3nNh1wzc-01783-00389711-00389871 would agree totally
+58S3nNh1wzc-01784-00389872-00390102 i'll take a slight tangent i think what
+58S3nNh1wzc-01785-00390103-00390343 virginia needs and the virginias
+58S3nNh1wzc-01786-00390344-00390623 of this world need is more people in
+58S3nNh1wzc-01787-00390624-00390799 aged care who want to build out their
+58S3nNh1wzc-01788-00390800-00390951 skills in working in mental health and
+58S3nNh1wzc-01789-00390952-00391087 more people in mental health
+58S3nNh1wzc-01790-00391088-00391302 who want to build up the skill and love
+58S3nNh1wzc-01791-00391303-00391487 of working with older people
+58S3nNh1wzc-01792-00391488-00391806 um and you know i'd encourage people to
+58S3nNh1wzc-01793-00391807-00392167 get chris's side um i'd encourage people
+58S3nNh1wzc-01794-00392168-00392375 to think about some of the work we do
+58S3nNh1wzc-01795-00392376-00392502 out of heti
+58S3nNh1wzc-01796-00392503-00392671 where we've got some older persons
+58S3nNh1wzc-01797-00392672-00392830 mental health um
+58S3nNh1wzc-01798-00392831-00393215 courses um and
+58S3nNh1wzc-01799-00393216-00393406 learn more because working with older
+58S3nNh1wzc-01800-00393407-00393687 people is and their mental health
+58S3nNh1wzc-01801-00393688-00393975 and mental illness is just so rewarding
+58S3nNh1wzc-01802-00393976-00394110 and i think that's what virginia needs
+58S3nNh1wzc-01803-00394111-00394287 she needs people who can
+58S3nNh1wzc-01804-00394288-00394534 see that know how to do that love that
+58S3nNh1wzc-01805-00394535-00394710 and give her the hope and with the hope
+58S3nNh1wzc-01806-00394711-00395078 you'll get there
+58S3nNh1wzc-01807-00395079-00395375 certainly someone uh taught me many
+58S3nNh1wzc-01808-00395376-00395495 years ago
+58S3nNh1wzc-01809-00395496-00395743 uh the role of the gp is to hang in
+58S3nNh1wzc-01810-00395744-00395999 there and stay with your patient
+58S3nNh1wzc-01811-00396000-00396278 because they know that you're there
+58S3nNh1wzc-01812-00396279-00396423 through sick and thin
+58S3nNh1wzc-01813-00396424-00396727 that's a very good anchor for everything
+58S3nNh1wzc-01814-00396728-00396767 else
+58S3nNh1wzc-01815-00396768-00396967 that happens still point in a turning
+58S3nNh1wzc-01816-00396968-00397143 world
+58S3nNh1wzc-01817-00397144-00397471 so thank you all um we'll just
+58S3nNh1wzc-01818-00397472-00397799 uh come to that stage of um i'll just
+58S3nNh1wzc-01819-00397800-00398030 move the slide along a little bit
+58S3nNh1wzc-01820-00398031-00398254 that there's all of the resources
+58S3nNh1wzc-01821-00398255-00398447 available
+58S3nNh1wzc-01822-00398448-00398654 that each of the speakers have
+58S3nNh1wzc-01823-00398655-00399102 contributed
+58S3nNh1wzc-01824-00399103-00399487 and
+58S3nNh1wzc-01825-00399488-00399799 i'll just add to this a little bit uh
+58S3nNh1wzc-01826-00399800-00400087 mhpn supports the engagement and ongoing
+58S3nNh1wzc-01827-00400088-00400319 maintenance of practitioner networks
+58S3nNh1wzc-01828-00400320-00400447 where clinicians from different
+58S3nNh1wzc-01829-00400448-00400623 disciplines meet regularly
+58S3nNh1wzc-01830-00400624-00400806 with other mental health practitioners
+58S3nNh1wzc-01831-00400807-00400958 to share and build
+58S3nNh1wzc-01832-00400959-00401327 local referral pathways and engage in
+58S3nNh1wzc-01833-00401328-00401654 cpd activities you'll see
+58S3nNh1wzc-01834-00401655-00401895 we started one in north sydney with the
+58S3nNh1wzc-01835-00401896-00402071 support of
+58S3nNh1wzc-01836-00402072-00402391 mhpn and our local phn
+58S3nNh1wzc-01837-00402392-00402719 we have about four meetings a year
+58S3nNh1wzc-01838-00402720-00403015 we've had talks on substance abuse
+58S3nNh1wzc-01839-00403016-00403110 management
+58S3nNh1wzc-01840-00403111-00403558 of bpsd first nations elders
+58S3nNh1wzc-01841-00403559-00404006 art and music therapy de-prescribing
+58S3nNh1wzc-01842-00404007-00404247 compassionate communities and even a
+58S3nNh1wzc-01843-00404248-00404527 showing of that great film alive inside
+58S3nNh1wzc-01844-00404528-00404806 if any of you get a chance to have a
+58S3nNh1wzc-01845-00404807-00404871 look at that
+58S3nNh1wzc-01846-00404872-00405158 it really is worthwhile so the
+58S3nNh1wzc-01847-00405159-00405247 supporting
+58S3nNh1wzc-01848-00405248-00405630 resources for the webinar are all posted
+58S3nNh1wzc-01849-00405631-00405943 in the supporting resources tab and
+58S3nNh1wzc-01850-00405944-00406102 you'll receive
+58S3nNh1wzc-01851-00406103-00406415 communication from mhpn
+58S3nNh1wzc-01852-00406416-00406710 with the recording of this activity now
+58S3nNh1wzc-01853-00406711-00406775 there will be
+58S3nNh1wzc-01854-00406776-00407087 two further webinars to be delivered by
+58S3nNh1wzc-01855-00407088-00407319 way of this partnership between the 31
+58S3nNh1wzc-01856-00407320-00407654 phns and mhpn
+58S3nNh1wzc-01857-00407655-00407999 and that at these i'm just
+58S3nNh1wzc-01858-00408000-00408254 putting out some of the ideas that that
+58S3nNh1wzc-01859-00408255-00408534 i've had
+58S3nNh1wzc-01860-00408535-00408758 we might discuss the role the community
+58S3nNh1wzc-01861-00408759-00408967 can play
+58S3nNh1wzc-01862-00408968-00409175 to raise the issue of aged care
+58S3nNh1wzc-01863-00409176-00409343 facilities so
+58S3nNh1wzc-01864-00409344-00409655 i think it would be good to to have a
+58S3nNh1wzc-01865-00409656-00409791 panelist to
+58S3nNh1wzc-01866-00409792-00410014 discuss care in residential aged care
+58S3nNh1wzc-01867-00410015-00410159 facilities
+58S3nNh1wzc-01868-00410160-00410374 first nation elders and their care
+58S3nNh1wzc-01869-00410375-00410655 multicultural issues
+58S3nNh1wzc-01870-00410656-00410887 and the role that the wide range of the
+58S3nNh1wzc-01871-00410888-00411087 other healthcare professionals that
+58S3nNh1wzc-01872-00411088-00411159 we've
+58S3nNh1wzc-01873-00411160-00411534 we've talked about a little bit tonight
+58S3nNh1wzc-01874-00411535-00411839 could be expanded on and also the care
+58S3nNh1wzc-01875-00411839-00411863 of
+58S3nNh1wzc-01876-00411864-00412174 our socially marginalized and
+58S3nNh1wzc-01877-00412175-00412487 uh vulnerable older citizens
+58S3nNh1wzc-01878-00412488-00412774 so those are a few sort of topics that
+58S3nNh1wzc-01879-00412775-00413174 we might be able to weave into
+58S3nNh1wzc-01880-00413175-00413422 our future webinars but we we really
+58S3nNh1wzc-01881-00413423-00413534 would appreciate
+58S3nNh1wzc-01882-00413535-00413847 uh in the exit survey
+58S3nNh1wzc-01883-00413847-00414070 that you put some of your ideas for the
+58S3nNh1wzc-01884-00414071-00414222 topics and then the
+58S3nNh1wzc-01885-00414223-00414614 phn and mhpn reference group will
+58S3nNh1wzc-01886-00414615-00414734 consider
+58S3nNh1wzc-01887-00414735-00415014 suggestions and that will help us plan
+58S3nNh1wzc-01888-00415015-00415334 the second and third webinars
+58S3nNh1wzc-01889-00415335-00415766 produced through the this partnership
+58S3nNh1wzc-01890-00415767-00416110 so my sincere thanks
+58S3nNh1wzc-01891-00416112-00416455 to this evening's panel uh
+58S3nNh1wzc-01892-00416456-00416734 sue rog and chris thank you for your
+58S3nNh1wzc-01893-00416735-00416807 time and
+58S3nNh1wzc-01894-00416808-00417214 sharing your great wisdom um
+58S3nNh1wzc-01895-00417215-00417455 i certainly find that uh one of the
+58S3nNh1wzc-01896-00417456-00417718 great pleasures of an event such as this
+58S3nNh1wzc-01897-00417719-00417951 is if we can allow it to live on in the
+58S3nNh1wzc-01898-00417952-00418070 busyness of
+58S3nNh1wzc-01899-00418071-00418447 the next day and so it may inspire us to
+58S3nNh1wzc-01900-00418447-00418663 experience a consultation
+58S3nNh1wzc-01901-00418664-00418918 with slightly different eyes with some
+58S3nNh1wzc-01902-00418919-00419007 of your
+58S3nNh1wzc-01903-00419008-00419207 your words and wisdoms ringing in our
+58S3nNh1wzc-01904-00419208-00419374 ears i hope as we
+58S3nNh1wzc-01905-00419375-00419663 we see perhaps what we call an easy
+58S3nNh1wzc-01906-00419664-00419879 patient but also perhaps that heart
+58S3nNh1wzc-01907-00419880-00420087 think patient
+58S3nNh1wzc-01908-00420088-00420422 so um i hope that happens for you all
+58S3nNh1wzc-01909-00420423-00420775 and uh please remember to use the exit
+58S3nNh1wzc-01910-00420776-00421095 survey and uh
+58S3nNh1wzc-01911-00421096-00421359 i i think that's uh we actually have a
+58S3nNh1wzc-01912-00421360-00421518 couple of minutes left i've
+58S3nNh1wzc-01913-00421519-00422047 i've been probably over
+58S3nNh1wzc-01914-00422047-00422343 cautious about finishing on time my
+58S3nNh1wzc-01915-00422343-00422510 patients will tell you
+58S3nNh1wzc-01916-00422512-00422883 that's either a good or a bad habit of
+58S3nNh1wzc-01917-00422884-00423055 mine so if
+58S3nNh1wzc-01918-00423056-00423327 there was a last word apart from hope
+58S3nNh1wzc-01919-00423328-00423375 that
+58S3nNh1wzc-01920-00423376-00423647 any of you would like to add please do
+58S3nNh1wzc-01921-00423647-00424079 so
+58S3nNh1wzc-01922-00424080-00424799 i might just say
+58S3nNh1wzc-01923-00424800-00424959 i might just say one thing we haven't
+58S3nNh1wzc-01924-00424960-00425239 discussed at all is the issue about
+58S3nNh1wzc-01925-00425239-00425518 the ongoing impact of trauma um in the
+58S3nNh1wzc-01926-00425519-00425735 older person and it's a whole topic in
+58S3nNh1wzc-01927-00425735-00425822 itself
+58S3nNh1wzc-01928-00425823-00426110 but a really really important one to let
+58S3nNh1wzc-01929-00426112-00426303 the person talk if they want to
+58S3nNh1wzc-01930-00426304-00426559 but also to not in any way force them to
+58S3nNh1wzc-01931-00426560-00426663 talk which
+58S3nNh1wzc-01932-00426664-00426855 i i fear that some of the discussion
+58S3nNh1wzc-01933-00426856-00427047 around trauma reform care
+58S3nNh1wzc-01934-00427047-00427383 sometimes encourages um
+58S3nNh1wzc-01935-00427384-00427791 too much focus and and for virginia
+58S3nNh1wzc-01936-00427792-00427983 the understanding of virginia in her
+58S3nNh1wzc-01937-00427984-00428151 entirety
+58S3nNh1wzc-01938-00428152-00428310 the good and the bad is just so
+58S3nNh1wzc-01939-00428312-00428503 important you know just um
+58S3nNh1wzc-01940-00428504-00428639 i think it's one thing we haven't
+58S3nNh1wzc-01941-00428639-00428943 touched on what was the talk in itself
+58S3nNh1wzc-01942-00428943-00429166 well yes there was a question came in
+58S3nNh1wzc-01943-00429167-00429247 and i saw
+58S3nNh1wzc-01944-00429247-00429566 trauma and i thought ah it really does
+58S3nNh1wzc-01945-00429567-00429718 deserve a whole
+58S3nNh1wzc-01946-00429719-00430055 section for itself so we'll
+58S3nNh1wzc-01947-00430056-00430279 certainly plan to do that in in the
+58S3nNh1wzc-01948-00430280-00430455 future webinars
+58S3nNh1wzc-01949-00430456-00431103 thank you for bringing that up rob
+58S3nNh1wzc-01950-00431104-00431383 so i think we'll say goodnight to you
+58S3nNh1wzc-01951-00431384-00431455 all
+58S3nNh1wzc-01952-00431456-00431766 and again thank you and thank you all of
+58S3nNh1wzc-01953-00431767-00431863 you out there
+58S3nNh1wzc-01954-00431864-00432070 it's it's a strange world isn't it that
+58S3nNh1wzc-01955-00432071-00432231 uh you're all muted
+58S3nNh1wzc-01956-00432232-00432431 but i look forward to reading all of
+58S3nNh1wzc-01957-00432432-00432591 your comments
+58S3nNh1wzc-01958-00432592-00432927 on from the chat room and hope to see
+58S3nNh1wzc-01959-00432928-00433159 you at the next webinar
+58S3nNh1wzc-01960-00433160-00433480 have a good evening
+5r0Qg-bFC50-00000-00000128-00000584 we are still working on law of cosine we
+5r0Qg-bFC50-00001-00000585-00001103 had this question in a triangle ABC find
+5r0Qg-bFC50-00002-00001104-00001535 mr. of angle a to the nearest tenth of a
+5r0Qg-bFC50-00003-00001536-00001930 degree a equals six side a equals six
+5r0Qg-bFC50-00004-00001932-00002270 side B equal three and side C equals
+5r0Qg-bFC50-00005-00002271-00002716 four so first let's graph our triangle
+5r0Qg-bFC50-00006-00002717-00003211 the longest side is a which is six years
+5r0Qg-bFC50-00007-00003211-00003851 and then C is a little bit shorter okay
+5r0Qg-bFC50-00008-00003852-00004499 we'll be here around yeah and then be
+5r0Qg-bFC50-00009-00004500-00005597 the shortest one yes then me well group
+5r0Qg-bFC50-00010-00005598-00005929 it and this is our triangle that you
+5r0Qg-bFC50-00011-00005930-00006439 work on close to be perfect
+5r0Qg-bFC50-00012-00006440-00007078 so side a equals six that so write down
+5r0Qg-bFC50-00013-00007079-00007439 your info first a equals six and side C
+5r0Qg-bFC50-00014-00007440-00008621 equals or then side B equals three the
+5r0Qg-bFC50-00015-00008622-00008978 side the angle that opposite to side a
+5r0Qg-bFC50-00016-00008979-00009587 is a capital letter and this is C and
+5r0Qg-bFC50-00017-00009588-00010127 this is angle B and this is my target my
+5r0Qg-bFC50-00018-00010128-00010553 target is to miss your angle a to find a
+5r0Qg-bFC50-00019-00010554-00010748 measurement of angle a that's my target
+5r0Qg-bFC50-00020-00010749-00010996 so right away you're gonna write down
+5r0Qg-bFC50-00021-00010997-00011441 the formula for the law of cosine and we
+5r0Qg-bFC50-00022-00011442-00011960 could use regular formula or angles
+5r0Qg-bFC50-00023-00011961-00012851 formula which is cosine a equals B
+5r0Qg-bFC50-00024-00012852-00013355 square plus C square minus
+5r0Qg-bFC50-00025-00013356-00014297 a square divided by 2 BC let's memorize
+5r0Qg-bFC50-00026-00014298-00014703 again the formula here is we could use a
+5r0Qg-bFC50-00027-00014704-00014900 square equals b squared plus c squared
+5r0Qg-bFC50-00028-00014901-00015269 minus 2bc cosine and then solve it then
+5r0Qg-bFC50-00029-00015270-00015539 solve it works on a later or you could
+5r0Qg-bFC50-00030-00015540-00015728 write away
+5r0Qg-bFC50-00031-00015729-00015938 write down cosine a equals b squared
+5r0Qg-bFC50-00032-00015940-00016269 plus c square minus a square divided by
+5r0Qg-bFC50-00033-00016269-00016705 2 BC that's what we did in this question
+5r0Qg-bFC50-00034-00016706-00017159 and now we're gonna plug it in valleys
+5r0Qg-bFC50-00035-00017160-00017587 so B Square which is 3 squared 3 squared
+5r0Qg-bFC50-00036-00017588-00018039 plus a C square which is 60 squared
+5r0Qg-bFC50-00037-00018040-00018722 minus a B sorry C Square C square is 4 4
+5r0Qg-bFC50-00038-00018723-00019067 squared so it's 3 squared plus 4 squared
+5r0Qg-bFC50-00039-00019068-00019631 minus a square is 6 squared divided by 2
+5r0Qg-bFC50-00040-00019632-00020306 times B times C 2 times 3 times 4 so
+5r0Qg-bFC50-00041-00020307-00020969 cosine a equals 3 square is 9 plus 4
+5r0Qg-bFC50-00042-00020970-00021789 squared 16 9 plus 16 minus 36 divided by
+5r0Qg-bFC50-00043-00021790-00022228 2 times 3 6 times 4 is 24
+5r0Qg-bFC50-00044-00022229-00022908 simplify that 9 plus 16 is 25 25 - 36 is
+5r0Qg-bFC50-00045-00022909-00023531 negative 11 over 24 that's cosine a the
+5r0Qg-bFC50-00046-00023532-00023747 ratio of cosine we're looking for the
+5r0Qg-bFC50-00047-00023748-00023981 angle a so what we could do is to bring
+5r0Qg-bFC50-00048-00023982-00024405 arc 2 cosine to both fights so arc
+5r0Qg-bFC50-00049-00024406-00024878 cosine here are cool the sine and here
+5r0Qg-bFC50-00050-00024879-00025297 is our cosine this will be cancelled and
+5r0Qg-bFC50-00051-00025298-00025472 then a left
+5r0Qg-bFC50-00052-00025473-00026283 so a angle a equals R cosine of negative
+5r0Qg-bFC50-00053-00026283-00026491 11 over
+5r0Qg-bFC50-00054-00026492-00027402 or let's calculate that so our cosine
+5r0Qg-bFC50-00055-00027404-00027702 means make sure because I have seen lard
+5r0Qg-bFC50-00056-00027704-00027949 work from students they don't make sure
+5r0Qg-bFC50-00057-00027950-00028270 that you are enraged you are in degree
+5r0Qg-bFC50-00058-00028270-00028893 system and most of the work have done
+5r0Qg-bFC50-00059-00028894-00029314 the calculator was in Radian mode it
+5r0Qg-bFC50-00060-00029314-00029488 should be in degrees mode so make sure
+5r0Qg-bFC50-00061-00029489-00029889 that you set it on degrees system and
+5r0Qg-bFC50-00062-00029889-00030526 then calculate so arc cosine second
+5r0Qg-bFC50-00063-00030527-00030814 cosine then negative eleven dot minus
+5r0Qg-bFC50-00064-00030814-00031363 eleven negative eleven / make sure level
+5r0Qg-bFC50-00065-00031364-00032118 negative eleven so clear arc cosine of
+5r0Qg-bFC50-00066-00032119-00032683 negative eleven that's divided by
+5r0Qg-bFC50-00067-00032683-00033502 twenty-four then measure of angle a is
+5r0Qg-bFC50-00068-00033503-00033796 one seventeen point three list are
+5r0Qg-bFC50-00069-00033797-00034111 rounded to tends to say it's one
+5r0Qg-bFC50-00070-00034112-00034491 seventeen point three one seventeen
+5r0Qg-bFC50-00071-00034492-00035113 point three degrees that's it
+5s1G6RPW58g-00000-00000281-00000440 thank you
+5s1G6RPW58g-00001-00000441-00000641 we turn now to topical questions and
+5s1G6RPW58g-00002-00000642-00000991 question number one rule mikhay Thank
+5s1G6RPW58g-00003-00000992-00001187 You presiding officer to ask the
+5s1G6RPW58g-00004-00001188-00001394 Scottish Government waters responses to
+5s1G6RPW58g-00005-00001395-00001562 the reported police Scotland estate
+5s1G6RPW58g-00006-00001563-00001796 review on how it will ensure the outcome
+5s1G6RPW58g-00007-00001797-00002023 has no adverse impact on service
+5s1G6RPW58g-00008-00002025-00002231 delivery cabinet secretary Michael
+5s1G6RPW58g-00009-00002232-00002507 Matheson the police caught on the state
+5s1G6RPW58g-00010-00002508-00002657 strategy which was approved by the
+5s1G6RPW58g-00011-00002658-00002767 Scottish police authority on the
+5s1G6RPW58g-00012-00002768-00003122 twenty-fourth of jun 2015 said so to
+5s1G6RPW58g-00013-00003123-00003317 film work with Charles providing a
+5s1G6RPW58g-00014-00003318-00003551 service to local communities at its core
+5s1G6RPW58g-00015-00003552-00003847 and six to remodel the police state to
+5s1G6RPW58g-00016-00003848-00004160 make it fit for for the policing needs
+5s1G6RPW58g-00017-00004161-00004295 of the future
+5s1G6RPW58g-00018-00004296-00004544 it includes a strong emphasis on shared
+5s1G6RPW58g-00019-00004545-00004763 facilities with other public services we
+5s1G6RPW58g-00020-00004764-00005011 are possible that a view of the police
+5s1G6RPW58g-00021-00005012-00005261 state presents opportunities to increase
+5s1G6RPW58g-00022-00005262-00005438 collaboration with partners sharing
+5s1G6RPW58g-00023-00005439-00005693 premises and joining up services to
+5s1G6RPW58g-00024-00005694-00005954 communities they're already examples of
+5s1G6RPW58g-00025-00005955-00006247 that collaboration and Cooper in the
+5s1G6RPW58g-00026-00006248-00006478 divisions leasing with the shelter
+5s1G6RPW58g-00027-00006479-00006713 occupancy arrangement with faith council
+5s1G6RPW58g-00028-00006714-00006998 in Fort William a new shared police and
+5s1G6RPW58g-00029-00006998-00007309 ambulance station was opened in 2014 and
+5s1G6RPW58g-00030-00007311-00007706 aberdeen are poor a joint police and NHS
+5s1G6RPW58g-00031-00007706-00008039 medical practice was opened two years
+5s1G6RPW58g-00032-00008040-00008324 ago in the fairy Hill area discourage
+5s1G6RPW58g-00033-00008325-00008519 police authority has made clear that
+5s1G6RPW58g-00034-00008520-00008744 local police commanders will play are
+5s1G6RPW58g-00035-00008745-00008939 leading role in deciding whether any
+5s1G6RPW58g-00036-00008940-00009152 changes to the police state are
+5s1G6RPW58g-00037-00009153-00009374 compatible with maintaining an effective
+5s1G6RPW58g-00038-00009375-00009638 local policing service engagement will
+5s1G6RPW58g-00039-00009639-00009902 be undertaken by local policing teams to
+5s1G6RPW58g-00040-00009903-00010151 ensure that future decisions are built
+5s1G6RPW58g-00041-00010152-00010414 upon local consultation with communities
+5s1G6RPW58g-00042-00010415-00010880 and partners one-of-a-kind I think the
+5s1G6RPW58g-00043-00010881-00011084 cabinet secretary for the answer what's
+5s1G6RPW58g-00044-00011085-00011267 the team skill for this review and what
+5s1G6RPW58g-00045-00011268-00011420 discussions are taking place between
+5s1G6RPW58g-00046-00011421-00011660 police Scotland and other agencies and
+5s1G6RPW58g-00047-00011661-00011839 local authorities on the potential for
+5s1G6RPW58g-00048-00011840-00012076 stating sharing sites in the future
+5s1G6RPW58g-00049-00012077-00012363 cabinet secretary the review of this the
+5s1G6RPW58g-00050-00012364-00012571 has identified the number of police
+5s1G6RPW58g-00051-00012572-00012896 stations which are not in the picture of
+5s1G6RPW58g-00052-00012897-00013043 you at the present time do not match its
+5s1G6RPW58g-00053-00013044-00013211 present requirements that are subject to
+5s1G6RPW58g-00054-00013212-00013349 some form of
+5s1G6RPW58g-00055-00013350-00013532 consultation with communities our
+5s1G6RPW58g-00056-00013533-00013802 partners and the staff the consultations
+5s1G6RPW58g-00057-00013803-00014027 will be carried out by the local police
+5s1G6RPW58g-00058-00014028-00014255 teams themselves and shooting at the
+5s1G6RPW58g-00059-00014256-00014450 take decisions which are based upon the
+5s1G6RPW58g-00060-00014451-00014719 local needs within that community the
+5s1G6RPW58g-00061-00014721-00014912 nature of that consultation will also be
+5s1G6RPW58g-00062-00014913-00015230 determined at a local level depending on
+5s1G6RPW58g-00063-00015231-00015452 local circumstances and the potential
+5s1G6RPW58g-00064-00015453-00015752 change being considered anyone can also
+5s1G6RPW58g-00065-00015753-00016022 who has an interest in your view on the
+5s1G6RPW58g-00066-00016022-00016184 management of the police state should
+5s1G6RPW58g-00067-00016185-00016391 engage fully with police Scotland and
+5s1G6RPW58g-00068-00016392-00016619 we'd expect a range of local interest to
+5s1G6RPW58g-00069-00016620-00016886 be taken enter code before any fun
+5s1G6RPW58g-00070-00016887-00017108 proposals are made in relation to
+5s1G6RPW58g-00071-00017109-00017456 individual stations themselves the guy
+5s1G6RPW58g-00072-00017457-00017705 Thank You cabinet secretary I suspect
+5s1G6RPW58g-00073-00017706-00017891 I'm not alone in my concern at home news
+5s1G6RPW58g-00074-00017892-00018119 of a review and the potential changes to
+5s1G6RPW58g-00075-00018120-00018341 local policing were made public
+5s1G6RPW58g-00076-00018342-00018527 can I ask what lessons please Scotland
+5s1G6RPW58g-00077-00018528-00018692 will take forward and communicating the
+5s1G6RPW58g-00078-00018693-00018932 ongoing process considerations and
+5s1G6RPW58g-00079-00018933-00019328 outcomes of this review camera signature
+5s1G6RPW58g-00080-00019329-00019508 was a member may be aware police
+5s1G6RPW58g-00081-00019509-00019718 Scotland actually continuing to take
+5s1G6RPW58g-00082-00019719-00019913 forward what cologne do is teach of you
+5s1G6RPW58g-00083-00019914-00020084 is present time and the approach has
+5s1G6RPW58g-00084-00020085-00020357 been very much laid at a local level
+5s1G6RPW58g-00085-00020358-00020582 where local commanders through the local
+5s1G6RPW58g-00086-00020583-00020750 policing team will be responsible for
+5s1G6RPW58g-00087-00020751-00021083 taking forward engagement over much of
+5s1G6RPW58g-00088-00021084-00021359 that work is still at a very early stage
+5s1G6RPW58g-00089-00021360-00021533 however i would encourage all members
+5s1G6RPW58g-00090-00021534-00021734 have an interest in these models to
+5s1G6RPW58g-00091-00021735-00021902 engage with local commanders where they
+5s1G6RPW58g-00092-00021903-00022259 have it views to express of course and
+5s1G6RPW58g-00093-00022260-00022447 Scotland down this guys place afloat or
+5s1G6RPW58g-00094-00022448-00022655 to reflect time at that approach to
+5s1G6RPW58g-00095-00022656-00022877 matters but I want to employees to
+5s1G6RPW58g-00096-00022878-00023044 members that this is still a very early
+5s1G6RPW58g-00097-00023045-00023285 stage and those of the opportunity for
+5s1G6RPW58g-00098-00023286-00023486 members to continue to engage on this
+5s1G6RPW58g-00099-00023487-00023690 matter with local commanders once local
+5s1G6RPW58g-00100-00023691-00024062 consultation starts just to ever knows a
+5s1G6RPW58g-00101-00024063-00024293 lot of interest in this issue and clear
+5s1G6RPW58g-00102-00024294-00024465 bicker
+5s1G6RPW58g-00103-00024466-00024738 thank you said an officer and does the
+5s1G6RPW58g-00104-00024739-00024909 cabinet secretary appreciate that due to
+5s1G6RPW58g-00105-00024910-00025071 the way these proposals have been
+5s1G6RPW58g-00106-00025072-00025320 revealed to the public through on a4ai
+5s1G6RPW58g-00107-00025321-00025512 rather than by the police or by the
+5s1G6RPW58g-00108-00025513-00025694 government that there are concerns the
+5s1G6RPW58g-00109-00025695-00025902 most communities that local policing i
+5s1G6RPW58g-00110-00025902-00026085 will suffer can i therefore ask the
+5s1G6RPW58g-00111-00026086-00026258 Scottish Government when they were first
+5s1G6RPW58g-00112-00026260-00026466 informed of the potential review or
+5s1G6RPW58g-00113-00026467-00026754 closure of these 50 sites and what if
+5s1G6RPW58g-00114-00026755-00026955 any discussions of hard to us police
+5s1G6RPW58g-00115-00026956-00027252 Scotland regarding this camera signature
+5s1G6RPW58g-00116-00027252-00027441 was i just pointed out that process is
+5s1G6RPW58g-00117-00027442-00027582 still a very early stage it's an ongoing
+5s1G6RPW58g-00118-00027583-00027789 process which please Scott and have in
+5s1G6RPW58g-00119-00027789-00028044 the reviewing of the state and the 50
+5s1G6RPW58g-00120-00028045-00028194 states that the identified at the
+5s1G6RPW58g-00121-00028195-00028383 present moment of those which have been
+5s1G6RPW58g-00122-00028383-00028614 identified by local commanders as part
+5s1G6RPW58g-00123-00028614-00028881 of that process the engagement within
+5s1G6RPW58g-00124-00028882-00029045 the local communities that are affected
+5s1G6RPW58g-00125-00029047-00029286 by these models have still to take place
+5s1G6RPW58g-00126-00029287-00029493 at because they are looking at how they
+5s1G6RPW58g-00127-00029494-00029730 will take that for that are localized 11
+5s1G6RPW58g-00128-00029731-00029901 this is not being driven at the center
+5s1G6RPW58g-00129-00029902-00030095 by the Scottish police authority has
+5s1G6RPW58g-00130-00030097-00030300 been taken forward by a local commanders
+5s1G6RPW58g-00131-00030301-00030527 to the deal local command their local
+5s1G6RPW58g-00132-00030529-00030798 teams and up process will start once
+5s1G6RPW58g-00133-00030799-00030987 please Scotland our local level of the
+5s1G6RPW58g-00134-00030988-00031139 term and water approach to want to take
+5s1G6RPW58g-00135-00031141-00031416 so for example in some of the 50 please
+5s1G6RPW58g-00136-00031417-00031599 got maybe looking at relocating
+5s1G6RPW58g-00137-00031600-00031848 somewhere else in a shared facility with
+5s1G6RPW58g-00138-00031849-00032112 the local authority with the health
+5s1G6RPW58g-00139-00032113-00032376 border with other aspects of the public
+5s1G6RPW58g-00140-00032377-00032583 sector and some of that work is still
+5s1G6RPW58g-00141-00032583-00032802 being taken forward at a local command
+5s1G6RPW58g-00142-00032803-00033009 level 1 start work has been completed
+5s1G6RPW58g-00143-00033010-00033186 that they're in a position to were to
+5s1G6RPW58g-00144-00033187-00033384 engage with local communities on what
