HNWvLcQuhFA-00000-00000048-00000147 foreign
HNWvLcQuhFA-00001-00000148-00000730 [Music]
HNWvLcQuhFA-00002-00000731-00000941 Russia to pull troops out of Frontline
HNWvLcQuhFA-00003-00000942-00001145 city of kersan the regional
HNWvLcQuhFA-00004-00001146-00001337 Administration worked for weeks to move
HNWvLcQuhFA-00005-00001338-00001565 civilians from the area citing Ukrainian
HNWvLcQuhFA-00006-00001566-00001684 attacks
HNWvLcQuhFA-00007-00001685-00001895 Russia has decided to withdraw its
HNWvLcQuhFA-00008-00001896-00002068 troops from the right Bank of the Nipper
HNWvLcQuhFA-00009-00002069-00002267 River including the regional capital of
HNWvLcQuhFA-00010-00002268-00002560 kersan the defense Ministry explained
HNWvLcQuhFA-00011-00002561-00002734 that it wants to avoid unnecessary
HNWvLcQuhFA-00012-00002735-00002950 losses among its forces and spare the
HNWvLcQuhFA-00013-00002951-00003100 lives of civilians
HNWvLcQuhFA-00014-00003101-00003311 while saying the decision was not easy
HNWvLcQuhFA-00015-00003311-00003515 the commanders see little sense in
HNWvLcQuhFA-00016-00003515-00003695 keeping the troops on the right Bank the
HNWvLcQuhFA-00017-00003696-00003881 chief of the Russian military operation
HNWvLcQuhFA-00018-00003882-00004163 in Ukraine Army General Sergey sarovicin
HNWvLcQuhFA-00019-00004164-00004397 told defense minister Sergey shigu on
HNWvLcQuhFA-00020-00004398-00004493 Wednesday
HNWvLcQuhFA-00021-00004494-00004691 the general pointed to continued
HNWvLcQuhFA-00022-00004692-00004906 Ukrainian attacks on the kahavskaya
HNWvLcQuhFA-00023-00004907-00005093 hydroelectric Dam on the NEPA River
HNWvLcQuhFA-00024-00005094-00005267 arguing that it could mean the total
HNWvLcQuhFA-00025-00005268-00005536 isolation of Russian troops in kersan
HNWvLcQuhFA-00026-00005537-00005788 if the Kiev regime launches an even more
HNWvLcQuhFA-00027-00005789-00006004 devastating attack on the kahovskaya dam
HNWvLcQuhFA-00028-00006005-00006202 a flow of water could arise that would
HNWvLcQuhFA-00029-00006203-00006425 flood large areas causing significant
HNWvLcQuhFA-00030-00006426-00006767 civilian casualties serovicin added this
HNWvLcQuhFA-00031-00006768-00006934 according to the commander would create
HNWvLcQuhFA-00032-00006936-00007145 further threats for civilians and risk
HNWvLcQuhFA-00033-00007145-00007360 total isolation of our Force grouping on
HNWvLcQuhFA-00034-00007361-00007601 the right Bank of the Nipper a pull out
HNWvLcQuhFA-00035-00007602-00007798 would help avoid the worst case scenario
HNWvLcQuhFA-00036-00007800-00007996 and also keep the combat effectiveness
HNWvLcQuhFA-00037-00007997-00008142 of the force grouping in the area
HNWvLcQuhFA-00038-00008143-00008321 surovicin said
HNWvLcQuhFA-00039-00008322-00008585 this is a very difficult decision yet we
HNWvLcQuhFA-00040-00008586-00008735 would be able to preserve the most
HNWvLcQuhFA-00041-00008736-00008891 important thing the lives of our
HNWvLcQuhFA-00042-00008892-00009017 soldiers
HNWvLcQuhFA-00043-00009018-00009269 start the pullback of forces shigu told
HNWvLcQuhFA-00044-00009270-00009503 sirovikin in a video released by media
HNWvLcQuhFA-00045-00009504-00009605 Outlets
HNWvLcQuhFA-00046-00009606-00009809 the minister ordered the general to
HNWvLcQuhFA-00047-00009810-00010006 organize secure relocation for both
HNWvLcQuhFA-00048-00010007-00010277 soldiers and civilians over the past
HNWvLcQuhFA-00049-00010278-00010463 weeks the local authorities have
HNWvLcQuhFA-00050-00010464-00010613 launched an effort to bring as many
HNWvLcQuhFA-00051-00010614-00010810 civilians as possible to the Left Bank
HNWvLcQuhFA-00052-00010811-00011027 of the Nipper citing a threat posed by
HNWvLcQuhFA-00053-00011028-00011255 Ukrainian forces located on the opposite
HNWvLcQuhFA-00054-00011256-00011338 side
HNWvLcQuhFA-00055-00011339-00011674 over 115 000 people had left the city as
HNWvLcQuhFA-00056-00011675-00011974 of today according to surovicin Russia
HNWvLcQuhFA-00057-00011975-00012196 Incorporated kerasan region last month
HNWvLcQuhFA-00058-00012197-00012431 after residents voted in a referendum to
HNWvLcQuhFA-00059-00012432-00012592 break away from Ukraine and seek
HNWvLcQuhFA-00060-00012593-00012749 accession to Russia
HNWvLcQuhFA-00061-00012750-00012988 Kiev rejected the vote as a sham and
HNWvLcQuhFA-00062-00012989-00013163 pledged to use military force to
HNWvLcQuhFA-00063-00013163-00013361 recapture all territories it considers
HNWvLcQuhFA-00064-00013362-00013649 to be under its sovereignty Ukraine has
HNWvLcQuhFA-00065-00013650-00013865 been waging a counter-offensive over the
HNWvLcQuhFA-00066-00013866-00014069 past two months forcing Russian troops
HNWvLcQuhFA-00067-00014069-00014255 to fall back in some places
HNWvLcQuhFA-00068-00014256-00014488 earlier this week Ukrainian troops
HNWvLcQuhFA-00069-00014490-00014680 launched several attacks making an
HNWvLcQuhFA-00070-00014681-00014885 attempt in the east of kharkiv region in
HNWvLcQuhFA-00071-00014886-00015058 the Northwestern part of the lugansk
HNWvLcQuhFA-00072-00015059-00015329 People's Republic and in kersan region
HNWvLcQuhFA-00073-00015330-00015527 all of the assaults were successfully
HNWvLcQuhFA-00074-00015528-00015779 repelled the Russian military said
HNWvLcQuhFA-00075-00015780-00016019 according to surovicin kiev's troops
HNWvLcQuhFA-00076-00016019-00016222 suffered heavy losses amounting to over
HNWvLcQuhFA-00077-00016223-00016475 12 000 soldiers in October
HNWvLcQuhFA-00078-00016476-00016708 Russian casualties were seven to eight
HNWvLcQuhFA-00079-00016709-00016967 times lower he said the general claimed
HNWvLcQuhFA-00080-00016968-00017117 that Russia's troops managed to
HNWvLcQuhFA-00081-00017118-00017303 stabilize the situation on the front
HNWvLcQuhFA-00082-00017304-00017483 lines including with the help of those
HNWvLcQuhFA-00083-00017484-00017840 mobilized since late September
HOl6DQCU4Jo-00000-00000000-00000179 hello everyone
HOl6DQCU4Jo-00001-00000180-00000534 so finally I could manage
HOl6DQCU4Jo-00002-00000535-00001169 my wireless headphones with this
HOl6DQCU4Jo-00003-00001170-00001361 very cheap
HOl6DQCU4Jo-00004-00001362-00001618 transmitter
HOl6DQCU4Jo-00005-00001619-00001780 and receiver
HOl6DQCU4Jo-00006-00001782-00001948 that I fixed
HOl6DQCU4Jo-00007-00001950-00002329 you can see that's a very uh
HOl6DQCU4Jo-00008-00002330-00002776 DIY solution but it works so I have a
HOl6DQCU4Jo-00009-00002777-00003076 pair of headphones I just
HOl6DQCU4Jo-00010-00003077-00003419 who hit to the receiver and I put the
HOl6DQCU4Jo-00011-00003420-00003779 receiver here and I have this
