V0ovoTr8BVu-00000-00000032-00000456 [Tranquility in the himalayas] V0ovoTr8BVu-00001-00000738-00000844 [Ding] V0ovoTr8BVu-00002-00000846-00001014 Hey thanks for joining us today. V0ovoTr8BVu-00003-00001112-00001436 We're gonna talk about the mind and soul today V0ovoTr8BVu-00004-00001436-00001850 The spirits and the universal energies V0ovoTr8BVu-00005-00001850-00002322 Because recently, religions really aren't that hip you know? V0ovoTr8BVu-00006-00002322-00002564 So everyone's doing all this new age stuff V0ovoTr8BVu-00007-00002576-00002810 like yoga, meditation V0ovoTr8BVu-00008-00002858-00003142 different types of zen'y stuff V0ovoTr8BVu-00009-00003184-00003358 there's poledancing i think. V0ovoTr8BVu-00010-00003544-00003904 And us jazz players we need to be on that shit you know? V0ovoTr8BVu-00011-00003904-00004378 If you're coming out to the gig and you don't have your Kundalini balanced then, you know. V0ovoTr8BVu-00012-00004504-00004720 No one's gonna pay you that's for sure, right? V0ovoTr8BVu-00013-00004720-00005040 So All these drumteachers are talking about check V0ovoTr8BVu-00014-00005040-00005546 out the masters you know Tony Williams, Elvin Jones, all these dudes. V0ovoTr8BVu-00015-00005546-00005920 Well, here on practice your rudiment's we're going to the grand master today, cause we're V0ovoTr8BVu-00016-00005920-00006194 gonna do an exercise by the motherfuckin Dalai Lama. V0ovoTr8BVu-00017-00006654-00006916 Allright check it out, this bad boy is gonna V0ovoTr8BVu-00018-00006916-00007342 not only give you great time and solid technique, it's gonna center your ass. V0ovoTr8BVu-00019-00007343-00007893 This is an exercise designed to make you a complete human being V0ovoTr8BVu-00020-00007893-00008106 So V0ovoTr8BVu-00021-00008106-00008644 To start off you have your metronome set to 15 bpms, you play single strokes. V0ovoTr8BVu-00022-00009052-00009414 And that's hard, that's a long time. V0ovoTr8BVu-00023-00009714-00010096 So to help you you might start counting between right? V0ovoTr8BVu-00024-00010096-00010341 To have a little bit.. V0ovoTr8BVu-00025-00010341-00010832 Just to have a little bit more to hold on to beween the things you know? V0ovoTr8BVu-00026-00010878-00011172 Three, four. V0ovoTr8BVu-00027-00011224-00011448 Maybe sing a little song if you feel like. V0ovoTr8BVu-00028-00011448-00011750 And that's step one, ok? V0ovoTr8BVu-00029-00011750-00012145 But hey, we haven't even touched the Kundalini yet, where's the spiritual shit? V0ovoTr8BVu-00030-00012145-00012350 Well, once you got that down V0ovoTr8BVu-00031-00012570-00012919 We're gonna do it again, 15 bpms, but now.. V0ovoTr8BVu-00032-00012920-00013162 Close your eyes V0ovoTr8BVu-00033-00013162-00013541 Focus on the breath V0ovoTr8BVu-00034-00013541-00013737 Clear your mind V0ovoTr8BVu-00035-00013737-00014386 Release all tensions and expectations, you know? V0ovoTr8BVu-00036-00014386-00014604 You dont think about the subdivisions anymore V0ovoTr8BVu-00037-00014863-00015391 you're just letting your body come to ease before you start this V0ovoTr8BVu-00038-00015488-00015968 and then you take a deep breath and you fly. V0ovoTr8BVu-00039-00016284-00016446 Ok V0ovoTr8BVu-00040-00016486-00016632 Oh we're in it V0ovoTr8BVu-00041-00016632-00016760 [deep yogi breath] V0ovoTr8BVu-00042-00016894-00017334 Just feel that space, you know V0ovoTr8BVu-00043-00017412-00017974 And some people like to find their inner mountain when they do this. V0ovoTr8BVu-00044-00017975-00018492 That's a technique that i'm not always a fan of, but if you need to that's totally ok. V0ovoTr8BVu-00045-00018492-00019280 And there might be some kind of emotional response in the process, and thats ok! V0ovoTr8BVu-00046-00019280-00019704 You have to trust yourself, that's very important. V0ovoTr8BVu-00047-00019704-00019868 And you're just V0ovoTr8BVu-00048-00019868-00020036 flying, man. V0ovoTr8BVu-00049-00020122-00020395 And you're just experiencing all those emotions you know? V0ovoTr8BVu-00050-00020395-00021003 Because all of a sudden your fears and anxieties and all that shit will start coming at you. V0ovoTr8BVu-00051-00021003-00021411 That space becomes so long, in between the clicks. V0ovoTr8BVu-00052-00021411-00021983 And the energy flows are all out of whack and your fucking kundalini is flappin all V0ovoTr8BVu-00053-00021983-00022188 over the place you know. V0ovoTr8BVu-00054-00022188-00022374 You have to stay humble! V0ovoTr8BVu-00055-00022754-00022926 Stay focused, you know what i mean? V0ovoTr8BVu-00056-00022934-00023032 Fucking relaxe V0ovoTr8BVu-00057-00023032-00023122 Ok? V0ovoTr8BVu-00058-00023122-00023654 And you reel that kundalini in man, you get your fucking chackra in the bag, you know? V0ovoTr8BVu-00059-00023654-00023996 That's how you get the job done, ok? V0ovoTr8BVu-00060-00024074-00024302 [Deep fucking breath] V0ovoTr8BVu-00061-00024302-00024548 Don't forget to breathe. V0ovoTr8BVu-00062-00024866-00025076 And you center your... V0ovoTr8BVu-00063-00025076-00025126 sternum. V0ovoTr8BVu-00064-00025482-00025730 And rest. V0ovoTr8BVu-00065-00026042-00026380 And then you go to the jamsession, and you kill it! V0ovoTr8BVu-00066-00026454-00026777 [Inner mountain goats] V6me37lzq28-00000-00000003-00000498 hello healthynistas and welcome to my channel 50-something this channel is for V6me37lzq28-00001-00000498-00001032 the overall well-being of people 50 and older but don't worry if you're in your V6me37lzq28-00002-00001032-00001623 teens 20s 30s and 40s you can still apply a lot of the content today I'm V6me37lzq28-00003-00001623-00002316 collaborating again with my daughter her channel is that's TIFF. Hey guys welcome V6me37lzq28-00004-00002316-00002672 back to my channel y'all ready know it's good V6me37lzq28-00005-00002693-00003117 so today I'm collaborating with my mother once again her name with 50 V6me37lzq28-00006-00003117-00004476 something original follow her subscribe today I'm going to V6me37lzq28-00007-00004476-00004982 be showing my mom some slang and seeing if she knows what it is are you ready madre V6me37lzq28-00008-00004982-00005687 right yeah I don't know but let's go let me see okay huh V6me37lzq28-00009-00005687-00006747 do you know what ship means yeah a ship is a really large like you know V6me37lzq28-00010-00006747-00007538 boat that you can put people on and transport them you know a cruise ship V6me37lzq28-00011-00007538-00007995 okay alright maybe I should use it in a sentence for you yeah go ahead V6me37lzq28-00012-00007995-00008747 for instance I ship you and Padre what you ship people what is this it's not V6me37lzq28-00013-00008747-00009363 slavery days no shipping what does that mean when somebody says like oh I ship V6me37lzq28-00014-00009363-00009777 so and so that means they like their relationship they want V6me37lzq28-00015-00009777-00010386 them to be together you're kidding right? I'm serious okay give me another V6me37lzq28-00016-00010386-00010757 one okay well she failed so she has 0 out of 10 points V6me37lzq28-00017-00010757-00011256 you know I didn't even know we were keeping score well right now right now we're keeping points so right here zero out of ten V6me37lzq28-00018-00011256-00012089 do you know what sus means sus spell it V6me37lzq28-00019-00012089-00012795 do you want me to use it in a sentence yeah use it in a sentence first spell it sus SUS and the V6me37lzq28-00020-00012795-00013341 sentence is yeah I saw him looking at her that was kinda sus V6me37lzq28-00021-00013341-00014259 huh sus mm-hmm that was messed up not really that was suspect V6me37lzq28-00022-00014259-00015737 oh my goodness you people can't speak English! we can y'all justsay stuff like gnarly and when we said stuff it made sense like cool and V6me37lzq28-00023-00015737-00016206 all right give me another one okay so she still has zero out of ten V6me37lzq28-00024-00016206-00017121 okay do you know what boonk gang whole lotta a gangish is huh boonk gang V6me37lzq28-00025-00017121-00018642 whole lotta gang is that people are kind of uncouth there's that basically he's V6me37lzq28-00026-00018642-00019113 steals stuff and you've heard him say boonk gang whole lotta gang bing V6me37lzq28-00027-00019113-00019422 boonk gang, boonk gang and he's like you know like you're doing something he's like I V6me37lzq28-00028-00019422-00019818 don't know think you steal something and you run what then I was right that's V6me37lzq28-00029-00019818-00020256 uncouth give me another one you who steals stuff and puts it on V6me37lzq28-00030-00020256-00020955 video thanks ridiculous you do you want that point yeah I get the point? V6me37lzq28-00031-00020955-00021645 I guess you'll be that's uncouth, one out of ten okay so this saying is gurl she V6me37lzq28-00032-00021645-00022362 snatched my edges or gurl that snatched my wig what does snatched my edges or snatched my V6me37lzq28-00033-00022362-00023084 wing mean? somebody pulled your hair off not literally V6me37lzq28-00034-00023084-00024365 um snatched my edges oh maybe they did something that swept you off your feet V6me37lzq28-00035-00024758-00025245 so 2 out of ten and we're getting there okay number five V6me37lzq28-00036-00025245-00026118 what does goat mean like where we get goat milk and the goat the animal of V6me37lzq28-00037-00026118-00026502 the goat yeah V6me37lzq28-00038-00026502-00027191 Oh somebody's a goat that means they're a bad person right? no no no what's that V6me37lzq28-00039-00027191-00027452 mean and somebody's a goat they're the greatest V6me37lzq28-00040-00027452-00028334 of all time are you kidding me a goat yeah mm-hmm V6me37lzq28-00041-00028334-00028838 that makes no kind of sense that is not what we would use it for besides a goat V6me37lzq28-00042-00028838-00029358 he's not greatest of all time Wow okay give me another one oh my goodness V6me37lzq28-00043-00029358-00030353 okay what does Jomo or FOMO mean okay now you need to speak English hey I am V6me37lzq28-00044-00030353-00030925 Jomo fomo what language is that it's like a acronym V6me37lzq28-00045-00030925-00031356 Jomo FOMO Jomo is one word and fomo is another V6me37lzq28-00046-00031356-00032195 but they kind of go together in a sense I have no idea who even uses V6me37lzq28-00047-00032195-00033249 that people who people Jomo FOMO Jomo FOMO I have no I have no V6me37lzq28-00048-00033249-00033863 clue I can't make it up yes I can't I guess Jomo like Moe is more V6me37lzq28-00049-00033863-00034840 like Mo Money Mo Money mo money so Jomo so Joe a cup of joe is like coffee so V6me37lzq28-00050-00034840-00036194 more coffee Jomo and then fo Moe maybe more friends no you don't have to scream V6me37lzq28-00051-00036194-00036774 it sheesh Jomo if the joy of missing out but say V6me37lzq28-00052-00036774-00037149 your friend is like girl come hang with me and you say I don't want to do it and you see on snapchat V6me37lzq28-00053-00037149-00037625 that the club got shot up that night you're like oh my god JOMO I'm glad I didn't go FOMO is V6me37lzq28-00054-00037625-00038408 like oh I wish I was at that party cause it was popping fear of missing out yes yeah V6me37lzq28-00055-00038408-00039003 Millennials you are insane and I don't even speak that language V6me37lzq28-00056-00039003-00039450 All Right see she didn't get that one give me another one but okay um what is V6me37lzq28-00057-00039450-00039731 OTP mean? V6me37lzq28-00058-00039899-00041475 on time posse let me what I'm time on something madre, on time posse so I'll V6me37lzq28-00059-00041475-00042006 be like yeah girl I'm on time posse I'm who is going to say that V6me37lzq28-00060-00042006-00042804 you guys say fomo jomo so oh my goodness no OTP means on the phone like V6me37lzq28-00061-00042804-00043386 for texting somebody like girl I'm OTP right now I'll call you later we'll just V6me37lzq28-00062-00043386-00044160 say we're on the phone so you yeah I'm on the phone pray on it alright give me V6me37lzq28-00063-00044160-00045087 another one OTP sounds like some medical condition what is snatched mean when V6me37lzq28-00064-00045087-00045965 people snatch people's wigs off they got snatched no! you want a sentence? yes V6me37lzq28-00065-00045965-00046398 say you see I feel like I'm gonna spelling bee you know when the kids asked they V6me37lzq28-00066-00046398-00047016 asked them the the word and then the child says could you use it in a V6me37lzq28-00067-00047016-00047489 sentence that's how I feel right now okay use it in a sentence V6me37lzq28-00068-00047489-00048758 snatch. Is that Barbara over there girl she looks snatched yes come thru end quote V6me37lzq28-00069-00048758-00049554 she looks pretty? I guess some sense I guess you know everything's put V6me37lzq28-00070-00049554-00049956 together you know and that's called snatched okay but the word snatch V6me37lzq28-00071-00049956-00050490 the the translation of the word snatch is like you take stuff off it snatched V6me37lzq28-00072-00050490-00051359 off how is the person put together the opposite also means snatch okay I'm not V6me37lzq28-00073-00051359-00051728 gonna be using that I'm not using any of these because I'm gonna look ridiculous V6me37lzq28-00074-00051728-00052161 anyway give me the next one so I guess we V6me37lzq28-00075-00052161-00053074 can give her that point I guess mmm what does LBVS V6me37lzq28-00076-00053074-00055770 mean let's both very satisfied let's both be very satisfied I have no idea V6me37lzq28-00077-00055770-00056417 what is that oh look who it is it's my daughter she has her own channel called V6me37lzq28-00078-00056417-00056960 allaboutmindy in the description box down below go subscribe V6me37lzq28-00079-00057029-00058446 and you just threw her down like that. No I just let her down. Focus LBST basically mother LVBS means laughing but V6me37lzq28-00080-00058446-00058841 very serious like you're laughing at it but you're so seriousabout it that's what I V6me37lzq28-00081-00058841-00059247 mean you can't be both laughing and be serious that's an oxymoron you people V6me37lzq28-00082-00059247-00059924 know what an oxymoron is you can't it's like bitter sweet you have the opposite V6me37lzq28-00083-00059924-00060537 you know it doesn't work together what is it laughing but very serious laughing V6me37lzq28-00084-00060537-00061209 but very serious makes no sense LBVS who's gonna remember that a lot of V6me37lzq28-00085-00061209-00061563 people and sometime gonna do LBVVS like laughing but very very serious it's like very V6me37lzq28-00086-00061563-00062049 serious but you're laughing, we're not that lazy we could type it out besides we V6me37lzq28-00087-00062049-00062583 wouldn't even use that phrase laughing but very serious whatever anyway was the V6me37lzq28-00088-00062583-00063137 last one and the last one is dub. Oh give me some dub V6me37lzq28-00089-00063545-00065276 what was that? dub. okay um that's not it Dub is when somebody curves you. what's a curve? V6me37lzq28-00090-00065276-00065612 like your shape V6me37lzq28-00091-00065764-00066483 why do you look all crazy curved okay it's like if somebody's like if I'm like V6me37lzq28-00092-00066483-00066955 hey hey what's your number and you're like I ain't with it and you turn him V6me37lzq28-00093-00066955-00067222 down mm-hmm it's like you just you just dubbed V6me37lzq28-00094-00067222-00067585 somebody but if you're calling somebody a dub you're calling like a scrub basically V6me37lzq28-00095-00067585-00068089 a lame. a scrub like the escape song? yeah yeah they're back together V6me37lzq28-00096-00068089-00069039 I heard, I see yeah yeah anyway okay yeah no mm-hmm none of these make any V6me37lzq28-00097-00069039-00069514 sense anyway we speak English my generation we speak English I'm a baby V6me37lzq28-00098-00069514-00070168 boomer we speak English oh okay well they might speak English but not V6me37lzq28-00099-00070168-00070820 slang because as you can see my her uh her points it's a no but okay V6me37lzq28-00100-00070820-00072163 she tried she tried I didn't try I didn't want to try because Lbgs Tvs opt my V6me37lzq28-00101-00072163-00072852 otp whatever it's like medical diseases you know acronyms for medical V6me37lzq28-00102-00072852-00073369 things it just makes no sense anyway my people the normal people that speak V6me37lzq28-00103-00073369-00074011 regular English doing something remember doing something is better than nothing V6me37lzq28-00104-00074011-00074544 yourself and get some cardio in this week and for my people disregard what V6me37lzq28-00105-00074544-00074911 she says we speak English and we speak slang which y'all already know the deal is V6me37lzq28-00106-00074911-00075292 don't forget to Like comment subscribe yeah and I don't forget to Like comment and V6me37lzq28-00107-00075292-00075694 subscribe to me as well and don't forget to hit the bell so that V6me37lzq28-00108-00075694-00076774 you don't miss anything umm and you had your chance like I was saying until I was rudely interrupted don't forget to V6me37lzq28-00109-00076774-00077188 Like comment and subscribe and I will see you in the next video and tell us in V6me37lzq28-00110-00077188-00077764 the comments below what is your favorite slang word that we use today V6me37lzq28-00111-00077764-00078222 but don't forget get your shoulder ready and give me this hug! V7Tn4TWuu68-00000-00000010-00000196 CAR DID NOT SUFFER ANY INJURIES. V7Tn4TWuu68-00001-00000196-00000203 CAR DID NOT SUFFER ANY INJURIES. V7Tn4TWuu68-00002-00000203-00000407 CAR DID NOT SUFFER ANY INJURIES. >>> THE SHARING BREAD SOUP V7Tn4TWuu68-00003-00000407-00000413 CAR DID NOT SUFFER ANY INJURIES. >>> THE SHARING BREAD SOUP V7Tn4TWuu68-00004-00000413-00000563 CAR DID NOT SUFFER ANY INJURIES. >>> THE SHARING BREAD SOUP KITCHEN IN BRAINERD IS FACING V7Tn4TWuu68-00005-00000563-00000570 >>> THE SHARING BREAD SOUP KITCHEN IN BRAINERD IS FACING V7Tn4TWuu68-00006-00000570-00000724 >>> THE SHARING BREAD SOUP KITCHEN IN BRAINERD IS FACING MAJOR FINANCIAL DIFFICULTIES V7Tn4TWuu68-00007-00000724-00000730 KITCHEN IN BRAINERD IS FACING MAJOR FINANCIAL DIFFICULTIES V7Tn4TWuu68-00008-00000730-00000884 KITCHEN IN BRAINERD IS FACING MAJOR FINANCIAL DIFFICULTIES GOING INTO THE HOLIDAY SEASON. V7Tn4TWuu68-00009-00000884-00000890 MAJOR FINANCIAL DIFFICULTIES GOING INTO THE HOLIDAY SEASON. V7Tn4TWuu68-00010-00000890-00000990 MAJOR FINANCIAL DIFFICULTIES GOING INTO THE HOLIDAY SEASON. SARAH WINKELMANN SPOKE WITH THE V7Tn4TWuu68-00011-00000990-00000997 GOING INTO THE HOLIDAY SEASON. SARAH WINKELMANN SPOKE WITH THE V7Tn4TWuu68-00012-00000997-00001094 GOING INTO THE HOLIDAY SEASON. SARAH WINKELMANN SPOKE WITH THE MANAGER TO HEAR ABOUT THE FUTURE V7Tn4TWuu68-00013-00001094-00001101 SARAH WINKELMANN SPOKE WITH THE MANAGER TO HEAR ABOUT THE FUTURE V7Tn4TWuu68-00014-00001101-00001564 SARAH WINKELMANN SPOKE WITH THE MANAGER TO HEAR ABOUT THE FUTURE OF THE LOCAL SERVICE. V7Tn4TWuu68-00015-00001564-00001571 MANAGER TO HEAR ABOUT THE FUTURE OF THE LOCAL SERVICE. V7Tn4TWuu68-00016-00001571-00001741 MANAGER TO HEAR ABOUT THE FUTURE OF THE LOCAL SERVICE. >> IT'S FUN. V7Tn4TWuu68-00017-00001741-00001748 OF THE LOCAL SERVICE. >> IT'S FUN. V7Tn4TWuu68-00018-00001748-00002055 OF THE LOCAL SERVICE. >> IT'S FUN. SHARING BREAD SOUP KITCHEN IS V7Tn4TWuu68-00019-00002055-00002062 >> IT'S FUN. SHARING BREAD SOUP KITCHEN IS V7Tn4TWuu68-00020-00002062-00002142 >> IT'S FUN. SHARING BREAD SOUP KITCHEN IS REALLY FUN. V7Tn4TWuu68-00021-00002142-00002148 SHARING BREAD SOUP KITCHEN IS REALLY FUN. V7Tn4TWuu68-00022-00002148-00002312 SHARING BREAD SOUP KITCHEN IS REALLY FUN. >> Sarah: BOB EVANS IS PASSION V7Tn4TWuu68-00023-00002312-00002318 REALLY FUN. >> Sarah: BOB EVANS IS PASSION V7Tn4TWuu68-00024-00002318-00002402 REALLY FUN. >> Sarah: BOB EVANS IS PASSION NOT ABOUT THE SOUP KITCHEN V7Tn4TWuu68-00025-00002402-00002409 >> Sarah: BOB EVANS IS PASSION NOT ABOUT THE SOUP KITCHEN V7Tn4TWuu68-00026-00002409-00002532 >> Sarah: BOB EVANS IS PASSION NOT ABOUT THE SOUP KITCHEN SERVING THE BRAINERD COMMUNITY V7Tn4TWuu68-00027-00002532-00002539 NOT ABOUT THE SOUP KITCHEN SERVING THE BRAINERD COMMUNITY V7Tn4TWuu68-00028-00002539-00002635 NOT ABOUT THE SOUP KITCHEN SERVING THE BRAINERD COMMUNITY THE PAST 30 YEARS. V7Tn4TWuu68-00029-00002635-00002642 SERVING THE BRAINERD COMMUNITY THE PAST 30 YEARS. V7Tn4TWuu68-00030-00002642-00002746 SERVING THE BRAINERD COMMUNITY THE PAST 30 YEARS. >> WE OPEN THE DOORS EVERY DAY V7Tn4TWuu68-00031-00002746-00002752 THE PAST 30 YEARS. >> WE OPEN THE DOORS EVERY DAY V7Tn4TWuu68-00032-00002752-00002882 THE PAST 30 YEARS. >> WE OPEN THE DOORS EVERY DAY TO HUNGRY PEOPLE. V7Tn4TWuu68-00033-00002882-00002889 >> WE OPEN THE DOORS EVERY DAY TO HUNGRY PEOPLE. V7Tn4TWuu68-00034-00002889-00003016 >> WE OPEN THE DOORS EVERY DAY TO HUNGRY PEOPLE. WE DON'T ASK ANY QUESTIONS. V7Tn4TWuu68-00035-00003016-00003023 TO HUNGRY PEOPLE. WE DON'T ASK ANY QUESTIONS. V7Tn4TWuu68-00036-00003023-00003159 TO HUNGRY PEOPLE. WE DON'T ASK ANY QUESTIONS. PEOPLE JUST COME IF. V7Tn4TWuu68-00037-00003159-00003166 WE DON'T ASK ANY QUESTIONS. PEOPLE JUST COME IF. V7Tn4TWuu68-00038-00003166-00003316 WE DON'T ASK ANY QUESTIONS. PEOPLE JUST COME IF. YOU JUST HAVE TO BE HUNGRY, V7Tn4TWuu68-00039-00003316-00003323 PEOPLE JUST COME IF. YOU JUST HAVE TO BE HUNGRY, V7Tn4TWuu68-00040-00003323-00003493 PEOPLE JUST COME IF. YOU JUST HAVE TO BE HUNGRY, THAT'S THE ONLY QUALIFIER. V7Tn4TWuu68-00041-00003493-00003500 YOU JUST HAVE TO BE HUNGRY, THAT'S THE ONLY QUALIFIER. V7Tn4TWuu68-00042-00003500-00003596 YOU JUST HAVE TO BE HUNGRY, THAT'S THE ONLY QUALIFIER. >> Sarah: AFTER PURCHASING A NEW V7Tn4TWuu68-00043-00003596-00003603 THAT'S THE ONLY QUALIFIER. >> Sarah: AFTER PURCHASING A NEW V7Tn4TWuu68-00044-00003603-00003823 THAT'S THE ONLY QUALIFIER. >> Sarah: AFTER PURCHASING A NEW BUILDING ON OAK STREET IN 2015, V7Tn4TWuu68-00045-00003823-00003830 >> Sarah: AFTER PURCHASING A NEW BUILDING ON OAK STREET IN 2015, V7Tn4TWuu68-00046-00003830-00003910 >> Sarah: AFTER PURCHASING A NEW BUILDING ON OAK STREET IN 2015, MOST OF THE SAVINGS HAVE BEEN V7Tn4TWuu68-00047-00003910-00003917 BUILDING ON OAK STREET IN 2015, MOST OF THE SAVINGS HAVE BEEN V7Tn4TWuu68-00048-00003917-00004184 BUILDING ON OAK STREET IN 2015, MOST OF THE SAVINGS HAVE BEEN USED UP, AND THE USUAL DONATION V7Tn4TWuu68-00049-00004184-00004190 MOST OF THE SAVINGS HAVE BEEN USED UP, AND THE USUAL DONATION V7Tn4TWuu68-00050-00004190-00004337 MOST OF THE SAVINGS HAVE BEEN USED UP, AND THE USUAL DONATION CYCLE HAS BEEN DISAPPEARING. V7Tn4TWuu68-00051-00004337-00004344 USED UP, AND THE USUAL DONATION CYCLE HAS BEEN DISAPPEARING. V7Tn4TWuu68-00052-00004344-00004684 USED UP, AND THE USUAL DONATION CYCLE HAS BEEN DISAPPEARING. >> WE SIMPLY HAVEN'T HAD THE V7Tn4TWuu68-00053-00004684-00004691 CYCLE HAS BEEN DISAPPEARING. >> WE SIMPLY HAVEN'T HAD THE V7Tn4TWuu68-00054-00004691-00004891 CYCLE HAS BEEN DISAPPEARING. >> WE SIMPLY HAVEN'T HAD THE RESOURCES TO SUPPLY THAT NEED, V7Tn4TWuu68-00055-00004891-00004898 >> WE SIMPLY HAVEN'T HAD THE RESOURCES TO SUPPLY THAT NEED, V7Tn4TWuu68-00056-00004898-00005105 >> WE SIMPLY HAVEN'T HAD THE RESOURCES TO SUPPLY THAT NEED, AND THE LAST COUPLE OF MONTHS V7Tn4TWuu68-00057-00005105-00005111 RESOURCES TO SUPPLY THAT NEED, AND THE LAST COUPLE OF MONTHS V7Tn4TWuu68-00058-00005111-00005258 RESOURCES TO SUPPLY THAT NEED, AND THE LAST COUPLE OF MONTHS HAVE BEEN VERY, VERY V7Tn4TWuu68-00059-00005258-00005265 AND THE LAST COUPLE OF MONTHS HAVE BEEN VERY, VERY V7Tn4TWuu68-00060-00005265-00005308 AND THE LAST COUPLE OF MONTHS HAVE BEEN VERY, VERY CHALLENGING. V7Tn4TWuu68-00061-00005308-00005315 HAVE BEEN VERY, VERY CHALLENGING. V7Tn4TWuu68-00062-00005315-00005475 HAVE BEEN VERY, VERY CHALLENGING. >> Sarah: UNLIKE WHAT EVERYBODY V7Tn4TWuu68-00063-00005475-00005482 CHALLENGING. >> Sarah: UNLIKE WHAT EVERYBODY V7Tn4TWuu68-00064-00005482-00005812 CHALLENGING. >> Sarah: UNLIKE WHAT EVERYBODY THINKS, IT'S NOT USUALLY SOUP. V7Tn4TWuu68-00065-00005812-00005819 >> Sarah: UNLIKE WHAT EVERYBODY THINKS, IT'S NOT USUALLY SOUP. V7Tn4TWuu68-00066-00005819-00005959 >> Sarah: UNLIKE WHAT EVERYBODY THINKS, IT'S NOT USUALLY SOUP. >> GROUND TURKEY. V7Tn4TWuu68-00067-00005959-00005965 THINKS, IT'S NOT USUALLY SOUP. >> GROUND TURKEY. V7Tn4TWuu68-00068-00005965-00006182 THINKS, IT'S NOT USUALLY SOUP. >> GROUND TURKEY. LOTS OF GROUND TURKEY, GOOD FOR V7Tn4TWuu68-00069-00006182-00006189 >> GROUND TURKEY. LOTS OF GROUND TURKEY, GOOD FOR V7Tn4TWuu68-00070-00006189-00006222 >> GROUND TURKEY. LOTS OF GROUND TURKEY, GOOD FOR CASSEROLES. V7Tn4TWuu68-00071-00006222-00006229 LOTS OF GROUND TURKEY, GOOD FOR CASSEROLES. V7Tn4TWuu68-00072-00006229-00006383 LOTS OF GROUND TURKEY, GOOD FOR CASSEROLES. >> IT'S JUST GOOD HOMEMADE FOOD V7Tn4TWuu68-00073-00006383-00006389 CASSEROLES. >> IT'S JUST GOOD HOMEMADE FOOD V7Tn4TWuu68-00074-00006389-00006569 CASSEROLES. >> IT'S JUST GOOD HOMEMADE FOOD AND THANK GOODNESS FOR THE V7Tn4TWuu68-00075-00006569-00006576 >> IT'S JUST GOOD HOMEMADE FOOD AND THANK GOODNESS FOR THE V7Tn4TWuu68-00076-00006576-00006743 >> IT'S JUST GOOD HOMEMADE FOOD AND THANK GOODNESS FOR THE PEOPLE WHO DONATE. V7Tn4TWuu68-00077-00006743-00006750 AND THANK GOODNESS FOR THE PEOPLE WHO DONATE. V7Tn4TWuu68-00078-00006750-00006920 AND THANK GOODNESS FOR THE PEOPLE WHO DONATE. >> Sarah: ON FRIDAYS, IT'S V7Tn4TWuu68-00079-00006920-00006926 PEOPLE WHO DONATE. >> Sarah: ON FRIDAYS, IT'S V7Tn4TWuu68-00080-00006926-00007050 PEOPLE WHO DONATE. >> Sarah: ON FRIDAYS, IT'S TYPICAL TO SEE ABOUT 70 PEOPLE V7Tn4TWuu68-00081-00007050-00007056 >> Sarah: ON FRIDAYS, IT'S TYPICAL TO SEE ABOUT 70 PEOPLE V7Tn4TWuu68-00082-00007056-00007180 >> Sarah: ON FRIDAYS, IT'S TYPICAL TO SEE ABOUT 70 PEOPLE COMING IN TO GET A GOOD HEALTHY V7Tn4TWuu68-00083-00007180-00007187 TYPICAL TO SEE ABOUT 70 PEOPLE COMING IN TO GET A GOOD HEALTHY V7Tn4TWuu68-00084-00007187-00007210 TYPICAL TO SEE ABOUT 70 PEOPLE COMING IN TO GET A GOOD HEALTHY MEAL. V7Tn4TWuu68-00085-00007210-00007217 COMING IN TO GET A GOOD HEALTHY MEAL. V7Tn4TWuu68-00086-00007217-00007454 COMING IN TO GET A GOOD HEALTHY MEAL. ON TONIGHT'S MENU, IT'S TUNA V7Tn4TWuu68-00087-00007454-00007460 MEAL. ON TONIGHT'S MENU, IT'S TUNA V7Tn4TWuu68-00088-00007460-00008017 MEAL. ON TONIGHT'S MENU, IT'S TUNA CASSEROLE, MIXED VEGETABLES AND V7Tn4TWuu68-00089-00008017-00008024 ON TONIGHT'S MENU, IT'S TUNA CASSEROLE, MIXED VEGETABLES AND V7Tn4TWuu68-00090-00008024-00008051 ON TONIGHT'S MENU, IT'S TUNA CASSEROLE, MIXED VEGETABLES AND FRUIT. V7Tn4TWuu68-00091-00008051-00008058 CASSEROLE, MIXED VEGETABLES AND FRUIT. V7Tn4TWuu68-00092-00008058-00008138 CASSEROLE, MIXED VEGETABLES AND FRUIT. >> ALL THIS FOOD DOESN'T JUST V7Tn4TWuu68-00093-00008138-00008144 FRUIT. >> ALL THIS FOOD DOESN'T JUST V7Tn4TWuu68-00094-00008144-00008284 FRUIT. >> ALL THIS FOOD DOESN'T JUST COME HERE MAGICALLY. V7Tn4TWuu68-00095-00008284-00008291 >> ALL THIS FOOD DOESN'T JUST COME HERE MAGICALLY. V7Tn4TWuu68-00096-00008291-00008398 >> ALL THIS FOOD DOESN'T JUST COME HERE MAGICALLY. THIS IS A WONDERFUL PLACE. V7Tn4TWuu68-00097-00008398-00008405 COME HERE MAGICALLY. THIS IS A WONDERFUL PLACE. V7Tn4TWuu68-00098-00008405-00008581 COME HERE MAGICALLY. THIS IS A WONDERFUL PLACE. IT'S USUALLY PRETTY FULL EVERY V7Tn4TWuu68-00099-00008581-00008588 THIS IS A WONDERFUL PLACE. IT'S USUALLY PRETTY FULL EVERY V7Tn4TWuu68-00100-00008588-00008611 THIS IS A WONDERFUL PLACE. IT'S USUALLY PRETTY FULL EVERY TIME. V7Tn4TWuu68-00101-00008611-00008618 IT'S USUALLY PRETTY FULL EVERY TIME. V7Tn4TWuu68-00102-00008618-00008691 IT'S USUALLY PRETTY FULL EVERY TIME. >> Sarah: THE SOUP KITCHEN IS V7Tn4TWuu68-00103-00008691-00008698 TIME. >> Sarah: THE SOUP KITCHEN IS V7Tn4TWuu68-00104-00008698-00008865 TIME. >> Sarah: THE SOUP KITCHEN IS OPEN SEVEN DAYS A WEEK WITH AN V7Tn4TWuu68-00105-00008865-00008872 >> Sarah: THE SOUP KITCHEN IS OPEN SEVEN DAYS A WEEK WITH AN V7Tn4TWuu68-00106-00008872-00009035 >> Sarah: THE SOUP KITCHEN IS OPEN SEVEN DAYS A WEEK WITH AN OPENING TIME OF 5:00 P.M. MONDAY V7Tn4TWuu68-00107-00009035-00009042 OPEN SEVEN DAYS A WEEK WITH AN OPENING TIME OF 5:00 P.M. MONDAY V7Tn4TWuu68-00108-00009042-00009189 OPEN SEVEN DAYS A WEEK WITH AN OPENING TIME OF 5:00 P.M. MONDAY THROUGH SATURDAY AND 1:00 P.M. V7Tn4TWuu68-00109-00009189-00009195 OPENING TIME OF 5:00 P.M. MONDAY THROUGH SATURDAY AND 1:00 P.M. V7Tn4TWuu68-00110-00009195-00009319 OPENING TIME OF 5:00 P.M. MONDAY THROUGH SATURDAY AND 1:00 P.M. ON SUNDAYS. V7Tn4TWuu68-00111-00009319-00009325 THROUGH SATURDAY AND 1:00 P.M. ON SUNDAYS. V7Tn4TWuu68-00112-00009325-00009723 THROUGH SATURDAY AND 1:00 P.M. ON SUNDAYS. >> WE'RE PART OF A COMMUNITY V7Tn4TWuu68-00113-00009723-00009729 ON SUNDAYS. >> WE'RE PART OF A COMMUNITY V7Tn4TWuu68-00114-00009729-00010123 ON SUNDAYS. >> WE'RE PART OF A COMMUNITY THAT SERVES NEEDY PEOPLE, AND V7Tn4TWuu68-00115-00010123-00010130 >> WE'RE PART OF A COMMUNITY THAT SERVES NEEDY PEOPLE, AND V7Tn4TWuu68-00116-00010130-00010353 >> WE'RE PART OF A COMMUNITY THAT SERVES NEEDY PEOPLE, AND NOBODY NEEDS TO GO TO BED V7Tn4TWuu68-00117-00010353-00010360 THAT SERVES NEEDY PEOPLE, AND NOBODY NEEDS TO GO TO BED V7Tn4TWuu68-00118-00010360-00010390 THAT SERVES NEEDY PEOPLE, AND NOBODY NEEDS TO GO TO BED HUNGRY. V7Tn4TWuu68-00119-00010390-00010397 NOBODY NEEDS TO GO TO BED HUNGRY. V7Tn4TWuu68-00120-00010397-00010513 NOBODY NEEDS TO GO TO BED HUNGRY. >> Sarah: WITH THE COLD AND V7Tn4TWuu68-00121-00010513-00010520 HUNGRY. >> Sarah: WITH THE COLD AND V7Tn4TWuu68-00122-00010520-00010714 HUNGRY. >> Sarah: WITH THE COLD AND SNOWY SEASON UPON US, THE GOAL V7Tn4TWuu68-00123-00010714-00010720 >> Sarah: WITH THE COLD AND SNOWY SEASON UPON US, THE GOAL V7Tn4TWuu68-00124-00010720-00010937 >> Sarah: WITH THE COLD AND SNOWY SEASON UPON US, THE GOAL OF RAISING $20,000 BY V7Tn4TWuu68-00125-00010937-00010944 SNOWY SEASON UPON US, THE GOAL OF RAISING $20,000 BY V7Tn4TWuu68-00126-00010944-00011114 SNOWY SEASON UPON US, THE GOAL OF RAISING $20,000 BY THANKSGIVING IS FAST V7Tn4TWuu68-00127-00011114-00011121 OF RAISING $20,000 BY THANKSGIVING IS FAST V7Tn4TWuu68-00128-00011121-00011157 OF RAISING $20,000 BY THANKSGIVING IS FAST APPROACHING. V7Tn4TWuu68-00129-00011157-00011164 THANKSGIVING IS FAST APPROACHING. V7Tn4TWuu68-00130-00011164-00011277 THANKSGIVING IS FAST APPROACHING. BUT BOB IS STAYING HOPEFUL THAT V7Tn4TWuu68-00131-00011277-00011284 APPROACHING. BUT BOB IS STAYING HOPEFUL THAT V7Tn4TWuu68-00132-00011284-00011381 APPROACHING. BUT BOB IS STAYING HOPEFUL THAT THE MONEY WILL COME THROUGH. V7Tn4TWuu68-00133-00011381-00011388 BUT BOB IS STAYING HOPEFUL THAT THE MONEY WILL COME THROUGH. V7Tn4TWuu68-00134-00011388-00011715 BUT BOB IS STAYING HOPEFUL THAT THE MONEY WILL COME THROUGH. >> IF WE DON'T GET THIS DONE, IT V7Tn4TWuu68-00135-00011715-00011721 THE MONEY WILL COME THROUGH. >> IF WE DON'T GET THIS DONE, IT V7Tn4TWuu68-00136-00011721-00012015 THE MONEY WILL COME THROUGH. >> IF WE DON'T GET THIS DONE, IT IS A SERIOUS MATTER. V7Tn4TWuu68-00137-00012015-00012022 >> IF WE DON'T GET THIS DONE, IT IS A SERIOUS MATTER. V7Tn4TWuu68-00138-00012022-00012202 >> IF WE DON'T GET THIS DONE, IT IS A SERIOUS MATTER. IT COULD BE THAT WE'LL DISCOVER V7Tn4TWuu68-00139-00012202-00012208 IS A SERIOUS MATTER. IT COULD BE THAT WE'LL DISCOVER V7Tn4TWuu68-00140-00012208-00012342 IS A SERIOUS MATTER. IT COULD BE THAT WE'LL DISCOVER THAT KIND OF SUPPORT FOR SHARING V7Tn4TWuu68-00141-00012342-00012348 IT COULD BE THAT WE'LL DISCOVER THAT KIND OF SUPPORT FOR SHARING V7Tn4TWuu68-00142-00012348-00012489 IT COULD BE THAT WE'LL DISCOVER THAT KIND OF SUPPORT FOR SHARING BREAD SOUP KITCHEN THAT'S BEEN V7Tn4TWuu68-00143-00012489-00012495 THAT KIND OF SUPPORT FOR SHARING BREAD SOUP KITCHEN THAT'S BEEN V7Tn4TWuu68-00144-00012495-00012655 THAT KIND OF SUPPORT FOR SHARING BREAD SOUP KITCHEN THAT'S BEEN HERE FOR 30 YEARS IS NO LONGER V7Tn4TWuu68-00145-00012655-00012662 BREAD SOUP KITCHEN THAT'S BEEN HERE FOR 30 YEARS IS NO LONGER V7Tn4TWuu68-00146-00012662-00012859 BREAD SOUP KITCHEN THAT'S BEEN HERE FOR 30 YEARS IS NO LONGER THERE, IN WHICH CASE, I GUESS V7Tn4TWuu68-00147-00012859-00012866 HERE FOR 30 YEARS IS NO LONGER THERE, IN WHICH CASE, I GUESS V7Tn4TWuu68-00148-00012866-00013093 HERE FOR 30 YEARS IS NO LONGER THERE, IN WHICH CASE, I GUESS WE'LL ALL HAVE TO ACCEPT THE V7Tn4TWuu68-00149-00013093-00013099 THERE, IN WHICH CASE, I GUESS WE'LL ALL HAVE TO ACCEPT THE V7Tn4TWuu68-00150-00013099-00013243 THERE, IN WHICH CASE, I GUESS WE'LL ALL HAVE TO ACCEPT THE INEVITABLE DEMISE OF WHAT HAS V7Tn4TWuu68-00151-00013243-00013249 WE'LL ALL HAVE TO ACCEPT THE INEVITABLE DEMISE OF WHAT HAS V7Tn4TWuu68-00152-00013249-00013363 WE'LL ALL HAVE TO ACCEPT THE INEVITABLE DEMISE OF WHAT HAS BEEN A WONDERFUL RIDE. V7Tn4TWuu68-00153-00013363-00013369 INEVITABLE DEMISE OF WHAT HAS BEEN A WONDERFUL RIDE. V7Tn4TWuu68-00154-00013369-00013513 INEVITABLE DEMISE OF WHAT HAS BEEN A WONDERFUL RIDE. >> Sarah: THE CREW IS STAYING V7Tn4TWuu68-00155-00013513-00013520 BEEN A WONDERFUL RIDE. >> Sarah: THE CREW IS STAYING V7Tn4TWuu68-00156-00013520-00013710 BEEN A WONDERFUL RIDE. >> Sarah: THE CREW IS STAYING OPTIMISTIC ABOUT THE FUTURE OF V7Tn4TWuu68-00157-00013710-00013716 >> Sarah: THE CREW IS STAYING OPTIMISTIC ABOUT THE FUTURE OF V7Tn4TWuu68-00158-00013716-00013943 >> Sarah: THE CREW IS STAYING OPTIMISTIC ABOUT THE FUTURE OF THE SHARING BREAD SOUP KITCHEN. V7Tn4TWuu68-00159-00013943-00013950 OPTIMISTIC ABOUT THE FUTURE OF THE SHARING BREAD SOUP KITCHEN. V7Tn4TWuu68-00160-00013950-00014210 OPTIMISTIC ABOUT THE FUTURE OF THE SHARING BREAD SOUP KITCHEN. REPORTING IN BRAINERD, SARAH V7Tn4TWuu68-00161-00014210-00014217 THE SHARING BREAD SOUP KITCHEN. REPORTING IN BRAINERD, SARAH V7Tn4TWuu68-00162-00014217-00014274 THE SHARING BREAD SOUP KITCHEN. REPORTING IN BRAINERD, SARAH WINKELMANN, LAKELAND NEWS. V7Tn4TWuu68-00163-00014274-00014280 REPORTING IN BRAINERD, SARAH WINKELMANN, LAKELAND NEWS. V7Tn4TWuu68-00164-00014280-00014344 REPORTING IN BRAINERD, SARAH WINKELMANN, LAKELAND NEWS. >> Dennis: INFORMATION ABOUT V7Tn4TWuu68-00165-00014344-00014350 WINKELMANN, LAKELAND NEWS. >> Dennis: INFORMATION ABOUT V7Tn4TWuu68-00166-00014350-00014447 WINKELMANN, LAKELAND NEWS. >> Dennis: INFORMATION ABOUT MAKING DONATIONS CAN BE FOUND ON V7Tn4TWuu68-00167-00014447-00014454 >> Dennis: INFORMATION ABOUT MAKING DONATIONS CAN BE FOUND ON V7Tn4TWuu68-00168-00014454-00014597 >> Dennis: INFORMATION ABOUT MAKING DONATIONS CAN BE FOUND ON OUR WEBSITE, LPTV.ORG. VqRvpzPX9LY-00000-00002385-00002941 Lukas?.. Lukas? VqRvpzPX9LY-00001-00003001-00003604 Lukas?.. What are you doing? Give me that. VqRvpzPX9LY-00002-00003677-00004405 Don't you got homework to do? Come on, go. We have to leave soon. VqRvpzPX9LY-00003-00005446-00006368 Woah..Lukas! Do your homework! Shut the slat blinds so at least you can concentrate! VqRvpzPX9LY-00004-00016106-00016430 We come in peace! VqRvpzPX9LY-00005-00020056-00020595 Why are you screaming?! You need to get ready.. VqRvpzPX9LY-00006-00025051-00025567 Lukas, are you ready? We need to go now. VqRvpzPX9LY-00007-00028524-00029225 Lukas, dreaming again?.... VrbCBO8aSgA-00000-00024303-00024603 What isyour order to me master VrbCBO8aSgA-00001-00025213-00025413 As you wish master VrbCBO8aSgA-00002-00025483-00026083 May my master's wish be granted VrbCBO8aSgA-00003-00028407-00028607 The devil's best friend VrbCBO8aSgA-00004-00037503-00037903 Beating you is like squeezing a mouskito for me VrbCBO8aSgA-00005-00037903-00038103 How ?.You are already dead VrbCBO8aSgA-00006-00038103-00038257 What ! VuBw2OXQfSQ-00000-00000008-00000608 this might actually be the longest single rally in rise of kingdom's history and our alliance was the VuBw2OXQfSQ-00001-00000608-00001424 one defending the past what's going on guys cheers boy do i have a treat for you ladies and gentlemen VuBw2OXQfSQ-00002-00001424-00002400 this rally and pass defense lasted over nine hours that's right a single rally and a single garrison VuBw2OXQfSQ-00003-00002400-00003032 being reinforced for over nine hours straight now i don't know if this is actually a record VuBw2OXQfSQ-00004-00003032-00003560 i really have no idea from the people that i've talked to who are active in rise of kingdoms the VuBw2OXQfSQ-00005-00003560-00004168 longest they've seen is like seven or eight hours so this might actually be the longest ever now i VuBw2OXQfSQ-00006-00004168-00004656 wouldn't be surprised if it wasn't right because reports like this come come around once in a while VuBw2OXQfSQ-00007-00004656-00005352 that are absolutely insane and i am so happy that i have the full report here because i was jumping VuBw2OXQfSQ-00008-00005352-00005920 in this in this pass over and over and over again i had like four armies in this past for like three VuBw2OXQfSQ-00009-00005920-00006368 hours straight this was honestly some of the most fun that i've had in rise of kingdoms in a long VuBw2OXQfSQ-00010-00006368-00006992 time so today we're gonna go over everything that came with this pass now look at this guys look at VuBw2OXQfSQ-00011-00006992-00007464 this i've got i've got footage that we're gonna go over here uh i obviously recorded a bunch of the VuBw2OXQfSQ-00012-00007464-00008120 footage but this is actually in it's like a cvs receipt boys this is like what the hell is this VuBw2OXQfSQ-00013-00008120-00008904 dude this is actually insane okay this is actually insane so as you can see here the rally started VuBw2OXQfSQ-00014-00008904-00009552 at 203 utc this was not the first rally on the pass by the way we had lost the pass earlier in VuBw2OXQfSQ-00015-00009552-00010136 the day while i was at work i'm not entirely sure what happened but eventually our coalition and my VuBw2OXQfSQ-00016-00010136-00010672 alliance sort of gained back control of the past uh and that's when i got off work came home and VuBw2OXQfSQ-00017-00010672-00011328 started just pumping the past full of troops now i also have a screenshot of my hall of heroes from VuBw2OXQfSQ-00018-00011328-00012152 before and after this rally so stay tuned for that but as you can see okay our defense 1.3 billion VuBw2OXQfSQ-00019-00012152-00012896 power loss on our side compared to the 1.1 billion loss on the rally side now what's crazy here VuBw2OXQfSQ-00020-00012896-00013512 is that this screenshot obviously does not paint the entire picture of course when you have a nine VuBw2OXQfSQ-00021-00013512-00014072 hour rally this was running i can't even believe i'm saying it guys i went to bed after like VuBw2OXQfSQ-00022-00014072-00014736 three hours of reinforcing and i woke up like five hours later just to see how the how the rally went VuBw2OXQfSQ-00023-00014736-00015472 and i was like wait a minute where's the report in my inbox and i was like no way no way so i log in VuBw2OXQfSQ-00024-00015472-00016032 i go over to the pass and they were still going at it it was the set so i teleported right back i'm VuBw2OXQfSQ-00025-00016032-00016432 like okay i guess i guess we're gonna just keep going i guess this the rally is just never gonna VuBw2OXQfSQ-00026-00016432-00016984 end okay but yeah i literally went to bed and woke up and came back and it was still i i seriously VuBw2OXQfSQ-00027-00016984-00017408 can't believe that this actually happened so one thing that i noticed is that when you have VuBw2OXQfSQ-00028-00017408-00017952 reports this long you can't look at the troops it just it's too much the game just cannot hold VuBw2OXQfSQ-00029-00017952-00018496 all that data this it doesn't let you see how many troops everybody put in luckily i have screenshots VuBw2OXQfSQ-00030-00018496-00019024 for for my armies at least uh but you can see here on our on the defense side we have almost VuBw2OXQfSQ-00031-00019024-00019784 a hundred million dead units we have 93 92 and a half million severely wounded i can't even i VuBw2OXQfSQ-00032-00019912-00020848 1.3 billion slightly wounded units and on the rally side we have 73.6 VuBw2OXQfSQ-00033-00020848-00021552 million deads with about 70 million severely wounded and one billion slightly wounded now i VuBw2OXQfSQ-00034-00021552-00022120 also don't have a full breakthrough the whole report is just broken okay the whole report VuBw2OXQfSQ-00035-00022120-00022800 is broken obviously we have a KMK over here absolute savage of a of a garrison Zenobia YSS VuBw2OXQfSQ-00036-00022800-00023432 versus attila and nevsky now on our end we have the support skill for belisarius this is an VuBw2OXQfSQ-00037-00023432-00024120 absolute must-have they have it on the rally as well 25 increased damage under 50 is insane like VuBw2OXQfSQ-00038-00024120-00024648 you're going to get under 50 very quickly in a rally like this so if you don't have the 25 cruise VuBw2OXQfSQ-00039-00024648-00025312 damage you are severely missing out we also had uh wu zetian's support skill now this is interesting VuBw2OXQfSQ-00040-00025312-00025920 right because you know obviously attila is immune to silence so that part of this support skill is VuBw2OXQfSQ-00041-00025920-00026560 non-functional we did get uh 20 of stats here we got the defense we got the health very important VuBw2OXQfSQ-00042-00026560-00027064 um we also were trying things like charles martell support skill which is good if you're getting VuBw2OXQfSQ-00043-00027064-00027592 swarmed but in this instance we weren't so we decided martel skill wasn't going to be great VuBw2OXQfSQ-00044-00027592-00028024 obviously we would have loved to use the yss skill which they had on their rally VuBw2OXQfSQ-00045-00028024-00028424 but you can't use it because we had yss in the garrison now you could have made the argument VuBw2OXQfSQ-00046-00028424-00028856 that joan of arc's support skill would have been better here i'm not really sure but what i can VuBw2OXQfSQ-00047-00028856-00029568 say is that we lasted nine hours with this so it's actually insane i'm shocked that i could even open VuBw2OXQfSQ-00048-00029568-00030288 the the battle log okay that is actually insane if we take a look here the art our side has a 43 VuBw2OXQfSQ-00049-00030288-00031120 attack 39 defense three percent troop health 26 all damage whereas they had 45 all damage so crazy VuBw2OXQfSQ-00050-00031120-00031768 stuff there oh my god okay so we're taking 15 less skill damage 15 less normal attack damage that's VuBw2OXQfSQ-00051-00031768-00032432 important stuff we have eight percent counter attack damage but guys this is just i mean how VuBw2OXQfSQ-00052-00032432-00032952 i this is like gonna crash the game if i if i try to scroll through this it's just impossible i i'm VuBw2OXQfSQ-00053-00032952-00033352 not even gonna try okay but the thing about this screenshot right and you may have even seen this VuBw2OXQfSQ-00054-00033352-00033856 screenshot floating around uh in the community is that it doesn't paint the whole picture okay VuBw2OXQfSQ-00055-00033856-00034640 because yss has aoe which is i mean guys we can go through this and you can decide for yourself VuBw2OXQfSQ-00056-00034640-00035264 who the actual winner of this rally was i would say that the deads were probably pretty even VuBw2OXQfSQ-00057-00035320-00036056 on top of the fact that we had pretty much every like fit 10 or 15 minutes we had a counter rally VuBw2OXQfSQ-00058-00036056-00036568 hitting the uh hitting the rally right and i'm just gonna show you some of these counter rallies VuBw2OXQfSQ-00059-00036568-00037136 but this is a pretty good indication of what virtually every counter rally looked like so VuBw2OXQfSQ-00060-00037136-00037768 we had Xiang Yu with nevsky and the benefit here is that Xiang Yu has additional aoe so not only VuBw2OXQfSQ-00061-00037768-00038376 does yss have aoe for the past but we have Xiang Yu's aoe to sort of get people away from the field VuBw2OXQfSQ-00062-00038376-00038872 get people away from the pass itself and as you can see here we obviously took more deads but VuBw2OXQfSQ-00063-00038872-00039392 it was almost a three to one trade when it comes to filling the hospital and then on top of that VuBw2OXQfSQ-00064-00039392-00039952 you have all of the additional aoe damage hitting the people in the open field and guys like i said VuBw2OXQfSQ-00065-00039952-00040520 this is i mean here we have over more than about a two to one trade for severely wounded units VuBw2OXQfSQ-00066-00040520-00041072 here we can see what was this one this was a basically a three to one trade and this is like VuBw2OXQfSQ-00067-00041072-00041560 literally these are just the ones that i was in but these counter rallies continued after i went VuBw2OXQfSQ-00068-00041560-00041992 to bed this was another one that was like a three to one trade for the counter rallies and again VuBw2OXQfSQ-00069-00041992-00042472 every single one of these counter rallies had some form of aoe damage hitting people in the open VuBw2OXQfSQ-00070-00042472-00043080 field the counter rallies on this were absolutely insane look at this another three to one trade VuBw2OXQfSQ-00071-00043080-00043560 it's just tommy came in with his this was another two to one trade for severely wounded units VuBw2OXQfSQ-00072-00043560-00044192 like the entire time that this nine hour rally was going on we had counter rallies hitting it VuBw2OXQfSQ-00073-00044192-00045000 was absolutely insane so when you factor in all of the counter rallies for the entire nine hours okay VuBw2OXQfSQ-00074-00045000-00045520 uh that this that this past defense was going on i think looking at this screenshot does not VuBw2OXQfSQ-00075-00045520-00046040 give you the full picture when again we're taking two to one or three to one trades on every single VuBw2OXQfSQ-00076-00046040-00046672 counter rally every 10 or 15 minutes or so uh and again we could scroll through this together and i VuBw2OXQfSQ-00077-00046672-00047264 don't think we could possibly hit the bottom right like this is this is one of the longest reports in VuBw2OXQfSQ-00078-00047264-00047736 in rise of kingdom's history like there's just no doubt about it if this isn't the number one VuBw2OXQfSQ-00079-00047736-00048272 longest running single rally in the entire game i mean look at this oh my god then this is it's VuBw2OXQfSQ-00080-00048272-00048872 gotta be top five easily top ten uh and again it's it's hard for me to say because rise of kingdoms VuBw2OXQfSQ-00081-00048872-00049440 is a global game you know this game is it played like oh my god a million power loss just on this VuBw2OXQfSQ-00082-00049440-00049968 one army dude uh this game is played around the world right so a lot of times you may have passes VuBw2OXQfSQ-00083-00049968-00050464 or you may have reports like this that are insane that only float around in the korean community or VuBw2OXQfSQ-00084-00050464-00050912 you know there's just so many different languages uh language barriers and things like that so you VuBw2OXQfSQ-00085-00050912-00051408 know i can't say for sure that this is the longest rally ever but nine hours is the longest that i've VuBw2OXQfSQ-00086-00051408-00051991 ever seen it's the longest that my friends have ever seen um and it's guys i mean we can scroll VuBw2OXQfSQ-00087-00051991-00052544 again we could scroll forever and you can see here just how many people got hit by the aoe people who VuBw2OXQfSQ-00088-00052544-00053120 accidentally collided with the pass i mean when you have a rally like this it's just impossible to VuBw2OXQfSQ-00089-00053120-00053736 understand what's what's going on like it's just so much chaos for such a long time and again i VuBw2OXQfSQ-00090-00053736-00054144 i mean i i don't even know we're not even halfway through this okay i don't even know VuBw2OXQfSQ-00091-00054144-00054624 how long i have to scroll but i think you get the point where you know some of these obviously 7 VuBw2OXQfSQ-00092-00054624-00055128 000 power not a big deal uh but then you have like almost a million power loss here so when VuBw2OXQfSQ-00093-00055128-00055664 you add up all of the aoe damage from yss on top of all of the counter rallies that we did VuBw2OXQfSQ-00094-00055664-00056367 that traded just like i showed you before i mean this was at the very least uh an even trade if not VuBw2OXQfSQ-00095-00056367-00056912 in favor for us now this was another one of the uh of the counter rallies this obviously was a VuBw2OXQfSQ-00096-00056912-00057272 different rally and we're gonna get into sort of what happened uh at the end of this because VuBw2OXQfSQ-00097-00057272-00057800 obviously we defended the past this is a victory for us um so you know obviously this is this is VuBw2OXQfSQ-00098-00057800-00058312 our victory but eventually a little spoiler the the past did fall at some point now let's go VuBw2OXQfSQ-00099-00058312-00058728 ahead and take a look because this just happened like this literally happened like two hours ago VuBw2OXQfSQ-00100-00058728-00059176 um let's go ahead and take a look at the map here and i will show you guys sort of what's going on VuBw2OXQfSQ-00101-00059176-00059736 in my kvk right now so this is the pass in question okay this is basically where all VuBw2OXQfSQ-00102-00059736-00060160 the fighting was going down and you can see here there's still a ton of presence uh we basically VuBw2OXQfSQ-00103-00060160-00060688 cleared away from the field once the pass fell now basically the whole point of holding the pass was VuBw2OXQfSQ-00104-00060688-00061191 to make sure that we could build this fort right here we wanted to we had lost uh we had lost some VuBw2OXQfSQ-00105-00061191-00061791 ground we wanted to just drop a fort and secure this path so that way we could stay uh and hold VuBw2OXQfSQ-00106-00061791-00062312 here for kingsland right kingsland is opening very very soon and there it is the bundle literally VuBw2OXQfSQ-00107-00062312-00062848 just popped up okay so kingsland is literally in just a few hours and so we wanted to make sure VuBw2OXQfSQ-00108-00062848-00063360 that the enemy couldn't push through past seven and start to really give us trouble in this zone VuBw2OXQfSQ-00109-00063360-00063872 so we wanted to hold the pass the benefit of the zenobia yss for us and i think one of the reasons VuBw2OXQfSQ-00110-00063872-00064472 that we were able to keep this going for so long was that we could put anything in the past right VuBw2OXQfSQ-00111-00064472-00065055 this was a mixed garrison we didn't use any siege by the way okay the markers clearly indicated that VuBw2OXQfSQ-00112-00065055-00065624 we should not use any siege so these are real units these are all infantry archers cavalry VuBw2OXQfSQ-00113-00065624-00066096 but for us we could put any of those three units into the past and it was pretty effective VuBw2OXQfSQ-00114-00066096-00066472 for the enemy they basically had to use cavalry there was really nothing you could do when you VuBw2OXQfSQ-00115-00066472-00067032 have Attila Nevsky you got to use cavalry so for us it was a lot easier to defend so i don't know VuBw2OXQfSQ-00116-00067032-00067568 how many like after this ended obviously the enemy started rallying with archers i'm pretty sure VuBw2OXQfSQ-00117-00067568-00068216 the entire coalition on the enemy team is out of cavs like i i mean a nine-hour rally boys i mean a VuBw2OXQfSQ-00118-00068216-00068584 nine-hour rally how do you how does the kingdom even have any calves left by the end of that VuBw2OXQfSQ-00119-00068584-00069016 that's what i wanted to know and that's why i did not expect this rally to go on for so long i mean VuBw2OXQfSQ-00120-00069016-00069472 it's just how do you have how do you have nine hours worth of cavalry reinforcement it's actually VuBw2OXQfSQ-00121-00069472-00069992 insane now before we take a look at some footage okay just so you have an idea this was my hall of VuBw2OXQfSQ-00122-00069992-00070552 heroes uh before the rally basically if you guys don't know the hall of heroes doesn't update until VuBw2OXQfSQ-00123-00070552-00071072 the rally or garrison that you're in is over right because it's not done calculating how many troops VuBw2OXQfSQ-00124-00071072-00071632 that you lost so before i went to bed even though i was already in the past for like three hours VuBw2OXQfSQ-00125-00071632-00072232 this is basically the troops that i had before this nine hour pass defense started i want you VuBw2OXQfSQ-00126-00072232-00072776 guys to comment down below how many dead tier five inventory do you think i had when this VuBw2OXQfSQ-00127-00072776-00073320 rally report was over comment down below i want to see what you guys think okay so i do apologize for VuBw2OXQfSQ-00128-00073320-00073848 the aspect ratio of this video but i was filming it in bed on my iphone but i'm just gonna pause VuBw2OXQfSQ-00129-00073848-00074424 it here for a second okay you can see the attila rally down here you can also see nearby the enemy VuBw2OXQfSQ-00130-00074424-00075024 was strategically fighting each other so that way they would get a joan of arc buff they also had VuBw2OXQfSQ-00131-00075024-00075584 trajan and they had constantine was in here as well so they actually had a really big VuBw2OXQfSQ-00132-00075584-00076160 advantage when it came to buffing their own army now the thing with us is when you're in the past VuBw2OXQfSQ-00133-00076160-00076664 um and and correct me if i'm wrong but i don't believe there's a way to get a joan of arc buff VuBw2OXQfSQ-00134-00076664-00077336 or a a constantine buff onto the pass because that affects armies nearby they did have a joan VuBw2OXQfSQ-00135-00077336-00077872 of arc and a constantine pretty much going up the entire time which definitely you know if it was VuBw2OXQfSQ-00136-00077872-00078360 effective um it was definitely not good for us because that is not something that we could have VuBw2OXQfSQ-00137-00078360-00078840 uh replicated we could not have had that same advantage uh but as you can see here i have a VuBw2OXQfSQ-00138-00078840-00079360 bunch of armies in the past and this was basically uh the whole situation for the entire evening VuBw2OXQfSQ-00139-00079360-00079760 when i was when this rally first started now um you could also see they had a little bit of a VuBw2OXQfSQ-00140-00079760-00080168 cleopatra right there which does some does some healing as well and if you take a look at the VuBw2OXQfSQ-00141-00080168-00080736 report you will see that there was some healing on the uh the attila nevsky rally so as you can see VuBw2OXQfSQ-00142-00080736-00081200 here i'm just kind of looking at my army seeing what my um i might buy the newspaper tomorrow if VuBw2OXQfSQ-00143-00081200-00081632 i can afford it uh i was looking at my armies basically what our strategy was at that point VuBw2OXQfSQ-00144-00081632-00082288 uh was to refresh your troops under 20k so when the troops when when went below 20 000 that's what VuBw2OXQfSQ-00145-00082288-00082712 you can see the marker here that's when we would remove our army and the reason for this obviously VuBw2OXQfSQ-00146-00082712-00083080 if you're new to the game you don't understand this um the past can only have i think up to a VuBw2OXQfSQ-00147-00083080-00083600 hundred people in the past at a single time even if there's space available you can only have up to VuBw2OXQfSQ-00148-00083600-00084128 100 armies in that path so if your army has only a small amount of troops left you're actually VuBw2OXQfSQ-00149-00084128-00084584 just taking up space because once you hit that cap people can't reinforce it even if there's even if VuBw2OXQfSQ-00150-00084584-00085048 it looks like there's space available so when our troops went under 20 we would you know retreat and VuBw2OXQfSQ-00151-00085048-00085432 then refresh and come back and that was basically the strategy for the whole time and you can see VuBw2OXQfSQ-00152-00085432-00086008 here 326 utc so this rally had already been going for about an hour and a half at this point i want VuBw2OXQfSQ-00153-00086008-00086632 to say for the record i had about 88 million power when this rally started uh and i will give you a VuBw2OXQfSQ-00154-00086632-00087184 little plot twist i'm under 80 million at this point so i lost uh plus like 8 million power from VuBw2OXQfSQ-00155-00087184-00087584 a single rally no big deal no big deal but we can kind of we can kind of skim through this this is VuBw2OXQfSQ-00156-00087584-00088048 basically the whole strategy this is basically all we were doing i was just checking to see VuBw2OXQfSQ-00157-00088048-00088440 if i could join the pass and that's pretty much it we would launch counter rallies periodically VuBw2OXQfSQ-00158-00088440-00088904 if we take a look at this uh at this fort here we had about five minutes left at this point VuBw2OXQfSQ-00159-00088904-00089320 um and so at this point we were pretty confident that like hey this is gonna be fine the fort's VuBw2OXQfSQ-00160-00089320-00089816 gonna be built uh and then we'll be we'll be good to go for when kingsland actually does open you VuBw2OXQfSQ-00161-00089816-00090248 can see the counter rally coming in here coming in hot look good looking looking good looking real VuBw2OXQfSQ-00162-00090248-00090840 good and there it is that is the attila counter rally coming in coming in hot baby uh and you can VuBw2OXQfSQ-00163-00090840-00091416 see i i threw my my nevsky in there just to sort of support i basically used all tier five in the VuBw2OXQfSQ-00164-00091416-00091832 evening and then when i woke up today i was like okay i gotta use like some tier four because this VuBw2OXQfSQ-00165-00091832-00092296 is just this is just ridiculous right um and you can see here that we were trying to swarm it down VuBw2OXQfSQ-00166-00092296-00092720 uh but the the strategy for swarming it down the reason look at that that's that's sick right there VuBw2OXQfSQ-00167-00092720-00093224 that's that's two attila's colliding um the reason that we didn't try harder to swarm this rally down VuBw2OXQfSQ-00168-00093224-00093784 right because remember attila is pretty nasty to swarm but he doesn't have takeda behind him right VuBw2OXQfSQ-00169-00093784-00094296 there's really no like takeda is a big part of the anti-swarm because it's very punishing when it VuBw2OXQfSQ-00170-00094296-00094704 comes to normal attack and counter-attack damage uh but here we have nevsky right which does a ton VuBw2OXQfSQ-00171-00094704-00095136 of single target damage with that skill shot and of course he's a bit tanky and there's a you know VuBw2OXQfSQ-00172-00095136-00095552 a lot to love about nevsky i'm not saying anything against him for sure but but what i am saying is VuBw2OXQfSQ-00173-00095552-00095960 that you know it would be probably easier to swarm this rally down than it would be to swarm down VuBw2OXQfSQ-00174-00095960-00096424 an attila cicada for example at least maybe from the trades perspective it's hard to say obviously VuBw2OXQfSQ-00175-00096424-00097000 Attila Nevsky is insane but what the reason that we didn't try super hard was a this was happening VuBw2OXQfSQ-00176-00097000-00097440 at night time right so a lot of what you see here are like farm accounts and things like that VuBw2OXQfSQ-00177-00097440-00097832 so even though we had a ton of field presence it wasn't like we could guarantee that we could clear VuBw2OXQfSQ-00178-00097832-00098384 the field if we pushed through and on top of that the reason that we lost the pass the first time VuBw2OXQfSQ-00179-00098384-00098944 was because we made a big push and we did try to swarm that rally and unfortunately that is VuBw2OXQfSQ-00180-00098944-00099336 what made us lose the pass because when you have everybody focused on field fighting you don't VuBw2OXQfSQ-00181-00099336-00099944 have as many people reinforcing that pass and keeping the pass was the number one priority we VuBw2OXQfSQ-00182-00099944-00100384 didn't care about pushing them out we didn't care about extending into their zone we just VuBw2OXQfSQ-00183-00100384-00100800 wanted to make sure we held the past long enough to get our forts down so that way we could 100 VuBw2OXQfSQ-00184-00100800-00101504 secure our entry into kingsland and uh for us it actually did work out now here we're at 432 VuBw2OXQfSQ-00185-00101504-00102032 utc so this is a little bit uh later down the line and that pass is still going uh now as you VuBw2OXQfSQ-00186-00102032-00102504 can see here we do have some of the qv's are absolutely insane okay they're just absolutely VuBw2OXQfSQ-00187-00102504-00103152 ridiculous pushing through just it this entire experience was just absolutely uh like nothing VuBw2OXQfSQ-00188-00103152-00103576 i've ever been a part of before obviously this is not the first time that there's been insane VuBw2OXQfSQ-00189-00103576-00104168 uh past defenses right uh but this certainly was uh one for the rise of kingdoms history books and VuBw2OXQfSQ-00190-00104168-00104544 here we have a Xiang Yu counter rally this was definitely a little bit more effective i think VuBw2OXQfSQ-00191-00104544-00104959 than the attila counter rally uh and this is where we started to get a lot of that aoe value VuBw2OXQfSQ-00192-00104959-00105472 from the counter rallies themselves now after the nine hour rally ended the enemy started rallying VuBw2OXQfSQ-00193-00105472-00106088 with gilga and henry as well as boudicca rallies okay and that's what we're looking at here and i VuBw2OXQfSQ-00194-00106088-00106624 just want to point out really quick your boy lost a lot of power here okay but the archer rallies VuBw2OXQfSQ-00195-00106624-00107224 are where we started to slip up a bit defending against the cavalry was not too difficult i mean VuBw2OXQfSQ-00196-00107224-00107832 obviously you saw the trade but the archers hurt like a [__] okay they hurt like a [__] it's VuBw2OXQfSQ-00197-00107832-00108535 no surprise but one thing that we did find was that if we could count a rally with xy and nevsky VuBw2OXQfSQ-00198-00108535-00108911 we actually could get pretty good trades against the archers right that's one of the things about VuBw2OXQfSQ-00199-00108911-00109568 countering gilgamesh right is that it's just you can really do heavy damage with a high dps cavalry VuBw2OXQfSQ-00200-00109568-00110072 march and that's what we went ahead and and chose to do now here you can see here the counter rally VuBw2OXQfSQ-00201-00110072-00110632 was able to uh to defeat the gilgamesh henry um the report was not great and then eventually VuBw2OXQfSQ-00202-00110632-00111240 the pass was taken from a double rally now this is where we actually used Jadwiga as you can see here VuBw2OXQfSQ-00203-00111240-00111800 we really were getting melted and i was stuffing troops into the past to see if we could hold on VuBw2OXQfSQ-00204-00111800-00112264 if we had a better garrison we could put in uh or if this was actually going to be the end of it and VuBw2OXQfSQ-00205-00112264-00112856 unfortunately um this double rally did seem to do the trick uh there's just so much single target VuBw2OXQfSQ-00206-00112856-00113376 archer dps coming out of these coming out of these armies that it's just like it's almost impossible VuBw2OXQfSQ-00207-00113376-00113944 for uh you know for for us to defend against this at this point especially again after a nine hour VuBw2OXQfSQ-00208-00113944-00114416 rally like oh my god it was actually insane now one of the things that i thought was interesting VuBw2OXQfSQ-00209-00114416-00114856 is that they didn't double rally before this right that's that's one thing that i noticed um and it VuBw2OXQfSQ-00210-00114856-00115320 seemed like it was sort of like a gentleman's agreement right like we're not going to swarm VuBw2OXQfSQ-00211-00115320-00115888 down your your your rally we're not going to push the field and uh they're not double rallying in VuBw2OXQfSQ-00212-00115888-00116344 exchange right and we just wanted to see like who's gonna be the victor of this nine hour rally VuBw2OXQfSQ-00213-00116344-00116759 that was sort of uh what we were looking to find out right that that's that's what it felt like VuBw2OXQfSQ-00214-00116759-00117200 from from my end uh here we could see people asking to see if we can swarm down obviously VuBw2OXQfSQ-00215-00117200-00117864 swarming on henry is not a great strategy but hey at this point we were taking so much damage it was VuBw2OXQfSQ-00216-00117864-00118296 actually ridiculous now we did end up as you can see i jump ahead a little bit we switched back to VuBw2OXQfSQ-00217-00118296-00118768 zenobia um that seemed to be a little bit better and we really were just holding out to see if we VuBw2OXQfSQ-00218-00118768-00119383 could get that counter rally that xy to just deal damage and just break one of them like taking two VuBw2OXQfSQ-00219-00119383-00119856 was insane but if we could break one that would be that would be good right that was kind of what VuBw2OXQfSQ-00220-00119856-00120264 we were hoping um but at this point we kind of knew like okay there's there's no way like VuBw2OXQfSQ-00221-00120264-00120704 we we are not going to hold this pass for much longer because taking double rallies like this VuBw2OXQfSQ-00222-00120704-00121192 is just too expensive and there's no reason to right the whole point was to last until kingsland VuBw2OXQfSQ-00223-00121192-00121640 we were able to do that so why would we continue to take these uh these negative trades VuBw2OXQfSQ-00224-00121640-00122176 uh and that's that's pretty much it so as you can see here tons of sad faces are leaving tons VuBw2OXQfSQ-00225-00122176-00122880 of sad faces are breaking uh and that was it the pass did end up falling their double rally was VuBw2OXQfSQ-00226-00122880-00123408 successful now here you can see we had a salad and garrison for like one second when they switched VuBw2OXQfSQ-00227-00123408-00124111 from Jadwiga to um to zenobia so this was not uh this was not actually saladin this was i believe VuBw2OXQfSQ-00228-00124111-00124576 the report from Jadwiga herself so you could see the trade here was not very good with the boudicca VuBw2OXQfSQ-00229-00124576-00125032 henry rally so definitely not something we wanted to uh keep trying and again obviously we lost the VuBw2OXQfSQ-00230-00125032-00125464 past there's no way we could try it again but here like dude it was just nasty it was just a VuBw2OXQfSQ-00231-00125464-00125968 nasty nasty double rally so much damage coming out of those two armies combined it's just it VuBw2OXQfSQ-00232-00125968-00126552 was ridiculous and the gilgamesh you know sort of hurting the healing on zenobia um was was a good VuBw2OXQfSQ-00233-00126552-00126983 strategy on their part for sure and then we sort of braced ourselves for the open field fighting VuBw2OXQfSQ-00234-00126983-00127520 um but we quickly realized like we were in no position to to again open field defend and also it VuBw2OXQfSQ-00235-00127520-00128008 didn't really matter we didn't really care to open field defend we also i immediately got pretty much VuBw2OXQfSQ-00236-00128008-00128535 everyone in this past rally got a fate changer to my knowledge okay it was just everyone put so much VuBw2OXQfSQ-00237-00128535-00129064 on the line that it triggered fate changer for basically everybody and this was my hall of heroes VuBw2OXQfSQ-00238-00129064-00129872 after the nine hour pass rally you can see 1.1 million dead t5 infantry you can see i started VuBw2OXQfSQ-00239-00129872-00130592 to use a little bit of t4 here when i woke up this morning we have 256 000 dead tier 5 cavs VuBw2OXQfSQ-00240-00130592-00131288 217 000 dead tier 5 archers and look this is this is the state of kvk okay this is the VuBw2OXQfSQ-00241-00131288-00131872 power-up blockade feature okay they own the pass uh and their rally can't go anywhere because the VuBw2OXQfSQ-00242-00131872-00132288 because we just there's just two there's just two guys just chilling right in front of it VuBw2OXQfSQ-00243-00132288-00132760 completely blocking the rally and now we're gonna counter rally it and uh it's gonna be it's gonna VuBw2OXQfSQ-00244-00132760-00133208 be insane like this is this is one of the things about the blockade feature that makes no sense to VuBw2OXQfSQ-00245-00133208-00133896 me and i just think is so stupid like it's so dumb how do you have a whole rally three million units VuBw2OXQfSQ-00246-00133896-00134344 are blocked by a freaking Nevsky with a bunch of his buddies right they just canceled it and now VuBw2OXQfSQ-00247-00134344-00134720 look they can't go anywhere where are they going to go it's filled with a bunch of cao caos and VuBw2OXQfSQ-00248-00134720-00135144 things that that can't take any damage canceling is actually probably not a good idea because now VuBw2OXQfSQ-00249-00135144-00135440 they're going to have to fight all on their own and look this guy got away from the blockade right VuBw2OXQfSQ-00250-00135440-00135744 and that's the reason why they were surrounding it because they knew that they could blockade some of VuBw2OXQfSQ-00251-00135744-00136320 these people in uh but it's just it's just dirty man it's just nasty like the blockade feature not VuBw2OXQfSQ-00252-00136320-00136848 great um i've come to realize that it's probably not gonna be something that uh that lilith should VuBw2OXQfSQ-00253-00136848-00137344 continue implementing like player collision in a game mode like this just makes absolutely no sense VuBw2OXQfSQ-00254-00137344-00137864 like it's so chaotic already and the fact that you can't move is just dumb like these guys were VuBw2OXQfSQ-00255-00137864-00138256 doomed to die like there's nothing they could have done about it right and they couldn't have done VuBw2OXQfSQ-00256-00138256-00138696 anything about the rally either it was stuck like once you launch it you can't like turn around or VuBw2OXQfSQ-00257-00138696-00139176 all you can do is disband it and force everyone to take their uh take their sub wounds right so yeah VuBw2OXQfSQ-00258-00139176-00139704 that's kind of the state of the past right now now if we take a look obviously my power is 77 million VuBw2OXQfSQ-00259-00139704-00140240 um i do have i got like 40 million kill points from that which is like absolutely insane and of VuBw2OXQfSQ-00260-00140240-00141104 course we made it in the newspaper for this rally with 325 million deads and sev wounds combined VuBw2OXQfSQ-00261-00141104-00141792 this is uh this is insane this is actually insane now i know a lot of you guys like to goof around VuBw2OXQfSQ-00262-00141792-00142240 about the whole kill points thing okay the uh Omniarch doesn't actually fight and rise of VuBw2OXQfSQ-00263-00142240-00142848 kingdoms look man if you're gatekeeping fun in a mobile game you're just a dork bro oh you need 1 VuBw2OXQfSQ-00264-00142848-00143288 billion kill points otherwise you're you're a new all you need two dude you need two billion VuBw2OXQfSQ-00265-00143288-00143760 kill points otherwise you're garbage you're being a nerd okay it's weird it's a mobile game relax VuBw2OXQfSQ-00266-00143760-00144248 but let it be known okay i'm okay with losing 10 million power on a single pass just for fun okay VuBw2OXQfSQ-00267-00144248-00144672 that's just how it is if it's a good time if it's a good trade i have no problem stuffing it full VuBw2OXQfSQ-00268-00144672-00145136 of t5s it doesn't matter to me i'll zero myself there it's cool luckily for me i didn't have to VuBw2OXQfSQ-00269-00145136-00145424 because now we're gonna get to go into kingsland and i'm actually gonna have some troops left which VuBw2OXQfSQ-00270-00145424-00145928 is which is sick anyway guys i just wanted to take this moment to shout out my alliance shout out my VuBw2OXQfSQ-00271-00145928-00146336 kingdom shout out to the coalition okay shout out to everybody involved and also VuBw2OXQfSQ-00272-00146336-00146840 shout out to the enemies here okay shout out to vest i've heard this guy as a savage so i'm sure VuBw2OXQfSQ-00273-00146840-00147304 some of you guys already know about them uh but shout out to jt31 shout out to uh everyone who was VuBw2OXQfSQ-00274-00147304-00147784 involved here obviously you know we're at war this is not over kingsland is coming up in a few hours VuBw2OXQfSQ-00275-00147784-00148368 um but you know just the fact that we were able to have such an insane exchange um makes you really VuBw2OXQfSQ-00276-00148368-00149008 have some respect for the enemy team as well right regardless of of how much toxicity is in lost VuBw2OXQfSQ-00277-00149008-00149560 kingdom chat or whatever the case might be this is history that we made and it's only possible when VuBw2OXQfSQ-00278-00149560-00150144 you have a strong enemy and a strong alliance so huge shout out to uh to my alliance and everybody VuBw2OXQfSQ-00279-00150144-00150544 involved here for sure if you enjoyed this video drop a thumbs up on it you made it all the way to VuBw2OXQfSQ-00280-00150544-00150880 the end you might as well drop a thumbs up on it while you're here also subscribe to the channel VuBw2OXQfSQ-00281-00150880-00151208 if you're new and click that bell to be notified the next time that i upload a Rise of kingdom's VuBw2OXQfSQ-00282-00151208-00151632 video what do you guys think about this rally is this the longest running single rally you've ever VuBw2OXQfSQ-00283-00151632-00151920 seen i would love to hear from you guys in the comments section below and with that being said VuBw2OXQfSQ-00284-00151920-00152336 guys thank you so much for watching this has been Omniarch i will talk to you guys again soon peace Vxm7ALsYA9c-00000-00000141-00000420 Have you finalised casting yet ? Vxm7ALsYA9c-00001-00000420-00000783 Yes! Yes, yes, yes, yes! Excellent! Vxm7ALsYA9c-00002-00000813-00001018 It’s a new way to work and Vxm7ALsYA9c-00003-00001018-00001697 maybe it’s less personal, or less authentic, Vxm7ALsYA9c-00004-00001697-00001869 but it's not real because Vxm7ALsYA9c-00005-00001869-00002405 you are meeting with other people in their houses Vxm7ALsYA9c-00006-00002405-00002813 with their posters, with their pets Vxm7ALsYA9c-00007-00002813-00003087 more personal than that, sorry ? Vxm7ALsYA9c-00008-00003997-00004281 I think that it’s really challenging to keep all the time Vxm7ALsYA9c-00009-00004281-00004705 all the people involved informed about the process and everything. Vxm7ALsYA9c-00010-00004705-00005006 And it was working most of all with Louise. Vxm7ALsYA9c-00011-00005006-00005610 Sometimes with Eric to understand the shooting plan. What was best for lighting... Vxm7ALsYA9c-00012-00005610-00005815 and what was best also for the actresses Vxm7ALsYA9c-00013-00005815-00006347 because we tried to maintain the chronological order. Vxm7ALsYA9c-00014-00006892-00007166 That's exposure check! Vxm7ALsYA9c-00015-00007166-00007760 So, Louise, that's kind of the position. Receptionist is there... Vxm7ALsYA9c-00016-00007760-00008068 In terms of understanding the story, Vxm7ALsYA9c-00017-00008068-00008755 and how to tell the story visually, in terms of the mood, the emotion and with lighting and with framing. Vxm7ALsYA9c-00018-00008807-00009420 We did a quick prep review of the camera material with Eric. Vxm7ALsYA9c-00019-00009420-00010049 I like to have my bag full of equipment that will be needed on set. Vxm7ALsYA9c-00020-00010049-00010606 All the technical knowledge is just there to help further the story. Vxm7ALsYA9c-00021-00010606-00010799 Ultimately, story is number one. Vxm7ALsYA9c-00022-00010799-00011062 It's nice to maybe, like, have a moment of realization Vxm7ALsYA9c-00023-00011062-00011453 and then have your face up. - You want me to show it up? Vxm7ALsYA9c-00024-00011453-00011871 Kind of like, wtf ?? Just that split second. Vxm7ALsYA9c-00025-00011871-00012440 You know what I mean? That moment of reali-- Then I can see you well too. Because the last one is kind of-- Yeah. Vxm7ALsYA9c-00026-00012440-00012723 and then you're like what is this ? So I don't really register the... Vxm7ALsYA9c-00027-00012723-00013093 - The worry face - The emotions and everything Vxm7ALsYA9c-00028-00013093-00013453 - So as soon as she moves, as soon as she turns, focus! - I pull. Vxm7ALsYA9c-00029-00014514-00014758 Espera! Qué es esto? Quién es Alma Miller? Vxm7ALsYA9c-00030-00014796-00015411 Luego nuestra producción se encontro con algunos contratiempos y problemas porque Vxm7ALsYA9c-00031-00015411-00016208 nuestra, una de nuestras actrices tuvo que irse a Irlanda a filmar una nueva serie para Apple TV. Vxm7ALsYA9c-00032-00016208-00016585 Tomamos la decisión de cambiar el casting. Vxm7ALsYA9c-00033-00016609-00016979 Creo que soy el último miembro en sumarse. Vxm7ALsYA9c-00034-00017154-00017452 Entonces fue como, sabes, muy de último momento. Vxm7ALsYA9c-00035-00017452-00017881 Entonces simplemente me enviaron el guion. Y yo estaba como... Vxm7ALsYA9c-00036-00017881-00018259 Entonces, ahí es donde su relación es muy diferente. Vxm7ALsYA9c-00037-00018259-00018570 becuase you do know each other... Somewhat Vxm7ALsYA9c-00038-00018600-00018846 Ok, we’re just gonna rehearse on zoom for example Vxm7ALsYA9c-00039-00018846-00019289 which was like the first time that I’ve ever done that. So that was a little scary. Vxm7ALsYA9c-00040-00019289-00019741 Which at the beginning I thought that'd be really... that makes things tougher Vxm7ALsYA9c-00041-00019741-00020181 because you cannot really, you know, read the eyes of the other person. Vxm7ALsYA9c-00042-00020181-00020593 It’s the first time I’m doing this so that’s already a challenge Vxm7ALsYA9c-00043-00020593-00020929 and then the fact that we had to do everything remotely... Vxm7ALsYA9c-00044-00020929-00021462 But we did spend a lot of time on building relationships between characters but also with the director, with Louise Vxm7ALsYA9c-00045-00021462-00022155 - Do you guys have any comments or questions or feelings about this, Vxm7ALsYA9c-00046-00022155-00022286 what you just read ? Vxm7ALsYA9c-00047-00022286-00022646 Louise made that very very easy for us. Vxm7ALsYA9c-00048-00022646-00023147 She was very aware of that and it felt right. Vxm7ALsYA9c-00049-00023147-00023679 As a director if you can you should always try to rehearse as much as possible. Vxm7ALsYA9c-00050-00023679-00023931 I mean really talk backstory Vxm7ALsYA9c-00051-00023931-00024472 and get everyone on the same page and get them to develop this relationship Vxm7ALsYA9c-00052-00024472-00024853 so we’ve been doing a lot of different rehearsal sessions. Vxm7ALsYA9c-00053-00024853-00025376 - Good morning Belén, how are you today ? - Good morning, I'm ok and you ? Vxm7ALsYA9c-00054-00025446-00025985 I worked, well first of all, researching and watching different movies. Vxm7ALsYA9c-00055-00025985-00026411 And also working actually from the body and from the movement. Vxm7ALsYA9c-00056-00026411-00026933 And trying to see how would she stand, how would she move her head or her eyes, Vxm7ALsYA9c-00057-00026933-00027477 the way she would speak and then kind of start bringing the soul into her. Vxm7ALsYA9c-00058-00027477-00027848 Obviously you’ve got to find some sort of connection. Vxm7ALsYA9c-00059-00027848-00028333 So you know the emotion, you know the situation, not just the emotion but the feeling. Vxm7ALsYA9c-00060-00028333-00029082 And then I try to deepen myself to connect in a way with that. VyytQxnn0SU-00000-00000000-00000500 All right, so this is First and Second Peter: A message for todays church from Peter the Apostle. VyytQxnn0SU-00001-00000500-00000930 This is lesson number one in that series. VyytQxnn0SU-00002-00000930-00001598 The title of this particular lesson "The Meaning of Grace: Part One". VyytQxnn0SU-00003-00001600-00002076 And as far as the text is concerned today we're going to cover first Peter chapter one VyytQxnn0SU-00004-00002076-00002660 verses one to 12, so you can be taking your Bibles and looking at that. VyytQxnn0SU-00005-00002660-00003100 Before we look at the text of First and Second Peter I'd like to VyytQxnn0SU-00006-00003100-00003397 provide a little bit of information about Peter the Apostle himself. VyytQxnn0SU-00007-00003397-00003778 Of all the Apostles we probably know the most about him. VyytQxnn0SU-00008-00003778-00004000 And then after this introductory VyytQxnn0SU-00009-00004000-00004500 material we'll examine the main theme of the first letter which is VyytQxnn0SU-00010-00004500-00005170 the true meaning and power of God's grace in Christ, in Christ Jesus. VyytQxnn0SU-00011-00005170-00005440 So Peter is unique actually among the VyytQxnn0SU-00012-00005440-00006000 Apostles because he had a diverse life for a man of humble origins. VyytQxnn0SU-00013-00006000-00006500 There were four important phases to his life. The first was Peter VyytQxnn0SU-00014-00006500-00007000 as the successful fisherman. He lived in Capernaum where Jesus VyytQxnn0SU-00015-00007000-00007500 also lived as an adult. We know that from Mark 1:21. He and his VyytQxnn0SU-00016-00007500-00008000 brother Andrew had a fishing business together he was married he had children. VyytQxnn0SU-00017-00008000-00008500 We know this because he served as an elder, I Peter 5:1, VyytQxnn0SU-00018-00008500-00008998 and his mother in law lived with him which was not unusual for that time. VyytQxnn0SU-00019-00009000-00009400 Families lived together, extended families. VyytQxnn0SU-00020-00009500-00010102 Also, he was Peter the successful fisherman, he was Peter the disciple of Jesus. VyytQxnn0SU-00021-00010102-00010580 Peter knew Jesus because they lived in the same town, VyytQxnn0SU-00022-00010580-00010900 and was introduced by his brother, VyytQxnn0SU-00023-00010902-00011440 Andrew, to Jesus. And his brother Andrew was a disciple of John the Baptist. VyytQxnn0SU-00024-00011440-00011900 So there are the connections: his brother is a disciple of John the Baptist, John the VyytQxnn0SU-00025-00011900-00012552 Baptist leads Andrew to Jesus. Andrew brings his brother, you know, it's all connected. VyytQxnn0SU-00026-00012578-00013300 Peter had both high and low moments in his VyytQxnn0SU-00027-00013300-00013800 life as a disciple of Jesus. He observed VyytQxnn0SU-00028-00013800-00014200 miracles, he performed miracles. That's a pretty high point. He was present at the VyytQxnn0SU-00029-00014200-00014700 transfiguration of Jesus. That's a pretty remarkable experience. VyytQxnn0SU-00030-00014700-00015200 He saw unfortunately the death of Jesus but was the witness also to his VyytQxnn0SU-00031-00015200-00015700 resurrection. Again a pretty high point in his life as a disciple, but he had low points as VyytQxnn0SU-00032-00015700-00016100 well. He was reprimanded by Jesus for VyytQxnn0SU-00033-00016100-00016600 suggesting even that Jesus avoid the cross, you know, "get thee behind me Satan". That VyytQxnn0SU-00034-00016600-00017100 was a pretty tough rebuke for Peter. We VyytQxnn0SU-00035-00017100-00017600 know also that he denied knowing Jesus. You know the betrayal three times he denied knowing VyytQxnn0SU-00036-00017600-00018100 Jesus. Interesting that all four Evangelists mentioned Peter's VyytQxnn0SU-00037-00018100-00018524 denial of Jesus. All four of them record that particular event, a very low VyytQxnn0SU-00038-00018524-00019000 point in his life. So you've got Peter the successful fisherman, disciple of VyytQxnn0SU-00039-00019000-00019500 Jesus, he was also a church leader. Paul says that along with James and John VyytQxnn0SU-00040-00019500-00020000 Peter was a pillar or leader in the early church, he was the first to preach the VyytQxnn0SU-00041-00020000-00020300 gospel, Acts Chapter 2. VyytQxnn0SU-00042-00020300-00020800 And preach the gospel to many of the people who had, you know, actually been VyytQxnn0SU-00043-00020800-00021300 complicit in Jesus's crucifixion. And so, you know, he had to VyytQxnn0SU-00044-00021300-00021800 preach the gospel to them. First time he stood up to the Jewish leaders who threatened him in order to be VyytQxnn0SU-00045-00021800-00022200 quiet and he didn't back down, Acts 3 and 4. He VyytQxnn0SU-00046-00022200-00022800 also stood up to those in the church who wanted to keep the gentiles out of the church, VyytQxnn0SU-00047-00022800-00023200 Acts Chapter 15. So you see him in his role as VyytQxnn0SU-00048-00023200-00023700 church leader after the departure of Christ. VyytQxnn0SU-00049-00023700-00024200 And then Peter as the author. He was uneducated in the sense VyytQxnn0SU-00050-00024200-00024700 that he didn't have the kind of training that the scribes had. He VyytQxnn0SU-00051-00024700-00025308 wasn't stupid but he didn't have that kind of training. He didn't go to rabbinical school. VyytQxnn0SU-00052-00025308-00025900 His writing style is simple when compared to the others, but the ideas profound. VyytQxnn0SU-00053-00025900-00026400 Some people believe that Mark's gospel for example is actually Peter's VyytQxnn0SU-00054-00026400-00026914 account of his experiences with Jesus dictated to Mark VyytQxnn0SU-00055-00026914-00027300 and Mark is writing down what Peter is feeding him and the net result VyytQxnn0SU-00056-00027300-00027800 was the Gospel of Mark. He did write two VyytQxnn0SU-00057-00027800-00028300 letters under his name (perhaps more) but we know of two that he wrote under his own name: First and VyytQxnn0SU-00058-00028300-00028800 Second Peter. And he wrote them to the same group. Those people were VyytQxnn0SU-00059-00028800-00029200 in Asia Minor. Today we call that country Turkey. Around VyytQxnn0SU-00060-00029200-00029700 64/65 A.D. near the end of his life he VyytQxnn0SU-00061-00029700-00030200 wrote these things. He died in Rome crucified upside down because he VyytQxnn0SU-00062-00030200-00030700 refused to be crucified in the same manner as his Lord and so he they crucified him VyytQxnn0SU-00063-00030700-00031200 upside down, 67 A.D. fulfilling Jesus prophecy VyytQxnn0SU-00064-00031200-00031700 about him when Jesus talked about how he would eventually be martyred in VyytQxnn0SU-00065-00031700-00032100 John 21:18. VyytQxnn0SU-00066-00032100-00032600 It's interesting that many study the book of Romans for example or the book of VyytQxnn0SU-00067-00032600-00033100 Galatians to learn about the subject of God's grace. And this is VyytQxnn0SU-00068-00033100-00033600 OK since in these two letters the theory and the benefits of God's grace are VyytQxnn0SU-00069-00033600-00034000 well explained in the book of Romans, in the book of Galatians. VyytQxnn0SU-00070-00034000-00034500 But it is in the book of Peter, Peter's first letter especially that we VyytQxnn0SU-00071-00034500-00035000 see what grace produces in a person's life. A life like VyytQxnn0SU-00072-00035000-00035500 Peter's, that is a mixture of good and bad, success and failure. VyytQxnn0SU-00073-00035500-00036010 You know your life, my life, you know, in Peter's writings we find VyytQxnn0SU-00074-00036010-00036500 how grace affects the ordinary person. That's my point. VyytQxnn0SU-00075-00036600-00037000 So hopefully by the end of our study VyytQxnn0SU-00076-00037100-00037600 we will have a greater understanding not only of what God's grace VyytQxnn0SU-00077-00037600-00038100 means, you know, unmerited favor and so and so forth the definition of grace, VyytQxnn0SU-00078-00038100-00038600 but we're going to actually see what it produces in a person's life. VyytQxnn0SU-00079-00038700-00039200 But before we do that we need to first deal with some incorrect and inaccurate ideas of VyytQxnn0SU-00080-00039200-00039660 grace that a lot of people believe, unfortunately. VyytQxnn0SU-00081-00039660-00040094 So we start with: what grace is not. VyytQxnn0SU-00082-00040094-00040434 What it isn't. And when we mention the word VyytQxnn0SU-00083-00040434-00040900 grace to people many times it conjures up different things to VyytQxnn0SU-00084-00040900-00041400 them. Some of the things that they say or think about the subject VyytQxnn0SU-00085-00041400-00041900 of grace are just not biblical. For example some VyytQxnn0SU-00086-00041900-00042314 people see grace as a form of liberalism. VyytQxnn0SU-00087-00042314-00042800 You know some things that grace means that you can do what you want to do because as a saved VyytQxnn0SU-00088-00042800-00043330 person God will not let you be lost because you're under grace. VyytQxnn0SU-00089-00043400-00043900 You know, you're under grace, you do what you want. Of course this is VyytQxnn0SU-00090-00043900-00044400 unbiblical because Paul in Romans 6:1 says, "Shall we continue in sin that VyytQxnn0SU-00091-00044400-00044600 grace may increase? VyytQxnn0SU-00092-00044600-00045100 May it never be." So Paul says that grace is not an excuse to continue VyytQxnn0SU-00093-00045100-00045600 sinning without guilt or consequence. Don't use grace as an excuse to just keep on VyytQxnn0SU-00094-00045600-00046100 doing what you're doing. So those who are under grace VyytQxnn0SU-00095-00046100-00046600 are not free to continue to sin because the Bible says the VyytQxnn0SU-00096-00046600-00047100 wages of sin is death, or the wage of sin is death, Romans 6:23. VyytQxnn0SU-00097-00047100-00047400 So grace is not liberalism. VyytQxnn0SU-00098-00047400-00047938 Some people think that grace is permissiveness. People who believe that grace, means VyytQxnn0SU-00099-00047938-00048400 that when it comes to you, God's child, God doesn't VyytQxnn0SU-00100-00048400-00049000 care about sin. He is blind to your sin because of grace. In other words, grace VyytQxnn0SU-00101-00049000-00049400 with this mindset it makes God into some sort of indulgent VyytQxnn0SU-00102-00049400-00049906 grandfather who says, "Oh boys will be boys." VyytQxnn0SU-00103-00049906-00050456 "Human beings are weak." He is a tolerant God. VyytQxnn0SU-00104-00050600-00051114 But the Bible says, see that's the problem, when you hold up that idea and hold that up against the VyytQxnn0SU-00105-00051114-00051500 Bible and you've got to go with what the Bible says. The Bible says, VyytQxnn0SU-00106-00051500-00052000 "For we must all appear before the judgment seat of Christ. That each one may VyytQxnn0SU-00107-00052000-00052500 be recompensed for his deeds in the body according to what he has done whether good or VyytQxnn0SU-00108-00052500-00053129 bad." II Corinthians 5:10. Does that sound like a permissive God to you? VyytQxnn0SU-00109-00053260-00053529 Doesn't sound like a permissive God to me. VyytQxnn0SU-00110-00053600-00054100 So grace does not mean that God ignores or indulges VyytQxnn0SU-00111-00054100-00054596 our sins. Not a single one. I knew a fellow once who was a, VyytQxnn0SU-00112-00054600-00055048 you know, a pretty devout Christian. But he was a smoker. VyytQxnn0SU-00113-00055048-00055510 And we talked about that, and I asked him about that VyytQxnn0SU-00114-00055510-00056104 and he said that God permitted him this vice because he was under a lot of pressure. VyytQxnn0SU-00115-00056300-00056800 I figure, you know, whatever works for you, you know. But that's how he justified. VyytQxnn0SU-00116-00056800-00057200 You know, I mean God is gracious to me. He lets it slide. He VyytQxnn0SU-00117-00057200-00057700 lets this thing slide, you know, because I'm under a lot of pressure. I got a lot of VyytQxnn0SU-00118-00057700-00058140 work and this is the thing that helps me, you know, helps me get through, VyytQxnn0SU-00119-00058140-00058400 relaxes me. VyytQxnn0SU-00120-00058500-00059000 Of course it also poisons you, gives you cancer and so on and so forth. VyytQxnn0SU-00121-00059000-00059200 But, you know, why quibble. VyytQxnn0SU-00122-00059200-00059600 Number three: what grace is not, it's not worldliness. VyytQxnn0SU-00123-00059600-00060100 Again some people think that grace is a special permission that they have from God to VyytQxnn0SU-00124-00060100-00060708 to simply remain in the world. By grace they're going to heaven. VyytQxnn0SU-00125-00060708-00061200 So in the meantime they can just be part of this world till it's time to go. In VyytQxnn0SU-00126-00061200-00061700 other words, no effort at Holy living, no effort at spiritual growth, no effort at building the VyytQxnn0SU-00127-00061700-00061800 Kingdom. VyytQxnn0SU-00128-00061800-00062300 These are the people who just, you know, clock in, clock out, you know, church wise VyytQxnn0SU-00129-00062300-00062500 prayer wise. VyytQxnn0SU-00130-00062500-00063000 But the Bible clearly indicates that those who are saved by grace are VyytQxnn0SU-00131-00063000-00063532 also transformed by that grace into something different. VyytQxnn0SU-00132-00063532-00064000 And that's what Peter really talks about in his epistle. Paul the VyytQxnn0SU-00133-00064000-00064300 Apostle says that Christians produce spiritual fruit. VyytQxnn0SU-00134-00064300-00064800 Love and joy and patience and kindness and faithfulness, as well as VyytQxnn0SU-00135-00064800-00065000 self-control so on and so forth. VyytQxnn0SU-00136-00065000-00065500 So grace does not excuse us from living a holy and VyytQxnn0SU-00137-00065500-00066000 pure and fruitful and faithful life. It actually promotes it and VyytQxnn0SU-00138-00066000-00066324 permits it in our life. VyytQxnn0SU-00139-00066324-00066900 And then the other one I like is pre-meditation. Well when I say I like... VyytQxnn0SU-00140-00066900-00067400 The worst and most dangerous misconception about grace is that you can VyytQxnn0SU-00141-00067400-00067800 play around with it and use it to your advantage. VyytQxnn0SU-00142-00067900-00068000 Very dangerous. VyytQxnn0SU-00143-00068100-00068500 The most dangerous gain in the spiritual world is VyytQxnn0SU-00144-00068500-00069000 presuming on God's grace. In other words, thinking you can VyytQxnn0SU-00145-00069000-00069400 sin now and enjoy that because later on God's grace will VyytQxnn0SU-00146-00069400-00070100 cover your tracks, and actually having that mindset. VyytQxnn0SU-00147-00070100-00070600 Grace is not something that we used to enjoy sinfulness. VyytQxnn0SU-00148-00070600-00071100 When we do this we don't realize that the net effect of this type of thinking is that it hardens our VyytQxnn0SU-00149-00071100-00071600 conscience to the point where we can't repent. We don't even know how anymore. VyytQxnn0SU-00150-00071800-00072300 This is what the Hebrew writer is talking about in Hebrews 6, you know, verses 4-8, VyytQxnn0SU-00151-00072300-00072700 where he ends up and he says where we can not be renewed again to repentance. VyytQxnn0SU-00152-00072700-00073316 He's talking about hardening of the heart. People that play around with grace. VyytQxnn0SU-00153-00073316-00073678 So liberalism and permissiveness VyytQxnn0SU-00154-00073678-00074206 and worldliness and pre-meditation, these are some of the things that grace VyytQxnn0SU-00155-00074206-00074400 is not. VyytQxnn0SU-00156-00074400-00074900 So let's look at Peter's epistle and after reviewing his introduction we're going to see the VyytQxnn0SU-00157-00074900-00075402 first thing that grace really is. So let's first of all read VyytQxnn0SU-00158-00075402-00075900 verse one, First Peter 1. Peter, an apostle of Jesus Christ to those who VyytQxnn0SU-00159-00075900-00076402 reside as aliens scattered through Pontus, Galatia, Cappadocia, Asia VyytQxnn0SU-00160-00076402-00076600 and Bithynia, who are, VyytQxnn0SU-00161-00076600-00077100 Who are chosen. Who are chosen. So VyytQxnn0SU-00162-00077100-00077400 Peter introduces himself, VyytQxnn0SU-00163-00077400-00077900 first. In those days letters were the reverse of what letters are today. Today VyytQxnn0SU-00164-00077900-00078402 you go dear Joe. Blah blah blah How's it going, you know, your friend Mike. In those days VyytQxnn0SU-00165-00078402-00078900 was the reverse. Hello this is Mike. Blah blah blah blah blah blah blah. VyytQxnn0SU-00166-00078900-00079366 Hope you're doing well Joe. So they introduced themselves at the top VyytQxnn0SU-00167-00079366-00079600 rather than at the end. VyytQxnn0SU-00168-00079600-00080100 So he immediately establishes his credibility and authority as not just any VyytQxnn0SU-00169-00080100-00080600 apostle. I'm not just any messenger he says, but I'm a messenger chosen VyytQxnn0SU-00170-00080600-00081100 specifically by Christ himself. So, you know, that establishes VyytQxnn0SU-00171-00081100-00081600 his authority for what he's going to be saying later on. The letter is directed to churches VyytQxnn0SU-00172-00081600-00082100 that are scattered throughout Asia Minor. As I said today Turkey. VyytQxnn0SU-00173-00082100-00082604 And would be passed around among them upon reception. Verse 2, VyytQxnn0SU-00174-00082604-00083100 He says, "according to the foreknowledge of God the Father by the sanctifying work of the spirit VyytQxnn0SU-00175-00083100-00083600 to obey Jesus Christ and be sprinkled with His blood: may grace VyytQxnn0SU-00176-00083600-00084000 and peace be yours in the fullest measure." VyytQxnn0SU-00177-00084000-00084500 So he offers a blessing upon them. And he gives the reason why VyytQxnn0SU-00178-00084500-00085000 they should receive this blessing. The blessing is that VyytQxnn0SU-00179-00085000-00085500 grace and peace be upon them in full measure. VyytQxnn0SU-00180-00085500-00086000 That's the blessing. Now the reason for them to have access to this VyytQxnn0SU-00181-00086000-00086500 is four fold and I'll give it to you in reverse order OK. Four reasons. VyytQxnn0SU-00182-00086500-00086998 Four reasons why they should receive the this blessing VyytQxnn0SU-00183-00086998-00087312 completely. VyytQxnn0SU-00184-00087312-00087800 First of all, Jesus died and shed his blood to wash away their VyytQxnn0SU-00185-00087800-00088200 sins. Secondly, they obeyed the Gospel in repentance and baptism to VyytQxnn0SU-00186-00088200-00088500 access this blood of Christ. VyytQxnn0SU-00187-00088500-00089106 Thirdly, the Holy Spirit has filled them and continues to work in them. And fourthly, VyytQxnn0SU-00188-00089106-00089500 God knew from the beginning that all those who would accept Jesus would have VyytQxnn0SU-00189-00089500-00090112 these blessings. That's why they VyytQxnn0SU-00190-00090112-00090500 should enjoy this blessing of grace and peace to its fullest measure VyytQxnn0SU-00191-00090500-00091000 because of all these reasons: Jesus obtained it for him, they obeyed the gospel, the VyytQxnn0SU-00192-00091000-00091500 spirit is inside of them, God knew that he would be blessing them. For all those reasons they should VyytQxnn0SU-00193-00091500-00091942 enjoy that blessing. And interesting that he links the death of Christ to the VyytQxnn0SU-00194-00091942-00092400 sprinkling of blood of the sacrifice by the high priest, right? VyytQxnn0SU-00195-00092400-00092800 Have a branch of hyssop and the blood of the animal and everything would be VyytQxnn0SU-00196-00092800-00093000 sprinkled with blood. VyytQxnn0SU-00197-00093000-00093600 The altar, the everything would be sprinkled blood signifying a purification. VyytQxnn0SU-00198-00093600-00094168 Well, he's saying we've been sprinkled with blood signifying our VyytQxnn0SU-00199-00094168-00094300 purification. VyytQxnn0SU-00200-00094300-00094832 So he prays that the blessings of grace and peace, as a result VyytQxnn0SU-00201-00094832-00095396 of their salvation through Jesus, known and promised by God VyytQxnn0SU-00202-00095400-00095900 would result in them experiencing the joy of grace VyytQxnn0SU-00203-00095900-00096400 and peace. Now in the next verses he's going to explain that one VyytQxnn0SU-00204-00096400-00096900 of the joys and meanings of this grace that he wishes upon them VyytQxnn0SU-00205-00096900-00097400 is security. In other words, he wants them to experience grace. OK. He VyytQxnn0SU-00206-00097400-00097900 wants them to experience grace and joy. And the question might be, "well what am I supposed to be VyytQxnn0SU-00207-00097900-00098000 feeling?" VyytQxnn0SU-00208-00098100-00098554 You know you want me to have this grace but could you break it down VyytQxnn0SU-00209-00098554-00098900 for me? What exactly am I supposed to be feeling here? VyytQxnn0SU-00210-00098900-00099504 And Peter says, "well what you're supposed to be feeling first of all is security, VyytQxnn0SU-00211-00099504-00100100 assurance a feeling of being safe. That's one feeling that you should have. VyytQxnn0SU-00212-00100100-00100500 If you have the grace of God." OK. VyytQxnn0SU-00213-00100500-00101000 So in verses 3-5 Peter explains that since salvation and the grace that VyytQxnn0SU-00214-00101000-00101612 flows from it comes from God, it is secure. VyytQxnn0SU-00215-00101612-00102100 It's secure. So let's read verse three. He says "Blessed be the God and Father of Our VyytQxnn0SU-00216-00102100-00102600 Lord Jesus Christ, who according to his great mercy has caused us to be born VyytQxnn0SU-00217-00102600-00103000 again to a living hope through the resurrection of Jesus Christ from VyytQxnn0SU-00218-00103000-00103500 the dead." So it was God's plan to save us through the death, burial and VyytQxnn0SU-00219-00103500-00103800 resurrection of Christ. We know that. VyytQxnn0SU-00220-00103800-00104268 Then he says salvation and its accompanying grace is not a human VyytQxnn0SU-00221-00104268-00104740 invention. It's a Godly thing. It's God's plan. VyytQxnn0SU-00222-00104740-00105100 It's God's thing that he's giving you. We need to keep that in mind. VyytQxnn0SU-00223-00105300-00105800 As we read verses 4 and 5 he says, "to obtain an inheritance VyytQxnn0SU-00224-00105800-00106300 which is imperishable and undefiled and will not fade away, reserved in heaven for VyytQxnn0SU-00225-00106300-00106838 you who are protected by the power of God through faith for a salvation ready to VyytQxnn0SU-00226-00106838-00107294 be revealed in the last time." So VyytQxnn0SU-00227-00107300-00107800 because it comes from God, the salvation comes from it, because it comes VyytQxnn0SU-00228-00107800-00108200 from God. It is a powerful thing and it's a sure thing. VyytQxnn0SU-00229-00108200-00108752 OK. The inheritance that he's talking about, if you want to break it down, what VyytQxnn0SU-00230-00108752-00109211 is my inheritance? Well the inheritance is a glorified body. VyytQxnn0SU-00231-00109361-00109800 When we resurrect we all have a different body. The Bible kind of refers to it VyytQxnn0SU-00232-00109800-00110300 as a glorified body. That's the inheritance. That's the thing that we're going to VyytQxnn0SU-00233-00110300-00110800 get. A glorified body and eternal life. VyytQxnn0SU-00234-00110800-00111361 OK. Not only eternal length, you know, lengthwise eternal, but the quality of VyytQxnn0SU-00235-00111361-00111700 it is going to be eternal. VyytQxnn0SU-00236-00111700-00112200 This gift, glorified body, eternal life, VyytQxnn0SU-00237-00112200-00112700 this gift given through grace, meaning because of God's favor VyytQxnn0SU-00238-00112700-00113200 this gift is sure and will not be destroyed unlike a material VyytQxnn0SU-00239-00113200-00113600 inheritance: a man or a woman or a man and a woman they work all their lives and they VyytQxnn0SU-00240-00113600-00114100 work hard and they build up a business and they make a lot of money and so on and so forth, VyytQxnn0SU-00241-00114100-00114600 millionaires, and they pass and they leave all of their money and all of the business and VyytQxnn0SU-00242-00114600-00115100 everything, you know, they leave to their children. It doesn't always happen this way but we've seen VyytQxnn0SU-00243-00115100-00115600 it happen right? And the children inherit the money and what do they do with it? They just go through it VyytQxnn0SU-00244-00115600-00115882 like water in five years the whole thing is gone. VyytQxnn0SU-00245-00116100-00116600 Well, Peter is saying here this inheritance, this glorified body thing VyytQxnn0SU-00246-00116600-00117061 and this eternal life thing, this is an absolute sure thing. This will VyytQxnn0SU-00247-00117061-00117538 not decay. Not only is it sure VyytQxnn0SU-00248-00117600-00118100 but the quality of it is such that it can never be destroyed. VyytQxnn0SU-00249-00118200-00118500 And this thing that you're waiting for will be revealed when? VyytQxnn0SU-00250-00118500-00119000 Well, at the resurrection when Jesus returns. OK so now he says, VyytQxnn0SU-00251-00119000-00119500 "I want you to really, you know, get a full measure of this grace and peace." And you VyytQxnn0SU-00252-00119500-00119746 say back, "Well what am I supposed to be feeling?" VyytQxnn0SU-00253-00119746-00120026 Well one of the feelings you're supposed to be feeling is security. VyytQxnn0SU-00254-00120026-00120400 Security for what? Well, security in the knowledge that the VyytQxnn0SU-00255-00120400-00121000 thing that you're going to get, your glorified body, your eternal life, is a sure thing. VyytQxnn0SU-00256-00121000-00121500 It will never be destroyed and it's there waiting for you when Jesus returns. Why? VyytQxnn0SU-00257-00121500-00121909 Because God is the one who has given it to you, that's why. VyytQxnn0SU-00258-00121909-00122200 So we go, verse 6, he says, VyytQxnn0SU-00259-00122200-00122700 "In this you greatly rejoice," right now that you understand what I've just explained to you. VyytQxnn0SU-00260-00122700-00123100 He says, "in this you greatly rejoice, even though now for a little while, if VyytQxnn0SU-00261-00123100-00123600 necessary, you have been distressed by various trials, so that the proof of your faith, being more VyytQxnn0SU-00262-00123600-00124102 precious than gold which is perishable, even though tested by fire, VyytQxnn0SU-00263-00124102-00124600 may be found to result in praise and glory and honor at the revelation of Jesus Christ; VyytQxnn0SU-00264-00124600-00125059 and though you have not seen Him, you love Him, and though you do not see Him VyytQxnn0SU-00265-00125059-00125500 now, but believe in Him, you greatly rejoice with joy inexpressible and VyytQxnn0SU-00266-00125500-00126000 full of glory, obtaining as the outcome of your faith the salvation of your VyytQxnn0SU-00267-00126000-00126400 souls. So this sure gift is the cause of VyytQxnn0SU-00268-00126400-00126844 rejoicing and also the cause of your happy VyytQxnn0SU-00269-00126844-00127100 anticipation. You ever see a little kid, VyytQxnn0SU-00270-00127100-00127538 their birthday party is on Saturday and it's Monday? "My party is VyytQxnn0SU-00271-00127538-00128090 Saturday!" And on Tuesday morning, "Mommy, my party is on Saturday!" Wednesday morning, "Mommy, when's my party? VyytQxnn0SU-00272-00128090-00128270 Oh it's Saturday!" You know what I'm saying? VyytQxnn0SU-00273-00128270-00128798 Happy anticipation. Well he's saying, VyytQxnn0SU-00274-00128800-00129233 you know, this sure gift is the cause of VyytQxnn0SU-00275-00129233-00129700 rejoicing and happy anticipation. However, he says, in the meantime there VyytQxnn0SU-00276-00129700-00130200 may be suffering involved while you wait for it VyytQxnn0SU-00277-00130200-00130700 and remaining faithful while you wait for this gift of grace VyytQxnn0SU-00278-00130800-00131164 does several things. VyytQxnn0SU-00279-00131164-00131640 First, it confirms the genuineness of your faith. VyytQxnn0SU-00280-00131700-00132200 If a person endures while the going is rough it demonstrates that their faith is VyytQxnn0SU-00281-00132200-00132300 real, not just talk. VyytQxnn0SU-00282-00132300-00132800 You know, James 3:18 "you show me your faith by what you say. VyytQxnn0SU-00283-00132800-00133100 I'll show you my faith by what I do." VyytQxnn0SU-00284-00133400-00133900 So I'm anticipating and I'm rejoicing and I'm feeling secure that this thing VyytQxnn0SU-00285-00133900-00134400 that God has promised me is going to come. I know it's going to come. Nobody can destroy it. VyytQxnn0SU-00286-00134400-00134900 But in the meantime stuff happens. VyytQxnn0SU-00287-00134900-00135300 My house burns down, I get a cold, you know, whatever. VyytQxnn0SU-00288-00135300-00135472 Stuff happens. VyytQxnn0SU-00289-00135600-00136100 And if I maintain that happy anticipation, if I maintain VyytQxnn0SU-00290-00136100-00136400 that faith while stuff happens, VyytQxnn0SU-00291-00136500-00137000 it's simply a witness that my faith is a real faith. It's genuine. VyytQxnn0SU-00292-00137092-00137644 Secondly, it honors Christ. Your suffering and patience is a demonstration of love and VyytQxnn0SU-00293-00137644-00138116 loyalty to the Lord, and this genuinely honors Him as your Lord. VyytQxnn0SU-00294-00138116-00138500 What does Paul say Romans 12:1, right, what we offer? VyytQxnn0SU-00295-00138500-00138900 I'm offering my friend's body as a living sacrifice. VyytQxnn0SU-00296-00138900-00139400 No no. Paul says, "I'm offering what? My body." VyytQxnn0SU-00297-00139400-00139800 Offer your body, my body as a living sacrifice. VyytQxnn0SU-00298-00139900-00140200 Living Sacrifice. This is how we honor Christ. VyytQxnn0SU-00299-00140300-00140748 Thirdly, he says it generates joy and love in you. Jesus said, "blessed or VyytQxnn0SU-00300-00140748-00141306 happy are those who have been persecuted for the sake of righteousness for theirs is the kingdom of heaven." VyytQxnn0SU-00301-00141306-00141700 Matthew 5, verse 10. Well this behavior demonstrates that they really VyytQxnn0SU-00302-00141700-00142200 belong. How do you know you belong in the kingdom? Well Peter VyytQxnn0SU-00303-00142200-00142700 is saying well you know you belong in the kingdom when you suffer trials VyytQxnn0SU-00304-00142700-00143184 and the trials that you suffer actually produce joy in you rather than despair. VyytQxnn0SU-00305-00143400-00143600 That's how you know you're one of us. VyytQxnn0SU-00306-00143700-00144200 The world, people of no faith, they don't get that. They're only VyytQxnn0SU-00307-00144200-00144674 happy when good things happen. Christians manage to be happy when good things happen and they VyytQxnn0SU-00308-00144674-00145200 manage to maintain faith and joy even when bad things happen. VyytQxnn0SU-00309-00145200-00145600 Suffering righteously for the Lord produces happiness. Well that's VyytQxnn0SU-00310-00145600-00145900 completely upside down. VyytQxnn0SU-00311-00145900-00146200 Since when does suffering produce joy? VyytQxnn0SU-00312-00146200-00146700 Well it doesn't except in the kingdom. In the kingdom suffering VyytQxnn0SU-00313-00146700-00147000 righteously for the Lord produces happiness. VyytQxnn0SU-00314-00147000-00147442 It is a natural reaction for the spiritual person. VyytQxnn0SU-00315-00147600-00148100 Number four: He says it also guarantees salvation. VyytQxnn0SU-00316-00148100-00148500 A proven faith results in a secure hope of salvation which produces VyytQxnn0SU-00317-00148500-00149026 peace and joy in one's heart. And so Peter tells his VyytQxnn0SU-00318-00149026-00149452 readers that grace means feeling sure. VyytQxnn0SU-00319-00149452-00149900 How should I feel if I'm under grace? Well I'm not VyytQxnn0SU-00320-00149900-00150400 feeling, you know, liberality to sin. I'm not feeling permissiveness. I'm not feeling VyytQxnn0SU-00321-00150400-00150802 that I can be in the world without God. That's not what I'm feeling. VyytQxnn0SU-00322-00150802-00151300 He says if you're under the power of grace and you're experiencing the grace of God in your life VyytQxnn0SU-00323-00151300-00151766 the thing, the emotion you should be feeling is security. VyytQxnn0SU-00324-00151766-00152300 I feel sure about my salvation even VyytQxnn0SU-00325-00152300-00152800 though there are times when one's faith is tested continuing in faith will only strengthen VyytQxnn0SU-00326-00152800-00153000 that hope and increase the