OvlpTBx0Dl8-00000-00000016-00000175 new play which is pulling back the
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00001-00000176-00000366 curtain on old hollywood is showing
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00002-00000367-00000519 right now at the fine arts center in
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00003-00000520-00000734 colorado springs yes right now sarah
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00004-00000735-00000886 live and local telling us all about
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00005-00000888-00001047 their new show
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00006-00001048-00001231 by the way meet beerus stark good
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00007-00001232-00001415 morning sarah
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00008-00001416-00001558 well good morning craig and abby we're
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00009-00001559-00001751 joined right now by the director of by
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00010-00001752-00002014 the way meet vera stark thank you so so
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00011-00002016-00002231 much we appreciate you betty hart thank
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00012-00002232-00002399 you so much for having me of course so
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00013-00002400-00002550 tell us a little bit about what people
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00014-00002551-00002783 can expect oh this play has a little bit
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00015-00002784-00003063 of everything it has comedy it has drama
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00016-00003064-00003247 there's lots of laughter there's even
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00017-00003247-00003479 moments for a few tears and there's some
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00018-00003479-00003695 wonderful surprises that i won't give
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00019-00003696-00003927 away but there is some singing and
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00020-00003928-00004086 dancing that is really kind of
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00021-00004087-00004270 spectacular great and so tell us about
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00022-00004271-00004615 you um i'm betty hart i live in denver i
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00023-00004616-00004806 am thrilled to be directing for the
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00024-00004807-00005006 colorado springs fine arts center and
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00025-00005007-00005191 this becomes my third production here
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00026-00005192-00005375 because i actually was a performer on
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00027-00005376-00005695 this very stage in 2018 for intimate
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00028-00005696-00006038 apparel also by lynn nottage and in 2019
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00029-00006039-00006279 for barnum which was in a tremendous
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00030-00006280-00006495 musical about circus life that is so
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00031-00006495-00006663 cool and lynn nottage tell us a little
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00032-00006664-00006806 bit about this playwright because she's
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00033-00006808-00007095 amazing she is amazing she is a double
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00034-00007095-00007406 pulitzer prize winner and right now she
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00035-00007408-00007655 has written the book for mj which is a
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00036-00007656-00007823 musical about michael jackson which is
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00037-00007823-00008039 on broadway right now that is so cool
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00038-00008040-00008263 and your cast is amazing they are
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00039-00008264-00008423 they're phenomenal human beings and
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00040-00008424-00008655 tremendous talents you'll get to meet a
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00041-00008656-00008863 little later on today lynette freeman
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00042-00008864-00009103 who plays vera as in vera stark and
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00043-00009104-00009310 you'll also get to meet rebecca who
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00044-00009311-00009542 plays gloria and the two of them are
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00045-00009543-00009814 simply magic together so what would you
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00046-00009815-00010006 tell people to come down and watch this
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00047-00010007-00010231 play i would see i would say that if
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00048-00010232-00010542 you're interested in old hollywood you
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00049-00010543-00010767 should definitely come because this as
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00050-00010768-00010999 you can see from this film set we are
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00051-00011000-00011359 here in the 1930s looking at 1930s
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00052-00011360-00011583 hollywood and what's fascinating is that
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00053-00011584-00011742 we get to have some of the fun of the
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00054-00011743-00011967 30s while still taking a look at modern
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00055-00011968-00012142 day america great and we were talking a
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00056-00012143-00012263 little bit earlier you know some of
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00057-00012264-00012431 these plays here at colorado college
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00058-00012432-00012574 will include students but these are all
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00059-00012575-00012759 professionals that's correct all seven
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00060-00012760-00012935 of the performers are professional
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00061-00012936-00013183 actors great and so this is really
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00062-00013184-00013351 really cool people can still come down
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00063-00013352-00013638 through march 20th yes okay and four of
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00064-00013640-00013879 the actors are right here they're from
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00065-00013880-00014047 colorado three of them live here in the
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00066-00014047-00014294 springs one in westminster and then we
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00067-00014295-00014519 brought three in from new york city and
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00068-00014519-00014758 international women's day
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00069-00014759-00014975 time to celebrate this right and honor
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00070-00014976-00015199 women and the power and the wonder and
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00071-00015200-00015415 the love of women and this also started
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00072-00015416-00015599 in february which is black history month
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00073-00015600-00015830 of course um and this is this is a great
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00074-00015831-00016055 time that you guys also have this too it
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00075-00016056-00016230 is you know it's really wonderful to
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00076-00016231-00016447 have a tremendously esteemed black
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00077-00016448-00016743 playwright telling stories about america
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00078-00016744-00016935 here in the springs so there's entry
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00079-00016936-00017127 points for everyone great well thank you
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00080-00017128-00017343 so much buddy you are wonderful we
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00081-00017344-00017463 appreciate you coming all the way down
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00082-00017464-00017622 from denver you guys we are going to
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00083-00017623-00017943 toss it back to you in studio
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00084-00017944-00018103 thanks ladies all right
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00085-00018104-00018311 right now the fine arts center at
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00086-00018312-00018527 colorado college is bringing a new show
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00087-00018528-00018727 to colorado springs this month so right
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00088-00018728-00018950 now sarah live and local downtown to
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00089-00018951-00019094 meet the cast and crew behind their
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00090-00019095-00019367 newest play by the way meet vera stark
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00091-00019368-00019575 sarah good morning
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00092-00019576-00019735 well good morning craig and abby did you
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00093-00019736-00019919 see i did a little chandelier movement
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00094-00019920-00020071 in the last tease i'm learning all about
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00095-00020072-00020255 the backstage here
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00096-00020256-00020486 this is called shandy this little rope
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00097-00020487-00020686 here that pulls the chandelier down such
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00098-00020687-00020863 a fitting name
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00099-00020864-00021039 joined right now by chris shealy the set
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00100-00021040-00021255 designer thank you so much thank you for
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00101-00021256-00021439 being here of course so tell us a little
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00102-00021440-00021622 bit about these ropes that kind of pull
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00103-00021623-00021799 the set around yeah sure we call these
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00104-00021800-00021967 fly lines and when you come to see a
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00105-00021968-00022158 show here as you watch scenery come and
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00106-00022159-00022391 go from the stage often it is hooked up
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00107-00022392-00022630 to these ropes and and as it's been for
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00108-00022631-00022783 hundreds of years there are individuals
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00109-00022784-00022967 like myself back here who are actually
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00110-00022968-00023158 pulling these ropes behind the scenes
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00111-00023159-00023350 during the show great and so we want to
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00112-00023351-00023519 also show what's behind this curtain
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00113-00023520-00023622 over here
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00114-00023623-00023894 we also this is a really cool set design
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00115-00023895-00024030 too because there's so many different
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00116-00024031-00024286 options for people to actually see this
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00117-00024287-00024542 and we have betty hart who is right
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00118-00024543-00024775 behind here good morning to you
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00119-00024776-00025030 good morning so tell us about this set
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00120-00025031-00025294 here and the different rooms we have so
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00121-00025295-00025463 by the way meep vera stark has many
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00122-00025464-00025662 different sets and this is one of them
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00123-00025663-00025934 so vera stark the title character lives
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00124-00025935-00026167 in this apartment with two other women
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00125-00026168-00026383 and so that's where we are right now
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00126-00026383-00026599 great and so this also is a little
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00127-00026600-00026839 backstage area yes vera stark is an
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00128-00026839-00027135 actress a hollywood actress or a want to
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00129-00027136-00027335 be hollywood actress and so this is a
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00130-00027336-00027599 film stage this is the back lot and this
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00131-00027600-00027767 is one of the scenes that you also get
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00132-00027768-00027990 to see in the show great and chris we
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00133-00027991-00028118 wanted to talk a little bit about as
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00134-00028119-00028351 we're moving up front how long this took
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00135-00028352-00028502 to bring your fish in
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00136-00028504-00028583 sure
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00137-00028583-00028735 any given show and this one is no
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00138-00028736-00028999 exception was about five months from the
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00139-00029000-00029207 time that betty and i first began to
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00140-00029208-00029535 talk to opening night so over that five
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00141-00029536-00029711 months we're collaborating we're talking
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00142-00029712-00029895 we're sharing ideas we're looking at
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00143-00029895-00030102 images and from the point at which all
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00144-00030103-00030287 the drafting and drawings are done the
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00145-00030288-00030567 shops need about four weeks to build and
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00146-00030568-00030711 paint it all and that's all the time
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00147-00030712-00030943 they get in order to come to this point
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00148-00030944-00031111 that you see here great and as we're
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00149-00031112-00031327 moving up to the front where we actually
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00150-00031327-00031567 started this morning this is the main
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00151-00031568-00031887 room that you won't actually see until
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00152-00031888-00032151 uh pretty far into the play right at the
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00153-00032152-00032543 end of act one we are in act one scene
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00154-00032544-00032862 four and this is where the big party
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00155-00032863-00033135 takes place and a beautiful set which is
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00156-00033136-00033327 really really unique
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00157-00033328-00033599 yeah every show that we do here is is
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00158-00033600-00033799 one of a kind so as opposed to other
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00159-00033800-00033974 theaters you might go to in town where
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00160-00033975-00034151 all of the scenery all of the props the
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00161-00034152-00034367 actors come on trucks and buses this is
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00162-00034368-00034607 created specifically for us here in the
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00163-00034608-00034839 building by our staff and local artisans
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00164-00034840-00035007 so when you come here you'll see this
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00165-00035008-00035207 for a fleeting night and then it will go
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00166-00035208-00035327 away and you can come back and see a
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00167-00035328-00035479 totally different production great and
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00168-00035480-00035646 real quickly betty tell us about these
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00169-00035647-00035935 tables i love these so much so one of
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00170-00035936-00036239 our thoughts was that gloria is wealthy
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00171-00036240-00036455 hollywood wealthy and so she would have
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00172-00036456-00036687 really beautiful ornate things and so
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00173-00036688-00036974 chris helped design this and it was made
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00174-00036975-00037159 for this show
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00175-00037160-00037335 in this building wonderful well thank
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00176-00037336-00037487 you so much betty and chris we
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00177-00037488-00037679 appreciate you thanks for showing us
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00178-00037680-00037927 around guys i want to tell you this it
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00179-00037928-00038183 only takes six people back there to move
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00180-00038184-00038359 these stages around which is insane to
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00181-00038360-00038518 me
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00182-00038519-00038655 it's pretty good by the way they know
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00183-00038656-00038774 their stuff there at the fine arts
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00184-00038775-00038983 center if you've ever seen uh or go see
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00185-00038984-00039255 a show musical play whatever
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00186-00039256-00039479 the production quality the actors all
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00187-00039480-00039695 like top-notch first class they do a
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00188-00039696-00039918 great job and a lot of talent there for
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00189-00039919-00040118 sure so thank you for taking us
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00190-00040119-00040318 backstage and showing us all about the
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00191-00040319-00040527 fine arts very nice thanks sarah but a
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00192-00040528-00040679 new play which is pulling back the
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00193-00040680-00040855 curtain on old hollywood is showing
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00194-00040856-00040990 right now at the fine arts center in
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00195-00040991-00041190 colorado springs so right now sarah live
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00196-00041191-00041374 and local telling us all about their new
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00197-00041375-00041655 show by the way meet vera stark sarah
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00198-00041656-00041879 good morning
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00199-00041880-00042087 well good morning craig and abby hey by
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00200-00042088-00042358 the way meet vera stark over here we're
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00201-00042359-00042574 meeting the main characters this morning
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00202-00042575-00042767 vera and gloria thank you so much
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00203-00042768-00042983 rebecca by the way in real life and
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00204-00042984-00043287 lynette we appreciate you so much hi hi
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00205-00043288-00043535 good morning so before we get into a
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00206-00043536-00043695 little song here we want to meet your
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00207-00043696-00043902 characters so gloria tell us about yours
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00208-00043903-00044215 totally um so gloria mitchell is my
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00209-00044216-00044502 character's name she is a glamorous
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00210-00044503-00044783 movie star from the 1930s doesn't
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00211-00044784-00045007 everyone want to know what that time was
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00212-00045008-00045111 like
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00213-00045112-00045399 and so she lucks out in that regard of
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00214-00045400-00045558 really getting a break she's coined
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00215-00045559-00045839 america's little sweetie pie oh great
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00216-00045840-00046071 okay and tell us about yours and i'm
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00217-00046072-00046479 playing vera stark and vera stark is
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00218-00046480-00046567 a
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00219-00046568-00046835 she's working as a maid but she also has
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00220-00046836-00046999 aspirations
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00221-00047000-00047174 and she actually is
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00222-00047175-00047486 a up-and-coming actress and she wants to
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00223-00047487-00047599 be
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00224-00047600-00047999 a starlet just like gloria is and um
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00225-00048000-00048262 the play follows their relationship
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00226-00048263-00048343 and
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00227-00048344-00048607 their careers as they develop great and
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00228-00048608-00048790 so tell us real quickly about how that
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00229-00048791-00049071 develops and before we get to the song
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00230-00049072-00049551 well uh vera works as gloria's maid so
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00231-00049552-00049743 they have a very intimate
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00232-00049744-00050095 rich nuanced relationship we'll say that
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00233-00050096-00050367 spans the course of many many
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00234-00050368-00050695 years and decades and in act two we get
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00235-00050696-00050935 to see them play out a little bit of
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00236-00050936-00051111 their relationship together well
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00237-00051112-00051302 speaking of that let's get to the song
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00238-00051303-00051438 real quickly and i'm going to step out
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00239-00051439-00051599 great
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00240-00051600-00051950 i'm just wild about harry
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00241-00051951-00052335 and harry's wild about me
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00242-00052336-00052775 the heavenly blisses of his kisses fill
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00243-00052776-00053094 me with ecstasy
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00244-00053095-00053503 he's sweet just like chocolate candy
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00245-00053504-00053863 and like the honey from a bee
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00246-00053864-00054342 oh i'm just wild about harry and he's
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00247-00054344-00054575 just wild about me
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00248-00054576-00055350 again
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00249-00055351-00055591 that was amazing and you guys are both
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00250-00055591-00055799 stars already we appreciate everything
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00251-00055800-00055991 about you and we're excited to get to
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00252-00055991-00056207 more this morning yeah great thank you
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00253-00056208-00056366 all right matt we will toss it back to
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00254-00056367-00056535 you in studio
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00255-00056536-00056703 thanks fergie ferg we're in between
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00256-00056704-00056919 systems today happening right now the
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00257-00056920-00057087 fine arts center at colorado college is
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00258-00057088-00057303 bringing a new show to colorado springs
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00259-00057304-00057479 this month so right now sarah live and
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00260-00057479-00057679 local downtown to meet the cast and crew
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00261-00057679-00057894 behind their newest play by the way meet
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00262-00057895-00058238 vera stark good morning ladies
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00263-00058239-00058430 well good morning craig and abby as ron
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00264-00058432-00058703 burgundy once said unique new york the
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00265-00058704-00058991 warm-ups are as important as getting
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00266-00058991-00059191 into the show that's why we're here in
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00267-00059191-00059319 the dressing room right now with the
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00268-00059320-00059575 main characters we have gloria and vera
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00269-00059576-00059742 and of course lynette and rebecca we
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00270-00059744-00059935 appreciate both of you thank you thanks
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00271-00059936-00060230 for having us it has been so fun in here
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00272-00060232-00060494 yeah it is so let's do a little warm-up
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00273-00060495-00060742 together i'm ready yeah do we want a
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00274-00060744-00060999 physical first sure it feels nice to get
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00275-00061000-00061319 the body open first okay reaching up and
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00276-00061320-00061575 over big breath going the wrong way no
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00277-00061576-00061791 that's okay you gotta go your own way
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00278-00061791-00062071 that's the famous song
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00279-00062072-00062271 yeah the breathing is important okay a
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00280-00062272-00062775 little shaking
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00281-00062776-00062926 [Music]
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00282-00062927-00063591 okay
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00283-00063591-00065087 [Music]
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00284-00065088-00066055 and then you do it all together uh-oh
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00285-00066056-00066175 i'm just going along with you i'll
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00286-00066176-00066367 provide the dance moves you guys do that
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00287-00066368-00066671 and uh very serious here it is it's very
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00288-00066672-00066894 very serious i'll just be backstage i'll
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00289-00066895-00067079 be helping with the set moving and all
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00290-00067080-00067271 that you guys take the stage for me
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00291-00067272-00067438 because obviously that i
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00292-00067439-00067743 didn't work out there
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00293-00067744-00067879 so tell us a little bit about how
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00294-00067880-00068079 important it is to do these warm-ups
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00295-00068080-00068311 um it's essential it's essential because
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00296-00068312-00068623 um acting is just a full body
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00297-00068624-00068991 full spiritual mind um experience and so
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00298-00068992-00069191 to stay present you have to be there
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00299-00069192-00069503 physically your voice is in your body so
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00300-00069504-00069775 your body has to be warmed up and
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00301-00069776-00069950 being able to access all the different
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00302-00069951-00070167 points of res
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00303-00070168-00070367 where we resonate in the body with the
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00304-00070368-00070582 voice also helps you access those points
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00305-00070583-00070791 of emotional points
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00306-00070792-00071031 so clearing the mind getting all of that
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00307-00071032-00071391 ready is what helps stay in character
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00308-00071392-00071567 and you guys were saying your costumes
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00309-00071568-00071838 are all the way down to your nail polish
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00310-00071839-00071950 yes
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00311-00071951-00072215 yes we are even asked to wear they're so
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00312-00072216-00072406 detailed and really well thought out
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00313-00072407-00072687 here that we get jewelry we get nail
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00314-00072688-00072959 polish undergarments yes undergarments
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00315-00072960-00073247 of course everything everything
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00316-00073248-00073423 and you had a couple tongue twisters you
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00317-00073424-00073679 wanted to try sure sure um
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00318-00073680-00073919 peter piper the pickled pepper baker
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00319-00073920-00074126 picked a peck of pickled peppers a peck
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00320-00074127-00074287 of pickled peppers did peter piper the
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00321-00074288-00074511 pickled pepper pick a pick
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00322-00074512-00074903 peter piper the pickled pepper
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00323-00074904-00075094 pickled peppers
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00324-00075095-00075287 pickled peppers did peter piper the
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00325-00075288-00075615 pickled pepper picker pick oh my gosh
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00326-00075616-00075823 that was really good wow you guys
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00327-00075824-00076047 finished really strong there like i said
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00328-00076048-00076238 i am the audience viewers are the
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00329-00076239-00076511 actresses i am here just to follow your
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00330-00076512-00076711 beat so thank you so much ladies thank
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00331-00076712-00076919 you so much for having us
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00332-00076920-00077143 craig and abby how impressive is that i
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00333-00077144-00077247 mean
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00334-00077248-00077471 obviously not over here but these two
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00335-00077472-00077655 they are doing good very impressive
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00336-00077656-00077806 that's a lot to do a lot to get warmed
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00337-00077807-00077903 up right
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00338-00077904-00078079 we should try some of those did you guys
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00339-00078080-00079023 do the warm-ups with us
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00340-00079024-00079247 ladies thank you thank you you want to
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00341-00079248-00079438 try yours again real quick betty butter
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00342-00079439-00079559 bought a bit of bitter butter but she
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00343-00079560-00079694 said this butter is better if i put it
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00344-00079695-00079823 in my batter it will make my batter
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00345-00079824-00079967 bitter butter but a better butter would
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00346-00079968-00080111 make my bitter batter a bit better so
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00347-00080112-00080271 betty botter went and bought a bit of
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00348-00080272-00080375 better butter and she put it in her
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00349-00080376-00080503 bitter batter and made her bitter batter
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00350-00080504-00080631 a bit better
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00351-00080632-00080767 wow
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00352-00080768-00080933 holy cow
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00353-00080934-00081055 [Applause]
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00354-00081056-00081206 that's my only skill are you warmed up
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00355-00081207-00081391 that's all i got you feel good yeah 7
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00356-00081392-00081591 30. i'm ready to go new play which is
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00357-00081592-00081759 pulling back the curtain on old
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00358-00081760-00081935 hollywood is showing right now at the
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00359-00081936-00082087 fine arts center in colorado springs
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00360-00082088-00082262 right now sarah live and local telling
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00361-00082263-00082511 us all about their new show by the way
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00362-00082512-00082894 meet vera stark sarah good morning
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00363-00082895-00083062 good morning craig and abby it is time
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00364-00083063-00083247 for me to
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00365-00083248-00083503 act i am going to try a little bit of
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00366-00083504-00083703 their scene here for act one scene one
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00367-00083704-00083911 we'll see how it goes joined once again
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00368-00083912-00084175 by lynette and rebecca thank you so much
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00369-00084176-00084455 also gloria and vera the main characters
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00370-00084456-00084655 here so i am sitting by royalty right
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00371-00084656-00084782 now
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00372-00084783-00084959 tell us a little bit about this scene
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00373-00084960-00085118 that we're going to do here
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00374-00085119-00085367 well we did all of that
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00375-00085368-00085623 vocal and physical prep to get you this
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00376-00085624-00085862 is a scene a little bit larger than life
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00377-00085863-00086103 the very first scene at the top of the
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00378-00086104-00086182 show
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00379-00086183-00086367 don't want to give too much away but
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00380-00086368-00086567 it's a really fun time yeah
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00381-00086568-00086726 okay so what do you say we get this
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00382-00086727-00086823 started
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00383-00086824-00087159 so for this to embody a true
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00384-00087160-00087423 movie star actor we've got to think
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00385-00087424-00087575 southern accent
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00386-00087576-00088055 draw out all of those vowel sounds
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00387-00088056-00088335 all those vials you're a natural
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00388-00088336-00088631 okay so let's try some of this together
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00389-00088632-00088791 and we're gonna work through it together
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00390-00088792-00089118 okay ready i got it yeah
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00391-00089119-00089431 miss mr lafayette here to see you
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00392-00089432-00089671 tell him i'm not here
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00393-00089672-00090150 try it tell him i am not here i cannot
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00394-00090151-00090359 bear to face him
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00395-00090360-00090550 not like this
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00396-00090551-00090911 not now not after that has happened
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00397-00090912-00091215 but he already knows you as he that
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00398-00091216-00091535 rascal cassius and told him well tell
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00399-00091536-00091831 him to go yes
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00400-00091832-00092135 tell him i am sleeping tell him anything
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00401-00092136-00093015 i can't no no i don't want to see him
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00402-00093016-00093199 okay so that's not really how it goes
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00403-00093200-00093326 we're gonna actually see from the
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00404-00093327-00093599 actresses how it goes all right ladies
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00405-00093600-00093950 take it away
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00406-00093951-00094062 miss
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00407-00094063-00094287 mr lafayette here to see
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00408-00094288-00094567 tell him i'm not here i can't bear to
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00409-00094568-00094959 face him not like this not now
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00410-00094960-00095255 not after all that has happened but he
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00411-00095256-00095438 already knows you're here
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00412-00095439-00095718 that rascal cassius done told him tell
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00413-00095719-00095991 him to go tell him i'm sleeping tell him
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00414-00095992-00096415 anything i can't no no i don't want to
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00415-00096416-00096574 see him
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00416-00096575-00096838 he ain't want me to say but he missing
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00417-00096839-00097038 you something awful oh won't you tell
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00418-00097039-00097247 him to go already
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00419-00097248-00097526 and see
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00420-00097527-00097671 see that's what i'm here for i can do
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00421-00097672-00097855 that all day i can help you guys with
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00422-00097856-00098031 that thank you so much ladies we
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00423-00098032-00098271 appreciate you thank you
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00424-00098272-00098415 all right craig and abby i need to work
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00425-00098416-00098591 on my southern accent just a little bit
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00426-00098592-00098774 but hey give it up for these ladies
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00427-00098775-00098844 right
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00428-00098845-00098974 [Applause]
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00429-00098975-00099294 i thought her accent was spot on it was
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00430-00099295-00099774 it was it was spot on something she's
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00431-00099775-00099967 happy girl i will come back to you and
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00432-00099968-00100159 bring you a little snack just for saying
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00433-00100160-00100415 that sweetie thanks darling
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00434-00100416-00100671 she's found her garlic hey sugar
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00435-00100672-00101111 thank you thank you sarah i have
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00436-00101112-00101271 happening right now the fine arts center
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00437-00101272-00101423 at colorado college is bringing a new
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00438-00101424-00101647 show to colorado springs this month you
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00439-00101648-00101943 ready for hollywood hey
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00440-00101944-00102262 all right now there's no business like
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00441-00102263-00102447 show business
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00442-00102448-00102671 let's go to uh sarah downtown oh she's
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00443-00102672-00102910 feeling it this isn't a smooth jam
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00444-00102911-00103071 broadway
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00445-00103072-00103175 show
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00446-00103176-00103406 there you go hey uh the new play right
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00447-00103407-00103782 now it's by the way meet vera
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00448-00103783-00104023 good morning
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00449-00104024-00104102 good
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00450-00104103-00104318 morning colorado springs
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00451-00104319-00104510 coming up
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00452-00104511-00104623 here
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00453-00104624-00104983 oh got my egg from colorado springs
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00454-00104983-00105302 we're talking all about oh thank you so
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00455-00105303-00105486 much
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00456-00105488-00105623 betty hart thank you so much the
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00457-00105624-00105863 director here thank you for having me of
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00458-00105864-00106031 course so tell us a little bit about
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00459-00106032-00106239 your cast and how you chose your cast
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00460-00106240-00106439 well there's seven extraordinary people
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00461-00106440-00106615 and one of the fun things about the show
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00462-00106616-00107015 is five of them play multiple roles okay
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00463-00107016-00107278 how did you go about casting you know i
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00464-00107279-00107502 love that question because ordinarily
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00465-00107503-00107734 you have people come into a room live
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00466-00107735-00107934 and you audition them but because of
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00467-00107935-00108175 covid we had to do all of it through
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00468-00108176-00108454 zoom how how was that process
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00469-00108455-00108607 really different because you're trying
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00470-00108608-00108799 to build relationship and see what
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00471-00108800-00109007 people are like and kind of check on
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00472-00109008-00109190 chemistry even though you don't
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00473-00109191-00109351 technically know if any of it's real
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00474-00109352-00109583 because it's virtual that is so great
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00475-00109583-00109815 and your cast is so unique they are so
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00476-00109816-00110054 fun they are so genuine
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00477-00110055-00110295 and tell us a little bit about you know
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00478-00110296-00110534 the play itself and maybe a little bit
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00479-00110535-00110695 about what people can expect from the
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00480-00110696-00110766 play
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00481-00110767-00111015 well the play by lynn nottage is really
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00482-00111016-00111223 quite wonderful and it takes us on a
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00483-00111224-00111527 journey of really seeing vera stark a
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00484-00111528-00111678 young woman who we meet and in the
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00485-00111679-00111919 beginning she is a maid and an aspiring
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00486-00111920-00112175 actor and we actually get to see her
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00487-00112176-00112431 rise to stardom and all of the different
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00488-00112432-00112599 things that happen along the way and
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00489-00112600-00112766 tickets are still available for people
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00490-00112767-00112983 absolutely wednesdays wednesday night
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00491-00112983-00113247 through saturday nights sunday matinees
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00492-00113248-00113510 through march 20th see the matinee is
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00493-00113511-00113678 what the morning show needs to go to
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00494-00113679-00114015 because we are in bed by seven and not
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00495-00114016-00114247 one minute later yeah which would make
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00496-00114248-00114375 you would miss curtains because curtains
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00497-00114376-00114590 at 7 30 every other night we'd be asleep
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00498-00114591-00114775 but yeah we need to come for the matinee
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00499-00114776-00115007 of course but an amazing show very
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00500-00115008-00115183 exciting and thank you so much for
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00501-00115183-00115302 letting us talk to you a little bit
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00502-00115303-00115495 about how you put this together oh it's
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00503-00115496-00115710 my honor thank you yes and the sets here
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00504-00115711-00115902 i mean you've you've had to
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00505-00115903-00116095 envision these sets and putting them
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00506-00116096-00116278 together and what was that process like
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00507-00116279-00116471 you know taking people on a journey from
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00508-00116472-00116823 the 1930s all the way to the 2000s is a
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00509-00116824-00116999 really challenging thing and one of the
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00510-00117000-00117158 coolest ways of doing it is through the
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00511-00117159-00117375 visual medium of the sets and so working
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00512-00117376-00117543 with chris shealy our amazing set
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00513-00117544-00117766 designer and all of the team here at fac
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00514-00117767-00117943 made it possible well thank you so much
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00515-00117944-00118175 we appreciate you i appreciate you oh
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00516-00118176-00118351 thank you and as craig was saying
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00517-00118352-00118647 there's no show business like stow
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00518-00118648-00118863 business i don't know i'm doing some
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00519-00118864-00119031 jazz hands guys i'm going to toss it i
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00520-00119032-00119263 was not saying that
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00521-00119264-00119583 there's no show business like snow snow
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00522-00119583-00119678 business
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00523-00119679-00120166 uh what are you singing that's okay
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00524-00120167-00120390 who has the mic here okay i'm seeing
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00525-00120391-00120583 what goes into the mic all right
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00526-00120583-00120790 whatever goes in there is what comes out
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00527-00120791-00121023 i can't promise anything else
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00528-00121024-00121295 oh we love it thank you vera thank you
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00529-00121296-00121510 all right time right now it's 8 29 well
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00530-00121511-00121671 hey well a new play which is pulling
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00531-00121672-00121854 back the curtain on old hollywood is
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00532-00121855-00122007 showing right now at the fine arts
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00533-00122008-00122190 center in colorado springs so right now
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00534-00122191-00122343 sarah live and local telling us all
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00535-00122344-00122575 about their new show called by the way
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00536-00122576-00122863 meet meera stark uh sarah good morning
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00537-00122864-00122990 don't do that
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00538-00122991-00123207 good morning greg and abby we are joined
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00539-00123208-00123478 one more by the director here
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00540-00123479-00123678 buddy heart no we weren't talking to you
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00541-00123679-00123831 we were talking about the lighting we're
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00542-00123832-00124071 good it's all good we're here this
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00543-00124072-00124271 morning we're doing a great job this
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00544-00124272-00124463 morning talking all about this wonderful
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00545-00124464-00124639 play that's coming out thank you so much
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00546-00124640-00124814 thank you so much for having me of
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00547-00124815-00125047 course so tell us a little bit about art
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00548-00125048-00125214 i mean art is for everyone and that's
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00549-00125215-00125375 really the mission here at the fine arts
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00550-00125376-00125623 center i love that question because so
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00551-00125624-00125814 often people think art or theater is
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00552-00125815-00125999 only for one group of people but in
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00553-00126000-00126278 reality it's for every age every stage
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00554-00126279-00126510 and it's for every single person great
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00555-00126511-00126647 and tell us a little bit about the
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00556-00126648-00126878 stories that especially this play will
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00557-00126879-00127078 bring you know what i love about this is
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00558-00127079-00127310 that it's highlighting women and here we
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00559-00127311-00127599 are on international women's day talking
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00560-00127600-00127783 about a play that's highlighting women
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00561-00127783-00128071 in particular black women white women
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00562-00128072-00128231 bringing people together to tell stories
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00563-00128232-00128439 that will touch your soul and something
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00564-00128440-00128599 really cool that we wanted to talk about
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00565-00128600-00128886 is the talkbacks yes tell us about those
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00566-00128888-00129078 so when you see a play often you have
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00567-00129079-00129278 questions but you don't get to ask them
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00568-00129279-00129486 of the people who know but here at the
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00569-00129488-00129702 fine arts center you can on the final
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00570-00129703-00129958 performance day sunday march 20th after
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00571-00129959-00130151 the show we will have a post-show
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00572-00130152-00130327 conversation with me the director and
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00573-00130328-00130534 all of the cast and anyone who has
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00574-00130535-00130790 already seen the play can come back in
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00575-00130791-00131014 just for that post-show conversation ask
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00576-00131015-00131278 your questions get great answers and we
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00577-00131279-00131559 even have a few questions for you oh i
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00578-00131560-00131847 like that a little surprise there yeah
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00579-00131848-00132151 people need to be on their toes always
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00580-00132152-00132311 and tickets are still available too
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00581-00132312-00132487 tickets are still available wednesdays
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00582-00132488-00132647 through sundays and i love the fact that
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00583-00132648-00132823 on wednesdays if you're on a budget all
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00584-00132824-00132975 the seats are 20
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00585-00132976-00133078 what
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00586-00133079-00133254 well i'm on a budget and i will be here
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00587-00133255-00133431 sunday okay
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00588-00133432-00133687 the matinee can't wait and really cool
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00589-00133688-00133959 design here for the set yeah the
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00590-00133960-00134190 incredible designers did an amazing job
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00591-00134191-00134407 on the show and this is just a taste of
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00592-00134408-00134543 what you'll get to see and we were
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00593-00134544-00134702 talking a little bit about the lighting
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00594-00134703-00134959 before the segment too and i mean it's
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00595-00134960-00135095 just amazing what you guys can do to
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00596-00135096-00135247 bring to it play to make it so much
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00597-00135248-00135495 different it's true every single scene
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00598-00135496-00135663 has a completely different look and feel
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00599-00135664-00135959 because of lighting costumes set
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00600-00135960-00136095 wonderful well thank you so much for
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00601-00136096-00136302 joining us thank you you are wonderful
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00602-00136303-00136471 your cast is wonderful they are
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00603-00136472-00136719 wonderful chris with set design is great
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00604-00136720-00136854 phenomenal
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00605-00136855-00136990 thank you so much and we are going to
OvlpTBx0Dl8-00606-00136991-00137348 toss it to break
Owwfq2LlU5y-00000-00000000-00000023 [Music]
Owwfq2LlU5y-00001-00000024-00000193 foreign
Owwfq2LlU5y-00002-00000194-00001092 [Music]
Owwfq2LlU5y-00003-00001093-00001127 [Applause]
Owwfq2LlU5y-00004-00001128-00003160 [Music]
Owwfq2LlU5y-00005-00003161-00003581 foreign
Owwfq2LlU5y-00006-00003582-00005927 [Music]
Owwfq2LlU5y-00007-00005928-00006020 thank you
Owwfq2LlU5y-00008-00006021-00008279 [Music]
Owwfq2LlU5y-00009-00008280-00009036 [Music]
Owwfq2LlU5y-00010-00009037-00009210 [Music]
Owwfq2LlU5y-00011-00009211-00009974 see more seconds
Owwfq2LlU5y-00013-00013736-00014338 thank you
Owwfq2LlU5y-00014-00014338-00015655 [Music]
Owwfq2LlU5y-00015-00015656-00015847 thank you
Owwfq2LlU5y-00016-00015849-00017741 [Music]
Owwfq2LlU5y-00017-00017742-00018047 foreign
Owwfq2LlU5y-00019-00021558-00021913 Christmas thank you
Owwfq2LlU5y-00021-00025613-00027277 foreign
Owwfq2LlU5y-00022-00027277-00029399 [Music]
Owwfq2LlU5y-00023-00029400-00029719 foreign
Owwfq2LlU5y-00024-00029720-00030725 [Music]
Owwfq2LlU5y-00025-00030726-00031051 [Applause]
Owwfq2LlU5y-00026-00031052-00032789 [Music]
Owwfq2LlU5y-00027-00032790-00033979 foreign
Owwfq2LlU5y-00028-00033980-00036401 [Music]
Owwfq2LlU5y-00029-00036402-00036580 foreign
Owwfq2LlU5y-00030-00036581-00036838 [Music]
Owwfq2LlU5y-00031-00036839-00037195 [Applause]
Owwfq2LlU5y-00032-00037196-00038888 [Music]
Owwfq2LlU5y-00033-00038889-00040757 [Music]
Owwfq2LlU5y-00034-00040758-00040859 foreign
Owwfq2LlU5y-00035-00040860-00042944 [Music]
OzqQHIKMJ_Y-00000-00000067-00000387 chemotactic responses elicited by the
OzqQHIKMJ_Y-00001-00000388-00000640 ligand receptor interactions are
OzqQHIKMJ_Y-00002-00000641-00000900 distinguished generally upon the optimal
OzqQHIKMJ_Y-00003-00000901-00001208 effective concentrations of the ligand
OzqQHIKMJ_Y-00004-00001209-00001489 nevertheless correlation of the
OzqQHIKMJ_Y-00005-00001490-00001768 amplitude elicited and ratio of the
OzqQHIKMJ_Y-00006-00001769-00002047 responder cells compared to the total
OzqQHIKMJ_Y-00007-00002048-00002344 number are also characteristic features
OzqQHIKMJ_Y-00008-00002345-00002661 of the chemotactic signaling
OzqQHIKMJ_Y-00009-00002662-00002973 investigations of ligand families eg
OzqQHIKMJ_Y-00010-00002974-00003357 amino acids or all ago peptides proved
OzqQHIKMJ_Y-00011-00003358-00003570 that there is a fitting of rangers
OzqQHIKMJ_Y-00012-00003571-00003915 amplitudes number of responder cells and
OzqQHIKMJ_Y-00013-00003917-00004202 chemotactic activities chemoattractant
OzqQHIKMJ_Y-00014-00004203-00004530 moiety is accompanied with wide while
OzqQHIKMJ_Y-00015-00004531-00005005 chain repellant character narrow ranges
O-CTnE-Vboo-00000-00000090-00000567 [Music]
O-CTnE-Vboo-00001-00000568-00000726 my name is josephus pay
O-CTnE-Vboo-00002-00000727-00001031 i am a co-team leader of nubut
O-CTnE-Vboo-00003-00001032-00001199 and i am studying for a bachelor of
O-CTnE-Vboo-00004-00001200-00001335 computer science honors here at the
O-CTnE-Vboo-00005-00001336-00001478 university of newcastle
O-CTnE-Vboo-00006-00001479-00001639 i joined the team shortly after i
O-CTnE-Vboo-00007-00001639-00001814 started uni and i've been working on
O-CTnE-Vboo-00008-00001816-00001982 news site and other projects since
O-CTnE-Vboo-00009-00001984-00002239 so nusite is a real-time visualization
O-CTnE-Vboo-00010-00002240-00002407 tool which we built here at nubuts to
O-CTnE-Vboo-00011-00002408-00002550 help us understand and improve our
O-CTnE-Vboo-00012-00002551-00002655 robots
O-CTnE-Vboo-00013-00002656-00002823 it's a web application you run on your
O-CTnE-Vboo-00014-00002824-00003023 computer which allows you to visualize
O-CTnE-Vboo-00015-00003024-00003215 and explore robotic data
O-CTnE-Vboo-00016-00003215-00003383 and in a way you can say new site is
O-CTnE-Vboo-00017-00003384-00003575 like a tool we use for reading the minds
O-CTnE-Vboo-00018-00003576-00003670 of our robots
O-CTnE-Vboo-00019-00003671-00003863 as you might imagine building autonomous
O-CTnE-Vboo-00020-00003864-00004006 soccer playing robots
O-CTnE-Vboo-00021-00004007-00004143 that use advanced artificial
O-CTnE-Vboo-00022-00004144-00004343 intelligence is not a simple task
O-CTnE-Vboo-00023-00004344-00004535 each of our robots is a complex system
O-CTnE-Vboo-00024-00004536-00004711 of hardware and software pieces that
O-CTnE-Vboo-00025-00004712-00004751 must
O-CTnE-Vboo-00026-00004752-00004927 fit together precisely for something to
O-CTnE-Vboo-00027-00004928-00005063 work if
O-CTnE-Vboo-00028-00005064-00005286 one part of it breaks it's very
O-CTnE-Vboo-00029-00005287-00005422 difficult to tell what that is from the
O-CTnE-Vboo-00030-00005423-00005527 outside
O-CTnE-Vboo-00031-00005528-00005759 so this is a system visibility problem
O-CTnE-Vboo-00032-00005760-00005975 and we set out to solve it to
O-CTnE-Vboo-00033-00005976-00006143 improve our research and development
O-CTnE-Vboo-00034-00006144-00006295 processes making it faster
O-CTnE-Vboo-00035-00006296-00006510 easier and more efficient so when
O-CTnE-Vboo-00036-00006511-00006734 running a robot collects data from
O-CTnE-Vboo-00037-00006736-00006934 its sensors cameras and other input
O-CTnE-Vboo-00038-00006936-00007167 devices we take this data and we
O-CTnE-Vboo-00039-00007168-00007367 transfer it wirelessly to new site where
O-CTnE-Vboo-00040-00007368-00007534 it's visualized in real time using one
O-CTnE-Vboo-00041-00007536-00007767 of several visualization interfaces
O-CTnE-Vboo-00042-00007768-00007983 one of these interfaces is the dashboard
O-CTnE-Vboo-00043-00007984-00008078 which shows
O-CTnE-Vboo-00044-00008079-00008239 an overall status of all the robots that
O-CTnE-Vboo-00045-00008240-00008414 are connected we also have another
O-CTnE-Vboo-00046-00008415-00008583 interface called localization which
O-CTnE-Vboo-00047-00008584-00008774 shows a 3d view of the field
O-CTnE-Vboo-00048-00008775-00008942 and where all the robots are on it and
O-CTnE-Vboo-00049-00008943-00009078 how they're moving physically in the
O-CTnE-Vboo-00050-00009079-00009183 world
O-CTnE-Vboo-00051-00009184-00009414 we also have a vision interface which
O-CTnE-Vboo-00052-00009415-00009487 shows us
O-CTnE-Vboo-00053-00009488-00009639 a stream of images coming from the
O-CTnE-Vboo-00054-00009640-00009855 robots and then we have a chart
O-CTnE-Vboo-00055-00009856-00010046 interface which allows us to plot any
O-CTnE-Vboo-00056-00010047-00010231 number of data points from any number of
O-CTnE-Vboo-00057-00010232-00010406 robots at the same time
O-CTnE-Vboo-00058-00010407-00010623 so taking together these visualizations
O-CTnE-Vboo-00059-00010624-00010767 allow us to
O-CTnE-Vboo-00060-00010768-00010959 understand at any time what's going on
O-CTnE-Vboo-00061-00010960-00011078 with each robot
O-CTnE-Vboo-00062-00011079-00011255 thereby solving our problem of system
O-CTnE-Vboo-00063-00011256-00011495 visibility which we had before
O-CTnE-Vboo-00064-00011496-00011695 personally my goal for this project was
O-CTnE-Vboo-00065-00011696-00011959 to help build a tool to empower the team
O-CTnE-Vboo-00066-00011960-00012151 as we work together to solve the shared
O-CTnE-Vboo-00067-00012152-00012351 goal of building a team of robots that
O-CTnE-Vboo-00068-00012352-00012567 can defeat the human world champions by
O-CTnE-Vboo-00069-00012568-00012687 2050
O-CTnE-Vboo-00070-00012688-00012879 as a team our goal was to improve our
O-CTnE-Vboo-00071-00012880-00013022 system visibility
O-CTnE-Vboo-00072-00013023-00013158 and accelerate our research and
O-CTnE-Vboo-00073-00013159-00013343 development though we've largely
O-CTnE-Vboo-00074-00013344-00013503 achieved those goals we feel like we can
O-CTnE-Vboo-00075-00013504-00013566 do more
O-CTnE-Vboo-00076-00013568-00013879 so using technologies like vr and ar
O-CTnE-Vboo-00077-00013880-00014063 we can build visualizations that are a
O-CTnE-Vboo-00078-00014063-00014286 lot more interactive and immersive
O-CTnE-Vboo-00079-00014287-00014511 providing a platform for visualizing and
O-CTnE-Vboo-00080-00014512-00014703 exploring large data sets
O-CTnE-Vboo-00081-00014704-00014855 not just from the field of robotics but
O-CTnE-Vboo-00082-00014856-00015063 from other fields such as medicine
O-CTnE-Vboo-00083-00015063-00015286 cyber security and environmental science
O-CTnE-Vboo-00084-00015287-00015463 to me that's very exciting and it's the
O-CTnE-Vboo-00085-00015463-00015583 future of some of the work we're doing
O-CTnE-Vboo-00086-00015584-00016328 here at nubucks
O_eBDWc2zl8-00000-00000942-00001495 [Applause]
O_eBDWc2zl8-00001-00001496-00001687 as i said they have been issued an
O_eBDWc2zl8-00002-00001688-00001839 ultimatum
O_eBDWc2zl8-00003-00001839-00002095 aircrafts are on standby and ready to
O_eBDWc2zl8-00004-00002096-00002326 launch an attack on all positions held
O_eBDWc2zl8-00005-00002327-00002487 by the republican service army
O_eBDWc2zl8-00006-00002488-00003217 evolutionists
O_eBDWc2zl8-00007-00003218-00004119 [Music]
O_eBDWc2zl8-00008-00004120-00004696 foreign
O_eBDWc2zl8-00009-00004697-00005638 [Applause]
O_eBDWc2zl8-00010-00005639-00007087 yes
O_eBDWc2zl8-00011-00007088-00008431 republicans
O_eBDWc2zl8-00012-00008432-00008910 is
O_eBDWc2zl8-00013-00008911-00009095 what is the point of having an ultimatum
O_eBDWc2zl8-00014-00009096-00009573 if you don't deliver
O_eBDWc2zl8-00015-00009574-00010167 [Music]
O_eBDWc2zl8-00016-00010168-00010478 they are killing people outside
O_eBDWc2zl8-00017-00010479-00010663 what difference does it make whether the
O_eBDWc2zl8-00018-00010664-00012783 serbs kill us or you do
O_eBDWc2zl8-00019-00012784-00012991 you
OCZvtPX7FI0-00000-00000000-00000305 the ammonium ion us revelations continue
OCZvtPX7FI0-00001-00000306-00000521 to emerge from the NSA files Edward
OCZvtPX7FI0-00002-00000522-00000770 Snowden disclosed the guardian of London
OCZvtPX7FI0-00003-00000771-00000956 reports the British government conducted
OCZvtPX7FI0-00004-00000957-00001172 extensive surveillance on foreign
OCZvtPX7FI0-00005-00001173-00001532 diplomats attending the 2009 g20 summit
OCZvtPX7FI0-00006-00001533-00001837 in London Britain's NSA counterpart the
OCZvtPX7FI0-00007-00001838-00002227 GCHQ established fake internet cafes to
OCZvtPX7FI0-00008-00002228-00002471 spy on foreign delegates computer use
OCZvtPX7FI0-00009-00002472-00002758 the agency also hacked into officials
OCZvtPX7FI0-00010-00002759-00003038 BlackBerry's to monitor their emails and
OCZvtPX7FI0-00011-00003039-00003293 phone calls the NSA played a role in the
OCZvtPX7FI0-00012-00003294-00003518 operation by sharing information on the
OCZvtPX7FI0-00013-00003519-00003758 phone calls of Russian leader Dmitry
OCZvtPX7FI0-00014-00003759-00004036 Medvedev their targets included British
OCZvtPX7FI0-00015-00004037-00004241 government allies such as South Africa
OCZvtPX7FI0-00016-00004242-00004484 and Turkey the spying appears to have
OCZvtPX7FI0-00017-00004485-00004649 been spurred by the British government's
OCZvtPX7FI0-00018-00004650-00004901 desire for an advantage in the g20 talks
OCZvtPX7FI0-00019-00004902-00005159 an internal briefing paper said the
OCZvtPX7FI0-00020-00005160-00005413 GCHQ's intent was to provide quote
OCZvtPX7FI0-00021-00005414-00005579 intelligence relevant to the
OCZvtPX7FI0-00022-00005580-00005759 government's desired outcomes for its
OCZvtPX7FI0-00023-00005760-00006136 presidency of the g20 the news comes
OCZvtPX7FI0-00024-00006137-00006397 just as Britain's hosting the g8 summit
OCZvtPX7FI0-00025-00006398-00006683 which begins today all g eight members
OCZvtPX7FI0-00026-00006684-00006887 belong to the g20 and the latest
OCZvtPX7FI0-00027-00006888-00007096 revelations are likely to fuel tensions
OCZvtPX7FI0-00028-00007097-00007328 ahead of the g8 thousands of people
OCZvtPX7FI0-00029-00007329-00007514 marched in Northern Ireland near where
OCZvtPX7FI0-00030-00007515-00007823 the two-day summit is being held well G
OCZvtPX7FI0-00031-00007823-00008027 it is common for every action there's a
OCZvtPX7FI0-00032-00008028-00008285 reaction our reaction is you need to
OCZvtPX7FI0-00033-00008286-00008428 listen to the people there's a chance
OCZvtPX7FI0-00034-00008429-00008635 for a better word here the way you're
OCZvtPX7FI0-00035-00008636-00008810 doing it isn't working at it isn't fair
OCZvtPX7FI0-00036-00008811-00009139 we gave our kids today to casing high to
OCZvtPX7FI0-00037-00009140-00009460 protest peacefully against what we see
OCZvtPX7FI0-00038-00009461-00009767 are greedy fat cats who are here to take
OCZvtPX7FI0-00039-00009768-00009878 over
OCZvtPX7FI0-00040-00009879-00010052 they're small part of the words in all
OCZvtPX7FI0-00041-00010053-00010289 of the word on Sunday amnesty
OCZvtPX7FI0-00042-00010290-00010466 international stage to rally for the
OCZvtPX7FI0-00043-00010467-00010667 closure of Guantanamo Bay outside a
OCZvtPX7FI0-00044-00010668-00010874 Belfast venue where President Obama
OCZvtPX7FI0-00045-00010875-00011147 speaking today amnesty spokesperson
OCZvtPX7FI0-00046-00011148-00011336 Patrick Corrigan said Guantanamo's
OCZvtPX7FI0-00047-00011337-00011588 continued existence undermines Obama's
OCZvtPX7FI0-00048-00011589-00011894 credibility on global issues we say to
OCZvtPX7FI0-00049-00011895-00012149 President Obama come here support our
OCZvtPX7FI0-00050-00012150-00012365 peace but support support peace in the
OCZvtPX7FI0-00051-00012366-00012593 rule of law internationally by closing
OCZvtPX7FI0-00052-00012594-00012824 Guantanamo unceasingly breaches of
OCZvtPX7FI0-00053-00012825-00013046 international law then we can take you
OCZvtPX7FI0-00054-00013047-00013229 more seriously as a global leader at
OCZvtPX7FI0-00055-00013230-00013475 least
ODhLGOttqWQ-00000-00000006-00000353 it is 2018 again at the beginning of the
ODhLGOttqWQ-00001-00000354-00000551 year and you have to think about what
ODhLGOttqWQ-00002-00000552-00000665 the future will bring
ODhLGOttqWQ-00003-00000666-00000853 we are investors so we have to make up
ODhLGOttqWQ-00004-00000855-00001158 our mind this is a good year to invest
ODhLGOttqWQ-00005-00001159-00001516 now this is a question a lot of people
ODhLGOttqWQ-00006-00001517-00001766 ask themselves and unfortunately nobody
ODhLGOttqWQ-00007-00001767-00001964 can answer it correctly
ODhLGOttqWQ-00008-00001964-00002249 I remember reading Peter Lynch The Wall
ODhLGOttqWQ-00009-00002250-00002564 Street guru who said that they predicted
ODhLGOttqWQ-00010-00002565-00002921 over ten years where the market would be
ODhLGOttqWQ-00011-00002922-00003140 in the next year and they were wrong all
ODhLGOttqWQ-00012-00003141-00003461 time and when Peter Majer says stay he
ODhLGOttqWQ-00013-00003461-00003710 means the top analysts at Wall Street
ODhLGOttqWQ-00014-00003711-00003899 whenever they thought it was a good year
ODhLGOttqWQ-00015-00003900-00004151 it was a bad year as a matter of fact 87
ODhLGOttqWQ-00016-00004152-00004676 was their most bullish forecast and the
ODhLGOttqWQ-00017-00004677-00004879 best year then actually was when they
ODhLGOttqWQ-00018-00004880-00005126 had the worst forecasts what people do
ODhLGOttqWQ-00019-00005127-00005561 is they look back and they see in 2017
ODhLGOttqWQ-00020-00005562-00005867 was a very good year well 2018 is going
ODhLGOttqWQ-00021-00005868-00006152 to be roughly the same so he here very
ODhLGOttqWQ-00022-00006153-00006322 positive forecast right now as a matter
ODhLGOttqWQ-00023-00006323-00006506 of fact if you go to the banks they will
ODhLGOttqWQ-00024-00006506-00006709 all tell you this is going to be a good
ODhLGOttqWQ-00025-00006711-00006977 investment year but I would like to tell
ODhLGOttqWQ-00026-00006978-00007256 you a little story in the US they made
ODhLGOttqWQ-00027-00007256-00007503 an analysis how could forecast are and
ODhLGOttqWQ-00028-00007504-00007798 they did the following they asked
ODhLGOttqWQ-00029-00007800-00008333 experts to choose from different
ODhLGOttqWQ-00030-00008334-00008699 outcomes where the stock market grow by
ODhLGOttqWQ-00031-00008700-00008863 10%
ODhLGOttqWQ-00032-00008864-00009295 we need states flood or will it actually
ODhLGOttqWQ-00033-00009296-00009703 contract a 10% and the experts had to
ODhLGOttqWQ-00034-00009704-00010091 answer they had to choose 10% 0 or minus
ODhLGOttqWQ-00035-00010092-00010367 10% and whenever somebody said it's
ODhLGOttqWQ-00036-00010368-00010916 going to grow 10% they add a little bar
ODhLGOttqWQ-00037-00010917-00011153 here until they had all the answers
ODhLGOttqWQ-00038-00011154-00011431 let's assume right now a lot of people
ODhLGOttqWQ-00039-00011432-00011555 would probably say it's gonna grow back
ODhLGOttqWQ-00040-00011556-00011960 10% while we're if you would say it will
ODhLGOttqWQ-00041-00011961-00012251 actually contract by 10% and maybe you
ODhLGOttqWQ-00042-00012252-00012635 less people will say it grows by 0% this
ODhLGOttqWQ-00043-00012636-00012844 could very well be what happens right
ODhLGOttqWQ-00044-00012845-00013096 now they did this over a long period of
ODhLGOttqWQ-00045-00013097-00013159 time
ODhLGOttqWQ-00046-00013160-00013315 yes again and again and they always
ODhLGOttqWQ-00047-00013316-00013563 measured what people think and then they
ODhLGOttqWQ-00048-00013565-00013804 looked what actually turned out to be
ODhLGOttqWQ-00049-00013805-00014094 true and what turned out to be true was
ODhLGOttqWQ-00050-00014096-00014344 always the selection that was favored
ODhLGOttqWQ-00051-00014344-00014458 the least
ODhLGOttqWQ-00052-00014459-00014691 so whenever a lot of experts said a
ODhLGOttqWQ-00053-00014693-00014991 certain option is less likely it was the
ODhLGOttqWQ-00054-00014993-00015301 option that actually happened this about
ODhLGOttqWQ-00055-00015302-00015610 forecasting it is extremely difficult to
ODhLGOttqWQ-00056-00015611-00015961 forecast the future so what do I do well
ODhLGOttqWQ-00057-00015962-00016222 I have to invest in 2018 and I do the
ODhLGOttqWQ-00058-00016222-00016393 same as in 2017
ODhLGOttqWQ-00059-00016394-00016609 I keep investing my retirement savings
ODhLGOttqWQ-00060-00016610-00016999 every every period at a time every month
ODhLGOttqWQ-00061-00017000-00017191 every week depending on how often you
ODhLGOttqWQ-00062-00017192-00017407 want to invest your portfolio because I
ODhLGOttqWQ-00063-00017408-00017623 cannot predict if this year is going to
ODhLGOttqWQ-00064-00017624-00017869 be as bad I expected last year to be or
ODhLGOttqWQ-00065-00017870-00018121 if this year is as good as last year
ODhLGOttqWQ-00066-00018122-00018451 actually was this is my decision I wish
ODhLGOttqWQ-00067-00018452-00018653 you good luck with your decision
ODhLGOttqWQ-00068-00018654-00019322 [Music]
ODqm9evlBVA-00000-00000051-00000233 article 1 of the United States
ODqm9evlBVA-00001-00000234-00000463 Constitution gives the Senate the power
ODqm9evlBVA-00002-00000464-00000772 to determine the elections returns and
ODqm9evlBVA-00003-00000773-00001088 qualifications of its own members as a
ODqm9evlBVA-00004-00001089-00001283 result the Senate has been asked to
ODqm9evlBVA-00005-00001284-00001427 review the election of one of its
ODqm9evlBVA-00006-00001428-00001685 members many times
ODqm9evlBVA-00007-00001686-00002099 equals equals election cases
ODFu4pOm8y8-00000-00000000-00000557 Oh
ODFu4pOm8y8-00001-00000558-00001302 [Music]
ODFu4pOm8y8-00002-00001303-00001568 [Applause]
ODFu4pOm8y8-00003-00001569-00002403 [Music]
ODFu4pOm8y8-00004-00002404-00003065 [Music]
ODFu4pOm8y8-00005-00003066-00003920 you
ODFu4pOm8y8-00006-00003921-00004186 hi everybody I'm Dalton link on the
ODFu4pOm8y8-00007-00004187-00004381 community mentors coastal media manager
ODFu4pOm8y8-00008-00004382-00004591 forfend I namco us we're down here in
ODFu4pOm8y8-00009-00004592-00004806 Chile Eric super excited to show the
ODFu4pOm8y8-00010-00004807-00004966 press and all the fans the brand new
ODFu4pOm8y8-00011-00004967-00005193 games that are coming out 2017 for event
ODFu4pOm8y8-00012-00005194-00005641 I namco you know like it sevyn proud of
ODFu4pOm8y8-00013-00005642-00005952 the top-tier fighter and it's one of the
ODFu4pOm8y8-00014-00005953-00006197 kind of the evolution of the franchise
ODFu4pOm8y8-00015-00006198-00006503 it's going to feature over 30 characters
ODFu4pOm8y8-00016-00006504-00006816 all different costumes all new stages we
ODFu4pOm8y8-00017-00006817-00007046 have some new characters like a puma
ODFu4pOm8y8-00018-00007047-00007402 Kazumi that are going to be in the game
ODFu4pOm8y8-00019-00007403-00007653 you know we we already had a second
ODFu4pOm8y8-00020-00007654-00007998 seven faded retribution out for the
ODFu4pOm8y8-00021-00008000-00008313 Cuban arcade and I will bring you to the
ODFu4pOm8y8-00022-00008314-00008466 console on jun 2nd it's going to be out
ODFu4pOm8y8-00023-00008467-00008853 on playstation 4 xbox one and pc so dark
ODFu4pOm8y8-00024-00008854-00009202 souls 3 dlc to the ring city is coming
ODFu4pOm8y8-00025-00009203-00009591 out on March 28 2017 for pc xbox one and
ODFu4pOm8y8-00026-00009592-00009888 ps4 it's the final DLC pack for dark
ODFu4pOm8y8-00027-00009889-00010235 souls 3 the conclusion of the that game
ODFu4pOm8y8-00028-00010236-00010494 going to feature new weapons new armors
ODFu4pOm8y8-00029-00010495-00010813 new magic new pvp arenas new bosses new
ODFu4pOm8y8-00030-00010814-00011100 enemies to fight new environment it says
ODFu4pOm8y8-00031-00011101-00011283 longer than the ashes of arendelle dlc
ODFu4pOm8y8-00032-00011284-00011550 is going to be a fantastic spend oxygen
ODFu4pOm8y8-00033-00011551-00011838 series yeah for dark souls 3 it's okay
ODFu4pOm8y8-00034-00011839-00012063 we're asking players to be around level
ODFu4pOm8y8-00035-00012064-00012385 1 2 125 or spades art so most players
ODFu4pOm8y8-00036-00012386-00012660 can play both the base game and the
ODFu4pOm8y8-00037-00012661-00012861 absence of arendelle dlc before they
ODFu4pOm8y8-00038-00012862-00013125 jump into a ring city it's a high level
ODFu4pOm8y8-00039-00013126-00013341 difficulty it's really for the the four
ODFu4pOm8y8-00040-00013343-00013453 players that are looking for a new
ODFu4pOm8y8-00041-00013454-00013563 challenge
ODFu4pOm8y8-00042-00013565-00014513 [Music]
ODFu4pOm8y8-00043-00014513-00014754 hey i'm denny to i'm the director of
ODFu4pOm8y8-00044-00014755-00014952 communications at Stanton Dental
ODFu4pOm8y8-00045-00014953-00015122 entertainment america today we're
ODFu4pOm8y8-00046-00015124-00015381 demoing nino 22 resident kingdoms and a
ODFu4pOm8y8-00047-00015382-00015486 lot of people have already noticed
ODFu4pOm8y8-00048-00015487-00015674 there's a little bit of change in style
ODFu4pOm8y8-00049-00015675-00015996 what people will notice first is in the
ODFu4pOm8y8-00050-00015997-00016203 open world map it takes on a little bit
ODFu4pOm8y8-00051-00016204-00016458 more photorealistic look so you'll
ODFu4pOm8y8-00052-00016459-00016686 actually see blades of grass moving you
ODFu4pOm8y8-00053-00016687-00016869 know trees are blowing in the wind and
ODFu4pOm8y8-00054-00016870-00017067 whatnot and then your main characters
ODFu4pOm8y8-00055-00017068-00017325 that you play its beginning Evan Connie
ODFu4pOm8y8-00056-00017326-00017535 and rollin they actually take on more of
ODFu4pOm8y8-00057-00017536-00017991 a tv-style look within that map now once
ODFu4pOm8y8-00058-00017992-00018243 you get into the actual battles with
ODFu4pOm8y8-00059-00018244-00018495 monsters it actually gained more stack
ODFu4pOm8y8-00060-00018496-00018897 into that studio ghibli anime style that
ODFu4pOm8y8-00061-00018898-00019083 people know and look and at that point
ODFu4pOm8y8-00062-00019084-00019506 you know we've got new new little helper
ODFu4pOm8y8-00063-00019507-00019698 characters called hey goalies not only
ODFu4pOm8y8-00064-00019699-00019881 will these guys help you in battle
ODFu4pOm8y8-00065-00019882-00020115 they'll actually help you get to certain
ODFu4pOm8y8-00066-00020116-00020322 places in maps where you can't perhaps
ODFu4pOm8y8-00067-00020323-00020514 jump to you know that's one of the
ODFu4pOm8y8-00068-00020515-00020613 things that we're showing off in the
ODFu4pOm8y8-00069-00020614-00020880 demo where you know you you meet a new
ODFu4pOm8y8-00070-00020881-00021168 higgledy and his power is controlling
ODFu4pOm8y8-00071-00021169-00021408 winds and he actually creates a little
ODFu4pOm8y8-00072-00021409-00021681 big well not a little big for nado but a
ODFu4pOm8y8-00073-00021682-00021897 little bigger tornado that actually
ODFu4pOm8y8-00074-00021898-00022104 scoops you up to allow you to reach the
ODFu4pOm8y8-00075-00022105-00022289 place that was too high for you to jump
ODFu4pOm8y8-00076-00022290-00022560 prior in the demo these people tease
ODFu4pOm8y8-00077-00022561-00022772 also can be used for their attack
ODFu4pOm8y8-00078-00022773-00023058 strengths and talents as well in that
ODFu4pOm8y8-00079-00023059-00023346 each different group of abilities have
ODFu4pOm8y8-00080-00023347-00023631 their own magic spell or you can have
ODFu4pOm8y8-00081-00023632-00023862 the halo these actually attack enemies
ODFu4pOm8y8-00082-00023863-00024002 in math
ODFu4pOm8y8-00083-00024003-00024197 and in our demo we actually show that
ODFu4pOm8y8-00084-00024198-00024521 when we play against the boss the boss
ODFu4pOm8y8-00085-00024522-00024935 is this big wooly bully character and we
ODFu4pOm8y8-00086-00024936-00025166 tell those people tease attack them all
ODFu4pOm8y8-00087-00025167-00025349 at once they jump on his back get him
ODFu4pOm8y8-00088-00025350-00025600 distracted which allows the main party
ODFu4pOm8y8-00089-00025601-00025862 to go in there and use their melee and
ODFu4pOm8y8-00090-00025863-00026183 magic field to take them down so all of
ODFu4pOm8y8-00091-00026183-00026474 these things combined along with a new
ODFu4pOm8y8-00092-00026475-00026639 battle system where we're actually using
ODFu4pOm8y8-00093-00026639-00026882 a real-time battle system now versus the
ODFu4pOm8y8-00094-00026883-00027110 previous game that was a turn based
ODFu4pOm8y8-00095-00027111-00027380 system really brings more of a dynamic
ODFu4pOm8y8-00096-00027381-00027508 dynamic that might be a little bit
ODFu4pOm8y8-00097-00027510-00027800 faster paced and we hope all the knee no
ODFu4pOm8y8-00098-00027801-00028027 kuni fans and Studio Ghibli anime fans
ODFu4pOm8y8-00099-00028029-00028160 out there will take notice and
ODFu4pOm8y8-00100-00028161-00028385 definitely play the game when the time
ODFu4pOm8y8-00101-00028386-00028604 comes to wanted eight combat is
ODFu4pOm8y8-00102-00028605-00028927 obviously a franchise that's been very
ODFu4pOm8y8-00103-00028929-00029135 long running within by Namco as a
ODFu4pOm8y8-00104-00029136-00029450 company last year is celebrated its 20th
ODFu4pOm8y8-00105-00029451-00029732 anniversary it hard to believe that the
ODFu4pOm8y8-00106-00029733-00029948 franchise has been around that long so
ODFu4pOm8y8-00107-00029949-00030212 with Ace Combat 7 making a big comeback
ODFu4pOm8y8-00108-00030213-00030539 on the current gen system today and our
ODFu4pOm8y8-00109-00030539-00030668 event we're actually showing it on
ODFu4pOm8y8-00110-00030669-00030911 PlayStation VR which is amazing because
ODFu4pOm8y8-00111-00030912-00031085 everybody that played it has had a great
ODFu4pOm8y8-00112-00031086-00031379 time the demo actually has you taking
ODFu4pOm8y8-00113-00031380-00031546 off from an aircraft carrier you know
ODFu4pOm8y8-00114-00031547-00031817 you come up from an elevator and then
ODFu4pOm8y8-00115-00031818-00032012 you know you get steered onto the
ODFu4pOm8y8-00116-00032013-00032371 aircraft carrier runway and you take off
ODFu4pOm8y8-00117-00032372-00032561 and you're in the heat of battle right
ODFu4pOm8y8-00118-00032562-00032777 away some of the things to take notice
ODFu4pOm8y8-00119-00032778-00033014 obviously great graphical fidelity great
ODFu4pOm8y8-00120-00033015-00033323 physics all of the classic gameplay
ODFu4pOm8y8-00121-00033324-00033599 elements that made combat fan love are
ODFu4pOm8y8-00122-00033600-00033995 all in there's a radio chatter the ease
ODFu4pOm8y8-00123-00033996-00034250 of control yet the challenge of the
ODFu4pOm8y8-00124-00034251-00034598 gameplay it's all preserved it's kind of
ODFu4pOm8y8-00125-00034599-00034777 crazy to also kind of bring up that the
ODFu4pOm8y8-00126-00034778-00035060 last numbered chapter of a combat was
ODFu4pOm8y8-00127-00035061-00035267 ten years ago at this point but we do
ODFu4pOm8y8-00128-00035268-00035504 have a whole new generation of players
ODFu4pOm8y8-00129-00035505-00035693 that we're going to try to appeal to and
ODFu4pOm8y8-00130-00035694-00035924 judging from today's reaction just from
ODFu4pOm8y8-00131-00035925-00036107 the VR demo I think it's going to be a
ODFu4pOm8y8-00132-00036108-00036512 big big launch for us
ODFu4pOm8y8-00133-00036513-00037392 [Music]
ODFu4pOm8y8-00134-00037393-00037723 hola everyone Jason here from vanaheim
ODFu4pOm8y8-00135-00037724-00037876 Connor came in and here talking about
ODFu4pOm8y8-00136-00037877-00038098 little nightmares really brand new
ODFu4pOm8y8-00137-00038099-00038401 exciting game from from us brand new
ODFu4pOm8y8-00138-00038402-00038587 franchise we've been building from the
ODFu4pOm8y8-00139-00038588-00038992 come scratch it's based on a character
ODFu4pOm8y8-00140-00038993-00039256 named sticks which is a little girl and
ODFu4pOm8y8-00141-00039257-00039595 she's trapped inside a giant underwater
ODFu4pOm8y8-00142-00039596-00039913 vessel called the mom and she's trying
ODFu4pOm8y8-00143-00039914-00040141 to find her way out she doesn't know why
ODFu4pOm8y8-00144-00040142-00040593 she's here she has to solve a lot of
ODFu4pOm8y8-00145-00040594-00040918 puzzles and and hide and there's lots of
ODFu4pOm8y8-00146-00040919-00041434 really kind of creepy art style and the
ODFu4pOm8y8-00147-00041435-00041815 character design is very eerie but one
ODFu4pOm8y8-00148-00041816-00041998 of the things that you're going to find
ODFu4pOm8y8-00149-00041999-00042328 as you play through the game is that a
ODFu4pOm8y8-00150-00042329-00042649 lot of your childhood fears that you had
ODFu4pOm8y8-00151-00042650-00042901 growing up you're going to meet a lot of
ODFu4pOm8y8-00152-00042902-00043132 those fears in this game and so the game
ODFu4pOm8y8-00153-00043133-00043509 is kind of a intense scary it's dark
ODFu4pOm8y8-00154-00043510-00043864 it's the atmosphere is very moody the
ODFu4pOm8y8-00155-00043865-00044116 sound and the audio all really kind of
ODFu4pOm8y8-00156-00044117-00044509 make you very kind of intense to play
ODFu4pOm8y8-00157-00044510-00044713 the game but we're really really excited
ODFu4pOm8y8-00158-00044714-00044908 we're working with a great development
ODFu4pOm8y8-00159-00044909-00045223 team Carstairs Studios which is based in
ODFu4pOm8y8-00160-00045224-00045490 Sweden if any of you like something a
ODFu4pOm8y8-00161-00045491-00045655 little big planet game they've actually
ODFu4pOm8y8-00162-00045656-00045883 made some of those games in the class so
ODFu4pOm8y8-00163-00045884-00046165 they really are very good at having this
ODFu4pOm8y8-00164-00046166-00046390 kind of small world kind of big
ODFu4pOm8y8-00165-00046391-00046600 environment and there's a lot of
ODFu4pOm8y8-00166-00046601-00046879 inspiration there in this game but we're
ODFu4pOm8y8-00167-00046880-00047071 really excited about this any of you
ODFu4pOm8y8-00168-00047072-00047287 racing fans that did not check out
ODFu4pOm8y8-00169-00047288-00047485 project cars one stop watching this
ODFu4pOm8y8-00170-00047486-00047680 video hopefully project cars one because
ODFu4pOm8y8-00171-00047681-00047851 it's learns incredible racing games and
ODFu4pOm8y8-00172-00047852-00048061 project cars too it's going to take it
ODFu4pOm8y8-00173-00048062-00048307 to a whole nother level we've added the
ODFu4pOm8y8-00174-00048308-00048574 most tracks out of any console racing
ODFu4pOm8y8-00175-00048575-00048763 game that's out there most of them are
ODFu4pOm8y8-00176-00048764-00048957 all real world tracks that we've modeled
ODFu4pOm8y8-00177-00048958-00049300 3d modeling and photogrammetry really
ODFu4pOm8y8-00178-00049301-00049423 really high end
ODFu4pOm8y8-00179-00049424-00049777 ilysm obviously cars are very important
ODFu4pOm8y8-00180-00049778-00049999 and I think if you were a fan of the
ODFu4pOm8y8-00181-00050000-00050230 first game you'll be really excited to
ODFu4pOm8y8-00182-00050231-00050410 know that a lot of the cars that were
ODFu4pOm8y8-00183-00050411-00050626 missing in the first game I think you're
ODFu4pOm8y8-00184-00050627-00050796 going to be excited to hear about what
ODFu4pOm8y8-00185-00050797-00051073 cars we've got plans for this game we'll
ODFu4pOm8y8-00186-00051074-00051226 have more information on that as we get
ODFu4pOm8y8-00187-00051227-00051436 closer to launch but the needless to say
ODFu4pOm8y8-00188-00051437-00051642 we've got a lot of awesome cars in this
ODFu4pOm8y8-00189-00051644-00052263 game also the focus on the most absolute
ODFu4pOm8y8-00190-00052264-00052582 authentic racing experience ever that's
ODFu4pOm8y8-00191-00052583-00052804 really what we really focus on in this
ODFu4pOm8y8-00192-00052804-00053029 game it's what made the first game so
ODFu4pOm8y8-00193-00053029-00053224 great and we're really building even
ODFu4pOm8y8-00194-00053225-00053578 deeper in this next game we obviously we
ODFu4pOm8y8-00195-00053579-00053761 had be our support for the first game
ODFu4pOm8y8-00196-00053762-00053967 but we also have be our support in this
ODFu4pOm8y8-00197-00053969-00054232 game 12k screen if you want to do three
ODFu4pOm8y8-00198-00054233-00054480 4k screens link you can you can also
ODFu4pOm8y8-00199-00054482-00054642 play with a gamepad we've spent a lot of
ODFu4pOm8y8-00200-00054644-00054942 time working on just the gamepad and no
ODFu4pOm8y8-00201-00054944-00055119 that was one of the feedback on the
ODFu4pOm8y8-00202-00055120-00055288 first game so we've really made a focus
ODFu4pOm8y8-00203-00055289-00055530 that you can really enjoy the game with
ODFu4pOm8y8-00204-00055532-00055813 the gamepad this time around we've
ODFu4pOm8y8-00205-00055814-00056019 really focused on the environment and
ODFu4pOm8y8-00206-00056020-00056259 how that affects the track so we have
ODFu4pOm8y8-00207-00056260-00056512 you know everything from all the seasons
ODFu4pOm8y8-00208-00056513-00056965 of the year winter summer rain all these
ODFu4pOm8y8-00209-00056966-00057250 things change how the track is and how
ODFu4pOm8y8-00210-00057251-00057448 you're going to rape against the track
ODFu4pOm8y8-00211-00057449-00057729 we also have a lot more racing types in
ODFu4pOm8y8-00212-00057730-00057874 the team which we'll be talking more
ODFu4pOm8y8-00213-00057875-00058131 about in the future but needless to say
ODFu4pOm8y8-00214-00058132-00058341 project cars 2 is going to be the
ODFu4pOm8y8-00215-00058342-00058585 biggest most mainstream racing game out
ODFu4pOm8y8-00216-00058586-00058879 there coming to playstation 4 xbox one
ODFu4pOm8y8-00217-00058879-00059135 and steam
ODFu4pOm8y8-00218-00059136-00059296 [Music]
ODFu4pOm8y8-00219-00059297-00059971 I Paulo Verano huh the kimball discover
ODFu4pOm8y8-00220-00059972-00060411 another sahaja meter from te mata you
ODFu4pOm8y8-00221-00060412-00060774 okay there it solo colossal Scott me a
ODFu4pOm8y8-00222-00060775-00061161 que termina whole instafamous audience a
ODFu4pOm8y8-00223-00061162-00062166 Castellano breaky go for 675
ODFu4pOm8y8-00224-00062166-00062271 Oh
ODFu4pOm8y8-00225-00062272-00063315 [Music]
OE6wOGQF4kc-00000-00000190-00000373 [Music]
OE6wOGQF4kc-00001-00000374-00000673 support for this program was provided by
OE6wOGQF4kc-00002-00000674-00000965 Appalachian Power a unit of the American
OE6wOGQF4kc-00003-00000966-00001247 Electric Power System serving customers
OE6wOGQF4kc-00004-00001248-00001481 in Southwestern Virginia and West
OE6wOGQF4kc-00005-00001482-00001780 Virginia with energy stewardship and
OE6wOGQF4kc-00006-00001782-00001864 community
OE6wOGQF4kc-00007-00001864-00002092 [Music]
OE6wOGQF4kc-00008-00002093-00002333 additional support was provided by the
OE6wOGQF4kc-00009-00002334-00002483 Bedford County and Franklin County
OE6wOGQF4kc-00010-00002484-00002915 offices of Economic Development
OE6wOGQF4kc-00011-00002916-00003281 and by the members of Blue Ridge PBS
OE6wOGQF4kc-00012-00003282-00003386 thank you
OE6wOGQF4kc-00013-00003386-00003888 [Music]
OE6wOGQF4kc-00014-00003889-00004222 we heard there was going to be a lake
OE6wOGQF4kc-00015-00004223-00004547 and that was the dream
OE6wOGQF4kc-00016-00004548-00004763 the day I'm sitting in that Gorge is
OE6wOGQF4kc-00017-00004764-00004997 amazing thing to me
OE6wOGQF4kc-00018-00004998-00005309 it's an ideal spot for one and it turned
OE6wOGQF4kc-00019-00005310-00005645 into a marvelous Recreation Area
OE6wOGQF4kc-00020-00005646-00005879 seeing that water though was really
OE6wOGQF4kc-00021-00005880-00006004 something
OE6wOGQF4kc-00022-00006005-00006322 back up on your property you know we saw
OE6wOGQF4kc-00023-00006323-00006605 a water trickling back on the land the
OE6wOGQF4kc-00024-00006606-00006833 lake is very natural in its surroundings
OE6wOGQF4kc-00025-00006834-00007187 and it has really healed itself from
OE6wOGQF4kc-00026-00007188-00007396 construction it's as close to a natural
OE6wOGQF4kc-00027-00007397-00007603 lake as you could get
OE6wOGQF4kc-00028-00007604-00007925 it's the most wonderful place to live
OE6wOGQF4kc-00029-00007926-00008201 that you can imagine it's not too hot
OE6wOGQF4kc-00030-00008202-00008489 it's not too cold mosquitoes aren't too
OE6wOGQF4kc-00031-00008490-00008813 bad there's very few things can eat you
OE6wOGQF4kc-00032-00008814-00009095 so it's just a wonderful place to live
OE6wOGQF4kc-00033-00009096-00009227 and raise children
OE6wOGQF4kc-00034-00009228-00009481 I would say that Smith Mountain Lake
OE6wOGQF4kc-00035-00009482-00009814 truly is like the jewel in Southwest
OE6wOGQF4kc-00036-00009815-00010337 Virginia
OE6wOGQF4kc-00037-00010338-00010578 oh
OE6wOGQF4kc-00038-00010579-00010945 [Music]
OE6wOGQF4kc-00039-00010946-00011171 Smith Mountain Lake
OE6wOGQF4kc-00040-00011172-00011542 500 miles of Shoreline 40 miles long
OE6wOGQF4kc-00041-00011543-00011842 with a surface area of over 20 000 Acres
OE6wOGQF4kc-00042-00011843-00012095 located in Bedford Franklin and
OE6wOGQF4kc-00043-00012096-00012359 Pennsylvania counties it is an economic
OE6wOGQF4kc-00044-00012360-00012641 driver for the area many visit for
OE6wOGQF4kc-00045-00012642-00012960 recreation many call it Shores home
OE6wOGQF4kc-00046-00012961-00013193 thousands of years before the lake
OE6wOGQF4kc-00047-00013194-00013516 Native Americans inhabited the area when
OE6wOGQF4kc-00048-00013518-00013733 I was in college at William Mary I
OE6wOGQF4kc-00049-00013734-00013985 corresponded with Carl Miller Carl
OE6wOGQF4kc-00050-00013986-00014315 Miller did the archeology for Smith
OE6wOGQF4kc-00051-00014316-00014633 Mountain Lake and I remember one of the
OE6wOGQF4kc-00052-00014634-00014908 interesting things Carl told me was he
OE6wOGQF4kc-00053-00014909-00015208 was so impressed with the fact that he
OE6wOGQF4kc-00054-00015209-00015527 found so many flutes on the Smith
OE6wOGQF4kc-00055-00015528-00015761 Mountain Lake Properties that the
OE6wOGQF4kc-00056-00015762-00016069 Indians apparently were very Musical
OE6wOGQF4kc-00057-00016069-00016355 the first recorded white settlers came
OE6wOGQF4kc-00058-00016356-00016655 to the area in the 1670s Smith Mountain
OE6wOGQF4kc-00059-00016656-00016883 and ultimately the lake were named for
OE6wOGQF4kc-00060-00016884-00017213 two settlers Daniel and Gideon Smith who
OE6wOGQF4kc-00061-00017214-00017525 arrived on the mountain in 1740. dating
OE6wOGQF4kc-00062-00017526-00017753 back to the pioneers of that Century on
OE6wOGQF4kc-00063-00017754-00017915 the north side of the Blackwater River
OE6wOGQF4kc-00064-00017916-00018155 in Franklin County stand the landmark
OE6wOGQF4kc-00065-00018156-00018521 twin chimneys built in 1795. once part
OE6wOGQF4kc-00066-00018522-00018749 of the Gwen Dudley home they are on the
OE6wOGQF4kc-00067-00018750-00018911 Virginia and National register of
OE6wOGQF4kc-00068-00018912-00019050 historic places
OE6wOGQF4kc-00069-00019051-00019343 as the land was settled it was primarily
OE6wOGQF4kc-00070-00019344-00019600 Agricultural and would remain so for
OE6wOGQF4kc-00071-00019601-00019805 Generations up to the time construction
OE6wOGQF4kc-00072-00019806-00020063 of the lake took place throughout the
OE6wOGQF4kc-00073-00020064-00020267 area tobacco Barns and small family
OE6wOGQF4kc-00074-00020268-00020477 cemeteries stilled up the landscape
OE6wOGQF4kc-00075-00020478-00020975 signs of the area's Rich history
OE6wOGQF4kc-00076-00020976-00021167 this is the Roanoke River
OE6wOGQF4kc-00077-00021168-00021508 running here north to south and when I
OE6wOGQF4kc-00078-00021509-00021772 was a young boy I used to ride pole
OE6wOGQF4kc-00079-00021773-00021994 boats up and down this River and of
OE6wOGQF4kc-00080-00021995-00022253 course we would pack our food and fish a
OE6wOGQF4kc-00081-00022254-00022535 little bit and look for our heads and
OE6wOGQF4kc-00082-00022536-00022883 swim a while there was a mile long
OE6wOGQF4kc-00083-00022884-00023194 bottom where the water is today
OE6wOGQF4kc-00084-00023195-00023441 one Farm affected by the rising water
OE6wOGQF4kc-00085-00023442-00023699 was owned by the Bernard family they
OE6wOGQF4kc-00086-00023700-00023914 raised tobacco and livestock
OE6wOGQF4kc-00087-00023915-00024203 cattle mainly
OE6wOGQF4kc-00088-00024204-00024443 but you know you always have little
OE6wOGQF4kc-00089-00024444-00024719 piggies
OE6wOGQF4kc-00090-00024720-00024958 and things like that but my husband
OE6wOGQF4kc-00091-00024959-00025247 mainly was into Black Angus he liked the
OE6wOGQF4kc-00092-00025248-00025385 cattle
OE6wOGQF4kc-00093-00025386-00025612 they started out it was just all farm
OE6wOGQF4kc-00094-00025613-00025918 country and River bottoms with a river
OE6wOGQF4kc-00095-00025919-00026134 flowing through the mountains you know
OE6wOGQF4kc-00096-00026135-00026345 and they farmed the river bottoms fish
OE6wOGQF4kc-00097-00026345-00026668 the river and but people coming in now
OE6wOGQF4kc-00098-00026669-00026914 probably can't even visualize what it
OE6wOGQF4kc-00099-00026916-00027208 looked like then it was country then now
OE6wOGQF4kc-00100-00027210-00027346 it's not
OE6wOGQF4kc-00101-00027347-00027551 talk of a dam in the Gap at Smith
OE6wOGQF4kc-00102-00027552-00027857 Mountain began as early as 1906. it was
OE6wOGQF4kc-00103-00027858-00028108 officially proposed in 1924 when the
OE6wOGQF4kc-00104-00028110-00028337 Roanoke Stanton River Power Company was
OE6wOGQF4kc-00105-00028338-00028618 formed the possibility of a dam being
OE6wOGQF4kc-00106-00028619-00028840 built affected business in the region
OE6wOGQF4kc-00107-00028841-00029146 including a local Railroad
OE6wOGQF4kc-00108-00029147-00029357 the f p was the Franklin and
OE6wOGQF4kc-00109-00029358-00029573 Pennsylvania Railroad and it meandered
OE6wOGQF4kc-00110-00029574-00029699 down through the countryside here
OE6wOGQF4kc-00111-00029700-00029902 because the land goes up and down like a
OE6wOGQF4kc-00112-00029904-00030112 roller coaster in a lot of places so
OE6wOGQF4kc-00113-00030113-00030281 they had to follow a path where it was
OE6wOGQF4kc-00114-00030282-00030490 more or less a level it started running
OE6wOGQF4kc-00115-00030491-00030895 on the 1st of May 1880 and it ran until
OE6wOGQF4kc-00116-00030895-00031174 1932 in April it went on down through
OE6wOGQF4kc-00117-00031175-00031379 each little town or Village just like
OE6wOGQF4kc-00118-00031380-00031583 Glade Hill here about the time the
OE6wOGQF4kc-00119-00031583-00031831 railroad was coming to an end in
OE6wOGQF4kc-00120-00031832-00032177 1928 a group of men that were trying to
OE6wOGQF4kc-00121-00032177-00032411 get the pitiful Branch to use for
OE6wOGQF4kc-00122-00032412-00032651 hauling Lumber they wrote a letter to
OE6wOGQF4kc-00123-00032652-00032831 the Southern and they said in the letter
OE6wOGQF4kc-00124-00032832-00033071 they understood that those tracks that
OE6wOGQF4kc-00125-00033072-00033179 probably wouldn't be able to lease them
OE6wOGQF4kc-00126-00033180-00033395 for an extended period of time because
OE6wOGQF4kc-00127-00033396-00033659 they were going to be used for hauling
OE6wOGQF4kc-00128-00033660-00033839 materials for the construction of a dam
OE6wOGQF4kc-00129-00033840-00034018 that they were planning on building on
OE6wOGQF4kc-00130-00034019-00034205 the river out on Smith Mountain coming
OE6wOGQF4kc-00131-00034206-00034451 through the Gap as it turned out the
OE6wOGQF4kc-00132-00034452-00034679 branch being extended over to the Gap
OE6wOGQF4kc-00133-00034680-00034840 there in the mountain never did
OE6wOGQF4kc-00134-00034841-00034981 materialize
OE6wOGQF4kc-00135-00034982-00035273 in the 1930s it was concluded the dam
OE6wOGQF4kc-00136-00035274-00035518 wasn't economically feasible but the
OE6wOGQF4kc-00137-00035519-00035737 idea of a dam in the Gap didn't go away
OE6wOGQF4kc-00138-00035738-00035951 prompted by the need for flood control
OE6wOGQF4kc-00139-00035952-00036221 in 1945 the Roanoke River Basin
OE6wOGQF4kc-00140-00036222-00036443 Association was formed to promote the
OE6wOGQF4kc-00141-00036444-00036599 construction of dams in the region
OE6wOGQF4kc-00142-00036600-00036893 including a dam at Smith Mountain
OE6wOGQF4kc-00143-00036894-00037102 Appalachian Power company purchased the
OE6wOGQF4kc-00144-00037103-00037307 land and rights from the Roanoke Stanton
OE6wOGQF4kc-00145-00037308-00037618 River Power Company in 1954 the federal
OE6wOGQF4kc-00146-00037619-00037829 power commission approved appalachian's
OE6wOGQF4kc-00147-00037830-00038057 license in April 1960 for a
OE6wOGQF4kc-00148-00038058-00038285 hydroelectric power facility
OE6wOGQF4kc-00149-00038286-00038495 thank you
OE6wOGQF4kc-00150-00038496-00038699 and the massive construction project
OE6wOGQF4kc-00151-00038700-00038915 that was to change the face of the area
OE6wOGQF4kc-00152-00038916-00039245 got underway
OE6wOGQF4kc-00153-00039246-00039468 the Smith Mountain pump storage project
OE6wOGQF4kc-00154-00039469-00039779 consists of two dams and lakes using
OE6wOGQF4kc-00155-00039780-00039946 pencil and a slide rule the double
OE6wOGQF4kc-00156-00039947-00040168 curvature Arch Dam on the Roanoke River
OE6wOGQF4kc-00157-00040169-00040409 at Smith Mountain was designed by 25
OE6wOGQF4kc-00158-00040410-00040787 year old Dr Jeffrey Fong it is 816 feet
OE6wOGQF4kc-00159-00040788-00041105 wide and 235 feet high with five
OE6wOGQF4kc-00160-00041106-00041299 generating units that on average
OE6wOGQF4kc-00161-00041300-00041890 generate 435 000 megawatt hours per year
OE6wOGQF4kc-00162-00041891-00042095 Down River from Smith Mountain is
OE6wOGQF4kc-00163-00042096-00042365 Leesville Lake and Dam the lake at 17
OE6wOGQF4kc-00164-00042366-00042580 miles in length with 100 miles of
OE6wOGQF4kc-00165-00042581-00042821 Shoreline is much smaller than the Upper
OE6wOGQF4kc-00166-00042822-00043102 Lake the Leesville dam is a concrete
OE6wOGQF4kc-00167-00043103-00043895 gravity Dam with two generating units
OE6wOGQF4kc-00168-00043896-00044171 during Peak demand water flows through
OE6wOGQF4kc-00169-00044172-00044435 Smith Mountain Dam to Leesville Lake to
OE6wOGQF4kc-00170-00044436-00044674 generate electricity when demand is
OE6wOGQF4kc-00171-00044675-00044957 lower the pumps can be reversed and the
OE6wOGQF4kc-00172-00044958-00045149 water returned to Smith Mountain Lake to
OE6wOGQF4kc-00173-00045150-00045346 be used again
OE6wOGQF4kc-00174-00045347-00045595 foreign
OE6wOGQF4kc-00175-00045596-00045905 wasn't even completed the last
OE6wOGQF4kc-00176-00045906-00046102 two miles going into Smith Mountain
OE6wOGQF4kc-00177-00046103-00046396 there was no Road they was clearing the
OE6wOGQF4kc-00178-00046397-00046637 stumps out of the road when I got there
OE6wOGQF4kc-00179-00046638-00047021 and the excavation contractor was
OE6wOGQF4kc-00180-00047022-00047267 already arrived and he was working from
OE6wOGQF4kc-00181-00047268-00047423 the top of the mountain on the Bedford
OE6wOGQF4kc-00182-00047424-00047537 County side
OE6wOGQF4kc-00183-00047538-00047849 I was just off the farm and applied for
OE6wOGQF4kc-00184-00047850-00048052 a job and they put me with the engineers
OE6wOGQF4kc-00185-00048053-00048377 and that just suited me to a t i was
OE6wOGQF4kc-00186-00048378-00048658 fascinated about starting a project like
OE6wOGQF4kc-00187-00048659-00048880 that almost from the get-go the river
OE6wOGQF4kc-00188-00048881-00049157 was still flowing through when I went
OE6wOGQF4kc-00189-00049158-00049439 and just to see it constructed was real
OE6wOGQF4kc-00190-00049440-00049762 interesting initially they had a
OE6wOGQF4kc-00191-00049763-00050171 microwave phone on a pole on the Bedford
OE6wOGQF4kc-00192-00050172-00050296 County side
OE6wOGQF4kc-00193-00050297-00050621 but our little survey Shack on the
OE6wOGQF4kc-00194-00050622-00050849 Pittsylvania County side the only way we
OE6wOGQF4kc-00195-00050850-00051226 can get to the phone was a boat
OE6wOGQF4kc-00196-00051227-00051544 yeah it was uh pretty primitive one of
OE6wOGQF4kc-00197-00051545-00051719 the key components of the Smith Mountain
OE6wOGQF4kc-00198-00051720-00052079 dam is concrete 175
OE6wOGQF4kc-00199-00052079-00052252 000 cubic yards went into its
OE6wOGQF4kc-00200-00052253-00052499 construction to facilitate moving the
OE6wOGQF4kc-00201-00052500-00052757 concrete and other materials a cable
OE6wOGQF4kc-00202-00052758-00052979 over one thousand feet long was put in
OE6wOGQF4kc-00203-00052979-00053065 place
OE6wOGQF4kc-00204-00053066-00053561 325 feet above the riverbed they mixed
OE6wOGQF4kc-00205-00053562-00053819 the concrete up on the hill
OE6wOGQF4kc-00206-00053820-00054023 they didn't bring it in in trucks they
OE6wOGQF4kc-00207-00054024-00054226 made it right there on site way up on
OE6wOGQF4kc-00208-00054227-00054461 the mountain they had a four
OE6wOGQF4kc-00209-00054462-00054803 yard and six yard bucket to drop the
OE6wOGQF4kc-00210-00054804-00055132 concrete from and a track that went from
OE6wOGQF4kc-00211-00055133-00055415 a batch plant to where the cable started
OE6wOGQF4kc-00212-00055416-00055594 and they could pick it up and carry it
OE6wOGQF4kc-00213-00055595-00055882 across to where the pool need to be but
OE6wOGQF4kc-00214-00055883-00056044 the biggest thing I always thought when
OE6wOGQF4kc-00215-00056045-00056375 I first saw them do it it had much six
OE6wOGQF4kc-00216-00056376-00056609 yards was and then people just walked
OE6wOGQF4kc-00217-00056610-00056926 right up on top of it as if it was
OE6wOGQF4kc-00218-00056927-00057329 almost set up because it was so thick I
OE6wOGQF4kc-00219-00057329-00057473 worked in the civil engineering
OE6wOGQF4kc-00220-00057474-00057749 department we had to go out and check
OE6wOGQF4kc-00221-00057750-00058007 forms that the contractor put up to make
OE6wOGQF4kc-00222-00058008-00058271 sure they are perfect and anything
OE6wOGQF4kc-00223-00058272-00058475 that's supposed to be in that form such
OE6wOGQF4kc-00224-00058476-00058853 as pipe anchors steel we have to check
OE6wOGQF4kc-00225-00058854-00059015 all that make sure they in the right
OE6wOGQF4kc-00226-00059016-00059321 location before we could sign it off to
OE6wOGQF4kc-00227-00059322-00059387 be
OE6wOGQF4kc-00228-00059388-00059566 pulling concrete
OE6wOGQF4kc-00229-00059567-00059926 the dam was built up in concrete
OE6wOGQF4kc-00230-00059927-00060238 sections and we would go and Survey
OE6wOGQF4kc-00231-00060239-00060509 everything related to as the dam was
OE6wOGQF4kc-00232-00060510-00060773 coming up you know climbing around on
OE6wOGQF4kc-00233-00060774-00061030 those ladders that you had to get to
OE6wOGQF4kc-00234-00061032-00061254 those pores
OE6wOGQF4kc-00235-00061255-00061642 sometimes a ladder would be
OE6wOGQF4kc-00236-00061644-00061882 almost straight up or worse than
OE6wOGQF4kc-00237-00061883-00062147 straight up and I
OE6wOGQF4kc-00238-00062148-00062459 that was unnerving it was very
OE6wOGQF4kc-00239-00062460-00062776 interesting to have the head of the
OE6wOGQF4kc-00240-00062777-00062987 concrete division
OE6wOGQF4kc-00241-00062988-00063287 come in the office and he would be
OE6wOGQF4kc-00242-00063288-00063485 talking about how many pores they were
OE6wOGQF4kc-00243-00063486-00063754 going to have and mixing it and the
OE6wOGQF4kc-00244-00063755-00064091 whole setup was amazing you know here
OE6wOGQF4kc-00245-00064091-00064391 these men are designing and setting up
OE6wOGQF4kc-00246-00064391-00064480 this
OE6wOGQF4kc-00247-00064482-00064732 pulley system that's on the side of the
OE6wOGQF4kc-00248-00064733-00065104 mountain it was just amazing it was
OE6wOGQF4kc-00249-00065105-00065530 dumped into a real large containers
OE6wOGQF4kc-00250-00065532-00065843 that were swung Up and Down the River to
OE6wOGQF4kc-00251-00065844-00066185 whatever part of the dam was needed and
OE6wOGQF4kc-00252-00066186-00066485 this was a railroad car built on tracks
OE6wOGQF4kc-00253-00066486-00066767 that would allow it to move up and down
OE6wOGQF4kc-00254-00066768-00066994 the river and it was anchored on the far
OE6wOGQF4kc-00255-00066995-00067103 side
OE6wOGQF4kc-00256-00067104-00067397 just into the hillside I must have been
OE6wOGQF4kc-00257-00067398-00067643 really anchored well because that cable
OE6wOGQF4kc-00258-00067644-00067985 would even move bulldozers around when
OE6wOGQF4kc-00259-00067986-00068291 they pick that concrete up
OE6wOGQF4kc-00260-00068292-00068524 that old cable would just
OE6wOGQF4kc-00261-00068525-00068579 [Music]
OE6wOGQF4kc-00262-00068580-00068681 um
OE6wOGQF4kc-00263-00068682-00068926 there's a lot of weight everything that
OE6wOGQF4kc-00264-00068927-00069185 went into the dam had to be set with the
OE6wOGQF4kc-00265-00069186-00069425 cableway some of the Machinery was huge
OE6wOGQF4kc-00266-00069426-00069731 you had the pen stalks which was the big
OE6wOGQF4kc-00267-00069732-00069905 tubes coming out of the dam into the
OE6wOGQF4kc-00268-00069906-00070132 turbines and you had your water wheel
OE6wOGQF4kc-00269-00070133-00070379 you had your scroll case
OE6wOGQF4kc-00270-00070380-00070625 and then you had your generators your
OE6wOGQF4kc-00271-00070626-00070847 Transformers it was amazing to see
OE6wOGQF4kc-00272-00070848-00071044 things that you would do down there
OE6wOGQF4kc-00273-00071045-00071206 could do
OE6wOGQF4kc-00274-00071207-00071447 after a stint in the army former tobacco
OE6wOGQF4kc-00275-00071448-00071693 farmer Abner Jacobs went to work at the
OE6wOGQF4kc-00276-00071694-00072071 lower Dam Leesville in 1961. I
OE6wOGQF4kc-00277-00072072-00072335 transferred to the concrete lab
OE6wOGQF4kc-00278-00072336-00072665 just Smith Mountain Dam it was seven
OE6wOGQF4kc-00279-00072666-00073019 employees worked at concrete lab four on
OE6wOGQF4kc-00280-00073020-00073481 a date shift at three at night and I
OE6wOGQF4kc-00281-00073482-00073835 worked at night I would make up concrete
OE6wOGQF4kc-00282-00073836-00074176 cylinders we will test those cylinders
OE6wOGQF4kc-00283-00074177-00074669 to see if the PSI was okay the concrete
OE6wOGQF4kc-00284-00074670-00074879 was tested for strength in intervals of
OE6wOGQF4kc-00285-00074880-00075437 7 14 and 28 days as well as six months
OE6wOGQF4kc-00286-00075438-00075623 for several of the staff in the
OE6wOGQF4kc-00287-00075624-00075785 Construction office working at the dam
OE6wOGQF4kc-00288-00075786-00076049 was one of their first jobs and for some
OE6wOGQF4kc-00289-00076050-00076421 it put them on a lifelong career path it
OE6wOGQF4kc-00290-00076422-00076691 was amazing how many people in Franklin
OE6wOGQF4kc-00291-00076692-00077003 County got a job and then went on and
OE6wOGQF4kc-00292-00077004-00077255 used it for the rest of their life what
OE6wOGQF4kc-00293-00077256-00077500 they were taught down at the dam site I
OE6wOGQF4kc-00294-00077501-00077849 don't think we knew at the time what the
OE6wOGQF4kc-00295-00077850-00078047 dam really was going to mean to Franklin
OE6wOGQF4kc-00296-00078048-00078335 County and the surrounding areas I don't
OE6wOGQF4kc-00297-00078336-00078700 think nobody had had the vision to see
OE6wOGQF4kc-00298-00078701-00078887 what was going to happen with the
OE6wOGQF4kc-00299-00078888-00079175 results of it and it's marvelous I had
OE6wOGQF4kc-00300-00079176-00079456 worked a little bit in surveying with a
OE6wOGQF4kc-00301-00079457-00079853 local surveyor in Rocky Mount Virginia
OE6wOGQF4kc-00302-00079854-00080165 I knew enough to be dangerous I guess so
OE6wOGQF4kc-00303-00080166-00080485 I was hired in in the survey team
OE6wOGQF4kc-00304-00080486-00080831 surveying different parts of the dam as
OE6wOGQF4kc-00305-00080832-00081167 it was constructed very interesting
OE6wOGQF4kc-00306-00081168-00081491 we kind of work as a group out of the
OE6wOGQF4kc-00307-00081492-00081719 construction office and made a lot of
OE6wOGQF4kc-00308-00081720-00081899 good friends it was just a good job
OE6wOGQF4kc-00309-00081900-00082097 because I was a local kid just starting
OE6wOGQF4kc-00310-00082098-00082367 out and it was a little different than
OE6wOGQF4kc-00311-00082368-00082588 going to work at one of your local
OE6wOGQF4kc-00312-00082589-00082865 factors and what have you JD Butler
OE6wOGQF4kc-00313-00082866-00083129 worked as a time keeper each one of us
OE6wOGQF4kc-00314-00083130-00083291 had so many
OE6wOGQF4kc-00315-00083292-00083591 me and we had to look after each day if
OE6wOGQF4kc-00316-00083592-00083794 they worked 10 hours 12 hours you had to
OE6wOGQF4kc-00317-00083795-00084029 be there with them each time made Moves
OE6wOGQF4kc-00318-00084030-00084173 you had to change the description what
OE6wOGQF4kc-00319-00084174-00084311 they was doing
OE6wOGQF4kc-00320-00084312-00084521 unless they worked in the same place you
OE6wOGQF4kc-00321-00084522-00084694 know all day long and after a while you
OE6wOGQF4kc-00322-00084695-00084923 got to know got to be good friends with
OE6wOGQF4kc-00323-00084924-00085085 all of them and they you know they
OE6wOGQF4kc-00324-00085086-00085211 treated you just like you would want
OE6wOGQF4kc-00325-00085212-00085571 them to tell you to him the ones I had
OE6wOGQF4kc-00326-00085572-00085841 were the general contractor they were
OE6wOGQF4kc-00327-00085842-00086044 the ones who were actually building the
OE6wOGQF4kc-00328-00086045-00086255 dam itself which took care of the
OE6wOGQF4kc-00329-00086256-00086591 building the forms to take care of the
OE6wOGQF4kc-00330-00086592-00086819 concrete when they poured it
OE6wOGQF4kc-00331-00086820-00087167 then I had the electricians which took
OE6wOGQF4kc-00332-00087168-00087437 care of the putting in the conduit and
OE6wOGQF4kc-00333-00087438-00087694 wiring and stuff which went in the
OE6wOGQF4kc-00334-00087695-00087899 concrete when it was poured and
OE6wOGQF4kc-00335-00087900-00088217 transferred down to the office
OE6wOGQF4kc-00336-00088218-00088468 where I worked in the cost accounting
OE6wOGQF4kc-00337-00088469-00088805 office I would compile the manned hours
OE6wOGQF4kc-00338-00088806-00089050 where the time Cape was
OE6wOGQF4kc-00339-00089051-00089303 bring in from out where they was Keeping
OE6wOGQF4kc-00340-00089304-00089476 Up with the time of the people working
OE6wOGQF4kc-00341-00089477-00089779 on the dam I would take that information
OE6wOGQF4kc-00342-00089780-00090173 compile it on a sheet how much money we
OE6wOGQF4kc-00343-00090174-00090335 was going to owe that particular
OE6wOGQF4kc-00344-00090336-00090617 contractor for that given month
OE6wOGQF4kc-00345-00090618-00090988 it was a construction site but the girls
OE6wOGQF4kc-00346-00090989-00091205 that worked there and even the men in
OE6wOGQF4kc-00347-00091206-00091481 the office they dressed up and the girls
OE6wOGQF4kc-00348-00091482-00091703 dressed up with no such thing as blue
OE6wOGQF4kc-00349-00091704-00092026 jeans I was secretary to the resident
OE6wOGQF4kc-00350-00092027-00092359 engineer Earl Snodgrass Appalachian
OE6wOGQF4kc-00351-00092360-00092699 benefited me in so many ways
OE6wOGQF4kc-00352-00092700-00092993 the engineers just taught me so much
OE6wOGQF4kc-00353-00092994-00093299 about their jobs it was to me better
OE6wOGQF4kc-00354-00093300-00093544 than a college education because I had
OE6wOGQF4kc-00355-00093545-00093761 this job and learned from the civil
OE6wOGQF4kc-00356-00093762-00094031 engineers rode in the helicopter with
OE6wOGQF4kc-00357-00094032-00094206 the civil engineer
OE6wOGQF4kc-00358-00094207-00094494 and I would take dictation
OE6wOGQF4kc-00359-00094495-00094853 as he was photographing and looking at
OE6wOGQF4kc-00360-00094854-00095111 the job site where the land was going to
OE6wOGQF4kc-00361-00095112-00095381 be under water I even got to go under
OE6wOGQF4kc-00362-00095382-00095579 Hills Ford bridge when it was finished
OE6wOGQF4kc-00363-00095580-00095788 the helicopter went onto the bridge
OE6wOGQF4kc-00364-00095789-00096059 before it filled up of course so it was
OE6wOGQF4kc-00365-00096060-00096406 just wonderful and here I am I have my
OE6wOGQF4kc-00366-00096407-00096617 own construction company now so it was
OE6wOGQF4kc-00367-00096618-00096875 very very instrumental to me
OE6wOGQF4kc-00368-00096876-00097109 Joyce Kreider worked at the dam as a
OE6wOGQF4kc-00369-00097110-00097349 clerk typist then became the bookkeeper
OE6wOGQF4kc-00370-00097350-00097618 dealing with millions of dollars I was
OE6wOGQF4kc-00371-00097619-00097943 asked to go to be the bookkeeper and it
OE6wOGQF4kc-00372-00097944-00098176 was quite something because I had had
OE6wOGQF4kc-00373-00098177-00098435 bookkeeping type in shorthand in high
OE6wOGQF4kc-00374-00098436-00098656 school but I had to be trained by her
OE6wOGQF4kc-00375-00098657-00098962 and I wrote it all in a shorthand tablet
OE6wOGQF4kc-00376-00098963-00099149 my notes because she was leaving there
OE6wOGQF4kc-00377-00099150-00099365 was nobody there to show me it was
OE6wOGQF4kc-00378-00099366-00099556 interesting because once I entered
OE6wOGQF4kc-00379-00099557-00099749 everything the first month without her
OE6wOGQF4kc-00380-00099750-00099953 you push a button and if it doesn't come
OE6wOGQF4kc-00381-00099954-00100211 up zero but it did
OE6wOGQF4kc-00382-00100212-00100493 but I loved it I loved it
OE6wOGQF4kc-00383-00100494-00100793 Mr Snodgrass was our resident engineer
OE6wOGQF4kc-00384-00100794-00101093 and we loved him and he was so good to
OE6wOGQF4kc-00385-00101094-00101453 us he told us girls you got you got my
OE6wOGQF4kc-00386-00101454-00101567 permission
OE6wOGQF4kc-00387-00101568-00101831 to wear shorts and he said we're going
OE6wOGQF4kc-00388-00101832-00102065 to take you on a boat ride and it was
OE6wOGQF4kc-00389-00102066-00102353 wonderful to be able to see all of that
OE6wOGQF4kc-00390-00102354-00102575 water and and to be on it that's the
OE6wOGQF4kc-00391-00102576-00102766 first time I'd seen all of that since
OE6wOGQF4kc-00392-00102767-00102977 I've been working there and I've been
OE6wOGQF4kc-00393-00102978-00103151 working that five years at that time
OE6wOGQF4kc-00394-00103152-00103421 many of the staff carpooled to get to
OE6wOGQF4kc-00395-00103422-00103739 work at the dam Appalachian had a
OE6wOGQF4kc-00396-00103740-00104032 Fleet of station wagons that picked
OE6wOGQF4kc-00397-00104033-00104332 people up all over Franklin County and
OE6wOGQF4kc-00398-00104333-00104465 drove them
OE6wOGQF4kc-00399-00104466-00104794 in a carpool to work and brought us home
OE6wOGQF4kc-00400-00104795-00105047 in the afternoon it was very nice to
OE6wOGQF4kc-00401-00105048-00105340 have that because keep in mind we were
OE6wOGQF4kc-00402-00105341-00105599 at a construction site and it was Dusty
OE6wOGQF4kc-00403-00105600-00105802 very dirty
OE6wOGQF4kc-00404-00105803-00106121 and when it rained it was muddy and when
OE6wOGQF4kc-00405-00106122-00106373 it rained a lot it was really muddy it
OE6wOGQF4kc-00406-00106374-00106799 took about 45 minutes maybe or 50 from
OE6wOGQF4kc-00407-00106800-00107093 Rocky Mount to get to the dam site
OE6wOGQF4kc-00408-00107094-00107573 so it was that was fun as well riding
OE6wOGQF4kc-00409-00107574-00107783 back and forth with them
OE6wOGQF4kc-00410-00107783-00108040 workers at the dam site had company in
OE6wOGQF4kc-00411-00108041-00108269 the form of local wildlife
OE6wOGQF4kc-00412-00108270-00108478 we had a wild goat there
OE6wOGQF4kc-00413-00108479-00108790 on the mountain and he was quite an
OE6wOGQF4kc-00414-00108791-00109073 attraction for the people but you didn't
OE6wOGQF4kc-00415-00109074-00109289 seem too often until we put a nanny goat
OE6wOGQF4kc-00416-00109290-00109384 up there
OE6wOGQF4kc-00417-00109385-00109643 then we had little goats that Old Goat
OE6wOGQF4kc-00418-00109644-00109931 he was he was quite a character you know
OE6wOGQF4kc-00419-00109932-00110110 when you work in an office I don't care
OE6wOGQF4kc-00420-00110111-00110363 where it is where it was then or now if
OE6wOGQF4kc-00421-00110364-00110536 somebody comes in and says something
OE6wOGQF4kc-00422-00110538-00110807 unused oh you see us outside and
OE6wOGQF4kc-00423-00110808-00110993 everybody gets up and goes out so we
OE6wOGQF4kc-00424-00110994-00111227 would go out to the front door if the
OE6wOGQF4kc-00425-00111228-00111610 goat was out there I saw the goat many
OE6wOGQF4kc-00426-00111611-00111707 times
OE6wOGQF4kc-00427-00111708-00112043 many times he used to come out on up on
OE6wOGQF4kc-00428-00112044-00112223 top of the mountain up on a rock and
OE6wOGQF4kc-00429-00112224-00112373 what have you and just kind of watching
OE6wOGQF4kc-00430-00112374-00112486 the evenings
OE6wOGQF4kc-00431-00112488-00112877 one time the goat started down on the
OE6wOGQF4kc-00432-00112878-00113093 pole where they was pulling concrete
OE6wOGQF4kc-00433-00113094-00113495 which is probably up 150 feet above the
OE6wOGQF4kc-00434-00113496-00113813 riverbed and some of the people got the
OE6wOGQF4kc-00435-00113814-00114089 bright idea that they was going to run
OE6wOGQF4kc-00436-00114090-00114431 that goat off of that down
OE6wOGQF4kc-00437-00114432-00114851 wrong the yolk got mad and came down and
OE6wOGQF4kc-00438-00114852-00115097 ran everybody off
OE6wOGQF4kc-00439-00115098-00115525 because it didn't like to know us
OE6wOGQF4kc-00440-00115526-00115781 simultaneously while both dams were
OE6wOGQF4kc-00441-00115782-00115960 under construction land was being
OE6wOGQF4kc-00442-00115961-00116236 prepared for the reservoirs a key part
OE6wOGQF4kc-00443-00116238-00116428 of that was the three-year Cemetery
OE6wOGQF4kc-00444-00116429-00116621 relocation project
OE6wOGQF4kc-00445-00116622-00116843 Appalachian employs Herbert Taylor and
OE6wOGQF4kc-00446-00116844-00117149 Curtis Roberson scoured the area many
OE6wOGQF4kc-00447-00117150-00117358 times dealing with rough terrain and
OE6wOGQF4kc-00448-00117359-00117623 land choked with Briars Honeysuckle and
OE6wOGQF4kc-00449-00117624-00117910 Periwinkle in the report Roberson filed
OE6wOGQF4kc-00450-00117911-00118090 with Appalachian on the project he
OE6wOGQF4kc-00451-00118091-00118271 writes that many of the graves were on
OE6wOGQF4kc-00452-00118272-00118516 former Family Farms in plots that had
OE6wOGQF4kc-00453-00118517-00118775 long been abandoned and forgotten they
OE6wOGQF4kc-00454-00118776-00118966 had to avoid the snakes and the ticks
OE6wOGQF4kc-00455-00118967-00119165 and the barking dogs and figure out
OE6wOGQF4kc-00456-00119166-00119399 whose property this was and that kind of
OE6wOGQF4kc-00457-00119400-00119633 thing and figure out is there a cemetery
OE6wOGQF4kc-00458-00119633-00119734 here and then they would find
OE6wOGQF4kc-00459-00119735-00119951 fieldstones they would find sunken
OE6wOGQF4kc-00460-00119952-00120089 Graves they would find all these things
OE6wOGQF4kc-00461-00120090-00120299 and then he would go through the process
OE6wOGQF4kc-00462-00120300-00120508 of researching it so we'd go to the
OE6wOGQF4kc-00463-00120509-00120677 Deeds figure out who owned the property
OE6wOGQF4kc-00464-00120678-00120904 at any given time and try to find the
OE6wOGQF4kc-00465-00120905-00121115 families he would interview neighbors
OE6wOGQF4kc-00466-00121116-00121319 who'd been there for a long time
OE6wOGQF4kc-00467-00121320-00121540 trying to figure out okay who lived here
OE6wOGQF4kc-00468-00121541-00121733 last he would then kind of contact
OE6wOGQF4kc-00469-00121733-00121949 people and say okay it seems like your
OE6wOGQF4kc-00470-00121950-00122236 ancestor might be buried here do you
OE6wOGQF4kc-00471-00122238-00122465 want us to move your ancestor
OE6wOGQF4kc-00472-00122466-00122627 they had contacted a lot of the
OE6wOGQF4kc-00473-00122628-00122789 different churches in the area
OE6wOGQF4kc-00474-00122790-00123040 most of the churches were on Higher
OE6wOGQF4kc-00475-00123041-00123263 Ground like Stanton Baptist for example
OE6wOGQF4kc-00476-00123264-00123581 or Patmos Methodist so there's a lot of
OE6wOGQF4kc-00477-00123582-00123790 the people especially those that are
OE6wOGQF4kc-00478-00123791-00124031 unmarked that were relocated to these
OE6wOGQF4kc-00479-00124032-00124277 neighboring churches Bedford County
OE6wOGQF4kc-00480-00124278-00124481 Pennsylvania county Franklin County they
OE6wOGQF4kc-00481-00124482-00124769 moved over 75 cemeteries now sometimes
OE6wOGQF4kc-00482-00124770-00124895 he couldn't figure out who they were so
OE6wOGQF4kc-00483-00124896-00125027 just kind of identified them as
OE6wOGQF4kc-00484-00125028-00125249 unidentified adult unidentified child
OE6wOGQF4kc-00485-00125250-00125471 and they still moved them sometimes they
OE6wOGQF4kc-00486-00125472-00125675 found little teacups sometimes they
OE6wOGQF4kc-00487-00125676-00125878 would find wedding rings and they would
OE6wOGQF4kc-00488-00125879-00126131 bury those and he did everything within
OE6wOGQF4kc-00489-00126132-00126371 his power to relocate every black person
OE6wOGQF4kc-00490-00126372-00126665 every white person former slaves
OE6wOGQF4kc-00491-00126666-00127025 in the end over 1300 Graves were moved
OE6wOGQF4kc-00492-00127026-00127258 including the grave of Charles Carter
OE6wOGQF4kc-00493-00127259-00127565 George Washington's nephew by marriage
OE6wOGQF4kc-00494-00127566-00127804 meticulous records were kept of each
OE6wOGQF4kc-00495-00127805-00128027 grave moved which was part of Joyce
OE6wOGQF4kc-00496-00128028-00128231 kreider's first job at Smith Mountain
OE6wOGQF4kc-00497-00128232-00128333 Dam
OE6wOGQF4kc-00498-00128333-00128681 they were large large long books and the
OE6wOGQF4kc-00499-00128682-00128902 papers would come into the office and
OE6wOGQF4kc-00500-00128903-00129154 then they were of course given to me and
OE6wOGQF4kc-00501-00129155-00129389 I had to write in The Ledger so we
OE6wOGQF4kc-00502-00129390-00129586 called it the land ledgers we had to
OE6wOGQF4kc-00503-00129588-00129833 write in there the date and I had to put
OE6wOGQF4kc-00504-00129833-00129989 the names in there
OE6wOGQF4kc-00505-00129990-00130271 in addition to moving Graves a wide
OE6wOGQF4kc-00506-00130272-00130427 swath was cleared around what would
OE6wOGQF4kc-00507-00130428-00130625 become the shores of Smith Mountain and
OE6wOGQF4kc-00508-00130626-00130919 Leesville Lakes I started out in the
OE6wOGQF4kc-00509-00130920-00131116 engineering department working with the
OE6wOGQF4kc-00510-00131117-00131411 engineering survey guys at one point we
OE6wOGQF4kc-00511-00131412-00131633 went up on the reservoir and took a
OE6wOGQF4kc-00512-00131634-00131873 little camping trailer and had job for
OE6wOGQF4kc-00513-00131874-00132089 the next year was to check the
OE6wOGQF4kc-00514-00132090-00132311 contractor that was doing the clearing
OE6wOGQF4kc-00515-00132312-00132635 around the lake that he was in the right
OE6wOGQF4kc-00516-00132636-00132773 area and
OE6wOGQF4kc-00517-00132774-00133061 clearing the right land around it where
OE6wOGQF4kc-00518-00133062-00133223 the water was coming to and what have
OE6wOGQF4kc-00519-00133224-00133439 you and they cleaned out all the way
OE6wOGQF4kc-00520-00133440-00133673 around this Lake they only cleaned down
OE6wOGQF4kc-00521-00133674-00133919 so far they didn't go to the bombardment
OE6wOGQF4kc-00522-00133920-00134111 until their trees and everything in the
OE6wOGQF4kc-00523-00134112-00134309 bottom of the lake we you know could see
OE6wOGQF4kc-00524-00134310-00134578 all that going on there was a certain
OE6wOGQF4kc-00525-00134579-00134963 clearing level with from the ultimate
OE6wOGQF4kc-00526-00134964-00135371 level of the water down about 28 feet
OE6wOGQF4kc-00527-00135372-00135628 that was totally cleared the trees were
OE6wOGQF4kc-00528-00135629-00135887 topped if they were above that level and
OE6wOGQF4kc-00529-00135888-00136151 other than that those trees are still in
OE6wOGQF4kc-00530-00136152-00136264 there I guess
OE6wOGQF4kc-00531-00136265-00136564 it was done with with bulldozers and in
OE6wOGQF4kc-00532-00136565-00136781 loaders whatever it took to cut the
OE6wOGQF4kc-00533-00136782-00137014 trees and bulldoze it up and that's
OE6wOGQF4kc-00534-00137015-00137147 pretty much what they did all the way
OE6wOGQF4kc-00535-00137148-00137321 around the lake except you know there
OE6wOGQF4kc-00536-00137322-00137609 were some places which is very Steep and
OE6wOGQF4kc-00537-00137610-00137831 Rocky that you couldn't take bulldozers
OE6wOGQF4kc-00538-00137832-00137969 or what have you but the vegetation
OE6wOGQF4kc-00539-00137970-00138287 stuff was cut rounded we were up in the
OE6wOGQF4kc-00540-00138288-00138593 reservoir running the contour line which
OE6wOGQF4kc-00541-00138594-00138881 was to be cleared for the water to come
OE6wOGQF4kc-00542-00138882-00139045 up to the
OE6wOGQF4kc-00543-00139046-00139307 projected level and I fortunately it did
OE6wOGQF4kc-00544-00139308-00139559 it worked out real good I've heard
OE6wOGQF4kc-00545-00139560-00139787 people comment that they were surprised
OE6wOGQF4kc-00546-00139788-00140069 they built docks in the woods before the
OE6wOGQF4kc-00547-00140070-00140302 water came up you know and it came right
OE6wOGQF4kc-00548-00140303-00140585 up to them I can remember growing up it
OE6wOGQF4kc-00549-00140586-00140821 was always a treat on Sunday afternoon
OE6wOGQF4kc-00550-00140822-00141083 to ride down see what they were doing
OE6wOGQF4kc-00551-00141084-00141437 you know you had these hillsides that
OE6wOGQF4kc-00552-00141438-00141664 were scraped down then you had the Hills
OE6wOGQF4kc-00553-00141665-00141989 Ford Bridge which was so tall compared
OE6wOGQF4kc-00554-00141990-00142349 to the bridge prior to that time but it
OE6wOGQF4kc-00555-00142350-00142552 was a sight to see for people like us
OE6wOGQF4kc-00556-00142553-00142859 that had not ever seen anything of this
OE6wOGQF4kc-00557-00142860-00143104 magnitude taking place in our back door
OE6wOGQF4kc-00558-00143105-00143387 here as part of the Smith Mountain Lake
OE6wOGQF4kc-00559-00143388-00143759 Project 22 miles of new roads were built
OE6wOGQF4kc-00560-00143760-00144083 as well as six Bridges including Hardy
OE6wOGQF4kc-00561-00144084-00144413 Road
OE6wOGQF4kc-00562-00144414-00144719 Brooks Mill
OE6wOGQF4kc-00563-00144720-00145193 toller's Ferry
OE6wOGQF4kc-00564-00145194-00145469 and Hales Ford
OE6wOGQF4kc-00565-00145470-00145714 I was very fortunate growing up that my
OE6wOGQF4kc-00566-00145715-00145919 dad worked for Appalachian Power company
OE6wOGQF4kc-00567-00145920-00146171 and he would load us up in the car on
OE6wOGQF4kc-00568-00146172-00146369 Saturdays and he would start driving us
OE6wOGQF4kc-00569-00146370-00146614 around and there was no water in the
OE6wOGQF4kc-00570-00146615-00146771 lake of course at that time and he would
OE6wOGQF4kc-00571-00146772-00147047 say okay now when the lake fills up this
OE6wOGQF4kc-00572-00147048-00147245 house is going to be under the water or
OE6wOGQF4kc-00573-00147246-00147395 this Farm is going to be under the water
OE6wOGQF4kc-00574-00147396-00147689 he would drive us up certain roads and
OE6wOGQF4kc-00575-00147690-00147904 he would say okay you know this is not
OE6wOGQF4kc-00576-00147905-00148127 going to be here once the dam fills up
OE6wOGQF4kc-00577-00148128-00148397 one of the Smith family's trips was
OE6wOGQF4kc-00578-00148398-00148690 captured on film it's my sister my mom
OE6wOGQF4kc-00579-00148691-00148877 and myself and we're sitting under
OE6wOGQF4kc-00580-00148878-00149116 halesford bridge it had just been
OE6wOGQF4kc-00581-00149117-00149435 completed mom sitting on a bale of hay
OE6wOGQF4kc-00582-00149436-00149759 we're having our picnic and it was just
OE6wOGQF4kc-00583-00149760-00149981 a great there was no water no water in
OE6wOGQF4kc-00584-00149982-00150466 the lake at that point in time foreign
OE6wOGQF4kc-00585-00150467-00150869 on September 20th 1963 the gates at
OE6wOGQF4kc-00586-00150870-00151133 Smith Mountain Dam were closed and the
OE6wOGQF4kc-00587-00151134-00151414 water began Rising each time you would
OE6wOGQF4kc-00588-00151415-00151607 visit it was higher and higher and
OE6wOGQF4kc-00589-00151608-00151847 higher and then you begin to see like
OE6wOGQF4kc-00590-00151848-00152087 the old bridge and all that those
OE6wOGQF4kc-00591-00152088-00152321 landmarks disappeared
OE6wOGQF4kc-00592-00152322-00152687 we saw the water flow back on this
OE6wOGQF4kc-00593-00152688-00153083 property just a few days after they
OE6wOGQF4kc-00594-00153084-00153401 closed the dam you know
OE6wOGQF4kc-00595-00153402-00153569 and
OE6wOGQF4kc-00596-00153570-00154043 my husband had tears
OE6wOGQF4kc-00597-00154044-00154564 and it's fun to have many years 50 years
OE6wOGQF4kc-00598-00154565-00154721 it makes you sad
OE6wOGQF4kc-00599-00154722-00155149 [Music]
OE6wOGQF4kc-00600-00155150-00155459 watching the smoke and the debris all
OE6wOGQF4kc-00601-00155460-00155657 over the area was something to see when
OE6wOGQF4kc-00602-00155658-00155878 they were clearing and then watching it
OE6wOGQF4kc-00603-00155879-00156107 light back up and the skimmers were just
OE6wOGQF4kc-00604-00156108-00156323 constantly working for about three years
OE6wOGQF4kc-00605-00156324-00156587 picking up that debris that floated up
OE6wOGQF4kc-00606-00156588-00156887 when we wanted to go swimming we would
OE6wOGQF4kc-00607-00156888-00157073 use that to push the debris out of the
OE6wOGQF4kc-00608-00157074-00157378 way but the water was was wonderful and
OE6wOGQF4kc-00609-00157379-00157643 it was a wonderful thing to see
OE6wOGQF4kc-00610-00157644-00157919 but at the same time it was a sad thing
OE6wOGQF4kc-00611-00157920-00158213 to see covering up our riverbeds and
OE6wOGQF4kc-00612-00158214-00158357 things that we had such a great
OE6wOGQF4kc-00613-00158358-00158519 childhood out
OE6wOGQF4kc-00614-00158520-00158740 we used to swim up by the old four days
OE6wOGQF4kc-00615-00158741-00158993 and halfway up
OE6wOGQF4kc-00616-00158994-00159178 you can swim out there and get in a tree
OE6wOGQF4kc-00617-00159179-00159640 limb sit on a tree limb if you wanted to
OE6wOGQF4kc-00618-00159641-00159899 as the lake was filling up we would sail
OE6wOGQF4kc-00619-00159900-00160216 with the permission to the Bernards
OE6wOGQF4kc-00620-00160217-00160463 right in their cow field
OE6wOGQF4kc-00621-00160464-00160702 and we'd use a state road and it was
OE6wOGQF4kc-00622-00160703-00160864 kind of interesting because week after
OE6wOGQF4kc-00623-00160865-00161147 week we'd bring our trailered sailboats
OE6wOGQF4kc-00624-00161148-00161399 we just use the road
OE6wOGQF4kc-00625-00161400-00161578 and the road slowly
OE6wOGQF4kc-00626-00161579-00161866 surely disappearing as the lake levels
OE6wOGQF4kc-00627-00161867-00162125 Rose and that was our
OE6wOGQF4kc-00628-00162126-00162371 half mile long launching ramp
OE6wOGQF4kc-00629-00162372-00162593 and we got to see the lake actually fill
OE6wOGQF4kc-00630-00162594-00162793 up and one of the neatest things was
OE6wOGQF4kc-00631-00162794-00163073 sailing through the Treetops
OE6wOGQF4kc-00632-00163074-00163247 when the lake was like 50 feet lower
OE6wOGQF4kc-00633-00163248-00163390 than it is now
OE6wOGQF4kc-00634-00163391-00163661 my best friend her family moved from
OE6wOGQF4kc-00635-00163662-00163889 Philpot Lake to Smith Mountain Lake on
OE6wOGQF4kc-00636-00163890-00164135 the very year that it filled up and we
OE6wOGQF4kc-00637-00164136-00164314 would go out there and water ski in
OE6wOGQF4kc-00638-00164315-00164566 between the Treetops whatever else was
OE6wOGQF4kc-00639-00164567-00164747 floating out there in the lake at that
OE6wOGQF4kc-00640-00164748-00164921 point in time but we had a wonderful
OE6wOGQF4kc-00641-00164922-00165113 time and I wouldn't trade those years
OE6wOGQF4kc-00642-00165114-00165325 for anything
OE6wOGQF4kc-00643-00165326-00165678 Smith Mountain Lake reached full pond
OE6wOGQF4kc-00644-00165679-00166121 795 feet above sea level at 503 a.m on
OE6wOGQF4kc-00645-00166122-00166487 March 7 1966.
OE6wOGQF4kc-00646-00166488-00166726 and just as the people were drawn By the
OE6wOGQF4kc-00647-00166727-00166913 Waters of the lake so were the
OE6wOGQF4kc-00648-00166914-00167225 businesses marinas and campsites popped
OE6wOGQF4kc-00649-00167226-00167730 up all around the lake
OE6wOGQF4kc-00650-00167731-00167999 [Music]
OE6wOGQF4kc-00651-00168000-00168293 the first Campground Eagles Roost is
OE6wOGQF4kc-00652-00168294-00168497 still in operation today
OE6wOGQF4kc-00653-00168498-00168725 one of the first marinas on the lake was
OE6wOGQF4kc-00654-00168726-00168976 Smith Mountain dock which is known all
OE6wOGQF4kc-00655-00168977-00169193 across the lake for its fish
OE6wOGQF4kc-00656-00169194-00169457 you know we in the beginning it was a
OE6wOGQF4kc-00657-00169458-00169745 dirt road that came on this property and
OE6wOGQF4kc-00658-00169746-00169978 people would bring their cornbread and
OE6wOGQF4kc-00659-00169979-00170231 their biscuits to feed the fish the fish
OE6wOGQF4kc-00660-00170232-00170452 was here before the wing was ever built
OE6wOGQF4kc-00661-00170453-00170789 they've been here ever since I love the
OE6wOGQF4kc-00662-00170790-00171125 fish and people come and feed alcohol We
OE6wOGQF4kc-00663-00171126-00171401 are family oriented Marina and they come
OE6wOGQF4kc-00664-00171402-00171707 and they have so much fun
OE6wOGQF4kc-00665-00171708-00172114 great mountain in Louisiana he worked at
OE6wOGQF4kc-00666-00172115-00172385 the dam in his life frame was to have a
OE6wOGQF4kc-00667-00172386-00172643 marine on his leg once the lake was
OE6wOGQF4kc-00668-00172644-00172889 flooded in 1966
OE6wOGQF4kc-00669-00172890-00173147 that's the reason that I'm here today
OE6wOGQF4kc-00670-00173148-00173302 because of him
OE6wOGQF4kc-00671-00173303-00173569 we've had people coming here from Russia
OE6wOGQF4kc-00672-00173570-00173909 Australia from England but a lot of
OE6wOGQF4kc-00673-00173910-00174166 people from northern states Southern
OE6wOGQF4kc-00674-00174167-00174454 States and I can tell where they from I
OE6wOGQF4kc-00675-00174455-00174604 put the food they ordered they should
OE6wOGQF4kc-00676-00174605-00174773 put some sauerkraut on my hot dog we're
OE6wOGQF4kc-00677-00174774-00174952 going to see you from Jersey how'd you
OE6wOGQF4kc-00678-00174953-00175235 know another early Marina was Lakeside
OE6wOGQF4kc-00679-00175236-00175602 Marina we had been going to Philpot
OE6wOGQF4kc-00680-00175603-00175925 and my first impression going on this
OE6wOGQF4kc-00681-00175926-00176302 Lake it was huge compared to philpine it
OE6wOGQF4kc-00682-00176303-00176585 just seemed like a large large body of
OE6wOGQF4kc-00683-00176586-00176849 water I started building docks up here
OE6wOGQF4kc-00684-00176850-00177235 in 1965. I put a pile drive on the late
OE6wOGQF4kc-00685-00177236-00177671 1967. I bought this place in 1968 and
OE6wOGQF4kc-00686-00177672-00177904 built it and we opened it in the spring
OE6wOGQF4kc-00687-00177905-00178276 of 69. it was a little space a field and
OE6wOGQF4kc-00688-00178277-00178481 the rest was trees
OE6wOGQF4kc-00689-00178482-00178697 nothing else was here there was nobody
OE6wOGQF4kc-00690-00178698-00178901 on the road coming down here
OE6wOGQF4kc-00691-00178902-00179099 in fact when we first started coming
OE6wOGQF4kc-00692-00179100-00179314 once you turn it off of Route 40 with
OE6wOGQF4kc-00693-00179315-00179519 dirt roads and that's about three miles
OE6wOGQF4kc-00694-00179520-00179825 from here to 40. there was woods and a
OE6wOGQF4kc-00695-00179826-00180004 few Fields I drove down the edge of a
OE6wOGQF4kc-00696-00180005-00180251 field to get in here when I brought the
OE6wOGQF4kc-00697-00180252-00180490 metal in for that building behind me
OE6wOGQF4kc-00698-00180491-00180688 a farmer pulled me in here with his
OE6wOGQF4kc-00699-00180689-00180928 tractor and I had mud up on top of a 66
OE6wOGQF4kc-00700-00180929-00181121 Chevrolet's Hood
OE6wOGQF4kc-00701-00181122-00181373 had the medal on a trailer the
OE6wOGQF4kc-00702-00181374-00181709 Farmers thought we were crazy we paid a
OE6wOGQF4kc-00703-00181710-00181890 thousand dollars per acre for the land
OE6wOGQF4kc-00704-00181891-00182152 and the farmers here thought we were
OE6wOGQF4kc-00705-00182153-00182359 totally out of a mine
OE6wOGQF4kc-00706-00182360-00182704 including a banker
OE6wOGQF4kc-00707-00182705-00182981 but we took the plunge
OE6wOGQF4kc-00708-00182982-00183190 and I bought the land and started
OE6wOGQF4kc-00709-00183191-00183347 building the marina
OE6wOGQF4kc-00710-00183348-00183557 my kids grew up with a life jacket home
OE6wOGQF4kc-00711-00183558-00183863 we lived above the marina when we built
OE6wOGQF4kc-00712-00183864-00184102 the marina and my first son was there
OE6wOGQF4kc-00713-00184103-00184288 and so if he wanted to go outside he
OE6wOGQF4kc-00714-00184289-00184445 would run and get his life jacket a hand
OE6wOGQF4kc-00715-00184446-00184576 to me to put it on before he went
OE6wOGQF4kc-00716-00184577-00184871 outside and he even played in the snow
OE6wOGQF4kc-00717-00184872-00185093 with a life jacket on her he would slide
OE6wOGQF4kc-00718-00185094-00185275 down on it like the flat
OE6wOGQF4kc-00719-00185276-00185585 over the years the Marina has continued
OE6wOGQF4kc-00720-00185586-00185854 to grow from having boats moored with
OE6wOGQF4kc-00721-00185855-00186071 tires in the Cove to what it is today
OE6wOGQF4kc-00722-00186072-00186454 people got bigger boats and we built
OE6wOGQF4kc-00723-00186455-00186688 slips for 14-foot boats and all of a
OE6wOGQF4kc-00724-00186689-00186881 sudden we had 18-foot boats and we built
OE6wOGQF4kc-00725-00186882-00187043 slips for 18-foot boats and all of a
OE6wOGQF4kc-00726-00187044-00187354 sudden had 25 foot boats so you just had
OE6wOGQF4kc-00727-00187355-00187571 to constantly change with the times
OE6wOGQF4kc-00728-00187572-00187823 and rebuild and build again and so forth
OE6wOGQF4kc-00729-00187824-00187943 and that's what makes it hard now
OE6wOGQF4kc-00730-00187944-00188207 because you can't at will just change
OE6wOGQF4kc-00731-00188208-00188411 with with the market
OE6wOGQF4kc-00732-00188412-00188728 it's still a beautiful place it's a good
OE6wOGQF4kc-00733-00188729-00188885 place to raise your family
OE6wOGQF4kc-00734-00188886-00189004 [Music]
OE6wOGQF4kc-00735-00189005-00189245 it was the idea of raising a family on
OE6wOGQF4kc-00736-00189246-00189437 the lake that Drew the Zahn family to
OE6wOGQF4kc-00737-00189438-00189701 Pelican Point originally opened by Mr
OE6wOGQF4kc-00738-00189702-00189935 and Mrs Bill Giles grading for the
OE6wOGQF4kc-00739-00189936-00190121 campground began while the lake was
OE6wOGQF4kc-00740-00190122-00190409 still filling we came here in 1974 I was
OE6wOGQF4kc-00741-00190410-00190631 16 years old we were living in Oak Ridge
OE6wOGQF4kc-00742-00190632-00190775 Tennessee my father was a nuclear
OE6wOGQF4kc-00743-00190776-00191069 physicist and he wanted to get out of
OE6wOGQF4kc-00744-00191070-00191231 that line of work to do something that
OE6wOGQF4kc-00745-00191232-00191381 was more family oriented for us
OE6wOGQF4kc-00746-00191382-00191635 something outdoorsy so my grandfather
OE6wOGQF4kc-00747-00191636-00191999 lived in Lyndhurst New Jersey and he saw
OE6wOGQF4kc-00748-00192000-00192251 Pelican Point advertised in the Wall
OE6wOGQF4kc-00749-00192252-00192383 Street Journal
OE6wOGQF4kc-00750-00192384-00192569 so that's how we found it
OE6wOGQF4kc-00751-00192570-00192731 I was excited about the move because
OE6wOGQF4kc-00752-00192732-00192935 I've always liked change and I lived in
OE6wOGQF4kc-00753-00192936-00193066 a tent the first year that we were here
OE6wOGQF4kc-00754-00193067-00193235 and a two-man tent because there was no
OE6wOGQF4kc-00755-00193236-00193421 place for me to live all these houses
OE6wOGQF4kc-00756-00193422-00193601 that you see everywhere they weren't
OE6wOGQF4kc-00757-00193602-00193811 here you know we had maybe some trailers
OE6wOGQF4kc-00758-00193812-00193985 across the way that kind of thing it was
OE6wOGQF4kc-00759-00193986-00194351 very quiet we sold bait and had our
OE6wOGQF4kc-00760-00194352-00194578 little grocery store up the hill and our
OE6wOGQF4kc-00761-00194579-00194776 campsites range from three dollars I
OE6wOGQF4kc-00762-00194777-00194914 think the most expensive one was maybe
OE6wOGQF4kc-00763-00194915-00195137 five or six dollars so big difference
OE6wOGQF4kc-00764-00195138-00195454 the zon family had a passion for sailing
OE6wOGQF4kc-00765-00195455-00195683 they extended that interest to others in
OE6wOGQF4kc-00766-00195684-00195845 the region with boat shows at the
OE6wOGQF4kc-00767-00195846-00196073 Roanoke Civic Center in the beginning we
OE6wOGQF4kc-00768-00196074-00196271 would go to the Civic Center there and
OE6wOGQF4kc-00769-00196272-00196463 be parked out in the parking lot and
OE6wOGQF4kc-00770-00196464-00196721 we'd prepare for weeks washing boats and
OE6wOGQF4kc-00771-00196722-00196888 waxing but we had to be outside because
OE6wOGQF4kc-00772-00196889-00197009 we couldn't get all the boats all the
OE6wOGQF4kc-00773-00197010-00197219 masts inside
OE6wOGQF4kc-00774-00197220-00197483 it was that love of sailing that changed
OE6wOGQF4kc-00775-00197484-00197735 Pelican Point from a campground to what
OE6wOGQF4kc-00776-00197736-00198047 it is today in 1981 they changed it to
OE6wOGQF4kc-00777-00198048-00198293 Pelican Point Sailing Center then we
OE6wOGQF4kc-00778-00198294-00198485 were just just sailboats no power boats
OE6wOGQF4kc-00779-00198486-00198649 at that time and then as time went along
OE6wOGQF4kc-00780-00198650-00198904 started building the clubhouse you know
OE6wOGQF4kc-00781-00198905-00199037 in the pool all these things came along
OE6wOGQF4kc-00782-00199038-00199325 at different times then in 1985 it was
OE6wOGQF4kc-00783-00199326-00199528 Pelican Point Yacht Club
OE6wOGQF4kc-00784-00199529-00199804 my parents built this and it's
OE6wOGQF4kc-00785-00199805-00199990 I want to get teary but you know people
OE6wOGQF4kc-00786-00199991-00200183 come to me all the time and tell me how
OE6wOGQF4kc-00787-00200184-00200309 wonderful it is and what a beautiful
OE6wOGQF4kc-00788-00200310-00200459 place it is I keep hearing all the time
OE6wOGQF4kc-00789-00200460-00200626 it's the best kept secret on the lake
OE6wOGQF4kc-00790-00200627-00200795 and it is it's a beautiful place and the
OE6wOGQF4kc-00791-00200796-00200969 lake is still still beautiful we need to
OE6wOGQF4kc-00792-00200970-00201083 take care of it
OE6wOGQF4kc-00793-00201084-00201257 you know and make sure that it stays
OE6wOGQF4kc-00794-00201258-00201569 nice and we don't abuse it but um it's
OE6wOGQF4kc-00795-00201570-00201797 my heart I love it here
OE6wOGQF4kc-00796-00201798-00202031 others interested in sailing found the
OE6wOGQF4kc-00797-00202032-00202276 lake early on the Virginia Inland
OE6wOGQF4kc-00798-00202277-00202487 Sailing Association was started by Ray
OE6wOGQF4kc-00799-00202488-00202781 Dietz when he transferred to the area we
OE6wOGQF4kc-00800-00202782-00203093 arrived in Martinsville and I have been
OE6wOGQF4kc-00801-00203094-00203440 sailing since 1949 and we had a 19-foot
OE6wOGQF4kc-00802-00203441-00203716 sailboat and the first thing I did was
OE6wOGQF4kc-00803-00203717-00203890 look for water
OE6wOGQF4kc-00804-00203891-00204209 and there really wasn't much of any and
OE6wOGQF4kc-00805-00204210-00204604 I looked who else around here sails so
OE6wOGQF4kc-00806-00204605-00204719 myself
OE6wOGQF4kc-00807-00204720-00205048 Dr Bondurant and Dr Warren Mormon with
OE6wOGQF4kc-00808-00205050-00205258 the three that started the club we
OE6wOGQF4kc-00809-00205259-00205607 signed our first lease in December of
OE6wOGQF4kc-00810-00205608-00205840 1965.
