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+7QaVDkzogq4-00000-00001492-00001989 Welcome to practical trigonometry.
+7QaVDkzogq4-00001-00002327-00002873 It would be a lot easier to learn trigonometry if you knew how it was used
+7QaVDkzogq4-00002-00002873-00003472 in the shop. The following problems show some typical trigonometry applications.
+7QaVDkzogq4-00003-00003472-00004120 For simplicity all length measurements given are in inches.
+7QaVDkzogq4-00004-00004604-00004810 (drilling hole)
+7QaVDkzogq4-00005-00007043-00007697 How deep should you feed an 82 degree countersink to get a 0.836 inch
+7QaVDkzogq4-00006-00007697-00008050 diameter hole at the top?
+7QaVDkzogq4-00007-00008202-00008882 Figure out what you know. Draw and Mark a diagram as shown.
+7QaVDkzogq4-00009-00010565-00011082 Once you know your measurements, label the sides of the triangle according to
+7QaVDkzogq4-00010-00011082-00011375 the angle you are using.
+7QaVDkzogq4-00011-00011387-00012074 In this example use the formula tangent of the angle equals the opposite side
+7QaVDkzogq4-00012-00012074-00012536 length divided by the adjacent side length.
+7QaVDkzogq4-00013-00012536-00013207 Use algebra to rearrange the terms of the equation and solve as shown.
+7QaVDkzogq4-00015-00013979-00014609 So you would have to feed the countersink 0.481 inches deep to get a
+7QaVDkzogq4-00016-00014609-00015138 diameter of 0.836 inches at the top.
+7QaVDkzogq4-00017-00015647-00016236 Now, try your hand at the following problems. Round your answers to three
+7QaVDkzogq4-00018-00016236-00016859 decimal places. Pause the video while you solve each problem.
+7QaVDkzogq4-00019-00017031-00017634 How deep should you feed a 90 degree countersink to get a 0.458 inch
+7QaVDkzogq4-00020-00017634-00018317 diameter hole at the top? Now watch the problem as solved.
+7QaVDkzogq4-00021-00018317-00019181 The two legs of a 45-degree triangle are equal so 0.229 inches is the depth. Note,
+7QaVDkzogq4-00022-00019181-00019802 if you use tangent as in the example you should get the same result. This is a
+7QaVDkzogq4-00023-00019802-00020269 shortcut for 45-degree right triangles.
+7QaVDkzogq4-00025-00021059-00021493 What is the width at the bottom of the dovetail?
+7QaVDkzogq4-00027-00022106-00022552 Watch as we solve for the adjacent side.
+7QaVDkzogq4-00029-00023431-00024004 Remember to add it to both sides of the one inch length as shown so the total
+7QaVDkzogq4-00030-00024004-00024490 width is 1.289 inches.
+7QaVDkzogq4-00032-00025301-00025932 How deep does the tip of a 3/8 inch drill extend in the hole?
+7QaVDkzogq4-00033-00026355-00026561 you
+7QaVDkzogq4-00034-00026763-00027239 watch the solution for the adjacent side
+7QaVDkzogq4-00036-00028451-00029248 So the tip of the drill extends 0.11 three inches into the hole.
+7QaVDkzogq4-00038-00030266-00030814 What is the included angle of the tapers shown at the left?
+7QaVDkzogq4-00039-00031186-00031560 Watch as we solve for the angle.
+7QaVDkzogq4-00040-00031843-00032657 Remember to get the angle press "2nd" then "tan" on your calculator to use
+7QaVDkzogq4-00041-00032657-00032929 arctangent.
+7QaVDkzogq4-00042-00032966-00033560 We need to add both angles together so double the answer to get 3.950
+7QaVDkzogq4-00043-00033560-00034363 3.950 degrees or 3 degrees 57 minutes, one second.
+7QaVDkzogq4-00044-00034937-00035500 What is the included angle of the part shown at the left?
+7QaVDkzogq4-00045-00035669-00036109 Watch as we solve for the missing angle.
+7QaVDkzogq4-00047-00036661-00037794 The full angle is 126 degrees, 3 minutes 58 seconds, or 126.066
+7QaVDkzogq4-00048-00037794-00038061 degrees.
+7QaVDkzogq4-00049-00038403-00038620 This completes this video:
+7QaVDkzogq4-00050-00038650-00038975 Practical Trigonometry
+7Re8v612UHy-00000-00000000-00000050 ML
+7Re8v612UHy-00001-00000320-00000720 there are middle of the truck easy been out for the lead Division Street far
+7Re8v612UHy-00002-00000720-00001371 outside of the rail as Padre Lobell into the first turn easy been up for the lead
+7Re8v612UHy-00003-00001371-00001830 at the rail is Padre LaBelle Division Street up to take third
+7Re8v612UHy-00004-00001830-00002243 at the railroad command-c is fourth they head down the backstretch throw into
+7Re8v612UHy-00005-00002243-00002861 quarter Paul easy Ben shows the way by full length Padre LaBelle prompting the
+7Re8v612UHy-00006-00002861-00003248 pace second three and a half lengths back to Division three third another
+7Re8v612UHy-00007-00003248-00003605 tutor royal command C fourth eraser is faith
+7Re8v612UHy-00008-00003605-00004134 Truman sixth and farmsteads fame brings up the rear of the first quarter in 28
+7Re8v612UHy-00009-00004134-00004737 and two around the paddock turn the first time easy Ben leads it by a full
+7Re8v612UHy-00010-00004737-00005175 length Padre Lobell a second two lines back to Division three third another
+7Re8v612UHy-00011-00005175-00005642 tutor royal command C fourth eraser faith with Truman and farmsteads Fame
+7Re8v612UHy-00012-00005642-00006207 approaching the half-mile pole easy Ben maintains a linked and a half lead Padre
+7Re8v612UHy-00013-00006207-00006698 LaBelle is second two links the Division Street 3rd walk command see about a half
+7Re8v612UHy-00014-00006698-00007293 and 58 and 2 under the clubhouse turn they go easy Ben as the lead putt ray
+7Re8v612UHy-00015-00007293-00007833 LaBelle a second division street moves on the outside a close to third three
+7Re8v612UHy-00016-00007833-00008313 back the Royal Command see they head down the backstretch final time easy Ben
+7Re8v612UHy-00017-00008313-00008672 leads at Division Street smoking up on the outside
+7Re8v612UHy-00018-00008672-00009261 for Mike LaChance he's got the lead Division Street on the outside has taken
+7Re8v612UHy-00019-00009261-00009945 the lead there by three-quarters in 127 and 2 under the final third Division
+7Re8v612UHy-00020-00009945-00010479 Street leads it by 2 closing from the outside royal command C is now second
+7Re8v612UHy-00021-00010479-00010950 easy been back to third to the four outside is e racer
+7Re8v612UHy-00022-00010950-00011361 they are in the stretch for the finish Division Street of Michaelis translated
+7Re8v612UHy-00023-00011361-00011914 here Acer closing on the far outside deep stretch Division Street and Michael
+7Re8v612UHy-00024-00011914-00011964 ML
+7Re8v612UHy-00025-00011964-00012796 shots become a dish in Street tonight will come and see a second in 157 fly
+7RNS3H0MYmu-00000-00000000-00000446 (Music)
+7RNS3H0MYmu-00001-00000446-00000893 (Music)
+7RNS3H0MYmu-00002-00000893-00000999 Hey there,
+7RNS3H0MYmu-00003-00001000-00001223 that ice cream looks delicious.
+7RNS3H0MYmu-00004-00001223-00001446 Is that strawberry?
+7RNS3H0MYmu-00005-00001446-00001666 Know why it tastes so good,
+7RNS3H0MYmu-00006-00001666-00001943 and looks so delicious.
+7RNS3H0MYmu-00007-00001943-00002306 Lets figure it out with STEM.
+7RNS3H0MYmu-00008-00002306-00002606 Your tongue has millions of sensory cells
+7RNS3H0MYmu-00009-00002606-00002909 that capture and send taste information.
+7RNS3H0MYmu-00010-00002910-00003360 Sensory cells are very fine tuned biological senses.
+7RNS3H0MYmu-00011-00003360-00003633 Your smart phone has technical senses.
+7RNS3H0MYmu-00012-00003633-00003916 It can recognise your finger with its touch screen,
+7RNS3H0MYmu-00013-00003916-00004073 colors with its camera,
+7RNS3H0MYmu-00014-00004073-00004433 or GPS data with its antenna.
+7RNS3H0MYmu-00015-00004433-00004653 The data comes from satellites
+7RNS3H0MYmu-00016-00004653-00004873 and shows you where you are on earth.
+7RNS3H0MYmu-00017-00004873-00005509 The earth is a tiny planet with a radius of only 6,370 Kilometers.
+7RNS3H0MYmu-00018-00005510-00005783 You might think you are eating your ice cream peacefully,
+7RNS3H0MYmu-00019-00005783-00005906 but actually,
+7RNS3H0MYmu-00020-00005906-00006373 you're racing around the sun at 30 Kilometers per second.
+7RNS3H0MYmu-00021-00006373-00006773 The sun is at the center of our solar system,
+7RNS3H0MYmu-00022-00006773-00006966 which is part of the milky way.
+7RNS3H0MYmu-00023-00006966-00007366 That's a galaxy with 300 billion suns.
+7RNS3H0MYmu-00024-00007366-00007609 The distances out there are so huge
+7RNS3H0MYmu-00025-00007609-00007813 that they are measured in light years.
+7RNS3H0MYmu-00026-00007813-00008163 Because light waves are the fastest in a race.
+7RNS3H0MYmu-00027-00008163-00008293 Using light waves,
+7RNS3H0MYmu-00028-00008293-00008689 plants absorb Co2 and produce energy and oxygen.
+7RNS3H0MYmu-00029-00008690-00009040 That way, they create the basis for all life on earth,
+7RNS3H0MYmu-00030-00009040-00009253 and ingredients for ice cream.
+7RNS3H0MYmu-00031-00009253-00009466 Light allows you to see colors,
+7RNS3H0MYmu-00032-00009466-00009799 which are just light waves with specific wave lengths.
+7RNS3H0MYmu-00033-00009800-00010063 Light waves are reflected by the ice cream,
+7RNS3H0MYmu-00034-00010063-00010369 taken in by your eyes, and sent to your brain,
+7RNS3H0MYmu-00035-00010370-00010686 and then comes the taste information from your tongue.
+7RNS3H0MYmu-00036-00010686-00010959 Happiness hormones are released and we think,
+7RNS3H0MYmu-00037-00010960-00011230 hmm yum strawberry
+7RNS3H0MYmu-00038-00011230-00011340 and hormones are...
+7RNS3H0MYmu-00039-00011340-00011603 Ooh sorry, enough information for now.
+7RNS3H0MYmu-00040-00011603-00011936 But as you can see, STEM explains a lot of things,
+7RNS3H0MYmu-00041-00011936-00012516 and also why the same things are sometimes solid and sometimes liquid.
+7RNS3H0MYmu-00042-00012516-00012916 Alright, I'll buy you a new one.
+7RNS3H0MYmu-00043-00012916-00013443 (Music)
+7UozSzbglCy-00000-00002192-00002672 hey what's up cajon players i hope you are doing well i'm glad to be back here with another
+7UozSzbglCy-00001-00002672-00003264 cajon video for you today i'm going to test and review the minor artisan pickup cajon this one
+7UozSzbglCy-00002-00004096-00004488 i have been playing this cajon for the last two months in gigs and concerts
+7UozSzbglCy-00003-00004488-00004904 and i thought it would be nice to share my experience with you so without further ado
+7UozSzbglCy-00004-00004904-00005192 let's check the specifications in the minor percussion website
+7UozSzbglCy-00005-00005752-00006280 the model of this cajon is the artisan solea knife that comes with two sets of five strings
+7UozSzbglCy-00006-00006280-00006544 that span across inside of the plane surface
+7UozSzbglCy-00007-00006800-00007312 it comes with rounded corners and tub notches for optimal playing comfort and sound
+7UozSzbglCy-00008-00007552-00007840 economically rounded front plate with convex contact
+7UozSzbglCy-00009-00008224-00008584 and it comes with a ph pickup with volume and tone control
+7UozSzbglCy-00010-00008824-00009304 and a jack cable port that allows to send the signal to any amp rpa system
+7UozSzbglCy-00011-00009624-00010120 this cajon costs 350 euros in europe and 350 dollars in the us
+7UozSzbglCy-00012-00010464-00010768 i have included all the links in the description below so
+7UozSzbglCy-00013-00010768-00011384 time to see how it sounds let's go to the sound test
+7UozSzbglCy-00014-00011584-00012128 first i'm going to show the sound of this cajon with a pickup only then with the mics i use here
+7UozSzbglCy-00015-00012128-00012632 in the studio to then play it with the pickup and the mics all together the mics i'm using
+7UozSzbglCy-00016-00012632-00014184 here are the shure sm57 in the front the sure beta 52 in the back and a pair of bearings c2 overheads
+7UozSzbglCy-00017-00023336-00023984 now i'm going to improvise a bit for you to hear how it sounds
+7UozSzbglCy-00018-00033232-00033712 let's start with the natural sound of the cavern this model is the artisan sole airline
+7UozSzbglCy-00019-00033712-00034168 that is very similar to the tango line that i reviewed here in the channel and also used
+7UozSzbglCy-00020-00034168-00034640 for some tutorials it's a very sensitive instrument with controlled bass and snare
+7UozSzbglCy-00021-00034640-00035184 i think it was very clever to choose this model to add a pickup talking about the pickup
+7UozSzbglCy-00022-00035184-00035768 i like the sound of this pickup with the tone option at level 8 or not i think it gives that
+7UozSzbglCy-00023-00035768-00036528 extra bright that sounds great for the gigs after a while playing i have to say that it helps a lot
+7UozSzbglCy-00024-00036528-00037144 in gig situations i'm using only the pickup in small gigs without any mic however in concerts
+7UozSzbglCy-00025-00037144-00037712 with big stages i would suggest using a mic in the black hole to give that extra bass
+7UozSzbglCy-00026-00037712-00038064 the pickup and a mic in the back hole it's a very good combination
+7UozSzbglCy-00027-00038256-00038744 i have to say that i really like this cajon and it's been my cajon for all gigs this summer
+7UozSzbglCy-00028-00038744-00039384 the price i think is correct see all the features and the pickup system
+7UozSzbglCy-00029-00039464-00039896 and if you are interested in purchasing this model you can use all the links i've included
+7UozSzbglCy-00030-00039896-00040280 in the description below now i want to hear from you what do you think about this cajon
+7UozSzbglCy-00031-00040280-00040784 leave your comment below with all your opinions and thoughts about this model
+7UozSzbglCy-00032-00041024-00041360 and if you like this video and want to learn everything about cajon
+7UozSzbglCy-00033-00041360-00041832 i would like to invite you to visit my online cajon school at cajonmaster.com
+7UozSzbglCy-00034-00041832-00042336 there is a lot of new content that i would love to share with you so go there now and join for free
+7UozSzbglCy-00035-00042616-00043088 now i need a favor from you make sure to like this video and subscribe to the channel if you
+7UozSzbglCy-00036-00043088-00043576 didn't already and also hit the bell icon to receive notifications when i upload new videos
+7UozSzbglCy-00037-00043576-00044984 thank you so much for watching i'll see you next time with another video
+7UozSzbglCy-00038-00045352-00046544 hey right
+7VNsgnh28N4-00000-00000088-00000648 Did you know that there are close to one million people in Japan
+7VNsgnh28N4-00001-00000648-00001048 living in lockdown because of social media?
+7VNsgnh28N4-00002-00001048-00001440 Did you know that their parents have to bring them their food
+7VNsgnh28N4-00003-00001440-00001864 because they don't want to go outside?
+7VNsgnh28N4-00004-00002727-00003239 Hi everyone! I'm LTA and welcome back to another video.
+7VNsgnh28N4-00005-00003239-00003736 Today I wanted to spend some time talking about social media
+7VNsgnh28N4-00006-00003736-00004128 and how what you see on it is not reality.
+7VNsgnh28N4-00007-00004128-00004432 Please subscribe and hit the notification
+7VNsgnh28N4-00008-00004432-00005100 bell on if you enjoy these videos, but without further ado, let's get started!
+7VNsgnh28N4-00009-00005130-00005528 Tip #1: You are not your Instagram.
+7VNsgnh28N4-00010-00005528-00005976 Well what does this mean? Many people say that
+7VNsgnh28N4-00011-00005976-00006287 what they show on Instagram is what they are
+7VNsgnh28N4-00012-00006287-00006976 in real life, but I'm not so sure it is. For me, Instagram has morphed into
+7VNsgnh28N4-00013-00006976-00007631 something else entirely it has become less about who you are and more about
+7VNsgnh28N4-00014-00007631-00008256 how you want others to perceive you. By posting snapshots of our lives online
+7VNsgnh28N4-00015-00008256-00008688 we are selectively choosing moments we want to reveal to everyone
+7VNsgnh28N4-00016-00008688-00009288 else. It is unlikely that anyone would post themselves during a breakdown
+7VNsgnh28N4-00017-00009288-00009696 Tip #2: What you see in other people's accounts
+7VNsgnh28N4-00018-00009696-00010160 is not reality well at least not the whole reality.
+7VNsgnh28N4-00019-00010160-00010679 As I've said before, people normally only post the stuff they've enjoyed:
+7VNsgnh28N4-00020-00010679-00011232 a holiday or something but we don't see the other part of the story.
+7VNsgnh28N4-00021-00011232-00011592 The problem is people can feel quite depressed
+7VNsgnh28N4-00022-00011592-00011968 and think their lives are not as good as our lives.
+7VNsgnh28N4-00023-00011968-00012688 Don't get upset by this it's not reality. Tip #3: Don't be obsessed with
+7VNsgnh28N4-00024-00012688-00013223 followers and likes. Many people, including me, I got to admit,
+7VNsgnh28N4-00025-00013223-00013856 are checking it continuously it does not hurt if you don't check it in a while.
+7VNsgnh28N4-00026-00013856-00014208 I challenge you to try and go one day without
+7VNsgnh28N4-00027-00014208-00014544 checking it or if you're feeling hyped one
+7VNsgnh28N4-00028-00014544-00015208 week, I promise you you'll feel much better.
+7VNsgnh28N4-00029-00015208-00015808 So what did we learn today? Firstly, we explained how other people's accounts
+7VNsgnh28N4-00030-00015808-00016608 are not reality. Secondly, we learned to not be upset by this. And thirdly we learned that subscribers
+7VNsgnh28N4-00031-00016608-00016968 and likes are not that important
+7VNsgnh28N4-00032-00016968-00017584 Many people in Japan are living in lockdown because of social media.
+7VNsgnh28N4-00033-00017584-00017936 When you create an avatar of who you'd like to be
+7VNsgnh28N4-00034-00017936-00018551 instead of who you really are you end up hiding the reality from others
+7VNsgnh28N4-00035-00018551-00018904 wouldn't it be better to have less social media friends
+7VNsgnh28N4-00036-00018904-00019304 but a couple of friends who accept you the way you are?
+7VNsgnh28N4-00037-00019304-00019623 That's it from me today but you can come back
+7VNsgnh28N4-00038-00019623-00020781 next week for another lta video
+7VNsgnh28N4-00039-00020828-00021128 Bye!
+7Y5zR403GLU-00000-00000057-00000473 Hello everyone and welcome back to CIS 165 I'm your instructor Victor Campos
+7Y5zR403GLU-00001-00000619-00001275 So we're starting now Week 3 of our class and let's take a look at a lesson
+7Y5zR403GLU-00002-00001378-00001866 involving Chapter 2 of our book. Chapter 2 is basic JavaScript
+7Y5zR403GLU-00003-00002002-00002136 instructions
+7Y5zR403GLU-00004-00002136-00002705 So again the first few chapters are rudimentary if you've got experience in programming
+7Y5zR403GLU-00005-00002706-00003257 But they lay the foundations for important concepts later on, especially if you're new. So to set ourselves up
+7Y5zR403GLU-00006-00003295-00003926 I need a Week 3 folder on my computer, so I'll create a week three
+7Y5zR403GLU-00007-00004296-00004541 And I've got that index file that I created
+7Y5zR403GLU-00008-00004623-00004892 Last time which is a basic template file
+7Y5zR403GLU-00009-00004893-00005621 I'm going to get a copy of that into my week three, and then I'll open this project in a Visual Code
+7Y5zR403GLU-00010-00005752-00005952 So I've launched Microsoft Visual Code
+7Y5zR403GLU-00011-00005952-00006680 It still remembers my previous project, my week two project, so you'll probably have to go to file menu
+7Y5zR403GLU-00012-00006798-00006998 close folder
+7Y5zR403GLU-00013-00007218-00007661 Then open folder and open week three
+7Y5zR403GLU-00014-00008109-00008399 Week three then has our index.html file
+7Y5zR403GLU-00015-00008804-00009193 And so here I have my starting point of a template file that I created previously
+7Y5zR403GLU-00016-00009303-00009533 So what we're gonna do for this week is deal with
+7Y5zR403GLU-00017-00009639-00009839 Variables
+7Y5zR403GLU-00018-00009921-00010092 Statements
+7Y5zR403GLU-00019-00010092-00010475 Arrays and more JavaScript Objects
+7Y5zR403GLU-00020-00010575-00011266 The concept will be that we will create various arrays of data, and then display that data on screen
+7Y5zR403GLU-00021-00011328-00011522 So to set ourselves up
+7Y5zR403GLU-00022-00011522-00012244 Let's create the HTML elements that will display to the user and then we'll create
+7Y5zR403GLU-00023-00012311-00012709 JavaScript code to write content to those elements
+7Y5zR403GLU-00024-00012783-00012983 So let's see
+7Y5zR403GLU-00025-00013028-00013321 first of all our title here, we can say
+7Y5zR403GLU-00026-00013404-00013604 chapter 2
+7Y5zR403GLU-00027-00013722-00014203 H1 okay, this is going to be the most valuable
+7Y5zR403GLU-00028-00014376-00014576 Comics on eBay
+7Y5zR403GLU-00029-00014660-00015091 Now one of my hobbies as you saw from the discussions is
+7Y5zR403GLU-00030-00015201-00015476 That I like to read and collect comic books so
+7Y5zR403GLU-00031-00015638-00015979 We're going to have lots of lessons about cool stuff like that
+7Y5zR403GLU-00032-00016085-00016576 This is going to be a collection of valuable comics that we find on eBay
+7Y5zR403GLU-00033-00016644-00017008 This will be an ordered list of comics
+7Y5zR403GLU-00034-00017085-00017728 So we've got the HTML element of oh l ordered list and list item
+7Y5zR403GLU-00035-00017787-00018542 In order for us to reference this HTML element in JavaScript. We need to identify it somehow
+7Y5zR403GLU-00036-00018600-00018877 one way to do it is by adding an ID
+7Y5zR403GLU-00037-00019023-00019218 So I could say Li
+7Y5zR403GLU-00038-00019218-00019565 Comic 1 these can be named whatever we want of course
+7Y5zR403GLU-00039-00019659-00019951 But here, I'm naming this. It's a list item
+7Y5zR403GLU-00040-00020013-00020470 It's a comic. It's comic number one so I need five of these
+7Y5zR403GLU-00041-00020867-00021191 Each with the individualized number
+7Y5zR403GLU-00042-00021339-00021667 Via JavaScript we will be able to reference each of these
+7Y5zR403GLU-00043-00021672-00022441 I also then want to display a message about the comics so here. We'll create a div a plain old div
+7Y5zR403GLU-00044-00022512-00022712 It's a generic container
+7Y5zR403GLU-00045-00022743-00022943 also with an ID
+7Y5zR403GLU-00046-00023145-00023345 Div message
+7Y5zR403GLU-00047-00023394-00023620 So I like to put this is personal
+7Y5zR403GLU-00048-00023620-00023926 But I like to prefix these IDs these identifiers
+7Y5zR403GLU-00049-00023970-00024686 with what kind of element it is and then the specifically named element these can be named anything we want I
+7Y5zR403GLU-00050-00024708-00025126 Often see these as ID equals msg for message
+7Y5zR403GLU-00051-00025188-00025601 Or ID equals output whatever you want, whatever makes a sense
+7Y5zR403GLU-00052-00025658-00026164 so jumping now down to the JavaScript think about it in these terms the
+7Y5zR403GLU-00053-00026204-00026779 Code in the JavaScript block needs to reach out to effect the code in the HTML
+7Y5zR403GLU-00054-00026832-00027580 Block in the body block whatever exists inside of script doesn't exactly know what's happening inside of the HTML block
+7Y5zR403GLU-00055-00027641-00028000 So we need to create JavaScript objects that represent
+7Y5zR403GLU-00056-00028086-00028286 HTML nodes
+7Y5zR403GLU-00057-00028287-00028747 We need to create basically JavaScript variables that reference
+7Y5zR403GLU-00058-00028827-00029027 HTML tags
+7Y5zR403GLU-00059-00029058-00029527 So inside of my JavaScript block I'll start off with var to create a variable
+7Y5zR403GLU-00060-00029633-00029833 L li
+7Y5zR403GLU-00061-00029913-00030577 comic 1 equals so element list item comic 1
+7Y5zR403GLU-00062-00030722-00031324 This is going to be like a shorthand for the HTML code up on line 12
+7Y5zR403GLU-00063-00031557-00032104 Document dot get element by ID open close parenthesis
+7Y5zR403GLU-00064-00032208-00032624 Notice the spelling. This is a very common mistake for many JavaScript beginners
+7Y5zR403GLU-00065-00032676-00032781 get
+7Y5zR403GLU-00066-00032781-00033457 Element by ID lower case G capital e capital B capital. I but not a capital D
+7Y5zR403GLU-00067-00033537-00034214 Oftentimes beginners write capital I capital d which is wrong. It must be capital. I lowercase D
+7Y5zR403GLU-00068-00034269-00034879 So you might be able to understand what's about to happen here in the document object, which is the main viewport
+7Y5zR403GLU-00069-00034934-00035677 Basically, let's get an element by its ID this is the method do something
+7Y5zR403GLU-00070-00035694-00035877 upon this object
+7Y5zR403GLU-00071-00035877-00036091 Let's get an element by its ID
+7Y5zR403GLU-00072-00036162-00036362 so in the parenthesis in quotes
+7Y5zR403GLU-00073-00036399-00036599 The ID is li
+7Y5zR403GLU-00074-00036621-00036821 comic 1
+7Y5zR403GLU-00075-00036852-00037187 So this code here on the right side of the equals is saying
+7Y5zR403GLU-00076-00037187-00037789 Let's get an element by its ID and let's reference it shorthand as a l li
+7Y5zR403GLU-00077-00037847-00038134 kamek one element list item comic 1
+7Y5zR403GLU-00078-00038196-00038422 And I want to do the same thing for the other ones
+7Y5zR403GLU-00079-00038556-00038935 So instead of ending this with a semicolon which would be end of statement
+7Y5zR403GLU-00080-00038949-00039275 I'm going to put a comma and i'm going to continue my statement
+7Y5zR403GLU-00081-00039275-00039826 it's quite another variable l list item comic 2 is equal to
+7Y5zR403GLU-00082-00039912-00040103 document
+7Y5zR403GLU-00083-00040103-00040822 Dot get element by ID parentheses quote list item comic two
+7Y5zR403GLU-00084-00040986-00041570 And I need to do the exact same thing three more times comma so i'll just copy this
+7Y5zR403GLU-00085-00041703-00042211 Paste it paste. It paste it and all I need to change is well now
+7Y5zR403GLU-00086-00042212-00042926 I'm dealing with ell list item element list item comic three, and I'm getting li comic three
+7Y5zR403GLU-00087-00042996-00043726 comma don't forget these commas at the end of these lines because all of these commas mean we are creating a variable and
+7Y5zR403GLU-00088-00043758-00044012 Another one and another one and another one
+7Y5zR403GLU-00089-00044139-00044785 So the next one is list item for ell list item for ell list item five
+7Y5zR403GLU-00090-00044976-00045320 List item five and here we do need the semicolon
+7Y5zR403GLU-00091-00045365-00045868 The semicolon ends this statement that we create that we started right here var
+7Y5zR403GLU-00092-00045894-00046654 Let's create a variable an object and we created one comma we created another one comma and another comma and another
+7Y5zR403GLU-00093-00046680-00047099 Don't forget that comma and then we end the statement
+7Y5zR403GLU-00094-00047211-00047330 semicolon
+7Y5zR403GLU-00095-00047330-00047446 enter
+7Y5zR403GLU-00096-00047446-00047718 Create another variable this time. We'll call it
+7Y5zR403GLU-00097-00047797-00047997 L div
+7Y5zR403GLU-00098-00048037-00048172 message
+7Y5zR403GLU-00099-00048172-00048729 This will be a reference to document dot get element by ID
+7Y5zR403GLU-00100-00048806-00049000 quotes
+7Y5zR403GLU-00101-00049000-00049200 div message
+7Y5zR403GLU-00102-00049412-00049896 Spelling matters, so this is ROM its div Capitol
+7Y5zR403GLU-00103-00049993-00050111 message
+7Y5zR403GLU-00104-00050111-00050311 That's what I have up above
+7Y5zR403GLU-00105-00050384-00050685 semicolon now I could have created my
+7Y5zR403GLU-00106-00050762-00051526 LD message as part of my first variable declarations over here, that would have been just fine. I would have just needed a comma and
+7Y5zR403GLU-00107-00051616-00051816 continue delta-v message
+7Y5zR403GLU-00108-00051904-00052201 Perfectly fine I wanted to separate them conceptually
+7Y5zR403GLU-00109-00052258-00052461 Visually these are all my variables
+7Y5zR403GLU-00110-00052475-00053190 These are all my objects that represent these list items, and then this is my object that represents this div
+7Y5zR403GLU-00111-00053332-00053507 perfectly fine
+7Y5zR403GLU-00112-00053507-00053666 next
+7Y5zR403GLU-00113-00053666-00054021 Another variable declaration we will call this
+7Y5zR403GLU-00114-00054125-00054325 comic name
+7Y5zR403GLU-00115-00054389-00054664 Equal to this time square brackets
+7Y5zR403GLU-00116-00054719-00055248 you should always read the book before watching these videos for this to fully make sense and
+7Y5zR403GLU-00117-00055267-00055992 The book tells us that the square brackets is the syntax for writing an array and an array is a collection
+7Y5zR403GLU-00118-00056024-00056224 of variables
+7Y5zR403GLU-00119-00056254-00057051 Of objects L. Div message is referencing only one object div message
+7Y5zR403GLU-00120-00057220-00057407 This
+7Y5zR403GLU-00121-00057407-00057933 Variable will reference several several sub variables so to speak
+7Y5zR403GLU-00122-00058088-00058288 Sub objects
+7Y5zR403GLU-00123-00058298-00058866 Is going to be a collection of a few comic books so let's say here in quotes
+7Y5zR403GLU-00124-00058951-00059151 amazing spider-man number
+7Y5zR403GLU-00125-00059372-00059572 300
+7Y5zR403GLU-00126-00059591-00060079 This is in quotes because it's a string the book tells us we have string datatypes
+7Y5zR403GLU-00127-00060154-00060626 numeric data types at cetera so the type of data that I'm storing here is a
+7Y5zR403GLU-00128-00060669-00060938 string and we saw this on the previous lesson -
+7Y5zR403GLU-00129-00061047-00061316 Let me mention another one comma quotes
+7Y5zR403GLU-00130-00061629-00061829 Spawn number 1
+7Y5zR403GLU-00131-00061926-00062680 So I've got two comic book titles two names of comics saved in my variable comic named
+7Y5zR403GLU-00132-00062850-00063470 Tama I then also want to create an array comic price
+7Y5zR403GLU-00133-00063675-00064382 Square brackets as well so the first comic is amazing spider-man and let's say that one costs
+7Y5zR403GLU-00134-00064644-00064836 $100
+7Y5zR403GLU-00135-00064836-00065434 I'm not putting the dollar symbol. I'm not using quotes. This is a numeric data type
+7Y5zR403GLU-00136-00065511-00066139 It deals with a number the comic name deals with a string and the comic price deals with a number
+7Y5zR403GLU-00137-00066210-00066629 Spawn number 1. Let's say $25, so I'm just kind of making up these prices
+7Y5zR403GLU-00138-00066714-00067280 comma another the variable comic price total I
+7Y5zR403GLU-00139-00067383-00067808 Want to add up the prices of both of these comics
+7Y5zR403GLU-00140-00068076-00068276 So comic price
+7Y5zR403GLU-00141-00068310-00068454 brackets 0
+7Y5zR403GLU-00142-00068454-00068556 I'm
+7Y5zR403GLU-00143-00068556-00069067 Saying the zeroeth object in the comic price
+7Y5zR403GLU-00144-00069132-00069294 variable
+7Y5zR403GLU-00145-00069294-00069745 in most computer programming languages we start counting from 0 so 0
+7Y5zR403GLU-00146-00069822-00070022 position is
+7Y5zR403GLU-00147-00070050-00070250 101 position is
+7Y5zR403GLU-00148-00070305-00070519 25 if we had a third price
+7Y5zR403GLU-00149-00070521-00071188 It would be position - so I'm saying let's get comic price 0 with position
+7Y5zR403GLU-00150-00071280-00071563 Which is 100 and let's add?
+7Y5zR403GLU-00151-00071697-00071897 comic price
+7Y5zR403GLU-00152-00072105-00072397 Position 1 which is the second value?
+7Y5zR403GLU-00153-00072462-00072803 Let's add the 2 and the statement semicolon
+7Y5zR403GLU-00154-00072855-00073159 Let's add whatever the value is of position 1
+7Y5zR403GLU-00155-00073200-00073854 Plus the position 0 and store that in the variable cam it price total Norse
+7Y5zR403GLU-00156-00073898-00074533 No square brackets because I'm not dealing with an array. I'm dealing with a more plain variable a more plain object
+7Y5zR403GLU-00157-00074600-00074910 Comic name is a more complex object because it has two
+7Y5zR403GLU-00158-00074984-00075334 Sort of properties, but not really properties two
+7Y5zR403GLU-00159-00075503-00075659 Values
+7Y5zR403GLU-00160-00075659-00076197 Spider-man 300 spawn number one comic price is an array it has two values
+7Y5zR403GLU-00161-00076319-00076496 $100 and
+7Y5zR403GLU-00162-00076496-00076947 $25 and then comic price total is the total price?
+7Y5zR403GLU-00163-00077003-00077730 Before we display any of this on screen. I'm going to display it in the console just to see if I'm on the right track
+7Y5zR403GLU-00164-00077791-00078370 And I highly recommend especially for beginners to really rely on console dot log a lot
+7Y5zR403GLU-00165-00078416-00078634 to output messages to yourself as
+7Y5zR403GLU-00166-00078695-00079033 The designer as the programmer so for example
+7Y5zR403GLU-00167-00079166-00079387 if I output comic name
+7Y5zR403GLU-00168-00079610-00079906 I'm gonna save it and then I'm gonna go to my
+7Y5zR403GLU-00169-00080159-00080359 Folder to run the code
+7Y5zR403GLU-00170-00080633-00080833 Nothing happens on screen yet
+7Y5zR403GLU-00171-00080882-00081435 That's why we need to open up the developers console which is f12 on the keyboard or you can right click
+7Y5zR403GLU-00172-00081572-00081772 inspect
+7Y5zR403GLU-00173-00081821-00082021 Console
+7Y5zR403GLU-00174-00082082-00082282 My log output line
+7Y5zR403GLU-00175-00082331-00082783 34 tells me I've got an array with two items
+7Y5zR403GLU-00176-00082907-00083107 Amazing Spider Man and spawn
+7Y5zR403GLU-00177-00083195-00083428 zero with position first position
+7Y5zR403GLU-00178-00083588-00084159 That's exactly what I have here zero with position first position let's say I add another one
+7Y5zR403GLU-00179-00084251-00084717 Comma quotes, let's add our cheese
+7Y5zR403GLU-00180-00084869-00085069 Madhouse
+7Y5zR403GLU-00181-00085196-00085482 Number 22 save that
+7Y5zR403GLU-00182-00085649-00085835 Refresh
+7Y5zR403GLU-00183-00085835-00086260 Again the quirk of Chrome is that apparently when you refresh your output looks a little bit different
+7Y5zR403GLU-00184-00086330-00086851 Compared to when you close it and run it again, but again. I've got an array of three and now shows it here
+7Y5zR403GLU-00185-00086898-00087098 here's the three items 0 1 & 2
+7Y5zR403GLU-00186-00087180-00087512 Just again to show you if I ran this completely from the beginning
+7Y5zR403GLU-00187-00087699-00087837 F12
+7Y5zR403GLU-00188-00087837-00088133 The result looks a little like that an array of three objects
+7Y5zR403GLU-00189-00088236-00088401 0 1 & 2
+7Y5zR403GLU-00190-00088401-00088612 Alright, no errors. That's what I expect
+7Y5zR403GLU-00191-00088728-00088928 Let's say
+7Y5zR403GLU-00192-00088992-00089192 Console.log
+7Y5zR403GLU-00193-00089259-00089482 This time comic price I
+7Y5zR403GLU-00194-00089718-00090446 Want the first price so this time this is when I specify brackets 0 not 1
+7Y5zR403GLU-00195-00090585-00091343 Because we're starting to count from 0 give me the comic price of the 0 with position run this again
+7Y5zR403GLU-00196-00091488-00092080 My first output line 34 shows the three comics line 35 then says 100
+7Y5zR403GLU-00197-00092196-00092465 Because it got the value of the zeroeth
+7Y5zR403GLU-00198-00092538-00092870 Position which is 100 if I had a third?
+7Y5zR403GLU-00199-00093093-00093222 Price
+7Y5zR403GLU-00200-00093222-00093363 say
+7Y5zR403GLU-00201-00093363-00093566 623 dollars and 25 cents
+7Y5zR403GLU-00202-00093642-00093816 That results now
+7Y5zR403GLU-00203-00093816-00094501 if I say give me the third price we can't start counting from 0 so 0
+7Y5zR403GLU-00204-00094704-00095309 1 2 refreshing that gives me the third value
+7Y5zR403GLU-00205-00095514-00095714 Lastly
+7Y5zR403GLU-00206-00096294-00096494 Console.log
+7Y5zR403GLU-00207-00096678-00097024 Comic price total refreshing
+7Y5zR403GLU-00208-00097161-00097478 125 well I expected that to be higher didn't you?
+7Y5zR403GLU-00209-00097542-00098150 100 plus 25 plus 6 23 is much more than simply 125 well, that's because my
+7Y5zR403GLU-00210-00098238-00098864 Algorithm my calculation for comic price total only added up the zeroeth and the first
+7Y5zR403GLU-00211-00098922-00099176 Value not the new third one
+7Y5zR403GLU-00212-00099360-00099776 Ok well let's add then the third
+7Y5zR403GLU-00213-00100048-00100248 Value0
+7Y5zR403GLU-00214-00100327-00100495 Number 2
+7Y5zR403GLU-00215-00100495-00100929 position 2 now when I save that and run it
+7Y5zR403GLU-00216-00101002-00101202 We get the full value
+7Y5zR403GLU-00217-00101215-00101308 so this
+7Y5zR403GLU-00218-00101308-00101768 console.log output is invaluable for the programmer because it helps you figure out if
+7Y5zR403GLU-00219-00101776-00102108 Your code is on the right track if it makes sense if there's errors and such
+7Y5zR403GLU-00220-00102256-00102627 so here I've shown that I can list all the comics a
+7Y5zR403GLU-00221-00102703-00103196 Specific price and the price of everything I want to start displaying some of this on screen now
+7Y5zR403GLU-00222-00103288-00103755 So we can use the shorthand L. List item comic 1
+7Y5zR403GLU-00223-00103819-00104019 That's the object
+7Y5zR403GLU-00224-00104107-00104327 We can then say dot text
+7Y5zR403GLU-00225-00104398-00104598 Content capital C
+7Y5zR403GLU-00226-00104632-00105212 the property text content of the object L list item comic 1
+7Y5zR403GLU-00227-00105292-00105717 We're going to set the property of this object. It's gonna be equal to
+7Y5zR403GLU-00228-00105973-00106271 Comic name 0
+7Y5zR403GLU-00229-00106606-00106871 Running this remember to save then run
+7Y5zR403GLU-00230-00107230-00107966 On screen displays amazing spider-man number 300 in the first list item
+7Y5zR403GLU-00231-00108193-00108683 So we have the HTML object its property
+7Y5zR403GLU-00232-00108946-00109290 Set - so the equal is basically set to
+7Y5zR403GLU-00233-00109378-00109607 whatever's in the array position 0
+7Y5zR403GLU-00234-00109714-00109914 Should be obvious then L
+7Y5zR403GLU-00235-00109978-00110152 list item
+7Y5zR403GLU-00236-00110152-00110454 comic - dot text
+7Y5zR403GLU-00237-00110524-00110799 Content equal to comic name
+7Y5zR403GLU-00238-00110875-00111075 position 1 semicolon
+7Y5zR403GLU-00239-00111181-00111707 Set the second list item to the second item in the array
+7Y5zR403GLU-00240-00112093-00112415 Well I also want to display the price of each of these
+7Y5zR403GLU-00241-00112725-00113225 So I've displayed the name of the comic I also want to display the price
+7Y5zR403GLU-00242-00113364-00114070 So we're gonna add to the text content with a plus symbol. This plus symbol is different than the one on line 32
+7Y5zR403GLU-00243-00114278-00114721 On line 32 I'm adding numbers
+7Y5zR403GLU-00244-00115002-00115387 This is a number because that's what the array is full of numbers
+7Y5zR403GLU-00245-00115413-00116114 No quotes this plus symbol is going to add strings this the fancy term is concatenation
+7Y5zR403GLU-00246-00116133-00116419 We are going to build a sentence
+7Y5zR403GLU-00247-00116583-00116783 So we're going to say then
+7Y5zR403GLU-00248-00116966-00117754 Display the comic name plus the comic price of the zeroeth comic
+7Y5zR403GLU-00249-00117948-00118289 So that will display the name and the price that'll be great, right
+7Y5zR403GLU-00250-00118439-00118852 Yes, and no, it's going to literally write. What was in the
+7Y5zR403GLU-00251-00118914-00119264 Array of strings plus. What was in the array of?
+7Y5zR403GLU-00252-00119384-00119659 numbers without any nice-looking
+7Y5zR403GLU-00253-00119810-00120136 Results so we have to be more specific
+7Y5zR403GLU-00254-00120213-00120502 Let's say let me take it back just to
+7Y5zR403GLU-00255-00120558-00121064 Let me undo that just to show you what we're gonna do here. Let's add
+7Y5zR403GLU-00256-00121158-00121358 in quotes
+7Y5zR403GLU-00257-00121413-00121613 Space - space
+7Y5zR403GLU-00258-00121794-00122363 Plus they should be very reminiscent from the first homework
+7Y5zR403GLU-00259-00122429-00122668 We're gonna build a string
+7Y5zR403GLU-00260-00122895-00123127 Art of dynamic elements and static elements
+7Y5zR403GLU-00261-00123434-00124129 Now that result looks like that the name of the comic the price of the comic usually a comic has the dollar symbol and such
+7Y5zR403GLU-00262-00124344-00124748 Alright, so here's a trick inside of the string we will add that
+7Y5zR403GLU-00263-00124814-00125194 Dollar symbol because it's going to display a space
+7Y5zR403GLU-00264-00125258-00125972 Between the name of the comic then a dash then a space then a dollar symbol, then the comic price
+7Y5zR403GLU-00265-00126478-00126828 Looks good, I need the same thing for
+7Y5zR403GLU-00266-00127039-00127508 Comic - and comic three copying and pasting is invaluable
+7Y5zR403GLU-00267-00127651-00127851 Try to do it as much as possible
+7Y5zR403GLU-00268-00127855-00128570 But be careful you want to copy and paste something that works and most likely you're gonna need to change it a little bit
+7Y5zR403GLU-00269-00128586-00129080 so obviously here has to say comic price and what I mean that it works is you've
+7Y5zR403GLU-00270-00129091-00129335 Tested that the code works before copying and pasting
+7Y5zR403GLU-00271-00129391-00129843 Because you can copy code that doesn't work, and it will not work several times
+7Y5zR403GLU-00272-00130108-00130308 So checking that result
+7Y5zR403GLU-00273-00130584-00130784 Spawn number 125 dollars
+7Y5zR403GLU-00274-00130852-00131207 So now I can save myself some effort by copying that whole line
+7Y5zR403GLU-00275-00131311-00131661 pasting it, and I need to change comic price to
+7Y5zR403GLU-00276-00131749-00132075 Comic name too, and I'll comic
+7Y5zR403GLU-00277-00132190-00132591 Three now and all of these pop-ups that you get from visual code could be very useful
+7Y5zR403GLU-00278-00132658-00133308 You can click the info item to read more you can click on these hints to give you even more
+7Y5zR403GLU-00279-00133324-00133674 Information they can be really helpful this result shows
+7Y5zR403GLU-00280-00133993-00134210 The third comic displayed on screen
+7Y5zR403GLU-00281-00134269-00134970 Now we've also got the comic total price, and we've also got a div to display a message in that Dave
+7Y5zR403GLU-00282-00134970-00135303 I want to display these comics together are worth X dollars
+7Y5zR403GLU-00283-00135391-00135591 next line
+7Y5zR403GLU-00284-00135628-00136085 L div message dot text content
+7Y5zR403GLU-00285-00136234-00136580 equal to quotes and the statement
+7Y5zR403GLU-00286-00136753-00137123 The total value of these comics is
+7Y5zR403GLU-00287-00137362-00137497 Dollar
+7Y5zR403GLU-00288-00137497-00137686 space plus
+7Y5zR403GLU-00289-00137686-00137842 comic
+7Y5zR403GLU-00290-00137842-00137986 price
+7Y5zR403GLU-00291-00137986-00138109 total
+7Y5zR403GLU-00292-00138109-00138283 save that
+7Y5zR403GLU-00293-00138283-00138483 refresh it and
+7Y5zR403GLU-00294-00138493-00139100 Now that div which is which was there all along in the viewport and that has actual content
+7Y5zR403GLU-00295-00139101-00139475 So there's something to look at and this is the total value of these con 7:48
+7Y5zR403GLU-00296-00139498-00139778 Which is exactly what's adding up here on the console
+7Y5zR403GLU-00297-00139879-00140540 So the console again is very useful to understand what you're trying to do because then you see what has happened
+7Y5zR403GLU-00298-00140647-00140800 on-screen in the viewport
+7Y5zR403GLU-00299-00140800-00141567 So let's say I wanted to display the the three most valuable comics or the five most valuable or the fifty most valuable
+7Y5zR403GLU-00300-00141649-00142233 so if I want that to be displayed up on top here you might think well I'll go back and write the
+7Y5zR403GLU-00301-00142384-00142635 Five most valuable comics on eBay
+7Y5zR403GLU-00302-00142708-00143147 But I need to go back every single time and change that value if I have more
+7Y5zR403GLU-00303-00143194-00143573 Comics stored in the array and right now. I've only got three
+7Y5zR403GLU-00304-00143668-00143978 So putting the five most valuable doesn't make sense
+7Y5zR403GLU-00305-00144046-00144246 We can use
+7Y5zR403GLU-00306-00144247-00144911 JavaScript to dynamically change that value based on the number of comics in the array so
+7Y5zR403GLU-00307-00145039-00145661 We saw that we can dynamically change the value of what's inside of this div and what's inside of this list
+7Y5zR403GLU-00308-00145662-00146367 Item we can do that also with that number, so let's say we'll go back to the code the HTML block line 9
+7Y5zR403GLU-00309-00146407-00146590 Let's say the X
+7Y5zR403GLU-00310-00146590-00146790 most valuable comics
+7Y5zR403GLU-00311-00146842-00147042 so I want to wrap a
+7Y5zR403GLU-00312-00147109-00147309 span tag
+7Y5zR403GLU-00313-00147376-00147909 Around X. This is an HTML tag it's like a generic
+7Y5zR403GLU-00314-00147991-00148156 placeholder
+7Y5zR403GLU-00315-00148156-00148451 We can target what's inside of this
+7Y5zR403GLU-00316-00148513-00148642 markup in
+7Y5zR403GLU-00317-00148642-00149240 JavaScript, just like we targeted. What's inside of list item and what's inside of div with an ID?
+7Y5zR403GLU-00318-00149413-00149802 So span ID equals quotes
+7Y5zR403GLU-00319-00149869-00150037 span
+7Y5zR403GLU-00320-00150037-00150202 total comics
+7Y5zR403GLU-00321-00150202-00150609 This is a span that is going to display the total number of comics
+7Y5zR403GLU-00322-00150796-00151538 Just like before we needed to create variables to represent those elements, I've got variables for
+7Y5zR403GLU-00323-00151735-00152507 The list items a variable for the message a variable for the actual data, I'm going to add another there
+7Y5zR403GLU-00324-00152705-00153298 To the variable definition I have on line 28, which is the elta VESA j-- now be careful here
+7Y5zR403GLU-00325-00153298-00153777 I'm going to remove the semicolon and add a comma because I'm continuing the variable
+7Y5zR403GLU-00326-00153848-00154048 declaration l
+7Y5zR403GLU-00327-00154112-00154581 Span total comics and notice the changing of the spelling
+7Y5zR403GLU-00328-00154715-00154915 You can keep it all lowercase
+7Y5zR403GLU-00329-00154943-00155727 You can mix your capitals and such this is a common way to do it the first word is lowercase and then subsequent words are
+7Y5zR403GLU-00330-00155762-00155962 with capitals
+7Y5zR403GLU-00331-00156059-00156390 Element span total comics is equal to document
+7Y5zR403GLU-00332-00156470-00156702 dot get element by ID
+7Y5zR403GLU-00333-00156779-00156959 which ID
+7Y5zR403GLU-00334-00156959-00157302 Span total comics and then end of statement
+7Y5zR403GLU-00335-00157406-00157639 semicolon then I have a way to reference
+7Y5zR403GLU-00336-00157721-00157921 this HTML node
+7Y5zR403GLU-00337-00158036-00158236 this HTML code
+7Y5zR403GLU-00338-00158372-00158572 Because I've created a JavaScript object
+7Y5zR403GLU-00339-00158690-00159193 So I wrote data text content into three of those bullet points
+7Y5zR403GLU-00340-00159199-00159630 I wrote text content into the actual message area
+7Y5zR403GLU-00341-00159785-00160126 Next I'll write text content into L
+7Y5zR403GLU-00342-00160175-00160590 Span total comics dot text content property
+7Y5zR403GLU-00343-00160646-00160846 equal to
+7Y5zR403GLU-00344-00160874-00161631 What will this be equal to I want this to be equal to the number of comics stored in comic name
+7Y5zR403GLU-00345-00161783-00162097 So comic name dot length
+7Y5zR403GLU-00346-00162404-00162604 The length property
+7Y5zR403GLU-00347-00162698-00163290 Comic name is an object a JavaScript object, and it has a variety of properties
+7Y5zR403GLU-00348-00163361-00163767 Such as the data inside of it and one of the properties is length
+7Y5zR403GLU-00349-00163937-00164217 The number of items in that array
+7Y5zR403GLU-00350-00164399-00164599 Now when I run this
+7Y5zR403GLU-00351-00164935-00165170 The three most valuable
+7Y5zR403GLU-00352-00165196-00165830 Comics on eBay because I've got three items in my array never mind that I've got five
+7Y5zR403GLU-00353-00165919-00166200 Bullet points I've only got three items in the array
+7Y5zR403GLU-00354-00166341-00166817 But what's great about this is as I change that array that number will also change
+7Y5zR403GLU-00355-00166885-00167439 I'll add another comic here. Let's say spider-man spawn, Archie
+7Y5zR403GLU-00356-00167512-00167638 comma
+7Y5zR403GLU-00357-00167638-00167794 It's do
+7Y5zR403GLU-00358-00167794-00167994 Batman number
+7Y5zR403GLU-00359-00168175-00168375 635
+7Y5zR403GLU-00360-00168376-00168576 We'll give it its price as well
+7Y5zR403GLU-00361-00168666-00169025 Let's say a hundred and twenty five ninety eight
+7Y5zR403GLU-00362-00169111-00169640 We have to then update here comic price total we need to add then the fourth
+7Y5zR403GLU-00363-00169692-00169892 comic so comic
+7Y5zR403GLU-00364-00169933-00170133 price
+7Y5zR403GLU-00365-00170149-00170349 Three
+7Y5zR403GLU-00366-00170425-00170625 So all four comic
+7Y5zR403GLU-00367-00170644-00171423 Values are being added up and stored in the total. I've got a fourth comic price, and I've got a fourth comic book
+7Y5zR403GLU-00368-00171589-00171789 Saving all of that
+7Y5zR403GLU-00369-00171838-00171954 refreshing
+7Y5zR403GLU-00370-00171954-00172193 We've got four comics
+7Y5zR403GLU-00371-00172317-00172739 They've been added up to eight hundred and seventy four it didn't display on screen
+7Y5zR403GLU-00372-00172739-00173405 And I I think you understand why not which I'll fix in a moment, but you see this data changed dynamically on screen
+7Y5zR403GLU-00373-00173505-00173783 it didn't automatically write the fourth one in the
+7Y5zR403GLU-00374-00173848-00174296 Bullet points because this is an example again of why computers are dumb
+7Y5zR403GLU-00375-00174297-00174972 They don't know what I want in my mind. I had the perfect idea of what I wanted, but on screen what happened
+7Y5zR403GLU-00376-00175041-00175201 nothing
+7Y5zR403GLU-00377-00175201-00175399 Until I program it
+7Y5zR403GLU-00378-00175399-00175887 So I need to add a reference to the El comic for
+7Y5zR403GLU-00379-00175996-00176732 Text content comic three fourth item third position and comic price
+7Y5zR403GLU-00380-00176821-00177084 third position fourth value
+7Y5zR403GLU-00381-00177385-00177680 The result is then the fourth comic is displayed
+7Y5zR403GLU-00382-00177784-00178007 I'll wrap up with the fifth comic
+7Y5zR403GLU-00383-00178113-00178290 something recent
+7Y5zR403GLU-00384-00178290-00178490 You can do saga
+7Y5zR403GLU-00385-00178494-00178653 number one
+7Y5zR403GLU-00386-00178653-00178829 That one's getting up in value
+7Y5zR403GLU-00387-00178829-00179429 I think I saw it's getting at like a hundred and fifty dollars one hundred and fifty two fifty two
+7Y5zR403GLU-00388-00179429-00180104 Let's say so we need to add that fourth one and yes, there is an easier way to add up all of these prices
+7Y5zR403GLU-00389-00180105-00180376 But at the level of knowledge we have so far
+7Y5zR403GLU-00390-00180456-00180782 We're not quite there. Yet. There is gonna be a way to iterate
+7Y5zR403GLU-00391-00180837-00181097 line 33 to automate line 33
+7Y5zR403GLU-00392-00181097-00181166 We're not quite
+7Y5zR403GLU-00393-00181166-00181196 There yet
+7Y5zR403GLU-00394-00181196-00181552 So we have to do it manually and same thing here
+7Y5zR403GLU-00395-00181596-00182171 These will be done manually there's always going to be a way to do this more automated, but it requires more knowledge
+7Y5zR403GLU-00396-00182373-00182579 It should be pretty quick to do at this point
+7Y5zR403GLU-00397-00182706-00183064 refresh the five most valuable comics
+7Y5zR403GLU-00398-00183156-00183371 One through five I'll display on screen
+7Y5zR403GLU-00399-00183468-00183668 Total value is there?
+7Y5zR403GLU-00400-00183939-00184186 Now you may think well what about commas
+7Y5zR403GLU-00401-00184374-00184613 Some of you will get a weird result in the sense
+7Y5zR403GLU-00402-00184719-00185263 We're not quite. There yet, so don't worry too much about it. Let's see if I can force what I'm trying to do
+7Y5zR403GLU-00403-00185264-00185705 Let's say a hundred and one one hundred dollars and one cent
+7Y5zR403GLU-00404-00185853-00186053 twenty-five dollars and twenty-five cents
+7Y5zR403GLU-00405-00186159-00186817 For some people I've seen that the the cents add up into like hundredths of a cent
+7Y5zR403GLU-00406-00186879-00187049 It's not doing it for me
+7Y5zR403GLU-00407-00187049-00187697 But if you see that happening one way to fix it is we're saying down here
+7Y5zR403GLU-00408-00187773-00188315 9:45 let's display the comic price total and sometimes there's a quirk when we add up numbers
+7Y5zR403GLU-00409-00188460-00189208 So if you're getting weird results in your in your cents we can do comic price total dot
+7Y5zR403GLU-00410-00189246-00189446 - fixed
+7Y5zR403GLU-00411-00189555-00190024 Parenthesis, this is the method - fixed we're going to
+7Y5zR403GLU-00412-00190098-00190427 fix the cents to two
+7Y5zR403GLU-00413-00190506-00190623 positions
+7Y5zR403GLU-00414-00190623-00191339 so if you get some weird results in your cents try adding two fixed and all that will happen is that your
+7Y5zR403GLU-00415-00191403-00191888 multiple repeating sense should become only two digits for
+7Y5zR403GLU-00416-00192204-00192518 The moment don't worry that there's no comma right there
+7Y5zR403GLU-00417-00192523-00192806 That's actually takes a little bit more effort than we want to do at the moment
+7Y5zR403GLU-00418-00192903-00193103 But here's our result
+7Y5zR403GLU-00419-00193155-00193355 based on chapter two
+7Y5zR403GLU-00420-00193365-00193997 We've looked at more basic JavaScript instructions creating variables again, but this time creating
+7Y5zR403GLU-00421-00194064-00194663 Arrays, which are more complex types of variables they hold more data. We then created something pretty cool
+7Y5zR403GLU-00422-00194749-00195233 Javascript objects of HTML nodes is a very common thing to do
+7Y5zR403GLU-00423-00195303-00195569 creating nicknames for HTML
+7Y5zR403GLU-00424-00195625-00196202 elements and then changing the properties of those HTML elements
+7Y5zR403GLU-00425-00196261-00196461 to write something new a
+7Y5zR403GLU-00426-00196660-00196860 Little bit of simple math
+7Y5zR403GLU-00427-00197062-00197639 Checking the length of arrays and these basic concepts will help us in
+7Y5zR403GLU-00428-00197703-00197903 many future activities
+7Y5zR403GLU-00429-00197932-00198189 So there's been Victor Campos. See you next time
+7ZsJNMkKJTu-00000-00000070-00000150 ... and so...
+7ZsJNMkKJTu-00001-00000150-00000270 ... Derpy found herself stuck...
+7ZsJNMkKJTu-00002-00000270-00000470 ... in Golden Harvest's front door...
+7ZsJNMkKJTu-00003-00000470-00000660 ... for no apparent reason whatsoever.
+7ZsJNMkKJTu-00004-00000660-00000880 She ate all of my muffins...
+7ZsJNMkKJTu-00005-00000919-00001120 ... because I couldn't find a Muffin Tree!
+7ZsJNMkKJTu-00006-00001120-00001360 We came to cheer you up with some blueberr-...
+7ZsJNMkKJTu-00007-00001360-00001450 ... muffins?
+7ZsJNMkKJTu-00008-00001450-00001560 Nope, just blueberries.
+7ZsJNMkKJTu-00009-00001630-00001730 Ms. Cherilee...
+7ZsJNMkKJTu-00010-00001730-00001900 ... is Derpy going to be stuck in there forever?
+7ZsJNMkKJTu-00011-00001900-00002000 Hmmmmmmm...
+7ZsJNMkKJTu-00012-00002000-00002030 ... yup!
+7ZsJNMkKJTu-00013-00002030-00002090 Gasp!
+7ZsJNMkKJTu-00014-00002090-00002160 Really!?
+7ZsJNMkKJTu-00015-00002160-00002240 Just kidding!
+7ZsJNMkKJTu-00016-00002240-00002320 Whew!
+7ZsJNMkKJTu-00017-00002320-00002430 Don't mess with me, woman!
+7ZsJNMkKJTu-00018-00002740-00002970 She still seems to be stuck in that hole...
+7ZsJNMkKJTu-00019-00002970-00003150 ... what's your suggestion, Maud?
+7ZsJNMkKJTu-00020-00003150-00003329 Explosives.
+7ZsJNMkKJTu-00021-00003329-00003510 High explosives.
+7ZsJNMkKJTu-00022-00003510-00003690 Oh, that's your solution to everything!
+7ZsJNMkKJTu-00023-00003850-00003960 I've lost just enough...
+7ZsJNMkKJTu-00024-00003960-00004079 ... weight to free myself...
+7ZsJNMkKJTu-00025-00004079-00004210 ... and I'm the one who...
+7ZsJNMkKJTu-00026-00004260-00004390 ... had to clean it up.
+7ZsJNMkKJTu-00027-00004440-00004630 It's getting kind of blustery.
+7ZsJNMkKJTu-00028-00004630-00004890 I think I'll visit my "Thinking Stump" today.
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00000-00000056-00000400 so i would like to use this opportunity to continue
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00001-00000400-00000856 uh introduce introducing uh how do we understand buddhism
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00002-00001520-00001752 to its buddhism we must have the right understanding
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00003-00001864-00002440 only then our lessons our trip in this journey will not be wrong
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00004-00002952-00003120 and we will not think wrongly
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00005-00003736-00004384 and uh everything we do will not be uh diverted to the wrong directions
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00006-00004688-00004880 in this place i would like to remind everyone
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00007-00005240-00006272 today we can understand buddhism i'm able to listen to buddha's dharma that means our
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00008-00006544-00007504 merits our roots to accept the dharma is very deep when the condition
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00009-00007559-00008584 for a buddha to appear in this world is not out of accident it's not accidental it's um
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00010-00008888-00009584 and also in our case it's very short uh for ceremony buddha's case he only exists here for
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00011-00009696-00010568 49 i mean he's dharma you know when he propagate only last only have 49 years for him to work on
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00012-00010568-00011400 it um before he go into parliament so we must be very appreciative of it and
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00013-00011488-00012088 speaking of the dharma you know what are the benefits we understand the benefits is really big
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00014-00012216-00012784 uh in this big era there are 1000 buddha appears
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00015-00013440-00014472 in our sahara world we have one about one thousand buddha lining up to appear in our world but
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00016-00014544-00015319 shall i minimalize number four out of the one thousand the next one is uh my red yeah buddha
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00017-00015376-00016280 madraya buddha will appear in 570 billion years later which is a very long time gap
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00018-00016568-00017280 and when he came everyone who has affinity with him in the past will be able to be
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00019-00017416-00017640 liberated from the sufferings
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00020-00017904-00018384 so benefits of buddhism is definitely there it's definitely happening
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00021-00018624-00019272 because it's it's it's helping us to attain uh true happiness it's something that we cannot skip
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00022-00019352-00020192 in our life or many lives why do we have to uh um why is buddhism so good because it has such a
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00023-00020264-00020672 uh it has a lot of good stuff in it what do we learn from it because it has a lot of um
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00024-00020728-00021392 uh good stuff in there because it gives you what you want it helps you to achieve what you want
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00025-00021768-00021872 to live a happy life
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00026-00022136-00022760 so at from this starting point we can start to appreciate buddhism
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00027-00023080-00023760 so the ability of the fact that you are here means you have affinity with buddha and his dharma
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00028-00023848-00024376 otherwise he won't be here at all so last lessons we talk about
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00029-00024848-00025648 what is buddhism buddhism is about discipleship what is the discipleship
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00030-00025952-00026480 in buddhism the relationship between a master and a disciple
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00031-00026544-00027104 is more than just teacher and student it's very close very tight it's a bond
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00032-00027344-00028183 as a disciple whether it can he can or she can success relies on
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00033-00028312-00028656 so rely some way that's the question we need to answer today
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00034-00028656-00029344 uh figure out today uh i'll give a brief uh overlook in this topic
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00035-00029344-00030072 as a student as a disciple of buddha what kind of attitude should we equip to learn buddhism
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00036-00030368-00030568 what is discipleship what is it
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00037-00030808-00031472 there is a saying about discipleship in buddhism there are only disciples who seek answers from
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00038-00031472-00031983 master never heard of master who asked for a student to teach or who goes to a student to
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00039-00031983-00033136 teach uh if you look at the stories of buddha all students goes to buddha to ask seek for help seek
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00040-00033136-00034000 for you know answers and the attitude are very respectful from their deeds and speech and ethic
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00041-00034200-00034704 for in comparison to our current uh students current disciples
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00042-00034888-00035864 the the level of seriousness the level of uh sincerity art in seeking teachings is way it
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00043-00035864-00036672 varies too much it becomes like sometimes it might appear as giving a joke other than really want to
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00044-00036736-00037944 learn so if you heard uh buddha story you never heard buddha goes to someone's house and say come
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00045-00037944-00038672 and join my song or like walk to the person and go to the house and say this is buddhism this is good
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00046-00038736-00039384 uh you should uh follow me something like that it doesn't happen like it doesn't work like that
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00047-00040608-00040912 the reason why only student
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00048-00041280-00041832 goes to uh the teacher not the teacher goes to the house of the student to teach
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00049-00041976-00042408 because the respect is different that the attitude is different right
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00050-00042816-00043216 so right now venerable is talking about if the teacher is the one who come to you and teach
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00051-00043272-00044056 for example venerable sherwood comes to your house to you know share the dharma to you
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00052-00044056-00044856 um what would people say that if i do everything they were like oh nah i'm too busy i i cannot
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00053-00044928-00045552 uh i cannot entertain you stuff like that if we're using that kind of mentality to learn it's
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00054-00045632-00046328 we can't resolve much we can't take it as much as for those who really want to learn
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00055-00046328-00047344 and seek the answers by themselves for example the first portrait of chinese zen buddhism chinese
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00056-00047344-00048024 chant buddhism is bodhidharma from india and the second patriarch before he was a patriarch
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00057-00048136-00048776 the level of sincerity he has displayed is such as such
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00058-00048872-00049736 because he wants to seek the dharma to peace to achieve his inner peace he knew in front of the
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00059-00050016-00050584 buddha bodhidharma's cave where he sat on meditation for nine months and
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00060-00050712-00051632 it's just there three days three nights under the snow snowy condition to seek this teacher's guide
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00061-00051712-00052312 and bodhidharma turn around after three days and say what do you seek for my students and uh
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00062-00052488-00053072 since you i think the second one is since you i think the second patron of zen then he was a
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00063-00053072-00053888 student and he said please settle my heart i uh my heart is at peace and you say give me your heart
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00064-00053976-00054928 and and i'll settle it for you so this second patriot um uh to show his sincerity he himself cut
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00065-00054928-00055584 off his one of his arm to seek for it so it's just to say that how sincere it is
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00066-00055776-00056184 people back then in how serious they are in seeking the dharma
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00067-00056416-00056591 and you can see from the benefit
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00068-00057240-00057896 as long as the student willing to learn teachers will not reject anyone's help
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00069-00058255-00059032 however the teacher does not seek respect for themselves that's not the point of
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00070-00059032-00059376 why students come to the teacher why you need to show respect and bow
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00071-00059455-00060079 not because the teacher wants you to respect them i am your teacher i'm your boss i'm your
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00072-00060136-00060640 parents you must be respectful to me no that's not the mark of a good teacher
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00073-00060704-00061176 if a teacher has this kind of mindset this is not a good teacher not worth following
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00074-00061384-00062016 buddha is not like that as long as you're willing to learn you show a willingness to learn he will
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00075-00062016-00062720 give you everything you could understand and no he will teach without hesitation without reservation
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00076-00063048-00063776 it's like master yin guang's uh teachings set one with an ounce of respect will wrap
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00077-00063776-00064200 an ounce of benefit one with ten hours of respect would rate ten hours of benefits
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00078-00064391-00065279 the whole point is your attitude when you seek uh help teachings if we got it too easily like
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00079-00065279-00065776 nowadays you know sutra you can print a lot easily you can get it from internet
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00080-00065872-00066520 the level of respect is not there the level of appreciation is not there and how can and and
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00081-00066584-00066984 that means correlates to our ability to absorb the dharma
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00082-00067192-00067608 nowadays like i saw uh someone who listened to dharma
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00083-00067696-00068184 they opened a youtube of master ching kong speech and then while listening
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00084-00068184-00068832 to it they have a phone out flashing out and you know scrolling through other stuff
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00085-00069192-00070184 it's hard to achieve anything like that
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00086-00070352-00070672 so for example if there are 10 students
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00087-00070672-00071584 learning from a teacher 10 different students from learning from one teacher
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00088-00071728-00072360 everyone listen to the same lessons from the same teacher same word
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00089-00072432-00073240 same people or ten different people right however when you look at the result after a test
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00090-00073304-00074112 or when they were tested you can observe most of cases they are different level of achievements
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00091-00074312-00074848 so for in buddhism case some people who listen to buddha immediately they attain enlightenment
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00092-00074848-00075304 some people who have been with buddha for many many years still have attained anything
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00093-00075520-00075784 if you observe this in buddhism
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00094-00075864-00076856 beyond buddhism which is in the in the worldly matters settings same thing those who achieve
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00095-00076856-00077616 they will they definitely have that level of respect towards the teacher
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00096-00077880-00078080 so if you think from that perspective
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00097-00078296-00078584 for example in my case every time i listen to the dharma
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00098-00078664-00079776 i always go straight to buddha 10 times sorry 10 minutes 15 minutes 10 minutes seeking his buddha's
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00099-00079896-00080376 blessings so that i can have enough sincerity to
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00100-00080616-00080720 accept the dharma
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00101-00081088-00081768 because in this dharma ending age in this life uh in this current era without
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00102-00081864-00082496 dharma buddha dharma we would definitely almost certainly diverted from the right path
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00103-00082664-00083048 so knowing this theory and uh principle
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00104-00083256-00083968 the point of success for a student in learning what was taught is not intelligent
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00105-00084056-00084576 it's more relied on ability to learn willing to learn willing to listen
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00106-00084688-00084968 the sincerity to learn the sincerity to listen
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00107-00085312-00085824 because students who are respectful towards a teacher will take every single word to heart and
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00108-00085824-00086344 learn it earnestly because if a student refused to listen no matter how good the teacher is
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00109-00086416-00087240 even the buddha himself teach you we cannot learn anything at all so you cannot blame the teachers
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00110-00087528-00087672 in a journey of learning
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00111-00087856-00088496 last time i heard a lot of uh in the past there's a lot of dharma lay practitioners talk to me
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00112-00088664-00089512 why after listening so much dharma i can't uh understand much or i can't improve much
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00113-00089624-00090504 so i mentioned it in the last friday's uh dharma talk this is common problem a lot of people cannot
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00114-00090504-00091112 he uh they can't hear they can't hear the core of the dharma even though they hear it a lot of times
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00115-00091112-00091744 they can't get it because they are not truly listening to it that means the heart is not there
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00116-00091952-00092440 therefore this is what master yin guang told us a person with 100
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00117-00092440-00092960 percent of respect towards the teacher will receive 100 of benefits from the lessons
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00118-00093128-00093784 same lessons was given to everyone but different level of reception based on different level of
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00119-00093784-00094792 sincerity this is a common principle of education regardless of your spiritual or secular nature
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00120-00095096-00095768 whatever you learn buddhism or any techniques or any degrees or anything you pursue without
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00121-00095888-00096248 a heart of respect towards the lessons towards the teacher
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00122-00096464-00097144 without that we can't achieve anything as long as we are going against this principle
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00123-00097216-00098184 of sincerity towards everything if we go against that we will not achieve anything
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00124-00098248-00099024 in history records shaya muni buddha's student who follow him around you know
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00125-00099024-00099712 when he was walking around in india most of them has attained enlightenment at least other hunt
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00126-00099848-00100144 none of them was left without achievements
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00127-00100304-00101248 1255 they are not just a common people they all have a achievement all this student that
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00128-00101248-00101864 follows him they all have a common trait they all listen and take the lessons from buddha to heart
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00129-00102272-00102976 looking at our case chanting amitabha buddha the merits of amitabha buddha of his name
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00130-00102976-00103832 is equal equal it's not discriminatory whoever willing the chant will get all the benefits
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00131-00104048-00104728 by reborn and pure land however the people who practice the recitation of his name
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00132-00104783-00105456 does not seem to get a lot of benefits as said in the buddha sutra because
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00133-00105456-00106311 of the sincerity therefore it's not easy to be a teacher especially nowadays at school or in
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00134-00106311-00106840 in dharma center same everywhere it's not it's getting harder to be a teacher
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00135-00107048-00107480 that's why we have like this way you know the guideline of being a good person
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00136-00107632-00108368 in in in this temple because we need to um we realize the importance of
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00137-00108368-00109416 having a good route good good beginnings for the students for the kids
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00138-00109416-00110152 the main reason why it's so hard to teach nowadays because the student nowadays were off the track
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00139-00110152-00110808 by a lot uh the level of sincerity the level of the attitude towards the teaching is not there
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00140-00110968-00111392 towards the learning in indonesia we have
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00141-00111688-00112464 these examples they are common for teacher to be taught to be invited to the household and to teach
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00142-00112759-00113552 i asked a lot of this teacher what's the hardest thing you have to face when teaching at
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00143-00113552-00114376 students home they all almost unanimously answered the students are not listening
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00144-00114608-00114983 to the instructions
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00145-00115080-00115696 so a lot of parents have this misconception if the students are not learning if their
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00146-00115696-00116208 children are not gaining anything even they pay a lot of money to hire the private tutor
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00147-00116288-00116944 they would commonly blame the teachers but they did not reflect how they raised the kids
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00148-00117040-00117783 how they impart that level of attitude and sincerity inside the children's mind
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00149-00118168-00119183 for example today we found a good teacher good dharma teacher who has the right will right virtue
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00150-00119359-00119896 and then you ask him could you teach me uh to be successful in my cultivation
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00151-00120111-00120672 and if you are really real if you take it seriously if you're for real seeking the
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00152-00120896-00121368 guidance you don't need to take three years you only need three months to achieve
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00153-00121656-00121983 whatever you want to achieve
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00154-00122616-00122911 whether we can succeed in anything depends
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00155-00123911-00124783 attitudes number one number two is choosing a noble friend sanchez's noble friend um
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00156-00125168-00125704 for example you pick one teacher that you really like uh teacher child or anyone who you really
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00157-00125759-00126624 uh who you admire who you respect from the depth of your heart you liked how this person carried
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00158-00126624-00127464 themselves how this noble friend who um you know what he did she did what's their virtue
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00159-00127464-00128352 is very good and you're truly respect towards that person then fix to them do not change the target
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00160-00128352-00128856 of your learning do not change the examples of your learning stick to that person until
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00161-00128856-00129424 the very end because you will achieve not just small achievement great achievements in the end
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00162-00129600-00130135 if there is an exam historical precedent mentions mentions learn from who do you
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00163-00130135-00130535 know that learn from confucius who is like few hundred years prior to his time
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00164-00130696-00131264 uh but even though they are not facing each other face to face or in the same
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00165-00131264-00132104 era then she is able to achieve second only to his example which is confucius
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00166-00132376-00132672 becomes the second sage of confucius school
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00167-00133016-00133592 there was a more contemporary example there was a kid who really liked michael jackson
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00168-00133672-00134136 listen to michael jackson's song watching his performance every time he's there and sarah
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00169-00134136-00134848 every day he learned every single detail mimik every single features
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00170-00134848-00135328 of michael jackson and when he performs he looks almost like michael jackson
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00171-00135584-00135984 same thing like if i talk about dharma i always listen to
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00172-00136064-00136336 master ching kong something i mean big kim as well
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00173-00136704-00137320 however having a noble friend is good and we should learn but we must stick to one
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00174-00137320-00137728 because if we have too many we will be distracted
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00175-00138344-00138848 because our heart is not settled if we follow too many examples they're all good examples but
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00176-00138848-00139424 if we follow all of them we'll be messed we'll be in the mess we'll be distracted
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00177-00139872-00140184 if you want to learn
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00178-00140320-00140992 we must focus on and deepen our studies on one approach one approach
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00179-00141312-00141608 so that's the principle we're trying to bring out
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00180-00141672-00142400 from the examples especially in the dharma ending age where there's so many options and so many
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00181-00142504-00143560 selections avoid salad defy your studies your your buddhist cultivation do not mix and match
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00182-00143672-00144504 because our time is so short uh everything is changing so fast there are vowels number three is
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00183-00144584-00145440 uh i vow to learn all the dharma approach towards enlightenment however it's not for
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00184-00145440-00146328 our current situation it's meant for after when you go to pyonet for now time uh environment
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00185-00146328-00147184 digester and everything is pushing us so we only can focus on one we don't have energy for one
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00186-00148464-00149384 um patriarchs pure land patriots they are mostly uh enlightened they are all enlightened
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00187-00149384-00149952 people actually incent but they let go of all that teachings and all that sutras they have
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00188-00149952-00150344 learned and mastered and focus only on chanting i made them for in the end
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00189-00150568-00150800 so therefore you only need one teacher if you want to learn
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00190-00151144-00151384 in your heart with your teacher
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00191-00151960-00152176 so who is that one teacher in your heart
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00192-00152408-00153136 it has to be someone who you admire who actually is virtuous and has profound knowledge wisdom
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00193-00153288-00154032 so all of us mostly we aim for master ching kong we we come to this place
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00194-00154032-00154808 to learn from him or his teachings so one teacher is enough if you already selected this person
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00195-00154872-00155904 stick to it stick to him stick to the teachings by him because if you have two master it's like
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00196-00155904-00156480 pointing branching paths in your learning three master pointing a t junction in your
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00197-00156480-00157016 learning four masters and a cross junction in your learning so where do you want to go
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00198-00157400-00157824 because everyone is good right so you're good he's good she's good
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00199-00157888-00158464 everyone's good so end up doing nothing at all get confused
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00200-00158912-00159464 like back when i started becoming a monk when i started being ordained as a monk
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00201-00159544-00159984 some people told me you should learn from zen some say you should learn from tibetan
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00202-00160688-00161488 learn from the sutra point of view there's so many point of views and not all good as you see
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00203-00161488-00162152 in the pictures one person who's sitting in the middle four directions where do you want to go
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00204-00162392-00162784 everyone say every direction is good you get confused right
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00205-00162976-00163544 therefore one if you pinpoint to one direction stick to it
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00206-00163752-00164032 otherwise we learn nothing in the end we achieve nothing
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00207-00164264-00164608 we can't achieve anything if we get distracted
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00208-00165312-00165584 you have to start from what your current situation is
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00209-00165792-00166512 your current society your current circumstance look at the people who are successful they all
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00210-00166592-00167184 put their effort and energy they are all limited 24 hours right and limited energy in one thing
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00211-00167312-00168184 so it applies to the worldly uh pursuit let alone spiritual pursuit in buddhism
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00212-00168552-00169024 as long as you're all willing to focus concentrate on one path
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00213-00169312-00169936 if you want to be a teacher you focus on the skills and the diminues then the virtues to
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00214-00169936-00170640 be a teacher if you want to be a uh what kind of teacher you want to be a dancing instructor then
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00215-00170640-00171208 you focus on the dance technique and everything if you want to be a dharma teacher you must focus on
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00216-00171272-00171776 all the conditions that make a good dharma teacher specialize in that
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00217-00172128-00172384 there's a lot of people who like to study
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00218-00172608-00173784 why are they not successful
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00219-00174352-00175184 if you learn from more than one muscle at a time we're done for why
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00220-00175624-00175904 no matter how accomplished the teacher is
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00221-00176000-00176616 uh if our attitude is diverted left and right up and down where our heart is not settled on
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00222-00176616-00177272 one direction then we can't achieve anything so hands this is what we call discipleship
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00223-00177480-00177984 one teacher one path is
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00224-00178096-00178424 from now on once we heard of this time this talk
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00225-00178552-00179080 we should reflect again this word focus our approach on one
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00226-00180248-00180832 not only we follow the teacher on not only we follow one teacher we
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00227-00180832-00181224 must also focus on one approach of the cultivation
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00228-00181496-00182464 or buddhist cultivation by buddhas given by buddha they all will achieve a pure heart
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00229-00182824-00183056 you just need to focus on one path to get there
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00230-00183200-00183584 you will not get wrong if you find a good teacher stick to it
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00231-00183848-00184464 because the problem nowadays we have is we are not listening we are not listening to heart by heart
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00232-00184736-00185488 there are many cases i mean many people are no matter what you say no matter what you trying to
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00233-00185560-00186520 explain proof you're always trying to go against what was being taught
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00234-00186904-00187128 because they kept thinking a lot of things they got distracted
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00235-00187280-00187960 if i'm a different era i mean everyone's learning everything because if we learn a lot
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00236-00187960-00188512 of knowledge only then we can help the society problem we can solve the problem by learning
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00237-00188512-00189240 everything however i ask them have you solved your own problem first have you solved your own
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00238-00189352-00189792 problem that facing you right now if you can't even fix yourself how can you fix
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00239-00190560-00191216 that's others buddhism is high wisdom because it gets to the root of the matter and this is
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00240-00191216-00191808 why it's different from other religions as well a lot of religion they all focus on god they're
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00241-00191808-00192368 not focusing on pure heart only buddhism that keeps bringing out again attainment of pure heart
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00242-00192472-00193112 which is no attachments only buddhism emphasized so much on this a person
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00243-00193192-00193824 who attained a pure heart what are the you know appearance of a person who attended your heart
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00244-00194112-00194384 first less affliction and vexation
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00245-00194504-00195120 second they have more wisdom these are the big this is these two is enough like for everything
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00246-00195120-00195704 you encounter it's enough to liberate you from all the troubles and everything you
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00247-00196136-00196520 of heart face from your heart of respect out of sincerity
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00248-00196816-00197632 all the worldly problems all the problems how do you solve it only wisdom can be solved
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00249-00197632-00198984 only wisdom can solve all this society problem or any any kind of problem there's no alternative
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00250-00199216-00199576 that's why buddha dharma focus so much on wisdom
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00251-00199760-00200384 awaken to from the delusion be wise because we're lacking two of this
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00252-00200576-00201376 especially in this era especially in our days if you want to be happy and fulfilling
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00253-00201576-00202384 what we lack what ingredient we like in achieving this beautiful ending picture is wisdom and
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00254-00202384-00203456 awakening so in the past in my dharma center that i host after sunday's service uh chanting service
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00255-00203512-00204088 we always gather together to talk about buddhism and have seep some teas along the way
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00256-00204256-00204456 yamcha and yamcha
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00257-00205648-00206319 after the cultivation after the chanting uh service few people who left behind uh
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00258-00206480-00206592 especially those uh
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00259-00207040-00207680 i would say corporate cooperatives this corporate people uh business people yes i
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00260-00207680-00208223 asked them you are not lacking things because you are wealthy but do you know what do you guys like
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00261-00208223-00208640 that they were like i don't know they can't answer this question
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00262-00208776-00209232 so let me ask the same question to you guys what do you guys like in this life
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00263-00209616-00210496 they can't answer it can they chant sutra yes can they chant amitov yes they can chance to try yes
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00264-00210752-00210928 and when i ask what do you like in this book
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00265-00211456-00211584 i answered
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00266-00212056-00212984 a peaceful heart a peaceful state of mind a joyful state of mind all the time
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00267-00213200-00213880 to learn to start in this journey we need to start from the most everyday problems that we face
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00268-00214216-00214576 common people only ordinary people have afflictions
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00269-00214576-00215256 have issues problems depressions all that sage does not have problems at all
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00270-00215432-00215864 so we should have to start from something close to us something we need to solve right away
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00271-00216040-00216423 i don't need to ask by looking at your face by looking at your
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00272-00216423-00217184 expression we already know there's a lot of problem because what we think appears on our face
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00273-00217576-00217967 so if you want to truly liberate from all this affection
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00274-00218032-00218584 to be happy to be fulfilling what do we rely on
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00275-00219767-00220519 only when you have right awakening wisdom you will be able to navigate out of these problems
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00276-00220736-00221384 because it's safe it's a solid safe path it's a path definitely that will lead you to
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00277-00221471-00221648 liberation from these sufferings
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00278-00221856-00222471 if you look at the society if you look at the issues a lot of people think if i have
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00279-00222471-00223264 a lot of money i can live in a good home good cars good good use usage daily quality of life
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00280-00223600-00224008 when we actually look at those people who made it even though they are wealthy
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00281-00224112-00224288 it's common that people who are wealthy but their
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00282-00224288-00224608 heart is not at peace they're still agitated they're still depressed
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00283-00225023-00225719 so in our indonesian temple there are young people who has buddhist young buddhists who have married
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00284-00225776-00226496 and they came to the temple for you know ceremony but marriage ceremony and most of them take the
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00285-00226648-00226984 triple refuge and five precepts
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00286-00227432-00227992 so the ceremony goes like this they ask for the dharma and as a dharma teacher we give them the
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00287-00228088-00228712 precepts and the five refuge before they marry so be after that beyond that i also tell them
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00288-00228712-00229304 why do you marry to be happy if you want to be happy what is their condition for that
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00289-00229440-00230080 they say car house those basic securities i would be happy
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00290-00230256-00230944 however when we look at the actual statistics of divorce a lot of these people who have good
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00291-00230944-00231728 incomes most people who divorce are good income earners they have all these conditions mentioned
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00292-00231792-00232584 but they still end up with a broken family so that is not the cause of happiness
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00293-00232792-00233144 this warrants our rethinking reflection
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00294-00233432-00233984 all this problem from our personal level livelihood all that lifestyle to society
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00295-00234048-00235056 family workplace they all rely on wisdom to resolve to be resolved we must not neglect the
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00296-00235056-00235896 importance of wisdom the role of wisdom because other stuff is not reliable all this possessions
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00297-00236000-00236623 status prestige they're just they appear because condition is right but they will go away as well
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00298-00236623-00237319 and they will not give you what you look for you can't find it outside no matter how hard you work
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00299-00237319-00237744 how many ot you've gone through they will only bring more and more and more as
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00300-00237808-00238632 you own more you worry about more because the person who truly made it made it to that happy
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00301-00238632-00239223 place that happiness is the one who has a very rich inner world they will not move by outside
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00302-00239448-00239784 however remember that wisdom we do not lack but
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00303-00239784-00240160 wisdom they are pure good fortune they are untainted
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00304-00240440-00240856 it's hard because our wisdom our good fortunes
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00305-00240912-00241488 is there but it's mixed with affliction it's mixed with all this selfishness and all that
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00306-00241680-00242167 smart people are everywhere as well we are not lacking of smart people in our country in our
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00307-00242360-00242776 in chinese there's a saying people who are too smart ends up
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00308-00243032-00243712 toppling themselves ends up making a fool out of themselves you know trying to be smart for example
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00309-00243712-00244240 you can look at the politicians nowadays they're all smart people but where do they use the smart
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00310-00244400-00244544 what is the effect of their smart
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00311-00244936-00245271 they have to be smart to be made to made it to the top of the chain right
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00312-00245271-00245840 however what's the effect of their policies what's the effect of their actions and deeds they cause
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00313-00245840-00246584 more harm to the stability of society or every matters they cause more misery to the people
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00314-00246816-00247152 and they got through worse and worse the people got through worse and worse
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00315-00247336-00248319 so why is that the case because the wisdom they have are polluted are mixed with afflictions white
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00316-00248319-00249071 afflictions wandering thoughts discriminations or prejudice attachment to things the people
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00317-00249128-00249984 selfishness pursuit of fame and prestige great hatred ignorance none of them is clear
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00318-00250271-00251160 from the heart from the heart and this is why with this kind of tainted heart we face
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00319-00251240-00252167 the external world will end up making it worse very smart but not honest that's the common um
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00320-00252232-00253016 problem common afflictions nowadays already smart were brought with were were born with
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00321-00253016-00253856 desires smarts with strong desires for example first world war second world war they're all
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00322-00253928-00254623 pushed by desires desire to expand desire to own desire to you know inflate the ego and stuff
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00323-00254816-00255536 if everyone pure try fight their heart it becomes pure then because facing nowadays
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00324-00255536-00255984 if there's first and second world war there is a guarantee of third world war but i don't know when
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00325-00256104-00256528 all we can do is chant the army to fall and really seeking to reborn in the pure den
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00326-00256752-00257264 because this tool happens without people thinking about it they don't just plan for what they happen
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00327-00257264-00258048 because some people got assassinated and then this chain of interest across the wall second world war
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00328-00258048-00258712 some madman wants to expand their territory and end some conflicts happen so what will
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00329-00258712-00259408 happen in that way as well it's not illogic two days ago there was a people who told me
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00330-00259560-00260319 when you go to overseas in my case australia i say oh yeah i might be able to walk around however
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00331-00260400-00261152 kovit happens i can't even go out and have a good walk in australia
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00332-00261560-00262616 some of the jesus asked me i i um i regretted this not able to walk around i told him the world is
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00333-00262616-00263272 not it's illusory there's no need to be regretful in this illusory bubble
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00334-00263592-00263992 because when we go to pure land everything is real
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00335-00263992-00264784 i mean everything comes from the true nature so you can go anywhere anytime anyplace any second
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00336-00265688-00265920 why is the world not at peace
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00337-00266160-00266552 because everyone start from their self-interest thinking from them
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00338-00266552-00267152 from their own interest the expense of others if everyone thinks like that
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00339-00267152-00267832 self-interest as number one then how can we have a peaceful world have a word of harmony
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00340-00268688-00268984 because of self-attachment we have hatred
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00341-00269040-00269672 because you do not follow me or follow my desires or you have greed i want i wish i love
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00342-00269976-00270400 so the attachment to self is the cause of all this misery
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00343-00270400-00270904 going against me i hate something i like it's great
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00344-00271520-00272112 and ego brings out the arrogance as well i above others i'm above others stuff like that
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00345-00272336-00273216 i must everything is i so buddha start from open the surgery on the ego this
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00346-00273216-00273792 is what how buddha treat this problem we have to break through the illusion of self
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00347-00274104-00274832 without true wisdom without true effort uh even you learn from mayan buddhism there is no
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00348-00274832-00275504 effect on us there's no achievements in our cultivation
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00349-00275792-00276064 because the pollution is there
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00350-00276184-00276864 the ego is still there everything you do was tainted by that perspective so no matter what
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00351-00276864-00277648 we did would be tainted by it by the ego and we'll end up creating not a good camera
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00352-00277864-00277992 so our life become miserable
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00353-00278208-00278784 a person who start from ego a nation cannot be at peace a person who full of ego cannot have a
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00354-00279024-00279880 united family united nations even in a organization like dharma place you will not be
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00355-00280040-00280752 brought up to the good point if everyone's egoistic so buddha advises us
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00356-00281080-00281872 if we can take uh i out of the way when wherever we are doing stuff or thinking stuff speaking
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00357-00281872-00282632 stuff when we planning stuff we always think about others then eventually everything gets better
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00358-00282792-00283352 if you only think about i mean if you think more about benefiting others less about myself
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00359-00283528-00283752 then you're getting closer to that happy life
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00360-00284040-00284768 i met a householder a lay buddhist i ask him you have a very good material life everything you
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00361-00284872-00285064 eat sleep everything is there
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00362-00285336-00286040 i ask him you also take a lot of time this is a old lady who served the community every day in
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00363-00286040-00286880 the temple i asked him do you feel tired fatigue this um old lady say no i don't feel i don't feel
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00364-00286960-00287520 fatigued at all i feel more energetic as the more i do the more energy i have
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00365-00287752-00288408 i feel the bigger the world is bigger on the other hand people who has everything
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00366-00288408-00288896 but they only think from themselves their own perspective rather than benefit others
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00367-00288992-00289544 anything any little triggers uh any little um you know wrong tone
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00368-00289600-00290408 brush you the wrong way then they all it becomes like you know bickering renting whining
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00369-00290712-00291384 everything comes from hatred because it touched the ego therefore
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00370-00291600-00292328 if we remove the selfishness we will gain true benefits with that we will attain right awakening
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00371-00292384-00293008 so we understand that right awakening has a standard to measure against it's not a title
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00372-00293008-00294016 you can give to anyone why do we start from what awakening it a person with this level
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00373-00294016-00294816 of cultivation they have let go of the ego and the selfishness the idea of me number me comes first
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00374-00295128-00295584 do you understand
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00375-00296584-00297384 how do you speak do you understand the english so if we understand then we should take it seriously
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00376-00297440-00297792 and start aiming for right awakening so how do we
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00377-00297792-00298296 attain right awakening we need to let go of our selfishness purify our heart from
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00378-00299144-00299416 one side you're letting go of this the other side recovering from
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00379-00299488-00299784 you're recovering your compassion your broad-mindedness
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00380-00300312-00300744 so these are the brief introduction on first level of buddhist cultivation
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00381-00300984-00301680 in right awakening to define right awakening lack of selfishness absence of selfishness
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00382-00301832-00301928 absence of uh
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00383-00302552-00303440 mean ego sincerely so using that standard if we looking out in ourselves if we have uh
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00384-00303544-00304312 desire for fame prestige lust and all that still have that in there then we have not attained right
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00385-00304312-00305048 awakening everything that satisfies yourself now we're moving to the second level right
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00386-00305128-00305768 because when we learn buddhism we need to go to the highest gradually so number two is
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00387-00306032-00306512 somebody so equally perfect enlightenment
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00388-00306744-00307520 this is like a master level in our university qualification so from
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00389-00307520-00308320 bachelor degree to master so master is in buddhism is equally perfect enlightenment equal to what
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00390-00308688-00309248 at this level we are equal to buddha in terms of uh if we achieve this level um
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00391-00309360-00309768 your level enlightenment awakening is the same as buddha
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00392-00310192-00310520 you have not attained the buddhahood you have not take the buddhahood but
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00393-00310616-00311216 attain the buddhahood but you only but your prof your understanding and your
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00394-00311216-00311688 awakening and everything is already the same level as buddha so you see what buddha sees
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00395-00312168-00312824 so what does it mean we should continue next next week because the time has passed
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00396-00313056-00313320 i would like to uh summarize it
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00397-00313536-00313840 there's a lot more actually that follows
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00398-00314072-00314312 about this equally perfect enlightenment
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00399-00314784-00315384 not only you need to attain right awakening which is some body you need to attain equally
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00400-00315384-00315856 perfect enlightenment which is somehow somebody how do you get somebody at somebody
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00401-00316232-00316616 do you believe in yourself do you have confidence in achieving it
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00402-00316872-00317328 don't don't don't stuck at the other hand you want to be a buddha
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00403-00317400-00317984 don't stop in the first level you want to be equal to amitabha buddha to say money buddha
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00404-00318080-00318632 you should have this buddha encourage that you should this is what differs buddhism
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00405-00318632-00319208 from other religions no one can become god in buddhism everyone is encouraged to be buddha
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00406-00319384-00319920 you need to believe in yourself as long as you have the vow if you have the will and
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00407-00319920-00320848 the persistence you will achieve that obviously during the process you need to give out the cost
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00408-00320848-00321440 equivalent to the level of attainment you achieve you need to pay the price what kind of price price
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00409-00321440-00322264 of your ego that means you need to be patient you need to take in the test in everyday life
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00410-00322528-00323104 because without test tribulation of life you never know how far you have reached
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00411-00323200-00323704 how much you can take in how much you can resolve no matter what you see what
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00412-00323704-00324504 you hear what you touch what you eat what you think you must be patient let it go
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00413-00324648-00325424 if you have done to a level where you do not give rise to a single tote congratulations good
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00414-00325424-00326200 you have attained the level of buddhahood so right now we stop here we'll continue next week
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00415-00326328-00327392 on what is equally perfect enlightenment why is it not a normal level of attainment
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00416-00327392-00328056 why is it so good so we'll stop over here if there's any errors uh please
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00417-00328280-00328472 give us a bit of uh
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00418-00328800-00329400 feedback over here i would like to wish everyone that everyone have a uh good
+7bBZ7KrxYQy-00419-00329840-00330144 job thank you
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00000-00000176-00000430 Yesterday, Monday's lecture,
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00001-00000430-00000740 we were outlining the expectations of the course
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00002-00000740-00000946 conceptually and practically.