joy. VyytQxnn0SU-00327-00153000-00153500 You know how Christians say, "you can beat me up, you can whip me, you can throw me in VyytQxnn0SU-00328-00153500-00154000 jail you can even threaten to kill me. I cannot deny what I know." VyytQxnn0SU-00329-00154200-00154400 I can't deny what I know. VyytQxnn0SU-00330-00154500-00155000 What I know is true. You can't beat it out of me. So if you're going to kill me VyytQxnn0SU-00331-00155000-00155100 go ahead and do it. VyytQxnn0SU-00332-00155250-00155700 Because it's impossible for me to deny the thing that I know. VyytQxnn0SU-00333-00156100-00156500 So he finishes off verses 10-12. He says, "as to this salvation, the VyytQxnn0SU-00334-00156500-00157000 prophets who prophesied of the grace that would come to you make careful searches and inquiries, VyytQxnn0SU-00335-00157000-00157500 seeking to know what person or time the Spirit of Christ within them was indicating as he VyytQxnn0SU-00336-00157500-00158000 predicted the sufferings of Christ and the glorious to follow. It was revealed to them VyytQxnn0SU-00337-00158000-00158500 that they were not serving themselves, but you, in these things which now have been VyytQxnn0SU-00338-00158500-00159000 announced to you through those who preach the gospel to you by the Holy VyytQxnn0SU-00339-00159000-00159400 Spirit sent from heaven- things into which angels VyytQxnn0SU-00340-00159400-00159600 long to look. VyytQxnn0SU-00341-00159700-00159800 What's he saying? VyytQxnn0SU-00342-00159900-00160400 Well he's saying in these last three verses of the section he VyytQxnn0SU-00343-00160400-00160900 compares them, you know the people he's writing to, he compares them to two VyytQxnn0SU-00344-00160900-00161404 other groups in order to show how secure they are in Christ. VyytQxnn0SU-00345-00161500-00162000 He compares them first to the prophets who spoke from God, who did VyytQxnn0SU-00346-00162000-00162500 miracles, who counseled kings, who saved the nation over and VyytQxnn0SU-00347-00162500-00162984 over again. And he compares them also to angels who are mighty VyytQxnn0SU-00348-00162984-00163500 beings who dwell at the throne of God. And his point is this: VyytQxnn0SU-00349-00163500-00163900 Both these groups, the prophets and the angels, both these groups did VyytQxnn0SU-00350-00163900-00164400 not receive the revelation about God's gracious plan to save men through VyytQxnn0SU-00351-00164400-00164900 faith in Jesus Christ, and give them glorious bodies and allow them to VyytQxnn0SU-00352-00164900-00165400 live forever with Christ in heaven. This thing that you have that is sure, the VyytQxnn0SU-00353-00165400-00165700 glorified body, the eternal life, VyytQxnn0SU-00354-00165700-00166234 Neither the prophets nor the angels were allowed to know this VyytQxnn0SU-00355-00166234-00166700 thing. All they knew is that whatever they were doing they were serving VyytQxnn0SU-00356-00166700-00167100 someone in the future and you are the ones, you are the VyytQxnn0SU-00357-00167100-00167570 ones that they were serving. VyytQxnn0SU-00358-00167570-00168100 So even though they were mighty servants who searched for the answers all they knew was that VyytQxnn0SU-00359-00168100-00168534 God's plan was to serve people in the future. And you know VyytQxnn0SU-00360-00168534-00168800 what? You ever wonder where am I in the Bible? VyytQxnn0SU-00361-00168800-00169300 This is where you and me, this is where we are in the Bible. We are the people VyytQxnn0SU-00362-00169300-00169700 that the angels and the prophets served. VyytQxnn0SU-00363-00169700-00170100 Why? Because the gift has been revealed to us. VyytQxnn0SU-00364-00170100-00170620 The glorified body the eternal life the promise that sure, we're the ones that have received VyytQxnn0SU-00365-00170620-00171172 that promised in our generation today. So God's grace, VyytQxnn0SU-00366-00171172-00171700 the author is saying, Peter is saying, God's grace it's no afterthought. VyytQxnn0SU-00367-00171700-00172200 It was planned for and it was passed on carefully throughout the ages until the VyytQxnn0SU-00368-00172200-00172510 right time to reveal it to the world. VyytQxnn0SU-00369-00172510-00173000 So all could take advantage of it. So. VyytQxnn0SU-00370-00173000-00173478 Peter begins his epistle by explaining that the grace of God is a sure VyytQxnn0SU-00371-00173478-00174002 thing. And when we think of his grace VyytQxnn0SU-00372-00174002-00174500 in other words his favor towards us. We can, you know, the thing VyytQxnn0SU-00373-00174500-00174900 that we ought to be feeling and experiencing is security. VyytQxnn0SU-00374-00174900-00175300 Grace equals security. VyytQxnn0SU-00375-00175300-00175900 Because, one: it comes from God. When a promise of blessing comes directly VyytQxnn0SU-00376-00175900-00176400 from God you can be absolutely sure that's security. VyytQxnn0SU-00377-00176500-00176978 That's security. You know, when I was a kid my mom and dad said, VyytQxnn0SU-00378-00176978-00177508 "If you get, you know, A's in spelling and so on, we'll buy you VyytQxnn0SU-00379-00177508-00177900 a bike. We'll buy you a bicycle." VyytQxnn0SU-00380-00178000-00178404 Well you know what. I didn't have the bike but it's like I had it already. VyytQxnn0SU-00381-00178404-00178900 I was already thinking of the streamers you'd put in the handlebars. I was already thinking of VyytQxnn0SU-00382-00178900-00179342 the streamers and I was always thinking I'm going to put a bell on it maybe and go crazy and put one of VyytQxnn0SU-00383-00179342-00179800 those electronic buzzers, you know and I'm saying, remember you used to have to put batteries. VyytQxnn0SU-00384-00179800-00180300 I mean it's like I had it already. When your mom and dad promises to do something, VyytQxnn0SU-00385-00180300-00180800 I mean, it's like a sure thing. And then when the day VyytQxnn0SU-00386-00180800-00181300 came in much to their surprise I did get A's in everything, they tried to talk me out of getting the VyytQxnn0SU-00387-00181300-00181500 bike and tried to buy me off with money. VyytQxnn0SU-00388-00181500-00182000 No! Because they were afraid, you know, a bike, he's going to be out in the street. He might get VyytQxnn0SU-00389-00182000-00182500 hurt blah blah blah, you know. Oh no I was having none of it. You said you're getting a bike. I want a bike. VyytQxnn0SU-00390-00182500-00183000 And they got me a bike. With God there is no last VyytQxnn0SU-00391-00183000-00183522 minute wavering, there's no change of plans with it. VyytQxnn0SU-00392-00183522-00184008 If he's promised us this thing we can be absolutely sure VyytQxnn0SU-00393-00184008-00184400 that it will happen. Secondly: VyytQxnn0SU-00394-00184400-00184880 This promise grows stronger this confidence grows stronger with adversity. VyytQxnn0SU-00395-00184880-00185300 The promise of grace itself cannot be diminished by trials. The VyytQxnn0SU-00396-00185300-00185812 harder you struggle to remain faithful the more it produces in terms of joy and VyytQxnn0SU-00397-00185812-00186320 hope and security. It's really, it's the reverse of how things work in the world. VyytQxnn0SU-00398-00186320-00186810 Thirdly: This promise has lasted VyytQxnn0SU-00399-00186810-00187300 throughout the ages. Long ago angels and prophets handed it VyytQxnn0SU-00400-00187300-00187700 down and passed it to us and we receive it today and the grace of VyytQxnn0SU-00401-00187700-00188200 God and forgiving us and granting us eternal life is as fresh and VyytQxnn0SU-00402-00188200-00188800 motivating as it was 4000 years ago when God announced it to Abraham. VyytQxnn0SU-00403-00188800-00189518 We're still motivated by it. Grace means security. VyytQxnn0SU-00404-00189518-00190000 Security in God's desire and His ability to VyytQxnn0SU-00405-00190000-00190400 fulfill His promise to bless us now and to save us forever. So we VyytQxnn0SU-00406-00190400-00190900 sometimes, you know, we sometimes doubt or we're afraid of the past or we're afraid of VyytQxnn0SU-00407-00190900-00191416 the future, but God's grace has wiped away the past VyytQxnn0SU-00408-00191416-00191700 with Jesus' blood. VyytQxnn0SU-00409-00191700-00192200 And God has guaranteed us the future with Jesus' resurrection. You know, some people VyytQxnn0SU-00410-00192200-00192574 say, "Well we need to live in the moment, we need to live in the now." VyytQxnn0SU-00411-00192574-00192900 And people don't know how to do that. How do I live in the now? VyytQxnn0SU-00412-00192900-00193400 How do I get there psychologically or spiritually? Well the way you get there is you VyytQxnn0SU-00413-00193400-00193900 recognize that your past has been taken care of by the blood of Christ on the cross VyytQxnn0SU-00414-00193900-00194460 and your future has been taken care of by his resurrection. That's why you VyytQxnn0SU-00415-00194460-00194900 don't have to worry about the past catching up to you. And you don't have to worry about the VyytQxnn0SU-00416-00194900-00195400 future not being what it was promised because Jesus rose from the dead. VyytQxnn0SU-00417-00195400-00195900 So if I'm not concerned about the past and I'm not worried about the future I can live in the, VyytQxnn0SU-00418-00195900-00196114 I can live in the now. VyytQxnn0SU-00419-00196114-00196600 Well in the weeks to come we'll continue with other meanings of grace. But for now we're going to VyytQxnn0SU-00420-00196600-00197000 remain with the idea of security. If you have received the grace of God through VyytQxnn0SU-00421-00197000-00197500 Christ you can be absolutely sure of your eternal salvation. VyytQxnn0SU-00422-00197500-00198318 Do not be afraid to go through whatever trials you need to in order to remain faithful VyytQxnn0SU-00423-00198318-00198478 It will be worth it. VyytQxnn0SU-00424-00198478-00198900 Remember what I said many times, Jesus' promise: VyytQxnn0SU-00425-00198900-00199584 It won't be easy. But it will be worth it. That's our first lesson in First and Second Peter. VyytQxnn0SU-00426-00199584-00199858 Thank you for your attention. Vya8DjCy_cE-00000-00000112-00000560 welcome to monet cafe in a series of lessons i'm calling down on the farm Vya8DjCy_cE-00001-00000560-00001208 this is in honor of my sweet mama who passed away about a month ago and she was indeed a Vya8DjCy_cE-00002-00001208-00001823 farm girl she knew how to grow everything and what an amazing cook sorry to make you guys drool here Vya8DjCy_cE-00003-00001823-00002512 and i just loved her spirit one of her favorite things was her chickens and cooking for the people Vya8DjCy_cE-00004-00002512-00003168 that she loved she knew how to can and my dad and i are still enjoying many of the fruits of Vya8DjCy_cE-00005-00003168-00003720 her labor because her pantry and her freezer is still stocked with so many wonderful foods Vya8DjCy_cE-00006-00003720-00004256 made from her precious hands so i hope you'll join me in this next series of painting lessons Vya8DjCy_cE-00007-00004256-00004720 focused around the farm and please subscribe if you haven't i think you'll enjoy not only Vya8DjCy_cE-00008-00004720-00005400 the painting lessons but a celebration of life in general i thought we would begin this series with Vya8DjCy_cE-00009-00005400-00006040 a beginner lesson of a painting of a precious duck with some fairly simple supplies so here we go Vya8DjCy_cE-00010-00006104-00006664 hello and welcome to monet cafe i'm artist susan jenkins and i'm happy to share with you that the Vya8DjCy_cE-00011-00006664-00007400 theme for the month of july 2021 is going to be the farm each month i announce a new theme in Vya8DjCy_cE-00012-00007400-00008048 our art group on facebook it's called monet cafe art group so i'm excited hence my little bandanna Vya8DjCy_cE-00013-00008048-00008600 the farm so i've already gotten started with a few farm animals i'm doing some sketching having some Vya8DjCy_cE-00014-00008600-00009120 fun with color so have some fun with these of course you can do a more serious piece too but Vya8DjCy_cE-00015-00009120-00009784 i'll be bringing some farm themed lessons to you this month and also we have members from all over Vya8DjCy_cE-00016-00009784-00010392 the world in monet cafe so farms in your corner of the world may be a little different so feel free Vya8DjCy_cE-00017-00010392-00010952 if you're in our monet cafe art group to share some images and paintings of your place and your Vya8DjCy_cE-00018-00010952-00011576 farms where you live so it should be a lot of fun so get ready grab yourself your favorite beverage Vya8DjCy_cE-00019-00011576-00012160 and let's have some artistic fun all right here we go here is the duck we'll be painting today i Vya8DjCy_cE-00020-00012160-00012632 think i'm going to call her gracie i had a duck named gracie actually one time and i actually Vya8DjCy_cE-00021-00012632-00013112 call this pastel sketching which i like to do on just regular drawing paper i'll talk about the Vya8DjCy_cE-00022-00013112-00013712 supplies in just a minute but first the reference image comes from a site i've been enjoying called Vya8DjCy_cE-00023-00013712-00014440 unsplash.com and the photo credit goes to sandy miller for your convenience i've already arranged Vya8DjCy_cE-00024-00014440-00015160 an album called the farm in my unsplash.com account you can find me at susan jenkins artist on Vya8DjCy_cE-00025-00015160-00015784 there and you can access my album and use any of these images that i thought were really beautiful Vya8DjCy_cE-00026-00015784-00016319 farm related images you can find a link to that album in the about section of this video now let's Vya8DjCy_cE-00027-00016319-00016832 talk about these supplies for the first three paintings in this series i'm using strathmore Vya8DjCy_cE-00028-00016832-00017600 toned gray paper i really do like the fact that i can not only do charcoal sketches on this paper Vya8DjCy_cE-00029-00017600-00018248 but i can also do pastel painting often we think we have to use sanded papers but we really can Vya8DjCy_cE-00030-00018248-00018864 get some decent results on regular drawing paper i like the neutral color of this rather than white Vya8DjCy_cE-00031-00018864-00019368 drawing paper the majority of the pastels i'll be using for this pastel sketch are prismacolor Vya8DjCy_cE-00032-00019368-00019880 new pastels i like them or they're a little harder they go on quite well on this paper Vya8DjCy_cE-00033-00019880-00020408 and we don't even really need many colors for this lesson that's why it's a great beginner lesson Vya8DjCy_cE-00034-00020408-00021216 so let's start sketching out sweet gracie i have marked off a 5x7 area i cropped my image to be a Vya8DjCy_cE-00035-00021216-00021856 five by seven just to keep it consistent with my drawing surface and i'm using a piece of willow Vya8DjCy_cE-00036-00021856-00022488 charcoal it's really just like sticks of charcoal and the reason i like this is because it's the Vya8DjCy_cE-00037-00022488-00023296 same consistency as pastels so they blend quite nicely i also like with willow charcoal that i can Vya8DjCy_cE-00038-00023296-00024032 erase it off quite easily with a kneaded eraser kneaded erasers k n e a d it looks like a piece Vya8DjCy_cE-00039-00024032-00024632 of gray clay you'll probably see me using it in a little while and by the way this is all Vya8DjCy_cE-00040-00024632-00025280 real time it's only like i don't know 20 minutes of painting time or less in sketching time so Vya8DjCy_cE-00041-00025360-00025880 it should be pretty easy to follow but again i like the fact that willow charcoal i can brush Vya8DjCy_cE-00042-00025880-00026544 it off i can erase it off with a kneaded eraser i can also blend it with my finger to get different Vya8DjCy_cE-00043-00026544-00027192 values which i like to do sometimes i think i got i think in a minute or later i raised the eye up Vya8DjCy_cE-00044-00027192-00027744 when i'm painting actually i had the eye a little too low that's another neat thing about doing an Vya8DjCy_cE-00045-00027744-00028304 initial sketch like this you really want to get your proportions right with an animal or a person Vya8DjCy_cE-00046-00028383-00028960 because it's going to make such a difference with your painting looking professional versus Vya8DjCy_cE-00047-00028960-00029712 amateurish and also too one of my goals as an artist has been over the past few years Vya8DjCy_cE-00048-00029712-00030568 is to of course have accuracy but also to have gesture to have my marks be fluid and gestural Vya8DjCy_cE-00049-00030624-00031527 meaning full of life rather than rigid i also think this is good for beginners as a beginner Vya8DjCy_cE-00050-00031527-00032048 lesson because not only is the palette simple but the sketch is fairly simple if you look at Vya8DjCy_cE-00051-00032048-00032760 the reference image there's a lot of negative space around the duck and a tip for drawing if Vya8DjCy_cE-00052-00032760-00033352 you have your proportion of your reference image say it's a five by seven and you have your drawing Vya8DjCy_cE-00053-00033352-00034088 surface as a five by seven things are going to be equal with regards to your spacing and it Vya8DjCy_cE-00054-00034088-00034704 makes it a lot easier to just take a look at that negative space that black and keep in mind that Vya8DjCy_cE-00055-00034704-00035480 you're also creating the negative space as you are the positive space i'm often comparing where Vya8DjCy_cE-00056-00035480-00036040 things fall on the reference image like where the duck where the white of the duck on the left side Vya8DjCy_cE-00057-00036040-00036672 meets the black background and sometimes i'll even make a little mark on the side of my paper Vya8DjCy_cE-00058-00036672-00037240 and it helps me to get my proportions right with my sketch so getting this little sketch in is Vya8DjCy_cE-00059-00037240-00038120 obviously going to be step one for this pastel sketch before we add the color also i wanted to Vya8DjCy_cE-00060-00038192-00038680 be sure that i got the character of this duck i think one thing i really liked about Vya8DjCy_cE-00061-00038680-00039144 this reference image first of all it was simple it's a great start to this as a beginner lesson Vya8DjCy_cE-00062-00039144-00039832 but also i've owned ducks myself raised them from babies and i just love my ducks oh i miss them so Vya8DjCy_cE-00063-00039832-00040576 much but i happen to love how my ducks they turn their head to look at you because their eyes are Vya8DjCy_cE-00064-00040576-00041128 on the sides of their heads they literally cocked their head sideways to look at you and this one Vya8DjCy_cE-00065-00041128-00041896 kind of had that that little angle to her head and so i wanted to capture that and so i was Vya8DjCy_cE-00066-00041896-00042312 trying to make sure i got that and i didn't quite have it at this point of the sketch but Vya8DjCy_cE-00067-00042312-00042712 i do correct some things and again that's one of the neat things about this willow charcoal Vya8DjCy_cE-00068-00042712-00043216 you can see now too how i'm just using my finger i'm getting in a value study Vya8DjCy_cE-00069-00043216-00043800 of sorts now that could be step number two of this you're not only getting in a sketch a linear Vya8DjCy_cE-00070-00043800-00044376 sketch with lines you can use your charcoal or you could even use a little gray pastel or whatever Vya8DjCy_cE-00071-00044480-00045216 to kind of get in your lights your darks and your middle values i often talk in more complicated Vya8DjCy_cE-00072-00045216-00046216 paintings about getting in your values value is huge in the accuracy believability and beauty of Vya8DjCy_cE-00073-00046216-00046800 your painting so as i'm working on the sketch occasionally i'm just using my finger to blend Vya8DjCy_cE-00074-00046800-00047544 i also wanted to make sure i got the bill of the duck angled correctly as well i find Vya8DjCy_cE-00075-00047544-00048432 that i don't do that much of a sketch because over the years with pastel painting i have leaned more Vya8DjCy_cE-00076-00048432-00049248 towards blocking things in with pastel with color and value more than getting in a super Vya8DjCy_cE-00077-00049304-00049992 detailed sketch so at this point all you want to do is get in the generalities we're not going Vya8DjCy_cE-00078-00049992-00050528 in there and drawing feathers or anything oh this is where i change the position of the eye Vya8DjCy_cE-00079-00050528-00051064 i just could see as i stepped back and looked at the reference image that was one of those little Vya8DjCy_cE-00080-00051064-00051688 things that it didn't look quite like this duck or like my ducks that i remember with the eye Vya8DjCy_cE-00081-00051688-00052104 in the position that it was that's a really important thing with animals and with people Vya8DjCy_cE-00082-00052104-00052679 is getting especially if you want accuracy to look like a particular person you know Vya8DjCy_cE-00083-00052679-00053224 even animals have individuality ducks can look different dogs can look different even within Vya8DjCy_cE-00084-00053224-00053752 the same species all right it's time to add some of this pastel just a little new pastel Vya8DjCy_cE-00085-00053752-00054464 on its side once again you saw probably in the caption i break these um generally for working in Vya8DjCy_cE-00086-00054464-00054896 any of my pastels i usually break them if it's a bigger piece but these new pastels it's a Vya8DjCy_cE-00087-00054896-00055440 pretty long piece and i needed a little travel set as you heard at the beginning of the video Vya8DjCy_cE-00088-00055520-00056255 since my mama passed i'm staying with my dad for a season um for healing for both of us and Vya8DjCy_cE-00089-00056255-00056879 it's been really good for us to be together and it's been a beautiful time with him so i needed Vya8DjCy_cE-00090-00056879-00057432 to bring my little travel set of new pastels so it's just teeny little pieces i broke up all 96 Vya8DjCy_cE-00091-00057432-00058064 there's a that's the most that new pastels makes it's a 96 piece set and they're not as expensive Vya8DjCy_cE-00092-00058064-00058688 as some other pastels but um they don't have some of the same benefits as other pastels Vya8DjCy_cE-00093-00058688-00059336 like the real softies as far as having the super brilliant color and being able to lay down final Vya8DjCy_cE-00094-00059479-00060112 pastel colors at the end but they have their benefits in their own right i love my set of Vya8DjCy_cE-00095-00060112-00060576 new pastels they're a little bit harder and sometimes that's why they go on a little Vya8DjCy_cE-00096-00060576-00061104 bit better sometimes on drawing paper but i'm really on this strathmore paper i'm finding that Vya8DjCy_cE-00097-00061104-00061624 my regular pastels apply pretty well to the surface it's not a really slick surface Vya8DjCy_cE-00098-00061624-00062272 it's got a little bit of a little bit of texture to it not like grittiness um or like Vya8DjCy_cE-00099-00062272-00062888 bumpiness um but i again i find the pastels apply pretty nicely now i'm just using a little Vya8DjCy_cE-00100-00062888-00063400 gray pastel as i've been talking here to kind of get in some of the value he does have Vya8DjCy_cE-00101-00063400-00064240 she does have a little bit of a shadow behind her head now i'm using it's almost like a minty Vya8DjCy_cE-00102-00064240-00064904 blue green the top of the head when i squint my eyes and look at the reference image i wanted to Vya8DjCy_cE-00103-00064904-00065416 go ahead and add my lightest values first that's why i added that white i knew that was the widest Vya8DjCy_cE-00104-00065416-00066016 lightest value of the whole duck like the sun is coming kind of from the top right Vya8DjCy_cE-00105-00066072-00066864 and but that's why i chose to use that minty green on the left side our left not the ducks left Vya8DjCy_cE-00106-00066960-00067480 on that side because i know the duck's feathers on his head are still the same color white as Vya8DjCy_cE-00107-00067480-00068032 they are on the top but it's a little bit in shadow not a lot right there and so if you use Vya8DjCy_cE-00108-00068032-00068920 some cooler lighter values that is going to make the brain realize that side of the duck's head is Vya8DjCy_cE-00109-00068920-00069536 still white but it's it's a little bit on the cooler side um where shadows usually are and Vya8DjCy_cE-00110-00069536-00070160 um so i'm doing the same thing around other areas that aren't quite as white as the top of his head Vya8DjCy_cE-00111-00070160-00071056 there and that's going to start carving in those values and making this shape this animal this duck Vya8DjCy_cE-00112-00071056-00071680 look three-dimensional now i've gotten a little bit of a darker value this is kind of a blue Vya8DjCy_cE-00113-00071680-00072400 almost like a teal blue in a way and i saw that there's some shadows around the eye behind the eye Vya8DjCy_cE-00114-00072456-00073040 down in the little crevices around that beak where the beak meets the feathers also kind of where i'm Vya8DjCy_cE-00115-00073040-00073744 working down underneath that side of the head down where the head meets the neck and also too Vya8DjCy_cE-00116-00073744-00074192 you know i you could probably see i was blending oh there's the kneaded eraser i was talking about Vya8DjCy_cE-00117-00074192-00074568 i also like that you can squeeze it and bend it and make a little point if you need to get Vya8DjCy_cE-00118-00074568-00075000 in to erase something mine was really dirty it doesn't look like that out of the package like Vya8DjCy_cE-00119-00075000-00075616 i said it looks like it's just a little square gray piece of clay but it works really great now Vya8DjCy_cE-00120-00075616-00076296 i'm getting in some um little marks around the eye that i'll develop further as i go the shape Vya8DjCy_cE-00121-00076296-00076872 of this eye is what's going to give this duck the personality it almost seemed sweet almost like it Vya8DjCy_cE-00122-00076872-00077536 was um almost winking up from the bottom of the eye a little bit you know how when you smile Vya8DjCy_cE-00123-00077536-00078280 um even with people in portraits there's usually you can give a little personality an expression Vya8DjCy_cE-00124-00078280-00078872 to an eye if you raise that bottom eyelid a little bit and you can do that just with color and value Vya8DjCy_cE-00125-00078936-00079368 it doesn't have to be a drawing or a line or anything like that so you'll see me develop Vya8DjCy_cE-00126-00079368-00079976 that eye a little further as i work now i am going to apologize once again not in my studio Vya8DjCy_cE-00127-00079976-00080704 i didn't have my camera in the exact spot so when i get a little that i needed for a good um Vya8DjCy_cE-00128-00080808-00081320 lesson for you guys to see so occasionally because these old eyes are getting older even Vya8DjCy_cE-00129-00081320-00081768 with my reader glasses occasionally i get my head a little bit closer to see better Vya8DjCy_cE-00130-00081768-00082360 and it's going to get a little bit blurry so i still think you can see good enough to recreate Vya8DjCy_cE-00131-00082360-00083008 this now look at that blue same blue that i used on the eye to the back of the eye i think it's Vya8DjCy_cE-00132-00083008-00083448 the same it's pretty much the same color it might be no this one's a little bluer not quite as teal Vya8DjCy_cE-00133-00083448-00083912 but i'm just getting in that shadow area there is a shadow under his head and under his beak Vya8DjCy_cE-00134-00084000-00084688 that's being cast from the sunlight and the beak um underneath it and so i'm just using this pastel Vya8DjCy_cE-00135-00084688-00085240 to just kind of block in a little bit of those shadows remember too to use directional strokes Vya8DjCy_cE-00136-00085240-00085832 like i'm doing notice how i kind of curved that area rather than doing some kind of vertical lines Vya8DjCy_cE-00137-00085832-00086392 it gives the impression that there is form to this duck same here what i'm doing here Vya8DjCy_cE-00138-00086392-00086984 giving a little bit of direction i'd like to share here a little bit too about the difference between Vya8DjCy_cE-00139-00087056-00087800 unsanded paper if you've been researching pastel painting at all you've probably learned i i did Vya8DjCy_cE-00140-00087800-00088368 not learn this early on that there are sanded papers literally kind of like sandpaper that are Vya8DjCy_cE-00141-00088368-00088944 really great to work on if you're a pastel artist it allows for a lot of layering and Vya8DjCy_cE-00142-00088944-00089816 but i'm finding too that it has its advantages but its disadvantages i find that often when we have Vya8DjCy_cE-00143-00089816-00090352 a sanded paper which are very expensive by the way or i shouldn't say very expensive but more Vya8DjCy_cE-00144-00090352-00090912 expensive than drawing paper that's sometimes because we have layering ability we also have Vya8DjCy_cE-00145-00090912-00091472 the ability to kind of cover up our mistakes or maybe be a little more haphazard with our Vya8DjCy_cE-00146-00091472-00092232 painting or sketching and with unsanded paper an advantage for me anyway is that i find that i'm Vya8DjCy_cE-00147-00092232-00093024 more purposeful with my mark making and with my layering my color choices and my value choices Vya8DjCy_cE-00148-00093024-00093632 i tend to get it or try to get it right the first time rather than being a little bit lazy Vya8DjCy_cE-00149-00093632-00094144 or haphazard knowing that oh i can correct that later because i've got plenty of layering ability Vya8DjCy_cE-00150-00094144-00094736 so because there's not much layering ability you want to get strokes that are very purposeful and Vya8DjCy_cE-00151-00094736-00095360 i think it will cause you to do that and i think you end up with a pastel sketch or pastel painting Vya8DjCy_cE-00152-00095360-00096152 that is more accurate and more gestural and fresh with color that's another personal artistic Vya8DjCy_cE-00153-00096152-00096904 goal of mine is to have purposeful purposeful let me say that again purposeful strokes and Vya8DjCy_cE-00154-00096976-00097552 also to have fresh color what happens the more layers that you add as you just keep adding and Vya8DjCy_cE-00155-00097552-00098232 adding layers to a nice pastel paper you lose that freshness of color and your painting becomes flat Vya8DjCy_cE-00156-00098232-00098784 your colors become muted and grayed and they lose that vibrancy that's inherent to pastels Vya8DjCy_cE-00157-00098864-00099600 so i think that is an advantage of unsanded paper is you will most likely try to become a bit Vya8DjCy_cE-00158-00099600-00100424 more purposeful and careful perhaps now i've been working on the ducks bill here and you can see Vya8DjCy_cE-00159-00100424-00101016 that i've added some little maybe sort of like gestural lines with a darker kind of rusty color Vya8DjCy_cE-00160-00101016-00101568 in the areas where the values are darker and i added a little bit of an orangey color not that Vya8DjCy_cE-00161-00101568-00102224 yellow that i just used there kind of like that orangey color in other areas where there is going Vya8DjCy_cE-00162-00102224-00103016 to be a bit more shadow not quite as much shadow as that darker rusty orange but mostly once again Vya8DjCy_cE-00163-00103016-00103800 consider the light source which is most likely up above and to the right so the our left side of the Vya8DjCy_cE-00164-00103800-00104408 bill is going to be a little bit darker than the top of the bill where the sunlight is hitting so Vya8DjCy_cE-00165-00104408-00104928 i used a little bit of that medium orange value there now we don't have to just use Vya8DjCy_cE-00166-00104928-00105535 rusty colors and orange colors even though our brain tells us a duck's bill is orange or yellow Vya8DjCy_cE-00167-00105535-00106176 we know that some light and shadows are happening here so i went ahead and got that blue and added Vya8DjCy_cE-00168-00106176-00106768 that to the shadow side of the bill because that once again that's always say in my videos uh if Vya8DjCy_cE-00169-00106768-00107216 you want to know what colors to use in a shadow think about what happens to you where you're Vya8DjCy_cE-00170-00107216-00107783 when you're in the shadow of a tree you cool off right it's cooler the temperatures are cooler so Vya8DjCy_cE-00171-00107783-00108328 we can often use those blues or those purples in shadow areas no matter what the subject matter is Vya8DjCy_cE-00172-00108440-00108952 you know within reason so just still developing this duck's beak as far as Vya8DjCy_cE-00173-00108952-00109480 the values go right now and if you notice not right now but when you see my head in the frame Vya8DjCy_cE-00174-00109559-00110272 notice how many times i turn my head to look at my reference image it's my ipad that's down below me Vya8DjCy_cE-00175-00110272-00111200 and i am doing this a lot because of this subject matter this is a form that requires accuracy like Vya8DjCy_cE-00176-00111200-00111840 i said animals and people i had one of my patrons in my patreon group by the way my patreon group is Vya8DjCy_cE-00177-00112111-00112608 susan patreon.com it's a group where uh or a means where you can support this channel for five Vya8DjCy_cE-00178-00112608-00113096 dollars a month and get some extra content it's really cool we have a lot of perks in the patreon Vya8DjCy_cE-00179-00113096-00113496 group and we have a lot of fun i get to see what you guys paint too which is really neat for me Vya8DjCy_cE-00180-00113568-00114200 so one of my patrons said that she noticed that when i was painting a landscape that often i'm Vya8DjCy_cE-00181-00114200-00114744 not looking back at the image that much and she actually already figured it out herself because Vya8DjCy_cE-00182-00114744-00115264 that's how she paints is because sometimes we just use the reference image of a landscape Vya8DjCy_cE-00183-00115264-00115911 for inspiration and then we can kind of interpret it a little bit ourselves as we kind of get the Vya8DjCy_cE-00184-00115911-00116432 generalities down but with a person or an animal we definitely need that accuracy Vya8DjCy_cE-00185-00116432-00116840 so it is good to keep looking back at your reference image now you've watched me Vya8DjCy_cE-00186-00116840-00117432 get a little layering in once again i'm just using value and color i've probably used less than 10 Vya8DjCy_cE-00187-00117432-00118096 pastels at this point and it's already starting to get that feeling of being three-dimensional Vya8DjCy_cE-00188-00118096-00118656 so i didn't get in my darkest dark values first notice i had originally put down kind Vya8DjCy_cE-00189-00118656-00119240 of that medium medium to dark blue in the shadowy areas and now i'm going back this is kind of a Vya8DjCy_cE-00190-00119304-00120016 bluish i'm sorry purplish dark kind of a purplish neutral dark that i am now Vya8DjCy_cE-00191-00120016-00120632 developing my darker shadowy areas which is definitely going to make this form uh have that Vya8DjCy_cE-00192-00120632-00121320 three-dimensional feel but you can see that i am able to get some layering on top of each other a Vya8DjCy_cE-00193-00121320-00121824 lot of people too think that with soft pastels or these are they're still considered soft pastels Vya8DjCy_cE-00194-00121824-00122256 even though they're a little harder but that you can't mix colors well you can't mix them in the Vya8DjCy_cE-00195-00122256-00122864 traditional way like oils acrylics and watercolor but you actually can get color mixing that happens Vya8DjCy_cE-00196-00122920-00123520 via an illusion of layering colors if you layer your colors rather gently Vya8DjCy_cE-00197-00123648-00124320 then one color is going to kind of influence the other as you kind of see through them now Vya8DjCy_cE-00198-00124320-00125008 that doesn't happen as much when you have really hard strokes but if you do kind of a light touch Vya8DjCy_cE-00199-00125008-00125520 light to medium touch and you layer some colors they do influence each other and you can actually Vya8DjCy_cE-00200-00125520-00126183 get some new colors by combining two colors it's also neat sometimes too you can make your own Vya8DjCy_cE-00201-00126183-00126880 neutrals by layering colors that are complements of each other and that's another video i actually Vya8DjCy_cE-00202-00126880-00127376 have a video on that by the way all right you see how i'm even developing the beak more i'm putting Vya8DjCy_cE-00203-00127376-00128216 some of the darker rusty colors in areas that are either in shadow more or they're just in an area Vya8DjCy_cE-00204-00128216-00128680 that's a little tighter in towards the face and they're a little darker so it's starting to get a Vya8DjCy_cE-00205-00128680-00129183 little form to that beak as well another important thing not just the eye but it's the position of Vya8DjCy_cE-00206-00129183-00129735 that nostril and i play around with that a little bit too i know that i still have a little bit of Vya8DjCy_cE-00207-00129735-00130416 flexibility here to change some things but i'm still not doing any really hard strokes yet Vya8DjCy_cE-00208-00130416-00131024 because i want that flexibility of layering and still kind of correcting things so a little uh Vya8DjCy_cE-00209-00131096-00131680 gracie is starting to take shape here and i'm really almost done here but i do want to zoom Vya8DjCy_cE-00210-00131680-00132144 in here and show you about the eye this is what i was talking about when i said you can make some Vya8DjCy_cE-00211-00132144-00133056 just some little marks of value and positioning to give the impression that the eye is almost smiling Vya8DjCy_cE-00212-00133056-00133552 and now i'm using my dark pastel i think this is i think this actually might be a black even though Vya8DjCy_cE-00213-00133552-00134064 don't work with black very often it had a little sharp corner to it and i was able to kind of Vya8DjCy_cE-00214-00134064-00134640 reshape this eye once again the shape of the eye getting it accurate is very important to Vya8DjCy_cE-00215-00134640-00135144 capture that personality and now i'm really almost done i think i'm going to go and Vya8DjCy_cE-00216-00135240-00136000 just work on that nostril a little bit more and let it remain rather sketchy once again Vya8DjCy_cE-00217-00136000-00136576 hence pastel sketching i'm not going to fill that background in with black or anything Vya8DjCy_cE-00218-00136576-00137272 and i recommend you do a lot of these have some fun get some drawing paper and play Vya8DjCy_cE-00219-00137272-00137792 you know often we just get too serious and we forget to enjoy the journey i've already got Vya8DjCy_cE-00220-00137792-00138304 some other paintings completed for more on the farm theme and this one actually yes was even Vya8DjCy_cE-00221-00138304-00138752 done on the gray drawing paper the same type of paper believe it or not and if you recreate from Vya8DjCy_cE-00222-00138752-00139208 any of my videos i would love it if you would tag me at all of those links that you see here Vya8DjCy_cE-00223-00139208-00139696 at my end screen and if you're a patron of mine i know i'm gonna get to see what you create in Vya8DjCy_cE-00224-00139696-00140720 our patreon groups all right guys happy painting i can't wait to bring you more fun farm content V_BWMQ2-q1I-00000-00000362-00000798 Went down to New Orleans, got on a fence, Tom Turkey in the buckwheat straw. V_BWMQ2-q1I-00001-00000798-00001305 Dutchman asked me if I talk French, That's nine points of the law; V_BWMQ2-q1I-00002-00001305-00001726 Hit 'em in the head with a great big brick, Tom Turkey in the buckwheat straw, V_BWMQ2-q1I-00003-00001726-00002226 Didn't I make that darn fool look sick, That's nine points of the law; V_BWMQ2-q1I-00004-00002226-00002788 Turkey in a straw, turkey in a straw; Roll a web of straw 'round to hide the turkey's paw V_BWMQ2-q1I-00005-00002804-00003130 And we'll shake 'em up a tune called Turkey in a straw. V_BWMQ2-q1I-00006-00003402-00003768 Tobacco is an Indian weed, Tom Turkey in the buckwheat straw, V_BWMQ2-q1I-00007-00003768-00004004 From the devil tobacco did seed. V_BWMQ2-q1I-00008-00004004-00004464 That's nine points of the law; Rots your pocket, scents your clothes, V_BWMQ2-q1I-00009-00004464-00004655 Tom Turkey in a buckwheat straw. V_BWMQ2-q1I-00010-00004655-00004879 Makes a chimney of your nose. V_BWMQ2-q1I-00011-00004879-00005576 That's nine points of the law; Turkey in a straw, turkey in a straw; V_BWMQ2-q1I-00012-00005576-00005732 Roll a web of straw 'round to hide the turkey's paw, V_BWMQ2-q1I-00013-00005732-00006144 And we'll shake 'em up a tune called Turkey in a straw. V_BWMQ2-q1I-00014-00006144-00006678 Turkey in a straw, turkey in a straw; Roll a web of straw 'round to hide the turkey's V_BWMQ2-q1I-00015-00006678-00006850 paw, And we'll shake 'em up a tune called Turkey V_BWMQ2-q1I-00016-00006850-00006950 in a straw. VCnURO7utdE-00000-00000506-00001059 THE AT-SEA PORTION OF SAHARAN EXPRESS 2014 BEGAN MONDAY OFF THE WEST AFRICAN COAST. VCnURO7utdE-00001-00001059-00001558 THE U.S. NAVY PARTNERED WITH AFRICAN AND EUROPEAN NAVAL FORCES DURING THE FOURTH ANNUAL EXERCISE. VCnURO7utdE-00002-00001558-00002045 SAHARAN EXPRESS IS A MARITIME EXERCISE TO IMPROVE COOPERATION AND OPERATIONAL STRATEGIES VCnURO7utdE-00003-00002045-00002166 AMONG NATIONS. VCnURO7utdE-00004-00002166-00002615 14 PARTNER NATIONS ARE PARTICIPATING IN THE AT-SEA PORTION OF THE EXERCISE. VCnURO7utdE-00005-00002615-00003173 THE NAVY'S FIRST JOINT HIGH SPEED VESSEL, USNS SPEARHEAD, IS ONE OF 11 SHIPS PARTICIPATING VCnURO7utdE-00006-00003173-00003326 IN SAHARAN EXPRESS. VCnURO7utdE-00007-00003326-00003810 THE EXERCISE INCLUDES TRAINING SCENARIOS IN MEDICAL RESPONSE, RADIO COMMUNICATION, AND VCnURO7utdE-00008-00003810-00003969 INFORMATION SHARING. VCnURO7utdE-00009-00003969-00004471 THESE SCENARIOS SIMULATE ACTUAL OPERATIONS FOR COUNTER PIRACY AND TRAFFICKING ACTIVITIES. VCnURO7utdE-00010-00004471-00004909 THIS TRAINING ALIGNS WITH ONE OF THE CNO'S TENETS TO OPERATE FORWARD WHILE STRENGTHENING VCnURO7utdE-00011-00004909-00005116 PARTNERSHIPS WITH U.S. ALLIES. VCnURO7utdE-00012-00005116-00005401 FROM THE DEFENSE MEDIA ACTIVITY, I'M PETTY OFFICER JEN BLAKE. VF3ek3MEDTQ-00000-00000290-00000713 I'm Ryan Baxter a professor for the Penn VF3ek3MEDTQ-00001-00000556-00001019 State course Environmental Applications VF3ek3MEDTQ-00002-00000713-00001184 of GIS. If you're interested in the VF3ek3MEDTQ-00003-00001019-00001400 natural world and how people interact VF3ek3MEDTQ-00004-00001184-00001592 with it and how we might use GIS to VF3ek3MEDTQ-00005-00001400-00001930 study it then I really recommend you VF3ek3MEDTQ-00006-00001592-00002171 take this class. I imagine that the word VF3ek3MEDTQ-00007-00001930-00002377 environmental means different things to VF3ek3MEDTQ-00008-00002171-00002513 different people so we'll have VF3ek3MEDTQ-00009-00002377-00002816 discussions about what exactly VF3ek3MEDTQ-00010-00002513-00003023 environmental GIS is and work through VF3ek3MEDTQ-00011-00002816-00003257 exercises that approach the environment VF3ek3MEDTQ-00012-00003023-00003472 from a variety of angles. For example VF3ek3MEDTQ-00013-00003257-00003686 sewage treatment plants produce a great VF3ek3MEDTQ-00014-00003472-00003959 deal of solid waste and it has to go VF3ek3MEDTQ-00015-00003686-00004265 somewhere. So we'll use GIS to create a VF3ek3MEDTQ-00016-00003959-00004457 map of groundwater vulnerability so the VF3ek3MEDTQ-00017-00004265-00004637 waste can be disposed in areas where it VF3ek3MEDTQ-00018-00004457-00004976 won't impact sources of drinking water. VF3ek3MEDTQ-00019-00004637-00005279 Or maybe we know that a certain species VF3ek3MEDTQ-00020-00004976-00005555 of bird prefers habitat just along the VF3ek3MEDTQ-00021-00005279-00005756 edges of forests. We'll use GIS to VF3ek3MEDTQ-00022-00005555-00006047 measure the amount of forest edge that's VF3ek3MEDTQ-00023-00005756-00006380 created or lost by deforestation to VF3ek3MEDTQ-00024-00006047-00006584 identify critical areas. There are lots VF3ek3MEDTQ-00025-00006380-00006794 of ways GIS can be used to help us VF3ek3MEDTQ-00026-00006584-00007058 interact with the natural world in an VF3ek3MEDTQ-00027-00006794-00007283 informed way. So in these and other VF3ek3MEDTQ-00028-00007058-00007565 topics will discuss the kinds of data we VF3ek3MEDTQ-00029-00007283-00007718 need where to get it and the GIS tools VF3ek3MEDTQ-00030-00007565-00008023 that are best suited to help us answer VF3ek3MEDTQ-00031-00007718-00008258 these questions. This course is a lot of VF3ek3MEDTQ-00032-00008023-00008480 fun and it'll challenge you to deploy VF3ek3MEDTQ-00033-00008258-00008717 GIS in ways that perhaps you hadn't VF3ek3MEDTQ-00034-00008480-00008927 before. After taking it you'll be well VF3ek3MEDTQ-00035-00008717-00009119 equipped to develop databases and GIS VF3ek3MEDTQ-00036-00008927-00009377 workflows in your own application areas VF3ek3MEDTQ-00037-00009119-00009584 and also help you think about how best VF3ek3MEDTQ-00038-00009377-00009875 to communicate your results to what is VF3ek3MEDTQ-00039-00009584-00010103 very likely a diverse and complex group VF3ek3MEDTQ-00040-00009875-00010354 of stakeholders I really look forward to VF3ek3MEDTQ-00041-00010103-00010354 seeing you in class VImstFioN3Y-00000-00000126-00000531 Eric Green: Okay. Well, good morning, everyone. And welcome VImstFioN3Y-00001-00000531-00001056 to this important National Human Genome Research Institute Workshop. I’m Eric Green, director VImstFioN3Y-00002-00001056-00001741 of NHGRI, and I want to welcome all of you here. Thank you for being here and thank you VImstFioN3Y-00003-00001741-00002243 in advance for what’s going to be a very important couple of days both for NHGRI and VImstFioN3Y-00004-00002243-00002488 also for the field of genomics. VImstFioN3Y-00005-00002488-00002877 I want to start by apologizing to some of you, not that I had any control over it, I VImstFioN3Y-00006-00002877-00003282 know there was some travel issues that came up with some storms in the U.S. I know some VImstFioN3Y-00007-00003282-00003839 of you got in very late or in some cases very early this morning. On the other hand, I can VImstFioN3Y-00008-00003839-00004539 tell you the weather here is not bad for Bethesda/Washington D.C. area for late July. Not nearly as horrible VImstFioN3Y-00009-00004562-00004867 as it can be. Of course, we’re not going to let you get outside very much, so you’re VImstFioN3Y-00010-00004867-00005292 not really going to be able to appreciate that weather. But truly I do want to say thanks VImstFioN3Y-00011-00005292-00005735 and I want to say a few things about how appreciative I am, and the Institute is for all of you VImstFioN3Y-00012-00005735-00006236 coming and helping us. I’ll tell you, I’ve been Director of the Institute now for four VImstFioN3Y-00013-00006236-00006778 and a half years and I am consistently gratified to see how willing and responsive the community VImstFioN3Y-00014-00006778-00007359 is to when we invite them to come help us and give us input. It is just remarkable. VImstFioN3Y-00015-00007359-00007684 And it’s particularly gratifying considering we don’t really treat you all that well, VImstFioN3Y-00016-00007684-00008062 to be honest with you, with all the new government regulations. We don’t feed you well or water VImstFioN3Y-00017-00008062-00008441 you particularly well, and yet you seem to want to come to Bethesda, even in the middle VImstFioN3Y-00018-00008441-00008999 of the summer. So, really, thanks genuinely for the kind of input that you routinely give VImstFioN3Y-00019-00008999-00009561 us and without it I don’t think NHGRI would be nearly as effective as they have been for VImstFioN3Y-00020-00009561-00010044 many years. I also want to give a special thanks to our Sequencing Advisory Panel, all VImstFioN3Y-00021-00010044-00010404 members of which -- many members of which, most members of which are here, who are deeply VImstFioN3Y-00022-00010404-00010970 involved in the program that we’re here to talk about on an on-going basis. Also, VImstFioN3Y-00023-00010970-00011367 thanks to members of the National Advisory Council for Human Genome Research, our council VImstFioN3Y-00024-00011367-00011865 members; again many of them are here, and those who are not here are actually also quite VImstFioN3Y-00025-00011865-00012006 engaged in this process. VImstFioN3Y-00026-00012006-00012372 Some of you may be familiar with the fact that through our open session of our council VImstFioN3Y-00027-00012372-00012938 meetings starting in February and then again in May. We began this process of taking an VImstFioN3Y-00028-00012938-00013488 important look at our Genome Sequencing Program in anticipation both of this workshop and VImstFioN3Y-00029-00013488-00013968 also the activities that will take place and steps that will take place beyond this workshop VImstFioN3Y-00030-00013968-00014498 that will very much involve both our sequencing advisors and our advisory council. I’ll VImstFioN3Y-00031-00014498-00014943 also say thanks to those who are joining by live video cast. We are being very open about VImstFioN3Y-00032-00014943-00015431 this meeting. We want the community engaged in this planning process. And so we have a VImstFioN3Y-00033-00015431-00015851 live video cast going. And those who can’t watch it live will be able to watch it in VImstFioN3Y-00034-00015851-00016506 video archive. All that will be made available on our GenomeTV channel of YouTube. And finally, VImstFioN3Y-00035-00016506-00017048 and to keep up with the social movements, if you will, we thank any of you who are going VImstFioN3Y-00036-00017048-00017610 to be participating in our live Twitter feed. If you’re interested, the hashtag is #gspfuture, VImstFioN3Y-00037-00017610-00018206 and there’ll be Twitter feeds going on about this workshop for both days. VImstFioN3Y-00038-00018206-00018815 So, what I thought I would do to open this workshop is to really provide a context, and VImstFioN3Y-00039-00018815-00019248 I really want to sort of bring you through several levels of context, sort of very general VImstFioN3Y-00040-00019248-00019740 context first, then the relevant context, and then the very specific context, and you’ll VImstFioN3Y-00041-00019740-00020288 see what I mean as I progress through my slides. I think the general context for this workshop VImstFioN3Y-00042-00020288-00020988 is sort of deeply rooted in NHGRI’s culture and it relates to strategic planning. In fact, VImstFioN3Y-00043-00021004-00021399 I can make the tongue-in-cheek comment that strategic planning is sort of in our DNA, VImstFioN3Y-00044-00021399-00021874 in some ways. And the reason for this, of course, the origins of our Institute and the VImstFioN3Y-00045-00021874-00022245 field, in some ways with the Human Genome Project, which we’re very much guided by VImstFioN3Y-00046-00022245-00022804 both the process of strategic planning and also the products of that in very well-articulated VImstFioN3Y-00047-00022804-00023246 published strategic plans. When the Genome Project ended, I think all of you are aware VImstFioN3Y-00048-00023246-00023679 that the Institute worked hard to put out a vision for genomics beyond the Genome Project, VImstFioN3Y-00049-00023679-00024315 publishing this strategic vision in 2003 and then when that strategic vision needed updating VImstFioN3Y-00050-00024315-00024901 the process was repeated yet again, and led to this strategic plan in 2011. VImstFioN3Y-00051-00024901-00025409 This strategic plan is what I would describe as the relevant context for this workshop. VImstFioN3Y-00052-00025409-00026004 This is NHGRI’s current sort of strategic view of what needs to happen in genomics from VImstFioN3Y-00053-00026004-00026483 which we decide what we’re going to be doing more specifically. It was published now several VImstFioN3Y-00054-00026483-00026997 years ago, but I think it remains quite fresh and relevant. And I will tell you, it is still VImstFioN3Y-00055-00026997-00027419 used on a weekly basis, if not a daily basis for guiding essentially all the things being VImstFioN3Y-00056-00027419-00027762 pursued by NHGRI. VImstFioN3Y-00057-00027762-00028419 The centerpiece of the strategic plan in visual form is Figure 2, which is this iconic figure VImstFioN3Y-00058-00028419-00028980 that really does provide an organizing framework for our programs, both our past programs, VImstFioN3Y-00059-00028980-00029430 our present programs, and our future programs. And I already know you will see this graphic VImstFioN3Y-00060-00029430-00029936 again in some, at least one or two other speakers’ talks, because again, I think even our speakers VImstFioN3Y-00061-00029936-00030636 think about areas of our interest for NHGRI, they recognize to frame it within this organizing VImstFioN3Y-00062-00030727-00031249 structure, if you will. I assume almost everybody here is familiar with this, along the top, VImstFioN3Y-00063-00031249-00031667 from left to right are sort of these research domains that progress from more basic-oriented VImstFioN3Y-00064-00031667-00032164 activities in genomics to more clinically-oriented activities. And then down below are these VImstFioN3Y-00065-00032164-00032742 hypothetical density plots that reflect, again, hypothetical accomplishments over different VImstFioN3Y-00066-00032742-00033248 time intervals, starting with the human genome project, and then immediately after the Genome VImstFioN3Y-00067-00033248-00033948 Project, then the decade we’re currently living in, and then the decade beyond 2020. VImstFioN3Y-00068-00033987-00034424 Focusing in on the current decade, in particular the reason why I think this provides very VImstFioN3Y-00069-00034424-00034844 relevant context is, is to appreciate that what we’re going to talk about with the VImstFioN3Y-00070-00034844-00035498 Genome Sequencing Program, both current and I predict future opportunities in genomics, VImstFioN3Y-00071-00035498-00036057 really very much touch on sort of all the areas represented across these five domains, VImstFioN3Y-00072-00036057-00036518 although I can almost reduce them to three major areas that I like to think of it as, VImstFioN3Y-00073-00036518-00037008 and you can see even in this decade and certainly beyond, continued accomplishments in each VImstFioN3Y-00074-00037008-00037533 of these areas. On the more basic genomics side of things, genome structure and function, VImstFioN3Y-00075-00037533-00038003 thinking a lot about and being productive in areas such as genomic variation, genome VImstFioN3Y-00076-00038003-00038676 function and of course the development and implementation and refinement of genomic technologies. VImstFioN3Y-00077-00038676-00039191 In thinking more about these, the more middle domain related to genomics and disease, of VImstFioN3Y-00078-00039191-00039689 course, I call that discovery research, and we’ll hear a lot about the relevance of VImstFioN3Y-00079-00039689-00040147 our current program, and thinking going forward what NHGRI should be doing in the discovery VImstFioN3Y-00080-00040147-00040676 realm. Thinking about trying to elucidate the genomic basis for rare and common diseases, VImstFioN3Y-00081-00040676-00041161 for cancer, for defining variants and their relevance to health and resistance to disease, VImstFioN3Y-00082-00041161-00041503 for example, and also pharmacogenomics. VImstFioN3Y-00083-00041503-00041970 The newest area, of course, for the Institute and for the field is the more clinically-oriented VImstFioN3Y-00084-00041970-00042559 domains I put under the framework of genomic medicine. Looking at real clinical utility, VImstFioN3Y-00085-00042559-00043068 and now as, as we have done, starting programs to start to build a foundation that maybe VImstFioN3Y-00086-00043068-00043471 doesn’t show a whole lot of heat, if you will, this decade. But we certainly believe VImstFioN3Y-00087-00043471-00044056 is building a foundation that will really provide hopefully robust productivity in genomic VImstFioN3Y-00088-00044056-00044581 medicine in the years to come. But I think each of these three areas, basic discovery VImstFioN3Y-00089-00044581-00045003 genomic medicine, are all relevant to what we’re going to talk about in thinking about VImstFioN3Y-00090-00045003-00045414 the current landscape, but also thinking about how to make sure we’re highly productive VImstFioN3Y-00091-00045414-00045681 in that future landscape. VImstFioN3Y-00092-00045681-00046149 What we’re really here to talk about, now focusing on the very specific context of this VImstFioN3Y-00093-00046149-00046717 workshop, and keeping in mind the general context of our strategic planning efforts, VImstFioN3Y-00094-00046717-00047199 and the relevant context of our current strategic plan is, of course, the specific aspects of VImstFioN3Y-00095-00047199-00047813 our flagship program. And I would regard our Genome Sequencing Program as NHGRI’s flagship. VImstFioN3Y-00096-00047813-00048141 And if you’d note, I even found a picture that had a little flag on the lead ship to VImstFioN3Y-00097-00048141-00048560 specifically designate it, although, it didn’t have any DNA icons on it, although I looked VImstFioN3Y-00098-00048560-00049002 for that, but didn’t find it. In any case, there’s two things I want to now go through VImstFioN3Y-00099-00049002-00049566 in describing what we are looking for from this workshop, and to give you the context VImstFioN3Y-00100-00049566-00050025 to help us get what we’re, we are looking for with respect to this flagship program. VImstFioN3Y-00101-00050025-00050663 One, its history, and two, its characteristics. So, let’s start, then, with the history. VImstFioN3Y-00102-00050663-00051162 So, I thought it would be very useful for, to go through and remind everybody what has VImstFioN3Y-00103-00051162-00051659 been the history of our Genome Sequencing Program over the years. And I’m going to VImstFioN3Y-00104-00051659-00052141 put this sort of in a timeline, although it’s not exactly precise, the way it’s measured, VImstFioN3Y-00105-00052141-00052566 but you’ll get the general idea. Now, of course, it’s also important to recognize VImstFioN3Y-00106-00052566-00053091 that the program over the years has changed quite a bit, as it should, because the science VImstFioN3Y-00107-00053091-00053530 has changed and because the opportunities have changed. The origins of all of this, VImstFioN3Y-00108-00053530-00054042 of course, was the Human Genome Project, what NHGRI was actually created to help lead the VImstFioN3Y-00109-00054042-00054402 NIH’s effort in the Human Genome Project and I don’t need to tell this audience the VImstFioN3Y-00110-00054402-00054939 success of that endeavor or really what it accomplished. Near the end of the Human Genome VImstFioN3Y-00111-00054939-00055527 Project, there was a flurry of post-Human Genome Project planning efforts, not one discrete VImstFioN3Y-00112-00055527-00055954 workshop, but a whole series of workshops that obviously led to many things, including VImstFioN3Y-00113-00055954-00056654 the 2003 strategic plan. But among those flurry of planning activities came out an idea of VImstFioN3Y-00114-00056692-00057286 how to move forward in the genome sequencing arena and that led to the program then becoming VImstFioN3Y-00115-00057286-00057792 the Large Genome Sequencing Centers Program from about 2003 to 2006. VImstFioN3Y-00116-00057792-00058435 And there really were two major areas that were scientifically pursued at that time. VImstFioN3Y-00117-00058435-00058858 One was in the arena of comparative genomics and then one was the early days of studying VImstFioN3Y-00118-00058858-00059292 human genomic variation, particularly that was the starting up in significant efforts VImstFioN3Y-00119-00059292-00059924 in the HapMap Project. Near the end of that funding period came one of these classic workshops, VImstFioN3Y-00120-00059924-00060429 as we’re having here: a program review workshop in 2005 that specifically looked at our Large-Scale VImstFioN3Y-00121-00060429-00060894 Genome Sequencing Centers. And, in particular, we are very transparent about such things, VImstFioN3Y-00122-00060894-00061274 as we’ll be for this workshop, and if you want to go to our website you even can find VImstFioN3Y-00123-00061274-00061886 the executive summary from that workshop in 2005, and that is shown here. VImstFioN3Y-00124-00061886-00062300 That led to a renewal of the program which, once again, kept the name Large-Scale Genome VImstFioN3Y-00125-00062300-00062966 Sequencing Centers and that program ending up lasting from 2006 to 2011. It had a number VImstFioN3Y-00126-00062966-00063666 of areas that, I think, very much also reflected as we brought in scientific projects, reflected VImstFioN3Y-00127-00063679-00064223 the way that we started to change making decisions about what we were going to pursue in these VImstFioN3Y-00128-00064223-00064730 sequencing centers. So, the way that we actually took input and decided on projects also evolved VImstFioN3Y-00129-00064730-00065164 with, again, new opportunities. For example, that’s when some of the earliest cancer VImstFioN3Y-00130-00065164-00065611 sequencing or cancer genomics sort of came to the fore with the Tumor Sequencing Project, VImstFioN3Y-00131-00065611-00066182 which later then resulted in implementation of the Cancer Genome Atlas or TCGA Program, VImstFioN3Y-00132-00066182-00066617 which continues actually up to the present time. Medicinal sequencing was a major focus. VImstFioN3Y-00133-00066617-00067056 Pathogens and vectors became a focus in looking in the microbial world. And then we started VImstFioN3Y-00134-00067056-00067566 to also even go broader near the end of that funding period, where you saw some of the VImstFioN3Y-00135-00067566-00068049 earliest work in microbiome research and also came the launch of the next phase of genomic VImstFioN3Y-00136-00068049-00068499 variation studies, the 1000 Genomes. I would note that these last two areas, in particular, VImstFioN3Y-00137-00068499-00068991 have carried forward even into the current round of centers. Of course, near the end VImstFioN3Y-00138-00068991-00069489 of that came the need actually to once again look critically at the program. VImstFioN3Y-00139-00069489-00070018 And in 2009 there was another one of these program review workshops. And in particular, VImstFioN3Y-00140-00070018-00070580 I would note that in 2009 that particular workshop was actually held right here in this VImstFioN3Y-00141-00070580-00071063 hotel, actually it was one floor down, in the amphitheater that’s located on the lower VImstFioN3Y-00142-00071063-00071629 level. The efforts of that in 2009 was this report, which, once again, is available on, VImstFioN3Y-00143-00071629-00072096 on NHGRI’s website, if you want to go back and look up the history there. Coming out VImstFioN3Y-00144-00072096-00072669 of that 2009 workshop, this was eventually -- although there was a slight delay, but VImstFioN3Y-00145-00072669-00073326 there was eventually, the program was re-constituted and that has now yielded what is the current VImstFioN3Y-00146-00073326-00073987 four-component Genome Sequencing Program, which lasts basically through 2015 or so. VImstFioN3Y-00147-00073987-00074517 And I would say that in particular what we learned from the 2009 workshop that led to VImstFioN3Y-00148-00074517-00075064 the formulation of the current Genome Sequencing Program, and notice the name changed slightly VImstFioN3Y-00149-00075064-00075606 in the process now calling this program, was a focus on diversifying what we were doing VImstFioN3Y-00150-00075606-00076143 and in particular capitalizing on these exciting new sequencing technologies that really had VImstFioN3Y-00151-00076143-00076593 become available and were really ready for implementation on a large-scale. VImstFioN3Y-00152-00076593-00077064 So, what is the current program? For -- just as a reminder for those who might be familiar, VImstFioN3Y-00153-00077064-00077662 is four major components. The component that most resembled what had previously been our VImstFioN3Y-00154-00077662-00078114 Large-Scale Sequencing Centers is this component consisting of three centers, our Large-Scale VImstFioN3Y-00155-00078114-00078711 Genome Sequencing and Analysis Centers. We also though created a new program. The programs VImstFioN3Y-00156-00078711-00079241 Centers for Mendelian Genomics, three centers in particular, focusing on trying to elucidate VImstFioN3Y-00157-00079241-00079625 the genomic basis for the remaining Mendelian disorders for which we do not yet know the VImstFioN3Y-00158-00079625-00080192 genomic basis. The third component is our Clinical Sequencing and Exploratory Research VImstFioN3Y-00159-00080192-00080646 Program. I’d like to refer to a sort of taking out on a -- for a test drive genome VImstFioN3Y-00160-00080646-00081116 sequencing in the clinic. And we have nine centers, or nine groups, that are focused VImstFioN3Y-00161-00081116-00081556 on doing exactly that in a very exploratory way, and you’ll be hearing more about that. VImstFioN3Y-00162-00081556-00082136 And then we also heard at that 2009 workshop the need for enhancing our -- having the ability VImstFioN3Y-00163-00082136-00082836 of disseminating the tools, software bioinformatics computational necessary for analyzing genomic VImstFioN3Y-00164-00082877-00083243 data, in particular those coming out of these new sequencing technologies. And that gave VImstFioN3Y-00165-00083243-00083827 rise to this data science program called ISEEK Tools, which has about eight groups who are VImstFioN3Y-00166-00083827-00084368 funded pursue development of software tools for dissemination to the broader research VImstFioN3Y-00167-00084368-00084525 community. VImstFioN3Y-00168-00084525-00085225 So, this four-component program first of all has sort of continuation of microbiome research VImstFioN3Y-00169-00085241-00085720 to some extent, certainly continuation of 1000 Genomes, and TCGA is an example, but VImstFioN3Y-00170-00085720-00086206 also then emphasize common diseases, especially the large centers, Mendelian diseases, the VImstFioN3Y-00171-00086206-00086630 Centers for Mendelian Genomics clinical genomics at our CSER program, and the development of VImstFioN3Y-00172-00086630-00087330 computational tools, the ISEEK Tools Program, specifically. Now, over the course of history, VImstFioN3Y-00173-00087343-00087766 this intervals of time there have certainly been a changing number of funded centers over VImstFioN3Y-00174-00087766-00088423 the years and funded grantees. In 2003 to 2006 there were about five centers. By 2006 VImstFioN3Y-00175-00088423-00089039 to 2011, it was down to maybe three centers. But now in the current iteration of our program VImstFioN3Y-00176-00089039-00089477 with the four component programs there’s three of one type, three of another, nine VImstFioN3Y-00177-00089477-00089906 of one, and eight of the last one. So, you can see the numbers very much change as we VImstFioN3Y-00178-00089906-00090360 have gone to different time intervals and as we’ve diversified and changed the program. VImstFioN3Y-00179-00090360-00090887 So, where are we? Well, we are basically at this program review workshop in 2014 coming VImstFioN3Y-00180-00090887-00091389 to the end of the current funding period and, in essence, you are here. This is what we’re VImstFioN3Y-00181-00091389-00091924 here to do. It’s to help us figure out what to do going forward by taking stock of what VImstFioN3Y-00182-00091924-00092467 we have now, being cognizant of our history, and then being very strategic in going forward. VImstFioN3Y-00183-00092467-00092969 I was told I had to show this iconic graph, because it’s so much exemplifies -- actually VImstFioN3Y-00184-00092969-00093381 wasn’t in my original presentation. And I was told I would be remiss if I didn’t VImstFioN3Y-00185-00093381-00093911 show it, because it is so much the key driver for some programmatic decisions we’ve made VImstFioN3Y-00186-00093911-00094358 in the past and we will certainly make in the future. These costs have really plummeted, VImstFioN3Y-00187-00094358-00094737 as all of you know. I don’t even need to explain this graphic. But it also resulted VImstFioN3Y-00188-00094737-00095227 in our changing the scale of the overall program. This has had major effect on that. VImstFioN3Y-00189-00095227-00095682 During the Human Genome Project, at the very beginning of that timeline, the Institute VImstFioN3Y-00190-00095682-00096205 was investing in the order of $190 million into that sequencing program as it existed VImstFioN3Y-00191-00096205-00096573 then. And by the end of the current funding period it will have been reduced by almost VImstFioN3Y-00192-00096573-00097273 two-thirds or so. And yet, because of the outcome and the implications of this graphic, VImstFioN3Y-00193-00097364-00097727 we certainly have been able to not only retain the scale in terms of data production, we’ve VImstFioN3Y-00194-00097727-00098133 actually been able to grow substantially in terms of data production, even with substantially VImstFioN3Y-00195-00098133-00098569 less money, because of the obvious reductions in cost. And it’s not just cost, of course, VImstFioN3Y-00196-00098569-00099058 it’s also the speed, and many, many, many nuances associated as we’ve refined these VImstFioN3Y-00197-00099058-00099489 technologies and deployed them in various settings that have led to the current opportunities VImstFioN3Y-00198-00099489-00100125 as they exist. So, the goal of this workshop, of course, is to figure out and to tell us VImstFioN3Y-00199-00100125-00100605 your thoughts about how to move forward, help us to find the areas, and help us think about VImstFioN3Y-00200-00100605-00101006 architecturally what this might look like and that’s all now to be determined. VImstFioN3Y-00201-00101006-00101506 So, that’s the history and, I think, in some ways, part of the charge. But now I want VImstFioN3Y-00202-00101506-00102022 to just go through some of the characteristics of this flagship program, because I do think VImstFioN3Y-00203-00102022-00102575 the characteristics have really guided it very much so far. And I think we should really VImstFioN3Y-00204-00102575-00103130 think about critically going forward which of these characteristics to retain, and also VImstFioN3Y-00205-00103130-00103548 which ones have served us well, and others that may have served us not as well. So, I VImstFioN3Y-00206-00103548-00104020 sat down and I just made a list as somebody who has watched this over the years quite VImstFioN3Y-00207-00104020-00104424 closely and certainly over the last 4.5 years has thought about this a lot. What are sort VImstFioN3Y-00208-00104424-00105007 of the characteristic features of this flagship genome sequencing program, and, at least to VImstFioN3Y-00209-00105007-00105517 date, and I acknowledge it could change in the future? And I came up with seven characteristics, VImstFioN3Y-00210-00105517-00105898 this is my packaging of it, people could come up with different numbers, I suspect, or different VImstFioN3Y-00211-00105898-00106114 ways of describing this. VImstFioN3Y-00212-00106114-00106536 First thing about this flagship program is that, it’s large, and large defined mostly VImstFioN3Y-00213-00106536-00107036 by scale. I think a key characteristic feature is this has scientific scale associated with VImstFioN3Y-00214-00107036-00107564 what we can do. Second thing about it is very consortium-oriented. This is not a bunch of VImstFioN3Y-00215-00107564-00107995 people going off on their own and figuring what they want to do. It is very much a highly VImstFioN3Y-00216-00107995-00108546 integrated, interactive, consortium-based science endeavor, as it has been from the VImstFioN3Y-00217-00108546-00108976 first day of the Human Genome Project in many ways. As a result of that and very much the VImstFioN3Y-00218-00108976-00109676 way NHGRI likes to do business, it has highly managed. We establish in partnership with VImstFioN3Y-00219-00109682-00110142 our advisors, and also, with members of the participants’ programs, what the goals are. VImstFioN3Y-00220-00110142-00110686 I think we try to develop very clear goals, and then we work very hard at achieving success. VImstFioN3Y-00221-00110686-00111033 I think that has been a key characteristic of efforts, like the Human Genome Project, VImstFioN3Y-00222-00111033-00111448 1000 Genomes, Centers for Mendelian Genomics, and so forth. Goals are very important and VImstFioN3Y-00223-00111448-00111975 taken very seriously and we manage very, very energetically to try to attain those goals. VImstFioN3Y-00224-00111975-00112492 In addition to being large and consortium-oriented and highly managed, we look to see what we’re VImstFioN3Y-00225-00112492-00113042 producing. We aim to produce resources of broad utility and things that are going to VImstFioN3Y-00226-00113042-00113679 enhance the work of others. We look critically at the value of the data being generated, VImstFioN3Y-00227-00113679-00114223 and how it’s being used to make sure that what we’re generating is a usual resource. VImstFioN3Y-00228-00114223-00114739 I think a key thing about our program has always been technology advancing aspects of VImstFioN3Y-00229-00114739-00115320 it. I would contend that our genome sequencing program has been instrumental at helping to VImstFioN3Y-00230-00115320-00115732 refine the sequencing technologies that are now in common use, but were really, are always VImstFioN3Y-00231-00115732-00116317 rough off of that first version 1.0. And I think these -- the groups collectively have VImstFioN3Y-00232-00116317-00116732 always been very effective at helping to reduce to practice how these technologies really VImstFioN3Y-00233-00116732-00117214 are going to be used. Not only at big operations, but also at small operations, individual labs, VImstFioN3Y-00234-00117214-00117304 and so forth. VImstFioN3Y-00235-00117304-00117695 And that’s -- I should pause and say that’s not only just the technologies themselves, VImstFioN3Y-00236-00117695-00118221 the hardware, but also the data analysis and bioinformatics steps that are required, and VImstFioN3Y-00237-00118221-00118600 even the strategic approaches that are used for designing some of these programs. I think VImstFioN3Y-00238-00118600-00119024 exemplars is the word that comes to mind for me in thinking about tackling some of these VImstFioN3Y-00239-00119024-00119438 big programs and showing the right way to do them is one of the things we look for in VImstFioN3Y-00240-00119438-00119923 terms of technology advancing. At the same time we expect this program to be scientifically VImstFioN3Y-00241-00119923-00120339 and medically relevant. They can’t just achieve a lot, but not have it be important VImstFioN3Y-00242-00120339-00120819 on -- in terms of its relevance. We expect it to, in its discovery efforts, to truly VImstFioN3Y-00243-00120819-00121405 be addressing important scientific and medical questions, and also serve as pilots for what’s VImstFioN3Y-00244-00121405-00121805 going to come next. And I can think of several examples where some of the earliest pilots VImstFioN3Y-00245-00121805-00122294 that were tried in our flagship program later were scaled up considerably and became major VImstFioN3Y-00246-00122294-00122646 programs because the successes of those pilots. VImstFioN3Y-00247-00122646-00123083 And finally, one of the things we like to, I think we look for and expect is that the VImstFioN3Y-00248-00123083-00123529 program be at least relatively nimble, and be ready to seize opportunities when they VImstFioN3Y-00249-00123529-00123892 come up for -- no matter where they come up from. And these have, there many examples VImstFioN3Y-00250-00123892-00124357 I could site, but I think this is a very important characteristic, is that opportunities and, VImstFioN3Y-00251-00124357-00124783 certainly, now in biomedical research come up quickly, and I think this program needs VImstFioN3Y-00252-00124783-00124989 to be nimble to be able to address those. VImstFioN3Y-00253-00124989-00125533 Okay, so those are seven characteristics as far as I’m concerned. Going forward though, VImstFioN3Y-00254-00125533-00126044 what is NHGRI really looking for? What do we want? And I sort of listed a number of VImstFioN3Y-00255-00126044-00126405 things here that I think we’re looking for. For starters, I think we need to continue VImstFioN3Y-00256-00126405-00126827 to be genomic trailblazers. I make no claim anymore, in fact it’s completely not true VImstFioN3Y-00257-00126827-00127334 that NHGRI is the dominant footprint in genomics. If you look at NIH, genomics is everywhere VImstFioN3Y-00258-00127334-00127805 at NIH. And we have Institute and other NIH leadership actually attending this meeting, VImstFioN3Y-00259-00127805-00128159 because they have a significant interest in genomics, and far more money is being spent VImstFioN3Y-00260-00128159-00128859 in genomics at NIH outside of NHGRI than inside of NHGRI. But I expect us to be genomics trailblazers. VImstFioN3Y-00261-00128925-00129329 We should be doing this with respect to methods, and data analysis, and strategic approaches VImstFioN3Y-00262-00129329-00129788 for using genomics to tackling some of the most vexing and important problems. So we VImstFioN3Y-00263-00129788-00130292 want to look -- so how our flagship can continue to blaze the trail of what needs to happen VImstFioN3Y-00264-00130292-00130514 in genomics going forward. VImstFioN3Y-00265-00130514-00131023 We also need to align with our strategic vision and our strategic plan, and that’s why I VImstFioN3Y-00266-00131023-00131404 started with that. It’s to set the context. I think whatever we decide is necessary we VImstFioN3Y-00267-00131404-00131802 very much expect it’s going to be in alignment with our current view of our strategic vision VImstFioN3Y-00268-00131802-00132416 and plan. I also think that its overall or expected impact needs to correlate with program VImstFioN3Y-00269-00132416-00132913 size. It is a big program. It should have a big impact. If it’s not having its impact VImstFioN3Y-00270-00132913-00133347 as big as its size then we should think about what it should look like and maybe in a different VImstFioN3Y-00271-00133347-00133741 configuration. So, I do think we should be measuring impact or anticipating it. VImstFioN3Y-00272-00133741-00134303 I think if we continue a major program of a flagship nature, then I really do think VImstFioN3Y-00273-00134303-00134686 that it should retain maybe not precisely all seven characteristics exactly the way VImstFioN3Y-00274-00134686-00135017 I articulated but something like that. I don’t think we’re interested in throwing away VImstFioN3Y-00275-00135017-00135413 those seven characteristics. I think it’s something deeply rooted in the way we like VImstFioN3Y-00276-00135413-00135795 to do business, especially for these kinds of programs, and I’d be very surprised if VImstFioN3Y-00277-00135795-00136408 you can convince NHGRI not to pursue the kinds of things I outlined on the previous slide, VImstFioN3Y-00278-00136408-00136823 if we’re going to have a large flagship program. VImstFioN3Y-00279-00136823-00137212 I think the other thing we also need to be recognizing is that I think it’s very important VImstFioN3Y-00280-00137212-00137817 for NHGRI to be able to move on past an initial catalytic role. So, I think we want to be VImstFioN3Y-00281-00137817-00138237 trailblazers, but after we’ve blazed that trail we can’t stay there forever, simply VImstFioN3Y-00282-00138237-00138755 because other parts of NIH and other parts of the biomedical research community are going VImstFioN3Y-00283-00138755-00139150 to take it up and run with it, as they should. And part of it is because we aren’t big VImstFioN3Y-00284-00139150-00139516 enough, and I’ll get to that in a minute. But I think we should feel very comfortable VImstFioN3Y-00285-00139516-00139961 doing so, and I list several examples here. Organismal sequencing was the rage right when VImstFioN3Y-00286-00139961-00140304 the genome project ended, but we don’t do so much of that, lots of other people are VImstFioN3Y-00287-00140304-00140829 doing that. The world of microbes and microbiome, we were trailblazers at first, but once it VImstFioN3Y-00288-00140829-00141455 was very clear how to do this, we saw significant and impressive uptake by other NIH Institutes VImstFioN3Y-00289-00141455-00141860 where the questions being asked and the way these things were being applied were much VImstFioN3Y-00290-00141860-00142273 more relevant to their research portfolios and the areas of disease research that their VImstFioN3Y-00291-00142273-00142728 studying and far more appropriate and in many cases, because they were bigger and they could VImstFioN3Y-00292-00142728-00142992 really devote the kind of resources that were necessary. VImstFioN3Y-00293-00142992-00143362 And I think a similar thing can certainly be said about cancer. We have been delighted VImstFioN3Y-00294-00143362-00143749 by our collaborative partnership with the Cancer Institute and the Cancer Genome Atlas, VImstFioN3Y-00295-00143749-00144191 and we’re certainly in discussions with the Cancer Institute about some possible follow-on VImstFioN3Y-00296-00144191-00144524 projects, and we’re exploring those. But in thinking going forward what’s going to VImstFioN3Y-00297-00144524-00144960 likely happen in cancer genomics, it needs the kind of significant investment that you’ll VImstFioN3Y-00298-00144960-00145474 see the National Cancer Institute pursue. And I think what NHGRI’s role in it, in VImstFioN3Y-00299-00145474-00145972 terms of really scaling up, we should really wonder if that’s the best use of our funds. VImstFioN3Y-00300-00145972-00146367 And I think as a result of it, I think we’ll likely see us playing a smaller role in the VImstFioN3Y-00301-00146367-00146712 kinds of cancer research activities that we’ve been doing over the last few years, looking VImstFioN3Y-00302-00146712-00147108 for new opportunities, perhaps, in cancer, where we can be more in the trailblazer, again VImstFioN3Y-00303-00147108-00147403 in partnership with the NCI. VImstFioN3Y-00304-00147403-00147985 And that leads me to sort of the last thing that we are looking for, which we are talking VImstFioN3Y-00305-00147985-00148334 a lot about internally and we’re talking a little bit as well with some of our advisors VImstFioN3Y-00306-00148334-00148867 is are there ways that we can do more cross cost sharing to sort of broaden the impact VImstFioN3Y-00307-00148867-00149440 of this? In other words, how can we continue to be catalytic and facilitative and be trailblazers, VImstFioN3Y-00308-00149440-00149908 but also not to sort of the sole funders of this? And I think this deserves special mention VImstFioN3Y-00309-00149908-00150229 going forward, because I think there’s some real opportunities here, where I think we VImstFioN3Y-00310-00150229-00150752 can even be more catalytic if we can set up programs appropriately from the beginning. VImstFioN3Y-00311-00150752-00151092 So, I thought I would say just a few more words about this notion of cost sharing. VImstFioN3Y-00312-00151092-00151723 You know, simply put, for those who are mathematically inclined, I mean, genomics is huge, and NHGRI VImstFioN3Y-00313-00151723-00152349 is small. It’s just very simple. You know, we are -- our budget simply is not, you know, VImstFioN3Y-00314-00152349-00152880 sort of, in line with the kinds of projects one could imagine happening in genomics now, VImstFioN3Y-00315-00152880-00153207 especially with some of these new opportunities that one could envision, with new technologies, VImstFioN3Y-00316-00153207-00153659 and new strategic approaches. So, you know, simply stated, you know, we cannot support VImstFioN3Y-00317-00153659-00154041 everything genomics. It’s just that simple. Now, partnerships are going to be key, and VImstFioN3Y-00318-00154041-00154361 it’s not that we haven’t done those. I’ve already listed some examples. We certainly VImstFioN3Y-00319-00154361-00154734 have partnerships in cancer. We have partnerships in diabetes. We have partnerships in Alzheimer’s. VImstFioN3Y-00320-00154734-00155104 We have partnerships in autism, and so forth. And there’s others I’m not even naming. VImstFioN3Y-00321-00155104-00155457 But I think going forward, we really want to think about what those partnerships look VImstFioN3Y-00322-00155457-00156010 like, especially as you get into more disease-oriented and clinically-oriented research endeavors. VImstFioN3Y-00323-00156010-00156366 And one might consider, and we are considering whether we should have a more formal approach VImstFioN3Y-00324-00156366-00156903 for cost sharing when we pursue large-scale, NHGRI-funded genomics projects. And that cost VImstFioN3Y-00325-00156903-00157395 sharing could be in various partners. It could certainly be with other NIH Institutes, and VImstFioN3Y-00326-00157395-00157870 there’s very good representation at this workshop of other NIH Institutes here listening, VImstFioN3Y-00327-00157870-00158225 because they know we are interested in these kind of things. But it could also be other VImstFioN3Y-00328-00158225-00158635 funding agencies, it could be other countries, it could be private foundations, it could VImstFioN3Y-00329-00158635-00159020 be companies, it could be all sorts of things. We want to think more about what this is going VImstFioN3Y-00330-00159020-00159199 to look like going forward. VImstFioN3Y-00331-00159199-00159563 So, those are the things I really wanted to say, what we’re looking for. So what’s VImstFioN3Y-00332-00159563-00159965 the purpose of this workshop? Well, I’ll just give you a few things. For starters, VImstFioN3Y-00333-00159965-00160299 well, it’s just what we do. I mean, we just do strategic planning. Every time we have VImstFioN3Y-00334-00160299-00160720 a hard problem we’d like to get really smart people into a hotel conference room and just VImstFioN3Y-00335-00160720-00161044 talk with them for two days. And that’s sort of at a very simple level. It’s what VImstFioN3Y-00336-00161044-00161488 we do. But a more general, I actually think it’s a more very natural time for strategic VImstFioN3Y-00337-00161488-00161926 input about our flagship area. It’s been three years since our strategic plan came VImstFioN3Y-00338-00161926-00162286 out, which means probably about four years since the last time we gathered like this. VImstFioN3Y-00339-00162286-00162725 And so we just thought it was also incredibly important to get that kind of input. Not everything’s VImstFioN3Y-00340-00162725-00163092 changed in three years, but a lot has changed. And so it’s useful to do this. VImstFioN3Y-00341-00163092-00163420 On the other -- on a more critical level, the purposes for this workshop is we need VImstFioN3Y-00342-00163420-00164061 to strategize and really synchronize our thinking in light of what is a very rapidly changing VImstFioN3Y-00343-00164061-00164399 and a very complicated landscape. I think the subsequent speakers you’re going to VImstFioN3Y-00344-00164399-00164763 hear from are going to paint that landscape even more. It’s incredibly exciting, but, VImstFioN3Y-00345-00164763-00165188 at the same time, it’s also, it has many, many complications to deal with. VImstFioN3Y-00346-00165188-00165760 And finally, the practical aspects of this workshop. In fiscal year 2016, we need to VImstFioN3Y-00347-00165760-00166159 decide what we’re going to do with a flagship program, or more importantly, we need to decide VImstFioN3Y-00348-00166159-00166695 what we’re going to do with about $100 million. 25 percent of our extramural funds, roughly, VImstFioN3Y-00349-00166695-00167232 are tied up in this, what is -- I currently describe as our four-component genome sequencing VImstFioN3Y-00350-00167232-00167821 program. And that funding ends at the end fiscal 2015, roughly. And so, we need now VImstFioN3Y-00351-00167821-00168203 to think about what we’re going to do fiscal year 2016, which may sound like it’s far VImstFioN3Y-00352-00168203-00168533 away, but it’s not that far away when you have to put into motion the things that have VImstFioN3Y-00353-00168533-00169183 to happen to think about what you’re going to do with this section of money, if you will, VImstFioN3Y-00354-00169183-00169628 this bolus of money associated with our extramural research program. VImstFioN3Y-00355-00169628-00169899 I think there’s other things to mention, the purpose of the workshop, and it has been VImstFioN3Y-00356-00169899-00170398 five years since the last time we had a workshop exclusively focused on genome sequencing programs. VImstFioN3Y-00357-00170398-00171009 So, it’s good that we’re doing this again. And I also think that it is very important VImstFioN3Y-00358-00171009-00171540 to have a workshop like this, with this kind of important money on the table, when things VImstFioN3Y-00359-00171540-00171935 are fiscally very tough, and they are. Not any sign that they’re going to get much VImstFioN3Y-00360-00171935-00172397 better. But at the same time, scientifically things are incredibly exciting. And so I think VImstFioN3Y-00361-00172397-00172670 this is why we do these kinds of workshops. VImstFioN3Y-00362-00172670-00173153 Now, just to put a little more nuance on this, and I think this is stuff that Adam Felsenfeld, VImstFioN3Y-00363-00173153-00173728 who will follow me, will expand on a little bit more. We want the highest priority to VImstFioN3Y-00364-00173728-00174301 discussion, to really focus on the research areas currently associated with these two VImstFioN3Y-00365-00174301-00174790 parts of our program. In particular, what our Large-Scale Centers are doing now and VImstFioN3Y-00366-00174790-00175190 what our Centers for Mendelian Genomics are doing now. And the reason for that is that VImstFioN3Y-00367-00175190-00175566 this -- these activities are absolutely the ones that, the research areas are the ones VImstFioN3Y-00368-00175566-00176188 that are really very much in play in thinking about going forward in 2016 and beyond. So, VImstFioN3Y-00369-00176188-00176442 we will make this our highest priority discussion. VImstFioN3Y-00370-00176442-00176933 Now, but also important for discussion are these other two -- the areas associated with VImstFioN3Y-00371-00176933-00177464 our other two components. For reasons Adam will explain, any renewal discussions around VImstFioN3Y-00372-00177464-00177933 our CSER program is on a slightly different timeline. And then, meanwhile the bioinformatics VImstFioN3Y-00373-00177933-00178378 tool development associated with ISEEK Tools, we are looking very carefully at how we’re VImstFioN3Y-00374-00178378-00178950 going to move forward with that area of work, in light of major developments in data science VImstFioN3Y-00375-00178950-00179414 going on more broadly at NIH. Phil Bourne, I believe, is here -- I think I saw Phil coming VImstFioN3Y-00376-00179414-00179983 and sitting in the front row -- who’s a new associate director at NIH for data science VImstFioN3Y-00377-00179983-00180559 specifically, who is very much involved in deploying a NIH-wide effort in data science VImstFioN3Y-00378-00180559-00181187 that’s well beyond genomics, but very much encompasses genomic activities. And many of VImstFioN3Y-00379-00181187-00181505 your have heard of the Big Data to Knowledge Initiative, which is the first foray into VImstFioN3Y-00380-00181505-00182057 this that Phil is now leading in his new position. And we can see some very good strategic alignments VImstFioN3Y-00381-00182057-00182458 between the kinds of activities that ISEEK Tools is doing, and what Phil Bourne and his VImstFioN3Y-00382-00182458-00182892 operation is doing, and what BD2K is doing. And so we’re very much interested in continuing VImstFioN3Y-00383-00182892-00183412 to support this area and we want this input, how it exactly gets organized and deployed VImstFioN3Y-00384-00183412-00183688 in light of other NIH activities is to be determined. VImstFioN3Y-00385-00183688-00184178 But, again, to emphasize, we want input on all these things on a practical level. The VImstFioN3Y-00386-00184178-00184870 things we will have to act on most aggressively are the areas covered by common diseases, VImstFioN3Y-00387-00184870-00185308 and rare diseases, and other opportunities in areas that are mostly being pursued right VImstFioN3Y-00388-00185308-00185832 now by the first two programs along the top. VImstFioN3Y-00389-00185832-00186299 So, finally, dealing with questions then to address, among many questions let me just VImstFioN3Y-00390-00186299-00186683 sort of list you some of the things we are specifically looking for. What are the grand VImstFioN3Y-00391-00186683-00187383 opportunities appropriate for a flagship NHGRI program or programs, grand opportunities? VImstFioN3Y-00392-00187432-00188090 What is NHGRI not doing now that we should be doing? How do we balance the democratization, VImstFioN3Y-00393-00188090-00188452 if you will, of genome sequencing with cheaper and cheaper technologies, and the benefits VImstFioN3Y-00394-00188452-00189017 of having consortium-based large-scale pursuits, like I described with those seven areas that VImstFioN3Y-00395-00189017-00189571 I think are highly associated with our current program? How do you properly tune a flagship VImstFioN3Y-00396-00189571-00190072 program or programs? Maybe we need more than one funding level with its impact, what’s VImstFioN3Y-00397-00190072-00190608 the right balance to strike there, especially in tight fiscal times? Should NHGRI develop VImstFioN3Y-00398-00190608-00191125 a formal cost-sharing approach for large, non-generic, in other word, disease-specific VImstFioN3Y-00399-00191125-00191510 projects, along the lines of what I described in trying to broker more support for programs VImstFioN3Y-00400-00191510-00192023 having to be a cost-sharing model almost expected up front in a very formal way? And, finally, VImstFioN3Y-00401-00192023-00192570 how should NHGRI more efficiently obtain commodity genome sequencing to meet programmatic needs. VImstFioN3Y-00402-00192570-00192922 A lot of this is being commercialized, and lots of discussion about whether we need to VImstFioN3Y-00403-00192922-00193284 even be involved in running some of these things, or should this just simply be, many VImstFioN3Y-00404-00193284-00193646 of these programs, or some of it be outsourced to a commodity level? What are the pluses VImstFioN3Y-00405-00193646-00194283 of that? What are the minus? How do we, sort of, navigate those kinds of questions? VImstFioN3Y-00406-00194283-00194626 So going forward -- well, when I turn the podium over to Adam Felsenfeld, he’s going VImstFioN3Y-00407-00194626-00195087 to be much more specific in describing to you the steps that are going to come out of VImstFioN3Y-00408-00195087-00195533 this workshop that we’re going to have to then pursue. I would just tell you we need VImstFioN3Y-00409-00195533-00196050 to go forward quickly. The nature of the beast is that we have to go and really come up with VImstFioN3Y-00410-00196050-00196670 some ideas and present them to our council in September. And we absolutely face tough VImstFioN3Y-00411-00196670-00197001 decision -- it’s actually far more than decision, we’ve got a lot of decisions to VImstFioN3Y-00412-00197001-00197515 make. And we are going to have to face them very aggressively through August and early VImstFioN3Y-00413-00197515-00197840 September. And that’s why we hope that we’re incredibly productive the next two days, to VImstFioN3Y-00414-00197840-00198419 really help us make those decisions, and move quickly to deal with the steps that need to VImstFioN3Y-00415-00198419-00198552 happen. VImstFioN3Y-00416-00198552-00199020 I will tell you up front that there are going to be too many good options. We know this. VImstFioN3Y-00417-00199020-00199420 We know that what’s happening now in biomedical research, we would love to be able to do all VImstFioN3Y-00418-00199420-00199790 the things one can envision. It’s just not possible, and certainly it’s not possible VImstFioN3Y-00419-00199790-00200215 for NHGRI. And I think that’s going to be the pain point for us, is recognizing that VImstFioN3Y-00420-00200215-00200690 we’ve -- the genomics community has created incredible opportunities, but we can’t pursue VImstFioN3Y-00421-00200690-00201052 them all ourselves. And we’re going to have to pick which of these that we’re going VImstFioN3Y-00422-00201052-00201708 to be able to pursue. So, that is what I want to tell you to set this context, and let me VImstFioN3Y-00423-00201708-00202301 just pause, and is there any immediate question that I could answer; otherwise I will turn VImstFioN3Y-00424-00202301-00202480 the podium over to Adam Felsenfeld. VImstFioN3Y-00425-00202480-00203132 Okay, there will be plenty of time for discussion in many, many different ways. So thank you VImstFioN3Y-00426-00203132-00203471 for your attention. I hope this was helpful. I’m going to turn the program over to Adam VImstFioN3Y-00427-00203471-00203983 Felsenfeld, who I think all of you know. But Adam is -- leads the Genome Sequencing Program VImstFioN3Y-00428-00203983-00204492 on behalf of a team that he leads in NHGRI’s Extramural Research Program. Adam. VImstFioN3Y-00429-00204492-00204825 Male Speaker: Can we ask questions? VImstFioN3Y-00430-00204825-00205101 Eric Green: Yeah you can, you can throw out a question VImstFioN3Y-00431-00205101-00205221 while we’re changing over. VImstFioN3Y-00432-00205221-00205567 Male Speaker: So, one curious thing, which I’ve, listening VImstFioN3Y-00433-00205567-00205619 to you -- VImstFioN3Y-00434-00205619-00205771 Eric Green: You want to use your mic, yeah. We are on VImstFioN3Y-00435-00205771-00205791 video. VImstFioN3Y-00436-00205791-00205941 Male Speaker: I’m Ian Burney [spelled phonetically] for VImstFioN3Y-00437-00205941-00206376 the people that don’t and I love asking questions, if you don’t know that. So, one VImstFioN3Y-00438-00206376-00206841 thing that goes through my head listening to this is what the boundary of the word genomics VImstFioN3Y-00439-00206841-00207425 is? Is it sort of very strictly genome sequencing or is it everything that you do with a DNA VImstFioN3Y-00440-00207425-00207950 sequencer? Or is it every large-scale molecular data gathering technology that you can throw VImstFioN3Y-00441-00207950-00208641 at a problem? So, I can imagine at least those three definitions of genomics being possible VImstFioN3Y-00442-00208641-00208658 definitions. VImstFioN3Y-00443-00208658-00208941 Eric Green: Yea, so, let me -- I won’t precisely answer VImstFioN3Y-00444-00208941-00209321 your question, except to say that we actually talked a lot about even what to name this VImstFioN3Y-00445-00209321-00209933 workshop, because we don’t want the discussion to be exclusively limited to genome sequencing. VImstFioN3Y-00446-00209933-00210271 Male Speaker: Okay, so -- VImstFioN3Y-00447-00210271-00210304 Eric Green: So. VImstFioN3Y-00448-00210304-00210546 Male Speaker: So, okay, but now, let me test, so that means, VImstFioN3Y-00449-00210546-00211007 kind of, transcriptomics, RNA-Seq, and other funky stuff you do with a DNA sequencer that’s VImstFioN3Y-00450-00211007-00211501 in. What about proteomics and high-throughput image screening facility? VImstFioN3Y-00451-00211501-00211802 Eric Green: You know, it’s -- I think when you start VImstFioN3Y-00452-00211802-00212110 to drift away from genomic technologies. VImstFioN3Y-00453-00212110-00212234 Male Speaker: Oh, DNA sequencing, yeah. VImstFioN3Y-00454-00212234-00212403 Eric Green: Yea, well, whether I -- notice I didn’t VImstFioN3Y-00455-00212403-00212760 say DNA sequencing, although you are, it is true that almost everything now, the read-out VImstFioN3Y-00456-00212760-00213304 is going to be DNA sequencing. I think if it very much, you know, in some ways actually VImstFioN3Y-00457-00213304-00213930 our, I think our strategic plan tries to delimit this a little by sort of saying that probably, VImstFioN3Y-00458-00213930-00214504 especially at the scale we’re operating at, you know, sort of drifting into imaging, VImstFioN3Y-00459-00214504-00215046 drifting into proteomics, probably starts to go beyond what we should be doing. We’d VImstFioN3Y-00460-00215046-00215598 listen, but I’ve got to believe, I’ve got to believe that, especially for the scale VImstFioN3Y-00461-00215598-00215977 of what we’re dealing with, there’s so much richness in the narrow definition of VImstFioN3Y-00462-00215977-00216107 genomic technologies. VImstFioN3Y-00463-00216107-00216411 Male Speaker: Okay. Last one. In the metabalernics [spelled VImstFioN3Y-00464-00216411-00216708 phonetically], because metabalernics does look like it’s, you know, there’s certain VImstFioN3Y-00465-00216708-00217371 things that scale well with blood. And so, the scale argument would, I could imagine VImstFioN3Y-00466-00217371-00217915 somebody making a scale argument around -- you know, I could do, one could imagine doing VImstFioN3Y-00467-00217915-00218180 100,000 blood serums without kind of fainting. VImstFioN3Y-00468-00218180-00218381 Eric Green: I think it would depend on what they’re VImstFioN3Y-00469-00218381-00218732 doing with it, and how it would inform the genomic studies being done hand-and-hand. VImstFioN3Y-00470-00218732-00219182 They’re great questions and ones we absolutely think about. VImstFioN3Y-00471-00219182-00219381 Male Speaker: Is there time for one more question? VImstFioN3Y-00472-00219381-00219561 Eric Green: Yea, sure, one more. VImstFioN3Y-00473-00219561-00219894 Male Speaker: So, [unintelligible]. The -- I mean, it’s VImstFioN3Y-00474-00219894-00220489 a little related, basically I’m noticing a dire absence of epigenomics in sort of the VImstFioN3Y-00475-00220489-00220903 plan. And, I’m just wondering if that’s because you see it falling more in the various VImstFioN3Y-00476-00220903-00221060 other Institutes specific diseases? VImstFioN3Y-00477-00221060-00221371 Eric Green: I think, I mean, probably every time I said VImstFioN3Y-00478-00221371-00221902 genomics I could’ve said genomics slash epigenomics. It has the word genomics in it. VImstFioN3Y-00479-00221902-00222081 I think it’s in. VImstFioN3Y-00480-00222081-00222148 [laughter] VImstFioN3Y-00481-00222148-00222613 Male Speaker: Okay. I mean, even in the breakouts, I did VImstFioN3Y-00482-00222613-00223083 not see, basically, certainly in code its doing a lot of, sort of, referencing epigenome VImstFioN3Y-00483-00223083-00223575 maps. But I think an aspect that’s missing that’s sort of bridging the disease aspect VImstFioN3Y-00484-00223575-00223994 and the, sort of, regulatory variation is, how do these variants actually effect the VImstFioN3Y-00485-00223994-00224475 epigenome across individuals. And I think, you know, that could be very informative in VImstFioN3Y-00486-00224475-00225032 all of the programs that you mentioned, specifically the disease ones. VImstFioN3Y-00487-00225032-00225548 Eric Green: So, first of all, I agree with you that that’s VImstFioN3Y-00488-00225548-00225998 very interesting and important science. I would like to ask you to flag that for some VImstFioN3Y-00489-00225998-00226350 of the later discussions, because I think this richness is exactly what’s designed VImstFioN3Y-00490-00226350-00226819 to come out, and some of these boundaries as you’ve heard are not completely well VImstFioN3Y-00491-00226819-00227298 defined. All things that are going to, I hope, will come out in the breakout sessions, and VImstFioN3Y-00492-00227298-00227450 then be synthesized towards the end. VImstFioN3Y-00493-00227450-00227548 Male Speaker: Thank you. VImstFioN3Y-00494-00227548-00227623 [end of transcript] VKF8mnW-C2y-00000-00001928-00002984 Napoleon: VKF8mnW-C2y-00001-00004936-00005784 Lafayette? Hey Lafayette! Lafayette! Lafayette: Well i'm right here VKF8mnW-C2y-00002-00006795-00006895 Copper: VKF8mnW-C2y-00003-00006895-00007352 Ah come on, old timer! You treat me like a pup you know that? VKF8mnW-C2y-00004-00007352-00007672 well i think i've done real good tracking down the environments for you. VKF8mnW-C2y-00005-00007672-00008008 Trusty: my grandpappy oh reliable used to say... VKF8mnW-C2y-00006-00008136-00008584 i don't recollect if i've ever mentioned oh reliable before? VKF8mnW-C2y-00008-00021912-00022584 I got a feeling this case is gonna bust wide open VKF8mnW-C2y-00009-00022584-00022860 (Screaming) VKF8mnW-C2y-00010-00022860-00023136 Lafayette: VKF8mnW-C2y-00011-00023136-00023200 Did you see him?!? VKF8mnW-C2y-00012-00023200-00023536 Napoleon: No! Non! He sneaked up behind me and tailgated me! 