+5s1G6RPW58g-00145-00033385-00033618 the options would actually be once that
+5s1G6RPW58g-00146-00033619-00033828 process is being completed local
+5s1G6RPW58g-00147-00033829-00034083 command-level any famous saying often
+5s1G6RPW58g-00148-00034084-00034251 that matter will be an issue for the
+5s1G6RPW58g-00149-00034252-00034515 Scottish police authority was a fool
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+5s1G6RPW58g-00151-00034687-00034902 forward once they've actually arrived at
+5s1G6RPW58g-00152-00034903-00035049 local divisional level of what's the
+5s1G6RPW58g-00153-00035050-00035262 best approach they believe their local
+5s1G6RPW58g-00154-00035263-00035499 area clear hockey
+5s1G6RPW58g-00155-00035500-00035682 Thank You presiding officer taken all of
+5s1G6RPW58g-00156-00035683-00035868 the answers of the previous answers the
+5s1G6RPW58g-00157-00035869-00036126 minister's given it however all three
+5s1G6RPW58g-00158-00036127-00036324 police stations rather than cambuslang
+5s1G6RPW58g-00159-00036325-00036513 and planted in my constancy I've been
+5s1G6RPW58g-00160-00036514-00036672 considered as part of the review
+5s1G6RPW58g-00161-00036673-00036918 can I ask the minister what consultation
+5s1G6RPW58g-00162-00036919-00037032 will take part with the local community
+5s1G6RPW58g-00163-00037033-00037281 another gun to ensure that policing in
+5s1G6RPW58g-00164-00037282-00037526 my constituencies not adversely affected
+5s1G6RPW58g-00165-00037527-00037678 cabinet secretary
+5s1G6RPW58g-00166-00037679-00037852 so as I mentioned a plane also the
+5s1G6RPW58g-00167-00037853-00038020 consultation will be determined by a
+5s1G6RPW58g-00168-00038021-00038218 local commanders with in that division
+5s1G6RPW58g-00169-00038219-00038473 themselves and of course in Courage
+5s1G6RPW58g-00170-00038474-00038701 clear hockey to engage with the local
+5s1G6RPW58g-00171-00038702-00038917 commander on these matters once they
+5s1G6RPW58g-00172-00038918-00039169 have decided to take for that process at
+5s1G6RPW58g-00173-00039170-00039442 a local level the reason has been taken
+5s1G6RPW58g-00174-00039443-00039619 forward by local commanders to make sure
+5s1G6RPW58g-00175-00039620-00039883 that the decision decision is that this
+5s1G6RPW58g-00176-00039884-00040174 issue is driven by local policing needs
+5s1G6RPW58g-00177-00040175-00040456 handle the views of the local community
+5s1G6RPW58g-00178-00040457-00040741 where the building in question provides
+5s1G6RPW58g-00179-00040742-00040915 a service for example to the local
+5s1G6RPW58g-00180-00040916-00041098 community community i would of course
+5s1G6RPW58g-00181-00041099-00041298 expect local commanders to engage with
+5s1G6RPW58g-00182-00041299-00041596 ms peas and other elected members to
+5s1G6RPW58g-00183-00041597-00041854 offer them the opportunity engage to
+5s1G6RPW58g-00184-00041855-00042154 engage an app process that process will
+5s1G6RPW58g-00185-00042155-00042337 be determined by local commanders when
+5s1G6RPW58g-00186-00042338-00042523 that a stage in order to start that
+5s1G6RPW58g-00187-00042524-00042724 engagement once they have developed the
+5s1G6RPW58g-00188-00042725-00042943 proposals for the local community in
+5s1G6RPW58g-00189-00042944-00043105 each individual command area
+5s1G6RPW58g-00190-00043106-00043306 don't let us thank you for saving
+5s1G6RPW58g-00191-00043307-00043459 officer as you do I talk to have my own
+5s1G6RPW58g-00192-00043460-00043732 top call a question it defeated today on
+5s1G6RPW58g-00193-00043733-00043900 the attacks on American see service
+5s1G6RPW58g-00194-00043901-00044083 personnel it which would have given the
+5s1G6RPW58g-00195-00044084-00044272 chamber the opportunity to express our
+5s1G6RPW58g-00196-00044273-00044542 support against this reprehensible
+5s1G6RPW58g-00197-00044543-00044752 behavior and to support and stuff i hope
+5s1G6RPW58g-00198-00044753-00044944 maybe Ben skillful enough to get that
+5s1G6RPW58g-00199-00044945-00045130 added to the official record in the
+5s1G6RPW58g-00200-00045131-00045373 cabinet secretary did mention in his
+5s1G6RPW58g-00201-00045374-00045598 opening remarks about a number of
+5s1G6RPW58g-00202-00045599-00045832 stations where that is already famous is
+5s1G6RPW58g-00203-00045833-00045988 being shared with other facilities he
+5s1G6RPW58g-00204-00045989-00046165 didn't mention Tommen total in money
+5s1G6RPW58g-00205-00046166-00046309 which has been ongoing for some time
+5s1G6RPW58g-00206-00046310-00046537 with police fire and ambulance all
+5s1G6RPW58g-00207-00046538-00046735 operating from the same facility can I
+5s1G6RPW58g-00208-00046736-00046921 ask for analysis has been done to prove
+5s1G6RPW58g-00209-00046922-00047152 that are shared premises how successful
+5s1G6RPW58g-00210-00047153-00047350 they are the community still feeling
+5s1G6RPW58g-00211-00047351-00047566 each with their respected services and
+5s1G6RPW58g-00212-00047567-00047734 how cannot be taken forward as we look
+5s1G6RPW58g-00213-00047735-00047938 to these 50 closures which Scottish
+5s1G6RPW58g-00214-00047939-00048160 conservatives are what it takes we and
+5s1G6RPW58g-00215-00048161-00048286 diminishes at all of local
+5s1G6RPW58g-00216-00048287-00048463 accountability in our local areas
+5s1G6RPW58g-00217-00048464-00048616 cameras energy
+5s1G6RPW58g-00218-00048617-00048829 epson also enjoy member in condemning
+5s1G6RPW58g-00219-00048830-00048979 goes to attack some members of the
+5s1G6RPW58g-00220-00048980-00049153 military services that we can well they
+5s1G6RPW58g-00221-00049154-00049384 were walking to placate our communities
+5s1G6RPW58g-00222-00049385-00049546 and to support our communities and
+5s1G6RPW58g-00223-00049547-00049684 should all members in this chamber would
+5s1G6RPW58g-00224-00049685-00049909 wish to make it very clear that type of
+5s1G6RPW58g-00225-00049910-00050230 behavior is completely unacceptable i'm
+5s1G6RPW58g-00226-00050231-00050383 going to make sure you take all the bus
+5s1G6RPW58g-00227-00050384-00050581 measures necessary against individuals
+5s1G6RPW58g-00228-00050582-00050704 have been involved in these types of
+5s1G6RPW58g-00229-00050705-00050932 offenses that mean reference to time
+5s1G6RPW58g-00230-00050933-00051019 until which was
+5s1G6RPW58g-00231-00051020-00051310 come back in April of 2004 I could give
+5s1G6RPW58g-00232-00051311-00051496 a whole list of areas where we have over
+5s1G6RPW58g-00233-00051497-00051703 recent years so increasing number of
+5s1G6RPW58g-00234-00051704-00052000 joint facilities been developed that has
+5s1G6RPW58g-00235-00052001-00052222 been what kinda taken by police Scotland
+5s1G6RPW58g-00236-00052223-00052363 down by the Scottish found rescue
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+5s1G6RPW58g-00511-00108097-00108249 inform decision what the future of it
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+5s1G6RPW58g-00513-00108322-00108573 finally you're currently the cabinet
+5s1G6RPW58g-00514-00108574-00108793 secretary to mr. Ross mentioned the
+5s1G6RPW58g-00515-00108794-00109006 situation in livingston and the benefit
+5s1G6RPW58g-00516-00109007-00109144 of joint working and community fellow
+5s1G6RPW58g-00517-00109145-00109371 facilities with other services i'm a
+5s1G6RPW58g-00518-00109372-00109606 great champion of that approach 0
+5s1G6RPW58g-00519-00109607-00109815 however the village of photos in my
+5s1G6RPW58g-00520-00109816-00110064 region the police station close the last
+5s1G6RPW58g-00521-00110065-00110301 round of closures and no the police room
+5s1G6RPW58g-00522-00110302-00110553 and the local partnerships center
+5s1G6RPW58g-00523-00110554-00110751 we're all that joint working takes place
+5s1G6RPW58g-00524-00110752-00111114 as too close to it doesn't not fly in
+5s1G6RPW58g-00525-00111115-00111295 the face of the rhetoric from the
+5s1G6RPW58g-00526-00111296-00111537 cabinet secretary 2d and shouldn't other
+5s1G6RPW58g-00527-00111538-00111714 members be on our way up because the
+5s1G6RPW58g-00528-00111715-00111933 next round of closure is likely to be
+5s1G6RPW58g-00529-00111934-00112152 the same as what's happening here and
+5s1G6RPW58g-00530-00112153-00112333 those joint facilities for all that
+5s1G6RPW58g-00531-00112333-00112543 partnerships and working as supposed to
+5s1G6RPW58g-00532-00112544-00112614 happen
+5s1G6RPW58g-00533-00112615-00112848 campus security can I see no it doesn't
+5s1G6RPW58g-00534-00112849-00112986 flying theosophical that's taking place
+5s1G6RPW58g-00535-00112987-00113175 within my own constituencies where the
+5s1G6RPW58g-00536-00113176-00113352 use of stations changing and where
+5s1G6RPW58g-00537-00113353-00113518 there's no joint marketing taken place
+5s1G6RPW58g-00538-00113519-00113806 and I joint facility as well and are
+5s1G6RPW58g-00539-00113807-00114051 clearly real benefits and can come from
+5s1G6RPW58g-00540-00114052-00114283 these metals placing a local level in
+5s1G6RPW58g-00541-00114283-00114465 these types of metals i think is
+5s1G6RPW58g-00542-00114466-00114619 important is it determined that a
+5s1G6RPW58g-00543-00114620-00114871 localized level local command on his own
+5s1G6RPW58g-00544-00114872-00115038 area can determine what's the best way
+5s1G6RPW58g-00545-00115039-00115236 in which to deliver placing within his
+5s1G6RPW58g-00546-00115237-00115476 local community and also in detective
+5s1G6RPW58g-00547-00115477-00115665 facilities which are necessary in order
+5s1G6RPW58g-00548-00115666-00115908 to achieve that I'm sure remember we
+5s1G6RPW58g-00549-00115909-00116034 also recognize the way in which the
+5s1G6RPW58g-00550-00116035-00116223 public and engaging with the police the
+5s1G6RPW58g-00551-00116224-00116424 model of policing has changed and
+5s1G6RPW58g-00552-00116425-00116649 evolved over the years it will continue
+5s1G6RPW58g-00553-00116650-00116949 to change and evolve in years to come
+5s1G6RPW58g-00554-00116950-00117072 i'm sure all members of this chamber
+5s1G6RPW58g-00555-00117073-00117291 would recognize that it's important that
+5s1G6RPW58g-00556-00117292-00117403 police Scotland
+5s1G6RPW58g-00557-00117404-00117609 have a modern 360 that is fit for
+5s1G6RPW58g-00558-00117610-00117826 purpose and reflects the needs of local
+5s1G6RPW58g-00559-00117827-00118030 communities and the states of you is
+5s1G6RPW58g-00560-00118031-00118270 exactly about doing that and a key part
+5s1G6RPW58g-00561-00118271-00118429 to this is that these matters will be
+5s1G6RPW58g-00562-00118430-00118588 determined at a local level with
+5s1G6RPW58g-00563-00118589-00118753 national or state through the Scottish
+5s1G6RPW58g-00564-00118754-00118959 Police Authority question number two
+5s1G6RPW58g-00565-00118960-00119152 outs called Hamilton Thank You presiding
+5s1G6RPW58g-00566-00119153-00119299 officer to ask the Scottish Government
+5s1G6RPW58g-00567-00119300-00119605 what impact justifiable assault has on
+5s1G6RPW58g-00568-00119606-00119896 children mr. Marvel don't the scottish
+5s1G6RPW58g-00569-00119897-00120043 government does not support the physical
+5s1G6RPW58g-00570-00120044-00120232 punishment of children that we recognize
+5s1G6RPW58g-00571-00120233-00120421 that Finnick physical punishment can set
+5s1G6RPW58g-00572-00120422-00120613 children the wrong example and is not an
+5s1G6RPW58g-00573-00120614-00120711 effective way to teach children
+5s1G6RPW58g-00574-00120713-00120922 discipline scottish government does not
+5s1G6RPW58g-00575-00120923-00121059 consider that further legislative
+5s1G6RPW58g-00576-00121060-00121252 changes appropriate as we do not wish to
+5s1G6RPW58g-00577-00121253-00121453 see pins unnecessarily or unreasonably
+5s1G6RPW58g-00578-00121454-00121651 criminalized we continue to support
+5s1G6RPW58g-00579-00121652-00121813 positive parenting through for example
+5s1G6RPW58g-00580-00121814-00122014 funding for Family Support Services
+5s1G6RPW58g-00581-00122015-00122230 house call Hamilton I think the
+5s1G6RPW58g-00582-00122231-00122470 Minnesota has answer every member in
+5s1G6RPW58g-00583-00122471-00122638 this place shares the scottish
+5s1G6RPW58g-00584-00122639-00122833 government's laudable ambition to bet be
+5s1G6RPW58g-00585-00122833-00122985 the best place in the world for children
+5s1G6RPW58g-00586-00122986-00123253 to grow up but does the Minister agree
+5s1G6RPW58g-00587-00123254-00123454 that considering we are one of just four
+5s1G6RPW58g-00588-00123455-00123613 remaining states in the council of
+5s1G6RPW58g-00589-00123614-00123814 europe not to repeal this outdated
+5s1G6RPW58g-00590-00123815-00124063 defense not to put exactly equal
+5s1G6RPW58g-00591-00124064-00124264 protection to our children that we will
+5s1G6RPW58g-00592-00124265-00124453 be forever out of step with that
+5s1G6RPW58g-00593-00124454-00124648 obligation and our obligations the
+5s1G6RPW58g-00594-00124649-00124888 United Nations Convention on the Rights
+5s1G6RPW58g-00595-00124889-00125122 of the Child the welsh assembly is set
+5s1G6RPW58g-00596-00125123-00125286 in its legislative program in this
+5s1G6RPW58g-00597-00125288-00125548 sitting to bring about this change is it
+5s1G6RPW58g-00598-00125549-00125728 not time for this country to do likewise
+5s1G6RPW58g-00599-00125729-00126079 camera technology so thank you for the
+5s1G6RPW58g-00600-00126080-00126256 unexpected promotion providing officer
+5s1G6RPW58g-00601-00126257-00126520 and I i don't agree without school
+5s1G6RPW58g-00602-00126521-00126778 Hamilton in regard to his analysis but I
+5s1G6RPW58g-00603-00126779-00126949 do agree with them on and I think we
+5s1G6RPW58g-00604-00126950-00127171 share an objective on is both to make
+5s1G6RPW58g-00605-00127172-00127321 Scotland the best place and what to grow
+5s1G6RPW58g-00606-00127322-00127611 up and also to move to a situation where
+5s1G6RPW58g-00607-00127613-00127911 children are not being physically
+5s1G6RPW58g-00608-00127913-00128083 punished as a means of discipline
+5s1G6RPW58g-00609-00128083-00128296 the question is how we give effect to
+5s1G6RPW58g-00610-00128297-00128460 that and we believe that the way to the
+5s1G6RPW58g-00611-00128461-00128638 effect that is through positive
+5s1G6RPW58g-00612-00128639-00128886 parenting support to enable parents to
+5s1G6RPW58g-00613-00128888-00129091 make positive choices and how they
+5s1G6RPW58g-00614-00129092-00129217 approach discipline with their children
+5s1G6RPW58g-00615-00129218-00129382 we believe that is a more effective
+5s1G6RPW58g-00616-00129383-00129604 method to approach this and to affect
+5s1G6RPW58g-00617-00129605-00129868 the result that we both want to see how
+5s1G6RPW58g-00618-00129869-00130078 it's common the legal defense of
+5s1G6RPW58g-00619-00130079-00130306 justifiable assault used to apply both
+5s1G6RPW58g-00620-00130307-00130483 the servants and two women yet they have
+5s1G6RPW58g-00621-00130483-00130758 been rightly stricken from our statute
+5s1G6RPW58g-00622-00130758-00130877 thanks there's a growing consensus
+5s1G6RPW58g-00623-00130878-00131078 across all of the benches in this
+5s1G6RPW58g-00624-00131079-00131370 chamber that we need to start honoring
+5s1G6RPW58g-00625-00131371-00131504 our commitments the United Nations
+5s1G6RPW58g-00626-00131505-00131702 Convention on the Rights of the Child to
+5s1G6RPW58g-00627-00131703-00131925 catch up with our European neighbors and
+5s1G6RPW58g-00628-00131926-00132156 to work to extend equal protection to
+5s1G6RPW58g-00629-00132157-00132408 children should this Parliament get the
+5s1G6RPW58g-00630-00132409-00132590 opportunity either through members
+5s1G6RPW58g-00631-00132591-00132849 private bill or through an amendment to
+5s1G6RPW58g-00632-00132850-00133023 primary legislation will the scottish
+5s1G6RPW58g-00633-00133024-00133170 government allow its own members are
+5s1G6RPW58g-00634-00133171-00133421 free vote on this important issue
+5s1G6RPW58g-00635-00133422-00133764 well i would say telescope Hamilton as
+5s1G6RPW58g-00636-00133765-00133964 at present we do not have legislation in
+5s1G6RPW58g-00637-00133965-00134114 front of us for consideration and
+5s1G6RPW58g-00638-00134115-00134354 obviously when legend I'm aware of that
+5s1G6RPW58g-00639-00134355-00134526 mr. Feeny's intention to bring forward
+5s1G6RPW58g-00640-00134527-00134673 legislation it would not be appropriate
+5s1G6RPW58g-00641-00134674-00134850 for me to comment on that legislation
+5s1G6RPW58g-00642-00134851-00135029 before it is even being brought before
+5s1G6RPW58g-00643-00135030-00135207 Parliament I've laid out the
+5s1G6RPW58g-00644-00135208-00135411 government's position both in terms of
+5s1G6RPW58g-00645-00135412-00135561 the fact that we do not support physical
+5s1G6RPW58g-00646-00135562-00135693 punishment and do not see as an
+5s1G6RPW58g-00647-00135694-00135888 effective means of disciplining children
+5s1G6RPW58g-00648-00135889-00136163 but also crucially that we believe that
+5s1G6RPW58g-00649-00136164-00136415 we in which to effect change here is
+5s1G6RPW58g-00650-00136416-00136581 through providing positive support
+5s1G6RPW58g-00651-00136582-00136812 support to parents to enable them to
+5s1G6RPW58g-00652-00136813-00136971 make positive choices are in heavy
+5s1G6RPW58g-00653-00136972-00137151 discipline their children that I think
+5s1G6RPW58g-00654-00137152-00137325 is the approach that will enable us to
+5s1G6RPW58g-00655-00137326-00137583 ensure that children are protected but
+5s1G6RPW58g-00656-00137584-00137769 also most crucially that parents are
+5s1G6RPW58g-00657-00137770-00138000 able to exercise positive choices and
+5s1G6RPW58g-00658-00138001-00138215 create that good in fact that that best
+5s1G6RPW58g-00659-00138216-00138395 environment for children to grow up and
+5s1G6RPW58g-00660-00138396-00138704 tangle with thank you plating officer
+5s1G6RPW58g-00661-00138705-00138906 and I very much agree with the minister
+5s1G6RPW58g-00662-00138907-00139101 that smacking is not an effective method
+5s1G6RPW58g-00663-00139102-00139350 of disciplining children will support to
+5s1G6RPW58g-00664-00139351-00139509 the Scottish Government gift appearance
+5s1G6RPW58g-00665-00139510-00139668 and caters to encourage them to use
+5s1G6RPW58g-00666-00139669-00139877 positive myth of managing children's
+5s1G6RPW58g-00667-00139878-00140070 behavior and generally appearance
+5s1G6RPW58g-00668-00140071-00140424 positively is grateful to joining golden
+5s1G6RPW58g-00669-00140425-00140622 for for that question because as I've
+5s1G6RPW58g-00670-00140623-00140799 said we want to ensure that parents have
+5s1G6RPW58g-00671-00140800-00141024 the opportunity to make positive choices
+5s1G6RPW58g-00672-00141025-00141288 that's why we have our national
+5s1G6RPW58g-00673-00141289-00141474 parenting strategy which is designed to
+5s1G6RPW58g-00674-00141475-00141645 empower and support parents
+5s1G6RPW58g-00675-00141646-00141878 it's why we provide funding through at
+5s1G6RPW58g-00676-00141879-00142016 the children young people and families
+5s1G6RPW58g-00677-00142017-00142245 early intervention fund and adult
+5s1G6RPW58g-00678-00142246-00142443 learning and empowering communities fund
+5s1G6RPW58g-00679-00142444-00142701 across a range of organizations include
+5s1G6RPW58g-00680-00142702-00142935 within our organizations such as mellow
+5s1G6RPW58g-00681-00142936-00143211 parenting and people who are funded to
+5s1G6RPW58g-00682-00143212-00143361 deliver programs designed to support
+5s1G6RPW58g-00683-00143362-00143547 parents and to connect with their
+5s1G6RPW58g-00684-00143548-00143676 children and to help them increase their
+5s1G6RPW58g-00685-00143677-00143868 well-being self-esteem and
+5s1G6RPW58g-00686-00143869-00144098 self-confidence so we recognize it
+5s1G6RPW58g-00687-00144099-00144218 that there is always more that we can
+5s1G6RPW58g-00688-00144219-00144467 consider doing to support parents and we
+5s1G6RPW58g-00689-00144468-00144626 are continuing to look at how we provide
+5s1G6RPW58g-00690-00144627-00144788 support information and advice to
+5s1G6RPW58g-00691-00144789-00145007 appearance but we believe firmly that is
+5s1G6RPW58g-00692-00145008-00145199 by empowering parents and supporting
+5s1G6RPW58g-00693-00145200-00145376 parents to make those positive decisions
+5s1G6RPW58g-00694-00145377-00145574 in relation to heavy approach discipline
+5s1G6RPW58g-00695-00145575-00145724 with their children that we will ensure
+5s1G6RPW58g-00696-00145725-00145880 that children are given the best start
+5s1G6RPW58g-00697-00145881-00146402 in life murder freezer q is there any
+5s1G6RPW58g-00698-00146403-00146564 evidence of the current law in this area
+5s1G6RPW58g-00699-00146565-00146764 is not working
+5s1G6RPW58g-00700-00146765-00147140 mr. i have not seen evidence brought
+5s1G6RPW58g-00701-00147141-00147338 before me in relation to that i'm aware
+5s1G6RPW58g-00702-00147339-00147686 that there are ongoing cases regularly
+5s1G6RPW58g-00703-00147687-00147842 in relation to issues around child
+5s1G6RPW58g-00704-00147843-00148070 cruelty and i have not been able to
+5s1G6RPW58g-00705-00148071-00148319 disaggregate videos and pushed the
+5s1G6RPW58g-00706-00148320-00148526 defense to which alex calamen reverse
+5s1G6RPW58g-00707-00148527-00148796 has been specifically used and i will
+5s1G6RPW58g-00708-00148797-00148955 look further to see whether there is
+5s1G6RPW58g-00709-00148956-00149099 work that can be done in order to
+5s1G6RPW58g-00710-00149100-00149291 address that and see what the situation
+5s1G6RPW58g-00711-00149292-00149627 is in that regard but and respect what
+5s1G6RPW58g-00712-00149628-00149768 murder freezer saying I'm not aware of
+5s1G6RPW58g-00713-00149769-00149939 any evidence to that effect but
+5s1G6RPW58g-00714-00149940-00150212 crucially and my primary concern is to
+5s1G6RPW58g-00715-00150213-00150350 ensure that parents are given that
+5s1G6RPW58g-00716-00150351-00150518 support to make those positive choices
+5s1G6RPW58g-00717-00150519-00150794 thereby negating the requirement for the
+5s1G6RPW58g-00718-00150795-00150986 kind of approaches the murder freezer is
+5s1G6RPW58g-00719-00150987-00151319 suggesting Thank You members apologies
+5s1G6RPW58g-00720-00151320-00151460 to mr. Finney and these are members will
+5s1G6RPW58g-00721-00151461-00151724 in this bit of time I'm afraid we had so
+5s1G6RPW58g-00722-00151725-00151907 much interested the police station issue
+5s1G6RPW58g-00723-00151908-00152183 area and we don't take a few more just
+5s1G6RPW58g-00724-00152184-00152318 to change teams have a ministerial
+5s1G6RPW58g-00725-00152319-00152537 statement just take a few seconds to
+5s1G6RPW58g-00726-00152538-00152756 change
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00000-00000192-00000451 audio recording for this meeting has
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00001-00000451-00001275 begun hi good morning everyone
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00002-00001276-00001456 good afternoon in an evening where
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00003-00001457-00001605 depending on where you're calling in
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00004-00001607-00001927 from today thanks for your patience and
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00005-00001928-00002098 you're getting us started we're ready to
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00006-00002099-00002416 begin on behalf of agra links see the
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00007-00002417-00002575 future in the US aid bureau for
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00008-00002576-00002848 resilience and food security or RFS i'd
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00009-00002849-00003022 like to welcome you to our webinar today
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00010-00003023-00003331 on operating models for early generation
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00011-00003332-00003652 seed production ten case studies my name
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00012-00003653-00003868 is Jennifer Leopold I'm not and I'll be
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00013-00003869-00004204 your Agri links webinar host today I'll
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00014-00004205-00004375 be your webinar facilitator so you'll
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00015-00004376-00004557 hear my voice periodically especially
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00016-00004558-00004834 during the QA or the question and answer
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+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00018-00005083-00005236 content I just want to go over a few
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00019-00005237-00005445 items to orient you to the webinar
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00020-00005446-00005722 please do use the chat box to introduce
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00021-00005723-00005968 yourselves as many of you have done
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00022-00005969-00006234 already and use this chat box to ask
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00023-00006235-00006463 questions at any time and share your own
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00024-00006464-00006568 resources with the group
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00025-00006569-00006720 we love our webinars to be very
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00026-00006722-00006964 interactive we'll be collecting your
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00027-00006965-00007186 questions throughout the webinar and
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00028-00007187-00007506 then we'll be asking them at the Q&A
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00029-00007508-00007744 session after the presentation will also
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00030-00007745-00008077 try to answer some in the chat along the
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00031-00008078-00008335 way so you'll see that the slides are
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00032-00008336-00008560 available to download in the file
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00033-00008561-00008893 downloads box and also have a few
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00034-00008894-00009277 recommended links there so as lastly as
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00035-00009278-00009391 I mentioned this webinar is being
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00036-00009392-00009634 recorded and will email you the
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00037-00009635-00009832 recording transcript and additional
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00038-00009833-00010075 resources once they're ready they'll
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00039-00010076-00010453 also be posted on Agri links alright so
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00040-00010454-00010804 we have a really great program today let
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00041-00010805-00010966 me go over the agenda real quick and
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00042-00010967-00011179 introduce our speakers and then we can
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00043-00011180-00011602 dive into content so for the webinar