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00003-00000946-00001290 Conceptually, remember that I started with
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00004-00001290-00001576 Frederick Douglass' - an excerpt from his great
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00005-00001576-00001860 speech, "What to the slave is the Fourth of July?,
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00006-00001860-00002230 told the story about how he had been honored,
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00007-00002230-00002430 in a sense, by his abolitionist friends to
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00008-00002430-00002786 come to Rochester to speak about the meaning of
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00009-00002786-00003110 independence, Fourth of July,
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00010-00003110-00003520 how he refused to do so, because to proceed in that
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00011-00003520-00003690 way for a man who'd been a slave and
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00012-00003690-00003950 self-emancipated, represented in so many
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00013-00003950-00004260 ways the enslaved population of the United
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00014-00004260-00004640 States, that to invite him to speak about liberty and
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00015-00004640-00005050 independence was "cruel mockery." We also talked
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00016-00005050-00005380 about the ways in which, going back from Frederick
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00017-00005380-00005636 Douglass's speech in the 1850s,
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00018-00005636-00005790 going back to the 1770s with the epitaph on the
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00019-00005790-00006190 tombstone, about the ways in which freedom and
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00020-00006190-00006409 slavery intertwined, if you're trying to
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00021-00006409-00006580 understand this country's history,
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00022-00006580-00006736 and the way that citizenship and
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00023-00006736-00007090 non-citizenship are intertwined. I want to
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00024-00007090-00007409 pick up on some of those same themes today,
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00025-00007409-00007590 and we are going to be lingering for the most
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00026-00007590-00008009 part of this lecture just prior to the start of the
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00027-00008009-00008366 Civil War. I'll offer a few,
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00028-00008366-00008600 I mean, scant details chronologically about the
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00029-00008600-00008820 Civil War, and end up with the New York City draft
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00030-00008820-00009196 riots, happening in the midst of the Civil War.
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00031-00009196-00009420 And so this lecture is really our jumping off
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00032-00009420-00009706 point, from a chronological perspective,
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00033-00009706-00009890 for this course. And as you see,
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00034-00009890-00010080 by the end of the lecture, some core themes,
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00035-00010080-00010360 again that I articulated on Monday,
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00036-00010360-00010600 are going to be brought back into focus by the end
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00037-00010600-00011120 of this narrative. So I want to begin today's
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00038-00011120-00011776 lecture with a poem by the journalist,
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00039-00011776-00012240 activist, Underground Railroad host to those
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00040-00012240-00012546 slaves escaping towards freedom (she would open
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00041-00012546-00012919 her doors to them), woman's rights activist,
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00042-00012919-00013269 anti-lynching crusader, woman by the name of
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00043-00013269-00013646 Frances Ellen Watkins Harper. It's a poem
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00044-00013646-00013980 written in 1854, the same moment that Frederick
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00045-00013980-00014380 Douglass is castigating his abolitionist friends
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00046-00014380-00014700 about their understandings of freedom,
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00047-00014700-00015186 and of liberty, and of slavery. The poem is
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00048-00015186-00015506 called Bury Me in a Free Land. And I want you to
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00049-00015506-00015680 listen. It's not--I'm not going to say the poem is
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00050-00015680-00016000 high art. It's better than I can do,
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00051-00016000-00016400 but it's not high art, I don't think. But think
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00052-00016400-00016640 about the images that are crafted in this
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00053-00016640-00016740 poem...sort of the psychological terror
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00054-00016740-00017470 represented in this poem as well. Bury Me in a Free
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00055-00017470-00017936 Land. "Make me a grave where'er you will,
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00056-00017936-00018300 In a lowly plain, or a loft hill;
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00057-00018300-00018596 Make it among earth's humblest graves,
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00058-00018596-00018980 But not in a land where men are slaves. I could
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00059-00018980-00019276 not rest if around my grave I heard the steps of
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00060-00019276-00019590 a trembling slave; His shadow above my silent tomb
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00061-00019590-00020080 would make it a place of fearful gloom. I could
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00062-00020080-00020360 not rest if I heard the tread of a coffle gang to
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00063-00020360-00020810 the shambles led, And the mother's shriek of wild despair
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00064-00020810-00021100 Rise like a curse on the trembling air.
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00065-00021100-00021376 I could not sleep if I saw the lash. Drinking her
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00066-00021376-00021620 blood with each fearful gash,
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00067-00021620-00021896 And I saw her babes torn from her breast,
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00068-00021896-00022290 Like trembling doves from their parent nest.
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00069-00022290-00022480 I'd shudder and start if I heard the bay
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00070-00022480-00022740 Of bloodhounds seizing their human prey,
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00071-00022740-00023080 And I heard the captive plead in vain
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00072-00023080-00023620 As they bound afresh his galling chain. If I saw young
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00073-00023620-00023950 girls from their mother's arms, Bartered and sold for
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00074-00023950-00024210 their youthful charms, My eye would flash with a
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00075-00024210-00024580 mournful flame, My death-paled cheek grow
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00076-00024580-00024820 red with shame, I would sleep
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00077-00024820-00025076 dear friends, where bloated might, Can rob no
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00078-00025076-00025210 man of his dearest right;
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00079-00025210-00025536 My rest shall be calm in any grave, Where none can
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00080-00025536-00025980 call his brother a slave. I ask no monument,
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00081-00025980-00026230 proud and high, To arrest the gaze of the
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00082-00026230-00026686 passers-by; All that my yearning spirit craves,
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00083-00026686-00027250 Is bury me not in a land of slaves." Again,
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00084-00027250-00027760 1854. Although the literal start of the Civil
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00085-00027760-00028110 War is seven years away, this was an era when it
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00086-00028110-00028406 was clear to people like Frederick Douglass and
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00087-00028406-00028660 Frances Harper and so many other individuals,
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00088-00028660-00029086 free and not free. This is an era of incredible
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00089-00029086-00029480 tension in the country, and really the
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00090-00029480-00029676 handwriting's on the wall as the country's barreling
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00091-00029676-00030370 towards its sectional crisis. As early as 1820,
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00092-00030370-00030676 the political battles had begun with the Missouri
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00093-00030676-00030989 Compromise, an attempt to balance the number of
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00094-00030989-00031430 slave states and free states. The Missouri
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00095-00031430-00031710 Compromise angered the South because of the way
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00096-00031710-00031910 the federal government intervened in this
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00097-00031910-00032230 process. You're going to hear this often in this
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00098-00032230-00032646 course. The tension between federal government
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00099-00032646-00033100 initiatives and states' rights initiatives. Who
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00100-00033100-00033280 has greater authority, the federal government or the
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00101-00033280-00033636 states? Fundamentally important to the post--or
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00102-00033636-00033770 to the African American experience,
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00103-00033770-00034036 pre- and post-emancipation. So in
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00104-00034036-00034260 1820 at the Missouri Compromise,
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00105-00034260-00034530 balancing free states and slave states,
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00106-00034530-00034936 so neither would have an advantage in the federal
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00107-00034936-00035340 government when it came to setting policy about labor
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00108-00035340-00035540 in particular. Fast forward,
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00109-00035540-00035760 1850, the Compromise of 1850,
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00110-00035760-00036080 essentially the same issues as in the Missouri
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00111-00036080-00036570 Compromise. It's relating to territory gained in the
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00112-00036570-00036856 Mexican-American War. What part of the United
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00113-00036856-00037306 States is going to be free versus what part is going
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00114-00037306-00037686 to be--or what states are going to allow slavery.
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00115-00037686-00038130 One of the most important texts in US history,
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00116-00038130-00038456 novel, Uncle Tom's Cabin, is published in 1852,
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00117-00038456-00039056 written by Harriet Beecher Stowe. Quite a long time
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00118-00039300-00039626 before Oprah's Book Club, the book sells in numbers
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00119-00039626-00040000 that are astonishing. Three hundred thousand
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00120-00040000-00040346 copies of this text are put into print,
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00121-00040346-00040546 and eventually, over a million copies are sold.
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00122-00040546-00040910 This is in 1852. It's--the numbers are sort
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00123-00040910-00041430 of incomparable to today. The importance of the book
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00124-00041430-00041846 is that it galvanizes through this sort of very
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00125-00041846-00042100 romantic and treacley novel--it reads
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00126-00042100-00042490 very...it's an interesting read in our contemporary
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00127-00042490-00042950 ears--but it galvanizes so much of Northern opinion
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00128-00042950-00043156 about slavery and, frankly,
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00129-00043156-00043460 helps pull this country apart,
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00130-00043460-00043780 looking backwards. In 1854,
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00131-00043780-00044060 you have the Kansas-Nebraska Act,
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00132-00044060-00044240 that wipes out the Missouri Compromise of
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00133-00044240-00044920 thirty-four years earlier and starts a bloody war,
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00134-00044920-00045230 essentially a civil war within Kansas about
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00135-00045230-00045370 whether we're going to have slave
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00136-00045370-00045560 territories--slave states or free states in these
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00137-00045560-00045930 areas. Out of the battles in Kansas,
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00138-00045930-00046280 the Republican Party emerges. It didn't exist
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00139-00046280-00046760 before. And it would become the party that was
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00140-00046760-00047310 most sympathetic to the African American
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00141-00047310-00047576 experience--African Americans' interests in
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00142-00047576-00047900 becoming free and having citizenship rights. It
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00143-00047900-00048090 becomes the party with which blacks would
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00144-00048090-00048690 affiliate until nineteen--the mid-1930s.
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00145-00048910-00049240 Now this takes us up to around 1857. Again,
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00146-00049240-00049400 I'm fast-forwarding through a lot of history
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00147-00049400-00049806 here, just to get to some of the main themes of this
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00148-00049806-00050160 lecture. So the country is being ripped apart
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00149-00050160-00050436 through a variety of federal and state legal
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00150-00050436-00050750 battles about where people can be free and where they
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00151-00050750-00051196 cannot, what states can support slavery,
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00152-00051196-00051710 recognize it as being legal. During all these
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00153-00051710-00051940 battles, a court case is winding through the
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00154-00051940-00052370 system, a legal case, and it's finally decided in
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00155-00052370-00052879 1857 by the Supreme Court, Scott v. Sanders,
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00156-00052879-00053420 more famously, the Dred Scott case. Now it's a
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00157-00053420-00053629 complicated case, which I'll reduce to its
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00158-00053629-00053950 simplest forms. It's a complicated case that
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00159-00053950-00054746 revolves around travel, essentially. North of the
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00160-00054746-00055136 line thirty-six degrees and thirty minutes related
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00161-00055136-00055336 to the Missouri Compromise and the battles in Kansas
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00162-00055336-00055640 and Nebraska, north of that line,
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00163-00055640-00055976 the country is--these are free states. South of the
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00164-00055976-00056100 line, you're in slave-holding
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00165-00056100-00056620 territories. Dred Scott lives on both sides of
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00166-00056620-00056879 this line. He's a slave. Sorry if I didn't make
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00167-00056879-00057246 that part clear. He's a slave and lives with his
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00168-00057246-00057679 master and his mistress on both sides of this line,
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00169-00057679-00058240 on and off over the course of much of his life. And
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00170-00058240-00058476 for much of a decade, he's living in free territory.
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00171-00058720-00059129 When his master dies in 1846,
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00172-00059129-00059486 Scott sues for his freedom on the ground that he had
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00173-00059486-00059950 been living in free territory. "You can't own
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00174-00059950-00060129 me, I've been living in a place that doesn't
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00175-00060129-00060729 recognize that status." So he sues in court. The
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00176-00060950-00061329 courts go back and forth until the Supreme Court
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00177-00061329-00061870 issues the final decision in 1857. Eleven years
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00178-00061870-00062620 have transpired since the original suit. And in the
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00179-00062620-00062879 course of these cases--these decisions
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00180-00062879-00063110 going back and forth, Dred Scott and his family,
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00181-00063110-00063390 if you can imagine, have been emancipated,
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00182-00063390-00063640 re-enslaved, emancipated, re-enslaved,
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00183-00063640-00063866 depending on the court's decision. He's living a
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00184-00063866-00064116 life in a terrible--I mean a limbo that we really
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00185-00064116-00064610 can't imagine. Well, the Supreme Court weighs in
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00186-00064610-00065029 and solves the matter once and for all. Chief
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00187-00065029-00065429 Justice Roger B. Taney writes a decision that is
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00188-00065429-00065790 quite notable. He says that Scott should remain a
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00189-00065790-00066350 slave, that by virtue of his slavery,
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00190-00066350-00066720 he is not a citizen of the United States,
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00191-00066720-00066920 and so could not bring suit in a federal court in
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00192-00066920-00067200 the first place. He wipes out the whole process.
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00193-00067200-00067426 "You were never a citizen, because you were a slave.
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00194-00067426-00067560 You didn't have the right to sue." Moreover,
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00195-00067560-00067800 Taney says, that as a slave,
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00196-00067800-00068480 he was personal property, and personal property can
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00197-00068480-00068836 never become free. We think of personal property
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00198-00068836-00069320 as inanimate objects. Certainly African American
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00199-00069320-00069640 slaves were not inanimate, but for Taney it didn't
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00200-00069640-00069760 matter. That's a gray area,
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00201-00069760-00069970 I mean if you could call it a gray area,
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00202-00069970-00070200 that for Taney, that was a gray area that was really
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00203-00070200-00070380 reduced to something simple: They were personal
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00204-00070380-00070886 property; they could not become free. Adding
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00205-00070886-00071110 insult to injury--I mean the decision gets just
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00206-00071110-00071440 better and better from the standpoint of raising
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00207-00071440-00071806 one's bile--Taney makes plain his opinion of
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00208-00071806-00072100 blacks. "They were," he offered,
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00209-00072100-00072500 and this is a quote, "so far inferior that they had
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00210-00072500-00072760 no rights which a white man was bound to
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00211-00072760-00073250 respect." "They were so far inferior that they had
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00212-00073250-00073400 no rights which a white man was bound to
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00213-00073400-00073770 respect." So in one decision,
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00214-00073770-00074176 he eliminates even the chance,
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00215-00074176-00074630 from a legal standpoint, that you could sue if you
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00216-00074630-00074750 had been a slave. He says that's not even a
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00217-00074750-00074990 possibility. Furthermore, you're property and you
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00218-00074990-00075366 weren't free ever, and now we shouldn't even respect
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00219-00075366-00075840 you anyway, because you're so far inferior. Taney's
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00220-00075840-00076280 decision, building upon the legislative battles of
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00221-00076280-00076516 the previous thirty-seven years at that point,
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00222-00076516-00077116 building upon the tension that's exacerbated,
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00223-00077330-00077450 I suppose, might be the right word,
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00224-00077450-00077866 with Uncle Tom's Cabin. Taney's decision helps
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00225-00077866-00078110 move the country closer to Civil War because it
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00226-00078110-00078416 infuriates anti-slavery advocates. On so many
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00227-00078416-00078806 levels of his decision, he has made the wrong choice,
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00228-00078806-00079050 philosophically, ethically and legally,
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00229-00079050-00079430 according to anti-slavery advocates. The new
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00230-00079430-00079680 Republican Party which was opposed to the expansion
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00231-00079680-00079910 of slavery--now notice, it's the expansion,
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00232-00079910-00080290 not wiping it all out. Things take time. The
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00233-00080290-00080486 Republican Party, which is opposed to the expansion
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00234-00080486-00080936 of slavery, criticized the decision. There's a
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00235-00080936-00081210 postscript to this. In 1857,
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00236-00081210-00081366 we don't want to lose sight of Dred Scott
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00237-00081366-00081650 himself. Scott's mistress,
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00238-00081650-00081850 his master's widowed--widow,
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00239-00082060-00082430 Dred Scott's mistress remarries and gives Scott
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00240-00082430-00082750 and his family their freedom. Now why she
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00241-00082750-00082970 couldn't do this eleven years earlier is a mystery
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00242-00082970-00083160 that, you know, only she could answer,
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00243-00083160-00083656 I suppose. But she gives him and his family their
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00244-00083656-00083970 final freedom. And if you remember the epitaph from
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00245-00083970-00084290 Monday, I mean the painful,
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00246-00084290-00084426 bitter irony of the whole process,
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00247-00084426-00084710 just like John Jack. Not long after he buys his
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00248-00084710-00085076 freedom, he dies. One year after Dred Scott finally
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00249-00085076-00085340 gets his freedom, an eleven-year battle in the
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00250-00085340-00085590 legal system, one year later he dies from
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00251-00085590-00086216 tuberculosis. It's a bitter coda to a life of
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00252-00086216-00086846 struggle. So Dred Scott dies in 1858.
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00253-00086846-00086996 Steadying--Continuing this March,
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00254-00086996-00087786 1859, John Brown, former principal of a seminary
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00255-00087786-00087940 where Frances Harper, whose poem I read to you
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00256-00087940-00088180 earlier, the principal of the seminary where Frances
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00257-00088180-00088706 Harper worked, becomes an evangelizing zealot
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00258-00088706-00089140 against--or for anti-slavery causes.
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00259-00089140-00089460 Slavery is inhumane. It's unholy,
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00260-00089460-00089860 according to John Brown, and he recognizes--or he
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00261-00089860-00090040 believes the way to solve this problem,
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00262-00090040-00090330 since the legal process isn't working,
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00263-00090330-00090636 since the process of moral suasion isn't working,
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00264-00090636-00091290 is to get guns. John Brown organizes a band of
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00265-00091290-00091760 armed abolitionists, black and white men,
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00266-00091760-00091986 and their plan is to storm the arsenal in Harpers
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00267-00091986-00092360 Ferry, Virginia. John Brown invites Frederick
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00268-00092360-00092566 Douglass. "You're such an important leader for
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00269-00092566-00092716 African Americans. You need to join us in this
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00270-00092716-00092970 battle." And Douglass says--I mean,
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00271-00092970-00093076 I wasn't there for the conversation,
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00272-00093076-00093426 but--"John, you're crazy." And he may have
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00273-00093426-00093746 been a bit, well, visionary I suppose is
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00274-00093746-00094146 another word for crazy in sometimes. He forms a
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00275-00094146-00094546 group, John Brown does, and they begin their
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00276-00094546-00094936 raid. Doesn't last very long. Robert E. Lee,
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00277-00094936-00095116 general in the United States army,
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00278-00095116-00095720 not yet a traitor, quickly defeats John Brown and his
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00279-00095720-00096170 associates. Brown is wounded in the battle and
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00280-00096170-00096416 he's captured, and in short order,
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00281-00096416-00096676 he's convicted of treason, and he's ultimately
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00282-00096676-00097070 hanged. Between the time of the raid,
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00283-00097070-00097256 or when he's caught that is,
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00284-00097256-00097700 and his hanging, there's a trial. And during that
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00285-00097700-00098320 trial, John Brown becomes seen as a messianic hero
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00286-00098320-00098760 to many people. Frances Harper,
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00287-00098760-00099246 again, has a note sent to John Brown when he's in
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00288-00099246-00099590 prison that reads in part, and I'm quoting from it
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00289-00099590-00100030 here, "In the name of the young girl sold from the,
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00290-00100030-00100360 excuse me, In the name of the young girl sold from
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00291-00100360-00100740 the warm--warm clasp of a mother's arms to the
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00292-00100740-00100980 clutches of a libertine or profligate,
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00293-00100980-00101170 in the name of the slave mother,
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00294-00101170-00101440 her heart rocked to and fro by the agony of her
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00295-00101440-00101740 mournful separations, I thank you,
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00296-00101980-00102276 that you have been brave enough to reach out your
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00297-00102276-00102630 hands to the crushed and blighted of my race,
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00298-00102630-00103236 I thank you." Brown himself fanned the flames
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00299-00103236-00103640 of celebrity during the trial with long
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00300-00103640-00104270 soliloquies, all to no avail. He's going to be
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00301-00104270-00104646 hung. Some of his last famous--his famous last
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00302-00104646-00105290 words. He declares, "I believe that to have
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00303-00105290-00105709 interfered as I have done on behalf of this despised
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00304-00105709-00106346 poor, I did no wrong, but right." To the end,
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00305-00106346-00106616 he was quite certain his path,
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00306-00106616-00106980 armed resistance, was the solution to a country that
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00307-00106980-00107380 could not figure itself out on this issue,
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00308-00107380-00107600 whether it be a slave holding country,
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00309-00107600-00108200 non-slave holding country or some strange mix. John
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00310-00108400-00108659 Brown's raid in 1860, Abraham Lincoln's elected
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00311-00108659-00109209 in 1860. Simplifying a complicated story,
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00312-00109209-00109470 but essentially, the South has no electoral presence
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00313-00109470-00110226 in the election, and it felt that the Union was
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00314-00110226-00110706 doomed, and Southern states begin to secede.
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00315-00111009-00111800 April of 1861, the Civil War starts. Lincoln wants
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00316-00111800-00111980 to preserve the Union at all costs,
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00317-00111980-00112490 and tries from the very start to lure the South
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00318-00112490-00113036 back in with a plan of compensated emancipation.
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00319-00113036-00113446 Essentially, "We'll pay for your slaves. You
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00320-00113446-00113966 emancipate them, we give you some money." Many
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00321-00113966-00114190 people in the North balk at this idea. This is
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00322-00114190-00114626 crazy. And the South completely refuses.
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00323-00114959-00115350 Lincoln tries to develop a colonization plan to move
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00324-00115350-00115740 blacks to Latin America. Now this is part of a
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00325-00115740-00116050 longer tradition. Lincoln didn't just create an idea
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00326-00116050-00116440 of like solving the race problem by getting rid of
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00327-00116440-00116776 the race. This has been going back to this point
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00328-00116776-00117159 through colonization societies,
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00329-00117159-00117316 thirty, forty, fifty years,
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00330-00117316-00117490 and then in terms of individual ideas,
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00331-00117490-00117809 much longer. But Lincoln thinks,
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00332-00117809-00118040 "Well this is a solution. We've got a problem with
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00333-00118040-00118309 slaves. Slaves were black in this country." There's
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00334-00118309-00118420 also Native American slaves,
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00335-00118420-00118550 but a much smaller population. "We'll just
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00336-00118550-00118880 move them." That plan doesn't work out either.
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00337-00119109-00119430 Now Lincoln has an evolutionary viewpoint
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00338-00119430-00119930 when it comes to slavery, in terms of its role in
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00339-00119930-00120440 society, pragmatically, how it affected the Union,
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00340-00120440-00120670 the sustainability of the Union,
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00341-00120670-00120830 or the possibility of reconciliation of the
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00342-00120830-00121306 Union. He doesn't support slavery,
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00343-00121306-00121576 but he could not find a way to eliminate it,
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00344-00121576-00121840 and try to preserve or reconcile the Union.
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00345-00122070-00122290 Political and pragmatic pressures finally force
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00346-00122290-00122720 his hand. Congress had already begun to chip away
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00347-00122720-00122956 at slavery by refusing to allow captured slaves to
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00348-00122956-00123556 be returned to their bonded status. And with
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00349-00123759-00123946 just a little over a year after the Civil War
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00350-00123946-00124140 begins, Lincoln essentially throws up his
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00351-00124140-00124409 hands. He goes, "There's really no--there's no way
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00352-00124409-00124780 to solve this problem," and decides that
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00353-00124780-00125159 emancipation is going to be the solution. How are
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00354-00125159-00125466 we going to do it? What's it going to look like? By
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00355-00125466-00125680 the end of the year, he's drawn up the plans and
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00356-00125680-00125940 enunciated the policy and on January 1st,
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00357-00125940-00126290 1863, the Emancipation Proclamation takes
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00358-00126290-00126859 effect. Now the proclamation is a
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00359-00126859-00127506 fascinating document. It's compromised,
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00360-00127506-00127890 as most political things are. It's a manifestation
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00361-00127890-00128150 of compromise and it declares that the slave
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00362-00128150-00128509 population in any state that's still in rebellion
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00363-00128509-00128790 against the United States on January 1863--slave
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00364-00128790-00129116 populations in those states that are in
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00365-00129116-00129346 rebellion against the federal government,
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00366-00129346-00129636 against the United States, at that moment would
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00367-00129636-00130236 become free. Now what does this mean? It means,
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00368-00130640-00131110 curiously, not much in a practical sense. If
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00369-00131110-00131630 you're in South Carolina, you own slaves. Your
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00370-00131630-00132246 state had seceded from the union. Lincoln says on
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00371-00132246-00132446 January 1863, "You don't own those slaves
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00372-00132446-00132686 anymore." Well, if you're in South Carolina,
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00373-00132686-00132940 you don't care what Lincoln says. You still
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00374-00132940-00133380 own your slaves. In Maryland though,
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00375-00133380-00133660 which sided with the Union,
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00376-00133660-00133870 if I had a plantation that owned slaves and I was in
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00377-00133870-00134080 Maryland, my state is not in rebellion against the
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00378-00134080-00134506 U.S., I still own my slaves. Now slavery in
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00379-00134506-00134760 Maryland is different from slavery in South Carolina
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00380-00134760-00135110 on the level of type of slavery and also scale of
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00381-00135110-00135530 it. So in terms of literally freeing people,
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00382-00135530-00135966 the Emancipation Proclamation doesn't. It
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00383-00135966-00136256 is still one of the most important documents in the
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00384-00136256-00136536 history of the United States,
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00385-00136536-00136686 because when you think of politics,
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00386-00136686-00136876 there's the literal effects and there's the
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00387-00136876-00137266 philosophical or cultural, symbolic effects. You
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00388-00137266-00137536 think of the Emancipation Proclamation in that way,
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00389-00137536-00138136 it is an astonishing document. The Civil War,
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00390-00138610-00139090 the debates go on to this day. The Civil War,
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00391-00139090-00139310 was it a war about slavery? Was it a war
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00392-00139310-00139480 about just different economic systems? Was it
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00393-00139480-00139720 a war about political philosophy? And people
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00394-00139720-00139930 still argue themselves blue in the face. But
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00395-00139930-00140186 what is clear is that at the moment of the
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00396-00140186-00140640 Emancipation Proclamation, the Civil War does become
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00397-00140640-00140910 about slavery. Even if you were fighting it for
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00398-00140910-00141266 some other reason, the stakes are very real,
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00399-00141266-00141500 that if the North wins, if the Union wins,
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00400-00141500-00141710 slavery will be abolished from the United States.
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00401-00142440-00142660 Now let's head towards these last sort of twenty
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00402-00142660-00142990 minutes of the lecture. We're going to stick north
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00403-00142990-00143680 for a while here. Now the war is about slavery,
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00404-00143680-00143990 at least in this sort of cultural politics of the
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00405-00143990-00144556 moment. It's a miserable war. The South and the
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00406-00144556-00144730 North are beating themselves up to a pulp
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00407-00144730-00144996 certainly, and Lincoln faces a problem. The
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00408-00144996-00145150 Union troops face a problem. They don't have
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00409-00145150-00145580 enough people. And as we head through the winter of
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00410-00145580-00146100 1863, Lincoln decides he has to try to find a way
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00411-00146100-00146320 to raise the number of troops that are available
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00412-00146320-00146560 to fight in these wars--in this war,
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00413-00146806-00147166 and you had the Conscription Acts being
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00414-00147166-00147510 passed, and they're going to take effect in March of
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00415-00147510-00147706 1863. And what the Conscription Acts say is
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00416-00147706-00148020 that there's mandatory military service for men
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00417-00148020-00148270 who are between age twenty and forty-five unless--and
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00418-00148270-00148770 there always seems to be an unless when it comes to
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00419-00148770-00149100 conscription--unless they happen to have three
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00420-00149100-00149390 hundred dollars on them. If you had three hundred
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00421-00149390-00149550 dollars, you could buy yourself an exemption.
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00422-00149550-00149856 There's a long history of that in this country,
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00423-00149856-00150090 and many other places. The history is still with
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00424-00150090-00150350 us today. Political leaders bought their
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00425-00150350-00150500 exemption. It's called--you know it's
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00426-00150500-00150690 called, "Daddy's a powerful political
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00427-00150690-00151066 figure. I will not go to war." Conscription Acts
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00428-00151066-00151310 of March 1863 said if you were between twenty and
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00429-00151310-00151560 forty-five, and you were a man,
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00430-00151560-00151886 you had to serve, unless you could find three
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00431-00151886-00152080 hundred dollars. Well, three hundred dollars is a
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00432-00152080-00152680 huge sum of money, 1863, so no surprise the wealthy
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00433-00153060-00153506 gave their money, and they were exempt. Most of the
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00434-00153506-00153840 country wasn't wealthy. This was a way to raise
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00435-00153840-00154200 troops and also raise money. They needed both.
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00436-00154560-00154990 There was an unintended effect. I don't think you
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00437-00154990-00155090 would have been a surprise,
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00438-00155090-00155310 but it was an unintended effect. It exacerbated
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00439-00155310-00155590 class tensions within the country,
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00440-00155590-00156050 within the Union, I should say. So as you're heading
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00441-00156050-00156420 into spring of 1863, the battle is still going on.
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00442-00156420-00156746 Young men are dying left and right. The war,
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00443-00156746-00157040 what is this war about really? Who is it for?
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00444-00157040-00157640 It's about emancipating these black slaves. And
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00445-00157640-00158020 you head into March and you had these Conscription
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00446-00158020-00158270 Acts taking place. "Now I have no choice but to
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00447-00158270-00158930 go." Then you head into the summer and these
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00448-00158930-00159286 tensions, wondering what the war is about,
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00449-00159286-00159520 not having the resources to get out of risking
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00450-00159520-00159866 one's life, for something you're not sure if you
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00451-00159866-00160490 even believe in. Class tensions exacerbated. In
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00452-00160490-00161106 New York City, all of these different tensions
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00453-00161106-00161626 combine and essentially combust. What's going on
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00454-00161626-00162060 in New York in particular? In addition to those
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00455-00162060-00162220 things I just mentioned, in New York,
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00456-00162220-00162596 there are labor tensions. Really dramatic labor
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00457-00162596-00163116 tensions. The Irish immigrant population
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00458-00163116-00163620 treated horribly for quite some time. The Irish
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00459-00163620-00164160 control the docks. The Irish are already
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00460-00164160-00164780 struggling with local blacks for that bottom
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00461-00164780-00165240 rung on the ladder. Who's going to have a chance to
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00462-00165240-00165400 get a purchase on that bottom rung and to start
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00463-00165400-00165730 to pull themselves up? And the Irish dock workers
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00464-00165730-00165950 control this--these important ports in New
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00465-00165950-00166326 York City. Horrible, dirty,
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00466-00166326-00166656 messy, dangerous job, but we're not going to let
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00467-00166656-00167090 blacks take this job. So there's tensions in labor
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00468-00167090-00167440 ranks in terms of who can actually be the laborer to
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00469-00167440-00167640 start to pull themselves up by their bootstraps.
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00470-00167840-00168426 There is a fear adding to this labor tension,
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00471-00168426-00168730 has an ethnic and racial aspect to it--there's a
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00472-00168730-00169170 fear now that since January of 1863,
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00473-00169170-00169410 since Lincoln freed the slaves,
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00474-00169410-00169740 these slaves are going to end up in New York City.
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00475-00169740-00169840 How they're going to get there is,
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00476-00169840-00170090 you know, another issue, but there's going to be a
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00477-00170090-00170336 fear--there's a fear of a flood of emancipated
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00478-00170336-00170830 blacks coming up to New York to find work. And
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00479-00170830-00171096 let's face it, these folks had nothing. They'll take
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00480-00171096-00171410 any job, was the expectation. And so the
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00481-00171410-00171820 Irish dock workers felt even further antagonized
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00482-00171820-00172210 by the fact of job insecurity and the fact
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00483-00172210-00172490 that this other, these black folks,
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00484-00172490-00173090 were going to take their jobs. Now as I said
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00485-00173420-00173616 before, the Irish, many of them are brand new to this
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00486-00173616-00173890 country. They're scrambling to secure their
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00487-00173890-00174280 own place as citizens in this country. Looked down
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00488-00174280-00174730 upon, treated terribly by other groups. And they
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00489-00174730-00174976 believed, aside from wanting to keep these
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00490-00174976-00175600 jobs, that their claim to citizenship rested in part
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00491-00175600-00176026 at least upon the fact that they were not black.
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00492-00176026-00176340 This is a very important point. It's not that it's
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00493-00176340-00176920 just about a job, but about belonging. Irish
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00494-00176920-00177130 treated--like there'd be signs in the stores,
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00495-00177130-00177636 "No Irish or dogs allowed in." Blacks already
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00496-00177636-00178010 weren't allowed in. No Irish or dogs. The Irish
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00497-00178010-00178410 were treated horribly, and so they realized,
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00498-00178410-00178720 as long as they are not like that person,
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00499-00178720-00178820 those people--"that person,
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00500-00178820-00179370 "those people" being black. Having been
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00501-00179370-00179580 emancipated, whether they were actually ever a slave
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00502-00179580-00179880 or not, they are--they are tarred in a sense with
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00503-00179880-00180150 that same label, from an enslaved people--people
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00504-00180396-00180720 who weren't citizens in many people's minds. The
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00505-00180720-00181010 Irish workers say, "Well, at least I'm not that,
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00506-00181010-00181656 so I'm moving up the ladder." So you take
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00507-00181656-00181926 emancipation, you take the Conscription Acts,
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00508-00181926-00182070 which are certainly affecting the Irish more
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00509-00182070-00182300 than any other population in New York City,
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00510-00182300-00182580 you take the fear of emancipated blacks coming
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00511-00182580-00182810 up and taking jobs away from the Irish dock
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00512-00182810-00183140 workers, and it makes it plain that the Irish now
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00513-00183140-00183530 feel incredibly compromised. Everything
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00514-00183530-00183720 they had fought for might be in danger of slipping
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00515-00183720-00184220 away. Their freedom, as I mentioned when talking
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00516-00184220-00184580 about John Jack and citizens of Concord in
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00517-00184580-00185110 1773, Irish workers' freedom was incumbent upon
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00518-00185110-00185710 blacks' slavery. They're intertwined. Now we're
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00519-00185966-00186250 into July of 1863, after setting all this stage.
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00520-00186610-00186806 On July 11th, a first lottery is held for
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00521-00186806-00187170 conscription. So we've had this plan,
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00522-00187170-00187646 now we're going to make it real. And within two
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00523-00187646-00188130 days, mayhem ensues. Now New York is a port city.
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00524-00188130-00188436 So aside from having the dock workers unloading
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00525-00188436-00188550 material goods and products,
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00526-00188550-00188786 or loading them onto these ships,
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00527-00188786-00188956 you have troops that are being rallied from
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00528-00188956-00189160 different places in the Northeast that are coming
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00529-00189160-00189486 down to New York City, or they're leaving from New
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00530-00189486-00189910 York to head further south into the military battles,
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00531-00189910-00190280 into military stages, scenes. And so there's
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00532-00190280-00190630 all this tension around the military being there.
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00533-00190630-00190840 And now, with the Conscription Acts really
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00534-00190840-00191010 becoming--well becoming real,
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00535-00191010-00191390 people are going to be forced to don the
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00536-00191390-00192000 uniform. Several days of rioting begin. The
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00537-00192000-00192250 military command--commandant of the
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00538-00192250-00192800 region, anything embodying military,
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00539-00192800-00193000 or suggesting police control,
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00540-00193190-00193780 is targeted. So the commandant is sought out.
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00541-00193780-00194150 Soldiers are sought out, police are sought out.
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00542-00194150-00194480 They're targeted by these gangs,
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00543-00194480-00194950 largely ethnic gangs, largely Irish gangs.
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00544-00194950-00195330 They're the ones who felt most at threat. And these
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00545-00195330-00195890 gangs also targeted blacks. The call went out
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00546-00195890-00196170 from the commandant, "We need more troops." Now it
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00547-00196170-00196426 takes a couple of days, during 1863,
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00548-00196426-00196790 to get people there. After a few days,
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00549-00196790-00197106 military troops are brought in to the city to
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00550-00197106-00197600 restore calm. When the dust has settled,
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00551-00197600-00197836 as many as a thousand people are dead during
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00552-00197836-00198440 these riots. Anybody from New York City? There's
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00553-00198440-00198656 got to be a couple of people here. Well,
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00554-00198656-00198950 think of these places: on the West Side,
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00555-00198950-00199216 Twenty-Seventh and Seventh Avenue,
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00556-00199216-00199560 West Thirty-Third Street, Thirty-Seventh and Seventh
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00557-00199560-00199840 Avenue. On the East Side, Thirty-Fourth and East
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00558-00199840-00200166 River--a very specific street--address,
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00559-00200166-00200466 One Hundred Forty-Seven East Twenty-Eighth
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00560-00200466-00200640 Street. All of these sites that you
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00561-00200640-00200810 have--you've walked around them,
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00562-00200810-00201280 I know you have, these are sites of lynchings in New
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00563-00201280-00201490 York City. We're not talking about gangs
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00564-00201490-00201820 throwing rocks and beating each other up. We are
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00565-00201820-00202100 talking about lynchings, in addition to that as
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00566-00202100-00202810 well, I should say. In total,
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00567-00202810-00203150 eleven people are lynched during the several days of
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00568-00203150-00203570 riots. A few examples: Joseph Reed,
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00569-00203860-00204240 separated from his mother and grandmother,
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00570-00204240-00204520 he's beaten to death. He's seven years old.
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00571-00204926-00205119 William Williams, a sailor,
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00572-00205119-00205246 assaulted by the longshoremen,
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00573-00205246-00205469 the dock workers, when he asked for directions,
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00574-00205469-00205866 not knowing this riot is happening. Someone picks
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00575-00205866-00206390 up a cobblestone, hurls the stone at him. Someone
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00576-00206390-00206740 else stabs him. The crowd cheers,
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00577-00206740-00207156 and they start chanting--And I'm sorry to
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00578-00207156-00207286 use the language but you'll be hearing it
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00579-00207286-00207410 several different times in the course,
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00580-00207410-00207650 but this is just the history of it all--start
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00581-00207650-00207856 chanting, "Don't hire niggers! Don't hire
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00582-00207856-00208380 niggers!" Labor and class all intertwined,
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00583-00208380-00208730 certainly citizenship as well. The Colored
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00584-00208730-00209116 Orphanage, a very large building there to take
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00585-00209116-00209250 care of abandoned children,
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00586-00209250-00209850 the crowd sees this place as a site of threat--I
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00587-00210230-00210450 guess you'd say it's threat,
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00588-00210450-00210660 but something given to blacks that the Irish
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00589-00210660-00210900 didn't have the benefit of. And they decide
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00590-00210900-00211230 they're going to set the orphanage on fire.
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00591-00211230-00211510 Thankfully, word gets to the orphanage in time,
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00592-00211510-00211740 and they were able to escape out the back as the
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00593-00211740-00212016 building is torched. So the Colored Orphanage is
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00594-00212016-00212519 burned to the ground. One story is particularly
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00595-00212519-00212926 illustrative, not a happy story of course. On the
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00596-00212926-00213246 third day of riots, Abraham Franklin,
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00597-00213246-00213760 a disabled black coachman, and his sister Henrietta,
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00598-00213760-00213940 were pulled out of their boarding room. Now
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00599-00213940-00214160 there's one thing I forgot to mention that's
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00600-00214160-00214480 important, thinking about this particular setting.
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00601-00214480-00214706 Blacks and Irish were sort of--were at each others'
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00602-00214706-00214950 throats through this process,
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00603-00214950-00215230 but they're living in the same areas. They're
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00604-00215230-00215540 interacting all the time, and that's what makes this
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00605-00215540-00215880 story that much more horrific in a sense. Many
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00606-00215880-00216100 Irish--I don't want to paint entire groups--many
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00607-00216100-00216450 Irish and blacks got along perfectly fine,
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00608-00216450-00216676 and certainly commingled in every way that you can
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00609-00216676-00216986 imagine that word being used,
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00610-00216986-00217160 happily, passionately, or angrily,
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00611-00217160-00217426 you name it. But they were living in the--these
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00612-00217426-00217640 were their own neighborhoods. Abraham
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00613-00217640-00217860 Franklin and his sister Henrietta are pulled out
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00614-00217860-00218319 of their boarding room. Henrietta is beaten while
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00615-00218319-00218780 Abraham is hanged. Federal troops,
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00616-00218780-00218980 who are now coming into the city trying to quell
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00617-00218980-00219180 the riot as it moves to different places,
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00618-00219180-00219600 federal troops arrive, and they cut down his body.
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00619-00219600-00219969 It's too late to save his life. Troops break up the
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00620-00219969-00220280 crowd and then disperse, heading off to another
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00621-00220280-00220780 flashpoint. The rioting crowd re-hangs the body,
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00622-00220780-00221390 and they start chanting. Just as you had William
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00623-00221390-00221690 Williams being murdered to chants of "Don't hire
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00624-00221690-00222040 niggers," inflammatory declaration,
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00625-00222040-00222160 in Abraham Franklin's case,
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00626-00222160-00222490 you have chants coming out from the crowd,
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00627-00222490-00222726 inflammatory in a different way. They
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00628-00222726-00223080 re-hang his body to chants of "Jeff Davis! Jeff
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00629-00223080-00223419 Davis" What does this mean? They're praising
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00630-00223419-00223710 the president of the Confederacy,
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00631-00223710-00224350 Jefferson Davis. So you have Irish workers,
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00632-00224350-00224590 living with other African Americans certainly,
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00633-00224590-00224790 feeling threatened that their citizenship is at
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00634-00224790-00225040 stake, deciding to take our their threat--and
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00635-00225040-00225180 feeling they might be conscripted into the
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00636-00225180-00225450 military, likely would be--they decide to take
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00637-00225450-00225919 out their anxiety, fears, and anger on the Colored
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00638-00225919-00226160 Orphanage, on seven year old boys,
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00639-00226160-00226919 on sailors, on disabled black coachmen. And
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00640-00226919-00227180 they're going to honor the idea of keeping people out
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00641-00227180-00227569 of unions. "Don't hire niggers." And they're
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00642-00227569-00227846 going to honor, curiously, the presidency of the
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00643-00227846-00228296 Confederacy--president of the Confederacy. So
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00644-00228296-00228510 Abraham Franklin is hung, body cut down. He's
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00645-00228510-00228990 re-hung--re-hanged, excuse me--and then later on,
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00646-00228990-00229200 after the crowd disperses to do something else,
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00647-00229200-00229619 somewhere else, a sixteen-year old Irish
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00648-00229619-00230130 butcher cuts down Franklin. Maybe his body
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00649-00230130-00230626 will finally be put to rest. No,
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00650-00230626-00230950 in fact the butcher decides to drag his body
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00651-00230950-00231290 through the streets as a trophy,
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00652-00231290-00231716 in so doing, I claim, marking his own claim to
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00653-00231716-00232100 citizenship on the dead body of a black--of a
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00654-00232100-00232430 crippled black man. Now what's the point of all
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00655-00232430-00232810 this narrative? The point of this is that we can see
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00656-00232810-00233150 in the crucible of the Civil War a very clear
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00657-00233150-00233410 picture of what it means to be a citizen and what
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00658-00233410-00233776 it means to be American. A foundational question
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00659-00233776-00233969 for this class, as I mentioned in Monday's
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00660-00233969-00234350 lecture. Douglass questioned the sanctity of
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00661-00234350-00234660 July Fourth, that great cultural marker of
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00662-00234660-00234906 freedom. "Why would you bring me here,
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00663-00234906-00235319 representing a people who only know slavery?"
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00664-00235540-00235790 Harper, the poet and journalist,
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00665-00235790-00236119 activist, makes clear how blind people were to the
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00666-00236119-00236419 psychological anguish of slavery,
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00667-00236419-00236640 children being torn from their mothers' breasts.
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00668-00236886-00237190 The Dred Scott case is explicitly about who could
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00669-00237190-00237440 be a citizen of the United States. Taney didn't
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00670-00237440-00237719 think any slave could be a citizen. They're too
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00671-00237719-00238180 inferior and they're property. The political
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00672-00238180-00238330 turns made out of necessity,
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00673-00238330-00238430 and this is very important,
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00674-00238430-00238776 made out of necessity in the Civil War,
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00675-00238776-00239076 made it absolutely plain to people like Abraham
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00676-00239076-00239280 Lincoln, who starts to decide to change these
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00677-00239280-00239630 policies; made it absolutely plain that
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00678-00239630-00240106 citizenship was going to be linked to freedom,
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00679-00240106-00240480 and that freedom was linked to race. The
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00680-00240480-00240886 connection is certainly there in terms of social,
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00681-00240886-00241200 cultural forums. It's there in political
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00682-00241200-00241956 forums. It is tangible. As soon as he signs into
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00683-00241956-00242119 being the Emancipation Proclamation,
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00684-00242119-00242386 and in the fallout through the Conscription Acts and
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00685-00242386-00242560 the New York City draft riots,
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00686-00242560-00243060 it is real. Citizenship is linked to freedom;
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00687-00243060-00243530 freedom is linked to race. The tensions
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00688-00243530-00243906 between all of these linkages are made really
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00689-00243906-00244256 quite perfectly clear by those people who are
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00690-00244256-00244519 rioting in New York City. And,
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00691-00244519-00244819 I really think, made abundantly clear when
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00692-00244819-00244969 Abraham Franklin was dragged through the
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00693-00244969-00245419 streets of New York by his genitals. Thank you very
+7bcJzzbC0Gu-00694-00245419-00245619 much. I'll see you on Friday.
+7c2MxPrxxH8-00000-00000437-00001149 hello friends myself dr Nietzsche data and today in this lesson we will discuss
+7c2MxPrxxH8-00001-00001149-00001764 the teaching learning material there is a saying probably you have heard that I
+7c2MxPrxxH8-00002-00001764-00002541 hear I forget I see I remember but I do I understand they remember 20% of what
+7c2MxPrxxH8-00003-00002541-00003446 we hear 30% of what we see 50% of what we see and hear but we remember 90% of
+7c2MxPrxxH8-00004-00003446-00004218 what we do after this listen you will be able to define TLM teaching learning
+7c2MxPrxxH8-00005-00004218-00004737 material you will be able to categorize TLM you will be able to distinguish
+7c2MxPrxxH8-00006-00004737-00005280 between audio visual and audio visible teaching learning material you will be
+7c2MxPrxxH8-00007-00005280-00005967 able to distinguish between projected non projected and experiential PLM first
+7c2MxPrxxH8-00008-00005967-00006720 of all we will discuss that what is dlm any object or material that is used to
+7c2MxPrxxH8-00009-00006720-00007368 facilitate learning and teaching process can be considered as a teaching learning
+7c2MxPrxxH8-00010-00007368-00007977 material in a very simple words to make the learning effective when the teacher
+7c2MxPrxxH8-00011-00007977-00008597 uses certain materials to make the concepts clear in a very simpler manner
+7c2MxPrxxH8-00012-00008597-00009272 that is the TLM by using TLM in teaching learning process learning effectiveness
+7c2MxPrxxH8-00013-00009272-00009947 can be increased can be enhanced by the theorem there are certain categories of
+7c2MxPrxxH8-00014-00009947-00010509 TLM famous educationist Edward Dale has given a very unique classification of
+7c2MxPrxxH8-00015-00010509-00011052 audio-visual aids through corn off experience see this is the cone of
+7c2MxPrxxH8-00016-00011052-00011604 experience on the top the text and verbal symbols and pictures and visual
+7c2MxPrxxH8-00017-00011604-00012270 symbols are there in the initially I told you that whatever we see we
+7c2MxPrxxH8-00018-00012270-00012900 remember only 20% and gradually when we increase in learning by doing then 90%
+7c2MxPrxxH8-00019-00012900-00013260 of the learning takes place and we can observe
+7c2MxPrxxH8-00020-00013260-00013869 is through the cone of experience there are certain methods certain talents are
+7c2MxPrxxH8-00021-00013869-00014481 mentioned here text verbal symbols picture visual symbols audio recordings
+7c2MxPrxxH8-00022-00014481-00015300 and photos motion pictures exhibits field trips demonstrations dramatized
+7c2MxPrxxH8-00023-00015300-00015824 experiences contrived experiences and direct and per square peaceful
+7c2MxPrxxH8-00024-00015824-00016530 experiences from cognitive skills to psychomotor skills all can be developed
+7c2MxPrxxH8-00025-00016530-00017166 through this by using the CRM what are the real objects the students get
+7c2MxPrxxH8-00026-00017166-00017802 first-hand experiences by directly using real objects persons and events around
+7c2MxPrxxH8-00027-00017802-00018297 them the teachers should try to show the real objects through the student while
+7c2MxPrxxH8-00028-00018297-00018762 teaching so they can get the direct experience of the objects of the concept
+7c2MxPrxxH8-00029-00018762-00019326 they are expected to learn if the teacher is simply saying and saying that
+7c2MxPrxxH8-00030-00019326-00019764 this happens is this this looks like this this looks like that I think
+7c2MxPrxxH8-00031-00019764-00020265 concepts cannot be made clear but if the teacher is teaching the concept of
+7c2MxPrxxH8-00032-00020265-00020904 mineral suppose minerals grains soil whatever the soil whichever the soil is
+7c2MxPrxxH8-00033-00020904-00021435 easily available in your local environment you can show them so that
+7c2MxPrxxH8-00034-00021435-00021915 they can observe those soil those minerals those grains which are easily
+7c2MxPrxxH8-00035-00021915-00022455 available at home and Mendel's many types of minerals are available at home
+7c2MxPrxxH8-00036-00022455-00023336 only so this can be shown by the teacher so this will be the real experiences
+7c2MxPrxxH8-00037-00023336-00024099 touch by hand experience for the student in subjects like science and Social
+7c2MxPrxxH8-00038-00024099-00024747 Sciences many direct experiences can be given to the student for understanding
+7c2MxPrxxH8-00039-00024747-00025326 the difficult concept in a effective manner when the students learn the
+7c2MxPrxxH8-00040-00025326-00025979 concepts and feel that thing it becomes more effective children can get direct
+7c2MxPrxxH8-00041-00025979-00026355 experience existing in their surroundings like observing they can
+7c2MxPrxxH8-00042-00026355-00026637 watch real flowers not only in the pictures
+7c2MxPrxxH8-00043-00026637-00027000 elitist verbally saying that flowers looks like this and that they can show
+7c2MxPrxxH8-00044-00027000-00027582 the real flowers also they can observe the leaves relays actual leaves and they
+7c2MxPrxxH8-00045-00027582-00028302 can observe the plan sure big trees on their by their own experiences insects
+7c2MxPrxxH8-00046-00028302-00028752 many type of insects was found in and around our surroundings so they can
+7c2MxPrxxH8-00047-00028752-00029235 observe those insects teacher can take a walk in the forest or in a garden and
+7c2MxPrxxH8-00048-00029235-00029826 collect useful Forest Products visiting different organizations like suppose you
+7c2MxPrxxH8-00049-00029826-00030347 are teaching panchayat system whatever is written in the textbook it cannot be
+7c2MxPrxxH8-00050-00030347-00030983 effective until endless student does not visit the original bank or panchayat or
+7c2MxPrxxH8-00051-00030983-00031485 post office whatever is this whenever it is feasible the students can take a
+7c2MxPrxxH8-00052-00031485-00032037 visit can take a walk up to the bank post office and they can observe their
+7c2MxPrxxH8-00053-00032037-00032606 functioning suppose in the mass the teacher wants to make the concept clear
+7c2MxPrxxH8-00054-00032606-00033359 regarding the shifts in the classroom itself there are many things we can show
+7c2MxPrxxH8-00055-00033359-00034076 them to make their concepts clear suppose a duster is there duster it is
+7c2MxPrxxH8-00056-00034076-00034740 rectangular in shape the teacher can show the shape whichever is available in
+7c2MxPrxxH8-00057-00034740-00035436 the classroom and make the concepts here and if the he the teacher wants to make
+7c2MxPrxxH8-00058-00035436-00036003 the concept layer of circle anything teacher via bangle teacher can show the
+7c2MxPrxxH8-00059-00036003-00036846 bangle anybody viewers watch can the watch dial is a circle any any type of
+7c2MxPrxxH8-00060-00036846-00037478 example can be given in the classroom examples itself not from the outside
+7c2MxPrxxH8-00061-00037478-00038069 some TLM some teaching learning materials are prepared by the teacher
+7c2MxPrxxH8-00062-00038069-00039090 maps charts pictures models tries marbles to count for the calculation for
+7c2MxPrxxH8-00063-00039090-00039837 learning the tables and mathematical concepts colorist takes flashcards
+7c2MxPrxxH8-00064-00039837-00040222 number alphabet cars are examples of some of
+7c2MxPrxxH8-00065-00040222-00040855 the most common preparer TLM which is used by teachers teacher used teacher
+7c2MxPrxxH8-00066-00040855-00041395 prepares teaching aids to make the concept clear for classroom requirement
+7c2MxPrxxH8-00067-00041395-00041844 teacher acquired this material teacher gain these materials in two ways either
+7c2MxPrxxH8-00068-00041844-00042541 she can buy he or she can buy he/she can procure from it from the market or the
+7c2MxPrxxH8-00069-00042541-00043150 teacher can develop own or sometimes involving the students this type of
+7c2MxPrxxH8-00070-00043150-00043579 teaching learning material can be prepared some teaching materials is
+7c2MxPrxxH8-00071-00043579-00044470 procured from the market like maps globe which require accuracy because if you
+7c2MxPrxxH8-00072-00044470-00045079 prepare globe accuracy cannot be achieved so these type of materials you
+7c2MxPrxxH8-00073-00045079-00045730 can purchase from the market no need to develop your own now the teaching
+7c2MxPrxxH8-00074-00045730-00046374 learning material can be divided into three categories like audio visual and
+7c2MxPrxxH8-00075-00046374-00047035 audio visual audio means where the child where the learner can learn through
+7c2MxPrxxH8-00076-00047035-00047668 listening for example suppose we want to improve the pronunciation of children
+7c2MxPrxxH8-00077-00047668-00048223 then we can play the cassettes to correct the pronunciation of the
+7c2MxPrxxH8-00078-00048223-00048925 students and some dialogues some speeches can be played through cassette
+7c2MxPrxxH8-00079-00048925-00049906 and CD player radio is a very useful for audio teaching aid some information can
+7c2MxPrxxH8-00080-00049906-00050491 be given through audio materials and examples are radio broadcasts castles
+7c2MxPrxxH8-00081-00050491-00051160 and CD players etc another teaching learning material is visual visual means
+7c2MxPrxxH8-00082-00051160-00052045 learning through doing something as earlier I told you that we learn 20% of
+7c2MxPrxxH8-00083-00052045-00052840 what we hear but 30% of what we see naturally the learning increases
+7c2MxPrxxH8-00084-00052840-00053352 learning level increases when we see something
+7c2MxPrxxH8-00085-00053361-00054080 they said that a picture word picture is worth ten thousand words by seeing a
+7c2MxPrxxH8-00086-00054080-00054995 picture the retaining power of brain increases for examples we everybody
+7c2MxPrxxH8-00087-00054995-00055473 every time the students cannot go to the real places cannot get the real
+7c2MxPrxxH8-00088-00055473-00056199 experiences and cannot get the field experience suppose we want to show the
+7c2MxPrxxH8-00089-00056199-00056741 different shapes you want to do the mathematical concepts of the shapes it
+7c2MxPrxxH8-00090-00056741-00057466 is easily available in in and our surroundings table rectangular it can be
+7c2MxPrxxH8-00091-00057466-00058604 square mirror dice decks students cheer and so on many many examples can be
+7c2MxPrxxH8-00092-00058604-00059507 given in classroom through the pictures we can teach the shapes by making this
+7c2MxPrxxH8-00093-00059507-00060179 type of cutting the food in different shapes watermelon is cut into the
+7c2MxPrxxH8-00094-00060179-00060733 triangle shape orange and Kiwi in different shapes so these type of
+7c2MxPrxxH8-00095-00060733-00061337 concepts can be taught to the students by through the pictures and
+7c2MxPrxxH8-00096-00061337-00062132 visualization becomes more effective than hearing suppose we want to show
+7c2MxPrxxH8-00097-00062132-00062864 some monuments this is Gateway of India we want to make them recognize the
+7c2MxPrxxH8-00098-00062864-00063291 Gateway of India so every time we cannot go to the Bombay we cannot go to the
+7c2MxPrxxH8-00099-00063291-00063900 Mumbai to see the Gateway of India so through picture students can see how
+7c2MxPrxxH8-00100-00063900-00064461 it looks like like India Gate the students who are far away from Delhi
+7c2MxPrxxH8-00101-00064461-00065085 students who are residing in rural area they can see the picture of India gate
+7c2MxPrxxH8-00102-00065085-00065814 and wherever they see in reality they can recall that this is India gate
+7c2MxPrxxH8-00103-00065814-00066494 similarly in science we want to teach the concept of water cycle through by
+7c2MxPrxxH8-00104-00066494-00066756 making the diagram either in the black bow
+7c2MxPrxxH8-00105-00066756-00067301 or in the chart the teacher can mint the concepts clear to how operation take
+7c2MxPrxxH8-00106-00067301-00068075 face then condensation and then precipitation and how in this way the
+7c2MxPrxxH8-00107-00068075-00068835 whole water cycle comes through the picture consists can be made clear in a
+7c2MxPrxxH8-00108-00068835-00069344 very easy manner and in a simpler manner and the students can grasp it in a very
+7c2MxPrxxH8-00109-00069344-00070023 easy way now next is the audiovisual learning through both where the audio is
+7c2MxPrxxH8-00110-00070023-00070941 also included and the visual is also included this time by using the ICT ICT
+7c2MxPrxxH8-00111-00070941-00071477 what is ICT information and communication technology both it both
+7c2MxPrxxH8-00112-00071477-00072032 the senses are included the students are listening one can listen and when can
+7c2MxPrxxH8-00113-00072032-00072920 view also TV when you watch something it leaves a great impact and long lasting
+7c2MxPrxxH8-00114-00072920-00073680 impact basically so through TV watching films educational films and computer
+7c2MxPrxxH8-00115-00073680-00074450 assisted instruction teacher can enhance the learning capability of the students
+7c2MxPrxxH8-00116-00074450-00075289 and can remove the boredom of the classroom now another category of TLM is
+7c2MxPrxxH8-00117-00075289-00075942 projected non projected and experiential projected means which is casted on the
+7c2MxPrxxH8-00118-00075942-00076505 screen and non rejected which cannot be casted on a screen in projected devices
+7c2MxPrxxH8-00119-00076505-00077061 OHP overhead projector many things we want to suppose a picture is a very
+7c2MxPrxxH8-00120-00077061-00077732 small in your notebook or in your book and you get a very small picture from
+7c2MxPrxxH8-00121-00077732-00078367 somewhere and you want to you want to make it enlarged so through HP you can
+7c2MxPrxxH8-00122-00078367-00079481 show the picture in a large manner to the students through LCD projector you
+7c2MxPrxxH8-00123-00079481-00080130 can give important information through LCD projector these days is
+7c2MxPrxxH8-00124-00080130-00080919 our classrooms are in the schools and many many concepts even biological
+7c2MxPrxxH8-00125-00080919-00081516 concepts physics chemistry social science many concepts are made clear
+7c2MxPrxxH8-00126-00081516-00082374 through LCD projector and small documentary films so that students can
+7c2MxPrxxH8-00127-00082374-00082887 learn in a better way next is the non projected which cannot
+7c2MxPrxxH8-00128-00082887-00083568 be casted on the screen like chalkboard on a simple chalk with the help of a
+7c2MxPrxxH8-00129-00083568-00084093 simple chalk the teacher can do the wonders in the classroom bulletin boards
+7c2MxPrxxH8-00130-00084093-00084486 there are different type of bulletin boards where the in pomp important
+7c2MxPrxxH8-00131-00084486-00085037 information can be displayed and the students can get a lot of knowledge
+7c2MxPrxxH8-00132-00085037-00085787 globes ropes can be prepared earlier I told you that there are two types of
+7c2MxPrxxH8-00133-00085787-00086355 teaching learning material which is one is Precure from the market and another
+7c2MxPrxxH8-00134-00086355-00086914 is which the teacher makes himself or herself but Globes and maps are
+7c2MxPrxxH8-00135-00086914-00087581 something very accurate type of teaching material which which needs accuracy and
+7c2MxPrxxH8-00136-00087581-00088244 this cannot be achieved by making it at home or by making by the students so
+7c2MxPrxxH8-00137-00088244-00089126 grossss charts etc these are the non rejected teaching learning material and
+7c2MxPrxxH8-00138-00089126-00089970 one is experiencial it means based on your personal experiences you have seen
+7c2MxPrxxH8-00139-00089970-00090768 the picture of Gateway of India you have seen the picture of India Gate but
+7c2MxPrxxH8-00140-00090768-00091605 whenever you go to Delhi or Mumbai then you see the real image of India gate or
+7c2MxPrxxH8-00141-00091605-00092076 gate fear of India or Taj Mahal or any any other monument immediately you
+7c2MxPrxxH8-00142-00092076-00092604 recall that picture and you remember that yes I have seen it in the picture
+7c2MxPrxxH8-00143-00092604-00093117 now this is your real so field trip and educational excursion gives a long
+7c2MxPrxxH8-00144-00093117-00093510 lasting effect and increase your knowledge and
+7c2MxPrxxH8-00145-00093510-00093942 that is your personal experience that is your on-the-ground experience which you
+7c2MxPrxxH8-00146-00093942-00094488 gained through field trips and educational excursions so at Philly
+7c2MxPrxxH8-00147-00094488-00095064 trips are very very important as a JLM with every every concept every time we
+7c2MxPrxxH8-00148-00095064-00095460 cannot go to the field trips every time we cannot go to the educational
+7c2MxPrxxH8-00149-00095460-00096131 excursion so there are different types of teaching learning material when and
+7c2MxPrxxH8-00150-00096131-00096915 where and how it is used it depends on the circumstances it depends on the
+7c2MxPrxxH8-00151-00096915-00097368 concepts it depends on the classroom situation as per the classroom
+7c2MxPrxxH8-00152-00097368-00097886 situations as per the need of the students as for the feasibility the
+7c2MxPrxxH8-00153-00097886-00098658 teacher can use different types of teaching learning materials to make his
+7c2MxPrxxH8-00154-00098658-00099450 or her learning effective and more more interesting and learning can be very
+7c2MxPrxxH8-00155-00099450-00100077 very interesting as we know that our senses are the gateways of learning from
+7c2MxPrxxH8-00156-00100077-00100740 variable on we learn by seeing we learn by hearing we learn by touching we learn
+7c2MxPrxxH8-00157-00100740-00101463 by tasting and v v something smell and we can say that this is sore and this is
+7c2MxPrxxH8-00158-00101463-00101844 something else so by using our different sense organs
+7c2MxPrxxH8-00159-00101844-00102402 we learn some things we learn many things in our lives so senses are the
+7c2MxPrxxH8-00160-00102402-00102950 gate phase of learning that's why teaching by using appropriate
+7c2MxPrxxH8-00161-00102950-00103416 teaching learning material teaching learning process can be made interesting
+7c2MxPrxxH8-00162-00103416-00103977 and lively otherwise the classroom atmosphere will not be lively and the
+7c2MxPrxxH8-00163-00103977-00104459 students will get bored easily their attention cannot be because the students
+7c2MxPrxxH8-00164-00104459-00104958 are very small and their attention is fan is very less so if you want to take
+7c2MxPrxxH8-00165-00104958-00105441 the attention of the student it is necessary that by using different type
+7c2MxPrxxH8-00166-00105441-00105975 of tlm we can make our class interesting and lively secondly Bodom engaging
+7c2MxPrxxH8-00167-00105975-00106404 learning process can be removed obviously if the class is lively than
+7c2MxPrxxH8-00168-00106404-00106843 boredom cannot take space in the class lecture not
+7c2MxPrxxH8-00169-00106843-00107326 that's why a lecture method is not at all suitable for the primary or pay
+7c2MxPrxxH8-00170-00107326-00107733 primary or for the junior classes difficult concepts can be easily taught
+7c2MxPrxxH8-00171-00107733-00108229 by using the differently LM by using different type of using different type
+7c2MxPrxxH8-00172-00108229-00109147 of senses we can teach the difficult concepts in a very easy manner and most
+7c2MxPrxxH8-00173-00109147-00109666 of all most important thing is that learners interest in learning can be
+7c2MxPrxxH8-00174-00109666-00110251 enhanced and learning will be more effective and permanent by using tear
+7c2MxPrxxH8-00175-00110251-00110701 them in a simple class then their teacher is not at all using any teaching
+7c2MxPrxxH8-00176-00110701-00111384 learning material the teacher's class can no it cannot be lively and cannot be
+7c2MxPrxxH8-00177-00111384-00111973 full of attention so to seek the attention of the students it is
+7c2MxPrxxH8-00178-00111973-00112507 necessary that teachers should use the T teaching learning material to make the
+7c2MxPrxxH8-00179-00112507-00113136 learning permanent thank you Oh this lesson will be useful for you thank
+7c2MxPrxxH8-00180-00113136-00113384 you very much
+7e4m5xXHZj0-00000-00000003-00000488 sorry I don't mean to be politically correct here but I just need to think
+7e4m5xXHZj0-00001-00000488-00000849 about the root and the cause and I always say there is a difference between
+7e4m5xXHZj0-00002-00000849-00001263 a good doctor and average doctor where the bad doctor treats the symptom and the
+7e4m5xXHZj0-00003-00001263-00001725 great doctor treats the cause so when you look at all these organizations
+7e4m5xXHZj0-00004-00001725-00002142 running programs like Employee Assistance Program or are you okay day
+7e4m5xXHZj0-00005-00002142-00002664 my question is it is the responsibility of the organisation to ensure the safety
+7e4m5xXHZj0-00006-00002664-00003171 of its' people and the idea here is. Are we creating stress? let's say for example
+7e4m5xXHZj0-00007-00003171-00003665 hiring a senior manager that is not the right fit for the organisation or hiring
+7e4m5xXHZj0-00008-00003665-00004320 someone that causes a lot of undesired feelings in the workplace then that
+7e4m5xXHZj0-00009-00004320-00004755 creates sequence of events that we have to deal with later on. The idea here is
+7e4m5xXHZj0-00010-00004755-00005130 if we stop that in the first place if we created the right environment in the
+7e4m5xXHZj0-00011-00005130-00005523 first place then we wouldn't have to face the consequences of those bad
+7e4m5xXHZj0-00012-00005523-00005946 decisions and that's not what everybody is saying, and I'm not saying it rid of
+7e4m5xXHZj0-00013-00005946-00006509 employee assistance programs or don't encourage those days of are you okay
+7e4m5xXHZj0-00014-00006509-00006897 days etc and those events but what I'm saying is you gotta look at the root
+7e4m5xXHZj0-00015-00006897-00007229 cause of the problem
+7f5mkZYCWyk-00000-00000071-00000727 Study Online How do I submit an assignment?
+7f5mkZYCWyk-00001-00000727-00001216 With Canvas on my Computer
+7f5mkZYCWyk-00002-00001344-00001880 One. Read your teacher's instructions.
+7f5mkZYCWyk-00003-00002156-00003184 Two. Click submit assignment.
+7f5mkZYCWyk-00004-00003206-00003836 Three. Click the text box.
+7f5mkZYCWyk-00005-00004308-00005792 Four. Type your answer.
+7f5mkZYCWyk-00006-00005890-00006320 Five. Click submit assignment.
+7f5mkZYCWyk-00007-00006959-00007445 Check to see if it is submitted.
+7f5mkZYCWyk-00008-00007928-00008368 How do I check my score.
+7f5mkZYCWyk-00009-00008470-00008968 One. Click grades.
+7f5mkZYCWyk-00010-00009326-00010184 Two. Find your assignment. Read your score.
+7f5mkZYCWyk-00011-00010330-00010808 How do I check my teacher's comments?
+7f5mkZYCWyk-00012-00010911-00011584 One. Click grades.
+7f5mkZYCWyk-00013-00011775-00012256 Two. Click your assignment.
+7f5mkZYCWyk-00014-00012743-00013263 Three. Read your teacher's comments.
+7f5mkZYCWyk-00015-00013808-00014800 Now you can submit an assignment check your score and check your teacher's comments on Canvas
+7gDDse-UKBy-00000-00000104-00000574 Hi, welcome to the WebGL debugging screencast. In this
+7gDDse-UKBy-00001-00000574-00000940 screencast, I'm going to go through the basics of
+7gDDse-UKBy-00002-00000940-00001290 debugging your WebGL applications.
+7gDDse-UKBy-00003-00001290-00001901 To get started, I have here the Khronos WebGL wiki page
+7gDDse-UKBy-00004-00001901-00002058 about debugging.
+7gDDse-UKBy-00005-00002058-00002310 This is a nice source of links.
+7gDDse-UKBy-00006-00002310-00002627 It links you to WebGL Inspector, which is nice for
+7gDDse-UKBy-00007-00002627-00002832 WebGL debugging.
+7gDDse-UKBy-00008-00002832-00003395 It also has a link to the WebGL debug scripts, which is
+7gDDse-UKBy-00009-00003395-00003740 a little piece of JavaScript that gives you tools to debug
+7gDDse-UKBy-00010-00003740-00004050 your WebGL applications.
+7gDDse-UKBy-00011-00004050-00004801 In particular, it has got a WebGL debug context, which is
+7gDDse-UKBy-00012-00004801-00005593 a special wrapper for a WebGL context that makes all GL
+7gDDse-UKBy-00013-00005593-00005999 errors show up in the JavaScript console.
+7gDDse-UKBy-00014-00005999-00006629 So you can also customize it to do
+7gDDse-UKBy-00015-00006629-00006811 JavaScript style error handling.
+7gDDse-UKBy-00016-00006811-00007412 So that instead of getting back an error number, you can
+7gDDse-UKBy-00017-00007412-00007825 make it actually throw an exception when you get an
+7gDDse-UKBy-00018-00007825-00008033 error on a GL call.
+7gDDse-UKBy-00019-00008033-00008574 And what the debug context does is after each call to GL,
+7gDDse-UKBy-00020-00008574-00009057 it calls gl.geterror to get the error code.
+7gDDse-UKBy-00021-00009057-00009720 This causes a performance penalty if you use it in your
+7gDDse-UKBy-00022-00009720-00009806 production code.
+7gDDse-UKBy-00023-00009806-00010004 But for debugging, it's great.
+7gDDse-UKBy-00024-00010355-00010829 It also has this little function,
+7gDDse-UKBy-00025-00010829-00011391 WebGLDebugUtils.glEnumToString, which lets you take one of
+7gDDse-UKBy-00026-00011391-00011898 those cryptic error codes and gets the name for the error.
+7gDDse-UKBy-00027-00011898-00012023 Very useful.
+7gDDse-UKBy-00028-00012299-00012742 Next, I'm going to show you the WebGL Inspector.
+7gDDse-UKBy-00029-00012742-00013161 So the WebGL Inspector is a little Chrome
+7gDDse-UKBy-00030-00013161-00013438 extension by Ben Vanik.
+7gDDse-UKBy-00031-00013438-00014075 And it's probably easier to show you what it does.
+7gDDse-UKBy-00032-00014075-00014338 So it is on GetHub, benvanik.gethub.
+7gDDse-UKBy-00033-00014338-00014463 com/WebGL-Inspector.
+7gDDse-UKBy-00034-00014774-00015322 I'm going to show you the live demo of the WebGL Inspector.
+7gDDse-UKBy-00035-00015322-00015743 So here we have a WebGL demo running on the screen.
+7gDDse-UKBy-00036-00015743-00016443 And click on the UI button, we get the WebGL Inspector.
+7gDDse-UKBy-00037-00016443-00016720 And now I'm going to go through
+7gDDse-UKBy-00038-00016720-00016972 some of the easy features.
+7gDDse-UKBy-00039-00016972-00017880 So Programs tab, you have got the shaders and the GL
+7gDDse-UKBy-00040-00017880-00018553 programs. And these have the uniforms, the attributes, the
+7gDDse-UKBy-00041-00018553-00019097 shader sources, the status for the shaders.
+7gDDse-UKBy-00042-00019097-00019348 So if you've got problems with your shaders,
+7gDDse-UKBy-00043-00019348-00019561 you can see it here.
+7gDDse-UKBy-00044-00019561-00019977 Then there's a Buffers pane, which shows you all the
+7gDDse-UKBy-00045-00019977-00020409 buffers used in your WebGL program.
+7gDDse-UKBy-00046-00020409-00020875 And here you can see what is inside of buffer, what is the
+7gDDse-UKBy-00047-00020875-00021598 size of the buffer, and what has been done
+7gDDse-UKBy-00048-00021598-00021943 to the buffer recently.
+7gDDse-UKBy-00049-00021943-00022061 If we look up--
+7gDDse-UKBy-00050-00022061-00022238 I think it's this one.
+7gDDse-UKBy-00051-00022238-00022916 Yeah, here we have an 89k buffer.
+7gDDse-UKBy-00052-00022916-00023218 And here is a 600k buffer.
+7gDDse-UKBy-00053-00023218-00023607 And with these, you don't see the buffer contents directly.
+7gDDse-UKBy-00054-00023607-00024077 But you have to click on this link to show them, which I'm
+7gDDse-UKBy-00055-00024077-00024423 not going to click, because I think it's going to crash the
+7gDDse-UKBy-00056-00024423-00024590 browser if I do that.
+7gDDse-UKBy-00057-00024971-00025041 I'll do that anyway.
+7gDDse-UKBy-00058-00025041-00025374 Let's see what happens.
+7gDDse-UKBy-00059-00025374-00025557 Yeah.
+7gDDse-UKBy-00060-00025557-00025970 OK, well, that was surprisingly fast. So 89k
+7gDDse-UKBy-00061-00025970-00026287 buffer, perfectly OK.
+7gDDse-UKBy-00062-00026287-00026412 No problem.
+7gDDse-UKBy-00063-00026613-00026904 You also have a Textures pane that shows you all the
+7gDDse-UKBy-00064-00026904-00027589 textures in your WebGL application, texture settings
+7gDDse-UKBy-00065-00027589-00028055 and what has been done to the texture.
+7gDDse-UKBy-00066-00028055-00028519 And in the Textures pane, you can see all the textures in
+7gDDse-UKBy-00067-00028519-00028683 your WebGL program.
+7gDDse-UKBy-00068-00028683-00029125 And you can see the texture parameters for each texture
+7gDDse-UKBy-00069-00029125-00029317 and the texture content.
+7gDDse-UKBy-00070-00029317-00029908 Because this is a texture that was passed as a null texture--
+7gDDse-UKBy-00071-00029908-00030445 that is it is a GPU site texture that the WebGL program
+7gDDse-UKBy-00072-00030445-00030661 is editing in the GPU--
+7gDDse-UKBy-00073-00030661-00031143 we don't see anything in the texture contents.
+7gDDse-UKBy-00074-00031143-00031677 This is one problem with WebGL Inspector at the moment which
+7gDDse-UKBy-00075-00031677-00031918 I think could be fixed.
+7gDDse-UKBy-00076-00032191-00032495 But if you have a normal texture, you should see the
+7gDDse-UKBy-00077-00032495-00032620 contents of the texture A-OK.
+7gDDse-UKBy-00078-00032900-00033400 In the State panel, you get a state snapshot of the current
+7gDDse-UKBy-00079-00033400-00033600 WebGL context state.
+7gDDse-UKBy-00080-00033600-00034266 It has all the blending and the blend colors, color
+7gDDse-UKBy-00081-00034266-00034856 values, maximum attributes and such like.
+7gDDse-UKBy-00082-00035171-00035749 In the Timeline pane, you can see what's happening in your
+7gDDse-UKBy-00083-00035749-00035916 WebGL program.
+7gDDse-UKBy-00084-00035916-00036448 The timeline view shows you what you are doing with WebGL.
+7gDDse-UKBy-00085-00036448-00036908 So it shows you how much time it takes per frame to render
+7gDDse-UKBy-00086-00036908-00037023 your WebGL scene.
+7gDDse-UKBy-00087-00037023-00037367 And it shows you how many textures you are allocating,
+7gDDse-UKBy-00088-00037367-00037924 how many programs you are using, and so on.
+7gDDse-UKBy-00089-00037924-00038135 Now If we go the Trace panel--
+7gDDse-UKBy-00090-00038135-00038401 this is the first panel, but I'm taking the class.
+7gDDse-UKBy-00091-00038401-00038766 So the Trace panel is the last panel that I'm going to go to.
+7gDDse-UKBy-00092-00038766-00039061 And when I click on the Capture button, what I get
+7gDDse-UKBy-00093-00039061-00039735 here is what happened during this frame.
+7gDDse-UKBy-00094-00039735-00040371 Here's the image that was drawn, and then all the DL
+7gDDse-UKBy-00095-00040371-00041061 calls we did to draw that frame.
+7gDDse-UKBy-00096-00041061-00041343 Very useful, very nice.
+7gDDse-UKBy-00097-00041343-00041467 Let's move on.
+7gDDse-UKBy-00098-00041467-00042155 So for Unit Testing GL, the Maps GL team here at Google
+7gDDse-UKBy-00099-00042155-00042528 built this little thing, glsl-unit, which is a unit
+7gDDse-UKBy-00100-00042528-00043153 testing framework for GLSL code in the WebGL.
+7gDDse-UKBy-00101-00043153-00043291 And--
+7gDDse-UKBy-00102-00043291-00043550 testing frameworks that allows you to write and run Unit
+7gDDse-UKBy-00103-00043550-00043900 Tests for your WebGL GLSL code.
+7gDDse-UKBy-00104-00043900-00044256 GLSL units will run your test code on the graphics card and
+7gDDse-UKBy-00105-00044256-00044403 extract the results.
+7gDDse-UKBy-00106-00044403-00044791 So it will be identical to the execution environment of your
+7gDDse-UKBy-00107-00044791-00045017 shader coding production.
+7gDDse-UKBy-00108-00045017-00045285 And that is the great thing about GLSL units.
+7gDDse-UKBy-00109-00045611-00045908 If you want to hear more about GLSL units and how the Maps
+7gDDse-UKBy-00110-00045908-00046724 team was developing WebGL, you can go to this YouTube talk
+7gDDse-UKBy-00111-00046724-00047046 from GTAC 2011.
+7gDDse-UKBy-00112-00047046-00047568 It's Developing and Testing WebGL.
+7gDDse-UKBy-00113-00047568-00047969 It's by Roy Williams, one of the MapsGL engineers.
+7gDDse-UKBy-00114-00047969-00048554 And GTAC stands for Google Test Automation Conference.
+7gDDse-UKBy-00115-00048554-00049175 And this is a great talk for real-life WebGL use in a
+7gDDse-UKBy-00116-00049175-00049395 non-game setting.
+7gDDse-UKBy-00117-00049395-00049724 So go there and check it out.
+7gDDse-UKBy-00118-00049724-00050165 This is about all I have to say about WebGL
+7gDDse-UKBy-00119-00050165-00050284 debugging for now.
+7gDDse-UKBy-00120-00050284-00050711 So thanks for watching and get hacking.
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00000-00004986-00005376 After delving into a bit of pure mathematics over the last few lectures,
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00001-00005410-00005664 I want to look at what all this has to do
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00002-00005664-00005834 with the Fourier Transform.
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00003-00005942-00006214 So what tools do we have in our arsenal?
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00004-00006280-00006576 We have Sine waves and Cosine waves.
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00005-00006606-00006908 we've learned about how we can shift a signal's phase
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00006-00006908-00007176 by adding Sine and Cosine waves together
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00007-00007202-00007564 and we've found a new shorthand way of doing mathematical operations
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00008-00007566-00007995 with Sines and Cosines by using the 3 forms of a complex number.
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00009-00008130-00008390 We're now going to use all of these tools
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00010-00008390-00008822 as we look at the secret of how the Fourier Transform actually works.
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00011-00008866-00009166 This secret is called Convolution.
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00012-00009318-00009552 But before we start to talk about convolution,
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00013-00009570-00009994 let's first remind ourselves of what Fourier said about signals,
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00014-00010032-00010304 or as he called them, functions.
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00015-00010434-00010626 “Any function of a variable,
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00016-00010648-00010912 whether continuous or discontinuous,
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00017-00010952-00011442 can be expanded in a series of sines of multiples of the variable.”
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00018-00011530-00011682 So, in other words,
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00019-00011694-00012018 Fourier saw any signal as a lot of sine waves,
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00020-00012032-00012338 each with its own frequency phase and amplitude,
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00021-00012346-00012494 all added together.
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00022-00012588-00012762 This is what a transform is:
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00023-00012762-00013104 a way of building up a signal out of simpler building blocks.
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00024-00013202-00013563 In Fourier’s case, he built his signals out of Sine waves,
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00025-00013606-00014054 but Fourier was by no means the only person to invent a transform.
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00026-00014124-00014322 There are many other types of transforms.
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00027-00014396-00014604 The Laplace Transform, for example,
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00028-00014606-00014884 overcomes a big disadvantage of the Fourier Transform.
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00029-00014956-00015162 One problem with the Fourier Transform
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00030-00015162-00015362 which we shall explore later
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00031-00015362-00015708 is that it assumes that signals repeat themselves forever,
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00032-00015726-00015956 which clearly many of them don't.
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00033-00016091-00016438 This is where a Laplace Transform has a distinct advantage.
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00034-00016488-00016660 Whereas Fourier assumes 
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00035-00016662-00017072 that signals are made up of a collection of sine waves with constant amplitude,
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00036-00017110-00017564 Laplace constructs his signals from a collection of decaying sine waves
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00037-00017584-00018122 which decay to nothing, or near enough, long before “forever” is reached.
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00038-00018260-00018610 Another type of transform is the Wavelet Transform.
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00039-00018680-00019130 A wavelet is a little burst of sine wave that starts at zero amplitude,
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00040-00019198-00019572 grows to some value then decays back to zero again.
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00041-00019678-00019900 By adding lots of wavelets together,
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00042-00019912-00020242 changing the point in time at which each wavelet starts,
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00043-00020242-00020488 the shape of its envelope and its frequency,
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00044-00020508-00020736 you can make up any signal you like
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00045-00020736-00020980 just as you can with Fourier’s Sine Waves.
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00046-00021130-00021536 So Fourier, building his signals, as he did, out of Sine waves,
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00047-00021540-00021776 claimed that he could take any signal,
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00048-00021790-00022054 break it down into its constituent waves
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00049-00022056-00022354 and tell us what the properties of each wave were.
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00050-00022448-00022674 We discovered back at the beginning of the course
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00051-00022674-00022918 that a sine wave has 3 properties:
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00052-00022944-00023220 Frequency, Amplitude and Phase,
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00053-00023310-00023518 so we expect, at the end of Fourier's transform,
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00054-00023530-00024004 to end up with list of waves containing 3 columns for each wave:
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00055-00024038-00024482 One for Frequency, one for Amplitude and one for Phase.
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00056-00024724-00025004 So what is convolution?
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00057-00025520-00025942 Convolution is the mathematical equivalent of looking for your slippers.
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00058-00026024-00026282 I have no idea where I put my slippers,
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00059-00026306-00026502 so I have to search in every room.
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00060-00026783-00026944 I know what they look like
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00061-00026944-00027145 so I'll recognize them when I see them.
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00062-00027586-00027882 Now what happens if I find my wife's slippers first?
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00063-00027924-00028083 Well, I know they aren't mine
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00064-00028086-00028406 as my wife's slippers are grey and mine are purple.
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00065-00030068-00030218 Here are my slippers!
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00066-00030274-00030426 Now how did they get here?
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00067-00030910-00031172 Applying this analogy to the world of signals,
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00068-00031198-00031376 my slippers are like the Sine wave
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00069-00031376-00031562 that we’re looking for within our signal.
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00070-00031632-00031804 I'll know it when I find it
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00071-00031818-00032062 as I know what frequency I'm looking for,
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00072-00032082-00032500 but I don't know, where, or rather when it occurs in the signal.
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00073-00032552-00032854 In other words, I have no idea what its phase is.
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00074-00032912-00033244 So, just as I have to search every room in my house for my slippers,
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00075-00033268-00033750 I have to search every phase in my signal for the sine wave that I'm looking for.
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00076-00033852-00034072 To demonstrate how convolution works,
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00077-00034080-00034286 let's look at a more visual example.
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00078-00034422-00034562 By this point in the course,
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00079-00034562-00034746 you probably know what I look like.
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00080-00034782-00034876 Here I am!
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00081-00035028-00035372 Now imagine that I was in the middle of a crowd of people. 
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00082-00035414-00035548 How would you find me?
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00083-00035592-00035802 Well, one way you could do it would be to
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00084-00035804-00036014 to compare each person in the crowd
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00085-00036014-00036222 with the image of me that you have in your memory.
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00086-00036270-00036484 Let's call this the test image.
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00087-00036560-00036946 If we slide the test image over all the people in the crowd,
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00088-00036952-00037282 the moment the test image and the real me converge,
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00089-00037282-00037446 you'll know that you have found me.
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00090-00037756-00038194 To find the phase of the Sine wave with the frequency we are looking for in our signal,
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00091-00038198-00038394 we do exactly the same thing.
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00092-00038434-00038660 We slide, or convolve,
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00093-00038660-00039044 a Cosine wave of the same frequency over the signal.
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00094-00039148-00039446 Let's call this Cosine wave the Test Wave.
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00095-00039680-00040080 Now, why am I using a cosine wave and not a sine wave?
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00096-00040122-00040402 Well, it is simply a matter of convention. 
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00097-00040424-00040718 As far as the maths is concerned, I could use either;
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00098-00040736-00041110 after all, sine waves and cosine waves are the same wave,
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00099-00041110-00041410 just with a 90º phase difference between them.
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00100-00041500-00041584 However,
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00101-00041594-00041980 very soon, you're going to understand the Fourier Transform formula
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00102-00042034-00042430 and that formula is written in the language of complex numbers.
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00103-00042512-00042838 Therefore, I want to keep things consistent.
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00104-00042962-00043150 When writing a complex number,
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00105-00043150-00043376 we always start with the real part,
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00106-00043406-00043682 which corresponds to the cosine component.
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00107-00043734-00044100 So, just as complex numbers begin with the cosine component,
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00108-00044114-00044220 so will I.
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00109-00044356-00044520 So here is our Test wave,
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00110-00044544-00044696 a cosine wave,
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00111-00044742-00045068 and I'm slowly going to slide it over my signal 
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00112-00045068-00045256 by increasing its phase.
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00113-00045336-00045754 The moment the test wave converges with the sine wave we are looking for,
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00114-00045766-00046202 we know that we have found the phase of the sine wave within our signal.
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00115-00046456-00046844 Convolving the two waves in this manner is all very well for us humans,
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00116-00046858-00047278 we can easily identify by sight when the two waves converge,
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00117-00047344-00047738 but how could we detect the point of convergence mathematically?
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00118-00047820-00047972 How would a computer do it?
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00119-00048130-00048474 What we need is to somehow generate a number,
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00120-00048482-00048884 a score that indicates how well the 2 signals match.
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00121-00048942-00049122 When they don't match at all,
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00122-00049122-00049284 then the score needs to be low.
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00123-00049348-00049508 When they match completely,
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00124-00049512-00049678 the score needs to be high.
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00125-00049822-00050164 Well, one way we could do this would be as follows:
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00126-00050366-00050650 Let's reset our test signal to its initial position.
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00127-00050756-00051136 Now, I'm going to multiply each point on our test wave
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00128-00051136-00051328 with each point on the signal 
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00129-00051341-00051670 and plot the multiplied signal on a new graph.
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00130-00051898-00052128 At an angle of 0 degrees,
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00131-00052188-00052436 our test wave has a value of 1
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00132-00052494-00052870 and our signal has a value of 0.17
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00133-00052964-00053248 So we multiply these 2 points together which gives us
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00134-00053248-00053386 0.17
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00135-00053426-00053696 and we plot that new point here. 
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00136-00053955-00054134 At an angle of 2 degrees,
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00137-00054144-00054424 our test wave has a value of 0.98
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00138-00054460-00054786 and our signal has a value of 0.34
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00139-00054841-00055136 So we multiply these 2 points together which gives us
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00140-00055136-00055284 0.34
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00141-00055317-00055540 and we plot that point here.
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00142-00055760-00055934 At an angle of 4 degrees,
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00143-00055946-00056248 our test wave has a value of 0.94
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00144-00056260-00056567 and our signal has a value of 0.5
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00145-00056652-00056912 So we multiply those 2 points together giving us
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00146-00056914-00057054 0.47 
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00147-00057094-00057296 and we plot that point here.
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00148-00057567-00057900 We do this for all the points which gives us
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00149-00057902-00058310 a new “multiplied signal” shown here in green.
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00150-00058420-00058852 We then measure the area enclosed by the “multiplied graph”.
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00151-00058966-00059178 This gives us a single value
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00152-00059178-00059644 which is the score of how well matched the test wave and the sine wave
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00153-00059644-00059912 which I'm looking for within my signal are.
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00154-00060038-00060436 The score for this initial position of the test wave is 31.
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00155-00060708-00060990 Now, let's increase the phase of the test wave a little 
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00156-00061040-00061228 and do the whole operation again.
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00157-00061336-00061779 Each point on the test wave is multiplied by each point on the signal,
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00158-00061790-00062058 and the resulting area enclosed by the graph
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00159-00062078-00062529 gives us the score of how well matched the signal and test wave are.