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VTd0Ov1OMa0-00000-00000000-00001776 [Music] foreign [Music] the next part of our program is an interview by CMI founder and founder VTd0Ov1OMa0-00001-00001776-00002382 also of investor Intel Tracy wisloski who will be speaking with Constantine karanopoulos president VTd0Ov1OMa0-00002-00002382-00003072 CEO director of new performance materials Inc and I understand there may be a couple little VTd0Ov1OMa0-00003-00003132-00003864 surprises for you so Tracy Constantine I'm sure well some of us have been around for a while and VTd0Ov1OMa0-00004-00003864-00004668 it's great to see old friends in this environment where it's you know fashionable to be talking VTd0Ov1OMa0-00005-00004668-00005514 rares and critical materials and minerals now how we all make money it's a different story but VTd0Ov1OMa0-00006-00005592-00006096 we're in the news frequently so yeah it's a good time to be chatting about this speaking of being VTd0Ov1OMa0-00007-00006096-00006678 in the news he's kind of pushing my face and these like Reuters is wants to do an interview VTd0Ov1OMa0-00008-00006678-00007206 with me tomorrow why does Reuters want to do an interview with you about could it be VTd0Ov1OMa0-00009-00007206-00008081 the breaking news you just put out two hours ago but most likely um well we for those who perhaps VTd0Ov1OMa0-00010-00008226-00008838 um are not aware of it we we announced this morning that the government of Estonia and VTd0Ov1OMa0-00011-00008838-00009510 the government the European Union awarded us up to and I'm trying to be very careful here VTd0Ov1OMa0-00012-00009510-00010344 uh up to 18.75 million euros to go towards uh our capex or the new magnet facility in VTd0Ov1OMa0-00013-00010344-00011052 Estonia which will be next door very close to our existing Rare Earth processing facility in Estonia VTd0Ov1OMa0-00014-00011190-00011928 um and we're very thankful about it so I think this will be um a very meaningful addition to VTd0Ov1OMa0-00015-00012006-00012828 the Western world's magnet capacity so if you don't mind kind of explaining to some people VTd0Ov1OMa0-00016-00012828-00013434 who are new to the industry what this actually means about your position in the supply chain VTd0Ov1OMa0-00017-00013500-00014574 in the rare earth you know in the rare supply chain sure the Neil excuse me VTd0Ov1OMa0-00018-00014628-00015372 we've been around for 30 years we started with two rare separation facilities in China VTd0Ov1OMa0-00019-00015456-00016272 fast forward we have a third rare separation facility in Estonia so we are part of the rare VTd0Ov1OMa0-00020-00016272-00017142 earth industry in the rarest supply chain but in addition our Magna quench division takes those VTd0Ov1OMa0-00021-00017142-00018030 rare Earths converts them into Metals Alloys magnetic powders and magnets in two well in a VTd0Ov1OMa0-00022-00018030-00018780 in a magnetic materials facility in China another one in Thailand and two magnet plants uh one in VTd0Ov1OMa0-00023-00018780-00019626 Tianjin and one in chujo in Inuit Province in China so this is our first foray into making VTd0Ov1OMa0-00024-00019626-00020454 magnets outside of China where we do these are different magnets mind you but it we already do VTd0Ov1OMa0-00025-00020454-00021066 about 90 percent of what a flow sheet looks like for a magnet facility so we'll transplant that to VTd0Ov1OMa0-00026-00021066-00021906 Estonia and um we're doing that because that's where we're under tremendous pressure by our VTd0Ov1OMa0-00027-00021906-00022644 customers in the European EV Supply chains to to be making these magnets by 2025. so what it does VTd0Ov1OMa0-00028-00022644-00023556 is it stretches our presence in the supply chain uh a little further Downstream and together with VTd0Ov1OMa0-00029-00023616-00024222 an investment that we're very modest investment we made in Greenland on a rare earth deposit VTd0Ov1OMa0-00030-00024222-00025092 eventually in the fullness of time perhaps Neil will be a fully integrated magnet producer all VTd0Ov1OMa0-00031-00025092-00025806 the way back to the mine so not to be too cute about it but the narrative is all about mind to VTd0Ov1OMa0-00032-00025806-00026850 magnets again 10 years later Jack if you remember the original mind to magnets narrative from 2010 I VTd0Ov1OMa0-00033-00026850-00027522 I prefer to use magnets to mine I mean whatever we do is driven by our expansion into magnets and the VTd0Ov1OMa0-00034-00027522-00028122 demand that that creates and we need to backfill that with uh with mining but we currently have VTd0Ov1OMa0-00035-00028122-00028733 separate rare and separation metal making and all the way to magnet production so it makes us still VTd0Ov1OMa0-00036-00028733-00029616 a bit more unique if you want than than what we were up to recently okay so you tap you touched VTd0Ov1OMa0-00037-00029616-00030366 on Greenland and of course Jeff Bezos a number of large billionaires all of a sudden are interested VTd0Ov1OMa0-00038-00030366-00031139 in critical minerals in Greenland and then you announced it you know tell me why Greenland today VTd0Ov1OMa0-00039-00031283-00031727 I never thought it would be mentioned in the same sentence well no I'm going to mention this because VTd0Ov1OMa0-00040-00031727-00032339 you know five years ago you know everyone was telling me you can't develop anything in Greenland VTd0Ov1OMa0-00041-00032339-00032892 the they won't allow you to the environmentalist will not allow you to and now it sounds like VTd0Ov1OMa0-00042-00032892-00033468 everybody's looking at Greenland what's changed well I don't think that's an accurate VTd0Ov1OMa0-00043-00033468-00034026 uh description of what goes on in Greenland I mean they have a very uh responsible government VTd0Ov1OMa0-00044-00034026-00034710 that has made very clear rules and at least in terms of resource extraction they will not allow VTd0Ov1OMa0-00045-00034710-00035268 any oil and gas uh extraction and it will not allow any uranium extraction and the definition VTd0Ov1OMa0-00046-00035268-00035946 of uranium extraction is any deposit of any metal that contains more than 100 parts per million of VTd0Ov1OMa0-00047-00035946-00036654 uranium in the ground they will not approve well this deposit and there's a couple of folks in this VTd0Ov1OMa0-00048-00036654-00037122 room that are very familiar with this deposit is less than 10 parts per million uranium so there's VTd0Ov1OMa0-00049-00037122-00037800 no issues you know like every other jurisdiction you really need to understand what the lay of the VTd0Ov1OMa0-00050-00037800-00038340 land is to and to make sure that you do all the right things locally I mean if you walk into a new VTd0Ov1OMa0-00051-00038340-00038994 geography and expect to do business just like you do in downtown Toronto and that doesn't exist so VTd0Ov1OMa0-00052-00038994-00039516 you need to to take the time and spend the money and talk to the right people and eventually things VTd0Ov1OMa0-00053-00039588-00040230 workout I mean we did this in China for 30 years right so we're kind of used to challenging uh VTd0Ov1OMa0-00054-00040230-00040836 geographies one of the themes we've been going over is the attraction of capital VTd0Ov1OMa0-00055-00040914-00041550 that is happening in the sector right now would you say that's correct we kind of put Energy Fuels VTd0Ov1OMa0-00056-00041550-00042150 on the uh you know we ask them what are you going to do with all the money that you have right now VTd0Ov1OMa0-00057-00042252-00042846 um and I know you have a very tight relationship with Energy Fuels what are you going to do I VTd0Ov1OMa0-00058-00042846-00043806 mean you just raised another 65 million yeah Canadian thank you yeah we're we have you know VTd0Ov1OMa0-00059-00043806-00044730 and I guess I I don't want to preempt our earnings release Friday morning but yeah we're sitting on VTd0Ov1OMa0-00060-00044808-00045516 round numbers 100 million dollars U.S and we all of it is earmarked for growth projects VTd0Ov1OMa0-00061-00045654-00046392 um I think in this industry you really need to keep growing simply because not because of you VTd0Ov1OMa0-00062-00046392-00046998 know ideological or uh sort of uh other consideration but you gotta grow because VTd0Ov1OMa0-00063-00046998-00047694 the demand is exploding for especially for for magnets I mean this decarbonization transition VTd0Ov1OMa0-00064-00047694-00048672 is one of those forces that come across Our Lives once in a lifetime and I think VTd0Ov1OMa0-00065-00048672-00049458 there will be huge fortunes created because of it decarbonization energy transition electrification VTd0Ov1OMa0-00066-00049530-00050430 and in order you know beyond our own grade because we all want to make fortunes but at the same time VTd0Ov1OMa0-00067-00050628-00051390 decarbonizing and becoming more energy efficient is good for the planet in fact it's impair the VTd0Ov1OMa0-00068-00051390-00052290 imperative is really urgent to do that and you can't decarbonize without rares I mean you can VTd0Ov1OMa0-00069-00052290-00053046 but you you won't be very efficient and very good at it so you know herreras are back in sort of VTd0Ov1OMa0-00070-00053046-00053916 the category of becoming almost indispensable just like they were 15 years ago until 2011 drove very VTd0Ov1OMa0-00071-00053916-00054546 smart people with very Deep Pockets the design rarest out of their systems and created a three VTd0Ov1OMa0-00072-00054546-00055272 to four year Gap in in development so we're back in the Forefront and in this time it's a lot more VTd0Ov1OMa0-00073-00055416-00055902 um the the debate and the narrative is has become a lot more intense because you have VTd0Ov1OMa0-00074-00055902-00056754 geopolitics superimposed on top of the industry in a way that is almost as perhaps it's a little VTd0Ov1OMa0-00075-00056754-00057479 great it's a little bigger than what it was in 2011 when the the Japanese uh Coast Guard VTd0Ov1OMa0-00076-00057479-00058032 uh you know messed around with the Chinese fishing boat near the Chicago islands and VTd0Ov1OMa0-00077-00058032-00058578 then the Chinese cut off the Japanese from rares for seven weeks that's all it lasted VTd0Ov1OMa0-00078-00058578-00059394 so but today the the geopolitical environment is much more I guess serious than it was in VTd0Ov1OMa0-00079-00059394-00060258 2011 you know we're in the middle of a war in Ukraine we have an energy crisis and I think the VTd0Ov1OMa0-00080-00060312-00061098 the world the world's balance is being remade and part of that equation I think is unavoidably uh VTd0Ov1OMa0-00081-00061200-00062028 so you in in discussing the Ukrainian Invasion how is that impacting you and your shareholders VTd0Ov1OMa0-00082-00062028-00062616 you mean Estonia I have received more than a few emails about what's happening with Neo performance VTd0Ov1OMa0-00083-00062616-00063288 and how you're managing those political issues well from a share price perspective it has been a VTd0Ov1OMa0-00084-00063288-00064026 disaster because investors have run for the exits the moment uh Russia invaded Ukraine around for VTd0Ov1OMa0-00085-00064026-00064902 the exits in our name because we have a plant very close to Russia it's in Estonia in fact when you VTd0Ov1OMa0-00086-00064979-00065688 when you be you can walk to along the beach and use it to the narva river which is the VTd0Ov1OMa0-00087-00065688-00066312 northern border between Russia and Estonia and other Estonian border and you can see the uh VTd0Ov1OMa0-00088-00066312-00067074 the Russian guard stations on the other side of the river and they still wear these big hats and VTd0Ov1OMa0-00089-00067074-00067908 they still have AK-47s and they're still there in fact the when Estonia built a bridge over VTd0Ov1OMa0-00090-00067908-00068466 the narber river to connect narva the city of Estonia to the Russian side of the town VTd0Ov1OMa0-00091-00068526-00069306 the Russians uh objected to the bridge and they made sure that the bridge cannot sustain large VTd0Ov1OMa0-00092-00069306-00070074 tanks going over it which is now not a bad thing to to have as they they've made other geographies VTd0Ov1OMa0-00093-00070074-00070872 so the moment that happened it was a disaster for our stock we've lost you know 56 to 70 percent of VTd0Ov1OMa0-00094-00070872-00071724 our market cap because of it and to me it really doesn't make sense because it's business as usual VTd0Ov1OMa0-00095-00071724-00072438 we've given up maybe a couple of customers in Russia uh but we still continue to receive you VTd0Ov1OMa0-00096-00072438-00072996 know a good portion of our raw materials uh from from Russia uh the balance of course VTd0Ov1OMa0-00097-00072996-00073992 being Energy Fuels thankfully which is getting bigger quickly um so I I was at a seminar with VTd0Ov1OMa0-00098-00073992-00074700 Prem Watson recently and he said when he was a a young guy sort of learning his learning VTd0Ov1OMa0-00099-00074700-00075336 the ropes in the financial industry he had a mentor who told them that when the Canon starts VTd0Ov1OMa0-00100-00075420-00076194 that's when you buy and then you sell when before the peace dividend you know in our case it was VTd0Ov1OMa0-00101-00076194-00076770 the exact opposite when the cannon fire started everybody was selling I've been buying myself uh VTd0Ov1OMa0-00102-00076770-00077394 as soon as I'm out of you know whenever I'm out of blackout I I have been buying uh Neo stock so VTd0Ov1OMa0-00103-00077394-00077982 I'll continue to do that because the fundamentals you know everybody knows what the fundamentals are VTd0Ov1OMa0-00104-00077982-00078594 and the specifics I have enough confidence in our ability to execute a growth strategy that you know VTd0Ov1OMa0-00105-00078594-00079176 I I think I have a lot of faith in the company of the children so let's just jump to this one VTd0Ov1OMa0-00106-00079176-00079866 Jack was talking earlier uh you know obviously Jack is one of my most esteemed colleagues in the VTd0Ov1OMa0-00107-00079866-00080622 industry and he says that the EV demand that is currently out there is not realistic with VTd0Ov1OMa0-00108-00080622-00081198 the scarcity of many of the critical minerals listed in the battery materials for instance VTd0Ov1OMa0-00109-00081198-00081624 well do you have any thoughts on that that you would like to add do you agree with Jack VTd0Ov1OMa0-00110-00081696-00082296 absolutely I that that's about as I mean if there is one truism about about critical VTd0Ov1OMa0-00111-00082296-00083202 materials that's it today we're not extracting and processing enough to sus to achieve the targets VTd0Ov1OMa0-00112-00083202-00083718 that governments and oems have sent around the world which means that over the next year VTd0Ov1OMa0-00113-00083718-00084468 we will need to increase by order zip plural of magnitude and the investment I mean I was reading VTd0Ov1OMa0-00114-00084468-00085188 a an article in the South China Morning Post one of the big Banks came up with a 50 trillion dollar VTd0Ov1OMa0-00115-00085188-00086100 capital investment necessary for China alone to achieve its decarbonization electrification clean VTd0Ov1OMa0-00116-00086100-00086694 energy targets and so on that's a mind-boggling amount and if that's only for China again I may VTd0Ov1OMa0-00117-00086694-00087198 be off by a factor of 10 or something but even you know the the level of investment that the VTd0Ov1OMa0-00118-00087198-00087954 world needs is in the trillions it's not in the billions so there's a massive task ahead of ahead VTd0Ov1OMa0-00119-00087954-00088698 of us and I don't think governments around the world really appreciate how complex this VTd0Ov1OMa0-00120-00088698-00089394 the solution to the decarbonization problem is you will need an extraordinary level of investment you VTd0Ov1OMa0-00121-00089394-00089976 will need an extraordinary extraordinary level of capacity expansion for all the critical minerals VTd0Ov1OMa0-00122-00089976-00090594 and you know I'm listen I I consider myself an environmentalist but you know you can't have your VTd0Ov1OMa0-00123-00090594-00091074 cake and eat it too if you want to decarbonize and if you want a clean energy transition we VTd0Ov1OMa0-00124-00091074-00091548 need more mining we need more factories that will take whatever comes out of the mine and VTd0Ov1OMa0-00125-00091548-00092148 make it into the products that will allow us to decarbonize maybe there's a magic way to to do VTd0Ov1OMa0-00126-00092148-00092796 it that I I don't know about but the the level of investment and the level of activity of capacity VTd0Ov1OMa0-00127-00092796-00093498 increase for all of these materials is immense and I don't think we're ready for it not yet and what VTd0Ov1OMa0-00128-00093498-00093960 about the talent what about the professionals where are we supposed to get these Constantine VTd0Ov1OMa0-00129-00093960-00094866 well it reminds me of I think the first time we met was at a conference in DC and I spoke VTd0Ov1OMa0-00130-00094866-00095616 at that conference and I said that it has taken two decades for the supply chains to migrate from VTd0Ov1OMa0-00131-00095616-00096282 North America to Asia it'll take at least as long for them to come back and it starts with education VTd0Ov1OMa0-00132-00096414-00097230 um I also remember another presentation I gave where I said that China graduates more engineers VTd0Ov1OMa0-00133-00097302-00098226 that in North America we're graduating graduates so we're not graduating enough science technology VTd0Ov1OMa0-00134-00098226-00099006 engineering mathematics grads and this world that we are trying to get to will need an awful lot of VTd0Ov1OMa0-00135-00099006-00099618 skills and they started the university that were way behind the eight ball and we can and VTd0Ov1OMa0-00136-00099618-00100392 will continue through uh through the industrial in the industrial world so no right now they're VTd0Ov1OMa0-00137-00100392-00100998 not enough skills to do it now what we're doing is we're training our people in Estonia from our tech VTd0Ov1OMa0-00138-00100998-00101844 center in Singapore there's exchanges with our plants in China so the the technology transfer VTd0Ov1OMa0-00139-00101844-00102426 has started to go the other way for the last 30 years it's been from the West into China it's now VTd0Ov1OMa0-00140-00102426-00103206 coming the other way one last example and I'll shut up Tracy today if you look at all you know VTd0Ov1OMa0-00141-00103206-00103758 the only meaningful magnet manufacturing jurisdiction outside of China is Japan VTd0Ov1OMa0-00142-00103944-00104532 look at what the latest expansion of the Japanese manufacturer of magnets was into Vietnam VTd0Ov1OMa0-00143-00104868-00105324 high-end high quality high price the whole Japanese VTd0Ov1OMa0-00144-00105468-00106242 every single piece of equipment that went into Vietnam by she netsu was bought in China VTd0Ov1OMa0-00145-00106356-00107178 the metal furnaces the alloy furnaces the strip gas furnaces the sintering furnaces VTd0Ov1OMa0-00146-00107178-00107820 the slicing and dicing setups the coating facilities they were all made in China because VTd0Ov1OMa0-00147-00107928-00108558 no one makes these types of engineered systems in Japan or anywhere else in the world VTd0Ov1OMa0-00148-00108654-00109320 so and in our plant in Estonia well guess what the critical pieces of equipment are VTd0Ov1OMa0-00149-00109320-00109782 all coming from China which is absolutely kosher by the way though don't freak out VTd0Ov1OMa0-00150-00109992-00110574 I promise Constantine we would keep a strict structure and he has to run but we're not going VTd0Ov1OMa0-00151-00110574-00111083 to let him loose yet until I put you on the spot we know you own a lot of your own shares VTd0Ov1OMa0-00152-00111168-00111720 we know you must own some shares of Energy Fuels because you have a deal with them VTd0Ov1OMa0-00153-00111900-00112283 what other critical Mineral Company are you currently following VTd0Ov1OMa0-00154-00112542-00112758 well that's a loaded question VTd0Ov1OMa0-00155-00113064-00113718 um listen I I you can speak in bakeries if you like a tech company cathode a known technology VTd0Ov1OMa0-00156-00113718-00114461 application well I I was big in lithium and I'm not big anymore um I was invested in lithium VTd0Ov1OMa0-00157-00114461-00115218 because of virtue of my virtue the company was chairman of Constantine is Chairman of neolithium VTd0Ov1OMa0-00158-00115272-00116304 yeah um and Diving being what it is it I guess worked out for a shareholder really well the you VTd0Ov1OMa0-00159-00116304-00116952 know there's a few companies around the world that I follow because I like the project you know I VTd0Ov1OMa0-00160-00117006-00117744 I learned about rares in China so I I and Aleister Neil in the back was part of that experience when VTd0Ov1OMa0-00161-00117828-00118374 the heavy riverth industry was completely revolutionized by ionic Clays in the south VTd0Ov1OMa0-00162-00118452-00118968 so we spend a lot of work trying to train Folks at the department of chemical engineering and VTd0Ov1OMa0-00163-00118968-00119442 University of Toronto how to recognize ionic character and how to evaluate it so there's VTd0Ov1OMa0-00164-00119442-00119940 there's a bunch of projects right now that are being developed I like the hog child project VTd0Ov1OMa0-00165-00119940-00120683 in Chile the aclara project I've lost my shirt on that but you'll come back it's a good project but VTd0Ov1OMa0-00166-00120683-00121158 you know there you know they are mental there's a new government in Chile as you may know and it's VTd0Ov1OMa0-00167-00121158-00121728 not very friendly towards resource extraction but I'm told things are changing again actually I like VTd0Ov1OMa0-00168-00121728-00122352 that project because of its characteristics I like Sarah verde in Brazil it's run by a friend who's VTd0Ov1OMa0-00169-00122352-00123192 also my board Eric Norris and they will be in production uh reasonably soon I like ionic virus VTd0Ov1OMa0-00170-00123192-00123708 in Africa but it's a challenge jurisdictions see you know what are you going to do I like VTd0Ov1OMa0-00171-00123822-00124692 uh uh AR3 Dudley Kings North company which I visited recently in uh in Adelaide of course VTd0Ov1OMa0-00172-00124692-00125100 another selling point of that project is that it's in the kunawara district so you can get a VTd0Ov1OMa0-00173-00125100-00125609 decent bottle of wine when you visit the you know at lunch when you visit the the deposit VTd0Ov1OMa0-00174-00125609-00126480 I like things that can I I like exploration companies that are dealing with deposits that VTd0Ov1OMa0-00175-00126480-00127218 have a chance to be competitive against China not at today's prices or last year's prices but VTd0Ov1OMa0-00176-00127218-00127961 even at prices during the dog days of the industry so you know Molly again perhaps I'm too jaundice VTd0Ov1OMa0-00177-00127961-00128574 by my mollycorp experience but mollycorp filed for bankruptcy when uh neodymium hit 35 bucks VTd0Ov1OMa0-00178-00128706-00129702 so you need to be able to survive at prices that the Chinese can survive because guess what you may VTd0Ov1OMa0-00179-00129702-00130409 have to live in that sort of a world so these prices I I like ionic as I said I like ionic VTd0Ov1OMa0-00180-00130409-00131244 materials and I like projects that have a very simple mineralogy that allow you to produce the VTd0Ov1OMa0-00181-00131244-00131826 mineral concentrate and the mixer Earth carbonate very very competitively I mean I you know we VTd0Ov1OMa0-00182-00131826-00132432 invested in one in Greenland from that that exact reason and I also like things that are very high VTd0Ov1OMa0-00183-00132432-00133308 in the magnetic uh rarest in the distribution Hastings are in that respect takes that box very VTd0Ov1OMa0-00184-00133308-00134280 high in DPR ratios 40 or more so these are the things that that I'm looking for and you know VTd0Ov1OMa0-00185-00134280-00134808 there's a few there's a few around like I didn't want to say anything for a lot of the projects in VTd0Ov1OMa0-00186-00134808-00135378 this room that we're probably talking to most of the people in the room about and and what I say VTd0Ov1OMa0-00187-00135456-00136002 usually is if you get to the point where you have a product that we can buy would love to VTd0Ov1OMa0-00188-00136002-00136614 buy it it's sort of uh like that that line in the movie you know if you build it they will guide you VTd0Ov1OMa0-00189-00136614-00137232 build it will come absolutely where net buyer of ndpr when the buyer of cerium and lanthanum VTd0Ov1OMa0-00190-00137232-00137712 raise your hand if you know anybody else will buy a certain laptop these days and we're an ad VTd0Ov1OMa0-00191-00137712-00138246 buyer of uh we're a big buyer of mixer out Cardinals so we'll continue to be and that VTd0Ov1OMa0-00192-00138246-00139038 buyer regardless of what else we do so if your project looks like it'll get there we'll we'll VTd0Ov1OMa0-00193-00139038-00139656 buy from you there's no question about it thank you so much for joining us today we've VTd0Ov1OMa0-00194-00139656-00140148 run a little bit over but I think you can you got six minutes right to run thank you VUYKtmome_y-00000-00000367-00000614 AMBASSADOR KELLY CRAFT: Good morning from New York. VUYKtmome_y-00001-00000614-00000967 Welcome, distinguished participants and guest. VUYKtmome_y-00002-00000967-00001172 Thank you all for joining us. VUYKtmome_y-00003-00001172-00001384 We're especially pleased to be cohosting VUYKtmome_y-00004-00001384-00001801 this event with the governments of Peru and Sierra Leone. VUYKtmome_y-00005-00001801-00002038 It's wonderful to see Attorney General and Vice VUYKtmome_y-00006-00002038-00002332 President joining us today as well, VUYKtmome_y-00007-00002332-00002719 and I must give a special recognition VUYKtmome_y-00008-00002719-00002965 to Grace Forrest, whose father Andrew, VUYKtmome_y-00009-00002965-00003142 a close personal friend, and they VUYKtmome_y-00010-00003142-00003508 are the founding directors of Walk Free. VUYKtmome_y-00011-00003508-00003861 It is remarkable to consider that the United Nations did not VUYKtmome_y-00012-00003861-00004321 exist more than 75 years ago, and alarming to think, VUYKtmome_y-00013-00004321-00004738 just a couple of decades ago, there was no formal protocol. VUYKtmome_y-00014-00004738-00005059 Generations of victims were trafficked, abducted VUYKtmome_y-00015-00005059-00005463 and forced into labor and sexual slavery, VUYKtmome_y-00016-00005463-00005760 and there wasn't a coordinated commitment VUYKtmome_y-00017-00005760-00005929 of governments to stop it. VUYKtmome_y-00018-00005929-00006192 And even with our efforts today, the reality VUYKtmome_y-00019-00006192-00006390 is that millions of people are being VUYKtmome_y-00020-00006390-00006806 exploited by human traffickers as we speak. VUYKtmome_y-00021-00006806-00007076 In preparing to speak with you today, VUYKtmome_y-00022-00007076-00007283 I heard two stories, human tragedies VUYKtmome_y-00023-00007283-00007708 that are just but a glimpse of the horrors facing so many. VUYKtmome_y-00024-00007708-00008039 Sophia from Romania landed in Italy with her new fiancee, VUYKtmome_y-00025-00008039-00008264 excited to start a new life. VUYKtmome_y-00026-00008264-00008597 Her so-called fiancee handed her an itemized bill VUYKtmome_y-00027-00008597-00009044 for every meal, trip, and gift he ever purchased for her, VUYKtmome_y-00028-00009044-00009275 and forced her to engage in commercial sex VUYKtmome_y-00029-00009275-00009503 to reimburse him. VUYKtmome_y-00030-00009503-00009872 Matt Hu was thrilled when so-called recruiters offered VUYKtmome_y-00031-00009872-00010193 him good wages in a Bangalore factory. VUYKtmome_y-00032-00010193-00010373 After moving, he quickly realized VUYKtmome_y-00033-00010373-00010559 the factory became a prison where VUYKtmome_y-00034-00010559-00010931 was forced to work 12-hour shifts for four years packaging VUYKtmome_y-00035-00010931-00011283 chemicals under hazardous conditions. VUYKtmome_y-00036-00011283-00011475 The landmark Palermo Protocol has VUYKtmome_y-00037-00011475-00011817 served as the foundation for concerted international action VUYKtmome_y-00038-00011817-00012168 to combat millions of cases like these. VUYKtmome_y-00039-00012168-00012396 Global efforts to combat human trafficking VUYKtmome_y-00040-00012396-00012738 have become more victim-centered and trauma-informed VUYKtmome_y-00041-00012738-00013122 in approach, and we have gained invaluable insights VUYKtmome_y-00042-00013122-00013275 from survivors. VUYKtmome_y-00043-00013275-00013455 We have given the task of delivering VUYKtmome_y-00044-00013455-00013653 on the promise of laws and building VUYKtmome_y-00045-00013653-00013974 on the efforts of those who came before us. VUYKtmome_y-00046-00013974-00014202 The United States has long been at the forefront VUYKtmome_y-00047-00014202-00014433 of these efforts and President Donald J. Trump VUYKtmome_y-00048-00014433-00014738 has given it even greater emphasis over the last four VUYKtmome_y-00049-00014738-00014841 years. VUYKtmome_y-00050-00014841-00015194 He understands that cooperation among communities and nations VUYKtmome_y-00051-00015194-00015531 is the best way to defeat this scourge. VUYKtmome_y-00052-00015531-00015807 That is why, in January of this year, VUYKtmome_y-00053-00015807-00016155 he hosted a White House summit on human trafficking VUYKtmome_y-00054-00016155-00016443 and signed an executive order to provide more tools VUYKtmome_y-00055-00016443-00016800 to protect victims and prosecute traffickers. VUYKtmome_y-00056-00016800-00017034 I share the President's commitment to this issue VUYKtmome_y-00057-00017034-00017355 and just next week, will be traveling to Washington VUYKtmome_y-00058-00017355-00017712 to participate in a meeting of his interagency task force VUYKtmome_y-00059-00017712-00018090 to monitor and combat trafficking in persons. VUYKtmome_y-00060-00018090-00018309 I appreciate today's opportunity to mark VUYKtmome_y-00061-00018309-00018660 the progress we have all made over the last 20 years. VUYKtmome_y-00062-00018660-00018984 It is undeniable that the world community is now VUYKtmome_y-00063-00018984-00019227 more aware of this horrific crime VUYKtmome_y-00064-00019227-00019585 and more determined to end it. VUYKtmome_y-00065-00019585-00019780 Such progress is worth celebrating. VUYKtmome_y-00066-00019780-00020051 However, we must do much more. VUYKtmome_y-00067-00020051-00020279 Criminals involved in human trafficking VUYKtmome_y-00068-00020279-00020651 are taking advantage of failing governments, operating VUYKtmome_y-00069-00020651-00021062 with accomplices overseas, and using forged documents to move VUYKtmome_y-00070-00021062-00021354 victims across porous borders. VUYKtmome_y-00071-00021354-00021809 We need rigorous implementation of protocol by all governments. VUYKtmome_y-00072-00021809-00022207 We must put our decades of collaboration, research, VUYKtmome_y-00073-00022207-00022538 and experience to full use, support survivors VUYKtmome_y-00074-00022538-00022817 by giving them voice and justice, VUYKtmome_y-00075-00022817-00023311 and provide perpetrators no place to hide. VUYKtmome_y-00076-00023311-00023593 No nation can tackle this challenge alone, VUYKtmome_y-00077-00023593-00024004 and that is a fact confirmed by the Palermo Protocol. VUYKtmome_y-00078-00024004-00024301 We must expand our collaboration and ensure VUYKtmome_y-00079-00024301-00024667 that multilateral institutions, the private sector, VUYKtmome_y-00080-00024667-00024997 civil society, faith-based organizations, and even VUYKtmome_y-00081-00024997-00025372 individuals are working toward the same goals. VUYKtmome_y-00082-00025372-00025564 This is why I am so pleased that we VUYKtmome_y-00083-00025564-00025867 have such a diverse audience and a group of esteemed speakers VUYKtmome_y-00084-00025867-00026017 here today. VUYKtmome_y-00085-00026017-00026260 As we work toward the next milestone, VUYKtmome_y-00086-00026260-00026668 I hope that, together, we continue to make progress VUYKtmome_y-00087-00026668-00027019 toward the realization of the UN's founding ideals VUYKtmome_y-00088-00027019-00027366 and eradication of human trafficking. VUYKtmome_y-00089-00027366-00027472 Thank you. VUYKtmome_y-00090-00027472-00027747 And with that, I would like to introduce Ambassador John VUYKtmome_y-00091-00027747-00028089 Cotton Richmond, the United States Ambassador at Large VUYKtmome_y-00092-00028089-00028345 to monitor and combat trafficking in persons. VUYKtmome_y-00093-00028509-00028764 AMBASSADOR JOHN COTTON RICHMOND: Thank you, Ambassador Craft. VUYKtmome_y-00094-00028764-00029007 Permanent representatives to the United Nations, VUYKtmome_y-00095-00029007-00029418 ladies and gentlemen, greetings from Washington, DC. VUYKtmome_y-00096-00029418-00029769 Before we begin with our distinguished speakers, VUYKtmome_y-00097-00029769-00030189 allow me to provide a brief overview for this event. VUYKtmome_y-00098-00030189-00030555 Given the historic year marking the 75th anniversary VUYKtmome_y-00099-00030555-00030977 of the United Nations and the 20th anniversary of the United VUYKtmome_y-00100-00030977-00031266 Nations Protocol to Prevent, Suppress, and Punish VUYKtmome_y-00101-00031266-00031527 Trafficking in Persons, which supplemented VUYKtmome_y-00102-00031527-00031866 the Convention Against Transnational Organized Crime, VUYKtmome_y-00103-00031866-00032354 we thought it would be important to celebrate these milestones. VUYKtmome_y-00104-00032354-00032633 This is a special time in history VUYKtmome_y-00105-00032633-00032849 to be combating human trafficking. VUYKtmome_y-00106-00032849-00033077 And for almost 2,000 years, there VUYKtmome_y-00107-00033077-00033435 was some form of legal slavery in the world. VUYKtmome_y-00108-00033435-00033827 However, in the last 220 years, that's completely changed. VUYKtmome_y-00109-00033827-00034071 Nearly every country in the world VUYKtmome_y-00110-00034071-00034361 now has some sort of law against slavery. VUYKtmome_y-00111-00034361-00034664 This is a massive historic hinge and I VUYKtmome_y-00112-00034664-00035064 believe the door of freedom is poised to swing wide. VUYKtmome_y-00113-00035064-00035263 The Trafficking in Persons Protocol VUYKtmome_y-00114-00035263-00035614 is just as relevant today as it was when it was first VUYKtmome_y-00115-00035614-00035855 adopted 20 years ago. VUYKtmome_y-00116-00035855-00036139 The protocol marked a historic milestone VUYKtmome_y-00117-00036139-00036373 when governments, for the first time, VUYKtmome_y-00118-00036373-00036778 were able to reach consensus on a comprehensive definition VUYKtmome_y-00119-00036778-00037000 of human trafficking, which includes sex VUYKtmome_y-00120-00037000-00037246 trafficking and forced labor. VUYKtmome_y-00121-00037246-00037738 As with any consensus, document, or treaty, it is imperfect. VUYKtmome_y-00122-00037738-00037966 The protocol does provide, however, VUYKtmome_y-00123-00037966-00038395 a framework to address this crime, this human rights VUYKtmome_y-00124-00038395-00038710 abuse, both nationally and transnational. VUYKtmome_y-00125-00038710-00038956 Governments can and should do more VUYKtmome_y-00126-00038956-00039184 as traffickers continue to innovate, VUYKtmome_y-00127-00039184-00039547 as they monetize people by diminishing their freedom, VUYKtmome_y-00128-00039547-00039736 and they profit from their victims, VUYKtmome_y-00129-00039736-00040170 especially during this pandemic and global shutdown. VUYKtmome_y-00130-00040170-00040527 The question for us in this moment of history VUYKtmome_y-00131-00040527-00040911 is whether we can extend those parchment protections of law VUYKtmome_y-00132-00040911-00041253 to the victims in need of those protections. VUYKtmome_y-00133-00041253-00041505 Millions of exploited people all over the world VUYKtmome_y-00134-00041505-00041863 are waiting for an answer to that question. VUYKtmome_y-00135-00041863-00042280 Today, each speaker will provide their unique perspective VUYKtmome_y-00136-00042280-00042628 on where we are as a global anti trafficking movement VUYKtmome_y-00137-00042628-00042862 and provide a view into the priorities VUYKtmome_y-00138-00042862-00043225 of combating human trafficking as we look to the next 20 years VUYKtmome_y-00139-00043225-00043405 and beyond. VUYKtmome_y-00140-00043405-00043696 With that, I'd like to introduce our first speaker. VUYKtmome_y-00141-00043696-00044023 We are honored to have Stephen Biegun, the United States VUYKtmome_y-00142-00044023-00044260 Deputy Secretary of State. VUYKtmome_y-00143-00044260-00044758 Prior to December of 2019 when he was sworn in, VUYKtmome_y-00144-00044758-00045028 he served as a United States Special Representative VUYKtmome_y-00145-00045028-00045205 for North Korea. VUYKtmome_y-00146-00045205-00045421 He has three decades of experience VUYKtmome_y-00147-00045421-00045667 in government and in the executive, as well VUYKtmome_y-00148-00045667-00046147 as legislative branch, as well as in the private sector. VUYKtmome_y-00149-00046147-00046477 Deputy Biegun served as the Vice President VUYKtmome_y-00150-00046477-00046795 of International Government Relations for the Ford Motor VUYKtmome_y-00151-00046795-00047188 Company where, as a third generation Ford employee, VUYKtmome_y-00152-00047188-00047434 Deputy Biegun oversaw all aspects VUYKtmome_y-00153-00047434-00047762 of Ford's international government interactions, VUYKtmome_y-00154-00047762-00048088 including through the Indo-Pacific region. VUYKtmome_y-00155-00048088-00048381 With that, welcome, Deputy Biegun. VUYKtmome_y-00156-00048381-00048561 DEPUTY STEPHEN BIEGUN: Thank you very much, VUYKtmome_y-00157-00048561-00048761 Ambassador Richmond, for the introduction, VUYKtmome_y-00158-00048761-00049094 and it's great to be here with you and Ambassador Craft. VUYKtmome_y-00159-00049094-00049277 Good morning or good evening to everyone VUYKtmome_y-00160-00049277-00049592 participating from around the world, especially VUYKtmome_y-00161-00049592-00049847 our many distinguished speakers. VUYKtmome_y-00162-00049847-00050039 This year marks the 20th anniversary VUYKtmome_y-00163-00050039-00050465 of the adoption of the landmark Protocol to Prevent, Suppress, VUYKtmome_y-00164-00050465-00050735 and Punish Trafficking in Persons VUYKtmome_y-00165-00050735-00050963 which was agreed in Palermo, Italy. VUYKtmome_y-00166-00050963-00051340 The protocol stands as proof of the tremendous achievements VUYKtmome_y-00167-00051340-00051632 that can be realized when the international community comes VUYKtmome_y-00168-00051632-00051887 together to combat human rights abuses VUYKtmome_y-00169-00051887-00052133 and promote the rule of law. VUYKtmome_y-00170-00052133-00052417 As a key step in positioning the United States to join VUYKtmome_y-00171-00052417-00052769 that treaty, the U.S. Congress enacted the Trafficking Victims VUYKtmome_y-00172-00052769-00053021 Protection Act of 2000. VUYKtmome_y-00173-00053021-00053455 That legislation was put into force on a bipartisan basis VUYKtmome_y-00174-00053455-00053810 thanks to two tireless advocates for human rights, VUYKtmome_y-00175-00053810-00054098 Representative Chris Smith of the House of Representatives, VUYKtmome_y-00176-00054098-00054383 a Republican, and Senator Paul Wellstone VUYKtmome_y-00177-00054383-00054642 in the Senate, a Democrat. VUYKtmome_y-00178-00054642-00054833 Today, I'm honored to gather with you VUYKtmome_y-00179-00054833-00055124 to reflect on the power of that legislation over the past 20 VUYKtmome_y-00180-00055124-00055403 years and to look forward to see how VUYKtmome_y-00181-00055403-00055739 we can build on our work in the decades ahead. VUYKtmome_y-00182-00055739-00056021 Over the past 20 years, nearly every country in the world VUYKtmome_y-00183-00056021-00056420 has enacted laws to criminalize all forms of trafficking VUYKtmome_y-00184-00056420-00056552 in persons. VUYKtmome_y-00185-00056552-00056720 There is near universal agreement VUYKtmome_y-00186-00056720-00056963 on the importance of implementing policies VUYKtmome_y-00187-00056963-00057398 and protocols to detect, investigate, and prosecute VUYKtmome_y-00188-00057398-00057773 human trafficking cases and to assist its victims. VUYKtmome_y-00189-00057773-00058124 The tools are there, but we need to insist on their use. VUYKtmome_y-00190-00058124-00058388 In 2019, our Trafficking in Persons Report VUYKtmome_y-00191-00058388-00058844 indicated that only 119,000 trafficking victims VUYKtmome_y-00192-00058844-00059363 were identified globally, although an estimated 24.9 VUYKtmome_y-00193-00059363-00059648 million victims likely exist. VUYKtmome_y-00194-00059648-00059978 Together, we formed groundbreaking partnerships. VUYKtmome_y-00195-00059978-00060335 I'm grateful today for the presence of our cosponsors VUYKtmome_y-00196-00060335-00060620 from the governments of Sierra Leone and Peru, VUYKtmome_y-00197-00060620-00060869 and I look forward to hearing from Sierra Leone's Vice VUYKtmome_y-00198-00060869-00061298 President, Dr. Mohamed Juldeh Jalloh and Peru's Attorney VUYKtmome_y-00199-00061298-00061616 General Dr. Zoraida Avalos about their countries' VUYKtmome_y-00200-00061616-00061904 efforts on anti-trafficking law enforcement VUYKtmome_y-00201-00061904-00062198 and in assisting trafficking victims, particularly VUYKtmome_y-00202-00062198-00062375 through civil society. VUYKtmome_y-00203-00062375-00062648 Here in the United States, Secretary of State Pompeo VUYKtmome_y-00204-00062648-00062951 chairs the President's Interagency Task Force VUYKtmome_y-00205-00062951-00063229 on Human Trafficking, which coordinates our government's VUYKtmome_y-00206-00063229-00063509 efforts across 20 federal agencies. VUYKtmome_y-00207-00063509-00063710 At the international level, we continue VUYKtmome_y-00208-00063710-00063880 to expand our assistance. VUYKtmome_y-00209-00063880-00064286 In fact, since 2001, the Trafficking in Persons Office VUYKtmome_y-00210-00064286-00064526 has managed more than $320 million VUYKtmome_y-00211-00064526-00065015 in foreign assistance funds through more than 980 VUYKtmome_y-00212-00065015-00065210 implemented awards. VUYKtmome_y-00213-00065210-00065448 I'm particularly pleased to share VUYKtmome_y-00214-00065448-00065891 that the State Department's program to end modern slavery VUYKtmome_y-00215-00065891-00066275 is making a $15 million investment to combat child sex VUYKtmome_y-00216-00066275-00066383 trafficking. VUYKtmome_y-00217-00066383-00066605 We're also investing $5.6 million VUYKtmome_y-00218-00066605-00067085 to implement impact evaluations across anti trafficking VUYKtmome_y-00219-00067085-00067208 projects. VUYKtmome_y-00220-00067208-00067388 So as we come together today to reflect VUYKtmome_y-00221-00067388-00067601 upon the progress we have made together, VUYKtmome_y-00222-00067601-00067922 let us recommit ourselves to the next decade of work. VUYKtmome_y-00223-00067922-00068285 I'd like to conclude with congratulating Bangladesh, VUYKtmome_y-00224-00068285-00068705 Nepal, and Comoros, and Brunei, who are the newest countries VUYKtmome_y-00225-00068705-00069038 to accede to this critically important treaty. VUYKtmome_y-00226-00069038-00069215 We hope that they'll join us in calling VUYKtmome_y-00227-00069215-00069419 on all countries that have not yet VUYKtmome_y-00228-00069419-00069677 agreed to follow their example. VUYKtmome_y-00229-00069677-00069980 Together, we can prevent human trafficking VUYKtmome_y-00230-00069980-00070160 and hold accountable those who seek VUYKtmome_y-00231-00070160-00070490 to profit from the exploitation of human beings, VUYKtmome_y-00232-00070490-00070944 and we can do so for the dignity of all trafficking survivors. VUYKtmome_y-00233-00070944-00071101 Thank you. VUYKtmome_y-00234-00071101-00071353 AMBASSADOR RICHMOND: Thank you, Mr. Deputy Secretary. VUYKtmome_y-00235-00071353-00071722 Next, I'm pleased to introduce miss Ghada Waly, the Executive VUYKtmome_y-00236-00071722-00072157 Director of the United Nations Offices on Drugs and Crime VUYKtmome_y-00237-00072157-00072325 based in Vienna, Austria. VUYKtmome_y-00238-00072325-00072613 Executive Director Waly has over 30 years VUYKtmome_y-00239-00072613-00072931 of experience in the field of sustainable development, VUYKtmome_y-00240-00072931-00073294 poverty reduction, and social protection, women and youth VUYKtmome_y-00241-00073294-00073426 empowerment. VUYKtmome_y-00242-00073426-00073747 Within Waly's UN capacity, she also VUYKtmome_y-00243-00073747-00074083 serves as the Director General of the United Nations Office VUYKtmome_y-00244-00074083-00074239 in Vienna. VUYKtmome_y-00245-00074239-00074512 Before assuming her position within the UN VUYKtmome_y-00246-00074512-00074893 in November, 2019, Waly served as Egypt's Minister VUYKtmome_y-00247-00074893-00075157 of Social Solidarity and developed VUYKtmome_y-00248-00075157-00075445 a national antidrug strategy. VUYKtmome_y-00249-00075445-00075847 She led a nationwide drug awareness campaign along VUYKtmome_y-00250-00075847-00076171 with youth and pioneered initiatives programming VUYKtmome_y-00251-00076171-00076525 to rehabilitate and reintegrate persons with substance abuse VUYKtmome_y-00252-00076525-00076672 into society. VUYKtmome_y-00253-00076672-00076951 With that, I'll turn it over to Executive Director Waly. VUYKtmome_y-00254-00077656-00077956 EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR GHADA WALY: Thank you, Ambassador. VUYKtmome_y-00255-00077956-00078068 Can you hear me? VUYKtmome_y-00256-00078068-00078185 AMBASSADOR RICHMOND: We can. VUYKtmome_y-00257-00078185-00078411 Thank you so much for joining today. VUYKtmome_y-00258-00078411-00078616 EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR WALY: Deputy Secretary Biegun, VUYKtmome_y-00259-00078616-00078910 Ambassador Craft, Ambassador Richmond, excellencies, VUYKtmome_y-00260-00078910-00079294 distinguished participants, my thanks to the U.S., VUYKtmome_y-00261-00079294-00079711 Peru, and Sierra Leone for holding this important event VUYKtmome_y-00262-00079711-00080035 on how we can advance the fight against human trafficking VUYKtmome_y-00263-00080035-00080302 and better protect victims, challenges VUYKtmome_y-00264-00080302-00080668 that have gained especial urgency in the COVID crisis. VUYKtmome_y-00265-00080668-00080908 The adoption of the UN Protocol Against Trafficking VUYKtmome_y-00266-00080908-00081277 in Persons in 2000 represented a landmark achievement VUYKtmome_y-00267-00081277-00081553 in addressing this too often hidden crime VUYKtmome_y-00268-00081553-00081871 affecting the most vulnerable in our societies. VUYKtmome_y-00269-00081871-00082171 Criminal groups target the most vulnerable in our societies VUYKtmome_y-00270-00082171-00082498 to traffic them for sexual exploitation, forced labor, VUYKtmome_y-00271-00082498-00082852 or use in criminal activities in every region of the world, VUYKtmome_y-00272-00082852-00083041 rich and poor. VUYKtmome_y-00273-00083041-00083356 According to UNODC's latest data, over 60% VUYKtmome_y-00274-00083356-00083722 of detecting trafficking victims are women and girls, VUYKtmome_y-00275-00083722-00083995 while nearly one third are children. VUYKtmome_y-00276-00083995-00084513 Human trafficking violates, exploits, and abuses. VUYKtmome_y-00277-00084513-00084783 But just two decades ago, human trafficking VUYKtmome_y-00278-00084783-00085181 was shockingly not always viewed as a crime. VUYKtmome_y-00279-00085181-00085349 The women and men trafficked were not VUYKtmome_y-00280-00085349-00085601 always seen as victims. VUYKtmome_y-00281-00085601-00086060 Sometimes they were even blamed for their own misfortune. VUYKtmome_y-00282-00086060-00086369 Failing to recognize a crime as a crime leaves those trafficked VUYKtmome_y-00283-00086369-00086687 without help or hope when their traffickers carry VUYKtmome_y-00284-00086687-00087044 on their impunity, failing the crime victims VUYKtmome_y-00285-00087044-00087387 and failing the course of the justice. VUYKtmome_y-00286-00087387-00087685 The Protocol offered the first internationally recognized VUYKtmome_y-00287-00087685-00088051 definition of the crime of trafficking in persons, which VUYKtmome_y-00288-00088051-00088546 is now reflected in the national laws of nearly 170 countries VUYKtmome_y-00289-00088546-00088651 around the world. VUYKtmome_y-00290-00088651-00088816 And thanks to the Protocol, we have VUYKtmome_y-00291-00088816-00089150 come a long way in the past 20 years, VUYKtmome_y-00292-00089150-00089528 changing attitudes and improving criminal justice responses. VUYKtmome_y-00293-00089913-00090048 Sorry. VUYKtmome_y-00294-00090048-00090285 Together, we have built on the Protocol VUYKtmome_y-00295-00090285-00090577 to develop a comprehensive framework, VUYKtmome_y-00296-00090577-00090829 supporting international cooperation as well VUYKtmome_y-00297-00090829-00091225 as national implementation of its provisions. VUYKtmome_y-00298-00091225-00091615 The Protocol notably represented a major advance VUYKtmome_y-00299-00091615-00091910 in putting victims at the center of anti trafficking responses VUYKtmome_y-00300-00091910-00092119 and we have continued to strengthen the protection VUYKtmome_y-00301-00092119-00092547 elements of the Protocol in the decades since. VUYKtmome_y-00302-00092547-00092706 The General Assembly has continuously VUYKtmome_y-00303-00092706-00092859 improve this framework, including VUYKtmome_y-00304-00092859-00093123 through regular review of the Global Plan of Action VUYKtmome_y-00305-00093123-00093315 Against Trafficking in Persons. VUYKtmome_y-00306-00093315-00093555 The Security Council has put the spotlight VUYKtmome_y-00307-00093555-00093849 on human trafficking in conflict and the use of trafficking VUYKtmome_y-00308-00093849-00094164 by terrorist groups by adopting milestone resolution VUYKtmome_y-00309-00094164-00094526 in 2016 and 2017. VUYKtmome_y-00310-00094526-00094829 UN action has been underpinned by regional anti VUYKtmome_y-00311-00094829-00095042 human trafficking instruments and action VUYKtmome_y-00312-00095042-00095381 plans drawing on the protocol. VUYKtmome_y-00313-00095381-00095651 UNODC provides in-country support on the ground VUYKtmome_y-00314-00095651-00096008 through legislative assistance and technical cooperation. VUYKtmome_y-00315-00096008-00096311 Our experts in Vienna and in more than 40 other locations VUYKtmome_y-00316-00096311-00096602 around the world deliver direct advice and support VUYKtmome_y-00317-00096602-00096905 to police officers, prosecutors, and judges, as well as VUYKtmome_y-00318-00096905-00097103 victim assistance providers. VUYKtmome_y-00319-00097103-00097364 Our collective efforts have made a difference. VUYKtmome_y-00320-00097364-00097634 UNODC, as mandated by the General Assembly, VUYKtmome_y-00321-00097634-00097844 produces the Biannual Global Report VUYKtmome_y-00322-00097844-00098036 on Trafficking in Persons. VUYKtmome_y-00323-00098036-00098399 We will be launching the 2020 report in December. VUYKtmome_y-00324-00098399-00098783 Our comprehensive research, covering 145 countries, VUYKtmome_y-00325-00098783-00099017 shows that greater investment in capacities VUYKtmome_y-00326-00099017-00099332 has resulted in better investigation and prosecution VUYKtmome_y-00327-00099332-00099512 rates overall. VUYKtmome_y-00328-00099512-00099743 Since the entry into force of the Protocol, VUYKtmome_y-00329-00099743-00100028 the average number of victims identified globally VUYKtmome_y-00330-00100028-00100571 has tripled, as has the number of traffickers convicted. VUYKtmome_y-00331-00100571-00100878 Through Protocol implementation, the international community VUYKtmome_y-00332-00100878-00101121 has improved its understanding of trafficking patterns VUYKtmome_y-00333-00101121-00101271 and flows. VUYKtmome_y-00334-00101271-00101532 This has helped to shed light on less visible forms VUYKtmome_y-00335-00101532-00101850 of exploitation, such as trafficking in persons VUYKtmome_y-00336-00101850-00102201 for organ removal, identify vulnerable groups including VUYKtmome_y-00337-00102201-00102564 domestic workers, migrants, and asylum seekers, VUYKtmome_y-00338-00102564-00102900 and to tailor interventions to women and children. VUYKtmome_y-00339-00102900-00103263 Ladies and gentlemen, building on these hard won results VUYKtmome_y-00340-00103263-00103566 offers the best hope for preventing more people VUYKtmome_y-00341-00103566-00103850 from falling victim to criminal traffickers. VUYKtmome_y-00342-00103850-00104202 The COVID crisis and deepening socioeconomic inequalities VUYKtmome_y-00343-00104202-00104580 has left many more children, women, and men VUYKtmome_y-00344-00104580-00104875 at heightened risk of being trafficked. VUYKtmome_y-00345-00104875-00105234 As life has moved online during the pandemic, cybercrime and VUYKtmome_y-00346-00105234-00105572 online exploitation are expanding. VUYKtmome_y-00347-00105572-00105929 There remains much work to be done to address gaps VUYKtmome_y-00348-00105929-00106166 in human trafficking responses. VUYKtmome_y-00349-00106166-00106394 Trafficking investigations and prosecutions VUYKtmome_y-00350-00106394-00106676 remain low compared with other crimes. VUYKtmome_y-00351-00106676-00106868 In many countries, traffickers continue VUYKtmome_y-00352-00106868-00107192 to get away with light sentences and illicit proceeds VUYKtmome_y-00353-00107192-00107414 are often laundered and become difficult to trace VUYKtmome_y-00354-00107414-00107558 or confiscate. VUYKtmome_y-00355-00107558-00107801 Victim assistance, social protection, VUYKtmome_y-00356-00107801-00108197 and effective rehabilitation programs remain very limited. VUYKtmome_y-00357-00108197-00108533 UNODC is firmly committed to providing comprehensive support VUYKtmome_y-00358-00108533-00108827 to member states to address these challenges. VUYKtmome_y-00359-00108827-00109115 Working within the UN system and with other partners, VUYKtmome_y-00360-00109115-00109486 we will help strengthen holistic and coordinated responses, VUYKtmome_y-00361-00109486-00109742 including to address root causes by promoting VUYKtmome_y-00362-00109742-00109950 the empowerment of women and girls, VUYKtmome_y-00363-00109950-00110258 as well as facilitating fair work. VUYKtmome_y-00364-00110258-00110483 Next week, the conference of the parties VUYKtmome_y-00365-00110483-00110729 to the UN Convention Against Transnational Organized VUYKtmome_y-00366-00110729-00111077 Crime and its protocols starts in Vienna. VUYKtmome_y-00367-00111077-00111290 After years of negotiations, governments VUYKtmome_y-00368-00111290-00111617 have committed to a regular peer review of implementation. VUYKtmome_y-00369-00111617-00111989 This offers a powerful means to identify technical assistance VUYKtmome_y-00370-00111989-00112261 needs and encourage further progress. VUYKtmome_y-00371-00112261-00112418 The best way for us to commemorate VUYKtmome_y-00372-00112418-00112631 the 20th anniversary of the Protocol VUYKtmome_y-00373-00112631-00112931 and the 75th anniversary of the UN VUYKtmome_y-00374-00112931-00113291 is to reaffirm and redouble our commitment to protecting VUYKtmome_y-00375-00113291-00113555 the most vulnerable among us. VUYKtmome_y-00376-00113555-00113825 We need developed and developing countries alike VUYKtmome_y-00377-00113825-00114164 to share best practices and information so we can better VUYKtmome_y-00378-00114164-00114557 understand risks and trafficking flows, now more than ever, VUYKtmome_y-00379-00114557-00114881 as we deal with unprecedented challenges in the COVID crisis VUYKtmome_y-00380-00114881-00115148 and economic downturn. VUYKtmome_y-00381-00115148-00115448 We are grateful for the strong support of donors VUYKtmome_y-00382-00115448-00115684 like the United States, and I salute VUYKtmome_y-00383-00115684-00116009 the efforts of its government to eradicate human trafficking. VUYKtmome_y-00384-00116009-00116354 We rely on you to help ensure that the Protocol and review VUYKtmome_y-00385-00116354-00116690 mechanism can live up to their potential. VUYKtmome_y-00386-00116690-00116966 Greater action relies on greater solidarity VUYKtmome_y-00387-00116966-00117299 to clean up global supply chains in the private sector VUYKtmome_y-00388-00117299-00117515 as well as in the public procurement, VUYKtmome_y-00389-00117515-00117752 to strengthen the capacities of all countries VUYKtmome_y-00390-00117752-00117989 to address the root causes of poverty and lack VUYKtmome_y-00391-00117989-00118331 of opportunity, and to support vulnerable groups who VUYKtmome_y-00392-00118331-00118533 are most at risk. VUYKtmome_y-00393-00118533-00118845 This is what we need to build on the work of the last two VUYKtmome_y-00394-00118845-00118944 decades. VUYKtmome_y-00395-00118944-00119166 I urge all member states to make the best VUYKtmome_y-00396-00119166-00119344 use of this opportunity. VUYKtmome_y-00397-00119344-00119571 Thank you once again for this timely and necessary VUYKtmome_y-00398-00119571-00119783 discussion. VUYKtmome_y-00399-00119783-00120017 AMBASSADOR RICHMOND: Thank you, Executive Director Waly, VUYKtmome_y-00400-00120017-00120398 for highlighting the impact of the United Nations Trafficking VUYKtmome_y-00401-00120398-00120605 in Persons Protocol and what you see VUYKtmome_y-00402-00120605-00120920 as the next phase of the government's anti trafficking VUYKtmome_y-00403-00120920-00121016 efforts. VUYKtmome_y-00404-00121016-00121319 We now turn to the second segment of our event, VUYKtmome_y-00405-00121319-00121684 and we're honored to have Sierra Leone and Peru cohost VUYKtmome_y-00406-00121684-00121924 this event with the United States. VUYKtmome_y-00407-00121924-00122120 The government of Sierra Leone recently VUYKtmome_y-00408-00122120-00122335 secured convictions of traffickers, VUYKtmome_y-00409-00122335-00122560 prioritized trainings for officials, VUYKtmome_y-00410-00122560-00122888 and expanded its engagement with NGOs. VUYKtmome_y-00411-00122888-00123283 The government sought to amplify its central task force VUYKtmome_y-00412-00123283-00123599 to work on establishing regional anti trafficking task VUYKtmome_y-00413-00123599-00123859 forces in all 16 districts. VUYKtmome_y-00414-00123859-00124277 We are honored to have the Vice President of Sierra Leone, Dr. VUYKtmome_y-00415-00124277-00124469 Mohamed Juldeh Jalloh. VUYKtmome_y-00416-00124469-00124817 Vice President Juldeh Jalloh started his professional career VUYKtmome_y-00417-00124817-00125129 in the United Nations in March of 2000, VUYKtmome_y-00418-00125129-00125386 working as a program officer in the United Nations' VUYKtmome_y-00419-00125386-00125615 mission in Kosovo. VUYKtmome_y-00420-00125615-00125921 He's previously served as the Senior Advisor VUYKtmome_y-00421-00125921-00126368 at the United Nations stabilization mission in Mali. VUYKtmome_y-00422-00126368-00126626 The Peruvian government has a strong history VUYKtmome_y-00423-00126626-00127022 of working closely with local and international civil society VUYKtmome_y-00424-00127022-00127361 organizations to combat human trafficking. VUYKtmome_y-00425-00127361-00127721 This successful collaboration has been further demonstrated VUYKtmome_y-00426-00127721-00127970 by Peru's partnership with civil society VUYKtmome_y-00427-00127970-00128324 implementing partners under the United States Peru Child VUYKtmome_y-00428-00128324-00128627 Protection Compact Partnership. VUYKtmome_y-00429-00128627-00128948 We are honored to have the Attorney General of Peru, VUYKtmome_y-00430-00128948-00129209 Dr. Zoraida Avalos Rivera. VUYKtmome_y-00431-00129209-00129559 She was elected by the Council of Supreme Prosecutors VUYKtmome_y-00432-00129559-00129934 in March, 2019 to serve a three year term. VUYKtmome_y-00433-00129934-00130459 Dr. Avalos has led the public ministry since January, 2019. VUYKtmome_y-00434-00130459-00130793 We look forward to hearing about the innovative anti trafficking VUYKtmome_y-00435-00130793-00131048 efforts of our cohost. VUYKtmome_y-00436-00131048-00131381 In addition, we're also honored to have two civil society VUYKtmome_y-00437-00131381-00131708 leaders, one from Walk Free, the other from The Survivor VUYKtmome_y-00438-00131708-00132032 Alliance, here to share their expertise, findings, VUYKtmome_y-00439-00132032-00132209 and impressions. VUYKtmome_y-00440-00132209-00132548 Grace Forrest is Walk Free's founding director. VUYKtmome_y-00441-00132548-00132779 The youngest appointed Goodwill Ambassador VUYKtmome_y-00442-00132779-00133097 for the United Nations Association of Australia, Grace VUYKtmome_y-00443-00133097-00133346 also serves on the board of the Center VUYKtmome_y-00444-00133346-00133580 for Humanitarian Dialogue, and was VUYKtmome_y-00445-00133580-00133991 selected as one of the 10 global leaders in the One Young VUYKtmome_y-00446-00133991-00134437 World's Young Leaders Against Sexual Violence Initiative. VUYKtmome_y-00447-00134437-00134817 Minh Dang serves as the Executive Director of Survivors VUYKtmome_y-00448-00134817-00135201 Alliance, working to unite and empower survivors of slavery VUYKtmome_y-00449-00135201-00135456 and human trafficking around the world VUYKtmome_y-00450-00135456-00135810 to become leaders in the anti trafficking movement. VUYKtmome_y-00451-00135810-00136029 She is currently working on her PhD VUYKtmome_y-00452-00136029-00136275 at the University of Nottingham, focusing VUYKtmome_y-00453-00136275-00136536 on the well-being of survivors. VUYKtmome_y-00454-00136536-00136836 She's also served as a member of the First United States VUYKtmome_y-00455-00136836-00137234 advisory Council on Human Trafficking. VUYKtmome_y-00456-00137234-00137387 After our distinguished panelists VUYKtmome_y-00457-00137387-00137636 provide their remarks, we'll have an opportunity VUYKtmome_y-00458-00137636-00137921 to ask questions of our panelists. VUYKtmome_y-00459-00137921-00138164 Questions will come from the permanent representatives who VUYKtmome_y-00460-00138164-00138372 are joining us from around the world, VUYKtmome_y-00461-00138372-00138749 as well as from the audience joining by livestream today. VUYKtmome_y-00462-00138749-00138989 With that, we'll turn further remarks VUYKtmome_y-00463-00138989-00139446 from Sierra Leone's Vice President, Dr. Juldeh Jalloh. VUYKtmome_y-00464-00139446-00139856 DR. MOHAMED JULDEH JALLOH: Thank you very much, Ambassador. VUYKtmome_y-00465-00139856-00140216 Distinguished excellencies, distinguished ladies VUYKtmome_y-00466-00140216-00140618 and gentlemen, first, I feel extremely honored VUYKtmome_y-00467-00140618-00140924 to be part of this discussion to celebrate VUYKtmome_y-00468-00140924-00141401 the 20th anniversary of the Protocol to Prevent, Suppress, VUYKtmome_y-00469-00141401-00141758 and Punish Trafficking in Persons, especially women VUYKtmome_y-00470-00141758-00141941 and children. VUYKtmome_y-00471-00141941-00142356 The 75th anniversary provides the ideal opportunity VUYKtmome_y-00472-00142356-00142833 to reflect on the significance that the UN VUYKtmome_y-00473-00142833-00143007 and other international bodies have VUYKtmome_y-00474-00143007-00143481 made to promote the rule of law, to promote and protect VUYKtmome_y-00475-00143481-00143820 human rights, and the challenge design. VUYKtmome_y-00476-00143820-00144059 That it is against this backdrop that I VUYKtmome_y-00477-00144059-00144591 will catalog our experiences and efforts to combat trafficking VUYKtmome_y-00478-00144591-00144768 in persons. VUYKtmome_y-00479-00144768-00145166 And that our experiences shows in Sierra Leone, VUYKtmome_y-00480-00145166-00145464 clearly underscored the points that Ambassador Craft just VUYKtmome_y-00481-00145464-00145884 made, that viable interstate coordination is VUYKtmome_y-00482-00145884-00146340 vital to combating trafficking in persons. VUYKtmome_y-00483-00146340-00146721 14 years after the passing of our Anti Human Trafficking Act VUYKtmome_y-00484-00146721-00147297 of 2005, it was only in 2008 that my government VUYKtmome_y-00485-00147297-00147558 took deliberate and targeted action VUYKtmome_y-00486-00147558-00147855 to make trafficking risky and expensive VUYKtmome_y-00487-00147855-00148158 by dealing with entrenched problems of impunity VUYKtmome_y-00488-00148158-00148518 and corruption and laying a solid foundation for the rule VUYKtmome_y-00489-00148518-00148749 of law to be applied. VUYKtmome_y-00490-00148749-00149030 We finally undertook a gut analysis VUYKtmome_y-00491-00149030-00149396 focusing on both the internal and international legal VUYKtmome_y-00492-00149396-00149705 framework and identified opportunities VUYKtmome_y-00493-00149705-00150161 that will allow us to strengthen prosecution and ensure VUYKtmome_y-00494-00150161-00150629 accountability while at the same time undertaking VUYKtmome_y-00495-00150629-00151016 domestic reforms to build the kind of systems VUYKtmome_y-00496-00151016-00151280 we need that will discourage young people to move out VUYKtmome_y-00497-00151280-00151415 of this country. VUYKtmome_y-00498-00151415-00152081 In short, 2018 to 2020, we had two objectives. VUYKtmome_y-00499-00152081-00152477 First, guarantee survivors a speedy redress to trials VUYKtmome_y-00500-00152477-00152768 and promote convictions as a way of increasing VUYKtmome_y-00501-00152768-00153108 the real cost of trafficking for perpetrators. VUYKtmome_y-00502-00153108-00153536 But as Sierra Leone being able to achieve in the short term, VUYKtmome_y-00503-00153536-00153790 well, the scorecard is as follows. VUYKtmome_y-00504-00153790-00154149 In 2009, coordination on combating trafficking VUYKtmome_y-00505-00154149-00154428 in persons was elevated to my office VUYKtmome_y-00506-00154428-00154809 to enable improved ammonization and effectiveness VUYKtmome_y-00507-00154809-00155079 among government states to fight-- VUYKtmome_y-00508-00155079-00155301 to intensify the fight. VUYKtmome_y-00509-00155301-00155556 The Office of the Vice President supported the Ministry VUYKtmome_y-00510-00155556-00155943 of Social Welfare to develop a rapid response plan VUYKtmome_y-00511-00155943-00156402 to address the critical issue of securing convictions VUYKtmome_y-00512-00156402-00156906 on trafficking in persons as an outcome of the gap analysis. VUYKtmome_y-00513-00156906-00157368 Each process was a strong signal that the presidency is taking VUYKtmome_y-00514-00157368-00157611 this fight seriously and it also allowed VUYKtmome_y-00515-00157611-00158046 us to move from rhetoric of condemning trafficking VUYKtmome_y-00516-00158046-00158397 to concrete action to ensure that this venture becomes VUYKtmome_y-00517-00158397-00158751 expensive and risky for perpetrators. VUYKtmome_y-00518-00158751-00159006 Within the year, we applied legal procedures VUYKtmome_y-00519-00159006-00159279 that led to a reduction in the time VUYKtmome_y-00520-00159279-00159668 for prosecuting trafficking cases by 50%. VUYKtmome_y-00521-00159668-00160130 Special judges were assigned to exclusively preside over VUYKtmome_y-00522-00160130-00160523 trafficking in persons matters and a dedicated prosecutor VUYKtmome_y-00523-00160523-00160676 from the Attorney General's office VUYKtmome_y-00524-00160676-00161018 was designated for TIP cases. VUYKtmome_y-00525-00161018-00161552 In February, 2020, Sierra Leone held its first conviction VUYKtmome_y-00526-00161552-00161966 on trafficking and sentences of 20 and eight years, VUYKtmome_y-00527-00161966-00162365 we are under or down to two perpetrators. VUYKtmome_y-00528-00162365-00162578 This was the first time in the 15 years VUYKtmome_y-00529-00162578-00163025 since that law was enacted that a trafficker was convicted. VUYKtmome_y-00530-00163025-00163268 To date, Sierra Leone has secured VUYKtmome_y-00531-00163268-00163752 a total of six convictions under the 2005 act. VUYKtmome_y-00532-00163752-00164190 We still see an opportunity to strengthen the current Anti VUYKtmome_y-00533-00164190-00164517 Trafficking Act and ensure its ammonization VUYKtmome_y-00534-00164517-00164886 with other laws such as the Sexual Offenses Act given VUYKtmome_y-00535-00164886-00165270 the nexus between trafficking and sexual violence, especially VUYKtmome_y-00536-00165270-00165450 against women. VUYKtmome_y-00537-00165450-00165954 In 2019, the President declared a state of emergency VUYKtmome_y-00538-00165954-00166176 on sexual violence and rape. VUYKtmome_y-00539-00166176-00166509 This allowed the government to prioritize resources, VUYKtmome_y-00540-00166509-00166806 to remove roadblocks in the prosecution process, VUYKtmome_y-00541-00166806-00167217 and reduce the delays in justice and ensure VUYKtmome_y-00542-00167217-00167616 that stiffer penalties are handed down to traffickers. VUYKtmome_y-00543-00167616-00168042 Also in 2019, we passed a liberal migration policy VUYKtmome_y-00544-00168042-00168277 to bring some sanity in the recruitment VUYKtmome_y-00545-00168277-00168546 processes for our citizens seeking better VUYKtmome_y-00546-00168546-00168804 economic opportunities abroad. VUYKtmome_y-00547-00168804-00169134 We appreciate that more needs to be VUYKtmome_y-00548-00169134-00169413 done in this area as some of the strategies. VUYKtmome_y-00549-00169413-00169764 Including placing them in moratorium on this recruitment VUYKtmome_y-00550-00169764-00170184 agency usually forces them to operate on the ground, VUYKtmome_y-00551-00170184-00170412 creating more risk for trafficking VUYKtmome_y-00552-00170412-00170811 to go undetected and reduce the opportunities for victims VUYKtmome_y-00553-00170811-00171219 to engage with authorities and access properly vetted VUYKtmome_y-00554-00171219-00171462 employment opportunities. VUYKtmome_y-00555-00171462-00171771 Funding from governments domestic revenue for the fight VUYKtmome_y-00556-00171771-00172301 against TIP has also increased exponentially from 2018. VUYKtmome_y-00557-00172301-00172592 Funding has been directed towards public awareness VUYKtmome_y-00558-00172592-00172928 raising campaigns, decentralization of the TIP VUYKtmome_y-00559-00172928-00173252 administration, training of government officials VUYKtmome_y-00560-00173252-00173468 on the referral systems. VUYKtmome_y-00561-00173468-00173765 Public sensitization in hirings community VUYKtmome_y-00562-00173765-00174180 that has been critical in our prevention strategy. VUYKtmome_y-00563-00174180-00174458 We also continue to build a strategic partnership VUYKtmome_y-00564-00174458-00174975 with civil society organizations in various areas, VUYKtmome_y-00565-00174975-00175259 particularly collaborated with local NGOs VUYKtmome_y-00566-00175259-00175663 to build additional centers for trafficking victim. VUYKtmome_y-00567-00175663-00176022 Sierra Leone also launched in September, 2020 VUYKtmome_y-00568-00176022-00176259 the Anti Trafficking Action Plan that VUYKtmome_y-00569-00176259-00176625 covers the bureau 2020 to 2025. VUYKtmome_y-00570-00176625-00176961 And its activities are part of the government budget process VUYKtmome_y-00571-00176961-00177492 to ensure that TIP interventions are adequately funded. VUYKtmome_y-00572-00177492-00177759 Government is also providing microcredit schemes VUYKtmome_y-00573-00177759-00178203 for survivors, especially women, as livelihood options VUYKtmome_y-00574-00178203-00178542 to ameliorate the factors that may have led the individual VUYKtmome_y-00575-00178542-00178800 to be trafficked in the first place. VUYKtmome_y-00576-00178800-00179091 We believe that, in the short term, VUYKtmome_y-00577-00179091-00179385 we have effectively utilized the strong political will VUYKtmome_y-00578-00179385-00179853 to mainstream TIP in our domestic discourse, which VUYKtmome_y-00579-00179853-00180201 has gone a long way to unravel the sense of impunity VUYKtmome_y-00580-00180201-00180399 surrounding this malaise. VUYKtmome_y-00581-00180399-00180759 In the medium term, we see an opportunity to meaningfully VUYKtmome_y-00582-00180759-00180990 address the push factors. VUYKtmome_y-00583-00180990-00181320 Key to this is the lack of economic opportunities VUYKtmome_y-00584-00181320-00181614 that push our youth and women to undertake VUYKtmome_y-00585-00181614-00181929 the perilous [INAUDIBLE] or seek domestic work VUYKtmome_y-00586-00181929-00182148 in deplorable conditions. VUYKtmome_y-00587-00182148-00182472 I consider this the most significant challenge VUYKtmome_y-00588-00182472-00182876 that we have in Sierra Leone and West Africa more broadly. VUYKtmome_y-00589-00182876-00183165 It is this perennial problem of poverty VUYKtmome_y-00590-00183165-00183392 that has to be addressed as part of a more VUYKtmome_y-00591-00183392-00183758 longer term and holistic approach to dismantling VUYKtmome_y-00592-00183758-00183948 trafficking in persons. VUYKtmome_y-00593-00183948-00184244 However, in our medium term strategy, VUYKtmome_y-00594-00184244-00184433 we are looking at other push factors, VUYKtmome_y-00595-00184433-00184739 such as the lack of effective information sharing, VUYKtmome_y-00596-00184739-00185024 limited resources for training, and weak monitoring VUYKtmome_y-00597-00185024-00185366 mechanisms at our borders as key contributing factors VUYKtmome_y-00598-00185366-00185547 amongst others. VUYKtmome_y-00599-00185547-00185931 As we think more strategically about staying a step ahead VUYKtmome_y-00600-00185931-00186174 in the fight against human trafficking, VUYKtmome_y-00601-00186174-00186393 my government is committed to supporting VUYKtmome_y-00602-00186393-00186747 regional coordination at both the manner of a union VUYKtmome_y-00603-00186747-00187044 and the economic community of West African state levels VUYKtmome_y-00604-00187044-00187470 inline with our medium term plan to address the push factors VUYKtmome_y-00605-00187470-00187752 and to bolster the coordination mechanism VUYKtmome_y-00606-00187752-00188232 to detect trafficking and provide support to survivors. VUYKtmome_y-00607-00188232-00188493 We will specifically work with the economic community VUYKtmome_y-00608-00188493-00188736 of West African states, sister states, VUYKtmome_y-00609-00188736-00189162 to address the migration linkages with human trafficking VUYKtmome_y-00610-00189162-00189447 and forced labor in a manner that VUYKtmome_y-00611-00189447-00189775 allows us to streamline the bureaucracies that VUYKtmome_y-00612-00189775-00190205 hamper our ability to curb trafficking. VUYKtmome_y-00613-00190205-00190541 Given our government focus on using technology VUYKtmome_y-00614-00190541-00190859 to solve policy challenges, our directorate VUYKtmome_y-00615-00190859-00191108 of science, technology, and innovation VUYKtmome_y-00616-00191108-00191378 will pilot an incumbent on improving VUYKtmome_y-00617-00191378-00191624 tracking our reporting on trafficking VUYKtmome_y-00618-00191624-00191975 for frontline border agencies and our foreign missions. VUYKtmome_y-00619-00191975-00192250 The incumbent is expected to provide solutions VUYKtmome_y-00620-00192250-00192611 for improved and faster information sharing VUYKtmome_y-00621-00192611-00192841 using digital platforms. VUYKtmome_y-00622-00192841-00193163 For that, I will propose a set of common matrices, VUYKtmome_y-00623-00193163-00193376 firstly at the Mano River Union that VUYKtmome_y-00624-00193376-00193627 will be measured at regular intervals VUYKtmome_y-00625-00193627-00194021 to allow for improved tracking and interoperability VUYKtmome_y-00626-00194021-00194525 to engender deeper coordination based on a common target. VUYKtmome_y-00627-00194525-00194879 This allows for better prioritization VUYKtmome_y-00628-00194879-00195176 and creates a conducive ecosystem VUYKtmome_y-00629-00195176-00195425 for learning and collaboration. VUYKtmome_y-00630-00195425-00195674 This, we believe, can go a long way VUYKtmome_y-00631-00195674-00196167 to help us better rationalize how forms are rooted, how forms VUYKtmome_y-00632-00196167-00196571 are pulled, and utilizing the subregion to prevent, VUYKtmome_y-00633-00196571-00196842 prosecute, and protect victims. VUYKtmome_y-00634-00196842-00197009 For that, the government of Sierra Leone VUYKtmome_y-00635-00197009-00197385 is taking robust steps to engage receiving countries, VUYKtmome_y-00636-00197385-00197627 particularly in the Middle East. VUYKtmome_y-00637-00197627-00197915 Recently, our president was in Lebanon. VUYKtmome_y-00638-00197915-00198164 He had discussions with Lebanese authorities. VUYKtmome_y-00639-00198164-00198440 We have decided also as a government VUYKtmome_y-00640-00198440-00198782 to make sure that TIP issues, it is VUYKtmome_y-00641-00198782-00199046 at the heart of our bilateral engagement VUYKtmome_y-00642-00199046-00199280 with countries in the Middle East. VUYKtmome_y-00643-00199280-00199709 We are championing strategies to identify and direct resources VUYKtmome_y-00644-00199709-00199967 from destination countries for repatriation which VUYKtmome_y-00645-00199967-00200402 is, in many times, a challenge for countries like Sierra Leone VUYKtmome_y-00646-00200402-00200789 to ensure that citizens return home safely. VUYKtmome_y-00647-00200789-00200996 As an example of this is the work VUYKtmome_y-00648-00200996-00201440 that our embassy in the UAE and the UAE Foreign Ministry, VUYKtmome_y-00649-00201440-00201803 including the UAE National Committee for the Prevention VUYKtmome_y-00650-00201803-00202070 of Human Trafficking are doing on developing VUYKtmome_y-00651-00202070-00202466 a strategy of repatriation as part of our mutual cooperation VUYKtmome_y-00652-00202466-00202631 objective. VUYKtmome_y-00653-00202631-00202958 These actions are part of our broader objective VUYKtmome_y-00654-00202958-00203357 to prioritize trafficking in persons in our foreign policy VUYKtmome_y-00655-00203357-00203789 posture, which seeks to focus on coordination, VUYKtmome_y-00656-00203789-00204011 more resources, and better aligned VUYKtmome_y-00657-00204011-00204299 domestic and international legal framework VUYKtmome_y-00658-00204299-00204585 in the fight against trafficking. VUYKtmome_y-00659-00204585-00205005 Currently, we are working not only with the UAE, VUYKtmome_y-00660-00205005-00205257 but also with authorities from Lebanon VUYKtmome_y-00661-00205257-00205713 to repatriate migrant workers to Sierra Leone. VUYKtmome_y-00662-00205713-00206073 We are expected to receive about 494, VUYKtmome_y-00663-00206073-00206604 along with 297 trafficked assets. VUYKtmome_y-00664-00206604-00206953 To conclude, distinguished ladies and gentlemen, VUYKtmome_y-00665-00206953-00207225 in spite of the collaboration and cooperation, VUYKtmome_y-00666-00207225-00207525 I call on all countries that have not acceded to the Palermo VUYKtmome_y-00667-00207525-00207984 Protocol to make this a top priority to increase the scale VUYKtmome_y-00668-00207984-00208221 and intensity of the fight. VUYKtmome_y-00669-00208221-00208496 If we are to be a step ahead, we have VUYKtmome_y-00670-00208496-00208806 to ensure that addressing trafficking VUYKtmome_y-00671-00208806-00209205 is the key component of our respective foreign policy VUYKtmome_y-00672-00209205-00209355 engagement. VUYKtmome_y-00673-00209355-00209829 Intentionally, intentionally about measuring VUYKtmome_y-00674-00209829-00210033 the actions, especially those that VUYKtmome_y-00675-00210033-00210323 are within international laws and declaration VUYKtmome_y-00676-00210323-00210537 that we are signatories to. VUYKtmome_y-00677-00210537-00210858 The fight against trafficking is not only VUYKtmome_y-00678-00210858-00211054 a single country's endeavor. VUYKtmome_y-00679-00211054-00211506 It is a multitude of engagement across all of our countries, VUYKtmome_y-00680-00211506-00211817 at the center of which are human beings who VUYKtmome_y-00681-00211817-00212034 have lost their freedom. VUYKtmome_y-00682-00212034-00212292 If we are to be a step ahead, we must VUYKtmome_y-00683-00212292-00212766 ensure that the fight is not impeded by boundaries, borders, VUYKtmome_y-00684-00212766-00212994 and bureaucracies that aid and abet VUYKtmome_y-00685-00212994-00213204 the activities of traffickers. VUYKtmome_y-00686-00213204-00213521 But rather, we should bolster our collective action VUYKtmome_y-00687-00213521-00213948 to protect, prevent, and prosecute, and support VUYKtmome_y-00688-00213948-00214206 survival-led anti trafficking initiatives. VUYKtmome_y-00689-00214206-00214475 I thank you very much. VUYKtmome_y-00690-00214475-00214688 AMBASSADOR RICHMOND: Thank you, Mr. Vice President. VUYKtmome_y-00691-00214688-00214961 I particularly appreciate your efforts around prevention VUYKtmome_y-00692-00214961-00215186 in recruitment agencies and holding them accountable VUYKtmome_y-00693-00215186-00215525 as well as the sponsorship system, the kafala system. VUYKtmome_y-00694-00215525-00215789 And I appreciate also the idea of making VUYKtmome_y-00695-00215789-00216167 it expensive and risky for traffickers to operate. VUYKtmome_y-00696-00216167-00216367 We appreciate your remarks. VUYKtmome_y-00697-00216367-00216784 We'll now turn to the attorney general of Peru, Dr. Zoraida VUYKtmome_y-00698-00216784-00216834 Avalos. VUYKtmome_y-00699-00217390-00218115 DR. ZORAIDA AVALOS: Good morning, ladies and gentlemen. VUYKtmome_y-00700-00218115-00218601 Panelist, good morning to all of you. VUYKtmome_y-00701-00218601-00219067 It's a pleasure to be here as a prosecutor of Peru, VUYKtmome_y-00702-00219067-00219455 and I bring direct words of the public ministry VUYKtmome_y-00703-00219455-00219598 from my country. VUYKtmome_y-00704-00219598-00220010 This is a very important issue to be brought VUYKtmome_y-00705-00220010-00220417 to these panelists within the framework of the General VUYKtmome_y-00706-00220417-00220634 Assembly of the UN. VUYKtmome_y-00707-00220634-00221066 Today, we are here to recognize the advances that we VUYKtmome_y-00708-00221066-00221681 were able to obtain and the fight against this scourge. VUYKtmome_y-00709-00221681-00222155 And we started with the 2000 protocol VUYKtmome_y-00710-00222155-00223205 to process, protect, and prevent women and children, especially VUYKtmome_y-00711-00223205-00223571 called the Protocol of Palermo, and also VUYKtmome_y-00712-00223571-00223985 the fight against a drug organized crime. VUYKtmome_y-00713-00223985-00224546 And this is a new approach in Peru, VUYKtmome_y-00714-00224546-00225056 because we were able to link this VUYKtmome_y-00715-00225056-00225581 with the transnational groups and that VUYKtmome_y-00716-00225581-00225905 allow the illegal entrance of migrants VUYKtmome_y-00717-00225905-00226042 in different countries. VUYKtmome_y-00718-00226042-00226269 Why is important, this protocol? VUYKtmome_y-00719-00226269-00226621 This protocol that we celebrate 20 years VUYKtmome_y-00720-00226621-00226952 now is a very important international law VUYKtmome_y-00721-00226952-00227291 because it was the starting point to recognize, VUYKtmome_y-00722-00227291-00227555 at the global level, how difficult VUYKtmome_y-00723-00227555-00228225 this problem was and the need to try to find solutions. VUYKtmome_y-00724-00228225-00228573 From the moment that this law was enacted, VUYKtmome_y-00725-00228573-00228981 we followed before an international law VUYKtmome_y-00726-00228981-00229488 and we implemented different laws with outreach programs VUYKtmome_y-00727-00229488-00229842 and we worked with the private and public sector VUYKtmome_y-00728-00229842-00230166 and the citizenship generally. VUYKtmome_y-00729-00230166-00230646 We have different laws that show the spirit of the Palermo VUYKtmome_y-00730-00230646-00231348 Protocol because this not only talks about the persecutor, VUYKtmome_y-00731-00231348-00231852 but first is to identify the crime, VUYKtmome_y-00732-00231852-00232282 then to prosecute the crime, and then to condemn them. VUYKtmome_y-00733-00232282-00232683 So this is the first time that we have this protocol that VUYKtmome_y-00734-00232683-00232917 looks, in a very comprehensive way, VUYKtmome_y-00735-00232917-00233457 to solve this social issue, not only from the criminal point VUYKtmome_y-00736-00233457-00233952 of view, which kind of laws do we have in Peru, VUYKtmome_y-00737-00233952-00234552 we created for the first time, the law, 2018, or the law VUYKtmome_y-00738-00234552-00235117 against trafficking in person in 2007. VUYKtmome_y-00739-00235117-00235723 The main issue was to prosecute this crime VUYKtmome_y-00740-00235723-00235973 based on the Palermo Protocol. VUYKtmome_y-00741-00235973-00236408 In 2014, we passed a law 30 to 51. VUYKtmome_y-00742-00236408-00236852 This is very important because it criminalized the trafficking VUYKtmome_y-00743-00236852-00237117 in persons. VUYKtmome_y-00744-00237117-00237453 It is-- we have better protection VUYKtmome_y-00745-00237453-00238608 of the protocol include not only the different issues VUYKtmome_y-00746-00238608-00238851 set up by the protocol. VUYKtmome_y-00747-00238851-00239184 But they talk about abduction, fraud, deception, VUYKtmome_y-00748-00239184-00239455 and any other way of exploitation. VUYKtmome_y-00749-00239455-00239863 And therefore, it allowed a guide VUYKtmome_y-00750-00239863-00240189 in the type of criminal activities VUYKtmome_y-00751-00240189-00240435 that a human being can be subjected to. VUYKtmome_y-00752-00240435-00240786 Therefore, the victim for us is very important VUYKtmome_y-00753-00240786-00241065 and is higher than the international law. VUYKtmome_y-00754-00241065-00241407 Therefore, the trafficking in person VUYKtmome_y-00755-00241407-00241940 will be considered as a crime. VUYKtmome_y-00756-00241940-00242327 For example, the employment of minors VUYKtmome_y-00757-00242327-00242554 is also considered a crime. VUYKtmome_y-00758-00242554-00243344 And therefore, we can show that the public ministry set up VUYKtmome_y-00759-00243344-00243604 a description of what a victim is. VUYKtmome_y-00760-00243604-00244012 It is something that we didn't have before because we VUYKtmome_y-00761-00244012-00244392 had specialized services regarding the vulnerability VUYKtmome_y-00762-00244392-00244513 of the victims. VUYKtmome_y-00763-00244513-00244858 We looked from the medical and psychological, VUYKtmome_y-00764-00244858-00245236 anthropological point of view, and this is a very new way VUYKtmome_y-00765-00245236-00245573 of looking at this crime. VUYKtmome_y-00766-00245573-00245830 Therefore, the public ministry also VUYKtmome_y-00767-00245830-00246307 gathered their recommendations of the Protocol. VUYKtmome_y-00768-00246307-00246979 We also have the different ways of receiving the victims like, VUYKtmome_y-00769-00246979-00247446 for example, the harboring of victims and the treatment VUYKtmome_y-00770-00247446-00247513 that we give. VUYKtmome_y-00771-00247513-00248152 In 2014, we set up a specialized prosecutor's office VUYKtmome_y-00772-00248152-00248442 for the trafficking in persons. VUYKtmome_y-00773-00248442-00249025 Therefore, in the areas where this crime was committed VUYKtmome_y-00774-00249025-00249431 for us, basically, in Madre de Dios, Puno, Loreto, VUYKtmome_y-00775-00249431-00249658 Tacna, in the border areas. VUYKtmome_y-00776-00249658-00249971 Therefore, we have 10 prosecutors' office. VUYKtmome_y-00777-00249971-00250384 We have 34 prosecutors' districts. VUYKtmome_y-00778-00250384-00250732 Because of funding, we were able to set up VUYKtmome_y-00779-00250732-00250954 only 10 prosecutors' office. VUYKtmome_y-00780-00250954-00251314 But our idea is to implement two more, VUYKtmome_y-00781-00251314-00251689 and maybe next year we will be able to have VUYKtmome_y-00782-00251689-00252046 these kind of prosecutors' office in the 34 districts. VUYKtmome_y-00783-00252046-00252616 We also have to point out that, in 2019, the Supreme Court made VUYKtmome_y-00784-00252616-00252817 a very important decision. VUYKtmome_y-00785-00252817-00253460 Because we know that we have to protect VUYKtmome_y-00786-00253460-00253715 the dignity of the human being, not just VUYKtmome_y-00787-00253715-00254057 the freedom of a person. VUYKtmome_y-00788-00254057-00254426 Therefore, the trafficking in person VUYKtmome_y-00789-00254426-00254933 affects the dignity of a person and affects the vulnerability VUYKtmome_y-00790-00254933-00255083 of this person. VUYKtmome_y-00791-00255083-00255744 Therefore, we have to protect these victims. VUYKtmome_y-00792-00255744-00256035 And therefore, the future life of these people VUYKtmome_y-00793-00256035-00256200 are very badly affected. VUYKtmome_y-00794-00256200-00256410 And therefore, what are the challenges VUYKtmome_y-00795-00256410-00257003 that we have vis-a-vis now that we are approaching VUYKtmome_y-00796-00257003-00257566 the 200th year anniversary of Peru getting its independence? VUYKtmome_y-00797-00257566-00257917 We will increase more specialized prosecutors VUYKtmome_y-00798-00257917-00258182 and that will deal with trafficking in persons. VUYKtmome_y-00799-00258182-00258761 As I said, our dream is to have prosecutors' office in the 34 VUYKtmome_y-00800-00258761-00259017 districts that we have in the country. VUYKtmome_y-00801-00259017-00259394 We also want to create police units that VUYKtmome_y-00802-00259394-00259826 are specialized in handling these crimes. VUYKtmome_y-00803-00259826-00260278 We want to increase the amount of anthropologists VUYKtmome_y-00804-00260278-00260501 or psychologists that we want. VUYKtmome_y-00805-00260501-00261023 We want to have a mixed group of investigators. VUYKtmome_y-00806-00261023-00261390 We want to implement virtual platforms VUYKtmome_y-00807-00261390-00261710 to be able to deal with trafficking in persons. VUYKtmome_y-00808-00261710-00262121 And based on our experience, we were VUYKtmome_y-00809-00262121-00262556 able to respond to these crimes. VUYKtmome_y-00810-00262556-00262931 However, we want to encourage different countries VUYKtmome_y-00811-00262931-00263354 to create different prosecutors' office, VUYKtmome_y-00812-00263354-00263900 but in an international level so that their borders do not VUYKtmome_y-00813-00263900-00264008 become an obstacle. VUYKtmome_y-00814-00264008-00264284 Because for them, for the traffickers, VUYKtmome_y-00815-00264284-00264474 the borders are not a problem. VUYKtmome_y-00816-00264474-00264918 I am sure that the more of us that work together, VUYKtmome_y-00817-00264918-00265307 the more possibilities of success that we will have. VUYKtmome_y-00818-00265613-00266036 Therefore, we have to fight for the dignity VUYKtmome_y-00819-00266036-00266405 of all human beings, especially those that are so vulnerable. VUYKtmome_y-00820-00266405-00266668 Thank you so very much. VUYKtmome_y-00821-00266668-00266898 AMBASSADOR RICHMOND: Thank you, Madam Attorney General. VUYKtmome_y-00822-00266898-00267264 I appreciate your emphasis on specialized prosecutors VUYKtmome_y-00823-00267264-00267570 and the idea of holding traffickers accountable. VUYKtmome_y-00824-00267570-00267892 We know that prosecutions alone will not solve this problem. VUYKtmome_y-00825-00267892-00268047 They will not alone stop trafficking. VUYKtmome_y-00826-00268047-00268509 But prosecutions are a necessary and essential component, VUYKtmome_y-00827-00268509-00268776 along with protection and prevention. VUYKtmome_y-00828-00268776-00269025 So thank you for your remarks. VUYKtmome_y-00829-00269025-00269271 We'll now turn to Ms. Grace Forrest, VUYKtmome_y-00830-00269271-00269693 Founding Director of Walk Free. VUYKtmome_y-00831-00269693-00269902 MS. GRACE FORREST: Thank you, Ambassador Richmond, VUYKtmome_y-00832-00269902-00270146 honored members of the Security Council. VUYKtmome_y-00833-00270146-00270384 And I'd like to give my special acknowledgments to Minh VUYKtmome_y-00834-00270384-00270577 Dang of Survivor Alliance. VUYKtmome_y-00835-00270577-00270824 May we all ensure that survivor voices VUYKtmome_y-00836-00270824-00271076 are present in every room and space where VUYKtmome_y-00837-00271076-00271293 decisions are being made. VUYKtmome_y-00838-00271293-00271492 Palermo was the first global agreement VUYKtmome_y-00839-00271492-00271696 to address trafficking in persons. VUYKtmome_y-00840-00271696-00272029 It was a line in the sand, a universal acknowledgment VUYKtmome_y-00841-00272029-00272236 that we could no longer turn a blind eye VUYKtmome_y-00842-00272236-00272627 to the blatant disregard for another human being's freedom VUYKtmome_y-00843-00272627-00272824 and bodily autonomy. VUYKtmome_y-00844-00272824-00273160 However, 20 years on from Palermo, modern slavery, VUYKtmome_y-00845-00273160-00273493 human trafficking, and other forms of extremely exploitative VUYKtmome_y-00846-00273493-00273823 work are more prevalent today than any other time VUYKtmome_y-00847-00273823-00273991 in human history. VUYKtmome_y-00848-00273991-00274378 Racism, gender discrimination, inequality, VUYKtmome_y-00849-00274378-00274690 are still roadblocks to sustainable development. VUYKtmome_y-00850-00274690-00275008 This underscores the need to address ongoing exploitation VUYKtmome_y-00851-00275008-00275377 around the world and call out injustice and entrench VUYKtmome_y-00852-00275377-00275692 discrimination where it occurs. VUYKtmome_y-00853-00275692-00276088 Today, for the first time, we understand the true extent VUYKtmome_y-00854-00276088-00276370 and impact of modern slavery on women and girls VUYKtmome_y-00855-00276370-00276515 across the world. VUYKtmome_y-00856-00276515-00276775 Walk Free's new report "Stacked Odds," VUYKtmome_y-00857-00276775-00277168 reveals that almost 29 million women and girls are currently VUYKtmome_y-00858-00277168-00277378 living in modern slavery. VUYKtmome_y-00859-00277378-00277905 That is one out of every 130 women and girls on Earth. VUYKtmome_y-00860-00277905-00278181 We now know that we must tackle this global challenge VUYKtmome_y-00861-00278181-00278418 through a gendered lens. VUYKtmome_y-00862-00278418-00278745 If over 70% of victims are women and girls, VUYKtmome_y-00863-00278745-00279126 resources must follow accordingly. VUYKtmome_y-00864-00279126-00279444 Females account for 99% of all victims VUYKtmome_y-00865-00279444-00279720 of forced sexual exploitation, 84% VUYKtmome_y-00866-00279720-00279915 of all victims of forced marriage, VUYKtmome_y-00867-00279915-00280270 and 58% of all victims of forced labor. VUYKtmome_y-00868-00280270-00280452 To put this in perspective, there VUYKtmome_y-00869-00280452-00280641 are more women and girls within slavery VUYKtmome_y-00870-00280641-00280938 than there are people living in Australia. VUYKtmome_y-00871-00280938-00281220 Although the findings of this report are shocking, VUYKtmome_y-00872-00281220-00281451 we know they are also conservative, VUYKtmome_y-00873-00281451-00281730 as they don't yet take into account the serious predicted VUYKtmome_y-00874-00281730-00282033 ramifications of COVID-19, which we know VUYKtmome_y-00875-00282033-00282237 is driving greater risk of forced VUYKtmome_y-00876-00282237-00282534 marriages around the world, modern slavery, VUYKtmome_y-00877-00282534-00282831 and highly exploitative work conditions in global supply VUYKtmome_y-00878-00282831-00282975 chains. VUYKtmome_y-00879-00282975-00283299 This report looks at how and why women are so disproportionately VUYKtmome_y-00880-00283299-00283554 affected by modern slavery and shows VUYKtmome_y-00881-00283554-00283896 that eradicating modern slavery and empowering women and girls VUYKtmome_y-00882-00283896-00284102 goes hand in hand. VUYKtmome_y-00883-00284102-00284412 Foundationally, this report gives spotlight to survivors VUYKtmome_y-00884-00284412-00284607 from around the world. VUYKtmome_y-00885-00284607-00284898 Case studies that show us that every human life is VUYKtmome_y-00886-00284898-00285189 intrinsically valuable, but also showcase VUYKtmome_y-00887-00285189-00285520 that each person represents tens of thousands, VUYKtmome_y-00888-00285520-00285937 maybe even hundreds of thousands more like them. VUYKtmome_y-00889-00285937-00286141 We seek to initiate policy discussions VUYKtmome_y-00890-00286141-00286423 with global lawmakers to remove the legal roadblocks VUYKtmome_y-00891-00286423-00286690 that prevent women and girls from fully VUYKtmome_y-00892-00286690-00286879 and freely participating. VUYKtmome_y-00893-00286879-00287080 We believe the eradication of modern slavery VUYKtmome_y-00894-00287080-00287284 and human trafficking is not possible VUYKtmome_y-00895-00287284-00287641 while these legal roadblocks continue to exist. VUYKtmome_y-00896-00287641-00287881 We are calling on governments around the world VUYKtmome_y-00897-00287881-00288310 to legislate against child and forced marriage. VUYKtmome_y-00898-00288310-00288460 Forced and child marriage removes VUYKtmome_y-00899-00288460-00288777 a woman or girl's control of her own life VUYKtmome_y-00900-00288777-00289054 and is a major contributing factor to the female experience VUYKtmome_y-00901-00289054-00289243 of modern slavery. VUYKtmome_y-00902-00289243-00289445 It is unacceptable that there are still VUYKtmome_y-00903-00289445-00290014 136 countries yet to criminalize forced and child marriage. VUYKtmome_y-00904-00290014-00290251 A girl and a woman should be in charge VUYKtmome_y-00905-00290251-00290612 of basic decisions relating to her body and her future. VUYKtmome_y-00906-00290612-00290854 And until we get that power back to her, VUYKtmome_y-00907-00290854-00291300 we believe sustainable development is not possible. VUYKtmome_y-00908-00291300-00291540 But we are also calling for the eradication VUYKtmome_y-00909-00291540-00291837 of the exploitative systems, such as kafala. VUYKtmome_y-00910-00291837-00292207 Why does this system continue to exist in the 21st century? VUYKtmome_y-00911-00292207-00292635 Why are migrant workers, a critical and such integral part VUYKtmome_y-00912-00292635-00292977 of the global economy, treated as subhuman? VUYKtmome_y-00913-00292977-00293175 Why is this legally allowed? VUYKtmome_y-00914-00293175-00293412 We are looking at a situation where a migrant worker's VUYKtmome_y-00915-00293412-00293628 immigration status is legally bound VUYKtmome_y-00916-00293628-00293934 to an individual employer or sponsor for their contract VUYKtmome_y-00917-00293934-00294036 period. VUYKtmome_y-00918-00294036-00294290 This normalizes situations of exploitation VUYKtmome_y-00919-00294290-00294522 for migrant workers around the world. VUYKtmome_y-00920-00294522-00294699 And to give you just one example, VUYKtmome_y-00921-00294699-00294966 we know there are some 500,000 migrant workers trapped VUYKtmome_y-00922-00294966-00295266 in just Lebanon alone, many of whom VUYKtmome_y-00923-00295266-00295584 are experiencing unprecedented levels of violence VUYKtmome_y-00924-00295584-00295719 and exploitation. VUYKtmome_y-00925-00295719-00295953 There are case studies within this report that VUYKtmome_y-00926-00295953-00296292 show women being forced to work for nothing more than food VUYKtmome_y-00927-00296292-00296427 to keep them alive. VUYKtmome_y-00928-00296427-00296595 No payment for themselves. VUYKtmome_y-00929-00296595-00296745 No payment for their families. VUYKtmome_y-00930-00296745-00296889 No way of getting home. VUYKtmome_y-00931-00296889-00297099 No way to socially distance. VUYKtmome_y-00932-00297099-00297333 This is unacceptable that these systems continue VUYKtmome_y-00933-00297333-00297718 to exist in a formalized, legalized way, VUYKtmome_y-00934-00297718-00297879 and we call on the United Nations VUYKtmome_y-00935-00297879-00298284 to end such legal forums for exploitation. VUYKtmome_y-00936-00298284-00298545 Lastly, we need all governments and businesses VUYKtmome_y-00937-00298545-00298842 to prioritize supply chain transparency VUYKtmome_y-00938-00298842-00299211 to ensure that all workers and members of global supply chains VUYKtmome_y-00939-00299211-00299493 are protected, not just the people at the top. VUYKtmome_y-00940-00299493-00299703 We need to guarantee, in the most simple VUYKtmome_y-00941-00299703-00300084 of ways, a living wage for all people and protection VUYKtmome_y-00942-00300084-00300358 mechanisms in crisis situations. VUYKtmome_y-00943-00300358-00300616 If COVID-19 has shown us nothing, VUYKtmome_y-00944-00300616-00300984 it is that 2020 is uncovering so much of what we've tried VUYKtmome_y-00945-00300984-00301182 to ignore and now can't. VUYKtmome_y-00946-00301182-00301554 Normalized exploitation in our global economy is part of that. VUYKtmome_y-00947-00301554-00301782 The great reset gives us an opportunity VUYKtmome_y-00948-00301782-00302217 to build back better, reassess migration pathways, VUYKtmome_y-00949-00302217-00302646 put power and general equality back into the hands of workers VUYKtmome_y-00950-00302646-00302988 and away from systems that seek to harm them. VUYKtmome_y-00951-00302988-00303198 Leaders may feel that addressing modern slavery VUYKtmome_y-00952-00303198-00303456 is secondary to tackling a pandemic. VUYKtmome_y-00953-00303456-00303657 However, we must remain focused on the fact VUYKtmome_y-00954-00303657-00304080 that the enslavement of tens of millions of people VUYKtmome_y-00955-00304080-00304281 is also a global crisis. VUYKtmome_y-00956-00304281-00304461 In 2020, governments can no longer VUYKtmome_y-00957-00304461-00304734 claim ignorance of the realities of modern slavery, VUYKtmome_y-00958-00304734-00304914 and the Palermo Protocol is the basis VUYKtmome_y-00959-00304914-00305166 on which we must continue to grow and call VUYKtmome_y-00960-00305166-00305501 for legal enforcements around the world. VUYKtmome_y-00961-00305501-00305643 We are at a time when the world is VUYKtmome_y-00962-00305643-00305970 awakening to ongoing injustices, questioning VUYKtmome_y-00963-00305970-00306228 historical inequalities, and confronting VUYKtmome_y-00964-00306228-00306444 unprecedented crises. VUYKtmome_y-00965-00306444-00306714 We are realizing that we are all responsible for correcting VUYKtmome_y-00966-00306714-00307212 past crimes against humanity, but also that large scale VUYKtmome_y-00967-00307212-00307486 systemic change is possible. VUYKtmome_y-00968-00307486-00307864 As we rebuild, as we reassess who we want to be, VUYKtmome_y-00969-00307864-00308213 we must take up this opportunity, of course. VUYKtmome_y-00970-00308213-00308574 Our current trajectory has been radically disrupted VUYKtmome_y-00971-00308574-00308755 because of this pandemic. VUYKtmome_y-00972-00308755-00308923 And because of this mass disruption, VUYKtmome_y-00973-00308923-00309187 we must take up the call at arms to free tens of millions VUYKtmome_y-00974-00309187-00309445 of people trapped in slavery in our global supply chains VUYKtmome_y-00975-00309445-00309667 and remove all legal roadblocks that VUYKtmome_y-00976-00309667-00310100 prevented women and girls from fully and freely participating. VUYKtmome_y-00977-00310100-00310282 This is to end slavery in our lifetime VUYKtmome_y-00978-00310282-00310525 and to reach true gender equality. VUYKtmome_y-00979-00310525-00310675 The two go hand in hand. VUYKtmome_y-00980-00310675-00310786 The time is now. VUYKtmome_y-00981-00310786-00310921 The future is female. VUYKtmome_y-00982-00311150-00311338 AMBASSADOR RICHMOND: Thank you, Miss Forrest. VUYKtmome_y-00983-00311338-00311533 So grateful for you encouraging us VUYKtmome_y-00984-00311533-00311740 to consider the connection between gender VUYKtmome_y-00985-00311740-00311989 and ending trafficking as well as VUYKtmome_y-00986-00311989-00312364 appreciating the intrinsic value of every human life. VUYKtmome_y-00987-00312364-00312610 We'll consider and think through, perhaps, VUYKtmome_y-00988-00312610-00312826 during our Q&A, more about the kafala system VUYKtmome_y-00989-00312826-00313299 that you called upon to be dismantled as we go forward. VUYKtmome_y-00990-00313299-00313618 And I appreciate the call that we cannot stop our efforts VUYKtmome_y-00991-00313618-00314044 on trafficking, even in the midst of this global pandemic. VUYKtmome_y-00992-00314044-00314434 We'll now shift to hear remarks from Minh Dang, the Executive VUYKtmome_y-00993-00314434-00314756 Director of the Survivor Alliance. VUYKtmome_y-00994-00314756-00315030 EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR MINH DANG: Thank you, Ambassador Richmond. VUYKtmome_y-00995-00315030-00315333 Good morning, good evening, and good afternoon, VUYKtmome_y-00996-00315333-00315573 distinguished participants and guests. VUYKtmome_y-00997-00315573-00315912 Importantly, I want to say Hello to the survivors of slavery VUYKtmome_y-00998-00315912-00316176 and human trafficking, whether you're watching right VUYKtmome_y-00999-00316176-00316608 now, listening while doing homework with children, or just VUYKtmome_y-01000-00316608-00316802 here in spirit. VUYKtmome_y-01001-00316802-00317192 I stand here humbled and a bit overwhelmed VUYKtmome_y-01002-00317192-00317426 at the task of doing justice to you VUYKtmome_y-01003-00317426-00317784 and your communities in my short remarks. VUYKtmome_y-01004-00317784-00318116 I want you to know that I see you, I hear you, VUYKtmome_y-01005-00318116-00318375 and I believe you. VUYKtmome_y-01006-00318375-00318609 For the past three years, I've supported the development VUYKtmome_y-01007-00318609-00318963 of a worldwide network of survivors and survivor leaders. VUYKtmome_y-01008-00318963-00319413 Survivor Alliance has over 250 members across the globe. VUYKtmome_y-01009-00319413-00319656 Our members' insights and recommendations have already VUYKtmome_y-01010-00319656-00320004 made an impact on local and international anti trafficking VUYKtmome_y-01011-00320004-00320139 efforts. VUYKtmome_y-01012-00320139-00320385 We believe that survivors can provide the answers VUYKtmome_y-01013-00320385-00320661 to the questions we have all been asking. VUYKtmome_y-01014-00320661-00321057 The problem is, survivors are inconsistently invited VUYKtmome_y-01015-00321057-00321282 to provide our expertise. VUYKtmome_y-01016-00321282-00321606 Rarely are we provided with training on counter trafficking VUYKtmome_y-01017-00321606-00321918 concepts and vocabulary, nor have we VUYKtmome_y-01018-00321918-00322317 been systematically and successfully established VUYKtmome_y-01019-00322317-00322596 interventions that enable survivors VUYKtmome_y-01020-00322596-00323129 to traverse the journey from victim to survivor to leader. VUYKtmome_y-01021-00323129-00323309 I know that today is about celebration, VUYKtmome_y-01022-00323309-00323576 so I'll begin there before I return to provide us VUYKtmome_y-01023-00323576-00323851 a vision for the next 20 years. VUYKtmome_y-01024-00323851-00324085 In addition to the successes that others have mentioned, VUYKtmome_y-01025-00324085-00324494 I want to highlight a few that often go overlooked. VUYKtmome_y-01026-00324494-00324776 I want to celebrate the survivor leaders who have taken up VUYKtmome_y-01027-00324776-00324950 the cause of pushing the movement VUYKtmome_y-01028-00324950-00325331 to recognize that our voices are essential to this work. VUYKtmome_y-01029-00325331-00325551 It is because of you that I stand here VUYKtmome_y-01030-00325551-00325763 and it is because of you that the movement VUYKtmome_y-01031-00325763-00326262 is beginning to expect and demand survivor engagement. VUYKtmome_y-01032-00326262-00326670 To the extended family, chosen families, and community members VUYKtmome_y-01033-00326670-00326893 of survivors, I thank you. VUYKtmome_y-01034-00326893-00327225 You've stepped in to fill the gaps, paying for groceries VUYKtmome_y-01035-00327225-00327558 or lending an ear, even if you didn't know what to say VUYKtmome_y-01036-00327558-00327800 or if it was enough. VUYKtmome_y-01037-00327800-00328238 And lastly for now, I want to celebrate our allies, those VUYKtmome_y-01038-00328238-00328508 of you who continue to walk with survivors on our path VUYKtmome_y-01039-00328508-00328712 to full freedom. VUYKtmome_y-01040-00328712-00329066 For those of you who are direct allies of mine, VUYKtmome_y-01041-00329066-00329252 you've certainly dealt with your fair share VUYKtmome_y-01042-00329252-00329567 of being challenged and being pushed to being VUYKtmome_y-01043-00329567-00329985 more vulnerable and self-aware. VUYKtmome_y-01044-00329985-00330162 But today is not just a celebration. VUYKtmome_y-01045-00330162-00330363 It's about reflection. VUYKtmome_y-01046-00330363-00330663 Where did we wish the anti trafficking movement was VUYKtmome_y-01047-00330663-00331176 20 years ago and where do we want to be in 2040, 20 years VUYKtmome_y-01048-00331176-00331372 from now? VUYKtmome_y-01049-00331372-00331588 In the year 2000, I was still being VUYKtmome_y-01050-00331588-00331809 trafficked by my own parents. VUYKtmome_y-01051-00331809-00332101 It would be another six years before I established my freedom VUYKtmome_y-01052-00332101-00332389 from exploitation and at least another two years VUYKtmome_y-01053-00332389-00332701 before I learned of the Palermo Protocol. VUYKtmome_y-01054-00332701-00333001 I was 20 years old, the same age of Frederick VUYKtmome_y-01055-00333001-00333321 Douglass when he escaped his enslavement. VUYKtmome_y-01056-00333321-00333742 But as an American citizen able to become highly educated, VUYKtmome_y-01057-00333742-00334158 I've had a lot of opportunities to recover, heal, VUYKtmome_y-01058-00334158-00334505 and participate in the antislavery movement. VUYKtmome_y-01059-00334505-00334748 It pains me to imagine that we might VUYKtmome_y-01060-00334748-00335168 be, at the 40th anniversary of the Palermo Protocol, VUYKtmome_y-01061-00335168-00335644 hearing from someone who is being enslaved right now. VUYKtmome_y-01062-00335644-00336163 My question to everyone today is, as a global society, VUYKtmome_y-01063-00336163-00336691 are we willing to restructure our society? VUYKtmome_y-01064-00336691-00337015 Are we willing to change our behavior VUYKtmome_y-01065-00337015-00337324 and reorganize our lives so that it is actually VUYKtmome_y-01066-00337324-00337600 unacceptable for any human being to be enslaved VUYKtmome_y-01067-00337600-00337899 for any moment of time? VUYKtmome_y-01068-00337899-00338247 Adults punish children for unacceptable behaviors VUYKtmome_y-01069-00338247-00338613 much less severe than exploiting another human. VUYKtmome_y-01070-00338613-00338930 So what must it take for our counter trafficking efforts VUYKtmome_y-01071-00338930-00339360 to invite widespread change in behavior? VUYKtmome_y-01072-00339360-00339573 My recommendation for the next 20 years VUYKtmome_y-01073-00339573-00339894 includes a reframing of our movement. VUYKtmome_y-01074-00339894-00340368 Instead of the 4P model, let's talk about the 4H model. VUYKtmome_y-01075-00340368-00340550 First, health. VUYKtmome_y-01076-00340550-00340725 And if you really want to stick to the Ps, VUYKtmome_y-01077-00340725-00340982 you can think of public health. VUYKtmome_y-01078-00340982-00341195 Taking a health and public health framework VUYKtmome_y-01079-00341195-00341462 allows us to look at human trafficking outside VUYKtmome_y-01080-00341462-00341627 of the legal frameworks. VUYKtmome_y-01081-00341627-00341912 They allow us to approach the issue from a place of concern VUYKtmome_y-01082-00341912-00342168 for our fellow human beings. VUYKtmome_y-01083-00342168-00342615 Human trafficking is sadly no longer an anomaly to society. VUYKtmome_y-01084-00342615-00342981 It is built into the very fabric of unfettered VUYKtmome_y-01085-00342981-00343307 and unregulated global capitalism. VUYKtmome_y-01086-00343307-00343649 When human beings are desperate, we become predatory VUYKtmome_y-01087-00343649-00343949 or we become vulnerable to predation. VUYKtmome_y-01088-00343949-00344279 Because in either case, we are willing to do anything VUYKtmome_y-01089-00344279-00344508 for survival. VUYKtmome_y-01090-00344508-00344862 The health of a human being is about life beyond survival. VUYKtmome_y-01091-00344862-00345108 As the World Health Organization indicates, VUYKtmome_y-01092-00345108-00345384 health is more than the absence of illness. VUYKtmome_y-01093-00345384-00345645 It is the presence of well-being. VUYKtmome_y-01094-00345645-00345918 As a global health concern, human trafficking VUYKtmome_y-01095-00345918-00346356 affects individual level and population level well-being. VUYKtmome_y-01096-00346356-00346676 A focus on health will also push us to spend more resources VUYKtmome_y-01097-00346676-00346925 and time on survivors' health and well-being VUYKtmome_y-01098-00346925-00347237 after exiting exploitation. VUYKtmome_y-01099-00347237-00347480 As my colleague and an international antislavery VUYKtmome_y-01100-00347480-00347828 leader, Sophie Otiende speaks about focusing VUYKtmome_y-01101-00347828-00348053 on survivors' overall health will VUYKtmome_y-01102-00348053-00348563 lead us to consider that after care is part of a survivor's VUYKtmome_y-01103-00348563-00348745 justice. VUYKtmome_y-01104-00348745-00348814 Let me repeat. VUYKtmome_y-01105-00348814-00349141 Appropriate aftercare and adequate resources VUYKtmome_y-01106-00349141-00349630 to rebuild one's life are part of a survivor's justice. VUYKtmome_y-01107-00349630-00349858 Whether or not our perpetrators are in jail, VUYKtmome_y-01108-00349858-00350167 survivors must live with the long term effects of trauma. VUYKtmome_y-01109-00350167-00350549 We often bear these costs financially and emotionally VUYKtmome_y-01110-00350549-00350714 alone. VUYKtmome_y-01111-00350714-00350936 The second H is human rights. VUYKtmome_y-01112-00350936-00351145 Human rights means nothing without governments VUYKtmome_y-01113-00351145-00351466 to enforce and provide access to these rights. VUYKtmome_y-01114-00351466-00351640 Our fellow humans and community members VUYKtmome_y-01115-00351640-00352030 are responsible for upholding our collective rights. VUYKtmome_y-01116-00352030-00352231 Without collective accountability, VUYKtmome_y-01117-00352231-00352546 individual human rights become a philosophical claim VUYKtmome_y-01118-00352546-00352867 without any real life entitlements. VUYKtmome_y-01119-00352867-00353053 Victims and survivors of human trafficking VUYKtmome_y-01120-00353053-00353473 need real life tangible access to the resources VUYKtmome_y-01121-00353473-00353809 that enable our human rights. VUYKtmome_y-01122-00353809-00354069 Third, humility. VUYKtmome_y-01123-00354069-00354273 Most people who are deemed experts and leaders VUYKtmome_y-01124-00354273-00354567 in anti trafficking work are not survivors. VUYKtmome_y-01125-00354567-00355014 I do not wish to demean anyone or belittle the hard work VUYKtmome_y-01126-00355014-00355254 that people have put in over the years. VUYKtmome_y-01127-00355254-00355677 We need you and we want you to continue to work with us. VUYKtmome_y-01128-00355677-00356058 At the same time, we need to impress a sense of humility VUYKtmome_y-01129-00356058-00356310 on everyone who has not survived human trafficking VUYKtmome_y-01130-00356310-00356518 and who works in the field. VUYKtmome_y-01131-00356518-00356782 It is not lost on me and I hope it is not VUYKtmome_y-01132-00356782-00357247 lost on you that our salaries, our positions, our titles VUYKtmome_y-01133-00357247-00357727 are in part due to the fact that people are currently VUYKtmome_y-01134-00357727-00357944 exploited today. VUYKtmome_y-01135-00357944-00358265 My own economic freedom and stability hinges on the fact VUYKtmome_y-01136-00358265-00358632 that there is an anti trafficking field. VUYKtmome_y-01137-00358632-00358866 Now, I've recently taken a UK government VUYKtmome_y-01138-00358866-00359271 survey for potential career transfers I might make. VUYKtmome_y-01139-00359271-00359502 I have the skills to be a plumber, a coroner, VUYKtmome_y-01140-00359502-00359674 and a boxer. VUYKtmome_y-01141-00359674-00359935 Interestingly enough, I took boxing classes VUYKtmome_y-01142-00359935-00360307 a while ago from an actual boxing trainer. VUYKtmome_y-01143-00360307-00360478 What I learned is that you're supposed VUYKtmome_y-01144-00360478-00360769 to keep your hands up in front of your face VUYKtmome_y-01145-00360769-00361051 all the time to protect yourself. VUYKtmome_y-01146-00361051-00361432 The problem is, if we're boxers in the ring fighting VUYKtmome_y-01147-00361432-00361819 to end human trafficking, our hands are above our face VUYKtmome_y-01148-00361819-00362180 and are blocking our ability to see clearly. VUYKtmome_y-01149-00362180-00362456 We need to be less defensive. VUYKtmome_y-01150-00362456-00362756 We need the self-awareness skills and the ego strength VUYKtmome_y-01151-00362756-00363086 to withstand criticism and to approach our work as VUYKtmome_y-01152-00363086-00363372 if we don't know the answers. VUYKtmome_y-01153-00363372-00363514 Survivors of human trafficking are VUYKtmome_y-01154-00363514-00363847 people who have the profound ability to be humble. VUYKtmome_y-01155-00363847-00364138 We've had to rebuild our