HOl6DQCU4Jo-00012-00003779-00004145 transmitter that goes recently it goes
HOl6DQCU4Jo-00013-00004146-00004270 into this
HOl6DQCU4Jo-00014-00004271-00004427 Stomp
HOl6DQCU4Jo-00015-00004428-00004781 XL
HOl6DQCU4Jo-00016-00004782-00004925 and
HOl6DQCU4Jo-00017-00004926-00005213 it successfully can replace the very
HOl6DQCU4Jo-00018-00005214-00005470 expensive Vasa from boss
HOl6DQCU4Jo-00019-00005471-00005651 because this stuff
HOl6DQCU4Jo-00020-00005652-00006011 was how much is that maybe 45 dollars
HOl6DQCU4Jo-00021-00006012-00006265 yeah I think it sent forty five dollars
HOl6DQCU4Jo-00022-00006266-00006731 and I ordered it from the Lazada which
HOl6DQCU4Jo-00023-00006731-00006964 works I'm staying in Vietnam so that's
HOl6DQCU4Jo-00024-00006965-00007228 from the lazada.vm but this is available
HOl6DQCU4Jo-00025-00007229-00007420 worldwide
HOl6DQCU4Jo-00026-00007422-00007867 so this little tiny stuff is able to
HOl6DQCU4Jo-00027-00007868-00008327 work well without hearable or noticeable
HOl6DQCU4Jo-00028-00008328-00008609 latency that was always a problem with
HOl6DQCU4Jo-00029-00008610-00009001 the Bluetooth equipments and this works
HOl6DQCU4Jo-00030-00009002-00009371 neat with this beautiful Yamaha Rock and
HOl6DQCU4Jo-00031-00009372-00009631 roller actually that's a beautiful
HOl6DQCU4Jo-00032-00009632-00010009 guitar from
HOl6DQCU4Jo-00033-00010010-00010355 1976 or 77.
HOl6DQCU4Jo-00034-00010356-00010919 this is a beautiful X from Japan
HOl6DQCU4Jo-00035-00010920-00011204 bye bye
HSCVtBfpQp0-00000-00000000-00000441 wow
HSCVtBfpQp0-00001-00000442-00001229 [Music]
HSCVtBfpQp0-00002-00001230-00001445 when you come to our garage for your
HSCVtBfpQp0-00003-00001446-00001643 car's mechanical needs you'll get
HSCVtBfpQp0-00004-00001644-00001852 nothing but the best fairness and
HSCVtBfpQp0-00005-00001853-00002129 affordability is the main goal for every
HSCVtBfpQp0-00006-00002130-00002333 one of our customers our general
HSCVtBfpQp0-00007-00002334-00002584 mechanics are experienced and can tackle
HSCVtBfpQp0-00008-00002585-00002831 any automotive repair for any vehicle
HSCVtBfpQp0-00009-00002832-00003137 for foreign and domestic if you want the
HSCVtBfpQp0-00010-00003138-00003335 best experience the best quality work
HSCVtBfpQp0-00011-00003336-00003593 all at the best price call us and make
HSCVtBfpQp0-00012-00003594-00003863 an appointment today
HSCVtBfpQp0-00013-00003864-00004234 foreign
HSCVtBfpQp0-00015-00007958-00008520 thank you
HSCVtBfpQp0-00016-00008521-00009641 [Music]
HSCVtBfpQp0-00017-00009642-00010373 [Applause]
HSCVtBfpQp0-00018-00010374-00011073 foreign
HSCVtBfpQp0-00019-00011074-00011387 [Music]
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00000-00000007-00000038 [Music]
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00001-00000039-00000311 free driver education to help you ace
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00002-00000312-00000599 your driving test
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00003-00000600-00000782 truby cars
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00004-00000783-00001047 hello everyone um mandeep again from
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00005-00001048-00001278 truby cars um so we are doing another
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00006-00001279-00001582 video in mississauga ontario if you guys
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00007-00001583-00001887 are going for your g2 or g test um in
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00008-00001888-00002087 mississauga ontario this video is going
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00009-00002088-00002383 to help you out as uh we are going to
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00010-00002384-00002583 cover um you know the driving rules here
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00011-00002584-00002831 how to turn left how to turn right
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00012-00002832-00003055 and uh basically how you should be
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00013-00003056-00003311 driving in your driving test what
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00014-00003311-00003495 exactly the examiner is going to look
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00015-00003496-00003735 for in your driving test
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00016-00003736-00003990 um the stop sign here we can turn left
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00017-00003992-00004270 so i have my left signal on
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00018-00004271-00004479 staying closer to the center line
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00019-00004480-00004791 complete stop here before the sidewalk
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00020-00004792-00005031 and now there is no pedestrian on the
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00021-00005032-00005295 sidewalk so we can slowly move forward
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00022-00005296-00005479 checking traffic um there is a car
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00023-00005480-00005663 coming uh from the left hand side so we
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00024-00005664-00005983 just gonna wait for that car to go first
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00025-00005984-00006206 and i'm checking on the right hand side
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00026-00006207-00006439 as well
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00027-00006440-00006655 so this way i know what's happening um
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00028-00006656-00006895 on both sides so now it looks clear so
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00029-00006895-00007646 that means we are good to go
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00030-00007647-00007895 we're gonna be turning right
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00031-00007895-00008134 on this intersection
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00032-00008136-00008310 okay we are turning right on this
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00033-00008311-00008542 intersection so um um right now the
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00034-00008543-00008742 light is red so i'm slowing down coming
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00035-00008743-00008959 to a complete stop here before the stop
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00036-00008960-00009078 line