OE6wOGQF4kc-00811-00205841-00206105 that came by that is
OE6wOGQF4kc-00812-00206106-00206357 and asked my husband
OE6wOGQF4kc-00813-00206358-00206579 if he'd be willing to
OE6wOGQF4kc-00814-00206580-00206908 sell some land or cooperate with the
OE6wOGQF4kc-00815-00206909-00207046 sailboat club
OE6wOGQF4kc-00816-00207048-00207364 my husband said oh yeah we'll just have
OE6wOGQF4kc-00817-00207365-00207653 to keep my cattle in
OE6wOGQF4kc-00818-00207654-00207898 my father had always been interested in
OE6wOGQF4kc-00819-00207900-00208090 sailing and had built a sailboat when he
OE6wOGQF4kc-00820-00208091-00208288 was a teenager and I think when the lake
OE6wOGQF4kc-00821-00208289-00208534 filled up it was like his greatest dream
OE6wOGQF4kc-00822-00208535-00208732 come true because we had wandered around
OE6wOGQF4kc-00823-00208733-00208912 in different little small
OE6wOGQF4kc-00824-00208913-00209140 literally fish ponds trying to sail with
OE6wOGQF4kc-00825-00209141-00209471 little success and so he got into it
OE6wOGQF4kc-00826-00209471-00209729 with this sailing group and we all kind
OE6wOGQF4kc-00827-00209730-00209842 of loved it it's what we did on the
OE6wOGQF4kc-00828-00209844-00210287 weekends in 1969 we had our first
OE6wOGQF4kc-00829-00210288-00210484 sailing Camp since then they've
OE6wOGQF4kc-00830-00210485-00210725 developed a really strong Junior program
OE6wOGQF4kc-00831-00210726-00210989 and they go on into racing with the
OE6wOGQF4kc-00832-00210990-00211175 older people and so forth
OE6wOGQF4kc-00833-00211176-00211492 I'm a second generation my kids which
OE6wOGQF4kc-00834-00211494-00211648 are the third generation have grown up
OE6wOGQF4kc-00835-00211650-00211967 down here when I was a kid we would go
OE6wOGQF4kc-00836-00211967-00212134 sailing at night down here with a
OE6wOGQF4kc-00837-00212135-00212321 flashlight we would camp on an island
OE6wOGQF4kc-00838-00212321-00212581 out here sail a little boat by ourselves
OE6wOGQF4kc-00839-00212582-00212837 my grandchildren have both been to the
OE6wOGQF4kc-00840-00212838-00213005 junior sail camp and now they're in
OE6wOGQF4kc-00841-00213006-00213173 college my son
OE6wOGQF4kc-00842-00213173-00213419 was five or six when we first came down
OE6wOGQF4kc-00843-00213419-00213665 here and sailed with us regularly and my
OE6wOGQF4kc-00844-00213666-00213881 daughter was here from the
OE6wOGQF4kc-00845-00213882-00214384 time she was six weeks old
OE6wOGQF4kc-00846-00214385-00214673 at her first race
OE6wOGQF4kc-00847-00214673-00214921 classed as an educational organization
OE6wOGQF4kc-00848-00214921-00215182 Visa works with colleges and other
OE6wOGQF4kc-00849-00215183-00215434 organizations to provide sailing
OE6wOGQF4kc-00850-00215435-00215663 opportunities one of the other programs
OE6wOGQF4kc-00851-00215664-00215842 we have are the Sea Cadets out of
OE6wOGQF4kc-00852-00215844-00216017 Lynchburg they're sponsored by the
OE6wOGQF4kc-00853-00216017-00216227 United States Navy and these are
OE6wOGQF4kc-00854-00216228-00216460 youngsters that are from the inner city
OE6wOGQF4kc-00855-00216461-00216689 and high school there where they can
OE6wOGQF4kc-00856-00216690-00216898 come and participate not just in sailing
OE6wOGQF4kc-00857-00216900-00217084 but some of the other drills that they
OE6wOGQF4kc-00858-00217085-00217163 do
OE6wOGQF4kc-00859-00217164-00217421 so we're a self-help Club so we do most
OE6wOGQF4kc-00860-00217421-00217667 of the work ourselves and so every
OE6wOGQF4kc-00861-00217667-00217925 single facility that we have was built
OE6wOGQF4kc-00862-00217926-00218146 by our members I was a 12 year old kid
OE6wOGQF4kc-00863-00218148-00218387 you know digging footings with picks and
OE6wOGQF4kc-00864-00218388-00218603 shovels and everybody working together
OE6wOGQF4kc-00865-00218604-00218867 is part of a you know the community of
OE6wOGQF4kc-00866-00218867-00219106 sailors was really a lot of fun we came
OE6wOGQF4kc-00867-00219107-00219389 down here and we trimmed trees we dug
OE6wOGQF4kc-00868-00219390-00219737 holes and we built docks and so it was
OE6wOGQF4kc-00869-00219738-00219989 very very much a thing where we involve
OE6wOGQF4kc-00870-00219990-00220151 working together as much as playing
OE6wOGQF4kc-00871-00220152-00220265 together
OE6wOGQF4kc-00872-00220266-00220510 it's just been a wonderful life and it's
OE6wOGQF4kc-00873-00220511-00220673 been wonderful
OE6wOGQF4kc-00874-00220673-00220991 way to bring up three children and now
OE6wOGQF4kc-00875-00220992-00221182 some grandchildren even though they
OE6wOGQF4kc-00876-00221183-00221375 don't live close by there's three
OE6wOGQF4kc-00877-00221376-00221531 generations
OE6wOGQF4kc-00878-00221532-00221915 a family that has learned to sail here
OE6wOGQF4kc-00879-00221916-00222125 we've been here for 50 years so we have
OE6wOGQF4kc-00880-00222126-00222473 very traditional ideas in our club and
OE6wOGQF4kc-00881-00222473-00222677 one of them was that our gate had to be
OE6wOGQF4kc-00882-00222678-00223079 locked all day all night all the time
OE6wOGQF4kc-00883-00223080-00223265 and someone came and said you know it
OE6wOGQF4kc-00884-00223266-00223529 would just be so much easier if we could
OE6wOGQF4kc-00885-00223530-00223684 leave our gate open
OE6wOGQF4kc-00886-00223685-00224206 and I said what why can't we and most of
OE6wOGQF4kc-00887-00224207-00224363 the people there said well it's in our
OE6wOGQF4kc-00888-00224364-00224698 lease and we lease from Mrs Bernard she
OE6wOGQF4kc-00889-00224700-00224927 is the final Authority so I called her
OE6wOGQF4kc-00890-00224928-00225305 and I said flow please tell me do we
OE6wOGQF4kc-00891-00225306-00225521 need to keep our gate locked at all
OE6wOGQF4kc-00892-00225521-00225832 times she said that's when the cows were
OE6wOGQF4kc-00893-00225833-00226198 there and they came and went freely and
OE6wOGQF4kc-00894-00226200-00226439 we had to be so careful not to let the
OE6wOGQF4kc-00895-00226440-00226642 cows out at that time we had no
OE6wOGQF4kc-00896-00226644-00226948 buildings we had docks only only a few
OE6wOGQF4kc-00897-00226950-00227323 and the cows sure enough were there
OE6wOGQF4kc-00898-00227323-00227632 communities like Monita have experienced
OE6wOGQF4kc-00899-00227633-00227825 a lot of change with the coming of the
OE6wOGQF4kc-00900-00227826-00228106 lake long time resident Calvin Woodford
OE6wOGQF4kc-00901-00228107-00228334 was born on a farm next to where he
OE6wOGQF4kc-00902-00228335-00228605 lives now during his career he ran a
OE6wOGQF4kc-00903-00228606-00228832 poultry operation raising 90 000
OE6wOGQF4kc-00904-00228833-00229198 broilers and 28 000 laying hens he then
OE6wOGQF4kc-00905-00229200-00229481 went on to open an area staple Moneta
OE6wOGQF4kc-00906-00229482-00229727 Farm and Home in the early 70s which is
OE6wOGQF4kc-00907-00229728-00230003 still run by his family today
OE6wOGQF4kc-00908-00230004-00230248 Woodford remembers early newcomers to
OE6wOGQF4kc-00909-00230250-00230458 the lake encountering local tobacco
OE6wOGQF4kc-00910-00230459-00230555 production
OE6wOGQF4kc-00911-00230556-00230860 they would cut it and put it on sticks
OE6wOGQF4kc-00912-00230861-00231155 and put it up in there and it was cured
OE6wOGQF4kc-00913-00231156-00231275 with smoke
OE6wOGQF4kc-00914-00231276-00231491 built a fire
OE6wOGQF4kc-00915-00231492-00231784 there's nothing I smoke this roll After
OE6wOGQF4kc-00916-00231785-00231971 People moved down here they'd drive up
OE6wOGQF4kc-00917-00231971-00232132 the road and see smoke coming out of a
OE6wOGQF4kc-00918-00232133-00232427 building they caught a fire to come
OE6wOGQF4kc-00919-00232428-00232696 so we had to educate them
OE6wOGQF4kc-00920-00232698-00232871 the Moneta fired fire department and
OE6wOGQF4kc-00921-00232871-00233129 Moneta medical were both started by the
OE6wOGQF4kc-00922-00233130-00233375 veritan club
OE6wOGQF4kc-00923-00233376-00233656 60th Mama of the Ruritan Club and I've
OE6wOGQF4kc-00924-00233657-00233867 seen it progress
OE6wOGQF4kc-00925-00233867-00234148 and without the changes I don't probably
OE6wOGQF4kc-00926-00234150-00234406 wouldn't been able to continue the work
OE6wOGQF4kc-00927-00234407-00234767 we do we Master mountain and getting a
OE6wOGQF4kc-00928-00234767-00235031 good bypass around Monita
OE6wOGQF4kc-00929-00235032-00235277 we sat in the back of a pickup for a
OE6wOGQF4kc-00930-00235278-00235577 week counting cars and trains to
OE6wOGQF4kc-00931-00235578-00235901 convince the VDOT that they needed it by
OE6wOGQF4kc-00932-00235902-00236063 then the lake was in and there were
OE6wOGQF4kc-00933-00236064-00236260 traffic jams trains would come through
OE6wOGQF4kc-00934-00236261-00236963 people would be backed up by half mile
OE6wOGQF4kc-00935-00236964-00237281 Farms still along its door the Bernards
OE6wOGQF4kc-00936-00237282-00237491 moved to Bedford and the old family home
OE6wOGQF4kc-00937-00237492-00237682 would eventually become the Bernard's
OE6wOGQF4kc-00938-00237683-00237982 Landing clubhouse however long before
OE6wOGQF4kc-00939-00237983-00238192 developers built condos and the lake was
OE6wOGQF4kc-00940-00238194-00238415 still new the Bernards built a special
OE6wOGQF4kc-00941-00238416-00238589 place to stay
OE6wOGQF4kc-00942-00238590-00238865 we call it the little house my husband
OE6wOGQF4kc-00943-00238866-00239123 built that before the lake ever came in
OE6wOGQF4kc-00944-00239123-00239398 I knew where to build it I don't know
OE6wOGQF4kc-00945-00239400-00239789 but he hit it pretty well mom and dads
OE6wOGQF4kc-00946-00239790-00239956 and some other people drew it out on a
OE6wOGQF4kc-00947-00239957-00240191 paper napkin and he built The Boathouse
OE6wOGQF4kc-00948-00240192-00240425 we purchased
OE6wOGQF4kc-00949-00240426-00240658 the flow in
OE6wOGQF4kc-00950-00240659-00240923 named after our two daughters
OE6wOGQF4kc-00951-00240923-00241282 and then we decided to put a little unit
OE6wOGQF4kc-00952-00241283-00241408 above
OE6wOGQF4kc-00953-00241409-00241589 the bow ties
OE6wOGQF4kc-00954-00241590-00241805 and my sister and I would sleep in the
OE6wOGQF4kc-00955-00241806-00242008 boat underneath and listen to the waves
OE6wOGQF4kc-00956-00242009-00242248 at night so we thought we were cool
OE6wOGQF4kc-00957-00242250-00242446 doing that
OE6wOGQF4kc-00958-00242448-00242651 and it's still with us I can't believe
OE6wOGQF4kc-00959-00242652-00242856 it
OE6wOGQF4kc-00960-00242857-00243106 one of the other many farms in the area
OE6wOGQF4kc-00961-00243107-00243473 affected by the water was the Jones Farm
OE6wOGQF4kc-00962-00243473-00243989 is 248 acres and it Cove you split it
OE6wOGQF4kc-00963-00243990-00244348 split it on it's 40 sand makers Plus on
OE6wOGQF4kc-00964-00244350-00244619 the other side and 78 something plus
OE6wOGQF4kc-00965-00244619-00244925 year they kept the property and they
OE6wOGQF4kc-00966-00244926-00245171 just give the Appalachian right to flood
OE6wOGQF4kc-00967-00245171-00245356 it they kept it laying all the way to
OE6wOGQF4kc-00968-00245357-00245698 the bottom of the lake with the 800 Mark
OE6wOGQF4kc-00969-00245700-00245881 come right to the corner of the
OE6wOGQF4kc-00970-00245882-00246125 foundation there's probably a couple
OE6wOGQF4kc-00971-00246126-00246389 feet from the foundation so when the
OE6wOGQF4kc-00972-00246390-00246617 house moves come in to move the back of
OE6wOGQF4kc-00973-00246617-00246796 the barns then they decided to go and
OE6wOGQF4kc-00974-00246798-00247031 move the house up on top of the hill
OE6wOGQF4kc-00975-00247032-00247306 people come in want to know if they can
OE6wOGQF4kc-00976-00247307-00247546 rent a lot or could they set up a tent
OE6wOGQF4kc-00977-00247548-00247673 or something of them we had some people
OE6wOGQF4kc-00978-00247673-00247967 from Murray first of all and started
OE6wOGQF4kc-00979-00247967-00248177 renting out there in the yard so the
OE6wOGQF4kc-00980-00248178-00248441 house was moved we had lots on both
OE6wOGQF4kc-00981-00248442-00248765 sides had a few over here probably 12 15
OE6wOGQF4kc-00982-00248766-00249119 Lots over here and it was probably 75 to
OE6wOGQF4kc-00983-00249119-00249353 100 on that side of it like where the
OE6wOGQF4kc-00984-00249354-00249713 Cape is now it's kind of you know new to
OE6wOGQF4kc-00985-00249714-00249934 all I was around and then everything was
OE6wOGQF4kc-00986-00249935-00250103 one of the first when the lake started
OE6wOGQF4kc-00987-00250104-00250396 backing up they went to Greensboro and
OE6wOGQF4kc-00988-00250398-00250606 bought a boat a lot of the neighbors
OE6wOGQF4kc-00989-00250607-00250877 around and the kids would come help
OE6wOGQF4kc-00990-00250878-00251279 organic crops to get to go boat ride you
OE6wOGQF4kc-00991-00251280-00251508 know we had some good times with
OE6wOGQF4kc-00992-00251509-00251632 [Music]
OE6wOGQF4kc-00993-00251633-00251831 grew around the lake in the early years
OE6wOGQF4kc-00994-00251832-00252106 but the big building boom began in the
OE6wOGQF4kc-00995-00252107-00252419 80s it was just so different than it is
OE6wOGQF4kc-00996-00252419-00252556 now you know even after the lake
OE6wOGQF4kc-00997-00252557-00252863 completely flooded and people gradually
OE6wOGQF4kc-00998-00252864-00253001 from the Roanoke and Lynchburg
OE6wOGQF4kc-00999-00253002-00253205 Martinsville area began to experience
OE6wOGQF4kc-01000-00253206-00253415 hey this is kind of a neat place to go
OE6wOGQF4kc-01001-00253416-00253619 but it wasn't an easy place to get to
OE6wOGQF4kc-01002-00253619-00253792 our first piece of property was in the
OE6wOGQF4kc-01003-00253794-00253937 gills Creek area we had a little
OE6wOGQF4kc-01004-00253938-00254158 floating dock and we stayed in a pop-up
OE6wOGQF4kc-01005-00254159-00254392 camper that's just the the way life was
OE6wOGQF4kc-01006-00254394-00254567 then you really had to prepare to come
OE6wOGQF4kc-01007-00254567-00254819 to Smith Mountain Lake for a weekend or
OE6wOGQF4kc-01008-00254819-00254987 even a day because there was no
OE6wOGQF4kc-01009-00254988-00255208 infrastructure here we used to drive
OE6wOGQF4kc-01010-00255209-00255389 from Bedford over here we wouldn't meet
OE6wOGQF4kc-01011-00255390-00255658 maybe one vehicle and would be a couple
OE6wOGQF4kc-01012-00255659-00255832 little stores
OE6wOGQF4kc-01013-00255833-00256175 along the way with Bernard's landing and
OE6wOGQF4kc-01014-00256176-00256391 Vista Point arriving on the scene and
OE6wOGQF4kc-01015-00256392-00256534 the waterfront that's where the big
OE6wOGQF4kc-01016-00256535-00256698 changes really started to take effect
OE6wOGQF4kc-01017-00256700-00256967 then things just started to develop and
OE6wOGQF4kc-01018-00256967-00257284 grow and that's where we are today a lot
OE6wOGQF4kc-01019-00257285-00257405 of change
OE6wOGQF4kc-01020-00257406-00257627 when we came there was no Bernards there
OE6wOGQF4kc-01021-00257628-00257891 was the Bernard family home and we
OE6wOGQF4kc-01022-00257892-00258119 watched those condos on the point go up
OE6wOGQF4kc-01023-00258119-00258401 and we were just astonished there's a
OE6wOGQF4kc-01024-00258402-00258544 lot more activities now in the lake
OE6wOGQF4kc-01025-00258546-00258875 there's swimathons and wine festivals
OE6wOGQF4kc-01026-00258876-00259108 and all kinds of Lake centered things
OE6wOGQF4kc-01027-00259109-00259241 that are wonderful
OE6wOGQF4kc-01028-00259242-00259529 the buildup of commercial and homes
OE6wOGQF4kc-01029-00259530-00259792 around it I never envisioned it going
OE6wOGQF4kc-01030-00259794-00260032 that far you know particularly the
OE6wOGQF4kc-01031-00260033-00260375 what's now called West Lake I mean there
OE6wOGQF4kc-01032-00260376-00260639 was actually hardly anything beyond the
OE6wOGQF4kc-01033-00260640-00260951 Booker T Washington Memorial and going
OE6wOGQF4kc-01034-00260952-00261239 to Scrubs and it was really rude
OE6wOGQF4kc-01035-00261240-00261551 a lot of our economy is geared to the
OE6wOGQF4kc-01036-00261552-00261851 lake right now and I tell people that
OE6wOGQF4kc-01037-00261852-00262163 you know magicians can pull a rabbit out
OE6wOGQF4kc-01038-00262164-00262517 of a hat but we did one better Ron
OE6wOGQF4kc-01039-00262518-00262895 Willard built a town out of a cow
OE6wOGQF4kc-01040-00262896-00262997 pasture
OE6wOGQF4kc-01041-00262998-00263182 the first stop lie and then the next
OE6wOGQF4kc-01042-00263183-00263453 stop lie and the Home West Lake
OE6wOGQF4kc-01043-00263454-00263741 Community there was when we were coming
OE6wOGQF4kc-01044-00263742-00263951 down here a filling station on the
OE6wOGQF4kc-01045-00263952-00264227 corner where you turned in an Old Brick
OE6wOGQF4kc-01046-00264228-00264413 Plantation type house on the other
OE6wOGQF4kc-01047-00264414-00264737 corner but now it's lots lots lots more
OE6wOGQF4kc-01048-00264738-00264982 it's a whole community
OE6wOGQF4kc-01049-00264983-00265265 when we first built it was just
OE6wOGQF4kc-01050-00265266-00265565 hardly anything at west lake so it's
OE6wOGQF4kc-01051-00265566-00265745 wonderful what's happened with
OE6wOGQF4kc-01052-00265746-00265949 everything that the lake has brought
OE6wOGQF4kc-01053-00265950-00266171 into Franklin County there's everything
OE6wOGQF4kc-01054-00266172-00266417 you think of banks restaurants you name
OE6wOGQF4kc-01055-00266418-00266501 it
OE6wOGQF4kc-01056-00266502-00266801 I mean everything just boomed we got
OE6wOGQF4kc-01057-00266802-00267113 Food Lion and Kroger and a CVS store and
OE6wOGQF4kc-01058-00267114-00267358 stores I can't imagine would have been
OE6wOGQF4kc-01059-00267359-00267610 here when I was a kid
OE6wOGQF4kc-01060-00267611-00267760 so it's
OE6wOGQF4kc-01061-00267761-00268043 it's grown
OE6wOGQF4kc-01062-00268044-00268295 just as the lake changed the face of the
OE6wOGQF4kc-01063-00268296-00268523 region developer Ron Willard senior
OE6wOGQF4kc-01064-00268524-00268775 changed the area around the lake
OE6wOGQF4kc-01065-00268776-00269099 over 3 000 Acres 35 miles a shoreline
OE6wOGQF4kc-01066-00269100-00269321 putting smiles on a lot of people's
OE6wOGQF4kc-01067-00269322-00269423 faces
OE6wOGQF4kc-01068-00269424-00269656 I've watched people come and retired
OE6wOGQF4kc-01069-00269657-00269825 Smith Mountain Lake I've watched them
OE6wOGQF4kc-01070-00269826-00270029 grow old with their families I've
OE6wOGQF4kc-01071-00270030-00270280 watched their kids come in and take over
OE6wOGQF4kc-01072-00270281-00270521 those properties and put a smile on
OE6wOGQF4kc-01073-00270522-00270653 their faces
OE6wOGQF4kc-01074-00270654-00270982 and it's just such a joyful job I got
OE6wOGQF4kc-01075-00270983-00271343 the things that I'm so proud of is being
OE6wOGQF4kc-01076-00271344-00271606 able to have the wisdom and the strength
OE6wOGQF4kc-01077-00271607-00271708 and the
OE6wOGQF4kc-01078-00271709-00271937 maybe the Finesse to be able to get the
OE6wOGQF4kc-01079-00271938-00272182 banks to agree to allow me the money to
OE6wOGQF4kc-01080-00272183-00272345 move forward
OE6wOGQF4kc-01081-00272346-00272627 so to be able to bring
OE6wOGQF4kc-01082-00272628-00272891 after Smith Mountain Lake to be able to
OE6wOGQF4kc-01083-00272892-00273232 bring the first townhouses to spend
OE6wOGQF4kc-01084-00273233-00273430 about like the first condos of Smith
OE6wOGQF4kc-01085-00273431-00273677 Mountain Lake the first Nantucket
OE6wOGQF4kc-01086-00273678-00273856 villages to Smith Mountain Lake the
OE6wOGQF4kc-01087-00273857-00274043 first Boardwalk to spin Mountain Lake
OE6wOGQF4kc-01088-00274044-00274325 the first Grand Villas to spend Mountain
OE6wOGQF4kc-01089-00274326-00274703 Lake it's just been the pride of my life
OE6wOGQF4kc-01090-00274704-00274949 well I've been very fortunate
OE6wOGQF4kc-01091-00274950-00275056 to
OE6wOGQF4kc-01092-00275057-00275297 be born in Franklin County
OE6wOGQF4kc-01093-00275298-00275656 to be raised on a tobacco farm to be
OE6wOGQF4kc-01094-00275657-00275897 able to watch the lake fill up to ride
OE6wOGQF4kc-01095-00275898-00276160 my bike across a bridge every day when I
OE6wOGQF4kc-01096-00276161-00276377 got home from school until the water got
OE6wOGQF4kc-01097-00276378-00276551 so deep that the bike couldn't go
OE6wOGQF4kc-01098-00276552-00276791 through the water and to sit around and
OE6wOGQF4kc-01099-00276792-00277037 fish with my grandfather and listen to
OE6wOGQF4kc-01100-00277038-00277229 him tell me when the time I was 10 years
OE6wOGQF4kc-01101-00277230-00277379 old that there's going to be a beautiful
OE6wOGQF4kc-01102-00277380-00277619 beautiful body of water here one day
OE6wOGQF4kc-01103-00277620-00277769 when they build this thing called Smith
OE6wOGQF4kc-01104-00277770-00278039 hunt Lake and he would point up above on
OE6wOGQF4kc-01105-00278040-00278219 from the Riverbanks to the big tall
OE6wOGQF4kc-01106-00278220-00278482 sycamores and he would say young man one
OE6wOGQF4kc-01107-00278483-00278621 day there will be water over top of
OE6wOGQF4kc-01108-00278622-00278873 those sycamores if you'll use your head
OE6wOGQF4kc-01109-00278874-00279077 you can take that one and put it to an
OE6wOGQF4kc-01110-00279078-00279451 advantage that was a tip from granddaddy
OE6wOGQF4kc-01111-00279452-00279689 like other parts of the lake a lot of
OE6wOGQF4kc-01112-00279690-00279839 changes have come to the halesford
OE6wOGQF4kc-01113-00279840-00279995 bridge area with the coming of
OE6wOGQF4kc-01114-00279996-00280271 Bridgewater Plaza we purchased the land
OE6wOGQF4kc-01115-00280272-00280649 in 1987 that time this was basically
OE6wOGQF4kc-01116-00280650-00280865 trailers when I purchased the land the
OE6wOGQF4kc-01117-00280866-00281039 Connie put a requirement on that I have
OE6wOGQF4kc-01118-00281040-00281249 the trailers removed which I did and
OE6wOGQF4kc-01119-00281250-00281495 then I hired an architect and and we
OE6wOGQF4kc-01120-00281496-00281645 came up with a plan for what we'd like
OE6wOGQF4kc-01121-00281646-00281860 to put here and we built it the
OE6wOGQF4kc-01122-00281861-00282082 following 10 years after that we have
OE6wOGQF4kc-01123-00282083-00282269 restaurants we have a miniature golf
OE6wOGQF4kc-01124-00282270-00282419 course built out over the water which is
OE6wOGQF4kc-01125-00282420-00282706 unique we have gift store Art Gallery
OE6wOGQF4kc-01126-00282707-00282982 sportswear store a marina with anything
OE6wOGQF4kc-01127-00282983-00283180 you'd want to do for a boat the Chamber
OE6wOGQF4kc-01128-00283181-00283397 of Commerce is here
OE6wOGQF4kc-01129-00283398-00283582 full and part-time people have moved
OE6wOGQF4kc-01130-00283583-00283727 here but it's becoming more and more a
OE6wOGQF4kc-01131-00283728-00283973 full-time Lake all the time I've been to
OE6wOGQF4kc-01132-00283974-00284165 just about every major lake up and down
OE6wOGQF4kc-01133-00284166-00284358 the East Coast east of the Mississippi
OE6wOGQF4kc-01134-00284359-00284656 and this is by far the nicest Lake I've
OE6wOGQF4kc-01135-00284657-00284855 ever been I mean it's clean it's
OE6wOGQF4kc-01136-00284856-00285143 beautiful it's well managed and just a
OE6wOGQF4kc-01137-00285144-00285279 good quality of people live here
OE6wOGQF4kc-01138-00285280-00286013 [Music]
OE6wOGQF4kc-01139-00286014-00286223 flying the Waters of the lake since May
OE6wOGQF4kc-01140-00286224-00286571 1989 is the 19th century replica side
OE6wOGQF4kc-01141-00286572-00286819 wheeler the Virginia Dare
OE6wOGQF4kc-01142-00286820-00287308 [Music]
OE6wOGQF4kc-01143-00287309-00288079 foreign
OE6wOGQF4kc-01144-00288080-00288329 fishermen on the water just about any
OE6wOGQF4kc-01145-00288330-00288617 time of the year in fact the lake was
OE6wOGQF4kc-01146-00288618-00288827 stocked with fish before it reached full
OE6wOGQF4kc-01147-00288828-00289175 pond the big strip was in this Lake and
OE6wOGQF4kc-01148-00289176-00289379 there's some big largemouth I just got
OE6wOGQF4kc-01149-00289380-00289505 to be in the right spot with the right
OE6wOGQF4kc-01150-00289506-00289655 bait to catch them but they are here
OE6wOGQF4kc-01151-00289656-00289775 trust me
OE6wOGQF4kc-01152-00289776-00289960 we put on tournaments throughout the
OE6wOGQF4kc-01153-00289961-00290182 year through our Bass Club who was real
OE6wOGQF4kc-01154-00290183-00290477 drag Bass Anglers just as a get together
OE6wOGQF4kc-01155-00290478-00290747 open to the public it's camaraderie and
OE6wOGQF4kc-01156-00290748-00291053 competition
OE6wOGQF4kc-01157-00291054-00291310 a popular attraction located on the
OE6wOGQF4kc-01158-00291311-00291479 North Shore of the lake in Bedford
OE6wOGQF4kc-01159-00291480-00291745 County is Smith Mountain Lake State Park
OE6wOGQF4kc-01160-00291746-00292067 open year round the park covers over
OE6wOGQF4kc-01161-00292068-00292247 1100 Acres
OE6wOGQF4kc-01162-00292248-00292493 Appalachian Power donated the first
OE6wOGQF4kc-01163-00292494-00292739 Parcels of land after the lake was full
OE6wOGQF4kc-01164-00292740-00293008 and then Commonwealth bought and
OE6wOGQF4kc-01165-00293009-00293230 purchased the rest of the land and
OE6wOGQF4kc-01166-00293231-00293465 through the 70s there was construction
OE6wOGQF4kc-01167-00293466-00293813 for roads and infrastructure and park
OE6wOGQF4kc-01168-00293814-00294191 opened to the public in 1983. you can do
OE6wOGQF4kc-01169-00294192-00294371 a whole host of outdoor recreational
OE6wOGQF4kc-01170-00294372-00294580 activities while you're here there's
OE6wOGQF4kc-01171-00294581-00294905 hiking trails biking trails picnicking
OE6wOGQF4kc-01172-00294906-00295295 we have one of two public swim areas on
OE6wOGQF4kc-01173-00295296-00295493 the lake so through the summertime we're
OE6wOGQF4kc-01174-00295494-00295667 very busy with swimmers and then we have
OE6wOGQF4kc-01175-00295668-00295901 a boat ramp so lots of people launch
OE6wOGQF4kc-01176-00295902-00296105 here and recreate through the through
OE6wOGQF4kc-01177-00296106-00296291 the lake and then we also have a
OE6wOGQF4kc-01178-00296292-00296465 Discovery Center we have lots of
OE6wOGQF4kc-01179-00296466-00296663 interpretive programs through the summer
OE6wOGQF4kc-01180-00296664-00296927 we have a campground and the cabin area
OE6wOGQF4kc-01181-00296928-00297275 and that was constructed in the 90s and
OE6wOGQF4kc-01182-00297276-00297539 it's very very popular activity for
OE6wOGQF4kc-01183-00297540-00297953 people
OE6wOGQF4kc-01184-00297954-00298223 the park is a good place to relax and to
OE6wOGQF4kc-01185-00298224-00298510 observe the wildlife both in person and
OE6wOGQF4kc-01186-00298511-00298655 on camera
OE6wOGQF4kc-01187-00298656-00298949 for the last four years we've had the
OE6wOGQF4kc-01188-00298950-00299177 Osprey camera on a live feed on the web
OE6wOGQF4kc-01189-00299178-00299458 so you could go to a Ustream site and
OE6wOGQF4kc-01190-00299459-00299729 actually see what's going on inside the
OE6wOGQF4kc-01191-00299730-00299908 nest so it's a great opportunity for
OE6wOGQF4kc-01192-00299909-00300293 people to view a nest location that
OE6wOGQF4kc-01193-00300294-00300437 otherwise they wouldn't have an
OE6wOGQF4kc-01194-00300438-00300630 opportunity to see
OE6wOGQF4kc-01195-00300631-00300947 [Music]
OE6wOGQF4kc-01196-00300948-00301180 Park in Franklin County is Smith
OE6wOGQF4kc-01197-00301181-00301391 Mountain Lake Community Park which
OE6wOGQF4kc-01198-00301392-00301708 opened in June 2007 the park offers
OE6wOGQF4kc-01199-00301709-00301925 facilities for a variety of activities
OE6wOGQF4kc-01200-00301926-00302158 including swimming picnicking leisurely
OE6wOGQF4kc-01201-00302159-00302477 strolls and fishing
OE6wOGQF4kc-01202-00302478-00302741 before it was completed Appalachian
OE6wOGQF4kc-01203-00302742-00302999 Power company donated land for what was
OE6wOGQF4kc-01204-00303000-00303197 to become another fixture on the lake
OE6wOGQF4kc-01205-00303198-00303527 the W.E Skelton 4-H educational
OE6wOGQF4kc-01206-00303528-00303701 conference center
OE6wOGQF4kc-01207-00303702-00303929 the center was officially dedicated in
OE6wOGQF4kc-01208-00303930-00304260 1965 and has grown tremendously since
OE6wOGQF4kc-01209-00304261-00304505 adapting to the needs of its visitors
OE6wOGQF4kc-01210-00304506-00304727 with state-of-the-art educational and
OE6wOGQF4kc-01211-00304728-00304937 recreational facilities
OE6wOGQF4kc-01212-00304938-00305195 with the ability to house and feed over
OE6wOGQF4kc-01213-00305196-00305506 400 Campers at one time the 4-H Center
OE6wOGQF4kc-01214-00305507-00305734 provides programs to youth from around
OE6wOGQF4kc-01215-00305735-00305939 the region and Beyond
OE6wOGQF4kc-01216-00305940-00306179 in addition the center is used by
OE6wOGQF4kc-01217-00306180-00306401 students from Virginia Tech the business
OE6wOGQF4kc-01218-00306402-00306587 community and more
OE6wOGQF4kc-01219-00306588-00306875 I was a 4-H of myself in school and I
OE6wOGQF4kc-01220-00306876-00307108 learned a lot there so when the 4-H came
OE6wOGQF4kc-01221-00307109-00307282 here the company I worked for at that
OE6wOGQF4kc-01222-00307283-00307475 time built the first building
OE6wOGQF4kc-01223-00307476-00307877 and to have this much land on the Waters
OE6wOGQF4kc-01224-00307878-00308008 of Smith Mountain Lake and the kids
OE6wOGQF4kc-01225-00308009-00308243 coming in from all over being able to
OE6wOGQF4kc-01226-00308244-00308410 vote
OE6wOGQF4kc-01227-00308411-00308710 kayak fish swim do all those things in
OE6wOGQF4kc-01228-00308711-00309029 the lake these kids never see so I enjoy
OE6wOGQF4kc-01229-00309030-00309221 that part of the summer going over and
OE6wOGQF4kc-01230-00309222-00309437 visiting with the campers
OE6wOGQF4kc-01231-00309438-00309682 so I want to make sure that 4-H
OE6wOGQF4kc-01232-00309683-00310013 continues in in this region because it's
OE6wOGQF4kc-01233-00310014-00310469 such a common sense Builder
OE6wOGQF4kc-01234-00310470-00310745 also home to a national park the Booker
OE6wOGQF4kc-01235-00310746-00310993 T Washington National Monument opened in
OE6wOGQF4kc-01236-00310994-00311327 1956. it offers a look back to the early
OE6wOGQF4kc-01237-00311328-00311591 life in Franklin County this Plantation
OE6wOGQF4kc-01238-00311592-00311891 was 207 Acres which was about average
OE6wOGQF4kc-01239-00311892-00312304 size for a Piedmont Virginia tobacco
OE6wOGQF4kc-01240-00312305-00312545 Plantation tobacco was the cash crop
OE6wOGQF4kc-01241-00312546-00312719 everything else was grown for
OE6wOGQF4kc-01242-00312720-00312917 subsistence to be used here on the farm
OE6wOGQF4kc-01243-00312918-00313132 or to be Bartered and traded with
OE6wOGQF4kc-01244-00313133-00313397 neighbors this is the place where Booker
OE6wOGQF4kc-01245-00313398-00313565 T Washington was born
OE6wOGQF4kc-01246-00313566-00313858 Born Into Slavery he lived here as an
OE6wOGQF4kc-01247-00313859-00314056 enslaved boy for the first nine years of
OE6wOGQF4kc-01248-00314057-00314339 his life he endured the Civil War and
OE6wOGQF4kc-01249-00314340-00314537 then this is the place where he was
OE6wOGQF4kc-01250-00314538-00314801 freed he became the premier black
OE6wOGQF4kc-01251-00314802-00315071 educator in America in the late 1800s
OE6wOGQF4kc-01252-00315072-00315341 and early 1900s there's lots to see and
OE6wOGQF4kc-01253-00315342-00315551 do visitors come here they see the
OE6wOGQF4kc-01254-00315552-00315808 orientation film they can experience an
OE6wOGQF4kc-01255-00315809-00316001 interactive exhibit then they can go
OE6wOGQF4kc-01256-00316002-00316217 outside and see the reconstructed Farm
OE6wOGQF4kc-01257-00316218-00316553 area with live animals Heirloom Gardens
OE6wOGQF4kc-01258-00316554-00316793 demonstration crops reconstructed
OE6wOGQF4kc-01259-00316794-00316997 buildings to really get a sensory
OE6wOGQF4kc-01260-00316998-00317195 experience of what life would have been
OE6wOGQF4kc-01261-00317196-00317417 like for Booker T Washington and other
OE6wOGQF4kc-01262-00317418-00317821 people living on this Farm in the 1800s
OE6wOGQF4kc-01263-00317822-00318113 the lake has brought Recreation business
OE6wOGQF4kc-01264-00318114-00318365 and homes to the area it has also been
OE6wOGQF4kc-01265-00318366-00318532 the Genesis of a variety of
OE6wOGQF4kc-01266-00318533-00318773 organizations promoting everything from
OE6wOGQF4kc-01267-00318774-00319006 safety to Regional cooperation to the
OE6wOGQF4kc-01268-00319007-00319151 lake itself
OE6wOGQF4kc-01269-00319152-00319408 Mountain Lake Marine Fire Rescue was
OE6wOGQF4kc-01270-00319409-00319649 founded in 1975.
OE6wOGQF4kc-01271-00319650-00320093 we were formed to protect the lives land
OE6wOGQF4kc-01272-00320094-00320369 and property on Smith Mountain Lake as
OE6wOGQF4kc-01273-00320370-00320584 well as the guests that come to the lake
OE6wOGQF4kc-01274-00320585-00320813 we are completely volunteer one of the
OE6wOGQF4kc-01275-00320814-00321130 largest all volunteer Marine Fire Rescue
OE6wOGQF4kc-01276-00321131-00321377 companies in the nation land see all the
OE6wOGQF4kc-01277-00321378-00321610 land around us we're responsible for
OE6wOGQF4kc-01278-00321611-00321893 everything a thousand feet from the 795
OE6wOGQF4kc-01279-00321894-00322175 USGS as first call along with our
OE6wOGQF4kc-01280-00322176-00322397 partners we have mutual Aid agreements
OE6wOGQF4kc-01281-00322398-00322603 with 13 agencies that are on the land
OE6wOGQF4kc-01282-00322604-00322865 and so anything that happens on the
OE6wOGQF4kc-01283-00322866-00323056 water that involves saving a life or
OE6wOGQF4kc-01284-00323057-00323389 protecting property fires EMS
OE6wOGQF4kc-01285-00323390-00323837 respond to various calls anything from a
OE6wOGQF4kc-01286-00323838-00324191 boat accident to people in trouble house
OE6wOGQF4kc-01287-00324192-00324580 fires brush fires You Name It We respond
OE6wOGQF4kc-01288-00324581-00324845 to all of them we have seven fire boats
OE6wOGQF4kc-01289-00324846-00325108 five of which are ISO rated that helps
OE6wOGQF4kc-01290-00325109-00325301 the community save money on homeowners
OE6wOGQF4kc-01291-00325302-00325499 insurance as well as the marinas and
OE6wOGQF4kc-01292-00325500-00325613 Commercial establishments that are
OE6wOGQF4kc-01293-00325614-00325925 located on water we have a great group
OE6wOGQF4kc-01294-00325926-00326158 we're always looking to add to that
OE6wOGQF4kc-01295-00326159-00326501 group and we enjoy what we do
OE6wOGQF4kc-01296-00326502-00326758 formed in 1986 as
OE6wOGQF4kc-01297-00326759-00327023 ostering Regional cooperation is the
OE6wOGQF4kc-01298-00327024-00327173 Tri-County Lakes administrative
OE6wOGQF4kc-01299-00327174-00327473 commission two lacks a grouping of four
OE6wOGQF4kc-01300-00327474-00327719 counties that come together on the lake
OE6wOGQF4kc-01301-00327720-00328025 it's Pittsylvania County Franklin County
OE6wOGQF4kc-01302-00328026-00328258 Bedford County and Campbell County the
OE6wOGQF4kc-01303-00328259-00328415 Board of Supervisors at each of those
OE6wOGQF4kc-01304-00328416-00328745 counties has designated tilak to try to
OE6wOGQF4kc-01305-00328746-00329015 handle issues that are related to the
OE6wOGQF4kc-01306-00329016-00329219 lake one organization can do it much
OE6wOGQF4kc-01307-00329220-00329363 better than four individual
OE6wOGQF4kc-01308-00329364-00329484 organizations
OE6wOGQF4kc-01309-00329485-00329741 tlac has worked on a wide range of
OE6wOGQF4kc-01310-00329742-00329956 projects since its Inception including
OE6wOGQF4kc-01311-00329957-00330119 prevention of invasive aquatic
OE6wOGQF4kc-01312-00330120-00330371 vegetation navigational AIDS around the
OE6wOGQF4kc-01313-00330372-00330641 lake water quality monitoring and much
OE6wOGQF4kc-01314-00330642-00330904 more it's such an environmentally
OE6wOGQF4kc-01315-00330905-00331169 friendly area and we're looking at last
OE6wOGQF4kc-01316-00331170-00331445 year's results of testing and the lake
OE6wOGQF4kc-01317-00331446-00331643 is in phenomenally in good condition
OE6wOGQF4kc-01318-00331644-00331901 which is an anomaly for a lake that's 50
OE6wOGQF4kc-01319-00331902-00332213 years old almost the counties all I
OE6wOGQF4kc-01320-00332214-00332465 think recognize Smith Mountain Lake is a
OE6wOGQF4kc-01321-00332466-00332717 big tourist attraction it is a big
OE6wOGQF4kc-01322-00332718-00332939 economic mcdrawal and it's something
OE6wOGQF4kc-01323-00332940-00333263 that all of our people love so they they
OE6wOGQF4kc-01324-00333264-00333556 want us to help preserve that make sure
OE6wOGQF4kc-01325-00333557-00333797 it goes forward in the future and we
OE6wOGQF4kc-01326-00333798-00333982 think it'll continue to grow and be a
OE6wOGQF4kc-01327-00333983-00334241 place people want to come live live out
OE6wOGQF4kc-01328-00334242-00334529 their retirement years and just come to
OE6wOGQF4kc-01329-00334530-00334780 visit another organization that works to
OE6wOGQF4kc-01330-00334781-00334979 ensure the future of the area is the
OE6wOGQF4kc-01331-00334980-00335153 Smith Mountain Lake Regional Chamber of
OE6wOGQF4kc-01332-00335154-00335423 Commerce the chamber started actually is
OE6wOGQF4kc-01333-00335424-00335543 the Smith Mountain Lake Business
OE6wOGQF4kc-01334-00335544-00335765 Partnership is what it was called and
OE6wOGQF4kc-01335-00335766-00336106 that was in 1986 and we had pretty much
OE6wOGQF4kc-01336-00336107-00336323 the entire business community that took
OE6wOGQF4kc-01337-00336324-00336539 part in it immediate it was a success
OE6wOGQF4kc-01338-00336540-00336713 from the very first day
OE6wOGQF4kc-01339-00336714-00337037 the chamber has nearly 700 members and
OE6wOGQF4kc-01340-00337038-00337282 is dedicated to promoting tourism and
OE6wOGQF4kc-01341-00337283-00337517 growing business on the lake I know for
OE6wOGQF4kc-01342-00337518-00337679 myself I wouldn't be here if it wasn't
OE6wOGQF4kc-01343-00337680-00337871 for the lake so many people that you
OE6wOGQF4kc-01344-00337872-00338075 speak to would never have found this
OE6wOGQF4kc-01345-00338076-00338273 area if it wasn't for the lake we have
OE6wOGQF4kc-01346-00338274-00338537 the moderate climate the mountains 500
OE6wOGQF4kc-01347-00338538-00338717 Miles the shoreline all of these things
OE6wOGQF4kc-01348-00338718-00339013 combined probably gives us the greatest
OE6wOGQF4kc-01349-00339014-00339256 quality of life that anybody could even
OE6wOGQF4kc-01350-00339257-00339604 imagine I've been here for 30 years we
OE6wOGQF4kc-01351-00339605-00339803 had a choice of choosing anywhere in the
OE6wOGQF4kc-01352-00339804-00340019 world that we wanted to go and so we
OE6wOGQF4kc-01353-00340020-00340289 researched and we were looking for an
OE6wOGQF4kc-01354-00340290-00340499 area with a great climate that would
OE6wOGQF4kc-01355-00340500-00340817 give us great education must be a lake
OE6wOGQF4kc-01356-00340818-00341147 must be near mountains with Four Seasons
OE6wOGQF4kc-01357-00341148-00341545 we found Paradise
OE6wOGQF4kc-01358-00341546-00341879 constructed at a cost of 66 million
OE6wOGQF4kc-01359-00341880-00342101 dollars the Smith Mountain Lake pump
OE6wOGQF4kc-01360-00342102-00342365 storage project is so much more than
OE6wOGQF4kc-01361-00342366-00342593 just a facility to generate electricity
OE6wOGQF4kc-01362-00342594-00342887 it generates jobs providing a livelihood
OE6wOGQF4kc-01363-00342888-00343145 for many in the region it has generated
OE6wOGQF4kc-01364-00343146-00343487 more than 50 years of Golden Memories a
OE6wOGQF4kc-01365-00343488-00343937 Farm's long gone of sailing camping and
OE6wOGQF4kc-01366-00343938-00345334 bringing in people that now call it home
OE6wOGQF4kc-01367-00345335-00345847 right here
OE6wOGQF4kc-01368-00345848-00346644 [Music]
OE6wOGQF4kc-01370-00349718-00350414 thank you
OE6wOGQF4kc-01371-00350415-00350569 [Music]
OE6wOGQF4kc-01372-00350570-00350875 support for this program was provided by
OE6wOGQF4kc-01373-00350876-00351167 Appalachian Power a unit of the American
OE6wOGQF4kc-01374-00351168-00351454 Electric Power System serving customers
OE6wOGQF4kc-01375-00351455-00351695 in Southwestern Virginia and West
OE6wOGQF4kc-01376-00351696-00351989 Virginia with energy stewardship and
OE6wOGQF4kc-01377-00351990-00352210 community
OE6wOGQF4kc-01378-00352211-00352297 foreign
OE6wOGQF4kc-01379-00352298-00352577 support was provided by the Bedford
OE6wOGQF4kc-01380-00352578-00352780 County and Franklin County offices of
OE6wOGQF4kc-01381-00352781-00353147 Economic Development
OE6wOGQF4kc-01382-00353148-00353489 and by the members of Blue Ridge PBS
OE6wOGQF4kc-01383-00353490-00353761 thank you
OEm7ajlqJ2o-00000-00000034-00000557 [Music]
OEm7ajlqJ2o-00001-00000558-00000992 foreign
OEm7ajlqJ2o-00003-00004888-00005515 [Music]
OEm7ajlqJ2o-00004-00005516-00006143 [Music]
OEm7ajlqJ2o-00005-00006144-00008291 [Music]
OEm7ajlqJ2o-00006-00008292-00008318 foreign
OEm7ajlqJ2o-00007-00008319-00011163 [Music]
OEm7ajlqJ2o-00008-00011164-00011790 [Music]
OEm7ajlqJ2o-00009-00011791-00012415 [Music]
OEm7ajlqJ2o-00010-00012416-00015380 [Music]
OGXMGEZuLAc-00000-00000104-00000318 massachusetts listen officially the
OGXMGEZuLAc-00001-00000319-00000511 commonwealth of massachusetts is the
OGXMGEZuLAc-00002-00000512-00000686 most populous state in the new england
OGXMGEZuLAc-00003-00000687-00000966 region of the northeastern united states
OGXMGEZuLAc-00004-00000967-00001166 it is bordered by the atlantic ocean to
OGXMGEZuLAc-00005-00001167-00001350 the east the states of connecticut and
OGXMGEZuLAc-00006-00001351-00001550 rhode island to the south new hampshire
OGXMGEZuLAc-00007-00001551-00001718 and vermont to the north and new york to
OGXMGEZuLAc-00008-00001719-00001839 the west
OGXMGEZuLAc-00009-00001839-00001967 the state is named after the
OGXMGEZuLAc-00010-00001968-00002183 massachusetts tribe which once inhabited
OGXMGEZuLAc-00011-00002184-00002367 the east side of the area and is one of
OGXMGEZuLAc-00012-00002368-00002599 the original 13 states
OGXMGEZuLAc-00013-00002600-00002831 the capital of massachusetts is boston
OGXMGEZuLAc-00014-00002832-00003039 which is also the most populous city in
OGXMGEZuLAc-00015-00003040-00003166 new england
OGXMGEZuLAc-00016-00003167-00003463 over 80 of massachusetts's population
OGXMGEZuLAc-00017-00003464-00003679 lives in the greater boston metropolitan
OGXMGEZuLAc-00018-00003679-00003919 area a region influential upon american
OGXMGEZuLAc-00019-00003920-00004199 history academia and industry
OGXMGEZuLAc-00020-00004200-00004415 originally dependent on agriculture
OGXMGEZuLAc-00021-00004416-00004615 fishing and trade massachusetts was
OGXMGEZuLAc-00022-00004616-00004831 transformed into a manufacturing center
OGXMGEZuLAc-00023-00004832-00005054 during the industrial revolution
OGXMGEZuLAc-00024-00005055-00005302 during the 20th century massachusetts
OGXMGEZuLAc-00025-00005303-00005502 economy shifted from manufacturing to
OGXMGEZuLAc-00026-00005503-00005638 services
OGXMGEZuLAc-00027-00005639-00005854 modern massachusetts is a global leader
OGXMGEZuLAc-00028-00005855-00006102 in biotechnology engineering higher
OGXMGEZuLAc-00029-00006103-00006351 education finance and maritime trade
OGXMGEZuLAc-00030-00006352-00006510 plymouth was the site of the first
OGXMGEZuLAc-00031-00006511-00006791 colony in new england founded in 1620 by
OGXMGEZuLAc-00032-00006792-00007070 the pilgrims passengers of the mayflower
OGXMGEZuLAc-00033-00007072-00007327 in 1692 the town of salem and
OGXMGEZuLAc-00034-00007328-00007527 surrounding areas experienced one of
OGXMGEZuLAc-00035-00007528-00007742 america's most infamous cases of mass
OGXMGEZuLAc-00036-00007743-00008023 hysteria the salem witch trials
OGXMGEZuLAc-00037-00008023-00008359 in 1777 general henry knox founded the
OGXMGEZuLAc-00038-00008360-00008535 springfield armory which during the
OGXMGEZuLAc-00039-00008536-00008774 industrial revolution catalyzed numerous
OGXMGEZuLAc-00040-00008775-00008967 important technological advances
OGXMGEZuLAc-00041-00008968-00009206 including interchangeable parts
OGXMGEZuLAc-00042-00009207-00009510 in 1786 shay's rebellion a populist
OGXMGEZuLAc-00043-00009511-00009727 revolt led by disaffected american
OGXMGEZuLAc-00044-00009728-00009942 revolutionary war veterans influenced
OGXMGEZuLAc-00045-00009943-00010127 the united states constitutional
OGXMGEZuLAc-00046-00010128-00010255 convention
OGXMGEZuLAc-00047-00010256-00010495 in the 18th century the protestant first
OGXMGEZuLAc-00048-00010496-00010687 great awakening which swept the atlantic
OGXMGEZuLAc-00049-00010688-00010871 world originated from the pulpit of
OGXMGEZuLAc-00050-00010872-00011151 northampton preacher jonathan edwards
OGXMGEZuLAc-00051-00011152-00011391 in the late 18th century boston became
OGXMGEZuLAc-00052-00011392-00011670 known as the cradle of liberty for the
OGXMGEZuLAc-00053-00011671-00011878 agitation there that led to the american
OGXMGEZuLAc-00054-00011879-00012038 revolution
OGXMGEZuLAc-00055-00012039-00012255 the entire commonwealth of massachusetts
OGXMGEZuLAc-00056-00012256-00012431 has played a powerful commercial and
OGXMGEZuLAc-00057-00012432-00012599 cultural role in the history of the
OGXMGEZuLAc-00058-00012600-00012759 united states
OGXMGEZuLAc-00059-00012760-00012943 before the american civil war
OGXMGEZuLAc-00060-00012944-00013111 massachusetts was a center for the
OGXMGEZuLAc-00061-00013112-00013263 abolitionist temperance and
OGXMGEZuLAc-00062-00013263-00013471 transcendentalist movements
OGXMGEZuLAc-00063-00013472-00013703 in the late 19th century the sports of
OGXMGEZuLAc-00064-00013704-00013911 basketball and volleyball were invented
OGXMGEZuLAc-00065-00013912-00014103 in the western massachusetts cities of
OGXMGEZuLAc-00066-00014104-00014383 springfield and holyoke respectively
OGXMGEZuLAc-00067-00014384-00014663 in 2004 massachusetts became the first
OGXMGEZuLAc-00068-00014663-00014894 u.s state to legally recognize same-sex
OGXMGEZuLAc-00069-00014895-00015079 marriage as a result of the decision in
OGXMGEZuLAc-00070-00015080-00015222 goodrich v
OGXMGEZuLAc-00071-00015223-00015391 department of public health by the
OGXMGEZuLAc-00072-00015391-00015638 massachusetts supreme judicial court
OGXMGEZuLAc-00073-00015640-00015830 many prominent american political
OGXMGEZuLAc-00074-00015831-00016015 dynasties have hailed from the state
OGXMGEZuLAc-00075-00016016-00016294 including the adams and kennedy families
OGXMGEZuLAc-00076-00016295-00016503 harvard university in cambridge is the
OGXMGEZuLAc-00077-00016504-00016703 oldest institution of higher learning in
OGXMGEZuLAc-00078-00016704-00016886 the united states with the largest
OGXMGEZuLAc-00079-00016887-00017103 financial endowment of any university
OGXMGEZuLAc-00080-00017104-00017311 and harvard law school has educated a
OGXMGEZuLAc-00081-00017312-00017527 contemporaneous majority of justices of
OGXMGEZuLAc-00082-00017528-00017799 the supreme court of the united states
OGXMGEZuLAc-00083-00017800-00017991 kendall square in cambridge has been
OGXMGEZuLAc-00084-00017992-00018239 called the most innovative square mile
OGXMGEZuLAc-00085-00018240-00018375 on the planet
OGXMGEZuLAc-00086-00018376-00018567 in reference to the high concentration
OGXMGEZuLAc-00087-00018568-00018783 of entrepreneurial start-ups and quality
OGXMGEZuLAc-00088-00018784-00018958 of innovation which have emerged in the
OGXMGEZuLAc-00089-00018959-00019239 vicinity of the square since 2010
OGXMGEZuLAc-00090-00019240-00019414 both harvard university and the
OGXMGEZuLAc-00091-00019415-00019647 massachusetts institute of technology
OGXMGEZuLAc-00092-00019648-00019839 also in cambridge have been ranked among
OGXMGEZuLAc-00093-00019840-00020022 the most highly regarded academic
OGXMGEZuLAc-00094-00020023-00020222 institutions in the world
OGXMGEZuLAc-00095-00020223-00020430 massachusetts public school students
OGXMGEZuLAc-00096-00020431-00020630 place among the top nations in the world
OGXMGEZuLAc-00097-00020631-00020830 in academic performance and the state
OGXMGEZuLAc-00098-00020831-00021022 has been ranked as one of the top states
OGXMGEZuLAc-00099-00021023-00021199 in the nation for citizens to live as
OGXMGEZuLAc-00100-00021200-00021863 well as one of the most expensive
OGXMGEZuLAc-00101-00021864-00022303 etymology
OGXMGEZuLAc-00102-00022304-00022519 the massachusetts bay colony was named
OGXMGEZuLAc-00103-00022520-00022711 after the indigenous population the
OGXMGEZuLAc-00104-00022712-00022894 massachusett likely derived from a
OGXMGEZuLAc-00105-00022895-00023222 wapanac word muswash 8sut segmented as
OGXMGEZuLAc-00106-00023223-00023655 muse i big plus wak8 mountain
OGXMGEZuLAc-00107-00023656-00023975 plus s diminutive plus
OGXMGEZuLAc-00108-00023976-00024230 locative the eight in these words refers
OGXMGEZuLAc-00109-00024231-00024375 to the oo sound according to the
OGXMGEZuLAc-00110-00024376-00024607 wapanock orthographic chart
OGXMGEZuLAc-00111-00024608-00024863 it has been translated as near the great
OGXMGEZuLAc-00112-00024864-00024967 hill
OGXMGEZuLAc-00113-00024968-00025158 by the blue hills
OGXMGEZuLAc-00114-00025159-00025358 at the little big hill
OGXMGEZuLAc-00115-00025359-00025622 or at the range of hills
OGXMGEZuLAc-00116-00025623-00025799 referring to the blue hills or in
OGXMGEZuLAc-00117-00025800-00025990 particular the great blue hill which is
OGXMGEZuLAc-00118-00025991-00026174 located on the boundary of milton and
OGXMGEZuLAc-00119-00026175-00026287 canton
OGXMGEZuLAc-00120-00026288-00026495 alternatively massachusett has been
OGXMGEZuLAc-00121-00026495-00026751 represented as mosswetucid from the name
OGXMGEZuLAc-00122-00026752-00026943 of the moswatuset hummuck meaning
OGXMGEZuLAc-00123-00026944-00027167 hill-shaped like an arrowhead
OGXMGEZuLAc-00124-00027168-00027351 in quincy where plymouth colony
OGXMGEZuLAc-00125-00027352-00027567 commander miles standish hired english
OGXMGEZuLAc-00126-00027568-00027807 military officer and squanto part of the
OGXMGEZuLAc-00127-00027808-00027990 now-disappeared patuxet band of the
OGXMGEZuLAc-00128-00027991-00028231 wampanoag peoples met chief chikitobit
OGXMGEZuLAc-00129-00028232-00028502 in 1621 the official name of the state
OGXMGEZuLAc-00130-00028504-00028814 is the commonwealth of massachusetts
OGXMGEZuLAc-00131-00028816-00028999 while this designation is part of the
OGXMGEZuLAc-00132-00029000-00029167 state's official name it has no
OGXMGEZuLAc-00133-00029168-00029367 practical implications
OGXMGEZuLAc-00134-00029368-00029583 massachusetts has the same position and
OGXMGEZuLAc-00135-00029583-00029783 powers within the united states as other
OGXMGEZuLAc-00136-00029783-00029902 states
OGXMGEZuLAc-00137-00029904-00030102 it may have been chosen by john adams
OGXMGEZuLAc-00138-00030103-00030214 for the second draft of the
OGXMGEZuLAc-00139-00030216-00030414 massachusetts constitution because
OGXMGEZuLAc-00140-00030416-00030646 unlike the word state
OGXMGEZuLAc-00141-00030647-00030862 commonwealth at the time had the
OGXMGEZuLAc-00142-00030863-00031102 connotation of a republic in contrast to
OGXMGEZuLAc-00143-00031103-00031279 the monarchy the former american
OGXMGEZuLAc-00144-00031280-00031495 colonies were fighting against
OGXMGEZuLAc-00145-00031495-00031783 the state of massachusetts bay
OGXMGEZuLAc-00146-00031783-00031943 was in the first draft that had been
OGXMGEZuLAc-00147-00031944-00032558 rejected by the legislature
OGXMGEZuLAc-00148-00032560-00033055 history
OGXMGEZuLAc-00149-00033056-00033511 pre-colonization
OGXMGEZuLAc-00150-00033512-00033727 massachusetts was originally inhabited
OGXMGEZuLAc-00151-00033728-00033935 by tribes of the algonquian language
OGXMGEZuLAc-00152-00033936-00034102 family such as the wampanoag
OGXMGEZuLAc-00153-00034103-00034399 narragansett nipmuck pocatuk mohekan and
OGXMGEZuLAc-00154-00034400-00034543 massachusett
OGXMGEZuLAc-00155-00034544-00034774 while cultivation of crops like squash
OGXMGEZuLAc-00156-00034775-00034983 and corn supplemented their diets these
OGXMGEZuLAc-00157-00034984-00035151 tribes were generally dependent on
OGXMGEZuLAc-00158-00035152-00035351 hunting gathering and fishing for most
OGXMGEZuLAc-00159-00035352-00035479 of their food
OGXMGEZuLAc-00160-00035480-00035687 villages consisted of lodges called
OGXMGEZuLAc-00161-00035688-00035927 wigwams as well as longhouses and tribes
OGXMGEZuLAc-00162-00035928-00036135 were led by male or female elders known
OGXMGEZuLAc-00163-00036136-00036590 as sachems
OGXMGEZuLAc-00164-00036591-00037046 colonial period
OGXMGEZuLAc-00165-00037047-00037318 in the early 1600s after contact had
OGXMGEZuLAc-00166-00037319-00037527 been made with europeans large numbers
OGXMGEZuLAc-00167-00037528-00037671 of the indigenous peoples in the
OGXMGEZuLAc-00168-00037672-00037839 northeast of what is now the united
OGXMGEZuLAc-00169-00037840-00038015 states were killed by virgin soil
OGXMGEZuLAc-00170-00038016-00038262 epidemics such as smallpox measles
OGXMGEZuLAc-00171-00038263-00038583 influenza and perhaps leptospirosis
OGXMGEZuLAc-00172-00038584-00038974 between 1617 and 1619 smallpox killed
OGXMGEZuLAc-00173-00038975-00039223 approximately 90 of the massachusetts
OGXMGEZuLAc-00174-00039224-00039446 bay native americans the first english
OGXMGEZuLAc-00175-00039447-00039671 settlers in massachusetts the pilgrims
OGXMGEZuLAc-00176-00039672-00039862 arrived via the mayflower at plymouth in
OGXMGEZuLAc-00177-00039863-00040118 1620 and developed friendly relations
OGXMGEZuLAc-00178-00040119-00040359 with the native wampanoag people
OGXMGEZuLAc-00179-00040360-00040567 this was the second successful permanent
OGXMGEZuLAc-00180-00040568-00040743 english colony in the part of north
OGXMGEZuLAc-00181-00040744-00040943 america that later became the united
OGXMGEZuLAc-00182-00040944-00041223 states after the jamestown colony
OGXMGEZuLAc-00183-00041224-00041399 the event known as the first
OGXMGEZuLAc-00184-00041400-00041630 thanksgiving was celebrated by the
OGXMGEZuLAc-00185-00041631-00041815 pilgrims after their first harvest in
OGXMGEZuLAc-00186-00041816-00041990 the new world which lasted for three
OGXMGEZuLAc-00187-00041991-00042102 days
OGXMGEZuLAc-00188-00042103-00042302 the pilgrims were soon followed by other
OGXMGEZuLAc-00189-00042303-00042455 puritans who established the
OGXMGEZuLAc-00190-00042456-00042679 massachusetts bay colony at present-day
OGXMGEZuLAc-00191-00042680-00042927 boston in 1630. the puritans who
OGXMGEZuLAc-00192-00042928-00043102 believed the church of england needed to
OGXMGEZuLAc-00193-00043103-00043318 be purified and experienced harassment
OGXMGEZuLAc-00194-00043319-00043487 from english authority because of their
OGXMGEZuLAc-00195-00043488-00043679 beliefs came to massachusetts with the
OGXMGEZuLAc-00196-00043680-00043895 goal of establishing an ideal religious
OGXMGEZuLAc-00197-00043896-00044023 society
OGXMGEZuLAc-00198-00044024-00044207 unlike the plymouth colony the bay
OGXMGEZuLAc-00199-00044208-00044415 colony was founded under a royal charter
OGXMGEZuLAc-00200-00044416-00044615 in 1629
OGXMGEZuLAc-00201-00044616-00044846 both religious descent and expansionism
OGXMGEZuLAc-00202-00044847-00045062 resulted in several new colonies being
OGXMGEZuLAc-00203-00045063-00045230 founded shortly after plymouth and
OGXMGEZuLAc-00204-00045231-00045407 massachusetts bay elsewhere in new
OGXMGEZuLAc-00205-00045408-00045518 england
OGXMGEZuLAc-00206-00045519-00045695 the massachusetts bay banished
OGXMGEZuLAc-00207-00045696-00045879 dissenters such as anne hutchinson and
OGXMGEZuLAc-00208-00045880-00046062 roger williams due to religious and
OGXMGEZuLAc-00209-00046063-00046271 political disagreements
OGXMGEZuLAc-00210-00046272-00046567 in 1636 williams founded the colony of
OGXMGEZuLAc-00211-00046568-00046743 rhode island and hutchinson joined him
OGXMGEZuLAc-00212-00046744-00046935 there several years later
OGXMGEZuLAc-00213-00046936-00047158 religious intolerance continued among
OGXMGEZuLAc-00214-00047159-00047351 those who objected to this later in the
OGXMGEZuLAc-00215-00047352-00047511 century were the english quaker
OGXMGEZuLAc-00216-00047512-00047711 preachers alice and thomas kirwan who
OGXMGEZuLAc-00217-00047712-00047911 were publicly flogged and imprisoned in
OGXMGEZuLAc-00218-00047912-00048207 boston in 1676.
OGXMGEZuLAc-00219-00048208-00048535 in 1641 massachusetts expanded inland
OGXMGEZuLAc-00220-00048536-00048743 significantly acquiring the connecticut
OGXMGEZuLAc-00221-00048744-00048943 river valley settlement of springfield
OGXMGEZuLAc-00222-00048944-00049118 which had recently disputed with and
OGXMGEZuLAc-00223-00049119-00049255 defected from its original
OGXMGEZuLAc-00224-00049256-00049527 administrators the connecticut colony
OGXMGEZuLAc-00225-00049528-00049711 this established massachusetts's
OGXMGEZuLAc-00226-00049712-00049871 southern border in the west though
OGXMGEZuLAc-00227-00049872-00050095 surveying problems resulted in disputed
OGXMGEZuLAc-00228-00050096-00050527 territory until 1803 204 in 1691 the
OGXMGEZuLAc-00229-00050528-00050711 colonies of massachusetts bay and
OGXMGEZuLAc-00230-00050712-00050879 plymouth were united along with
OGXMGEZuLAc-00231-00050880-00051071 present-day maine which had previously
OGXMGEZuLAc-00232-00051072-00051270 been divided between massachusetts and
OGXMGEZuLAc-00233-00051271-00051407 new york into the province of
OGXMGEZuLAc-00234-00051408-00051599 massachusetts bay
OGXMGEZuLAc-00235-00051600-00051775 shortly after the arrival of the new
OGXMGEZuLAc-00236-00051776-00052007 province's first governor william phipps
OGXMGEZuLAc-00237-00052008-00052214 the salem witch trials took place where
OGXMGEZuLAc-00238-00052215-00052382 a number of men and women were hanged
OGXMGEZuLAc-00239-00052383-00052550 for alleged witchcraft the most
OGXMGEZuLAc-00240-00052551-00052742 destructive earthquake yet known in new
OGXMGEZuLAc-00241-00052744-00053007 england occurred in 1755 causing
OGXMGEZuLAc-00242-00053008-00053630 considerable damage across massachusetts
OGXMGEZuLAc-00243-00053632-00054103 the revolutionary war
OGXMGEZuLAc-00244-00054104-00054279 massachusetts was a center of the
OGXMGEZuLAc-00245-00054279-00054450 movement for independence from great
OGXMGEZuLAc-00246-00054451-00054671 britain.colonists in massachusetts had
OGXMGEZuLAc-00247-00054672-00054854 long uneasy relations with the british
OGXMGEZuLAc-00248-00054855-00055071 monarchy including open rebellion under
OGXMGEZuLAc-00249-00055072-00055382 the dominion of new england in the 1680s
OGXMGEZuLAc-00250-00055383-00055615 protests against british attempts to tax
OGXMGEZuLAc-00251-00055616-00055807 the colonies after the french and indian
OGXMGEZuLAc-00252-00055808-00056119 war ended in 1763 led to the boston
OGXMGEZuLAc-00253-00056120-00056519 massacre in 1770 and the 1773 boston tea
OGXMGEZuLAc-00254-00056520-00056750 party escalated tensions
OGXMGEZuLAc-00255-00056751-00057071 in 1774 the intolerable acts targeted
OGXMGEZuLAc-00256-00057072-00057254 massachusetts with punishments for the
OGXMGEZuLAc-00257-00057255-00057463 boston tea party and further decreased
OGXMGEZuLAc-00258-00057464-00057779 local autonomy increasing local descent
OGXMGEZuLAc-00259-00057779-00058007 anti-parliamentary activity by men such
OGXMGEZuLAc-00260-00058008-00058215 as samuel adams and john hancock
OGXMGEZuLAc-00261-00058216-00058399 followed by reprisals by the british
OGXMGEZuLAc-00262-00058400-00058591 government were a primary reason for the
OGXMGEZuLAc-00263-00058591-00058791 unity of the thirteen colonies and the
OGXMGEZuLAc-00264-00058791-00059019 outbreak of the american revolution in
OGXMGEZuLAc-00265-00059020-00059271 1775 the battles of lexington and
OGXMGEZuLAc-00266-00059272-00059447 concord initiated the american
OGXMGEZuLAc-00267-00059448-00059630 revolutionary war and were fought in the
OGXMGEZuLAc-00268-00059632-00059879 eponymous massachusetts towns
OGXMGEZuLAc-00269-00059879-00060087 future president george washington took
OGXMGEZuLAc-00270-00060088-00060254 over what would become the continental
OGXMGEZuLAc-00271-00060255-00060535 army after the battle his first victory
OGXMGEZuLAc-00272-00060536-00060726 was the siege of boston in the winter of
OGXMGEZuLAc-00273-00060727-00060966 1775-76
OGXMGEZuLAc-00274-00060967-00061126 after which the british were forced to
OGXMGEZuLAc-00275-00061127-00061303 evacuate the city
OGXMGEZuLAc-00276-00061304-00061519 the event is still celebrated in suffolk
OGXMGEZuLAc-00277-00061520-00061799 county as evacuation day on the coast
OGXMGEZuLAc-00278-00061800-00062038 salem became a center for privateering
OGXMGEZuLAc-00279-00062039-00062254 although the documentation is incomplete
OGXMGEZuLAc-00280-00062255-00062566 about 1 700 letters of mark issued on a
OGXMGEZuLAc-00281-00062567-00062766 per voyage basis were granted during the
OGXMGEZuLAc-00282-00062767-00062950 american revolution
OGXMGEZuLAc-00283-00062951-00063166 nearly 800 vessels were commissioned as
OGXMGEZuLAc-00284-00063167-00063335 privateers and are credited with
OGXMGEZuLAc-00285-00063336-00063550 capturing or destroying about 600
OGXMGEZuLAc-00286-00063551-00064103 british ships
OGXMGEZuLAc-00287-00064104-00064535 federal period
OGXMGEZuLAc-00288-00064536-00064830 bostonian john adams known as the atlas
OGXMGEZuLAc-00289-00064832-00065103 of independence was an important figure
OGXMGEZuLAc-00290-00065104-00065287 in both the struggle for independence as
OGXMGEZuLAc-00291-00065288-00065487 well as the formation of the new united
OGXMGEZuLAc-00292-00065488-00065599 states
OGXMGEZuLAc-00293-00065600-00065799 adams was highly involved in the push
OGXMGEZuLAc-00294-00065800-00065967 for separation from britain and the
OGXMGEZuLAc-00295-00065968-00066119 writing of the constitution of
OGXMGEZuLAc-00296-00066120-00066367 massachusetts in 1780 which in the
OGXMGEZuLAc-00297-00066368-00066615 elizabeth freeman and quack walker cases
OGXMGEZuLAc-00298-00066616-00066831 effectively made massachusetts the first
OGXMGEZuLAc-00299-00066832-00066999 state to have a constitution that
OGXMGEZuLAc-00300-00067000-00067182 declared universal rights and as
OGXMGEZuLAc-00301-00067183-00067391 interpreted by supreme judicial court
OGXMGEZuLAc-00302-00067392-00067599 chief justice william cushing abolished
OGXMGEZuLAc-00303-00067600-00067735 slavery
OGXMGEZuLAc-00304-00067736-00067911 david mccullough points out that an
OGXMGEZuLAc-00305-00067912-00068071 equally important feature was its
OGXMGEZuLAc-00306-00068072-00068271 placing for the first time the courts as
OGXMGEZuLAc-00307-00068272-00068447 a co-equal branch separate from the
OGXMGEZuLAc-00308-00068448-00068671 executive the constitution of vermont
OGXMGEZuLAc-00309-00068672-00068999 adopted in 1777 represented the first
OGXMGEZuLAc-00310-00069000-00069215 partial ban on slavery
OGXMGEZuLAc-00311-00069216-00069494 vermont became a state in 1791 but did
OGXMGEZuLAc-00312-00069495-00069775 not fully ban slavery until 1858 with
OGXMGEZuLAc-00313-00069776-00070023 the vermont personal liberty law
OGXMGEZuLAc-00314-00070024-00070255 the pennsylvania gradual abolition act
OGXMGEZuLAc-00315-00070256-00070503 of 1780 made pennsylvania the first
OGXMGEZuLAc-00316-00070504-00070726 state to abolish slavery by statute
OGXMGEZuLAc-00317-00070727-00070959 later adams was active in early american
OGXMGEZuLAc-00318-00070960-00071175 foreign affairs and succeeded washington
OGXMGEZuLAc-00319-00071176-00071431 as the second united states president
OGXMGEZuLAc-00320-00071432-00071662 his son john quincy adams also from
OGXMGEZuLAc-00321-00071663-00071855 massachusetts would go on to become the
OGXMGEZuLAc-00322-00071856-00072119 sixth united states president
OGXMGEZuLAc-00323-00072120-00072511 from 1786 to 1787 an armed uprising
OGXMGEZuLAc-00324-00072512-00072679 known as shea's rebellion led by
OGXMGEZuLAc-00325-00072680-00072894 revolutionary war veteran daniel shays
OGXMGEZuLAc-00326-00072895-00073094 wrote havoc throughout massachusetts and
OGXMGEZuLAc-00327-00073095-00073238 ultimately attempted to seize the
OGXMGEZuLAc-00328-00073239-00073391 federal armory
OGXMGEZuLAc-00329-00073392-00073550 the rebellion was one of the major
OGXMGEZuLAc-00330-00073551-00073726 factors in the decision to draft a
OGXMGEZuLAc-00331-00073727-00073919 stronger national constitution to
OGXMGEZuLAc-00332-00073920-00074175 replace the articles of confederation
OGXMGEZuLAc-00333-00074176-00074526 on february 6 1788 massachusetts became
OGXMGEZuLAc-00334-00074527-00074719 the sixth state to ratify the united
OGXMGEZuLAc-00335-00074720-00075231 states constitution
OGXMGEZuLAc-00336-00075232-00075687 19th century
OGXMGEZuLAc-00337-00075688-00075903 in 1820 maine separated from
OGXMGEZuLAc-00338-00075904-00076103 massachusetts and entered the union as
OGXMGEZuLAc-00339-00076104-00076287 the 23rd state as a result of the
OGXMGEZuLAc-00340-00076288-00076599 ratification of the missouri compromise
OGXMGEZuLAc-00341-00076600-00076847 during the 19th century massachusetts
OGXMGEZuLAc-00342-00076848-00077055 became a national leader in the american
OGXMGEZuLAc-00343-00077056-00077255 industrial revolution with factories
OGXMGEZuLAc-00344-00077256-00077471 around cities such as lowell and boston
OGXMGEZuLAc-00345-00077472-00077679 producing textiles in shoes and
OGXMGEZuLAc-00346-00077680-00077879 factories around springfield producing
OGXMGEZuLAc-00347-00077880-00078143 tools paper and textiles
OGXMGEZuLAc-00348-00078144-00078367 the economy transformed from one based
OGXMGEZuLAc-00349-00078368-00078543 primarily on agriculture to an
OGXMGEZuLAc-00350-00078544-00078759 industrial one initially making use of
OGXMGEZuLAc-00351-00078760-00078959 water power and later the steam engine
OGXMGEZuLAc-00352-00078960-00079143 to power factories
OGXMGEZuLAc-00353-00079144-00079326 canals and railroads were used for
OGXMGEZuLAc-00354-00079327-00079543 transporting raw materials and finished
OGXMGEZuLAc-00355-00079544-00079662 goods
OGXMGEZuLAc-00356-00079663-00079871 at first the new industries drew labor
OGXMGEZuLAc-00357-00079872-00080119 from yankees on nearby subsistence farms
OGXMGEZuLAc-00358-00080120-00080311 and later relied upon immigrant labor
OGXMGEZuLAc-00359-00080312-00080471 from europe and canada although
OGXMGEZuLAc-00360-00080472-00080615 massachusetts was the first
OGXMGEZuLAc-00361-00080616-00080823 slave-holding colony dating back to the
OGXMGEZuLAc-00362-00080824-00081062 early 1600s in the years leading up to
OGXMGEZuLAc-00363-00081063-00081303 the american civil war massachusetts was
OGXMGEZuLAc-00364-00081304-00081455 a center of progressivist and
OGXMGEZuLAc-00365-00081456-00081655 abolitionist activity
OGXMGEZuLAc-00366-00081656-00081862 horus mann made the state school system
OGXMGEZuLAc-00367-00081863-00082126 a national model henry david thoreau and
OGXMGEZuLAc-00368-00082127-00082311 ralph waldo emerson made major
OGXMGEZuLAc-00369-00082312-00082599 contributions to american philosophy
OGXMGEZuLAc-00370-00082600-00082759 members of the transcendentalist
OGXMGEZuLAc-00371-00082760-00082950 movement emphasized the importance of
OGXMGEZuLAc-00372-00082951-00083111 the natural world and emotion to
OGXMGEZuLAc-00373-00083112-00083335 humanity although significant opposition
OGXMGEZuLAc-00374-00083336-00083550 to abolitionism existed early on in
OGXMGEZuLAc-00375-00083551-00083715 massachusetts resulting in
OGXMGEZuLAc-00376-00083716-00084015 anti-abolitionist riots between 1835 and
OGXMGEZuLAc-00377-00084016-00084318 1837 opposition to slavery gradually
OGXMGEZuLAc-00378-00084319-00084462 increased throughout the next few
OGXMGEZuLAc-00379-00084463-00084582 decades
OGXMGEZuLAc-00380-00084583-00084823 abolitionists john brown and sojourner
OGXMGEZuLAc-00381-00084824-00084967 truth lived in springfield and
OGXMGEZuLAc-00382-00084968-00085191 northampton respectively while frederick
OGXMGEZuLAc-00383-00085192-00085391 douglass lived in boston and susan b
OGXMGEZuLAc-00384-00085392-00085655 anthony in adams massachusetts
OGXMGEZuLAc-00385-00085656-00085838 the works of such abolitionists
OGXMGEZuLAc-00386-00085839-00086047 contributed to massachusetts as actions
OGXMGEZuLAc-00387-00086048-00086223 during the civil war
OGXMGEZuLAc-00388-00086224-00086415 massachusetts was the first state to
OGXMGEZuLAc-00389-00086416-00086631 recruit train and arm a black regiment
OGXMGEZuLAc-00390-00086632-00086823 with white officers the 54th
OGXMGEZuLAc-00391-00086824-00087071 massachusetts infantry regiment
OGXMGEZuLAc-00392-00087072-00087375 in 1852 massachusetts became the first
OGXMGEZuLAc-00393-00087376-00087694 state to pass compulsory education laws
OGXMGEZuLAc-00394-00087695-00087894 alexander graham bell is commonly
OGXMGEZuLAc-00395-00087895-00088071 credited as the inventor of the first
OGXMGEZuLAc-00396-00088072-00088238 practical telephone
OGXMGEZuLAc-00397-00088239-00088591 on march 10 1876 at boston university he
OGXMGEZuLAc-00398-00088592-00088743 was able to communicate with his
OGXMGEZuLAc-00399-00088744-00088950 assistant thomas a watson in the next
OGXMGEZuLAc-00400-00088951-00089294 room
OGXMGEZuLAc-00401-00089295-00089815 topic 20th century
OGXMGEZuLAc-00402-00089816-00090031 with the exodus of several manufacturing
OGXMGEZuLAc-00403-00090032-00090271 companies the area's industrial economy
OGXMGEZuLAc-00404-00090272-00090471 began to decline during the early 20th
OGXMGEZuLAc-00405-00090472-00090591 century
OGXMGEZuLAc-00406-00090592-00090862 by the 1920s competition from the south
OGXMGEZuLAc-00407-00090863-00091023 and midwest followed by the great
OGXMGEZuLAc-00408-00091024-00091206 depression led to the collapse of the
OGXMGEZuLAc-00409-00091207-00091423 three main industries in massachusetts
OGXMGEZuLAc-00410-00091424-00091631 textiles shoemaking and precision
OGXMGEZuLAc-00411-00091632-00091767 mechanics
OGXMGEZuLAc-00412-00091768-00091943 this decline would continue into the
OGXMGEZuLAc-00413-00091944-00092206 later half of the century between 1950
OGXMGEZuLAc-00414-00092207-00092487 and 1979. the number of massachusetts
OGXMGEZuLAc-00415-00092488-00092647 residents involved in textile
OGXMGEZuLAc-00416-00092648-00092974 manufacturing declined from 264 000 to
OGXMGEZuLAc-00417-00092975-00093150 63 000
OGXMGEZuLAc-00418-00093151-00093423 the 1969 closure of the springfield
OGXMGEZuLAc-00419-00093424-00093655 armory in particular spurred an exodus
OGXMGEZuLAc-00420-00093656-00093831 of high-paying jobs from western
OGXMGEZuLAc-00421-00093832-00094047 massachusetts which suffered greatly as
OGXMGEZuLAc-00422-00094048-00094271 it de-industrialized during the last 40
OGXMGEZuLAc-00423-00094272-00094518 years of the 20th century massachusetts
OGXMGEZuLAc-00424-00094519-00094862 manufactured 3.4 of total united states
OGXMGEZuLAc-00425-00094863-00095071 military armaments produced during world
OGXMGEZuLAc-00426-00095072-00095415 war ii ranking 10th among the 48 states
OGXMGEZuLAc-00427-00095416-00095638 in eastern massachusetts following world
OGXMGEZuLAc-00428-00095639-00095879 war ii the economy was transformed from
OGXMGEZuLAc-00429-00095880-00096071 one based on heavy industry into a
OGXMGEZuLAc-00430-00096072-00096271 service-based economy
OGXMGEZuLAc-00431-00096272-00096487 government contracts private investment
OGXMGEZuLAc-00432-00096488-00096703 and research facilities led to a new and
OGXMGEZuLAc-00433-00096704-00096918 improved industrial climate with reduced
OGXMGEZuLAc-00434-00096919-00097111 unemployment and increased per capita
OGXMGEZuLAc-00435-00097112-00097215 income
OGXMGEZuLAc-00436-00097216-00097418 suburbanization flourished and by the
OGXMGEZuLAc-00437-00097419-00097782 1970s the route 128 corridor was dotted
OGXMGEZuLAc-00438-00097783-00097959 with high technology companies who
OGXMGEZuLAc-00439-00097960-00098159 recruited graduates of the areas many
OGXMGEZuLAc-00440-00098160-00098391 elite institutions of higher education
OGXMGEZuLAc-00441-00098392-00098647 in 1987 the state received federal
OGXMGEZuLAc-00442-00098648-00098831 funding for the central artery tunnel
OGXMGEZuLAc-00443-00098832-00098959 project
OGXMGEZuLAc-00444-00098960-00099231 commonly known as the big dig
OGXMGEZuLAc-00445-00099232-00099431 it was at the time the biggest federal
OGXMGEZuLAc-00446-00099432-00099662 highway project ever approved
OGXMGEZuLAc-00447-00099663-00099871 the project included making the central
OGXMGEZuLAc-00448-00099872-00100103 artery a tunnel under downtown boston in
OGXMGEZuLAc-00449-00100104-00100271 addition to the rerouting of several
OGXMGEZuLAc-00450-00100272-00100455 other major highways
OGXMGEZuLAc-00451-00100456-00100694 often controversial with numerous claims
OGXMGEZuLAc-00452-00100695-00100879 of graft and mismanagement and with its
OGXMGEZuLAc-00453-00100880-00101159 initial price tag of 2.5 billion dollars
OGXMGEZuLAc-00454-00101160-00101399 increasing to a final tally of over 15
OGXMGEZuLAc-00455-00101400-00101494 billion
OGXMGEZuLAc-00456-00101495-00101687 the big dig has nonetheless changed the
OGXMGEZuLAc-00457-00101688-00101887 face of downtown boston
OGXMGEZuLAc-00458-00101888-00102079 it has connected areas that were once
OGXMGEZuLAc-00459-00102080-00102287 divided by elevated highway much of the
OGXMGEZuLAc-00460-00102288-00102494 raised old central artery was replaced
OGXMGEZuLAc-00461-00102495-00102663 with the rose fitzgerald kennedy
OGXMGEZuLAc-00462-00102664-00102878 greenway and improved traffic conditions
OGXMGEZuLAc-00463-00102879-00103078 along a number of routes
OGXMGEZuLAc-00464-00103079-00103278 additionally massachusetts has had a
OGXMGEZuLAc-00465-00103279-00103439 diplomatic relationship with the
OGXMGEZuLAc-00466-00103440-00103654 japanese prefecture of hokkaido since
OGXMGEZuLAc-00467-00103655-00104142 1988
OGXMGEZuLAc-00468-00104143-00104710 notable 20th century politicians
OGXMGEZuLAc-00469-00104711-00104895 the kennedy family was prominent in
OGXMGEZuLAc-00470-00104896-00105102 massachusetts politics in the 20th
OGXMGEZuLAc-00471-00105103-00105239 century
OGXMGEZuLAc-00472-00105240-00105454 children of businessman and ambassador
OGXMGEZuLAc-00473-00105455-00105719 joseph p kennedy senior included john f
OGXMGEZuLAc-00474-00105720-00105910 kennedy who was a senator and u.s
OGXMGEZuLAc-00475-00105911-00106102 president before his assassination in
OGXMGEZuLAc-00476-00106103-00106431 1963 robert f kennedy who was a senator
OGXMGEZuLAc-00477-00106432-00106654 u.s attorney general and presidential
OGXMGEZuLAc-00478-00106655-00106854 candidate before his assassination in
OGXMGEZuLAc-00479-00106855-00107254 1968 ted kennedy a senator from 1962
OGXMGEZuLAc-00480-00107255-00107486 until his death in 2009 and eunice
OGXMGEZuLAc-00481-00107488-00107678 kennedy shriver a co-founder of the
OGXMGEZuLAc-00482-00107679-00107847 special olympics
OGXMGEZuLAc-00483-00107848-00108158 in 1966 massachusetts became the first
OGXMGEZuLAc-00484-00108159-00108295 state to directly elect an
OGXMGEZuLAc-00485-00108296-00108486 african-american to the u.s senate with
OGXMGEZuLAc-00486-00108488-00108631 edward brooke
OGXMGEZuLAc-00487-00108632-00108919 george h.w bush 41st president of the
OGXMGEZuLAc-00488-00108920-00109131 united states
OGXMGEZuLAc-00489-00109132-00109863 1989-1993 was born in milton in 1924
OGXMGEZuLAc-00490-00109864-00110319 21st century
OGXMGEZuLAc-00491-00110320-00110654 on may 17 2004 massachusetts became the
OGXMGEZuLAc-00492-00110655-00110847 first state in the u.s to legalize
OGXMGEZuLAc-00493-00110848-00111063 same-sex marriage after a massachusetts
OGXMGEZuLAc-00494-00111064-00111231 supreme judicial court ruling in
OGXMGEZuLAc-00495-00111232-00111463 november 2003 determined that the
OGXMGEZuLAc-00496-00111464-00111663 exclusion of same-sex couples from the
OGXMGEZuLAc-00497-00111664-00111799 right to a civil marriage was
OGXMGEZuLAc-00498-00111800-00111975 unconstitutional
OGXMGEZuLAc-00499-00111976-00112190 this decision was eventually superseded
OGXMGEZuLAc-00500-00112191-00112399 by the u.s supreme court's affirmation
OGXMGEZuLAc-00501-00112400-00112583 of same-sex marriage in the united
OGXMGEZuLAc-00502-00112583-00112886 states in 2015.
OGXMGEZuLAc-00503-00112888-00113199 in 2004 massachusetts senator john kerry
OGXMGEZuLAc-00504-00113200-00113390 who won the democratic nomination for
OGXMGEZuLAc-00505-00113391-00113599 president of the united states narrowly
OGXMGEZuLAc-00506-00113600-00113878 lost to incumbent george w bush
OGXMGEZuLAc-00507-00113879-00114095 eight years later former massachusetts
OGXMGEZuLAc-00508-00114096-00114327 governor mitt romney republican nominee
OGXMGEZuLAc-00509-00114328-00114647 lost to barack obama in 2012.
OGXMGEZuLAc-00510-00114648-00114871 two pressure cooker bombs exploded near
OGXMGEZuLAc-00511-00114872-00115071 the finish line of the boston marathon
OGXMGEZuLAc-00512-00115072-00115431 on april 15 2013 at around 2 49 p.m
OGXMGEZuLAc-00513-00115432-00115654 eastern daylight saving time
OGXMGEZuLAc-00514-00115655-00115871 the explosions killed three civilians
OGXMGEZuLAc-00515-00115872-00116223 and injured an estimated 264 others
OGXMGEZuLAc-00516-00116224-00116502 the federal bureau of investigation fbi
OGXMGEZuLAc-00517-00116503-00116695 later identified the suspects as
OGXMGEZuLAc-00518-00116696-00116895 brothers jahar tsarnaev and tamerlan
OGXMGEZuLAc-00519-00116896-00117007 tsarnaev
OGXMGEZuLAc-00520-00117008-00117271 the ensuing manhunt ended on april 19
OGXMGEZuLAc-00521-00117272-00117431 when thousands of law enforcement
OGXMGEZuLAc-00522-00117432-00117639 officers searched a 20-block area of
OGXMGEZuLAc-00523-00117640-00117943 nearby watertown jahar later said that
OGXMGEZuLAc-00524-00117944-00118166 he was motivated by extremist islamic
OGXMGEZuLAc-00525-00118167-00118351 beliefs and learned to build explosive
OGXMGEZuLAc-00526-00118352-00118607 devices from inspire the online magazine
OGXMGEZuLAc-00527-00118608-00118910 of al-qaeda in the arabian peninsula
OGXMGEZuLAc-00528-00118911-00119231 on november 8 2016 massachusetts voted
OGXMGEZuLAc-00529-00119232-00119447 in favor of the massachusetts marijuana
OGXMGEZuLAc-00530-00119448-00119663 legalization initiative also known as
OGXMGEZuLAc-00531-00119664-00119807 question 4.
OGXMGEZuLAc-00532-00119808-00120007 it was included in the united states
OGXMGEZuLAc-00533-00120008-00120263 presidential election 2016 ballot in
OGXMGEZuLAc-00534-00120264-00120495 massachusetts as an indirectly initiated
OGXMGEZuLAc-00535-00120496-00121007 state statute
OGXMGEZuLAc-00536-00121008-00121447 geography
OGXMGEZuLAc-00537-00121448-00121647 massachusetts is the seventh smallest
OGXMGEZuLAc-00538-00121648-00121919 state in the united states it is located
OGXMGEZuLAc-00539-00121920-00122054 in the new england region of the
OGXMGEZuLAc-00540-00122055-00122263 northeastern united states and has an
OGXMGEZuLAc-00541-00122264-00122410 area of 10
OGXMGEZuLAc-00542-00122411-00122839 555 square miles 27 340 square
OGXMGEZuLAc-00543-00122840-00123078 kilometers 25.7
OGXMGEZuLAc-00544-00123079-00123247 of which is water
OGXMGEZuLAc-00545-00123248-00123471 several large bays distinctly shape its
OGXMGEZuLAc-00546-00123472-00123734 coast boston is the largest city at the
OGXMGEZuLAc-00547-00123735-00123951 inmost point of massachusetts bay and
OGXMGEZuLAc-00548-00123952-00124183 the mouth of the charles river
OGXMGEZuLAc-00549-00124183-00124407 despite its small size massachusetts
OGXMGEZuLAc-00550-00124408-00124583 features numerous topographically
OGXMGEZuLAc-00551-00124583-00124823 distinctive regions the large coastal
OGXMGEZuLAc-00552-00124824-00124990 plain of the atlantic ocean in the
OGXMGEZuLAc-00553-00124991-00125190 eastern section of the state contains
OGXMGEZuLAc-00554-00125191-00125383 greater boston along with most of the
OGXMGEZuLAc-00555-00125383-00125558 state's population as well as the
OGXMGEZuLAc-00556-00125559-00125790 distinctive cape cod peninsula
OGXMGEZuLAc-00557-00125791-00125999 to the west lies the hilly rural region
OGXMGEZuLAc-00558-00126000-00126214 of central massachusetts and beyond that
OGXMGEZuLAc-00559-00126215-00126423 the connecticut river valley
OGXMGEZuLAc-00560-00126424-00126607 along the western border of western
OGXMGEZuLAc-00561-00126608-00126831 massachusetts lies the highest elevated
OGXMGEZuLAc-00562-00126832-00127095 part of the state the berkshires
OGXMGEZuLAc-00563-00127096-00127286 the u.s national park service
OGXMGEZuLAc-00564-00127288-00127471 administers a number of natural and
OGXMGEZuLAc-00565-00127472-00127743 historical sites in massachusetts
OGXMGEZuLAc-00566-00127744-00127999 along with 12 national historic sites
OGXMGEZuLAc-00567-00128000-00128231 areas and corridors the national park
OGXMGEZuLAc-00568-00128232-00128439 service also manages the cape cod
OGXMGEZuLAc-00569-00128440-00128647 national seashore and the boston harbor
OGXMGEZuLAc-00570-00128648-00128910 islands national recreation area
OGXMGEZuLAc-00571-00128911-00129071 in addition the department of
OGXMGEZuLAc-00572-00129072-00129295 conservation and recreation maintains a
OGXMGEZuLAc-00573-00129296-00129495 number of parks trails and beaches
OGXMGEZuLAc-00574-00129496-00130014 throughout massachusetts
OGXMGEZuLAc-00575-00130015-00130431 ecology
OGXMGEZuLAc-00576-00130432-00130590 the primary biome of inland
OGXMGEZuLAc-00577-00130591-00130799 massachusetts is temperate deciduous
OGXMGEZuLAc-00578-00130800-00130943 forest
OGXMGEZuLAc-00579-00130944-00131135 although much of massachusetts had been
OGXMGEZuLAc-00580-00131136-00131335 cleared for agriculture leaving only
OGXMGEZuLAc-00581-00131336-00131575 traces of old growth forest in isolated
OGXMGEZuLAc-00582-00131576-00131823 pockets secondary growth has regenerated
OGXMGEZuLAc-00583-00131824-00132023 in many rural areas as farms have been
OGXMGEZuLAc-00584-00132024-00132151 abandoned
OGXMGEZuLAc-00585-00132152-00132390 currently forests cover around 62
OGXMGEZuLAc-00586-00132391-00132647 percent of massachusetts the areas most
OGXMGEZuLAc-00587-00132648-00132847 affected by human development include
OGXMGEZuLAc-00588-00132848-00133054 the greater boston area in the east and
OGXMGEZuLAc-00589-00133055-00133271 the springfield metropolitan area in the
OGXMGEZuLAc-00590-00133272-00133439 west although the latter includes
OGXMGEZuLAc-00591-00133440-00133590 agricultural areas throughout the
OGXMGEZuLAc-00592-00133591-00133790 connecticut river valley
OGXMGEZuLAc-00593-00133791-00134031 there are currently 219 endangered
OGXMGEZuLAc-00594-00134032-00134247 species in massachusetts a number of
OGXMGEZuLAc-00595-00134248-00134383 species are doing well in the
OGXMGEZuLAc-00596-00134384-00134671 increasingly urbanized massachusetts
OGXMGEZuLAc-00597-00134672-00134911 peregrine falcons utilize office towers
OGXMGEZuLAc-00598-00134912-00135127 in larger cities as nesting areas and
OGXMGEZuLAc-00599-00135128-00135375 the population of coyotes whose diet may
OGXMGEZuLAc-00600-00135376-00135566 include garbage and roadkill has been
OGXMGEZuLAc-00601-00135567-00135799 increasing in recent decades
OGXMGEZuLAc-00602-00135800-00136063 white-tailed deer raccoons wild turkeys
OGXMGEZuLAc-00603-00136064-00136247 and eastern grey squirrels are also
OGXMGEZuLAc-00604-00136248-00136471 found throughout massachusetts
OGXMGEZuLAc-00605-00136472-00136678 in more rural areas in the western part
OGXMGEZuLAc-00606-00136679-00136911 of massachusetts larger mammals such as
OGXMGEZuLAc-00607-00136912-00137102 moose and black bears have returned
OGXMGEZuLAc-00608-00137103-00137311 largely due to reforestation following
OGXMGEZuLAc-00609-00137312-00137575 the regional decline in agriculture
OGXMGEZuLAc-00610-00137576-00137766 massachusetts is located along the
OGXMGEZuLAc-00611-00137767-00137966 atlantic flyway a major route for
OGXMGEZuLAc-00612-00137967-00138175 migratory waterfowl along the eastern
OGXMGEZuLAc-00613-00138176-00138287 coast
OGXMGEZuLAc-00614-00138288-00138502 lakes in central massachusetts provide
OGXMGEZuLAc-00615-00138503-00138711 habitat for many species of fish and
OGXMGEZuLAc-00616-00138712-00138927 waterfowl but some species such as the
OGXMGEZuLAc-00617-00138928-00139151 common loon are becoming rare
OGXMGEZuLAc-00618-00139152-00139366 a significant population of long-tailed
OGXMGEZuLAc-00619-00139367-00139599 ducks winter off nantucket small
OGXMGEZuLAc-00620-00139600-00139799 offshore islands and beaches are home to
OGXMGEZuLAc-00621-00139800-00139999 roseate turns and are important breeding
OGXMGEZuLAc-00622-00140000-00140190 areas for the locally threatened piping
OGXMGEZuLAc-00623-00140191-00140311 plover
OGXMGEZuLAc-00624-00140312-00140511 protected areas such as the monomoy
OGXMGEZuLAc-00625-00140512-00140719 national wildlife refuge provide
OGXMGEZuLAc-00626-00140720-00140927 critical breeding habitat for shorebirds
OGXMGEZuLAc-00627-00140928-00141127 and a variety of marine wildlife
OGXMGEZuLAc-00628-00141128-00141327 including a large population of grey
OGXMGEZuLAc-00629-00141328-00141478 seals
OGXMGEZuLAc-00630-00141479-00141727 freshwater fish species in massachusetts
OGXMGEZuLAc-00631-00141728-00141975 include base carp catfish and trout
OGXMGEZuLAc-00632-00141976-00142207 while saltwater species such as atlantic
OGXMGEZuLAc-00633-00142208-00142407 cod haddock and american lobster
OGXMGEZuLAc-00634-00142408-00142631 populate offshore waters
OGXMGEZuLAc-00635-00142632-00142831 other marine species include harbor
OGXMGEZuLAc-00636-00142832-00143031 seals the endangered north atlantic
OGXMGEZuLAc-00637-00143032-00143254 right whales as well as humpback whales
OGXMGEZuLAc-00638-00143255-00143471 fin whales mink whales and atlantic
OGXMGEZuLAc-00639-00143472-00143687 white-sided dolphins
OGXMGEZuLAc-00640-00143688-00143926 the european corn borer a significant
OGXMGEZuLAc-00641-00143927-00144135 agricultural pest was first found in
OGXMGEZuLAc-00642-00144136-00144351 north america near boston massachusetts
OGXMGEZuLAc-00643-00144352-00144871 in 1917
OGXMGEZuLAc-00644-00144872-00145254 climate
OGXMGEZuLAc-00645-00145255-00145447 most of massachusetts has a humid
OGXMGEZuLAc-00646-00145448-00145654 continental with cold winters and warm
OGXMGEZuLAc-00647-00145655-00145966 summers far southeast coastal areas are
OGXMGEZuLAc-00648-00145967-00146166 the broad transition zone to temperate
OGXMGEZuLAc-00649-00146167-00146390 climates humid subtropical climate in
OGXMGEZuLAc-00650-00146391-00146583 some classifications
OGXMGEZuLAc-00651-00146584-00146759 the warm to hot summers render the
OGXMGEZuLAc-00652-00146760-00146990 oceanic climate rare in this transition
OGXMGEZuLAc-00653-00146991-00147231 only applying to exposed coastal areas
OGXMGEZuLAc-00654-00147232-00147423 such as on the peninsula of barnstable
OGXMGEZuLAc-00655-00147424-00147535 county
OGXMGEZuLAc-00656-00147536-00147702 the climate of boston is quite
OGXMGEZuLAc-00657-00147703-00147871 representative for the commonwealth
OGXMGEZuLAc-00658-00147872-00148071 characterized by summer highs of around
OGXMGEZuLAc-00659-00148072-00148399 81 degrees fahrenheit 27 degrees celsius
OGXMGEZuLAc-00660-00148400-00148590 and winter highs of 35 degrees
OGXMGEZuLAc-00661-00148591-00148814 fahrenheit 2 degrees celsius and is
OGXMGEZuLAc-00662-00148815-00148943 quite wet
OGXMGEZuLAc-00663-00148944-00149151 frosts are frequent all winter even in
OGXMGEZuLAc-00664-00149152-00149359 coastal areas due to prevailing inland
OGXMGEZuLAc-00665-00149360-00149471 winds
OGXMGEZuLAc-00666-00149472-00149671 due to its location near the atlantic
OGXMGEZuLAc-00667-00149672-00149831 massachusetts is vulnerable to
OGXMGEZuLAc-00668-00149832-00150031 nor'easters hurricanes and tropical
OGXMGEZuLAc-00669-00150032-00150502 storms
OGXMGEZuLAc-00670-00150503-00150951 demographics
OGXMGEZuLAc-00671-00150952-00151151 the united states census bureau
OGXMGEZuLAc-00672-00151152-00151319 estimated that the population of
OGXMGEZuLAc-00673-00151320-00151523 massachusetts was
OGXMGEZuLAc-00674-00151524-00152175 6859 819 on july 1 2017 a 4.77
OGXMGEZuLAc-00675-00152176-00152399 increase since the 2010 united states
OGXMGEZuLAc-00676-00152400-00152687 census as of 2014 massachusetts was
OGXMGEZuLAc-00677-00152688-00152878 estimated to be the third most densely
OGXMGEZuLAc-00678-00152879-00153099 populated u.s state with
OGXMGEZuLAc-00679-00153100-00153383 839.4 people per square mile behind new
OGXMGEZuLAc-00680-00153384-00153566 jersey and rhode island
OGXMGEZuLAc-00681-00153567-00153951 in 2014 massachusetts had 1 million 11
OGXMGEZuLAc-00682-00153952-00154295 811 foreign-born residents are 15 of the
OGXMGEZuLAc-00683-00154296-00154535 population most bay state residents live
OGXMGEZuLAc-00684-00154536-00154775 within the boston metropolitan area also
OGXMGEZuLAc-00685-00154776-00154975 known as greater boston which includes
OGXMGEZuLAc-00686-00154976-00155175 boston and its proximate surroundings
OGXMGEZuLAc-00687-00155176-00155366 but also extending to greater lowell and
OGXMGEZuLAc-00688-00155367-00155502 to worcester
OGXMGEZuLAc-00689-00155503-00155743 the springfield metropolitan area also
OGXMGEZuLAc-00690-00155744-00155943 known as greater springfield is also a
OGXMGEZuLAc-00691-00155944-00156166 major centre of population
OGXMGEZuLAc-00692-00156167-00156399 demographically the center of population
OGXMGEZuLAc-00693-00156400-00156614 of massachusetts is located in the town
OGXMGEZuLAc-00694-00156615-00156743 of natick like the rest of the
OGXMGEZuLAc-00695-00156744-00156911 northeastern united states the
OGXMGEZuLAc-00696-00156912-00157095 population of massachusetts has
OGXMGEZuLAc-00697-00157096-00157254 continued to grow in the past few
OGXMGEZuLAc-00698-00157255-00157390 decades
OGXMGEZuLAc-00699-00157391-00157590 massachusetts is the fastest growing
OGXMGEZuLAc-00700-00157591-00157783 state in new england and the 25th
OGXMGEZuLAc-00701-00157784-00157975 fastest growing state in the united
OGXMGEZuLAc-00702-00157976-00158087 states
OGXMGEZuLAc-00703-00158088-00158311 population growth was largely due to a
OGXMGEZuLAc-00704-00158312-00158519 relatively high quality of life and a
OGXMGEZuLAc-00705-00158520-00158719 large higher education system in the
OGXMGEZuLAc-00706-00158720-00158919 state foreign immigration is also a
OGXMGEZuLAc-00707-00158920-00159126 factor in the state's population growth
OGXMGEZuLAc-00708-00159127-00159295 causing the state's population to
OGXMGEZuLAc-00709-00159296-00159526 continue to grow as of the 2010 census
OGXMGEZuLAc-00710-00159527-00159743 particularly in massachusetts gateway
OGXMGEZuLAc-00711-00159744-00159959 cities where costs of living are lower
OGXMGEZuLAc-00712-00159960-00160166 40 of foreign immigrants were from
OGXMGEZuLAc-00713-00160167-00160383 central or south america according to a
OGXMGEZuLAc-00714-00160384-00160654 2005 census bureau study with many of
OGXMGEZuLAc-00715-00160655-00160831 the remainder from asia
OGXMGEZuLAc-00716-00160832-00160999 many residents who have settled in
OGXMGEZuLAc-00717-00161000-00161190 greater springfield claim puerto rican
OGXMGEZuLAc-00718-00161191-00161311 descent
OGXMGEZuLAc-00719-00161312-00161511 many areas of massachusetts showed
OGXMGEZuLAc-00720-00161512-00161719 relatively stable population trends
OGXMGEZuLAc-00721-00161720-00161975 between 2000 and 2010.
OGXMGEZuLAc-00722-00161976-00162207 exurban boston and coastal areas grew
OGXMGEZuLAc-00723-00162208-00162407 the most rapidly while berkshire county
OGXMGEZuLAc-00724-00162408-00162590 in far western massachusetts and
OGXMGEZuLAc-00725-00162591-00162799 barnstable county on cape cod were the
OGXMGEZuLAc-00726-00162800-00163007 only counties to lose population as of
OGXMGEZuLAc-00727-00163008-00163390 the 2010 census by sex 48.4 were male
OGXMGEZuLAc-00728-00163391-00163566 and 51.6
OGXMGEZuLAc-00729-00163567-00163807 were female in 2014.
OGXMGEZuLAc-00730-00163808-00164190 in terms of age 79.2 were over 18 years
OGXMGEZuLAc-00731-00164191-00164519 old and 14.8 percent were over 65 years
OGXMGEZuLAc-00732-00164520-00164614 old
OGXMGEZuLAc-00733-00164615-00164911 topic race and ancestry as of 2014 in
OGXMGEZuLAc-00734-00164912-00165078 terms of race and ethnicity
OGXMGEZuLAc-00735-00165079-00165551 massachusetts was 83.2 white 73.7
OGXMGEZuLAc-00736-00165552-00165838 non-hispanic white 8.8 black or
OGXMGEZuLAc-00737-00165839-00166207 african-american 0.5 native american and
OGXMGEZuLAc-00738-00166208-00166543 alaska native 6.3 asian american the
OGXMGEZuLAc-00739-00166544-00166775 largest ancestry group in massachusetts
OGXMGEZuLAc-00740-00166776-00167119 are the irish 22.5 of the population who
OGXMGEZuLAc-00741-00167120-00167287 live in significant numbers throughout
OGXMGEZuLAc-00742-00167288-00167495 the state but form more than 40 percent
OGXMGEZuLAc-00743-00167496-00167695 of the population along the south shore
OGXMGEZuLAc-00744-00167696-00167895 in norfolk and plymouth counties in both
OGXMGEZuLAc-00745-00167896-00168095 counties overall irish americans
OGXMGEZuLAc-00746-00168096-00168423 comprise more than 30 of the population
OGXMGEZuLAc-00747-00168424-00168654 italians form the second largest ethnic
OGXMGEZuLAc-00748-00168655-00168975 group in the state 13.5 but only form a
OGXMGEZuLAc-00749-00168976-00169166 plurality in some suburbs north of
OGXMGEZuLAc-00750-00169167-00169454 boston and a few towns in the berkshires
OGXMGEZuLAc-00751-00169455-00169671 english is the third largest ancestry in
OGXMGEZuLAc-00752-00169672-00169943 massachusetts 11.4 percent and have
OGXMGEZuLAc-00753-00169944-00170135 lived in the region the longest but only
OGXMGEZuLAc-00754-00170136-00170319 form a plurality in some towns in
OGXMGEZuLAc-00755-00170320-00170519 western massachusetts
OGXMGEZuLAc-00756-00170520-00170735 french people also form a significant
OGXMGEZuLAc-00757-00170736-00170959 part of the state's population 8 percent
OGXMGEZuLAc-00758-00170960-00171126 and they primarily live in the hills of
OGXMGEZuLAc-00759-00171127-00171287 worcester county
OGXMGEZuLAc-00760-00171288-00171478 lowell is home to the second largest
OGXMGEZuLAc-00761-00171479-00171719 cambodian community of the nation
OGXMGEZuLAc-00762-00171720-00171926 there are also several populations of
OGXMGEZuLAc-00763-00171927-00172143 native americans in massachusetts.the
OGXMGEZuLAc-00764-00172144-00172383 wampanoag tribe maintains reservations
OGXMGEZuLAc-00765-00172384-00172566 at aquina on martha's vineyard and at
OGXMGEZuLAc-00766-00172567-00172766 mashpee on cape cod with an ongoing
OGXMGEZuLAc-00767-00172767-00172999 native language revival project underway
OGXMGEZuLAc-00768-00173000-00173271 since 1993 while the nipmuck maintained
OGXMGEZuLAc-00769-00173272-00173495 two state-recognized reservations in the
OGXMGEZuLAc-00770-00173496-00173687 central part of the state including one
OGXMGEZuLAc-00771-00173688-00173975 at grafton massachusetts has avoided
OGXMGEZuLAc-00772-00173976-00174166 many forms of racial strife seen
OGXMGEZuLAc-00773-00174167-00174383 elsewhere in the u.s but examples such
OGXMGEZuLAc-00774-00174384-00174590 as the successful electoral showings of
OGXMGEZuLAc-00775-00174591-00174799 the nativist mainly anti-catholic know
OGXMGEZuLAc-00776-00174800-00175063 nothings in the 1850s the controversial
OGXMGEZuLAc-00777-00175064-00175271 sacko and venzetti executions in the
OGXMGEZuLAc-00778-00175272-00175502 1920s and boston's opposition to
OGXMGEZuLAc-00779-00175503-00175775 desegregation busing in the 1970s show
OGXMGEZuLAc-00780-00175776-00175975 that the ethnic history of massachusetts
OGXMGEZuLAc-00781-00175976-00176214 was not completely harmonious
OGXMGEZuLAc-00782-00176215-00176390 topic languages the most common
OGXMGEZuLAc-00783-00176391-00176623 varieties of american english spoken in
OGXMGEZuLAc-00784-00176624-00176799 massachusetts other than general
OGXMGEZuLAc-00785-00176800-00176990 american are the caught caught distinct
OGXMGEZuLAc-00786-00176991-00177223 rhodic western massachusetts dialect and
OGXMGEZuLAc-00787-00177224-00177463 the caucat merge non-rhodic eastern
OGXMGEZuLAc-00788-00177464-00177695 massachusetts dialect popularly known as
OGXMGEZuLAc-00789-00177696-00177863 a boston accent
OGXMGEZuLAc-00790-00177864-00178435 as of 2010 78.93
OGXMGEZuLAc-00791-00178436-00178759 4823127 of massachusetts residents age 5
OGXMGEZuLAc-00792-00178760-00178951 and older spoke english at home as a
OGXMGEZuLAc-00793-00178952-00179247 first language while 7.50
OGXMGEZuLAc-00794-00179248-00179426 458
OGXMGEZuLAc-00795-00179427-00179811 2256 spoke spanish 2.97
OGXMGEZuLAc-00796-00179812-00179978 181
OGXMGEZuLAc-00797-00179979-00180435 4437 portuguese 1.59
OGXMGEZuLAc-00798-00180436-00180735 96690 chinese which includes cantonese
OGXMGEZuLAc-00799-00180736-00181107 and mandarin 1.11
OGXMGEZuLAc-00800-00181108-00181671 67788 french 0.89 54456
OGXMGEZuLAc-00801-00181672-00182251 french creole 0.72 percent 43798
OGXMGEZuLAc-00802-00182252-00182531 0.62
OGXMGEZuLAc-00803-00182532-00182823 37865 russian and vietnamese was spoken
OGXMGEZuLAc-00804-00182824-00183235 as a primary language by 0.58
OGXMGEZuLAc-00805-00183236-00183511 35283 of the population over the age of
OGXMGEZuLAc-00806-00183512-00183614 five
OGXMGEZuLAc-00807-00183615-00183738 in total
OGXMGEZuLAc-00808-00183739-00183895 21.07
OGXMGEZuLAc-00809-00183896-00184247 1287419
OGXMGEZuLAc-00810-00184248-00184487 of massachusetts's population aged five
OGXMGEZuLAc-00811-00184488-00184671 and older spoke a first language other
OGXMGEZuLAc-00812-00184672-00184814 than english
OGXMGEZuLAc-00813-00184815-00185047 topic religion massachusetts was founded
OGXMGEZuLAc-00814-00185048-00185335 and settled by brownist puritans in 1620
OGXMGEZuLAc-00815-00185336-00185502 and soon after by other groups of
OGXMGEZuLAc-00816-00185503-00185735 separatists dissenters nonconformists
OGXMGEZuLAc-00817-00185736-00185950 and independents from 17th century
OGXMGEZuLAc-00818-00185951-00186054 england
OGXMGEZuLAc-00819-00186055-00186254 most people in massachusetts today
OGXMGEZuLAc-00820-00186255-00186487 remain christians the descendants of the
OGXMGEZuLAc-00821-00186488-00186663 puritans belong to many different
OGXMGEZuLAc-00822-00186664-00186831 churches in the direct line of
OGXMGEZuLAc-00823-00186832-00186959 inheritance are the various
OGXMGEZuLAc-00824-00186960-00187150 congregational churches the united
OGXMGEZuLAc-00825-00187151-00187335 church of christ and congregations of
OGXMGEZuLAc-00826-00187336-00187631 the unitarian universalist association
OGXMGEZuLAc-00827-00187632-00187807 the headquarters of the unitarian
OGXMGEZuLAc-00828-00187808-00188063 universalist association long located on
OGXMGEZuLAc-00829-00188064-00188271 beacon hill is now located in south
OGXMGEZuLAc-00830-00188272-00188390 boston
OGXMGEZuLAc-00831-00188391-00188607 many puritan descendants also disperse
OGXMGEZuLAc-00832-00188608-00188854 to other protestant denominations some
OGXMGEZuLAc-00833-00188855-00189095 disaffiliated along with roman catholics
OGXMGEZuLAc-00834-00189096-00189263 and other christian groups in the wake
OGXMGEZuLAc-00835-00189264-00189478 of modern secularization
OGXMGEZuLAc-00836-00189479-00189759 today christians make up 57 of the
OGXMGEZuLAc-00837-00189760-00189950 state's population with protestants
OGXMGEZuLAc-00838-00189951-00190190 making up 21 of them
OGXMGEZuLAc-00839-00190191-00190463 roman catholics make up 34 and now
OGXMGEZuLAc-00840-00190464-00190623 predominant because of massive
OGXMGEZuLAc-00841-00190624-00190823 immigration from primarily catholic
OGXMGEZuLAc-00842-00190824-00191038 countries and regions chiefly ireland
OGXMGEZuLAc-00843-00191039-00191319 italy poland portugal quebec and latin
OGXMGEZuLAc-00844-00191320-00191447 america
OGXMGEZuLAc-00845-00191448-00191638 both protestant and roman catholic
OGXMGEZuLAc-00846-00191639-00191831 communities have been in decline since
OGXMGEZuLAc-00847-00191832-00192047 the late 20th century due to the rise of
OGXMGEZuLAc-00848-00192048-00192247 irreligion in new england
OGXMGEZuLAc-00849-00192248-00192438 it is the most irreligious region of the
OGXMGEZuLAc-00850-00192439-00192638 country along with the western united
OGXMGEZuLAc-00851-00192639-00192750 states
OGXMGEZuLAc-00852-00192751-00192950 a significant jewish population
OGXMGEZuLAc-00853-00192951-00193150 immigrated to the boston and springfield
OGXMGEZuLAc-00854-00193151-00193487 areas between 1880 and 1920.
OGXMGEZuLAc-00855-00193488-00193687 jews currently make up 3 percent of the
OGXMGEZuLAc-00856-00193688-00193935 population mary baker eddy made the
OGXMGEZuLAc-00857-00193936-00194102 boston mother church of christian
OGXMGEZuLAc-00858-00194103-00194287 science serve as the world headquarters
OGXMGEZuLAc-00859-00194288-00194502 of this new religious movement
OGXMGEZuLAc-00860-00194503-00194750 buddhists pagans hindus 7th seventh-day
OGXMGEZuLAc-00861-00194751-00195007 adventists muslims and mormons may also
OGXMGEZuLAc-00862-00195008-00195135 be found
OGXMGEZuLAc-00863-00195136-00195311 cripplu centre in stockbridge the
OGXMGEZuLAc-00864-00195312-00195550 shaolin meditation temple in springfield
OGXMGEZuLAc-00865-00195551-00195735 and the insight meditation center in
OGXMGEZuLAc-00866-00195736-00195935 barr are examples of non-abrahamic
OGXMGEZuLAc-00867-00195936-00196199 religious centres in massachusetts
OGXMGEZuLAc-00868-00196200-00196390 according to 2010 data from the
OGXMGEZuLAc-00869-00196391-00196631 association of religion data archives
OGXMGEZuLAc-00870-00196632-00196854 arda the largest single denominations
OGXMGEZuLAc-00871-00196855-00197183 are the catholic church with 2940
OGXMGEZuLAc-00872-00197184-00197454 19999 adherents the united church of
OGXMGEZuLAc-00873-00197455-00197635 christ with
OGXMGEZuLAc-00874-00197636-00197911 86639 adherents and the episcopal church
OGXMGEZuLAc-00875-00197912-00198026 with
OGXMGEZuLAc-00876-00198027-00198263 81999 adherents
OGXMGEZuLAc-00877-00198264-00198543 32 of the population identifies as
OGXMGEZuLAc-00878-00198544-00198807 having no religion topic education in
OGXMGEZuLAc-00879-00198808-00199111 2018 massachusetts overall educational
OGXMGEZuLAc-00880-00199112-00199326 system was ranked the top among all 50
OGXMGEZuLAc-00881-00199327-00199654 u.s states by u.s news and world report
OGXMGEZuLAc-00882-00199655-00199847 massachusetts was the first state in
OGXMGEZuLAc-00883-00199848-00200087 north america to require municipalities
OGXMGEZuLAc-00884-00200088-00200271 to appoint a teacher or establish a
OGXMGEZuLAc-00885-00200272-00200447 grammar school with the passage of the
OGXMGEZuLAc-00886-00200448-00200775 massachusetts education law of 1647 and
OGXMGEZuLAc-00887-00200776-00201014 19th century reforms pushed by horus
OGXMGEZuLAc-00888-00201015-00201183 mann laid much of the groundwork for
OGXMGEZuLAc-00889-00201184-00201431 contemporary universal public education
OGXMGEZuLAc-00890-00201432-00201735 which was established in 1852
OGXMGEZuLAc-00891-00201736-00201919 massachusetts is home to the oldest
OGXMGEZuLAc-00892-00201920-00202126 school in continuous existence in north
OGXMGEZuLAc-00893-00202127-00202390 america the roxbury latin school founded
OGXMGEZuLAc-00894-00202391-00202687 in 1645 as well as the country's oldest
OGXMGEZuLAc-00895-00202688-00202887 public elementary school the mather
OGXMGEZuLAc-00896-00202888-00203183 school founded in 1639 its oldest high
OGXMGEZuLAc-00897-00203184-00203414 school boston latin school founded in
OGXMGEZuLAc-00898-00203415-00203735 1635 its oldest continuously operating
OGXMGEZuLAc-00899-00203736-00203950 boarding school the governor's academy
OGXMGEZuLAc-00900-00203951-00204254 founded in 1763 its oldest college
OGXMGEZuLAc-00901-00204255-00204583 harvard university founded in 1636 and
OGXMGEZuLAc-00902-00204584-00204799 its oldest women's college mount holyoke
OGXMGEZuLAc-00903-00204800-00205110 college founded in 1837. massachusetts
OGXMGEZuLAc-00904-00205111-00205310 as per student public expenditure for
OGXMGEZuLAc-00905-00205311-00205510 elementary and secondary schools was
OGXMGEZuLAc-00906-00205511-00205882 eighth in the nation in 2012 at 14
OGXMGEZuLAc-00907-00205883-00206255 844. in 2013 massachusetts scored
OGXMGEZuLAc-00908-00206256-00206438 highest of all the states in math and
OGXMGEZuLAc-00909-00206439-00206631 third highest in reading on the national
OGXMGEZuLAc-00910-00206632-00206838 assessment of educational progress
OGXMGEZuLAc-00911-00206839-00207086 massachusetts is home to 121
OGXMGEZuLAc-00912-00207087-00207342 institutions of higher education
OGXMGEZuLAc-00913-00207344-00207575 harvard university and the massachusetts
OGXMGEZuLAc-00914-00207576-00207814 institute of technology both located in
OGXMGEZuLAc-00915-00207815-00207998 cambridge consistently rank among the
OGXMGEZuLAc-00916-00208000-00208198 world's best private universities and
OGXMGEZuLAc-00917-00208200-00208406 universities in general
OGXMGEZuLAc-00918-00208407-00208671 in addition to harvard and mit several
OGXMGEZuLAc-00919-00208671-00208855 other massachusetts universities
OGXMGEZuLAc-00920-00208856-00209046 currently rank in the top 50 at the
OGXMGEZuLAc-00921-00209048-00209238 undergraduate level nationally in the
OGXMGEZuLAc-00922-00209239-00209462 widely cited rankings of u.s news and
OGXMGEZuLAc-00923-00209463-00209782 world report tufts university number 27
OGXMGEZuLAc-00924-00209783-00210063 boston college number 32 brandeis
OGXMGEZuLAc-00925-00210064-00210382 university number 34 boston university
OGXMGEZuLAc-00926-00210383-00210655 number 37 and northeastern university
OGXMGEZuLAc-00927-00210656-00210798 number 40.
OGXMGEZuLAc-00928-00210800-00211015 massachusetts is also home to three of
OGXMGEZuLAc-00929-00211016-00211263 the top five u.s news and world report's
OGXMGEZuLAc-00930-00211264-00211487 best liberal arts colleges williams
OGXMGEZuLAc-00931-00211488-00211767 college number 1 amherst college number
OGXMGEZuLAc-00932-00211767-00212055 2 and wellesley college number 4.
OGXMGEZuLAc-00933-00212056-00212287 the public university of massachusetts
OGXMGEZuLAc-00934-00212288-00212519 nicknamed umass features five campuses
OGXMGEZuLAc-00935-00212519-00212719 in the state with its flagship campus in
OGXMGEZuLAc-00936-00212719-00212951 amherst that enrolls over 25 000
OGXMGEZuLAc-00937-00212952-00213423 students
OGXMGEZuLAc-00938-00213423-00213846 economy
OGXMGEZuLAc-00939-00213848-00214071 the united states bureau of economic
OGXMGEZuLAc-00940-00214071-00214223 analysis estimates that the
OGXMGEZuLAc-00941-00214223-00214431 massachusetts gross state product in
OGXMGEZuLAc-00942-00214432-00214839 2017 was 527 billion dollars
OGXMGEZuLAc-00943-00214840-00215110 the per capita personal income in 2012
OGXMGEZuLAc-00944-00215111-00215258 was 53
OGXMGEZuLAc-00945-00215259-00215415 221
OGXMGEZuLAc-00946-00215416-00215591 making it the third highest state in the
OGXMGEZuLAc-00947-00215592-00215694 nation
OGXMGEZuLAc-00948-00215696-00216031 as of january 2017 massachusetts general
OGXMGEZuLAc-00949-00216032-00216294 minimum wage in the state was 11 per
OGXMGEZuLAc-00950-00216296-00216471 hour while the minimum wage for tipped
OGXMGEZuLAc-00951-00216471-00216594 workers is
OGXMGEZuLAc-00952-00216596-00216975 3.75 cents an hour in 2015 12 fortune
OGXMGEZuLAc-00953-00216976-00217167 500 companies were located in
OGXMGEZuLAc-00954-00217167-00217358 massachusetts liberty mutual
OGXMGEZuLAc-00955-00217359-00217575 massachusetts mutual life insurance
OGXMGEZuLAc-00956-00217576-00217910 company tjx companies emc corporation
OGXMGEZuLAc-00957-00217911-00218167 raytheon staples inc global partners
OGXMGEZuLAc-00958-00218167-00218391 thermo fisher scientific state street
OGXMGEZuLAc-00959-00218392-00218671 corporation biogen eversource energy and
OGXMGEZuLAc-00960-00218671-00218875 boston scientific
OGXMGEZuLAc-00961-00218876-00219191 cnbc's list of top states for business
OGXMGEZuLAc-00962-00219192-00219375 for 2014
OGXMGEZuLAc-00963-00219376-00219631 has recognized massachusetts as the 25th
OGXMGEZuLAc-00964-00219632-00219823 best state in the nation for business
OGXMGEZuLAc-00965-00219823-00219982 and for the second year in a row the
OGXMGEZuLAc-00966-00219983-00220151 state was ranked by bloomberg as the
OGXMGEZuLAc-00967-00220152-00220391 most innovative state in america
OGXMGEZuLAc-00968-00220392-00220639 according to a 2013 study by phoenix
OGXMGEZuLAc-00969-00220640-00220855 marketing international massachusetts
OGXMGEZuLAc-00970-00220856-00221006 had the sixth largest number of
OGXMGEZuLAc-00971-00221007-00221198 millionaires per capita in the united
OGXMGEZuLAc-00972-00221200-00221567 states with a ratio of 6.73
OGXMGEZuLAc-00973-00221567-00221782 billionaires living in the state include
OGXMGEZuLAc-00974-00221783-00221982 past and present leaders and related
OGXMGEZuLAc-00975-00221983-00222175 family of local companies such as
OGXMGEZuLAc-00976-00222176-00222431 fidelity investments new balance craft
OGXMGEZuLAc-00977-00222432-00222655 group boston scientific and the former
OGXMGEZuLAc-00978-00222656-00222846 continental cablevision
OGXMGEZuLAc-00979-00222848-00223071 boston logan international airport is
OGXMGEZuLAc-00980-00223071-00223263 the busiest airport in new england
OGXMGEZuLAc-00981-00223264-00223582 serving 33.4 million total passengers in
OGXMGEZuLAc-00982-00223583-00223839 2015 and witnessing rapid growth in
OGXMGEZuLAc-00983-00223840-00224087 international air traffic since 2010
OGXMGEZuLAc-00984-00224088-00224271 sectors vital to the massachusetts
OGXMGEZuLAc-00985-00224271-00224482 economy include higher education
OGXMGEZuLAc-00986-00224483-00224751 biotechnology information technology
OGXMGEZuLAc-00987-00224752-00225087 finance health care tourism and defence
OGXMGEZuLAc-00988-00225088-00225358 the route 128 corridor and greater
OGXMGEZuLAc-00989-00225359-00225575 boston continue to be a major centre for
OGXMGEZuLAc-00990-00225576-00225767 venture capital investment and high
OGXMGEZuLAc-00991-00225767-00226046 technology remains an important sector
OGXMGEZuLAc-00992-00226048-00226255 in recent years tourism has played an
OGXMGEZuLAc-00993-00226256-00226415 ever important role in the state's
OGXMGEZuLAc-00994-00226416-00226646 economy with boston and cape cod being
OGXMGEZuLAc-00995-00226648-00226846 the leading destinations
OGXMGEZuLAc-00996-00226848-00227046 other popular tourist destinations
OGXMGEZuLAc-00997-00227048-00227215 include salem plymouth and the
OGXMGEZuLAc-00998-00227216-00227351 berkshires
OGXMGEZuLAc-00999-00227352-00227582 massachusetts is the sixth most popular
OGXMGEZuLAc-01000-00227583-00227751 tourist destination for foreign
OGXMGEZuLAc-01001-00227752-00228079 travelers as of 2012 there were 7
OGXMGEZuLAc-01002-00228080-00228423 755 farms in massachusetts encompassing
OGXMGEZuLAc-01003-00228423-00228675 a total of 523
OGXMGEZuLAc-01004-00228676-00228875 517 acres
OGXMGEZuLAc-01005-00228876-00229287 2120 square kilometres averaging 67.5
OGXMGEZuLAc-01006-00229288-00229387 acres
OGXMGEZuLAc-01007-00229388-00229703 0.273 square kilometers apiece
OGXMGEZuLAc-01008-00229704-00229942 particular agricultural products of note
OGXMGEZuLAc-01009-00229944-00230151 include greenhouse products making up
OGXMGEZuLAc-01010-00230152-00230303 more than one-third of the state's
OGXMGEZuLAc-01011-00230304-00230542 agricultural output cranberries sweet
OGXMGEZuLAc-01012-00230544-00230751 corn and apples are also large sectors
OGXMGEZuLAc-01013-00230752-00230894 of production
OGXMGEZuLAc-01014-00230896-00231094 massachusetts is the second largest
OGXMGEZuLAc-01015-00231096-00231294 cranberry producing state in the union
OGXMGEZuLAc-01016-00231296-00231551 after wisconsin the more than 33 000
OGXMGEZuLAc-01017-00231552-00231758 nonprofits in massachusetts employ
OGXMGEZuLAc-01018-00231759-00232015 one-sixth of the state's workforce
OGXMGEZuLAc-01019-00232016-00232303 in 2007 governor deval patrick signed
OGXMGEZuLAc-01020-00232304-00232510 into law a state holiday nonprofit
OGXMGEZuLAc-01021-00232511-00232663 awareness day
OGXMGEZuLAc-01022-00232664-00232967 in february 2017 u.s news and world
OGXMGEZuLAc-01023-00232967-00233182 report ranked massachusetts the best
OGXMGEZuLAc-01024-00233183-00233431 state in the united states based upon 60
OGXMGEZuLAc-01025-00233432-00233687 metrics including health care education
OGXMGEZuLAc-01026-00233688-00233991 crime infrastructure opportunity economy
OGXMGEZuLAc-01027-00233992-00234119 and government
OGXMGEZuLAc-01028-00234119-00234310 the base state ranked number one in
OGXMGEZuLAc-01029-00234311-00234542 education number two in healthcare and
OGXMGEZuLAc-01030-00234544-00234703 number five in the handling of the
OGXMGEZuLAc-01031-00234704-00234831 economy
OGXMGEZuLAc-01032-00234832-00235055 topic taxation depending on how it is
OGXMGEZuLAc-01033-00235056-00235303 calculated state and local tax burden in
OGXMGEZuLAc-01034-00235304-00235510 massachusetts has been estimated among
OGXMGEZuLAc-01035-00235511-00235815 u.s states and washington dc as 21st
OGXMGEZuLAc-01036-00235816-00236039 highest 11.44
OGXMGEZuLAc-01037-00236040-00236155 or
OGXMGEZuLAc-01038-00236156-00236455 6163 per year for a household with
OGXMGEZuLAc-01039-00236456-00236719 nationwide median income or 25th highest
OGXMGEZuLAc-01040-00236719-00236910 overall with below average corporate
OGXMGEZuLAc-01041-00236911-00237151 taxes 39th highest above average
OGXMGEZuLAc-01042-00237152-00237423 personal income taxes 13th highest above
OGXMGEZuLAc-01043-00237423-00237694 average sales tax 18th highest and below
OGXMGEZuLAc-01044-00237696-00238023 average property taxes 46th highest
OGXMGEZuLAc-01045-00238023-00238279 in the 1970s the commonwealth ranked as
OGXMGEZuLAc-01046-00238280-00238487 a relatively high tax state gaining the
OGXMGEZuLAc-01047-00238488-00238751 pejorative nickname taxachusetts
OGXMGEZuLAc-01048-00238752-00238934 this was followed by a round of tax
OGXMGEZuLAc-01049-00238935-00239151 limitations during the 1980s a
OGXMGEZuLAc-01050-00239152-00239398 conservative period in american politics
OGXMGEZuLAc-01051-00239400-00239639 including proposition 2 and a half as of
OGXMGEZuLAc-01052-00239640-00239942 january 1 2016 massachusetts has a
OGXMGEZuLAc-01053-00239944-00240279 flat-rate personal income tax of 5.1
OGXMGEZuLAc-01054-00240280-00240510 after a 2002 voter referendum to
OGXMGEZuLAc-01055-00240511-00240758 eventually lower the rate to 5.0 percent
OGXMGEZuLAc-01056-00240759-00241030 as amended by the legislature there is a
OGXMGEZuLAc-01057-00241031-00241206 tax exemption for income below a
OGXMGEZuLAc-01058-00241207-00241471 threshold that varies from year to year
OGXMGEZuLAc-01059-00241471-00241782 the corporate income tax rate is 8.8 and
OGXMGEZuLAc-01060-00241783-00241998 the short-term capital gains tax rate is
OGXMGEZuLAc-01061-00242000-00242151 12
OGXMGEZuLAc-01062-00242152-00242382 an unusual provision allows filers to
OGXMGEZuLAc-01063-00242383-00242606 voluntarily pay at the pre-referendum
OGXMGEZuLAc-01064-00242607-00242775 5.85
OGXMGEZuLAc-01065-00242776-00242991 income tax rate which is done by between
OGXMGEZuLAc-01066-00242992-00243255 1 and 2 000 taxpayers per year the state
OGXMGEZuLAc-01067-00243256-00243646 imposes a 6.25 sales tax on retail sales
OGXMGEZuLAc-01068-00243648-00243879 of tangible personal property except for
OGXMGEZuLAc-01069-00243880-00244091 groceries clothing up to
OGXMGEZuLAc-01070-00244092-00244367 175.00 and periodicals
OGXMGEZuLAc-01071-00244367-00244575 the sales tax is charged on clothing
OGXMGEZuLAc-01072-00244576-00244746 that costs more than
OGXMGEZuLAc-01073-00244748-00245142 175. for the amount exceeding 175.
OGXMGEZuLAc-01074-00245144-00245239 massachusetts
OGXMGEZuLAc-01075-00245240-00245446 also charges a use tax when goods are
OGXMGEZuLAc-01076-00245448-00245623 bought from other states and the vendor
OGXMGEZuLAc-01077-00245623-00245855 does not remit massachusetts sales tax
OGXMGEZuLAc-01078-00245856-00246071 taxpayers report and pay this on their
OGXMGEZuLAc-01079-00246071-00246287 income tax forms or dedicated forms
OGXMGEZuLAc-01080-00246288-00246463 though there are safe harbor amounts
OGXMGEZuLAc-01081-00246464-00246623 that can be paid without tallying up
OGXMGEZuLAc-01082-00246623-00246839 actual purchases except for purchases
OGXMGEZuLAc-01083-00246840-00247039 over one thousand dollars
OGXMGEZuLAc-01084-00247040-00247263 there is no inheritance tax and limited
OGXMGEZuLAc-01085-00247264-00247471 massachusetts estate tax related to
OGXMGEZuLAc-01086-00247471-00247710 federal estate tax collection
OGXMGEZuLAc-01087-00247711-00247894 topic energy massachusetts is
OGXMGEZuLAc-01088-00247896-00248110 electricity generation market was made
OGXMGEZuLAc-01089-00248111-00248391 competitive in 1998 enabling retail
OGXMGEZuLAc-01090-00248392-00248575 customers to change suppliers without
OGXMGEZuLAc-01091-00248576-00248798 changing utility companies
OGXMGEZuLAc-01092-00248800-00249203 in 2012 massachusetts consumed
OGXMGEZuLAc-01093-00249204-00249542 1374.4 trillion btu making it the fifth
OGXMGEZuLAc-01094-00249544-00249742 lowest state in terms of consumption of
OGXMGEZuLAc-01095-00249744-00250046 energy per capita and 63 of that energy
OGXMGEZuLAc-01096-00250048-00250255 came from natural gas
OGXMGEZuLAc-01097-00250256-00250567 in 2014 and 2015 massachusetts was
OGXMGEZuLAc-01098-00250567-00250734 ranked as the most energy-efficient
OGXMGEZuLAc-01099-00250735-00250951 state the united states while boston is
OGXMGEZuLAc-01100-00250952-00251127 the most efficient city but it had the
OGXMGEZuLAc-01101-00251128-00251342 third highest electricity prices of any
OGXMGEZuLAc-01102-00251344-00251671 state
OGXMGEZuLAc-01103-00251671-00252167 topic renewable energy
OGXMGEZuLAc-01104-00252167-00252391 fossil fuels such as oil coal and
OGXMGEZuLAc-01105-00252392-00252606 natural gas reserves are slowly being
OGXMGEZuLAc-01106-00252607-00252775 depleted to make up for the loss of
OGXMGEZuLAc-01107-00252776-00252958 these fuels an alternative to supply
OGXMGEZuLAc-01108-00252959-00253206 massachusetts with energy as needed
OGXMGEZuLAc-01109-00253207-00253398 an alternative to replace the fossil
OGXMGEZuLAc-01110-00253400-00253694 fuels as renewable energy resources
OGXMGEZuLAc-01111-00253696-00253927 such as wind and solar energy are
OGXMGEZuLAc-01112-00253928-00254103 constantly being replenished and will
OGXMGEZuLAc-01113-00254104-00254239 never run out
OGXMGEZuLAc-01114-00254240-00254415 to have massachusetts become less
OGXMGEZuLAc-01115-00254416-00254646 dependent on fossil fuels a bill to move
OGXMGEZuLAc-01116-00254648-00254927 massachusetts to 100 renewable energy
OGXMGEZuLAc-01117-00254928-00255063 was submitted
OGXMGEZuLAc-01118-00255064-00255187 the bill s
OGXMGEZuLAc-01119-00255188-00255463 .1849 was introduced by a petition
OGXMGEZuLAc-01120-00255464-00255791 accompanied by bill senate no 1849 of
OGXMGEZuLAc-01121-00255792-00256071 james b eldridge sean garbaley carmen l
OGXMGEZuLAc-01122-00256071-00256319 gentile jason m lewis and other members
OGXMGEZuLAc-01123-00256319-00256519 of the general court for legislation to
OGXMGEZuLAc-01124-00256519-00256767 transition massachusetts to 100
OGXMGEZuLAc-01125-00256767-00256934 renewable energy
OGXMGEZuLAc-01126-00256935-00257134 the bill aims to have massachusetts on
OGXMGEZuLAc-01127-00257135-00257479 100 renewable energy by 2050 with plans
OGXMGEZuLAc-01128-00257480-00257694 on reducing pollution to massachusetts
OGXMGEZuLAc-01129-00257696-00257927 air water and land along with reduce
OGXMGEZuLAc-01130-00257928-00258142 greenhouse gas emissions and ultimately
OGXMGEZuLAc-01131-00258144-00258358 eliminate massachusetts use of fossil
OGXMGEZuLAc-01132-00258359-00258551 fuels and other polluting and dangerous
OGXMGEZuLAc-01133-00258552-00259071 forms of energy
OGXMGEZuLAc-01134-00259071-00259527 transportation
OGXMGEZuLAc-01135-00259528-00259710 massachusetts has 10 regional
OGXMGEZuLAc-01136-00259711-00259942 metropolitan planning organizations and
OGXMGEZuLAc-01137-00259944-00260127 three non-metropolitan planning
OGXMGEZuLAc-01138-00260128-00260310 organizations covering the remainder of
OGXMGEZuLAc-01139-00260311-00260519 the state statewide planning is handled
OGXMGEZuLAc-01140-00260519-00260694 by the massachusetts department of
OGXMGEZuLAc-01141-00260696-00261167 transportation
OGXMGEZuLAc-01142-00261167-00261679 regional public transportation
OGXMGEZuLAc-01143-00261680-00261894 the massachusetts bay transportation
OGXMGEZuLAc-01144-00261896-00262295 authority mbta also known as the t
OGXMGEZuLAc-01145-00262296-00262503 operates public transportation in the
OGXMGEZuLAc-01146-00262504-00262751 form of subway bus and ferry systems in
OGXMGEZuLAc-01147-00262752-00262982 the metro boston area
OGXMGEZuLAc-01148-00262983-00263158 fifteen other regional transit
OGXMGEZuLAc-01149-00263159-00263303 authorities provide public
OGXMGEZuLAc-01150-00263304-00263479 transportation in the form of bus
OGXMGEZuLAc-01151-00263480-00263719 services in the rest of the state
OGXMGEZuLAc-01152-00263720-00263910 two heritage railways are also in
OGXMGEZuLAc-01153-00263911-00264151 operation the cape cod central railroad
OGXMGEZuLAc-01154-00264152-00264710 and the berkshire scenic railway
OGXMGEZuLAc-01155-00264711-00265230 long-distance rail and bus
OGXMGEZuLAc-01156-00265231-00265487 amtrak operates intercity rail including
OGXMGEZuLAc-01157-00265488-00265687 the high-speed acela service to cities
OGXMGEZuLAc-01158-00265688-00265903 such as providence new haven new york
OGXMGEZuLAc-01159-00265904-00266119 city and washington d.c from south
OGXMGEZuLAc-01160-00266120-00266391 station from north station the amtrak
OGXMGEZuLAc-01161-00266392-00266575 downeaster serves portland maine and
OGXMGEZuLAc-01162-00266576-00266734 brunswick maine
OGXMGEZuLAc-01163-00266735-00266982 amtrak also runs east-west from boston
OGXMGEZuLAc-01164-00266983-00267191 south station to worcester springfield
OGXMGEZuLAc-01165-00267192-00267399 and eventually chicago illinois and
OGXMGEZuLAc-01166-00267400-00267575 north-south from the pioneer valley to
OGXMGEZuLAc-01167-00267576-00267830 new haven connecticut via hartford
OGXMGEZuLAc-01168-00267831-00268055 amtrak carries more passengers between
OGXMGEZuLAc-01169-00268056-00268247 boston and new york than all airlines
OGXMGEZuLAc-01170-00268248-00268543 combined about 54 of market share in
OGXMGEZuLAc-01171-00268544-00268782 2012 but has infrequent trips to other
OGXMGEZuLAc-01172-00268783-00268895 cities
OGXMGEZuLAc-01173-00268896-00269119 their more frequent intercity service is
OGXMGEZuLAc-01174-00269120-00269327 provided by private bus carriers
OGXMGEZuLAc-01175-00269328-00269510 including peter pan bus lines
OGXMGEZuLAc-01176-00269511-00269710 headquartered in springfield greyhound
OGXMGEZuLAc-01177-00269711-00269903 lines and bolt bus
OGXMGEZuLAc-01178-00269904-00270134 various chinatown bus lines depart for
OGXMGEZuLAc-01179-00270135-00270439 new york from south station in boston
OGXMGEZuLAc-01180-00270440-00270687 mbta commuter rail services run
OGXMGEZuLAc-01181-00270688-00270855 throughout the larger greater boston
OGXMGEZuLAc-01182-00270856-00271063 area including service to worcester
OGXMGEZuLAc-01183-00271064-00271230 lowell and plymouth
OGXMGEZuLAc-01184-00271231-00271439 this overlaps with the service areas of
OGXMGEZuLAc-01185-00271440-00271615 neighboring regional transportation
OGXMGEZuLAc-01186-00271616-00271910 authorities as of the summer of 2013 the
OGXMGEZuLAc-01187-00271911-00272127 cape cod regional transit authority in
OGXMGEZuLAc-01188-00272128-00272343 collaboration with the mbta and the
OGXMGEZuLAc-01189-00272344-00272495 massachusetts department of
OGXMGEZuLAc-01190-00272496-00272727 transportation massdot is operating the
OGXMGEZuLAc-01191-00272728-00272934 kappa flyer providing passenger rail
OGXMGEZuLAc-01192-00272935-00273143 service between boston and cape cod
OGXMGEZuLAc-01193-00273144-00273343 hartford springfield commuter rail is
OGXMGEZuLAc-01194-00273344-00273991 expected to begin operation in 2018.