lives from scratch, face VUYKtmome_y-01156-00364138-00364459 deep questions about reality and truth. VUYKtmome_y-01157-00364459-00364861 Am I worthy of love or am I here to be used? VUYKtmome_y-01158-00364861-00365237 Is the world fair or is it unjust? VUYKtmome_y-01159-00365237-00365421 Do the people who say they are trying VUYKtmome_y-01160-00365421-00365706 to help me understand that there are VUYKtmome_y-01161-00365706-00366074 some things that they just can't understand, VUYKtmome_y-01162-00366074-00366311 or is it more important for each of us VUYKtmome_y-01163-00366311-00366557 to recognize our own achievements than it VUYKtmome_y-01164-00366557-00366951 is to elevate the voices of survivors? VUYKtmome_y-01165-00366951-00367333 This leads me to the last H, hope. VUYKtmome_y-01166-00367333-00367558 Survivors of slavery and human trafficking VUYKtmome_y-01167-00367558-00367987 have a superhuman power to sustain hope in situations VUYKtmome_y-01168-00367987-00368284 that most of us would deem hopeless. VUYKtmome_y-01169-00368284-00368464 I have seen this hope in survivors VUYKtmome_y-01170-00368464-00368746 who are building their own communities, who VUYKtmome_y-01171-00368746-00368998 provide for themselves, especially when governments VUYKtmome_y-01172-00368998-00369383 and NGOs have failed to do so or have fallen short. VUYKtmome_y-01173-00369383-00369614 Survivors are building sustainable communities VUYKtmome_y-01174-00369614-00370074 in which we can live, love, work, and play. VUYKtmome_y-01175-00370074-00370485 It is time for this movement to invest our hope in survivors VUYKtmome_y-01176-00370485-00370911 and our ability not just to survive, but to lead humbly, VUYKtmome_y-01177-00370911-00371239 courageously, and collectively. VUYKtmome_y-01178-00371239-00371657 We must invest in survivors and survivor-led communities. VUYKtmome_y-01179-00371657-00371809 We must learn to listen. VUYKtmome_y-01180-00371809-00372212 We must learn how to elevate without tokenizing, VUYKtmome_y-01181-00372212-00372502 pedestalizing one survivor over another, VUYKtmome_y-01182-00372502-00372847 and must move beyond the vision of survivors VUYKtmome_y-01183-00372847-00373121 as service recipients. VUYKtmome_y-01184-00373121-00373403 We are service providers. VUYKtmome_y-01185-00373403-00373725 We are activists and researchers. VUYKtmome_y-01186-00373725-00374019 Whether we have been formally educated or not, VUYKtmome_y-01187-00374019-00374431 we can be thought leaders and policymakers. VUYKtmome_y-01188-00374431-00374814 We can be, and I promise you we will be, VUYKtmome_y-01189-00374814-00375084 the leaders in the next 20 years. VUYKtmome_y-01190-00375084-00375184 I hope you will join us. VUYKtmome_y-01191-00375481-00375636 AMBASSADOR RICHMOND: Thank you, Minh. VUYKtmome_y-01192-00375636-00375922 I appreciate your leadership within this movement VUYKtmome_y-01193-00375922-00376264 and your call for us to think about justice including VUYKtmome_y-01194-00376264-00376567 aftercare, as well as bringing humility VUYKtmome_y-01195-00376567-00376822 and hope to this movement. VUYKtmome_y-01196-00376822-00377128 I also look forward to the leadership of survivors VUYKtmome_y-01197-00377128-00377284 in the next 20 years. VUYKtmome_y-01198-00377284-00377498 We're grateful for everyone. VUYKtmome_y-01199-00377498-00377686 Well, I appreciate each of the interventions VUYKtmome_y-01200-00377686-00377830 by our four panelists. VUYKtmome_y-01201-00377830-00378187 We're now going to move into a time of question and answer. VUYKtmome_y-01202-00378187-00378346 Several questions have been submitted. VUYKtmome_y-01203-00378346-00378546 We're grateful for the permanent representatives VUYKtmome_y-01204-00378546-00378751 that are a part of this today. VUYKtmome_y-01205-00378751-00379117 We'll ask each of the panelists to keep their comments VUYKtmome_y-01206-00379117-00379330 and answers as brief as possible so that we VUYKtmome_y-01207-00379330-00379603 can have the maximum number of questions VUYKtmome_y-01208-00379603-00379807 in the time that remains. VUYKtmome_y-01209-00379807-00380050 With that, we'll turn to the permanent representative VUYKtmome_y-01210-00380050-00380398 of Japan, who asks the panelists, VUYKtmome_y-01211-00380398-00380956 in their opinion, what is the most critical factor VUYKtmome_y-01212-00380956-00381202 in successfully fighting human trafficking VUYKtmome_y-01213-00381202-00381559 when legal systems vary from country to country? VUYKtmome_y-01214-00381559-00381760 Perhaps we can start with Miss Forrest. VUYKtmome_y-01215-00382039-00382272 MS. FORREST: There's a lot of competing interests there, VUYKtmome_y-01216-00382272-00382375 so that's a hard one. VUYKtmome_y-01217-00382375-00382674 I think, as I said, removing the roadblocks for women and girls VUYKtmome_y-01218-00382674-00382905 to fully and fairly participate has surely VUYKtmome_y-01219-00382905-00383061 got to be foundational. VUYKtmome_y-01220-00383061-00383244 But I think one of the quickest ways VUYKtmome_y-01221-00383244-00383496 that the eradication of normalized exploitation VUYKtmome_y-01222-00383496-00383808 could occur is by holding multinational companies VUYKtmome_y-01223-00383808-00383907 to account. VUYKtmome_y-01224-00383907-00384148 It is not OK that slavery, exploitation, VUYKtmome_y-01225-00384148-00384380 and human trafficking are normalized part VUYKtmome_y-01226-00384380-00384579 of our economies, and they are. VUYKtmome_y-01227-00384579-00384804 And I think that ensuring that government and business VUYKtmome_y-01228-00384804-00385149 accountability goes hand in hand and is formalized VUYKtmome_y-01229-00385149-00385335 is a quick way that we can create VUYKtmome_y-01230-00385335-00385635 further change in this field. VUYKtmome_y-01231-00385635-00385798 AMBASSADOR RICHMOND: Thank you so much. VUYKtmome_y-01232-00385798-00386242 We'll ask the same question to the Attorney General from Peru. VUYKtmome_y-01233-00386242-00386398 When you think about prioritizing, VUYKtmome_y-01234-00386398-00386659 which intervention at this point do you VUYKtmome_y-01235-00386659-00386928 think is most critical to stop human trafficking given VUYKtmome_y-01236-00386928-00387166 the fact that legal systems vary from country to country? VUYKtmome_y-01237-00387879-00388101 DR. AVALOS: I think this is a very important issue. VUYKtmome_y-01238-00388101-00388509 We need to talk about prevention, early detection VUYKtmome_y-01239-00388509-00388900 in order to avoid these crimes from happening. VUYKtmome_y-01240-00388900-00389091 Another factor that I think is important VUYKtmome_y-01241-00389091-00389259 as well when it comes to prevention VUYKtmome_y-01242-00389259-00389724 is awareness and making people more aware of these issues, VUYKtmome_y-01243-00389724-00389935 because human resource is extremely important. VUYKtmome_y-01244-00389935-00390261 We need to start working so that people VUYKtmome_y-01245-00390261-00390435 know what their rights are. VUYKtmome_y-01246-00390435-00390904 I was talking to colleagues who are prosecuting these cases, VUYKtmome_y-01247-00390904-00391326 and one thing they told me was that oftentimes, victims, VUYKtmome_y-01248-00391326-00391686 it's not only their body that's been kidnapped. VUYKtmome_y-01249-00391686-00391786 It's their mind as well. VUYKtmome_y-01250-00391786-00391931 They don't believe they're victims. VUYKtmome_y-01251-00391931-00392092 So we need to make people aware. VUYKtmome_y-01252-00392092-00392320 If we don't work on prevention, we can't get ahead. VUYKtmome_y-01253-00392320-00392416 Everything's important. VUYKtmome_y-01254-00392416-00392815 Protection, prosecution, but I think that there VUYKtmome_y-01255-00392815-00392956 needs to be feedback here. VUYKtmome_y-01256-00392956-00393301 So I think that what we need to work on first and foremost VUYKtmome_y-01257-00393301-00393542 is prevention. VUYKtmome_y-01258-00393542-00393705 AMBASSADOR RICHMOND: I appreciate that. VUYKtmome_y-01259-00393705-00393882 Prevention is critical. VUYKtmome_y-01260-00393882-00394141 And perhaps shifting to Sierra Leone, VUYKtmome_y-01261-00394141-00394491 to Vice President Juldeh Jalloh, as you're prioritizing, VUYKtmome_y-01262-00394491-00394782 what do you think is the most critical factor, VUYKtmome_y-01263-00394782-00394962 the most critical intervention right now VUYKtmome_y-01264-00394962-00395107 to combat trafficking in persons? VUYKtmome_y-01265-00395378-00395540 DR. JALLOH: Well, interestingly, I VUYKtmome_y-01266-00395540-00395714 have just cataloged what we have been VUYKtmome_y-01267-00395714-00395918 doing at the domestic front. VUYKtmome_y-01268-00395918-00396128 And then we realized that there are gaps, VUYKtmome_y-01269-00396128-00396395 because what is happening in Sierra Leone today, most-- VUYKtmome_y-01270-00396395-00396795 in the last couple of months, like, the last two years, VUYKtmome_y-01271-00396795-00397061 three years, most of the people that VUYKtmome_y-01272-00397061-00397245 have been trafficked out of this country VUYKtmome_y-01273-00397245-00397494 didn't flew out of Sierra Leone. VUYKtmome_y-01274-00397494-00397859 They were transported by road to Guinea, to Gambia, to Senegal, VUYKtmome_y-01275-00397859-00398051 and then from there, they fly out. VUYKtmome_y-01276-00398051-00398357 So it shows that the priority we want to focus on now VUYKtmome_y-01277-00398357-00398648 is to see how we can internationalize it VUYKtmome_y-01278-00398648-00399158 in the sense that, how can we get the regional organizations, VUYKtmome_y-01279-00399158-00399646 like the Mano River Union list of regional organizations VUYKtmome_y-01280-00399646-00399959 to be able to invest the same level of energy we VUYKtmome_y-01281-00399959-00400058 are doing here? VUYKtmome_y-01282-00400058-00400202 We can do everything here. VUYKtmome_y-01283-00400202-00400454 But if we are not connected today, VUYKtmome_y-01284-00400454-00400838 if we also don't help them to come to speak so that they also VUYKtmome_y-01285-00400838-00401234 can fast track a prosecution, they also VUYKtmome_y-01286-00401234-00401592 can put in place a mechanism to stop trafficking. VUYKtmome_y-01287-00401592-00401843 I thought it would be very, very, very, very, very, very VUYKtmome_y-01288-00401843-00401948 limited. VUYKtmome_y-01289-00401948-00402179 In addition to that, we have realized recently VUYKtmome_y-01290-00402179-00402389 from data I've just told you that we VUYKtmome_y-01291-00402389-00402596 are getting Sierra Leoneans coming in VUYKtmome_y-01292-00402596-00402782 from UAE, from Lebanon. VUYKtmome_y-01293-00402782-00402938 We have been interviewing them. VUYKtmome_y-01294-00402938-00403259 We have tried to get an insight into their perspective. VUYKtmome_y-01295-00403259-00403640 I totally agree with one of the-- VUYKtmome_y-01296-00403640-00403898 first, I will say that the majority of them VUYKtmome_y-01297-00403898-00404373 are young girls and women, young girls and women. VUYKtmome_y-01298-00404373-00404869 So we realize that this social economic implication, VUYKtmome_y-01299-00404869-00405323 the growing rise of poverty, and the inability of families today VUYKtmome_y-01300-00405323-00405533 in this part of the world, particularly VUYKtmome_y-01301-00405533-00405728 in poor and vulnerable communities, VUYKtmome_y-01302-00405728-00405926 to be able to put life together. VUYKtmome_y-01303-00405926-00406256 That is why also we have introduced microcredit scheme. VUYKtmome_y-01304-00406256-00406721 We have just, as a government, we just put together $5 million VUYKtmome_y-01305-00406721-00407040 to help women in vulnerable communities VUYKtmome_y-01306-00407040-00407252 so that they can go into small businesses. VUYKtmome_y-01307-00407252-00407459 This can maybe discourage them to go. VUYKtmome_y-01308-00407459-00407870 But I see the priority for us, particularly in the West Africa VUYKtmome_y-01309-00407870-00408257 subregion, is to internationalize trafficking, VUYKtmome_y-01310-00408257-00408401 anti trafficking effort. VUYKtmome_y-01311-00408401-00408713 To get neighboring countries to get the same tempo, VUYKtmome_y-01312-00408713-00409115 to be able to know that we have a shared understanding of what VUYKtmome_y-01313-00409115-00409226 we need to do. VUYKtmome_y-01314-00409226-00409731 And then a shared effort to stop trafficking so that Sierra VUYKtmome_y-01315-00409731-00410000 Leoneans cannot be trafficked out of Senegal. VUYKtmome_y-01316-00410000-00410270 Sierra Leoneans cannot be trafficked out of Gambia, VUYKtmome_y-01317-00410270-00410681 out of Mali, where we have that kind of subregional engagement. VUYKtmome_y-01318-00410681-00411017 I think for us, that is a priority at this stage. VUYKtmome_y-01319-00411017-00411255 AMBASSADOR RICHMOND: Appreciate that, Mr. Vice President. VUYKtmome_y-01320-00411255-00411592 And the same question to Minh Dang at the University VUYKtmome_y-01321-00411592-00411681 of Nottingham. VUYKtmome_y-01322-00411681-00411880 If you're going to prioritize one intervention, VUYKtmome_y-01323-00411880-00412100 what do you think is the most critical at this stage? VUYKtmome_y-01324-00412533-00412704 EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR DANG: I think that one VUYKtmome_y-01325-00412704-00412860 of the most critical interventions VUYKtmome_y-01326-00412860-00413306 is, to beat a dead horse, survivor engagement. VUYKtmome_y-01327-00413306-00413658 Because I think that when we bring survivors into the fold, VUYKtmome_y-01328-00413658-00413905 we actually improve interventions. VUYKtmome_y-01329-00413905-00414068 And so I think that we actually need VUYKtmome_y-01330-00414068-00414452 to focus on education and empowerment of survivors VUYKtmome_y-01331-00414452-00414834 to then use the expertise and knowledge to go back VUYKtmome_y-01332-00414834-00415160 into their communities and help to prevent VUYKtmome_y-01333-00415160-00415635 and to provide aftercare. VUYKtmome_y-01334-00415635-00415800 AMBASSADOR RICHMOND: Thank you so much. VUYKtmome_y-01335-00415800-00416055 From Civil Society, Dr. Sandy Morgan, VUYKtmome_y-01336-00416055-00416274 a professor at Vanguard University, VUYKtmome_y-01337-00416274-00416670 has a question for Dr. Avalos in Peru. VUYKtmome_y-01338-00416670-00417024 Dr. Morgan asks, I've watched the progress VUYKtmome_y-01339-00417024-00417285 of girls' education in Peru for many years. VUYKtmome_y-01340-00417285-00417593 Do you believe that there is support or evidence VUYKtmome_y-01341-00417593-00417927 that these programs have prevented human trafficking, VUYKtmome_y-01342-00417927-00418176 especially labor trafficking? VUYKtmome_y-01343-00418176-00418254 Dr. Avalos? VUYKtmome_y-01344-00419150-00419468 DR. AVALOS: Well, in Peru especially, VUYKtmome_y-01345-00419468-00419927 the public ministry for us is very, very important VUYKtmome_y-01346-00419927-00420527 to treat the cases of young kids that are vulnerable not only VUYKtmome_y-01347-00420527-00420758 because they are young, but because they VUYKtmome_y-01348-00420758-00421052 are in the developmental stage. VUYKtmome_y-01349-00421052-00421339 We have a protocol to take care of victims, VUYKtmome_y-01350-00421339-00421805 and there is one chapter on how to deal with girls VUYKtmome_y-01351-00421805-00422129 and boys and adolescents. VUYKtmome_y-01352-00422129-00422741 I think that education is very important. VUYKtmome_y-01353-00422741-00423026 As I said, prevention for me is very important VUYKtmome_y-01354-00423026-00423464 because the kids, not only do you have to protect the kids, VUYKtmome_y-01355-00423464-00423767 you have to empower women so that they know VUYKtmome_y-01356-00423767-00423922 their rights that they have. VUYKtmome_y-01357-00423922-00424406 For me, it is very important to work with the risk factors. VUYKtmome_y-01358-00424406-00424793 When somebody, with a woman, for example, VUYKtmome_y-01359-00424793-00425284 that really is assured of her capabilities, VUYKtmome_y-01360-00425284-00425595 she will not fall as a victim. VUYKtmome_y-01361-00425595-00426056 So the only thing that I do is give them an education, VUYKtmome_y-01362-00426056-00426234 but I don't empower them. VUYKtmome_y-01363-00426234-00426431 They are not going-- VUYKtmome_y-01364-00426431-00426660 they might fall as victims. VUYKtmome_y-01365-00426660-00427001 So we have an agreement with the Ministry VUYKtmome_y-01366-00427001-00427277 of Women and Vulnerable Population VUYKtmome_y-01367-00427277-00427843 that is related to those cases for kids and adolescents. VUYKtmome_y-01368-00427843-00427968 Why do we do this? VUYKtmome_y-01369-00427968-00428306 Because we can work in a comprehensive manner VUYKtmome_y-01370-00428306-00428828 to be able to fight this tolerance that we see VUYKtmome_y-01371-00428828-00429026 in this society or this indifference VUYKtmome_y-01372-00429026-00429278 that we see in this society, unfortunately. VUYKtmome_y-01373-00429278-00429728 Some people really are not aware exactly how important VUYKtmome_y-01374-00429728-00429902 this crime is. VUYKtmome_y-01375-00429902-00430297 And sometimes the ministries of economies VUYKtmome_y-01376-00430297-00430967 do not channel money to create prosecutors office VUYKtmome_y-01377-00430967-00431117 to fight this crime. VUYKtmome_y-01378-00431117-00431402 I think that we have made some strides, VUYKtmome_y-01379-00431402-00431806 but I think there is a long way to go. VUYKtmome_y-01380-00431806-00431968 AMBASSADOR RICHMOND: Thank you so much, VUYKtmome_y-01381-00431968-00432070 Madam Attorney General. VUYKtmome_y-01382-00432070-00432352 Our next question is for the Vice President of Sierra Leone VUYKtmome_y-01383-00432352-00432751 and is a timely question about global poverty and starvation. VUYKtmome_y-01384-00432751-00433045 Timely because today, the World Food Program VUYKtmome_y-01385-00433045-00433261 was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize. VUYKtmome_y-01386-00433261-00433420 And the head of the World Food Program VUYKtmome_y-01387-00433420-00433657 has estimated that half a billion people will VUYKtmome_y-01388-00433657-00434077 be forced into global poverty due to the government shutdown VUYKtmome_y-01389-00434077-00434267 orders around the world. VUYKtmome_y-01390-00434267-00434704 So the question comes from Than Baardson of the organization VUYKtmome_y-01391-00434704-00434810 Unseen. VUYKtmome_y-01392-00434810-00435210 And he asks, with the rise in global poverty and starvation, VUYKtmome_y-01393-00435210-00435559 which aspect of trafficking do you anticipate VUYKtmome_y-01394-00435559-00435727 to be most concerning? VUYKtmome_y-01395-00435727-00435845 Mr. Vice President? VUYKtmome_y-01396-00436105-00436328 DR. JALLOH: Well, basically, from my own experience, VUYKtmome_y-01397-00436328-00436610 it's the illegal migrant workers. VUYKtmome_y-01398-00436610-00436835 Because what you have today, because I VUYKtmome_y-01399-00436835-00437153 am speaking from data, what you have today VUYKtmome_y-01400-00437153-00437518 of the people, the survivors, we are being interviewed, VUYKtmome_y-01401-00437518-00437858 and the young girls and women that are coming back VUYKtmome_y-01402-00437858-00437989 to Sierra Leone. VUYKtmome_y-01403-00437989-00438392 Most of them are saying that they are moving out VUYKtmome_y-01404-00438392-00438551 of this country because they think VUYKtmome_y-01405-00438551-00438835 going to solicit job in other countries VUYKtmome_y-01406-00438835-00439037 will improve their economic prospects. VUYKtmome_y-01407-00439037-00439164 Because there's poverty. VUYKtmome_y-01408-00439164-00439526 There is the inability of the state to provide jobs VUYKtmome_y-01409-00439526-00439843 and then to make life very comfortable to them. VUYKtmome_y-01410-00439843-00440114 So they are being forced out of that. VUYKtmome_y-01411-00440114-00440832 So I think for us, when poverty-- VUYKtmome_y-01412-00440832-00441128 better economic prospect outside must VUYKtmome_y-01413-00441128-00441401 have forced them to move out. VUYKtmome_y-01414-00441401-00441827 But even beyond that, but even beyond that, I don't think-- VUYKtmome_y-01415-00441827-00442103 I don't know at this stage whether we have data. VUYKtmome_y-01416-00442103-00442421 But I can tell you we mostly have got more countries that VUYKtmome_y-01417-00442421-00442625 are, in terms of the human poverty VUYKtmome_y-01418-00442625-00442821 and the human development in this country, VUYKtmome_y-01419-00442821-00442938 most have been very poor. VUYKtmome_y-01420-00442938-00443267 Women, maybe their trafficking data is very low. VUYKtmome_y-01421-00443267-00443430 That is something we have to look into. VUYKtmome_y-01422-00443430-00443651 I don't know at this stage. VUYKtmome_y-01423-00443651-00444085 What I'm saying is that majority of these illegal migrant VUYKtmome_y-01424-00444085-00444314 workers that we have trafficked out of Sierra Leone VUYKtmome_y-01425-00444314-00444545 are young girls and women. VUYKtmome_y-01426-00444545-00444752 Majority of the young girls, however. VUYKtmome_y-01427-00444752-00444908 Today, they are coming back. VUYKtmome_y-01428-00444908-00445309 They are saying, why did you take this adventure? VUYKtmome_y-01429-00445309-00445452 Why did you want to go? VUYKtmome_y-01430-00445452-00445575 Why were you encouraged? VUYKtmome_y-01431-00445575-00445696 You know, who encouraged you? VUYKtmome_y-01432-00445696-00446160 Why was it very easy for you to fall prey to this? VUYKtmome_y-01433-00446160-00446343 Most of them say, we are going out VUYKtmome_y-01434-00446343-00446563 for better economic prospects. VUYKtmome_y-01435-00446563-00446982 But I think even beyond poverty, a country can be poor. VUYKtmome_y-01436-00446982-00447285 A country poverty, a country can be poor. VUYKtmome_y-01437-00447285-00447468 There will be starvation. VUYKtmome_y-01438-00447468-00447787 But yet still, if you don't have people VUYKtmome_y-01439-00447787-00448133 who exploit that situation to help them traffic, VUYKtmome_y-01440-00448133-00448453 to help them to move them out, then trafficking VUYKtmome_y-01441-00448453-00448558 will not take place. VUYKtmome_y-01442-00448558-00448787 Because on their own, they're doing this move. VUYKtmome_y-01443-00448787-00448914 There is a cartel. VUYKtmome_y-01444-00448914-00449156 There is a very effective coordination. VUYKtmome_y-01445-00449156-00449364 So I think in as much as we are going VUYKtmome_y-01446-00449364-00449991 to address poverty and global starvation as one impediment VUYKtmome_y-01447-00449991-00450555 to trafficking imposing, there is also the need to enforce, VUYKtmome_y-01448-00450555-00450853 to enforce prosecution. VUYKtmome_y-01449-00450853-00451222 So that at least we build the capacity of the law officers, VUYKtmome_y-01450-00451222-00451678 of the police to be able to track people or exploit VUYKtmome_y-01451-00451678-00451872 extremely vulnerable people. VUYKtmome_y-01452-00451872-00452116 In Sierra Leone, that is why we have also VUYKtmome_y-01453-00452116-00452424 decided that this year, we unleashed a program. VUYKtmome_y-01454-00452424-00452791 I've just submitted $5 million to support microcredit. VUYKtmome_y-01455-00452791-00453055 And we are going to target vulnerable communities. VUYKtmome_y-01456-00453055-00453214 We are going to target communities VUYKtmome_y-01457-00453214-00453442 that have been the source of recruitment, VUYKtmome_y-01458-00453442-00453763 the source of recruitment of illegal migrant workers. VUYKtmome_y-01459-00453763-00454030 And we are going to target young girls and women. VUYKtmome_y-01460-00454030-00454282 We are going to help them not only with small capital VUYKtmome_y-01461-00454282-00454528 to do business, but to create skills for them VUYKtmome_y-01462-00454528-00454688 to improve their savings. VUYKtmome_y-01463-00454688-00454975 And we think a combination of all of this would go. VUYKtmome_y-01464-00454975-00455524 But here, data shows that the majority of these young girls VUYKtmome_y-01465-00455524-00455881 and women that go out of this country, that are trafficked VUYKtmome_y-01466-00455881-00456378 out of this country, they got into this, essentially, VUYKtmome_y-01467-00456378-00456808 and the reason they give today is poverty and better VUYKtmome_y-01468-00456808-00457030 economic prospects outside. VUYKtmome_y-01469-00457030-00457243 AMBASSADOR RICHMOND: Thank you, Mr. Vice President. VUYKtmome_y-01470-00457243-00457426 And it's a challenging distinction. VUYKtmome_y-01471-00457426-00457711 We know that poverty is a vulnerability. VUYKtmome_y-01472-00457711-00457945 We know that poverty doesn't, and other vulnerabilities, VUYKtmome_y-01473-00457945-00458077 don't cause trafficking. VUYKtmome_y-01474-00458077-00458227 But we know that traffickers target VUYKtmome_y-01475-00458227-00458418 people who are vulnerable because they believe VUYKtmome_y-01476-00458418-00458566 they're easier to coerce. VUYKtmome_y-01477-00458566-00458977 And certainly, food insecurity would be a vulnerability VUYKtmome_y-01478-00458977-00459264 that a trafficker could actually target. VUYKtmome_y-01479-00459264-00459489 I appreciate your comments. VUYKtmome_y-01480-00459489-00459718 Let me turn to Ms. Minh Dang. VUYKtmome_y-01481-00459718-00460006 We have a question regarding survivors. VUYKtmome_y-01482-00460006-00460318 From a Marie Martinez Israelite at the Human Trafficking VUYKtmome_y-01483-00460318-00460780 institute, she asks, what do you think the movement's missing VUYKtmome_y-01484-00460780-00461085 in terms of economic justice for survivors VUYKtmome_y-01485-00461085-00461314 and what are your top recommendations VUYKtmome_y-01486-00461314-00461593 for economic empowerment? VUYKtmome_y-01487-00461593-00461772 EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR DANG: Thank you so much. VUYKtmome_y-01488-00461772-00462099 I think that economic justice is tied VUYKtmome_y-01489-00462099-00462442 to access to education and mental health support. VUYKtmome_y-01490-00462442-00462780 So unfortunately, I think we believe that it is just VUYKtmome_y-01491-00462780-00462989 about providing good wages and jobs, VUYKtmome_y-01492-00462989-00463385 but there is a huge pipeline and process of getting people VUYKtmome_y-01493-00463385-00463585 into those opportunities. VUYKtmome_y-01494-00463585-00463974 We need to understand that when someone is being exploited, VUYKtmome_y-01495-00463974-00464505 in essence, life, and learning, and development is interrupted. VUYKtmome_y-01496-00464505-00464970 And so the process of then rebuilding and re-entering VUYKtmome_y-01497-00464970-00465327 the economic world is going to be fundamentally different. VUYKtmome_y-01498-00465327-00465588 It could take learning a completely new culture VUYKtmome_y-01499-00465588-00465963 and language or it could just be adjusting to life VUYKtmome_y-01500-00465963-00466272 without family, connections, and now being a victim VUYKtmome_y-01501-00466272-00466579 of a survivor of trauma. VUYKtmome_y-01502-00466579-00466830 And so we need to think about the mental health support VUYKtmome_y-01503-00466830-00467112 and access to education need to go hand-in-hand VUYKtmome_y-01504-00467112-00467307 with economic justice. VUYKtmome_y-01505-00467307-00467484 My top recommendations for this would VUYKtmome_y-01506-00467484-00467976 be to provide education, free education as part VUYKtmome_y-01507-00467976-00468312 of restitution and reparations for survivors. VUYKtmome_y-01508-00468312-00468666 I would urge, just as Ms. Forrest talked about, VUYKtmome_y-01509-00468666-00468951 companies not just being held accountable for not having VUYKtmome_y-01510-00468951-00469200 modern slavery, but one of the ways that they can actually VUYKtmome_y-01511-00469200-00469650 contribute positively is to provide targeted pathways VUYKtmome_y-01512-00469650-00469937 and entry pathways to survivors so that we're not just VUYKtmome_y-01513-00469937-00470595 teaching survivors how to make jewelry and gendered employment VUYKtmome_y-01514-00470595-00470688 opportunities. VUYKtmome_y-01515-00470688-00470832 That we are actually giving people VUYKtmome_y-01516-00470832-00471180 a wide set of employment opportunities, VUYKtmome_y-01517-00471180-00471324 just like every other human being, VUYKtmome_y-01518-00471324-00471668 that fits their personalities, their skills, VUYKtmome_y-01519-00471668-00471810 and their affinities. VUYKtmome_y-01520-00471810-00472281 And so we need to be thinking about how do we VUYKtmome_y-01521-00472281-00472641 organize our systems, our economic systems, VUYKtmome_y-01522-00472641-00473220 to not exploit people, but actually to foster VUYKtmome_y-01523-00473220-00473595 their economic long term sustainable freedom? VUYKtmome_y-01524-00473595-00473816 AMBASSADOR RICHMOND: Minh, I appreciate your emphasis VUYKtmome_y-01525-00473816-00474071 on the individual, looking at each survivor VUYKtmome_y-01526-00474071-00474317 and what they need for economic justice VUYKtmome_y-01527-00474317-00474788 as they are trying to deal with the trauma of trafficking. VUYKtmome_y-01528-00474788-00474942 Thank you so much. VUYKtmome_y-01529-00474942-00475184 We also have a question for Ms. Grace Forrest. VUYKtmome_y-01530-00475184-00475529 It comes from Jennifer Reyes Lay of the U.S. Catholic Sisters VUYKtmome_y-01531-00475529-00475751 Against Human Trafficking. VUYKtmome_y-01532-00475751-00475937 Ms. Forrest, she asks, what are you VUYKtmome_y-01533-00475937-00476222 seeing as the most successful practices VUYKtmome_y-01534-00476222-00476501 for actually reducing trafficking in persons? VUYKtmome_y-01535-00476855-00477114 MS. FORREST: The most successful thing that I have seen so far VUYKtmome_y-01536-00477114-00477372 is models of entrenched collaboration VUYKtmome_y-01537-00477372-00477624 that work with frontline civil society groups VUYKtmome_y-01538-00477624-00477852 and connect them with higher authorities VUYKtmome_y-01539-00477852-00478097 to ensure that there can be legal change driven VUYKtmome_y-01540-00478097-00478233 through communities. VUYKtmome_y-01541-00478233-00478464 I think the best group that does this personally VUYKtmome_y-01542-00478464-00478600 is the Freedom Fund. VUYKtmome_y-01543-00478600-00478814 They've proven this through the hotspot model VUYKtmome_y-01544-00478814-00479117 where the theory of funding relies on collaboration VUYKtmome_y-01545-00479117-00479457 and it looks to prevention, to an intervention, VUYKtmome_y-01546-00479457-00479658 to a sustainable development model. VUYKtmome_y-01547-00479658-00480000 Whether you're looking at human trafficking, forced labor, debt VUYKtmome_y-01548-00480000-00480379 bondage, situations of highly exploitative child labor, even VUYKtmome_y-01549-00480379-00480630 forced and child marriage, looking from a broader VUYKtmome_y-01550-00480630-00480949 community education perspective to direct interventions, VUYKtmome_y-01551-00480949-00481214 I think their model is the best one I've ever seen VUYKtmome_y-01552-00481214-00481422 and the best buy in a government could have. VUYKtmome_y-01553-00481422-00481716 It shows true sustainable development, VUYKtmome_y-01554-00481716-00481997 sustainable liberation, and not totalistic, VUYKtmome_y-01555-00481997-00482256 brash ways of liberating people. VUYKtmome_y-01556-00482256-00482550 And because of groups like Survivor Alliance that VUYKtmome_y-01557-00482550-00482826 should be foundational to all frontline efforts, VUYKtmome_y-01558-00482826-00483135 is driven by the expertise of survivors VUYKtmome_y-01559-00483135-00483285 and driven by expertise of survivors VUYKtmome_y-01560-00483285-00483459 in the communities that often have VUYKtmome_y-01561-00483459-00483846 these answers to the most challenging human rights VUYKtmome_y-01562-00483846-00484090 abuses that they face. VUYKtmome_y-01563-00484090-00484274 AMBASSADOR RICHMOND: Thank you, Ms. Forrest. VUYKtmome_y-01564-00484274-00484564 Now we have our final question, and it VUYKtmome_y-01565-00484564-00484922 comes from Haley Clark of Hope International. VUYKtmome_y-01566-00484922-00485081 It'll be for each of the panelists. VUYKtmome_y-01567-00485081-00485239 We'll go around and let each of you VUYKtmome_y-01568-00485239-00485489 answer in focusing beyond the things that have already VUYKtmome_y-01569-00485489-00485606 been stated VUYKtmome_y-01570-00485606-00485981 Haley asks, what do you see as the next big issue? VUYKtmome_y-01571-00485981-00486072 What's on the horizon? VUYKtmome_y-01572-00486072-00486389 What's the next theme in the fight against trafficking VUYKtmome_y-01573-00486389-00486656 in persons in the coming decade that hasn't already VUYKtmome_y-01574-00486656-00486788 been discussed today? VUYKtmome_y-01575-00486788-00487166 We'll start with Peru and Madam Attorney General. VUYKtmome_y-01576-00487166-00487328 What do you see as the next big theme, VUYKtmome_y-01577-00487328-00487594 next big issue in the fight against human trafficking? VUYKtmome_y-01578-00488308-00488864 DR. AVALOS: I believe it would be VUYKtmome_y-01579-00488864-00489305 how to deal with vulnerability post pandemic. VUYKtmome_y-01580-00489305-00489693 Because for us, it is very important VUYKtmome_y-01581-00489693-00490250 to have this protocol to how to certify vulnerability VUYKtmome_y-01582-00490250-00490843 situation, so we have to find out which are the details VUYKtmome_y-01583-00490843-00491039 that the judge and the prosecutor VUYKtmome_y-01584-00491039-00491417 have to take care of to deal with these cases. VUYKtmome_y-01585-00491417-00491987 Because people could be physically vulnerable, VUYKtmome_y-01586-00491987-00492139 mentally vulnerable. VUYKtmome_y-01587-00492139-00492708 So for me, it is going to be, what VUYKtmome_y-01588-00492708-00493139 is the level of vulnerability after this pandemic VUYKtmome_y-01589-00493139-00493758 and the civil reparation and restitution of the right VUYKtmome_y-01590-00493758-00493943 that each one of these victims has. VUYKtmome_y-01591-00494208-00494472 I think it's an issue that we have not dealt with VUYKtmome_y-01592-00494472-00494810 and I think that we have to work very hard on it. VUYKtmome_y-01593-00494810-00495012 Not only with the victims, but what VUYKtmome_y-01594-00495012-00495225 is going to happen after this pandemic. VUYKtmome_y-01595-00495533-00495997 What we want to do is to recover lives for those peoples. VUYKtmome_y-01596-00495997-00496542 I think that this pandemic has really VUYKtmome_y-01597-00496542-00496862 marked a before and an after. VUYKtmome_y-01598-00496862-00497647 I believe that now it is very stark VUYKtmome_y-01599-00497647-00498070 to see how important it is to work VUYKtmome_y-01600-00498070-00498433 at the international level. VUYKtmome_y-01601-00498433-00498993 When you have migrants, when you have different victims, VUYKtmome_y-01602-00498993-00499399 it is very important to work together among countries. VUYKtmome_y-01603-00499855-00500616 I believe that we were able to see-- VUYKtmome_y-01604-00500616-00500925 I mean, this pandemic has started in March. VUYKtmome_y-01605-00500925-00501531 We had 35 operations, 141 claims received, VUYKtmome_y-01606-00501531-00501667 and we have detained people. VUYKtmome_y-01607-00501921-00501971 So-- VUYKtmome_y-01608-00502432-00502595 AMBASSADOR RICHMOND: Thank you so much. VUYKtmome_y-01609-00502595-00502928 I think it's an insightful theme that might happen over VUYKtmome_y-01610-00502928-00503122 the next decade, is what's been the impact VUYKtmome_y-01611-00503122-00503467 of this virus and the world's response to the virus. VUYKtmome_y-01612-00503467-00503684 And we'll be looking for more information about that VUYKtmome_y-01613-00503684-00503813 as we go forward. VUYKtmome_y-01614-00503813-00503984 Shifting to Sierra Leone, and we'll VUYKtmome_y-01615-00503984-00504214 ask the Vice President there. VUYKtmome_y-01616-00504214-00504385 What do you think the next critical theme VUYKtmome_y-01617-00504385-00504554 is going to be over the next decade VUYKtmome_y-01618-00504554-00504985 beyond the ideas that have already been shared today? VUYKtmome_y-01619-00504985-00505339 DR. JALLOH: Well, from the Sierra Leonean experience VUYKtmome_y-01620-00505339-00505781 and given the limitations, the limitations VUYKtmome_y-01621-00505781-00506174 so far in the fight against trafficking in person, I VUYKtmome_y-01622-00506174-00506795 think for us, the next big issue is how do we also VUYKtmome_y-01623-00506795-00507012 penalize receiving countries. VUYKtmome_y-01624-00507012-00507250 We have been looking for individual traffickers. VUYKtmome_y-01625-00507250-00507708 Now we need to engage countries that are receiving countries VUYKtmome_y-01626-00507708-00508122 so that we know that it expands their resources, VUYKtmome_y-01627-00508122-00508439 their resources to support our people to come back home, VUYKtmome_y-01628-00508439-00508672 their resources to rehabilitate them, VUYKtmome_y-01629-00508672-00508892 their resources to support survival VUYKtmome_y-01630-00508892-00509228 does not come from our limited revenue. VUYKtmome_y-01631-00509228-00509430 It has to come from their own results. VUYKtmome_y-01632-00509430-00509645 It has to come from their own budget. VUYKtmome_y-01633-00509645-00509930 So by doing that, we are forcing them also VUYKtmome_y-01634-00509930-00510338 to take proactive measures in their respective countries VUYKtmome_y-01635-00510338-00510612 to discourage trafficking so that it is not VUYKtmome_y-01636-00510612-00510900 only Sierra Leoneans that should prosecute traffickers. VUYKtmome_y-01637-00510900-00511172 But also should prosecute people, VUYKtmome_y-01638-00511172-00511572 individuals that are keeping illegal migrant workers VUYKtmome_y-01639-00511572-00511864 individualized that are migrating people, VUYKtmome_y-01640-00511864-00512225 individuals that are interested in important people, VUYKtmome_y-01641-00512225-00512609 individuals that are exploiting the economic vulnerability VUYKtmome_y-01642-00512609-00512860 of people to bring them to their country. VUYKtmome_y-01643-00512860-00513097 So-- and some of these countries are very rich countries. VUYKtmome_y-01644-00513097-00513257 They're far richer than us. VUYKtmome_y-01645-00513257-00513622 So a country as small as Sierra Leone, with my limited budget, VUYKtmome_y-01646-00513622-00513914 I was spending a lot of money paying air ticket, VUYKtmome_y-01647-00513914-00514157 trying to integrate survivals, let VUYKtmome_y-01648-00514157-00514484 them contribute to that post so that how can VUYKtmome_y-01649-00514484-00514775 big countries, how, like institutions like the United VUYKtmome_y-01650-00514775-00515184 States, big like America, can come and work together VUYKtmome_y-01651-00515184-00515351 with smaller countries like Sierra Leone VUYKtmome_y-01652-00515351-00515764 so that we can get the big guys who are receiving countries VUYKtmome_y-01653-00515764-00516014 to be penalized, and also to contribute VUYKtmome_y-01654-00516014-00516322 to victim rehabilitation, survival [INAUDIBLE].. VUYKtmome_y-01655-00516322-00516643 Because when these survivors come here, we take care of them VUYKtmome_y-01656-00516643-00516814 with our own limited resources. VUYKtmome_y-01657-00516814-00516910 They are sitting there. VUYKtmome_y-01658-00516910-00517024 They have all the money. VUYKtmome_y-01659-00517024-00517202 They are exploiting it. VUYKtmome_y-01660-00517202-00517484 How do you make that trade unprofitable? VUYKtmome_y-01661-00517484-00517682 How do you make it unethical? VUYKtmome_y-01662-00517682-00518022 How do you bring them to their moral responsibility VUYKtmome_y-01663-00518022-00518126 so that this becomes-- VUYKtmome_y-01664-00518126-00518516 but a small country like Sierra Leone cannot be be big guys, VUYKtmome_y-01665-00518516-00518839 big guys, big brothers like America, to be beside us. VUYKtmome_y-01666-00518839-00519160 The multilateral institutions have to be besides us. VUYKtmome_y-01667-00519160-00519434 The [INAUDIBLE],, the United Nations, these are the people, VUYKtmome_y-01668-00519434-00519728 as they have to be, they have to support us to make sure VUYKtmome_y-01669-00519728-00520129 that even though we have decided to make trafficking VUYKtmome_y-01670-00520129-00520446 persons a major bilateral engagement, VUYKtmome_y-01671-00520446-00520904 our limitation to enforce that is really, really, VUYKtmome_y-01672-00520904-00521193 really, really very limited. VUYKtmome_y-01673-00521193-00521410 So the big guys, big brothers have to come, VUYKtmome_y-01674-00521410-00521643 big institutions have to come so that when VUYKtmome_y-01675-00521643-00521993 we show the determination to do something, VUYKtmome_y-01676-00521993-00522110 they are there to guide us. VUYKtmome_y-01677-00522110-00522231 They are there to support us. VUYKtmome_y-01678-00522231-00522543 They are there to help us build up framework that will also VUYKtmome_y-01679-00522543-00522820 penalize these big countries. VUYKtmome_y-01680-00522820-00523041 AMBASSADOR RICHMOND: I very much appreciate that idea VUYKtmome_y-01681-00523041-00523403 that making sure that receiving countries or traffickers VUYKtmome_y-01682-00523403-00523599 themselves, make sure that they're contributing VUYKtmome_y-01683-00523599-00523834 to the restitution and care of the individuals VUYKtmome_y-01684-00523834-00523951 that they've once exploited. VUYKtmome_y-01685-00523951-00524307 And that was similar to the theme struck by the Attorney VUYKtmome_y-01686-00524307-00524661 General from Peru around restitution by traffickers. VUYKtmome_y-01687-00524661-00524736 I appreciate that. VUYKtmome_y-01688-00524736-00524929 We'll shift now with the same question VUYKtmome_y-01689-00524929-00525294 to Ms. Grace Forrest of Walk Free. VUYKtmome_y-01690-00525294-00525489 In terms of the key themes that you'll VUYKtmome_y-01691-00525489-00525837 see for the next decade, what do you anticipate seeing that, VUYKtmome_y-01692-00525837-00526116 beyond the comments that have already been shared? VUYKtmome_y-01693-00526116-00526258 MS. FORREST: Mr. Vice President, I VUYKtmome_y-01694-00526258-00526399 want to thank you for your remarks VUYKtmome_y-01695-00526399-00526615 because I could not agree more. VUYKtmome_y-01696-00526615-00526795 Where we see exploitation and abuse, VUYKtmome_y-01697-00526795-00527023 it needs to come back to the perpetrator, often VUYKtmome_y-01698-00527023-00527239 which are the world's most powerful nations VUYKtmome_y-01699-00527239-00527503 and the world's most powerful multinationals. VUYKtmome_y-01700-00527503-00527893 They must be held to account the exploitation that occurs off VUYKtmome_y-01701-00527893-00528145 their shores as well as domestically. VUYKtmome_y-01702-00528145-00528328 And to this point, for me, I think VUYKtmome_y-01703-00528328-00528628 we need to dismantle systemic discrimination VUYKtmome_y-01704-00528628-00528874 and look at the overarching themes of this VUYKtmome_y-01705-00528874-00529120 across the sustainable development goals. VUYKtmome_y-01706-00529120-00529309 We can't respond to modern slavery VUYKtmome_y-01707-00529309-00529489 effectively in isolation. VUYKtmome_y-01708-00529489-00529846 It must go hand in hand with other STGs. VUYKtmome_y-01709-00529846-00530062 Actually, I think it is foundational to so VUYKtmome_y-01710-00530062-00530335 many of the STGs' deliverance. VUYKtmome_y-01711-00530335-00530593 When we look at dismantling systemic discrimination, VUYKtmome_y-01712-00530593-00531010 we are talking about normalized exploitation in our economy, VUYKtmome_y-01713-00531010-00531367 in global supply chains, in global migration pathways, VUYKtmome_y-01714-00531367-00531694 and existing legal roadblocks that prevent women and girls VUYKtmome_y-01715-00531694-00531913 from fully and freely participating, VUYKtmome_y-01716-00531913-00532117 that prevent women and girls from being seen VUYKtmome_y-01717-00532117-00532348 in the most basic way as equal. VUYKtmome_y-01718-00532348-00532567 All people should be in charge of decisions relating VUYKtmome_y-01719-00532567-00532787 to their body and their future. VUYKtmome_y-01720-00532787-00533038 We must remove the legal roadblocks that prevent this. VUYKtmome_y-01721-00533038-00533374 We must put power back into the hands of survivors VUYKtmome_y-01722-00533374-00533584 and ensure their voices are amplified VUYKtmome_y-01723-00533584-00533777 in the highest house of power. VUYKtmome_y-01724-00533777-00534031 And we must ensure that the perpetrators of this crime, VUYKtmome_y-01725-00534031-00534256 while often are not the people that we think they are, VUYKtmome_y-01726-00534256-00534427 are held to account on every level VUYKtmome_y-01727-00534427-00534846 by citizens, by voters, and by governments. VUYKtmome_y-01728-00534846-00535042 AMBASSADOR RICHMOND: I appreciate your emphasis VUYKtmome_y-01729-00535042-00535250 on holding the perpetrators accountable, including VUYKtmome_y-01730-00535250-00535411 businesses and corporations that might VUYKtmome_y-01731-00535411-00535801 be benefiting from having forced labor in their supply chains. VUYKtmome_y-01732-00535801-00536132 We'll give the last word on this and of our panel VUYKtmome_y-01733-00536132-00536365 to Minh Dang at the University of Nottingham. VUYKtmome_y-01734-00536365-00536442 Minh? VUYKtmome_y-01735-00536442-00536588 EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR DANG: Thank you, VUYKtmome_y-01736-00536588-00536888 and I appreciate you recognizing both my hats as a PhD VUYKtmome_y-01737-00536888-00537086 student and Survivor Alliance. VUYKtmome_y-01738-00537086-00537213 I think there are four things. VUYKtmome_y-01739-00537213-00537380 One, I think we're going to move away VUYKtmome_y-01740-00537380-00537617 from an individualized aftercare approach VUYKtmome_y-01741-00537617-00537887 to a collective empowerment approach. VUYKtmome_y-01742-00537887-00538157 I think we're going to need to pay attention VUYKtmome_y-01743-00538157-00538550 to a group of people who I believe are stateless, VUYKtmome_y-01744-00538550-00538952 in limbo, in asylum situations, and who are not being claimed VUYKtmome_y-01745-00538952-00539381 by either the receiving country or their home countries. VUYKtmome_y-01746-00539381-00539714 We're going to need to look at community-based and local VUYKtmome_y-01747-00539714-00539948 solutions that are fully integrated VUYKtmome_y-01748-00539948-00540262 with national and international strategies. VUYKtmome_y-01749-00540262-00540623 And I think we're going to need to see bridge builders, code VUYKtmome_y-01750-00540623-00541025 switchers, who can effectively bring together collaborations, VUYKtmome_y-01751-00541025-00541358 facilitating these networks and collaborations VUYKtmome_y-01752-00541358-00541745 among civil society, academia, government, businesses, VUYKtmome_y-01753-00541745-00541842 and law enforcement. VUYKtmome_y-01754-00541842-00542108 I think, although we have worked-- VUYKtmome_y-01755-00542108-00542486 there is the 4P that Former Secretary of State Hillary VUYKtmome_y-01756-00542486-00542654 Clinton brought up about partnerships. VUYKtmome_y-01757-00542654-00543158 And I think that we need to more effectively work across VUYKtmome_y-01758-00543158-00543602 our industry bounders to learn how social workers to talk VUYKtmome_y-01759-00543602-00544031 to law enforcement, and for how can we actually together focus VUYKtmome_y-01760-00544031-00544235 on the goal at hand, which is ending VUYKtmome_y-01761-00544235-00544379 the exploitation of human beings. VUYKtmome_y-01762-00544379-00544583 If we're actually working towards the same goals, VUYKtmome_y-01763-00544583-00544910 we can work across our philosophical and theoretical VUYKtmome_y-01764-00544910-00545025 differences. VUYKtmome_y-01765-00545025-00545315 And I think lastly, of course, I would not VUYKtmome_y-01766-00545315-00545576 be me if I didn't say we are going VUYKtmome_y-01767-00545576-00546050 to see the growth and expansion of meaningful survivor VUYKtmome_y-01768-00546050-00546293 inclusion beyond telling our trauma narratives. VUYKtmome_y-01769-00546293-00546605 But survivors and positions of decision making power, pushing VUYKtmome_y-01770-00546605-00546908 all of us to be more accountable, more human, VUYKtmome_y-01771-00546908-00547289 and more committed to treating every human being's life as VUYKtmome_y-01772-00547289-00547625 equal and with the dignity and respect VUYKtmome_y-01773-00547625-00547919 enshrined into the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. VUYKtmome_y-01774-00547919-00548031 Thank you. VUYKtmome_y-01775-00548031-00548173 AMBASSADOR RICHMOND: Minh, I think VUYKtmome_y-01776-00548173-00548368 that's a great point to end on. VUYKtmome_y-01777-00548368-00548734 And we're grateful for everyone who has participated today. VUYKtmome_y-01778-00548734-00548929 We're grateful for Ambassador Craft, VUYKtmome_y-01779-00548929-00549084 for Executive Director Waly. VUYKtmome_y-01780-00549084-00549367 I'm politically grateful for the Deputy Secretary joining VUYKtmome_y-01781-00549367-00549553 us to make an announcement about the program VUYKtmome_y-01782-00549553-00549719 to end modern slavery. VUYKtmome_y-01783-00549719-00550039 Which I think is indicative of a larger trend, VUYKtmome_y-01784-00550039-00550378 of doing big projects over a longer period of time, VUYKtmome_y-01785-00550378-00550621 shaking up the way we've done international development VUYKtmome_y-01786-00550621-00550876 in philanthropy, moving away from short grant VUYKtmome_y-01787-00550876-00551266 cycles and small projects to try and actually work across VUYKtmome_y-01788-00551266-00551530 prosecution, protection, and prevention VUYKtmome_y-01789-00551530-00551801 in the same place at the same time. VUYKtmome_y-01790-00551801-00552021 We're also grateful for the State Department's VUYKtmome_y-01791-00552021-00552466 COVID-19 pandemic fund that the Trafficking in Persons Office VUYKtmome_y-01792-00552466-00552775 has committed to placing millions towards a one year VUYKtmome_y-01793-00552775-00553261 open competition funding NGOs and civil society organizations VUYKtmome_y-01794-00553261-00553543 to address the impacts of COVID and support VUYKtmome_y-01795-00553543-00553816 their efforts to combat human trafficking VUYKtmome_y-01796-00553816-00554044 outside of the United States. VUYKtmome_y-01797-00554044-00554452 And we invite organizations to apply for that rolling funding VUYKtmome_y-01798-00554452-00554875 to help them deal with the impacts of COVID. VUYKtmome_y-01799-00554875-00555154 We also want to recognize all of our panelists VUYKtmome_y-01800-00555154-00555433 and are grateful for each of their participation VUYKtmome_y-01801-00555433-00555727 today, their thoughtful interventions, VUYKtmome_y-01802-00555727-00555943 and we hope that each of you will continue VUYKtmome_y-01803-00555943-00556129 to be leaders in this fight. VUYKtmome_y-01804-00556129-00556399 I want to thank each of you for joining this celebratory event VUYKtmome_y-01805-00556399-00556681 of the 20th anniversary of the United Nations Palermo VUYKtmome_y-01806-00556681-00556771 Protocol. VUYKtmome_y-01807-00556771-00557026 It's also the 20th anniversary of United States Trafficking VUYKtmome_y-01808-00557026-00557239 Victims Protection Act. VUYKtmome_y-01809-00557239-00557443 We look forward to the next 20 years, VUYKtmome_y-01810-00557443-00557683 to building upon what we've already done VUYKtmome_y-01811-00557683-00557855 and accomplishing more in the future. VUYKtmome_y-01812-00557855-00558001 We know that the millions of people VUYKtmome_y-01813-00558001-00558253 that are currently separated from their freedom VUYKtmome_y-01814-00558253-00558394 will be our motivation. VUYKtmome_y-01815-00558394-00558642 Thank you all for attending. VVxTdRSLsVu-00000-00000000-00001019 SCP-4195 reaping what you sow - Object class euclid VVxTdRSLsVu-00001-00001236-00001619 Item #: SCP-4195 VVxTdRSLsVu-00002-00001619-00001819 Object Class: Euclid VVxTdRSLsVu-00003-00001819-00002441 Special Containment Procedures: The property surrounding SCP-4195 location has been purchased VVxTdRSLsVu-00004-00002441-00002703 by the Foundation. VVxTdRSLsVu-00005-00002703-00003166 Research Group Ibis-12 is to remain on site and maintain the property. VVxTdRSLsVu-00006-00003166-00003932 All instances of SCP-4195 and SCP-4195-1 are to be recorded and sent to an anomalous objects VVxTdRSLsVu-00007-00003932-00004032 vault at Site-81. VVxTdRSLsVu-00008-00004032-00004896 Description: SCP-4195 is the designation given to a variety of flora from a garden located VVxTdRSLsVu-00009-00004896-00005319 outside of a home in Jacksonville, IL. VVxTdRSLsVu-00010-00005319-00005998 All instances of SCP-4195 manifest as random species of traditional gardening flowers. VVxTdRSLsVu-00011-00005998-00006718 SCP-4195 instances are able to bloom in spite of weather conditions or the local climate. VVxTdRSLsVu-00012-00006718-00007082 All instances have an increased sprouting rate in comparison to flowers of the same VVxTdRSLsVu-00013-00007082-00007313 species. VVxTdRSLsVu-00014-00007313-00008114 SCP-4195 will produce various objects inside of them, which are hereby referred to as SCP-4195-1. VVxTdRSLsVu-00015-00008114-00008587 (See Addendum.1 for more details). VVxTdRSLsVu-00016-00008587-00009482 SCP-4195 instances will grow to accommodate each SCP-4195-1 instance's respective size. VVxTdRSLsVu-00017-00009482-00009705 Addendum.1: VVxTdRSLsVu-00018-00009705-00010985 Phalaenopsis schilleriana (Orchid) A fifty centimeter angel statue.. VVxTdRSLsVu-00019-00010985-00011567 Tulipa kaufmanniana (Tulip) A plane ticket for Economy Class heading from VVxTdRSLsVu-00020-00011567-00011777 LGA to LAS. VVxTdRSLsVu-00021-00011777-00012309 Rosa 'Mister Lincoln' (Rose) A slip of paper with a phone number on it. VVxTdRSLsVu-00022-00012309-00012686 When called, the number goes to voicemail and plays an automated message telling the VVxTdRSLsVu-00023-00012686-00013061 caller that "Franklin" will call back soon. VVxTdRSLsVu-00024-00013061-00013597 Antirrhinum (Snapdragon) A silver wedding band. VVxTdRSLsVu-00025-00013597-00014276 Dianthus caryophyllus (Carnation) A picture of a house and a smiling man in front of a VVxTdRSLsVu-00026-00014276-00014762 flower garden, presumed to be SCP-4195. VVxTdRSLsVu-00027-00014762-00015386 Rudbeckia hirta (Black-eyed Susan) child's blanket with the name "Mark" hand-embroidered VVxTdRSLsVu-00028-00015386-00015561 on it. VVxTdRSLsVu-00029-00015561-00016177 Narcissus requienii (Daffodil) A cancellation order for a plane ticket going VVxTdRSLsVu-00030-00016177-00016555 from LGA to LAS. VVxTdRSLsVu-00031-00016555-00017148 Atropa belladonna (Deadly Nightshade) bill from the Jacksonville Pediatric Office VVxTdRSLsVu-00032-00017148-00017518 totaling about $10,000 USD. VVxTdRSLsVu-00033-00017518-00018019 Hyacinthus (Purple Hyacinth) A gun license. VVxTdRSLsVu-00034-00018019-00018672 Cirsium vulgare (Spear Thistle) pack of cigarettes and a lighter. VVxTdRSLsVu-00035-00018672-00019144 Antirrhinum (Snap Dragon) Employment termination notice from a local VVxTdRSLsVu-00036-00019144-00019331 fire department. VVxTdRSLsVu-00037-00019331-00020089 Begonia x semperflorens-cultorum (Wax begonia) foreclosure statement on a home. VVxTdRSLsVu-00038-00020089-00020556 Bellis perennis (Daisy) A pillow, which contains trace amounts of VVxTdRSLsVu-00039-00020556-00020855 saliva on the cover. VVxTdRSLsVu-00040-00020855-00021452 Leucanthemum vulgare (Oxe-eye Daisy) A baby monitor which faintly transmits sounds VVxTdRSLsVu-00041-00021452-00021552 of struggle. VVxTdRSLsVu-00042-00021552-00022043 Attempts at locating transceiving end have resulted in faliure. VVxTdRSLsVu-00043-00022043-00022908 Lycoris squamigera (Resurrection lily) A previously fired 9mm bullet. VWwKVuAJz4Y-00000-00000174-00000445 Hello and welcome to Bay College's online lectures for VWwKVuAJz4Y-00001-00000445-00000526 College Algebra. VWwKVuAJz4Y-00002-00000526-00000940 This is section 2.5, which deals with variation. VWwKVuAJz4Y-00003-00000940-00001244 The first thing we're going to consider is this simple shape VWwKVuAJz4Y-00004-00001244-00001284 right here. VWwKVuAJz4Y-00005-00001284-00001438 This is of course a square. VWwKVuAJz4Y-00006-00001438-00001811 Hopefully I drew it proportionately. VWwKVuAJz4Y-00007-00001811-00002076 Now, a square has four equal sides. VWwKVuAJz4Y-00008-00002076-00002308 So I'm just labeling one side as s. VWwKVuAJz4Y-00009-00002308-00002408 That's my variable. VWwKVuAJz4Y-00010-00002408-00002636 This is some length s. VWwKVuAJz4Y-00011-00002636-00002990 Now, if I want to talk about its perimeter and we'll call VWwKVuAJz4Y-00012-00002990-00003368 perimeter p, I can write an equation that represents the VWwKVuAJz4Y-00013-00003368-00003603 perimeter of any square. VWwKVuAJz4Y-00014-00003603-00003959 Now if we think about it, perimeter is just the addition VWwKVuAJz4Y-00015-00003959-00004032 of all sides. VWwKVuAJz4Y-00016-00004032-00004265 Well a square all the sides are the same. VWwKVuAJz4Y-00017-00004265-00004914 So we just have four S's added together or four times s. VWwKVuAJz4Y-00018-00004914-00005224 We can use variation, which is essentially just new VWwKVuAJz4Y-00019-00005224-00005303 terminology. VWwKVuAJz4Y-00020-00005303-00005513 Or maybe you've heard it before, that VWwKVuAJz4Y-00021-00005513-00005670 describes an equation. VWwKVuAJz4Y-00022-00005670-00006019 So if we understand the terminology, we can translate VWwKVuAJz4Y-00023-00006019-00006423 from the English language into algebraic expressions. VWwKVuAJz4Y-00024-00006423-00006904 So here, I can say that the perimeter of a square is VWwKVuAJz4Y-00025-00006904-00007545 directly proportional to any of its one sides with a VWwKVuAJz4Y-00026-00007545-00007814 constant of proportionality of four. VWwKVuAJz4Y-00027-00007814-00008179 Because each square has four equal sides. VWwKVuAJz4Y-00028-00008179-00008427 And that's what we're going to look at and explore here. VWwKVuAJz4Y-00029-00008427-00008848 So we were able to build an equation that explains the VWwKVuAJz4Y-00030-00008848-00009006 perimeter of a square. VWwKVuAJz4Y-00031-00009006-00009430 The first thing we're going to look at is direct variation. VWwKVuAJz4Y-00032-00009430-00009861 Now, just like we had here, p equals 4s, where these are VWwKVuAJz4Y-00033-00009861-00010289 what are my variables, cause as s changes p will change. VWwKVuAJz4Y-00034-00010289-00010486 These are what vary. VWwKVuAJz4Y-00035-00010486-00010825 But every variation equation has a constant of VWwKVuAJz4Y-00036-00010825-00011151 proportionality or a constant of variation. VWwKVuAJz4Y-00037-00011151-00011390 Either word is interchangeable. VWwKVuAJz4Y-00038-00011390-00011720 Now, if we look at direct variation, well essentially VWwKVuAJz4Y-00039-00011720-00012294 what that means is that as y changes, x changes directly. VWwKVuAJz4Y-00040-00012294-00012425 They go in the same direction. VWwKVuAJz4Y-00041-00012425-00012731 If y increases then x must also increase. VWwKVuAJz4Y-00042-00012731-00013119 So you could think of it as direction, direct variation. VWwKVuAJz4Y-00043-00013119-00013497 If we want to build an equation, we must always VWwKVuAJz4Y-00044-00013497-00013857 remember that there is a constant of proportionality. VWwKVuAJz4Y-00045-00013857-00014013 So let's look at an example when it VWwKVuAJz4Y-00046-00014013-00014325 comes to direct variation. VWwKVuAJz4Y-00047-00014325-00014901 Some variable v, varies directly with some variable t. VWwKVuAJz4Y-00048-00014901-00015321 And we're asked to find the constant of variation when v VWwKVuAJz4Y-00049-00015321-00015604 equals 16 and t equals 2. VWwKVuAJz4Y-00050-00015604-00015888 And we also want to write the variation equation. VWwKVuAJz4Y-00051-00015888-00016050 Essentially what this is asking me to VWwKVuAJz4Y-00052-00016050-00016362 do is find k first. VWwKVuAJz4Y-00053-00016362-00016570 Now to do that, we have to realize VWwKVuAJz4Y-00054-00016570-00016730 this says varies directly. VWwKVuAJz4Y-00055-00016730-00017044 So when I read it, I'm going to actually translate it. VWwKVuAJz4Y-00056-00017044-00017697 V varies directly and when I read varies and directly, I VWwKVuAJz4Y-00057-00017697-00018179 know equals some k times the value t. VWwKVuAJz4Y-00058-00018179-00018826 V varies directly as t. VWwKVuAJz4Y-00059-00018826-00019019 Now that I've written this, essentially what I can do is VWwKVuAJz4Y-00060-00019019-00019277 plug-in the information that I'm given. VWwKVuAJz4Y-00061-00019277-00019540 It says find this constant when I know v VWwKVuAJz4Y-00062-00019540-00020188 is 16 and t is 2. VWwKVuAJz4Y-00063-00020188-00020488 Now it's essentially just solving for k. VWwKVuAJz4Y-00064-00020488-00020674 So I can divide both sides by 2. VWwKVuAJz4Y-00065-00020674-00021031 And I find that k equals 8. VWwKVuAJz4Y-00066-00021031-00021276 Because 8 times 2 is 16. VWwKVuAJz4Y-00067-00021276-00021594 This is my constant of variation, or my constant of VWwKVuAJz4Y-00068-00021594-00021756 proportionality. VWwKVuAJz4Y-00069-00021756-00022048 Now, if I want to write the variation equation I just have VWwKVuAJz4Y-00070-00022048-00022435 to put k back into what I translated. VWwKVuAJz4Y-00071-00022435-00022865 So my equation that I can use for any value of v and any VWwKVuAJz4Y-00072-00022865-00023334 value of t is going to be v equals 8t. VWwKVuAJz4Y-00073-00023334-00023642 This is my variation equation. VWwKVuAJz4Y-00074-00023642-00024138 Now, maybe the v is going to change, that means t is going VWwKVuAJz4Y-00075-00024138-00024292 to change in the same direction. VWwKVuAJz4Y-00076-00024292-00024663 If v gets smaller than t must also get smaller because they VWwKVuAJz4Y-00077-00024663-00024817 go in the same direction. VWwKVuAJz4Y-00078-00024817-00025089 That's why it's called direct variation. VWwKVuAJz4Y-00079-00025089-00025278 Well there's another type of variation that we're VWwKVuAJz4Y-00080-00025278-00025348 going to look at. VWwKVuAJz4Y-00081-00025348-00025543 And that's inverse variation. VWwKVuAJz4Y-00082-00025543-00025783 If we're familiar with the word inverse, it means VWwKVuAJz4Y-00083-00025783-00026026 something is flipped or a reciprocal. VWwKVuAJz4Y-00084-00026026-00026352 Well if we look at the variation equation, this says VWwKVuAJz4Y-00085-00026352-00027017 y varies inversely as x, which means x is in a denominator. VWwKVuAJz4Y-00086-00027017-00027310 And the reason why it's called inverse variation is because VWwKVuAJz4Y-00087-00027310-00027682 they're not direct, they go in opposite directions. VWwKVuAJz4Y-00088-00027682-00027945 As v increases, it's because we're dividing VWwKVuAJz4Y-00089-00027945-00028070 by a smaller number. VWwKVuAJz4Y-00090-00028070-00028324 X is decreasing and vice versa. VWwKVuAJz4Y-00091-00028324-00028639 If y is decreasing, it's because x is VWwKVuAJz4Y-00092-00028639-00028907 becoming a larger value. VWwKVuAJz4Y-00093-00028907-00029088 K is constant. VWwKVuAJz4Y-00094-00029088-00029438 With every variation equation, we must remember there is a VWwKVuAJz4Y-00095-00029438-00029743 constant of variation. VWwKVuAJz4Y-00096-00029743-00029899 So let's look at an example that deals VWwKVuAJz4Y-00097-00029899-00030145 with inverse variation. VWwKVuAJz4Y-00098-00030145-00030580 Y varies inversely with the square root of x. VWwKVuAJz4Y-00099-00030580-00030972 Find the constant of variation and the variation equation VWwKVuAJz4Y-00100-00030972-00031352 when y equals 4 and x equals 9. VWwKVuAJz4Y-00101-00031352-00031545 Let's read it again and translate it. VWwKVuAJz4Y-00102-00031545-00031992 Y varies inversely-- VWwKVuAJz4Y-00103-00031992-00032273 that mean's something's going the denominator-- VWwKVuAJz4Y-00104-00032273-00032554 with the square root of x. VWwKVuAJz4Y-00105-00032554-00032793 So I put the square root of x in my denominator. VWwKVuAJz4Y-00106-00032793-00033070 So I've written the variation equation for VWwKVuAJz4Y-00107-00033070-00033276 this inverse variation. VWwKVuAJz4Y-00108-00033276-00033726 Now, it says find this k value when y is 4 and x is nine. VWwKVuAJz4Y-00109-00033726-00033925 Let's just plug those values in. VWwKVuAJz4Y-00110-00033925-00034394 Y is 4, x is nine. VWwKVuAJz4Y-00111-00034394-00034684 We can have this equation to solve for k. VWwKVuAJz4Y-00112-00034684-00034857 Well I can simplify this. VWwKVuAJz4Y-00113-00034857-00035257 The square root of 9 is 3, multiply both sides by 3. VWwKVuAJz4Y-00114-00035257-00035740 So I get k equals 12. VWwKVuAJz4Y-00115-00035740-00036144 Now that I found this, it says find the equation as well. VWwKVuAJz4Y-00116-00036144-00036292 I just have to put it back together. VWwKVuAJz4Y-00117-00036292-00036487 And I'm going to write it right here. VWwKVuAJz4Y-00118-00036487-00037000 Y equals k, which we found to be 12, divided by the VWwKVuAJz4Y-00119-00037000-00037243 square root of x. VWwKVuAJz4Y-00120-00037243-00037757 So y varies inversely with the square root of x with a VWwKVuAJz4Y-00121-00037757-00038110 constant of proportionality of 12. VWwKVuAJz4Y-00122-00038110-00038172 So there we have it. VWwKVuAJz4Y-00123-00038172-00038416 And maybe we'd want to rationalize that denominator, VWwKVuAJz4Y-00124-00038416-00038732 something we talked about in previous videos. VWwKVuAJz4Y-00125-00038732-00039051 All right, let's look at another type of variation, VWwKVuAJz4Y-00126-00039051-00039364 which is called joint variation. VWwKVuAJz4Y-00127-00039364-00039585 Joint variation basically says, there's VWwKVuAJz4Y-00128-00039585-00039840 more than one variable. VWwKVuAJz4Y-00129-00039840-00040170 Joint is very similar to direct, except there's more VWwKVuAJz4Y-00130-00040170-00040265 than one variable. VWwKVuAJz4Y-00131-00040265-00040643 Jointly means we're going to join more variables. VWwKVuAJz4Y-00132-00040643-00041071 So if I read this, this would say y varies VWwKVuAJz4Y-00133-00041071-00041412 jointly as x and z. VWwKVuAJz4Y-00134-00041412-00041520 So two variables. VWwKVuAJz4Y-00135-00041520-00041648 X And z. VWwKVuAJz4Y-00136-00041648-00042099 So let's look at an example of that, it says find k and the VWwKVuAJz4Y-00137-00042099-00042811 equation if t varies jointly with the cube root of x, and VWwKVuAJz4Y-00138-00042811-00042996 the square of d. VWwKVuAJz4Y-00139-00042996-00043222 So let's translate that as we read it. VWwKVuAJz4Y-00140-00043737-00045061 T varies jointly with the cube root of x and the square of d. VWwKVuAJz4Y-00141-00045061-00045309 So we've written the equation. VWwKVuAJz4Y-00142-00045309-00045757 Now, we need to find the constant of variation. VWwKVuAJz4Y-00143-00045757-00046069 And we have to find the equation itself. VWwKVuAJz4Y-00144-00046069-00046277 So I'm going to stop right here. VWwKVuAJz4Y-00145-00046277-00046807 Here is the given information t is 18, x is 8, and d is 3. VWwKVuAJz4Y-00146-00046807-00047131 Find that constant of variation and VWwKVuAJz4Y-00147-00047131-00047368 the variation equation. VWwKVuAJz4Y-00148-00047368-00047661 Now, we're going to look at an application VWwKVuAJz4Y-00149-00047661-00047945 of variation equations. VWwKVuAJz4Y-00150-00047945-00048151 Here is the application problem. VWwKVuAJz4Y-00151-00048151-00048344 And again, it's a story problem so I'm going to read VWwKVuAJz4Y-00152-00048344-00048497 it several times. VWwKVuAJz4Y-00153-00048497-00048915 It says, the force exerted by the wind on a Windows surface VWwKVuAJz4Y-00154-00048915-00049314 varies jointly with the area of the surface and the square VWwKVuAJz4Y-00155-00049314-00049542 of the velocity of the wind. VWwKVuAJz4Y-00156-00049542-00050096 If the force on the area of 20 feet squared is 11 pounds when VWwKVuAJz4Y-00157-00050096-00050471 the wind velocity is 22 miles an hour, find the force on a VWwKVuAJz4Y-00158-00050471-00050952 surface area of 47.125 feet squared when the wind velocity VWwKVuAJz4Y-00159-00050952-00051178 is 36.5 miles an hour. VWwKVuAJz4Y-00160-00051178-00051585 Now, that's a lot of things to keep track of. VWwKVuAJz4Y-00161-00051585-00051834 So when it comes to these application VWwKVuAJz4Y-00162-00051834-00051996 problems, we read it. VWwKVuAJz4Y-00163-00051996-00052133 So we understand the words. VWwKVuAJz4Y-00164-00052133-00052304 And I know what surface area is. VWwKVuAJz4Y-00165-00052304-00052512 And I know what miles per hour are. VWwKVuAJz4Y-00166-00052512-00052858 So I am assessing that I understand the words. VWwKVuAJz4Y-00167-00052858-00053263 Now, I'm going to try to take the given information. VWwKVuAJz4Y-00168-00053263-00053521 The force exerted by the wind. VWwKVuAJz4Y-00169-00053521-00053895 Well, right there I'm going to say, let's use f VWwKVuAJz4Y-00170-00053895-00054179 to represent force. VWwKVuAJz4Y-00171-00054179-00054752 This force is exerted by the wind on a Windows surface. VWwKVuAJz4Y-00172-00054752-00055033 Now that surface, let's just call that s. VWwKVuAJz4Y-00173-00055294-00055838 And we're told that this force varies jointly with the area VWwKVuAJz4Y-00174-00055838-00055938 of the surface. VWwKVuAJz4Y-00175-00055938-00056142 So my surface area. VWwKVuAJz4Y-00176-00056142-00056427 And the square of the velocity. VWwKVuAJz4Y-00177-00056427-00056877 Well velocity, let's just call that v. But it says, the VWwKVuAJz4Y-00178-00056877-00057184 square of the velocity. VWwKVuAJz4Y-00179-00057184-00057549 So the force varies jointly. VWwKVuAJz4Y-00180-00057549-00057974 Varies jointly with the surface area and the square of VWwKVuAJz4Y-00181-00057974-00058104 the speed of the wind. VWwKVuAJz4Y-00182-00058104-00058194 The velocity. VWwKVuAJz4Y-00183-00058194-00058542 Well I need my constant of variation. VWwKVuAJz4Y-00184-00058542-00058727 So here is my given information. VWwKVuAJz4Y-00185-00058727-00059200 Force varies jointly as the surface area and the square of VWwKVuAJz4Y-00186-00059200-00059414 the velocity of the wind. VWwKVuAJz4Y-00187-00059414-00059819 Now, what other information does it give us? VWwKVuAJz4Y-00188-00059819-00060090 It tells me, if the force on an area of 20 VWwKVuAJz4Y-00189-00060090-00060300 feet is 11, is 11. VWwKVuAJz4Y-00190-00060300-00060575 So the force is 11. VWwKVuAJz4Y-00191-00060575-00060898 And the area, my surface area is 20 square feet. VWwKVuAJz4Y-00192-00061426-00062086 When the wind velocity is 22 miles an hour and that value VWwKVuAJz4Y-00193-00062086-00062349 is squared. VWwKVuAJz4Y-00194-00062349-00062563 So and then we get to our comma here. VWwKVuAJz4Y-00195-00062563-00062912 So essentially what I'd done from the given information is VWwKVuAJz4Y-00196-00062912-00063195 just like in the previous examples, we were able to VWwKVuAJz4Y-00197-00063195-00063332 build this equation. VWwKVuAJz4Y-00198-00063332-00063597 What we need to do is solve for k. VWwKVuAJz4Y-00199-00063597-00064040 So let's pause right here at that comma. VWwKVuAJz4Y-00200-00064040-00064224 And solve this. VWwKVuAJz4Y-00201-00064224-00064578 Well, I used a calculator these numbers aren't nice. VWwKVuAJz4Y-00202-00064578-00064786 We could do it. VWwKVuAJz4Y-00203-00064786-00065157 Do the tedious math maybe in the margins, 22 times 22. VWwKVuAJz4Y-00204-00065157-00065354 And then multiply that by 20. VWwKVuAJz4Y-00205-00065354-00065701 And then divide 11 by this value here. VWwKVuAJz4Y-00206-00065701-00065883 Well I've already done that. VWwKVuAJz4Y-00207-00065883-00066096 And it's something you could plug into a calculator and VWwKVuAJz4Y-00208-00066096-00066149 figure it out. VWwKVuAJz4Y-00209-00066149-00066426 But k equals-- and I wrote it over there-- VWwKVuAJz4Y-00210-00066426-00066925 0.001136. VWwKVuAJz4Y-00211-00066925-00067104 So this is our constant of variation. VWwKVuAJz4Y-00212-00067104-00067355 Obviously it's not a nice whole number or a fraction VWwKVuAJz4Y-00213-00067355-00067498 that we represent. VWwKVuAJz4Y-00214-00067498-00067613 But there it is. VWwKVuAJz4Y-00215-00067613-00067926 That is our constant of variation. VWwKVuAJz4Y-00216-00067926-00068283 Now that we know this, we can plug that back in. VWwKVuAJz4Y-00217-00068283-00068632 And now we can find the force no matter what the surface VWwKVuAJz4Y-00218-00068632-00068875 area or wind velocity is. VWwKVuAJz4Y-00219-00068875-00069115 So let me write my variation equation. VWwKVuAJz4Y-00220-00069115-00070174 The force on a window is 0.001136 times the surface VWwKVuAJz4Y-00221-00070174-00070488 area times the velocity squared. VWwKVuAJz4Y-00222-00070488-00070581 That's my equation. VWwKVuAJz4Y-00223-00070581-00070790 Now let's continue reading. VWwKVuAJz4Y-00224-00070790-00071478 Find the force on a surface area of 47.125 feet squared VWwKVuAJz4Y-00225-00071478-00071837 when the wind velocity is 36.5 miles an hour. VWwKVuAJz4Y-00226-00071837-00072099 Well the only thing I'm missing here is the force. VWwKVuAJz4Y-00227-00072099-00072292 It tells me to find the force. VWwKVuAJz4Y-00228-00072292-00072749 So I'm given the surface area and I'm given the miles per VWwKVuAJz4Y-00229-00072749-00072896 hour of the wind. VWwKVuAJz4Y-00230-00072896-00073218 So I'm just going to plug this information in. VWwKVuAJz4Y-00231-00073218-00073743 My surface area is 47.125. VWwKVuAJz4Y-00232-00073743-00074002 Actually I need a little bit more space here. VWwKVuAJz4Y-00233-00074002-00074360 I'm just going to kneel down. VWwKVuAJz4Y-00234-00074360-00075717 My force is 0.001136 when my area is 47.125, and my VWwKVuAJz4Y-00235-00075717-00076261 velocity of the wind is 36.5, and we have to remember VWwKVuAJz4Y-00236-00076261-00076506 squared because that's part of our equation. VWwKVuAJz4Y-00237-00076506-00076935 Now, if we plug that into a calculator, we're going to VWwKVuAJz4Y-00238-00076935-00077030 find that force. VWwKVuAJz4Y-00239-00077030-00077221 And remember units are important VWwKVuAJz4Y-00240-00077221-00077382 in any story problem. VWwKVuAJz4Y-00241-00077382-00077604 The force is going to equal-- VWwKVuAJz4Y-00242-00077604-00078013 and if we plug it into the calculator, we get 71.34. VWwKVuAJz4Y-00243-00078013-00078156 Now, what are the units? VWwKVuAJz4Y-00244-00078156-00078484 Because in every application problem, it's essential that VWwKVuAJz4Y-00245-00078484-00078711 we have units with our final answer. VWwKVuAJz4Y-00246-00078711-00078924 Well let's go back to the problem and make VWwKVuAJz4Y-00247-00078924-00079090 sure we read it again. VWwKVuAJz4Y-00248-00079090-00079354 The force exerted. VWwKVuAJz4Y-00249-00079354-00079849 And it goes through and it says, the force is 11 pounds. VWwKVuAJz4Y-00250-00079849-00080162 Force is measured in pounds. VWwKVuAJz4Y-00251-00080162-00080490 So I'm going to give it unit of pounds. VWwKVuAJz4Y-00252-00080490-00080634 Another way to keep track of that is VWwKVuAJz4Y-00253-00080634-00080780 use dimensional analysis. VWwKVuAJz4Y-00254-00080780-00080991 Maybe that's a method you're familiar with. VWwKVuAJz4Y-00255-00080991-00081302 And we could find what the units of this are, which are VWwKVuAJz4Y-00256-00081302-00081996 actually 1 over square feet miles per hour squared. VWwKVuAJz4Y-00257-00081996-00082245 So it's not a nice unit. VWwKVuAJz4Y-00258-00082245-00082367 But it is what it is. VWwKVuAJz4Y-00259-00082367-00082647 So make sure you include those units. VWwKVuAJz4Y-00260-00082647-00083148 This has been section 2.5 variation. VWwKVuAJz4Y-00261-00083148-00083273 Thank you for watching. VXdifEEW_po-00000-00001538-00001895 I think that it's pretty clear that there won't be enough vaccines VXdifEEW_po-00001-00001895-00002035 for everybody initially. VXdifEEW_po-00002-00002035-00002452 It just takes a long time to get 300 million doses of vaccine made, and VXdifEEW_po-00003-00002452-00003036 if we're looking at November as a potential date for a new vaccine, VXdifEEW_po-00004-00003036-00003356 then people start thinking about, "Well, what are we going to do when there's not enough?" VXdifEEW_po-00005-00003356-00003770 And that's where this proposal and others might fit in. VXdifEEW_po-00006-00004304-00004637 There's four phases to their distribution suggestions. VXdifEEW_po-00007-00004637-00005382 First, they suggest giving high-risk workers and health care facilities and first responders access. VXdifEEW_po-00008-00005382-00005772 And then people of all ages who have multiple comorbid conditions VXdifEEW_po-00009-00005772-00005969 who are at higher risk for illness, VXdifEEW_po-00010-00005969-00006416 as well as older adults who live in crowded settings like nursing homes. VXdifEEW_po-00011-00006416-00006843 The next thing they suggest is helping critical-care workers. VXdifEEW_po-00012-00006843-00007247 That is, workers who are in jobs that are both really important VXdifEEW_po-00013-00007247-00007504 for society and at high risk of exposure. VXdifEEW_po-00014-00007504-00007891 Teachers and school staff, people of all ages who have these VXdifEEW_po-00015-00007891-00008151 conditions that put them at higher risk, VXdifEEW_po-00016-00008151-00008471 as well as older adults who didn't already get the vaccine. VXdifEEW_po-00017-00008471-00008768 And people at homeless shelters and VXdifEEW_po-00018-00008768-00009099 prisons and other detention centers. VXdifEEW_po-00019-00009099-00009432 And then in phase 3, they would give the vaccine to young adults VXdifEEW_po-00020-00009432-00009726 and children as well as people who are in industries VXdifEEW_po-00021-00009726-00010046 essential to society that haven't already received it. VXdifEEW_po-00022-00010046-00010273 And finally, everyone In the U.S. VXdifEEW_po-00023-00010273-00010607 would get a chance to have the vaccine if they haven't already gotten it. VXdifEEW_po-00024-00010607-00010747 Then within each group, VXdifEEW_po-00025-00010747-00011127 they will deploy the social deprivation index, VXdifEEW_po-00026-00011127-00011358 which comes from the Centers for Disease Control VXdifEEW_po-00027-00011358-00011658 and looks at a variety of different kinds of deprivation, VXdifEEW_po-00028-00011658-00012032 and says if you're higher, you know, if you have a higher deprivation index VXdifEEW_po-00029-00012032-00012442 or higher vulnerability index, then within that group, you'll get it first. VXdifEEW_po-00030-00012959-00013246 If we're talking about distributing a vaccine in the U.S. VXdifEEW_po-00031-00013246-00013580 I do have concerns about the National Academies’ proposal. VXdifEEW_po-00032-00013580-00013817 They say that their first priority is to VXdifEEW_po-00033-00013817-00014167 maximize social benefit by reducing death and disability VXdifEEW_po-00034-00014167-00014317 and transmission rates. VXdifEEW_po-00035-00014317-00014691 So at first they'll help try to prevent death and disability and then VXdifEEW_po-00036-00014691-00015001 focus on constraining transmission. VXdifEEW_po-00037-00015001-00015452 But they don't explain exactly what it means to reduce death and disability. VXdifEEW_po-00038-00015452-00015662 You kind of have to explain how to measure that. VXdifEEW_po-00039-00015662-00016069 And instead of really trying to do that they shift to talking about VXdifEEW_po-00040-00016069-00016393 different risk groups. So they define people in different categories, VXdifEEW_po-00041-00016393-00016546 like children and adults, VXdifEEW_po-00042-00016546-00016923 but different kinds of risks. So they'll talk about the risk of acquiring infection, VXdifEEW_po-00043-00016923-00017260 the risk of getting really sick if you get (COVID-19) or dying, VXdifEEW_po-00044-00017260-00017887 the risk of negative social impact if individuals have, you know, a high-priority job, VXdifEEW_po-00045-00017887-00018181 the risk of transmitting disease to others. VXdifEEW_po-00046-00018181-00018505 And then they kind of rank everybody on these different VXdifEEW_po-00047-00018505-00018998 categories and tell us who should get the vaccine first. VXdifEEW_po-00048-00018998-00019376 They do provide some kind of value judgments about their decision, VXdifEEW_po-00049-00019376-00019696 but they never explain how those connect VXdifEEW_po-00050-00019696-00019903 to the risk evaluation they do VXdifEEW_po-00051-00019903-00020153 in a way that would kind of justify what they're doing. VXdifEEW_po-00052-00020647-00020930 I think what matters more than rationing though, VXdifEEW_po-00053-00020930-00021231 is changing pharmaceutical incentives and rules for innovation. VXdifEEW_po-00054-00021231-00021711 So about 80% of the manufacturing is done on generics, VXdifEEW_po-00055-00021711-00021985 which means there's a huge manufacturing capacity VXdifEEW_po-00056-00021985-00022402 on the generic side of things, whereas only 20% is on patented medicines. VXdifEEW_po-00057-00022402-00022752 If we let companies keep patents on those products, VXdifEEW_po-00058-00022752-00022979 then they can charge what they want for those medicines VXdifEEW_po-00059-00022979-00023400 and/or maybe they have advance purchase agreements with the government. VXdifEEW_po-00060-00023400-00023717 But we can't use a lot of that manufacturing capacity, VXdifEEW_po-00061-00023717-00023990 and so there'll be a lot less supply of the vaccine. VXdifEEW_po-00062-00023990-00024371 I think we can tie incentives to what I call global health impact VXdifEEW_po-00063-00024371-00024738 that is to encourage companies to focus on the biggest problems VXdifEEW_po-00064-00024738-00025185 that cause the most death and disability well beyond the pandemic, VXdifEEW_po-00065-00025185-00025428 using things like prize funds, VXdifEEW_po-00066-00025428-00025849 so rewarding companies for innovations based on the health impact of those innovations, VXdifEEW_po-00067-00025849-00026302 or tying things like the orphan drug tax credit to health impact. VXdifEEW_po-00068-00026302-00026569 Companies will say that profit is... VXdifEEW_po-00069-00026569-00026666 Such great profit... VXdifEEW_po-00070-00026666-00027013 They're like the richest fortune 500 companies, right? VXdifEEW_po-00071-00027013-00027480 Such great profits are necessary for getting research and development done, VXdifEEW_po-00072-00027480-00027751 but they don't make their cost transparent. VXdifEEW_po-00073-00027751-00027931 Critics say they're over-inflated VXdifEEW_po-00074-00027931-00028234 and that they include a lot of unethical marketing costs VXdifEEW_po-00075-00028234-00028431 in the data that they provide. VXdifEEW_po-00076-00028431-00028962 At the minimum, companies should substantiate the claim that their profits are justified VXdifEEW_po-00077-00028962-00029519 for us to offer them the kind of patent protections that contribute to inequitable access. VXdifEEW_po-00078-00030013-00030380 I guess if I had to decide how to distribute a vaccine, VXdifEEW_po-00079-00030380-00030740 I would try to save the most lives and not the most life-years, VXdifEEW_po-00080-00030740-00031087 which I think might be driving the National Academies' proposal. VXdifEEW_po-00081-00031087-00031471 Because they don't prioritize the elderly and kind of give them less priority VXdifEEW_po-00082-00031471-00031728 and give children more priority. VXdifEEW_po-00083-00031728-00032052 I think that the arguments (which) are focusing on life-years aren't that great, VXdifEEW_po-00084-00032052-00032419 that for each person, the fact that their life matters so much to them, VXdifEEW_po-00085-00032419-00032659 however long they might have left to live VXdifEEW_po-00086-00032659-00032932 is sufficient reason to treat that person equally. VXdifEEW_po-00087-00032932-00033329 At least unless there's a better argument against that than I've seen. VXdifEEW_po-00088-00033329-00033580 I think a lot of things matter besides saving lives. VXdifEEW_po-00089-00033580-00033930 So economic consequences of a pandemic, for instance, are really important. VXdifEEW_po-00090-00033930-00034274 We have to know how to trade off lives against economic consequences VXdifEEW_po-00091-00034274-00034687 to try to deal with that within a vaccine allocation system. VXdifEEW_po-00092-00034687-00034911 I guess I'm not sure that's the right place to deal with it. VXdifEEW_po-00093-00034911-00035265 I think there may be a tension between helping people go back to work, VXdifEEW_po-00094-00035265-00035535 protecting the elderly, getting kids to school. VXdifEEW_po-00095-00035535-00035915 But we can also use economic policies to address some of the economic problems. VXdifEEW_po-00096-00035915-00036346 So I think a truly ethical proposal would treat every person equally VXdifEEW_po-00097-00036346-00036556 and help countries get vaccines to people VXdifEEW_po-00098-00036556-00036826 when they don't have the capacity to do that on their own. VYeSc8prIeY-00000-00000137-00000237 We've all been there. VYeSc8prIeY-00001-00000237-00000633 And even if you haven't yet, we're here to help you be prepared VYeSc8prIeY-00002-00000633-00000842 for after an accident. VYeSc8prIeY-00003-00004542-00005088 Our job is to make your next steps seamless so you can Trust in Tomorrow.® VcPY4seJH4I-00000-00000610-00001180 We will continue to evolve where we operate and expand where we operate VcPY4seJH4I-00001-00001180-00001622 based on where Australia's national interests are best served. VcPY4seJH4I-00002-00001628-00002068 I think that we've had a distinguished time in the Middle East, we've learned a lot VcPY4seJH4I-00003-00002072-00002540 operating there for almost three decades. The lessons that we have learned VcPY4seJH4I-00004-00002542-00003324 operating in waters far from home are being applied equally as we help our own VcPY4seJH4I-00005-00003324-00003984 very close neighbours and we provide capacity within our own Navy to do more within the region. VeKnwZA8TyU-00000-00000064-00000592 As soon as we know that we know that one of your videos has been changed to private, we immediately VeKnwZA8TyU-00001-00000592-00001224 issue a strike against your channel, and if you get three strikes, we will unsubscribe from you VeKnwZA8TyU-00002-00001224-00001960 because of the number of times you've made videos private. Strikes do not expire for 14 days, VeKnwZA8TyU-00003-00001960-00002664 just like notifications when something changes to dislike, so you should not do that again. VfonJnl4FgA-00000-00001503-00002285 Hey, what up YouTube, what up Z Clan what up, everybody else? Welcome to my follow 76 where to find those outfits now in this VfonJnl4FgA-00001-00002352-00002552 video, we're gonna look for the VfonJnl4FgA-00002-00002611-00002873 military fatigue outfit the one I'm wearing right now and VfonJnl4FgA-00003-00002919-00003425 This video is dedicated to 56 HERTZ because he's been asking around also VfonJnl4FgA-00004-00003426-00003758 He mentioned he'd been here but he was not able to find it. So VfonJnl4FgA-00005-00003826-00004266 I'm gonna in order to find it. You'll need to go to the dining hall through the dining hall VfonJnl4FgA-00006-00004266-00004554 there are a lot of different entrance to this place and VfonJnl4FgA-00007-00004726-00005418 But in order to find those.. be.. (sorry) the military fatigues you'll need to go through the dining hall now VfonJnl4FgA-00008-00005418-00005891 I'm gonna cut out all the killing parts and I'll show you the exact location VfonJnl4FgA-00009-00005973-00006566 Running as soon as we enter. So for example right now we enter we're gonna have a bunch of dudes and VfonJnl4FgA-00010-00006619-00007007 I will show you how to run directly to that place VfonJnl4FgA-00011-00007105-00007352 Starting from this location here VfonJnl4FgA-00012-00007500-00008123 Alright, so I clear out the way to the military fatigues. So once you enter the dining room, you see that no access, right? VfonJnl4FgA-00013-00008123-00008576 There's this place is pretty cool. Actually, it has a lot of good loot and a lot of plastics VfonJnl4FgA-00014-00008650-00008952 My main resource is plastic because I bulk everything plus VfonJnl4FgA-00015-00009000-00009542 Sometimes I need I needed for ammo but in order to get to the military fatigues VfonJnl4FgA-00016-00009542-00009956 So you enter from there, you walk straight turn, right VfonJnl4FgA-00017-00010027-00010225 walk straight VfonJnl4FgA-00018-00010225-00010425 jump over this VfonJnl4FgA-00019-00010486-00010686 Things over here VfonJnl4FgA-00020-00010708-00011388 Why sometimes I can't do it? Okay, fine don't need to jump. You can just bypass it my bad. Oh, yeah. Sorry. I'm VfonJnl4FgA-00021-00011566-00012338 Em.. my overweight, so then you walk through the cell block A you go to the showers and VfonJnl4FgA-00022-00012469-00012619 bingo VfonJnl4FgA-00023-00012619-00013088 We got our military fatigues ladies and gentlemen, and what else do we have here? VfonJnl4FgA-00024-00013134-00013886 Randstad hide outfit now. This one changes all the time military fatigues is always there. I found it already four times now in a row. VfonJnl4FgA-00025-00013941-00014550 Before so and it's in exact same location. So it's definitely there now VfonJnl4FgA-00026-00014550-00014766 I will also show you some Bonus finds VfonJnl4FgA-00027-00014824-00015024 because there are a lot of VfonJnl4FgA-00028-00015121-00015321 good frickin VfonJnl4FgA-00029-00015366-00015590 outfits in this VfonJnl4FgA-00030-00015661-00016119 Location. I'm trying to record here stop shooting VfonJnl4FgA-00031-00016285-00016462 Alright so VfonJnl4FgA-00032-00016462-00016676 military fatigues in the showers now VfonJnl4FgA-00033-00016677-00017268 Let's get on to the bonus loot and see what we find else here now VfonJnl4FgA-00034-00017268-00017934 Okay, these are some bonus outfits as a promise. The military fatigues were already found and I've shown it to you VfonJnl4FgA-00035-00017947-00018449 It's by the way, just in case in exactly the same place right? Do you need to find the laundry place? VfonJnl4FgA-00036-00018450-00018969 And this is one of the three I think locations where you can find a lot of outfits VfonJnl4FgA-00037-00018991-00019304 Like in this one we can find the scavenger outfit VfonJnl4FgA-00038-00019375-00019941 The prisoner Collar. There are a lot of prisoner Collars in this place if you look careful VfonJnl4FgA-00039-00020101-00020301 What was that I just picked up VfonJnl4FgA-00040-00020401-00020960 Prisoner collar, scavenger outfit a straight jacket, see how it looks VfonJnl4FgA-00041-00021289-00022028 I look like a psychopath in this one. Although I cannot really see it that clearly cuz it's dark in here VfonJnl4FgA-00042-00022105-00022343 And there's another one another straight jacket VfonJnl4FgA-00043-00022468-00022796 So this is one of the places where there's a lot of stuff, right? VfonJnl4FgA-00044-00022837-00023589 And oh my god, we've found a minigun in this place as well. What the hell I'm telling you luck. Really!!! VfonJnl4FgA-00045-00023677-00024017 indicates all my freakin a freakin minigun VfonJnl4FgA-00046-00024178-00024376 Come to daddy VfonJnl4FgA-00047-00024376-00024998 Jesus I've been here so many times and previously I did not find this stupid minigun VfonJnl4FgA-00048-00025159-00025359 Yeah VfonJnl4FgA-00049-00025614-00026183 Too bad, I can't wear it though. Oh, yeah. Look at that baby what the hell is wrong with? VfonJnl4FgA-00050-00026475-00026675 And that's VfonJnl4FgA-00051-00026709-00026909 Lol okay VfonJnl4FgA-00052-00027037-00027237 Well, I'm still happy though VfonJnl4FgA-00053-00027270-00027695 All right. So here's some more by the way, I found myself a new wooden armor VfonJnl4FgA-00054-00027781-00027955 Yes VfonJnl4FgA-00055-00027955-00028538 Here's some more outfits drifter outfit. I usually always find it here as they said for in previews VfonJnl4FgA-00056-00028618-00029315 Hooded rags. Okay, those are never found before then means they pretty much change more drifter outfits VfonJnl4FgA-00057-00029368-00029834 These locations change so you can find some other outfits. So it's VfonJnl4FgA-00058-00030009-00030563 Something else that you can find here eventually you guys there's a lot of stuff you can find here. I mean a lot VfonJnl4FgA-00059-00030639-00030962 You should definitely come here. I come here all the time just for the VfonJnl4FgA-00060-00031116-00031424 Leveling because there are a lot of creatures over here VfonJnl4FgA-00061-00031425-00031853 They can be super mutants or scorched or ghouls it changes all the time VfonJnl4FgA-00062-00031858-00032297 Obviously I like when it's more mutants because you get more XP from those dudes VfonJnl4FgA-00063-00032337-00032750 But everybody else is good and plus the loot as good as well with VfonJnl4FgA-00064-00032787-00033161 I can find here a lot of copper a lot of plastic a lot of VfonJnl4FgA-00065-00033228-00033794 Gears lots of the resources, right? That's pretty much what I really need. And yeah VfonJnl4FgA-00066-00033955-00034155 Alright and that would be it VfonJnl4FgA-00067-00034177-00034637 I'm pretty sure there's a lot more to find there. I just I got a run to work VfonJnl4FgA-00068-00034637-00034837 So if I want to upload this video today? VfonJnl4FgA-00069-00035037-00035432 I've got to start editing. So I hope this video really helped you out and VfonJnl4FgA-00070-00035631-00036083 Man I think i find it useful, I think i'll find it and you guys will find it useful VfonJnl4FgA-00071-00036083-00036623 So don't forget to hit that like subscribe if you enjoyed it and leave your comment now, let's take a look VfonJnl4FgA-00072-00036624-00037299 What what we found throughout today's journey now the green bandana, I found it in another location everything else VfonJnl4FgA-00073-00037299-00037596 I found it here. So Hooded rags VfonJnl4FgA-00074-00037952-00038594 Okay, military fatigues obviously wait, why is he no wearing armor VfonJnl4FgA-00075-00038853-00039053 Hooded rags. Oh VfonJnl4FgA-00076-00039288-00039893 My god, this is the worst armor ever it's not even an outfit it takes off all of your gear so VfonJnl4FgA-00077-00040053-00040571 What else do we have here prisoner collar are that glowing thing? There's a lot of them VfonJnl4FgA-00078-00040626-00040958 So I found three usually I find around four or five VfonJnl4FgA-00079-00041064-00041264 This thing right here VfonJnl4FgA-00080-00041394-00041654 What else scavenger outfit VfonJnl4FgA-00081-00041826-00042026 That's all right VfonJnl4FgA-00082-00042063-00042263 What else VfonJnl4FgA-00083-00042285-00042500 Does that makes me look like a psychopath? VfonJnl4FgA-00084-00043168-00043550 All right, so that's pretty much all of the outfits VfonJnl4FgA-00085-00043956-00044336 There we go, alright folks, so I hope you enjoyed the show and VfonJnl4FgA-00086-00044418-00044544 do VfonJnl4FgA-00087-00044544-00045041 Share the video somewhere in the media. That would really help the channel grow. So thank you for watching you VfonJnl4FgA-00088-00045042-00045538 Have a good morning day and night wherever you guys located it. I'll see you on the next video Vho2WdNS8fM-00000-00000620-00000932 Hi there. I'm Ollie Olgerson, child detective Vho2WdNS8fM-00001-00000932-00001448 and I'm back, using my hard-earned recess to solve this school's biggest mysteries Vho2WdNS8fM-00002-00001458-00001664 This is '15 Minutes!' Vho2WdNS8fM-00003-00001930-00002336 Today, I'm going to solve one of the biggest mysteries this school has ever seen Vho2WdNS8fM-00004-00002344-00002784 I'm going to prove that my second-grade teacher, Mrs. Epstein... Vho2WdNS8fM-00005-00002940-00003036 ...Is a witch! Vho2WdNS8fM-00006-00003468-00003646 She loves cats Vho2WdNS8fM-00007-00004088-00004266 Witches love cats Vho2WdNS8fM-00008-00004450-00004530 Oh, hi Ollie Vho2WdNS8fM-00009-00004616-00004720 Hi Mrs. Epstein Vho2WdNS8fM-00010-00004902-00005154 A classic witch's greeting Vho2WdNS8fM-00011-00005470-00005902 She's eating hot soup, but there's no microwave in the classroom Vho2WdNS8fM-00012-00005990-00006158 How did it get hot? Vho2WdNS8fM-00013-00006216-00006522 Ollie, there's a microwave in the teacher's lounge Vho2WdNS8fM-00014-00006680-00006992 I saw her coming from near this car this morning Vho2WdNS8fM-00015-00006998-00007536 and it's red, a classic color for a witch's car Vho2WdNS8fM-00016-00007994-00008176 Yeah, uh, I'm a witch Vho2WdNS8fM-00017-00008298-00008762 You don't even know it but you just gave yourself away Mrs. Epstein Vho2WdNS8fM-00018-00008984-00009536 So you'll see, Mrs. Principal, I have definitive proof that Mrs. Epstein is a witch Vho2WdNS8fM-00019-00009570-00009816 Ollie this is the seventh time this month you've come to me Vho2WdNS8fM-00020-00009816-00009976 with information that a teacher is a witch Vho2WdNS8fM-00021-00010094-00010240 The truth never quits! Vho2WdNS8fM-00022-00010240-00010364 Ollie look at me... Vho2WdNS8fM-00023-00010438-00010856 They're all witches, you go to Mrs. Flannigan's Witch School for Young Witches Vho2WdNS8fM-00024-00010856-00010952 So I was right! Vho2WdNS8fM-00025-00010952-00011264 Yeah, technically, but you're still using a lot of the media club's resources Vho2WdNS8fM-00026-00011264-00011582 the fact that there are witches at this school is not a mystery Vho2WdNS8fM-00027-00011684-00011850 But I still solved it Vho2WdNS8fM-00028-00011850-00011954 NO YOU DIDN'T! Vho2WdNS8fM-00029-00011954-00012182 Join us next time on 'Fifteen Minutes' Vho2WdNS8fM-00030-00012182-00012588 where I take on yet another of our school's biggest mysteries: Vho2WdNS8fM-00031-00012648-00012890 Is the cafeteria lady.... Vho2WdNS8fM-00032-00012982-00013056 ...a witch? Vho2WdNS8fM-00033-00013056-00013166 OLLIE! VjhVqCiCY8Y-00000-00000296-00000346 no! VjhVqCiCY8Y-00001-00000919-00001256 it's no secret that i'm a big fan of mountains and cool weather VjhVqCiCY8Y-00002-00001328-00001880 and so Cameron Highlands... a series of mountainous towns with year-round spring like temperature VjhVqCiCY8Y-00003-00001936-00002320 is unsurprisingly one of my favorite places in Malaysia VjhVqCiCY8Y-00004-00002768-00003215 after two years stuck in Singapore i was finally able to visit again VjhVqCiCY8Y-00005-00004280-00004760 so we are on the way up the Cameron Highlands - finally - it is also the second VjhVqCiCY8Y-00006-00004760-00005521 day of chinese new year, traffic has been intermittently heavy and this is a rest stop VjhVqCiCY8Y-00007-00010704-00011160 so we're not there yet but we are making a stop that we usually do whenever we come up here VjhVqCiCY8Y-00008-00011240-00011891 there is an interesting landmark on the way up to Cameron Highlands - take a look VjhVqCiCY8Y-00009-00020408-00020800 all right it started raining and i'm not wearing the right shoes for this but VjhVqCiCY8Y-00010-00021032-00021616 look at that thing. It's a little too developed over here but it's pretty epic over there VjhVqCiCY8Y-00011-00021704-00021816 right time to get back in the car VjhVqCiCY8Y-00012-00022544-00023064 so we are not getting any reception here and we are late and i can't contact VjhVqCiCY8Y-00013-00023064-00023706 the folks that are running the airbnb sort of place that we're staying in so VjhVqCiCY8Y-00014-00027032-00027680 right so we're in Tanah Rata now which is finally in the vicinity of Cameron Highlands and this is VjhVqCiCY8Y-00015-00027680-00028183 where we're staying as well it's a little... probably one of the bigger towns in the vicinity i think VjhVqCiCY8Y-00016-00030568-00031112 okay we are now at the place that we are supposed to be living in we are waiting VjhVqCiCY8Y-00017-00031112-00031656 for uh the housekeeping staff to meet us here at the car park and i think presumably they'll give VjhVqCiCY8Y-00018-00031656-00032383 us the keys and all that it's already feeling kind of cooling even inside here which is nice VjhVqCiCY8Y-00019-00035656-00036298 powered by U-mobile and Digital communications... Digi communications VjhVqCiCY8Y-00020-00039520-00040048 so we're downstairs from the room where there are supposed to be a number of shops VjhVqCiCY8Y-00021-00040048-00040599 and there are! so we're gonna see if anything here is interesting VjhVqCiCY8Y-00022-00042688-00043433 the mountain wind is very nice it is so great VjhVqCiCY8Y-00023-00044256-00044528 this is actually a really good location in terms of convenience VjhVqCiCY8Y-00024-00044608-00044984 lots of stuff here food, convenience stores... VjhVqCiCY8Y-00025-00047584-00048416 so we're here at a little garden it's called Tan's camellia garden and this is also the trailhead VjhVqCiCY8Y-00026-00048416-00048720 apparently for the hike that i'm planning to do tomorrow VjhVqCiCY8Y-00027-00048784-00049463 so there's a garden and presumably you can go further and get into a hiking trail VjhVqCiCY8Y-00028-00051248-00051496 it's already past six and we don't have too much light left VjhVqCiCY8Y-00029-00051560-00051984 so we're just gonna try and explore this small garden VjhVqCiCY8Y-00030-00053152-00053552 so i asked them about the trail tomorrow and apparently the trailhead VjhVqCiCY8Y-00031-00053552-00054024 that goes that used to go through here is now obscured by this wall structure VjhVqCiCY8Y-00032-00054128-00054552 so they advise me that i should try to go around the wall and apparently there's a way VjhVqCiCY8Y-00033-00054632-00055118 to get to the trailhead, so i guess that's what i'm going to be trying tomorrow VjhVqCiCY8Y-00034-00059504-00060344 so the owners of this place they live in this very eccentric interesting little cottage and VjhVqCiCY8Y-00035-00060344-00061264 what they do is they sell flowers potted plants tea botanic stuff and they kind of live here VjhVqCiCY8Y-00036-00061264-00061952 surrounded by their very dense garden of flowers and all kinds of things really kind of nice VjhVqCiCY8Y-00037-00062088-00062640 could use uh, could use less mosquitoes less mosquitoes but otherwise pretty nice VjhVqCiCY8Y-00038-00063000-00063853 the reviews say there's a friendly cat so i guess this is the friendly cat yo friendly cat VjhVqCiCY8Y-00039-00068464-00068968 so we're heading there now or hoping to looks like a steamboat place with a VjhVqCiCY8Y-00040-00069024-00069490 really nice balcony which is all which is what what it's all about VjhVqCiCY8Y-00041-00071048-00071600 so we're hoping to get a balcony seat but it's currently full so we're kind VjhVqCiCY8Y-00042-00071600-00072149 of sitting inside and waiting hoping that someone leaves and then we'll be able to move outside VjhVqCiCY8Y-00043-00077128-00077640 i would say that was so so hot pot.. we waited a really long time for the food VjhVqCiCY8Y-00044-00077640-00078088 the food was alright, Cameron Highlands is always a good place to have hot pot VjhVqCiCY8Y-00045-00078088-00078584 just because you know it's colder and so you feel nicer when you have hot soup VjhVqCiCY8Y-00046-00081816-00082248 so i'm actually kind of tired already right now but i couldn't resist just VjhVqCiCY8Y-00047-00082248-00082672 coming out for a quick walk just to enjoy the weather because it's so rare you know VjhVqCiCY8Y-00048-00082752-00083083 so just gonna walk around a little bit VjhVqCiCY8Y-00049-00086856-00087072 i really don't remember the last time i felt cold VjhVqCiCY8Y-00050-00087296-00087640 while being outside... i'm actually wearing a jacket VjhVqCiCY8Y-00051-00087696-00088384 which is also something i've not done in a very long time... feels good VjhVqCiCY8Y-00052-00091320-00091584 it's actually sort of remarkable how lively it is out here VjhVqCiCY8Y-00053-00091720-00092719 it's past 10 o'clock and so many things are still operating.. shops and eateries and... feels nice VjhVqCiCY8Y-00054-00096752-00097448 and we're back though honestly if i didn't have to wake up early tomorrow and prepare for it VjhVqCiCY8Y-00055-00097544-00098184 i kind of want to keep on walking this was fun.. okay whoops VjhVqCiCY8Y-00056-00098304-00098888 main door is closed now so i'm gonna have to go and find an alternative way back in VjhVqCiCY8Y-00057-00099856-00099906 whoa VjhVqCiCY8Y-00058-00100160-00100519 i didn't know there was such an area VjhVqCiCY8Y-00059-00102152-00103032 okay looks like despite what the lady at the garden said, according to all of the latest reviews VjhVqCiCY8Y-00060-00103032-00103616 on google and others it seems like the trailhead i was planning to hike from VjhVqCiCY8Y-00061-00103704-00104048 tomorrow morning is no longer accessible VjhVqCiCY8Y-00062-00104224-00104920 which throws a wrench into my plans so i spent some time come up with a plan b VjhVqCiCY8Y-00063-00105088-00105520 which will probably be a tougher hike and also a less rewarding hike VjhVqCiCY8Y-00064-00105664-00106416 but i guess that's the way it is so... a little bit nervous about that but we're gonna VjhVqCiCY8Y-00065-00106504-00107335 push on ahead and try to do this hike instead so see you tomorrow the hike will probably VjhVqCiCY8Y-00066-00107335-00108336 be in its own video as usual so the vlog will probably resume after that see you tomorrow WoXeVFit3GY-00000-00000000-00000429 what's going on everybody welcome to this one traitor channel ogi a marijuana stock that WoXeVFit3GY-00001-00000429-00000977 finally had a really good earnings and they're making money this is crazy finally so a GI just WoXeVFit3GY-00002-00000977-00001413 report their earnings and after hours and they did actually turn a profit which is something WoXeVFit3GY-00003-00001413-00001814 you don't normally see in these marijuana stocks so is this gonna be a trend going on into the WoXeVFit3GY-00004-00001814-00002259 future well I hope so I'm just happy cuz it's about time that one of these marijuana stocks WoXeVFit3GY-00005-00002259-00002649 is actually making some cheddar right now because that has been one of the biggest issues with these WoXeVFit3GY-00006-00002649-00003039 stocks is they don't make any profit so in this video we're gonna go ahead and take a look at a WoXeVFit3GY-00007-00003039-00003479 GI and see how they actually made money and turn a profit and we're gonna see if that's gonna leak WoXeVFit3GY-00008-00003479-00003954 over to any of these other stocks like a CB or cron or any of these other stocks that aren't WoXeVFit3GY-00009-00003954-00004269 doing very good so if you're new to my channel don't forget to hit that subscribe button down WoXeVFit3GY-00010-00004269-00005973 below and like this video and let's get right into oh gee boom boom bum bum bum bum bum bum WoXeVFit3GY-00011-00005973-00006495 bum we're here we're looking at a GI right now and after hours and it's doing pretty good right WoXeVFit3GY-00012-00006495-00006915 now as you can see it's coming down to support right now right about at 270 and it's looking WoXeVFit3GY-00013-00006915-00007293 like it might break it here but we got this V WAP that might hold it up the only reason that I know WoXeVFit3GY-00014-00007293-00007737 about this doc cuz I happened to go over to stock twits page I was like eh let me just look at the WoXeVFit3GY-00015-00007737-00008148 earnings and see what's going on and they saw that og I was a reporting after hours so they con I'm a WoXeVFit3GY-00016-00008148-00008502 go see how they did it because normally marijuana stocks don't do good on earnings at all they don't WoXeVFit3GY-00017-00008502-00009000 do horrible and I pull the stock up and I'm like woah what that but they have a good earnings it WoXeVFit3GY-00018-00009000-00009408 that's crazy let me look at this real quick and that was when I was actually pulling back right WoXeVFit3GY-00019-00009408-00009840 here and I almost had a knee-jerk reaction let me just get in let me get in but I was like form all WoXeVFit3GY-00020-00009840-00010221 FOMO so I dove in did a little research which we're gonna go over and a little bit here and WoXeVFit3GY-00021-00010221-00010527 sure enough they had a good earnings that's why the stock went up so I went ahead and set a limit WoXeVFit3GY-00022-00010527-00011064 buy in red around 255 we have support I'd probably say rare around like the 250 area somewhere around WoXeVFit3GY-00023-00011064-00011571 there I was looking for this pullback to come back down here and Nick it for me but I just missed it WoXeVFit3GY-00024-00011571-00011955 a stayed right here on the view up and just start ripping right from there so I'm not in this stock WoXeVFit3GY-00025-00011955-00012399 right now I would like to be in it but trading in a few hours is very difficult and right off WoXeVFit3GY-00026-00012399-00012723 the bat right when you get filled you're gonna be losing money because when you're trading in WoXeVFit3GY-00027-00012723-00013047 after-hours you just can't do a market buy because the markets not open so you have to WoXeVFit3GY-00028-00013047-00013434 do a limit by I'm gonna go ahead and leave it at this 255 hoping it's gonna pull back down WoXeVFit3GY-00029-00013434-00013875 to and we'll see what happens every time I see it going up thrown like a foam we'll fight it fight WoXeVFit3GY-00030-00013875-00014304 the foam all you have to you have to fight the freakin foam Oh cuz right now I'm not gonna get WoXeVFit3GY-00031-00014304-00014747 in it look it it's pretty much right at this high point right now is not smart but anyways let's go WoXeVFit3GY-00032-00014747-00015119 ahead and take a look at the earnings report and see what happened and why the stock is going up WoXeVFit3GY-00033-00015119-00015633 so the revenue for the quarter came in at twenty five point two million versus twelve point forty WoXeVFit3GY-00034-00015633-00016002 two million which was reported last year so we can go ahead and do the math that's pretty good WoXeVFit3GY-00035-00016002-00016461 their revenue more than double a little bit more about the company back in December they started WoXeVFit3GY-00036-00016461-00016977 shipping what they call a trailblazer torch bait cartridges and all these other kind of vape sigh WoXeVFit3GY-00037-00016977-00017562 at sn+ pack I don't I don't know much about that stuff but supposedly they're very convenient to WoXeVFit3GY-00038-00017562-00017940 use and if you keep on just going down which I'm gonna have to scrolling down here you'll see all WoXeVFit3GY-00039-00017940-00018249 these numbers and everything I'm not gonna go ahead and read all this stuff off to you but WoXeVFit3GY-00040-00018249-00018660 if you want to just go ahead and read that or pause it or do whatever you do I'm just hoping WoXeVFit3GY-00041-00018660-00019047 to your DeeDee on the stock or did you have a chance to read it all huh all right let's WoXeVFit3GY-00042-00019047-00019458 keep moving so if you don't already know a lot of these marijuana stocks their base in Canada WoXeVFit3GY-00043-00019458-00019968 this company believes that the Canadian market is poised to have growth with additional retail WoXeVFit3GY-00044-00019968-00020487 stores opening up and whatnot in Ontario and Quebec and blah-blah-blah-blah-blah Canada so WoXeVFit3GY-00045-00020487-00020874 we're looking at the flow here on finibus it's actually pretty high at a hundred and fifty five WoXeVFit3GY-00046-00020874-00021375 million so let's go ahead