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00160-00062755-00062940 If I animate this process,
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00161-00062970-00063162 look what happens to the score,
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00162-00063290-00063664 as my test wave moves closer and closer to being in phase with the signal,
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00163-00063726-00064088 the area enclosed by the multiplied graph increases
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00164-00064124-00064394 meaning that the “score” increases too.
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00165-00064650-00064848 When the 2 waves are in phase, 
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00166-00064862-00065072 the score reaches its highest value,
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00167-00065100-00065402 180 in this case,
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00168-00065500-00065948 then begins to fall off again as the 2 waves slip out of phase.
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00169-00066054-00066324 When the 2 waves are at their most out of phase,
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00170-00066364-00066552 the score is at its lowest value,
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00171-00066594-00066978 -180 in the case of these 2 waves.
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00172-00067184-00067528 So when my test wave reaches a phase of 80º,
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00173-00067556-00067780 the 2 signals match perfectly
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00174-00067830-00068054 and the score is at its highest value.
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00175-00068108-00068446 I have found the phase of the sine wave in my signal.
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00176-00068724-00068978 That's all very well for a simple signal like this,
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00177-00069038-00069274 but what about a more complicated signal?
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00178-00069334-00069672 What about a signal made up of more than 1 sine wave?
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00179-00070064-00070336 Which sine waves are present in this signal?
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00180-00070452-00070608 What are their frequencies?
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00181-00070646-00070788 What are their phases
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00182-00070832-00070998 and what are their amplitudes?
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00183-00071104-00071392 Well, just like the slippers, we have to look for them.
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00184-00071534-00071774 Let’s start by convolving a test wave
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00185-00071776-00072216 with a frequency of 1 and amplitude of 1 over our signal.
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00186-00072364-00072790 When we multiply all the points on our test wave by all the points on our signal
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00187-00072812-00073018 and plot them on the multiplied graph,
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00188-00073088-00073328 it doesn't matter what the phase is,
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00189-00073362-00073854 there is always as much area enclosed by the graph above x-axis as there is below it.
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00190-00074026-00074418 This means that when we calculate the total area enclosed by the graph,
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00191-00074452-00074684 we'll always get a score of 0.
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00192-00074878-00075364 This indicates that our signal does not contain a sine wave with a frequency of 1.
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00193-00075584-00076016 Let's try convolving a test wave with a frequency of 2 over our signal.
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00194-00076208-00076416 This time, as we increase the phase,
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00195-00076422-00076936 we can see how the multiplied signal shifts up and down over the x-axis.
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00196-00077084-00077394 When we measure the area enclosed by the multiplied graph,
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00197-00077418-00077698 we see that the score is not zero 
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00198-00077782-00078204 so our signal does contain a sine wave with a frequency of 2 in it.
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00199-00078356-00078626 Finding the point at which the score is greatest,
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00200-00078654-00079094 tells us that the phase of this sine wave is 30º.
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00201-00079556-00080022 Let’s try convolving a test wave with a frequency of 3 over our signal.
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00202-00080240-00080722 Again, the multiplied signal shifts up and down over the line and the score is not zero
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00203-00080802-00081216 so our signal does contain a sine wave with a frequency of 3 in it.
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00204-00081310-00081674 The score is at its highest point at a phase of 60º,
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00205-00081838-00082254 so the phase of this sine wave is 60º
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00206-00082268-00082364 …and so on. 
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00207-00082540-00082858 If I were to try a test frequency of 4 on this wave,
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00208-00082888-00083042 I would get zero again
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00209-00083058-00083470 as this signal does not contain a sine wave with a frequency of 4.
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00210-00083612-00083956 So whenever we try a frequency that does not exist in the signal,
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00211-00083968-00084212 we get a value of 0 in the score,
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00212-00084214-00084362 no matter what phase we try.
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00213-00084468-00084718 And when a frequency does exist in the signal,
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00214-00084746-00084978 We get a score that is non-zero.
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00215-00085128-00085482 the moment we find the point at which the score is at its maximum,
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00216-00085500-00085880 we have found the phase of the sine wave we are looking for.
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00217-00086182-00086434 While we've been searching our signal for sine waves,
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00218-00086442-00086690 we've found their frequencies and phases,
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00219-00086752-00087024 but we haven't said anything about their amplitude.
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00220-00087118-00087326 Well, that's just what the score is.
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00221-00087456-00087780 The maximum score we found for each frequency
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00222-00087788-00088236 is proportional to the amplitude of the sine wave we are looking for.
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00223-00088378-00088686 It doesn't actually tell us what the original amplitude was,
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00224-00088728-00089158 but it does tell us what its relative contribution is to the overall signal.
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00225-00089346-00089516 Just for curiosity’s sake,
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00226-00089566-00089688 what would we have to do
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00227-00089690-00090248 to make the score equal to the actual contribution of this particular sine wave
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00228-00090282-00090426 in the original signal?
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00229-00090532-00091024 Well, we'd have to divide the score by half of the period of the signal. 
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00230-00091156-00091542 The period of this signal is 360°,
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00231-00091628-00091974 so half of the period will be 180°
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00232-00092166-00092454 For this test wave, with a frequency of 3,
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00233-00092466-00092744 the maximum score was 72,
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00234-00092930-00093278 so if we divide 72 by 180,
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00235-00093320-00093478 we get 0.4
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00236-00093504-00093972 which is the actual amplitude of this frequency within the signal.
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00237-00094108-00094198 However,
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00238-00094234-00094706 as we're only concerned with splitting the signal apart into its constituent sine waves ,
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00239-00094746-00095026 the relative contribution, or, as I called it,
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00240-00095066-00095154 the score,
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00241-00095232-00095370 is good enough for now.
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00242-00095668-00095898 So our signal is made up of 2 waves.
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00243-00095980-00096622 The first has a frequency of 2 at a phase of 30º and relative amplitude of 90.
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00244-00096694-00097340 The second has a frequency of 3 at a phase of 60º and relative amplitude of 72.
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00245-00097448-00097654 When these 2 sine waves are added together,
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00246-00097664-00097974 we get a result which looks like our signal.
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00247-00098130-00098296 So, using convolution,
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00248-00098296-00098738 we have managed to deconstruct our signal into its constituent sine waves.
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00249-00098778-00099160 We have just found our first Fourier series.
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00250-00099500-00099748 Now, Fourier was a wily old mathematician.
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00251-00099816-00100126 Although he knew he could get his answer using convolution,
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00252-00100142-00100416 he could see how hard he had to work to get there.
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00253-00100516-00100834 Fourier noticed that there was a slightly quicker way to do it.
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00254-00100960-00101316 What I am about to show you is not the “Fast Fourier Transform”,
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00255-00101340-00101574 we'll take a look at that in a later lecture.
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00256-00101674-00101860 What I want to demonstrate here
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00257-00101860-00102222 is how we don't actually need to do the whole convolution operation,
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00258-00102222-00102574 i.e. slide our test wave all the way over our signal,
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00259-00102588-00102718 to get our result. 
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00260-00102906-00103294 We just saw how the score increases to a maximum
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00261-00103294-00103754 the nearer the test wave and the sine wave we are looking for in our signal,
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00262-00103754-00103982 get to being in phase with each other.
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00263-00104138-00104638 If I trace the line which the score value describes as we convolve the 2 waves;
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00264-00104685-00104961 just look at which function that line makes.
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00265-00105035-00105274 It's a phase shifted sine wave
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00266-00105290-00105754 with the same phase as the sine wave we are looking for within our signal.
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00267-00105902-00106280 But we know that any phase shifted sine wave can be described
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00268-00106280-00106756 by adding a non-phase shifted cosine wave and a non-phase shifted sine wave
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00269-00106756-00107064 at the same frequency but different amplitudes.
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00270-00107185-00107485 So instead of having to perform the entire convolution,
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00271-00107502-00107961 all we need to do is multiply our signal firstly by a cosine wave
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00272-00107980-00108144 and then by a sine wave,
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00273-00108182-00108496 then use Phythagoras and the inverse tangent rule
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00274-00108508-00108774 to calculate the amplitude and phase shift
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00275-00108814-00109066 from 2 scores for each wave.
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00276-00109204-00109430 So let's do just that for our signal
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00277-00109638-00109950 The first frequency that was present in the signal was 2
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00278-00110044-00110248 so let's start with that frequency. 
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00279-00110378-00110842 If I calculate the score using a non-phase shifted cosine wave as my test wave,
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00280-00110856-00111033 I get 78
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00281-00111285-00111735 If I calculate the score using a non-phase shifted sine wave as my test wave,
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00282-00111759-00111935 I get 45
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00283-00112135-00112272 Using Pythagoras,
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00284-00112276-00112732 the square root of 78² plus 45² equals 90. 
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00285-00112846-00113035 Using the inverse tangent rule,
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00286-00113035-00113488 inverse tan of 45 divided by 78 equals 30º,
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00287-00113526-00113733 the same answer as before.
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00288-00113988-00114332 The second frequency that was present in my signal was 3 
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00289-00114432-00114668 so let's calculate for that frequency. 
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00290-00114818-00115283 If I calculate the score using a non-phase shifted cosine wave as my test wave,
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00291-00115296-00115470 I get 36
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00292-00115728-00116159 If I calculate the score using a non-phase shifted sine wave as my test wave,
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00293-00116176-00116348 I get 62
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00294-00116585-00116728 Using Pythagoras, 
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00295-00116728-00117226 the square root  of 36² plus 62² equals 72
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00296-00117338-00117528 Using the inverse tangent rule,
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00297-00117528-00117985 inverse tan of 62 divided by 36 equals 60º,
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00298-00117994-00118274 again, the same answer as before.
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00299-00118670-00118846 So let's review what we just did:
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00300-00118944-00119276 Firstly we multiplied every point of our signal
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00301-00119296-00119652 by every point of a Cosine wave at a known frequency
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00302-00119654-00120100 to get a multiplied cosine signal which we plotted on a new graph
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00303-00120250-00120564 We then found the area enclosed by that graph
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00304-00120596-00120776 which we used as a score,
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00305-00120783-00121209 or relative amplitude for the cosine component at that frequency.
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00306-00121376-00121668 We then multiplied every point of our signal
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00307-00121682-00122126 by every point of a Sine wave at the same frequency as the Cosine wave
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00308-00122132-00122354 to get a multiplied sine signal
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00309-00122368-00122548 which we plotted on a new graph.
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00310-00122685-00122958 We then found the area under that graph
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00311-00122992-00123178 which we used as a score,
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00312-00123192-00123592 or relative amplitude for the sine component at that frequency.
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00313-00123709-00124235 We then repeated the whole process again and again at many different frequencies
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00314-00124250-00124608 until we had found all the frequencies within our signal.
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00315-00124798-00125220 So how can we express what we’ve just done in a mathematical language?
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00316-00125309-00125500 Well, we start with a signal.
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00317-00125672-00125846 I said, at the beginning of the course
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00318-00125858-00126290 that I would demonstrate how Fourier worked by using sound signals.
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00319-00126402-00126809 Sound is a signal whose amplitude changes over time
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00320-00126918-00127244 so let's call our signal x of t,
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00321-00127320-00127796 the “t” denoting that the variable in our signal is time.
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00322-00127914-00128102 First of all, in stage 1,
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00323-00128102-00128409 we multiply the signal by a cosine wave.
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00324-00128528-00128900 But the x-axis of a cosine wave is usually an angle.
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00325-00129020-00129190 Back in the lecture on phase, 
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00326-00129194-00129452 we saw how we could scale our x-axis
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00327-00129472-00129718 to fit the 360º of a circle
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00328-00129744-00130128 by multiplying our time value by the frequency we are looking for
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00329-00130172-00130604 and then multiplying the result by 360º
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00330-00130733-00131220 Well, that's all very well if we were working in degrees like we have been until now.
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00331-00131294-00131874 However, remember that when your calculator calculates the cosine or sine of a value
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00332-00131880-00132262 using the infinite series we saw in the lecture on Euler’s identity,
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00333-00132302-00132566 it is actually working in radians.
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00334-00132644-00132852 So we have to convert the time value,
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00335-00132858-00133200 not into degrees but into radians.
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00336-00133374-00133706 Instead of there being 360º in a circle,
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00337-00133736-00134070 we say that there are 2π radians in a circle.
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00338-00134154-00134398 So we multiply our time value, “t”,
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00339-00134426-00134672 by the frequency, “f”, we are looking for
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00340-00134678-00134924 and then by 2π radians.
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00341-00135066-00135458 So in stage 1, we multiply our signal x of t
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00342-00135498-00135896 by the cosine of 2πft
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00343-00136208-00136484 Here is what I get when I multiply the sound signal
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00344-00136484-00136842 coming from the violin we passed on the way with the cosine wave.
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00345-00136944-00137330 Now, we need to find the area under the graph of our multiplied signal
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00346-00137330-00137524 to obtain the score which represents
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00347-00137524-00137964 the amplitude of the contribution of this cosine wave to the overall signal.
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00348-00138044-00138192 But how do we do that?
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00349-00138332-00138614 If we wanted to calculate the area of a rectangle,
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00350-00138614-00139012 we would take the height of the rectangle and multiply it by its width.
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00351-00139096-00139346 But our signal is not a rectangle!
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00352-00139452-00139678 Is there any way we could make it into one?
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00353-00139812-00140106 Well, we could make it into lots of rectangles,
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00354-00140108-00140470 or rather we could break it down into lots of slices
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00355-00140474-00140778 and treat each slice as if it was a rectangle
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00356-00140792-00141118 and then add the areas of all the rectangles together. 
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00357-00141246-00141744 You can see how the blocky rectangles do approximate the shape of the multiplied signal.
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00358-00141904-00142134 If we reduce the width of each rectangle,
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00359-00142146-00142358 and increase the number of rectangles,
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00360-00142384-00142580 then we get a better approximation.
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00361-00142722-00143006 The thinner the rectangles and the more of them there are,
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00362-00143020-00143424 the closer we get to the actual value of the area under the graph.
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00363-00143556-00143866 If we were to make each rectangle infinitely thin
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00364-00143886-00144190 and increase the number of rectangles to infinity,
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00365-00144232-00144514 we could calculate the area exactly.
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00366-00144646-00144890 This is known as integration
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00367-00144936-00145302 which we represent mathematically by an integration sign. 
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00368-00145508-00145830 So to find the area under the multiplied cosine graph,
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00369-00145870-00146174 we take the integral of our multiplied signal
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00370-00146182-00146510 x of t times cos 2πft
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00371-00146534-00146714 with respect to t,
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00372-00146734-00147034 i.e. each slice is t seconds thick
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00373-00147052-00147468 where the difference between one t and the next is infinitely small.
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00374-00147554-00147724 We write this mathematically
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00375-00147736-00148368 as the integral of x of t times the cosine of 2πft dt.
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00376-00148518-00148728 But an integral has to have limits.
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00377-00148760-00149082 “t” has to start somewhere and end somewhere.
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00378-00149182-00149460 Well, in a repeating signal such as the one we have here,
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00379-00149460-00149756 it is enough to look at one cycle of the signal
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00380-00149790-00150202 as after that cycle is complete, the signal will just repeat itself. 
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00381-00150378-00150516 In our signal here,
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00382-00150516-00150988 you can see that everything repeats itself every 3.5ms 
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00383-00151034-00151510 so we say that the period of our signal is 3.5ms 
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00384-00151522-00152156 and we integrate it between time equals zero and time equals 3.5ms.
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00385-00152426-00152688 Now, as this is a repeating signal,
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00386-00152702-00153008 it doesn’t actually matter where we set our limits
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00387-00153040-00153348 so long as we integrate over exactly 1 cycle.
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00388-00153468-00153682 Imagine this signal went on forever. 
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00389-00153750-00154048 Imagine it didn’t have a beginning or an end.
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00390-00154116-00154528 Just as the signal will repeat itself again and again into the future,
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00391-00154590-00155072 so it has already repeated itself again and again since the ancient past.
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00392-00155168-00155430 So just as our graph here looks from now,
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00393-00155430-00155670 when time equals zero, into the future,
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00394-00155716-00155936 we could also look back into the past,
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00395-00155936-00156158 when time was less than zero,
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00396-00156180-00156368 and the signal would still look the same.
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00397-00156530-00156894 Instead of integrating from 0 to 3.5ms,
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00398-00156960-00157594 we could integrate from minus 1.75ms till 1.75ms
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00399-00157604-00157886 and the result of the integral would still come out the same,
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00400-00157900-00158452 so long as the period over which we integrated remained exactly 3.5ms
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00401-00158452-00158686 which is the period of this particular signal.
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00402-00158898-00159288 Now, not all signals have a period of 3.5ms.
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00403-00159376-00159764 How do we write the limits of the integration for an arbitrary signal
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00404-00159772-00159996 with a period of “p” seconds?
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00405-00160158-00160764 Well, if we always ensure that our time equals zero point is exactly in the centre of the graph,
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00406-00160822-00161336 then we need to integrate from a point in time that is minus a half of the period 
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00407-00161372-00161740 until a point which is plus a half of the period.
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00408-00161772-00162418 So our integration limits become minus p over 2 and plus p over 2.
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00409-00162528-00162704 But why is that important?
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00410-00162740-00163162 Why not just integrate from zero to the period “p”  like we did before?
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00411-00163210-00163532 What's all this dividing the period by 2 business?
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00412-00163620-00163946 We'll answer that question towards the end of the lecture.
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00413-00164086-00164248 So now we have the score
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00414-00164248-00164846 for how much the Cosine wave at this first frequency contributes to our overall signal.
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00415-00164944-00165310 The next stage is to repeat all the steps we just took,
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00416-00165328-00165740 only now using a Sine Wave at the same frequency.
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00417-00165880-00166032 We take our signal, 
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00418-00166050-00166402 multiply it by a sine wave and then integrate,
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00419-00166420-00166774 to find the area under the graph giving the score
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00420-00166774-00167324 which represents the amplitude of the contribution of this sine wave to the overall signal.
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00421-00167528-00167778 So we now have 2 separate integrals
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00422-00167796-00168252 which I'm going to call the Cosine Integral and the Sine Integral;
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00423-00168358-00168736 but having to deal with 2 separate equations is a little messy.
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00424-00168788-00169142 Is there any way we could combine them into 1 equation?
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00425-00169218-00169540 Could we, for example, add the 2 integrals together?
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00426-00169646-00169880 Well, unfortunately, no.
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00427-00170038-00170548 That would simply give us a result which is the sum of the areas under both graphs
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00428-00170586-00170770 which would give us the wrong answer.
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00429-00170880-00171440 Remember, in order to work out the phase of the particular sine wave we are looking for,
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00430-00171460-00171790 or in other words, when exactly it occurs in our signal,
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00431-00171876-00172312 we need to keep the scores of the Cosine and Sine components separate.
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00432-00172442-00172966 But how can we do that and still combine our 2 integrals into 1 equation?
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00433-00173086-00173300 Well, in the last few lectures, 
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00434-00173306-00173642 we've been talking about a special number that does just that:
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00435-00173684-00173916 The imaginary number “i”!
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00436-00174106-00174388 If we multiply one of the integrals by “i”,
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00437-00174412-00174662 we could have our cake and eat it, so to speak;
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00438-00174714-00174858 but which integral?
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00439-00174920-00175230 Well, the integral with the Sine in it of course,
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00440-00175248-00175652 just like Euler’s formula multiplies the Sine term by “i”.
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00441-00175766-00176098 So now, if we multiply the Sine integral by “i”,
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00442-00176126-00176344 we could add the two integrals together
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00443-00176374-00176624 or even take one away from the other
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00444-00176652-00176908 and it wouldn’t make any difference to the result
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00445-00176976-00177228 as the “i” keeps them separate.
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00446-00177366-00177542 So what should we do?
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00447-00177564-00177758 Add or take away?
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00448-00177852-00178192 The answer is actually more political than mathematical.
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00449-00178230-00178380 Political, in the sense that
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00450-00178392-00178738 whereas mathematically, it doesn't really matter which sign we write,
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00451-00178760-00179158 everyone has to agree to do the same thing to avoid confusion.
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00452-00179332-00179698 In this course, we are learning about the Fourier Transform,
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00453-00179722-00180150 which is a method of breaking down signals into their constituent Sine Waves.
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00454-00180224-00180398 It stands to reason therefore
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00455-00180402-00180668 that if Fourier knows how to break signals down,
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00456-00180690-00180910 he can also take those Sine Waves
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00457-00180910-00181182 and put them back together again to recover the signal,
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00458-00181210-00181596 and indeed he can using the Inverse Fourier Transform.
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00459-00181688-00182160 We don’t have time in this course to look in any detail at the Inverse Fourier Transform,
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00460-00182178-00182800 but I will just say that the equations for the Fourier and Inverse Fourier Transforms look quite similar.
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00461-00182870-00183272 so to differentiate between them, the convention has grown up that we denote
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00462-00183272-00183550 the Fourier Transform with a minus sign between the integrals
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00463-00183576-00184016 and the Inverse Fourier Transform with a plus sign between the integrals.
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00464-00184204-00184398 So, not wanting to flout convention,
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00465-00184424-00184666 let’s combine these 2 integrals into 1 equation
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00466-00184678-00184920 by putting a minus sign between them.
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00467-00185178-00185394 Mathematicians like to be tidy.
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00468-00185454-00185902 If they can, they like to reduce their equations to be as short as possible.
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00469-00185974-00186370 For example, do we really need the 2 integration signs?
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00470-00186446-00186644 After all, as we saw,
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00471-00186660-00187164 integration is simply adding an infinite number of rectangular areas together.
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00472-00187296-00187636 Each of these integrals simply gives us a number.
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00473-00187718-00187958 So, for the sake of the following example,
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00474-00187974-00188304 let's do away with all the Cosines and Sines and trying to keep the separate for a second
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00475-00188324-00188592 and deal with some simple numbers.
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00476-00188970-00189258 Imagine I wanted to do the following calculation:
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00477-00189326-00189702 (9 plus 11) minus (2 plus 3)
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00478-00189808-00190038 9 plus 11 equals 20
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00479-00190082-00190332 and 2 plus 3 equals 5
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00480-00190374-00190708 so 20 minus 5 equals 15
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00481-00190828-00191102 However, we could remove the brackets,
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00482-00191102-00191210 making sure, of course,
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00483-00191210-00191578 to change the sign in the second set of brackets as this is a minus operation, 
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00484-00191624-00191830 and do the whole calculation at once,
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00485-00191852-00192142 without having to calculate each bracket separately.
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00486-00192220-00192462 9 plus 11 equals 20
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00487-00192480-00192690 minus 2 equals 18
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00488-00192704-00192958 minus 3 equals 15
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00489-00193196-00193350 This would appear to indicate
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00490-00193368-00193828 that just as I can combine the calculation of 2 brackets into one calculation,
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00491-00193904-00194230 so I can combine the 2 integrations into one
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00492-00194242-00194438 and we would get the same answer.
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00493-00194568-00194990 If this is true of 2 integrals which we actually do want to add together,
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00494-00195028-00195186 how much more so is it true,
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00495-00195186-00195498 of 2 integrals that we’re not really adding together at all,
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00496-00195502-00195880 because the “i” will keep the result of the second integration separate anyway. 
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00497-00196016-00196578 So we can combine the cosine and sine integrals into one, big operation.
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00498-00196736-00196924 But we can go further.
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00499-00197064-00197804 Our signal x of t is multiplied both by the sine term and the cosine term,
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00500-00197866-00198284 so we could take it out as a common factor
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00501-00198300-00198512 and put everything else in brackets.
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00502-00198600-00198778 But hey! Look at this:
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00503-00198782-00198928 Inside the brackets:
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00504-00198948-00199110 It’s Euler’s Formula
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00505-00199146-00199358 with a few minor differences.
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00506-00199522-00199924 The theta in our case is 2ᴨft
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00507-00199992-00200386 and instead of adding sine and cosine terms together,
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00508-00200398-00200598 we are subtracting them instead.
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00509-00200698-00200956 So we can replace the entire brackets 
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00510-00200962-00201408 with e to the minus i2ᴨft.
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00511-00201502-00202072 The minus is there because we have cosine term minus the sine term.
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00512-00202236-00202514 So this gives us a neat equation
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00513-00202514-00203060 which describes how we calculate the contribution of the cosine and sine terms 
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00514-00203074-00203276 at our first test frequency.
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00515-00203406-00203960 Now we need to run this equation again and again for lots of different frequencies,
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00516-00203988-00204382 or in other words, we need to keep changing the value of “f”.
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00517-00204514-00204736 We write less like this.
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00518-00205004-00205190 n is an index.
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00519-00205292-00205456 When n equals 1,
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00520-00205456-00205912 we are testing our signal with our first test frequency f₁,
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00521-00205988-00206288 and we get a result: c₁
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00522-00206432-00206676 c₁ is a complex number
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00523-00206728-00207348 whose real part tells us the score for the contribution of the Cosine wave at frequency 1
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00524-00207390-00208062 and whose Imaginary part tells us the score for the contribution of the Sine wave at frequency 1.
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00525-00208200-00208354 When n equals 2,
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00526-00208382-00208804 we test our signal with our next frequency: f₂
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00527-00208921-00209169 and we get a result: c₂
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00528-00209282-00209498 c₂ is also a complex number
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00529-00209538-00209994 whose real part tells us the score for the contribution of the Cosine wave at frequency 2
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00530-00210030-00210560 and whose Imaginary part tells us the score for the contribution of the Sine wave at frequency 2.
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00531-00210630-00211158 And so it is for c₂, c₃, c₄ and so on.
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00532-00211267-00211840 We generalize this by calling the terms by the collective name cₙ.
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00533-00212254-00212464 So that’s it! There you have it.
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00534-00212532-00212734 This is how the Fourier Transform works
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00535-00212767-00212914 and what the equation means.
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00536-00212942-00213264 Job done, end of course.
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00537-00213471-00213792 Well, not quite.
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00538-00214108-00214573 What we have just calculated here is not the Fourier transform.
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00539-00214732-00214896 It's a Fourier series!
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00540-00215016-00215140 What’s the difference?
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00541-00215284-00215402 Remember Fourier’s claim
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00542-00215402-00215896 that any function could be expanded in a series of Sines of multiples of the variable?
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00543-00215969-00216321 Well, this claim was a hotly debated subject at the time.
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00544-00216394-00216623 As we learned in the introduction to the course,
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00545-00216630-00217210 eminent mathematicians like Lagrange and Laplace both challenged Fourier’s paper on the subject,
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00546-00217226-00217428 and, it seems with good reason.
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00547-00217500-00217846 It took the further work of Peter Gustav Lejeune Dirichlet
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00548-00217852-00218176 to give a satisfactory demonstration of Fourier’s claim.
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00549-00218260-00218816 However, there were certain restrictive conditions that had to exist for Fourier’s idea,
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00550-00218838-00219117 as he proposed it in his paper, to work.
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00551-00219290-00219712 The problem with Fourier’s claim is indicated by the limits of the integral.
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00552-00219794-00220184 Remember that we found the area under the graph of the multiplied signal
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00553-00220198-00220454 over 1 cycle of the signal;
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00554-00220510-00220856 from time equals zero to the period of the signal,
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00555-00220917-00221104 or as we wrote it before,
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00556-00221117-00221540 from minus half of the period of the signal to plus half of the period.
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00557-00221778-00222094 Only repeating signals have a cycle.
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00558-00222169-00222392 The whole meaning of the word “cycle”
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00559-00222398-00222706 is something that goes around and around again and again,
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00560-00222740-00223052 or in other words, a signal that keeps repeating itself.
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00561-00223164-00223598 The problem is: repeating signals are not the only signals out there.
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00562-00223669-00224188 In fact, most of the useful signals we encounter from day to day don't repeat themselves.
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00563-00224264-00224610 The words that I am saying to you now are a kind of signal;
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00564-00224616-00224742 a sound signal.
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00565-00224844-00225292 If I was to repeat same sentence to you over and over again in this lecture,
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00566-00225296-00225594 you'd very quickly get bored, and most likely switch off
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00567-00225619-00226026 as no new information can be imparted in a repeating signal.
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00568-00226154-00226838 Hence Fourier’s claim that any signal can be expanded in a series of Sines cannot be true.
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00569-00226916-00227390 Only repeating signals can be expanded in a Series of Sines.
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00570-00227534-00227740 But here we are spending all this time
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00571-00227742-00228116 learning about a mathematical idea that is so revolutionary
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00572-00228128-00228498 it underpins most of the electronic communications we have nowadays
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00573-00228523-00229006 not to mention many other applications that Fourier couldn't have even dreamed of.
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00574-00229098-00229582 If the Fourier series only allows us to model a small proportion of signals,
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00575-00229662-00229838 how comes it's so useful?
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00576-00229996-00230252 Well, that was thanks to Derichlet
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00577-00230276-00230704 who made some small but significant changes to Fourier’s equation.
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00578-00230836-00230964 “What happens”, he asked,
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00579-00230978-00231226 “if the signal doesn't repeat itself?”
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00580-00231338-00231556 If a signal doesn't repeat itself,
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00581-00231566-00231784 then it cannot have a period
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00582-00231858-00232034 … or can it?
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00583-00232167-00232616 The word “never” suggests: “infinity”.
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00584-00232762-00233128 Maybe we could say that the signal actually does repeat itself,
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00585-00233152-00233564 but it will only repeat itself after an infinite amount of time.
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00586-00233628-00234202 Therefore the limits of the integral must expand to encompass the whole of time,
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00587-00234226-00234604 from minus infinity to plus infinity,
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00588-00234666-00234838 or to put it another way,
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00589-00234869-00235126 the signal has never repeated itself,
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00590-00235166-00235467 and the signal will never repeat itself again.
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00591-00235606-00235988 This is why I changed the limits of the Fourier series equation before 
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00592-00236017-00236380 from looking at the signal from time equals zero to the period,
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00593-00236426-00236917 to looking at the signal from minus half the period to plus half the period.
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00594-00237002-00237271 I wanted the integral to remain consistent
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00595-00237271-00237576 with the way we write the Fourier Transform equation,
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00596-00237588-00237788 looking in both directions,
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00597-00237792-00238221 into the past and into the future of the signal.
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00598-00238402-00238569 But now we have a problem 
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00599-00238606-00238902 and that problem is called “Infinity”.
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00600-00239028-00239258 How can we calculate the infinite?
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00601-00239356-00239471 As we'll see,
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00602-00239471-00239938 it's not only the period of the non-repeating signal that is going to become infinite,
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00603-00239952-00240398 but also the length of the list of Sine waves that we need to describe it.
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00604-00240517-00240748 Come with me as we journey,
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00605-00240764-00240986 “Into the Infinite”;
+7gVwAwn8a4o-00606-00241056-00241771 and we discover how Derichlet turned “Fourier Series” into the “Fourier Transform”.
+7ilwP1W-P_U-00000-00001682-00002325 Molluscum contagiosum is a common skin infection caused by a poxvirus that primarily affects
+7ilwP1W-P_U-00001-00002325-00002425 children.
+7ilwP1W-P_U-00002-00002425-00002834 Currently there is no FDA-approved treatment for molluscum.
+7ilwP1W-P_U-00003-00002834-00003529 Phase 3 clinical trials suggest that VP-102, a combination drug-device product, could be
+7ilwP1W-P_U-00004-00003529-00004118 safe and effective for use in molluscum participants aged 2 or older.
+7ilwP1W-P_U-00005-00004118-00004792 VP-102 is a shelf-stable, proprietary drug-device combination product containing a topical solution
+7ilwP1W-P_U-00006-00004792-00005486 of the active ingredient cantharidin (a vesicant), along with acetone, gentian violet (a surgical
+7ilwP1W-P_U-00007-00005486-00005875 dye), and denatonium benzoate (a bittering agent).
+7ilwP1W-P_U-00008-00005875-00006385 Once the solution is applied to molluscum lesions, it dries to form a thin flexible
+7ilwP1W-P_U-00009-00006385-00006523 film.
+7ilwP1W-P_U-00010-00006523-00007205 VP-102 should be removed by washing with soap and water approximately 24 hours after treatment.
+7ilwP1W-P_U-00011-00007205-00007961 Two randomized, double-blind, vehicle-controlled phase 3 trials named CAMP-1 and CAMP-2 were
+7ilwP1W-P_U-00012-00007961-00008744 conducted to evaluate VP-102 in treating molluscum in participants 2 years or older.
+7ilwP1W-P_U-00013-00008744-00009213 Study participants were 2 years of age and older and had received a clinical diagnosis
+7ilwP1W-P_U-00014-00009213-00009338 of molluscum.
+7ilwP1W-P_U-00015-00009338-00009865 There were no limits to lesion counts, only that all of the participants’ lesions could be treated
+7ilwP1W-P_U-00016-00009865-00010396 with the solution from a maximum of 2 applicators per visit.
+7ilwP1W-P_U-00017-00010396-00011068 Study participants were randomized at baseline to receive either VP-102 or vehicle, applied
+7ilwP1W-P_U-00018-00011068-00011898 to any baseline and new lesions present on days 1, 21, 42, and 63, with an end of study
+7ilwP1W-P_U-00019-00011898-00012142 visit at day 84.
+7ilwP1W-P_U-00020-00012142-00012709 Participants came in for a safety visit on Day 2 and were also contacted by phone to
+7ilwP1W-P_U-00021-00012709-00013413 ask about their response to treatment within 24 hours, 7 days, and 14 days after each treatment
+7ilwP1W-P_U-00022-00013413-00013528 visit.
+7ilwP1W-P_U-00023-00013607-00014284 The primary efficacy endpoint was the proportion of VP-102-treated participants achieving complete
+7ilwP1W-P_U-00024-00014284-00014838 clearance of all treatable baseline and new molluscum lesions at the end of the study
+7ilwP1W-P_U-00025-00014838-00014938 visit.
+7ilwP1W-P_U-00026-00014938-00015611 The secondary efficacy endpoint included the proportion of VP-102-treated participants
+7ilwP1W-P_U-00027-00015611-00016119 achieving complete clearance of all treatable baseline and new molluscum lesions at each
+7ilwP1W-P_U-00028-00016119-00016235 visit.
+7ilwP1W-P_U-00029-00016235-00016854 The percentage change in lesion count from baseline to each visit was also measured as
+7ilwP1W-P_U-00030-00016854-00017115 an exploratory endpoint.
+7ilwP1W-P_U-00031-00017115-00017870 310 participants were treated with VP-102 and 218 were treated with vehicle.
+7ilwP1W-P_U-00032-00017870-00018441 Fifty percent of participants receiving VP-102 achieved complete clearance of all lesions
+7ilwP1W-P_U-00033-00018441-00019126 at the end of the study period, while only 15.6% of participants receiving vehicle achieved
+7ilwP1W-P_U-00034-00019126-00019281 complete clearance.
+7ilwP1W-P_U-00035-00019281-00019794 Additionally, statistically significantly higher percentages of participants receiving
+7ilwP1W-P_U-00036-00019794-00020404 VP-102 achieved complete lesion clearance beginning after a single treatment at treatment
+7ilwP1W-P_U-00037-00020404-00020834 visit 2 versus participants receiving vehicle and continued
+7ilwP1W-P_U-00038-00020834-00020992 throughout the study.
+7ilwP1W-P_U-00039-00020992-00021579 By the end of the study, mean molluscum lesion counts had decreased by 76% for participants
+7ilwP1W-P_U-00040-00021579-00022284 treated with VP-102 versus 0.3% for participants treated with vehicle.
+7ilwP1W-P_U-00041-00022284-00022806 For example, a subject in the VP-102 group could have had 100 lesions at
+7ilwP1W-P_U-00042-00022806-00023437 baseline, with a decrease to approximately 24 lesions at the end of the study, or a subject
+7ilwP1W-P_U-00043-00023437-00024015 with 25 lesions at baseline with a decrease to approximately 6 lesions at the end of the
+7ilwP1W-P_U-00044-00024015-00024198 study.
+7ilwP1W-P_U-00045-00024198-00024792 The vehicle group showed essentially no change in percentage of lesions across the study.
+7ilwP1W-P_U-00046-00024792-00025416 The most common adverse events in the VP-102 group were application site blistering, itch,
+7ilwP1W-P_U-00047-00025416-00026019 pain, and erythema which were generally mild or moderate in severity and expected due to
+7ilwP1W-P_U-00048-00026019-00026383 the pharmacodynamic action of the active ingredient cantharidin.
+7ilwP1W-P_U-00049-00026383-00026807 There were no serious adverse events reported that were considered related to treatment
+7ilwP1W-P_U-00050-00026807-00026977 with VP-102.
+7ilwP1W-P_U-00051-00026977-00027532 The pooled results of the CAMP studies offer robust efficacy and safety data that support
+7ilwP1W-P_U-00052-00027532-00028222 the use of VP-102 for the treatment of molluscum in patients 2 years of age or older if approved
+7ilwP1W-P_U-00053-00028222-00028416 by the FDA.
+7ilwP1W-P_U-00054-00028416-00028869 The findings could help healthcare professionals and caregivers deliver effective care for
+7ilwP1W-P_U-00055-00028869-00029863 molluscum and may manage expectations regarding treatment outcomes.
+7jvmj1_8pcA-00000-00000204-00000305 Hey folx,
+7jvmj1_8pcA-00001-00000305-00000577 this is Bogdan, but you can call me Bogdan Raczynski.
+7jvmj1_8pcA-00002-00000577-00000749 Why am I whispering?
+7jvmj1_8pcA-00003-00000749-00000893 Why are you shouting?
+7jvmj1_8pcA-00004-00000893-00001241 We don't have much time.
+7jvmj1_8pcA-00005-00001241-00001408 This is Plinky.
+7jvmj1_8pcA-00006-00001408-00001789 Have you seen anything like this before?
+7jvmj1_8pcA-00007-00001789-00001914 Ever?
+7jvmj1_8pcA-00008-00001914-00002381 I'll answer that for you - no, no you haven't.
+7jvmj1_8pcA-00009-00002381-00002672 Because there's never been anything like this before.
+7jvmj1_8pcA-00010-00002672-00003383 If I were you, I'd get one and put it into a glass frame and hang it up on your wall.
+7jvmj1_8pcA-00011-00003383-00003682 Keep your grubby hands off it.
+7jvmj1_8pcA-00012-00003682-00004071 But if you absolutely insist, it can make sounds too.
+7jvmj1_8pcA-00013-00004071-00004746 In fact, it's an 8 voice polyphonic touch synth.
+7jvmj1_8pcA-00014-00004746-00005219 Modulate the wee wobbler with 4 external CV modulation sources.
+7jvmj1_8pcA-00015-00005219-00005590 Or midi.
+7jvmj1_8pcA-00016-00005590-00006237 Placate or accentuate your mood with 64 pads.
+7jvmj1_8pcA-00017-00006237-00006714 It's a moody, melancholy machine!
+7jvmj1_8pcA-00018-00006714-00007284 It has 8 inputs and 8 outputs.
+7jvmj1_8pcA-00019-00007284-00007884 It has a delay and reverb.
+7jvmj1_8pcA-00020-00007884-00008804 You can even record up to 8 samples, each split into 8 slices.
+7jvmj1_8pcA-00021-00008804-00009718 The modulation matrix is so deep my eyes are watering.
+7jvmj1_8pcA-00022-00009718-00010180 I've stepped into a deep well.
+7jvmj1_8pcA-00023-00010180-00010618 Don't tell anyone I'm here.
+7jvmj1_8pcA-00024-00010618-00011766 Fits in a shapely 24 HP for your eurorack modular synth system.
+7jvmj1_8pcA-00025-00011766-00013319 Or if you like, you can use it as a standalone with micro-USB power.
+7jvmj1_8pcA-00026-00013319-00015586 It's like a little baby - you have no idea what you've just gotten yourself into.
+7jvmj1_8pcA-00027-00015586-00016540 Shower it with time.
+7jvmj1_8pcA-00028-00016540-00016736 Grow together.
+7jvmj1_8pcA-00029-00016736-00018093 Savour the memories as the joy unfolds.
+7kJlGuJ_mXE-00000-00000000-00001273 https://beautylacehair.com/product-category/hd-lace-wig/
+7kXf6jdoL-0-00001-00005051-00006061 get over here get out of here
+7kXf6jdoL-0-00002-00006061-00006161 oh
+7kXf6jdoL-0-00003-00006161-00006261 is
+7kXf6jdoL-0-00004-00006261-00006889 i'm pulling out the [ __ ] sledgehammer
+7kXf6jdoL-0-00005-00006889-00007855 pulling out this place
+7kXf6jdoL-0-00006-00007855-00008097 bro
+7kXf6jdoL-0-00007-00008097-00008647 ah come on come on
+7kXf6jdoL-0-00008-00008647-00008933 a piece
+7kXf6jdoL-0-00009-00008933-00009650 though so i don't give a [ __ ]
+7kXf6jdoL-0-00010-00009650-00011171 because i'm searching for ammo there's no ammo i said that
+7kXf6jdoL-0-00011-00011171-00013228 go go go go everyone's just somebody guarded [ __ ] back if you would help me bash it on
+7kXf6jdoL-0-00012-00013228-00013590 your way
+7kXf6jdoL-0-00013-00013590-00013770 um
+7kXf6jdoL-0-00014-00013770-00014315 i'm getting poisoned
+7kXf6jdoL-0-00015-00014315-00014495 hurry
+7kXf6jdoL-0-00016-00014495-00014859 several times
+7kXf6jdoL-0-00017-00014859-00015765 hurry up about you guys
+7kXf6jdoL-0-00018-00015765-00016115 oh
+7kXf6jdoL-0-00020-00019838-00022359 to happen where is that noise what is it that was he noise what is that oh oh my god oh
+7kXf6jdoL-0-00021-00022359-00023731 god retreat oh no come back in here what they are going over there what's up nick b becker
+7kXf6jdoL-0-00022-00023731-00024442 back up back up back up back up back up back up oh jesus christ oh my god
+7kXf6jdoL-0-00023-00024442-00024678 got it i got this
+7kXf6jdoL-0-00024-00024678-00025604 oh my god that's not doing nothing to them i ain't gonna lie
+7kXf6jdoL-0-00025-00025604-00026114 they do not look bothered by that
+7kXf6jdoL-0-00026-00026114-00026338 ow i'm on fire
+7kXf6jdoL-0-00027-00026338-00026438 that
+7kXf6jdoL-0-00028-00026438-00026538 get up
+7kXf6jdoL-0-00029-00026538-00026638 right
+7kXf6jdoL-0-00030-00026638-00026738 yes
+7kXf6jdoL-0-00031-00026738-00026838 oh
+7kXf6jdoL-0-00032-00026838-00028312 a few moments later and this [ __ ] can't climb any higher than that bro if you don't
+7kXf6jdoL-0-00033-00028312-00029429 jump up there and get the mother yo what is going on if you don't get the goddamn piece
+7kXf6jdoL-0-00034-00029429-00029550 of [ __ ]
+7kXf6jdoL-0-00035-00029550-00029670 i'm dead
+7kXf6jdoL-0-00036-00029670-00029770 congratulations
+7kXf6jdoL-0-00037-00029770-00030470 oh god not my dad how about saying you're gonna be there you're gonna be there by yourself
+7kXf6jdoL-0-00038-00030470-00030727 for a minute well damn
+7kXf6jdoL-0-00039-00030727-00030881 and i'm dead
+7kXf6jdoL-0-00040-00030881-00031086 a few moments later
+7kXf6jdoL-0-00041-00031086-00031188 get up
+7kXf6jdoL-0-00042-00031188-00031288 okay
+7kXf6jdoL-0-00043-00031288-00032699 a few moments later i made it yes i made it a few moments later don't grab onto the light
+7kXf6jdoL-0-00044-00032699-00033580 [ __ ] do not grab on to the light oh he's grabbing onto the light uh i'm literally hanging
+7kXf6jdoL-0-00045-00033580-00033899 on by a light a few moments later
+7kXf6jdoL-0-00046-00033899-00034011 a few moments later
+7kXf6jdoL-0-00047-00034011-00034791 yes bro shut up look a few moments later tell me how i got onto the ladder and everything
+7kXf6jdoL-0-00048-00034791-00035780 climbing up this [ __ ] and i'm still getting yeah i gotta get off the ground yeah
+7kXf6jdoL-0-00049-00035780-00036313 a few moments later i cheated the system i changed the system now i gotta get across
+7kXf6jdoL-0-00050-00036313-00036427 here few moments later
+7kXf6jdoL-0-00051-00036427-00036757 come on [ __ ] a few moments later i'm about to tell this [ __ ] controller a few moments
+7kXf6jdoL-0-00052-00036757-00037041 later if i can get the stupid [ __ ] to grab this guy bro he won't even grab the [ __ ] pipe
+7kXf6jdoL-0-00053-00037041-00037146 anymore a few moments later
+7kXf6jdoL-0-00054-00037146-00037996 a few moments later yo bruh if you don't grab why aren't you grabbing the goddamn pipes
+7kXf6jdoL-0-00055-00037996-00038251 a few moments later oh
+7kXf6jdoL-0-00056-00038251-00038404 it's your fault
+7kXf6jdoL-0-00057-00038404-00039084 a few moments later finally well i'll be down what up my boys
+7kXf6jdoL-0-00058-00039084-00039456 your boy is alive well damn oh your last one
+7kXf6jdoL-0-00060-00044899-00046218 stop those firecrackers at me at home
+7kXf6jdoL-0-00062-00052379-00052832 it's a boss fight coming up
+7kXf6jdoL-0-00063-00052832-00053677 oh well i'll be damn k9
+7kXf6jdoL-0-00064-00053677-00056200 yeah y'all have fun down there  oh god no no no playing here there's no fun
+7kXf6jdoL-0-00065-00056200-00057424 here oh my god oh my god there's no fun here there's no fun don't come out here there's
+7kXf6jdoL-0-00066-00057424-00058279 no fun down here there's no fun down here there's no fun guys there's no fun down here
+7kXf6jdoL-0-00067-00058279-00059426 there's no [ __ ] guys what's up there's no one there's no fun down here that's what i
+7kXf6jdoL-0-00068-00059426-00059622 said what's up
+7kXf6jdoL-0-00069-00059622-00060644 but adults are bad she does this find you all the way back to the other thing
+7kXf6jdoL-0-00070-00060644-00061635 no oh thank god we don't have to go through all that again oh thank god
+7kXf6jdoL-0-00071-00061635-00062208 but yeah there you go mr archer there you go mr archer
+7kXf6jdoL-0-00072-00062208-00063733 yo shoot that shoot the big one that she [ __ ] the rest of them right now i can't because
+7kXf6jdoL-0-00073-00063733-00064133 he's that's the hair that metal [ __ ] is blocking
+7kXf6jdoL-0-00074-00064133-00064233 wow
+7kXf6jdoL-0-00075-00064233-00064333 me
+7kXf6jdoL-0-00076-00064333-00065198 yeah we have to take his ass out and take out the little ones first yeah
+7kXf6jdoL-0-00077-00065198-00065560 oh
+7kXf6jdoL-0-00078-00065560-00066063 a few moments later
+7kXf6jdoL-0-00079-00066063-00066720 a few moments later [ __ ] it i'm going down for a death
+7kXf6jdoL-0-00080-00066720-00067958 don't look at me like that a few moments later i got some points come on come on come on
+7kXf6jdoL-0-00081-00067958-00068525 come on oh [ __ ] you're freezing all right hello
+7kXf6jdoL-0-00082-00068525-00069089 oh my jesus christ uh what's what's wld guys
+7kXf6jdoL-0-00083-00069089-00069279 did you think
+7kXf6jdoL-0-00084-00069279-00069547 a few moments later oh my god
+7kXf6jdoL-0-00085-00069547-00070429 oh my god where's
+7kXf6jdoL-0-00086-00070429-00071691 a few moments  later
+7kXf6jdoL-0-00087-00071691-00071791 oh
+7kXf6jdoL-0-00088-00071791-00072614 ball a few moments later
+7kXf6jdoL-0-00089-00072614-00072788 a few moments later
+7kXf6jdoL-0-00090-00072788-00073504 oh my god
+7kXf6jdoL-0-00091-00073504-00074804 a few moments later yeah we're gonna stay right here and let the actually do all the
+7kXf6jdoL-0-00092-00074804-00074955 work
+7kXf6jdoL-0-00093-00074955-00075257 a few moments later they still
+7kXf6jdoL-0-00094-00075257-00075407 zombies zombies
+7kXf6jdoL-0-00095-00075407-00075564 zombies zombies yeah
+7kXf6jdoL-0-00096-00075564-00076211 see the [ __ ] fly in my face that's another one
+7kXf6jdoL-0-00097-00076211-00076311 hey
+7kXf6jdoL-0-00098-00076311-00076411 i
+7kXf6jdoL-0-00100-00080876-00081258 i wanna be
+7kXf6jdoL-0-00101-00081258-00081358 y'all
+7kXf6jdoL-0-00102-00081358-00081801 we're not friends anymore
+7kXf6jdoL-0-00103-00081801-00081901 oh
+7kXf6jdoL-0-00104-00081901-00084384 don't see me don't see me [ __ ] see me i mean that's why i killed myself
+7kXf6jdoL-0-00106-00088807-00091072 moments later
+7kXf6jdoL-0-00107-00091072-00091172 oh
+7kXf6jdoL-0-00108-00091172-00091366 myself
+7kXf6jdoL-0-00109-00091366-00091660 ah
+7kXf6jdoL-0-00110-00091660-00094561 the wall he ran into the wall get him get him getting good
+7kXf6jdoL-0-00113-00106423-00107966 prison 
+7kXf6jdoL-0-00114-00107966-00109252 me  i did i'm pretty sure everybody did
+7kXf6jdoL-0-00115-00109252-00110791 yeah 
+7kXf6jdoL-0-00117-00116684-00117201 the mistakes was made
+7kXf6jdoL-0-00118-00117201-00117529 right mistakes
+7kXf6jdoL-0-00119-00117529-00118788 well 
+7kXf6jdoL-0-00120-00118788-00119883 i'll be damned
+7kXf6jdoL-0-00121-00119883-00121846 i got to go back home now y'all all right
+7kXf6jdoL-0-00122-00121846-00122064 you want to try again
+7kXf6jdoL-0-00123-00122064-00124723 i never got it
+7kXf6jdoL-0-00124-00124723-00127197 you better be glad that we can't fight each other i beat your ass right now i'm about
+7kXf6jdoL-0-00126-00130548-00130845 oh
+7kXf6jdoL-0-00128-00137491-00139011 prison 
+7kXf6jdoL-0-00129-00139011-00140314 your mother
+7kXf6jdoL-0-00130-00140314-00143115 but 
+7kXf6jdoL-0-00131-00143115-00143587 that prison
+7kXf6jdoL-0-00133-00148483-00150190 you can't hit me
+7kXf6jdoL-0-00134-00150190-00153057 life
+7kXf6jdoL-0-00135-00153057-00155924 myself
+7kXf6jdoL-0-00136-00155924-00156024 gotta kick everybody
+7kXf6jdoL-0-00137-00156024-00157757 [ __ ] alone down
+82sJXUuqPuy-00000-00049246-00049706 Evidently you can just shake it downwards to make stuff fall out and pile it up to jump up there. Thanks for telling me InTheMug! (Channel link in the description and cards)
+82_etSpVOO0-00000-00000103-00000203 Hey Everyone
+82_etSpVOO0-00001-00001703-00001810 Doing snowboard.
+82_etSpVOO0-00002-00004303-00004403 Getting hit.
+82_etSpVOO0-00003-00005003-00005203 Here you can play with people.
+82_etSpVOO0-00004-00012303-00012523 Snowing my board down to village.
+82_etSpVOO0-00005-00019903-00020090 Touring the village street. 
+82_etSpVOO0-00006-00029903-00030010 Goodbye Everyone
+83dQyym37yu-00000-00000190-00000578 I'm Ana P. Santos  I'm a freelance journalist based in Manila Philippines.
+83dQyym37yu-00001-00000616-00000953 My name is Elroi.  I'm a deputy executive producer at R.AGE
+83dQyym37yu-00002-00000953-00001248 so I produce documentaries for the platform.
+83dQyym37yu-00003-00001292-00001602 My name is Reem Khalifa, I'm a Bahraini independent journalist.
+83dQyym37yu-00004-00001662-00002056 My name is Ernest Sagaga. I am the head of the department of
+83dQyym37yu-00005-00002056-00002448 the International Federation of  Journalists in charge of human rights and safety of journalists.
+83dQyym37yu-00006-00002500-00002944 I am Viranjana Herath. I'm a lawyer and journalist from Sri Lanka.
+83dQyym37yu-00007-00003060-00003390 Hello. My name is Rachidatou Altine. I'm a journalist from Niger.
+83dQyym37yu-00008-00003482-00004208 I am Jerry Edouard, I work as a journalist for a local newscast in Madagascar.
+83dQyym37yu-00009-00004208-00005006 I also represent the media within the national office against trafficking in persons.
+83dQyym37yu-00010-00005114-00005408 I'm Saada Allow, a journalist from Lebanon.
+83dQyym37yu-00011-00005450-00005824 I became a journalist advocating human rights in general
+83dQyym37yu-00012-00005836-00006190 especially the rights of children and marginalised people.
+83dQyym37yu-00013-00006272-00006580 I'm Rejimon K. Now I'm currently based in India.
+83dQyym37yu-00014-00006580-00006866 I work as a senior investigator of workers' rights with Akira
+83dQyym37yu-00015-00006866-00007123 and at the same time I'm also an independent journalist.
+83dQyym37yu-00016-00007200-00007480 (no sound)
+83dQyym37yu-00017-00007662-00008045 I'm Malek el-Khaldi from Tunis.
+83dQyym37yu-00018-00008045-00008728 I've reported on forced labour and human trafficking, especially for sex work and domestic labour.
+83dQyym37yu-00019-00008796-00009154 I'm Vani Saraswati, the associate editor
+83dQyym37yu-00020-00009154-00009488 and director of projects of migrantrights.org
+87uMq6RgHXu-00000-00000000-00000303 Welcome to Crash Course in Adobe Creative Cloud.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00001-00000303-00000536 My name is Becky Wiegand and I am the Webinar Program Manager
+87uMq6RgHXu-00002-00000536-00000949 here at TechSoup Global. And I am happy to be your host for today’s event.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00003-00000950-00001456 Also joining us today is a preeminent expert in Adobe Creative Cloud, Paul Trani,
+87uMq6RgHXu-00004-00001456-00001979 the Senior Worldwide Creative Cloud Evangelist who’s going to be talking to us today
+87uMq6RgHXu-00005-00001980-00002443 about his experience and his passion helping designers build compelling content
+87uMq6RgHXu-00006-00002443-00002863 using their creativity and new technology with Adobe Creative Cloud.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00007-00002863-00003339 Whether it is using 3-D printing, touch devices, or building cutting edge web
+87uMq6RgHXu-00008-00003340-00003670 and mobile experiences, Paul is an award-winning designer
+87uMq6RgHXu-00009-00003670-00004063 and an Adobe certified instructor. He has been doing this for 15 years,
+87uMq6RgHXu-00010-00004063-00004486 so I am glad to have him here to help share his experience and excitement
+87uMq6RgHXu-00011-00004486-00004946 about Adobe Creative Cloud with you today. You will also see on the back end Terry McGrath
+87uMq6RgHXu-00012-00004946-00005409 from Adobe. We are also joined by Clint Funk who is from Adobe and who will be our expert
+87uMq6RgHXu-00013-00005410-00005960 on the Soup Chat immediately following in our forums. You will see Sun Park, Karina Zubia,
+87uMq6RgHXu-00014-00005960-00006303 and Ale Bezdikian who are all from TechSoup who are on hand to help answer your questions
+87uMq6RgHXu-00015-00006303-00006659 and help you with any technical issues throughout the webinar.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00016-00006659-00007070 We at TechSoup are here in our headquarters in San Francisco. Go ahead and let us know
+87uMq6RgHXu-00017-00007070-00007363 where you are joining us from. Paul is joining from Colorado today.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00018-00007363-00007776 Chat in to let us know where you are on the line from. We have 180 people in the room
+87uMq6RgHXu-00019-00007776-00008203 at the moment and that number is climbing quickly.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00020-00008203-00008656 While we do that to see where you are all from, a quick agenda look,
+87uMq6RgHXu-00021-00008656-00008963 we will do an introduction to TechSoup for those of you who aren’t familiar.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00022-00008963-00009493 We will have a quick couple of polls to gauge your experience using Adobe Creative Cloud.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00023-00009493-00010053 And then we will talk about the latest in print and web which is the way that we know
+87uMq6RgHXu-00024-00010053-00010623 most nonprofits are using Adobe tools right now. And so we will talk about
+87uMq6RgHXu-00025-00010623-00011046 and be able to see in real time some of the great things you can do with Photoshop, Illustrator,
+87uMq6RgHXu-00026-00011046-00011499 Muse and InDesign. And then Paul will also talk about mobile to desktop workloads.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00027-00011500-00011900 We’ll have a few minutes just to talk about the Adobe Creative Cloud offer that’s available
+87uMq6RgHXu-00028-00011900-00012323 through TechSoup, have some time for Q&A. And then again, we will have you join us
+87uMq6RgHXu-00029-00012323-00012746 in our Soup Chat in the forms immediately after if you have additional questions.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00030-00012746-00013196 So we are here at TechSoup Global a network of 63 partner NGOs around the world
+87uMq6RgHXu-00031-00013196-00013736 serving 120+ countries. And we do this all over this map anyplace you see dots,
+87uMq6RgHXu-00032-00013736-00014509 serving 615,000 NGOs worldwide to the tune of nearly $5 billion in donated technology products
+87uMq6RgHXu-00033-00014510-00015123 and grants for the social good, to nonprofits, libraries, NGOs, foundations, all across the
+87uMq6RgHXu-00034-00015123-00015549 board. I’m happy to have been a recipient of many of those donations at 3 small nonprofits
+87uMq6RgHXu-00035-00015550-00016093 before I started at TechSoup. You can learn more about our programs at TechSoup.org.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00036-00016093-00016563 Now getting into the topic of the day with Adobe, this is a quick look at all
+87uMq6RgHXu-00037-00016563-00016973 of the different programs that are available in Adobe’s Creative Cloud.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00038-00016973-00017466 You’ll see at the top of the page a link to where you can learn about the current offerings.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00039-00017466-00017836 We will talk more about this later on in the program. But if you want to skip ahead
+87uMq6RgHXu-00040-00017836-00018346 and look at that link you are welcome to go to TechSoup.org/Adobe to see both the discounted
+87uMq6RgHXu-00041-00018346-00019019 Creative Cloud offer and some donated offers of specific Adobe applications
+87uMq6RgHXu-00042-00019020-00019586 that you can get through our donation program. It includes a lot of different applications
+87uMq6RgHXu-00043-00019586-00019909 that you may already be using like Photoshop, Illustrator, and InDesign.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00044-00019910-00020606 And for those of you doing video production or audio work, there is so much in this package.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00045-00020606-00020873 So we won’t be able to cover everything in the course of an hour.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00046-00020873-00021499 But we want to make sure that you get a good overview of what Creative Cloud has to offer.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00047-00021500-00022073 So before we do that, go ahead and click on your screen what is your level of proficiency
+87uMq6RgHXu-00048-00022073-00022519 with Adobe Creative Cloud apps now? We called it Adobe Creative Cloud here
+87uMq6RgHXu-00049-00022520-00022993 because that’s what we’re talking about today. But maybe you are a proficient user
+87uMq6RgHXu-00050-00022993-00023466 of Photoshop installed on your desktop, or InDesign. So if there is something like that
+87uMq6RgHXu-00051-00023466-00023876 go ahead and chat into us to let us know because we know people
+87uMq6RgHXu-00052-00023876-00024386 may be a pretty skilled expert in one tool and maybe not in the others.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00053-00024386-00024959 So let us know if there is some other that doesn’t fit on this short list of options.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00054-00024960-00025403 A couple of people are commenting that they are skilled at most. We have a lot of people
+87uMq6RgHXu-00055-00025403-00025966 chiming in saying they understand the basics or use InDesign and illustrator frequently.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00056-00025966-00026263 Thanks for chatting in. We’re going to give just a couple more seconds
+87uMq6RgHXu-00057-00026263-00026763 so everyone can participate. Karen comments, “I’ve hired people that know how
+87uMq6RgHXu-00058-00026763-00027213 to use the programs.” I have totally been in that boat too. Lots of people said
+87uMq6RgHXu-00059-00027213-00027653 that they use Photoshop and Acrobat on their desktop, they are skilled in the desktop
+87uMq6RgHXu-00060-00027653-00028089 or CS version, this Creative Suite version. So this may be the first introduction
+87uMq6RgHXu-00061-00028089-00028433 to the Creative Suite. I’m going to show the results really quickly
+87uMq6RgHXu-00062-00028433-00028733 and then I have one other quick question before hand it over to Paul
+87uMq6RgHXu-00063-00028733-00029199 to show us what it’s all about. So what is your level of proficiency?
+87uMq6RgHXu-00064-00029200-00029753 58% say they understand the basics of some of those apps. So that’s good to know.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00065-00029753-00030293 We do have quite a few people that have never used them at all. A much smaller percentage,
+87uMq6RgHXu-00066-00030293-00030773 less than 7% that feel like they are skilled at most of these apps.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00067-00030773-00031199 So we will probably spend a bit more time showing some of the cool things
+87uMq6RgHXu-00068-00031200-00031610 that can be done, and maybe highlighting some of the cool things you can do
+87uMq6RgHXu-00069-00031610-00032376 with the basics too, because it looks like many people are basic or below in their skill level.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00070-00032376-00032963 Let’s see, have you signed up for Creative Cloud membership at Adobe.com yet?
+87uMq6RgHXu-00071-00032963-00033563 This is just for us to get an idea of who is already using it and who is not,
+87uMq6RgHXu-00072-00033563-00034023 or maybe you signed up and you haven’t actually begun using it yet.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00073-00034023-00034503 Maybe you are thinking about requesting it and haven’t gotten there yet. So let us know.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00074-00034503-00034996 And this again, helps inform us as your presenters today about where you are at
+87uMq6RgHXu-00075-00034996-00035499 and how you are feeling about it. Lots of people saying they have a personal membership.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00076-00035500-00035876 Or somebody commented “a team account,” haven’t signed up or used to yet.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00077-00035876-00036296 We know you can’t see the chat messages coming in so we will try to respond to those
+87uMq6RgHXu-00078-00036296-00036873 individually. And if there is anything useful that you share in the chat window,
+87uMq6RgHXu-00079-00036873-00037269 we will also try and chat that back out for the full audience if there are useful tips
+87uMq6RgHXu-00080-00037270-00037626 that you guys share. So just to show the results in so far,
+87uMq6RgHXu-00081-00037626-00038246 42% have signed up. 31% have not, maybe haven’t signed up yet
+87uMq6RgHXu-00082-00038246-00038736 and 18% haven’t requested it yet. So maybe you will.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00083-00038736-00039293 So let’s go ahead and have our expert today join us on the line. Thank you so much Paul
+87uMq6RgHXu-00084-00039293-00039676 for joining us we’re really glad to have you. Tell us a little bit about Adobe Creative Cloud
+87uMq6RgHXu-00085-00039676-00040129 and more importantly than that, show us what it can do. Thanks so much.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00086-00040130-00040553 Paul: That’s the plan guys. I’m just going to click through a couple slides here.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00087-00040553-00040979 Welcome again, and again it is just a pleasure, an honor to present to you.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00088-00040980-00041456 Going forward of course there are resources on TechSoup. You guys can follow me on line
+87uMq6RgHXu-00089-00041456-00041873 which is the best way to kind of see the latest. I would appreciate that,
+87uMq6RgHXu-00090-00041873-00042436 kind of keep the conversation going PaulTrani.com
+87uMq6RgHXu-00091-00042436-00043273 So I’ll try to speak as clearly as possible. Hopefully I’m not blowing into the phone.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00092-00043273-00044216 I’ll even pick up my receiver. Maybe this is a little better. But this is quite frankly,
+87uMq6RgHXu-00093-00044216-00044973 the best I can do. So I will be as clear as possible. If you guys have any questions
+87uMq6RgHXu-00094-00044973-00045716 or if the audio cuts out just ping me online at PaulTrani.com or through Twitter
+87uMq6RgHXu-00095-00045716-00046106 which would be great. Thanks Karen, thanks Dale. Let’s move on.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00096-00046106-00047003 Honestly, who is overwhelmed by all those icons when we showed the Creative Cloud apps,
+87uMq6RgHXu-00097-00047003-00047726 or all of those Adobe apps? Chances are there’s a lot going on that you may or may not
+87uMq6RgHXu-00098-00047726-00048263 be aware of. But at the end of the day we launched Creative Cloud
+87uMq6RgHXu-00099-00048263-00048886 which is probably 3 or so years ago now. And it was just a way for people to have everything.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00100-00048886-00049509 And rather than me holding onto updates and teasing you with new features from year to year,
+87uMq6RgHXu-00101-00049510-00050066 as soon as things are built we give them directly to you, and even performance things.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00102-00050066-00050886 I can talk about performance in Illustrator tapping into the GPU rather than the CPU,
+87uMq6RgHXu-00103-00050886-00051426 so you are using hardware, it being hardware accelerated. It is a feature,
+87uMq6RgHXu-00104-00051426-00051856 but it is something you can take advantage of today. So that is the whole idea
+87uMq6RgHXu-00105-00051856-00052309 around Creative Cloud is to get things to you as fast as possible.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00106-00052310-00052970 So again it’s everything you need to create your best work as it says at the top there,
+87uMq6RgHXu-00107-00052970-00053283 obviously written by a marketing person. I’m not a marketing person.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00108-00053283-00053726 I just want to show you what all this stuff does. I might bring up some other things
+87uMq6RgHXu-00109-00053726-00054479 like Creative Sync. I can talk about Adobe Stock as well. I can get into a lot of these new features
+87uMq6RgHXu-00110-00054479-00054940 which are seemingly kind of overwhelming, but I’m just going to go ahead
+87uMq6RgHXu-00111-00054940-00055523 and just share my screen. So at this point I’m going to share my screen guys,
+87uMq6RgHXu-00112-00055523-00055916 and we are going to dive right into this. Sorry about clicking through those slides
+87uMq6RgHXu-00113-00055916-00056769 but I didn’t want anybody to go into a slide coma. So nonetheless we’ll just make sure
+87uMq6RgHXu-00114-00056770-00057529 I can see chat and all that good stuff and let’s kind of move on from there.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00115-00057529-00058390 You guys should actually be able to see my screen now. Let me know if you don’t.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00116-00058390-00058706 Becky: It looks good to me Paul.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00117-00058706-00059163 Paul: Thank you. So literally guys, when you log in, I don’t even know
+87uMq6RgHXu-00118-00059163-00059586 that I’m on the Creative Cloud site or Adobe’s site. It looks like it’s my site
+87uMq6RgHXu-00119-00059586-00060313 because it gives you your icon and all of your apps and all of your apps that you can access.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00120-00060313-00060866 So check this out. This is where I like to go. I login. Let me just turnoff those
+87uMq6RgHXu-00121-00060866-00061446 chat notifications. And I can come into desktop. I encourage you guys to do this.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00122-00061446-00062036 You’ll scroll down and you will see all of these desktop apps. You guys mentioned Photoshop,
+87uMq6RgHXu-00123-00062036-00062706 InDesign, Illustrator, things like that. Look at this long list. And I really want to kind of highlight
+87uMq6RgHXu-00124-00062706-00063329 the top ones, but you can jump in and see what’s new or start to download Photoshop
+87uMq6RgHXu-00125-00063329-00063960 for instance. Again, it’s all these new features that we had to define by date.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00126-00063960-00064340 So if you click Download for Photoshop, what is going to happen
+87uMq6RgHXu-00127-00064340-00065036 is it’s going to download this desktop app. It will start to install Photoshop.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00128-00065036-00065443 I already have it installed, and then you can go ahead and launch it.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00129-00065443-00065746 So that’s how everything works. And you will start to use –
+87uMq6RgHXu-00130-00065746-00066256 let me just minimize these 2 screens. You will start to just use this more and more
+87uMq6RgHXu-00131-00066256-00066723 as well. I can open up Photoshop. We have more than the desktop apps.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00132-00066723-00067356 If I go back into my browser and go back, we actually have mobile apps.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00133-00067356-00067913 So the whole idea of having your assets with you everywhere and really being able
+87uMq6RgHXu-00134-00067913-00068523 to work from anywhere, here are our mobile apps. So your creativity is going places.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00135-00068523-00068906 So you have Adobe Brush, Shape, all these different apps. And it is really just enabling you
+87uMq6RgHXu-00136-00068906-00069473 to capture colors and shapes from the environment to draw different things like that,
+87uMq6RgHXu-00137-00069473-00069889 and then you can get into more illustration and layout work.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00138-00069890-00070486 I am actually going to start with Adobe Comp CC because this kind of shows you
+87uMq6RgHXu-00139-00070486-00071053 that you can create on an iPad and then you can sync or send this content directly
+87uMq6RgHXu-00140-00071053-00071653 to InDesign, Illustrator, or Photoshop. I’m just showing you kind of the complete work flow.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00141-00071653-00072193 So what I’m showing you guys right now as I open up, this is actually my iPad.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00142-00072193-00072873 So here I am on my iPad. So if you do happen to be in a meeting or just out and about
+87uMq6RgHXu-00143-00072873-00073493 and you want to get started on layout, you can do that in this case with Adobe Comp CC.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00144-00073493-00074023 So I’m launching it now. You can see a number of starter apps or examples,
+87uMq6RgHXu-00145-00074023-00074496 so everything from a website designe to a print ad, to an app design,
+87uMq6RgHXu-00146-00074496-00075269 or make something custom yourself. So launching Adobe Comp CC,
+87uMq6RgHXu-00147-00075270-00075966 I could start just drawing. I know I need a headline, so I’ll just do a box
+87uMq6RgHXu-00148-00075966-00076483 with a period after it and it will give me a headline. I want some body copy,
+87uMq6RgHXu-00149-00076483-00077023 so let’s draw a box with some lines in it, so lame usually, and boom
+87uMq6RgHXu-00150-00077023-00077619 it makes me look awesome. I need a big picture over here for this ad, maybe a smaller one.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00151-00077620-00078366 You guys get the idea using Adobe Comp CC. I can also adjust this content
+87uMq6RgHXu-00152-00078366-00078936 as you would expect, shrinking that up, maybe moving this down over here, adjusting the depth,
+87uMq6RgHXu-00153-00078936-00079739 changing things like this. You guys get the idea. You might be bored with that fact
+87uMq6RgHXu-00154-00079740-00080286 I’m using gray boxes. They are more precise than what I can draw,
+87uMq6RgHXu-00155-00080286-00081073 but I can go beyond these Gray boxes and I can start using some of the assets in my libraries.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00156-00081073-00081523 So this is where I am going to mention something called Creative Sync.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00157-00081523-00082086 That’s just a fancy marketing term for saying, you know what? Your assets are going to be
+87uMq6RgHXu-00158-00082086-00082599 everywhere. Because typically if I wanted an image here, I’d have to email it to myself
+87uMq6RgHXu-00159-00082600-00083023 and then download it from my camera role and add it that way. But quite frankly,
+87uMq6RgHXu-00160-00083023-00083323 I have an adventure project right here. I can select that adventure project
+87uMq6RgHXu-00161-00083323-00084039 and you’ll see all of these various assets available to me on my iPad.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00162-00084040-00084833 So I can select say for instance that image, and drop it in and do what I want,
+87uMq6RgHXu-00163-00084833-00085383 or even this other one. You guys hopefully get the idea. So there’s that.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00164-00085383-00085756 Again, this could be any image. Obviously, that says Adobe Stock.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00165-00085756-00086173 Maybe I want to change it. I’ll change it to something else, and I will even change
+87uMq6RgHXu-00166-00086173-00087179 some of this text. Ta-dah I’ll just type in something, whatever. You guys get the idea,
+87uMq6RgHXu-00167-00087180-00087760 typing in some text, changing the color. I don’t need to get into too much detail here.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00168-00087760-00088070 But what I want to show you is that not only do I have my assets,
+87uMq6RgHXu-00169-00088070-00088670 but I also have character styles available to me as well. So that is actually kind of changing
+87uMq6RgHXu-00170-00088670-00089320 in the background if you will. You can see it change. But all my text, or fonts,
+87uMq6RgHXu-00171-00089320-00089836 or character styles that I have defined previously are available on my iPad.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00172-00089836-00090659 So I made a quick layout guys. Check this out. I’m just going to show you that I could send this
+87uMq6RgHXu-00173-00090660-00091080 to InDesign, Photoshop, or Illustrator, so I can decide later on if you are like me
+87uMq6RgHXu-00174-00091080-00091520 and you are indecisive, you could decide later to push it to the app of your choice.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00175-00091520-00091963 I could send this to say for instance, Photoshop is where I will send it
+87uMq6RgHXu-00176-00091963-00092619 and it is going to come through as expected. And this is all free by the way.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00177-00092620-00093170 Like these apps, all you need is an Adobe ID. So I’m not like really selling you anything here,
+87uMq6RgHXu-00178-00093170-00093550 I’m just helping you take advantage of what you already have.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00179-00093550-00094066 Now where did these images come from? Let’s go into Photoshop and we will wait
+87uMq6RgHXu-00180-00094066-00094499 for our layout to pop up by the way. So it will when we get back to our desktop.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00181-00094500-00094883 But take a look right in here. This is probably the biggest and most important thing.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00182-00094883-00095503 If you guys even forget my name, I don’t care. I don’t want you to forget about CC libraries.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00183-00095503-00096133 This is that adventure project. In fact, those assets that I was accessing earlier
+87uMq6RgHXu-00184-00096133-00096709 are all right in here. So there is that ram. So I encourage you to create a new library.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00185-00096710-00098093 Call it, “My Projects.” Creating it. I can take for instance, this image and drag it in here
+87uMq6RgHXu-00186-00098093-00099306 and this could be my main, main hero image. And I could even have a logo for instance.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00187-00099306-00100219 Let me find a logo really fast. Will just take for instance – Ooo, never mind.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00188-00100220-00100940 Like I just mentioned, this is my composition that was made in Adobe Comp
+87uMq6RgHXu-00189-00100940-00101486 actually popped up on my screen while I was working. So that’s what I was just working
+87uMq6RgHXu-00190-00101486-00101936 on my iPad. You can see, here it is on my iPad, here it is on my desktop.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00191-00101936-00102536 They are not connected in any way. It is just that they send 2, so this is a separate file.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00192-00102536-00103093 But the cool thing is, you guessed it, all this text is editable and changeable
+87uMq6RgHXu-00193-00103093-00103579 and all that fun stuff. You can change and do what you want and make it as neat as you want
+87uMq6RgHXu-00194-00103580-00104080 whichever way you want like I am trying to do right now. I am trying to impress you
+87uMq6RgHXu-00195-00104080-00104563 with my design skills, and it is not working. But in general, I can make that change.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00196-00104563-00105139 And again, just showing you you can work from mobile to desktop through Creative Sync.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00197-00105140-00105856 So I’m going to go back to what I was working on which was this. In fact, I was working
+87uMq6RgHXu-00198-00105856-00106779 on this my nonprofit project. And I can have for instance, a logo or any imagery like this hiker
+87uMq6RgHXu-00199-00106780-00107303 right down here. I can bring him in here and this could be another image.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00200-00107303-00107793 Or it could be anything. But I start to build this library based on different elements.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00201-00107793-00108769 And then I can have this content not only available in Photoshop.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00202-00108770-00109456 In fact I’m going to get rid of this 2nd one. It’s also going to be available to me
+87uMq6RgHXu-00203-00109456-00109939 pretty much anywhere. Again, back on mobile or even if I am in Illustrator.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00204-00109940-00110320 I’m going to jump into illustrator. I’m going to open up that same panel.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00205-00110320-00110930 I am going to go into my nonprofit project that I was working on and I can start to work
+87uMq6RgHXu-00206-00110930-00111743 with this content. So dragging that out, maybe dropping on this image, whatever I want to do,
+87uMq6RgHXu-00207-00111743-00112376 and I can start making the poster. One layout may be one thing and then I could have a poster
+87uMq6RgHXu-00208-00112376-00113143 say for instance in Illustrator. And the cool thing is this stuff is all tied together.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00209-00113143-00114043 So even if I grab my adventure project. I actually have a cooler logo right in here.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00210-00114043-00114623 I can drop this on. So this may be the local I’m working on for this project.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00211-00114623-00115073 And whether I am using it in Illustrator or even if I am using it back in Photoshop,
+87uMq6RgHXu-00212-00115073-00116366 if I drop on that logo this content is connected. So let’s just scale this up. There it is.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00213-00116366-00117126 So with this logo changes – in fact, I’ll just double-click on it.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00214-00117126-00117723 If I change it to something else it is going to update and change everywhere. So I save that.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00215-00117723-00118116 I close it. You can see it updates here. Let’s jump back into Illustrator.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00216-00118116-00118783 Boom, it is updated there as well. So if you could imagine just having one set of assets
+87uMq6RgHXu-00217-00118783-00119489 that you update and it updates across every layout, that’s pretty powerful.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00218-00119490-00120056 What if you are working with other people? Well hey, we’ve got you covered there as well.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00219-00120056-00120719 Because check this out right over here, I can select collaborate actually.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00220-00120720-00121396 And with this collaborate function I can basically send this library to someone else
+87uMq6RgHXu-00221-00121396-00121936 and they will have access to it as well. So if I update the logo I have the confidence.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00222-00121936-00122266 They can’t come back to me and say, “Oh, I don’t have the correct logo.”
+87uMq6RgHXu-00223-00122266-00122736 No, you do. Check your library there Buddy. So like Clint – Clint, I’m sorry.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00224-00122736-00123163 I don’t want to give away your email, but Clint Funk is going to be helping out
+87uMq6RgHXu-00225-00123163-00123656 moderating questions after the session which is awesome. I could send this directly to him
+87uMq6RgHXu-00226-00123656-00124273 and he will have access to that same library and we are always on the same page.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00227-00124273-00124583 So that’s probably the biggest thing, and the biggest thing that has helped me out personally
+87uMq6RgHXu-00228-00124583-00125656 as a designer, it helps me out. No-nonsense, really straightforward work you can do.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00229-00125656-00126266 So I’ve talked about Creative Sync. I did air quotes there by the way.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00230-00126266-00126703 But let’s start to work on some of these assets. Even before this asset,
+87uMq6RgHXu-00231-00126703-00127689 over here let’s just take a look at it back in here. I’m not crazy about this zip line right here.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00232-00127690-00128276 I want to remove it. And this is a common thing you will probably want to do.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00233-00128276-00128663 And if you are new to Photoshop, or even if you’ve been using it for a while,
+87uMq6RgHXu-00234-00128663-00129316 chances are you are using some of the content aware technology. So content aware
+87uMq6RgHXu-00235-00129316-00129939 is aware of the content, so your tools are where of what is around it. So if you use something
+87uMq6RgHXu-00236-00129940-00130390 like to spot healing brush I don’t even have to worry about it.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00237-00130390-00130833 I’m basically saying I want to erase this. I want to erase this particular image,
+87uMq6RgHXu-00238-00130833-00131779 so I am just going to increase the size, and just kind of zip down here and run over it if you will
+87uMq6RgHXu-00239-00131780-00132506 to remove it. And watch what actually doesn’t happen there. And some of you
+87uMq6RgHXu-00240-00132506-00133119 that use Photoshop a lot know what’s missing there. What is missing there is the progress bar.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00241-00133120-00133756 I could jump into Photoshop CC 2014 and show you how slow that is because it takes a lot
+87uMq6RgHXu-00242-00133756-00134219 of processing time. And actually we cut that time into one tenth of the time.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00243-00134220-00134796 So it’s actually 10 times faster if I want to start removing content or moving content around.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00244-00134796-00135239 So there is no progress bar. I don’t like progress bars. You know what?
+87uMq6RgHXu-00245-00135240-00135723 There’s no more progress bars nor is there a zip line. So of course, this guy is getting a little
+87uMq6RgHXu-00246-00135723-00136259 concerned at this point, so let’s just put him out of his misery. So that is the content,
+87uMq6RgHXu-00247-00136260-00137020 and technology at work 10 times faster. Performance tip, as well as if you are new
+87uMq6RgHXu-00248-00137020-00137726 to Photoshop you should be using that as well. Some other things, content aware technology,
+87uMq6RgHXu-00249-00137726-00138129 some things you need to be aware of. I can do a content aware move
+87uMq6RgHXu-00250-00138130-00138656 because I have this dramatic scene. Oftentimes you might need to move these people
+87uMq6RgHXu-00251-00138656-00139236 to make room for other text or whatever the case may be. But I can select them –
+87uMq6RgHXu-00252-00139236-00139839 I’m using content aware move, so it will not only move them but eliminate them
+87uMq6RgHXu-00253-00139840-00140280 from that earlier position, and also give me the transform tools.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00254-00140280-00140670 Because we have discovered that after you move something you will often want to scale it
+87uMq6RgHXu-00255-00140670-00141200 and make sure it works well for wherever you are moving it to. So we thought a step ahead there.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00256-00141200-00141520 We can make them smaller, make the scene look much more dramatic.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00257-00141520-00142166 And again, that is like 10 times faster. I can even get rid of this all together.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00258-00142166-00142903 Content aware move is right in here if I do a fill, content aware, boom, get rid of it.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00259-00142903-00143453 You guys get the idea. I can start to work on this image, content aware move,
+87uMq6RgHXu-00260-00143453-00143813 content, scaling it down, dealing with other images.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00261-00143813-00144389 I’m going to do another thing. This is kind of again for pro users. I will just brighten up
+87uMq6RgHXu-00262-00144390-00145563 this image. So here is a photo. And a lot of times you want to add focus.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00263-00145563-00146063 We know that shallow depth of field like making parts blurry is a very hot look
+87uMq6RgHXu-00264-00146063-00146569 and it want to make sure you guys know how to do this in general, and show you
+87uMq6RgHXu-00265-00146570-00147160 some of the new tools and capabilities. So for this photo I want to focus on the center
+87uMq6RgHXu-00266-00147160-00147716 right here okay, and kind of blur out because I might put text over here for a brochure
+87uMq6RgHXu-00267-00147716-00148469 or flyer or something. So I can go into filter and you have a Blur Gallery effects available to you.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00268-00148470-00149163 And just to show you, I can go ahead and do an iris blur. It’s basically a circle blur.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00269-00149163-00149796 I don’t or why they call it iris blur but check this out. I can start to blur out everything around it
+87uMq6RgHXu-00270-00149796-00150343 and I can adjust that blur with the blur controls and start to expand this out anyway I want,
+87uMq6RgHXu-00271-00150343-00150896 or rotate it, whatever I want to do. So that gives me that very nice look.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00272-00150896-00151429 Sometimes we have the issue that it’s almost too smooth because the blur
+87uMq6RgHXu-00273-00151430-00151956 obviously blurs those pixels together. If you can zoom in here, I’m trying to show you
+87uMq6RgHXu-00274-00151956-00152436 there is actually a lot of pixilation here so it doesn’t match. The blur doesn’t match
+87uMq6RgHXu-00275-00152436-00153039 this pixilation. And again, this is sort of a pro tip. But if I go back in here to Noise
+87uMq6RgHXu-00276-00153040-00153610 I can add a certain amount of grain to make sure the blur matches the photo.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00277-00153610-00154100 So even if you are using a low-res photo or a photo that was once dark like this one
+87uMq6RgHXu-00278-00154100-00154646 we can make sure it matches up. And that is exactly what I am doing at that point,
+87uMq6RgHXu-00279-00154646-00155106 hiding her identity and his identity to the degree it looks like.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00280-00155106-00155716 So take advantage of Blur Gallery. It’s rate here. I made this a smart object
+87uMq6RgHXu-00281-00155716-00156326 so it’s always going to be editable to show you some quick things.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00282-00156326-00156886 I’m kind of focusing on Photoshop and I will jump into some other apps,
+87uMq6RgHXu-00283-00156886-00157696 but I definitely need to do one more thing in here guys. Check this out. Back to this design
+87uMq6RgHXu-00284-00157696-00158173 I was working on, so whether it is an app design or maybe it’s a print ad
+87uMq6RgHXu-00285-00158173-00158709 and you need to make multiple versions. Typically that means multiple PSD’s.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00286-00158710-00159593 So you’ll have to have this choice number 1.PSD, choice number 2, choice 2A, choice 2B,
+87uMq6RgHXu-00287-00159593-00160583 final, final, final.PSD and there is like 15 PSD files. Rather than doing that,
+87uMq6RgHXu-00288-00160583-00160959 what you can do is you can create different versions or different screens
+87uMq6RgHXu-00289-00160960-00161556 in the case of this app design all within one PSD. What I am talking about here
+87uMq6RgHXu-00290-00161556-00162023 are art boards. So I am going to just select these layers because that’s easiest for me
+87uMq6RgHXu-00291-00162023-00162526 to do. I’ll make a design and then I’ll go, I would like to make this an art board
+87uMq6RgHXu-00292-00162526-00162959 because I would like to have the different screens. So selecting all those layers,
+87uMq6RgHXu-00293-00162960-00164286 right click and I can make art board from layers. So art board from layers, selecting that,
+87uMq6RgHXu-00294-00164286-00164966 will call this home screen. Boom, there it is. Zoom out and you can see that that says home.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00295-00164966-00165736 I can take this art board and I can duplicate it. And we will call this hike, just like that.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00296-00165736-00166496 I can move it over now we have the home one, and the hike one.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00297-00166496-00167023 Notice how I have that logo on both. Well, I can drill down in here because I like how everything
+87uMq6RgHXu-00298-00167023-00167619 is nice and organized. I can remove that logo for instance.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00299-00167620-00168153 And I like that Photoshop, it’s hard to screw things up. Because let’s say for instance, –
+87uMq6RgHXu-00300-00168153-00168813 let me show you this cool tip by the way. Maybe I wanted this logo on the second screen instead.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00301-00168813-00169426 I can take this logo and drag it up into this art board and it knows and is aware
+87uMq6RgHXu-00302-00169426-00169859 of the previous position and just puts it there. Like okay thank you.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00303-00169860-00170460 Same thing if I was to select this logo and drag it over here, it is aware of that second art board
+87uMq6RgHXu-00304-00170460-00171173 and it will put it in that other art board, the first one right here. So that’s what you’ll do.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00305-00171173-00171859 Is you can create multiple layouts just like I have here, multiple layouts, multiple art boards
+87uMq6RgHXu-00306-00171860-00172256 allowing you to create what you want. There is even this little art board tool
+87uMq6RgHXu-00307-00172256-00172733 behind the move tool so you can come over here and say I’m going to make it an entirely new one
+87uMq6RgHXu-00308-00172733-00173169 dragging that out. That’s the equivalent of making a new page or almost like making
+87uMq6RgHXu-00309-00173170-00173813 a new PSD. And then you can start to add some little elements to it, whatever you want to do.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00310-00173813-00174233 I’m not going to show this because I don’t have time and there’s too much other stuff
+87uMq6RgHXu-00311-00174233-00175193 to show and I doubt there is that many people doing – I don’t know, maybe you are doing this.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00312-00175193-00175769 Maybe you are making mobile designs or you want to check your website on a mobile device.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00313-00175770-00177056 But I’m going to launch Adobe Preview on my iPad. But basically this just allows you
+87uMq6RgHXu-00314-00177056-00177676 to preview your designs on a mobile device. That’s what Adobe Preview does.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00315-00177676-00178259 So basically you have to get the app, install it on your mobile app – excuse me –
+87uMq6RgHXu-00316-00178260-00178843 on your iPhone and then you will be able to preview this content directly
+87uMq6RgHXu-00317-00178843-00179329 on your mobile device. So that’s that. I’m going to move on because there’s more
+87uMq6RgHXu-00318-00179330-00180190 I need to talk about. I jumped into Illustrator briefly as well. There’s Preview CC.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00319-00180190-00180590 I’m not going to worry about covering it. Check it out if you’re interested.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00320-00180590-00181340 I mentioned this earlier, just the speed that Illustrator CC 2015 goes at for instance,
+87uMq6RgHXu-00321-00181340-00181993 so I can just easily show you that this is a very complex Illustrator file.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00322-00181993-00182793 So panning around this and working on this layout has been difficult in the past.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00323-00182793-00183559 So preview on CPU, if I do that it’s going to be slower. But if I change this to GPU preview
+87uMq6RgHXu-00324-00183560-00184076 which is selected by default if you meet the minimum system and requirements.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00325-00184076-00184743 But check this out. Now If I want to pan around or zoom in, look how smooth that is.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00326-00184743-00185359 The redraw is awesome, because what are we doing? We are tapping into the GPU
+87uMq6RgHXu-00327-00185360-00185916 so I can zoom in here, and not only can I zoom in here – you weren’t able to zoom
+87uMq6RgHXu-00328-00185916-00186839 in this far before. Look at how close I am getting in on this text for instance. 64,000%
+87uMq6RgHXu-00329-00186840-00187393 is how much I am zooming in on this file which was just nowhere near possible before.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00330-00187393-00188143 It’s a huge thing. Let’s move on. In Illustrator step back a little bit. As a nonprofit
+87uMq6RgHXu-00331-00188143-00188756 you want to show maybe your outreach, or chances are you have to show a graph
+87uMq6RgHXu-00332-00188756-00189146 or some sort of chart on donations or who knows what.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00333-00189146-00189549 You can hardly be a graphic designer these days and not have to show a graph
+87uMq6RgHXu-00334-00189550-00190000 of some sort. They are kind of tedious but I want to show you this.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00335-00190000-00190586 In Illustrator CC 2015 release the CC Charts tool. So I need to make a chart.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00336-00190586-00191319 I’m going to select the charts tool. I’ll drop it right in here and there are my 3 generic icons
+87uMq6RgHXu-00337-00191320-00192206 just as a place holder. I want to replace that because again, I’m working on my cool project
+87uMq6RgHXu-00338-00192206-00193066 and I want to use this tree. Let me show you this. So much to show guys.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00339-00193066-00193679 I can show you Adobe Stock by the way. So you can purchase images
+87uMq6RgHXu-00340-00193680-00194370 which is where most of these came from. I can search Adobe Stock. Find those images
+87uMq6RgHXu-00341-00194370-00195116 and either use a place holder image or the actual one. We’ll wait for to it load up.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00342-00195116-00196156 But if I’m doing nature, search on nature assets. If I want to use this asset I can save this
+87uMq6RgHXu-00343-00196156-00196906 directly to my adventure project. I’m saving a preview of it to my adventure project.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00344-00196906-00197363 In fact, if we jump over their real fast, coming right over here, adventure project,
+87uMq6RgHXu-00345-00197363-00198096 we’ll see it pop-up right here. I can drop it in and start using it. In this case I’m going to put it
+87uMq6RgHXu-00346-00198096-00199299 in the background right back there. If I ever want to license it, I can use it wherever I want
+87uMq6RgHXu-00347-00199300-00200013 and I can turn around and license it when I’m ready as well. Hold on a second.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00348-00200013-00200373 I don’t know if you guys can still see my screen.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00349-00200373-00201266 Becky: It’s still showing up for us Paul. So it went way for just a second
+87uMq6RgHXu-00350-00201266-00201433 but it is back and live.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00351-00201433-00201816 Paul: Okay, well, it’s not live for me.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00352-00201816-00202113 Becky: That doesn’t help you navigate around.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00353-00202113-00202759 Paul: One thing you do need if you want to be good at design is have a monitor.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00354-00202760-00203363 Just being able to see your work is helpful. But check this out. Let’s go beyond
+87uMq6RgHXu-00355-00203363-00203663 because again, you do have to pay. And we can look at licensing that image.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00356-00203663-00204286 Let me show you something else. This is absolutely free. Going into assets, the fonts.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00357-00204286-00204763 I can add fonts for free as a Creative Cloud member if you will, technically not free
+87uMq6RgHXu-00358-00204763-00205149 but you don’t have to pay anymore. You can have a gazillion fonts in here. It doesn’t matter.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00359-00205150-00205643 But I’m going to go into Market. So check this out. If I did want to use a tree I can do a search
+87uMq6RgHXu-00360-00205643-00206059 on a tree and I can add that to my adventure project like I am doing right now.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00361-00206060-00206703 These are free assets in Creative Cloud Market that you can use. So look, here it is. Wait for it.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00362-00206703-00207296 Wait for it. That will pop-up and I can start using it.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00363-00207296-00207686 I am broadcasting my screen as well as trying to pull down assets.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00364-00207686-00208279 That’s why this might take a second. Whether I am using this tree or another tree,
+87uMq6RgHXu-00365-00208280-00208946 because I got this one the same way as well. There it is. That is a complex tree, look at that.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00366-00208946-00209493 So here’s my tree guys. And rather than using these images I could use this tree
+87uMq6RgHXu-00367-00209493-00210309 just by dragging it onto that chart, and there it is.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00368-00210310-00211153 Now this is following data. So I can edit this data on Creative Cloud. You could edit it
+87uMq6RgHXu-00369-00211153-00211813 or you could have somebody edit it because we are kind of separating the data from the design.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00370-00211813-00212399 So that’s what’s happening now. I’m sorry this is kind of slow but it’s going to open up
+87uMq6RgHXu-00371-00212400-00213216 in a new browser, that particular data for that image. So if I click it again,
+87uMq6RgHXu-00372-00213216-00213803 it’s going to open up 2 instances. How many of you have done that? I know I have.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00373-00213803-00214589 And just a shameless self plug, on my site I talk about this as well since I’m waiting for this
+87uMq6RgHXu-00374-00214590-00215103 to pop up in the browser. A lot of this content is actually on my site PaulTrani.com,
+87uMq6RgHXu-00375-00215103-00215593 videos on how to do this. So here it is. We’ll see the graphics show up
+87uMq6RgHXu-00376-00215593-00216226 and render out. I can change the data. So I want the first one to be may be 5 times larger.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00377-00216226-00217089 Let’s insert an additional row for instance. Let’s just make this new row .2.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00378-00217090-00217573 So one is really large, one is really small, and then the last one is just .5.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00379-00217573-00218006 If I go back to the chart data and you can see it right there. I can stretch those trees.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00380-00218006-00218663 It doesn’t look good. You basically have that sort of control, skill proportionally, or even adjust
+87uMq6RgHXu-00381-00218663-00219699 in a free form way. So this mimics the data that is going on for this file.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00382-00219700-00220203 So that data of course, could be entered in a browser. But if I go back to data, check this out,
+87uMq6RgHXu-00383-00220203-00220859 I can get that data from somewhere else and load it in. So that’s what I’ve done.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00384-00220860-00221386 There is my data. I can click save and it’s going to say that content
+87uMq6RgHXu-00385-00221386-00221709 and it’s going to come back here and it is going to be reflected back on this asset
+87uMq6RgHXu-00386-00221710-00222176 as soon as it is updated as well. So that’s charts in Illustrator. I’m going to move on.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00387-00222176-00222999 We’ll clear out of that. Let’s talk about 2 more things, technically 3,
+87uMq6RgHXu-00388-00223000-00223596 but let’s talk about a couple more things. I am going to just launch Lightroom, actually no.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00389-00223596-00224346 I’m going to launch Muse. Actually no, I’m going to launch InDesign. Sorry guys.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00390-00224346-00225146 I’m trying to stay on this path of creating graphics and then going into more print
+87uMq6RgHXu-00391-00225146-00225453 publication that you are making. So in your print publication
+87uMq6RgHXu-00392-00225453-00226013 you are going to create the layout as you’d expect. It’s all pretty straightforward there.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00393-00226013-00226986 But I want to go beyond that because I want to – those assets were updated by the way.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00394-00226986-00227506 I want to be able to publish content online because a lot of InDesign users
+87uMq6RgHXu-00395-00227506-00228013 want to go online but we don’t want to sacrifice the integrity of our design.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00396-00228013-00228663 So here’s what I have created and I wanted this to pop up as well.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00397-00228663-00229479 Because any time you are using fonts in Creative Cloud, if someone else
+87uMq6RgHXu-00398-00229480-00229813 has Creative Cloud it is just going to say, “Oh no, here’s your fonts, no problem.”