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00044-00011603-00011791 today we will start off with an
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00045-00011792-00011971 introduction from Marco Sangha from
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00046-00011972-00012241 USAID and then we'll have presentations
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00047-00012242-00012430 from Lauren good and Jason Nickerson
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00048-00012431-00012694 Lauren is a Senior Program Officer with
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00049-00012695-00012868 a bow and Melinda Gates Foundation and
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00050-00012869-00013050 has been a leader in private and
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00051-00013051-00013266 nonprofit arenas as a business owner
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00052-00013268-00013505 board member and consultant
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00053-00013506-00013705 Nickerson is a senior program manager
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00054-00013706-00014063 with the context global development an
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00055-00014063-00014276 NGO that provides management consulting
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00056-00014277-00014447 for industry-leading agriculture and
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00057-00014447-00014708 biotechnology companies governmental and
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00058-00014709-00014905 non-governmental agencies and public
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00059-00014906-00015188 research institutions at context Jason
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00060-00015188-00015283 is responsible for leading
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00061-00015284-00015536 cross-functional teams in the design and
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00062-00015537-00015697 implementation of corporate strategy
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00063-00015698-00015971 products projects and global development
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00064-00015972-00016253 initiatives so after the presentation
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00065-00016254-00016436 we'll have an expert roundtable
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00066-00016437-00016697 discussion with um Salome goose - Senior
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00067-00016698-00016822 Program Officer with the Bill and
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00068-00016823-00017119 Melinda Gates Foundation also joining
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00070-00023463-00024041 Agra so mark over to you all right thank
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00071-00024042-00024302 you very much Jennifer thank you all so
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00072-00024303-00024572 everyone for participating today in this
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00073-00024573-00024947 in this webinar I hope you will learn
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00074-00024948-00025222 something from it so this webinar is
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00075-00025223-00025430 follows on from research that began
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00076-00025431-00025702 about five years ago on early
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00077-00025703-00025972 generations seeds stemming from the
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00078-00025973-00026185 challenge that we had and trying to get
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00079-00026186-00026470 seat systems to function more
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00080-00026472-00026874 effectively in many of our feeds of you
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00081-00026875-00027077 sure in other countries it's been funded
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00082-00027079-00027279 by Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation and
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00083-00027280-00027981 USA as a start for this the initial set
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00084-00027982-00028236 of studies we developed an analytical
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00085-00028237-00028560 framework and then tested it again in 14
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00086-00028561-00028895 countries against 17 crops and we learnt
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00087-00028897-00029189 quite a bit from that series of studies
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00088-00029191-00029439 one thing we learned is that there are
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00089-00029439-00029793 four certain crops a very straight
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00090-00029794-00030020 commercial pathway to scale so crops
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00091-00030022-00030573 like hybrid maize vegetables there are
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00092-00030574-00030825 great profit potentials and
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00093-00030826-00031163 opportunities for companies to to
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00094-00031164-00031380 commercialize and scale those varieties
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00095-00031381-00031583 for other crops such as some of the
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00096-00031583-00031842 legume crops open pollinated varieties
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00097-00031843-00032235 and vegetatively propagated crops we
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00098-00032236-00032445 found that there were often supply
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00099-00032445-00032822 constraints or demand constraints to the
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00100-00032823-00033099 production of the early generation seeds
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00101-00033100-00033378 for those crops and challenge is getting
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00102-00033379-00033696 them to scale so for instance for some
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00103-00033697-00033900 of the open pollinated varieties it was
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00104-00033901-00034143 it's very difficult for seed companies
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00105-00034144-00034533 to estimate demand because farmers will
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00106-00034534-00034869 often save seeds and so there's a need
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00107-00034870-00035223 to really be able to understand and
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00108-00035224-00035796 forecast a challenge that we have a very
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00109-00035797-00036318 difficult times estimating so we also
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00110-00036319-00036611 found that for certain crops such as
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00111-00036612-00036891 sorghum or millet there's not at all a
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00112-00036892-00037139 straight pathway to scale and oftentimes
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00113-00037140-00037488 there was a need to push those seeds
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00114-00037489-00037734 early generation seeds out private
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00115-00037735-00038040 sector he come and he really didn't want
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00116-00038041-00038510 to touch them but that left us with a
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00117-00038511-00038784 set of questions around so okay what are
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00118-00038785-00039090 the institutional arrangements that can
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00119-00039091-00039308 be put in place that would allow for
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00120-00039309-00039668 private seed companies to be able to
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00121-00039669-00040026 produce these other varieties these
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00122-00040027-00040152 other crops
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00123-00040153-00040509 and and be able to profit from them we
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00124-00040510-00040737 we said so what are the global best
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00125-00040738-00041007 practices and we looked around and in
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00126-00041008-00041475 North America South America Asia and and
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00127-00041476-00041949 started understand what some of the the
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00128-00041950-00042099 institutional arrangements that have
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00129-00042100-00042456 been put in place for these these crops
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00130-00042457-00042839 to get the those seeds out to scale and
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00131-00042840-00043113 with that brief introduction I'm going
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00132-00043114-00043503 to turn over to Lauren good to continue
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00133-00043504-00043872 with the introduction to this webinar
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00134-00043873-00045525 today but I think what we have here if
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00135-00045526-00047053 we can do a week of advancing the slide
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00136-00047054-00047268 but we probably advancing the slide
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00137-00047269-00047650 there we go okay so I think thanks
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00138-00047651-00047944 Martin and all of you is great to see so
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00139-00047945-00048232 many people online for this year I think
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00140-00048233-00048391 you know most of us have worked with
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00141-00048392-00048556 some kind of a theory of change around
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00142-00048557-00048931 seeds and what it takes to for a healthy
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00143-00048932-00049219 food system and so something that you
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00144-00049220-00049387 know we talked about the villain or the
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00145-00049388-00049636 Gates Foundation is you know our theory
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00146-00049637-00049939 of change is really based on first of
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00147-00049940-00050119 all if you have a good breeding program
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00148-00050120-00050452 it's a breeding program robust and able
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00149-00050453-00050773 to continually produce better variety
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00150-00050774-00051136 that actually have had the same things
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00151-00051137-00051349 that are needed by farmers and can adapt
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00152-00051350-00051763 for increasing climate challenges by the
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00153-00051764-00051952 products coming out of the breeding
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00154-00051953-00052240 programs really meeting the needs of a
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00155-00052241-00052495 desire by smallholder farmers are they
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00156-00052496-00052720 desired by all state markets that have a
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00157-00052721-00052936 place to go and complete producers
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00158-00052937-00053164 produced these and then the feed system
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00159-00053165-00053407 yes the effectiveness of the feed
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00160-00053408-00053590 distance is really how it connects back
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00161-00053591-00053950 to that reading program and can you
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00162-00053951-00054220 actually effectively get these seeds out
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00163-00054221-00054601 what we see here in the two often and
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00164-00054602-00054937 what Mark alluded to is that it's very
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00165-00054938-00055210 often broken between the research and
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00166-00055211-00055516 getting and moving new varieties out
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00167-00055516-00055699 there now through the Owen generation
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00168-00055700-00056130 see really having availability for food
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00169-00056132-00056473 producers to be able to get access to
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00170-00056474-00056671 some of the newer varieties but also
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00171-00056672-00057010 just good clean variety store sewer feed
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00172-00057011-00057247 their own generation seeds so that one
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00173-00057248-00057447 can produce a commercial for a leader
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00174-00057448-00057748 said a farmer can can do and I think
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00175-00057749-00058252 this what Mark talked about is for some
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00176-00058253-00058504 of some crops have a clear pathway than
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00177-00058504-00058828 others you know we feel that often there
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00178-00058829-00059050 are no such thing as public crops and
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00179-00059051-00059311 private sauce Oh pops are eventually
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00180-00059312-00059587 produced and grown by private farmers
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00181-00059588-00059983 and so what is the arrangement what is
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00182-00059984-00060157 it that you need to do from a public
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00183-00060158-00060362 standpoint to make sure that those
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00184-00060363-00060688 accessible and available for youth sale
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00185-00060689-00061369 so just the way I would think that we
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00186-00061370-00061507 were really interested in following
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00187-00061508-00061755 these tape that he would probably how
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00188-00061756-00062038 rare can we look for a good example of
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00189-00062039-00062305 how some of these similar salsa people
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00190-00062306-00062612 he has more discipline how do these work
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00191-00062613-00062822 how have they evolved as a system
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00192-00062823-00062992 evolved in some of the more mature
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00193-00062994-00063262 market and one of the kind of elements
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00194-00063263-00063592 makes things work and they sense it and
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00195-00063594-00063854 I think that we see that in these
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00196-00063854-00064075 functional systems there's really a
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00197-00064076-00064294 number of common elements that came up
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00198-00064295-00064496 over and over again with in these
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00199-00064497-00064719 different systems and that was around
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00200-00064720-00065585 having this connection marketing of the
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00201-00065586-00065879 oil generation and then having a quality
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00202-00065880-00066122 components about that so that what was
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00203-00066123-00066907 going out with Lauren sorry to interrupt
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00204-00066908-00067079 can you try and get closer to your
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00205-00067080-00067436 microphone yes we'll see if we can get a
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00206-00067437-00067640 louder audio or you can turn up your
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00207-00067641-00067904 audio people are having a hard time
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00208-00067905-00068309 hearing alright well I will finish them
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00209-00068310-00068524 just everything that I think the eight
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00210-00068525-00068834 studies were one that really helps us
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00211-00068835-00069063 understand some of the common elements
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00212-00069064-00069353 we see in these more mature systems
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00213-00069354-00069730 while they don't all look the same and
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00214-00069731-00069971 they won't look the same being
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00215-00069972-00070294 implemented in in Africa that they might
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00216-00070295-00070744 as if they were in the US or Europe they
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00217-00070745-00071005 still have the same common elements that
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00218-00071006-00071143 are required and you're going to have a
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00219-00071144-00071447 functioning public-private partnership
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00220-00071448-00071765 for producing early generation C so with
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00221-00071766-00071954 that to talk a little bit more about the
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00222-00071955-00072134 studies of what we learned from the
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00223-00072135-00072513 study I'm delighted to turn this over to
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00224-00072514-00072787 context horrible developments who is our
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00225-00072788-00073156 partner who did the levy case study we
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00226-00073157-00073334 did this along with it was a great
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00227-00073335-00073692 partnership with USAID and Agra
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00228-00073693-00073838 participated in many of these study
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00229-00073839-00074145 tours Shawn introduced to Mark Nelson
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00230-00074146-00074451 and Jason Dickerson of context for
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00231-00074452-00075042 development great thanks Lauren and good
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00232-00075043-00075231 morning good afternoon and good evening
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00233-00075232-00075453 everyone my name is Jason Nickerson and
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00234-00075454-00075723 I'm with context global development as
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00235-00075724-00075869 Lauren and Mark have noted we had the
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00236-00075870-00076047 privilege to study a diverse set of
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00237-00076048-00076254 early generation feed systems to
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00238-00076255-00076404 understand how they function and of all
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00239-00076405-00076650 and over the next 40 minutes I'm going
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00240-00076651-00076803 to share some insights gained in hopes
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00241-00076804-00076929 that there's some useful nuggets that
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00242-00076930-00077106 you can take home to the agricultural
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00243-00077107-00077292 systems and stakeholders that you serve
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00244-00077293-00077526 I'll start by providing a vision for
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00245-00077527-00077712 what an effective formal cheat system
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00246-00077713-00077898 looks like I'll then provide some
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00247-00077899-00078156 context on common supply and demand side
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00248-00078157-00078351 constraints and challenges before
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00249-00078352-00078711 turning to lessons learned as Mark noted
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00250-00078712-00079047 in the 14 countries studies EGS was
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00251-00079048-00079281 identified as a primary bottleneck that
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00252-00079282-00079451 constrains agricultural development and
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00253-00079452-00079668 that partnerships between public and
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00254-00079669-00079866 private sector actors would be needed to
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00255-00079867-00080144 resolve it public agriculture resources
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00256-00080145-00080367 institutions aren't able to or capable
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00257-00080368-00080547 of moving downstream because they lack
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00258-00080548-00080796 the mandate incentives infrastructure
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00259-00080797-00081094 staffing to meet EGS demand unilaterally
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00260-00081095-00081297 similarly on the private sector side
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00261-00081298-00081522 companies lack the profit incentive to
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00262-00081523-00081774 move upstream into early generation seed
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00263-00081775-00081969 production which is characterized by
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00264-00081970-00082167 small volumes and high production cost
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00265-00082168-00082335 is most of the folks on this call
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00266-00082336-00082607 understand so to bridge this
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00267-00082608-00082947 unprofitable gap partnerships based on
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00268-00082948-00083118 shared value are needed to make this
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00269-00083119-00083357 thing work but what do partnerships for
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00270-00083358-00083538 EGS production and distribution look
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00271-00083539-00083793 like what are the typical roles and
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00272-00083794-00083957 responsibilities of public and private
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00273-00083958-00084279 sector actors and how is EGS sustainably
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00274-00084280-00084471 financed those are some of the questions
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00275-00084472-00084606 that we sought to answer through this
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00276-00084607-00084771 project and that will be shedding light
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00277-00084772-00085038 on through the session our hope is that
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00278-00085039-00085155 you come away with the renewed
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00279-00085156-00085326 appreciation for the criticality of
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00280-00085327-00085530 early generation seed as a means to
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00281-00085531-00085743 enable agricultural development the
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00282-00085744-00085911 catalytic role that the public sector
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00283-00085912-00086136 can play by enabling the sustainable
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00284-00086137-00086357 supply of high quality foundation seed
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00285-00086358-00086586 the role that the private sector can
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00286-00086587-00086748 play in scaling public sector