and take a look at a GIS website here or Gani Graham I think that's WoXeVFit3GY-00047-00021375-00021765 how you say that her name to me it just looks like every other cannabis company out there except they WoXeVFit3GY-00048-00021765-00022437 turned a profit let's go ahead and look at oh god FOMO for most op FOMO Singh just keeps going up oh WoXeVFit3GY-00049-00022437-00022941 so if you look at the bigger picture here on the 180-day four-hour chart you can see the high was WoXeVFit3GY-00050-00022941-00023373 at eight dollars and fifty five cents and this was pretty much rate when all of the marijuana WoXeVFit3GY-00051-00023373-00023838 stocks were just killing it now they all look the same like a downhill mountain zoom in right here WoXeVFit3GY-00052-00023838-00024405 it actually broke through the resistance I had here at two dollars and 71 cents it's looking WoXeVFit3GY-00053-00024405-00024849 like the next one that's gonna be running into is probably gonna be right around just broke through WoXeVFit3GY-00054-00024849-00025422 that one so the next one's gonna be looks like three dollars and 27 cents you see the RSI is WoXeVFit3GY-00055-00025422-00025920 very overextended I'm expecting a pullback from this so I'm not gonna catch any FOMO on this right WoXeVFit3GY-00056-00025920-00026408 now and if I'm wrong well you know what I have a plan and I'm sticking to it as the stock just WoXeVFit3GY-00057-00026408-00026868 keeps on going up but one thing you always want to remember is if you miss out on one stock don't WoXeVFit3GY-00058-00026868-00027306 worry there's always gonna be another one but I can definitely see the stock breaking the $3 but WoXeVFit3GY-00059-00027306-00027843 I would like to see it pull back so this happening with ogi you can see some sympathy place tomorrow WoXeVFit3GY-00060-00027843-00028293 where the other marijuana stocks so let's go ahead and take a look at some other ones and see if they WoXeVFit3GY-00061-00028293-00028802 are actually even doing anything right now so looking at ACB not really doing much let's try WoXeVFit3GY-00062-00028802-00029264 cron prime not really doing that much either here in after-hours even though it's not running up in WoXeVFit3GY-00063-00029264-00029676 after-hours they had a really good day it ran up just a little over 5% that's a really good day WoXeVFit3GY-00064-00029676-00030360 CGC CGC also had a good today a little over 3% so the big question is or the tides starting to turn WoXeVFit3GY-00065-00030360-00030870 with a marijuana sector and when we're looking at CGC here you can see that the reversal is starting WoXeVFit3GY-00066-00030870-00031314 to happen so it might be a good time to get in some of these stocks alright guys don't forget WoXeVFit3GY-00067-00031314-00031722 to fight that foam wall out there I'm gonna try to do it with ogi I don't want to get in right now at WoXeVFit3GY-00068-00031722-00032304 this price I'm looking for that pullback at 2:55 I got a really gut feeling that it's not gonna WoXeVFit3GY-00069-00032304-00032760 hit it but you know I mean we'll see what happens tomorrow too so if you guys are new to my channel WoXeVFit3GY-00070-00032760-00033243 don't forget to that subscribe button and like this video if you enjoyed it let's make some money W0AsiMhU9LM-00000-00000000-00001093 RPC-930 game over | object class: neutralized W0AsiMhU9LM-00001-00001130-00001434 Registered Phenomena Code: 930 W0AsiMhU9LM-00002-00001434-00001698 Object Class: Neutralized W0AsiMhU9LM-00003-00001698-00001826 Hazard Types: Sentient-Hazard None W0AsiMhU9LM-00004-00001826-00002839 Containment Protocols: Both RPC-930 and RPC-930-1 are to be kept in a standard containment locker W0AsiMhU9LM-00005-00002839-00003041 at Site-016's warehouse. W0AsiMhU9LM-00006-00003041-00003550 Containment Protocols changed after Neutralization. W0AsiMhU9LM-00007-00003550-00004289 Description: RPC-930 is a Nintendo Entertainment System manufactured in 1985. W0AsiMhU9LM-00008-00004289-00004857 RPC-930 is non-discernable from a non-anomalous Nintendo Entertainment System, and when being W0AsiMhU9LM-00009-00004857-00005373 used, shows no anomalous effects until RPC-930-1 is inserted. W0AsiMhU9LM-00010-00005373-00006764 RPC-930-1 is a cartridge of the game Super Mario Bros. RPC-930-1 only operates when inserted W0AsiMhU9LM-00011-00006764-00007298 into RPC-930, and does not operate if inserted into a non-anomalous Nintendo Entertainment W0AsiMhU9LM-00012-00007298-00007747 System, and will only display a "game-pak" error screen. W0AsiMhU9LM-00013-00007747-00008403 When RPC-930-1 is inserted into RPC-930 and turned on, it will display the normal title W0AsiMhU9LM-00014-00008403-00008874 screen of Super Mario Bros, and will proceed to operate as normal until the player reaches W0AsiMhU9LM-00015-00008874-00009324 the end of the second level of the first world, where they are faced by a green pipe in the W0AsiMhU9LM-00016-00009324-00009852 shape on an inverse "L," that once entered, leads to the exit of the level. W0AsiMhU9LM-00017-00009852-00010534 RPC-930 and RPC-930-1's anomalous effects manifest once the player performs the following W0AsiMhU9LM-00018-00010534-00010660 actions. W0AsiMhU9LM-00019-00010660-00010888 The player jumps on top of the pipe. W0AsiMhU9LM-00020-00010888-00011082 The player crouches. W0AsiMhU9LM-00021-00011082-00011500 The player jumps facing left toward the upward-facing section of the pipe. W0AsiMhU9LM-00022-00011500-00011854 The player phases through the wall to the Warp Zone. W0AsiMhU9LM-00023-00011854-00012196 The player enters the furthest pipe to the left. W0AsiMhU9LM-00024-00012196-00012579 After the completion of these actions, and instead of being transported to the common W0AsiMhU9LM-00025-00012579-00013067 World -1 glitch level, the player will be sent into infinitely generated glitched levels W0AsiMhU9LM-00026-00013067-00013182 within the game. W0AsiMhU9LM-00027-00013182-00013650 These levels are distorted in nature, featuring glitched tilesets, backgrounds, sprites, and W0AsiMhU9LM-00028-00013650-00013950 code. W0AsiMhU9LM-00029-00013950-00014451 RPC-930-1 has shown some forms of sentience in the form of using glitched graphics to W0AsiMhU9LM-00030-00014451-00014637 spell out words. W0AsiMhU9LM-00031-00014637-00015304 The most common phrases RPC-930-1 has spelled out are the following. W0AsiMhU9LM-00032-00015304-00015404 "HOW DID YOU DO THIS?" W0AsiMhU9LM-00033-00015404-00015544 "YOU ARE NOT A SUPER PLAYER." W0AsiMhU9LM-00034-00015544-00015702 "YOU SHOULDNT BE HERE." W0AsiMhU9LM-00035-00015702-00015983 "YOU ARE HURTING ME." W0AsiMhU9LM-00036-00015983-00016129 "NO." W0AsiMhU9LM-00037-00016129-00016787 RPC-930-1 has not been seeing spelling out any more phrases, other than the phrases above. W0AsiMhU9LM-00038-00016787-00017209 After each level the player completes, the levels slowly increase in distortion until W0AsiMhU9LM-00039-00017209-00017568 RPC-930-1 crashes. W0AsiMhU9LM-00040-00017568-00018361 Addendum 001: While attempting to activate RPC-930-1's anomalous effects, the game crashed, W0AsiMhU9LM-00041-00018361-00018568 with the message "NO" spelled out. W0AsiMhU9LM-00042-00018568-00019134 Attempting the activation events again was met with the same results. W0AsiMhU9LM-00043-00019134-00019676 RPC-930-1 reacted this way during testing for two weeks, until a new message appeared. W0AsiMhU9LM-00044-00019676-00019887 "WHY ARE YOU HURTING ME? W0AsiMhU9LM-00045-00019887-00020101 WHY CANT YOU JUST LEAVE ME ALONE?" W0AsiMhU9LM-00046-00020101-00020743 This message was on-screen for approximately five minutes before RPC-930-1 crashed. W0AsiMhU9LM-00047-00020743-00021506 After unplugging and re-plugging RPC-930, RPC-930-1 operated as it did previously. W0AsiMhU9LM-00048-00021506-00022260 Addendum 002: After a period of one month, no sightings of messages from RPC-930-1 were W0AsiMhU9LM-00049-00022260-00022709 seen until 11/21/20. W0AsiMhU9LM-00050-00022709-00023207 Upon starting the game, the death and "game over" animations would play, preventing anyone W0AsiMhU9LM-00051-00023207-00023387 from playing RPC-930-1. W0AsiMhU9LM-00052-00023387-00023923 Where the normal "Game Over' text would be, a new message was found. W0AsiMhU9LM-00053-00023923-00024233 "IVE BEEN PATIENT WITH YOU PEOPLE FOR LONG ENOUGH." W0AsiMhU9LM-00054-00024233-00024333 "GAME OVER. W0AsiMhU9LM-00055-00024333-00024473 FUCKERS." W0AsiMhU9LM-00056-00024473-00024990 After this message, RPC-930 crashed and is no longer able to turn back on. W0AsiMhU9LM-00057-00024990-00025560 Due to this, RPC-930 has been reclassified to Neutralized. W0AsiMhU9LM-00058-00025560-00026333 Addendum 003: Approximately two hours after the last message from RPC-930-1, a power outage W0AsiMhU9LM-00059-00026333-00026729 occurred in the entire site, causing multiple containment breaches. W0AsiMhU9LM-00060-00026729-00027338 A final message from RPC-930-1 was reported being seen on multiple computer screens on-site. W0AsiMhU9LM-00061-00027338-00027539 "YOU HURT ME. W0AsiMhU9LM-00062-00027539-00028074 I HURT YOU." W0AsiMhU9LM-00063-00028074-00029012 "GAME OVER." W0aMrbmYP-Y-00000-00000314-00000806 When I would see Navy commercials and I saw guys flipping rifles or folding a flag, I W0aMrbmYP-Y-00001-00000806-00001361 was like wow. I didn’t know what it was about specifically but just seeing that, it W0aMrbmYP-Y-00002-00001361-00001807 was so interesting. The focus that I saw in them, it really inspired me to look into it W0aMrbmYP-Y-00003-00001807-00002377 more and that’s what I saw the military as. Once I got here I didn’t know how I W0aMrbmYP-Y-00004-00002377-00002788 was going to feel about it but I learned to love it. I learned to have a passion for it. W0aMrbmYP-Y-00005-00002788-00003256 Even for some of the tougher ceremonies, even the tedious work that goes into prepping your W0aMrbmYP-Y-00006-00003256-00003886 uniform day in and day out. I really have learned to love it and it’s something that’s W0aMrbmYP-Y-00007-00003886-00004370 made me feel like I could stay in the Navy for a lot longer than I thought I could. I’m W0aMrbmYP-Y-00008-00004370-00004744 Seaman Roberto Mojica and I’m a full honors casket bearer with the United States Navy W0aMrbmYP-Y-00009-00004744-00005313 Ceremonial Guard. I do special ceremonies at Arlington National Cemetery; do special W0aMrbmYP-Y-00010-00005313-00005909 ceremonies for the president or joint service ceremonies at least three times a week I’m W0aMrbmYP-Y-00011-00005909-00006490 at Arlington National Cemetery doing funerals. If I’m not, I’m here at the building. W0aMrbmYP-Y-00012-00006490-00006986 We get together and practice carrying caskets with weight in it. We’ll practice folding W0aMrbmYP-Y-00013-00006986-00007686 the flag, just different sequences for different types of funerals we have at Arlington. One W0aMrbmYP-Y-00014-00007733-00008189 of the squad leaders that trained me, the way they talked about it, it was like a brotherhood, W0aMrbmYP-Y-00015-00008189-00008785 a real camaraderie we have between bearers that drew my attention. There’s a weight W0aMrbmYP-Y-00016-00008785-00009171 lifting requirement. One of the most important things to be able to be a casket bearer is W0aMrbmYP-Y-00017-00009171-00009517 to be able to pick up weight. A lot of times we’re going to be carrying caskets as a W0aMrbmYP-Y-00018-00009517-00010081 team and we need to make sure that you can hold your part. If you can’t meet it when W0aMrbmYP-Y-00019-00010081-00010627 you come into casket bearers, you’re usually not accepted. We’re all trying to be the W0aMrbmYP-Y-00020-00010627-00011027 best that we can be physically and that’s the kind of environment that we have here W0aMrbmYP-Y-00021-00011027-00011460 at bearers. I was drawn to that environment, to that brotherhood. I thought it would be W0aMrbmYP-Y-00022-00011460-00011883 such an honorable thing to do and that’s why I decided to go to the casket bearers. W0aMrbmYP-Y-00023-00011883-00012377 There are different uniforms for different ceremonies. I usually wash my uniform, make W0aMrbmYP-Y-00024-00012377-00012806 sure everything is squared away, and just make sure that everything is clean. We have W0aMrbmYP-Y-00025-00012806-00013187 brass that we wear on our belt and we have to make sure that that’s not tarnished. W0aMrbmYP-Y-00026-00013187-00013616 We don’t want to go to a formal ceremony and there’s discoloration in the metal. W0aMrbmYP-Y-00027-00013616-00014074 More or less just get everything prepped and ready to go so that in the morning, you’re W0aMrbmYP-Y-00028-00014074-00014540 just putting everything on right before the ceremony. We’re performing sometimes in W0aMrbmYP-Y-00029-00014540-00015184 front of very large audiences, sometimes even nationwide. We an audience is looking at us, W0aMrbmYP-Y-00030-00015184-00015782 they need to see perfection in every movement. They need to see us in sync that we know what W0aMrbmYP-Y-00031-00015782-00016337 we’re doing. Attention to detail in your training will lead to success in whatever W0aMrbmYP-Y-00032-00016337-00016915 event you’re doing. Sometimes families are really hurting, you can’t avoid it. Sometimes W0aMrbmYP-Y-00033-00016915-00017521 you do feel it but since I’ve done so many, we’ve learned to control it. We’re concentrating W0aMrbmYP-Y-00034-00017521-00018012 on the task at hand so we’re focused because if we’re emotional then we’re not focusing W0aMrbmYP-Y-00035-00018012-00018568 on what we have to do, that can affect the quality of the flag fold or the performance. W0aMrbmYP-Y-00036-00018568-00019268 It’s something that I’ve become very passionate about. I love the guys that I work with. I W0aMrbmYP-Y-00037-00019446-00020004 love the command and I respect and love everything that they’ve taught me. I love what we do W0aMrbmYP-Y-00038-00020004-00020634 and I love what we represent. I feel very optimistic about my future and I feel like W0aMrbmYP-Y-00039-00020634-00021334 coming here has helped me improve as a person, as an individual and very importantly as a W0aMrbmYP-Y-00040-00021552-00021577 Sailor. W15CsAEWWgU-00000-00001692-00001932 Safe in isolation, you have everything you need W15CsAEWWgU-00001-00001932-00002228 Gettin' blazed for a session on the PS3 - but wait! W15CsAEWWgU-00002-00002228-00002466 If you had the chance, would you help your fellows out? W15CsAEWWgU-00003-00002466-00002768 Well, you have that chance right now...help your fellows! W15CsAEWWgU-00004-00002768-00003002 We're all creative, we're a race of engineers W15CsAEWWgU-00005-00003002-00003278 So what's your solution? Yeah, I really wanna hear W15CsAEWWgU-00006-00003279-00003543 Do what you love and give back the wealth W15CsAEWWgU-00007-00003543-00003864 Take care of others, but think for yourself! W15CsAEWWgU-00008-00004868-00005148 Can you accept the fact that we are all on one team? W15CsAEWWgU-00009-00005148-00005408 Even those who you think of as your enemy W15CsAEWWgU-00010-00005408-00005682 Even those with more or less privilege than you W15CsAEWWgU-00011-00005682-00005940 Even those who don't have the same opinions as you W15CsAEWWgU-00012-00005940-00006210 When you get where you want, are you just gonna stop? W15CsAEWWgU-00013-00006210-00006458 Or keep climbing even when you think you hit the top? W15CsAEWWgU-00014-00006458-00006736 Reach out a hand behind you for the ones who feelin' stuck W15CsAEWWgU-00015-00006736-00007122 'Cause when we grow together, it goes up and up and up W1CIchhEWzQ-00000-00000181-00000504 My family loved watching, well, my dad loved watching war movies. W1CIchhEWzQ-00001-00000504-00000867 Him and I would always sit on the couch watching 'Saving Private Ryan', 'Band of Brothers' W1CIchhEWzQ-00002-00000867-00001138 the whole way through and just obsessing over like "oh wow!" W1CIchhEWzQ-00003-00001138-00001503 And I was a young kid, i was a young kid I was getting so excited about World War Two W1CIchhEWzQ-00004-00001503-00001816 and the whole allure of being a paratrooper. W1CIchhEWzQ-00005-00001816-00002254 The day came when I actually did join the Army and I set a set of goals for myself. W1CIchhEWzQ-00006-00002255-00002658 I wanted to become a paratrooper, and I wanted to go to the 101st. W1CIchhEWzQ-00007-00002658-00003233 I went to airborne school right after basic, got sent to Italy, and in Italy I was exposed W1CIchhEWzQ-00008-00003233-00003675 to the culture of the old world and World War One. W1CIchhEWzQ-00009-00003675-00004176 So that further heightened my interest in WWI, putting World War Two aside. W1CIchhEWzQ-00010-00004176-00004738 started with a helmet, then a set of web gear and a uniform just so I could piece it all W1CIchhEWzQ-00011-00004738-00005582 together and kind of get an idea of what it would have been like to be in WWI as an American, Doughboy. W1CIchhEWzQ-00013-00005942-00006531 Italy came to an end so I got sent back to the states and I landed myself in Fort Campbell, W1CIchhEWzQ-00014-00006531-00007243 Kentucky, so I am now a paratrooper in the 101st, which is I think pretty awesome. W1CIchhEWzQ-00015-00007243-00007745 Then while exploring the Tennessee area, I discovered SGT Alvin C York State Historic W1CIchhEWzQ-00016-00007745-00008175 Park and I had seen videos of reenacting, but I had never done it before. W1CIchhEWzQ-00017-00008175-00008472 So I was like "yeah that sounds like fun, I'll just put my kit together and I'll come W1CIchhEWzQ-00018-00008472-00008572 out and join." W1CIchhEWzQ-00019-00008572-00009074 So I came out, met a bunch of great people, and they were all wearing their Doughboy kit, W1CIchhEWzQ-00020-00009074-00009453 so was I, and I thought that was just the coolest thing ever. W1CIchhEWzQ-00021-00009453-00009996 So I started coming to a bunch of the events, and just living life as a Doughboy in 1918 W1CIchhEWzQ-00022-00010008-00010112 France. W1CIchhEWzQ-00023-00010174-00010650 It definitely showed me that I take a lot of the modern stuff for granted, like transportation, W1CIchhEWzQ-00024-00010650-00010886 logistics, uniforms for that matter. W1CIchhEWzQ-00025-00010886-00011182 We're definitely not wearing and wool or hobnail boots anymore. W1CIchhEWzQ-00026-00011182-00011577 Seeing where the Army came from and what it is today makes you really grateful that we've W1CIchhEWzQ-00027-00011577-00011934 achieved so much. W1CIchhEWzQ-00028-00012256-00012588 Military discipline definitely plays a part in being a good reenactor. W1CIchhEWzQ-00029-00012589-00013358 You're not going to portray a Soldier in WWI with an unshaven face or, just no military W1CIchhEWzQ-00030-00013358-00013458 bearing at all. W1CIchhEWzQ-00031-00013458-00013951 So being an active duty Soldier definitely helps to achieve a proper WWI or just reenacting W1CIchhEWzQ-00032-00013951-00014219 general impression. W1CIchhEWzQ-00033-00014340-00014886 It also works both ways too because you do this, you look at the old school drill and W1CIchhEWzQ-00034-00014886-00015219 ceremony, then you see how it correlates and forms modern drill and ceremony. W1CIchhEWzQ-00035-00015219-00015575 Especially like aid station medical practices and stuff like that. W1CIchhEWzQ-00036-00015575-00016177 I think each of them play a part in making the other one better. W1CIchhEWzQ-00037-00016177-00016552 If you do this stuff, and you're around people that are dressed like it, and you know what W1CIchhEWzQ-00038-00016552-00017009 it's like to wear the uniform and then you look at a picture from WWI and he's wearing W1CIchhEWzQ-00039-00017009-00017405 the same thing, you automatically put it in your mind how he must be feeling, if it's W1CIchhEWzQ-00040-00017405-00017671 a hot day he's obviously going to be sweating because it's wool. W1CIchhEWzQ-00041-00017671-00017815 You can almost kind of connect. W1CIchhEWzQ-00042-00017815-00018340 When I was a little kid, seeing little images of Doughboys I would just think Oh look at W1CIchhEWzQ-00043-00018340-00018898 that, this is WWII, no its WWI, so I just became obsessed with is because everyone talks W1CIchhEWzQ-00044-00018898-00019232 about WWII and it overshadows greatly WWI. W1CIchhEWzQ-00045-00019232-00019788 It's just a little niche in the history books that people nowadays seem to forget about. W1CIchhEWzQ-00046-00019788-00020281 It's important to me because every Soldier needs to remember where the Army came from. W1CIchhEWzQ-00047-00020281-00020902 It's not just the modern Army, it's the foundation that the Army was built on through world wars W1CIchhEWzQ-00048-00020902-00021259 and different conflicts that formed the modern Army for what it is today. W28eUEB2-DQ-00000-00000020-00000640 Let’s have a look at Finite State Automata or FSA for short. W28eUEB2-DQ-00001-00000640-00001120 In this series of videos we’re going to look at how FSA are useful, W28eUEB2-DQ-00002-00001120-00001500 use them in an example to test for valid sentences, W28eUEB2-DQ-00003-00001500-00002039 and then build our own automata to explore other uses. W28eUEB2-DQ-00004-00002039-00002580 So, what do these words mean? Finite State Automata W28eUEB2-DQ-00005-00002580-00002860 Finite means that there are a limited number, W28eUEB2-DQ-00006-00002860-00003340 as opposed to infinite, which means the number is unlimited. W28eUEB2-DQ-00007-00003340-00004140 A State is a condition at a particular time. And Automata is the plural for Automaton; W28eUEB2-DQ-00008-00004140-00004760 a machine that functions on its own, following some simple instructions and rules. W28eUEB2-DQ-00009-00004760-00005460 Therefore, a Finite State Automaton is a simple machine with a finite number of states. W2r_jA2W5w8-00000-00000032-00000567 Here's the thing these are perfect words that you're offering a strong desire that hasn't manifested W2r_jA2W5w8-00001-00000712-00001375 Means that your usual conversation about it is going to be detailed and negative W2r_jA2W5w8-00002-00001559-00001711 Isn't that true W2r_jA2W5w8-00003-00001711-00002167 Because if you've got a strong desire and it hasn't manifested then it backfires on you W2r_jA2W5w8-00004-00002224-00002601 So so what is the logical thing if you've got a strong desire? W2r_jA2W5w8-00005-00002664-00002984 That isn't manifesting, which means you've got some detailed stuff going on W2r_jA2W5w8-00006-00003040-00003215 That's holding it from manifesting W2r_jA2W5w8-00007-00003215-00003543 That's that's causing the resistance that's keeping you from W2r_jA2W5w8-00008-00003584-00004111 Keeping it from revealing itself to you because you're not ready for it to reveal itself to you because you're vibrationally out of whack W2r_jA2W5w8-00009-00004160-00004384 What's the logical thing to do? W2r_jA2W5w8-00010-00004455-00005095 Go general general less specific. So so when you said I have these really strong desires. We want to say W2r_jA2W5w8-00011-00005160-00005360 Well soften them W2r_jA2W5w8-00012-00005384-00005968 Or distract yourself from them or stop making them the big hairy deal that you're making them out to be and go general W2r_jA2W5w8-00013-00005968-00006463 So what is the really strong desire that you have just speak one part of it, uh self-confidence W2r_jA2W5w8-00014-00006559-00006688 so W2r_jA2W5w8-00015-00006688-00006879 so W2r_jA2W5w8-00016-00006879-00007615 So go general about that self-confidence be specific be specific as you can be in a negative way just for a moment W2r_jA2W5w8-00017-00007752-00007936 um W2r_jA2W5w8-00018-00007936-00008136 I have self-doubt sometimes W2r_jA2W5w8-00019-00008288-00008488 And it holds me back W2r_jA2W5w8-00020-00008488-00008840 I criticize I don't I don't accept myself the way I am. I'm always W2r_jA2W5w8-00021-00008920-00009311 Striving towards that you see how he started out and then and now he's used the word always W2r_jA2W5w8-00022-00009343-00009591 So it's gotten more specific. I always do what? W2r_jA2W5w8-00023-00009656-00010119 Um, I have such high standards and I I I so want to be this W2r_jA2W5w8-00024-00010456-00011007 Specific this specific being and I don't allow myself to where I am. Say I always I always W2r_jA2W5w8-00025-00011192-00011968 Um, i'm not sure I always sabotage myself or I always have self-doubt or I always so really specific and really uncomfortable W2r_jA2W5w8-00026-00012000-00012200 So go general go general W2r_jA2W5w8-00027-00012271-00012471 Go general right now in in that subject W2r_jA2W5w8-00028-00012504-00012887 i'm, not as confident as i'd like to be but I guess a lot of people aren't and W2r_jA2W5w8-00029-00012991-00013280 I don't have to figure it out. All right now and things are getting W2r_jA2W5w8-00030-00013344-00013519 Sort of kind of better for me W2r_jA2W5w8-00031-00013519-00013775 taking a whole lot longer than I want it to but W2r_jA2W5w8-00032-00013872-00014183 I guess i'll probably make my way along in time W2r_jA2W5w8-00033-00014240-00014591 Just more general and things are not really going so bad W2r_jA2W5w8-00034-00014608-00015047 There are a lot of things that are pretty good and there have been a lot of things that i've wanted W2r_jA2W5w8-00035-00015080-00015583 to accomplish that I have accomplished and this is sort of the last holdout that i'm really looking forward to W2r_jA2W5w8-00036-00015662-00015959 Releasing and I can feel that it's sort of a big key for me W2r_jA2W5w8-00037-00015968-00016440 so it's going to be really a satisfying sense of relief when I finally let go of it and W2r_jA2W5w8-00038-00016480-00016871 and I have the sense i'd have to let go of it all at once that it would be a sort of gradual thing and W2r_jA2W5w8-00039-00016920-00017280 and so I think it's time for me to stop torturing myself about W2r_jA2W5w8-00040-00017336-00017753 About things that that aren't happening this red hot minute and just start appreciating W2r_jA2W5w8-00041-00017808-00017912 the W2r_jA2W5w8-00042-00017912-00018231 Great life that I do have and the wonderful things that I am W2r_jA2W5w8-00043-00018287-00018903 Uncovering and discovering about myself and I really like being alive at this time. This is a fun time to be alive W2r_jA2W5w8-00044-00018912-00019544 It's fun to know the concept of law of attraction. It's fun to know about my emotional relationship to it W2r_jA2W5w8-00045-00019559-00019761 I like knowing that my W2r_jA2W5w8-00046-00019815-00020055 the true presence of who I am is W2r_jA2W5w8-00047-00020104-00020631 Is a is a really good feeling being and and it also is satisfying to me to realize that W2r_jA2W5w8-00048-00020656-00021319 Anytime I don't feel confidence that i'm feeling doubt in myself that what that means for sure for sure for sure. Is that W2r_jA2W5w8-00049-00021359-00021408 i'm W2r_jA2W5w8-00050-00021408-00021759 thinking a thought that my inner being doesn't think so when i'm thinking W2r_jA2W5w8-00051-00021808-00022455 I don't have confidence my inner being's not going there with me which must mean I have confidence. I'm just not letting in W2r_jA2W5w8-00052-00022536-00022808 I love it that my inner being hangs in there tough W2r_jA2W5w8-00053-00022815-00023303 And sure and true to who I am and I love the idea of me W2r_jA2W5w8-00054-00023351-00023919 Working my way little by little into more presence of how my inner being feels and that's what confidence is W2r_jA2W5w8-00055-00023928-00024223 That's what the feeling of confidence is. Is that all? W2r_jA2W5w8-00056-00024293-00024711 Knowingness, not necessarily that I have all the answers right now this red hot minute W2r_jA2W5w8-00057-00024712-00025223 That's the discussion we had earlier because you don't want all the answers this red hot minute. It would be a a W2r_jA2W5w8-00058-00025343-00026031 a minefield to to try to explore I don't have to have all the answers this red hot minute just the one that applies to W2r_jA2W5w8-00059-00026032-00026224 what i'm doing right now and W2r_jA2W5w8-00060-00026224-00026663 And I know that my inner being will feed it to me. I know that i'll just rendezvous with it W2r_jA2W5w8-00061-00026663-00027055 So next logical step next logical step. I'm so proud of how i'm doing W2r_jA2W5w8-00062-00027056-00027479 I'm, so pleased i'm so full of zest for life W2r_jA2W5w8-00063-00027480-00027495 i'm W2r_jA2W5w8-00064-00027495-00028104 So eager about moving on I love knowing who I really am and what my inner being really feels W2r_jA2W5w8-00065-00028136-00028727 And some and I don't think it's such a bad thing to know what my inner being feels by me knowing it's opposite W2r_jA2W5w8-00066-00028783-00028936 That's not a bad thing W2r_jA2W5w8-00067-00028936-00029545 That's a good thing when I feel rotten. That means my inner being feels great. That's worth something. Don't you think? W2r_jA2W5w8-00068-00029624-00029824 in fact the rotten or I feel W2r_jA2W5w8-00069-00029880-00030272 Is a greater indication of how good my inner being feels, isn't that good to know? W2r_jA2W5w8-00070-00030352-00030495 intervene W2r_jA2W5w8-00071-00030495-00030703 It's disgusting that you feel that good W2r_jA2W5w8-00072-00030919-00031183 Because if you didn't feel that good I couldn't feel this bad W2r_jA2W5w8-00073-00031272-00031472 You need to adjust something W2r_jA2W5w8-00074-00031488-00032065 And they're being just stands and smiles waiting for you to join the confidence and the knowledge W2r_jA2W5w8-00075-00032118-00032656 Confidence comes with knowledge knowledge comes with presence of source within you. Yes W2r_jA2W5w8-00076-00032712-00033200 And and the confidence I think I might have chosen the wrong word. But but but that's all accurate and very good W2r_jA2W5w8-00077-00033303-00033391 Perfect W2r_jA2W5w8-00078-00033391-00033575 For me, it's also it's self-criticism W2r_jA2W5w8-00079-00033575-00034103 it's like they're they're not allowing where I am now like it feels like my desire is so strong that the W2r_jA2W5w8-00080-00034128-00034575 Where I am now compared to where I want to be feels that my desire is too strong. Let's go back there W2r_jA2W5w8-00081-00034647-00034879 I've got such a strongly focused W2r_jA2W5w8-00082-00034912-00035535 I have a strong desire that i'm on the flip side of and I can't get there from there in other words W2r_jA2W5w8-00083-00035552-00035752 My desire is so strong W2r_jA2W5w8-00084-00035919-00036167 But not but i'm not practiced in the other end of it W2r_jA2W5w8-00085-00036175-00036431 So every time you say that you've been saying that a lot W2r_jA2W5w8-00086-00036463-00036767 I have a really really really strong desire. I have big goals W2r_jA2W5w8-00087-00036775-00037439 I have big expectations of myself and of life and and of the government and of the econo economist, I have I have big W2r_jA2W5w8-00088-00037469-00038095 Expectations and they and myself are letting us all down. In other words I have and we say go general W2r_jA2W5w8-00089-00038168-00038368 Go general W2r_jA2W5w8-00090-00038512-00039231 It keeps working out the earth keeps spinning the sun comes up every morning the plants keep growing the water keeps flowing W2r_jA2W5w8-00091-00039312-00039703 My heart pumps all through the night without my attention to it W2r_jA2W5w8-00092-00039784-00039928 Things things are working W2r_jA2W5w8-00093-00039928-00040600 Well, I I have big desires but I have in time the ability to achieve all of them W2r_jA2W5w8-00094-00040600-00040967 It's just one step at a time. I don't have to go faster than I can go W2r_jA2W5w8-00095-00041024-00041288 when esther was growing up she lived in a very small town there were W2r_jA2W5w8-00096-00041350-00041559 721 people until she left W2r_jA2W5w8-00097-00042096-00042416 And she walked everywhere because W2r_jA2W5w8-00098-00042552-00042744 it was small and W2r_jA2W5w8-00099-00042744-00043191 the family car was not available to her and she remembers the feeling of W2r_jA2W5w8-00100-00043263-00043583 Needing to go faster and not being able to W2r_jA2W5w8-00101-00043672-00043935 In other words, you can only walk so fast in other words W2r_jA2W5w8-00102-00043959-00044159 She just wanted to teleport herself there W2r_jA2W5w8-00103-00044159-00044623 In other words that feeling of impatience of not being able to cover a distance any faster W2r_jA2W5w8-00104-00044647-00045023 and that a lot of you have those feelings that it it's just it's just a W2r_jA2W5w8-00105-00045080-00045600 In the airport the announcement says thank you for your patience and esther always says i'm not patient W2r_jA2W5w8-00106-00045719-00046361 Don't thank me for patience. In other words. We don't want you to acquiesce. We don't want you to give in to W2r_jA2W5w8-00107-00046440-00046695 that feeling of not enough momentum and so W2r_jA2W5w8-00108-00046775-00047025 So when you say I have big goals W2r_jA2W5w8-00109-00047103-00047729 Add to that I have big goals which like everybody's big goals are unachievable W2r_jA2W5w8-00110-00047831-00047975 all at once W2r_jA2W5w8-00111-00047975-00048279 It's not ever been my goal to live it all now W2r_jA2W5w8-00112-00048312-00048831 It's been my intention as I came forth to savor the unfolding of it in other words W2r_jA2W5w8-00113-00048896-00049096 When somebody hands you W2r_jA2W5w8-00114-00049103-00049895 An ice cream cone. That is the most delicious ice cream that you have ever tasted. You've tasted it all all W2r_jA2W5w8-00115-00049968-00050519 All of the flavors from all of the places and you've identified that this is the one that you like the best W2r_jA2W5w8-00116-00050568-00051128 and it's this wonderful day and it's piled high and it's in your hand and you don't say W2r_jA2W5w8-00117-00051215-00051503 I'm going to see how quickly I can eat this W2r_jA2W5w8-00118-00051624-00052015 I'm going to see how fast I can bring this ice cream experience to an end W2r_jA2W5w8-00119-00052183-00052903 How quickly can I get this over with instead you savor it don't you don't you savor it don't you lick it off your arm W2r_jA2W5w8-00120-00052967-00053144 Up your hands W2r_jA2W5w8-00121-00053144-00053727 Absolutely, and you don't even want any of it to drip on the sidewalk because you try to get it all in other words W2r_jA2W5w8-00122-00053808-00054271 And and and that comes back to where I started with that's the level of presence that I wish again W2r_jA2W5w8-00123-00054288-00054783 and I do have that experience which is speaking of the rushing and the and the fast pace and the trying to get to W2r_jA2W5w8-00124-00054824-00055303 All these things that I want and so i'm playing that game of balance but here's the game we want you to play W2r_jA2W5w8-00125-00055360-00055560 Because you've done the vortex work W2r_jA2W5w8-00126-00055600-00056264 Then there's not a void of good things that are happening. There's a constant unfolding of good things that are happening W2r_jA2W5w8-00127-00056333-00056729 Information being given to you being revealed to you the path unfolding W2r_jA2W5w8-00128-00056776-00057423 and and when you're when you are in the process of closing that gap, you don't feel impatience you feel W2r_jA2W5w8-00129-00057486-00057983 Gratified and worthy and satisfied and eager to watch the unfolding of it W2r_jA2W5w8-00130-00058016-00058448 It makes it makes the farther farther far the farness W2r_jA2W5w8-00131-00058527-00059223 From where you want to be even more delicious because the journey is satisfying every step of the way. It doesn't matter W2r_jA2W5w8-00132-00059232-00059777 How far you are from where you want to be as long as you're moving the direction of it, there's satisfaction W2r_jA2W5w8-00133-00059855-00060439 You see and most people keep thinking that the satisfaction only comes when you get there that's flawed it W2r_jA2W5w8-00134-00060520-00060720 that satisfaction lasts that long W2r_jA2W5w8-00135-00060744-00060944 And then you're off saying is that all there is? W2r_jA2W5w8-00136-00061024-00061167 Is that all there is? W2r_jA2W5w8-00137-00061167-00061544 And so and so the closing of the gap is such a delicious thing W2r_jA2W5w8-00138-00061576-00062023 As long as you're closing the gap so we don't want you to be critical of your negative emotion W2r_jA2W5w8-00139-00062048-00062495 We just want you to make it more general so that you can begin feeling the momentum of closing the gap W2r_jA2W5w8-00140-00062520-00062823 You don't even have to be positive before you start feeling good W2r_jA2W5w8-00141-00062936-00063664 in that weird because everything's relative when you were specifically negative being less specifically negative feels better and feeling W2r_jA2W5w8-00142-00063712-00064288 Being generally negative feels better still and then oh can't you feel it beginning to build and build and build and build and build W2r_jA2W5w8-00143-00064304-00064583 And do you really want to miss any of that? W2r_jA2W5w8-00144-00064591-00065024 Do you really want to miss any of that barbara and esther were so playful in the airport in atlanta? W2r_jA2W5w8-00145-00065104-00065751 That they began making friends with all kinds of people who followed them through it was like they were making a movie together W2r_jA2W5w8-00146-00065856-00066215 One family was on the plane where on the tarmac W2r_jA2W5w8-00147-00066264-00066759 On the plane when they couldn't operate the jetway on the plane when the jetway was this far? W2r_jA2W5w8-00148-00066807-00067071 From the ramp where the jetway was this far from the plane W2r_jA2W5w8-00149-00067095-00067383 And they all could have easily leaked across it and made their flights W2r_jA2W5w8-00150-00067383-00067775 but they wouldn't let them because there is a federal guideline that says W2r_jA2W5w8-00151-00067839-00068303 There cannot be a gap and esther said I can't even spit in that hole W2r_jA2W5w8-00152-00068472-00068688 It's so narrow in other words, really W2r_jA2W5w8-00153-00068751-00069399 no one could fall through that nothing could fall through that but there is there is a rule and so it's it's W2r_jA2W5w8-00154-00069520-00069871 As as it is unfolding and they are having fun with all of that W2r_jA2W5w8-00155-00069880-00070338 The flight attendant said to barbara and esther on about 10 occasions you're in timeout W2r_jA2W5w8-00156-00070544-00071023 Which was her way of saying i'm really enjoying how much fun you're having in this W2r_jA2W5w8-00157-00071086-00071192 situation W2r_jA2W5w8-00158-00071192-00071736 And then as they were leaving the area. Jerry wrote in his W2r_jA2W5w8-00159-00071800-00072232 Email that he sent to some an awareness that just came to him recently that W2r_jA2W5w8-00160-00072344-00072456 that W2r_jA2W5w8-00161-00072456-00072800 if you will allow it that all kinds of W2r_jA2W5w8-00162-00072877-00073103 Angelic people will rendezvous with you W2r_jA2W5w8-00163-00073192-00073392 when you're ready to let it be W2r_jA2W5w8-00164-00073392-00074127 That as you share this planet with so many others that if you will let yourself be in a place of receiving them W2r_jA2W5w8-00165-00074168-00074471 that every single one of them has the potential of W2r_jA2W5w8-00166-00074613-00075303 Exerting angelic influence into your experience of uplifting you every single one of them 100 of them W2r_jA2W5w8-00167-00075351-00075615 Has the ability if you're in the right place you see W2r_jA2W5w8-00168-00075672-00076288 And so barbara and esther were standing there having this playful thought and esther thought about that W2r_jA2W5w8-00169-00076368-00077095 and was speaking it to barbara and then this woman wearing the red coat who had been putting them on timeout because W2r_jA2W5w8-00170-00077160-00077463 She was making the gate announcements that there was a delay W2r_jA2W5w8-00171-00077472-00077960 But people were coming who hadn't heard it and so they would go up and then she would beat up on them W2r_jA2W5w8-00172-00078000-00078407 And so barbara and esther were trying to save people the trouble of being beat up on W2r_jA2W5w8-00173-00078448-00079007 So so they were trying to inform people as they arrived about what was happening and then they would laugh about it W2r_jA2W5w8-00174-00079016-00079295 And then the people usually would say well I need to go ask anyway W2r_jA2W5w8-00175-00079304-00079512 And nestor would say well then go let them beat up on you W2r_jA2W5w8-00176-00079512-00079712 But we're telling you what what's going on? W2r_jA2W5w8-00177-00079744-00080055 And then the woman would hear and she would say you were in timeout you were in timeout W2r_jA2W5w8-00178-00080104-00080671 And so as as the whole thing was ending and they were finally getting on the delayed flight W2r_jA2W5w8-00179-00080751-00080880 the W2r_jA2W5w8-00180-00080880-00081647 Woman in the red coat came to esther as she was thinking about jerry's quotation. She she and made an announcement. My name is angel W2r_jA2W5w8-00181-00081960-00082263 My name is angel and esther said of course your name is angel W2r_jA2W5w8-00182-00082360-00082671 Could it be anything other than angel? W2r_jA2W5w8-00183-00082727-00082943 With the ride we're taking here today W2r_jA2W5w8-00184-00082960-00083615 In other words isn't the universe just knocking itself out big time and then angel came and wrapped her wings W2r_jA2W5w8-00185-00083712-00084032 we're not kidding you around esther and barbara and said W2r_jA2W5w8-00186-00084104-00084304 Thanks for keeping it light ladies W2r_jA2W5w8-00187-00084639-00084847 Would you want to miss a manifestation like that W2r_jA2W5w8-00188-00084880-00085432 In other words seems like a delay things like seems like i'm going too slow seems like something's gone wrong W2r_jA2W5w8-00189-00085495-00085839 When really what's happened is the universe has orchestrated for you W2r_jA2W5w8-00190-00085904-00086424 An opportunity to savor life in detail because where are you going anyway? W2r_jA2W5w8-00191-00086504-00086672 Where are you going? W2r_jA2W5w8-00192-00086672-00086872 Where are you going? W2r_jA2W5w8-00193-00086880-00087215 Where are you going? You want to go stand in the line at disneyland? Where are you going? W2r_jA2W5w8-00194-00087295-00087743 Where where are you going aren't isn't this why you're here. Anyway, aren't you here for these? W2r_jA2W5w8-00195-00087838-00088288 Interactions aren't you here for this co-creation aren't you here for these goosebumps moments, aren't you here? W2r_jA2W5w8-00196-00088319-00088887 Aren't you here to savor life with other savers of life? Isn't that what it's all about? W2r_jA2W5w8-00197-00088960-00089274 Yes present in the moment. Yes. Thank you so much W2_qYOVYN4I-00001-00000524-00000947 hello my name is David Thorpe. I'm the communities manager of sustainable W2_qYOVYN4I-00002-00000947-00000997 cities W2_qYOVYN4I-00003-00000997-00001332 collective, the foremost web space for urban leaders everywhere. W2_qYOVYN4I-00004-00001332-00001773 The Bristol pound is unique in the world: an alternative currency that W2_qYOVYN4I-00005-00001773-00002191 is designed to keep money within the local economy. The Mayor of Bristol W2_qYOVYN4I-00006-00002191-00002258 is paid in it. W2_qYOVYN4I-00007-00002258-00002656 You can buy a house, travel on buses eat in cafes. In fact it is possible to W2_qYOVYN4I-00008-00002656-00002751 do just about W2_qYOVYN4I-00009-00002751-00003071 everything using the currency. Ciaron Mundy W2_qYOVYN4I-00010-00003071-00003377 is director of the scheme and is here to tell us W2_qYOVYN4I-00011-00003377-00003679 what it is that's made it so successful. Hi Ciaron W2_qYOVYN4I-00012-00003679-00004237 Can you tell us the advantages of the scheme to the users. W2_qYOVYN4I-00013-00004237-00004883 members made about it is a Radetzky both an opportunity to stand by that values W2_qYOVYN4I-00014-00004883-00005321 and support the local economy people concede as a in the high slot W2_qYOVYN4I-00015-00005321-00005391 Eric W2_qYOVYN4I-00016-00005391-00005873 improves their own community don't they get discounts in some cases and people W2_qYOVYN4I-00017-00005873-00006007 do all holes also W2_qYOVYN4I-00018-00006007-00006351 benefits for people who and join the skating W2_qYOVYN4I-00019-00006351-00006835 and has lots of different and incentives that and detritus can use its not W2_qYOVYN4I-00020-00006835-00007253 the spot residents have a scheme works should I see wages trade but I'm sorry W2_qYOVYN4I-00021-00007253-00007297 to the W2_qYOVYN4I-00022-00007297-00007703 to the business is so involved yeah the business is a W2_qYOVYN4I-00023-00007703-00008102 can build a very and strong and a very loyal W2_qYOVYN4I-00024-00008102-00008475 no connection with the local community I mean these businesses are often W2_qYOVYN4I-00025-00008475-00008788 a lot to them are the heart attack communities W2_qYOVYN4I-00026-00008788-00009109 and then i think is really helping them realize how important W2_qYOVYN4I-00027-00009109-00009656 and they are not way and it also builds very strong connections business to W2_qYOVYN4I-00028-00009656-00009740 business so W2_qYOVYN4I-00029-00009740-00010092 already seen allow businesses such a ship that supplies to W2_qYOVYN4I-00030-00010092-00010417 other independently owned businesses in the area W2_qYOVYN4I-00031-00010417-00010865 and as a consequence the joining the best idea exchange pistol pounds with W2_qYOVYN4I-00032-00010865-00010934 stunning W2_qYOVYN4I-00033-00010934-00011322 Bishop Lanza exchanged and W2_qYOVYN4I-00034-00011322-00011763 first day so people a few months take 10 senator Sarah W2_qYOVYN4I-00035-00011763-00012131 local now you might say love your salary in personal pounced W2_qYOVYN4I-00036-00012131-00012564 so and and in that way you'll be changing steady into personal pounced W2_qYOVYN4I-00037-00012564-00012947 am so I take about 30 my salary personal pounds W2_qYOVYN4I-00038-00012947-00013318 some people just walking off the streets and the various cash points that we have W2_qYOVYN4I-00039-00013318-00013409 now W2_qYOVYN4I-00040-00013409-00013791 business members it would change if you just take a paper W2_qYOVYN4I-00041-00013791-00014124 well almost announced on electronically so you can W2_qYOVYN4I-00042-00014124-00014544 you can't make it studied other interests account not magically turns W2_qYOVYN4I-00043-00014544-00014877 into the stands it's very easy to the idea of how many personal W2_qYOVYN4I-00044-00014877-00015478 pounds though are in circulation yet as a bat will you change about 310,000 so W2_qYOVYN4I-00045-00015478-00015869 well nobody more than that sunny out that this day from a couple months ago W2_qYOVYN4I-00046-00015869-00016340 and so well over 300 that has been changed in the vast majority of it W2_qYOVYN4I-00047-00016340-00016723 staging a missile arms you can change it is your business you can change it back W2_qYOVYN4I-00048-00016723-00016899 what he's going to stay in W2_qYOVYN4I-00049-00016899-00017398 no charge and but about but most a bit too 33 balls ovett W2_qYOVYN4I-00050-00017398-00017820 state has states so far personal pounds which is really good news W2_qYOVYN4I-00051-00017820-00018350 yes it is am I mean you can use a mobile phone to take on you W2_qYOVYN4I-00052-00018350-00018737 yet you can I think when we started we realize that W2_qYOVYN4I-00053-00018737-00019119 and looking at the other schemes that were around that W2_qYOVYN4I-00054-00019119-00019625 and that you we had that day come onto the scene a generation of the tracks in W2_qYOVYN4I-00055-00019625-00019837 the local economy just fantastic W2_qYOVYN4I-00056-00019837-00020280 and but they tend to you an peter out over time W2_qYOVYN4I-00057-00020280-00020780 so we knew we needed to build it up in a different way I and most money these W2_qYOVYN4I-00058-00020780-00020826 days W2_qYOVYN4I-00059-00020826-00021154 spent electronically sorry we're a dozen W2_qYOVYN4I-00060-00021154-00021458 very bored and electronic means payment and i also W2_qYOVYN4I-00061-00021458-00021879 allows you to build up the money supply locally that you keep printing money W2_qYOVYN4I-00062-00021879-00021944 which is Anna W2_qYOVYN4I-00063-00021944-00022377 and expensed paper and and pay params W2_qYOVYN4I-00064-00022377-00022815 and which is an expensive thing the schemes %ah constituted you can create W2_qYOVYN4I-00065-00022815-00022953 an electronically W2_qYOVYN4I-00066-00022953-00023265 than you can't you can expand the money supply rapidly W2_qYOVYN4I-00067-00023265-00023653 which is what we emerged today how many members do you have W2_qYOVYN4I-00068-00023653-00024056 is about and 13-14 100 members at the moment W2_qYOVYN4I-00069-00024056-00024396 may be sure didn't 30 loss but then all W2_qYOVYN4I-00070-00024396-00024861 try it was outrageous so maybe so traders or medium-sized businesses W2_qYOVYN4I-00071-00024861-00025211 a locally and and and is another W2_qYOVYN4I-00072-00025211-00025613 but there's another $300 or more businesses we estimate probably waiting W2_qYOVYN4I-00073-00025613-00025704 all night now W2_qYOVYN4I-00074-00025704-00026014 who use a personal pan but I just used I W2_qYOVYN4I-00075-00026014-00026410 used in the papal so there's around 300 also W2_qYOVYN4I-00076-00026410-00026716 3050 may be approaching their businesses that W2_qYOVYN4I-00077-00026716-00027213 can use the tax I online stuff but then as well over 600 W2_qYOVYN4I-00078-00027213-00027614 now you and use last fall the paper W2_qYOVYN4I-00079-00027614-00027957 as well and you don't need an account to use I with us Justin W2_qYOVYN4I-00080-00027957-00028466 free circulation now there's a relationship between Bristol pound on W2_qYOVYN4I-00081-00028466-00028647 the credit union's other people W2_qYOVYN4I-00082-00028647-00029045 around the world who don't know what a credit union is pretty first explain W2_qYOVYN4I-00083-00029045-00029508 what a credit union is and and then the relationship between a pistol pound W2_qYOVYN4I-00084-00029508-00029814 and the credit union please yet will W2_qYOVYN4I-00085-00029814-00030333 the personal credit union is then a an important partner for us is actually W2_qYOVYN4I-00086-00030333-00030641 and Faisal Poplawski night date on all the W2_qYOVYN4I-00087-00030641-00031124 all that funny camps as if they were six that regulated is it they were W2_qYOVYN4I-00088-00031124-00031439 as if they were settings benefits and W2_qYOVYN4I-00089-00031439-00031818 from a lock on all that protection and that security is offered by W2_qYOVYN4I-00090-00031818-00032141 recollected financial institution which is W2_qYOVYN4I-00091-00032141-00032502 am the personal credit union it's an W2_qYOVYN4I-00092-00032502-00033016 prude adversity is a runners aquatic some members Cooper 60 everybody has to W2_qYOVYN4I-00093-00033016-00033069 say W2_qYOVYN4I-00094-00033069-00033445 parents run its run like lot better prepare scheme is run as a W2_qYOVYN4I-00095-00033445-00033544 not-for-profit W2_qYOVYN4I-00096-00033544-00034141 day for me it's a crickets so models happy started financial institutions W2_qYOVYN4I-00097-00034141-00034472 as a counterbalance Ennis me their late 40 W2_qYOVYN4I-00098-00034472-00034863 and we run back in systems that should be not prop not-for-profit W2_qYOVYN4I-00099-00034863-00035290 it should be owned and run by and for its membership much more clearly anyway W2_qYOVYN4I-00100-00035290-00035329 it W2_qYOVYN4I-00101-00035329-00035635 credit unions are and for me it's W2_qYOVYN4I-00102-00035635-00035938 it's the way forward to create expired and W2_qYOVYN4I-00103-00035938-00036386 credit unions over the coming years since that gaping hole left by W2_qYOVYN4I-00104-00036386-00036821 any kind of other ethical and banking system W2_qYOVYN4I-00105-00036821-00037293 there that ordinary consumers can ordinary citizens rather can use W2_qYOVYN4I-00106-00037293-00037687 and then I'm you know i think thats a a rate of change in W2_qYOVYN4I-00107-00037687-00038075 that's one of the reasons we really want to work to personal body W2_qYOVYN4I-00108-00038075-00038428 now the fact that the meadow pushed himself is paid in W2_qYOVYN4I-00109-00038428-00038993 a entirely i thinkin in Bristol pounds must be very inspiring W2_qYOVYN4I-00110-00038993-00039350 yeah and I was on drugs at George Ferguson zone W2_qYOVYN4I-00111-00039350-00039802 really interesting character he's been a access to local businessman before he W2_qYOVYN4I-00112-00039802-00040027 was marion barry supportive the best W2_qYOVYN4I-00113-00040027-00040346 and before before then an W2_qYOVYN4I-00114-00040346-00040666 and then yet is a is a great day W2_qYOVYN4I-00115-00040666-00041084 and I say that and take but taking ordinance at a rehearsal W2_qYOVYN4I-00116-00041084-00041591 as a fantastic statement and had to make W2_qYOVYN4I-00117-00041591-00041979 and now from the point if you build businesses who wants to get W2_qYOVYN4I-00118-00041979-00042322 involved in something like this is there a lot of W2_qYOVYN4I-00119-00042322-00042644 extra that take for them for instance your accounting W2_qYOVYN4I-00120-00042644-00042951 or how do they deal with the taxman W2_qYOVYN4I-00121-00042951-00043275 and my list is fairly straightforward but there is a W2_qYOVYN4I-00122-00043275-00043594 action at me like you're running an extra bank account W2_qYOVYN4I-00123-00043594-00043919 if you gonna bank if there's a business you want to put the W2_qYOVYN4I-00124-00043919-00044222 you receive the paper and W2_qYOVYN4I-00125-00044222-00044558 then you have to have a bank and the bank case you don't have to if he is W2_qYOVYN4I-00126-00044558-00044737 going to use it again you don't need W2_qYOVYN4I-00127-00044737-00045178 any extra at me intent to the paper but also you can receive W2_qYOVYN4I-00128-00045178-00045637 and digital money so payments Park tax or online payments W2_qYOVYN4I-00129-00045637-00045952 and they have to have an extra back cancer means W2_qYOVYN4I-00130-00045952-00046491 having extra back those attacks and you just reports it as is no need to W2_qYOVYN4I-00131-00046491-00046835 report any differently then if it was stay W2_qYOVYN4I-00132-00046835-00047216 because the tax and treats the revenue past stating that means that makes no W2_qYOVYN4I-00133-00047216-00047333 difference really W2_qYOVYN4I-00134-00047333-00047806 why do you think then that is a more successful than other cities in how W2_qYOVYN4I-00135-00047806-00048153 do you think a city should go about it a setting one up W2_qYOVYN4I-00136-00048153-00048609 themselves I think one of the reasons it is been very successful in Bristol is W2_qYOVYN4I-00137-00048609-00048735 because we spend a lot of time W2_qYOVYN4I-00138-00048735-00049199 in consultation specialty businesses individuals and with other W2_qYOVYN4I-00139-00049199-00049660 and appliances including local authority and that was the key things than a year W2_qYOVYN4I-00140-00049660-00049983 consultation asking businesses if there was a scheme W2_qYOVYN4I-00141-00049983-00050406 how do you want to work and I think that's the key thing out to other people W2_qYOVYN4I-00142-00050406-00050737 is getting consultation with your local businesses to make sure that you get it W2_qYOVYN4I-00143-00050737-00050833 rocks W2_qYOVYN4I-00144-00050833-00051222 we looked around to different schemes based in the UK and in your W2_qYOVYN4I-00145-00051222-00051703 and then the one that for us those where we want to get to you W2_qYOVYN4I-00146-00051703-00052039 the closest with the Keene Carolyn Germany W2_qYOVYN4I-00147-00052039-00052420 and I said although they started in the papers came in Groupon well W2_qYOVYN4I-00148-00052420-00052795 very strong and sorta lifeblood NCO W2_qYOVYN4I-00149-00052795-00053101 we should products and services not of them W2_qYOVYN4I-00150-00053101-00053480 and that area and so they had a good stuff but W2_qYOVYN4I-00151-00053480-00053930 they went offer view as they enter going electronic as well W2_qYOVYN4I-00152-00053930-00054237 and you can see that that allows the system to grow W2_qYOVYN4I-00153-00054237-00054558 if traders can back them and build up the deposits W2_qYOVYN4I-00154-00054558-00054873 over time you build up that local money supply ash W2_qYOVYN4I-00155-00054873-00055207 and see how and electronic deposit system W2_qYOVYN4I-00156-00055207-00055507 you have to have a way for people to the bank than money so W2_qYOVYN4I-00157-00055507-00055862 back take a commander back guarantee recirculation again W2_qYOVYN4I-00158-00055862-00056398 comes to worse we to instruct run money you get back doors paper can W2_qYOVYN4I-00159-00056398-00056763 and now we will load south whose the boss and are here W2_qYOVYN4I-00160-00056763-00057235 respect pink paper now the majority either probably do this as reports of it W2_qYOVYN4I-00161-00057235-00057301 acted W2_qYOVYN4I-00162-00057301-00057814 running one about the management costs a of people paid to lunch in managing how W2_qYOVYN4I-00163-00057814-00057924 do you finance W2_qYOVYN4I-00164-00057924-00058295 the overheads well a lot of the W2_qYOVYN4I-00165-00058295-00058633 we had a lot about and work to do before we started having W2_qYOVYN4I-00166-00058633-00058960 and online banking system of she is is an takes W2_qYOVYN4I-00167-00058960-00059321 again another and security and W2_qYOVYN4I-00168-00059321-00059727 and a significant matters all Sunday after just fine Rossa W2_qYOVYN4I-00169-00059727-00060113 where test it and see if you is going to work for us each W2_qYOVYN4I-00170-00060113-00060516 there if we ended up with a sign bus system which was the exam W2_qYOVYN4I-00171-00060516-00060891 and child is really fucking ass but it does I countries in the mouth W2_qYOVYN4I-00172-00060891-00061333 Houston and you need to understand how search for figure at Sector W2_qYOVYN4I-00173-00061333-00061655 and so it we waited and then on W2_qYOVYN4I-00174-00061655-00062137 ground Monday stocks up we were supported by the economic foundation W2_qYOVYN4I-00175-00062137-00062547 and that you trust and I think we got about 20 W2_qYOVYN4I-00176-00062547-00063100 of Fast Pass help us launch buyer New Economics Foundation but we also raised W2_qYOVYN4I-00177-00063100-00063570 the site again probably from local businesses and other products that are W2_qYOVYN4I-00178-00063570-00063941 people who want to support us started the energy was sorta W2_qYOVYN4I-00179-00063941-00064341 and voluntary blood sweat and tears and people just gary is this something W2_qYOVYN4I-00180-00064341-00064763 caterpillar and place since then W2_qYOVYN4I-00181-00064763-00065162 we and taxi which really wanted to W2_qYOVYN4I-00182-00065162-00065588 dads at developing this them on wall and establish the W2_qYOVYN4I-00183-00065588-00065935 way so managed to raise more fun day W2_qYOVYN4I-00184-00065935-00066257 to keep us and running probably another for W2_qYOVYN4I-00185-00066257-00066624 another three years and I'll give something very upset or W2_qYOVYN4I-00186-00066624-00067064 we think it can be more stop sign we have about W2_qYOVYN4I-00187-00067064-00067620 stopping for next year 5k people including my southpaw starter see W2_qYOVYN4I-00188-00067620-00067935 a little better bernie is a salary and so W2_qYOVYN4I-00189-00067935-00068285 better 9:30 known beyond that we've got W2_qYOVYN4I-00190-00068285-00068687 and probably 20 and W2_qYOVYN4I-00191-00068687-00069136 took about 20 people happy is all insist I wondered if you take a a few W2_qYOVYN4I-00192-00069136-00069487 take a little amount of every transaction for instance W2_qYOVYN4I-00193-00069487-00069792 yeah we do so the idea is not to be W2_qYOVYN4I-00194-00069792-00070097 depending on side depended on W2_qYOVYN4I-00195-00070097-00070435 Round Pond 84 indefinitely and W2_qYOVYN4I-00196-00070435-00070845 so you take to settle the on I'll to disable the text W2_qYOVYN4I-00197-00070845-00071286 I transactions so he said you can pay by mobile phone W2_qYOVYN4I-00198-00071286-00071591 and you're under arrest on you pactel rest on W2_qYOVYN4I-00199-00071591-00072045 then fifty pounds for the the better than to not that you sent by W2_qYOVYN4I-00200-00072045-00072458 and we'll go to to us the system to take the whole thing to you than W2_qYOVYN4I-00201-00072458-00072843 thank you very much chillin and if you heard at length about Bristol pound W2_qYOVYN4I-00202-00072843-00073202 and go to Bristol pound total W2_qYOVYN4I-00203-00073202-00073643 are all oooo W2KA34zz76U-00000-00000002-00000458 The Threat Landscape is changing rapidly but at the same time the weaknesses W2KA34zz76U-00001-00000459-00000998 of an IT infrastructure that are exploited by hackers to get in, as well as the attack life cycles, W2KA34zz76U-00002-00000998-00001386 so kind of the methodology used by the hacker, are actually mostly the W2KA34zz76U-00003-00001386-00001794 same. So in this video we will have a quick look at these weaknesses and then W2KA34zz76U-00004-00001794-00002170 I will show you step by step a real-life case on how easy it is to infiltrate an W2KA34zz76U-00005-00002170-00002256 enterprise network. W2KA34zz76U-00006-00003200-00003669 If this is your first time here I'm Lars from Consigas, W2KA34zz76U-00007-00003669-00003980 we call ourselves the Palo Alto Networks experts because the next generation W2KA34zz76U-00008-00003980-00004425 firewall is our passion. It's what we do all day, every day, migrating firewalls, W2KA34zz76U-00009-00004425-00004818 providing managed services and most important implementing security best W2KA34zz76U-00010-00004818-00005253 practices. When I started to work with this box in 2010 nearly anyone knew W2KA34zz76U-00011-00005253-00005634 about Palo Alto Networks, but as an engineer I felt that this solution will W2KA34zz76U-00012-00005634-00006060 change the world of cyber security. And yes, today we know it did big time, W2KA34zz76U-00013-00006060-00006437 because it's one of the few security solutions that can truly secure your W2KA34zz76U-00014-00006437-00006911 network. However there's a caveat! You need to set it up the right way in W2KA34zz76U-00015-00006911-00007418 order to be effective, because while it's awesome it's not a magic box! So over the W2KA34zz76U-00016-00007418-00007754 years we became professional services partners for Palo Alto Networks as well W2KA34zz76U-00017-00007754-00008127 as one of the few Elite authorized training centers (eATC). After working in the W2KA34zz76U-00018-00008127-00008445 field for so many years, and being a trainer, I would like to share my W2KA34zz76U-00019-00008445-00008817 experience with you! Over the next couple of weeks and months we'll release W2KA34zz76U-00020-00008817-00009270 new videos and core concepts explaining the fundamental workings of the next W2KA34zz76U-00021-00009270-00009621 generation firewall, starting with the trade landscape and deployment methods, W2KA34zz76U-00022-00009621-00010338 NAT, App-ID, SSL decryption, VPNs and many more! Follow us on LinkedIn, YouTube or W2KA34zz76U-00023-00010338-00010739 Twitter to stay up to date! Now let's have a look how device gets compromised. W2KA34zz76U-00024-00010739-00011297 First of all the thing what we need to distinguish is servers and W2KA34zz76U-00025-00011297-00011820 end-user devices. If we look at our data center, it is W2KA34zz76U-00026-00011820-00012228 always special, because here we run a service like a web page for instance, W2KA34zz76U-00027-00012228-00012572 and now this means that the user, (well it doesn't really matter if the W2KA34zz76U-00028-00012572-00013088 users inside of network, or on the Internet) can send data to your W2KA34zz76U-00029-00013088-00013362 application which has to be processed by it. W2KA34zz76U-00030-00013362-00013826 This is important because it means that if a W2KA34zz76U-00031-00013826-00014162 hacker finds out about the bug in your software, he knows the W2KA34zz76U-00032-00014162-00014491 vulnerability which can be exploited, and he can send data to your application W2KA34zz76U-00033-00014491-00014997 (eg. the application processes) and now with processing the data there's W2KA34zz76U-00034-00014997-00015476 then a malfunction, the exploit and now the hacker effectively gets your W2KA34zz76U-00035-00015476-00015837 piece of software, in your data center, to do something which was not originally W2KA34zz76U-00036-00015837-00016308 intended or programmed to do. That's the exploit and W2KA34zz76U-00037-00016308-00016713 the risk for an exploit in the data center, we will always have, because as W2KA34zz76U-00038-00016713-00017037 long as you can have software we're gonna software bugs, and some of these W2KA34zz76U-00039-00017037-00017664 bugs are exploitable by hackers. That's the specific risk of a W2KA34zz76U-00040-00017664-00018141 data center hosting a service. The end user device, or a device operated by an W2KA34zz76U-00041-00018141-00018561 end user is different, because in most cases it doesn't really run a service, W2KA34zz76U-00042-00018561-00019053 so here what a hacker has to do, is actually trick the user to initiate the W2KA34zz76U-00043-00019053-00019494 communication to the hacker. Now this sounds complicated, but obviously we know with W2KA34zz76U-00044-00019494-00019956 social engineering this is always possible, and this is something where I W2KA34zz76U-00045-00019956-00020406 often see IT people making their life a little bit too easy by just blaming W2KA34zz76U-00046-00020406-00020756 the user. "Oh stupid user!" or "How could he have clicked on the link?", "Why did you W2KA34zz76U-00047-00020756-00021323 open this file?" It's obvious right now it's not that easy right because we have W2KA34zz76U-00048-00021323-00021897 to realize that social engineering attacks these days really use techniques W2KA34zz76U-00049-00021897-00022287 of psychology. Take this example for instance: So put yourself into W2KA34zz76U-00050-00022287-00022673 the shoes of an accountant, ok? As an accountant it's a day-by-day work W2KA34zz76U-00051-00022673-00023034 that you receive such a payment advice, so you kind of deal with this. And W2KA34zz76U-00052-00023034-00023325 now the hacker, what he does, first of all, he creates a situation of W2KA34zz76U-00053-00023325-00023804 uncertainty. You receive the email, use a bit of a strange invoice format that you're W2KA34zz76U-00054-00023804-00024335 not aware of, the company you don't know, but now you're an accountant and W2KA34zz76U-00055-00024335-00024663 you have financial responsibility to deal with this, you cannot just ignore it! W2KA34zz76U-00056-00024663-00025091 And now comes something into play from psychology that they call "the need W2KA34zz76U-00057-00025091-00025632 for closure". You're a busy accountant, you know you need to you know you cannot W2KA34zz76U-00058-00025632-00026091 just ignore you you want to close the matter what's what do you do well I can W2KA34zz76U-00059-00026091-00026564 call IT, but they're really slow right? And again, I'm busy, I want to just get W2KA34zz76U-00060-00026564-00027014 get it done so let's just open the file, what can happen? So, we open the file and W2KA34zz76U-00061-00027014-00027402 then there's a message: "Sensitive content hidden for security reasons, click to W2KA34zz76U-00062-00027402-00027944 enable" We click and boom obviously macro kicks and infects the PC with malware W2KA34zz76U-00063-00027944-00028469 If you take the example of RSA, you know who RSA is? W2KA34zz76U-00064-00028469-00028859 The big security company with these security dual-factor W2KA34zz76U-00065-00028859-00029258 authentication tokens. They are one of the biggest security company in the W2KA34zz76U-00066-00029258-00029699 world and their intellectual property got stolen because W2KA34zz76U-00067-00029699-00030150 one contractor opened up an email which was correctly put into the anti-spam folder. W2KA34zz76U-00068-00030150-00030837 Now it's very easy to blame this guy right? But if from a big company data W2KA34zz76U-00069-00030837-00031299 gets stolen because one guy opened up an email something else must be wrong. W2KA34zz76U-00070-00031299-00031820 This is what we have to realize right? An attack these days it's W2KA34zz76U-00071-00031820-00032280 not just one thing! It's a step-by-step process. The hacker has to go W2KA34zz76U-00072-00032280-00032946 through multiple steps successfully in order to kind of to put actions W2KA34zz76U-00073-00032946-00033350 on objectives at the end: to compromise or do whatever he wants to do. W2KA34zz76U-00074-00033350-00033875 Lockheed Martin coined the phrase "cyber kill chain", W2KA34zz76U-00075-00033875-00034259 we talked about "cyber attack-lifecycle" but the name doesn't W2KA34zz76U-00076-00034259-00034575 really matter. The important thing here is to realize it's a chain of W2KA34zz76U-00077-00034575-00035084 events: means the user is only one single element of it, and there W2KA34zz76U-00078-00035084-00035603 are loads of other opportunities which we have as IT security to basically W2KA34zz76U-00079-00035603-00036008 stop the attack. Now I'm gonna go through an W2KA34zz76U-00080-00036008-00036500 example and I use a specific symbol where actually the attack was W2KA34zz76U-00081-00036500-00036846 done through an end user device, simply because the end user device in most W2KA34zz76U-00082-00036846-00037319 cases is also the entrance actually then to your data center. In our specific W2KA34zz76U-00083-00037319-00037824 example, there was a user going to news web page. This was an actual W2KA34zz76U-00084-00037824-00038424 real example from from a customer that we had some time ago, and here we can say W2KA34zz76U-00085-00038424-00038741 this was legitimate traffic, because news is usually allowed by most W2KA34zz76U-00086-00038741-00039197 companies but now as part of the web page there was an advertisement, and as part W2KA34zz76U-00087-00039197-00039699 of this advertisement, the user downloaded a flash file. So, flash isn't something W2KA34zz76U-00088-00039699-00040118 unusual, but this was a malicious flash file which now exploited a vulnerability in the W2KA34zz76U-00089-00040118-00040710 PC, which then in the background, without users knowledge, instructed the PC to go W2KA34zz76U-00090-00040710-00041133 out to the internet, and download another executable, a malware's malicious executable W2KA34zz76U-00091-00041133-00041673 file. These two steps are really important. Let's go back and look at W2KA34zz76U-00092-00041673-00041985 them again. First of all, the hacker now W2KA34zz76U-00093-00041985-00042414 uses this flash file. The flash file, very important, is a data file, W2KA34zz76U-00094-00042414-00042951 like a PDF like a Word document, and it means that it was a data file, W2KA34zz76U-00095-00042951-00043320 it cannot run on its own. It always needs an existing piece of software on W2KA34zz76U-00096-00043320-00043818 the user's machine which can be opened. Hackers like to use data files, W2KA34zz76U-00097-00043818-00044247 because guess what? We can't really block them. You cannot block W2KA34zz76U-00098-00044247-00044610 PDF, flash, I mean, there are some security practitioners out there who W2KA34zz76U-00099-00044610-00044949 tell you: block flash, it's really insecure! These are the same people who W2KA34zz76U-00100-00044949-00045255 told you five years ago: you have to block Java. But guess what? W2KA34zz76U-00101-00045255-00045729 As long as we're gonna have software which has a lot of functionality, the software W2KA34zz76U-00102-00045729-00046209 as such has a high threat surface, and we'll always have bugs which are W2KA34zz76U-00103-00046209-00046482 exploitable. This is something which it's not gonna W2KA34zz76U-00104-00046482-00046899 go away.. and again for hackers these data files are very attractive, W2KA34zz76U-00105-00046899-00047382 because once they find a vulnerability in this in the software, W2KA34zz76U-00106-00047382-00047826 it's pretty easy for them to get files into the company, like this. W2KA34zz76U-00107-00047826-00048444 Now the PC gets exploited and you might ask: W2KA34zz76U-00108-00048444-00048789 Why does it now need to go out to the internet to download another executable? W2KA34zz76U-00109-00048789-00049236 It already was successfully exploiting some vulnerability. That's right! W2KA34zz76U-00110-00049236-00049893 But, an exploit always has limits! Remember it's called APT (advanced persistent W2KA34zz76U-00111-00049893-00050391 threat), and hackers always try to gain persistence on a PC. W2KA34zz76U-00112-00050391-00050787 The problem with an exploit is that in most cases, it's very noisy! W2KA34zz76U-00113-00050787-00051099 When you exploit a vulnerability of a piece of software, W2KA34zz76U-00114-00051099-00051585 usually the software goes crashing. So it creates a lot of noise and W2KA34zz76U-00115-00051585-00052329 logs and everything, not really good for persistence! At the same time you cannot do everything, W2KA34zz76U-00116-00052329-00052737 There are some exploits with which we can even get shell access to a device, W2KA34zz76U-00117-00052737-00053445 and that's pretty cool right? But it's still limited because you cannot do advanced stuff. like kill W2KA34zz76U-00118-00053445-00053874 Like, keylogging for instance. For the hacker to do everything he wants to do, W2KA34zz76U-00119-00053874-00054327 in most cases, the flash (the exploit) is only kind of a middle step W2KA34zz76U-00120-00054327-00054747 to then instruct the device to go out to the internet, download another W2KA34zz76U-00121-00054747-00055059 executable file, and this malicious executable this is now the W2KA34zz76U-00122-00055059-00055449 real malware taking full control of the PC. W2KA34zz76U-00123-00055449-00055833 This is now also the first step where in theory antivirus should block the attack. W2KA34zz76U-00124-00055833-00056235 But antivirus, these days, isn't really working anymore, W2KA34zz76U-00125-00056235-00056808 simply because antivirus only blocks known threats or known malware. W2KA34zz76U-00126-00056808-00057273 Known is defined based on a signature, and changing a W2KA34zz76U-00127-00057273-00057669 signature of a file is very simple. Hackers use crypto for instance to W2KA34zz76U-00128-00057669-00058067 re-encrypt files. Can even go to a stage where every time you download W2KA34zz76U-00129-00058067-00058416 a file it's getting re-encrypted and was this every time you download, W2KA34zz76U-00130-00058416-00058764 it has a new signature. So then this methodology of antivirus to W2KA34zz76U-00131-00058764-00059354 block what we already know is bad, simply does not work! W2KA34zz76U-00132-00059354-00059945 The malware now goes onto the PC so and now it is taking control. W2KA34zz76U-00133-00059945-00060324 First thing usually what malware has is something what we call a rootkit, W2KA34zz76U-00134-00060324-00060813 where the malware embeds itself very deeply into the operating system, and W2KA34zz76U-00135-00060813-00061182 with this, if you later look as an admin at the PC, you're not gonna W2KA34zz76U-00136-00061182-00061754 see any logs, no services, no nothing. So it's really completely stealthy. W2KA34zz76U-00137-00061754-00062214 With this also if your antivirus maybe gets updated, so let's W2KA34zz76U-00138-00062214-00062666 say you have a new attack, and then you antivirus company W2KA34zz76U-00139-00062666-00063174 tells you: Oh yeah, we blocked this attack! We blocked this malware! W2KA34zz76U-00140-00063174-00063666 But they did not block it when it came out, so let's say maybe they blocked it W2KA34zz76U-00141-00063666-00064173 a day after. But if you already got infected then the antivirus software W2KA34zz76U-00142-00064173-00064529 will still not find it because now the malware is already embedded into W2KA34zz76U-00143-00064529-00065007 the system. So it's kind of useless! That's why when we see W2KA34zz76U-00144-00065007-00065382 cases where PCs got infected with malware, we always tell customers to W2KA34zz76U-00145-00065382-00065910 re-image the PC, and even with re-imaging sometimes you have to be careful. W2KA34zz76U-00146-00065910-00066252 Anyway, so now we're at a stage where a device W2KA34zz76U-00147-00066252-00066756 is infected with malware, but that's not the end of the world, it's kind W2KA34zz76U-00148-00066756-00067156 of half way through the attack, because W2KA34zz76U-00149-00067156-00067525 you know this infection can happen in numerous other ways, maybe through email, W2KA34zz76U-00150-00067525-00068068 through USB sticks or whatever, but we have now a malware infected machine W2KA34zz76U-00151-00068068-00068472 inside of the net, which again, is not the end of the world. W2KA34zz76U-00152-00068472-00068860 Now what the malware tries to do is establish a command control channel to W2KA34zz76U-00153-00068860-00069283 the hackers C&C server, meaning that the hacker wants to W2KA34zz76U-00154-00069283-00069706 get communication channel to the malware infected PCto get control of it, W2KA34zz76U-00155-00069706-00070189 to instruct it to do whatever he wants it to do. The hacker has a couple W2KA34zz76U-00156-00070189-00070537 of challenges: first of all there are some security products in place like W2KA34zz76U-00157-00070537-00071128 maybe firewall, and the proxy, but then the malware infected PC W2KA34zz76U-00158-00071128-00071530 needs to know the IP address of its command and control server, W2KA34zz76U-00159-00071530-00071875 and obviously this IP address is changing all the time because servers are taken down W2KA34zz76U-00160-00071875-00072364 by law enforcement or for whatever reason, rand hackers are pretty clever here, W2KA34zz76U-00161-00072364-00072763 they build big peer-to-peer networks of W2KA34zz76U-00162-00072763-00073189 command and control infrastructure which is really difficult to take down. So even W2KA34zz76U-00163-00073189-00073567 law-enforcement has real challenges with this sometimes. W2KA34zz76U-00164-00073567-00074062 The challenges for hacker exist still that the malware infected PC needs to know W2KA34zz76U-00165-00074062-00074452 at least the first IP address of the first live command and control server. W2KA34zz76U-00166-00074452-00074974 For this hackers usually use DNS. With this you know they for instance W2KA34zz76U-00167-00074974-00075388 include an algorithm into the malware and based on this algorithm the W2KA34zz76U-00168-00075388-00075886 hacker knows that tomorrow the malware infected PC will try to resolve a DNS W2KA34zz76U-00169-00075886-00076542 entry like beefbread.com just as an example. So what happens? W2KA34zz76U-00170-00076542-00077020 The malware infected PC will send a DNS query to your DNS server, and your DNS server sends it W2KA34zz76U-00171-00077020-00077305 out to the internet. Guess what? DNS server doesn't have any security, W2KA34zz76U-00172-00077305-00077692 the firewall sees a DNS request and will let it go through, W2KA34zz76U-00173-00077692-00078136 and now the response is coming back with the very valuable detail W2KA34zz76U-00174-00078136-00078658 is on the malware infected PC, the IP address. Let's say this is a W2KA34zz76U-00175-00078658-00079210 secure Network, so all communication has to go to the company's proxy. W2KA34zz76U-00176-00079210-00079582 The request is now sent to the proxy server but instead of using the W2KA34zz76U-00177-00079582-00080045 domain, the malware now uses the IP address, kind of like an IP domain, W2KA34zz76U-00178-00080045-00080486 to send a request like this to the proxy so first of all it's HTTPS, W2KA34zz76U-00179-00080486-00081029 so it's encrypted and even if it's decrypted and the the proxy sees W2KA34zz76U-00180-00081029-00081575 the URL, the domain is an IP. A lot of legitimate applications W2KA34zz76U-00181-00081575-00081899 use IP domains so that's not something special. Maybe the proxy has W2KA34zz76U-00182-00081899-00082379 antivirus but that's not a virus. Even a very sophisticated IPS system would W2KA34zz76U-00183-00082379-00082772 have trouble identifying this because a query like this W2KA34zz76U-00184-00082772-00083195 "search question mark and a long hash behind it", a lot of legitimate W2KA34zz76U-00185-00083195-00083615 application use this as well. The message goes to W2KA34zz76U-00186-00083615-00084014 C&C server and now we have a perfectly nice communication channel W2KA34zz76U-00187-00084014-00084644 established through all your common security elements that W2KA34zz76U-00188-00084644-00085094 a company. So firewall, proxy, antivirus, all the stuff is there W2KA34zz76U-00189-00085094-00085484 but unfortunately pretty useless against this attack. By the way if you're W2KA34zz76U-00190-00085484-00085853 interested in security best practices for Palo Alto Networks, then check out W2KA34zz76U-00191-00085853-00086357 the blog on our webpage. Here is the best practice section and you can download this W2KA34zz76U-00192-00086357-00086842 worksheet with over 120 best practices for the next-generation firewall and W2KA34zz76U-00193-00086842-00087320 very soon we will also launch the security best practice training with a W2KA34zz76U-00194-00087320-00087713 lot of videos explaining all of these security best practices in detail. So if W2KA34zz76U-00195-00087713-00088121 you're interested then sign up to our mailing list and we will let you know as W2KA34zz76U-00196-00088121-00088495 soon as this free training is available. W2WeP54e_b4-00000-00000000-00000534 [ The following video is a fan made trailer for appropriate audiences therefore it is only made merely for fun ] W2WeP54e_b4-00001-00000934-00001501 all communications are down the government is silent we don't know who or what is causingthis W2WeP54e_b4-00002-00001695-00001937 nothing happened the way it was supposed to happen W2WeP54e_b4-00003-00002113-00002456 Seven billion people on earth when the infection hit W2WeP54e_b4-00004-00002509-00002584 [ No one can escape the outbreak ] W2WeP54e_b4-00005-00002625-00002835 there'sso much chaos after the outbreak W2WeP54e_b4-00006-00003164-00003395 nothing happen the way it was supposed to happen W2WeP54e_b4-00007-00003738-00003969 I'm a survivor living in New York City W2WeP54e_b4-00008-00005372-00005572 [ I was a survivor ] W2WeP54e_b4-00009-00005784-00005984 [ I was the last human ] W2WeP54e_b4-00010-00006167-00006367 [ I am immune ] W2WeP54e_b4-00011-00006543-00006743 [ I am the only hope ] W2WeP54e_b4-00012-00006979-00007189 I don't want to shoot you W2WeP54e_b4-00013-00008711-00008964 God didn't do this W2WeP54e_b4-00014-00008964-00009107 we did W6Znp1e6IDY-00000-00000510-00001041 Good morning, mr, master, master or simply W6Znp1e6IDY-00001-00001041-00001644 oooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooo W6Znp1e6IDY-00002-00001644-00002384 simply David, yes David, David, why not, David, David Lynch? W6Znp1e6IDY-00003-00002384-00002808 It's January 21st, 2023 and it's a Sunday. W6Znp1e6IDY-00004-00002808-00003901 Here in Naples a totally dark, grey-dark atmosphere with a slight rain in this moment, and W6Znp1e6IDY-00005-00003901-00005053 a soft wind even if a cold or Winter wind, 44.7 fahrenheit 7 celsius and this means that W6Znp1e6IDY-00006-00005053-00005153 for me W6Znp1e6IDY-00007-00005153-00006002 isn't that day really, really, really, really cold at all like in these days and in this W6Znp1e6IDY-00008-00006002-00006102 period, W6Znp1e6IDY-00009-00006102-00006581 because as you know for me I don't feel cold like "normal" people, thanks to a series of W6Znp1e6IDY-00010-00006581-00007300 practices through which I don't feel cold like "normal" people. W6Znp1e6IDY-00011-00007300-00008864 But in general today it's really a cold or Winter day and also we're far from that great W6Znp1e6IDY-00012-00008864-00008964 standard W6Znp1e6IDY-00013-00008964-00009517 that we had until 10 days ago, standard also of the last period of this Autumn for this W6Znp1e6IDY-00014-00009517-00009657 year here, W6Znp1e6IDY-00015-00009657-00009867 it was 16-17 celcius. W6Znp1e6IDY-00016-00009867-00010095 So very far, 10 days less. W6Znp1e6IDY-00017-00010095-00010839 10 degrees less today practically, 9 but we're closest. W6Znp1e6IDY-00018-00010839-00012138 Being already afternoon, yes in some minutes it will be 13:00, I think that the temperature W6Znp1e6IDY-00019-00012138-00012828 at this point is this, I repeat as I said just before 44.7 fahrenheit 7 celsius, W6Znp1e6IDY-00020-00012828-00013441 but the really important thing with this atmosphere is that, as I anticipated at the opening, W6Znp1e6IDY-00021-00013441-00013691 absolutely we don't have those beautiful blue skies and golden sunshine. W6Znp1e6IDY-00022-00013691-00013880 I don't know if you see: W6Znp1e6IDY-00023-00013880-00015180 yes, a totally grey-dark atmosphere and I think also that tomorrow will be the same W6Znp1e6IDY-00024-00015180-00015280 unfortunately. W6Znp1e6IDY-00025-00015280-00015661 We aren't magicians or wizards on this poin but I think of yes. W6Znp1e6IDY-00026-00015661-00015825 Bad, so said this: W6Znp1e6IDY-00027-00015825-00016356 so from the mythical window with the gray curtain, new as you know since November 1st W6Znp1e6IDY-00028-00016356-00016616 and also with those beautiful painted branches, W6Znp1e6IDY-00029-00016616-00017117 and as regards the window its green roller shooter, not visible in this period and in W6Znp1e6IDY-00030-00017117-00017217 fact here W6Znp1e6IDY-00031-00017217-00017647 in the shot W6Znp1e6IDY-00032-00017647-00018556 and finally from my mythical keyboard Yamaha DGX640 YPG-625 W6Znp1e6IDY-00033-00018956-00019270 Have a great day to him, all the people who follow the channel and the Reports, yes W6Znp1e6IDY-00034-00019270-00020358 really a greeting to everyone, also to my brother, and also to the last subscribers and finally I hope you all have a W6Znp1e6IDY-00035-00020358-00020458 great W6Znp1e6IDY-00036-00020458-00020558 breakfast. W6Znp1e6IDY-00037-00020558-00020970 I know it's late, but I woke up, so fortunately I'll do it as soon, I'm really hungry and W6Znp1e6IDY-00038-00020970-00021329 as we always say: W6Znp1e6IDY-00039-00021329-00022405 Breakfast is always one of the most beautiful things in life and in the world, absolutely. W6Znp1e6IDY-00040-00022405-00022790 I'll see you tomorrow. WrCKs-s7gMA-00000-00000102-00000333 Hi, I'm Jim Smirniotopoulos WrCKs-s7gMA-00001-00000333-00000662 and today's MedPix video is on imaging WrCKs-s7gMA-00002-00000662-00001274 brain hemorrhage. We have no significant financial disclosures WrCKs-s7gMA-00003-00001274-00001611 and the opinions expressed herein are those of the author and should not be WrCKs-s7gMA-00004-00001611-00001736 construed as being WrCKs-s7gMA-00005-00001736-00002436 official. Hemorrhage can have a very complex appearance on WrCKs-s7gMA-00006-00002633-00002938 MR and CT. The appearance on MR WrCKs-s7gMA-00007-00002938-00003281 is especially going to change based on the scan pulse sequence WrCKs-s7gMA-00008-00003281-00003731 and the time after the hemorrhage has occurred. We have MR scan here showing WrCKs-s7gMA-00009-00003731-00003983 micro hemorrhages from amyloid angiopathy ... WrCKs-s7gMA-00010-00003983-00004351 a blood fluid level from pituitary apoplexy ... WrCKs-s7gMA-00011-00004351-00004664 multiple hemorrhagic Mets on a CT scan ... WrCKs-s7gMA-00012-00004664-00004999 hemorrhagic transformation of a cerebral infarction ... WrCKs-s7gMA-00013-00004999-00005535 and two extra axial blood collections: an epidural hematoma; and, a sub-dural hematoma. WrCKs-s7gMA-00014-00005535-00005855 Let's think more closely about how blood should appear WrCKs-s7gMA-00015-00005855-00006382 on imaging. What is blood? Blood is a mixture of fluid (plasma) and cells - WrCKs-s7gMA-00016-00006382-00006712 approximately 35 to 45 percent red cells - WrCKs-s7gMA-00017-00006712-00007113 that is your hematocrit. If we think about flowing whole blood, the red cells WrCKs-s7gMA-00018-00007113-00007197 and the fluid are WrCKs-s7gMA-00019-00007197-00007677 intermixed. But, if we allow blood to clot or to settle out WrCKs-s7gMA-00020-00007677-00007820 by sedimentation WrCKs-s7gMA-00021-00007820-00008134 or by gravity, we can separate the serum (plasma) - WrCKs-s7gMA-00022-00008134-00008585 which has a very low attenuation like water, of 0 to 10 Hounsfield units - WrCKs-s7gMA-00023-00008585-00009086 from the red cell mass - which is going to have a high attenuation of 60 WrCKs-s7gMA-00024-00009086-00009411 to 90 Hounsfield units. Of course, WrCKs-s7gMA-00025-00009411-00009813 the low attenuation of the serum will be dark on the CT scan; WrCKs-s7gMA-00026-00009813-00010115 and, the high attenuation or the red cells will be white. WrCKs-s7gMA-00027-00010115-00010594 On a CT scan, if we think about the normal density of the brain, WrCKs-s7gMA-00028-00010594-00010952 it falls between about 20 and forty Hounsfield units. WrCKs-s7gMA-00029-00010952-00011498 An acute extra axial subdural hematoma is going to be hyper attenuating (white) WrCKs-s7gMA-00030-00011498-00011877 in a patient with a normal hematocrit - hyperdense WrCKs-s7gMA-00031-00011877-00012237 with a Hounsfield values 60 to 90 units WrCKs-s7gMA-00032-00012237-00012777 If the patient is untreated, after several weeks - in the chronic time frame - WrCKs-s7gMA-00033-00012777-00013218 the blood will be digested and break-down. It will become liquefied; WrCKs-s7gMA-00034-00013218-00013754 and, we will have a low attenuation or a hypoattenuating collection about 0 to 10 WrCKs-s7gMA-00035-00013754-00013870 Hounsfield units. WrCKs-s7gMA-00036-00013870-00014295 Of course if blood starts white (dense) ends up being black (lucent) WrCKs-s7gMA-00037-00014295-00014649 it must pass through a phase where it will have nearly the same WrCKs-s7gMA-00038-00014649-00014966 attenuation or density as the adjacent brain - the "isodense" or "iso-attenuating" phase. WrCKs-s7gMA-00039-00014966-00015363 This is the subacute appearance up a subdural hematoma WrCKs-s7gMA-00040-00015363-00015694 where it is nearly isodense to brain at about twenty WrCKs-s7gMA-00041-00015694-00016268 to 40 Hounsfield units. Now the appearance on MR is much more complex. Blood is WrCKs-s7gMA-00042-00016268-00016627 like a chemistry experiment; and, we have to think about the WrCKs-s7gMA-00043-00016627-00016940 oxidative state of the iron in the hemoglobin molecule WrCKs-s7gMA-00044-00016940-00017381 will change the signal intensity. We also talk about the susceptibility WrCKs-s7gMA-00045-00017381-00017727 and paramagnetic effects of the iron moiety in the various hemoglobin products. WrCKs-s7gMA-00046-00017727-00018356 At the RSNA 2011 there was a wonderful graphical WrCKs-s7gMA-00047-00018356-00018454 representation of how blood products WrCKs-s7gMA-00048-00018454-00019006 change the signal intensity on MR. The vertical axis is the signal intensity on T1 WrCKs-s7gMA-00049-00019006-00019462 the horizontal axis is T2 signal. A hyper acute hemorrhage will have WrCKs-s7gMA-00050-00019462-00019801 intracellular oxyhemoglobin - which may be bright WrCKs-s7gMA-00051-00019801-00020156 on the T2 weighted image, yet isointense to brain on T1. WrCKs-s7gMA-00052-00020156-00020660 After several hours, we will have the conversion oxyhemoglobin to WrCKs-s7gMA-00053-00020660-00021205 de-oxyhemoglobin - which is going to be quite dark on T2-weighted WrCKs-s7gMA-00054-00021205-00021270 images. WrCKs-s7gMA-00055-00021270-00021590 After several days the intracellular de-oxyhemoglobin WrCKs-s7gMA-00056-00021590-00022040 is converted to met-hemoglobin. Intracellular met-hemoglobin is going to be bright WrCKs-s7gMA-00057-00022040-00022479 on the T1-weighted image but remains dark on the T2 sequences. WrCKs-s7gMA-00058-00022479-00023001 Wait several days more, and we will see the breakdown of the red cell membrane WrCKs-s7gMA-00059-00023001-00023345 and the release of methemoglobin into the aqueous solution of the liquefied hematoma. WrCKs-s7gMA-00060-00023345-00023716 In solution, the now extra-cellular methemoglobin is bright on both the T1 WrCKs-s7gMA-00061-00023716-00024073 and the T2-weighted images. Wait days, to several weeks later WrCKs-s7gMA-00062-00024073-00024398 and macrophages - scavenger cells will come in WrCKs-s7gMA-00063-00024398-00024730 to clean up the blood products. Within macrophages (and also in astrocytes) methemoglobin is converted to ferritin and hemosiderin. WrCKs-s7gMA-00064-00024730-00025146 Now, in the late phase, we once again we have been intracellular blood WrCKs-s7gMA-00065-00025146-00025221 products - protein with iron. WrCKs-s7gMA-00066-00025221-00025534 The intracellular ferritin and/or hemosiderin WrCKs-s7gMA-00067-00025534-00025911 are both going to be dark on T2-weighted images. WrCKs-s7gMA-00068-00025911-00026283 In this phase, the old blood may be slightly hypointinse or isointense WrCKs-s7gMA-00069-00026283-00026722 on the T1-weighted image. Wo we have this very complex progression that we show on a WrCKs-s7gMA-00070-00026722-00027088 two column multiple three row chart showing the pattern of WrCKs-s7gMA-00071-00027088-00027560 changes of the signal intensity over time on T1 and T2 -weighted images. WrCKs-s7gMA-00072-00027560-00027888 Some people have summarized whether the blood product is WrCKs-s7gMA-00073-00027888-00028195 isointense, bright (hyperintense) WrCKs-s7gMA-00074-00028195-00028573 or dark (hypointense) by this mnemonic: I:B (iso on T1: bright on T2) WrCKs-s7gMA-00075-00028573-00028892 I:I iso on both T1&Tw I:D for T1-iso and T2-dark WrCKs-s7gMA-00076-00028892-00029311 BD for bright (T1) and dark (T2) BB for bright (T1) and bright (T2) WrCKs-s7gMA-00077-00029311-00029824 and, finally - DD for dark (T1) & dark (T2). Describing the transformation of blood products over time. WrCKs-s7gMA-00078-00029824-00030137 But, even this is hard to remember, so WrCKs-s7gMA-00079-00030137-00030439 a good mnemonic tool is to remember this: WrCKs-s7gMA-00080-00030439-00030831 I Be Iddy Biddy BaBy Do-Do or WrCKs-s7gMA-00081-00030831-00031204 Iso bright then Iso dark then bright dark WrCKs-s7gMA-00082-00031204-00031518 then bright bright and finally dark dark for chronic WrCKs-s7gMA-00083-00031518-00031930 hemorrhage (ferritin and hemosiderin). WrCKs-s7gMA-00084-00031930-00032254 This has been Jim Smirniotopoulos, and I approve this message. WrCKs-s7gMA-00085-00032254-00032413 Thank you very much for your kind attention. WusTRV7Wmic-00000-00000016-00000460 COWEN: If I could just interject on this, given this campaign season and also what you can, WusTRV7Wmic-00001-00000460-00001011 say, see on Twitter if you look for it, do you think public speech is now evolving to WusTRV7Wmic-00002-00001011-00001146 become less polite? WusTRV7Wmic-00003-00001146-00001316 In America? WusTRV7Wmic-00004-00001316-00001571 PINKER: It’s possible. WusTRV7Wmic-00005-00001571-00002355 I don’t think that the Trumpism shows that our attitudes have changed, that we’re becoming WusTRV7Wmic-00006-00002355-00003229 more misogynistic or racist. WusTRV7Wmic-00007-00003229-00003826 You can do some Google searches that are quicker than Gallup or Pew polls to track some of WusTRV7Wmic-00008-00003826-00003926 these changes. WusTRV7Wmic-00009-00003926-00004786 Seth Stephens-Davidowitz has shown that, for example, if you Google for various racist WusTRV7Wmic-00010-00004786-00005466 or sexist terms that are used in jokes, you get a pretty good barometer of racism that WusTRV7Wmic-00011-00005466-00005809 people may not be willing to admit to in public. WusTRV7Wmic-00012-00005809-00006406 If you do that, you don’t see a sudden U‑turn in the popularity of racist jokes in the last, WusTRV7Wmic-00013-00006406-00006558 say, six months. WusTRV7Wmic-00014-00006558-00007298 I think it is more a question of people who kept their attitudes to themselves now feeling WusTRV7Wmic-00015-00007298-00007634 that they’re allowed to get away with it, that some of the taboos have been broken. WusTRV7Wmic-00016-00007634-00008571 Whether they will reassert themselves with the decline of Trump, we don’t know. WusTRV7Wmic-00017-00008571-00008712 I kind of hope so. WusTRV7Wmic-00018-00008712-00009544 I think there is a benign taboo against overtly racist, misogynistic, and homophobic language. WusTRV7Wmic-00019-00009544-00010329 There are ugly attitudes, and there always will be: there is a benevolent hypocrisy and WusTRV7Wmic-00020-00010329-00010672 taboo where there are certain things that you just don’t say in public because that WusTRV7Wmic-00021-00010672-00010925 does legitimate them. WusTRV7Wmic-00022-00010925-00011050 They can be threatened. WusTRV7Wmic-00023-00011050-00011477 We saw that with taboo words for sexuality starting in the ’60s. WusTRV7Wmic-00024-00011477-00012217 Words that you could not say in print or on the airwaves are now common. WusTRV7Wmic-00025-00012217-00012514 That could happen with racist and homophobic terms. WusTRV7Wmic-00026-00012514-00012614 I hope not. WusTRV7Wmic-00027-00012614-00012744 Too early to tell. WvKliXohRV8-00000-00000000-00000134 What happened so far: WvKliXohRV8-00001-00000180-00000290 Where is Schattenspieler? WvKliXohRV8-00002-00000352-00000490 Then I'll find him myself. WvKliXohRV8-00003-00000526-00000756 They challenge us to a Tag Team duel. WvKliXohRV8-00004-00001048-00001268 From now on, I'll keep complete control. WvKliXohRV8-00005-00001268-00001500 Creepfan. You're next. WvKliXohRV8-00006-00001998-00002278 Tier 1. Looks like I'll trust Zoodiac again. WvKliXohRV8-00007-00002982-00003164 Glad to hear from you. WvKliXohRV8-00008-00003164-00003576 Fancy a little game? We both call an engine the other player isn't allowed to play. WvKliXohRV8-00009-00003624-00003902 I'll play your game. - I say Zoodiac. WvKliXohRV8-00010-00003902-00004256 Sure, do that. I choose Paleozoic. WvKliXohRV8-00011-00004338-00004716 You have no chance against me. I will destroy you! WvKliXohRV8-00012-00004730-00004782 DUEL! WvKliXohRV8-00013-00004796-00005278 I begin. First, I summon a Gofu and use its effect. Then, I set a monster and it's your turn. WvKliXohRV8-00014-00005278-00005522 Can you do more than just defend yourself? WvKliXohRV8-00015-00005522-00005832 I begin with my Toy Vendor and use its effect. WvKliXohRV8-00016-00005832-00006018 Then, I search for a spell card with my monster's effect. WvKliXohRV8-00017-00006018-00006422 After that, I activate Polymerization and summon my Tiger to the field. WvKliXohRV8-00018-00006422-00006620 With its effect, I can destroy three cards. WvKliXohRV8-00019-00006620-00007016 Then I draw a card thanks to my Fluffal's effect and send my Toy Vendor to the graveyard. WvKliXohRV8-00020-00007016-00007280 With that, I can search for a Penguin. WvKliXohRV8-00021-00007280-00007564 Then, I summon my mighty Fusion monster. WvKliXohRV8-00022-00007564-00008098 Thanks to Penguin, I can draw two cards, and thanks to my monster, I can summon Tiger again. WvKliXohRV8-00023-00008098-00008526 And then I summon another Fusion to the field. - You're forgetting I have a token that protects me. WvKliXohRV8-00024-00008526-00008794 Do you really think that? I activate Raigeki. WvKliXohRV8-00025-00008794-00009252 That's it. I have an attack power of 13,900 ATK. WvKliXohRV8-00026-00009252-00009672 I admit I lost this game, but I won't lose the second game. - Tch, if you think so. WvKliXohRV8-00027-00009672-00010214 I start again. I summon my Tin Goldfish and use its effect. Then I use the effect of my summoned Gadget. WvKliXohRV8-00028-00010214-00010698 I summon another Gadget from my hand, then I go into my Traptrix Xyz. Show me how you fare against that. WvKliXohRV8-00029-00010698-00011010 Is that all you want to set against me? That is a mistake. WvKliXohRV8-00030-00011010-00011334 I start with Toy Vendor again and search for a monster. WvKliXohRV8-00031-00011334-00011768 Then, I activate my fusion spell. I summon my Tiger! WvKliXohRV8-00032-00011768-00012188 Stop! You forget that I can activate a trap from my deck. I activate Bottomless Trap Hole. WvKliXohRV8-00033-00012188-00012588 I don't care. First, I can get my fusion card back with my cat's effect. WvKliXohRV8-00034-00012588-00012897 And my Tiger still destroys both of your monsters. WvKliXohRV8-00035-00012897-00013300 So what? I activate the effect of my Gold Gadget and can summon another Gadget from my hand. WvKliXohRV8-00036-00013316-00013602 Do you want to do something more useful already? I continue. WvKliXohRV8-00037-00013602-00013997 Play out my fusion card to summon my Kraken. WvKliXohRV8-00038-00013997-00014204 With my monster's effect effect, I can search for another card. WvKliXohRV8-00039-00014204-00014597 Then, I put my Toy Vendor into my graveyard to add a Fluffal Dog. WvKliXohRV8-00040-00014602-00014834 I summon my Dog and activate its effect. WvKliXohRV8-00041-00014834-00015247 Afterwards, I activate my spell and hereby summon my Wolf. WvKliXohRV8-00042-00015247-00015696 My Wolf can attack four times now. That's it! Attack! WvKliXohRV8-00043-00015696-00015910 Uuugh. Such... destruction... WvKliXohRV8-00044-00016722-00016928 I told you I would annihilate him. WvKliXohRV8-00045-00016928-00017248 Since I'm unleashed, nobody can stop me! WvKliXohRV8-00046-00017248-00017858 Just two players left. I'm coming! I will win all the games! WvKliXohRV8-00047-00018438-00018758 I know you want to free yourself from him, but please retain yourself. WvKliXohRV8-00048-00018758-00019418 You cannot defeat him all by yourself. Wait for me and I will help you. - a friend. Wxf0QgpuWYg-00000-00000020-00000315 the option-one percetion is always in an opinion Wxf0QgpuWYg-00001-00000315-00000589 one percetion Wxf0QgpuWYg-00002-00000589-00000884 or one option Wxf0QgpuWYg-00003-00000918-00001227 but from name everyone is himself Wxf0QgpuWYg-00004-00001534-00001836 that never has been ideated to change it Wxf0QgpuWYg-00005-00001836-00002130 at every oppotunity and every season Wxf0QgpuWYg-00006-00002130-00002459 With the name everyone is himself Wxf0QgpuWYg-00007-00002459-00002757 Since when municipality was registered Wxf0QgpuWYg-00008-00002757-00003059 and with the writing Wxf0QgpuWYg-00009-00003059-00003376 has engraved on the identified Wxf0QgpuWYg-00010-00003401-00003684 whitout any option Wxf0QgpuWYg-00011-00003988-00004332 even though it is a common name from the opinions of others is not immune. Wxf0QgpuWYg-00012-00004349-00005234 The common name just because it is not marked to the city Wxf0QgpuWYg-00013-00005234-00005431 it is reserved only obiects and animals and Wxf0QgpuWYg-00014-00005467-00005783 if pet is given a name to the registrery Wxf0QgpuWYg-00015-00005790-00006065 office certainly will not register Wxf0QgpuWYg-00016-00006065-00006393 and never will be recorded. Wxf0QgpuWYg-00017-00006468-00006808 If someone's name would alter Wxf0QgpuWYg-00018-00006827-00007110 certainly another in anger it would be Wxf0QgpuWYg-00019-00007110-00007405 because the situation would not be tolerated. Wxf0QgpuWYg-00020-00007405-00007722 the nams derived Wxf0QgpuWYg-00021-00007722-00008010 compound and collective Wxf0QgpuWYg-00022-00008010-00008221 are not considered offensive Wxf0QgpuWYg-00023-00008264-00008561 and therefore Angelino and Natalino Wxf0QgpuWYg-00024-00008561-00008839 are always good even in the crib. Wxf0QgpuWYg-00025-00008839-00009117 The reason for the missed option Wxf0QgpuWYg-00026-00009117-00009417 has no explanation maybe it depends Wxf0QgpuWYg-00027-00009417-00009709 on the country or area Wxf0QgpuWYg-00028-00009709-00009969 but certainly not an option Wxf0QgpuWYg-00029-00010397-00010687 thanks for your kind listening WxUWVyxC9ig-00000-00000500-00000808 Ã yoa Jesu Jericópʉ sʉ, WxUWVyxC9ig-00001-00000808-00001038 tí macapʉ yʉhdʉ wahcãno taro niha. WxUWVyxC9ig-00002-00001038-00001662 Pache pʉro Zaqueo wama tiriro pʉhtoa ya cjihtire wapa na cohtaina pʉhtoro tói jiha. WxUWVyxC9ig-00003-00001662-00002023 Ã jiro tiro Jesure “¿Diro baro jicari?” WxUWVyxC9ig-00004-00002023-00002316 ni ñʉ masino taro Jesure ñʉ duamaha. WxUWVyxC9ig-00005-00002316-00002834 Ã to ñʉ duapachʉta yahparirocã to jichʉ masa payʉ tirocãre dʉcataha. WxUWVyxC9ig-00006-00002834-00003192 Ã jiro tiro masare mʉroca yʉhdʉa waha, WxUWVyxC9ig-00007-00003192-00003632 sicómoro wama tidʉ yucʉcʉpʉ mʉjaha Jesure ñʉno taro. WxUWVyxC9ig-00008-00003632-00004040 Baharo curero tʉ cahai Jesu yʉhdʉaro taro niha. WxUWVyxC9ig-00009-00004040-00004334 Ã jiro Zaqueo tʉi cohtaro niha. WxUWVyxC9ig-00010-00004334-00004780 To ã cohta pisaro watoi Jesu sehe tʉ dahpotoi sʉrʉca, WxUWVyxC9ig-00011-00004780-00004924 Zaqueore ñʉroca mʉo, WxUWVyxC9ig-00012-00004924-00005156 tirore õ sehe niha: WxUWVyxC9ig-00013-00005156-00005512 —Zaqueo mipʉre mʉ wʉhʉi tjuasiniihtja yʉhʉ. WxUWVyxC9ig-00014-00005512-00005954 Ã jicʉ cjero duji taga —niha Jesu tirore. WxUWVyxC9ig-00015-00005954-00006264 To ã nichʉ Zaqueo sehe soaro mehne duji ta, WxUWVyxC9ig-00016-00006264-00006554 tuaro wahchea mehne to wʉhʉpʉ pji wahcãha Jesure. WxUWVyxC9ig-00017-00006554-00006812 To ã ni piti bocachʉ ñʉa, WxUWVyxC9ig-00018-00006812-00007080 jipihtina masa ti basi õ sehe ni durucuha: WxUWVyxC9ig-00019-00007080-00008014 —Ahriro Jesu ñaare yoariro ya wʉhʉpʉ tinino waha duara —ni durucuha jipihtina ti basi. WxUWVyxC9ig-00020-00008014-00008308 Zaqueo sehe piti boca tuhsʉ tói ducu, WxUWVyxC9ig-00021-00008308-00008444 Jesure õ sehe ni yahuha: WxUWVyxC9ig-00022-00008444-00008736 —Pʉhtoro tʉhoga yʉhʉre. WxUWVyxC9ig-00023-00008736-00009112 Jipihtia yʉ yare dacho macai pjacʉoinare waihtja. WxUWVyxC9ig-00024-00009112-00009588 Ã jicʉ yʉhʉ pairore cien niñeru tʉrire mahño mariro jicʉ, WxUWVyxC9ig-00025-00009588-00010258 cuatro cientos niñeru tʉrire wapa bui payoihtja tirore —niha Zaqueo Jesure. WxUWVyxC9ig-00026-00010258-00010648 To ã nichʉ Jesu sehe õ sehe ni yahuha tirore: WxUWVyxC9ig-00027-00010648-00011416 —Michare mʉhʉre mʉ wʉhʉi jiina cʉ̃hʉre pichacapʉ wahaborinare Cohamacʉ yʉhdo tuhsʉra. WxUWVyxC9ig-00028-00011416-00011714 Mʉhʉ cʉ̃hʉ Abrahã cjiro coyeiro jira. WxUWVyxC9ig-00029-00011714-00012240 Yʉhʉ masʉno Cohamacʉ warocariro pichacapʉ wahaborinare macai tai nii. WxUWVyxC9ig-00030-00012240-00012969 Tópʉ wahaborinare noano yʉhdoi tai nii —niha Jesu Zaqueore. WEBo5KCC2hc-00000-00000754-00001162 When you first log in to Piktochart, you will see the following dashboard screen with a WEBo5KCC2hc-00001-00001162-00001782 menu on the left-hand side of the screen and a "Create New" button in the middle. WEBo5KCC2hc-00002-00001782-00002050 Click on "Create New." WEBo5KCC2hc-00003-00002050-00002638 Choose "Infographic" as your project type. WEBo5KCC2hc-00004-00002638-00002981 Piktochart gives you a choice of templates (including a blank one if you want to start WEBo5KCC2hc-00005-00002981-00003249 from scratch). WEBo5KCC2hc-00006-00003249-00003621 Scroll through them until you find one that matches the look and feel of the infographic WEBo5KCC2hc-00007-00003621-00004444 you want to create, for example something in a cartoon style or something more business-like. WEBo5KCC2hc-00008-00004444-00004810 Once you’ve selected template you can change the colour scheme by clicking on the “colour WEBo5KCC2hc-00009-00004810-00005179 scheme” icon in the toolbar on the left-hand side. WEBo5KCC2hc-00010-00005179-00005612 It’s important to note that you can change the colour scheme of your infographic without WEBo5KCC2hc-00011-00005612-00005850 losing any of your content. WEBo5KCC2hc-00012-00005850-00006497 We recommend using templates as a way of getting to know Piktochart. WEBo5KCC2hc-00013-00006497-00006900 Once you're more familiar with Piktochart's functions (or if you are feeling adventurous) WEBo5KCC2hc-00014-00006900-00007365 you can experiment with creating an infographic from scratch by using the blank template. WEBo5KCC2hc-00015-00007365-00008423 You can add your own background, text frames, and images. WFtcDKHibac-00000-00000008-00000656 guys i'm finally back after two years of losing my youtube channel so this is the WFtcDKHibac-00001-00000656-00001232 background knowledge behind it i'll tell you all about it right now so i was walking to my mom's WFtcDKHibac-00002-00001232-00001896 car with my mom and i dropped my ipad in the road i know heartbreaking so sad and then i picked it i WFtcDKHibac-00003-00001896-00002496 picked it back up there was a massive crack so so i went to the apple store and got a brand new one WFtcDKHibac-00004-00002496-00002864 and then it was epic and awesome but i forgot to transfer all my data and WFtcDKHibac-00005-00002864-00003384 there was no way for me to ever do it so that's when i got sad and for two years WFtcDKHibac-00006-00003384-00003920 i got i was not the happiest because i you know i couldn't i couldn't show my stuff everyday life WFtcDKHibac-00007-00003920-00004552 to you guys and like i'm really sad about that but i finally got it back thanks to my awesome cousin WFtcDKHibac-00008-00004552-00004976 and you want to know something weak i can you could be the greatest you could be the best you WFtcDKHibac-00009-00004976-00005400 can be that king kong beating and you're just you can take on the world you can knock on god's door WFtcDKHibac-00010-00005456-00006112 oh yeah and also i'm going to be uploading cookie ark mlg clicker and also WFtcDKHibac-00011-00006112-00006544 maybe even some cut cardboard videos i don't know what's gonna anything in the comments WFtcDKHibac-00012-00006544-00007184 leave it right down there and also here's what i did in my last video but i'm big WHqpZGIRJxo-00000-00000257-00000543 WARRIOR. WHqpZGIRJxo-00001-00000543-00000830 GUARDIAN. WHqpZGIRJxo-00002-00000830-00001117 HUMANITARIAN. WHqpZGIRJxo-00003-00001117-00001403 SAILOR. WHqpZGIRJxo-00004-00001403-00002403 THROUGH THE CENTURIES OUR NATION HAS CALLED UPON THE SERVICES OF A SELECT WHqpZGIRJxo-00005-00002403-00002776 FEW. WHqpZGIRJxo-00006-00002776-00003895 A SELECT FEW WILLING TO PLACE THE NEEDS OF THEIR NATION AND COUNTRYMEN WHqpZGIRJxo-00007-00003895-00004107 AHEAD OF THEIR OWN. WHqpZGIRJxo-00008-00004107-00004207 MEN AND WOMEN READY TO SACRIFICE THEIR LIVES AND THEIR WHqpZGIRJxo-00009-00004207-00005076 FREEDOM TO PRESERVE AN IDEAL IN A WAY OF LIFE OVERCOMING FORMIDABLE CHALLENGES WHqpZGIRJxo-00010-00005076-00005369 AND PERSEVERING IN THE FACE OF HARDSHIP. WHqpZGIRJxo-00011-00005369-00006118 THEY ARE THE PILLARS OF STRENGTH ON WHICH THIS NATION AND ITS PEOPLE RELY. WHqpZGIRJxo-00012-00006118-00006918 WE SALUTE THOSE WHO MAKE OUR FOUNDING FATHERS DREAM OF FREEDOM A REALITY AND WHqpZGIRJxo-00013-00006918-00007413 WHO KEEP THE TORCH OF LIBERTY BURNING FOR US TODAY. WHqpZGIRJxo-00015-00011243-00011820 SINCE 1775 SAILORS IN THE UNITED STATES NAVY HAVE GIVEN ALL THEY HAVE TO PROTECT WHqpZGIRJxo-00016-00011820-00012157 AND DEFEND THE FREEDOM THAT WE ALL CHERISH. WHqpZGIRJxo-00017-00012157-00012504 THOUGH THE UNIFORMS AND TOOLS HAVE CHANGED THE FIGHTING SPIRIT OF THE WHqpZGIRJxo-00018-00012504-00013034 SAILOR REMAINS THE SAME THEN NOW AND ALWAYS WIAh8o4WYkM-00000-00000744-00002360 Welcome to theinternational Miami Ibiza dimension. WIAh8o4WYkM-00001-00002360-00004624 free your body moving flow this vibes WIAh8o4WYkM-00002-00004624-00006610 start on started party keeping words to rise WIAh8o4WYkM-00003-00009056-00010368 all inmindy WIAh8o4WYkM-00004-00010368-00011344 areinfinity twice WIAh8o4WYkM-00005-00011520-00012400 rhythmconcentrated WIAh8o4WYkM-00006-00012976-00013952 focus WIAh8o4WYkM-00007-00014191-00014336 focus WIAh8o4WYkM-00008-00014336-00014952 to WJlrkDRKum4-00000-00000228-00000404 