+87uMq6RgHXu-00399-00229813-00230579 Here’s your missing fonts. Since that person was using Creative Cloud fonts or Type Kit fonts
+87uMq6RgHXu-00400-00230580-00231106 which is available through Creative Cloud, you could use them and that will update them.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00401-00231106-00231936 In this case, for this design I can move around content and I have full control for my print layout.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00402-00231936-00232373 But the great thing is I can go beyond print and if I want to publish this online
+87uMq6RgHXu-00403-00232373-00232886 it’s really this easy. In fact, it’s right up here, Publish Online,
+87uMq6RgHXu-00404-00232886-00233759 selecting that Publish Online icon, publishing it out. This is going to be available as a link
+87uMq6RgHXu-00405-00233760-00234273 for the rest of the world to review. So if you are doing a print layout and you want your boss
+87uMq6RgHXu-00406-00234273-00234786 to approve it, or you just want to show it off to all your friends, you have that capability
+87uMq6RgHXu-00407-00234786-00235283 in InDesign. This is huge and something that we just have not talked about enough
+87uMq6RgHXu-00408-00235283-00235783 because this is kind of groundbreaking you know. You’ll see here in a second.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00409-00235783-00236173 By the way it is up loading it. It is saying you know what, you can go ahead and close
+87uMq6RgHXu-00410-00236173-00236649 and just kind of continue working. But I did want to show you, this is a little more tricky
+87uMq6RgHXu-00411-00236650-00237090 but check this out. There are these motion paths. Because I’m like, Hey, you know what?
+87uMq6RgHXu-00412-00237090-00237590 Online isn’t a print brochure, it’s not static. I can add all this fun stuff to it.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00413-00237590-00238003 This happens to be a video. This Green line means there’s a motion path
+87uMq6RgHXu-00414-00238003-00238536 so it is going to be moving. So there’s all this really compelling content and you can find it
+87uMq6RgHXu-00415-00238536-00239136 if I go down to interactive, a bunch of this interactive content has already been added.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00416-00239136-00239756 So I would encourage you to check those out. The short of it is, if I go to publish it online
+87uMq6RgHXu-00417-00239756-00240393 we can still see it working away. But I have the interactive content added.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00418-00240393-00240779 So if you guys have any questions, let me know. And it looks like I can –
+87uMq6RgHXu-00419-00240780-00241136 Clint and others are kind of answering questions which is awesome.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00420-00241136-00241873 Jenny actually asked a question about how do you use libraries
+87uMq6RgHXu-00421-00241873-00242529 if you don’t have Internet access? It actually will have those assets available to you
+87uMq6RgHXu-00422-00242530-00242923 but it’s not going to be able to update them. So they are going to be available off-line.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00423-00242923-00244029 And any time I use an asset from my library, what’s happening here is it’s putting a copy of it
+87uMq6RgHXu-00424-00244030-00244683 in here. It is connecting it. So it is connected here but it is actually embedded
+87uMq6RgHXu-00425-00244683-00245259 so if I open up this file again it will just check to see if it is updated. So that’s what happens.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00426-00245260-00246246 If somebody is using. And honestly, if you want to break the connection of this particular snorkel
+87uMq6RgHXu-00427-00246246-00247066 from the asset, you can do that as well by selecting embed. You can embed that content
+87uMq6RgHXu-00428-00247066-00247759 if you want to break that connection for instance. All right Jenny, cool.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00429-00247760-00248373 So here it is. I’m going to copy that link. I’m going to view this document again.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00430-00248373-00249183 We went from InDesign directly to a web browser, and here it is. It’s beautiful.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00431-00249183-00249833 So if you could imagine this being your project, being able to jump in
+87uMq6RgHXu-00432-00249833-00250616 and page through those different pages, will see content slide out, and we can see those videos.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00433-00250616-00250996 Pretty darn cool, huh? Are you not impressed with this?
+87uMq6RgHXu-00434-00250996-00251286 I am so impressed with this. I think it is so awesome I am going to share it
+87uMq6RgHXu-00435-00251286-00252523 on Twitter right now. So by all means – and the hashtag is #SoupChat.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00436-00252523-00254696 And this is the InDesign published online during our SoupChat. There it is.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00437-00254696-00255286 So follow me on Twitter. Follow that hashtag. I certainly hope it gives me a shortened URL,
+87uMq6RgHXu-00438-00255286-00255849 but nonetheless I just tweeted that out so you guys could see that live
+87uMq6RgHXu-00439-00255850-00256803 because I think that’s really powerful. It is 12:45. I definitely need to show you just 2 more things
+87uMq6RgHXu-00440-00256803-00257329 really fast because this will save the day for a lot of people. If you are not aware of Muse
+87uMq6RgHXu-00441-00257330-00258213 let me introduce you to your new best friend. Hey Jake. Jake [indistinct] the profile picture.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00442-00258213-00258596 Hey Buddy. Awesome. I don’t know if you guys are where of Muse but if you wanted
+87uMq6RgHXu-00443-00258596-00259113 to create a website but didn’t want to write any code, or if you’re just in a rush you can do that
+87uMq6RgHXu-00444-00259113-00259669 using Muse. You can jump in. You can add whatever content you want.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00445-00259669-00260246 It’s all pretty straightforward. It is like what you see is what you get with the stuff, pretty easy.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00446-00260246-00260683 You have fonts available to you. So this might be my home page for instance.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00447-00260683-00261319 I’m just creating this color box. I can have my about page, about this project.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00448-00261319-00262006 Here’s another color box. Please forgive me for not putting any design in this,
+87uMq6RgHXu-00449-00262006-00262549 but I can make as many of these pages as I want, contact. That’s the whole idea.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00450-00262550-00263273 And I have this Master page, works as expected. If I open up the widgets library,
+87uMq6RgHXu-00451-00263273-00263933 let’s drop on say this horizontal menu. So there it is. Oh, thank you very much.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00452-00263933-00264326 You are ready labeled that, Home, about, contact. And hey guess what?
+87uMq6RgHXu-00453-00264326-00264743 It’s all linked together. So if I preview this it’s actually publishing it
+87uMq6RgHXu-00454-00264743-00265276 and now I have this all working. So I can go from the home page to the about page.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00455-00265276-00265796 This is the fastest and easiest way to make a website, giving you full creative control
+87uMq6RgHXu-00456-00265796-00266413 just like I’ve done here with this site. It’s more about biking but in general,
+87uMq6RgHXu-00457-00266413-00266769 this kind of shows the power of what you can do. As I scroll down
+87uMq6RgHXu-00458-00266770-00267423 you have those scroll motion effects which look really nice. You can see, obviously, well laid out.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00459-00267423-00267986 And you can get into products or features or anything like that
+87uMq6RgHXu-00460-00267986-00268323 because you can add slideshows and different things as well.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00461-00268323-00269026 Oh yeah, the contact form, such a pain right? Contact form will make your brain hemorrhage
+87uMq6RgHXu-00462-00269026-00269563 I think. It hurts. This won’t actually show up in this preview mode
+87uMq6RgHXu-00463-00269563-00269956 because it needs to be uploaded, but if you wanted to add a contact form
+87uMq6RgHXu-00464-00269956-00270436 to your snazzy website, as you see here, it is literally just jumping in here.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00465-00270436-00270866 Let’s make a simple contact form. [indistinct]. It’s that easy guys.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00466-00270866-00271606 I like it because it has been so painful for me in the past. And hopefully you appreciate Muse.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00467-00271606-00272233 That is even my email address and I’m not scared to show it.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00468-00272233-00272909 The last thing I promise, I promise. Let me just do this one last thing.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00469-00272910-00273513 In Lightroom, let’s not forget about Lightroom sort of being our heavy hitter for content.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00470-00273513-00273829 I saw Jake Butters was on the line, a Lightroom Master.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00471-00273830-00274333 You think you might create a sucky photo like this one, just one fancy enhancement.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00472-00274333-00274946 I want it to be clear. Well, I can remove the haze as I take the haze out of that image.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00473-00274946-00275556 So there is plenty of that Adobe magic in there that I can impress you with, but all in all,
+87uMq6RgHXu-00474-00275556-00275956 let’s not forget about Lightroom and the many features that I did not cover.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00475-00275956-00276403 My apologies to everybody internally at Adobe who work so hard on this stuff
+87uMq6RgHXu-00476-00276403-00277549 that I didn’t even get to show. But I’m going to wrap up because I want to give time
+87uMq6RgHXu-00477-00277550-00278330 for questions, although we do have a Q&A after this as well. So if you guys have questions –
+87uMq6RgHXu-00478-00278330-00278916 I’m also reading the chat if that’s all right. It looks like a lot of questions
+87uMq6RgHXu-00479-00278916-00279119 have been answered.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00480-00279120-00279380 Becky: Yeah, that’s great Paul. We have been working hard on the backend
+87uMq6RgHXu-00481-00279380-00279890 to answer questions as a, in, so we really appreciate all the help of the backend hands
+87uMq6RgHXu-00482-00279890-00280250 working hard to get those answered. I would love to take just a couple of minutes
+87uMq6RgHXu-00483-00280250-00280733 to talk about the Adobe Creative Cloud offer that is available. And then we can dive
+87uMq6RgHXu-00484-00280733-00281089 into more questions. So feel free to keep shooting them at us and we will do our best
+87uMq6RgHXu-00485-00281090-00281363 to keep answering them. And then for additional ones again,
+87uMq6RgHXu-00486-00281363-00281719 we have that Soup Chat immediately following this event in our forums
+87uMq6RgHXu-00487-00281720-00282126 where you can continue to ask questions. So Paul, if you don’t have anything else to share
+87uMq6RgHXu-00488-00282126-00282473 on screen right now we can go ahead and have you stop sharing
+87uMq6RgHXu-00489-00282473-00282879 and we will jump back to the slides so I can show a little bit about how to access it,
+87uMq6RgHXu-00490-00282880-00283453 what the offer looks like, and answer questions about the program specifically
+87uMq6RgHXu-00491-00283453-00284013 if people have any. So with TechSoup there are 2 programs right now.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00492-00284013-00284463 There is an Adobe Creative Cloud Discount Offer and a donation program.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00493-00284463-00284806 For those of you who may be accessed the donation program in the past,
+87uMq6RgHXu-00494-00284806-00285336 or maybe tried to access the donation program in the past and found that your organization
+87uMq6RgHXu-00495-00285336-00285833 was not eligible, well, the rules have changed for the Adobe Creative Cloud offer
+87uMq6RgHXu-00496-00285833-00286266 and they have opened up. For those products on our site that are still listed as donations,
+87uMq6RgHXu-00497-00286266-00286973 so for Acrobat if you want the installed Acrobat, or Photoshop Elements, and Premier Elements,
+87uMq6RgHXu-00498-00286973-00287503 or Acrobat for Mac, those are still part of our traditional donation program
+87uMq6RgHXu-00499-00287503-00288073 that has the same eligibility requirements that it had previously. So if you were eligible
+87uMq6RgHXu-00500-00288073-00288569 for those before you are still eligible for those, to access those as installed desktop products.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00501-00288570-00289290 If you were not eligible for those, the latest offer is this Adobe Creative Cloud Complete Plan
+87uMq6RgHXu-00502-00289290-00289616 1-Year Individual Membership, and it gets you access to discounted rates.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00503-00289616-00290196 The admin fee is $5 and gets you access to a discounted rate of $239 –
+87uMq6RgHXu-00504-00290196-00290993 I can’t read my tiny print – for the first year which I believe is 60% off of the retail price,
+87uMq6RgHXu-00505-00290993-00291569 so huge discount on that. And this is wide open. So if you are in TechSoup’s,
+87uMq6RgHXu-00506-00291570-00291956 if you are already registered with us and you found that you weren’t eligible
+87uMq6RgHXu-00507-00291956-00292356 for these other programs in the past, that likely no longer applies
+87uMq6RgHXu-00508-00292356-00292823 and you can access this Creative Cloud plan. So this is a subscription plan
+87uMq6RgHXu-00509-00292823-00293319 that you pay directly to Adobe.com. That $5 admin fee, it is just validating
+87uMq6RgHXu-00510-00293320-00293690 that you are part of our system and that you have access to those discounted rates.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00511-00293690-00294143 And then you pay that directly to Adobe.com for the actual subscription.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00512-00294143-00294763 So it includes, this is just some of the programs that we highlighted here today.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00513-00294763-00295223 Paul took the time to show us a little bit of Photoshop, briefly jumped into Lightroom
+87uMq6RgHXu-00514-00295223-00295593 right at the end there, Illustrator, InDesign, and he also showed Muse
+87uMq6RgHXu-00515-00295593-00296043 which we didn’t list out here which is the super easy to use web building application,
+87uMq6RgHXu-00516-00296043-00296589 but it includes all of these other things too, plus more. And the one subscription rate
+87uMq6RgHXu-00517-00296590-00297166 gives you access to all of those. The plan is a one year individual membership.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00518-00297166-00297656 We currently don’t have team memberships, so if that is something that you are using
+87uMq6RgHXu-00519-00297656-00297949 or hoping to use we actually don’t have that available at this time,
+87uMq6RgHXu-00520-00297950-00298406 so it is a individual membership access, 60% off of the current market rate,
+87uMq6RgHXu-00521-00298406-00299256 second year is 40% off the current market rate thereafter. That $5 admin fee to TechSoup
+87uMq6RgHXu-00522-00299256-00299903 gets you access to that discount. This applies to all budget sizes are eligible,
+87uMq6RgHXu-00523-00299903-00300533 all 501(c)(3) organizations, and public libraries are eligible which was not the case
+87uMq6RgHXu-00524-00300533-00300979 for the prior specific donation program for the installed desktop products.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00525-00300980-00301396 And then you can also request an unlimited number of individual memberships.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00526-00301396-00301883 So if you have a designer or you have a volunteer, you have a marketing person
+87uMq6RgHXu-00527-00301883-00302196 and they all need access to it, they can all get individual memberships.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00528-00302196-00302849 I have a slide just highlighting some myths here that are debunked.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00529-00302850-00303303 And I don’t want to spend too much time reading through it, but I just wanted to highlight that
+87uMq6RgHXu-00530-00303303-00303939 even though these are cloud programs that sync and have all of those great features
+87uMq6RgHXu-00531-00303940-00304410 of collaboration, many of them run directly still on your computer.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00532-00304410-00304720 So you don’t have to be connected to the Internet all the time.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00533-00304720-00305216 That came up as a question in the chat. For some of the library things, to share libraries
+87uMq6RgHXu-00534-00305216-00305623 you do still have to be online to actually get those libraries to sync,
+87uMq6RgHXu-00535-00305623-00305989 but you don’t actually have to do that to just use these programs.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00536-00305990-00306296 So if you are designing something and you don’t want to be connected to the Internet,
+87uMq6RgHXu-00537-00306296-00306659 you are still running it directly on your computer and you are just syncing with the cloud
+87uMq6RgHXu-00538-00306660-00307070 to collaborate, share, get those libraries connected.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00539-00307070-00307610 You only need to be online to install your software. And then you do need
+87uMq6RgHXu-00540-00307610-00308123 to check in regularly and go online, I believe it is once every 30 days
+87uMq6RgHXu-00541-00308123-00308393 if you are a monthly subscriber. I believe it is once every 90 days
+87uMq6RgHXu-00542-00308393-00308883 if you do an annual subscription. If I am incorrect on that, somebody chat out in the window
+87uMq6RgHXu-00543-00308883-00309369 but I believe that is correct. You continue to have access to the files
+87uMq6RgHXu-00544-00309370-00309726 you save on your computer, so it is not like you put them in the cloud
+87uMq6RgHXu-00545-00309726-00310009 and then if you are disconnected from the Internet that you have no access,
+87uMq6RgHXu-00546-00310010-00310606 you can still have them save to your workstation and have them installed and accessible locally.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00547-00310606-00311123 And your creative files will stay on your computer unless you choose to sync them
+87uMq6RgHXu-00548-00311123-00311753 to the Creative Cloud. So you can choose to sync or not to sync based on your privacy
+87uMq6RgHXu-00549-00311753-00312493 if you have documents that you create that have regulations or privacy things
+87uMq6RgHXu-00550-00312493-00313123 that need to be followed, compliance things, you can choose to keep them not synced
+87uMq6RgHXu-00551-00313123-00313456 with a cloud or you can choose to sync them if it is convenient for you to be able
+87uMq6RgHXu-00552-00313456-00313863 to get those files off to a printer for your collateral documents, your invitations,
+87uMq6RgHXu-00553-00313863-00314286 your postcards, your newsletter, if you have a mailer that you send out,
+87uMq6RgHXu-00554-00314286-00314676 you can choose to sync them to make it available to the folks that may need it,
+87uMq6RgHXu-00555-00314676-00314999 or you can choose to keep them on your own desktop private.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00556-00315000-00315446 So that’s just a little bit about that. I see lots of other questions coming in the chat
+87uMq6RgHXu-00557-00315446-00315843 and so I will start to grab those in a second. And I see folks on the back end
+87uMq6RgHXu-00558-00315843-00316183 already trying to respond. But I wanted to share some additional resources.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00559-00316183-00316569 These will be in the slide deck that you will get access to in the follow-up email.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00560-00316570-00317173 I believe it is Paul’s YouTube channel which has fantastic videos, lots of little short videos
+87uMq6RgHXu-00561-00317173-00317709 showing very specific tips and tricks and cool things you can do. It is a treasure trove
+87uMq6RgHXu-00562-00317710-00318216 and I love watching a lot of them before prepping for this webinar at Paul’s website,
+87uMq6RgHXu-00563-00318216-00318713 and following Paul for the latest Adobe news on his Twitter.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00564-00318713-00319073 And then we have links to tutorials for the specific programs that we covered
+87uMq6RgHXu-00565-00319073-00319619 a little bit today. We tried to highlight the ones that we know meet the demands
+87uMq6RgHXu-00566-00319620-00319996 of the majority of the use cases that nonprofits come to us with.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00567-00319996-00320533 They come saying they need help designing websites, brochures, annual reports,
+87uMq6RgHXu-00568-00320533-00321203 newsletters. Those are the primary things that we are told that you are using
+87uMq6RgHXu-00569-00321203-00321506 so we wanted to highlight the tools that would most apply to those.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00570-00321506-00321989 But we know that some of you are also creating amazing video content or audio content
+87uMq6RgHXu-00571-00321990-00322486 and pod casts, so all of those other tools are available to. And there are a lot of resources.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00572-00322486-00323093 Adobe TV has its own channel with tons of resources, videos, and clips to help you learn
+87uMq6RgHXu-00573-00323093-00323449 how to use those. And then I also wanted to just quickly highlight
+87uMq6RgHXu-00574-00323450-00324056 the Creative Cloud membership link, the donation program. So for those organizations
+87uMq6RgHXu-00575-00324056-00324369 that qualify for the actual donated desktop installed products,
+87uMq6RgHXu-00576-00324370-00324813 the 3 that we still have on our say, a link to those, and some of the resources
+87uMq6RgHXu-00577-00324813-00325179 that we’ve created the just explained more about the program and how to use it.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00578-00325180-00325660 So with that I’m going to go ahead and keep this screen up. And that little bit.ly link at the bottom
+87uMq6RgHXu-00579-00325660-00326050 is where you can continue to ask questions and that Soup Chat that starts in just a few minutes
+87uMq6RgHXu-00580-00326050-00326533 here. But while we do that, I’m going to go ahead and ask a couple of questions.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00581-00326533-00327063 So Donna asks – and I think this is a question that a lot of people feel when they see
+87uMq6RgHXu-00582-00327063-00327393 just a huge amount of stuff available in the Adobe Creative Cloud.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00583-00327393-00327759 So Donna asks, “My main concern and excitement is the overwhelming amount
+87uMq6RgHXu-00584-00327760-00328133 of features. How do you learn about them? How do you learn to use them all?”
+87uMq6RgHXu-00585-00328133-00328513 Paul, what do you think is the best place for somebody to start with learning
+87uMq6RgHXu-00586-00328513-00328749 about Adobe Creative Cloud?
+87uMq6RgHXu-00587-00328750-00329233 Paul: Yeah so, I think what typically people do is they go on YouTube and I will as well.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00588-00329233-00329929 Not that I am suggesting it but I use my videos they are so please go there.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00589-00329930-00330270 But there is something called Creative Cloud Learn which is hard to get to,
+87uMq6RgHXu-00590-00330270-00330650 but any time you launch and Adobe app there are links to learn new things.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00591-00330650-00331136 So that is a great area. And the reason that is good is because we pay people
+87uMq6RgHXu-00592-00331136-00331619 to make that content so the quality is higher. And let’s not forget some of the paid services
+87uMq6RgHXu-00593-00331620-00332113 like Lynda.com there are free videos there and really high quality
+87uMq6RgHXu-00594-00332113-00332579 and that is where I typically go.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00595-00332580-00332760 Becky: That’s great.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00596-00332760-00333316 Paul: Maybe I am going to answer another question that you might have cued up
+87uMq6RgHXu-00597-00333316-00333849 or something that I wanted to clarify. But when you publish online,
+87uMq6RgHXu-00598-00333850-00334400 that publishes obviously to our Adobe hosted service. That’s where it lives.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00599-00334400-00335150 There is no current way to sort of extract that content and put it on your own website.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00600-00335150-00335533 It’s just a link. So you don’t pay for hosting for that. Same thing with Muse,
+87uMq6RgHXu-00601-00335533-00336189 if I publish the site out there I’m going to get and Adobe URL, but you can customize that.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00602-00336190-00336800 With Creative Cloud you get up to 5 hosted sites where you can customize the URL.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00603-00336800-00337243 I just wanted to point out those 2 things.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00604-00337243-00337629 Becky: That’s great and helpful. And we did have people asking where it lives.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00605-00337630-00338443 Adobe’s doing a lot I think, to ensure that stuff in the cloud is managed well and secure,
+87uMq6RgHXu-00606-00338443-00338969 and all of these big companies have great privacy policies and they are working hard
+87uMq6RgHXu-00607-00338970-00339303 to make sure the anything you put in the cloud and that is hosted there is secure,
+87uMq6RgHXu-00608-00339303-00339963 so just keep that in mind. Again, for those of you that may have documents that you create,
+87uMq6RgHXu-00609-00339963-00340476 or resources that you create that have privacy regulations about where it can live in
+87uMq6RgHXu-00610-00340476-00340883 whether it can be in the cloud or a has to be locally stored, you have that option
+87uMq6RgHXu-00611-00340883-00341329 that you can keep them locally stored. We are just about out of time
+87uMq6RgHXu-00612-00341330-00341980 so I am going to move us forward quickly into just asking you our participants to let us know
+87uMq6RgHXu-00613-00341980-00342243 one thing that you learn today that you are either going to try to implement
+87uMq6RgHXu-00614-00342243-00342703 or maybe one action you are going to take. Maybe it’s going onto Adobe.com
+87uMq6RgHXu-00615-00342703-00342999 and finally activating the account that you requested previously,
+87uMq6RgHXu-00616-00343000-00343583 or maybe it is doing one of the skills, getting rid of the tight rope in your own images
+87uMq6RgHXu-00617-00343583-00343866 for those of you who have been trying to figure out how to do that.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00618-00343866-00344233 Let us know what you learned because that helps us understand
+87uMq6RgHXu-00619-00344233-00344623 where the value comes from and what we can spend more time doing in our webinars
+87uMq6RgHXu-00620-00344623-00345043 coming up. And we would also like you to share any of this information with your colleagues
+87uMq6RgHXu-00621-00345043-00345566 and friends who may benefit. Thanks so much to Paul for taking the time today,
+87uMq6RgHXu-00622-00345566-00345896 and for everybody on the back end who have been helping plow through questions.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00623-00345896-00346149 I would like to invite you to join us for our upcoming webinars and events.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00624-00346150-00346680 As mentioned, we have a live Soup Chat on Adobe Creative Cloud taking place in our forum.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00625-00346680-00347123 And I will just show that little bit.ly link once again and we will chat it out in the window
+87uMq6RgHXu-00626-00347123-00347473 so you can get there directly if you have questions that we didn’t have time to get to.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00627-00347473-00347906 Coming up next week we will be talking about navigating payment processing for nonprofits.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00628-00347906-00348463 So if you are looking for tools to help you with credit card payments and taking donations,
+87uMq6RgHXu-00629-00348463-00349033 whether it be online or in person at events, join us for that because we will be talking
+87uMq6RgHXu-00630-00349033-00349443 about different options out there. Following that we will be talking about how to crowd fund
+87uMq6RgHXu-00631-00349443-00349786 for libraries. So if you are joining us today from a library, this webinar’s for you.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00632-00349786-00350293 Then we will talk about Microsoft’s One Note and how to use that as a great collaboration
+87uMq6RgHXu-00633-00350293-00350766 and brainstorming and notetaking tool that many of you already have on your desktops.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00634-00350766-00351133 And then in August we will be talking about accomplishing more with social media.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00635-00351133-00351566 We hope you will join us for more of those events. You can find all of them and our archives
+87uMq6RgHXu-00636-00351566-00352166 on our website at TechSoup.org/event-webinars. You can join us and connect with us
+87uMq6RgHXu-00637-00352166-00352629 at TechSoup Global, TechSoup.org, on our Facebook, and on our Twitter.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00638-00352630-00353010 Thank you so much everyone. Thank you Paul for your help today
+87uMq6RgHXu-00639-00353010-00353440 and sharing a little highlight of all the great things we can do with Adobe Creative Cloud.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00640-00353440-00353833 We hope you will come back to learn more as we will certainly have more on this topic
+87uMq6RgHXu-00641-00353833-00354249 and the specific programs in the Creative Cloud coming down the pike.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00642-00354250-00355060 Thank you so much to Sun, Karina, Clint, Terry – who am I missing? –
+87uMq6RgHXu-00643-00355060-00355603 Ale, who all helped on the backend in answering questions. And thank you to you our audience
+87uMq6RgHXu-00644-00355603-00356073 for joining us today. Lastly I would like to thank ReadyTalk who provides the use of this platform
+87uMq6RgHXu-00645-00356073-00356399 for us to present these webinars on a regular basis. When you close out
+87uMq6RgHXu-00646-00356400-00356690 please take a moment to complete the postevent survey that pops up
+87uMq6RgHXu-00647-00356690-00356923 so we can continue to improve our webinar programming.
+87uMq6RgHXu-00648-00356923-00357569 Thank you all so much and have a terrific day. Bye-bye.
+88P83klNx_Y-00000-00000000-00000050 ski mask the slump god type beat
+88P83klNx_Y-00001-00000050-00000100 ski mask type beat
+88P83klNx_Y-00002-00000100-00000150 type beat ski mask the slump god
+88P83klNx_Y-00003-00000150-00000200 ski mask the slump god type beat 2022
+88P83klNx_Y-00004-00000200-00000250 free ski mask the slump god type beat 2022
+88P83klNx_Y-00005-00000250-00000300 free ski mask the slump god type beat
+88P83klNx_Y-00006-00000300-00000421 free ski mask type beat
+88P83klNx_Y-00007-00000421-00000500 Scarlet Painter
+8sVIBGwDpzU-00000-00000143-00000454 Hey guys, it's Krissi. I'm a camp counselor at SeaWorld Orlando.
+8sVIBGwDpzU-00001-00000454-00000768 And as you can see we're getting ready for a very busy week of camp, so we're excited!
+8sVIBGwDpzU-00002-00001246-00001475 Here we are at Shamu Stadium getting ready to see One Ocean.
+8sVIBGwDpzU-00003-00001475-00001941 I think we're ready to get wet. What do you think campers? Are you ready to get wet?!
+8sVIBGwDpzU-00004-00001960-00002144 Yeah!
+8sVIBGwDpzU-00005-00003942-00004616 Nothing like some good, old-fashion playtime at Happy Harbor!
+8sVIBGwDpzU-00006-00004942-00005526 Right now we're at Dolphin Cove making some new friends.
+8sVIBGwDpzU-00007-00007381-00007711 Now that we go to dress up like a penguin, let's go see some penguins.
+8sVIBGwDpzU-00008-00007711-00008036 Woohooo!
+8sVIBGwDpzU-00009-00008036-00008397 Our avian research facility is a great way to get up close and personal ...
+8sVIBGwDpzU-00010-00008397-00008605 with a penguin!
+8sVIBGwDpzU-00011-00008925-00009151 Ever wondered what a sea star felt like? if he starts out like?
+8sVIBGwDpzU-00012-00009194-00009564 Our campers are actually experiencing it right now.
+8sVIBGwDpzU-00013-00009878-00010282 Well, that was our week at camp! Thanks for joining us! Hope to see you at SeaWorld.
+8v_VAvqEy6E-00000-00000314-00000459 Teachers get instructed to
+8v_VAvqEy6E-00001-00000459-00000608 keep their cool as they carry on
+8v_VAvqEy6E-00002-00000608-00000709 the class.
+8v_VAvqEy6E-00003-00000709-00000942 Students can also sleep through class
+8vYDGKSPPqc-00000-00001000-00001592 if i'm overthinking i'm really trying so i should stop it so hard on myself it's true
+8vYDGKSPPqc-00001-00001688-00002368 pick apart the things i do i've been in hiding back sliding keep rewinding
+8vYDGKSPPqc-00002-00002432-00002984 pulling the thread through the loop trying to find the faith i knew
+8vYDGKSPPqc-00003-00004000-00004384 i'm
+8vYDGKSPPqc-00004-00005544-00005680 hate that i do this
+8vYDGKSPPqc-00005-00006552-00007184 i need to find some peace of mind
+8vYDGKSPPqc-00006-00008512-00009984 i don't wanna yeah about it now
+8vYDGKSPPqc-00007-00011280-00011304 because
+8vYDGKSPPqc-00008-00012016-00012784 oh
+8vYDGKSPPqc-00009-00014047-00014128 i'm waking
+8vYDGKSPPqc-00010-00015560-00016984 i need to find some peace of mind
+8vYDGKSPPqc-00011-00017896-00018384 now
+8vYDGKSPPqc-00012-00019776-00019792 i
+8vYDGKSPPqc-00013-00020112-00021184 wanna live
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00001-00009503-00010656 care for people a lot like that is being okay so like when you feel like you're
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00002-00010656-00011268 doing right by others like you're when you feel like you're I just don't like
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00003-00011268-00012014 it when people know I could definitely relate to that like some criticism that
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00004-00012014-00012525 I've got and you tell me a little something about you know if you if you
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00005-00012525-00013140 think this like people told me like the only reason I do my can off is for views
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00006-00013140-00013556 or form and I think that's it when somebody's
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00007-00013556-00014058 trying to tell me what my motives are or were my intentions are and I'm like no
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00008-00014058-00014891 no me do you think that might be the route like well that's coming for ya cuz
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00009-00014891-00015398 it's just like I understand that everyone has allowed to have their
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00010-00015398-00015788 opinion and they're allowed to have a voice their concern to their critiques
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00011-00015788-00016368 and all that stuff but for me it's like when I put my harness heart stolen or
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00012-00016368-00016743 something or what I know that I have certain intention is for things might go
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00013-00016743-00017142 into things like this and this and then I have someone completely left field
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00014-00017142-00017466 being like no this is not what you're doing this is not what you're doing this
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00015-00017466-00018663 is that what you're drink and I'm just like oh it's just like it brings to me
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00016-00018663-00019218 out because like not like you smell like scares me but it's just like it it's
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00017-00019218-00019754 jarring a sense of like well I don't I don't understand where this is from I
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00018-00019754-00020397 still looks like it's more of like for me I either a get defensive very quickly
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00019-00020397-00020807 very quickly like I'm just like no I have to defend myself just by myself I
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00020-00020807-00021288 have to change their mind because not only am i someone I feel like I'm I like
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00021-00021288-00021707 because there's myself people pleaser and all the simulator where I feel like
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00022-00021707-00022194 someone doesn't like me I'm like why why don't you like me why why what can I do
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00023-00022194-00022644 what how can I do mine how can I be like no this is this is high end I am like
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00024-00022644-00023245 let me show you that I'm you know not what you're trying to tell me I have so
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00025-00023579-00024260 people please it right like do you think that's healthy or unhealthy that we try
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00026-00024260-00024779 to switch people's view about us like do you think ask myself like am I putting
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00027-00024779-00025428 in too much effort trying to switch somebody's view on me and then in turn
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00028-00025428-00026234 when I tweet about it or something like am I am i showcasing not because we're
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00029-00026234-00026516 saying we're loving were we care about people but when I put
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00030-00026516-00026900 somebody on blast is that kind of that opposite of what I'm trying to do
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00031-00026900-00027293 there's two questions there do you think it's is bad that we're trying to switch
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00032-00027293-00027719 people's opinions of us and do you think is counterproductive for us to put
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00033-00027719-00029144 people on blast I would say definitely growing up of these past few months like
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00034-00029144-00029700 doing a lot of soul-searching I've come to realize that it is kind of
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00035-00029700-00030152 counterproductive and hearing other people's opinions on that when I do like
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00036-00030152-00031055 go off on Twitter where I'm like because I am an avid indirect researcher like I
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00037-00031055-00031652 am so obsessed with seeing how well people are receiving me because I want
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00038-00031652-00032052 to make sure I am putting my best stuff out there you know what I mean like I
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00039-00032052-00032447 want to make sure that people are you know receiving me the way that I want
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00040-00032447-00032946 them to receive me and like that's not you know any sort of whatever but it's
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00041-00032946-00033497 just like I don't want to come off as like a bitch so I go on Twitter and I'm
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00042-00033497-00034206 like I look at my in their act and then I'm like you said what about who like
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00043-00034206-00034691 absolutely not sweetie and I think that's where it's just like I don't need
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00044-00034691-00035061 to do that it's just a person with a random personal you know with an opinion
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00045-00035061-00035525 I think it's kind of productive because not only does it just show people that
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00046-00035525-00036180 I'm Teddy but it shows people that I'm bothered by this and I have it looks
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00047-00036180-00036537 like I'm trying to overcompensate for something where I'm just trying to play
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00048-00036537-00036983 it just it's not a cute look it's really not a cute look and it's it's something
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00049-00036983-00037406 I'm so struggling with and something I'm still like trying to fight and like
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00050-00037406-00038575 because I like ooh like in reddit like going on a retic going on like oh my god
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00051-00039474-00040027 like they it's like oh it's a fucking war zone
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00052-00040027-00040555 Osamu spit lock when you do it how much time you spend researching itself much I
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00053-00040555-00041077 would say on Twitter one today force war okay then it is always on Twitter but
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00054-00041077-00041433 like when it comes to a brat it on Aziz reddit when I post new videos gonna read
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00055-00041433-00041571 it guess I'm gonna see what they're saying
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00056-00041571-00041983 like I'm I don't mind opening up for saying this tour exposing myself about
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00057-00041983-00042381 that because it's just like I wants to with her saying LSD how my video is
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00058-00042381-00043505 because for myself and I know that's
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00060-00048336-00048633 criticism in general there is constructive and then there's
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00061-00048633-00049269 destructive there's there being like hey okay so recently I want so serious today
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00062-00049269-00049746 Syria called out of the brand which is sick you know and a lot of people don't
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00063-00049746-00050190 agree a lot of you were like well this is like listen I got so many of my
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00064-00050190-00050568 followers being like yo I think this is a really cool idea but I think you can
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00065-00050568-00051277 do it like that's like okay like how you're going about this let's
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00066-00051277-00051930 do something like this - it's like they put their opinions in without tearing me
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00067-00051930-00052458 down or without tearing it down in this situation because of that being like hey
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00069-00055771-00056251 drives me crazy that I have to sit here okay
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00070-00056251-00056797 I know that I've put myself in a position to be criticized I put myself
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00071-00056797-00057325 in this position I don't know I figure you know I'm allowed people can say
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00072-00057325-00057795 whatever that I know I'm a public figure people have the right to voice their
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00073-00057795-00058360 opinions on me but what point is your opinion just straight off fucking
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00074-00058360-00058852 bullying someone yeah at what point is your constructive criticism just tearing
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00075-00058852-00059302 someone down and you know what point is it that and that's my problem because
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00076-00059302-00060005 and those are usually the comments I respond to so the reason we are reactive
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00077-00060005-00060541 the reason we made this is because I saw something else going on with another
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00078-00060541-00061087 influencer today where their fans were saying you focus too much on the
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00079-00061087-00061429 negative so let me ask you this because this is something that I'm working on
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00080-00061429-00062313 like do you ever find yourself how can you like comment and retweet
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00081-00062313-00062725 constructive criticism or do you just fly past me they're like okay that's
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00082-00062725-00063838 good okay that's good how often do these that I'm showcasing hey this is how you
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00083-00063838-00064166 give so how am i teaching people the
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00084-00064166-00064769 criticism that I am taking oh that's a good point because you know but I feel
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00085-00064769-00065324 like I've had myself on being so interactive with my hours or just people
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00086-00065324-00066524 in general okay so the thing with me and how I I react to everyone I replied to
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00087-00066524-00067166 everyone I retweet everything I would find everything almost everything yeah
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00088-00067166-00067523 like I'm a youtube comments were bad all the brand's I there were so many
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00089-00067523-00067852 constructive comments and I would like them I would apply to them be like thank
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00090-00067852-00068251 you for the ball for the input stuff like that I mean I'm not screenshotting
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00091-00068251-00068794 at putting on Twitter or putting on this dear boy this is like I'm not doing that
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00092-00068794-00069491 but I read everything I comment she's pretty much I mean anything that has
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00093-00069491-00069877 some sort of positive everything behind in it whether to turn to criticism or
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00094-00069877-00070162 it's a nice comment or it's whatever something like that we have an STI
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00095-00070162-00070663 respond to it i retweeted I like it I don't really the thing people don't
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00096-00070663-00071156 because I also have to understand that currently right now in the climate of my
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00097-00071156-00071672 life I have a target on my back yeah I want to see me fail people want
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00098-00071672-00072139 to see me and people right now their focal point is what is Thomas doing
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00099-00072139-00072976 wrong and where I'm messing up is well I have this target on my back I'm not
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00100-00072976-00073428 being smart about how I'm moving and I'm still acting like I don't have this
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00101-00073428-00073989 my back I'm still acting like well let me ask you this perception versus
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00102-00073989-00074583 reality that's something I'm always fascinated with do you think that you're
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00103-00074583-00075036 focusing more and I'm asking this for myself too do you think you're focusing
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00104-00075036-00075450 more on the people who have a target on your back and want to see you fail then
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00105-00075450-00075999 you are focusing on the people who want to see you succeed like I signed up for
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00106-00075999-00076578 this collab because I see that you are willing to change and willing to grow so
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00107-00076578-00077097 do you think if you give too much focus to the people who want to see you fail
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00108-00077097-00077568 than the ones who want to see you succeed that's right I mean there's I've
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00109-00077568-00077940 been there's been a lot of research recently and I will link you the article
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00110-00077940-00078819 but there's resourcing that our brains hold on to negativity more than full-on
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00111-00078819-00079836 fucking science and I think like when I had just like this influx of just the
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00112-00079836-00080427 worst things things that about me I need my brain went from oh all this great
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00113-00080427-00080844 things is happening to me all this world shows being offended because it's just
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00114-00080844-00081639 like I also quite myself a perfectionist for the most part or again a people
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00115-00081639-00082329 pleaser and what I see all these people hating me I'm like no no yeah so and I'm
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00116-00082329-00082719 like and I know it's so fucked up for me because I'll completely ignore the
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00117-00082719-00083217 people that are rooting for me and I'll focus my attention on people that hate
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00118-00083217-00083433 me because I want to please them now these
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00119-00083433-00083868 people are already good they're okay yeah yeah they're okay with who I am
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00120-00083868-00084135 they're okay with what I'm doing so now it's time to focus on the people that
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00121-00084135-00084560 hate me because I want to please them I want to change them
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00122-00084701-00085398 everybody watching this is Thomas and I are acknowledging this it's something
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00123-00085398-00086124 that we're working on that's what I hate currently about the world is that we're
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00124-00086124-00086757 not allowed to talk about our fuck up or talk about our vices and our things
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00125-00086757-00087389 that we've messed up on because is taken as dirt you're not allowed to not be
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00126-00087389-00088023 perfect in the society and yes it's a little bit nauseating because I have a
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00127-00088023-00089889 human being - he's fucked up the person behind right now just like no one wants
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00128-00089889-00090158 to hear that no one wants to see that no one wants to see the fucked up no one
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00129-00090158-00090585 wants to see that or hear about it because now it's like this tainted
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00130-00090585-00090995 perception that they had about you in the middle way so it's like no okay
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00131-00090995-00091398 perfect example ariana grande she got a Korean stove or something tattooed on
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00132-00091398-00092460 our palm our Japanese barbecue tattooed are calm yeah people they don't want to
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00133-00092460-00092775 they don't want to accept it there I think if someone has spawned up it's
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00134-00092775-00093317 okay to accept it you fucked up and that's someone else's about that yeah
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00135-00093317-00094235 I'm gonna make a video about some people comment on my quality what
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00136-00094235-00096979 I do that because I don't do a lot of
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00137-00097258-00098189 myself because we have a comment where people see that one thing I love about
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00138-00098189-00098960 meeting other creators and stuff is that we're all just people but we're just
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00139-00098960-00099401 people but something I try to do is not use that as an excuse to continue to
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00140-00099401-00099899 screw expect about you is because you're trying to take your pass and turn it
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00141-00099899-00101117 into a growing experience that's why I want to do this video no like like when
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00142-00101117-00102353 she said that tops know what Lindsay Lohan so I have a great group of before
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00143-00102353-00102944 I have a team I have a friend Danielle who was probably the only person in my
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00144-00102944-00103780 life to this day that would stop me and be like you're a fucking idiot yeah and
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00145-00103780-00104408 the thing with me is I was in this lala land for a very like fairytale fantasy
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00146-00104408-00104765 world for a long time where I'm like I can do whatever I want I can say
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00147-00104765-00105167 whatever cuz I was getting away with it I was getting away with yeah yeah I was
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00148-00105167-00105507 getting a neighborhood because I had around me I had no one that cared about
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00149-00105507-00105854 you do it wealthy one of the scene you'd be besties they wanted to see me
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00150-00105854-00106467 dramatic and all that stuff and it took like talking to Danielle like cuz her
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00151-00106467-00106788 and I were off and on off and on friends for a while but we really became very
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00152-00106788-00107253 close when I broke up with my ex and all that stuff late I told her and I told
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00153-00107253-00107700 her what was going on with everything and she was like you like before
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00154-00107700-00108495 anything happened she was like first of all to hear it from someone else and
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00155-00108495-00109082 she's obsolete not to turn anyone off but she's gone to school for psychology
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00156-00109082-00109590 school for that she has you know she's graduate everything and she also is a
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00157-00109590-00110493 psychic so she's a psychologist and giving her perspective on everything and
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00158-00110493-00111078 her telling you like yo you're an awful person right now like you're being a
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00159-00111078-00111458 fuckin awful person yeah you know seeing your video about me to do like like
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00160-00111458-00112206 being open to different outsider perspective yeah really open my mind up
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00161-00112206-00112914 to how I was acting and how I was because I feel like and this is like you
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00162-00112914-00113574 know whatever but I feel I feel like a lot of people these days are in their
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00163-00113574-00113984 own delusions yeah and I was definitely one of those people who was just in my
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00164-00113984-00114456 own delusion like oh I can't do anything wrong I can't yeah everything I'm doing
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00165-00114456-00114836 is good I'm making all this money I have all these subscribers coming in and I
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00166-00114836-00115443 was definitely like for me it was anyone loves me now yeah and it was like I I
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00167-00115443-00115878 guess the one that's developed for me was like in high school
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00168-00115878-00116247 and there's a lot of trauma that goes into why I acted the way I did and I
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00169-00116247-00116952 can't talk about that because that will make this video very sensitive just like
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00170-00116952-00117444 an example of my behavior like in high school I would get so mad that I wasn't
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00171-00117444-00118024 hmm I was getting so mad that I couldn't be extent being accepted by people that
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00172-00118024-00118453 I looked up to I looked as peers and it would make me snowmen so do everything I
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00173-00118453-00119074 could to feel accepted so that meant like falling into delusion changing who
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00174-00119074-00119716 I was mm-hmm presenting a different way you know hiding like my real self
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00175-00119716-00120301 so not people can judge my real self you ain't will judge the speak like not
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00176-00120301-00120684 really fake but like this projection up and do it like you know you like this
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00177-00120684-00121207 whole facade of who I really am and this is like something that your whole story
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00178-00121207-00121591 about Danielle pulling you out on your shit like something I'm always preaching
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00179-00121591-00122044 to all of you on my channel is we need to keep people around who tell us what
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00180-00122044-00122650 we need to hear and not what we want it right right yes men don't do sit right
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00181-00122650-00123186 there yeah love my beautiful girlfriend everybody makes one because I wasn't
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00182-00123186-00123591 further with my beautiful girlfriend you think that's sweet oh ha ha just say
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00183-00123591-00124884 yes but she keeps me grounded like she will tell me Chris you are screwing up
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00184-00124884-00125641 doesn't mean I was like because I'm actually reading a new book called ego
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00185-00125641-00126683 is the enemy that can destroy us I destroyed a previous career or just man
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00186-00126683-00127929 and I completely ruined it so I want to sew this back to back to that so
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00187-00127929-00128385 something that I do because I'm trying to be an example for people and stuff
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00188-00128385-00128816 like that fighting is I want to teach people how
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00189-00128816-00129854 to stick up without selves justifying my climax is that right like hey stick up
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00190-00129854-00130280 for yourself you know somebody's talking trash it's okay to stick up for yourself
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00191-00130280-00130805 you know respectful way like I don't say like you know what your shitty or
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00192-00130805-00132212 whatever it is what will you do you think like looking forward in this path
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00193-00132212-00132747 both you and I trying to grow where does it become not getting bullied at
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00194-00132747-00133205 sticking up for yourself how can you and me you and I do that in a way where
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00195-00133205-00133497 we're not blasting people but we still stick up for ourselves
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00196-00133497-00134169 I'm gonna keep your altitude mmm I feel like yeah I feel like yeah people are
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00197-00134169-00134654 gonna say what they want to say but at least for me that's this point like
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00198-00134654-00135155 moving like this day forward for me it's like I don't want to give them the
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00199-00135155-00135732 feeling that I acknowledge their bullying or their I mean I've had people
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00200-00135732-00136253 I mean there is there's a time a place to be like hey this isn't nice and
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00201-00136253-00136620 that's like there's a time a place like you don't you should be talking to
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00202-00136620-00137169 people like this and and you know I'm trying to write to display that kind of
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00203-00137169-00137484 being here like you can't talk to like this you can't talk to me like this and
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00204-00137484-00138514 I need to be a nice person like for example I did a video of Piermont and i
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00205-00138514-00138858 retweeted already close to that or whatever and someone had said something
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00206-00138858-00139442 awful about had yeah it was just playing well where was this when and where is
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00207-00139442-00139736 this necessary yeah when and where was like just if you
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00208-00139736-00140126 don't like them just just don't like them and go if you don't like me just
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00209-00140126-00140660 don't like me go like you don't need to be like Thomas Howard's a funny kind you
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00210-00140660-00141122 don't need to be like that yeah this would be like putting your diary
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00211-00141562-00141964 you don't want to hear shit about to yeah like how I said I want to hear
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00212-00141964-00142358 about me as if it's constructive work with slate but at the same time to play
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00213-00142358-00142796 it someone's gonna fool because back when I was being called a fag here and
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00214-00142796-00143491 there and like elementary school middle school I would snap cuz you're like
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00215-00143491-00144079 you're I mean always thing wait a minute but when people was trying to like tell
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00216-00144079-00144932 me who I am with this is a it's like I would be like listen here you little
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00217-00144932-00146176 bitch like that and it's just like now I have to be like oh you don't like me you
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00218-00146176-00146758 know myself and teach others so much
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00219-00146988-00148124 some people don't even deserve the lesson of their choice for them once
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00220-00148124-00148426 they realize that they can't be acting like that because someone's gonna come
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00221-00148426-00148811 along and whether it's you were someone else and they're gonna they're gonna
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00222-00148811-00149641 have so you can't be acting like that no more blue you can't be doing this no
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00223-00149641-00150032 more boom so maybe it's not even my place to try to teach them like it's
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00224-00150032-00150422 just like yeah it's just like left arm I handle it because karma is real and imma
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00225-00150422-00150733 laugh at you one way another
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00226-00151503-00152124 to myself I will appear I'm looking like a bitch I'll say that someone's blasting
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00227-00152124-00153234 me on Twitter that idea of let it go don't apply thousands of followers say
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00228-00153234-00153906 looks like a fish like there's no other word for it it's a fear is that a fear
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00229-00153906-00154479 of yours as well being totally a bit yeah I haven't come to my attention
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00230-00154479-00155055 recently that it's not a good look to respond people like I'm like with an
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00231-00155055-00155517 attitude and it's before I didn't have that fear because I wasn't thinking
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00232-00155517-00155919 about that I'm thinking that I could come off as a bitch because again it
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00233-00155919-00156324 sometimes I'm in my own deception in my own delusion that I'm like I don't care
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00234-00156324-00156711 I want to be mean to this person because they're being mean to me yeah well they
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00235-00156711-00157152 deserve but at the same time like wolf Thomas you look like an asshole too just
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00236-00157152-00157437 as much as they look like an ass when I are both you're both showing your
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00237-00157437-00157818 asshole and now it's like we both look like
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00238-00157818-00158070 idiots yeah so I could just be the bigger
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00239-00158070-00158535 person like okay bye and nothing we respond to it and now now only to no one
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00240-00158535-00158922 see that I responded to someone being not only did people not steam you being
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00241-00158922-00159378 an asshole because I didn't respond to that person but no one cared about what
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00242-00159378-00161190 that person said because that person got one like on Twitter so so recently I
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00243-00161190-00162294 don't know if you if you were the tea the tea people have been trying to
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00244-00162294-00162632 expose me and videos
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00245-00163031-00163587 I'm doing it's my feelings so I get like with with like man that people on
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00246-00163587-00163923 Twitter not like you know random people in my comments not liking me but with
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00247-00163923-00164352 someone someone who has counseled subscribers someone with hundreds of
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00248-00164352-00165065 thousands of subscribers or even somebody with millions of subscribers so
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00249-00165245-00165744 maybe you're in a better place than I am when I have these youtubers because it's
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00250-00165744-00166251 inevitably going to happen again what should I do with these people with
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00251-00166251-00166725 gigantic channels are trying to expose me there they're presenting things that
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00252-00166725-00168425 are incorrect respond say what they said is not true I never said that in a video
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00253-00168938-00169545 ok so recently I had a situation where someone tried to say that my eating this
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00254-00169545-00170454 wasn't real and when something is so serious that I've struggled with for
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00255-00170454-00170703 five years of my life is being challenged by someone with a huge
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00256-00170703-00171399 platform it can be a little bit absolutely entirely irritating because I
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00257-00171399-00171843 am sitting there healing healing that situation every single day of my life
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00258-00171843-00172341 healing from that every single day and every single day I struggle where you
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00259-00172341-00172821 know I'm like getting triggered in like lobster right now and I cry because it's
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00260-00172821-00173421 like when you are sitting there and trying to heal from something so serious
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00261-00173421-00174009 and someone's out of fucking left field with a huge platform wants to make such
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00262-00174009-00174759 a huge false accusation like that to make me look like a horrible person it's
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00263-00174759-00175296 kind of and I think situations like that where something like that where ok let's
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00264-00175296-00175749 say someone's like trying to like disapprove of I don't know like you're
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00265-00175749-00175958 what not only saying that you're fake like
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00266-00175958-00176450 you don't do the lead people think that because I'm using youtubers as an
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00267-00176450-00176948 example to talk about mental health topics that people have been telling me
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00268-00176948-00177443 that I am a drama channel trying to disguise myself as a mental healthcare
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00269-00177443-00178070 that's what I get so that's like that you just have to ignore that you
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00270-00178070-00178517 shouldn't because like I mean eventually people understand what you're trying to
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00271-00178517-00179006 do like because you already have a core audience that understand what you're
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00272-00179006-00179282 trying to do and then you come these other people that are probably fans of
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00273-00179282-00179801 the people that you're talking about being like you know this is what what
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00274-00179801-00180155 you're trying because I do see I mean I don't know if you know this but I do see
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00275-00180155-00180470 a lot of other big influencers thinking that you're really fucking cool and let
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00276-00180470-00180935 you're doing really awesome yeah you know bringing a sleighing sometimes
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00277-00180935-00181595 sometimes it can be you know trying like as long as you're not I'll should
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00278-00181595-00181969 diagnose some people yeah
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00279-00182146-00182681 influence oh see if I like you're doing this you're doing this but you're giving
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00280-00182681-00183098 like okay maybe this is like oh you know as long as you're aware that you're
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00281-00183098-00183692 doing that you shouldn't have to care about what Amy th IV going up here's
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00282-00183692-00184138 your hand because they don't get it and they don't have because as long as we
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00283-00184138-00184862 get it and you get it because I recently made a response video
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00284-00184862-00185468 why so completely justified I thought it was okay to do but as I was reading the
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00285-00185468-00186011 comments I noticed something that you mentioned this person and myself share
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00286-00186011-00186659 some of the same subscribers and they didn't like like how they were and stuff
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00287-00186659-00187591 so normally between like the thing is like I will never
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00288-00187591-00188194 understand why anyone as an audience or a consumer of YouTube would ever pick
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00289-00188194-00188731 sides on influencers I feel like that is deep down this shit I feel like please
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00290-00188731-00189259 just enjoy everyone to enjoy please do not be so I don't get it I don't I mean
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00291-00189259-00189556 I get a lot of pictures you know junk it's my life any other finem in some
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00292-00189556-00190003 capacity yeah and you know like you know if everyone hits one person it's like
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00293-00190003-00190524 okay well I need them to something again like love me I get that's very it's a
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00294-00190524-00192649 world where all that like that's very much so what people do and you just have
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00295-00192649-00193138 to like you can't have to let people just be a whole thing about how people
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00296-00193138-00193522 want to be you know stand this person but won't you know it's so crazy because
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00297-00193522-00193972 I'll I used to be like that but what celebrities I would be like oh I would
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00298-00193972-00195043 I'll be like oh everyone hates me like that's an example like it's like oh all
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00299-00195043-00195364 these people start I have to fit in right like oh everyone looks very
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00300-00195364-00195685 autocratic so I have yeah we're like these are just examples this is not
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00301-00195685-00196150 actually my mentality yeah but like or like oh you know everyone hates this
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00302-00196150-00196411 person so I think that like I used to be like that I think it's more of an
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00303-00196411-00196810 immaturity thing rather than like a and I also feel like it's a lot of we're not
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00304-00196810-00197410 being strong in their own identity and their own thing you know it's hard to be
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00305-00197410-00197803 strong in your own identity when some a lot of you will I did these are fucking
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00306-00197803-00198364 a little every single day so hey I understand that you know I understand
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00307-00198364-00198826 that that's a lot of men's body nowadays because Twitter it's like people you
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00308-00198826-00199141 know some people would identify as trans and like didn't though it being someone
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00309-00199141-00199552 completely on the left bill being like you're invalid so I understand that like
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00310-00199552-00200184 there's me a lot of picked me now why don't you say I'm so smart
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00311-00200554-00201911 it's just like so you just have the left equal it's a you are blinded in the dark
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00312-00204800-00207150 no going on how can people make sure that they're keeping up with you and all
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00313-00207150-00207557 the beautiful stuff happening in your life like where can they find this
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00314-00207557-00208514 information so hospital with you eyes like a miner's name okay I'm gonna be
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00315-00208514-00209087 more come on Instagram now this year thing up and I think you were working on
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00316-00209087-00209639 some pretty dope crap like something that I feel like no and Julie got these
+8wUyBPT_WIQ-00317-00209639-00211771 things before this video and we'll see you next time
+8xm2HVj4TF4-00000-00000132-00000232 {\rtf1\ansi\ansicpg1252\cocoartf949\cocoasubrtf540 {\fonttbl\f0\fswiss\fcharset0 Helvetica;}
+8xm2HVj4TF4-00001-00000232-00000332 {\colortbl;\red255\green255\blue255;} \margl1440\margr1440\vieww9000\viewh8400\viewkind0
+8xm2HVj4TF4-00002-00000332-00000432 \pard\tx720\tx1440\tx2160\tx2880\tx3600\tx4320\tx5040\tx5760\tx6480\tx7200\tx7920\tx8640\ql\qnatural\pardirnatural
+8xm2HVj4TF4-00003-00000432-00000639 \f0\fs24 \cf0 One other thing I forgot because it was buried underneath this big bag pile
+8xm2HVj4TF4-00004-00000639-00001357 of 7 billion travel uh tourist magnets, I got this for 50 cents also.
+8xm2HVj4TF4-00005-00001357-00002016 This is a , I'm trying to do this without knocking this stuff over, a Georgia Bulldogs,
+8xm2HVj4TF4-00006-00002016-00002553 plastic, I don't know . Inside it has a lot of nuts and bolts.
+8xm2HVj4TF4-00007-00002553-00004346 And I know I shouldn't be sticking my hand in here not knowing what's in here.
+8xm2HVj4TF4-00008-00004346-00005043 Mainly nails and what are these anyway?They kinda look like nails.
+8xm2HVj4TF4-00009-00005043-00005191 Got that weird tip though.
+8xm2HVj4TF4-00010-00005191-00007978 A lot of screws and nails and a few washers, Some carpenter's nails, I guess thats what
+8xm2HVj4TF4-00011-00007978-00008230 they are.
+8xm2HVj4TF4-00012-00008230-00008938 Oh and this little thing, I forgot what the hell it's called.
+8xm2HVj4TF4-00013-00008938-00009111 ANyway I got this for 50 cents.
+8xm2HVj4TF4-00014-00009111-00009400 Got me some screws.
+8xm2HVj4TF4-00015-00009400-00009933 Case is kinda hard to snap back.
+8xm2HVj4TF4-00016-00009933-00010419 I might need to move these nails.
+8xm2HVj4TF4-00017-00010419-00011189 I might move these nails to this little plastic thing I keep dammit I keep all my nails in.
+8xm2HVj4TF4-00018-00011189-00011505 There we go.
+8xm2HVj4TF4-00019-00011505-00012379 Anyway it was 50 for that, a dollar for this, dollar ,fifty.
+8xm2HVj4TF4-00020-00012379-00012479 Three dollars.
+8xm2HVj4TF4-00021-00012479-00012764 and mom got hers for two two fifty.
+8xm2HVj4TF4-00022-00012764-00012944 SO that's it.}
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00000-00000000-00000206 (sad piano music)
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00001-00000206-00000550 - [Announcer] Here's to the things that can keep us safe,
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00002-00000550-00000811 those we use all the time with hardly a thought,
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00003-00000926-00001327 those that are silently standing by to save our lives,
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00004-00001327-00001665 and now, those that we carry with us everywhere we go.
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00005-00001665-00001844 (buzzing)
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00006-00001844-00002038 Many mobile devices will now bring you
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00007-00002038-00002342 wireless emergency alerts, real time information
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00008-00002342-00002594 directly from local sources you know and trust,
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00009-00002594-00002785 with the unique sound and vibration,
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00010-00002785-00002992 you'll be in the know wherever you are.
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00011-00003175-00003513 (dramatic drum music)
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00012-00003513-00003684 - Hello, and thanks for tuning into this webcast
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00013-00003684-00003992 about the Wireless Emergency Alerts, WEA,
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00014-00003992-00004267 also affectionately known as WEA.
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00015-00004267-00004494 I'm Shawn Boyd with the California Governor's Office
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00016-00004494-00004606 of Emergency Services.
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00017-00004606-00004887 Today, really our goal is going to be
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00018-00004887-00005249 to show you why these alerts are so important
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00019-00005249-00005527 in our state to keep our citizens safe,
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00020-00005527-00005775 to dispel any myths associated with them,
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00021-00005775-00005977 and most importantly, to encourage you,
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00022-00005977-00006305 the local agency, first responders, to sign up today
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00023-00006305-00006514 if you haven't done so already.
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00024-00006514-00006739 So as Lilly Wyatt explains,
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00025-00006739-00007050 this is really just a compliment to the system,
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00026-00007050-00007325 the Emergency Alert System, that's already in existence.
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00027-00007600-00007997 - With more cell phones than Americans, it's logical,
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00028-00007997-00008221 emergency personnel view mobile devices
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00029-00008221-00008402 as important communication tools
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00030-00008402-00008635 to alert people as soon as possible,
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00031-00008635-00008983 that their lives or property are seriously at risk.
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00032-00008983-00009345 That's why the FCC, FEMA, and the wireless industry
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00033-00009345-00009609 developed the Wireless Emergency Alerts.
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00034-00009609-00009912 WEA allows customers who own wireless phones
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00035-00009912-00010155 and other enabled mobile devices
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00036-00010155-00010521 to receive geographically targeted text-like messages,
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00037-00010521-00010962 alerting them of imminent threats to safety in their area.
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00038-00010962-00011218 New technology ensures that emergency alerts
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00039-00011218-00011491 will not get stuck in highly congested areas,
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00040-00011491-00011637 which can happen with standard
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00041-00011637-00011887 mobile voice and texting services.
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00042-00011887-00012110 There are three different kinds of alerts:
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00043-00012110-00012405 Presidential alerts issued by the President,
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00044-00012405-00012632 imminent threat alerts that include severe
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00045-00012632-00012900 man-made or natural disasters,
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00046-00012900-00013222 and AMBER Alerts that meet the U.S. Department of Justice's
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00047-00013222-00013465 criteria to help law enforcement
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00048-00013465-00013800 search for and locate an abducted child.
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00049-00013800-00014021 So, what are the benefits of WEA?
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00050-00014021-00014216 - Well, the service is automatic.
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00051-00014216-00014482 No need to download an app or sign up.
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00052-00014482-00014721 Neither mobile users nor the agencies
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00053-00014721-00015016 sending this alert are charged for them.
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00054-00015016-00015294 WEA uses a point-to-multipoint system,
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00055-00015294-00015540 which means alert messages will be sent
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00056-00015540-00015769 to those within a targeted area.
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00057-00015769-00015963 So even if you are away from home,
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00058-00015963-00016272 as long as your cell phone is on and has a signal,
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00059-00016272-00016511 you will get the alerts wherever you are,
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00060-00016511-00016803 regardless of where the phone is registered.
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00061-00016803-00017109 When the alert is sent out, the alert has a unique
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00062-00017109-00017364 audible signal and vibration cadence
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00063-00017364-00017587 so all consumers, including individuals
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00064-00017587-00017794 with disabilities, are aware of the danger.
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00065-00017794-00018066 These alerts are no more than 90 characters, and include
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00066-00018066-00018376 the following information: whose sending the alert,
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00067-00018376-00018746 what is happening, who is affected, and what action to take.
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00068-00018746-00019009 24 cities and counties across California
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00069-00019009-00019243 have already signed up for this service.
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00070-00019243-00019478 To double check and see if your phone is set up
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00071-00019478-00019785 to receive these alerts, on an iPhone 5,
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00072-00019785-00020122 you need to go into settings, notification center,
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00073-00020122-00020329 and scroll down all the way to the bottom
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00074-00020329-00020657 to make sure the alerts are switched to the on position.
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00075-00020657-00020856 Of course, this will vary by device,
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00076-00020856-00021083 manufacturers, and carriers.
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00077-00021083-00021321 You also have the power to turn this off,
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00078-00021321-00021620 but emergency managers really don't recommend it.
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00079-00021620-00021952 The goal of this program is to save lives and property,
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00080-00021952-00022243 as we build a disaster ready nation.
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00081-00022243-00022542 In Sacramento, Lilly Wyatt for Cal OES.
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00082-00022630-00022914 - So, we know you have questions, and we want to make sure
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00083-00022914-00023136 we give you the answers to those questions right now,
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00084-00023136-00023607 and what you can do is email us at questions@CalOES.ca.gov.
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00085-00023607-00023985 One more time, questions@CalOES.ca.gov,
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00086-00023985-00024199 and we'll get back to you right away.
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00087-00024199-00024420 Now officially available in April of 2012,
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00088-00024420-00024649 there are already a number of success stories
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00089-00024649-00024903 across the state and the country, believe it or not,
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00090-00024903-00025226 on how WEA has saved people's lives, many of them.
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00091-00025226-00025415 Now recently, I took a trip to San Diego
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00092-00025415-00025727 to meet with the folks over there at the Weather Service
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00093-00025727-00025958 to see just how these alerts have been sent out
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00094-00025958-00026157 and how they're saving lives.
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00095-00026157-00026240 (dramatic music)
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00096-00026240-00026323 - You gotta go.
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00097-00026323-00026510 - [Narrator] Whether it's a missing child,
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00098-00026686-00027039 a terrorist threat, or the weather,
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00099-00027039-00027493 Wireless Emergency Alerts, or WEA, can save lives,
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00100-00027493-00027791 as many of the warning systems already in use do.
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00101-00027791-00028007 (beeping)
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00102-00028102-00028389 But most of those require you to be tuned in to the TV
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00103-00028389-00028617 or the radio, or logged onto the net.
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00104-00028617-00028876 - The power of the Wireless Emergency Alert System
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00105-00028876-00029048 is that you don't need any of that.
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00106-00029048-00029201 - [Narrator] All you need is a smartphone,
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00107-00029201-00029425 which 61% of us have.
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00108-00029425-00029607 The National Weather Service in San Diego
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00109-00029607-00029948 began testing and using WEA in 2012.
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00110-00029948-00030201 Since then, it's issued more than 140
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00111-00030201-00030371 flash flood warnings alone.
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00112-00030371-00030494 (beeping)
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00113-00030494-00030841 It took just minutes for mountain roads to be transformed
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00114-00030841-00031122 into rivers of mud Sunday afternoon.
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00115-00031122-00031277 - It's working as it should.
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00116-00031372-00031543 When we put it out to a certain area,
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00117-00031543-00031745 it goes to that certain area.
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00118-00031745-00031968 - [Narrator] WEA allows the National Weather Service
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00119-00031968-00032242 to use cell towers to target who gets their warnings
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00120-00032242-00032670 for flash floods, tornadoes, dust storms, and tsunamis.
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00121-00032670-00032885 - Now keep in mind that these emergency alerts
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00122-00032885-00033060 are specific to the highest threat area,
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00123-00033060-00033248 meaning that here at Mission Beach,
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00124-00033248-00033511 if a tsunami was expected to come ashore,
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00125-00033511-00033828 only those folks here, the tourists and the residents,
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00126-00033828-00034065 would be the ones to actually get those alerts.
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00127-00034065-00034258 - [Narrator] Alex Tardy shows us how they do it.
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00128-00034258-00034520 - So flash flood warning is up here.
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00129-00034520-00034718 We go down here, we say, how long?
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00130-00034718-00034953 And then did public report flash flooding,
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00131-00034953-00035221 did Doppler radar report flash flooding,
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00132-00035221-00035484 did the media report flash flooding?
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00133-00035484-00035657 They pick all those messages in there,
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00134-00035657-00035848 and then they hit create text.
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00135-00035848-00035964 - [Narrator] Once they write the message,
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00136-00035964-00036178 the next step is to select the geographical
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00137-00036178-00036365 boundaries for the WEA warning.
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00138-00036365-00036636 It's as simple as drawing a box around it, then...
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00139-00036636-00036846 - [Alex] Hit send. Once they hit send,
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00140-00036846-00037025 they don't do anything else.
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00141-00037025-00037167 - [Narrator] He says it's not perfect,
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00142-00037167-00037282 but it's getting there.
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00143-00037282-00037595 - The concern right now is that it goes out to a larger
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00144-00037595-00038018 population beyond that potentially  impacted area.
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00145-00038018-00038268 - [Narrator] But the benefits far outweigh any concerns,
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00146-00038268-00038545 including the challenges of determining who would issue
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00147-00038545-00038869 any alerts, and communication between those agencies.
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00148-00038869-00039288 - And they do work in coordination with local jurisdictions,
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00149-00039288-00039544 so that there is a coordinated effort to ensure
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00150-00039544-00039916 the messaging is appropriate and proper for that area.
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00151-00039916-00040056 - [Narrator] And the WEA system
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00152-00040056-00040249 works beyond weather warnings.
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00153-00040249-00040518 Law enforcement is finding more and more uses for it,
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00154-00040518-00040741 especially for AMBER Alerts.
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00155-00040741-00041034 WEA proved itself with the Yuba City PD in June.
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00156-00041034-00041267 - You know, in my 16-year career in law enforcement,
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00157-00041267-00041523 this was the best I've ever seen.
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00158-00041523-00041717 - [Narrator] Shawna Pavey is talking about how,
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00159-00041717-00042006 in record time, a Wireless Emergency Alert
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00160-00042006-00042167 helped catch a man whom police
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00161-00042167-00042398 believed kidnapped three children.
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00162-00042398-00042646 - To have a situation where the first time we really
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00163-00042646-00042881 had an active AMBER Alert system come out on this,
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00164-00042881-00043095 and have such a positive result,
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00165-00043095-00043261 to have three children returned safely
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00166-00043261-00043509 within five minutes, it's just phenomenal.
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00167-00043509-00043675 - [Narrator] Around here, in Yuba City,
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00168-00043675-00043924 Gurinder Jhutty is hero of the year.
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00169-00043924-00044034 - I didn't believe it...
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00170-00044123-00044206 (laughs)
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00171-00044206-00044290 I was like, what?
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00172-00044290-00044401 - [Narrator] He got the WEA warning,
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00173-00044401-00044606 an AMBER Alert for three missing kids.
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00174-00044606-00044822 He knew instantly it was serious.
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00175-00044822-00045041 - There has to be something, you  know, about it.
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00176-00045041-00045210 It's totally different. I never seen anything
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00177-00045210-00045455 on the phone like that before, right.
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00178-00045455-00045611 - [Narrator] And the timing was impeccable,
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00179-00045611-00045791 and so was Jhutty's awareness.
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00180-00045791-00046065 He got a good look at the plate and it was a match.
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00181-00046065-00046405 - I was like numb, you know. I was like,  what? Then, that's when I called 911.
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00182-00046675-00046815 - [Narrator] Five minutes later,
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00183-00046815-00047207 cops had the suspect boxed in and under arrest.
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00184-00047207-00047591 WEA performed beyond expectation, and Yuba PD is sold
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00185-00047591-00047788 on its capability and potential.
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00186-00047788-00047986 - Well, from a law enforcement perspective,
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00187-00047986-00048349 this increases your eyes in the community exponentially.
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00188-00048349-00048644 - [Narrator] WEA can save lives, and it just may have
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00189-00048644-00048819 on that day back in June,
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00190-00048819-00049040 with a little help from an alert citizen.
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00191-00049040-00049156 - If people are aware, you know,
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00192-00049156-00049435 if they know what's going on around their surroundings,
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00193-00049435-00049621 I think that thing works.
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00194-00049621-00049896 (dramatic music)
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00195-00050119-00050409 - AT&T, Sprint, T-Mobile, and Verizon
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00196-00050409-00050651 are just a few of the wireless companies
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00197-00050651-00050943 who are participating in WEA, which is the result
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00198-00050943-00051347 of a unique public-private partnership between the FCC,
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00199-00051347-00051754 FEMA, and the wireless industry to enhance public safety.
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00200-00051754-00052070 Now in 1997, the Emergency Alert system was designed
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00201-00052070-00052267 for the President to speak to the American people
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00202-00052267-00052524 within 10 minutes of a national emergency.
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00203-00052524-00052865 Since then, both the federal and state governments alike,
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00204-00052865-00053201 have been working on making improvements to these alerts.
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00205-00053201-00053604 Now the Wireless Emergency Alerts were formally known
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00206-00053604-00054033 as the Commercial Mobile Alert System, and prior to that
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00207-00054033-00054364 as the Personal Localized Alerting Network.
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00208-00054364-00054650 So let's discuss how we at the California Governor's Office
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00209-00054650-00055020 of Emergency Services can help you with these alerts.
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00210-00055020-00055190 Joining me now to answer those questions
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00211-00055190-00055280 are a number of folks here
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00212-00055280-00055523 that we work with day in and day out.
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00213-00055523-00055829 We're talking about OES Inland Regional Administrator
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00214-00055829-00056250 Eric Lamoureux. We have Fire Chief Kim Zagaris,
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00215-00056250-00056444 who is also a Rescue and Fire Chief,
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00216-00056444-00056654 I think is the official title, and then Mark Pazin,
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00217-00056654-00057024 who is our Chief from law enforcement.
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00218-00057024-00057297 So we're gonna start with...first of all,
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00219-00057297-00057452 I do wanna thank you guys for being here,
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00220-00057452-00057691 taking time out of your busy days.
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00221-00057691-00057877 These guys are incredibly busy.
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00222-00057877-00058129 So what we wanna do first of all is talk with Eric.
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00223-00058129-00058404 Eric, now you have obviously
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00224-00058404-00058700 very dialed into this WEA system, and I guess
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00225-00058700-00058826 my first question to you would be,
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00226-00058826-00059165 as a manager, as an emergency manager,
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00227-00059165-00059460 how do you find that WEA is beneficial
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00228-00059460-00059797 during or prior to any kind of disaster?
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00229-00059797-00060042 - Well you know, WEA, Shawn, it's just the latest addition
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00230-00060042-00060251 to our alert and warning toolbox.
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00231-00060251-00060627 Just as we've always been able to get notifications
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00232-00060627-00060924 of imminent threats out to folks through the EAS System
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00233-00060924-00061104 to their televisions and radios,
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00234-00061104-00061370 now we have the ability to add to that,
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00235-00061370-00061641 the ability to get out to folks on their wireless devices.
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00236-00061641-00061787 So it's really a key tool.
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00237-00061787-00061991 - Absolutely, and I would assume the same
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00238-00061991-00062224 kind of holds true for you Chief Zagaris.
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00239-00062224-00062553 - It does. WEA actually will help the Fire and Rescue
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00240-00062553-00062804 and other first responders to be able to get out,
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00241-00062804-00063084 to notify the public of danger,
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00242-00063084-00063462 either to them or their property. It could be during fires,
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00243-00063462-00063803 hazmat event, could also be during earthquakes,
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00244-00063803-00064203 tsunamis, other weather-related incidents,
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00245-00064203-00064574 or it could be something as a multi-casualty accident
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00246-00064574-00064871 out on the highway, or it could be a terrorism event,
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00247-00064871-00065047 or some other type of disaster.
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00248-00065047-00065314 - Okay, and Chief Pazin, with you,
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00249-00065314-00065600 I would imagine the first thing that comes to your mind
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00250-00065600-00065835 would be possibly AMBER Alerts.
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00251-00065835-00065970 - Exactly, Shawn. With WEA,
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00252-00066089-00066308 the Wireless Emergency Alert System,
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00253-00066308-00066684 it now complements an already in-place and successful
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00254-00066684-00066903 alert system in the AMBER Alert.
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00255-00066903-00067234 So many successes with the AMBER Alert system.
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00256-00067234-00067500 We now can complement this with WEA.
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00257-00067500-00067815 And I would also like to add with my counterparts,
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00258-00067815-00068289 that this sponsored governmental agency alert system
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00259-00068289-00068680 will enhance the capabilities of not only a person,
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00260-00068680-00069034 but a person's family, in case of a disaster
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00261-00069034-00069471 or some type of emergency that they are involved in
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00262-00069471-00069770 or have witnessed. So it's a win-win for everybody.
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00263-00069770-00069969 - The story that we saw just a moment ago
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00264-00069969-00070393 actually showed one of those families who benefited
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00265-00070393-00070785 from that AMBER Alert. Went right to that guy;s cell phone,
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00266-00070785-00071065 alerted him. It caught his attention, and boom.
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00267-00071065-00071171 He was able to make the call.
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00268-00071171-00071406 He didn't ignore it. He got that call and sent that.
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00269-00071406-00071489 - Exactly.
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00270-00071489-00071572 - ...called 911. - And that's what
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00271-00071572-00071656 we're talking about.
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00272-00071656-00071933 - Okay. Eric, so we've got a number of agencies,
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00273-00071933-00072280 many of them, in fact too many, in California
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00274-00072280-00072527 who haven't registered yet for WEA.
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00275-00072527-00072745 Why is it important for these folks to register for WEA?
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00276-00072745-00073245 - Well, you know, it's a tremendous asset for us.
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00277-00073295-00073547 We've historically been very successful
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00278-00073547-00073827 with the Emergency Alert System, hitting TVs and radios,
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00279-00073827-00074027 but now we can hit those folks that are traveling through
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00280-00074027-00074237 our communities, and when we've got a threat,
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00281-00074237-00074408 it's important that we can reach
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00282-00074408-00074608 as broad an audience as possible.
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00283-00074608-00074701 We wanna hit everybody.
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00284-00074701-00074877 We don't want to get folks that are just listening
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00285-00074877-00075056 on their radio or their television.
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00286-00075056-00075253 We wan to get folks that have their wireless devices.
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00287-00075253-00075439 Recently, I was traveling through the Central Valley
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00288-00075439-00075829 on business, and got an alert of a hazardous dust storm
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00289-00075829-00076040 that the National Weather Service believed
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00290-00076040-00076241 was going to be blowing through the valley,
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00291-00076241-00076616 and that's really critical, especially if you're sensitive
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00292-00076616-00076813 to those types of conditions, or if it's a hazardous
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00293-00076813-00076969 condition that we don't want folks driving through.
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00294-00076969-00077393 So it's just a great new additional asset to allow us
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00295-00077393-00077541 to get the broadest reach possible.
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00296-00077541-00077815 - And in fact, a lot of those folks who are out there
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00297-00077815-00078161 in some of these rural communities are in ag,
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00298-00078161-00078435 and they may be out working the fields or something
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00299-00078435-00078625 and it would benefit them to know
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00300-00078625-00078793 that there was a dust storm on the way.
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00301-00078793-00079051 - Yeah, the tool, the Wireless Emergency Alert System,
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00302-00079051-00079336 allows us to target wireless devices.
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00303-00079336-00079583 The most important thing is that people
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00304-00079583-00079968 don't disconnect that WEA service off their phone.
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00305-00079968-00080109 It's a service that's already there.
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00306-00080109-00080382 It's available. It's gonna alert your device,
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00307-00080382-00080574 so long as you keep it active.
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00308-00080574-00080721 - And it doesn't cost them anything. No, it doesn't.
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00309-00080721-00080929 It's there, it's already good to go.
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00310-00080929-00081340 So Chief Zagaris, a lot of fires so far this season.
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00311-00081340-00081687 We've had a little bit of a low right now, which is nice.
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00312-00081687-00082036 Any of these fires involve a WEA alert?
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00313-00082036-00082294 Has it been utilized for any of those fires?
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00314-00082294-00082567 - Actually, this year, we're not aware of any time
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00315-00082567-00082755 it has been used for any of the wild land fires
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00316-00082755-00083212 that we've experienced. I see actually, for the future,
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00317-00083212-00083571 it being a very useful tool out there.
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00318-00083571-00083767 I think, as Eric was just talking about,
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00319-00083767-00083955 so many people in the old days
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00320-00083955-00084270 would listen to the radio or  would wait for, you know...
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00321-00084270-00084744 we'd call their landlines back in the days.
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00322-00084744-00085142 So many people are using a cell phone today, a smart device,
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00323-00085142-00085266 we can actually send it out
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00324-00085266-00085407 and be able to get ahold of people.
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00325-00085407-00085700 Just in wild land fire, we never know exactly who's out
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00326-00085700-00085958 and what they're doing, whether they're camping, hiking,
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00327-00085958-00086221 whatever type of recreational activity they may be doing,
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00328-00086221-00086368 you can surely bet they're probably going to carry
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00329-00086368-00086679 their cellular phone and if they are,
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00330-00086679-00086832 and if we've got connectability,
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00331-00086832-00087032 then we'll be able to reach them and send that message
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00332-00087032-00087342 to them with any threat or danger, so they're more aware
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00333-00087342-00087483 of what's going on around them.
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00334-00087483-00087728 - Chief Pazin, I'm curious. You were a sheriff
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00335-00087728-00087984 back in the day, before you came to Cal OES.
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00336-00087984-00088320 Was WEA or any form of that used back then
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00337-00088320-00088494 when you were there? If not,
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00338-00088494-00088675 would it have helped in any situation?
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00339-00088675-00089077 - You know, as sheriff of Merced County, with Cal OES,
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00340-00089077-00089291 the money that we got from those grants,
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00341-00089291-00089611 we were able to put in the Reverse 9-1-1,
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00342-00089611-00089802 and you gotta bare in mind
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00343-00089802-00089959 even though we've been going through a drought
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00344-00089959-00090298 here in California, thank goodness the rains have come,
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00345-00090298-00090499 we had a series of floods. We had a series
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00346-00090499-00090831 of other fires in the Central Valley area.
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00347-00090920-00091344 I can not emphasize enough to Shawn, and to you
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00348-00091344-00091672 and our viewers, just how critically important
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00349-00091672-00092124 that technological advancement of both the AMBER Alert,
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00350-00092124-00092507 WEA, the Reverse 9-1-1, all these put together
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00351-00092507-00092837 the perfect trifecta to enhance public safety,
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00352-00092837-00093159 and that's what we're trying to emphasize here.
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00353-00093159-00093486 So with all those little, I would submit to you,
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00354-00093486-00093864 arrows in our quiver, we're able to use that,
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00355-00093864-00094114 and with the enhancement of WEA,
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00356-00094114-00094321 again, it's all about public safety
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00357-00094321-00094620 and the usability and the advancement of such.
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00358-00094620-00094816 - Absolutely. Eric...yeah, go ahead.
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00359-00094816-00095170 - You know Shawn, Chief Pazin talks about the Reverse 9-1-1.
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00360-00095170-00095409 It's a tool that a lot of local governments use
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00361-00095409-00095619 to get notifications out to residents
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00362-00095619-00095786 that have subscribed to that service,
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00363-00095786-00095983 and where WEA complements that is,
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00364-00095983-00096230 you now have the ability to hit other folks
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00365-00096230-00096381 that are traveling through that community.
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00366-00096381-00096691 So, the Reverse 9-1-1 systems are incredibly robust.
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00367-00096691-00096892 They get out to the residents that have signed up,
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00368-00096892-00097087 but they miss those folks that may be traveling
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00369-00097087-00097361 or tourists in a particular community.
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00370-00097361-00097568 We've got a lot of those locations throughout the state.
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00371-00097568-00097655 - Now, a moment ago,
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00372-00097655-00097860 I may have misspoken to a certain degree.
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00373-00097982-00098368 I said that if you don't get a wireless signal,
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00374-00098501-00098660 let's say you have bad cell coverage,
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00375-00098660-00098967 that you may not get that alert. But from what I understand,
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00376-00098967-00099294 that is possible that to get some kind of alert, right?
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00377-00099294-00099483 - Well, there's concerns I think by some folks
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00378-00099483-00099683 that the congestion will result
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00379-00099683-00099803 in them not getting the alert and
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00380-00099803-00099950 that's not the case.
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00381-00099950-00100162 The alerts will continue to go through,
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00382-00100162-00100396 regardless of any congestion that may be occurring.
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00383-00100396-00100607 - Okay, does anybody else have anything
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00384-00100607-00100801 else that they wanna add?
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00385-00100801-00101031 The whole point here is that there are too many
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00386-00101031-00101323 agencies that haven't signed up yet.
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00387-00101323-00101470 It seems like a no brainer.
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00388-00101470-00101643 It's just another tool in the toolbox.
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00389-00101643-00101975 - Well Shawn, the only thing that we can collectively
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00390-00101975-00102320 emphasize is about public safety.
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00391-00102320-00102624 See something, you get the alert, again,
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00392-00102624-00102941 as Eric had mentioned and Chief Zagaris had mentioned,
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00393-00102941-00103392 between AMBER Alerts, between Reverse 9-1-1,
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00394-00103392-00103563 and with the WEA,
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00395-00103690-00104068 there's no reason not to be informed.
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00396-00104068-00104508 Again, as I mentioned earlier in our conversation,
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00397-00104508-00104847 the technological advancements are there and the public
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00398-00104847-00105139 needs to use them, not only for themselves,
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00399-00105139-00105403 but their neighbors and their family.
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00400-00105403-00105733 - We actually need the emergency services community
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00401-00105733-00106002 to embrace it, and we need the public to embrace it,
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00402-00106002-00106288 for their selves as individuals, their families,
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00403-00106288-00106404 and their friends, and their loved ones.
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00404-00106404-00106594 It really will benefit everybody.
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00405-00106594-00106758 I can't imagine in today's day and age,
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00406-00106758-00106940 when you find out about an event,
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00407-00106940-00107127 that you don't reach out to,  you know touch
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00408-00107127-00107277 all those folks, one way or another.
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00409-00107277-00107777 So again, as society changes from how we used to listen
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00410-00107821-00108242 to radio and TV, and people  are on the internet listening...
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00411-00108242-00108425 not listening to the radio, maybe they've got an iPod
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00412-00108425-00108742 or some other device, or they don't have landlines.
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00413-00108742-00108917 Just about everybody you look at anymore
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00414-00108917-00109232 has got a smart device, some type of cellular capability.
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00415-00109232-00109631 So it's really one of those things we need to embrace
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00416-00109753-00110075 as citizens of this state, and as a nation.
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00417-00110075-00110330 - It just makes sense, right? It just makes sense.
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00418-00110330-00110421 Why would you not, all right?
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00419-00110421-00110640 Thanks gentlemen for being here.
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00420-00110640-00110791 Really appreciate you taking the time out
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00421-00110791-00111034 and getting that message out. It's really important.
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00422-00111034-00111227 All right, so we wan to thank you guys as well.
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00423-00111227-00111539 Now listen, we're going to have some folks standing by
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00424-00111539-00111739 their emails, looking for emails to come in.
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00425-00111739-00112101 Again, it's questions@calOES.ca.gov.
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00426-00112101-00112232 Those questions will be answered
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00427-00112232-00112452 by any one of these experts, anyone.
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00428-00112452-00112608 If they can't answer the question,
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00429-00112608-00112806 we'll get it figured out one way or another,
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00430-00112806-00112928 and we'll get it back to you.
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00431-00112928-00113118 So be sure to send us those questions.
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00432-00113214-00113477 - [Narrator] But before we go, a quick recap.
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00433-00113477-00113761 WEA is a federal initiative, which began in June of 2012.
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00434-00113847-00114173 WEA warnings include three types: Presidential alerts,
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00435-00114173-00114477 imminent threat alerts, and AMBER Alerts.
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00436-00114477-00114734 And here are the governments that can send WEA warnings:
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00437-00114734-00114933 federal agencies, state governments,
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00438-00114933-00115209 territorial governments, and tribal governments,
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00439-00115209-00115447 as well as local governments. And you'll need
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00440-00115447-00115675 to buy Incident Management software.
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00441-00115675-00115981 And for the public, WEA messages are free.
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00442-00115981-00116229 They are automatic with no apps to download,
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00443-00116229-00116468 and they look most like notifications when they come in,
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00444-00116468-00116709 which by the way, you should not disable.
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00445-00116709-00117076 - And we can't forget, the CHP and Cal Trans
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00446-00117076-00117341 for letting us invade their communication center.
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00447-00117341-00117508 It was critical for us to have this
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00448-00117508-00117733 facility to get this message out.
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00449-00117733-00117880 Thanks, take care.
+8-WHnqGvjaQ-00450-00118034-00118309 (dramatic music)
+8CGW_JtNqsU-00000-00000000-00000752 Hi I'm Ella. However you've arrived here
+8CGW_JtNqsU-00001-00000752-00000900 you  might be wondering what When I Work is all
+8CGW_JtNqsU-00002-00000900-00001155 about.  So let's do a quick overview.
+8CGW_JtNqsU-00003-00001155-00001329 When I Work is scheduling and time clock
+8CGW_JtNqsU-00004-00001329-00001482 software for your computer and mobile
+8CGW_JtNqsU-00005-00001482-00001571 device.
+8CGW_JtNqsU-00006-00001571-00001773 The When I Work web app is the main hub for
+8CGW_JtNqsU-00007-00001773-00001938 who does the scheduling, but you can also
+8CGW_JtNqsU-00008-00001938-00002148 login here. You can check your schedule,
+8CGW_JtNqsU-00009-00002148-00002636 see who else is working, request time off,
+8CGW_JtNqsU-00010-00002636-00002969 and a lot more. It's also a great place
+8CGW_JtNqsU-00011-00002969-00003171 to set your availability. Let your
+8CGW_JtNqsU-00012-00003171-00003357 manager know when you prefer to work and
+8CGW_JtNqsU-00013-00003357-00003482 when you'd rather not.