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00037-00009079-00009295 looking in my rear view mirror
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00038-00009296-00009606 uh right now there's no nobody behind us
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00039-00009607-00009774 and
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00040-00009775-00010006 right shoulder check no pedestrians no
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00041-00010007-00010255 cyclist and there's no prohibited sign
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00042-00010256-00010423 on this intersection so i'm just going
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00043-00010424-00010678 to move forward a little bit uh to look
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00044-00010679-00010855 at the traffic
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00045-00010856-00011223 and um when it's empty then we will turn
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00046-00011224-00011391 right i'm also checking on the right
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00047-00011392-00011614 hand side to see what's happening on the
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00048-00011615-00011855 right hand side
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00049-00011856-00012119 okay so now it looks clear and now we
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00050-00012120-00012351 can turn right we see the overhead sign
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00051-00012352-00012638 here uh showing 40 kilometers maximum
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00052-00012639-00012855 when the lights are flashing and right
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00053-00012856-00013022 now the lights are flashing so that
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00054-00013023-00013207 means the speed limit here is uh 40
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00055-00013208-00013479 kilometers maximum
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00056-00013480-00013703 so um in your driving test make sure
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00057-00013704-00013975 you're always looking at the signs road
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00058-00013976-00014094 markings
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00059-00014095-00014463 uh scan intersections look at your speed
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00060-00014463-00014671 uh look at your mirrors every couple
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00061-00014672-00014783 seconds
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00062-00014784-00014943 so that's you know that's what your
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00063-00014944-00015150 examiner is looking for in the test they
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00064-00015151-00015358 want to see if you're um you know if
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00065-00015359-00015503 you're doing uh if you're doing
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00066-00015504-00015711 everything you know are you aware of
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00067-00015712-00015879 your surroundings
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00068-00015880-00016055 okay um
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00069-00016056-00016263 so we have another intersection coming
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00070-00016263-00016463 up here and uh let's
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00071-00016464-00016694 turn right on this intersection so i'm
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00072-00016695-00016883 going to our signal
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00073-00016884-00017183 right and there's no pedestrian
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00074-00017184-00017367 right shoulder check
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00075-00017368-00017615 and now we can complete our right hand
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00076-00017616-00017719 turn
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00077-00017720-00017927 so we see a yellow sign indicating this
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00078-00017928-00018127 lane is going to end and the speed limit
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00079-00018128-00018439 sign maximum 50 kilometers so i'm going
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00080-00018440-00018630 to um you know signal shoulder check to
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00081-00018631-00018807 move over to the
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00082-00018808-00018935 left lane
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00083-00018936-00019150 now we see um there is a stop sign
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00084-00019151-00019286 coming up next
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00085-00019287-00019511 and from this stop sign we will go
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00086-00019512-00019750 straight
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00087-00019751-00020030 now this stop sign it's uh always stop
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00088-00020031-00020247 sign so that means uh all the traffic
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00089-00020248-00020367 stops here
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00090-00020368-00020535 looks like the
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00091-00020536-00020750 car on the other side stopped before us
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00092-00020751-00020950 so we will let them go first
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00093-00020951-00021158 quickly scanning the intersection nobody
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00094-00021159-00021455 around us um so that means it's our turn
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00095-00021456-00022158 and we are good to go
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00096-00022159-00022486 okay um so looking at my speed and
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00097-00022487-00022735 looking in my rear view mirror oh
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00098-00022736-00022919 there's pedestrian on the road so i'm