OGXMGEZuLAc-01195-00273992-00274367 ferry
OGXMGEZuLAc-01196-00274368-00274558 the woods hole martha's vineyard and
OGXMGEZuLAc-01197-00274559-00274782 nantucket steamship authority regulates
OGXMGEZuLAc-01198-00274783-00274982 freight and passenger ferry service to
OGXMGEZuLAc-01199-00274983-00275175 the islands of massachusetts including
OGXMGEZuLAc-01200-00275176-00275799 martha's vineyard and nantucket
OGXMGEZuLAc-01201-00275800-00276206 rail freight
OGXMGEZuLAc-01202-00276207-00276479 as of 2015 a number of freight railroads
OGXMGEZuLAc-01203-00276480-00276743 were operating in massachusetts with csx
OGXMGEZuLAc-01204-00276744-00276943 being the largest carrier
OGXMGEZuLAc-01205-00276944-00277355 massachusetts has a total of 892 miles
OGXMGEZuLAc-01206-00277356-00277630 436 kilometers of freight trackage in
OGXMGEZuLAc-01207-00277631-00278087 operation
OGXMGEZuLAc-01208-00278088-00278510 air service
OGXMGEZuLAc-01209-00278511-00278734 the major airport in the state is boston
OGXMGEZuLAc-01210-00278735-00278991 logan international airport the airport
OGXMGEZuLAc-01211-00278992-00279367 served 33.5 million passengers in 2015
OGXMGEZuLAc-01212-00279368-00279734 up from 31.6 million in 2014 and is used
OGXMGEZuLAc-01213-00279735-00279951 by around 40 airlines with a total of
OGXMGEZuLAc-01214-00279952-00280143 103 gates
OGXMGEZuLAc-01215-00280144-00280367 logan international airport has service
OGXMGEZuLAc-01216-00280368-00280558 to numerous cities throughout the united
OGXMGEZuLAc-01217-00280559-00280775 states as well as international service
OGXMGEZuLAc-01218-00280776-00281063 to canada mexico brazil the caribbean
OGXMGEZuLAc-01219-00281064-00281239 europe and asia
OGXMGEZuLAc-01220-00281240-00281455 logan hanscom field in bedford and
OGXMGEZuLAc-01221-00281456-00281655 worcester regional airport are operated
OGXMGEZuLAc-01222-00281656-00281847 by massport an independent state
OGXMGEZuLAc-01223-00281848-00282063 transportation agency
OGXMGEZuLAc-01224-00282064-00282310 massachusetts has approximately 42
OGXMGEZuLAc-01225-00282311-00282543 public use airfields and over 200
OGXMGEZuLAc-01226-00282544-00282743 private landing spots
OGXMGEZuLAc-01227-00282744-00282927 some airports receive funding from the
OGXMGEZuLAc-01228-00282928-00283063 aeronautics division of the
OGXMGEZuLAc-01229-00283064-00283215 massachusetts department of
OGXMGEZuLAc-01230-00283216-00283430 transportation and the federal aviation
OGXMGEZuLAc-01231-00283431-00283663 administration the faa is also the
OGXMGEZuLAc-01232-00283664-00283887 primary regulator of massachusetts air
OGXMGEZuLAc-01233-00283888-00284327 travel
OGXMGEZuLAc-01234-00284328-00284719 roads
OGXMGEZuLAc-01235-00284720-00285167 there are a total of 31 300 miles 50 400
OGXMGEZuLAc-01236-00285168-00285358 kilometers of interstates and other
OGXMGEZuLAc-01237-00285359-00285575 highways in massachusetts
OGXMGEZuLAc-01238-00285576-00285830 interstate 90 i-90 also known as the
OGXMGEZuLAc-01239-00285831-00286047 massachusetts turnpike is the longest
OGXMGEZuLAc-01240-00286048-00286263 interstate in massachusetts
OGXMGEZuLAc-01241-00286264-00286623 the route travels 136 miles 219
OGXMGEZuLAc-01242-00286624-00286839 kilometers generally west to east
OGXMGEZuLAc-01243-00286840-00287023 entering massachusetts at the new york
OGXMGEZuLAc-01244-00287024-00287175 state line in the town of west
OGXMGEZuLAc-01245-00287176-00287358 stockbridge and passes just north of
OGXMGEZuLAc-01246-00287359-00287543 springfield just south of worcester and
OGXMGEZuLAc-01247-00287544-00287719 through framingham before terminating
OGXMGEZuLAc-01248-00287720-00287903 near logan international airport in
OGXMGEZuLAc-01249-00287904-00288015 boston
OGXMGEZuLAc-01250-00288016-00288271 other major interstates include i-91
OGXMGEZuLAc-01251-00288272-00288471 which travels generally north and south
OGXMGEZuLAc-01252-00288472-00288734 along the connecticut river i-93 which
OGXMGEZuLAc-01253-00288735-00288919 travels north and south through central
OGXMGEZuLAc-01254-00288920-00289103 boston then passes through methuen
OGXMGEZuLAc-01255-00289104-00289343 before entering new hampshire and i-95
OGXMGEZuLAc-01256-00289344-00289519 which connects providence rhode island
OGXMGEZuLAc-01257-00289520-00289719 with greater boston forming a partial
OGXMGEZuLAc-01258-00289720-00289967 loop concurrent with route 128 around
OGXMGEZuLAc-01259-00289968-00290134 the more urbanized areas before
OGXMGEZuLAc-01260-00290135-00290310 continuing north along the coast into
OGXMGEZuLAc-01261-00290311-00290482 new hampshire
OGXMGEZuLAc-01262-00290483-00290767 i-495 forms a wide loop around the outer
OGXMGEZuLAc-01263-00290768-00290958 edge of greater boston
OGXMGEZuLAc-01264-00290959-00291191 other major interstates in massachusetts
OGXMGEZuLAc-01265-00291192-00291791 include i-291 i-391 i-84 i-195 i-395
OGXMGEZuLAc-01266-00291792-00292054 i-290 and i-190
OGXMGEZuLAc-01267-00292055-00292239 major non-interstate highways in
OGXMGEZuLAc-01268-00292240-00292575 massachusetts include u.s routes 1 3 6
OGXMGEZuLAc-01269-00292576-00292927 and 20 and state routes 2 3 9 24 and
OGXMGEZuLAc-01270-00292928-00293110 128.
OGXMGEZuLAc-01271-00293111-00293303 a great majority of interstates in
OGXMGEZuLAc-01272-00293304-00293487 massachusetts were constructed during
OGXMGEZuLAc-01273-00293488-00293710 the mid-20th century and at times were
OGXMGEZuLAc-01274-00293711-00293927 controversial particularly the intent to
OGXMGEZuLAc-01275-00293928-00294127 route i-95 north-eastwards from
OGXMGEZuLAc-01276-00294128-00294319 providence rhode island directly through
OGXMGEZuLAc-01277-00294320-00294687 central boston first proposed in 1948.
OGXMGEZuLAc-01278-00294688-00294887 opposition to continued construction
OGXMGEZuLAc-01279-00294888-00295191 grew and in 1970 governor francis w
OGXMGEZuLAc-01280-00295192-00295406 sargent issued a general prohibition on
OGXMGEZuLAc-01281-00295407-00295606 most further freeway construction within
OGXMGEZuLAc-01282-00295607-00295951 the i-95 route 128 loop in the boston
OGXMGEZuLAc-01283-00295952-00296047 area
OGXMGEZuLAc-01284-00296048-00296287 a massive undertaking to bring i-93
OGXMGEZuLAc-01285-00296288-00296487 underground in downtown boston called
OGXMGEZuLAc-01286-00296488-00296679 the big dig brought the city's highway
OGXMGEZuLAc-01287-00296680-00296863 system under public scrutiny for its
OGXMGEZuLAc-01288-00296864-00297471 high cost and construction quality
OGXMGEZuLAc-01289-00297472-00297967 government and politics
OGXMGEZuLAc-01290-00297968-00298167 massachusetts has a long political
OGXMGEZuLAc-01291-00298168-00298375 history earlier political structures
OGXMGEZuLAc-01292-00298376-00298647 included the mayflower compact of 1620
OGXMGEZuLAc-01293-00298648-00298823 the separate massachusetts bay and
OGXMGEZuLAc-01294-00298824-00298999 plymouth colonies and the combined
OGXMGEZuLAc-01295-00299000-00299263 colonial province of massachusetts
OGXMGEZuLAc-01296-00299264-00299471 the massachusetts constitution was
OGXMGEZuLAc-01297-00299472-00299751 ratified in 1780 while the revolutionary
OGXMGEZuLAc-01298-00299752-00299975 war was in progress four years after the
OGXMGEZuLAc-01299-00299976-00300191 articles of confederation was drafted
OGXMGEZuLAc-01300-00300192-00300343 and eight years before the present
OGXMGEZuLAc-01301-00300344-00300567 united states constitution was ratified
OGXMGEZuLAc-01302-00300568-00300871 on june 21 1788
OGXMGEZuLAc-01303-00300872-00301119 drafted by john adams the massachusetts
OGXMGEZuLAc-01304-00301120-00301303 constitution is currently the oldest
OGXMGEZuLAc-01305-00301304-00301479 functioning written constitution in
OGXMGEZuLAc-01306-00301480-00301703 continuous effect in the world
OGXMGEZuLAc-01307-00301704-00301967 it has been amended 120 times most
OGXMGEZuLAc-01308-00301968-00302271 recently in 2000
OGXMGEZuLAc-01309-00302272-00302487 massachusetts politics since the second
OGXMGEZuLAc-01310-00302488-00302710 half of the 20th century have generally
OGXMGEZuLAc-01311-00302711-00302927 been dominated by the democratic party
OGXMGEZuLAc-01312-00302928-00303119 and the state has a reputation for being
OGXMGEZuLAc-01313-00303120-00303367 the most liberal state in the country
OGXMGEZuLAc-01314-00303368-00303671 in 1974 elaine noble became the first
OGXMGEZuLAc-01315-00303672-00303895 openly lesbian or gay candidate elected
OGXMGEZuLAc-01316-00303896-00304191 to a state legislature in u.s history
OGXMGEZuLAc-01317-00304192-00304375 the state housed the first openly gay
OGXMGEZuLAc-01318-00304376-00304558 member of the united states house of
OGXMGEZuLAc-01319-00304559-00304895 representatives jerry studs in 1972 and
OGXMGEZuLAc-01320-00304896-00305175 in 2004 massachusetts became the first
OGXMGEZuLAc-01321-00305176-00305743 state to allow same-sex marriage
OGXMGEZuLAc-01322-00305744-00306134 government
OGXMGEZuLAc-01323-00306135-00306310 the government of massachusetts is
OGXMGEZuLAc-01324-00306311-00306558 divided into three branches executive
OGXMGEZuLAc-01325-00306559-00306775 legislative and judicial
OGXMGEZuLAc-01326-00306776-00306982 the governor of massachusetts heads the
OGXMGEZuLAc-01327-00306983-00307199 executive branch duties of the governor
OGXMGEZuLAc-01328-00307200-00307439 include signing or vetoing legislation
OGXMGEZuLAc-01329-00307440-00307671 filling judicial and agency appointments
OGXMGEZuLAc-01330-00307672-00307863 granting pardons preparing an annual
OGXMGEZuLAc-01331-00307864-00308063 budget and commanding the massachusetts
OGXMGEZuLAc-01332-00308064-00308358 national guard massachusetts governors
OGXMGEZuLAc-01333-00308359-00308543 unlike those of most other states are
OGXMGEZuLAc-01334-00308544-00308775 addressed as his per excellency
OGXMGEZuLAc-01335-00308776-00308982 the current governor is charlie baker a
OGXMGEZuLAc-01336-00308983-00309254 republican from swampscott the executive
OGXMGEZuLAc-01337-00309255-00309454 branch also includes the executive
OGXMGEZuLAc-01338-00309455-00309615 council which is made up of eight
OGXMGEZuLAc-01339-00309616-00309799 elected councillors and the lieutenant
OGXMGEZuLAc-01340-00309800-00309958 governor seat which is currently
OGXMGEZuLAc-01341-00309959-00310206 occupied by karen polito abilities of
OGXMGEZuLAc-01342-00310207-00310351 the council include confirming
OGXMGEZuLAc-01343-00310352-00310510 gubernatorial appointments and
OGXMGEZuLAc-01344-00310511-00310703 certifying elections
OGXMGEZuLAc-01345-00310704-00310847 the massachusetts house of
OGXMGEZuLAc-01346-00310848-00311071 representatives and massachusetts senate
OGXMGEZuLAc-01347-00311072-00311215 comprise the legislature of
OGXMGEZuLAc-01348-00311216-00311439 massachusetts known as the massachusetts
OGXMGEZuLAc-01349-00311440-00311575 general court
OGXMGEZuLAc-01350-00311576-00311854 the house consists of 160 members while
OGXMGEZuLAc-01351-00311855-00312079 the senate has 40 members
OGXMGEZuLAc-01352-00312080-00312239 leaders of the house and senate are
OGXMGEZuLAc-01353-00312240-00312439 chosen by the members of those bodies
OGXMGEZuLAc-01354-00312440-00312606 the leader of the house is known as the
OGXMGEZuLAc-01355-00312607-00312775 speaker while the leader of the senate
OGXMGEZuLAc-01356-00312776-00312951 is known as the president
OGXMGEZuLAc-01357-00312952-00313119 each branch consists of several
OGXMGEZuLAc-01358-00313120-00313351 committees members of both bodies are
OGXMGEZuLAc-01359-00313352-00313567 elected to two-year terms the judicial
OGXMGEZuLAc-01360-00313568-00313758 branch is headed by the massachusetts
OGXMGEZuLAc-01361-00313759-00313975 supreme judicial court which serves over
OGXMGEZuLAc-01362-00313976-00314167 a number of lower courts
OGXMGEZuLAc-01363-00314168-00314382 the supreme judicial court is made up of
OGXMGEZuLAc-01364-00314383-00314575 a chief justice and six associate
OGXMGEZuLAc-01365-00314576-00314719 justices
OGXMGEZuLAc-01366-00314720-00314895 judicial appointments are made by the
OGXMGEZuLAc-01367-00314896-00315095 governor and confirmed by the executive
OGXMGEZuLAc-01368-00315096-00315287 council the congressional delegation
OGXMGEZuLAc-01369-00315288-00315454 from massachusetts is entirely
OGXMGEZuLAc-01370-00315455-00315599 democratic
OGXMGEZuLAc-01371-00315600-00315839 currently the u.s senators are democrats
OGXMGEZuLAc-01372-00315840-00316087 elizabeth warren and ed markey
OGXMGEZuLAc-01373-00316088-00316279 the members of the state's delegation to
OGXMGEZuLAc-01374-00316280-00316479 the u.s house of representatives are
OGXMGEZuLAc-01375-00316480-00316751 richard neal jim mcgovern nicki sangas
OGXMGEZuLAc-01376-00316752-00317023 joseph kennedy iii catherine clark seth
OGXMGEZuLAc-01377-00317024-00317287 moulton mike capuano stephen lynch and
OGXMGEZuLAc-01378-00317288-00317471 bill keating federal court cases are
OGXMGEZuLAc-01379-00317472-00317647 heard in the united states district
OGXMGEZuLAc-01380-00317648-00317847 court for the district of massachusetts
OGXMGEZuLAc-01381-00317848-00318006 and appeals are heard by the united
OGXMGEZuLAc-01382-00318007-00318182 states court of appeals for the first
OGXMGEZuLAc-01383-00318183-00318287 circuit
OGXMGEZuLAc-01384-00318288-00318582 in u.s presidential elections since 2012
OGXMGEZuLAc-01385-00318583-00318823 massachusetts has been allotted 11 votes
OGXMGEZuLAc-01386-00318824-00319023 in the electoral college out of a total
OGXMGEZuLAc-01387-00319024-00319223 of 538.
OGXMGEZuLAc-01388-00319224-00319423 like most states massachusetts's
OGXMGEZuLAc-01389-00319424-00319591 electoral votes are granted in a
OGXMGEZuLAc-01390-00319592-00320103 winner-take-all system
OGXMGEZuLAc-01391-00320104-00320510 politics
OGXMGEZuLAc-01392-00320511-00320695 throughout the mid-20th century
OGXMGEZuLAc-01393-00320696-00320903 massachusetts has gradually shifted from
OGXMGEZuLAc-01394-00320904-00321087 a republican-leaning state to one
OGXMGEZuLAc-01395-00321088-00321406 largely dominated by democrats the 1952
OGXMGEZuLAc-01396-00321407-00321639 victory of john f kennedy over incumbent
OGXMGEZuLAc-01397-00321640-00321879 senator henry cabot lodge jr is seen as
OGXMGEZuLAc-01398-00321880-00322015 a watershed moment in this
OGXMGEZuLAc-01399-00322016-00322158 transformation
OGXMGEZuLAc-01400-00322159-00322358 his younger brother edward m kennedy
OGXMGEZuLAc-01401-00322359-00322534 held that seat until his death from a
OGXMGEZuLAc-01402-00322535-00322775 brain tumor in 2009.
OGXMGEZuLAc-01403-00322776-00322943 massachusetts has since gained a
OGXMGEZuLAc-01404-00322944-00323127 reputation as being a politically
OGXMGEZuLAc-01405-00323128-00323319 liberal state and is often used as an
OGXMGEZuLAc-01406-00323320-00323534 archetype of modern liberalism hence the
OGXMGEZuLAc-01407-00323535-00323775 usage of the phrase massachusetts
OGXMGEZuLAc-01408-00323776-00324047 liberal massachusetts routinely votes
OGXMGEZuLAc-01409-00324048-00324239 for the democratic party with the core
OGXMGEZuLAc-01410-00324240-00324479 concentrations in the boston metro area
OGXMGEZuLAc-01411-00324480-00324647 the cape and islands and western
OGXMGEZuLAc-01412-00324648-00324934 massachusetts outside hampton county
OGXMGEZuLAc-01413-00324935-00325127 pockets of republican strength are in
OGXMGEZuLAc-01414-00325128-00325375 the central areas along the i-495
OGXMGEZuLAc-01415-00325376-00325599 crescent hampton county and communities
OGXMGEZuLAc-01416-00325600-00325775 on the south and north shores but the
OGXMGEZuLAc-01417-00325776-00325934 state as a whole has not given its
OGXMGEZuLAc-01418-00325935-00326151 electoral college votes to a republican
OGXMGEZuLAc-01419-00326152-00326358 in a presidential election since ronald
OGXMGEZuLAc-01420-00326359-00326630 reagan carried it in 1984.
OGXMGEZuLAc-01421-00326631-00326839 additionally massachusetts provided
OGXMGEZuLAc-01422-00326840-00327006 reagan with his smallest margins of
OGXMGEZuLAc-01423-00327007-00327287 victory in both the 1980 and 1984
OGXMGEZuLAc-01424-00327288-00327527 elections with nine u.s representatives
OGXMGEZuLAc-01425-00327528-00327710 and two senators all democrats
OGXMGEZuLAc-01426-00327711-00327919 massachusetts is the most populous state
OGXMGEZuLAc-01427-00327920-00328110 to be represented in the united states
OGXMGEZuLAc-01428-00328111-00328415 congress entirely by a single party
OGXMGEZuLAc-01429-00328416-00328678 as of the 2014 election the democratic
OGXMGEZuLAc-01430-00328679-00328895 party holds a significant majority over
OGXMGEZuLAc-01431-00328896-00329078 the republican party
OGXMGEZuLAc-01432-00329079-00329399 only 35 of the 160 seats in the state
OGXMGEZuLAc-01433-00329400-00329591 house and six of the 40 seats in the
OGXMGEZuLAc-01434-00329592-00329775 state senate belong to the republican
OGXMGEZuLAc-01435-00329776-00329958 party although republicans held the
OGXMGEZuLAc-01436-00329959-00330239 governor's office continuously from 1991
OGXMGEZuLAc-01437-00330240-00330558 to 2007 and from 2015 onwards they have
OGXMGEZuLAc-01438-00330559-00330751 been among the most moderate republican
OGXMGEZuLAc-01439-00330752-00330919 leaders in the nation
OGXMGEZuLAc-01440-00330920-00331158 in the 2004 election the state gave
OGXMGEZuLAc-01441-00331159-00331519 massachusetts senator john kerry 61.9
OGXMGEZuLAc-01442-00331520-00331695 of the vote his best showing in any
OGXMGEZuLAc-01443-00331696-00331799 state
OGXMGEZuLAc-01444-00331800-00332095 in 2008 president barack obama carried
OGXMGEZuLAc-01445-00332096-00332463 the state with 61.8 percent of the vote
OGXMGEZuLAc-01446-00332464-00332710 in the 2010 special election for the u.s
OGXMGEZuLAc-01447-00332711-00332934 senate republican scott brown defeated
OGXMGEZuLAc-01448-00332935-00333206 democrat martha coakley by a 52 percent
OGXMGEZuLAc-01449-00333207-00333495 to 47 margin only to lose the seat in
OGXMGEZuLAc-01450-00333496-00333727 the 2012 senate election to elizabeth
OGXMGEZuLAc-01451-00333728-00333927 warren the first female senator to
OGXMGEZuLAc-01452-00333928-00334127 represent massachusetts a number of
OGXMGEZuLAc-01453-00334128-00334351 contemporary national political issues
OGXMGEZuLAc-01454-00334352-00334510 have been influenced by events in
OGXMGEZuLAc-01455-00334511-00334710 massachusetts such as the decision in
OGXMGEZuLAc-01456-00334711-00334991 2003 by the state supreme judicial court
OGXMGEZuLAc-01457-00334992-00335254 allowing same-sex marriage and a 2006
OGXMGEZuLAc-01458-00335255-00335447 bill which mandated health insurance for
OGXMGEZuLAc-01459-00335448-00335615 all bay staters
OGXMGEZuLAc-01460-00335616-00335903 in 2008 massachusetts voters passed an
OGXMGEZuLAc-01461-00335904-00336103 initiative decriminalizing possession of
OGXMGEZuLAc-01462-00336104-00336310 small amounts of marijuana
OGXMGEZuLAc-01463-00336311-00336543 voters in massachusetts also approved a
OGXMGEZuLAc-01464-00336544-00336791 ballot measure in 2012 that legalized
OGXMGEZuLAc-01465-00336792-00337015 the medical use of marijuana
OGXMGEZuLAc-01466-00337016-00337182 following the approval of a ballot
OGXMGEZuLAc-01467-00337183-00337487 question endorsing legalization in 2016
OGXMGEZuLAc-01468-00337488-00337710 massachusetts began issuing licenses for
OGXMGEZuLAc-01469-00337711-00337910 the regulated sale of recreational
OGXMGEZuLAc-01470-00337911-00338167 marijuana in june 2018.
OGXMGEZuLAc-01471-00338168-00338358 the licensed sale of recreational
OGXMGEZuLAc-01472-00338359-00338678 marijuana became legal on july 1 2018.
OGXMGEZuLAc-01473-00338679-00338839 however the lack of state-approved
OGXMGEZuLAc-01474-00338840-00339063 testing facilities prevented the sale of
OGXMGEZuLAc-01475-00339064-00339567 any product for several weeks
OGXMGEZuLAc-01476-00339568-00340199 topic cities towns and counties
OGXMGEZuLAc-01477-00340200-00340471 there are 50 cities and 301 towns in
OGXMGEZuLAc-01478-00340472-00340791 massachusetts grouped into 14 counties
OGXMGEZuLAc-01479-00340792-00341039 the 14 counties moving roughly from west
OGXMGEZuLAc-01480-00341040-00341295 to east are berkshire franklin hampshire
OGXMGEZuLAc-01481-00341296-00341567 hampton worcester middlesex essex
OGXMGEZuLAc-01482-00341568-00341799 suffolk norfolk bristol plymouth
OGXMGEZuLAc-01483-00341800-00342071 barnstable dukes and nantucket
OGXMGEZuLAc-01484-00342072-00342319 11 communities which call themselves
OGXMGEZuLAc-01485-00342320-00342623 towns are by law cities since they have
OGXMGEZuLAc-01486-00342624-00342775 traded the town meeting form of
OGXMGEZuLAc-01487-00342776-00342934 government for a mayor council or
OGXMGEZuLAc-01488-00342935-00343158 manager council form boston is the state
OGXMGEZuLAc-01489-00343159-00343310 capital and largest city in
OGXMGEZuLAc-01490-00343311-00343471 massachusetts
OGXMGEZuLAc-01491-00343472-00343867 the population of the city proper is 673
OGXMGEZuLAc-01492-00343868-00344103 1184 and greater boston with a
OGXMGEZuLAc-01493-00344104-00344419 population of
OGXMGEZuLAc-01494-00344420-00344727 4628910 is the 10th largest metropolitan
OGXMGEZuLAc-01495-00344728-00344895 area in the nation
OGXMGEZuLAc-01496-00344896-00345143 other cities with a population over 100
OGXMGEZuLAc-01497-00345144-00345358 thousand include worcester springfield
OGXMGEZuLAc-01498-00345359-00345551 lowell and cambridge
OGXMGEZuLAc-01499-00345552-00345767 plymouth is the largest municipality in
OGXMGEZuLAc-01500-00345768-00345958 the state by land area followed by
OGXMGEZuLAc-01501-00345959-00346158 middleborough massachusetts along with
OGXMGEZuLAc-01502-00346159-00346334 the five other new england states
OGXMGEZuLAc-01503-00346335-00346478 features the local governmental
OGXMGEZuLAc-01504-00346479-00346734 structure known as the new england town
OGXMGEZuLAc-01505-00346735-00347023 in this structure incorporated towns as
OGXMGEZuLAc-01506-00347024-00347263 opposed to townships or counties hold
OGXMGEZuLAc-01507-00347264-00347478 many of the responsibilities and powers
OGXMGEZuLAc-01508-00347479-00347647 of local government
OGXMGEZuLAc-01509-00347648-00347806 most of the county governments were
OGXMGEZuLAc-01510-00347807-00348023 abolished by the state of massachusetts
OGXMGEZuLAc-01511-00348024-00348295 beginning in 1997 including middlesex
OGXMGEZuLAc-01512-00348296-00348495 county the largest county in the state
OGXMGEZuLAc-01513-00348496-00348654 by population
OGXMGEZuLAc-01514-00348655-00348854 the voters of these now-defunct counties
OGXMGEZuLAc-01515-00348855-00349054 elect only sheriffs and registers of
OGXMGEZuLAc-01516-00349055-00349199 deeds who are part of the state
OGXMGEZuLAc-01517-00349200-00349319 government
OGXMGEZuLAc-01518-00349320-00349534 other counties have been reorganized and
OGXMGEZuLAc-01519-00349535-00349806 a few still retain county councils
OGXMGEZuLAc-01520-00349807-00350030 topic arts culture and recreation
OGXMGEZuLAc-01521-00350031-00350206 massachusetts has contributed to
OGXMGEZuLAc-01522-00350207-00350423 american arts and culture
OGXMGEZuLAc-01523-00350424-00350599 drawing from its native american and
OGXMGEZuLAc-01524-00350600-00350815 yankee roots along with later immigrant
OGXMGEZuLAc-01525-00350816-00351006 groups massachusetts has produced a
OGXMGEZuLAc-01526-00351007-00351319 number of writers artists and musicians
OGXMGEZuLAc-01527-00351320-00351534 a number of major museums and important
OGXMGEZuLAc-01528-00351535-00351775 historical sites are also located there
OGXMGEZuLAc-01529-00351776-00351951 and events and festivals throughout the
OGXMGEZuLAc-01530-00351952-00352151 year celebrate the state's history and
OGXMGEZuLAc-01531-00352152-00352358 heritage massachusetts was an early
OGXMGEZuLAc-01532-00352359-00352551 center of the transcendentalist movement
OGXMGEZuLAc-01533-00352552-00352806 which emphasized intuition emotion human
OGXMGEZuLAc-01534-00352807-00353006 individuality and a deeper connection
OGXMGEZuLAc-01535-00353007-00353143 with nature
OGXMGEZuLAc-01536-00353144-00353351 ralph waldo emerson who was born in
OGXMGEZuLAc-01537-00353352-00353567 boston but spent much of his later life
OGXMGEZuLAc-01538-00353568-00353743 in concord largely created the
OGXMGEZuLAc-01539-00353744-00354030 philosophy with his 1836 work nature and
OGXMGEZuLAc-01540-00354031-00354191 continued to be a key figure in the
OGXMGEZuLAc-01541-00354192-00354439 movement for the remainder of his life
OGXMGEZuLAc-01542-00354440-00354687 emerson's friend henry david thoreau who
OGXMGEZuLAc-01543-00354688-00354903 was also involved in transcendentalism
OGXMGEZuLAc-01544-00354904-00355110 recorded his year spent alone in a small
OGXMGEZuLAc-01545-00355111-00355423 cabin at nearby walden pond in the 1854
OGXMGEZuLAc-01546-00355424-00355647 work walden or life in the woods other
OGXMGEZuLAc-01547-00355648-00355847 famous authors and poets born or
OGXMGEZuLAc-01548-00355848-00356078 strongly associated with massachusetts
OGXMGEZuLAc-01549-00356079-00356310 include nathaniel hawthorne john updike
OGXMGEZuLAc-01550-00356311-00356503 emily dickinson henry wadsworth
OGXMGEZuLAc-01551-00356504-00356695 longfellow e.e
OGXMGEZuLAc-01552-00356696-00356951 cummings sylvia plath hp
OGXMGEZuLAc-01553-00356952-00357206 lovecraft edgar allan poe and theater
OGXMGEZuLAc-01554-00357207-00357519 seuss geisel better known as dr seuss
OGXMGEZuLAc-01555-00357520-00357719 famous painters from massachusetts
OGXMGEZuLAc-01556-00357720-00357895 include winslow homer and norman
OGXMGEZuLAc-01557-00357896-00358095 rockwell many of the latter's works are
OGXMGEZuLAc-01558-00358096-00358303 on display at the norman rockwell museum
OGXMGEZuLAc-01559-00358304-00358447 in stockbridge
OGXMGEZuLAc-01560-00358448-00358647 massachusetts is also an important
OGXMGEZuLAc-01561-00358648-00358878 center for the performing arts both the
OGXMGEZuLAc-01562-00358879-00359087 boston symphony orchestra and boston
OGXMGEZuLAc-01563-00359088-00359230 pops orchestra are based in
OGXMGEZuLAc-01564-00359231-00359391 massachusetts
OGXMGEZuLAc-01565-00359392-00359599 other orchestras in massachusetts
OGXMGEZuLAc-01566-00359600-00359815 include the cape cod symphony orchestra
OGXMGEZuLAc-01567-00359816-00360023 in barnstable the new bedford symphony
OGXMGEZuLAc-01568-00360024-00360263 orchestra 6 and the springfield symphony
OGXMGEZuLAc-01569-00360264-00360391 orchestra
OGXMGEZuLAc-01570-00360392-00360639 tanglewood in western massachusetts is a
OGXMGEZuLAc-01571-00360640-00360823 music venue that is home to both the
OGXMGEZuLAc-01572-00360824-00361047 tanglewood music festival and tanglewood
OGXMGEZuLAc-01573-00361048-00361271 jazz festival as well as the summer host
OGXMGEZuLAc-01574-00361272-00361487 for the boston symphony orchestra other
OGXMGEZuLAc-01575-00361488-00361630 performing arts and theatre
OGXMGEZuLAc-01576-00361631-00361847 organizations in massachusetts include
OGXMGEZuLAc-01577-00361848-00362103 the boston ballet the boston lyric opera
OGXMGEZuLAc-01578-00362104-00362271 and the lenox-based shakespeare and
OGXMGEZuLAc-01579-00362272-00362391 company
OGXMGEZuLAc-01580-00362392-00362623 in addition to classical and folk music
OGXMGEZuLAc-01581-00362624-00362854 massachusetts has produced musicians and
OGXMGEZuLAc-01582-00362855-00363063 bands spanning a number of contemporary
OGXMGEZuLAc-01583-00363064-00363295 genres such as the classic rock band
OGXMGEZuLAc-01584-00363296-00363527 aerosmith the prota punk band the modern
OGXMGEZuLAc-01585-00363528-00363734 lovers the new wave band the cars and
OGXMGEZuLAc-01586-00363735-00363999 the alternative rock band pixies
OGXMGEZuLAc-01587-00364000-00364175 film events in the state include the
OGXMGEZuLAc-01588-00364176-00364375 boston film festival the boston
OGXMGEZuLAc-01589-00364376-00364591 international film festival and a number
OGXMGEZuLAc-01590-00364592-00364799 of smaller film festivals in various
OGXMGEZuLAc-01591-00364800-00365030 cities throughout massachusetts
OGXMGEZuLAc-01592-00365031-00365247 massachusetts is home to a large number
OGXMGEZuLAc-01593-00365248-00365503 of museums and historical sites
OGXMGEZuLAc-01594-00365504-00365734 the museum of fine arts boston the
OGXMGEZuLAc-01595-00365735-00365975 institute of contemporary art boston and
OGXMGEZuLAc-01596-00365976-00366167 the decardova contemporary art and
OGXMGEZuLAc-01597-00366168-00366351 sculpture museum in lincoln are all
OGXMGEZuLAc-01598-00366352-00366543 located within massachusetts and the
OGXMGEZuLAc-01599-00366544-00366782 maria mitchell association in nantucket
OGXMGEZuLAc-01600-00366783-00367015 includes several observatories museums
OGXMGEZuLAc-01601-00367016-00367167 and an aquarium
OGXMGEZuLAc-01602-00367168-00367391 historically themed museums and sites
OGXMGEZuLAc-01603-00367392-00367599 such as the springfield armory national
OGXMGEZuLAc-01604-00367600-00367823 historic site in springfield boston's
OGXMGEZuLAc-01605-00367824-00368023 freedom trail and nearby minuteman
OGXMGEZuLAc-01606-00368024-00368239 national historical park both of which
OGXMGEZuLAc-01607-00368240-00368415 preserve a number of sites important
OGXMGEZuLAc-01608-00368416-00368599 during the american revolution the
OGXMGEZuLAc-01609-00368600-00368806 lowell national historical park which
OGXMGEZuLAc-01610-00368807-00368999 focuses on some of the earliest mills
OGXMGEZuLAc-01611-00369000-00369199 and canals of the industrial revolution
OGXMGEZuLAc-01612-00369200-00369415 in the u.s the black heritage trail in
OGXMGEZuLAc-01613-00369416-00369591 boston which includes important
OGXMGEZuLAc-01614-00369592-00369815 african-american and abolitionist sites
OGXMGEZuLAc-01615-00369816-00370006 in boston and the new bedford whaling
OGXMGEZuLAc-01616-00370007-00370230 national historical park all showcase
OGXMGEZuLAc-01617-00370231-00370423 various periods of massachusetts's
OGXMGEZuLAc-01618-00370424-00370543 history
OGXMGEZuLAc-01619-00370544-00370751 plymouth plantation and old sturbridge
OGXMGEZuLAc-01620-00370752-00370951 village are two open-air or living
OGXMGEZuLAc-01621-00370952-00371206 museums in massachusetts recreating life
OGXMGEZuLAc-01622-00371207-00371439 as it was in the 17th and early 19th
OGXMGEZuLAc-01623-00371440-00371678 centuries respectively boston's annual
OGXMGEZuLAc-01624-00371679-00371830 saint patrick's day parade and
OGXMGEZuLAc-01625-00371831-00372063 harborfest a week-long fourth of july
OGXMGEZuLAc-01626-00372064-00372254 celebration featuring a fireworks
OGXMGEZuLAc-01627-00372255-00372478 display and concert by the boston pops
OGXMGEZuLAc-01628-00372479-00372695 as well as a turnaround cruise in boston
OGXMGEZuLAc-01629-00372696-00372919 harbor by the uss constitution are
OGXMGEZuLAc-01630-00372920-00373078 popular events
OGXMGEZuLAc-01631-00373079-00373278 the new england summer nationals and
OGXMGEZuLAc-01632-00373279-00373478 auto show in worcester draws tens of
OGXMGEZuLAc-01633-00373479-00373719 thousands of attendees every year
OGXMGEZuLAc-01634-00373720-00373951 the boston marathon is also a popular
OGXMGEZuLAc-01635-00373952-00374167 event in the state drawing more than 30
OGXMGEZuLAc-01636-00374168-00374358 000 runners and tens of thousands of
OGXMGEZuLAc-01637-00374359-00374591 spectators annually long-distance hiking
OGXMGEZuLAc-01638-00374592-00374782 trails in massachusetts include the
OGXMGEZuLAc-01639-00374783-00374975 appalachian trail the new england
OGXMGEZuLAc-01640-00374976-00375175 national scenic trail the metacomet
OGXMGEZuLAc-01641-00375176-00375399 monadnock trail the midstate trail and
OGXMGEZuLAc-01642-00375400-00375582 the bay circuit trail
OGXMGEZuLAc-01643-00375583-00375815 other outdoor recreational activities in
OGXMGEZuLAc-01644-00375816-00376006 massachusetts include sailing and
OGXMGEZuLAc-01645-00376007-00376230 yachting freshwater and deep sea fishing
OGXMGEZuLAc-01646-00376231-00376391 whale watching downhill and
OGXMGEZuLAc-01647-00376392-00376630 cross-country skiing and hunting
OGXMGEZuLAc-01648-00376631-00376806 topic media there are two major
OGXMGEZuLAc-01649-00376807-00377015 television media markets located in
OGXMGEZuLAc-01650-00377016-00377175 massachusetts
OGXMGEZuLAc-01651-00377176-00377375 the boston manchester market is the
OGXMGEZuLAc-01652-00377376-00377630 fifth largest in the united states
OGXMGEZuLAc-01653-00377631-00377775 the other market surrounds the
OGXMGEZuLAc-01654-00377776-00377971 springfield area
OGXMGEZuLAc-01655-00377972-00378254 wgbh-tv in boston is a major public
OGXMGEZuLAc-01656-00378255-00378495 television station and produces national
OGXMGEZuLAc-01657-00378496-00378719 programs such as nova frontline and
OGXMGEZuLAc-01658-00378720-00378943 american experience the boston globe
OGXMGEZuLAc-01659-00378944-00379175 boston herald springfield republican and
OGXMGEZuLAc-01660-00379176-00379351 the worcester telegram and gazette are
OGXMGEZuLAc-01661-00379352-00379671 massachusetts's largest daily newspapers
OGXMGEZuLAc-01662-00379672-00379854 in addition there are many community
OGXMGEZuLAc-01663-00379855-00380071 dailies and weeklies there are a number
OGXMGEZuLAc-01664-00380072-00380327 of major am and fm stations which serve
OGXMGEZuLAc-01665-00380328-00380510 massachusetts along with many more
OGXMGEZuLAc-01666-00380511-00380799 regional and community-based stations
OGXMGEZuLAc-01667-00380800-00381023 some colleges and universities also
OGXMGEZuLAc-01668-00381024-00381230 operate campus television and radio
OGXMGEZuLAc-01669-00381231-00381502 stations and print their own newspapers
OGXMGEZuLAc-01670-00381503-00381710 topic health massachusetts generally
OGXMGEZuLAc-01671-00381711-00381927 ranks highly among states in most health
OGXMGEZuLAc-01672-00381928-00382175 and disease prevention categories
OGXMGEZuLAc-01673-00382176-00382447 in 2015 the united health foundation
OGXMGEZuLAc-01674-00382448-00382606 ranked the state as third healthiest
OGXMGEZuLAc-01675-00382607-00382734 overall
OGXMGEZuLAc-01676-00382735-00382951 massachusetts has the most doctors per
OGXMGEZuLAc-01677-00382952-00383199 100 000 residents the second lowest
OGXMGEZuLAc-01678-00383200-00383382 infant mortality rate and the lowest
OGXMGEZuLAc-01679-00383383-00383575 percentage of uninsured residents for
OGXMGEZuLAc-01680-00383576-00383734 both children as well as the total
OGXMGEZuLAc-01681-00383735-00383878 population
OGXMGEZuLAc-01682-00383879-00384071 according to businessweek commonwealth
OGXMGEZuLAc-01683-00384072-00384223 residents have an average life
OGXMGEZuLAc-01684-00384224-00384502 expectancy of 80.41 years the fifth
OGXMGEZuLAc-01685-00384503-00384706 longest in the country
OGXMGEZuLAc-01686-00384707-00384958 37.2 percent of the population is
OGXMGEZuLAc-01687-00384959-00385206 overweight and 21.7
OGXMGEZuLAc-01688-00385207-00385439 is obese and massachusetts ranks sixth
OGXMGEZuLAc-01689-00385440-00385623 highest in the percentage of residents
OGXMGEZuLAc-01690-00385624-00385815 who are considered neither obese nor
OGXMGEZuLAc-01691-00385816-00386095 overweight 41.1 percent
OGXMGEZuLAc-01692-00386096-00386327 massachusetts also ranks above average
OGXMGEZuLAc-01693-00386328-00386495 in the prevalence of binge drinking
OGXMGEZuLAc-01694-00386496-00386767 which is the 20th highest in the country
OGXMGEZuLAc-01695-00386768-00386975 the nation's first marine hospital was
OGXMGEZuLAc-01696-00386976-00387182 erected by federal order in boston in
OGXMGEZuLAc-01697-00387183-00387367 1799.
OGXMGEZuLAc-01698-00387368-00387630 there are currently a total of 143
OGXMGEZuLAc-01699-00387631-00387815 hospitals in the state
OGXMGEZuLAc-01700-00387816-00388095 according to 2015 rankings by u.s news
OGXMGEZuLAc-01701-00388096-00388327 and world report massachusetts general
OGXMGEZuLAc-01702-00388328-00388527 hospital the hospital ranked in the top
OGXMGEZuLAc-01703-00388528-00388734 three in two specialties
OGXMGEZuLAc-01704-00388735-00388943 massachusetts general was founded in
OGXMGEZuLAc-01705-00388944-00389199 1811 and serves as the largest teaching
OGXMGEZuLAc-01706-00389200-00389430 hospital for nearby harvard university
OGXMGEZuLAc-01707-00389431-00389630 the state of massachusetts is a center
OGXMGEZuLAc-01708-00389631-00389823 for medical education and research
OGXMGEZuLAc-01709-00389824-00390015 including harvard's brigham and women's
OGXMGEZuLAc-01710-00390016-00390239 hospital beth israel deaconess medical
OGXMGEZuLAc-01711-00390240-00390471 center and dana farber cancer institute
OGXMGEZuLAc-01712-00390472-00390647 as well as the new england baptist
OGXMGEZuLAc-01713-00390648-00390878 hospital tufts medical center and boston
OGXMGEZuLAc-01714-00390879-00391063 medical center which is the primary
OGXMGEZuLAc-01715-00391064-00391343 teaching hospital for boston university
OGXMGEZuLAc-01716-00391344-00391575 the university of massachusetts medical
OGXMGEZuLAc-01717-00391576-00391791 school is located in worcester the
OGXMGEZuLAc-01718-00391792-00391999 massachusetts college of pharmacy and
OGXMGEZuLAc-01719-00392000-00392199 health sciences has two of its three
OGXMGEZuLAc-01720-00392200-00392871 campuses in boston and worcester
OGXMGEZuLAc-01721-00392872-00393287 sports
OGXMGEZuLAc-01722-00393288-00393502 massachusetts is home to five major
OGXMGEZuLAc-01723-00393503-00393775 league professional sports teams 17-time
OGXMGEZuLAc-01724-00393776-00394047 nba champions boston celtics nine-time
OGXMGEZuLAc-01725-00394048-00394295 world series winners boston red sox
OGXMGEZuLAc-01726-00394296-00394502 six-time stanley cup winners boston
OGXMGEZuLAc-01727-00394503-00394734 bruins and five-time super bowl winners
OGXMGEZuLAc-01728-00394735-00394919 new england patriots
OGXMGEZuLAc-01729-00394920-00395127 the new england revolution is the major
OGXMGEZuLAc-01730-00395128-00395334 league soccer team for massachusetts and
OGXMGEZuLAc-01731-00395335-00395519 the boston canons are the major league
OGXMGEZuLAc-01732-00395520-00395663 lacrosse team
OGXMGEZuLAc-01733-00395664-00395839 the boston breakers were the women's
OGXMGEZuLAc-01734-00395840-00396087 professional soccer in massachusetts
OGXMGEZuLAc-01735-00396088-00396287 massachusetts is also the home of the
OGXMGEZuLAc-01736-00396288-00396527 cape cod baseball league
OGXMGEZuLAc-01737-00396528-00396751 in the late 19th century the olympic
OGXMGEZuLAc-01738-00396752-00396975 sports of basketball and volleyball were
OGXMGEZuLAc-01739-00396976-00397158 invented in the western massachusetts
OGXMGEZuLAc-01740-00397159-00397343 cities of springfield and holyoke
OGXMGEZuLAc-01741-00397344-00397487 respectively
OGXMGEZuLAc-01742-00397488-00397719 the basketball hall of fame is a major
OGXMGEZuLAc-01743-00397720-00397902 tourist destination in the city of
OGXMGEZuLAc-01744-00397903-00398078 springfield and the volleyball hall of
OGXMGEZuLAc-01745-00398079-00398310 fame is located in holyoke
OGXMGEZuLAc-01746-00398311-00398575 the american hockey league all the nhl's
OGXMGEZuLAc-01747-00398576-00398767 development league is headquartered in
OGXMGEZuLAc-01748-00398768-00398958 springfield several universities in
OGXMGEZuLAc-01749-00398959-00399119 massachusetts are notable for their
OGXMGEZuLAc-01750-00399120-00399295 collegiate athletics
OGXMGEZuLAc-01751-00399296-00399495 the state is home to two division one
OGXMGEZuLAc-01752-00399496-00399767 fbs teams boston college of the atlantic
OGXMGEZuLAc-01753-00399768-00399999 coast conference and fbs independent
OGXMGEZuLAc-01754-00400000-00400287 university of massachusetts at amherst
OGXMGEZuLAc-01755-00400288-00400551 fcs play includes harvard university
OGXMGEZuLAc-01756-00400552-00400751 which competes in the famed ivy league
OGXMGEZuLAc-01757-00400752-00400919 and college of the holy cross of the
OGXMGEZuLAc-01758-00400920-00401071 patriot league
OGXMGEZuLAc-01759-00401072-00401271 boston university northeastern
OGXMGEZuLAc-01760-00401272-00401510 university umass lowell and merrimack
OGXMGEZuLAc-01761-00401511-00401743 college also participate in division 1
OGXMGEZuLAc-01762-00401744-00401878 athletics
OGXMGEZuLAc-01763-00401879-00402071 many other massachusetts colleges
OGXMGEZuLAc-01764-00402072-00402254 compete in lower divisions such as
OGXMGEZuLAc-01765-00402255-00402567 division iii where mit tufts university
OGXMGEZuLAc-01766-00402568-00402775 amherst college williams college and
OGXMGEZuLAc-01767-00402776-00403047 others field competitive teams
OGXMGEZuLAc-01768-00403048-00403271 massachusetts is also the home of rowing
OGXMGEZuLAc-01769-00403272-00403454 events such as the eastern sprints on
OGXMGEZuLAc-01770-00403455-00403615 lake quinsigamond and the head of the
OGXMGEZuLAc-01771-00403616-00403767 charles regatta
OGXMGEZuLAc-01772-00403768-00403999 a number of major golf events have taken
OGXMGEZuLAc-01773-00404000-00404215 place in massachusetts including nine
OGXMGEZuLAc-01774-00404216-00404430 u.s opens and two ryder cups
OGXMGEZuLAc-01775-00404431-00404623 massachusetts has produced several
OGXMGEZuLAc-01776-00404624-00404823 successful olympians including butch
OGXMGEZuLAc-01777-00404824-00405087 johnson todd richards albina ossipovic
OGXMGEZuLAc-01778-00405088-00405647 ali raisman and susan rodesowitz
OGXMGEZuLAc-01779-00405648-00406167 topic see also
OGXMGEZuLAc-01780-00406168-00406510 index of massachusetts-related articles
OGXMGEZuLAc-01781-00406511-00406991 outline of massachusetts
OGXMGEZuLAc-01782-00406992-00407519 topic references
OGXMGEZuLAc-01783-00407520-00408054 topic bibliography
OGXMGEZuLAc-01784-00408055-00408575 topic further reading
OGXMGEZuLAc-01785-00408576-00409127 topic overviews and surveys
OGXMGEZuLAc-01786-00409128-00409430 hall donald ed the encyclopedia of new
OGXMGEZuLAc-01787-00409431-00409663 england 2005
OGXMGEZuLAc-01788-00409664-00409903 works progress administration
OGXMGEZuLAc-01789-00409904-00410551 guide to massachusetts 1939
OGXMGEZuLAc-01790-00410552-00411022 secondary sources
OGXMGEZuLAc-01791-00411023-00411255 abrams richard m conservatism in a
OGXMGEZuLAc-01792-00411256-00411578 progressive era massachusetts politics
OGXMGEZuLAc-01793-00411579-00411903 1900-1912 1964
OGXMGEZuLAc-01794-00411904-00412126 adams james trusslow
OGXMGEZuLAc-01795-00412127-00412443 revolutionary new england
OGXMGEZuLAc-01796-00412443-00412766 1691-1776 1923
OGXMGEZuLAc-01797-00412767-00412991 adams james trusslow
OGXMGEZuLAc-01798-00412992-00413282 new england in the republic
OGXMGEZuLAc-01799-00413283-00413614 1776-1850 1926
OGXMGEZuLAc-01800-00413615-00413830 andrews charles m the fathers of new
OGXMGEZuLAc-01801-00413831-00414014 england a chronicle of the puritan
OGXMGEZuLAc-01802-00414015-00414366 commonwealths 1919 short survey
OGXMGEZuLAc-01803-00414367-00414647 conforti joseph a imagining new england
OGXMGEZuLAc-01804-00414647-00414863 explorations of regional identity from
OGXMGEZuLAc-01805-00414864-00415070 the pilgrims to the mid-20th century
OGXMGEZuLAc-01806-00415071-00415255 2001
OGXMGEZuLAc-01807-00415256-00415526 kumbler john t reasonable use the people
OGXMGEZuLAc-01808-00415527-00415703 the environment and the state new
OGXMGEZuLAc-01809-00415704-00415851 england
OGXMGEZuLAc-01810-00415852-00416278 1790-1930 1930 environmental history
OGXMGEZuLAc-01811-00416279-00416470 fisher david hackett
OGXMGEZuLAc-01812-00416471-00416982 paul revere's ride 1994 1775 in depth
OGXMGEZuLAc-01813-00416983-00417191 flag charles alcott a guide to
OGXMGEZuLAc-01814-00417192-00417478 massachusetts local history salem salem
OGXMGEZuLAc-01815-00417479-00417751 press company 1907
OGXMGEZuLAc-01816-00417752-00418055 green james r william f hartford and tom
OGXMGEZuLAc-01817-00418056-00418182 juravich
OGXMGEZuLAc-01818-00418183-00418391 commonwealth of toil chapters in the
OGXMGEZuLAc-01819-00418392-00418582 history of massachusetts workers and
OGXMGEZuLAc-01820-00418583-00418870 their unions 1996
OGXMGEZuLAc-01821-00418871-00419103 huthmacher j joseph
OGXMGEZuLAc-01822-00419104-00419435 massachusetts people and politics
OGXMGEZuLAc-01823-00419435-00419751 1919-1933 1958
OGXMGEZuLAc-01824-00419752-00419983 libere benjamin woods
OGXMGEZuLAc-01825-00419984-00420235 colonial massachusetts a history
OGXMGEZuLAc-01826-00420235-00420431 1979
OGXMGEZuLAc-01827-00420432-00420655 morrison samuel elliott
OGXMGEZuLAc-01828-00420656-00420879 the maritime history of massachusetts
OGXMGEZuLAc-01829-00420880-00421118 1783-1860
OGXMGEZuLAc-01830-00421119-00421327 1921
OGXMGEZuLAc-01831-00421328-00421559 pierce neil r the new england states
OGXMGEZuLAc-01832-00421560-00421807 people politics and power in the six new
OGXMGEZuLAc-01833-00421808-00422099 england states 1976
OGXMGEZuLAc-01834-00422100-00422335 1960-75 era
OGXMGEZuLAc-01835-00422335-00422566 porter susan l women of the commonwealth
OGXMGEZuLAc-01836-00422567-00422814 work family and social change in 19th
OGXMGEZuLAc-01837-00422815-00423166 century massachusetts 1996
OGXMGEZuLAc-01838-00423167-00423343 sletcher michael
OGXMGEZuLAc-01839-00423343-00423614 new england 2004
OGXMGEZuLAc-01840-00423615-00423814 starkey marion l the devil in
OGXMGEZuLAc-01841-00423815-00424214 massachusetts 1949 salem witches
OGXMGEZuLAc-01842-00424215-00424607 taeger jack and john w ifcovic eds
OGXMGEZuLAc-01843-00424608-00424847 massachusetts in the gilded age selected
OGXMGEZuLAc-01844-00424847-00425199 essays 1985 ethnic groups
OGXMGEZuLAc-01845-00425200-00425399 zimmermann joseph f
OGXMGEZuLAc-01846-00425400-00425631 the new england town meeting democracy
OGXMGEZuLAc-01847-00425632-00426263 in action 1999
OGXMGEZuLAc-01848-00426264-00426735 external links
OGXMGEZuLAc-01849-00426735-00426943 official website
OGXMGEZuLAc-01850-00426943-00427135 massachusetts office of travel and
OGXMGEZuLAc-01851-00427135-00427287 tourism
OGXMGEZuLAc-01852-00427288-00427455 massachusetts state guide from the
OGXMGEZuLAc-01853-00427456-00427670 library of congress
OGXMGEZuLAc-01854-00427671-00428060 massachusetts at curley
OHkfW9iVL04-00000-00000103-00000638 [Music]
OHkfW9iVL04-00001-00000639-00000840 welcome back to the feed cast your
OHkfW9iVL04-00002-00000841-00001053 weekly dose of economic thinking from
OHkfW9iVL04-00003-00001054-00001224 your friends at the foundation for
OHkfW9iVL04-00004-00001225-00001464 economic education my name is Richard
OHkfW9iVL04-00005-00001465-00001664 Lawrence and I'm here today with our
OHkfW9iVL04-00006-00001666-00001866 panel we are back from a week-long
OHkfW9iVL04-00007-00001867-00001980 hiatus
OHkfW9iVL04-00008-00001980-00002201 we've got Anna j and peril Dan Sanchez
OHkfW9iVL04-00009-00002202-00002372 and Maryanne March welcome everybody
OHkfW9iVL04-00010-00002373-00002538 fully fleshed out panel it feels like
OHkfW9iVL04-00011-00002539-00002667 it's been a long time since evolved in
OHkfW9iVL04-00012-00002668-00003174 the same room together and beautiful but
OHkfW9iVL04-00013-00003175-00003459 most importantly Dan's beard 2018
OHkfW9iVL04-00014-00003460-00003720 continues I'm reporting live from the
OHkfW9iVL04-00015-00003721-00003918 scene and he looks fantastic and now
OHkfW9iVL04-00016-00003919-00004071 we're in no shape November oh yeah
OHkfW9iVL04-00017-00004072-00004370 perfect so are there any plans at all to
OHkfW9iVL04-00018-00004371-00004626 dispense with the beard once November's
OHkfW9iVL04-00019-00004627-00004881 finished or maybe later probably the no
OHkfW9iVL04-00020-00004882-00005058 and when it gets warm again it okay yeah
OHkfW9iVL04-00021-00005059-00005469 well it looks great for insulation here
OHkfW9iVL04-00022-00005470-00005652 in Atlanta you know depends on the
OHkfW9iVL04-00023-00005653-00005793 season whether we actually need that or
OHkfW9iVL04-00024-00005794-00005919 not but this seems like it might be a
OHkfW9iVL04-00025-00005920-00006111 little bit of a cold winter yeah I think
OHkfW9iVL04-00026-00006112-00006342 so speaking of winter of course now we
OHkfW9iVL04-00027-00006343-00006612 are past Halloween I just took my
OHkfW9iVL04-00028-00006613-00006809 Halloween decorations down yesterday oh
OHkfW9iVL04-00029-00006811-00007044 boy it's been a little while well we had
OHkfW9iVL04-00030-00007045-00007179 the lights up front that we're not
OHkfW9iVL04-00031-00007180-00007373 specifically Halloween but they were
OHkfW9iVL04-00032-00007375-00007602 close enough so the orange kind of gave
OHkfW9iVL04-00033-00007603-00007743 it away a little bit but anyway we are
OHkfW9iVL04-00034-00007744-00008009 now fully halfway into November the
OHkfW9iVL04-00035-00008011-00008202 holidays are approaching very very
OHkfW9iVL04-00036-00008203-00008631 quickly I am going to have in-laws here
OHkfW9iVL04-00037-00008632-00008828 in Atlanta which is going to be awesome
OHkfW9iVL04-00038-00008829-00009243 and it also means the beginning of the
OHkfW9iVL04-00039-00009244-00009489 holiday shopping season is upon us
OHkfW9iVL04-00040-00009490-00009693 temptations are everywhere they are
OHkfW9iVL04-00041-00009694-00009984 coming at us fast and quick from you
OHkfW9iVL04-00042-00009985-00010139 know every direction online it seems
OHkfW9iVL04-00043-00010140-00010293 like Mary and I were just talking about
OHkfW9iVL04-00044-00010294-00010419 right before we started filming we're
OHkfW9iVL04-00045-00010420-00010599 just talking about hair curling irons
OHkfW9iVL04-00046-00010600-00010938 like I just season for buying yes for me
OHkfW9iVL04-00047-00010939-00011313 it is Black Friday has been around with
OHkfW9iVL04-00048-00011314-00011484 us for a couple weeks now at least I
OHkfW9iVL04-00049-00011485-00011619 keep getting emails about Black Friday
OHkfW9iVL04-00050-00011620-00011792 and I thought that was only one date
OHkfW9iVL04-00051-00011793-00011985 right after Thanksgiving but I suppose
OHkfW9iVL04-00052-00011986-00012060 it isn't anymore
OHkfW9iVL04-00053-00012061-00012231 they're trying I've heard reports though
OHkfW9iVL04-00054-00012232-00012542 that this holiday shopping season is not
OHkfW9iVL04-00055-00012543-00012681 going to be what it was in the past
OHkfW9iVL04-00056-00012682-00012992 really why is that I think a mixture of
OHkfW9iVL04-00057-00012993-00013163 things I think people are just used to
OHkfW9iVL04-00058-00013165-00013301 buying online we don't have these
OHkfW9iVL04-00059-00013302-00013553 special occasions that we go to the
OHkfW9iVL04-00060-00013554-00013785 malls for for anymore so
OHkfW9iVL04-00061-00013786-00014082 yeah Amazon was kind of punished by
OHkfW9iVL04-00062-00014083-00014469 investors by because it anticipated that
OHkfW9iVL04-00063-00014469-00014594 the holiday season will be a little bit
OHkfW9iVL04-00064-00014596-00014886 soft baked into the stock price a softer
OHkfW9iVL04-00065-00014887-00015132 holiday well they did not have a very
OHkfW9iVL04-00066-00015133-00015426 soft holiday at all in China the biggest
OHkfW9iVL04-00067-00015427-00015735 retailer there Alibaba for singles day
OHkfW9iVL04-00068-00015736-00016038 recently had quite a nice haul
OHkfW9iVL04-00069-00016038-00016446 yeah they there's a holiday called or at
OHkfW9iVL04-00070-00016447-00016617 least it's a marketing holiday called
OHkfW9iVL04-00071-00016618-00016851 singles day where single people are
OHkfW9iVL04-00072-00016852-00017034 supposed to console themselves by by
OHkfW9iVL04-00073-00017035-00017388 shopping online formally I'd known and
OHkfW9iVL04-00074-00017389-00017586 it was huge it was in the tens of
OHkfW9iVL04-00075-00017587-00017976 billions in a single day and Alibaba is
OHkfW9iVL04-00076-00017977-00018159 actually bigger than Amazon it's the
OHkfW9iVL04-00077-00018160-00018384 biggest online retailer in the world
OHkfW9iVL04-00078-00018385-00018591 yeah very cool people use it but you
OHkfW9iVL04-00079-00018592-00018810 don't use it right no I don't I've never
OHkfW9iVL04-00080-00018811-00019008 used it I want to now after Han told me
OHkfW9iVL04-00081-00019009-00019185 that story I was looking and there's
OHkfW9iVL04-00082-00019186-00019434 cheap beauty products over lady fake
OHkfW9iVL04-00083-00019435-00019716 eyelashes for two dollars so the real
OHkfW9iVL04-00084-00019717-00019844 question is do they also have an
OHkfW9iVL04-00085-00019845-00020121 english-language website yeah it was in
OHkfW9iVL04-00086-00020122-00020286 English I went on it so Google or
OHkfW9iVL04-00087-00020287-00020421 somebody worked that out for me Google
OHkfW9iVL04-00088-00020422-00020865 knows well for most of us for the rest
OHkfW9iVL04-00089-00020866-00021066 of us who you know might not be as
OHkfW9iVL04-00090-00021067-00021330 adventurous to go to Ali Baba's web site
OHkfW9iVL04-00091-00021331-00021630 we do have our favorite online real tip
OHkfW9iVL04-00092-00021631-00021854 retailer and that's Amazon of course
OHkfW9iVL04-00093-00021855-00022150 which I will be shopping through and
OHkfW9iVL04-00094-00022151-00022386 yeah oh I love Amazon and I used to be
OHkfW9iVL04-00095-00022387-00022560 like the biggest like a hater of it just
OHkfW9iVL04-00096-00022561-00022689 because the interface really frustrates
OHkfW9iVL04-00097-00022690-00022863 me that as an online shopper I just the
OHkfW9iVL04-00098-00022864-00022971 interface there's like eight different
OHkfW9iVL04-00099-00022972-00023163 types of fonts there's a bazillion links
OHkfW9iVL04-00100-00023164-00023262 I don't know where the photos are coming
OHkfW9iVL04-00101-00023263-00023447 from it was just very confusing but
OHkfW9iVL04-00102-00023448-00023594 honestly I have really gotten sucked in
OHkfW9iVL04-00103-00023595-00023754 lately as of the last like six months I
OHkfW9iVL04-00104-00023755-00023964 buy it if if I need anything I just
OHkfW9iVL04-00105-00023965-00024111 check if it's on Amazon now I don't even
OHkfW9iVL04-00106-00024112-00024279 I don't even check anywhere else I
OHkfW9iVL04-00107-00024280-00024522 literally buy everything from Amazon and
OHkfW9iVL04-00108-00024523-00024647 I think we were saying in a previous
OHkfW9iVL04-00109-00024648-00024789 feed cast that you could even if you
OHkfW9iVL04-00110-00024790-00025050 were so inclined buy yourself one of
OHkfW9iVL04-00111-00025051-00025319 those containers and make it a home like
OHkfW9iVL04-00112-00025320-00025527 they sell it as like a home like a
OHkfW9iVL04-00113-00025528-00025664 shipping container shipping container
OHkfW9iVL04-00114-00025666-00025736 yeah
OHkfW9iVL04-00115-00025737-00025915 know that I don't really I don't really
OHkfW9iVL04-00116-00025916-00026093 shop on Amazon I don't even have Amazon
OHkfW9iVL04-00117-00026094-00026261 Prime I'm one of those weirdos that's
OHkfW9iVL04-00118-00026262-00026414 insane to me you're missing so many good
OHkfW9iVL04-00119-00026414-00026570 TV shows if nothing else well our
OHkfW9iVL04-00120-00026570-00026735 producer Pablo was telling me that he
OHkfW9iVL04-00121-00026736-00026954 has Prime but he doesn't buy anything
OHkfW9iVL04-00122-00026955-00027056 from there and took me a second to
OHkfW9iVL04-00123-00027057-00027161 actually understand what he meant by
OHkfW9iVL04-00124-00027162-00027401 that he just watches the shows right but
OHkfW9iVL04-00125-00027402-00027524 even though you have the free two-day
OHkfW9iVL04-00126-00027525-00027779 delivery I guess whoever probably that's
OHkfW9iVL04-00127-00027780-00028031 really weird yeah this objective value
OHkfW9iVL04-00128-00028032-00028250 well I suppose that is true yeah well so
OHkfW9iVL04-00129-00028251-00028489 of course you know it's not only Amazon
OHkfW9iVL04-00130-00028491-00028687 season because that's where many of us
OHkfW9iVL04-00131-00028688-00029093 are getting our holiday gifts from not
OHkfW9iVL04-00132-00029094-00029498 all of us Lily calm I like a deal and
OHkfW9iVL04-00133-00029499-00029876 I'm sorry grandma like Lily I'm a target
OHkfW9iVL04-00134-00029877-00030062 girl I get I have my own target red card
OHkfW9iVL04-00135-00030063-00030293 so I get free shipping and it's cheaper
OHkfW9iVL04-00136-00030294-00030449 it's cheaper a lot times than Amazon so
OHkfW9iVL04-00137-00030450-00030870 yes I thought my knows that Amazon well
OHkfW9iVL04-00138-00030872-00031307 many US cities have had their noses some
OHkfW9iVL04-00139-00031308-00031505 that where Amazon his thumb their noses
OHkfW9iVL04-00140-00031506-00031739 at them let's say that because Amazon
OHkfW9iVL04-00141-00031739-00032087 just wrapped up a search for their
OHkfW9iVL04-00142-00032088-00032458 location of their vaunted HQ - they were
OHkfW9iVL04-00143-00032459-00032714 looking over 14 months across the u.s.
OHkfW9iVL04-00144-00032714-00033233 and Canada among 240 cities from where
OHkfW9iVL04-00145-00033234-00033371 they would cite their new headquarters
OHkfW9iVL04-00146-00033372-00033727 one of which is Atlanta one of us yeah
OHkfW9iVL04-00147-00033728-00034037 and Atlanta did not get it and we'll
OHkfW9iVL04-00148-00034038-00034220 talk a little bit about maybe some of
OHkfW9iVL04-00149-00034221-00034511 the good effects of that and here in a
OHkfW9iVL04-00150-00034512-00034712 moment but some other sort of factoids
OHkfW9iVL04-00151-00034713-00034967 about the 14 month search they were
OHkfW9iVL04-00152-00034968-00035156 looking for a location for of course
OHkfW9iVL04-00153-00035157-00035279 their second headquarters because
OHkfW9iVL04-00154-00035280-00035527 they're based out of Seattle and they
OHkfW9iVL04-00155-00035528-00035735 were identifying a location where they
OHkfW9iVL04-00156-00035736-00036115 could cite 50,000 high tech workers so
OHkfW9iVL04-00157-00036116-00036410 these are 100 hundred thousand plus jobs
OHkfW9iVL04-00158-00036411-00036593 that they were going to put into a
OHkfW9iVL04-00159-00036594-00036862 single location at first however what
OHkfW9iVL04-00160-00036863-00037082 ended up happening is that they selected
OHkfW9iVL04-00161-00037083-00037343 two locations they selected Crystal City
OHkfW9iVL04-00162-00037344-00037633 which is a neighborhood of Arlington
OHkfW9iVL04-00163-00037634-00037814 Virginia which is literally right across
OHkfW9iVL04-00164-00037815-00038060 the Potomac River from Washington DC a
OHkfW9iVL04-00165-00038061-00038365 very crowded place traffic wise which
OHkfW9iVL04-00166-00038366-00038474 will be interesting to see how they
OHkfW9iVL04-00167-00038475-00038813 tackle that they also selected Long
OHkfW9iVL04-00168-00038814-00039173 Island City which is close by to
OHkfW9iVL04-00169-00039174-00039377 Queens it's you know part of New York
OHkfW9iVL04-00170-00039378-00039611 metropolitan area and they are now going
OHkfW9iVL04-00171-00039612-00040015 to split their 50,000 new workforce that
OHkfW9iVL04-00172-00040016-00040193 they're citing there between those two
OHkfW9iVL04-00173-00040194-00040468 cities so about 25,000 in each place and
OHkfW9iVL04-00174-00040469-00040715 all this was done behind the scenes
OHkfW9iVL04-00175-00040716-00040937 similar to all the other bids
OHkfW9iVL04-00176-00040938-00041201 including Atlanta's and they've just
OHkfW9iVL04-00177-00041202-00041549 begun to now release the details of what
OHkfW9iVL04-00178-00041550-00041783 these various municipalities and states
OHkfW9iVL04-00179-00041784-00042002 were actually promising to Amazon were
OHkfW9iVL04-00180-00042003-00042215 they to locate in their respective
OHkfW9iVL04-00181-00042216-00042464 places the number I found was an
OHkfW9iVL04-00182-00042465-00042746 incentive package of a total of 3.4
OHkfW9iVL04-00183-00042747-00042923 billion between both New York and
OHkfW9iVL04-00184-00042924-00043183 Virginia so what do you mean by
OHkfW9iVL04-00185-00043184-00043408 incentive package there were
OHkfW9iVL04-00186-00043409-00043592 performance-based directed direct
OHkfW9iVL04-00187-00043593-00043985 incentives in New York of 1.5 billion of
OHkfW9iVL04-00188-00043986-00044324 295 million in Virginia
OHkfW9iVL04-00189-00044325-00044624 excuse me 573 million in Virginia for
OHkfW9iVL04-00190-00044625-00044821 performance-based direct incentives and
OHkfW9iVL04-00191-00044822-00045055 that's just so what are those - you mean
OHkfW9iVL04-00192-00045056-00045190 like tax breaks or do you mean like is
OHkfW9iVL04-00193-00045191-00045383 that what that means tax credits but
OHkfW9iVL04-00194-00045384-00045626 also cash grants so cash grants meaning
OHkfW9iVL04-00195-00045627-00045743 literally the city will just give them
OHkfW9iVL04-00196-00045744-00045992 money and also promises to beef up
OHkfW9iVL04-00197-00045993-00046289 infrastructure in the case of Crystal
OHkfW9iVL04-00198-00046290-00046481 City to have a connector bridge built
OHkfW9iVL04-00199-00046482-00046643 between the National Airport and the
OHkfW9iVL04-00200-00046644-00046817 city and that's part of that figure
OHkfW9iVL04-00201-00046818-00046961 that's part of that for 3.4 billion
OHkfW9iVL04-00202-00046962-00047111 right okay interesting
OHkfW9iVL04-00203-00047112-00047470 he said tax tax cuts cash grants what
OHkfW9iVL04-00204-00047471-00047599 else we're looking at I mean in terms of
OHkfW9iVL04-00205-00047600-00047705 I feel like some of those are kind of
OHkfW9iVL04-00206-00047706-00047879 different right we're talking about the
OHkfW9iVL04-00207-00047880-00048176 different benefits well be able to give
OHkfW9iVL04-00208-00048177-00048346 yeah so let's take a step back real
OHkfW9iVL04-00209-00048347-00048452 quick cuz I think this is an interesting
OHkfW9iVL04-00210-00048453-00048662 sort of way to introduce what actually
OHkfW9iVL04-00211-00048663-00048868 happens so from Atlanta's perspective
OHkfW9iVL04-00212-00048869-00049087 they just released the details of the
OHkfW9iVL04-00213-00049088-00049352 incentive package today it included
OHkfW9iVL04-00214-00049353-00049582 everything from direct cash grants from
OHkfW9iVL04-00215-00049583-00049961 tax breaks tax credits they were even
OHkfW9iVL04-00216-00049962-00050239 going to put a special Amazon executive
OHkfW9iVL04-00217-00050240-00050408 lounge together at the Atlanta Airport
OHkfW9iVL04-00218-00050409-00050590 they were going to have some sort of
OHkfW9iVL04-00219-00050591-00050939 dedicated Amazon Marta car on the train
OHkfW9iVL04-00220-00050940-00051139 that goes from the airport to the sunna
OHkfW9iVL04-00221-00051140-00051367 where else yeah pretty much - nowhere
OHkfW9iVL04-00222-00051369-00051664 else and in fact interesting story was I
OHkfW9iVL04-00223-00051665-00051967 read recently that the Amazon advance
OHkfW9iVL04-00224-00051969-00052129 team when they were coming from the
OHkfW9iVL04-00225-00052130-00052426 airport to the city ended up going on a
OHkfW9iVL04-00226-00052427-00052472 Marta
OHkfW9iVL04-00227-00052473-00052762 that broke down on its way sitting so
OHkfW9iVL04-00228-00052763-00052978 the truth comes out inauspicious
OHkfW9iVL04-00229-00052979-00053279 beginning to that examination but all
OHkfW9iVL04-00230-00053279-00053416 these you know it's interesting you know
OHkfW9iVL04-00231-00053417-00053549 you get the big numbers you get the
OHkfW9iVL04-00232-00053550-00053696 billions of dollars and millions of
OHkfW9iVL04-00233-00053697-00053899 dollars when it comes to these cash
OHkfW9iVL04-00234-00053900-00054094 incentives but then you also get these
OHkfW9iVL04-00235-00054095-00054278 interesting little you know things like
OHkfW9iVL04-00236-00054279-00054446 they were gonna open up a special
OHkfW9iVL04-00237-00054447-00054691 training academy for Amazon employees
OHkfW9iVL04-00238-00054692-00054962 here in Georgia and on that it actually
OHkfW9iVL04-00239-00054963-00055387 said cost incalculable slash TBD oh so
OHkfW9iVL04-00240-00055388-00055669 the number was just that great right up
OHkfW9iVL04-00241-00055670-00055823 later we'll make it up later fill in the
OHkfW9iVL04-00242-00055824-00056179 actual details but these are all in many
OHkfW9iVL04-00243-00056180-00056450 ways different tools inside the local
OHkfW9iVL04-00244-00056451-00056731 and state legislature toolbox for
OHkfW9iVL04-00245-00056732-00056948 attracting companies to their states
OHkfW9iVL04-00246-00056949-00057134 right I mean this this is not a new
OHkfW9iVL04-00247-00057135-00057391 thing Amazon just happens to be one of
OHkfW9iVL04-00248-00057392-00057671 the biggest entities that's ever looked
OHkfW9iVL04-00249-00057672-00057860 at getting these sorts of incentives so
OHkfW9iVL04-00250-00057861-00058057 the belle of the ball yeah except for
OHkfW9iVL04-00251-00058058-00058282 you you're a Zulily lady aside I'm not
OHkfW9iVL04-00252-00058283-00058397 gonna let you live that one they're
OHkfW9iVL04-00253-00058398-00058565 gonna overthrow the Amazonians any day
OHkfW9iVL04-00254-00058566-00058966 now zillions well and so there are a lot
OHkfW9iVL04-00255-00058967-00059107 of different opinions on this so we'll
OHkfW9iVL04-00256-00059108-00059240 get into this in a little bit there are
OHkfW9iVL04-00257-00059241-00059597 people who believe a that these tax
OHkfW9iVL04-00258-00059598-00059899 credits and incentives otherwise our
OHkfW9iVL04-00259-00059900-00060169 corporate welfare right so they believe
OHkfW9iVL04-00260-00060170-00060454 that well-placed people are gaming the
OHkfW9iVL04-00261-00060455-00060650 system getting special treatment from
OHkfW9iVL04-00262-00060651-00060821 legislators and politicians otherwise
OHkfW9iVL04-00263-00060822-00060962 and then there are people who believe
OHkfW9iVL04-00264-00060963-00061243 you know whenever there's a decrease in
OHkfW9iVL04-00265-00061244-00061472 the tax burden that the government
OHkfW9iVL04-00266-00061473-00061736 levies on a company or an individual
OHkfW9iVL04-00267-00061737-00061979 that that's that's just and that's fine
OHkfW9iVL04-00268-00061979-00062147 and so I want to get into that a little
OHkfW9iVL04-00269-00062148-00062418 bit here in a minute one of the
OHkfW9iVL04-00270-00062419-00062644 interesting pieces of information I want
OHkfW9iVL04-00271-00062645-00062924 to launch that with is my friend Michael
OHkfW9iVL04-00272-00062925-00063130 Ferran at the Mercatus Center based out
OHkfW9iVL04-00273-00063131-00063311 of George Mason University and his
OHkfW9iVL04-00274-00063312-00063442 colleague and Philpot they wrote
OHkfW9iVL04-00275-00063444-00063637 recently Amazon HQ to is the only
OHkfW9iVL04-00276-00063638-00063824 competition where the losers are winners
OHkfW9iVL04-00277-00063825-00064087 where the losers are winners and he's
OHkfW9iVL04-00278-00064088-00064235 basically they're arguing that because
OHkfW9iVL04-00279-00064236-00064466 of various things you know targeted
OHkfW9iVL04-00280-00064466-00064660 subsidies don't actually create growth
OHkfW9iVL04-00281-00064661-00064847 because they believe it's crony
OHkfW9iVL04-00282-00064848-00065090 capitalism and they provide a lot of
OHkfW9iVL04-00283-00065091-00065300 data that essentially says tax
OHkfW9iVL04-00284-00065301-00065467 incentives are not the reason that
OHkfW9iVL04-00285-00065468-00065701 companies select certain venues to put
OHkfW9iVL04-00286-00065702-00065847 their companies to open their offer
OHkfW9iVL04-00287-00065848-00066032 is they basically do it for every other
OHkfW9iVL04-00288-00066033-00066222 reason proximity to a highly-skilled
OHkfW9iVL04-00289-00066223-00066435 workforce and good public transit system
OHkfW9iVL04-00290-00066436-00066618 and Airport they can get you from coast
OHkfW9iVL04-00291-00066619-00066834 to coast and and elsewhere yeah this is
OHkfW9iVL04-00292-00066835-00067106 an example New Jersey offer to Amazon
OHkfW9iVL04-00293-00067107-00067301 five billion dollars with another two
OHkfW9iVL04-00294-00067302-00067554 billion from Newark and Maryland offered
OHkfW9iVL04-00295-00067555-00067872 eight point five billion yet Amazon
OHkfW9iVL04-00296-00067873-00068022 picked them both over to pick their
OHkfW9iVL04-00297-00068023-00068184 neighbors so it just goes to show that
OHkfW9iVL04-00298-00068185-00068355 it's not all about and that's like in
OHkfW9iVL04-00299-00068356-00068496 tax and that's in tax incentives and
OHkfW9iVL04-00300-00068497-00068754 things like that interesting and so it's
OHkfW9iVL04-00301-00068755-00069066 my opinion that I agree with with the
OHkfW9iVL04-00302-00069067-00069261 authors of the of the Mercatus piece
OHkfW9iVL04-00303-00069262-00069575 that it's crony capitalism but Dan you
OHkfW9iVL04-00304-00069576-00069719 and I were talking a little bit before
OHkfW9iVL04-00305-00069720-00069975 the program and you might have a little
OHkfW9iVL04-00306-00069976-00070110 bit of a different perspective and we'll
OHkfW9iVL04-00307-00070111-00070280 see if the fur flies here in a moment
OHkfW9iVL04-00308-00070281-00070813 yeah for me it's not so much about
OHkfW9iVL04-00309-00070814-00071188 equality as it is about justice so
OHkfW9iVL04-00310-00071189-00071387 there's this great quote from Murray
OHkfW9iVL04-00311-00071388-00071444 Rothbard
OHkfW9iVL04-00312-00071445-00071742 he says equality of unjust treatment can
OHkfW9iVL04-00313-00071743-00071955 never be upheld as an ideal of justice
OHkfW9iVL04-00314-00071956-00072168 therefore he who maintains that attacks
OHkfW9iVL04-00315-00072169-00072492 be imposed equally on all must first
OHkfW9iVL04-00316-00072493-00072731 establish the justice of the tax itself
OHkfW9iVL04-00317-00072732-00073055 and I think one way of thinking about
OHkfW9iVL04-00318-00073056-00073299 that is to think about other issues of
OHkfW9iVL04-00319-00073300-00073590 justice so for example drug prohibition
OHkfW9iVL04-00320-00073591-00073887 that you know a lot of libertarians we
OHkfW9iVL04-00321-00073888-00074237 think that drug prohibition is unjust so
OHkfW9iVL04-00322-00074238-00074460 let's compare let's say that there was
OHkfW9iVL04-00323-00074461-00074787 this rich neighborhood where maybe the
OHkfW9iVL04-00324-00074788-00075107 the people are friendly with the local
OHkfW9iVL04-00325-00075108-00075411 police and they never get busted for
OHkfW9iVL04-00326-00075412-00075675 their drug use and poor neighborhood
OHkfW9iVL04-00327-00075676-00076055 does and so along the lines of just like
OHkfW9iVL04-00328-00076056-00076230 well everyone needs to be equal and
OHkfW9iVL04-00329-00076231-00076425 nobody can can have special privilege
OHkfW9iVL04-00330-00076426-00076623 because of special relationships then
OHkfW9iVL04-00331-00076624-00076941 you might argue that okay well the the
OHkfW9iVL04-00332-00076942-00077186 rich people should be rated for drugs to
OHkfW9iVL04-00333-00077187-00077594 even it out but really it's it's the
OHkfW9iVL04-00334-00077595-00077799 fact that the the poor neighborhood
OHkfW9iVL04-00335-00077800-00078060 should be extended the the benefits of
OHkfW9iVL04-00336-00078061-00078488 of that and in the best case scenario or
OHkfW9iVL04-00337-00078489-00078885 in the but the worst case scenario would
OHkfW9iVL04-00338-00078886-00079128 be to equal it out towards injustice
OHkfW9iVL04-00339-00079129-00079304 well and so I agree
OHkfW9iVL04-00340-00079305-00079604 on the drug case for sure and in this
OHkfW9iVL04-00341-00079605-00079799 case I would say I actually agree as
OHkfW9iVL04-00342-00079800-00080080 well because here's the thing
OHkfW9iVL04-00343-00080081-00080350 III agree with Murray Rothbard with what
OHkfW9iVL04-00344-00080351-00080563 you said there that just because a tax
OHkfW9iVL04-00345-00080564-00080780 is spread equally or distributed equally
OHkfW9iVL04-00346-00080781-00080950 among everyone doesn't make it any more
OHkfW9iVL04-00347-00080951-00081161 just than it as if it were targeted or
OHkfW9iVL04-00348-00081162-00081406 whatever totally agree with that however
OHkfW9iVL04-00349-00081407-00081773 I think one of the things that and you
OHkfW9iVL04-00350-00081774-00081925 can pipe it I don't know if I agree
OHkfW9iVL04-00351-00081926-00082094 here's the thing
OHkfW9iVL04-00352-00082095-00082391 what from a policy standpoint you know
OHkfW9iVL04-00353-00082392-00082598 let's let's talk maybe a little bit
OHkfW9iVL04-00354-00082599-00082760 different from from justice although I
OHkfW9iVL04-00355-00082761-00082936 think it kind of hits on the same notes
OHkfW9iVL04-00356-00082937-00083234 what Michael Ferran and Ann Philpott
OHkfW9iVL04-00357-00083235-00083528 said here is using the average subsidy
OHkfW9iVL04-00358-00083529-00083888 that each of these states were promoting
OHkfW9iVL04-00359-00083889-00084215 to Amazon we estimate how much state
OHkfW9iVL04-00360-00084216-00084382 each each state could reduce its
OHkfW9iVL04-00361-00084383-00084515 corporate income tax over the life of
OHkfW9iVL04-00362-00084516-00084668 the subsidy so basically they're arguing
OHkfW9iVL04-00363-00084669-00084913 let's not target the benefit toward one
OHkfW9iVL04-00364-00084914-00085126 single company right so let's in the
OHkfW9iVL04-00365-00085127-00085300 same way let's not target one
OHkfW9iVL04-00366-00085301-00085507 neighborhood to enforce these drug laws
OHkfW9iVL04-00367-00085508-00085709 but let's actually from a policy
OHkfW9iVL04-00368-00085710-00085973 standpoint make the corporate income tax
OHkfW9iVL04-00369-00085974-00086204 lower across the board instead of just
OHkfW9iVL04-00370-00086205-00086429 for this new entrant who wants to cite
OHkfW9iVL04-00371-00086430-00086630 their office in your place they said
OHkfW9iVL04-00372-00086631-00086816 based on the average subsidy that was
OHkfW9iVL04-00373-00086817-00087050 offered to Amazon each of these states
OHkfW9iVL04-00374-00087051-00087188 could reduce their corporate income
OHkfW9iVL04-00375-00087189-00087688 taxes by 29% most strikingly three
OHkfW9iVL04-00376-00087689-00087842 states Colorado Maryland and North
OHkfW9iVL04-00377-00087843-00087986 Carolina could cut their corporate
OHkfW9iVL04-00378-00087987-00088322 income tax by 70% again this is this
OHkfW9iVL04-00379-00088323-00088541 comes down at this point to a policy
OHkfW9iVL04-00380-00088542-00088804 decision right do you want to have a
OHkfW9iVL04-00381-00088805-00089306 specialized tax break on a one company
OHkfW9iVL04-00382-00089307-00089435 in order to get them through the door
OHkfW9iVL04-00383-00089436-00089774 which again the evidence is unclear and
OHkfW9iVL04-00384-00089775-00089938 actually dubious that that actually
OHkfW9iVL04-00385-00089939-00090143 happens or from a policy standpoint
OHkfW9iVL04-00386-00090144-00090365 would you prefer to lower everybody's
OHkfW9iVL04-00387-00090366-00090650 taxes all across the board and from my
OHkfW9iVL04-00388-00090651-00090817 perspective that seems to be a much more
OHkfW9iVL04-00389-00090818-00091144 just outcome from attracting a company
OHkfW9iVL04-00390-00091145-00091367 instead of just targeting it's that
OHkfW9iVL04-00391-00091368-00091541 single company with this better policy
OHkfW9iVL04-00392-00091542-00091706 yeah well I want to I want to push back
OHkfW9iVL04-00393-00091707-00091898 on kind of your point Dan I think that's
OHkfW9iVL04-00394-00091899-00092075 how if we're using I feel like it's
OHkfW9iVL04-00395-00092076-00092216 sometimes a shaky comparison if we're
OHkfW9iVL04-00396-00092217-00092471 talking about a tax incentive so cutting
OHkfW9iVL04-00397-00092472-00092616 taxes
OHkfW9iVL04-00398-00092617-00092799 limiting the amount of taxes we take
OHkfW9iVL04-00399-00092800-00092967 from someone versus when you're talking
OHkfW9iVL04-00400-00092968-00093092 about drug law enforcement that's
OHkfW9iVL04-00401-00093093-00093236 putting resources on to of course
OHkfW9iVL04-00402-00093237-00093431 resources go into tax cuts but I'm
OHkfW9iVL04-00403-00093432-00093587 saying that's putting resources on to a
OHkfW9iVL04-00404-00093588-00093788 situation rather than removing removing
OHkfW9iVL04-00405-00093789-00093990 enforcement of something so if we talk
OHkfW9iVL04-00406-00093991-00094161 about if let's say there's a and you can
OHkfW9iVL04-00407-00094162-00094325 agree there's a there's a scarce or
OHkfW9iVL04-00408-00094326-00094574 limited number of police of time energy
OHkfW9iVL04-00409-00094575-00094763 money that we have to spend on drug law
OHkfW9iVL04-00410-00094764-00095034 enforcement I think the the Equality
OHkfW9iVL04-00411-00095035-00095196 component comes in where it says we're
OHkfW9iVL04-00412-00095197-00095490 spending 70% of our resources on 30% of
OHkfW9iVL04-00413-00095491-00095673 the neighborhood right verses and so
OHkfW9iVL04-00414-00095674-00095847 when I think about spreading or saying
OHkfW9iVL04-00415-00095848-00096062 like we should all be equally enforced
OHkfW9iVL04-00416-00096063-00096194 or this should be equal across the board
OHkfW9iVL04-00417-00096195-00096453 I'm picturing we need to take the same
OHkfW9iVL04-00418-00096454-00096609 amount of resources and make it equal
OHkfW9iVL04-00419-00096610-00096891 across the board you know we should yes
OHkfW9iVL04-00420-00096892-00097122 but raid but raid the other neighborhood
OHkfW9iVL04-00421-00097123-00097296 the poor neighborhood less right and
OHkfW9iVL04-00422-00097297-00097507 it's like if it's to me there's an
OHkfW9iVL04-00423-00097508-00097880 equity in or an equality in spreading
OHkfW9iVL04-00424-00097881-00098055 the resources evenly rather than
OHkfW9iVL04-00425-00098056-00098207 increasing or decreasing because it
OHkfW9iVL04-00426-00098208-00098405 because it does seem to me it seems in
OHkfW9iVL04-00427-00098406-00098612 just to say why does one neighborhood
OHkfW9iVL04-00428-00098613-00098772 get more of those resources were
OHkfW9iVL04-00429-00098773-00098961 negative resource would the fact that it
OHkfW9iVL04-00430-00098962-00099143 was more balance comfort you if you were
OHkfW9iVL04-00431-00099144-00099856 the victim of the drug raid
OHkfW9iVL04-00432-00099857-00100059 philosophically for me I think that it
OHkfW9iVL04-00433-00100060-00100479 isn't it isn't I don't know to encourage
OHkfW9iVL04-00434-00100480-00100694 the Equality of a spread of a negative
OHkfW9iVL04-00435-00100695-00101036 resource to me seems doesn't seem as bad
OHkfW9iVL04-00436-00101037-00101259 as saying continuing with a system that
OHkfW9iVL04-00437-00101260-00101585 has disparate I guess what am I saying
OHkfW9iVL04-00438-00101586-00101811 exercise of those kinds of those kinds
OHkfW9iVL04-00439-00101812-00101991 of resources that make sense so like a
OHkfW9iVL04-00440-00101992-00102117 tax incentive to me is more like we're
OHkfW9iVL04-00441-00102118-00102287 taking away something we're taking away
OHkfW9iVL04-00442-00102288-00102590 I don't know how to say I just feel the
OHkfW9iVL04-00443-00102591-00102803 tax incentive is you're taxing one group
OHkfW9iVL04-00444-00102804-00103047 less so that everyone else has to pick
OHkfW9iVL04-00445-00103048-00103178 up the slack because in a typical
OHkfW9iVL04-00446-00103179-00103379 situation you're just because you're
OHkfW9iVL04-00447-00103380-00103514 taxing this group less doesn't mean the
OHkfW9iVL04-00448-00103515-00103658 government's spending any less so it's
OHkfW9iVL04-00449-00103659-00103788 got to come from elsewhere well that was
OHkfW9iVL04-00450-00103789-00103889 my first question is where are these
OHkfW9iVL04-00451-00103890-00104015 where is you know if you're talking
OHkfW9iVL04-00452-00104016-00104214 about Atlanta where is this where who's
OHkfW9iVL04-00453-00104215-00104504 paying for this Marta Amazon Marta bus
OHkfW9iVL04-00454-00104505-00104907 right or train and it's us I mean I
OHkfW9iVL04-00455-00104908-00105053 think the same argument is made for a
OHkfW9iVL04-00456-00105054-00105164 lot of other things that the government
OHkfW9iVL04-00457-00105165-00105351 subsidizes poke sewed in I'm just
OHkfW9iVL04-00458-00105352-00105503 wondering about your point is it more
OHkfW9iVL04-00459-00105504-00105819 about the ability for us all to advocate
OHkfW9iVL04-00460-00105820-00105889 on our behalf
OHkfW9iVL04-00461-00105890-00106066 to get government off of our backs and
OHkfW9iVL04-00462-00106067-00106270 if and if that is kind of your main
OHkfW9iVL04-00463-00106271-00106549 point I think naturally we all have a
OHkfW9iVL04-00464-00106550-00106690 different ability to do that I mean the
OHkfW9iVL04-00465-00106691-00106876 case of Amazon they have people they can
OHkfW9iVL04-00466-00106877-00107160 hire to be lobbyists and to to shake
OHkfW9iVL04-00467-00107161-00107380 hands and make deals whereas your
OHkfW9iVL04-00468-00107381-00107535 entrepreneur who's just trying to launch
OHkfW9iVL04-00469-00107536-00107685 a business doesn't have that kind of
OHkfW9iVL04-00470-00107686-00107995 time or resources so where I guess is
OHkfW9iVL04-00471-00107996-00108208 the justice in that if that we don't all
OHkfW9iVL04-00472-00108208-00108411 have that same ability to advocate for
OHkfW9iVL04-00473-00108413-00108633 ourselves well the same justice that the
OHkfW9iVL04-00474-00108634-00108988 rich person in the in the rich drug user
OHkfW9iVL04-00475-00108989-00109408 would have in having access to being
OHkfW9iVL04-00476-00109408-00109645 friends with the local police and and
OHkfW9iVL04-00477-00109646-00109860 you know being in circles of power even
OHkfW9iVL04-00478-00109861-00110038 even may be friends with Lakeville the
OHkfW9iVL04-00479-00110039-00110283 judge and and friends with politicians
OHkfW9iVL04-00480-00110284-00110773 nearby that like if he uses that access
OHkfW9iVL04-00481-00110774-00111055 to increase his own Liberty I don't see
OHkfW9iVL04-00482-00111056-00111241 what's wrong with that really what about
OHkfW9iVL04-00483-00111242-00111505 that access by them having that access
OHkfW9iVL04-00484-00111506-00111649 to that person who does have a limited
OHkfW9iVL04-00485-00111650-00111841 time then that means that somebody else
OHkfW9iVL04-00486-00111842-00112093 can't advocate for themselves during
OHkfW9iVL04-00487-00112094-00112354 that time it's not a it's an excludable
OHkfW9iVL04-00488-00112355-00112698 good essentially these people's time
OHkfW9iVL04-00489-00112699-00113125 that's true that's a good point yeah so
OHkfW9iVL04-00490-00113126-00113278 I think there's a danger of taking this
OHkfW9iVL04-00491-00113279-00113803 drug enforcement discussion too far but
OHkfW9iVL04-00492-00113804-00114127 I would say on that there there might be
OHkfW9iVL04-00493-00114128-00114523 a demand say for example you do enforce
OHkfW9iVL04-00494-00114524-00114742 the law equally across you know the rich
OHkfW9iVL04-00495-00114743-00114844 neighborhood and the poor neighborhood
OHkfW9iVL04-00496-00114845-00115063 never in between right you could imagine
OHkfW9iVL04-00497-00115064-00115273 that there might at that point be demand
OHkfW9iVL04-00498-00115274-00115465 for saying do we need this law at all
OHkfW9iVL04-00499-00115466-00115744 right I mean like you spread the pain
OHkfW9iVL04-00500-00115745-00115935 enough then you end up actually having
OHkfW9iVL04-00501-00115936-00116299 an incentive to say well is this a just
OHkfW9iVL04-00502-00116300-00116515 law to begin with and I suppose I come
OHkfW9iVL04-00503-00116516-00116658 from a similar perspective when when I
OHkfW9iVL04-00504-00116659-00116881 look at the taxes right and so if
OHkfW9iVL04-00505-00116882-00117186 there's so much cash it is Amazon's cash
OHkfW9iVL04-00506-00117188-00117388 they're getting to keep that that is
OHkfW9iVL04-00507-00117389-00117550 true in a lot of ways when it comes to
OHkfW9iVL04-00508-00117551-00117820 like you know tax breaks not cash grants
OHkfW9iVL04-00509-00117821-00117946 that's a different thing entirely but
OHkfW9iVL04-00510-00117947-00118102 when it comes to tax breaks that is
OHkfW9iVL04-00511-00118103-00118303 Amazon's cash to begin with and so that
OHkfW9iVL04-00512-00118304-00118441 gets to your point of you know whether
OHkfW9iVL04-00513-00118442-00118750 it's good for a company to be more or
OHkfW9iVL04-00514-00118751-00118951 less plundered I would agree it's better
OHkfW9iVL04-00515-00118952-00119095 for a company to be less plundered by
OHkfW9iVL04-00516-00119096-00119224 taxes but
OHkfW9iVL04-00517-00119225-00119548 anyway I think the point is here if you
OHkfW9iVL04-00518-00119549-00119914 end up having a system that favors one
OHkfW9iVL04-00519-00119915-00120220 you end up reducing the pain generally
OHkfW9iVL04-00520-00120221-00120411 and you might actually have less demand
OHkfW9iVL04-00521-00120413-00120700 for the lowering of taxes generally than
OHkfW9iVL04-00522-00120701-00120984 with that specialized situation I think
OHkfW9iVL04-00523-00120985-00121147 there's one issue that addresses both
OHkfW9iVL04-00524-00121148-00121536 both of the what you both said that the
OHkfW9iVL04-00525-00121538-00121819 justice of actions of individual actions
OHkfW9iVL04-00526-00121820-00122092 need to be considered individually that
OHkfW9iVL04-00527-00122093-00122296 there are there there might be like
OHkfW9iVL04-00528-00122297-00122593 indirect ramifications that it might
OHkfW9iVL04-00529-00122594-00122791 influence the way that other people do
OHkfW9iVL04-00530-00122792-00123159 other actions but that can't be factored
OHkfW9iVL04-00531-00123160-00123343 into when you're considering the justice
OHkfW9iVL04-00532-00123344-00123667 of action itself so so in in the case
OHkfW9iVL04-00533-00123668-00123964 that you just rose that like yes maybe
OHkfW9iVL04-00534-00123965-00124255 maybe that it might reduce the demand
OHkfW9iVL04-00535-00124256-00124911 for to seek more justice but we don't
OHkfW9iVL04-00536-00124913-00125173 know so your argument is that we can
OHkfW9iVL04-00537-00125174-00125521 only say from a moral standpoint or an
OHkfW9iVL04-00538-00125522-00125661 ethical standpoint that we should not
OHkfW9iVL04-00539-00125663-00125977 say it's it's it's morally in care
OHkfW9iVL04-00540-00125978-00126271 incorrect to to say yes I'll take that
OHkfW9iVL04-00541-00126272-00126478 incentive right it's only the the
OHkfW9iVL04-00542-00126479-00126721 institution has set it up in a flawed
OHkfW9iVL04-00543-00126722-00126949 way so similarly when you ask where is
OHkfW9iVL04-00544-00126950-00127161 the money going to come from yeah so so
OHkfW9iVL04-00545-00127163-00127335 there's like a series of actions there's
OHkfW9iVL04-00546-00127336-00127608 like okay I am NOT going to steal
OHkfW9iVL04-00547-00127609-00127933 plunder this company but I still want
OHkfW9iVL04-00548-00127933-00128173 these goodies over here so I'm going to
OHkfW9iVL04-00549-00128174-00128539 plunder from this company that's very
OHkfW9iVL04-00550-00128540-00128773 indirect like it doesn't change the fact
OHkfW9iVL04-00551-00128774-00129070 that not that plundering from this other
OHkfW9iVL04-00552-00129071-00129202 company would have been bad in the first
OHkfW9iVL04-00553-00129203-00129415 place so me ask you this Dan is your
OHkfW9iVL04-00554-00129416-00129873 position one or both of these a that
OHkfW9iVL04-00555-00129874-00130233 Amazon is okay to have sought these
OHkfW9iVL04-00556-00130234-00130642 special treatments or be that it's
OHkfW9iVL04-00557-00130643-00130882 alright for governments to offer these
OHkfW9iVL04-00558-00130883-00131167 special treatments well both actually
OHkfW9iVL04-00559-00131168-00131461 yeah yeah yeah I mean that's that's how
OHkfW9iVL04-00560-00131462-00131755 I feel I feel that most often times when
OHkfW9iVL04-00561-00131756-00131974 you when you take it back to its
OHkfW9iVL04-00562-00131975-00132115 beginning if we look at an issue that we
OHkfW9iVL04-00563-00132116-00132313 have we have problems with you unravel
OHkfW9iVL04-00564-00132314-00132474 that and you see that there is
OHkfW9iVL04-00565-00132475-00132636 in this situation there's an an
OHkfW9iVL04-00566-00132637-00132822 institutional incentive to make that
OHkfW9iVL04-00567-00132823-00132981 decision right so it isn't Amazon who's
OHkfW9iVL04-00568-00132982-00133089 making the decision that's bad that's
OHkfW9iVL04-00569-00133090-00133350 not an unethical decision it's the the
OHkfW9iVL04-00570-00133351-00133506 institution has encouraged an unethical
OHkfW9iVL04-00571-00133507-00133698 a decision perceive is unethical and
OHkfW9iVL04-00572-00133699-00133839 therefore is the institution unethical
OHkfW9iVL04-00573-00133840-00133980 right the attacks instead of providing
OHkfW9iVL04-00574-00133981-00134253 institution another another analogy
OHkfW9iVL04-00575-00134254-00134547 might be say a bully and the playground
OHkfW9iVL04-00576-00134548-00134841 is stealing kids lunch money and so
OHkfW9iVL04-00577-00134842-00135051 maybe one of the kids is his friends so
OHkfW9iVL04-00578-00135052-00135486 he steals less or maybe not at all yeah
OHkfW9iVL04-00579-00135487-00135681 I like that I like that metaphor even
OHkfW9iVL04-00580-00135682-00135861 more because it's simple right that's
OHkfW9iVL04-00581-00135862-00135951 simple when you talk about just like
OHkfW9iVL04-00582-00135952-00136101 kids interacting that's a lot simpler
OHkfW9iVL04-00583-00136102-00136275 than thinking about the war on drugs so
OHkfW9iVL04-00584-00136276-00136473 but yet but what I'm a public policy
OHkfW9iVL04-00585-00136474-00136665 perspective you don't want any kids
OHkfW9iVL04-00586-00136666-00136842 having their lunch money stolen here I
OHkfW9iVL04-00587-00136843-00136995 think there's two points that were
OHkfW9iVL04-00588-00136996-00137181 getting close to but maybe not touching
OHkfW9iVL04-00589-00137182-00137304 as in the way that I would like and
OHkfW9iVL04-00590-00137305-00137505 those two are that the encouragement of
OHkfW9iVL04-00591-00137506-00137828 other people to get in the game of I can
OHkfW9iVL04-00592-00137829-00138051 take these actions I can rent caecus
OHkfW9iVL04-00593-00138052-00138201 entually get special favors that are
OHkfW9iVL04-00594-00138202-00138360 outside of just the productivity of my
OHkfW9iVL04-00595-00138361-00138603 business and that encourages other
OHkfW9iVL04-00596-00138604-00138705 people to do it I'll share a short
OHkfW9iVL04-00597-00138706-00138885 anecdote when I was in the sixth grade
OHkfW9iVL04-00598-00138886-00139257 we had spelling tests and very slowly in
OHkfW9iVL04-00599-00139258-00139398 the class everybody started to cheat on
OHkfW9iVL04-00600-00139399-00139590 their spelling tests with this simple
OHkfW9iVL04-00601-00139591-00139806 strategy of just putting the paper with
OHkfW9iVL04-00602-00139807-00139998 the words underneath the desk next to
OHkfW9iVL04-00603-00139999-00140196 them and it started off with just one
OHkfW9iVL04-00604-00140197-00140424 kid and he got away with it and then the
OHkfW9iVL04-00605-00140425-00140559 next spelling test came around and more
OHkfW9iVL04-00606-00140560-00140817 kids and more kids and more kids and the
OHkfW9iVL04-00607-00140818-00141084 cost versus the benefits were really
OHkfW9iVL04-00608-00141085-00141261 warped in this situation because in the
OHkfW9iVL04-00609-00141262-00141465 short term I could cheat get a good
OHkfW9iVL04-00610-00141466-00141762 grade on the test and being good social
OHkfW9iVL04-00611-00141763-00141942 standing with my peers or to do the
OHkfW9iVL04-00612-00141943-00142161 moral thing into and to not cheat
OHkfW9iVL04-00613-00142162-00142368 there's the risk of getting a lower
OHkfW9iVL04-00614-00142369-00142779 score and so I'm just trying to speak to
OHkfW9iVL04-00615-00142780-00142932 the incentives here then yeah other
OHkfW9iVL04-00616-00142933-00143115 people wanting to play into it and then
OHkfW9iVL04-00617-00143116-00143310 the second thing which I'll just quickly
OHkfW9iVL04-00618-00143311-00143550 say is that we are removing some profit
OHkfW9iVL04-00619-00143551-00143766 and loss signals when we manipulate
OHkfW9iVL04-00620-00143767-00143985 incentives this way mmm-hmm I do want to
OHkfW9iVL04-00621-00143986-00144189 this is these are this an awesome
OHkfW9iVL04-00622-00144190-00144392 anecdote I do want to go back to the
OHkfW9iVL04-00623-00144393-00144627 bullies stealing the lunch money because
OHkfW9iVL04-00624-00144628-00144920 I think we're getting a little bit
OHkfW9iVL04-00625-00144921-00145260 speaking back and forth on the notion of
OHkfW9iVL04-00626-00145261-00145485 normative and positive right we're
OHkfW9iVL04-00627-00145486-00145755 talking I think in some cases one of us
OHkfW9iVL04-00628-00145756-00145815 is speaking in
OHkfW9iVL04-00629-00145816-00146013 the ideal sense and the other one is
OHkfW9iVL04-00630-00146014-00146190 speaking more in sort of the practical
OHkfW9iVL04-00631-00146191-00146421 like what it is sense the problem is
OHkfW9iVL04-00632-00146422-00146682 with that lunch money stealing story is
OHkfW9iVL04-00633-00146683-00147048 that if you believe taxes are theft
OHkfW9iVL04-00634-00147049-00147234 which I believe is what you're promoting
OHkfW9iVL04-00635-00147235-00147618 here all right that's one thing to
OHkfW9iVL04-00636-00147619-00147852 consider however our current system
OHkfW9iVL04-00637-00147853-00148152 today is rife with taxes we are going to
OHkfW9iVL04-00638-00148153-00148416 be taxed one way or the other every kid
OHkfW9iVL04-00639-00148417-00148641 on that playground is going to have his
OHkfW9iVL04-00640-00148642-00148872 or her lunch money stolen to one degree
OHkfW9iVL04-00641-00148873-00149088 or another it is happening it is not not
OHkfW9iVL04-00642-00149089-00149292 happening and so the question is from a
OHkfW9iVL04-00643-00149293-00149562 public policy standpoint do you want the
OHkfW9iVL04-00644-00149563-00149856 single kid to be able to steal from in
OHkfW9iVL04-00645-00149857-00150210 particular people you know and not steal
OHkfW9iVL04-00646-00150211-00150438 from his friend right or would you
OHkfW9iVL04-00647-00150439-00150837 prefer every person to be stolen from in
OHkfW9iVL04-00648-00150838-00151080 a equitable kind of fashion because
OHkfW9iVL04-00649-00151081-00151287 we're not not stealing that's the bottom
OHkfW9iVL04-00650-00151288-00151446 line but I think in the reality we don't
OHkfW9iVL04-00651-00151447-00151848 have those like batched those clustered
OHkfW9iVL04-00652-00151849-00152127 choices where you're you're really the
OHkfW9iVL04-00653-00152128-00152463 choices are just boiled down to is this
OHkfW9iVL04-00654-00152464-00152697 kid going to be stolen or not from or
OHkfW9iVL04-00655-00152698-00153090 not like it's it's not often times you
OHkfW9iVL04-00656-00153091-00153450 think that that there are whole policy
OHkfW9iVL04-00657-00153451-00153726 directions that you're choosing from but
OHkfW9iVL04-00658-00153727-00154035 you know in in the day-to-day lawmaking
OHkfW9iVL04-00659-00154036-00154284 it's just you're deciding one thing at a
OHkfW9iVL04-00660-00154285-00154428 time you can only look at that one
OHkfW9iVL04-00661-00154429-00154728 decision I don't know I feel like it
OHkfW9iVL04-00662-00154729-00154890 points back to I think Mary Ann's story
OHkfW9iVL04-00663-00154891-00155033 with the spelling with the spelling
OHkfW9iVL04-00664-00155034-00155229 tests I think that we're talking about
OHkfW9iVL04-00665-00155230-00155448 the lunch money I think for me it is
OHkfW9iVL04-00666-00155449-00155724 always how can we create an institution
OHkfW9iVL04-00667-00155725-00155940 that limits this in every way right so
OHkfW9iVL04-00668-00155941-00156072 that means the teacher wasn't looking
OHkfW9iVL04-00669-00156073-00156258 you know what I mean or the incentive
OHkfW9iVL04-00670-00156259-00156351 needs to be you're going to fail this
OHkfW9iVL04-00671-00156352-00156513 test if I catch you cheating right it's
OHkfW9iVL04-00672-00156514-00156753 about how the institution or the even
OHkfW9iVL04-00673-00156754-00156945 the context creates or incentivizes
OHkfW9iVL04-00674-00156946-00157068 people to make those decisions and
OHkfW9iVL04-00675-00157069-00157269 culture that's what matters and is the
OHkfW9iVL04-00676-00157270-00157371 teacher paying attention to the bully
OHkfW9iVL04-00677-00157372-00157626 that's stealing it is what's the context
OHkfW9iVL04-00678-00157627-00157761 around which these decisions are made
OHkfW9iVL04-00679-00157762-00157953 why is the bullies stealing why are the
OHkfW9iVL04-00680-00157954-00158259 class members cheating right I mean so I
OHkfW9iVL04-00681-00158260-00158493 agree with you the context matters and I
OHkfW9iVL04-00682-00158494-00158697 also agree with Dan in the sense on you
OHkfW9iVL04-00683-00158698-00158850 know you have to look at these decisions
OHkfW9iVL04-00684-00158851-00159189 individually however policy is not ended
OHkfW9iVL04-00685-00159190-00159477 policy is policy is policy and so you
OHkfW9iVL04-00686-00159478-00159630 know that's the way it works a policy
OHkfW9iVL04-00687-00159631-00159849 cannot have exemptions to it in order to
OHkfW9iVL04-00688-00159850-00160017 be something that actually works across
OHkfW9iVL04-00689-00160018-00160272 the board but what what if in that
OHkfW9iVL04-00690-00160273-00160491 situation like say it was the question
OHkfW9iVL04-00691-00160492-00160833 of okay the bully decides oh I'm only
OHkfW9iVL04-00692-00160834-00161088 gonna steal half from you because you're
OHkfW9iVL04-00693-00161089-00161376 my friend and then a third person comes
OHkfW9iVL04-00694-00161377-00161547 up and says wait a minute
OHkfW9iVL04-00695-00161548-00161880 steal more because instead of that you
OHkfW9iVL04-00696-00161881-00162210 should steal less from everyone across
OHkfW9iVL04-00697-00162211-00162360 the board but then it's not more
OHkfW9iVL04-00698-00162361-00162501 stealing it's an equal amount of
OHkfW9iVL04-00699-00162502-00162693 stealing right just theoretically
OHkfW9iVL04-00700-00162694-00163155 unequally or yeah the book the bullying
OHkfW9iVL04-00701-00163156-00163425 might say like okay you convinced me
OHkfW9iVL04-00702-00163426-00163608 I'll steal more from this kid and then
OHkfW9iVL04-00703-00163609-00163848 he never gets around to following
OHkfW9iVL04-00704-00163849-00164037 through dealing less from the other kid
OHkfW9iVL04-00705-00164038-00164268 just think the analogy is flawed because
OHkfW9iVL04-00706-00164269-00164406 we're not talking about a schoolyard
OHkfW9iVL04-00707-00164407-00164571 bully we're talking about a government
OHkfW9iVL04-00708-00164572-00164919 that you know taxes all of us to one
OHkfW9iVL04-00709-00164920-00165309 degree or another and they are empowered
OHkfW9iVL04-00710-00165310-00165546 to do that yeah and the other factor too
OHkfW9iVL04-00711-00165547-00165801 to that is that the bully we don't
OHkfW9iVL04-00712-00165802-00166035 presume them to have any really further
OHkfW9iVL04-00713-00166036-00166203 motivations whereas we assume that if
OHkfW9iVL04-00714-00166204-00166464 government is issuing a tax or if
OHkfW9iVL04-00715-00166465-00166677 they're giving a subsidy to someone that
OHkfW9iVL04-00716-00166678-00166791 there's a reason for that we're
OHkfW9iVL04-00717-00166792-00166962 expecting there to be some greater
OHkfW9iVL04-00718-00166963-00167127 societal good to come out of it
OHkfW9iVL04-00719-00167128-00167436 and yeah and I I do think that your
OHkfW9iVL04-00720-00167437-00167637 point earlier about having everything
OHkfW9iVL04-00721-00167638-00167991 being about access to power is a good
OHkfW9iVL04-00722-00167992-00168291 one everything about the the game that
OHkfW9iVL04-00723-00168292-00168468 you're playing is no longer serving the
OHkfW9iVL04-00724-00168469-00168828 customers but but convincing influencing
OHkfW9iVL04-00725-00168829-00169121 power and I think I think it's why
OHkfW9iVL04-00726-00169122-00169482 Amazon chose DC totally even though
OHkfW9iVL04-00727-00169483-00169752 other cities were offering even a
OHkfW9iVL04-00728-00169753-00169971 sweeter deal Oh interesting so even
OHkfW9iVL04-00729-00169972-00170130 beyond the incentives and what we talked
OHkfW9iVL04-00730-00170131-00170361 about the metro infrastructure and
OHkfW9iVL04-00731-00170362-00170546 things like that you think it's it's
OHkfW9iVL04-00732-00170547-00170951 political yeah an article from unreason
OHkfW9iVL04-00733-00170952-00171270 Eric Boehm writes of course being close
OHkfW9iVL04-00734-00171271-00171411 to the seat of political power matters
OHkfW9iVL04-00735-00171412-00171627 to Virginia's deal comes with the
OHkfW9iVL04-00736-00171628-00171813 unwritten promise that Amazon will just
OHkfW9iVL04-00737-00171814-00171990 be a stone's throw away from not only
OHkfW9iVL04-00738-00171991-00172215 the country's top lawmakers but from the
OHkfW9iVL04-00739-00172216-00172395 most important lobbying firms to
OHkfW9iVL04-00740-00172396-00172674 yeah I mean to Chloe took my favorite I
OHkfW9iVL04-00741-00172675-00172821 love Jeff Proctor he talks a lot about
OHkfW9iVL04-00742-00172822-00172995 this I'm in some of his lectures and he
OHkfW9iVL04-00743-00172996-00173250 he I mean his basic argument is that if
OHkfW9iVL04-00744-00173251-00173475 somebody's handing out power and
OHkfW9iVL04-00745-00173476-00173718 influence you as a business are gonna
OHkfW9iVL04-00746-00173719-00173874 take that right you're going to use your
OHkfW9iVL04-00747-00173875-00174051 money to get that absolutely so it's
OHkfW9iVL04-00748-00174052-00174234 about but like I said again to me this
OHkfW9iVL04-00749-00174235-00174372 is institutional or this is about the
OHkfW9iVL04-00750-00174373-00174537 game or it's about how the game is set
OHkfW9iVL04-00751-00174538-00174816 up it's why are we allowing this much
OHkfW9iVL04-00752-00174817-00175026 power to be given right we shouldn't we
OHkfW9iVL04-00753-00175027-00175149 shouldn't we should limit the amount of
OHkfW9iVL04-00754-00175150-00175338 power that's that's available to private
OHkfW9iVL04-00755-00175339-00175548 energy yeah Frederic Bastiat makes the
OHkfW9iVL04-00756-00175549-00175857 point that if you make plunder easier
OHkfW9iVL04-00757-00175858-00176076 than production then people will choose
OHkfW9iVL04-00758-00176077-00176319 plunder over production and no mount no
OHkfW9iVL04-00759-00176320-00176532 amount of education or or morality or
OHkfW9iVL04-00760-00176533-00176844 religion will stop that that's the
OHkfW9iVL04-00761-00176845-00176973 incentives are misaligned yeah
OHkfW9iVL04-00762-00176974-00177048 absolutely
OHkfW9iVL04-00763-00177049-00177318 and so I guess I would sort of implore
OHkfW9iVL04-00764-00177319-00177696 you to change your mind Dan and and and
OHkfW9iVL04-00765-00177697-00177879 we'll have many conversations on that
OHkfW9iVL04-00766-00177880-00178197 this otherwise but I mean I regard the
OHkfW9iVL04-00767-00178198-00178449 Amazon tax breaks as an example of
OHkfW9iVL04-00768-00178450-00178674 plunder overproduction yeah I believe
OHkfW9iVL04-00769-00178675-00178980 what they are taking despite the fact it
OHkfW9iVL04-00770-00178981-00179148 would be foolish for them not to take it
OHkfW9iVL04-00771-00179149-00179241 because it'd be a competitive
OHkfW9iVL04-00772-00179242-00179448 disadvantage because everybody and their
OHkfW9iVL04-00773-00179449-00179676 mom who has a company now is getting tax
OHkfW9iVL04-00774-00179677-00179787 breaks from the government if they're
OHkfW9iVL04-00775-00179788-00179934 big enough right and that's the key is
OHkfW9iVL04-00776-00179935-00180228 if they're big enough I would say they
OHkfW9iVL04-00777-00180229-00180504 are falling into the trap and they're
OHkfW9iVL04-00778-00180505-00180756 influencing us to believe that we can
OHkfW9iVL04-00779-00180757-00181182 actually get special favors ahead of and
OHkfW9iVL04-00780-00181183-00181389 above of what other people have and and
OHkfW9iVL04-00781-00181390-00181695 I find that to be one of the sort of you
OHkfW9iVL04-00782-00181696-00181884 quoted Basquiat one of the unseen
OHkfW9iVL04-00783-00181885-00182244 consequences of this these big corporate
OHkfW9iVL04-00784-00182245-00182484 giveaways that happen and I sound a lot
OHkfW9iVL04-00785-00182485-00182820 now like Alexandre Ocasio cortes are the
OHkfW9iVL04-00786-00182821-00183051 favorite Democratic Socialist new member
OHkfW9iVL04-00787-00183052-00183339 of Congress from New York City because
OHkfW9iVL04-00788-00183340-00183486 she's been talking about this as a
OHkfW9iVL04-00789-00183487-00183651 corporate giveaway program as well but
OHkfW9iVL04-00790-00183652-00183816 we may have different reasons for saying
OHkfW9iVL04-00791-00183817-00184089 this and yet we're both somehow and
OHkfW9iVL04-00792-00184090-00184446 we're both suffered in a very principled
OHkfW9iVL04-00793-00184447-00184758 stance on it which I respect yes but I
OHkfW9iVL04-00794-00184759-00185031 but I think there is some reason that we
OHkfW9iVL04-00795-00185032-00185298 agree on this and I would implore folks
OHkfW9iVL04-00796-00185299-00185499 to look at that unseen consequence of
OHkfW9iVL04-00797-00185500-00185661 going to the state the government and
OHkfW9iVL04-00798-00185662-00185801 asking them for special
OHkfW9iVL04-00799-00185802-00185963 favours over others because that then
OHkfW9iVL04-00800-00185964-00186144 sets up a situation where that continues
OHkfW9iVL04-00801-00186145-00186444 going forward well unfortunately we have
OHkfW9iVL04-00802-00186445-00186701 exhausted our time together thank you
OHkfW9iVL04-00803-00186702-00186833 each of you this was a fun conversation
OHkfW9iVL04-00804-00186834-00187107 and we look forward to seeing everyone
OHkfW9iVL04-00805-00187108-00187379 on the next V cast by the way we are now
OHkfW9iVL04-00806-00187380-00187640 on several other audio-only platforms
OHkfW9iVL04-00807-00187641-00187934 including apple the Apple podcast
OHkfW9iVL04-00808-00187935-00188252 platform Spotify and iHeartRadio which
OHkfW9iVL04-00809-00188253-00188522 is awesome and we just got on
OHkfW9iVL04-00810-00188523-00188753 iHeartRadio so so you can't stand our
OHkfW9iVL04-00811-00188754-00189038 faces and you just hear us talk please
OHkfW9iVL04-00812-00189039-00189158 check us out on anywhere you can get
OHkfW9iVL04-00813-00189159-00189464 podcast all the time and we'll see you
OHkfW9iVL04-00814-00189465-00189692 next week on the fie cast
OHkfW9iVL04-00815-00189693-00190869 [Music]
OHbLqwJRU98-00000-00001009-00003454 [Music]
OHbLqwJRU98-00001-00003454-00004150 [Music]
OHbLqwJRU98-00002-00004151-00004696 [Music]
OHbLqwJRU98-00003-00004697-00007256 [Music]
OHbLqwJRU98-00005-00011998-00013206 [Music]
OHbLqwJRU98-00006-00013207-00014033 [Music]
OHbLqwJRU98-00007-00014034-00014385 and as you can see the colors are
OHbLqwJRU98-00008-00014386-00014610 starting to come out already
OHbLqwJRU98-00009-00014611-00014838 let's eat tomorrow in the colors will
OHbLqwJRU98-00010-00014838-00015125 come on master dear and master bus or
OHbLqwJRU98-00011-00015126-00015203 meet it tomorrow
OHbLqwJRU98-00012-00015204-00015494 the colors will be more be more
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OHbLqwJRU98-00016-00016807-00017156 to have a sense of confidence if you
OHbLqwJRU98-00017-00017157-00017547 have hair that would be lorries
OHbLqwJRU98-00018-00017548-00017753 some people perceive you as having a
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OHbLqwJRU98-00021-00019174-00019736 [Music]
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OIwtOs8r3tg-00000-00000181-00001989 [Music]
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OIwtOs8r3tg-00002-00002111-00002658 so
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OIwtOs8r3tg-00006-00003088-00003238 hmm
OIwtOs8r3tg-00007-00003239-00005695 [Music]
OIwtOs8r3tg-00008-00005696-00005808 [Applause]
OIwtOs8r3tg-00009-00005809-00007934 [Music]
OIwtOs8r3tg-00010-00007936-00008251 so
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OIwtOs8r3tg-00013-00009533-00009632 [Applause]
OIwtOs8r3tg-00014-00009633-00010335 [Music]
OIwtOs8r3tg-00015-00010336-00010888 so
OIwtOs8r3tg-00017-00014069-00016191 [Music]
OIwtOs8r3tg-00018-00016191-00016404 so
OIwtOs8r3tg-00019-00016405-00017494 [Music]
OIwtOs8r3tg-00020-00017495-00017962 so
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OIwtOs8r3tg-00022-00018104-00018667 [Applause]
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OIwtOs8r3tg-00024-00019376-00019608 do
OIwtOs8r3tg-00025-00019609-00021120 [Music]
OIwtOs8r3tg-00026-00021121-00021236 [Applause]
OIwtOs8r3tg-00027-00021237-00023342 [Music]
OIwtOs8r3tg-00028-00023343-00023680 so
OIwtOs8r3tg-00029-00023681-00024274 [Music]
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OIwtOs8r3tg-00031-00024962-00025061 [Applause]
OIwtOs8r3tg-00032-00025062-00025620 [Music]
OIwtOs8r3tg-00033-00025622-00026314 [Music]
OIwtOs8r3tg-00034-00026316-00028774 [Music]
OIwtOs8r3tg-00035-00028775-00029495 so
OIwtOs8r3tg-00037-00032691-00032812 [Applause]
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OIwtOs8r3tg-00039-00033376-00033939 [Applause]
OIwtOs8r3tg-00040-00033940-00034471 [Music]
OIwtOs8r3tg-00041-00034472-00034772 me
OKIAiNHAd4M-00000-00000033-00001103 [Music]
OKIAiNHAd4M-00001-00001104-00001287 you know
OKIAiNHAd4M-00002-00001288-00002640 [Music]
OKIAiNHAd4M-00003-00002641-00004618 [Music]
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OKIAiNHAd4M-00006-00005033-00005232 [Music]
OKIAiNHAd4M-00007-00005233-00005275 [Applause]
OKIAiNHAd4M-00008-00005276-00005383 [Music]
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OKIAiNHAd4M-00013-00016151-00016771 [Music]
OKIAiNHAd4M-00015-00022807-00023575 [Music]
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OKIAiNHAd4M-00017-00024159-00024338 you know
OKIAiNHAd4M-00018-00024339-00025390 [Music]
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OMds4DB8IQQ-00013-00005920-00006249 want to use this on a surface as you see
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OMds4DB8IQQ-00019-00008059-00008256 rocks and stuff that you have that it
OMds4DB8IQQ-00020-00008257-00008721 will not cut or burn the surface but if
OMds4DB8IQQ-00021-00008722-00008970 you want to do it on your cutting mat or
OMds4DB8IQQ-00022-00008971-00009150 you want to do it on a wood surface like
OMds4DB8IQQ-00023-00009151-00009483 this one a lot of people say hey if we
OMds4DB8IQQ-00024-00009484-00009786 use this is gonna have we're gonna leave
OMds4DB8IQQ-00025-00009787-00010086 a mark on the wood or on the cutting mat
OMds4DB8IQQ-00026-00010087-00010628 so we came up with this great idea and
OMds4DB8IQQ-00027-00010629-00010875 some of you might seen it on our website
OMds4DB8IQQ-00028-00010876-00011544 but now we have a food for this heat
OMds4DB8IQQ-00029-00011545-00011874 color and it's it's an extra option that
OMds4DB8IQQ-00030-00011875-00012255 you could buy and it's very easy to
OMds4DB8IQQ-00031-00012256-00012501 install and if you go on our website the
OMds4DB8IQQ-00032-00012502-00012746 machine comes with this plate but if you
OMds4DB8IQQ-00033-00012747-00013035 want one of these you have to pay extra
OMds4DB8IQQ-00034-00013036-00013233 for it and it's that option is on our
OMds4DB8IQQ-00035-00013234-00013386 website today I'm going to show you how
OMds4DB8IQQ-00036-00013387-00013602 this works and how easy
OMds4DB8IQQ-00037-00013603-00013830 to put it on so when you have this done
OMds4DB8IQQ-00038-00013831-00014010 when you turn it on you see this green
OMds4DB8IQQ-00039-00014011-00014330 light come down this instantly get
OMds4DB8IQQ-00040-00014331-00014597 heated and it's very good if you want to
OMds4DB8IQQ-00041-00014599-00014841 cut with webbing and stuff right but
OMds4DB8IQQ-00042-00014841-00015005 again if you want to cut a webbing like
OMds4DB8IQQ-00043-00015006-00015261 this it's gonna put a mark on the wood
OMds4DB8IQQ-00044-00015262-00015540 table that job so what you do is you add
OMds4DB8IQQ-00045-00015541-00016044 one of these to your this is the the
OMds4DB8IQQ-00046-00016044-00016335 foot that we offer on our website and
OMds4DB8IQQ-00047-00016336-00016739 you just add that to your to your
OMds4DB8IQQ-00048-00016740-00017256 shopping cart and it's very easy to put
OMds4DB8IQQ-00049-00017257-00017577 it on come with one of the other screws
OMds4DB8IQQ-00050-00017578-00017715 which you don't need and I tell you why
OMds4DB8IQQ-00051-00017716-00017943 and I'm sure you could find a wrench
OMds4DB8IQQ-00052-00017944-00018159 like this around the house so all you
OMds4DB8IQQ-00053-00018160-00018474 have to do is there is a lower screw
OMds4DB8IQQ-00054-00018475-00018732 that you could just open it up you don't
OMds4DB8IQQ-00055-00018733-00018942 have to open it all the way you just
OMds4DB8IQQ-00056-00018943-00019146 loosen it up you know you don't have to
OMds4DB8IQQ-00057-00019147-00019844 take it out okay the way I do it and you
OMds4DB8IQQ-00058-00019845-00020069 put this one in now if we see it bad
OMds4DB8IQQ-00059-00020070-00020388 enough you gotta go more let's go ahead
OMds4DB8IQQ-00060-00020389-00020841 and open it up more and put it all the
OMds4DB8IQQ-00061-00020842-00021168 way in there and would sit right hit
OMds4DB8IQQ-00062-00021169-00021360 right in there see I'm doing
OMds4DB8IQQ-00063-00021361-00021806 you could go higher up or down I'm going
OMds4DB8IQQ-00064-00021807-00021987 to do it right in the middle and the
OMds4DB8IQQ-00065-00021988-00022305 whole idea is that the knife won't hit
OMds4DB8IQQ-00066-00022306-00022669 the surface that you have
OMds4DB8IQQ-00067-00022670-00023043 all right one second let me go ahead and
OMds4DB8IQQ-00068-00023044-00023790 tie this up and that's it one more try
OMds4DB8IQQ-00069-00023791-00024102 to make sure okay so now you see I have
OMds4DB8IQQ-00070-00024103-00024522 a heat color that has a bottom a foot
OMds4DB8IQQ-00071-00024523-00024893 all right so when you turn this on and
OMds4DB8IQQ-00072-00024894-00025200 let's say you have this is a Oxford
OMds4DB8IQQ-00073-00025201-00025625 fabric that's usually people want to cut
OMds4DB8IQQ-00074-00025626-00025820 this and they want to make sure it won't
OMds4DB8IQQ-00075-00025822-00026136 fray or it won't open up all you have to
OMds4DB8IQQ-00076-00026137-00026331 do when it gets hot put this underneath
OMds4DB8IQQ-00077-00026332-00026601 and
OMds4DB8IQQ-00078-00026602-00027573 go you see put it underneath and go see
OMds4DB8IQQ-00079-00027574-00027762 now I don't have a pattern I'm just
OMds4DB8IQQ-00080-00027763-00028185 going or if you have a deeper and you
OMds4DB8IQQ-00081-00028186-00028346 wanted to cut the end of the deeper you
OMds4DB8IQQ-00082-00028347-00029055 see now I'm using the the tail you see
OMds4DB8IQQ-00083-00029056-00029371 there is no mark on the table whatsoever
OMds4DB8IQQ-00084-00029372-00029931 again so if you want to do I could see
OMds4DB8IQQ-00085-00029932-00030357 use my hand to see it seals the ends are
OMds4DB8IQQ-00086-00030358-00030873 sealed so sealed so here I'm trying I'm
OMds4DB8IQQ-00087-00030874-00031224 cutting and I'm using the servers there
OMds4DB8IQQ-00088-00031225-00031727 is no there is no no cut
OMds4DB8IQQ-00089-00031728-00032168 no no burn on the table so this is a
OMds4DB8IQQ-00090-00032169-00032457 great great idea here I have some
OMds4DB8IQQ-00091-00032458-00032696 webbing which the webbing is you know
OMds4DB8IQQ-00092-00032697-00033074 all you have to do now we could hold it
OMds4DB8IQQ-00093-00033075-00033882 and cut there is nothing no sir no mark
OMds4DB8IQQ-00094-00033883-00034164 on the ground from the surface and ready
OMds4DB8IQQ-00095-00034165-00034512 with you again you have to add this part
OMds4DB8IQQ-00096-00034513-00034889 or food to your shopping cart when you
OMds4DB8IQQ-00097-00034890-00035307 buying this great great option that we
OMds4DB8IQQ-00098-00035308-00035714 just added to our inventory again please
OMds4DB8IQQ-00099-00035715-00036180 watch and like and thumbs up and follow
OMds4DB8IQQ-00100-00036181-00036411 and share our videos thank you for
OMds4DB8IQQ-00101-00036412-00036516 watching
OMds4DB8IQQ-00102-00036517-00036678 [Applause]
OMds4DB8IQQ-00103-00036679-00036712 [Music]
OMds4DB8IQQ-00104-00036713-00036862 [Applause]
OMds4DB8IQQ-00105-00036863-00037459 [Music]
OMds4DB8IQQ-00106-00037460-00037916 website gold star tool calm
OMds4DB8IQQ-00107-00037917-00039488 [Music]
OMds4DB8IQQ-00108-00039489-00039787 [Music]
OMds4DB8IQQ-00109-00039788-00039994 you
OpBy_zYeqW0-00000-00000028-00000436 [Music]
OpBy_zYeqW0-00001-00000437-00000722 this video demonstrates how to create
OpBy_zYeqW0-00002-00000723-00001127 links within a Google slides document so
OpBy_zYeqW0-00003-00001128-00001466 in my student portfolio I have created
OpBy_zYeqW0-00004-00001467-00001748 the name all about me and what I'm going
OpBy_zYeqW0-00005-00001748-00001991 to do is for item one up here in this
OpBy_zYeqW0-00006-00001992-00002234 table of contents I'm going to change
OpBy_zYeqW0-00007-00002235-00002780 that title to all about me and what's
OpBy_zYeqW0-00008-00002781-00003224 great about Google slides is it allows a
OpBy_zYeqW0-00009-00003225-00003527 person to make links both the outside
OpBy_zYeqW0-00010-00003528-00003872 and within this Google slides document
OpBy_zYeqW0-00011-00003872-00004100 so I'm going to click on the insert link
OpBy_zYeqW0-00012-00004101-00004451 or control k also works and you see it
OpBy_zYeqW0-00013-00004452-00005104 says it also can find slides in this in
OpBy_zYeqW0-00014-00005105-00005426 this document so i can go to the next
OpBy_zYeqW0-00015-00005427-00005984 slide or a numbered slide and apply ok
OpBy_zYeqW0-00016-00005985-00006229 so let's see if this works go to next
OpBy_zYeqW0-00017-00006230-00006472 slide and there it goes and then i can
OpBy_zYeqW0-00018-00006473-00006910 also put a link back to the table of
OpBy_zYeqW0-00019-00006911-00007234 contents in the top and so in this one
OpBy_zYeqW0-00020-00007236-00007367 I'm going to look for slides in the
OpBy_zYeqW0-00021-00007368-00007619 presentation and it's going to be slide
OpBy_zYeqW0-00022-00007620-00007892 one student portfolio and apply and then
OpBy_zYeqW0-00023-00007893-00008252 that operates as a link to just clicking
OpBy_zYeqW0-00024-00008253-00008531 on that and it goes back to the top so
OpBy_zYeqW0-00025-00008532-00008702 that's how to insert links I've already
OpBy_zYeqW0-00026-00008703-00009026 showed how to insert one in an image for
OpBy_zYeqW0-00027-00009027-00009349 all about me but once your portfolio is
OpBy_zYeqW0-00028-00009350-00009535 put together you can continue to add
OpBy_zYeqW0-00029-00009536-00009853 items and title them and to the front
OpBy_zYeqW0-00030-00009854-00010160 page acts as an actual table of contents
OpBy_zYeqW0-00031-00010161-00010430 with links to further pages thanks i
OpBy_zYeqW0-00032-00010431-00010628 hope this is useful as you create your
OpBy_zYeqW0-00033-00010629-00011291 digital student portfolio
OpBy_zYeqW0-00034-00011292-00011332 you
OpBy_zYeqW0-00035-00011333-00011612 [Music]
ORA00YQ5FFA-00000-00000070-00000246 this audio production was made in
ORA00YQ5FFA-00001-00000247-00000823 collaboration with audible anarchist
ORA00YQ5FFA-00002-00000824-00001378 Chapter three death to politics if
ORA00YQ5FFA-00003-00001379-00001616 politics were only the politics of
ORA00YQ5FFA-00004-00001617-00001862 politicians it would be enough to turn
ORA00YQ5FFA-00005-00001863-00002150 off the TV and the radio to no longer
ORA00YQ5FFA-00006-00002151-00002396 hear it talked about but it so happens
ORA00YQ5FFA-00007-00002397-00002663 that France which is the country of
ORA00YQ5FFA-00008-00002664-00002959 human rights only for show is well and
ORA00YQ5FFA-00009-00002960-00003296 truly the country of power all social
ORA00YQ5FFA-00010-00003297-00003539 relations in France are power relations
ORA00YQ5FFA-00011-00003540-00003836 and in this country what has not been
ORA00YQ5FFA-00012-00003836-00004175 socialized so that there is politics at
ORA00YQ5FFA-00013-00004176-00004456 every level in the associations and in
ORA00YQ5FFA-00014-00004457-00004659 the collectives in the villages and the
ORA00YQ5FFA-00015-00004660-00005006 corporations in the mill use all the
ORA00YQ5FFA-00016-00005007-00005293 mill use it's at work everywhere
ORA00YQ5FFA-00017-00005294-00005506 maneuvering operating seeking
ORA00YQ5FFA-00018-00005507-00005777 appreciation it never speaks honestly
ORA00YQ5FFA-00019-00005778-00006152 because it is afraid politics in France
ORA00YQ5FFA-00020-00006153-00006518 is a cultural disease any time people
ORA00YQ5FFA-00021-00006519-00006815 get together no matter what set issue no
ORA00YQ5FFA-00022-00006816-00007094 matter what the purpose is and provided
ORA00YQ5FFA-00023-00007095-00007352 it lasts for a while it takes on the
ORA00YQ5FFA-00024-00007353-00007619 structure of a little Court society and
ORA00YQ5FFA-00025-00007620-00007883 there is always someone who takes
ORA00YQ5FFA-00026-00007884-00008222 himself for the Sun King those who
ORA00YQ5FFA-00027-00008223-00008474 approach Foucault for having developed a
ORA00YQ5FFA-00028-00008475-00008747 rather stifling ontology of power in
ORA00YQ5FFA-00029-00008748-00009023 which goodness love of one's neighbor
ORA00YQ5FFA-00030-00009024-00009266 and the Christian virtues have a
ORA00YQ5FFA-00031-00009267-00009410 difficult time finding their place
ORA00YQ5FFA-00032-00009411-00009713 should reproach him rather for having
ORA00YQ5FFA-00033-00009714-00009962 thought in an admirable way but perhaps
ORA00YQ5FFA-00034-00009963-00010397 in a way that is a bit too French France
ORA00YQ5FFA-00035-00010398-00010739 thus remains a court society at the
ORA00YQ5FFA-00036-00010740-00010988 summit of the state even in the mill use
ORA00YQ5FFA-00037-00010989-00011219 that declare its perdition most
ORA00YQ5FFA-00038-00011220-00011513 radically as if the ancien régime as a
ORA00YQ5FFA-00039-00011514-00011765 system of mores had never died
ORA00YQ5FFA-00040-00011766-00012038 as if the French Revolution had only
ORA00YQ5FFA-00041-00012039-00012227 been a perverse stratagem for
ORA00YQ5FFA-00042-00012228-00012440 maintaining the ancien régime everywhere
ORA00YQ5FFA-00043-00012441-00012713 behind the change of phraseology
ORA00YQ5FFA-00044-00012714-00013085 and for protecting it from attack since
ORA00YQ5FFA-00045-00013086-00013357 it's supposed to have been abolished
ORA00YQ5FFA-00046-00013358-00013705 those who claim that a local politics
ORA00YQ5FFA-00047-00013706-00014028 closer to the territories and the people
ORA00YQ5FFA-00048-00014029-00014199 is what will save us from the
ORA00YQ5FFA-00049-00014200-00014459 decomposition of national politics can
ORA00YQ5FFA-00050-00014460-00014741 defend such an insanity only by holding
ORA00YQ5FFA-00051-00014743-00014966 their noses because it's evident that
ORA00YQ5FFA-00052-00014968-00015222 what they offer is only a less
ORA00YQ5FFA-00053-00015222-00015480 professional cruder and in a word
ORA00YQ5FFA-00054-00015481-00015753 degenerate version of what there is for
ORA00YQ5FFA-00055-00015754-00016166 us it's not a matter of doing politics
ORA00YQ5FFA-00056-00016168-00016406 differently but of doing something
ORA00YQ5FFA-00057-00016407-00016752 different from politics politics makes
ORA00YQ5FFA-00058-00016753-00017169 one empty and greedy this national
ORA00YQ5FFA-00059-00017170-00017384 syndrome obviously doesn't spare the
ORA00YQ5FFA-00060-00017385-00017742 radical militant millou's each little
ORA00YQ5FFA-00061-00017743-00017964 group imagine it is capturing parts of
ORA00YQ5FFA-00062-00017965-00018267 the radicality market from its closest
ORA00YQ5FFA-00063-00018268-00018492 rivals by slandering them as much as
ORA00YQ5FFA-00064-00018493-00018846 possible by lusting after the pieces of
ORA00YQ5FFA-00065-00018847-00019142 the cake of others it ends up spoiling
ORA00YQ5FFA-00066-00019143-00019433 the cake and smelling of a
ORA00YQ5FFA-00067-00019434-00019761 clear-headed and completely unrelated
ORA00YQ5FFA-00068-00019762-00020111 recently gave this testimony today I
ORA00YQ5FFA-00069-00020112-00020328 know that the disinterested militancy
ORA00YQ5FFA-00070-00020329-00020693 doesn't exist our upbringing our
ORA00YQ5FFA-00071-00020694-00021078 schooling our family our social world as
ORA00YQ5FFA-00072-00021079-00021353 a whole rarely make us into well-rounded
ORA00YQ5FFA-00073-00021354-00021662 and serene personalities we're full of
ORA00YQ5FFA-00074-00021663-00021925 hurts existential issues to be resolved
ORA00YQ5FFA-00075-00021926-00022271 relational expectations and it's with
ORA00YQ5FFA-00076-00022272-00022511 this inner baggage that we enter into
ORA00YQ5FFA-00077-00022512-00022790 militant life through our struggles
ORA00YQ5FFA-00078-00022791-00023064 we're all looking for something else for
ORA00YQ5FFA-00079-00023065-00023372 gratifications recognition social and
ORA00YQ5FFA-00080-00023373-00023730 friendly relations human warmth meaning
ORA00YQ5FFA-00081-00023731-00024089 to give to our life in the most militant
ORA00YQ5FFA-00082-00024090-00024383 in most militants this search for
ORA00YQ5FFA-00083-00024384-00024662 gratifications remains rather discreet
ORA00YQ5FFA-00084-00024663-00024861 it doesn't take up all the space in
ORA00YQ5FFA-00085-00024862-00025118 certain persons it should be said it
ORA00YQ5FFA-00086-00025119-00025514 occupies a disproportionate space we can
ORA00YQ5FFA-00087-00025515-00025709 all think of examples of militants
ORA00YQ5FFA-00088-00025710-00025986 constantly monopolizing the talk or
ORA00YQ5FFA-00089-00025987-00026150 trying to control everything
ORA00YQ5FFA-00090-00026151-00026370 of others putting on a performance or
ORA00YQ5FFA-00091-00026370-00026651 always playing on people's feelings of
ORA00YQ5FFA-00092-00026652-00026973 others who are especially sensitive very
ORA00YQ5FFA-00093-00026974-00027317 aggressive or preemptory in the
ORA00YQ5FFA-00094-00027318-00027637 days they express themselves these
ORA00YQ5FFA-00095-00027638-00027805 problems of recognition
ORA00YQ5FFA-00096-00027806-00028157 gratifications or power seem to me to
ORA00YQ5FFA-00097-00028158-00028408 explain single-handedly the majority of
ORA00YQ5FFA-00098-00028410-00028754 conflicts in radical groups in my view
ORA00YQ5FFA-00099-00028755-00029029 many apparently political conflicts mask
ORA00YQ5FFA-00100-00029030-00029435 conflicts of ego between persons that's
ORA00YQ5FFA-00101-00029436-00029651 my hypothesis it's not necessarily
ORA00YQ5FFA-00102-00029652-00029933 correct but from my experience I have
ORA00YQ5FFA-00103-00029933-00030145 the strong feeling that something else
ORA00YQ5FFA-00104-00030147-00030335 is at play in these meetings the
ORA00YQ5FFA-00105-00030336-00030610 mobilizations the radical organizations
ORA00YQ5FFA-00106-00030611-00030893 something else other than the struggle
ORA00YQ5FFA-00107-00030894-00031243 properly speaking a veritable human
ORA00YQ5FFA-00108-00031244-00031505 theater with its comedies its tragedies
ORA00YQ5FFA-00109-00031506-00031886 with its smooth Mareva dodges which
ORA00YQ5FFA-00110-00031887-00032077 often pushed the political objectives
ORA00YQ5FFA-00111-00032078-00032261 which supposedly brought us together
ORA00YQ5FFA-00112-00032262-00032539 into the background this country is a
ORA00YQ5FFA-00113-00032541-00033077 heartbreaker for serene Souls nuoc de
ORA00YQ5FFA-00114-00033078-00033427 bois in Paris was many things it was a
ORA00YQ5FFA-00115-00033428-00033649 rallying point and a starting point for
ORA00YQ5FFA-00116-00033650-00033923 all sorts of incredible actions it was
ORA00YQ5FFA-00117-00033924-00034121 the sight of wonderful Encounters of
ORA00YQ5FFA-00118-00034122-00034442 informal conversations of reunions after
ORA00YQ5FFA-00119-00034443-00034706 the demonstrations by offering a
ORA00YQ5FFA-00120-00034707-00034931 continuity between the Leapfrog
ORA00YQ5FFA-00121-00034932-00035158 demonstration dates which the Union
ORA00YQ5FFA-00122-00035159-00035462 Confederations are so fond of nuit
ORA00YQ5FFA-00123-00035463-00035732 debout enabled the conflict triggered by
ORA00YQ5FFA-00124-00035733-00035989 the lloyd lava a to be something
ORA00YQ5FFA-00125-00035990-00036251 altogether different and more than a
ORA00YQ5FFA-00126-00036252-00036680 classic social movement nuit debout made
ORA00YQ5FFA-00127-00036681-00036889 it possible to thwart the mundane
ORA00YQ5FFA-00128-00036890-00037124 governmental operation consisting in
ORA00YQ5FFA-00129-00037125-00037333 reducing its opponents to powerlessness
ORA00YQ5FFA-00130-00037334-00037543 by setting them at odds with each other
ORA00YQ5FFA-00131-00037544-00037805 under the categories of violent and
ORA00YQ5FFA-00132-00037806-00038139 nonviolent although it was rechristened
ORA00YQ5FFA-00133-00038140-00038489 plus de la commune plasti la république
ORA00YQ5FFA-00134-00038490-00038729 was not able to deploy the smallest
ORA00YQ5FFA-00135-00038730-00039020 embryo of what was commonly in the
ORA00YQ5FFA-00136-00039021-00039299 squares movement in Spain or in Greece
ORA00YQ5FFA-00137-00039300-00039548 to say nothing of Tahrir Square simply
ORA00YQ5FFA-00138-00039549-00039733 because we didn't have the strength to
ORA00YQ5FFA-00139-00039734-00040001 impose a real occupation of the square
ORA00YQ5FFA-00140-00040002-00040262 on the police but if there was a
ORA00YQ5FFA-00141-00040263-00040499 fundamental defect in nuit des Beaux
ORA00YQ5FFA-00142-00040500-00040643 from the start
ORA00YQ5FFA-00143-00040644-00040865 was on the pretext of going beyond
ORA00YQ5FFA-00144-00040866-00041141 classical politics the way in which it
ORA00YQ5FFA-00145-00041142-00041408 reproduced and staged the latter
ORA00YQ5FFA-00146-00041409-00041645 principle axiom according to which
ORA00YQ5FFA-00147-00041646-00041999 politics is a particular sphere separate
ORA00YQ5FFA-00148-00042000-00042287 from life an activity consisting in
ORA00YQ5FFA-00149-00042288-00042584 speaking debating and voting with the
ORA00YQ5FFA-00150-00042585-00042902 result that nuit debout came to resemble
ORA00YQ5FFA-00151-00042903-00043223 an imaginary parliament a kind of
ORA00YQ5FFA-00152-00043224-00043412 legislative organ with no executive
ORA00YQ5FFA-00153-00043413-00043736 function and hence a manifestation of
ORA00YQ5FFA-00154-00043737-00044030 powerlessness that was sure to please
ORA00YQ5FFA-00155-00044031-00044237 the media and the governing authorities
ORA00YQ5FFA-00156-00044238-00044555 one participant sums up what happened or
ORA00YQ5FFA-00157-00044556-00044861 rather what didn't happen at nuit debout
ORA00YQ5FFA-00158-00044862-00045197 the only shared position perhaps is the
ORA00YQ5FFA-00159-00045198-00045497 desire for an endless discussion the
ORA00YQ5FFA-00160-00045498-00045755 unsaid and the vague have always been
ORA00YQ5FFA-00161-00045756-00045983 privileged to the detriment of taking a
ORA00YQ5FFA-00162-00045984-00046226 position which would be selective by
ORA00YQ5FFA-00163-00046227-00046298 definition
ORA00YQ5FFA-00164-00046299-00046811 hence supposedly non-inclusive another
ORA00YQ5FFA-00165-00046812-00047062 offers the following appraisal a
ORA00YQ5FFA-00166-00047063-00047315 succession of speeches limited to two
ORA00YQ5FFA-00167-00047316-00047522 minutes and never followed by any
ORA00YQ5FFA-00168-00047523-00047806 discussion could not fail to be tiresome