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00287-00086749-00086994 innovations as well as some perspective
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00288-00086995-00087084 for the various four
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00289-00087085-00087419 that partnerships three Jets can take so
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00290-00087420-00087569 we're gonna be talking a lot about the
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00291-00087570-00087713 formal seed system throughout this
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00292-00087714-00087932 session and it makes sense to start with
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00293-00087933-00088127 the definition description of what
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00294-00088128-00088448 constitutes a formal seed system as
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00295-00088449-00088643 depicted on the slide here a formal seed
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00296-00088644-00088829 system has been defined as a
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00297-00088830-00089030 deliberately constructed system that
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00298-00089031-00089243 involves a chain of activities leading
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00299-00089244-00089501 to clear products namely certified seed
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00300-00089502-00089784 verified varieties it consists of the
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00301-00089785-00089936 development of new varieties and the
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00302-00089937-00090122 physical flow of seed through successive
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00303-00090123-00090425 multiplication stages over time will
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00304-00090426-00090596 refer to these value chain stages
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00305-00090597-00090824 discretely as product development or
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00306-00090825-00091034 riedel development and line maintenance
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00307-00091035-00091423 breeder seed foundation seed and
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00308-00091424-00091718 commercial seed and reusing commercial
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00309-00091719-00091959 seed is kind of catch-all term to
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00310-00091960-00092144 capture certified and quality declared
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00311-00092145-00092415 see a formal seed system also consists
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00312-00092416-00092600 of the supporting seed production and
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00313-00092601-00092792 distribution infrastructure like storage
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00314-00092793-00092990 processing equipment quality testing
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00315-00092991-00093293 laboratories clear days VRS etc the
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00316-00093294-00093509 policy legal regulatory environment that
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00317-00093510-00093914 seed production is nested inside of the
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00318-00093915-00094268 Quality Assurance mechanism that
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00319-00094269-00094637 safeguard farmers and safeguard the
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00320-00094638-00094781 integrity of the industry and the
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00321-00094782-00095035 network of interpersonal relationships
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00322-00095036-00095225 institutional arrangements between
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00323-00095226-00095404 stakeholders and their organizations
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00324-00095405-00095702 within a formal seed system EGS
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00325-00095703-00095855 represents the critical link between
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00326-00095856-00095987 product development commercialization
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00327-00095988-00096293 and its primary functions to maintain
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00328-00096294-00096482 the genetic potential and identity of
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00329-00096483-00096680 variety and to provide a regular supply
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00330-00096681-00096881 of high-quality breeder and foundation
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00331-00096882-00097097 seed which is the basis for commercial
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00332-00097098-00097313 seed production if the quality of
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00333-00097314-00097454 genetics of a variety slipped through
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00334-00097455-00097643 the production system that farmers lose
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00335-00097644-00097781 when the system doesn't stand a chance
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00336-00097782-00097979 at expanding because the value
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00337-00097980-00098123 proposition of improved seed is
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00338-00098124-00098958 undermined
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00339-00098959-00099217 in an effective EGS system these
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00340-00099218-00099481 elements converge such that sufficient
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00341-00099482-00099676 volumes of pan seed is available of
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00342-00099677-00099814 right varieties at the right time
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00343-00099815-00100057 commercial seed producers the volume of
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00344-00100058-00100261 seed expands from stage to stage as
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00345-00100262-00100462 there's a and there's a quality quantity
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00346-00100463-00100675 trade off that happens as you move from
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00347-00100676-00101032 breeder foundation commercial see an EGF
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00348-00101033-00101227 system requires some advanced planning
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00349-00101228-00101479 that is ideally informed by credible
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00350-00101480-00101710 demand signals because the progeny of
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00351-00101711-00101860 you see the seed that you see on the
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00352-00101861-00102073 Left may not reach farmers for over
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00353-00102074-00102319 three years and this intervening time
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00354-00102320-00102502 there are a number of assumptions that
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00355-00102503-00102717 introduced variants including the
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00356-00102718-00102940 expected multiplication rate of giving
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00357-00102941-00103204 cropper variety versus the actual cv you
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00358-00103205-00103458 seed yields realized at a stage and how
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00359-00103459-00103726 demand actually materializes in a
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00360-00103727-00103908 perfect world this process is made
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00361-00103909-00104133 simpler when farmers are aware of new
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00362-00104134-00104330 varieties they're able to observe the
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00363-00104331-00104563 benefits of replacing old varieties with
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00364-00104564-00104713 newer ones they're more productive
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00365-00104714-00104917 climate smart and aligned with market
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00366-00104918-00105124 demand they have a trusted source of
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00367-00105125-00105313 seed and are able to trial new varieties
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00368-00105314-00105589 are on farm there's a well-functioning
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00369-00105590-00105820 extension system as complemented by an
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00370-00105821-00106011 agro dealer distribution network which
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00371-00106013-00106207 can send these demand signals to
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00372-00106208-00106438 upstream to commercial seed producers
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00373-00106439-00106659 who have the operational agility to
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00374-00106660-00106855 respond to the signals and to develop
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00375-00106856-00107113 and finance multi multi-year seed
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00376-00107114-00107433 production plans you know this enables
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00377-00107434-00107668 commercial seed producers to make early
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00378-00107669-00107872 ordering commitments for EGS to a public
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00379-00107873-00108082 or not-for-profit organization that
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00380-00108083-00108283 assumes the responsibility for and risk
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00381-00108283-00108499 of parental see demand planning and
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00382-00108500-00108757 production and while there are
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00383-00108758-00108898 challenges in here in any production
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00384-00108899-00109048 system that require
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00385-00109049-00109249 three-year lead time on production plans
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00386-00109250-00109444 it's too important not to get right
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00387-00109445-00109663 because without EGS there is no
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00388-00109664-00109855 commercial seed and farmers access
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00389-00109856-00110361 innovation is constrained like many
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00390-00110363-00110508 folks in this call we've seen through a
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00391-00110509-00110677 combination of adaptive leadership
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00392-00110678-00110905 efficient resource deployment and a
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00393-00110906-00111091 level of shared responsibility that this
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00394-00111092-00111370 can be done adaptive leadership is about
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00395-00111371-00111579 uniting stakeholders around exciting
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00396-00111580-00111786 aspirational vision for what a cheat
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00397-00111788-00112006 system could be building a strategy for
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00398-00112007-00112151 achieving methods
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00399-00112152-00112384 and having an attempt tokus on quality
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00400-00112385-00112534 control and the needs of commercial seed
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00401-00112535-00112790 producers efficient resource deployment
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00402-00112791-00112973 starts with attracting developing
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00403-00112974-00113160 retaining the best possible talent
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00404-00113161-00113359 structuring the deployment strategy
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00405-00113360-00113611 around a focus seed production plan and
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00406-00113613-00113822 mobilizing a base of resources into
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00407-00113823-00114071 action and localizing seed production
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00408-00114072-00114248 and distribution to minimize costs where
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00409-00114249-00114557 possible shared responsibilities help to
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00410-00114558-00114760 define the roles and responsibilities of
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00411-00114761-00115009 individuals and organizations because
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00412-00115010-00115220 unlike hybrid maize where all the
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00413-00115221-00115376 activities may exist within a single
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00414-00115377-00115649 seed company these minor crops often
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00415-00115650-00115829 require coordination across multiple
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00416-00115830-00116024 organizations to hit quality and volume
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00417-00116025-00116294 targets the connectivity between value
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00418-00116295-00116485 chain actors is also really important
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00419-00116486-00116813 for strengthing feedback loops promoting
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00420-00116814-00117004 timely information flow which is
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00421-00117005-00117221 critical for decision making as we saw
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00422-00117222-00117668 on the previous slide as noted 14
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00423-00117669-00117914 country studies indicated that the lack
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00424-00117915-00118079 of early generation seed production is a
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00425-00118080-00118244 primary bottleneck that constrains
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00426-00118245-00118649 agricultural development in contrast in
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00427-00118650-00118834 the vision for an effective vgf system
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00428-00118835-00119003 that we discussed early the situation on
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00429-00119004-00119252 ground is much different there's limited
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00430-00119253-00119390 awareness of new varieties and there's
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00431-00119391-00119633 benefits demand for commercial seed is
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00432-00119633-00119990 often late and long after production
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00433-00119991-00120107 decisions have already been made
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00434-00120108-00120368 essentially people are breezing seed on
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00435-00120369-00120541 speculate on speculation because they
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00436-00120542-00120764 don't have solid demand signals and to
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00437-00120765-00120904 the extent that the public sector plays
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00438-00120905-00121066 a meaningful role in seed procurement
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00439-00121067-00121274 large purchase contracts have led to
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00440-00121275-00121481 bumpy cash flows and sometimes the long
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00441-00121482-00121640 repayment windows to commercial seed
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00442-00121641-00121928 producers and you know in many contexts
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00443-00121929-00122150 it's not easy to do business seed
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00444-00122151-00122327 producers and Agri dealers are capital
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00445-00122328-00122543 constrained public budgets are hard to
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00446-00122544-00122816 rely on and the physical resources that
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00447-00122817-00123136 seed production is physical research
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00448-00123138-00123304 that are needed for seed production are
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00449-00123305-00123759 antiquated or miss them all together
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00450-00123760-00124064 these supply and demand side issues
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00451-00124065-00124366 converge to result in an EGF system it
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00452-00124367-00124568 can be sometimes to provide as having
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00453-00124569-00124793 low volumes marginal quality and
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00454-00124794-00125045 inconsistent reliability which limits
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00455-00125046-00125209 the ability of commercial seed producers
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00456-00125210-00125359 to build a business case around
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00457-00125360-00125493 multiplying
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00458-00125494-00125748 marketing and selling quality seed of
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00459-00125749-00125982 publicly developed and released seed
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00460-00125983-00126599 varieties the opportunity to overcome
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00461-00126600-00126828 the opportunity overcome these EGS
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00462-00126829-00127029 challenges especially for non high very
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00463-00127030-00127080 cross
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00464-00127081-00127296 starts with collaboration between the
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00465-00127297-00127520 public and private sector now
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00466-00127521-00127815 collaboration take a number of forms at
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00467-00127816-00128013 the most basic level can be based on
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00468-00128014-00128196 commercial transactions for seed alone
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00469-00128197-00128499 no mo use no contractual arrangements
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00470-00128500-00128730 just buying and selling seed it can of
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00471-00128731-00128909 course become more involved including
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00472-00128910-00129065 varietal licensing by commodity
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00473-00129066-00129359 associations and Co investment research
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00474-00129360-00129573 and infrastructure and at the other
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00475-00129574-00129876 extreme it can mean that setting up a
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00476-00129877-00130068 special-purpose entity for production
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00477-00130069-00130361 and distribution of Hejaz regardless of
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00478-00130363-00130545 the form that the collaboration takes
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00479-00130546-00130719 there are typically three common
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00480-00130720-00131007 objectives that's the core the first is
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00481-00131008-00131190 to produce enough EGF to meet current
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00482-00131191-00131481 and future demand the second produced
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00483-00131482-00131673 either the lowest possible cost while
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00484-00131674-00131916 continuing to meet quality standards and
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00485-00131917-00132216 third well the first two are you know
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00486-00132217-00132417 more supply oriented there's also a
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00487-00132418-00132651 demand component to the partnership and
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00488-00132652-00132804 that's the stimulate demand for improved
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00489-00132805-00133008 varieties and quality seed at the farm
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00490-00133009-00133488 level to provide more clarity on the
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00491-00133489-00133644 form that partnerships can take we
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00492-00133645-00133821 studied and developed case studies on 10
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00493-00133822-00134040 early generation seed systems the
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00494-00134041-00134196 studies cover diverse set of crop
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00495-00134197-00134475 categories including pulses rites roots
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00496-00134476-00134673 tubers and bananas they span different
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00497-00134674-00134868 geographies including North America
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00498-00134869-00135183 South America and South Asia and each of
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00499-00135184-00135333 the studies is available as a standalone
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00500-00135334-00135537 PowerPoint presentation on the event
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00501-00135538-00135684 page if you're interested in getting to
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00502-00135685-00136197 the weeds the systems differ pretty
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00503-00136198-00136479 dramatically by size is measured by area
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00504-00136480-00136743 under improved seed and by seed
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00505-00136744-00137088 replacement rate or the frequency with
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00506-00137089-00137340 which farmers replace their seed with
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00507-00137341-00137553 the North American systems being smaller
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00508-00137554-00137790 serving a more targeted geography with
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00509-00137791-00138063 commercialized value change this is in
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00510-00138064-00138261 contrast to the larger state-level
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00511-00138262-00138504 systems in India the lentil and tea
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00512-00138505-00138693 system in Saskatchewan and the
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00513-00138694-00138870 Bangladesh rice system which
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00514-00138871-00139029 was taken at a country level not a
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00515-00139030-00139434 sub-national level the systems also
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00516-00139435-00139686 differed by their stage of maturity now
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00517-00139687-00140022 maturity is a subjective measure as I'm
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00518-00140023-00140253 sure interview with teenagers can attest
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00519-00140254-00140661 but four systems feed systems maturity
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00520-00140662-00140844 can be generalized based on farmers
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00521-00140845-00141051 perceived access to an adoption of
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00522-00141052-00141342 quality seed improved varieties and the
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00523-00141343-00141495 proportion of public sector funding
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00524-00141496-00141869 required to produce and distribute EGS
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00525-00141870-00142218 we saw big differences and who does and
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00526-00142219-00142752 who pays between the systems we saw and
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00527-00142753-00142997 we saw really big differences between
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00528-00142998-00143325 emerging expanding and mature assistance
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00529-00143326-00143646 in emerging systems with where demand is
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00530-00143647-00143880 slight public sector plays an outsized