Fish soup cook WJlrkDRKum4-00001-00001502-00001932 You take this here knife an' get to them potatoes WJlrkDRKum4-00002-00001972-00002460 Wash potatoes with water WJlrkDRKum4-00003-00002480-00002662 I like chips. WJlrkDRKum4-00004-00002662-00002912 Alexey and Volodya for firewood... WJlrkDRKum4-00005-00002924-00003560 potatoes need to be cut WJlrkDRKum4-00006-00003564-00003872 onions peeled and diced WJlrkDRKum4-00007-00003944-00004410 Andrew cleans the fish... WJlrkDRKum4-00008-00004448-00004998 Go ahead, take the water, don't hesitate. WJlrkDRKum4-00009-00005088-00005748 wash the tomatoes and peppers for a snack! WJlrkDRKum4-00010-00006814-00007076 Try lighting it on fire. WJlrkDRKum4-00011-00007631-00007884 the fire WJlrkDRKum4-00012-00007978-00008348 onions on the surface of the water WJlrkDRKum4-00013-00008376-00008732 And peppercorns WJlrkDRKum4-00014-00009324-00009740 The main ingredient is fish! WJlrkDRKum4-00015-00009790-00010034 Fish added after that.... WJlrkDRKum4-00016-00010082-00010378 after that....how to cook potatoes WJlrkDRKum4-00017-00011750-00012410 The more fish, the richer the broth! WJlrkDRKum4-00018-00013569-00014063 How about salt? WJlrkDRKum4-00019-00017640-00018110 Volodya lay down on the sand WJlrkDRKum4-00020-00020118-00020396 We are located, who as can WJlrkDRKum4-00021-00020446-00020838 Use the spoon. WJlrkDRKum4-00022-00020948-00021254 remove WJlrkDRKum4-00023-00021324-00021800 hot WJlrkDRKum4-00024-00021850-00022434 Anyway, these are very good. WJlrkDRKum4-00025-00022442-00022842 Today with white bread! WJlrkDRKum4-00026-00023782-00024088 Alexey comments: WJlrkDRKum4-00027-00024088-00024206 - the second day of our rest... WJlrkDRKum4-00028-00024206-00024392 Luxury fishing WJlrkDRKum4-00029-00024404-00024596 Andrey WJlrkDRKum4-00030-00024656-00024860 Alexander WJlrkDRKum4-00031-00024982-00025270 Volodya WJlrkDRKum4-00032-00025426-00025764 and I, in person-Alex. WJlrkDRKum4-00033-00025782-00026108 and my little comment: WJlrkDRKum4-00034-00026108-00026412 sitting on a small island WJlrkDRKum4-00035-00026464-00027026 But I can't imagine many places in the world more beautiful than this. WJlrkDRKum4-00036-00027042-00027188 warm WJlrkDRKum4-00037-00027264-00027404 midges WJlrkDRKum4-00038-00027439-00028068 and there the river flows WJlrkDRKum4-00039-00028072-00028445 Volodya is freezing))) WJlrkDRKum4-00040-00028506-00028930 he's from the South))) WJlrkDRKum4-00041-00028945-00029333 +30 for him-chilly WJlrkDRKum4-00042-00029364-00029660 Great food tonight WJlrkDRKum4-00043-00029664-00030139 The fish have had a really good go. WJlrkDRKum4-00044-00030222-00030370 Good! WJlrkDRKum4-00045-00031583-00032214 it is necessary to wash the pot WJlrkDRKum4-00046-00032480-00033212 conversation on the subject of cleanliness and order! WJlrkDRKum4-00047-00033278-00033680 Andrew is trying to photograph us WJlrkDRKum4-00048-00034608-00035226 Rafting further down the river WM6xvAlfIvg-00000-00001283-00001590 Hello everyone, we are YoYoVlog WM6xvAlfIvg-00001-00001593-00001720 I'm Shirley WM6xvAlfIvg-00002-00001730-00001856 I'm Uni WM6xvAlfIvg-00003-00001873-00001986 Christmas is coming soon WM6xvAlfIvg-00004-00001986-00002413 Should we start something? make christmas tree WM6xvAlfIvg-00005-00002430-00002590 Want to make a Christmas tree? WM6xvAlfIvg-00006-00002590-00002643 Yes WM6xvAlfIvg-00007-00002646-00002920 well today by our dad WM6xvAlfIvg-00008-00002960-00003103 Come take us to do it together WM6xvAlfIvg-00009-00003103-00003273 So where did our daddy go? WM6xvAlfIvg-00010-00003286-00003406 There! WM6xvAlfIvg-00011-00003413-00003533 philtrum! philtrum! WM6xvAlfIvg-00012-00003643-00003763 so ugly! WM6xvAlfIvg-00013-00004116-00004196 yeah~ WM6xvAlfIvg-00014-00004266-00004366 let's start WM6xvAlfIvg-00015-00004366-00004646 We are now decorating this Christmas wreath WM6xvAlfIvg-00016-00004646-00004830 Merry Chrismas WM6xvAlfIvg-00017-00004870-00005166 jingle bell jingle bell jingle all the way WM6xvAlfIvg-00018-00005186-00005340 jingle all the way WM6xvAlfIvg-00019-00005360-00005493 Wow~ so many! WM6xvAlfIvg-00020-00005533-00005746 Wow~ this... so cute~ haha WM6xvAlfIvg-00021-00005746-00005846 That's an apple, right? WM6xvAlfIvg-00022-00005943-00006026 peaches WM6xvAlfIvg-00023-00006033-00006120 christmas tree WM6xvAlfIvg-00024-00006160-00006363 And this pink ball WM6xvAlfIvg-00025-00006363-00006559 jingle bell jingle bell jingle all the way WM6xvAlfIvg-00026-00006566-00006716 OK! Let's get started! WM6xvAlfIvg-00027-00006740-00006853 this shiny WM6xvAlfIvg-00028-00006853-00006970 i want to hang this WM6xvAlfIvg-00029-00007000-00007153 santa claus Wow! So cute~ WM6xvAlfIvg-00030-00007153-00007306 Mine is Santa Claus too. WM6xvAlfIvg-00031-00007423-00007573 Hang it up first, it's easier to decorate WM6xvAlfIvg-00032-00007573-00007746 here is a bowknot WM6xvAlfIvg-00033-00007746-00007863 I want this WM6xvAlfIvg-00034-00007890-00007970 ok WM6xvAlfIvg-00035-00008043-00008106 like this WM6xvAlfIvg-00036-00008109-00008210 Yay, my elk? WM6xvAlfIvg-00037-00008220-00008403 Shiny! Where is Xuebao? WM6xvAlfIvg-00038-00008640-00008840 jingle bell jingle bell how loud WM6xvAlfIvg-00039-00009026-00009146 Remember to ring the little bell! WM6xvAlfIvg-00040-00009213-00009433 Remember to press the little bell WM6xvAlfIvg-00041-00009520-00009753 Will Santa Claus give you presents? WM6xvAlfIvg-00042-00009753-00010010 yes! will give us gifts WM6xvAlfIvg-00043-00010100-00010270 Then your gift is here WM6xvAlfIvg-00044-00010276-00010350 don't want! WM6xvAlfIvg-00045-00010356-00010453 these WM6xvAlfIvg-00046-00010716-00010896 Merry Christmas WM6xvAlfIvg-00047-00010973-00011280 is it okay? let's tidy it up WM6xvAlfIvg-00048-00011396-00011533 Merry Christmas WM6xvAlfIvg-00049-00011566-00011853 Uni, you didn't even decorate this WM6xvAlfIvg-00050-00011880-00012010 OK! Are you ready? WM6xvAlfIvg-00051-00012013-00012293 All right! Not yet, I haven't! WM6xvAlfIvg-00052-00012320-00012466 It's done! I am going to decorate this! WM6xvAlfIvg-00053-00012486-00012640 i want to decorate so cute WM6xvAlfIvg-00054-00012710-00013003 Ok, then we are going to DIY Christmas tree next WM6xvAlfIvg-00055-00013003-00013113 So what color shall we wrap first? WM6xvAlfIvg-00056-00013113-00013280 this this this! This first? WM6xvAlfIvg-00057-00013280-00013403 Wrap the bottom or the top WM6xvAlfIvg-00058-00013403-00013626 top! top here? WM6xvAlfIvg-00059-00013630-00013703 ok! WM6xvAlfIvg-00060-00014676-00014850 Wait a minute, are you a rhino? WM6xvAlfIvg-00061-00014890-00015000 This is a bug WM6xvAlfIvg-00062-00015040-00015119 rhino WM6xvAlfIvg-00063-00015140-00015306 wow! christmas tree WM6xvAlfIvg-00064-00015306-00015430 Uni, what do you tick? WM6xvAlfIvg-00065-00015453-00015613 Tick these two WM6xvAlfIvg-00066-00015869-00016040 no place to hook WM6xvAlfIvg-00067-00016153-00016296 Tick this ribbon WM6xvAlfIvg-00068-00016343-00016600 The ribbon pulls out the leaf so that it is hooked. WM6xvAlfIvg-00069-00016943-00017100 Can I hang it here? WM6xvAlfIvg-00070-00017106-00017303 Yes! You can tick where you want to hang! cute! WM6xvAlfIvg-00071-00017333-00017500 There's a snare drum here WM6xvAlfIvg-00072-00017500-00017623 have what? snare drum WM6xvAlfIvg-00073-00017626-00017693 snare drum WM6xvAlfIvg-00074-00017693-00017803 boom boom boom boom WM6xvAlfIvg-00075-00017830-00017983 boom boom boom boom WM6xvAlfIvg-00076-00018126-00018293 Christmas is a very... WM6xvAlfIvg-00077-00018353-00018536 happy holiday WM6xvAlfIvg-00078-00018620-00018766 because there will be gifts WM6xvAlfIvg-00079-00018766-00019020 ha ha~because there will be gifts WM6xvAlfIvg-00080-00019020-00019323 Ok! I don't think that's the reason WM6xvAlfIvg-00081-00019326-00019453 Yeah! You can also hang it here WM6xvAlfIvg-00082-00019453-00019550 I think WM6xvAlfIvg-00083-00019623-00019703 Wow WM6xvAlfIvg-00084-00019763-00020070 is a beautiful thing is it beautiful WM6xvAlfIvg-00085-00020080-00020203 Hmm! I think WM6xvAlfIvg-00086-00020310-00020686 Ah! My Santa Claus~ WM6xvAlfIvg-00087-00020790-00020943 whose santa claus WM6xvAlfIvg-00088-00020980-00021146 fell to the ground WM6xvAlfIvg-00089-00021150-00021243 this one? WM6xvAlfIvg-00090-00021250-00021343 yes! WM6xvAlfIvg-00091-00021366-00021540 he is crying WM6xvAlfIvg-00092-00021626-00021843 pin this up first WM6xvAlfIvg-00093-00022300-00022410 Dad, look at his face WM6xvAlfIvg-00094-00022686-00022853 yeah~ WM6xvAlfIvg-00095-00022856-00023023 finished WM6xvAlfIvg-00096-00023066-00023206 what have you done WM6xvAlfIvg-00097-00023253-00023430 our christmas tree WM6xvAlfIvg-00098-00023473-00023546 Are you satisfied? WM6xvAlfIvg-00099-00023546-00023640 satisfy WM6xvAlfIvg-00100-00023713-00024006 But! What is Dad's expression? WM6xvAlfIvg-00101-00024030-00024186 Dad doesn't seem very satisfied WM6xvAlfIvg-00102-00024186-00024353 next WM6xvAlfIvg-00103-00024410-00024490 GO~ WM6xvAlfIvg-00104-00024560-00024640 magic WM6xvAlfIvg-00105-00024780-00024906 open WM6xvAlfIvg-00106-00025216-00025426 Wow~! This bell is WM6xvAlfIvg-00107-00025450-00025723 i want this big star Do you want elk? WM6xvAlfIvg-00108-00025723-00025846 Flatten it first WM6xvAlfIvg-00109-00026033-00026246 This big snowflake is in the middle WM6xvAlfIvg-00110-00026276-00026516 how about your big snowflake? in the middle WM6xvAlfIvg-00111-00026589-00026710 My bell, I want to put it here! WM6xvAlfIvg-00112-00026786-00026896 this sock WM6xvAlfIvg-00113-00027273-00027470 Good! Great! WM6xvAlfIvg-00114-00027939-00028020 yeah WM6xvAlfIvg-00115-00028110-00028196 Finish WM6xvAlfIvg-00116-00029389-00029550 Ah! There! Hahaha WM6xvAlfIvg-00117-00029903-00030036 this is my gift WM6xvAlfIvg-00118-00030089-00030246 our! yay , the big one is mine WM6xvAlfIvg-00119-00030263-00030343 Roar~! WM6xvAlfIvg-00120-00030430-00030689 What are you yelling! You are small, I am big! WM6xvAlfIvg-00121-00030689-00030976 Hey! What is our little one? let's unbox WM6xvAlfIvg-00122-00030976-00031103 It should be empty! WM6xvAlfIvg-00123-00031110-00031189 what!!! WM6xvAlfIvg-00124-00031326-00031493 There is sound! x3 WM6xvAlfIvg-00125-00031493-00031573 Is there a sound? WM6xvAlfIvg-00126-00031573-00031796 OK! Let's unwrap it and see what the gift is, shall we? WM6xvAlfIvg-00127-00031893-00031993 Is it a box? WM6xvAlfIvg-00128-00032410-00032580 inside the box what is it WM6xvAlfIvg-00129-00032580-00032676 two boxes WM6xvAlfIvg-00130-00032676-00032880 Two boxes?! Could there be an empty box? WM6xvAlfIvg-00131-00032880-00032993 Not WM6xvAlfIvg-00132-00033140-00033226 really rough WM6xvAlfIvg-00133-00033606-00033690 drawing board WM6xvAlfIvg-00134-00033693-00033796 It's a drawing board! WM6xvAlfIvg-00135-00033816-00033980 your favorite painting WM6xvAlfIvg-00136-00033990-00034156 I also like to draw when I go out WM6xvAlfIvg-00137-00034163-00034283 Then we'll just put it in the car WM6xvAlfIvg-00138-00034283-00034426 One for you to paint at home WM6xvAlfIvg-00139-00034426-00034543 But but... WM6xvAlfIvg-00140-00034686-00034883 then we...then...then WM6xvAlfIvg-00141-00034980-00035170 Then our... WM6xvAlfIvg-00142-00035170-00035360 What about our forest family? WM6xvAlfIvg-00143-00035363-00035483 Is there a forest family? WM6xvAlfIvg-00144-00035483-00035546 have~ WM6xvAlfIvg-00145-00035646-00035823 Did Santa Claus promise? WM6xvAlfIvg-00146-00035823-00036053 Did Santa Claus promise to send the forest family? WM6xvAlfIvg-00147-00036113-00036203 ok, let me ask WM6xvAlfIvg-00148-00036203-00036506 Do you put the white ones at home or the pink ones in the car? WM6xvAlfIvg-00149-00036526-00036820 Pink should be placed at home, white should be placed in the car! WM6xvAlfIvg-00150-00036853-00037116 then i'm going to draw a christmas tree WM6xvAlfIvg-00151-00037180-00037303 carrot WM6xvAlfIvg-00152-00037480-00037656 Ah I drew it wrong! so ugly!! WM6xvAlfIvg-00153-00037656-00037976 Christmas tree, and look! Press down WM6xvAlfIvg-00154-00037996-00038086 Disappeared! WM6xvAlfIvg-00155-00038096-00038176 Like it? WM6xvAlfIvg-00156-00038180-00038256 like! WM6xvAlfIvg-00157-00038286-00038583 no forest family~~ WM6xvAlfIvg-00158-00038646-00038786 Ah~ don't you like it? WM6xvAlfIvg-00159-00038786-00039003 i really want forest family WM6xvAlfIvg-00160-00039003-00039116 Then don't want this? WM6xvAlfIvg-00161-00039126-00039203 want! WM6xvAlfIvg-00162-00039203-00039386 Then give this back to me, and replace the forest family! want! WM6xvAlfIvg-00163-00039386-00039703 No! Both are ours WM6xvAlfIvg-00164-00039703-00039793 then put it away WM6xvAlfIvg-00165-00039793-00040036 Then help me unwrap that big gift at the back WM6xvAlfIvg-00166-00040036-00040270 This is what Santa Claus said to give to Mom WM6xvAlfIvg-00167-00040273-00040430 hope is forest family WM6xvAlfIvg-00168-00040463-00040516 Is it the forest family? WM6xvAlfIvg-00169-00040516-00040596 hope WM6xvAlfIvg-00170-00040653-00040783 Forest family! WM6xvAlfIvg-00171-00040793-00041006 Haha~ Forest Family! WM6xvAlfIvg-00172-00041216-00041333 wow~~~ WM6xvAlfIvg-00173-00041406-00041516 yeah~ WM6xvAlfIvg-00174-00041623-00041740 Are you happy? WM6xvAlfIvg-00175-00041740-00041830 Have WM6xvAlfIvg-00176-00041856-00042093 Hey wait! This is mine! Yes indeed! WM6xvAlfIvg-00177-00042093-00042223 Not~~!! Didn't I choose WM6xvAlfIvg-00178-00042386-00042583 Look there's Santa Claus over there WM6xvAlfIvg-00179-00042603-00042690 Ah~~ WM6xvAlfIvg-00180-00042786-00043076 Ah!! Don't run for me!! WM6xvAlfIvg-00181-00043233-00043330 Want to unbox? WM6xvAlfIvg-00182-00043333-00043413 yes WM6xvAlfIvg-00183-00043763-00043960 become a bunny village WM6xvAlfIvg-00184-00043960-00044050 bunny village WM6xvAlfIvg-00185-00044050-00044163 become a rabbit village WM6xvAlfIvg-00186-00044163-00044403 Wow! What does it hang? Hanging chairs! what is this? WM6xvAlfIvg-00187-00044660-00044743 be mine WM6xvAlfIvg-00188-00044816-00044923 mother come over to see WM6xvAlfIvg-00189-00044966-00045056 Look! It's so small! WM6xvAlfIvg-00190-00045066-00045240 ah~ so cute WM6xvAlfIvg-00191-00045320-00045516 So cute! So small! WM6xvAlfIvg-00192-00045523-00045796 Happy birthday to you WM6xvAlfIvg-00193-00045816-00045923 Why is there a cake? WM6xvAlfIvg-00194-00045923-00046040 no cake WM6xvAlfIvg-00195-00046066-00046196 Isn't that your cake? WM6xvAlfIvg-00196-00046196-00046380 Not a cake! what is that? WM6xvAlfIvg-00197-00046390-00046510 This cake! WM6xvAlfIvg-00198-00046536-00046756 oops i really have cake WM6xvAlfIvg-00199-00046830-00047030 ah! i have a chair WM6xvAlfIvg-00200-00047140-00047340 Hey~ There's also Coke meals~ WM6xvAlfIvg-00201-00047383-00047586 Like your restaurant, the two of you can play together WM6xvAlfIvg-00202-00047586-00047766 this is not a restaurant WM6xvAlfIvg-00203-00047780-00047960 Ah! Someone is sleeping This is a restaurant WM6xvAlfIvg-00204-00048040-00048180 So cute! So mini WM6xvAlfIvg-00205-00048226-00048350 And omelet rice WM6xvAlfIvg-00206-00048370-00048616 Boss, I want an omurice WM6xvAlfIvg-00207-00048616-00048680 Wait a moment WM6xvAlfIvg-00208-00048743-00048830 Omurice WM6xvAlfIvg-00209-00049236-00049463 I am a candy shop~ hahaha WM6xvAlfIvg-00210-00049503-00049583 candy WM6xvAlfIvg-00211-00049666-00049806 Uni, let me see what cards you have? WM6xvAlfIvg-00212-00049976-00050123 Shirley, I have this card WM6xvAlfIvg-00213-00050166-00050373 wow~ so cute WM6xvAlfIvg-00214-00050390-00050576 All the cabinets can be opened! WM6xvAlfIvg-00215-00050590-00050750 I can open this cabinet WM6xvAlfIvg-00216-00050770-00050880 show me WM6xvAlfIvg-00217-00050976-00051086 Hey~ really hey! WM6xvAlfIvg-00218-00051123-00051310 You can play together, you can come to Uni's room to sleep WM6xvAlfIvg-00219-00051310-00051490 Uni goes to your place to cook WM6xvAlfIvg-00220-00051490-00051616 OK! No! WM6xvAlfIvg-00221-00051616-00051903 It should be Uni coming to my place for dinner WM6xvAlfIvg-00222-00051903-00052100 ok, go to your side! let you cook, you cook for her WM6xvAlfIvg-00223-00052100-00052379 OK! Sleep, take a shower and come to Uni room WM6xvAlfIvg-00224-00052779-00053043 Where is the door? Where is the door? can come in WM6xvAlfIvg-00225-00053046-00053190 It's okay to come in directly WM6xvAlfIvg-00226-00053190-00053326 straight in, lol WM6xvAlfIvg-00227-00053366-00053456 happy? WM6xvAlfIvg-00228-00053456-00053590 happy WM6xvAlfIvg-00229-00053590-00053793 Alright~ that's all for today's video WM6xvAlfIvg-00230-00053796-00053883 if you like us WM6xvAlfIvg-00231-00053883-00054120 Please subscribe and share WM6xvAlfIvg-00232-00054129-00054526 Merry Christmas everyone~ WM6xvAlfIvg-00233-00054526-00054650 byebye WM6xvAlfIvg-00234-00054666-00054796 love you WM6xvAlfIvg-00235-00054810-00054940 and what to turn on WM6xvAlfIvg-00236-00054970-00055123 Little Bell! WM6xvAlfIvg-00237-00055136-00055279 jingle jingle WM6xvAlfIvg-00238-00055310-00055479 jingle all the way WM6xvAlfIvg-00239-00056890-00057123 Why follow me!! I'm leaving the camera! WM6xvAlfIvg-00240-00058690-00058810 it fell WM6xvAlfIvg-00241-00058896-00059063 jingle all the way WM6xvAlfIvg-00242-00059620-00059756 yeah yeah yeah WM6xvAlfIvg-00243-00060160-00060296 so amazing WM6xvAlfIvg-00244-00060323-00060623 stuck ha ha ha stuck WM6xvAlfIvg-00245-00061056-00061173 don't want WM6xvAlfIvg-00246-00061176-00061373 Ah, another Christmas tree WM6xvAlfIvg-00247-00061820-00061970 As a result, all dropped WM6xvAlfIvg-00248-00062083-00062220 ha~ no way WM6xvAlfIvg-00249-00062286-00062676 Thanks for watching Wp6lgXYgrN4-00000-00000004-00000325 Here is the full story of Quinn and Logan. Wp6lgXYgrN4-00001-00000408-00000838 From day one it was apparent that Logan and Quinn did not get along. Wp6lgXYgrN4-00002-00000846-00001105 Ewe, Logan? He’s such a jerk. Wp6lgXYgrN4-00003-00001113-00001489 And the two weren’t afraid to let everyone know how they felt about each other. Wp6lgXYgrN4-00004-00001497-00001785 - What happened? - We all fell asleep. Wp6lgXYgrN4-00005-00001793-00002139 Must be an effect of my synthetic coconut aroma. Wp6lgXYgrN4-00006-00002148-00002373 - That’s weird. - So are you. Wp6lgXYgrN4-00007-00002498-00002869 While their feuding continued, Quinn was able to find someone who appreciated Wp6lgXYgrN4-00008-00002877-00003048 her weirdness, Mark. Wp6lgXYgrN4-00009-00003090-00003432 - Quinn? - I think we lost her. Wp6lgXYgrN4-00010-00003545-00003849 - Quinn, who you lookin’ at? - No one. Wp6lgXYgrN4-00011-00003858-00003995 Yeah, you were. Wp6lgXYgrN4-00012-00004004-00004275 - You were totally checking out that guy. - Who is he? Wp6lgXYgrN4-00013-00004416-00004921 His name is Mark. He’s in my Biology class. Is he cute or what? Wp6lgXYgrN4-00014-00004929-00005163 Although they started off a little rocky… Wp6lgXYgrN4-00015-00005171-00005342 - Oh, hey, Clint. - Quinn! Wp6lgXYgrN4-00016-00005351-00005580 - Did you say Clint? - He said Quinn. Wp6lgXYgrN4-00017-00005588-00005664 I said Clint. Wp6lgXYgrN4-00018-00005672-00006122 They ended up in a long-term relationship. Logan, on the other hand, Wp6lgXYgrN4-00019-00006131-00006277 was busy being rejected. Wp6lgXYgrN4-00020-00006285-00006594 So, I was thinking. Maybe I’ll take you out. You know, like a date. Wp6lgXYgrN4-00021-00006631-00006969 Well, thanks but I really don’t like you that way. Sorry. Wp6lgXYgrN4-00022-00007340-00007624 Rejected! Rejected! Wp6lgXYgrN4-00023-00007632-00008187 Yeah, you just got rejected! RE-JE-CTED, rejected! Wp6lgXYgrN4-00024-00008195-00008471 It seemed like Quinn and Logan would never get along. Wp6lgXYgrN4-00025-00008479-00008925 That was until Logan and Michael got into a stinky situation Wp6lgXYgrN4-00026-00008933-00009163 and needed a little Quinnvention help. Wp6lgXYgrN4-00027-00009171-00009430 Prepare to be de-skunkified. Wp6lgXYgrN4-00028-00009438-00009626 - Hold up! Please hold up! - Whoa! Whoa! Wp6lgXYgrN4-00029-00009634-00009784 What are you gonna spray us with? Wp6lgXYgrN4-00030-00009793-00010156 A chemical compound I created to neutralize the effect of skunk smell. Wp6lgXYgrN4-00031-00010164-00010327 Well, what if it’s dangerous? Wp6lgXYgrN4-00032-00010335-00010606 Yeah, I cannot risk anything happening to this face. Wp6lgXYgrN4-00033-00010614-00010865 Oh you babies! Here! Wp6lgXYgrN4-00034-00010948-00011115 Spray my sleeve. Wp6lgXYgrN4-00035-00011315-00011457 See? Wp6lgXYgrN4-00036-00011603-00011936 Now, do you guys wanna stink for the next 3 weeks? Wp6lgXYgrN4-00037-00012166-00012304 Just spray us. Wp6lgXYgrN4-00038-00012458-00012729 But just when we thought they were on their way to being friends, Wp6lgXYgrN4-00039-00012737-00013000 Logan’s old ways brought Quinn to her breaking point. Wp6lgXYgrN4-00040-00013008-00013505 I am Quinn. I must go get a sprocket from my home planet, Dorgon. Wp6lgXYgrN4-00041-00013513-00013680 I am Quinn from Dorgon. Wp6lgXYgrN4-00042-00013688-00013805 [laughing] Wp6lgXYgrN4-00043-00013813-00014068 So, you guys think I’m a dork. Wp6lgXYgrN4-00044-00014401-00014631 - Quinn, we were just… - Making fun of me. Wp6lgXYgrN4-00045-00014639-00014919 - Look, Logan was just… - I heard what he was doing! Wp6lgXYgrN4-00046-00014927-00015136 And I heard you all laughing. Wp6lgXYgrN4-00047-00015215-00015369 Look, if ya’ll think I’m such a dork Wp6lgXYgrN4-00048-00015377-00015603 you can just finish your stupid robot on your own. Wp6lgXYgrN4-00049-00016057-00016212 [slamming door] Wp6lgXYgrN4-00050-00016220-00016353 Uh oh. Wp6lgXYgrN4-00051-00016362-00016745 Zoey, Chase, and the rest of the gang felt bad for lying behind her back. Wp6lgXYgrN4-00052-00016754-00017100 And used the Loganator to send a heartfelt apology. Wp6lgXYgrN4-00053-00017108-00017446 - Hey, what’s going on? - We’re sorry, Quinn. Wp6lgXYgrN4-00054-00017455-00017838 Will you please forgive us? Please. Wp6lgXYgrN4-00055-00017847-00018289 Well, maybe Logan wasn’t super heartfelt, but he still apologized. Wp6lgXYgrN4-00056-00018297-00018531 - Kinda. - We’re really sorry. Wp6lgXYgrN4-00057-00018647-00018793 All of you? Wp6lgXYgrN4-00058-00019144-00019256 Yes. Wp6lgXYgrN4-00059-00019265-00019402 Good. Wp6lgXYgrN4-00060-00019411-00019782 Even though they still didn’t seem to get along, they showed some signs that the Wp6lgXYgrN4-00061-00019790-00020211 relationship was moving from straight up enemies to frenemies. Wp6lgXYgrN4-00062-00020220-00020483 - Please help me. - Sure. Wp6lgXYgrN4-00063-00020491-00020683 - Come along. - Where are we going? Wp6lgXYgrN4-00064-00020691-00020996 You wanna ask me questions or you wanna learn to make freethrows? Wp6lgXYgrN4-00065-00021004-00021446 Meanwhile, Quinn thought her and Mark’s 2-year relationship was going perfect Wp6lgXYgrN4-00066-00021454-00021700 until he told her they should go on a break. Wp6lgXYgrN4-00067-00021709-00021980 - Okay, Mark. What up? - What up what? Wp6lgXYgrN4-00068-00021988-00022197 You’ve been acting weird for like two weeks now. Wp6lgXYgrN4-00069-00022297-00022451 I don’t know. Wp6lgXYgrN4-00070-00022460-00022689 We’ve been going out for a long time. Wp6lgXYgrN4-00071-00022731-00022852 Maybe we should... Wp6lgXYgrN4-00072-00022918-00023073 take a little break? Wp6lgXYgrN4-00073-00023256-00023427 A break from each other? Wp6lgXYgrN4-00074-00023490-00023602 Kinda. Wp6lgXYgrN4-00075-00023836-00024061 Okay. If that’s what you want. Wp6lgXYgrN4-00076-00024069-00024612 However, time to himself actually meant spending time with his new friend, Brooke. Wp6lgXYgrN4-00077-00024620-00025000 I don’t know. She started liking me and I guess I kinda started liking her back. Wp6lgXYgrN4-00078-00025008-00025183 - You lied to me! - Shhh! Wp6lgXYgrN4-00079-00025191-00025404 I didn’t mean to! I just… Wp6lgXYgrN4-00080-00025496-00025708 - I didn’t want you to get upset. - Psst, too late! Wp6lgXYgrN4-00081-00025717-00025909 Eat yellow kale! Wp6lgXYgrN4-00082-00025988-00026401 In an attempt to win him back, Quinn gave herself a make over. Wp6lgXYgrN4-00083-00026409-00026780 But even after all her efforts, he still wanted to stay with Brooke. Wp6lgXYgrN4-00084-00026789-00027177 - This isn’t… you. - Well, it’s what you want. Wp6lgXYgrN4-00085-00027185-00027448 I’m not dating Brooke because she looks hot. Wp6lgXYgrN4-00086-00027481-00027752 - We just really connected. - Uh huh. Wp6lgXYgrN4-00087-00027761-00028111 Logan came rolling by to find a heartbroken Quinn Wp6lgXYgrN4-00088-00028119-00028374 and reminded her of who she really is. Wp6lgXYgrN4-00089-00028382-00028561 He’s an idiot for breaking up with you. Wp6lgXYgrN4-00090-00028637-00028791 Why do you say that? Wp6lgXYgrN4-00091-00028799-00028987 I don’t know. I mean… Wp6lgXYgrN4-00092-00028995-00029125 Look. Wp6lgXYgrN4-00093-00029133-00029291 We all know you’re weird. Wp6lgXYgrN4-00094-00029325-00029467 But, you’re smart. Wp6lgXYgrN4-00095-00029517-00029746 You’re pretty. And… Wp6lgXYgrN4-00096-00029754-00030017 - You’re kinda fun. - Thanks. Wp6lgXYgrN4-00097-00030025-00030134 Sure. Wp6lgXYgrN4-00098-00030192-00030309 And uh… Wp6lgXYgrN4-00099-00030317-00030438 Why are you dressed like that? Wp6lgXYgrN4-00100-00030659-00030997 - I was trying to compete with Brooke. - Well, don’t. Wp6lgXYgrN4-00101-00032069-00032273 Hey. There’s Quinn. Wp6lgXYgrN4-00102-00033074-00033491 Whoa! They kiss? I did not see that one coming! Wp6lgXYgrN4-00103-00033500-00033642 - Master! - Giddy up! Wp6lgXYgrN4-00104-00033650-00033842 [neighing] Wp6lgXYgrN4-00105-00034038-00034355 Weirdest… day… ever. Wp6lgXYgrN4-00106-00034363-00034501 Uh huh. Wp6lgXYgrN4-00107-00034509-00034855 It seemed as though the kiss helped soften their feelings towards one another. Wp6lgXYgrN4-00108-00034864-00035181 Resulting in a secret love that they tried to deny. Wp6lgXYgrN4-00109-00035222-00035473 - What? - Come on. This is just insane. Wp6lgXYgrN4-00110-00035481-00035798 Why? Lots of guys and girls rub noses together. Wp6lgXYgrN4-00111-00035806-00036011 I mean, you and me. Wp6lgXYgrN4-00112-00036052-00036282 - This... - Oh. Wp6lgXYgrN4-00113-00036369-00036578 - Yeah. - It’s just wrong. Wp6lgXYgrN4-00114-00036586-00036928 So, wrong. This can’t happen anymore. Wp6lgXYgrN4-00115-00036936-00037278 Let’s just move on and pretend none of this you and me stuff ever happened. Wp6lgXYgrN4-00116-00037287-00037533 I’m so on board with that. Wp6lgXYgrN4-00117-00037541-00037771 - One more eskimo kiss?’ - Kay! Wp6lgXYgrN4-00118-00037862-00038113 No matter what they did, they couldn’t be apart. Wp6lgXYgrN4-00119-00038121-00038484 Even though they were way too embarrassed to be dating publicly. Wp6lgXYgrN4-00120-00038492-00038784 Okay, obviously we’re not doing a good job of stopping this. Wp6lgXYgrN4-00121-00038793-00039101 Yeah. But I’m not sure I wanna stop. Wp6lgXYgrN4-00122-00039109-00039431 Well, if neither of us wants to stop this, then… Wp6lgXYgrN4-00123-00039518-00039702 - I guess… - We're... Wp6lgXYgrN4-00124-00039710-00039844 dating? Wp6lgXYgrN4-00125-00039902-00039998 Sorta. Wp6lgXYgrN4-00126-00040056-00040219 Wow! Wp6lgXYgrN4-00127-00040227-00040361 Yeah. Wp6lgXYgrN4-00128-00040519-00040624 What are you thinking? Wp6lgXYgrN4-00129-00040719-00040874 I’m embarrassed to be dating you. Wp6lgXYgrN4-00130-00040957-00041257 - Really? - Yes. I can’t believe you made me say it! Wp6lgXYgrN4-00131-00041266-00041504 - I’m thrilled you said it! - Huh? Wp6lgXYgrN4-00132-00041512-00041683 I’m embarrassed to be dating you too! Wp6lgXYgrN4-00133-00041691-00041804 Seriously? Wp6lgXYgrN4-00134-00041812-00042096 Super embarrassed! If anyone found out, I’d die! Wp6lgXYgrN4-00135-00042104-00042217 I know how you feel! Wp6lgXYgrN4-00136-00042225-00042496 Oh! Wp6lgXYgrN4-00137-00042505-00042838 Nervous that their secret relationship could be revealed by Michael, Wp6lgXYgrN4-00138-00042847-00043205 the two tried to show their friends that they still hated each other. Wp6lgXYgrN4-00139-00043214-00043472 - Why don’t you leave? - Why should I leave? I was here first! Wp6lgXYgrN4-00140-00043481-00043727 No you weren’t! We got here at the same time! Wp6lgXYgrN4-00141-00043735-00043994 Well, if you were a gentleman, you would leave! Wp6lgXYgrN4-00142-00044002-00044298 Yeah, well, if you were a gentleman, you would leave! Wp6lgXYgrN4-00143-00044306-00044536 I can’t be a gentleman! I’m a girl you ninny! Wp6lgXYgrN4-00144-00044544-00044799 Hey! I’ve never babysat kids in my life! Wp6lgXYgrN4-00145-00044807-00045132 Hey! Hey! Hey! Hey! Hey! Cheese and rice! Wp6lgXYgrN4-00146-00045141-00045320 You guys sound like an old married couple! Wp6lgXYgrN4-00147-00045478-00045595 C-c a couple? Wp6lgXYgrN4-00148-00045603-00045870 Wh-wh-why would we sound like a couple? We don’t sound like a couple! Wp6lgXYgrN4-00149-00045879-00046079 We hate each other! We couldn’t be further from a couple! Wp6lgXYgrN4-00150-00046087-00046300 Whoo! That was a close one. Wp6lgXYgrN4-00151-00046308-00046554 - Do you think he knows we’re dating? - He might, which is really bad! Wp6lgXYgrN4-00152-00046563-00046696 Yeah! Wp6lgXYgrN4-00153-00046705-00046896 - Wanna go make out? - Absolutely! Wp6lgXYgrN4-00154-00047009-00047134 Open. Wp6lgXYgrN4-00155-00047234-00047647 Quinn almost blows their cover again when she defends Logan from Lola. Wp6lgXYgrN4-00156-00047656-00047835 - You’re lame. - You’re dumb. Wp6lgXYgrN4-00157-00047843-00047973 Leave him alone! Wp6lgXYgrN4-00158-00048239-00048506 - Why are you defending Logan? - Yeah? Wp6lgXYgrN4-00159-00048515-00048769 Ah… I’m not. Wp6lgXYgrN4-00160-00048815-00048961 Stupid Logan. Wp6lgXYgrN4-00161-00049503-00049933 And Logan almost does the same when he talks about Quinn’s ex, Mark. Wp6lgXYgrN4-00162-00049941-00050196 Mark probably deserved it. Wp6lgXYgrN4-00163-00050204-00050429 - He was your boyfriend. - Well, he’s not anymore! Wp6lgXYgrN4-00164-00050671-00050792 Well, he’s not. Wp6lgXYgrN4-00165-00050800-00050980 But even under all this suspicion, Wp6lgXYgrN4-00166-00050988-00051359 they managed to sneak away for a quiet, romantic dinner. Wp6lgXYgrN4-00167-00051367-00051718 You’re so funny. It must be fun having a rich father. Wp6lgXYgrN4-00168-00051726-00051843 Yeah, well… Wp6lgXYgrN4-00169-00051851-00052027 Well… almost. Wp6lgXYgrN4-00170-00052243-00052556 - What’s wrong? Did you drop a claw? - Don’t look down here! Wp6lgXYgrN4-00171-00052565-00052815 - What’s going on? - Look to your right. Wp6lgXYgrN4-00172-00053119-00053424 - Zoey and James are here! - I know! Wp6lgXYgrN4-00173-00053432-00053574 Why do you think I’m under the table? Wp6lgXYgrN4-00174-00053582-00053774 They’re gonna see us and know we’re dating. Wp6lgXYgrN4-00175-00053782-00054225 In order to keep their relationship a secret, Logan asks Make-out-Mandy Wp6lgXYgrN4-00176-00054233-00054504 to the prom. Which quickly annoys Quinn. Wp6lgXYgrN4-00177-00054512-00054742 How could you ask Mandy Franklin to the prom? Wp6lgXYgrN4-00178-00054750-00054946 You said we should both ask somebody else to the prom Wp6lgXYgrN4-00179-00054954-00055205 - so no one will suspect we’re dating! - Shhh! Wp6lgXYgrN4-00180-00055246-00055630 Yes. But you’re not taking Make-out-Mandy! Go cancel her! Wp6lgXYgrN4-00181-00055639-00055893 Oh come on! I have to get your approval on who I ask? Wp6lgXYgrN4-00182-00055901-00056018 Absolutely! Wp6lgXYgrN4-00183-00056026-00056272 Okay, then you have to get my approval on who you ask! Wp6lgXYgrN4-00184-00056281-00056410 Fine! Wp6lgXYgrN4-00185-00056469-00056623 Logan ends up with Staci Wp6lgXYgrN4-00186-00056631-00056936 and Quinn is stuck taking Zoey’s little brother, Dustin. Wp6lgXYgrN4-00187-00056944-00057190 Which makes them both miserable. Wp6lgXYgrN4-00188-00057228-00057436 Maybe we should’ve just come here together. Wp6lgXYgrN4-00189-00057444-00057620 And let everyone know we like each other? Wp6lgXYgrN4-00190-00057628-00057932 - No, I couldn’t take the abuse we’d get. - Me neither. Wp6lgXYgrN4-00191-00057941-00058187 - Logi come on! - I’m coming! Wp6lgXYgrN4-00192-00058195-00058325 [grunting] Wp6lgXYgrN4-00193-00058433-00058566 Look. Wp6lgXYgrN4-00194-00058575-00058838 I promise. Sometime tonight… Wp6lgXYgrN4-00195-00058846-00059046 we’ll find a way to sneak off and be together. Wp6lgXYgrN4-00196-00059192-00059296 I like you. Wp6lgXYgrN4-00197-00059305-00059763 Later on, Staci tries to make the moves on Logan who quickly pulls away! Wp6lgXYgrN4-00198-00059772-00060093 Finally, revealing that he loves Quinn to the entire school. Wp6lgXYgrN4-00199-00060101-00060368 Why wouldn’t you want to kiss me? My lips are moist. Wp6lgXYgrN4-00200-00060377-00060602 Because I love Quinn! Wp6lgXYgrN4-00201-00060610-00060756 [gasping] Wp6lgXYgrN4-00202-00060944-00061106 Wh-what? Wp6lgXYgrN4-00203-00061115-00061252 You love Quinn? Wp6lgXYgrN4-00204-00061519-00061645 That’s right. Wp6lgXYgrN4-00205-00062625-00062841 I love Quinn Penski! Wp6lgXYgrN4-00206-00063150-00063384 And I love Logan Reese! Wp6lgXYgrN4-00207-00064489-00064923 [crying] Wp6lgXYgrN4-00208-00064931-00065248 We’re you happy Quinn and Logan were able to get past their differences Wp6lgXYgrN4-00209-00065256-00065532 and end up together? Let us know in the comments. Wp6lgXYgrN4-00210-00065540-00065765 So irritating sometimes! Wp6lgXYgrN4-00211-00065811-00066036 - Wanna go make out? - Yes. Wp6lgXYgrN4-00212-00066045-00066270 [laughing] WOBn1IpbPKY-00000-00000121-00000673 enticing you to click. It's about something you're interested in. It might be anti-aging. It might WOBn1IpbPKY-00001-00000673-00001249 be something on brain-boosting, or it might be weight loss related. It's actually something that WOBn1IpbPKY-00002-00001249-00001609 you've been searching for. And you've been wondering about lately, so you click on it WOBn1IpbPKY-00003-00001609-00002201 and it's an offer so good you just can't pass it up. Free product? Just pay for the shipping? Sure. WOBn1IpbPKY-00004-00002297-00002929 Then you get a notification from your credit card company that you've been charged, not the $4.95 WOBn1IpbPKY-00005-00002993-00003769 shipping, but $199. Sound rather unbelievable? Well, believe it, because it happens WOBn1IpbPKY-00006-00003769-00004153 time and time and time again. That's what we're gonna be talking about in this video. WOBn1IpbPKY-00007-00004617-00005097 Hey, there, I'm Neily with Neily on Nutrition providing you with unbiased, relevant health WOBn1IpbPKY-00008-00005097-00005593 and nutrition information, empowering you to make educated, informed decisions. WOBn1IpbPKY-00009-00005697-00006105 Why am I so passionate about this? Because of my own experience with WOBn1IpbPKY-00010-00006105-00006793 supplements starting when I was an adolescent. I spent hundreds, maybe thousands of dollars WOBn1IpbPKY-00011-00006793-00007265 over the years before I decided to go to grad school and study nutrition. WOBn1IpbPKY-00012-00007265-00007809 A few years ago, my mom sent a link with a message. Okay. My personal researcher, WOBn1IpbPKY-00013-00007809-00008353 Ellie's sister sent me this, your thoughts? It was specifically about a supplement, a keto WOBn1IpbPKY-00014-00008353-00008889 supplement. Information I'm going to give you not just something to do with keto supplements, but WOBn1IpbPKY-00015-00008889-00009521 it can be ANY kind of a supplement. Anything that offers a free shipping, for example, or buy two, WOBn1IpbPKY-00016-00009521-00010249 get one free. That's what this video is about. How not to get scammed by a supplement manufacturer. WOBn1IpbPKY-00017-00010249-00010753 Looking at the link that my mom had sent the website and the link was appealing for several WOBn1IpbPKY-00018-00010753-00011265 reasons. It touted an episode of one of my favorite shows Shark Tank? Now my mom and I are WOBn1IpbPKY-00019-00011265-00011785 both fans of Shark Tank, and I definitely would've noticed if something like this had happened. WOBn1IpbPKY-00020-00011785-00012241 Cause I don't think at that time I had ever missed an episode. So what I ended up doing, I ended up WOBn1IpbPKY-00021-00012241-00012841 writing a blog post and I called it the Keto Hoax and Shark Tank. I got so many messages on WOBn1IpbPKY-00022-00012841-00013553 that blog post. I wrote a follow-up to that Warning: Don't get scammed by the keto hoax. WOBn1IpbPKY-00023-00013553-00013985 That was several years ago. I am still getting lots of comments on WOBn1IpbPKY-00024-00013985-00014673 those blog posts. And it's very frustrating to me because I hate when people are taken advantage of. WOBn1IpbPKY-00025-00014753-00015217 There was no keto supplement on Shark Tank, none of the sharks invested in it. And I'll WOBn1IpbPKY-00026-00015217-00015681 show you in a second, the Shark Tank website and what you can look for and check yourself. WOBn1IpbPKY-00027-00015761-00016161 When I was researching for the blog I had written a couple of years ago, I found some, WOBn1IpbPKY-00028-00016161-00016817 some tweets of Mark Cuban. Somebody had asked him, Hey, did you invest in this keto supplement and WOBn1IpbPKY-00029-00016817-00017473 Mark replies it's a scam. If you see anything like that, report them to the FTC. (the Federal Trade WOBn1IpbPKY-00030-00017473-00018041 Commission), And he, he also tweeted we chase them down, but it's like playing whack-a-mole, WOBn1IpbPKY-00031-00018041-00018641 you know, you knock one down and another one pops up in its place. But trying to track that scam WOBn1IpbPKY-00032-00018641-00019161 or hoax down is like nearly impossible. Things you're gonna see, you're gonna seen WOBn1IpbPKY-00033-00019161-00019953 like you know, 100% money back guarantee. It's a free product, you just pay shipping. Quick fix. WOBn1IpbPKY-00034-00019953-00020825 Scientific breakthrough. 100% clinically proven. Limited time only. And my favorite one it's due to WOBn1IpbPKY-00035-00020825-00021273 like increase demand for our offers with free bottles we have a limited supply WOBn1IpbPKY-00036-00021273-00021961 and as of such and such date, we're currently in stock. So and we're ready to ship within 24 hours. WOBn1IpbPKY-00037-00022049-00022713 If you have been scammed, don't feel bad. Please don't feel bad because since these posts, WOBn1IpbPKY-00038-00022713-00023209 I mean these ads pop up time and time and time again. So people are buying into them. It's the WOBn1IpbPKY-00039-00023209-00023817 marketing behind them. You'll also see lots of maybe testimonials and before and after pictures, WOBn1IpbPKY-00040-00023817-00024377 doctors actually played by actors like dress up and in a lab coat. It's easy enough to do. WOBn1IpbPKY-00041-00024457-00024793 But here's what you're going to see if you go to the shark tank website WOBn1IpbPKY-00042-00024857-00025345 and we're just going to scroll down just a little bit and there you have it right there. Shark Tank, WOBn1IpbPKY-00043-00025345-00025913 beware of scammers, claiming to be shark tank products. See the official list of businesses WOBn1IpbPKY-00044-00025913-00026369 that have appeared on the show here. And here, right there. The internet has become WOBn1IpbPKY-00045-00026369-00026881 overrun with advertisements, featuring products, allegedly endorsed by Shark tank or the sharks. WOBn1IpbPKY-00046-00026881-00027377 Many merchants are using the names and images of the show and the sharks and attempted to WOBn1IpbPKY-00047-00027377-00027769 sell their products. Unfortunately, with every new episode comes opportunity for imposters to WOBn1IpbPKY-00048-00027769-00028385 use false information, to explain the unwary. And I'm just going to do a search for keto. WOBn1IpbPKY-00049-00028777-00029105 Nothing comes up for keto. This is on their official list. WOBn1IpbPKY-00050-00029105-00029649 Just anything related to weight loss. So you can check out this list here, nothing, nothing related WOBn1IpbPKY-00051-00029649-00030217 to keto or weight loss or anything. Okay. I'm going to leave some resources for you WOBn1IpbPKY-00052-00030217-00030697 in the description, but make sure that you watch my next video where I will WOBn1IpbPKY-00053-00030697-00031145 dig a little bit deeper. Talk to you a little about some stories that I've heard from people WOBn1IpbPKY-00054-00031145-00031601 and just know that you're not the only one. If you like this information, give me a little, WOBn1IpbPKY-00055-00031601-00032169 give me a thumbs up. Let the algorithm know that you like it. Subscribe comment. And as always, WOBn1IpbPKY-00056-00032169-00032633 thanks for watching Neily on Nutrition and we'll See you in the next video. Take care. WPIdve2ouSc-00000-00000042-00000387 If you watch a football game, something that will happen a few times is an WPIdve2ouSc-00001-00000387-00000805 offensive play called Play Action or a Play Action Pass. WPIdve2ouSc-00002-00000805-00001109 If you're watching the game on TV, you'll undoubtedly hear WPIdve2ouSc-00003-00001109-00001499 the announcers at some point mention this 'Play Action' play. WPIdve2ouSc-00004-00001499-00001805 It sounds complicated, but is actually quite simple. WPIdve2ouSc-00005-00001805-00002241 Play Action is something that the offensive team will do on a passing play WPIdve2ouSc-00006-00002241-00002651 in an attempt to throw off the defense and how they will do that WPIdve2ouSc-00007-00002651-00002972 is to fake a hand off. And that's really all it is WPIdve2ouSc-00008-00002972-00003329 Play Action is just another term for a fake handoff WPIdve2ouSc-00009-00003329-00003689 before the team passes, or at least attemtps to pass the ball. WPIdve2ouSc-00010-00003689-00004148 So the quarterback will receive the snap from center, he will turn around as if it WPIdve2ouSc-00011-00004148-00004241 is a running play, WPIdve2ouSc-00012-00004241-00004637 the running back will move forward, and fake receiving the handoff from WPIdve2ouSc-00013-00004637-00004725 the quarterback WPIdve2ouSc-00014-00004725-00005162 who will instead hang onto the ball and then make that pass attempt to his WPIdve2ouSc-00015-00005162-00005560 wide receiver down the field. The reason the offensive team is doing this WPIdve2ouSc-00016-00005560-00005871 is to throw the defense off for just a half a second WPIdve2ouSc-00017-00005871-00006207 because if the defensive backs see the hand off WPIdve2ouSc-00018-00006207-00006647 they'll likely abandon whoever they are covering, and instead run up and try to WPIdve2ouSc-00019-00006647-00006686 tackle the WPIdve2ouSc-00020-00006686-00007127 running back, but with the Play Action half a second is all the offense will WPIdve2ouSc-00021-00007127-00007347 need to get that wide receiver WPIdve2ouSc-00022-00007347-00007581 a little space he needs to make the catch. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00000-00000349-00000691 We are DiEM25, a radical political movement for Europe WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00001-00000708-00001084 and this is another live discussion with our coordinating team WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00002-00001110-00001483 featuring subversive ideas you won't hear anywhere else WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00003-00001488-00001963 and today we're talking about the war between Ukraine and Russia. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00004-00001992-00002364 The last time we took on this topic, the invasion was just a few weeks old WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00005-00002382-00002685 and today tragically, the conflict goes on. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00006-00002706-00003031 We have tens of thousands of deaths on both sides. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00007-00003060-00003438 The EU's economic sanctions against Russia are pushing more people into poverty WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00008-00003468-00003706 in the middle of a cost of living crisis and yet WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00009-00003726-00003960 the war machine is spinning faster, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00010-00003984-00004352 potentially placing NATO and Russia, nuclear-armed Russia WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00011-00004374-00004509 into a direct conflict. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00012-00004530-00004873 Germany, the U.S and the UK recently announced a massive upgrade WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00013-00004896-00005054 in military assistance to Ukraine WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00014-00005058-00005566 sending the country a hundred tanks on top of billions of euros in war aid. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00015-00005533-00005793 Germany's foreign minister admitted for the first time: WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00016-00005808-00005994 "We're fighting a war against Russia". WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00017-00006012-00006361 Why is there so little appetite among our leaders WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00018-00006378-00006538 for negotiations to end the war? WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00019-00006546-00006999 Are weapons the way to peace as the head of NATO recently stated? WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00020-00007014-00007275 What the hell happened to the anti-war Left WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00021-00007290-00007535 over the months that this war has been unfolding? WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00022-00007554-00007898 Are we goading a nuclear-armed nation into a proxy war with the West, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00023-00007920-00008413 while arms makers profit, or is there a greater geopolitical game afoot? WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00024-00008442-00008821 Unpacking all of this and more, we have our own Yanis Varoufakis WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00025-00008826-00009237 freshly back from a trip to Cuba, where he put forward a fresh approach, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00026-00009240-00009560 against militarism for a New Non-Aligned Movement, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00027-00009567-00009810 we'll be looking forward to hearing more about that, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00028-00009814-00010255 as well as our panel of activists and policy people and you, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00029-00010275-00010644 you out there, if you have any thoughts, rants, comments, questions, concerns, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00030-00010647-00010952 please put them in the YouTube chat and we'll get them answered, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00031-00010952-00011063 because this is live. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00032-00011064-00011445 Also, don't forget to hit Like or Subscribe if you're interested WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00033-00011448-00011716 in hearing more about when we're putting out new videos WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00034-00011742-00011962 and just tap the Bell icon to get notified. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00035-00011982-00012285 Okay, let's kick it off, Yanis, the floor is yours. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00036-00012326-00012540 [Yanis] Thank you, Mehran. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00037-00012780-00013299 On 24th February, when Russian troops crossed the border with Ukraine WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00038-00013326-00013950 and Putin launched his hideous Invasion, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00039-00014079-00014754 we were first off the blocks, DIEM25 immediately condemning the invasion WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00040-00014844-00015294 and calling for a peace process that would stipulate WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00041-00015318-00015524 that the Russian troops return to barracks, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00042-00015558-00015786 to the pre 24th February position. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00043-00015876-00016250 Within a few days even, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00044-00016304-00016509 DIEM25 began formulating WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00045-00016530-00017006 what we thought was the right peace plan for ending WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00046-00017040-00017568 but, was always going to become a combination between WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00047-00017784-00018150 the Great War, the First World War, trench warfare and Afghanistan WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00048-00018174-00018331 in the periphery of Europe. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00049-00018342-00018552 We could see that this was coming. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00050-00018810-00019388 Immediately, the answer to your question, Mehran, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00051-00019398-00019816 regarding the Greek Left, -the Greek Left- the European Left WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00052-00019824-00020158 and the European peace movement came. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00053-00020250-00020593 It was destroyed by the war in Ukraine. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00054-00020658-00020966 Comrades of ours that we ran together WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00055-00020970-00021206 in the European Parliament elections in 2019, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00056-00021228-00021695 and I'm here referring to the small left-wing party in Poland, Razem WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00057-00021702-00022059 denounced me personally, denounced DIEM25 WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00058-00022080-00022519 as being Putin's handmaidens only because we dare to call for WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00059-00022554-00022796 an end to the war and a peace process. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00060-00022896-00023249 In a sense, the war in Ukraine is doing to the Left WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00061-00023274-00023742 what the First World War did to the Left back then, in 1911. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00062-00023820-00024160 You will recall that the German Left was destroyed WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00063-00024252-00024585 as a result of the division between the Left that became gung-ho WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00064-00024618-00025142 and wanted to join the war effort of the Russian government WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00065-00025158-00025458 and the Left that turned against the war. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00066-00025710-00025914 Coming back to our times: WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00067-00026016-00026542 soon after the beginning of the war, in February, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00068-00026562-00027278 DIEM25 put out a very detailed, and this idea of a peace plan WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00069-00027306-00027995 that we think would be an appropriate resolution for the conflict. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00070-00028026-00028560 We actually had internal debates within DiEM25 and in the end, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00071-00028566-00029223 we voted at the pan-European level, like we do when it comes to big issues WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00072-00029346-00029502 in favor of this peace plan. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00073-00029718-00030276 The peace plan, just briefly for those who are watching, who don't know WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00074-00030288-00030756 what it is, is based on some very basic principles: WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00075-00030811-00031082 First, the return of the Russian troops to where they were WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00076-00031086-00031304 on the 24th of February, that is a given. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00077-00031308-00031458 Secondly, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00078-00031782-00032142 a peace treaty under the auspices of the United Nations WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00079-00032202-00032723 that guarantees the neutrality - not disarmenment - WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00080-00032781-00032946 neutrality of Ukraine, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00081-00033146-00033478 gives guarantees to Russia of that neutrality WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00082-00033498-00033810 and guarantees to Ukraine of Russian WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00083-00033954-00034656 non-incursion of the 24th of February, 2022 boarders, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00084-00035061-00035881 a process of civilizing, I should say, the contested areas in Donbas, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00085-00035958-00036644 where we know that they're been massacres well before 2022, before even 2014. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00086-00036660-00037085 There've been massacres of Russian speakers by Ukrainian speakers, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00087-00037110-00037484 massacres of Ukrainian speakers by Russian speakers, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00088-00037506-00038084 a quagmire which, to me at least, resembles to a very large extent, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00089-00038090-00038249 the troubles in Northern Ireland. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00090-00038253-00038753 This is why DiEM25 proposed a Good Friday-likeagreement, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00091-00038777-00039013 an agreement similar to that WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00092-00039018-00039312 which led to the peace process in Northern Ireland WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00093-00039372-00039791 based on joint sovereignty, on de facto joint sovereignty. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00094-00039816-00040063 Remember in Northern Ireland, both Dublin and London WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00095-00040084-00040282 have sovereignty over the peace process, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00096-00040284-00040762 and both communities have veto powers and in every Ministry there are WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00097-00040794-00041133 representatives of both communities and each has veto power. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00098-00041148-00041862 That kind of solution was envisaged by DIEM25 regarding the Donbass area. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00099-00042192-00043454 It was, I believe, the most palatable peace process proposed by anyone, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00100-00043512-00043684 the one by DIEM25. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00101-00043746-00044545 In May, Jeremy Corbyn, Ece Temelkuran and myself on behalf of DIEM25, MERA25, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00102-00044553-00044952 and Progressive International issued The Athens Declaration, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00103-00044958-00045682 in which we called for a peace process like the one that DIEM25 proposed, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00104-00045708-00046178 but, moreover, and very importantly, for a new, non-aligned movement WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00105-00046200-00046667 that will steer a clear path away from the military blocks WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00106-00046686-00047346 that are strengthening and which the Ukraine war is reinforcing. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00107-00047580-00047712 More recently comrades, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00108-00047720-00048317 and this is news that's hot off the presses so to speak. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00109-00048414-00048950 I was in Mexico City, Danae and I were in Mexico City WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00110-00048954-00049704 and I had the honor and the privilege to be discussing a number of issues, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00111-00049644-00049924 including the war in Ukraine, with the president of Mexico, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00112-00049982-00050586 Andrés Manuel López Obrador and the Foreign Minister, Marcelo. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00113-00050754-00051018 I outlined DIEM25's position. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00114-00051126-00051432 I actually said that it is not enough for countries like Mexico WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00115-00051492-00051698 to simply call for a peace process. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00116-00051744-00052088 I said to the government representatives, to the president WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00117-00052098-00052555 and to the foreign minister that I met, that my view, at least personally, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00118-00052572-00053206 is that a country like Mexico is a substantial, significant country WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00119-00053214-00053689 that happens to also play a prominent role WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00120-00053696-00054168 in the G77, that large grouping of countries of the Global South, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00121-00054228-00054935 should not simply exhaust itself by proposing some peace process, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00122-00054960-00055338 but it should outline what kind of peace agreement WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00123-00055428-00055846 it envisages in order to speed up WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00124-00056196-00056466 the process that leads to a peace process. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00125-00056592-00057368 The foreign minister asked me for a written version of the DIEM25 Proposal. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00126-00057390-00057906 I explained it to him verbally and I gave it to him in written form WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00127-00057960-00058762 and he declared his interest in this and possibly an intent WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00128-00058859-00059230 to work on this proposal and put it forward to WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00129-00059240-00059453 the Security Council of the United Nations. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00130-00059976-00060706 It is clear that the war in Ukraine has changed the world in a way that WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00131-00060905-00061273 there's absolutely no doubt WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00132-00061492-00061688 the world will never be the same. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00133-00061824-00062274 There were forces at work before Ukraine changing the world, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00134-00062328-00062550 but the war in Ukraine sped them up. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00135-00062790-00063475 You will recall that back in 2020, just before he gave up the White House, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00136-00063492-00063808 Donald Trump had already started a cold war with China. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00137-00063858-00064362 It had begun with Huawei, the imprisonment of WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00138-00064500-00065182 one of the top scientists of Huawei in Canada, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00139-00065196-00065696 with the ban of Huawei and 5G networks produced by Huawei, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00140-00065742-00065930 both in the United States and in Europe, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00141-00065971-00066651 the cutting off Android software on Huawei, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00142-00066709-00067032 similar moves against another company called ZTE, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00143-00067104-00067731 and the attempt of the Donald Trump administration to nationalize, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00144-00067746-00067950 Americanise TikTok. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00145-00068094-00068478 These were the first skirmishes in a new cold war. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00146-00068562-00068870 Biden came in and instead of WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00147-00068958-00069516 turning back the process leading to this new Cold War, he accelerated, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00148-00069522-00069760 he actually, absolutely, turbo chargeed this. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00149-00069768-00070327 Last October, President Biden declared total economic warfare against China, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00150-00070332-00070729 total economic warfare, because the microchip ban WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00151-00070776-00071232 was a message to China telling the Chinese Communist Party, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00152-00071238-00071355 the Chinese government: WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00153-00071361-00071607 You will not be allowed to have an advanced economy, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00154-00071628-00071970 a technologically advanced economy that is total economic welfare. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00155-00072252-00072862 What makes this very interesting is that China is the only country WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00156-00072876-00073309 that has developed, a Big Tech of its own, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00157-00073392-00073709 which is not just competitive with American Big Tech, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00158-00073722-00074046 but it is far advanced compared to American Big Tech. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00159-00074232-00074761 Tencent, Alibaba, WeChat, have capacities that Silicon Valley doesn't have, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00160-00074778-00075232 especially when you combine them with the digital currency of the WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00161-00075240-00075938 Central Bank of China and the very high degree of integration WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00162-00075960-00076440 of digital services when it comes to data and money transfers. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00163-00076573-00077238 In a sense, China now has a capacity to outcompete against both WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00164-00077254-00077422 Silicon Valley and Wall Street, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00165-00077490-00077930 to create an alternative to the dollar payment system that is WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00166-00077964-00078414 highly digitized and cloud-based, and what I call Cloud Capital based. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00167-00078660-00079225 In my estimation, those two things, these these two developments, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00168-00079242-00079542 on the one hand, the war in Ukraine and on the other hand, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00169-00079606-00080032 the related declaration of total economic warfare WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00170-00080051-00080541 by the United States government against China are changing the world. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00171-00080568-00081046 The world is dividing into two zones: a dollar zone and the digital yuan zone. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00172-00081449-00082018 The war in Ukraine ensures that increasing quantities of global money WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00173-00082032-00082540 will be flowing through the circuits of the digital yuan. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00174-00082818-00083500 The result is going to be a new Cold War, which you already have WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00175-00083785-00084282 that will take the form of hot wars locally, as in Ukraine. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00176-00084318-00084633 I very much fear that we're going to see other hot wars, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00177-00084696-00085032 maybe already one is brewing between Israel and Iran, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00178-00085147-00085686 and everybody is worried about Taiwan and the South China Sea. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00179-00085848-00086328 This is why we so desperately need a new, non-aligned movement. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00180-00086394-00086724 Why last May’s Athens Declaration was so prophetic WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00181-00086778-00087186 and why some of us have been, through The Progressive International WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00182-00087192-00087719 and through DiEM25, and have been working so fast and so hard WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00183-00087738-00088150 in order to bring into this coalition of the willing WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00184-00088171-00088398 to create a new non aligned movement with a view WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00185-00088410-00088598 to a new international economic order WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00186-00088602-00089083 that surpasses and undermines this bifurcation of the world WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00187-00089094-00089515 into two competing zones, the dollar zone, the yuan zone. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00188-00089544-00089700 it's not going to be easy. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00189-00089751-00089926 We failed the first time around. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00190-00089928-00090315 The first non-aligned movement was defeated by Neo-Imperialism WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00191-00090348-00090598 and by American hegemony. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00192-00090624-00091206 The next New Non-aligned Movement must avoid the mistakes of the past. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00193-00091278-00091530 We must avoid particularly two mistakes. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00194-00091536-00091993 I made that point in Cuba, in Havana, when I gave a speech a few weeks ago WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00195-00092010-00092244 or a couple of weeks ago, I'll make it again now. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00196-00092400-00092762 These two mistakes: First, the mistake of thinking that WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00197-00092770-00093129 this is a clash between the Global North and the global South. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00198-00093150-00093583 That the good people of the Global South will band together and WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00199-00093745-00094145 somehow persuade the bad people, the bad governments WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00200-00094156-00094602 of the Global North to share power, to WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00201-00094932-00095142 turn the clock back on the new Cold War. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00202-00095256-00095388 This is a big mistake. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00203-00095508-00095634 We lost the first... WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00204-00095718-00096270 the cold war was won by American hegemony and neoliberalism, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00205-00096414-00096771 not because so much of the power of the American government WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00206-00096786-00097160 of European governments, vis-a-vis the Global South, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00207-00097182-00097632 but because most ruling classes in the Global South WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00208-00097692-00098040 were in cahoots with American rentier capitalism, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00209-00098214-00098705 the elites, the ruling classes, the bourgeoisie of Nigeria, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00210-00098724-00099255 of China, of India, of Greece, of Italy, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00211-00099270-00100182 they have all profited enormously by extracting surplus labor WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00212-00100236-00100623 and surplus value from their own people and transferring it to WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00213-00100631-00101061 American rentier capitalism through Wall Street and the city of London, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00214-00101082-00101622 where they invested in real estate derivatives and other assets. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00215-00101769-00102192 Unless our New Non-Aligned Movement takes into consideration WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00216-00102213-00102540 what is happening within our countries, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00217-00102636-00103194 the class struggle within our countries, we are going to fail again. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00218-00103224-00103905 The second mistake is to imagine that it is sensible, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00219-00103920-00104258 not just morally justified but, sensible, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00220-00104368-00104677 to assume that: the enemy of my enemy is my friend. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00221-00104922-00105791 In Cuba, I spoke in favor of a dialectical attitude towards those WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00222-00105822-00106092 who are opposing American hegemony. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00223-00106158-00106844 Take Iran: Iran is encircled by American hegemonic power, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00224-00106990-00107319 the CIA, the Pentagon, the American Army, the State Department, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00225-00107328-00107618 are trying to overthrow the Iranian regime WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00226-00107652-00108113 in order to install an American puppet government like they do worldwide. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00227-00108188-00108590 That is a reason to defend Iran from American imperialism. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00228-00108642-00109248 It is not a reason to give the Iranian theocratic fascists a free pass WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00229-00109308-00109624 to steamroll over our comrades in Iran. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00230-00109680-00110038 This is a dialectical position that the New Non-aligned Movement WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00231-00110052-00110232 must take in relation to itself: WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00232-00110322-00111134 defend regimes that are autocratic against US imperialism, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00233-00111162-00111610 but also support our comrades in those regimes that want to WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00234-00111616-00111811 overthrow the autocratic regimes. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00235-00111876-00112122 These are the two mistakes that we made in the past, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00236-00112134-00112284 which we must never make again. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00237-00112368-00112668 Ukraine is a hideous war. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00238-00112752-00113082 It is however, far more significant in the sense WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00239-00113112-00113508 that it is accelerating this conflict at a global level. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00240-00113586-00114108 The new cold war that only a New Non-Aligned Movement can confront. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00241-00114380-00114517 [Mehran] Thank you Yanis. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00242-00114540-00114804 Erik, Erik Edman our political director. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00243-00115056-00115161 [Erik] Cheers, Mehran. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00244-00115272-00115672 As expected, Yanis covered just about everything I wanted to say WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00245-00115698-00116190 on the geopolitical level, so instead I'll just focus a bit more WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00246-00116375-00116651 on the struggle that we're facing within our own societies. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00247-00116652-00117240 So the division that we're seeing within Europe - let's say specifically. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00248-00117360-00117658 During the summer, I was reading this very interesting paper WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00249-00117672-00118020 by an organization called European Council on Foreign Relations WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00250-00118092-00118497 and they identified an ideological split WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00251-00118536-00118770 that was already then happening in Europe, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00252-00118860-00119178 between two camps: on the one hand, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00253-00119250-00119679 people who are promoting and fighting and struggling WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00254-00119688-00120060 and setting as their goal, peace WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00255-00120150-00120503 and those who set the final goal as justice. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00256-00120606-00120861 Nobody really sees themselves as the bad guy WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00257-00120865-00121068 in any kind of political conversation WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00258-00121074-00121586 I think, even fascists probably don't see the inherent evil in their views. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00259-00121590-00121955 They all argue their positions around certain values. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00260-00121980-00122562 And this split between justice and peace, I think, is very problematic WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00261-00122640-00122809 for the pro-peace position. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00262-00122886-00123236 On the one hand of this spectrum, you've got countries WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00263-00123238-00123571 like Germany and Italy who are positioning themselves pro-peace WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00264-00123573-00123759 - as societies, not their governments - WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00265-00123765-00124058 mind you, I'm talking now about the tendencies within society. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00266-00124090-00124293 And then on the other side of the spectrum WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00267-00124296-00124591 really far on the other end of the spectrum, you've got, Poland WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00268-00124602-00124794 and countries of the Baltic. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00269-00124974-00125362 In all of these countries, the peace camp is the biggest camp, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00270-00125376-00125630 is the majority of the population, apart from Poland, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00271-00125640-00125976 it's the only country in Europe where that is not the case. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00272-00126090-00126372 However, the pendulum swings a bit in the other direction WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00273-00126423-00126733 in the countries where the discussion has been about joining NATO, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00274-00126744-00127142 so Sweden, Finland, are countries who see this as a more existential crisis, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00275-00127164-00127318 also to their own sovereignty. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00276-00127410-00127886 But, what I want to focus on is this division between justice and peace, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00277-00127926-00128364 because when the debate is framed along these lines, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00278-00128544-00128928 it makes peace sound cynical, that's problematic. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00279-00129192-00129577 To define it better by the way, those on the peace camp say that WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00280-00129606-00129997 the number one priority needs to be to have peace in Ukraine WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00281-00130026-00130404 and those on the justice camp say that there can only be peace WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00282-00130506-00130752 if we have justice, so the war can only end WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00283-00130824-00131100 if Ukraine can win the war. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00284-00131220-00131728 And keep in mind now that we come out of the heels of social movements WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00285-00131748-00132159 such as Black Lives Matter and so on, where especially young people WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00286-00132174-00132418 - who've been recently politicized - if you like, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00287-00132522-00133218 were going to the streets with slogans such as: No justice, no peace. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00288-00133270-00133771 So, I think what is going on is this ideological understanding WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00289-00133782-00133969 is being applied on the war in Ukraine, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00290-00133980-00134377 where Ukraine is seen as the underdog, they're seen as the victim, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00291-00134391-00134797 - which they are in both cases - and therefore one cannot WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00292-00134814-00135261 in any way allow for the perpetrator of this crime, in this case Russia, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00293-00135282-00135496 to win anything out of the situation WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00294-00135516-00136217 and there cannot be any peace or justice on the side of a bully. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00295-00136302-00136768 So, what this means is that this polarization WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00296-00136854-00137380 is creating a kind of new political situation in Europe WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00297-00137400-00138121 where you see weird phenomena such as the Greens in Germany WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00298-00138144-00138602 being something like 70 percent in favor of sending more weapons WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00299-00138738-00139374 to Ukraine with a voter base that is predominantly young, urban, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00300-00139458-00139801 also women supporting this kind of position and then, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00301-00139808-00140098 on the other end of the spectrum in Germany, you have the AFD, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00302-00140100-00140420 - the far right - who have produced some of the best WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00303-00140454-00141188 anti-war speeches that the Bundestag has seen in recent months, you know, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00304-00141210-00141754 regardless of their abhorrent political ideology on other matters. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00305-00141840-00142174 So the situation has shifted, the political debate shifted WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00306-00142206-00142506 and the audience isn't as clear-cut WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00307-00142515-00142747 as it used to be on matters of war and peace. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00308-00142764-00143180 You've got these new cleavages and different groups, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00309-00143208-00143382 sort of overlapping with each other. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00310-00143442-00144037 So, in order to properly tackle this situation and for us to speak WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00311-00144066-00144432 to a broader audience rather than we're currently speaking with WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00312-00144436-00144789 the pro-peace message, I think it's very important for us WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00313-00144793-00145153 to start discussing how peace also means justice WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00314-00145182-00145606 for Ukrainians and for the broader region, it's not just about peace. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00315-00145632-00145967 It's that by promoting NATO in the interest of the United States, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00316-00145974-00146275 one has never seen justice anywhere in the world. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00317-00146281-00146778 Look at Yugoslavia, look at Libya, look at Iraq and the list goes on. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00318-00146843-00147072 Where can we see justice in any of those places? WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00319-00147090-00147423 It's not just about peace, we don't see peace either - yes granted - WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00320-00147456-00147609 but we also don't see justice. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00321-00147636-00148054 So, this idea that one can have justice through war, I think WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00322-00148065-00148464 that is the part of the message that we should be focusing a bit more on WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00323-00148518-00148962 and expanding more on, rather than just framing it along the terms of peace. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00324-00149109-00149397 [Mehran] Thanks for that Erik, interesting distinction there, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00325-00149406-00149957 and it's certainly in line with the way that the Left seems to be going, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00326-00149960-00150178 large parts of the Left seems to be going where WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00327-00150180-00150534 everything is sort of moralized, irrespective of the outcome WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00328-00150540-00150705 and that would explain, perhaps WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00329-00150708-00151278 why justice is being put before peace in these kinds of debates. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00330-00151380-00151813 Incidentally though, just a statistic that I saw, I'm not sure WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00331-00151818-00152288 exactly where it's from but 40% of people polled in Germany WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00332-00152304-00152760 said they would like to end the war with negotiations rather than WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00333-00152766-00153106 for Ukraine to win, but they don't feel comfortable speaking about it. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00334-00153126-00153499 So, there may be that challenge as well, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00335-00153505-00153763 and perhaps we can also address this later in this call WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00336-00153768-00154134 of how there are certain taboos now around the idea of WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00337-00154176-00154453 a diplomatic end to the war, when you should be out there WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00338-00154464-00154974 cheering for Ukraine to vanquish Russia. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00339-00155082-00155668 Julia, Julia Moore, who also spent some time in the former Soviet Union, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00340-00155682-00155816 what's your take? WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00341-00155897-00156373 [Julia] Yeah interesting, I did and very much what I'm about to say WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00342-00156377-00156533 is framed with that experience. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00343-00156540-00156844 I was extremely lucky to be on an NGO project WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00344-00157032-00157396 just as the great transformation - whatever we want to call it - WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00345-00157422-00157880 in the early early 90s and therefore, what I'm about to say, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00346-00157908-00158179 with the current situation, we're discussing is very much WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00347-00158190-00158536 has taken me back to that time and also when I was teaching WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00348-00158574-00158812 international students in the UK WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00349-00158937-00159288 at the time of the Crimean annexation in 2014, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00350-00159300-00159614 when a delegation of students came to me WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00351-00159654-00159901 - both Russian and Ukrainian - WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00352-00159966-00160383 and asked if they could do a presentation, a spontaneous presentation WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00353-00160391-00160776 to the rest of their year group as a political protest WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00354-00160830-00161330 as to what was going on, so it was very much a real-time reaction WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00355-00161358-00161901 and I completely supported it, I very quickly ran it by the authorities, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00356-00161904-00162178 but quite frankly was going to do it subversively anyway, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00357-00162185-00162546 but the authorities of the University was very supportive as well. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00358-00162551-00162940 That was very emotional, very moving. However, before we forget WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00359-00162948-00163272 the points that Erik just made, because I want to focus on something WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00360-00163386-00163903 that Erik has said and to bring this down to one humanitarian point WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00361-00163908-00164094 which I think is fascinating. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00362-00164130-00164443 I live between two camps between the UK and France WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00363-00164460-00165025 and the refugee handling process of the Ukrainian refugees WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00364-00165042-00165426 have been extremely interesting by comparison between France and the UK. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00365-00165576-00165874 With the point that Erik's just made about politicization WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00366-00165882-00166023 and how people are. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00367-00166086-00166282 When you think of the world that we're in WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00368-00166290-00166703 with social media, with platforms with mainstream media, do we trust, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00369-00166740-00167252 would you want to trust a Guardian headline, or do you read The Canary WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00370-00167268-00167674 or Le Canard enchainé, if you're in France? WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00371-00167706-00167908 What do you read? What do you understand? WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00372-00167910-00168122 Where are you getting your resources from? WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00373-00168140-00168530 Well, what is happening on the ground here in the Côte d'Azure, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00374-00168540-00168842 the Côte d'Azure, of course, which has benefited historically WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00375-00168846-00169222 from Russian wealth enormously. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00376-00169230-00169590 For anybody who knows the area that beautiful Russian Church WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00377-00169650-00169836 not far from the Promenade des Anglais. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00378-00169866-00170282 Big money in this part of the world on Côte d'Azure, so an equivocation WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00379-00170310-00170648 as to: do you bite the hand that feeds you. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00380-00170670-00171067 But the Ukrainian resettlement program in this region WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00381-00171096-00171666 has been noteworthy and the dissemination from the people WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00382-00171684-00172132 who we've dealt with and we're helping, who have conducted themselves WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00383-00172140-00172650 with great dignity, has had a remarkable effect on the politicization WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00384-00172757-00172993 not only their French hosts, but the communities WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00385-00172999-00173216 who have welcomed them, the hairdressers, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00386-00173232-00173416 the job resettlement programs, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00387-00173419-00173827 the schools which very quickly took in Ukrainian children WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00388-00173838-00174515 and provided language support from the get-go has, I think, been, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00389-00174540-00174751 I think, it's worthy of a research project, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00390-00174762-00175075 because it's been an element of politicization for people WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00391-00175092-00175412 who would normally say as Mehran has just said: WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00392-00175513-00175878 We don't quite know how to articulate ourselves on this issue. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00393-00175896-00176186 We don't know how to formulate and how to structure WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00394-00176214-00176658 what we feel about a negotiated settlement or up the ante of war. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00395-00176785-00177108 And unfortunately, the experience has not been the same in the UK, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00396-00177114-00177433 the settlement program hasn't been handled in anywhere near the way WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00397-00177438-00177709 that it seems to be very successful in France. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00398-00177715-00177903 I can only speak from the Côte d'Azure, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00399-00177999-00178228 and it's not been quite successful in the UK. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00400-00178242-00178597 However, anecdotally, those people who have come into contact WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00401-00178608-00178863 with Ukrainian refugees and heard their story WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00402-00178878-00179285 incorporating their storytelling into education programs, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00403-00179310-00179697 giving them a platform, helping them with exhibitions WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00404-00179724-00180339 I would argue, is an amazing, real-life experience that we have WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00405-00180354-00181033 in dissemination of the Realpolitik and how we support and how we learn WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00406-00181062-00181530 and that's taking really, Erik's point about young people WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00407-00181536-00181826 being politicized in a different way and seeing the difference WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00408-00181829-00181992 between peace and justice. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00409-00182075-00182310 and I would say from a DiEM point of view, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00410-00182322-00182654 looking at refugees and resettlement programs, could be something WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00411-00182662-00182933 that we could watch and report on, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00412-00182958-00183318 because I think it's pertinent for this particular topic. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00413-00183421-00183590 [Mehran] Thanks for that, Julia. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00414-00183672-00183843 A couple of comments from the chat: WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00415-00184008-00184327 Oliver says, well no sorry, Nambo says WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00416-00184344-00184665 with regard to the split in the left that Erik was talking about: WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00417-00184716-00185003 'But a lot of right-leaning Libertarians etc. agree with me WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00418-00185034-00185164 more than a lot of Lefties WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00419-00185172-00185500 and I have no problem working or talking with them on common goals.' WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00420-00185526-00185783 I assume that Nambo is also on the left. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00421-00185851-00186169 And Romeo says, no, not Romeo, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00422-00186177-00186466 sorry, I'm misreading, Marino, got that right: WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00423-00186486-00187068 'We are anti-war, that's why we want the Russian troops out of Ukraine.' WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00424-00187200-00187866 Okay, Johannes, Johannes Fehr from Germany. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00425-00187920-00188407 What's the take on the ground in Germany, give us the pulse. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00426-00188549-00188925 [Johannes] Thanks, I think there's definitely no easy answer to that. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00427-00188946-00189522 I can definitely also report in the difficulty to even speak about this topic WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00428-00189564-00189884 and there was, in the recent week a huge media campaign WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00429-00189906-00190685 for, in favor of weapon deliveries, and everyone who was not in favor WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00430-00190698-00191304 and having arguments against that and seeing the delivery of tanks, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00431-00191334-00191861 especially now, as a step in escalating the war, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00432-00191874-00192054 - which is also my personal opinion - WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00433-00192102-00192678 and I think it is difficult to speak publicly, if you have that position, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00434-00192756-00193217 in, I'm not sure if every country, but for certain, my country. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00435-00193236-00193920 I think if we zoom out and have this goal, which I think we should have WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00436-00193938-00194532 about peace and also justice, of course, because I think in war times, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00437-00194652-00195060 I think it's difficult to imagine a just war, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00438-00195174-00195502 I think that doesn't really exist. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00439-00195522-00195942 Because war means lots of people are dying and that's WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00440-00196002-00196457 the worst, one of the worst things that can happen in any case. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00441-00196532-00197210 Plus, I think in a global situation where we are facing the climate crisis, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00442-00197322-00197748 and worse things could be coming, I think we all should try to WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00443-00197892-00198346 put our utmost to work towards diplomacy and a lasting peace WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00444-00198360-00198751 so that we can actually face all the other big problems WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00445-00198759-00199443 that we are facing as a humanity on this planet and I think also that WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00446-00199553-00200046 - this is an information I'm having from an interesting German book WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00447-00200070-00200526 from the author Maurice Höfgen, who is writing about the New Economic War WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00448-00200664-00201285 that Putin's government and Putin's regime are actually pretty independent WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00449-00201306-00201962 when it's about continuing to attack Ukraine and to fight this war, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00450-00201990-00202535 and because they have a lot of people in the country WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00451-00202542-00202911 that they can put into their army, they have energy sources on their own WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00452-00202932-00203166 and they have a weapon production. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00453-00203244-00203752 On the other hand, of course, if you want to have some kind of diplomacy, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00454-00203772-00204176 some kind of diplomatic solution, you need to put pressure on other fronts, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00455-00204198-00204734 and I think what hasn't happened, for example, was that in the sanctions WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00456-00204822-00205113 the West, the Western countries, my country, the US WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00457-00205122-00205540 and all the all the Allies, NATO countries and others WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00458-00205602-00206193 have been putting forward sanctions, but most of the world actually hasn't. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00459-00206214-00206574 And if the pressure doesn't come from all sides for negotiations, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00460-00206580-00207054 it will get difficult, and so it would be very, very important for us WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00461-00207062-00207584 to also reach out to countries like China, other Asian countries, African countries WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00462-00207606-00207999 to put pressure together and search for a common solution WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00463-00208008-00208550 like Yanis has said in the beginning, with peace negotiations WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00464-00208554-00208812 with the United Nations. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00465-00208884-00209191 I think also something that, for example, in Germany, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00466-00209220-00209685 rather than delivering more and more weapons to Ukraine, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00467-00209718-00210292 I think that we have tried to put some sanctions on oligarchs on paper, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00468-00210306-00210750 but, for example, the German State is failing since months WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00469-00210756-00211088 to actually find out what WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00470-00211252-00211541 Russian oligarchs in Germany actually possess, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00471-00211560-00211908 because this State, as probably many other States in Europe, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00472-00211935-00212278 is actually protecting kind of not public knowledge of WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00473-00212288-00212659 what the richest of the rich, actually own. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00474-00212742-00212982 And because of the interests of our own oligarchs WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00475-00212988-00213294 who don't want the public to know. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00476-00213304-00213739 And that's a big problem and these proposed sanctions WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00477-00213746-00214208 haven't been actually possible to make a reality, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00478-00214230-00214572 which would be another way to actually put pressure WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00479-00214716-00214886 on the Russian government. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00480-00214967-00215324 And I think there are some other things WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00481-00215336-00215529 that we could actually be talking about: WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00482-00215534-00215875 debt relief for the Ukraine to actually start rebuilding their country WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00483-00215880-00216364 without the need of a lot of private investment and so on and so forth. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00484-00216390-00216992 And I think you can even talk and this is my personal opinion: WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00485-00217032-00217239 about certain weapon deliveries. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00486-00217455-00217985 I think, my mom, for example, who's living in the German countryside, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00487-00217992-00218451 and we have taken on a lot of refugees from Ukraine WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00488-00218478-00218903 that have been fleeing the war, so she was involved in actually helping WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00489-00218928-00219169 some of the many people that had to flee, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00490-00219186-00219781 and some went back to Ukraine already and when they kept in touch WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00491-00219804-00220220 and when she asked them what they would wish for last Christmas WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00492-00220230-00220398 for them to send over, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00493-00220566-00221076 they actually asked - a little bit ironically - but they asked, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00494-00221083-00221356 because it's not really something that my mom can deliver, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00495-00221358-00221550 but they asked for an air defense system, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00496-00221556-00221839 because the Ukraine population is WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00497-00222009-00222446 in fear of Russian airstrikes, and this is a war-crime WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00498-00222453-00222924 that Putin has been doing in the last months in Ukraine. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00499-00222990-00223566 So, I think something like that, this is something I think WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00500-00223573-00224082 you can actually talk about, other things like helmets and so on as well. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00501-00224196-00224644 But, for example, if it comes to tanks and I think we all need to kind of WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00502-00224652-00224990 see where does it end, you know, because now the next thing WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00503-00225000-00225501 that immediately, the Ukraine government has been asking for, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00504-00225528-00225726 is jets, fighter jets. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00505-00225732-00226089 And then there's rockets, then at some point there might be troops. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00506-00226116-00226587 So there there has to be a line somewhere and I think definitely WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00507-00226602-00227136 tanks are an offensive weapon that could do more harm WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00508-00227172-00227564 than it actually can help bringing peace. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00509-00227660-00228291 I think, I take on what Erik has been saying WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00510-00228295-00228693 that we could, should actually talk about peace WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00511-00228719-00229134 also being justice and justice only can be served in peace times. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00512-00229154-00229253 Thanks. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00513-00229346-00229516 [Mehran] Thanks for that, Johannes. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00514-00229518-00229785 Could I ask you, - in relation to what Eric said - WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00515-00229794-00230121 do you feel comfortable airing these views in Germany? WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00516-00230148-00230700 I mean, if you say these things are you labelled a Putin stooge WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00517-00230736-00231199 or I mean, how is the scope of debate over there? WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00518-00231261-00231612 [Johannes] I think that can definitely very easily happen. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00519-00231649-00232440 I think social media is that place where these things are WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00520-00232506-00232698 voiced the most easy. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00521-00232728-00233044 I think you can definitely easily be put WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00522-00233064-00233558 that label will be put on you and I think it is definitely WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00523-00233568-00234098 this live stream today is definitely a live stream that made me personally WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00524-00234108-00234397 more nervous than others to speak about this topic. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00525-00234456-00234700 [Mehran] Thanks for that, Johannes. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00526-00234792-00235124 A comment from the chat from David: 'Justice must mean justice for WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00527-00235134-00235426 all the people of Ukraine and Russia affected by the conflict. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00528-00235428-00235940 Not some morality play about a bad boy at school, throwing his weight around. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00529-00235940-00236206 What a lot of Western leaders seem to be doing, is pursuing WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00530-00236206-00236454 this vision of moral victory, even if it isn't so great WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00531-00236454-00236720 for the actual Ukrainians on the ground.' WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00532-00236826-00237430 Okay, Andreas, Andreas from Cyprus, Andreas Vou, the floor is yours. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00533-00237521-00237645 [Andreas] Thanks. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00534-00237721-00238213 I just wanted to reiterate what for me, should be almost black and white WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00535-00238236-00238479 in a time of mass confusion. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00536-00238500-00238854 We're a year into this chapter of the conflict WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00537-00238932-00239369 and because in Davos a couple of weeks ago, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00538-00239400-00240043 it seems like we've officially entered Orwellian times when the head of NATO, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00539-00240066-00240488 the organization who has arguably the biggest say in the direction WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00540-00240492-00240840 of this conflict tells us: weapons are the way to peace. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00541-00241077-00241369 It seems like those who haven't yet realized that the aim WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00542-00241373-00241569 isn't to stop this war, but to prolong it, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00543-00241572-00241842 have to wake up to this reality pretty soon, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00544-00241968-00242460 because this gives these leaders consent to do what they've wanted all along. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00545-00242580-00242940 NATO, the military industrial complex and Its tentacles, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00546-00243012-00243296 this is a business opportunity and one that they've been WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00547-00243300-00243534 heavily invested in for decades. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00548-00243714-00244002 This is what we've seen so often in the past: WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00549-00244104-00244422 Iraq, Afghanistan, Libya, Syria, in this century alone, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00550-00244548-00244875 then going back further, you could throw a dart on the map WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00551-00244878-00245166 and a good chance, they've done it there too, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00552-00245232-00245634 and now, we're supposed to believe that this is just an exception WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00553-00245640-00246144 when it isn't, it's the same old tactic, rinsed then repeated WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00554-00246210-00246756 and this is as much an informational war WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00555-00246810-00247368 as it is a physical one on those who, fortunately aren't in the midst of it, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00556-00247417-00247746 because there are certain truths that simply aren't allowed to be said WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00557-00247752-00248173 for some reason, like another brilliant tactic by the war machine WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00558-00248190-00248442 brainwashing division, which is the media WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00559-00248532-00248775 like, you're not allowed to say anymore, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00560-00248859-00249186 A: it is a proxy war when it clearly is. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00561-00249300-00249693 Even the German Prime Minister said that her country is now at war with Russia WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00562-00249726-00250020 like a Freudian slip that they later had to cover up. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00563-00250086-00250704 B: That this war didn't start on February 24th last year. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00564-00250726-00251190 The EU, the US and of course, Russia, have been meddling in Ukraine WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00565-00251214-00251834 for a long time for their own benefit, and this is like another chapter WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00566-00251838-00252498 of this war and as a result, this wasn't some spontaneous, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00567-00252582-00253069 unprovoked, situation as they keep repeating in the media. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00568-00253092-00253602 This word 'unprovoked' is not to be taken lightly. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00569-00253704-00254022 But all these have been cleverly branded as Russian propaganda, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00570-00254148-00254541 but we shouldn't have to self-censor for saying what is evident WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00571-00254586-00254876 just because of those who scream the loudest WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00572-00254916-00255223 on social media and those who are amplified by the powers that be WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00573-00255228-00255624 because it's beneficial to them, not if we actually want peace. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00574-00255762-00256116 Not allowing these simple facts to be said, doesn't help Russia, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00575-00256170-00256602 and it certainly doesn't help Ukrainians who are suffering from this. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00576-00256674-00256963 And lastly, I just wanted to make a point about democracy, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00577-00256974-00257292 because it's the buzzword our leaders in Europe, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00578-00257298-00257815 love to mix in, you know, whenever they're promoting their latest venture. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00579-00258018-00258346 Did the people get to vote on whether billions of their tax money WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00580-00258351-00258546 will be sent to fight an endless war? WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00581-00258576-00258914 Did we have our say on whether there should be peace talks WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00582-00258918-00259070 rather than escalation? WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00583-00259146-00259508 Do all the people in the EU agree that this is the right course of action? WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00584-00259548-00259866 Or what about like the knock-on effect, such as the rising costs WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00585-00259895-00260052 of just about everything. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00586-00260118-00260394 I just have a feeling that if we lived in a true democracy WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00587-00260478-00260706 where we could actually vote on these matters WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00588-00260730-00261210 that the outcome would be very different and that's all for me. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00589-00261308-00261630 [Mehran] Thank you for that, Andreas. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00590-00261636-00262130 And a comment here from Defne: 'We're always told it's the exception WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00591-00262134-00262386 until the next war and then, that's the exception.' WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00592-00262548-00263014 Okay, Dušan, Dušan Pajović from Montenegro. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00593-00263091-00263532 [Dušan] Thanks Mehran, I would like to add to what Eric said, basically WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00594-00263538-00263706 even though he made great points, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00595-00263709-00264127 I would just like to put this further on, because I'm really interested WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00596-00264150-00264387 in this dychotomies on the Left. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00597-00264474-00265111 One part is thinking that Russia is fighting imperialism WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00598-00265128-00265533 and whoever is against the US is good and a friend of ours WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00599-00265554-00265974 and the other part thinks that NATO should be stronger WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00600-00265986-00266166 in order to defeat Russia. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00601-00266268-00266462 I don't agree with either of those. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00602-00266468-00267094 I think both are absurd, at least to me and of course, I'm against war. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00603-00267102-00267620 I mean who in there right sense isn't, but we need to debate complete things WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00604-00267624-00268248 and that's why I love this DiEM proposal that Yanis and everyone else mentioned. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00605-00268350-00268931 Basically, I do believe however, when it comes to these Left reactions, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00606-00268974-00269484 that there are some factions of the Left, as even Slavoj Sizek said, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00607-00269586-00270035 that would love if Russia invaded Ukraine in three days WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00608-00270069-00270564 and then defeated it, then they would have this moral high ground WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00609-00270576-00271018 of condemning Russia while Ukraine is defeated. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00610-00271044-00271530 I think there are a lot of those people basically, and we need WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00611-00271538-00272036 to think about the whole ideology that stands behind this Russian invasion. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00612-00272172-00272502 We are dialectical materialists, but that doesn't mean WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00613-00272574-00273020 ideology doesn't have concrete consequences on people's lives. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00614-00273054-00273434 Just like I don't know to a greater extent of course, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00615-00273450-00273776 Nazi Germany had regarding Jews. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00616-00273804-00274209 So, for example, the Russian government says that: WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00617-00274236-00274449 Ukrainians are false people. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00618-00274545-00274835 They are just Russians that went bad. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00619-00275028-00275486 They are all Nazis and stuff like that and we need to remember WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00620-00275493-00275751 that all of it has, as I said, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00621-00275758-00276061 consequences on the lives of those people. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00622-00276216-00276719 And something else that I think Leftists need to hear, is that the peace process WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00623-00276744-00277062 doesn't mean, or at least, shouldn't mean WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00624-00277087-00277592 that Ukraine just gives parts of its territory, that's not peace. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00625-00277662-00277992 We need both Peace and Justice, as Erik noted. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00626-00277992-00278484 Listen, I'm from Montenegro and I know what the Russian influence looks like, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00627-00278508-00278831 and I know what the NATO influence looks like as well, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00628-00278844-00279450 but, if something bad happens, 'God forbid' quote unquote, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00629-00279456-00279949 I wouldn't be happy if the Leftists just grouped together with the idea WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00630-00279954-00280414 that Montenegro should just surrender and leave their territories WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00631-00280440-00280725 to whoever: Russia, US, you name it. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00632-00280745-00280982 And hear me out on this: WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00633-00281077-00281766 This is my take, that we should be aware that peace and reconciliation WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00634-00281892-00282520 are sometimes just an imperialist concept, where bigger groups WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00635-00282528-00282747 swallow the less powerful ones. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00636-00282774-00283395 It's an international NGO concept that is being abused unfortunately, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00637-00283401-00284092 to a greater extent and due to big funds and resources, of course. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00638-00284118-00284593 Of course, those resources and funds are nowhere near WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00639-00284628-00285079 the war mongering and war resources - that's out of that, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00640-00285108-00285583 but we need to have that on our mind, while we are speaking WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00641-00285589-00285845 about peace and reconciliation as well. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00642-00285849-00286110 And as Erik said, we need to WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00643-00286119-00286800 reclaim those concepts as our own and make peace and reconciliation WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00644-00286872-00287248 one of the elements together with the justice elements. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00645-00287292-00287904 Basically, that's how I see the way forward, it's written in DiEM's plan WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00646-00287922-00288432 and that's what the Left needs to stand behind if you ask me. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00647-00288480-00289069 Also, what I want to mention, which is a bit off topic, but I will be short, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00648-00289074-00289877 that our moral support and at least verbal support goes to people of Turkey and Syria WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00649-00289884-00290376 that are just experiencing the big consequences of earthquake, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00650-00290406-00290965 and it reminds all of us that we have far, far bigger threats WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00651-00290988-00291465 than humans fighting each other and that we should stop the wars WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00652-00291475-00291878 in order to stop that bigger threat called climate change. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00653-00292277-00292910 And finally, as you assume, if you read my pieces or if you heard me before, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00654-00292926-00293320 we need to redirect the war towards towards the green transition, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00655-00293328-00294118 and this day proves to us that that point is very, really valid and necessary WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00656-00294126-00294254 now more than ever. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00657-00294309-00294773 [Mehran] Thank you for that Dušan and hear, hear especially solidarity WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00658-00294784-00295005 with all these people in Turkey and Syria now. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00659-00295194-00295596 Okay, Danae, Danae Stratou, the floor is yours. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00660-00295805-00296119 [Danae] Hello, I'm not sure I have a very good internet connection WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00661-00296124-00296424 that will go on, if not I'll change. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00662-00296526-00296851 So talking from the perspective of the art practitioner, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00663-00296868-00297291 I will change a little bit the analysis that has been going on, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00664-00297306-00297725 which is really very helpful and very accurate I believe. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00665-00297744-00298188 We've learned a lot by listening to everyone, but I would like to say that WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00666-00298242-00298519 from my perspective, in trying to shed light WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00667-00298524-00298775 in a different way on this subject. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00668-00298794-00299158 We have been running for the last two months an open call WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00669-00299172-00299576 through the platform: 'It's time to open the Black Boxes', WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00670-00299745-00300519 and asking people to participate, by sending one word in the era of war: WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00671-00300529-00300880 'What is it that threats you mostly?' WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00672-00300888-00301122 Or: 'What is it that you would like to protect?' WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00673-00301165-00301501 So, I would like to say that we have been running this open call WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00674-00301512-00301663 for the last two months. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00675-00301722-00302162 We had more participations in these two months WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00676-00302166-00302394 than we have had in the last 10 years WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00677-00302471-00302642 that the project has been going on. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00678-00302646-00302951 I mean we have really had a very strong participation this time, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00679-00302958-00303173 and I think this is very important. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00680-00303210-00303414 Basically, we give the opportunity to people WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00681-00303417-00303786 to express their hopes or their fears, and this time the open call WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00682-00303816-00304121 is specifically for this subject in the era of war. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00683-00304140-00304603 We plan to present the results at an event that we're having WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00684-00304692-00305269 in Athens on February 22nd, with the same subject, of course, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00685-00305319-00305780 and I would just like maybe to share with you, just to change the climate, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00686-00305808-00306270 the climate a bit on this, some words that have been coming in the last days. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00687-00306408-00306642 So, give me a second WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00688-00306772-00306954 to get to the results, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00689-00306959-00307212 I just randomly speak there. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00690-00307223-00307523 It's a global open call, so we have in many different languages. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00691-00307542-00308074 I will do it now in English only, just to get a sense of the feeling WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00692-00308079-00308412 of the words that people are thinking of: WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00693-00308430-00309334 'democracy, ignorance, collapse, dignity, empathy, greed, self-extension, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00694-00309411-00310234 diversity, oligarchy, the environment, nuclear war, demographic explosion, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00695-00310298-00311317 biosphere, justice, cynicism, truth, culture, war', WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00696-00311342-00311521 - many times the word 'war' - WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00697-00311570-00312002 'people, children'. I could go on and on and on. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00698-00312006-00312449 I just wanted to give a little bit of the essence of what's going on WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00699-00312453-00313068 what people are thinking, to invite everyone to participate WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00700-00313254-00313573 in the website: opentheblackboxes.org WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00701-00313608-00314093 go to 'Participate' and send us your word so that your voice can be heard WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00702-00314142-00314868 in these very difficult circumstances that, as Defne said very nicely WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00703-00315201-00315450 that this is the most important thing at this moment WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00704-00315456-00315612 but then again the next one is. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00705-00315744-00316124 And what Andreas said before, from Cyprus, I related to that a lot, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00706-00316137-00316344 is that they are not trying to finish this, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00707-00316362-00316597 they are trying to extend it as much as possible. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00708-00316599-00316872 This becomes the new normal, unfortunately. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00709-00316876-00317359 So please, I'm inviting everyone to participate at opentheblackboxes.org WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00710-00317372-00317627 We're waiting for your word, thank you so much. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00711-00317681-00317810 [Mehran] Thank you Danae. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00712-00317817-00318156 There'll be a link in the chat also for that art project. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00713-00318246-00318612 Let's go back to Germany now, Judith, Judith Meyer. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00714-00318830-00318962 [Judith] Yeah, thank you. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00715-00318990-00319446 A lot has been said and I really feel... WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00716-00319488-00319831 I really like Dušan's analysis and also Erik's. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00717-00319974-00320811 The conflict between peace and justice because Erik commented on WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00718-00320824-00321126 the German Greens, I thought I'd say a few more words on that, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00719-00321135-00321320 because it's quite remarkable. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00720-00321324-00321865 As Erik mentioned, the among the Green Party, the German Green Party, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00721-00321872-00322427 70% of members, are in favor of sending more weapons to Ukraine WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00722-00322470-00323085 as opposed to 60% among the CDU, 50% I think among the the SPD. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00723-00323142-00323656 No, yes, the SPD, if I recall correctly, so they are more in favor of this war WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00724-00323662-00324025 than the traditional parties that are generally warhawks. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00725-00324054-00324512 So, that is quite remarkable and I don't think that the WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00726-00324517-00325092 answer is justice, so much as peace, a rather different interpretation of WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00727-00325254-00325939 how to achieve peace, because the German Greens have a large pacifist wing. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00728-00325962-00326186 They don't have so many young people these days, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00729-00326198-00326667 so, I think that it is really the pacifist wing that has been convinced WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00730-00326676-00327480 that in order to have peace, we have to send weapons to Ukraine, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00731-00327714-00327978 or maybe some of them are more instinctive WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00732-00327996-00328424 and they just think: Well, we see these war crimes on TV every night, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00733-00328434-00328768 we have to do something, we feel it's more imperative to do something, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00734-00328776-00329410 to stop this and but also, for people who are thinking in more nuanced ways, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00735-00329430-00329930 I think that the priority is to stop the war crimes from happening, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00736-00329956-00330300 to stop civilians from getting hurt and then there's two ways WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00737-00330302-00330421 of thinking about it. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00738-00330425-00330729 One is, you want to stop the Russians from advancing WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00739-00330734-00330886 or even push them back. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00740-00330888-00331403 Will that result in less civilian deaths than a cease fire right now? WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00741-00331410-00331688 That is really what we're accusing each other of, isn't it? WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00742-00331728-00332241 When we're talking about Ukraine, there is this group where we're saying: WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00743-00332244-00332512 You want war, you listen to NATO propaganda, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00744-00332520-00332763 you're anti-Russia, you're scammongering, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00745-00332790-00332924 you don't care who gets hurt WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00746-00332928-00333300 and then the other group says: You want peace as soon as possible, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00747-00333362-00333577 you're prepared to give concessions to Russia, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00748-00333580-00333840 you don't care who gets hurt, but actually both, both WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00749-00333843-00334060 want the best for civilians I think. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00750-00334068-00334396 The vast majority of people in Europe WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00751-00334410-00334786 are not particularly interested in furthering American control WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00752-00334800-00335063 of Ukraine or whatever is at stake. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00753-00335066-00335488 They are really interested in stopping civilians from getting hurt WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00754-00335502-00336053 and then, what I think the situation calls for, is a much more deep analysis WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00755-00336060-00336428 of how we can ensure this, because, if we're suggesting: WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00756-00336433-00336760 Okay, Russians, we're having a ceacefire right now WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00757-00336762-00337000 and Russia will go back to the original lines, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00758-00337076-00337215 how we're going to do that WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00759-00337268-00337619 given that saying please doesn't seem to have worked, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00760-00337644-00337813 how are we going to achieve that? WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00761-00337818-00338370 How do we have the leverage over everyone to make that happen. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00762-00338478-00338824 Or the other case, if there are concessions in terms of territory, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00763-00338850-00339095 is that better than endless fighting, or is it not? WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00764-00339102-00339752 This also includes the probability of more war crimes that happen WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00765-00339774-00339942 while we're trying to stop Russia. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00766-00339952-00340285 Is it easier to not try to stop them? WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00767-00340293-00340540 What is the probability of war crimes happening as WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00768-00340546-00340696 Ukrainians retake the area? WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00769-00340704-00340994 What about the probability of Russians committing war crimes? WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00770-00341010-00341331 We certainly have different opinions of how probable that is. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00771-00341352-00341683 Some people think that Russians, whenever they take an area, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00772-00341687-00341923 they're going to be absolute butchers WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00773-00341940-00342078 and Ukrainians are not. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00774-00342127-00342366 Certainly the truth is somewhere in the middle, no? WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00775-00342396-00342746 This also has to do with a completely different situation of information WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00776-00342750-00343085 between different countries, also between different media, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00777-00343088-00343228 but mainly between countries. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00778-00343230-00343686 I see completely different way the war is being presented. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00779-00343740-00344034 And then, there's the question: what about a war context WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00780-00344038-00344158 or a peace context? WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00781-00344160-00344551 I think in a peace context, there's certainly going to be less suffering WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00782-00344556-00344707 on the civilian population, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00783-00344712-00345102 even in areas administered by the enemy. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00784-00345174-00345512 And then, of course, you have some people who don't WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00785-00345520-00346104 really care so much about the victims, if they are Russian speaking. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00786-00346164-00346437 But I think it's hopefully not so many people on the Left. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00787-00346452-00346616 But there are people who say: WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00788-00346620-00346887 Okay, Ukrainian war crimes, we don't care so much because WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00789-00346889-00347051 the Russians somehow deserve it. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00790-00347052-00347275 Or, let's do this and that and the other two WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00791-00347304-00347796 to Russians but yeah, sorry, I'm rambling on a bit but, really, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00792-00347850-00348415 my point is that we shouldn't really dismiss the other in this debate, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00793-00348438-00348799 because we see that a lot of Progressives are on the side WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00794-00348803-00349105 of sending weapons to Russia, and I don't think we can just WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00795-00349110-00349545 dismiss them as being NATO stooges or somehow in favor of suffering, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00796-00349548-00349664 because they're not. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00797-00349790-00350068 [Mehran] Thank you for that, Judith. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00798-00350074-00350526 And someone has noted: the split in the Left that you're talking about WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00799-00350526-00350957 is very evident on our YouTube chat right now, where it's just racing by WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00800-00350961-00351363 with different variations on talking points. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00801-00351642-00352146 Defne, Defne Dalkara from Turkey, the floor is yours. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00802-00352182-00352577 [Defne] Hello, sorry, if I will not make so much sense. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00803-00352581-00353078 I didn't sleep so much last night because of the devastating news from Turkey WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00804-00353082-00353281 and our neighbor, Syria. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00805-00353412-00353841 I just want to be almost boringly and predictably, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00806-00353848-00354125 a little vulgarly Marxist here. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00807-00354148-00354710 Is that coming to this divide in the Left, is you know, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00808-00354726-00355272 the ruling intellectual person in every society is also the ruling material force. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00809-00355380-00355782 I think there's this wider problem, especially within the Green Left, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00810-00355896-00356616 to a lesser degree in the social stuff, is that so much of civil society WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00811-00356628-00357329 and what was previously more grassroots/party related WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00812-00357336-00357875 small parties or resistances and understandings of politics WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00813-00357900-00358324 has been actually taken over by NGO culture WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00814-00358392-00358776 and the money behind that sector, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00815-00358836-00359046 and that has been WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00816-00359226-00359788 occupied by a certain type of person who is not bad or good person, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00817-00359796-00360050 it's not a moral question, but their values reflect WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00818-00360117-00360511 the values of the establishment because they have gone through WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00819-00360516-00360990 and grown through the institutions of the establishment. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00820-00361002-00361260 And I think it's important to notice this WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00821-00361344-00361612 and see the contradiction in this WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00822-00361644-00361939 because I think we're always circling back to the same place, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00823-00361968-00362274 because we as the Left, need to be WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00824-00362466-00362726 exploiting the anti-establishment moment, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00825-00362796-00363078 whether it be Ukraine or Brexit or whatever, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00826-00363204-00363857 and we keep on failing to do this because of this contradiction within us. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00827-00363966-00364224 So, I just want to add that. Thank you. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00828-00364416-00364578 [Mehran] Thank you, Defne. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00829-00364698-00364800 Yes, I would agree. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00830-00364808-00365308 My take on this is I think that split is becoming ever clearer. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00831-00365364-00365664 We have the sort of more justice oriented, identity obsessed, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00832-00365718-00366072 moralizing Left and the anti-establishment Left. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00833-00366138-00366638 The latter is very quiet and I think it needs to wake up, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00834-00366654-00366960 but the kinds of nuanced arguments that we've been making here, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00835-00366984-00367458 I wonder if they're going to get the audience that they deserve, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00836-00367506-00367757 because the culture of the moment is not nuanced. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00837-00367764-00368166 It's quick solutions, black and white, sound bites, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00838-00368268-00368490 even more so than 10 - 20 years ago. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00839-00368568-00368773 So, I'm despairing a little here, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00840-00368778-00369228 but let's bring back Yanis to close this, Yanis. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00841-00369468-00370110 [Yanis] If we pit on the one hand, justice and on the other hand, peace, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00842-00370350-00370499 the warmongers will win WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00843-00370626-00370920 because they will barricade themselves behind justice WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00844-00370998-00371160 and they will call us... WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00845-00371280-00371982 They will paint us as kind of Chamberlains appeasing Hitler. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00846-00372084-00372580 Similarly, if we push the line that: WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00847-00372618-00372973 Hang on a second, there are other victims who are not Ukrainians, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00848-00373002-00373272 people starving as a result of food prices WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00849-00373274-00373524 going through the roof in Africa, in Asia. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00850-00373590-00374105 If we pit those against the Ukrainians who are suffering the slings and arrows WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00851-00374115-00374351 of the Russian army, again we will lose. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00852-00374658-00374933 It would be a mistake, it would be a moral failure WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00853-00374940-00375457 on our part and it would be a tactical failure. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00854-00375492-00375974 It will be a moral failure because when it comes to the gist of it, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00855-00375996-00376401 I think that if my country were invaded by whomever, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00856-00376416-00376656 I would want the rest of the world to say: WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00857-00376764-00377178 Fuck peace, let's help them to defend themselves. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00858-00377238-00377499 In the same way, I would say it about the Palestinians, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00859-00377526-00377847 in the same way that we said it during the Vietnam war. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00860-00377874-00378404 We didn't call for peace when the American troops were bombing Saigon. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00861-00378432-00378652 We called for the victory of the Vietcong. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00862-00378684-00378812 At least I did. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00863-00378990-00379220 Similarly, if we say: Oh, we should stop. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00864-00379223-00379584 We should give Ukraine to Putin to stop the war, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00865-00379674-00379920 because people are starving in Africa. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00866-00380022-00380232 This is a disservice to the Africans. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00867-00380406-00380607 We would simply loose WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00868-00380610-00381167 [internet is cutting out] WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00869-00381175-00381465 It's not to say the starving Africans... WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00870-00381472-00381584 [internet again] WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00871-00381594-00381793 ...the escalation of the war WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00872-00381878-00382206 with a view to taking Moscow or toppling Putin WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00873-00382224-00382371 is anything other than crazy. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00874-00382374-00382570 It's just completely and utter madness. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00875-00382626-00382908 My point is that when you have an invasion, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00876-00383081-00383288 you should ask yourselves the question: WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00877-00383292-00383607 Okay, what is truly in the interest of the invaded? WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00878-00383754-00384056 The question of sovereignty and agency WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00879-00384186-00384486 is always thrown at us by the warmongers. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00880-00384498-00384882 They tell us: Oh, you are denying Ukrainian's agency. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00881-00385014-00385437 You seem to believe that you know better than they do, what they want. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00882-00385500-00385792 Well, how do you know what Ukrainians want? WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00883-00385848-00386273 I mean, judging by the Greeks, whom I know quite well WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00884-00386280-00386529 or the Brits who I know very well and the Americans WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00885-00386540-00386775 who I know quite reasonably well, right, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00886-00386856-00387076 there's no such thing as what the Greeks think. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00887-00387078-00387469 We hate each other because we disagree so much with one another. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00888-00387480-00387702 There's no such thing as a national opinion. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00889-00387762-00388073 Similarly, in Ukraine, there are disagreements within Ukraine WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00890-00388134-00388500 and when you have a war that is being fueled by both sides, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00891-00388548-00388969 the actual voice of the Ukrainian is completely lost. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00892-00388973-00389292 We assume that whatever Zelensky says is the view of the Ukrainians. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00893-00389293-00389430 That is a gross mistake, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00894-00389433-00389642 one that the Left should never, ever make. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00895-00389910-00390417 We have every right to try to imagine what Progressive WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00896-00390422-00390541 Ukrainians would want, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00897-00390544-00390846 what the Russian national Ukrainians would want WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00898-00390883-00391130 before we can actually get a chance to talk to them WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00899-00391225-00391788 and to say: Hang on a second, what's truly in the interest of Ukrainians. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00900-00391848-00392177 Well, the war began on the 24th of February. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00901-00392202-00392510 Would it not be in the interest of Ukrainians to go back to WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00902-00392538-00392760 where we were on the 23rd of February? WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00903-00392814-00393001 That makes perfect sense to me. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00904-00393030-00393490 This is why the DIEM25 proposal that the peace treaty should involve WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00905-00393493-00393715 the withdrawal Russian troops to where they were WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00906-00393715-00393950 before the 24th of February, makes so much sense WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00907-00393964-00394121 in the interest of Ukrainians. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00908-00394128-00394321 This is not sacrificing the Ukrainians, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00909-00394332-00394669 saying: Let's go to where we were before the war was WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00910-00394674-00394824 unleashed upon the Ukrainians. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00911-00394826-00395128 Okay, that's pure Ukrainian agency. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00912-00395154-00395443 It's not picking the interest of Ukrainians versus WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00913-00395450-00395625 the interest of the Africans WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00914-00395634-00395802 or Justice versus Peace. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00915-00395808-00396189 It's saying: We need a peace which brings Justice WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00916-00396222-00396605 which takes us back to the day before the 24th of February. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00917-00396630-00396810 Right? That makes perfect sense, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00918-00396819-00397188 and then the question is: Okay so, what I mean in order to achieve WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00919-00397196-00397468 that through a peace process and not through a war WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00920-00397482-00397835 which is never going to give the Ukrainians WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00921-00397938-00398186 this kind of peace which is in their interest. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00922-00398346-00398592 What can we give Putin WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00923-00398712-00399066 to persuade him to do that, theoretically? WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00924-00399132-00399458 Well, neutrality for Ukraine, now, why is it so bad? WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00925-00399480-00399721 Is that a sacrifice for Ukraine? WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00926-00399738-00400013 No, it is in the interest of every country to be neutral. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00927-00400035-00400186 I want my country to be neutral. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00928-00400186-00400348 I want every country to be neutral. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00929-00400348-00400564 Neutral does not mean that... WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00930-00400578-00400902 Not neutral, I mean non-aligned WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00931-00401004-00401358 in the sense that you are not part of a military block. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00932-00401505-00401859 As leftists, we don't want anybody to be part of any bloody military block. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00933-00401874-00402168 So again, this is not a sacrifice of Ukrainian agency WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00934-00402192-00402386 in order to get something for Ukrainians. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00935-00402396-00402762 I believe the DiEM25 position is absolutely correct WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00936-00402990-00403470 and our demonization by the so-called Polish Left or the so-called Latvian Left WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00937-00403488-00403682 just goes to show that they are not Left. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00938-00403686-00404060 They've been completely co-opted by the military industrial complex WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00939-00404076-00404406 of the United States, of their own countries, of NATO. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00940-00404694-00404824 One last thought: WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00941-00405210-00405712 Crimea, Donbas, now we do know WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00942-00405846-00406082 without having a definitive view about it, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00943-00406110-00406260 but we do know WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00944-00406374-00406992 that in 2014, 2015, 2016, there were massacres of Russian speakers WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00945-00407076-00407354 by Ukrainians, and vice versa WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00946-00407388-00407580 of Ukrainians by Russian speakers, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00947-00407700-00408216 so, the question of Crimea, the question of the Donbas: WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00948-00408270-00408756 it is not a simple question of saying: We need to have a border WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00949-00408764-00408928 and push the Russians on one side. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00950-00408942-00409323 This is why again, the DiEM25 proposal makes sense. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00951-00409338-00409641 Regarding Crimea, this is something that happened well before WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00952-00409650-00409992 the 24th of February, 2022 push it to the United Nations, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00953-00410124-00410286 kick it into the long grass. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00954-00410316-00410606 When it comes to Donbas, a Good Friday like agreement, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00955-00410628-00411010 because Northern Ireland is a very good example, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00956-00411054-00411208 a very good example. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00957-00411222-00411667 Is there any doubt that Northern Ireland is occupied by Britain? WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00958-00411690-00411792 None. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00959-00411924-00412123 When Ireland gained its independence, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00960-00412134-00412542 the British used force to carve out WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00961-00412612-00412878 a seperate enclave in the north of Ireland, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00962-00412968-00413241 which they carved out, they drew a line on the map, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00963-00413256-00413591 which was completely arbitrary and imperious line on the map WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00964-00413616-00413835 so that they would have a Protestant majority, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00965-00413856-00414207 a completely artificial Protestant majority in those counties WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00966-00414225-00414351 of Northern Ireland WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00967-00414408-00415022 and for decades, they have been treating their Irish nationalists, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00968-00415068-00415275 the Irish Republicans as scum. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00969-00415308-00415599 They've been denying them basic human rights WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00970-00415614-00415995 in the same way that apartheid denied the black's basic human rights. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00971-00416028-00417003 Okay, so the Sinn Féin side had the right on its side no doubt about that. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00972-00417060-00417509 But, that does not mean that eradicating the Protestant community, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00973-00417516-00417917 that denying the Protestant Community rights to Northern Ireland WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00974-00417942-00418203 was the right thing to do and in the end, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00975-00418233-00418562 Sinn Féin accepted that, in the context of the Good Friday Agreement. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00976-00418572-00418967 Okay, you would not sacrifice the agency of the Irish Nationalists. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00977-00418992-00419271 We did not sacrifice their sovereignty by saying: WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00978-00419304-00419613 Okay, let's have a resolution along the lines of Good Friday. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00979-00419658-00419904 So, the proposal of Good Friday for the Donbas WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00980-00419934-00420672 is not a proposal that is inconsistent at all, with basic principles of justice. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00981-00420708-00421236 This is why I truly believe in the DiEM25 proposal for Ukraine. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00982-00421430-00421635 [Mehran] Thank you Yanis WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00983-00421650-00421935 and we've gone past the top of the hour, WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00984-00421938-00422189 so, I think that will close our discussion for today. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00985-00422190-00422649 Thank you all very much for this enlightening debate on Ukraine. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00986-00422656-00423156 I fear that, I feel we're going to be talking about it still, for some time. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00987-00423210-00423434 Two last quick comments, from Davide: WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00988-00423444-00423807 'Peace is possible, but justice and war affairs simply isn't WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00989-00423828-00424146 unless we have a better world governance model than the UN.' WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00990-00424158-00424488 And a sobering note from Tony on the chat: WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00991-00424554-00424944 'Amidst all the politicking, the death and suffering go on.' WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00992-00425086-00425205 Thank you again. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00993-00425232-00425720 If you'd like to join DiEM25, it's diem25.org/join WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00994-00425766-00426083 and we will see you again two weeks from now WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00995-00426114-00426258 same time, same place. WQ7Oc8IX_qQ-00996-00426276-00426414 Good luck and stay safe. WSzSN_r-g9Y-00000-00000000-00000358 All autonomous retrotransposons share the WSzSN_r-g9Y-00001-00000358-00000479 following features... WSzSN_r-g9Y-00002-00000480-00000876 They have a promoter in the 5' UTR from which they WSzSN_r-g9Y-00003-00000876-00001214 can be transcribed. They all require the activity of WSzSN_r-g9Y-00004-00001214-00001542 a reverse transcriptase that will generate a cDNA copy WSzSN_r-g9Y-00005-00001542-00001857 of a transposable element. They require the activity WSzSN_r-g9Y-00006-00001857-00002240 of an RNase H, an endonuclease that degrades the WSzSN_r-g9Y-00007-00002240-00002618 transcript after reverse transcription. And they require WSzSN_r-g9Y-00008-00002618-00002942 the activity of an integrase, an enzyme similar to WSzSN_r-g9Y-00009-00002942-00003268 a transposase, that catalyzes the insertion of WSzSN_r-g9Y-00010-00003268-00003570 the retrotransposon copy at insertion sites. WSzSN_r-g9Y-00011-00003570-00003936 As already noted, non-autonomous retro-elements, WSzSN_r-g9Y-00012-00003936-00004246 or retroposons, lack these genes, but get their WSzSN_r-g9Y-00013-00004246-00004564 protein products from the activity of an autonomous WSzSN_r-g9Y-00014-00004564-00004902 retrotransposon. There are two basic mechanisms WSzSN_r-g9Y-00015-00004902-00005310 of retrotransposition. These are extra-chromosomally WSzSN_r-g9Y-00016-00005310-00005728 primed retrotransposition, which is characteristic of LTR WSzSN_r-g9Y-00017-00005728-00006236 retrotransposons, and target-primed retrotransposition, WSzSN_r-g9Y-00018-00006236-00006652 characteristic of non-LTR elements. As we look at WSzSN_r-g9Y-00019-00006652-00006920 these mechanisms in more detail , remember that WSzSN_r-g9Y-00020-00006920-00007218 autonomous retrotransposons encode the activities WSzSN_r-g9Y-00021-00007218-00007502 they need for transposition, and the activity of WSzSN_r-g9Y-00022-00007502-00007830 autonomous retrotransposons will be required for the WSzSN_r-g9Y-00023-00007830-00008220 mobility of those non-autonomous retrotransposons, WSzSN_r-g9Y-00024-00008220-00008660 or retroposons such as the SINEs. WU7HQsq8DWk-00000-00000359-00000595 Alright everyone, you know what time it is! WU7HQsq8DWk-00001-00000595-00000750 IT’S TOP TIER TIME! WU7HQsq8DWk-00002-00000750-00001188 That’s right, it’s the best of the best of the best, the characters with serious meta WU7HQsq8DWk-00003-00001188-00001545 dominance and the ability to take tournaments left and right. WU7HQsq8DWk-00004-00001545-00001935 In this part of the list, we spend most of our time talking about why these characters WU7HQsq8DWk-00005-00001935-00002269 are so good and what results they have to prove it. WU7HQsq8DWk-00006-00002269-00002694 Remember that our tier lists do not order the characters within the tier - so think WU7HQsq8DWk-00007-00002694-00003072 that all of the characters today are all roughly equivalent within top tier. WU7HQsq8DWk-00008-00003072-00003489 We’re not saying the ones at the beginning or end of the video are necessarily better WU7HQsq8DWk-00009-00003489-00003610 than the rest. WU7HQsq8DWk-00010-00003610-00003889 But don’t go thinking that any of these characters are unbeatable. WU7HQsq8DWk-00011-00003889-00004150 There’s no Street Fighter 2 Akuma in here. WU7HQsq8DWk-00012-00004150-00004394 There might not even be a Tekken 7 Akuma in here. WU7HQsq8DWk-00013-00004394-00004806 You’ll find that the right player can make a top tier look invincible at times, but plenty WU7HQsq8DWk-00014-00004806-00005082 of high tiers and mid tiers can match them too. WU7HQsq8DWk-00015-00005082-00005561 The top tiers are just characters that win with consistency and have more obvious strengths, WU7HQsq8DWk-00016-00005561-00005812 not totally OP picks you’ll need to succeed. WU7HQsq8DWk-00017-00005812-00005941 This isn’t Smash 4. WU7HQsq8DWk-00018-00005941-00006415 And one player in particular that makes his characters look invincible is MKLeo! WU7HQsq8DWk-00019-00006415-00006856 And guess what, you can get the secrets on improving at Smash right from MKLeo himself WU7HQsq8DWk-00020-00006856-00007039 at ProGuide dot com. WU7HQsq8DWk-00021-00007039-00007414 Click the link in the description to check out or website for tons of advanced guides WU7HQsq8DWk-00022-00007414-00007865 on Smash Ultimate, as well as a personal pro course by MKLeo himself. WU7HQsq8DWk-00023-00007865-00008092 You definitely do not want to miss that. WU7HQsq8DWk-00024-00008092-00008360 But for now, let's finish up our tier list! WU7HQsq8DWk-00025-00008360-00008688 Speaking of Smash 4, our first top tier is Bayonetta! WU7HQsq8DWk-00026-00008688-00008839 Kidding, kidding. WU7HQsq8DWk-00027-00008839-00009334 But our first top tier is a DLC character that kinda looks like he’s related to Bayonetta. WU7HQsq8DWk-00028-00009334-00009525 That’s right, it’s Joker. WU7HQsq8DWk-00029-00009525-00010102 Last time we made this list, we asked is Joker great or is MKLeo making him look great? WU7HQsq8DWk-00030-00010102-00010295 Most of the community wondered that too. WU7HQsq8DWk-00031-00010295-00010434 Now it looks settled. WU7HQsq8DWk-00032-00010434-00010913 Sure, MKLeo is great, but Joker is a legit top tier and other players are showing it WU7HQsq8DWk-00033-00010913-00011013 too. WU7HQsq8DWk-00034-00011013-00011421 In Japan, Eim (aim), Tsu, and Rain have picked him up and gotten results. WU7HQsq8DWk-00035-00011421-00011934 In NA, lots of players have given him a try as a main or secondary and done well. WU7HQsq8DWk-00036-00011934-00012111 It’s easy to see why. WU7HQsq8DWk-00037-00012111-00012566 Joker is a fast and dangerous character with so many tools at his disposal. WU7HQsq8DWk-00038-00012566-00012752 His aerials are great for edgeguarding. WU7HQsq8DWk-00039-00012752-00013063 His rebel’s guard is great against range and even for recovery. WU7HQsq8DWk-00040-00013063-00013357 His falling aerials can setup so many kills. WU7HQsq8DWk-00041-00013357-00013499 And boy does he have combos. WU7HQsq8DWk-00042-00013499-00013920 He’s kind of like the rushdown character to end all rushdown characters. WU7HQsq8DWk-00043-00013920-00014403 He does have a few bad matchups and can feel weak without Arsene, but there’s a reason WU7HQsq8DWk-00044-00014403-00014769 so many pros pick him over so many other characters. WU7HQsq8DWk-00045-00014769-00015316 Continuing on with rushdown characters, Inkling is another balanced rushdown kind of character. WU7HQsq8DWk-00046-00015316-00015691 Inkling can combo and can use their speed and low profile to get up close to opponents WU7HQsq8DWk-00047-00015691-00016051 and open them up with grabs and well spaced aerials and tilts. WU7HQsq8DWk-00048-00016051-00016557 However, Inkling can also play range and control the stage a little using the splat bomb. WU7HQsq8DWk-00049-00016557-00016976 The Inklings also excel at edgeguarding and going deep off stage to kill someone with WU7HQsq8DWk-00050-00016976-00017256 probably one of the best back airs in the game. WU7HQsq8DWk-00051-00017256-00017670 They’re top tier at ledge trapping too since their splat bomb is so versatile. WU7HQsq8DWk-00052-00017670-00018056 Inkling’s pretty much got it covered on all fronts and has good defensive options WU7HQsq8DWk-00053-00018056-00018187 too. WU7HQsq8DWk-00054-00018187-00018584 Inkling can struggle to get a kill though, since up throw up air setups only work within WU7HQsq8DWk-00055-00018584-00019001 a small zone for a lot of characters and they don’t get those fancy dragdown setups that WU7HQsq8DWk-00056-00019001-00019173 Joker gets. WU7HQsq8DWk-00057-00019173-00019573 Inkling might not be living up to the absolutely insane hype the character had at the start WU7HQsq8DWk-00058-00019573-00019945 of the game, but Inkling stays in top tier because they’re one of the most versatile WU7HQsq8DWk-00059-00019945-00020112 characters out there. WU7HQsq8DWk-00060-00020112-00020564 After all, what other character lets you play as both a kid and a squid?? WU7HQsq8DWk-00061-00020564-00021131 Speaking of versatile rushdown characters, do you resonate more with fruits or flowers? WU7HQsq8DWk-00062-00021131-00021565 No matter your choice, Peach and Daisy make for some of the most outstanding rushdown WU7HQsq8DWk-00063-00021565-00021720 top tiers in the game. WU7HQsq8DWk-00064-00021720-00022189 They’ve stayed S tier for most of Ultimate’s meta and there’s no reason to change now, WU7HQsq8DWk-00065-00022189-00022517 especially with Samsora finally winning a major. WU7HQsq8DWk-00066-00022517-00022661 What makes the Princesses so good? WU7HQsq8DWk-00067-00022661-00023087 It’s a lot of damage, a lot of strings, a lot of edgeguarding, a lot of mobility, WU7HQsq8DWk-00068-00023087-00023356 and a great projectile to top it all off. WU7HQsq8DWk-00069-00023356-00023634 Peaches are a feature of pretty much any bracket. WU7HQsq8DWk-00070-00023634-00023845 They’re everywhere and they’re doing well. WU7HQsq8DWk-00071-00023845-00024262 Peach is light, but that’s really the character’s main weakness. WU7HQsq8DWk-00072-00024262-00024706 Other than that, this character is such an obvious top tier that most of the Smash community WU7HQsq8DWk-00073-00024706-00025031 actually agrees she’s a top tier! WU7HQsq8DWk-00074-00025031-00025543 The zoner equivalent of Peach is probably Snake. WU7HQsq8DWk-00075-00025543-00025933 Tons of people at all different levels of the competition love this character. WU7HQsq8DWk-00076-00025933-00026589 You see him in top 32, top 16, top 8, and he might just be the best zoner in the game. WU7HQsq8DWk-00077-00026589-00027054 Snake has an insanely good neutral game and an ability to shut off whole sections of the WU7HQsq8DWk-00078-00027054-00027154 stage. WU7HQsq8DWk-00079-00027154-00027525 He may have the best ledgetrapping in the game and the best options of out of shield. WU7HQsq8DWk-00080-00027525-00027737 His kill potential is up there too. WU7HQsq8DWk-00081-00027737-00028042 However, Snake has trouble winning majors these days. WU7HQsq8DWk-00082-00028042-00028438 That’s mostly because he has a hard time landing and the other top tiers really take WU7HQsq8DWk-00083-00028438-00028572 advantage of that. WU7HQsq8DWk-00084-00028572-00029069 So many other top tiers are either rushdown characters, or characters with very good neutral. WU7HQsq8DWk-00085-00029069-00029463 Snake is a character that has barely any losing matchups but also doesn’t have a ton of WU7HQsq8DWk-00086-00029463-00029738 matchups he wins super hard in the top tiers. WU7HQsq8DWk-00087-00029738-00030135 So you do see Snakes lose and win against lots of characters. WU7HQsq8DWk-00088-00030135-00030297 It would make him tough to rank... WU7HQsq8DWk-00089-00030297-00030744 If he weren’t such a popular character with such obviously good tools and players behind WU7HQsq8DWk-00090-00030744-00030844 him. WU7HQsq8DWk-00091-00030844-00031025 Nowadays, he’s a pretty clear top tier. WU7HQsq8DWk-00092-00031025-00031256 Though, Snake might not be the only zoner. WU7HQsq8DWk-00093-00031256-00031423 Palutena can zone too. WU7HQsq8DWk-00094-00031423-00031827 But at the high level, Palutena’s more about combos and aerial pressure than about landing WU7HQsq8DWk-00095-00031827-00032008 explosive flames. WU7HQsq8DWk-00096-00032008-00032408 Palutena is just good all around and one of the most frustrating characters to fight in WU7HQsq8DWk-00097-00032408-00032508 Ultimate. WU7HQsq8DWk-00098-00032508-00032905 I mean seriously, just search Palutena on twitter and you’ve got enough sodium to WU7HQsq8DWk-00099-00032905-00033131 open a Slim Jim franchise. WU7HQsq8DWk-00100-00033131-00033608 Palutena is so frustrating because she’s so good… (short pause) and because she has WU7HQsq8DWk-00101-00033608-00034133 so many multi-hits that if feels like you’re in hit stun for days. WU7HQsq8DWk-00102-00034133-00034650 This character has a good tool for just about every situation and has some great hitboxes. WU7HQsq8DWk-00103-00034650-00035056 Palutena doesn’t have much trouble in neutral or advantage and has some good tools to get WU7HQsq8DWk-00104-00035056-00035197 out of disadvantage too. WU7HQsq8DWk-00105-00035197-00035600 Her main weakness is when she’s really on the backfoot, getting comboed or harassed. WU7HQsq8DWk-00106-00035600-00036047 But she makes up for that with everything else and ends up being another popular top WU7HQsq8DWk-00107-00036047-00036147 tier. WU7HQsq8DWk-00108-00036147-00036272 Palus are pretty much everywhere! WU7HQsq8DWk-00109-00036272-00036386 Thanks Nairo! WU7HQsq8DWk-00110-00036386-00036856 If there’s another good all around character with tons of mains, it’s Wolf O’Donnell. WU7HQsq8DWk-00111-00036856-00037330 Wolf is looking a bit rough after nerfs and meta changes, and even more with Zackray and WU7HQsq8DWk-00112-00037330-00037461 Tweek dropping him. WU7HQsq8DWk-00113-00037461-00037737 That means no top 10 players focusing on him. WU7HQsq8DWk-00114-00037737-00038192 But that doesn’t mean Wolf isn’t the strongest Irish character to ever set foot in Smash. WU7HQsq8DWk-00115-00038192-00038600 Wolf still has an all around great kit and very few bad moves. WU7HQsq8DWk-00116-00038600-00038984 Most of Wolf’s moves have disjoints on the level of the swordies, on top of reliable WU7HQsq8DWk-00117-00038984-00039180 combos and kill set ups. WU7HQsq8DWk-00118-00039180-00039696 And there are players still making the most of that kit, like Larry Lurr, Jakal, Komorikiri, WU7HQsq8DWk-00119-00039696-00039993 and Wizzrobe - whenever he decides to play Ultimate. WU7HQsq8DWk-00120-00039993-00040319 So Wolf did drop off a little, but not out of top tier. WU7HQsq8DWk-00121-00040319-00040755 It’s more like, he dropped from being one of the 3 most picked and most hyped characters WU7HQsq8DWk-00122-00040755-00041038 to one of the 10 most picked and hyped characters. WU7HQsq8DWk-00123-00041038-00041138 Still pretty good. WU7HQsq8DWk-00124-00041138-00041525 It’s a weird world where Fox isn’t the most popular space animal right out of the WU7HQsq8DWk-00125-00041525-00041625 gate. WU7HQsq8DWk-00126-00041625-00041999 But honestly, he’s always had close competition in between Falco and Wolf. WU7HQsq8DWk-00127-00041999-00042444 In this game the competition is as close as ever, with Wolf and Falco both being strong WU7HQsq8DWk-00128-00042444-00042606 and popular picks. WU7HQsq8DWk-00129-00042606-00043044 Of the three, Fox is the one that plays closest to the legacy of the spacies. WU7HQsq8DWk-00130-00043044-00043540 That basically means he has super hype rushdown with tons of combos and tech chases. WU7HQsq8DWk-00131-00043540-00043969 Fox has pretty much the same key strength he’s had in every game: Speed. WU7HQsq8DWk-00132-00043969-00044362 This dude is an ace pilot, but he might be an olympic sprinter too. WU7HQsq8DWk-00133-00044362-00044762 Speed is super valuable in Ultimate and helps with pretty much everything, so Fox is in WU7HQsq8DWk-00134-00044762-00044862 a good spot. WU7HQsq8DWk-00135-00044862-00045253 His main problem is that he falls so fast that he’s super easy to combo despite being WU7HQsq8DWk-00136-00045253-00045378 a light character. WU7HQsq8DWk-00137-00045378-00045675 That means Fox can lose stocks as quickly as he can take them. WU7HQsq8DWk-00138-00045675-00046113 But he’s got a lot of great options to bust out of trouble, like neutral air or shine. WU7HQsq8DWk-00139-00046113-00046497 That means Fox is surprisingly good at the comeback, as Light’s shown us. WU7HQsq8DWk-00140-00046497-00046897 So even though Wolf is doing well, Fox hasn’t fallen out of step with his foil. WU7HQsq8DWk-00141-00046897-00047378 And Fox is looking better as the meta advances and speed and falling aerials look even more WU7HQsq8DWk-00142-00047378-00047478 valuable. WU7HQsq8DWk-00143-00047478-00047898 In early Ultimate, Fox wasn’t even the most iconic glass cannon in Ultimate. WU7HQsq8DWk-00144-00047898-00048103 That honor belonged to Pichu. WU7HQsq8DWk-00145-00048103-00048434 When Pichu was strong, he was overwhelming in every sense. WU7HQsq8DWk-00146-00048434-00048893 Tons of people played him at pretty much every level and he might’ve gotten optimized faster WU7HQsq8DWk-00147-00048893-00049033 than anyone else. WU7HQsq8DWk-00148-00049033-00049490 With time - and with some big nerfs - this baby rat has fallen off a little. WU7HQsq8DWk-00149-00049490-00049887 Like Wolf, it wasn’t a fall from top tier as much as it was a fall from “maybe the WU7HQsq8DWk-00150-00049887-00050308 best character!” and “you, your best friend, and your whole family mains him!” to “just WU7HQsq8DWk-00151-00050308-00050418 another top tier.” WU7HQsq8DWk-00152-00050418-00050870 Pichu still has insane kill potential and one of the best damage outputs in the game. WU7HQsq8DWk-00153-00050870-00051378 This Pokemon is still a rushdown god and players like NAKAT and Blacktwins are showing that. WU7HQsq8DWk-00154-00051378-00051735 Now he’s just riskier and easier to punish than he used to be. WU7HQsq8DWk-00155-00051735-00052007 And up next we’ve got his older counterpart, Pikachu. WU7HQsq8DWk-00156-00052007-00052341 Pikachu is the more balanced of the electric mouse type pokemon. WU7HQsq8DWk-00157-00052341-00052789 Pikachu still has a lot of combo potential and likes to fight up close, but Pikachu can WU7HQsq8DWk-00158-00052789-00053040 also use its thunderjolts more freely. WU7HQsq8DWk-00159-00053040-00053460 That means Pikachu has a bit more zoning and range potential than Pichu and a more versatile WU7HQsq8DWk-00160-00053460-00053560 neutral. WU7HQsq8DWk-00161-00053560-00053991 Pikachu’s up special also has a hitbox, giving it a great movement option. WU7HQsq8DWk-00162-00053991-00054404 Despite being good in a lot of ways, Pikachu is surprisingly underplayed. WU7HQsq8DWk-00163-00054404-00054889 But those that do play this Pokemon - mainly ESAM and Captain L - have done very well. WU7HQsq8DWk-00164-00054889-00055346 Pika’s only big flaw is trouble killing opponents that have really good recoveries. WU7HQsq8DWk-00165-00055346-00055802 Pika is a great edgeguarder, but lots of really good characters are hard to edgeguard. WU7HQsq8DWk-00166-00055802-00056227 On stage, Pika relies on committal moves like a smash or dash attack to kill. WU7HQsq8DWk-00167-00056227-00056714 Still, the character’s raw speed and options make it a menace to most of the cast. WU7HQsq8DWk-00168-00056714-00057178 Finally, it’s the queen of the Fire Emblem franchise herself, Lucina! WU7HQsq8DWk-00169-00057178-00057659 Lucina got an early reputation for being boring from pros that didn’t like her style, and WU7HQsq8DWk-00170-00057659-00057838 that hurt her playerbase and results. WU7HQsq8DWk-00171-00057838-00058383 But, if you watch Protobanham and Mr. E, you know that Lucina is far from boring. WU7HQsq8DWk-00172-00058383-00058820 This character brings the hype edgeguards and those flashy Melee Marth-esque kills. WU7HQsq8DWk-00173-00058820-00059259 In a game where so many characters have so many weird moves and options, Lucina looks WU7HQsq8DWk-00174-00059259-00059394 plain at first glance. WU7HQsq8DWk-00175-00059394-00059832 But, she’s such a good bread and butter swordie that she can be hype and good. WU7HQsq8DWk-00176-00059832-00060278 Lucina is stronger than her echo fighter and her dad because she’s got good things for WU7HQsq8DWk-00177-00060278-00060419 all parts of her game. WU7HQsq8DWk-00178-00060419-00060764 Her disjoints are great, making her pretty safe when spacing well. WU7HQsq8DWk-00179-00060764-00061119 Her out of shield options are solid and her recovery is even better. WU7HQsq8DWk-00180-00061119-00061354 Her base stats and frame data are good too. WU7HQsq8DWk-00181-00061354-00061805 She’s got moves that can poke, pressure shield, get kills, and start combos. WU7HQsq8DWk-00182-00061805-00062258 Basically, she’s every bit as awesome as she was in Awakening, even if she’s every WU7HQsq8DWk-00183-00062258-00062380 bit as by the book too. WU7HQsq8DWk-00184-00062380-00062794 There’s a chance that she gets muscled down the tiers some by other top tiers but she’s WU7HQsq8DWk-00185-00062794-00062944 staying S tier for now. WU7HQsq8DWk-00186-00062944-00063290 Alright, that’s it for our 5.0 tier list! WU7HQsq8DWk-00187-00063290-00063408 How do you think we did? WU7HQsq8DWk-00188-00063408-00063584 Who would you put in your top tier? WU7HQsq8DWk-00189-00063584-00064022 Where do you think Banjo and Kazooie are gonna end up in future lists as the meta advances? WU7HQsq8DWk-00190-00064022-00064136 Let us know in the comments! WU7HQsq8DWk-00191-00064136-00064369 We’re always happy to hear from you guys. WU7HQsq8DWk-00192-00064369-00064666 And remember, Smash isn’t all about tier lists and being optimal. WU7HQsq8DWk-00193-00064666-00065176 Sometimes, it’s really about playing what’s fun for you and what fits your playstyle. WU7HQsq8DWk-00194-00065176-00065501 Believe it or not, enjoying the game can help you get better at it. WU7HQsq8DWk-00195-00065501-00065938 And Ultimate is one of the best Smash games ever for just playing what you enjoy, because WU7HQsq8DWk-00196-00065938-00066145 every character has so much potential. WU7HQsq8DWk-00197-00066145-00066621 MKLeo told us himself that part of why he plays the characters he does is because he WU7HQsq8DWk-00198-00066621-00066916 legitimately enjoys them and their games. WU7HQsq8DWk-00199-00066916-00067442 You can hear more about what MKLeo has to say on his pro course on ProGuides dot com. WU7HQsq8DWk-00200-00067442-00067827 So get out there and grind those matchups and we’ll see everybody again once Nintendo WU7HQsq8DWk-00201-00067827-00067948 brings out the balance changes. WYtTZJBIh-y-00000-00000000-00000166 [Captions by Y Translator] Hi, my name is Chad. WYtTZJBIh-y-00001-00000166-00000290 I'm from 8 Passengers. WYtTZJBIh-y-00002-00000300-00000356 Hi. WYtTZJBIh-y-00003-00000426-00000568 We are going to the pumpkin patch. WYtTZJBIh-y-00004-00000568-00000664 No! WYtTZJBIh-y-00005-00000664-00000830 I'm so excited. WYtTZJBIh-y-00006-00000830-00001008 They're all excited. WYtTZJBIh-y-00007-00001926-00002084 I love the fall. WYtTZJBIh-y-00008-00004086-00004352 Russell, that sounds awesome. WYtTZJBIh-y-00009-00004352-00004430 Good job. WYtTZJBIh-y-00010-00004520-00004662 Do you still like playing the cello? WYtTZJBIh-y-00011-00004860-00004992 Kind of. WYtTZJBIh-y-00012-00004992-00005251 Oh, Julie. WYtTZJBIh-y-00013-00005252-00005376 Come here. Let me see. WYtTZJBIh-y-00014-00005376-00005548 Are you going to wear that to Jaker's today? WYtTZJBIh-y-00015-00005594-00005749 >> Should I? >> I don't know. WYtTZJBIh-y-00016-00005841-00005924 Looks awesome. WYtTZJBIh-y-00017-00006028-00006222 I can't wait for our party tonight. WYtTZJBIh-y-00018-00006230-00006390 Good morning Passengers. WYtTZJBIh-y-00019-00006390-00006730 My eyebrows are starting to go the blond color. WYtTZJBIh-y-00020-00006730-00006940 I've got a lot of criticism for the color. WYtTZJBIh-y-00021-00006940-00007170 But I also told you that the color WYtTZJBIh-y-00022-00007170-00007340 was going to fade, and you can start to see it. WYtTZJBIh-y-00023-00007340-00007670 So there's a little patch like right here where my finger is, WYtTZJBIh-y-00024-00007709-00007880 and it's blond, WYtTZJBIh-y-00025-00007880-00008009 and it matches the color of my hair. WYtTZJBIh-y-00026-00008028-00008555 Eventually, this brown right here will also flake away, WYtTZJBIh-y-00027-00008588-00008760 revealing the blond underneath. WYtTZJBIh-y-00028-00008760-00008900 So anyway, they're coming. WYtTZJBIh-y-00029-00008910-00009010 They're getting their. WYtTZJBIh-y-00030-00009010-00009060 What? WYtTZJBIh-y-00031-00009060-00009492 I have a lot of homework, and I also have a pumpkin candle, WYtTZJBIh-y-00032-00009492-00009876 and so can I go and do homework by my pumpkin candle? WYtTZJBIh-y-00033-00009900-00010103 Do you really need my permission to that? WYtTZJBIh-y-00034-00010103-00010172 Well, I mean like... WYtTZJBIh-y-00035-00010239-00010380 When I was like little you were like, WYtTZJBIh-y-00036-00010380-00010516 you're not allowed to light candles because... WYtTZJBIh-y-00037-00010516-00010643 Oh, you want to light it? WYtTZJBIh-y-00038-00010733-00010776 Got it. WYtTZJBIh-y-00039-00010776-00010894 >> Because... >> Got it. WYtTZJBIh-y-00040-00010894-00011022 >> When we were little... >> Where is it going to be? WYtTZJBIh-y-00041-00011026-00011100 In my room. WYtTZJBIh-y-00042-00011208-00011274 On the floor? WYtTZJBIh-y-00043-00011274-00011314 No. WYtTZJBIh-y-00044-00011314-00011372 On the carpet. WYtTZJBIh-y-00045-00011382-00011422 No. WYtTZJBIh-y-00046-00011422-00011472 On your bed? WYtTZJBIh-y-00047-00011472-00011522 No. WYtTZJBIh-y-00048-00011522-00011572 Where? WYtTZJBIh-y-00049-00011572-00011640 On the dresser. WYtTZJBIh-y-00050-00011745-00011826 Okay, that's fine. WYtTZJBIh-y-00051-00011826-00011898 Okay. WYtTZJBIh-y-00052-00011918-00012056 I'm so scared to light matches. WYtTZJBIh-y-00053-00012056-00012262 I've only did it like three times in my entire life. WYtTZJBIh-y-00054-00012508-00012606 Okay. WYtTZJBIh-y-00055-00014066-00014244 These smell so good. WYtTZJBIh-y-00056-00014294-00014438 I have long sleeves. WYtTZJBIh-y-00057-00014680-00014846 I love the fall. WYtTZJBIh-y-00058-00015622-00015852 Okay, let me take a look at your hair here. WYtTZJBIh-y-00059-00015852-00016124 Russell's hair is getting very long. WYtTZJBIh-y-00060-00016158-00016294 I like it, I think it's cute. WYtTZJBIh-y-00061-00016294-00016460 Should we keep it growing it long? WYtTZJBIh-y-00062-00016460-00016534 Yes. WYtTZJBIh-y-00063-00016534-00016730 And you know what, you have a lot of curl... WYtTZJBIh-y-00064-00016730-00017010 Russell's been fixing his hair very flat and straight, WYtTZJBIh-y-00065-00017010-00017350 and I took his hair and I kind of ruffled it WYtTZJBIh-y-00066-00017350-00017442 and messed it up. WYtTZJBIh-y-00067-00017460-00017510 Yes. WYtTZJBIh-y-00068-00017530-00017620 But it looks nice. WYtTZJBIh-y-00069-00017650-00017730 You do like it? WYtTZJBIh-y-00070-00017769-00017819 Okay. WYtTZJBIh-y-00071-00017894-00018200 Get your sport shorts and your cowboy shoes WYtTZJBIh-y-00072-00018200-00018308 into the car, Mister. WYtTZJBIh-y-00073-00018322-00018392 Run. WYtTZJBIh-y-00074-00018446-00018614 I like your style today. WYtTZJBIh-y-00075-00018902-00019140 I really didn't think this was going to happen. WYtTZJBIh-y-00076-00019180-00019360 All of my kids going to the pumpkin patch, WYtTZJBIh-y-00077-00019360-00019930 one because Shari and Chad sometimes think they're too cool to do that, WYtTZJBIh-y-00078-00019982-00020260 and two, because it's really hard to get all six of my kids WYtTZJBIh-y-00079-00020260-00020460 on the same schedule where we have a free couple WYtTZJBIh-y-00080-00020460-00020581 of hours to do something. WYtTZJBIh-y-00081-00020582-00020798 We're going to the pumpkin patch. WYtTZJBIh-y-00082-00020798-00020914 No. WYtTZJBIh-y-00083-00020934-00021170 I'm so excited. WYtTZJBIh-y-00084-00021170-00021287 They're all excited. WYtTZJBIh-y-00085-00023133-00023477 I have been bringing my kids here to the pumpkin patch WYtTZJBIh-y-00086-00023517-00023865 since we moved here, like 11 years ago, WYtTZJBIh-y-00087-00023906-00024113 and it's so fun to see my kids grow up. WYtTZJBIh-y-00088-00024113-00024248 And the Pumpkin Patch grow up. WYtTZJBIh-y-00089-00024248-00024430 It used to be that the pumpkin patch was WYtTZJBIh-y-00090-00024430-00024650 just an empty field full of pumpkins, WYtTZJBIh-y-00091-00024650-00024880 and now, they have all these different places WYtTZJBIh-y-00092-00024880-00025070 for the kids to play and enjoy themselves. WYtTZJBIh-y-00093-00025120-00025270 I asked Mom if I could be in charge WYtTZJBIh-y-00094-00025270-00025400 of decorating the porch, WYtTZJBIh-y-00095-00025400-00025630 because every year, we put pumpkins out WYtTZJBIh-y-00096-00025630-00025776 that we have like painted, WYtTZJBIh-y-00097-00025776-00025960 and yes, they are very cute and they're nice, WYtTZJBIh-y-00098-00025960-00026220 but we need an aesthetic porch this year, Mom. WYtTZJBIh-y-00099-00026220-00026380 I wasn't even gonna do a porch. WYtTZJBIh-y-00100-00026400-00026520 I was just gonna leave it blank. WYtTZJBIh-y-00101-00026520-00026625 I'm gonna do our porch. WYtTZJBIh-y-00102-00026641-00026770 Okay, you're in charge of it. WYtTZJBIh-y-00103-00026770-00026910 I don't want to have anything to do with it. WYtTZJBIh-y-00104-00026910-00027100 Okay. Because I don't decorate. WYtTZJBIh-y-00105-00027100-00027316 I'm in charge of carving pumpkins. WYtTZJBIh-y-00106-00027360-00027545 And Julie wants to carve a pumpkin. WYtTZJBIh-y-00107-00027545-00027730 I did it last year, and I was really good at it. WYtTZJBIh-y-00108-00027750-00027830 Yes. Yes, you did. WYtTZJBIh-y-00109-00027889-00027995 That's right. WYtTZJBIh-y-00110-00028218-00028538 [inaudible] stay by my family. WYtTZJBIh-y-00111-00028546-00028789 She was, I'm gonna stay by my family. WYtTZJBIh-y-00112-00028934-00029210 Eve found a stage, and she's been performing WYtTZJBIh-y-00113-00029210-00029489 and singing for everyone in line. WYtTZJBIh-y-00114-00029489-00029865 She goes up and down entertaining. WYtTZJBIh-y-00115-00029908-00030080 Oh, she just found a friend. WYtTZJBIh-y-00116-00030100-00030300 She literally does this every year. WYtTZJBIh-y-00117-00030300-00030589 She goes and finds where someone's taking a picture WYtTZJBIh-y-00118-00030589-00030720 and she joins in. WYtTZJBIh-y-00119-00030720-00031110 Last year, we came here and there was a class taking WYtTZJBIh-y-00120-00031110-00031320 a class picture, and some day, WYtTZJBIh-y-00121-00031320-00031410 20 years down the road, WYtTZJBIh-y-00122-00031410-00031556 someone's going to point at the picture and go. WYtTZJBIh-y-00123-00031560-00031680 Who was that girl? WYtTZJBIh-y-00124-00031680-00031848 I don't remember her in the class. WYtTZJBIh-y-00125-00031952-00032095 The buried treasure. WYtTZJBIh-y-00126-00032189-00032333 I just do [inaudible] WYtTZJBIh-y-00127-00032350-00032533 1, 2, 3, 4 WYtTZJBIh-y-00128-00032544-00032888 You have dirty hands, you can't touch them. WYtTZJBIh-y-00129-00032922-00033030 They're babies. WYtTZJBIh-y-00130-00033030-00033198 I'm not touching them. WYtTZJBIh-y-00131-00033208-00033890 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10. WYtTZJBIh-y-00132-00033922-00033972 Ten! WYtTZJBIh-y-00133-00034086-00034275 Look at the wheels on this thing. WYtTZJBIh-y-00134-00034275-00034550 It's like wet and muddy. WYtTZJBIh-y-00135-00034550-00034872 We're going to be slipping and sliding around everywhere. WYtTZJBIh-y-00136-00036848-00037198 We are slipping and sliding in all of this mud. WYtTZJBIh-y-00137-00038138-00038380 Can you hear the mud? WYtTZJBIh-y-00138-00038380-00038462 Can you hear it? WYtTZJBIh-y-00139-00041160-00041290 Hey Mom. WYtTZJBIh-y-00140-00041298-00041632 Hey I remember, last year we buried each other. WYtTZJBIh-y-00141-00041632-00041850 No, you're gonna bury me. WYtTZJBIh-y-00142-00043864-00043980 You want a pretty side. WYtTZJBIh-y-00143-00044092-00044248 Abby's helping me with the porch. WYtTZJBIh-y-00144-00044494-00044578 What Chad? WYtTZJBIh-y-00145-00044670-00044750 That's a good one. WYtTZJBIh-y-00146-00044750-00044862 Yeah. That's a great one. WYtTZJBIh-y-00147-00044862-00044958 Nice and round. WYtTZJBIh-y-00148-00044969-00045110 This one should be for Eve. WYtTZJBIh-y-00149-00045130-00045254 That's a great one. WYtTZJBIh-y-00150-00045254-00045384 That's for me. WYtTZJBIh-y-00151-00045384-00045558 Okay, for me. WYtTZJBIh-y-00152-00045558-00045680 Can you pick it up? WYtTZJBIh-y-00153-00045720-00045844 All right. WYtTZJBIh-y-00154-00045844-00046008 Can I put the pumpkin in my room? WYtTZJBIh-y-00155-00046096-00046150 Sure. WYtTZJBIh-y-00156-00046164-00046214 Yay! WYtTZJBIh-y-00157-00046220-00046460 So right now I'm trying to find a pumpkin to put my room, WYtTZJBIh-y-00158-00046470-00046562 so here's a question. WYtTZJBIh-y-00159-00046562-00046786 Do you guys decorate your room for Halloween? WYtTZJBIh-y-00160-00046786-00046958 I'm gonna put this one in my room. WYtTZJBIh-y-00161-00047006-00047254 This one... This one's for outside... WYtTZJBIh-y-00162-00047254-00047491 >> Um, this is a lot of pumpkins. >> I know. WYtTZJBIh-y-00163-00047499-00047680 Having kids is so much fun. WYtTZJBIh-y-00164-00047680-00047890 Especially when their interests are WYtTZJBIh-y-00165-00047890-00048070 a little different than yours. WYtTZJBIh-y-00166-00048070-00048160 They offset. WYtTZJBIh-y-00167-00048160-00048346 I didn't want to do any decorating, WYtTZJBIh-y-00168-00048353-00048660 and Shari as doing a really good job collecting pumpkins WYtTZJBIh-y-00169-00048660-00048880 and ideas to decorate our porch, WYtTZJBIh-y-00170-00048880-00049130 and I literally don't care what it looks like. WYtTZJBIh-y-00171-00049130-00049350 I'm sure she'll get better at it as the years go by, WYtTZJBIh-y-00172-00049350-00049637 if she still has the interest in decorating the porch. WYtTZJBIh-y-00173-00049644-00049699 Are you ready? WYtTZJBIh-y-00174-00049717-00049767 Yep. WYtTZJBIh-y-00175-00049796-00049942 Okay, everyone, move out of the way. WYtTZJBIh-y-00176-00049958-00050106 Which one is mine? WYtTZJBIh-y-00177-00050368-00050500 Shari, I'm really excited. WYtTZJBIh-y-00178-00050550-00050670 Thank you for doing it for me. WYtTZJBIh-y-00179-00050710-00051034 I'm nervous it's going to like be expensive. WYtTZJBIh-y-00180-00051034-00051236 That's 85 pounds. WYtTZJBIh-y-00181-00051236-00051360 You got a bunch of pumpkins. WYtTZJBIh-y-00182-00051360-00051508 It'll be around 40. WYtTZJBIh-y-00183-00051508-00051624 27.20. WYtTZJBIh-y-00184-00051641-00051767 Oh, it's not bad. WYtTZJBIh-y-00185-00053348-00053536 Hi, my name is Chad. WYtTZJBIh-y-00186-00053536-00053644 You probably know me. WYtTZJBIh-y-00187-00053644-00053767 I'm from 8 Passengers. WYtTZJBIh-y-00188-00053782-00053834 Hi. WYtTZJBIh-y-00189-00055440-00055679 I'm going to scoop it all up, put it in here, WYtTZJBIh-y-00190-00055679-00055847 so that Mom can cook the seeds. WYtTZJBIh-y-00191-00055882-00056167 She said she'd do it last year, but she never did. WYtTZJBIh-y-00192-00056204-00056470 I'm trying to draw like a face... thing. WYtTZJBIh-y-00193-00056494-00056679 Should I like do like those eyebrows? WYtTZJBIh-y-00194-00056690-00056808 Oh, that would be funny. WYtTZJBIh-y-00195-00056810-00057020 You could use me as your your model. WYtTZJBIh-y-00196-00057078-00057252 There's no wrong way to do it. WYtTZJBIh-y-00197-00057543-00057677 Yes. WYtTZJBIh-y-00198-00057723-00057800 Oh my gosh. WYtTZJBIh-y-00199-00057800-00057944 That is so good. WYtTZJBIh-y-00200-00057998-00058179 My kids are all better at drawing than me. WYtTZJBIh-y-00201-00058200-00058279 I love it. WYtTZJBIh-y-00202-00058358-00058470 He looks angry. WYtTZJBIh-y-00203-00058584-00058732 What about his mouth? WYtTZJBIh-y-00204-00059285-00059379 I don't know what else to do. WYtTZJBIh-y-00205-00059379-00059620 Should I do like blood dripping down the mouth or something? WYtTZJBIh-y-00206-00059620-00059788 That looks so good. WYtTZJBIh-y-00207-00059788-00059954 You kind of have blood droplets right there. WYtTZJBIh-y-00208-00059991-00060048 Yeah. WYtTZJBIh-y-00209-00060048-00060188 I'm impressed. WYtTZJBIh-y-00210-00060286-00060416 Creepy face? WYtTZJBIh-y-00211-00060714-00060770 All right. WYtTZJBIh-y-00212-00060770-00061026 Here's the finished porch that Shari came up with. WYtTZJBIh-y-00213-00061101-00061163 Simple. WYtTZJBIh-y-00214-00061229-00061270 Cute. WYtTZJBIh-y-00215-00061270-00061329 I like it. WYtTZJBIh-y-00216-00061350-00061440 Do you guys like the porch? WYtTZJBIh-y-00217-00061440-00061479 Yeah. WYtTZJBIh-y-00218-00061479-00061660 Looks a lot more festive than before. Waavfy2gMBc-00000-00001855-00002332 so we just got off the plane into the rental car, it's 8:00 a.m. here which is Waavfy2gMBc-00001-00002333-00002828 four am back home in Canada adrenaline is a beautiful thing and I'm just gonna Waavfy2gMBc-00002-00002828-00003274 keep going right boys tired Waavfy2gMBc-00003-00004313-00005000 all right day one stop one look at Erik walkin what a little cutie we're gonna Waavfy2gMBc-00004-00005000-00005458 go over there look at that you see a whole bunch of tourists just lined up so Waavfy2gMBc-00005-00005458-00005867 obviously that means there's something cool over there so it's a pretty long Waavfy2gMBc-00006-00005867-00006137 walk to a bridge with a ton of people on it Waavfy2gMBc-00007-00006137-00006530 whatever the **** is on the other side of that bridge better be worth it Waavfy2gMBc-00008-00007058-00007531 give us some tips about landscape photography pick a rock and take a Waavfy2gMBc-00009-00007531-00007892 picture look beautiful that's essentially what we're doing here right Waavfy2gMBc-00010-00007892-00008288 now is we're just picking rocks and taking pictures of them pretty much it's Waavfy2gMBc-00011-00008288-00008819 just hope for the hope for the best we're trying to take as many pictures of Waavfy2gMBc-00012-00008819-00009386 rocks and as few pictures of tourists as we can which is tough we're kind of off Waavfy2gMBc-00013-00009386-00009872 the beaten path now so hopefully we have a little bit more luck Erik no shoe Waavfy2gMBc-00014-00009872-00010463 prints over there where are you going oh oh wow you found a secret path oh yeah Waavfy2gMBc-00015-00010463-00010994 you're right let's watch the landscape photographer in action here we go Waavfy2gMBc-00016-00010994-00011321 give us something there give us something to work with the people at Waavfy2gMBc-00017-00011321-00011741 your well your the landscape photography expert your the photography expert Waavfy2gMBc-00018-00011741-00012086 period I don't know I like the shape of this tree for some reason so taking a picture Waavfy2gMBc-00019-00012086-00012770 of it yes it just looks like a bunch of what nothing Waavfy2gMBc-00020-00012770-00013127 either you're crazier I'm missing something about landscape photography Waavfy2gMBc-00021-00013127-00013597 I have never vlogged on such rocky terrain before and it's terrifying Waavfy2gMBc-00022-00013597-00013963 because you have to pay attention to where you're going and hold this heavy Waavfy2gMBc-00023-00013963-00014327 ass camera and Erik's showing you up with his landscape photography there's Waavfy2gMBc-00024-00014327-00014608 too much going on Waavfy2gMBc-00025-00014938-00015479 all right so Dingvellir Thingvellir or whatever vellir it is taught me two things Waavfy2gMBc-00026-00015479-00015959 one do not try to take photos where there are a bunch of tourists and two Waavfy2gMBc-00027-00015959-00016582 I'm very out of shape this is like day one location one and my legs hurt so Waavfy2gMBc-00028-00016582-00016678 next spot Waavfy2gMBc-00029-00017486-00017994 all right ladies and gents right Geyser now just exploding water it's actually Waavfy2gMBc-00030-00017994-00018164 pretty dope check this out Waavfy2gMBc-00031-00020286-00020799 what are your thoughts it's gonna be a bit of a walk I'm already tired what are Waavfy2gMBc-00032-00020799-00021210 your thoughts about geyser It shoots water it's cool actually it's not cool Waavfy2gMBc-00033-00021210-00021606 it's pretty hot just like that geyser down Gullfoss to Waavfy2gMBc-00034-00021606-00022254 go let's do it Erik what's the plan here try not to hit the waterfall with Vlad Waavfy2gMBc-00035-00022254-00022908 Vlad's the drone by the way get some sweet drone shots and not crash the drone so Waavfy2gMBc-00036-00022908-00023844 it's too windy to fly Vlad the drone come on check that out how dope is that now I Waavfy2gMBc-00037-00023844-00024213 know we just said we're not gonna fly the drone but we're doing it you're in Waavfy2gMBc-00038-00024213-00024630 Iceland only here once most people so I don't know when I'm coming back I Waavfy2gMBc-00039-00024630-00026544 might as well fly the drone let's do this Waavfy2gMBc-00040-00026669-00027104 all right so it's crazy windy out here we got some footage a little Waavfy2gMBc-00041-00027104-00027500 nerve-wracking it's also illegal to fly drones here we learned that yep someone Waavfy2gMBc-00042-00027500-00027863 had to tell us she was a real she's real pleasant she was a real go-getter Waavfy2gMBc-00043-00027863-00028802 that's for sure but well we got the footage we did so Waavfy2gMBc-00044-00028958-00029574 alright so we just got back from touring around checking out all the sights we're Waavfy2gMBc-00045-00029574-00029891 staying at the dope little air B&B I don't know if you can see behind me but Waavfy2gMBc-00046-00029892-00030588 those horses our place horses you guys hey Waavfy2gMBc-00047-00031338-00031577 ok so that's pretty much it for the Waavfy2gMBc-00048-00031577-00032019 first day yeah we're gonna go to bed super early it's like 7 o'clock Steve Waavfy2gMBc-00049-00032019-00032322 and I are gonna cuddle and see you guys tomorrow Waavfy2gMBc-00050-00032322-00032754 yep guys shut up Erik Waavfy2gMBc-00051-00033074-00033440 alright ladies and gents it's day 2 pretty tired cuz it's Waavfy2gMBc-00052-00033441-00033854 like waking up at 3:00 a.m. but we're gonna grab a quick breakfast of champs Waavfy2gMBc-00053-00033854-00034106 and head out and see more **** let's do it Waavfy2gMBc-00054-00035024-00035333 loaded up you guys you want to come with us Waavfy2gMBc-00055-00035424-00035504 no ok cool Waavfy2gMBc-00056-00035820-00036120 tell the people where we are Steve oh we just arrived at Seljalandsfoss Waavfy2gMBc-00057-00036120-00036585 apparently this is where part of Dorsmork which is where Thor not a--not so Waavfy2gMBc-00058-00036585-00036962 Erik's talking about Thor he likes the Avengers but it looks pretty cool Waavfy2gMBc-00059-00039340-00040138 just pull over at the side of the road and find places like... ???????? on your way to Skogafoss Waavfy2gMBc-00060-00040138-00040516 yeah that's the one check this out Waavfy2gMBc-00061-00040594-00040718 crazy Waavfy2gMBc-00062-00041038-00041494 alright stop number two on the day skogafoss Waavfy2gMBc-00063-00041610-00041806 yo this thing is massive and Waavfy2gMBc-00064-00041807-00042118 Erik and Steve, don't know if you can see them Waavfy2gMBc-00065-00042294-00042687 just being ballsy heading right into the actual waterfall obviously for the Waavfy2gMBc-00066-00042687-00043047 sake of the camera I'm not gonna go in there so start to rain out here we were Waavfy2gMBc-00067-00043047-00043524 gonna leave skogafoss then we noticed like this giant staircase and wanted to Waavfy2gMBc-00068-00043524-00043977 go up it and Erik made an excellent point and a call back to an older video Erik Waavfy2gMBc-00069-00043977-00044469 don't forget tip number one don't be a ***** it wasn't tip number one but yeah cool I Waavfy2gMBc-00070-00044469-00044778 literally said to you guys if it's raining out you should get out and shoot Waavfy2gMBc-00071-00044778-00045084 so we're not leaving we're gonna go up the stairs and we're gonna see what's up Waavfy2gMBc-00072-00045084-00046035 this is actually a giant staircase all the way up all the way up there like a Waavfy2gMBc-00073-00046035-00046659 quarter of the way up regretting my decisions but gotta keep going oh my god Waavfy2gMBc-00074-00046659-00047064 we're like halfway up now cause they're burning if it's okay with you and Erik Waavfy2gMBc-00075-00047064-00047361 I'm just gonna die here that's okay we'll pick you up on the way down I think Waavfy2gMBc-00076-00047361-00047870 you see the top I can see the top we made it Waavfy2gMBc-00077-00048076-00048440 what do you guys think should we go for a quick swim Waavfy2gMBc-00078-00048470-00048974 I'm okay I'll pass on this one so we came all the way up here now we have to Waavfy2gMBc-00079-00048974-00049223 head all the way back down I think I'm gonna count the steps on the way down Waavfy2gMBc-00080-00049223-00049616 and see exactly how much work we did to get here let's see what we got I'll tell Waavfy2gMBc-00081-00049616-00050225 you guys at the bottom a measly 442 steps it's pocket change I did it no problem Waavfy2gMBc-00082-00050225-00050370 didn't even think I wasn't gonna be able to do it Waavfy2gMBc-00083-00050860-00051140 Alright next stop is like an Iceland staple Waavfy2gMBc-00084-00051152-00051484 originally we thought we were coming for a sightseeing tour, turns out Waavfy2gMBc-00085-00051484-00052096 we're coming for endurance training because the plane crash is two million miles off the road Waavfy2gMBc-00086-00052096-00052470 and we gotta hike it so that's what we're doing now Waavfy2gMBc-00087-00052486-00053147 all right after a couple clicks walking on the black sand beaches here we made Waavfy2gMBc-00088-00053147-00053488 it to the plane crash so it's time for some sick b roll Waavfy2gMBc-00089-00057552-00057936 so the plane was dope but tourists kind of ruin yeah it definitely Waavfy2gMBc-00090-00057936-00058754 suck you got to come here at like 6:00 in the morning out there kind of trek back it's Waavfy2gMBc-00091-00058754-00059104 kind of more of a bummer I have to agree with that Waavfy2gMBc-00092-00059246-00059624 the walk back to the car is way too far so why don't we just teleport Waavfy2gMBc-00093-00060547-00060954 well I really hope this cameras as weatherproof as canon claims because Waavfy2gMBc-00094-00060954-00061828 it's pissin out here it is really raining it's worth it though and now Waavfy2gMBc-00095-00061828-00062141 we're at the black sand beaches and check this out Waavfy2gMBc-00096-00063688-00064152 all right it's successful day 2 yes. Erik what did you think Waavfy2gMBc-00097-00064152-00064536 how'd it go pretty good day yeah they're pretty awesome Waavfy2gMBc-00098-00064536-00064940 there you go you heard it from Steve they're pretty awesome WcKVMJAyIou-00000-00000157-00000589 And so that brings us to the end of “R: An Introduction”, and I want to make a brief WcKVMJAyIou-00001-00000589-00000689 conclusion. WcKVMJAyIou-00002-00000689-00001211 Primarily to give you some next steps, other things you can do as you learn to work more WcKVMJAyIou-00003-00001211-00001625 with R. Now, we have a lot of resources available here. WcKVMJAyIou-00004-00001625-00002178 Number 1, we have additional courses on R in datalab.cc and I encourage you to explore WcKVMJAyIou-00005-00002178-00002347 each of them. WcKVMJAyIou-00006-00002347-00002844 If you like R, you might also like working with Python, another very popular language WcKVMJAyIou-00007-00002844-00003236 for working in data science, which has the key advantage of also being the general purpose WcKVMJAyIou-00008-00003236-00003409 programing language. WcKVMJAyIou-00009-00003409-00003908 The things we can do in R, we can do almost all the same things in Python. WcKVMJAyIou-00010-00003908-00004397 And it's nice to do a compare/contrast between the two with the courses we have at datalab.cc. WcKVMJAyIou-00011-00004397-00005008 I'd also recommend you spend some time simply on the concepts and practice of data visualization. WcKVMJAyIou-00012-00005008-00005461 R has fabulous packages for data visualization, but understanding what your trying to get WcKVMJAyIou-00013-00005461-00005786 and designing quality ones is sort of the separate issue. WcKVMJAyIou-00014-00005786-00006278 And so I encourage you to get the design training from our other courses on visualization. WcKVMJAyIou-00015-00006278-00006894 And then finally, a major topic is machine learning or methods for processing large amounts WcKVMJAyIou-00016-00006894-00007453 of data and getting predictions from one set of data that can be applied usefully to others. WcKVMJAyIou-00017-00007453-00007919 We do that for both R and Python and other mechanisms here in Datalab. WcKVMJAyIou-00018-00007919-00008425 Take a look at all of them, and see how well you think you can use them in your own work. WcKVMJAyIou-00019-00008425-00008947 Now, another thing you can do, is you can try looking at the annual R useR conference WcKVMJAyIou-00020-00008947-00009348 which is useR, with a capital R!. WcKVMJAyIou-00021-00009348-00009776 There are also local R user groups or RUGS. WcKVMJAyIou-00022-00009776-00010402 And I have to say unfortunately there is not yet an official R day, but if you think about WcKVMJAyIou-00023-00010402-00010971 September 19, it's International Talk Like a Pirate Day, and we like to think because WcKVMJAyIou-00024-00010971-00011496 pirates say Arrr, so that could be our unofficial day for celebrating the statistical programming WcKVMJAyIou-00025-00011496-00012094 language R. In any case, I'd like to thank you for joining me for this and I wish you WcKVMJAyIou-00026-00012094-00012203 happy computing. Wd4-eo8KMZQ-00000-00000200-00000903 how to pdf your autocad drawings faster? if you are a drafter, an architect or Wd4-eo8KMZQ-00001-00000903-00001528 anyone who uses autocad for work you, probably create pdf Wd4-eo8KMZQ-00002-00001528-00002000 from autocad dwg files many times per day Wd4-eo8KMZQ-00003-00002000-00002416 but you don't have much time to waste, you want to create Wd4-eo8KMZQ-00004-00002416-00003127 your pdf in the least amount of time. are there any ways to do that? YES! Wd4-eo8KMZQ-00005-00003127-00003871 for example, you can make a simple lisp function to make a default pdf Wd4-eo8KMZQ-00006-00003871-00004400 save location the same folder as your current project Wd4-eo8KMZQ-00007-00004400-00004776 this way you can avoid going through thousands of folders Wd4-eo8KMZQ-00008-00004776-00005216 to find your project. are you ready? Wd4-eo8KMZQ-00009-00005719-00006055 if you are part of the lazy Arquitecto team Wd4-eo8KMZQ-00010-00006055-00006376 you'll have your plot settings ready because Wd4-eo8KMZQ-00011-00006376-00007688 you're using the auto page setup command. if not check link on the video description Wd4-eo8KMZQ-00012-00007688-00008432 so to start, let's open the visual lisp editor inside AutoCAD Wd4-eo8KMZQ-00013-00008432-00009104 by typing the VLISP command and pressing enter Wd4-eo8KMZQ-00014-00009104-00009496 and in this window we're gonna create a new lisp file Wd4-eo8KMZQ-00015-00009496-00010200 using this icon over here so click on it Wd4-eo8KMZQ-00016-00010200-00010896 and to start, we're gonna use a function, this is gonna be a simple lisp Wd4-eo8KMZQ-00017-00010896-00011328 function that is gonna perform a complex operation in autocad Wd4-eo8KMZQ-00018-00011328-00012088 let me show you. so to start since lisp in reality means Wd4-eo8KMZQ-00019-00012088-00012728 list processing, we're gonna create our first list Wd4-eo8KMZQ-00020-00012728-00013400 by open a parenthesis and we're gonna use our first function Wd4-eo8KMZQ-00021-00013400-00014112 