ORA00YQ5FFA-00169-00047807-00048095 once the surprise had worn off at seeing
ORA00YQ5FFA-00170-00048096-00048302 so many people excited about expressing
ORA00YQ5FFA-00171-00048303-00048575 themselves the absence of anything at
ORA00YQ5FFA-00172-00048576-00048824 stake started to empty these meetings of
ORA00YQ5FFA-00173-00048825-00049163 the sense that they appeared to have we
ORA00YQ5FFA-00174-00049164-00049385 were here to be together but the rules
ORA00YQ5FFA-00175-00049386-00049718 separated us we were here to exercise
ORA00YQ5FFA-00176-00049719-00049976 the curse of our respective solitudes
ORA00YQ5FFA-00177-00049977-00050213 but the assemblies gave the curse a
ORA00YQ5FFA-00178-00050214-00050621 glaring visibility for me the assembly
ORA00YQ5FFA-00179-00050622-00050828 should be the place where the collective
ORA00YQ5FFA-00180-00050829-00051131 is experienced felt explored confirmed
ORA00YQ5FFA-00181-00051132-00051482 and finally if only in a punctual way
ORA00YQ5FFA-00182-00051483-00051892 declared but for that it would have been
ORA00YQ5FFA-00183-00051894-00052132 necessary for real discussions to occur
ORA00YQ5FFA-00184-00052133-00052390 the problem was that we didn't talk to
ORA00YQ5FFA-00185-00052391-00052649 each other we only spoke one after the
ORA00YQ5FFA-00186-00052650-00052928 other the worst of what we meant to
ORA00YQ5FFA-00187-00052929-00053201 avert on the plus unfolded there in a
ORA00YQ5FFA-00188-00053202-00053513 general and comprehension a collective
ORA00YQ5FFA-00189-00053514-00053782 impotence that mistakes the spectacle of
ORA00YQ5FFA-00190-00053783-00054019 solitudes for the invention
ORA00YQ5FFA-00191-00054020-00054347 of an active collective a conjuration of
ORA00YQ5FFA-00192-00054348-00054607 blockades finally got the better of my
ORA00YQ5FFA-00193-00054608-00054901 patients the key person of our committee
ORA00YQ5FFA-00194-00054902-00055156 no doubt without any intentional ill
ORA00YQ5FFA-00195-00055157-00055373 will on her part had a special gift for
ORA00YQ5FFA-00196-00055374-00055646 discouraging with all sorts of logistic
ORA00YQ5FFA-00197-00055647-00055900 and procedural quibbles every attempt to
ORA00YQ5FFA-00198-00055901-00056110 reintroduce some stakes into the
ORA00YQ5FFA-00199-00056111-00056404 functioning of the assemblies and
ORA00YQ5FFA-00200-00056404-00056824 finally like so many others I sometimes
ORA00YQ5FFA-00201-00056825-00057013 had the impression that there was a kind
ORA00YQ5FFA-00202-00057014-00057268 of opaque power structure that furnished
ORA00YQ5FFA-00203-00057269-00057523 the major orientations of the movement
ORA00YQ5FFA-00204-00057524-00057799 that there was another level of
ORA00YQ5FFA-00205-00057800-00058000 decision-making than that of the
ORA00YQ5FFA-00206-00058001-00058243 ordinary assemblies the micro
ORA00YQ5FFA-00207-00058244-00058501 bureaucracy that ran nuit debout in
ORA00YQ5FFA-00208-00058502-00058723 Paris and that was literally a
ORA00YQ5FFA-00209-00058724-00059050 bureaucracy of the microphone was caught
ORA00YQ5FFA-00210-00059051-00059329 in this uncomfortable situation that it
ORA00YQ5FFA-00211-00059330-00059512 could only roll out its vertical
ORA00YQ5FFA-00212-00059513-00059776 strategies hidden between the spectacle
ORA00YQ5FFA-00213-00059777-00060110 of horizontality presented each day at 6
ORA00YQ5FFA-00214-00060111-00060329 p.m. by the sovereign Assembly of
ORA00YQ5FFA-00215-00060329-00060586 emptiness that was held there with it's
ORA00YQ5FFA-00216-00060587-00060937 changing walk-on actors that is why what
ORA00YQ5FFA-00217-00060938-00061123 was said there basically didn't matter
ORA00YQ5FFA-00218-00061124-00061447 much and least of all to its organizers
ORA00YQ5FFA-00219-00061448-00061687 their ambitions and strategies were
ORA00YQ5FFA-00220-00061688-00061847 deployed elsewhere than on the square
ORA00YQ5FFA-00221-00061848-00062143 and in a language whose cynicism could
ORA00YQ5FFA-00222-00062144-00062413 be given free rein only on the terrace
ORA00YQ5FFA-00223-00062414-00062741 of a hipster cafe in the last stage of
ORA00YQ5FFA-00224-00062741-00063110 intoxication between accomplices nuit
ORA00YQ5FFA-00225-00063111-00063469 debout showed in an exemplary way how
ORA00YQ5FFA-00226-00063470-00063813 direct democracy collective intelligence
ORA00YQ5FFA-00227-00063814-00064172 horizontality and hyper formalism could
ORA00YQ5FFA-00228-00064173-00064441 function as a means of control and a
ORA00YQ5FFA-00229-00064442-00064729 method of sabotage this might seem
ORA00YQ5FFA-00230-00064730-00064985 dreadful but nuit debout nearly
ORA00YQ5FFA-00231-00064986-00065224 everywhere in France Illustrated line by
ORA00YQ5FFA-00232-00065225-00065488 line what was said about the movement of
ORA00YQ5FFA-00233-00065489-00065887 the squares and to our friends and was
ORA00YQ5FFA-00234-00065888-00066098 judged to be so scandalous by many
ORA00YQ5FFA-00235-00066099-00066256 militants at the moment of its
ORA00YQ5FFA-00236-00066257-00066647 publication to the point that since the
ORA00YQ5FFA-00237-00066648-00066804 summer of 2016
ORA00YQ5FFA-00238-00066805-00067121 every time an assembly begins to turn in
ORA00YQ5FFA-00239-00067122-00067400 circles and nothing has said
ORA00YQ5FFA-00240-00067401-00067601 yonder rambling succession of leftist
ORA00YQ5FFA-00241-00067602-00067850 monologues there's almost always someone
ORA00YQ5FFA-00242-00067851-00068341 who will shout no please not nuit debout
ORA00YQ5FFA-00243-00068342-00068636 this is the huge credit that must be
ORA00YQ5FFA-00244-00068637-00068987 granted nuit debout it made the misery
ORA00YQ5FFA-00245-00068988-00069236 of assembly ISM not just a theoretical
ORA00YQ5FFA-00246-00069237-00069635 certainty but a shared experience but in
ORA00YQ5FFA-00247-00069636-00069791 the fantasy of the assembly and
ORA00YQ5FFA-00248-00069792-00070007 decision-making there's clearly
ORA00YQ5FFA-00249-00070008-00070484 something that escapes any argument this
ORA00YQ5FFA-00250-00070485-00070697 has to do with the fact that the fantasy
ORA00YQ5FFA-00251-00070698-00071066 is implanted deeply in life and not at
ORA00YQ5FFA-00252-00071067-00071356 the surface of political convictions at
ORA00YQ5FFA-00253-00071357-00071615 bottom the problem of political
ORA00YQ5FFA-00254-00071616-00071858 decision-making only redoubles and
ORA00YQ5FFA-00255-00071859-00072164 displaces to a collective scale what is
ORA00YQ5FFA-00256-00072165-00072392 already an illusion in the individual
ORA00YQ5FFA-00257-00072393-00072707 the belief that our actions our thoughts
ORA00YQ5FFA-00258-00072708-00073004 our gestures our words and our behaviors
ORA00YQ5FFA-00259-00073005-00073268 result from decisions emanating from a
ORA00YQ5FFA-00260-00073269-00073538 central conscious and sovereign entity
ORA00YQ5FFA-00261-00073539-00073964 the self the fantasy of the sovereignty
ORA00YQ5FFA-00262-00073965-00074291 of the assembly only repeats on the
ORA00YQ5FFA-00263-00074292-00074495 collective plane the sovereignty of the
ORA00YQ5FFA-00264-00074496-00074858 self when one knows all that monarchy
ORA00YQ5FFA-00265-00074859-00075095 owes to the development of the notion of
ORA00YQ5FFA-00266-00075096-00075374 sovereignty one is sometimes led to
ORA00YQ5FFA-00267-00075375-00075668 wonder if the myth of the self is not
ORA00YQ5FFA-00268-00075669-00076010 simply the theory of the subject that
ORA00YQ5FFA-00269-00076011-00076271 royalty imposed were ever it prevailed
ORA00YQ5FFA-00270-00076272-00077054 in practice when one knows all that
ORA00YQ5FFA-00271-00077055-00077273 monarchy owes to the development of the
ORA00YQ5FFA-00272-00077274-00077543 notion of sovereignty one is sometimes
ORA00YQ5FFA-00273-00077544-00077768 led to wonder if the myth of the self is
ORA00YQ5FFA-00274-00077769-00078128 not simply a theory of the subject that
ORA00YQ5FFA-00275-00078129-00078359 royalty imposed were ever it prevailed
ORA00YQ5FFA-00276-00078360-00078710 in practice indeed for the King to be
ORA00YQ5FFA-00277-00078711-00078941 able to rule from his throne in the
ORA00YQ5FFA-00278-00078942-00079205 middle of the country the self must be
ORA00YQ5FFA-00279-00079206-00079568 enthroned in the middle of the world one
ORA00YQ5FFA-00280-00079569-00079793 better understands therefore where the
ORA00YQ5FFA-00281-00079794-00080066 unbelievable narcissism of the General
ORA00YQ5FFA-00282-00080067-00080378 Assemblies of nuit debout comes from
ORA00YQ5FFA-00283-00080379-00080621 it's the thing moreover that's ended up
ORA00YQ5FFA-00284-00080622-00080906 killing them by making them the site in
ORA00YQ5FFA-00285-00080907-00081182 speech after speech of repeated
ORA00YQ5FFA-00286-00081183-00081503 outbursts of individual narcissism which
ORA00YQ5FFA-00287-00081504-00082069 is to say outbursts of powerlessness
ORA00YQ5FFA-00288-00082070-00082424 from terrorist attacks to the German
ORA00YQ5FFA-00289-00082425-00082820 wing crash people have forgotten that
ORA00YQ5FFA-00290-00082821-00083069 the first French mass killer of the new
ORA00YQ5FFA-00291-00083070-00083135 century
ORA00YQ5FFA-00292-00083136-00083549 Richard durn at non tear in 2002 was a
ORA00YQ5FFA-00293-00083550-00083918 man literally disgusted with politics he
ORA00YQ5FFA-00294-00083919-00084056 had passed through the Socialist Party
ORA00YQ5FFA-00295-00084057-00084329 before joining the greens he was an
ORA00YQ5FFA-00296-00084330-00084553 activist with the humans rights League
ORA00YQ5FFA-00297-00084554-00084757 he had made the Genoa
ORA00YQ5FFA-00298-00084758-00085007 alter-globalization switch in July of
ORA00YQ5FFA-00299-00085008-00085355 2011 in the end he had taken a Glock and
ORA00YQ5FFA-00300-00085356-00085721 on March 27th 2002 opened fire on the
ORA00YQ5FFA-00301-00085722-00085946 Municipal Council of non tear killing
ORA00YQ5FFA-00302-00085947-00086210 eight elected officials and wounding 19
ORA00YQ5FFA-00303-00086211-00086423 others in his private journal he wrote
ORA00YQ5FFA-00304-00086424-00086720 I'm tired of always having in my head
ORA00YQ5FFA-00305-00086721-00086891 the sentence that keeps repeating I
ORA00YQ5FFA-00306-00086892-00087116 haven't lived I haven't lived it all at
ORA00YQ5FFA-00307-00087117-00087464 the age of 30 why continue to pretend to
ORA00YQ5FFA-00308-00087465-00087857 live I can only feel myself living for a
ORA00YQ5FFA-00309-00087858-00088265 few moments by killing Dylan Klebold one
ORA00YQ5FFA-00310-00088266-00088433 of the two conspirators of Columbine
ORA00YQ5FFA-00311-00088434-00088762 High School confided to his notebooks
ORA00YQ5FFA-00312-00088763-00089084 the meek are trampled on the
ORA00YQ5FFA-00313-00089085-00089435 prevail the gods are deceiving farther
ORA00YQ5FFA-00314-00089436-00089618 and farther distance that's what's
ORA00YQ5FFA-00315-00089619-00089891 happening me and everything that zombies
ORA00YQ5FFA-00316-00089892-00090254 consider real just images not life the
ORA00YQ5FFA-00317-00090255-00090506 zombies and their society band together
ORA00YQ5FFA-00318-00090507-00090830 and try to destroy what is superior and
ORA00YQ5FFA-00319-00090831-00091070 what they don't understand and what they
ORA00YQ5FFA-00320-00091071-00091397 are afraid of there you have some people
ORA00YQ5FFA-00321-00091398-00091712 who clearly took revenge instead of
ORA00YQ5FFA-00322-00091713-00091891 continuing to stew in their resentment
ORA00YQ5FFA-00323-00091892-00092234 they dealt death and destruction because
ORA00YQ5FFA-00324-00092235-00092504 they didn't see life anywhere a point
ORA00YQ5FFA-00325-00092505-00092657 has been reached where it's become
ORA00YQ5FFA-00326-00092658-00092849 impossible to maintain that the
ORA00YQ5FFA-00327-00092850-00093121 existential pertains to private life
ORA00YQ5FFA-00328-00093122-00093395 every new attack reminds us the
ORA00YQ5FFA-00329-00093396-00093662 existential has a power of political
ORA00YQ5FFA-00330-00093663-00093853 eruption
ORA00YQ5FFA-00331-00093854-00094163 this is the big lie and the great
ORA00YQ5FFA-00332-00094164-00094433 disaster of politics to place politics
ORA00YQ5FFA-00333-00094434-00094738 on one side and life on the other on one
ORA00YQ5FFA-00334-00094739-00095084 side what is said but isn't real and on
ORA00YQ5FFA-00335-00095085-00095297 the other what is lived but can no
ORA00YQ5FFA-00336-00095298-00095624 longer be said there are the speeches of
ORA00YQ5FFA-00337-00095625-00095855 the Prime Minister and for a century now
ORA00YQ5FFA-00338-00095856-00096206 the barbed satire of the canard in
ORA00YQ5FFA-00339-00096207-00096437 Schoen there are the tirades of the
ORA00YQ5FFA-00340-00096438-00096629 great militant and there's the way he
ORA00YQ5FFA-00341-00096630-00096884 treats his fellow human beings with whom
ORA00YQ5FFA-00342-00096885-00097133 he allows himself to conduct himself all
ORA00YQ5FFA-00343-00097134-00097352 the more miserably as he takes himself
ORA00YQ5FFA-00344-00097353-00097700 to be politically irreproachable there's
ORA00YQ5FFA-00345-00097701-00097961 the sphere of disabled and the voiceless
ORA00YQ5FFA-00346-00097962-00098438 orphaned mutilated life and that takes
ORA00YQ5FFA-00347-00098439-00098639 to crying out because it no longer
ORA00YQ5FFA-00348-00098640-00099029 serves any purpose to speak hell is
ORA00YQ5FFA-00349-00099030-00099212 really the place where all speech is
ORA00YQ5FFA-00350-00099213-00099521 rendered meaningless what is called
ORA00YQ5FFA-00351-00099522-00099794 debate nowadays is just the civilized
ORA00YQ5FFA-00352-00099795-00100106 murder of speech official politics has
ORA00YQ5FFA-00353-00100107-00100415 become so manifestly a repugnant sphere
ORA00YQ5FFA-00354-00100416-00100697 of deception that the only events still
ORA00YQ5FFA-00355-00100698-00100946 happening in that sphere reduced down to
ORA00YQ5FFA-00356-00100947-00101222 a paradoxical expression of the hatred
ORA00YQ5FFA-00357-00101223-00101651 of politics if Donald Trump is truly a
ORA00YQ5FFA-00358-00101652-00101888 figure of hatred is because he is first
ORA00YQ5FFA-00359-00101889-00102128 and foremost a figure of the hatred of
ORA00YQ5FFA-00360-00102129-00102436 politics and it's this hatred that
ORA00YQ5FFA-00361-00102438-00102808 carried him to power politics and its
ORA00YQ5FFA-00362-00102809-00103133 totality is what plays into the hands of
ORA00YQ5FFA-00363-00103133-00103445 the National Front and not the castles
ORA00YQ5FFA-00364-00103446-00103994 or the been.we rioters what the media
ORA00YQ5FFA-00365-00103995-00104270 the card-carrying militants and the
ORA00YQ5FFA-00366-00104271-00104591 government's cannot forgive the so
ORA00YQ5FFA-00367-00104592-00104945 called castles and other black bloc's
ORA00YQ5FFA-00368-00104946-00105374 is one proving that powerlessness is not
ORA00YQ5FFA-00369-00105375-00105650 a destiny which constitutes a galling
ORA00YQ5FFA-00370-00105651-00105908 insult for all those who are content to
ORA00YQ5FFA-00371-00105908-00106133 grumble and who prefer to see the
ORA00YQ5FFA-00372-00106133-00106375 rioters contrary to any evidence as
ORA00YQ5FFA-00373-00106376-00106733 infiltrated agents paid by the banks to
ORA00YQ5FFA-00374-00106733-00106945 aid the government
ORA00YQ5FFA-00375-00106946-00107201 showing that one can act politically
ORA00YQ5FFA-00376-00107202-00107474 without doing politics at any point in
ORA00YQ5FFA-00377-00107475-00107696 life and at the price of a little
ORA00YQ5FFA-00378-00107697-00108013 courage what the Casarez demonstrate by
ORA00YQ5FFA-00379-00108014-00108253 their actions is that acting politically
ORA00YQ5FFA-00380-00108254-00108521 is not a question of discourse but of
ORA00YQ5FFA-00381-00108522-00108863 gestures and they attest this down to
ORA00YQ5FFA-00382-00108864-00109078 the words they spray paint on the walls
ORA00YQ5FFA-00383-00109079-00109469 of the cities politique should never
ORA00YQ5FFA-00384-00109470-00109684 have become a noun it should have
ORA00YQ5FFA-00385-00109685-00110014 remained an adjective an attribute not a
ORA00YQ5FFA-00386-00110015-00110335 substance there are conflicts there are
ORA00YQ5FFA-00387-00110336-00110635 encounters there are actions there are
ORA00YQ5FFA-00388-00110636-00110894 speech interventions that are political
ORA00YQ5FFA-00389-00110895-00111125 because they make a decisive stand
ORA00YQ5FFA-00390-00111126-00111344 against something in a given situation
ORA00YQ5FFA-00391-00111345-00111607 and because they express an affirmation
ORA00YQ5FFA-00392-00111608-00111913 concerning the world they desire
ORA00YQ5FFA-00393-00111914-00112246 political is that which bursts forth
ORA00YQ5FFA-00394-00112247-00112558 which forms an event which punches a
ORA00YQ5FFA-00395-00112559-00112810 hole in the orderly progression of the
ORA00YQ5FFA-00396-00112811-00113178 disaster that which provokes
ORA00YQ5FFA-00397-00113179-00113491 polarization drawing a line choosing
ORA00YQ5FFA-00398-00113492-00113811 sides but there's no such thing as
ORA00YQ5FFA-00399-00113813-00114202 politics there's no specific domain that
ORA00YQ5FFA-00400-00114203-00114419 would gather up all these events all
ORA00YQ5FFA-00401-00114420-00114685 these eruptions independently of the
ORA00YQ5FFA-00402-00114686-00114845 place and the moment in which they
ORA00YQ5FFA-00403-00114846-00115121 appear there's no particular sphere
ORA00YQ5FFA-00404-00115122-00115349 where it would be a question of the
ORA00YQ5FFA-00405-00115350-00115666 affairs of everyone there's no sphere
ORA00YQ5FFA-00406-00115667-00115915 separate from what is general it
ORA00YQ5FFA-00407-00115916-00116164 suffices to formulate the matter to
ORA00YQ5FFA-00408-00116165-00116426 expose the fraud everything is political
ORA00YQ5FFA-00409-00116427-00116683 that relates to the encounter the
ORA00YQ5FFA-00410-00116684-00116986 friction or the conflict between forms
ORA00YQ5FFA-00411-00116988-00117334 of life between regimes of perception
ORA00YQ5FFA-00412-00117335-00117658 between sensibilities between worlds
ORA00YQ5FFA-00413-00117659-00117971 once this contact attains a certain
ORA00YQ5FFA-00414-00117972-00118390 threshold of intensity the crossing of
ORA00YQ5FFA-00415-00118391-00118676 this threshold is signaled immediately
ORA00YQ5FFA-00416-00118677-00118921 by its effects front lines are drawn
ORA00YQ5FFA-00417-00118922-00119200 friendships and enmities are affirmed
ORA00YQ5FFA-00418-00119201-00119501 cracks appear in the uniform surface of
ORA00YQ5FFA-00419-00119502-00119737 the social there is a splitting a part
ORA00YQ5FFA-00420-00119738-00119971 of what was falsely joined together and
ORA00YQ5FFA-00421-00119972-00120219 subsurface communications
ORA00YQ5FFA-00422-00120220-00120374 between the different resulting
ORA00YQ5FFA-00423-00120375-00120752 fragments what occurred in the spring of
ORA00YQ5FFA-00424-00120753-00121032 2016 in France was not a social movement
ORA00YQ5FFA-00425-00121033-00121407 but a political conflict in the same way
ORA00YQ5FFA-00426-00121408-00121889 as 1968 this is shown by its effects by
ORA00YQ5FFA-00427-00121890-00122132 the irreversibilities that it produced
ORA00YQ5FFA-00428-00122133-00122474 by the lives that it caused to take a
ORA00YQ5FFA-00429-00122475-00122745 different path by the desertions it
ORA00YQ5FFA-00430-00122746-00123047 determined by the shared sensibility
ORA00YQ5FFA-00431-00123048-00123404 that is being affirmed since then in a
ORA00YQ5FFA-00432-00123405-00123620 part of the youth and beyond a
ORA00YQ5FFA-00433-00123621-00123799 generation could very well become
ORA00YQ5FFA-00434-00123800-00124071 uncomfortable these effects are making
ORA00YQ5FFA-00435-00124072-00124298 themselves felt even in the ranks of the
ORA00YQ5FFA-00436-00124299-00124547 Socialist Party in the split between the
ORA00YQ5FFA-00437-00124548-00124818 fractions that polarized at the time in
ORA00YQ5FFA-00438-00124819-00124947 the Fischer
ORA00YQ5FFA-00439-00124948-00125468 that condemns it to eventual implosion
ORA00YQ5FFA-00440-00125469-00125706 social movements have a structure a
ORA00YQ5FFA-00441-00125707-00126041 liturgy a protocol that define as
ORA00YQ5FFA-00442-00126042-00126270 excessive everything that escapes their
ORA00YQ5FFA-00443-00126271-00126594 bounds now not only did this conflict
ORA00YQ5FFA-00444-00126595-00126812 not cease to outstrip all the
ORA00YQ5FFA-00445-00126813-00127061 constraints whether political union or
ORA00YQ5FFA-00446-00127062-00127309 police in nature but it was basically
ORA00YQ5FFA-00447-00127310-00127593 nothing but an uninterrupted series of
ORA00YQ5FFA-00448-00127594-00127966 surges an uninterrupted series of surges
ORA00YQ5FFA-00449-00127967-00128319 which the old worn-out forms of politics
ORA00YQ5FFA-00450-00128320-00128619 tried hopelessly to catch up with the
ORA00YQ5FFA-00451-00128620-00128858 first call to demonstrate on March 9th
ORA00YQ5FFA-00452-00128859-00129266 2016 was a bypassing of the unions by
ORA00YQ5FFA-00453-00129267-00129546 youtubers where the former had no choice
ORA00YQ5FFA-00454-00129547-00129854 but to follow the latter if they meant
ORA00YQ5FFA-00455-00129855-00130146 to preserve some reason for being the
ORA00YQ5FFA-00456-00130147-00130388 subsequent demonstrations saw the
ORA00YQ5FFA-00457-00130389-00130553 continual over running of the
ORA00YQ5FFA-00458-00130554-00130784 processions by young people who
ORA00YQ5FFA-00459-00130785-00131141 positioned themselves in the lead the
ORA00YQ5FFA-00460-00131142-00131426 nuit debout initiative itself went
ORA00YQ5FFA-00461-00131427-00131663 beyond any recognised framework for
ORA00YQ5FFA-00462-00131664-00132009 mobilization the free marches starting
ORA00YQ5FFA-00463-00132010-00132272 from the Place de la Republique such as
ORA00YQ5FFA-00464-00132273-00132614 the aperitif at vales house were a
ORA00YQ5FFA-00465-00132615-00132822 spillover from nuit debout
ORA00YQ5FFA-00466-00132823-00133221 in their turn and so on the only
ORA00YQ5FFA-00467-00133222-00133446 movement demand the repeal of the law
ORA00YQ5FFA-00468-00133447-00133577 travail was
ORA00YQ5FFA-00469-00133578-00133823 not really one since it left no room for
ORA00YQ5FFA-00470-00133824-00134213 any adjustments for any dialogue with
ORA00YQ5FFA-00471-00134214-00134462 it's entirely negative character it only
ORA00YQ5FFA-00472-00134463-00134771 signified the refusal to continued being
ORA00YQ5FFA-00473-00134772-00135104 governed in this manner and for some the
ORA00YQ5FFA-00474-00135105-00135422 refusal to be governed period no one
ORA00YQ5FFA-00475-00135423-00135623 here neither from the government nor
ORA00YQ5FFA-00476-00135624-00135870 among the demonstrators was open to the
ORA00YQ5FFA-00477-00135871-00136175 least negotiation back in the days of
ORA00YQ5FFA-00478-00136176-00136439 the dialectic and the social conflict
ORA00YQ5FFA-00479-00136440-00136937 was always a moment of dialogue but here
ORA00YQ5FFA-00480-00136938-00137228 the semblances of dialogue were simply
ORA00YQ5FFA-00481-00137229-00137450 maneuvers for the state bureaucracy and
ORA00YQ5FFA-00482-00137451-00137781 the Union bureaucracy alike it was a
ORA00YQ5FFA-00483-00137782-00138057 matter of marginalizing the party that
ORA00YQ5FFA-00484-00138058-00138311 was eternally absent from all the
ORA00YQ5FFA-00485-00138312-00138554 negotiating tables the party of the
ORA00YQ5FFA-00486-00138555-00138779 street which this time was the whole
ORA00YQ5FFA-00487-00138780-00139112 enchilada it was a frontal shock between
ORA00YQ5FFA-00488-00139113-00139358 two forces government against
ORA00YQ5FFA-00489-00139359-00139697 demonstrators between two worlds and two
ORA00YQ5FFA-00490-00139698-00140111 ideas of the world a world of profit
ORA00YQ5FFA-00491-00140112-00140384 ears presided over by a few profit ears
ORA00YQ5FFA-00492-00140385-00140714 in chief and a world made up of many
ORA00YQ5FFA-00493-00140715-00140958 worlds where one can breathe and dance
ORA00YQ5FFA-00494-00140959-00141365 and live right at the outset the slogan
ORA00YQ5FFA-00495-00141366-00141665 the world or nothing expressed what was
ORA00YQ5FFA-00496-00141666-00141971 at issue in reality the LOI travailler
ORA00YQ5FFA-00497-00141972-00142265 never formed the terrain of struggle but
ORA00YQ5FFA-00498-00142266-00142562 rather its detonator there could never
ORA00YQ5FFA-00499-00142563-00142871 be any final reconciliation there could
ORA00YQ5FFA-00500-00142872-00143123 only be a provisional winner and a loser
ORA00YQ5FFA-00501-00143124-00143504 bent on revenge what is revealed in
ORA00YQ5FFA-00502-00143505-00143741 every political eruption is the
ORA00YQ5FFA-00503-00143742-00144021 irreducible human plurality the
ORA00YQ5FFA-00504-00144022-00144287 Unsinkable heterogeneity of ways of
ORA00YQ5FFA-00505-00144288-00144638 being and doing the impossibility of the
ORA00YQ5FFA-00506-00144639-00144969 slightest totalization for every
ORA00YQ5FFA-00507-00144970-00145172 civilization motivated by the drive
ORA00YQ5FFA-00508-00145173-00145502 towards the one this will always be a
ORA00YQ5FFA-00509-00145503-00145799 scandal there are no strictly political
ORA00YQ5FFA-00510-00145800-00146147 words or language there is only a
ORA00YQ5FFA-00511-00146148-00146483 political use of language in situation
ORA00YQ5FFA-00512-00146484-00146836 in the face of a determinant adversity
ORA00YQ5FFA-00513-00146837-00147112 that Iraq is thrown at a riot cop does
ORA00YQ5FFA-00514-00147113-00147441 not make it a political rock nor are
ORA00YQ5FFA-00515-00147442-00147651 there any political entities such as
ORA00YQ5FFA-00516-00147652-00148135 France a party or a man what is
ORA00YQ5FFA-00517-00148136-00148326 political about them is the inner
ORA00YQ5FFA-00518-00148327-00148563 conflict shoe a leti that troubles them
ORA00YQ5FFA-00519-00148564-00148779 it's the tension between the
ORA00YQ5FFA-00520-00148780-00149011 antagonistic components that constitute
ORA00YQ5FFA-00521-00149012-00149350 them at the moment when the beautiful
ORA00YQ5FFA-00522-00149351-00149757 image of their unity breaks into pieces
ORA00YQ5FFA-00523-00149758-00150070 we need to abandon the idea that there
ORA00YQ5FFA-00524-00150071-00150286 is politics only where there is vision
ORA00YQ5FFA-00525-00150287-00150649 program project and perspective where
ORA00YQ5FFA-00526-00150650-00150874 there is a goal decisions to be made and
ORA00YQ5FFA-00527-00150875-00151191 problems to be solved what is truly
ORA00YQ5FFA-00528-00151192-00151426 political is only what emerges from life
ORA00YQ5FFA-00529-00151427-00151776 and what makes it a definite oriented
ORA00YQ5FFA-00530-00151777-00152032 reality and it is born from what is
ORA00YQ5FFA-00531-00152033-00152338 nearby and not from a projection towards
ORA00YQ5FFA-00532-00152339-00152652 the far distant the nearby doesn't mean
ORA00YQ5FFA-00533-00152653-00152872 the restricted the limited the narrow
ORA00YQ5FFA-00534-00152873-00153262 the local it means rather what is in
ORA00YQ5FFA-00535-00153263-00153738 tune vibrant adequate present sensible
ORA00YQ5FFA-00536-00153739-00154203 luminous and familiar the prehensile and
ORA00YQ5FFA-00537-00154204-00154621 the comprehensible it's not a spatial
ORA00YQ5FFA-00538-00154622-00154918 notion but netha chol one geographic
ORA00YQ5FFA-00539-00154919-00155161 distance is unable to remove us from
ORA00YQ5FFA-00540-00155162-00155457 that which we feel to be near
ORA00YQ5FFA-00541-00155458-00155746 conversely being neighbors doesn't
ORA00YQ5FFA-00542-00155747-00156043 always make us close it's only from
ORA00YQ5FFA-00543-00156044-00156351 contact that the friend and the enemy
ORA00YQ5FFA-00544-00156352-00156602 are discovered a political situation
ORA00YQ5FFA-00545-00156603-00156931 does not result from a decision but from
ORA00YQ5FFA-00546-00156932-00157186 the shock or the meeting between several
ORA00YQ5FFA-00547-00157187-00157593 decisions whoever starts from the nearby
ORA00YQ5FFA-00548-00157594-00157870 doesn't forego what is distant they
ORA00YQ5FFA-00549-00157871-00158040 simply give themselves a chance to get
ORA00YQ5FFA-00550-00158041-00158340 there for it's always from the here and
ORA00YQ5FFA-00551-00158341-00158620 now that the far away is given it's
ORA00YQ5FFA-00552-00158621-00158814 always here that the distant touches us
ORA00YQ5FFA-00553-00158815-00159088 and that we care about it and this holds
ORA00YQ5FFA-00554-00159089-00159366 true in spite of the estrangement power
ORA00YQ5FFA-00555-00159367-00159881 of images cybernetics and the social
ORA00YQ5FFA-00556-00159882-00160106 a real political force can be
ORA00YQ5FFA-00557-00160107-00160415 constructed only from near to near for a
ORA00YQ5FFA-00558-00160416-00160679 moment to moment and not through a mere
ORA00YQ5FFA-00559-00160680-00160948 statement of purposes besides
ORA00YQ5FFA-00560-00160949-00161297 determining ends is still a means one
ORA00YQ5FFA-00561-00161298-00161615 uses means only in a situation even a
ORA00YQ5FFA-00562-00161616-00162008 marathon is always run step by step this
ORA00YQ5FFA-00563-00162009-00162266 way of situating what is political in
ORA00YQ5FFA-00564-00162267-00162619 the near by which is not the domestic is
ORA00YQ5FFA-00565-00162620-00162935 the most precious contribution of a
ORA00YQ5FFA-00566-00162936-00163322 certain autonomous feminism in its time
ORA00YQ5FFA-00567-00163323-00163574 it through the ideology of entire
ORA00YQ5FFA-00568-00163575-00163945 leftist parties armed ones into a crisis
ORA00YQ5FFA-00569-00163946-00164249 the fact that feminists subsequently
ORA00YQ5FFA-00570-00164250-00164486 contributed to read isten Singh the
ORA00YQ5FFA-00571-00164487-00164915 nearby the everyday by ideologized it by
ORA00YQ5FFA-00572-00164916-00165262 politicizing it externally discursively
ORA00YQ5FFA-00573-00165263-00165503 constitutes the part of the feminist
ORA00YQ5FFA-00574-00165504-00165794 legacy that one can very well decline to
ORA00YQ5FFA-00575-00165795-00166166 accept and to be sure everything in this
ORA00YQ5FFA-00576-00166167-00166391 world is designed to distract us from
ORA00YQ5FFA-00577-00166392-00167020 what is there very close the everyday is
ORA00YQ5FFA-00578-00167021-00167324 predisposed to be the place which a
ORA00YQ5FFA-00579-00167325-00167573 certain stiffness would like to preserve
ORA00YQ5FFA-00580-00167574-00167879 from conflicts and effects that are too
ORA00YQ5FFA-00581-00167880-00168119 intense it's precisely that very
ORA00YQ5FFA-00582-00168120-00168383 cowardice that lets everything slide and
ORA00YQ5FFA-00583-00168384-00168677 ends up making the everyday so sticky
ORA00YQ5FFA-00584-00168678-00169166 and our relations so viscous if we were
ORA00YQ5FFA-00585-00169167-00169457 more serene more sure of ourselves if we
ORA00YQ5FFA-00586-00169458-00169691 had less fear of conflict and of the
ORA00YQ5FFA-00587-00169692-00169859 disruption an encounter might bring
ORA00YQ5FFA-00588-00169860-00170204 there consequences would likely be less
ORA00YQ5FFA-00589-00170205-00170480 disagreeable and perhaps not
ORA00YQ5FFA-00590-00170481-00170755 disagreeable at all
ORA00YQ5FFA-00591-00170756-00171008 this has been a production of audible
ORA00YQ5FFA-00592-00171009-00171194 anarchist you can find more audible
ORA00YQ5FFA-00593-00171195-00171979 anarchist on YouTube
ORA00YQ5FFA-00594-00171980-00172186 you
OT3z30FIRkA-00000-00000048-00000495 i just had an inquiry from a company and
OT3z30FIRkA-00001-00000496-00000743 i looked at their website
OT3z30FIRkA-00002-00000744-00001119 and they said in their industry
OT3z30FIRkA-00003-00001120-00001399 we we delivered the service of the ritz
OT3z30FIRkA-00004-00001400-00001491 count
OT3z30FIRkA-00005-00001492-00001767 carlton with the efficiency
OT3z30FIRkA-00006-00001768-00002151 of fedex
OT3z30FIRkA-00007-00002152-00002495 if you were using one line to describe
OT3z30FIRkA-00008-00002496-00002639 your service
OT3z30FIRkA-00009-00002640-00003063 i'm sure you would agree that gives us
OT3z30FIRkA-00010-00003064-00003303 more information than the amount of
OT3z30FIRkA-00011-00003304-00003638 words
OT3z30FIRkA-00012-00003639-00003975 and the time it takes to say them
OT3z30FIRkA-00013-00003976-00004470 one other example of thinking visually
OT3z30FIRkA-00014-00004471-00004911 i was coaching a lawyer on a speech
OT3z30FIRkA-00015-00004912-00005279 about modern day slavery and i said you
OT3z30FIRkA-00016-00005280-00005463 have to tell a story of modern day
OT3z30FIRkA-00017-00005464-00005551 slavery
OT3z30FIRkA-00018-00005552-00005886 through the eyes of a man a woman
OT3z30FIRkA-00019-00005887-00006254 and a couple it's the principle of
OT3z30FIRkA-00020-00006255-00006422 you tell the story of the war through
OT3z30FIRkA-00021-00006423-00006710 the eyes of one soldier
OT3z30FIRkA-00022-00006711-00006967 so you tell the story of your service
OT3z30FIRkA-00023-00006968-00007083 through the eyes of one of your
OT3z30FIRkA-00024-00007084-00007527 customers
OT3z30FIRkA-00025-00007528-00007727 and she was talking about a young woman
OT3z30FIRkA-00026-00007728-00008039 and we've all seen the stories on
OT3z30FIRkA-00027-00008040-00008287 law and order and in movies meets the
OT3z30FIRkA-00028-00008288-00008471 handsome man
OT3z30FIRkA-00029-00008472-00008727 sweeps her off her feet she goes up and
OT3z30FIRkA-00030-00008728-00008903 she ends up in a
OT3z30FIRkA-00031-00008904-00009119 life of prostitution and not in a
OT3z30FIRkA-00032-00009120-00009319 high-rise in las vegas with glamorous
OT3z30FIRkA-00033-00009320-00009631 clothes
OT3z30FIRkA-00034-00009632-00009991 and what the lawyer said was
OT3z30FIRkA-00035-00009992-00010335 he promised her many things
OT3z30FIRkA-00036-00010336-00011023 i said no he didn't hang out
OT3z30FIRkA-00037-00011024-00011327 he promised her a life of romance and
OT3z30FIRkA-00038-00011328-00011559 adventure
OT3z30FIRkA-00039-00011560-00011942 see the difference those two words
OT3z30FIRkA-00040-00011943-00012214 give you more information and you
OT3z30FIRkA-00041-00012215-00012414 understand why a young woman
OT3z30FIRkA-00042-00012415-00012710 would leave the safety of home and go
OT3z30FIRkA-00043-00012711-00012846 off with a man
OT3z30FIRkA-00044-00012847-00013528 she really hardly knows
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00000-00000012-00000323 in fluid dynamics wind wave modeling
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00001-00000324-00000509 describes the effort to depict the sea
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00002-00000509-00000692 state and predict the evolution of the
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00003-00000693-00000904 energy of wind waves using numerical
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00004-00000905-00001193 techniques these simulations consider
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00005-00001194-00001433 atmospheric wind forcing nonlinear wave
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00006-00001434-00001609 interactions and frictional dissipation
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00007-00001610-00001859 and they output statistics describing
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00008-00001860-00002059 wave heights periods and propagation
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00009-00002060-00002293 directions for regional seas or global
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00010-00002294-00002600 oceans such wave hindcast sand wave
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00011-00002601-00002807 forecasts are extremely important for
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00012-00002808-00003007 commercial interests on the high seas
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00013-00003008-00003242 for example the shipping industry
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00014-00003243-00003461 requires guidance for operational
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00015-00003461-00003626 planning and tactical sea keeping
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00016-00003627-00003794 purposes for the specific case of
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00017-00003795-00004004 predicting wind wave statistics on the
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00018-00004004-00004058 ocean
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00019-00004059-00004256 the term ocean surface wave model is
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00020-00004257-00004568 used other applications in particular
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00021-00004569-00004775 coastal engineering have led to the
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00022-00004776-00004940 developments of wind wave models
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00023-00004941-00005120 specifically designed for coastal
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00024-00005121-00006241 applications topic historical overview
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00025-00006242-00006506 early forecasts of the sea state were
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00026-00006506-00006701 created manually based upon empirical
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00027-00006702-00006914 relationships between the present state
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00028-00006915-00007133 of the sea the expected wind conditions
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00029-00007134-00007328 the fetched duration and the direction
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00030-00007329-00007609 of the wave propagation alternatively
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00031-00007611-00007789 the swell part of the state has been
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00032-00007790-00008108 forecasted as early as 1920 using remote
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00033-00008109-00008395 observations during the 1950s and 1960s
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00034-00008396-00008630 much of the theoretical groundwork
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00035-00008631-00008855 necessary for numerical descriptions of
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00036-00008856-00009149 wave evolution was laid for forecasting
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00037-00009150-00009374 purposes it was realized that the random
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00038-00009375-00009535 nature of the sea state was best
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00039-00009536-00009760 described by a spectral decomposition in
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00040-00009761-00009910 which the energy of the waves was
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00041-00009911-00010103 attributed to as many wave trains as
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00042-00010104-00010334 necessary each with a specific direction
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00043-00010335-00010603 and period this approach allowed to make
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00044-00010604-00010802 combined forecasts of wind seas and
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00045-00010803-00011099 swells the first numerical model based
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00046-00011100-00011303 on the spectral decomposition of the sea
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00047-00011304-00011612 state was operated in 1956 by the French
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00048-00011613-00011816 Weather Service and focused on the North
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00049-00011817-00012139 Atlantic the 1970s saw the first
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00050-00012140-00012385 operational hemispheric wave model the
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00051-00012386-00012662 spectral wave ocean model s wom at the
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00052-00012663-00012827 fleet numerical oceanography centre
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00053-00012828-00013085 first generation wave models did not
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00054-00013086-00013400 consider nonlinear wave interactions
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00055-00013401-00013603 second generation models available by
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00056-00013604-00013855 the early 1980s parameterised these
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00057-00013856-00014155 interactions they included the coupled
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00058-00014156-00014416 hybrid and coupled discrete formulations
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00059-00014416-00014696 third generation models explicitly
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00060-00014697-00014891 represent all the physics relevant for
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00061-00014891-00015080 the development of the sea state in two
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00062-00015081-00015374 dimensions the wave modeling project
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00063-00015375-00015593 Wham an international effort led to the
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00064-00015594-00015763 refinement of modern wave modeling
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00065-00015765-00016050 techniques during the decade 1984 to
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00066-00016051-00016421 1994 improvements included two-way
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00067-00016422-00016583 coupling between wind and waves
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00068-00016584-00016822 assimilation of satellite wave data and
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00069-00016823-00017083 medium-range operational forecasting
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00070-00017084-00017380 wind wave models are used in the context
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00071-00017381-00017653 of a forecasting or hind casting system
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00072-00017654-00017905 differences in model results arise with
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00073-00017906-00018089 decreasing order of importance from
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00074-00018090-00018289 differences in wind and sea ice forcing
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00075-00018290-00018527 differences in parameterizations of
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00076-00018528-00018722 physical processes the use of data
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00077-00018723-00018947 assimilation and associated methods and
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00078-00018948-00019147 the numerical techniques used to solve
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00079-00019148-00019909 the wave energy evolution equation topic
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00080-00019910-00021236 general strategy topic input a wave
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00081-00021237-00021443 model requires as initial conditions
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00082-00021444-00021637 information describing the state of the
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00083-00021638-00021947 sea an analysis of the sea or ocean can
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00084-00021948-00022103 be created through data assimilation
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00085-00022104-00022346 where observations such as boy or
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00086-00022347-00022528 satellite altimeters Ehrman's are
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00087-00022529-00022711 combined with a background guess from a
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00088-00022712-00022936 previous forecast or climatology to
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00089-00022937-00023096 create the best estimate of the ongoing
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00090-00023097-00023453 conditions in practice many forecasting
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00091-00023454-00023639 system rely only on the previous
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00092-00023640-00023846 forecasts without any assimilation of
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00093-00023847-00024068 observations a more critical input is
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00094-00024069-00024350 the forcing by wind fields a
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00095-00024351-00024550 time-varying map of wind speed and
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00096-00024551-00024824 directions the most common sources of
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00097-00024825-00025015 errors in wave model results are the
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00098-00025016-00025300 errors in the wind field ocean currents
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00099-00025301-00025525 can also be important in particular in
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00100-00025526-00025706 western boundary currents such as the
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00101-00025707-00025958 Gulf Stream Kuroshio or aguilas current
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00102-00025958-00026192 or in coastal areas where tidal currents
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00103-00026193-00026458 are strong waves are also affected by
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00104-00026459-00026705 sea ice and icebergs and all operational
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00105-00026706-00026920 global wave models take at least the sea
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00106-00026921-00027964 ice into account topic representation
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00107-00027964-00028262 the sea state is described as a spectrum
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00108-00028263-00028469 the sea surface can be decomposed into
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00109-00028470-00028690 waves of varying frequencies using the
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00110-00028691-00028976 principle of superposition the waves are
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00111-00028977-00029189 also separated by their direction of
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00112-00029189-00029456 propagation the model domain size can
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00113-00029457-00029686 range from regional to the global ocean
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00114-00029687-00029951 smaller domains can be nested within a
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00115-00029952-00030115 global domain to provide higher
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00116-00030116-00030412 resolution in a region of interest the
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00117-00030413-00030608 sea state evolves according to physical
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00118-00030608-00030782 equations based on a spectral
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00119-00030783-00030970 representation of the conservation of
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00120-00030971-00031148 wave action which include wave
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00121-00031149-00031382 propagation advection refraction by
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00122-00031383-00031601 bathymetric and currents shoaling and a
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00123-00031602-00031769 source function which allows for wave
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00124-00031770-00032065 energy to be augmented or diminished the
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00125-00032066-00032267 source function has at least three terms
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00126-00032268-00032501 wind forcing nonlinear transfer and
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00127-00032502-00032798 dissipation by white capping wind data
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00128-00032799-00033001 are typically provided from a separate
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00129-00033002-00033208 atmospheric model from an operational
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00130-00033209-00033479 weather forecasting center for
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00131-00033480-00033680 intermediate water depths the effect of
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00132-00033681-00033895 bottom friction should also be added at
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00133-00033896-00034169 ocean scales the dissipation of swells
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00134-00034170-00034387 without breaking is a very important
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00135-00034388-00034874 term
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00136-00034875-00035502 topic output the output of a wind wave
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00137-00035503-00035673 model is a description of the wave
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00138-00035674-00035907 spectra with amplitudes associated with
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00139-00035908-00036161 each frequency and propagation direction
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00140-00036162-00036408 results are typically summarized by the
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00141-00036409-00036591 significant wave height which is the
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00142-00036592-00036807 average height of the 1/3 largest waves
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00143-00036808-00037050 and the period and propagation direction
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00144-00037051-00037770 of the dominant wave topic coupled
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00145-00037771-00038343 models wind waves also act to modify
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00146-00038344-00038502 atmospheric properties through
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00147-00038503-00038694 frictional drag of near surface winds
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00148-00038695-00039006 and heat fluxes to weigh coupled models
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00149-00039007-00039204 allow the wave activity to feed back
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00150-00039205-00039504 upon the atmosphere the European Centre
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00151-00039505-00039773 for medium-range weather forecasts ECMWF
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00152-00039774-00040056 coupled atmosphere wave forecast system
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00153-00040057-00040269 described below facilitates this through
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00154-00040270-00040458 exchange of the charnok parameter which
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00155-00040459-00040737 controls the sea surface roughness this
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00156-00040738-00040926 allows the atmosphere to respond to
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00157-00040927-00041121 changes in the surface roughness as the
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00158-00041122-00041889 wind c builds up or decays topic
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00159-00041890-00043419 examples topic WAV e WATC h the
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00160-00043420-00043654 operational wave forecasting systems at
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00161-00043655-00044052 NOAA are based on the wav e WATC h 3r
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00162-00044053-00044382 model this system has a global domain of
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00163-00044383-00044619 approximately 50 kilometres resolution
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00164-00044620-00044808 with nested regional domains for the
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00165-00044809-00045018 Northern Hemisphere oceanic basins at
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00166-00045019-00045216 approximately 18 kilometres and
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00167-00045217-00045467 approximately 7 kilometres resolution
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00168-00045468-00045741 physics includes wave field refraction
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00169-00045742-00045996 nonlinear resonant interactions sub grid
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00170-00045997-00046210 representations of unresolved islands
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00171-00046211-00046418 and dynamically updated ice coverage
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00172-00046419-00046737 when data is provided from the G das
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00173-00046738-00046983 data assimilation system for the GFS
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00174-00046984-00047319 weather model up to 2008 the model was
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00175-00047320-00047517 limited to regions outside the surf zone
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00176-00047518-00047688 where the waves are not strongly
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00177-00047689-00047923 impacted by shallow depths the model
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00178-00047924-00048105 coorporate the effects of currents on
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00179-00048106-00048312 waves from its early design by Hendrik
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00180-00048313-00048598 Tolman in the 1990s and is now extended
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00181-00048599-00049614 for near shore applications topic WAM
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00182-00049615-00049870 the wave model Wham was the first
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00183-00049871-00050098 so-called third-generation prognostic
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00184-00050099-00050277 wave model where the two-dimensional
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00185-00050278-00050443 wave spectrum was allowed to evolve
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00186-00050444-00050692 freely up to a cutoff frequency with no
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00187-00050693-00050943 constraints on the spectral shape the
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00188-00050944-00051118 model underwent a series of software
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00189-00051119-00051325 updates from its inception in the late
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00190-00051326-00051702 1980s the last official release is cycle
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00191-00051703-00051994 4.5 maintained by the German Helmholtz
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00192-00051995-00052257 centrum geese fact ECMWF has
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00193-00052258-00052479 incorporated Wham into its deterministic
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00194-00052480-00052692 and ensemble forecasting system known as
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00195-00052694-00053016 the integrated forecast system ifs the
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00196-00053017-00053299 model currently comprises 36 frequency
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00197-00053300-00053569 bins and 36 propagation directions at an
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00198-00053570-00053797 average spatial resolution of 25
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00199-00053798-00054094 kilometers the model has been coupled to
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00200-00054095-00054303 the atmospheric component of if since
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00201-00054304-00054754 1998 topic other models wind wave
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00202-00054754-00054954 forecasts are issued regionally by
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00203-00054955-00055150 Environment Canada regional wave
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00204-00055151-00055321 predictions are also produced by
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00205-00055322-00055554 universities such as Texas A&M
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00206-00055555-00055753 universities use of the Swan model
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00207-00055754-00055929 developed by Delft University of
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00208-00055930-00056163 Technology to forecast waves in the Gulf
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00209-00056164-00056497 of Mexico another model CCH e 2d coast
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00210-00056498-00056722 is a processors based integrated model
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00211-00056723-00056929 which is capable of simulating coastal
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00212-00056929-00057094 processes in different coasts with
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00213-00057095-00057288 complex shorelines such as a regular
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00214-00057289-00057472 wave deformation from offshore to
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00215-00057473-00057669 onshore near shore currents induced by
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00216-00057670-00057922 radiation stresses wave setup waves set
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00217-00057923-00058138 down sediment transport and seabed
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00218-00058139-00058351 morphological changes other wind wave
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00219-00058352-00058600 models include the US Navy standard surf
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00220-00058601-00059841 model NSS M topic validation comparison
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00221-00059842-00060006 of the wave model forecasts with
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00222-00060007-00060156 observations is essential for
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00223-00060157-00060379 characterizing model deficiencies and
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00224-00060379-00060609 identifying areas for improvement in
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00225-00060610-00060891 situ observations are obtained from boys
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00226-00060892-00061206 ships and oil platforms altimetry data
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00227-00061207-00061315 from saddle
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00228-00061316-00061708 such as GE OS AT&T ope X can also be
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00229-00061709-00061903 used to infer the characteristics of
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00230-00061904-00062227 wind waves hind casts of wave models
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00231-00062228-00062466 during extreme conditions also serves as
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00232-00062467-00063277 a useful testbed for the models topic re
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00233-00063278-00063879 analyzers a retrospective analysis or
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00234-00063880-00064075 reanalysis combines all available
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00235-00064076-00064294 observations with a physical model to
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00236-00064295-00064474 describe the state of a system over a
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00237-00064475-00064783 time period of decades wind waves are a
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00238-00064784-00065047 part of both the NCE Peary analysis and
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00239-00065048-00065449 the era 40 from the ECMWF such resources
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00240-00065450-00065638 permit the creation of monthly wave
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00241-00065639-00065884 climatologies and contract the variation
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00242-00065885-00066085 of wave activity on inter-annual and
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00243-00066086-00066388 multidecadal timescales during the
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00244-00066389-00066565 Northern Hemisphere winter the most
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00245-00066566-00066802 intense wave activity is located in the
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00246-00066803-00066973 central North Pacific south of the
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00247-00066974-00067126 Aleutians and in the central North
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00248-00067127-00067411 Atlantic south of Iceland during the
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00249-00067412-00067612 Southern Hemisphere winter intense wave
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00250-00067613-00067810 activity circumscribes the pole at
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00251-00067811-00068056 around 50 degrees south with 5 metres
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00252-00068057-00068251 significant wave heights typical in the
OU_xB8Tkcjg-00253-00068252-00068536 southern Indian Ocean
OZk9JzfLmtg-00001-00003937-00004756 let's go let's go let's go
OZk9JzfLmtg-00002-00004757-00006041 careful and quiet
OZk9JzfLmtg-00003-00006042-00006318 yes
OZk9JzfLmtg-00004-00006319-00007384 take that
OZk9JzfLmtg-00005-00007386-00009955 foreign
OZk9JzfLmtg-00006-00009956-00010391 can I help
OZk9JzfLmtg-00007-00010392-00010745 I'll take care of your command at once
OZk9JzfLmtg-00008-00010746-00011021 do you need me immediately
OZk9JzfLmtg-00009-00011022-00011860 yeah
OZk9JzfLmtg-00010-00011861-00012173 careful and quiet
OZk9JzfLmtg-00011-00012174-00012287 yes
OZk9JzfLmtg-00012-00012288-00012384 very well
OZk9JzfLmtg-00013-00012385-00013794 [Music]
OZk9JzfLmtg-00014-00013795-00015238 careful and quiet
OZk9JzfLmtg-00015-00015240-00016499 space nice and still
OZk9JzfLmtg-00016-00016500-00016775 speak your mind how can I hear command
OZk9JzfLmtg-00017-00016776-00016925 yes
OZk9JzfLmtg-00018-00016926-00017141 agreed
OZk9JzfLmtg-00019-00017142-00017800 yes
OZk9JzfLmtg-00020-00017801-00018015 speak your mind huh
OZk9JzfLmtg-00021-00018016-00018593 [Music]
OZk9JzfLmtg-00022-00018594-00019150 good
OZk9JzfLmtg-00023-00019151-00019775 foreign
OZk9JzfLmtg-00024-00019776-00021609 [Music]
OZk9JzfLmtg-00025-00021610-00022997 [Music]
OZk9JzfLmtg-00027-00028970-00029599 [Music]
OZk9JzfLmtg-00028-00029600-00030417 careful and quiet
OZk9JzfLmtg-00029-00030418-00031223 [Music]
OZk9JzfLmtg-00030-00031224-00031499 how can I help
OZk9JzfLmtg-00031-00031500-00031933 your command
OZk9JzfLmtg-00032-00031933-00032496 your time
OZk9JzfLmtg-00033-00032497-00033929 name your task
OZk9JzfLmtg-00034-00033930-00034307 speak of course
OZk9JzfLmtg-00035-00034308-00034918 something amiss
OZk9JzfLmtg-00036-00034919-00035245 how can I help
OZk9JzfLmtg-00037-00035246-00036605 your command very well
OZk9JzfLmtg-00038-00036606-00038375 yes at once
OZk9JzfLmtg-00039-00038376-00041165 [Music]
OZk9JzfLmtg-00040-00041166-00041483 speak your mom very well
OZk9JzfLmtg-00041-00041484-00042955 let's go let's go let's go
OZk9JzfLmtg-00042-00042956-00043446 let's go
OZk9JzfLmtg-00043-00043447-00043951 thank you
OZk9JzfLmtg-00044-00043952-00044311 can I help
OZk9JzfLmtg-00045-00044312-00044689 me
OZk9JzfLmtg-00046-00044690-00045735 your command forward
OZk9JzfLmtg-00047-00045736-00046558 [Music]
OZk9JzfLmtg-00048-00046559-00047051 careful and quiet
OZk9JzfLmtg-00049-00047052-00047315 you want a taste this
OZk9JzfLmtg-00050-00047316-00048127 is
OZk9JzfLmtg-00051-00048128-00048493 Victory
OZk9JzfLmtg-00052-00048494-00048868 speak your mind
OZk9JzfLmtg-00053-00048869-00049235 materials
OZk9JzfLmtg-00054-00049236-00050027 onward
OZk9JzfLmtg-00055-00050028-00050567 your command forward
OZk9JzfLmtg-00056-00050568-00050873 what's up
OZk9JzfLmtg-00057-00050874-00051446 thank you
OZk9JzfLmtg-00058-00051447-00053332 [Music]
OZk9JzfLmtg-00059-00053333-00055123 of course
OZk9JzfLmtg-00060-00055124-00055500 taste my steel
OZk9JzfLmtg-00061-00055501-00056063 what is it
OZk9JzfLmtg-00062-00056064-00057413 uh whoops take that forward
OZk9JzfLmtg-00063-00057414-00057671 yes careful and quiet speak your mind
OZk9JzfLmtg-00064-00057672-00058223 how can I help onward I'm here
OZk9JzfLmtg-00066-00061460-00062263 'll be done all right
OZk9JzfLmtg-00067-00062264-00062430 oops
OZk9JzfLmtg-00068-00062432-00062950 to battle take that I need something
OZk9JzfLmtg-00069-00062951-00063215 oops
OZk9JzfLmtg-00070-00063216-00063641 take that
OZk9JzfLmtg-00071-00063641-00063932 hi speak your Mahon word
OZk9JzfLmtg-00072-00063933-00064404 [Music]
OZk9JzfLmtg-00073-00064405-00064886 I'll take care yep
OZk9JzfLmtg-00074-00064887-00065063 [Music]
OZk9JzfLmtg-00075-00065064-00065169 hello
OZk9JzfLmtg-00076-00065170-00065309 [Music]
OZk9JzfLmtg-00077-00065310-00065832 how can I help of course
OZk9JzfLmtg-00078-00065833-00066006 yeah
OZk9JzfLmtg-00079-00066007-00067375 sounds good
OZk9JzfLmtg-00080-00067376-00067855 what's up
OZk9JzfLmtg-00081-00067856-00068381 take that
OZk9JzfLmtg-00082-00068382-00069799 sure
OZk9JzfLmtg-00083-00069800-00070181 your command name your task
OZk9JzfLmtg-00084-00070182-00070319 yes
OZk9JzfLmtg-00085-00070320-00072155 something amiss
OZk9JzfLmtg-00086-00072156-00072647 ready and willing
OZk9JzfLmtg-00088-00076145-00076588 [Applause]
OZk9JzfLmtg-00089-00076589-00076811 yes
OZk9JzfLmtg-00090-00076812-00077069 careful
OZk9JzfLmtg-00091-00077070-00077291 onward
OZk9JzfLmtg-00092-00077292-00077310 s
OZk9JzfLmtg-00093-00077311-00078161 [Music]
OZk9JzfLmtg-00094-00078162-00078682 how can I help agreed your command
OZk9JzfLmtg-00095-00078683-00080611 careful
OZk9JzfLmtg-00096-00080612-00080986 speak your mind at once
OZk9JzfLmtg-00097-00080987-00081162 [Music]
OZk9JzfLmtg-00098-00081163-00081323 yes
OZk9JzfLmtg-00099-00081324-00082675 at once
OZk9JzfLmtg-00100-00082676-00083135 [Music]
OZk9JzfLmtg-00101-00083136-00083411 good
OZk9JzfLmtg-00102-00083412-00085632 careful and quiet
OZk9JzfLmtg-00103-00085633-00086026 careful and quiet
OZk9JzfLmtg-00104-00086027-00086291 thank you
OZk9JzfLmtg-00105-00086292-00086549 speak your mind once
OZk9JzfLmtg-00106-00086550-00087706 ready
OZk9JzfLmtg-00107-00087707-00087929 your command
OZk9JzfLmtg-00108-00087930-00088579 are you ready for me
OZk9JzfLmtg-00109-00088580-00088876 [Music]
OZk9JzfLmtg-00110-00088877-00089147 okay
OZk9JzfLmtg-00111-00089148-00089281 yeah
OZk9JzfLmtg-00112-00089282-00089537 I'm dying to get out of these clothes
OZk9JzfLmtg-00113-00089538-00089761 [Music]
OZk9JzfLmtg-00114-00089762-00089987 I'll speak your mind something
OZk9JzfLmtg-00115-00089988-00090191 immediately let's spill something I'm
OZk9JzfLmtg-00116-00090192-00091132 getting pretty tired
OZk9JzfLmtg-00117-00091133-00091300 take that
OZk9JzfLmtg-00118-00091301-00091818 [Music]
OZk9JzfLmtg-00119-00091819-00092141 I have to take another step my feet will
OZk9JzfLmtg-00120-00092142-00092473 fall May the gods have mercy on you
OZk9JzfLmtg-00121-00092474-00092806 oh I could use a nap
OZk9JzfLmtg-00122-00092807-00093244 careful and quiet sounds good please I
OZk9JzfLmtg-00123-00093245-00093982 need to rest
OZk9JzfLmtg-00124-00093983-00094343 how can I help very well
OZk9JzfLmtg-00125-00094344-00095171 two battles take that
OZk9JzfLmtg-00126-00095172-00095471 your command
OZk9JzfLmtg-00127-00095472-00096311 oops yes
OZk9JzfLmtg-00128-00096312-00096599 careful and quiet
OZk9JzfLmtg-00129-00096600-00097182 speak your mind it shall be done
OZk9JzfLmtg-00130-00097183-00097499 [Music]
OZk9JzfLmtg-00131-00097500-00097693 can I help forward
OZk9JzfLmtg-00132-00097694-00098759 [Music]
OZk9JzfLmtg-00134-00102635-00103110 May the gods have mercy
OZk9JzfLmtg-00135-00103111-00103954 oh take that to battle I am down
OZk9JzfLmtg-00136-00103955-00104058 do you need something
OZk9JzfLmtg-00137-00104059-00104308 [Music]
OZk9JzfLmtg-00138-00104309-00104506 I once read a book about how not to die
OZk9JzfLmtg-00139-00104507-00104734 speak your mind
OZk9JzfLmtg-00140-00104735-00107573 how can I have forward
OZk9JzfLmtg-00142-00110853-00111436 [Music]
OZk9JzfLmtg-00143-00111438-00112577 I'll take care ready
OZk9JzfLmtg-00144-00112578-00113432 hi
OZk9JzfLmtg-00145-00113433-00113754 [Music]
OZk9JzfLmtg-00146-00113755-00114486 careful yes once
OZk9JzfLmtg-00147-00114488-00114799 thank you
OZk9JzfLmtg-00148-00114800-00115684 speak your mind once
OZk9JzfLmtg-00149-00115685-00116243 careful and quiet
OZk9JzfLmtg-00150-00116244-00116404 onward
OZk9JzfLmtg-00151-00116405-00117084 [Music]
OZk9JzfLmtg-00152-00117085-00117619 careful and quiet
OZk9JzfLmtg-00153-00117620-00117833 [Music]
OZk9JzfLmtg-00155-00122711-00122934 of course
OZk9JzfLmtg-00156-00122935-00123732 yes onward
OZk9JzfLmtg-00157-00123733-00124063 [Music]
OZk9JzfLmtg-00158-00124064-00124260 speak your mind
OZk9JzfLmtg-00159-00124261-00124758 how can I help forward
OZk9JzfLmtg-00160-00124759-00126003 careful and quiet
OZk9JzfLmtg-00161-00126004-00126377 [Music]
OZk9JzfLmtg-00162-00126378-00127393 careful and quiet
OZk9JzfLmtg-00163-00127394-00127969 May the gods have mercy on me
OZk9JzfLmtg-00164-00127970-00129197 take that
OZk9JzfLmtg-00165-00129198-00129827 onward
OZk9JzfLmtg-00166-00129828-00130145 uh-huh
OZk9JzfLmtg-00167-00130146-00130445 very well speak your mind
OZk9JzfLmtg-00168-00130446-00131375 at once
OZk9JzfLmtg-00169-00131376-00131686 careful and quiet
OZk9JzfLmtg-00170-00131687-00132869 [Music]
OZk9JzfLmtg-00171-00132870-00134155 foreign
OZk9JzfLmtg-00173-00138630-00138833 [Music]
OZk9JzfLmtg-00174-00138834-00141204 oops
OZk9JzfLmtg-00175-00141205-00141572 oh my God
OZk9JzfLmtg-00176-00141573-00141737 [Music]
OZk9JzfLmtg-00177-00141738-00141875 hmm
OZk9JzfLmtg-00178-00141876-00142740 a subtlety isn't your best quality
OZk9JzfLmtg-00179-00142741-00143173 yes
OZk9JzfLmtg-00180-00143174-00143527 I'm listening all right
OZk9JzfLmtg-00181-00143528-00144307 you betcha
OZk9JzfLmtg-00182-00144308-00144515 you are making I'll do my best
OZk9JzfLmtg-00183-00144516-00144863 [Music]
OZk9JzfLmtg-00184-00144864-00145909 do you need me here
OZk9JzfLmtg-00185-00145910-00146825 what is it
OZk9JzfLmtg-00186-00146826-00147123 face me if you dare
OZk9JzfLmtg-00187-00147124-00147816 [Music]
OZk9JzfLmtg-00188-00147817-00148066 not a problem
OZk9JzfLmtg-00189-00148067-00149323 [Music]
OZk9JzfLmtg-00190-00149324-00150007 [Music]
OZk9JzfLmtg-00191-00150008-00150666 careful and quiet
OZk9JzfLmtg-00192-00150667-00150835 [Music]
OZk9JzfLmtg-00193-00150836-00151109 how can I help
OZk9JzfLmtg-00194-00151110-00151727 it shall be done
OZk9JzfLmtg-00195-00151728-00151895 your command
OZk9JzfLmtg-00196-00151896-00152435 yes careful and quiet
OZk9JzfLmtg-00197-00152436-00152740 hi
OZk9JzfLmtg-00198-00152741-00153461 sure
OZk9JzfLmtg-00199-00153462-00153943 speak your forward
OZk9JzfLmtg-00200-00153944-00154804 how can I help at once
OZk9JzfLmtg-00201-00154805-00155063 yep
OZk9JzfLmtg-00202-00155064-00155992 okay
OZk9JzfLmtg-00203-00155993-00157456 [Music]
OZk9JzfLmtg-00204-00157457-00157693 [Music]
OZk9JzfLmtg-00205-00157694-00157866 yes
OZk9JzfLmtg-00206-00157867-00158207 speak your mind it shall be done
OZk9JzfLmtg-00207-00158208-00158919 here we go
OZk9JzfLmtg-00208-00158920-00159311 [Music]
OZk9JzfLmtg-00209-00159312-00159559 victory
OZk9JzfLmtg-00210-00159560-00159940 God's grant me strength
OZk9JzfLmtg-00211-00159941-00160109 how can I help
OZk9JzfLmtg-00212-00160110-00160364 your command of course
OZk9JzfLmtg-00213-00160365-00160607 [Music]
OZk9JzfLmtg-00214-00160608-00161273 something amiss
OZk9JzfLmtg-00215-00161274-00161440 can I help
OZk9JzfLmtg-00216-00161441-00161602 I'll do my best
OZk9JzfLmtg-00217-00161603-00162490 hello
OZk9JzfLmtg-00218-00162491-00162637 I'm here
OZk9JzfLmtg-00219-00162638-00163276 [Music]
OZk9JzfLmtg-00220-00163277-00163631 your life is forfeit
OZk9JzfLmtg-00221-00163632-00164171 yes onward
OZk9JzfLmtg-00222-00164172-00165790 foreign
OZk9JzfLmtg-00223-00165791-00167525 [Music]
OZk9JzfLmtg-00224-00167526-00168319 speak your mind
OZk9JzfLmtg-00225-00168320-00168766 what's up no problem
OZk9JzfLmtg-00226-00168767-00168976 huh
OZk9JzfLmtg-00227-00168977-00169211 how can I help
OZk9JzfLmtg-00228-00169212-00169366 your command
OZk9JzfLmtg-00229-00169367-00169775 yes
OZk9JzfLmtg-00230-00169776-00169937 ready
OZk9JzfLmtg-00231-00169938-00170339 sure
OZk9JzfLmtg-00232-00170340-00170669 to take that speak your mind
OZk9JzfLmtg-00233-00170670-00170989 onward
OZk9JzfLmtg-00234-00170990-00171697 yeah fine fine
OZk9JzfLmtg-00235-00171698-00171851 [Music]
OZk9JzfLmtg-00236-00171852-00172249 how can I help at once
OZk9JzfLmtg-00237-00172250-00172949 your command and quiet
OZk9JzfLmtg-00238-00172950-00174640 Grace
OZk9JzfLmtg-00239-00174641-00175402 name your task
OZk9JzfLmtg-00240-00175403-00176195 s
OZk9JzfLmtg-00241-00176196-00178499 be careful it's fine
OZk9JzfLmtg-00242-00178500-00179838 speak your mind it shall be done
OZk9JzfLmtg-00243-00179839-00182656 careful and quiet
OZk9JzfLmtg-00244-00182657-00183066 [Music]
OZk9JzfLmtg-00245-00183067-00183652 let them meet our best
OZk9JzfLmtg-00246-00183653-00185093 let them meet our best
OZk9JzfLmtg-00247-00185094-00186337 yep no problem
OZk9JzfLmtg-00248-00186338-00186971 do you need As You Wish hello no problem
OZk9JzfLmtg-00249-00186972-00187161 foreign
OZk9JzfLmtg-00250-00187162-00187469 [Music]
OZk9JzfLmtg-00251-00187470-00189133 tell me
OZk9JzfLmtg-00252-00189134-00189699 huh good
OZk9JzfLmtg-00253-00189700-00189845 [Music]
OZk9JzfLmtg-00254-00189846-00190247 whatever you need
OZk9JzfLmtg-00255-00190248-00191307 careful and quiet
OZk9JzfLmtg-00256-00191308-00193299 [Music]
OZk9JzfLmtg-00257-00193300-00193535 [Music]
OZk9JzfLmtg-00258-00193536-00193787 thank you
OZk9JzfLmtg-00259-00193788-00194188 ready
OZk9JzfLmtg-00260-00194189-00194563 foreign
OZk9JzfLmtg-00261-00194564-00196185 what's up no problem
OZk9JzfLmtg-00262-00196186-00199169 [Applause]
OZk9JzfLmtg-00263-00199170-00200254 thank you
OZk9JzfLmtg-00264-00200255-00200945 yes
OZk9JzfLmtg-00265-00200946-00202066 hi
OZk9JzfLmtg-00266-00202067-00202702 you better
OZk9JzfLmtg-00267-00202703-00203393 come on yeah hello
OZk9JzfLmtg-00268-00203394-00203657 yeah
OZk9JzfLmtg-00269-00203658-00204064 your command your life
OZk9JzfLmtg-00270-00204065-00204281 yes speak your mind
OZk9JzfLmtg-00271-00204282-00204461 how can I help
OZk9JzfLmtg-00272-00204462-00205151 forward your command
OZk9JzfLmtg-00273-00205152-00205398 careful and quiet
OZk9JzfLmtg-00274-00205400-00206503 [Music]
OZk9JzfLmtg-00275-00206504-00206682 yes
OZk9JzfLmtg-00276-00206683-00207031 careful and quiet
OZk9JzfLmtg-00277-00207032-00207309 speak your mind it shall be done
OZk9JzfLmtg-00278-00207310-00207623 [Music]
OZk9JzfLmtg-00279-00207623-00208734 supported
OZk9JzfLmtg-00280-00208735-00210184 [Music]
OZk9JzfLmtg-00281-00210185-00210473 thank you
OZk9JzfLmtg-00282-00210473-00210660 how can I agreed
OZk9JzfLmtg-00283-00210661-00211955 [Music]
OZk9JzfLmtg-00284-00211956-00212144 careful and quiet
OZk9JzfLmtg-00285-00212146-00214001 [Music]
OZk9JzfLmtg-00286-00214002-00214925 careful and quiet
OZk9JzfLmtg-00287-00214926-00215392 your command at once
OZk9JzfLmtg-00288-00215394-00215903 the victory
OZk9JzfLmtg-00289-00215904-00216132 uh of course huh
OZk9JzfLmtg-00290-00216133-00216515 [Music]
OZk9JzfLmtg-00291-00216516-00216713 they're not going anywhere
OZk9JzfLmtg-00292-00216714-00216887 ready
OZk9JzfLmtg-00293-00216888-00217032 yes
OZk9JzfLmtg-00294-00217033-00217996 careful and quiet okay
OZk9JzfLmtg-00295-00217996-00218267 [Music]
OZk9JzfLmtg-00296-00218267-00218992 speak your mind agreed
OZk9JzfLmtg-00297-00218994-00219440 careful
OZk9JzfLmtg-00298-00219441-00219582 [Music]
OZk9JzfLmtg-00299-00219583-00220446 May the gods have mercy on you
OZk9JzfLmtg-00300-00220448-00220673 careful very well
OZk9JzfLmtg-00301-00220675-00221455 [Music]
OZk9JzfLmtg-00302-00221456-00221663 thank you
OZk9JzfLmtg-00303-00221664-00222101 God's grant me strength
OZk9JzfLmtg-00304-00222102-00223151 oops
OZk9JzfLmtg-00305-00223152-00223882 yes very well
OZk9JzfLmtg-00306-00223883-00224201 [Music]
OZk9JzfLmtg-00307-00224202-00225290 foreign
OZk9JzfLmtg-00309-00230471-00230663 something amiss
OZk9JzfLmtg-00310-00230664-00231389 [Music]
OZk9JzfLmtg-00311-00231390-00231608 huh
OZk9JzfLmtg-00312-00231609-00231767 [Applause]
OZk9JzfLmtg-00313-00231767-00232108 man
OZk9JzfLmtg-00314-00232109-00232282 [Music]
OZk9JzfLmtg-00315-00232283-00232669 at once
OZk9JzfLmtg-00316-00232669-00232831 uh-huh
OZk9JzfLmtg-00317-00232832-00233219 can do
OZk9JzfLmtg-00318-00233219-00233777 ready
OZk9JzfLmtg-00319-00233778-00235079 speakers
OZk9JzfLmtg-00320-00235080-00236242 shall be done
OZk9JzfLmtg-00321-00236244-00236405 yeah
OZk9JzfLmtg-00322-00236406-00236801 agreed
OZk9JzfLmtg-00323-00236802-00236963 huh
OZk9JzfLmtg-00324-00236964-00237742 can I help
OZk9JzfLmtg-00325-00237744-00238027 yes not a problem
OZk9JzfLmtg-00326-00238028-00238548 do you need me
OZk9JzfLmtg-00327-00238550-00239069 name your task
OZk9JzfLmtg-00328-00239069-00240215 foreign
OZk9JzfLmtg-00329-00240216-00240942 yes onward
OZk9JzfLmtg-00330-00240944-00242706 careful and quiet
OZk9JzfLmtg-00331-00242707-00242963 thank you
OZk9JzfLmtg-00332-00242964-00243923 speak your mind onward
OZk9JzfLmtg-00333-00243923-00245929 careful and quiet
OZk9JzfLmtg-00334-00245930-00246227 careful and quiet
OZk9JzfLmtg-00335-00246228-00247205 foreign
OZk9JzfLmtg-00336-00247206-00247810 [Music]
OZk9JzfLmtg-00337-00247811-00248579 this is a dark place careful and quiet
OZk9JzfLmtg-00338-00248580-00248951 word
OZk9JzfLmtg-00339-00248952-00250129 [Music]
OZk9JzfLmtg-00340-00250130-00250389 careful and quiet
OZk9JzfLmtg-00341-00250390-00251446 [Music]
OZk9JzfLmtg-00342-00251448-00251577 thank you
OZk9JzfLmtg-00343-00251578-00252281 [Music]
OZk9JzfLmtg-00344-00252282-00253055 careful and quiet
OZk9JzfLmtg-00345-00253056-00254003 [Music]
OZk9JzfLmtg-00346-00254004-00254275 foreign
OZk9JzfLmtg-00347-00254276-00255073 of course
OZk9JzfLmtg-00348-00255073-00255440 careful and quiet
OZk9JzfLmtg-00349-00255441-00256253 [Music]
OZk9JzfLmtg-00350-00256254-00256384 yes
OZk9JzfLmtg-00351-00256385-00257194 at once
OZk9JzfLmtg-00352-00257196-00257555 take your mind onward
OZk9JzfLmtg-00353-00257556-00257855 what's up
OZk9JzfLmtg-00354-00257856-00258017 uh-huh
OZk9JzfLmtg-00355-00258017-00258310 tell me
OZk9JzfLmtg-00356-00258311-00258580 [Music]
OZk9JzfLmtg-00357-00258581-00258730 forward
OZk9JzfLmtg-00358-00258731-00259030 it shall be done
OZk9JzfLmtg-00359-00259031-00260653 greed
OZk9JzfLmtg-00360-00260654-00261598 [Music]
OZk9JzfLmtg-00361-00261600-00261734 thank you
OZk9JzfLmtg-00362-00261735-00262282 [Music]
OZk9JzfLmtg-00363-00262283-00262628 speak your mind thank you
OaHsxPwI0XE-00000-00000078-00001415 [Music]
OaHsxPwI0XE-00001-00001416-00001527 we have
OaHsxPwI0XE-00002-00001528-00001726 one more panel to close out the day
OaHsxPwI0XE-00003-00001727-00001975 certainly last is not least as you're
OaHsxPwI0XE-00004-00001976-00002287 about to find out um we have a stellar
OaHsxPwI0XE-00005-00002288-00002558 group of experts in the field of
OaHsxPwI0XE-00006-00002559-00002742 education to join us to close out the
OaHsxPwI0XE-00007-00002743-00002887 conference
OaHsxPwI0XE-00008-00002888-00003166 um you also have me as moderator i don't
OaHsxPwI0XE-00009-00003167-00003295 know how that happened but you're stuck
OaHsxPwI0XE-00010-00003296-00003415 with me again
OaHsxPwI0XE-00011-00003415-00003647 uh but let me tell you about our three
OaHsxPwI0XE-00012-00003647-00003790 panelists and then we'll get them
OaHsxPwI0XE-00013-00003792-00003911 started
OaHsxPwI0XE-00014-00003911-00004215 the first is uh mark burke
OaHsxPwI0XE-00015-00004216-00004511 mark is the founder of a company called
OaHsxPwI0XE-00016-00004512-00004670 mindset which you can see right there on
OaHsxPwI0XE-00017-00004671-00004983 his shirt which i love uh mindset is a
OaHsxPwI0XE-00018-00004984-00005159 place where he actually works with
OaHsxPwI0XE-00019-00005160-00005343 clients to engage
OaHsxPwI0XE-00020-00005344-00005551 those they serve through live online
OaHsxPwI0XE-00021-00005552-00005863 events uh he kind of has well
OaHsxPwI0XE-00022-00005864-00006022 the way he says it is one of the most
OaHsxPwI0XE-00023-00006023-00006270 powerful mindsets he lives by
OaHsxPwI0XE-00024-00006271-00006518 since implementing systems thinking and
OaHsxPwI0XE-00025-00006519-00006678 mark not to call you out he's been doing
OaHsxPwI0XE-00026-00006679-00006839 this a long time we've known him a long
OaHsxPwI0XE-00027-00006840-00007055 time he's a good friend but his motto is
OaHsxPwI0XE-00028-00007056-00007231 sort of thinking creates engagement
OaHsxPwI0XE-00029-00007231-00007359 which i love
OaHsxPwI0XE-00030-00007359-00007639 mark is an accomplished educator he's an
OaHsxPwI0XE-00031-00007640-00007878 entrepreneur he's a consultant
OaHsxPwI0XE-00032-00007879-00008063 he's a member of the business and
OaHsxPwI0XE-00033-00008064-00008207 education association with the
OaHsxPwI0XE-00034-00008208-00008463 pennsylvania chamber of commerce and he
OaHsxPwI0XE-00035-00008464-00008687 is an accomplished musician he's also a
OaHsxPwI0XE-00036-00008688-00008863 wonderful human and a good friend and
OaHsxPwI0XE-00037-00008864-00009071 i'm very glad to have you here with us
OaHsxPwI0XE-00038-00009072-00009159 mark
OaHsxPwI0XE-00039-00009160-00009503 our second panelist is tara rossi
OaHsxPwI0XE-00040-00009504-00009671 tara is
OaHsxPwI0XE-00041-00009672-00009903 uh assistant superintendent of
OaHsxPwI0XE-00042-00009904-00010071 curriculum and staff development in the
OaHsxPwI0XE-00043-00010072-00010287 spa in sparta new jersey
OaHsxPwI0XE-00044-00010288-00010471 she has also actually worked in the
OaHsxPwI0XE-00045-00010472-00010655 field of education she doesn't look like
OaHsxPwI0XE-00046-00010656-00010863 it for more than 20 years
OaHsxPwI0XE-00047-00010864-00011087 hard to know she looks so young she's
OaHsxPwI0XE-00048-00011088-00011271 served in a lot of different roles she's
OaHsxPwI0XE-00049-00011272-00011487 been a teacher an educational specialist
OaHsxPwI0XE-00050-00011488-00011719 an administrative leader
OaHsxPwI0XE-00051-00011720-00011935 a consultant and an advocate she's
OaHsxPwI0XE-00052-00011936-00012119 currently working on her doctoral
OaHsxPwI0XE-00053-00012120-00012287 studies in the area of effective school
OaHsxPwI0XE-00054-00012288-00012423 leadership
OaHsxPwI0XE-00055-00012424-00012542 and she
OaHsxPwI0XE-00056-00012543-00012655 she's a
OaHsxPwI0XE-00057-00012656-00012830 she's the real deal you know i've known
OaHsxPwI0XE-00058-00012831-00013046 tara a long time as well and she's
OaHsxPwI0XE-00059-00013047-00013255 really dedicated and i mean actually
OaHsxPwI0XE-00060-00013256-00013711 dedicated to serving students um
OaHsxPwI0XE-00061-00013712-00013879 the most disadvantaged students all
OaHsxPwI0XE-00062-00013880-00014063 students as they navigate what has
OaHsxPwI0XE-00063-00014063-00014343 become a really complex landscape
OaHsxPwI0XE-00064-00014344-00014511 in the history of education i would say
OaHsxPwI0XE-00065-00014512-00014638 and she's going to share some of her
OaHsxPwI0XE-00066-00014640-00014775 thoughts about that
OaHsxPwI0XE-00067-00014776-00015022 and our final panelist is
OaHsxPwI0XE-00068-00015023-00015247 the one and only sam rotella
OaHsxPwI0XE-00069-00015247-00015494 sam is the superintendent at the
OaHsxPwI0XE-00070-00015495-00015694 southern tiger school district in
OaHsxPwI0XE-00071-00015695-00015830 pennsylvania
OaHsxPwI0XE-00072-00015831-00016022 he is by far
OaHsxPwI0XE-00073-00016023-00016230 in my opinion one of the stellar leaders
OaHsxPwI0XE-00074-00016231-00016479 in education today derek and i have had
OaHsxPwI0XE-00075-00016480-00016630 the good fortune to work with him for
OaHsxPwI0XE-00076-00016631-00016767 many years
OaHsxPwI0XE-00077-00016768-00017086 sam is has a long
OaHsxPwI0XE-00078-00017087-00017239 resume in education he's been a
OaHsxPwI0XE-00079-00017240-00017471 principal of an elementary school
OaHsxPwI0XE-00080-00017472-00017750 he has worked extensively with
OaHsxPwI0XE-00081-00017751-00018086 pre-k counts programs he's overseen
OaHsxPwI0XE-00082-00018087-00018422 seven of those kinds of uh programs he
OaHsxPwI0XE-00083-00018423-00018614 also was an elementary teacher for many
OaHsxPwI0XE-00084-00018615-00018727 years i'm not going to give all the
OaHsxPwI0XE-00085-00018728-00018871 numbers for you soon because it's a lot
OaHsxPwI0XE-00086-00018872-00019014 of years
OaHsxPwI0XE-00087-00019015-00019207 and he also way way way back with the
OaHsxPwI0XE-00088-00019208-00019358 assistant director of missions from
OaHsxPwI0XE-00089-00019359-00019591 mansfield university pennsylvania he's
OaHsxPwI0XE-00090-00019592-00019719 also
OaHsxPwI0XE-00091-00019720-00019911 as all three of them are stellar human
OaHsxPwI0XE-00092-00019912-00020103 and a good friend and we are very very
OaHsxPwI0XE-00093-00020104-00020294 happy to have all three of you here with
OaHsxPwI0XE-00094-00020295-00020455 us today so we're gonna kick off the
OaHsxPwI0XE-00095-00020456-00020663 panel with mark
OaHsxPwI0XE-00096-00020664-00020863 first up and then we'll take it from
OaHsxPwI0XE-00097-00020864-00021039 there
OaHsxPwI0XE-00098-00021040-00021319 okay well hello everybody uh so it's
OaHsxPwI0XE-00099-00021320-00021486 real pleasure to be here so i thought i
OaHsxPwI0XE-00100-00021487-00021703 would tell you a little bit of a story
OaHsxPwI0XE-00101-00021704-00021911 kind of what i do on a daily basis and
OaHsxPwI0XE-00102-00021912-00022103 then um obviously kind of dive into the
OaHsxPwI0XE-00103-00022104-00022383 panel discussion so um what mindset is
OaHsxPwI0XE-00104-00022384-00022630 today has really changed over the years
OaHsxPwI0XE-00105-00022631-00022719 i thought it would give you a little bit
OaHsxPwI0XE-00106-00022720-00022967 of background so today mindset is an
OaHsxPwI0XE-00107-00022968-00023150 events business we focus on human
OaHsxPwI0XE-00108-00023151-00023342 engagement uh you can see our motto
OaHsxPwI0XE-00109-00023343-00023550 there is events that connect and events
OaHsxPwI0XE-00110-00023551-00023767 that matter and today i want to talk to
OaHsxPwI0XE-00111-00023768-00023942 you talk to you about
OaHsxPwI0XE-00112-00023943-00024191 creating accessibility to systems
OaHsxPwI0XE-00113-00024192-00024430 thinking and the way i like to tell this
OaHsxPwI0XE-00114-00024431-00024678 story which i've told a couple times is
OaHsxPwI0XE-00115-00024679-00024903 it's about creating a front door to
OaHsxPwI0XE-00116-00024904-00025127 systems thinking and in my case i run a
OaHsxPwI0XE-00117-00025128-00025222 business
OaHsxPwI0XE-00118-00025223-00025407 which is really a learning business an
OaHsxPwI0XE-00119-00025408-00025670 education-based business kind of uh
OaHsxPwI0XE-00120-00025672-00025911 behind the door it's an events business
OaHsxPwI0XE-00121-00025912-00026127 right so i think the last panel we were
OaHsxPwI0XE-00122-00026127-00026239 talking about
OaHsxPwI0XE-00123-00026239-00026399 um you know creating learning
OaHsxPwI0XE-00124-00026400-00026527 organizations
OaHsxPwI0XE-00125-00026527-00026758 mindset is a learning organization and
OaHsxPwI0XE-00126-00026760-00027014 we just kind of happen to be an advanced
OaHsxPwI0XE-00127-00027016-00027199 business so how do we really create
OaHsxPwI0XE-00128-00027200-00027446 these uh easily accessible easily
OaHsxPwI0XE-00129-00027447-00027735 locatable front doors into the work we
OaHsxPwI0XE-00130-00027736-00027862 do in
OaHsxPwI0XE-00131-00027863-00028007 education
OaHsxPwI0XE-00132-00028008-00028102 so let me give you a little bit of
OaHsxPwI0XE-00133-00028104-00028255 background so laura mentioned we've been
OaHsxPwI0XE-00134-00028256-00028495 friends for a long time and so uh this
OaHsxPwI0XE-00135-00028495-00028870 is going back so this was 2010 when i
OaHsxPwI0XE-00136-00028872-00029046 met derek and laura
OaHsxPwI0XE-00137-00029047-00029279 we were working on this incredible
OaHsxPwI0XE-00138-00029280-00029495 project in very rural central
OaHsxPwI0XE-00139-00029495-00029646 pennsylvania
OaHsxPwI0XE-00140-00029647-00029870 called think stem and it was an
OaHsxPwI0XE-00141-00029872-00030158 after-school stem program
OaHsxPwI0XE-00142-00030160-00030358 kind of that was the door right that was
OaHsxPwI0XE-00143-00030360-00030574 the front door into systems thinking so
OaHsxPwI0XE-00144-00030575-00030790 we created this after school program
OaHsxPwI0XE-00145-00030791-00030943 that's really clear for people to
OaHsxPwI0XE-00146-00030944-00031199 understand right great my kids can go
OaHsxPwI0XE-00147-00031200-00031455 to an after-school program and it's on a
OaHsxPwI0XE-00148-00031456-00031623 topic called stem which you know people
OaHsxPwI0XE-00149-00031624-00031807 recognize right so we got them in the
OaHsxPwI0XE-00150-00031808-00032023 door and really what we spent time doing
OaHsxPwI0XE-00151-00032024-00032311 with them was all about systems thinking
OaHsxPwI0XE-00152-00032312-00032623 and model building and metacognition and
OaHsxPwI0XE-00153-00032624-00032815 this team that i want to show you this
OaHsxPwI0XE-00154-00032816-00032911 team
OaHsxPwI0XE-00155-00032912-00033231 these kids have graduated uh since this
OaHsxPwI0XE-00156-00033232-00033343 time
OaHsxPwI0XE-00157-00033344-00033487 and they probably don't know how much of
OaHsxPwI0XE-00158-00033488-00033783 an impact they actually had on me and my
OaHsxPwI0XE-00159-00033784-00033974 business and my work that i've done for
OaHsxPwI0XE-00160-00033975-00034174 almost 20 years now
OaHsxPwI0XE-00161-00034175-00034287 so
OaHsxPwI0XE-00162-00034288-00034439 the
OaHsxPwI0XE-00163-00034440-00034599 the students you see were doing a
OaHsxPwI0XE-00164-00034600-00034951 project on volcanoes and i walked over
OaHsxPwI0XE-00165-00034952-00035151 to this group and they were telling me
OaHsxPwI0XE-00166-00035152-00035351 all about the volcano but they were
OaHsxPwI0XE-00167-00035352-00035511 telling me about the volcano from kind
OaHsxPwI0XE-00168-00035512-00035602 of like a
OaHsxPwI0XE-00169-00035603-00035830 geological perspective right and kind of
OaHsxPwI0XE-00170-00035831-00036023 like the parts of the volcano we could
OaHsxPwI0XE-00171-00036024-00036287 all see so we could see you know the
OaHsxPwI0XE-00172-00036288-00036455 base of the volcano they were talking to
OaHsxPwI0XE-00173-00036456-00036702 me about the rocks and the volcano
OaHsxPwI0XE-00174-00036703-00036862 and at that point i kind of was like oh
OaHsxPwI0XE-00175-00036863-00037046 this is great yeah thanks for sharing
OaHsxPwI0XE-00176-00037047-00037359 and as i almost started walking away
OaHsxPwI0XE-00177-00037360-00037502 one of the members of the team said but
OaHsxPwI0XE-00178-00037503-00037662 wait
OaHsxPwI0XE-00179-00037663-00037862 and when i went back i said yeah what
OaHsxPwI0XE-00180-00037863-00038087 would you like to share and
OaHsxPwI0XE-00181-00038088-00038279 one of them said but we looked at the
OaHsxPwI0XE-00182-00038280-00038502 volcano from the perspective of fear
OaHsxPwI0XE-00183-00038503-00038646 also
OaHsxPwI0XE-00184-00038647-00038951 and i was at that moment recognizing the
OaHsxPwI0XE-00185-00038952-00039143 true power of the work that we were
OaHsxPwI0XE-00186-00039144-00039295 doing with these sixth through eighth
OaHsxPwI0XE-00187-00039296-00039583 graders and so this conversation really
OaHsxPwI0XE-00188-00039584-00039718 started then to evolve into a
OaHsxPwI0XE-00189-00039719-00039959 conversation of well so what did
OaHsxPwI0XE-00190-00039960-00040095 looking at the volcano from a
OaHsxPwI0XE-00191-00040096-00040318 perspective of fear tell you
OaHsxPwI0XE-00192-00040319-00040527 well anybody who lives in a community
OaHsxPwI0XE-00193-00040528-00040783 that has a volcano near them they have
OaHsxPwI0XE-00194-00040784-00040951 to think systemically right they have to
OaHsxPwI0XE-00195-00040952-00041151 think about fear tells them that they
OaHsxPwI0XE-00196-00041152-00041351 need systems to alleviate some of that
OaHsxPwI0XE-00197-00041352-00041574 fear including safety systems and alarm
OaHsxPwI0XE-00198-00041575-00041687 systems
OaHsxPwI0XE-00199-00041688-00041879 that their infrastructure has to be
OaHsxPwI0XE-00200-00041880-00042087 designed to deal with changes in the
OaHsxPwI0XE-00201-00042088-00042343 volcano and the danger levels they had
OaHsxPwI0XE-00202-00042344-00042551 to work with the home building sector to
OaHsxPwI0XE-00203-00042552-00042839 create roofs that if ashes or rocks came
OaHsxPwI0XE-00204-00042840-00043015 out of the volcano that they wouldn't go
OaHsxPwI0XE-00205-00043016-00043239 onto houses and and catch the houses on
OaHsxPwI0XE-00206-00043240-00043327 fire
OaHsxPwI0XE-00207-00043328-00043646 so this amazing conversation i had
OaHsxPwI0XE-00208-00043647-00043839 led me to really start to think about a
OaHsxPwI0XE-00209-00043840-00044158 couple different uh questions uh for me
OaHsxPwI0XE-00210-00044159-00044430 and i thought well kids are doing it and
OaHsxPwI0XE-00211-00044431-00044583 you know eric you know laura and i like
OaHsxPwI0XE-00212-00044584-00044830 to talk about what's it right
OaHsxPwI0XE-00213-00044831-00045046 kids are systems thinking
OaHsxPwI0XE-00214-00045047-00045199 and they're capable of doing that we're
OaHsxPwI0XE-00215-00045200-00045430 seeing evidence of this at a really
OaHsxPwI0XE-00216-00045431-00045543 young age
OaHsxPwI0XE-00217-00045544-00045695 and so my question became kind of what
OaHsxPwI0XE-00218-00045696-00045902 about adults right here we are working
OaHsxPwI0XE-00219-00045903-00046111 with kids what about adults
OaHsxPwI0XE-00220-00046112-00046374 are they able to do it being systems
OaHsxPwI0XE-00221-00046375-00046567 thinking so of course that project kind
OaHsxPwI0XE-00222-00046568-00046815 of came came to an end but for the next
OaHsxPwI0XE-00223-00046816-00047079 10 years was really me spending time
OaHsxPwI0XE-00224-00047080-00047239 building my business
OaHsxPwI0XE-00225-00047240-00047486 and what i had done was over those years
OaHsxPwI0XE-00226-00047487-00047702 of trying to figure out if adults could
OaHsxPwI0XE-00227-00047703-00047999 do it being systems thinking
OaHsxPwI0XE-00228-00048000-00048223 i i started down kind of a bad pathway
OaHsxPwI0XE-00229-00048224-00048343 because i was really focused on
OaHsxPwI0XE-00230-00048344-00048623 organizational development and helping
OaHsxPwI0XE-00231-00048624-00048807 organizations be better and helping
OaHsxPwI0XE-00232-00048808-00049046 people you know build better teams and
OaHsxPwI0XE-00233-00049047-00049230 you know working at we're talking about
OaHsxPwI0XE-00234-00049231-00049495 vision mission capacity learning so vmcl
OaHsxPwI0XE-00235-00049496-00049735 work but the business i had created it
OaHsxPwI0XE-00236-00049736-00049879 was kind of like the front door to the
OaHsxPwI0XE-00237-00049880-00050167 business was on the 200th floor of a bus
OaHsxPwI0XE-00238-00050168-00050358 of a high-rise so you had to go down
OaHsxPwI0XE-00239-00050359-00050527 this alley and you had to find the
OaHsxPwI0XE-00240-00050528-00050758 building you had to climb all the stairs
OaHsxPwI0XE-00241-00050759-00050935 and you had to get to the 200th floor to
OaHsxPwI0XE-00242-00050936-00051167 come into my business
OaHsxPwI0XE-00243-00051168-00051423 and this morning we heard general casey
OaHsxPwI0XE-00244-00051424-00051711 say you know never waste a crisis
OaHsxPwI0XE-00245-00051712-00051887 and one of the things that really
OaHsxPwI0XE-00246-00051888-00052038 happened to
OaHsxPwI0XE-00247-00052039-00052366 all of us obviously was uh happened for
OaHsxPwI0XE-00248-00052367-00052623 me march 13 2020
OaHsxPwI0XE-00249-00052624-00052871 of course was coved and at that point i
OaHsxPwI0XE-00250-00052872-00053030 had this business that had a really
OaHsxPwI0XE-00251-00053032-00053254 really you know my the access to my
OaHsxPwI0XE-00252-00053255-00053463 business was not
OaHsxPwI0XE-00253-00053464-00053742 at the ground level was very high so i
OaHsxPwI0XE-00254-00053744-00053935 know i wasn't accomplishing fully what i
OaHsxPwI0XE-00255-00053936-00054223 could as a learning and education entity
OaHsxPwI0XE-00256-00054224-00054407 and that became really really evident
OaHsxPwI0XE-00257-00054408-00054575 because on monday morning this is what
OaHsxPwI0XE-00258-00054576-00054775 happened to all my clients they
OaHsxPwI0XE-00259-00054776-00055007 literally disappeared over the weekend
OaHsxPwI0XE-00260-00055008-00055247 so from march 13th until the 16th all of
OaHsxPwI0XE-00261-00055248-00055463 my clients went away
OaHsxPwI0XE-00262-00055464-00055782 and what i was really wrestling with is
OaHsxPwI0XE-00263-00055783-00056007 you know what what was i missing my
OaHsxPwI0XE-00264-00056008-00056271 mental model of doing this work for
OaHsxPwI0XE-00265-00056272-00056463 great organizations was that this is the
OaHsxPwI0XE-00266-00056464-00056615 perfect time they should come to me now
OaHsxPwI0XE-00267-00056616-00056759 and spend this time with me because this
OaHsxPwI0XE-00268-00056760-00056935 is the struggle time and we should
OaHsxPwI0XE-00269-00056936-00057199 really dive deeply but that mental model
OaHsxPwI0XE-00270-00057200-00057382 i had that every organization is going
OaHsxPwI0XE-00271-00057383-00057535 to stay with me and that every
OaHsxPwI0XE-00272-00057536-00057694 organization is going to continue to do
OaHsxPwI0XE-00273-00057695-00057838 this work
OaHsxPwI0XE-00274-00057839-00057982 you know we learn about mental models
OaHsxPwI0XE-00275-00057983-00058182 that they don't really change reality
OaHsxPwI0XE-00276-00058183-00058319 right you know we
OaHsxPwI0XE-00277-00058320-00058542 we kind of fall into that trap and so i
OaHsxPwI0XE-00278-00058544-00058742 went back to the basics of working with
OaHsxPwI0XE-00279-00058744-00059023 these kids and you know i i ask them
OaHsxPwI0XE-00280-00059024-00059166 what do you need to do and they said
OaHsxPwI0XE-00281-00059167-00059407 well we need to do this virtual thing
OaHsxPwI0XE-00282-00059408-00059591 right we need to figure out how to be
OaHsxPwI0XE-00283-00059591-00059775 virtually connected and virtually
OaHsxPwI0XE-00284-00059776-00059887 engaged
OaHsxPwI0XE-00285-00059888-00060111 and so what we did then as a company
OaHsxPwI0XE-00286-00060112-00060294 started to really dive into the work we
OaHsxPwI0XE-00287-00060295-00060591 had done been doing but really at not at
OaHsxPwI0XE-00288-00060591-00060750 the ground level was really
OaHsxPwI0XE-00289-00060751-00060999 understanding how humans convene right
OaHsxPwI0XE-00290-00061000-00061199 and and why we convene
OaHsxPwI0XE-00291-00061200-00061447 to create that real front door to our
OaHsxPwI0XE-00292-00061448-00061671 business again and so went from an
OaHsxPwI0XE-00293-00061672-00061854 organizational development business a
OaHsxPwI0XE-00294-00061855-00062087 learning education business to one that
OaHsxPwI0XE-00295-00062088-00062359 focused on convening humans in an
OaHsxPwI0XE-00296-00062360-00062630 engaging way so that we could get at
OaHsxPwI0XE-00297-00062632-00062830 education and learning
OaHsxPwI0XE-00298-00062832-00062991 so one of the things i'll leave with
OaHsxPwI0XE-00299-00062991-00063238 before we kind of transition out is
OaHsxPwI0XE-00300-00063239-00063430 we believe we convene to change
OaHsxPwI0XE-00301-00063432-00063663 behaviors we're convening here today to
OaHsxPwI0XE-00302-00063664-00063911 change behaviors right and we all
OaHsxPwI0XE-00303-00063912-00064126 probably by now through this work around
OaHsxPwI0XE-00304-00064127-00064279 systems thinking
OaHsxPwI0XE-00305-00064279-00064471 know that we change behaviors through
OaHsxPwI0XE-00306-00064472-00064782 our thinking thinking is really at the
OaHsxPwI0XE-00307-00064783-00065071 heart of being a learning and education
OaHsxPwI0XE-00308-00065072-00065223 type of business
OaHsxPwI0XE-00309-00065224-00065454 so with that i'll hand off i think tara
OaHsxPwI0XE-00310-00065455-00065591 maybe is going next but i'll hand it
OaHsxPwI0XE-00311-00065592-00065759 back to laura so we can keep the
OaHsxPwI0XE-00312-00065760-00065882 conversation
OaHsxPwI0XE-00313-00065883-00066111 going you are correct we're going to
OaHsxPwI0XE-00314-00066112-00066463 tara
OaHsxPwI0XE-00315-00066464-00066743 okay
OaHsxPwI0XE-00316-00066744-00067479 let me get my screen shared
OaHsxPwI0XE-00317-00067480-00067799 oops
OaHsxPwI0XE-00318-00067800-00068455 all right is everyone able to see this
OaHsxPwI0XE-00319-00068456-00068599 okay
OaHsxPwI0XE-00320-00068600-00068735 um
OaHsxPwI0XE-00321-00068736-00068950 so i want to thank you for allowing me
OaHsxPwI0XE-00322-00068951-00069119 to be here um
OaHsxPwI0XE-00323-00069120-00069279 i'm excited to share a little bit with
OaHsxPwI0XE-00324-00069280-00069479 you about my experience with systems
OaHsxPwI0XE-00325-00069480-00069663 thinking and specifically how i'm
OaHsxPwI0XE-00326-00069664-00069903 utilizing it in the role of educational
OaHsxPwI0XE-00327-00069904-00070143 leadership which is you know something
OaHsxPwI0XE-00328-00070144-00070359 that i think is of the utmost importance
OaHsxPwI0XE-00329-00070360-00070575 of course i might be slightly biased um
OaHsxPwI0XE-00330-00070576-00070767 but in today's world
OaHsxPwI0XE-00331-00070768-00070911 we are challenged with a lot of things
OaHsxPwI0XE-00332-00070912-00071103 and this is definitely one of the
OaHsxPwI0XE-00333-00071104-00071255 most important gifts we can give to our
OaHsxPwI0XE-00334-00071256-00071487 students is to ensure that they have the
OaHsxPwI0XE-00335-00071488-00071647 equitable and accessible
OaHsxPwI0XE-00336-00071648-00071879 education and so
OaHsxPwI0XE-00337-00071880-00071975 um
OaHsxPwI0XE-00338-00071976-00072159 you know i got into education about 20
OaHsxPwI0XE-00339-00072160-00072335 years ago and
OaHsxPwI0XE-00340-00072336-00072519 from the time that i stepped foot in the
OaHsxPwI0XE-00341-00072520-00072791 door in my first classroom i recognized
OaHsxPwI0XE-00342-00072792-00073031 that i was so fortunate to have found my
OaHsxPwI0XE-00343-00073032-00073231 passion tied up in my profession all at
OaHsxPwI0XE-00344-00073232-00073575 once and my dedication to students has
OaHsxPwI0XE-00345-00073576-00073879 been something that has been fierce and
OaHsxPwI0XE-00346-00073880-00074150 strong and and really a part of who i am
OaHsxPwI0XE-00347-00074151-00074447 um from from my very first year working
OaHsxPwI0XE-00348-00074448-00074638 in this profession what i quickly
OaHsxPwI0XE-00349-00074639-00074926 learned though is that um this field
OaHsxPwI0XE-00350-00074927-00075111 needs strong leaders and it needs strong
OaHsxPwI0XE-00351-00075112-00075294 leaders that have that exact same
OaHsxPwI0XE-00352-00075295-00075535 mentality that it that is focused on
OaHsxPwI0XE-00353-00075536-00075743 students that is student-centered and
OaHsxPwI0XE-00354-00075744-00075855 that
OaHsxPwI0XE-00355-00075856-00075975 is spending time thinking about
OaHsxPwI0XE-00356-00075976-00076150 decisions from the perspective of our
OaHsxPwI0XE-00357-00076151-00076255 learners
OaHsxPwI0XE-00358-00076256-00076447 and putting our students first in all of
OaHsxPwI0XE-00359-00076448-00076711 those conversations and discussions
OaHsxPwI0XE-00360-00076712-00076823 and so
OaHsxPwI0XE-00361-00076824-00076999 as i was moving into my journey on
OaHsxPwI0XE-00362-00077000-00077119 education
OaHsxPwI0XE-00363-00077120-00077350 i was presented with this concept and i
OaHsxPwI0XE-00364-00077351-00077487 remember it was somewhere along my
OaHsxPwI0XE-00365-00077488-00077679 journey in education that i learned
OaHsxPwI0XE-00366-00077680-00077950 about a concept called wicked problems
OaHsxPwI0XE-00367-00077951-00078167 and i distinctly remember hearing that
OaHsxPwI0XE-00368-00078168-00078431 word because it really struck me
OaHsxPwI0XE-00369-00078432-00078703 um you know wicked problem actually
OaHsxPwI0XE-00370-00078704-00078815 seemed
OaHsxPwI0XE-00371-00078816-00079038 terrifying before i really even learned
OaHsxPwI0XE-00372-00079039-00079294 much about it it was almost too complex
OaHsxPwI0XE-00373-00079295-00079550 to think about it was intimidating it
OaHsxPwI0XE-00374-00079551-00079815 was scary it was almost paralyzing and
OaHsxPwI0XE-00375-00079816-00080023 immediately before even learning much
OaHsxPwI0XE-00376-00080024-00080238 about it just that
OaHsxPwI0XE-00377-00080239-00080535 that topic that concept wicked problems
OaHsxPwI0XE-00378-00080536-00080726 almost made me want to look away from it
OaHsxPwI0XE-00379-00080727-00080919 like this wasn't something i could do or
OaHsxPwI0XE-00380-00080920-00081126 something i needed to do because
OaHsxPwI0XE-00381-00081127-00081375 quite frankly wicked problems were
OaHsxPwI0XE-00382-00081376-00081647 the climate crisis or our health care
OaHsxPwI0XE-00383-00081648-00081887 system or um you know combating
OaHsxPwI0XE-00384-00081888-00082135 terrorism and that that wasn't my field
OaHsxPwI0XE-00385-00082136-00082447 and so in in part that was very cowardly
OaHsxPwI0XE-00386-00082448-00082711 of course to feel as if wicked problems
OaHsxPwI0XE-00387-00082712-00082926 weren't my problem
OaHsxPwI0XE-00388-00082927-00083175 but it it also was selfish it was you
OaHsxPwI0XE-00389-00083176-00083399 know an easy out to assume that someone
OaHsxPwI0XE-00390-00083400-00083543 else was working on these wicked
OaHsxPwI0XE-00391-00083544-00083823 problems
OaHsxPwI0XE-00392-00083824-00084103 enter education 2022
OaHsxPwI0XE-00393-00084104-00084335 where wicked problems are
OaHsxPwI0XE-00394-00084336-00084511 what our world looks like right now
OaHsxPwI0XE-00395-00084512-00084726 especially in the world of education
OaHsxPwI0XE-00396-00084727-00084879 where we are faced with a global
OaHsxPwI0XE-00397-00084880-00085015 pandemic
OaHsxPwI0XE-00398-00085016-00085343 which is for all intents and purposes um
OaHsxPwI0XE-00399-00085344-00085559 the world as we knew it and our students
OaHsxPwI0XE-00400-00085560-00085647 knew it
OaHsxPwI0XE-00401-00085648-00085918 stopped and no one ever expected that or
OaHsxPwI0XE-00402-00085919-00086071 predicted that or could have assumed
OaHsxPwI0XE-00403-00086072-00086359 that we knew what that would entail
OaHsxPwI0XE-00404-00086360-00086567 returning back from that
OaHsxPwI0XE-00405-00086568-00086775 and working through that we
OaHsxPwI0XE-00406-00086776-00086999 we have a student population where our
OaHsxPwI0XE-00407-00087000-00087191 our youths are experiencing a mental
OaHsxPwI0XE-00408-00087192-00087343 health crisis
OaHsxPwI0XE-00409-00087344-00087543 we are dealing with learning loss which
OaHsxPwI0XE-00410-00087544-00087743 we can we can call many different things
OaHsxPwI0XE-00411-00087744-00087935 we can call it unfinished learning we
OaHsxPwI0XE-00412-00087936-00088215 can call it accelerated learning
OaHsxPwI0XE-00413-00088216-00088375 but the truth is our kids aren't where
OaHsxPwI0XE-00414-00088376-00088631 we're used to meeting them
OaHsxPwI0XE-00415-00088632-00088879 so as educators that concept of meeting
OaHsxPwI0XE-00416-00088880-00089015 our kids where they are and moving them
OaHsxPwI0XE-00417-00089016-00089294 forward they're in a place both socially
OaHsxPwI0XE-00418-00089295-00089431 emotionally academically and
OaHsxPwI0XE-00419-00089432-00089575 behaviorally that we've never
OaHsxPwI0XE-00420-00089576-00089694 experienced
OaHsxPwI0XE-00421-00089695-00089847 so there's no
OaHsxPwI0XE-00422-00089848-00090150 foundation there's no balance or sort of
OaHsxPwI0XE-00423-00090151-00090391 like a common um
OaHsxPwI0XE-00424-00090392-00090638 benchmark that that is predictable we
OaHsxPwI0XE-00425-00090639-00090806 are learning where they are and what
OaHsxPwI0XE-00426-00090807-00091126 they need every single day
OaHsxPwI0XE-00427-00091127-00091479 our politics have been polarizing and so
OaHsxPwI0XE-00428-00091480-00091831 everything we teach has some sort of um
OaHsxPwI0XE-00429-00091832-00092111 slant attached to it whether
OaHsxPwI0XE-00430-00092112-00092350 it's a claim that you know schools are
OaHsxPwI0XE-00431-00092351-00092575 teaching crt whether they are whether
OaHsxPwI0XE-00432-00092576-00092703 they aren't whether there are parts of
OaHsxPwI0XE-00433-00092704-00092879 it whatever that means our new health
OaHsxPwI0XE-00434-00092880-00093135 standards in new jersey
OaHsxPwI0XE-00435-00093136-00093391 the concept of sel what does that mean
OaHsxPwI0XE-00436-00093392-00093582 who's responsible for that what their
OaHsxPwI0XE-00437-00093583-00093847 certifications are
OaHsxPwI0XE-00438-00093848-00094031 if you look at a saturday night live
OaHsxPwI0XE-00439-00094032-00094335 there is a clip of a board meeting and
OaHsxPwI0XE-00440-00094336-00094647 it's comical because it's so accurate
OaHsxPwI0XE-00441-00094648-00094926 and so the negotiating um what we're
OaHsxPwI0XE-00442-00094927-00095094 teaching students why we're teaching
OaHsxPwI0XE-00443-00095095-00095311 students and getting support to just
OaHsxPwI0XE-00444-00095312-00095606 continue doing our work has become a
OaHsxPwI0XE-00445-00095607-00095774 hurdle in and of itself
OaHsxPwI0XE-00446-00095775-00095926 because of all these things our teachers
OaHsxPwI0XE-00447-00095927-00096174 are burnt out so our kids need more and
OaHsxPwI0XE-00448-00096175-00096382 our teachers have less to give
OaHsxPwI0XE-00449-00096383-00096582 which is ultimately causing a teacher
OaHsxPwI0XE-00450-00096583-00096767 shortage there's something that i've
OaHsxPwI0XE-00451-00096768-00096911 been reading about called the great
OaHsxPwI0XE-00452-00096912-00097206 resignation and so when you reflect on
OaHsxPwI0XE-00453-00097207-00097399 is this really where you want to be at
OaHsxPwI0XE-00454-00097400-00097543 this point in your life
OaHsxPwI0XE-00455-00097544-00097703 there are a lot of people who are
OaHsxPwI0XE-00456-00097704-00097935 deciding that it's not and i think over
OaHsxPwI0XE-00457-00097936-00098111 the last three years we've lost
OaHsxPwI0XE-00458-00098112-00098303 something like almost half a million
OaHsxPwI0XE-00459-00098304-00098503 teachers in the field
OaHsxPwI0XE-00460-00098504-00098638 and that's just counting teachers that's
OaHsxPwI0XE-00461-00098639-00098774 not counting bus drivers or
OaHsxPwI0XE-00462-00098775-00099023 paraprofessionals nurses
OaHsxPwI0XE-00463-00099024-00099287 people who we need to run this system
OaHsxPwI0XE-00464-00099288-00099455 and then of course in the face of all of
OaHsxPwI0XE-00465-00099456-00099647 this there are several districts
OaHsxPwI0XE-00466-00099648-00099871 depending on your funding formula for
OaHsxPwI0XE-00467-00099872-00100118 dealing with budget cuts so while you're
OaHsxPwI0XE-00468-00100119-00100359 working on climbing out of this
OaHsxPwI0XE-00469-00100360-00100559 we have less to do that with
OaHsxPwI0XE-00470-00100560-00100791 and so with all of that said i would
OaHsxPwI0XE-00471-00100792-00100926 agree that that's a pretty wicked
OaHsxPwI0XE-00472-00100927-00101182 problem that now is directly in my lap
OaHsxPwI0XE-00473-00101183-00101359 and is something that i have to work on
OaHsxPwI0XE-00474-00101360-00101526 daily
OaHsxPwI0XE-00475-00101527-00101831 and inside of that daily problem solving
OaHsxPwI0XE-00476-00101832-00101938 there are
OaHsxPwI0XE-00477-00101939-00102350 525 600 problems decisions solutions
OaHsxPwI0XE-00478-00102351-00102558 needs questions
OaHsxPwI0XE-00479-00102559-00102775 it's utter chaos
OaHsxPwI0XE-00480-00102776-00102999 and people are looking to you to help
OaHsxPwI0XE-00481-00103000-00103263 solve these problems or give direction
OaHsxPwI0XE-00482-00103264-00103454 and use i signed up for this and this is
OaHsxPwI0XE-00483-00103455-00103647 what i want to be doing
OaHsxPwI0XE-00484-00103648-00103871 but it can be completely overwhelming to
OaHsxPwI0XE-00485-00103872-00103990 try to
OaHsxPwI0XE-00486-00103991-00104127 navigate
OaHsxPwI0XE-00487-00104128-00104351 the details of each single circumstance
OaHsxPwI0XE-00488-00104352-00104575 that arises related
OaHsxPwI0XE-00489-00104576-00104751 to the complexity of the problem that
OaHsxPwI0XE-00490-00104752-00104902 we're facing
OaHsxPwI0XE-00491-00104903-00105231 and so that's where dsrp came back to me
OaHsxPwI0XE-00492-00105232-00105478 in a way that i hadn't used it before so
OaHsxPwI0XE-00493-00105479-00105663 much like mark spoke i was very
OaHsxPwI0XE-00494-00105664-00105823 fortunate to
OaHsxPwI0XE-00495-00105824-00106023 work with derek and laura
OaHsxPwI0XE-00496-00106024-00106247 in a school system where our students
OaHsxPwI0XE-00497-00106248-00106558 were trained to be system thinkers and
OaHsxPwI0XE-00498-00106559-00106758 it was my job to support that work in
OaHsxPwI0XE-00499-00106759-00107015 that school system and it was amazing to
OaHsxPwI0XE-00500-00107016-00107239 see what the students could do and it
OaHsxPwI0XE-00501-00107240-00107495 was also amazing to understand that this
OaHsxPwI0XE-00502-00107496-00107743 is really how our brain works very
OaHsxPwI0XE-00503-00107744-00108047 naturally so what i was finding myself
OaHsxPwI0XE-00504-00108048-00108302 doing fast forward all of these years
OaHsxPwI0XE-00505-00108303-00108534 later is that i was finding myself in my
OaHsxPwI0XE-00506-00108535-00108734 brain i was putting these problems these
OaHsxPwI0XE-00507-00108735-00108975 challenges into buckets and it reminded
OaHsxPwI0XE-00508-00108976-00109119 me actually when i was thinking about
OaHsxPwI0XE-00509-00109120-00109319 this presentation of almost like the
OaHsxPwI0XE-00510-00109320-00109590 think blocks that we used as tangible
OaHsxPwI0XE-00511-00109591-00109702 concrete
OaHsxPwI0XE-00512-00109703-00110007 um you know objects to manipulate sort
OaHsxPwI0XE-00513-00110008-00110239 of to to work with these systems of
OaHsxPwI0XE-00514-00110240-00110502 thinking and so what i realized was all
OaHsxPwI0XE-00515-00110503-00110702 of these massive problems there was no
OaHsxPwI0XE-00516-00110703-00110854 way you could spend your
OaHsxPwI0XE-00517-00110855-00111175 time uh diving into the detail of each
OaHsxPwI0XE-00518-00111176-00111302 single one
OaHsxPwI0XE-00519-00111303-00111471 but really what i could do and what i
OaHsxPwI0XE-00520-00111472-00111631 was finding that i was doing is i was
OaHsxPwI0XE-00521-00111632-00111871 breaking them into systems and i was
OaHsxPwI0XE-00522-00111872-00112047 dropping them in different buckets that
OaHsxPwI0XE-00523-00112048-00112278 had similar parts so that i could solve
OaHsxPwI0XE-00524-00112279-00112551 groups of problems together
OaHsxPwI0XE-00525-00112552-00112895 and that approach has really helped me
OaHsxPwI0XE-00526-00112896-00113063 to intentionally
OaHsxPwI0XE-00527-00113064-00113231 draw on
OaHsxPwI0XE-00528-00113232-00113534 dsrp and the systems of thinking the
OaHsxPwI0XE-00529-00113535-00113799 patterns of thinking that our brain you
OaHsxPwI0XE-00530-00113800-00114158 know engages in to deconstruct issues
OaHsxPwI0XE-00531-00114159-00114423 and then of course to rebuild them you
OaHsxPwI0XE-00532-00114424-00114727 know in a different way um
OaHsxPwI0XE-00533-00114728-00114983 and so in doing that you know it's
OaHsxPwI0XE-00534-00114983-00115231 allowed us to find solutions and
OaHsxPwI0XE-00535-00115232-00115510 um you know responses to challenges that
OaHsxPwI0XE-00536-00115511-00115727 we've never thought of before because
OaHsxPwI0XE-00537-00115728-00115966 the same old thing um you know it hasn't
OaHsxPwI0XE-00538-00115967-00116158 been something that we could rely on
OaHsxPwI0XE-00539-00116159-00116319 there is no same old thing you know we
OaHsxPwI0XE-00540-00116320-00116502 talk about the new normal
OaHsxPwI0XE-00541-00116503-00116686 there is no baseline there is no normal
OaHsxPwI0XE-00542-00116688-00116895 anymore so you're kind of rediscovering
OaHsxPwI0XE-00543-00116896-00117151 something from a place of you know it's
OaHsxPwI0XE-00544-00117152-00117415 really a foreign entity right now so
OaHsxPwI0XE-00545-00117416-00117639 this rediscovery and the use of systems
OaHsxPwI0XE-00546-00117640-00117854 thinking is really helping us to get a
OaHsxPwI0XE-00547-00117855-00118023 better sense of all of the parts that
OaHsxPwI0XE-00548-00118024-00118271 are in each system and to really see
OaHsxPwI0XE-00549-00118272-00118631 things more clearly
OaHsxPwI0XE-00550-00118632-00118751 and so
OaHsxPwI0XE-00551-00118752-00118975 the silver lining really is that you
OaHsxPwI0XE-00552-00118976-00119095 know while
OaHsxPwI0XE-00553-00119096-00119423 education may be cracked in some way
OaHsxPwI0XE-00554-00119424-00119623 it's okay because it's really our
OaHsxPwI0XE-00555-00119624-00119854 opportunity to get it right i think
OaHsxPwI0XE-00556-00119855-00120078 actually and so it's going to take
OaHsxPwI0XE-00557-00120079-00120414 leaders of all kind who lead with the
OaHsxPwI0XE-00558-00120415-00120614 responsibility and the ownership of
OaHsxPwI0XE-00559-00120615-00120831 their thinking the intentionality of
OaHsxPwI0XE-00560-00120832-00121014 their thinking to build a better
OaHsxPwI0XE-00561-00121015-00121278 organization and that is not just
OaHsxPwI0XE-00562-00121279-00121407 someone sitting in an assistant
OaHsxPwI0XE-00563-00121408-00121590 superintendent position
OaHsxPwI0XE-00564-00121591-00121775 that has to be empowered you know and
OaHsxPwI0XE-00565-00121776-00121966 shared with our teachers our parents our
OaHsxPwI0XE-00566-00121967-00122310 community members our students
OaHsxPwI0XE-00567-00122311-00122527 and our leadership alike
OaHsxPwI0XE-00568-00122528-00122790 our ability to understand each other and
OaHsxPwI0XE-00569-00122791-00122927 connect
OaHsxPwI0XE-00570-00122928-00123223 and collaborate is is essential and
OaHsxPwI0XE-00571-00123224-00123407 systems thinking helps us to be better
OaHsxPwI0XE-00572-00123408-00123566 at all of those things it helps us to
OaHsxPwI0XE-00573-00123567-00123710 develop a different level of
OaHsxPwI0XE-00574-00123711-00123943 open-mindedness and a different level of
OaHsxPwI0XE-00575-00123944-00124110 empathy when we're sharing the
OaHsxPwI0XE-00576-00124111-00124239 responsibility of looking at
OaHsxPwI0XE-00577-00124240-00124463 relationships and perspectives and
OaHsxPwI0XE-00578-00124464-00124702 really breaking down things down in a
OaHsxPwI0XE-00579-00124703-00124975 way that maybe haven't been done before
OaHsxPwI0XE-00580-00124976-00125254 and so i think at this point in time as
OaHsxPwI0XE-00581-00125255-00125478 we continue to to
OaHsxPwI0XE-00582-00125479-00125654 move into the future of education and
OaHsxPwI0XE-00583-00125655-00125902 share these responsibilities together um
OaHsxPwI0XE-00584-00125903-00126095 you know we have to utilize methods like
OaHsxPwI0XE-00585-00126096-00126383 this and or approaches like this
OaHsxPwI0XE-00586-00126383-00126527 so that our students can have their
OaHsxPwI0XE-00587-00126528-00126727 needs met but i think the most exciting
OaHsxPwI0XE-00588-00126728-00126999 part of this work is that um
OaHsxPwI0XE-00589-00127000-00127183 really anyone can take this work into
OaHsxPwI0XE-00590-00127183-00127343 any arena whether it's their own
OaHsxPwI0XE-00591-00127344-00127599 personal life or or the you know
OaHsxPwI0XE-00592-00127600-00127758 industry that they've chosen that
OaHsxPwI0XE-00593-00127759-00127934 they're so passionate about
OaHsxPwI0XE-00594-00127935-00128158 and utilize this as a tool for great
OaHsxPwI0XE-00595-00128159-00128863 success
OaHsxPwI0XE-00596-00128864-00129134 thank you so much tara that was great so
OaHsxPwI0XE-00597-00129135-00129310 let's move to
OaHsxPwI0XE-00598-00129311-00129502 the one and only sam rotella and then
OaHsxPwI0XE-00599-00129503-00129671 we'll open it up for questions after
OaHsxPwI0XE-00600-00129672-00129886 that
OaHsxPwI0XE-00601-00129888-00130134 so i'll start off by uh
OaHsxPwI0XE-00602-00130135-00130327 thanking everyone the cabrera team and
OaHsxPwI0XE-00603-00130328-00130447 the graduate students in the
OaHsxPwI0XE-00604-00130448-00130783 certification program cornell university
OaHsxPwI0XE-00605-00130783-00130958 for giving me this opportunity to talk
OaHsxPwI0XE-00606-00130959-00131095 about our
OaHsxPwI0XE-00607-00131096-00131359 our story and uh it's an honor and it's
OaHsxPwI0XE-00608-00131360-00131454 humbling
OaHsxPwI0XE-00609-00131455-00131663 uh i'll also add that
OaHsxPwI0XE-00610-00131664-00131959 i really appreciate uh laura
OaHsxPwI0XE-00611-00131960-00132239 uh being able to compliment tara on how
OaHsxPwI0XE-00612-00132240-00132487 young she looks you would never guess
OaHsxPwI0XE-00613-00132488-00132647 and that she will not talk about the
OaHsxPwI0XE-00614-00132648-00132814 many years that i've been so i guess
OaHsxPwI0XE-00615-00132815-00133047 that she was pointing out how old i am
OaHsxPwI0XE-00616-00133048-00133254 so for that thank you so much much
OaHsxPwI0XE-00617-00133255-00133663 appreciated it's my pleasure anytime
OaHsxPwI0XE-00618-00133664-00133759 so
OaHsxPwI0XE-00619-00133760-00133999 uh from my perspective just a little bit
OaHsxPwI0XE-00620-00134000-00134311 uh about our district um
OaHsxPwI0XE-00621-00134312-00134647 we're about 1800 students 485 square
OaHsxPwI0XE-00622-00134648-00134751 miles
OaHsxPwI0XE-00623-00134752-00134927 two high schools three elementary
OaHsxPwI0XE-00624-00134928-00135175 schools and we serve a capacity about 55
OaHsxPwI0XE-00625-00135176-00135535 percent free and reduced um lunch in our
OaHsxPwI0XE-00626-00135536-00135702 in our district
OaHsxPwI0XE-00627-00135703-00135790 um
OaHsxPwI0XE-00628-00135791-00135895 and
OaHsxPwI0XE-00629-00135896-00136063 you know the cabreras have often talked
OaHsxPwI0XE-00630-00136064-00136263 about you know creating seven billion
OaHsxPwI0XE-00631-00136264-00136478 system thinkers uh
OaHsxPwI0XE-00632-00136479-00136790 in this global world and hopefully we're
OaHsxPwI0XE-00633-00136791-00137063 creating a few in our little corner
OaHsxPwI0XE-00634-00137064-00137343 and i'm just going to kind of share
OaHsxPwI0XE-00635-00137344-00137551 our story probably a little bit more in
OaHsxPwI0XE-00636-00137552-00137663 the weeds
OaHsxPwI0XE-00637-00137664-00137783 but how
OaHsxPwI0XE-00638-00137784-00138031 um system thinking and
OaHsxPwI0XE-00639-00138032-00138175 everything everything around that in
OaHsxPwI0XE-00640-00138176-00138423 dspr the srp became
OaHsxPwI0XE-00641-00138424-00138735 actionable in our district um so i'm
OaHsxPwI0XE-00642-00138736-00138847 going to just tell a little story
OaHsxPwI0XE-00643-00138848-00139014 because it's a little bit of contextual
OaHsxPwI0XE-00644-00139015-00139199 but i think every journey starts with a
OaHsxPwI0XE-00645-00139200-00139463 story and and this is this was this is
OaHsxPwI0XE-00646-00139464-00139559 ours
OaHsxPwI0XE-00647-00139560-00139839 so our district actually started doing
OaHsxPwI0XE-00648-00139840-00140102 instructional rounds um
OaHsxPwI0XE-00649-00140103-00140319 and instructional rounds if you're not
OaHsxPwI0XE-00650-00140320-00140519 familiar are kind of based on the
OaHsxPwI0XE-00651-00140520-00140783 hospital rounds that are done um and
OaHsxPwI0XE-00652-00140784-00140975 that they were adapted to use in
OaHsxPwI0XE-00653-00140976-00141159 education uh they're to be
OaHsxPwI0XE-00654-00141160-00141447 non-evaluative and observers go in and
OaHsxPwI0XE-00655-00141448-00141639 look at a problem of practice
OaHsxPwI0XE-00656-00141640-00141863 so you define it and quantify it and
OaHsxPwI0XE-00657-00141864-00142095 then there's a team that goes around and
OaHsxPwI0XE-00658-00142096-00142335 observes your system so in our case all
OaHsxPwI0XE-00659-00142336-00142654 five of our schools and uh get in five
OaHsxPwI0XE-00660-00142655-00142895 times over ten months to take a look at
OaHsxPwI0XE-00661-00142896-00143095 our problem of practice
OaHsxPwI0XE-00662-00143096-00143559 and for us we had identified um
OaHsxPwI0XE-00663-00143560-00143743 learner driven and i won't really call
OaHsxPwI0XE-00664-00143744-00143966 it a vision because i think derrick
OaHsxPwI0XE-00665-00143967-00144159 would say it's not a vision um so i'm
OaHsxPwI0XE-00666-00144160-00144414 going to call it a tagline
OaHsxPwI0XE-00667-00144415-00144631 but but we had recognized that as
OaHsxPwI0XE-00668-00144632-00144814 something that we wanted to do but we
OaHsxPwI0XE-00669-00144815-00145063 really need to spend time to consciously
OaHsxPwI0XE-00670-00145064-00145239 and intentionally shift
OaHsxPwI0XE-00671-00145240-00145463 our district from the teaching mode to
OaHsxPwI0XE-00672-00145464-00145631 the learning mode
OaHsxPwI0XE-00673-00145632-00145711 and
OaHsxPwI0XE-00674-00145712-00146054 how we engaged our students right was a
OaHsxPwI0XE-00675-00146055-00146254 common piece of that
OaHsxPwI0XE-00676-00146255-00146502 and when we started instructional rounds
OaHsxPwI0XE-00677-00146503-00146814 we rapidly understood one thing is that
OaHsxPwI0XE-00678-00146815-00147047 we had no common understanding of what
OaHsxPwI0XE-00679-00147048-00147247 engagement was
OaHsxPwI0XE-00680-00147248-00147599 and so you know we we met as as groups
OaHsxPwI0XE-00681-00147600-00147959 and collected all of our observations
OaHsxPwI0XE-00682-00147960-00148175 and what we what we realized is that
OaHsxPwI0XE-00683-00148176-00148407 engagement was really multi-dimensional
OaHsxPwI0XE-00684-00148408-00148551 and interwoven
OaHsxPwI0XE-00685-00148552-00148751 and kind of in these spaces of cognitive
OaHsxPwI0XE-00686-00148752-00149023 relational behavioral because
OaHsxPwI0XE-00687-00149024-00149231 you know i can remember so many times
OaHsxPwI0XE-00688-00149232-00149454 when we walked into rooms we were asking
OaHsxPwI0XE-00689-00149455-00149639 ourselves are students engaged and the
OaHsxPwI0XE-00690-00149640-00149831 answers were well they're paying
OaHsxPwI0XE-00691-00149832-00150071 attention to me they're looking at the
OaHsxPwI0XE-00692-00150072-00150175 teacher
OaHsxPwI0XE-00693-00150176-00150263 um
OaHsxPwI0XE-00694-00150264-00150519 they are sitting up in their chair
OaHsxPwI0XE-00695-00150520-00150831 they're not doodling right and for so
OaHsxPwI0XE-00696-00150832-00151126 many of us that was engagement
OaHsxPwI0XE-00697-00151127-00151214 and
OaHsxPwI0XE-00698-00151215-00151478 we knew right then that we did not have
OaHsxPwI0XE-00699-00151479-00151631 a common understanding of what
OaHsxPwI0XE-00700-00151632-00151951 engagement was or even what it meant
OaHsxPwI0XE-00701-00151952-00152031 so
OaHsxPwI0XE-00702-00152032-00152302 we we work to establish kind of this
OaHsxPwI0XE-00703-00152303-00152559 definition if you would say that really
OaHsxPwI0XE-00704-00152560-00152719 for cognitive is what we started
OaHsxPwI0XE-00705-00152720-00152847 focusing on
OaHsxPwI0XE-00706-00152848-00153039 was student engagement and academic
OaHsxPwI0XE-00707-00153040-00153302 tasks and their ownership and strategies
OaHsxPwI0XE-00708-00153303-00153447 for learning
OaHsxPwI0XE-00709-00153448-00153678 and i had been exposed to some of the to
OaHsxPwI0XE-00710-00153679-00153943 the work for the cabreras and what
OaHsxPwI0XE-00711-00153944-00154159 teachers started asking me was this
OaHsxPwI0XE-00712-00154160-00154295 question
OaHsxPwI0XE-00713-00154296-00154551 what does learning what does thinking
OaHsxPwI0XE-00714-00154552-00154719 even look like
OaHsxPwI0XE-00715-00154720-00154966 they couldn't answer that question
OaHsxPwI0XE-00716-00154967-00155271 they couldn't give any concrete
OaHsxPwI0XE-00717-00155272-00155566 ideas or thoughts about what it was so
OaHsxPwI0XE-00718-00155567-00155823 if i go into the room and i'm observing
OaHsxPwI0XE-00719-00155824-00156278 cognitive engagement how can i say oh
OaHsxPwI0XE-00720-00156279-00156463 here's a question that i can ask a
OaHsxPwI0XE-00721-00156464-00156654 student or here's something that i can
OaHsxPwI0XE-00722-00156655-00156847 observe a student that i know that
OaHsxPwI0XE-00723-00156848-00156975 they're thinking
OaHsxPwI0XE-00724-00156976-00157111 and so
OaHsxPwI0XE-00725-00157112-00157366 right away it led me into this and for
OaHsxPwI0XE-00726-00157367-00157614 me and my work and i've i've stolen all
OaHsxPwI0XE-00727-00157615-00157839 of these slides so i hope i've credited
OaHsxPwI0XE-00728-00157840-00158102 them correctly um i don't want to get
OaHsxPwI0XE-00729-00158103-00158463 in trouble in my academic world here um
OaHsxPwI0XE-00730-00158464-00158735 it it told me right away like mental
OaHsxPwI0XE-00731-00158736-00158935 model has probably been one of the one
OaHsxPwI0XE-00732-00158936-00159102 of the strongest things that i've pulled
OaHsxPwI0XE-00733-00159103-00159254 out of my work