+8CGW_JtNqsU-00014-00003482-00003642 The great thing about When I Work is that
+8CGW_JtNqsU-00015-00003642-00003773 almost everything you can do on your
+8CGW_JtNqsU-00016-00003773-00003947 computer, you can also do on your mobile
+8CGW_JtNqsU-00017-00003947-00004167 device. We have apps for iPhone and
+8CGW_JtNqsU-00018-00004167-00004380 Android that are free to download. On
+8CGW_JtNqsU-00019-00004380-00004553 mobile we make it super easy for you to
+8CGW_JtNqsU-00020-00004553-00004698 see your next shift,
+8CGW_JtNqsU-00021-00004698-00004926 who else is working during that shift,
+8CGW_JtNqsU-00022-00004926-00005489 pick up OpenShifts, manage your requests,
+8CGW_JtNqsU-00023-00005489-00005934 request time off, change your
+8CGW_JtNqsU-00024-00005934-00006273 availability preferences, send and receive
+8CGW_JtNqsU-00025-00006273-00006606 work messages, and punch in for work just
+8CGW_JtNqsU-00026-00006606-00006809 like on the web app. Now that you've had
+8CGW_JtNqsU-00027-00006809-00006981 a glance at what When I Work can do for
+8CGW_JtNqsU-00028-00006981-00007022 you,
+8CGW_JtNqsU-00029-00007022-00007167 check out the rest of our videos for
+8CGW_JtNqsU-00030-00007167-00007350 more information on specific features.
+8CGW_JtNqsU-00031-00007350-00007936 See you there!
+8IQeKcJ-hHy-00000-00000000-00000208 July 2019 Capricorn Horoscope
+8KkFti6mZCo-00000-00000157-00000481 How rare are extreme events?
+8KkFti6mZCo-00001-00000481-00001700 One might think that an event with a return period of ‘T=100 years’ is a rare event.
+8KkFti6mZCo-00002-00001700-00002357 Indeed on average, the event occurs or is exceeded once every 100 years.
+8KkFti6mZCo-00003-00002357-00003495 But what is the probability that a person who will live 80 years, will experience the event?
+8KkFti6mZCo-00004-00003495-00005679 With a return period of 100 = years, the probability of exceedance is p = 1 / t = 1 / 100.
+8KkFti6mZCo-00005-00005679-00007548 And that the event is not exceeded:  q = 1- p = 1 - (1 / T ) = 0.99.
+8KkFti6mZCo-00006-00007548-00009245 The probability of not exceeding in 80 years is:  q ^ 80 = 1 - (1 / T) ^ 80 = 0.45 or 45 %
+8KkFti6mZCo-00007-00009245-00010528 The probability of that the person in his
+8KkFti6mZCo-00008-00010528-00011334 lifetime of 80 years experiences the extreme event once or more is:
+8KkFti6mZCo-00009-00011334-00013052 p = 1 - (1 - 1/T) ^ 80 = 55%
+8MFBpdSFpJc-00000-00003946-00004664 If you want to buy notes (sheet music) and tablature (tabs), as well as video lesson, let me know by e-mail: guEtarist@ya.ru  (All the information is in the video description) 
+8MFBpdSFpJc-00001-00014091-00015097 Hello dear subscribers and viewers of my channel! We continue our lessons on the guitar! And today we have a wonderful composition of the game "The Last of as"
+8MFBpdSFpJc-00002-00015291-00015819 I picked out this tune and wrote down notes (sheet music) and tabulature (tabs)
+8MFBpdSFpJc-00003-00015854-00016704 There is also a video lesson
+8MFBpdSFpJc-00004-00016796-00019042 If you want to buy notes (sheet music) and tablature (tabs), as well as video lesson, let me know by e-mail: guEtarist@ya.ru  (All the information is in the video description) 
+8MFBpdSFpJc-00005-00019108-00020388 In the description of the video there is also a link to the Supercourse play guitar for beginners!
+8MFBpdSFpJc-00006-00020498-00021438 Waiting for your letters! Thank you for watching! Do not forget to subscribe! Like me!
+8MFBpdSFpJc-00007-00021466-00021998 Come to our Public https://vk.com/guitarras here you will find most of the notes and tablature for our lessons!
+8MFBpdSFpJc-00008-00022060-00023244 Special thanks to those who donate to the development of our channel! Requisites in the description of the video.
+8MFBpdSFpJc-00009-00023328-00024234 Call watch our videos your friends! Thanks you! Good luck in training! Bye!
+8SfVk4J85EA-00000-00001599-00002271 HELLO, GARDENERS, AND WELCOME TO MID-AMERICAN GARDENER WHERE WE TALK PLANTS ALL THE TIME,
+8SfVk4J85EA-00001-00002271-00002423 EVERY ONE OF US, ALL THE TIME!
+8SfVk4J85EA-00002-00002423-00002824 IF YOU HAVE A QUESTION, WE MAY JUST GET TO YOU ON SOME OF THE PHONE LINES.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00003-00002824-00003200 I AM DIANNE NOLAND, AND I TEACH HORTICULTURE AT THE UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS IN THE CROP
+8SfVk4J85EA-00004-00003200-00003300 SCIENCES DEPARTMENT.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00005-00003300-00003590 I WILL HANDLE PERENNIALS AND CUT FLOWER QUESTIONS.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00006-00003590-00004373 BUT I HAVE THREE HIGHLY, HIGHLY INTELLIGENT PERSONABLE PANELISTS WITH ME.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00007-00004373-00004918 SO YOU MIGHT PAY ATTENTION TO WHAT THEIR EXPERTISE IS, AND THEY WILL ANSWER QUESTIONS AS WELL.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00008-00004918-00005508 LET'S START, FIRST, WITH OUR GENTLEMAN ON FAR END, AND THIS IS DAVE PLOUSSARD.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00009-00005508-00006115 >>HI, I AM THE GARDEN CENTER MANAGER AT HOERR NURSERY IN PEORIA.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00010-00006115-00006401 MY SPECIALTY IS TREES AND SHRUBS.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00011-00006401-00006940 ONE OF THINGS I BROUGHT WITH ME TODAY IS THIS TRI-COLOR BEECH SAMPLE.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00012-00006940-00007325 ODDLY ENOUGH, THE TRI-COLOR IS ON THE RIGHT SIDE.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00013-00007325-00007818 ON LEFT SIDE, WE HAVE PLAIN LEAVES, THEY WERE PURPLE WHEN THEY FIRST CAME OUT.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00014-00007818-00008244 PEOPLE WILL CALL AND ASK HOW CAN I HAVE TWO DIFFERENT THINGS COMING OUT OF MY TREE?
+8SfVk4J85EA-00015-00008244-00009165 WHAT IS ACTUALLY HAPPENING HERE IS THAT THE TRI-COLOR BEECH IS DEVELOPED, SOMEWHERE SOMEONE
+8SfVk4J85EA-00016-00009165-00009844 SAW THIS ON A BEECH TREE, AND THEY DECIDED THEY WOULD TAKE CUTTINGS FROM IT, TAKE LITTLE
+8SfVk4J85EA-00017-00009844-00010645 BUDS BE AND THEY WOULD START IT, PROPAGATE IT, AND SELL IT AS A CLONE AS TRI-COLORED
+8SfVk4J85EA-00018-00010645-00010867 BEECH.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00019-00010867-00011674 THAT'S HOW IT GOT ITS MUTATION.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00020-00011674-00011797 THIS WAS A TRI-COLOR BEECH.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00021-00011797-00012360 IT IS IN MY FRONT YARD, AND I NOTICED THE PURPLE LEAVES COMING OUT AND REALIZED THIS
+8SfVk4J85EA-00022-00012360-00012718 TREE IS REVERTING BACK TO WHAT IT ORIGINALLY WAS.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00023-00012718-00013263 VERY OFTEN WHEN A TREE REVERTS LIKE THIS, THE REVERSION PART LIKE THE PURPLE WILL BE
+8SfVk4J85EA-00024-00013263-00013441 MUCH MORE VIGOROUS THAN THE ORIGINAL.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00025-00013441-00014072 IT IS VERY IMPORTANT YOU CUT SOMETHING LIKE THIS OUT OR IT WILL CONTINUE TO GROW AND POSSIBLY
+8SfVk4J85EA-00026-00014072-00014172 TAKE OVER.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00027-00014172-00014672 WE WILL SEE IT IN THINGS LIKE DWARF ALBERTA SPRUCE, OTHER VARIEGATED PLANTS.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00028-00014672-00015144 IT IS REALLY NOT UNCOMMON, AND IT DOES HAPPEN, AND IT IS A QUESTION WE GET VERY OFTEN.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00029-00015144-00015963 >>VARIEGATED SEEDUMS, THE GREEN PART IS MUCH BIGGER.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00030-00015963-00016316 I DON'T THINK IT IS HIGHLY DESIRABLE TO HAVE FOUR COLORS.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00031-00016316-00016614 >>I WISH I DIDN'T HAVE IT, BUT I DO.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00032-00016614-00016755 >>IS THAT MOST OF IT?
+8SfVk4J85EA-00033-00016755-00016865 DID YOU TAKE CARE OF IT?
+8SfVk4J85EA-00034-00016865-00017300 >> ACTUALLY THERE WAS ONE LARGE BRANCH LAST YEAR I CUT IT OUT.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00035-00017300-00017473 THIS YEAR THERE IS SOME MORE.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00036-00017473-00018020 AND INSPECTING IT FOR THE SHOW, TO BRING A SAMPLE IN, I FOUND OUT QUITE A BIT VARIOUS
+8SfVk4J85EA-00037-00018020-00018151 PLACES THROUGHOUT.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00038-00018151-00018495 I HAD TWO, BUT ONLY OCCURRING ON ONE TREE.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00039-00018495-00018634 NOT SURE WHY IT IS HAPPENING.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00040-00018634-00018917 YOU HAVE TO BE PROACTIVE TO GET IT OUT OF THERE QUICKLY.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00041-00018917-00019017 >>UH-HUH.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00042-00019017-00019158 THAT'S INTERESTING, THANKS, DAVE.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00043-00019158-00019623 WE WILL GO ON TO KAREN RUGGLES.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00044-00019623-00019873 AS DIANNE SAID I AM KAREN.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00045-00019873-00020073 I WORK AT HOERR NURSERY.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00046-00020073-00020450 I'D SAY I SPECIALIZE IN EVERYTHING ELSE BUT ELLA AND DAVE.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00047-00020450-00020755 I GET LEFTOVERS.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00048-00020755-00021372 TONIGHT WHAT I WILL TALK ABOUT IS BUYER BEWARE.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00049-00021372-00022044 WHAT I SAW IN THE LATE SUMMER THIS YEAR IS MASS MERCHANDISERS NOT CLEARLY LABELING PLANTS
+8SfVk4J85EA-00050-00022044-00022275 FOR ALL OF US TO UNDERSTAND ABOUT THEM.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00051-00022275-00023087 THIS PLANT ON THIS SIDE IS A NECTAR SERIES OF AGASTACHE HYSSOP.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00052-00023087-00023396 THIS IS ON THE LEFT IS WENDY'S WISH SALVIA.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00053-00023396-00024213 BOTH OF THESE PLANTS, I WAS AT PLACES THAT SOLD THEM AND HAD TAGS SAYING THEY WERE PERENNIALS.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00054-00024213-00024768 IT IS VERY DISCONCERTING TO SEE THAT BECAUSE THESE ARE ZONE SEVEN.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00055-00024768-00025544 WHERE WE LIVE IN CENTRAL ILLINOIS, IN THE PEORIA AREA, WE ARE ZONE FIVEISH, THESE WILL
+8SfVk4J85EA-00056-00025544-00025700 NOT OVERWINTER.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00057-00025700-00025878 SO THEY ARE AN ANNUAL.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00058-00025878-00026370 BUT WHERE I FOUND THESE SOLD SHOWED THEM AS A PERENNIAL.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00059-00026370-00026777 I WANT TO TALK ABOUT THE BUYERS BEWARE.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00060-00026777-00027594 ONE ANNUAL I SAW IN ONE PLACE SAID IT WAS HARDY TO MINUS 20 DEGREES -- NOT MINUS 20,
+8SfVk4J85EA-00061-00027594-00027857 I AM SORRY, HARDY TO 20 DEGREES.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00062-00027857-00028077 >>OH, 20 DEGREES.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00063-00028077-00028444 >>MINUS 20 IN ZONE FIVE.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00064-00028444-00028744 AND THIS OTHER ONE WAS JUST SAYING IT WAS A PERENNIAL.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00065-00028744-00029151 >> WELL, IT IS A PERENNIAL POSSIBLY IN GEORGIA.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00066-00029151-00029365 >>WHEN I LIVED IN NORTH CAROLINA.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00067-00029365-00029483 >>NORTH CAROLINA.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00068-00029483-00029583 UH-HUH.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00069-00029583-00029683 >>FURTHER SOUTH.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00070-00029683-00030122 >>IT WOULD BE BETTER TO SELL AS AN ANNUAL, AND HAVE THE OCCASIONAL ANNUAL THAT WOULD
+8SfVk4J85EA-00071-00030122-00030743 OVERWINTER IN A MILD YEAR, RATHER THAN TO THINK YOU HAVE A ROW OF PERENNIALS AND IT
+8SfVk4J85EA-00072-00030743-00030879 IS DEAD.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00073-00030879-00030979 >>RIGHT.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00074-00030979-00031227 WATCH THE LABELS AND DOUBLE CHECKING THEM.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00075-00031227-00031327 BEING AWARE.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00076-00031327-00031641 THANK YOU, KAREN, YOU DID WELL IN MY PERENNIALS CLASS!
+8SfVk4J85EA-00077-00031641-00031782 I CAN JUST TELL!
+8SfVk4J85EA-00078-00031782-00032196 (LAUGHING) YES, KAREN WAS A FORMER STUDENT OF MINE.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00079-00032196-00032405 SPEAKING OF FORMER STUDENTS, HI, ELLA.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00080-00032405-00032997 THE PERSON NEXT TO ME IS ELLA MAXWELL, AND I THINK YOU WERE IN MY FIRST YEAR OF TEACHING.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00081-00032997-00033125 I WAS.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00082-00033125-00033527 I AM ELLA MAXWELL, AND I ALSO WORK AT HOERR NURSERY.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00083-00033527-00034152 FOR MY SHOW AND SHARE, I BROUGHT A POT-BOUND MAPLE TREE.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00084-00034152-00034954 YOU CAN SEE HERE THIS TREE WAS PROBABLY STARTED AS A YOUNG GRAFTED TREE IN A FIVE GALLON POT.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00085-00034954-00035712 AS IT STARTED TO GROW OUT, WE CAN SEE THAT THE ROOTS HIT THE EDGE OF THE POT AND WERE
+8SfVk4J85EA-00086-00035712-00035900 DEFLECTED BACK.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00087-00035900-00036441 WHAT THAT CAN DO FOR MAPLE TREES WITH THIS AGGRESSIVE FIBROUS ROOT SYSTEM, IS YOU CAN
+8SfVk4J85EA-00088-00036441-00036849 GET THESE ROOTS TO BECOME STEM GIRDLING ROOTS.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00089-00036849-00037158 >> HOLD IT TOWARDS THE CAMERA.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00090-00037158-00037441 THAT DUDE IS REALLY TRYING TO -- >>GOOD.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00091-00037441-00037869 WELL, IT IS DRY NOW, BUT COULD COME AROUND.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00092-00037869-00038486 IT IS IMPORTANT THAT WHEN YOU TAKE PLANTS OUT OF THE POT, THAT YOU LOOSEN THOSE ROOTS.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00093-00038486-00038761 IF THEY ARE CIRCLING, YOU MIGHT HAVE TO REMOVE SOME.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00094-00038761-00039580 IT IS MUCH BETTER TO REMOVE THEM AND GET NEW ROOTS THAN TO HAVE SOMETHING BECOME DAMAGING
+8SfVk4J85EA-00095-00039580-00039716 AS THE TREE GETS OLDER.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00096-00039716-00040152 >>THERE ARE SO MANY OF THEM, AND THEY ARE JUST, LIKE YOU SAID, CIRCLING BACK.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00097-00040152-00040341 CURLED AROUND EVERY WHERE.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00098-00040341-00040737 SO THIS IS A PROBLEM WHEN THE TREE IS IN THE POT TOO LONG.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00099-00040737-00040903 >>BOY, THAT REALLY SHOWS IT.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00100-00040903-00041037 YOU CAN SEE WHAT HAPPENED TO IT.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00101-00041037-00041137 >>THAT'S RIGHT.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00102-00041137-00041237 >>IT IS NOT WELL.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00103-00041237-00041366 >>IT IS NOT HAPPY.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00104-00041366-00041466 NOT HAPPY.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00105-00041466-00041622 THANK YOU ALL.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00106-00041622-00042227 NOW WE WILL GO TO OUR VIDEO MAIL AND SEE WHAT A VIEWER HAS FOR US.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00107-00042227-00042669 THIS IS AN AUGUR FROM MID-AMERICAN GUARDER.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00108-00042669-00043585 PUT IT IN LIKE THIS, AND SLOWLY GO IN THE GROUND, AND YOU GET A BEAUTIFUL HOLE THAT
+8SfVk4J85EA-00109-00043585-00043753 YOU CAN PUT ANOTHER PLANT IN.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00110-00043753-00044122 TAKE A LOOK RIGHT HERE.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00111-00044122-00044222 ANOTHER HOLE.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00112-00044222-00044322 EXCELLENT.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00113-00044322-00044828 >>OH, A PLANT AUGUR.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00114-00044828-00045143 I SHOW THAT IN CLASS.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00115-00045143-00045255 WHAT DO YOU PLANT WITH IT?
+8SfVk4J85EA-00116-00045255-00045368 HAVE YOU HAD EXPERIENCE?
+8SfVk4J85EA-00117-00045368-00045684 I THINK WE ALL HAVE HAD EXPERIENCE USING THEM.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00118-00045684-00045949 >>I PLANTED BULBS WITH AN AUGUR.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00119-00045949-00046333 IT IS A FAST WAY TO DO IT.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00120-00046333-00046888 IF THE GROUND IS MOIST, IF THERE AREN'T A LOT OF ROOTS, IT IS EASY.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00121-00046888-00047488 IF IT IS DRY AND LOTS OF ROOTS, IT DOESN'T WORK VERY WELL.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00122-00047488-00047903 >> I PLANTED GROUND COVER WITH IT, AND IT DOES WORK VERY FAST, AS YOU SAID, IF IT IS
+8SfVk4J85EA-00123-00047903-00048266 ROCKY SOIL, MAKES IT A LITTLE BIT MORE CHALLENGING.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00124-00048266-00048880 I ALSO USED IT WHEN I AM EITHER FERTILIZING A TREE OR PARTICULARLY WANTING TO DO SOMETHING
+8SfVk4J85EA-00125-00048880-00049663 LIKE ADD SULFUR INTO A SOIL WHERE YOU REALLY CAN'T CHURN THE SOIL SO YOU USE AN AUGUR AND
+8SfVk4J85EA-00126-00049663-00050271 YOU CAN INCORPORATE THAT INTO THE SOIL USING AN AUGUR WHICH WORKS REAL EASILY THAT WAY.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00127-00050271-00050697 >>IT IS NICE IN THE FALL AND FOR PLANTS.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00128-00050697-00050888 KIND OF AN INTERESTING THING.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00129-00050888-00051083 THANK YOU, VIEWER, THAT WAS VERY GOOD.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00130-00051083-00051646 WE HAVE AN ADDRESS IN CASE YOU WANT TO SEND US SOMETHING YOU WANT US TO I-D OR SHOW A
+8SfVk4J85EA-00131-00051646-00052041 PROBLEM OR SHOW A COMMENT, SOMETHING YOU USE IN THE GARDEN.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00132-00052041-00052436 TO SEND IT TO YOURGARDEN@GMAIL.COM.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00133-00052436-00052929 >>WE HAVE TOMATO QUESTIONS COMING UP.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00134-00052929-00053216 LET'S START WITH LINE TWO ABOUT TOMATOES.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00135-00053216-00053347 >>CALLER: HELLO.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00136-00053347-00053601 >>WHAT IS YOUR QUESTION?
+8SfVk4J85EA-00137-00053601-00053719 >>CALLER: HELLO.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00138-00053719-00053838 >>GO AHEAD.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00139-00053838-00054566 >>CALLER: MY QUESTION REGARDING TOMATOES, I AM HAVING A PROBLEM WITH THEM.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00140-00054566-00054826 I PLANTED 21, 22 PLANTS.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00141-00054826-00055558 TWO OR THREE OF THEM HAVE GOT TOMATOES AND ALL OF A SUDDEN THEY ARE KIND OF WILTING DOWN
+8SfVk4J85EA-00142-00055558-00055687 AND DYING DOWN.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00143-00055687-00056044 I THINK THERE MIGHT BE THREE SITUATIONS HERE.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00144-00056044-00056413 I HAVE QUITE A BIT OF SHADE IN MY YARD.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00145-00056413-00057077 SECONDLY, I HAVE BEEN WATERING THEM QUITE A BIT, AND I DON'T KNOW -- I HAVE BEEN PUTTING
+8SfVk4J85EA-00146-00057077-00057567 HALF A GALLON OR GALLON OF WATER ON THEM EVERY OTHER DAY EVER SINCE I PLANTED THEM.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00147-00057567-00058052 I DON'T KNOW IF IT WAS SOMETHING LIKE THAT OR IF IT WAS THE SOIL.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00148-00058052-00058310 >>WHAT ARE THE PLANT SYMPTOMS?
+8SfVk4J85EA-00149-00058310-00058894 ARE THE LEAVES BROWNING OR SPOTTING OR IS THE FRUIT GETTING BROWNING?
+8SfVk4J85EA-00150-00058894-00059017 WHAT ARE THE SYMPTOMS?
+8SfVk4J85EA-00151-00059017-00059700 >>CALLER: SOME OF THE FRUIT HAS GOTTEN RIPE, BUT PLANTS THAT ARE DYING, THEY ARE JUST WILTING.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00152-00059700-00060419 THEY ARE GREEN, BUT JUST WILTING LIKE THEY ARE GOING TO DRY UP WHICH I SUPPOSE THEY WILL.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00153-00060419-00061119 THE OTHER PLANTS, ALL OF THEM SEEM TO BE SO SPINDLY, AND NOT A LOT OF FOLIAGE ON THEM.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00154-00061119-00061483 THEY HAVE GOTTEN SOME TOMATOES ON THEM.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00155-00061483-00062105 >> WELL, LET'S -- WE WILL ANSWER YOUR QUESTION, AND PROBABLY CAN ALL PUT TWO CENTS IN.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00156-00062105-00062945 >>MY FIRST TWO CENTS IS THAT THE PLANTS ARE SPINDLY BECAUSE TOMATOES NEED FULL SUN FOR
+8SfVk4J85EA-00157-00062945-00063367 LUSH GROWTH AND GOOD YIELD.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00158-00063367-00063661 SO YOU MIGHT WANT TO RELOCATE YOUR GARDEN.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00159-00063661-00063812 SO THAT WOULD BE NUMBER ONE.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00160-00063812-00064167 THAT COULD BE AN ATTRIBUTE THAT TO IT.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00161-00064167-00064753 MY NEXT CENTS WORTH IS TOMATO PLANTS HAVE A VERY VIGOROUS GOOD ROOT SYSTEM.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00162-00064753-00065182 I AM A LITTLE LEERY THAT YOU SAY YOU ARE WATERING THEM SO MUCH.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00163-00065182-00065876 TOMATO PLANTS DOING DEEP THOROUGH, DEEP WATERING LIKE YOU WOULD A SMALL TREE OR BUSH WOULD
+8SfVk4J85EA-00164-00065876-00066347 BE BETTER OFF FOR THOSE PLANTS, AND TRY NOT TO GET THE FOLIAGE WET.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00165-00066347-00066854 IF YOU HAVE TO USE A SPRINKLER, DO IT IN EARLY MORNING SO THEY DRY BY NIGHTFALL.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00166-00066854-00067373 BUT I WOULD SAY WATERING THEM, IF YOU HAVE BEEN SEEING A LACK OF RAIN, MAYBE ONCE A WEEK,
+8SfVk4J85EA-00167-00067373-00067794 A GOOD SOAKING, AND THEN LETTING IT GO.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00168-00067794-00068538 >>I THINK THEY PRETTY WELL HIT IT ON THE HEAD BECAUSE TOMATOES DON'T REQUIRE A LOT OF WATER
+8SfVk4J85EA-00169-00068538-00068791 COMPARED TO PROBABLY SOME OTHER PLANTS.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00170-00068791-00069323 BUT ONE OTHER THING ONE OF THE PROBLEMS THEY COULD HAVE IS A FUSARIUM WILT DISEASE.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00171-00069323-00069497 THAT MIGHT BE ONE.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00172-00069497-00069733 THAT COULD BE A POSSIBILITY.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00173-00069733-00070250 YOU CAN BUY YOUR TOMATO PLANTS THAT HAVE BEEN DEVELOPED BECAUSE THEY ARE RESISTANT TO SOME
+8SfVk4J85EA-00174-00070250-00070583 OF THOSE DISEASES, AND THAT COULD BE A POSSIBILITY.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00175-00070583-00071105 BUT MOST LIKELY, IT IS PROBABLY DUE TO THE AMOUNT OF SUNLIGHT AS WELL AS THE WATERING
+8SfVk4J85EA-00176-00071105-00071276 THAT YOU ARE DOING.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00177-00071276-00071867 >>THE FOURTH TWO CENTS WHICH MAKES EIGHT CENTS NOW (LAUGHING) I WOULD SAY MAKE SURE YOU HAVE
+8SfVk4J85EA-00178-00071867-00072325 ROTATED THOSE TO A DIFFERENT SPOT EVERY SINGLE YEAR.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00179-00072325-00072598 DON'T PLANT TOMATOES IN THE SAME SPOT.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00180-00072598-00073052 THAT COULD MAKE THEM ALSO NOT THRIVE AND COULD CAUSE THE FUSARIUM ISSUES.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00181-00073052-00073377 VERY GOOD.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00182-00073377-00073613 WE DON'T ENJOY THAT YOUR'S AREN'T DOING WELL.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00183-00073613-00073839 WE WANT YOUR'S TO BE DOING WELL.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00184-00073839-00073939 THANKS SO MUCH.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00185-00073939-00074379 WE WILL GO TO ANOTHER TOMATO QUESTION THIS TIME ON LINE THREE.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00186-00074379-00074595 HI THERE.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00187-00074595-00074807 LINE THREE, WHAT IS YOUR REQUEST HE?
+8SfVk4J85EA-00188-00074807-00074907 >>CALLER: YES.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00189-00074907-00075106 >>WHAT IS YOUR QUESTION?
+8SfVk4J85EA-00190-00075106-00075626 >>CALLER: YES, TOMATO PLANTS ARE NOT DOING AT ALL WELL.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00191-00075626-00075833 I PLANTED THEM EARLY.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00192-00075833-00076094 I HAVE 14 DIFFERENT VARIETIES.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00193-00076094-00076194 >>WOW.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00194-00076194-00076382 >>CALLER: THEY HAVE SET ON EARLY.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00195-00076382-00076611 THEY DID WELL, AND I GOT A FEW RIPE ONES.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00196-00076611-00077156 NOW STANDSTILL, AND ALL KINDS OF GREEN ONES, AND NONE OF THEM ARE RIPENING.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00197-00077156-00077498 YOU WILL JUST HAVE TO BE PATIENT.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00198-00077498-00077625 THIS IS WEATHER RELATED.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00199-00077625-00078194 WE HAVE HAD SOME VERY COOL NIGHT TEMPERATURES, 53 UP IN OUR AREA.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00200-00078194-00078325 >>49 IN SOME PLACES.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00201-00078325-00078900 >>SO AS SOON AS THE NIGHT TEMPERATURES START TO COME BACK UP, YOU WILL BE GETTING MORE
+8SfVk4J85EA-00202-00078900-00079220 TOMATOES THAN -- THEY WILL BE RIPENING QUICKLY.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00203-00079220-00079863 I HAVE HAD SEVERAL PEOPLE COMMENT THEY HAVE LOTS OF TOMATOES SET, AND THEY ARE STILL GREEN.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00204-00079863-00080445 BUT IF YOU WANT TO HAVE BEAUTIFUL WEATHER IN THE SUMMER, SOMETIMES TOMATOES DON'T LIKE
+8SfVk4J85EA-00205-00080445-00080637 THE BEAUTIFUL COOLER WEATHER.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00206-00080637-00080945 THEY LIKE HOT AND DRY LIKE LAST YEAR I. THEY LIKE HOT.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00207-00080945-00081125 THEY DON'T LIKE THE DRY.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00208-00081125-00081225 PATIENCE.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00209-00081225-00081355 DID YOU SAY PATIENCE?
+8SfVk4J85EA-00210-00081355-00081455 >> YES, PATIENCE!
+8SfVk4J85EA-00211-00081455-00081555 (LAUGHING).
+8SfVk4J85EA-00212-00081555-00081655 >>RIGHT NOW.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00213-00081655-00081755 WE WANT IT RIGHT NOW.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00214-00081755-00081988 THAT JUST WAIT, AND THEN THEY WILL COME ON.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00215-00081988-00082213 I THINK WE DO GET SOME WARMTH.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00216-00082213-00082313 THANK YOU FOR YOUR QUESTION.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00217-00082313-00082413 IT IS NOTHING YOU HAVE DONE.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00218-00082413-00082600 YOU JUST HAVE TO WAIT.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00219-00082600-00083139 LET'S GO TO LINE FOUR, AND THIS IS ABOUT MOLES.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00220-00083139-00083241 LINE FOUR.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00221-00083241-00083381 >>CALLER: GOOD EVENING.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00222-00083381-00083481 >>HI.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00223-00083481-00083797 >>CALLER: FIRST OF ALL, WE APPRECIATE YOUR PROGRAM VERY MUCH.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00224-00083797-00083912 IT IS VERY INFORMATIVE.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00225-00083912-00084012 >>THANK YOU.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00226-00084012-00084764 >>CALLER: MY MOLE PROBLEM IS THE PROVERBIAL THING, BUT THEY LOOK DIFFERENT THIS TIME.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00227-00084764-00085000 THEY ARE NOT MAKING RUNS THROUGH THE YARD.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00228-00085000-00085185 THEY ARE MAKING PILES OF DIRT.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00229-00085185-00085807 MY FIRST QUESTION IS WHY ARE THEY DOING THAT?
+8SfVk4J85EA-00230-00085807-00086398 AND THE FOLLOW UP PART OF IT IS MY SISTER-IN-LAW CLAIMS MOTH BALLS ARE WONDERFUL.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00231-00086398-00087062 FROM LISTENING TO THE PROGRAM IN THE PAST, DISMISSED THAT IS A POSSIBILITY.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00232-00087062-00087748 I DID USE THEM, AND ONE OF THE MOLES KICKED THE MOTH BALLS OUT AND WENT RIGHT BACK IN
+8SfVk4J85EA-00233-00087748-00087848 THE HOLE.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00234-00087848-00087948 >>(LAUGHING).
+8SfVk4J85EA-00235-00087948-00088048 >>INTERESTING.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00236-00088048-00088774 WHAT ARE YOU GUYS' REMEDIES FOR MOLES?
+8SfVk4J85EA-00237-00088774-00089212 >> I THINK MAYBE FROM WHAT I UNDERSTAND WITH THE LIFE CYCLE OF MOLES, WHY YOU MIGHT SEE
+8SfVk4J85EA-00238-00089212-00089820 MORE MOUNDING OF SOIL THEY MIGHT BE BUILDING A DEN FOR RAISING YOUNG OF THEY TYPICALLY
+8SfVk4J85EA-00239-00089820-00090372 GO DOWN DEEPER AND WILL HAVE TWO WAYS DOWN INTO IT.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00240-00090372-00090945 THAT MIGHT BE WHY A FAMILY HAS STARTED IN YOUR AREA.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00241-00090945-00091539 I THINK A LOT OF PEOPLE HAVE FOUND, UNFORTUNATELY, DRASTIC MEASURES IS THE BEST MEASURE OF EITHER
+8SfVk4J85EA-00242-00091539-00092343 USING THE TRAPS AND KILLING THEM OR NOW A LOT OF PEOPLE ARE FINDING EFFECTIVENESS WITH
+8SfVk4J85EA-00243-00092343-00092645 THESE POISON WORMS.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00244-00092645-00093076 I HAVE HEARD A LOT OF PEOPLE HAVE GOOD REPORTS WITH THAT, BUT THE PROBLEM IS WHEN YOU ARE
+8SfVk4J85EA-00245-00093076-00093712 IN A HIGH DENSITY, SEEMS LIKE YOU DO MAYBE KILL OFF SOME, AND THERE IS MORE RIGHT BEHIND
+8SfVk4J85EA-00246-00093712-00093812 THEM.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00247-00093812-00094189 SO I THINK IT IS A LITTLE SCARY WITH WHAT NUMBERS YOU MIGHT BE DEALING WITH.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00248-00094189-00094674 >>THAT MAKES SENSE ABOUT THE PILES BECAUSE I HAVE SEEN THAT A LOT BECAUSE THE SOIL IS
+8SfVk4J85EA-00249-00094674-00094970 MOISTER THIS YEAR THAN LAST YEAR.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00250-00094970-00095122 SO THEY ARE ABLE TO DIG.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00251-00095122-00095225 WOW.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00252-00095225-00095881 WELL, THE DENSITY PART WAS NOT ENCOURAGING, BUT IT IS FACTS, ISN'T IT?
+8SfVk4J85EA-00253-00095881-00095981 WOW.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00254-00095981-00097202 WELL, DON'T GO AWAY BECAUSE WE WANT TO SHOW YOU A SPECIAL "DID YOU KNOW."
+8SfVk4J85EA-00255-00097202-00098175 STAY TUNED.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00256-00098175-00099164 I REMEMBER THOSE REPORTS ABOUT ASSASSIN BUGS FROM OUR ENTOMOLOGIST AND ALSO THE BITING
+8SfVk4J85EA-00257-00099164-00099264 PART.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00258-00099264-00099411 SO STAY AWAY!
+8SfVk4J85EA-00259-00099411-00099688 LET'S GO BACK THROUGH AND DO SOME VIEWER E-MAIL.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00260-00099688-00099881 DO YOU WANT TO START US OFF, DAVE?
+8SfVk4J85EA-00261-00099881-00099985 >> I SURE WILL.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00262-00099985-00100443 I ACTUALLY HAVE THREE E-MAILS, BUT THEY ALL DEAL WITH THE SAME THING.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00263-00100443-00101138 THERE IS PEOPLE HAVE CALLED IN OR SENT E-MAILS IN, I AM SORRY, WITH FUNGUS PROBLEMS GROWING
+8SfVk4J85EA-00264-00101138-00101311 ON THEIR TREES.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00265-00101311-00101598 THIS PARTICULAR ONE THAT YOU ARE SEEING IS GROWING ON A SUGAR MAPLE.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00266-00101598-00102004 THEY ARE WONDERING WHAT IS GROWING OUT OF THE TREE AND WHAT SHOULD I DO.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00267-00102004-00102514 THE OTHER ONE IS ON AN ASH TREE, AND THIRD ONE IS ON THE HACKBERRY.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00268-00102514-00103124 THE HACKBERRY PERSON ACTUALLY INDICATED IS IT A FUNGUS, AND, YES, IT IS A FUNGUS THAT
+8SfVk4J85EA-00269-00103124-00103277 IS OCCURRING.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00270-00103277-00103999 UNFORTUNATELY, WHEN YOU START SEEING FUNGUS OR A MUSHROOM BODY COMING OUT OF THE TREE,
+8SfVk4J85EA-00271-00103999-00104269 THAT IS NOT A GOOD SIGN WHATSOEVER.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00272-00104269-00104876 THE FUNGUS IS IN THE TREE, AND THERE IS NO WAY TO CURE IT AND GET IT OUT OF THE TREE.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00273-00104876-00105494 SO IT ACTUALLY IS GOING TO BE A CASE WHERE THE TREE IS GOING TO BE TERMINAL AT SOME POINT.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00274-00105494-00106047 DOESN'T MEAN THAT THE TREE WILL DIE IMMEDIATELY, BUT THERE REALLY IS NO CONTROL FOR IT.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00275-00106047-00106538 AND YOU ARE JUST GOING TO HAVE TO, WHILE THE TREE IS STILL ALIVE, CONTINUE TO WATER IT.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00276-00106538-00106783 TRY TO KEEP IT AS HEALTHY AS POSSIBLE.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00277-00106783-00107331 MIGHT BE A CASE WHERE THE TREE WOULD BE ABLE TO WALL IT OFF ITSELF, BUT PROBABLY UNLIKELY.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00278-00107331-00107957 IN THE CASE OF FUNGUS GROWING WITH MUSHROOMS ON OUTSIDE OF THE BARK, THAT USUALLY IS A
+8SfVk4J85EA-00279-00107957-00108216 TERMINAL CASE.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00280-00108216-00108454 >> ALL DIFFERENT KINDS OF TREES FROM THE SOUNDS OF IT.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00281-00108454-00108554 >>THERE ARE, YES.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00282-00108554-00108725 IT HAPPENS ON A LOT.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00283-00108725-00108856 >>THANK YOU.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00284-00108856-00108985 NOW, KAREN.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00285-00108985-00109460 >>MY QUESTION IS FROM A PERSON ASKING ABOUT NIMBLEWILL.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00286-00109460-00110132 HOW CAN I RID MY YARD OF NIMBLEWILL.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00287-00110132-00110358 >>IT IS A TOUGH THING.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00288-00110358-00110844 IT KIND OF LOOKS GRASSY, AND YOU GET CLOSER AND IT HAS LOTS OF LITTLE STEMS AND LEAVES
+8SfVk4J85EA-00289-00110844-00110965 ON IT.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00290-00110965-00111434 UNFORTUNATELY, THERE IS NOT AN EASY CONTROL FOR THIS WEED.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00291-00111434-00112097 IN YOUR LAWN, WHEN IT IS ACTIVELY GROWING OR GREEN, YOU ARE ONLY LEFT WITH USING LIKE
+8SfVk4J85EA-00292-00112097-00112711 A ROUND-UP PRODUCT WHERE YOU WOULD COMPLETELY KILL OFF THE VEGETATION, AND YOU WILL HAVE
+8SfVk4J85EA-00293-00112711-00113253 TO, ONCE THAT IS COMPLETELY DEAD, RESEED OR SOD IN THAT AREA UNFORTUNATELY OR YOU CAN
+8SfVk4J85EA-00294-00113253-00113451 CONTACT A LAWN SERVICE TO SEE IF THEY CAN HELP YOU.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00295-00113451-00113888 BUT THERE IS NOT AN EASY SOLUTION UNFORTUNATELY WITH THIS.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00296-00113888-00114275 IT CAN TAKE OFF PRETTY GOOD IN A LAWN.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00297-00114275-00114513 >>IT IS NIMBLE.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00298-00114513-00114867 >>AND IT GROWS BY ITS OWN WILL!
+8SfVk4J85EA-00299-00114867-00114967 (LAUGHING).
+8SfVk4J85EA-00300-00114967-00115273 >>THANK YOU, KAREN, FOR SETTING US UP!
+8SfVk4J85EA-00301-00115273-00115634 MOVING ON TO YOU, QUICKLY, ELLA.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00302-00115634-00116163 >>YES, MY CALL IN QUESTION HERE ON HOLLYHOCK RUST.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00303-00116163-00116599 THE RUST IS ORANGE PUSTULES YOU WILL SEE ON THE UNDER SIDE OF THE LEAVES.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00304-00116599-00117138 THE LEAVES BECOME SPOTTED, AND THEY CAN BEGIN TO TURN YELLOW AND FALL.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00305-00117138-00117682 BUT THE VIEWER IS HAVING PROBLEMS WITH THE RUST AND THEY WANT TO KNOW WHAT THEY CAN DO.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00306-00117682-00118309 IF YOU JUST HAVE A FEW, MIGHT BE BEST TO SACRIFICE THE ONE PLANT FOR THE OTHER GOOD ONES THAT
+8SfVk4J85EA-00307-00118309-00118909 HAVEN'T BEEN TREATED AND THEN ALSO THERE ARE SOME FUNGICIDE PRODUCTS OUT THERE THAT YOU
+8SfVk4J85EA-00308-00118909-00119027 COULD SPRAY.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00309-00119027-00119642 BUT THE HOLLYHOCKS ARE BIENNIAL, EVEN WITH RUST, THEY WILL PROBABLY STILL BE BACK NEXT
+8SfVk4J85EA-00310-00119642-00119788 YEAR.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00311-00119788-00120276 >> SO FAR, I HAVE SOME WITHOUT A SINGLE SPOT ON LEAVES.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00312-00120276-00120459 >> MINE ARE SPOTLESS AS WELL.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00313-00120459-00120570 >>MINE ARE SPOTTY.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00314-00120570-00120670 MINE DIED!
+8SfVk4J85EA-00315-00120670-00120770 (LAUGHING).
+8SfVk4J85EA-00316-00120770-00120976 >>WELL, THAT WAS A LOVELY SURVEY!
+8SfVk4J85EA-00317-00120976-00121864 (LAUGHING) I AM SURE IT IS BECAUSE WE ARE GREAT GROWERS THAT OUR'S LOOK SO GOOD.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00318-00121864-00122227 WE WILL GO TO THE PHONE LINES AND LET'S GO TO LINE FIVE.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00319-00122227-00122340 IT IS A PEAR TREE.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00320-00122340-00122479 HI THERE, LINE FIVE.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00321-00122479-00122702 >>CALLER: THANK YOU FOR TAKING MY CALL.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00322-00122702-00122802 >>YOU ARE WELCOME.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00323-00122802-00123049 >>CALLER: I ENJOY YOUR PROGRAM VERY MUCH.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00324-00123049-00123149 >>THANKS.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00325-00123149-00123765 >>I HAVE PEAR TREE THAT HAS DIMPLES ON THE FRUIT, NOT ON ALL OF THEM, BUT JUST SOME OF
+8SfVk4J85EA-00326-00123765-00123865 THEM.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00327-00123865-00124289 I WAS WONDERING WHAT I CAN DO TO RID THIS PROBLEM.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00328-00124289-00124795 >>WELL, ONCE THE FRUIT HAS BEEN DAMAGED, THERE IS NOT TOO MUCH YOU CAN DO.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00329-00124795-00125784 THERE ARE SPRAYS OUT THERE THAT YOU CAN FOLLOW A TIMING OF THE PRODUCT TO HELP PREVENT ANY
+8SfVk4J85EA-00330-00125784-00126128 INSECT DAMAGE TO THE FRUIT ITSELF.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00331-00126128-00126319 >> IS THIS A PEAR FRUIT TREE?
+8SfVk4J85EA-00332-00126319-00126419 >> YES.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00333-00126419-00126802 >>IT DOESN'T NECESSARILY MEAN THE FRUIT IS RUINED.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00334-00126802-00127061 IT COULD VERY WELL BE MORE COSMETIC.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00335-00127061-00127469 YOU WILL WANT TO CHECK THE FRUIT BEFORE YOU DECIDE NOT TO EAT IT.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00336-00127469-00127589 IT MAYBE FINE.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00337-00127589-00128197 WE ARE SO OFTEN USED TO SEEING PERFECT FRUIT IN THE GROCERY STORE, BUT IN THE HOME GARDEN,
+8SfVk4J85EA-00338-00128197-00128658 THAT'S A VERY OFTEN IT IS NOT THE CASE, BUT DOESN'T MEAN THAT YOU WILL NOT BE ABLE TO
+8SfVk4J85EA-00339-00128658-00128849 EAT THE FRUIT AT ALL.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00340-00128849-00129601 >>THAT'S VERY ENCOURAGING BECAUSE THEN YOU USE LESS SPRAY IF YOU CAN TAKE SOME, YOU KNOW,
+8SfVk4J85EA-00341-00129601-00129950 LITTLE BIT OF FLECKING AND BLEMISH.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00342-00129950-00130880 LET'S GO ON TO THE NEXT ONE ABOUT A SUGAR TREE, A SUGAR MAPLE TREE ON LINE SIX.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00343-00130880-00131179 >>CALLER: THANK YOU VERY MUCH FOR TAKING OUR CALL.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00344-00131179-00131324 WE REALLY APPRECIATE YOUR SHOW.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00345-00131324-00131424 >>YOU ARE WELCOME.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00346-00131424-00131989 >>CALLER: WE HAVE A SUGAR MAPLE 25 YEARS OLD, PROBABLY 30 FEET TALL.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00347-00131989-00132296 IT HAS BEEN BEAUTIFUL UP UNTIL THE END OF LAST YEAR.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00348-00132296-00132584 IT STARTED LOSING SOME LEAVES.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00349-00132584-00133123 THIS YEAR WE HAVE VERY FEW LEAVES ON THE INNER PORTION OF THE TREE, NOT ON THE TIPS.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00350-00133123-00133476 THERE ARE SOME LEAVES, BUT IT LOOKS LIKE IT IS GOING DOWNHILL PRETTY FAST.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00351-00133476-00133628 ANY SUGGESTIONS?
+8SfVk4J85EA-00352-00133628-00134071 >> WELL, THAT CAN BE A NUMBER OF DIFFERENT THINGS.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00353-00134071-00134507 IT PROBABLY WOULD BE SOMETHING THAT YOU ARE GOING TO NEED TO HAVE A TREE SERVICE LOOK
+8SfVk4J85EA-00354-00134507-00135157 AT IF YOU CAN LOOK AT THE TREE AND DETERMINE IF THERE IS ENOUGH POTENTIAL FOR THE TREE
+8SfVk4J85EA-00355-00135157-00135257 TO RECOVER.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00356-00135257-00135774 IF IT HAS GOTTEN TO THE POINT WHERE YOU ALREADY LOST MOST OF THE LEAVES, THAT'S NOT ENCOURAGING.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00357-00135774-00136315 BUT IT WOULD BE DIFFICULT FROM OUR STANDPOINT OVER THE PHONE TO TRY AND DETERMINE WHAT THAT
+8SfVk4J85EA-00358-00136315-00136488 VERY CAUSE COULD BE.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00359-00136488-00137136 ALTHOUGH, ELLA'S EARLIER SHOW AND TELL WHERE SHE SHOWED GIRDLING ROOT, VERY OFTEN PROBLEMS
+8SfVk4J85EA-00360-00137136-00137808 OCCUR -- 90% OF THEM BELOW GROUND WHEN YOU CAN'T SEE WHAT IS GOING ON AT THE TOP.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00361-00137808-00138365 WE DON'T ALWAYS KNOW WHAT THAT PROBLEM IS AND VERY WELL COULD BE SOMETHING THAT IS ASSOCIATED
+8SfVk4J85EA-00362-00138365-00138522 WITH THE ROOTS.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00363-00138522-00138739 IT COULD BE OCCURRING IN THE TRUNK.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00364-00138739-00139334 IF THERE IS NOTHING YOU CAN SEE VISUALLY, IT MAY NOT BE SOMETHING THAT YOU, YOURSELF,
+8SfVk4J85EA-00365-00139334-00139610 ARE GOING TO BE ABLE TO CORRECT WITHOUT PROFESSIONAL HELP.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00366-00139610-00140109 >>OR UNTIL IT DOES FAIL COMPLETELY, AND YOU HAVE TO HAVE IT REMOVED AND YOU CAN FINALLY
+8SfVk4J85EA-00367-00140109-00140280 SEE THE WHOLE STORY UNFORTUNATELY.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00368-00140280-00140654 >>CALLER: THANKS FOR YOUR ADVICE.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00369-00140654-00140911 >>THERE IS YOUR ANSWER.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00370-00140911-00141160 BUT IT COULD BE TENSE.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00371-00141160-00141282 I HOPE IT TURNS OUT.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00372-00141282-00141727 I HOPE IT IS ENVIRONMENTAL, BUT IT VERY WELL MAYBE SOMETHING UNDERGROUND.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00373-00141727-00141882 THANK YOU VERY MUCH FOR YOUR CALL.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00374-00141882-00142257 LET'S GO TO AN ARBOR VITAE QUESTION ON LINE TWO.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00375-00142257-00142357 HI THERE.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00376-00142357-00142457 LINE TWO.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00377-00142457-00142557 >>CALLER: THANK YOU FOR TAKING MY CALL.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00378-00142557-00142657 YOU ARE WELCOME.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00379-00142657-00142927 >>CALLER: SOUNDS LIKE A NIGHT FOR TREES.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00380-00142927-00143502 WE HAVE A LARGE TREE IN BACK OF A ROW OF ARBOR VITAES.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00381-00143502-00143875 THEY ARE ABOUT 20 TO 30 FEET TALL.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00382-00143875-00144547 THE CONTRACTOR CUT DOWN THE BIG TREE AND DROPPED THE LIMBS AND FELL ON THE ARBOR VITAES AND
+8SfVk4J85EA-00383-00144547-00144765 BROKE THE LIMBS OFF.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00384-00144765-00145414 WOULD THE ARBOR VITAES REPRODUCE LIMBS AGAIN OR ONCE A LIMB IS GONE, IT IS GONE?
+8SfVk4J85EA-00385-00145414-00145724 >>THEY WILL MAKE LIMBS AGAIN.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00386-00145724-00145954 YOU COULD SHEER THEM.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00387-00145954-00146460 YOU WILL SEE THEM FILL IN, BUT SLOWLY.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00388-00146460-00147125 IT IS SOMETHING THAT UNFORTUNATELY THERE WAS DAMAGE, BUT THEY WILL GROW OUT OF IT.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00389-00147125-00147289 I WOULD THINK SO.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00390-00147289-00147698 >>YOU CAN KIND OF PRUNE IT TO AND HIDE IT.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00391-00147698-00147798 >>VERY GOOD!
+8SfVk4J85EA-00392-00147798-00147898 (LAUGHING).
+8SfVk4J85EA-00393-00147898-00148015 >>THAT'S WHAT I WAS TRYING TO SEE.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00394-00148015-00148311 REAL SUCCINCT TO HIDE IT.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00395-00148311-00148411 THAT'S GOOD NEWS.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00396-00148411-00148811 I AM GLAD TO HAVE GOOD NEWS AFTER MAYBE NOT SO GOOD NEWS.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00397-00148811-00148942 >>ALL RIGHT.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00398-00148942-00149119 ARE YOU READY FOR THE QUIZ?
+8SfVk4J85EA-00399-00149119-00151745 RIGHT NOW, LET'S GO TO IT AND SEE IF YOU KNOW THE ANSWER.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00400-00151745-00151845 >>> DID THAT TRICK YOU?
+8SfVk4J85EA-00401-00151845-00151945 WHAT DID YOU THINK IT WAS?
+8SfVk4J85EA-00402-00151945-00152279 >> I WAS GOING TO SAY GARLIC FROM BIBLICAL TIMES.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00403-00152279-00152776 >>I WOULD HAVE SAID POTATO, BUT I SUSPECTED IT.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00404-00152776-00153280 I HAVE TASTED VEGETABLES THAT I THOUGHT WERE THAT OLD!
+8SfVk4J85EA-00405-00153280-00153477 (LAUGHING).
+8SfVk4J85EA-00406-00153477-00153635 YOU LEARN A LOT ON THIS SHOW.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00407-00153635-00154239 WELL, I WANT TO EVERYTHING THAT YOU FOR BEING HERE.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00408-00154239-00154339 >> THANK YOU.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00409-00154339-00154639 >> IT REALLY GOES FAST, AND WE LEARN A LOT.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00410-00154639-00154850 WELL, THANK YOU FOR WATCHING.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00411-00154850-00155303 REMEMBER, SEND US A VIDEO IF YOU WANT TO, AND WE WILL SEE YOU NEXT TIME.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00412-00155303-00157505 HAVE A GREAT WEEK GARDENING.
+8SfVk4J85EA-00413-00157505-00159623 BYE-BYE.
+8SmoS66uDjM-00000-00000000-00001675 https://islandtourseychelles.com
+8SVpWuUTx9u-00000-00000003-00000348 Yo, what is up guys it's carnage gaming here back with a brand new
+8SVpWuUTx9u-00001-00000402-00000977 Paladin's video and in today's video. We're gonna be talking about the best and androxus build for patch
+8SVpWuUTx9u-00002-00001069-00001192 2.02
+8SVpWuUTx9u-00003-00001192-00001796 It's gonna be the reversal build basically an instant cooldown on a reversal. So almost an unlimited
+8SVpWuUTx9u-00004-00001885-00002138 Reversal basically you're gonna need you're going to need is ruffed
+8SVpWuUTx9u-00005-00002139-00002627 We're just gonna reduce the cooldown a reversal automatically by 6 seconds already bringing down that cooldown
+8SVpWuUTx9u-00006-00002674-00003354 Also hitting an enemy reduces the cooldown reversal by two seconds here with that seething hatred card. That's really gonna help you out
+8SVpWuUTx9u-00007-00003418-00003932 Basically gonna make it to where you can use your reversal and it's gonna have such a low cooldown and somebody once or twice
+8SVpWuUTx9u-00008-00003957-00004433 You're basically good. Also the power of the bisque are gonna level up to four
+8SVpWuUTx9u-00009-00004434-00004977 It's gonna make hitting a target with reversal reduces cloning. Another step makes you really speedy really quick
+8SVpWuUTx9u-00010-00005050-00005291 Also through the warp because the distance of your another step
+8SVpWuUTx9u-00011-00005350-00005861 As well just increase that movement and then elusive increase moving speed after your another step
+8SVpWuUTx9u-00012-00005902-00006209 That's gonna be the builds pretty simple pretty standard stuff
+8SVpWuUTx9u-00013-00006271-00006872 I'm gonna go disrupt with five seething hatred with four powerfully abyss with four
+8SVpWuUTx9u-00014-00006897-00007343 Through the work with one and allusive with one that's gonna be the reversal build
+8SVpWuUTx9u-00015-00007402-00008072 Obviously you're going to be wanting to run that Godslayer with this builds gonna make your reversal always fire back and deal at least 800
+8SVpWuUTx9u-00016-00008072-00008618 Damage, it's a super important because if even no one's shooting you you can still use this reversal to do that extra
+8SVpWuUTx9u-00017-00008704-00008909 800 damage which is quite a lot
+8SVpWuUTx9u-00018-00008971-00009500 Considering you don't have anything being shot at you. That's gonna be the end of this reversal bill
+8SVpWuUTx9u-00019-00009502-00009649 Hope this helps you guys
+8SVpWuUTx9u-00020-00009649-00010175 You have any questions leave them in the comment section below if you have any more build ideas or characters you think I should do?
+8SVpWuUTx9u-00021-00010175-00010913 A build on let me know don't forget to leave a like subscribe and comment and I will see you guys in the next video
+8TPM7igAlzI-00000-00000090-00000876 so guys, I've just found that Etsy shooter is leaving comments on my video, and I've
+8TPM7igAlzI-00001-00000876-00001494 seen him on three other videos now. and I'm not even kidding. this is literally
+8TPM7igAlzI-00002-00001494-00002466 so weird to see. it's so rare to see three users which appeared to be leaving normal
+8TPM7igAlzI-00003-00002466-00003102 comments, and it's all appears to be the same user, that left those three comments.
+8TPM7igAlzI-00004-00003222-00003996 ah, I couldn't believe that I found it now on four videos, which is so rare.
+8U1JoAajkWQ-00000-00000358-00000730 Hello welcome to IF We post new videos every week remember to
+8U1JoAajkWQ-00001-00000730-00001077 subscribe and ring that bell to stay up to date.
+8U1JoAajkWQ-00002-00001077-00001634 In this video we are going to talk about the ever controversial assassination of JFK.
+8U1JoAajkWQ-00003-00001634-00002002 President elect Donald Trump has issued a statement saying that he will release all
+8U1JoAajkWQ-00004-00002002-00002516 the documents held by the CIA concerning the murder of JFK.
+8U1JoAajkWQ-00005-00002516-00002948 They have however been scheduled for release since 1992.
+8U1JoAajkWQ-00006-00002948-00003402 Probably one of the most defining moments for the US as a country, if the truth comes
+8U1JoAajkWQ-00007-00003402-00003636 out it could have huge ramifications.
+8U1JoAajkWQ-00008-00003636-00003904 But this is if!
+8U1JoAajkWQ-00009-00003904-00004541 We need a question to continue and that question is, if the truth has already been told?
+8U1JoAajkWQ-00010-00004541-00005137 Everett Howard Hunt Jr better known as E. Howard Hunt was an American intelligence officer
+8U1JoAajkWQ-00011-00005137-00005300 and writer.
+8U1JoAajkWQ-00012-00005300-00005784 He had served as an officer in the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA).
+8U1JoAajkWQ-00013-00005784-00006337 Hunt was part of the Nixon administrations fix it team known as the "plumbers.
+8U1JoAajkWQ-00014-00006337-00006688 This secret team of operatives fixed white house leaks
+8U1JoAajkWQ-00015-00006688-00007322 – The real or perceived causes of confidential administration information being leaked to
+8U1JoAajkWQ-00016-00007322-00007486 outside parties.
+8U1JoAajkWQ-00017-00007486-00008061 I love how obvious these spies and governments agents are with their given code names!
+8U1JoAajkWQ-00018-00008061-00008567 Hunt and a partner planned and carried out the Watergate burglaries along with other
+8U1JoAajkWQ-00019-00008567-00008993 undercover operations for the Nixon administration.
+8U1JoAajkWQ-00020-00008993-00009699 On his death bed in January of 2007, The CIA master spy, Hunt, confessed to being involved
+8U1JoAajkWQ-00021-00009699-00010255 in the assassination of President Kennedy, he also named several other participants in
+8U1JoAajkWQ-00022-00010255-00010454 the assassination.
+8U1JoAajkWQ-00023-00010454-00010847 His son Saint John had a collection of notes and recordings.
+8U1JoAajkWQ-00024-00010847-00011465 In one of these audiotapes recorded in 2004, Hunt describes how he had been invited into
+8U1JoAajkWQ-00025-00011465-00011994 the "big event" at a Miami safehouse in 1963.
+8U1JoAajkWQ-00026-00011994-00012339 He listed the other coconspirators in the plot.
+8U1JoAajkWQ-00027-00012339-00012944 These are the men that could organize and possibly carry out an act as heinous as killing
+8U1JoAajkWQ-00028-00012944-00013210 the president U.S elect.
+8U1JoAajkWQ-00029-00013210-00013310 1.
+8U1JoAajkWQ-00030-00013310-00013931 Frank Sturgis, an anti-Castro paramilitary closely associated with Hunt.
+8U1JoAajkWQ-00031-00013931-00014338 Sturgis was also a Watergate burglar. 2.
+8U1JoAajkWQ-00032-00014338-00015119 David Morales, Chief of Operations at the CIA's JMWAVE station in Miami.
+8U1JoAajkWQ-00033-00015119-00015327 3.
+8U1JoAajkWQ-00034-00015327-00015929 David Phillips, a CIA propaganda specialist and later the Chief of the Western Hemisphere
+8U1JoAajkWQ-00035-00015929-00016034 Division.
+8U1JoAajkWQ-00036-00016034-00016528 He was also assigned to Mexico City this is the same time as the recorded trip of Lee
+8U1JoAajkWQ-00037-00016528-00016806 Harvey Oswald to the city!
+8U1JoAajkWQ-00038-00016806-00016922 4.
+8U1JoAajkWQ-00039-00016922-00017472 Antonio Veciana, a Cuban exile leader of Alpha 66.
+8U1JoAajkWQ-00040-00017472-00018010 He was claimed to have singled out Lee Harvey Oswald to be contacted by Phillips.
+8U1JoAajkWQ-00041-00018010-00018123 5.
+8U1JoAajkWQ-00042-00018123-00018842 William Harvey, a CIA officer who ran the ZR/RIFLE "executive action" program.
+8U1JoAajkWQ-00043-00018842-00019583 Harvey sent sabotage teams into Cuba during the 1962 Missile Crisis and in doing so alienated
+8U1JoAajkWQ-00044-00019583-00019798 himself to the Kennedys. 6.
+8U1JoAajkWQ-00045-00019798-00020447 Cord Meyer, a high-level CIA officer whose ex-wife just happened to be having an affair
+8U1JoAajkWQ-00046-00020447-00020725 with JFK. 7.
+8U1JoAajkWQ-00047-00020725-00021000 The French Gunman on the Grassy Knoll.
+8U1JoAajkWQ-00048-00021000-00021637 Hunt included an unnamed French hit man who he claims shot from infamous grassy knoll.
+8U1JoAajkWQ-00049-00021637-00021753 8.
+8U1JoAajkWQ-00050-00021753-00021971 Lyndon Johnson, Vice-President.
+8U1JoAajkWQ-00051-00021971-00022619 Is the most shocking name, and there is another videos worth of content on his goings on when
+8U1JoAajkWQ-00052-00022619-00022886 he took power.
+8U1JoAajkWQ-00053-00022886-00023441 Hunt says his participation was not active but he was considered a "benchwarmer “in
+8U1JoAajkWQ-00054-00023441-00023586 the plot.
+8U1JoAajkWQ-00055-00023586-00024214 Hunt did not make any claims which could be used to prove his allegations, he did however,
+8U1JoAajkWQ-00056-00024214-00024753 name the people that have all been suspects in the assassination for some time.
+8U1JoAajkWQ-00057-00024753-00025203 In the "smoking gun" tape which when played became a major part in him being removed from
+8U1JoAajkWQ-00059-00032483-00032941 Haldeman to give a message to the then CIA Director Richard Helms.
+8U1JoAajkWQ-00060-00032941-00033565 He asked Helms to intervene in Watergate investigation and stall the FBI’s investigation, because
+8U1JoAajkWQ-00061-00033565-00034068 the message said “the President believes that it is going to open the whole Bay of
+8U1JoAajkWQ-00062-00034068-00034196 Pigs thing up again."
+8U1JoAajkWQ-00063-00034196-00034745 Haldeman’s book The Ends of Power described the' reaction to the message: "Turmoil in
+8U1JoAajkWQ-00064-00034745-00034852 the room.
+8U1JoAajkWQ-00065-00034852-00035291 Helms gripping the arms of his chair leaning forward and shouting, 'The Bay of Pigs had
+8U1JoAajkWQ-00066-00035291-00035440 nothing to do with this.
+8U1JoAajkWQ-00067-00035440-00035718 I have no concern about the Bay of Pigs'."
+8U1JoAajkWQ-00068-00035718-00036264 Haldeman later formulated the belief that the "Bay of Pigs" referred to the assassination
+8U1JoAajkWQ-00069-00036264-00036390 of Kennedy.
+8U1JoAajkWQ-00070-00036390-00037036 The lack of corroboration has led to Hunt's story has been challenged due to Inconsistencies
+8U1JoAajkWQ-00071-00037036-00037758 in the claims and the failure of Hunt to provide any details of his activities in 1963.
+8U1JoAajkWQ-00072-00037758-00038027 Is Hunt's confession the truth?
+8U1JoAajkWQ-00073-00038027-00038575 Many people will dismiss the confession choosing to see the whole thing as a "last laugh" from
+8U1JoAajkWQ-00074-00038575-00038933 a man who hated Kennedy with a passion.
+8U1JoAajkWQ-00075-00038933-00039505 The old spymaster did however think that he was dying at the time of the recordings.
+8U1JoAajkWQ-00076-00039505-00039855 And it’s at this time his eldest son came to visit.
+8U1JoAajkWQ-00077-00039855-00040438 He was suffering with lupus, pneumonia, cancer of the jaw and prostate and gangrene from
+8U1JoAajkWQ-00078-00040438-00040721 the amputation of his left leg.
+8U1JoAajkWQ-00079-00040721-00041161 He was a seasoned man who had long served his country and sensed the end.
+8U1JoAajkWQ-00080-00041161-00041716 He had been instrumental in the violent removal of elected leftist president in Guatemala
+8U1JoAajkWQ-00081-00041716-00042180 and assisted in the subterfuge leading to the murder of Che Guevara.
+8U1JoAajkWQ-00082-00042180-00042663 Pondering his Years of action and dedication to a cause he had once believed in, and now
+8U1JoAajkWQ-00083-00042663-00043383 facing the end maybe he felt he need to validate his actions by sharing them with his son?
+8U1JoAajkWQ-00084-00043383-00043929 So propped up in his sickbed with pen and paper on his lap, his son next to him, He
+8U1JoAajkWQ-00085-00043929-00044459 may have been truthful about the events that he participated in, and a plot to kill the
+8U1JoAajkWQ-00086-00044459-00044559 president.
+8U1JoAajkWQ-00087-00044559-00044927 So is there more evidence than this, which could be released by trump?
+8U1JoAajkWQ-00088-00044927-00045352 Maybe a better version of the Zapruder Film?
+8U1JoAajkWQ-00089-00045352-00045866 This film could be considered the most important 26 seconds in the history of film
+8U1JoAajkWQ-00090-00045866-00046594 Shot in the hot midday sun of Dallas on that historical day of November 22, 1963.
+8U1JoAajkWQ-00091-00046594-00047124 Abraham Zapruder a humble dressmaker could not have known that the Twenty-six second
+8U1JoAajkWQ-00092-00047124-00047777 film would show one of the most historic and horrific series of images put to celluloid,
+8U1JoAajkWQ-00093-00047777-00048312 a full colour documentation of a presidential assassination.
+8U1JoAajkWQ-00094-00048312-00048762 What is not common knowledge, is that a single frame of this film was kept secret from public
+8U1JoAajkWQ-00095-00048762-00049138 viewing for 12 years following the assassination.
+8U1JoAajkWQ-00096-00049138-00049831 Frame 313 is the number of the frame that gave Abraham Zapruder recurring nightmares.
+8U1JoAajkWQ-00097-00049831-00050134 This frame withheld from the public at his request.
+8U1JoAajkWQ-00098-00050134-00050453 Errol Morris a noted documentary film maker said
+8U1JoAajkWQ-00099-00050453-00051021 “We like to feel that the world is safe,” “Safe at least in the sense that we can
+8U1JoAajkWQ-00100-00051021-00051213 know about it.
+8U1JoAajkWQ-00101-00051213-00051672 The Kennedy assassination is very much an essay on the unsafety of the world.
+8U1JoAajkWQ-00102-00051672-00052224 If a man that powerful, that young, that rich, that successful, can just be wiped off the
+8U1JoAajkWQ-00103-00052224-00052794 face of the earth in an instant, what does it say about the rest of us?”
+8U1JoAajkWQ-00104-00052794-00053312 Most have now seen The Zapruder film with 15 million+ YouTube views alone.
+8U1JoAajkWQ-00105-00053312-00053950 The haunting images of a motorcade led by two open-top limousines driving at a stately
+8U1JoAajkWQ-00106-00053950-00054254 pace through a plaza lined with people.
+8U1JoAajkWQ-00107-00054254-00054701 The black Lincoln Continental with JFK and his wife, Jackie.
+8U1JoAajkWQ-00108-00054701-00055267 Showing them waving to onlookers as the motorcade heads for the locally known “the triple
+8U1JoAajkWQ-00109-00055267-00055446 underpass”.
+8U1JoAajkWQ-00110-00055446-00055941 We see JFK’s car emerge from behind a sign that had been blocking the view for a short
+8U1JoAajkWQ-00111-00055941-00056041 time.
+8U1JoAajkWQ-00112-00056041-00056379 Then suddenly, we see JFK grab his throat.
+8U1JoAajkWQ-00113-00056379-00056554 Jackie leans over to him.
+8U1JoAajkWQ-00114-00056554-00057194 An instant later, in the infamous Frame 313, a bullet strikes JFK’s head.
+8U1JoAajkWQ-00115-00057194-00057558 We see his head explode and be thrown back.
+8U1JoAajkWQ-00116-00057558-00058060 Jackie Kennedy then frantically crawls over the rear seat grasping a piece of her husband’s
+8U1JoAajkWQ-00117-00058060-00058269 shattered skull.
+8U1JoAajkWQ-00118-00058269-00058846 The impression given is that the gun blast came from in front of JFK resulting in his
+8U1JoAajkWQ-00119-00058846-00059084 head being blown backward.
+8U1JoAajkWQ-00120-00059084-00059329 Some experts claim that this is an optical illusion
+8U1JoAajkWQ-00121-00059329-00060019 JFK had actually been hit from behind this, slamming his chin forward and into his chest,
+8U1JoAajkWQ-00122-00060019-00060576 his head was then seen recoiling backwards in the film making it look like the shot hit
+8U1JoAajkWQ-00123-00060576-00060705 from the front.
+8U1JoAajkWQ-00124-00060705-00061196 We could get into the ballistic oddities of the murder but that would make this an extremely
+8U1JoAajkWQ-00125-00061196-00061649 long video and take us away from the opening question.
+8U1JoAajkWQ-00126-00061649-00061996 What will Trump release and was Hunt telling the truth?
+8U1JoAajkWQ-00127-00061996-00062540 I believe the Warren Commission finding of Lee Harvey Oswald, as the lone assassin is
+8U1JoAajkWQ-00128-00062540-00062680 wrong.
+8U1JoAajkWQ-00129-00062680-00063266 Then if he was not was the lone gunman who else could it be, do we have that evidence
+8U1JoAajkWQ-00130-00063266-00063387 from Hunt?
+8U1JoAajkWQ-00131-00063387-00063646 I think so, how about you?
+8U1JoAajkWQ-00132-00063646-00063942 Please leave your thoughts in the comments below.
+8U1JoAajkWQ-00133-00063942-00064295 If you want to know the truth, take a shot at that like button.
+8U1JoAajkWQ-00134-00064295-00064834 Don’t be part of the conspiracy of silence share this video or subscribe
+8U1JoAajkWQ-00135-00064834-00065174 Catch up with the channel on social media Til next time.
+8W6azqv3y44-00000-00000852-00000916 The Key-X
+8W6azqv3y44-00001-00000916-00001292 Smart keyboard launched in 2018 by multinational startup Key2 enable
+8W6azqv3y44-00002-00001332-00001452 has just 11 touch
+8W6azqv3y44-00003-00001452-00001848 sensitive iconographic keys that enable operation without much effort.
+8W6azqv3y44-00004-00001872-00002384 By 2022, some 2500 Key-X keyboards have been sold in 28 countries.
+8YUQdegJTqY-00000-00000000-00000737 Adam: Guess who tried but never went to bed! This guy! And this shirt looks really bad on me.
+8YUQdegJTqY-00001-00000737-00001496 But I have so many red shirts I know we're gonna change my outfit later I'm
+8YUQdegJTqY-00002-00001496-00001813 running on no sleep -whispers- cus insomnia's a bitch and i don't like it pfft
+8YUQdegJTqY-00003-00001861-00002498 I am what the kids call a sad potato.
+8YUQdegJTqY-00004-00002498-00003396 boo-boo sneep snoop (phone dings) it's currently 4:00 in the morning and someone just randomly
+8YUQdegJTqY-00005-00003396-00003857 gave me a kick message for some reason. Decker: hey, guys Adam here. You ever watch
+8YUQdegJTqY-00006-00003857-00004289 a YouTuber and just go that person is awesome because I really enjoy Thomas
+8YUQdegJTqY-00007-00004289-00005139 Sander's videos very interesting individual I don't know why I said it like that. I tried to be cute and clever. Which
+8YUQdegJTqY-00008-00005139-00005921 I am but not in that way. I am bored. Hey, at least you can't say-
+8YUQdegJTqY-00009-00005921-00006584 Here's the thing, I look very fucking emo not good kind...Sorry there's a show in the
+8YUQdegJTqY-00010-00006584-00007650 background anyways um (mumbles incoherently). Adam: things I've learned today apparently men don't
+8YUQdegJTqY-00011-00007650-00008168 squeae, triggered. I'm probably gonna get back into cosplay I decided that I love
+8YUQdegJTqY-00012-00008168-00008547 outdoors I've been loving the outdoors more. My phone keeps glitching whenever I try
+8YUQdegJTqY-00013-00008547-00009015 to record so if I cut here and now that's the reason but yeah I love the outdoors
+8YUQdegJTqY-00014-00009015-00009711 I loved everything um I'm gonna get back into cosplay maybe even do some
+8YUQdegJTqY-00015-00009711-00010299 planting who knows. I've been trying to want to be like I have been trying to want to
+8YUQdegJTqY-00016-00010299-00010640 be outside more so then I'm gonna get into plants and planting and shit I
+8YUQdegJTqY-00017-00010640-00011450 don't know my life is weird I'm a weird person a wop bop ba doop I've been on
+8YUQdegJTqY-00018-00011450-00011577 uhh I was writing my OC's
+8YUQdegJTqY-00019-00011577-00011952 (original characters) because I do that and a weirdo I was writing a bunch
+8YUQdegJTqY-00020-00011952-00012231 of philosophy to go with it so I thought I'd share something with you because I
+8YUQdegJTqY-00021-00012240-00012916 think it's good advice regardless of whatever uh so in real life um nothing comes
+8YUQdegJTqY-00022-00012916-00013175 for free. This is this is obvious this is
+8YUQdegJTqY-00023-00013175-00013634 you know it's a great metaphor and it's a great truth most people don't know
+8YUQdegJTqY-00024-00013634-00014180 what that means. Or they don't handle the full capacity of what that means. In real
+8YUQdegJTqY-00025-00014180-00014558 life there's a variety of different aspects you know there's like variety of
+8YUQdegJTqY-00026-00014558-00015533 different paths, routes, workings, anything really hypothetically and if you start
+8YUQdegJTqY-00027-00015533-00016190 to work with something or work on something I should say it's never as
+8YUQdegJTqY-00028-00016190-00016967 simple as quitting halfway... I think you should always know what you're getting
+8YUQdegJTqY-00029-00016967-00017176 into
+8YUQdegJTqY-00030-00017254-00017945 Simon: Hello I love myself so I pose a question to the- to the interwebs
+8YUQdegJTqY-00031-00017945-00018665 is it narcissism if is justified? Yeah yeah yeah it's still probably narcissism.
+8YUQdegJTqY-00032-00018665-00019151 Like it's probably more likely narcissism. I just don't care I am what the kids
+8YUQdegJTqY-00033-00019151-00019415 call a self loathing narcissist which means I think they think I'm the hottest
+8YUQdegJTqY-00034-00019415-00020126 shit around or I hate my own guts. There is no in-between I just love myself it's
+8YUQdegJTqY-00035-00020126-00020735 great I'm great and I love this oh my fuck I love being me I love everything
+8YUQdegJTqY-00036-00020735-00021870 about me. I wish I felt this more how do you trigger it?  Adam: So I wake up and it's snowing
+8YUQdegJTqY-00037-00023253-00024103 So I've been doing a lot of thinking today...No I was reading- you know I read
+8YUQdegJTqY-00038-00024103-00024787 and I read this zodiac thing. I know it's stupid but it was like 2017 was the year
+8YUQdegJTqY-00039-00024787-00025570 you decide- you discover which of your friends are really there for you and I
+8YUQdegJTqY-00040-00025570-00026289 guess for me that meant 2017 was the year you lost all your friends. You know
+8YUQdegJTqY-00041-00026289-00026707 that expression if you can't handle me at my best you don't deserve me at my worst if
+8YUQdegJTqY-00042-00026707-00026988 you can't handle me at my worst you don't deserve me at my best
+8YUQdegJTqY-00043-00026988-00027422 well I guess no one deserves me at my best
+8YUQdegJTqY-00044-00027422-00028083 because I lost everyone no one cares about me those that do can't even stay
+8YUQdegJTqY-00045-00028083-00028316 in contact
+8YWKBVa-1-o-00000-00000000-00000050 Top 10 Romantic Ways To Say I Love You - ways to say goodnight
+8d61hzQc_v4-00000-00000087-00000623 When you're doing a search and you want to limit it, you want to use the word AND as
+8d61hzQc_v4-00001-00000623-00000749 your Boolean operative.
+8d61hzQc_v4-00002-00000749-00001468 So, if you want limes AND gold, it's going to give you this section right here that contains
+8d61hzQc_v4-00003-00001468-00001682 both limes and gold.
+8jjdCZnor8o-00000-00000114-00000677 From the nursing guide homepage. I'm going to show you how to search the PubMed database
+8jjdCZnor8o-00001-00000780-00000867 so from here
+8jjdCZnor8o-00002-00000867-00001193 The first thing we're going to do is go into finding articles and more
+8jjdCZnor8o-00003-00001225-00001607 So across the top here the second tab over from the home
+8jjdCZnor8o-00004-00001719-00002201 And if I click on that, I'm going to see a whole list of health and nursing databases
+8jjdCZnor8o-00005-00002202-00002402 So these are the databases that we have
+8jjdCZnor8o-00006-00002464-00002724 Pulled out as ones that might be especially useful
+8jjdCZnor8o-00007-00002788-00003033 if you're looking for health or nursing topics
+8jjdCZnor8o-00008-00003033-00003716 And I'm just going to scroll down to the bottom here where I can find PubMed. So PubMed is a database
+8jjdCZnor8o-00009-00003771-00004109 It's actually completely open so you can get to this from anywhere
+8jjdCZnor8o-00010-00004173-00004922 That has millions of of citations for articles here. You can see going back to 1948. I'm gonna click on this
+8jjdCZnor8o-00011-00005130-00005690 And it's just going to take me to the regular home page here I'm so you can see up here this is actually
+8jjdCZnor8o-00012-00005752-00006311 US national library of medicine and National Institutes of Health and it's default to search PubMed
+8jjdCZnor8o-00013-00006312-00006783 So I'm going to go ahead and do that and I'm going to search for osteoarthritis and exercise
+8jjdCZnor8o-00014-00007131-00007281 And
+8jjdCZnor8o-00015-00007281-00007538 When I use that and between those two terms
+8jjdCZnor8o-00016-00007590-00008189 It's just telling the database that I would like articles that have the word osteoarthritis and also the word exercise
+8jjdCZnor8o-00017-00008728-00009279 So when I do that search you can see down here I get five thousand eight hundred and seventy two results
+8jjdCZnor8o-00018-00009297-00009845 So that's actually more than I'm willing to look through. But luckily when you're searching databases
+8jjdCZnor8o-00019-00009846-00010125 There's a few things that you can do to help you get better results
+8jjdCZnor8o-00020-00010182-00010814 So in this particular database over here on the left side is where I'm going to see my options
+8jjdCZnor8o-00021-00010849-00011297 So these are called limiters and all the databases that you're going to use. We're gonna have limiters
+8jjdCZnor8o-00022-00011454-00011912 They might look a little different depending on which database we're in and these are our options here
+8jjdCZnor8o-00023-00011913-00012701 So I have article type as a trial or a review. I have text availability as abstract free full text and full text
+8jjdCZnor8o-00024-00012753-00013218 So in this particular database because this is an open resource. That's just on the inner that
+8jjdCZnor8o-00025-00013288-00013488 It's not something that we have subscribed to
+8jjdCZnor8o-00026-00013559-00014289 You're gonna see this difference between free full-text and full text. So full text means that there is an online version of this article
+8jjdCZnor8o-00027-00014351-00014803 But it might be behind a paywall. So if you have something that's just full text
+8jjdCZnor8o-00028-00014806-00015420 You might hit a screen that asks you to log in or pay money at that point you want to stop and not do that
+8jjdCZnor8o-00029-00015476-00015879 So what we're gonna look for here is a free full text. So I'm just gonna go ahead and click that
+8jjdCZnor8o-00030-00016363-00016890 And now you can see I'm getting this free article showing up with all my results, that's what we're gonna look for
+8jjdCZnor8o-00031-00016890-00017571 I also have a choice on publication dates. So here I can pick five years ten years or a custom range
+8jjdCZnor8o-00032-00017571-00017771 So I'll go ahead and click five years
+8jjdCZnor8o-00033-00017920-00018070 And
+8jjdCZnor8o-00034-00018070-00018248 I'm down to
+8jjdCZnor8o-00035-00018248-00018936 One thousand two hundred and seventy two results. So that's much better than where I started in this particular database because it's biomedical research
+8jjdCZnor8o-00036-00018937-00019407 I have the option between humans and other animals, so I'm gonna go ahead and pick humans
+8jjdCZnor8o-00037-00019568-00020235 But a lot of times that they start research with other animals before doing research on humans so here I'm down
+8jjdCZnor8o-00038-00020287-00020871 871 articles so this is still a lot of articles to look through so I could be more specific
+8jjdCZnor8o-00039-00020906-00021375 Here with some of these I could tighten up that date range I could add another term
+8jjdCZnor8o-00040-00021418-00022173 So if you remember I searched for osteoarthritis and exercise I could add another term, you know and something else to be more specific
+8jjdCZnor8o-00041-00022240-00022425 And when you're doing your research
+8jjdCZnor8o-00042-00022425-00022857 You're going to have it three terms to work with so you're going to get a more specific set of results
+8jjdCZnor8o-00043-00023098-00023454 At this point, you know, I can just go ahead and take a look at my articles
+8jjdCZnor8o-00044-00023454-00023796 so I'm gonna click here on the title and
+8jjdCZnor8o-00045-00023923-00024576 What's gonna pop up here is the title. There's my author's up here is where this came from and
+8jjdCZnor8o-00046-00024659-00024790 Then I have an abstract
+8jjdCZnor8o-00047-00024790-00025392 So an abstract is gonna be really useful to you as you were looking through your articles because it is a one paragraph
+8jjdCZnor8o-00048-00025435-00025635 summary of what that article is about
+8jjdCZnor8o-00049-00025663-00025971 So rather than digging through what could be you know?
+8jjdCZnor8o-00050-00025971-00026358 Twenty or thirty pages of an article just to realize that maybe it wasn't what you were looking for
+8jjdCZnor8o-00051-00026426-00026624 Take a look at the abstract
+8jjdCZnor8o-00052-00026624-00027073 Make sure that the article is really about what's going to be really helpful for you
+8jjdCZnor8o-00053-00027260-00027489 You also want to take a look at these keywords
+8jjdCZnor8o-00054-00027491-00027861 So both the summary and the keywords might give you additional ideas for search terms
+8jjdCZnor8o-00055-00027869-00028144 That you maybe didn't think of or maybe something more specific
+8jjdCZnor8o-00056-00028195-00028410 So they can be really helpful in helping you find
+8jjdCZnor8o-00057-00028463-00028663 better information
+8jjdCZnor8o-00058-00028766-00029289 So once I've you know used this information here I'm going to go over to the full text links
+8jjdCZnor8o-00059-00029312-00029895 So in PubMed they're over here on this upper right corner in other databases
+8jjdCZnor8o-00060-00029895-00030108 They will be on the other side of the screen
+8jjdCZnor8o-00061-00030108-00030447 But just make sure you look for those icons that are going to take you to full text
+8jjdCZnor8o-00062-00030497-00030922 so here I can click on either one of these and it should load a new page and
+8jjdCZnor8o-00063-00031061-00031735 Here's where I can get to this article so here because you're going to need the PDF. You're gonna look for that PDF download and
+8jjdCZnor8o-00064-00031858-00032385 Now this is the article in its PDF format so I can see the whole thing is here
+8jjdCZnor8o-00065-00032537-00033147 And one useful thing about scholarly articles because they are research-based
+8jjdCZnor8o-00066-00033221-00033589 Your authors are going to provide you with references works cited
+8jjdCZnor8o-00067-00033632-00033993 Bibliography and that's going to give you other places to look for information
+8jjdCZnor8o-00068-00034016-00034641 So here I have all of these other resources that potentially could be useful to me. So once you find something that you like
+8jjdCZnor8o-00069-00034694-00035028 It's easier to get to more things like that. I
+8jjdCZnor8o-00070-00035222-00035387 Click out of this
+8jjdCZnor8o-00071-00035387-00035570 So here I'm back to my article
+8jjdCZnor8o-00072-00035570-00036093 So if I liked that article, I could save a copy of it to make sure I have it
+8jjdCZnor8o-00073-00036203-00036403 You are able to
+8jjdCZnor8o-00074-00036449-00037021 From here. You can just save the actual text full text documents. You can save that PDF to your computer
+8jjdCZnor8o-00075-00037103-00037686 Or to file their device that you're using from some of their other databases. You can actually send it right to a Google Drive
+8jjdCZnor8o-00076-00037793-00038218 But make sure you actually save a copy of the entire article so that you have that leader
+8jjdCZnor8o-00077-00038516-00038778 From here if I was continuing to do my research
+8jjdCZnor8o-00078-00038780-00039465 I would either use that article to find more search terms and go ahead and change my original search up here
+8jjdCZnor8o-00079-00039521-00039964 or I would just keep looking through these articles until I found one that
+8jjdCZnor8o-00080-00039972-00040440 I really liked that was really on my topic and then again take a look at that abstract and those key words
+8jjdCZnor8o-00081-00040549-00041040 If you are have questions while you're searching make sure you let me know and I'm happy to help you
+8kVrsnvmcVU-00000-00001024-00002181 Transgender woman Sarah Dowell met her girlfriend two years ago The 34-year-old came out to her family after almost three decades
+8kVrsnvmcVU-00001-00002331-00003615 She moved to Queensland in 2015 where she met her girlfriend Alexa Charles Sarah told FEMAIL on Monday of the 'positive influence' Alexa has had in her life
+8kVrsnvmcVU-00002-00003765-00005589 While caring for her dying grandfather, Sarah Dowell was in a very dark place. The transgender woman, 34, from South Australia had finally come out after almost three decades, but claims her family struggled to accept her.
+8kVrsnvmcVU-00003-00005739-00007155 But despite her ongoing battle for acceptance in society, Sarah told FEMAIL on Monday that she has found an 'incredibly positive influence' in her girlfriend, Alexa Charles.
+8kVrsnvmcVU-00004-00007305-00008467 The pair met online almost two years ago and continue to date to this day after an awkward first encounter on Queensland's Sunshine Coast.
+8kVrsnvmcVU-00005-00008617-00010203 'It was the most awful date in existence, I thought I would never see her again,' Sarah said.  The pair didn't meet again for another year before Sarah mustered up the courage to ask Alexa for a second date.
+8kVrsnvmcVU-00006-00010353-00011455 'I remembered she mentioned she liked Pokemon Go, which had just come out, and so I asked if she wanted to go play,' she said. 
+8kVrsnvmcVU-00007-00011605-00012735 Alexa then moved into Sarah's studio apartment where she continues to offer her unwavering support as she takes transitional hormones.
+8kVrsnvmcVU-00008-00012885-00014030 Sarah - who has been diagnosed with severe depression and anxiety - said the pair act as a team in helping each other through their hardest times.
+8kVrsnvmcVU-00009-00014180-00015322 'Lex has been an incredibly positive influence in my life - she has helped me through some of my lowest points and I've helped her too,' she said. 
+8kVrsnvmcVU-00010-00015472-00016703 Now living on the Sunshine Coast, she grew up in rural South Australia in the 1990s where she said homophobia and transphobia were prevalent.
+8kVrsnvmcVU-00011-00016853-00018063 Despite questioning her gender representation as early as five, she said she decided to hide who she was and pretend 'to be what people wanted' her to be. 
+8kVrsnvmcVU-00012-00018213-00020339 She then moved to Queensland in 2015 to look after her grandfather who was diagnosed with stage four pancreatic cancer. 'I looked after him for last six months of his life... I knew I couldn't transition while he was alive because he didn't understand those kinds of things,' Sarah said. 
+8kVrsnvmcVU-00013-00020489-00022049 'Once he passed I started on my way.' Sarah's darkest time came during the Australian marriage law postal survey, which she said led to herself and Alexa experiencing hate both online and in public.
+8kVrsnvmcVU-00014-00022199-00023437 Nonetheless, Sarah welcomed the result of the survey, saying she has plans to eventually marry Alexa once she has gender-affirming surgery in Thailand. 
+8kVrsnvmcVU-00015-00023587-00024554 She added: 'We're just people who have struggled our entire lives to be taken seriously as the people we are.' 
+8m1HODoxTmE-00000-00001523-00002402 if you can't follow, it's up to you ,but if you're to ask me,
+8m1HODoxTmE-00001-00002462-00003059 time comes you go to me and ask for your hospital expenses
+8m1HODoxTmE-00002-00003279-00004384 my video for today is about going either to a hospital or a clinic when checking up your health
+8m1HODoxTmE-00003-00004592-00005784 music
+8m1HODoxTmE-00005-00007631-00008584 because clinics are situated in malls you have the time to visit other stores to buy your needs
+8m1HODoxTmE-00006-00009112-00009984 don't you know that malls in the philippines have glass floor too
+8m1HODoxTmE-00007-00011357-00011567 music
+8m1HODoxTmE-00008-00015863-00015913 you
+90ida0yhsRo-00000-00000992-00001632 In this video, we are going to show you the most useable and amazing computer tips and tricks
+90ida0yhsRo-00001-00001632-00002112 that will make your daily life easier. The first tip is dark mode. 
+90ida0yhsRo-00002-00002200-00002688 There are times when you are working at night and you want to relax your eyes. 
+90ida0yhsRo-00003-00002768-00003432 For this purpose, you can enable dark mode. To do this, search dark mode in the search bar. 
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+90ida0yhsRo-00005-00003936-00004520 system color is selected as light You can select dark then everything
+90ida0yhsRo-00006-00004520-00004952 will be in dark mode or we can select custom.  
+90ida0yhsRo-00007-00005008-00005488 Custom allows you to mix light and dark according to your preference. 
+90ida0yhsRo-00008-00005488-00006008 In custom, you can select light or dark mode for default windows mode 
+90ida0yhsRo-00009-00006008-00006488 and then select light or dark mode for windows apps. 
+90ida0yhsRo-00010-00006488-00006976 If you select the dark mode then everything will be represented in dark mode
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+90ida0yhsRo-00012-00007752-00008288 Most of the browsers and external software also respect windows dark mode setting
+90ida0yhsRo-00013-00008288-00008784 and they also appear in dark mode you can also change the color of the app, 
+90ida0yhsRo-00014-00008784-00009176 right now we have selected green but you can select any other color. 
+90ida0yhsRo-00015-00009240-00009840 If you select blue then all apps will appear in blue and if you click on red
+90ida0yhsRo-00016-00009840-00010472 then they will start appearing in red. The next tip is very amazing and enjoyable 
+90ida0yhsRo-00017-00010472-00010944 Let's suppose you are chatting with someone using a PC and you want to
+90ida0yhsRo-00018-00010944-00011584 describe your emotions and feelings using emojis. Normally we have an emoji button available on
+90ida0yhsRo-00019-00011584-00012360 mobile phones but how you can do this on your PC? To do this press Windows + semicolon button 
+90ida0yhsRo-00020-00012464-00012888 and the emoji tab will open Here are some emojis that I have
+90ida0yhsRo-00021-00012888-00013408 used recently but as you can see there are a lot of emoji options available. 
+90ida0yhsRo-00022-00013847-00014263 The next is very important Sometimes we are working on an
+90ida0yhsRo-00023-00014263-00014872 important task and windows start updating automatically and we get disturbed. 
+90ida0yhsRo-00024-00014872-00015191 and it takes a lot of time to update and restart. 
+90ida0yhsRo-00025-00015247-00015719 To avoid this disturbance search windows update 
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+90ida0yhsRo-00027-00016488-00016912 here you can change the windows update settings according to what you need 
+90ida0yhsRo-00028-00016912-00017312 you can pause updates for 7 days change active hours 
+90ida0yhsRo-00029-00017312-00017736 view update history  and advance options for more settings. 
+90ida0yhsRo-00030-00017792-00018296 Did you know that you can copy and paste multiple items at the same time? 
+90ida0yhsRo-00031-00018296-00018784 normally we use ctrl + c copy and ctrl + v to paste 
+90ida0yhsRo-00032-00018864-00019136 everyone knows it and everyone uses it 
+90ida0yhsRo-00033-00019240-00019568 but we can copy multiple texts at the same time 
+90ida0yhsRo-00034-00019680-00020320 to this press the Windows key + v and the clipboard will open 
+90ida0yhsRo-00035-00020320-00020696 you can pin the important text that you want to use multiple times 
+90ida0yhsRo-00036-00020808-00021400 delete any text or clear all the text. If you press Windows + v for the first time
+90ida0yhsRo-00037-00021400-00021928 then it will ask you to enable this option once you enable it you can start using it. 
+90ida0yhsRo-00038-00021928-00022344 The next most useful feature of windows is the with the calculator. 
+90ida0yhsRo-00039-00022344-00022744 Windows calculator has many advanced features and lets us show all of these 
+90ida0yhsRo-00040-00023288-00023712 If you are doing important work and you want the calculator to stay on top 
+90ida0yhsRo-00041-00023712-00024104 you can pin it by clicking on this icon and it will remain on top. 
+90ida0yhsRo-00042-00024352-00024800 You can see if we click on another window then it is still staying on top. 