which is the defun function, following by Wd4-eo8KMZQ-00022-00014112-00014776 the argument name of our function, which would be pdf save location Wd4-eo8KMZQ-00023-00014776-00015447 following by these two parentheses Wd4-eo8KMZQ-00024-00015447-00016184 that will be empty in this case because we won't have any other argument Wd4-eo8KMZQ-00025-00016184-00016904 in this lisp function. so let's go down now and Wd4-eo8KMZQ-00026-00016904-00017848 close this list because remember lisp means list processing so Wd4-eo8KMZQ-00027-00017848-00018528 once we have this we're gonna add inside this list whatever Wd4-eo8KMZQ-00028-00018528-00019192 we want this pdf save location function to accomplish Wd4-eo8KMZQ-00029-00019192-00019736 so we're going to open and close again a new parenthesis Wd4-eo8KMZQ-00030-00019736-00020479 and let me move it down just, just to visualize this easily Wd4-eo8KMZQ-00031-00020479-00021168 so our second function would be the SETVAR, which will set Wd4-eo8KMZQ-00032-00021168-00021872 a system variable value for us in this case the system variable Wd4-eo8KMZQ-00033-00021872-00022615 is going to be plottofilepath which we will place Wd4-eo8KMZQ-00034-00022615-00023008 inside quotation marks Wd4-eo8KMZQ-00035-00023144-00023920 and to get the value of this plot file path, we're gonna again Wd4-eo8KMZQ-00036-00023920-00024559 open and close new parenthesis and inside we're going to use the function Wd4-eo8KMZQ-00037-00024559-00025176 getvar to get the variable value Wd4-eo8KMZQ-00038-00025176-00025944 from the dwgprefix, which we will place inside Wd4-eo8KMZQ-00039-00025944-00026480 quotation marks. so dwgprefix stores the Wd4-eo8KMZQ-00040-00026480-00027256 value for the path of our plot so once we have this Wd4-eo8KMZQ-00041-00027256-00027912 we're going to need to call this function from the command line Wd4-eo8KMZQ-00042-00027912-00028695 so similar to any other autocad commands. so to in order to do this Wd4-eo8KMZQ-00043-00028695-00029160 we need to add Wd4-eo8KMZQ-00044-00029175-00030000 a c: before our argument name of this function Wd4-eo8KMZQ-00045-00030016-00030736 and again here we're gonna add this other list to Wd4-eo8KMZQ-00046-00030736-00031368 run this lisp on every drawing that we open so Wd4-eo8KMZQ-00047-00031368-00031791 for this again c: Wd4-eo8KMZQ-00048-00031832-00032688 and the name of our function in this case pdf save location Wd4-eo8KMZQ-00049-00032984-00033575 once we have that we can click file and save Wd4-eo8KMZQ-00050-00033608-00034360 and save it in a folder that i can remember and that i'm not going to move Wd4-eo8KMZQ-00051-00034360-00035088 so i'll create, i'll create a new folder called lisp and this is very important Wd4-eo8KMZQ-00052-00035088-00035447 to name this lisp Wd4-eo8KMZQ-00053-00035447-00036384 file AcadDoc and click save now we can close this Wd4-eo8KMZQ-00054-00036384-00037047 the reason we name this file AcadDoc is because we want to Wd4-eo8KMZQ-00055-00037047-00037400 take advantage of this file that AutoCAD Wd4-eo8KMZQ-00056-00037400-00038119 has it and run set on each drawing that we open. so once we Wd4-eo8KMZQ-00057-00038119-00038536 have that the last step is to open the options Wd4-eo8KMZQ-00058-00038536-00039284 panel by typing op and on the support file path Wd4-eo8KMZQ-00059-00039284-00039872 add one path for your, where you just Wd4-eo8KMZQ-00060-00039872-00040519 store your AcadDoc file so click browse Wd4-eo8KMZQ-00061-00040519-00041208 and find the folder where you just saved Wd4-eo8KMZQ-00062-00041208-00042063 your AcadDoc file, which for me is this one lisp and click open Wd4-eo8KMZQ-00063-00042063-00042624 now you can click ok and in order to be a hundred percent sure that Wd4-eo8KMZQ-00064-00042624-00043344 everything is set correctly let's close all of our drawings Wd4-eo8KMZQ-00065-00043391-00043863 and Autocad and reopen it Wd4-eo8KMZQ-00066-00044424-00044880 so let's open a new drawing Wd4-eo8KMZQ-00067-00044952-00045631 and if we now want to create a pdf by using the control+p Wd4-eo8KMZQ-00068-00045631-00046159 shortcut and pressing enter Wd4-eo8KMZQ-00069-00046216-00046847 you can see that now you'll be in the current project drawing that you Wd4-eo8KMZQ-00070-00046847-00047472 are working on. so you can click save to save your pdf Wd4-eo8KMZQ-00071-00047472-00047968 project awesome! Wd4-eo8KMZQ-00072-00047968-00048536 and this is how you save time in autocad, remember that you can save somebody's Wd4-eo8KMZQ-00073-00048536-00048944 time too by sharing this video. I'll see you here Wd4-eo8KMZQ-00074-00048944-00049584 next week! WeDGphpa9OY-00000-00000080-00000672 i've given up because i kept dying so close, and i could never get to my goal, WeDGphpa9OY-00001-00000672-00001448 and it was just too much. the lag was not able to let me go, but i didn't want to hit my ipad anymore, WeDGphpa9OY-00002-00001520-00002016 so i'm extreme about this, and i will never be able to get my goal. WgrrReDS-nk-00000-00000000-00000495 did you know that even a cheap camera can take photos like that no obviously WgrrReDS-nk-00001-00000495-00000909 the more expensive the camera the better the picture but no professional camera WgrrReDS-nk-00002-00000909-00001365 in itself can give the very incredible picture which is obtained only by photo WgrrReDS-nk-00003-00001365-00001814 editing that's why every photographer who truly wants to make great shots just WgrrReDS-nk-00004-00001814-00002184 has to learn how to edit photos before your eyes there are examples that WgrrReDS-nk-00005-00002184-00002598 clearly show what miracles editing does with photos if you wanted to improve the WgrrReDS-nk-00006-00002598-00002922 quality of your photos by spending thousands of dollars on a new WgrrReDS-nk-00007-00002922-00003314 professional camera then we are in a hurry to please you you don't have to do WgrrReDS-nk-00008-00003314-00003702 this you can simply study the course on photo editing in Lightroom and your work WgrrReDS-nk-00009-00003702-00004146 will already be many times better and there will be many more clients practice WgrrReDS-nk-00010-00004146-00004521 shows that clients often turn not to those photographers who have a camera WgrrReDS-nk-00011-00004521-00004911 for tens of thousands of dollars but to those who know how to photograph and WgrrReDS-nk-00012-00004911-00005237 edit their photos in a quality manner so right now WgrrReDS-nk-00013-00005238-00005537 follow the link in the description of this video to learn more about the WgrrReDS-nk-00014-00005538-00005738 https://goo.su/0J5l Wh56ArZtzQc-00000-00002085-00002638 Today I am going to discuss about the Cartesian theory of mind, the Cartesian theory of mind Wh56ArZtzQc-00001-00002638-00003338 revisited. Descartes, as we know, Descartes is one of the important philosophers in the Wh56ArZtzQc-00002-00003482-00004182 philosophy of mind, without Descartes philosophy of mind, it is very difficult to explain the Wh56ArZtzQc-00003-00004269-00004835 contemporary issues in philosophy of mind and cognitions. My colleague professor Ranjan Wh56ArZtzQc-00004-00004835-00005535 Panda has explained on the Cartesian dualism, but I will be explaining something different Wh56ArZtzQc-00005-00005536-00006236 from what professor panda has explained. In these sections, I will be giving much importance Wh56ArZtzQc-00006-00006310-00007009 on the Cartesian concept of mind and how the Cartesian concept of mind is an important. Wh56ArZtzQc-00007-00007037-00007737 Because, Descartes is one of the classical founders of non-computational theory of mind. Wh56ArZtzQc-00008-00007940-00008596 According to him, because the thought plays vital role in the case of mind, because the Wh56ArZtzQc-00009-00008596-00009156 essence of mind is thought and the essence of the body is extensions and we cannot attribute Wh56ArZtzQc-00010-00009156-00009856 essence of thought in a body because it is opposing each other. there and There are strong Wh56ArZtzQc-00011-00009914-00010589 distinction between mind and body according to Rene Descartes. But Descartes is not denying Wh56ArZtzQc-00012-00010589-00011214 the existence of body, rather than he is accepting the existence body, but he is saying that Wh56ArZtzQc-00013-00011214-00011789 mind is different from the body. The way he is explaining mind which is completely non-computational Wh56ArZtzQc-00014-00011789-00012489 and non-mathematical even if non-mechanical. Without a proper understanding of Descartes’s Wh56ArZtzQc-00015-00012493-00012944 view of on the mind, it is impossible to discuss contemporary philosophy of mind. Wh56ArZtzQc-00016-00012944-00013644 In these sections, I will be explaining two important things namely the existence of mind Wh56ArZtzQc-00017-00013699-00014280 and its nature, and how Descartes’s idea of mind is non-computational. Wh56ArZtzQc-00018-00014280-00014931 In the first section, I shall argue that Williams, Hintikka, Malclom, and many others philosophers Wh56ArZtzQc-00019-00014931-00015631 philosophical arguments will not cope with Descartes notions of mind. Because the way Wh56ArZtzQc-00020-00015641-00016341 they are defining the notion of a mind is neglecting the existence of mind and also Wh56ArZtzQc-00021-00016376-00017046 its nature. Secondly, I shall argue that Descartes idea of mind is non-computational because Wh56ArZtzQc-00022-00017046-00017714 the way Ryle, Quine, and other functionalists or founder of cognitive scientists defined Wh56ArZtzQc-00023-00017714-00018390 it is completely mechanical or behavioural and to which the notion of computationally Wh56ArZtzQc-00024-00018390-00019080 is applicable, and the mental qualities are credible to machines. This section is to clarify Wh56ArZtzQc-00025-00019080-00019683 Descartes’s notion of mind from subjective point of view. I believe that Descartes’s Wh56ArZtzQc-00026-00019683-00020383 notion of mind cannot be explained or characterized in a computationalistic approaches, that are Wh56ArZtzQc-00027-00020536-00021032 the subjective mental states, which we can see for from the first-person prospective Wh56ArZtzQc-00028-00021032-00021654 of their proper understanding. Let us see the Cartesian mind and its nature. Wh56ArZtzQc-00029-00021654-00022268 According to Descartes, to know something implies that there is a mind. The existence Wh56ArZtzQc-00030-00022268-00022968 of a knowing subject means that there is a mind again. He tries to find out through his Wh56ArZtzQc-00031-00023045-00023700 cogito argument that there is at least one knowing subject that is his own self. He arrives Wh56ArZtzQc-00032-00023700-00024400 at this truth through his method of doubt. The method leads Descartes to argue that the Wh56ArZtzQc-00033-00024413-00024727 whole body of knowledge might be mistaken. Wh56ArZtzQc-00034-00024727-00025427 In Descartes’s words, I quote, “I will suppose then, that everything I see is spurious. Wh56ArZtzQc-00035-00025610-00026310 I will believe that my memory tells me lies, and that none of the things that it reports Wh56ArZtzQc-00036-00026383-00027083 ever happened. I have no sense. Body, shape, extension, movement and place are chimeras”. Wh56ArZtzQc-00037-00027155-00027855 In this context, Descartes raises fundamental questions from the possible non-existence Wh56ArZtzQc-00038-00027989-00028626 of the external world and our own bodies. Thus it not follows that it is possible that Wh56ArZtzQc-00039-00028626-00029326 we are ourself do not exist. Again he replied to above question is as follows: Wh56ArZtzQc-00040-00029541-00030241 I quote “No: if I conceived myself of something then I certainly existed. But there is deceiver Wh56ArZtzQc-00041-00030602-00031302 of supreme power and cunning who is deliberately and constantly deceiving me. In that case, Wh56ArZtzQc-00042-00031373-00032073 I too undoubtedly exist, if he is deceiving and let him deceive me as much as he can, Wh56ArZtzQc-00043-00032157-00032857 he will never bring it about that I am nothing so long as I think that I am something. So Wh56ArZtzQc-00044-00033033-00033701 after considering everything very thoroughly, I must finally conclude that this proposition, Wh56ArZtzQc-00045-00033701-00034401 I am, I exist, is necessarily true whenever it is put forward by me or conceived in my Wh56ArZtzQc-00046-00034442-00034482 mind”. Wh56ArZtzQc-00047-00034482-00035182 Thus to think that one does not exist, one must exist. Therefore, one’s own non-existence Wh56ArZtzQc-00048-00035184-00035884 is un inconceivable. If I deny my own existence, the denying itself presupposes my own existence. Wh56ArZtzQc-00049-00036188-00036337 For Descartes, Wh56ArZtzQc-00050-00036337-00037037 ‘Cogito ergo sum’ is an indubitable proposition. Doubting one’s own existence presupposes Wh56ArZtzQc-00051-00037043-00037743 one’s existence. Now the question arises: What is the nature of the statement ‘cogito Wh56ArZtzQc-00052-00037819-00038519 ergo sum’? Is it a syllogistic inference like, ‘whatever thinks exists; I think; Wh56ArZtzQc-00053-00038627-00038811 therefore, I exist’? Wh56ArZtzQc-00054-00038811-00039511 For Descartes, it is not a syllogistic inference; it is rather a self-evident truth known “by Wh56ArZtzQc-00055-00039515-00040215 a simple intuition of the mind”. Thus scholars are divided among them themselves as to the Wh56ArZtzQc-00056-00040358-00040816 exact nature of the transitions from ‘cogito’ to ‘sum’. Wh56ArZtzQc-00057-00040816-00041501 Williams has shown, there is something unique about ‘cogito’ which cannot be replaced Wh56ArZtzQc-00058-00041501-00042201 by any other verb, from instance, ‘ambulo’. ‘Ambulo ergo sum’ is not as self evident Wh56ArZtzQc-00059-00042236-00042563 as ‘cogito ergo sum’. Moreover, Wh56ArZtzQc-00060-00042563-00043263 Unlike William Hintikka argues that cogito ergo sum is not an inference but a performance. Wh56ArZtzQc-00061-00043285-00043915 He says the function of the word ‘cogoto’ in Descartes’s dictum is to refer to the Wh56ArZtzQc-00062-00043915-00044615 thought act through which the existence existential self verifiability of ‘I exist’ manifests Wh56ArZtzQc-00063-00044813-00045480 itself. For him, the relation of ‘cogito’ to ‘sum’ is similar to the relation of Wh56ArZtzQc-00064-00045480-00046106 a process to its product. But truth of ‘I exist’ is revealed to one only when one Wh56ArZtzQc-00065-00046106-00046806 actively thinks just as there is illumination only when there is source of light exist. Wh56ArZtzQc-00066-00046862-00047562 The truth of ‘I exist’ cannot be revealed by any arbitrary human activity such as breathing, Wh56ArZtzQc-00067-00047674-00048365 etcetera but only by thinking. An attempt to think one’s own non-existence amounts Wh56ArZtzQc-00068-00048365-00049052 to persuading oneself to the belief that one does not exist. Though each thought include Wh56ArZtzQc-00069-00049052-00049752 the thought of one’s own non-existence, the truth of sum is very fact. The self is Wh56ArZtzQc-00070-00049849-00050386 come in to know its own existence and it is revealed in the act of thought. Wh56ArZtzQc-00071-00050386-00050993 According to Descartes, the thought act is due to the thinking thing, which is the self Wh56ArZtzQc-00072-00050993-00051692 for him. Again the thinking or the self is that which, but what then I am I a thing that Wh56ArZtzQc-00073-00051936-00052636 thinks, what is that a thing that doubt, understands, affirms, denies is willing, is unwilling, Wh56ArZtzQc-00074-00052839-00053539 and also imagines and has sensory perceptions. The existence of the thinking thing is the Wh56ArZtzQc-00075-00053616-00054135 same as the existence of the knowing thing. From this statement, it follows that there Wh56ArZtzQc-00076-00054135-00054835 is a mind, which has the power of knowing something and if there exists at least one Wh56ArZtzQc-00077-00054913-00055613 mind, it is logically and even if empirically possible that there are other minds. Now the Wh56ArZtzQc-00078-00055629-00056329 question is: if there is there is or there are minds, what is the nature or essence? Wh56ArZtzQc-00079-00056639-00057041 According to Ryle and Descartes, thought is the essence of the mind. The essence of a Wh56ArZtzQc-00080-00057041-00057662 thing is defined as that which is necessarily for its existence and if it has a non-necessary Wh56ArZtzQc-00081-00057662-00058362 relationship then we cannot accept it is existence. Therefore, thought is the essence of mind. Wh56ArZtzQc-00082-00058479-00059163 The similar way, extension is the essence of the body. Without extensions, we cannot Wh56ArZtzQc-00083-00059163-00059841 imagine a body. If we imagine some kind of extended things is existing in this space Wh56ArZtzQc-00084-00059841-00060451 and time, then we have to predict that something is existing. We cannot think that something Wh56ArZtzQc-00085-00060451-00061148 is existing which has the properties of extensions, but it is not existing in the space which Wh56ArZtzQc-00086-00061148-00061848 is one of the contradictory statements. Therefore Descartes claims that he has clear and distinct Wh56ArZtzQc-00087-00061929-00062629 perceptions or awareness that is a thinking thing and nothing other than thought belongs Wh56ArZtzQc-00088-00062673-00063122 to his nature. But on the on the other hand, Malcolm argues Wh56ArZtzQc-00089-00063122-00063766 that in identifying thought as mind’s essence Descartes employs the following principles: Wh56ArZtzQc-00090-00063766-00064466 “X is my essence if it is the case that (a) if I am aware of X, then (necessarily) Wh56ArZtzQc-00091-00064582-00065282 I am aware of myself and (b) if I am aware of I am aware of myself then (necessarily) Wh56ArZtzQc-00092-00065387-00066087 I am aware of aware to X, thinking satisfies these conditions. Ergo, thinking is my essence”. Wh56ArZtzQc-00093-00066239-00066939 Malcolm illustrates how thought along satisfy the single principle that any act of thought Wh56ArZtzQc-00094-00066992-00067655 for Descartes is identical with the act of consciousness. Consequently, if I am aware Wh56ArZtzQc-00095-00067655-00068355 of anything then I am thinking, and so if I am aware of thinking then I am thinking, Wh56ArZtzQc-00096-00068418-00069118 and if I am thinking I am aware of thinking. In Malcolm’s view, though Descartes does Wh56ArZtzQc-00097-00069137-00069837 not explicitly maintain that whatever I think. Therefore, I am aware of myself. He would Wh56ArZtzQc-00098-00069933-00070633 be drawn to accept it partly because the base support for his principle, “I think ergo, Wh56ArZtzQc-00099-00070732-00071405 I exist” is at the same time a support for the principle, “I think ergo, I am aware Wh56ArZtzQc-00100-00071405-00072105 that I exist”. So, thought satisfies the conditions (a) of the above principles. It Wh56ArZtzQc-00101-00072143-00072843 also satisfies the condition (b) as they has every act of awareness of myself is also an Wh56ArZtzQc-00102-00073014-00073694 act of my awareness of something other than myself. Since acts of thoughts are identified Wh56ArZtzQc-00103-00073694-00074347 with acts of consciousness. It follows that cognitive acts are conscious acts. Wh56ArZtzQc-00104-00074347-00074993 So far as Descartes concept of mind is concerned, because Descartes mind is one of the important Wh56ArZtzQc-00105-00074993-00075693 aspects of cognitive states and process is their phenomenolity. Our perceptions, understanding, Wh56ArZtzQc-00106-00075916-00076508 judgement, and many other mental faculties can be defined and explain only in relation Wh56ArZtzQc-00107-00076508-00077036 to consciousness. According to Descartes, the mind is a thinking substance in downed Wh56ArZtzQc-00108-00077036-00077736 with various faculties such as sensory perceptions, understanding, willing, etcetera. For him, Wh56ArZtzQc-00109-00077761-00078405 it is one and the same mind which will understand and has sensory perceptions. Wh56ArZtzQc-00110-00078405-00079037 Moreover, Descartes grant that the mind is associative with body and mind provides metaphysical Wh56ArZtzQc-00111-00079037-00079561 support with the body. These derived him to the examination of the nature of the body Wh56ArZtzQc-00112-00079561-00080223 in its metaphysical aspects that is body in the most general sense of the term. The most Wh56ArZtzQc-00113-00080223-00080849 general concept of mind attains through a clear and distinct perception of the intellect Wh56ArZtzQc-00114-00080849-00081549 is that it is an extended substance, a continuum with three dimension of length, breadth, and Wh56ArZtzQc-00115-00081617-00082261 height. As in the case of the mental substance, the extended substance through its known, Wh56ArZtzQc-00116-00082261-00082961 through its acts or modes which, according to Descartes as shape, size, position, motion, Wh56ArZtzQc-00117-00083068-00083768 rest, etcetera. Therefore, this shows that Descartes idea of mind is something non-computational. Wh56ArZtzQc-00118-00084027-00084488 Let us see how the cartesian mind is non-computational. Wh56ArZtzQc-00119-00084488-00085054 Till now we have discussed the cartesian mind and its nature. In the Cartesian scheme of Wh56ArZtzQc-00120-00085054-00085754 mind, there is no place of for computationality, because the thought act is due to the subjective Wh56ArZtzQc-00121-00085832-00086474 thinking thing, which is the self again. This subjective thinking thing or the self is that Wh56ArZtzQc-00122-00086474-00087174 which “doubts, understands, affirms, denies, is willing, is unwilling and also imagines Wh56ArZtzQc-00123-00087267-00087817 and has sensory perceptions. The existence of the thinking thing is same as the existence Wh56ArZtzQc-00124-00087817-00088089 of the subjective thinking thing, Wh56ArZtzQc-00125-00088089-00088789 because it is the subject who thinks all these subjective activities are non-computational Wh56ArZtzQc-00126-00088804-00089504 because the subjective activity is not mechanical. If it is a mechanical then we can defined Wh56ArZtzQc-00127-00089719-00090419 it objectively. Therefore, cartesian mind is subjective mind and which we can able to Wh56ArZtzQc-00128-00090437-00091137 explain from the first- person perspective. The mental processes, for Descartes, are intentional Wh56ArZtzQc-00129-00091188-00091751 and are the free acts of the thinking subject. Hence they cannot be mapped mechanically in Wh56ArZtzQc-00130-00091751-00092451 an algorithmic way or algorithmic system. Descartes concept of ‘I think’ presupposes Wh56ArZtzQc-00131-00092580-00093102 subjective experience, because it is ‘I’ who experiences the world. Descartes notion Wh56ArZtzQc-00132-00093102-00093725 of ‘I’ negates the notion of computationality in the mind. The essence of mind is thought, Wh56ArZtzQc-00133-00093725-00094412 and the acts of thoughts are identified with acts of consciousness. Therefore, it follows Wh56ArZtzQc-00134-00094412-00094947 that cognitive acts are conscious acts, but not computational acts. Wh56ArZtzQc-00135-00094947-00095647 Thus for Descartes, one of the most important aspect of cognitive states and processes is Wh56ArZtzQc-00136-00095649-00096349 their phenomenality, because our judgements, understanding, etcetera can be defined and Wh56ArZtzQc-00137-00096433-00097133 explained in relation to the consciousness not in relation to computationality. We can Wh56ArZtzQc-00138-00097179-00097879 only find computationality in machines and not in the mind, which will understand and Wh56ArZtzQc-00139-00097972-00098029 judge. Wh56ArZtzQc-00140-00098029-00098636 Descartes’ dictum, “I think, therefore, I am” not only establishes the existence Wh56ArZtzQc-00141-00098636-00099336 of the self which thinks and acts but also its freedom from mechanistic laws, to which Wh56ArZtzQc-00142-00099345-00100006 the human body is subject. Moreover, when Descartes makes the distinction between mind Wh56ArZtzQc-00143-00100006-00100706 and body, he did not say that the idea of the mind is that of a ghost, rather than or Wh56ArZtzQc-00144-00100868-00101568 ascribing that there is a ghost in the mind, or there is a ghost in the machines, or there Wh56ArZtzQc-00145-00101591-00102188 is a ghost in the body, although he did not say, but although Descartes did not say that Wh56ArZtzQc-00146-00102188-00102398 the idea of the body is that of a machine. Wh56ArZtzQc-00147-00102398-00102878 Ryle in his book, ‘The Concept Of Mind’ says that Descartes’s distinction between Wh56ArZtzQc-00148-00102878-00103578 mind and body is a myth. He argues, “I shall often speak of it, with deliberate abusiveness, Wh56ArZtzQc-00149-00103661-00104361 as ‘the dogma of the ghost in the machine’. I hope to prove that it is entirely false, Wh56ArZtzQc-00150-00104399-00104959 and false not in details, but in principles”. According to Ryle, Descartes’s distinction Wh56ArZtzQc-00151-00104959-00105659 between mind and body commits a category-mistakes, because Descartes is categorizing, dividing Wh56ArZtzQc-00152-00105725-00106197 both mind and body and that division making one kind of categorical methods. Wh56ArZtzQc-00153-00106197-00106888 As Ryle said, my descriptive purpose is to show that a family of radical category-mistake Wh56ArZtzQc-00154-00106888-00107588 is the source of the double life theory. The representation of a person as a ghost mysteriously Wh56ArZtzQc-00155-00107663-00108363 encoded in a machines and which derives from this argument because as it is true that a Wh56ArZtzQc-00156-00108495-00109096 person’s thinking, feeling, and purpose of doing cannot be described solely in the Wh56ArZtzQc-00157-00109096-00109796 idea of physics, chemistry, and physiology. Therefore, they must be described in computer Wh56ArZtzQc-00158-00109824-00110524 counterpart idioms, as the human body is a complex organized unity. So, the human mind Wh56ArZtzQc-00159-00110596-00111285 must be another complex organized unity. Though one made of a different sort of stuff and Wh56ArZtzQc-00160-00111285-00111985 with a different sort of structure or again as the human body like any other parcel of Wh56ArZtzQc-00161-00112186-00112886 matter is a field of causes and effects. So, the mind must be another filed of causes and Wh56ArZtzQc-00162-00112921-00113621 effects, though not evenly placed mechanical causes and mechanical effects. Wh56ArZtzQc-00163-00113647-00114261 In Ryle’s understanding of mind becomes as much mechanical as the body and is therefore Wh56ArZtzQc-00164-00114261-00114908 non-different from the body; however, Descartes refuse the mechanistic reading of mind as Wh56ArZtzQc-00165-00114908-00115565 you have seen. Descartes is a dualist rather than a mentalist. Descartes argument for the Wh56ArZtzQc-00166-00115565-00116177 mind which is distinct from body needs to be understood as an argument for the logical Wh56ArZtzQc-00167-00116177-00116822 possibility of their separate existence and not for the fact that they exist independent Wh56ArZtzQc-00168-00116822-00117345 of each other. The separability argument is as follows: firstly, Wh56ArZtzQc-00169-00117345-00118045 I know that everything which clearly and distinctively understand is capable of being created by Wh56ArZtzQc-00170-00118073-00118773 God are so as to correspond exactly with my understanding of it. Hence the fact that I Wh56ArZtzQc-00171-00118858-00119504 can clearly and distinctly understand and one thing apart from another is enough to Wh56ArZtzQc-00172-00119504-00120191 make certain that two things are distinct, since they are capable of being separated Wh56ArZtzQc-00173-00120191-00120798 at least by God according to Rene Descartes. The question of what kind of power is required Wh56ArZtzQc-00174-00120798-00121498 to bring about such as a person does not affect the judgement that the two things are distinct? Wh56ArZtzQc-00175-00121609-00122309 Thus simply by knowing that ‘I exist’ and seeing at the same time that absolutely Wh56ArZtzQc-00176-00122348-00123048 nothing else belongs to my nature or essence exactly that I am a thinking thing. I can Wh56ArZtzQc-00177-00123176-00123799 empower correctly that my essence consists slowly in the fact that I am a thinking thing. Wh56ArZtzQc-00178-00123799-00124499 It is true that I may have or I may anticipate that I have certainly have a body that is Wh56ArZtzQc-00179-00124788-00125425 very closely joined to me. But nevertheless on the one hand, I have a clear and distinct Wh56ArZtzQc-00180-00125425-00126125 idea of myself, in so far as I am simply think that non extended thing and on the other hand, Wh56ArZtzQc-00181-00126155-00126855 I have a distinct idea of a body in so far as, this is simply and extended non-thinking Wh56ArZtzQc-00182-00127000-00127700 thing. Accordingly it is certainly that I am really distinct from my body and can exist Wh56ArZtzQc-00183-00127764-00127867 without it. Wh56ArZtzQc-00184-00127867-00128510 Descartes has already proved in the Second Meditation, the existence of a thinking being Wh56ArZtzQc-00185-00128510-00129166 who has a clear and distinct perception of mind as a thinking, non-extended thing. This Wh56ArZtzQc-00186-00129166-00129774 is a proof of the non-mechanical mind which is different from the body subject to mechanical Wh56ArZtzQc-00187-00129774-00129860 laws. Wh56ArZtzQc-00188-00129860-00130483 Similarly, in the Fifth Meditation, he has shown that he has a clear and distinct idea Wh56ArZtzQc-00189-00130483-00131183 of a body as extended and a non-thinking substance. This is to suggest that the mechanically existing Wh56ArZtzQc-00190-00131309-00131978 body is ontologically distinct from the non-computational mind. The above distinction between mind and Wh56ArZtzQc-00191-00131978-00132678 body supposes that there is no ‘ghost’ in the human body or ‘ghost in the machine’. Wh56ArZtzQc-00192-00132761-00133238 Descartes did not admit the existence of a ghost in the machines. Had Descartes admitted Wh56ArZtzQc-00193-00133238-00133788 that there was a ghost in the human body, then the mind itself would become computational, Wh56ArZtzQc-00194-00133788-00134448 and there would be no necessary distinction between mind and body? Because the ghost itself Wh56ArZtzQc-00195-00134448-00135148 is a body. But Descartes admits the distinction between mind and body and this shows that Wh56ArZtzQc-00196-00135263-00135949 the mind is non-computational. It is mind, which has the capacity of intelligence, and Wh56ArZtzQc-00197-00135949-00136012 understanding. Wh56ArZtzQc-00198-00136012-00136712 The Cartesian way of understanding of the concept of intelligence is anti-physicalistic Wh56ArZtzQc-00199-00136722-00137422 and anti-behaviouristic and hence is anti-computational. The human mind is beyond the sphere of computationality, Wh56ArZtzQc-00200-00137569-00138269 because the human mind has innate ideas, which are embedded as the innate dispositions of Wh56ArZtzQc-00201-00138291-00138991 the human mind. These ideas are a priori in the human mind and are the basic in-born propensities. Wh56ArZtzQc-00202-00139104-00139777 Descartes objects my understanding of what a thing is what thing, what truth is, what Wh56ArZtzQc-00203-00139777-00140477 thought is, seems to derive simply from my own nature. But my hearing and noise as I Wh56ArZtzQc-00204-00140833-00141533 do now are seeing the some of some or feeling the fire, comes from thing which are located Wh56ArZtzQc-00205-00141742-00142442 outside me or show I have just. The above observation of Descartes shows that Wh56ArZtzQc-00206-00142589-00143289 innate ideas are not produced in ours by senses. If the ideas are conveyed to ours by the senses Wh56ArZtzQc-00207-00143364-00144064 like heat, sound, etc, we will not have to refer to anything outside ourselves, they Wh56ArZtzQc-00208-00144082-00144782 too would be innate. For Descartes, the ideas of pain, colours, sounds, and the light must Wh56ArZtzQc-00209-00144882-00145355 be all the more innate, if on the occasion of the certain corporeal motions. Our mind Wh56ArZtzQc-00210-00145355-00146055 is to be capable of representing them itself or there is no similarity between these ideas Wh56ArZtzQc-00211-00146363-00147057 and corporeal motions. Here it follows that there is a distinction between innate and Wh56ArZtzQc-00212-00147057-00147757 adventures ideas and that innate ideas are universal ideas whereas, adventures ideas Wh56ArZtzQc-00213-00147770-00148453 are particular ideas. As Descartes points out that hearing a noise, Wh56ArZtzQc-00214-00148453-00149153 seeing the scenes, and feeling the fire, are all particular ideas. Again it must noted Wh56ArZtzQc-00215-00149207-00149875 that the procession of the particular is not possible without the universal. Innate universal Wh56ArZtzQc-00216-00149875-00150494 ideas are necessarily required for the cognition of the particular objects in the world. Wh56ArZtzQc-00217-00150494-00151133 The following Descartes, Chomsky established that language too is an innate faculty of Wh56ArZtzQc-00218-00151133-00151833 the human species. Language becomes the essence that defines what it is to be human. Language Wh56ArZtzQc-00219-00151836-00152522 is purely a syntactic system, according to Chomsky and it therefore has a logical form Wh56ArZtzQc-00220-00152522-00152838 which is universal and innate world. Wh56ArZtzQc-00221-00152838-00153538 Language must also have been an essence; something that makes language what it is and inheres Wh56ArZtzQc-00222-00153799-00154499 in all languages. That essence is called ‘universal grammar’. Language does not arise from anything Wh56ArZtzQc-00223-00154663-00155363 bodily. Studying the brain and body can give us no additional insight into language. The Wh56ArZtzQc-00224-00155399-00156099 basic tenets of Chomsky’s linguistic are taken directly from Descartes. The only major Wh56ArZtzQc-00225-00156161-00156747 tenet of Descartes and Chomsky rejects is the instance of the mental substance different Wh56ArZtzQc-00226-00156747-00157447 from the human brain. Chomsky accepts that the human brain embodies the innate grammatical Wh56ArZtzQc-00227-00157492-00157552 structure. Wh56ArZtzQc-00228-00157552-00158252 Like Chomsky, Quine also affirms that there can be no philosophical study of mind outside Wh56ArZtzQc-00229-00158260-00158872 psychology: progress in philosophical understanding of the mind is inseparable from progress in Wh56ArZtzQc-00230-00158872-00159463 psychology, because psychology is a natural science studying a natural phenomena that Wh56ArZtzQc-00231-00159463-00160163 is a physical human subject. Quine argued a dualism of mind and body is an idle redundancy. Wh56ArZtzQc-00232-00160466-00161166 Quine posts that corresponding to every mental state; however, fitting or remotely intellectual, Wh56ArZtzQc-00233-00161191-00161891 the dualist is down to admit the existence of a body state that obtains Quine and only Wh56ArZtzQc-00234-00162092-00162712 Quine mental one obtains. The bodily state is trivially specifiable Wh56ArZtzQc-00235-00162712-00163412 in the dualist own terms is simply as the state of occupying a mind. That is the mental Wh56ArZtzQc-00236-00163414-00164114 state, listed of ascribing the one state to the mind, then we may equivalently ascribe Wh56ArZtzQc-00237-00164173-00164807 the other to the body. The mind goes by the bound and we will not be in list. Quine’s Wh56ArZtzQc-00238-00164807-00165507 position is that there are irreducible psychological properties, but all explanation is ultimately Wh56ArZtzQc-00239-00165619-00166319 physical and his account of mental concept emerges as he examines, how we acquire them Wh56ArZtzQc-00240-00166338-00167016 and how we learn. He explains such terms are applied in the light of a publicly observable Wh56ArZtzQc-00241-00167016-00167716 symptoms, bodily symptoms strictly of a bodily states and the mind is as may be. Wh56ArZtzQc-00242-00167864-00168564 Someone observes my joyful or anxious expression, or perhaps observes my gratifying, or threatening Wh56ArZtzQc-00243-00168641-00169341 situation itself or hears mental about it. See, then applies the word joy, or anxious, Wh56ArZtzQc-00244-00169449-00170149 or anxiety. After another such lessons are to find myself applying those who are to some Wh56ArZtzQc-00245-00170228-00170928 of my subsequent states in the in case, where no outward signs have to be observed beyond Wh56ArZtzQc-00246-00170987-00171687 my report itself. Without the outward sign, to begin with mentalistic terms, could not Wh56ArZtzQc-00247-00171730-00172248 be learned at all. Quine opposes the Cartesian dualism and therefore, Wh56ArZtzQc-00248-00172248-00172853 arrives at a behaviourist and funcionalistic concepts of mind. He reduces the mental states Wh56ArZtzQc-00249-00172853-00173380 like beliefs and other propositional activities to functional states. If both Chomsky and Wh56ArZtzQc-00250-00173380-00173916 Quine right about the nature of mind, then Descartes view of mind is wrong; that is if Wh56ArZtzQc-00251-00173916-00174616 that human brain is the cause of the mental states then we cannot, but arrive at the conclusion Wh56ArZtzQc-00252-00174649-00175349 that the mental states are causally computable within a physical system. Chomsky and Quine Wh56ArZtzQc-00253-00175525-00176221 define the mental qualities in terms of physical qualities. Therefore, they define mind in Wh56ArZtzQc-00254-00176221-00176921 terms of the computational functions of the brain. But in the case of Descartes’s claim, Wh56ArZtzQc-00255-00177017-00177655 but Descartes is claiming that all ideas in the mind are mental representational. Wh56ArZtzQc-00256-00177655-00178355 In the third meditation, Descartes gives an extensive account of ideas. He says that “thus Wh56ArZtzQc-00257-00178477-00179177 when I will, or am afraid, or affirm, or deny, there is always a particular thing which I Wh56ArZtzQc-00258-00179219-00179919 take as the subject of my thought, but my thought includes something more than the likeness Wh56ArZtzQc-00259-00179924-00180624 of that thing. Some thoughts in this category are called volitions or emotions, which others Wh56ArZtzQc-00260-00180733-00181433 are called judgments”. The above quotation shows that some thoughts are images of things. Wh56ArZtzQc-00261-00181524-00182224 For example, they retanant things in the world that is they have an object or content by Wh56ArZtzQc-00262-00182322-00183022 which they are individuated as an idea of this particular thing or being. Wh56ArZtzQc-00263-00183140-00183840 Descartes also considers an idea to the refer to form of the any thought. Descartes said Wh56ArZtzQc-00264-00183884-00184584 that I understand this term to mean the form of any given thought, the immediate perception Wh56ArZtzQc-00265-00184817-00185517 of which makes me aware of the thought. Hence, whenever I express something in words and Wh56ArZtzQc-00266-00185533-00186233 I understand what I am saying. This benefit makes it certain that there is within me an Wh56ArZtzQc-00267-00186277-00186977 idea of what is signifies by the what question. The ideas for Descartes are those representational Wh56ArZtzQc-00268-00187160-00187860 and intentional in character, because any ideas whatever we say, we express. It represents Wh56ArZtzQc-00269-00188221-00188833 about the facts about the world which are mental as well as physical and in the terms Wh56ArZtzQc-00270-00188833-00189452 of physical, when we actualize the things. Suppose I am feeling hungry and there is someone Wh56ArZtzQc-00271-00189452-00190152 intentional activities to the concept of hungriness and when I get my food, when I satisfy my Wh56ArZtzQc-00272-00190219-00190849 hungriness and here it is completely intentional and representational. Wh56ArZtzQc-00273-00190849-00191549 But Descartes, unlike Hobbes and Gassendi, is not a naturalist and keeps the thought Wh56ArZtzQc-00274-00191658-00192250 content free from naturalization to which Hobbes and Gassendi are committed. For them, Wh56ArZtzQc-00275-00192250-00192812 thoughts are mechanical processes in the brain. In reply to Gassendi, Descartes says that Wh56ArZtzQc-00276-00192812-00193512 I realize none of things that the imagination enable me to grasp is at all relevant to this Wh56ArZtzQc-00277-00193659-00194235 knowledge of myself which I possesses and that the mind most there could be most carefully Wh56ArZtzQc-00278-00194235-00194935 be diverted from such things, if it is to perceive its own nature as distinctly as possible Wh56ArZtzQc-00279-00195061-00195761 and the contrary, Descartes hold that individual acts of machine is as much as they are experiences Wh56ArZtzQc-00280-00195880-00196410 are relevant to grasping the nature of the mind. Because the mind is a thinking thing Wh56ArZtzQc-00281-00196410-00196722 free from the mechanistic process of the brain. Wh56ArZtzQc-00282-00196722-00197422 What separates Descartes’ dualism from the contemporary functionalism and identity theories Wh56ArZtzQc-00283-00197540-00198240 is not so much his distinction between an immaterial mind and extended material body Wh56ArZtzQc-00284-00198289-00198989 as his notion of the human being as a unity of mind and body, with the properties not Wh56ArZtzQc-00285-00199116-00199816 reducible to either mind or body, but dependent precisely on their ‘substantial’ union. Wh56ArZtzQc-00286-00199820-00200511 Descartes holds that thinking cannot be explained mechanically. His argument that brutes cannot Wh56ArZtzQc-00287-00200511-00201211 think is equivalent to an argument that machines cannot think. He thinks that no machine could Wh56ArZtzQc-00288-00201244-00201944 have the capacity of using the linguistic and other signs to express thoughts, the appropriate Wh56ArZtzQc-00289-00201977-00202621 irresponsive to meaningful speech and the capacity of intelligently or rationally in Wh56ArZtzQc-00290-00202621-00203290 all sort of situation. But what is shows special about him and language in which about to what Wh56ArZtzQc-00291-00203290-00203863 does it show that the Babier of any mechanism face to show. Wh56ArZtzQc-00292-00203863-00204563 A machine could be constructed to at are vast corresponding to bodily change in its origin. Wh56ArZtzQc-00293-00204608-00205308 It could never use spoken wires or the signs composing them as we do to declare our thoughts Wh56ArZtzQc-00294-00205465-00206071 to others because it is not considerable that the machines should produce different arrangements Wh56ArZtzQc-00295-00206071-00206771 of words. So as to give an appropriately mechanical answer to whatever is said in its presence Wh56ArZtzQc-00296-00206882-00207582 as the dualist for men can do. Secondly, if though such machines might do Wh56ArZtzQc-00297-00207613-00208313 something as well as we do them or perhaps it is better they would invitable pale in Wh56ArZtzQc-00298-00208430-00209016 others, which could revealed that they were acting not through understanding, but only Wh56ArZtzQc-00299-00209016-00209716 from the disposition of their organs whereas, region is an universal instrument which can Wh56ArZtzQc-00300-00209859-00210496 be used in all kind of situations. Their organs need some particular disposition for each Wh56ArZtzQc-00301-00210496-00211196 particular actions. Hence, it is moral impossible to have enough different one’s in a machine Wh56ArZtzQc-00302-00211378-00212078 to make it act in all contingencies of like in the way in which our region make us at Wh56ArZtzQc-00303-00212356-00212454 a Wh56ArZtzQc-00304-00212454-00213154 Descartes is drawing attention here is that firstly, no machine could have the capacity Wh56ArZtzQc-00305-00213192-00213853 to use linguistic and other signs to express thoughts and to give appropriate responses Wh56ArZtzQc-00306-00213853-00214527 to meaningful speech. Secondly, machine could not have the capacity to act intelligently Wh56ArZtzQc-00307-00214527-00215227 in all sorts of situations. Here and the moral communications have not afford in counter Wh56ArZtzQc-00308-00215296-00215894 evidence to Descartes assumption because human language is based on an entirely distinct Wh56ArZtzQc-00309-00215894-00216515 to his field nor has modern linguistic dealt with his observation in various ways. For Wh56ArZtzQc-00310-00216515-00217144 Chomsky, the main lesson to learn from the Cartesian tradition in linguistic are the Wh56ArZtzQc-00311-00217144-00217732 ideas of an innate universal grammar and the ideas that are study of structure of this Wh56ArZtzQc-00312-00217732-00218432 argument will reveal the structure of thought or mind. Descartes argument that brute or Wh56ArZtzQc-00313-00218586-00219286 machine cannot think in the light of the genuine postings what makes an utterance very symbolic Wh56ArZtzQc-00314-00219291-00219865 structure is meaningful. The kind of automatic, rule governed computations Wh56ArZtzQc-00315-00219865-00220448 or symbol processing that a Turing machine instantiates and that can be performed by Wh56ArZtzQc-00316-00220448-00221148 electronic computers would not count as thinking in Descartes sense: nor would the mechanical Wh56ArZtzQc-00317-00221150-00221830 operations of a computer or robot, no matter how ingenious or intelligent, count as rational Wh56ArZtzQc-00318-00221830-00222530 behavior as he understands it. Not only is much a view of if thinking to narrow. It is Wh56ArZtzQc-00319-00222805-00223385 based on the precise, the kind of category mistake that Ryle attributes to do Cartesians, Wh56ArZtzQc-00320-00223385-00224085 which I have already discussed, but Descartes initials is not guilty of explaining thought Wh56ArZtzQc-00321-00224286-00224453 in terms of extensions. Wh56ArZtzQc-00322-00224453-00225153 As Predawn clarifies that Descartes is not a reductionist as he feels that mind cannot Wh56ArZtzQc-00323-00225242-00225901 be reduced to anything else and it must have an autonomous existence alongside the existence Wh56ArZtzQc-00324-00225901-00226601 of the material body. Though I think of the mental reality does not deny its ‘I exist’ Wh56ArZtzQc-00325-00226650-00227350 character in the world, rather it is an affirmation of it. In that sense, we cannot say that Descartes Wh56ArZtzQc-00326-00227378-00228078 subjectivized the mental one and thus made in it into a private world. He made a brief Wh56ArZtzQc-00327-00228128-00228828 for to keep an objectimic constraints on the subjective mind and thus he explains that Wh56ArZtzQc-00328-00228944-00229567 there is a mind and which is distinct from the mind and he has categorically attributes Wh56ArZtzQc-00329-00229567-00230179 the essence of mind is thought, and the essence of body is extensions and this is because Wh56ArZtzQc-00330-00230179-00230879 Cartesian of the mind and its inner experience does not assume that we know other minds as Wh56ArZtzQc-00331-00230971-00231619 much as we know our own. That is the reason why Descartes call the Wh56ArZtzQc-00332-00231619-00232319 ‘I think’ the absolute basis of all our knowledge claims about all those and the also Wh56ArZtzQc-00333-00232434-00233134 external one. Thus the self or the mind is irreducible not explainable in terms of the Wh56ArZtzQc-00334-00233136-00233836 body or machines whenever mind or another another’s. In view of this, we can say that Wh56ArZtzQc-00335-00234158-00234855 the Cartesian philosophy of mind not based on a mistake and that it has shown the right Wh56ArZtzQc-00336-00234855-00235555 way to understand of the mind. Of course, Descartes would not have accepted Wh56ArZtzQc-00337-00235640-00236230 the idea of mechanical or computational or artificial intelligence model of mind. He Wh56ArZtzQc-00338-00236230-00236866 may still be considered and important for owner of cognitivist and computational view Wh56ArZtzQc-00339-00236866-00237531 of mind because the essence of mind is rational thinking and that rational thought or cognition Wh56ArZtzQc-00340-00237531-00238205 can be studied independently of the other phenomena like sensation and emotions that Wh56ArZtzQc-00341-00238205-00238823 Descartes stated that body depends on mental phenomena to which mind is a positive consciousness. Wh56ArZtzQc-00342-00238823-00239508 Although, Descartes did not identify mental thought with consciousness emotions awareness, Wh56ArZtzQc-00343-00239508-00240105 but regarded that all those conditions of thought while arguing the existence of mind, Wh56ArZtzQc-00344-00240105-00240805 Descartes talk about that the mind acting in some particular location in the brain to Wh56ArZtzQc-00345-00240840-00241491 contemporarily trially talk about mental processes as computational activity in the brain. But Wh56ArZtzQc-00346-00241491-00242094 Descartes would not have accepted the mechanical application of rule on syntactic structure Wh56ArZtzQc-00347-00242094-00242557 as a sufficient concern for a rational symbolic manipulation. Wh56ArZtzQc-00348-00242557-00243092 The kind of automatic, the rule-governed computation or symbol processing that a Turing machine Wh56ArZtzQc-00349-00243092-00243675 instantiates and that can be performed by electronic computers would not count thinking Wh56ArZtzQc-00350-00243675-00244352 of the Cartesian point of view. Because thinking is neither a reducible nor understand in the Wh56ArZtzQc-00351-00244352-00245021 mechanistic way and he has clearly mentioned that consciousness is a necessary condition Wh56ArZtzQc-00352-00245021-00245721 for the thought and without consciousness is very difficult to explain thought and mind, Wh56ArZtzQc-00353-00245804-00246504 and it is consciousness which is belongs to the self and it is because of that mind is Wh56ArZtzQc-00354-00246619-00247283 different from them body and it gives one kind of metaphysical explanation on the mind Wh56ArZtzQc-00355-00247283-00247983 not a metaphorical explanation on the mind. Cartesian mind is able to explain mind different Wh56ArZtzQc-00356-00248103-00248411 from the body. Thank you. WhOFy9G4qSM-00000-00000018-00000476 A new study by the Australian Housing and Urban Research Institute (AHURI) titled, ‘Mortgage WhOFy9G4qSM-00001-00000476-00001026 stress and precarious home ownership: implications for older Australians’, shows that the burden WhOFy9G4qSM-00002-00001026-00001509 of mortgage debt is leading to worsening mental health outcomes for older Australians. WhOFy9G4qSM-00003-00001509-00002004 Along with decades of increasing house prices comes decades of increasing household debt. WhOFy9G4qSM-00004-00002004-00002524 Although the property market has been falling in recent times, obviously, the debt remains. WhOFy9G4qSM-00005-00002524-00002822 Unfortunately, the Australian population is ageing. WhOFy9G4qSM-00006-00002822-00003450 This graph shows the demographic projections by age range of seniors, 2016 to 2031. WhOFy9G4qSM-00007-00003450-00003972 Due to lower birth rates and higher standards of healthcare, the proportion of older Australians WhOFy9G4qSM-00008-00003972-00004158 is steadily increasing. WhOFy9G4qSM-00009-00004158-00004644 The study found that since the late 1980s, mortgage debt for older Australians has blown WhOFy9G4qSM-00010-00004644-00004856 out by 600%. WhOFy9G4qSM-00011-00004856-00005408 Real house growth lagged behind only increasing by threefold over the same period, while incomes WhOFy9G4qSM-00012-00005408-00005538 have only doubled. WhOFy9G4qSM-00013-00005538-00006242 Older Australians’ mortgage debt to income ratio has tripled from 71% to 211%. WhOFy9G4qSM-00014-00006242-00006706 This increases the likelihood of repayment risk and mortgage payment difficulties. WhOFy9G4qSM-00015-00006706-00007214 Mortgage payment difficulties lead to decreased mental health scores for both males and females WhOFy9G4qSM-00016-00007214-00007390 — females more than males. WhOFy9G4qSM-00017-00007390-00007884 The study also showed that psychological distress scores went up for men facing late mortgage WhOFy9G4qSM-00018-00007884-00007998 payments. WhOFy9G4qSM-00019-00007998-00008526 But one statistic I found particularly worrying is that with current trends, over half of WhOFy9G4qSM-00020-00008526-00009032 all 55-64 year-olds will still be paying off a mortgage in 2031. WhOFy9G4qSM-00021-00009032-00009322 This is up from 36% in 2016. WhOFy9G4qSM-00022-00009322-00009632 Only 23% will own their home outright. WhOFy9G4qSM-00023-00009632-00009802 That’s pretty disturbing. WhOFy9G4qSM-00024-00009802-00010312 Curtin University’s Rachel Ong, lead author of the study, commented on the findings. WhOFy9G4qSM-00025-00010312-00010484 “These statistics are quite shocking. WhOFy9G4qSM-00026-00010484-00010861 More and more older Australians are finding it increasingly difficult to pay off their WhOFy9G4qSM-00027-00010862-00011070 mortgage debt before they retire. WhOFy9G4qSM-00028-00011070-00011456 Our research shows that if you are carrying a mortgage debt and having difficulty repaying WhOFy9G4qSM-00029-00011456-00011880 it in later life, then your mental health is likely to be poorer than someone who does WhOFy9G4qSM-00030-00011880-00012024 not have this issue.” WhOFy9G4qSM-00031-00012024-00012602 69-year-old Beverley Baker, chair of the Older Women's Network of NSW, is one of the growing WhOFy9G4qSM-00032-00012602-00012930 number of older Australians who are still paying off their mortgage. WhOFy9G4qSM-00033-00012930-00013440 In her role, she meets many older ladies who, due to relationship breakdowns, are struggling WhOFy9G4qSM-00034-00013440-00013582 to pay back the mortgage. WhOFy9G4qSM-00035-00013582-00013652 She said, WhOFy9G4qSM-00036-00013652-00013752 “It's depression. WhOFy9G4qSM-00037-00013752-00013934 If you ask anybody, they're depressed. WhOFy9G4qSM-00038-00013934-00014419 There has to be better ideas than this hard mortgage grab… buy sell, buy sell culture WhOFy9G4qSM-00039-00014420-00014526 that we are in. WhOFy9G4qSM-00040-00014526-00014794 A home is not an asset — a home is a need. WhOFy9G4qSM-00041-00014794-00014952 You know you have wants and needs? WhOFy9G4qSM-00042-00014952-00015066 It's a need.” WhOFy9G4qSM-00043-00015066-00015480 Ms Baker had to get a mortgage in her 50s due to a relationship breakdown. WhOFy9G4qSM-00044-00015480-00015676 She commented on these pressures. WhOFy9G4qSM-00045-00015676-00015869 “I still have eight years to go on my mortgage. WhOFy9G4qSM-00046-00015869-00016266 Fortunately, I have a job that I love and a board that still likes me and is happy to WhOFy9G4qSM-00047-00016266-00016424 have me work for them. WhOFy9G4qSM-00048-00016424-00016729 Taking a mortgage on at 52, it's a different ballgame. WhOFy9G4qSM-00049-00016729-00017195 I'm not expected to work until I am 77, but that's the reality — I have to work until WhOFy9G4qSM-00050-00017196-00017332 I am 77.” WhOFy9G4qSM-00051-00017332-00017850 The study also found that by 2031, there will be a 60% increase in demand for Commonwealth WhOFy9G4qSM-00052-00017850-00018607 Rent Assistance, increasing the budget cost from $972 million in 2016, to $1.55 billion WhOFy9G4qSM-00053-00018607-00018760 in 2031. WhOFy9G4qSM-00054-00018760-00019242 For people aged 55 and over, the unmet demand for public housing is expected to rise by WhOFy9G4qSM-00055-00019242-00019400 78%. WhOFy9G4qSM-00056-00019400-00019580 Rachel Ong commented, WhOFy9G4qSM-00057-00019580-00019928 “Governments can expect that will create quite a lot of pressure in terms of the amount WhOFy9G4qSM-00058-00019928-00020310 of funds that they will have to divert to the aged pension system. WhOFy9G4qSM-00059-00020310-00020656 When I saw these numbers, I actually felt quite insecure myself. WhOFy9G4qSM-00060-00020656-00021084 I felt insecure about my future, because like many other Australians, I am someone who would WhOFy9G4qSM-00061-00021084-00021446 be looking at carrying mortgage debt for quite a long time yet.” WhOFy9G4qSM-00062-00021446-00021836 Ms Baker pondered on what would happen if she could no longer work and had to sell her WhOFy9G4qSM-00063-00021836-00021912 house. WhOFy9G4qSM-00064-00021912-00021984 She said, WhOFy9G4qSM-00065-00021984-00022358 “Yes, I would get a lot more than I paid for it, but that doesn't give me a home, and WhOFy9G4qSM-00066-00022358-00022804 it doesn't ensure that I could replace my house if I could no longer work and couldn't WhOFy9G4qSM-00067-00022804-00022918 pay the mortgage. WhOFy9G4qSM-00068-00022918-00023313 Where I live, I would never be able to stay there — to have my friends around me; to WhOFy9G4qSM-00069-00023313-00023706 have easy access to the train station — I'm two minutes from the station. WhOFy9G4qSM-00070-00023706-00023998 Those things are really important as you get older in life.” WhOFy9G4qSM-00071-00023998-00024150 What are your thoughts on this new study? WhOFy9G4qSM-00072-00024150-00024532 Are house prices increasingly hurting our elderly citizens? WhOFy9G4qSM-00073-00024532-00024742 Or are house prices just hurting everybody? WhOFy9G4qSM-00074-00024742-00025224 Have we let greed rule the roost in Australia and stuff anybody who dares question the status WhOFy9G4qSM-00075-00025224-00025312 quo? WhOFy9G4qSM-00076-00025312-00025672 Has Australia just become a greedy and mean society? WjmBQ7T0Nwk-00000-00000008-00000222 Director: Hey James, where's the helmet for the shoot? James: Yeah, I'm on it. WjmBQ7T0Nwk-00001-00000244-00000594 IVR: Thank you for calling Online Racing Helmets. James: Yes, uh "Track my helmet". WjmBQ7T0Nwk-00002-00000610-00001106 IVR: Did you say, trick my hermit? James: No. Um, "Track. My. Helmet." WjmBQ7T0Nwk-00003-00001134-00001356 IVR: Track my herman? James: No, "track my shipment." WjmBQ7T0Nwk-00004-00001356-00001486 IVR: Truck my equipment? WjmBQ7T0Nwk-00005-00001486-00001684 No! Just, can you get me an operator? WjmBQ7T0Nwk-00006-00001688-00001805 IVR: Cooperator? WjmBQ7T0Nwk-00007-00001814-00002010 Can I please just be connected with the shipping department? WjmBQ7T0Nwk-00008-00002010-00002181 IVR: Tripping apartment? WjmBQ7T0Nwk-00009-00002182-00002306 Look man, I just need my helmet. WjmBQ7T0Nwk-00010-00002366-00002644 Don't let poor customer service diminish your brand. WjmBQ7T0Nwk-00011-00002644-00002964 Drive personalized customer experiences with Genesys. WmHX4PGxSgQ-00000-00000000-00000200 Use sumif in Google sheet X0tqSYMKtjA-00000-00001158-00001804 welcome to the appendicular skeleton the arms legs and their girdles. The skeleton X0tqSYMKtjA-00001-00001804-00002305 is divided into two major portions the axial skeleton and the appendicular X0tqSYMKtjA-00002-00002305-00002868 skeleton. the axial skeleton consists of the bones of the skull, the vertebral X0tqSYMKtjA-00003-00002868-00003444 column, and the ribcage. the appendicular skeleton consists of the bones of the X0tqSYMKtjA-00004-00003444-00003835 upper and lower limbs, and the bony girdles that support them on the body X0tqSYMKtjA-00005-00003835-00004432 trunk. this learning object examines the appendicular skeleton. X0tqSYMKtjA-00006-00004432-00004999 the pectoral girdle is composed of two clavicles and two scapula, one set for X0tqSYMKtjA-00007-00004999-00005571 each arm. the clavicle or collarbone is easy to recognize because of its S shape. X0tqSYMKtjA-00008-00005571-00006195 the scapula or shoulder blade is flat and irregular. X0tqSYMKtjA-00009-00006495-00007006 the glenoid fossa or cavity forms the arm socket with the head of the humerus. X0tqSYMKtjA-00010-00007006-00007509 all shoulder movements include the sternoclavicular joint. the only body X0tqSYMKtjA-00011-00007509-00007918 joint attaching the girdle to the trunk which is formed by the medial end of the X0tqSYMKtjA-00012-00007918-00008232 clavicle and the sternum. X0tqSYMKtjA-00013-00008480-00008990 The upper arm is called the humerus. the upper extremity of the humerus consists X0tqSYMKtjA-00014-00008990-00009482 of the bones large rounded head also located on the humerus are the coronoid X0tqSYMKtjA-00015-00009482-00009974 and olecranon fossa which accommodate the forearm bones during movement at the X0tqSYMKtjA-00016-00009974-00010204 elbow. X0tqSYMKtjA-00017-00010258-00010853 the two lower arm bones are the lateral positioned radius and medial positioned X0tqSYMKtjA-00018-00010853-00011097 ulna X0tqSYMKtjA-00019-00011199-00011761 the hand contains 27 bones including eight carpal bones and five metacarpal X0tqSYMKtjA-00020-00011761-00012256 bones. four fingers each have three phalanges but the thumb only has two X0tqSYMKtjA-00021-00012256-00012519 phalanges. X0tqSYMKtjA-00022-00012590-00013013 Hip bones that comprise the pelvic girdle are much larger than the bones in the X0tqSYMKtjA-00023-00013013-00013437 shoulder girdle in order to help the body bear weight. the hip bones are also X0tqSYMKtjA-00024-00013437-00014147 called the Oz coxy each coxa is made up of the ilium ischium and pubis X0tqSYMKtjA-00025-00014391-00014986 the upper leg consists of one bone the femur is the longest and strongest bone X0tqSYMKtjA-00026-00014986-00015495 in your body the lower leg has two bones the medial X0tqSYMKtjA-00027-00015495-00016150 bigger and stronger tibia and the lateral deeper and inferior fibula the X0tqSYMKtjA-00028-00016150-00016558 seven weight-bearing tarsals or ankle bones are much larger and stronger than X0tqSYMKtjA-00029-00016558-00017062 the wrist or carpal bones the largest tarsal bone is the calcaneus or heel X0tqSYMKtjA-00030-00017062-00017722 bone five metatarsals form the ball of the foot the foot has a total of 26 X0tqSYMKtjA-00031-00017722-00018175 bones including three phalanges for each toe except for the big toe which has two X0tqSYMKtjA-00032-00018175-00018670 the foot also contains built-in longitudinal and transverse arches for X0tqSYMKtjA-00033-00018670-00018933 weight support. X0tqSYMKtjA-00034-00019192-00019684 congratulations you have completed this learning activity X2_cW22ntgM-00000-00000886-00001661 (Talking to Wall-E) go lay down should be behind me there we go bud. hey everyone this is X2_cW22ntgM-00001-00001661-00002376 Mary over here images on the page so I haven't really been posting videos X2_cW22ntgM-00002-00002376-00002894 because I've been pretty crazy busy and today I'm actually gonna be doing a haul X2_cW22ntgM-00003-00002894-00003486 video cuz me and one of my best friends Alison actually went up on a road trip X2_cW22ntgM-00004-00003486-00003989 up to Canada into Toronto eventually to see the Niagara Falls but we were in X2_cW22ntgM-00005-00003989-00004461 Toronto for like four days and of course me being me I had to stop at a couple of X2_cW22ntgM-00006-00004461-00004902 bookstores one actually planned on and one I just happened upon and this is X2_cW22ntgM-00007-00004902-00005369 Molly and he is feeling very attention hungry because I've been gone for nine X2_cW22ntgM-00008-00005369-00006146 days so you get to see his adorableness actually in video because he usually X2_cW22ntgM-00009-00006146-00006890 hates this so the first book store I well the books are actually plan on X2_cW22ntgM-00010-00006890-00007829 stopping at was one of the oldest LGBTQIA bookstores it was in a really X2_cW22ntgM-00011-00007829-00008315 interesting part of like old town Toronto I believe they had some really X2_cW22ntgM-00012-00008315-00008697 cool pictures I might show them up here well here's a picture of what the X2_cW22ntgM-00013-00008697-00009327 bookstore looked like from the outside and then I only got three books there X2_cW22ntgM-00014-00009327-00009861 just because I know it was really really hot when we were there surprisingly it X2_cW22ntgM-00015-00009861-00010400 was like 80 something Fahrenheit not Celsius clay don't know what that is but X2_cW22ntgM-00016-00010400-00011013 it was awful oh I did not plan on that I have like jeans and like t-shirts it's X2_cW22ntgM-00017-00011013-00011361 just too high it was like shorts and take top weather but so I got a few X2_cW22ntgM-00018-00011361-00011606 books there X2_cW22ntgM-00019-00011675-00012127 one of which I mean I could have gotten here but I was there so I got it it is X2_cW22ntgM-00020-00012127-00012623 all out it's this short story collection probably heard a bit about it on X2_cW22ntgM-00021-00012623-00013331 booktube i know it's then talked about a little by it's just like short stories X2_cW22ntgM-00022-00013331-00014119 about teens throughout the ages who are somewhat on the LGBTQIA spectrum in one X2_cW22ntgM-00023-00014119-00014612 way or another and I've just really been kind of wanting to have this and I just X2_cW22ntgM-00024-00014612-00015119 keep putting it off because it was just like well it's a lot of money blah blah X2_cW22ntgM-00025-00015119-00015509 blah well I was there it's an independent bookstore so I was like hey X2_cW22ntgM-00026-00015509-00016063 I'm never gonna be there again probably I mean I might go back eventually and X2_cW22ntgM-00027-00016063-00016454 I'm help supporting a local business that is my validation for all these X2_cW22ntgM-00028-00016454-00016907 books I spent way too much money on books it's like my the most things I X2_cW22ntgM-00029-00016907-00017429 bought well on my trip and no one is surprised by that but anyway this is all X2_cW22ntgM-00030-00017429-00017920 out I'm really excited to read it the next one I got is also a short story X2_cW22ntgM-00031-00017920-00018341 collection and I are usually one for those but I'm not just literally X2_cW22ntgM-00032-00018341-00018740 interesting it's called dates - I really like the X2_cW22ntgM-00033-00018740-00019061 cover of this one they had a dates one but I went with this one for some reason X2_cW22ntgM-00034-00019061-00020057 this is also anthology of queer historical stories and so but this is X2_cW22ntgM-00035-00020057-00020693 done in graphic novel form so they're actually like obviously drawn so I X2_cW22ntgM-00036-00020693-00021089 thought that was really interesting and then the last one I got which is what X2_cW22ntgM-00037-00021089-00021640 I've been really wanting but I just keep putting it off because it was just X2_cW22ntgM-00038-00021661-00022244 really expensive but again the validation of you at being a local X2_cW22ntgM-00039-00022244-00022723 bookstore helping independent bookstores anyway this is the book it's called full X2_cW22ntgM-00040-00022723-00023726 metal and indigenous tin this it's a book of poetry and it says the back says X2_cW22ntgM-00041-00023726-00024197 this poetry collection focused on a hybridized ended in digit we're X2_cW22ntgM-00042-00024197-00024725 trickster character names ZOA who brings together the core the organic and the X2_cW22ntgM-00043-00024725-00025061 technological to reboot off' i and Rima X2_cW22ntgM-00044-00025061-00025933 right yeah so I thought this was just really interesting and it's kind of like X2_cW22ntgM-00045-00025933-00026614 that mix between old world new world so I was just kind of really excited to X2_cW22ntgM-00046-00026614-00027202 read it also the girl who I talked to was super helpful super friendly all all X2_cW22ntgM-00047-00027202-00027668 the staff there were friendly and she also was more than willing to give me X2_cW22ntgM-00048-00027668-00028777 some recommendations about more queer indigenous people artists like there's X2_cW22ntgM-00049-00028777-00029287 the name of the cover artist and I'll link all this information down below but X2_cW22ntgM-00050-00029287-00029822 yeah fortunately I did not have a chance to go see either I think either of their X2_cW22ntgM-00051-00029822-00030230 exhibits one of them was an artist who might have had a Danks of it and I X2_cW22ntgM-00052-00030230-00030766 didn't have time to go see that because we weren't very busy but I'm hoping to X2_cW22ntgM-00053-00030766-00031388 look up some of their artwork soon now the second bookstore we went to was one X2_cW22ntgM-00054-00031388-00031870 we just happened upon we were walking and so we were basically in like the X2_cW22ntgM-00055-00031870-00032354 heart of Chinatown in Toronto she hit the super 8 which is above a Chinese X2_cW22ntgM-00056-00032354-00032752 mall super nice hotel like if you think of super a is bad like this was a really X2_cW22ntgM-00057-00032752-00033332 nice hotel us one of the nicer hotels I've stayed at um but so we kind of were X2_cW22ntgM-00058-00033332-00033704 walking around there's this really cool place called graffiti alley which is X2_cW22ntgM-00059-00033704-00034151 more than one alley I mean it is like one really long aisle it just keeps X2_cW22ntgM-00060-00034151-00034535 going but then it's like all these little alleys parallel to would also X2_cW22ntgM-00061-00034535-00034985 have graffiti on them super pretty the some of the art in there is just like X2_cW22ntgM-00062-00034985-00035621 phenomenal that people can do this with spray cans like I can't imagine I mean I X2_cW22ntgM-00063-00035621-00036044 can't but like oh my goodness and it also intersects with this place called X2_cW22ntgM-00064-00036044-00036656 Kensington Market which is just like this kind of I don't wanna say clash X2_cW22ntgM-00065-00036656-00037031 because that makes it sound bad but like this combination of all these different X2_cW22ntgM-00066-00037031-00037607 cultures and vibes and it was just really cool we're rocking around there X2_cW22ntgM-00067-00037607-00037943 to look for something to eat and of course we stumbled upon it's called the X2_cW22ntgM-00068-00037943-00038426 bug Eileen it's a solely comic in like Mong X2_cW22ntgM-00069-00038426-00038988 bookstore so they only had like graphic novels comics manga like that was it X2_cW22ntgM-00070-00038988-00039420 nothing like a normal novel which was really cool and it was like a pretty big X2_cW22ntgM-00071-00039420-00040029 place it went like into three buildings and of course I spent even more there X2_cW22ntgM-00072-00040029-00040661 it's not way too much but they are really cool check them out they have a X2_cW22ntgM-00073-00040661-00041223 wide variety of things different like diversity things they had a couple of X2_cW22ntgM-00074-00041223-00041814 they had like a cool stand about stuff done by local canadian authors and X2_cW22ntgM-00075-00041814-00042273 artists and so that was really awesome to find I love those because like my X2_cW22ntgM-00076-00042273-00042632 favorite thing when traveling is when you have a day and I always recommend X2_cW22ntgM-00077-00042632-00042993 this is if you kind of give yourself a day we have a couple of small things X2_cW22ntgM-00078-00042993-00043398 planned because like graffiti alley in Kensington Market was right by our hotel X2_cW22ntgM-00079-00043398-00043878 so it was literally like a five minute walk to the graffiti alley and we just X2_cW22ntgM-00080-00043878-00044184 walked it on the market and then walk down the alley we just continued walking X2_cW22ntgM-00081-00044184-00044673 around because we want to go back to our hotel at noon and we just found like X2_cW22ntgM-00082-00044673-00045012 this really cool place to eat we found this bookstore like you can find some of X2_cW22ntgM-00083-00045012-00045345 the coolest things that way if you're like what you don't 100% plan everything X2_cW22ntgM-00084-00045345-00045843 because then you know we went to go see the big tourist attractions but like and X2_cW22ntgM-00085-00045843-00046248 those were cool and don't get me wrong this is really awesome but I like the X2_cW22ntgM-00086-00046248-00046683 littler things cuz it just says more I think about the city and that might just X2_cW22ntgM-00087-00046683-00047313 meet me anyway long ran over um like I said I got a lot here I'm not actually X2_cW22ntgM-00088-00047313-00047640 showing everything cuz I got some for my friends and I don't want them to see it X2_cW22ntgM-00089-00047640-00048054 before I give it to them the first one is been going around booktube and I was X2_cW22ntgM-00090-00048054-00048378 so happy I found it I mean I could have got it on the Amazon but once again X2_cW22ntgM-00091-00048378-00048948 local bookstore never gonna probably be back to Toronto well highly unlikely X2_cW22ntgM-00092-00048948-00049443 I'll be back to Toronto least anytime soon so I was like I might as well and I X2_cW22ntgM-00093-00049443-00049908 have the money so I got finally got check please anyway this has been going X2_cW22ntgM-00094-00049908-00050283 around book - everyone's really excited about it I know it was a webcomic and X2_cW22ntgM-00095-00050283-00050871 then she self-published I think this has actually been this let X2_cW22ntgM-00096-00050871-00051546 me see this is the one that's been picked up by like X2_cW22ntgM-00097-00051546-00052122 publisher but anyway so yeah it's like pretty big it's really hefty its X2_cW22ntgM-00098-00052122-00052719 hardcover really nice but yeah so I finally got it finally got to Rita are X2_cW22ntgM-00099-00052719-00053184 finally going to read it I haven't got a chance to I got home yesterday and I did X2_cW22ntgM-00100-00053184-00053682 nothing yesterday I didn't I mean I literally unpacked my bag but I didn't X2_cW22ntgM-00101-00053682-00054000 put any of the stuff in my bag away so it's just sitting in our living room X2_cW22ntgM-00102-00054000-00054822 taking up space yeah super excited the next one I got is one I've already read X2_cW22ntgM-00103-00054822-00055254 but I had to get it cuz I do want to own them as hardcover that's offense this is X2_cW22ntgM-00104-00055254-00055761 the first volume I talked about this I read this on August I've had the entire X2_cW22ntgM-00105-00055761-00056226 series of what was out and I don't actually have my August wrapped up X2_cW22ntgM-00106-00056226-00056630 posted yet I'll post that eventually cuz there's some really cool books that I X2_cW22ntgM-00107-00056630-00057072 read that I would really like to tell you guys about but anyway so I was there X2_cW22ntgM-00108-00057072-00057932 it was there and I bought it this is one of the ones that was on that display of X2_cW22ntgM-00109-00057932-00058683 done by like local Canadian authors and artists it's called child soldiers when X2_cW22ntgM-00110-00058683-00059244 boys and girls are used in war and I'm I'm a big fan of like using graphic X2_cW22ntgM-00111-00059244-00059625 novels and comics to tell kind of nonfiction historical ways cuz it's just X2_cW22ntgM-00112-00059625-00060027 a really interesting way and it helps you at least for me it helps me connect X2_cW22ntgM-00113-00060027-00060735 better with the story because it's very on the page it's not clinical in any way X2_cW22ntgM-00114-00060735-00061095 it's not just like a whole bunch of numbers like oh I love how many people X2_cW22ntgM-00115-00061095-00061509 went to the war this many people died like that it gives me a character or X2_cW22ntgM-00116-00061509-00062030 characters to connect to and I know this is probably gonna break my heart I mean X2_cW22ntgM-00117-00062030-00062427 obviously it's in the title like when kids go to war like come on it's in the X2_cW22ntgM-00118-00062427-00063204 title but I just I was super interested in it and I love kind of like and they X2_cW22ntgM-00119-00063204-00063549 don't know if this is nonfiction or not but like things that are like that that X2_cW22ntgM-00120-00063549-00064359 tell you more about history in a new way the next one I got it's called spectacle X2_cW22ntgM-00121-00064359-00064887 it's about this but I was just like this practical X2_cW22ntgM-00122-00064887-00065291 engineer Ana works as a psychic in the Samson Brothers circus she doesn't X2_cW22ntgM-00123-00065291-00065610 believe in anything supernatural until her twin sister cat is murdered and X2_cW22ntgM-00124-00065610-00066047 comes back as a very demanding ghost and that just sounds like really fun a X2_cW22ntgM-00125-00066047-00066854 recipe for sudden high jinks and arguments and awesome stuff also the art X2_cW22ntgM-00126-00067211-00067923 the last one I got it's called a wayward copper just looked really cool the X2_cW22ntgM-00127-00067923-00068292 synopsis is Rory Lane is trying to start a new life which your nights with her X2_cW22ntgM-00128-00068292-00068682 mother in Japan but ancient creatures lurking in the shadows of Tokyo sent X2_cW22ntgM-00129-00068682-00068937 something hidden deep within her threatening everything she holds dear X2_cW22ntgM-00130-00068937-00069423 can she lock the secrets of her power before it's too late and it's like the X2_cW22ntgM-00131-00069423-00070104 only fantasy is supernatural like comic no often read those weirdly not even X2_cW22ntgM-00132-00070104-00070680 lost like my favorite book genre but so I thought I'd give this a try once again X2_cW22ntgM-00133-00070680-00071712 the cover was really cool I didn't know if I would ever be there again and this X2_cW22ntgM-00134-00071712-00072167 looks like it's a obviously series which means you have to find it somewhere X2_cW22ntgM-00135-00072167-00072765 there's also these cool there's like glossary in the back like the different X2_cW22ntgM-00136-00072765-00073524 creatures and stuff so yeah so that was my book haul from Canada I would highly X2_cW22ntgM-00137-00073524-00073953 recommend going to well you've been in your own City just like traveling around X2_cW22ntgM-00138-00073953-00074574 and seeing if you can find like little hidden bookstore gems but Toronto is X2_cW22ntgM-00139-00074574-00075108 also awesome I mean it's gigantic and there's when I X2_cW22ntgM-00140-00075108-00075567 recommend driving but if you ever get a chance to go I would probably highly X2_cW22ntgM-00141-00075567-00077080 recommend it but until the next video Tata for now X5uM6jdpc4E-00000-00001080-00001642 in the wild hyenas often face dangerous prey and formidable competitors risking their lives X5uM6jdpc4E-00001-00001642-00002177 in the hunt for survival here we'll explore five moments where hyenas face the bitter X5uM6jdpc4E-00002-00002177-00002974 ending highlighting the challenges and risks they face in their daily struggle for survival X5uM6jdpc4E-00003-00002974-00003159 [Music] X5uM6jdpc4E-00004-00003159-00003719 a group of about 20 wild dogs were seen searching for food and something caught their attention X5uM6jdpc4E-00005-00003719-00004282 they spotted a herd of antelopes which are an ideal prey for hunting and began to approach X5uM6jdpc4E-00006-00004282-00004864 them however their attention was diverted as they encountered a hyena and rushed towards X5uM6jdpc4E-00007-00004864-00005557 it deliberately provoking it this is not uncommon as hyenas are known to steal food from wild X5uM6jdpc4E-00008-00005557-00006171 dogs which can lead to animosity between the two species the wild dogs launched a fierce X5uM6jdpc4E-00009-00006171-00006879 attack on the hyena surrounding and torturing it leaving it with no Escape despite the hyena X5uM6jdpc4E-00010-00006879-00007301 attempting to fight back and be aggressive it was clearly weaker than the wild dogs and X5uM6jdpc4E-00011-00007301-00007868 sustained serious injuries from the repeated attacks this constant torture and aggression X5uM6jdpc4E-00012-00007868-00008497 was the result of the wild dog's anger towards hyenas for stealing their food it is unfortunate X5uM6jdpc4E-00013-00008497-00008968 that the hyena had to suffer in this way but it is the law of nature that Predators must X5uM6jdpc4E-00014-00008968-00009589 fight to protect their food sources stealing food from predators is not always successful X5uM6jdpc4E-00015-00009589-00010192 as demonstrated in this case the Hyena's fate serves as a reminder that nature can be both X5uM6jdpc4E-00016-00010192-00010682 beautiful and brutal and that we must respect the balance that exists in the natural world X5uM6jdpc4E-00017-00010682-00011375 oh X5uM6jdpc4E-00018-00011375-00012011 often associated with their cunning and unscrupulous Behavior in this instance a herd of hyenas X5uM6jdpc4E-00019-00012011-00012550 attacked a lone lion causing it to become infuriated despite the Lion's strength and X5uM6jdpc4E-00020-00012550-00013191 power the hyenas proved to be tenacious and continued to torment the lion the lion frantically X5uM6jdpc4E-00021-00013191-00013744 charged into counter-attack but the situation seemed to have no end as the hyenas persisted X5uM6jdpc4E-00022-00013744-00014330 in surrounding and provoking it however luck was on the Lion's side as its comrades came X5uM6jdpc4E-00023-00014330-00014972 to its Aid quickly chasing away the hyenas with renewed strength the lion rushed back X5uM6jdpc4E-00024-00014972-00015596 into the herd of hyenas attacking and catching one of them off guard this time the tables X5uM6jdpc4E-00025-00015596-00016105 had turned and the hyena found itself in the Lion's territory unaware that it was in the X5uM6jdpc4E-00026-00016105-00016790 wrong place at the wrong time sadly this recklessness proved to be fatal and the hyena was quickly X5uM6jdpc4E-00027-00016790-00017478 caught and continuously tortured by the lion leaving it with no chance to resist or survive X5uM6jdpc4E-00028-00017478-00017914 this tragic ending serves as a reminder that greed and recklessness can lead to dangerous X5uM6jdpc4E-00029-00017914-00018475 consequences in the animal kingdom while lions are known as mighty hunters and rulers of X5uM6jdpc4E-00030-00018475-00019094 Africa hyenas are opportunistic and brutal Predators who should not be underestimated X5uM6jdpc4E-00031-00019094-00019617 in conclusion this encounter between a herd of hyenas and a lone lion ended in tragedy X5uM6jdpc4E-00032-00019617-00020170 for the hyena who paid the ultimate price for its Reckless Behavior the natural world X5uM6jdpc4E-00033-00020170-00020690 is full of beauty and brutality and we must respect the balance that exists between predator X5uM6jdpc4E-00034-00020690-00021904 and prey X5uM6jdpc4E-00035-00021904-00022472 hyenas are often considered to be scavengers but in reality they are skilled thieves in X5uM6jdpc4E-00036-00022472-00023004 a remarkable incident captured on camera a young Impala was attacked by a python and X5uM6jdpc4E-00037-00023004-00023604 while the Impala fought for its life a hyena attempted to steal the prey from the snake X5uM6jdpc4E-00038-00023604-00024087 undeterred the hyena persisted until it managed to grab the carcass of the Impala and make X5uM6jdpc4E-00039-00024087-00024638 off with it however this time things were different instead of a small python it was X5uM6jdpc4E-00040-00024638-00025214 a giant python that appeared on the scene despite its thievery skills the hyena was X5uM6jdpc4E-00041-00025214-00025769 unable to save itself from becoming the meal of the Python this serves as a reminder that X5uM6jdpc4E-00042-00025769-00026357 life is fragile and even the most skilled Hunter can become prey the moral of the story X5uM6jdpc4E-00043-00026357-00026816 is that stealing from other animals for personal gain can lead to dire consequences X5uM6jdpc4E-00044-00026816-00028062 [Music] X5uM6jdpc4E-00045-00028062-00029819 [Music] stealing prey from leopards in a fierce battle between a hyena and a leopard over X5uM6jdpc4E-00046-00029819-00030308 a wild boar it seems that the greedy hyena often takes advantage of the opportunity to X5uM6jdpc4E-00047-00030308-00032288 steal food from the others X5uM6jdpc4E-00048-00032288-00032881 this time Haya continued her old habit of stealing the leopard's food however the leopard X5uM6jdpc4E-00049-00032881-00033491 is not ready to forgive the thief and constantly tries to get its prey the uninvited guests X5uM6jdpc4E-00050-00033491-00034038 the hyena does not give up and often spies and tries to steal the leopard's food causing X5uM6jdpc4E-00051-00034038-00034588 the enraged Hunter to drag the carcass of its prey back up the tree the hyenas movements X5uM6jdpc4E-00052-00034588-00035206 caused the enraged leopard to attack it resulting in severe injuries to the hyena and eventually X5uM6jdpc4E-00053-00035206-00035681 leading to the extinction of the sloth species that specializes in stealing food from other X5uM6jdpc4E-00054-00035681-00036890 animals X5uM6jdpc4E-00055-00036890-00037334 hyenas are highly voracious Predators on land and have the ability to hunt down large animals X5uM6jdpc4E-00056-00037334-00038018 such as wild buffalo in one instance a group of hyenas pursued and attacked a water buffalo X5uM6jdpc4E-00057-00038018-00038549 and later targeted a cape buffalo calf in their Pursuit for food despite the mother's X5uM6jdpc4E-00058-00038549-00039022 efforts to protect her calf the hyenas were persistent and ultimately killed the young X5uM6jdpc4E-00059-00039022-00039838 Buffalo causing the mother to flee although the as the hyenas continued to attack a small X5uM6jdpc4E-00060-00039838-00040258 buffalo in the midst of a large herd they are constantly being chased Away by the rest X5uM6jdpc4E-00061-00040258-00040839 of the Buffalo however hyenas are known for their stubbornness and they refuse to give X5uM6jdpc4E-00062-00040839-00041413 up until they achieve their goal they continue to pursue the small Buffalo despite the obvious X5uM6jdpc4E-00063-00041413-00042050 danger that surrounds them suddenly out of nowhere a gigantic Buffalo charges towards X5uM6jdpc4E-00064-00042050-00042732 the hyenas the hyenas tried to escape but it's too late the Buffalo strikes them with X5uM6jdpc4E-00065-00042732-00043437 its powerful horns leaving one of the hyenas seriously injured with broken legs now the X5uM6jdpc4E-00066-00043437-00044019 hyena faces a difficult challenge it struggles to move around with its broken legs making X5uM6jdpc4E-00067-00044019-00044536 it difficult to keep up with the rest of the pack this once formidable Predator is now X5uM6jdpc4E-00068-00044536-00044991 reduced to a weakened State vulnerable to attack from any other Predator that comes X5uM6jdpc4E-00069-00044991-00045670 its way the Hyena's fate is a stark reminder of the dangers of hunting in the wild even X5uM6jdpc4E-00070-00045670-00046161 the most skilled predators are not immune to the risks that come with the hunt as we X5uM6jdpc4E-00071-00046161-00046872 observe this hyenas struggle to survive we are reminded of the fragile balance of life X5uM6jdpc4E-00072-00046872-00047163 in the animal kingdom and the importance of respecting All Creatures and their place in X5uM6jdpc4E-00073-00047163-00047263 the natural world X5uM6jdpc4E-00074-00047263-00047263 foreign X5MZDSMJ6Vu-00000-00001004-00001280 Wolf is a new GameStream backend that allows you X5MZDSMJ6Vu-00001-00001280-00001722 to stream video and audio to any compatible client. X5MZDSMJ6Vu-00002-00001722-00001929 Wolf is built on top of Gstreamer X5MZDSMJ6Vu-00003-00001929-00002295 a powerful library for constructing audio and video pipelines X5MZDSMJ6Vu-00004-00002295-00002478 By mixing and matching from hundreds of plugins X5MZDSMJ6Vu-00005-00002478-00002856 you'll be able touse Wolf for a wide variety of tasks: X5MZDSMJ6Vu-00006-00003120-00003475 You can listen to a song X5MZDSMJ6Vu-00007-00003604-00003806 Play a movie X5MZDSMJ6Vu-00008-00004013-00004188 Or stream your desktop... X5MZDSMJ6Vu-00009-00004712-00004933 ... while you watch a twitch stream ... X5MZDSMJ6Vu-00010-00005079-00005347 ... while you are recording it to a file ... X5MZDSMJ6Vu-00011-00005610-00006244 ... while your friend is streaming something else! X5MZDSMJ6Vu-00012-00006277-00006638 These are only a few examples of what will be possible with Wolf. X5MZDSMJ6Vu-00013-00006733-00006903 It's currently under heavy development, X5MZDSMJ6Vu-00014-00006918-00007080 would you like to contribute? X5MZDSMJ6Vu-00015-00007110-00007241 you can find us X5MZDSMJ6Vu-00016-00007276-00007357 in our Discord channel X5MZDSMJ6Vu-00017-00007475-00007633 or reach out in our Github repo X5MZDSMJ6Vu-00018-00007796-00008102 or just read the docs and try it out for yourself! X64jN5QrS4Q-00000-00000433-00001652 I'm from Jisc. We're the UK version of RedIRIS. We run the Janet Network - the UK's NREN X64jN5QrS4Q-00001-00001652-00002018 We run eduroam X64jN5QrS4Q-00002-00002018-00002550 and a lot of these kinds of services that RedIRIS do. We do a few things on top of X64jN5QrS4Q-00003-00002550-00003257 the network, and we think that there are a few more things that will really be X64jN5QrS4Q-00004-00003257-00003939 game changers - this is really what I want to talk to you about today. So to split X64jN5QrS4Q-00005-00003939-00005039 this into three bits - first bit (four bits) what is this education 4.0 you've seen X64jN5QrS4Q-00006-00005039-00005539 it in the program. What does this mean? X64jN5QrS4Q-00007-00005596-00006177 What could it change? What could it change about the way people learn, what could it X64jN5QrS4Q-00008-00006177-00007172 change about our universities, about our colleges and the way that they operate. In the UK we've started a X64jN5QrS4Q-00009-00007172-00007728 kind of a dialogue going with our institutions but also with our X64jN5QrS4Q-00010-00007728-00008397 government about these changes that we see coming, and we've started to kind of X64jN5QrS4Q-00011-00008397-00009090 build the infrastructure. So we had the infrastructure for Education 3.0 X64jN5QrS4Q-00012-00009090-00009810 already - we have our NRENs, we have eduroam, we have eduGAIN. We have X64jN5QrS4Q-00013-00009810-00010270 a lot of things that we take for granted. What should the infrastructure for X64jN5QrS4Q-00014-00010270-00011176 Education 4.0 look like? But what is this Education 4.0? X64jN5QrS4Q-00015-00011182-00011720 If you look at what a lot of people in industry are saying right now, they're X64jN5QrS4Q-00016-00011720-00012296 saying artificial intelligence is going to transform everything that they do. X64jN5QrS4Q-00017-00012296-00012919 Whole industries have already be transformed by artificial intelligence, X64jN5QrS4Q-00018-00012919-00013784 by robotics, by ubiquitous connectivity - being able to get online anywhere. What X64jN5QrS4Q-00019-00013784-00014432 happens when every seat in the room has a microchip in it and it's connected to X64jN5QrS4Q-00020-00014432-00015050 a central database and we can say "hey I mean people use this room" what happens X64jN5QrS4Q-00021-00015050-00015641 when we can say "actually what is the environment like in this room" and X64jN5QrS4Q-00022-00015641-00016229 all the other rooms? Is it too hot, is it too cold? People choose to sit at one place or X64jN5QrS4Q-00023-00016229-00016784 another for those sorts of reasons. So we're very interested in all of these X64jN5QrS4Q-00024-00016784-00017395 technological changes. If you look at the research, there's some research here from X64jN5QrS4Q-00025-00017395-00018092 the University of Oxford talking about how many jobs will be changed or or X64jN5QrS4Q-00026-00018092-00018698 cease to exist through these Fourth Industrial Revolution technologies: X64jN5QrS4Q-00027-00018698-00019195 Things like AI, things like robotics. It's not looking too good X64jN5QrS4Q-00028-00019195-00019916 if you're you're a paralegal. If you're a legal clerk, your job could be automated X64jN5QrS4Q-00029-00019916-00020638 very easily. I think Gartner the IT consultancy have a very X64jN5QrS4Q-00030-00020638-00021125 interesting perspective on this which is that every industrial revolution X64jN5QrS4Q-00031-00021125-00021815 we've seen so far has created huge new opportunities - it's created opportunities X64jN5QrS4Q-00032-00021815-00022475 for people that simply didn't exist before. New jobs, new careers, new X64jN5QrS4Q-00033-00022475-00023000 industries. And this is what we believe: the robots are coming but they're here X64jN5QrS4Q-00034-00023000-00024014 to give us a promotion! What does this mean for our universities, for our X64jN5QrS4Q-00035-00024014-00024779 colleges, and for service providers like RedIRIS and Jisc? Well we think that X64jN5QrS4Q-00036-00024779-00025457 there are two big things: if you're a university like the University we are X64jN5QrS4Q-00037-00025457-00026380 sat in here today, you can change a bunch of the things that you do, if the X64jN5QrS4Q-00038-00026380-00026993 graduates who come out of your course are still going to be able to find a X64jN5QrS4Q-00039-00026993-00027745 good job at the end of their studies. We're going to have to prepare X64jN5QrS4Q-00040-00027745-00028645 people for near future workplaces which will be very different to what we know now. But also if you X64jN5QrS4Q-00041-00028645-00029266 are that institution then a lot of this, like I was saying about putting a chip in the X64jN5QrS4Q-00042-00029266-00030008 seats and instrumenting the environment in the lecture theatre, this is an opportunity for you X64jN5QrS4Q-00043-00030008-00030595 to transform what your institution does. To use these technologies to X64jN5QrS4Q-00044-00030595-00031266 make your institution better and make the experience of being a student here X64jN5QrS4Q-00045-00031266-00032395 more rewarding or fulfilling. Here in the UK we do a survey every year of students. X64jN5QrS4Q-00046-00032395-00033124 This year we had 37,000 students respond to the survey, which is all about X64jN5QrS4Q-00047-00033124-00033949 digital technologies in their teaching and learning, digital technologies in X64jN5QrS4Q-00048-00033949-00034459 their institution. And what those students told us, X64jN5QrS4Q-00049-00034459-00035200 nearly half, was that their course - when their university or college uses X64jN5QrS4Q-00050-00035200-00035758 technology - they feel it hasn't prepared them for the workplace that they will be X64jN5QrS4Q-00051-00035758-00036550 entering when they leave and they have finished their studies. So we've got to do some work here. I'm X64jN5QrS4Q-00052-00036550-00037150 coming to you as a UK person and saying that we recognize this. This is our Minister X64jN5QrS4Q-00053-00037150-00037708 for Universities - he's basically saying come on guys, X64jN5QrS4Q-00054-00037708-00038281 we've go to do so some work here. So I'm not presenting the UK as perfect X64jN5QrS4Q-00055-00038281-00038680 nirvana where we have figured all this stuff out. We know we've got some X64jN5QrS4Q-00056-00038680-00039355 work to do. But how will it change? How will these new technologies change X64jN5QrS4Q-00057-00039355-00040203 things? We've done a study which I put a URL in here for, looking at what near future X64jN5QrS4Q-00058-00040348-00041016 learning environments might look like. Will we still be in rooms like this in X64jN5QrS4Q-00059-00041016-00041845 10 years time for example, or will the robots? We don't think that the robots X64jN5QrS4Q-00060-00041845-00042280 will take over, not in that sense, but we think that there are a lot of X64jN5QrS4Q-00061-00042280-00042780 interesting ways which we can use technology more to make our X64jN5QrS4Q-00062-00042780-00043531 institutions more effective, make our students more successful, and happier. X64jN5QrS4Q-00063-00043531-00044271 How could it go? One possible future is kind of like Netflix - it's the Netflix X64jN5QrS4Q-00064-00044271-00044857 University. You know if I binge learned over the weekend, I've got a whole load X64jN5QrS4Q-00065-00044857-00045109 of stuff, but I'm kind of bored with this course X64jN5QrS4Q-00066-00045109-00045700 now I'm going to switch and do something different. If it becomes X64jN5QrS4Q-00067-00045700-00046543 possible for people to switch courses very easily then the bond between a X64jN5QrS4Q-00068-00046543-00047380 learner and an institution - there's just not very much to it. We think that that's actually X64jN5QrS4Q-00069-00047380-00047989 a bad thing for for institutions, also for learners. We think this, let's call it X64jN5QrS4Q-00070-00047989-00048703 the Netflix University, is maybe not so good. What we think is really promising X64jN5QrS4Q-00071-00048703-00049342 is using the technology to make teaching and learning more inclusive, to X64jN5QrS4Q-00072-00049342-00049800 make it more immersive, using technologies like augmented reality, X64jN5QrS4Q-00073-00049800-00050340 virtual reality and this rather wonderful tractor simulator here. X64jN5QrS4Q-00074-00050340-00050704 Tractors cost and awful lot of money, actually, X64jN5QrS4Q-00075-00050704-00051334 before you let someone drive the tractor it's a pretty good idea if they have some idea X64jN5QrS4Q-00076-00051334-00051716 of what they're doing. So this is one of our colleges X64jN5QrS4Q-00077-00051716-00052569 teaching people to be farmers using this tractor simulator. We think that there'll X64jN5QrS4Q-00078-00052569-00053174 be a lot more of this, so we're trying to have a dialog in the UK with our X64jN5QrS4Q-00079-00053174-00053754 universities, with our colleges, with the government. When I was invited to come X64jN5QrS4Q-00080-00053754-00054108 and speak to you guys today I thought it would be interesting to see X64jN5QrS4Q-00081-00054108-00054696 if we can make that a little bit of an international dialogue. We've come up with X64jN5QrS4Q-00082-00054696-00055386 some big ideas for how the technology might change things. We don't have time X64jN5QrS4Q-00083-00055386-00055967 today to talk about all of these, but this is really about the kind of things that we are X64jN5QrS4Q-00084-00055967-00056705 starting to do now and how they might affect the way that we teach, the way that we learn, the X64jN5QrS4Q-00085-00056705-00057341 way that our institutions work maybe five to ten years from now. So for example X64jN5QrS4Q-00086-00057341-00058101 can we use artificial intelligence to assess people? It's a very big deal X64jN5QrS4Q-00087-00058101-00059070 taking examinations, it's very stressful and creates a huge amount work for people. Can we do X64jN5QrS4Q-00088-00059070-00059748 this better? Can we use AI to recognize when people have mastered particular concepts X64jN5QrS4Q-00089-00059748-00060558 in their subject, and start to give them points towards their degree? I'll talk X64jN5QrS4Q-00090-00060558-00061401 about one particular example here. which is very big for me. This is using augmented X64jN5QrS4Q-00091-00061401-00061830 and virtual reality in teaching surgery. X64jN5QrS4Q-00092-00061830-00063054 So we've got a surgeon here who teaches classes of trainee doctors. X64jN5QrS4Q-00093-00063054-00063462 Quite recently, not very many years ago, the way he X64jN5QrS4Q-00094-00063462-00064167 would have done that was that they would have been looking over his shoulder in the hospital while X64jN5QrS4Q-00095-00064167-00064866 he performed the operation. And you'll see pictures of this - doctors looking and asking: X64jN5QrS4Q-00096-00064866-00065536 how is he doing this? what does he do next? This guy Shafi Ahmed has been streaming X64jN5QrS4Q-00097-00065536-00066298 his operations via Google Glass, Snapchat Spectacles - he's X64jN5QrS4Q-00098-00066298-00066876 tried the lot. Right now he's doing quite a lot of work with Microsoft Hololens. If X64jN5QrS4Q-00099-00066876-00067461 you're one of his students you can speed through his eyes the operation that X64jN5QrS4Q-00100-00067461-00068317 he is performing. You can talk to him while he's doing it, and using virtual X64jN5QrS4Q-00101-00068317-00068889 reality you can actually bring in experts from around the world to advise X64jN5QrS4Q-00102-00068889-00069483 him. So if he's doing an operation and there is a complication, and we just don't know what to do: X64jN5QrS4Q-00103-00069483-00070182 "I'm going to phone a friend". This is incredibly powerfu. So I think we'll see X64jN5QrS4Q-00104-00070182-00070954 a lot more of this kind of thing. In no way is that like this room today. It couldn't X64jN5QrS4Q-00105-00070954-00071497 be more different. The tractor simulator - in no way is that like this room today. X64jN5QrS4Q-00106-00071497-00072131 So how could we get from here, today, a room like this X64jN5QrS4Q-00107-00072131-00072818 to more of that kind of stuff? And what I'm doing personally at Jisc is trying to map that X64jN5QrS4Q-00108-00072836-00073424 course out. But we think it's not about technology. This is not about saying "hey X64jN5QrS4Q-00109-00073424-00073925 if we have augmented reality: boom! everything is brilliant, everything X64jN5QrS4Q-00110-00073925-00074537 changes for the better". This is really about putting students in control of X64jN5QrS4Q-00111-00074537-00075107 their learning. It's about perhaps even to the point where every student kind of X64jN5QrS4Q-00112-00075107-00075625 has their own individual pathway through the course. X64jN5QrS4Q-00113-00075625-00076295 That creates lots of challenges for us. How do we assess somebody who's taken a X64jN5QrS4Q-00114-00076295-00077173 unique pathway through the curriculum? How do we get feedback on a lecturer who's assisted by an AI tutor? X64jN5QrS4Q-00115-00077209-00077981 Who helped, when and where? The concept of feedback changes quite a bit too. X64jN5QrS4Q-00116-00077981-00078590 So why am I talking about all this stuff, and you guys are an audience of X64jN5QrS4Q-00117-00078590-00079337 network operators, IT people? Well we kind of work in that space too, so we X64jN5QrS4Q-00118-00079337-00079967 built the Janet Network, we built eduroam in the UK, the Shibboleth UK X64jN5QrS4Q-00119-00079967-00080465 Federation, and all these things. We think that there is infrastructure to be X64jN5QrS4Q-00120-00080465-00081152 built for Education 4.0. We've done a little bit of this already, and this is X64jN5QrS4Q-00121-00081152-00081713 the architecture of our Learning Analytics service. What we do here is pull the data X64jN5QrS4Q-00122-00081713-00082536 from things like Virtual Learning Environments like Moodle, library systems, student X64jN5QrS4Q-00123-00082536-00082962 information systems. There's a lot of data these things generate which is X64jN5QrS4Q-00124-00082962-00083487 just thrown away. We don't use it. Log files and some of you X64jN5QrS4Q-00125-00083487-00084012 here - I've been to some of the very technical talks earlier on today - I know some of X64jN5QrS4Q-00126-00084012-00084630 you live in a world of "well I have an AWS volume, and my log files have filled this thing up" X64jN5QrS4Q-00127-00084630-00085170 What am I going to do? I'm going to throw it all away. X64jN5QrS4Q-00128-00085170-00085731 What this is all about is saying no, there's actual data here. There is useful information here. X64jN5QrS4Q-00129-00085731-00086274 The fact that somebody came to this room may have been recorded, you may an X64jN5QrS4Q-00130-00086274-00086826 attendance monitoring system. The fact that I drove here today and parked my X64jN5QrS4Q-00131-00086826-00087414 car at the University may be recorded somewhere. If I visited the library X64jN5QrS4Q-00132-00087414-00088032 and I took a library book out - all of these things they leave a data trail. What X64jN5QrS4Q-00133-00088032-00088719 we're using here is using AI to do predictive analytics - to say "okay X64jN5QrS4Q-00134-00088719-00089477 which of these data trails tell us that the student has a problem?" We need to X64jN5QrS4Q-00135-00089477-00090117 talk to the student, because if we don't maybe they're going to fail. Maybe they're X64jN5QrS4Q-00136-00090117-00090570 just going to stop coming. Maybe they have some real problems in their life which X64jN5QrS4Q-00137-00090570-00091038 are interfering with their studies? So it's not about the machines, it's not X64jN5QrS4Q-00138-00091038-00092214 about the robots doing something automatic. It's about talking to the human being who is that student's personal tutor X64jN5QrS4Q-00139-00092214-00092264 We think there's a lot more than can be done here X64jN5QrS4Q-00140-00092264-00092793 beyond this, and particularly around things like the X64jN5QrS4Q-00141-00092793-00093539 curriculum. At the moment you will find if you analyze one of the universities or the X64jN5QrS4Q-00142-00093539-00094345 colleges, there are peaks in workload where everyone is very very busy. Exams, tests, X64jN5QrS4Q-00143-00094345-00095063 marking. There are these seasonal peaks which are very time-consuming. They are very busy, and X64jN5QrS4Q-00144-00095063-00095537 they can also be very stressful. If we want to improve everyone's X64jN5QrS4Q-00145-00095537-00096100 well-being smoothing some of these peaks out is a good place to start. X64jN5QrS4Q-00146-00096100-00096842 If we think about employability, this those near future industries: if I'm training here in X64jN5QrS4Q-00147-00096842-00097313 the computer science school, I'm going to be fairly confident that I'm learning the X64jN5QrS4Q-00148-00097313-00097898 right things that will get me a job at the end of it. So again can we use X64jN5QrS4Q-00149-00097898-00098576 the data trail to help people make those decisions, get those kind of outcomes. So X64jN5QrS4Q-00150-00098576-00099203 this is kind of where we're taking it next. I talked about instrumenting the X64jN5QrS4Q-00151-00099203-00099614 infrastructure, the physical infrastructure, we call that an X64jN5QrS4Q-00152-00099614-00100175 intelligent campus. This is putting sensors into rooms, it maybe is putting X64jN5QrS4Q-00153-00100175-00100853 sensors into seats. It's knowing what is going on around our campuses at a very fine X64jN5QrS4Q-00154-00100853-00101312 level of detail. Because today we can crunch millions and millions of data X64jN5QrS4Q-00155-00101312-00101914 points very easily using cloud resources. It's another challenge for us X64jN5QrS4Q-00156-00101914-00102377 but historically we have either not collected the data points, or we've just X64jN5QrS4Q-00157-00102377-00102992 thrown them away. We can be smarter. And I've talked about this in the context of X64jN5QrS4Q-00158-00102992-00103526 teaching and learning - there's similar conversation to be had about research. X64jN5QrS4Q-00159-00103526-00104157 We've not really kicked this one off yet but I have a few talking points here. X64jN5QrS4Q-00160-00104157-00104741 The principle one I think is how long would it be before we are routinely using X64jN5QrS4Q-00161-00104741-00105371 AI to help in research, to do things like text and data mining. And actually X64jN5QrS4Q-00162-00105371-00106111 how long will it be before the first AI is awarded a chair? The professor who is X64jN5QrS4Q-00163-00106111-00106924 an AI! That is all I have to say today - muchas gracias, thank you! Xsx1XrrKc78-00000-00000017-00000193 Hi, thanks for watching this video! Xsx1XrrKc78-00001-00000193-00000595 It’s from our Snapchat account so doesn’t have sound like a traditional video. Xsx1XrrKc78-00002-00000595-00001106 This particular clip highlights the April 26, 2016, presidential primaries. Xsx1XrrKc78-00003-00001106-00001541 If you want more behind-the-scenes looks at our national monuments and museums, historical Xsx1XrrKc78-00004-00001541-00001964 fun facts and even the occasional helpful hint in real time, make sure to follow us Xsx1XrrKc78-00005-00001964-00002110 on Snapchat. Xsx1XrrKc78-00006-00002110-00002513 Search for USAGov or use the Snapcode at the end of this video. Xsx1XrrKc78-00007-00002513-00002928 It’s Primary Day in these five states: Xsx1XrrKc78-00008-00002928-00003998 Pennsylvania, Connecticut, Delaware, Maryland, Rhode Island Xsx1XrrKc78-00009-00003998-00004562 Are you planning to vote today? Xsx1XrrKc78-00010-00004562-00005210 Remember, polls close at 8:00 PM Xsx1XrrKc78-00011-00005210-00005889 Find answers to common questions about voting in the U.S. at USA.gov/voting Xsx1XrrKc78-00012-00005889-00006080 Did you vote already? 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XxPkCXO8ThE-00001-00001361-00001535 BY RICHARD POLLOCK. XxPkCXO8ThE-00002-00001535-00001854 President-elect Donald Trump will encourage foreign governments to investigate the Clinton XxPkCXO8ThE-00003-00001854-00002298 Foundation�s finances, according to a Sunday report by the New York Post. XxPkCXO8ThE-00004-00002298-00002685 The proposed action follows only days after a rapid-fire series of announcements from XxPkCXO8ThE-00005-00002685-00003077 many major Western foreign capitals that they are reducing their contributions to the Clinton XxPkCXO8ThE-00006-00003077-00003501 Foundation, or investigating the charity�s money trail in their countries. XxPkCXO8ThE-00007-00003501-00003871 The Australian government confirmed Friday it is not renewing its several partnerships XxPkCXO8ThE-00008-00003871-00004255 with the Clinton Foundation, according to Australian news sources. XxPkCXO8ThE-00009-00004255-00004637 The Norwegian government also announced a 90 percent cut in contributions to the Clinton XxPkCXO8ThE-00010-00004637-00005064 Foundation shortly after Hillary Clinton�s presidential election defeat, as first reported XxPkCXO8ThE-00011-00005064-00005228 by The Daily Caller. XxPkCXO8ThE-00012-00005228-00005668 The Commonwealth of Australia and the Kingdom of Norway have each contributed up to $25 XxPkCXO8ThE-00013-00005668-00005955 million, according to the Clinton Foundation�s website. XxPkCXO8ThE-00014-00005955-00006408 In France, federal comptrollers reportedly have begun an investigation into millions XxPkCXO8ThE-00015-00006408-00006770 of dollars of government money that ended up at the Clinton Foundation, according to XxPkCXO8ThE-00016-00006770-00007039 a document reviewed by The Post. XxPkCXO8ThE-00017-00007039-00007378 Financial pullbacks by such large Western foreign governments suggest their support XxPkCXO8ThE-00018-00007378-00007805 was based more upon Clinton�s potential influence as president of the US, rather than XxPkCXO8ThE-00019-00007805-00008026 on the merits of the foundation�s work. XxPkCXO8ThE-00020-00008026-00008402 Sources close to the Trump transition team told the Post the new president will ask U.S. XxPkCXO8ThE-00021-00008402-00008855 ambassadors to raise the Clinton Foundation�s financial transactions with foreign governments, XxPkCXO8ThE-00022-00008855-00009101 and suggest they probe their financial dealings. XxPkCXO8ThE-00023-00009101-00009489 Trump previously said he will not press charges against his former presidential rival over XxPkCXO8ThE-00024-00009489-00010006 her use of a private email server or over alleged corrupt practices by the Clinton Foundation. XxPkCXO8ThE-00025-00010006-00010466 The FBI has had a multiple-city investigation of the Clinton Foundation since last February. XxPkCXO8ThE-00026-00010466-00010947 However, the U.S. government may still probe a number of special Clinton Foundation projects, XxPkCXO8ThE-00027-00010947-00011392 including its massive infusion of funds into Haiti and Columbia, according to the Post. XxPkCXO8ThE-00028-00011392-00011900 Overall, the Australian government has given up to $460 million to the Clinton Foundation XxPkCXO8ThE-00029-00011900-00012338 and to its affiliated AIDS project, the Clinton Health Access Initiative. XxPkCXO8ThE-00030-00012338-00012731 Former Australian Prime Minister Julia Gillard has been accused of participating in a �pay XxPkCXO8ThE-00031-00012731-00012984 to play� scheme with the Clinton Foundation. XxPkCXO8ThE-00032-00012984-00013441 After Gillard lost her prime ministerial post in a June 2013 confidence vote with Labor XxPkCXO8ThE-00033-00013441-00013841 Party leaders, she became chairwoman of the Clinton Global Partnership for Education in XxPkCXO8ThE-00034-00013841-00013969 February 2014. XxPkCXO8ThE-00035-00013969-00014525 �Lo and behold, she became chairman in 2014 and has been �actively promoting Clinton XxPkCXO8ThE-00036-00014525-00015525 as president ever since,� wrote London Daily Telegraph columnist Miranda Devine Oct. 29, XxPkCXO8ThE-00037-00015525-00016066 2016.