OaHsxPwI0XE-00734-00159255-00159559 and in this case this was a hands-on
OaHsxPwI0XE-00735-00159560-00159711 applicable
OaHsxPwI0XE-00736-00159712-00159902 life example of
OaHsxPwI0XE-00737-00159903-00160031 we had
OaHsxPwI0XE-00738-00160032-00160326 a mental model of what engagement was
OaHsxPwI0XE-00739-00160327-00160519 and cognitive engagement which really
OaHsxPwI0XE-00740-00160520-00160790 was just are they well behaved right and
OaHsxPwI0XE-00741-00160791-00161007 we went into the field and we tested
OaHsxPwI0XE-00742-00161008-00161247 that and what we found is our system
OaHsxPwI0XE-00743-00161248-00161431 gave us feedback that says you have no
OaHsxPwI0XE-00744-00161432-00161639 idea what you're talking about so here
OaHsxPwI0XE-00745-00161640-00161799 are all these educators with all this
OaHsxPwI0XE-00746-00161800-00161983 experience and we knew
OaHsxPwI0XE-00747-00161984-00162231 nothing is the reality
OaHsxPwI0XE-00748-00162232-00162423 and so it brought me to this right we
OaHsxPwI0XE-00749-00162424-00162663 have a mental model and we have this
OaHsxPwI0XE-00750-00162664-00162999 data we have this information but even
OaHsxPwI0XE-00751-00163000-00163271 us right we couldn't think
OaHsxPwI0XE-00752-00163272-00163526 about what we were looking for which was
OaHsxPwI0XE-00753-00163527-00163751 thinking and learning in the classroom
OaHsxPwI0XE-00754-00163752-00163951 and and what became
OaHsxPwI0XE-00755-00163952-00164238 at least obvious to me right and in our
OaHsxPwI0XE-00756-00164239-00164390 group is that
OaHsxPwI0XE-00757-00164391-00164559 what we didn't have is we didn't have
OaHsxPwI0XE-00758-00164560-00164775 any structures in place or processes or
OaHsxPwI0XE-00759-00164776-00165071 rules to kind of guide that thinking
OaHsxPwI0XE-00760-00165072-00165183 and so
OaHsxPwI0XE-00761-00165184-00165383 what is a thinker right and so then we
OaHsxPwI0XE-00762-00165384-00165590 started this dive into
OaHsxPwI0XE-00763-00165591-00165735 dsrp
OaHsxPwI0XE-00764-00165736-00166071 um and and to give it tangible this is
OaHsxPwI0XE-00765-00166072-00166295 what thinking could look like
OaHsxPwI0XE-00766-00166296-00166375 um
OaHsxPwI0XE-00767-00166376-00166647 and here are questions so when i walk
OaHsxPwI0XE-00768-00166648-00167007 into a classroom i can ask a student you
OaHsxPwI0XE-00769-00167008-00167238 know how are you seeing these things how
OaHsxPwI0XE-00770-00167239-00167471 are you not how are they organized how
OaHsxPwI0XE-00771-00167472-00167711 are they related right and and what
OaHsxPwI0XE-00772-00167712-00167943 seemed like very simple questions could
OaHsxPwI0XE-00773-00167944-00168223 give me as an observer to go in and ask
OaHsxPwI0XE-00774-00168224-00168438 questions to students and see what that
OaHsxPwI0XE-00775-00168439-00168695 meta cognition was in the classroom was
OaHsxPwI0XE-00776-00168696-00168951 that happening or was it not and then i
OaHsxPwI0XE-00777-00168952-00169278 could take non-evaluate observations
OaHsxPwI0XE-00778-00169279-00169447 and find out whether they were going
OaHsxPwI0XE-00779-00169448-00169711 through these these uh items or these
OaHsxPwI0XE-00780-00169712-00169831 questions
OaHsxPwI0XE-00781-00169832-00169966 um
OaHsxPwI0XE-00782-00169967-00170295 so for us right i start all the way down
OaHsxPwI0XE-00783-00170296-00170463 here at the bottom
OaHsxPwI0XE-00784-00170464-00170623 because
OaHsxPwI0XE-00785-00170624-00170863 while i know that vision and mission is
OaHsxPwI0XE-00786-00170864-00171166 so critical right we were we were in
OaHsxPwI0XE-00787-00171167-00171383 systems thinking we didn't share a
OaHsxPwI0XE-00788-00171384-00171663 mental model we need a lot of individual
OaHsxPwI0XE-00789-00171664-00171863 learning which then would turn to
OaHsxPwI0XE-00790-00171864-00172047 organizational learning and give us the
OaHsxPwI0XE-00791-00172048-00172311 capacity to actually create a system
OaHsxPwI0XE-00792-00172312-00172583 that could move together right but we
OaHsxPwI0XE-00793-00172584-00172783 didn't have the baseline and so we
OaHsxPwI0XE-00794-00172784-00172983 really needed to start at the bottom of
OaHsxPwI0XE-00795-00172984-00173166 adjusting our mental model
OaHsxPwI0XE-00796-00173167-00173399 and so we engaged in derrick and laura
OaHsxPwI0XE-00797-00173400-00173647 coming in and they did a leadership um
OaHsxPwI0XE-00798-00173648-00174023 retreat for us and some systems in 2019
OaHsxPwI0XE-00799-00174024-00174238 um and then we moved in with some of our
OaHsxPwI0XE-00800-00174239-00174447 faculty members of diving into system
OaHsxPwI0XE-00801-00174448-00174790 thinking and mapping um to really as
OaHsxPwI0XE-00802-00174791-00175047 some of you said give you some really
OaHsxPwI0XE-00803-00175048-00175287 visuals to help make those connections
OaHsxPwI0XE-00804-00175288-00175471 uh for a lot of people
OaHsxPwI0XE-00805-00175472-00175614 and
OaHsxPwI0XE-00806-00175615-00175775 then we started thinking about how is it
OaHsxPwI0XE-00807-00175776-00175966 that we can support some of our faculty
OaHsxPwI0XE-00808-00175967-00176159 then right so it's to start seeing these
OaHsxPwI0XE-00809-00176160-00176407 changes and like one of them is you know
OaHsxPwI0XE-00810-00176408-00176654 the classroom as the third teacher right
OaHsxPwI0XE-00811-00176655-00176814 how could we create learning
OaHsxPwI0XE-00812-00176815-00177054 environments that would support what we
OaHsxPwI0XE-00813-00177055-00177247 were asking people to do
OaHsxPwI0XE-00814-00177248-00177478 and and this one on the right i still i
OaHsxPwI0XE-00815-00177479-00177623 still use
OaHsxPwI0XE-00816-00177624-00177719 weekly
OaHsxPwI0XE-00817-00177720-00177951 is when people come to me and ask how do
OaHsxPwI0XE-00818-00177952-00178199 we get those shifted like we defend
OaHsxPwI0XE-00819-00178200-00178359 centers what do we do
OaHsxPwI0XE-00820-00178360-00178575 party favors acknowledgement find out
OaHsxPwI0XE-00821-00178576-00178823 what people want to move them that
OaHsxPwI0XE-00822-00178824-00178999 bottom 20
OaHsxPwI0XE-00823-00179000-00179151 don't worry about them right it's that
OaHsxPwI0XE-00824-00179152-00179319 that middle group that we have to to
OaHsxPwI0XE-00825-00179320-00179583 move them over to move with us
OaHsxPwI0XE-00826-00179584-00179854 and so i really kind of hang on to this
OaHsxPwI0XE-00827-00179855-00180054 one too and especially the bottom part
OaHsxPwI0XE-00828-00180055-00180335 right like if you want to change culture
OaHsxPwI0XE-00829-00180336-00180487 then you really have to have a shared
OaHsxPwI0XE-00830-00180488-00180678 mental model of where you're going and
OaHsxPwI0XE-00831-00180679-00180911 what you want to do and if we couldn't
OaHsxPwI0XE-00832-00180912-00181095 share what thinking looked like or how
OaHsxPwI0XE-00833-00181096-00181390 to make it tangible then for us we were
OaHsxPwI0XE-00834-00181391-00181583 never going to become learner driven
OaHsxPwI0XE-00835-00181584-00181838 because we didn't know what thinking was
OaHsxPwI0XE-00836-00181839-00182078 and we certainly couldn't um
OaHsxPwI0XE-00837-00182079-00182366 change our change our culture right
OaHsxPwI0XE-00838-00182367-00182551 um
OaHsxPwI0XE-00839-00182552-00182759 lastly and and i like this one here
OaHsxPwI0XE-00840-00182760-00182983 right because it talks about
OaHsxPwI0XE-00841-00182984-00183199 and i think so many people still fall in
OaHsxPwI0XE-00842-00183200-00183487 this space it's something that you do
OaHsxPwI0XE-00843-00183488-00183695 right and i can still remember after
OaHsxPwI0XE-00844-00183696-00183847 gary gave a
OaHsxPwI0XE-00845-00183848-00184111 three-day presentation we're driving
OaHsxPwI0XE-00846-00184112-00184319 back in the car one of my administrators
OaHsxPwI0XE-00847-00184320-00184590 said man i can't start
OaHsxPwI0XE-00848-00184591-00184783 i can't wait to start thinking like that
OaHsxPwI0XE-00849-00184784-00184959 like i'm just gonna start thinking like
OaHsxPwI0XE-00850-00184960-00185287 that someday and for for him it was just
OaHsxPwI0XE-00851-00185288-00185471 something he was going to do at two
OaHsxPwI0XE-00852-00185472-00185663 o'clock today i'm gonna think like that
OaHsxPwI0XE-00853-00185664-00185847 not the rest of the day but at two
OaHsxPwI0XE-00854-00185848-00186031 o'clock this is what i'm going to do
OaHsxPwI0XE-00855-00186032-00186319 right and so it really for us needed to
OaHsxPwI0XE-00856-00186320-00186438 be something that
OaHsxPwI0XE-00857-00186439-00186695 we get we know that we're complex we
OaHsxPwI0XE-00858-00186696-00186871 know that we're adaptive
OaHsxPwI0XE-00859-00186872-00187038 i don't know whether education really is
OaHsxPwI0XE-00860-00187039-00187423 adaptive i think it protects itself um
OaHsxPwI0XE-00861-00187424-00187502 but
OaHsxPwI0XE-00862-00187503-00187695 that's what we have to do especially if
OaHsxPwI0XE-00863-00187696-00187959 you think about what tara said is
OaHsxPwI0XE-00864-00187960-00188159 sometimes you really have to crack the
OaHsxPwI0XE-00865-00188160-00188390 whole system wide open to make a change
OaHsxPwI0XE-00866-00188391-00188526 and i think that that's kind of where
OaHsxPwI0XE-00867-00188527-00188775 we're at is we've got to break all the
OaHsxPwI0XE-00868-00188776-00188943 rules of our system to really make
OaHsxPwI0XE-00869-00188944-00189038 change
OaHsxPwI0XE-00870-00189039-00189135 so
OaHsxPwI0XE-00871-00189136-00189383 um miss laura said that i had 10 minutes
OaHsxPwI0XE-00872-00189384-00189590 i have 23 seconds left
OaHsxPwI0XE-00873-00189591-00189878 um i did set my timer so i did fall
OaHsxPwI0XE-00874-00189879-00190038 right in with your guidelines so
OaHsxPwI0XE-00875-00190039-00190287 therefore i won't be admonished by you
OaHsxPwI0XE-00876-00190288-00190671 and co called old anymore with that i
OaHsxPwI0XE-00877-00190672-00191126 will stop sharing
OaHsxPwI0XE-00878-00191127-00191399 well that was quite an ending thank you
OaHsxPwI0XE-00879-00191400-00191543 uh
OaHsxPwI0XE-00880-00191544-00191878 well those three fabulous presentations
OaHsxPwI0XE-00881-00191879-00192054 from three fabulous
OaHsxPwI0XE-00882-00192055-00192383 people none of which are old of course
OaHsxPwI0XE-00883-00192384-00192623 all youthful and lovely
OaHsxPwI0XE-00884-00192624-00192735 um
OaHsxPwI0XE-00885-00192736-00193047 so thank you for that and i guess what i
OaHsxPwI0XE-00886-00193048-00193366 want to do is i want to kick off the um
OaHsxPwI0XE-00887-00193367-00193654 q a portion as they come in from
OaHsxPwI0XE-00888-00193655-00193887 the uh from the audience i'm going to
OaHsxPwI0XE-00889-00193888-00194190 pose a couple of things to you but
OaHsxPwI0XE-00890-00194191-00194343 the first thing i was thinking about as
OaHsxPwI0XE-00891-00194344-00194502 i actually was listening to all three of
OaHsxPwI0XE-00892-00194503-00194743 you there's there's a cool
OaHsxPwI0XE-00893-00194744-00194935 common thread among you which is that in
OaHsxPwI0XE-00894-00194936-00195190 your own ways each one of you have had
OaHsxPwI0XE-00895-00195191-00195478 to sort of create a space whether it's
OaHsxPwI0XE-00896-00195479-00195726 literal or metaphorical
OaHsxPwI0XE-00897-00195727-00195919 for thinking and i'm wondering if each
OaHsxPwI0XE-00898-00195920-00196119 one of you could speak into how you've
OaHsxPwI0XE-00899-00196120-00196638 done that in your respective roles
OaHsxPwI0XE-00900-00196639-00196807 and why we have to do it by the way
OaHsxPwI0XE-00901-00196808-00197143 which is seems silly
OaHsxPwI0XE-00902-00197144-00197326 i'll dive in
OaHsxPwI0XE-00903-00197327-00197638 um i think creating a space for thinking
OaHsxPwI0XE-00904-00197639-00197719 is
OaHsxPwI0XE-00905-00197720-00198038 is it's important to remove boundaries
OaHsxPwI0XE-00906-00198039-00198354 so there are so many um
OaHsxPwI0XE-00907-00198355-00198623 expectations or
OaHsxPwI0XE-00908-00198624-00198814 you know um
OaHsxPwI0XE-00909-00198815-00199031 i don't know like historical
OaHsxPwI0XE-00910-00199032-00199383 um
OaHsxPwI0XE-00911-00199384-00199607 likes guidelines that you feel locked
OaHsxPwI0XE-00912-00199608-00199911 into sometimes they're like these norms
OaHsxPwI0XE-00913-00199912-00200023 that
OaHsxPwI0XE-00914-00200024-00200183 you are kind of almost like forced to
OaHsxPwI0XE-00915-00200184-00200375 buy into because they're just repetitive
OaHsxPwI0XE-00916-00200376-00200559 and it's just it's just what you're used
OaHsxPwI0XE-00917-00200560-00200750 to school is like this because that's
OaHsxPwI0XE-00918-00200751-00200902 what it's always been
OaHsxPwI0XE-00919-00200903-00201078 so i think the first way to really
OaHsxPwI0XE-00920-00201079-00201302 unlock thinking is to create a space or
OaHsxPwI0XE-00921-00201303-00201583 to enhance thinking is to create a space
OaHsxPwI0XE-00922-00201584-00201687 where
OaHsxPwI0XE-00923-00201688-00201935 it becomes more wide open like throw
OaHsxPwI0XE-00924-00201936-00202183 anything out there like imagine anything
OaHsxPwI0XE-00925-00202184-00202366 like pretend anything's possible for
OaHsxPwI0XE-00926-00202367-00202495 just a minute
OaHsxPwI0XE-00927-00202496-00202719 and then you know you can kind of work
OaHsxPwI0XE-00928-00202720-00202959 from there but i think for sure
OaHsxPwI0XE-00929-00202960-00203083 you know in
OaHsxPwI0XE-00930-00203084-00203414 education there are so many mandates
OaHsxPwI0XE-00931-00203415-00203726 and rules and standards and laws and
OaHsxPwI0XE-00932-00203727-00203975 legislatures so i remember when we
OaHsxPwI0XE-00933-00203976-00204119 started doing our work together one of
OaHsxPwI0XE-00934-00204120-00204278 the things i thought of
OaHsxPwI0XE-00935-00204279-00204447 really early on that still sticks with
OaHsxPwI0XE-00936-00204448-00204543 me
OaHsxPwI0XE-00937-00204544-00204647 is like
OaHsxPwI0XE-00938-00204648-00204871 just living right outside the box like
OaHsxPwI0XE-00939-00204871-00205038 my foot is still in the box because i
OaHsxPwI0XE-00940-00205039-00205271 understand that the truth of the matter
OaHsxPwI0XE-00941-00205271-00205471 is we are still held to these demands
OaHsxPwI0XE-00942-00205471-00205655 we're still monitored by the state so i
OaHsxPwI0XE-00943-00205656-00205951 can't just throw the box out so i have a
OaHsxPwI0XE-00944-00205952-00206166 toe in the box i'm touching the box but
OaHsxPwI0XE-00945-00206167-00206342 the work i'm doing
OaHsxPwI0XE-00946-00206344-00206510 is really
OaHsxPwI0XE-00947-00206511-00206734 everywhere else outside the box where i
OaHsxPwI0XE-00948-00206735-00206966 can build meaning and solutions that are
OaHsxPwI0XE-00949-00206967-00207198 really authentic and that really come
OaHsxPwI0XE-00950-00207200-00207455 from that infusion of thinking with my
OaHsxPwI0XE-00951-00207456-00207631 peers
OaHsxPwI0XE-00952-00207632-00207871 that's great
OaHsxPwI0XE-00953-00207871-00208071 mark or sam did you want to comment on
OaHsxPwI0XE-00954-00208071-00208198 that
OaHsxPwI0XE-00955-00208200-00208398 yeah i um
OaHsxPwI0XE-00956-00208400-00208542 so
OaHsxPwI0XE-00957-00208544-00208703 you know sam you know said something
OaHsxPwI0XE-00958-00208704-00208903 really important uh he said you know we
OaHsxPwI0XE-00959-00208904-00209086 didn't we didn't know what the heck uh
OaHsxPwI0XE-00960-00209087-00209231 engagement is
OaHsxPwI0XE-00961-00209232-00209398 um which is this is really interesting
OaHsxPwI0XE-00962-00209400-00209703 for me because the vision of our company
OaHsxPwI0XE-00963-00209704-00209887 is engaged humans
OaHsxPwI0XE-00964-00209888-00210134 so i feel that sam like every day right
OaHsxPwI0XE-00965-00210135-00210327 and so the question of like why did we
OaHsxPwI0XE-00966-00210328-00210534 create a space for thinking
OaHsxPwI0XE-00967-00210535-00210719 because what what what i was
OaHsxPwI0XE-00968-00210719-00211055 experiencing as kind of a non-public
OaHsxPwI0XE-00969-00211056-00211246 education entity and learning and a
OaHsxPwI0XE-00970-00211248-00211591 company was just seeing like hurting
OaHsxPwI0XE-00971-00211592-00211767 organizations organizations were
OaHsxPwI0XE-00972-00211767-00211982 literally coming and saying
OaHsxPwI0XE-00973-00211983-00212271 we are disengaged with those we serve i
OaHsxPwI0XE-00974-00212271-00212510 mean it doesn't get much worse than that
OaHsxPwI0XE-00975-00212511-00212671 when you're talking about like if you're
OaHsxPwI0XE-00976-00212671-00212815 at the top of an organization or if
OaHsxPwI0XE-00977-00212816-00212991 you're a company or if you're a school
OaHsxPwI0XE-00978-00212992-00213134 if you can literally say we're
OaHsxPwI0XE-00979-00213135-00213367 disengaged from them we don't know how
OaHsxPwI0XE-00980-00213367-00213479 to really
OaHsxPwI0XE-00981-00213480-00213703 have great conversations with them
OaHsxPwI0XE-00982-00213704-00213887 we don't really know how to ask them
OaHsxPwI0XE-00983-00213888-00214094 good questions we don't know how to
OaHsxPwI0XE-00984-00214096-00214223 convene them
OaHsxPwI0XE-00985-00214223-00214471 in any way that matters right because
OaHsxPwI0XE-00986-00214471-00214671 everybody is at that point in my
OaHsxPwI0XE-00987-00214671-00214967 business were zoomed out and and it it
OaHsxPwI0XE-00988-00214967-00215158 had nothing to do with zoom
OaHsxPwI0XE-00989-00215159-00215287 right and so
OaHsxPwI0XE-00990-00215288-00215487 in terms of creating a space
OaHsxPwI0XE-00991-00215488-00215767 so the techniques the tools etc it was
OaHsxPwI0XE-00992-00215767-00216063 absolutely driven by our mission right
OaHsxPwI0XE-00993-00216064-00216342 and to get to our to our vision so when
OaHsxPwI0XE-00994-00216344-00216679 you get really down to vmcl and you ask
OaHsxPwI0XE-00995-00216680-00216839 questions like oh why did you create a
OaHsxPwI0XE-00996-00216840-00217103 space if you can't answer that with
OaHsxPwI0XE-00997-00217104-00217319 it is a it's a capacity that we had to
OaHsxPwI0XE-00998-00217319-00217542 build to achieve our daily work to do
OaHsxPwI0XE-00999-00217544-00217742 our mission work to achieve our vision
OaHsxPwI0XE-01000-00217744-00217991 like making that connection
OaHsxPwI0XE-01001-00217992-00218167 we realized oh one of the things we had
OaHsxPwI0XE-01002-00218167-00218271 to do
OaHsxPwI0XE-01003-00218271-00218582 was we had to figure out how dsrp can be
OaHsxPwI0XE-01004-00218583-00218663 um
OaHsxPwI0XE-01005-00218664-00218871 it can be incredibly accessible i think
OaHsxPwI0XE-01006-00218871-00219063 earlier somebody asked about the agents
OaHsxPwI0XE-01007-00219064-00219310 like do you bring the agents in on the
OaHsxPwI0XE-01008-00219311-00219494 thinking and i would answer that
OaHsxPwI0XE-01009-00219496-00219631 question of like
OaHsxPwI0XE-01010-00219632-00219855 possibly but the reality is just do the
OaHsxPwI0XE-01011-00219856-00219942 work
OaHsxPwI0XE-01012-00219944-00220127 right just do the thinking with them
OaHsxPwI0XE-01013-00220128-00220351 just do it with them and if somebody
OaHsxPwI0XE-01014-00220352-00220551 asks like what are you doing you can
OaHsxPwI0XE-01015-00220552-00220727 bring them into the loop but just focus
OaHsxPwI0XE-01016-00220728-00221063 on doing that thinking with them
OaHsxPwI0XE-01017-00221064-00221179 and again that was kind of like the
OaHsxPwI0XE-01018-00221180-00221415 lvmcl we needed to figure out how to do
OaHsxPwI0XE-01019-00221416-00221591 that within the context of her work and
OaHsxPwI0XE-01020-00221592-00221791 create that learning space so driven by
OaHsxPwI0XE-01021-00221792-00222023 the vision to do our mission work and as
OaHsxPwI0XE-01022-00222023-00222582 part of our capacities to do that work
OaHsxPwI0XE-01023-00222583-00222682 that's
OaHsxPwI0XE-01024-00222683-00222863 great
OaHsxPwI0XE-01025-00222864-00223167 that was a good answer thank you
OaHsxPwI0XE-01026-00223167-00223391 all right so sam did you want to speak
OaHsxPwI0XE-01027-00223392-00223542 into the creating space thing you kind
OaHsxPwI0XE-01028-00223544-00223742 of already did a little bit but is there
OaHsxPwI0XE-01029-00223744-00223982 anything you want to add or we can yeah
OaHsxPwI0XE-01030-00223983-00224158 you can move to the next question well
OaHsxPwI0XE-01031-00224159-00224334 the next question is also i think you
OaHsxPwI0XE-01032-00224335-00224439 all are like
OaHsxPwI0XE-01033-00224440-00224615 the dynamic trio because all the
OaHsxPwI0XE-01034-00224616-00224767 questions coming in are for all three of
OaHsxPwI0XE-01035-00224767-00224967 you they want all of you to comment so
OaHsxPwI0XE-01036-00224967-00225103 the next question
OaHsxPwI0XE-01037-00225104-00225358 uh that's coming through the audience is
OaHsxPwI0XE-01038-00225359-00225598 could each of you talk a little bit more
OaHsxPwI0XE-01039-00225600-00225846 about mental models that you really had
OaHsxPwI0XE-01040-00225848-00226158 to change to get to the places where you
OaHsxPwI0XE-01041-00226159-00226391 are which are you know successful with
OaHsxPwI0XE-01042-00226392-00226598 systems thinking in your relative
OaHsxPwI0XE-01043-00226600-00226734 context so
OaHsxPwI0XE-01044-00226735-00226910 maybe sam you can kick us off on that
OaHsxPwI0XE-01045-00226911-00227231 one i know you talked about engagement
OaHsxPwI0XE-01046-00227232-00227415 uh as one of the things you really focus
OaHsxPwI0XE-01047-00227416-00227575 on are there others that have stood out
OaHsxPwI0XE-01048-00227576-00227839 over the years
OaHsxPwI0XE-01049-00227840-00228110 that school is not about teaching it's
OaHsxPwI0XE-01050-00228111-00228431 about learning right and that our mental
OaHsxPwI0XE-01051-00228432-00228606 model is that
OaHsxPwI0XE-01052-00228607-00228919 our system is built for the teacher
OaHsxPwI0XE-01053-00228919-00229198 the teacher is the employee
OaHsxPwI0XE-01054-00229200-00229303 uh
OaHsxPwI0XE-01055-00229304-00229551 we we serve the student right and that's
OaHsxPwI0XE-01056-00229552-00229775 and that's who should be the learner
OaHsxPwI0XE-01057-00229776-00229951 and i think that that is the one of the
OaHsxPwI0XE-01058-00229952-00230151 large the struggles is
OaHsxPwI0XE-01059-00230152-00230319 we too often
OaHsxPwI0XE-01060-00230319-00230575 have the mental model of trying to
OaHsxPwI0XE-01061-00230576-00230823 figure out how students will conform to
OaHsxPwI0XE-01062-00230823-00230934 us
OaHsxPwI0XE-01063-00230935-00231031 and
OaHsxPwI0XE-01064-00231032-00231239 we we forget that we're trying to create
OaHsxPwI0XE-01065-00231240-00231582 thinkers right right because
OaHsxPwI0XE-01066-00231583-00231855 you know test scores yadda like i'm you
OaHsxPwI0XE-01067-00231856-00231951 know
OaHsxPwI0XE-01068-00231952-00232127 i hate saying it but blah blah blah
OaHsxPwI0XE-01069-00232128-00232319 right my most successful times as a
OaHsxPwI0XE-01070-00232319-00232494 principal was when i said to the whole
OaHsxPwI0XE-01071-00232496-00232894 faculty stop worrying about test scores
OaHsxPwI0XE-01072-00232896-00233063 start teaching kids how to think and
OaHsxPwI0XE-01073-00233064-00233231 we'll figure out the test scores and i
OaHsxPwI0XE-01074-00233232-00233463 had the highest scores that we ever had
OaHsxPwI0XE-01075-00233464-00233639 when i walked into a faculty room and
OaHsxPwI0XE-01076-00233640-00233871 said stop you're done don't worry about
OaHsxPwI0XE-01077-00233871-00233975 it we're not
OaHsxPwI0XE-01078-00233976-00234134 you know and i always do the same thing
OaHsxPwI0XE-01079-00234135-00234279 when our scores are good don't hold a
OaHsxPwI0XE-01080-00234280-00234406 parade and when they're bad don't hang
OaHsxPwI0XE-01081-00234407-00234679 me an effigy let it ride
OaHsxPwI0XE-01082-00234680-00234831 we're learning to think right because
OaHsxPwI0XE-01083-00234832-00235110 our kids have stopped thinking and you
OaHsxPwI0XE-01084-00235111-00235279 know what some of our teachers have look
OaHsxPwI0XE-01085-00235280-00235551 at basil reading series and it's like
OaHsxPwI0XE-01086-00235552-00235727 education like if i just read this
OaHsxPwI0XE-01087-00235728-00235919 script everyone will learn
OaHsxPwI0XE-01088-00235919-00236094 and i think it's really dangerous place
OaHsxPwI0XE-01089-00236096-00236334 that we've we've forgotten both as
OaHsxPwI0XE-01090-00236335-00236575 everybody in our system whether it's
OaHsxPwI0XE-01091-00236576-00236846 custodials food service that we don't
OaHsxPwI0XE-01092-00236848-00237015 think that we just
OaHsxPwI0XE-01093-00237016-00237246 react because what do you want me to do
OaHsxPwI0XE-01094-00237248-00237463 how do i get an a thank you very much
OaHsxPwI0XE-01095-00237464-00237758 i'll go do that so i think that that
OaHsxPwI0XE-01096-00237759-00237942 maybe encompasses one big mental model
OaHsxPwI0XE-01097-00237944-00238358 for me yeah for sure for sure
OaHsxPwI0XE-01098-00238359-00238527 i think the one that stands out most to
OaHsxPwI0XE-01099-00238528-00238671 me is that
OaHsxPwI0XE-01100-00238671-00238879 this work is messy
OaHsxPwI0XE-01101-00238880-00239046 and that's good
OaHsxPwI0XE-01102-00239048-00239223 you know i think that you walk into
OaHsxPwI0XE-01103-00239223-00239391 something like this expecting that
OaHsxPwI0XE-01104-00239392-00239542 everything you know someone said it
OaHsxPwI0XE-01105-00239544-00239782 before is like very linear and students
OaHsxPwI0XE-01106-00239783-00239982 go through these grades and we take
OaHsxPwI0XE-01107-00239983-00240167 these tests we teach this content and
OaHsxPwI0XE-01108-00240167-00240358 this curriculum in order and then we
OaHsxPwI0XE-01109-00240359-00240655 assess it and then you know we you know
OaHsxPwI0XE-01110-00240656-00240975 we we follow these rules and
OaHsxPwI0XE-01111-00240976-00241246 learning and planning for learning and
OaHsxPwI0XE-01112-00241248-00241519 finding solutions for learning is really
OaHsxPwI0XE-01113-00241519-00241734 messy exciting
OaHsxPwI0XE-01114-00241735-00242006 great work so you have to i think you
OaHsxPwI0XE-01115-00242007-00242206 have to where my mental model has been
OaHsxPwI0XE-01116-00242207-00242367 adjusted is that you have to find
OaHsxPwI0XE-01117-00242367-00242615 comfort in that you know the messiness
OaHsxPwI0XE-01118-00242616-00242910 the struggle can't feel bad and wrong
OaHsxPwI0XE-01119-00242911-00243039 the struggle
OaHsxPwI0XE-01120-00243040-00243255 to me the messiness of that is the
OaHsxPwI0XE-01121-00243256-00243479 transformation and it's the growth and
OaHsxPwI0XE-01122-00243480-00243727 it's necessary actually
OaHsxPwI0XE-01123-00243728-00244182 yep love that i love that
OaHsxPwI0XE-01124-00244183-00244382 yeah this is my favorite question but
OaHsxPwI0XE-01125-00244383-00244582 like it's uh
OaHsxPwI0XE-01126-00244583-00244742 the reason it's my favorite question is
OaHsxPwI0XE-01127-00244744-00244879 i'm gonna answer it slightly different
OaHsxPwI0XE-01128-00244880-00245087 from a perspective of like the work we
OaHsxPwI0XE-01129-00245088-00245271 do with clients around mental models
OaHsxPwI0XE-01130-00245271-00245527 because i think taran and sam both gave
OaHsxPwI0XE-01131-00245528-00245758 amazing answers and so thinking about
OaHsxPwI0XE-01132-00245759-00246015 how we help clients in using mental
OaHsxPwI0XE-01133-00246016-00246382 models because they're everything right
OaHsxPwI0XE-01134-00246383-00246623 and so um didn't talk a lot about some
OaHsxPwI0XE-01135-00246623-00246798 of the work we do we work with those
OaHsxPwI0XE-01136-00246800-00247015 amazing clients um i have a client who's
OaHsxPwI0XE-01137-00247016-00247182 actually in the room so uh they're
OaHsxPwI0XE-01138-00247183-00247510 participating today um it's uh it's hbi
OaHsxPwI0XE-01139-00247511-00247710 it's the home builders institute so it's
OaHsxPwI0XE-01140-00247711-00247863 uh you know part of the national
OaHsxPwI0XE-01141-00247864-00248039 association of home builders
OaHsxPwI0XE-01142-00248040-00248398 and they're one of our clients and
OaHsxPwI0XE-01143-00248400-00248630 so for me what i had to figure out was
OaHsxPwI0XE-01144-00248631-00248855 as a business owner right especially in
OaHsxPwI0XE-01145-00248856-00249151 the education space is be very confident
OaHsxPwI0XE-01146-00249152-00249319 in the solutions solutions you're
OaHsxPwI0XE-01147-00249319-00249510 providing to an organization and you may
OaHsxPwI0XE-01148-00249511-00249639 not be telling them what they want to
OaHsxPwI0XE-01149-00249640-00249734 hear
OaHsxPwI0XE-01150-00249735-00249942 because you have to very quickly assess
OaHsxPwI0XE-01151-00249944-00250182 where is their mental model and we have
OaHsxPwI0XE-01152-00250183-00250463 to really ascertain quickly is do i need
OaHsxPwI0XE-01153-00250464-00250655 to help them make a mental model shift
OaHsxPwI0XE-01154-00250656-00250934 and if i do and we can do that work
OaHsxPwI0XE-01155-00250935-00251230 together it'll be an incredible project
OaHsxPwI0XE-01156-00251231-00251423 it'll be an incredible effort
OaHsxPwI0XE-01157-00251423-00251591 and so you know i'll just share this
OaHsxPwI0XE-01158-00251592-00251798 really briefly so one of the things that
OaHsxPwI0XE-01159-00251800-00252063 we started working with hbi on was
OaHsxPwI0XE-01160-00252064-00252175 that
OaHsxPwI0XE-01161-00252176-00252334 if you talk about
OaHsxPwI0XE-01162-00252335-00252527 embracing a crisis right now the home
OaHsxPwI0XE-01163-00252528-00252767 building industry is in crisis right and
OaHsxPwI0XE-01164-00252767-00253071 so really kind of briefly the
OaHsxPwI0XE-01165-00253071-00253215 goal is
OaHsxPwI0XE-01166-00253216-00253367 that they had an existing program that
OaHsxPwI0XE-01167-00253367-00253591 was to help kids in the home building
OaHsxPwI0XE-01168-00253592-00253846 sector like k-12 become entrepreneurial
OaHsxPwI0XE-01169-00253848-00253998 and explore entrepreneurism to make sure
OaHsxPwI0XE-01170-00254000-00254158 we don't have a dying off of home
OaHsxPwI0XE-01171-00254159-00254358 builders in the u.s and to help the
OaHsxPwI0XE-01172-00254359-00254582 workforce so what we discovered was
OaHsxPwI0XE-01173-00254583-00254871 their mental model was that they would
OaHsxPwI0XE-01174-00254871-00255063 eat until a student raised their hand
OaHsxPwI0XE-01175-00255064-00255191 and said i want to learn about
OaHsxPwI0XE-01176-00255192-00255367 entrepreneurism and if we look at
OaHsxPwI0XE-01177-00255367-00255519 statistically speaking entrepreneurial
OaHsxPwI0XE-01178-00255519-00255694 rates are incredibly low in the united
OaHsxPwI0XE-01179-00255696-00255982 states about three out of every 100 kids
OaHsxPwI0XE-01180-00255983-00256175 and imagine how many of those are home
OaHsxPwI0XE-01181-00256176-00256358 builders so even less
OaHsxPwI0XE-01182-00256359-00256455 right
OaHsxPwI0XE-01183-00256456-00256655 and so by having that model their course
OaHsxPwI0XE-01184-00256656-00256751 and they won't
OaHsxPwI0XE-01185-00256752-00256982 be too uh proud to say that you know be
OaHsxPwI0XE-01186-00256983-00257142 okay with me saying this it sat on the
OaHsxPwI0XE-01187-00257144-00257430 shelf right so it was education it was
OaHsxPwI0XE-01188-00257431-00257575 learning that was not reaching the
OaHsxPwI0XE-01189-00257576-00257687 target
OaHsxPwI0XE-01190-00257688-00257887 and so what we looked at was how could
OaHsxPwI0XE-01191-00257888-00258110 we shift that mental model and so we
OaHsxPwI0XE-01192-00258111-00258271 shifted the mental model to say well
OaHsxPwI0XE-01193-00258271-00258479 instead of serving the entrepreneurs who
OaHsxPwI0XE-01194-00258480-00258719 raise their hand what we want to do is
OaHsxPwI0XE-01195-00258719-00258919 have a mental model of growing
OaHsxPwI0XE-01196-00258919-00259063 entrepreneurial a growing
OaHsxPwI0XE-01197-00259064-00259246 entrepreneurial spirit which means we
OaHsxPwI0XE-01198-00259248-00259558 need to expose all 1000 students
OaHsxPwI0XE-01199-00259559-00259751 to entrepreneurial entrepreneurism
OaHsxPwI0XE-01200-00259752-00259903 within the context of the way they
OaHsxPwI0XE-01201-00259904-00260198 deliver their their curriculum so
OaHsxPwI0XE-01202-00260200-00260382 that was an incredible mental model
OaHsxPwI0XE-01203-00260383-00260655 shift that literally has led to the work
OaHsxPwI0XE-01204-00260656-00260958 that we're doing with them uh to impact
OaHsxPwI0XE-01205-00260959-00261167 entrepreneurs and across the u.s
OaHsxPwI0XE-01206-00261167-00261334 so if you think mental models aren't
OaHsxPwI0XE-01207-00261335-00261558 powerful that's how powerful they are
OaHsxPwI0XE-01208-00261559-00261751 right they they are literally everything
OaHsxPwI0XE-01209-00261752-00262063 to an organization uh and it even gets
OaHsxPwI0XE-01210-00262064-00262287 down to like how we approach uh products
OaHsxPwI0XE-01211-00262288-00262527 and services things we do right right
OaHsxPwI0XE-01212-00262528-00262663 right
OaHsxPwI0XE-01213-00262664-00262855 well so we have a you know a fair amount
OaHsxPwI0XE-01214-00262856-00262991 of people in the audience i know there's
OaHsxPwI0XE-01215-00262992-00263230 been a lot of interest in education
OaHsxPwI0XE-01216-00263231-00263471 generally in the last day and also today
OaHsxPwI0XE-01217-00263472-00263647 people have been asking about that and
OaHsxPwI0XE-01218-00263648-00263871 one of the things that i think
OaHsxPwI0XE-01219-00263872-00264143 uh that's obvious from the questions is
OaHsxPwI0XE-01220-00264144-00264351 people really want to know
OaHsxPwI0XE-01221-00264352-00264551 well okay this all is great but how do i
OaHsxPwI0XE-01222-00264552-00264806 actually do it how do i you know what do
OaHsxPwI0XE-01223-00264807-00264982 i actually how do i actually teach
OaHsxPwI0XE-01224-00264983-00265255 students in particular young students
OaHsxPwI0XE-01225-00265256-00265463 to become systems thinkers what are the
OaHsxPwI0XE-01226-00265464-00265679 tools the methods how do you actually do
OaHsxPwI0XE-01227-00265680-00265855 it in that moment where it's student and
OaHsxPwI0XE-01228-00265856-00266015 teacher and i'm wondering if you could
OaHsxPwI0XE-01229-00266016-00266295 speak to that i mean maybe tara you
OaHsxPwI0XE-01230-00266296-00266399 could start with that because i know
OaHsxPwI0XE-01231-00266400-00266551 when we first met you were supporting
OaHsxPwI0XE-01232-00266552-00266799 literacy for younger kids in uh green
OaHsxPwI0XE-01233-00266800-00266975 house you could talk about some of those
OaHsxPwI0XE-01234-00266976-00267071 tools and
OaHsxPwI0XE-01235-00267072-00267158 um
OaHsxPwI0XE-01236-00267159-00267310 sam you'd also mentioned when you're
OaHsxPwI0XE-01237-00267311-00267455 talking about the different modes of
OaHsxPwI0XE-01238-00267456-00267655 inquiry when you're doing an observation
OaHsxPwI0XE-01239-00267656-00267815 so maybe you could help the audience
OaHsxPwI0XE-01240-00267816-00268087 with some specificity in that
OaHsxPwI0XE-01241-00268088-00268223 yeah sure
OaHsxPwI0XE-01242-00268224-00268406 so when i think about our experience
OaHsxPwI0XE-01243-00268407-00268558 with the students which is really where
OaHsxPwI0XE-01244-00268559-00268719 the rubber meets the road and i think
OaHsxPwI0XE-01245-00268720-00268951 that's where i was really changed which
OaHsxPwI0XE-01246-00268952-00269182 was that watching them do it and what
OaHsxPwI0XE-01247-00269183-00269358 they were coming up with and how it was
OaHsxPwI0XE-01248-00269359-00269575 really impacting their thinking
OaHsxPwI0XE-01249-00269576-00269775 to move into such a deeper place was
OaHsxPwI0XE-01250-00269776-00269855 like
OaHsxPwI0XE-01251-00269856-00270015 it was moving
OaHsxPwI0XE-01252-00270016-00270167 i'll never forget there was a group of
OaHsxPwI0XE-01253-00270168-00270334 students in a third grade classroom so
OaHsxPwI0XE-01254-00270335-00270527 we were doing a project and i showed a
OaHsxPwI0XE-01255-00270528-00270734 picture of those think blocks and to me
OaHsxPwI0XE-01256-00270735-00270903 the think blocks were really important
OaHsxPwI0XE-01257-00270904-00271158 because it showed them their thinking it
OaHsxPwI0XE-01258-00271159-00271455 brought it to something tangible i think
OaHsxPwI0XE-01259-00271456-00271599 earlier in the session you were talking
OaHsxPwI0XE-01260-00271600-00271823 about like dinner time conversations
OaHsxPwI0XE-01261-00271824-00271991 where you were moving food i remember
OaHsxPwI0XE-01262-00271992-00272110 that was one of derek's first
OaHsxPwI0XE-01263-00272111-00272358 conversations like there is a place
OaHsxPwI0XE-01264-00272359-00272519 where they have to see it it has to
OaHsxPwI0XE-01265-00272520-00272710 become concrete so that we could talk
OaHsxPwI0XE-01266-00272711-00272951 about it and move it around so the think
OaHsxPwI0XE-01267-00272952-00273134 blocks were so powerful and we were
OaHsxPwI0XE-01268-00273135-00273382 doing a project um
OaHsxPwI0XE-01269-00273383-00273687 and it was about you know looking at
OaHsxPwI0XE-01270-00273688-00273982 responding to malaria in sub-saharan
OaHsxPwI0XE-01271-00273983-00274199 africa i mean let me remind you third
OaHsxPwI0XE-01272-00274200-00274382 graders are like
OaHsxPwI0XE-01273-00274383-00274479 nine
OaHsxPwI0XE-01274-00274480-00274639 they're eight years old
OaHsxPwI0XE-01275-00274640-00274847 and as they were researching this and
OaHsxPwI0XE-01276-00274848-00275039 coming up with things i remember there
OaHsxPwI0XE-01277-00275040-00275206 have been a few times in my career where
OaHsxPwI0XE-01278-00275207-00275358 i was like geez i wish i could record
OaHsxPwI0XE-01279-00275359-00275439 this
OaHsxPwI0XE-01280-00275440-00275575 and there was a group of students they
OaHsxPwI0XE-01281-00275576-00275758 were talking about um
OaHsxPwI0XE-01282-00275759-00275934 how catnip
OaHsxPwI0XE-01283-00275935-00276151 is uh you know it repels mosquitoes
OaHsxPwI0XE-01284-00276152-00276358 which is at the heart of this crisis and
OaHsxPwI0XE-01285-00276359-00276447 um
OaHsxPwI0XE-01286-00276448-00276623 and catnip grows in the hottest
OaHsxPwI0XE-01287-00276624-00276806 conditions and it's cheap and easy to
OaHsxPwI0XE-01288-00276807-00277079 grow and you could use it as an outer
OaHsxPwI0XE-01289-00277080-00277382 layer on the roofs of of the structures
OaHsxPwI0XE-01290-00277383-00277543 so they were breaking things into parts
OaHsxPwI0XE-01291-00277544-00277679 so they knew what the structures looked
OaHsxPwI0XE-01292-00277680-00278006 like but the blow away moment for me was
OaHsxPwI0XE-01293-00278007-00278182 when they said um
OaHsxPwI0XE-01294-00278183-00278382 and this is them like i'm just watching
OaHsxPwI0XE-01295-00278383-00278519 i wasn't doing anything at that point
OaHsxPwI0XE-01296-00278520-00278710 you know you're giving them the tools
OaHsxPwI0XE-01297-00278711-00278967 helping them see their thinking so then
OaHsxPwI0XE-01298-00278968-00279239 they could use it later
OaHsxPwI0XE-01299-00279240-00279503 and the one student said well just
OaHsxPwI0XE-01300-00279504-00279671 remember if we look at this from a
OaHsxPwI0XE-01301-00279672-00279855 different perspective with every
OaHsxPwI0XE-01302-00279856-00280063 solution there could be there could be
OaHsxPwI0XE-01303-00280064-00280295 other problems that are caused so if
OaHsxPwI0XE-01304-00280296-00280567 we're using catnip do we really want to
OaHsxPwI0XE-01305-00280568-00280663 draw
OaHsxPwI0XE-01306-00280664-00280934 large wild cats to these villages in
OaHsxPwI0XE-01307-00280935-00281151 sub-saharan africa or could that cause
OaHsxPwI0XE-01308-00281152-00281479 another problem and i was like
OaHsxPwI0XE-01309-00281480-00281719 you don't need me goodbye
OaHsxPwI0XE-01310-00281720-00281991 it was so unbelievable to watch but so
OaHsxPwI0XE-01311-00281992-00282310 how did you do it uh you know you had a
OaHsxPwI0XE-01312-00282311-00282543 poster i actually almost used it and it
OaHsxPwI0XE-01313-00282544-00282758 was so simple i guess is the point you
OaHsxPwI0XE-01314-00282759-00282967 had a poster that had some questions you
OaHsxPwI0XE-01315-00282968-00283182 know distinctions what is it what is it
OaHsxPwI0XE-01316-00283183-00283263 not
OaHsxPwI0XE-01317-00283264-00283479 um point of view what does this look
OaHsxPwI0XE-01318-00283480-00283710 like what does the other look like um
OaHsxPwI0XE-01319-00283711-00283879 and but i really feel like very
OaHsxPwI0XE-01320-00283880-00284095 connected to the blocks because you're
OaHsxPwI0XE-01321-00284096-00284287 you do it naturally so we would be
OaHsxPwI0XE-01322-00284288-00284543 reading or writing and you know what is
OaHsxPwI0XE-01323-00284544-00284751 what are the parts of this story and
OaHsxPwI0XE-01324-00284752-00284903 they knew that and this there were
OaHsxPwI0XE-01325-00284904-00285030 questions that they were asked to do all
OaHsxPwI0XE-01326-00285031-00285158 the time so it's like okay let's write
OaHsxPwI0XE-01327-00285159-00285367 that on the blocks look these are the
OaHsxPwI0XE-01328-00285368-00285671 parts of a whole that is a story so we
OaHsxPwI0XE-01329-00285672-00285847 started infusing it with things that
OaHsxPwI0XE-01330-00285848-00286054 they were already doing
OaHsxPwI0XE-01331-00286055-00286271 and thinking that was already taking
OaHsxPwI0XE-01332-00286272-00286495 place and then we allowed them to take
OaHsxPwI0XE-01333-00286496-00286743 those tools and now purposely
OaHsxPwI0XE-01334-00286744-00286967 and intentionally bring those tools to
OaHsxPwI0XE-01335-00286968-00287127 other things that they were not
OaHsxPwI0XE-01336-00287128-00287351 experienced with so now we know that
OaHsxPwI0XE-01337-00287352-00287582 these are parts to a story so a story is
OaHsxPwI0XE-01338-00287583-00287815 the whole which has parts but what about
OaHsxPwI0XE-01339-00287816-00287999 when we're looking at sub-saharan africa
OaHsxPwI0XE-01340-00288000-00288158 what's the whole what's the parts how do
OaHsxPwI0XE-01341-00288159-00288399 we think about that and it was
OaHsxPwI0XE-01342-00288400-00288567 unbelievable that they just you know
OaHsxPwI0XE-01343-00288568-00288823 they have no reservation they just well
OaHsxPwI0XE-01344-00288824-00289054 let me dive in and try there's no fear
OaHsxPwI0XE-01345-00289055-00289239 of failure or i'm not really sure how to
OaHsxPwI0XE-01346-00289240-00289447 do this it's just
OaHsxPwI0XE-01347-00289448-00289567 something that they do and it's really
OaHsxPwI0XE-01348-00289568-00289743 powerful to watch
OaHsxPwI0XE-01349-00289744-00289975 yeah that's great and you know i'm gonna
OaHsxPwI0XE-01350-00289976-00290119 jump from what you just said which is
OaHsxPwI0XE-01351-00290120-00290271 they don't even
OaHsxPwI0XE-01352-00290272-00290439 they don't even need you to what you
OaHsxPwI0XE-01353-00290440-00290663 were talking about sam about shifting
OaHsxPwI0XE-01354-00290664-00290823 from schools that are designed for
OaHsxPwI0XE-01355-00290824-00291063 teachers versus design for learners so
OaHsxPwI0XE-01356-00291064-00291206 maybe you can
OaHsxPwI0XE-01357-00291207-00291375 connect into the learner like how did
OaHsxPwI0XE-01358-00291376-00291630 you actually make that shift not just
OaHsxPwI0XE-01359-00291631-00291903 culturally but like on the ground from
OaHsxPwI0XE-01360-00291904-00292119 teacher center to learner-centered at
OaHsxPwI0XE-01361-00292120-00292447 sdsd
OaHsxPwI0XE-01362-00292448-00292615 right so
OaHsxPwI0XE-01363-00292616-00292799 i mean i'll also acknowledge we are
OaHsxPwI0XE-01364-00292800-00293063 certainly not there right we are
OaHsxPwI0XE-01365-00293064-00293263 very much a work in progress
OaHsxPwI0XE-01366-00293264-00293551 and i think tara probably has more
OaHsxPwI0XE-01367-00293552-00293727 um
OaHsxPwI0XE-01368-00293728-00293910 more experience with
OaHsxPwI0XE-01369-00293911-00294158 developing students in this area
OaHsxPwI0XE-01370-00294159-00294295 i think that that was my struggle from
OaHsxPwI0XE-01371-00294296-00294430 the get-go is do i start with the
OaHsxPwI0XE-01372-00294431-00294639 teachers or the students i almost
OaHsxPwI0XE-01373-00294640-00294847 believe what tara said i don't even know
OaHsxPwI0XE-01374-00294848-00294999 if the students need us if we can just
OaHsxPwI0XE-01375-00295000-00295182 get out of their way they probably
OaHsxPwI0XE-01376-00295183-00295447 process this information a lot like this
OaHsxPwI0XE-01377-00295448-00295647 it's so many times that it's the faculty
OaHsxPwI0XE-01378-00295648-00295782 that hold them back
OaHsxPwI0XE-01379-00295783-00295958 and so that was a struggle for me do i
OaHsxPwI0XE-01380-00295959-00296223 start with students and in
OaHsxPwI0XE-01381-00296224-00296439 real in reality provide them with this
OaHsxPwI0XE-01382-00296440-00296751 so that they this ability to articulate
OaHsxPwI0XE-01383-00296752-00296934 their thinking and make it visible which
OaHsxPwI0XE-01384-00296935-00297206 will then force teachers to change or do
OaHsxPwI0XE-01385-00297207-00297343 i
OaHsxPwI0XE-01386-00297344-00297551 provide this safe space where teachers
OaHsxPwI0XE-01387-00297552-00297758 will not inhibit the students growth
OaHsxPwI0XE-01388-00297759-00297887 because they're afraid of what the
OaHsxPwI0XE-01389-00297888-00298079 students are doing right and so that's
OaHsxPwI0XE-01390-00298080-00298343 always i'm not sure which one is right
OaHsxPwI0XE-01391-00298344-00298487 yet um
OaHsxPwI0XE-01392-00298488-00298687 and so we've tried to build the capacity
OaHsxPwI0XE-01393-00298688-00298919 and like many of us like you know cove
OaHsxPwI0XE-01394-00298920-00299039 had stuck
OaHsxPwI0XE-01395-00299040-00299239 you know a big old stop sign and a lot
OaHsxPwI0XE-01396-00299240-00299430 of the work that we've been doing and so
OaHsxPwI0XE-01397-00299431-00299639 trying to pick that back up but for me
OaHsxPwI0XE-01398-00299640-00299782 it's been more about trying to build
OaHsxPwI0XE-01399-00299783-00300071 that capacity and allow students
OaHsxPwI0XE-01400-00300072-00300167 um
OaHsxPwI0XE-01401-00300168-00300310 to to grow
OaHsxPwI0XE-01402-00300311-00300495 and like we all have these stories and
OaHsxPwI0XE-01403-00300496-00300734 one of ours in instructional rounds is i
OaHsxPwI0XE-01404-00300735-00300903 was in a fourth grade class they were
OaHsxPwI0XE-01405-00300904-00301143 doing circumference here as a kid
OaHsxPwI0XE-01406-00301144-00301303 everybody was sure that he wasn't
OaHsxPwI0XE-01407-00301304-00301567 engaged he's not paying attention he's
OaHsxPwI0XE-01408-00301568-00301775 you know blah blah blah he raises his
OaHsxPwI0XE-01409-00301776-00301943 hand and says
OaHsxPwI0XE-01410-00301944-00302127 hey mrs kelly
OaHsxPwI0XE-01411-00302128-00302295 why do we have to call it a circle if we
OaHsxPwI0XE-01412-00302296-00302423 have to figure out the circumference
OaHsxPwI0XE-01413-00302424-00302558 can't we just call them circumferences
OaHsxPwI0XE-01414-00302559-00302719 and stop calling them circles why do we
OaHsxPwI0XE-01415-00302720-00302951 need to have two names right and
OaHsxPwI0XE-01416-00302952-00303103 everybody was sure that this kid's
OaHsxPwI0XE-01417-00303104-00303351 paying no attention and yet you know he
OaHsxPwI0XE-01418-00303352-00303495 has the deepest con
OaHsxPwI0XE-01419-00303496-00303615 you know everybody else can figure out
OaHsxPwI0XE-01420-00303616-00303782 what circumference is but
OaHsxPwI0XE-01421-00303783-00303999 he's thinking like how are these the
OaHsxPwI0XE-01422-00304000-00304167 same why are these two words different
OaHsxPwI0XE-01423-00304168-00304343 like why this doesn't make sense to me
OaHsxPwI0XE-01424-00304344-00304727 right so i think giving teachers the
OaHsxPwI0XE-01425-00304728-00304887 capacity right
OaHsxPwI0XE-01426-00304888-00305151 to allow this to happen for me has been
OaHsxPwI0XE-01427-00305152-00305479 the way i've been moving trying to move
OaHsxPwI0XE-01428-00305480-00305654 our district forward
OaHsxPwI0XE-01429-00305655-00305895 to help students get there so
OaHsxPwI0XE-01430-00305896-00306134 that's great it's great
OaHsxPwI0XE-01431-00306135-00306334 i'm wondering if i can
OaHsxPwI0XE-01432-00306335-00306527 impose on the three of you to stay on
OaHsxPwI0XE-01433-00306528-00306671 for a few more minutes we've still got
OaHsxPwI0XE-01434-00306672-00306839 some questions and we're going to do an
OaHsxPwI0XE-01435-00306840-00307023 unprecedented move at the end of the
OaHsxPwI0XE-01436-00307024-00307175 conference which is
OaHsxPwI0XE-01437-00307176-00307399 i have dr derek bear who's just chomping
OaHsxPwI0XE-01438-00307400-00307615 at the bit to ask you a question so
OaHsxPwI0XE-01439-00307616-00307839 we're going to swap him into the panel
OaHsxPwI0XE-01440-00307840-00308006 and he's going to lead you a question
OaHsxPwI0XE-01441-00308007-00308239 and we're going to transition it with
OaHsxPwI0XE-01442-00308240-00308439 great adaptivity because we're systems
OaHsxPwI0XE-01443-00308440-00308703 thinkers after all right so derek i'm
OaHsxPwI0XE-01444-00308704-00308791 going to
OaHsxPwI0XE-01445-00308792-00309063 mute myself which allows you to
OaHsxPwI0XE-01446-00309064-00309287 take it away
OaHsxPwI0XE-01447-00309288-00309430 thank you
OaHsxPwI0XE-01448-00309431-00309782 um this has been wonderful to watch uh
OaHsxPwI0XE-01449-00309783-00310206 you know three of my favorite people um
OaHsxPwI0XE-01450-00310207-00310287 i
OaHsxPwI0XE-01451-00310288-00310495 i want to switch gears a little bit
OaHsxPwI0XE-01452-00310496-00310710 because you know in education we get we
OaHsxPwI0XE-01453-00310711-00310895 do get hung up on like all the things
OaHsxPwI0XE-01454-00310896-00311206 we're teaching you know and um
OaHsxPwI0XE-01455-00311207-00311430 and i want to
OaHsxPwI0XE-01456-00311431-00311606 i want to just get your your guys's
OaHsxPwI0XE-01457-00311607-00311830 thoughts on on
OaHsxPwI0XE-01458-00311831-00311943 i've always
OaHsxPwI0XE-01459-00311944-00312199 thought that when we see a student's
OaHsxPwI0XE-01460-00312200-00312334 thinking
OaHsxPwI0XE-01461-00312335-00312623 we see the student
OaHsxPwI0XE-01462-00312624-00312791 and and just
OaHsxPwI0XE-01463-00312792-00312879 talk
OaHsxPwI0XE-01464-00312880-00313023 i'd like to hear from all three of you
OaHsxPwI0XE-01465-00313024-00313223 on what what does that mean to you
OaHsxPwI0XE-01466-00313224-00313406 because to me it's
OaHsxPwI0XE-01467-00313407-00313863 it's incredibly meaningful
OaHsxPwI0XE-01468-00313864-00314127 yeah derek i actually so tara you act
OaHsxPwI0XE-01469-00314128-00314263 you mentioned something in your
OaHsxPwI0XE-01470-00314264-00314415 conversation you said seeing everybody
OaHsxPwI0XE-01471-00314416-00314551 in the room
OaHsxPwI0XE-01472-00314552-00314710 right which i and i wrote that down
OaHsxPwI0XE-01473-00314711-00314815 because i thought you know this is
OaHsxPwI0XE-01474-00314816-00314951 something that we should circle back and
OaHsxPwI0XE-01475-00314952-00315082 talk on
OaHsxPwI0XE-01476-00315083-00315415 um from the from
OaHsxPwI0XE-01477-00315416-00315582 from one perspective derek i think what
OaHsxPwI0XE-01478-00315583-00315910 that means to me is that um
OaHsxPwI0XE-01479-00315911-00316175 we're real humans and when we show up
OaHsxPwI0XE-01480-00316176-00316471 we're not showing up necessarily for
OaHsxPwI0XE-01481-00316472-00316671 what we believe is the same reason right
OaHsxPwI0XE-01482-00316672-00316815 like we think people are going to show
OaHsxPwI0XE-01483-00316816-00317023 up to like uh
OaHsxPwI0XE-01484-00317024-00317230 the content i'm going to share today is
OaHsxPwI0XE-01485-00317231-00317495 such an amazing piece of content that's
OaHsxPwI0XE-01486-00317496-00317734 why everybody is showing up
OaHsxPwI0XE-01487-00317735-00317991 and that everybody is certainly ready to
OaHsxPwI0XE-01488-00317992-00318271 engage with that content right you know
OaHsxPwI0XE-01489-00318272-00318382 and so
OaHsxPwI0XE-01490-00318383-00318534 i and what's interesting is i think is
OaHsxPwI0XE-01491-00318535-00318823 when you start to become aware of seeing
OaHsxPwI0XE-01492-00318824-00318967 everybody that's in the room in front of
OaHsxPwI0XE-01493-00318968-00319182 you start to realize that whatever
OaHsxPwI0XE-01494-00319183-00319334 happened to them the moments before
OaHsxPwI0XE-01495-00319335-00319447 whatever happened to them the night
OaHsxPwI0XE-01496-00319448-00319606 before whatever hap is happening in
OaHsxPwI0XE-01497-00319607-00319719 their life
OaHsxPwI0XE-01498-00319720-00319903 uh if they're an adult if this is for
OaHsxPwI0XE-01499-00319904-00320063 their job they have a very different
OaHsxPwI0XE-01500-00320064-00320303 perspective of why they're there today
OaHsxPwI0XE-01501-00320304-00320430 it might have nothing to do with the
OaHsxPwI0XE-01502-00320431-00320567 content it might have everything to do
OaHsxPwI0XE-01503-00320568-00320863 with complying with their boss
OaHsxPwI0XE-01504-00320864-00320991 right um
OaHsxPwI0XE-01505-00320992-00321175 and for for kids of course a host of
OaHsxPwI0XE-01506-00321176-00321287 reasons
OaHsxPwI0XE-01507-00321288-00321639 uh and so it's absolutely critical that
OaHsxPwI0XE-01508-00321640-00322006 we have that ability to literally look
OaHsxPwI0XE-01509-00322007-00322295 at each person that we're working with
OaHsxPwI0XE-01510-00322296-00322558 and while we may not have that ability
OaHsxPwI0XE-01511-00322559-00322767 to have the conversation with sam or
OaHsxPwI0XE-01512-00322768-00323047 with tara or derek at that moment
OaHsxPwI0XE-01513-00323048-00323215 what we have to look for are the cues
OaHsxPwI0XE-01514-00323216-00323439 the things that they're sending to us
OaHsxPwI0XE-01515-00323440-00323751 right the interaction the body language
OaHsxPwI0XE-01516-00323752-00323927 the questions that they are asking
OaHsxPwI0XE-01517-00323928-00324054 because there's a great phrase i'll kind
OaHsxPwI0XE-01518-00324055-00324247 of end with this is that you know
OaHsxPwI0XE-01519-00324248-00324423 questions predict the future before the
OaHsxPwI0XE-01520-00324424-00324558 answers arrive
OaHsxPwI0XE-01521-00324559-00324782 and so when sam had that that gentleman
OaHsxPwI0XE-01522-00324783-00324982 asked the the boy asked the question why
OaHsxPwI0XE-01523-00324983-00325175 can't we call it right
OaHsxPwI0XE-01524-00325176-00325430 there's a lot hidden in that question
OaHsxPwI0XE-01525-00325431-00325671 it's predicting kind of like you know
OaHsxPwI0XE-01526-00325672-00325910 where is this student's mind where is
OaHsxPwI0XE-01527-00325911-00326158 their perspective coming from
OaHsxPwI0XE-01528-00326159-00326527 um so i i think uh i'll wrap it up and
OaHsxPwI0XE-01529-00326528-00326719 say i think it's um
OaHsxPwI0XE-01530-00326720-00326879 just an acknowledgement that we're all
OaHsxPwI0XE-01531-00326880-00326982 humans
OaHsxPwI0XE-01532-00326983-00327247 and that we uh likewise you know see
OaHsxPwI0XE-01533-00327248-00327367 everybody in the room for those
OaHsxPwI0XE-01534-00327368-00327958 different reasons they're present
OaHsxPwI0XE-01535-00327959-00328134 yeah that's awesome mark i'll i'll
OaHsxPwI0XE-01536-00328135-00328367 expand on that and i think that
OaHsxPwI0XE-01537-00328368-00328623 it's a level of vulnerability that they
OaHsxPwI0XE-01538-00328624-00328871 have to trust that you really want to
OaHsxPwI0XE-01539-00328872-00329030 know what they're thinking
OaHsxPwI0XE-01540-00329031-00329367 so it's really easy to ask the question
OaHsxPwI0XE-01541-00329368-00329558 and have the student who always gives
OaHsxPwI0XE-01542-00329559-00329751 the right answers give the right answers
OaHsxPwI0XE-01543-00329752-00330039 and tell you what they're thinking
OaHsxPwI0XE-01544-00330040-00330199 but oftentimes they're just telling you
OaHsxPwI0XE-01545-00330200-00330447 what they think you want to hear
OaHsxPwI0XE-01546-00330448-00330687 so it's a really vulnerable space for
OaHsxPwI0XE-01547-00330688-00330895 students to be willing to share the
OaHsxPwI0XE-01548-00330896-00331182 intimacy of what they're thinking and
OaHsxPwI0XE-01549-00331183-00331334 what they're thinking is usually
OaHsxPwI0XE-01550-00331335-00331527 incredibly amazing it's sometimes
OaHsxPwI0XE-01551-00331528-00331919 devastating um it's powerful and i think
OaHsxPwI0XE-01552-00331920-00332110 one of the hardest things we're finding
OaHsxPwI0XE-01553-00332111-00332343 with kovid is that when i go into
OaHsxPwI0XE-01554-00332344-00332567 classrooms and where i'm working with
OaHsxPwI0XE-01555-00332568-00332863 teachers and i say how are the kids
OaHsxPwI0XE-01556-00332864-00332982 um
OaHsxPwI0XE-01557-00332983-00333071 one of the things they've been
OaHsxPwI0XE-01558-00333072-00333303 struggling most with is that the kids
OaHsxPwI0XE-01559-00333304-00333623 aren't there the kids are not responsive
OaHsxPwI0XE-01560-00333624-00333815 they're not smiling or they're not
OaHsxPwI0XE-01561-00333816-00333982 they're not reacting
OaHsxPwI0XE-01562-00333983-00334063 um
OaHsxPwI0XE-01563-00334064-00334199 and so
OaHsxPwI0XE-01564-00334200-00334391 it's hard to know with a with that
OaHsxPwI0XE-01565-00334392-00334534 blankness
OaHsxPwI0XE-01566-00334535-00334695 what they're thinking or what's what's
OaHsxPwI0XE-01567-00334696-00334910 getting in what's coming out and so it's
OaHsxPwI0XE-01568-00334911-00335054 really been a lot of what we've been
OaHsxPwI0XE-01569-00335055-00335182 talking about
OaHsxPwI0XE-01570-00335183-00335263 um
OaHsxPwI0XE-01571-00335264-00335527 like we said put the content away
OaHsxPwI0XE-01572-00335528-00335767 those relationships we have to we have
OaHsxPwI0XE-01573-00335768-00335999 to connect with them again and they have
OaHsxPwI0XE-01574-00336000-00336254 to trust that we want to and that what
OaHsxPwI0XE-01575-00336255-00336454 they're feeling is okay and that before
OaHsxPwI0XE-01576-00336455-00336639 we talk about math
OaHsxPwI0XE-01577-00336640-00336839 if you're feeling scared about something
OaHsxPwI0XE-01578-00336840-00337023 or if you're feeling worried let's talk
OaHsxPwI0XE-01579-00337024-00337278 about that first so everything else has
OaHsxPwI0XE-01580-00337279-00337558 to come secondary and in a school system
OaHsxPwI0XE-01581-00337559-00337767 what i'm also finding is that
OaHsxPwI0XE-01582-00337768-00337910 people aren't used to that you know
OaHsxPwI0XE-01583-00337911-00338110 we're really good at at
OaHsxPwI0XE-01584-00338111-00338319 transferring content we're really good
OaHsxPwI0XE-01585-00338320-00338558 at really got it talking about math and
OaHsxPwI0XE-01586-00338559-00338823 science but to talk about
OaHsxPwI0XE-01587-00338824-00339039 you know feelings and emotions
OaHsxPwI0XE-01588-00339040-00339151 and
OaHsxPwI0XE-01589-00339152-00339439 those deeply rooted
OaHsxPwI0XE-01590-00339440-00339623 concepts that ultimately show what a
OaHsxPwI0XE-01591-00339624-00339830 student is thinking and feeling is is a
OaHsxPwI0XE-01592-00339831-00339975 real learning curve
OaHsxPwI0XE-01593-00339976-00340334 um but like i said earlier um thank god
OaHsxPwI0XE-01594-00340335-00340503 that that's our focus right now because
OaHsxPwI0XE-01595-00340504-00340687 that's probably always been what's been
OaHsxPwI0XE-01596-00340688-00340878 most important and we it's just
OaHsxPwI0XE-01597-00340879-00341054 unavoidable now
OaHsxPwI0XE-01598-00341055-00341287 yeah that's it might be what's always
OaHsxPwI0XE-01599-00341288-00341495 been most important and and it's so
OaHsxPwI0XE-01600-00341496-00341743 important what you said there because uh
OaHsxPwI0XE-01601-00341744-00341919 you know the emotions a lot of people
OaHsxPwI0XE-01602-00341920-00342078 say oh well you're just about thinking
OaHsxPwI0XE-01603-00342079-00342278 like what about emotions and it's like
OaHsxPwI0XE-01604-00342279-00342454 well those emotions are coming from our
OaHsxPwI0XE-01605-00342455-00342695 mental models of what we believe might
OaHsxPwI0XE-01606-00342696-00342927 be true or what we believe might be the
OaHsxPwI0XE-01607-00342928-00343215 case and so we're afraid of something
OaHsxPwI0XE-01608-00343216-00343406 and and if you don't get at that mental
OaHsxPwI0XE-01609-00343407-00343534 model you're not going to get at the
OaHsxPwI0XE-01610-00343535-00343687 emotion and
OaHsxPwI0XE-01611-00343688-00343847 and all that so
OaHsxPwI0XE-01612-00343848-00344199 sam
OaHsxPwI0XE-01613-00344200-00344295 i think
OaHsxPwI0XE-01614-00344296-00344599 if if we really see students
OaHsxPwI0XE-01615-00344600-00344887 what it really exposes is it exposes us
OaHsxPwI0XE-01616-00344888-00345095 as teachers and administrators and our
OaHsxPwI0XE-01617-00345096-00345295 own vulnerabilities and our own implicit
OaHsxPwI0XE-01618-00345296-00345439 biases
OaHsxPwI0XE-01619-00345440-00345591 and someone wrote in there do you see
OaHsxPwI0XE-01620-00345592-00345791 strengths or deficits right
OaHsxPwI0XE-01621-00345792-00345975 so so many of us walk into that
OaHsxPwI0XE-01622-00345976-00346175 classroom with predetermined what looks
OaHsxPwI0XE-01623-00346176-00346358 like a deficit and what looks like an
OaHsxPwI0XE-01624-00346359-00346471 asset
OaHsxPwI0XE-01625-00346472-00346806 and i think if you really stop
OaHsxPwI0XE-01626-00346807-00347023 to listen
OaHsxPwI0XE-01627-00347024-00347278 and see students as independent thinkers
OaHsxPwI0XE-01628-00347279-00347510 that come with their own set of mental
OaHsxPwI0XE-01629-00347511-00347743 models right and help guide them through
OaHsxPwI0XE-01630-00347744-00347871 their thinking
OaHsxPwI0XE-01631-00347872-00348143 not to the answer but to the thinking
OaHsxPwI0XE-01632-00348144-00348319 what's really difficult is to get rid of
OaHsxPwI0XE-01633-00348320-00348599 your own biases and vulnerabilities to
OaHsxPwI0XE-01634-00348600-00348775 allow that to happen
OaHsxPwI0XE-01635-00348776-00349103 and let's and let's be very clear
OaHsxPwI0XE-01636-00349104-00349239 that type of
OaHsxPwI0XE-01637-00349240-00349575 teaching and learning is hard
OaHsxPwI0XE-01638-00349576-00349847 it's very easy to put them in rows
OaHsxPwI0XE-01639-00349848-00350023 deliver content
OaHsxPwI0XE-01640-00350024-00350151 assess
OaHsxPwI0XE-01641-00350152-00350439 assign a grade and move on what's really
OaHsxPwI0XE-01642-00350440-00350854 really hard is to have a room of 20 25
OaHsxPwI0XE-01643-00350855-00351063 individuals thinking
OaHsxPwI0XE-01644-00351064-00351287 and you to be able to check your own
OaHsxPwI0XE-01645-00351288-00351647 biases it's hard work it's not easy and
OaHsxPwI0XE-01646-00351648-00351758 so
OaHsxPwI0XE-01647-00351759-00351967 when i think about seeing i think about
OaHsxPwI0XE-01648-00351968-00352191 a very free-flowing
OaHsxPwI0XE-01649-00352192-00352478 thinking room that you have to
OaHsxPwI0XE-01650-00352479-00352678 expose your own self
OaHsxPwI0XE-01651-00352679-00352830 as the
OaHsxPwI0XE-01652-00352831-00353015 quote-unquote leader of the room and i
OaHsxPwI0XE-01653-00353016-00353327 think that's what makes it hard
OaHsxPwI0XE-01654-00353328-00353415 well
OaHsxPwI0XE-01655-00353416-00353703 we thank you for all the i feel like you
OaHsxPwI0XE-01656-00353704-00353934 know we say this to to military folks
OaHsxPwI0XE-01657-00353935-00354143 thank you for your service i think we
OaHsxPwI0XE-01658-00354144-00354351 should say the same thing for educators
OaHsxPwI0XE-01659-00354352-00354663 because the work you guys are doing
OaHsxPwI0XE-01660-00354664-00354791 especially
OaHsxPwI0XE-01661-00354792-00355087 now now
OaHsxPwI0XE-01662-00355088-00355367 it's good work it's necessary work
OaHsxPwI0XE-01663-00355368-00355606 and we appreciate your efforts
OaHsxPwI0XE-01664-00355607-00355767 which we know because we know you
OaHsxPwI0XE-01665-00355768-00355975 personally are tireless and we do
OaHsxPwI0XE-01666-00355976-00356167 appreciate that
OaHsxPwI0XE-01667-00356168-00356343 and taking the extra time to be with us
OaHsxPwI0XE-01668-00356344-00356519 today yeah
OaHsxPwI0XE-01669-00356520-00357230 we appreciate it thank you
OaHsxPwI0XE-01670-00357231-00357440 you
OhgqPaXJCgQ-00001-00008251-00009045 [Music]
OhgqPaXJCgQ-00002-00009046-00009840 [Music]
OhgqPaXJCgQ-00003-00009841-00010587 [Music]
OhgqPaXJCgQ-00005-00013853-00014501 [Music]
OhgqPaXJCgQ-00006-00014502-00016236 [Music]
OhgqPaXJCgQ-00007-00016237-00018852 [Music]
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Okzp0lCwDNu-00001-00002500-00003141 [Music]
Okzp0lCwDNu-00003-00006458-00007290 [Music]
Okzp0lCwDNu-00004-00007291-00008619 [Music]
Okzp0lCwDNu-00006-00016648-00016854 me
Okzp0lCwDNu-00007-00016855-00017155 [Music]
Om47kI694Xg-00000-00000000-00000125 let's
Om47kI694Xg-00001-00000126-00000571 um let's start today
Om47kI694Xg-00002-00000572-00000821 so I think
Om47kI694Xg-00003-00000822-00000893 um
Om47kI694Xg-00004-00000894-00001295 Eric ning why don't you um
Om47kI694Xg-00005-00001296-00001630 you um started off with where you think
Om47kI694Xg-00006-00001632-00001889 we are and then we have Paul and Jesu
Om47kI694Xg-00007-00001889-00001973 here
Om47kI694Xg-00008-00001973-00002357 yeah yeah thanks thanks Joe I think yeah
Om47kI694Xg-00009-00002358-00002584 um maybe before we left off in the last
Om47kI694Xg-00010-00002585-00003052 meeting looked like uh on you had maybe
Om47kI694Xg-00011-00003053-00003256 some comments you wanted to share about
Om47kI694Xg-00012-00003257-00003659 the the 502 submission that you
Om47kI694Xg-00013-00003660-00003881 reference a little bit earlier in the
Om47kI694Xg-00014-00003882-00004145 year but maybe if you have more detailed
Om47kI694Xg-00015-00004146-00004343 comments on how we can improve things or
Om47kI694Xg-00016-00004344-00004529 or the overall process we'd love to hear
Om47kI694Xg-00017-00004530-00004822 it sure yeah I have some updates I
Om47kI694Xg-00018-00004823-00005104 talked to Paul yesterday what we need to
Om47kI694Xg-00019-00005105-00005483 bring up um maybe I can share my screen
Om47kI694Xg-00020-00005484-00005693 and show some
Om47kI694Xg-00021-00005694-00006047 things here sure so
Om47kI694Xg-00022-00006048-00006299 um some of the issues that we identify
Om47kI694Xg-00023-00006300-00006484 is
Om47kI694Xg-00024-00006486-00006623 um like
Om47kI694Xg-00025-00006623-00006995 I believe we agree upon
Om47kI694Xg-00026-00006995-00007505 um Captain Meyer plot is Interactive
Om47kI694Xg-00027-00007506-00007859 um and other tables are static but
Om47kI694Xg-00028-00007859-00008195 depending on the filter
Om47kI694Xg-00029-00008196-00008549 um on the km Plus for example
Om47kI694Xg-00030-00008550-00009095 if we um remove the because they go
Om47kI694Xg-00031-00009096-00009353 um it changes the other
Om47kI694Xg-00032-00009354-00009664 table it's affecting other tables as
Om47kI694Xg-00033-00009665-00009913 well so as you can see it's impossible
Om47kI694Xg-00034-00009914-00010319 and then it's giving an error because
Om47kI694Xg-00035-00010320-00010510 it's the number of columns provided in
Om47kI694Xg-00036-00010511-00010937 header strings does not match data
Om47kI694Xg-00037-00010938-00011171 and then even if you cast your data and
Om47kI694Xg-00038-00011172-00011591 it's showing this so
Om47kI694Xg-00039-00011592-00011855 we identify that depending on the
Om47kI694Xg-00040-00011856-00012149 filtering Captain Meyer plot the result
Om47kI694Xg-00041-00012150-00012414 of other tables are changing
Om47kI694Xg-00042-00012415-00012587 so
Om47kI694Xg-00043-00012588-00012785 um maybe that
Om47kI694Xg-00044-00012786-00013121 the things to be corrected yep I will
Om47kI694Xg-00045-00013122-00013283 definitely work on correcting that thank
Om47kI694Xg-00046-00013284-00013547 you for letting me know yep sure and
Om47kI694Xg-00047-00013547-00013888 then maybe a question from here sorry I
Om47kI694Xg-00048-00013890-00014135 feel like that that may be intended for
Om47kI694Xg-00049-00014136-00014369 the to framework because like people
Om47kI694Xg-00050-00014369-00014561 oftentimes want to compare different
Om47kI694Xg-00051-00014562-00014807 like uh tables like using the same
Om47kI694Xg-00052-00014808-00015011 filter if they're looking for a specific
Om47kI694Xg-00053-00015012-00015227 step of relation I think when they
Om47kI694Xg-00054-00015228-00015449 Design This framework like like before
Om47kI694Xg-00055-00015450-00015671 like basically there is a filter at
Om47kI694Xg-00056-00015672-00015911 every table and then basically if you
Om47kI694Xg-00057-00015912-00016025 want to look at the same parts that
Om47kI694Xg-00058-00016026-00016193 population then like you don't need to
Om47kI694Xg-00059-00016194-00016505 do the click through like right but yeah
Om47kI694Xg-00060-00016506-00016691 I think in this case like if we don't
Om47kI694Xg-00061-00016692-00016955 have the the filter for the tables I
Om47kI694Xg-00062-00016956-00017153 agree I feel like this Behavior doesn't
Om47kI694Xg-00063-00017154-00017399 really make sense yeah yeah I'll have to
Om47kI694Xg-00064-00017400-00017561 see if there's an easy way to turn that
Om47kI694Xg-00065-00017562-00017789 off for the other tables because I agree
Om47kI694Xg-00066-00017790-00017957 ning that's definitely the default that
Om47kI694Xg-00067-00017958-00018203 I've seen in my experimentation so I
Om47kI694Xg-00068-00018204-00018419 have to consult the the docs so to speak
Om47kI694Xg-00069-00018420-00018625 for two and so
Om47kI694Xg-00070-00018626-00018893 let's take a step back
Om47kI694Xg-00071-00018894-00018985 um
Om47kI694Xg-00072-00018986-00019289 we disabled the interactive plots for
Om47kI694Xg-00073-00019290-00019535 almost everything as a kind of special
Om47kI694Xg-00074-00019536-00019799 request right
Om47kI694Xg-00075-00019800-00020255 or for this pilot but
Om47kI694Xg-00076-00020256-00020729 um hey Sue for if we were if if you were
Om47kI694Xg-00077-00020730-00020975 to have everything enabled would you
Om47kI694Xg-00078-00020976-00021263 would you um think there's a feature is
Om47kI694Xg-00079-00021264-00021533 it ning just um elaborated on makes
Om47kI694Xg-00080-00021534-00021707 sense is that the way you would want
Om47kI694Xg-00081-00021708-00021964 things to go
Om47kI694Xg-00082-00021965-00022343 maybe Paul can I'm in but
Om47kI694Xg-00083-00022344-00022427 um
Om47kI694Xg-00084-00022428-00022708 like as Paul mentioned we don't want to
Om47kI694Xg-00085-00022709-00023050 endorse like subgroup analysis and
Om47kI694Xg-00086-00023051-00023333 p-value are changing depending on the
Om47kI694Xg-00087-00023334-00023422 um
Om47kI694Xg-00088-00023423-00023569 like
Om47kI694Xg-00089-00023570-00023950 filtering things like that so
Om47kI694Xg-00090-00023951-00024299 all do you have any more comments that
Om47kI694Xg-00091-00024300-00024508 we
Om47kI694Xg-00092-00024509-00024772 um teal as was pointed out at the RN
Om47kI694Xg-00093-00024773-00025007 Pharma conference has some caveats
Om47kI694Xg-00094-00025008-00025319 associated with it
Om47kI694Xg-00095-00025320-00025399 um
Om47kI694Xg-00096-00025400-00025558 and
Om47kI694Xg-00097-00025559-00025799 we do need to be careful of subgroup
Om47kI694Xg-00098-00025800-00026027 analyzes
Om47kI694Xg-00099-00026027-00026327 um I think we touched on that
Om47kI694Xg-00100-00026327-00026681 uh previously we have no issue with
Om47kI694Xg-00101-00026682-00026968 pre-specified but
Om47kI694Xg-00102-00026969-00027414 um we do have concerns about
Om47kI694Xg-00103-00027416-00027874 exploratory analyzes suddenly being
Om47kI694Xg-00104-00027875-00028174 um thought of as significant in some
Om47kI694Xg-00105-00028175-00028402 sense
Om47kI694Xg-00106-00028404-00028996 foreign maybe to follow a question so if
Om47kI694Xg-00107-00028997-00029189 that's like we in the future if we have
Om47kI694Xg-00108-00029189-00029437 a shiny app where we only specific
Om47kI694Xg-00109-00029438-00029646 pre-specified we only deliver
Om47kI694Xg-00110-00029647-00029873 pre-specified analysis and there are
Om47kI694Xg-00111-00029874-00030107 maybe two graphs and then there is a
Om47kI694Xg-00112-00030108-00030274 filter on the right hand side you can
Om47kI694Xg-00113-00030275-00030527 choose ITT or a pre-device of your
Om47kI694Xg-00114-00030527-00030845 population then if in that scenario like
Om47kI694Xg-00115-00030845-00031090 would you prefer to have the filtering
Om47kI694Xg-00116-00031091-00031402 like adherent across different types or
Om47kI694Xg-00117-00031404-00031618 you would prefer to do the click through
Om47kI694Xg-00118-00031619-00032045 from pack to tab
Om47kI694Xg-00119-00032045-00032189 um
Om47kI694Xg-00120-00032189-00032435 it's hard to say
Om47kI694Xg-00121-00032436-00032705 um part of it is you know we I guess we
Om47kI694Xg-00122-00032706-00032951 need to distinguish between exploratory
Om47kI694Xg-00123-00032952-00033185 analyzes
Om47kI694Xg-00124-00033186-00033461 and
Om47kI694Xg-00125-00033462-00033779 um ones that are used for inferential
Om47kI694Xg-00126-00033780-00034085 statistics
Om47kI694Xg-00127-00034086-00034451 um the problem with exploratory analyzes
Om47kI694Xg-00128-00034452-00034865 that produce a p-value is
Om47kI694Xg-00129-00034866-00035123 there's an inherent crossing of the line
Om47kI694Xg-00130-00035124-00035417 between exploratory and inferential
Om47kI694Xg-00131-00035418-00035665 under those cases
Om47kI694Xg-00132-00035666-00036089 and that's the real concern
Om47kI694Xg-00133-00036090-00036445 um and there have been
Om47kI694Xg-00134-00036446-00036965 controversies in the recent past
Om47kI694Xg-00135-00036966-00037277 um that boiled down to
Om47kI694Xg-00136-00037278-00037727 um focusing on one subgroup in one study
Om47kI694Xg-00137-00037728-00038418 as evidence for approval
Om47kI694Xg-00138-00038419-00038587 so
Om47kI694Xg-00139-00038588-00038885 our concern is
Om47kI694Xg-00140-00038886-00039240 um
Om47kI694Xg-00141-00039241-00039599 distinguishing between exploring data
Om47kI694Xg-00142-00039600-00040061 and using it for an a dis inferential
Om47kI694Xg-00143-00040062-00040573 decision making
Om47kI694Xg-00144-00040574-00040993 well Paul if I hear you correctly
Om47kI694Xg-00145-00040994-00041152 then
Om47kI694Xg-00146-00041153-00041465 are you saying that you would never want
Om47kI694Xg-00147-00041466-00041759 an exploratory capability in something
Om47kI694Xg-00148-00041760-00042029 that goes through as a submission
Om47kI694Xg-00149-00042030-00042202 no
Om47kI694Xg-00150-00042203-00042593 I'm saying I I want nothing
Om47kI694Xg-00151-00042594-00042677 um
Om47kI694Xg-00152-00042678-00042905 big interactive exploratory that
Om47kI694Xg-00153-00042906-00043945 produces a p-value
Om47kI694Xg-00154-00043946-00044393 so if we hid all the p-values would that
Om47kI694Xg-00155-00044394-00044645 work we can add all these graphs and no
Om47kI694Xg-00156-00044646-00045011 P values
Om47kI694Xg-00157-00045012-00045221 that was our initial
Om47kI694Xg-00158-00045222-00045457 um
Om47kI694Xg-00159-00045458-00046240 response our management wanted static
Om47kI694Xg-00160-00046241-00046589 Stills and all right so I I see you're
Om47kI694Xg-00161-00046590-00046739 fighting for
Om47kI694Xg-00162-00046740-00046817 um
Om47kI694Xg-00163-00046818-00047071 some wiggle room here
Om47kI694Xg-00164-00047072-00047380 but you know I think we could just not
Om47kI694Xg-00165-00047381-00047608 produce p-values
Om47kI694Xg-00166-00047609-00047867 um anywhere and then could we have all
Om47kI694Xg-00167-00047868-00048245 the plots Interactive
Om47kI694Xg-00168-00048246-00048371 can I
Om47kI694Xg-00169-00048372-00048527 well before you answer that can I just
Om47kI694Xg-00170-00048528-00048785 add one thing to Joe's comment there
Om47kI694Xg-00171-00048786-00049024 does that mean that we also shouldn't
Om47kI694Xg-00172-00049025-00049108 have
Om47kI694Xg-00173-00049109-00049368 confidence intervals
Om47kI694Xg-00174-00049369-00049637 effectively it's the same information
Om47kI694Xg-00175-00049638-00049889 in one way or another it's not
Om47kI694Xg-00176-00049890-00050207 emotionally charged the same way that's
Om47kI694Xg-00177-00050208-00050686 true yeah I I'd say
Om47kI694Xg-00178-00050687-00050999 um there should be caveats listed
Om47kI694Xg-00179-00051000-00051118 uh
Om47kI694Xg-00180-00051119-00051473 um you know here we have the bar
Om47kI694Xg-00181-00051474-00051852 you know all this is exploratory right
Om47kI694Xg-00182-00051853-00052126 I mean
Om47kI694Xg-00183-00052127-00052499 yeah see so
Om47kI694Xg-00184-00052500-00053015 um I think everything has to be viewed
Om47kI694Xg-00185-00053016-00053579 um as exploratory from that perspective
Om47kI694Xg-00186-00053579-00053663 um
Om47kI694Xg-00187-00053664-00053957 you know a confidence interval as Joe
Om47kI694Xg-00188-00053958-00054226 was saying does not have the same you
Om47kI694Xg-00189-00054227-00054466 know essentially we're not doing a
Om47kI694Xg-00190-00054467-00054744 bonferoni or a home hochberg either on
Om47kI694Xg-00191-00054745-00055103 p-values or confidence intervals right
Om47kI694Xg-00192-00055104-00055588 but if we were to you know do this for
Om47kI694Xg-00193-00055589-00055985 an actual inferential process we would
Om47kI694Xg-00194-00055986-00056116 want
Om47kI694Xg-00195-00056117-00056963 such a thing to be considered
Om47kI694Xg-00196-00056964-00057353 well maybe another question like uh
Om47kI694Xg-00197-00057354-00057580 imagine that if it's pre-specified then
Om47kI694Xg-00198-00057582-00057869 it is okay so I'm I'm thinking in the
Om47kI694Xg-00199-00057870-00058079 scenario if like we have ITT and
Om47kI694Xg-00200-00058079-00058349 subpopulation as co-primary endpoint or
Om47kI694Xg-00201-00058350-00058666 kind of like primary and secondary M4 in
Om47kI694Xg-00202-00058667-00058888 that case set population analysis is
Om47kI694Xg-00203-00058889-00059171 kind of like a reasonable right but like
Om47kI694Xg-00204-00059172-00059429 for any undefined self-published
Om47kI694Xg-00205-00059429-00059603 subpopulation analysis that's
Om47kI694Xg-00206-00059604-00059992 questionable correct so there are
Om47kI694Xg-00207-00059994-00060461 defined subpopulation analyzes based on
Om47kI694Xg-00208-00060462-00060923 um age sex ethnicity race
Om47kI694Xg-00209-00060924-00061138 um so there's some demographic ones that
Om47kI694Xg-00210-00061139-00061330 are pretty much
Om47kI694Xg-00211-00061332-00061726 required by law
Om47kI694Xg-00212-00061727-00062003 um you'll notice in many cases they
Om47kI694Xg-00213-00062004-00062315 might do even confidence intervals but
Om47kI694Xg-00214-00062316-00062771 they won't produce p values and
Om47kI694Xg-00215-00062772-00063149 um what we see as part of a submission
Om47kI694Xg-00216-00063150-00063311 yeah
Om47kI694Xg-00217-00063312-00063916 um the issue is that trying to say we'll
Om47kI694Xg-00218-00063917-00064235 do a subgroup analysis
Om47kI694Xg-00219-00064236-00064565 um essentially it's
Om47kI694Xg-00220-00064566-00064966 can be a form of P hacking
Om47kI694Xg-00221-00064967-00065230 um and there's a great deal of
Om47kI694Xg-00222-00065232-00065497 sensitivity to that
Om47kI694Xg-00223-00065498-00065881 within our group currently yeah
Om47kI694Xg-00224-00065882-00066263 so I guess to move forward like my take
Om47kI694Xg-00225-00066264-00066538 is that like for this particular like a
Om47kI694Xg-00226-00066539-00066779 submission I think that like a like a
Om47kI694Xg-00227-00066780-00067025 like if Eric can figure out like how to
Om47kI694Xg-00228-00067026-00067235 like uh break the dependencies between
Om47kI694Xg-00229-00067236-00067432 different tasks I think like it should
Om47kI694Xg-00230-00067433-00067667 be good for us but for the future if we
Om47kI694Xg-00231-00067668-00067853 want to further explore like the
Om47kI694Xg-00232-00067854-00068159 usability of interactive tools then you
Om47kI694Xg-00233-00068160-00068344 will be safe or you will bring less
Om47kI694Xg-00234-00068345-00068632 controversial if we like uh limit it
Om47kI694Xg-00235-00068633-00068903 into pre-specified like sub-population
Om47kI694Xg-00236-00068904-00069059 analysis if we want to have some
Om47kI694Xg-00237-00069060-00069359 interactivities over there it depends on
Om47kI694Xg-00238-00069360-00069791 how you bundle it
Om47kI694Xg-00239-00069792-00070331 um
Om47kI694Xg-00240-00070332-00070649 so I I'm thinking of the
Om47kI694Xg-00241-00070650-00070823 um
Om47kI694Xg-00242-00070824-00071135 lying from Spider-Man with great power
Om47kI694Xg-00243-00071136-00071693 comes great responsibility
Om47kI694Xg-00244-00071694-00071987 um and that's a concern
Om47kI694Xg-00245-00071988-00072305 you know when we have powerful tools we
Om47kI694Xg-00246-00072306-00072629 have to
Om47kI694Xg-00247-00072630-00072850 Endeavor to ensure that they're used
Om47kI694Xg-00248-00072851-00073147 appropriately
Om47kI694Xg-00249-00073148-00073399 nope okay
Om47kI694Xg-00250-00073400-00073750 I'm gone I don't think so
Om47kI694Xg-00251-00073751-00073991 um looking at this sort of exploration
Om47kI694Xg-00252-00073992-00074261 analysis I don't consider any Subway
Om47kI694Xg-00253-00074262-00074549 pronounces by age race thing and all
Om47kI694Xg-00254-00074550-00074741 those have been specified
Om47kI694Xg-00255-00074742-00075076 in the sap as being exploratory they
Om47kI694Xg-00256-00075077-00075256 were looking beyond that so they are in
Om47kI694Xg-00257-00075257-00075479 the set I guess it's less concerned
Om47kI694Xg-00258-00075480-00075731 about producing confidence intervals or
Om47kI694Xg-00259-00075732-00075994 perhaps even P values if you say Paul
Om47kI694Xg-00260-00075995-00076229 often they're not presented
Om47kI694Xg-00261-00076230-00076444 um with those separate analysis
Om47kI694Xg-00262-00076445-00076600 but the issue here is that if you go
Om47kI694Xg-00263-00076601-00076925 beyond what the sep States
Om47kI694Xg-00264-00076926-00077182 them isn't that what this application
Om47kI694Xg-00265-00077183-00077449 should be dealing with
Om47kI694Xg-00266-00077450-00077806 for one one principle is now we'll
Om47kI694Xg-00267-00077807-00077993 change that so say that you don't end up
Om47kI694Xg-00268-00077994-00078149 with conflicting results or different
Om47kI694Xg-00269-00078150-00078412 results from what you submit in the main
Om47kI694Xg-00270-00078413-00078643 dossier
Om47kI694Xg-00271-00078644-00079019 I'm not sure I entirely parsed what you
Om47kI694Xg-00272-00079020-00079397 were saying so you're proposing if I
Om47kI694Xg-00273-00079398-00079799 understand you correctly to
Om47kI694Xg-00274-00079800-00080287 say that if it's done on the basis of
Om47kI694Xg-00275-00080288-00080549 demographic information
Om47kI694Xg-00276-00080550-00080788 that should be okay
Om47kI694Xg-00277-00080789-00080950 but
Om47kI694Xg-00278-00080951-00081238 um
Om47kI694Xg-00279-00081239-00081599 if it's done on the basis of
Om47kI694Xg-00280-00081600-00081875 other information
Om47kI694Xg-00281-00081876-00082085 that might not
Om47kI694Xg-00282-00082086-00082331 that would be a different sort of issue
Om47kI694Xg-00283-00082332-00082493 that would have to be discussed and
Om47kI694Xg-00284-00082494-00082638 resolved
Om47kI694Xg-00285-00082639-00083003 I think I'm going to think about
Om47kI694Xg-00286-00083004-00083321 um the demographic analysis is part of
Om47kI694Xg-00287-00083322-00083567 the steps and my distinction is has it
Om47kI694Xg-00288-00083568-00083855 been has it been pre-specified in the
Om47kI694Xg-00289-00083856-00084071 set perhaps approach core as well
Om47kI694Xg-00290-00084072-00084335 or not if it hasn't then for me that
Om47kI694Xg-00291-00084336-00084611 sort of branches out into exploratory
Om47kI694Xg-00292-00084612-00084923 okay what's not being specified I'm
Om47kI694Xg-00293-00084924-00085126 assuming is what we intend this
Om47kI694Xg-00294-00085127-00085421 application to deal with
Om47kI694Xg-00295-00085422-00085685 um
Om47kI694Xg-00296-00085686-00086044 not entirely sure I think
Om47kI694Xg-00297-00086045-00086338 you know if it's pre-specified in the
Om47kI694Xg-00298-00086339-00086609 statistical analysis plant
Om47kI694Xg-00299-00086610-00086747 um
Om47kI694Xg-00300-00086748-00086999 we have no objections or at least I have
Om47kI694Xg-00301-00087000-00087382 no objections but
Om47kI694Xg-00302-00087383-00087605 um on a positive note Eric we have
Om47kI694Xg-00303-00087606-00087875 already fixed the problem
Om47kI694Xg-00304-00087876-00088061 so
Om47kI694Xg-00305-00088062-00088294 um my suggestion is
Om47kI694Xg-00306-00088295-00088631 um if that's the case to do we can
Om47kI694Xg-00307-00088632-00088900 declare Victory and move on
Om47kI694Xg-00308-00088901-00089075 um yeah it turned out there was an extra
Om47kI694Xg-00309-00089076-00089362 parameter that I had not changed from
Om47kI694Xg-00310-00089363-00089585 the default in the rest of the modules
Om47kI694Xg-00311-00089586-00089873 that I'm running through my battery a
Om47kI694Xg-00312-00089874-00090143 test now but it seems to solved it so um
Om47kI694Xg-00313-00090144-00090406 yeah at least for this case we can we
Om47kI694Xg-00314-00090407-00090623 have a path forward but I think the
Om47kI694Xg-00315-00090624-00090737 discussion has certainly been
Om47kI694Xg-00316-00090738-00090887 enlightening for the future because I
Om47kI694Xg-00317-00090888-00091156 think this this particular topic is
Om47kI694Xg-00318-00091157-00091387 arguably one of the
Om47kI694Xg-00319-00091388-00091673 largest I should say one of the most
Om47kI694Xg-00320-00091674-00091823 important things we should think about
Om47kI694Xg-00321-00091824-00092029 going forward for the feasibility of
Om47kI694Xg-00322-00092030-00092267 interactive applications in general ever
Om47kI694Xg-00323-00092268-00092476 shiny or not and how they fit into a
Om47kI694Xg-00324-00092477-00092717 submission process so I think it's good
Om47kI694Xg-00325-00092718-00092855 we're going through it I'm just yeah
Om47kI694Xg-00326-00092856-00093088 luckily the solution wasn't quite as
Om47kI694Xg-00327-00093089-00093215 difficult as I thought it was going to
Om47kI694Xg-00328-00093216-00093276 be
Om47kI694Xg-00329-00093277-00093497 yes so
Om47kI694Xg-00330-00093498-00093862 um if we can go forward with that
Om47kI694Xg-00331-00093863-00094367 um I would prefer if possible to defer
Om47kI694Xg-00332-00094368-00094817 um a complete resolution
Om47kI694Xg-00333-00094818-00094956 um
Om47kI694Xg-00334-00094957-00095447 of the broader issue uh what should be
Om47kI694Xg-00335-00095448-00095662 interactive and what shouldn't
Om47kI694Xg-00336-00095663-00095962 um my feeling is that anytime we do
Om47kI694Xg-00337-00095963-00096167 inferential statistics it needs to be
Om47kI694Xg-00338-00096168-00096455 pre-specified
Om47kI694Xg-00339-00096456-00096665 well let me poke at this a little bit
Om47kI694Xg-00340-00096666-00096875 because I think we're we're what we're
Om47kI694Xg-00341-00096876-00097168 bumping up against are the internal
Om47kI694Xg-00342-00097169-00097450 procedures of the FDA
Om47kI694Xg-00343-00097451-00097715 so for example
Om47kI694Xg-00344-00097716-00098123 if we did not submit a shiny app
Om47kI694Xg-00345-00098124-00098617 but your analysts happen to have shiny
Om47kI694Xg-00346-00098618-00098981 on the workstation than than anybody
Om47kI694Xg-00347-00098982-00099256 could load it in and do inferential
Om47kI694Xg-00348-00099257-00099418 analysis
Om47kI694Xg-00349-00099419-00099731 you know independent of of the
Om47kI694Xg-00350-00099732-00099971 convenience say of us submitting the
Om47kI694Xg-00351-00099972-00100300 shiny you know having the app in the
Om47kI694Xg-00352-00100301-00100403 submission
Om47kI694Xg-00353-00100404-00100732 so it seems to me you're saying that
Om47kI694Xg-00354-00100733-00100997 um you know these intentions are whether
Om47kI694Xg-00355-00100998-00101135 you're going to do an inferential
Om47kI694Xg-00356-00101136-00101512 analysis or exploratory is part of the
Om47kI694Xg-00357-00101513-00101759 intention of the analyst
Om47kI694Xg-00358-00101760-00102059 and it seems to me you're saying these
Om47kI694Xg-00359-00102060-00102299 and when you have one intention and when
Om47kI694Xg-00360-00102300-00102508 you have another intention are somewhat
Om47kI694Xg-00361-00102509-00102851 codified within the FDA
Om47kI694Xg-00362-00102852-00103258 um I would even defer to the ASA
Om47kI694Xg-00363-00103259-00103603 statement on or special edition
Om47kI694Xg-00364-00103604-00104218 of the American statistician on p-values
Om47kI694Xg-00365-00104219-00104599 um I mean there's extensive discussion
Om47kI694Xg-00366-00104600-00105010 of various circumstances
Om47kI694Xg-00367-00105011-00105097 um
Om47kI694Xg-00368-00105098-00105610 what we don't want to somehow seen as
Om47kI694Xg-00369-00105611-00106066 endorsing is a common prac semi-common
Om47kI694Xg-00370-00106067-00106313 practice in certain groups of quote
Om47kI694Xg-00371-00106314-00106654 unquote rescuing AIDS
Om47kI694Xg-00372-00106655-00106933 I would again use the word air quotes
Om47kI694Xg-00373-00106933-00107333 failed clinical trial by torturing the
Om47kI694Xg-00374-00107333-00107615 poor data yeah
Om47kI694Xg-00375-00107616-00108016 um so we want to avoid that issue
Om47kI694Xg-00376-00108017-00108184 altogether
Om47kI694Xg-00377-00108185-00108533 um to some extent one sees one can see
Om47kI694Xg-00378-00108533-00109025 that even now with tools such as jump
Om47kI694Xg-00379-00109026-00109258 um that clinicians and others can use
Om47kI694Xg-00380-00109259-00109577 that are interactive but
Om47kI694Xg-00381-00109578-00109954 do not produce a fully open and
Om47kI694Xg-00382-00109955-00110143 transparent
Om47kI694Xg-00383-00110144-00110669 analysis Trail
Om47kI694Xg-00384-00110670-00111047 um in when I was a reviewer and I had to
Om47kI694Xg-00385-00111048-00111340 deal with clinicians who said I have
Om47kI694Xg-00386-00111341-00111719 this result in jump and I said well okay
Om47kI694Xg-00387-00111720-00111973 you know did you enable some sort of
Om47kI694Xg-00388-00111974-00112415 diary or ability to
Om47kI694Xg-00389-00112416-00112499 um
Om47kI694Xg-00390-00112500-00112757 replicate your results usually the
Om47kI694Xg-00391-00112758-00112883 answer is no
Om47kI694Xg-00392-00112883-00113069 and then we have to say you're planning
Om47kI694Xg-00393-00113070-00113273 to submit this to the Journal of Erie
Om47kI694Xg-00394-00113274-00113716 producible results right
Om47kI694Xg-00395-00113717-00113819 um
Om47kI694Xg-00396-00113820-00114078 so that's the problem
Om47kI694Xg-00397-00114079-00114443 with any interactive tool
Om47kI694Xg-00398-00114444-00114628 um we want it to be open we want it to
Om47kI694Xg-00399-00114629-00115108 be transparent and we want it to be
Om47kI694Xg-00400-00115109-00115390 reproducible
Om47kI694Xg-00401-00115391-00115793 um beyond that we also want the tool
Om47kI694Xg-00402-00115794-00116086 interactive tools that we use to be
Om47kI694Xg-00403-00116088-00116416 consistent with good
Om47kI694Xg-00404-00116417-00116947 um statistical practices
Om47kI694Xg-00405-00116948-00117358 and I would argue that an interactive
Om47kI694Xg-00406-00117359-00117749 tool that produces p-values on demand
Om47kI694Xg-00407-00117750-00118157 is not consistent with the ASA statement
Om47kI694Xg-00408-00118158-00118828 regarding p-values
Om47kI694Xg-00409-00118829-00119086 I mean there are some diversion opinions
Om47kI694Xg-00410-00119088-00119434 to that as well but yeah let's hold that
Om47kI694Xg-00411-00119435-00119615 thought again so
Om47kI694Xg-00412-00119616-00119716 um
Om47kI694Xg-00413-00119717-00120065 so what you're saying Paul first off is
Om47kI694Xg-00414-00120066-00120347 that the ASA is pretty good foundation
Om47kI694Xg-00415-00120348-00120736 for us to reason about
Om47kI694Xg-00416-00120738-00120947 um what might be
Om47kI694Xg-00417-00120948-00121216 consistent with FDA practices so that's
Om47kI694Xg-00418-00121217-00121477 a that's a good foundation to start with
Om47kI694Xg-00419-00121478-00121769 enjoy that yes yes
Om47kI694Xg-00420-00121770-00122039 um considering that
Om47kI694Xg-00421-00122040-00122339 our office's deputy director is the
Om47kI694Xg-00422-00122340-00122669 current ASA president
Om47kI694Xg-00423-00122670-00123058 um and a past president has been
Om47kI694Xg-00424-00123059-00123373 uh listen who
Om47kI694Xg-00425-00123374-00123749 was my supervisor at one stage
Om47kI694Xg-00426-00123750-00124019 and I think it was under her uh tenure
Om47kI694Xg-00427-00124020-00124145 that the
Om47kI694Xg-00428-00124146-00124463 statement on p-values came out and there
Om47kI694Xg-00429-00124464-00124721 there's not a there's there's room for
Om47kI694Xg-00430-00124722-00125063 discussion and interpretation within
Om47kI694Xg-00431-00125064-00125278 that but
Om47kI694Xg-00432-00125279-00125608 um one of the issues that that attempts
Om47kI694Xg-00433-00125609-00125819 to partially address is the so-called
Om47kI694Xg-00434-00125820-00126358 crisis of reproducible research
Om47kI694Xg-00435-00126359-00126616 um most no
Om47kI694Xg-00436-00126617-00126851 there have been various papers that have
Om47kI694Xg-00437-00126852-00127133 said some proportion of published
Om47kI694Xg-00438-00127133-00127421 research is essentially irreproducible
Om47kI694Xg-00439-00127422-00127769 yes it is an industry problem let me
Om47kI694Xg-00440-00127770-00127943 explore a little bit more
Om47kI694Xg-00441-00127944-00128260 um suppose though didn't this um
Om47kI694Xg-00442-00128261-00128590 like a fantasy here but suppose that
Om47kI694Xg-00443-00128591-00128860 every time you went through a pass
Om47kI694Xg-00444-00128861-00129202 of exploratory analysis in shiny it
Om47kI694Xg-00445-00129203-00129407 generated code
Om47kI694Xg-00446-00129408-00129781 to reproduce that now theoretically
Om47kI694Xg-00447-00129782-00130097 that would be you know you would have
Om47kI694Xg-00448-00130098-00130343 these reproducible paths it would be
Om47kI694Xg-00449-00130344-00130601 maybe impossible to use
Om47kI694Xg-00450-00130602-00130757 um
Om47kI694Xg-00451-00130758-00131039 you would have that ability isn't that
Om47kI694Xg-00452-00131040-00131339 baked into uh
Om47kI694Xg-00453-00131340-00131614 uh Joe Chang's
Om47kI694Xg-00454-00131615-00131833 um our
Om47kI694Xg-00455-00131834-00132233 shiny shiny meta yeah right we've been
Om47kI694Xg-00456-00132234-00132511 thinking about that a lot in our company
Om47kI694Xg-00457-00132512-00132833 our you may recall
Om47kI694Xg-00458-00132834-00133102 um when we were discussing this earlier
Om47kI694Xg-00459-00133103-00133385 um I actually
Om47kI694Xg-00460-00133386-00133609 um
Om47kI694Xg-00461-00133610-00133978 suggested that as a potential
Om47kI694Xg-00462-00133979-00134759 approach that ideally could be utilized
Om47kI694Xg-00463-00134760-00134975 would you say we should explore that in
Om47kI694Xg-00464-00134976-00135209 the future piotas incorporating shiny I
Om47kI694Xg-00465-00135210-00135454 think that would be a great idea but
Om47kI694Xg-00466-00135455-00135604 that's me
Om47kI694Xg-00467-00135605-00135839 I mean that that is an opinion for of
Om47kI694Xg-00468-00135840-00136085 Paul not the voice of FDA right right
Om47kI694Xg-00469-00136086-00136354 well I think we all can agree being able
Om47kI694Xg-00470-00136355-00136631 to take what an Insight that either a
Om47kI694Xg-00471-00136632-00136840 reviewer or even frankly for those of us
Om47kI694Xg-00472-00136841-00137081 on the sponsor side generate with a
Om47kI694Xg-00473-00137082-00137237 powerful tool like this and be able to
Om47kI694Xg-00474-00137238-00137525 get a reproducible script uh run that
Om47kI694Xg-00475-00137526-00137795 that same interaction but in code I
Om47kI694Xg-00476-00137796-00137939 think we all agree that's hugely
Om47kI694Xg-00477-00137940-00138149 important like I would definitely
Om47kI694Xg-00478-00138150-00138281 encourage that
Om47kI694Xg-00479-00138282-00138587 I I would hope that every tool has such
Om47kI694Xg-00480-00138588-00138964 a capacity me too now I will say and I
Om47kI694Xg-00481-00138965-00139061 don't want to get off in too much
Om47kI694Xg-00482-00139062-00139211 tangents I'm sure we have a lot more to
Om47kI694Xg-00483-00139212-00139493 talk about but shiny meta
Om47kI694Xg-00484-00139494-00139769 is the most promising part in this space
Om47kI694Xg-00485-00139770-00139973 but it's also one of the more difficult
Om47kI694Xg-00486-00139974-00140237 from a developer perspective to kind of
Om47kI694Xg-00487-00140238-00140489 shift and existing existing app to use
Om47kI694Xg-00488-00140490-00140740 it I'm hopeful it gets easier to use but
Om47kI694Xg-00489-00140741-00140890 I've definitely been talking to the
Om47kI694Xg-00490-00140891-00141125 shiny team about its potential and maybe
Om47kI694Xg-00491-00141126-00141473 hopefully uh improving it
Om47kI694Xg-00492-00141474-00141659 I
Om47kI694Xg-00493-00141660-00141851 there's kind of
Om47kI694Xg-00494-00141852-00142169 um and we're dealing with this on our
Om47kI694Xg-00495-00142170-00142439 internal groups
Om47kI694Xg-00496-00142440-00142954 um It's relatively easy to design a pro
Om47kI694Xg-00497-00142955-00143352 prototype shiny
Om47kI694Xg-00498-00143353-00143801 tap for for many purposes I mean that
Om47kI694Xg-00499-00143802-00144323 yes even basic ones can involve a little
Om47kI694Xg-00500-00144324-00144443 bit of
Om47kI694Xg-00501-00144444-00144533 um
Om47kI694Xg-00502-00144534-00144778 shall we say Anglo-Saxon terminology
Om47kI694Xg-00503-00144779-00145104 during the coding phase
Om47kI694Xg-00504-00145105-00145390 but I think one of the key things is
Om47kI694Xg-00505-00145391-00145816 that shiny makes it a lot easier and has
Om47kI694Xg-00506-00145817-00146051 um more accessible to a much broader
Om47kI694Xg-00507-00146052-00146345 groups to develop apps and dashboards
Om47kI694Xg-00508-00146346-00146578 and the like
Om47kI694Xg-00509-00146579-00146921 um moving into production I think is a
Om47kI694Xg-00510-00146922-00147287 greater challenge absolutely and having
Om47kI694Xg-00511-00147288-00147683 something that is going from prototype
Om47kI694Xg-00512-00147684-00147887 to production
Om47kI694Xg-00513-00147888-00147964 um
Om47kI694Xg-00514-00147965-00148157 I think there's even a book out there on
Om47kI694Xg-00515-00148158-00148235 that
Om47kI694Xg-00516-00148236-00148469 yeah
Om47kI694Xg-00517-00148470-00148716 our workshops as well perhaps yes yes
Om47kI694Xg-00518-00148717-00149009 workshops and books and you know that's
Om47kI694Xg-00519-00149010-00149411 that's a major issue and in some ways
Om47kI694Xg-00520-00149412-00149578 um
Om47kI694Xg-00521-00149579-00149873 part of that reactive programming and
Om47kI694Xg-00522-00149874-00150347 all of that is I see that as part
Om47kI694Xg-00523-00150348-00150587 correct me if I'm wrong Eric you're much
Om47kI694Xg-00524-00150588-00150851 more knowledgeable than I am but
Om47kI694Xg-00525-00150852-00151259 um I see that as part of the entire one
Om47kI694Xg-00526-00151260-00151469 entire challenge
Om47kI694Xg-00527-00151470-00151751 oh yeah I'm full agreement of that
Om47kI694Xg-00528-00151752-00152051 um and there's a lot I can say about
Om47kI694Xg-00529-00152052-00152225 that space But yeah there are definitely
Om47kI694Xg-00530-00152226-00152459 some venues I hope to spread my opinions
Om47kI694Xg-00531-00152460-00152723 across as and go forward this year yep
Om47kI694Xg-00532-00152724-00152873 so
Om47kI694Xg-00533-00152874-00153259 um yeah so I I would argue that
Om47kI694Xg-00534-00153260-00153659 particularly for various analyzes if
Om47kI694Xg-00535-00153660-00154069 they will be potentially used for
Om47kI694Xg-00536-00154070-00154745 regulatory decision making it would be
Om47kI694Xg-00537-00154746-00155231 I would say Central that have some sort
Om47kI694Xg-00538-00155232-00155837 of openness and transparency capability
Om47kI694Xg-00539-00155838-00156114 a shiny meta is definitely One path
Om47kI694Xg-00540-00156115-00156485 there could be others yeah and uh thanks
Om47kI694Xg-00541-00156486-00156676 to Sam in the chat for I think
Om47kI694Xg-00542-00156677-00156923 referencing when a Teal's potential
Om47kI694Xg-00543-00156924-00157102 solutions to this so I'm not familiar
Om47kI694Xg-00544-00157103-00157373 with qn for however you'd like to
Om47kI694Xg-00545-00157374-00157528 pronounce this I'd like to learn more
Om47kI694Xg-00546-00157529-00157739 about that I don't know if ninger offers
Om47kI694Xg-00547-00157740-00158333 could share I feel like there have been
Om47kI694Xg-00548-00158334-00158537 the latest release maybe we can like
Om47kI694Xg-00549-00158538-00158699 take a look after I think directly yeah
Om47kI694Xg-00550-00158700-00159040 okay all right we're running out of time
Om47kI694Xg-00551-00159041-00159437 so Jesu um yeah we can we can move on to
Om47kI694Xg-00552-00159438-00159569 the yeah
Om47kI694Xg-00553-00159570-00159713 next one
Om47kI694Xg-00554-00159714-00160007 um and then the
Om47kI694Xg-00555-00160008-00160433 warning message so I keep I got I found
Om47kI694Xg-00556-00160434-00160726 a constant warning message which is this
Om47kI694Xg-00557-00160727-00160840 one
Om47kI694Xg-00558-00160841-00161159 um I can still run VR Chinese with this
Om47kI694Xg-00559-00161160-00161597 warning message below here of uh we
Om47kI694Xg-00560-00161598-00162047 recommend using Tran or more cure
Om47kI694Xg-00561-00162048-00162311 curated repository for searching
Om47kI694Xg-00562-00162312-00162593 packages rather than like I don't know
Om47kI694Xg-00563-00162594-00162826 what this is but yeah I believe that's
Om47kI694Xg-00564-00162827-00163085 for Teo specifically
Om47kI694Xg-00565-00163086-00163289 um now to defer the Ning I think that
Om47kI694Xg-00566-00163290-00163487 was the installation instructions that I
Om47kI694Xg-00567-00163488-00163678 use from the GitHub repos to use that
Om47kI694Xg-00568-00163679-00164002 specific one for that
Om47kI694Xg-00569-00164003-00164321 yeah and I think that team are also sent
Om47kI694Xg-00570-00164322-00164585 in in the process of sending the package
Om47kI694Xg-00571-00164586-00164764 to Chrome but let me double check yeah
Om47kI694Xg-00572-00164765-00164933 if it sounds required in the future it
Om47kI694Xg-00573-00164934-00165166 should be easier I think yeah yeah that
Om47kI694Xg-00574-00165167-00165389 would be great if it's on there yeah
Om47kI694Xg-00575-00165390-00165749 our security folks are starting to make
Om47kI694Xg-00576-00165750-00165995 noises that they're going to crack down
Om47kI694Xg-00577-00165996-00166187 on
Om47kI694Xg-00578-00166188-00166393 packages
Om47kI694Xg-00579-00166394-00166864 and we've been arguing that crayon is
Om47kI694Xg-00580-00166865-00167273 curated it's gone through the
Om47kI694Xg-00581-00167274-00167381 um
Om47kI694Xg-00582-00167382-00167669 checks for malware Etc
Om47kI694Xg-00583-00167670-00167914 so that we should not
Om47kI694Xg-00584-00167915-00168364 be worried about crayon installations
Om47kI694Xg-00585-00168365-00168683 um and we can even
Om47kI694Xg-00586-00168684-00169031 list an oak ridge site as one of the
Om47kI694Xg-00587-00169032-00169361 mirrors for example that
Om47kI694Xg-00588-00169362-00169751 we one would want to use
Om47kI694Xg-00589-00169752-00170039 um we're not saying cran is the only
Om47kI694Xg-00590-00170040-00170273 option since we have other discussions
Om47kI694Xg-00591-00170274-00170628 but you know some sort of curated
Om47kI694Xg-00592-00170629-00170981 maintained updated
Om47kI694Xg-00593-00170982-00171221 um Gary you know at least some guarantee
Om47kI694Xg-00594-00171222-00171521 that it's been checked for a malware and
Om47kI694Xg-00595-00171522-00171754 other types of things would be
Om47kI694Xg-00596-00171755-00171971 appropriate
Om47kI694Xg-00597-00171972-00172271 um right we have a the whole um our
Om47kI694Xg-00598-00172272-00172607 validation Hub is looking into standing
Om47kI694Xg-00599-00172608-00172769 up a repo for
Om47kI694Xg-00600-00172770-00172997 precisely doing submissions and this
Om47kI694Xg-00601-00172998-00173135 kind of thing
Om47kI694Xg-00602-00173136-00173447 so yeah that's part of the reason why we
Om47kI694Xg-00603-00173448-00173681 were trying to say come up with the idea
Om47kI694Xg-00604-00173682-00174131 of curated yes
Om47kI694Xg-00605-00174132-00174461 um
Om47kI694Xg-00606-00174462-00174707 so I think if we can
Om47kI694Xg-00607-00174708-00175043 include those sorts of dependencies that
Om47kI694Xg-00608-00175044-00175289 in the long term that's something that
Om47kI694Xg-00609-00175290-00175631 would help us with our security
Om47kI694Xg-00610-00175632-00175931 obligations
Om47kI694Xg-00611-00175932-00176071 great
Om47kI694Xg-00612-00176072-00176387 and next point is uh
Om47kI694Xg-00613-00176388-00176766 um so it says her
Om47kI694Xg-00614-00176767-00177143 filters can be conflicting I guess so
Om47kI694Xg-00615-00177144-00177521 there are two ads two data set ADSL and
Om47kI694Xg-00616-00177522-00177947 adtt data set and there are multiple
Om47kI694Xg-00617-00177948-00178309 treatment variables like trt 01p
Om47kI694Xg-00618-00178310-00178804 tr201a and here or so multiple I mean
Om47kI694Xg-00619-00178805-00179188 several different variables and I was
Om47kI694Xg-00620-00179189-00179423 just playing around with this filter and
Om47kI694Xg-00621-00179424-00179681 like if I
Om47kI694Xg-00622-00179682-00180028 is to filter from two different data set
Om47kI694Xg-00623-00180029-00180233 and like
Om47kI694Xg-00624-00180234-00180563 if I exclude the possible but I can
Om47kI694Xg-00625-00180564-00180666 still
Om47kI694Xg-00626-00180667-00180959 include Festival here
Om47kI694Xg-00627-00180960-00181325 and if I exclude the hide those things
Om47kI694Xg-00628-00181326-00181643 like it giving us an error
Om47kI694Xg-00629-00181644-00181943 so the user we're gonna know
Om47kI694Xg-00630-00181944-00182237 um is giving an error and something was
Om47kI694Xg-00631-00182238-00182521 wrong but maybe it might be
Om47kI694Xg-00632-00182522-00182875 good to provide
Om47kI694Xg-00633-00182876-00183383 like a way to deal with this errors like
Om47kI694Xg-00634-00183384-00183545 for example
Om47kI694Xg-00635-00183546-00183869 if you exclude a plus table or giving us
Om47kI694Xg-00636-00183870-00184138 the an error like
Om47kI694Xg-00637-00184139-00184361 it has to be
Om47kI694Xg-00638-00184362-00184637 like the treatment filter should be
Om47kI694Xg-00639-00184638-00185014 consistent across tables something like
Om47kI694Xg-00640-00185015-00185123 that were
Om47kI694Xg-00641-00185124-00185375 a warning message instead of just an
Om47kI694Xg-00642-00185376-00185602 error message yeah yeah I mean that
Om47kI694Xg-00643-00185603-00185788 that's the easier fix from my
Om47kI694Xg-00644-00185789-00186095 perspective instead of the cryptic error
Om47kI694Xg-00645-00186096-00186347 message that we we say there could be an
Om47kI694Xg-00646-00186348-00186575 issue of your applied filters
Om47kI694Xg-00647-00186576-00186809 um or something to that effect I'd have
Om47kI694Xg-00648-00186810-00187061 to double check within to itself when
Om47kI694Xg-00649-00187062-00187313 you have multiple data sets filtered
Om47kI694Xg-00650-00187314-00187540 what are the possible linkages between
Om47kI694Xg-00651-00187541-00187840 the two if there's any additional help I
Om47kI694Xg-00652-00187841-00188104 can I can Surface from that I'm not sure
Om47kI694Xg-00653-00188105-00188326 but I will definitely research it
Om47kI694Xg-00654-00188327-00188866 yeah or or is there
Om47kI694Xg-00655-00188867-00189066 a condition
Om47kI694Xg-00656-00189067-00189499 exclude the placebo there is no way to
Om47kI694Xg-00657-00189500-00189857 include flexible in other treatment
Om47kI694Xg-00658-00189858-00190145 variables something like
Om47kI694Xg-00659-00190146-00190247 um
Om47kI694Xg-00660-00190248-00190451 something like that yeah I'll have to
Om47kI694Xg-00661-00190452-00190666 play with it a bit myself to see but
Om47kI694Xg-00662-00190667-00190852 certainly if if ning or others if you
Om47kI694Xg-00663-00190853-00191164 know of a solution offhand I'd love to
Om47kI694Xg-00664-00191165-00191309 hear it
Om47kI694Xg-00665-00191310-00191452 yeah
Om47kI694Xg-00666-00191453-00191764 so here these are one of their message
Om47kI694Xg-00667-00191765-00191957 when we yeah
Om47kI694Xg-00668-00191958-00192209 um two different like conflicting
Om47kI694Xg-00669-00192210-00192347 filters
Om47kI694Xg-00670-00192348-00192671 so other thing is that um
Om47kI694Xg-00671-00192672-00192976 Paul and I talk about maybe providing a
Om47kI694Xg-00672-00192977-00193264 readme file might be useful for the user
Om47kI694Xg-00673-00193265-00193445 or the reviewer
Om47kI694Xg-00674-00193446-00193576 because
Om47kI694Xg-00675-00193577-00193793 um like messed up the whole potential
Om47kI694Xg-00676-00193794-00194123 error messages like how you
Om47kI694Xg-00677-00194124-00194537 like noted here like
Om47kI694Xg-00678-00194538-00194914 so there when you run this code you can
Om47kI694Xg-00679-00194915-00195149 get the error message but
Om47kI694Xg-00680-00195150-00195371 it's not gonna
Om47kI694Xg-00681-00195372-00195587 like it's not gonna prevent you from
Om47kI694Xg-00682-00195588-00195809 running the ishiness
Om47kI694Xg-00683-00195810-00195971 so
Om47kI694Xg-00684-00195972-00196361 maybe providing a readme file that shows
Om47kI694Xg-00685-00196362-00196588 all the potential error message or all
Om47kI694Xg-00686-00196589-00197026 the guidance like what you need to do
Om47kI694Xg-00687-00197027-00197171 um to run the
Om47kI694Xg-00688-00197172-00197566 uh prop properly would you prefer that
Om47kI694Xg-00689-00197567-00197926 being in this existing adrg or like in
Om47kI694Xg-00690-00197927-00198119 the app itself we have that you might
Om47kI694Xg-00691-00198120-00198401 call welcome our home page before you
Om47kI694Xg-00692-00198402-00198628 get to the actual modules would you like
Om47kI694Xg-00693-00198629-00198863 something in that or a combination of
Om47kI694Xg-00694-00198864-00199114 the two
Om47kI694Xg-00695-00199115-00199475 and it doesn't really matter how I
Om47kI694Xg-00696-00199476-00199721 present it yeah in some ways it might be
Om47kI694Xg-00697-00199722-00199931 good to replicate some of that
Om47kI694Xg-00698-00199932-00200164 information in the app
Om47kI694Xg-00699-00200165-00200375 just because
Om47kI694Xg-00700-00200376-00200663 um access to the adrg
Om47kI694Xg-00701-00200664-00200752 um
Om47kI694Xg-00702-00200753-00201083 you know having the app be kind of
Om47kI694Xg-00703-00201084-00201202 standalone
Om47kI694Xg-00704-00201203-00201376 sure
Om47kI694Xg-00705-00201377-00201725 um would be ideal
Om47kI694Xg-00706-00201726-00201845 um if that
Om47kI694Xg-00707-00201846-00202199 is also decided to be replicated in the
Om47kI694Xg-00708-00202200-00202402 adrg
Om47kI694Xg-00709-00202403-00202637 um I don't think it's we have objections
Om47kI694Xg-00710-00202638-00202804 to that
Om47kI694Xg-00711-00202805-00203014 okay my initial thinking is they're
Om47kI694Xg-00712-00203015-00203225 gonna have a separate tab called usage
Om47kI694Xg-00713-00203226-00203459 guide or something to that effect in the
Om47kI694Xg-00714-00203460-00203638 app itself and that should hopefully
Om47kI694Xg-00715-00203639-00203999 take care of it for the most part okay
Om47kI694Xg-00716-00204000-00204366 does that satisfy your concern Jesus
Om47kI694Xg-00717-00204367-00204707 yeah yeah okay okay
Om47kI694Xg-00718-00204708-00205001 so I think that's all
Om47kI694Xg-00719-00205002-00205277 all for
Om47kI694Xg-00720-00205278-00205582 so far yeah that's all the issues that I
Om47kI694Xg-00721-00205583-00205727 identified
Om47kI694Xg-00722-00205728-00205990 other than that oh it seems good but I
Om47kI694Xg-00723-00205991-00206146 have to
Om47kI694Xg-00724-00206148-00206314 um
Om47kI694Xg-00725-00206315-00206669 I have to explore more I guess
Om47kI694Xg-00726-00206669-00206938 um so those are the potential issues
Om47kI694Xg-00727-00206939-00207244 that be identified
Om47kI694Xg-00728-00207246-00207466 thank you okay so maybe one quick
Om47kI694Xg-00729-00207467-00207844 question like I think foreign for some
Om47kI694Xg-00730-00207846-00208066 of the the point of your immersion I
Om47kI694Xg-00731-00208067-00208216 think they're easy to address and for
Om47kI694Xg-00732-00208217-00208421 for example for the Quran like for the
Om47kI694Xg-00733-00208421-00208642 error message about like a retrieving
Om47kI694Xg-00734-00208644-00208919 like a package from GitHub like if we
Om47kI694Xg-00735-00208919-00209171 couldn't resolve that like uh in the
Om47kI694Xg-00736-00209171-00209482 next month or so it is okay to a pass
Om47kI694Xg-00737-00209483-00209698 point just wrap this up but maybe you
Om47kI694Xg-00738-00209700-00209969 guys can put a recommendation in your
Om47kI694Xg-00739-00209969-00210179 written response just saying that in the
Om47kI694Xg-00740-00210180-00210437 future like you recommend like putting
Om47kI694Xg-00741-00210438-00210796 package on Chrome or something like that
Om47kI694Xg-00742-00210798-00211127 so you may we wrap it off with the own
Om47kI694Xg-00743-00211128-00211421 complete like um
Om47kI694Xg-00744-00211421-00211698 I'm just thinking that like for the the
Om47kI694Xg-00745-00211700-00212051 warning message you mentioned where it
Om47kI694Xg-00746-00212052-00212237 cut out that's like we're retrieving
Om47kI694Xg-00747-00212238-00212584 packages from GitHub instead of Quran if
Om47kI694Xg-00748-00212585-00212848 we couldn't submit yeah yeah quite fast
Om47kI694Xg-00749-00212850-00213131 enough then can we just put a maybe you
Om47kI694Xg-00750-00213132-00213269 guys can just put the recommendation
Om47kI694Xg-00751-00213269-00213592 message in your response instead of us
Om47kI694Xg-00752-00213594-00213791 waiting for the current submission right
Om47kI694Xg-00753-00213792-00214103 here I think so yeah that makes sense
Om47kI694Xg-00754-00214104-00214439 because so error message is just warning
Om47kI694Xg-00755-00214440-00214708 message I can still run the our shiny
Om47kI694Xg-00756-00214709-00214932 app without any issue so
Om47kI694Xg-00757-00214933-00215158 I think so yeah
Om47kI694Xg-00758-00215159-00215519 thanks do you think football too I think
Om47kI694Xg-00759-00215519-00215651 that's
Om47kI694Xg-00760-00215652-00215975 um appropriate for a prototype
Om47kI694Xg-00761-00215976-00216184 um
Om47kI694Xg-00762-00216185-00216415 if we were in
Om47kI694Xg-00763-00216416-00216767 a non-pilot production
Om47kI694Xg-00764-00216767-00216941 it might
Om47kI694Xg-00765-00216942-00217181 not be
Om47kI694Xg-00766-00217182-00217408 um quite as well regarded
Om47kI694Xg-00767-00217409-00217619 yeah that makes sense to me
Om47kI694Xg-00768-00217619-00217834 um and obviously these piots are
Om47kI694Xg-00769-00217835-00218015 Illuminating these kind of issues so
Om47kI694Xg-00770-00218016-00218194 hence we're getting a lot of valuable
Om47kI694Xg-00771-00218196-00218489 input from seeing this in action from
Om47kI694Xg-00772-00218490-00218656 from what you are seeing on your
Om47kI694Xg-00773-00218657-00218813 installation side
Om47kI694Xg-00774-00218814-00219071 um so the good news is I fixed the major
Om47kI694Xg-00775-00219071-00219437 filtering application issue now we'll
Om47kI694Xg-00776-00219438-00219634 we'll work on the usage and hopefully
Om47kI694Xg-00777-00219635-00219887 making those error messages either
Om47kI694Xg-00778-00219888-00220108 hidden or at least of a much more clear
Om47kI694Xg-00779-00220109-00220373 explanation on why those are occurring
Om47kI694Xg-00780-00220373-00220613 so this has been extremely helpful I
Om47kI694Xg-00781-00220614-00220834 will be recommending that Jesus like
Om47kI694Xg-00782-00220835-00221146 pause in her evaluation until we fix
Om47kI694Xg-00783-00221148-00221525 these things we've identified
Om47kI694Xg-00784-00221526-00221746 um what's the Practical next step
Om47kI694Xg-00785-00221748-00222221 forward
Om47kI694Xg-00786-00222221-00222334 um
Om47kI694Xg-00787-00222335-00222575 some of you are frozen
Om47kI694Xg-00788-00222576-00222898 no I was thinking um if there were other
Om47kI694Xg-00789-00222900-00223132 issues that don't depend on what we just
Om47kI694Xg-00790-00223133-00223282 discussed I'd like to hear about them
Om47kI694Xg-00791-00223283-00223558 sooner than later I don't think we have
Om47kI694Xg-00792-00223559-00223751 to hold up the rest of the evaluation
Om47kI694Xg-00793-00223752-00223960 for fixing these okay
Om47kI694Xg-00794-00223961-00224273 um that's my opinion
Om47kI694Xg-00795-00224273-00224765 what do you think uh Paul hey Sue
Om47kI694Xg-00796-00224766-00225106 I think the well if we can get
Om47kI694Xg-00797-00225107-00225371 um an updated
Om47kI694Xg-00798-00225371-00225646 package and
Om47kI694Xg-00799-00225648-00225821 with
Om47kI694Xg-00800-00225821-00225910 um
Om47kI694Xg-00801-00225911-00226139 those it would certainly be helpful
Om47kI694Xg-00802-00226140-00226582 because okay um then we can actually
Om47kI694Xg-00803-00226583-00226727 we have to
Om47kI694Xg-00804-00226728-00226996 the response
Om47kI694Xg-00805-00226998-00227219 um our official response has to go
Om47kI694Xg-00806-00227219-00227453 through approval before it can be
Om47kI694Xg-00807-00227454-00227819 released okay so if we can get
Om47kI694Xg-00808-00227819-00227963 you know like
Om47kI694Xg-00809-00227964-00228025 a
Om47kI694Xg-00810-00228026-00228371 semi-formalized endpoint there with no
Om47kI694Xg-00811-00228371-00228671 this is the the final
Om47kI694Xg-00812-00228671-00229091 um app
Om47kI694Xg-00813-00229092-00229421 um and then we could write our
Om47kI694Xg-00814-00229421-00229655 um response off that particular one
Om47kI694Xg-00815-00229656-00229937 that's helpful
Om47kI694Xg-00816-00229938-00230242 so that
Om47kI694Xg-00817-00230244-00230494 people don't have to review responses
Om47kI694Xg-00818-00230496-00230777 multiple times sure yeah it makes
Om47kI694Xg-00819-00230778-00230975 complete sense to me so I think we'll
Om47kI694Xg-00820-00230976-00231137 have to coordinate much like we did in
Om47kI694Xg-00821-00231138-00231473 the first transfer a time when um I
Om47kI694Xg-00822-00231473-00231587 can't remember who we were working with
Om47kI694Xg-00823-00231588-00231905 on the FDA side for the ectd actual
Om47kI694Xg-00824-00231906-00232060 transfer go out to coordinate something
Om47kI694Xg-00825-00232061-00232223 like that again so I might need some
Om47kI694Xg-00826-00232223-00232475 help with getting that lined up but I'll
Om47kI694Xg-00827-00232476-00232613 certainly I have enough information
Om47kI694Xg-00828-00232614-00232823 right now to work on everything we
Om47kI694Xg-00829-00232823-00233071 talked about today at least
Om47kI694Xg-00830-00233071-00233506 we found out the hard way that
Om47kI694Xg-00831-00233507-00233710 um
Om47kI694Xg-00832-00233711-00234082 basically we have to initiate a poll
Om47kI694Xg-00833-00234083-00234305 um from a new submission
Om47kI694Xg-00834-00234306-00234598 so basically
Om47kI694Xg-00835-00234600-00234781 um with
Om47kI694Xg-00836-00234782-00235103 non-prototypes there's once you it comes
Om47kI694Xg-00837-00235104-00235325 in it gets populated and it's pushed out
Om47kI694Xg-00838-00235326-00235529 to us
Om47kI694Xg-00839-00235530-00235619 um
Om47kI694Xg-00840-00235619-00235871 with prototypes and the different types
Om47kI694Xg-00841-00235871-00236177 of environment we have to say
Om47kI694Xg-00842-00236178-00236434 we're interested in this we need to have
Om47kI694Xg-00843-00236435-00236675 it pulled in
Om47kI694Xg-00844-00236676-00236842 okay
Om47kI694Xg-00845-00236844-00237017 is
Om47kI694Xg-00846-00237017-00237323 um
Om47kI694Xg-00847-00237323-00237551 I think that's the
Om47kI694Xg-00848-00237552-00237755 um final
Om47kI694Xg-00849-00237756-00238048 resolution we had when um an email
Om47kI694Xg-00850-00238050-00238229 exchange
Om47kI694Xg-00851-00238230-00238301 um
Om47kI694Xg-00852-00238302-00238546 if I recall that correctly is is that
Om47kI694Xg-00853-00238548-00238781 mostly correct ASU
Om47kI694Xg-00854-00238782-00238877 yeah
Om47kI694Xg-00855-00238878-00239117 okay yeah
Om47kI694Xg-00856-00239117-00239506 so we're going to do pilot to take two
Om47kI694Xg-00857-00239507-00239615 yeah
Om47kI694Xg-00858-00239616-00239855 if I recall correctly Pi one also had a
Om47kI694Xg-00859-00239856-00240125 similar situation okay that's par for
Om47kI694Xg-00860-00240126-00240473 the course then isn't it so it does
Om47kI694Xg-00861-00240473-00240671 suggest that
Om47kI694Xg-00862-00240671-00240773 um yeah
Om47kI694Xg-00863-00240773-00241055 well one thing is
Om47kI694Xg-00864-00241056-00241331 um in the future is that it iterations
Om47kI694Xg-00865-00241332-00241517 may be
Om47kI694Xg-00866-00241517-00241691 needed
Om47kI694Xg-00867-00241692-00241787 um
Om47kI694Xg-00868-00241788-00242123 an early submission would be helpful for
Om47kI694Xg-00869-00242123-00242327 iterations
Om47kI694Xg-00870-00242328-00242608 yeah we were trying to kind of be in the
Om47kI694Xg-00871-00242609-00242813 middle this summer by having that hosted
Om47kI694Xg-00872-00242814-00242987 version of the app that you all could
Om47kI694Xg-00873-00242988-00243232 look at on Shawnee Epps IO as a way for
Om47kI694Xg-00874-00243233-00243551 you to get that near real time you know
Om47kI694Xg-00875-00243552-00243760 look at what we were doing in a stage
Om47kI694Xg-00876-00243761-00244103 fashion but I do understand that you you
Om47kI694Xg-00877-00244104-00244348 need the more quote-unquote formal
Om47kI694Xg-00878-00244350-00244625 transfer process to actually do your
Om47kI694Xg-00879-00244626-00244823 evaluation so we were trying to kind of
Om47kI694Xg-00880-00244823-00245279 mix it through the cover a little bit
Om47kI694Xg-00881-00245280-00245332 um
Om47kI694Xg-00882-00245333-00245579 so yeah and then things have evolved
Om47kI694Xg-00883-00245580-00245837 even since what we looked at initially
Om47kI694Xg-00884-00245838-00246089 you bet absolutely but my first pass
Om47kI694Xg-00885-00246090-00246263 will be to deploy a new version on the
Om47kI694Xg-00886-00246264-00246431 external hosting just to make sure it
Om47kI694Xg-00887-00246432-00246641 works amongst our team here and then
Om47kI694Xg-00888-00246642-00246796 we'll send that link to you again just
Om47kI694Xg-00889-00246798-00246994 in case you want to poke at it before
Om47kI694Xg-00890-00246996-00247342 the actual transfer um okay we'll we'll
Om47kI694Xg-00891-00247344-00247534 take it from there yep
Om47kI694Xg-00892-00247535-00247763 well I have one more question do you
Om47kI694Xg-00893-00247764-00248134 expect that the work you alluded to by
Om47kI694Xg-00894-00248135-00248423 the security team at the FDA will result
Om47kI694Xg-00895-00248423-00248742 in a formal document of some sort on
Om47kI694Xg-00896-00248744-00249227 requirements or recommendations or
Om47kI694Xg-00897-00249228-00249565 um stuff they might
Om47kI694Xg-00898-00249566-00250132 were in discussions with the
Om47kI694Xg-00899-00250133-00250403 um one of the groups I'm involved with
Om47kI694Xg-00900-00250404-00250841 the scientific Computing board
Om47kI694Xg-00901-00250842-00251231 um is
Om47kI694Xg-00902-00251232-00251584 in discussions with
Om47kI694Xg-00903-00251585-00251777 um our office of information management
Om47kI694Xg-00904-00251778-00251994 and Technology
Om47kI694Xg-00905-00251996-00252192 and
Om47kI694Xg-00906-00252194-00252491 there's some discussion of trying to set
Om47kI694Xg-00907-00252492-00252725 up a working group to
Om47kI694Xg-00908-00252726-00253037 internal working group to address some
Om47kI694Xg-00909-00253038-00253396 of those
Om47kI694Xg-00910-00253398-00253691 I don't think R is the main
Om47kI694Xg-00911-00253692-00254010 problem I think it's actually python
Om47kI694Xg-00912-00254011-00254423 when you say to my ears
Om47kI694Xg-00913-00254423-00254860 um well I'm not an expert on python but
Om47kI694Xg-00914-00254861-00255079 I think some of their
Om47kI694Xg-00915-00255080-00255287 essentially the equivalent of their
Om47kI694Xg-00916-00255288-00255581 mirrors were corrupted by malware in the
Om47kI694Xg-00917-00255582-00255844 past that is true it's a much bigger
Om47kI694Xg-00918-00255846-00256132 attack Vector than you know cran has
Om47kI694Xg-00919-00256133-00256367 ever been and probably ever will be so
Om47kI694Xg-00920-00256367-00256523 there needs to be a lot more scrutiny
Om47kI694Xg-00921-00256523-00256746 around those things
Om47kI694Xg-00922-00256748-00257177 so my solution is just to say hey our
Om47kI694Xg-00923-00257178-00257509 crayon you can trust it python
Om47kI694Xg-00924-00257510-00257980 [Laughter]
Om47kI694Xg-00925-00257981-00258191 um but not everyone agrees with that
Om47kI694Xg-00926-00258192-00258389 approach
Om47kI694Xg-00927-00258390-00258587 right it'll be short-lived anyway
Om47kI694Xg-00928-00258588-00258917 they'll catch up
Om47kI694Xg-00929-00258917-00259108 so we hope so
Om47kI694Xg-00930-00259109-00259169 um
Om47kI694Xg-00931-00259169-00259415 Let's see we probably need to get going
Om47kI694Xg-00932-00259416-00259679 we have a uh another
Om47kI694Xg-00933-00259680-00260171 uh meeting to head off to yeah
Om47kI694Xg-00934-00260171-00260375 um let's see
Om47kI694Xg-00935-00260376-00260698 um one thing
Om47kI694Xg-00936-00260700-00261184 we might want to flag is we're getting
Om47kI694Xg-00937-00261185-00261517 um multiple groups approaching us now
Om47kI694Xg-00938-00261517-00261832 about using our
Om47kI694Xg-00939-00261833-00262360 in some sense validation issues ETC
Om47kI694Xg-00940-00262361-00262493 um
Om47kI694Xg-00941-00262494-00262967 we would prefer not to say the
Om47kI694Xg-00942-00262968-00263045 um
Om47kI694Xg-00943-00263046-00263327 basically we might want to set up some
Om47kI694Xg-00944-00263328-00263651 sort of way of trying to resolve these
Om47kI694Xg-00945-00263652-00263932 across the entire Spectrum I know we
Om47kI694Xg-00946-00263933-00264280 want to be decentralized but
Om47kI694Xg-00947-00264281-00264484 um it seems like there's a lot of
Om47kI694Xg-00948-00264485-00264689 replication and duplication of efforts
Om47kI694Xg-00949-00264690-00264947 out there
Om47kI694Xg-00950-00264948-00265145 um and I didn't know
Om47kI694Xg-00951-00265146-00265456 maybe that something were at our time
Om47kI694Xg-00952-00265457-00265649 that could be discussed at our next
Om47kI694Xg-00953-00265650-00265799 meeting
Om47kI694Xg-00954-00265800-00266063 yeah I like that idea the validation
Om47kI694Xg-00955-00266064-00266201 issues
Om47kI694Xg-00956-00266202-00266560 Val well also you know who's going to do
Om47kI694Xg-00957-00266561-00266765 what
Om47kI694Xg-00958-00266766-00266830 um
Om47kI694Xg-00959-00266831-00267143 we we've been pinged on by transcella
Om47kI694Xg-00960-00267144-00267460 rate we're being pinged on by fuse we've
Om47kI694Xg-00961-00267461-00267947 been pinged on by pharmaververse
Om47kI694Xg-00962-00267948-00268115 um
Om47kI694Xg-00963-00268116-00268355 we would like to at least I would like
Om47kI694Xg-00964-00268356-00268613 to have a coherent message and probably
Om47kI694Xg-00965-00268614-00269087 we need to broaden our base within FDA
Om47kI694Xg-00966-00269088-00269363 um I've reached out to John Scott and
Om47kI694Xg-00967-00269364-00269471 sieber
Om47kI694Xg-00968-00269472-00269795 so that right now we've had a cedar
Om47kI694Xg-00969-00269796-00270029 based discussion
Om47kI694Xg-00970-00270030-00270269 um but obviously since we're using the
Om47kI694Xg-00971-00270270-00270593 same Gateway we would at some stage like
Om47kI694Xg-00972-00270594-00270815 to broaden it and bring in sieber as
Om47kI694Xg-00973-00270816-00271132 well
Om47kI694Xg-00974-00271133-00271403 all right so the next time I I will ask
Om47kI694Xg-00975-00271404-00271613 somebody from the validation hub
Om47kI694Xg-00976-00271614-00271776 to come
Om47kI694Xg-00977-00271777-00271895 [Music]
Om47kI694Xg-00978-00271896-00272099 would be good to have them to the
Om47kI694Xg-00979-00272100-00272260 discussion
Om47kI694Xg-00980-00272261-00272710 we could also invite people from fuse if
Om47kI694Xg-00981-00272711-00272897 you know who they are if anybody can
Om47kI694Xg-00982-00272898-00273232 make recommendations okay
Om47kI694Xg-00983-00273233-00273377 I think like
Om47kI694Xg-00984-00273378-00273527 um maybe we can have a discussion
Om47kI694Xg-00985-00273528-00273839 offline sure
Om47kI694Xg-00986-00273840-00274241 um and we can forward and try to come up
Om47kI694Xg-00987-00274242-00274487 with an appropriate umbrella
Om47kI694Xg-00988-00274488-00274960 excellent okay
Om47kI694Xg-00989-00274961-00275141 all right so Paul let me know when you
Om47kI694Xg-00990-00275142-00275303 have time to talk and I'll make myself
Om47kI694Xg-00991-00275304-00275543 available
Om47kI694Xg-00992-00275544-00275873 um today's pretty busy but let Let's uh
Om47kI694Xg-00993-00275874-00276419 touch base next week perhaps okay
Om47kI694Xg-00994-00276420-00276713 thank you everyone uh Paul I think
Om47kI694Xg-00995-00276714-00277097 everyone is waiting for us okay sorry
Om47kI694Xg-00996-00277098-00277379 thank you thank you bye-bye thank you
Om47kI694Xg-00997-00277380-00277487 everybody
Om47kI694Xg-00998-00277488-00277775 um sorry for the interruption this to
Om47kI694Xg-00999-00277776-00277955 get started but you're all very
Om47kI694Xg-01000-00277956-00278279 resilient and very excited the award for
Om47kI694Xg-01001-00278280-00278545 coding Under Pressure so
Om47kI694Xg-01002-00278546-00278860 take care talk with you later it it
Om47kI694Xg-01003-00278861-00279215 happens I've been through it
Om47kI694Xg-01004-00279216-00279389 I was going to say for those that are
Om47kI694Xg-01005-00279390-00279551 still on if any of you are attending
Om47kI694Xg-01006-00279552-00279773 fuse connect next week come say hi I'll
Om47kI694Xg-01007-00279774-00280111 be going on Monday
P0oK2waITR0-00000-00000504-00000746 foreign
P0oK2waITR0-00001-00000747-00001860 [Music]
P0oK2waITR0-00002-00001861-00002527 [Music]
P0oK2waITR0-00003-00002528-00003497 [Music]
P0oK2waITR0-00004-00003497-00003515 [Applause]
P0oK2waITR0-00005-00003515-00003993 [Music]
P0oK2waITR0-00006-00003994-00004442 [Applause]
P0oK2waITR0-00007-00004443-00005424 [Music]
P0oK2waITR0-00008-00005425-00005749 [Applause]
P0oK2waITR0-00009-00005750-00006383 no no no no no
P0oK2waITR0-00010-00006384-00006644 body
P1WBAP3uiz8-00000-00000008-00000279 uh welcome everyone uh good afternoon
P1WBAP3uiz8-00001-00000280-00000399 good morning good evening
P1WBAP3uiz8-00002-00000400-00000582 uh whatever your relative position to
P1WBAP3uiz8-00003-00000583-00000743 the sun is right now
P1WBAP3uiz8-00004-00000744-00001143 uh uh welcome to uh zeke week 20 20.