+90ida0yhsRo-00043-00024800-00025384 Besides this, there are many amazing features If we click on this icon 
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+90ida0yhsRo-00045-00025808-00026160 scientific, calculator, programmer, and data calculation 
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+90ida0yhsRo-00047-00026568-00027064 you can convert currency  volume, length, weight, and mass 
+90ida0yhsRo-00048-00027064-00027576 temprature, energy, area speed and many more 
+90ida0yhsRo-00049-00027576-00027872 For example, If we want to convert the speed and click on the speed 
+90ida0yhsRo-00050-00027944-00028352 here you can see that there are different speed options available to convert 
+90ida0yhsRo-00051-00028472-00029232 and when I enter 100 kilometers per hour then it will convert to 62.14 miles per hour 
+90ida0yhsRo-00052-00029288-00029648 The next tip is with word pad windows come with a free rich
+90ida0yhsRo-00053-00029648-00030256 text editor feature called word pad to open word pad search word pad in the search bar
+90ida0yhsRo-00054-00030256-00030872 and click on the best match here you can select the font, size, 
+90ida0yhsRo-00055-00030872-00031408 you can align the paragraph bold, underline and more 
+90ida0yhsRo-00056-00031408-00031712 the only in WordPad that is missing is a spell checker 
+90ida0yhsRo-00057-00031776-00032416 but you can add an extension called tiny spell that will help you to correct the spellings 
+90ida0yhsRo-00058-00032416-00032888 if you want to use a free text editor then WordPad is the best option for you. 
+90ida0yhsRo-00059-00032888-00033256 The next tip is with the magnifier and reads aloud 
+90ida0yhsRo-00060-00033256-00033808 to open this press windows + + key and it will open the magnifier 
+90ida0yhsRo-00061-00033808-00034208 as you can that we can magnifier by clicking on this button 
+90ida0yhsRo-00062-00034704-00035088 it also read the text aloud if we click on this button
+90ida0yhsRo-00063-00035088-00035416 then it will start reading the text let's check this out 
+90ida0yhsRo-00064-00035832-00036472 so if you want to read the text out loud on any browser, any website, or any text editor
+90ida0yhsRo-00065-00036472-00036936 then this is the best option. The next tip is with Quick assist 
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+90ida0yhsRo-00067-00037336-00037752 to fix their problem related to a computer and they live far away 
+90ida0yhsRo-00068-00037752-00038312 then it is very difficult to help them on phone or go to their home to fix the problem 
+90ida0yhsRo-00069-00038312-00038584 So what can you do? you can use quick assistance
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+90ida0yhsRo-00071-00039400-00040016 If quick assist is not installed then you can install it by going to the Microsoft store  
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+90ida0yhsRo-00073-00040696-00041032 after installing or updating Click on open 
+90ida0yhsRo-00074-00041608-00042088 this application required the WebView2 runtime to work 
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+90ida0yhsRo-00076-00042568-00043024 open the browser search WebView2 runtime in the search bar 
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+90ida0yhsRo-00085-00047952-00048320 you can assist the person The last trip of this video is
+90ida0yhsRo-00086-00048320-00048624 with the start up apps When you turn on your
+90ida0yhsRo-00087-00048624-00049216 PC many apps start automatically To stop them from starting automatically 
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+90ida0yhsRo-00090-00050048-00050448 you can also see their impact some have a high impact 
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+98NS1HT3GDA-00000-00000616-00000830 Hello friends. Thank you for joining our study
+98NS1HT3GDA-00001-00000876-00001640 We will look at authoritative texts. Of course, any comments are my personal interpretation. For any official or authoritative
+98NS1HT3GDA-00002-00001669-00001952 Baha'i teachings, please visit bahai.org
+98NS1HT3GDA-00003-00002019-00002645 I'd like to thank the Baha'i Administration as well as all of those working for peace. In the description below,
+98NS1HT3GDA-00004-00002701-00003261 you'll find timestamps of the various sections in this video, so you can jump to those sections if you like.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00005-00003307-00003984 There's also a link to download an audio form of this presentation, as well as a PDF with all of the quotes. So today
+98NS1HT3GDA-00006-00003984-00004346 we're going to be looking at a topic on Ultimate Reality in Buddhism.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00007-00004402-00004913 The quotes and texts that we're actually going to be studying come from what is called the "Pali Canon"
+98NS1HT3GDA-00008-00004951-00005592 This is the central Buddhist Texts which give the foundation for what's called Theravadan in Buddhism.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00009-00005592-00006183 They are the most ancient texts we have from Buddhism. There are others that were revealed in
+98NS1HT3GDA-00010-00006219-00006470 Sanskrit and some we have in Tibetan and Chinese,
+98NS1HT3GDA-00011-00006540-00006899 which come from the Mahayana tradition. This is a quick synopsis.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00012-00006958-00007601 Whereas this is in the Pali language, and is generally seen to be some of the most ancient authoritative texts of Buddhism.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00013-00007690-00008129 One of the things that's going to come up a lot for some readers or some viewers
+98NS1HT3GDA-00014-00008193-00008393 is how
+98NS1HT3GDA-00015-00008425-00009188 different this perspective of Buddhism might be from what they've heard or been told by friends, colleagues, and in
+98NS1HT3GDA-00016-00009220-00009897 general media within the West. Because oftentimes we, I believe, see a Buddhism that has been culled.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00017-00009946-00010389 Meaning, parts of it have actually been chopped off in its presentation to Western audiences.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00018-00010414-00011043 So we often hear that "Buddhism is a mere philosophical system", "It's not a religion" or "it's a
+98NS1HT3GDA-00019-00011107-00011661 system of meditation". Even to the point where some people say that "a person can be
+98NS1HT3GDA-00020-00011731-00012489 Buddhist and Christian". That "because it's actually non-religious itself it's more of a practice or a philosophical system. They can actually blend".
+98NS1HT3GDA-00021-00012571-00013067 Another aspect we often see is many of the rules and regulations and moral
+98NS1HT3GDA-00022-00013156-00013361 and ritualistic precepts of
+98NS1HT3GDA-00023-00013434-00014144 Buddhism also get removed; so for example, the Vinaya, which is actually the rules and codes of conduct for
+98NS1HT3GDA-00024-00014176-00014376 monks and nuns of Buddhism.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00025-00014466-00014666 We often also have
+98NS1HT3GDA-00026-00014701-00015012 presented to us a Buddhism that is devoid of judgment.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00027-00015097-00015398 No conceptions of Heaven.  No conceptions of Hell.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00028-00015493-00015753 And bold as it might seem to say I would suggest that
+98NS1HT3GDA-00029-00015795-00016238 These are actually distortions of the actual Buddhist scripture. And at times
+98NS1HT3GDA-00030-00016257-00016802 I think very unintentionally at times, and this is actually how its presented in the West
+98NS1HT3GDA-00031-00016870-00017040 To make it more palatable
+98NS1HT3GDA-00032-00017040-00017393 to the Western audience. What we don't often hear of
+98NS1HT3GDA-00033-00017479-00018140 in the West, some of the fundamental tenets that I see within the actual Buddhist scriptures themselves, are for example
+98NS1HT3GDA-00034-00018240-00018503 the Divine status of the Buddha,
+98NS1HT3GDA-00035-00018573-00018887 the necessity of Faith and love and even worship of the Buddha,
+98NS1HT3GDA-00036-00018973-00019373 the existence of gods. This is about an Ultimate Reality in Buddhism.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00037-00019462-00020223 Basically that there are many topics that we don't see often in the West in common culture that are actually within the Buddhist tradition
+98NS1HT3GDA-00038-00020272-00020409 itself.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00039-00020409-00020609 One of the things we have to do
+98NS1HT3GDA-00040-00020653-00021176 is to place Buddhism in its evolutionary context; to really look at it as
+98NS1HT3GDA-00041-00021237-00021512 part of the Indian religious tradition.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00042-00021637-00022241 Oftentimes people will say "we have to look at Buddhism on its own terms; in its own evolutionary context".
+98NS1HT3GDA-00043-00022241-00022826 But what you end up I have experienced what you end up seeing is this culled version of Buddhism.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00044-00022956-00023486 So I would suggest that it truly is best to actually look at Buddhism within the Hindu
+98NS1HT3GDA-00045-00023554-00024159 and especially Upanishadic context, to see what the Buddha is responding to, what he is
+98NS1HT3GDA-00046-00024187-00024419 correcting, what he is answering, and
+98NS1HT3GDA-00047-00024495-00024848 thereby be able to actually understand the Buddha's claim more clearly.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00048-00024922-00025122 One facet of
+98NS1HT3GDA-00049-00025126-00025592 how Buddhism can be portrayed at times and again especially within the West,
+98NS1HT3GDA-00050-00025665-00025940 is the claim that Buddhism is non-theistic.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00051-00026154-00026297 This is a
+98NS1HT3GDA-00052-00026297-00026529 to me a very peculiar claim,
+98NS1HT3GDA-00053-00026633-00026827 that buddhism is a
+98NS1HT3GDA-00054-00026827-00027141 non-theistic, not atheistic not theistic, but non-theistic.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00055-00027250-00027996 In the sense that it doesn't speak of divine beings. Why this is so strange is because if Buddhism is
+98NS1HT3GDA-00056-00028097-00028202 non-theistic,
+98NS1HT3GDA-00057-00028202-00028908 then I would have to say that Greek mythology is non-theistic, that Roman religion was non-theistic,
+98NS1HT3GDA-00058-00028987-00029187 Sumerian, or Egyptian
+98NS1HT3GDA-00059-00029209-00029412 religions were non-theistic. Why?
+98NS1HT3GDA-00060-00029500-00029922 Because Roman, Sumerian, Egyptian, and Greek mythology,
+98NS1HT3GDA-00061-00029969-00030354 or Norse Mythology for that matter, has many Divine beings and
+98NS1HT3GDA-00062-00030443-00030643 so does Buddhism.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00063-00030677-00031162 When we actually look within the Pali Canon, we encounter the Divine beings
+98NS1HT3GDA-00064-00031219-00031623 that come out of the Hindu Vedic tradition.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00065-00031666-00032079 Meaning, the tradition that comes from the Vedas, the holy scriptures of Hinduism.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00066-00032170-00032312 So to
+98NS1HT3GDA-00067-00032312-00032512 place a phrase like
+98NS1HT3GDA-00068-00032558-00033115 "non-theistic" on Buddhism, if I'm going to be just and honest, I'm actually gonna have to say well,
+98NS1HT3GDA-00069-00033137-00033564 if it's non-theistic because these people think that there's no ultimate Divine one God,
+98NS1HT3GDA-00070-00033619-00033996 but then I would actually have to call Greek mythology and Egyptian mythology
+98NS1HT3GDA-00071-00034163-00034452 non-theistic. So I really do believe that
+98NS1HT3GDA-00072-00034508-00035190 placing this term on Buddhism is itself just a distortion of actually what Buddhism is saying. So at the very least
+98NS1HT3GDA-00073-00035240-00035823 we would say that Buddhism is actually polytheistic, meaning it has many many gods;
+98NS1HT3GDA-00074-00035890-00036186 because in actual fact, as I think we will see
+98NS1HT3GDA-00075-00036269-00036729 Buddhism has more gods than Greek mythology, more gods
+98NS1HT3GDA-00076-00036796-00037371 than Sumerian mythology, and in some sense I would even suggest more divine beings
+98NS1HT3GDA-00077-00037409-00037609 than even Hinduism itself.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00078-00037661-00037861 And of course we're looking at
+98NS1HT3GDA-00079-00037909-00038118 Ultimate Reality within Buddhism and
+98NS1HT3GDA-00080-00038194-00038356 again it may seem striking
+98NS1HT3GDA-00081-00038356-00039084 but we will be seeing that there is, I believe a very clear conception of an Ultimate
+98NS1HT3GDA-00082-00039161-00039322 within the Buddhist tradition,
+98NS1HT3GDA-00083-00039322-00039897 and we'll see what that looks like. So before going into some of the Buddhist scriptures themselves, I
+98NS1HT3GDA-00084-00039955-00040346 believe there's a series of philosophical problems with presenting
+98NS1HT3GDA-00085-00040492-00040880 Buddhism as a non-theistic or atheistic tradition.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00086-00041011-00041252 One of those things is sort of related to
+98NS1HT3GDA-00087-00041317-00042023 The Western conception of Deism, the idea that well there might be an Ultimate Reality, but that Ultimate Reality
+98NS1HT3GDA-00088-00042091-00042773 is not concerned with human existence, is actually not an intervening Being, not a Being that relates to
+98NS1HT3GDA-00089-00042793-00043302 its creation in any direct way. More like if you will "the Grand Architect" or "the Mathematical Being"
+98NS1HT3GDA-00090-00043417-00043739 that is behind the laws of the universe and rationality.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00091-00043924-00044613 Why I find this untenable is because first of all just like the problem with deism itself,
+98NS1HT3GDA-00092-00044722-00045048 the question arises, well is there a Moral Code?
+98NS1HT3GDA-00093-00045103-00045717 Are there virtues or qualities that we refer to as virtues that actually have to be manifested, and
+98NS1HT3GDA-00094-00045766-00046413 if you will, exemplify within a human life, in order to ascend towards this Being, or to be of
+98NS1HT3GDA-00095-00046477-00046973 a greater fulfillment of our life? And I think the answer, both for the deists
+98NS1HT3GDA-00096-00047035-00047364 in the early modern philosophical era as well as within Buddhism,
+98NS1HT3GDA-00097-00047407-00047877 the answer is, yes. That we're supposed to see people as ends not as means,
+98NS1HT3GDA-00098-00047916-00048368 we're supposed to be just and honest and compassionate, we're supposed to
+98NS1HT3GDA-00099-00048436-00048879 see truth and duty and responsibility and sacrifice for the good of all.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00100-00048937-00049359 All these are represented with Buddhism and within a lot of deistic writings.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00101-00049441-00049857 But all those things have to do with how we treat each other;
+98NS1HT3GDA-00102-00049951-00050658 all those things have to do with how we relate to each other as human beings so that we can be in accord or
+98NS1HT3GDA-00103-00050680-00051441 congruent with the reality that we're supposed to be. Which means that the laws that we're looking at are directly related to
+98NS1HT3GDA-00104-00051466-00051977 human beings themselves. There are truths about human beings and how
+98NS1HT3GDA-00105-00052000-00052616 we should act within this world and these derive from, if you will, deism or in Buddhism
+98NS1HT3GDA-00106-00052664-00052904 from the Dharma. So if we are in any way
+98NS1HT3GDA-00107-00052962-00053198 beholden to the teachings of
+98NS1HT3GDA-00108-00053266-00053466 virtue and sacrifice
+98NS1HT3GDA-00109-00053514-00053828 then we have, what I would call like, an ontological ethic,
+98NS1HT3GDA-00110-00053899-00054128 something outside of us that we are actually
+98NS1HT3GDA-00111-00054180-00054953 beholden to, which seems to cause, I would suggest, very large philosophical problems for a complete
+98NS1HT3GDA-00112-00054993-00055289 "absentee landlord" conception of
+98NS1HT3GDA-00113-00055356-00056087 a say, law-like our mathematical principle behind the universe. This is what I would call "the problem of the Dharma" itself.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00114-00056124-00056879 Another aspect that comes up with relationship to Buddhism is the concept of a Bodhisattva.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00115-00056958-00057725 A Bodhisattva which does appear from the pages of the Pali Canon is a being who under the teachings of the Buddha,
+98NS1HT3GDA-00116-00057795-00058130 has ascended through a purification of themselves,
+98NS1HT3GDA-00117-00058344-00059108 of a disentanglement with this world, that an embodying of the principles of compassion and non-attachment.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00118-00059205-00059391 They reach a place
+98NS1HT3GDA-00119-00059391-00059819 where they are able to actually pass into the realm of Nirvana.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00120-00059862-00060566 They can finally leave the world of what's called Samsara, the realm of birth and rebirth of death and suffering,
+98NS1HT3GDA-00121-00060738-00061091 but they choose not to. And when they choose not to,
+98NS1HT3GDA-00122-00061158-00061718 they do so out of compassion for all other human beings, in fact all living things.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00123-00061782-00061982 Their entire
+98NS1HT3GDA-00124-00062052-00062579 focus is actually to ensure that they stay within the realm of suffering and within the realm of
+98NS1HT3GDA-00125-00062649-00063320 trials, in order to sacrifice themselves for the raising up of all beings and
+98NS1HT3GDA-00126-00063361-00063893 bringing them towards a true understanding of the Dharma. The Buddha Himself does this
+98NS1HT3GDA-00127-00063933-00064361 at the beginning of His mission. He is able immediately to pass into
+98NS1HT3GDA-00128-00064419-00064561 Nirvana,
+98NS1HT3GDA-00129-00064561-00064931 but He actually stays for the sake of those who might see.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00130-00065058-00065267 So the question would be I think,
+98NS1HT3GDA-00131-00065463-00065663 do the Bodhisattvas, who
+98NS1HT3GDA-00132-00065710-00066457 choose not to enter the realm of Nirvana, but rather to stay in this world and sacrifice out of love and compassion,
+98NS1HT3GDA-00133-00066557-00066990 do this in accord with what the Dharma really says?
+98NS1HT3GDA-00134-00067057-00067617 And I think when we look at the Buddhist scriptures, we have to agree that they do. That the Buddha,
+98NS1HT3GDA-00135-00067763-00068340 when He actually chooses to actually remain in this world although He can leave the realm of
+98NS1HT3GDA-00136-00068417-00069147 Samsara of aging sickness death and trial and suffering, He chooses to stay, in
+98NS1HT3GDA-00137-00069272-00069439 contrast to what
+98NS1HT3GDA-00138-00069439-00070113 Mara, this figure Mara tells Him to do which is to release Himself from suffering because no one will listen,
+98NS1HT3GDA-00139-00070144-00070689 that Mara really is the figure of, if you will Satan within the Buddhist Writings, because
+98NS1HT3GDA-00140-00070738-00071502 Mara tempts the Buddha telling Him not to stay, not to follow His compassion His sense of justice and love
+98NS1HT3GDA-00141-00071585-00072025 but rather to either pass into Nirvana to death in a sense,
+98NS1HT3GDA-00142-00072119-00072735 or to actually take money wealth and power. It's very much like the testing of
+98NS1HT3GDA-00143-00072818-00073377 Jesus by Satan in the Wilderness. So this section is a look at the Buddhist scriptures,
+98NS1HT3GDA-00144-00073523-00074287 and other scriptures, in the context of Baha'i texts. So looking at what say Abdul-Baha, Baha'u'llah, Shoghi Effendi,
+98NS1HT3GDA-00145-00074326-00074763 or the World Center might say, and taking a look at
+98NS1HT3GDA-00146-00074839-00075120 what is the nature and validity of the Buddhist scriptures?
+98NS1HT3GDA-00147-00075287-00075870 Oftentimes I have met friends of mine who actually think that the Buddhist scriptures are corrupted, or
+98NS1HT3GDA-00148-00075974-00076665 inauthentic, or unreliable, and we really want to take a look at this to examine some principles from the Baha'i Scriptures themselves.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00149-00076712-00077073 So this first scripture, or this first quotation is from Abdul-Baha.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00150-00081772-00082109 So just quickly several different scriptures are actually mentioned here.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00151-00082168-00082389 One of them being the books of the Buddha. That
+98NS1HT3GDA-00152-00082438-00083060 actually there are prophecies and foretellings and glad-tidings of a Day in these holy books,
+98NS1HT3GDA-00153-00083104-00083349 again one of them being the books of the Buddha.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00154-00083476-00083687 Secondly Shoghi Effendi
+98NS1HT3GDA-00155-00084586-00085257 So in the discussion of the Guardian Shoghi Effendi is having with an individual he's suggesting that someone look out
+98NS1HT3GDA-00156-00085294-00085665 sorry, seek out commentaries on the Buddhist scriptures.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00157-00085720-00085920 Ostensibly to actually help them
+98NS1HT3GDA-00158-00085993-00086379 understand what these scriptures say. Once again because they are a holy
+98NS1HT3GDA-00159-00086473-00086997 receptacle of writings. This is from the work One Common Faith, commissioned by the Universal House of Justice.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00160-00090604-00091364 So we actually have four dispensations actually represented here. The first is the Psalms which is from the Old Testament the Jewish scriptures,
+98NS1HT3GDA-00161-00091426-00091760 the Upanishads which we will be looking at in this study,
+98NS1HT3GDA-00162-00091801-00092393 but as well the words of Jesus and Buddha. That anyone who poses a question to Heaven
+98NS1HT3GDA-00163-00092449-00092857 to understand and to commune with their Creator can hear an answer
+98NS1HT3GDA-00164-00092920-00093501 from within the Upanishads, the Torah, the Buddhist scriptures, or the New Testament.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00165-00093563-00093924 So this next quote is actually from Baha'u'llah.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00166-00093925-00094164 Now it doesn't speak directly of Buddhist scriptures
+98NS1HT3GDA-00167-00094214-00094485 But it puts forward a principle,
+98NS1HT3GDA-00168-00094486-00095109 if you will, a covenantal principle, that we have to consider when assessing the validity of these former
+98NS1HT3GDA-00169-00095110-00095310 Holy books.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00170-00101320-00101520 This quote is
+98NS1HT3GDA-00171-00101537-00101877 responding to a claim we sometimes hear from the Islamic community,
+98NS1HT3GDA-00172-00101987-00102232 that the New Testament the Gospel itself
+98NS1HT3GDA-00173-00102289-00102492 is not in the hands of the Christians.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00174-00102544-00103095 That when Jesus Christ ascended up to Heaven, well His message ascended with him, and we have only
+98NS1HT3GDA-00175-00103142-00103440 faint and corrupted echoes of that message.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00176-00103514-00103714 Bahá'u'lláh here is saying this could not be,
+98NS1HT3GDA-00177-00103783-00103989 because this would imply that a
+98NS1HT3GDA-00178-00104039-00104733 secession of the grace of the source of all grace would have happened, and that the people of that
+98NS1HT3GDA-00179-00104782-00105324 day could not be held accountable for their acceptance or rejection of
+98NS1HT3GDA-00180-00105385-00105585 the message of the Prophet Muhammad.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00181-00105634-00106082 Now this a principle being put forward about the authenticity of the New Testament,
+98NS1HT3GDA-00182-00106203-00106562 because of its necessary authenticity of it.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00183-00106582-00106998 So that a person could find their Beloved in the person of the Prophet Muhammad.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00184-00107020-00107552 But this principle can be carried over. Are we to say that actually the
+98NS1HT3GDA-00185-00107652-00107852 teachings of the Buddha Himself
+98NS1HT3GDA-00186-00107862-00108263 actually were completely obscured, and we have lost them completely?
+98NS1HT3GDA-00187-00108429-00108848 Because I've heard this again in some conversations where, because there is a passage
+98NS1HT3GDA-00188-00108888-00109268 where Abdul-Baha says the teachings of the Buddha have been lost.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00189-00109353-00109997 But is there a different way to understand this that would not imply a cessation of Grace, that the promise made
+98NS1HT3GDA-00190-00110044-00110552 in these holy books as we saw previously of the glad tidings of the coming of the
+98NS1HT3GDA-00191-00110649-00110858 Buddha "the Great Buddha to come"
+98NS1HT3GDA-00192-00110973-00111165 could actually
+98NS1HT3GDA-00193-00111165-00111428 carry humanity within the Buddhist tradition
+98NS1HT3GDA-00194-00111472-00112098 to where they could recognize even for example Jesus or the Prophet Muhammad or the Báb and Baha'u'llah themselves.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00195-00112147-00112826 This next quote shed some light upon this question of the teachings being lost. This is from Abdul-Baha
+98NS1HT3GDA-00196-00116422-00117053 This is only the beginning of the quote but here it sounds, ok well, they originally came. Now Confucius is different,
+98NS1HT3GDA-00197-00117053-00117596 he renewed ancient customs and moral conduct, but the Buddha Himself
+98NS1HT3GDA-00198-00117654-00117854 brought a message to humanity,
+98NS1HT3GDA-00199-00117858-00118331 but that His teachings were lost His original precepts forgotten.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00200-00118428-00118703 Now if we consider the very next paragraph
+98NS1HT3GDA-00201-00118774-00119567 Abdul-Bahá says
+98NS1HT3GDA-00202-00123641-00124142 It's actually applied to Christianity, but that it's actually that these
+98NS1HT3GDA-00203-00124338-00124757 observances these original precepts have been lost among the people. And
+98NS1HT3GDA-00204-00124822-00125606 again, this is the paragraph immediately following He continues
+98NS1HT3GDA-00205-00136669-00137394 So here while the beginning it sounds as if well the original precepts of the Buddha were actually forgotten, it's immediately
+98NS1HT3GDA-00206-00137458-00138126 paralleled with the loss of the original spirit and the original teachings that were brought by Jesus Christ.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00207-00138190-00138807 It's not speaking of the scriptures themselves. It's saying that one, doctrinal innovations came in,
+98NS1HT3GDA-00208-00138838-00139188 that many of the ethical teachings themselves were actually forgotten,
+98NS1HT3GDA-00209-00139234-00139962 that we began to focus on rituals and even at times, go directly against some of the injunctions of the original message,
+98NS1HT3GDA-00210-00140038-00140822 to such a point where the Divine Gardener because this tree is no longer bearing fruit has planted a tree of
+98NS1HT3GDA-00211-00140857-00141651 the same kind within that garden, to once again bring fruit to humanity. So this next section is to actually address,
+98NS1HT3GDA-00212-00141841-00142176 an idea that is very prevalent often within Western Buddhism.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00213-00142255-00142494 Some people refer to as "the indeterminable".
+98NS1HT3GDA-00214-00142573-00142738 It is a
+98NS1HT3GDA-00215-00142738-00142938 real belief
+98NS1HT3GDA-00216-00142939-00143139 that the Buddha Himself
+98NS1HT3GDA-00217-00143224-00143657 wasn't interested in or eschewed or brushed-off discussions about
+98NS1HT3GDA-00218-00143689-00144422 the nature of Reality, or what's beyond this world, or the nature of the Buddha Himself or what He's like after death.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00219-00144550-00145326 The most famous one of these is actually a story about an arrow, where this individual gets actually shot with a poisoned arrow and
+98NS1HT3GDA-00220-00145375-00145807 someone comes up to actually pull it out and the individual says "well first
+98NS1HT3GDA-00221-00145808-00146324 I want to know like who what kind of poison it was and where the poison came from and who actually
+98NS1HT3GDA-00222-00146337-00146932 shot it and what was he like and what was his character?.." and the Buddha actually, and this is actually in
+98NS1HT3GDA-00223-00146988-00147177 in the Buddhist scriptures,
+98NS1HT3GDA-00224-00147177-00147357 says that this is
+98NS1HT3GDA-00225-00147357-00147884 really, folly. Because you just actually want the poison out because it's killing you, right.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00226-00147953-00148237 And this is taken generally to be a
+98NS1HT3GDA-00227-00148335-00148952 presentation that the Buddha had no interest in what was beyond, about different Realms of gods and other things. came from
+98NS1HT3GDA-00228-00149145-00149525 But I'm going to actually read a different passage that some of the more common ones used.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00229-00149544-00149885 So we're going to look at a quote from the Pali Canon itself on this topic.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00230-00179932-00180377 So here it seems that actually the Buddha is coming out against, on the surface,
+98NS1HT3GDA-00231-00180418-00181175 any speculations about the nature of the Tathagata, the Buddha after death, the nature of the self, where the world came from.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00232-00181252-00181452 But rather is giving the
+98NS1HT3GDA-00233-00181471-00182133 ff you will the noble truths, right. That life is suffering and that suffering can be ended. And the way to end suffering.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00234-00182164-00182372 And giving the four foundations of mindfulness.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00235-00182452-00182873 In addition there is another problem of we'll see that will come up shortly.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00236-00182874-00183255 But before this I wanted to read one passage from One Common Faith,
+98NS1HT3GDA-00237-00183316-00183516 work commissioned by the Universal House of Justice.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00238-00193667-00194334 But what honors them is the souls unconditioned surrender of its will to the transformative influence
+98NS1HT3GDA-00239-00194390-00194716 They mediate. This is what the Buddha is saying.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00240-00194780-00194980 Right above he's saying, in the end
+98NS1HT3GDA-00241-00195014-00195309 you have all these people wrangling within the Brahmin class
+98NS1HT3GDA-00242-00195371-00195691 derive from the thoughts birthed out of the Upanishads.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00243-00195704-00196219 They're all having these rancorous debates which He actually mentions, amongst themselves.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00244-00196238-00196446 And He says to them
+98NS1HT3GDA-00245-00196447-00197179 I have come here for the eradication of suffering. I have come here for the elevation of humanity for equanimity for peace
+98NS1HT3GDA-00246-00197219-00197667 for the development their transformative will, and He's saying in the end, it is
+98NS1HT3GDA-00247-00197693-00198094 for people to recognize that this is actually the medicine of the Divine Physician.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00248-00198152-00198394 This is the cultivation of the Divine Gardener,
+98NS1HT3GDA-00249-00198454-00198654 to embody it in their lives.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00250-00198824-00199560 so we don't disagree on this aspect which is an often called the indeterminables. At the same time when we actually look at
+98NS1HT3GDA-00251-00199610-00200172 the passage itself which seems to eschew and push off any of these kinds of speculations,
+98NS1HT3GDA-00252-00200276-00200869 one thing is He actually states that He holds different opinions on such matters.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00253-00200915-00201115 He has a higher
+98NS1HT3GDA-00254-00201134-00201474 exposition. That His conceptions are superior.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00255-00201497-00201783 And we're going to see this actually come up in the future,
+98NS1HT3GDA-00256-00201821-00202542 because He actually accuses many of these religious teachers of not knowing the True Path to the Divine, because
+98NS1HT3GDA-00257-00202613-00203041 they, in contrast to Him, have never been there.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00258-00203153-00203649 So if He's saying His views are a higher exposition, that they are superior,
+98NS1HT3GDA-00259-00203717-00204387 then He has these views. Then the problem of taking these kinds of quotes the way they generally are taken is
+98NS1HT3GDA-00260-00204422-00204622 because they make a
+98NS1HT3GDA-00261-00204701-00204976 serious problem for actual Buddhist scripture.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00262-00205016-00205731 Because the Buddha does talk about these things He actually does talk about what it is beyond this domain.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00263-00205739-00206370 He does talk about realms of divinity, about the passage through if you will, super-sensory realms.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00264-00206392-00207057 So we would have to.. To assume that this is all He means is just to put aside all these conversations.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00265-00207119-00207298 Those are religious conceptions.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00266-00207298-00207696 We're just here for the you know upliftment of humanity, and a simple
+98NS1HT3GDA-00267-00207725-00208363 philosophical concept, would be almost to put on blinders and refuse to look at vast tracts of a Buddhist scripture itself.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00268-00208409-00208716 There is another aspect of this that we can look at
+98NS1HT3GDA-00269-00208769-00209044 within the context of the Pali Canon, so we'll read it now.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00270-00218000-00218680 This is a very enigmatic passage because it sounds like the monk himself, one who has actually achieved his
+98NS1HT3GDA-00271-00218723-00219184 fullest state of liberation in this life and has achieved nirvana,
+98NS1HT3GDA-00272-00219308-00219637 himself doesn't know the answers to these questions.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00273-00219690-00219890 But at the very end of the passes he says
+98NS1HT3GDA-00274-00219932-00220513 To say that the monk does not know and does not see would be a wrong view and incorrect.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00275-00220577-00221344 In the middle is the answer because it says, as far as language in the range of language reaches, as far as
+98NS1HT3GDA-00276-00221423-00221764 understanding in the range of understanding reaches, that we're dealing with a
+98NS1HT3GDA-00277-00221871-00222556 worldview where the limits of human language understanding cannot express the real Reality
+98NS1HT3GDA-00278-00222605-00223123 of what the Buddha is after death, or what the real Reality of the soul is in the worlds beyond.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00279-00223208-00223603 Yet at the same time the Buddhist scriptures tell us of them.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00280-00223628-00224314 So what can we gather from this? This is very much like a talk by Abdul-Baha in Some Answer Questions, where He talks about
+98NS1HT3GDA-00281-00224373-00225051 intangible and tangible realities, where we cannot describe things that are so lofty and non-physical.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00282-00225085-00225296 So we put them if you will into
+98NS1HT3GDA-00283-00225379-00226175 symbol and metaphor and parable. So it's from such symbols and metaphors that we have to gain if you will a glimpse of
+98NS1HT3GDA-00284-00226210-00226410 really what is going on within the Buddhist scriptures.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00285-00226462-00226745 And we actually note here in verses 38 and 39
+98NS1HT3GDA-00286-00226798-00227301 of the passage quoted on determinables. The Buddha says, I do not admit their claims.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00287-00227389-00227542 Why not?
+98NS1HT3GDA-00288-00227542-00228252 Because different beings hold different opinions on such matters, nor do I consider such theories equal to my own,
+98NS1HT3GDA-00289-00228340-00228732 still less superior than His. So He in numerous places
+98NS1HT3GDA-00290-00228802-00229527 explains this Reality that is not born of speculation, the speculation of the Brahmin, or priestly caste.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00291-00229579-00229732 So this
+98NS1HT3GDA-00292-00229732-00230270 contrasts to what the Brahmins themselves are doing, which are like the passages above,
+98NS1HT3GDA-00293-00230344-00230765 putting invented human dogmas and in a sense by their
+98NS1HT3GDA-00294-00230842-00231473 wrangling and debating are actually losing the original precepts of the religion. Important to this concept
+98NS1HT3GDA-00295-00231550-00231750 is a
+98NS1HT3GDA-00296-00231760-00232265 doctrine within the Buddhist Writings that again is often misrepresented in the West.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00297-00232344-00232521 We often hear that
+98NS1HT3GDA-00298-00232521-00232940 the Buddha Himself was just a philosopher who sat down and figured this out,
+98NS1HT3GDA-00299-00232941-00233421 and then He shared what He figured out with the rest of the world.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00300-00233421-00233880 I want to read two quotes quickly from the Buddhist Writings, both from the Pali Canon
+98NS1HT3GDA-00301-00234064-00234483 Sariputta is actually a chief disciple of the Buddha
+98NS1HT3GDA-00302-00241150-00241436 The second quote again addressing Sariputta
+98NS1HT3GDA-00303-00244252-00244583 It's really the identical quote. There are many of these
+98NS1HT3GDA-00304-00244681-00245303 within the Buddhist scripture where the Buddha comes out very very very clearly and tells
+98NS1HT3GDA-00305-00245362-00245562 His followers in the world
+98NS1HT3GDA-00306-00245602-00245769 that it would be a
+98NS1HT3GDA-00307-00245769-00245908 grievous wrong
+98NS1HT3GDA-00308-00245908-00246234 to say of the Buddha that He had simply
+98NS1HT3GDA-00309-00246292-00246542 philosophically reasoned this out. So much so,
+98NS1HT3GDA-00310-00246601-00246927 again a different topic, that the individual would end up in Hell.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00311-00247096-00247592 Another aspect of Buddhism we often don't hear in the West. But here we have that the Buddha,
+98NS1HT3GDA-00312-00247708-00248025 contrary to the perspective as presented by the
+98NS1HT3GDA-00313-00248062-00248717 Brahmin or priestly class of Hinduism, in their speculative reasoning and arguing and debate, the Buddha is saying,
+98NS1HT3GDA-00314-00248788-00249150 No, He is not coming here with a speculative
+98NS1HT3GDA-00315-00249244-00249605 philosophical inquiry. He knows this by direct Knowledge.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00316-00249631-00250191 Not through the faculty of reason. We see this part clearly because the Buddha says
+98NS1HT3GDA-00317-00250255-00250455 again to one of his disciples
+98NS1HT3GDA-00318-00254259-00254459 So does the Buddha
+98NS1HT3GDA-00319-00254515-00255144 understand by hammering out His doctrine by reasoning? No, we're told here that He understands it through direct knowledge.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00320-00255198-00255566 Of course He says that He teaches it in a convincing manner,
+98NS1HT3GDA-00321-00255613-00256058 that which is hammered out through reasoning, to help other people understand it.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00322-00256058-00256553 But is not how He has actually gained the knowledge that he shared. So this next section
+98NS1HT3GDA-00323-00256554-00256877 I called Gods Abound ,meaning there are gods everywhere.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00324-00257014-00257721 Again the peculiarity of calling Buddhism a non-theistic religion will really really come out here. Why?
+98NS1HT3GDA-00325-00257788-00258327 Generally because I don't know of many religions that have any more gods than Buddhism.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00326-00258367-00258938 If you will, the cosmology, the layers of reality and the divine beings that make it up, is extremely
+98NS1HT3GDA-00327-00259021-00259340 extensive in Buddhism, and often times so extensive
+98NS1HT3GDA-00328-00259341-00259977 it's very difficult to keep a handle on. We also have several of the passages that you'll see within this study
+98NS1HT3GDA-00329-00260014-00260435 where there are Divine figures and Beings that even the
+98NS1HT3GDA-00330-00260448-00261011 commentators and the translators of these texts don't even know who the Buddha is talking about. So they expand even Beyond
+98NS1HT3GDA-00331-00261073-00261681 if you will, Divine Beings and Realities that we can sort of trace within the Hindu Pantheon itself.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00332-00261748-00261909 So here we go
+98NS1HT3GDA-00333-00270264-00270624 We will actually see that there are different Realms.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00334-00270920-00271296 or bases, as they're called within the Hindu cosmology.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00335-00271296-00271496 Called the Base of Infinite Space.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00336-00271496-00271584 Or the Base of Infinite Consciousness
+98NS1HT3GDA-00337-00272004-00272704 These are often called the Janas. And the fourth Jana, that when an individual has reached this place, he dwells with Deities.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00338-00272755-00273398 Gods, and actually converses with them. And that's an entirely pleasant world in and of itself.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00339-00273523-00273746 Simple point being, there's lots of Deities.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00340-00273814-00274215 This next quote I called an endless refrain of homage.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00341-00274372-00274688 Because this is actually throughout the Pali Canon
+98NS1HT3GDA-00342-00274789-00274989 really occurs hundreds of times.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00343-00275059-00275657 It is a declaration of or eulogy of the person of the Buddha, and it reads
+98NS1HT3GDA-00344-00282577-00283394 Constant unity. A refrain that we hear in Sutra after Sutra after Sutra of the Pali Canon whenever the beauty of the Blessed One
+98NS1HT3GDA-00345-00283423-00284087 The Lord Buddha, is actually declared. And it says He is a teacher of Gods and humans.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00346-00284157-00284357 He declares this world
+98NS1HT3GDA-00347-00284467-00284742 with Gods Maras and Brahmas.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00348-00284784-00285416 These are different classes of divine Beings. The Mara itself being of a negative quality.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00349-00285477-00285716 But these are beings that
+98NS1HT3GDA-00350-00285780-00286499 are Deities, that are Gods. So to say that there are is no Gods within Buddhism would be a very very peculiar notion.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00351-00286567-00287067 But He also says in here that He has realized again with that direct knowledge
+98NS1HT3GDA-00352-00287067-00287799 we just saw, all the realities of this world in the state of it, as if a Divine Physician in
+98NS1HT3GDA-00353-00287821-00288341 Himself. From that, reveals a holy life perfect and pure for this time.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00354-00288402-00288602 This next quote I just
+98NS1HT3GDA-00355-00288619-00288753 termed
+98NS1HT3GDA-00356-00288753-00289016 multiple exhaustive God realms, because
+98NS1HT3GDA-00357-00289080-00289532 we here begin to see really how full the actual Buddhist
+98NS1HT3GDA-00358-00289627-00290255 cosmological picture of Divine Beings is. And I will apologize from here on forward for my inappropriate
+98NS1HT3GDA-00359-00290377-00290630 pronunciation of Hindu terms or Pali terms.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00360-00320864-00321002 So in this quote
+98NS1HT3GDA-00361-00321002-00321717 Sariputta, which is the chief disciple of the Buddha is showing a Brahmin, a member of the priestly caste of the Hindu Faith,
+98NS1HT3GDA-00362-00321779-00321979 the way to Brahma.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00363-00322049-00322354 He knows that he can actually bring him further
+98NS1HT3GDA-00364-00322435-00322635 than the realm of Brahma.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00365-00322636-00322836 But he tells them that he himself
+98NS1HT3GDA-00366-00322868-00323455 can communicate to a the Brahmin Daninjani how he can achieve his highest goal.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00367-00323480-00323784 Which is union with Brahma in the Brahma world.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00368-00323840-00324162 Hence there is a Brahma. Because the Buddha then says
+98NS1HT3GDA-00369-00324200-00324666 The Brahmin Daninjani has verily appeared in the Brahma world.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00370-00324736-00325209 But also prior to that, we see all of these different Gods in ascending order.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00371-00325231-00325638 We had the four great Kings, the Gods of the Thirty-three, the Yama Gods,
+98NS1HT3GDA-00372-00325667-00325975 the Gods of the tusita heaven, the Gods who delight in creating,
+98NS1HT3GDA-00373-00326024-00326524 the Gods who will power over others' creations, and then the world of Brahma.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00374-00326663-00326961 So in this sense, we actually have an extremely full
+98NS1HT3GDA-00375-00327029-00327160 Cosmology.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00376-00327160-00327405 An extremely full Pantheon of Divine Beings.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00377-00327500-00327880 But Sariputta here could have led him higher.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00378-00327980-00328180 He did not teach him everything.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00379-00328210-00328791 But even the path that actually Sariputta gives to the Brahim Daninjani is
+98NS1HT3GDA-00380-00328841-00329050 about creating with him an
+98NS1HT3GDA-00381-00329144-00329395 all-pervading feeling and consciousness of
+98NS1HT3GDA-00382-00329498-00329698 loving-kindness and compassion
+98NS1HT3GDA-00383-00329720-00329920 for everything in the world.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00384-00329951-00330151 This again is the Dharma.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00385-00330184-00330723 This is the Dharma that the Buddha has come to action communicate to humanity.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00386-00330734-00331155 This is what in order for a person to ascend into Nirvana
+98NS1HT3GDA-00387-00331156-00331882 they actually have to do. This to at least get past the Brahma world. Hence once again, we have this "problem of the Dharma"
+98NS1HT3GDA-00388-00331949-00332455 being loving-kindness, its laws in this cosmos are loving-kindness and compassion,
+98NS1HT3GDA-00389-00332540-00333244 and if we look at the Buddhist ethic honesty and justice and humility and forgiveness and
+98NS1HT3GDA-00390-00333317-00333535 detachment. This next passage
+98NS1HT3GDA-00391-00333599-00333934 relates to the seven stations of consciousness, and their Devas.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00392-00334013-00334567 This is here where we'll begin to see the Bases come in. We're gonna have two texts on the Bases
+98NS1HT3GDA-00393-00334580-00335073 which is the highest, most of the highest orders of the Buddhist cosmology.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00394-00335126-00335431 And we'll see here in that there are Entities in them.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00395-00335513-00335908 It quotes. Again Ananda is one of the chief disciples of the Buddha
+98NS1HT3GDA-00396-00346744-00347400 So what we see, as enigmatic as some of these structures might seem to those not familiar with Buddhist scripture,
+98NS1HT3GDA-00397-00347416-00347949 what we see is there are all of these Realms which come up to these different Spheres. The Spheres of
+98NS1HT3GDA-00398-00348036-00348611 Infinite space, the Sphere of Infinite Consciousness, the Sphere of Nothingness,
+98NS1HT3GDA-00399-00348660-00348881 and the Sphere of Neither Perception nor Non-perception.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00400-00349000-00349241 But that within these there are Beings,
+98NS1HT3GDA-00401-00349383-00349817 Entities that abide within those Realms. And remember these are all above
+98NS1HT3GDA-00402-00349857-00350534 Those who've united with Brahma who have attained the first Jana, the first of these four Bases itself.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00403-00350698-00350921 Another quick text on the bases itself
+98NS1HT3GDA-00404-00351019-00351219 Again the Buddha speaking to Udayin
+98NS1HT3GDA-00405-00364318-00364466 So here again, we
+98NS1HT3GDA-00406-00364466-00364773 encounter the different bases, the base of infinite space
+98NS1HT3GDA-00407-00364880-00365680 consciousness, the base of nothingness, the base of neither perception nor non perception, and then again this complete cessation
+98NS1HT3GDA-00408-00365714-00365840 Nirvana.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00409-00365840-00366111 But in each of these cases
+98NS1HT3GDA-00410-00366173-00366577 the individual themselves enters and abides within this Realm.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00411-00366611-00367015 These realms which are all above the other Realms that we've looked at, and
+98NS1HT3GDA-00412-00367085-00367285 themselves come to be
+98NS1HT3GDA-00413-00367289-00367893 increasingly more imperceptible and difficult to talk about. And this is what the Buddha is actually sharing
+98NS1HT3GDA-00414-00367922-00368263 with if you will the Upanishadic world, the Vedantic
+98NS1HT3GDA-00415-00368297-00368950 Philosophical world, the Hindu world that he's actually coming to. In each of these realms, He's actually placing as
+98NS1HT3GDA-00416-00369032-00369280 Above the Vedic Pantheon, above the
+98NS1HT3GDA-00417-00369330-00369471 Beings that the average
+98NS1HT3GDA-00418-00369532-00370332 Hindu would actually see as being the Realities that they're actually praising, eulogizing, one of which is Brahma.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00419-00370397-00370989 So we see that actually the if you will the world of Buddhism is actually highly populated by Divine Beings.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00420-00371039-00371961 We'll now see actually how each and every one of these beings is within the Pali canon now going to be subordinated to the Buddha Himself.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00421-00372157-00372357 Buddha in essence is above the Gods.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00422-00381269-00381561 So here almost the entire cosmology of the
+98NS1HT3GDA-00423-00381561-00381652 Buddhist world
+98NS1HT3GDA-00424-00381752-00382516 including the Vedic Gods, a point I haven't mentioned, usually it's understood that the Gods of the 33 are actually the Gods
+98NS1HT3GDA-00425-00382608-00382835 named within the Vedas themselves.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00426-00382886-00383197 These Gods with many other Gods above Them are all
+98NS1HT3GDA-00427-00383229-00383716 praising the joy and the honor of the people of the Vajya, this area this city,
+98NS1HT3GDA-00428-00383784-00384169 because the Buddha and three of His disciples are among them.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00429-00384189-00384683 We again will see another highly populated cosmology, all subordinate to the Buddha.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00430-00410147-00410347 We again have this
+98NS1HT3GDA-00431-00410354-00411489 extremely filled Cosmos. Brahmas of five thousand worlds, or ten thousand worlds. And I actually jumped one section of it that continues to list greater degrees of Divine Beings
+98NS1HT3GDA-00432-00411539-00412161 And then continues through another ascending arc to it again reaches the base of infinite space of infinite consciousness
+98NS1HT3GDA-00433-00412175-00412450 of nothingness of neither perception nor non-perception
+98NS1HT3GDA-00434-00412625-00413110 All of these are the strivings of all entities within the realms of being.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00435-00413158-00413766 And it's only one that actually reaches to the path of Nirvana that the Buddha has actually brought,
+98NS1HT3GDA-00436-00413804-00414249 where truly it is the reality of the Buddha that resides
+98NS1HT3GDA-00437-00414335-00414562 that one can finally be free.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00438-00414617-00414970 But this is above not only the Vedic Gods
+98NS1HT3GDA-00439-00415022-00415597 but if any imaginably known mention divine being all
+98NS1HT3GDA-00440-00415637-00415908 subordinate to the Reality and Truth of the Buddha Himself.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00441-00416075-00416364 This here is another longer quote
+98NS1HT3GDA-00442-00416575-00416775 from the Pali Canon
+98NS1HT3GDA-00443-00441254-00441904 So in this passage we have so many aspects of Buddhism come to the fore that we often don't see within the West.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00444-00441971-00442197 And I think it's important to say that at this point
+98NS1HT3GDA-00445-00442264-00442807 the rumor that "the Buddha was agnostic" should just be permanently laid to rest.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00446-00442913-00443553 There are endless Divine Beings and there are endless Divine Realms and some which are so super-sensible
+98NS1HT3GDA-00447-00443609-00443850 inaccessible, because of the limits of language,
+98NS1HT3GDA-00448-00443876-00444526 the limits of human thought, that we can only get a better sketch of them. Yet in this passage we actually have the Buddha
+98NS1HT3GDA-00449-00444596-00445102 descending. That He was not born here as a man, but He actually descended from the realms above.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00450-00445222-00445828 In addition to descending from the realms above, His splendor His radiance and His light
+98NS1HT3GDA-00451-00445934-00446151 exceeds all the other Gods
+98NS1HT3GDA-00452-00446246-00446393 in totality.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00453-00446393-00446707 Not only this, but when He descends into this world He
+98NS1HT3GDA-00454-00446825-00447318 is born actually immaculately, is actually born of a virgin birth.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00455-00447413-00448134 In addition to that, when He enters this world the light of His radiance the light of Dharma shining out from Him
+98NS1HT3GDA-00456-00448187-00448482 fills all of the realms of darkness
+98NS1HT3GDA-00457-00448530-00449079 the gloomy and abysmal and dark realms, and fills them with light. The place where no other light can reach
+98NS1HT3GDA-00458-00449104-00449460 so that people can finally see that they're not alone in these realms.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00459-00449530-00449735 We see this again actually in further
+98NS1HT3GDA-00460-00449800-00450077 Sutras of the Pali Canon where the Buddha then actually
+98NS1HT3GDA-00461-00450085-00450683 proclaims His message to the world and the same image is actually used. Where all the
+98NS1HT3GDA-00462-00450706-00451164 ten thousandfold World systems, all of creation is filled with light.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00463-00451210-00451622 Far beyond that of any of the God-Denizens of this entire realm.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00464-00451768-00451968 He declares Himself to be the best,
+98NS1HT3GDA-00465-00452008-00452654 the foremost among all beings, the highest and the summation of creation, the Lord of the Dharma.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00466-00452803-00452910 Really,
+98NS1HT3GDA-00467-00452910-00453660 whatever conceptions of Divinity that could be found within the Hindu Vedic Pantheon, within the
+98NS1HT3GDA-00468-00453693-00454302 philosophical systems of Upanishadic and Brahmanic thought are here transcended by one figure,
+98NS1HT3GDA-00469-00454354-00455049 The Buddha. This next quote is about thousands of Deities and they attained to an immaculate vision of the Dharma.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00470-00462803-00463342 We find this theme actually arise again in many many Sutras of the Pali Canon
+98NS1HT3GDA-00471-00463430-00463914 where not only does the radiance of the Buddha actually eclipse the radiance of all these Divine Beings,
+98NS1HT3GDA-00472-00463993-00464358 but they actually want to know what He has to teach.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00473-00464375-00465075 They come if you will unseen by those of us in this world to listen to the
+98NS1HT3GDA-00474-00465121-00465804 proclamation and the exposition of the Dharma to His disciples; and they themselves learn from the Buddha.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00475-00465896-00466096 Another quote
+98NS1HT3GDA-00476-00472642-00472968 This is often, Sokka's often seen as Indra
+98NS1HT3GDA-00477-00504110-00504568 So what do we have in this picture? We have a monk who is seeking to understand
+98NS1HT3GDA-00478-00504638-00504807 where in a sense,
+98NS1HT3GDA-00479-00504807-00504968 materiality
+98NS1HT3GDA-00480-00504968-00505573 comes to an end or the experience of body, the experience of spatial dimensions etc,
+98NS1HT3GDA-00481-00505626-00506267 comes to an end. And in the story he again ascends through all of these domains
+98NS1HT3GDA-00482-00506379-00506725 asking and asking each of the denizens of these realms,
+98NS1HT3GDA-00483-00506789-00506989 where this comes to an end.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00484-00507063-00507854 Finally he comes to the realm of Brahma the highest realm that he can find and think of, and he comes before Brahma and
+98NS1HT3GDA-00485-00507882-00508300 asks Him this question, and it's here we get sort of a sense of how
+98NS1HT3GDA-00486-00508373-00508825 difficult Buddhism would have been for a Hindu mind. Why?
+98NS1HT3GDA-00487-00508971-00509306 Because when the monk asks Brahma,
+98NS1HT3GDA-00488-00509433-00509800 which we've seen many of the Brahmins are trying to attain this world,
+98NS1HT3GDA-00489-00509835-00510547 which the Buddha already puts worlds and worlds and worlds beyond, and says basically that He Himself is
+98NS1HT3GDA-00490-00510600-00510865 infinitely superior to Brahma.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00491-00511010-00511663 Brahma then actually answers that He knows everything, is all-seeing, has created everything, and
+98NS1HT3GDA-00492-00511692-00512002 the monk four times asks Him the same question.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00493-00512093-00512752 Brahman then kind of tucks him away over to the side and confides in him that He doesn't know,
+98NS1HT3GDA-00494-00512862-00513287 that He wanted to save face in front of His retinue, and
+98NS1HT3GDA-00495-00513378-00513617 that the monk had made a horrible mistake.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00496-00513735-00514387 Because he left the company of the Buddha, when of course the Buddha knows what he does not.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00497-00514491-00514774 So the apex of a Hindu cosmology,
+98NS1HT3GDA-00498-00514866-00515447 because we've already passed Sokka who is Indra, he passed the 33 Gods which would be like Varuna
+98NS1HT3GDA-00499-00515502-00515649 Agni, Vayu
+98NS1HT3GDA-00500-00515649-00515838 all these Divine Beings,
+98NS1HT3GDA-00501-00515838-00516617 we've surrounded all of them and Buddhism puts this one figure Brahma the Creator at the pinnacle and says even He can actually
+98NS1HT3GDA-00502-00516753-00517525 Himself have an ego, and can actually in order to save face hide His ignorance from His followers and
+98NS1HT3GDA-00503-00517560-00518158 He knows that there is a Being in this domain of all the world systems of
+98NS1HT3GDA-00504-00518205-00518744 reality Who is His superior, who knows what He does not know, and that is the Buddha.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00505-00518744-00518891 We have to note that as
+98NS1HT3GDA-00506-00519018-00519430 extremely populated and seemingly polytheistic that Buddhism is,
+98NS1HT3GDA-00507-00519537-00519820 and Hinduism itself seems to be, on the surface,
+98NS1HT3GDA-00508-00519888-00520118 immediately we can actually see that there is a hierarchy.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00509-00520170-00520618 And in some sense for the Western mind these are more Angelic Entities.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00510-00520671-00521003 Beings who inhabit realms or worlds beyond this one.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00511-00521025-00521539 But even they actually have a hierarchy that seems to slowly come to a point. That
+98NS1HT3GDA-00512-00521616-00521849 in reality we, to this point
+98NS1HT3GDA-00513-00521849-00522322 we see there is one Entity, that actually stands above them all and
+98NS1HT3GDA-00514-00522342-00522636 that is the King of the Dharma, the Buddha.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00515-00522636-00522767 This is why as well
+98NS1HT3GDA-00516-00522864-00523453 that we see as I mentioned that Buddhism could have been so difficult for a Hindu mind.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00517-00523554-00524003 Because it seems to have actually de-elevated if you will,
+98NS1HT3GDA-00518-00524058-00524593 lowered the rank and standing of their Divine Beings by placing the Buddha above.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00519-00524667-00524975 We see similar themes in actually Christianity's
+98NS1HT3GDA-00520-00525027-00525670 relationship to Judaism, or Islam to Christianity. Where on the surface it seems to have reduced.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00521-00525723-00526039 We will see however, because we're going to look at some Hindu texts,
+98NS1HT3GDA-00522-00526053-00526456 that I believe very much, that the Buddha is actually making a claim
+98NS1HT3GDA-00523-00526518-00526718 to what He is,
+98NS1HT3GDA-00524-00526749-00527269 that a Hindu from their own scriptures could fully understand. Another quote
+98NS1HT3GDA-00525-00536642-00536804 In this story
+98NS1HT3GDA-00526-00536804-00537492 from the Mahaparinirvana Sutra is actually just before the Buddha dies, before He leaves His earthly frame.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00527-00537598-00538329 And we see that the entire domain, anything you could possibly see from the vision of the Buddha is
+98NS1HT3GDA-00528-00538415-00539196 jam-packed with Divine Beings, all coming to just actually capture a glimpse of the Buddha.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00529-00539288-00539683 Some of them with lesser understanding are actually tearing their clothes,
+98NS1HT3GDA-00530-00539759-00539888 throwing themselves
+98NS1HT3GDA-00531-00539888-00540029 on the ground,
+98NS1HT3GDA-00532-00540029-00540585 crying and moaning and groaning and just because they want to see the Buddha
+98NS1HT3GDA-00533-00540643-00540880 Before he leaves the world systems
+98NS1HT3GDA-00534-00540932-00541130 where all the elements
+98NS1HT3GDA-00535-00541130-00541247 abide.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00536-00541247-00541409 Because He is
+98NS1HT3GDA-00537-00541409-00542086 released here in this Sutra itself, He will be released from His dispensation within this world.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00538-00542132-00542692 And all of these are actually just trying to see the Lord before He actually leaves.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00539-00542741-00543082 Again all of the Divine Beings, below
+98NS1HT3GDA-00540-00543173-00543314 the Buddha.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00541-00543314-00543628 So I'm here going to read in quite long passage and
+98NS1HT3GDA-00542-00543803-00544422 this passage shows that really all Divine Beings, including all of the Vedic Entities themselves
+98NS1HT3GDA-00543-00544496-00544720 adore the Buddha, worship the Buddha,
+98NS1HT3GDA-00544-00544766-00545320 praise the Buddha, and come to see Him. And there are many Entities in here, as I've alluded to previously,
+98NS1HT3GDA-00545-00545369-00545761 that actually we've never even heard of. We don't even know who they are.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00546-00545846-00546556 The general gist being, that all of the Divine realm, all of the world systems, come to praise the Buddha.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00547-00611265-00611564 So in part, I apologized for the length of this quote.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00548-00611719-00612359 It's a very long part of a Buddhist Sutra, the mighty gathering, it's called.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00549-00612490-00612707 I chose it specifically because it so
+98NS1HT3GDA-00550-00612778-00612978 profoundly illustrates
+98NS1HT3GDA-00551-00613026-00613448 how the Pali Canon, the most ancient Buddhist scriptures we know,
+98NS1HT3GDA-00552-00613582-00613946 represent the reality and the nature of the Buddha.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00553-00614076-00614306 In this mighty gathering,
+98NS1HT3GDA-00554-00614440-00614640 every God comes.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00555-00614782-00615500 Even those mythical Beings who fight, under the Buddha's words obtain a peace.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00556-00615588-00616175 Warring factions come and they're united in their loving adoration of the Buddha.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00557-00616347-00616754 In this Pantheon we see Brahma, Vishnu
+98NS1HT3GDA-00558-00616965-00617113 Vayu,
+98NS1HT3GDA-00559-00617113-00617540 Indra. We see the main chief Vedic Gods,
+98NS1HT3GDA-00560-00617605-00618263 and Beings far surpassing them all, coming to the Buddha just so they get to see Him.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00561-00618357-00619106 Because His appearance, or if you will the light that appears in the lamp that He is at this time,
+98NS1HT3GDA-00562-00619215-00619415 comes so rarely to the world.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00563-00619465-00619784 That it is the great joy, ultimate joy of any of these Beings
+98NS1HT3GDA-00564-00619846-00620193 to be present when the Buddha is here.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00565-00620302-00620458 We also see
+98NS1HT3GDA-00566-00620458-00621128 nearing the end of the story, that actually Mara, if you will clearly the Buddhist 'Satan',
+98NS1HT3GDA-00567-00621172-00621866 comes rushing forth with all his armies to actually conquer, because he's got all
+98NS1HT3GDA-00568-00621886-00622364 the Divine Beings, all of reality, that have come here
+98NS1HT3GDA-00569-00622387-00622962 to see the Buddha. And if you noted multiple times even just to get to see His monks,
+98NS1HT3GDA-00570-00622996-00623478 the ones who have actually truly embodied His teachings, they even want to see just them.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00571-00623533-00624020 Mara rushes forward to conquer them with ego, with lust, and pride.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00572-00624139-00624539 But is suddenly thwarted as he's coming up. By who?
+98NS1HT3GDA-00573-00624646-00625239 By the light of the Buddha. They are protected by the Dharma, the Buddha's teachings.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00574-00625330-00625536 Really in essence, who the Buddha is.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00575-00625588-00626190 There is I think if we really look at this quote and again many other quotes within the Pali Canon,
+98NS1HT3GDA-00576-00626248-00626547 there is one Supreme Ruler of
+98NS1HT3GDA-00577-00626596-00627360 all of the cosmos, in any way shape or form, that we could ever know, and it's the Buddha.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00578-00627439-00627818 There is a question as to what the Buddha is, I do want to read one quote here.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00579-00636991-00637279 In this passage, the Buddha clearly states
+98NS1HT3GDA-00580-00637279-00637643 when He has actually appeared in any of the realms of creation
+98NS1HT3GDA-00581-00637660-00638189 all the way up to the realm of Brahma's retinue and any of the domains of these world systems,
+98NS1HT3GDA-00582-00638290-00638825 He appears as if He is one of the denizens of that domain.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00583-00638917-00639581 So that they don't know if He is one like them a man, or a Deva
+98NS1HT3GDA-00584-00639646-00639769 above them.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00585-00639769-00640458 Because even in the case of Him being in the realm of Brahma. They're asking is he a man or a Deva?
+98NS1HT3GDA-00586-00640570-00640860 From their frame of reference being, is this figure
+98NS1HT3GDA-00587-00640924-00641465 one of us or is He something beyond? And in the case that
+98NS1HT3GDA-00588-00641536-00642219 we're seeing here, in each case, He is revealing to them truth. He is obviously their superior.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00589-00642277-00642477 Buddha is Dharma
+98NS1HT3GDA-00590-00642505-00642705 the deathless the all-knowing.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00591-00650013-00650213 This quote is saying very clearly
+98NS1HT3GDA-00592-00650348-00650782 the Buddha is not just revealing the Dharma. He is the dharma.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00593-00650897-00651370 He is the door to the deathless, a refrain we find within the Pali scriptures.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00594-00651453-00651842 That it is His very Self that is actually revealing that deathless
+98NS1HT3GDA-00595-00651888-00652450 reality, that ever abiding ever living entity, that actually is beyond.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00596-00652515-00652957 That it is in the approach towards, that we actually reach Nirvana.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00597-00653123-00653758 That He is said to be the sayer, the proclaimer, the elucidater of all meaning. In essence the Buddha
+98NS1HT3GDA-00598-00653822-00654022 is the Dharma.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00599-00654026-00654226 He is the Word.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00600-00654272-00654631 He is the expression of Truth, the voicing of
+98NS1HT3GDA-00601-00654722-00655108 the deathless, the ever abiding one. He is
+98NS1HT3GDA-00602-00655247-00655768 really and truly "the Word made flesh" that we see in the beginning of the Gospel of John.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00603-00655844-00656482 Even the previous quote where we're actually looking at the question of whether He was a Deva or a man, even in the highest of realms
+98NS1HT3GDA-00604-00656549-00657019 It is like within the Qur'an it says, "were We would to have sent you an Angel,
+98NS1HT3GDA-00605-00657019-00657262 We would have made him appear as a man."
+98NS1HT3GDA-00606-00657378-00658009 This concept of the Divine Being, the deathless the other abiding, the Dharma, the truth
+98NS1HT3GDA-00607-00658049-00658714 is that which reveals itself into humankind in the forms of theBbeings that He comes to
+98NS1HT3GDA-00608-00658830-00659042 while His form is itself
+98NS1HT3GDA-00609-00659121-00659775 An embodiment of their form, so they can have this question of, is He one of us or is He something much greater,
+98NS1HT3GDA-00610-00659828-00660329 is the vehicle of the Dharma. Thus He is the King of the Dharma.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00611-00660329-00660481 So a further quote
+98NS1HT3GDA-00612-00668762-00669384 The Buddha here is saying He is the knower of all, the One that is truly pure, that no one like Him
+98NS1HT3GDA-00613-00669413-00669712 exists in all of the worlds with all of his gods.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00614-00669748-00670284 That He has no person who is His counterpart, was not taught by anyone, and that
+98NS1HT3GDA-00615-00670316-00670746 He is the teacher supreme, who goes to beat the drum of the deathless again.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00616-00670859-00671652 Once again reading this we see that the Buddha is explicitly placing Himself above all other entities. That He is the pinnacle of creation.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00617-00671716-00672241 And that there is no one else like Him, and no other teacher that can truly teach. And this
+98NS1HT3GDA-00618-00672317-00672892 demonstrates once again, the station the Buddha is claiming, as well as, if you will,
+98NS1HT3GDA-00619-00672920-00673261 the exclusivist nature of Buddhism, which we will look at in another video.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00620-00686398-00686955 So the Buddha here is saying that all things of the past, all things that are factual, things that are
+98NS1HT3GDA-00621-00686977-00687693 advantageous to humanity, all things that are virtuous, He actually has full awareness of. And that He Himself
+98NS1HT3GDA-00622-00687760-00688134 above all Devas, all Mara's, all Entities,
+98NS1HT3GDA-00623-00688134-00688520 He actually stands, again, at the very pinnacle of this.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00624-00688564-00689243 We also see as well that He's saying that He is the ruler of all, and the seer, and knower of all, that is
+98NS1HT3GDA-00625-00689341-00689730 basically a principle of ultimate sovereignty of ultimate power and
+98NS1HT3GDA-00626-00689818-00690588 omniscient; able to know all things that are factual, all related to 'the good', 'the true', and 'the beautiful'. And again the same refrain
+98NS1HT3GDA-00627-00698867-00699348 Here the Buddha's actually extolling Sariputta, but what does He tell us
+98NS1HT3GDA-00628-00699434-00700059 about the nature of Sariputta and his relationship to the Buddha? We hear that he is the Son of
+98NS1HT3GDA-00629-00700132-00700350 the Buddha, obviously not the physical son.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00630-00700432-00700746 That he is born of His mouth, and born of His Dharma,
+98NS1HT3GDA-00631-00700861-00701406 created by the Dharma, that the reality that really truly is Sariputta is
+98NS1HT3GDA-00632-00701561-00701761 coming from the Buddha Himself.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00633-00701786-00702265 That it's the Dharma that has given birth to Sariputta, and the Dharma
+98NS1HT3GDA-00634-00702265-00702715 we've just recently seen, is actually equated identically with the Buddha Himself.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00635-00702782-00702903 He is the Dharma.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00636-00702903-00703011 He is knowledge.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00637-00703011-00703800 And he is a child of the Buddha. Again a conception very very close to notions that we actually see within the New Testament.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00638-00703826-00704113 He is born of the Word, right, himself.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00639-00704186-00704619 That this Being that we're seeing within the Buddhist scriptures is so
+98NS1HT3GDA-00640-00704713-00705432 extremely distant from the notion of just being "a philosopher", or someone who hammered out by reason the realities of truth.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00641-00705455-00705669 This is a Being that stands
+98NS1HT3GDA-00642-00705721-00706419 superior to all of the Devas, Brahmas, and any Radiant Being that can be seen within
+98NS1HT3GDA-00643-00706459-00706989 reality. This figure Sariputta, within the Pali Canon is very reminiscent of Abdul-Bahá,
+98NS1HT3GDA-00644-00707048-00707400 one who is the full reflection and the full expression of
+98NS1HT3GDA-00645-00707453-00707790 the law of the Buddha Himself, of His Dharma.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00646-00707824-00708516 Just as we know that Abdul-Bahá is the perfect exemplar, and is really "born out of the Ocean of pre-existence,
+98NS1HT3GDA-00647-00708563-00708801 begotten by Baha" or Baha'u'llah.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00648-00715954-00716463 Right all those that have actually followed the Dharma, the law and the teachings of the Buddha
+98NS1HT3GDA-00649-00716491-00716774 can claim to be his true sons.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00650-00716887-00717251 That they have been born or if you will born-again
+98NS1HT3GDA-00651-00717328-00718017 through the Dharma, and in essence are created by the Dharma, that they themselves can
+98NS1HT3GDA-00652-00718072-00718680 say this. Why? Because the Buddha is actually saying here, because the Tathagata the Buddha Himself is
+98NS1HT3GDA-00653-00718732-00719261 the body of the Dharma. He is the body of Brahma, here
+98NS1HT3GDA-00654-00719262-00719736 it says. And even within the Pali notes, it stated that this is being presented
+98NS1HT3GDA-00655-00719842-00720227 because He is the highest that anything in creation can encounter.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00656-00720271-00720884 Not Brahma of the Vedic scriptures or the pantheon itself, but rather
+98NS1HT3GDA-00657-00720943-00721551 He Himself is the greatest embodiment of what someone sees within the concept of Brahma.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00658-00721599-00721863 This term "the body of the Dharma"
+98NS1HT3GDA-00659-00721987-00722238 actually again within the notes within the Pali Canon is
+98NS1HT3GDA-00660-00722377-00722910 referencing a concept of the Trikaya doctrine, the three bodies of the Buddha. Where the Buddha Himself
+98NS1HT3GDA-00661-00722995-00723753 what we see here on Earth is His physical form or His Rupakaya, literally His material body.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00662-00723796-00724277 But that Being that we know of as the Buddha, actually has a celestial body
+98NS1HT3GDA-00663-00724330-00725086 which is itself if you will, the lamp that carries the light of the Dharma, the Dharmakaya or the body of the Dharma.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00664-00725108-00725308 The concept of the Buddha
+98NS1HT3GDA-00665-00725327-00725710 within the Pali Scriptures and the Mahayana Scriptures is
+98NS1HT3GDA-00666-00725753-00726261 represented as a Being who comes, if you will, in the station of servant, of
+98NS1HT3GDA-00667-00726308-00726733 messenger, and of if you will, the Word, the Logos or the concept of Lahut,
+98NS1HT3GDA-00668-00726764-00727339 the true Manifestation of God. This concept sounds, when one really begins to look at it,
+98NS1HT3GDA-00669-00727391-00727680 identical to what you would read within the New Testament,
+98NS1HT3GDA-00670-00727681-00728197 and is actually referenced within the Baha'i Writings on "the different voices of the manifestation of God".
+98NS1HT3GDA-00671-00728327-00728617 Another quote
+98NS1HT3GDA-00672-00739630-00740130 An individual who is saying that we must be willing to travel the expanse of the Earth
+98NS1HT3GDA-00673-00740194-00740526 to actually find the blessed Buddha Himself. And
+98NS1HT3GDA-00674-00740623-00740997 since He is in Nirvana or Nibana in the Pali scriptures,
+98NS1HT3GDA-00675-00741067-00741819 that he is willing to travel all the way through all the realms of God, all the way through the four gate great Kings, the
+98NS1HT3GDA-00676-00741819-00742257 the Gods of the Thirty-three, the Yama Gods. All the way up through these hierarchies to
+98NS1HT3GDA-00677-00742324-00742992 actually find the Buddha Himself. And he's expressing that in this world as taking refuge in that Celestial Buddha.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00678-00743059-00743823 This figure which contrary to what many people will often say, who is still the refuge and still the goal of
+98NS1HT3GDA-00679-00743872-00744525 the follower themselves, even though he is in Nirvana. So at this time we're actually going to move
+98NS1HT3GDA-00680-00744622-00744822 into some of the Upanishads,
+98NS1HT3GDA-00681-00744838-00745611 which are part of the Hindu scriptures. The reason why, is because I want to look with you at some texts from the Upanishads
+98NS1HT3GDA-00682-00745678-00746226 to see what was the cultural milieu in which the Buddha was speaking, and see how that actually relates
+98NS1HT3GDA-00683-00746257-00746390 to what the Buddha is saying
+98NS1HT3GDA-00684-00746390-00746802 in all of the quotes that we've seen above. And that take stock of how they relate to each other.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00685-00746965-00747477 So this first quote is actually from the Kena Upanishad. The Upanishads, a
+98NS1HT3GDA-00686-00747553-00747786 section of Hindu Scripture that are
+98NS1HT3GDA-00687-00747884-00748245 highly philosophical in some cases, but exquisitely beautiful.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00688-00756140-00756340 Though enigmatic
+98NS1HT3GDA-00689-00756362-00756787 this should make sense, if we actually look at Buddhist scripture, as well as Baha'i scripture.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00690-00756818-00757372 That really when it comes to truly describing or truly understanding the reality of
+98NS1HT3GDA-00691-00757412-00758124 God, or the Divine Beings, that we have reached the limits of knowledge, the limits of understanding.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00692-00758156-00758466 So there's an aspect where an individual has to
+98NS1HT3GDA-00693-00758525-00758797 admit that they cannot possibly describe this
+98NS1HT3GDA-00694-00758861-00759047 accurately.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00695-00759047-00759414 Here at the beginning of this Upanishad, it's saying it is only by recognizing the
+98NS1HT3GDA-00696-00759473-00760029 limits of our own knowledge, that we can come to truly know what it is. This sounds very Buddhist, because so much
+98NS1HT3GDA-00697-00760127-00760647 so many of the Buddhist scriptures, when they try to talk about Nirvana, or the Dharma or even the Buddha,
+98NS1HT3GDA-00698-00760748-00761404 they express that we're crashing against the limits of language, and the limits of our own understanding. At the same time
+98NS1HT3GDA-00699-00761435-00761635 we'll read the Upanishad, it continues.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00700-00769169-00769369 So in this story
+98NS1HT3GDA-00701-00769400-00769981 the Gods, here we've met Agni one of the Gods of the Vedas of the traditional scriptures of Hinduism.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00702-00770102-00770827 They actually believe that they have obtained some victory, but it was actually Brahman that obtained the victory.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00703-00770945-00771672 Now what happens is as Brahman appears to these Gods, and the God of fire from the Vedas Agni
+98NS1HT3GDA-00704-00771722-00771830 actually
+98NS1HT3GDA-00705-00771830-00772602 approaches Brahman because they want to know who this figure is, because they can't actually understand who this figure is. In the story,
+98NS1HT3GDA-00706-00772676-00772876 Brahman puts down, asks him who he is,
+98NS1HT3GDA-00707-00772928-00773155 Agni says I am the God of fire. What power
+98NS1HT3GDA-00708-00773155-00773827 do you have? I can burn away all things. And he puts a straw down and says well then burn this. But Agni is suddenly
+98NS1HT3GDA-00709-00773864-00774420 impotent in front of Brahman, and he rushes back and tells the other Gods,
+98NS1HT3GDA-00710-00774421-00775021 "I have no idea what that being is okay", and this theme is going to repeat several times.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00711-00784914-00785432 They're trying to figure out what this Being is, this being we know to be Brahman,
+98NS1HT3GDA-00712-00785499-00785861 Who is behind the victory they believed they had achieved.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00713-00786015-00786253 Many things come out of this passage. One
+98NS1HT3GDA-00714-00786267-00786733 we see that contrary to what many people might say, Brahman is a personal Entity.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00715-00786780-00787546 This is a Being that can manifest in this world, and when He manifests here, these Gods of Hinduism
+98NS1HT3GDA-00716-00787635-00788168 don't actually know who this Figure is. They can't really figure Him out.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00717-00788168-00788636 That's why they each approach in turn, but when they each approach in turn, they are
+98NS1HT3GDA-00718-00788691-00788859 completely impotent.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00719-00788859-00789194 Even in their own domain of power. It's really that
+98NS1HT3GDA-00720-00789306-00789751 We know that there is a personal Figure or personal
+98NS1HT3GDA-00721-00789861-00790319 Manifestation of Brahman that can appear to beings generally,
+98NS1HT3GDA-00722-00790394-00790769 and that this Figure is the Ultimate Reality
+98NS1HT3GDA-00723-00790899-00791099 manifested within this plane.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00724-00791115-00791846 Basically when someone actually looks at the Pali Canon from within the perspective of the
+98NS1HT3GDA-00725-00791874-00792191 Upanishadic and Vedic thought, we see
+98NS1HT3GDA-00726-00792255-00792959 the Buddha Himself claiming to be something, the giver of the Dharma the Lord of the Dharma,
+98NS1HT3GDA-00727-00792994-00793553 He who is the gate to the deathless, the one who knows all, who sees all, and
+98NS1HT3GDA-00728-00793584-00794327 then that figure the Buddha is actually placed above and beyond every known Vedic God.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00729-00794403-00794948 But He Himself speaks and talks and teaches all the Divine Beings.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00730-00795063-00795797 And I think very strongly when we actually look at the Kena Upanishad and see this figure who manifests to the Gods,
+98NS1HT3GDA-00731-00795844-00796532 who they don't know who this figure is, we see the figure of the Buddha and the Buddha Himself, if
+98NS1HT3GDA-00732-00796567-00797222 we look at the Kena Upanishad, and then we look at how the Buddha represents Himself, these figures are one.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00733-00797301-00797921 So that if someone was to be, which many would have been, familiar with the Kena Upanishad that Brotman
+98NS1HT3GDA-00734-00797953-00798378 Himself can manifest personally and is above all the Gods.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00735-00798442-00799190 They could have heard if you will the echo of this claim within the claim of the Buddha. Even the fact that they don't know
+98NS1HT3GDA-00736-00799236-00799943 who brought men is here. We just recently read a passage where we hear that the Buddha when he
+98NS1HT3GDA-00737-00799998-00800642 appears to the great assemblies, be it Mara's or Brahmas or Yama Gods, or the Gods of the Thirty-three,
+98NS1HT3GDA-00738-00800709-00801323 He actually appears in such a way that those Beings in whatever tier of existence they are
+98NS1HT3GDA-00739-00801405-00801582 actually when He leaves
+98NS1HT3GDA-00740-00801582-00802187 don't know if He is what? A Deva or one like them. One ascendant
+98NS1HT3GDA-00741-00802188-00802794 or one equal unto them. This is actually what the Buddha says within the Pali Canon.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00742-00802861-00803415 In the previous passage from the Pali Canon there was a very, it's the longest passage
+98NS1HT3GDA-00743-00803415-00803783 we've looked at, was a very long list of Divine Beings
+98NS1HT3GDA-00744-00803892-00804040 right? And
+98NS1HT3GDA-00745-00804040-00804369 at the end of that list, what occurs?
+98NS1HT3GDA-00746-00804471-00804671 Mara the Evil one
+98NS1HT3GDA-00747-00804732-00805478 approaches this grand assembly of all of the Gods who have come to witness the passing away of the Buddha, and
+98NS1HT3GDA-00748-00805528-00806042 it's actually the Buddha that prevents Mara from destroying them.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00749-00806088-00806546 He gained or obtained a victory for the Gods.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00750-00806586-00807140 But the only ones that really see this are the true disciples of the Buddha at the end of that passage.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00751-00807202-00807764 Once again this should ring very clear to someone who is familiar with the Kena Upanishad,
+98NS1HT3GDA-00752-00807796-00808104 because that's how the story of Brahman begins.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00753-00808207-00808496 For our own self, justice is a quick throw there,
+98NS1HT3GDA-00754-00808576-00808940 it's interesting as well that when Indra rushes towards Brahman,
+98NS1HT3GDA-00755-00808980-00809666 He actually disappears, and in his place is suddenly a Divine Female, the "Maid of Heaven".
+98NS1HT3GDA-00756-00809761-00810348 The next passage from the Kata Upanishad and is about a figure called the Purusha.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00757-00814657-00815036 In this passage just a pause for a moment, we see at the beginning
+98NS1HT3GDA-00758-00815101-00815553 The Asvata Tree, this ultimate Tree in which all the worlds hang,
+98NS1HT3GDA-00759-00815553-00816069 and itself is called "the bright" or another translations "the glory".
+98NS1HT3GDA-00760-00816163-00816847 It is if you will, for the Baha'is the Sadrat'ul Muntaha, the image of the Manifestation of God.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00761-00816986-00817423 The whole universe itself is in some sense contained within it and
+98NS1HT3GDA-00762-00817493-00817661 vibrates and
+98NS1HT3GDA-00763-00817661-00818086 resonates with what has come forth from Brahman. The quote continues
+98NS1HT3GDA-00764-00819332-00819811 So not only are we seeing that that alone is the one that alone is the immortal,
+98NS1HT3GDA-00765-00819884-00820675 that Indra and Vayu flee from this Divine Being, that Brahman, but also we see the notion that death itself
+98NS1HT3GDA-00766-00820784-00820898 flees
+98NS1HT3GDA-00767-00820898-00821568 from Brahman, this actual Divine Tree, this Cosmic Tree, that is the true One.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00768-00821695-00822112 Once again if we look at the Buddhist scriptures that we've been passing through over and over again,
+98NS1HT3GDA-00769-00822179-00822691 we're told that the Buddha Himself is the door to the deathless, to immortality
+98NS1HT3GDA-00770-00822761-00823044 from the cessation of all clinging.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00771-00827704-00828004 So beyond all the aspects of the human being,
+98NS1HT3GDA-00772-00828067-00828555 the body, the mind, the intellect and even the great Atman is
+98NS1HT3GDA-00773-00828629-00828787 actually this
+98NS1HT3GDA-00774-00828787-00829542 unmanifest there's some unmanifest nature, but even beyond that is the Person, the Purusha, which is a
+98NS1HT3GDA-00775-00829621-00830022 really a Personality, it is not actually just an immaterial sort of
+98NS1HT3GDA-00776-00830081-00830815 abstract concept, as we saw within the Kena Upanishad, because this being can actually appear in our world and appear to Gods.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00777-00830880-00831455 But we also have it that, no one can actually truly see this Figure. No one can truly know Him,
+98NS1HT3GDA-00778-00831537-00832031 except when He has revealed through meditation and as we all see prayer.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00779-00832031-00832381 Again this is much like what the Pali Canon is saying about the ineffability,
+98NS1HT3GDA-00780-00832421-00832972 the inability to actually truly describe the Dharma, but that it can actually become
+98NS1HT3GDA-00781-00833058-00833294 personal in the sense of the Dharmakaya,
+98NS1HT3GDA-00782-00833388-00833896 the body of the Dharma, embodying here in the person of the Buddha.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00783-00833943-00834319 This is the final quote from the Upanishads. It's from the Mundaka Upanishad.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00784-00838452-00838652 So this Brahman is
+98NS1HT3GDA-00785-00838683-00839312 the light of lights, that which shines first into the dark places, and is the radiance of all else.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00786-00839385-00839669 Once again within the Pali Canon, we saw the Buddha Himself
+98NS1HT3GDA-00787-00839739-00840359 at His birth and declaration His radiance eclipsed all the radiance of all the Gods.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00788-00840359-00841028 But together and His shining His radiance His glory fills even the darkest realms of creation.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00789-00841086-00841319 For some individuals, a question might have arisen
+98NS1HT3GDA-00790-00841401-00842099 Throughout this study, because we've only been looking at the Pali Canon, which is the Theravadan texts. And there are other
+98NS1HT3GDA-00791-00842196-00842528 denominations of Buddhism who recognize other scriptures.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00792-00842607-00843340 We chose this collection the Pali Canon primarily again as I said at the beginning, because it itself forms the most ancient texts
+98NS1HT3GDA-00793-00843356-00843818 that we know of the Buddha. So we will now look at, for those who are interested,
+98NS1HT3GDA-00794-00843894-00844199 some of the quotes from the Mahayana Scriptures themselves.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00795-00844254-00844733 This first one here is from the Lotus Sutra, very very prominent Sutra in Mahayana Buddhism.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00796-00846111-00846311 from the Lankavatara Sutra
+98NS1HT3GDA-00797-00847449-00847739 So the Buddha Himself is unfathomable,
+98NS1HT3GDA-00798-00847839-00848093 higher than all Heavenly Beings. Again
+98NS1HT3GDA-00799-00848093-00848444 this is exactly the notion we see within the Kena Upanishad.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00800-00848487-00848981 And the Absolute Truth, the Dharmadatu, that body of the Dharma that is
+98NS1HT3GDA-00801-00849066-00849362 represented in the Buddha in the world of creation,
+98NS1HT3GDA-00802-00849451-00849631 abides forever.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00803-00849631-00850418 Whether or not the Thatagata appears. So this Entity whatever it is, this Absolute Truth is Ultimate Reality.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00804-00850552-00850985 Exists in some way whether or not it is manifested in this world,
+98NS1HT3GDA-00805-00851058-00851606 clearly a corollary with the concept of the "Manifestation of God" within the Baha'i Writings.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00806-00851727-00851960 The next quote is from Lotus Sutra again
+98NS1HT3GDA-00807-00856836-00857489 We saw this in the Pali texts when the Buddha gives the example of the great assemblies, the Mara's, the Brahmas, the Yama Gods,
+98NS1HT3GDA-00808-00857520-00857622 the
+98NS1HT3GDA-00809-00857622-00857820 Nimurati Gods.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00810-00857820-00858383 That He Himself will actually present Himself to these Beings in the form that they are,
+98NS1HT3GDA-00811-00858409-00859010 so that He can bring, and in this context, salvation unto them. This concept of
+98NS1HT3GDA-00812-00859077-00859517 the Dharmadatu, the Ultimate Reality the Absolute Truth itself
+98NS1HT3GDA-00813-00859606-00859806 manifesting in the form of whatever
+98NS1HT3GDA-00814-00859885-00860085 form those who He's teaching to
+98NS1HT3GDA-00815-00860124-00860320 really echos in a part of the Bhagavad Gita that we will look at a different time.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00816-00860320-00860558 Where
+98NS1HT3GDA-00817-00860593-00860840 Arjuna in the Hindu text of Bhagavad Gita
+98NS1HT3GDA-00818-00860910-00861137 asks Krishna to show
+98NS1HT3GDA-00819-00861219-00861656 Arjuna His true form. And when He does there is this like
+98NS1HT3GDA-00820-00861739-00862010 unbelievable image of like numerous mouths,
+98NS1HT3GDA-00821-00862137-00862409 unending faces, ears, eyes, and hands.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00822-00862431-00863150 It's this expression in my understanding of the text that Krishna who is the embodiment of Brahman,
+98NS1HT3GDA-00823-00863265-00863465 as Vishnu
+98NS1HT3GDA-00824-00863556-00864059 Manifests in so many different ways in so many different forms of so many different times
+98NS1HT3GDA-00825-00864090-00864740 that when Arjuna sees His true form all he sees are the rolling faces and
+98NS1HT3GDA-00826-00864789-00865388 Manifestations of that Absolute Reality, which the Buddha Himself again tells us He does here.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00827-00865449-00865784 The next is from "the perfection of wisdom and eight thousand lines"
+98NS1HT3GDA-00828-00871131-00871331 Echoing the Baha'i scriptures
+98NS1HT3GDA-00829-00871402-00871764 that Sun of Reality is beyond "descent and ascent"
+98NS1HT3GDA-00830-00871864-00872411 really beyond any description itself, and that here the Buddha is saying that the
+98NS1HT3GDA-00831-00872481-00873248 reality limit that which is the Essence, is itself the Buddha. Now from the Lion's Roar of
+98NS1HT3GDA-00832-00873273-00873473 Queen Srimala
+98NS1HT3GDA-00833-00879981-00880607 This is such a fascinating quote because actually we see that Nirvana itself is the Dharma body of the Tathagata.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00834-00880677-00881375 The real Essence and True Reality of what the Person of the Buddha in our time really is.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00835-00881472-00881930 That there is no difference because the Tathagata the Buddha Himself is
+98NS1HT3GDA-00836-00881989-00882189 identical with the Dharma body
+98NS1HT3GDA-00837-00882193-00882393 which is unlimited and
+98NS1HT3GDA-00838-00882429-00882629 unceasing.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00839-00882664-00883050 This being the Buddha is not limited by time
+98NS1HT3GDA-00840-00883122-00883189 His
+98NS1HT3GDA-00841-00883189-00883710 compassion is not limited against this relational love and compassion towards the creation
+98NS1HT3GDA-00842-00883753-00884079 which He reveals Himself to, and He is the inexhaustible
+98NS1HT3GDA-00843-00884131-00884331 refuge of all reality or
+98NS1HT3GDA-00844-00884431-00884536 Brahman.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00845-00884536-00884736 Now from the Garland Sutra
+98NS1HT3GDA-00846-00886877-00887077 In the first section of this quote
+98NS1HT3GDA-00847-00887117-00887913 We have to really look past beyond if you will the veil of names, and see what the Buddha is expressing Himself to be.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00848-00887998-00888606 Infinite unobstructed, the Ultimate Realm of reality, Ultimate Reality itself.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00849-00888692-00889071 That He is without birth or death, the Alpha and Omega,
+98NS1HT3GDA-00850-00889151-00889351 He who is ever abiding and
+98NS1HT3GDA-00851-00889420-00889815 He does not cease and He does not abandon all beings.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00852-00889885-00890133 Within this non-abandoning, it says
+98NS1HT3GDA-00853-00890203-00890769 He appears to sentient beings according to the time sustained by past vows.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00854-00890818-00891357 the concept of the Eternal Covenant within the Baha'i Scriptures. These past
+98NS1HT3GDA-00855-00891385-00892173 promises, these past vows are what actually sustain the continuing return of the Buddha, the Everlasting Covenant.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00856-00897220-00897441 Just as we are told within the Baha'i scriptures
+98NS1HT3GDA-00857-00897506-00898204 that all of reality is in a sense a reflection of the Divine Being and His attributes can be seen everywhere.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00858-00898252-00898590 Here we are told that the Buddha is "the Buddha is
+98NS1HT3GDA-00859-00898696-00899191 omnipresent" and that He, that Dharmakaya that body of the Dharma
+98NS1HT3GDA-00860-00899291-00899616 manifests a body for the sake of sentient beings.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00861-00899737-00900333 Again a direct parallel to the concept of the "Manifestation of God" within Baha'i writings and
+98NS1HT3GDA-00862-00900401-00900601 within the Upanishads itself.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00863-00900668-00900868 Once again to the Lotus Sutra
+98NS1HT3GDA-00864-00912168-00912368 The Buddha here in the Lotus Sutra
+98NS1HT3GDA-00865-00912459-00912950 manifests as a great cloud, a great cloud rising up like
+98NS1HT3GDA-00866-00913143-00913757 the Torah. In this same notion we also see the concept of Jesus "coming with the clouds of Heaven"
+98NS1HT3GDA-00867-00913904-00914104 that He actually
+98NS1HT3GDA-00868-00914118-00914687 comes to all these different worlds and all these Divine Realms, be they low or high
+98NS1HT3GDA-00869-00914799-00915055 Out of His desire to release all.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00870-00915104-00915364 When He does so He appears in a way
+98NS1HT3GDA-00871-00915364-00915985 and teaches in a way that the denizens of that realm, whatever it may be, can truly
+98NS1HT3GDA-00872-00916014-00916670 understand, because He actually sees the reality of the world in which He is, He is a Divine Physician
+98NS1HT3GDA-00873-00916716-00917380 Who diagnoses the cosmos in which He manifests, and then teaches His law to those people in
+98NS1HT3GDA-00874-00917424-00917986 accordance with where they are at, the concept of "Progressive Revelation" in this world and beyond.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00875-00918027-00918547 We're now gonna look at two final quotes. The first one is from the Brahma Net Sutra, another Mahayana
+98NS1HT3GDA-00876-00918689-00919444 It is rather long, but we will actually do our best to try and keep track of the imagery that is actually being expressed here.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00877-00919637-00919879 This is the Buddha beginning to speak
+98NS1HT3GDA-00878-00929647-00929973 This is the tree under which the Buddha received enlightenment
+98NS1HT3GDA-00879-00934693-00935292 So in this image we get from the Brahma Net Sutra, there is a supreme
+98NS1HT3GDA-00880-00935351-00935503 singular Buddha.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00881-00935503-00935868 That Buddha which is the source of all the teachings of all the
+98NS1HT3GDA-00882-00935944-00936465 physical Buddhas in the form bodies that appear in all these different worlds is the
+98NS1HT3GDA-00883-00936509-00936912 inspiration of the revelation of the Dharma into all these cosmoses.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00884-00937012-00937795 This Varokana Buddha is the source of all the rays of light, like the Sun of Truth that we find with Baha'i Writings.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00885-00937885-00938157 That itself is the inspiration of all the
+98NS1HT3GDA-00886-00938212-00938835 Manifestations that we see in the physical form within all the worlds of God, and are here known as the Buddha Himself,
+98NS1HT3GDA-00887-00938942-00939339 As Krishna, as Muhammad, as Jesus, the Bab, and Baha'u'llah.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00888-00939427-00940119 This Entity known as the Logos or the "Primal Will" or the "Manifestation of God" is the
+98NS1HT3GDA-00889-00940156-00940356 ultimate Source of all these
+98NS1HT3GDA-00890-00940424-00941034 Reflections if you will, these Fractals, these Manifestations within the world. And this is
+98NS1HT3GDA-00891-00941117-00941592 totally in accord with a concept of "the Word taking on flesh" that
+98NS1HT3GDA-00892-00941612-00942252 Original Entity Who is the Perfect Reflection of the Divine Father
+98NS1HT3GDA-00893-00942350-00942491 Manifested in the world.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00894-00942491-00942691 We've come to the end of this study.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00895-00942875-00943596 I'd suggest, what have we actually learned? Right from the get-go, philosophically, because Buddhism itself
+98NS1HT3GDA-00896-00943756-00943956 teaches unto humanity
+98NS1HT3GDA-00897-00944009-00944739 principles of honesty and justice and compassion and truth and right view and right effort and meditation and in this case
+98NS1HT3GDA-00898-00944834-00945300 eulogizing homage and prayer, right from the get-go, Buddhism actually seems to be
+98NS1HT3GDA-00899-00945443-00945991 monotheistic. We couldn't possibly at any time, have called in my opinion Buddhism
+98NS1HT3GDA-00900-00946064-00946177 non-theistic,
+98NS1HT3GDA-00901-00946177-00946434 because the actual Buddhist scriptures themselves
+98NS1HT3GDA-00902-00946601-00946651 really actually represent within them endless layers of actual Divine Beings.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00903-00947225-00947529 If anything with a cursory knowledge of Buddhism, we would have called it
+98NS1HT3GDA-00904-00947618-00947818 polytheistic, or a concept of many Gods.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00905-00947854-00948138 But we find out that actually the Buddha Himself
+98NS1HT3GDA-00906-00948185-00948789 who was the reality limit, the knower of all, the seer of all, the one true stainless one,
+98NS1HT3GDA-00907-00948809-00949024 is actually at the very
+98NS1HT3GDA-00908-00949079-00949804 top of Reality, and eternally is the refuge of all. That whether or not this Being manifests in the world,
+98NS1HT3GDA-00909-00949832-00950336 which this being does in accordance with the capacity of the people He's teaching, that
+98NS1HT3GDA-00910-00950396-00950912 Ultimate Reality that Dharmadatu, the body of the Dharma is itself ever abiding
+98NS1HT3GDA-00911-00950958-00951358 fully conscious. And it is our job in life to find
+98NS1HT3GDA-00912-00951414-00951614 the Reflection of that
+98NS1HT3GDA-00913-00951627-00951768 Ultimate Reality
+98NS1HT3GDA-00914-00951768-00952490 that Dharma as manifested within our world, and follow His law, and draw close to Him
+98NS1HT3GDA-00915-00952545-00952745 through His teachings.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00916-00952812-00953210 Put in this way and really looked at from the Buddhist scriptures itself we see
+98NS1HT3GDA-00917-00953292-00953920 really the concept of actually, whether it's the Logos and the Father and the Manifestation of Jesus Christ or
+98NS1HT3GDA-00918-00953964-00954479 the different natures of the Manifestation of God embodied within the Baha'i Scriptures.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00919-00954545-00954773 I think it's really fair to say that the idea
+98NS1HT3GDA-00920-00954845-00954978 that
+98NS1HT3GDA-00921-00954978-00955498 Buddhism is a philosophical system, it is not really interested in Transcendent Realities,
+98NS1HT3GDA-00922-00955499-00956003 that is really just a means of actual psychology, can be completely laid to rest.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00923-00956058-00956573 And that the idea that the Buddha was agnostic about Ultimate Reality too can be laid to rest.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00924-00956621-00957229 We are dealing with a Religion that is actually truly placed within its own
+98NS1HT3GDA-00925-00957320-00957839 cultural milieu, and is responding to issues that we can find within the Vedas and the Upanishads.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00926-00957885-00958502 And actually is echoing or reflecting concepts we find even within the Bhagavad Gita, that there is an Ultimate Reality
+98NS1HT3GDA-00927-00958560-00958940 that actually manifests Itself for the raising up of sentient beings,
+98NS1HT3GDA-00928-00959025-00959339 when unrighteousness has come to prevail.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00929-00959409-00959969 That Being is actually a form-body chosen by this Ultimate Reality
+98NS1HT3GDA-00930-00960020-00960236 in order that It can actually communicate
+98NS1HT3GDA-00931-00960333-00961103 to Its patient as a Divine Physician in accord with that being's needs. This is the concept of "Progressive Revelation"
+98NS1HT3GDA-00932-00961239-00961421 fully expressed.