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00099-00022920-00023167 going to signal shoulder check move over
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00100-00023168-00023407 a little bit to the left uh just to
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00101-00023408-00023727 maintain distance from pedestrian
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00102-00023728-00023975 scanning intersection and we are going
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00103-00023976-00024158 to turn left here looking in my rear
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00104-00024159-00024327 view mirror as well
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00105-00024328-00024607 uh stop sign um so we come to a complete
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00106-00024608-00024878 stop here before the
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00107-00024879-00025191 sidewalk and now i'm going to move
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00108-00025192-00025599 forward to look at the traffic
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00109-00025600-00025822 and there is a car approaching from the
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00110-00025823-00026039 right hand side that wants to
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00111-00026039-00026367 turn onto this road okay so now it's our
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00112-00026368-00026599 turn so now we can go both sides looks
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00113-00026600-00026735 clear
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00114-00026736-00027039 and traffic lights uh we will be turning
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00115-00027039-00027214 left so we can stay in the left hand
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00116-00027216-00027543 lane and i'm going to uh signal left
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00117-00027544-00027751 right now the light is right so i'm
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00118-00027752-00027967 slowing down because we have to come to
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00119-00027968-00028143 a complete stop
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00120-00028144-00028327 maintaining distance from the vehicle in
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00121-00028327-00028583 front of me
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00122-00028583-00028918 and looking at the intersection and um
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00123-00028919-00029143 also um you know any other
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00124-00029144-00029518 signs or construction um on the
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00125-00029519-00029711 um you know on the side where we are
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00126-00029712-00029831 going
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00127-00029832-00030070 so i'm just uh this way you know uh it
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00128-00030072-00030287 helps um you know it's gonna help me to
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00129-00030288-00030439 uh prepare
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00130-00030439-00030583 right so this way i know what the
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00131-00030583-00030735 intersection looks like i know if
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00132-00030736-00030927 there's any oncoming traffic if there's
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00133-00030927-00031174 any pedestrian who wants to cross
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00134-00031175-00031446 and i can see what the street looks like
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00135-00031447-00031639 on that side is there a divider in the
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00136-00031639-00031911 middle or is it there's just one lane
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00137-00031912-00032183 two lanes is there a yellow line right
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00138-00032183-00032431 is there any construction going on uh
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00139-00032432-00032623 what is a speed limit
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00140-00032624-00032783 um so
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00141-00032784-00032951 you you should be you should be doing
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00142-00032952-00033190 that um you know um in your um in your
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00143-00033191-00033446 driving test as well and uh even after
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00144-00033447-00033711 getting your driver's license because
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00145-00033712-00033895 that's how you you will drive uh
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00146-00033896-00034159 proactive
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00147-00034160-00034359 looking in my rear view mirror looking
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00148-00034360-00034759 in my side mirror as well
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00149-00034760-00034974 okay so it looks like the light is about
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00150-00034975-00035351 to uh change now
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00151-00035352-00035783 okay uh so now we have a green light
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00152-00035784-00035999 and there's no oncoming traffic there's
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00153-00036000-00036167 no pedestrian crossing so we're gonna
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00154-00036168-00036399 turn into the left lane first
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00155-00036400-00036559 and now we need to switch lanes so
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00156-00036560-00036662 mirror
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00157-00036663-00036855 signal mirror shoulder check to change
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00158-00036856-00037071 lane to the right hand side
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00159-00037072-00037246 we have another intersection the light