P1WBAP3uiz8-00005-00001144-00001495 uh so uh this was this is our first
P1WBAP3uiz8-00006-00001496-00001798 virtual zeekweek conference
P1WBAP3uiz8-00007-00001800-00001967 when it was apparent that we would not
P1WBAP3uiz8-00008-00001968-00002159 be able to meet in person
P1WBAP3uiz8-00009-00002160-00002342 and that there was no possibility of
P1WBAP3uiz8-00010-00002343-00002534 even pushing that back
P1WBAP3uiz8-00011-00002535-00002823 in time to accomplish that goal we
P1WBAP3uiz8-00012-00002824-00002999 quickly pivoted to holding
P1WBAP3uiz8-00013-00003000-00003415 an entirely virtual event uh
P1WBAP3uiz8-00014-00003415-00003606 we have all been blown away by the
P1WBAP3uiz8-00015-00003607-00003759 exceptional response
P1WBAP3uiz8-00016-00003760-00003975 we have as of this morning had about
P1WBAP3uiz8-00017-00003976-00004215 1400 registrants for day two
P1WBAP3uiz8-00018-00004216-00004543 and day three and we had several hundred
P1WBAP3uiz8-00019-00004544-00004686 participants yesterday
P1WBAP3uiz8-00020-00004687-00004999 in the training portion this is
P1WBAP3uiz8-00021-00005000-00005199 far and away more than we've ever had
P1WBAP3uiz8-00022-00005200-00005454 for any of our in-person events
P1WBAP3uiz8-00023-00005455-00005622 and it certainly caused us to have some
P1WBAP3uiz8-00024-00005623-00005831 discussions internally about
P1WBAP3uiz8-00025-00005832-00006127 how we can try to capture this uh
P1WBAP3uiz8-00026-00006128-00006199 virtual
P1WBAP3uiz8-00027-00006200-00006550 participation for future events
P1WBAP3uiz8-00028-00006551-00006806 uh i would note that we're keenly
P1WBAP3uiz8-00029-00006808-00006878 interested
P1WBAP3uiz8-00030-00006879-00007142 in feedback from the community about how
P1WBAP3uiz8-00031-00007143-00007206 this virtual
P1WBAP3uiz8-00032-00007208-00007510 event went on you'll all get a survey
P1WBAP3uiz8-00033-00007511-00007742 and i encourage you to fill that out and
P1WBAP3uiz8-00034-00007743-00007798 provide
P1WBAP3uiz8-00035-00007800-00008199 feedback this year we're also debuting a
P1WBAP3uiz8-00036-00008200-00008303 new two-track
P1WBAP3uiz8-00037-00008304-00008655 format we have day two set up
P1WBAP3uiz8-00038-00008656-00008967 uh focused solely on the user experience
P1WBAP3uiz8-00039-00008968-00009183 uh so we're trying to encourage
P1WBAP3uiz8-00040-00009184-00009367 participation for people who aren't
P1WBAP3uiz8-00041-00009368-00009535 necessarily writing scripts
P1WBAP3uiz8-00042-00009536-00009751 uh but are doing amazing things with the
P1WBAP3uiz8-00043-00009752-00009983 data that zeke generates
P1WBAP3uiz8-00044-00009984-00010167 tomorrow on day three we will have a
P1WBAP3uiz8-00045-00010168-00010295 developer focused
P1WBAP3uiz8-00046-00010296-00010655 track again that is going to be much
P1WBAP3uiz8-00047-00010656-00010759 more focused on
P1WBAP3uiz8-00048-00010760-00011078 future road map road map of zeek uh
P1WBAP3uiz8-00049-00011079-00011310 feature discussions uh and getting into
P1WBAP3uiz8-00050-00011311-00011446 the nitty-gritty
P1WBAP3uiz8-00051-00011447-00011831 details of the core that being said
P1WBAP3uiz8-00052-00011832-00012023 uh even if you're not someone that
P1WBAP3uiz8-00053-00012024-00012263 writes code uh for zeek you may still
P1WBAP3uiz8-00054-00012264-00012383 find the discussions
P1WBAP3uiz8-00055-00012384-00012742 uh interesting and uh end users should
P1WBAP3uiz8-00056-00012743-00013055 certainly track what happens in that in
P1WBAP3uiz8-00057-00013056-00013127 those
P1WBAP3uiz8-00058-00013128-00013511 talks uh so we are also this year
P1WBAP3uiz8-00059-00013512-00013775 going with much shorter talks this is
P1WBAP3uiz8-00060-00013776-00013830 partly
P1WBAP3uiz8-00061-00013831-00014143 a nod toward zoom fatigue
P1WBAP3uiz8-00062-00014144-00014303 we wouldn't be able to have a full
P1WBAP3uiz8-00063-00014304-00014463 eight-hour day
P1WBAP3uiz8-00064-00014463-00014686 so we went with shorter talks we're
P1WBAP3uiz8-00065-00014687-00015063 doing 15 to 20 minute talks
P1WBAP3uiz8-00066-00015063-00015311 we hope that these will be concise and
P1WBAP3uiz8-00067-00015312-00015471 impactful
P1WBAP3uiz8-00068-00015472-00015727 but we would like to try to have uh
P1WBAP3uiz8-00069-00015728-00015863 expanded versions
P1WBAP3uiz8-00070-00015863-00016191 of the more popular talks put on as
P1WBAP3uiz8-00071-00016191-00016479 monthly zeek presentations in the future
P1WBAP3uiz8-00072-00016480-00016686 again that's going to be driven by the
P1WBAP3uiz8-00073-00016687-00016855 survey results
P1WBAP3uiz8-00074-00016856-00017111 so uh please do let us know which talks
P1WBAP3uiz8-00075-00017112-00017175 you think
P1WBAP3uiz8-00076-00017176-00017471 uh were uh engaging and would benefit
P1WBAP3uiz8-00077-00017472-00017615 from having a little bit longer
P1WBAP3uiz8-00078-00017616-00017871 presentation in the future
P1WBAP3uiz8-00079-00017872-00018207 uh as we started to look at uh
P1WBAP3uiz8-00080-00018208-00018494 doing a virtual event i think one of the
P1WBAP3uiz8-00081-00018495-00018694 biggest hurdles that we had to get past
P1WBAP3uiz8-00082-00018695-00018758 was
P1WBAP3uiz8-00083-00018759-00018927 trying to figure out how to simulate
P1WBAP3uiz8-00084-00018928-00019158 that hallway conference experience
P1WBAP3uiz8-00085-00019159-00019399 uh the random interactions that you get
P1WBAP3uiz8-00086-00019400-00019463 with people
P1WBAP3uiz8-00087-00019464-00019622 and especially the interactions with
P1WBAP3uiz8-00088-00019623-00019814 speakers that you can have after they're
P1WBAP3uiz8-00089-00019815-00019863 finished
P1WBAP3uiz8-00090-00019864-00020127 talking to try to simulate some of that
P1WBAP3uiz8-00091-00020128-00020343 we've got a number of slack channels set
P1WBAP3uiz8-00092-00020344-00020447 up this year
P1WBAP3uiz8-00093-00020448-00020694 we have per talk slack channels uh where
P1WBAP3uiz8-00094-00020695-00020847 hopefully speakers will be able to
P1WBAP3uiz8-00095-00020848-00020958 engage with
P1WBAP3uiz8-00096-00020959-00021255 attendees and we also have some general
P1WBAP3uiz8-00097-00021256-00021311 purpose
P1WBAP3uiz8-00098-00021312-00021583 slack channels as well again we hope
P1WBAP3uiz8-00099-00021584-00021694 that this helps
P1WBAP3uiz8-00100-00021695-00021894 build community and helps people build
P1WBAP3uiz8-00101-00021895-00022103 and establish relationships
P1WBAP3uiz8-00102-00022104-00022335 which is again a lot of what conferences
P1WBAP3uiz8-00103-00022336-00022599 are about
P1WBAP3uiz8-00104-00022600-00022799 in addition this year uh i'm excited to
P1WBAP3uiz8-00105-00022800-00023007 note that we have a capture the flag
P1WBAP3uiz8-00106-00023008-00023150 event that is going on
P1WBAP3uiz8-00107-00023151-00023350 uh that opened up this morning and will
P1WBAP3uiz8-00108-00023351-00023542 run uh through the end of the day
P1WBAP3uiz8-00109-00023543-00023639 tomorrow
P1WBAP3uiz8-00110-00023640-00023839 uh this is done by the hard work of
P1WBAP3uiz8-00111-00023840-00023991 anthony kaza
P1WBAP3uiz8-00112-00023992-00024150 thank you very much for all of the
P1WBAP3uiz8-00113-00024151-00024319 effort that you put into getting this
P1WBAP3uiz8-00114-00024320-00024422 together
P1WBAP3uiz8-00115-00024423-00024591 and obviously all the hard work you'll
P1WBAP3uiz8-00116-00024592-00024742 put in today and tomorrow
P1WBAP3uiz8-00117-00024743-00024975 helping to hold the event uh please go
P1WBAP3uiz8-00118-00024976-00025335 to zeekweek.ctf.corlight.io
P1WBAP3uiz8-00119-00025336-00025575 if you have questions or you are
P1WBAP3uiz8-00120-00025576-00025767 interested in participating
P1WBAP3uiz8-00121-00025768-00025950 uh i will note that there is a slack
P1WBAP3uiz8-00122-00025951-00026127 channel dedicated for this
P1WBAP3uiz8-00123-00026127-00026462 in uh event uh that is at ctf
P1WBAP3uiz8-00124-00026463-00026839 capture dash dash flag please be careful
P1WBAP3uiz8-00125-00026839-00026983 in that slack channel to not
P1WBAP3uiz8-00126-00026983-00027262 shout out the answers to the solutions
P1WBAP3uiz8-00127-00027263-00027479 to the problems uh as that will
P1WBAP3uiz8-00128-00027480-00027695 spoil the experience for everyone else
P1WBAP3uiz8-00129-00027695-00027895 uh and last but not least i'll note that
P1WBAP3uiz8-00130-00027895-00028023 there's a 100
P1WBAP3uiz8-00131-00028024-00028295 amazon gift card that will be awarded to
P1WBAP3uiz8-00132-00028295-00028399 the winner
P1WBAP3uiz8-00133-00028400-00028535 i would encourage everyone to
P1WBAP3uiz8-00134-00028536-00028790 participate you may amaze yourself at
P1WBAP3uiz8-00135-00028791-00028935 how far you get along
P1WBAP3uiz8-00136-00028936-00029207 and it's a great opportunity to learn
P1WBAP3uiz8-00137-00029208-00029487 more about zeke
P1WBAP3uiz8-00138-00029488-00029662 so i'd like to take a moment to thank
P1WBAP3uiz8-00139-00029663-00029846 some folks who have put in a lot of work
P1WBAP3uiz8-00140-00029847-00030014 to make this event happen in a short
P1WBAP3uiz8-00141-00030016-00030070 time
P1WBAP3uiz8-00142-00030072-00030318 uh amber grayner has been instrumental
P1WBAP3uiz8-00143-00030319-00030439 in coordinating and
P1WBAP3uiz8-00144-00030439-00030767 organizing uh and running uh things uh
P1WBAP3uiz8-00145-00030768-00030990 and aaron soto has also been
P1WBAP3uiz8-00146-00030991-00031214 invaluable with helping with
P1WBAP3uiz8-00147-00031216-00031487 registrations corralling speakers
P1WBAP3uiz8-00148-00031488-00031679 and generally just sort of being the man
P1WBAP3uiz8-00149-00031680-00031862 behind the curtain
P1WBAP3uiz8-00150-00031863-00032031 in addition i'd like to thank the zeke
P1WBAP3uiz8-00151-00032032-00032255 leadership team we all served as an
P1WBAP3uiz8-00152-00032256-00032470 impromptu program committee
P1WBAP3uiz8-00153-00032472-00032631 when it became apparent we'd need to do
P1WBAP3uiz8-00154-00032632-00032887 this event in a short period of time
P1WBAP3uiz8-00155-00032888-00033062 we didn't feel that we could do a formal
P1WBAP3uiz8-00156-00033063-00033239 program committee process
P1WBAP3uiz8-00157-00033240-00033655 so we served as the impromptu committee
P1WBAP3uiz8-00158-00033656-00033855 trying to help brainstorm ideas for
P1WBAP3uiz8-00159-00033856-00033974 speakers uh
P1WBAP3uiz8-00160-00033975-00034151 and making sure that we had a good
P1WBAP3uiz8-00161-00034152-00034287 exciting uh
P1WBAP3uiz8-00162-00034288-00034590 program set up uh last but not least uh
P1WBAP3uiz8-00163-00034591-00034774 i'd like to extend a thanks to all of
P1WBAP3uiz8-00164-00034775-00034974 the speakers who are putting in their
P1WBAP3uiz8-00165-00034975-00035046 time
P1WBAP3uiz8-00166-00035047-00035383 uh to make this event successful and i
P1WBAP3uiz8-00167-00035384-00035511 would like to highlight the
P1WBAP3uiz8-00168-00035512-00035671 contributions of
P1WBAP3uiz8-00169-00035672-00035983 ashish sharma who put on a very well
P1WBAP3uiz8-00170-00035984-00036102 received
P1WBAP3uiz8-00171-00036103-00036287 training session yesterday on zeke
P1WBAP3uiz8-00172-00036288-00036407 scripting uh
P1WBAP3uiz8-00173-00036408-00036759 and also fatima banatwala who assisted
P1WBAP3uiz8-00174-00036760-00037023 uh who together with me put on an
P1WBAP3uiz8-00175-00037024-00037239 introduction to zeke training
P1WBAP3uiz8-00176-00037240-00037430 uh my understanding is that both of
P1WBAP3uiz8-00177-00037431-00037615 those were pretty well received
P1WBAP3uiz8-00178-00037616-00037807 uh and fatima and ashish put a
P1WBAP3uiz8-00179-00037808-00038023 tremendous amount of time in
P1WBAP3uiz8-00180-00038024-00038239 getting these together in a compressed
P1WBAP3uiz8-00181-00038240-00038527 timeline
P1WBAP3uiz8-00182-00038528-00038807 so for a lot of us it probably feels
P1WBAP3uiz8-00183-00038808-00038895 like it's been
P1WBAP3uiz8-00184-00038896-00039127 25 years since we all got together in
P1WBAP3uiz8-00185-00039128-00039295 seattle last year
P1WBAP3uiz8-00186-00039296-00039630 but as it would happen it has been 25
P1WBAP3uiz8-00187-00039631-00039846 years since bern paxton wrote the first
P1WBAP3uiz8-00188-00039847-00040062 lines of code for what was at the time
P1WBAP3uiz8-00189-00040063-00040102 called
P1WBAP3uiz8-00190-00040103-00040518 pro in the intervening 25 years
P1WBAP3uiz8-00191-00040519-00040751 i think you know vern and none of the
P1WBAP3uiz8-00192-00040752-00040927 rest of us would have predicted
P1WBAP3uiz8-00193-00040928-00041143 how far things have traveled and how
P1WBAP3uiz8-00194-00041144-00041358 much this community has grown
P1WBAP3uiz8-00195-00041359-00041687 uh it it continues to amaze me uh where
P1WBAP3uiz8-00196-00041688-00041799 zeke gets to
P1WBAP3uiz8-00197-00041800-00042055 uh from its early days uh as something
P1WBAP3uiz8-00198-00042056-00042207 that was primarily focused
P1WBAP3uiz8-00199-00042208-00042399 around higher ed and used within the
P1WBAP3uiz8-00200-00042400-00042558 higher ed community
P1WBAP3uiz8-00201-00042559-00042807 uh and now we see zeke listed as a
P1WBAP3uiz8-00202-00042808-00042951 requirement for job
P1WBAP3uiz8-00203-00042952-00043279 uh applications and uh we continue to
P1WBAP3uiz8-00204-00043280-00043462 see participation from
P1WBAP3uiz8-00205-00043463-00043655 the commercial sector and from the
P1WBAP3uiz8-00206-00043656-00043862 government sector
P1WBAP3uiz8-00207-00043863-00044158 i'm again always amazed to see what
P1WBAP3uiz8-00208-00044159-00044327 people are doing and where people are
P1WBAP3uiz8-00209-00044328-00044423 going
P1WBAP3uiz8-00210-00044424-00044743 with zeke the accelerating pace of
P1WBAP3uiz8-00211-00044744-00044839 changing
P1WBAP3uiz8-00212-00044840-00045143 code has also been pretty astonishing uh
P1WBAP3uiz8-00213-00045144-00045351 for someone that tries to track very
P1WBAP3uiz8-00214-00045352-00045574 closely uh what the changes are
P1WBAP3uiz8-00215-00045575-00045839 uh it it has become harder and harder as
P1WBAP3uiz8-00216-00045840-00046007 more and more amazing things have been
P1WBAP3uiz8-00217-00046008-00046095 added
P1WBAP3uiz8-00218-00046096-00046383 uh we've seen in recent years the shift
P1WBAP3uiz8-00219-00046384-00046623 to using broker as the communication
P1WBAP3uiz8-00220-00046624-00046695 library
P1WBAP3uiz8-00221-00046696-00046895 uh there have been a lot of significant
P1WBAP3uiz8-00222-00046896-00047023 changes in the core
P1WBAP3uiz8-00223-00047024-00047302 of zeek code over the last few years as
P1WBAP3uiz8-00224-00047303-00047423 they've been able to add
P1WBAP3uiz8-00225-00047424-00047727 open source developers to the project
P1WBAP3uiz8-00226-00047728-00047935 and there are some pretty exciting
P1WBAP3uiz8-00227-00047936-00048086 things happening around
P1WBAP3uiz8-00228-00048087-00048415 a new protocol parser code called spicy
P1WBAP3uiz8-00229-00048416-00048607 uh that will undoubtedly be discussed
P1WBAP3uiz8-00230-00048608-00048751 more tomorrow
P1WBAP3uiz8-00231-00048752-00049015 again really amazed at how far things
P1WBAP3uiz8-00232-00049016-00049071 have come
P1WBAP3uiz8-00233-00049072-00049367 in the intervening years uh if you would
P1WBAP3uiz8-00234-00049368-00049479 like a little more
P1WBAP3uiz8-00235-00049480-00049799 of a view of the history of uh zeke uh i
P1WBAP3uiz8-00236-00049800-00049983 would strongly encourage you go back and
P1WBAP3uiz8-00237-00049984-00050215 look at vern's keynote uh from the 20th
P1WBAP3uiz8-00238-00050216-00050502 anniversary back at bro con 2015.
P1WBAP3uiz8-00239-00050503-00050767 uh that was a great talk that grounds
P1WBAP3uiz8-00240-00050768-00050815 where
P1WBAP3uiz8-00241-00050816-00051102 things started and how the project had
P1WBAP3uiz8-00242-00051103-00051254 grown to that point
P1WBAP3uiz8-00243-00051255-00051502 and i think it still has relevance and
P1WBAP3uiz8-00244-00051503-00051607 resonance
P1WBAP3uiz8-00245-00051608-00052166 uh today uh since we last met in seattle
P1WBAP3uiz8-00246-00052167-00052399 uh the leadership team has been hard at
P1WBAP3uiz8-00247-00052400-00052519 work putting together
P1WBAP3uiz8-00248-00052520-00052847 a formal document uh to govern to
P1WBAP3uiz8-00249-00052848-00053126 describe our governance process uh that
P1WBAP3uiz8-00250-00053127-00053159 was
P1WBAP3uiz8-00251-00053160-00053447 published earlier this year the goal of
P1WBAP3uiz8-00252-00053448-00053654 that document was to lay out
P1WBAP3uiz8-00253-00053655-00053815 what the leadership team should be
P1WBAP3uiz8-00254-00053816-00053991 responsible for
P1WBAP3uiz8-00255-00053991-00054199 what the various roles on the team
P1WBAP3uiz8-00256-00054200-00054294 should be
P1WBAP3uiz8-00257-00054295-00054630 and a process for getting involved
P1WBAP3uiz8-00258-00054632-00054959 in the leadership team this year we were
P1WBAP3uiz8-00259-00054960-00055223 able to hold community nominations
P1WBAP3uiz8-00260-00055224-00055503 so we opened up the process to have
P1WBAP3uiz8-00261-00055504-00055582 people either
P1WBAP3uiz8-00262-00055583-00055782 self-nominate or they could be nominated
P1WBAP3uiz8-00263-00055783-00055991 by members of the community
P1WBAP3uiz8-00264-00055991-00056238 we had a process where people could
P1WBAP3uiz8-00265-00056239-00056463 provide testimonials
P1WBAP3uiz8-00266-00056464-00056654 to highlight the contributions of
P1WBAP3uiz8-00267-00056655-00056830 prospective members
P1WBAP3uiz8-00268-00056832-00057079 and then this year we conducted voting
P1WBAP3uiz8-00269-00057079-00057247 by the existing leadership
P1WBAP3uiz8-00270-00057248-00057607 team we do have a goal to try to involve
P1WBAP3uiz8-00271-00057608-00057807 the community in the voting process the
P1WBAP3uiz8-00272-00057808-00057919 next time around
P1WBAP3uiz8-00273-00057920-00058166 in two years i think the largest
P1WBAP3uiz8-00274-00058167-00058359 challenge we have to solve there
P1WBAP3uiz8-00275-00058360-00058599 is how to identify community members who
P1WBAP3uiz8-00276-00058600-00058766 have standing to participate
P1WBAP3uiz8-00277-00058767-00059047 in the voting so that is something that
P1WBAP3uiz8-00278-00059048-00059126 we look to do
P1WBAP3uiz8-00279-00059127-00059319 in the future but i think we've made
P1WBAP3uiz8-00280-00059320-00059503 tremendous progress in the last
P1WBAP3uiz8-00281-00059504-00059711 year and i want to thank everybody on
P1WBAP3uiz8-00282-00059712-00059815 the leadership team
P1WBAP3uiz8-00283-00059816-00060054 for all of their efforts in getting
P1WBAP3uiz8-00284-00060055-00060247 those nominations getting this process
P1WBAP3uiz8-00285-00060248-00060311 together
P1WBAP3uiz8-00286-00060312-00060591 and getting us to the point where we are
P1WBAP3uiz8-00287-00060591-00060750 now
P1WBAP3uiz8-00288-00060751-00060975 we conducted the votes a couple weeks
P1WBAP3uiz8-00289-00060976-00061071 ago and
P1WBAP3uiz8-00290-00061072-00061382 uh i am now happy to start announcing
P1WBAP3uiz8-00291-00061383-00061623 the new leadership team
P1WBAP3uiz8-00292-00061624-00061806 before i do that i would like to take a
P1WBAP3uiz8-00293-00061807-00062063 moment uh to publicly thank uh
P1WBAP3uiz8-00294-00062064-00062335 adam slagle and mikhail perzinski uh
P1WBAP3uiz8-00295-00062336-00062503 they are both stepping down from the
P1WBAP3uiz8-00296-00062504-00062638 leadership team
P1WBAP3uiz8-00297-00062639-00062982 uh adam has been around for a number of
P1WBAP3uiz8-00298-00062983-00063111 years and has been
P1WBAP3uiz8-00299-00063112-00063294 involved in the leadership team since
P1WBAP3uiz8-00300-00063295-00063582 the very first days of its beginning
P1WBAP3uiz8-00301-00063583-00063806 and has been a significant member of the
P1WBAP3uiz8-00302-00063807-00063894 community
P1WBAP3uiz8-00303-00063895-00064199 uh as has mikhail i'm sure we've all
P1WBAP3uiz8-00304-00064200-00064375 seen the wonderful technical talks and
P1WBAP3uiz8-00305-00064376-00064535 other things he's done
P1WBAP3uiz8-00306-00064536-00064775 he was quite helpful yesterday and
P1WBAP3uiz8-00307-00064776-00064991 continues to volunteer in a variety of
P1WBAP3uiz8-00308-00064991-00065119 ways
P1WBAP3uiz8-00309-00065120-00065303 and again i want to thank both of them
P1WBAP3uiz8-00310-00065304-00065438 for their participation
P1WBAP3uiz8-00311-00065439-00065679 and i look forward to buying them a
P1WBAP3uiz8-00312-00065680-00065855 drink when we can be in the same room
P1WBAP3uiz8-00313-00065856-00065991 again
P1WBAP3uiz8-00314-00065992-00066271 so i would like to introduce the new
P1WBAP3uiz8-00315-00066272-00066382 leadership team
P1WBAP3uiz8-00316-00066383-00066623 we have a couple new members and we now
P1WBAP3uiz8-00317-00066624-00066703 have
P1WBAP3uiz8-00318-00066704-00067031 formal role-based seats amber brainer
P1WBAP3uiz8-00319-00067032-00067406 is in the community seat vern paxson
P1WBAP3uiz8-00320-00067407-00067687 uh is in the founder's seat uh and he
P1WBAP3uiz8-00321-00067688-00067894 will remain so as long as he wants to
P1WBAP3uiz8-00322-00067895-00068031 put up with us
P1WBAP3uiz8-00323-00068032-00068279 uh we have a technical lead seat that is
P1WBAP3uiz8-00324-00068280-00068367 filled by
P1WBAP3uiz8-00325-00068368-00068647 robin somer uh and then we have two new
P1WBAP3uiz8-00326-00068648-00068694 members
P1WBAP3uiz8-00327-00068695-00068926 uh fatima banakwala will be joining us
P1WBAP3uiz8-00328-00068927-00068999 uh she
P1WBAP3uiz8-00329-00069000-00069223 currently works at esnet uh has been
P1WBAP3uiz8-00330-00069224-00069406 around the zeke project for a number of
P1WBAP3uiz8-00331-00069407-00069471 years
P1WBAP3uiz8-00332-00069472-00069719 uh doing really amazing things with the
P1WBAP3uiz8-00333-00069720-00069799 weird log
P1WBAP3uiz8-00334-00069800-00070135 and improving the dns scripting uh
P1WBAP3uiz8-00335-00070136-00070431 in zeek in addition nick turley uh who
P1WBAP3uiz8-00336-00070432-00070631 is a security architect at brigham
P1WBAP3uiz8-00337-00070632-00070863 young university will also be joining
P1WBAP3uiz8-00338-00070864-00070999 the leadership team
P1WBAP3uiz8-00339-00071000-00071279 uh nick has been around for a good 10
P1WBAP3uiz8-00340-00071280-00071335 years
P1WBAP3uiz8-00341-00071336-00071615 and is an active and vocal member of the
P1WBAP3uiz8-00342-00071616-00071694 community
P1WBAP3uiz8-00343-00071695-00071935 uh i look forward to uh having both of
P1WBAP3uiz8-00344-00071936-00072135 them on the leadership team going
P1WBAP3uiz8-00345-00072136-00072255 forward
P1WBAP3uiz8-00346-00072256-00072487 uh among the returning members uh we
P1WBAP3uiz8-00347-00072488-00072655 have johanna amman
P1WBAP3uiz8-00348-00072656-00073015 myself ashish sharma and seth hall uh
P1WBAP3uiz8-00349-00073016-00073303 in addition uh we conducted a process to
P1WBAP3uiz8-00350-00073304-00073438 select a new chair
P1WBAP3uiz8-00351-00073439-00073750 and uh from today and going forward for
P1WBAP3uiz8-00352-00073751-00073999 at least the next two years uh johanna
P1WBAP3uiz8-00353-00074000-00074103 aman will be
P1WBAP3uiz8-00354-00074104-00074438 the zeke leadership team chair i want to
P1WBAP3uiz8-00355-00074439-00074591 thank johanna for
P1WBAP3uiz8-00356-00074592-00074838 taking that role and i wish her the best
P1WBAP3uiz8-00357-00074839-00075047 of luck and success going forward
P1WBAP3uiz8-00358-00075048-00075350 uh hurting this uh group of cats
P1WBAP3uiz8-00359-00075351-00075687 uh so uh that is uh the
P1WBAP3uiz8-00360-00075688-00076031 end of my remarks thus far uh i will
P1WBAP3uiz8-00361-00076032-00076079 note
P1WBAP3uiz8-00362-00076080-00076303 uh if you'd like to get involved uh in
P1WBAP3uiz8-00363-00076304-00076487 the leadership team or involved in the
P1WBAP3uiz8-00364-00076488-00076615 community in general
P1WBAP3uiz8-00365-00076616-00076862 uh i would note that ambergrainer will
P1WBAP3uiz8-00366-00076863-00077006 be doing a talk today
P1WBAP3uiz8-00367-00077007-00077199 talking about how to get engaged with
P1WBAP3uiz8-00368-00077200-00077311 the community
P1WBAP3uiz8-00369-00077312-00077575 and uh i really look forward to all of
P1WBAP3uiz8-00370-00077576-00077743 the other exciting talks that we have
P1WBAP3uiz8-00371-00077744-00077879 set up for today
P1WBAP3uiz8-00372-00077880-00078094 uh and tomorrow and again thanks to
P1WBAP3uiz8-00373-00078095-00078262 everyone who put on the training
P1WBAP3uiz8-00374-00078263-00078343 yesterday
P1WBAP3uiz8-00375-00078344-00078494 uh and of course everyone who
P1WBAP3uiz8-00376-00078495-00078687 participated
P1WBAP3uiz8-00377-00078688-00078919 even the trainers learned things from
P1WBAP3uiz8-00378-00078920-00079111 the questions that people asked
P1WBAP3uiz8-00379-00079112-00079343 so we learned stuff and hopefully the
P1WBAP3uiz8-00380-00079344-00079423 rest of you
P1WBAP3uiz8-00381-00079424-00079655 also learned a lot and gained a lot out
P1WBAP3uiz8-00382-00079656-00079767 of those
P1WBAP3uiz8-00383-00079768-00080047 talks again thank you very much everyone
P1WBAP3uiz8-00384-00080048-00080247 for attending uh we hope that this is a
P1WBAP3uiz8-00385-00080248-00080391 really successful event
P1WBAP3uiz8-00386-00080392-00080606 uh please do provide us with feedback
P1WBAP3uiz8-00387-00080607-00080735 via the surveys
P1WBAP3uiz8-00388-00080736-00081006 and uh please do engage in the
P1WBAP3uiz8-00389-00081007-00081135 discussions that go on
P1WBAP3uiz8-00390-00081136-00081423 in the slack channel uh thank you and
P1WBAP3uiz8-00391-00081424-00081479 that is
P1WBAP3uiz8-00392-00081480-00081744 all
P2ijADAjte4-00000-00000104-00000320 computational linguistics as an
P2ijADAjte4-00001-00000321-00000566 interdisciplinary field concerned with
P2ijADAjte4-00002-00000567-00000824 the statistical or rule-based modeling
P2ijADAjte4-00003-00000825-00001037 of natural language from a computational
P2ijADAjte4-00004-00001038-00001310 perspective as well as the study of
P2ijADAjte4-00005-00001311-00001591 appropriate computational approaches to
P2ijADAjte4-00006-00001592-00001851 linguistic questions
P2ijADAjte4-00007-00001852-00002152 traditionally computational linguistics
P2ijADAjte4-00008-00002153-00002441 was performed by computer scientists who
P2ijADAjte4-00009-00002442-00002675 had specialized in the application of
P2ijADAjte4-00010-00002676-00002933 computers to the processing of a natural
P2ijADAjte4-00011-00002934-00003322 language today computational linguists
P2ijADAjte4-00012-00003323-00003490 often work as members of
P2ijADAjte4-00013-00003490-00003710 interdisciplinary teams which can
P2ijADAjte4-00014-00003711-00003992 include regular linguists experts in the
P2ijADAjte4-00015-00003993-00004268 target language and computer scientists
P2ijADAjte4-00016-00004269-00004634 in general computational linguistics
P2ijADAjte4-00017-00004635-00004870 draws upon the involvement of linguists
P2ijADAjte4-00018-00004871-00005159 computer scientists experts in
P2ijADAjte4-00019-00005160-00005429 artificial intelligence mathematicians
P2ijADAjte4-00020-00005430-00005717 logicians philosophers cognitive
P2ijADAjte4-00021-00005718-00006004 scientists cognitive psychologists
P2ijADAjte4-00022-00006005-00006284 psycholinguist s-- anthropologists and
P2ijADAjte4-00023-00006285-00006634 neuroscientists among others
P2ijADAjte4-00024-00006634-00006839 computational linguistics has
P2ijADAjte4-00025-00006840-00007114 theoretical and applied components
P2ijADAjte4-00026-00007115-00007394 theoretical computational linguistics
P2ijADAjte4-00027-00007395-00007613 focuses on issues in theoretical
P2ijADAjte4-00028-00007614-00007885 linguistics and cognitive science and
P2ijADAjte4-00029-00007886-00008123 applied computational linguistics
P2ijADAjte4-00030-00008123-00008366 focuses on the practical outcome of
P2ijADAjte4-00031-00008367-00008582 modeling human language use the
P2ijADAjte4-00032-00008583-00008803 Association for computational
P2ijADAjte4-00033-00008804-00009056 linguistics defines computational
P2ijADAjte4-00034-00009057-00009285 linguistics as
P2ijADAjte4-00035-00009286-00009516 dot the scientific study of language
P2ijADAjte4-00036-00009517-00009881 from a computational perspective
P2ijADAjte4-00037-00009882-00010134 computational linguists are interested
P2ijADAjte4-00038-00010135-00010392 in providing computational models of
P2ijADAjte4-00039-00010393-00011156 various kinds of linguistic phenomena
P2ijADAjte4-00040-00011157-00011754 topic origins
P2ijADAjte4-00041-00011755-00011998 computational linguistics has often
P2ijADAjte4-00042-00011999-00012202 grouped within the field of artificial
P2ijADAjte4-00043-00012203-00012469 intelligence but actually was present
P2ijADAjte4-00044-00012470-00012658 before the development of artificial
P2ijADAjte4-00045-00012659-00013038 intelligence computational linguistics
P2ijADAjte4-00046-00013040-00013243 originated with efforts in the United
P2ijADAjte4-00047-00013244-00013599 States in the 1950s to use computers to
P2ijADAjte4-00048-00013600-00013846 automatically translate texts from
P2ijADAjte4-00049-00013847-00014125 foreign languages particularly Russian
P2ijADAjte4-00050-00014126-00014500 scientific journals into English since
P2ijADAjte4-00051-00014501-00014691 computers can make arithmetic
P2ijADAjte4-00052-00014693-00014929 calculations much faster and more
P2ijADAjte4-00053-00014930-00015157 accurately than humans it was thought to
P2ijADAjte4-00054-00015158-00015406 be only a short matter of time before
P2ijADAjte4-00055-00015407-00015597 they could also begin to process
P2ijADAjte4-00056-00015599-00016000 language computational and quantitative
P2ijADAjte4-00057-00016001-00016269 methods are also used historically an
P2ijADAjte4-00058-00016271-00016480 attempted reconstruction of earlier
P2ijADAjte4-00059-00016481-00016702 forms of modern languages and
P2ijADAjte4-00060-00016703-00016915 subgrouping modern languages into
P2ijADAjte4-00061-00016916-00017278 language families earlier methods such
P2ijADAjte4-00062-00017279-00017488 as lexico statistics and blotto
P2ijADAjte4-00063-00017489-00017707 chronology have been proven to be
P2ijADAjte4-00064-00017708-00018099 premature and inaccurate however recent
P2ijADAjte4-00065-00018100-00018322 interdisciplinary studies which borrow
P2ijADAjte4-00066-00018323-00018577 concepts from biological studies
P2ijADAjte4-00067-00018578-00018853 especially gene mapping have proved to
P2ijADAjte4-00068-00018854-00019117 produce more sophisticated analytical
P2ijADAjte4-00069-00019118-00019378 tools and more trustworthy results when
P2ijADAjte4-00070-00019379-00019624 machine translation also known as
P2ijADAjte4-00071-00019625-00019861 mechanical translation failed to yield
P2ijADAjte4-00072-00019862-00020080 accurate translations right away
P2ijADAjte4-00073-00020081-00020368 automated processing of human languages
P2ijADAjte4-00074-00020369-00020650 was recognized as far more complex than
P2ijADAjte4-00075-00020651-00020928 had originally been assumed
P2ijADAjte4-00076-00020929-00021187 computational linguistics was born as
P2ijADAjte4-00077-00021188-00021364 the name of the new field of study
P2ijADAjte4-00078-00021365-00021637 devoted to developing algorithms and
P2ijADAjte4-00079-00021638-00021889 software for intelligently processing
P2ijADAjte4-00080-00021890-00022303 language data the term computational
P2ijADAjte4-00081-00022304-00022657 linguistics itself was first coined by
P2ijADAjte4-00082-00022658-00022908 david hayes founding member of both the
P2ijADAjte4-00083-00022909-00023137 association for computational
P2ijADAjte4-00084-00023138-00023335 linguistics and the International
P2ijADAjte4-00085-00023336-00023610 Committee on computational linguistics
P2ijADAjte4-00086-00023611-00023919 when artificial intelligence came into
P2ijADAjte4-00087-00023920-00024256 existence in the 1960s the field of
P2ijADAjte4-00088-00024257-00024514 computational linguistics became that
P2ijADAjte4-00089-00024515-00024726 subdivision of artificial intelligence
P2ijADAjte4-00090-00024727-00025037 dealing with human level comprehension
P2ijADAjte4-00091-00025038-00025319 production of natural languages in order
P2ijADAjte4-00092-00025320-00025529 to translate one language into another
P2ijADAjte4-00093-00025530-00025772 it was observed that one had to
P2ijADAjte4-00094-00025773-00026039 understand the grammar of both languages
P2ijADAjte4-00095-00026039-00026320 including both morphology the grammar of
P2ijADAjte4-00096-00026322-00026600 word forms and syntax the grammar of
P2ijADAjte4-00097-00026601-00026891 sentence structure in order to
P2ijADAjte4-00098-00026892-00027139 understand syntax one had to also
P2ijADAjte4-00099-00027141-00027416 understand the semantics and the lexicon
P2ijADAjte4-00100-00027417-00027719 or vocabulary and even something of the
P2ijADAjte4-00101-00027720-00028070 pragmatics of language use thus what
P2ijADAjte4-00102-00028070-00028280 started as an effort to translate
P2ijADAjte4-00103-00028281-00028552 between languages evolved into an entire
P2ijADAjte4-00104-00028554-00028817 discipline devoted to understanding how
P2ijADAjte4-00105-00028818-00029048 to represent and process natural
P2ijADAjte4-00106-00029049-00029306 languages using computers nowadays
P2ijADAjte4-00107-00029307-00029485 research within the scope of
P2ijADAjte4-00108-00029486-00029743 computational linguistics has done at
P2ijADAjte4-00109-00029744-00030007 computational linguistics departments
P2ijADAjte4-00110-00030008-00030272 computational linguistics laboratories
P2ijADAjte4-00111-00030273-00030502 computer science departments and
P2ijADAjte4-00112-00030504-00030911 linguistics departments some research in
P2ijADAjte4-00113-00030912-00031106 the field of computational linguistics
P2ijADAjte4-00114-00031107-00031433 aims to create working speech or text
P2ijADAjte4-00115-00031433-00031685 processing systems while others aim to
P2ijADAjte4-00116-00031686-00031927 create a system allowing human machine
P2ijADAjte4-00117-00031929-00032279 interaction programs meant for human
P2ijADAjte4-00118-00032280-00032497 machine communication are called
P2ijADAjte4-00119-00032498-00033132 conversational agents
P2ijADAjte4-00120-00033133-00033681 topic approaches
P2ijADAjte4-00121-00033682-00033996 just as computational linguistics can be
P2ijADAjte4-00122-00033997-00034248 performed by experts in a variety of
P2ijADAjte4-00123-00034249-00034494 fields and through a wide assortment of
P2ijADAjte4-00124-00034495-00034710 departments so too can the research
P2ijADAjte4-00125-00034711-00035006 fields broach a diverse range of topics
P2ijADAjte4-00126-00035007-00035319 the following sections discuss some of
P2ijADAjte4-00127-00035320-00035535 the literature available across the
P2ijADAjte4-00128-00035536-00035844 entire field broken into four main area
P2ijADAjte4-00129-00035845-00036116 of discourse developmental linguistics
P2ijADAjte4-00130-00036117-00036378 structural linguistics linguistic
P2ijADAjte4-00131-00036379-00037124 production and linguistic comprehension
P2ijADAjte4-00132-00037125-00037750 topic developmental approaches
P2ijADAjte4-00133-00037751-00038032 language as a cognitive skill which
P2ijADAjte4-00134-00038033-00038221 develops throughout the life of an
P2ijADAjte4-00135-00038222-00038578 individual this developmental process
P2ijADAjte4-00136-00038579-00038803 has been examined using a number of
P2ijADAjte4-00137-00038804-00039064 techniques and a computational approach
P2ijADAjte4-00138-00039065-00039340 as one of them human language
P2ijADAjte4-00139-00039341-00039532 development does provide some
P2ijADAjte4-00140-00039533-00039724 constraints which make it harder to
P2ijADAjte4-00141-00039725-00039967 apply a computational method to
P2ijADAjte4-00142-00039968-00040279 understanding it for instance during
P2ijADAjte4-00143-00040280-00040549 language acquisition human children are
P2ijADAjte4-00144-00040550-00040750 largely only exposed to positive
P2ijADAjte4-00145-00040751-00041080 evidence this means that during the
P2ijADAjte4-00146-00041081-00041329 linguistic development of an individual
P2ijADAjte4-00147-00041330-00041587 only evidence for what is a correct form
P2ijADAjte4-00148-00041588-00041842 is provided and not evidence for what is
P2ijADAjte4-00149-00041843-00042145 not correct this is insufficient
P2ijADAjte4-00150-00042146-00042400 information for a simple hypothesis
P2ijADAjte4-00151-00042401-00042640 testing procedure for information as
P2ijADAjte4-00152-00042641-00042895 complex as language and so provides
P2ijADAjte4-00153-00042896-00043159 certain boundaries for a computational
P2ijADAjte4-00154-00043160-00043339 approach to modeling language
P2ijADAjte4-00155-00043340-00043552 development and acquisition in an
P2ijADAjte4-00156-00043553-00043885 individual attempts have been made to
P2ijADAjte4-00157-00043886-00044134 model the developmental process of
P2ijADAjte4-00158-00044135-00044386 language acquisition in children from a
P2ijADAjte4-00159-00044387-00044626 computational angle leading to both
P2ijADAjte4-00160-00044627-00044869 statistical grammars and connectionist
P2ijADAjte4-00161-00044870-00045238 models work in this realm has also been
P2ijADAjte4-00162-00045239-00045472 proposed as a method to explain the
P2ijADAjte4-00163-00045473-00045744 evolution of language through history
P2ijADAjte4-00164-00045745-00046020 using models it has been shown that
P2ijADAjte4-00165-00046021-00046222 languages can be learned with a
P2ijADAjte4-00166-00046223-00046489 combination of simple input presented
P2ijADAjte4-00167-00046490-00046675 incrementally as the child develops
P2ijADAjte4-00168-00046676-00047016 better memory and longer attention span
P2ijADAjte4-00169-00047017-00047335 this was simultaneously posed as a
P2ijADAjte4-00170-00047336-00047614 reason for the long developmental period
P2ijADAjte4-00171-00047615-00047962 of human children both conclusions were
P2ijADAjte4-00172-00047963-00048157 drawn because of the strength of the
P2ijADAjte4-00173-00048158-00048376 artificial neural network which the
P2ijADAjte4-00174-00048377-00048775 project created the ability of infants
P2ijADAjte4-00175-00048776-00048997 to develop language has also been
P2ijADAjte4-00176-00048998-00049264 modeled using robots in order to test
P2ijADAjte4-00177-00049265-00049618 linguistic theories enabled to learn as
P2ijADAjte4-00178-00049619-00049882 children might a model was created based
P2ijADAjte4-00179-00049883-00050149 on an affordance model in which mappings
P2ijADAjte4-00180-00050150-00050449 between actions perceptions and effects
P2ijADAjte4-00181-00050450-00050760 were created and linked to spoken words
P2ijADAjte4-00182-00050761-00051031 crucially these robots were able to
P2ijADAjte4-00183-00051032-00051115 acquire
P2ijADAjte4-00184-00051116-00051315 functioning word - meaning mappings
P2ijADAjte4-00185-00051316-00051535 without needing grammatical structure
P2ijADAjte4-00186-00051536-00051808 vastly simplifying the learning process
P2ijADAjte4-00187-00051809-00052041 and shedding light on information which
P2ijADAjte4-00188-00052042-00052258 furthers the current understanding of
P2ijADAjte4-00189-00052259-00052585 linguistic development it is important
P2ijADAjte4-00190-00052586-00052807 to note that this information could only
P2ijADAjte4-00191-00052808-00053049 have been empirically tested using a
P2ijADAjte4-00192-00053050-00053386 computational approach as our
P2ijADAjte4-00193-00053387-00053578 understanding of the linguistic
P2ijADAjte4-00194-00053579-00053809 development of an individual within a
P2ijADAjte4-00195-00053810-00054082 lifetime is continually improved using
P2ijADAjte4-00196-00054083-00054319 neural networks and learning robotic
P2ijADAjte4-00197-00054320-00054591 systems it is also important to keep in
P2ijADAjte4-00198-00054592-00054847 mind that languages themselves change
P2ijADAjte4-00199-00054848-00055207 and develop through time computational
P2ijADAjte4-00200-00055208-00055402 approaches to understanding this
P2ijADAjte4-00201-00055403-00055597 phenomenon have unearthed very
P2ijADAjte4-00202-00055598-00055903 interesting information using the price
P2ijADAjte4-00203-00055904-00056142 equation and Polya urn dynamics
P2ijADAjte4-00204-00056144-00056407 researchers have created a system which
P2ijADAjte4-00205-00056408-00056653 not only predicts future linguistic
P2ijADAjte4-00206-00056654-00056892 evolution but also gives insight into
P2ijADAjte4-00207-00056894-00057154 the evolutionary history of modern-day
P2ijADAjte4-00208-00057154-00057526 languages this modeling effort achieved
P2ijADAjte4-00209-00057527-00057790 through computational linguistics what
P2ijADAjte4-00210-00057791-00058051 would otherwise have been impossible it
P2ijADAjte4-00211-00058052-00058324 is clear that the understanding of
P2ijADAjte4-00212-00058325-00058558 linguistic development in humans as well
P2ijADAjte4-00213-00058559-00058842 as throughout evolutionary time has been
P2ijADAjte4-00214-00058844-00059062 fantastically improved because of
P2ijADAjte4-00215-00059063-00059350 advances in computational linguistics
P2ijADAjte4-00216-00059351-00059740 the ability to model and modify systems
P2ijADAjte4-00217-00059741-00059977 that will afford science and ethical
P2ijADAjte4-00218-00059978-00060226 method of testing hypotheses that would
P2ijADAjte4-00219-00060227-00060874 otherwise be intractable
P2ijADAjte4-00220-00060875-00061475 topic structural approaches
P2ijADAjte4-00221-00061476-00061787 in order to create better computational
P2ijADAjte4-00222-00061788-00062038 models of language and understanding of
P2ijADAjte4-00223-00062039-00062366 languages structure is crucial to this
P2ijADAjte4-00224-00062366-00062593 end the English language has been
P2ijADAjte4-00225-00062594-00062900 meticulously studied using computational
P2ijADAjte4-00226-00062901-00063128 approaches to better understand how the
P2ijADAjte4-00227-00063129-00063487 language works on a structural level one
P2ijADAjte4-00228-00063488-00063710 of the most important pieces of being
P2ijADAjte4-00229-00063711-00063955 able to study linguistic structure as
P2ijADAjte4-00230-00063957-00064199 the availability of large linguistic
P2ijADAjte4-00231-00064200-00064540 corpora or samples this grants
P2ijADAjte4-00232-00064541-00064780 computational linguists the raw data
P2ijADAjte4-00233-00064782-00065038 necessary to run their models and gain a
P2ijADAjte4-00234-00065039-00065232 better understanding of the underlying
P2ijADAjte4-00235-00065233-00065518 structures present in the vast amount of
P2ijADAjte4-00236-00065519-00065753 data which is contained in any single
P2ijADAjte4-00237-00065754-00066110 language one of the most cited English
P2ijADAjte4-00238-00066111-00066421 linguistic corpora as the penn treebank
P2ijADAjte4-00239-00066422-00066712 derived from widely different sources
P2ijADAjte4-00240-00066713-00067004 such as IBM computer manuals and
P2ijADAjte4-00241-00067005-00067294 transcribed telephone conversations this
P2ijADAjte4-00242-00067295-00067657 corpus contains over 4.5 million words
P2ijADAjte4-00243-00067658-00068030 of American English this corpus has been
P2ijADAjte4-00244-00068031-00068309 primarily annotated using part of speech
P2ijADAjte4-00245-00068310-00068579 tagging and syntactic bracketing and has
P2ijADAjte4-00246-00068580-00068782 yielded substantial empirical
P2ijADAjte4-00247-00068783-00069001 observations related to language
P2ijADAjte4-00248-00069002-00069254 structure theoretical approaches to the
P2ijADAjte4-00249-00069255-00069493 structure of languages have also been
P2ijADAjte4-00250-00069494-00069775 developed these works allow
P2ijADAjte4-00251-00069776-00069994 computational linguistics to have a
P2ijADAjte4-00252-00069995-00070196 framework within which to work out
P2ijADAjte4-00253-00070197-00070400 hypotheses that will further the
P2ijADAjte4-00254-00070401-00070604 understanding of the language in a
P2ijADAjte4-00255-00070605-00070937 myriad of ways one of the original
P2ijADAjte4-00256-00070938-00071230 theoretical theses on internalization of
P2ijADAjte4-00257-00071231-00071425 grammar and structure of language
P2ijADAjte4-00258-00071426-00071786 proposed two types of models in these
P2ijADAjte4-00259-00071787-00072017 models rules or patterns learned
P2ijADAjte4-00260-00072018-00072262 increase in strength with the frequency
P2ijADAjte4-00261-00072263-00072611 of their encounter the work also created
P2ijADAjte4-00262-00072612-00072880 a question for computational linguists
P2ijADAjte4-00263-00072881-00073087 to answer how does an infant learn a
P2ijADAjte4-00264-00073088-00073400 specific and non normal grammar Chomsky
P2ijADAjte4-00265-00073401-00073618 normal form without learning an over
P2ijADAjte4-00266-00073619-00073915 generalized version and getting stuck
P2ijADAjte4-00267-00073916-00074171 theoretical efforts like these set the
P2ijADAjte4-00268-00074172-00074407 direction for research to go early in
P2ijADAjte4-00269-00074408-00074660 the lifetime of a field of study and are
P2ijADAjte4-00270-00074661-00074822 crucial to the growth of the
P2ijADAjte4-00271-00074823-00075161 filled structural information about
P2ijADAjte4-00272-00075162-00075428 languages allows for the discovery and
P2ijADAjte4-00273-00075429-00075704 implementation of similarity recognition
P2ijADAjte4-00274-00075705-00076055 between pairs of text utterances for
P2ijADAjte4-00275-00076056-00076304 instance it has recently been proven
P2ijADAjte4-00276-00076305-00076535 that based on the structural information
P2ijADAjte4-00277-00076536-00076786 present in patterns of human discourse
P2ijADAjte4-00278-00076787-00077060 conceptual recurrence plots can be used
P2ijADAjte4-00279-00077061-00077321 to model and visualize trends in data
P2ijADAjte4-00280-00077322-00077537 and create reliable measures of
P2ijADAjte4-00281-00077538-00077789 similarity between natural textual
P2ijADAjte4-00282-00077790-00078125 utterances this technique is a strong
P2ijADAjte4-00283-00078126-00078347 tool for further probing the structure
P2ijADAjte4-00284-00078348-00078649 of human discourse without the
P2ijADAjte4-00285-00078650-00078869 computational approach to this question
P2ijADAjte4-00286-00078870-00079202 the vastly complex information present
P2ijADAjte4-00287-00079203-00079412 in discourse data would have remained
P2ijADAjte4-00288-00079413-00079838 inaccessible to scientists information
P2ijADAjte4-00289-00079839-00080051 regarding the structural data of a
P2ijADAjte4-00290-00080052-00080288 language as available for English as
P2ijADAjte4-00291-00080289-00080632 well as other languages such as Japanese
P2ijADAjte4-00292-00080633-00080972 using computational methods Japanese
P2ijADAjte4-00293-00080973-00081224 sentence corpora were analyzed and a
P2ijADAjte4-00294-00081225-00081494 pattern of log normality was found in
P2ijADAjte4-00295-00081495-00081794 relation to sentence length though the
P2ijADAjte4-00296-00081795-00082037 exact cause of this log normality
P2ijADAjte4-00297-00082038-00082307 remains unknown it is precisely this
P2ijADAjte4-00298-00082308-00082549 sort of intriguing information which
P2ijADAjte4-00299-00082550-00082823 computational linguistics is designed to
P2ijADAjte4-00300-00082824-00083159 uncover this information could lead to
P2ijADAjte4-00301-00083160-00083366 further important discoveries regarding
P2ijADAjte4-00302-00083367-00083654 the underlying structure of Japanese and
P2ijADAjte4-00303-00083655-00083876 could have any number of effects on the
P2ijADAjte4-00304-00083877-00084244 understanding of Japanese as a language
P2ijADAjte4-00305-00084245-00084503 computational linguistics allows for
P2ijADAjte4-00306-00084504-00084698 very exciting additions to the
P2ijADAjte4-00307-00084699-00084926 scientific knowledge base to happen
P2ijADAjte4-00308-00084927-00085127 quickly and with very little room for
P2ijADAjte4-00309-00085128-00085523 doubt without a computational approach
P2ijADAjte4-00310-00085524-00085790 to the structure of linguistic data much
P2ijADAjte4-00311-00085791-00086027 of the information that is available now
P2ijADAjte4-00312-00086028-00086243 would still be hidden under the vastness
P2ijADAjte4-00313-00086244-00086599 of data within any single language
P2ijADAjte4-00314-00086600-00086819 computational linguistics allows
P2ijADAjte4-00315-00086820-00087092 scientists to parse huge amounts of data
P2ijADAjte4-00316-00087093-00087374 reliably and efficiently creating the
P2ijADAjte4-00317-00087375-00087626 possibility for discoveries unlike any
P2ijADAjte4-00318-00087627-00088328 seen in most other approaches
P2ijADAjte4-00319-00088329-00088919 topic production approaches
P2ijADAjte4-00320-00088920-00089200 the production of language as equally as
P2ijADAjte4-00321-00089201-00089405 complex in the information it provides
P2ijADAjte4-00322-00089406-00089713 and the necessary skills which a fluent
P2ijADAjte4-00323-00089714-00090025 producer must have that is to say
P2ijADAjte4-00324-00090026-00090262 comprehension is only half the problem
P2ijADAjte4-00325-00090263-00090625 of communication the other half as how a
P2ijADAjte4-00326-00090626-00090853 system produces language and
P2ijADAjte4-00327-00090854-00091115 computational linguistics has made some
P2ijADAjte4-00328-00091116-00091331 very interesting discoveries in this
P2ijADAjte4-00329-00091332-00091493 area
P2ijADAjte4-00330-00091494-00091850 in a now famous paper published in 1950
P2ijADAjte4-00331-00091851-00092114 Alan Turing proposed the possibility
P2ijADAjte4-00332-00092115-00092345 that machines might one day have the
P2ijADAjte4-00333-00092346-00092723 ability to think as a thought experiment
P2ijADAjte4-00334-00092724-00092960 for what might define the concept of
P2ijADAjte4-00335-00092961-00093211 thought in machines he proposed in
P2ijADAjte4-00336-00093212-00093626 imitation test in which a human subject
P2ijADAjte4-00337-00093627-00093950 has to text only conversations one with
P2ijADAjte4-00338-00093951-00094130 a fellow human and another with a
P2ijADAjte4-00339-00094131-00094355 machine attempting to respond like a
P2ijADAjte4-00340-00094356-00094682 human turing proposes that if the
P2ijADAjte4-00341-00094683-00094841 subject cannot tell the difference
P2ijADAjte4-00342-00094842-00095141 between the human and the machine it may
P2ijADAjte4-00343-00095142-00095387 be concluded that the machine is capable
P2ijADAjte4-00344-00095388-00095726 of thought today this test is known as
P2ijADAjte4-00345-00095727-00095936 the Turing test and it remains an
P2ijADAjte4-00346-00095937-00096155 influential idea in the area of
P2ijADAjte4-00347-00096156-00096518 artificial intelligence one of the
P2ijADAjte4-00348-00096519-00096773 earliest and best known examples of a
P2ijADAjte4-00349-00096774-00097013 computer program designed to converse
P2ijADAjte4-00350-00097014-00097253 naturally with humans as the iliza
P2ijADAjte4-00351-00097254-00097502 program developed by Joseph Weizenbaum
P2ijADAjte4-00352-00097503-00098093 at MIT in 1966 the program emulated a
P2ijADAjte4-00353-00098094-00098390 Rogerian psychotherapist when responding
P2ijADAjte4-00354-00098391-00098555 to written statements and questions
P2ijADAjte4-00355-00098556-00098737 posed by a user
P2ijADAjte4-00356-00098738-00099059 it appeared capable of understanding
P2ijADAjte4-00357-00099060-00099260 what was said to it and responding
P2ijADAjte4-00358-00099261-00099503 intelligently but in truth it simply
P2ijADAjte4-00359-00099504-00099752 followed a pattern matching routine that
P2ijADAjte4-00360-00099753-00100016 relied on only understanding a few key
P2ijADAjte4-00361-00100017-00100355 words in each sentence its responses
P2ijADAjte4-00362-00100356-00100577 were generated by recombining the
P2ijADAjte4-00363-00100578-00100772 unknown parts of the sentence around
P2ijADAjte4-00364-00100773-00101036 properly translated versions of the
P2ijADAjte4-00365-00101037-00101447 known words for example in the phrase it
P2ijADAjte4-00366-00101448-00101882 seems that you hate me Eliza understands
P2ijADAjte4-00367-00101883-00102341 you and me which matches the general
P2ijADAjte4-00368-00102342-00102728 pattern Youth some words me allowing
P2ijADAjte4-00369-00102729-00103292 Eliza to update the words you and me to
P2ijADAjte4-00370-00103293-00103667 I and you and
P2ijADAjte4-00371-00103668-00103979 replying what makes you think I hate you
P2ijADAjte4-00372-00103980-00104291 in this example Eliza has no
P2ijADAjte4-00373-00104292-00104633 understanding of the word hate but it is
P2ijADAjte4-00374-00104633-00104911 not required for a logical response in
P2ijADAjte4-00375-00104913-00105079 the context of this type of
P2ijADAjte4-00376-00105080-00105341 psychotherapy some projects are still
P2ijADAjte4-00377-00105342-00105578 trying to solve the problem which first
P2ijADAjte4-00378-00105579-00105866 started computational linguistics off as
P2ijADAjte4-00379-00105867-00106220 its own field in the first place however
P2ijADAjte4-00380-00106221-00106481 the methods have become more refined and
P2ijADAjte4-00381-00106482-00106727 clever and consequently the results
P2ijADAjte4-00382-00106728-00107000 generated by computational linguists
P2ijADAjte4-00383-00107001-00107282 have become more enlightening in an
P2ijADAjte4-00384-00107283-00107519 effort to improve computer translation
P2ijADAjte4-00385-00107520-00107758 several models have been compared
P2ijADAjte4-00386-00107759-00108065 including hidden Markov models smoothing
P2ijADAjte4-00387-00108066-00108317 techniques and the specific refinements
P2ijADAjte4-00388-00108318-00108497 of those to apply them to verb
P2ijADAjte4-00389-00108498-00108845 translation the model which was found to
P2ijADAjte4-00390-00108846-00109124 produce the most natural translations of
P2ijADAjte4-00391-00109125-00109379 German and French words was a refined
P2ijADAjte4-00392-00109380-00109585 alignment model with a first-order
P2ijADAjte4-00393-00109586-00110015 dependence and a fertility model 16 they
P2ijADAjte4-00394-00110016-00110198 also provide efficient training
P2ijADAjte4-00395-00110199-00110444 algorithms for the models presented
P2ijADAjte4-00396-00110445-00110657 which can give other scientists the
P2ijADAjte4-00397-00110658-00110873 ability to improve further on their
P2ijADAjte4-00398-00110874-00111253 results this type of work is specific to
P2ijADAjte4-00399-00111254-00111479 computational linguistics and has
P2ijADAjte4-00400-00111480-00111736 applications which could vastly improve
P2ijADAjte4-00401-00111738-00111947 understanding of how language is
P2ijADAjte4-00402-00111948-00112273 produced and comprehended by computers
P2ijADAjte4-00403-00112274-00112558 work has also been done in making
P2ijADAjte4-00404-00112559-00112802 computers produce language in a more
P2ijADAjte4-00405-00112803-00113158 naturalistic manner using linguistic
P2ijADAjte4-00406-00113159-00113410 input from humans algorithms have been
P2ijADAjte4-00407-00113411-00113659 constructed which are able to modify a
P2ijADAjte4-00408-00113660-00113930 system style of production based on a
P2ijADAjte4-00409-00113931-00114197 factor such as linguistic input from a
P2ijADAjte4-00410-00114198-00114452 human or more abstract factors like
P2ijADAjte4-00411-00114453-00114677 politeness or any of the five main
P2ijADAjte4-00412-00114678-00115016 dimensions of personality this work
P2ijADAjte4-00413-00115017-00115258 takes a computational approach via
P2ijADAjte4-00414-00115259-00115493 parameter estimation models to
P2ijADAjte4-00415-00115494-00115759 categorize the vast array of linguistic
P2ijADAjte4-00416-00115760-00116033 styles we see across individuals and
P2ijADAjte4-00417-00116033-00116282 simplify it for a computer to work in
P2ijADAjte4-00418-00116283-00116508 the same way making human-computer
P2ijADAjte4-00419-00116509-00117204 interaction much more natural
P2ijADAjte4-00420-00117205-00117875 topic text-based interactive approach
P2ijADAjte4-00421-00117876-00118175 many of the earliest and simplest models
P2ijADAjte4-00422-00118176-00118448 of human-computer interaction such as
P2ijADAjte4-00423-00118449-00118721 Eliza for example involve a text-based
P2ijADAjte4-00424-00118722-00118958 input from the user to generate a
P2ijADAjte4-00425-00118958-00119254 response from the computer by this
P2ijADAjte4-00426-00119255-00119558 method words typed by a user trigger the
P2ijADAjte4-00427-00119558-00119825 computer to recognize specific patterns
P2ijADAjte4-00428-00119826-00120079 and reply accordingly through a process
P2ijADAjte4-00429-00120080-00120720 known as keyword spotting
P2ijADAjte4-00430-00120721-00121395 topic speech based interactive approach
P2ijADAjte4-00431-00121396-00121696 recent technologies have placed more of
P2ijADAjte4-00432-00121697-00121977 an emphasis on speech based interactive
P2ijADAjte4-00433-00121978-00122356 systems these systems such as Siri of
P2ijADAjte4-00434-00122357-00122652 the iOS operating system operate on a
P2ijADAjte4-00435-00122653-00122928 similar pattern recognizing technique as
P2ijADAjte4-00436-00122929-00123177 that of text based systems but with the
P2ijADAjte4-00437-00123178-00123426 former the user input is conducted
P2ijADAjte4-00438-00123427-00123733 through speech recognition this branch
P2ijADAjte4-00439-00123733-00123994 of linguistics involves the processing
P2ijADAjte4-00440-00123995-00124239 of the user speech as sound waves and
P2ijADAjte4-00441-00124240-00124464 the interpreting of the acoustics and
P2ijADAjte4-00442-00124465-00124669 language patterns in order for the
P2ijADAjte4-00443-00124670-00125381 computer to recognize the input
P2ijADAjte4-00444-00125382-00126004 topic comprehension approaches
P2ijADAjte4-00445-00126005-00126222 much of the focus of modern
P2ijADAjte4-00446-00126223-00126442 computational linguistics as on
P2ijADAjte4-00447-00126443-00126727 comprehension with the proliferation of
P2ijADAjte4-00448-00126728-00126952 the internet and the abundance of easily
P2ijADAjte4-00449-00126953-00127207 accessible written human language the
P2ijADAjte4-00450-00127208-00127483 ability to create a program capable of
P2ijADAjte4-00451-00127483-00127714 understanding human language would have
P2ijADAjte4-00452-00127715-00127969 many broad and exciting possibilities
P2ijADAjte4-00453-00127970-00128208 including improved search engines
P2ijADAjte4-00454-00128209-00128484 automated customer service and online
P2ijADAjte4-00455-00128485-00128875 education early work in comprehension
P2ijADAjte4-00456-00128876-00129178 included applying Bayesian statistics to
P2ijADAjte4-00457-00129179-00129373 the task of optical character
P2ijADAjte4-00458-00129374-00129646 recognition as illustrated by Bledsoe
P2ijADAjte4-00459-00129647-00129982 and browing in 1959 in which a large
P2ijADAjte4-00460-00129983-00130216 dictionary of possible letters were
P2ijADAjte4-00461-00130217-00130576 generated by learning from example
P2ijADAjte4-00462-00130577-00130795 letters and then the probability that
P2ijADAjte4-00463-00130796-00130999 any one of those learned examples
P2ijADAjte4-00464-00131000-00131236 matched the new input was combined to
P2ijADAjte4-00465-00131237-00131587 make a final decision other attempts at
P2ijADAjte4-00466-00131588-00131851 applying Bayesian statistics to language
P2ijADAjte4-00467-00131852-00132127 analysis included the work of Mosteller
P2ijADAjte4-00468-00132128-00132529 and Wallis 1963 in which an analysis of
P2ijADAjte4-00469-00132530-00132745 the words used in the Federalist Papers
P2ijADAjte4-00470-00132746-00132994 was used to attempt to determine their
P2ijADAjte4-00471-00132995-00133249 authorship concluding that Madison most
P2ijADAjte4-00472-00133250-00133465 likely authored the majority of the
P2ijADAjte4-00473-00133466-00133867 papers in 1971 Terry Winograd developed
P2ijADAjte4-00474-00133868-00134055 an early natural language processing
P2ijADAjte4-00475-00134056-00134368 engine capable of interpreting naturally
P2ijADAjte4-00476-00134369-00134587 written commands within a simple rule
P2ijADAjte4-00477-00134588-00134890 governed environment the primary
P2ijADAjte4-00478-00134891-00135145 language parsing program in this project
P2ijADAjte4-00479-00135146-00135544 was called SHR dlu which was capable of
P2ijADAjte4-00480-00135545-00135742 carrying out a somewhat natural
P2ijADAjte4-00481-00135743-00135970 conversation with the user giving it
P2ijADAjte4-00482-00135971-00136207 commands but only within the scope of
P2ijADAjte4-00483-00136208-00136426 the toy environment designed for the
P2ijADAjte4-00484-00136427-00136759 task this environment consisted of
P2ijADAjte4-00485-00136760-00136990 different shaped and colored blocks and
P2ijADAjte4-00486-00136991-00137323 SHR dlu was capable of interpreting
P2ijADAjte4-00487-00137324-00137641 commands such as find a block which is
P2ijADAjte4-00488-00137642-00137881 taller than the one you are holding and
P2ijADAjte4-00489-00137882-00138147 put it into the box
P2ijADAjte4-00490-00138148-00138428 and asking questions such as I don't
P2ijADAjte4-00491-00138429-00138764 understand which pyramid you mean in
P2ijADAjte4-00492-00138765-00139089 response to the users input while
P2ijADAjte4-00493-00139090-00139362 impressive this kind of natural language
P2ijADAjte4-00494-00139363-00139581 processing has proven much more
P2ijADAjte4-00495-00139582-00139824 difficult outside the limited scope of
P2ijADAjte4-00496-00139825-00140196 the toy environment similarly a project
P2ijADAjte4-00497-00140197-00140457 developed by NASA called lunar was
P2ijADAjte4-00498-00140458-00140727 designed to provide answers to naturally
P2ijADAjte4-00499-00140728-00140941 written questions about the geological
P2ijADAjte4-00500-00140942-00141240 analysis of lunar rocks returned by the
P2ijADAjte4-00501-00141241-00141612 Apollo missions these kinds of problems
P2ijADAjte4-00502-00141613-00141982 are referred to as question answering
P2ijADAjte4-00503-00141983-00142263 initial attempts at understanding spoken
P2ijADAjte4-00504-00142264-00142533 language were based on work done in the
P2ijADAjte4-00505-00142534-00142953 1960s and 1970s in signal modeling where
P2ijADAjte4-00506-00142954-00143202 an unknown signal is analyzed to look
P2ijADAjte4-00507-00143203-00143415 for patterns and to make predictions
P2ijADAjte4-00508-00143416-00143751 based on its history an initial and
P2ijADAjte4-00509-00143752-00143968 somewhat successful approach to applying
P2ijADAjte4-00510-00143969-00144268 this kind of signal modeling to language
P2ijADAjte4-00511-00144269-00144477 was achieved with the use of hidden
P2ijADAjte4-00512-00144478-00144741 Markov models as detailed by Rebbe nur
P2ijADAjte4-00513-00144742-00145162 in 1989 this approach attempts to
P2ijADAjte4-00514-00145163-00145357 determine probabilities for the
P2ijADAjte4-00515-00145358-00145594 arbitrary number of models that could be
P2ijADAjte4-00516-00145595-00145827 being used in generating speech as well
P2ijADAjte4-00517-00145828-00146062 as modeling the probabilities for
P2ijADAjte4-00518-00146063-00146304 various words generated from each of
P2ijADAjte4-00519-00146305-00146662 these possible models similar approaches
P2ijADAjte4-00520-00146663-00146833 were employed in early speech
P2ijADAjte4-00521-00146834-00147066 recognition attempts starting in the
P2ijADAjte4-00522-00147067-00147385 late 70s at IBM using word part of
P2ijADAjte4-00523-00147386-00147661 speech pair probabilities more recently
P2ijADAjte4-00524-00147662-00147900 these kinds of statistical approaches
P2ijADAjte4-00525-00147901-00148065 have been applied to more difficult
P2ijADAjte4-00526-00148066-00148396 tasks such as topic identification using
P2ijADAjte4-00527-00148397-00148681 Bayesian parameter estimation to infer
P2ijADAjte4-00528-00148682-00149482 topic probabilities in text documents
P2ijADAjte4-00529-00149483-00150069 topic applications
P2ijADAjte4-00530-00150070-00150353 modern computational linguistics has
P2ijADAjte4-00531-00150354-00150582 often a combination of studies in
P2ijADAjte4-00532-00150583-00150836 computer science and programming math
P2ijADAjte4-00533-00150837-00151095 particularly statistics language
P2ijADAjte4-00534-00151096-00151272 structures and natural language
P2ijADAjte4-00535-00151273-00151664 processing combined these fields most
P2ijADAjte4-00536-00151665-00151913 often lead to the development of systems
P2ijADAjte4-00537-00151914-00152153 that can recognize speech and perform
P2ijADAjte4-00538-00152154-00152434 some tasks based on that speech
P2ijADAjte4-00539-00152435-00152706 examples include speech recognition
P2ijADAjte4-00540-00152707-00153004 software such as Apple's Siri feature
P2ijADAjte4-00541-00153005-00153290 spellcheck tools speech synthesis
P2ijADAjte4-00542-00153291-00153512 programs which are often used to
P2ijADAjte4-00543-00153513-00153749 demonstrate pronunciation or help the
P2ijADAjte4-00544-00153750-00153937 disabled and machine translation
P2ijADAjte4-00545-00153938-00154257 programs and websites such as google
P2ijADAjte4-00546-00154258-00154547 translate computational linguistics can
P2ijADAjte4-00547-00154548-00154769 be especially helpful in situations
P2ijADAjte4-00548-00154770-00155081 involving social media and the internet
P2ijADAjte4-00549-00155082-00155423 for example filters in chat rooms or
P2ijADAjte4-00550-00155424-00155647 unwed site searches require
P2ijADAjte4-00551-00155648-00156006 computational linguistics chat operators
P2ijADAjte4-00552-00156007-00156302 often use filters to identify certain
P2ijADAjte4-00553-00156303-00156515 words or phrases and deem them
P2ijADAjte4-00554-00156516-00156747 inappropriate so that users cannot
P2ijADAjte4-00555-00156748-00157073 submit them another example of using
P2ijADAjte4-00556-00157074-00157422 filters as on websites schools use
P2ijADAjte4-00557-00157423-00157671 filters so that websites with certain
P2ijADAjte4-00558-00157672-00157865 keywords are blocked from children to
P2ijADAjte4-00559-00157866-00158222 view there are also many programs in
P2ijADAjte4-00560-00158223-00158484 which parents use parental controls to
P2ijADAjte4-00561-00158485-00158791 put content filters in place
P2ijADAjte4-00562-00158792-00159059 computational linguists can also develop
P2ijADAjte4-00563-00159060-00159353 programs that group and organize content
P2ijADAjte4-00564-00159354-00159701 through social media mining an example
P2ijADAjte4-00565-00159702-00159984 of this as Twitter in which programs can
P2ijADAjte4-00566-00159985-00160348 group tweets by subject or keywords
P2ijADAjte4-00567-00160349-00160628 computational linguistics is also used
P2ijADAjte4-00568-00160629-00160862 for document retrieval and clustering
P2ijADAjte4-00569-00160863-00161204 when you do an online search documents
P2ijADAjte4-00570-00161205-00161447 and websites are retrieved based on the
P2ijADAjte4-00571-00161448-00161709 frequency of unique labels related to
P2ijADAjte4-00572-00161710-00162029 what you typed into a search engine for
P2ijADAjte4-00573-00162030-00162410 instance if you search read large for
P2ijADAjte4-00574-00162411-00162734 wheeled vehicle with the intention of
P2ijADAjte4-00575-00162735-00162965 finding pictures of a red truck the
P2ijADAjte4-00576-00162966-00163158 search engine will still find the
P2ijADAjte4-00577-00163159-00163407 information desired by matching
P2ijADAjte4-00578-00163408-00164316 such as four-wheeled with car
P2ijADAjte4-00579-00164317-00164922 topic subfields
P2ijADAjte4-00580-00164923-00165178 computational linguistics can be divided
P2ijADAjte4-00581-00165179-00165451 into major areas depending upon the
P2ijADAjte4-00582-00165452-00165658 medium of the language being processed
P2ijADAjte4-00583-00165659-00165973 whether spoken or textual and upon the
P2ijADAjte4-00584-00165974-00166126 task being performed
P2ijADAjte4-00585-00166127-00166378 whether analyzing language recognition
P2ijADAjte4-00586-00166379-00166728 or synthesizing language generation
P2ijADAjte4-00587-00166729-00167062 speech recognition and speech synthesis
P2ijADAjte4-00588-00167063-00167290 deal with how spoken language can be
P2ijADAjte4-00589-00167291-00167631 understood or created using computers
P2ijADAjte4-00590-00167632-00167935 parsing and generation are subdivisions
P2ijADAjte4-00591-00167936-00168196 of computational linguistics dealing
P2ijADAjte4-00592-00168197-00168454 respectively with taking language apart
P2ijADAjte4-00593-00168455-00168642 and putting it together
P2ijADAjte4-00594-00168643-00168919 machine translation remains the
P2ijADAjte4-00595-00168920-00169198 subdivision of computational linguistics
P2ijADAjte4-00596-00169199-00169450 dealing with having computers translate
P2ijADAjte4-00597-00169451-00169783 between languages the possibility of
P2ijADAjte4-00598-00169784-00170071 automatic language translation however
P2ijADAjte4-00599-00170072-00170338 has yet to be realized and remains a
P2ijADAjte4-00600-00170339-00170641 notoriously hard branch of computational
P2ijADAjte4-00601-00170642-00170860 linguistics some of the areas of
P2ijADAjte4-00602-00170861-00171027 research that are studied by
P2ijADAjte4-00603-00171028-00171387 computational linguistics include
P2ijADAjte4-00604-00171388-00171640 computational complexity of natural
P2ijADAjte4-00605-00171641-00171877 language largely modeled on automata
P2ijADAjte4-00606-00171878-00172098 theory with the application of
P2ijADAjte4-00607-00172099-00172351 context-sensitive grammar and linearly
P2ijADAjte4-00608-00172352-00172762 bounded turing machines computational
P2ijADAjte4-00609-00172763-00173035 semantics comprises defining suitable
P2ijADAjte4-00610-00173036-00173229 logics for linguistic meaning
P2ijADAjte4-00611-00173230-00173431 representation automatically
P2ijADAjte4-00612-00173432-00173632 constructing them and reasoning with
P2ijADAjte4-00613-00173633-00173959 them computer aided corpus linguistics
P2ijADAjte4-00614-00173960-00174361 which has been used since the 1970s as a
P2ijADAjte4-00615-00174362-00174610 way to make detailed advances in the
P2ijADAjte4-00616-00174611-00174997 field of discourse analysis design of
P2ijADAjte4-00617-00174998-00175216 parsers are chunker's for natural
P2ijADAjte4-00618-00175217-00175388 languages
P2ijADAjte4-00619-00175389-00175700 design of taggers like pasta Gers part
P2ijADAjte4-00620-00175701-00176084 of speech tagger x' machine translation
P2ijADAjte4-00621-00176085-00176252 as one of the earliest and most
P2ijADAjte4-00622-00176253-00176554 difficult applications of computational
P2ijADAjte4-00623-00176555-00176932 linguistics draws on many subfields
P2ijADAjte4-00624-00176933-00177166 simulation and study of language
P2ijADAjte4-00625-00177167-00177389 evolution in historical linguistics
P2ijADAjte4-00626-00177390-00178022 blotto chronology
P2ijADAjte4-00627-00178023-00178565 topic legacy
P2ijADAjte4-00628-00178566-00178874 the subject of computational linguistics
P2ijADAjte4-00629-00178875-00179135 has had a recurring impact on popular
P2ijADAjte4-00630-00179136-00179630 culture the 1983 film wargames features
P2ijADAjte4-00631-00179631-00179888 a young computer hacker who interacts
P2ijADAjte4-00632-00179889-00180073 with an artificially intelligent
P2ijADAjte4-00633-00180074-00180617 supercomputer a 1997 film conceiving ADA
P2ijADAjte4-00634-00180618-00180932 focuses on Ada Lovelace considered one
P2ijADAjte4-00635-00180933-00181199 of the first computer scientists as well
P2ijADAjte4-00636-00181200-00181510 as themes of computational linguistics
P2ijADAjte4-00637-00181511-00181895 her a 2013 film depicts a man's
P2ijADAjte4-00638-00181896-00182170 interactions with that world's first
P2ijADAjte4-00639-00182171-00182401 artificially intelligent operating
P2ijADAjte4-00640-00182402-00182638 system
P2ijADAjte4-00641-00182639-00183013 the 2014 film the imitation game follows
P2ijADAjte4-00642-00183014-00183262 the life of computer scientist Alan
P2ijADAjte4-00643-00183263-00183660 Turing developer of the Turing test the
P2ijADAjte4-00644-00183661-00183979 2015 film ex machina centers around
P2ijADAjte4-00645-00183980-00184201 human interaction with artificial
P2ijADAjte4-00646-00184202-00184452 intelligence
P2ijADAjte4-00647-00184453-00184884 equals equals see also
P6mRvvwgCRA-00000-00000065-00000216 [Music]
P6mRvvwgCRA-00001-00000217-00000634 hey guys I'm lb and I swear we're just
P6mRvvwgCRA-00002-00000635-00000751 gonna be stuck with that teller II start
P6mRvvwgCRA-00003-00000752-00000941 like I mean till Irene reformat my
P6mRvvwgCRA-00004-00000942-00001112 computer on ty well anyway it says
P6mRvvwgCRA-00005-00001113-00001420 holonomic by my Castro yeah it's been a
P6mRvvwgCRA-00006-00001421-00001541 while since I played the last one and it
P6mRvvwgCRA-00007-00001542-00001718 will be quite a while before we play the
P6mRvvwgCRA-00008-00001719-00002017 next one because I have so many requests
P6mRvvwgCRA-00009-00002018-00002392 to go through and every day I dread
P6mRvvwgCRA-00010-00002393-00002633 having to go through the requests and
P6mRvvwgCRA-00011-00002634-00002900 add them to my spreadsheet that's so
P6mRvvwgCRA-00012-00002901-00003038 that's why if you haven't received a
P6mRvvwgCRA-00013-00003039-00003211 response to your request yet it's
P6mRvvwgCRA-00014-00003213-00003511 because I'm sitting here paralyzed with
P6mRvvwgCRA-00015-00003513-00003713 fear about the amount of time it's going
P6mRvvwgCRA-00016-00003714-00003869 to take to go through that list I will
P6mRvvwgCRA-00017-00003870-00004150 do it eventually just wait patiently
P6mRvvwgCRA-00018-00004151-00004391 this one that shouldn't be so hard
P6mRvvwgCRA-00019-00004392-00004565 just a small neatly self-contained
P6mRvvwgCRA-00020-00004566-00004844 singing difficulty four out of ten and a
P6mRvvwgCRA-00021-00004845-00005000 seer 16 is plated I will have to
P6mRvvwgCRA-00022-00005001-00005270 remember to add that as a card right
P6mRvvwgCRA-00023-00005271-00005629 it started dancing balls emancipation
P6mRvvwgCRA-00024-00005630-00005849 grills remember did you see that white
P6mRvvwgCRA-00025-00005850-00006127 flash in the last area they did not have
P6mRvvwgCRA-00026-00006128-00006745 one waited cubes calibrated that's when
P6mRvvwgCRA-00027-00006747-00006902 I saw white flash I look up they're not
P6mRvvwgCRA-00028-00006903-00007123 your Oh apparently I can pass through
P6mRvvwgCRA-00029-00007125-00007262 that cuz there by walking just slightly
P6mRvvwgCRA-00030-00007263-00007498 above it uh-huh yeah I saw white flash I
P6mRvvwgCRA-00031-00007500-00007609 don't know what that was I don't know if
P6mRvvwgCRA-00032-00007611-00007805 it was in the game or who is just this
P6mRvvwgCRA-00033-00007806-00008014 thing that happens sometimes a few
P6mRvvwgCRA-00034-00008015-00008351 minutes after a restart my computer this
P6mRvvwgCRA-00035-00008352-00008567 is music
P6mRvvwgCRA-00036-00008568-00008775 let's rap at your tags they don't
P6mRvvwgCRA-00037-00008776-00009996 recognize it that is what exactly what
P6mRvvwgCRA-00038-00009997-00010515 does that go - but this is ler okay kind
P6mRvvwgCRA-00039-00010516-00010653 of hard to see from where the button is
P6mRvvwgCRA-00040-00010654-00011220 located this is a big area there's a lot
P6mRvvwgCRA-00041-00011221-00011808 of stuff going on here I'm sure it'll be
P6mRvvwgCRA-00042-00011809-00011997 simple once I actually understand what
P6mRvvwgCRA-00043-00011998-00012201 I'm doing but right now it looks rather
P6mRvvwgCRA-00044-00012202-00012552 complicated maybe it's because there's a
P6mRvvwgCRA-00045-00012553-00013415 lot of stuff in this big interesting
P6mRvvwgCRA-00046-00013416-00013427 Oh
P6mRvvwgCRA-00047-00013428-00013728 [Music]
P6mRvvwgCRA-00048-00013729-00014307 what is the best way
P6mRvvwgCRA-00049-00014308-00014441 get over there
P6mRvvwgCRA-00050-00014441-00015072 [Music]
P6mRvvwgCRA-00051-00015072-00015469 while keeping a portal here I mean so
P6mRvvwgCRA-00052-00015469-00015636 that I can step on that button and then
P6mRvvwgCRA-00053-00015637-00016221 push his cube into that room I assume
P6mRvvwgCRA-00054-00016222-00016722 maybe let's try doing this first this
P6mRvvwgCRA-00055-00016723-00016924 total service serves a dual purpose how
P6mRvvwgCRA-00056-00016925-00017849 convenient
P6mRvvwgCRA-00057-00017850-00018135 that's a neat trick but why would I want
P6mRvvwgCRA-00058-00018136-00018389 to do that Oh cuz that one can be turned
P6mRvvwgCRA-00059-00018390-00018765 off this one can't okay I see
P6mRvvwgCRA-00060-00018766-00019827 [Music]
P6mRvvwgCRA-00061-00019828-00020196 this for
P6mRvvwgCRA-00062-00020197-00020433 I genuinely do not know what that's for
P6mRvvwgCRA-00063-00020434-00020586 maybe maybe it's the way I can take the
P6mRvvwgCRA-00064-00020587-00020769 Cuban here let's let's work on that
P6mRvvwgCRA-00065-00020770-00020916 assumption for now maybe I don't need to
P6mRvvwgCRA-00066-00020917-00021159 keep on that button right now so let's
P6mRvvwgCRA-00067-00021160-00021297 just stick it with me into the other
P6mRvvwgCRA-00068-00021298-00021653 room
P6mRvvwgCRA-00069-00021654-00022213 oh come on there we go
P6mRvvwgCRA-00070-00022214-00022403 yep that allows let's get over here
P6mRvvwgCRA-00071-00022404-00022783 easily enough and then I could put it on
P6mRvvwgCRA-00072-00022784-00023311 this button or that one hmm probably
P6mRvvwgCRA-00073-00023312-00023672 won't want to do that one first right be
P6mRvvwgCRA-00074-00023673-00023743 my guess
P6mRvvwgCRA-00075-00023744-00024014 that can only be a cute button though it
P6mRvvwgCRA-00076-00024015-00024133 can only be a cube because it thank you
P6mRvvwgCRA-00077-00024134-00024276 button
P6mRvvwgCRA-00078-00024277-00025160 [Music]
P6mRvvwgCRA-00079-00025161-00026288 now my question is how did I spawn this
P6mRvvwgCRA-00080-00026289-00026489 cute before did that just that keep just
P6mRvvwgCRA-00081-00026489-00026726 Auto spawn or something and I was a pain
P6mRvvwgCRA-00082-00026727-00027070 attention I don't even remember now I
P6mRvvwgCRA-00083-00027072-00027344 don't ever even remember oh well I can
P6mRvvwgCRA-00084-00027345-00027518 oh the watch the video again that's the
P6mRvvwgCRA-00085-00027519-00027620 nice thing about reporting you can
P6mRvvwgCRA-00086-00027620-00028723 always watch back to see what happened
P6mRvvwgCRA-00087-00028724-00029370 oh I fizzle this cube right he'll
P6mRvvwgCRA-00088-00029372-00029737 respond in here then I can do what I
P6mRvvwgCRA-00089-00029738-00030165 wanted to do originally maybe yes there
P6mRvvwgCRA-00090-00030166-00030568 we go that's what I was missing so now I
P6mRvvwgCRA-00091-00030569-00030930 need to do this step on this button that
P6mRvvwgCRA-00092-00030931-00031290 was close
P6mRvvwgCRA-00093-00031291-00031452 hope I didn't need to do that
P6mRvvwgCRA-00094-00031453-00031726 particularly quickly like that I can't
P6mRvvwgCRA-00095-00031727-00031843 just walk in here set it on here I don't
P6mRvvwgCRA-00096-00031844-00032118 think it matters too much now it does
P6mRvvwgCRA-00097-00032119-00032461 concern me it's getting into the exit
P6mRvvwgCRA-00098-00032462-00032926 I'll have to go through that right cuz
P6mRvvwgCRA-00099-00032927-00033373 we have to launch now I'm even more
P6mRvvwgCRA-00100-00033374-00033589 confused what is this for then
P6mRvvwgCRA-00101-00033590-00033868 [Music]
P6mRvvwgCRA-00102-00033869-00034165 let's find out let's experiment why
P6mRvvwgCRA-00103-00034166-00034484 would I want to do
P6mRvvwgCRA-00104-00034485-00034919 well my name is terrible why would I
P6mRvvwgCRA-00105-00034920-00035045 want to do what I have done
P6mRvvwgCRA-00106-00035046-00035706 [Music]
P6mRvvwgCRA-00107-00035707-00036597 this is we cannot portal on that
P6mRvvwgCRA-00108-00036598-00037228 hmm I suppose this makes things a little
P6mRvvwgCRA-00109-00037229-00038116 better right maybe not really I can get
P6mRvvwgCRA-00110-00038117-00038407 over to here what does that button do
P6mRvvwgCRA-00111-00038408-00038572 maybe I just need a get over there and
P6mRvvwgCRA-00112-00038573-00038677 press that button maybe I'm over
P6mRvvwgCRA-00113-00038678-00039364 complicating things let's go try it it
P6mRvvwgCRA-00114-00039365-00039490 would not be the first time I've
P6mRvvwgCRA-00115-00039491-00040111 overcomplicated something
P6mRvvwgCRA-00116-00040112-00040355 okay so now we cannot go back from once
P6mRvvwgCRA-00117-00040356-00041207 became haha that explains some things
P6mRvvwgCRA-00118-00041208-00041511 there we go that makes more sense right
P6mRvvwgCRA-00119-00041512-00041857 so
P6mRvvwgCRA-00120-00041858-00042101 [Music]
P6mRvvwgCRA-00121-00042102-00042678 how do I want to do this though so don't
P6mRvvwgCRA-00122-00042679-00042792 need to do anything in this room anymore
P6mRvvwgCRA-00123-00042793-00042921 right need to get the Cubans of this
P6mRvvwgCRA-00124-00042922-00043152 room now so the whole reason I did that
P6mRvvwgCRA-00125-00043153-00043412 was to be able to get here and press the
P6mRvvwgCRA-00126-00043413-00043857 button right yeah now I don't think we
P6mRvvwgCRA-00127-00043858-00044781 need a mess with this any Oh problem is
P6mRvvwgCRA-00128-00044782-00045221 how do we get the cube in here now if I
P6mRvvwgCRA-00129-00045222-00045450 have a bowl here now
P6mRvvwgCRA-00130-00045451-00045722 [Music]
P6mRvvwgCRA-00131-00045723-00046112 I think before move the cube I might
P6mRvvwgCRA-00132-00046113-00046674 want to but how would I do it though I
P6mRvvwgCRA-00133-00046675-00047155 [Music]
P6mRvvwgCRA-00134-00047156-00047989 need the funnel to get across here right
P6mRvvwgCRA-00135-00047990-00048227 and you just like keep my portal there
P6mRvvwgCRA-00136-00048228-00048419 but I don't see a way through that right
P6mRvvwgCRA-00137-00048420-00048903 now
P6mRvvwgCRA-00138-00048904-00049473 [Music]
P6mRvvwgCRA-00139-00049474-00049680 I can keep my portal if I walk through
P6mRvvwgCRA-00140-00049681-00049952 this so maybe maybe I don't need I need
P6mRvvwgCRA-00141-00049953-00050555 that for maybe I'm done with that maybe
P6mRvvwgCRA-00142-00050556-00050730 I can just portal the cube through with
P6mRvvwgCRA-00143-00050731-00051367 this let's try it
P6mRvvwgCRA-00144-00051369-00051775 let's try it perhaps I am overthinking
P6mRvvwgCRA-00145-00051776-00051854 it again
P6mRvvwgCRA-00146-00051854-00052090 oh that was close I thought I might not
P6mRvvwgCRA-00147-00052091-00053164 have actually made it into the funnel
P6mRvvwgCRA-00148-00053165-00053516 we go
P6mRvvwgCRA-00149-00053516-00053840 [Music]
P6mRvvwgCRA-00150-00053841-00054224 yeah music sounds interesting this way
P6mRvvwgCRA-00151-00054225-00054479 right now what's the best way to get on
P6mRvvwgCRA-00152-00054480-00054780 that button
P6mRvvwgCRA-00153-00054782-00055225 I think I can can I
P6mRvvwgCRA-00154-00055226-00056190 I just have to read you this part right
P6mRvvwgCRA-00155-00056191-00056551 there we go
P6mRvvwgCRA-00156-00056552-00056750 [Music]
P6mRvvwgCRA-00157-00056751-00057072 yeah I think I think this will work
P6mRvvwgCRA-00158-00057073-00057312 [Music]
P6mRvvwgCRA-00159-00057313-00057626 but then what the queue here
P6mRvvwgCRA-00160-00057627-00058571 [Music]
P6mRvvwgCRA-00161-00058572-00058886 I want to be in there with portals while
P6mRvvwgCRA-00162-00058887-00059279 the cube is here
P6mRvvwgCRA-00163-00059280-00060050 [Music]
P6mRvvwgCRA-00164-00060051-00060391 let's let's go back with the funnel
P6mRvvwgCRA-00165-00060391-00060738 again here and I want to see what
P6mRvvwgCRA-00166-00060739-00060888 happens if I just put the funnel portal
P6mRvvwgCRA-00167-00060889-00061869 on the angle panel instead here we go
P6mRvvwgCRA-00168-00061870-00062116 seductive and
P6mRvvwgCRA-00169-00062116-00062329 let's go ahead and save here what does
P6mRvvwgCRA-00170-00062330-00062491 this do
P6mRvvwgCRA-00171-00062491-00062652 oh that's interesting
P6mRvvwgCRA-00172-00062653-00063258 [Music]
P6mRvvwgCRA-00173-00063259-00063491 and is not at all what I expected to
P6mRvvwgCRA-00174-00063492-00063701 have happen there
P6mRvvwgCRA-00175-00063702-00064186 [Music]
P6mRvvwgCRA-00176-00064187-00064469 they both a mic at the button directly
P6mRvvwgCRA-00177-00064470-00064755 that's interesting
P6mRvvwgCRA-00178-00064757-00065033 sir way I mean is it intended if I do
P6mRvvwgCRA-00179-00065034-00065173 this
P6mRvvwgCRA-00180-00065174-00065374 not that it would help at all
P6mRvvwgCRA-00181-00065375-00066368 [Music]
P6mRvvwgCRA-00182-00066369-00067334 [Music]
P6mRvvwgCRA-00183-00067335-00067833 well let's try different plan
P6mRvvwgCRA-00184-00067834-00067985 [Music]
P6mRvvwgCRA-00185-00067986-00068575 try doing that and then maybe I can do
P6mRvvwgCRA-00186-00068576-00068855 something where I take this total
P6mRvvwgCRA-00187-00068856-00069167 surface and do something I don't really
P6mRvvwgCRA-00188-00069168-00069244 know what I'm doing
P6mRvvwgCRA-00189-00069245-00069671 oh yes oh yes okay that gets a favorite
P6mRvvwgCRA-00190-00069672-00070081 for me that is deviously clever holy
P6mRvvwgCRA-00191-00070082-00071486 crap man okay don't need up to time but
P6mRvvwgCRA-00192-00071487-00071765 we can just do this look at that that is
P6mRvvwgCRA-00193-00071766-00072007 clever I love that a lot that is really
P6mRvvwgCRA-00194-00072008-00072064 good
P6mRvvwgCRA-00195-00072065-00072294 [Music]
P6mRvvwgCRA-00196-00072295-00072769 hahahaha it just suddenly snapped into
P6mRvvwgCRA-00197-00072770-00072876 place
P6mRvvwgCRA-00198-00072877-00073111 excellent excellent work my Castro I
P6mRvvwgCRA-00199-00073112-00073312 really like that right well guys as
P6mRvvwgCRA-00200-00073313-00073492 always thank you so much for watching I
P6mRvvwgCRA-00201-00073493-00073690 really appreciate AC and I'll do all
P6mRvvwgCRA-00202-00073691-00074026 Anna's and Gabanna me what else you
P6mRvvwgCRA-00203-00074027-00074275 smell that's the stench of my other
P6mRvvwgCRA-00204-00074276-00074530 discipline
P9W8XAo-gQA-00000-00000117-00000433 bioelectric Genesis is the generation of
P9W8XAo-gQA-00001-00000434-00000724 electricity by living organisms a
P9W8XAo-gQA-00002-00000725-00000973 phenomenon that belongs to the science
P9W8XAo-gQA-00003-00000974-00001503 of electrophysiology in biological cells
P9W8XAo-gQA-00004-00001504-00001734 electrochemically active transmembrane
P9W8XAo-gQA-00005-00001735-00002052 ion channel and transporter proteins
P9W8XAo-gQA-00006-00002053-00002389 such as the sodium potassium pump make
P9W8XAo-gQA-00007-00002390-00002671 electricity generation possible by
P9W8XAo-gQA-00008-00002672-00002929 maintaining a voltage imbalance from an
P9W8XAo-gQA-00009-00002930-00003168 electrical potential difference between
P9W8XAo-gQA-00010-00003169-00003369 the intracellular and extracellular
P9W8XAo-gQA-00011-00003370-00003854 space the sodium potassium pump
P9W8XAo-gQA-00012-00003855-00004099 simultaneously releases three neurons
P9W8XAo-gQA-00013-00004100-00004513 away and influxes two k ions towards the
P9W8XAo-gQA-00014-00004514-00004911 intracellular space this generates an
P9W8XAo-gQA-00015-00004912-00005179 electrical potential gradient from the
P9W8XAo-gQA-00016-00005180-00005595 uneven charge separation created the
P9W8XAo-gQA-00017-00005596-00005931 process consumes metabolic energy in the
P9W8XAo-gQA-00018-00005932-00006628 form of ATP
P9W8XAo-gQA-00019-00006629-00007427 topic bioelectric Ennis s in fish
P9W8XAo-gQA-00020-00007428-00007694 the term usually refers to the
P9W8XAo-gQA-00021-00007695-00007988 electricity generating ability in some
P9W8XAo-gQA-00022-00007989-00008282 aquatic creatures such as the electric
P9W8XAo-gQA-00023-00008283-00008596 eel electric catfish two genera of
P9W8XAo-gQA-00024-00008597-00008927 stargazers electric rays and to a lesser
P9W8XAo-gQA-00025-00008928-00009310 extent the black ghost knifefish fish
P9W8XAo-gQA-00026-00009311-00009629 exhibiting such bioelectric genesis
P9W8XAo-gQA-00027-00009630-00009908 often also possess electroreceptive
P9W8XAo-gQA-00028-00009909-00010187 abilities which are more widespread as
P9W8XAo-gQA-00029-00010188-00010555 part of an integrated electric system
P9W8XAo-gQA-00030-00010556-00010877 electro Genesis may be utilized for
P9W8XAo-gQA-00031-00010878-00011263 electrolocation self defense electro
P9W8XAo-gQA-00032-00011264-00011524 communication and sometimes the stunning
P9W8XAo-gQA-00033-00011525-00012142 of prey
P9W8XAo-gQA-00034-00012143-00013030 topic bioelectric NSS in microbial life
P9W8XAo-gQA-00035-00013031-00013394 the first examples of bioelectric genic
P9W8XAo-gQA-00036-00013394-00013730 microbial life was identified in brewers
P9W8XAo-gQA-00037-00013731-00014116 yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae by MC
P9W8XAo-gQA-00038-00014118-00014506 potter in 1911 using an early iteration
P9W8XAo-gQA-00039-00014507-00014969 of a microbial fuel cell MFC it was
P9W8XAo-gQA-00040-00014969-00015203 founded that chemical action in the
P9W8XAo-gQA-00041-00015204-00015514 breakdown of carbon such as fermentation
P9W8XAo-gQA-00042-00015515-00015787 and carbon decomposition in yeast is
P9W8XAo-gQA-00043-00015788-00016078 linked to the production of electricity
P9W8XAo-gQA-00044-00016079-00016297 decomposition of organic or inorganic
P9W8XAo-gQA-00045-00016297-00016642 carbon by bacteria is paired with the
P9W8XAo-gQA-00046-00016643-00016858 release of electrons extracellularly
P9W8XAo-gQA-00047-00016859-00017161 towards electrodes which generate
P9W8XAo-gQA-00048-00017162-00017572 electric currents the microbes released
P9W8XAo-gQA-00049-00017573-00017830 electrons are transferred by bio
P9W8XAo-gQA-00050-00017831-00018152 catalytic enzymes or redox active
P9W8XAo-gQA-00051-00018153-00018428 compounds from the cell to the anode in
P9W8XAo-gQA-00052-00018429-00018744 the presence of a viable carbon source
P9W8XAo-gQA-00053-00018745-00019087 this creates an electrical current as
P9W8XAo-gQA-00054-00019088-00019312 electrons move from a node to a
P9W8XAo-gQA-00055-00019313-00019597 physically separated cathode there are
P9W8XAo-gQA-00056-00019598-00019834 several mechanisms for extracellular
P9W8XAo-gQA-00057-00019835-00020303 electron transport some bacteria use
P9W8XAo-gQA-00058-00020304-00020603 nano wires in biofilm to transfer
P9W8XAo-gQA-00059-00020604-00020989 electrons towards the anode the nano
P9W8XAo-gQA-00060-00020990-00021224 wires are made of pili that act as a
P9W8XAo-gQA-00061-00021225-00021481 conduit for the electrons to pass
P9W8XAo-gQA-00062-00021482-00021800 towards the anode electron shuttles in
P9W8XAo-gQA-00063-00021801-00022100 the form of redox active compounds like
P9W8XAo-gQA-00064-00022101-00022480 flavin which is a cofactor also able to
P9W8XAo-gQA-00065-00022481-00022903 transport electrons these cofactors are
P9W8XAo-gQA-00066-00022904-00023206 secreted by the microbe and reduced by
P9W8XAo-gQA-00067-00023207-00023505 redox participating enzymes such as
P9W8XAo-gQA-00068-00023506-00023828 cytochrome C embedded on the microbes
P9W8XAo-gQA-00069-00023829-00024278 cell surface the reduced cofactors then
P9W8XAo-gQA-00070-00024279-00024559 transfer electrons to the anode and are
P9W8XAo-gQA-00071-00024560-00024961 oxidized in some cases electron transfer
P9W8XAo-gQA-00072-00024962-00025199 is mediated by the cellular membrane
P9W8XAo-gQA-00073-00025200-00025534 embedded redox participating and xym
P9W8XAo-gQA-00074-00025535-00026024 itself cytochrome C on the microbes cell
P9W8XAo-gQA-00075-00026025-00026300 surface directly interacts with the
P9W8XAo-gQA-00076-00026301-00026387 anode to
P9W8XAo-gQA-00077-00026388-00026695 transfer electrons electron hopping from
P9W8XAo-gQA-00078-00026697-00026983 one bacteria to another in biofilm
P9W8XAo-gQA-00079-00026985-00027197 towards an anode through their outer
P9W8XAo-gQA-00080-00027198-00027502 membrane cytochromes is also another
P9W8XAo-gQA-00081-00027504-00027776 electron transport mechanism these
P9W8XAo-gQA-00082-00027777-00028091 bacteria that transfer electrons in the
P9W8XAo-gQA-00083-00028092-00028382 microbes exterior environment are called
P9W8XAo-gQA-00084-00028383-00028742 EXO electrician's electrogenic bacteria
P9W8XAo-gQA-00085-00028743-00028995 are present in all ecosystems and
P9W8XAo-gQA-00086-00028997-00029405 environments this includes environments
P9W8XAo-gQA-00087-00029406-00029647 under extreme conditions such as
P9W8XAo-gQA-00088-00029648-00029917 hydrothermal vents and highly acidic
P9W8XAo-gQA-00089-00029918-00030218 ecosystems as well as common natural
P9W8XAo-gQA-00090-00030219-00030520 environments such as soil and lakes
P9W8XAo-gQA-00091-00030520-00030905 these electrogenic microbes are observed
P9W8XAo-gQA-00092-00030906-00031187 through the identification of microbes
P9W8XAo-gQA-00093-00031188-00031477 that reside in electro chemically active
P9W8XAo-gQA-00094-00031479-00031844 biofilms formed on MFC electrodes such
P9W8XAo-gQA-00095-00031845-00032227 as Pseudomonas aeruginosa
P9W8XAo-gQA-00096-00032228-00032608 you
P9W8XAo-gQA-00097-00032610-00033206 topic see also
P9W8XAo-gQA-00098-00033207-00033565 bio electromagnetism
P9W8XAo-gQA-00099-00033566-00034030 electric eel really a form of knife fish
P9W8XAo-gQA-00100-00034031-00034298 electric fish
P9W8XAo-gQA-00101-00034299-00034673 electric organ biology
P9W8XAo-gQA-00102-00034674-00035115 electric ray electrical phenomena in
P9W8XAo-gQA-00103-00035116-00035699 nature electro communication
P9W8XAo-gQA-00104-00035700-00035911 electrophysiology
P9W8XAo-gQA-00105-00035912-00036182 hammerhead shark
P9W8XAo-gQA-00106-00036183-00036514 magnet reception
P9W8XAo-gQA-00107-00036515-00036886 magnetosphere Allah magnetic tucum
P9W8XAo-gQA-00108-00036887-00037302 passive electrolocation in fish
P9W8XAo-gQA-00109-00037303-00037904 Xuan Ella star-nosed mole controversial
P9W8XAo-gQA-00110-00037905-00038275 weakly electric fishes
PtnjUHSIW1y-00000-00000068-00001087 [Music]
PtnjUHSIW1y-00001-00001088-00001319 because of where I grew up I typically
PtnjUHSIW1y-00002-00001320-00001504 consider summer to last from about May
PtnjUHSIW1y-00003-00001505-00001751 1st to October 1st because during that
PtnjUHSIW1y-00004-00001752-00001898 timeframe the temperature was roughly
PtnjUHSIW1y-00005-00001898-00002114 the same every single day and this
PtnjUHSIW1y-00006-00002115-00002282 summer it has been like the first summer
PtnjUHSIW1y-00007-00002283-00002456 in about 8 years that I've been
PtnjUHSIW1y-00008-00002457-00002683 completely free but there's been a bunch
PtnjUHSIW1y-00009-00002684-00002827 of ups and downs and I faced many
PtnjUHSIW1y-00010-00002828-00003043 challenges and if I could choose one
PtnjUHSIW1y-00011-00003044-00003226 word to describe the overall theme of
PtnjUHSIW1y-00012-00003227-00003401 this summer it'll be the word
PtnjUHSIW1y-00013-00003402-00003647 [Applause]
PtnjUHSIW1y-00014-00003647-00004555 [Music]
PtnjUHSIW1y-00015-00004556-00006014 [Music]
PtnjUHSIW1y-00017-00009109-00010745 [Music]
PtnjUHSIW1y-00018-00010746-00011535 you
PtnjUHSIW1y-00019-00011536-00011742 you
Pte5zNqTOag-00000-00000071-00000231 this video will introduce you to the
Pte5zNqTOag-00001-00000231-00000503 vogue archive this is a database ccad
Pte5zNqTOag-00002-00000504-00000743 subscribes to that has scanned images of
Pte5zNqTOag-00003-00000744-00000927 every issue of american vogue from the
Pte5zNqTOag-00004-00000927-00001191 very first one in 1892 to the present
Pte5zNqTOag-00005-00001192-00001350 it's an invaluable resource for fashion
Pte5zNqTOag-00006-00001351-00001519 history but also very useful for other
Pte5zNqTOag-00007-00001520-00001759 majors like graphic design or animation
Pte5zNqTOag-00008-00001760-00001934 for period details
Pte5zNqTOag-00009-00001935-00002079 there are two ways to access the vogue
Pte5zNqTOag-00010-00002080-00002263 archive you can use the list of all
Pte5zNqTOag-00011-00002264-00002431 databases by clicking from the library
Pte5zNqTOag-00012-00002432-00002695 homepage on research and then databases
Pte5zNqTOag-00013-00002696-00002823 a to z
Pte5zNqTOag-00014-00002824-00003087 you'll then click on sw and scroll down
Pte5zNqTOag-00015-00003088-00003231 to the v's
Pte5zNqTOag-00016-00003232-00003406 for vogue archive
Pte5zNqTOag-00017-00003407-00003535 the other way is through the fashion
Pte5zNqTOag-00018-00003536-00003743 libguide on the top bar if you click
Pte5zNqTOag-00019-00003744-00004022 research and then subject guides
Pte5zNqTOag-00020-00004023-00004286 then click majors and studio art
Pte5zNqTOag-00021-00004287-00004447 and then fashion design
Pte5zNqTOag-00022-00004448-00004654 it pulls up that lip guide and there's a
Pte5zNqTOag-00023-00004655-00004815 tab at the top for fashion specific
Pte5zNqTOag-00024-00004816-00005047 databases which you can click on and
Pte5zNqTOag-00025-00005048-00005335 vogue archive has its own box
Pte5zNqTOag-00026-00005336-00005518 if you're off campus you'll need to
Pte5zNqTOag-00027-00005519-00007510 authenticate before you can log
Pte5zNqTOag-00028-00007511-00007623 if you're off campus you'll need to
Pte5zNqTOag-00029-00007623-00007814 authenticate before it will take you to
Pte5zNqTOag-00030-00007815-00008055 this landing page the advanced search
Pte5zNqTOag-00031-00008056-00008255 you have some options here
Pte5zNqTOag-00032-00008256-00008399 you could browse issues by date by
Pte5zNqTOag-00033-00008400-00009071 clicking this browse issues at the top
Pte5zNqTOag-00034-00009072-00009551 here you can limit by decade
Pte5zNqTOag-00035-00009552-00009742 and then by specific issue
Pte5zNqTOag-00036-00009743-00009999 and then click view issue
Pte5zNqTOag-00037-00010000-00010135 this can be useful if you're looking for
Pte5zNqTOag-00038-00010136-00010351 general information and inspiration like
Pte5zNqTOag-00039-00010352-00010455 say you want to know what fashion was
Pte5zNqTOag-00040-00010456-00010671 like in the 1940s
Pte5zNqTOag-00041-00010672-00010855 most of the time however you'll be doing
Pte5zNqTOag-00042-00010856-00011038 searches for keywords so let's go back
Pte5zNqTOag-00043-00011039-00011271 to that advanced search page
Pte5zNqTOag-00044-00011272-00011438 at the top are a couple of boxes for
Pte5zNqTOag-00045-00011439-00011559 search terms
Pte5zNqTOag-00046-00011560-00011719 and then down below you have some index
Pte5zNqTOag-00047-00011720-00011974 search terms like company brand fashion
Pte5zNqTOag-00048-00011975-00012223 item photographer and illustrator and so
Pte5zNqTOag-00049-00012224-00012383 on
Pte5zNqTOag-00050-00012384-00012583 each of these has a link on the left
Pte5zNqTOag-00051-00012584-00013335 it's on the right that says look up fat
Pte5zNqTOag-00052-00013336-00013479 at the top here you have some boxes for
Pte5zNqTOag-00053-00013480-00013663 general keywords if you scroll down you
Pte5zNqTOag-00054-00013663-00013822 have indexed keywords that you can
Pte5zNqTOag-00055-00013823-00014071 search by things like company and brand
Pte5zNqTOag-00056-00014072-00014399 fashion item photographer and so on
Pte5zNqTOag-00057-00014400-00014615 most of these have to the right
Pte5zNqTOag-00058-00014616-00014686 a
Pte5zNqTOag-00059-00014687-00014894 link to the list of terms that are used
Pte5zNqTOag-00060-00014895-00014991 there
Pte5zNqTOag-00061-00014991-00015135 so for instance if you click this look
Pte5zNqTOag-00062-00015136-00015286 up fashion items
Pte5zNqTOag-00063-00015287-00015463 you can enter a term and see what terms
Pte5zNqTOag-00064-00015463-00015719 are used so let's put in the term skirt
Pte5zNqTOag-00065-00015719-00015911 and then do find
Pte5zNqTOag-00066-00015912-00016071 this brings up a list of all the times
Pte5zNqTOag-00067-00016072-00016230 that skirt shows up as a term that's
Pte5zNqTOag-00068-00016231-00016455 been applied to a document and the count
Pte5zNqTOag-00069-00016456-00016639 tells you how many documents exist with
Pte5zNqTOag-00070-00016640-00016847 that used
Pte5zNqTOag-00071-00016848-00017063 if you click on this box and then add to
Pte5zNqTOag-00072-00017064-00017222 your search it will put it in the search
Pte5zNqTOag-00073-00017223-00017591 box for you
Pte5zNqTOag-00074-00017592-00017791 let's do a search for revlon makeup
Pte5zNqTOag-00075-00017792-00017958 advertisements
Pte5zNqTOag-00076-00017959-00018127 i'll type revlon
Pte5zNqTOag-00077-00018128-00018335 in this first box up here
Pte5zNqTOag-00078-00018336-00018543 and then down here by document type i'll
Pte5zNqTOag-00079-00018544-00018775 select that i want advertisements and
Pte5zNqTOag-00080-00018776-00019191 then click search
Pte5zNqTOag-00081-00019192-00019303 you can see that we have a fair number
Pte5zNqTOag-00082-00019304-00019567 of results 1500 they're currently sorted
Pte5zNqTOag-00083-00019568-00019735 by relevance but i want to see the fir
Pte5zNqTOag-00084-00019736-00019967 the oldest one first so i'll pull this
Pte5zNqTOag-00085-00019968-00020439 down to oldest first
Pte5zNqTOag-00086-00020440-00020583 each of these links tells you that it's
Pte5zNqTOag-00087-00020584-00020894 an advertisement
Pte5zNqTOag-00088-00020895-00021071 and it gives you the issue
Pte5zNqTOag-00089-00021072-00021247 and date for that
Pte5zNqTOag-00090-00021248-00021430 if you click on one of these links it
Pte5zNqTOag-00091-00021431-00021622 pulls up the exact page that that
Pte5zNqTOag-00092-00021623-00021814 advertisement is found on
Pte5zNqTOag-00093-00021815-00021958 you can scroll down
Pte5zNqTOag-00094-00021959-00022175 and your search term is even highlighted
Pte5zNqTOag-00095-00022176-00022855 to make it easy to find on the page
Pte5zNqTOag-00096-00022856-00022999 at the top here you have some various
Pte5zNqTOag-00097-00023000-00023175 options of what you can do you can save
Pte5zNqTOag-00098-00023176-00023447 it as a pdf you can get a citation you
Pte5zNqTOag-00099-00023448-00023614 can email it to yourself
Pte5zNqTOag-00100-00023615-00024063 or print
Pte5zNqTOag-00101-00024064-00024263 there's also a link at the top here in
Pte5zNqTOag-00102-00024264-00024542 small font that says browse this issue
Pte5zNqTOag-00103-00024543-00024735 if you click that some controls pop up
Pte5zNqTOag-00104-00024736-00024991 above the image to let you go forward
Pte5zNqTOag-00105-00024992-00025255 and backwards in the issue or jump to a
Pte5zNqTOag-00106-00025256-00025519 specific page this can be really helpful
Pte5zNqTOag-00107-00025520-00025646 if you want to see the context of your
Pte5zNqTOag-00108-00025647-00025814 result
Pte5zNqTOag-00109-00025816-00025990 i've shown you the basics of using the
Pte5zNqTOag-00110-00025991-00026206 vogue archive if you have any questions
Pte5zNqTOag-00111-00026207-00026374 reach out to us in the library and we're
Pte5zNqTOag-00112-00026375-00026695 glad to help out
PvAh28_fIWA-00000-00000041-00000269 what up guys welcome back to the channel
PvAh28_fIWA-00001-00000270-00000539 hope everyone is doing great
PvAh28_fIWA-00002-00000540-00000916 throughout this trying times and I just
PvAh28_fIWA-00003-00000917-00001085 kind of want to make this video today
PvAh28_fIWA-00004-00001086-00001453 out of just frustration as some of you
PvAh28_fIWA-00005-00001454-00001739 guys might have heard is that uh the dam
PvAh28_fIWA-00006-00001739-00002005 officially ran out of money for the PPP
PvAh28_fIWA-00007-00002007-00002204 program which were not familiar as a
PvAh28_fIWA-00008-00002205-00002399 payment protection program where you
PvAh28_fIWA-00009-00002400-00002720 could have certain amount of funds
PvAh28_fIWA-00010-00002721-00002957 you know forgiven for you to keep your
PvAh28_fIWA-00011-00002958-00003131 business going and that's something that
PvAh28_fIWA-00012-00003132-00003461 you know we were relying on along with
PvAh28_fIWA-00013-00003461-00003847 the Eid L you can no longer apply for
PvAh28_fIWA-00014-00003848-00004154 that online either and it's just
PvAh28_fIWA-00015-00004155-00004442 frustrating because you know we went
PvAh28_fIWA-00016-00004443-00004625 through all the right processes of
PvAh28_fIWA-00017-00004626-00004820 filling these things out very quickly
PvAh28_fIWA-00018-00004821-00005204 getting all the paperwork ready hiring
PvAh28_fIWA-00019-00005205-00005351 an attorney to help us get all the
PvAh28_fIWA-00020-00005352-00005597 paperwork ready to then hearing these
PvAh28_fIWA-00021-00005598-00005915 things on television talking about that
PvAh28_fIWA-00022-00005916-00006329 you know does contact your bank and you
PvAh28_fIWA-00023-00006330-00006448 know they'll be able to help you but
PvAh28_fIWA-00024-00006450-00006644 something that they didn't talk about on
PvAh28_fIWA-00025-00006645-00006851 television was that you know there's a
PvAh28_fIWA-00026-00006852-00007159 lot of you know speculations with the
PvAh28_fIWA-00027-00007161-00007406 banks in a sense of like for a lot of
PvAh28_fIWA-00028-00007406-00007567 the banks that did have these loans
PvAh28_fIWA-00029-00007568-00007859 available you'd have to have a business
PvAh28_fIWA-00030-00007859-00008053 checking account with them before
PvAh28_fIWA-00031-00008054-00008399 February 15 2020 so for us the left is
PvAh28_fIWA-00032-00008400-00008588 just one bank and that's we banquet that
PvAh28_fIWA-00033-00008589-00008899 was Capital One and until today I have
PvAh28_fIWA-00034-00008900-00009119 not been able to talk to anyone there or
PvAh28_fIWA-00035-00009120-00009371 heard back from my inquiries towards the
PvAh28_fIWA-00036-00009372-00009667 PPP we ended up also reaching out to TD
PvAh28_fIWA-00037-00009668-00010028 Bank to do something with them and you
PvAh28_fIWA-00038-00010029-00010277 know never heard back from them and this
PvAh28_fIWA-00039-00010278-00010460 whole time of having spending all the
PvAh28_fIWA-00040-00010461-00010883 time putting that paperwork together it
PvAh28_fIWA-00041-00010884-00011078 was just frustrating to turn on the news
PvAh28_fIWA-00042-00011079-00011428 today and see you know that they're out
PvAh28_fIWA-00043-00011429-00011656 of money and I guess the thing that's
PvAh28_fIWA-00044-00011657-00012163 more frustrating for me is knowing other
PvAh28_fIWA-00045-00012164-00012424 local businesses here they are doing
PvAh28_fIWA-00046-00012425-00012628 know fairly well right now pretty much
PvAh28_fIWA-00047-00012629-00012949 no difference in their business with the
PvAh28_fIWA-00048-00012950-00013182 impact of what's happening
PvAh28_fIWA-00049-00013183-00013486 getting approved for these loans and you
PvAh28_fIWA-00050-00013487-00013771 know the frustration of like you know
PvAh28_fIWA-00051-00013772-00013987 I've heard so many people that applied
PvAh28_fIWA-00052-00013988-00014191 for these loans and apply for the help
PvAh28_fIWA-00053-00014191-00014422 when they didn't need help but apply
PvAh28_fIWA-00054-00014422-00014683 because of the concept it was free money
PvAh28_fIWA-00055-00014684-00015010 and you know for someone that's trying
PvAh28_fIWA-00056-00015011-00015283 to grow their business and having you
PvAh28_fIWA-00057-00015284-00015487 know almost twenty five thousand dollars
PvAh28_fIWA-00058-00015488-00015760 of projects being pulled away from you
PvAh28_fIWA-00059-00015761-00016009 you're being put on hold and having
PvAh28_fIWA-00060-00016010-00016338 credit card payments that are due and
PvAh28_fIWA-00061-00016338-00016585 you know having to dig into your own
PvAh28_fIWA-00062-00016586-00016786 personal financing to be able to cover
PvAh28_fIWA-00063-00016787-00017146 those cost it's really frustrating you
PvAh28_fIWA-00064-00017147-00017464 know the whole process of you know being
PvAh28_fIWA-00065-00017465-00017824 an entrepreneur signing up for you know
PvAh28_fIWA-00066-00017825-00018181 the the payroll the unemployment stuff
PvAh28_fIWA-00067-00018182-00018415 for the first week and a half I couldn't
PvAh28_fIWA-00068-00018416-00018631 fill out those things because I was
PvAh28_fIWA-00069-00018632-00018817 scared of the wording they used in there
PvAh28_fIWA-00070-00018818-00019051 because I was self-employed and you know
PvAh28_fIWA-00071-00019052-00019252 having any guidance on you know how to
PvAh28_fIWA-00072-00019253-00019402 fill out those things it's really
PvAh28_fIWA-00073-00019403-00019753 frustrating when you know you're not
PvAh28_fIWA-00074-00019754-00019918 seeing that money come in and you hear
PvAh28_fIWA-00075-00019919-00020038 about all these different people that
PvAh28_fIWA-00076-00020039-00020224 are just in great situations and they're
PvAh28_fIWA-00077-00020225-00020404 ready getting those money the same thing
PvAh28_fIWA-00078-00020405-00020656 for the stimulus check you know logging
PvAh28_fIWA-00079-00020657-00021091 on doing all the stuff and not getting
PvAh28_fIWA-00080-00021092-00021412 my stimulus check and seeing how these
PvAh28_fIWA-00081-00021413-00021580 other people and I call them in great
PvAh28_fIWA-00082-00021581-00021763 conditions me can't really tell what
PvAh28_fIWA-00083-00021764-00022033 conditions people are in but man that's
PvAh28_fIWA-00084-00022034-00022396 frustrating so you know there's really
PvAh28_fIWA-00085-00022397-00022528 nothing much that I can do about that
PvAh28_fIWA-00086-00022529-00022714 other than just keep doing what I'm
PvAh28_fIWA-00087-00022715-00023002 doing with my business but I feel like a
PvAh28_fIWA-00088-00023003-00023125 lot of you guys might be in the same
PvAh28_fIWA-00089-00023126-00023341 situation as me so I just want to tell
PvAh28_fIWA-00090-00023342-00023518 you guys about what I've been doing
PvAh28_fIWA-00091-00023519-00023836 preparing myself for this first of all I
PvAh28_fIWA-00092-00023837-00024262 am holding onto all of my cash all of my
PvAh28_fIWA-00093-00024263-00024424 cash I'm holding on to as long as they
PvAh28_fIWA-00094-00024425-00024697 can I'm making every purchase possible
PvAh28_fIWA-00095-00024698-00025063 that I can on credit cards I'm finding
PvAh28_fIWA-00096-00025064-00025204 out which one my credit cards have the
PvAh28_fIWA-00097-00025205-00025441 lures the lowest interest rates and then
PvAh28_fIWA-00098-00025442-00025768 I'm also contacting all my credit card
PvAh28_fIWA-00099-00025769-00026026 providers and asking them to defer my
PvAh28_fIWA-00100-00026027-00026239 payment for at least two to three months
PvAh28_fIWA-00101-00026239-00026455 as we able to catch up and through that
PvAh28_fIWA-00102-00026456-00026485 or
PvAh28_fIWA-00103-00026486-00026742 kind of just spacing them out throughout
PvAh28_fIWA-00104-00026743-00026917 like hey which one they need to get
PvAh28_fIWA-00105-00026918-00027079 which one needs to get paid in two
PvAh28_fIWA-00106-00027080-00027217 months who needs to get paid in three
PvAh28_fIWA-00107-00027218-00027396 months and I'm pretty much budgeting
PvAh28_fIWA-00108-00027397-00027601 those out to give me some sort of
PvAh28_fIWA-00109-00027602-00027802 leverage I was pacing all those credit
PvAh28_fIWA-00110-00027802-00027976 cards so I have a little bit of
PvAh28_fIWA-00111-00027977-00028207 breathing room now it's really easy for
PvAh28_fIWA-00112-00028208-00028282 you to do this
PvAh28_fIWA-00113-00028283-00028435 you just gotta call your bank tell me
PvAh28_fIWA-00114-00028436-00028648 you've been affected by the kovat and
PvAh28_fIWA-00115-00028649-00028852 that you're asking for some sort of
PvAh28_fIWA-00116-00028852-00029124 assistance and if they could defer your
PvAh28_fIWA-00117-00029125-00029395 payment I was lucky enough for my first
PvAh28_fIWA-00118-00029395-00029683 credit card they gave me they deferred
PvAh28_fIWA-00119-00029683-00029911 me for two months did not charge any
PvAh28_fIWA-00120-00029912-00030055 interest and this is something else
PvAh28_fIWA-00121-00030056-00030267 not everyone's doing it anymore because
PvAh28_fIWA-00122-00030268-00030567 everyone's asking for this but uh ask
PvAh28_fIWA-00123-00030568-00030805 them if it they you know could remove
PvAh28_fIWA-00124-00030806-00030951 the interest part because a lot of
PvAh28_fIWA-00125-00030952-00031114 credit cards are charging you seventeen
PvAh28_fIWA-00126-00031114-00031383 to even 25% of interest and you know if
PvAh28_fIWA-00127-00031384-00031617 you have a two thousand dollar bill and
PvAh28_fIWA-00128-00031618-00031758 you're gonna get charged five hundred
PvAh28_fIWA-00129-00031759-00031810 bucks
PvAh28_fIWA-00130-00031811-00031989 the next month on an interest like
PvAh28_fIWA-00131-00031990-00032139 that's crazy when you're not
PvAh28_fIWA-00132-00032140-00032412 making any money like it's ridiculous to
PvAh28_fIWA-00133-00032413-00032695 me so see if you can get that deferred
PvAh28_fIWA-00134-00032695-00032901 make sure that they're not gonna put
PvAh28_fIWA-00135-00032902-00033064 this in your credit that you're gonna be
PvAh28_fIWA-00136-00033065-00033286 that you're gonna stay current you know
PvAh28_fIWA-00137-00033287-00033442 these are all things you just have to be
PvAh28_fIWA-00138-00033443-00033643 able to negotiate with them on not
PvAh28_fIWA-00139-00033644-00033840 everyone's doing that but that's
PvAh28_fIWA-00140-00033841-00034135 something that really helped out I was a
PvAh28_fIWA-00141-00034136-00034383 contacted my cell phone company see if
PvAh28_fIWA-00142-00034384-00034576 they can what they could do you know
PvAh28_fIWA-00143-00034577-00034807 pretty much I'm trying to you know free
PvAh28_fIWA-00144-00034808-00035118 up as much cash as possible so contact
PvAh28_fIWA-00145-00035119-00035311 the cell phone company I contacted my
PvAh28_fIWA-00146-00035312-00035548 car payment they push my payments back
PvAh28_fIWA-00147-00035549-00035701 all the way to September which is
PvAh28_fIWA-00148-00035702-00035998 awesome paying very little interest on
PvAh28_fIWA-00149-00035999-00036229 that so I'm okay with that
PvAh28_fIWA-00150-00036230-00036402 and then they'll talk to your landlord
PvAh28_fIWA-00151-00036403-00036595 you know I'm lucky enough that I live
PvAh28_fIWA-00152-00036596-00036720 with someone that's pretty cool and
PvAh28_fIWA-00153-00036721-00036921 they're being very flexible with me and
PvAh28_fIWA-00154-00036922-00037230 not everyone is in a situation so I know
PvAh28_fIWA-00155-00037231-00037383 these are trying times for a lot of
PvAh28_fIWA-00156-00037384-00037599 people but honestly I wear this shirt so
PvAh28_fIWA-00157-00037600-00037939 no one cares at all and I think it's
PvAh28_fIWA-00158-00037940-00038193 pretty funny because it's kind of how
PvAh28_fIWA-00159-00038194-00038476 you feel on a situation like this
PvAh28_fIWA-00160-00038477-00038782 because you know you're sitting here
PvAh28_fIWA-00161-00038783-00039042 waiting for the government to help you
PvAh28_fIWA-00162-00039043-00039192 because you know you're doing all the
PvAh28_fIWA-00163-00039193-00039432 right things and you pay you taxes and
PvAh28_fIWA-00164-00039433-00039698 then you have this type of occasion
PvAh28_fIWA-00165-00039699-00039971 where you know this free money system
PvAh28_fIWA-00166-00039972-00040151 that they're telling you to just go on
PvAh28_fIWA-00167-00040152-00040379 the website and apply and it's not that
PvAh28_fIWA-00168-00040380-00040589 simple it's like hey go look at these
PvAh28_fIWA-00169-00040590-00040847 banks and you know go apply through them
PvAh28_fIWA-00170-00040848-00041066 when you get to these banks or you have
PvAh28_fIWA-00171-00041067-00041174 to have a business account with those
PvAh28_fIWA-00172-00041175-00041492 before you know February 15 20 20 free
PvAh28_fIWA-00173-00041493-00041693 to we apply or we're gonna you know
PvAh28_fIWA-00174-00041694-00041936 service these other people later so it's
PvAh28_fIWA-00175-00041937-00042128 like it just doesn't seem fair and
PvAh28_fIWA-00176-00042129-00042401 there's just so frustrating and honest
PvAh28_fIWA-00177-00042402-00042721 tears needed you know to to vent um
PvAh28_fIWA-00178-00042722-00043025 because it's tough it's really tough but
PvAh28_fIWA-00179-00043026-00043190 I know a lot of you guys are probably
PvAh28_fIWA-00180-00043191-00043433 going through the same thing so the only
PvAh28_fIWA-00181-00043434-00043592 thing could tell you now it's like you
PvAh28_fIWA-00182-00043593-00043913 know hold on to your cash as long as you
PvAh28_fIWA-00183-00043914-00044159 can if you have credit cards try to
PvAh28_fIWA-00184-00044160-00044363 utilize them I'm not saying get yourself
PvAh28_fIWA-00185-00044364-00044528 into credit card debt if you're smart
PvAh28_fIWA-00186-00044529-00044720 with it you know in you know you know
PvAh28_fIWA-00187-00044721-00045005 the things are you able to do don't get
PvAh28_fIWA-00188-00045006-00045257 yourself down a hole but you know these
PvAh28_fIWA-00189-00045258-00045404 are tough times and you got to be smart
PvAh28_fIWA-00190-00045405-00045542 about your money
PvAh28_fIWA-00191-00045543-00045752 there's also hard being on the no
PvAh28_fIWA-00192-00045753-00045953 production side of things where you are
PvAh28_fIWA-00193-00045954-00046184 limited to the the type of jobs that you
PvAh28_fIWA-00194-00046185-00046430 can do and the kind of work that you can
PvAh28_fIWA-00195-00046431-00046589 then you have people are trying to take
PvAh28_fIWA-00196-00046590-00046802 advantage of that and wanting you to you
PvAh28_fIWA-00197-00046803-00047045 know do a lot of work for very little
PvAh28_fIWA-00198-00047046-00047351 money because of the situation and you
PvAh28_fIWA-00199-00047352-00047486 know it kind of puts you against the
PvAh28_fIWA-00200-00047487-00047888 wall so stay positive guys work on the
PvAh28_fIWA-00201-00047889-00048071 things that you didn't have time to you
PvAh28_fIWA-00202-00048072-00048197 know I'm trying to make more YouTube
PvAh28_fIWA-00203-00048198-00048440 content now just because of this that's
PvAh28_fIWA-00204-00048441-00048662 something that I'm passionate about but
PvAh28_fIWA-00205-00048663-00048893 you know you stick to it
PvAh28_fIWA-00206-00048894-00049103 no let me know how you guys are dealing
PvAh28_fIWA-00207-00049104-00049310 with this I love to know if there's
PvAh28_fIWA-00208-00049311-00049514 anything that I could possibly do to
PvAh28_fIWA-00209-00049515-00049751 help you know I'm not making money so I
PvAh28_fIWA-00210-00049752-00049988 can't give you any money but if you want
PvAh28_fIWA-00211-00049989-00050204 to talk how I mean man I hope you guys
PvAh28_fIWA-00212-00050205-00050504 have an awesome day peace
PzNSNNPG0Yu-00000-00000114-00000563 I can serve you plenty of plums oranges
PzNSNNPG0Yu-00001-00000564-00000928 raw fish and a
PzNSNNPG0Yu-00002-00000930-00001097 boric acid
PzNSNNPG0Yu-00003-00001098-00002156 for dessert if you're good
PzNSNNPG0Yu-00004-00002157-00005017 [Music]
PzNSNNPG0Yu-00005-00005018-00005488 thank you
PzNSNNPG0Yu-00006-00005489-00007014 [Music]
PzNSNNPG0Yu-00007-00007015-00007828 [Music]
PzNSNNPG0Yu-00008-00007829-00007940 foreign
PzNSNNPG0Yu-00009-00007941-00009301 [Music]
PzNSNNPG0Yu-00010-00009302-00009432 [Applause]
PzNSNNPG0Yu-00011-00009433-00012131 [Music]
PzNSNNPG0Yu-00012-00012132-00012342 should I hide before
PzNSNNPG0Yu-00013-00012343-00013562 [Music]
PzNSNNPG0Yu-00014-00013563-00013785 [Applause]
PzNSNNPG0Yu-00015-00013786-00014825 [Music]
PzNSNNPG0Yu-00016-00014826-00015428 I can't I can't go on I can't go on
PzNSNNPG0Yu-00017-00015429-00016739 [Music]
PzNSNNPG0Yu-00018-00016740-00017600 I'm sweating
PzNSNNPG0Yu-00019-00017601-00018022 [Applause]
PzNSNNPG0Yu-00020-00018023-00018377 I have to end the Stream
PzNSNNPG0Yu-00021-00018378-00019114 in the Stream
PzNSNNPG0Yu-00022-00019115-00019943 [Music]
P-jMHxbO-IU-00000-00000413-00000704 hey guys spin for me to play games and
P-jMHxbO-IU-00001-00000705-00000815 today I'm giving you another deck
P-jMHxbO-IU-00002-00000816-00001064 profile today we're giving you son Goku
P-jMHxbO-IU-00003-00001065-00001303 yellow lead oh he's really strong
P-jMHxbO-IU-00004-00001304-00001504 especially with mecha freeze being
P-jMHxbO-IU-00005-00001505-00001990 rotated that's coming I find him just a
P-jMHxbO-IU-00006-00001991-00002156 really strong leader just because it's
P-jMHxbO-IU-00007-00002157-00002288 one of those leaders that doesn't really
P-jMHxbO-IU-00008-00002289-00002597 need a lot to get it running Wow
P-jMHxbO-IU-00009-00002598-00002855 so son Goku activate mean once per turn
P-jMHxbO-IU-00010-00002856-00003049 look at the top 10 cards you deck and a
P-jMHxbO-IU-00011-00003050-00003335 Ballmer eye so it can't be like Ballmer
P-jMHxbO-IU-00012-00003336-00003542 future has to be Ballmer and then add it
P-jMHxbO-IU-00013-00003543-00003604 to hane
P-jMHxbO-IU-00014-00003605-00003881 it's gonna wake your wake and fall but
P-jMHxbO-IU-00015-00003882-00004195 you I do you switch to any here which is
P-jMHxbO-IU-00016-00004196-00004327 actually kind of the benefit in a way
P-jMHxbO-IU-00017-00004328-00004559 just because the way we run this day so
P-jMHxbO-IU-00018-00004560-00004829 of course we play four of the youthful
P-jMHxbO-IU-00019-00004830-00005063 Ballmer for an hour Ballmer target and
P-jMHxbO-IU-00020-00005064-00005309 followed that god tempter as well just
P-jMHxbO-IU-00021-00005310-00005438 because you want to get some extra blue
P-jMHxbO-IU-00022-00005439-00005620 in there because you know yellow blue is
P-jMHxbO-IU-00023-00005621-00005750 kind of one of the strongest things in
P-jMHxbO-IU-00024-00005751-00006184 its format I am in my opinion see ya for
P-jMHxbO-IU-00025-00006185-00006461 youthful Ballmer very strong card could
P-jMHxbO-IU-00026-00006462-00006704 one turn play good fourth turn play good
P-jMHxbO-IU-00027-00006705-00006934 game game one manager icon always gonna
P-jMHxbO-IU-00028-00006936-00007172 be good I'll replace three point of
P-jMHxbO-IU-00029-00007173-00007325 Virginia we don't play for you don't
P-jMHxbO-IU-00030-00007326-00007573 need for because it feels like you know
P-jMHxbO-IU-00031-00007575-00007681 when you played late-game
P-jMHxbO-IU-00032-00007683-00007850 you've not really just you paint one
P-jMHxbO-IU-00033-00007851-00008069 mana to search something well most times
P-jMHxbO-IU-00034-00008070-00008240 of cards out there will be like one
P-jMHxbO-IU-00035-00008241-00008534 manner have a 5k on the field and you
P-jMHxbO-IU-00036-00008535-00008696 know draw something what this searches
P-jMHxbO-IU-00037-00008697-00008999 out something but it's it's unnecessary
P-jMHxbO-IU-00038-00009000-00009149 and you can forget their late game
P-jMHxbO-IU-00039-00009150-00009433 anyways if you don't then bad my face I
P-jMHxbO-IU-00040-00009434-00009820 play for no I opinions son-goku
P-jMHxbO-IU-00041-00009821-00010094 this is your main awakening but it's
P-jMHxbO-IU-00042-00010095-00010325 also part of your engine as well so we
P-jMHxbO-IU-00043-00010326-00010484 kind of like max down on the go through
P-jMHxbO-IU-00044-00010485-00010778 like the child go cruise as much as we
P-jMHxbO-IU-00045-00010779-00010970 could just so we could get the most out
P-jMHxbO-IU-00046-00010971-00011228 of it so during your turn when you
P-jMHxbO-IU-00047-00011229-00011402 convoy like this it comes down to the
P-jMHxbO-IU-00048-00011403-00011750 field and after after Converse you can
P-jMHxbO-IU-00049-00011751-00011936 take a life so usually you want to play
P-jMHxbO-IU-00050-00011937-00012074 them around like turn three in combo a
P-jMHxbO-IU-00051-00012075-00012344 few are awake in and then like so you
P-jMHxbO-IU-00052-00012345-00012494 can like combo to because people sit you
P-jMHxbO-IU-00053-00012495-00012677 at six because you know you that you're
P-jMHxbO-IU-00054-00012678-00012946 running these then you flip over feeling
P-jMHxbO-IU-00055-00012947-00013065 you just play these for free with
P-jMHxbO-IU-00056-00013066-00013341 in case it's greatest and yeah they're
P-jMHxbO-IU-00057-00013341-00013544 just great awakening did any bad thing
P-jMHxbO-IU-00058-00013546-00013806 about them is that arm like when you
P-jMHxbO-IU-00059-00013807-00013980 combo with him it's a it's in your
P-jMHxbO-IU-00060-00013981-00014178 opponent's turn you can't actually just
P-jMHxbO-IU-00061-00014179-00014508 leave one field only when it's your turn
P-jMHxbO-IU-00062-00014509-00014738 of course for from a salties card
P-jMHxbO-IU-00063-00014740-00015029 explosive spirit son-goku
P-jMHxbO-IU-00064-00015030-00015279 you know suggestion we see out it's just
P-jMHxbO-IU-00065-00015280-00015408 the strongest thing ever
P-jMHxbO-IU-00066-00015409-00015638 you know people don't push the game I
P-jMHxbO-IU-00067-00015640-00015828 know like barriers still think doesn't
P-jMHxbO-IU-00068-00015829-00016050 kill Marriott but these guys don't know
P-jMHxbO-IU-00069-00016051-00016400 this card it's a 10k look at a three job
P-jMHxbO-IU-00070-00016401-00016659 with Barry off when this card answers
P-jMHxbO-IU-00071-00016660-00016862 play you can pop something in rest mode
P-jMHxbO-IU-00072-00016863-00017121 and then at the end of the turn you can
P-jMHxbO-IU-00073-00017122-00017286 actually switch it to attack which kind
P-jMHxbO-IU-00074-00017287-00017469 of like goes along with the other side
P-jMHxbO-IU-00075-00017470-00017568 of the Lina which I haven't actually
P-jMHxbO-IU-00076-00017569-00017805 explained you so uncontrollable gradate
P-jMHxbO-IU-00077-00017806-00018159 son Goku activate main choose one of
P-jMHxbO-IU-00078-00018160-00018435 your battle cards and switch it to rest
P-jMHxbO-IU-00079-00018436-00018621 mode choose up to one of your opponent's
P-jMHxbO-IU-00080-00018622-00018786 battle cards and switch it to the rest
P-jMHxbO-IU-00081-00018787-00018978 mode then choose up to one of your
P-jMHxbO-IU-00082-00018979-00019218 opponent's battle cards in rest mode and
P-jMHxbO-IU-00083-00019219-00019422 that card came out add to the active
P-jMHxbO-IU-00084-00019423-00019722 term active during the next hour rest
P-jMHxbO-IU-00085-00019723-00020136 change step also you know you swing draw
P-jMHxbO-IU-00086-00020137-00020358 a card but so there's really neat combo
P-jMHxbO-IU-00087-00020359-00020643 so you feel like she gets these out so I
P-jMHxbO-IU-00088-00020644-00020819 kill things all right or just play them
P-jMHxbO-IU-00089-00020820-00021063 take a like tap this with disability and
P-jMHxbO-IU-00090-00021064-00021276 then like tap one of their stuff I know
P-jMHxbO-IU-00091-00021277-00021441 like various still a thing but you know
P-jMHxbO-IU-00092-00021442-00021648 you're talking you there are things out
P-jMHxbO-IU-00093-00021649-00021846 and then like you can keep their stuff
P-jMHxbO-IU-00094-00021847-00022002 tapped and then the end of eternity
P-jMHxbO-IU-00095-00022003-00022302 stands really strong like you know being
P-jMHxbO-IU-00096-00022303-00022476 up to like whole deck kales off and
P-jMHxbO-IU-00097-00022477-00022739 everything hold off like let's say are
P-jMHxbO-IU-00098-00022740-00022989 like really big beat is that you can't
P-jMHxbO-IU-00099-00022990-00023316 really deal with like the late game so
P-jMHxbO-IU-00100-00023317-00023433 yeah just being you have to do that's
P-jMHxbO-IU-00101-00023434-00023985 great playing for first best in the gate
P-jMHxbO-IU-00102-00023986-00024255 in the game right now flying Nimbus of
P-jMHxbO-IU-00103-00024256-00024438 course you know you can digit card
P-jMHxbO-IU-00104-00024439-00024735 pitcher yellow card and negate the
P-jMHxbO-IU-00105-00024736-00024852 attack and then they can merely attack
P-jMHxbO-IU-00106-00024853-00024932 with one more battle
P-jMHxbO-IU-00107-00024933-00025160 so you can really punish place because
P-jMHxbO-IU-00108-00025161-00025298 what they'll do they'll like spring fun
P-jMHxbO-IU-00109-00025299-00025574 babakov and then they'll like they'll
P-jMHxbO-IU-00110-00025575-00025712 swing earthly the first to get the draw
P-jMHxbO-IU-00111-00025713-00025939 but you can just negate it and then they
P-jMHxbO-IU-00112-00025941-00026075 can only swim with one battle card
P-jMHxbO-IU-00113-00026076-00026264 because like if they swing with like a
P-jMHxbO-IU-00114-00026264-00026651 battle card then they can still swing
P-jMHxbO-IU-00115-00026652-00026786 with leader and then swing with another
P-jMHxbO-IU-00116-00026787-00027058 one cause we play to crushable just
P-jMHxbO-IU-00117-00027060-00027338 because you're like monkey line up like
P-jMHxbO-IU-00118-00027339-00027427 if they play march
P-jMHxbO-IU-00119-00027429-00027686 you can like crushable there are there
P-jMHxbO-IU-00120-00027687-00027877 monkeys and they come in rest mode it's
P-jMHxbO-IU-00121-00027879-00028061 kind of strong in that way unless they
P-jMHxbO-IU-00122-00028062-00028229 do have planet to zero just means they
P-jMHxbO-IU-00123-00028230-00028385 can't swing with them so it's really
P-jMHxbO-IU-00124-00028386-00028895 strong so of course you know playing a
P-jMHxbO-IU-00125-00028895-00029087 really big if you monkey line playing
P-jMHxbO-IU-00126-00029088-00029531 for Lord of the gradates to the data you
P-jMHxbO-IU-00127-00029532-00029735 know it searches five drop or lastly the
P-jMHxbO-IU-00128-00029736-00029924 opposite search these two that's all you
P-jMHxbO-IU-00129-00029925-00030191 really need to searching a stick um play
P-jMHxbO-IU-00130-00030192-00030422 three of the absolute great ape King
P-jMHxbO-IU-00131-00030423-00030739 Vegeta you know everyone knows is can't
P-jMHxbO-IU-00132-00030741-00030914 make a freeze until this part it's
P-jMHxbO-IU-00133-00030914-00030974 amazing
P-jMHxbO-IU-00134-00030975-00031244 gives all your scenes blocker so like
P-jMHxbO-IU-00135-00031245-00031418 not only are you like you're giving like
P-jMHxbO-IU-00136-00031419-00031607 these blocker you're also giving like
P-jMHxbO-IU-00137-00031608-00031793 well you're always saying so it's like
P-jMHxbO-IU-00138-00031794-00031949 you're giving this block a this block as
P-jMHxbO-IU-00139-00031950-00032279 well I'm not like a barrier sorry like
P-jMHxbO-IU-00140-00032280-00032501 you can't even give you Shi dish burial
P-jMHxbO-IU-00141-00032502-00032821 if you really want it but you know I
P-jMHxbO-IU-00142-00032822-00033086 don't ever see anyone actually playing
P-jMHxbO-IU-00143-00033087-00033392 this but yeah great card double strike
P-jMHxbO-IU-00144-00033393-00033769 25k swing free stand with plant vegeta
P-jMHxbO-IU-00145-00033770-00034208 playing raging great ape son Goku so um
P-jMHxbO-IU-00146-00034209-00034400 you're not really using it to evolve a
P-jMHxbO-IU-00147-00034401-00034553 lot the main reason why you're playing
P-jMHxbO-IU-00148-00034554-00034802 it is because it's a 25k blocker and
P-jMHxbO-IU-00149-00034803-00035005 it's big it's really thick and like
P-jMHxbO-IU-00150-00035006-00035252 people really have to invest in trying
P-jMHxbO-IU-00151-00035253-00035537 to get rid of this and like you have
P-jMHxbO-IU-00152-00035538-00035758 that extra advantage for your early game
P-jMHxbO-IU-00153-00035759-00036002 because like you've never have to awaken
P-jMHxbO-IU-00154-00036003-00036173 you don't have to swing your phone that
P-jMHxbO-IU-00155-00036174-00036340 means like like like you get to
P-jMHxbO-IU-00156-00036341-00036500 late-game very easy because you don't
P-jMHxbO-IU-00157-00036501-00036623 need to swing at all and you just use
P-jMHxbO-IU-00158-00036624-00036770 the ability on this side scant you've
P-jMHxbO-IU-00159-00036771-00036921 almost
P-jMHxbO-IU-00160-00036922-00037231 but yeah so this will find that these
P-jMHxbO-IU-00161-00037232-00037390 will just stick on the field for a very
P-jMHxbO-IU-00162-00037391-00037609 long time like you can evolve it over
P-jMHxbO-IU-00163-00037610-00037780 these guys but if you really want to
P-jMHxbO-IU-00164-00037781-00037927 evolve it truth over have you know
P-jMHxbO-IU-00165-00037928-00038161 Anthony's not these because these are
P-jMHxbO-IU-00166-00038162-00038287 still like a block at the end of the day
P-jMHxbO-IU-00167-00038288-00038710 so 25k critical blocker stays at the end
P-jMHxbO-IU-00168-00038711-00038935 of the phase because if that planet
P-jMHxbO-IU-00169-00038936-00039238 Vegeta um we're playing strike a bottle
P-jMHxbO-IU-00170-00039239-00039415 I'm not playing any the desperate bottle
P-jMHxbO-IU-00171-00039416-00039712 or the what's you up on the grade eight
P-jMHxbO-IU-00172-00039713-00039811 bars but look
P-jMHxbO-IU-00173-00039812-00040273 I just feel no way to slow up like the
P-jMHxbO-IU-00174-00040274-00040441 Bartok itself is actually a great card
P-jMHxbO-IU-00175-00040442-00040621 because when you play it you look at the
P-jMHxbO-IU-00176-00040622-00040870 top three and eight cards enhancing you
P-jMHxbO-IU-00177-00040871-00040985 don't actually have to show your
P-jMHxbO-IU-00178-00040986-00041191 opponent and then it has dual attack so
P-jMHxbO-IU-00179-00041192-00041365 it's like swing something down three
P-jMHxbO-IU-00180-00041366-00041560 stand and then just say like that and
P-jMHxbO-IU-00181-00041561-00041716 just people protected by planet plant
P-jMHxbO-IU-00182-00041717-00042001 like the King Vegeta so it's very strong
P-jMHxbO-IU-00183-00042002-00042313 so you know or you can just go swing and
P-jMHxbO-IU-00184-00042314-00042769 then swing again but yeah of course play
P-jMHxbO-IU-00185-00042770-00043171 for she gets tempted to play three sugar
P-jMHxbO-IU-00186-00043172-00043344 and then one datoria
P-jMHxbO-IU-00187-00043345-00043744 but like you don't really need that
P-jMHxbO-IU-00188-00043745-00043969 extra draw power like maybe it might
P-jMHxbO-IU-00189-00043970-00044185 come in handy a little bit but like just
P-jMHxbO-IU-00190-00044186-00044347 playing for suggests just so you can get
P-jMHxbO-IU-00191-00044348-00044650 as much out of these as you can for
P-jMHxbO-IU-00192-00044651-00044905 late-game of course of course
P-jMHxbO-IU-00193-00044906-00045181 three we only create three god tempter
P-jMHxbO-IU-00194-00045182-00045574 Bulma so if you don't know this if you
P-jMHxbO-IU-00195-00045575-00045802 only able to set one pretty much this
P-jMHxbO-IU-00196-00045803-00046072 was searched out of this and we play
P-jMHxbO-IU-00197-00046073-00046378 with the returning attendant arresting
P-jMHxbO-IU-00198-00046379-00046657 attended um when you play this card you
P-jMHxbO-IU-00199-00046658-00046906 play the top card key deck as mana very
P-jMHxbO-IU-00200-00046907-00047089 strong card it's the reef that this deck
P-jMHxbO-IU-00201-00047090-00047395 really needs like being up like bring
P-jMHxbO-IU-00202-00047396-00047632 out this like turn through and then like
P-jMHxbO-IU-00203-00047633-00047908 turn for bringing this down like usually
P-jMHxbO-IU-00204-00047909-00048142 you will like you over your waking yet
P-jMHxbO-IU-00205-00048143-00048376 but when you flip over you can like if
P-jMHxbO-IU-00206-00048377-00048526 they manage to flip you over that term
P-jMHxbO-IU-00207-00048527-00048787 you can like just on top of the manner
P-jMHxbO-IU-00208-00048788-00048928 that you would have done for that but
P-jMHxbO-IU-00209-00048929-00049144 that's fair and the main reason why we
P-jMHxbO-IU-00210-00049145-00049297 fly blue is because since you've been
P-jMHxbO-IU-00211-00049298-00049636 promised time in the game no it needs no
P-jMHxbO-IU-00212-00049637-00049709 explains
P-jMHxbO-IU-00213-00049710-00049919 and then two black cards we played math
P-jMHxbO-IU-00214-00049920-00050098 saying the mysterious boil
P-jMHxbO-IU-00215-00050099-00050390 it's pretty much only hard removal in
P-jMHxbO-IU-00216-00050391-00050531 the deck like you've u-verse some
P-jMHxbO-IU-00217-00050532-00050681 veggies and they're not playing like you
P-jMHxbO-IU-00218-00050682-00050882 know let's say yellow-billed you know
P-jMHxbO-IU-00219-00050883-00051299 some people with mirror like me this was
P-jMHxbO-IU-00220-00051300-00051452 just like pipe down their entire board
P-jMHxbO-IU-00221-00051453-00051730 it's really strong I'm not playing it
P-jMHxbO-IU-00222-00051732-00051899 over food and I'm not playing it over
P-jMHxbO-IU-00223-00051900-00052160 the time for tricks like good time for
P-jMHxbO-IU-00224-00052161-00052385 child protector trunks
P-jMHxbO-IU-00225-00052386-00052603 I think that's its name just because
P-jMHxbO-IU-00226-00052604-00052895 like you need the removal but at the
P-jMHxbO-IU-00227-00052896-00053029 same time you don't need it that much
P-jMHxbO-IU-00228-00053030-00053279 draw power compared to like all these
P-jMHxbO-IU-00229-00053279-00053426 other decks like you are giving you a
P-jMHxbO-IU-00230-00053427-00053699 lot of drop out early on and yeah that's
P-jMHxbO-IU-00231-00053700-00053873 it for the deck profile and I found a
P-jMHxbO-IU-00232-00053874-00054104 very strong deck you know one of their
P-jMHxbO-IU-00233-00054104-00054332 people like Shaun in RPG you know he's
P-jMHxbO-IU-00234-00054333-00054482 been like hammering this out and most
P-jMHxbO-IU-00235-00054483-00054695 locals getting pretty good scores with
P-jMHxbO-IU-00236-00054696-00054896 this and yeah that's it for the deck
P-jMHxbO-IU-00237-00054897-00055073 profile these guys in the next one
P-jMHxbO-IU-00238-00055074-00055388 thanks for watching
P-vcN58VdrE-00000-00000076-00002142 [Music]
P-vcN58VdrE-00001-00002143-00002334 okay so the bank really
P-vcN58VdrE-00002-00002335-00002679 didn't have anything nation star
P-vcN58VdrE-00003-00002680-00003007 was in these these two cases
P-vcN58VdrE-00004-00003008-00003311 they combined uh consolidated
P-vcN58VdrE-00005-00003311-00003606 the nation star versus opportunity homes
P-vcN58VdrE-00006-00003607-00003679 and
P-vcN58VdrE-00007-00003679-00003983 the um jimmy jack versus
P-vcN58VdrE-00008-00003984-00004295 bank of america why they combine them is
P-vcN58VdrE-00009-00004296-00004511 a mystery because
P-vcN58VdrE-00010-00004512-00004863 bank of america defaulted and
P-vcN58VdrE-00011-00004864-00005206 so that case was closed nation star vs
P-vcN58VdrE-00012-00005207-00005335 opportunity homes
P-vcN58VdrE-00013-00005336-00005670 nation star never pursued it
P-vcN58VdrE-00014-00005671-00005991 nation star became a a defendant in
P-vcN58VdrE-00015-00005992-00006063 intervention
P-vcN58VdrE-00016-00006064-00006399 into the uh jimmy jack case why
P-vcN58VdrE-00017-00006400-00006759 they did it that way you'll see okay
P-vcN58VdrE-00018-00006759-00007087 so in there the in discovery now the
P-vcN58VdrE-00019-00007088-00007198 discovery in the
P-vcN58VdrE-00020-00007200-00007583 consolidated cases ended in
P-vcN58VdrE-00021-00007584-00007927 the end of february 2019.