+98NS1HT3GDA-00933-00961421-00961795 So I think in the end here, can we say that
+98NS1HT3GDA-00934-00961860-00962060 Buddhism itself has an Ultimate Reality?
+98NS1HT3GDA-00935-00962073-00962713 Yes. Is that Entity itself personal, like the Brahmin in the Kena Upanishad?
+98NS1HT3GDA-00936-00962757-00963452 Yes. Is it the Refuge that we have to seek out, have faith in, love, and approach?
+98NS1HT3GDA-00937-00963465-00963665 Yes. It is, in the end,
+98NS1HT3GDA-00938-00963792-00963992 God
+9tw5yXt253y-00000-00000016-00000869 I met Balanced View ten years ago, and in not a dissimilar situation to this, in an
+9tw5yXt253y-00001-00000869-00001113 Open Meeting.
+9tw5yXt253y-00002-00001113-00002069 And meeting the teachers, meeting the community, being in this environment was really a new
+9tw5yXt253y-00003-00002069-00002239 situation for me.
+9tw5yXt253y-00004-00002239-00003100 And not just in the sort of setting, sitting in a teaching, but also in how I saw I was
+9tw5yXt253y-00005-00003100-00003764 treated, how people behaved towards me, and what I started to see about myself.
+9tw5yXt253y-00006-00003764-00004412 And it’s really spot on, the insight about the support being so empowering.
+9tw5yXt253y-00007-00004412-00005121 It was a setting of complete empowerment, where really for the first time I was treated
+9tw5yXt253y-00008-00005121-00005343 like a powerful human being.
+9tw5yXt253y-00009-00005343-00006075 Now, just to reflect on that for a moment: treated like an empowered human being, not
+9tw5yXt253y-00010-00006075-00006518 treated like a victim of my experience.
+9tw5yXt253y-00011-00006518-00007119 And that’s what I saw role modeled in the other people around me as well, people who
+9tw5yXt253y-00012-00007119-00007569 were deeply respecting themselves and others.
+9tw5yXt253y-00013-00007569-00007951 And that came out in so many different ways: it came out in people’s speech; it came
+9tw5yXt253y-00014-00007951-00008386 out in people not criticizing, not gossiping about each other.
+9tw5yXt253y-00015-00008386-00008722 Now these were like very usual things; I mean can anyone relate to that?
+9tw5yXt253y-00016-00008722-00008977 It was like a very normal way of relating.
+9tw5yXt253y-00017-00008977-00009599 For me, it was, you know, to use my speech in that way, to criticize.
+9tw5yXt253y-00018-00009599-00010184 I mean, you know, that’s what was going on inside my mind, it was criticism of myself,
+9tw5yXt253y-00019-00010184-00010607 or other people, seeing what was wrong, seeing how I needed to improve.
+9tw5yXt253y-00020-00010607-00011279 I mean that’s kind of like healthy, normal, societal activity, because you want to improve,
+9tw5yXt253y-00021-00011279-00011379 right?
+9tw5yXt253y-00022-00011379-00011660 So, you need to see what is wrong and emphasis it.
+9tw5yXt253y-00023-00011660-00012182 So, this is just, you know, ways I had learned to use my mind, and in that way emphasized
+9tw5yXt253y-00024-00012182-00012649 things that I thought were flawed about me or about situations.
+9tw5yXt253y-00025-00012649-00013531 And there was this baseline, you could say, of fundamentally feeling something was wrong,
+9tw5yXt253y-00026-00013531-00014291 and it needed to be fixed, that in any given moment the thoughts or emotions that I could
+9tw5yXt253y-00027-00014291-00014556 have, could be a sign of that.
+9tw5yXt253y-00028-00014556-00015361 So, anxiety could come up, “No way, no way, anxiety is not allowed to come up.”
+9tw5yXt253y-00029-00015361-00015833 I’ve been told all of my life that this is a feeling I shouldn’t have.
+9tw5yXt253y-00030-00015833-00016363 The sensations in the body, the whirring thoughts, the paranoid ideas, like, “What are they
+9tw5yXt253y-00031-00016363-00016464 thinking about me?
+9tw5yXt253y-00032-00016464-00016672 Oh my God, I am just loser?
+9tw5yXt253y-00033-00016672-00016981 I can’t do this; I’m just going to look ridiculous.
+9tw5yXt253y-00034-00016981-00017234 I just need to remove myself from this situation.”
+9tw5yXt253y-00035-00017234-00017770 Just fearing it all, and feeling a threat, a threat from other people, a threat from
+9tw5yXt253y-00036-00017770-00018022 my thoughts and emotions.
+9tw5yXt253y-00037-00018022-00018659 And I needed to respond and react to that and antidote it in some way, make those feelings
+9tw5yXt253y-00038-00018659-00019466 go away, this anxiety had to be absent from my experience in order to feel like I was
+9tw5yXt253y-00039-00019466-00019864 simply okay as a human being.
+9tw5yXt253y-00040-00019864-00020476 And it could be many other thoughts and emotions that I had just put into the wrong box, you
+9tw5yXt253y-00041-00020476-00020995 could say, labeled as negative, labeled as something that I did not want to have occurring
+9tw5yXt253y-00042-00020995-00021101 for me.
+9tw5yXt253y-00043-00021101-00021690 And then, coming into a situation like this, meeting the Balanced View Training, and being
+9tw5yXt253y-00044-00021690-00022359 introduced to the nature of my mind, receiving for the very first time an education in the
+9tw5yXt253y-00045-00022359-00023127 nature of my mind, has opened up an entirely new way of living—entirely new way of living—entirely
+9tw5yXt253y-00046-00023127-00023975 new way of relating to myself and other people and the world, one that is based on the fact
+9tw5yXt253y-00047-00023975-00024593 of being fundamentally beneficial, and empowered in every single moment, of there being nothing
+9tw5yXt253y-00048-00024593-00025073 wrong with any thoughts and emotions that may arise.
+9tw5yXt253y-00049-00025073-00026382 And this has changed my life completely into one of ease, relatability, empowerment, capacity
+9tw5yXt253y-00050-00026382-00027020 to show up, capacity to love open-heartedly, fearlessly.
+9tw5yXt253y-00051-00027020-00027488 And it’s all just come about through this very simple Teaching, an education that you
+9tw5yXt253y-00052-00027488-00028194 could say I feel like I was denied all my life, for the first thirty years of my life
+9tw5yXt253y-00053-00028194-00028662 denied this, absent, completely absent, from my culture and upbringing.
+9tw5yXt253y-00054-00028662-00029481 I don’t know how it has been for all of you, but for me I never received this.
+9tw5yXt253y-00055-00029481-00029894 I was told that there were certain thoughts and emotions that I needed to keep in place,
+9tw5yXt253y-00056-00029894-00030602 the positive ones, and I needed to get rid of the negative ones that included about people
+9tw5yXt253y-00057-00030602-00030702 and circumstances.
+9tw5yXt253y-00058-00030702-00031393 And so, my entire focus was placed on this rearranging of my experience.
+9tw5yXt253y-00059-00031393-00031948 And what we are introduced to here, through the Balanced View Training, is open intelligence.
+9tw5yXt253y-00060-00031948-00032762 It’s what is at the basis, what includes and subsumes all experience in any given moment,
+9tw5yXt253y-00061-00032762-00033222 what is aware of this current moment, your power to know.
+9tw5yXt253y-00062-00033222-00033904 And to introduce yourself to open intelligence you simply stop thinking for a moment.
+9tw5yXt253y-00063-00033904-00034076 What remains?
+9tw5yXt253y-00064-00034076-00036036 Open intelligence, alertness, clarity, cognizance, intelligence that is open like a clear sky.
+9tw5yXt253y-00065-00036036-00036718 Now this, whether the thoughts come back in, or there are no thoughts, open intelligence
+9tw5yXt253y-00066-00036718-00036819 remains.
+9tw5yXt253y-00067-00036819-00037519 It’s a more comprehensive type of intelligence.
+9tw5yXt253y-00068-00037519-00038340 And you can check it out in any given moment, in a short moment of recognizing open intelligence.
+9tw5yXt253y-00069-00038340-00038750 Now that you have been introduced, you can recognize it anytime you want.
+9tw5yXt253y-00070-00038750-00039702 It’s yours, nobody is giving it to you; it’s already the case.
+9tw5yXt253y-00071-00039702-00040208 And so, in this moment right now, whatever thoughts or emotions might be, just recognize,
+9tw5yXt253y-00072-00040208-00040765 “Is open intelligence present?
+9tw5yXt253y-00073-00040765-00040875 What knows this thought?
+9tw5yXt253y-00074-00040875-00041047 What knows this thought arising?
+9tw5yXt253y-00075-00041047-00041182 What knows it’s abiding?
+9tw5yXt253y-00076-00041182-00042041 What knows it’s self-releasing on its own, like mist in the air?”
+9tw5yXt253y-00077-00042041-00043075 And so, in any moment of life we have just countless experiences, thoughts, emotions,
+9tw5yXt253y-00078-00043075-00043622 perceptions, people, places, things and in the Teaching of Balanced View we just call
+9tw5yXt253y-00079-00043622-00044643 all these data, these events or phenomena that we perceive, data streaming in open intelligence.
+9tw5yXt253y-00080-00044643-00045216 And the practice of short moments of open intelligence is, whatever the data steam is
+9tw5yXt253y-00081-00045216-00045815 that’s arising for you in any moment, is just to rest mind and body for a short moment and
+9tw5yXt253y-00082-00045815-00046444 recognize open intelligence and to repeat this many times until open intelligence is
+9tw5yXt253y-00083-00046444-00047010 obvious and primary, all the time.
+9tw5yXt253y-00084-00047010-00047518 And it’s the best, basically.
+9tw5yXt253y-00085-00047518-00047938 We have incredible stability of mind as human beings.
+9tw5yXt253y-00086-00047938-00048171 It’s innate; it’s built in.
+9tw5yXt253y-00087-00048171-00048408 We have incredible power.
+9tw5yXt253y-00088-00048408-00048724 We have a capacity to be of benefit in any given moment.
+9tw5yXt253y-00089-00048724-00049232 And as we tap into open intelligence you will see this come to the fore, you will see this
+9tw5yXt253y-00090-00049232-00049437 very obviously.
+9tw5yXt253y-00091-00049437-00049821 And so, whatever situation you might be in in life, you can test it out, you can test
+9tw5yXt253y-00092-00049821-00050431 it out today, to just recognize open intelligence for a short moment.
+9tw5yXt253y-00093-00050431-00050917 And you know, like I said, for me it had just been overlooked; I had never been introduced.
+9tw5yXt253y-00094-00050917-00051503 The focus had always been upon the data streams, upon describing them, upon classifying them
+9tw5yXt253y-00095-00051503-00051986 into positive and negative, trying to get more of the positive, get rid of the negative
+9tw5yXt253y-00096-00051986-00052332 and playing life in this way, this game.
+9tw5yXt253y-00097-00052332-00052929 And then, to be introduced to open intelligence, and simply rest, rest at the basis of all
+9tw5yXt253y-00098-00052929-00053158 experience in every moment.
+9tw5yXt253y-00099-00053158-00053691 To allow mind to be completely open as it is, it already is like that, and allow the
+9tw5yXt253y-00100-00053691-00054201 data streams simple to be as they are.
+9tw5yXt253y-00101-00054201-00054677 And this is for you to take away and practice.
+9tw5yXt253y-00102-00054677-00056108 And, you know, through the Balanced View Teaching it offers a practice, it offers a Teaching, teacher
+9tw5yXt253y-00103-00056108-00056614 and a community to really bring this recognition about in our lives.
+9tw5yXt253y-00104-00056614-00057283 And it’s a field of empowerment, you could say, where, like I said, for the very first
+9tw5yXt253y-00105-00057283-00057898 time, I was treated like this empowered human being, rather than being a victim to my data
+9tw5yXt253y-00106-00057898-00057998 streams.
+9tw5yXt253y-00107-00057998-00058666 But really seeing that my, yeah, capacity to be of benefit in every single moment, and
+9tw5yXt253y-00108-00058666-00059304 it was very new, and it took time to settle into and also taking support, like having
+9tw5yXt253y-00109-00059304-00059419 a Trainer.
+9tw5yXt253y-00110-00059419-00059914 So, there’s an amazing Teaching called the Twelve Empowerments.
+9tw5yXt253y-00111-00059914-00060348 After completing the Twelve Empowerments, you can be in touch with a personal trainer,
+9tw5yXt253y-00112-00060348-00061064 your own personal trainer, ongoing support, like the most incredible relationship, completely
+9tw5yXt253y-00113-00061064-00061473 available, someone that is completely available for your empowerment.
+9tw5yXt253y-00114-00061473-00061792 And it took me a while to settle into this.
+9tw5yXt253y-00115-00061792-00062311 I had never been offered that in my life.
+9tw5yXt253y-00116-00062311-00063048 Support had often come as people agreeing with me; that’s what I thought support was.
+9tw5yXt253y-00117-00063048-00063438 “Yeah, you tell me that my thoughts are right.”
+9tw5yXt253y-00118-00063438-00063823 Or “Yeah, I am a victim.”
+9tw5yXt253y-00119-00063823-00064186 And that, “You need to fix yourself.”
+9tw5yXt253y-00120-00064186-00064502 And this is how I took support to be.
+9tw5yXt253y-00121-00064502-00065131 And now having a relationship with another human being who saw my greatness, regardless
+9tw5yXt253y-00122-00065131-00065231 of my data.
+9tw5yXt253y-00123-00065231-00065795 So, you know, writing emails to my trainer, being in teachings with my trainer and then seeing
+9tw5yXt253y-00124-00065795-00066600 my incredible power and seeing my data streams as part of that, not seeing them as the problem.
+9tw5yXt253y-00125-00066600-00067226 And also, but this incredible, you know, the amazing thing is to be able to look so clearly
+9tw5yXt253y-00126-00067226-00068236 at myself, like not avoid uncomfortable data streams anymore, like anxiety, or, you know,
+9tw5yXt253y-00127-00068236-00068964 like frustration with situations in the family or things that I just didn’t want to have
+9tw5yXt253y-00128-00068964-00069139 in my arena of experience.
+9tw5yXt253y-00129-00069139-00069636 So, I would do everything I could to make it as pleasant as possible.
+9tw5yXt253y-00130-00069636-00070387 And so really finding this capacity to face all data fully, to rely on open intelligence,
+9tw5yXt253y-00131-00070387-00071083 to use the support of Balanced View, to have this stable ground to really experience life
+9tw5yXt253y-00132-00071083-00071587 fully and experience the great empowerment and power that’s there, the wisdom, the
+9tw5yXt253y-00133-00071587-00072045 benefit, the capacity to respond, you know, we respond.
+9tw5yXt253y-00134-00072045-00072362 I am sure that’s exactly what you are doing.
+9tw5yXt253y-00135-00072362-00073016 You are responding so naturally, you know, knowing when to speak up and intervene, and
+9tw5yXt253y-00136-00073016-00073116 knowing when not to.
+9tw5yXt253y-00137-00073116-00073769 And as a mother you will know that better than anyone, with your children; rather than
+9tw5yXt253y-00138-00073769-00074313 perhaps always feeling to be involved in every moment, but really responding and seeing what
+9tw5yXt253y-00139-00074313-00074413 will be empowering.
+9tw5yXt253y-00140-00074413-00075458 And what I see also with the Four Mainstays, is this opportunity to be empowered and seeing
+9tw5yXt253y-00141-00075458-00076248 how what I’ve experienced very much through the Training is not to molly-coddle myself,
+9tw5yXt253y-00142-00076248-00076892 but to see that I can experience all data fully—negative or positive—to allow it
+9tw5yXt253y-00143-00076892-00077464 to be as it is and within that take greatest care, naturally, instinctively it’s built
+9tw5yXt253y-00144-00077464-00077499 in.
+9tGDazYSEWM-00000-00000147-00000197 Green: sup
+9tGDazYSEWM-00001-00000240-00000515 TSC: AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAHAEEAH
+9tQ-w-DDMGI-00000-00000204-00000500 Thank you Sergey, and now I want to explain to young people (but not only to them)
+9tQ-w-DDMGI-00001-00000500-00000899 why it is necessary to participate in it, why can not we just stand aside.
+9tQ-w-DDMGI-00002-00000899-00001687 You all know the fable about two frogs, each of which failed either in the sour cream, or in milk 
+9tQ-w-DDMGI-00003-00001687-00002557 and one of them did nothing, while the other moved her legs so effectively that turned milk into butter and was able to escape.
+9tQ-w-DDMGI-00004-00002557-00003195 But I want to tell you a secret: the salvation of the second frog happened because she was alone 
+9tQ-w-DDMGI-00005-00003195-00003971 in the vessel, and the other, lazy frog, in another vessel, died, because if they were both in the same vessel, 
+9tQ-w-DDMGI-00006-00003971-00004604 no one of these frogs would not move, waiting for another one to start and make it all work. 
+9tQ-w-DDMGI-00007-00004604-00005064 This is one of the major problems of society, one of the major problems of society: 
+9tQ-w-DDMGI-00008-00005064-00005701 many people have the same problem, but no one could solve this problem for himself, 
+9tQ-w-DDMGI-00009-00005701-00006189 all prefer to do nothing, pretending that the problem does not exist. 
+9tQ-w-DDMGI-00010-00006189-00006500 Social Psychology is studying this problem the last 30 years. 
+9tQ-w-DDMGI-00011-00006500-00007237 How does it happen? 40 people can a woman murdered in the street, (the famous story from New York) 
+9tQ-w-DDMGI-00012-00007237-00007837 and none of them does nothing and does not call the police, because everyone thinks that someone else will do it. 
+9tQ-w-DDMGI-00013-00007837-00008037 We have the same with the prolongation of life.
+9tQ-w-DDMGI-00014-00008037-00008535 Every year,  every month we see people dying,
+9tQ-w-DDMGI-00015-00008535-00009010 we see how our loved ones die, our relatives, our friends, but we do not do anything. 
+9tQ-w-DDMGI-00016-00009010-00009607 And we do nothing, because death is too far away, it does not occur abruptly, it comes gradually.
+9tQ-w-DDMGI-00017-00009607-00010016 It's decades before you, and you think that this is not urgent, it does not matter, 
+9tQ-w-DDMGI-00018-00010016-00010559 that someone else will do it for you, and you think that if you start doing it, start spending time on it, 
+9tQ-w-DDMGI-00019-00010559-00010925 then you do your current life worse, but the results still may be poor. 
+9tQ-w-DDMGI-00020-00010925-00011183 But I want to tell you that this is not the right mindset.
+9tQ-w-DDMGI-00021-00011183-00011778 Your social instincts are wrong, they are slowly killing you, 
+9tQ-w-DDMGI-00022-00011778-00012103 preventing saving yourself, preventing good start. 
+9tQ-w-DDMGI-00023-00012103-00012549 You must take control of your situation, you must use your own mind to convince yourself 
+9tQ-w-DDMGI-00024-00012549-00013050 to take a conscious decision - fighting for making immortality possible!
+9tQ-w-DDMGI-00025-00013050-00013504 You will fight for your own lives, for making it unstoppable! 
+9tQ-w-DDMGI-00026-00013504-00014044 And even if it will seem that it's hard, you will know that deep down you are right, 
+9tQ-w-DDMGI-00027-00014044-00014322 that a person should live, that he everyone have a right to life! 
+9tQ-w-DDMGI-00028-00014322-00014822 And in the future, when your rightness is proven practices, and people no longer die on earth 
+9tQ-w-DDMGI-00029-00014822-00015188 you can tell yourself and others: "I was one of the first 
+9tQ-w-DDMGI-00030-00015188-00015654 who started this process, who made immortality real!" 
+9tQ-w-DDMGI-00031-00015654-00016188 For me it is a great satisfaction that I do right things,
+9tQ-w-DDMGI-00032-00016188-00016461 I know that I could do anything else, 
+9tQ-w-DDMGI-00033-00016461-00016715 there are a lot calmer, more enjoyable experience
+9tQ-w-DDMGI-00034-00016715-00016947 than the struggle for immortality of people in society 
+9tQ-w-DDMGI-00035-00016947-00017228 and that the idea of immortality is not able to be accepted 
+9tQ-w-DDMGI-00036-00017228-00017488 but there is nothing more disastrous than that thoughts. 
+9tQ-w-DDMGI-00037-00017488-00017867 And how to mobilize the society, on how to do it 
+9tQ-w-DDMGI-00038-00017867-00018289 and how you can save the optimism and enthusiasm
+9tQ-w-DDMGI-00039-00018289-00018538 as much as possible to keep solving this problem? 
+9tQ-w-DDMGI-00040-00018538-00019145 Welcome one of the most experienced Russian immortalists and humanists Igor V. Artyukhov, 
+9tQ-w-DDMGI-00041-00019145-00019602 deputy director of the Institute of Biology of aging. Igor, please. 
+9tQ-w-DDMGI-00042-00019816-00020337 Good afternoon, everyone who came to this meeting. 
+9tQ-w-DDMGI-00043-00020346-00020685 This meeting really is a unique phenomenon, 
+9tQ-w-DDMGI-00044-00020685-00020903 perhaps it never happened before. 
+9tQ-w-DDMGI-00045-00021010-00021247 Hopefully such a meeting will happen again. 
+9tQ-w-DDMGI-00046-00021329-00021920 This is the first one and probably many people are not prepared for this meeting, it seems strange to them: 
+9tQ-w-DDMGI-00047-00021920-00022265 people protest against the death and aging. 
+9tQ-w-DDMGI-00048-00022265-00022778 Well, it would seem that it's like to resist against Newton's law,  
+9tQ-w-DDMGI-00049-00022778-00023063 I mean, you can resist, but the law still works. 
+9tQ-w-DDMGI-00050-00023141-00023491 This misunderstanding exists especially because now there are hure events 
+9tQ-w-DDMGI-00051-00023491-00024053 such as congress of The United Russia, the Communist Party Congress at the same time, the Congress of Right Forces. 
+9tQ-w-DDMGI-00052-00024053-00024630 People share the power, people divide the money, do important work, 
+9tQ-w-DDMGI-00053-00024677-00025482 and in these circumstances, people gather to a small group and do stupid things. 
+9tQ-w-DDMGI-00054-00025727-00026610 You already heard twice about the fact that every day about 200 thousand die, 
+9tQ-w-DDMGI-00055-00026676-00027468 100 thousand of them die from diseases related to aging. I will add another figure. 
+9tQ-w-DDMGI-00056-00027492-00028007 Think about what it is. We still remember Hiroshima,
+9tQ-w-DDMGI-00057-00028007-00028647 this is noticeably the same number, about as many people die every day, and we forget about it every day.
+9tQ-w-DDMGI-00058-00028920-00029487 It is our habit. In Hiroshima, it was customary ba if the atomic bomb dropped every day, 
+9tQ-w-DDMGI-00059-00029487-00029837 no special significance attached to it would not,
+9tQ-w-DDMGI-00060-00029987-00030604 but from old age and illness, people die every day and it seems that this is the natural course of events 
+9tQ-w-DDMGI-00061-00030606-00031602 and not do anything with it, no one seriously try to fight it
+9tQ-w-DDMGI-00062-00031632-00032276 At the same time as there has already been mentioned, modern science makes it possible to deal with it 
+9tQ-w-DDMGI-00063-00032276-00032641 and the becomes more efficient every year. 
+9tQ-w-DDMGI-00064-00032641-00033107 There has already been mentioned, for example, the creation of artificial organs
+9tQ-w-DDMGI-00065-00033232-00033992 and artificial organs gr will be probably quite realistic for the coming decade. 
+9tQ-w-DDMGI-00066-00034425-00035434 That is, during this decade, anyone will be able to replace every organ, 
+9tQ-w-DDMGI-00067-00035434-00035945 aged, damaged, diseased with newly grown. 
+9tQ-w-DDMGI-00068-00035945-00036342 Yes, for the first time it will be expensive, it will be available to very few people, 
+9tQ-w-DDMGI-00069-00036342-00036908 it would not be very high quality, but things quickly improve and become cheaper
+9tQ-w-DDMGI-00070-00036908-00037411 and it can be stated that after 20 years of medicine will look completely different. 
+9tQ-w-DDMGI-00071-00037510-00037993 What do we need for doing all this? You need two things: money and people. 
+9tQ-w-DDMGI-00072-00038085-00038481 Here you see a poster “The conquest of aging - the strategic task of the state".
+9tQ-w-DDMGI-00073-00038481-00038918 Unfortunately it is not true, this is how we wish that it were.
+9tQ-w-DDMGI-00074-00038963-00039473 In fact, the state is engaged in anything but that. 
+9tQ-w-DDMGI-00075-00039598-00040744 Many have probably heard a figure: 20 trillion for will be spend for arms purchases in Russia, in this decade.
+9tQ-w-DDMGI-00076-00040793-00041112 Think about this figure. Not billions but trillions! 
+9tQ-w-DDMGI-00077-00041185-00041749 This is a monstrous figure, the money will be spent on something that would kill people. 
+9tQ-w-DDMGI-00078-00041769-00042333 Moreover, it is only for the purchase, a few trillion will be spent on upgrading army computers, 
+9tQ-w-DDMGI-00079-00042333-00042984 also some money to feed an army, too, so it will take about 30 trillion. 
+9tQ-w-DDMGI-00080-00043066-00043807 If just 0,1% of that amount will be allocated to the fight against aging, 
+9tQ-w-DDMGI-00081-00043902-00044792 the situation will be seriously changed, because now very few money are allocated to this direction.
+9tQ-w-DDMGI-00082-00045019-00045403 I understand that it does not pretend to be 1% of that,
+9tQ-w-DDMGI-00083-00045403-00045949 it is clear that as the budget will not pull it, but I think 1 / 1000 can be invested. 
+9tQ-w-DDMGI-00084-00046203-00046439 Second resource is people. 
+9tQ-w-DDMGI-00085-00046510-00047319 People can spend any amount of money they have, we know that. 
+9tQ-w-DDMGI-00086-00047406-00048051 We need people who can actually do it and I would encourage people, 
+9tQ-w-DDMGI-00087-00048051-00048583 especially young people, today, to reconsider their plans, 
+9tQ-w-DDMGI-00088-00048583-00049272 to stop seeking the career of government official or (as it is now fashionable) bankers. 
+9tQ-w-DDMGI-00089-00049272-00049711 Yes, it is profitable, the money would be much greater. 
+9tQ-w-DDMGI-00090-00049711-00050514 Go practice biology, practice medicine, study physics and its nanotechnology, 
+9tQ-w-DDMGI-00091-00050514-00051182 because revolution is caused by this sciences. 
+9tQ-w-DDMGI-00092-00051182-00051432 It is already being done, it already occurs. 
+9tQ-w-DDMGI-00093-00051470-00052061 And the last thing I want to say is that people are better than animals in many ways. 
+9tQ-w-DDMGI-00094-00052061-00052961 We are smarter (someone can argue at the expense of dolphins) in general we are smarter than all the animals, 
+9tQ-w-DDMGI-00095-00052961-00053862 man can outrun a horse or a cheetah with a car, a man on an airplane flies better than a bird, 
+9tQ-w-DDMGI-00096-00053862-00054479 a submarine swims better than a fish, a rocket  jumps higher than a kangaroo. 
+9tQ-w-DDMGI-00097-00054479-00055121 n all respects we are ahead of animals, there is only one animal that is ahead of us - it's a turtle. 
+9tQ-w-DDMGI-00098-00055121-00055351 Turtles live longer than humans. 
+9tQ-w-DDMGI-00099-00055351-00055986 Let's make an effort to make the final leap and surpass the Turtles! Thank you! 
+9tQ-w-DDMGI-00100-00056355-00056512 Thank you, Igor! 
+9tQ-w-DDMGI-00101-00056641-00057261 The next performance will be devoted of the most obscure subject, 
+9tQ-w-DDMGI-00102-00057261-00057834 but for those who knows modern science fiction and capabilities of computers  it will be quite clear. 
+9tQ-w-DDMGI-00103-00057834-00058460 We have heard the words "transfer human consciousness into a computer or save person on a computer" 
+9tQ-w-DDMGI-00104-00058460-00058997 and the next speaker understands it better than anyone, he knows how can it be done and what it stands for.
+9tQ-w-DDMGI-00105-00058997-00059702 The next speaker, a specialist in neurocybernetics, Doctor of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Vitaly L. Tunin-Barkovsky, 
+9tQ-w-DDMGI-00106-00059702-00060016 professor, department head at the center of optics technology 
+9tQ-w-DDMGI-00107-00060016-00060413 and neural systems studies of Russian Academy of Sciences. Welcome.
+9uGivd6I9d8-00000-00000488-00000868 So I'm spending loads of times in classes right now watching teachers at
+9uGivd6I9d8-00001-00000868-00001144 different of different sorts teach students difficult mathematics, and I'm seeing one
+9uGivd6I9d8-00002-00001144-00001536 particular feature of teachers that lead to classes that are deeply engaged in
+9uGivd6I9d8-00003-00001536-00001891 learning mathematics. And what's better what's best, is it's not some like major
+9uGivd6I9d8-00004-00001892-00002245 shift in mentality that's kind of hard to produce. Sometimes it's actually
+9uGivd6I9d8-00005-00002245-00002748 keeping this shift can be exercised like jumping jacks are much easier for me
+9uGivd6I9d8-00006-00002749-00003126 than to actually have changed my way of thinking about exercise and food and so
+9uGivd6I9d8-00007-00003127-00003535 here's the deal here's deal. What I'm seeing is teachers who are curious about
+9uGivd6I9d8-00008-00003535-00004026 their students lead to classes that are engaged and productive, and this isn't
+9uGivd6I9d8-00009-00004026-00004401 this is not simple. Oftentimes student thinking is kind of scary and
+9uGivd6I9d8-00010-00004401-00004712 nerve-wracking like it shows like the students think about math in very
+9uGivd6I9d8-00011-00004712-00005187 unexpected and surprising ways sometimes and so the discipline for teachers is to
+9uGivd6I9d8-00012-00005187-00005676 figure out a way to not be put off by that diversity of thinking the different
+9uGivd6I9d8-00013-00005676-00006001 ways the students know mathematics and what they bring the table, but instead be
+9uGivd6I9d8-00014-00006001-00006328 interested in that and deeply curious about it and trying to elicit that even
+9uGivd6I9d8-00015-00006328-00006901 more. And the way to do that I think is using mobile phones smart phones say use
+9uGivd6I9d8-00016-00006901-00007294 the camera on your phone to take pictures of very interesting student
+9uGivd6I9d8-00017-00007294-00007777 work and share it with students to just say hey isn't this interesting. That's the
+9uGivd6I9d8-00018-00007777-00008173 baseline jumping-jacks level exercise that could help teachers then become
+9uGivd6I9d8-00019-00008173-00008509 more curious about students and students to realize, wow, my teacher's really
+9uGivd6I9d8-00020-00008509-00008851 interested in me and not just like I'm imposing on that teacher's agenda or her own
+9uGivd6I9d8-00021-00008851-00009196 way of thinking on me. Classroom culture develops, students
+9uGivd6I9d8-00022-00009196-00009586 are more interested in the work, teachers assign work that is that then leads to
+9uGivd6I9d8-00023-00009586-00009955 more interesting and diverse student thinking because the teacher
+9uGivd6I9d8-00024-00009955-00010360 becomes more curious about that and wants to get more of that so the teacher
+9uGivd6I9d8-00025-00010360-00010747 can start assigning like, um, estimation type problems or argument type problems
+9uGivd6I9d8-00026-00010747-00011074 or comparison problems where before the only problems that were assigned were
+9uGivd6I9d8-00027-00011074-00011581 calculation type problems which has like one right answer. Instead now, as a
+9uGivd6I9d8-00028-00011581-00012015 teacher, like I loved what happens when when students realize that I am
+9uGivd6I9d8-00029-00012015-00012388 interested in them and then they want to participate more in class, so I start to
+9uGivd6I9d8-00030-00012388-00012772 ask assignments I know will lead to interesting kinds of student thought so
+9uGivd6I9d8-00031-00012772-00013126 again that's the transformation that I'm seeing that is really
+9uGivd6I9d8-00032-00013126-00013529 surprising and encouraging, that teachers who are curious about their
+9uGivd6I9d8-00033-00013529-00013985 students see students who are more interested in class and learn math more
+9uGivd6I9d8-00034-00013985-00014471 and a discipline is to have teachers taking pictures of student work
+9uGivd6I9d8-00035-00014471-00014741 documenting student work that's interesting and sharing it with students
+9uGivd6I9d8-00036-00014741-00015310 and sharing it with each other in staff lounges and departmental lounges.
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+9yMlWnjkQfk-00000-00002002-00002162 The great Mongol invasions of
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00001-00002162-00002495 the 13th century left traces of devastation.
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00002-00002559-00002992 Entire cities were depopulated, ethnic groups enslaved and deported,
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00003-00003013-00003366 and Genghis Khan’s family became the most powerful in the world.
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00004-00003379-00003837 The term “Mongol” is still used as an insult on social media today.
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00005-00003840-00004220 But recently, voices have been growing that no longer deny
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00006-00004220-00004634 a certain admiration for these Steppe warriors. In juxtaposition
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00007-00004634-00005135 with the old, decadent world of settled peoples from China to Germany,
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00008-00005138-00005552 the Mongols seem to have been fresh and brave warriors
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00009-00005552-00005879 who hired their men and women, not according to origin
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00010-00005889-00006302 or social position, but according to skill and cleverness.
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00011-00006326-00006736 They were closer to nature than the inhabitants of Chang'an
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00012-00006736-00007143 and more culturally tolerant than the Crusaders in Jerusalem.
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00013-00007147-00007303 Such a similar admiration
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00014-00007303-00007784 was held by a certain Timur even before the end of the middle Ages.
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00015-00007821-00008238 More than a century after Genghis Khan death, this Turco-Mongol
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00016-00008251-00008635 set himself the goal of reviving the Mongol Empire.
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00017-00008638-00009099 But he himself and his environment in Uzbekistan were nevertheless
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00018-00009099-00009459 influenced by Turks, as was the rest of Central Asia.
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00019-00009476-00009946 And thus he combined ancient Turkic culture with elements of the Mongol
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00020-00009946-00010430 systems of rule, proclaiming himself Emir over Central Asia.
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00021-00010477-00010864 Within a few decades, Timur expanded in all directions.
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00022-00010887-00011314 He spread fear and terror, especially in the Islamic Middle East,
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00023-00011331-00011544 because of his violent ways.
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00024-00011544-00012015 But he was a muslim himself and valued education and the arts.
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00025-00012082-00012435 Timur invited numerous painters and scholars to his court
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00026-00012475-00013006 and had beautiful splendors built that still decorate the cities of Central Asia today.
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00027-00013009-00013510 His reign was the product of a Turco-Mongol synthesis at its height.
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00028-00013546-00013987 But on the way to world domination, Tamir had to remove many obstacles.
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00029-00014017-00014504 The biggest obstacle was he himself.
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00030-00014814-00014958 Central Asia,
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00031-00014958-00015315 home of Timur and of numerous other Steppe warriors.
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00032-00015372-00015899 The term refers to the area between the plains of Mongolia in the east
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00033-00015925-00016312 and the transition of Kazakhstan into Ukraine in the West.
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00034-00016366-00016726 In our present time, Central Asia is politically divided
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00035-00016726-00017067 into states belonging mainly to the Turkic world.
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00036-00017093-00017364 Kazakhs, Turkmen, Kyrgyz,
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00037-00017394-00017767 Uzbeks are all Turkic speakers, meaning
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00038-00017767-00018138 they each speak a different branch of the Turkic language family.
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00039-00018198-00018641 Accordingly, most of Central Asia is known to this day as Turkistan:
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00040-00018675-00018905 "The land of the Turks"
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00041-00018905-00019315 Although the Turkic peoples, linguistically as well as archeologically,
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00042-00019315-00019833 proven probably had their origins further away in Northeast Asia.
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00043-00019839-00020363 [ Prof. Robbeets] So we use this term trend, Eurasian, which was previously called Altaiic,
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00044-00020393-00020930 and we use it in reference to this large group of geographically adjacent languages
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00045-00020930-00021287 stretching all the way from the Pacific in the east
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00046-00021287-00021648 to the Baltic, the Mediterranean and the Black Sea in the West,
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00047-00021648-00022155 and including up to five different non-controversial linguistic families.
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00048-00022182-00022419 So there are the Japnic languages.
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00049-00022425-00022682 Then we have the Korean languages.
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00050-00022685-00022896 Actually, one Korean language.
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00051-00022896-00023139 We have the Tungusic languages.
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00052-00023139-00023526 And then we have the Mongolian languages and then, as you know,
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00053-00023526-00023870 there is not only the Turkish you speak in Turkey,
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00054-00023870-00024494 but there are at least 20 different Turkic languages spoken all across Eurasia.
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00055-00024501-00024868 [NARRATOR] They settled here after the demise of the Gokturks, spreading
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00056-00024868-00025301 the influence of Turkic culture among and along the Caspian Sea.
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00057-00025415-00025662 But even before the Turks arrived,
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00058-00025662-00026102 Central Asia was a place feared by the sedentary population of Eurasia.
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00059-00026106-00026643 The harsh climate, endless steppes and deserts, and the sparse vegetation
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00060-00026643-00027160 forced the inhabitants to practice modesty and hunting and to defend their families
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00061-00027163-00027404 from invaders until their last breath.
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00062-00027517-00028004 This favored they use of bows and arrows because extensive plantation
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00063-00028004-00028414 were rarely possible, and so they developed into an excellent warriors.
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00064-00028438-00028782 Like all the steppe peoples of Eurasia, from Tomris
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00065-00028782-00029112 to Bumin, and from Attila to Genghis Khan,
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00066-00029115-00029366 the rulers of the steppe peoples
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00067-00029389-00029823 were at the same time a nightmare for their sedentary neighbors.
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00068-00029849-00030256 In many epic battles, they spread fear and terror
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00069-00030270-00030573 from China to Persia to Europe.
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00070-00030607-00031014 At least, that was the tenor of these people who saw
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00071-00031014-00031608 in the tribes of Central Asia nothing more than a collection of infidel savages.
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00072-00031654-00031988 And Genghis Khan may have exceeded their expectations.
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00073-00032025-00032452 Within three decades, he incorporated large parts of Eurasia
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00074-00032452-00032812 into his new empire under the term Mongol.
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00075-00032819-00033249 Many tribes then migrated to the occupied territories,
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00076-00033293-00033700 but despite many similarities, the arrival of the Mongols
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00077-00033700-00034094 here in Central Asia was not universally welcomed.
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00078-00034144-00034664 On the contrary, the majority Turkic inhabitants were victims of sieges
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00079-00034664-00035115 and massacres, just as the Chinese who were living 5000 kilometers away.
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00080-00035128-00035432 Cities like Bukhara and Samarkand
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00081-00035445-00035862 had been important trading posts along the Silk Road until then,
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00082-00035919-00036216 with the arrivals of the Mongols that came to an end.
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00083-00036229-00036720 The force with which Central Asia was hit was so great that the region
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00084-00036720-00037197 could neither recover economically nor unify politically for decades.
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00085-00037257-00037567 But not everything was destroyed in the Mongol invasion.
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00086-00037610-00037941 There were also some bright spots in that cloudy sky.
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00087-00037994-00038545 The Mongols brought Turks to the cities between Amu Darya and Syr Darya,
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00088-00038581-00039012 namely those who had previously lived at the Altai Mountains,
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00089-00039042-00039452 and the Mongols who had brought with them Chinese armies who had been enslaved
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00090-00039462-00039689 to help the Mongol generals conquer
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00091-00039692-00039993 fortified cities with their siege techniques.
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00092-00040033-00040470 Central Asia once again became a place shaped by many different cultures
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00093-00040490-00040867 in which a phase of economic recovery was now beginning.
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00094-00040930-00041284 Corresponding with these developments, however, was another process
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00095-00041301-00041798 that would shape the future of Central Asia even more than the Mongol invasions.
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00096-00041915-00042118 A Turkic Mongolian product,
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00097-00042118-00042669 "Turco-Mongol" is the correct term used in academia, is the Barlas family
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00098-00042726-00043233 which was comprised of descendants of the Mongol tribe of Borjigin.
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00099-00043296-00043747 They shared the same ancestor as Genghis Khan, a certain Bodonchar,
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00100-00043790-00044033 epic warlord of Mongolia.
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00101-00044134-00044654 400 years after his lifetime, his descendants of the dynasty
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00102-00044657-00045038 had annexed Bukhara, Samarkand and the vast surrounding
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00103-00045038-00045435 area, thus securing Mongol rule in Turkistan.
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00104-00045462-00045865 At the same time, the Barlas also settled in the area.
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00105-00045885-00046326 Unlike the other Mongol tribes, however, the members of the Barlas
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00106-00046326-00046720 had been sedentary and almost always married their children
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00107-00046720-00046930 to members of other tribes.
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00108-00046930-00047260 There was no isolation. Since Turkistan
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00109-00047260-00047604 continued to be literally inhabited by Turks,
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00110-00047607-00047987 the residents then exerted passive pressure on the newcomers
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00111-00047987-00048438 to integrate. And so the Barlas Family first converted to Islam
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00112-00048445-00048765 to a liberal variant also practiced by Turks,
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00113-00048778-00049239 and then adopted the Chagatay Turkic language For several decades,
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00114-00049239-00049566 the Barlas remained one of the most influential families
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00115-00049566-00049896 in Central Asia, controlling the region
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00116-00049909-00050233 of ancient Kish, arguably the oldest
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00117-00050250-00050784 permanently settled city in Central Asia in what is now Uzbekistan.
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00118-00050814-00051254 The area surrounding Kish was attached to the city of Samarkand
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00119-00051254-00051608 and this in turn was part of the Chagatay Khanate.
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00120-00051618-00052112 The state referred to Chagatay, one of Genghis Khan sons to whom
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00121-00052112-00052589 Central Asia's administration was imposed  after his father's death.
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00122-00052632-00052992 At that time, the Mongols continued to rule over almost
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00123-00052996-00053423 all of Eurasia, but in four zones that fought among themselves.
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00124-00053429-00053766 The Yuan dynasty ruled over a unified China.
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00125-00053777-00054084 Mongolia, Southeast Asia and Korea.
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00126-00054140-00054561 The Golden Horde ruled the Western Eurasian steppe, the Ilkhanate,
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00127-00054564-00055004 the Iranian influenced Middle Eastern region. And the Chagatay khanate
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00128-00055014-00055335 the trade in oasis cities of Central Asia.
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00129-00055391-00055932 In contrast to the other three empires, the Chagatay Khanate had a Turkic influence
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00130-00055955-00056396 from the beginning because, as with the Barlas family,
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00131-00056433-00056786 other Mongols married and merged with the resident Turks.
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00132-00056806-00057280 But by the late 13th century, a period of constant warfare
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00133-00057280-00057777 with neighboring states had set in, especially with the Delhi Sultanate.
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00134-00057780-00058011 Religious motives were also commonplace.
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00135-00058071-00058451 Stability in the empire secured by cities such as Tashkent,
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00136-00058481-00058852 Kashgar, Turfan and Kabul began to falter.
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00137-00058888-00059185 The grandsons of Genghis Khan were fighting each other
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00138-00059199-00059476 for a piece of land stretched over two continents.
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00139-00059526-00059839 Mongol unity was a distant prospect,
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00140-00059873-00060437 and the influence of the Mongols continued to decline due to their assimilation.
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00141-00060487-00060740 Then in 1336,
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00142-00060767-00061181 a boy named Timur came into the world in that city of Kish.
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00143-00061234-00061698 He was born into this uncertain era, surrounded by wars and expulsions
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00144-00061698-00062125 on one hand, and a new Turco-Mongol euphoria on the other.
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00145-00062138-00062378 He was nonetheless to rise above
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00146-00062378-00062762 and become one of the greatest generals in human history.
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00147-00062836-00063083 Whether a terror or a role model,
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00148-00063119-00063453 he was, in any case, a remarkable personality
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00149-00063479-00063803 and one of the most interesting figures of the Middle Ages.
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00150-00063833-00064274 But how did Timur manage to do this?
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00151-00064461-00064697 Nothing is known about Timur's mother,
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00152-00064714-00065104 a certain Tikina Hatun, except that she died
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00153-00065104-00065305 when Timur was still a child.
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00154-00065305-00065722 His father's name was Taraghai, a supposedly lesser
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00155-00065722-00066055 nobleman, but one who had influence and prestige.
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00156-00066079-00066449 Accordingly, Timur also grew up in a wealthy family.
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00157-00066469-00066763 Taraghai is also described by the traveler
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00158-00066763-00067137 and scholar Arab Shah as a magnate, i.e.
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00159-00067150-00067577 a high ranking and wealthy nobleman at the Court of Emir Hussein.
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00160-00067577-00067714 Kara Unas.
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00161-00067714-00068221 In the 14th century, the MongolKara Unas held sway here, before
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00162-00068221-00068415 later moving on to Afghanistan.
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00163-00068415-00068952 Today's Hazara in northern Afghanistan see themselves as their descendants.
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00164-00068975-00069399 In any case, Taraghai  was also able to position himself
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00165-00069399-00069913 as a good friend of Hamid Kereyid, the leader of the Khanate of Moghulistan.
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00166-00069959-00070333 This state has spread in the area north of the Tengri
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00167-00070350-00070900 Khan mountain range and was most likely an independent entity from the Chagatay
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00168-00070900-00071364 khanate. Timur's family was thus based in the Chagatay area,
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00169-00071387-00071755 but maintained good relations with the hostile neighboring states.
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00170-00071781-00072092 This fact, as well as the good position of the Barlas
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00171-00072092-00072419 family, was quite conducive to Timur's career.
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00172-00072439-00072882 Accustomed to riding in hunting from an early age, he established himself
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00173-00072899-00073042 as a talented fighter.
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00174-00073042-00073363 As a teenager, he had gathered a troupe of ambitious
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00175-00073363-00073777 young men behind him and whom he had regularly attacked travelers,
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00176-00073807-00074184 especially merchants, and stole their valuable and exotic goods.
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00177-00074220-00074701 He therefore quickly rose to the rank of mercenary. Being son of the popular Taraghai,
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00178-00074721-00075185 he engaged in numerous military operations of the Chagatay Khanate,
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00179-00075195-00075548 but also allowed himself to be hired by other rulers.
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00180-00075558-00075819 The figure closest to him was Kazagan
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00181-00075835-00076309 the successor of Hussein, and now amid over the Khaante.
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00182-00076409-00076756 This Amir maintained good relations with the Delhi Sultanate,
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00183-00076756-00077110 which it had helped out with several thousand soldiers
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00184-00077110-00077544 to put down rebellions against the rule of Mohammad Bin Tuglugh.
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00185-00077577-00078148 This event illustrates the precarious yet favorable position of the Chagatay Khaante.
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00186-00078148-00078601 On the one hand, it was surrounded by neighbors who were constantly at war
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00187-00078601-00078932 with each other or whose rule had become unstable.
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00188-00078935-00079355 On the other hand, many ambitious young politicians
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00189-00079355-00079699 saw this as an opportunity for future expansion.
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00190-00079732-00079913 One of them was Timur.
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00191-00079913-00080276 Around 1360, he started his first major operations.
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00192-00080280-00080687 First, he gained experience in a series of punitive expeditions
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00193-00080700-00081097 in Transoxiana, capturing a lot of money for the Amir.
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00194-00081111-00081414 He received his share, of course.
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00195-00081414-00081708 After Kazagan subjugated the Volga Bulgars
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00196-00081734-00082095 Timur than attacked the Chorasan cities on his orders.
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00197-00082145-00082679 Despite the widespread Mongol invasions, not every piece of the land in the former
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00198-00082679-00083046 empire was under control of Genghis Khan's successors.
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00199-00083072-00083553 Accordingly, Kazagan despatched the now 30 year old Timur to subdue
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00200-00083570-00083683 the local lords.
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00201-00083683-00084073 Timor's thousand men army even helped him to go further
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00202-00084087-00084431 and conquer settlements in Khzwarzemia and Urench.
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00203-00084464-00084888 Shortly thereafter Kazagan was killed by the son of an influential Mongol.
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00204-00084888-00085405 As a result, a succession dispute broke out. Tughlugh of Kashgar,
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00205-00085408-00085782 who also happened to be named Timur and was Khan of Moghulistan,
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00206-00085782-00086276 attacked the Chatagay Khaante  from the north and plundered the border region.
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00207-00086276-00086399 Timur was sent out
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00208-00086399-00086860 to the heirs of the throne to negotiate with Tughlugh, and joined him instead.
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00209-00086923-00087273 In the process, Timur took his followers with him and received
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00210-00087273-00087737 a wide strip of Transoxiana as a reward, thus
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00211-00087737-00088124 being allowed to rule those places he had conquered for Kazagan.
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00212-00088131-00088551 Shortly before, at the same time, his father, Taraghai, died.
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00213-00088575-00088902 Timur now endowed with some prestige and above
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00214-00088902-00089289 all territory, rose to become the head of the Barlas family.
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00215-00089289-00089629 Tughlugh meanwhile, declared himself ruler of the Chagatay Khanate
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00216-00089629-00089943 and eagerly distributed posts.
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00217-00089956-00090453 But the coronation of his son, Elias, as the new Lord of Transoxiana, met
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00218-00090453-00090764 with massive opposition, especially from Timur,
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00219-00090767-00090857 who had been promised
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00220-00090857-00091241 the territory only a short time before. The ruler of Moghulistan
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00221-00091241-00091758 was known among their neighbors in the Chagatay Khanate for their ruthlessness.
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00222-00091758-00092278 For this reason, Tughlugh had also had to contend with rebellions at home.
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00223-00092285-00092745 Seizing the opportunity, Timur allied with his private companion, Amir
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00224-00092749-00093176 Hussein, grandson of Kazagan, against Tughlugh.
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00225-00093276-00093413 Although outnumbered,
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00226-00093413-00093823 the two commanders drove the invaders back to the steppe.
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00227-00093827-00094120 All these events revealed to us two important facts
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00228-00094140-00094367 that were crucial to Timur's career.
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00229-00094451-00094851 First, opportunism. Between his first mission
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00230-00094851-00095375 in the late 1350s and his victory over Moghulistan in 1363,
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00231-00095385-00095665 he had changed sides several times.
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00232-00095682-00096045 It did not matter to Timur with whom he allied himself.
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00233-00096085-00096409 Rather, he initially sided with the likely victor
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00234-00096422-00096816 and then switched sides again as soon as he saw his power in danger,
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00235-00096816-00097200 or the possibility of expanding his sphere of influence before his eyes
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00236-00097257-00097610 And associated with this: meritocracy.
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00237-00097660-00098014 For Timur, membership of any particular tribe
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00238-00098034-00098388 or linguistic differences were unimportant factors
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00239-00098388-00098625 What were important in his decision making, then?
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00240-00098655-00099179 A person's performance, talent, experience and wisdom.
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00241-00099209-00099529 He had joined Kazagan because his father had given him
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00242-00099529-00099652 certain privilege.
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00243-00099652-00099959 But as his sons vied for power, Timur
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00244-00099959-00100200 did not see them as worthy successors.
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00245-00100286-00100670 Nevertheless, Timur was not naive, of course.
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00246-00100677-00101077 He exploited his family background in his favor, wherever possible,
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00247-00101101-00101421 and this includes his kinship with Genghis Khan.
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00248-00101448-00101718 Whether Timor was something special from the beginning?
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00249-00101758-00102015 Did he see himself as the chosen one
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00250-00102038-00102322 who, unlike the other Turco-Mongols,
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00251-00102352-00102709 would be a worthy successor to the great rulers of the steppe?
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00252-00102729-00102876 Perhaps.
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00253-00102876-00103276 But first he had to prove himself as a local ruler
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00254-00103276-00103500 before he could ascend to Khan.
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00255-00103500-00103616 Only those
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00256-00103616-00104073 who have a good connection to the people will be able to secure their support.
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00257-00104220-00104334 After Kish,
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00258-00104334-00104767 Balkh was the second important city in Timur's biography.
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00259-00104838-00105365 Here in the far north of Afghanistan, he had earned a good reputation
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00260-00105365-00105875 as local ruler. Thus, merchants, tribesmen as well as the religious orders,
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00261-00105875-00106156 the nobles and even the peasants gradually joined him.
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00262-00106199-00106509 For Timur was known to share his property
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00263-00106533-00107003 That is, even his booty from battles with the local inhabitants.
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00264-00107070-00107480 He gave some of what he had gotten to others without paying attention
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00265-00107494-00107871 to which social class or religious community the person came from.
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00266-00107931-00108431 Accordingly, he behaved in a fundamentally opposite manner to Amir Hussein,
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00267-00108448-00108822 his old comrade, who in turn fell into disrepute in his cities
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00268-00108822-00109142 for collecting high taxes and using these revenues
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00269-00109142-00109512 to erect useless, ostentatious buildings in his name.
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00270-00109559-00110013 Hussein was formerly ruler of Balkh leaving Timur to play second fiddle.
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00271-00110113-00110436 Although onece companions, Timur and Hussein had quarreled
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00272-00110450-00110767 for the head of the Barlas had proposed to finally
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00273-00110767-00111064 defeat Elias militarily near Tashkent.
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00274-00111084-00111397 But Hussein did not pursue the matter and risked
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00275-00111397-00111795 a return of the Mongols.
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00276-00111795-00112105 In 1372, a decisive battle between him and Timur took place.
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00277-00112128-00112582 The head of the Barlas crossed the river, Amu Darya, also known as Ceyhun
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00278-00112599-00112919 in Turkish, and surrounded Balkh with his army.
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00279-00112969-00113366 Hussein's soldiers rushed outside, not wanting to be in the position
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00280-00113366-00113496 of the besieged.
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00281-00113496-00113753 But this allowed Timur's troops to get inside.
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00282-00113760-00114120 They marched into the interior of Balkh at a remarkable pace
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00283-00114150-00114377 to secure in all the streets from the defenders.
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00284-00114394-00114671 They came to a halt in front of the Citadel.
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00285-00114684-00114898 Hussein had locked himself in here,
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00286-00114918-00115341 leaving the rest of the city, its own inhabitants, to the looters.
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00287-00115375-00115535 Hussein came out and offered
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00288-00115535-00115899 Timur to leave the area and make the pilgrimage to Mecca.
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00289-00115929-00116412 In return, he demanded amnesty for himself. Although Timur agreed,
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00290-00116416-00116763 Hussein met the opportunist with suspicion and fled.
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00291-00116790-00117096 Timur's men were eventually able to catch him and captured him.
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00292-00117117-00117504 He was killed, but at the hands of Kai Chosrow,
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00293-00117507-00117797 who wanted to finish a blood feud with Hussein.
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00294-00117821-00118284 Timur could now proclaim himself the new rightful ruler of the city.
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00295-00118284-00118605 And since Hussein's wife, Saray Khagatun,
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00296-00118618-00118902 was a direct descendant of Genghis Khan,
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00297-00118932-00119309 Timur reached out to her and married her, thus providing
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00298-00119312-00119599 economic security for her and her children.
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00299-00119632-00120099 Since the other successors to the throne had been eliminated one by one,
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00300-00120126-00120330 also with Timor's intervention,
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00301-00120356-00120850 he intended to declare himself officially "Khan" of the Chagatay Khanate.
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00302-00120894-00121251 and at the same time rightful heir of Genghis Khan.
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00303-00121294-00121718 One coincidence followed the next. Since he had not been allowed
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00304-00121718-00122101 to have this proclamation recognized according to Mongolian law,
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00305-00122105-00122495 a marriage did not make one the heir of Genghis Khan,
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00306-00122499-00122689 he had an original descendant,
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00307-00122689-00122982 Soyur Gatmish, proclaimed Khan.
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00308-00123029-00123573 In return, Timur took the informal title of "Son in law": Gurkani.
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00309-00123626-00124043 He imitated Hussein and the others, boasted the official title
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00310-00124043-00124437 of a mayor and henceforth ruled behind the scenes sovereignly
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00311-00124437-00124944 over a piece of land in the West and informally over the Chagatay Khanate.
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00312-00124968-00125295 Even a blind man with a cane would have noticed
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00313-00125308-00125675 that it was not the official Khan, but a certain emir
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00314-00125688-00126002 who constantly returned home victorious from battles
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00315-00126015-00126386 and who was regularly celebrated as a hero by the people.
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00316-00126422-00126973 This happened among other places in Balkh, which Timur initially had plundered
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00317-00126973-00127524 as punishment, but then rebuilt and chose as a place for political meetings.
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00318-00127530-00127937 In any case, no one stood in Timur's way any more.
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00319-00127944-00128478 He had achieved his first major goal, that of sovereignty in his homeland.
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00320-00128525-00128982 The second goal concerned the surrounding region. With the battle of Balkh,
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00321-00128992-00129535 he had secured his rule over Transoxiana, and he had further great ambitions.
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00322-00129576-00129883 Perhaps too ambitious, too big
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00323-00129883-00130220 for a small prince like him, surrounded by superpowers.
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00324-00130223-00130730 But Timur proceeded step by step in his great campaigns of conquest.
+9yMlWnjkQfk-00325-00130730-00130987 His patience would indeed pay off.
+9zAGT23vgZI-00000-00000754-00001010 The monsoon winds are here,
+9zAGT23vgZI-00001-00001010-00001244 cool and nice.
+9zAGT23vgZI-00002-00001244-00001556 Yet to rain.
+9zAGT23vgZI-00003-00001556-00002302 Tamil Nadu has been shy of rain for some time.
+9zAGT23vgZI-00004-00002302-00002660 Those of you who've been through the summer here,
+9zAGT23vgZI-00005-00002660-00003340 you understand the blessing of the monsoon breeze.
+9zAGT23vgZI-00006-00003340-00004026 So we need to understand this.
+9zAGT23vgZI-00007-00004026-00004576 The water on the planet has always been the same quantity.
+9zAGT23vgZI-00008-00004576-00005094 The question is: who will have it?
+9zAGT23vgZI-00009-00005094-00005800 Sometimes it's here, sometimes it's there, sometimes it's somewhere else.
+9zAGT23vgZI-00010-00005800-00005974 We just have to know:
+9zAGT23vgZI-00011-00005974-00006520 what do we have to do to get it here?
+9zAGT23vgZI-00012-00006520-00006894 But, never has it so happened.
+9zAGT23vgZI-00013-00006894-00007616 People think the water is gone somewhere. It's not gone anywhere.
+9zAGT23vgZI-00014-00007616-00007890 It's just here
+9zAGT23vgZI-00015-00007890-00008192 but, maybe not available to us.
+9zAGT23vgZI-00016-00008192-00008580 That's the only problem.
+9zAGT23vgZI-00017-00008580-00009240 The same goes for grace. It's just like attracting rain, just like that.
+9zAGT23vgZI-00018-00009240-00009636 The grace is always there, abundantly there.
+9zAGT23vgZI-00019-00009636-00010652 The question is only: "Will I get it or not ?", that's only the question.
+9zAGT23vgZI-00020-00010652-00011538 The rain, the rain-bearing clouds, they have no discretion.
+9zAGT23vgZI-00021-00011538-00011918 They are willing to shed their load anywhere.
+9zAGT23vgZI-00022-00011918-00012364 They're eager to shed, as quickly as possible.
+9zAGT23vgZI-00023-00012364-00012646 But you must sit here and watch
+9zAGT23vgZI-00024-00012646-00013166 whether they will shed it here or they will passes and shed it somewhere else.
+9zAGT23vgZI-00025-00013166-00013641 This means we're doing something wrong.
+9zAGT23vgZI-00026-00013641-00014224 This means we do not know how to draw the rain.
+9zAGT23vgZI-00027-00014224-00014468 Because we are little English educated
+9zAGT23vgZI-00028-00014468-00015680 and we've been singing: "Rain, rain, go away!"
+9zAGT23vgZI-00029-00015680-00015850 This happened...
+9zAGT23vgZI-00030-00015850-00016406 it actually happened and this is a fact.
+9zAGT23vgZI-00031-00016406-00016860 The Japanese...
+9zAGT23vgZI-00032-00016860-00017008 Anybody here?
+9zAGT23vgZI-00033-00017008-00017186 No only Chinese.
+9zAGT23vgZI-00034-00017186-00017412 No Japanese.
+9zAGT23vgZI-00035-00017412-00018252 The Japanese people eat much less fat than the Americans and the British.
+9zAGT23vgZI-00036-00018252-00019312 Because of this, people believe they have much less incidence of cardiac arrest.
+9zAGT23vgZI-00037-00019312-00019886 Less people in Japan die of heart failures and heart attacks
+9zAGT23vgZI-00038-00019886-00020448 than they do in UK and in United States.
+9zAGT23vgZI-00039-00020448-00020722 But the French
+9zAGT23vgZI-00040-00020722-00020934 eat a lot more fat,
+9zAGT23vgZI-00041-00020934-00022342 but still, they have much less incidence of cardiac problems compared to the British and the Americans.
+9zAGT23vgZI-00042-00022342-00022786 The Japanese people don't drink much wine,
+9zAGT23vgZI-00043-00022786-00023206 so they have much less cardiac problems.
+9zAGT23vgZI-00044-00023206-00023682 But the Italians drink only wine
+9zAGT23vgZI-00045-00023682-00024382 and they also have much less cardiac problems than the English and Americans.
+9zAGT23vgZI-00046-00024382-00024628 So the deduction is...
+9zAGT23vgZI-00047-00024628-00025344 it is the English language which is the problem!
+9zAGT23vgZI-00048-00026000-00026283 The English speaking which is the problem.
+9zAGT23vgZI-00049-00026403-00026706 So this has been a problem everywhere, that...
+9zAGT23vgZI-00050-00026808-00027205 we try to transplant what is happening in one place
+9zAGT23vgZI-00051-00027207-00027476 simply as it is in another place.
+9zAGT23vgZI-00052-00027605-00027882 Not just geographically and culturally,
+9zAGT23vgZI-00053-00027927-00028175 even from individual to individual.
+9zAGT23vgZI-00054-00028515-00028782 That, what worked for one person,
+9zAGT23vgZI-00055-00028885-00029404 We try to make it work for another person and destroy that person completely.
+9zAGT23vgZI-00056-00029560-00029935 Unfortunately, this is labeled as education.
+9zAGT23vgZI-00057-00030047-00030237 Mass-producing people.
+9zAGT23vgZI-00058-00030624-00031014 Though we are a mass of people on this planet, a huge number
+9zAGT23vgZI-00059-00031017-00031194 over 7 billion people,
+9zAGT23vgZI-00060-00031196-00031624 still you were produced individually, not mass produced, are you ?
+9zAGT23vgZI-00061-00031626-00031963 Right from my childhood, I have been noticing this
+9zAGT23vgZI-00062-00032061-00032610 that most adults want to teach something when they see children
+9zAGT23vgZI-00063-00032728-00033141 all those damn things which have not worked in their life.
+9zAGT23vgZI-00064-00033338-00033746 This is one vow you have to take with me, that is,
+9zAGT23vgZI-00065-00033749-00033997 from this moment onwards in your life,
+9zAGT23vgZI-00066-00033999-00034249 you will not pass on anything
+9zAGT23vgZI-00067-00034252-00034553 that has not worked for you to anybody else.
+9zAGT23vgZI-00068-00034614-00034747 Allô ?
+9zAGT23vgZI-00069-00034909-00035266 Even if you cannot pass on the best things to other people,
+9zAGT23vgZI-00070-00035269-00035597 at least what has not worked for you, you don't give it to anybody.
+9zAGT23vgZI-00071-00035599-00035760 Will you do this?
+9zAGT23vgZI-00072-00035959-00036132 Does anger work for you ?
+9zAGT23vgZI-00073-00036193-00036416 So don't give it to anybody.
+9zAGT23vgZI-00074-00036419-00036608 Does misery work for you?
+9zAGT23vgZI-00075-00036671-00036871 Does depression work for you?
+9zAGT23vgZI-00076-00037045-00037432 So if you are angry, if you're depressed, you're miserable,
+9zAGT23vgZI-00077-00037434-00037607 just shut up.
+9zAGT23vgZI-00078-00037651-00037780 Okay?
+9zAGT23vgZI-00079-00037838-00038094 And sit in one place and handle it.
+9zAGT23vgZI-00080-00038217-00038728 But the miserable people are the ones who are always talking and sharing.
+9zAGT23vgZI-00081-00038868-00039047 When they're joyful,
+9zAGT23vgZI-00082-00039128-00039324 they may not talk so much.
+9zAGT23vgZI-00083-00039326-00039628 When they're miserable, they talk a lot.
+9zAGT23vgZI-00084-00039709-00039865 Will you take care of this,
+9zAGT23vgZI-00085-00039867-00040267 that what is not working for you you will not give it to anybody.
+9zAGT23vgZI-00086-00040351-00040666 This much, this much sense we have,
+9zAGT23vgZI-00087-00040669-00040896 this much sense we must have.
+9zAGT23vgZI-00088-00041029-00041380 If you do not have the best things, it doesn't matter.
+9zAGT23vgZI-00089-00041382-00041704 At least what doesn't work, don't pass it on.
+9zAGT23vgZI-00090-00041707-00041882 Let it die with you.
+9zAGT23vgZI-00091-00042014-00042287 I would like you also to be blissed out.
+9zAGT23vgZI-00092-00042290-00042550 But you want to die miserably, it's up to you.
+9zAGT23vgZI-00093-00042553-00042834 But at least don't infect the world.
+9zAGT23vgZI-00094-00043065-00043184 Yes ?
+9zAGT23vgZI-00095-00043416-00043755 So this much care everybody must take.
+9zAGT23vgZI-00096-00043854-00044176 Stupid things that don't work for your are happening within you,
+9zAGT23vgZI-00097-00044178-00044352 you must just shut up.
+9zAGT23vgZI-00098-00044485-00044631 Children also ?
+9zAGT23vgZI-00099-00044651-00044763 Yes ?
+9zAGT23vgZI-00100-00044765-00045040 If something is working wonderfully for you,
+9zAGT23vgZI-00101-00045043-00045381 then please chirp, see even the birds know this.
+9zAGT23vgZI-00102-00045763-00046232 They all start tweeting only when they're very happy
+9zAGT23vgZI-00103-00046339-00046627 when they're miserable they will simply sit quietly.
+9AoxaeSax4E-00000-00000352-00000792 Hi there. I'm the Editor-in-Chief of PLOS Climate and I'm here today
+9AoxaeSax4E-00001-00000792-00001192 to talk just a little bit about some of the important issues about the journal,
+9AoxaeSax4E-00002-00001192-00001632 and what we hope it might be able to bring to the audience around the world.
+9AoxaeSax4E-00003-00001632-00002064 So my name is Emma Archer. I'm an Associate Professor at the University of Pretoria here
+9AoxaeSax4E-00004-00002064-00002528 in South Africa, and first of all the key values of the journal are basically around
+9AoxaeSax4E-00005-00002616-00002920 bringing together research to tackle obviously
+9AoxaeSax4E-00006-00002920-00003400 some of the most profound challenges of our time—climate change—at a range of scales,
+9AoxaeSax4E-00007-00003400-00003896 and helping to empower decision makers and practitioners with the most up-to-date evidence.
+9AoxaeSax4E-00008-00003952-00004440 Being a PLOS journal, obviously open science is fundamental, so that's around improving
+9AoxaeSax4E-00009-00004440-00004968 access amongst other things to research both for authors publishing and to the audience.
+9AoxaeSax4E-00010-00005104-00005392 What we're hoping that PLOS Climate will bring to the community,
+9AoxaeSax4E-00011-00005456-00005856 will be basically giving opportunities for authors and for readers,
+9AoxaeSax4E-00012-00005856-00006352 maybe from a wider and less traditional series of backgrounds than perhaps we've seen in the past,
+9AoxaeSax4E-00013-00006352-00006823 and that includes the global south. And if we look at the future, well 2021,
+9AoxaeSax4E-00014-00006823-00007264 is a very exciting year to have launched PLOS Climate. Obviously we have these very landmark
+9AoxaeSax4E-00015-00007320-00007631 scientific meetings, including the COP [UN Climate Change Conference of the Parties] in Glasgow
+9AoxaeSax4E-00016-00007631-00008104 next month. And we think that there are amazing opportunities starting this year going into the
+9AoxaeSax4E-00017-00008104-00008672 future to if you like take science out of the lab, or from some of the more traditional environments,
+9AoxaeSax4E-00018-00008672-00009496 and to really make it available for decision makers, practitioners, and policy makers.
+9DvSwdg8q-M-00000-00002260-00002752 The project aims to explore the collection  from a critical perspective, 
+9DvSwdg8q-M-00001-00002856-00003168 which is why we have selected  a series of artists 
+9DvSwdg8q-M-00002-00003196-00003496 we believe are highly representative  of feminist film.
+9DvSwdg8q-M-00003-00003528-00004020 Our aim this year is to digitise and curate  a series of films by Sandra Lahire, 
+9DvSwdg8q-M-00004-00004064-00004364 to which end we have  generated an interesting 
+9DvSwdg8q-M-00005-00004384-00004568 symbiosis between archive  and curating students.
+9DvSwdg8q-M-00006-00006292-00006644 It would be wonderful to be able to extend  our recovery research work 
+9DvSwdg8q-M-00007-00006668-00007023 to this kind of film also,  not only in London, 
+9DvSwdg8q-M-00008-00007048-00007480 but also perhaps in our country,  and even in our local region and environment.
+9DBWLOfzfmg-00000-00000000-00000806 I was reading Dan Brown's novel "Origin" this summer in the book the two
+9DBWLOfzfmg-00001-00000806-00001354 questions raised that the novel's characters try and grapple with are
+9DBWLOfzfmg-00002-00001354-00001882 where do we come from and where are we going
+9DBWLOfzfmg-00003-00001882-00002485 the question of where we come from is answered in the book by the usual
+9DBWLOfzfmg-00004-00002485-00003200 scientific descriptions of evolution but using evolution as a starting point it
+9DBWLOfzfmg-00005-00003200-00003905 poses an answer also to where are we going I'm not going to spoil the ending
+9DBWLOfzfmg-00006-00003905-00004430 for those who have not read the book but it was both a glorification of emerging
+9DBWLOfzfmg-00007-00004430-00005142 technologies and a cautionary tale about those same technologies for those who
+9DBWLOfzfmg-00008-00005142-00005526 read the book perhaps you interpreted it differently and we can talk about that
+9DBWLOfzfmg-00009-00005526-00006221 another time but the book made me think about the ways that we inevitably as
+9DBWLOfzfmg-00010-00006221-00006858 thinking beings imagine our future so I spent some time reading about the
+9DBWLOfzfmg-00011-00006858-00007401 different ways that different people are thinking about the future some of them
+9DBWLOfzfmg-00012-00007401-00008358 are fascinating some are scary and some are both one of the more benign futurist
+9DBWLOfzfmg-00013-00008358-00008934 visions that's already becoming a reality our smart houses these houses
+9DBWLOfzfmg-00014-00008934-00009657 say they provide safety and security they have cameras on every side and they
+9DBWLOfzfmg-00015-00009657-00010260 contain a small annual bunch of smart devices a refrigerator that monitors
+9DBWLOfzfmg-00016-00010260-00010811 what groceries are needed it orders them for us I'm not sure I trust my
+9DBWLOfzfmg-00017-00010811-00011256 refrigerator to do my shopping for me although it might cut down on impulse
+9DBWLOfzfmg-00018-00011256-00011489 buys
+9DBWLOfzfmg-00019-00011530-00012227 but there are other futurist scenarios that go further the scientist Ray
+9DBWLOfzfmg-00020-00012227-00013031 Kurzweil imagines that by 2029 the singularity will be reached that is the
+9DBWLOfzfmg-00021-00013031-00013741 time when computers and machines become smarter than humans various cautionary
+9DBWLOfzfmg-00022-00013741-00014243 sci-fi novels have explored this possibility and none of their scenarios
+9DBWLOfzfmg-00023-00014243-00014774 have turned out particularly well but kurtzweil believes that that's because
+9DBWLOfzfmg-00024-00014774-00015311 their scenarios are fiction he believes that the human brain will eventually be
+9DBWLOfzfmg-00025-00015311-00015913 able to feed into these intelligent machines thereby creating a transhuman
+9DBWLOfzfmg-00026-00015913-00016523 hybrid of machine and human able to transcend anything that the human brain
+9DBWLOfzfmg-00027-00016523-00017327 could accomplish on its own just Bezos the founder and CEO of Amazon wants to
+9DBWLOfzfmg-00028-00017327-00017807 use his a hundred and twenty five billion dollar fortune to create an
+9DBWLOfzfmg-00029-00017807-00018406 additional private space program and figure out how to get humans into space
+9DBWLOfzfmg-00030-00018406-00019145 he imagines that eventually most humans will live in space space he says has
+9DBWLOfzfmg-00031-00019145-00019795 room for trillions of humans so we should take advantage he literally said
+9DBWLOfzfmg-00032-00019795-00020312 in an interview with Business Insider the only way that I can see to deploy
+9DBWLOfzfmg-00033-00020312-00020843 this much financial resource is converting my Amazon winnings into space
+9DBWLOfzfmg-00034-00020843-00021506 travel it is never quite clear in the article we're in space humans are going
+9DBWLOfzfmg-00035-00021506-00022139 to be living there also now a few companies exploring the mining of
+9DBWLOfzfmg-00036-00022139-00022645 asteroids apparently from the pieces of meteors and asteroids that have fallen
+9DBWLOfzfmg-00037-00022645-00023258 to earth we have discovered that there are metals on these asteroids and that
+9DBWLOfzfmg-00038-00023258-00023729 these near Earth and that these asteroids with near-earth orbits we
+9DBWLOfzfmg-00039-00023729-00024284 can't extract gold and platinum maybe other things we just need to figure out
+9DBWLOfzfmg-00040-00024284-00024792 the asteroids that have the best odds of containing these precious
+9DBWLOfzfmg-00041-00024792-00025590 I listen to a podcast called teen human the host Douglas rushkoff explores the
+9DBWLOfzfmg-00042-00025590-00026160 relationship between humans and emerging technologies he's always asking the
+9DBWLOfzfmg-00043-00026160-00026922 question however how is technology being used to create a better world for all in
+9DBWLOfzfmg-00044-00026922-00027357 other words how do we act and use technology that enables us not just
+9DBWLOfzfmg-00045-00027357-00028014 necessarily to be more plugged in but to be more fully human he was asked
+9DBWLOfzfmg-00046-00028014-00028589 recently to speak at a conference about the future of Technology expecting to
+9DBWLOfzfmg-00047-00028589-00029124 speak before an audience in a lecture hall he was surprised to find himself in
+9DBWLOfzfmg-00048-00029124-00029937 a room with five billionaire hedge fund managers after asking him some mundane
+9DBWLOfzfmg-00049-00029937-00030417 questions they finally got to the question they were most interested in
+9DBWLOfzfmg-00050-00030417-00030951 and about which they spoke in their remaining time together and their
+9DBWLOfzfmg-00051-00030951-00031598 question was how do I maintain authority over my security force after the event
+9DBWLOfzfmg-00052-00031598-00032136 in other words this event meant irreversible catastrophic climate change
+9DBWLOfzfmg-00053-00032136-00032742 perhaps social unrest nuclear war or such other events that would leave them
+9DBWLOfzfmg-00054-00032742-00033465 vulnerable particularly if their money was no longer worth than anything among
+9DBWLOfzfmg-00055-00033465-00033963 their suggestions were shock collars in return for survival and things of that
+9DBWLOfzfmg-00056-00033963-00034776 nature their fear is not necessarily unfounded guy McPherson retired climate
+9DBWLOfzfmg-00057-00034776-00035343 scientist believes that humans maybe have 10 years left before the planet
+9DBWLOfzfmg-00058-00035343-00035847 becomes uninhabitable and humans become the victims of the sixth great
+9DBWLOfzfmg-00059-00035847-00036426 extinction all right even if it takes a lot longer for humans to become extinct
+9DBWLOfzfmg-00060-00036426-00036923 my first thought when I read stuff like these techno visions of the future is
+9DBWLOfzfmg-00061-00036923-00037802 Wow the wrong people have the money and my second thought is fleetingly what
+9DBWLOfzfmg-00062-00037802-00038305 if their techno visions have some merit maybe asteroid mining is a good idea
+9DBWLOfzfmg-00063-00038305-00038885 maybe people will enjoy traveling to Mars or wherever else Jeff Bezos thinks
+9DBWLOfzfmg-00064-00038885-00039383 up to send them maybe integrating our brains with some AI capable machines
+9DBWLOfzfmg-00065-00039383-00039899 thus creating a form of super more than human is a good idea so I'm always
+9DBWLOfzfmg-00066-00039899-00040384 second-guessing my utter revulsion at the thought of these ideas I ask myself
+9DBWLOfzfmg-00067-00040384-00041006 am I just a curmudgeon or do I really have a fickle and moral objections to
+9DBWLOfzfmg-00068-00041006-00041657 these and other emerging technologies I think my biggest objection to the
+9DBWLOfzfmg-00069-00041657-00042230 aforementioned technologies is that they're escape technologies they enable
+9DBWLOfzfmg-00070-00042230-00042986 a person in some way shape or form to transcend the human condition even what
+9DBWLOfzfmg-00071-00042986-00043498 might be considered a somewhat benign smart house is in a way a very
+9DBWLOfzfmg-00072-00043498-00044063 individual escape fortress a person can escape into an automatically
+9DBWLOfzfmg-00073-00044063-00044471 climate-controlled space which is carefully monitored by outdoor security
+9DBWLOfzfmg-00074-00044471-00045086 cameras and security systems that can enable them to feel safe because of all
+9DBWLOfzfmg-00075-00045086-00045566 the smart houses I browsed on the internet security systems are their
+9DBWLOfzfmg-00076-00045566-00046175 baseline feature there is a fear of the unknown other who might transgress
+9DBWLOfzfmg-00077-00046175-00046838 they're secured space even something as simple as a smart refrigerator enables a
+9DBWLOfzfmg-00078-00046838-00047447 person to avoid having to have the experience of picking out ripe fruit or
+9DBWLOfzfmg-00079-00047447-00048326 of even knowing how they are visions that are born of fear fear of death in
+9DBWLOfzfmg-00080-00048326-00048902 the case of Ray Kurzweil who seems afraid of the fact that in the future he
+9DBWLOfzfmg-00081-00048902-00049643 like everyone else may no longer exist in a material way in the case of Jeff
+9DBWLOfzfmg-00082-00049643-00050198 Bezos escaping the damage we have wrought on the planet by simply moving
+9DBWLOfzfmg-00083-00050198-00050583 someplace else without wondering how
+9DBWLOfzfmg-00084-00050583-00051045 laughs maybe with a hundred and twenty three billion dollars there might be a
+9DBWLOfzfmg-00085-00051045-00051621 way to help imagine a solution to environmental degradation instead of
+9DBWLOfzfmg-00086-00051621-00052296 escaping it or exporting it to other planets as for asteroid mining it is
+9DBWLOfzfmg-00087-00052296-00052779 simply a way for people to continue an extractive mindset that has been
+9DBWLOfzfmg-00088-00052779-00053408 destructive of this planet and it would continue to be destructive elsewhere
+9DBWLOfzfmg-00089-00053408-00054189 my mind reels at these visions and in our reading this morning by Stephen
+9DBWLOfzfmg-00090-00054189-00054864 Schick we heard about another kind of vision the vision of Juan gari mitai to
+9DBWLOfzfmg-00091-00054864-00055608 plant trees in the implementation of her vision thousands of women working in
+9DBWLOfzfmg-00092-00055608-00056202 community planted millions of trees you see what's missing in those
+9DBWLOfzfmg-00093-00056202-00056729 aforementioned visions was what was present in Wangari Maathai
+9DBWLOfzfmg-00094-00056729-00057537 and what was present was human relationship was community in order to
+9DBWLOfzfmg-00095-00057537-00058020 create a different kind of future we must envision it before we can live into
+9DBWLOfzfmg-00096-00058020-00058524 it the aforementioned visions are possible because people are currently
+9DBWLOfzfmg-00097-00058524-00059216 working toward these visions but there are other ways to envision the future
+9DBWLOfzfmg-00098-00059216-00059787 Jennifer Nordstrom in the book justice on Earth imagines another vision
+9DBWLOfzfmg-00099-00059787-00060498 she writes I hold a vision of beloved community beyond the Rison of my own
+9DBWLOfzfmg-00100-00060498-00061128 knowing in this community of human and non-human beings we live with each other
+9DBWLOfzfmg-00101-00061128-00061746 and the earth we work together to nourish and sustain the earth we eat
+9DBWLOfzfmg-00102-00061746-00062342 well but we do not take more than we need from each other or the earth we
+9DBWLOfzfmg-00103-00062342-00063003 have diverse flourishing cultures that cooperate with respect and learn from
+9DBWLOfzfmg-00104-00063003-00063357 one another without prejudice or hierarchy
+9DBWLOfzfmg-00105-00063357-00064127 we celebrate every day and we appreciate the joys of living we use our minds to
+9DBWLOfzfmg-00106-00064127-00064997 the benefit of life not death we live in tune with the rhythms of our own hearts
+9DBWLOfzfmg-00107-00064997-00065681 her vision is decidedly vague but it describes an ethic we can live in - I
+9DBWLOfzfmg-00108-00065681-00066237 live in an intentional community and I have security around my house it's not
+9DBWLOfzfmg-00109-00066237-00066930 in the form of cameras it's in the form of people who know and love me I am
+9DBWLOfzfmg-00110-00066930-00067375 never afraid in my own house even without carefully programmed
+9DBWLOfzfmg-00111-00067375-00067883 climate-controlled interior in the summer my windows and even sometimes my
+9DBWLOfzfmg-00112-00067883-00068363 doors they're deliberately left open people walk into my house without
+9DBWLOfzfmg-00113-00068363-00068750 knocking sometimes inconveniently and I like it
+9DBWLOfzfmg-00114-00068750-00069231 that way and I am at the point in my life that if someone would happen to
+9DBWLOfzfmg-00115-00069231-00069954 come in and take something I think I might be relieved
+9DBWLOfzfmg-00116-00069954-00070485 I don't own very many things that I think would be particularly too valuable
+9DBWLOfzfmg-00117-00070485-00071152 to anyone else even if they could find them in the chaos that is my house
+9DBWLOfzfmg-00118-00071152-00071706 security for the future is not found in shock collars and the control of a
+9DBWLOfzfmg-00119-00071706-00072279 security force but rather in the warmth of community in a past week I
+9DBWLOfzfmg-00120-00072279-00073094 experienced a loss my friend mark died unexpectedly last weekend yesterday was
+9DBWLOfzfmg-00121-00073094-00073613 his memorial service the church in which the memorial service was held
+9DBWLOfzfmg-00122-00073613-00074201 deliberately chosen for its large worship space was packed as I looked
+9DBWLOfzfmg-00123-00074201-00074669 around the sanctuary I saw a vast range of people from a
+9DBWLOfzfmg-00124-00074669-00075269 broad range of communities in which mark was involved as he was eulogized I
+9DBWLOfzfmg-00125-00075269-00076116 realized the many ways his kindness and friendship was felt by so many people he
+9DBWLOfzfmg-00126-00076116-00076814 was not a brain integrated into a smart smart machine but a life integrated into
+9DBWLOfzfmg-00127-00076814-00077414 the networks of community of which he was part and because of that I believe
+9DBWLOfzfmg-00128-00077414-00078147 he will live forever in coming into this community I have felt the warmth of
+9DBWLOfzfmg-00129-00078147-00078707 people who love each other every time I talk to someone they say you will love
+9DBWLOfzfmg-00130-00078707-00079329 it here there is a commitment here to community in the many ways that people
+9DBWLOfzfmg-00131-00079329-00079949 here are connected from the people on a capital campaign committee to those
+9DBWLOfzfmg-00132-00079949-00080477 stewards who showed up for training - the way a large group of volunteers have
+9DBWLOfzfmg-00133-00080477-00081081 already signed up to teach re and to the many others who populate the different
+9DBWLOfzfmg-00134-00081081-00081782 committees here and keeps things running because any vision of the future always
+9DBWLOfzfmg-00135-00081782-00082506 begins in the present Douglas rushkoff gave the billionaire hedge fund managers
+9DBWLOfzfmg-00136-00082506-00083001 a little advice after they had exhausted their shot-caller speculations about the
+9DBWLOfzfmg-00137-00083001-00083527 future he said I told them that their best bet
+9DBWLOfzfmg-00138-00083527-00084289 would be to treat those people really well right now they should be engaging
+9DBWLOfzfmg-00139-00084289-00084874 with their security staffs as if they were members of their own family and the
+9DBWLOfzfmg-00140-00084874-00085366 more they could expand this ethos of inclusivity to the rest of their
+9DBWLOfzfmg-00141-00085366-00085896 business practices supply chain management sustainability efforts and
+9DBWLOfzfmg-00142-00085896-00086758 wealth distribution the less chance an event would actually happen and he said
+9DBWLOfzfmg-00143-00086758-00087394 they didn't buy it despite all their power and wealth they could not even
+9DBWLOfzfmg-00144-00087394-00087985 think that they could affect the future the best they hoped for was a seat on a
+9DBWLOfzfmg-00145-00087985-00088780 rocket to Mars I find that incredibly sad but despite their pessimism I think
+9DBWLOfzfmg-00146-00088780-00089311 that creating beloved community right here and now is a better bet than a
+9DBWLOfzfmg-00147-00089311-00089923 rocket to Mars and I think many of us are lucky enough to belong communities
+9DBWLOfzfmg-00148-00089923-00090631 in which that vision is possible we're voting today on a tangible way for us to
+9DBWLOfzfmg-00149-00090631-00091294 hold that beloved community both now and in the future so there in 10 years and
+9DBWLOfzfmg-00150-00091294-00092014 20 years when another intern comes here they will hear as I did you are going to
+9DBWLOfzfmg-00151-00092014-00092574 love it here amen and blessed be
+9FCa2tDzbZ4-00000-00000087-00000978 So once I got to my town in China in March 1997, one thing was brought to my attention
+9FCa2tDzbZ4-00001-00000978-00001404 And for the next 3 years, was quite often brought to my attention.
+9FCa2tDzbZ4-00002-00001404-00001784 How different I actually was.
+9FCa2tDzbZ4-00003-00001784-00002653 In my city of 500,000 people I spent 3 years being told quite often that I was a foreigner.
+9FCa2tDzbZ4-00004-00002653-00002886 People would point to me in the street and they would say
+9FCa2tDzbZ4-00005-00002886-00003490 "Hello foreigner", or "there's a foreigner" Now, none of it was meant in a bad way, none
+9FCa2tDzbZ4-00006-00003490-00003665 of it was to make me feel bad.
+9FCa2tDzbZ4-00007-00003665-00004155 It was just that all these people at the time were very surprised to see a foreigner in
+9FCa2tDzbZ4-00008-00004155-00004255 my city.
+9FCa2tDzbZ4-00009-00004255-00004769 Now there was one extreme case where I really did realize that I was probably quite different
+9FCa2tDzbZ4-00010-00004769-00005162 to everyone else around me, and that was on a train funnily enough.
+9FCa2tDzbZ4-00011-00005162-00005514 So one day I'm sat on the train, i'm reading a book, minding my own business.
+9FCa2tDzbZ4-00012-00005514-00006151 I'm in a carriage of sleeper bunks, there about 100 people around me
+9FCa2tDzbZ4-00013-00006151-00006537 and then this woman comes in and she is carrying a small child.
+9FCa2tDzbZ4-00014-00006537-00006809 I don't think much of it.
+9FCa2tDzbZ4-00015-00006809-00006918 Lots of people travelling.
+9FCa2tDzbZ4-00016-00006918-00007106 Lots of people have children.
+9FCa2tDzbZ4-00017-00007106-00007723 Everything is fine until she actually gets near me and her small child notices
+9FCa2tDzbZ4-00018-00007723-00008397 the strange foreigner sitting at the window and her immediate reaction was to start screaming,
+9FCa2tDzbZ4-00019-00008397-00008756 and screaming and not stopping.
+9FCa2tDzbZ4-00020-00008756-00009356 Eventually the mother had to take the child away to the next carriage to calm her down.
+9FCa2tDzbZ4-00021-00009356-00009592 A few people were chuckling about this and I thought,
+9FCa2tDzbZ4-00022-00009592-00009935 well yes, I am a foreigner in China, well, I should expect this.
+9FCa2tDzbZ4-00023-00009935-00010322 But what I didn't expect was when the woman came back after half an hour later with the
+9FCa2tDzbZ4-00024-00010322-00010422 child again.