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00160-00037247-00037590 is green and there's a walking man sign
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00161-00037591-00037695 as well
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00162-00037696-00037967 uh sign on the right hand side to share
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00163-00037968-00038190 the road with a cyclist
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00164-00038191-00038471 and from this intersection um
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00165-00038472-00038639 from the traffic lights we're gonna turn
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00166-00038640-00038862 right
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00167-00038863-00039190 okay so um i'm going to signal right
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00168-00039191-00039374 right shoulder check and i'm going to
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00169-00039375-00039543 move over to the right hand side i'm
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00170-00039544-00039695 just going to cancel the signal before
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00171-00039696-00039943 this parking lot entrance and now i can
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00172-00039944-00040118 put it back on
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00173-00040119-00040327 and the light is
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00174-00040328-00040590 green but there are pedestrians crossing
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00175-00040591-00040783 so we just have to slow down let them go
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00176-00040784-00040999 first they get the right of way
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00177-00041000-00041279 and now the light is green and uh
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00178-00041280-00041487 shoulder check looks clear and now we
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00179-00041488-00041695 can complete our right hand turn
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00180-00041696-00041902 going in the right lane first looks like
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00181-00041903-00042071 this lane is actually going to end so
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00182-00042072-00042207 we're gonna switch over to the other
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00183-00042208-00042407 lane
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00184-00042408-00042599 speed limit sign on the right hand side
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00185-00042600-00042839 maximum 50 kilometers
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00186-00042840-00043071 so uh we are seeing some school buses
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00187-00043072-00043390 now right so school kits school bus
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00188-00043391-00043639 um so that means we have to be um very
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00189-00043640-00043830 very careful now
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00190-00043831-00044127 i'm looking in my rear view mirror
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00191-00044128-00044399 complete stop here before the stop line
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00192-00044400-00044607 and uh still keeping both hands on the
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00193-00044608-00044846 steering wheel
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00194-00044847-00045062 checking the intersection uh from this
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00195-00045063-00045327 intersection we are still going straight
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00196-00045328-00045543 so when the light on screen uh we have
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00197-00045544-00045758 to scan the intersection make sure you
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00198-00045759-00045902 know um that
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00199-00045903-00046190 traffic has stopped and uh pedestrians
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00200-00046191-00046446 uh they have crossed the road and after
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00201-00046447-00046735 that we can enter in the intersection so
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00202-00046736-00047007 always always check first before you
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00203-00047008-00047246 enter in the intersection
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00204-00047247-00047455 because our right of way remember the
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00205-00047456-00047639 right of way it's um
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00206-00047640-00047927 given to you okay so it's given to you
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00207-00047928-00048190 um so nothing is uh for granted so
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00208-00048191-00048446 that's why you always have to be careful
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00209-00048447-00048711 free driver education to help you ace
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00210-00048712-00049007 your driving test
HTlPoeQT1Yg-00211-00049008-00049328 truby cars
HUhIhS1v-V4-00000-00000016-00000335 start hello 2021
HUhIhS1v-V4-00001-00000336-00000582 believe lab girl group global auditions
HUhIhS1v-V4-00002-00000583-00000782 my name is putin
HUhIhS1v-V4-00003-00000783-00000958 you can call me mei
HUhIhS1v-V4-00004-00000959-00001103 m-e-i-i
HUhIhS1v-V4-00005-00001104-00001191 yeah
HUhIhS1v-V4-00006-00001192-00001391 i am come from vietnam
HUhIhS1v-V4-00007-00001392-00001726 and i'm 20 years old
HUhIhS1v-V4-00008-00001727-00001991 uh yeah i'm gonna introducing a little
HUhIhS1v-V4-00009-00001992-00002167 bit by myself
HUhIhS1v-V4-00010-00002168-00002487 yes i was dreaming to become an idol
HUhIhS1v-V4-00011-00002488-00002783 kpop for a long time ago it's just like
HUhIhS1v-V4-00012-00002784-00003087 like when i was seventh grade
HUhIhS1v-V4-00013-00003088-00003158 and
HUhIhS1v-V4-00014-00003159-00003559 i can sing i can dance i can rap
HUhIhS1v-V4-00015-00003560-00003886 um i can speak a little bit of korean
HUhIhS1v-V4-00016-00003887-00004159 chinese and english