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00531-00143881-00144141 role as indicated by the blue color
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00532-00144142-00144501 boxes on the breeder and foundation seed
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00533-00144502-00144792 side often agricultural research
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00534-00144793-00144951 institutions are responsible for
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00535-00144952-00145176 breeding and releasing new varieties
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00536-00145177-00145392 they're also responsible for EGS
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00537-00145393-00145590 production commercial seed is
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00538-00145591-00145794 distributed through a combination of
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00539-00145795-00146001 government entities parastatal seed
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00540-00146002-00146286 companies and NGOs at subsidized rates
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00541-00146287-00146454 and through a small number of private
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00542-00146455-00146664 seed producers it's indicated by the
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00543-00146665-00146895 blue and green pattern box at the
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00544-00146896-00147870 commercial seed stage an example of an
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00545-00147871-00148008 emergency system that we'd like to
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00546-00148009-00148212 feature is the cassava seed system in
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00547-00148213-00148653 north of Northeast Brazil in this system
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00548-00148654-00148794 which differs markedly from the much
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00549-00148795-00148968 more commercially oriented starch
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00550-00148969-00149154 centric system in the south and Bravo
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00551-00149155-00149310 partners with not-for-profit bio
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00552-00149311-00149496 factories to increase in distribute
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00553-00149497-00149664 breeders to government extension
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00554-00149665-00149844 organizations and to cassava seed
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00555-00149845-00150129 entrepreneurs or men of arrows in this
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00556-00150130-00150336 picture we're looking at the lab on the
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00557-00150337-00150534 Left unfortunately the video didn't come
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00558-00150535-00150687 throughout the screen house
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00559-00150688-00150942 multiplication facilities at the
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00560-00150943-00151233 Instituto bio fábrica de cacao this
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00561-00151234-00151422 institute receives breeder seed for
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00562-00151423-00151620 tissue culture multiplication from the
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00563-00151621-00151851 bravo before moving to the screen hounds
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00564-00151852-00152098 for stem multiplication the
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00565-00152099-00152272 Sood has four hectares on the screen
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00566-00152273-00152416 house production which is quite
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00567-00152417-00152898 something from here from the Institute
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00568-00152899-00153154 the Institute bio fabrica distributes
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00569-00153155-00153400 foundation seed and 50 stem bags to
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00570-00153401-00153562 cassava sheet entrepreneurs like Benna
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00571-00153563-00153799 do durga pictured to the right who has
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00572-00153800-00153988 envisions to become the largest cassava
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00573-00153989-00154177 seed entrepreneur in the world and to
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00574-00154178-00154300 state governments for subsequent
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00575-00154301-00154495 multiplication and distribution the
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00576-00154496-00154753 farmers the public sector pulls the
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00577-00154754-00154960 weight in this EGS production system and
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00578-00154961-00155161 covers an estimated 70% of seed
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00579-00155162-00155886 production and foundation seed costs in
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00580-00155887-00156127 expanding seed systems the public sector
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00581-00156128-00156334 also plays a meaningful role in funding
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00582-00156335-00156550 and managing EGS production while
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00583-00156551-00156784 quality seed production or commercial
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00584-00156785-00156937 seed production is done
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00585-00156938-00157120 large on a commercial basis by a
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00586-00157121-00157321 combination of private seed companies
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00587-00157322-00157663 parastatal seed companies and NGOs this
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00588-00157664-00157843 is indicated indicated again by the
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00589-00157844-00158053 difference in colours at each stage for
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00590-00158054-00158212 the public sector at the breeder stage
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00591-00158213-00158500 synced by blue and both of private and
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00592-00158501-00158677 public sector taking on foundation and
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00593-00158678-00158887 commercial seed stages as indicated by
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00594-00158888-00159229 the blue and green pattern boxes a good
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00595-00159230-00159577 example of an expanding system was the
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00596-00159578-00159892 Bangladesh rice example which has seen a
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00597-00159893-00160171 meteoric rise expansion over the past 20
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00598-00160172-00160408 years coming into the 2000 the
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00599-00160409-00160603 Bangladesh Rice Research Institute was
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00600-00160604-00160795 producing several tons of breeder seeds
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00601-00160796-00161100 for 20 clients fast forward to today
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00602-00161101-00161419 various producing over 125 metric tons
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00603-00161420-00161728 and is serving over 800 mostly private
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00604-00161729-00161965 sector clients with in Bangladesh
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00605-00161966-00162193 efforts are on to improve the private
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00606-00162194-00162415 system remove policy bottlenecks
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00607-00162416-00162667 gradually phase out subsidies and hold
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00608-00162668-00162934 regular consultations to improve the
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00609-00162935-00163141 effectiveness of the right seed system
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00610-00163142-00163405 for farmers this evolution has turned
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00611-00163406-00163651 berry from a research institution into a
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00612-00163652-00163861 research institution plus a full-fledged
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00613-00163862-00164107 production organization this expansion
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00614-00164108-00164311 hasn't come without a cost placed a
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00615-00164312-00164437 heavy load on theory with
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00616-00164438-00164614 ever-increasing demand stretching its
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00617-00164615-00164887 available capacity this is a phenomenon
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00618-00164888-00165115 that dr. colosso tom has had a front-row
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00619-00165116-00165361 seat for the head of genetic resources
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00620-00165362-00165548 and see division for
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00621-00165549-00165698 we're fortunate to have them as a
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00622-00165699-00165818 panelist and we'll have the opportunity
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00623-00165819-00166061 here's perspective on what this
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00624-00166062-00166274 expansion is meant for his organization
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00625-00166275-00166652 in mature systems we studied we saw
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00626-00166653-00166904 quite a bit of variation in the
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00627-00166905-00167033 institutional arrangement and
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00628-00167034-00167288 partnership structures early generation
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00629-00167289-00167570 seed and a number of systems including
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00630-00167571-00167765 North Carolina sweet potato and Arkansas
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00631-00167766-00168029 rice public sector organizations had the
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00632-00168030-00168170 responsibility for greater and
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00633-00168171-00168380 foundation seed production while
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00634-00168381-00168560 breeders seed production was often the
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00635-00168561-00168815 responsibility of breeders foundation C
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00636-00168816-00169028 was managed by a second University
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00637-00169029-00169391 affiliated entity in both cases Arkansas
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00638-00169392-00169622 North Carolina the second organization
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00639-00169623-00169871 leverage university resources in the
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00640-00169872-00170069 form of personnel and facilities to
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00641-00170070-00170264 produce EGS for commercial seed
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00642-00170265-00170558 producers the motivations for these
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00643-00170559-00170780 foundation seed production organizations
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00644-00170781-00171058 is the bridge the commercialization gap
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00645-00171059-00171872 not to generate profits in other mature
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00646-00171873-00172088 systems like the Michigan driving system
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00647-00172089-00172298 not-for-profit service organization
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00648-00172299-00172507 mission crop Improvement Association
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00649-00172508-00172736 contracts the production of EGS by
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00650-00172737-00172961 private seed companies it's an
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00651-00172962-00173177 interesting and practical model and one
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00652-00173178-00173381 that we see being piloted in places like
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00653-00173382-00173666 Burkina Faso where the public sector
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00654-00173667-00173822 recognises the quality and efficiency
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00655-00173823-00174056 that private seed producers can bring to
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00656-00174057-00174458 the table and when it becomes
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00657-00174459-00174626 commercially attractive for private
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00658-00174627-00174782 companies to move upstream in the
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00659-00174783-00175034 foundation seed production they do it as
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00660-00175035-00175313 is the case and the hi-de-ho Irish
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00661-00175314-00175520 potato system which is highly commercial
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00662-00175521-00175688 system linked to McDonald's french fry
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00663-00175689-00175988 supply chain in this system certified
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00664-00175989-00176129 seed use is compulsory
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00665-00176130-00176318 which makes demand playing a heck of a
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00666-00176319-00176726 lot easier and yet another model in the
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00667-00176727-00177477 mature segments
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00668-00177478-00177819 another model immature segment is where
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00669-00177820-00178020 a commodity association the farmer
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00670-00178021-00178340 members licensed varieties directly from
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00671-00178341-00178502 the breeding institution and take the
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00672-00178503-00179073 responsibility free GS production in my
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00673-00179074-00179318 slides not advancing give me one second
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00674-00179319-00179903 that's the one I wanted yeah so in
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00675-00179904-00180099 Saskatchewan the poulterer's association
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00676-00180100-00180288 licenses new lentil and pea varieties
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00677-00180289-00180438 from the crop development center at the
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00678-00180439-00180648 University of Saskatchewan the Polish
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00679-00180649-00180837 Growers Association and partners up with
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00680-00180838-00181068 the crop Development Center on demand
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00681-00181069-00181247 forecasting and production planning and
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00682-00181248-00181575 the commodity Association contracts and
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00683-00181576-00181770 pays the University to Bruce EGS on its
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00684-00181771-00182043 behalf and taking a closer look at
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00685-00182044-00182232 emerging expanding and mature EGS
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00686-00182233-00182469 systems that we studied there's an
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00687-00182470-00182690 evident transition from the high need
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00688-00182691-00182862 for the public sector and emerging
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00689-00182863-00183108 systems towards more public-private
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00690-00183109-00183318 partnerships and expanding systems which
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00691-00183319-00183513 ultimately paves the way for greater
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00692-00183514-00183789 participation and investment for the
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00693-00183790-00184256 private sector and mature systems
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00694-00184257-00184548 ultimately stakeholders have to choose
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00695-00184549-00184754 the resourcing mechanisms that work best
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00696-00184755-00185049 for their unique situations we did
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00697-00185050-00185295 however observe that the menu of funding
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00698-00185296-00185460 options for early generation seed
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00699-00185461-00185733 production distribution seems to expand
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00700-00185734-00185985 with a commodity valley gene that the
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00701-00185986-00186341 seed system serves this table depicts
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00702-00186342-00186546 the resourcing options that we reserved
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00703-00186547-00186839 we observed by stage again recall that
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00704-00186840-00187098 the blue indicates a public sector
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00705-00187099-00187323 funding source and green a private
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00706-00187324-00187553 sector funding source the three core
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00707-00187554-00187802 funding sources which vary level and
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00708-00187803-00188039 composition by system are recurring
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00709-00188040-00188313 public sector funding public sector
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00710-00188314-00188511 grants and resources including land
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00711-00188512-00188787 personnel cost storage greenhouses and
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00712-00188788-00189027 labs to name a few and seed sales to
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00713-00189028-00189306 commercial seed producers generalizing a
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00714-00189307-00189510 bit the public sector resourcing is most
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00715-00189511-00189702 prominent on the product development
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00716-00189703-00190221 stage and trails off and the EGS
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00717-00190222-00190410 production while the revenue from seed
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00718-00190411-00190560 sales is most concentrated the
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00719-00190561-00190770 foundation seed stage
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00720-00190771-00190977 together the public and private sector
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00721-00190978-00191172 funding sources form a sort of bridge
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00722-00191173-00191400 it's one drops off the other picks up
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00723-00191401-00191586 and gradually over time and with
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00724-00191587-00191763 increased demand you'd like to see sales
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00725-00191764-00191949 play a larger role in funny the next
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00726-00191950-00192210 season's production this ability to
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00727-00192211-00192450 reinvest earnings isn't a given it's
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00728-00192451-00192753 only possible when the public set their
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00729-00192754-00192957 EGS true sir has the discretion to
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00730-00192958-00193188 manage revenue from seed sales which is
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00731-00193189-00193437 often not the case an example of the
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00732-00193438-00193644 situation is at the national root Kroc
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00733-00193645-00193887 Institute in Nigeria which has the
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00734-00193888-00194061 country level mandate for root and tuber
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00735-00194062-00194279 cobs like cassava yam and sweet potato
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00736-00194280-00194607 to create a pathway to more sustainably
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00737-00194608-00194901 financed and to define the roles and
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00738-00194902-00195282 responsibilities natural root crop
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00739-00195283-00195537 institution leadership established in
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00740-00195538-00195708 MIDI case seeds which will be managed
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00741-00195709-00195930 privately as its own entity will have
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00742-00195931-00196077 the opportunity to hear more about this
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00743-00196078-00196272 initiative from dr. Martha Kula who is
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00744-00196273-00196461 the operational head the CGS seed
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00745-00196462-00196848 company as systems become more mature
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00746-00196849-00197124 which maturity is synonymous with
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00747-00197125-00197340 becoming more commercial the menu of
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00748-00197341-00197592 resourcing options tends to expand to
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00749-00197593-00197754 include the royalties on varieties
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00750-00197755-00197949 private sector sponsored research
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00751-00197950-00198273 investment and checkoff dollars we
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00752-00198274-00198414 recognize the legal structures are
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00753-00198415-00198618 coming to existence that when able plant
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00754-00198619-00198801 breeders rights through the OECD push
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00755-00198802-00199023 but until there a strong demand for IT
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00756-00199024-00199317 deities the flow of funding back to
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00757-00199318-00199575 research and potentially DDGS production
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00758-00199576-00200258 will be negligible that's a summary of
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00759-00200259-00200580 some of the who does and who pays by
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00760-00200581-00200835 system in charity I next want to turn to
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00761-00200836-00201233 some of the synthesized building blocks
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00762-00201234-00201678 effective seed systems now seed systems
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00763-00201679-00201861 exist in different contexts and stage
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00764-00201862-00202146 maturity their evolution is shaped by
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00765-00202147-00202511 the larger agricultural economic
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00766-00202512-00202743 educational and political systems that
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00767-00202744-00203004 their components of despite the
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00768-00203005-00203154 uniqueness of any given system there are
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00769-00203155-00203337 characteristics of effective seed
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00770-00203338-00203529 systems that cut across borders and
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00771-00203530-00203763 crops we identified seven such
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00772-00203764-00203937 characteristics through a case that is
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00773-00203938-00204111 which we refer to as a seven building
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00774-00204112-00204168 blocks
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00775-00204169-00204402 of effective seed systems some of these