P-vcN58VdrE-00022-00007928-00008271 so if nationstar didn't have the
P-vcN58VdrE-00023-00008272-00008351 evidence
P-vcN58VdrE-00024-00008352-00008559 by the time they filed their case in
P-vcN58VdrE-00025-00008560-00008791 january of 16.
P-vcN58VdrE-00026-00008792-00009031 at least they should have had it by the
P-vcN58VdrE-00027-00009032-00009246 end of discovery
P-vcN58VdrE-00028-00009247-00009606 so all they had before the end of
P-vcN58VdrE-00029-00009607-00009903 discovery was a copy of the promissory
P-vcN58VdrE-00030-00009904-00010071 note and
P-vcN58VdrE-00031-00010072-00010399 that was not even um
P-vcN58VdrE-00032-00010400-00010614 endorsed to them or to anybody they said
P-vcN58VdrE-00033-00010615-00010742 gave them this
P-vcN58VdrE-00034-00010743-00011055 alone okay so here's the
P-vcN58VdrE-00035-00011056-00011367 second and third pages of the hanson
P-vcN58VdrE-00036-00011368-00011519 promissory note
P-vcN58VdrE-00037-00011520-00011799 that all say copy right there on the top
P-vcN58VdrE-00038-00011800-00011951 right
P-vcN58VdrE-00039-00011952-00012119 looking at them a little closely who was
P-vcN58VdrE-00040-00012120-00012270 this endorsed to
P-vcN58VdrE-00041-00012271-00012527 so like i said western thrift and loan
P-vcN58VdrE-00042-00012528-00012655 had it
P-vcN58VdrE-00043-00012656-00013102 at the beginning and they said
P-vcN58VdrE-00044-00013103-00013527 paid to the order of flagstar bank
P-vcN58VdrE-00045-00013528-00013815 before that on the you know the second
P-vcN58VdrE-00046-00013816-00013927 page they had said
P-vcN58VdrE-00047-00013928-00014199 they had crossed it off so there wasn't
P-vcN58VdrE-00048-00014200-00014263 anything
P-vcN58VdrE-00049-00014263-00014919 to anybody on that page and then
P-vcN58VdrE-00050-00014919-00015327 the black star handed it over at some
P-vcN58VdrE-00051-00015328-00015430 point
P-vcN58VdrE-00052-00015431-00015879 to country ride and countrywide
P-vcN58VdrE-00053-00015880-00016414 it's blank countrywide didn't give it to
P-vcN58VdrE-00054-00016415-00016883 [Music]
P-vcN58VdrE-00055-00016884-00017010 anybody
P-vcN58VdrE-00056-00017011-00017799 [Music]
P-vcN58VdrE-00057-00017800-00018008 you
PAdZbpmA-6o-00000-00000163-00000551 so welcome today hello my name is Inga
PAdZbpmA-6o-00001-00000552-00000770 donkervoort and I'll be your host for
PAdZbpmA-6o-00002-00000771-00001003 this session this presentation is about
PAdZbpmA-6o-00003-00001005-00001312 global learning experience at Duke
PAdZbpmA-6o-00004-00001313-00001646 Kunshan University and will be presented
PAdZbpmA-6o-00005-00001647-00001827 by Rizzoli
PAdZbpmA-6o-00006-00001828-00002092 Louisa Lee is a the educational
PAdZbpmA-6o-00007-00002093-00002333 technical technology specialist for the
PAdZbpmA-6o-00008-00002334-00002555 center of teaching and learning at Duke
PAdZbpmA-6o-00009-00002556-00002857 crucian University her main job
PAdZbpmA-6o-00010-00002858-00003085 responsibilities include implementing
PAdZbpmA-6o-00011-00003086-00003392 educational technologies and assessing
PAdZbpmA-6o-00012-00003393-00003604 their use within the teaching and
PAdZbpmA-6o-00013-00003605-00003890 learning environments she contributes in
PAdZbpmA-6o-00014-00003890-00004147 a significant way to the development and
PAdZbpmA-6o-00015-00004148-00004345 delivery of high-quality learning
PAdZbpmA-6o-00016-00004346-00004715 experience for deep or key you working
PAdZbpmA-6o-00017-00004716-00004963 closely with faculty and staff to
PAdZbpmA-6o-00018-00004964-00005188 explore and debt learning innovation
PAdZbpmA-6o-00019-00005189-00005441 reviews Lee she worked as the
PAdZbpmA-6o-00020-00005442-00005638 instructional designer at Marist College
PAdZbpmA-6o-00021-00005639-00006011 after returning to her homeland in 2018
PAdZbpmA-6o-00022-00006012-00006322 she joined Duke Kunshan University and
PAdZbpmA-6o-00023-00006323-00006617 gladly continues to participate in the
PAdZbpmA-6o-00024-00006618-00006921 open from you open a period community
PAdZbpmA-6o-00025-00006922-00007231 please note that all attendees are muted
PAdZbpmA-6o-00026-00007233-00007505 when you in the session if you would
PAdZbpmA-6o-00027-00007506-00007730 like to speak or ask a question you will
PAdZbpmA-6o-00028-00007731-00007973 need to unmute yourself and if you have
PAdZbpmA-6o-00029-00007973-00008210 any questions for Louisa enter them in
PAdZbpmA-6o-00030-00008211-00008435 the chat box and she will answer them
PAdZbpmA-6o-00031-00008436-00008756 and at the end of her session the
PAdZbpmA-6o-00032-00008757-00008930 session is being recorded and will be
PAdZbpmA-6o-00033-00008931-00009128 available at a later date on the a
PAdZbpmA-6o-00034-00009129-00009326 period YouTube channel if you have any
PAdZbpmA-6o-00035-00009327-00009566 problems with video or audio enter a
PAdZbpmA-6o-00036-00009567-00009953 comment in the chat box you can enter a
PAdZbpmA-6o-00037-00009954-00010367 question at any time and Luisa will
PAdZbpmA-6o-00038-00010368-00010585 answer them at the end of the session
PAdZbpmA-6o-00039-00010586-00011003 and Luis Luisa the floor is yours I'm
PAdZbpmA-6o-00040-00011004-00011185 going to stop share and then you can
PAdZbpmA-6o-00041-00011186-00011534 share your screen oh thank you very much
PAdZbpmA-6o-00042-00011535-00011935 Inga I'm very glad to be here and see
PAdZbpmA-6o-00043-00011936-00012303 you participating in my global
PAdZbpmA-6o-00044-00012304-00012574 experience learning experience
PAdZbpmA-6o-00045-00012575-00012886 conversation so first of all I'd like to
PAdZbpmA-6o-00046-00012887-00013222 post a question to everyone because this
PAdZbpmA-6o-00047-00013223-00013322 is a
PAdZbpmA-6o-00048-00013324-00013626 the global learning experience I hoping
PAdZbpmA-6o-00049-00013627-00013932 to know where you are from if you don't
PAdZbpmA-6o-00050-00013933-00014166 want to talk you can type in the chat
PAdZbpmA-6o-00051-00014166-00014721 and I see it's a great representation of
PAdZbpmA-6o-00052-00014722-00015071 the community I know some of you already
PAdZbpmA-6o-00053-00015072-00015541 so India is a from Netherland right and
PAdZbpmA-6o-00054-00015543-00015893 what are other places yes and Paul
PAdZbpmA-6o-00055-00015894-00016634 Durham oh yeah the USA the Portland Oh
PAdZbpmA-6o-00056-00016635-00017088 fantastic if you didn't know do question
PAdZbpmA-6o-00057-00017089-00017324 university is in Queens you're in China
PAdZbpmA-6o-00058-00017325-00017682 it's about 15 minutes train ride from
PAdZbpmA-6o-00059-00017683-00018156 Shanghai many people know about Shanghai
PAdZbpmA-6o-00060-00018157-00018447 and so it's on the eastern coast I'm
PAdZbpmA-6o-00061-00018448-00018777 very glad present our learning
PAdZbpmA-6o-00062-00018778-00019020 experience with you guys so I will start
PAdZbpmA-6o-00063-00019021-00019656 sharing cool alright so you guys see my
PAdZbpmA-6o-00064-00019657-00020421 slides okay yeah it's okay with you okay
PAdZbpmA-6o-00065-00020422-00020661 fantastic thank you
PAdZbpmA-6o-00066-00020662-00020913 now our first to give you a quick
PAdZbpmA-6o-00067-00020914-00021243 overview of our University and our
PAdZbpmA-6o-00068-00021244-00021456 current and educational technology
PAdZbpmA-6o-00069-00021457-00021813 framework and then I will talk about how
PAdZbpmA-6o-00070-00021814-00022050 we transition online and some of the
PAdZbpmA-6o-00071-00022051-00022359 issues that have come up and give me
PAdZbpmA-6o-00072-00022360-00022925 some ideas so as you can see there soon
PAdZbpmA-6o-00073-00022926-00023307 all those ideas are not there organized
PAdZbpmA-6o-00074-00023308-00023652 a fair to say so these are all open to
PAdZbpmA-6o-00075-00023653-00024000 suggestions and I hope that I can leave
PAdZbpmA-6o-00076-00024001-00024458 some time for discussion now we are
PAdZbpmA-6o-00077-00024459-00024864 joined a university between three entity
PAdZbpmA-6o-00078-00024865-00025092 is the Duke University
PAdZbpmA-6o-00079-00025093-00025434 the Wuhan University from China and also
PAdZbpmA-6o-00080-00025435-00025703 the Crenshaw and municipal governments
PAdZbpmA-6o-00081-00025704-00025940 because they known as the land and
PAdZbpmA-6o-00082-00025941-00026202 the buting's everything we're fairly
PAdZbpmA-6o-00083-00026202-00026652 small liberal arts college we recently
PAdZbpmA-6o-00084-00026652-00027068 have the third year coming students in
PAdZbpmA-6o-00085-00027069-00027411 September that would bring our total
PAdZbpmA-6o-00086-00027412-00027767 number of undergraduate student to about
PAdZbpmA-6o-00087-00027768-00028086 800 so we're fairly small but in a
PAdZbpmA-6o-00088-00028087-00028326 meantime we have a lot of faculties
PAdZbpmA-6o-00089-00028327-00028705 already we have about 85 for time and
PAdZbpmA-6o-00090-00028706-00029058 usually around 20 or 30 visiting faculty
PAdZbpmA-6o-00091-00029058-00029454 from huge and then we also have graduate
PAdZbpmA-6o-00092-00029455-00029867 students and other graduates were from
PAdZbpmA-6o-00093-00029868-00030198 the master programs not undergraduate
PAdZbpmA-6o-00094-00030199-00030530 yeah we still only have first year in
PAdZbpmA-6o-00095-00030531-00030729 the second year students the incoming
PAdZbpmA-6o-00096-00030730-00031098 would be in September but interestingly
PAdZbpmA-6o-00097-00031099-00031529 you can see that we are represented by
PAdZbpmA-6o-00098-00031530-00032001 front by students from 41 countries even
PAdZbpmA-6o-00099-00032002-00032333 though almost 70 of them are from China
PAdZbpmA-6o-00100-00032334-00032758 but we have almost 30% and soon to be
PAdZbpmA-6o-00101-00032759-00033207 35% from many other countries and the
PAdZbpmA-6o-00102-00033208-00033536 faculties are represented from almost
PAdZbpmA-6o-00103-00033537-00034055 every continent and then we have many
PAdZbpmA-6o-00104-00034056-00034554 from the US or the staff most of them
PAdZbpmA-6o-00105-00034555-00034842 are from China but we still have a lot
PAdZbpmA-6o-00106-00034843-00035061 of staff members from many other
PAdZbpmA-6o-00107-00035062-00035405 countries so it's a very diverse as you
PAdZbpmA-6o-00108-00035406-00035895 can see and when the corner was a virus
PAdZbpmA-6o-00109-00035896-00036207 broke many of the students and the
PAdZbpmA-6o-00110-00036208-00036630 faculty returned home in February I
PAdZbpmA-6o-00111-00036631-00036812 think in February the return home
PAdZbpmA-6o-00112-00036813-00037301 creates many different issues because
PAdZbpmA-6o-00113-00037302-00037571 now we are truly a global University
PAdZbpmA-6o-00114-00037572-00037917 because we are truly spread over the
PAdZbpmA-6o-00115-00037918-00038302 globe you know at least the 40 countries
PAdZbpmA-6o-00116-00038303-00038639 so for our curriculum it's also very
PAdZbpmA-6o-00117-00038640-00039036 different we have a unique seven week
PAdZbpmA-6o-00118-00039037-00039378 format so each session for example the
PAdZbpmA-6o-00119-00039379-00039684 spring semester traditionally will be 14
PAdZbpmA-6o-00120-00039685-00040080 15 or 16 weeks it's prickly into two
PAdZbpmA-6o-00121-00040081-00040413 sessions seven weeks each we have in the
PAdZbpmA-6o-00122-00040414-00040812 middle a mini term so we can have some
PAdZbpmA-6o-00123-00040813-00041169 sort of very intense mini term while
PAdZbpmA-6o-00124-00041170-00041505 week classes to give student a little
PAdZbpmA-6o-00125-00041506-00041832 bit change and we also have very small
PAdZbpmA-6o-00126-00041833-00042117 community so everyone almost knows
PAdZbpmA-6o-00127-00042118-00042297 everyone so it's very tight community
PAdZbpmA-6o-00128-00042298-00042651 there are a lot of interdisciplinary
PAdZbpmA-6o-00129-00042652-00043079 communication collaboration constant
PAdZbpmA-6o-00130-00043080-00043398 hallway talks and we have launch
PAdZbpmA-6o-00131-00043399-00043668 meetings all the time so we're tied a
PAdZbpmA-6o-00132-00043669-00044043 community and we all try to bring
PAdZbpmA-6o-00133-00044044-00044286 innovative ideas in teaching and
PAdZbpmA-6o-00134-00044287-00044487 learning and the research almost
PAdZbpmA-6o-00135-00044488-00044834 everything so that creates a very unique
PAdZbpmA-6o-00136-00044835-00045192 scenario at a dko it's very personalized
PAdZbpmA-6o-00137-00045193-00045582 they're intense both the faculty and the
PAdZbpmA-6o-00138-00045583-00045822 students are very driven they want to
PAdZbpmA-6o-00139-00045823-00046248 get ahead of their set themselves so at
PAdZbpmA-6o-00140-00046249-00046473 a very beginning when we try to build up
PAdZbpmA-6o-00141-00046474-00046836 our University Center for teaching and
PAdZbpmA-6o-00142-00046837-00047088 learning came up with this start a path
PAdZbpmA-6o-00143-00047089-00047400 for other faculty we borrowed a lot of
PAdZbpmA-6o-00144-00047401-00047808 things from Duke and you can see that we
PAdZbpmA-6o-00145-00047809-00047994 have the Dukes learning management
PAdZbpmA-6o-00146-00047995-00048576 system Sakai Duke's WordPress as the
PAdZbpmA-6o-00147-00048577-00048840 e-portfolio platform and also creating
PAdZbpmA-6o-00148-00048841-00049278 blogs and class projects we use were
PAdZbpmA-6o-00149-00049279-00049578 prior to share our videos and even
PAdZbpmA-6o-00150-00049579-00049872 though it's not well use that yet but
PAdZbpmA-6o-00151-00049873-00050079 it's been out there for quite a while
PAdZbpmA-6o-00152-00050080-00050367 and also we want to introduce pebblepad
PAdZbpmA-6o-00153-00050368-00050751 for a second nature work but that's for
PAdZbpmA-6o-00154-00050752-00051051 the third and a fourth year after a
PAdZbpmA-6o-00155-00051052-00051539 couple years we gradually developed our
PAdZbpmA-6o-00156-00051540-00051804 toolkits to include many other things
PAdZbpmA-6o-00157-00051804-00052194 for example the learner mental systems
PAdZbpmA-6o-00158-00052195-00052616 use Sakai we added a few other tools for
PAdZbpmA-6o-00159-00052617-00052788 our video collaboration
PAdZbpmA-6o-00160-00052789-00053160 and communication zoom whoa fire was
PAdZbpmA-6o-00161-00053161-00053544 thread and due to the kernel virus we
PAdZbpmA-6o-00162-00053545-00053891 find it's very important to keep in
PAdZbpmA-6o-00163-00053892-00054431 touch more more instantly and most more
PAdZbpmA-6o-00164-00054432-00054765 strongly so the local when I say local I
PAdZbpmA-6o-00165-00054766-00055053 mean Chinese the Chinese platform is
PAdZbpmA-6o-00166-00055054-00055379 which had its pervasive everything so we
PAdZbpmA-6o-00167-00055380-00055682 use WeChat me Microsoft the team's is
PAdZbpmA-6o-00168-00055683-00056028 also introduced and also a couple of
PAdZbpmA-6o-00169-00056029-00056337 faculty picked up the teammates so that
PAdZbpmA-6o-00170-00056338-00056750 it can do peer instruction together on
PAdZbpmA-6o-00171-00056751-00057072 the other side you can see the blue blue
PAdZbpmA-6o-00172-00057073-00057450 sign here we have gray scope for
PAdZbpmA-6o-00173-00057451-00057519 everywhere
PAdZbpmA-6o-00174-00057520-00057891 and the turning for assessment and we're
PAdZbpmA-6o-00175-00057891-00058292 present and a Piazza are stood there the
PAdZbpmA-6o-00176-00058294-00058536 library and the publishers we use a lot
PAdZbpmA-6o-00177-00058537-00058803 of digital textbooks and the free
PAdZbpmA-6o-00178-00058804-00059356 textbooks we also expand to kisara use
PAdZbpmA-6o-00179-00059357-00059600 introduce the linking learning for
PAdZbpmA-6o-00180-00059601-00059916 training of softwares and we also use a
PAdZbpmA-6o-00181-00059916-00060229 box for holster materials
PAdZbpmA-6o-00182-00060230-00060591 recently we also look into who saw or
PAdZbpmA-6o-00183-00060591-00061188 hypothesis so that just faculty can help
PAdZbpmA-6o-00184-00061189-00061571 the student to engage in social learning
PAdZbpmA-6o-00185-00061572-00061855 or this type of collaborative
PAdZbpmA-6o-00186-00061857-00062163 environment for tax based digital
PAdZbpmA-6o-00187-00062164-00062598 materials so it's it's a still expanding
PAdZbpmA-6o-00188-00062599-00062969 and very interestingly in none of the
PAdZbpmA-6o-00189-00062970-00063116 fact that they seems to be too
PAdZbpmA-6o-00190-00063117-00063324 frustrated they see this as a new
PAdZbpmA-6o-00191-00063325-00063680 opportunity I guess that's a unique
PAdZbpmA-6o-00192-00063682-00063941 atmosphere that you can only see in a
PAdZbpmA-6o-00193-00063942-00064140 startup company uh-huh
PAdZbpmA-6o-00194-00064141-00064359 well startup a college like a Duke
PAdZbpmA-6o-00195-00064360-00064935 University now during this process we
PAdZbpmA-6o-00196-00064936-00065328 finished the spring semester we dealt
PAdZbpmA-6o-00197-00065329-00065525 with there's an emergency online
PAdZbpmA-6o-00198-00065526-00065817 teaching and we're now preparing for the
PAdZbpmA-6o-00199-00065818-00066168 fall we're thinking to
PAdZbpmA-6o-00200-00066169-00066518 this transition from emergency
PAdZbpmA-6o-00201-00066519-00066858 atmosphere to this regular flexible
PAdZbpmA-6o-00202-00066859-00067331 teaching mode in that sense we mean that
PAdZbpmA-6o-00203-00067332-00067782 whatever the situation is our teaching
PAdZbpmA-6o-00204-00067783-00068196 our teaching plan is adaptable so it's a
PAdZbpmA-6o-00205-00068197-00068616 flexible it's resilient and it can deal
PAdZbpmA-6o-00206-00068617-00068976 with anything that's on the way so we
PAdZbpmA-6o-00207-00068977-00069182 are thinking about this as several
PAdZbpmA-6o-00208-00069183-00069525 guiding principles for choosing learning
PAdZbpmA-6o-00209-00069526-00069789 technologies so first of all everyone
PAdZbpmA-6o-00210-00069790-00070041 agrees that the sakai would be the
PAdZbpmA-6o-00211-00070042-00070299 launching pad you know the home base so
PAdZbpmA-6o-00212-00070300-00070551 students log in to Sakai they can see
PAdZbpmA-6o-00213-00070552-00071004 everything when they in Sakai we
PAdZbpmA-6o-00214-00071005-00071298 recommend that the faculty curate the
PAdZbpmA-6o-00215-00071299-00071583 tools for the students keep it simple
PAdZbpmA-6o-00216-00071584-00071961 keep it focused and analyze your
PAdZbpmA-6o-00217-00071962-00072156 requirements your learning needs and
PAdZbpmA-6o-00218-00072157-00072471 pick up a cup of tools that's most
PAdZbpmA-6o-00219-00072472-00072843 crucial to a course and use that during
PAdZbpmA-6o-00220-00072844-00073115 the spring semester we recommend the
PAdZbpmA-6o-00221-00073116-00073590 dual the Sakai Plus zoom right because
PAdZbpmA-6o-00222-00073591-00073818 we have to do synchronous meetings and
PAdZbpmA-6o-00223-00073819-00074024 now we're thinking you know you can
PAdZbpmA-6o-00224-00074025-00074451 strategically pick a few more so that
PAdZbpmA-6o-00225-00074452-00074778 you can engage in a better asynchronous
PAdZbpmA-6o-00226-00074779-00075108 and synchronous teaching and learning
PAdZbpmA-6o-00227-00075109-00075408 experience so in that matter you need to
PAdZbpmA-6o-00228-00075409-00075729 consider equity and inclusivity you want
PAdZbpmA-6o-00229-00075730-00076001 to bring students onto the same level
PAdZbpmA-6o-00230-00076002-00076452 you have to think about what they have
PAdZbpmA-6o-00231-00076453-00076935 access to and where they will be it's
PAdZbpmA-6o-00232-00076936-00077316 very very tricky and complicated because
PAdZbpmA-6o-00233-00077317-00077637 our students and faculty are spread out
PAdZbpmA-6o-00234-00077638-00077945 in so many different countries and
PAdZbpmA-6o-00235-00077946-00078257 there's no telling one and how they
PAdZbpmA-6o-00236-00078258-00078639 would be back on campus it's very
PAdZbpmA-6o-00237-00078640-00078888 possible that when class all the
PAdZbpmA-6o-00238-00078889-00079143 students are on campus and all the
PAdZbpmA-6o-00239-00079144-00079506 faculties are in the US and in
PAdZbpmA-6o-00240-00079507-00079794 class some faculty would be in China
PAdZbpmA-6o-00241-00079795-00080109 some faculty in the Europe maybe and
PAdZbpmA-6o-00242-00080110-00080490 some students will be Pakistan some will
PAdZbpmA-6o-00243-00080491-00080808 be New Zealand and many others will be
PAdZbpmA-6o-00244-00080809-00081255 in the u.s. it's crazy so you have to
PAdZbpmA-6o-00245-00081256-00081687 think about how you consider equity how
PAdZbpmA-6o-00246-00081688-00081951 you include everyone in a conversation
PAdZbpmA-6o-00247-00081952-00082262 you don't discriminate based on their
PAdZbpmA-6o-00248-00082263-00082692 access to technology you have to find a
PAdZbpmA-6o-00249-00082693-00083049 ways both categorically and a
PAdZbpmA-6o-00250-00083050-00083397 technically to include everyone and in
PAdZbpmA-6o-00251-00083398-00083619 the meantime you want to bring everyone
PAdZbpmA-6o-00252-00083620-00083850 together as a community and to provide
PAdZbpmA-6o-00253-00083851-00084162 constant supports or when we say support
PAdZbpmA-6o-00254-00084163-00084450 it doesn't just mean the IT support okay
PAdZbpmA-6o-00255-00084451-00084714 you call IT Help Desk you get an answer
PAdZbpmA-6o-00256-00084715-00084990 but it also means that the faculty need
PAdZbpmA-6o-00257-00084991-00085410 to be aware of the student situation you
PAdZbpmA-6o-00258-00085411-00085731 care for them academically and even
PAdZbpmA-6o-00259-00085732-00085959 mentally you know you need to know that
PAdZbpmA-6o-00260-00085960-00086238 they have someone there to fall back to
PAdZbpmA-6o-00261-00086239-00086619 so it is very complicated and the whole
PAdZbpmA-6o-00262-00086620-00086943 campus are working so hard over the
PAdZbpmA-6o-00263-00086944-00087225 summer you know many faculty don't get
PAdZbpmA-6o-00264-00087226-00087500 paid during the summer right but still
PAdZbpmA-6o-00265-00087501-00087882 almost everyone and still working really
PAdZbpmA-6o-00266-00087883-00088233 hard even when they are on vacation with
PAdZbpmA-6o-00267-00088234-00088488 basic guiding principles I want to talk
PAdZbpmA-6o-00268-00088489-00088758 to you about a few issues that came up
PAdZbpmA-6o-00269-00088759-00089151 so I think those might be helpful for us
PAdZbpmA-6o-00270-00089152-00089634 to think about and the plan our plan our
PAdZbpmA-6o-00271-00089635-00090033 fall semester better and maybe can be
PAdZbpmA-6o-00272-00090034-00090399 some lessons for Sakai or any other
PAdZbpmA-6o-00273-00090400-00090771 learn amended system in the future so
PAdZbpmA-6o-00274-00090772-00091140 for example first is the time we never
PAdZbpmA-6o-00275-00091141-00091328 thought the time would be a problem
PAdZbpmA-6o-00276-00091329-00091911 before so you would think you know you
PAdZbpmA-6o-00277-00091912-00092178 have this time zone preference right
PAdZbpmA-6o-00278-00092179-00092571 everyone just go there and set it up but
PAdZbpmA-6o-00279-00092572-00092880 the problem first of all is the
PAdZbpmA-6o-00280-00092881-00093276 in some of the places Sakai cannot
PAdZbpmA-6o-00281-00093277-00093744 convert the time probably properly based
PAdZbpmA-6o-00282-00093745-00094127 on the personal preferences of time zone
PAdZbpmA-6o-00283-00094128-00094269 okay
PAdZbpmA-6o-00284-00094270-00094446 on top of that even though the
PAdZbpmA-6o-00285-00094447-00094821 conversion is correct and the faculty
PAdZbpmA-6o-00286-00094822-00095058 will say okay what would be the close
PAdZbpmA-6o-00287-00095059-00095484 time for the assignment how do I decide
PAdZbpmA-6o-00288-00095485-00095792 on that so if I have a student in
PAdZbpmA-6o-00289-00095793-00096066 Netherland then I have a student in
PAdZbpmA-6o-00290-00096067-00096525 Hawaii and another one in China and a
PAdZbpmA-6o-00291-00096526-00096948 five of them in the US okay so I could
PAdZbpmA-6o-00292-00096949-00097293 just say all right let's just use cringe
PAdZbpmA-6o-00293-00097294-00097629 on the China's time as the baseline so
PAdZbpmA-6o-00294-00097630-00098000 everything fall back to that okay the
PAdZbpmA-6o-00295-00098001-00098346 assignment will be closed at a 6:00 p.m.
PAdZbpmA-6o-00296-00098347-00098721 China time right okay so theoretically
PAdZbpmA-6o-00297-00098722-00099132 sounds okay but the students in the US
PAdZbpmA-6o-00298-00099133-00099465 would say okay I'm twelve hours behind
PAdZbpmA-6o-00299-00099466-00099846 you say 6:00 p.m. it's a 6:00 a.m. in my
PAdZbpmA-6o-00300-00099847-00100338 time am I supposed to keep up all night
PAdZbpmA-6o-00301-00100339-00100644 to finish the article I have to go to
PAdZbpmA-6o-00302-00100645-00101006 sleep at 12:00 so I lose the six hours
PAdZbpmA-6o-00303-00101007-00101157 what should I do
PAdZbpmA-6o-00304-00101158-00101640 so it's unfair right so am i punished
PAdZbpmA-6o-00305-00101641-00101886 because I'm in the US so I lose the six
PAdZbpmA-6o-00306-00101887-00102210 hours of time right so it's it's a
PAdZbpmA-6o-00307-00102211-00102509 global learning community so people are
PAdZbpmA-6o-00308-00102510-00102741 in different places you really have to
PAdZbpmA-6o-00309-00102742-00103058 consider pedagogically what do you do
PAdZbpmA-6o-00310-00103059-00104021 right I think this is a really another
PAdZbpmA-6o-00311-00104022-00104444 Stanford article you know we still run
PAdZbpmA-6o-00312-00104445-00104792 this type of place-based education okay
PAdZbpmA-6o-00313-00104793-00105105 you have a local location you know you
PAdZbpmA-6o-00314-00105106-00105255 are based on you in the US you are
PAdZbpmA-6o-00315-00105256-00105483 American University you are based in
PAdZbpmA-6o-00316-00105483-00105690 Europe you're nestled in the university
PAdZbpmA-6o-00317-00105691-00106122 okay all the things are revolving around
PAdZbpmA-6o-00318-00106123-00106230 that the low
PAdZbpmA-6o-00319-00106231-00106685 ha sometimes you have a branch campus
PAdZbpmA-6o-00320-00106686-00107055 somewhere okay you have a campus in
PAdZbpmA-6o-00321-00107056-00107199 Italy okay
PAdZbpmA-6o-00322-00107200-00107510 that's local small campus they run by
PAdZbpmA-6o-00323-00107511-00107735 itself okay they are grouped together
PAdZbpmA-6o-00324-00107736-00108075 they use their Italian time their timing
PAdZbpmA-6o-00325-00108076-00108386 in wrong okay they have nothing to do
PAdZbpmA-6o-00326-00108388-00108702 with the people in the US however now
PAdZbpmA-6o-00327-00108703-00108954 it's the same class people spread around
PAdZbpmA-6o-00328-00108955-00109316 the globe how do you consider the time
PAdZbpmA-6o-00329-00109317-00109791 alright maybe in the past you have this
PAdZbpmA-6o-00330-00109792-00110145 campus in different locations but still
PAdZbpmA-6o-00331-00110146-00110370 you are place-based education you are
PAdZbpmA-6o-00332-00110371-00110799 not a truly global community so you are
PAdZbpmA-6o-00333-00110800-00111003 only a truly global community when
PAdZbpmA-6o-00334-00111004-00111189 people around the different time zones
PAdZbpmA-6o-00335-00111190-00111461 work on the same thing like we are doing
PAdZbpmA-6o-00336-00111463-00111815 now it's a global community we all go to
PAdZbpmA-6o-00337-00111816-00112251 my presentation right so it's different
PAdZbpmA-6o-00338-00112252-00112515 time zone for it is it fair for some
PAdZbpmA-6o-00339-00112516-00112770 people who are in Hawaii you know
PAdZbpmA-6o-00340-00112771-00113019 probably not they really cannot attend
PAdZbpmA-6o-00341-00113020-00113289 this one so think about the implications
PAdZbpmA-6o-00342-00113290-00113625 of time so do we have to localize our
PAdZbpmA-6o-00343-00113626-00114027 global community right so right now
PAdZbpmA-6o-00344-00114028-00114242 because it's so complicated our
PAdZbpmA-6o-00345-00114243-00114507 recommendation for the for the faculty
PAdZbpmA-6o-00346-00114508-00114891 is to set up your time zone to China
PAdZbpmA-6o-00347-00114892-00115104 time everyone just a setter to the time
PAdZbpmA-6o-00348-00115105-00115373 though this this is the our constant
PAdZbpmA-6o-00349-00115374-00115644 okay and then you figure out the other
PAdZbpmA-6o-00350-00115645-00115875 things of yourself some faculty just
PAdZbpmA-6o-00351-00115876-00116157 abandon the deadlines for assignments so
PAdZbpmA-6o-00352-00116158-00116367 they were saying okay so you just
PAdZbpmA-6o-00353-00116368-00116724 finished by 6:00 p.m. of your local time
PAdZbpmA-6o-00354-00116725-00116922 I trust you
PAdZbpmA-6o-00355-00116923-00117174 okay you just submit at your local time
PAdZbpmA-6o-00356-00117175-00117450 6:00 p.m. I accept that
PAdZbpmA-6o-00357-00117451-00117705 because that must be fair for everyone
PAdZbpmA-6o-00358-00117706-00118095 okay so and you know think about those
PAdZbpmA-6o-00359-00118096-00118385 implications and also by the way they
PAdZbpmA-6o-00360-00118386-00118602 require for a long side to fix those
PAdZbpmA-6o-00361-00118603-00118968 time conversion bots in Sakai so it's a
PAdZbpmA-6o-00362-00118969-00119304 lot better now thank you don't know
PAdZbpmA-6o-00363-00119305-00119538 where you are but thank you
PAdZbpmA-6o-00364-00119539-00120004 so next is a mobility um due to this
PAdZbpmA-6o-00365-00120005-00120331 crisis we suddenly find the mobile
PAdZbpmA-6o-00366-00120332-00120499 phones are much more important than
PAdZbpmA-6o-00367-00120500-00120553 before
PAdZbpmA-6o-00368-00120554-00120871 for example many students went home they
PAdZbpmA-6o-00369-00120872-00121054 don't have their laptop with them but
PAdZbpmA-6o-00370-00121055-00121375 they carry the phone with them so when
PAdZbpmA-6o-00371-00121376-00121723 they are home they cannot study because
PAdZbpmA-6o-00372-00121724-00121891 they only have fun with them they don't
PAdZbpmA-6o-00373-00121892-00122200 even have their passport so if the
PAdZbpmA-6o-00374-00122201-00122491 materials are not mobile friendly they
PAdZbpmA-6o-00375-00122492-00122709 don't know what to do some of our
PAdZbpmA-6o-00376-00122710-00122995 students request has to be a
PAdZbpmA-6o-00377-00122996-00123181 demonstration for health so we actually
PAdZbpmA-6o-00378-00123182-00123459 shits at their laptop back home we have
PAdZbpmA-6o-00379-00123460-00123682 to pack that up and ship it at that home
PAdZbpmA-6o-00380-00123683-00123984 and it happened into a couple of faculty
PAdZbpmA-6o-00381-00123985-00124627 too so you know and also many of them
PAdZbpmA-6o-00382-00124628-00124966 don't have a stable internet connection
PAdZbpmA-6o-00383-00124967-00125283 at home but in the meantime they are 40
PAdZbpmA-6o-00384-00125284-00125583 connection is super so they cannot use
PAdZbpmA-6o-00385-00125584-00125856 their laptop but they can use that phone
PAdZbpmA-6o-00386-00125857-00126328 and this is just the reality during this
PAdZbpmA-6o-00387-00126329-00126772 crisis mobile make people more connected
PAdZbpmA-6o-00388-00126773-00126991 now laptop so really have to consider
PAdZbpmA-6o-00389-00126992-00127269 you know where does the learning happen
PAdZbpmA-6o-00390-00127270-00127645 it's just a restricted by laptop if you
PAdZbpmA-6o-00391-00127646-00127981 don't have a laptop you cannot learn is
PAdZbpmA-6o-00392-00127982-00128218 that the reality or how can we deal with
PAdZbpmA-6o-00393-00128219-00128674 that so we have seen this life style
PAdZbpmA-6o-00394-00128675-00129070 change because of the crisis and because
PAdZbpmA-6o-00395-00129071-00129355 of mobility so I will just give you a
PAdZbpmA-6o-00396-00129356-00129598 very simple example so I read the other
PAdZbpmA-6o-00397-00129599-00130222 day the pickpocket has greatly decreased
PAdZbpmA-6o-00398-00130223-00130582 in China in the past several years who
PAdZbpmA-6o-00399-00130583-00130927 eradicated the pickpockets on the
PAdZbpmA-6o-00400-00130928-00131464 streets here to guess who eradicated the
PAdZbpmA-6o-00401-00131465-00131725 pickpockets on the streets the mobile
PAdZbpmA-6o-00402-00131726-00131977 phones because nobody carry cash in
PAdZbpmA-6o-00403-00131978-00132415 their pocket okay so everything is paid
PAdZbpmA-6o-00404-00132416-00132836 on the app on their phone so here
PAdZbpmA-6o-00405-00132837-00133043 pockets just cannot make a living on the
PAdZbpmA-6o-00406-00133044-00133199 street they have to pick up another
PAdZbpmA-6o-00407-00133200-00133595 career that's just happened okay this is
PAdZbpmA-6o-00408-00133596-00133871 just a trend in China are not just in
PAdZbpmA-6o-00409-00133872-00134090 China it's around the world must have
PAdZbpmA-6o-00410-00134091-00134389 happened in some other places right and
PAdZbpmA-6o-00411-00134390-00134801 then we already implemented the 5g in
PAdZbpmA-6o-00412-00134802-00135214 many major cities in China but I think
PAdZbpmA-6o-00413-00135215-00135560 the higher education still yet to catch
PAdZbpmA-6o-00414-00135561-00135920 up with a 4G all right so when I talk
PAdZbpmA-6o-00415-00135921-00136184 about 4G I will ask you can you upload
PAdZbpmA-6o-00416-00136185-00136891 the video to Sakai in three steps can
PAdZbpmA-6o-00417-00136892-00137153 you upload a video to Sakai in three
PAdZbpmA-6o-00418-00137154-00137365 steps to share with your faculty and
PAdZbpmA-6o-00419-00137366-00137795 students you cannot do that you probably
PAdZbpmA-6o-00420-00137796-00138079 have an app for example what fire you
PAdZbpmA-6o-00421-00138080-00138248 have what's red or have something else
PAdZbpmA-6o-00422-00138249-00138371 you can't do that
PAdZbpmA-6o-00423-00138372-00138856 but with commercial apps for example
PAdZbpmA-6o-00424-00138857-00139277 throw in kick talk I think it's a kick
PAdZbpmA-6o-00425-00139278-00139640 talk you can't do that add interest very
PAdZbpmA-6o-00426-00139641-00140000 easily you would live with video
PAdZbpmA-6o-00427-00140001-00140318 broadcasting very easily three steps so
PAdZbpmA-6o-00428-00140319-00140645 it's yet to catch up you know if you
PAdZbpmA-6o-00429-00140646-00140819 don't have that capability mobile
PAdZbpmA-6o-00430-00140820-00141095 capability how can you implement hybrid
PAdZbpmA-6o-00431-00141096-00141377 teaching learning in the classroom you
PAdZbpmA-6o-00432-00141378-00141746 want a smart technology to work in the
PAdZbpmA-6o-00433-00141747-00141947 classroom you need to catch up with
PAdZbpmA-6o-00434-00141948-00142349 mobile technology this one I think is a
PAdZbpmA-6o-00435-00142350-00142640 pretty obvious interoperability we have
PAdZbpmA-6o-00436-00142641-00142907 so many tools we want to plug them into
PAdZbpmA-6o-00437-00142908-00143243 Sakai and students all in fact they all
PAdZbpmA-6o-00438-00143244-00143519 request this whenever they try to adopt
PAdZbpmA-6o-00439-00143520-00143789 a new technology faculty be Jesse can
PAdZbpmA-6o-00440-00143790-00144143 you put in Sakai they don't say that can
PAdZbpmA-6o-00441-00144144-00144431 you buy it the first thing they say can
PAdZbpmA-6o-00442-00144432-00144812 you put in Sakai so we can easily access
PAdZbpmA-6o-00443-00144813-00145256 it we did this with turning recently we
PAdZbpmA-6o-00444-00145257-00145574 still try to figure out lots of
PAdZbpmA-6o-00445-00145575-00145955 interesting work they have done and then
PAdZbpmA-6o-00446-00145956-00146224 recently we have this approach all
PAdZbpmA-6o-00447-00146225-00146506 and some faculty also said hypothesis
PAdZbpmA-6o-00448-00146507-00146715 you know the first thing is they can you
PAdZbpmA-6o-00449-00146716-00146893 put in Sakai I'm gonna use it in the
PAdZbpmA-6o-00450-00146894-00147070 next session that's the first thing they
PAdZbpmA-6o-00451-00147071-00147658 say so and also teams right so all the
PAdZbpmA-6o-00452-00147659-00147844 things to think about it
PAdZbpmA-6o-00453-00147845-00148261 so you want the user experience to be
PAdZbpmA-6o-00454-00148262-00148534 good so you need to really change your
PAdZbpmA-6o-00455-00148535-00148912 role it's not that we set up the system
PAdZbpmA-6o-00456-00148913-00149328 you use it and it's we need to adapt to
PAdZbpmA-6o-00457-00149329-00149604 what the users want you know what the
PAdZbpmA-6o-00458-00149605-00149920 students want what the faculty want what
PAdZbpmA-6o-00459-00149921-00150201 the learning requires they want
PAdZbpmA-6o-00460-00150202-00150456 simplicity they want easy navigation
PAdZbpmA-6o-00461-00150457-00150823 they want a single sign-on you know once
PAdZbpmA-6o-00462-00150824-00151120 does one stop for all so think about it
PAdZbpmA-6o-00463-00151121-00151510 Rita yes you have five minutes left
PAdZbpmA-6o-00464-00151511-00151825 oh I'm so sorry so I will just skip
PAdZbpmA-6o-00465-00151826-00152035 through as few things because these are
PAdZbpmA-6o-00466-00152036-00152403 all some of the major issues I don't
PAdZbpmA-6o-00467-00152404-00152698 really have an answer to them okay so
PAdZbpmA-6o-00468-00152699-00153172 for access privacy and security China is
PAdZbpmA-6o-00469-00153173-00153475 a very unique place lots of things are
PAdZbpmA-6o-00470-00153476-00153729 blocked also we need to implement the
PAdZbpmA-6o-00471-00153730-00154171 VPN but still think you know can people
PAdZbpmA-6o-00472-00154172-00154612 in Europe access a lot of things in
PAdZbpmA-6o-00473-00154613-00154864 China so they probably cannot read
PAdZbpmA-6o-00474-00154865-00155122 anything in Chinese right so language
PAdZbpmA-6o-00475-00155123-00155527 also is a barrier um we try to learn
PAdZbpmA-6o-00476-00155528-00155899 from all the countries if possible even
PAdZbpmA-6o-00477-00155900-00156118 though our English it's a private
PAdZbpmA-6o-00478-00156119-00156408 language but how can you get access to
PAdZbpmA-6o-00479-00156409-00156777 materials from other countries which is
PAdZbpmA-6o-00480-00156778-00157189 written in another language and also
PAdZbpmA-6o-00481-00157190-00157471 collaboration already mentioned a few
PAdZbpmA-6o-00482-00157472-00157756 things about communication you know
PAdZbpmA-6o-00483-00157757-00158115 students with other students you need to
PAdZbpmA-6o-00484-00158116-00158407 have incident messaging so that's why a
PAdZbpmA-6o-00485-00158408-00158656 lot of people like teams they want to
PAdZbpmA-6o-00486-00158657-00159058 implement that and and also in the
PAdZbpmA-6o-00487-00159059-00159262 college you have such a tight
PAdZbpmA-6o-00488-00159263-00159544 communication with your faculty in the
PAdZbpmA-6o-00489-00159545-00159640 hallways
PAdZbpmA-6o-00490-00159641-00159922 during launch how can you do that online
PAdZbpmA-6o-00491-00159923-00160252 you have to figure something you know it
PAdZbpmA-6o-00492-00160253-00160486 reminds me of the second our lives I
PAdZbpmA-6o-00493-00160487-00160663 don't know if you guys remember second
PAdZbpmA-6o-00494-00160664-00161041 life maybe it's the time to bring that
PAdZbpmA-6o-00495-00161042-00161629 back to life so in the future at least
PAdZbpmA-6o-00496-00161630-00161926 recently future in the fall we have to
PAdZbpmA-6o-00497-00161927-00162202 consider resilient teaching and we
PAdZbpmA-6o-00498-00162203-00162484 consider Sakaya to as the launching pad
PAdZbpmA-6o-00499-00162485-00162772 for everything we need to keep it open
PAdZbpmA-6o-00500-00162773-00163096 we need to make it equitable and
PAdZbpmA-6o-00501-00163097-00163377 scalable accessible to everyone
PAdZbpmA-6o-00502-00163378-00163774 we also need to find out how it combined
PAdZbpmA-6o-00503-00163775-00164157 with the face-to-face communication and
PAdZbpmA-6o-00504-00164158-00164544 how you think about the resilient
PAdZbpmA-6o-00505-00164545-00165040 teaching and that will become a flexible
PAdZbpmA-6o-00506-00165041-00165325 and adaptable to many different
PAdZbpmA-6o-00507-00165326-00165745 scenarios so think about this what I
PAdZbpmA-6o-00508-00165746-00166015 call human centered design not just
PAdZbpmA-6o-00509-00166016-00166437 about administrative rules or location
PAdZbpmA-6o-00510-00166438-00166834 okay so I have some resources for you
PAdZbpmA-6o-00511-00166835-00167125 guys to think about I will I think I
PAdZbpmA-6o-00512-00167126-00167326 already added a link in the discussion
PAdZbpmA-6o-00513-00167327-00167571 forum if you want to access that I
PAdZbpmA-6o-00514-00167572-00167896 highly recommend some of the things here
PAdZbpmA-6o-00515-00167897-00168217 so for example the Stanford report they
PAdZbpmA-6o-00516-00168218-00168532 think about different ways to run the
PAdZbpmA-6o-00517-00168533-00168706 higher education so I highly recommend
PAdZbpmA-6o-00518-00168707-00169087 this one okay so I believe there are
PAdZbpmA-6o-00519-00169088-00169342 some questions I see some chat yeah
PAdZbpmA-6o-00520-00169343-00169390 thank you
PAdZbpmA-6o-00521-00169391-00169834 we said our two questions from you wait
PAdZbpmA-6o-00522-00169835-00170089 why do you use great scope instead of
PAdZbpmA-6o-00523-00170090-00170437 the built in Sakai gradebook oh the
PAdZbpmA-6o-00524-00170438-00170917 grace code grace called accepts these
PAdZbpmA-6o-00525-00170918-00171409 scans handwriting's in some of the
PAdZbpmA-6o-00526-00171410-00171676 subjects the for example math and
PAdZbpmA-6o-00527-00171677-00171955 chemistry the requires didn't write down
PAdZbpmA-6o-00528-00171956-00172210 the process on a piece of paper then
PAdZbpmA-6o-00529-00172211-00172543 students get as a PDF upload and the
PAdZbpmA-6o-00530-00172544-00172792 faculty can look at it I don't think
PAdZbpmA-6o-00531-00172793-00172981 it's like I can do that
PAdZbpmA-6o-00532-00172982-00173496 very easily and the gray scope can also
PAdZbpmA-6o-00533-00173497-00173871 men automatically grade the some of the
PAdZbpmA-6o-00534-00173872-00174077 papers that recognize the handwriting
PAdZbpmA-6o-00535-00174078-00174429 yeah we have one minute left there's
PAdZbpmA-6o-00536-00174430-00174666 another question which you won't do
PAdZbpmA-6o-00537-00174667-00174934 dates based on local time or students
PAdZbpmA-6o-00538-00174935-00175221 and for that to be automatic to be more
PAdZbpmA-6o-00539-00175222-00175716 inclusive I think that up to the faculty
PAdZbpmA-6o-00540-00175717-00176293 to discuss that definitely could be one
PAdZbpmA-6o-00541-00176294-00176535 of the options you know make it the
PAdZbpmA-6o-00542-00176536-00176874 students look good time and also why
PAdZbpmA-6o-00543-00176875-00177240 don't you just make it the day you know
PAdZbpmA-6o-00544-00177241-00177609 finish it on Friday you know finish on
PAdZbpmA-6o-00545-00177610-00177804 Friday any timeframe doing Friday
PAdZbpmA-6o-00546-00177805-00178083 because everyone moves at a different
PAdZbpmA-6o-00547-00178084-00178444 pace if it's a personalized learning or
PAdZbpmA-6o-00548-00178445-00178872 why do you have this cutoff date cut off
PAdZbpmA-6o-00549-00178873-00179158 time at a 6 p.m. so if the students I
PAdZbpmA-6o-00550-00179159-00179373 made on Friday should not be good enough
PAdZbpmA-6o-00551-00179374-00179670 so we have all sorts of the interesting
PAdZbpmA-6o-00552-00179671-00179985 discussions about time yeah okay right
PAdZbpmA-6o-00553-00179986-00180958 on time I'll stop the recording
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00000-00000010-00000257 the history of Trinidad and Tobago
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00001-00000258-00000440 begins with the settlements of the
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00002-00000441-00000659 islands by Emmer Indians specifically
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00003-00000660-00000947 the island Caribbean Arawak peoples both
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00004-00000948-00001139 islands were explored by Christopher
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00005-00001140-00001428 Columbus on his third voyage in 1498
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00006-00001429-00001703 Trinidad remained in Spanish hands until
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00007-00001704-00001970 1797 but it was largely settled by
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00008-00001971-00002267 French colonists Tobago changed hands
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00009-00002268-00002477 between the British French Dutch and
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00010-00002478-00002693 courlander's but eventually ended up in
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00011-00002694-00002864 British hands following the second
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00012-00002865-00003268 Treaty of Paris 1814 in 1889 the two
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00013-00003269-00003475 islands were incorporated into a single
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00014-00003476-00003718 Crown Colony Trinidad and Tobago
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00015-00003719-00003916 obtained its independence from the
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00016-00003917-00004186 British Empire in 1962 and became a
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00017-00004187-00004897 republic in 1976
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00018-00004898-00005474 topic pre-columbian period
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00019-00005475-00005815 you
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00020-00005816-00006393 topic native-american settlement
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00021-00006394-00006648 prior to the arrival of Europeans the
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00022-00006650-00006817 island was inhabited by the indigenous
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00023-00006818-00007105 Arawak people and Carib people the
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00024-00007106-00007306 Caribs settled the northwest side of the
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00025-00007306-00007528 island around ARIMA and mukarat Oh
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00026-00007529-00007705 while the Arawaks concentrated to the
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00027-00007706-00007959 southeast mittens have been found in
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00028-00007961-00008614 Cedros Palo Seco and Aran
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00029-00008615-00009159 topic Spanish period
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00030-00009160-00009498 you
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00031-00009499-00010071 topic the arrival of Columbus
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00032-00010072-00010296 the first contact with Europeans
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00033-00010297-00010498 occurred when Christopher Columbus who
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00034-00010499-00010635 was on his third voyage of exploration
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00035-00010636-00011013 arrived at noon on the 31st of July 1498
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00036-00011014-00011289 he landed at a harbor he called Point
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00037-00011290-00011494 Galera while naming the island Trinidad
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00038-00011495-00011706 before proceeding into the Gulf of Perea
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00039-00011707-00011851 via the Serpent's mouth and the
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00040-00011852-00012501 Caribbean Sea via dragon's mouth
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00041-00012502-00013113 topic colonial settlement of Trinidad
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00042-00013113-00013308 Trinidad is reported to have been
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00043-00013309-00013515 densely populated at the beginning of
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00044-00013516-00013815 the colonial period although in 1510
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00045-00013816-00013980 Trinidad was said to have the only
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00046-00013981-00014291 peaceful Indians along the whole South
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00047-00014293-00014502 American coast demand for slaves to
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00048-00014503-00014666 supply the pearl fisheries in nearby
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00049-00014668-00014835 Isla Margarita led to them being
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00050-00014836-00015144 declared Caribs and thus fair game for
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00051-00015144-00015480 slavers in 1511 as a consequence of this
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00052-00015481-00015729 trinidad and tobago became the focus of
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00053-00015730-00015938 spanish slaving raids primarily to
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00054-00015940-00016131 supply margaritas pearl fisheries in
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00055-00016132-00016407 1530 Antonio Cedeno was appointed
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00056-00016408-00016671 governor granted a contract to settle
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00057-00016672-00016875 Trinidad with an eye toward discovering
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00058-00016876-00017079 long rumored Eldorado and controlling
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00059-00017080-00017385 the trade in slaves in 1532 he attempted
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00060-00017386-00017574 to establish a settlement but was driven
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00061-00017575-00017747 off the island following the Battle of
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00062-00017748-00017955 Kumu Groppo or the place of the silk
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00063-00017956-00018216 cotton tree he withdrew to Margherita
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00064-00018217-00018411 but he returned a year later and built a
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00065-00018412-00018597 settlement at cim yux grappa modern
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00066-00018598-00018782 mukara PO in what is now Port of Spain
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00067-00018783-00019068 after failing to attract more settlers
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00068-00019069-00019269 to Trinidad Cedeno was forced to
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00069-00019270-00019700 withdraw in 1534 in 1553 Juan Cedeno was
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00070-00019701-00019893 authorised to settle Trinidad but the
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00071-00019894-00020049 contract was never fulfilled
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00072-00020050-00020463 in 1569 one trokey ponce de leon built a
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00073-00020464-00020763 town of the circumcision probably around
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00074-00020764-00021027 modern Lavin tell in 1570 this
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00075-00021028-00021369 settlement was abandoned in 1592 antonio
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00076-00021370-00021597 de barrio established the first lasting
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00077-00021598-00021840 settlement the town of san jose de Renea
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00078-00021841-00022097 the modern st. Joseph's Sir Walter
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00079-00022098-00022284 Raleigh who is searching for El Dorado
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00080-00022285-00022592 arrived in Trinidad on the 22nd of March
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00081-00022593-00022887 1595 and soon attacked San Jose and
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00082-00022888-00023067 captured and interrogated de barrio
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00083-00023068-00023300 obtaining much information from him and
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00084-00023301-00023496 from the cacique topi owari lack of
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00085-00023497-00023682 Spanish ships arriving on a regular
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00086-00023683-00023900 basis forced the settlers to trade with
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00087-00023901-00024060 the English French and Dutch in
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00088-00024061-00024339 violation of the Spanish exclusive the
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00089-00024340-00024543 Spanish also lacked the means to defend
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00090-00024544-00024786 the colony which consisted of only 24
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00091-00024787-00025152 Spanish settlers in 1625 thus the Dutch
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00092-00025153-00025361 attacked Saint Joseph with impunity in
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00093-00025362-00025824 1637 by 1671 the island included 80
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00094-00025825-00026175 settlers and 80 domesticated Amerindians
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00095-00026176-00026333 by 1772
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00096-00026334-00026469 the Spanish capital
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00097-00026470-00026769 st. Joseph had a population of 326
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00098-00026770-00027089 Spaniards and 417 Amerindians yet the
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00099-00027091-00027267 houses consisted of mud huts with
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00100-00027268-00027552 thatched roofs in general lacking gold
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00101-00027552-00027752 the island was poor and undeveloped
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00102-00027754-00027948 inducing many to leave the captaincy
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00103-00027949-00028218 General of Venezuela Spanish capitaine
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00104-00028219-00028437 iya general de Venezuela was created on
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00105-00028438-00028733 September 8 1777 through the royal
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00106-00028735-00028944 decree of graces of Charles the third of
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00107-00028945-00029151 bourbon to provide more autonomy for the
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00108-00029152-00029385 provinces of Venezuela include Trinidad
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00109-00029386-00029601 previously under the jurisdiction of the
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00110-00029602-00029817 Viceroyalty of New Granada in the Audion
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00111-00029818-00030069 Zia of Santo Domingo the crown
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00112-00030070-00030264 established a unified government in
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00113-00030264-00030447 political governorship military
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00114-00030448-00030708 captaincy general fiscal in tendency and
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00115-00030708-00031008 judicial audience iya Affairs its
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00116-00031008-00031185 creation was part of the Bourbon reforms
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00117-00031186-00031364 and laid the groundwork for the future
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00118-00031366-00031626 nation of Venezuela in particular by
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00119-00031627-00031794 orienting the province of Maracaibo
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00120-00031795-00032454 towards the province of Caracas
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00121-00032455-00033078 topic colonial settlement of Tobago
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00122-00033079-00033363 in Tobago the first Dutch colony of new
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00123-00033364-00033650 Walter n new Walter on was short-lived
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00124-00033651-00033927 68 colonists established Fort Bliss
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00125-00033928-00034233 Eagan Fort flushing near modern Plymouth
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00126-00034234-00034542 in 1628 they were reinforced by a few
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00127-00034543-00034731 hundred more settlers from Zealand in
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00128-00034732-00035178 1629 and 1632 attempted colonies by
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00129-00035179-00035652 Courland in 1637 1639 and 1642 in
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00130-00035653-00036159 england in 1649 1642 and 1647 all failed
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00131-00036160-00036468 in May and September 1650 for Kurush and
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00132-00036469-00036599 Dutch colonies were re-established
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00133-00036600-00036906 successfully the Kurush colony of no
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00134-00036907-00037176 Kurland new Courland was centered at
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00135-00037177-00037410 fort jacob on great Courland bay the
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00136-00037411-00037596 dutch colony on the other side of the
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00137-00037597-00037803 island had three forts lamps ensberg
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00138-00037804-00038238 beveren and bella vista in 1658 500
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00139-00038239-00038430 Frenchmen joined the Dutch colony but
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00140-00038431-00038601 formed their own settlement called Three
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00141-00038602-00038838 Rivers liqueur da date while Revere's on
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00142-00038839-00039174 the 11th of December 1659 the
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00143-00039175-00039348 courlander's peaceably surrendered their
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00144-00039349-00039612 colony to the Dutch at the time the
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00145-00039613-00039927 island held about 1500 Europeans and
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00146-00039928-00040191 around 7,000 African slaves working on
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00147-00040192-00040518 120 plantations supporting six or seven
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00148-00040519-00040725 sugar mills and two rum distilleries
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00149-00040726-00040932 British Jamaican pirates captured the
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00150-00040933-00041241 island in January 1666 the official
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00151-00041242-00041430 English garrison surrendered to a French
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00152-00041431-00041703 attack in August the same year the Dutch
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00153-00041704-00041928 Admiral Abraham crime-scene reclaimed a
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00154-00041929-00042222 deserted colony in April 16 67 and
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00155-00042223-00042465 re-established a fort an attempt to
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00156-00042466-00042648 restore the courage fort Jacob was
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00157-00042649-00043017 suppressed in December 16 68 in December
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00158-00043018-00043290 16 72 the British attacked and destroyed
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00159-00043291-00043491 the Dutch colony as part of the third
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00160-00043492-00043761 anglo-dutch war Dutch control was
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00161-00043762-00043944 regained under the status quo ante
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00162-00043945-00044100 provisions of the second Treaty of
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00163-00044101-00044532 Westminster in 1674 in September 16 76
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00164-00044533-00044721 forts Terra shion's was constructed near
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00165-00044722-00044982 the ruins of Fort listenin this star
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00166-00044983-00045318 fort was reinforced in February 16 77
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00167-00045319-00045558 but French attacks in February March and
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00168-00045559-00045777 December of that year finally succeeded
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00169-00045778-00045930 in killing the Dutch governor and
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00170-00045931-00046233 capturing the island in 1749 Britain and
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00171-00046234-00046432 France agreed to keep the island neutral
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00172-00046433-00046696 but Britain took control after 1763
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00173-00046697-00046921 prompting France to capture the island
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00174-00046922-00047179 in 1781 then Britain to recapture the
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00175-00047180-00047623 island in 1793 the population in 1771
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00176-00047624-00048036 was 5,084 of which only 243 were white
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00177-00048037-00048532 and 4700 16 were slaves in 1791 the
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00178-00048533-00048936 population was 15,000 20 of which 541
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00179-00048937-00049262 were white and 14,000 170 were slaves
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00180-00049263-00049630 there were then 37 sugar factories 99
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00181-00049631-00049883 cotton factories and 4 Coffee factories
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00182-00049884-00050286 after nutmeg was discovered in 1768 40
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00183-00050287-00050542 nutmeg plantations were started the
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00184-00050543-00050755 island became a British acquisition for
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00185-00050756-00051021 good in 1802 with a ratified treaty in
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00186-00051022-00051601 1814
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00187-00051602-00052038 topic Spanish missions in Trinidad
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00188-00052039-00052197 you
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00189-00052198-00052425 Spanish missions were established as
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00190-00052426-00052641 part of the Spanish colonization here as
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00191-00052641-00052930 in its other new new world conquests in
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00192-00052932-00053216 1687 the Catalan Capetian friars were
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00193-00053217-00053424 given responsibility for the conversion
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00194-00053425-00053652 of the indigenous population of Trinidad
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00195-00053653-00053988 and the giannis in 1713 the missions
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00196-00053989-00054179 were handed over to the secular clergy
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00197-00054179-00054426 due to shortages of missionaries
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00198-00054427-00054588 although the missions were established
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00199-00054589-00054735 they often went without Christian
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00200-00054736-00054935 instruction for long periods of time
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00201-00054936-00055383 between 1687 and 1700 several missions
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00202-00055384-00055587 were founded in Trinidad but only four
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00203-00055588-00055770 survived as Amerindian villages
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00204-00055771-00055977 throughout the 18th century ylönen
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00205-00055978-00056199 sierra de nasser at DISA vanna Grande
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00206-00056200-00056391 modern Prince's town purissima
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00207-00056391-00056670 concepción de maria Santissima de Garay
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00208-00056671-00056928 modern san fernando santa ana de salve
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00209-00056929-00057165 anita modern savoir a de nuestra senora
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00210-00057166-00057258 de monserate
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00211-00057259-00057522 probably modern Mayo the mission of
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00212-00057523-00057753 Santa Rosa de Rima was established in
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00213-00057754-00058044 1789 when Amerindians from the former
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00214-00058045-00058263 encomienda zuv tequila and ER Alka
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00215-00058264-00058497 Arouca were relocated further east they
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00216-00058498-00058691 settled in Santa Rosa close to the town
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00217-00058692-00059103 of ARIMA in 1687 the Catalan Capetian
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00218-00059104-00059322 friars were given responsibility for the
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00219-00059323-00059469 conversion of the indigenous population
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00220-00059470-00059886 of Trinidad and the giannis in 1713 the
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00221-00059887-00060057 missions were handed over to the secular
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00222-00060058-00060357 clergy tensions between priests and
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00223-00060358-00060585 Amerindians led to the arena massacre of
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00224-00060586-00060854 1699 wherein the Amerindians murdered
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00225-00060855-00061104 the priests after being hunted by the
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00226-00061104-00061308 Spanish the survivors are reported to
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00227-00061309-00061485 have committed suicide by jumping off
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00228-00061486-00062077 cliffs into the sea
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00229-00062078-00062676 topic French settlement in Trinidad
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00230-00062677-00062910 although Spanish settlement began in the
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00231-00062911-00063305 16th century the census of 1777 recorded
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00232-00063307-00063690 only 2763 people as living on the island
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00233-00063691-00063894 including some 2,000 Arawaks
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00234-00063895-00064332 in 1777 room a de Saint Laurent proposed
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00235-00064333-00064505 French planters from the islands of
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00236-00064507-00064785 Martinique Guadeloupe Dominica st. Lucia
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00237-00064786-00064976 Saint Vincent and Granada and their
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00238-00064977-00065282 African slaves immigrated to Trinidad he
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00239-00065283-00065841 estimated 1530 to whites with 30 3322 of
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00240-00065842-00066024 their slaves would be interested in such
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00241-00066025-00066210 a proposal the Spanish gave many
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00242-00066211-00066393 incentives to lure settlers to the
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00243-00066394-00066609 island including exemption from taxes
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00244-00066610-00066774 for ten years in land grants in
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00245-00066775-00066942 accordance to the terms set out in the
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00246-00066943-00067305 settler in 1783 the proclamation of a
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00247-00067306-00067509 settler of population by the Spanish
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00248-00067510-00067860 crown granted 32 acres 129 thousand
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00249-00067861-00068055 square meters of land to each Roman
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00250-00068056-00068259 Catholic who settled in Trinidad in half
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00251-00068260-00068468 as much for each slave that they brought
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00252-00068469-00068871 uniquely 16 acres 65,000 square meters
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00253-00068872-00069078 was offered to each free colored or free
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00254-00069079-00069326 person of color gens de color Libre as
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00255-00069327-00069504 they were later known and half as much
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00256-00069505-00069729 for each slave they brought French
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00257-00069730-00069948 planters with their slaves free collards
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00258-00069949-00070122 and mulattoes from neighboring islands
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00259-00070123-00070331 of Grenada Guadeloupe Martinique and
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00260-00070332-00070560 Dominica migrated to the Trinidad during
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00261-00070561-00070773 the French Revolution these new
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00262-00070774-00070917 immigrants establishing local
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00263-00070918-00071138 communities of blanche a sous champs
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00264-00071139-00071409 fleur Perriman cascade karin aegean lav
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00265-00071410-00071700 until this resulted in Trinidad having
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00266-00071701-00071838 the unique feature of a large
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00267-00071839-00072012 french-speaking free Colored slave
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00268-00072013-00072324 owning class by the time the island was
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00269-00072325-00072581 surrendered to the British in 1797 the
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00270-00072582-00072801 population had increased to seventeen
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00271-00072802-00073026 thousand six hundred forty three to two
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00272-00073027-00073238 thousand eighty six whites four thousand
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00273-00073239-00073451 four hundred sixty-six free people of
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00274-00073452-00073781 color 1082 amerindians and ten thousand
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00275-00073782-00074061 nine African slaves in addition there
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00276-00074062-00074412 were 159 sugar estates 130 coffee
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00277-00074413-00074760 estates 60 cocoa estates and 103 cotton
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00278-00074761-00075003 estates yet the island remained
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00279-00075004-00075554 unfortified
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00280-00075555-00076091 topic British period
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00281-00076092-00076459 in 1797 a British force led by General
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00282-00076460-00076640 Sir Ralph Abercromby launched the
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00283-00076641-00076924 invasion of Trinidad his squadron sailed
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00284-00076925-00077084 through the Bocas and anchored off the
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00285-00077085-00077326 coast of shag Aramis the Spanish
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00286-00077327-00077506 governor Chacon decided to capitulate
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00287-00077507-00077621 without fighting
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00288-00077622-00077830 Trinidad thus became a British Crown
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00289-00077831-00078013 Colony with a french-speaking population
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00290-00078014-00078328 and Spanish loss British rule was
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00291-00078329-00078526 formalized under the Treaty of Amiens
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00292-00078527-00078919 to British rule led to an influx of
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00293-00078920-00079105 settlers from the United Kingdom and the
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00294-00079106-00079261 British colonies of the Eastern
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00295-00079262-00079591 Caribbean English Scots Irish German and
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00296-00079592-00079843 Italian families arrived under British
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00297-00079844-00080047 rule new estates were created and the
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00298-00080048-00080263 import of slaves did increase but this
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00299-00080264-00080447 was the period of abolitionism in
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00300-00080448-00080617 England and the slave trade was under
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00301-00080618-00080947 attack slavery was abolished in 1833
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00302-00080948-00081186 after which former slaves served an
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00303-00081187-00081466 apprenticeship period which ended on the
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00304-00081467-00081688 1st of August 1838 with full
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00305-00081689-00081925 emancipation an overview of the
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00306-00081926-00082219 population statistics in 1838 however
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00307-00082220-00082411 clearly reveals the contrast between
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00308-00082412-00082612 trinidad and its neighboring islands
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00309-00082613-00082891 upon emancipation of the slaves in 1838
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00310-00082892-00083246 trinidad had only seventeen thousand 439
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00311-00083247-00083449 slaves with 80 percent of slave owners
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00312-00083450-00083706 having fewer than ten slaves each in
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00313-00083707-00083974 contrast at twice the size of trinidad
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00314-00083975-00084313 jamaica had roughly 360,000 slaves on
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00315-00084314-00084596 the 20th of october 1898 the British
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00316-00084597-00084757 government made Tobago a ward of
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00317-00084758-00085290 Trinidad
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00318-00085291-00085818 topic end of slavery
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00319-00085819-00086211 in August 1816 700 former slaves from
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00320-00086212-00086393 the US south who had escaped to the
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00321-00086394-00086649 British lines during the war of 1812 and
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00322-00086650-00086793 had been recruited as a corps of
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00323-00086794-00086961 colonial Marines were settled in
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00324-00086962-00087206 Trinidad after serving for 14 months at
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00325-00087207-00087498 the Royal Naval Dockyard Bermuda after
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00326-00087499-00087692 rejecting British government orders for
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00327-00087693-00087905 transfer to the West India regiment and
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00328-00087906-00088098 on the Admiralty refusing to continue
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00329-00088099-00088301 responsibility for them they finally
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00330-00088302-00088493 accepted but only with reluctance a
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00331-00088494-00088655 government offer of settlement in
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00332-00088656-00088941 Trinidad these ex colonial Marines were
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00333-00088942-00089154 organized by the authorities in villages
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00334-00089155-00089351 according to their military companies in
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00335-00089352-00089486 Trinidad and Tobago
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00336-00089487-00089711 as in other Caribbean slave colonies an
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00337-00089712-00089865 attempt was made to circumvent the
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00338-00089866-00090222 abolition of slavery in 1833 the first
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00339-00090223-00090405 announcement from Whitehall in England
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00340-00090406-00090581 that slaves would be totally freed by
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00341-00090582-00090962 1840 was made in 1833 in the meantime
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00342-00090963-00091217 slaves on plantations were expected to
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00343-00091218-00091375 remain where they were in work as
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00344-00091376-00091724 apprentices for the next six years
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00345-00091725-00091980 Trinidad and Tobago demonstrated a
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00346-00091981-00092231 successful use of nonviolent protest and
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00347-00092232-00092500 passive resistance on the 1st of August
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00348-00092501-00092799 1834 an unarmed group of mainly elderly
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00349-00092800-00092981 ex-slaves being addressed by the
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00350-00092982-00093159 governor at Government House about the
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00351-00093160-00093471 new laws began chanting pod 2 6a and ass
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00352-00093472-00094042 point 2 6 ANS not six years no six years
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00353-00094043-00094316 drowning out the voice of the governor
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00354-00094317-00094568 peaceful protests continued until a
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00355-00094569-00094781 resolution to abolish apprenticeship was
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00356-00094782-00094988 passed and de facto freedom was achieved
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00357-00094989-00095241 this may have been partially due to the
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00358-00095242-00095391 influence of dr. jean-baptiste
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00359-00095392-00095780 Philippe's book a free mulatto 1824 at
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00360-00095781-00095979 the request of Governor Sir George
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00361-00095980-00096224 Fitzgerald Hill on the 25th of July
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00362-00096225-00096443 dr. jean-baptiste Philippe the first
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00363-00096444-00096654 colored member of the council proposed a
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00364-00096655-00096840 resolution to end apprenticeship and
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00365-00096841-00097200 this was passed full
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00366-00097201-00097395 a patient for all was finally legally
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00367-00097396-00097593 granted ahead of schedule on the 1st of
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00368-00097594-00098209 August 1838
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00369-00098210-00098503 topic agricultural development and
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00370-00098504-00098937 indentured labor
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00371-00098938-00099144 the sugarcane plantations which
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00372-00099145-00099339 dominated the economy of Trinidad and
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00373-00099340-00099594 Tobago in the 19th century gradually
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00374-00099595-00099827 gave ground to the cultivation of cacao
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00375-00099828-00100092 Trinidad and Tobago chocolate became a
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00376-00100093-00100170 high-priced
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00377-00100171-00100449 much sought-after commodity the colonial
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00378-00100450-00100620 government opened land to settlers
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00379-00100621-00100862 interested in establishing cacao estates
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00380-00100863-00101151 French Creoles white Trinidadian elites
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00381-00101152-00101307 descended from the original French
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00382-00101308-00101478 settlers were being marginalized
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00383-00101479-00101703 economically by large English business
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00384-00101704-00101859 concerns who were buying up sugar
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00385-00101860-00102048 plantations and this gave them a fresh
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00386-00102049-00102290 avenue of economic development
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00387-00102291-00102536 Venezuelan farmers with experience in
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00388-00102538-00102750 cacao cultivation were also encouraged
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00389-00102751-00102975 to settle in trinidad and tobago where
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00390-00102976-00103164 they provided much of the early labor in
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00391-00103165-00103436 these estates many of the former cocoa
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00392-00103438-00103656 producing areas of Trinidad retain a
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00393-00103657-00103872 distinctly Spanish flavor and many of
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00394-00103873-00104073 the descendants of the cocoa panels from
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00395-00104074-00104292 espanol remain in these areas including
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00396-00104293-00104502 Trinidad and Tobago z-- most famous
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00397-00104503-00104925 cricketer Brian Charles Lara in 1844 the
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00398-00104926-00105051 British government allowed the
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00399-00105052-00105354 emigration of 2,500 Indian workers as
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00400-00105355-00105546 indentured servants from Calcutta and
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00401-00105547-00105840 Madras according to Williams this was an
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00402-00105841-00106044 effort to provide an adequate and
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00403-00106045-00106350 dependable supply of labour one-third of
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00404-00106351-00106590 the cost of passage including return was
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00405-00106591-00106875 to born as a public expense additional
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00406-00106876-00107052 funds were provided for the office of
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00407-00107053-00107241 protector of immigrants medical and
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00408-00107242-00107529 police services wages were set at two
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00409-00107530-00107739 dollars and 40 cents per month for males
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00410-00107740-00107967 and one dollar and forty five cents per
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00411-00107968-00108315 month for females in 1899 the working
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00412-00108316-00108570 day was fixed at nine hours they could
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00413-00108571-00108738 buy a plot of land in exchange for
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00414-00108739-00109203 return passage between 1838 and 1917 one
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00415-00109204-00109374 hundred forty-five thousand Indians
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00416-00109375-00109680 emigrated to Trinidad many Indian
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00417-00109681-00109821 immigrants who had completed their
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00418-00109822-00110040 indenture ship also established cocoa
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00419-00110041-00110283 estates most notable of them being
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00420-00110283-00110526 Goku Maya a Kashmiri born immigrant who
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00421-00110527-00110664 went on to the become one of the
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00422-00110665-00110864 wealthiest men in trinidad and tobago
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00423-00110865-00111110 the Indian community has steadily
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00424-00111111-00111324 prospered and grown until now it makes
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00425-00111325-00111600 up about 35% of the population of the
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00426-00111601-00111822 nation the largest ethnic group by about
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00427-00111823-00112164 1% the arrival of witch's broom and
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00428-00112165-00112299 black pod diseases
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00429-00112300-00112491 the 1930s coupled with the Great
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00430-00112492-00112707 Depression destroyed the cacao industry
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00431-00112708-00112850 in trinidad and tobago
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00432-00112851-00113108 although prices for trinidad and tobago
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00433-00113109-00113331 cocoa beans remains high on the world
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00434-00113332-00113568 markets cocoa is no more than a marginal
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00435-00113569-00113853 crop relations between the Indian
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00436-00113854-00114033 immigrants and both the British and the
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00437-00114033-00114236 black population were generally strained
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00438-00114238-00114423 and occasionally erupted into violence
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00439-00114424-00115176 such as the 1884 husai massacre
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00440-00115177-00115716 topic discovery of oil
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00441-00115717-00115957 the American Merrimack oil company
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00442-00115958-00116166 drilled an early oil well at La Brea at
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00443-00116167-00116511 Trinidad & Tobago in 1857 where oil was
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00444-00116512-00116838 struck at 280 feet 85 meters also
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00445-00116839-00117033 mentioned as the pioneering work of
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00446-00117034-00117291 capped Darwin with his Paria petroleum
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00447-00117292-00117513 company limited and Conrad F Stoll Meyer
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00448-00117514-00117726 who is great-grandfather of Republic
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00449-00117727-00117951 banks then chairman former West Indies
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00450-00117952-00118168 cricket captain Jeffrey Stowell Meyer an
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00451-00118169-00118353 entrepreneur of that period who felt
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00452-00118354-00118531 that a combustible fuel could not be
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00453-00118532-00118681 distilled out of the asphalt from the
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00454-00118682-00118935 pitch lake the other point of view from
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00455-00118936-00119170 capped Darwin was that a combustible
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00456-00119171-00119368 fuel refined from oil drilled from the
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00457-00119369-00119541 earth would be the ideal fuel for the
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00458-00119542-00120015 future in either 1865 1866 or 1867
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00459-00120016-00120207 according to different accounts the
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00460-00120208-00120423 American civil engineer Walter Darwin
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00461-00120424-00120665 discovered and produced oil at era para
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00462-00120666-00121026 efforts in 1867 to begin production by
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00463-00121027-00121219 the trinidad and tobago petroleum
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00464-00121220-00121389 company at la brea and the Paria
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00465-00121390-00121590 Petroleum Company at era para were
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00466-00121591-00121788 poorly financed and abandoned after
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00467-00121789-00122072 Walter Darwin died of yellow fever in
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00468-00122073-00122403 1893 mr. Randolph rust along with his
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00469-00122404-00122586 neighbor mr. Leal um drilled a
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00470-00122587-00122739 successful well near Darwin's original
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00471-00122740-00123045 one by early nineteen oh seven major
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00472-00123046-00123273 drilling operations began roads and
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00473-00123274-00123534 other infrastructure were built annual
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00474-00123535-00123745 production of oil in trinidad and tobago
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00475-00123746-00123963 reached forty-seven thousand barrels
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00476-00123964-00124219 seven thousand five hundred cubic meters
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00477-00124220-00124497 by 1910 and kept rapidly increasing year
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00478-00124498-00124716 by year estimated oil production in
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00479-00124717-00125045 trinidad and tobago in 2005 was about
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00480-00125046-00125370 150,000 barrels d 24 thousand cubic
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00481-00125371-00125951 meters d
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00482-00125952-00126641 topic 20th century political development
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00483-00126642-00126906 Trinidad was ruled as a crown colony
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00484-00126907-00127091 with no elected representation until
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00485-00127092-00127218 1925
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00486-00127219-00127488 although Tobago had an elected assembly
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00487-00127489-00127695 this was dissolved prior to the union of
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00488-00127696-00128009 the two islands in 1925 the first
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00489-00128010-00128169 elections to the Legislative Council
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00490-00128170-00128493 were held 7 of the 13 members were
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00491-00128494-00128679 elected the others were nominated by the
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00492-00128680-00128964 governor the franchise was determined by
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00493-00128965-00129125 income property and residence
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00494-00129126-00129342 qualifications and was limited to men
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00495-00129343-00129558 over the age of 21 and women over the
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00496-00129558-00129915 age of 30 the 1946 elections were the
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00497-00129916-00130135 first with universal adult suffrage
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00498-00130136-00130614 labor riots in 1937 led by tu B Butler
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00499-00130615-00130788 an immigrant from the neighboring island
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00500-00130789-00130983 of Grenada shook the country and led to
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00501-00130983-00131169 the formation of the modern trade union
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00502-00131170-00131513 movement Butler was jailed from 1937 to
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00503-00131514-00131814 1939 but was rehearsed in the United
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00504-00131815-00132018 Kingdom entered World War two and jailed
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00505-00132019-00132266 for the duration of the war after his
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00506-00132267-00132573 release in 1945 Butler reorganized his
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00507-00132574-00132759 political party the British Empire
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00508-00132760-00132975 citizens and workers Home Rule party
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00509-00132976-00133314 this party won a plurality in the 1950
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00510-00133315-00133518 general elections the establishment
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00511-00133519-00133719 feared Butler as a radical and instead
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00512-00133720-00133902 Albert Gomes became the first chief
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00513-00133903-00134319 minister of Trinidad and Tobago the 1956
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00514-00134320-00134516 general election saw the emergence of
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00515-00134517-00134700 the People's National Movement under the
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00516-00134701-00134988 leadership of Eric Williams the PM
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00517-00134989-00135240 opposed by dr. Rudra Nath Kapil de o of
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00518-00135241-00135447 the Democratic Labour Party in Ashford
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00519-00135448-00135624 Sinanan who later founded the West
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00520-00135625-00135933 Indian National Party WI NP continued to
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00521-00135934-00136137 dominate politics in trinidad and tobago
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00522-00136138-00136521 until 1986 the party won every general
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00523-00136522-00136956 election between 1956 and 1981 Williams
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00524-00136957-00137169 became prime minister at Independence
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00525-00137170-00137358 and remained in that position until his
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00526-00137359-00137820 death in 1981 in 1958 the United Kingdom
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00527-00137821-00138021 tried to establish an independent West
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00528-00138022-00138237 Indies Federation comprising most of the
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00529-00138238-00138389 former British West Indies
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00530-00138390-00138660 however disagreement over the structure
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00531-00138661-00138828 of the Federation led to Jamaica's
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00532-00138829-00139104 withdrawal Eric Williams responded to
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00533-00139105-00139341 this with his now-famous calculation one
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00534-00139342-00139638 from ten leaves not trinidad and tobago
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00535-00139639-00139869 chose not to bear the financial burden
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00536-00139870-00140014 without Jamaica's assistance
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00537-00140015-00140281 and the Federation collapsed Trinidad
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00538-00140282-00140491 and Tobago achieved full independence
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00539-00140492-00140716 via the Trinidad and Tobago independence
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00540-00140717-00141154 act 1962 on August 31st 1962 within the
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00541-00141155-00141382 Commonwealth with queen elizabeth ii as
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00542-00141383-00141655 its titular head of state on the 1st of
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00543-00141656-00141931 august 1976 the country became a
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00544-00141932-00142105 republic and the last governor-general
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00545-00142106-00142333 sir Ellis Clarke became the first
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00546-00142334-00142708 president in 1968 the National Joint
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00547-00142709-00142888 Action Committee was formed by members
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00548-00142889-00143071 of the guild of undergraduates at the
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00549-00143072-00143296 st. Augustine campus of the University
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00550-00143297-00143455 of the West Indies under the leadership
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00551-00143456-00143809 of Geddes Grainger in 1969 it was
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00552-00143810-00143998 formally launched to protest the arrest
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00553-00143999-00144196 of West Indian students at Sir George
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00554-00144197-00144505 Williams University in Montreal together
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00555-00144506-00144718 with trade unions and other groups this
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00556-00144719-00144859 led to the birth of the Black Power
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00557-00144860-00145228 movement in 1970 a series of marches and
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00558-00145229-00145408 strikes led to the declaration of a
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00559-00145409-00145597 state of emergency and the arrest of
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00560-00145598-00145900 fifteen black power leaders in sympathy
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00561-00145901-00146095 with the arrested leaders a portion of
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00562-00146096-00146317 the Trinidad and Tobago regiment led by
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00563-00146318-00146548 Rafi Shah and Rex LaSalle mutinied and
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00564-00146549-00146746 took hostages at the teterin barracks
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00565-00146747-00146965 located on the Shigure amaz Peninsula
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00566-00146966-00147217 however the Coast Guard remained loyal
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00567-00147218-00147427 and was able to isolate the mutineers at
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00568-00147428-00147622 teterin as the only way out was along a
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00569-00147623-00147913 narrow coastal road after five days the
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00570-00147914-00148171 mutineers surrendered political
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00571-00148172-00148381 difficulties in the post Black Power era
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00572-00148382-00148696 culminated in the no vote campaign of
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00573-00148697-00149014 1971 which resulted in the PNM winning
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00574-00149015-00149368 all the seats in parliament in 1973 in
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00575-00149369-00149590 the face of a collapsing economy Eric
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00576-00149591-00149782 Williams was prepared to resign as Prime
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00577-00149783-00149853 Minister
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00578-00149854-00150175 however the outbreak of the 1973
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00579-00150176-00150388 arab-israeli war led to the recovery of
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00580-00150389-00150583 oil prices and Williams remained in
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00581-00150584-00150943 office the high oil prices of the 1970's
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00582-00150944-00151216 and early 1980s led to an oil boom which
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00583-00151217-00151441 resulted in a large increase in salaries
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00584-00151442-00151758 standards of living and corruption in
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00585-00151759-00152020 1979 construction on the Eric Williams
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00586-00152021-00152326 Plaza began it would eventually finish
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00587-00152327-00152638 in 1986 it remained the tallest building
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00588-00152639-00152815 in trinidad and tobago until the
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00589-00152816-00152989 construction of the nicolas tower in
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00590-00152990-00153428 2003 williams died in office in 1980
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00591-00153429-00153707 the PNM remained in power following the
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00592-00153708-00153920 death of dr. Williams but its 30-year
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00593-00153921-00154190 rule ended in 1986 when the National
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00594-00154191-00154412 Alliance for reconstruction na are a
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00595-00154413-00154632 multi-ethnic coalition aimed at uniting
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00596-00154633-00154847 Trinidadians of afro Trinidadian and
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00597-00154848-00155054 endo Trinidadian descent won a landslide
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00598-00155055-00155386 victory by capturing 33 of 36 seats
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00599-00155387-00155696 Tobago Zay NR Robinson the political
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00600-00155697-00155882 leader of the NA R was named Prime
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00601-00155883-00156209 Minister the NA are also won 11 of the
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00602-00156210-00156436 12 seats in the Tobago House of Assembly
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00603-00156437-00156731 the NA R began to break down when the
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00604-00156732-00157085 Indian component withdrew in 1988 Vaz de
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00605-00157086-00157289 Loup and a leader of the old united
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00606-00157290-00157460 labor front wolf formed the new
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00607-00157461-00157646 opposition with the United National
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00608-00157647-00158003 Congress UNC the NA ARS margin was
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00609-00158004-00158279 immediately reduced to 27 seats with six
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00610-00158280-00158554 for the UNC and three for the PNM in
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00611-00158555-00158900 July 1990 the jamaat al muslimeen an
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00612-00158901-00159107 extremist black muslim group with an
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00613-00159108-00159266 unresolved grievance against the
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00614-00159267-00159458 government over land claims tried to
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00615-00159459-00159737 overthrow the na r government the group
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00616-00159738-00159902 held the Prime Minister and members of
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00617-00159903-00160112 parliament hostage for five days while
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00618-00160113-00160403 rioting shook Port of Spain after a long
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00619-00160404-00160569 standoff with the police and military
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00620-00160570-00160874 the jamaat al muslimin leader Yasin abu
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00621-00160875-00161075 bakr and his followers surrendered to
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00622-00161076-00161333 Trinidadian authorities having had the
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00623-00161334-00161534 matter referred back to the local courts
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00624-00161535-00161699 by the Privy Council with a clear
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00625-00161700-00161897 indication of a view that the amnesty
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00626-00161898-00162194 was valid in July 1992 the High Court
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00627-00162195-00162371 upheld the validity of a government
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00628-00162372-00162551 amnesty given to the Jamaat members
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00629-00162552-00162863 during the hostage crisis Abu Bakr and
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00630-00162864-00163131 113 other Jamaat members were jailed for
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00631-00163132-00163319 two years while the courts debated the
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00632-00163320-00163682 amnesties validity all 114 members were
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00633-00163683-00163925 eventually released subsequent to this
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00634-00163926-00164165 the UK Privy Council deemed the amnesty
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00635-00164166-00164354 invalid but expressed the view that it
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00636-00164355-00164612 would be improper to rehearse the 114
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00637-00164613-00165014 accused in December 1991 the NA are
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00638-00165015-00165200 captured only the two districts in
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00639-00165201-00165536 Tobago the PM led by Patrick Manning
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00640-00165537-00165791 carried a majority of 21 seats and the
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00641-00165792-00166088 UN C came in second Manning became the
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00642-00166089-00166283 new prime minister and Baz day upon day
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00643-00166284-00166489 continued to lead the opposition in
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00644-00166490-00166781 November 1995 Manning called
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00645-00166782-00166825 early a
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00646-00166826-00167089 elections in which the PNM in UNC both
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00647-00167090-00167382 won 17 seats and the na R won two seats
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00648-00167383-00167740 the UNC allied with the na R and formed
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00649-00167741-00167914 the new government with panday becoming
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00650-00167915-00168088 Prime Minister the first Prime Minister
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00651-00168089-00168445 of endo Trinidadian descent elections
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00652-00168446-00168730 held in December 2000 returned the UNC
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00653-00168731-00168958 to power when they won 19 seats while
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00654-00168959-00169267 the opposition PNM won 16 and the na r
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00655-00169268-00169597 won the UNC government fell in October
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00656-00169598-00169831 2001 with the defection of three of its
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00657-00169832-00170053 parliamentarians amidst allegations of
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00658-00170054-00170257 corruption in the then UNC government
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00659-00170258-00170524 and the December 2001 elections resulted
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00660-00170525-00170812 in an even 18 - 18 split between the UNC
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00661-00170813-00171136 and the PNM president Robinson appointed
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00662-00171137-00171334 Patrick Manning Prime Minister despite
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00663-00171335-00171559 the fact that the UNC won the popular
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00664-00171560-00171727 vote and that panday was the sitting
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00665-00171728-00171976 Prime Minister despite the fact that
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00666-00171977-00172192 Manning was unable to attract a majority
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00667-00172193-00172411 and Parliament was thus unable to sit he
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00668-00172412-00172609 delayed calling elections until October
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00669-00172610-00172966 2002 the PNM formed the next government
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00670-00172967-00173236 after winning 20 seats while the UNC won
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00671-00173237-00173512 16 both parties are committed to
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00672-00173513-00173698 free-market economic policies and
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00673-00173699-00173989 increased foreign investment Trinidad
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00674-00173990-00174205 and Tobago has remained cooperative with
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00675-00174206-00174388 the United States in the regional fight
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00676-00174389-00174580 against narcotics trafficking and on
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00677-00174581-00174886 other issues the serious crime situation
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00678-00174887-00175102 in the country has led to a severe
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00679-00175103-00175330 deterioration in security conditions in
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00680-00175331-00175594 the country in addition a resurgent
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00681-00175595-00175792 jamaat al muslimin continues to be a
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00682-00175793-00176077 threat to stability the FBI recently
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00683-00176078-00176287 opened an office in trinidad and tobago
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00684-00176288-00176494 in connection with its hunt for Adnan
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00685-00176495-00176854 goals hare L chakra Juma on the 26th of
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00686-00176855-00177154 May 2010 Kamla Prasad byssus our leader
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00687-00177155-00177355 of the People's Partnership was sworn in
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00688-00177356-00177526 as the country's first female prime
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00689-00177527-00177895 minister on the 21st of August 2011 she
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00690-00177896-00178123 asked President George Maxwell Richards
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00691-00178124-00178350 to declare a limited state of emergency
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00692-00178351-00178642 dr. Keith Raleigh is now Prime Minister
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00693-00178643-00179014 on march 19th 2018 Trinidad's first
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00694-00179015-00179227 female president miss Paula Mae weeks
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00695-00179228-00179804 was sworn in
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00696-00179805-00180340 topic C also
PBj-JMtd6Xo-00697-00180341-00180691 equals equals notes
PCmzxkUz5UU-00000-00000296-00000495 i learned from etiquette that
PCmzxkUz5UU-00001-00000496-00000839 the ants that give us blessing
PCmzxkUz5UU-00002-00000840-00000991 and that same
PCmzxkUz5UU-00003-00000992-00001295 spirit is always in me i need to support
PCmzxkUz5UU-00004-00001296-00001454 i need to support
PCmzxkUz5UU-00005-00001455-00002039 that's why i have started this video
PCmzxkUz5UU-00006-00002039-00002359 i'm here with john we're in his office
PCmzxkUz5UU-00007-00002360-00002567 and we've just come to have a chat
PCmzxkUz5UU-00008-00002568-00002742 and hear about his his life because i
PCmzxkUz5UU-00009-00002743-00002887 understand that you came through the
PCmzxkUz5UU-00010-00002888-00003110 educated programmes as a child so i was
PCmzxkUz5UU-00011-00003111-00003295 wondering john if you could share with
PCmzxkUz5UU-00012-00003296-00003519 us a little bit about your sort of early
PCmzxkUz5UU-00013-00003520-00003638 childhood
PCmzxkUz5UU-00014-00003639-00003911 before you were connected with edukid
PCmzxkUz5UU-00015-00003911-00004295 i've grown up in a polygamy family
PCmzxkUz5UU-00016-00004296-00004447 meaning
PCmzxkUz5UU-00017-00004448-00004606 like my father
PCmzxkUz5UU-00018-00004607-00004902 yeah he had four wives you know life and
PCmzxkUz5UU-00019-00004903-00005086 a political marriage
PCmzxkUz5UU-00020-00005087-00005463 uh parents do not take care of all these
PCmzxkUz5UU-00021-00005464-00005622 the children yeah
PCmzxkUz5UU-00022-00005623-00005911 and we were 18 in number if i asked you
PCmzxkUz5UU-00023-00005912-00006183 daddy when are you paying my school fees
PCmzxkUz5UU-00024-00006184-00006446 you just say i don't have the money
PCmzxkUz5UU-00025-00006447-00006783 so i i've started thinking on my own
PCmzxkUz5UU-00026-00006784-00007039 that let me start working
PCmzxkUz5UU-00027-00007040-00007278 very hard i've started like this small
PCmzxkUz5UU-00028-00007279-00007391 business
PCmzxkUz5UU-00029-00007392-00008055 of selling sugarcane
PCmzxkUz5UU-00030-00008056-00008174 so i guess
PCmzxkUz5UU-00031-00008175-00008359 being enrolled with educated meant that
PCmzxkUz5UU-00032-00008360-00008527 you didn't have to do work for your
PCmzxkUz5UU-00033-00008528-00008695 school things anymore that you could
PCmzxkUz5UU-00034-00008696-00008959 focus your time on your studies yeah
PCmzxkUz5UU-00035-00008960-00009078 yeah
PCmzxkUz5UU-00036-00009079-00009246 and through that
PCmzxkUz5UU-00037-00009247-00010414 it made me to concentrate more
PCmzxkUz5UU-00038-00010415-00010671 so you you set up your own charity and
PCmzxkUz5UU-00039-00010672-00010863 now you're supporting
PCmzxkUz5UU-00040-00010864-00011103 other children in your community exactly
PCmzxkUz5UU-00041-00011104-00011287 if you could give it in one line what is
PCmzxkUz5UU-00042-00011288-00011599 your overall goal as a charity
PCmzxkUz5UU-00043-00011600-00011855 is to have a
PCmzxkUz5UU-00044-00011856-00012087 empowered family
PCmzxkUz5UU-00045-00012088-00012206 that will
PCmzxkUz5UU-00046-00012207-00012423 that every child
PCmzxkUz5UU-00047-00012424-00012695 has rights
PCmzxkUz5UU-00048-00012696-00012958 access to basic needs in a sustainable
PCmzxkUz5UU-00049-00012959-00013535 manner
PCmzxkUz5UU-00050-00013536-00013663 teach bear
PCmzxkUz5UU-00051-00013663-00013871 is the charity that i've started and
PCmzxkUz5UU-00052-00013872-00014071 these are the people that we are
PCmzxkUz5UU-00053-00014072-00014366 supporting our through livelihood
PCmzxkUz5UU-00054-00014368-00014663 and child care and protection
PCmzxkUz5UU-00055-00014663-00014799 we train
PCmzxkUz5UU-00056-00014800-00014903 these
PCmzxkUz5UU-00057-00014904-00015207 mothers of ours about farming
PCmzxkUz5UU-00058-00015208-00015383 how to handle
PCmzxkUz5UU-00059-00015384-00015743 starting from planning have to
PCmzxkUz5UU-00060-00015744-00015863 market
PCmzxkUz5UU-00061-00015863-00016055 we also train them on
PCmzxkUz5UU-00062-00016056-00016399 child protection and child safeguarding
PCmzxkUz5UU-00063-00016400-00016647 actually under this project we have
PCmzxkUz5UU-00064-00016648-00016799 150
PCmzxkUz5UU-00065-00016800-00016950 households
PCmzxkUz5UU-00066-00016951-00017263 but we have around 400
PCmzxkUz5UU-00067-00017264-00017367 children
PCmzxkUz5UU-00068-00017368-00017599 in this household
PCmzxkUz5UU-00069-00017600-00017855 is there a message before we leave um
PCmzxkUz5UU-00070-00017856-00018063 that you would like to share
PCmzxkUz5UU-00071-00018064-00018311 i'm very happy
PCmzxkUz5UU-00072-00018312-00018511 with educated team
PCmzxkUz5UU-00073-00018512-00018686 for supporting me
PCmzxkUz5UU-00074-00018687-00018886 and i also encourage them
PCmzxkUz5UU-00075-00018887-00019055 to not believe
PCmzxkUz5UU-00076-00019056-00019311 there are other people that are coming
PCmzxkUz5UU-00077-00019312-00019535 if you have changed a child
PCmzxkUz5UU-00078-00019536-00019799 you have saved the world because
PCmzxkUz5UU-00079-00019800-00020079 the one person you have changed will go
PCmzxkUz5UU-00080-00020080-00020457 out there and change another
PCmzxkUz5UU-00081-00020458-00021408 [Music]
PCmzxkUz5UU-00082-00021409-00022583 [Music]
PCmzxkUz5UU-00083-00022584-00022611 you
PCmzxkUz5UU-00084-00022612-00023318 [Music]
PCtJGtMGypk-00000-00000000-00000214 aaron uh first of all just what greg
PCtJGtMGypk-00001-00000215-00000311 allen has given you
PCtJGtMGypk-00002-00000312-00000615 uh these last weekend especially tonight
PCtJGtMGypk-00003-00000616-00001007 pro been an absolute pro in the room
PCtJGtMGypk-00004-00001008-00001311 um and and been incredibly productive
PCtJGtMGypk-00005-00001312-00001495 between the lines and obviously
PCtJGtMGypk-00006-00001496-00001734 the element he brings of of you know
PCtJGtMGypk-00007-00001735-00001863 running the bases
PCtJGtMGypk-00008-00001864-00002134 the the versatility and really good
PCtJGtMGypk-00009-00002135-00002334 defense he brings in the outfield
PCtJGtMGypk-00010-00002335-00002575 and really every every at bad he's been
PCtJGtMGypk-00011-00002576-00002726 you know obviously he's gotten results
PCtJGtMGypk-00012-00002727-00002775 but
PCtJGtMGypk-00013-00002776-00002950 just the quality of the at-bat has been
PCtJGtMGypk-00014-00002951-00003150 really strong and
PCtJGtMGypk-00015-00003151-00003767 yeah i love what he's brought
PCtJGtMGypk-00016-00003768-00003990 you good kenny yeah thank you okay
PCtJGtMGypk-00017-00003992-00004343 meredith go ahead
PCtJGtMGypk-00018-00004344-00004502 aaron just to piggyback off ken a little
PCtJGtMGypk-00019-00004503-00004702 bit just how important is that speed
PCtJGtMGypk-00020-00004703-00004886 element that he brings to this offense
PCtJGtMGypk-00021-00004887-00005079 who's you know trying to score runs
PCtJGtMGypk-00022-00005080-00005222 yeah i mean you know it's been nice
PCtJGtMGypk-00023-00005223-00005415 because you know it's coming to play for
PCtJGtMGypk-00024-00005416-00005543 us and helped us
PCtJGtMGypk-00025-00005544-00005702 win a couple ball games obviously a
PCtJGtMGypk-00026-00005703-00005870 couple stolen bases for him
PCtJGtMGypk-00027-00005871-00006022 you know the ability to get to third on
PCtJGtMGypk-00028-00006023-00006270 that ball that kicks off the wall
PCtJGtMGypk-00029-00006271-00006431 again the speed that he brings in the
PCtJGtMGypk-00030-00006431-00006639 outfield as well
PCtJGtMGypk-00031-00006640-00006839 it's definitely been a factor in helping
PCtJGtMGypk-00032-00006840-00007039 us win some ball games
PCtJGtMGypk-00033-00007040-00007287 when you score runs in different ways in
PCtJGtMGypk-00034-00007288-00007487 plays like that does that add more
PCtJGtMGypk-00035-00007488-00007551 energy
PCtJGtMGypk-00036-00007552-00007887 in that dugout to the team
PCtJGtMGypk-00037-00007888-00008087 yeah like i mean i think any time you're
PCtJGtMGypk-00038-00008088-00008271 scoring you know usually
PCtJGtMGypk-00039-00008272-00008478 there's good energy but it's been really
PCtJGtMGypk-00040-00008479-00008623 neat to see us for the last
PCtJGtMGypk-00041-00008624-00008871 you know couple of games few games do it
PCtJGtMGypk-00042-00008872-00009055 in some different ways you know we the
PCtJGtMGypk-00043-00009056-00009223 the home run ball showed up for us
PCtJGtMGypk-00044-00009224-00009439 tonight four to four different guys
PCtJGtMGypk-00045-00009440-00009719 um but the little ball was there um
PCtJGtMGypk-00046-00009720-00009883 running the bases
PCtJGtMGypk-00047-00009884-00010142 um you know yeah
PCtJGtMGypk-00048-00010143-00010367 i mean there's an excitement and look
PCtJGtMGypk-00049-00010368-00010551 we're up against a good opponent today
PCtJGtMGypk-00050-00010552-00010583 and
PCtJGtMGypk-00051-00010584-00010759 and aaron nola a really good pitcher
PCtJGtMGypk-00052-00010760-00010967 obviously that's kind of had our number
PCtJGtMGypk-00053-00010968-00011287 um you know and and we kind of they
PCtJGtMGypk-00054-00011288-00011438 they grinded them down a little bit and
PCtJGtMGypk-00055-00011439-00011599 made it really tough on them and
PCtJGtMGypk-00056-00011600-00011735 and we're able to ding them there
PCtJGtMGypk-00057-00011736-00011951 finally and and knock them out but
PCtJGtMGypk-00058-00011952-00012335 um yeah it's it's definitely uh
PCtJGtMGypk-00059-00012336-00012487 it's been a fun brand of baseball here
PCtJGtMGypk-00060-00012488-00012719 the last few days john carlos stanton
PCtJGtMGypk-00061-00012720-00012799 seemed almost a little
PCtJGtMGypk-00062-00012800-00012974 frustrated after that single in the
PCtJGtMGypk-00063-00012975-00013175 fifth inning he goes on to homer his
PCtJGtMGypk-00064-00013176-00013375 next at bat in the seventh just what
PCtJGtMGypk-00065-00013376-00013607 could it mean to this team if if he can
PCtJGtMGypk-00066-00013608-00013807 get going yeah i mean we we know what he
PCtJGtMGypk-00067-00013808-00013966 is when he gets rolling
PCtJGtMGypk-00068-00013968-00014183 you know last few games for him been a
PCtJGtMGypk-00069-00014184-00014343 little bit you know a little bit out of
PCtJGtMGypk-00070-00014344-00014391 sorts
PCtJGtMGypk-00071-00014391-00014719 not on time and things like that um so
PCtJGtMGypk-00072-00014719-00015063 you know to to get a base hit there is
PCtJGtMGypk-00073-00015063-00015183 third at bat
PCtJGtMGypk-00074-00015184-00015455 you know uh and then and then clip one
PCtJGtMGypk-00075-00015456-00015630 there and his final at bat to give us a
PCtJGtMGypk-00076-00015631-00015807 little insurance run there was big
PCtJGtMGypk-00077-00015808-00016007 and hopefully something that gets him
PCtJGtMGypk-00078-00016008-00016392 back to where he's been most of the year
PLHoRqSvNty-00000-00000000-00000463 thank you
PLHoRqSvNty-00001-00000463-00000749 I'm Alice sasleski I'm a Melbourne based
PLHoRqSvNty-00002-00000750-00001019 food writer cook and veggie lover and
PLHoRqSvNty-00003-00001019-00001229 I'm choosing to take my sustainable
PLHoRqSvNty-00004-00001230-00001462 reusable shopping bags when I go on the
PLHoRqSvNty-00005-00001463-00001714 road it's one small act with a big
PLHoRqSvNty-00006-00001716-00001913 impact towards Victoria's sustainable
PLHoRqSvNty-00007-00001914-00002225 future
PLHoRqSvNty-00008-00002226-00002459 single-use Plastics make up a third of
PLHoRqSvNty-00009-00002460-00002663 the litter that we see in Victoria's
PLHoRqSvNty-00010-00002664-00002873 streets parks and waterways and they
PLHoRqSvNty-00011-00002874-00003118 cause serious harm to our wildlife and
PLHoRqSvNty-00012-00003119-00003281 our health
PLHoRqSvNty-00013-00003282-00003503 you grab your plastic bag you use it for
PLHoRqSvNty-00014-00003504-00003647 a few minutes and then you check it out
PLHoRqSvNty-00015-00003647-00003845 but it stays in the environment for
PLHoRqSvNty-00016-00003846-00003983 hundreds of years
PLHoRqSvNty-00017-00003984-00004211 just by switching to reusable shopping
PLHoRqSvNty-00018-00004212-00004420 bags and remembering to take them when
PLHoRqSvNty-00019-00004421-00004577 you go shopping you'll be saving money
PLHoRqSvNty-00020-00004578-00005045 natural resources and the planet
PLHoRqSvNty-00021-00005046-00005231 but forgetting your reusable bags
PLHoRqSvNty-00022-00005232-00005441 happens to the best of us
PLHoRqSvNty-00023-00005442-00005645 make it easy for yourself by keeping
PLHoRqSvNty-00024-00005646-00005818 some at the front door some where you
PLHoRqSvNty-00025-00005819-00006052 keep your keys some in your boot and
PLHoRqSvNty-00026-00006053-00006238 some in your bag or backpack
PLHoRqSvNty-00027-00006239-00006605 sometimes even the smallest act can make
PLHoRqSvNty-00028-00006606-00006809 a big impact towards our sustainable
PLHoRqSvNty-00029-00006809-00006895 future
PLHoRqSvNty-00030-00006895-00007293 [Music]
POn5TMrnajk-00000-00000000-00001470 [Music]
POn5TMrnajk-00001-00001471-00001759 when you
POn5TMrnajk-00002-00001760-00002792 [Music]
PPC69ANb3K0-00000-00000003-00000299 good evening I'm Pamela Horne director
PPC69ANb3K0-00001-00000300-00000542 of cross-platform publishing and
PPC69ANb3K0-00002-00000543-00000743 strategic partnerships for cooper-hewitt
PPC69ANb3K0-00003-00000744-00000994 Smithsonian Design Museum we're so
PPC69ANb3K0-00004-00000996-00001223 pleased to welcome you all to this
PPC69ANb3K0-00005-00001224-00001483 evenings design talk growing local
PPC69ANb3K0-00006-00001484-00001807 designing sustainable food businesses so
PPC69ANb3K0-00007-00001809-00002010 this evening we'll hear from two
PPC69ANb3K0-00008-00002011-00002302 influential and very visionary agents
PPC69ANb3K0-00009-00002303-00002600 whose organizations champion social and
PPC69ANb3K0-00010-00002601-00002887 economic empowerment innovation and
PPC69ANb3K0-00011-00002888-00003099 environmental sustainability
PPC69ANb3K0-00012-00003100-00003386 our first presenter will be divita
PPC69ANb3K0-00013-00003386-00003683 Davison who serves as executive director
PPC69ANb3K0-00014-00003684-00004136 at Food Lab Detroit Food Lab is a
PPC69ANb3K0-00015-00004137-00004361 nonprofit organization that works to
PPC69ANb3K0-00016-00004362-00004670 support local food entrepreneurs and
PPC69ANb3K0-00017-00004671-00004993 imagines a new future for food justice
PPC69ANb3K0-00018-00004994-00005351 divita accelerates locals with ideas for
PPC69ANb3K0-00019-00005352-00005540 food business to take their dreams into
PPC69ANb3K0-00020-00005541-00005809 reality by connecting them with business
PPC69ANb3K0-00021-00005810-00006070 advice help with compliance and
PPC69ANb3K0-00022-00006071-00006341 licensing space and professional
PPC69ANb3K0-00023-00006342-00006680 kitchens marketing ideas and more Food
PPC69ANb3K0-00024-00006681-00006884 Lab focuses on entrepreneurs and
PPC69ANb3K0-00025-00006884-00007055 communities who have been traditionally
PPC69ANb3K0-00026-00007056-00007391 under under resourced aiming to build
PPC69ANb3K0-00027-00007392-00007624 power and resilience for people around
PPC69ANb3K0-00028-00007625-00008131 the city food labs vision to use food as
PPC69ANb3K0-00029-00008133-00008414 an economic engine to form a supportive
PPC69ANb3K0-00030-00008415-00008609 community of entrepreneurs and to make
PPC69ANb3K0-00031-00008610-00008899 good food for a reality for all
PPC69ANb3K0-00032-00008900-00009305 Detroiters divita combines her passion
PPC69ANb3K0-00033-00009306-00009580 for culinary arts with activism an
PPC69ANb3K0-00034-00009581-00009794 entrepreneurship she's worked with the
PPC69ANb3K0-00035-00009795-00010067 Brooklyn food coalition she's
PPC69ANb3K0-00036-00010068-00010328 facilitated workshops for W kkf
PPC69ANb3K0-00037-00010329-00010639 Foundation and spoken at Ted 2017 and
PPC69ANb3K0-00038-00010640-00011096 divita writes on local food systems next
PPC69ANb3K0-00039-00011097-00011413 we'll hear from Kaiba Conte Kaiba has
PPC69ANb3K0-00040-00011414-00011689 invested his life as an artist food
PPC69ANb3K0-00041-00011690-00012044 entrepreneur and community man he's the
PPC69ANb3K0-00042-00012045-00012419 founder of chasing Lions Cafe and Red
PPC69ANb3K0-00043-00012420-00012698 Bay Coffee Roasters through his work
PPC69ANb3K0-00044-00012699-00012938 he's embraced and hired people of all
PPC69ANb3K0-00045-00012938-00013291 backgrounds and strives to be inclusive
PPC69ANb3K0-00046-00013291-00013438 those who have traditionally been left
PPC69ANb3K0-00047-00013438-00013722 out of the specialty coffee industry
PPC69ANb3K0-00048-00013722-00014038 especially people of color the formerly
PPC69ANb3K0-00049-00014038-00014430 incarcerated and women as well as people
PPC69ANb3K0-00050-00014431-00014680 with disabilities following their
PPC69ANb3K0-00051-00014681-00015001 presentations divita and KO will be in
PPC69ANb3K0-00052-00015002-00015351 conversation and will invite audience QA
PPC69ANb3K0-00053-00015352-00015676 so without further ado please help me
PPC69ANb3K0-00054-00015677-00015902 welcome - via - Davison to this day
PPC69ANb3K0-00055-00015903-00016752 [Applause]
PPC69ANb3K0-00056-00016753-00017050 Robin thank you so much for that
PPC69ANb3K0-00057-00017051-00017397 introduction and I just want to say what
PPC69ANb3K0-00058-00017398-00017614 an honor and a privilege it is to be
PPC69ANb3K0-00059-00017615-00017899 here cooper-hewitt to talk about a
PPC69ANb3K0-00060-00017900-00018211 design and how we're using design to
PPC69ANb3K0-00061-00018212-00018457 grow the local economy in Detroit and
PPC69ANb3K0-00062-00018458-00018702 what I love about the conversation that
PPC69ANb3K0-00063-00018703-00018958 Kaiba and I are going to embark upon in
PPC69ANb3K0-00064-00018959-00019213 our presentations is that you'll see how
PPC69ANb3K0-00065-00019214-00019453 we're using design principles in two
PPC69ANb3K0-00066-00019454-00019719 different ways I use design and the