HUhIhS1v-V4-00017-00004160-00004575 just basically so i'm going to introduce
HUhIhS1v-V4-00018-00004576-00006186 myself a little bit in korean yeah
HUhIhS1v-V4-00019-00006187-00007095 [Music]
HUhIhS1v-V4-00020-00007095-00007439 too and i really want to take part in
HUhIhS1v-V4-00021-00007440-00007727 to become a k-pop adult yeah
HUhIhS1v-V4-00022-00007728-00007878 and i hope you guys will give me a
HUhIhS1v-V4-00023-00007879-00008046 chance to me
HUhIhS1v-V4-00024-00008047-00008263 to show you guys what i have
HUhIhS1v-V4-00025-00008264-00008527 to
HUhIhS1v-V4-00026-00008528-00008759 yeah i was really want to make vietnam
HUhIhS1v-V4-00027-00008760-00008942 proud
HUhIhS1v-V4-00028-00008943-00009919 hope you guys will give me a chance
HUhIhS1v-V4-00029-00009920-00010020 thank to
HUwV5ti7pTu-00000-00000856-00001454 [Applause]
HUwV5ti7pTu-00001-00001455-00001863 now that's simon's gone
HUwV5ti7pTu-00002-00001864-00002014 hey what's up you guys welcome back to
HUwV5ti7pTu-00003-00002016-00002231 my channel if you're new here hi hello
HUwV5ti7pTu-00004-00002232-00002479 i'm lillian my mental videos here on
HUwV5ti7pTu-00005-00002480-00002695 youtube
HUwV5ti7pTu-00006-00002696-00002926 today i want to talk about
HUwV5ti7pTu-00007-00002927-00003102 dissociation
HUwV5ti7pTu-00008-00003103-00003438 and what that means and what it looks
HUwV5ti7pTu-00009-00003439-00004127 like
HUwV5ti7pTu-00010-00004128-00004983 [Music]
HUwV5ti7pTu-00011-00004984-00005167 so dissociation
HUwV5ti7pTu-00012-00005168-00005375 dissociation is why that person becomes
HUwV5ti7pTu-00013-00005376-00005615 disconnected from their self or their
HUwV5ti7pTu-00014-00005616-00005838 surroundings most commonly with the
HUwV5ti7pTu-00015-00005839-00006086 mental illness the five dissociative
HUwV5ti7pTu-00016-00006087-00006431 disorders that i know are
HUwV5ti7pTu-00017-00006431-00006783 and they're in the dsm-5
HUwV5ti7pTu-00018-00006784-00007063 are the personalization new realization
HUwV5ti7pTu-00019-00007064-00007295 osdd
HUwV5ti7pTu-00020-00007295-00007446 did
HUwV5ti7pTu-00021-00007447-00007559 and
HUwV5ti7pTu-00022-00007559-00007831 it's dissociative amnesia personally i'm
HUwV5ti7pTu-00023-00007831-00008039 diagnosed with de-personalization and
HUwV5ti7pTu-00024-00008040-00008303 deviarisation which means i don't see my
HUwV5ti7pTu-00025-00008304-00008519 body as my brother and i don't see my
HUwV5ti7pTu-00026-00008520-00008791 surroundings as familiar and very
HUwV5ti7pTu-00027-00008792-00009023 disconnected from it all for me it's
HUwV5ti7pTu-00028-00009024-00009135 worse
HUwV5ti7pTu-00029-00009136-00009423 dissociation has caused me to
HUwV5ti7pTu-00030-00009424-00009799 lose my dissociation occurs anybody
HUwV5ti7pTu-00031-00009800-00009959 needs
HUwV5ti7pTu-00032-00009960-00010206 need out basically
HUwV5ti7pTu-00033-00010207-00010423 which is why it can happen in anxiety
HUwV5ti7pTu-00034-00010424-00010567 attacks
HUwV5ti7pTu-00035-00010568-00010878 happens in a high stress situation i am
HUwV5ti7pTu-00036-00010879-00011227 melting in this heatwave
HUwV5ti7pTu-00037-00011228-00011438 dissociation itself
HUwV5ti7pTu-00038-00011439-00011735 isn't a mental illness
HUwV5ti7pTu-00039-00011736-00011999 association and impact isn't very common
HUwV5ti7pTu-00040-00012000-00012414 association also occurs with anxiety
HUwV5ti7pTu-00041-00012415-00012670 in a panic attack
HUwV5ti7pTu-00042-00012671-00012871 you can dissociate
HUwV5ti7pTu-00043-00012872-00013111 i'll enter a clip now of when i first
HUwV5ti7pTu-00044-00013112-00013375 realized i was dissociating
HUwV5ti7pTu-00045-00013376-00013599 i read the clip something really really
HUwV5ti7pTu-00046-00013600-00013751 weird happened yesterday i know we're
HUwV5ti7pTu-00047-00013752-00013879 gonna film a video about this but i
HUwV5ti7pTu-00048-00013880-00014030 don't really want to set up my camera
HUwV5ti7pTu-00049-00014031-00014263 because i think it's too too much right
HUwV5ti7pTu-00050-00014263-00014430 i'm still quite afraid from all of this
HUwV5ti7pTu-00051-00014431-00014615 and i don't really know 100 what
HUwV5ti7pTu-00052-00014616-00014822 happened long story short i woke up this
HUwV5ti7pTu-00053-00014823-00015015 morning well this afternoon i went to an
HUwV5ti7pTu-00054-00015016-00015158 appointment checked my calls and
HUwV5ti7pTu-00055-00015159-00015327 realized that what i dreamed and
HUwV5ti7pTu-00056-00015328-00015558 actually happened or i thought i dreamt
HUwV5ti7pTu-00057-00015559-00015703 was actually what had happened last
HUwV5ti7pTu-00058-00015704-00015863 night i can't remember anything after
HUwV5ti7pTu-00059-00015863-00016071 about eight o'clock yesterday um i had a
HUwV5ti7pTu-00060-00016072-00016263 dream well apparently i didn't have a
HUwV5ti7pTu-00061-00016263-00016558 dream but it was a dream to me um about
HUwV5ti7pTu-00062-00016559-00016775 these people who were following me that
HUwV5ti7pTu-00063-00016776-00017063 they transformed into animals but they
HUwV5ti7pTu-00064-00017064-00017399 went from being human first to invisible
HUwV5ti7pTu-00065-00017400-00017647 to like a ghost shape like a guarantee i
HUwV5ti7pTu-00066-00017648-00017807 can guarantee this whole thing happened
HUwV5ti7pTu-00067-00017808-00017975 because the state of my phone is green
HUwV5ti7pTu-00068-00017976-00018127 because i've got quick knees and because
HUwV5ti7pTu-00069-00018128-00018335 the core logs like these core logs are
HUwV5ti7pTu-00070-00018336-00018463 actually on my phone and i'm gonna
HUwV5ti7pTu-00071-00018464-00018655 insert a screenshot here it was i don't
HUwV5ti7pTu-00072-00018656-00018791 know i don't know what happened i don't
HUwV5ti7pTu-00073-00018792-00018927 know they couldn't believe it my flight
HUwV5ti7pTu-00074-00018928-00019079 i don't remember any of it like as from
HUwV5ti7pTu-00075-00019080-00019294 the perspective of it actually happening
HUwV5ti7pTu-00076-00019295-00019430 i remember it as in me waking up this
HUwV5ti7pTu-00077-00019431-00019575 morning thinking oh i was a
HUwV5ti7pTu-00078-00019576-00019783 horrible dream to realizing that it
HUwV5ti7pTu-00079-00019784-00020007 actually happened it's a scary situation
HUwV5ti7pTu-00080-00020008-00020167 i don't really know i don't know i don't
HUwV5ti7pTu-00081-00020168-00020286 know i don't know what it's about but
HUwV5ti7pTu-00082-00020287-00020550 these invisible dogs were
HUwV5ti7pTu-00083-00020551-00020750 chasing me biting me and trying to bite
HUwV5ti7pTu-00084-00020751-00020991 me and i was i just i don't know i don't
HUwV5ti7pTu-00085-00020992-00021263 know
HUwV5ti7pTu-00086-00021264-00021535 troubling it's troubling to think about