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00776-00204403-00204579 building blocks are more public sector
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00777-00204580-00204813 oriented including reliable public
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00778-00204814-00205065 sector funding for varietal development
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00779-00205066-00205332 agriculture extension and an intent
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00780-00205333-00205485 focus on the needs of farmers by
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00781-00205486-00205766 breeding programs while others to the
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00782-00205767-00205973 right a more private sector oriented
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00783-00205975-00206165 including commercial seed producers
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00784-00206166-00206475 establishing trusts brands and private
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00785-00206476-00206669 sector resourcing support for research
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00786-00206671-00206966 and seed production activities and there
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00787-00206967-00207096 are others in a more partnership
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00788-00207096-00207296 oriented including public sector
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00789-00207298-00207450 organizations assuming responsibility
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00790-00207451-00207786 for and risk of EGS demand forecasting
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00791-00207787-00208094 and production and production a fit for
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00792-00208096-00208265 purpose Quality Assurance system that
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00793-00208266-00208437 adds more values to farmers than it
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00794-00208438-00208704 imposes and strong institutional
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00795-00208705-00208851 interpersonal linkages between
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00796-00208852-00209100 stakeholders that support trust building
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00797-00209101-00209294 information flow and decision-making
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00798-00209294-00209610 let's step through each of these the
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00799-00209611-00209796 first is around reliable public sector
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00800-00209796-00209958 funding for product development and
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00801-00209959-00210194 agriculture extension this funding is
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00802-00210196-00210354 critical at the product development
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00803-00210355-00210621 stage moving into EGS at the point of
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00804-00210621-00210801 sale where farmers are tried to make the
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00805-00210802-00211071 best decisions for their farms and the
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00806-00211071-00211251 systems we analyze the public sector
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00807-00211252-00211377 recognize the trade-offs between
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00808-00211378-00211614 investing and crop a versus croppy and
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00809-00211615-00211836 place their bets we're relatively modest
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00810-00211837-00211986 investments we're able to catalyze
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00811-00211987-00212163 considerable amounts of private
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00812-00212164-00212553 investment this is true in India Brazil
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00813-00212554-00212760 and even in the u.s. we're breeders
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00814-00212761-00212946 report that over half of their operating
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00815-00212946-00213353 funding comes from public sector sources
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00816-00213354-00213600 we also know that in effect the system's
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00817-00213601-00213789 breeding programs focus on the needs of
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00818-00213790-00214014 farmers and work closely with the seed
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00819-00214015-00214214 companies and processors through a
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00820-00214215-00214428 participatory breeding process to
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00821-00214429-00214641 develop varieties that are superior to
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00822-00214642-00214748 those that farmers are currently
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00823-00214750-00215271 planting a good example of this comes
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00824-00215271-00215505 with the Covington variety of sweet
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00825-00215506-00215700 potato in North Carolina which was
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00826-00215701-00215934 released by dr. Craig ancho his team at
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00827-00215935-00216300 NC State in 2005 Covington took the
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00828-00216301-00216480 industry by storm I sustained its
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00829-00216481-00216660 position as the market leading variety
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00830-00216661-00216912 today is estimated that's planted by 90%
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00831-00216913-00217110 of sweet potato acres in North Carolina
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00832-00217111-00217503 its success is attributed to two factors
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00833-00217504-00217707 first covington showed better pack out
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00834-00217708-00217871 and more dependability and disease
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00835-00217873-00218085 testing compared to popular sweet potato
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00836-00218086-00218316 varieties like Beauregard which was the
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00837-00218317-00218484 leading variety prior to coming his
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00838-00218485-00218723 release the second was that covington
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00839-00218725-00218958 was the first release from NC state that
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00840-00218959-00219123 was developed through its grower
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00841-00219123-00219344 participer a breeding program this
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00842-00219346-00219471 program allowed for on-farm
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00843-00219471-00219660 testing by select growers of new
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00844-00219661-00219933 varieties not only were the selected
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00845-00219934-00220137 Tesco is receiving information about
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00846-00220138-00220344 this new variety from the trials but
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00847-00220344-00220482 they were also passing this information
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00848-00220483-00220694 along to fellow suit data growers in the
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00849-00220696-00220994 region and the ability for growers to
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00850-00220996-00221171 see how Covington performed in real
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00851-00221173-00221379 growing conditions by fellow trusted
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00852-00221380-00221571 growers led to higher adoption rates
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00853-00221571-00221888 when Covington was ultimately released
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00854-00221889-00222135 we also observe that in fact the seed
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00855-00222136-00222296 systems commercial seed producers
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00856-00222298-00222531 recognized they can only go as far as
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00857-00222532-00222767 their reputation as a result they put a
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00858-00222769-00222963 premium on ensuring seed quality and
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00859-00222964-00223164 service to their distribution and farmer
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00860-00223165-00223584 customers in the India rice system
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00861-00223585-00223896 demand for proprietary OPV and hybrid
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00862-00223896-00224067 rice seed varieties is increasing
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00863-00224067-00224259 because farmers recognize that the
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00864-00224260-00224466 incremental cost of purchasing seed is
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00865-00224467-00224637 more than offset by the higher yields
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00866-00224638-00224877 that they receive this is evident in how
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00867-00224878-00225030 the market has evolved from a small
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00868-00225031-00225264 commercial system served by state feed
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00869-00225265-00225465 corporations and a few larger seed
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00870-00225466-00225660 companies at the turn of the century to
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00871-00225661-00225842 an increasingly private sector-led
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00872-00225844-00226086 system in which companies rely on brands
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00873-00226087-00226335 which are synonymous with quality to
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00874-00226336-00226892 grow their businesses another building
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00875-00226894-00227088 block that we observed in mature systems
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00876-00227089-00227379 is that I've been public sector actors
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00877-00227380-00227532 are jointly committed to funding the
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00878-00227533-00227819 operations that enable varietal
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00879-00227821-00228048 development agronomic research and seed
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00880-00228048-00228321 production activities a good example of
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00881-00228321-00228552 this comes from Arkansas Rice's feed
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00882-00228553-00228852 system where rice farmers desire for
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00883-00228853-00229038 quality and seed supply of improved
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00884-00229039-00229244 varieties predates the required checkoff
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00885-00229246-00229592 program started in 1985 prior to 95
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00886-00229594-00229809 growers and voluntarily contributed
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00887-00229810-00229973 funds directed towards industry
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00888-00229975-00230271 promotion and later specifically to the
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00889-00230271-00230517 research of new rice varieties farmers
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00890-00230517-00230640 willingness to pay out of their own
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00891-00230641-00230796 profits fast
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00892-00230798-00230992 the success of the breeding program and
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00893-00230992-00231313 overall rice industry the state of the
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00894-00231314-00231481 state of-the-art seed processing and
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00895-00231482-00231682 packaging facility that you see here in
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00896-00231683-00231829 the background is a testament the
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00897-00231830-00232044 farmers commitment as it was built with
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00898-00232046-00232207 the support of three commodity
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00899-00232208-00232429 associations including the Arkansas rice
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00900-00232430-00232714 soybean and wheat promotion boards along
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00901-00232715-00233371 the funding from the public sector we
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00902-00233371-00233517 also observed that a public sector
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00903-00233519-00233776 organization organizations has the
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00904-00233777-00233971 responsibility for a breeder and/or
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00905-00233971-00234133 foundation seed production this
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00906-00234134-00234346 organization combines attentive cost
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00907-00234346-00234546 management pre-ordering of seed to
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00908-00234548-00234712 support its ability to recover at least
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00909-00234713-00235014 a portion of its operating costs in
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00910-00235015-00235317 India a well coordinated efficient
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00911-00235319-00235498 process for breeder seed demand
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00912-00235498-00235702 forecasting production planning is in
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00913-00235703-00236026 place for national varieties demand is
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00914-00236027-00236209 tabulated using a bottom of approach
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00915-00236210-00236407 with seed associations and State
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00916-00236408-00236584 Department's of Agriculture collecting
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00917-00236585-00236758 submitting orders on behalf of their
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00918-00236759-00236898 stakeholders to the ministry of
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00919-00236900-00237110 agriculture and farmers welfare
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00920-00237111-00237367 production planning is done top-down
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00921-00237367-00237598 with the Ministry seed division
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00922-00237598-00237757 compiling and submitting demand
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00923-00237758-00237948 information to the Indian Council of
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00924-00237950-00238167 agricultural research which performs the
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00925-00238169-00238363 final allotment of production
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00926-00238364-00238642 responsibility to ica our institutions
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00927-00238642-00238978 and state agricultural universities the
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00928-00238979-00239160 whole process is tracked digitally with
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00929-00239161-00239338 the seed management information system
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00930-00239339-00239638 or SM is for short which is maintained
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00931-00239639-00239782 and coordinated by the Government of
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00932-00239783-00239994 India and provides information access
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00933-00239996-00240210 and transparency around G production in
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00934-00240211-00240478 order fulfillment seed certification
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00935-00240479-00240733 seed law enforcement lab testing in a
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00936-00240734-00240942 database of information on notified
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00937-00240944-00241446 varieties now to Quality Assurance we
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00938-00241448-00241582 also observe that Quality Assurance
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00939-00241583-00241852 systems and these effective systems were
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00940-00241853-00242017 fit for purpose and encouraged the
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00941-00242017-00242215 supply and trade of seed that is Riley
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00942-00242216-00242464 pure has good vigor and free of major
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00943-00242465-00242760 seed seed porns of visas in these system
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00944-00242761-00242967 certification agencies were viewed as
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00945-00242969-00243127 partners and trusted with being the
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00946-00243128-00243348 custodian of industry and not as a
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00947-00243350-00243696 policing agency a good example of this
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00948-00243698-00243919 comes from the Brazil banana seed system
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00949-00243919-00244059 where does these pressure at various
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00950-00244060-00244186 points in history
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00951-00244187-00244360 have reestablished trust in tissue
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00952-00244361-00244696 culture material all TC materials are
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00953-00244696-00244894 required to be tested for disease and
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00954-00244894-00245089 must meet minimum quality in genetic
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00955-00245090-00245539 variation standards and finally another
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00956-00245540-00245698 characteristic that we saw an effective
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00957-00245698-00245953 C systems is that they're strengthened
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00958-00245954-00246064 by long-standing
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00959-00246065-00246250 interpersonal relationships and close
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00960-00246251-00246448 geographic proximity of seed sector
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00961-00246448-00246655 actors which enable is a
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00962-00246656-00246763 well-coordinated
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00963-00246764-00246973 seed production planning process it
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00964-00246973-00247387 helps to reduce cause a good example of
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00965-00247388-00247548 this comes from the Saskatchewan pol
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00966-00247550-00247738 system located in the heart of
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00967-00247739-00247975 Saskatchewan main pulse growing region
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00968-00247976-00248164 the University of Saskatchewan acts as a
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00969-00248165-00248394 central hub for important actors in EGS
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00970-00248396-00248689 system the main organization involved in
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00971-00248690-00248898 new variety development testing the
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00972-00248900-00249127 commodity Association key bridging
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00973-00249128-00249415 institutions and organizations and the
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00974-00249416-00249583 national research organizations are all
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00975-00249584-00249796 either on the University campus are
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00976-00249796-00250269 located within a 15 minute trap in
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00977-00250271-00250525 summary we found that these building
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00978-00250526-00250719 blocks which extend beyond just the
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00979-00250721-00250927 production distribution of EGS our
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00980-00250928-00251131 present and the effective seed system
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00981-00251132-00251377 partnerships that we studied they made
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00982-00251378-00251557 sort of his guideposts to indicate when
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00983-00251558-00251767 things are working well for the public
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00984-00251767-00251983 sector private sector and most
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00985-00251984-00253892 importantly for farmers thank you
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00986-00253892-00254126 move into our roundtable session now I'm
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00987-00254127-00254458 sorry if you want to go ahead and enable
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00988-00254459-00255146 your audio and webcam I see you yes good
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00989-00255146-00255362 good morning good afternoon good evening
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00990-00255363-00255709 depending where you are thank you for
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00991-00255710-00256091 for this generous inviting me to
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00992-00256092-00256396 facilitate this session I think I will
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00993-00256398-00256726 start by introduction of the two
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00994-00256727-00257005 distinguished panelists my name is John
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00995-00257006-00257216 Solomon goes to I'm with the Bill and
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00996-00257217-00257410 Melinda Gates Foundation I work closely
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00997-00257411-00258019 with Loren the true panelists are marked
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00998-00258021-00258302 Aquila he is an assistant director and
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-00999-00258303-00258496 coordinator of the spear technology
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01000-00258498-00258667 program at the national root crops
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01001-00258669-00259100 Research Institute located in Roma du
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01002-00259101-00259384 Midi card nigeria he leads the Americas
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01003-00259385-00259619 it's the early generation seed companies
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01004-00259619-00259904 established by the National root crops
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01005-00259905-00260177 Research Institute for production and
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01006-00260178-00260465 sale of EDS and also renders advisor
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01007-00260466-00260773 services not only produced early
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01008-00260775-00260987 generation seeds but they also render
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01009-00260988-00261212 advisor advisory services to their
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01010-00261213-00261269 clients
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01011-00261269-00261873 welcome mark and the next family
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01012-00261875-00262988 talisman he he is an accomplished black
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01013-00262989-00263237 plant breeder researcher seed production
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01014-00263238-00263506 expert he serves as the head of the
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01015-00263507-00263728 genetic resource and seed division of
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01016-00263729-00263813 Bangladesh
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01017-00263814-00264133 she Research Institute Barry I think
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01018-00264134-00264325 that's one of the Institute that was
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01019-00264326-00264579 highlighted during the rich the the
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01020-00264580-00264919 presentation by Jason thank you dr.