+9FCa2tDzbZ4-00025-00010422-00010959 And, it happened again, and again, and again until the point was the whole carriage of
+9FCa2tDzbZ4-00026-00010959-00011603 over 100 people were laughing at the small child being afraid of the strange foreigner
+9FCa2tDzbZ4-00027-00011603-00011825 sat by the window.
+9FCa2tDzbZ4-00028-00011825-00012692 Now, that taught me something very important, that I was different, and people saw me differently
+9FCa2tDzbZ4-00029-00012692-00013303 and it forced me to reassess my view of my place in the world.
+9FCa2tDzbZ4-00030-00013303-00013681 We tend to believe in ourselves and that our view is the one that matters
+9FCa2tDzbZ4-00031-00013681-00014098 but all those people around you will have very different viewpoints.
+9FCa2tDzbZ4-00032-00014098-00014557 And it helps you understand that you need to understand others
+9FCa2tDzbZ4-00033-00014557-00014969 and the way that they see the world and the way they see you.
+9FCa2tDzbZ4-00034-00014969-00015397 Now sometimes, my students here at Prague College have told me, that you know,
+9FCa2tDzbZ4-00035-00015397-00015881 they come to the Czech Republic and it's very different to what they are used to at home.
+9FCa2tDzbZ4-00036-00015881-00016275 They sometimes tell me that they are made to feel a little bit different.
+9FCa2tDzbZ4-00037-00016275-00016767 My advice is, don't let it bother you.
+9FCa2tDzbZ4-00038-00016767-00017129 Understand that they're seeing coming from a very different perspective.
+9FCa2tDzbZ4-00039-00017129-00017656 They're seeing you through their eyes, they're not seeing you through your eyes.
+9FCa2tDzbZ4-00040-00017656-00018093 If you can accept that then when you go abroad, anywhere abroad
+9FCa2tDzbZ4-00041-00018093-00018618 your experience will be much better, much more rewarding
+9FCa2tDzbZ4-00042-00018618-00019056 and some of the frustrations you may feel about being in a new place
+9FCa2tDzbZ4-00043-00019056-00019548 or being treated differently or as I was, as a very scary figure for a small child
+9FCa2tDzbZ4-00044-00019548-00019740 It won't bother you at all
+9FVLdxCaBTI-00000-00000151-00000350 Everyone
+9FVLdxCaBTI-00001-00000396-00000586 has the
+9FVLdxCaBTI-00002-00000604-00000770 right
+9FVLdxCaBTI-00003-00000788-00000945 to
+9FVLdxCaBTI-00004-00000969-00001115 life
+9FVLdxCaBTI-00005-00001161-00001312 liberty
+9FVLdxCaBTI-00006-00001354-00001475 and
+9FVLdxCaBTI-00007-00001520-00001646 security
+9FVLdxCaBTI-00008-00001712-00002070 of person.
+9FVLdxCaBTI-00009-00002091-00002254 Art 3 of the Human Rights Declaration
+9FVLdxCaBTI-00010-00002395-00003157 With DOPDA we aim to put people, independent of financial resources and (social) origin, in a position to stand up on their own for these rights and thereby to develop a healthy lifestyle.
+9FVLdxCaBTI-00011-00003290-00003682 Further information on www.dopda.de
+9FVLdxCaBTI-00012-00003724-00004852 Support us from March, 5th on startnext.com/dopda-first-steps
+9J_OOZt-9HQ-00000-00000024-00000632 i'm here for it i'm here your excitement is i it's refreshing it's just i mean you just like
+9J_OOZt-9HQ-00001-00000632-00001144 like a ball of energy and i love it i i really i really love it and so so talk about talk about the
+9J_OOZt-9HQ-00002-00001144-00001560 name of your podcast and then break it down for us just like you know what can we expect to hear
+9J_OOZt-9HQ-00003-00001560-00002288 on on your show and everything like yeah so um i'm terrible at names terrible so i knew what i like i
+9J_OOZt-9HQ-00004-00002288-00002672 knew what i wanted it to be about and what i want to talk about i was like okay i want to do sports
+9J_OOZt-9HQ-00005-00002672-00003240 i'm doing it because of this this that and i text one of my good friends jason mason um and jason's
+9J_OOZt-9HQ-00006-00003240-00003856 like a writer more creative person in a literature different way and i text him and i was like jace
+9J_OOZt-9HQ-00007-00003856-00004368 i need help with a name and he was like okay like what are you what do you want the podcast to be
+9J_OOZt-9HQ-00008-00004368-00004776 about i'm like okay well like i'm starting i want to talk about sports i want to have
+9J_OOZt-9HQ-00009-00004776-00005288 controversial conversations i want to have you know conversations about general things of sports
+9J_OOZt-9HQ-00010-00005288-00005736 i'm like i am a woman i want to host it by myself a lot of the top sports podcasts i
+9J_OOZt-9HQ-00011-00005736-00006288 listen to don't have women who are leading it so that's the gist he was like okay um let me
+9J_OOZt-9HQ-00012-00006288-00006752 think of something i'm gonna come back to you i was like cool so i was getting it other things
+9J_OOZt-9HQ-00013-00006752-00007184 together and he had texted me and was like okay these are a couple options he sent me four or five
+9J_OOZt-9HQ-00014-00007248-00007912 and the two that stood out to me was make it make sense and you're wrong sir and i was like oh make
+9J_OOZt-9HQ-00015-00007912-00008520 it make sense like i like that one that was my one and i was like hmm wait and through my research i
+9J_OOZt-9HQ-00016-00008520-00008896 had seen like you want something that's kind of different than what other people have especially
+9J_OOZt-9HQ-00017-00008896-00009440 because i'm starting and this is new i looked up make it make sense i have a podcast and everybody
+9J_OOZt-9HQ-00018-00009440-00010000 had the name and i was like okay so i can't use that because like i'm not that well versed
+9J_OOZt-9HQ-00019-00010000-00010416 within this and i need people to automatically have my stuff come up when they look for it
+9J_OOZt-9HQ-00020-00010416-00010824 so i was like okay and i'm thinking and i'm like you're wrong sir that's a little aggressive
+9J_OOZt-9HQ-00021-00010888-00011208 and i was like it was first thing i was saying i'm like that's aggressive and i'm thinking
+9J_OOZt-9HQ-00022-00011272-00011640 i'm like i asked like other people's opinion like what do you think about this they were like
+9J_OOZt-9HQ-00023-00011640-00012256 i like that i'm like okay so it started you know growing on me and then at that point i was like
+9J_OOZt-9HQ-00024-00012256-00012800 this aligns perfectly with what i want to talk about and who i wanted to represent um and so for
+9J_OOZt-9HQ-00025-00012800-00013256 me you're wrong sir it's kind of like a pun and i think a lot of people always tell me like oh i
+9J_OOZt-9HQ-00026-00013256-00013760 love your podcast name and so the first thing that i wanted to do is catch your attention like you
+9J_OOZt-9HQ-00027-00013760-00014224 may not know who i am but you may see your wrong sir and be like what is she talking about you
+9J_OOZt-9HQ-00028-00014224-00014760 know it can make you mad or it can be like oh yeah like let me tune in but you're probably gonna look
+9J_OOZt-9HQ-00029-00014760-00015480 because i made you feel some type of emotion and so um for me it's kind of defying there was some
+9J_OOZt-9HQ-00030-00015480-00016008 advice that i got from somebody named noah and she told me a lot of women are gonna be like hey
+9J_OOZt-9HQ-00031-00016088-00016552 you know i'm a woman within sports and this is so male dominated and honestly like after
+9J_OOZt-9HQ-00032-00016552-00017000 a while that gets played out okay so you're a woman all right cool but why should i hire
+9J_OOZt-9HQ-00033-00017000-00017552 you why should i listen to you how do you stand out within this industry and that was like some
+9J_OOZt-9HQ-00034-00017552-00018176 of the greatest advice she gave me because she said that you need to come to people right when
+9J_OOZt-9HQ-00035-00018176-00018680 they underestimate you and give them and know things that they would not expect you to know
+9J_OOZt-9HQ-00036-00018768-00019200 and so i was like okay like this is what i want to talk about like being a little girl
+9J_OOZt-9HQ-00037-00019200-00019808 growing up being a basketball player you know as a girl it's like oh you who yeah who play my song
+9J_OOZt-9HQ-00038-00019808-00020256 let me see if you can really who and little things like that and you always have to get compared to
+9J_OOZt-9HQ-00039-00020256-00020920 other males and continuously prove yourself and so for me it's like you're wrong like i can do this
+9J_OOZt-9HQ-00040-00020920-00021536 i'm knowledgeable we can dominate this industry also and it's just really a message too so yeah
+9JV4r77fI7U-00000-00000159-00000335 Here we are today at the BC Legislature.
+9JV4r77fI7U-00001-00000335-00000754 I have the great pleasure of announcing the new BC Mining Jobs Task Force.
+9JV4r77fI7U-00002-00000758-00001236 Mining has had a long standing tradition here in British Columbia, some of the best-paying
+9JV4r77fI7U-00003-00001236-00001818 jobs in this province, 30,000 family supporting jobs and 1,100 businesses.
+9JV4r77fI7U-00004-00001818-00002257 We want to make sure that that not only continues but we're able to grow those jobs.
+9JV4r77fI7U-00005-00002257-00002658 That we're able to ensure that people can enter into the industry and have life-long careers.
+9JV4r77fI7U-00006-00002658-00002992 We're really excited to be a part of the  BC Jobs Task Force.
+9JV4r77fI7U-00007-00002992-00003444 For us as an industry, for the Mining Association of BC and our partners, it's about ensuring
+9JV4r77fI7U-00008-00003444-00003619 we have a globally competitive industry.
+9JV4r77fI7U-00009-00003619-00004112 As we move to a low-carbon economy, mining plays an integral role.
+9JV4r77fI7U-00010-00004112-00004520 So behind me we have an electric vehicle today. The copper in that vehicle,
+9JV4r77fI7U-00011-00004522-00004923 the silver in that vehicle,  the steelmaking coal, the aluminum, the gold,
+9JV4r77fI7U-00012-00004923-00005355 all of that is necessary and all of that comes from the ground here in British Columbia.
+9JV4r77fI7U-00013-00005455-00005926 The really exciting thing about this transition to electrification is that technology plays
+9JV4r77fI7U-00014-00005926-00006362 such a huge piece in this. Those hubs of innovation that are starting here in the province, actually
+9JV4r77fI7U-00015-00006362-00006697 supplying the mining industry and it's a really exciting time for us.
+9JV4r77fI7U-00016-00006697-00007188 I'm looking forward to getting more electric vehicles on the road that are produced right
+9JV4r77fI7U-00017-00007188-00007376 here with minerals from our ground.
+9KfvhfsUuIE-00000-00000114-00000692 A cousin of the white trillium, the red trillium is distinguished by its deep maroon colour.
+9KfvhfsUuIE-00001-00000692-00001274 In springtime, it can be spotted in maple stands whether the soil is rich or poor.
+9KfvhfsUuIE-00002-00001274-00002058 The very unpleasant odour given off by its flowers attracts insects, which pollinate the plant and spread its fruit.
+9KfvhfsUuIE-00003-00002058-00002528 The purple trillium takes at least 10 years to produce its first bloom.
+9OvTv-N061E-00000-00000584-00000952 To understand the social mission of our group
+9OvTv-N061E-00001-00000952-00001344 we have to refer to our founding texts which explained that
+9OvTv-N061E-00002-00001344-00001668 we would contribute,
+9OvTv-N061E-00003-00001668-00002080 with other organizations, to significantly improve
+9OvTv-N061E-00004-00002080-00002320 the social development of our country.
+9OvTv-N061E-00005-00002320-00002540 This is what we did from the start
+9OvTv-N061E-00006-00002540-00002840 through the funding of small and medium enterprises
+9OvTv-N061E-00007-00002840-00003279 and also through supporting moroccans living abroad.
+9OvTv-N061E-00008-00003279-00003492 At the beginning, we were the first group supporting
+9OvTv-N061E-00009-00003492-00003608 moroccans abroad.
+9OvTv-N061E-00010-00003608-00003979 The 'Banque Populaire for Microcrédit' Foundation,
+9OvTv-N061E-00011-00003979-00004272 now called Attawfiq,
+9OvTv-N061E-00012-00004272-00004492 is an institution
+9OvTv-N061E-00013-00004492-00004776 created in 2000.
+9OvTv-N061E-00014-00004776-00004988 Our experience in microcredit, however
+9OvTv-N061E-00015-00004988-00005316 started two years before,
+9OvTv-N061E-00016-00005316-00005704 in 1998 more precisely.
+9OvTv-N061E-00017-00005704-00006040 One should remember that in the 90s,
+9OvTv-N061E-00018-00006040-00006236 Morocco was just coming out of
+9OvTv-N061E-00019-00006236-00006720 a rather difficult structural adjustment period,
+9OvTv-N061E-00020-00006720-00007116 and this structural adjustment had led to
+9OvTv-N061E-00021-00007116-00007568 extremely severe social imbalances
+9OvTv-N061E-00022-00007568-00008072 resulting in unemployment, mainly for the young.
+9OvTv-N061E-00023-00008072-00008480 So, at the end of the structural adjustment period,
+9OvTv-N061E-00024-00008480-00008796 the government decided
+9OvTv-N061E-00025-00008796-00009192 to address the poverty issue
+9OvTv-N061E-00026-00009192-00009436 and integrate the young in the labour market.
+9OvTv-N061E-00027-00009436-00009720 Several instruments were implemented
+9OvTv-N061E-00028-00009720-00009920 for new entrepreneurs,
+9OvTv-N061E-00029-00009920-00010444 and also for the populations that can not access
+9OvTv-N061E-00030-00010444-00010644 traditional lending.
+9OvTv-N061E-00031-00010644-00010844 One of these instruments
+9OvTv-N061E-00032-00010844-00011044 was microcredit.
+9OvTv-N061E-00033-00011044-00011244 Therefore,
+9OvTv-N061E-00034-00011244-00011784 the Banque Populaire group wanted to support the State in its effort to integrate the young
+9OvTv-N061E-00035-00011784-00012348 which is why we created the Banque Populaire Foundation for microcredit.
+9OvTv-N061E-00036-00012348-00012684 The Foundation had three main mission objectives:
+9OvTv-N061E-00037-00012684-00013224 helping people in need to create their businesses,
+9OvTv-N061E-00038-00013224-00013432 helping informal sector
+9OvTv-N061E-00039-00013432-00013591 entrepreneurs
+9OvTv-N061E-00040-00013591-00013836 to modernize their businesses,
+9OvTv-N061E-00041-00013836-00014076 and support them
+9OvTv-N061E-00042-00014076-00014408 with funding and training
+9OvTv-N061E-00043-00014408-00014584 in order to progressively
+9OvTv-N061E-00044-00014584-00014732 help their formalization.
+9OvTv-N061E-00045-00014732-00015152 This was the main natural mission we had to fulfill.
+9OvTv-N061E-00046-00015152-00015404 So we started with
+9OvTv-N061E-00047-00015404-00015804 a pilot experiment in 1998.
+9OvTv-N061E-00048-00015804-00016304 In two years we have had success, although unexpected,
+9OvTv-N061E-00049-00016304-00016848 therefore when we got licensed in 2000
+9OvTv-N061E-00050-00016848-00017080 the Banque Populaire group
+9OvTv-N061E-00051-00017080-00017388 decided to allow a budget
+9OvTv-N061E-00052-00017388-00017600 to our Banque Populaire Foundation
+9OvTv-N061E-00053-00017600-00017952 amounting to 20 million dollars over 4 years
+9OvTv-N061E-00054-00017952-00018040 to support its development.
+9OvTv-N061E-00055-00018040-00018352 The Government also funded us
+9OvTv-N061E-00056-00018352-00018796 through the Hassan II Fund. The Fund was around
+9OvTv-N061E-00057-00018796-00019148 200 million dirhams
+9OvTv-N061E-00058-00019148-00019672 to support the development of microfinance institutions.
+9OvTv-N061E-00059-00019672-00020016 We have been lucky to receive this support so early,
+9OvTv-N061E-00060-00020016-00020364 speaking about the whole moroccan microfinance industry,
+9OvTv-N061E-00061-00020364-00020720 thanks to institutions
+9OvTv-N061E-00062-00020720-00021040 such as UNDP and USAID,
+9OvTv-N061E-00063-00021040-00021260 as well as AFD, the French development agency,
+9OvTv-N061E-00064-00021260-00021396 so we received funding,
+9OvTv-N061E-00065-00021396-00021652 technical assistance
+9OvTv-N061E-00066-00021652-00021744 and training.
+9OvTv-N061E-00067-00021744-00022176 One of the advantages our Foundation had compared to
+9OvTv-N061E-00068-00022176-00022416 other microfinance institutions
+9OvTv-N061E-00069-00022416-00022840 was the fact that the Foundation was supported
+9OvTv-N061E-00070-00022840-00023192 by one of the largest banking groups in the country,
+9OvTv-N061E-00071-00023192-00023504 which had in its own genes a culture of proximity,
+9OvTv-N061E-00072-00023504-00023796 as it was a cooperative bank,
+9OvTv-N061E-00073-00023796-00024300 which mainly served very small, small and medium enterprises.
+9OvTv-N061E-00074-00024300-00024556 As we were backed by a banking group,
+9OvTv-N061E-00075-00024556-00024908 which happened to be one of the largest in the country,
+9OvTv-N061E-00076-00024908-00025044 we had
+9OvTv-N061E-00077-00025044-00025236 a governance structure
+9OvTv-N061E-00078-00025236-00025564 with experience and good habits
+9OvTv-N061E-00079-00025564-00025956 in the financial and social fields
+9OvTv-N061E-00080-00025956-00026356 as well as in supervising the organizations
+9OvTv-N061E-00081-00026356-00026712 it funded, such as Attawfiq.
+9OvTv-N061E-00082-00026712-00027152 The governance body also has a very strong experience in
+9OvTv-N061E-00083-00027152-00027324 risk management
+9OvTv-N061E-00084-00027324-00027552 and compliance.
+9OvTv-N061E-00085-00027552-00027820 This is an asset for our Foundation.
+9OvTv-N061E-00086-00027820-00028083 There is also a social report
+9OvTv-N061E-00087-00028083-00028364 that we publish every year
+9OvTv-N061E-00088-00028364-00028560 on the social performance of
+9OvTv-N061E-00089-00028560-00028895 our Foundation, which is presented
+9OvTv-N061E-00090-00028895-00029083 to our Board ; the Board monitors
+9OvTv-N061E-00091-00029083-00029220 what has been done
+9OvTv-N061E-00092-00029220-00029472 and decides on the orientations for coming years.
+9OvTv-N061E-00093-00029472-00029752 Another asset linked to this synergy
+9OvTv-N061E-00094-00029752-00030032 and the support of a banking group,
+9OvTv-N061E-00095-00030032-00030283 is that we can offer
+9OvTv-N061E-00096-00030283-00030588 banking services to our clients.
+9OvTv-N061E-00097-00030588-00030924 For instance, opening a banking account.
+9OvTv-N061E-00098-00030924-00031195 We have now reached a very high proportion
+9OvTv-N061E-00099-00031195-00031532 of clients - over 90% today -
+9OvTv-N061E-00100-00031532-00031772 who own LIB accounts,
+9OvTv-N061E-00101-00031772-00031920 i.e. Low Income Banking accounts.
+9OvTv-N061E-00102-00031920-00032295 As today the industry extends to finance,
+9OvTv-N061E-00103-00032295-00032560 we estimated it was the right time
+9OvTv-N061E-00104-00032560-00032848 to adopt a new visual identity
+9OvTv-N061E-00105-00032848-00033108 and a name enabling us
+9OvTv-N061E-00106-00033108-00033452 to refer to microfinance
+9OvTv-N061E-00107-00033452-00033896 as well as to success.
+9OvTv-N061E-00108-00033896-00034204 So we chose the name "Attawfiq Microfinance"
+9OvTv-N061E-00109-00034204-00034516 which is well suited to the strategy
+9OvTv-N061E-00110-00034516-00034720 that the Foundation now follows.
+9RTp-tOVKB4-00000-00000336-00000919 Thank you for joining our series on supporting mental health my name is astrid staley
+9RTp-tOVKB4-00001-00000919-00001160 and i work in the area of addictions and mental health
+9RTp-tOVKB4-00002-00001304-00001688 it's an area that i'm really passionate about in supporting people with strategies
+9RTp-tOVKB4-00003-00001744-00002224 to increase their mental well-being and also to help them break free from addictive behaviors
+9RTp-tOVKB4-00004-00002360-00002768 i think if there's one thing we can all agree on is that cover 19
+9RTp-tOVKB4-00005-00002824-00003176 has placed increased psychological distress upon us all
+9RTp-tOVKB4-00006-00003424-00003888 Our world has changed and for most of us we wonder if it'll ever be the same
+9RTp-tOVKB4-00007-00004047-00004384 our homes have been turned into office spaces as we work from home
+9RTp-tOVKB4-00008-00004448-00005080 and that's also contributed to an increased sense of isolation school corridors are more often than
+9RTp-tOVKB4-00009-00005080-00005640 not silent as parents find themselves catapulted into juggling multiple roles in any one day
+9RTp-tOVKB4-00010-00005768-00006296 they're a parent they're a teacher and they're also an employee trying to meet deadlines
+9RTp-tOVKB4-00011-00006448-00007072 and all that happens in homes that often have very limited space and let's not forget
+9RTp-tOVKB4-00012-00007072-00007528 that children are also impacted by this increased absence of social connectedness
+9RTp-tOVKB4-00013-00007816-00008152 Living with uncertainty is difficult under normal circumstances
+9RTp-tOVKB4-00014-00008248-00008944 but under our current climate this only heightens anxiety and depression in some instances
+9RTp-tOVKB4-00015-00008944-00009984 substances both legal and illegal have become the tool used to self-soothe psychological distress
+9RTp-tOVKB4-00016-00010080-00010680 Finding effective strategies to manage our mental health at this time is critical and aligns with us
+9RTp-tOVKB4-00017-00010680-00011400 saying that we need to control what we can control and not focus on that which we cannot the focus of
+9RTp-tOVKB4-00018-00011400-00011960 this series is to do just that to control what we could control and that's our mental health
+9RTp-tOVKB4-00019-00012160-00012536 so i look forward to having you join me over the next few weeks and months
+9RTp-tOVKB4-00020-00012592-00013176 as we explore strategies to increase your mental well-being
+9SiOxcVo554-00000-00000003-00000575 Yep, we are making some changes to our debt snowball. Our debt snowball isn't
+9SiOxcVo554-00001-00000575-00001017 really a technical debt snowball, it's a we're just paying off debts in the order
+9SiOxcVo554-00002-00001017-00001434 that we want to pay. We like to call it a debt snowball because we like it to
+9SiOxcVo554-00003-00001434-00001869 roll downhill, it's just we're not putting the smallest to largest...But
+9SiOxcVo554-00004-00001869-00002542 that's gonna change! We are going to make some massive changes to our debt
+9SiOxcVo554-00005-00002544-00002954 snowball, So stick around and see what we're gonna do.
+9SiOxcVo554-00006-00003374-00004028 hey guys it's Wendy Valencia welcome back and guess we are going to be making some huge changes to
+9SiOxcVo554-00007-00004028-00004500 our debt snowball from our original plan you will notice for the last couple of
+9SiOxcVo554-00008-00004500-00005082 months we have not paid off a huge amount of debt and there's a reason for
+9SiOxcVo554-00009-00005082-00005655 that mostly irresponsibility on our part but there are some things happening
+9SiOxcVo554-00010-00005655-00006114 behind the scenes that I'm not quite ready to talk about yet but there are
+9SiOxcVo554-00011-00006114-00006702 gonna be debt payoff changes now I know I am a huge proponent of pickling and
+9SiOxcVo554-00012-00006702-00007308 then stick to it but that's not the case this time we picked a plan we're going
+9SiOxcVo554-00013-00007308-00007854 to focus on our largest debt and pay that off and we put some payments to
+9SiOxcVo554-00014-00007854-00008243 that over the last three months but there's a couple of reasons that we are
+9SiOxcVo554-00015-00008243-00008765 going to be making some changes one Maurizio and I are having issues with
+9SiOxcVo554-00016-00008765-00009300 being motivated that's that's a major factor and so we need some small wins so
+9SiOxcVo554-00017-00009300-00010040 we're gonna pay off the credit card next and that I'm hoping will excite us to
+9SiOxcVo554-00018-00010040-00010371 you know keep going the issue is that now we're not
+9SiOxcVo554-00019-00010371-00010832 struggling financially we weren't terribly struggling before but now we're
+9SiOxcVo554-00020-00010832-00011261 really not and so we're lacking the motivation to get through the last
+9SiOxcVo554-00021-00011261-00011765 little bit and so we feel like the plan that we had picked was gonna be more
+9SiOxcVo554-00022-00011765-00012528 motivating but it's not so we have found that now we're prioritizing family and
+9SiOxcVo554-00023-00012528-00013019 fun over paying off debt and that's not the way it should be so we are gonna go
+9SiOxcVo554-00024-00013019-00013506 back to the snowball and we are going to pay off our credit card so you know if
+9SiOxcVo554-00025-00013506-00014193 you're of the learn from my mistakes cool understand that for us it's a
+9SiOxcVo554-00026-00014193-00014583 motivation thing right now additionally there are some other things
+9SiOxcVo554-00027-00014583-00015093 going on behind the scenes with our living situation which I will get into
+9SiOxcVo554-00028-00015093-00015572 some other time right now everything's up in the air but
+9SiOxcVo554-00029-00015572-00016221 we potentially will need to pause our debt snowball and pile up some cash for
+9SiOxcVo554-00030-00016221-00016950 moving expenses and whatnot so we want to pay off as much as we can as quickly
+9SiOxcVo554-00031-00016950-00017553 as we can before we start piling up cash and that USAA loan was going to take us
+9SiOxcVo554-00032-00017553-00018081 until about May or June to pay off so we're gonna pay off a couple of our
+9SiOxcVo554-00033-00018081-00018555 smaller loans and just plow through them as quickly as possible hopefully over
+9SiOxcVo554-00034-00018555-00018951 the next two months we will get the credit card paid off
+9SiOxcVo554-00035-00018951-00019545 hopefully in February and then in March and April we can tackle the car and
+9SiOxcVo554-00036-00019545-00020163 hopefully at that point everything will be settled and we can go and stockpile
+9SiOxcVo554-00037-00020163-00020811 cash if we need to for moving expenses my graphics are from Undead it I highly
+9SiOxcVo554-00038-00020811-00021222 highly highly recommend it I'll put a link to it down in the description box I
+9SiOxcVo554-00039-00021222-00021693 did a whole video on that and and if you want to learn how to use it it's
+9SiOxcVo554-00040-00021693-00022116 actually quite easy I do recommend it for keeping you motivated in your debt
+9SiOxcVo554-00041-00022116-00022584 payoff and you know looking at the different scenarios and how long it will
+9SiOxcVo554-00042-00022584-00023441 take you to get debt paid off so I'll see you in the next one see ya we're out
+9SiOxcVo554-00043-00023441-00024162 you
+9VSnGx1rrTQ-00000-00000000-00000200 This video is cursed, so please don't watch it
+9VSnGx1rrTQ-00001-00000421-00000621 . It
+9VSnGx1rrTQ-00002-00004202-00004402 's Mikawa Kogen in
+9VSnGx1rrTQ-00003-00005612-00005812 Aichi
+9VSnGx1rrTQ-00004-00009152-00009352 Prefecture
+9VSnGx1rrTQ-00005-00012972-00013172 .
+9ZFD1hJv-MU-00000-00000528-00001080 kilnery's been here a long time it's quiet just the way we like it
+9ZFD1hJv-MU-00001-00001192-00001912 this town is dying this town is not dying what's going on the environmental protection agency
+9ZFD1hJv-MU-00002-00001912-00002264 is running us through the mill about getting these new protocols in place
+9ZFD1hJv-MU-00003-00002264-00002984 they didn't waste any time there is nothing wrong with our chemical plant we make one of a hundred
+9ZFD1hJv-MU-00004-00002984-00003864 compounds used in dog shampoo for the residents of calnary everything is about to change so basically
+9ZFD1hJv-MU-00005-00003864-00004720 um kilnery has been chosen to be the flagship town to to test out this new process however
+9ZFD1hJv-MU-00006-00004720-00005608 there is one slight side effect associated with p172 we just recently discovered what side effect
+9ZFD1hJv-MU-00007-00005720-00006431 we noticed that when laboratory rats are exposed to p172 they experience a dramatic increase in
+9ZFD1hJv-MU-00008-00006431-00007072 their sexual libido what canary will be like sodom and gomorrah you're in a dating site
+9ZFD1hJv-MU-00009-00007072-00007664 yes nancy owens said she got a picture of a guy's penis what yeah it happens a lot i guess
+9ZFD1hJv-MU-00010-00007776-00008136 the girls send pictures oh my god no it doesn't photograph well not that i tried
+9ZFD1hJv-MU-00011-00008216-00009984 he'd have a real breakdown if he knew we were planning an orgy
+9ZFD1hJv-MU-00012-00010128-00011384 what the hell is happening
+9ZFD1hJv-MU-00013-00011544-00012128 seems like things are really kicking up around here i have become a nudist
+9ZFD1hJv-MU-00014-00012544-00013416 this is awesome guess who wants to interview me the time jana said
+9ZFD1hJv-MU-00015-00013416-00014184 that they heard a rumor that uh the the old-timers in kilneary are feeling young and sprightly
+9ZFD1hJv-MU-00016-00014576-00014808 is that what this is about you think you're gonna die
+9ZFD1hJv-MU-00017-00014904-00015663 you can't keep me from dying son but you can keep me from living so i am gonna go home
+9ZFD1hJv-MU-00018-00015663-00016272 and i am gonna think about how this makes me feel and i will not be thinking about you or your rock
+9ZFD1hJv-MU-00019-00016272-00016984 hard body i just said that out loud the thing they feared most may be just what they needed
+9ZFD1hJv-MU-00020-00017376-00017688 i mean most of this in this town or elderly
+9ZFD1hJv-MU-00021-00017688-00018384 i haven't had an erection for 20 years something like this would kill me
+9apDUXe1ETy-00000-00000116-00000316 [♪♪♪]
+9apDUXe1ETy-00001-00000750-00001077 [CAR ACCELERATING]
+9apDUXe1ETy-00002-00007067-00007332 ALL: Hi!
+9apDUXe1ETy-00003-00007332-00007663 CHRIS: We're going up on the mountain by a cable car.
+9apDUXe1ETy-00004-00007663-00007792 STEVEN: Yep.
+9apDUXe1ETy-00005-00007792-00008126 CHRIS: 3,000 meters high. 
+9apDUXe1ETy-00006-00008126-00008392 STEVEN: It's pretty up there.
+9apDUXe1ETy-00007-00008392-00008629 ADAM: How exciting! CHRIS: We're curious!
+9apDUXe1ETy-00008-00008629-00008849 ADAM: Yeah.
+9apDUXe1ETy-00009-00011016-00011268 CHRIS: Whoo!
+9apDUXe1ETy-00010-00011545-00011896 CHRIS: The level is flat as we go here and then it goes up.
+9apDUXe1ETy-00011-00011896-00012081 ADAM: Yes, it's rocking a bit but it's not a big deal.
+9apDUXe1ETy-00012-00020112-00020357 We're on the top!
+9apDUXe1ETy-00013-00020869-00021015 STEVEN: Hi!
+9apDUXe1ETy-00014-00023440-00023662 STEVEN: It's been long time.
+9apDUXe1ETy-00015-00024583-00024955 You see the winding path that is taking us down there.
+9apDUXe1ETy-00016-00024955-00025287 It's good for skiing.
+9apDUXe1ETy-00017-00025287-00025888 Today is fall and it's cool, not cold.
+9apDUXe1ETy-00018-00025888-00026470 When winter comes, we will get a lot of deep snow
+9apDUXe1ETy-00019-00026470-00026648 then you can ski here.
+9apDUXe1ETy-00020-00026648-00027005 For your information, I'm not able to ski because I have no experience.
+9apDUXe1ETy-00021-00027005-00027243 I just don't have any.
+9apDUXe1ETy-00022-00027980-00028507 We took a hike to the bottom on the mountain.
+9apDUXe1ETy-00023-00028507-00028942 You know that we didn't want to go very far
+9apDUXe1ETy-00024-00028942-00029317 because it's very steep and it would be difficult to come back up
+9apDUXe1ETy-00025-00029317-00029494 with a shortage of breath.
+9apDUXe1ETy-00026-00029494-00029868 We went just reasonably far.
+9apDUXe1ETy-00027-00029868-00030456 We finally came back with fresh air.
+9apDUXe1ETy-00028-00030620-00030874 It was worth the exercise.
+9apDUXe1ETy-00029-00031705-00032017 [CHATTING]
+9apDUXe1ETy-00030-00032167-00032528 After taking a hike, we're taking some break.
+9apDUXe1ETy-00031-00033101-00033375 We're going to drink beer together.
+9apDUXe1ETy-00032-00033375-00033555 It tastes good.
+9apDUXe1ETy-00033-00033555-00033761 That one is sweet and mine is bitter.
+9apDUXe1ETy-00034-00033829-00034241 ADAM: When we get back, the cable car will slow down.
+9apDUXe1ETy-00035-00035269-00035536 ADAM: We took a long walk over there.
+9apDUXe1ETy-00036-00035705-00035892 Wow!
+9apDUXe1ETy-00037-00035892-00036149 STEVEN: No wonder we were out of breath. ADAM: Yeah, that's right.
+9apDUXe1ETy-00038-00036149-00036544 CHRIS: Hey, we are having fun going down!
+9apDUXe1ETy-00039-00036544-00036727 ADAM: Yeah.
+9apDUXe1ETy-00040-00037073-00037315 ADAM: Feels like we're going down faster than going up. STEVEN: Yes.
+9apDUXe1ETy-00041-00041807-00042005 [♪♪♪]
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+9cMeeLkfuFo-00000-00000002-00000411 I'm Tim Herrera with the Sacramento County Office of Education, here with another
+9cMeeLkfuFo-00001-00000411-00000822 Teacher of the Year profile. We're speaking with Heather Gohn, who
+9cMeeLkfuFo-00002-00000822-00001238 is the Teacher of the Year 2017 for the Natomas School District.
+9cMeeLkfuFo-00003-00001238-00001657 Thanks for joining us. Thank you so much for having me.
+9cMeeLkfuFo-00004-00001657-00002071 Okay, so you're a third grade teacher at Bannon Creek. Correct.
+9cMeeLkfuFo-00005-00002071-00002484 Okay, so third grade is one of those years. And you always hear the phrase, "learning to read, read to learn."
+9cMeeLkfuFo-00006-00002484-00002903 Explain why third grade is just such a crucial year for reading.
+9cMeeLkfuFo-00007-00002903-00003310 We're really making that jump from
+9cMeeLkfuFo-00008-00003310-00003715 the phonics basics, and the fluency,
+9cMeeLkfuFo-00009-00003715-00004119 and the pronouncing words, and putting them together, to all of a sudden, now,
+9cMeeLkfuFo-00010-00004119-00004528 comprehending everything. We're starting to really think about
+9cMeeLkfuFo-00011-00004528-00004946 what are we reading. And what does it mean.
+9cMeeLkfuFo-00012-00004946-00005355 And what was the author trying to tell us. What was the big idea.
+9cMeeLkfuFo-00013-00005355-00005769 However, I found, with Common Core
+9cMeeLkfuFo-00014-00005769-00006186 really being used now more widely,
+9cMeeLkfuFo-00015-00006186-00006603 we start a lot of that earlier. So, it's becoming less of that jump in third grade because
+9cMeeLkfuFo-00016-00006603-00007017 I had previously taught first grade for one year.
+9cMeeLkfuFo-00017-00007017-00007431 as Common Core had come in, and comprehension
+9cMeeLkfuFo-00018-00007431-00007855 is-that part to "read to learn" is really starting to be pushed a lot earlier.
+9cMeeLkfuFo-00019-00007855-00008261 So, the students are coming into third grade with a little bit more of a
+9cMeeLkfuFo-00020-00008261-00008671 foundation of that. So, it's not the big, huge jump that it used to be.
+9cMeeLkfuFo-00021-00008671-00009088 I feel like, there's still a jump, because there's a lot more expectations, and a lot less
+9cMeeLkfuFo-00022-00009088-00009507 phonics instruction, and fluency instruction, and things like that.
+9cMeeLkfuFo-00023-00009507-00009916 And that emphasis has now moved to that comprehension piece. And understanding.
+9cMeeLkfuFo-00024-00009916-00010333 And the big idea. But the jump isn't quite as big as it used to be.
+9cMeeLkfuFo-00025-00010333-00010752 But there's more independent work by third grade? Yes.
+9cMeeLkfuFo-00026-00010752-00011163 And, not so much independent, as it is
+9cMeeLkfuFo-00027-00011163-00011575 teacher withdrawn, as I like to put it. Because it's not so much them sitting at a desk working independently, but
+9cMeeLkfuFo-00028-00011575-00011995 more collaborating with their fellow classmates.
+9cMeeLkfuFo-00029-00011995-00012400 WIthout me being there with them. Of course,
+9cMeeLkfuFo-00030-00012400-00012809 at the beginning of the year, we always have to train them to do that correctly, but as
+9cMeeLkfuFo-00031-00012809-00013224 the year progresses, there's a lot less for me to do, other than
+9cMeeLkfuFo-00032-00013224-00013644 observe and gather data. And pull out pieces of
+9cMeeLkfuFo-00033-00013644-00014054 what I'm seeing in order to plan for the next day
+9cMeeLkfuFo-00034-00014054-00014472 as they interact with each other, rather than interacting with me.
+9cMeeLkfuFo-00035-00014472-00014882 So, we hear the research all the time that says if students are not reading at grade level by third grade,
+9cMeeLkfuFo-00036-00014882-00015297 they struggle to graduate.
+9cMeeLkfuFo-00037-00015297-00015705 What's your thought on that? Yes. And I've even read an article that said
+9cMeeLkfuFo-00038-00015705-00016115 that it's directly correlated to whether or not
+9cMeeLkfuFo-00039-00016115-00016531 people are incarcerated later in life. That this level of reading
+9cMeeLkfuFo-00040-00016531-00016951 at third grade is imperative.
+9cMeeLkfuFo-00041-00016951-00017362 It causes us to really
+9cMeeLkfuFo-00042-00017362-00017780 look at reading and push it. And, I think, the key
+9cMeeLkfuFo-00043-00017780-00018199 is to take each student and teach them where they are. And have them show growth
+9cMeeLkfuFo-00044-00018199-00018608 in reading so they have some buy-in.
+9cMeeLkfuFo-00045-00018608-00019018 Because if I taught them all at third grade level, I'd lose at least half of my class.
+9cMeeLkfuFo-00046-00019018-00019435 And, I think it's important to just create these activities that are
+9cMeeLkfuFo-00047-00019435-00019854 just challenging enough, but also
+9cMeeLkfuFo-00048-00019854-00020265 pushing them to persevere, but also at a level
+9cMeeLkfuFo-00049-00020265-00020677 that they're able to succeed. So that they want to be a part of it.
+9cMeeLkfuFo-00050-00020677-00021097 They want to take that next step. And learn a little bit more about comprehension and reading.
+9cMeeLkfuFo-00051-00021097-00021499 And, sometimes, that means coming up with 10, 20 different lessons for 30 different
+9cMeeLkfuFo-00052-00021499-00021915 students in my class. And, at that level, third grade, there's really, kind of, a
+9cMeeLkfuFo-00053-00021915-00022336 growth as far as social. And emotional.
+9cMeeLkfuFo-00054-00022336-00022745 And, so, you kind of have to include that in the mix, as well.
+9cMeeLkfuFo-00055-00022745-00023153 I absolutely agree. I think third grade is such a fun grade because all of a sudden they start to discover
+9cMeeLkfuFo-00056-00023153-00023563 their power as human beings as other people. And that idea
+9cMeeLkfuFo-00057-00023563-00023985 that-I teach them the appropriate way to disagree with each other. Because,
+9cMeeLkfuFo-00058-00023985-00024390 all of a sudden, they have an opinion about everything when they get to third grade.
+9cMeeLkfuFo-00059-00024390-00024798 And they want to argue about something. And we have to learn the appropriate way to do that. And the respectful way to do that.
+9cMeeLkfuFo-00060-00024798-00025210 because it's exciting that they have this power. And they want to
+9cMeeLkfuFo-00061-00025210-00025630 use it. But, it's also important that I can come alongside them and teach them how to use it.
+9cMeeLkfuFo-00062-00025630-00026049 How to
+9cMeeLkfuFo-00063-00026049-00026462 share their opinions, but also be respectful of the other person's opinions.
+9cMeeLkfuFo-00064-00026462-00026880 Hmm. Yeah, because, when they walk in the door, if they haven't learned that proper
+9cMeeLkfuFo-00065-00026880-00027287 skill, they could get into arguments. Turn people
+9cMeeLkfuFo-00066-00027287-00027700 off. But, by teaching them the proper way to accept other opinions
+9cMeeLkfuFo-00067-00027700-00028117 and express their own, that's quite a skill.
+9cMeeLkfuFo-00068-00028117-00028525 Yeah. You know, it works most of the time. Not always. Sometimes, we have to have a little
+9cMeeLkfuFo-00069-00028525-00028935 sit down community meeting. And talk about how we could pack up and try that
+9cMeeLkfuFo-00070-00028935-00029352 again. But, you know, if you teach them
+9cMeeLkfuFo-00071-00029352-00029770 ahead of time, there's a lot less situations that you have to-there's a lot less fires you have to
+9cMeeLkfuFo-00072-00029770-00030177 put out if you give them those expectations
+9cMeeLkfuFo-00073-00030177-00030589 front-loaded. There's a lot less problems down the line.
+9cMeeLkfuFo-00074-00030589-00031010 What do you emphasize most in your classroom, as far as, whether it's academically
+9cMeeLkfuFo-00075-00031010-00031414 or socially. Or maybe citizenship, or leadership. What are some of the things that are really
+9cMeeLkfuFo-00076-00031414-00031822 kind of the main points of what you try to work with the kids?
+9cMeeLkfuFo-00077-00031822-00032227 Our classroom motto is, "It's okay to be wrong." And, whether that's
+9cMeeLkfuFo-00078-00032227-00032637 behaviorally, whether that's academically, it's okay to be wrong.
+9cMeeLkfuFo-00079-00032637-00033055 And it's hard to teach them, because
+9cMeeLkfuFo-00080-00033055-00033475 kids don't want to be wrong. They feel embarrassed. But, we celebrate it.
+9cMeeLkfuFo-00081-00033475-00033885 We clap it out. You know, when someone's wrong, thank you for sharing. That is awesome.
+9cMeeLkfuFo-00082-00033885-00034297 Because, when we're wrong, we learn so much more about how to do it right.
+9cMeeLkfuFo-00083-00034297-00034716 We're able to backtrack, and figure out where we went wrong, so that we learn more.
+9cMeeLkfuFo-00084-00034716-00035121 If we're always right, we're never going to learn.
+9cMeeLkfuFo-00085-00035121-00035531 And, part of that learning process is learning how to face the consequences of our actions.
+9cMeeLkfuFo-00086-00035531-00035946 When I make a mistake, there's a consequence.
+9cMeeLkfuFo-00087-00035946-00036365 And, facing that consequence-the consequences of those actions-
+9cMeeLkfuFo-00088-00036365-00036768 is part of me growing up. And, teaching students how to do that is incredibly
+9cMeeLkfuFo-00089-00036768-00037178 difficult nowadays. Because many students don't have that process at home.
+9cMeeLkfuFo-00090-00037178-00037585 They don't have consequences for their actions.
+9cMeeLkfuFo-00091-00037585-00038006 And some on the other side that face very harsh consequences for actions. So, it's about that balance
+9cMeeLkfuFo-00092-00038006-00038411 in the classroom. And offering them a chance to make mistakes.
+9cMeeLkfuFo-00093-00038411-00038822 So that they do face consequences. And they learn how to face those consequences
+9cMeeLkfuFo-00094-00038822-00039236 with ownership.
+9cMeeLkfuFo-00095-00039236-00039657 And pride over the fact that, "I made a mistake
+9cMeeLkfuFo-00096-00039657-00040075 and that's okay. Because I tried." Hmm. So, now, how long have you been teaching?
+9cMeeLkfuFo-00097-00040075-00040481 I've been teaching-I think this is my 13th year. Now, you're a mentor teacher?
+9cMeeLkfuFo-00098-00040481-00040892 Correct. Yes. Explain what that is, and what do you, personally, get out of it?
+9cMeeLkfuFo-00099-00040892-00041295 Well, as a mentor teacher, previously called the BTSA program,
+9cMeeLkfuFo-00100-00041295-00041707 I meet with a teacher that is new in our district.
+9cMeeLkfuFo-00101-00041707-00042119 That is just fresh out of college and teaching for the first time.
+9cMeeLkfuFo-00102-00042119-00042541 Usually in the first two years that they teach.
+9cMeeLkfuFo-00103-00042541-00042949 I get to meet with them often. Go in and observe them in the classroom.
+9cMeeLkfuFo-00104-00042949-00043363 Help them jump through the hurdles that every teacher
+9cMeeLkfuFo-00105-00043363-00043776 faces. Whether they're a first year teacher or a
+9cMeeLkfuFo-00106-00043776-00044194 twenty year teacher. And help them how to navigate
+9cMeeLkfuFo-00107-00044194-00044602 teaching, but also the process that we have
+9cMeeLkfuFo-00108-00044602-00045016 in Natomas. You know, because every district is different. And, even when you move from a district
+9cMeeLkfuFo-00109-00045016-00045433 -one district to another, there is different processes and different things. And different curriculums.
+9cMeeLkfuFo-00110-00045433-00045843 And different textbooks. And I'm able to come alongside them and do that.
+9cMeeLkfuFo-00111-00045843-00046255 On the flipside, I get to be around these incredibly energetic, new teachers.
+9cMeeLkfuFo-00112-00046255-00046669 That have all the lingo down, because they've just come freshly out of college.
+9cMeeLkfuFo-00113-00046669-00047088 And they keep me energized. They keep me excited about education.
+9cMeeLkfuFo-00114-00047088-00047498 Because, you know, after 10 years, you start to feel
+9cMeeLkfuFo-00115-00047498-00047904 a little discouraged. You start to feel like, "What am I doing?"
+9cMeeLkfuFo-00116-00047904-00048319 "Am I being successful?" And, when you sit down with them, and you say,
+9cMeeLkfuFo-00117-00048319-00048738 "Well, I tried this." And they come back and say, "Oh my goodness, I read a book about that in college."
+9cMeeLkfuFo-00118-00048738-00049145 "And they said to do this and to do that." And, I think, "I am on the right track."
+9cMeeLkfuFo-00119-00049145-00049557 And, on the other side, they're able to say to me, "Well, I tried this and
+9cMeeLkfuFo-00120-00049557-00049975 it worked really well." And I'm able to walk away with ideas, as well. Because, it's always
+9cMeeLkfuFo-00121-00049975-00050396 -it's a constant cycle. You know, things are changing.
+9cMeeLkfuFo-00122-00050396-00050807 And having those new teachers are what keeps education
+9cMeeLkfuFo-00123-00050807-00051222 alive. And, if I didn't have that direct path to them,
+9cMeeLkfuFo-00124-00051222-00051635 I would not be as effective a teacher as I am.
+9cMeeLkfuFo-00125-00051635-00052046 So, what inspired you to teach?
+9cMeeLkfuFo-00126-00052046-00052462 I had a rough time as a student. Severely dyslexic.
+9cMeeLkfuFo-00127-00052462-00052880 Didn't read until late age. Had a hard time with numbers.
+9cMeeLkfuFo-00128-00052880-00053290 Struggled. It didn't work for me until
+9cMeeLkfuFo-00129-00053290-00053704 I had those teachers that sat down with me and
+9cMeeLkfuFo-00130-00053704-00054122 showed me things. And, all of a sudden, the lightbulb started to go on.
+9cMeeLkfuFo-00131-00054122-00054527 And, as I got older, I didn't want to teach. I never thought I'd be a teacher.
+9cMeeLkfuFo-00132-00054527-00054938 I don't learn well. How can I be effective to other students?
+9cMeeLkfuFo-00133-00054938-00055351 But my shortcomings were exactly what makes me a good teacher.
+9cMeeLkfuFo-00134-00055351-00055754 I'm able to create an environment
+9cMeeLkfuFo-00135-00055754-00056172 that teaches each student at their individual level. Because I needed that
+9cMeeLkfuFo-00136-00056172-00056583 as a student. And I had a teacher that did that. And I remember
+9cMeeLkfuFo-00137-00056583-00056996 as a student, watching those really high students try to come up and get attention
+9cMeeLkfuFo-00138-00056996-00057413 from the teacher. And the teacher was like, "No, no, no, I have to help this student right now. Because they're struggling."
+9cMeeLkfuFo-00139-00057413-00057817 And, they were bored. And, as a teacher, I have a GATE cluster
+9cMeeLkfuFo-00140-00057817-00058229 in my classroom that I am able to create an environment for at their level.
+9cMeeLkfuFo-00141-00058229-00058642 So that they don't have to come up to me and be disappointed that
+9cMeeLkfuFo-00142-00058642-00059062 they're bored because I don't have time for them because I have to work with a low student.
+9cMeeLkfuFo-00143-00059062-00059467 It's about creating an environment that teaches every student at their level,
+9cMeeLkfuFo-00144-00059467-00059889 not just those below basic students.
+9cMeeLkfuFo-00145-00059889-00060297 Well, obviously, it's worked for you. It is. Well, congratulations to you.
+9cMeeLkfuFo-00146-00060297-00060709 We've been speaking with Heather Gohn, who is the Teacher of the Year for 2017 for the
+9cMeeLkfuFo-00147-00060709-00062292 Natomas Unified School District. Thank you for joining us. Thank you so much.
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00000-00000241-00000400 ERIN CANTY RYAN: My present- today, presentation
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00001-00000400-00000667 today is called Write Wrongs,
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00002-00000667-00001059 and it's about how we can use storytelling and different
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00003-00001059-00001422 techniques to really get people to pay attention and effect
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00004-00001422-00001835 change through either writing, could be video storytelling, it
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00005-00001835-00002202 could be even just your elevator pitch when you meet someone new.
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00006-00002202-00002423 So I'm gonna go through some of those tips.
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00007-00002423-00002623 And hopefully, like Britton said,
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00008-00002623-00002836 we'll have a few minutes for questions.
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00009-00002836-00003115 We'll see how well I do on pacing myself.
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00010-00003115-00003303 AUDIENCE MEMBER: Is it OK to take pictures?
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00011-00003303-00003386 ERIN: Yes, mmhmm.
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00012-00003386-00003586 It is OK to take pictures, if you like.
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00013-00003586-00003716 AUDIENCE MEMBER: Thank you.
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00014-00003716-00004120 Again, I'm Erin. I'm a writer. I grew up in Wisconsin.
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00015-00004120-00004558 So if you hear the accent, my apologies / I'm not apologizing.
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00016-00004558-00004704 [all laugh]
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00017-00004704-00004867 I'm really happy to be here today.
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00018-00004867-00005151 I am from— I live now here in the Portland area,
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00019-00005151-00005376 and I actually work around the corner.
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00020-00005376-00005580 Where you've probably seen some of my writing:
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00021-00005580-00005885 most recently, I worked for Priorities USA, which is
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00022-00005885-00006293 a Super PAC, working to elect Democrats this November.
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00023-00006293-00006569 So if any of you happen to live in Florida, you've probably
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00024-00006569-00006823 seen some of my Facebook ads.
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00025-00006823-00007061 Other than that, most of my writing is online at
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00026-00007061-00007461 Upworthy.com and our sister site, Good.is.
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00027-00007461-00007932 For Upworthy, I wrote about race, education, scientific
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00028-00007932-00008308 breakthroughs, conflict, and a lot of stories
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00029-00008308-00008416 about Black women.
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00030-00008416-00008667 Because I could, and so I did.
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00031-00008667-00008988 I also had work appear in Man Repeller,
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00032-00008988-00009188 and for five years, I worked at Hallmark.
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00033-00009188-00009463 So for Hallmark, I wrote children's books, greeting
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00034-00009463-00010076 cards, short films, all kinds of fun stuff for kids and families.
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00035-00010076-00010306 So my writing kind of runs the gamut for everything
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00036-00010306-00010648 from political ads to copywriting to journalism
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00037-00010648-00011002 and long-form journalism to a children's book about
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00038-00011002-00011207 a gorilla who learns to play the drums.
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00039-00011207-00011482 It's been a little bit of everything the past 10 years
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00040-00011482-00011619 that I've been working professionally.
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00041-00011619-00011853 So I'm excited to share what I know with you.
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00042-00011987-00012383 I kinda wanna start with a story about stories.
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00043-00012383-00012741 How many of you are familiar with natural products?
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00044-00012741-00012967 So not like, this juice is natural.
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00045-00012967-00013371 But like the microscopic fungi you might, the compounds
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00046-00013371-00013605 emitted by microscopic fungi.
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00047-00013605-00013934 [chuckles] OK. That's kinda what I thought.
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00048-00013934-00014147 These natural products have been around—let's see.
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00049-00014147-00014447 It's Friday—they've been around for thousands of years.
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00050-00014447-00014597 [audience laughter]
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00051-00014597-00014773 They're actually, when I spoke with someone
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00052-00014773-00015048 about them, he was like, "They may have been in the poison
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00053-00015048-00015440 that killed Socrates." As if that was a huge cold case.
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00054-00015440-00015611 [audience laughter]
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00055-00015611-00016007 And so but researchers in the, have been using them
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00056-00016007-00016232 to make things like vaccines and drugs since
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00057-00016232-00016520 around the turn of the 20th Century.
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00058-00016520-00016941 Right now, I had not heard of natural products at all,
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00059-00016941-00017175 before I read a research piece.
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00060-00017175-00017521 And in that research piece, I learned there's a laboratory,
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00061-00017521-00017842 I believe, in Arkansas, the University of Arkansas.
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00062-00017842-00018226 And there's a researcher there, soil scientist, who is currently
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00063-00018226-00018681 collecting soil samples from all around the world and cataloging
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00064-00018681-00019019 them to find these fungi and hopefully use
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00065-00019019-00019319 these very specific, very small compounds
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00066-00019319-00019607 to make new cures and advance drugs.
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00067-00019607-00019711 It's great news.
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00068-00019711-00019965 The secret to what we've been looking for may be truly
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00069-00019965-00020203 in our front yards.
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00070-00020203-00020608 But however, getting soil scientists to go on TV and
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00071-00020608-00020933 hopefully talk about this or get front-page coverage
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00072-00020933-00021417 in his or her local newspaper: probably not going to happen.
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00073-00021417-00021655 And also, people don't read newspapers or watch
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00074-00021655-00022013 the local news as much anymore. So it may not do much good.
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00075-00022013-00022326 So again, I found out about this, about natural products
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00076-00022326-00022543 in a journal and found this lab.
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00077-00022543-00022868 And I reached out, and he said, "We are sending free
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00078-00022868-00023181 soil sample kits to anyone that wants one.
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00079-00023181-00023444 We can send back your soil in a free pre-paid envelope.
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00080-00023444-00023644 We just need people to do it."
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00081-00023644-00023919 That could've been my story for Upworthy right there.
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00082-00023919-00024278 Researcher needs your soil. He'll do it for free.
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00083-00024278-00024537 Go online. Send yours in.
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00084-00024537-00024791 500 words, and I'm done.
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00085-00024791-00025108 Instead, I decided to put myself into the story
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00086-00025108-00025325 and make soil personal.
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00087-00025325-00025675 So before I wrote the story, I sent away for my soil kit.
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00088-00025675-00025950 You can see me digging in my front yard.
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00089-00025950-00026297 I had, I dug my soil. My wife took pictures.
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00090-00026297-00026622 I wrote about the experience for Upworthy and talked about
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00091-00026622-00026885 how these products are not just—
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00092-00026885-00027039 You know, we could each do
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00093-00027039-00027360 something very small, but could be very actionable and
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00094-00027360-00027573 helpful to possibly find a cure to something
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00095-00027573-00027790 even as big as cancer.
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00096-00027790-00028057 So I wrote about natural products in soil,
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00097-00028057-00028365 and for a piece, did shockingly well online.
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00098-00028365-00028707 And I think it did so well because I made it personal.
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00099-00028707-00028970 I made it: people have a small, hopeful action
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00100-00028970-00029275 that they could take to deal with such a big problem,
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00101-00029275-00029679 like every disease on earth. [chuckles]
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00102-00029679-00029992 A few weeks after I wrote this story, I got an email
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00103-00029992-00030451 from a very happy soil scientist who said, you know,
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00104-00030451-00030793 "People have written about our lab and this collection before,
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00105-00030793-00030968 but this is the first time someone's actually
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00106-00030968-00031193 gone through the process in the story.
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00107-00031193-00031398 And it made all the difference," because people
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00108-00031398-00031577 didn't realize how easy it was.
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00109-00031577-00031748 I encouraged, in the story, I encouraged people
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00110-00031748-00031940 to send away for multiple kits.
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00111-00031940-00032182 Do a soil kit sample while you're on vacation.
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00112-00032182-00032407 He needs soil from everywhere.
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00113-00032407-00032661 And so after this, he was just inundated with thousands
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00114-00032661-00032853 of requests for soil samples.
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00115-00032853-00033208 So that's just one way that we can tell stories that will have
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00116-00033208-00033541 an impact not just not in our local community,
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00117-00033541-00033875 but on a national scale, as well.
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00118-00033875-00034246 So with that being said, Amy O'Leary's my former editor,
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00119-00034246-00034413 Upworthy.com, and she'd always say,
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00120-00034413-00034693 "We are in a street fight for attention."
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00121-00034693-00034959 There are a million and one things and then some
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00122-00034959-00035110 to pay attention to.
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00123-00035110-00035568 Most of them are fun, kind of happy, seemingly "mindless"
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00124-00035568-00035844 entertainment to distract us from things that might be
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00125-00035844-00036190 scary or overwhelming or complex.
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00126-00036190-00036394 But that's where a lot of us kind of sit.
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00127-00036394-00036524 That's where a lot of us are.
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00128-00036524-00036911 We're talking about racism or misogyny, war and
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00129-00036911-00037270 conflicts, even scientific breakthroughs and discoveries
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00130-00037270-00037525 that are just kind of tricky to have people understand
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00131-00037525-00037733 who maybe don't have a science background.
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00132-00037733-00038075 So how do we get people to pay attention to those things
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00133-00038075-00038563 when we're competing with so much other stuff?
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00134-00038563-00038880 Good question, audience. [all laugh]
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00135-00038880-00039101 There are five ways to do that, and I'm super
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00136-00039101-00039305 psyched to tell you about every single one of them.
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00137-00039305-00039610 Except number three. [all laugh]
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00138-00039610-00039914 Number one is keep it simple.
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00139-00039914-00040319 This sounds really easy to do. It's not always the case.
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00140-00040319-00040553 The way I like to start is to narrow it down
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00141-00040553-00040690 and narrow it down again.
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00142-00040690-00040999 If you have the time, space, and opportunity, narrow it down
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00143-00040999-00041116 a third time.
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00144-00041116-00041512 So as an example, if your big cause or issue is talking about
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00145-00041512-00041850 advocating for conservation and the environment, you can't try
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00146-00041850-00042271 to sneak deforestation, plastic in the oceans,
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00147-00042271-00042567 and light pollution all into one piece or video.
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00148-00042567-00042688 It's too much.
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00149-00042688-00042980 It's hard enough to get people to pay attention, let alone
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00150-00042980-00043326 to pay attention to all of your things all of the time.
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00151-00043326-00043697 You have to kind of pick: pick a lane and pick your battles.
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00152-00043697-00043939 So in this case, if you were to talk about, if you were an
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00153-00043939-00044302 advocate for conservation, you might discuss light pollution.
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00154-00044302-00044557 If you're going to narrow it down again, you might discuss
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00155-00044557-00044823 light pollution and its effect on nocturnal animals.
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00156-00044823-00045032 Which, if you're not familiar, it's not great.
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00157-00045032-00045207 It's not looking great for them.
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00158-00045207-00045583 So that might be an area of focus for you to really consider
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00159-00045583-00045850 either writing your piece or working on your YouTube video,
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00160-00045850-00046121 whatever your format or media might be.
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00161-00046121-00046354 So narrow it down and narrow it down again.
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00162-00046354-00046609 It doesn't mean you have to explain it
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00163-00046609-00046784 like you're talking to a 5-year-old.
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00164-00046784-00047030 Some of these issues are complex, kind of like
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00165-00047030-00047297 natural products, and they can stay complex.
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00166-00047297-00047647 But it just means only talking about maybe one facet,
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00167-00047647-00047935 one or two small facets of what your issue is.
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00168-00048231-00048444 Number two is making it personal.
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00169-00048444-00048811 I talked a little bit about how I tried to make fungi found in
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00170-00048811-00049053 the soil as personal and with much of
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00171-00049053-00049290 a human touch as I could.
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00172-00049290-00049695 That is the case for every story that I wanna tell.
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00173-00049695-00050020 This image that I picked is from an Upworthy story.
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00174-00050020-00050246 Well, the image isn't, but it's based on an Upworthy story
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00175-00050246-00050667 that I wrote about women in West Africa who took over
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00176-00050667-00051013 the end-to-end production of a Shea butter and cosmetics
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00177-00051013-00051476 company, not only to invest in themselves, but to invest
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00178-00051476-00051584 back in the community.
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00179-00051584-00051776 I thought, this is a fantastic story.
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00180-00051776-00052085 I cannot wait to tell this. These women are awesome.
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00181-00052085-00052656 A little bit about our audience at Upworthy: it is pretty white.
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00182-00052656-00052965 Pretty old, it's older. It skews older, kind of like late 40s,
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00183-00052965-00053178 between 40 and 60-ish.
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00184-00053178-00053495 And they're mostly women and women who wouldn't
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00185-00053495-00053737 describe themselves necessarily as progressive or liberal
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00186-00053737-00053891 but maybe open-minded.
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00187-00053891-00054066 They're the kind of woman who'd be like,
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00188-00054066-00054233 really excited to have a gay friend.
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00189-00054233-00054329 [audience laughter]
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00190-00054329-00054633 We would call them, in-house, we'd call them "woke-adjacent".
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00191-00054633-00054717 [audience laughter]
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00192-00054717-00055171 So they're, like they're getting there, but like just barely.
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00193-00055171-00055484 And so because of that and how we kind of know how,
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00194-00055484-00055855 like when feminism is- isn't intersectional, a lot of,
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00195-00055855-00056348 we know that a lot of stories we'd write about Black people,
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00196-00056348-00056702 specifically African people, did not do very well on the site.
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00197-00056702-00056919 The women, our audience, were just kinda like, this is
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00198-00056919-00057265 a bridge too far. I don't quite get it.
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00199-00057265-00057424 So they had a hard time kind of
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00200-00057424-00057649 wrapping their heads around that.
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00201-00057649-00057924 But as a Black person who wanted to write about Black people,
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00202-00057924-00058153 I was like, you can not get it all you want to.
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00203-00058153-00058491 I'm going to write about it. [chuckling] And so I did.
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00204-00058491-00058779 This, to make, to write about and have it click on our site,
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00205-00058779-00059071 I just had to find a new way in.
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00206-00059071-00059484 So my new way in for this story in particular, was talking about
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00207-00059484-00059889 these women not only as you know, the farmers and harvesters
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00208-00059889-00060201 and business owners of this great cosmetics company,
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00209-00060201-00060539 but also they're grannies, they're aunties, they're moms.
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00210-00060539-00060806 They're hard workers just like any of us are.
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00211-00060806-00061006 And that's something that's relatable no matter
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00212-00061006-00061152 where you are in the world.
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00213-00061152-00061469 If you're in Ghana, or if you're in Texas, being
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00214-00061469-00061845 a hard-working woman is something we can relate to.
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00215-00061845-00062241 I also wrote about, about this story ended up being about
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00216-00062241-00062641 2,000 words, which is probably about 1,200 words longer
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00217-00062641-00062829 than a typical Upworthy story.
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00218-00062829-00063242 And I kind of invited people to come along and really tried to
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00219-00063242-00063530 thick, like kinda thicken out this narrative of these women
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00220-00063530-00063813 doing really cool things to better themselves,
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00221-00063813-00063984 their families, and their communities.
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00222-00063984-00064205 And it ended up clicking really well.
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00223-00064205-00064489 I think the women in our audience just needed a way in.
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00224-00064489-00064789 They needed to see themselves in something that seemed
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00225-00064789-00064989 a world away, that really, it wasn't.
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00226-00065152-00065327 So when you write your own stories, the trick
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00227-00065327-00065452 is to make it personal.
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00228-00065452-00065711 You wanna get your reader or your viewer to say,
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00229-00065711-00066078 "That's me, or "That's someone I love, and that's why I care.
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00230-00066078-00066257 That's why I'm going to read, that's why I'm going to
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00231-00066257-00066566 click, that might be why I'm going to share or follow."
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00232-00066829-00067112 This is slide number three [laughs] or tip number three.
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00233-00067112-00067429 It's a gif, and there's a reason there's no words on it.
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00234-00067429-00067809 And that's because number three is show, don't tell.
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00235-00067809-00068201 And as a word person, that like pains me deep in my soul
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00236-00068201-00068601 to say that, but it's the truth.
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00237-00068601-00068968 A great gif or a really cool picture or a video
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00238-00068968-00069377 or infographic can often capture attention and keep attention
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00239-00069377-00069598 better than I ever could.
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00240-00069598-00069807 And it doesn't have to be your be-all-end-all.
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00241-00069807-00070003 I'm not saying, "Stop writing
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00242-00070003-00070145 and start making gifs."
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00243-00070145-00070341 Because that's just not the case.
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00244-00070341-00070491 But it is really important.
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00245-00070491-00070787 It's a great, easy way to break up some of the text you
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00246-00070787-00071225 may have and a way to kind of keep your reader reading.
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00247-00071225-00071559 So an example I like to tell for this is: I wanted to write,
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00248-00071559-00071738 again, another story about Black women
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00249-00071738-00072038 because I could, and I did.
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00250-00072038-00072263 We, I wanted to talk about some of the advancements that
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00251-00072263-00072493 Black women had made in the last 15 years.
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00252-00072493-00072843 So I wanted to talk about the drop in teen pregnancy rate,
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00253-00072843-00073164 the increase in the graduation rate, and how Black women
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00254-00073164-00073544 have attained the highest education level by demographic,
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00255-00073544-00073765 above more than any demographic.
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00256-00073765-00074178 So these are just kind of like general factoids that
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00257-00074178-00074445 the average person may not really click into.
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00258-00074445-00074720 It's like, why would I care about these kinda 15 facts?
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00259-00074820-00074933 But I wanted to write about them.
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00260-00074933-00075116 So I did it in a list format.
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00261-00075116-00075429 And instead of using stock imagery to kind of go with
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00262-00075429-00075875 a photo for each list item, I instead used gifs from
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00263-00075875-00076418 Black women girl groups, so like The Supremes, En Vogue, TLC.
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00264-00076418-00076814 Those gifs had absolutely nothing to do with the content.
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00265-00076814-00077223 But it was just enough of kind of the mood of the piece was
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00266-00077223-00077602 celebratory and excited, and it was about Black women.
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00267-00077602-00077819 And the gifs were kind of happy and delightful.
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00268-00077819-00078048 And I think that surprise and delight that people found
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00269-00078048-00078303 in those images was enough to keep them reading
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00270-00078303-00078445 and keep them invested.
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00271-00078445-00078707 And we could clock how long people were on
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00272-00078707-00078862 our page at Upworthy.
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00273-00078862-00079145 And that one, people would, were stay- sticking around.
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00274-00079145-00079408 They were clicking in and seemingly reading it,
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00275-00079408-00079625 and that's you know, with our audience again,
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00276-00079625-00079867 more than we could ever hope for.
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00277-00079867-00080213 So yeah, gifs and illustrations, infographics
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00278-00080213-00080367 don't have to be your bread and butter,
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00279-00080367-00080593 but it's something to consider.
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00280-00080593-00080839 When I was at Hallmark, we'd often say, "People will pick
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00281-00080839-00081118 up a card because of the way it looks, but they will buy it
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00282-00081118-00081272 because of what it says."
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00283-00081272-00081556 And that's true in pretty much any medium
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00284-00081556-00081706 that you can think of.
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00285-00081706-00081998 Use that image or video to hook someone, and then
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00286-00081998-00082365 use your own knowledge and know-how to keep them there
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00287-00082365-00082578 and maybe a few extra gifs too.
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00288-00082836-00083204 Number four is offer a solution.
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00289-00083204-00083470 I say on here, "Problems are really easy to find.
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00290-00083470-00083654 Solutions are not."
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00291-00083654-00083975 And it's really easy to watch the news or to
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00292-00083975-00084392 go on Twitter or any social media and just feel hopeless.
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00293-00084392-00084672 Everything is sad. Everything is scary.
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00294-00084672-00084972 And it's just easy to be like, what can I, as one person
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00295-00084972-00085297 in Portland, Oregon do about any of this?
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00296-00085297-00085568 And it's really easy just to get overwhelmed
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00297-00085568-00085693 and just give up.
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00298-00085693-00086023 But I think a lot of us in this room know that's not the case.
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00299-00086023-00086344 There's a lot that an individual can do to positively impact
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00300-00086344-00086607 someone's life locally or globally.
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00301-00086607-00087036 We just need to share what that is and let people know.
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00302-00087036-00087237 I'm one of those people that firmly believes
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00303-00087237-00087387 that people do care.
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00304-00087387-00087829 I think most people are good, and they just need to know,
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00305-00087829-00088033 just need to be, just need to be given a job.
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00306-00088033-00088263 They just need to be pointed in the right direction.
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00307-00088263-00088630 So that's what our work and our writing can do.
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00308-00088630-00088930 An example for this one is one story I wrote.
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00309-00088930-00089314 You may recall after the Women's March, the next kind of event
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00310-00089314-00089593 that that group planned was a women's strike.
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00311-00089593-00089981 So they encouraged women, femmes, and gender-oppressed
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00312-00089981-00090211 people to take a day off of work,
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00313-00090211-00090507 home duties, and emotional labor.
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00314-00090607-00090995 And you may, your next thought is probably, hmm, the people
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00315-00090995-00091424 who probably most need that cannot do that, cannot afford,
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00316-00091424-00091691 economically, or for their safety, to take the day off of
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00317-00091691-00092117 work or to ignore home duties or any other emotional labor.
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00318-00092117-00092521 So those who could strike, did. But a lot of people couldn't.
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00319-00092521-00092934 And so I'd come up with a list of 21 things people
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00320-00092934-00093255 could do if they couldn't strike: how to support the
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00321-00093255-00093618 movement if you can't just walk away from your job or from your
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00322-00093618-00094094 duties as a caretaker or mother, woman in society for the day.
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00323-00094094-00094415 So that list I came up with included things like shop at
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00324-00094415-00094590 a woman of color-owned business.
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00325-00094590-00094882 You know, freshen up your Twitter timeline with
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00326-00094882-00095224 new voices, women researchers or scientists.
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00327-00095224-00095603 So there's lots of different ways to kind of do that.
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00328-00095603-00095879 And it's a way for people who are like, I just don't,
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00329-00095879-00095979 I don't feel like I can get involved.
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00330-00095979-00096179 This movement's too big. What can I do?
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00331-00096179-00096438 I can't take off work. Like, I'm not even helping.
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00332-00096438-00096750 Just 21 simple ways to help.
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00333-00096750-00096896 And that's, we had, we did a lot of
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00334-00096896-00096996 pieces like this at Upworthy.
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00335-00096996-00097301 Just hopeful actions that people could take, most of them
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00336-00097301-00097509 free or inexpensive.
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00337-00097509-00097693 Just small ways for people to act.
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00338-00097693-00097952 Again, people, in general, I believe at least, are good.
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00339-00097952-00098064 They want to help.
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00340-00098064-00098298 They just need that push in the right direction,
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00341-00098298-00098498 and our work can be that push.
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00342-00098598-00098794 All right. Number five, last one.
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00343-00098794-00099065 Are there any educators in the room familiar with the book
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00344-00099065-00099340 "Teach Like Your Hair's on Fire?" [chuckles]
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00345-00099340-00099699 All right. The title story from the book,
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00346-00099699-00099862 I don't remember in great detail.
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00347-00099862-00100112 But essentially, it's exactly what is sounds like.
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00348-00100112-00100442 There was a teacher who was teaching in his classroom and
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00349-00100442-00100817 was so passionate and just kind of got caught up in what he was
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00350-00100817-00101092 doing that actually, his hair had caught on fire
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00351-00101092-00101267 and he did not notice it right away.
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00352-00101267-00101476 And one of his students had to point it out.
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00353-00101476-00101876 And that kind of passion is exactly what you need to bring
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00354-00101876-00102006 to whatever you're producing.
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00355-00102006-00102298 So if you're writing something, I wanna feel the enthusiasm;
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00356-00102298-00102606 I wanna feel the zest for life that you bring to it.
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00357-00102606-00102965 Because if you're not excited about your issue or your cause,
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00358-00102965-00103353 no one else is going to be. So you need to bring that fire.
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00359-00103353-00103670 You need to bring that passion, and you can do it.
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00360-00103670-00103862 That's, that's what people wanna hear.
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00361-00103862-00104012 Imagine what you'd say if you were talking
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00362-00104012-00104124 to your best friend.
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00363-00104124-00104329 Imagine what you'd say if you were talking to
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00364-00104329-00104533 a packed Moda Center.
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00365-00104533-00104900 Imagine what you'd say if you had five minutes of one of
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00366-00104900-00105221 the biggest donors you could ever meet, you know?
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00367-00105221-00105447 Adjust it for your audience, and always,
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00368-00105447-00105759 always have that passion. It needs to radiate off of you.
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00369-00105959-00106218 So again, how are you gonna win a street fight?
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00370-00106218-00106464 I left off nunchucks, but everything else
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00371-00106464-00106627 is pretty accurate.
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00372-00106627-00106881 Keep it simple. Make it personal.
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00373-00106881-00107152 Really get that human story in there.
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00374-00107152-00107449 Show, don't tell, as much as it pains me.
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00375-00107449-00107836 Use infographics, video, photos, even live events like
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00376-00107836-00108149 Instagram Live—or Instagram Live—Facebook Live,
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00377-00108149-00108324 Instagram stories.
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00378-00108324-00108450 Offer a solution.
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00379-00108450-00108754 Find that hopeful action piece that can really
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00380-00108754-00109092 help people connect and give them one small thing to do,
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00381-00109092-00109305 to take part in your cause.
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00382-00109305-00109526 And then, write like your hair's on fire.
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00383-00109526-00109805 Have that passion come through in everything you do,
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00384-00109805-00109939 everything you send out.
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00385-00109939-00110180 Every email you write, you should just be
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00386-00110180-00110552 a huge nerd for your cause. Wear it like a badge of honor.
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00387-00110552-00110852 I think it just makes the work, it makes the work you do,
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00388-00110852-00110990 it kinda elevates it.
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00389-00110990-00111223 But it just makes people know like, oh, I need some-
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00390-00111223-00111403 someone to speak about X.
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00391-00111403-00111786 I, your name should be the first thing in their mind.
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00392-00111786-00112103 I got my five-minute warning like two minutes ago.
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00393-00112103-00112445 So [laughs] I don't know if I have time for any questions.
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00394-00112445-00112708 I don't. Yeah. Sorry. [laughs]
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00395-00112708-00112942 My contact info is up here.
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00396-00112942-00113163 And I actually, I don't know if I can actually stick around
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00397-00113163-00113258 very long after this.
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00398-00113258-00113513 But find me on Instagram or Twitter, or send me an email
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00399-00113513-00113646 if you have any questions.
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00400-00113646-00113776 It's been great being here today.
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00401-00113776-00113880 You guys are awesome.
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00402-00113880-00114109 I can't wait to see what you come up with.
+9d0WCOYHWnQ-00403-00114109-00114472 Thank you. [applause]
+9gtRDsOsuAE-00000-00000072-00000584 would you like to know how to build emotional strength and understand your feelings do you ever
+9gtRDsOsuAE-00001-00000584-00001104 find yourself sad for no reason after a single comment or look send your emotions all over the
+9gtRDsOsuAE-00002-00001104-00001768 place making you feel like you're losing control of your life our emotions are influenced by our
+9gtRDsOsuAE-00003-00001768-00002224 circumstances and our relationships with others and then controlled by our response to these
+9gtRDsOsuAE-00004-00002224-00002808 internal and external events in other words our emotions are intense feelings that are directed
+9gtRDsOsuAE-00005-00002808-00003408 at someone or something but we all experience life events and we'll be able to justify why
+9gtRDsOsuAE-00006-00003408-00004056 we feel these different emotions from happiness and surprise to fear jealousy and disgust but
+9gtRDsOsuAE-00007-00004056-00004632 what about the times when we feel things but don't understand why and then have to deal with emotions
+9gtRDsOsuAE-00008-00004632-00005280 that we don't quite know how to process like trust or loneliness these emotions are often
+9gtRDsOsuAE-00009-00005280-00005824 falsely perceived to be a sign of weakness which leads us to suppress what we're feeling because
+9gtRDsOsuAE-00010-00005824-00006440 we're just too afraid to admit to ourselves that we are unable to cope but denial deflection and
+9gtRDsOsuAE-00011-00006440-00006952 dismissal aren't healthy coping mechanisms and if not managed can do more harm than good
+9gtRDsOsuAE-00012-00007104-00007648 emotions are very powerful and it's normal for them to fluctuate as they help us make sense of
+9gtRDsOsuAE-00013-00007648-00008200 what we're experiencing and going through but when they take over they leave us feeling like
+9gtRDsOsuAE-00014-00008200-00008816 we're losing control both psychologically and physiologically that knot in the pit of
+9gtRDsOsuAE-00015-00008816-00009376 your stomach the racing heart the red face and the shaking hands can both be very scary and
+9gtRDsOsuAE-00016-00009376-00010016 uncomfortable so learning how to take back control and feel less at the mercy of these internal and
+9gtRDsOsuAE-00017-00010016-00010648 excellent events enables you to stay cool and keep your calm no matter what is happening around you
+9gtRDsOsuAE-00018-00010728-00011384 so in this video i'm going to give you five skills to help you become emotionally strong
+9gtRDsOsuAE-00019-00011944-00012416 if you're new to my channel i'm sue blackhurst and do stay watching because i bring the world
+9gtRDsOsuAE-00020-00012416-00012904 of social psychology into everyday language so don't forget to hit the subscribe button
+9gtRDsOsuAE-00021-00012904-00013519 if you're fascinated by people watching and human behavior and if your life isn't going quite plan
+9gtRDsOsuAE-00022-00013519-00013984 and you're looking for some extra support to deal with self-doubt and to gain a sense of purpose
+9gtRDsOsuAE-00023-00013984-00014447 then do take a look at my 20-day overcoming obstacles and build mental strength training
+9gtRDsOsuAE-00024-00014447-00014944 program the link is in the description box below the tools in this program will
+9gtRDsOsuAE-00025-00014944-00015344 really help you focus on where you are and show you how to get to where you want to be
+9gtRDsOsuAE-00026-00015400-00015991 and you'll also have the opportunity to download the introvert survival guide and my video on
+9gtRDsOsuAE-00027-00015991-00016592 understanding and managing stress the first book is free and the program costs less than a night
+9gtRDsOsuAE-00028-00016592-00017376 at the cinema so we can't go there so give this a go instead metacognition metacognition means
+9gtRDsOsuAE-00029-00017376-00017856 thinking about your thinking more specifically it's the ability to rationally assess what's
+9gtRDsOsuAE-00030-00017856-00018384 going on in your own mind to make sense of your thoughts emotions beliefs moods and expectations
+9gtRDsOsuAE-00031-00018472-00018896 it's that little voice inside your head that can be your best friend or your worst enemy
+9gtRDsOsuAE-00032-00018984-00019464 sadly though too many people still don't believe they are strong enough to stand up to this little
+9gtRDsOsuAE-00033-00019464-00020128 voice so it's just easier to let it win and live life on autopilot meaning stuff happens and we
+9gtRDsOsuAE-00034-00020128-00020768 react maybe somebody's made a nasty comment on one of your social media posts and it makes you feel
+9gtRDsOsuAE-00035-00020768-00021416 useless and worthless and believing you have no value you then withdraw for more social media or
+9gtRDsOsuAE-00036-00021416-00021920 maybe you remember something negative that you've said or you did to a loved one and you begin to
+9gtRDsOsuAE-00037-00021920-00022480 beat yourself up with regret and guilt the more you allow this little voice to be your own worst
+9gtRDsOsuAE-00038-00022480-00023088 enemy the less able you are to create and accept a more rational view but this inner voice will go
+9gtRDsOsuAE-00039-00023088-00023680 into default mode and only give you the worst case scenario and this is where it becomes dangerous
+9gtRDsOsuAE-00040-00023736-00024256 let me explain in a different way so let's say you want to return an item of clothing to a shop and
+9gtRDsOsuAE-00041-00024256-00024864 before you go you have already created a scenario and how they're going to dispute the return
+9gtRDsOsuAE-00042-00024864-00025192 telling yourself that you're going to get faced with confrontation
+9gtRDsOsuAE-00043-00025264-00025727 so you get yourself all worked up and anxious even before you've left the house
+9gtRDsOsuAE-00044-00025880-00026408 so when our mind only presents this worst case scenario we either fight the opposition
+9gtRDsOsuAE-00045-00026408-00026920 and dive in organs blazing screaming and shouting our demands for no valid reason
+9gtRDsOsuAE-00046-00026920-00027639 or we retreat and surrender and end up doing nothing at all between any stimulus and response
+9gtRDsOsuAE-00047-00027639-00028095 there's a space and it's in this space that we need to become you know our new best friend
+9gtRDsOsuAE-00048-00028168-00028592 so if you can learn to pause and observe what's happening in your mind
+9gtRDsOsuAE-00049-00028592-00029112 and then take a moment to dispute your own internal enemy you will start to see a more
+9gtRDsOsuAE-00050-00029112-00029680 balanced and rational view of people and events and feel more empowered to deal with them both
+9gtRDsOsuAE-00051-00029872-00030504 attention shifting i think there's probably very few of us who would deny that our minds can
+9gtRDsOsuAE-00052-00030504-00030944 quickly shift from one thing to another without any conscious thought on our own part
+9gtRDsOsuAE-00053-00030944-00031368 we could be writing report for work one minute and then searching for a new post shoes online
+9gtRDsOsuAE-00054-00031368-00031936 the next or halfway through an email we flick over to social media to see what we've missed i know
+9gtRDsOsuAE-00055-00031936-00032512 that i'm very guilty of losing focus and letting my mind wander so many times a day when i'm sat at
+9gtRDsOsuAE-00056-00032512-00033224 my own desk and as much as we may think we're able to get back on track with that report or the email
+9gtRDsOsuAE-00057-00033280-00033816 the problem is that the content of our thoughts determines the content of our mood let me explain
+9gtRDsOsuAE-00058-00033816-00034408 why if you start searching for those new pair of shoes online and you've fallen in love with a pair
+9gtRDsOsuAE-00059-00034408-00035080 that you can't afford you end up feeling depressed with your own life or you end up buying the shoes
+9gtRDsOsuAE-00060-00035080-00035696 over overstretching your budget leaving you with buyer anxiety and we all know about the dangers
+9gtRDsOsuAE-00061-00035696-00036240 of social media and fomo the fear of missing out it doesn't take long to believe that one
+9gtRDsOsuAE-00062-00036240-00036808 photograph posted is a true reflection of somebody else's life when the reality is that it's probably
+9gtRDsOsuAE-00063-00036808-00037320 posted as that one split second that they have to share anything other than the pain that they're
+9gtRDsOsuAE-00064-00037320-00037920 currently experiencing so as we struggle to focus on the task in hand allowing our mind to aim stay
+9gtRDsOsuAE-00065-00037920-00038560 wonder each time we return back we're carrying this extra set of emotional baggage to deal with
+9gtRDsOsuAE-00066-00038632-00039024 if you want to change how emotional you feel you've got to change what you spend your time
+9gtRDsOsuAE-00067-00039024-00039512 thinking about and to free yourself from unhelpful thinking patterns and the painful
+9gtRDsOsuAE-00068-00039512-00040160 feeling they produce you must learn to control your attention but here's the thing your ability
+9gtRDsOsuAE-00069-00040160-00040648 to control your attention is a muscle and if you don't exercise it it will remain weak
+9gtRDsOsuAE-00070-00040704-00041200 this means that your mood and emotions will be at the mercy of whatever comes to mind
+9gtRDsOsuAE-00071-00041312-00041840 so next time you find yourself checking your facebook page mid-email bring yourself back
+9gtRDsOsuAE-00072-00041840-00042448 into the moment and give yourself permission to go off track only when the task in hand is complete
+9gtRDsOsuAE-00073-00042688-00043224 self-compassion most of us have this strange habit of beating ourselves up and being overly
+9gtRDsOsuAE-00074-00043224-00043840 self-critical any time we make a mistake this is especially ironic since at the same time we're
+9gtRDsOsuAE-00075-00043840-00044416 usually incredibly compassionate and understanding when others have a mishap we are by nature
+9gtRDsOsuAE-00076-00044416-00045040 over critical of our lives from our achievements our education appearance status value and worth
+9gtRDsOsuAE-00077-00045040-00045592 and the more we look in the mirror and see what we don't have or haven't done the more we see failure
+9gtRDsOsuAE-00078-00045728-00046280 when you beat yourself up for making a mistake you only add more painful emotion and stress
+9gtRDsOsuAE-00079-00046280-00046704 onto the original frustration or sadness that goes along with making the mistake
+9gtRDsOsuAE-00080-00046776-00047360 but it's a little known fact that most successful people aren't successful for not making mistakes
+9gtRDsOsuAE-00081-00047360-00047816 in their lives they are successful because they made mistakes learned from them
+9gtRDsOsuAE-00082-00047816-00048344 and had the ability to move on without component themselves to others and beating themselves up
+9gtRDsOsuAE-00083-00048344-00048960 for what they didn't get right so be kind to yourself and learn to give yourself a break
+9gtRDsOsuAE-00084-00048960-00049552 let's be honest perfection is so much harder to maintain and it doesn't correlate with happiness
+9gtRDsOsuAE-00085-00049728-00050312 emotional tolerance emotional strength involves learning better ways to respond to difficult
+9gtRDsOsuAE-00086-00050312-00050776 emotions and moods so that they don't explode leaving you red-faced and feeling out of control
+9gtRDsOsuAE-00087-00050840-00051400 but the truth is that these initial difficult feelings are often inevitable and no matter how
+9gtRDsOsuAE-00088-00051400-00051984 self-aware you are of your painful emotions they will still hurt when they show up unannounced
+9gtRDsOsuAE-00089-00052096-00052600 imagine if a marathon runner gave up once they felt tired or it was too hard or too painful
+9gtRDsOsuAE-00090-00052672-00053208 now i suspect some do but i also suspect that they not only have the determination to reach
+9gtRDsOsuAE-00091-00053208-00053808 their goal no matter how long it takes they are also determined and willing to face that wall
+9gtRDsOsuAE-00092-00053808-00054560 head on the harsh reality is that life is one long marathon and we do have the option to either give
+9gtRDsOsuAE-00093-00054560-00055088 up at the first twinge of difficulty or carry on through the pain knowing that the emotions we
+9gtRDsOsuAE-00094-00055088-00055696 experience at the goal will be worth it but the major difference here though is that the martha
+9gtRDsOsuAE-00095-00055696-00056248 manners are not only swept along in this sea of runners by their side they are also running
+9gtRDsOsuAE-00096-00056248-00056879 on the crest of this never-ending support from the millions chilling them on but you and i well
+9gtRDsOsuAE-00097-00056879-00057536 we are alone aren't we and we don't have the same support recognition or motivation so we
+9gtRDsOsuAE-00098-00057536-00058104 are facing the challenge on our own but the harsh reality is that actually there is no alternative
+9gtRDsOsuAE-00099-00058272-00058736 so let's be realistic because you have to be able to get on with your life despite feeling bad
+9gtRDsOsuAE-00100-00058736-00059128 and you need to be able to live your life despite feeling difficult emotions
+9gtRDsOsuAE-00101-00059200-00059655 because you can't just wait around to do important things with your life until you feel perfect
+9gtRDsOsuAE-00102-00059655-00060216 as perfection doesn't exist so the trick is to build up your emotional
+9gtRDsOsuAE-00103-00060384-00060736 the only way that runners are able to keep running for so long even though they're
+9gtRDsOsuAE-00104-00060736-00061208 exhausted and in pain is because they've built up their tolerance and strength
+9gtRDsOsuAE-00105-00061296-00061816 they don't run a marathon they start out running a couple of miles until they get stronger then they
+9gtRDsOsuAE-00106-00061816-00062424 work up to five miles until they get even stronger and then ten and so on and so on well emotional
+9gtRDsOsuAE-00107-00062424-00063024 tolerance works the same as you have to practice feeling bad think of a small child falling over
+9gtRDsOsuAE-00108-00063024-00063640 and crying with pain at their first little tumble as the child grows they get used to falling over
+9gtRDsOsuAE-00109-00063640-00064288 and as the grazes and the cuts get bigger and deeper so does their ability to deal with them so
+9gtRDsOsuAE-00110-00064288-00064800 the next time a difficult emotion hits you think of that small child falling over and what you
+9gtRDsOsuAE-00111-00064800-00065432 would say to them it's okay it's only a little bump in the road be tough and you'll be fine
+9gtRDsOsuAE-00112-00065712-00066288 values clarification ask any child what they want to be when they grow up and they'll say
+9gtRDsOsuAE-00113-00066288-00066880 ballerina or astronaut doctor pop star or superhero but what they don't say is to be
+9gtRDsOsuAE-00114-00066880-00067384 able to deal with anxiety or to be an expert in man management or a good communicator
+9gtRDsOsuAE-00115-00067448-00068032 now of course all those are skills that they will no doubt develop along the way but what is key
+9gtRDsOsuAE-00116-00068032-00068552 here is those skills are secondary to the bigger picture which is the thing that they really want
+9gtRDsOsuAE-00117-00068552-00069168 in life and why should it be any different for adults because as important as it is to learn
+9gtRDsOsuAE-00118-00069168-00069656 the skills that will help you deal with you know difficult things from you know your emotions your
+9gtRDsOsuAE-00119-00069656-00070440 fears low self-esteem let's not forget about your bigger picture and this is the scary part because
+9gtRDsOsuAE-00120-00070496-00071080 if there was a magic wand and you were given tons of confidence and you were always felt motivated
+9gtRDsOsuAE-00121-00071152-00071888 what would you really go out and do so you need to ask yourself what are your emotions
+9gtRDsOsuAE-00122-00071888-00072296 holding you back from and what is it that you really want to be able to do in life
+9gtRDsOsuAE-00123-00072360-00072808 now i'm not saying that not being able to fly isn't a valid reason not to be superman
+9gtRDsOsuAE-00124-00072864-00073352 but not having the confidence to start your own business or not contacting your friends because
+9gtRDsOsuAE-00125-00073352-00074024 your self-talk tells you that they won't have time for you means it's time for you to reevaluate your
+9gtRDsOsuAE-00126-00074024-00074584 emotional strength so you're able to start moving forwards and away from all the things that holding
+9gtRDsOsuAE-00127-00074584-00075096 you back and have the strength to stop running away from the things that you really want to do
+9gtRDsOsuAE-00128-00075096-00075720 in your life if you're looking for some support and guidance to all the challenges being thrown at
+9gtRDsOsuAE-00129-00075720-00076304 you at the moment then do take a look at my 20-day overcoming obstacles and build mental strength
+9gtRDsOsuAE-00130-00076304-00076920 training program the link is in the description box below the program takes no more than an hour
+9gtRDsOsuAE-00131-00076920-00077384 a day and you can go at your own pace each lesson will give you the tools to help you
+9gtRDsOsuAE-00132-00077384-00078008 face and overcome the obstacles in your life and there's also a set of daily affirmations
+9gtRDsOsuAE-00133-00078008-00078728 to keep you focused and motivated throughout why not start off by downloading my free book
+9gtRDsOsuAE-00134-00078728-00079384 and see that as taking the first step in your very own personal marathon thank you so much again for
+9gtRDsOsuAE-00135-00079384-00079984 watching don't forget to like and leave a comment do take care and i will see you all next time