HUwV5ti7pTu-00087-00021536-00021822 scary scary scary scary scary stuff i
HUwV5ti7pTu-00088-00021823-00022014 really don't know what happened and i'm
HUwV5ti7pTu-00089-00022015-00022175 very afraid of it i don't know i'm
HUwV5ti7pTu-00090-00022176-00022286 afraid to go to sleep again cause i
HUwV5ti7pTu-00091-00022287-00022447 don't know if it's going to happen again
HUwV5ti7pTu-00092-00022448-00022991 i don't know if
HUwV5ti7pTu-00093-00022992-00023158 i don't know how to explain it i don't
HUwV5ti7pTu-00094-00023159-00023335 really know what happened it just feels
HUwV5ti7pTu-00095-00023336-00023567 like it doesn't feel real it wasn't real
HUwV5ti7pTu-00096-00023568-00023807 but it was and i don't know it was such
HUwV5ti7pTu-00097-00023808-00024063 a vivid dream that i don't know it woke
HUwV5ti7pTu-00098-00024064-00024255 me up this morning and when i woke up i
HUwV5ti7pTu-00099-00024256-00024414 was like oh it wasn't drinks it actually
HUwV5ti7pTu-00100-00024415-00024599 happens i've got the cool logs and the
HUwV5ti7pTu-00101-00024600-00024742 clothes and the bruises remember so yeah
HUwV5ti7pTu-00102-00024743-00025014 as you can tell i was very
HUwV5ti7pTu-00103-00025015-00025347 disturbed by it i was very disorientated
HUwV5ti7pTu-00104-00025348-00025711 association is a scary real thing that
HUwV5ti7pTu-00105-00025712-00025878 happens to a lot of people
HUwV5ti7pTu-00106-00025879-00026078 depressionisation de-realization is the
HUwV5ti7pTu-00107-00026079-00026311 most common dissociative disorder
HUwV5ti7pTu-00108-00026312-00026599 followed by dissociative amnesia osdd
HUwV5ti7pTu-00109-00026600-00026839 and ndid this is what it looks like when
HUwV5ti7pTu-00110-00026839-00027087 you dissociate this is an old video my
HUwV5ti7pTu-00111-00027088-00027255 wrong clip i've completely lost track of
HUwV5ti7pTu-00112-00027256-00027888 my thoughts
HUwV5ti7pTu-00113-00027889-00028570 [Music]
HUwV5ti7pTu-00114-00028570-00028807 [Music]
HUwV5ti7pTu-00115-00028808-00029118 i don't even know what i was saying
HUwV5ti7pTu-00116-00029119-00029414 so as you can see i was just out of that
HUwV5ti7pTu-00117-00029416-00029639 continuing on with my discussion on the
HUwV5ti7pTu-00118-00029639-00029862 association
HUwV5ti7pTu-00119-00029863-00030167 yes i've got changed
HUwV5ti7pTu-00120-00030168-00030423 it's very hot in the uk right now let's
HUwV5ti7pTu-00121-00030424-00030590 talk a bit about the process of
HUwV5ti7pTu-00122-00030591-00030839 dissociating so yes continuing our
HUwV5ti7pTu-00123-00030839-00031231 discussion association and what it
HUwV5ti7pTu-00124-00031232-00031839 means to dissociate what is dissociation
HUwV5ti7pTu-00125-00031839-00032031 here's what i found association is a
HUwV5ti7pTu-00126-00032032-00032214 construct that has been developed over
HUwV5ti7pTu-00127-00032216-00032358 time
HUwV5ti7pTu-00128-00032360-00032502 is any
HUwV5ti7pTu-00129-00032503-00032670 of a wide away
HUwV5ti7pTu-00130-00032672-00033031 array of experiences ranging from
HUwV5ti7pTu-00131-00033032-00033279 mild emotional detachment the immediate
HUwV5ti7pTu-00132-00033280-00033495 surroundings to more experience to more
HUwV5ti7pTu-00133-00033496-00033767 severe connection from physical and
HUwV5ti7pTu-00134-00033768-00033999 emotional experience association comes
HUwV5ti7pTu-00135-00034000-00034223 on the spectrum you can mildly
HUwV5ti7pTu-00136-00034224-00034374 experience it
HUwV5ti7pTu-00137-00034375-00034695 you can moderately experience it
HUwV5ti7pTu-00138-00034696-00034943 you can severely experience it it's a
HUwV5ti7pTu-00139-00034944-00035390 spectrum for me i'd say i experienced
HUwV5ti7pTu-00140-00035391-00035695 moderate to severe dissociation more so
HUwV5ti7pTu-00141-00035696-00036039 moderate symptoms of dissociation is a
HUwV5ti7pTu-00142-00036040-00036327 complex thing have you ever experienced
HUwV5ti7pTu-00143-00036328-00036511 association let me know in the comments
HUwV5ti7pTu-00144-00036512-00036711 down below thanks for watching i'll see
HUwV5ti7pTu-00145-00036712-00036862 you guys in
HUwV5ti7pTu-00146-00036863-00037046 my next video
HUwV5ti7pTu-00147-00037047-00037654 peace
HUwV5ti7pTu-00148-00037655-00039895 [Music]
HUwV5ti7pTu-00149-00039896-00040103 you
HUCApvkRK0I-00000-00000000-00000262 carry out data kind of a bit
HUCApvkRK0I-00001-00000263-00000407 um
HUCApvkRK0I-00002-00000408-00000551 the joke doesn't work and you have to
HUCApvkRK0I-00003-00000552-00001139 explain it as well yeah especially
HUCApvkRK0I-00004-00001140-00001453 wizard is mid says Mr Clean
HUCApvkRK0I-00005-00001454-00001780 was it a battery man I must say I agree
HUCApvkRK0I-00006-00001782-00002009 with that one although can be and again
HUCApvkRK0I-00007-00002010-00002195 another reason why I personally like
HUCApvkRK0I-00008-00002196-00002407 Mega draft is every once in a while
HUCApvkRK0I-00009-00002408-00002663 wizard is just an OP pick because of the
HUCApvkRK0I-00010-00002664-00002837 way the mega draft shakes out
HUCApvkRK0I-00011-00002838-00003065 yeah definitely there's so many op cards
HUCApvkRK0I-00012-00003066-00003197 that are only op in mega draft just
HUCApvkRK0I-00013-00003198-00003365 because of this situation which is quite
HUCApvkRK0I-00014-00003365-00003965 nice to say actually
HUCApvkRK0I-00015-00003965-00004288 and a multi-calling car poison which is
HUCApvkRK0I-00016-00004289-00004445 something that we used to see maybe
HUCApvkRK0I-00017-00004446-00004583 about six months ago but definitely not
HUCApvkRK0I-00018-00004584-00004781 as much recently most likely going to be
HUCApvkRK0I-00019-00004782-00005002 graveyard here from Island Towers
HUCApvkRK0I-00020-00005003-00005225 to me this shows weakness in some kind
HUCApvkRK0I-00021-00005226-00005411 of way if you happen to play a deck
HUCApvkRK0I-00022-00005412-00005531 that's not really good at the moment
HUCApvkRK0I-00023-00005532-00005752 hoping for a matchup but to be honest
HUCApvkRK0I-00024-00005753-00005902 that's the same thing I do go into mom
HUCApvkRK0I-00025-00005903-00006172 anyway so I don't blame him
HUCApvkRK0I-00026-00006173-00006406 yeah that's the I think you I think you
HUCApvkRK0I-00027-00006408-00006623 hit both parts of it right is you're not
HUCApvkRK0I-00028-00006623-00006755 expecting that you're gonna go out and
HUCApvkRK0I-00029-00006756-00006983 outplay Mohammed light so try to figure
HUCApvkRK0I-00030-00006984-00007128 out the out matchup
HUCApvkRK0I-00031-00007129-00007417 for sure
HUCApvkRK0I-00032-00007418-00007745 nice prediction there on the uh on the
HUCApvkRK0I-00033-00007745-00007877 motor
HUCApvkRK0I-00034-00007878-00008051 I don't know if it will melted too much