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01021-00264920-00265255 Mohammed we have about 20 minutes for
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01022-00265256-00265510 this I have a set of questions I will
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01023-00265511-00265799 start with the first question with dr.
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01024-00265800-00266581 pearl Guzman dr. Karl Guzman
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01025-00266582-00267448 the present was from the presentation I
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01026-00267449-00267895 think the very seed production operation
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01027-00267896-00268327 has expanded significantly as they
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01028-00268328-00268591 significantly over the past 20 years
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01029-00268592-00269011 from a handful of clients and less than
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01030-00269012-00269548 five tons of heat in early 2000 which is
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01031-00269549-00269791 twenty years of ago to over eight
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01032-00269792-00270151 hundred clients in over 125 tons of
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01033-00270152-00270517 breeder feet that's a significant
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01034-00270518-00270858 significant growth my question to you in
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01035-00270859-00271201 dr.mohammed what do you attribute the
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01036-00271202-00271420 market expansion to if you can just
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01037-00271421-00271762 highlight two or three top attributes
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01038-00271763-00272170 and also if you can tell us how has the
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01039-00272171-00272542 expansion impacted impacted your team's
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01040-00272543-00272737 operation it could be around land
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01041-00272738-00273181 availability quality control system so
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01042-00273182-00273625 with that if you can take three to four
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01043-00273626-00273781 minutes or to respond to these questions
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01044-00273782-00274105 and we I have a list of questions I can
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01045-00274106-00274237 come back to the other world
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01046-00274238-00274582 thank you over to you thank you very
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01047-00274583-00275362 much sir thank you very much for giving
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01048-00275363-00275671 me the chance to speak in Visio gorgeou
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01049-00275672-00276034 gorgeous location actually this the
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01050-00276035-00276316 breeder said what we are producing in a
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01051-00276317-00276534 bangle that is sufficient for the
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01052-00276535-00276886 certificate after the certificate update
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01053-00276887-00277255 because I did in our kids the origin
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01054-00277256-00277540 essence it is really not a problem that
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01055-00277541-00277926 is a problem with commercial seed and
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01056-00277927-00278197 that's the usually what are doing the
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01057-00278198-00278581 loss of them you told the system ever
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01058-00278582-00278665 thousand
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01059-00278666-00279013 seed entertainer or some companies also
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01060-00279014-00279283 dealing with the seed business and and
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01061-00279284-00279769 they are receiving benefit from B and
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01062-00279770-00279922 also from Bangladesh
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01063-00279923-00280159 nuclear aggressor Institute problem
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01064-00280160-00280444 arise and then producing foundation city
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01065-00280445-00280726 use eminent then actually what they are
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01066-00280727-00280864 doing they're not getting your may
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01067-00280865-00281077 produce in this a site arrested in most
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01068-00281078-00281323 big cases and the main few cases they
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01069-00281324-00281515 are producing certificate desi one issue
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01070-00281516-00281791 and the funding issue you write the
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01071-00281792-00281980 question absolutely the last ten years
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01072-00281981-00282193 that the most of the government and
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01073-00282194-00282391 actually we used for this subversive
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01074-00282392-00282688 production and and for management of our
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01075-00282689-00282943 ability maintenance and Institute and
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01076-00282944-00283303 and what is you are listening just did
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01077-00283304-00284305 the last year as I told it this last
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01078-00284306-00284620 tenure that we are very excellent mostly
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01079-00284621-00284803 from the advantage of government and
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01080-00284804-00285133 then this humble do not also involve in
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01081-00285134-00285364 this as a like a disability Melinda
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01082-00285365-00285823 Gates Foundation also the the areas
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01083-00285824-00285994 through the Erie we are getting some
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01084-00285995-00286273 concepts actually also some EP also
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01085-00286274-00286621 really silly bear hunting and humor part
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01086-00286622-00287122 for me especially for the zinc or where
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01087-00287123-00287377 nutrition you need to see arises the
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01088-00287378-00287575 imperative designation for promoting
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01089-00287576-00287788 diversity for action so that the farmers
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01090-00287789-00288159 can get the nutrition efficient directly
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01091-00288160-00289707 in an efficient way
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01092-00289708-00290233 and this other thing that the uten
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01093-00290234-00290578 mentioned of them did imported easy
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01094-00290579-00290821 access to the rear seats actually in our
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01095-00290822-00291451 case in our case the biggest is getting
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01096-00291452-00291709 it's very easy actually in instance up
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01097-00291710-00292122 to now because this also you get AB
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01098-00292123-00292333 velocity from Minister of Agriculture
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01099-00292334-00292879 and then you LF you are in the X you are
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01100-00292880-00293269 a capable or your editable part applying
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01101-00293270-00293575 for the velocity and done but we are
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01102-00293576-00293965 trying to supply or decimate our because
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01103-00293966-00294313 it to the time that who has the capacity
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01104-00294314-00294730 of research and R&D and some field also
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01105-00294731-00294997 yes are where we are category game with
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01106-00294998-00295333 different stakeholders in different ways
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01107-00295334-00295639 air DC and although that's not the
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01108-00295640-00295927 finalists by the Ministry of Energy
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01109-00295928-00296248 natural seed board but we are applying
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01110-00296249-00296569 this since in our country so that are
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01111-00296570-00297091 the big bigger company or of the the who
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01112-00297092-00297391 has this infrastructure development they
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01113-00297392-00297691 can get a maximum amount of leadership
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01114-00297692-00298687 and what is what their thing and and and
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01115-00298688-00299014 you know this in our case the default
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01116-00299015-00299401 bigger seed as a breed develop technical
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01117-00299402-00299686 partnership with in this country just as
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01118-00299687-00299905 I told earlier to more than thousand
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01119-00299906-00300244 seed dealer enterprises across the
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01120-00300245-00300454 country they are producing and getting
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01121-00300455-00300645 be dusted and and they are producing
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01122-00300646-00300951 different methods but the problem is
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01123-00300952-00301174 they are not getting the really
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01124-00301175-00301561 interested to produce a newly released
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01125-00301562-00301855 directly yeah mostly they are popular in
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01126-00301856-00302215 public they are cultivated again we use
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01127-00302216-00302521 big give us a demon minute the thing
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01128-00302522-00302803 they hope they get less profit out of
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01129-00302804-00302914 the
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01130-00302915-00303357 long mega Verity defe used area they're
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01131-00303358-00303657 covered by the Bangladesh area you know
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01132-00303658-00303940 the in our country that said in the
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01133-00303941-00304141 water season that we have three main
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01134-00304142-00304356 growing season in borås isn't that we
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01135-00304357-00304635 don't have this a maximum seed producing
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01136-00304636-00304918 death season and the private sector also
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01137-00304919-00305160 involved in the bore of simple but the
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01138-00305161-00305427 problem is said there in almond and our
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01139-00305428-00305644 seasons we practiced a lot of camp over
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01140-00305645-00305895 to produce foundation unless absolutely
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01141-00305896-00306195 adequate or commercial seed or
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01142-00306196-00306475 subsequent assited test the one problem
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01143-00306476-00306828 we are facing and with the interventions
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01144-00306829-00307284 in the earth though to produce the
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01145-00307285-00307626 private sector brings our monogramming
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01146-00307627-00308151 and and our sit down for getting pounded
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01147-00308152-00308425 him sign a certificate with biggest it
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01148-00308426-00308599 to more produce more foundation
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01149-00308600-00308904 certificate and other thing actually in
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01150-00308905-00309337 our country Tessa and in Bangladesh did
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01151-00309338-00309592 they the private sector mostly
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01152-00309593-00309810 interested in the Cooper for hydro sites
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01153-00309811-00310029 because that the prices of hydric acid
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01154-00310030-00310270 is more higher than the ingot rice
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01155-00310271-00310639 that's another issue and say government
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01156-00310640-00310915 policies very very relaxed in the state
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01157-00310916-00311301 and and many common companies they are
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01158-00311302-00311553 very invested their own ability and
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01159-00311554-00311800 definite India in in the field and
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01160-00311801-00312025 therefore they're interested in
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01161-00312026-00312421 delivering to hybrid seed process the
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01162-00312422-00312702 prices moved higher in than the compared
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01163-00312703-00313557 to envisage a sense of thank you dr.
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01164-00313558-00314007 Mohammed to the question - mark mark
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01165-00314008-00314409 your organization or magicky kids is an
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01166-00314410-00314596 offshoot of a National Agricultural
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01167-00314597-00314757 Research Institute which is called
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01168-00314758-00315094 national root causes Institute of of or
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01169-00315095-00315426 NRC I that has a mandate for root and
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01170-00315427-00315817 tuber crops in Nigeria like yam cassava
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01171-00315818-00315964 and sweet potato
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01172-00315965-00316270 why did it make sense to take up a
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01173-00316271-00316525 separate feed company that's the first
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01174-00316526-00316771 question a follow-up question to you is
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01175-00316772-00317085 Ruth introverted businesses are
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01176-00317086-00317413 notoriously tapped between the bulkiness
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01177-00317414-00317742 and the delicate nature of the the crops
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01178-00317743-00318181 what is the biggest pain point for your
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01180-00327644-00327982 on the food security apparatus of the
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01181-00327983-00328275 country and we work with the National
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01182-00328276-00328650 another are contracted counsel to
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01183-00328651-00328977 removing of our quality and then to
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01185-00341134-00341501 the difficulty and fortress of Hamas to
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01186-00341502-00341765 assessing and getting in contact with
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01189-00350957-00351272 much for the comprehensive response and
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01190-00351273-00351526 back to dr. Mohammed dr. Mohammed I have
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01191-00351527-00351790 one more question for you
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01192-00351791-00352163 as we heard from the presentation to
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01193-00352164-00352346 have a second feed system we need both
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01194-00352347-00352643 the private sector as well as the public
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01195-00352644-00352728 sector
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01196-00352729-00353171 how has PRI your organization as the
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01197-00353172-00353414 public sector is relating with the
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01198-00353415-00353680 private seed companies is that is that
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01199-00353681-00353864 relationship evolving over the years
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01200-00353865-00354181 where do you see the key areas of
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01201-00354182-00354448 partner partnership now and in the
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01202-00354449-00356408 future dr. Mohammed
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01203-00356409-00356991 how will have we lost dr. Mohammed yes
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01204-00356992-00357173 it appears that we lost dr. Mohammed
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01205-00357174-00357407 right now I'll work with him to
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01206-00357408-00357813 establish his audio okay mark
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01207-00357814-00359027 I can I come back to you don't you are
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01208-00359028-00359549 very good and so I have one more
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01209-00359550-00359841 question for you dr. Mohammed um so like
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01210-00359842-00360029 we heard from the presentation we need
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01211-00360030-00360203 both the private sector in the public
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01212-00360204-00360540 sector to play their relative role
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01213-00360541-00360731 effectively to have an effective state
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01214-00360732-00360808 system
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01215-00360809-00361148 how has the aera rights relationship
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01216-00361149-00361307 with the private sector companies
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01217-00361308-00361614 evolving over the years where do you see
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01218-00361615-00362129 the key areas of partnership now also in
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01219-00362130-00364626 the future seems like his on mute
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01220-00364627-00365071 can I hit me yeah as I told earlier
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01221-00365072-00366295 definitely yes as I as I told us as I
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01222-00366296-00366505 told alia that's a in our conservative
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01223-00366506-00366809 seed policy to be very liberal and
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01224-00366810-00367072 private-sector getting involved in for
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01225-00367073-00367525 seed production since 1998 and then
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01226-00367526-00367837 before that only a public sector the
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01227-00367838-00368013 Bangladesh aggressive Development
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01228-00368014-00368224 Corporation they used to produce the
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01229-00368225-00368479 foundation as well as subsequent sati
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01230-00368480-00368817 right and truthfully level six after the
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01231-00368818-00369241 policy liberalization in 1998 privacy
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01232-00369242-00369649 forgetting starts to involve in brief or
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01233-00369650-00369973 getting bigger seed and then and the
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01234-00369974-00370305 initially to three companies in the
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01235-00370306-00370612 disability and now after death at this
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01236-00370613-00370948 that was the decisive also been getting
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01237-00370949-00371272 made very easier and then if it's a free
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01238-00371273-00371587 of cost at that time now it's a summer P
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01239-00371588-00371812 is also involved nowadays but before
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01240-00371813-00372108 that and that is a free of cost and loss
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01241-00372109-00372325 of the entrepreneurship in the plastic
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01242-00372326-00372796 amphora two-seated sector and this day
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01243-00372797-00373032 listen be getting digested to apply
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01244-00373033-00373363 deducted for from breed and they image
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01245-00373364-00373693 and visit leadership to Dayton to
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01246-00373694-00373899 produce foundation and subsequent
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01247-00373900-00374221 society receipt and and in the key issue
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01248-00374222-00374416 actually that's a in our country we
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01249-00374417-00374728 brought we input debt get to the default
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01250-00374729-00374958 II Vietnam public sector in a umbrella
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01251-00374959-00375247 and that's what we call this as the rice
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01252-00375248-00375676 seed network in our Institute and all
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01253-00375677-00376035 the organizational and there remain
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01254-00376036-00376372 continuously connecting us other and
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01255-00376373-00376792 communicate alpha and and then then
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01256-00376793-00377230 communicates us I was too - I have to
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01257-00377231-00377539 sit there mmm take this and that will
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01258-00377540-00377832 advise them there if you take foundation
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01259-00377833-00377902 seeds you can
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01260-00377903-00378154 get founded from the dead company or X
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01261-00378155-00378430 company if you want and really even
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01262-00378431-00378739 comfort here we will even give them
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01263-00378740-00379012 supply you the leadership with a minimum
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01264-00379013-00379285 cost Excel actually our country is only
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01265-00379286-00379546 the $2 listen to the lecture with the
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01266-00379547-00379858 price of party low of video sedan and
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01267-00379859-00380146 then and then then this is network
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01268-00380147-00380476 expanded in end of the whole country and
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01269-00380477-00380851 and then then then HeartMath easily get
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01270-00380852-00381112 the foundation as a sub-site proceed
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01271-00381113-00381559 from death didn't dealers or partners
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01272-00381560-00381864 that we have produced more than thousand
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01273-00381865-00382156 seed dealers are involved in deficit
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01274-00382157-00382579 network and we we hope that this never
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01275-00382580-00382966 be near a partnership will go forward in
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01276-00382967-00383233 the future event with a sam'l diversity
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01277-00383234-00383713 and that in our case we are surprising
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01278-00383714-00384070 them to come to us in a efficient way in
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01279-00384071-00384274 which their research and development R&D
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01280-00384275-00384673 to more efficient ways in a big man the
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01281-00384674-00384934 music network so that that can get more
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01282-00384935-00385171 aggressive and pros more foundations and
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01283-00385172-00385411 substance at aggressive so that the deep
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01284-00385412-00385699 my country and get them the people
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01285-00385700-00385897 haven't get a sufficient amount of
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01286-00385898-00386191 biggest service in a commercial seed in
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01287-00386192-00386305 their boasted
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01288-00386306-00389275 thank you all
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01289-00389276-00389578 [Music]
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01290-00389579-00390233 can you hear me mark yeah yeah I think
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01291-00390234-00390461 I'm pausing the same question to you but
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01292-00390462-00390674 may be worded differently and where do
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01293-00390675-00390869 you see opportunities to collaborate
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01294-00390870-00391175 with the private sector is that in for
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01295-00391176-00391430 example demand planning of early work or
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01296-00391431-00391958 during promotion or trials also just to
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01297-00391959-00392042 add to that
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01298-00392043-00392297 what role did is the public sector
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01299-00392298-00392573 playing to enable the establishment of
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01300-00392574-00392780 the business are they paying employees
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01301-00392781-00393104 salaries land availing land or equipment
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01302-00393105-00393398 or operational resources if you can
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01303-00393399-00393653 respond to those two questions at the
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01304-00393654-00394337 same time would be great and their
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01305-00394338-00395636 collaboration into organization to show
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01306-00395637-00396677 us we collaborated with option to move
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01307-00396678-00397037 on in terms of the private sector also
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01308-00397038-00397490 they are a huge development of people
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01309-00397491-00398024 and properties that are put together so
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01310-00398025-00398279 in terms of the working to ensure
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01311-00398280-00398555 quality the National Economic Council
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01312-00398556-00398876 with very strong bodies that they're
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01313-00398877-00399086 walking in that regard relational
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01314-00399087-00399388 physical to give both communication
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01315-00399389-00399728 field and then we sacrifice that they
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01316-00399729-00400163 are all occupied and known and here and
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01317-00400164-00402403 all that if it is not satisfied
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01319-00411227-00412330 potential and then we market it is fine
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01320-00412331-00412493 thank you Mark
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01321-00412493-00412747 now we heard from both dr. Muhammad and
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01322-00412748-00412953 mark in terms of how they are
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01323-00412954-00413162 implementing it all of the ground in
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01324-00413163-00413428 terms of producing a regeneration feed
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01325-00413429-00413672 unfortunately live we are running out of
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01326-00413672-00413809 time already
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01327-00413810-00414137 so I will hand it over to Jennifer to
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01328-00414138-00414472 lead us through the Q&A session thank
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01329-00414474-00415097 you so much thanks and follow thanks so
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01330-00415097-00415388 much to our presenters and our
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01331-00415389-00415582 participants and your patience with the
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01332-00415583-00415846 audio challenges that we've had today
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01333-00415847-00416159 we've got a lot of great questions we've
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01334-00416160-00416513 got about 15 minutes left so we'll try
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01335-00416514-00416938 and address as many of these as we can
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01336-00416939-00417307 the first one I have here is from Hari
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01337-00417308-00417731 Kumar Shraddha if it's a pipeline
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01338-00417732-00417830 product
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01339-00417831-00418066 how could you classify seed as a breeder
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01340-00418067-00418582 foundation seed Marcus is something you
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01341-00418583-00419156 could respond to Marcus anga yeah heard
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01342-00419157-00419759 that too yes we can hear you I would
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01343-00419760-00420671 defer that to Jason okay sure Jason are
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01344-00420672-00420947 you on yeah sure yeah sure Jason here
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01345-00420947-00421093 yeah I mean if I understand the question
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01346-00421095-00421297 and we're talking about products as part
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01347-00421299-00421487 of a pipeline and we're talking about a
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01348-00421488-00421693 breeder and foundation seed Morris
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01349-00421693-00422084 classifications of seed that are linked
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01350-00422085-00422414 to an individual product so I think that
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01351-00422414-00422675 the the classification seed follow from
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01352-00422676-00423041 a variety or a product out of a product
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01353-00423042-00423242 pipeline but that the classes are
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01354-00423243-00423956 distinct from the pipeline itself we're
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01355-00423957-00424189 kind of following that following that
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01356-00424191-00424553 question from Medellin in Cambodia who
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01357-00424554-00424778 is responsible to use foundation seed
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01358-00424779-00425039 here in Cambodia foundation seed
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01359-00425039-00425285 production is the sole responsibility of
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01360-00425285-00425450 the public sector which does not have
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01361-00425451-00425693 the capacity so I could probably respond
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01362-00425693-00425893 to that so yeah but what we have found
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01363-00425895-00426305 is that these types of situations are
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01364-00426306-00426812 often driven by national legal systems
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01365-00426813-00427257 until not long ago in Ghana was mandated
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01366-00427258-00427697 by law that foundation seed was the
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01367-00427697-00428007 responsibility of the grains and legumes
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01368-00428008-00428328 Development Board there are similar laws
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01369-00428329-00428592 like that in different countries around
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01370-00428593-00428910 the world those these aren't the most
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01371-00428910-00429147 advantageous types of institutional
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01372-00429147-00429326 arrangements for a number of reasons
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01373-00429327-00429837 it's it's much more effective to allow
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01374-00429838-00430139 or or provide institutional arrangements
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01375-00430141-00430595 that will co-opt private sector
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01376-00430596-00430827 investment into foundation seed
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01377-00430828-00431043 production but again if it's a matter of
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01378-00431043-00431538 national law in those cases laws should
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01379-00431539-00432920 change great thank you Mark I have a
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01380-00432921-00433320 question from Mohammed Aslam for dr.