PPC69ANb3K0-00067-00019720-00019912 systems that I create for food lab
PPC69ANb3K0-00068-00019913-00020169 Detroit and cable well he's an artist so
PPC69ANb3K0-00069-00020170-00020403 he uses design to create beautiful
PPC69ANb3K0-00070-00020404-00020671 spaces and so again it's an honor and a
PPC69ANb3K0-00071-00020672-00020856 privilege for me to be here and I think
PPC69ANb3K0-00072-00020857-00021130 I would be remiss if I did not also
PPC69ANb3K0-00073-00021131-00021372 share with you another way that we use
PPC69ANb3K0-00074-00021373-00021580 designed so Ingrid Lafleur is in the
PPC69ANb3K0-00075-00021581-00021759 audience and she actually ran for mayor
PPC69ANb3K0-00076-00021760-00022036 of the city of Detroit using design as a
PPC69ANb3K0-00077-00022037-00022243 part of her campaign to promote
PPC69ANb3K0-00078-00022244-00022459 afrofuturism and what the city of
PPC69ANb3K0-00079-00022460-00022702 Detroit would look like using design in
PPC69ANb3K0-00080-00022703-00022872 her campaign so we're all about design
PPC69ANb3K0-00081-00022873-00022990 in Detroit I don't know what you heard
PPC69ANb3K0-00082-00022991-00023284 but but Detroit is is really really
PPC69ANb3K0-00083-00023285-00023464 pushing the envelope when it comes to
PPC69ANb3K0-00084-00023465-00023884 design and so what I want to share with
PPC69ANb3K0-00085-00023885-00024172 you for a few moments is I want to share
PPC69ANb3K0-00086-00024173-00024514 with you what a food base inclusive
PPC69ANb3K0-00087-00024515-00024838 economy looks like so what is a food
PPC69ANb3K0-00088-00024839-00025153 based inclusive economy it's one that
PPC69ANb3K0-00089-00025154-00025525 from farm-to-table from processing all
PPC69ANb3K0-00090-00025526-00025794 the way to composting ensures economic
PPC69ANb3K0-00091-00025795-00026125 opportunity high-quality jobs with
PPC69ANb3K0-00092-00026126-00026467 living wages safe working conditions
PPC69ANb3K0-00093-00026468-00026692 access the healthy affordable and
PPC69ANb3K0-00094-00026693-00027045 culturally appropriate food and it's
PPC69ANb3K0-00095-00027045-00027414 environmentally sustainable and so for a
PPC69ANb3K0-00096-00027416-00027562 few minutes I want to share with you a
PPC69ANb3K0-00097-00027563-00027927 story a story about how fool AB Detroit
PPC69ANb3K0-00098-00027928-00028306 design systems to support a community at
PPC69ANb3K0-00099-00028307-00028549 scale a food businesses that are
PPC69ANb3K0-00100-00028550-00028824 creating this food base inclusive
PPC69ANb3K0-00101-00028825-00029202 economy and so as it was already
PPC69ANb3K0-00102-00029203-00029421 indicated I am a daughter of good
PPC69ANb3K0-00103-00029422-00029629 straight Michigan I was born and raised
PPC69ANb3K0-00104-00029630-00029980 in Detroit and the city where I was born
PPC69ANb3K0-00105-00029981-00030379 and raised in the 1950s was the world's
PPC69ANb3K0-00106-00030380-00030774 industrial giant it had a population in
PPC69ANb3K0-00107-00030775-00031117 the 1950s of about 1.8 million people
PPC69ANb3K0-00108-00031118-00031395 and we had a hundred and forty square
PPC69ANb3K0-00109-00031397-00031711 miles of infrastructure that was used to
PPC69ANb3K0-00110-00031712-00031987 support this booming Midwestern Center
PPC69ANb3K0-00111-00031988-00032242 this is a picture of the Packard Plant
PPC69ANb3K0-00112-00032243-00032752 in 1950 and now just a half a century
PPC69ANb3K0-00113-00032752-00033068 later this is the Packard Plant in
PPC69ANb3K0-00114-00033069-00033333 Detroit unfortunately has become
PPC69ANb3K0-00115-00033334-00033676 somewhat of a poster child of urban
PPC69ANb3K0-00116-00033677-00034139 decay and as a result of this Detroit is
PPC69ANb3K0-00117-00034140-00034555 now a population that is no longer 1.8
PPC69ANb3K0-00118-00034556-00034614 million
PPC69ANb3K0-00119-00034615-00034846 Detroit has a population of about six
PPC69ANb3K0-00120-00034847-00035027 hundred and eighty thousand of which
PPC69ANb3K0-00121-00035028-00035221 eighty four percent are african-american
PPC69ANb3K0-00122-00035222-00035635 and due to decades of disinvestment in
PPC69ANb3K0-00123-00035636-00035946 the city and capital flight that left
PPC69ANb3K0-00124-00035947-00036151 the city for the sober Detroit is
PPC69ANb3K0-00125-00036152-00036373 severely lacking them it's lacking
PPC69ANb3K0-00126-00036374-00036637 retail and for me and the work that I do
PPC69ANb3K0-00127-00036638-00036858 I concentrate on the fact that Detroit
PPC69ANb3K0-00128-00036859-00037255 is lacking fresh food retail because I
PPC69ANb3K0-00129-00037256-00037492 know in a city that is lacking fresh
PPC69ANb3K0-00130-00037493-00037696 food retail there's a couple of things
PPC69ANb3K0-00131-00037697-00038005 that occur what occurs is that 70
PPC69ANb3K0-00132-00038006-00038214 percent of Detroit adults are obese and
PPC69ANb3K0-00133-00038215-00038452 overweight and they struggle to easily
PPC69ANb3K0-00134-00038453-00038671 access nutritious food that they need to
PPC69ANb3K0-00135-00038672-00038898 stay healthy and to prevent premature
PPC69ANb3K0-00136-00038899-00039205 diet related diseases I know that far
PPC69ANb3K0-00137-00039206-00039385 too many Detroiters who live closer to
PPC69ANb3K0-00138-00039386-00039568 fast food restaurants and convenience
PPC69ANb3K0-00139-00039569-00039783 stores and gas stations where they shop
PPC69ANb3K0-00140-00039784-00039829 for food
PPC69ANb3K0-00141-00039830-00040045 than they do full-service grocery stores
PPC69ANb3K0-00142-00040046-00040273 I know that you're more likely to find
PPC69ANb3K0-00143-00040274-00040527 high-quality produce in our neighboring
PPC69ANb3K0-00144-00040528-00040807 suburbs than you would in Detroit
PPC69ANb3K0-00145-00040808-00041089 neighborhoods and I know that all of
PPC69ANb3K0-00146-00041090-00041461 this in some ways our distinguishing
PPC69ANb3K0-00147-00041462-00041767 characteristics of my city and I know
PPC69ANb3K0-00148-00041768-00041943 that it's not a good story but this is
PPC69ANb3K0-00149-00041944-00042105 not the story that I've come to the
PPC69ANb3K0-00150-00042106-00042414 cooper-hewitt detail no the story that I
PPC69ANb3K0-00151-00042415-00042687 want to tell was a story about changing
PPC69ANb3K0-00152-00042688-00042889 transformation through design and how
PPC69ANb3K0-00153-00042890-00043077 urban agriculture and food
PPC69ANb3K0-00154-00043078-00043380 entrepreneurship it's changing the city
PPC69ANb3K0-00155-00043381-00043714 of Detroit and because of Detroit's
PPC69ANb3K0-00156-00043715-00043885 history that I just shared with you
PPC69ANb3K0-00157-00043886-00044104 Detroit finds itself with some unique
PPC69ANb3K0-00158-00044105-00044370 assets that is based around the design
PPC69ANb3K0-00159-00044371-00044710 of the city because of the design of
PPC69ANb3K0-00160-00044711-00045118 Detroit it now has a lot of open land I
PPC69ANb3K0-00161-00045119-00045361 don't know how many people in this room
PPC69ANb3K0-00162-00045362-00045574 knew that the topography of Detroit
PPC69ANb3K0-00163-00045575-00045840 Michigan 140 square miles that you can
PPC69ANb3K0-00164-00045841-00046083 fit the entire city of Boston the entire
PPC69ANb3K0-00165-00046084-00046305 city of San Francisco and the borough of
PPC69ANb3K0-00166-00046306-00046714 Manhattan in the land area of the city
PPC69ANb3K0-00167-00046715-00047137 of Detroit and that estimates probably
PPC69ANb3K0-00168-00047138-00047451 folks are saying probably of that
PPC69ANb3K0-00169-00047452-00047730 landmass 40 square miles in Detroit are
PPC69ANb3K0-00170-00047731-00048124 vacant that's a quarter to a third of
PPC69ANb3K0-00171-00048125-00048289 the city that's the design that we're
PPC69ANb3K0-00172-00048290-00048495 working with and that's a level of
PPC69ANb3K0-00173-00048496-00048679 emptiness that creates a landscape
PPC69ANb3K0-00174-00048680-00048973 unlike any other big city but here are
PPC69ANb3K0-00175-00048974-00049192 the assets that we have in Detroit in
PPC69ANb3K0-00176-00049193-00049599 Detroit we have fertile soil we are
PPC69ANb3K0-00177-00049600-00049942 approximate to water we have willing
PPC69ANb3K0-00178-00049943-00050230 labor and we have a desperate demand for
PPC69ANb3K0-00179-00050231-00050554 fresh healthy food and that my friends
PPC69ANb3K0-00180-00050555-00050860 has created a people power to grassroots
PPC69ANb3K0-00181-00050861-00051124 movement in my city that's actively
PPC69ANb3K0-00182-00051125-00051345 working to turn what was once the
PPC69ANb3K0-00183-00051346-00051625 capital of American industry into what I
PPC69ANb3K0-00184-00051626-00051891 want to call an agrarian paradise in
PPC69ANb3K0-00185-00051892-00052329 fact if I could brag I would say and I
PPC69ANb3K0-00186-00052330-00052549 know I'm a little biased but the city of
PPC69ANb3K0-00187-00052550-00052822 Detroit I believe out of all the cities
PPC69ANb3K0-00188-00052823-00052917 in the world
PPC69ANb3K0-00189-00052919-00053096 Detroit may be best
PPC69ANb3K0-00190-00053097-00053348 Shinda and designed right now to serve
PPC69ANb3K0-00191-00053349-00053530 as the world's urban exemplar food
PPC69ANb3K0-00192-00053531-00053965 security and sustainable development so
PPC69ANb3K0-00193-00053966-00054322 let me make something perfectly clear
PPC69ANb3K0-00194-00054323-00054599 for those of us who are working in
PPC69ANb3K0-00195-00054600-00054872 Detroit's urban agricultural movement
PPC69ANb3K0-00196-00054873-00055253 our goal is for the future of Detroit to
PPC69ANb3K0-00197-00055254-00055661 be designed for us to create us to
PPC69ANb3K0-00198-00055662-00056015 create an ecosystem that will ensure
PPC69ANb3K0-00199-00056016-00056222 that Detroit Michigan becomes the most
PPC69ANb3K0-00200-00056223-00056447 food secure and sustainable city on
PPC69ANb3K0-00201-00056448-00056798 planet Earth and I say us because I
PPC69ANb3K0-00202-00056799-00057094 believe that the work that we do at Food
PPC69ANb3K0-00203-00057095-00057323 Lab Detroit is really leveraging the
PPC69ANb3K0-00204-00057324-00057493 work of our urban agriculture and our
PPC69ANb3K0-00205-00057494-00057754 farmers and I think that the most
PPC69ANb3K0-00206-00057755-00057988 innovative element of food lab Detroit
PPC69ANb3K0-00207-00057989-00058231 this incubator that incubates probably
PPC69ANb3K0-00208-00058232-00058438 about 200 small business the most
PPC69ANb3K0-00209-00058439-00058646 innovative element about food laboratory
PPC69ANb3K0-00210-00058647-00058855 can be summed up in this African proverb
PPC69ANb3K0-00211-00058856-00059137 that says nothing about us without us as
PPC69ANb3K0-00212-00059138-00059654 for us in that design process is very
PPC69ANb3K0-00213-00059654-00059905 important because here's the thing at
PPC69ANb3K0-00214-00059906-00060244 Food Lab we understand that many times
PPC69ANb3K0-00215-00060245-00060629 was missing from the design the
PPC69ANb3K0-00216-00060629-00060913 deployment and the management of many of
PPC69ANb3K0-00217-00060914-00061126 these kind of alternative food
PPC69ANb3K0-00218-00061127-00061342 initiatives is any recognition that
PPC69ANb3K0-00219-00061343-00061579 inequity in the food system is centrally
PPC69ANb3K0-00220-00061580-00061825 linked to histories of racial economic
PPC69ANb3K0-00221-00061826-00062260 discrimination many programs often lack
PPC69ANb3K0-00222-00062261-00062504 substantive participation from those
PPC69ANb3K0-00223-00062504-00062788 community members who actually face the
PPC69ANb3K0-00224-00062789-00063031 challenges of food injustice themselves
PPC69ANb3K0-00225-00063032-00063301 so what you have and they are not
PPC69ANb3K0-00226-00063302-00063548 centered in a design process what you
PPC69ANb3K0-00227-00063549-00063787 will get is you'll get these alternative
PPC69ANb3K0-00228-00063788-00064040 food initiatives that tend to benefit
PPC69ANb3K0-00229-00064041-00064223 mostly white folks who are already
PPC69ANb3K0-00230-00064224-00064507 economically secure and already healthy
PPC69ANb3K0-00231-00064508-00064849 if you don't design a system that puts
PPC69ANb3K0-00232-00064850-00065092 those who are most infected or affected
PPC69ANb3K0-00233-00065093-00065396 in the middle so what we at foo lab have
PPC69ANb3K0-00234-00065397-00065617 decided to do is that we want to put
PPC69ANb3K0-00235-00065618-00065830 those individuals entrepreneurs
PPC69ANb3K0-00236-00065831-00066011 community leaders activists in the
PPC69ANb3K0-00237-00066012-00066359 center of our design so we've created in
PPC69ANb3K0-00238-00066360-00066464 what we call an
PPC69ANb3K0-00239-00066465-00066647 witty framework we have an equity
PPC69ANb3K0-00240-00066648-00066872 profile and that informs our design
PPC69ANb3K0-00241-00066873-00067145 process which has resulted in developing
PPC69ANb3K0-00242-00067146-00067370 tools that allow us to develop a set of
PPC69ANb3K0-00243-00067371-00067535 what we call community based solutions
PPC69ANb3K0-00244-00067536-00067862 that might help transform the very
PPC69ANb3K0-00245-00067863-00068210 political and economic systems that had
PPC69ANb3K0-00246-00068211-00068399 historically oppressed low-income and
PPC69ANb3K0-00247-00068400-00068651 ethnic minority communities across the
PPC69ANb3K0-00248-00068652-00069020 Troy so in my in my last few minutes
PPC69ANb3K0-00249-00069021-00069239 what I want to do is I want to take you
PPC69ANb3K0-00250-00069240-00069653 inside a flute lapse process and I want
PPC69ANb3K0-00251-00069654-00069917 to show you the results of what it looks
PPC69ANb3K0-00252-00069918-00070280 like when you design a system that sets
PPC69ANb3K0-00253-00070281-00070574 out to empower local small business
PPC69ANb3K0-00254-00070575-00070826 leaders to move the needle for poor
PPC69ANb3K0-00255-00070827-00071027 communities of people of color let me
PPC69ANb3K0-00256-00071028-00071267 take you into our process the very first
PPC69ANb3K0-00257-00071268-00071402 thing you have to do when you are
PPC69ANb3K0-00258-00071403-00071741 designing a process or methodology that
PPC69ANb3K0-00259-00071742-00071957 we like to consider at Food Lab design
PPC69ANb3K0-00260-00071958-00072245 thinking and that it requires empathy
PPC69ANb3K0-00261-00072246-00072557 that's the first thing it's important to
PPC69ANb3K0-00262-00072558-00072908 understand the user you need to see the
PPC69ANb3K0-00263-00072909-00073265 solution from the users perspective this
PPC69ANb3K0-00264-00073266-00073517 is a picture of Detroit vegan so why is
PPC69ANb3K0-00265-00073518-00073814 this so important because the user of
PPC69ANb3K0-00266-00073815-00074114 Detroit vegan so the consumer of Detroit
PPC69ANb3K0-00267-00074115-00074363 vegan so what the founders of Detroit
PPC69ANb3K0-00268-00074364-00074690 vegan zone Erica and Kirsten found in
PPC69ANb3K0-00269-00074691-00074903 Detroit vegan soul because based upon
PPC69ANb3K0-00270-00074904-00075214 their reality their parents themselves
PPC69ANb3K0-00271-00075215-00075422 they were suffering from high blood
PPC69ANb3K0-00272-00075423-00075734 pressure diabetes and so they wanted to
PPC69ANb3K0-00273-00075735-00076007 create a vegan soul food restaurant that
PPC69ANb3K0-00274-00076008-00076232 was very much about culture still
PPC69ANb3K0-00275-00076233-00076457 keeping that soul food element but
PPC69ANb3K0-00276-00076458-00076742 taking a plant-based approach in making
PPC69ANb3K0-00277-00076743-00077072 soul food vegan and still having the
PPC69ANb3K0-00278-00077073-00077411 flavor of it they were the user so they
PPC69ANb3K0-00279-00077412-00077711 design a restaurant based around what
PPC69ANb3K0-00280-00077712-00077927 they were experiencing for themselves
PPC69ANb3K0-00281-00077928-00078200 they first opened up a restaurant on the
PPC69ANb3K0-00282-00078201-00078434 east side of Detroit this picture is
PPC69ANb3K0-00283-00078435-00078656 their second location on the west side
PPC69ANb3K0-00284-00078657-00078836 of your choice they're also working on a
PPC69ANb3K0-00285-00078837-00079094 third location Detroit it is because
PPC69ANb3K0-00286-00079095-00079349 when you design a APE if you have a
PPC69ANb3K0-00287-00079350-00079610 problem and you design a solution with
PPC69ANb3K0-00288-00079611-00079712 the user in mind
PPC69ANb3K0-00289-00079713-00079841 while the user and you're speaking to a
PPC69ANb3K0-00290-00079842-00080075 community this is how you can grow and
PPC69ANb3K0-00291-00080076-00080381 scale a business the second kind of
PPC69ANb3K0-00292-00080382-00080582 philosophy that we take a look at in our
PPC69ANb3K0-00293-00080583-00080798 design process is that Design Thinking
PPC69ANb3K0-00294-00080799-00081059 requires the ability to put across a
PPC69ANb3K0-00295-00081060-00081404 story it is an iterative process and it
PPC69ANb3K0-00296-00081405-00081599 requires the understanding of the
PPC69ANb3K0-00297-00081600-00081788 problem you have to not only understand
PPC69ANb3K0-00298-00081789-00081959 the problem but you have also have
PPC69ANb3K0-00299-00081960-00082197 constantly got to be looking for
PPC69ANb3K0-00300-00082198-00082515 solutions and you can't do that by not
PPC69ANb3K0-00301-00082516-00082746 talking and thinking and put other
PPC69ANb3K0-00302-00082747-00082925 people so this is what we did at Food
PPC69ANb3K0-00303-00082926-00083174 Lab we knew there was a problem but we
PPC69ANb3K0-00304-00083175-00083334 knew that we can also find a solution
PPC69ANb3K0-00305-00083335-00083516 what was the problem well in Detroit we
PPC69ANb3K0-00306-00083517-00083796 have over 1,500 urban gardens and farms
PPC69ANb3K0-00307-00083797-00084009 in the city of Detroit and we work with
PPC69ANb3K0-00308-00084010-00084176 one of our sister organizations that's
PPC69ANb3K0-00309-00084177-00084380 called keep growing Detroit they do for
PPC69ANb3K0-00310-00084381-00084536 farmers what Food Lab does for
PPC69ANb3K0-00311-00084537-00084749 entrepreneurs and these are farmers in
PPC69ANb3K0-00312-00084750-00084941 the city of Detroit who want to not only
PPC69ANb3K0-00313-00084942-00085190 farm but they want to make farming an
PPC69ANb3K0-00314-00085191-00085448 economical viable business model for
PPC69ANb3K0-00315-00085449-00085673 them they want to live off of farming
PPC69ANb3K0-00316-00085674-00085904 and so there was a problem and the
PPC69ANb3K0-00317-00085905-00086172 problem was is that many of the farmers
PPC69ANb3K0-00318-00086173-00086385 as they were growing they did not have a
PPC69ANb3K0-00319-00086386-00086585 market where they could sell their
PPC69ANb3K0-00320-00086586-00086828 produce outside of maybe farmers markets
PPC69ANb3K0-00321-00086829-00087068 or maybe community markets they wanted
PPC69ANb3K0-00322-00087069-00087272 to create other markets so this is where
PPC69ANb3K0-00323-00087273-00087518 food lab came in keep growing Detroit in
PPC69ANb3K0-00324-00087519-00087660 food lab came together and we set
PPC69ANb3K0-00325-00087661-00087893 ourselves there's a problem we need to
PPC69ANb3K0-00326-00087894-00088151 grow the market for Detroit farmers so
PPC69ANb3K0-00327-00088152-00088322 we created a program that was called
PPC69ANb3K0-00328-00088323-00088671 Detroit grown and made that program is
PPC69ANb3K0-00329-00088672-00088949 when Food Lab entrepreneurs who are
PPC69ANb3K0-00330-00088950-00089097 growing and scaling their business
PPC69ANb3K0-00331-00089098-00089328 locally sourced their produce from
PPC69ANb3K0-00332-00089329-00089579 Detroit farmers and food lab serves as a
PPC69ANb3K0-00333-00089580-00089915 supply intermediary between the farmer
PPC69ANb3K0-00334-00089916-00090246 and the entrepreneur this is a picture
PPC69ANb3K0-00335-00090247-00090510 of one of our entrepreneurs who locally
PPC69ANb3K0-00336-00090511-00090800 sources some Michigan wild ginger from a
PPC69ANb3K0-00337-00090801-00091013 farmer who grows nothing but ginger for
PPC69ANb3K0-00338-00091014-00091262 jest McCleary and what does she do she
PPC69ANb3K0-00339-00091263-00091598 uses this in her what we call consumer
PPC69ANb3K0-00340-00091599-00091859 packaged good which is called McCleary
PPC69ANb3K0-00341-00091860-00092084 bros it's the tasting vinegar it's a
PPC69ANb3K0-00342-00092085-00092267 cocktail shrub you can use it for
PPC69ANb3K0-00343-00092268-00092444 marinades you can make vinaigrettes
PPC69ANb3K0-00344-00092445-00092672 working you can use it in a cocktail for
PPC69ANb3K0-00345-00092673-00092852 an old-fashioned cocktail as a matter of
PPC69ANb3K0-00346-00092853-00093036 fact it was just picked
PPC69ANb3K0-00347-00093037-00093285 up from a national retailer called West
PPC69ANb3K0-00348-00093286-00093600 Elm so you can now find McCleary bros at
PPC69ANb3K0-00349-00093601-00093837 West Elm and here's the thing this is
PPC69ANb3K0-00350-00093838-00094053 where Design Thinking comes in right if
PPC69ANb3K0-00351-00094054-00094275 you pull one lever what happens on the
PPC69ANb3K0-00352-00094276-00094512 other side it's called a rising tide
PPC69ANb3K0-00353-00094513-00094638 lifts all boats
PPC69ANb3K0-00354-00094639-00094863 so as jess McCleary begins to grow her
PPC69ANb3K0-00355-00094864-00095139 business right she's now a hundred and
PPC69ANb3K0-00356-00095140-00095387 ninety five stores across the country
PPC69ANb3K0-00357-00095388-00095709 twenty two states what do you think that
PPC69ANb3K0-00358-00095710-00095919 does for the farmers in detroit where
PPC69ANb3K0-00359-00095920-00096114 she locally sources her products from
PPC69ANb3K0-00360-00096115-00096387 right and she does well they do well
PPC69ANb3K0-00361-00096388-00096711 also but we weren't able to find a
PPC69ANb3K0-00362-00096712-00096930 solution to that problem until you sit
PPC69ANb3K0-00363-00096931-00097101 down the entrepreneur and you sit down
PPC69ANb3K0-00364-00097102-00097284 the farmer and they build relationships
PPC69ANb3K0-00365-00097285-00097521 and figure out how to work together
PPC69ANb3K0-00366-00097522-00097832 the third really really important
PPC69ANb3K0-00367-00097833-00098055 component in our design process a food
PPC69ANb3K0-00368-00098056-00098223 lab is that when we are designing
PPC69ANb3K0-00369-00098224-00098507 systems we intentionally put together
PPC69ANb3K0-00370-00098508-00098817 what we call unlikely bedfellows people
PPC69ANb3K0-00371-00098818-00099048 who would have never met if it wasn't
PPC69ANb3K0-00372-00099049-00099159 for the fact that they were a part of
PPC69ANb3K0-00373-00099160-00099345 food lab detroit they bring together
PPC69ANb3K0-00374-00099346-00099657 diverse perspectives many of them who
PPC69ANb3K0-00375-00099658-00099828 had never worked together but when they
PPC69ANb3K0-00376-00099829-00100035 begin to talk when they begin to work
PPC69ANb3K0-00377-00100036-00100200 together they find out that there are
PPC69ANb3K0-00378-00100201-00100413 more differences between there are more
PPC69ANb3K0-00379-00100414-00100581 things that they have in common than
PPC69ANb3K0-00380-00100582-00100812 they do differences this is a picture of
PPC69ANb3K0-00381-00100813-00101049 April Anderson who owns good cakes and
PPC69ANb3K0-00382-00101050-00101316 bakes and Shannon Byrd who owns slow
PPC69ANb3K0-00383-00101317-00101628 jams shannon has a jam company April has
PPC69ANb3K0-00384-00101629-00101856 a brick-and-mortar that's called good
PPC69ANb3K0-00385-00101857-00102060 cakes and bakes that's on Livernois the
PPC69ANb3K0-00386-00102061-00102291 thing that they found out that they have
PPC69ANb3K0-00387-00102292-00102533 in common in this particular work group
PPC69ANb3K0-00388-00102534-00102746 that we were having is that they both
PPC69ANb3K0-00389-00102747-00103079 hire individuals who have high barriers
PPC69ANb3K0-00390-00103080-00103292 to unemployment and they both happen to
PPC69ANb3K0-00391-00103293-00103601 be men shannon was bringing on young men
PPC69ANb3K0-00392-00103602-00103868 training them who had been high school
PPC69ANb3K0-00393-00103869-00104139 dropouts April was hiring men who were
PPC69ANb3K0-00394-00104140-00104342 returning citizens coming back into the
PPC69ANb3K0-00395-00104343-00104618 community community and they did not
PPC69ANb3K0-00396-00104619-00104874 realize that they could form a training
PPC69ANb3K0-00397-00104875-00105059 program where they could work together
PPC69ANb3K0-00398-00105060-00105597 to hire and also train food not only to
PPC69ANb3K0-00399-00105598-00105866 be to grow in their businesses but offer
PPC69ANb3K0-00400-00105867-00106208 good jobs as well for both slow-jam
PPC69ANb3K0-00401-00106208-00106397 also good cakes and bakes but that
PPC69ANb3K0-00402-00106398-00106619 doesn't happen unless you design a
PPC69ANb3K0-00403-00106620-00106834 process where you are intentionally
PPC69ANb3K0-00404-00106835-00107045 putting people together in the same room
PPC69ANb3K0-00405-00107046-00107276 so they can talk and I would say that
PPC69ANb3K0-00406-00107277-00107485 the last thing that was important not
PPC69ANb3K0-00407-00107486-00107633 the last thing but the second to last
PPC69ANb3K0-00408-00107633-00107819 thing I think is most important is
PPC69ANb3K0-00409-00107820-00108128 humility every year food lab
PPC69ANb3K0-00410-00108129-00108314 entrepreneurs and we all come together
PPC69ANb3K0-00411-00108315-00108535 as something we call our annual
PPC69ANb3K0-00412-00108536-00108788 membership summit and sometimes the
PPC69ANb3K0-00413-00108789-00109006 problems and the challenges can be so
PPC69ANb3K0-00414-00109007-00109241 overwhelming for one food entrepreneur
PPC69ANb3K0-00415-00109242-00109427 but they may not be able to see to see
PPC69ANb3K0-00416-00109428-00109622 the light at the end of the tunnel but
PPC69ANb3K0-00417-00109623-00109928 humility is so important and that is
PPC69ANb3K0-00418-00109929-00110150 that you have to have an attitude that
PPC69ANb3K0-00419-00110151-00110444 allows you to go for a preconceived
PPC69ANb3K0-00420-00110445-00110747 notion about not what's impossible but
PPC69ANb3K0-00421-00110748-00111034 what is possible and so we bring our
PPC69ANb3K0-00422-00111035-00111283 entrepreneurs together and what we do is
PPC69ANb3K0-00423-00111284-00111638 we vision together and we know that when
PPC69ANb3K0-00424-00111639-00111857 we work together what one entrepreneur
PPC69ANb3K0-00425-00111858-00112100 may not be able to do on their own
PPC69ANb3K0-00426-00112101-00112384 they ask for help from the community and
PPC69ANb3K0-00427-00112385-00112643 we decide on one project that we're
PPC69ANb3K0-00428-00112644-00112889 going to work together as a community to
PPC69ANb3K0-00429-00112890-00113110 move it forward so they can see the
PPC69ANb3K0-00430-00113111-00113308 possibility of what they thought was
PPC69ANb3K0-00431-00113309-00113627 impossible and then once you have a
PPC69ANb3K0-00432-00113628-00113855 design process and you've gone through
PPC69ANb3K0-00433-00113856-00114092 when you design the process and you've
PPC69ANb3K0-00434-00114093-00114310 done some type of iteration and you put
PPC69ANb3K0-00435-00114311-00114374 it on paper
PPC69ANb3K0-00436-00114375-00114554 I think the most important thing you
PPC69ANb3K0-00437-00114555-00114740 have to do in a design process is you've
PPC69ANb3K0-00438-00114741-00114953 got a prototype to thing you got to see
PPC69ANb3K0-00439-00114954-00115154 if it works and one of the things that
PPC69ANb3K0-00440-00115155-00115400 way food entrepreneurs prototype is that
PPC69ANb3K0-00441-00115401-00115628 we do pop ups here's a picture of Mako
PPC69ANb3K0-00442-00115629-00115766 and her partner and what you see behind
PPC69ANb3K0-00443-00115767-00116158 her is an Airstream and so Mako does pop
PPC69ANb3K0-00444-00116159-00116489 ups at a farm that's called the farm is
PPC69ANb3K0-00445-00116490-00116654 am laying in Corktown
PPC69ANb3K0-00446-00116655-00116855 but the name of her Airstream trailer
PPC69ANb3K0-00447-00116856-00116966 and her business is called pink
PPC69ANb3K0-00448-00116967-00117143 flamingos so she doesn't have a
PPC69ANb3K0-00449-00117144-00117341 restaurant well she doesn't she pops up
PPC69ANb3K0-00450-00117342-00117515 out of her Airstream on every Thursday
PPC69ANb3K0-00451-00117516-00117740 she's working toward a restaurant she's
PPC69ANb3K0-00452-00117741-00117971 trying to get consumer validation she's
PPC69ANb3K0-00453-00117972-00118208 trying to analyze the market she's
PPC69ANb3K0-00454-00118208-00118424 trying to test out her menu she's trying
PPC69ANb3K0-00455-00118425-00118669 to see who her consumer is it is
PPC69ANb3K0-00456-00118670-00119021 prototyping an idea before you do the
PPC69ANb3K0-00457-00119022-00119198 full-fledged launch of that
PPC69ANb3K0-00458-00119199-00119485 and here's the deal phoo lab Detroit it
PPC69ANb3K0-00459-00119486-00119696 can we consist of about 200 small
PPC69ANb3K0-00460-00119697-00119939 locally owned food businesses burgeoning
PPC69ANb3K0-00461-00119940-00120164 food entrepreneurs we provide hands-on
PPC69ANb3K0-00462-00120165-00120433 education resources to help these
PPC69ANb3K0-00463-00120434-00120661 entrepreneurs start and scale healthy
PPC69ANb3K0-00464-00120663-00120998 food businesses last year alone these
PPC69ANb3K0-00465-00120999-00121226 small businesses they generated almost
PPC69ANb3K0-00466-00121227-00121483 8.2 million dollars in annual revenue
PPC69ANb3K0-00467-00121484-00121858 and they hired about 252 Detroiters and
PPC69ANb3K0-00468-00121859-00122209 provided jobs for Detroiters right this
PPC69ANb3K0-00469-00122210-00122479 is how you build a local economic
PPC69ANb3K0-00470-00122480-00122641 development and community development
PPC69ANb3K0-00471-00122642-00122849 strategy and I know the examples that
PPC69ANb3K0-00472-00122850-00123052 I've given you good cakes and makes
PPC69ANb3K0-00473-00123053-00123374 Detroit vegan so slow-jam these are just
PPC69ANb3K0-00474-00123375-00123722 a small examples but these are stories
PPC69ANb3K0-00475-00123723-00124066 about how you begin to build an
PPC69ANb3K0-00476-00124067-00124363 ecosystem that creates an economy in a
PPC69ANb3K0-00477-00124364-00124591 places in spaces that were left vacant
PPC69ANb3K0-00478-00124592-00124834 by the disagree disintegration of the OU
PPC69ANb3K0-00479-00124835-00125140 and more importantly this is how you
PPC69ANb3K0-00480-00125141-00125566 also build participation amongst those
PPC69ANb3K0-00481-00125567-00125827 individuals who are building businesses
PPC69ANb3K0-00482-00125828-00126085 and want to create a community and so
PPC69ANb3K0-00483-00126086-00126308 last but not least what I'll say is that
PPC69ANb3K0-00484-00126308-00126593 I am NOT here to tell you that designing
PPC69ANb3K0-00485-00126594-00126938 a system within Food Lab it's the end
PPC69ANb3K0-00486-00126939-00127186 all and be all solution in Detroit we
PPC69ANb3K0-00487-00127188-00127363 have several challenges in the city of
PPC69ANb3K0-00488-00127364-00127561 Detroit I am just the player in the
PPC69ANb3K0-00489-00127563-00127832 ecosystem but here's what I believe I
PPC69ANb3K0-00490-00127833-00128057 believe that strengthening the social
PPC69ANb3K0-00491-00128058-00128372 fabric of your city and jump-starting a
PPC69ANb3K0-00492-00128373-00128681 local entrepreneurship it all begins
PPC69ANb3K0-00493-00128682-00129019 we're sitting around the table talking
PPC69ANb3K0-00494-00129020-00129364 designing a system for folks who are not
PPC69ANb3K0-00495-00129365-00129668 only growing we're cooking who are
PPC69ANb3K0-00496-00129669-00130106 serving fresh healthy nutritious and
PPC69ANb3K0-00497-00130107-00130623 delicious food thank you
PPC69ANb3K0-00498-00130624-00131746 [Applause]
PPC69ANb3K0-00499-00131747-00132176 thank you to Peter I was in Detroit I
PPC69ANb3K0-00500-00132177-00133058 would be all up in some Food Lab yeah so
PPC69ANb3K0-00501-00133059-00133232 my name is Kaiba
PPC69ANb3K0-00502-00133233-00133454 Conte I'm the founder CEO of Red Bay
PPC69ANb3K0-00503-00133455-00133673 Coffee Roasters in Oakland California
PPC69ANb3K0-00504-00133674-00134174 about four years old and I'm going to
PPC69ANb3K0-00505-00134175-00134521 walk you through three design projects
PPC69ANb3K0-00506-00134522-00134990 so really I appreciate it de vidas talk
PPC69ANb3K0-00507-00134991-00135227 because it really went you know from the
PPC69ANb3K0-00508-00135228-00135368 it was the macro of the big picture
PPC69ANb3K0-00509-00135369-00135644 right so in if there was a food lab in
PPC69ANb3K0-00510-00135645-00135797 Oakland we would be one of those
PPC69ANb3K0-00511-00135798-00136082 entrepreneurs so this is sort of like
PPC69ANb3K0-00512-00136083-00136352 narrowing down on the macro of one
PPC69ANb3K0-00513-00136353-00136766 button one entrepreneurial story and and
PPC69ANb3K0-00514-00136767-00136946 how we're trying to make a difference in
PPC69ANb3K0-00515-00136947-00137315 our community my background is that of
PPC69ANb3K0-00516-00137316-00137735 an artist and a food entrepreneur and an
PPC69ANb3K0-00517-00137736-00138014 activist Red Bay coffee at red big
PPC69ANb3K0-00518-00138015-00138581 coffee we we strive to develop you know
PPC69ANb3K0-00519-00138582-00138905 beautiful coffees sustainable
PPC69ANb3K0-00520-00138906-00139426 communities and we do that through
PPC69ANb3K0-00521-00139427-00139808 through keeping our eyes on on focusing
PPC69ANb3K0-00522-00139809-00140078 on creating opportunities within our
PPC69ANb3K0-00523-00140079-00140372 community in general and in particular
PPC69ANb3K0-00524-00140373-00140747 you know developing single origin
PPC69ANb3K0-00525-00140748-00141239 coffees sustainable sink organic coffees
PPC69ANb3K0-00526-00141240-00141359 and that's and that's the business that
PPC69ANb3K0-00527-00141360-00142261 we create
PPC69ANb3K0-00528-00142262-00142805 if you love something enough it will
PPC69ANb3K0-00529-00142806-00143108 reveal his secrets to you this is a
PPC69ANb3K0-00530-00143109-00143360 quote by George Washington Carver and it
PPC69ANb3K0-00531-00143361-00143759 has guided my my ink was inquisition
PPC69ANb3K0-00532-00143760-00144164 into developing in my research into
PPC69ANb3K0-00533-00144165-00144521 coffee and and that's exactly what what
PPC69ANb3K0-00534-00144522-00144950 I needed to do four years ago five years
PPC69ANb3K0-00535-00144951-00145313 ago when I began to roast coffee and
PPC69ANb3K0-00536-00145314-00145640 learn that side of it up to that point I
PPC69ANb3K0-00537-00145641-00146186 had operated coffee shops gorilla cafe
PPC69ANb3K0-00538-00146187-00146483 chasing Lions Cafe decided to take a
PPC69ANb3K0-00539-00146484-00146911 step back into the food value chain and
PPC69ANb3K0-00540-00146912-00147569 to learn how to roast coffee so to do
PPC69ANb3K0-00541-00147570-00147938 that I needed a space and luckily I had
PPC69ANb3K0-00542-00147939-00148439 a room in my garage and and I applied
PPC69ANb3K0-00543-00148440-00148733 and I developed this room into a coffee
PPC69ANb3K0-00544-00148734-00149249 dojo a dojo is Japanese for a room where
PPC69ANb3K0-00545-00149250-00149651 you train in your arts martial arts but
PPC69ANb3K0-00546-00149652-00150104 in this case the culinary arts so this
PPC69ANb3K0-00547-00150105-00150251 is the room
PPC69ANb3K0-00548-00150252-00150658 it was stores a storage room surrounded
PPC69ANb3K0-00549-00150659-00151043 by a garden in our yard in our home in
PPC69ANb3K0-00550-00151044-00151544 the foo Belle district so much like my
PPC69ANb3K0-00551-00151545-00151904 artwork one of my design principles of
PPC69ANb3K0-00552-00151905-00152240 building principles is by using salvaged
PPC69ANb3K0-00553-00152241-00152650 materials wood you know fixtures
PPC69ANb3K0-00554-00152651-00152986 whenever like whenever I can
PPC69ANb3K0-00555-00152987-00153445 so the door so this door this room is
PPC69ANb3K0-00556-00153446-00153908 about six foot tall and depending on the
PPC69ANb3K0-00557-00153909-00154145 shoes I'm wearing I'll be about six foot
PPC69ANb3K0-00558-00154146-00154475 tall so so a lot of people would knock
PPC69ANb3K0-00559-00154476-00154628 their head when they walk through here
PPC69ANb3K0-00560-00154629-00154922 so at first I wrote the word duck and
PPC69ANb3K0-00561-00154923-00155147 then I was like no how about
PPC69ANb3K0-00562-00155148-00155455 Wow and you know so sometimes we have
PPC69ANb3K0-00563-00155456-00155762 design challenges and it's really it's
PPC69ANb3K0-00564-00155763-00155921 really just the perspective that we
PPC69ANb3K0-00565-00155922-00156200 bring to work through to work through
PPC69ANb3K0-00566-00156201-00156239 there
PPC69ANb3K0-00567-00156240-00156686 and the angel is in the details you know
PPC69ANb3K0-00568-00156687-00157100 so it's a lot of fun to to to play with
PPC69ANb3K0-00569-00157101-00157310 the detail so I don't know if you
PPC69ANb3K0-00570-00157311-00157562 everyone reckon recognizes this tool but
PPC69ANb3K0-00571-00157563-00157775 it's what the barista will use to tamp
PPC69ANb3K0-00572-00157776-00157985 down the coffee when they pull a shot of
PPC69ANb3K0-00573-00157986-00158465 espresso and it's a door handle so once
PPC69ANb3K0-00574-00158466-00158729 we built it now it's time to start
PPC69ANb3K0-00575-00158730-00159035 training so this is Solomon Tyson my
PPC69ANb3K0-00576-00159036-00159359 coffee roasting apprentice who started
PPC69ANb3K0-00577-00159360-00159644 in after-school arts program where we
PPC69ANb3K0-00578-00159645-00159994 met and and we became friends and
PPC69ANb3K0-00579-00159995-00160415 training in martial arts which is unique
PPC69ANb3K0-00580-00160416-00160835 because he's in a wheelchair but he had
PPC69ANb3K0-00581-00160836-00161210 a he had a he had a sense for it and so
PPC69ANb3K0-00582-00161211-00161465 we we became friends in that in that
PPC69ANb3K0-00583-00161466-00161819 context he got a job as a cashier at
PPC69ANb3K0-00584-00161820-00162128 chasing Lions cafe and then as a barista
PPC69ANb3K0-00585-00162129-00162335 he was the only one there drinking
PPC69ANb3K0-00586-00162336-00162611 straight espresso so I knew he was
PPC69ANb3K0-00587-00162612-00162803 developing his palate I invited him to
PPC69ANb3K0-00588-00162804-00163103 be my roasting apprentice in the dojo
PPC69ANb3K0-00589-00163104-00163526 and you know we're big believer in each
PPC69ANb3K0-00590-00163527-00164641 one teach one so what we do is we roast
PPC69ANb3K0-00591-00164642-00165098 we taste evaluate adjust and repeat
PPC69ANb3K0-00592-00165099-00165581 until we created the flavor profiles
PPC69ANb3K0-00593-00165582-00165866 that we needed to replace the coffee's
PPC69ANb3K0-00594-00165867-00166085 that were each of my coffee shops so at
PPC69ANb3K0-00595-00166086-00166298 the time that we birthed Red Bay coffee
PPC69ANb3K0-00596-00166299-00166786 I had two coffee shops and our highest
PPC69ANb3K0-00597-00166787-00167234 invoice was that of our coffee producers
PPC69ANb3K0-00598-00167235-00167660 are four Coffee Roasters so so you know
PPC69ANb3K0-00599-00167661-00167957 but I chose two of the best Coffee
PPC69ANb3K0-00600-00167958-00168293 Roasters in our area which is some of
PPC69ANb3K0-00601-00168294-00168456 the best coffee in the
PPC69ANb3K0-00602-00168457-00168618 world in Northern California is a very
PPC69ANb3K0-00603-00168619-00168774 competitive environment
PPC69ANb3K0-00604-00168775-00169185 so I had a very high bar to create to
PPC69ANb3K0-00605-00169186-00169593 pass in order to you know to to enter
PPC69ANb3K0-00606-00169594-00169814 that market there my own coffee there
PPC69ANb3K0-00607-00169815-00170012 are my own coffee shops but still I
PPC69ANb3K0-00608-00170013-00170339 needed to step up properly so we would
PPC69ANb3K0-00609-00170340-00170721 roast in develop in train in the dojo
PPC69ANb3K0-00610-00170722-00171069 until we've got results that we feel
PPC69ANb3K0-00611-00171070-00171377 like we could present so you know once
PPC69ANb3K0-00612-00171378-00171550 Mian Solomon worked through that process
PPC69ANb3K0-00613-00171551-00171861 then we got to work and started
PPC69ANb3K0-00614-00171862-00172166 producing and start to to scale up so
PPC69ANb3K0-00615-00172167-00172400 this was the place that we would develop
PPC69ANb3K0-00616-00172401-00172686 the profiles we had a sort of a
PPC69ANb3K0-00617-00172687-00172874 commercial kitchen where we can go out
PPC69ANb3K0-00618-00172875-00173228 and and produce and larger scales we
PPC69ANb3K0-00619-00173229-00173723 would come here bag it up and deliver it
PPC69ANb3K0-00620-00173724-00174348 we we developed and run the business out
PPC69ANb3K0-00621-00174349-00174653 of the dojo for the first almost two
PPC69ANb3K0-00622-00174654-00175083 years and we had eight scaled up to
PPC69ANb3K0-00623-00175084-00175308 eight employees and in that one little
PPC69ANb3K0-00624-00175309-00175703 room and you know sharing some space in
PPC69ANb3K0-00625-00175704-00176010 the house sometimes so that was pretty
PPC69ANb3K0-00626-00176011-00176639 close quarters so that's the dojo so we
PPC69ANb3K0-00627-00176640-00176981 grew our business initially with the
PPC69ANb3K0-00628-00176982-00177311 hotel accounts into restaurants and in
PPC69ANb3K0-00629-00177312-00177597 grocery stores and then it was time to
PPC69ANb3K0-00630-00177598-00178162 begin our very first coffee coffee shop
PPC69ANb3K0-00631-00178163-00178593 so we got invitation from our friends at
PPC69ANb3K0-00632-00178594-00178959 the impact of Auckland which is uptown
PPC69ANb3K0-00633-00178960-00179172 Oakland and a development called the
PPC69ANb3K0-00634-00179173-00179479 hive there's a barber shop a bakery
PPC69ANb3K0-00635-00179480-00180108 restaurants and housing so so we
PPC69ANb3K0-00636-00180109-00180468 designed a coffee bar that would be
PPC69ANb3K0-00637-00180469-00180882 outside in the middle of this plaza so
PPC69ANb3K0-00638-00180883-00181173 the design idea there was to create a
PPC69ANb3K0-00639-00181174-00181674 shop that would one reflect Oakland's
PPC69ANb3K0-00640-00181675-00182007 asked and present culture at the same
PPC69ANb3K0-00641-00182008-00182145 time is addressing some of the
PPC69ANb3K0-00642-00182146-00182556 challenges that are in our city so first
PPC69ANb3K0-00643-00182557-00182778 a physical design of the space so
PPC69ANb3K0-00644-00182779-00182970 Oakland among many other things is a
PPC69ANb3K0-00645-00182971-00183437 port town much of the goods coming
PPC69ANb3K0-00646-00183438-00183771 through the western half of this country
PPC69ANb3K0-00647-00183772-00183951 come through the Port of Oakland and
PPC69ANb3K0-00648-00183952-00184401 that includes coffee so we designed it
PPC69ANb3K0-00649-00184402-00185045 we started with a shipping container
PPC69ANb3K0-00650-00185046-00185370 so so this was the shipping container
PPC69ANb3K0-00651-00185371-00185865 and and you can see even the shape of
PPC69ANb3K0-00652-00185866-00186279 that awning reflects the iconic Oakland
PPC69ANb3K0-00653-00186280-00186708 shipping cranes that were very inspiring
PPC69ANb3K0-00654-00186709-00187115 to many creatives such as some of the
PPC69ANb3K0-00655-00187116-00187487 Star Trek movies I mean Star Wars movies
PPC69ANb3K0-00656-00187488-00187974 so this was just a mock-up and what we
PPC69ANb3K0-00657-00187975-00188424 did here was we ran a a crowdfunding
PPC69ANb3K0-00658-00188425-00188793 platform to create the funds in order to
PPC69ANb3K0-00659-00188794-00189114 launch this business I had a lot of
PPC69ANb3K0-00660-00189115-00189486 apprehension about running a campaign to
PPC69ANb3K0-00661-00189487-00189903 just start my own business but to
PPC69ANb3K0-00662-00189904-00190110 address one of the other challenges in
PPC69ANb3K0-00663-00190111-00190562 Oakland which was which is which is
PPC69ANb3K0-00664-00190563-00191067 gentrification a lack of affordable well
PPC69ANb3K0-00665-00191068-00191418 paying jobs I thought well how can we
PPC69ANb3K0-00666-00191419-00191670 create you know we get I mean all right
PPC69ANb3K0-00667-00191671-00191799 we created something really cool-looking
PPC69ANb3K0-00668-00191800-00192177 in a great location we repurposed
PPC69ANb3K0-00669-00192178-00192420 materials a Salvage shipping container
PPC69ANb3K0-00670-00192421-00192672 but at the end of the day there was
PPC69ANb3K0-00671-00192673-00193260 still just low-wage service jobs so I
PPC69ANb3K0-00672-00193261-00193455 thought well how you know what
PPC69ANb3K0-00673-00193456-00193566 difference is just gonna be another
PPC69ANb3K0-00674-00193567-00193914 coffee shop so how are we how could we
PPC69ANb3K0-00675-00193915-00194112 build a business where the workers could
PPC69ANb3K0-00676-00194113-00194244 keep the profits now that would be
PPC69ANb3K0-00677-00194245-00194472 something interesting but you know but
PPC69ANb3K0-00678-00194473-00194690 if you're a coffee shop in
PPC69ANb3K0-00679-00194691-00194909 you're you know spending your savings or
PPC69ANb3K0-00680-00194910-00195152 taking loans or investments really
PPC69ANb3K0-00681-00195153-00195416 there's not much profit to share there
PPC69ANb3K0-00682-00195417-00195684 so that's why we went to the
PPC69ANb3K0-00683-00195685-00196109 crowdfunding and at that time the
PPC69ANb3K0-00684-00196110-00196364 highest amount ever raised for a coffee
PPC69ANb3K0-00685-00196365-00196550 project in the coffee category and
PPC69ANb3K0-00686-00196551-00196754 Kickstarter was fifty thousand dollars
PPC69ANb3K0-00687-00196755-00197063 we needed much more than that we set our
PPC69ANb3K0-00688-00197064-00197690 goal at eighty thousand many of many of
PPC69ANb3K0-00689-00197691-00198108 folks on my team thought bring that down
PPC69ANb3K0-00690-00198109-00198452 that's too much lower goal overshoot it
PPC69ANb3K0-00691-00198453-00198720 I'm like look we're gonna go for 80 and
PPC69ANb3K0-00692-00198721-00198959 we still need to overshoot that so we
PPC69ANb3K0-00693-00198960-00199131 raised eighty eight thousand dollars on
PPC69ANb3K0-00694-00199132-00199332 Kickstarter shattered all the previous
PPC69ANb3K0-00695-00199333-00199646 records in the coffee category and and
PPC69ANb3K0-00696-00199647-00200066 we put this thing to work so after
PPC69ANb3K0-00697-00200067-00200346 design you know we actually built it so
PPC69ANb3K0-00698-00200347-00200532 this is them delivering it you'll see
PPC69ANb3K0-00699-00200533-00200759 this is the hive the barbershop the
PPC69ANb3K0-00700-00200760-00200943 residential stuff in the background the
PPC69ANb3K0-00701-00200944-00201171 platform's the low foundational stuff
PPC69ANb3K0-00702-00201172-00201512 there now it's landed we're putting the
PPC69ANb3K0-00703-00201513-00201759 final design touches on painting our
PPC69ANb3K0-00704-00201760-00202214 logo on the outside we are you know
PPC69ANb3K0-00705-00202215-00202447 putting artwork on the inside this is
PPC69ANb3K0-00706-00202448-00202784 example of some some of my previous
PPC69ANb3K0-00707-00202785-00202944 artwork some of the medium that I do
PPC69ANb3K0-00708-00202945-00203157 which is photographic transfers on wood
PPC69ANb3K0-00709-00203158-00203629 also a reference to some of the
PPC69ANb3K0-00710-00203630-00203963 badassery culture of East Oakland and
PPC69ANb3K0-00711-00203964-00204459 you know so we we hired you know we
PPC69ANb3K0-00712-00204460-00204732 hired our team at that time you know
PPC69ANb3K0-00713-00204733-00204863 before we're opening we're training
PPC69ANb3K0-00714-00204864-00205313 we're cleaning the box half of the folks
PPC69ANb3K0-00715-00205314-00205606 we hired were formerly incarcerated or
PPC69ANb3K0-00716-00205607-00206063 former foster youth and then we opened
PPC69ANb3K0-00717-00206064-00206708 for business so not long ago earlier
PPC69ANb3K0-00718-00206709-00206915 this year we caught the attention of
PPC69ANb3K0-00719-00206916-00207359 BuzzFeed they did a 60-second video on
PPC69ANb3K0-00720-00207360-00207716 our box and it garnered over
PPC69ANb3K0-00721-00207717-00207965 three-quarters of a million views
PPC69ANb3K0-00722-00207966-00208254 and you know and it just continues to be
PPC69ANb3K0-00723-00208255-00208536 sort of an iconic location in Uptown
PPC69ANb3K0-00724-00208537-00209103 Oakland also enables us to practice the
PPC69ANb3K0-00725-00209104-00209271 cooperative economics that we talked
PPC69ANb3K0-00726-00209271-00209663 about so we found a baker local Baker
PPC69ANb3K0-00727-00209664-00209877 patisserie an african-american woman
PPC69ANb3K0-00728-00209878-00210264 doing some incredible sweet and savory
PPC69ANb3K0-00729-00210265-00210884 pies this is our own code brewed coffee
PPC69ANb3K0-00730-00210885-00211203 and handmade signs in the back so each
PPC69ANb3K0-00731-00211204-00211392 one of our wholesale accounts gets a
PPC69ANb3K0-00732-00211392-00211751 handmade sign that we build and burn and
PPC69ANb3K0-00733-00211752-00212136 screen print this is some of the staff
PPC69ANb3K0-00734-00212137-00212454 at the box and also at the the our
PPC69ANb3K0-00735-00212455-00213063 company red bag coffee so got the you've
PPC69ANb3K0-00736-00213064-00213246 seen the dojo you've seen our first
PPC69ANb3K0-00737-00213246-00213596 retail spot so now we're outgrowing the
PPC69ANb3K0-00738-00213598-00213753 dojo
PPC69ANb3K0-00739-00213754-00213984 we're busting at the seams actually and
PPC69ANb3K0-00740-00213985-00214215 so it's time to you know build our
PPC69ANb3K0-00741-00214216-00214367 headquarters we were looking for a
PPC69ANb3K0-00742-00214369-00214584 building to buy really we couldn't find
PPC69ANb3K0-00743-00214585-00214734 anything quite what we were looking for
PPC69ANb3K0-00744-00214735-00214998 we lucked out and found a place for
PPC69ANb3K0-00745-00214998-00215534 lease right in our own neighborhood and
PPC69ANb3K0-00746-00215535-00215802 yeah so this is the space that we found
PPC69ANb3K0-00747-00215803-00216336 it is 6,000 square feet and so this is
PPC69ANb3K0-00748-00216337-00216542 pretty much what it was that we walked
PPC69ANb3K0-00749-00216544-00217271 into and this is kind of current day so
PPC69ANb3K0-00750-00217273-00217560 when you when you hit the door you stand
PPC69ANb3K0-00751-00217561-00217871 right here you're basically able to see
PPC69ANb3K0-00752-00217873-00218292 the entire operation our offices to the
PPC69ANb3K0-00753-00218292-00218546 left the coffee roaster right in front
PPC69ANb3K0-00754-00218548-00218748 of you you know there's a production
PPC69ANb3K0-00755-00218748-00219021 space and the far back Center you know
PPC69ANb3K0-00756-00219021-00219237 you'll see a better shot of it later but
PPC69ANb3K0-00757-00219238-00219525 that's the the lab the coffee bar is
PPC69ANb3K0-00758-00219526-00219969 there and it doesn't take long for the
PPC69ANb3K0-00759-00219969-00220125 community to find out that there's a
PPC69ANb3K0-00760-00220126-00220421 space inevitably there's just always a
PPC69ANb3K0-00761-00220423-00220656 demand for venues in the space so we've
PPC69ANb3K0-00762-00220657-00220866 opened that up from the very beginning
PPC69ANb3K0-00763-00220867-00221254 and so we regularly have
PPC69ANb3K0-00764-00221255-00221668 lectures performances we've had five
PPC69ANb3K0-00765-00221669-00222331 weddings there already and just recently
PPC69ANb3K0-00766-00222332-00222682 we opened up the coffee bar so you know
PPC69ANb3K0-00767-00222683-00222868 really the our primary business is
PPC69ANb3K0-00768-00222869-00223139 roasting packaging and delivering coffee
PPC69ANb3K0-00769-00223140-00223471 developing doing our work I thought it
PPC69ANb3K0-00770-00223472-00223616 was important one because we had the
PPC69ANb3K0-00771-00223617-00223894 space but two I think what the coffee
PPC69ANb3K0-00772-00223895-00224098 bar does is it brings people into the
PPC69ANb3K0-00773-00224099-00224548 space it allows people to see the
PPC69ANb3K0-00774-00224549-00224824 process sort of as a transparent
PPC69ANb3K0-00775-00224825-00225049 production manufacturing and retail
PPC69ANb3K0-00776-00225050-00225481 all-in-one this is these are the cool
PPC69ANb3K0-00777-00225482-00225769 coffee kids call them so this is the
PPC69ANb3K0-00778-00225770-00226084 roasting team so next to me that's
PPC69ANb3K0-00779-00226085-00226384 solomon tyson who started you know and
PPC69ANb3K0-00780-00226385-00226592 you've heard his story but now he's our
PPC69ANb3K0-00781-00226592-00226964 lead production roaster and that's next
PPC69ANb3K0-00782-00226965-00227216 to him to his right is Phillipe Houston
PPC69ANb3K0-00783-00227217-00227668 who really was he became our first
PPC69ANb3K0-00784-00227669-00228022 director of coffee his experience was
PPC69ANb3K0-00785-00228023-00228263 really an expert in chocolate so he
PPC69ANb3K0-00786-00228264-00228397 worked for one of the specialty
PPC69ANb3K0-00787-00228398-00228682 chocolate manufacturers in San Francisco
PPC69ANb3K0-00788-00228683-00229087 when I had hunted him from that spot and
PPC69ANb3K0-00789-00229088-00229384 he's since went back to school to study
PPC69ANb3K0-00790-00229385-00229921 architecture so to his credit he tapped
PPC69ANb3K0-00791-00229922-00230209 and introduced me to Alicia Adams to his
PPC69ANb3K0-00792-00230210-00230462 right and she is our new director of
PPC69ANb3K0-00793-00230463-00230830 coffee and and as much as I love Cali
PPC69ANb3K0-00794-00230831-00231314 man she's better she's awesome but you
PPC69ANb3K0-00795-00231315-00231499 know Cali brought us so far but Alicia
PPC69ANb3K0-00796-00231500-00231706 Adams really took it to the next level
PPC69ANb3K0-00797-00231707-00231949 she's only been with the Red Bay for a
PPC69ANb3K0-00798-00231950-00232204 few months now but she's just lifted our
PPC69ANb3K0-00799-00232205-00232522 entire you know catalog of coffees and
PPC69ANb3K0-00800-00232523-00232787 we find them and just you know she had
PPC69ANb3K0-00801-00232788-00233068 years of experience of trained in Boston
PPC69ANb3K0-00802-00233069-00233422 at hospital in a research lab and then
PPC69ANb3K0-00803-00233423-00233695 got into coffee there became a really a
PPC69ANb3K0-00804-00233696-00234166 top-notch barista and then got into the
PPC69ANb3K0-00805-00234167-00234437 industry on the far other side green
PPC69ANb3K0-00806-00234438-00234584 coffee importer
PPC69ANb3K0-00807-00234585-00234911 quality control so she was then she was
PPC69ANb3K0-00808-00234912-00235117 just in the laboratory tasting and
PPC69ANb3K0-00809-00235119-00235412 scoring and evaluating coffee all day so
PPC69ANb3K0-00810-00235413-00235639 it was really two ends of the spectrum
PPC69ANb3K0-00811-00235640-00236063 and now she's developing that middle
PPC69ANb3K0-00812-00236064-00236346 piece which is profiling developing
PPC69ANb3K0-00813-00236348-00236627 coffee profiles and roasting on that
PPC69ANb3K0-00814-00236628-00237206 machine right there so in the very first
PPC69ANb3K0-00815-00237207-00237407 slide you saw an altar to George
PPC69ANb3K0-00816-00237408-00237635 Washington Carver so that really was the
PPC69ANb3K0-00817-00237636-00237866 inspiration to to sort of have us
PPC69ANb3K0-00818-00237867-00238082 discover and learn more about coffee
PPC69ANb3K0-00819-00238083-00238487 so that altar just never found a place
PPC69ANb3K0-00820-00238488-00238796 in the headquarters but we created
PPC69ANb3K0-00821-00238796-00239081 another altar and this time it was an
PPC69ANb3K0-00822-00239082-00239546 altar to Africa itself in Africa this is
PPC69ANb3K0-00823-00239546-00239765 a homage to really the birthplace of
PPC69ANb3K0-00824-00239766-00240188 coffee so you know coffee is Africa's
PPC69ANb3K0-00825-00240189-00240725 gift to the world you're welcome
PPC69ANb3K0-00826-00240726-00241025 so with the help of my friend on the
PPC69ANb3K0-00827-00241026-00241079 ladder
PPC69ANb3K0-00828-00241080-00241525 Yael she is the founder of Verde 360
PPC69ANb3K0-00829-00241526-00241736 Verde 360
PPC69ANb3K0-00830-00241737-00242048 she is amazing she's a genius she's
PPC69ANb3K0-00831-00242048-00242525 built these green walls in in Mexico
PPC69ANb3K0-00832-00242526-00242879 City and roofs and balls monumental
PPC69ANb3K0-00833-00242880-00243290 scale I mean five stories for a block
PPC69ANb3K0-00834-00243291-00243491 long I mean phenomenal look her up
PPC69ANb3K0-00835-00243492-00243701 they've got a great collection of her
PPC69ANb3K0-00836-00243702-00243992 work on the Facebook page and this is my
PPC69ANb3K0-00837-00243992-00244379 man Marvin who is my my friend next-door
PPC69ANb3K0-00838-00244380-00244544 neighbor and just a great builder and
PPC69ANb3K0-00839-00244544-00244754 he's kind of had his hands building on
PPC69ANb3K0-00840-00244755-00244946 almost anything in there so basically
PPC69ANb3K0-00841-00244946-00245213 what you see here we we did a rubber
PPC69ANb3K0-00842-00245214-00245473 seal against the back wall there were
PPC69ANb3K0-00843-00245475-00245738 these grids that we started the
PPC69ANb3K0-00844-00245739-00245960 succulents in outside there are some
PPC69ANb3K0-00845-00245961-00246169 tracks we put them there built the frame
PPC69ANb3K0-00846-00246171-00246389 around and then we'll put planks you
PPC69ANb3K0-00847-00246390-00246737 know around you know the rest of that
PPC69ANb3K0-00848-00246738-00247091 wall there and those planks are this is
PPC69ANb3K0-00849-00247092-00247550 us outside the nephews burning the
PPC69ANb3K0-00850-00247551-00247869 planks with the torch all salvaged wood
PPC69ANb3K0-00851-00247871-00248223 and and that's the best uh finished
PPC69ANb3K0-00852-00248225-00248734 piece so it's a living wall it's a
PPC69ANb3K0-00853-00248735-00249019 living altar and it's the people you
PPC69ANb3K0-00854-00249019-00249385 know are up on that Walter and in this
PPC69ANb3K0-00855-00249386-00249613 particular photo this is when David
PPC69ANb3K0-00856-00249614-00249966 Robinson came to this is David Robinson
PPC69ANb3K0-00857-00249967-00250327 the the son of Brooklyn's own Jackie
PPC69ANb3K0-00858-00250328-00250738 Robinson and he has been growing coffee
PPC69ANb3K0-00859-00250739-00250996 in Tanzania for thirty years just
PPC69ANb3K0-00860-00250996-00251260 quietly humbly doing making a
PPC69ANb3K0-00861-00251261-00251479 contribution to the world he wanted to
PPC69ANb3K0-00862-00251480-00251719 have an impact on farmers but knew he
PPC69ANb3K0-00863-00251719-00252004 needed to become one first then formed a
PPC69ANb3K0-00864-00252005-00252151 cooperative called
PPC69ANb3K0-00865-00252152-00252511 sweet unity farms I read about him made
PPC69ANb3K0-00866-00252512-00252751 contact he reached right back I met him
PPC69ANb3K0-00867-00252752-00252969 in New York his coffee was absolutely
PPC69ANb3K0-00868-00252971-00253276 delicious and we reached out and and we
PPC69ANb3K0-00869-00253277-00253528 bought a full shipping container full of
PPC69ANb3K0-00870-00253529-00253798 his coffee at a time that's three
PPC69ANb3K0-00871-00253798-00253981 hundred three hundred and twenty bags at
PPC69ANb3K0-00872-00253982-00254173 the time we were just buying like four
PPC69ANb3K0-00873-00254173-00254479 to six bags at a time so we really took
PPC69ANb3K0-00874-00254480-00254689 a leap of faith that our business was
PPC69ANb3K0-00875-00254690-00255052 gonna grow and you know in in much and
PPC69ANb3K0-00876-00255053-00255256 later on during the process we brought
PPC69ANb3K0-00877-00255257-00255423 him out for this coffee roasting
PPC69ANb3K0-00878-00255425-00255642 residency he stayed with me for a week
PPC69ANb3K0-00879-00255644-00255919 and learned how to roast coffee you know
PPC69ANb3K0-00880-00255919-00256117 the thing is in the coffee industry a
PPC69ANb3K0-00881-00256117-00256363 lot of people work in silos so he's a
PPC69ANb3K0-00882-00256364-00256696 great coffee grower but you know we I
PPC69ANb3K0-00883-00256696-00257101 figured if he's learning on how to roast
PPC69ANb3K0-00884-00257102-00257578 and taste coffee then that may help him
PPC69ANb3K0-00885-00257579-00257941 you know give him feedback on on and who
PPC69ANb3K0-00886-00257942-00258127 knows maybe it could help him and it
PPC69ANb3K0-00887-00258128-00258466 sure helps us understand the process and
PPC69ANb3K0-00888-00258467-00258628 these are also other coffee producers
PPC69ANb3K0-00889-00258629-00259042 from Ethiopia and Yemen young gifted and
PPC69ANb3K0-00890-00259042-00259296 black one of our you know if you haven't
PPC69ANb3K0-00891-00259298-00259564 heard these they are phenomenal
PPC69ANb3K0-00892-00259565-00259855 but anyway so so but this is you know
PPC69ANb3K0-00893-00259856-00260101 the living altar so it you know it's the
PPC69ANb3K0-00894-00260102-00260364 gift that keeps on giving
PPC69ANb3K0-00895-00260365-00260890 this is inside lab looking out and those
PPC69ANb3K0-00896-00260891-00261034 windows in the back
PPC69ANb3K0-00897-00261035-00261430 big recycled doors glass doors now the
PPC69ANb3K0-00898-00261431-00261745 horizontal we framed him out and Marvin
PPC69ANb3K0-00899-00261746-00262006 made them into windows
PPC69ANb3K0-00900-00262007-00262356 we built this adjustable height table
PPC69ANb3K0-00901-00262357-00262771 the gentleman in the middle is as a
PPC69ANb3K0-00902-00262772-00263104 coffee producer from Yemen the sister on
PPC69ANb3K0-00903-00263105-00263329 the right is a coffee producer from
PPC69ANb3K0-00904-00263330-00263617 Burundi East Africa and that's Alicia
PPC69ANb3K0-00905-00263618-00263791 Adams our directive coffee on the left
PPC69ANb3K0-00906-00263792-00264256 and this is sort of what it looks like
PPC69ANb3K0-00907-00264257-00264566 today so we have all this space we open
PPC69ANb3K0-00908-00264567-00264970 it up into a co-working space which is
PPC69ANb3K0-00909-00264971-00265273 really what the cafes were right the
PPC69ANb3K0-00910-00265274-00265432 original co-working space so there's no
PPC69ANb3K0-00911-00265433-00265630 membership just get a cup of coffee come
PPC69ANb3K0-00912-00265631-00265960 hang out spend time you know and what
PPC69ANb3K0-00913-00265961-00266302 happens is when folks gather in a
PPC69ANb3K0-00914-00266303-00266623 community in the coffee place around
PPC69ANb3K0-00915-00266624-00266902 coffee what happens is they bring Intel
PPC69ANb3K0-00916-00266903-00267113 they bring you know connections they
PPC69ANb3K0-00917-00267114-00267319 they start to build and and those
PPC69ANb3K0-00918-00267320-00267729 creative juices are going and you know
PPC69ANb3K0-00919-00267730-00267938 yeah we could talk more about that later
PPC69ANb3K0-00920-00267939-00268273 but so what you just saw was the
PPC69ANb3K0-00921-00268274-00268501 beginning of red big coffee in the in
PPC69ANb3K0-00922-00268502-00268688 the garage through our first retail
PPC69ANb3K0-00923-00268689-00269041 space in the module shipping container
PPC69ANb3K0-00924-00269042-00269383 and now this is the headquarters in the
PPC69ANb3K0-00925-00269384-00269632 Roasterie red big coffee thank you for
PPC69ANb3K0-00926-00269633-00269841 the time thank you
PPC69ANb3K0-00927-00269842-00272153 [Applause]
PPC69ANb3K0-00928-00272154-00272696 I first want to tell the cooper-hewitt
PPC69ANb3K0-00929-00272697-00273056 staff thank you so much Robin Susannah I
PPC69ANb3K0-00930-00273057-00273392 mean just thank you so much when I got
PPC69ANb3K0-00931-00273393-00273884 the call for to have the opportunity for
PPC69ANb3K0-00932-00273885-00274309 this event and then had the opportunity
PPC69ANb3K0-00933-00274310-00274727 to reach out to Kaiba to ask him to join
PPC69ANb3K0-00934-00274728-00274964 me I'm such a huge fan like you should
PPC69ANb3K0-00935-00274965-00275111 have just seen my hair like I mean I
PPC69ANb3K0-00936-00275112-00275276 know this person I know that yes cuz I
PPC69ANb3K0-00937-00275277-00275474 mean I'm in the Bay Area we have friends
PPC69ANb3K0-00938-00275475-00275801 in the Bay Area I am a huge fan of your
PPC69ANb3K0-00939-00275802-00275876 work
PPC69ANb3K0-00940-00275877-00276155 I love Red Bay I have talked about you
PPC69ANb3K0-00941-00276156-00276326 in presentations and talks that I have
PPC69ANb3K0-00942-00276327-00276569 given all around the country and so when
PPC69ANb3K0-00943-00276570-00276734 the opportunity came up for us to
PPC69ANb3K0-00944-00276735-00276893 actually be in conversation in the same
PPC69ANb3K0-00945-00276894-00277730 room at the same time I was like thank
PPC69ANb3K0-00946-00277731-00278075 you yes thank you so much yes and I hope
PPC69ANb3K0-00947-00278076-00278326 y'all got that I gave them my kind of
PPC69ANb3K0-00948-00278327-00278561 33000 kind of foot in the air of terms
PPC69ANb3K0-00949-00278562-00278729 of how we're helping to grow and
PPC69ANb3K0-00950-00278730-00278906 cultivate sustainable businesses in
PPC69ANb3K0-00951-00278907-00279149 Detroit from a design process in terms
PPC69ANb3K0-00952-00279150-00279386 of our systems and how we think and then
PPC69ANb3K0-00953-00279387-00279533 came a brought it right down to the
PPC69ANb3K0-00954-00279534-00279701 macro in terms of how he's applying
PPC69ANb3K0-00955-00279702-00279911 design and so I don't really want to
PPC69ANb3K0-00956-00279912-00280067 take up too much time in our
PPC69ANb3K0-00957-00280068-00280202 conversation because I'm gonna open it
PPC69ANb3K0-00958-00280203-00280394 up to Q&A but one of the things that I
PPC69ANb3K0-00959-00280395-00280586 do want to ask because there is another
PPC69ANb3K0-00960-00280587-00280754 organization in the Bay Area that I
PPC69ANb3K0-00961-00280755-00281153 absolutely love as well and it is fun
PPC69ANb3K0-00962-00281154-00281432 good jobs inner city advisors and what I
PPC69ANb3K0-00963-00281433-00281633 want to say Kaiba is that the work that
PPC69ANb3K0-00964-00281634-00281834 you and I do is so intersectional it's
PPC69ANb3K0-00965-00281835-00282008 about more than just food it's about
PPC69ANb3K0-00966-00282009-00282206 more than just beverage it's about
PPC69ANb3K0-00967-00282207-00282473 community it's about hiring kind of
PPC69ANb3K0-00968-00282474-00282647 young people young people in the
PPC69ANb3K0-00969-00282648-00282821 community and I'm just wondering when
PPC69ANb3K0-00970-00282822-00283061 you set out on this journey of red but
PPC69ANb3K0-00971-00283062-00283250 did you always think about that did you
PPC69ANb3K0-00972-00283251-00283602 always think about the intersectionality
PPC69ANb3K0-00973-00283603-00283788 absolutely for sure you know I mean
PPC69ANb3K0-00974-00283789-00284058 really we started like I started I went
PPC69ANb3K0-00975-00284059-00284295 to San Francisco State University in the
PPC69ANb3K0-00976-00284296-00284550 late 80s and early 90s and there was a
PPC69ANb3K0-00977-00284551-00284859 very political time it was a bit its
PPC69ANb3K0-00978-00284860-00285053 political campus historically
PPC69ANb3K0-00979-00285054-00285450 and so and I was an activist I was in
PPC69ANb3K0-00980-00285451-00285729 South Africa during photojournalism in
PPC69ANb3K0-00981-00285730-00286056 1994 when Mandela was elected then I was
PPC69ANb3K0-00982-00286057-00286410 in you know the National Mall during the
PPC69ANb3K0-00983-00286411-00286610 Million Man March as a photojournalist
PPC69ANb3K0-00984-00286611-00287076 and kind of pursuing these stories so so
PPC69ANb3K0-00985-00287077-00287301 you know I was always an activist and
PPC69ANb3K0-00986-00287302-00287640 applying these values to to the business
PPC69ANb3K0-00987-00287641-00287946 to my artwork so that's kind of where it
PPC69ANb3K0-00988-00287947-00288216 began so of course you know that's the
PPC69ANb3K0-00989-00288217-00288504 first thing I would do and it really it
PPC69ANb3K0-00990-00288505-00288858 was just natural out outcrop of of what
PPC69ANb3K0-00991-00288859-00289032 I do right so it was not easy they were
PPC69ANb3K0-00992-00289033-00289371 not not but not a hard choice very easy
PPC69ANb3K0-00993-00289372-00289623 and I just I just want to add one other
PPC69ANb3K0-00994-00289624-00289764 thing too and I want to ask this
PPC69ANb3K0-00995-00289765-00290285 question and so currently right now in
PPC69ANb3K0-00996-00290286-00290562 the city of Detroit there has been a
PPC69ANb3K0-00997-00290563-00290724 couple of reports that have been
PPC69ANb3K0-00998-00290725-00291090 released one the policy link that's also
PPC69ANb3K0-00999-00291091-00291264 out of the Bay Area did an equity
PPC69ANb3K0-01000-00291265-00291471 profile of the city of Detroit Detroit
PPC69ANb3K0-01001-00291472-00291816 future city they did a kind of 130
PPC69ANb3K0-01002-00291817-00292098 square miles analysis and then there was
PPC69ANb3K0-01003-00292099-00292281 the Urban Institute - did a report about
PPC69ANb3K0-01004-00292282-00292422 Detroit and one of the things that
PPC69ANb3K0-01005-00292423-00292599 really jumped out at me I mean all these
PPC69ANb3K0-01006-00292600-00292719 different reports there was one thing
PPC69ANb3K0-01007-00292720-00292905 that was constant and that was the
PPC69ANb3K0-01008-00292906-00293169 poverty rate in the city of Detroit when
PPC69ANb3K0-01009-00293170-00293373 we talk about adults in Detroit about
PPC69ANb3K0-01010-00293374-00293637 40% live at or below poverty and we
PPC69ANb3K0-01011-00293638-00293850 talked about working poverty is about 63
PPC69ANb3K0-01012-00293851-00294237 percent 57 percent of Detroit youth are
PPC69ANb3K0-01013-00294238-00294402 at or below poverty and 20 percent of
PPC69ANb3K0-01014-00294403-00294618 our seniors and I mentioned that because
PPC69ANb3K0-01015-00294619-00294777 there's this misnomer sometime
PPC69ANb3K0-01016-00294778-00294909 particularly in the food justice
PPC69ANb3K0-01017-00294910-00295203 movement that there is a scarcity issue
PPC69ANb3K0-01018-00295204-00295428 around food or there is a lack of
PPC69ANb3K0-01019-00295429-00295707 healthy food access right there's an
PPC69ANb3K0-01020-00295708-00295878 access issue none of that is true
PPC69ANb3K0-01021-00295879-00296202 there's a poverty issue yes and so one
PPC69ANb3K0-01022-00296203-00296475 of the things that I think that way that
PPC69ANb3K0-01023-00296476-00296691 you're tackling poverty in a way that I
PPC69ANb3K0-01024-00296692-00296850 am trying to
PPC69ANb3K0-01025-00296851-00297096 Dayna billion at scale grow food
PPC69ANb3K0-01026-00297097-00297252 entrepreneurs and Detroit think about
PPC69ANb3K0-01027-00297253-00297594 poverty is to give folks a good job a
PPC69ANb3K0-01028-00297595-00297912 good job in their community in in their
PPC69ANb3K0-01029-00297913-00298194 neighborhood and I and I say that cable
PPC69ANb3K0-01030-00298195-00298413 because I am always amazed sometimes
PPC69ANb3K0-01031-00298414-00298824 when I talk to folks particularly non
PPC69ANb3K0-01032-00298825-00299154 folks of color who say they can't find
PPC69ANb3K0-01033-00299155-00299361 good help in in the community in the
PPC69ANb3K0-01034-00299362-00299562 neighborhood I'm looking at some of the
PPC69ANb3K0-01035-00299563-00299790 folks if you've hired and found these
PPC69ANb3K0-01036-00299791-00299967 people of young people people of color
PPC69ANb3K0-01037-00299968-00300096 they're amazing
PPC69ANb3K0-01038-00300097-00300321 the entrepreneurs that I work with in
PPC69ANb3K0-01039-00300322-00300456 the neighborhood they found the young
PPC69ANb3K0-01040-00300457-00300666 people that are amazing is their secret
PPC69ANb3K0-01041-00300667-00300974 to this thing and I know it's not right
PPC69ANb3K0-01042-00300975-00301308 how is it that you're not finding young
PPC69ANb3K0-01043-00301309-00301578 folks of color who are young people but
PPC69ANb3K0-01044-00301579-00301728 I know plenty of other people who are
PPC69ANb3K0-01045-00301729-00301983 able to find them and train them yes and
PPC69ANb3K0-01046-00301984-00302225 and and not only train them but flourish
PPC69ANb3K0-01047-00302226-00302595 and so I'm just wondering so I think you
PPC69ANb3K0-01048-00302596-00302745 know there's there's a couple things one
PPC69ANb3K0-01049-00302746-00303015 you have to be willing to train right so
PPC69ANb3K0-01050-00303016-00303285 especially if you are going into an
PPC69ANb3K0-01051-00303286-00303429 industry that is already
PPC69ANb3K0-01052-00303430-00303735 underrepresented so inherently there
PPC69ANb3K0-01053-00303736-00303891 aren't going to be many experienced
PPC69ANb3K0-01054-00303892-00304128 professionals just because that's so
PPC69ANb3K0-01055-00304129-00304485 it'd be so easy to you know to just hire
PPC69ANb3K0-01056-00304486-00304710 a lot of folks who look like the last
PPC69ANb3K0-01057-00304711-00304905 all the other folks in that industry so
PPC69ANb3K0-01058-00304906-00305166 if you're trying to sort of rewrite that
PPC69ANb3K0-01059-00305167-00305706 story we have to be willing to Train we
PPC69ANb3K0-01060-00305707-00306015 have to have that beat the intention in
PPC69ANb3K0-01061-00306016-00306372 the first place and just look harder and
PPC69ANb3K0-01062-00306373-00306597 you know and it's gonna take some luck
PPC69ANb3K0-01063-00306598-00307032 also but once once you put that work in
PPC69ANb3K0-01064-00307033-00307326 and you build some track record then
PPC69ANb3K0-01065-00307327-00307554 pretty soon people will know you're
PPC69ANb3K0-01066-00307555-00307740 organization that that's what you're
PPC69ANb3K0-01067-00307741-00308142 about and then the talent will come to
PPC69ANb3K0-01068-00308143-00308505 you and now you know so now we're just
PPC69ANb3K0-01069-00308506-00308796 inundated you know in and you know we
PPC69ANb3K0-01070-00308797-00309093 still face the challenges of business
PPC69ANb3K0-01071-00309094-00309243 right there's of everyday business of
PPC69ANb3K0-01072-00309244-00309516 just of growing of turning a profit and
PPC69ANb3K0-01073-00309517-00309723 the you know the more we grow the more
PPC69ANb3K0-01074-00309724-00309971 we can hire the more jobs we can create
PPC69ANb3K0-01075-00309972-00310222 but yeah it just comes start start
PPC69ANb3K0-01076-00310223-00310477 with intention and my last question for
PPC69ANb3K0-01077-00310478-00310654 you came and we could be in conversation
PPC69ANb3K0-01078-00310655-00310753 when I want to open it up to the
PPC69ANb3K0-01079-00310754-00310942 audience is that I'm wondering if you
PPC69ANb3K0-01080-00310943-00311332 received this because this is sometimes
PPC69ANb3K0-01081-00311333-00311584 not so much now that foodlab has been
PPC69ANb3K0-01082-00311585-00311794 doing this work for about four years but
PPC69ANb3K0-01083-00311795-00311985 I'm wondering if you received this you
PPC69ANb3K0-01084-00311986-00312139 know we get pushed back in the city of
PPC69ANb3K0-01085-00312140-00312334 Detroit when food entrepreneurs want to
PPC69ANb3K0-01086-00312335-00312625 go into under-resourced and marginalized
PPC69ANb3K0-01087-00312626-00312810 areas and say I want to open up a vegan
PPC69ANb3K0-01088-00312811-00313144 sit-down casual restaurant or I want to
PPC69ANb3K0-01089-00313145-00313827 do a coffee shop that is serving roasted
PPC69ANb3K0-01090-00313828-00314098 cappuccinos or espresso or I want to do
PPC69ANb3K0-01091-00314099-00314641 a fresh healthy food kind of small micro
PPC69ANb3K0-01092-00314642-00314827 I'm going to call them bodegas in
PPC69ANb3K0-01093-00314828-00315094 Detroit I mean in New York well the in
PPC69ANb3K0-01094-00315095-00315271 Silicon Valley try to call them bodegas
PPC69ANb3K0-01095-00315272-00315433 and they're really a cabinet but anyway
PPC69ANb3K0-01096-00315434-00315718 um but but but these hyper local stores
PPC69ANb3K0-01097-00315719-00315984 and the thing is is that I've got to
PPC69ANb3K0-01098-00315985-00316177 tell you banks some people in
PPC69ANb3K0-01099-00316178-00316327 traditional economic development and
PPC69ANb3K0-01100-00316328-00316468 Community Development will tell me
PPC69ANb3K0-01101-00316469-00316699 Davida what why don't why don't want to
PPC69ANb3K0-01102-00316700-00316975 open up a restaurant in in Fruitvale or
PPC69ANb3K0-01103-00316976-00317146 why do you want to do that on an East
PPC69ANb3K0-01104-00317147-00317533 Side or why as it as if poor folks don't
PPC69ANb3K0-01105-00317534-00317695 want to eat well or you don't want to
PPC69ANb3K0-01106-00317696-00317863 sit down in an engineering company I'm
PPC69ANb3K0-01107-00317864-00317989 just wondering do people look at you
PPC69ANb3K0-01108-00317990-00318115 like you were crazy or give you push
PPC69ANb3K0-01109-00318116-00318295 back like no no no no I'm gonna do a
PPC69ANb3K0-01110-00318296-00318508 coffee roasting a coffee bar in my
PPC69ANb3K0-01111-00318509-00318934 community in Fruitvale like I mean it's
PPC69ANb3K0-01112-00318935-00319171 hard to raise money no matter what no
PPC69ANb3K0-01113-00319172-00319318 matter where you gonna put it you know
PPC69ANb3K0-01114-00319319-00319606 so that's a whole conversation in itself
PPC69ANb3K0-01115-00319607-00319785 and I imagine what's happened to that
PPC69ANb3K0-01116-00319786-00320029 but you know raising money is very
PPC69ANb3K0-01117-00320030-00320326 challenging especially you know they
PPC69ANb3K0-01118-00320327-00320539 want to see you know I think the funders
PPC69ANb3K0-01119-00320540-00320904 they want to see mostly that you have
PPC69ANb3K0-01120-00320905-00321175 equity and collateral that's the first
PPC69ANb3K0-01121-00321176-00321285 thing that they want to see no matter
PPC69ANb3K0-01122-00321286-00321430 where you put it
PPC69ANb3K0-01123-00321431-00321667 but you know then they want to they want
PPC69ANb3K0-01124-00321668-00321889 to see a record they want to back
PPC69ANb3K0-01125-00321890-00322108 another hit record right if that movie
PPC69ANb3K0-01126-00322109-00322312 was a hit they want to make part 2 right
PPC69ANb3K0-01127-00322313-00322465 if that song was a hit they want to make
PPC69ANb3K0-01128-00322466-00322840 you know the remix of that so you know
PPC69ANb3K0-01129-00322841-00322975 whenever you're trying to do something
PPC69ANb3K0-01130-00322976-00323224 new is to break some new ground you're
PPC69ANb3K0-01131-00323225-00323558 always gonna get pushback from the
PPC69ANb3K0-01132-00323559-00323777 from the money people and sometimes even
PPC69ANb3K0-01133-00323778-00323933 the community within the community as
PPC69ANb3K0-01134-00323934-00324639 well okay sounds good so I have the mic
PPC69ANb3K0-01135-00324640-00325493 if anybody has a question
PPC69ANb3K0-01136-00325494-00325847 I'll start so that's a that is a great
PPC69ANb3K0-01137-00325848-00326193 question and so and I think that for us
PPC69ANb3K0-01138-00326194-00326496 in Detroit in order to really grow this
PPC69ANb3K0-01139-00326497-00326715 ecosystem at scale that we have we could
PPC69ANb3K0-01140-00326716-00327012 not have done it by ourselves so yes we
PPC69ANb3K0-01141-00327013-00327339 have had collaboration from government
PPC69ANb3K0-01142-00327340-00327650 and also foreign philanthropy so I'll
PPC69ANb3K0-01143-00327651-00327881 give you an example of how government
PPC69ANb3K0-01144-00327882-00328097 dollars has helped us to kind of grow
PPC69ANb3K0-01145-00328098-00328365 this ecosystem and so there was one
PPC69ANb3K0-01146-00328366-00328545 point in time in this country where we
PPC69ANb3K0-01147-00328546-00328737 had a competent person who was at HUD
PPC69ANb3K0-01148-00328738-00329166 and so listen the person who's at hood
PPC69ANb3K0-01149-00329167-00329360 now is from Detroit but we not even want
PPC69ANb3K0-01150-00329361-00329600 to acknowledge that and so but but it's
PPC69ANb3K0-01151-00329601-00329820 important to have competent people in
PPC69ANb3K0-01152-00329821-00330069 government and the reason being is
PPC69ANb3K0-01153-00330070-00330434 because HUD oversaw something that is
PPC69ANb3K0-01154-00330435-00330645 called CBG funds
PPC69ANb3K0-01155-00330646-00330915 CBG is community block grant funding and
PPC69ANb3K0-01156-00330916-00331145 the community block grant funding that
PPC69ANb3K0-01157-00331146-00331409 the Obama administration earmarked for
PPC69ANb3K0-01158-00331410-00331652 communities in the city of Detroit that
PPC69ANb3K0-01159-00331653-00331955 funding had been able to trickle down to
PPC69ANb3K0-01160-00331956-00332270 a entity in the city of Detroit that is
PPC69ANb3K0-01161-00332271-00332426 called the Detroit economic growth
PPC69ANb3K0-01162-00332427-00332691 corporation they took that funding and
PPC69ANb3K0-01163-00332692-00332994 with that funding from CBG grants our
PPC69ANb3K0-01164-00332995-00333245 CBD funding they turned it into grants
PPC69ANb3K0-01165-00333246-00333468 and what those grants did was they were
PPC69ANb3K0-01166-00333469-00333772 able then to take kind of like old
PPC69ANb3K0-01167-00333773-00334256 unused real estate the commercial real
PPC69ANb3K0-01168-00334257-00334427 estate and do what's called white box
PPC69ANb3K0-01169-00334428-00334668 those real at dough spaces and when they
PPC69ANb3K0-01170-00334669-00334895 white box no-stick those spaces they
PPC69ANb3K0-01171-00334896-00335060 allowed entrepreneurs to do what's
PPC69ANb3K0-01172-00335061-00335295 called pop up in those spaces to test
PPC69ANb3K0-01173-00335296-00335558 their product to see if the constancy of
PPC69ANb3K0-01174-00335559-00335732 the community would like it to get
PPC69ANb3K0-01175-00335733-00335967 market validation to kind of understand
PPC69ANb3K0-01176-00335968-00336162 their business model and they were able
PPC69ANb3K0-01177-00336163-00336335 to stay in many cases in those spaces
PPC69ANb3K0-01178-00336336-00336530 for six months and maybe nine months and
PPC69ANb3K0-01179-00336531-00336698 if it really took off then they were
PPC69ANb3K0-01180-00336699-00336857 able to negotiate a lease with the
PPC69ANb3K0-01181-00336858-00336922 landlord
PPC69ANb3K0-01182-00336923-00337123 that's how Kirsten and Erica were able
PPC69ANb3K0-01183-00337124-00337366 to start Detroit vegan soul they were in
PPC69ANb3K0-01184-00337367-00337570 a pop up through what was called the
PPC69ANb3K0-01185-00337571-00337744 revolver program and the revolver
PPC69ANb3K0-01186-00337745-00338008 program was funded through CBG grant
PPC69ANb3K0-01187-00338009-00338134 dollars from the federal government
PPC69ANb3K0-01188-00338135-00338389 there is another program to that we were
PPC69ANb3K0-01189-00338390-00338602 able to tap into a federal program and
PPC69ANb3K0-01190-00338603-00338872 that program is called hffi which is
PPC69ANb3K0-01191-00338873-00339082 healthy food financing initiatives and
PPC69ANb3K0-01192-00339083-00339319 what hffi was able to do is they were
PPC69ANb3K0-01193-00339320-00339613 able to set aside dollars particularly
PPC69ANb3K0-01194-00339614-00339802 for food entrepreneurs that were
PPC69ANb3K0-01195-00339803-00339997 actually building and creating and
PPC69ANb3K0-01196-00339998-00340255 starting healthy food businesses in
PPC69ANb3K0-01197-00340256-00340402 their communities in neighborhood and
PPC69ANb3K0-01198-00340403-00340621 they were able to access funding and so
PPC69ANb3K0-01199-00340622-00340863 then organization in this in in Detroit
PPC69ANb3K0-01200-00340864-00341140 metropolitan area who was able to hold
PPC69ANb3K0-01201-00341141-00341385 some of that hffi funding for us was a
PPC69ANb3K0-01202-00341386-00341602 organization called Fair Food Network
PPC69ANb3K0-01203-00341603-00341767 and they created something that was
PPC69ANb3K0-01204-00341768-00341929 called the Michigan good food fund and
PPC69ANb3K0-01205-00341930-00342118 the Michigan good food fund then and
PPC69ANb3K0-01206-00342119-00342304 kind of distributed that money out
PPC69ANb3K0-01207-00342305-00342502 through low-interest loans to
PPC69ANb3K0-01208-00342503-00342760 entrepreneurs who were creating good
PPC69ANb3K0-01209-00342761-00342973 food businesses so yes not only did we
PPC69ANb3K0-01210-00342974-00343165 have federal dollars but we also you
PPC69ANb3K0-01211-00343166-00343372 know had partnership with the city we
PPC69ANb3K0-01212-00343373-00343621 have partnerships with foundations wkk F
PPC69ANb3K0-01213-00343622-00343882 which is the Kellogg Foundation the
PPC69ANb3K0-01214-00343883-00344289 serta foundation Kresge Foundation and
PPC69ANb3K0-01215-00344290-00344659 we could not do this alone so like I
PPC69ANb3K0-01216-00344660-00344905 said I'm a part of an ecosystem of
PPC69ANb3K0-01217-00344906-00345109 partners that I work with but that was a
PPC69ANb3K0-01218-00345110-00345316 great question have you been able to
PPC69ANb3K0-01219-00345317-00345952 access any federal dollars or so I'm
PPC69ANb3K0-01220-00345953-00346147 alone so you notice they're nonprofit it
PPC69ANb3K0-01221-00346148-00346318 was a little bit different but did I ask
PPC69ANb3K0-01222-00346319-00347572 your questions are there jeopardy it's a
PPC69ANb3K0-01223-00347573-00347701 question in the back
PPC69ANb3K0-01224-00347702-00348025 I actually have two questions these are
PPC69ANb3K0-01225-00348026-00348223 things that are very close to my heart I
PPC69ANb3K0-01226-00348224-00348478 run to sustainable restaurants in New
PPC69ANb3K0-01227-00348479-00348787 York City one thing that I find is that
PPC69ANb3K0-01228-00348788-00349003 it's hard to sort of one of our mission
PPC69ANb3K0-01229-00349004-00349135 statement apart from running a
PPC69ANb3K0-01230-00349136-00349309 sustainable restaurant is to be able to
PPC69ANb3K0-01231-00349310-00349603 offer that type of food to as many
PPC69ANb3K0-01232-00349604-00349843 people as possible rather than to the 1%
PPC69ANb3K0-01233-00349844-00349945 or
PPC69ANb3K0-01234-00349946-00350233 and so it's I find it hard to combine
PPC69ANb3K0-01235-00350234-00350515 both sourcing really really well locally
PPC69ANb3K0-01236-00350516-00350692 and supporting other businesses that are
PPC69ANb3K0-01237-00350693-00350953 doing everything right while and paying
PPC69ANb3K0-01238-00350954-00351241 fair wages and keeping prices so that
PPC69ANb3K0-01239-00351242-00351433 you know we're in a gentrifying
PPC69ANb3K0-01240-00351434-00351571 neighborhood were in the southside of
PPC69ANb3K0-01241-00351572-00351787 Williamsburg and I we've been there for
PPC69ANb3K0-01242-00351788-00351967 a while and I want to feed everyone
PPC69ANb3K0-01243-00351968-00352135 that's been there for 30 years and also
PPC69ANb3K0-01244-00352136-00352336 all of the new construction and so
PPC69ANb3K0-01245-00352337-00352531 that's something I'm always kind of you
PPC69ANb3K0-01246-00352532-00352861 know it's hard to have healthy you know
PPC69ANb3K0-01247-00352862-00353146 well sourced food pay everyone well I
PPC69ANb3K0-01248-00353147-00353323 you know use the right kind of energy
PPC69ANb3K0-01249-00353324-00353527 and also keep it low enough so that
PPC69ANb3K0-01250-00353528-00353788 everyone can participate and the other
PPC69ANb3K0-01251-00353789-00354144 thing is a little bit is on another
PPC69ANb3K0-01252-00354145-00354505 subject but I find it when people hear
PPC69ANb3K0-01253-00354506-00354670 about our sustainable practices and
PPC69ANb3K0-01254-00354671-00354901 everything we stand for they're really
PPC69ANb3K0-01255-00354902-00355132 excited but it's a little bit preaching
PPC69ANb3K0-01256-00355133-00355522 to the choir and also I don't find that
PPC69ANb3K0-01257-00355523-00355687 that actually brings people into the
PPC69ANb3K0-01258-00355688-00355801 restaurant the people that are already
PPC69ANb3K0-01259-00355802-00355969 there that already follow us and love
PPC69ANb3K0-01260-00355970-00356236 what we do are excited to know about it
PPC69ANb3K0-01261-00356237-00356557 but in far as as using that as a tool to
PPC69ANb3K0-01262-00356558-00356839 like bring new people in you know I sort
PPC69ANb3K0-01263-00356840-00357073 of say the rainbow bagel or the you know
PPC69ANb3K0-01264-00357074-00357301 the the busting egg yolk is is somehow
PPC69ANb3K0-01265-00357302-00357664 so much more appealing and so I don't
PPC69ANb3K0-01266-00357665-00357799 know if you had any experience with that
PPC69ANb3K0-01267-00357800-00357916 I'm curious to know if that's something
PPC69ANb3K0-01268-00357917-00358210 you use in your marketing or is that
PPC69ANb3K0-01269-00358211-00358780 just in the back end well I'll take a
PPC69ANb3K0-01270-00358781-00359134 stab at some of those topics in terms of
PPC69ANb3K0-01271-00359135-00359473 you know really positioning and what we
PPC69ANb3K0-01272-00359474-00359713 how we communicate our business like I
PPC69ANb3K0-01273-00359714-00360043 mentioned coffee in specialty coffee in
PPC69ANb3K0-01274-00360044-00360234 Northern California in the Bay Area is
PPC69ANb3K0-01275-00360235-00360607 really competitive so you know we do
PPC69ANb3K0-01276-00360608-00361015 have a lot of our mission statement that
PPC69ANb3K0-01277-00361016-00361201 we could speak on and we usually get
PPC69ANb3K0-01278-00361202-00361540 there but you know my own bias as a
PPC69ANb3K0-01279-00361541-00361792 consumer is when you know and I'm not
PPC69ANb3K0-01280-00361793-00362023 sure if this is 100% the right path but
PPC69ANb3K0-01281-00362024-00362275 when I when I see a product that is sort
PPC69ANb3K0-01282-00362276-00362737 of overly leaning on their mission in my
PPC69ANb3K0-01283-00362738-00363053 back of my head I doubt that
PPC69ANb3K0-01284-00363054-00363296 that the it's a product that's a really
PPC69ANb3K0-01285-00363297-00363815 built around excellence first so so into
PPC69ANb3K0-01286-00363816-00363941 being in such a competitive environment
PPC69ANb3K0-01287-00363942-00364265 you know really I when when we're trying
PPC69ANb3K0-01288-00364266-00364517 to grow and sell you know our our
PPC69ANb3K0-01289-00364518-00364840 business we we talk about quality first
PPC69ANb3K0-01290-00364841-00365138 we talk about the extent that we go
PPC69ANb3K0-01291-00365139-00365429 through to quality control and to
PPC69ANb3K0-01292-00365430-00365633 research and development and you know
PPC69ANb3K0-01293-00365634-00365894 and we get into sort of the coffee porn
PPC69ANb3K0-01294-00365895-00366224 if you will of it and then we talk about
PPC69ANb3K0-01295-00366225-00366644 you know sort of as an add-on to discuss
PPC69ANb3K0-01296-00366645-00366827 you know sort of the mission and the in
PPC69ANb3K0-01297-00366828-00367019 the in the people power and the people
PPC69ANb3K0-01298-00367020-00367262 work that we do around the environment
PPC69ANb3K0-01299-00367263-00367679 and everything else in terms of your
PPC69ANb3K0-01300-00367680-00368030 first question you know that's that that
PPC69ANb3K0-01301-00368031-00368441 is a dilemma you know in terms of making
PPC69ANb3K0-01302-00368442-00368792 quality products affordable and that's
PPC69ANb3K0-01303-00368793-00369161 just a hard that's just hard to do so
PPC69ANb3K0-01304-00369162-00369383 you know we've gotten you know maybe
PPC69ANb3K0-01305-00369384-00369545 you're familiar with the suspended
PPC69ANb3K0-01306-00369546-00369974 coffee phenomenon I think started in
PPC69ANb3K0-01307-00369975-00370313 Italy you know and we we practice that
PPC69ANb3K0-01308-00370314-00370631 where someone can come in and buy a cup
PPC69ANb3K0-01309-00370632-00370910 of coffee for themselves and they can
PPC69ANb3K0-01310-00370911-00371285 buy a cup of coffee for the next person
PPC69ANb3K0-01311-00371286-00371591 behind them or you know we have a little
PPC69ANb3K0-01312-00371592-00371804 board and you can sort of just say you
PPC69ANb3K0-01313-00371805-00371972 know there's a coffee for you know a
PPC69ANb3K0-01314-00371973-00372209 student and then if someone's a student
PPC69ANb3K0-01315-00372210-00372371 then they could sort of grab that if
PPC69ANb3K0-01316-00372372-00372578 it's a person that's wearing glasses if
PPC69ANb3K0-01317-00372579-00372725 it's a first I mean really you can make
PPC69ANb3K0-01318-00372726-00372989 it is interesting or general as you like
PPC69ANb3K0-01319-00372990-00373208 but so that's you know just small things
PPC69ANb3K0-01320-00373209-00373634 like that so suspended coffee so that's
PPC69ANb3K0-01321-00373635-00374027 one thing to do and you know and we just
PPC69ANb3K0-01322-00374028-00374261 donate also we donate a lot of coffee to
PPC69ANb3K0-01323-00374262-00374618 to two charities nonprofits for their
PPC69ANb3K0-01324-00374619-00375077 auctions for you know and you know we we
PPC69ANb3K0-01325-00375078-00375284 share coffee with with people who just
PPC69ANb3K0-01326-00375285-00375446 come and ask for a coffee too you know
PPC69ANb3K0-01327-00375447-00375785 so you know then they might say how can
PPC69ANb3K0-01328-00375786-00375908 I get some cream on top
PPC69ANb3K0-01329-00375909-00376136 I mean why all right come on man get
PPC69ANb3K0-01330-00376137-00376364 your coffee
PPC69ANb3K0-01331-00376365-00376664 so but no there they're challenging
PPC69ANb3K0-01332-00376665-00376908 issues and you know and that's kind of
PPC69ANb3K0-01333-00376909-00377190 how we've adjusted so I want to stab it
PPC69ANb3K0-01334-00377191-00377433 at your first question and I'm gonna
PPC69ANb3K0-01335-00377434-00377877 share with you a story you know I've
PPC69ANb3K0-01336-00377878-00378210 been doing this work now for for couple
PPC69ANb3K0-01337-00378211-00378603 years and so I am now old enough to
PPC69ANb3K0-01338-00378604-00378978 remember when food labs founding members
PPC69ANb3K0-01339-00378979-00379230 who has been with us since spike 2012
PPC69ANb3K0-01340-00379231-00379560 and 2013 I can remember the excitement
PPC69ANb3K0-01341-00379561-00379899 the enthusiasm that they had I'm around
PPC69ANb3K0-01342-00379900-00380052 why they wanted to start this food
PPC69ANb3K0-01343-00380053-00380250 business because they loved cooking or
PPC69ANb3K0-01344-00380251-00380460 because like I said before Kirsten and
PPC69ANb3K0-01345-00380461-00380724 Erica knew that through veganism they
PPC69ANb3K0-01346-00380725-00380883 can help address some of the diet
PPC69ANb3K0-01347-00380884-00381087 related diseases and health problems and
PPC69ANb3K0-01348-00381088-00381267 crises that they were having in their
PPC69ANb3K0-01349-00381268-00381417 own family but wanted to share that
PPC69ANb3K0-01350-00381418-00381783 veganism love and also teach veganism to
PPC69ANb3K0-01351-00381784-00382017 the community and so I remember that the
PPC69ANb3K0-01352-00382018-00382152 energy and the excitement that they had
PPC69ANb3K0-01353-00382153-00382440 around cooking fast forward three to
PPC69ANb3K0-01354-00382441-00382590 four years later those same
PPC69ANb3K0-01355-00382591-00382797 entrepreneurs they come to me and they
PPC69ANb3K0-01356-00382798-00383151 say to me divita the very least thing
PPC69ANb3K0-01357-00383152-00383381 that I do now in my business is cook
PPC69ANb3K0-01358-00383382-00383742 it's the very least to do so I answer
PPC69ANb3K0-01359-00383743-00383880 your question like this when you talk
PPC69ANb3K0-01360-00383881-00384033 about this challenge that you have
PPC69ANb3K0-01361-00384034-00384258 around not only offering a quality
PPC69ANb3K0-01362-00384259-00384555 product but being able to like feed the
PPC69ANb3K0-01363-00384556-00384690 masses number one you can't be all
PPC69ANb3K0-01364-00384691-00384834 things to all people that's number one
PPC69ANb3K0-01365-00384835-00385017 you got to realize that but the second
PPC69ANb3K0-01366-00385018-00385176 thing you have to do is that you have to
PPC69ANb3K0-01367-00385177-00385389 get control over your cost right and
PPC69ANb3K0-01368-00385390-00385731 figure out what I tell entrepreneurs now
PPC69ANb3K0-01369-00385732-00385950 all the time and I learned this for the
PPC69ANb3K0-01370-00385951-00386109 entrepreneurs that I've seen growing
PPC69ANb3K0-01371-00386110-00386451 scale is that it's not good enough to
PPC69ANb3K0-01372-00386452-00386715 start a food business you have to create
PPC69ANb3K0-01373-00386716-00386946 a model for your business you have to
PPC69ANb3K0-01374-00386947-00387147 create a business model so I take
PPC69ANb3K0-01375-00387148-00387345 Detroit vegan soul for example and they
PPC69ANb3K0-01376-00387346-00387540 to come to me they says divita you know
PPC69ANb3K0-01377-00387541-00387854 our mission was to create a restaurant
PPC69ANb3K0-01378-00387855-00388287 that served the best vegan food that has
PPC69ANb3K0-01379-00388288-00388551 that flavor that loved that feeling of
PPC69ANb3K0-01380-00388552-00388815 soul food in it but how can we do it in
PPC69ANb3K0-01381-00388816-00388935 a way where we're not preaching to the
PPC69ANb3K0-01382-00388936-00389124 choir when we're not just feeding the
PPC69ANb3K0-01383-00389125-00389349 same people we want to we want to also
PPC69ANb3K0-01384-00389350-00389659 preach veganism or teach veganism to
PPC69ANb3K0-01385-00389660-00389875 people who may not otherwise like even
PPC69ANb3K0-01386-00389876-00390160 think about eating like seitan or tofu
PPC69ANb3K0-01387-00390161-00390319 right and we'll look at us crazy if we
PPC69ANb3K0-01388-00390320-00390523 like really this tastes like catfish but
PPC69ANb3K0-01389-00390524-00390697 it's really tofu let me tell you what
PPC69ANb3K0-01390-00390698-00390886 they had to do no they had to revamp
PPC69ANb3K0-01391-00390887-00391105 their entire business and create a model
PPC69ANb3K0-01392-00391106-00391426 that's important and I'm sorry though I
PPC69ANb3K0-01393-00391427-00391681 think there's a lot of lessons that
PPC69ANb3K0-01394-00391682-00391972 small businesses can learn from large
PPC69ANb3K0-01395-00391973-00392155 businesses seriously and that's about
PPC69ANb3K0-01396-00392156-00392416 model creation and creating systems and
PPC69ANb3K0-01397-00392417-00392641 so one of the things that they looked at
PPC69ANb3K0-01398-00392642-00392803 is they looked at Trader Joe's they're
PPC69ANb3K0-01399-00392804-00393019 like what's that trader Joel model right
PPC69ANb3K0-01400-00393020-00393304 small square flea you'll never find a
PPC69ANb3K0-01401-00393305-00393526 huge Trader Joe's they are very very
PPC69ANb3K0-01402-00393527-00393787 specific about the number of SKUs that
PPC69ANb3K0-01403-00393788-00393952 they have in trader Joe and a lot of
PPC69ANb3K0-01404-00393953-00394168 their skews our private label so here's
PPC69ANb3K0-01405-00394169-00394393 an Erica thought you know what in order
PPC69ANb3K0-01406-00394394-00394684 for us to cut down on our webcast of
PPC69ANb3K0-01407-00394685-00394888 goods and to be able to manage the
PPC69ANb3K0-01408-00394889-00395110 operations of our business so perhaps we
PPC69ANb3K0-01409-00395111-00395263 can start bringing the price down of our
PPC69ANb3K0-01410-00395264-00395413 menu items there's a couple things we
PPC69ANb3K0-01411-00395414-00395599 got to do number one is we've got to
PPC69ANb3K0-01412-00395600-00395839 curate a tight menu we're not going to
PPC69ANb3K0-01413-00395840-00396085 try to have everything on the menu
PPC69ANb3K0-01414-00396086-00396253 we might do some soups and salads and
PPC69ANb3K0-01415-00396254-00396447 sandwiches the main entrees that's it
PPC69ANb3K0-01416-00396448-00396685 that's it that's all we could in the
PPC69ANb3K0-01417-00396686-00396886 thing is we're going to curate a menu
PPC69ANb3K0-01418-00396887-00397159 that we can use like one ingredient six
PPC69ANb3K0-01419-00397160-00397348 or seven different ways so now we can
PPC69ANb3K0-01420-00397349-00397585 buy that ingredient in bulk and that
PPC69ANb3K0-01421-00397586-00397804 lowers our cost of good one of the
PPC69ANb3K0-01422-00397805-00397897 things that we're gonna figure out
PPC69ANb3K0-01423-00397898-00398128 number one number two is that how that
PPC69ANb3K0-01424-00398129-00398341 can we use the envelope of our business
PPC69ANb3K0-01425-00398342-00398569 to manage what we call the zones right
PPC69ANb3K0-01426-00398570-00398701 missus stuff they taught me cuz I'm like
PPC69ANb3K0-01427-00398702-00398878 whoa I need to realize this and the
PPC69ANb3K0-01428-00398879-00399117 zones is kinda like how are we managing
PPC69ANb3K0-01429-00399118-00399352 refrigeration right how are we making
PPC69ANb3K0-01430-00399353-00399556 sure that we're managing the lights
PPC69ANb3K0-01431-00399557-00399739 right if somebody is not in this
PPC69ANb3K0-01432-00399740-00399934 particular space but the lights are
PPC69ANb3K0-01433-00399935-00400102 still on is that driving up our
PPC69ANb3K0-01434-00400103-00400323 electricity like so they figured out
PPC69ANb3K0-01435-00400324-00400564 operationally like how to bring down the
PPC69ANb3K0-01436-00400565-00400813 cost of running and operating a business
PPC69ANb3K0-01437-00400814-00401008 so they can bring down the price and
PPC69ANb3K0-01438-00401009-00401203 they can make it more approachable and
PPC69ANb3K0-01439-00401204-00401416 more affordable to other people in the
PPC69ANb3K0-01440-00401417-00401653 community and so I say to you like
PPC69ANb3K0-01441-00401654-00401836 really look at your business model and
PPC69ANb3K0-01442-00401837-00402148 how you can look at perhaps you driving
PPC69ANb3K0-01443-00402149-00402340 down what they call the cost of goods
PPC69ANb3K0-01444-00402341-00402487 and the cost to operate your business
PPC69ANb3K0-01445-00402488-00402691 New York I know that's like I'm gonna
PPC69ANb3K0-01446-00402692-00402841 use an Oakland phrase I know that's like
PPC69ANb3K0-01447-00402842-00403002 hella hard right like I know
PPC69ANb3K0-01448-00403003-00403197 difficult because real estate and I'm
PPC69ANb3K0-01449-00403198-00403365 shy don't have you own your business but
PPC69ANb3K0-01450-00403366-00403554 I'm sure like your your your rent it's
PPC69ANb3K0-01451-00403555-00403647 like ridiculous
PPC69ANb3K0-01452-00403648-00403740 I don't even want to know cuz I'll
PPC69ANb3K0-01453-00403741-00403911 probably bust out crying and if I even
PPC69ANb3K0-01454-00403912-00404115 knew how much you were paying or rent
PPC69ANb3K0-01455-00404116-00404277 but think of looking you got it as a
PPC69ANb3K0-01456-00404278-00404418 small business owner on my series you
PPC69ANb3K0-01457-00404419-00404667 got to look at every single penny and
PPC69ANb3K0-01458-00404668-00404892 where it is going this is a business
PPC69ANb3K0-01459-00404893-00405105 like we're really small margins and then
PPC69ANb3K0-01460-00405106-00405252 the second thing I would say before we
PPC69ANb3K0-01461-00405253-00405534 open up in the question is that one of
PPC69ANb3K0-01462-00405535-00405693 the things that I love about what with
PPC69ANb3K0-01463-00405694-00405912 Kaiba was doing and fool a member is our
PPC69ANb3K0-01464-00405913-00406047 members are doing is they know that it's
PPC69ANb3K0-01465-00406048-00406233 more than just the food it's about
PPC69ANb3K0-01466-00406234-00406452 community so other than just like
PPC69ANb3K0-01467-00406453-00406779 putting these menu items kind of like in
PPC69ANb3K0-01468-00406780-00406926 the restaurant how are you reaching out
PPC69ANb3K0-01469-00406927-00407010 to the community
PPC69ANb3K0-01470-00407011-00407205 Detroit vegan so just like healthy
PPC69ANb3K0-01471-00407206-00407412 festivals and things of that nature like
PPC69ANb3K0-01472-00407413-00407610 there's there ways in which they're like
PPC69ANb3K0-01473-00407611-00407886 engaging communities like we're there we
PPC69ANb3K0-01474-00407887-00408063 want the community to know that you're a
PPC69ANb3K0-01475-00408064-00408273 part of us we're a part of you this is
PPC69ANb3K0-01476-00408274-00408453 home man this is where we live this is
PPC69ANb3K0-01477-00408454-00408711 my neighbor I just hire just son like
PPC69ANb3K0-01478-00408712-00409020 this we all know one another and so it's
PPC69ANb3K0-01479-00409021-00409173 really important like how are you making
PPC69ANb3K0-01480-00409174-00409347 your presence know and your presence
PPC69ANb3K0-01481-00409348-00409584 felt in that community and in inger can
PPC69ANb3K0-01482-00409585-00409739 tell you because you know Ingrid lives
PPC69ANb3K0-01483-00409741-00409962 in Detroit when Detroit vegan so opened
PPC69ANb3K0-01484-00409963-00410100 up their first location even when they
PPC69ANb3K0-01485-00410101-00410271 open up their second location the line
PPC69ANb3K0-01486-00410272-00410480 was down the street around the corner
PPC69ANb3K0-01487-00410481-00410780 because people felt a part of that
PPC69ANb3K0-01488-00410781-00411057 restaurant and they still do how are you
PPC69ANb3K0-01489-00411058-00411177 are they are they following you on
PPC69ANb3K0-01490-00411178-00411422 Instagram do they know your story like
PPC69ANb3K0-01491-00411424-00411627 how else are you reaching out to the
PPC69ANb3K0-01492-00411628-00411728 community because I'm gonna tell you
PPC69ANb3K0-01493-00411729-00411893 some baby you just can't build it and
PPC69ANb3K0-01494-00411895-00412122 think they're gonna come you got to do
PPC69ANb3K0-01495-00412122-00412392 the work to reach out to them and when
PPC69ANb3K0-01496-00412393-00412685 you do that if you in the churches or in
PPC69ANb3K0-01497-00412687-00412889 the mosque or whatever the community is
PPC69ANb3K0-01498-00412891-00413097 at the parks you know in the community
PPC69ANb3K0-01499-00413097-00413382 sensors that's how you reach the
PPC69ANb3K0-01500-00413383-00413555 community you gotta go where they are
PPC69ANb3K0-01501-00413556-00414047 and didn't L support you so that really
PPC69ANb3K0-01502-00414049-00414278 did I'd like to add one more piece of
PPC69ANb3K0-01503-00414279-00414549 that yeah I did deserve a round of
PPC69ANb3K0-01504-00414550-00414807 applause
PPC69ANb3K0-01505-00414808-00415068 [Music]
PPC69ANb3K0-01506-00415068-00415485 in terms of wages in terms of wages we
PPC69ANb3K0-01507-00415486-00415741 you know start our employees at $15 an
PPC69ANb3K0-01508-00415742-00415993 hour and that's before Oakland went up
PPC69ANb3K0-01509-00415993-00416332 to 12 something and you know and we do
PPC69ANb3K0-01510-00416333-00416662 that for a couple reasons one where you
PPC69ANb3K0-01511-00416663-00416899 know we also sort of you know are our
PPC69ANb3K0-01512-00416900-00417151 highest plate managers are paid a little
PPC69ANb3K0-01513-00417152-00417703 less as well but training and Retraining
PPC69ANb3K0-01514-00417704-00417991 is very expensive so in the in the short
PPC69ANb3K0-01515-00417992-00418276 term you're looking at these costs and
PPC69ANb3K0-01516-00418277-00418620 you know and they are high but also you
PPC69ANb3K0-01517-00418621-00418812 have to be efficient and there's a lot
PPC69ANb3K0-01518-00418813-00419137 of efficiencies that you can do but it's
PPC69ANb3K0-01519-00419138-00419295 the retraining and when you're paying
PPC69ANb3K0-01520-00419296-00419701 someone $15 an hour when they know you
PPC69ANb3K0-01521-00419702-00420022 know it might be $9 an hour might be the
PPC69ANb3K0-01522-00420022-00420295 alternative at a place where they
PPC69ANb3K0-01523-00420296-00420639 respect it you know it's a way to retain
PPC69ANb3K0-01524-00420639-00420964 employees and that's gonna just that's
PPC69ANb3K0-01525-00420964-00421132 going to create consistency in your
PPC69ANb3K0-01526-00421133-00421347 business is gonna create sort of an
PPC69ANb3K0-01527-00421348-00421668 institutional wisdom and it's going to
PPC69ANb3K0-01528-00421669-00421837 help you retain those employees and save
PPC69ANb3K0-01529-00421838-00422127 costs that way also so sometimes things
PPC69ANb3K0-01530-00422128-00422452 look expensive and they are but they
PPC69ANb3K0-01531-00422453-00422793 could save you money in the long run
PPC69ANb3K0-01532-00422793-00423079 thank you both for your presentations I
PPC69ANb3K0-01533-00423080-00423304 learned so much it's so inspiring both
PPC69ANb3K0-01534-00423305-00423643 of you so this has been on my mind
PPC69ANb3K0-01535-00423643-00423799 lately because of the hurricane season
PPC69ANb3K0-01536-00423800-00424141 and that's climate change and ensuring
PPC69ANb3K0-01537-00424142-00424482 cities are prepared for this shift
PPC69ANb3K0-01538-00424483-00424797 because Detroit as divita you said is
PPC69ANb3K0-01539-00424798-00425034 surrounded by 20% of the freshest water
PPC69ANb3K0-01540-00425035-00425326 in the world we really have to think
PPC69ANb3K0-01541-00425327-00425910 about population growth and seasons
PPC69ANb3K0-01542-00425911-00426127 changing but when thinking about food
PPC69ANb3K0-01543-00426128-00426406 security I'm wondering how does climate
PPC69ANb3K0-01544-00426407-00426676 change factor and and especially as
PPC69ANb3K0-01545-00426677-00426928 we're imagining futures and designing
PPC69ANb3K0-01546-00426929-00427285 futures as you know we have all this
PPC69ANb3K0-01547-00427285-00427528 vacant land but also what we can grow
PPC69ANb3K0-01548-00427529-00427735 where it grows and how that changes over
PPC69ANb3K0-01549-00427735-00427978 time you know where does that factor in
PPC69ANb3K0-01550-00427979-00428362 in the now
PPC69ANb3K0-01551-00428363-00428846 but I just wanted to put in I just
PPC69ANb3K0-01552-00428847-00428989 wanted to say a couple things to that
PPC69ANb3K0-01553-00428991-00429121 Ingrid
PPC69ANb3K0-01554-00429122-00429728 because it's we were at idea cities over
PPC69ANb3K0-01555-00429729-00430046 the weekend and I think the conversation
PPC69ANb3K0-01556-00430047-00430217 was about setting the table of the
PPC69ANb3K0-01557-00430218-00430634 future and and Jeff the moderator had
PPC69ANb3K0-01558-00430635-00430835 axed the the the question what is the
PPC69ANb3K0-01559-00430835-00431072 most what what they feel what we feel
PPC69ANb3K0-01560-00431072-00431372 urgent issue of food today and I was
PPC69ANb3K0-01561-00431372-00431795 really surprised when when none of the
PPC69ANb3K0-01562-00431796-00431930 panelists who are dear friends of mine
PPC69ANb3K0-01563-00431931-00432217 who I loved didn't really touch on um
PPC69ANb3K0-01564-00432218-00432452 climate change and didn't really touch
PPC69ANb3K0-01565-00432453-00432716 on how that is going to affect the food
PPC69ANb3K0-01566-00432717-00432935 that we eat here's the thing Ingrid
PPC69ANb3K0-01567-00432935-00433178 that's the most important issue for me
PPC69ANb3K0-01568-00433179-00433481 as I look at what food lab is doing uh
PPC69ANb3K0-01569-00433482-00434018 is there is so much brilliance there is
PPC69ANb3K0-01570-00434018-00434314 so much genius the lies in the food lab
PPC69ANb3K0-01571-00434316-00434531 community with with with young people
PPC69ANb3K0-01572-00434532-00434738 I'm shocked and surprised they aren't
PPC69ANb3K0-01573-00434739-00435010 thinking about how climate is going to
PPC69ANb3K0-01574-00435012-00435338 affect not only how we eat but what we
PPC69ANb3K0-01575-00435339-00435610 eat there are entrepreneurs in the food
PPC69ANb3K0-01576-00435612-00435764 lab community and even funders are
PPC69ANb3K0-01577-00435764-00435878 looking at them like they're crazy like
PPC69ANb3K0-01578-00435879-00436010 what are you talking about who
PPC69ANb3K0-01579-00436010-00436229 understand that if we don't do something
PPC69ANb3K0-01580-00436230-00436610 right now about how we are consuming
PPC69ANb3K0-01581-00436610-00436810 protein and that the fact that we can't
PPC69ANb3K0-01582-00436812-00437075 not continue to raise teal and slaughter
PPC69ANb3K0-01583-00437076-00437327 animals the way that we are doing now we
PPC69ANb3K0-01584-00437328-00437627 are going to be in huge problems so
PPC69ANb3K0-01585-00437628-00437924 intro Detroit which is Anthony and Tim
PPC69ANb3K0-01586-00437925-00438268 they are looking at how to not only use
PPC69ANb3K0-01587-00438270-00438521 crickets but even in the city of Detroit
PPC69ANb3K0-01588-00438522-00438739 like how to grow um like they are now
PPC69ANb3K0-01589-00438741-00438863 want to sound like at this cricket
PPC69ANb3K0-01590-00438864-00439028 factory farm what I like you know
PPC69ANb3K0-01591-00439029-00439313 growing in manufacturing like like
PPC69ANb3K0-01592-00439314-00439541 crickets and using crickets as like a
PPC69ANb3K0-01593-00439542-00439693 source of protein and making like
PPC69ANb3K0-01594-00439695-00439916 cricket powder like soon these young
PPC69ANb3K0-01595-00439917-00440089 people are like thinking about this
PPC69ANb3K0-01596-00440091-00440300 stuff here's another thing in Ingrid I
PPC69ANb3K0-01597-00440301-00440534 know you know this too is that not only
PPC69ANb3K0-01598-00440535-00440804 are they thinking about growing food
PPC69ANb3K0-01599-00440805-00441050 like how we're going to consume it but
PPC69ANb3K0-01600-00441051-00441335 they're also thinking about growing like
PPC69ANb3K0-01601-00441335-00441412 can
PPC69ANb3K0-01602-00441413-00441712 and how cannabis is also going to be
PPC69ANb3K0-01603-00441713-00441943 used in like food products so medicinal
PPC69ANb3K0-01604-00441943-00442170 reasons right how can you grow cannabis
PPC69ANb3K0-01605-00442171-00442381 and like put it in your baked goods like
PPC69ANb3K0-01606-00442382-00442527 seriously like they you thinking about
PPC69ANb3K0-01607-00442528-00442683 this and this is what a food
PPC69ANb3K0-01608-00442684-00442875 entrepreneur told no this is a situation
PPC69ANb3K0-01609-00442876-00443137 this is for real this happen just I was
PPC69ANb3K0-01610-00443138-00443266 just up at the University of Michigan
PPC69ANb3K0-01611-00443267-00443418 and I got my smarten one of my
PPC69ANb3K0-01612-00443419-00443550 entrepreneurs got their wrist slapped
PPC69ANb3K0-01613-00443551-00443704 for this and you know it was it was it
PPC69ANb3K0-01614-00443705-00443962 was kind of controversial because this
PPC69ANb3K0-01615-00443963-00444087 entrepreneur is starting something
PPC69ANb3K0-01616-00444088-00444291 that's called grass-fed bakery and we
PPC69ANb3K0-01617-00444292-00444543 thought Oh grass-fed cows and stuff and
PPC69ANb3K0-01618-00444544-00444700 the milk is going to be like you know
PPC69ANb3K0-01619-00444701-00444877 organic milk and it's gonna be bigger
PPC69ANb3K0-01620-00444878-00445200 she was my girl no that's no I'm talking
PPC69ANb3K0-01621-00445201-00445644 about grass like in my baby girl what
PPC69ANb3K0-01622-00445645-00445939 are you doing so anyway yes you talking
PPC69ANb3K0-01623-00445939-00446112 about like growing cannabis and like
PPC69ANb3K0-01624-00446113-00446283 putting cannabis in a baker good but
PPC69ANb3K0-01625-00446284-00446377 here's the problem this is what I
PPC69ANb3K0-01626-00446378-00446575 learned this is why policy is so
PPC69ANb3K0-01627-00446576-00447045 important and so right now cannabis can
PPC69ANb3K0-01628-00447046-00447270 only be sold through dispensaries right
PPC69ANb3K0-01629-00447271-00447570 and and and it can only be sold to
PPC69ANb3K0-01630-00447571-00447727 people on how it is in New York but in
PPC69ANb3K0-01631-00447728-00447891 put in Michigan where people with like
PPC69ANb3K0-01632-00447892-00448098 medicinal cards and they have to go to
PPC69ANb3K0-01633-00448099-00448320 dispensaries in order to get it and I
PPC69ANb3K0-01634-00448321-00448596 heard that what right now was holding up
PPC69ANb3K0-01635-00448597-00448866 legislation in order to open up the
PPC69ANb3K0-01636-00448867-00449077 cannabis market in Michigan wide open is
PPC69ANb3K0-01637-00449078-00449412 Big Pharma in r.j. Nabisco they want to
PPC69ANb3K0-01638-00449413-00449697 write the policy around how to grow it
PPC69ANb3K0-01639-00449698-00449958 who's gonna own the industry who's gonna
PPC69ANb3K0-01640-00449959-00450141 own the fields and I thought to myself
PPC69ANb3K0-01641-00450142-00450325 this is nothing but systemic and
PPC69ANb3K0-01642-00450326-00450552 institutional racism all over again
PPC69ANb3K0-01643-00450553-00450906 shutting out entrepreneurs like who have
PPC69ANb3K0-01644-00450907-00451194 this these brilliant ideas and how to be
PPC69ANb3K0-01645-00451195-00451389 a part of what I would call the new
PPC69ANb3K0-01646-00451390-00451668 future of food it is more than just
PPC69ANb3K0-01647-00451669-00451800 grunting there's nothing wrong with
PPC69ANb3K0-01648-00451801-00452037 growing growing tomatoes and carrots and
PPC69ANb3K0-01649-00452038-00452287 potatoes and you listen I get that but
PPC69ANb3K0-01650-00452288-00452416 they're entrepreneurs who are thinking
PPC69ANb3K0-01651-00452417-00452677 far beyond that you're thinking far
PPC69ANb3K0-01652-00452678-00452868 behind that they're thinking about not
PPC69ANb3K0-01653-00452869-00453072 only soil to grow but they're thinking
PPC69ANb3K0-01654-00453073-00453258 about hydroponics right it's thinking
PPC69ANb3K0-01655-00453259-00453516 about how to grow inside and so you're
PPC69ANb3K0-01656-00453517-00453669 absolutely right but if we aren't
PPC69ANb3K0-01657-00453670-00453816 exposing these young people if there's
PPC69ANb3K0-01658-00453817-00453979 not policy out there to support these
PPC69ANb3K0-01659-00453980-00454183 entrepreneurs particularly entrepreneurs
PPC69ANb3K0-01660-00454184-00454371 of color like we're gonna be shutting
PPC69ANb3K0-01661-00454372-00454548 them out of another billion-dollar
PPC69ANb3K0-01662-00454549-00454737 industry
PPC69ANb3K0-01663-00454738-00454957 right and I need if I'm just speaking
PPC69ANb3K0-01664-00454958-00455118 for myself KP you can go ahead and touch
PPC69ANb3K0-01665-00455119-00455337 on this but that the thing is is that I
PPC69ANb3K0-01666-00455338-00455584 need to support and encourage you notice
PPC69ANb3K0-01667-00455585-00455820 but I need and I'm just gonna speak to
PPC69ANb3K0-01668-00455821-00455926 intervene because I can't speak for
PPC69ANb3K0-01669-00455927-00456191 anybody else like the support of like
PPC69ANb3K0-01670-00456192-00456612 local or local officials and we need we
PPC69ANb3K0-01671-00456613-00456768 statewide officials and federal
PPC69ANb3K0-01672-00456769-00456972 officials so that we can start to shape
PPC69ANb3K0-01673-00456973-00457260 and create policy of what we want to see
PPC69ANb3K0-01674-00457261-00457764 our cities look like in the future like
PPC69ANb3K0-01675-00457765-00458089 not right now cuz we beyond like rooftop
PPC69ANb3K0-01676-00458089-00458308 garden in Detroit like we're beyond not
PPC69ANb3K0-01677-00458309-00458545 like wheatley beyond all of that now
PPC69ANb3K0-01678-00458546-00458803 we're really thinking about new it into
PPC69ANb3K0-01679-00458804-00459103 innovative innovative ways on how to not
PPC69ANb3K0-01680-00459104-00459310 only grow food but we're really starting
PPC69ANb3K0-01681-00459310-00459516 to think about what the food is going to
PPC69ANb3K0-01682-00459517-00459966 be of tomorrow and we don't we we're
PPC69ANb3K0-01683-00459967-00460191 also we're addressing that in Oaksterdam
PPC69ANb3K0-01684-00460192-00460716 I mean Oakland so in in Oakland in terms
PPC69ANb3K0-01685-00460717-00460974 of the policy around medicinal marijuana
PPC69ANb3K0-01686-00460975-00461466 they are they are allocating licenses
PPC69ANb3K0-01687-00461467-00461747 for dispensaries for people of color
PPC69ANb3K0-01688-00461748-00462216 they have set aside a certain number of
PPC69ANb3K0-01689-00462217-00462751 licenses specifically for that and my
PPC69ANb3K0-01690-00462752-00462918 daughter has applied for one that's
PPC69ANb3K0-01691-00462919-00463054 policy that you're talking about that's
PPC69ANb3K0-01692-00463055-00463260 the policy you know I have adult
PPC69ANb3K0-01693-00463261-00463720 children by the way so yes yeah she's 30
PPC69ANb3K0-01694-00463721-00463970 she's 31 years old
PPC69ANb3K0-01695-00463971-00464404 so so that's one piece in terms of in
PPC69ANb3K0-01696-00464405-00464680 terms of you mean our in terms of how
PPC69ANb3K0-01697-00464681-00464995 we're addressing climate change and
PPC69ANb3K0-01698-00464996-00465451 resilient communities when you see you
PPC69ANb3K0-01699-00465452-00465712 know the people who who are you know
PPC69ANb3K0-01700-00465713-00466020 really frontline suffering from some of
PPC69ANb3K0-01701-00466021-00466212 these natural disasters you know for the
PPC69ANb3K0-01702-00466213-00466360 most part it's the poorest people
PPC69ANb3K0-01703-00466360-00466470 suffered the most
PPC69ANb3K0-01704-00466471-00466758 so it's economic it's an economic piece
PPC69ANb3K0-01705-00466759-00467089 so what we're trying to do in in it Red
PPC69ANb3K0-01706-00467089-00467310 Bay is you know in our little piece and
PPC69ANb3K0-01707-00467311-00467554 in terms of creating a model is trying
PPC69ANb3K0-01708-00467555-00467808 to create some more economic justice
PPC69ANb3K0-01709-00467809-00468121 model where where folks are one they
PPC69ANb3K0-01710-00468122-00468417 getting paid more so they could create
PPC69ANb3K0-01711-00468418-00468655 situations and be more resilient for
PPC69ANb3K0-01712-00468656-00468883 their families and just live in a safer
PPC69ANb3K0-01713-00468884-00469183 environment you know and part of the
PPC69ANb3K0-01714-00469184-00469368 part of doing that is not just paying
PPC69ANb3K0-01715-00469370-00469618 them a bit more but also trying to get
PPC69ANb3K0-01716-00469618-00469774 them to think think like entrepreneurs
PPC69ANb3K0-01717-00469775-00470200 and start their own businesses so part
PPC69ANb3K0-01718-00470201-00470413 of even at the shipping container
PPC69ANb3K0-01719-00470414-00470674 business we have since some of the
PPC69ANb3K0-01720-00470675-00470941 revenue is tied into the profits now the
PPC69ANb3K0-01721-00470942-00471109 sudden instead of just clocking in and
PPC69ANb3K0-01722-00471110-00471250 clocking out and they know how much
PPC69ANb3K0-01723-00471251-00471502 they're going to make they're invested
PPC69ANb3K0-01724-00471503-00471964 in how to how to make that business and
PPC69ANb3K0-01725-00471964-00472213 make more money so we have monthly
PPC69ANb3K0-01726-00472214-00472462 meetings around marketing around you
PPC69ANb3K0-01727-00472463-00472717 know how do you upsell how do you you
PPC69ANb3K0-01728-00472718-00472909 know how do you run a business to
PPC69ANb3K0-01729-00472910-00473413 generate greater profits one you know in
PPC69ANb3K0-01730-00473414-00473647 terms of our product we've got one
PPC69ANb3K0-01731-00473647-00473868 product and it's coffee and coffee is
PPC69ANb3K0-01732-00473870-00474100 you know grown around the world in a lot
PPC69ANb3K0-01733-00474101-00474393 of very vulnerable communities and it's
PPC69ANb3K0-01734-00474395-00474724 a coffee is a vulnerable from product
PPC69ANb3K0-01735-00474725-00474979 agricultural product it is you know it's
PPC69ANb3K0-01736-00474980-00475357 a commodity so it it fluctuates and and
PPC69ANb3K0-01737-00475358-00475534 it's a volatile commodity that could
PPC69ANb3K0-01738-00475535-00475722 save so we're doing you know some of the
PPC69ANb3K0-01739-00475724-00475924 same things we're doing here you know
PPC69ANb3K0-01740-00475925-00476245 we're we're finding ways to support our
PPC69ANb3K0-01741-00476246-00476497 farmers in order to make them more
PPC69ANb3K0-01742-00476497-00476914 resilient for instance you know today
PPC69ANb3K0-01743-00476914-00477139 the commodity price for coffee is about
PPC69ANb3K0-01744-00477139-00477475 a dollar forty one with Fairtrade coffee
PPC69ANb3K0-01745-00477476-00477772 you know they'll add 50 cents so now 50
PPC69ANb3K0-01746-00477772-00477979 cents will go back to the farm to their
PPC69ANb3K0-01747-00477980-00478185 co-op or their family farm and they're
PPC69ANb3K0-01748-00478187-00478414 able to spend that 50 cents how they
PPC69ANb3K0-01749-00478414-00478597 want so that's like a dollar ninety one
PPC69ANb3K0-01750-00478597-00479029 a pound so for a dollar ninety one under
PPC69ANb3K0-01751-00479030-00479338 a fair trade system those farmers are
PPC69ANb3K0-01752-00479339-00479860 incentivized to grow more coffee it Red
PPC69ANb3K0-01753-00479860-00480151 Bay coffee what we do is we have direct
PPC69ANb3K0-01754-00480152-00480424 trade relationships with 90 percent of
PPC69ANb3K0-01755-00480425-00480691 our farms and what that means is is
PPC69ANb3K0-01756-00480692-00481029 we're able to one influence the
PPC69ANb3K0-01757-00481030-00481345 processes on on how they grow their
PPC69ANb3K0-01758-00481346-00481462 coffee
PPC69ANb3K0-01759-00481463-00481814 but we're also able to incentivize them
PPC69ANb3K0-01760-00481814-00482135 to grow better quality coffee and we do
PPC69ANb3K0-01761-00482135-00482285 that by paying them more money
PPC69ANb3K0-01762-00482285-00482560 the average price that we pay is three
PPC69ANb3K0-01763-00482561-00482834 dollars and 30 cents per pound so we're
PPC69ANb3K0-01764-00482835-00483005 almost doubling know we're greater than
PPC69ANb3K0-01765-00483006-00483224 doubling in the commodity price but
PPC69ANb3K0-01766-00483225-00483422 we're doing that for them to pick only
PPC69ANb3K0-01767-00483422-00483664 the coffee's of fruit it grows on a
PPC69ANb3K0-01768-00483665-00483980 shrub it the fruit is called a cherry
PPC69ANb3K0-01769-00483981-00484259 the the pit of that cherry is the coffee
PPC69ANb3K0-01770-00484260-00484676 bean now generally when you know most of
PPC69ANb3K0-01771-00484677-00485072 the coffee is ripe is red when most of
PPC69ANb3K0-01772-00485072-00485231 it is red they just harvest the whole
PPC69ANb3K0-01773-00485232-00485408 thing it's cheap and it's efficient oh
PPC69ANb3K0-01774-00485409-00485549 that's the cheapest and most efficient
PPC69ANb3K0-01775-00485550-00485858 way to do it we incentivize them to grow
PPC69ANb3K0-01776-00485859-00486130 pick only harvest the red cherries only
PPC69ANb3K0-01777-00486131-00486418 and you know it takes more work they
PPC69ANb3K0-01778-00486419-00486685 have to go through two or three passes
PPC69ANb3K0-01779-00486685-00486932 but they could take pride in growing
PPC69ANb3K0-01780-00486933-00487145 quality and they're also getting paid to
PPC69ANb3K0-01781-00487146-00487451 do that so so with and they're also able
PPC69ANb3K0-01782-00487452-00487814 to hold on to their land as well right
PPC69ANb3K0-01783-00487814-00488039 so even when the price the general
PPC69ANb3K0-01784-00488039-00488279 commodity price dips below a certain
PPC69ANb3K0-01785-00488280-00488572 liveable wage you know it's it's not
PPC69ANb3K0-01786-00488573-00488672 untypical
PPC69ANb3K0-01787-00488672-00488920 for coffee farmers to abandon their
PPC69ANb3K0-01788-00488921-00489137 farms it's just not even worth it for
PPC69ANb3K0-01789-00489138-00489418 them to harvest the coffee you know so
PPC69ANb3K0-01790-00489419-00489712 so what that's that's why we're sort of
PPC69ANb3K0-01791-00489713-00489884 work doing the work that we're doing is
PPC69ANb3K0-01792-00489885-00490145 one they could hold on to the land and
PPC69ANb3K0-01793-00490146-00490412 when the environmental climate
PPC69ANb3K0-01794-00490413-00490643 challenges happen they're able to be
PPC69ANb3K0-01795-00490643-00490972 more resilient at that time so I think
PPC69ANb3K0-01796-00490973-00491153 we have time for just one more question
PPC69ANb3K0-01797-00491154-00491357 is there anybody who hasn't had a chance
PPC69ANb3K0-01798-00491358-00492242 to share have a question
PPC69ANb3K0-01799-00492243-00492534 I just wanted to echo thank you very
PPC69ANb3K0-01800-00492535-00492710 much so far for the conversation has
PPC69ANb3K0-01801-00492712-00492989 been really incredible and inspiring I'm
PPC69ANb3K0-01802-00492991-00493347 actually wondering from a school
PPC69ANb3K0-01803-00493347-00493595 scholastically from an education
PPC69ANb3K0-01804-00493596-00494034 standpoint especially a youth education
PPC69ANb3K0-01805-00494035-00494253 high school grade school
PPC69ANb3K0-01806-00494254-00494501 I've heard that talked about as much
PPC69ANb3K0-01807-00494502-00494745 what is some of the connections in
PPC69ANb3K0-01808-00494746-00495135 Detroit in in in California to what's
PPC69ANb3K0-01809-00495135-00495297 your mindset related to the kind of
PPC69ANb3K0-01810-00495297-00495555 educational infrastructure getting some
PPC69ANb3K0-01811-00495556-00495930 of these ideas you know beyond just the
PPC69ANb3K0-01812-00495931-00496167 business model or the genius
PPC69ANb3K0-01813-00496168-00496302 entrepreneur that has a really good idea
PPC69ANb3K0-01814-00496303-00496575 but even into like a core curriculum or
PPC69ANb3K0-01815-00496576-00496833 something that's for the for the youth
PPC69ANb3K0-01816-00496834-00496995 how's that getting how are you thinking
PPC69ANb3K0-01817-00496996-00497783 about that from a detroit perspective
PPC69ANb3K0-01818-00497784-00498153 and what i what I'll say is I'm going to
PPC69ANb3K0-01819-00498154-00498402 echo a sentiment that I said earlier and
PPC69ANb3K0-01820-00498403-00498722 that is you you can't build it and
PPC69ANb3K0-01821-00498723-00498888 expect for them to come there's been
PPC69ANb3K0-01822-00498889-00499224 numerous there's a word that I just have
PPC69ANb3K0-01823-00499225-00499568 a complete visceral reaction to because
PPC69ANb3K0-01824-00499569-00499797 it really is based around like the
PPC69ANb3K0-01825-00499797-00500018 solution is all about economics when
PPC69ANb3K0-01826-00500019-00500277 it's not and that word is food desert
PPC69ANb3K0-01827-00500278-00500505 like I have a total visceral reaction to
PPC69ANb3K0-01828-00500506-00500853 it because it the work that really came
PPC69ANb3K0-01829-00500854-00501339 out of academia and it has been used as
PPC69ANb3K0-01830-00501339-00501668 an economic development play for
PPC69ANb3K0-01831-00501668-00501920 supermarkets usually corporate based
PPC69ANb3K0-01832-00501921-00502077 supermarkets to get what's called new
PPC69ANb3K0-01833-00502078-00502318 market tax credits to create
PPC69ANb3K0-01834-00502319-00502584 supermarkets and what they call these
PPC69ANb3K0-01835-00502585-00502914 food desert areas and studies now have
PPC69ANb3K0-01836-00502914-00503130 shown that those supermarkets that have
PPC69ANb3K0-01837-00503131-00503328 opened grocery stores that have opened
PPC69ANb3K0-01838-00503329-00503541 in those communities have done nothing
PPC69ANb3K0-01839-00503542-00503972 to change like the dietary like
PPC69ANb3K0-01840-00503972-00504267 challenges or the health risk in those
PPC69ANb3K0-01841-00504268-00504459 communities at all right and it is
PPC69ANb3K0-01842-00504460-00504741 because you cannot just build a grocery
PPC69ANb3K0-01843-00504742-00504993 store in a supermarket without that very
PPC69ANb3K0-01844-00504993-00505241 much so educational component that that
PPC69ANb3K0-01845-00505242-00505385 educational piece because if
PPC69ANb3K0-01846-00505387-00505566 you put a supermarket there without the
PPC69ANb3K0-01847-00505567-00505878 educational component period the kids go
PPC69ANb3K0-01848-00505879-00506070 for the hot Doritos all the time right
PPC69ANb3K0-01849-00506071-00506339 or that busy single mother who's right
PPC69ANb3K0-01850-00506341-00506526 maybe you know working two jobs or just
PPC69ANb3K0-01851-00506527-00506751 in the other and she's like just trying
PPC69ANb3K0-01852-00506752-00506949 and like get food on the table like she
PPC69ANb3K0-01853-00506950-00507138 may go for the process of meat right or
PPC69ANb3K0-01854-00507139-00507381 I was at the farm just recently and I
PPC69ANb3K0-01855-00507382-00507603 was with the young what the young he was
PPC69ANb3K0-01856-00507604-00507909 in middle school I was what is 6th grade
PPC69ANb3K0-01857-00507910-00507999 is that middle school was that
PPC69ANb3K0-01858-00508000-00508152 elementary that's middle school right
PPC69ANb3K0-01859-00508153-00508389 and he said to me he said mr. Feder what
PPC69ANb3K0-01860-00508389-00508596 is that you're holding in your hand and
PPC69ANb3K0-01861-00508597-00508914 I said this and he said yeah what's that
PPC69ANb3K0-01862-00508914-00509346 and I said this is a sweet potato like
PPC69ANb3K0-01863-00509347-00509604 he was kind of like oh this is what
PPC69ANb3K0-01864-00509605-00509796 sweet potatoes look like I said well
PPC69ANb3K0-01865-00509797-00509970 yeah where did you think sweet potatoes
PPC69ANb3K0-01866-00509971-00510102 came from do you like sweet potato pies
PPC69ANb3K0-01867-00510103-00510285 and sweet potato pies my favorite I love
PPC69ANb3K0-01868-00510285-00510462 sweet potato pie I said we think the
PPC69ANb3K0-01869-00510463-00510618 sweet potatoes pop the sweep said it
PPC69ANb3K0-01870-00510618-00510804 came from he said I thought potatoes
PPC69ANb3K0-01871-00510805-00511002 came and he can like sitting like no
PPC69ANb3K0-01872-00511003-00511203 seriously that's what he thought and so
PPC69ANb3K0-01873-00511204-00511404 that so here's the thing and so when I
PPC69ANb3K0-01874-00511405-00511610 talk to you when I said and brought this
PPC69ANb3K0-01875-00511612-00511851 slide up earlier and I said that Detroit
PPC69ANb3K0-01876-00511852-00512241 has over 1500 community farms like that
PPC69ANb3K0-01877-00512242-00512445 on me or core community gardens like or
PPC69ANb3K0-01878-00512446-00512667 gosh it's though it's 1500 gardens like
PPC69ANb3K0-01879-00512668-00512859 that number is like that's impressive
PPC69ANb3K0-01880-00512860-00513114 like it's 1500 gardens in Detroit but a
PPC69ANb3K0-01881-00513114-00513393 large majority of that 1500 is like
PPC69ANb3K0-01882-00513393-00513651 family farms or family gardens in
PPC69ANb3K0-01883-00513652-00513912 people's home and so that 1500 is broken
PPC69ANb3K0-01884-00513913-00514118 down and not only family gardens but
PPC69ANb3K0-01885-00514120-00514347 school gardens community gardens and
PPC69ANb3K0-01886-00514347-00514488 something that we call market gardens
PPC69ANb3K0-01887-00514489-00514629 like that's the entrepreneurial piece
PPC69ANb3K0-01888-00514630-00514827 but here's the most important thing
PPC69ANb3K0-01889-00514828-00515145 that's impressive like 1500 gardens but
PPC69ANb3K0-01890-00515146-00515379 what's even more impressive that during
PPC69ANb3K0-01891-00515380-00515772 the season over 50,000 Detroiters are
PPC69ANb3K0-01892-00515772-00516068 engaged in urban agriculture like that's
PPC69ANb3K0-01893-00516070-00516285 the learning component right there when
PPC69ANb3K0-01894-00516285-00516516 you get the babies out in the farms
PPC69ANb3K0-01895-00516517-00516750 doing internships with an organization
PPC69ANb3K0-01896-00516751-00516951 called keep growing Detroit when you get
PPC69ANb3K0-01897-00516952-00517179 the babies in their schoolyard you know
PPC69ANb3K0-01898-00517180-00517428 how we had reached out to a good friend
PPC69ANb3K0-01899-00517429-00517572 of mine we wanted to bring him on to
PPC69ANb3K0-01900-00517572-00517842 kiba his name is Ron Finley in Dakota
PPC69ANb3K0-01901-00517843-00518049 common against the gardener and Ron said
PPC69ANb3K0-01902-00518050-00518295 when kids grow tomatoes kids eat
PPC69ANb3K0-01903-00518296-00518475 tomatoes right Ron is famous for saying
PPC69ANb3K0-01904-00518476-00518583 that and
PPC69ANb3K0-01905-00518584-00518847 the educational component if you have a
PPC69ANb3K0-01906-00518847-00519122 child who has a relationship with food
PPC69ANb3K0-01907-00519124-00519408 and can grow that food they will eat it
PPC69ANb3K0-01908-00519409-00519647 and be curious about it so everything
PPC69ANb3K0-01909-00519649-00519902 that that even though I'm talking about
PPC69ANb3K0-01910-00519903-00520116 entrepreneurship like building
PPC69ANb3K0-01911-00520117-00520380 businesses I love what Kiva said is that
PPC69ANb3K0-01912-00520381-00520599 where we try to train the entrepreneurs
PPC69ANb3K0-01913-00520600-00520772 the business owners is how are you
PPC69ANb3K0-01914-00520774-00521097 educating the consumer how are you
PPC69ANb3K0-01915-00521097-00521343 educating the staff and let me tell you
PPC69ANb3K0-01916-00521343-00521505 something and I say this because my
PPC69ANb3K0-01917-00521506-00521799 goddaughter is nine years old now
PPC69ANb3K0-01918-00521800-00522096 she lives in Harlem oh I'm sure she
PPC69ANb3K0-01919-00522097-00522324 lives in the Bronx now she goes and
PPC69ANb3K0-01920-00522325-00522567 dances at a Harlem School of Arts and
PPC69ANb3K0-01921-00522568-00522855 she has been probably a vegetarian since
PPC69ANb3K0-01922-00522856-00523062 she was six years old right I blame a
PPC69ANb3K0-01923-00523063-00523260 lot of that cuz who ever let her see
PPC69ANb3K0-01924-00523260-00523551 Food Inc I don't even know what like who
PPC69ANb3K0-01925-00523552-00523707 lets the six-year-old watch that she's
PPC69ANb3K0-01926-00523708-00523839 just kind of like to her brother Lance
PPC69ANb3K0-01927-00523839-00524025 you know you're eating a cow right that
PPC69ANb3K0-01928-00524026-00524247 hamburger like a cow died for you to eat
PPC69ANb3K0-01929-00524247-00524403 that like I don't eat that but the only
PPC69ANb3K0-01930-00524404-00524847 reason why I say that is because what is
PPC69ANb3K0-01931-00524848-00525099 so important is that the number one
PPC69ANb3K0-01932-00525100-00525714 influencers on parents are their kids if
PPC69ANb3K0-01933-00525715-00525990 you can get two children you can get the
PPC69ANb3K0-01934-00525991-00526296 parent and so keep going destroy it as
PPC69ANb3K0-01935-00526297-00526431 an organization and works with young
PPC69ANb3K0-01936-00526432-00526494 people
PPC69ANb3K0-01937-00526495-00526710 Detroit food Academy is another
PPC69ANb3K0-01938-00526711-00526974 organization in Detroit that works with
PPC69ANb3K0-01939-00526975-00527175 young people and we have schools in the
PPC69ANb3K0-01940-00527176-00527454 city of Detroit they use gardening as a
PPC69ANb3K0-01941-00527455-00527670 part of the curriculum in their program
PPC69ANb3K0-01942-00527671-00527949 so yes that is I don't do that work but
PPC69ANb3K0-01943-00527950-00528153 there are organizations who do that work
PPC69ANb3K0-01944-00528154-00528624 in Detroit do you know not a lot you
PPC69ANb3K0-01945-00528625-00528924 mean we do we do tours so you know we
PPC69ANb3K0-01946-00528925-00529149 there's a lot of charter schools in our
PPC69ANb3K0-01947-00529150-00529425 neighborhood so the teachers are
PPC69ANb3K0-01948-00529426-00529629 drinking coffee so so then they come in
PPC69ANb3K0-01949-00529630-00529878 and and they like to see sort of the
PPC69ANb3K0-01950-00529879-00530052 open and manufacturing and the equipment
PPC69ANb3K0-01951-00530053-00530313 and the tasting going on and so they
PPC69ANb3K0-01952-00530314-00530642 bring their children to to see you know
PPC69ANb3K0-01953-00530643-00531108 on tours you know but I ask this I'm
PPC69ANb3K0-01954-00531109-00531387 always curious when we get a room for
PPC69ANb3K0-01955-00531388-00531615 the people you mean now you guys know so
PPC69ANb3K0-01956-00531616-00531834 much about us but I'm a little curious
PPC69ANb3K0-01957-00531835-00531972 of who's in the room
PPC69ANb3K0-01958-00531973-00532194 can I get a show of hands for the
PPC69ANb3K0-01959-00532195-00532596 educators in the room can I get a show
PPC69ANb3K0-01960-00532597-00532956 of hands for like food activists food
PPC69ANb3K0-01961-00532957-00533586 just as people can get a show of hands
PPC69ANb3K0-01962-00533587-00534023 for entrepreneurs and business people
PPC69ANb3K0-01963-00534024-00534345 can I get a show of hands for the white
PPC69ANb3K0-01964-00534346-00534624 supremacist in the room well nobody
PPC69ANb3K0-01965-00534625-00534903 supreme is there what if what if what
PPC69ANb3K0-01966-00534904-00535095 about artists designers artists
PPC69ANb3K0-01967-00535096-00535836 designers yeah well thank you guys so
PPC69ANb3K0-01968-00535837-00535869 much
PPC69ANb3K0-01969-00535870-00536178 yes thank you
PPC69ANb3K0-01970-00536179-00536967 [Applause]