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01381-00433321-00433680 Zalman I think this is dr. Mohammad do
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01382-00433681-00433926 you think the breeder seed produced by
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01383-00433927-00434916 public organization is enough
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01385-00438242-00438649 okay your microphone has been turned on
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01386-00438650-00438797 the shame
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01387-00438797-00439310 I know okay let's see if we can get them
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01388-00439310-00440114 in a bold vision yes yes that's the
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01389-00440114-00440429 cushion they were raised by somebody
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01390-00440430-00440759 that's a actually if you consider it is
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01391-00440760-00440995 we are producing most mixing on the
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01392-00440996-00441152 amount of audacity and it's absolutely
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01393-00441153-00441389 times higher than the total Vickerman if
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01394-00441389-00441677 you follow the tip multivision ratio is
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01395-00441678-00442162 just one is 281 then if if it should be
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01396-00442163-00442364 is in three times higher than that we
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01397-00442364-00442625 are producing this and the predicament
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01398-00442626-00442864 just follow this is multiple severity
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01399-00442865-00443099 and the seat air flow from bigger seed
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01400-00443100-00443395 to saturate foundation seed and then 30
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01401-00443396-00443549 bad seed it should be three times higher
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01402-00443550-00443897 and it's actually this the bottleneck is
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01403-00443897-00444179 shallow hot at the dealer or seed
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01404-00444180-00444385 producer doing they are selling the
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01405-00444386-00444812 foundation seat as for the from promote
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01406-00444813-00445072 profit just be bottleneck actually we
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01407-00445073-00445505 need to intervene DF désolée not to tell
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01408-00445506-00445735 the function seed in the form of level
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01409-00445736-00446062 should be harvested or fruitful level
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01410-00446063-00446393 seeds to develop so that and then secret
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01411-00446393-00446657 personal page should be more depth and
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01412-00446658-00446914 safety person if you post on that way
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01413-00446915-00447772 thank you thanks so much
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01414-00447773-00448205 I have another question from David
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01415-00448206-00448747 Stillman around checkoff dollars asking
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01416-00448748-00449078 is that similar to an endpoint royalty
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01417-00449079-00449460 system or a levy on commodity producers
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01418-00449461-00449756 yes are those example those checkoff
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01419-00449757-00449912 systems yeah thank you
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01420-00449913-00450209 yeah I can take that question I big
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01421-00450210-00450482 question David I guess to clarify we're
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01422-00450483-00450626 thinking about those things to think
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01423-00450627-00450812 things the checkoff funds being largely
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01424-00450813-00451049 managed by commodity associations which
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01425-00451050-00451387 serve marketing and potentially a a
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01426-00451388-00451550 reinvestment in Rhys
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01427-00451551-00451733 search institutions where as the end
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01428-00451734-00452081 point royalty is more on the collecting
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01429-00452082-00452360 IP or collecting revenue from IP
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01430-00452360-00452545 varieties that go back to research
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01431-00452546-00453091 institutions or breeding programs great
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01432-00453092-00453452 thank you Jason all right I'm looking
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01433-00453453-00454441 through an additional question okay
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01434-00454442-00454799 please continue to include questions in
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01435-00454800-00454993 the chat as we have a few minutes
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01436-00454994-00455408 remaining
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01437-00455409-00455689 Jason maybe you could also clarify the
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01438-00455690-00455929 commercial adoption rates versus seed
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01439-00455930-00456277 recycling and the resulting implication
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01440-00456278-00456506 for early generation seeds
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01441-00456507-00456935 requirement planning sure I mean I guess
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01442-00456935-00457193 and this is a my perspective I'm sure
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01443-00457193-00457347 there's a mephone has different ones
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01444-00457348-00457743 commercial adoption for me is that a
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01445-00457744-00458125 farmer has adopted a particular variety
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01446-00458126-00458420 they may not refresh that variety or
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01447-00458421-00458612 repurchase it every year and it's
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01448-00458613-00458804 disease pressure that yield degradation
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01449-00458805-00458960 isn't there which doesn't warrant
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01450-00458960-00459250 reinvestment but that it's commercially
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01451-00459251-00459487 adopted the replacement rate is there
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01452-00459488-00459700 more around the frequency with which
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01453-00459701-00460272 those varieties are replaced by farmers
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01454-00460273-00460585 anyone else want to contribute for that
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01455-00460586-00461127 question
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01456-00461128-00461420 okay we'll move on to the next question
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01457-00461421-00461783 from Chris Leggero
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01458-00461784-00462012 what is the experience in terms of
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01459-00462013-00462247 wining foundation seed companies
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01460-00462247-00462525 specialising in foundation seed only and
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01461-00462526-00462831 to a commercial seed company producing
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01462-00462832-00463045 its own foundation seed say under a
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01463-00463046-00463333 license from the breeder and three
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01464-00463334-00463591 public institutions supplying foundation
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01465-00463592-00463852 seed how do these differ in terms of
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01466-00463853-00464166 quality quantity and timeliness great
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01467-00464167-00464383 question Chris who would like to be the
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01468-00464384-00465368 first to respond to that
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01469-00465369-00466814 yes and I think I can talk about it yeah
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01470-00466814-00467945 question about it only sometimes you
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01471-00467946-00468276 know it has to do with the arrangements
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01472-00468277-00468764 that have to bring about the law school
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01473-00468764-00469189 for instance getting the we decree and
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01474-00469191-00469482 Republican speeds if the panelists
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01475-00469483-00470177 accompany it is going to be a little bit
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01476-00470178-00470463 there is a need for them to be creative
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01477-00470464-00470763 in what they do the company that will
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01478-00470764-00471164 transition require a breeder from where
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01479-00471166-00471545 breivik can be found and inducted if it
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01480-00471546-00471909 is not the same then the supply systems
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01481-00471910-00472110 and the demand for customer acquisition
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01482-00472110-00472659 fee basis and who are optical who will
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01483-00472660-00473001 be initial so it needed that this
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01484-00473002-00473345 company be able to handle the situation
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01485-00473346-00473664 and and then have the license like in
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01486-00473664-00473904 the case of Nigeria we have not not
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01487-00473905-00474105 because they're licensed they're not
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01488-00474106-00474153 different
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01489-00474154-00474441 so whatever the Foundation's the
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01490-00474442-00474906 company's proposal studies commissioned
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01491-00474907-00475368 to produce certified seed for collect so
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01492-00475368-00475554 if they have two or three of the end up
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01493-00475555-00475827 wins it was fine static one with a
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01494-00475828-00476025 Venetian they are completely fall back
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01495-00476026-00476562 that is the weight bearing then the
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01496-00476563-00476799 quality is not compromised at this level
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01497-00476800-00477075 this certification and and the
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01498-00477076-00477335 assessment is built on and licensing and
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01499-00477337-00477585 then renewal or facilities in handled by
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01500-00477585-00477780 the national feed Council that is the
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01501-00477781-00478487 umbrella umbrella organization
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01502-00478488-00478745 great thank you Mark anyone else wanted
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01503-00478746-00479465 to add to that response all right we've
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01504-00479466-00479741 got some other questions coming in from
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01505-00479742-00480020 Andrew Julius where do we stand in all
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01506-00480021-00480333 of the EGS sort of production chains in
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01507-00480334-00480762 regards to GMO feed uh go ahead mark I
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01508-00480763-00480956 was just going to add to that on
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01509-00480957-00481172 foundation seed what we find it really
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01510-00481173-00481652 is that the interests of producing
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01511-00481653-00481910 foundations he really often is a
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01512-00481911-00482165 function of what crop were talking about
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01513-00482166-00482570 so hybrid maize can be done by a single
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01514-00482571-00483013 company under one roof so to speak and
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01515-00483014-00483365 and that company can take responsibility
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01516-00483366-00483631 all the way from the from breeding to
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01517-00483632-00483977 distribution through the product life
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01518-00483978-00484229 cycle and retiring
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01519-00484230-00484472 that's that seed and on the other hand
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01520-00484473-00484691 for certain crops so common beans might
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01521-00484692-00485062 be in a good example we're producing the
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01522-00485063-00485516 the foundation seed of of common beans
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01523-00485517-00485760 is really an expensive proposition they
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01524-00485760-00486191 multiply very slowly over time producing
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01525-00486192-00486595 maybe doesn't seeds a plant there's
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01526-00486596-00486917 they're heavy there's not a certain
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01527-00486918-00487295 demand for them so that we find in some
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01528-00487296-00487522 of those instances there's often
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01529-00487523-00487894 government or other private
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01530-00487895-00488198 public/private partnership arrangements
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01531-00488199-00488623 that that will be responsible for
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01532-00488624-00488885 multiplying the foundation seed so again
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01533-00488886-00489704 it's it's very often crop dependent
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01534-00489705-00490200 thanks a lot mark great I'll guess I'll
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01535-00490201-00490410 return to that last question I was
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01536-00490410-00490758 posing here from Andrew where do I stand
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01537-00490759-00491031 in all of the EGS seed production chain
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01538-00491032-00491381 in regards to GMO seed lauren is there
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01539-00491382-00492470 something you could respond to
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01540-00492471-00493125 can you hear me yes we can hear you just
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01541-00493126-00493305 speak up just a bit more it's a little
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01542-00493306-00493662 muffled work well I think there was two
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01543-00493663-00493884 questions one was I think Greg sacks was
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01544-00493885-00494076 asking about kind of what we've learned
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01545-00494077-00494352 about foundation C I think so or
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01546-00494353-00494538 supporting the seed sector and I think
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01547-00494539-00494772 the cup there's a couple things that are
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01548-00494772-00495255 fairly clear one thing is that some kind
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01549-00495256-00495501 of early generation seed system needs to
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01550-00495502-00495774 be a very intentional process in a
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01551-00495775-00495947 country it just doesn't happen on its
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01552-00495949-00496266 own and so you can't just simply support
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01553-00496267-00496689 something like a North Station to
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01554-00496689-00496854 produce some breeder seeds one time
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01555-00496855-00497037 because you still have are gonna have
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01556-00497038-00497304 that problem so this idea that someone
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01557-00497305-00497510 needs to say it can't be just some one
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01558-00497512-00497928 part-time job supporting this and it
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01559-00497929-00498212 needs to be actually a very conscious
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01560-00498213-00498495 conscientiously a business unit somewhat
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01561-00498496-00498753 like Marx described they're doing in
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01562-00498754-00499199 only DJ to actually have a independent
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01563-00499200-00499509 business that's around that I would say
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01564-00499510-00499746 for other seeds certainly I think with
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01565-00499747-00500034 hybrids there's a case for having a
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01566-00500035-00500418 company CBS is one example of a company
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01567-00500418-00500655 that's specializing in in just the
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01568-00500656-00500864 parent seed and not doing any commercial
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01569-00500866-00501063 to compete with the seed company
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01570-00501064-00501335 customers and that I think is a good
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01571-00501337-00501501 weight would be company to be able to
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01572-00501502-00501846 happen to all quality seed production so
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01573-00501847-00502010 I think there are both those public and
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01574-00502012-00502329 the private example as far as DM product
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01575-00502330-00502697 there's there's very limited acceptance
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01576-00502699-00502995 so far I wish it were not the case but
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01577-00502996-00503330 outside of South Africa there isn't any
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01578-00503331-00503667 countries doing active may hybrid maize
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01579-00503668-00503895 production although we are starting to
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01580-00503896-00504204 see some changes Ethiopia certainly has
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01581-00504205-00504660 it is opening up a bit more and other
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01582-00504660-00504822 countries are are getting a little
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01583-00504822-00505166 further along I think when this happens
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01584-00505167-00505488 salvation seed and early generation seed
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01585-00505489-00505772 will become much more critical because
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01586-00505773-00506045 there are stewardship issues around this
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01587-00506046-00506220 so that's something that you know we're
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01588-00506221-00506597 certainly what to be aware of and make
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01589-00506598-00506808 sure that that is hell responsibly
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01590-00506809-00507159 because as we all know if you if there a
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01591-00507160-00507243 problem
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01592-00507243-00507764 there is a lot of a lot of anti-gm
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01593-00507764-00508149 voices out there and they will be happy
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01594-00508150-00508449 to exploit any failures in the system so
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01595-00508450-00508664 it's a whole issue around quality
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01596-00508664-00508938 assurance that was sought out in the
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01597-00508939-00509181 case study are just amplified when
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01598-00509182-00509400 you're talking about technology new
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01599-00509401-00509616 technologies broad indices so I think
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01600-00509617-00509904 that's up to something then we will
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01601-00509905-00510289 watch and will be an increasingly
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01602-00510290-00510537 important part of the work that we do is
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01603-00510538-00510753 to make sure that the quality standards
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01604-00510754-00511268 are up to ensuring the best result for
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01605-00511269-00511500 the seed trade for the seed industry to
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01606-00511501-00511782 be able to take up any technologies was
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01607-00511783-00512049 there diem or not and also to provide
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01608-00512050-00512304 more confidence for the farmer that what
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01609-00512305-00512703 they're buying is really that's quality
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01610-00512704-00513958 through the type and unadulterated
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01611-00513959-00514255 well thanks Lauren for that response we
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01612-00514256-00514585 are at the top of the hour so I wanted
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01613-00514585-00514831 to go ahead and close out the session
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01614-00514832-00515032 but I do want to call your attention to
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01615-00515033-00515245 the next ever links webinar we'll be
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01616-00515246-00515467 hosting on July 1st market-led
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01617-00515468-00515671 interventions for seed security response
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01618-00515672-00515889 please go to the Agri links webinar the
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01619-00515891-00516099 website to register for this webinar
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01620-00516100-00516457 it's sure to be a really good one we're
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01621-00516458-00516658 also planning for another webinar in
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01622-00516659-00516862 September that will focus on innovations
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01623-00516863-00517021 in global seed systems
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01624-00517022-00517276 stay tuned for registration information
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01625-00517277-00517699 as we get closer to that date so in
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01626-00517700-00517879 closing I want to thank our wonderful
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01627-00517880-00518146 presenters for your depth and answering
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01628-00518147-00518335 all the questions and for the content
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01629-00518335-00518568 you presented today most of all I really
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01630-00518570-00518782 want to thank our attendees for your
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01631-00518783-00519097 participation all of the conversation
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01632-00519097-00519280 and the chat is really valuable and
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01633-00519281-00519571 certainly your patience as we navigated
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01634-00519572-00520003 the challenges with audio today we want
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01635-00520004-00520183 to thank the feeds of future knowledge
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01636-00520184-00520518 data learning and training project for
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01637-00520520-00520710 helping to manage these Agri links
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01638-00520712-00521200 webinar series and we hope that you all
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01639-00521201-00521524 have a great rest of your day we'll
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01640-00521525-00521812 leave this open and put some polls up so
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01641-00521813-00521953 that you can help us improve our
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01642-00521954-00522202 webinars going forward and we'll leave
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01643-00522203-00522472 the chat box open for a bit here too as
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01644-00522472-00522754 you close out your conversations thanks
+5t9ck2N-UwQ-01645-00522755-00523081 so much bye-bye