HUCApvkRK0I-00035-00008052-00008483 if he managed to get the earthquake down
HUCApvkRK0I-00036-00008484-00008717 and I mean this is very similar to what
HUCApvkRK0I-00037-00008718-00008945 we saw earlier today from Muhammad light
HUCApvkRK0I-00038-00008946-00009227 and said it was a hog mortar deck rather
HUCApvkRK0I-00039-00009228-00009677 than a mortar gy but you know you're
HUCApvkRK0I-00040-00009678-00009851 seeing Mohammed
HUCApvkRK0I-00041-00009852-00010174 just try to get opportunistic hog riders
HUCApvkRK0I-00042-00010175-00010456 to the opposite lane of these mortars
HUCApvkRK0I-00043-00010457-00010649 although one key difference here the
HUCApvkRK0I-00044-00010650-00010751 snowball
HUCApvkRK0I-00045-00010752-00011003 for some of that slow and helping damage
HUCApvkRK0I-00046-00011004-00011105 down
HUCApvkRK0I-00047-00011106-00011267 we'll see if that's a big factor as time
HUCApvkRK0I-00048-00011268-00011410 goes on
HUCApvkRK0I-00049-00011411-00011596 yeah I think Arden Terrace is going to
HUCApvkRK0I-00050-00011597-00011699 have a hard time dealing with these
HUCApvkRK0I-00051-00011700-00011831 cards in the graveyard even though the
HUCApvkRK0I-00052-00011832-00012064 poison comes down most too good he'll
HUCApvkRK0I-00053-00012065-00012263 end up crashing at the same time and it
HUCApvkRK0I-00054-00012264-00012473 won't always uh work out too well for
HUCApvkRK0I-00055-00012474-00012642 him
HUCApvkRK0I-00056-00012643-00012941 that's a really nice Skeleton King there
HUCApvkRK0I-00057-00012941-00013121 musketeer is going to get
HUCApvkRK0I-00058-00013122-00013457 ruined very quickly
HUCApvkRK0I-00059-00013458-00013636 let's see there we go we see the hog at
HUCApvkRK0I-00060-00013637-00013786 the perfect time there from now even
HUCApvkRK0I-00061-00013787-00013961 though he gets a bit of Advantage if he
HUCApvkRK0I-00062-00013962-00014099 doesn't hog there and he gets to glitter
HUCApvkRK0I-00063-00014100-00014230 down it could be a little bit of a
HUCApvkRK0I-00064-00014231-00014453 sticky situation but no just pressures
HUCApvkRK0I-00065-00014454-00014608 perfectly he's not expecting to get many
HUCApvkRK0I-00066-00014609-00014741 whole kits he just doesn't run the
HUCApvkRK0I-00067-00014741-00015041 attack to continue
HUCApvkRK0I-00068-00015041-00015329 and I called it perfectly Giovanni TV
HUCApvkRK0I-00069-00015330-00015461 public school in America you're right
HUCApvkRK0I-00070-00015462-00015580 hey I went to public school too I just
HUCApvkRK0I-00071-00015581-00015922 paid attention
HUCApvkRK0I-00072-00015923-00016150 throwing heat here in the final match
HUCApvkRK0I-00073-00016151-00016336 both on the board and in the cast here
HUCApvkRK0I-00074-00016337-00016535 we go sudden death overtime on its way
HUCApvkRK0I-00075-00016536-00016697 Arden towas
HUCApvkRK0I-00076-00016698-00016835 I really want to know if he's talking to
HUCApvkRK0I-00077-00016836-00017177 somebody or talking to himself
HUCApvkRK0I-00078-00017178-00017327 yeah I'm not sure either I think he's
HUCApvkRK0I-00079-00017328-00017483 he's been making a few players facing
HUCApvkRK0I-00080-00017484-00017650 Alexa so that she means talking to
HUCApvkRK0I-00081-00017651-00017872 someone else
HUCApvkRK0I-00082-00017873-00018065 so that actually little information that
HUCApvkRK0I-00083-00018066-00018244 you take me personally though if I have
HUCApvkRK0I-00084-00018245-00018383 someone in my ear while I'm playing I
HUCApvkRK0I-00085-00018384-00018521 just can't concentrate at all so I
HUCApvkRK0I-00086-00018522-00018658 always have to say I'm gonna have to
HUCApvkRK0I-00087-00018659-00018929 meet my wife or something yeah I I am
HUCApvkRK0I-00088-00018930-00019241 much the same way mortar picks up the
HUCApvkRK0I-00089-00019242-00019499 hog and there's no King Tower activation
HUCApvkRK0I-00090-00019500-00019769 troop available against this mortar I
HUCApvkRK0I-00091-00019770-00019991 don't think the the Goblins King Tower
HUCApvkRK0I-00092-00019992-00020225 activation I don't think you can do that
HUCApvkRK0I-00093-00020226-00020422 with the ice spirit because I don't
HUCApvkRK0I-00094-00020423-00020591 think it sits in the right spot when you
HUCApvkRK0I-00095-00020592-00020764 drop it I've never seen someone attempt
HUCApvkRK0I-00096-00020765-00020957 it with the ice beard so I'm assuming
HUCApvkRK0I-00097-00020958-00021167 it's not it's not possible
HUCApvkRK0I-00098-00021168-00021347 yeah I think the same too but it's
HUCApvkRK0I-00099-00021348-00021521 always one of those things that doesn't
HUCApvkRK0I-00100-00021522-00021658 happen for like three years and then
HUCApvkRK0I-00101-00021659-00021821 you'll see one clip get a thousand likes
HUCApvkRK0I-00102-00021822-00022019 on Twitter and suddenly it's all you can
HUCApvkRK0I-00103-00022020-00022307 do it yeah but uh yeah I think so too I
HUCApvkRK0I-00104-00022308-00022385 didn't even know you could do with
HUCApvkRK0I-00105-00022386-00022571 goblins any new skeletons and then I saw
HUCApvkRK0I-00106-00022572-00022763 someone hit with goblins oh yeah of
HUCApvkRK0I-00107-00022764-00022985 course that makes sense
HUCApvkRK0I-00108-00022986-00023219 guards working against the graveyard
HUCApvkRK0I-00109-00023220-00023494 poison push log to clean up in the end
HUCApvkRK0I-00110-00023495-00023699 final minute triple elixir on its way
HUCApvkRK0I-00111-00023700-00023980 this is when graveyard can get dangerous
HUCApvkRK0I-00112-00023981-00024269 lead right now for Arden towas in our
HUCApvkRK0I-00113-00024270-00024580 first game
HUCApvkRK0I-00114-00024581-00024833 yeah and I think uh definitely advantage
HUCApvkRK0I-00115-00024834-00025049 on toes as well just because of these
HUCApvkRK0I-00116-00025050-00025307 snowballs and graveyards is able to as
HUCApvkRK0I-00117-00025308-00025450 well cycle counting carts in the back
HUCApvkRK0I-00118-00025451-00025643 with no worry and as soon as he builds
HUCApvkRK0I-00119-00025644-00025918 up kind of somewhat of a push and you
HUCApvkRK0I-00120-00025919-00026183 can do a lot of damage the EQ plus log
HUCApvkRK0I-00121-00026183-00026446 plus hog trying to Break On Through on
HUCApvkRK0I-00122-00026447-00026633 that right hand side can't do it late
HUCApvkRK0I-00123-00026633-00027049 mortar cleans up
HUCApvkRK0I-00124-00027050-00027262 so this is going to be quite a bit of
HUCApvkRK0I-00125-00027263-00027455 damage I think but even if there's not a
HUCApvkRK0I-00126-00027456-00027581 bit of damage it's earthquake on the
HUCApvkRK0I-00127-00027582-00027761 tower without on tours getting radio
HUCApvkRK0I-00128-00027762-00028037 down in time massive hog shot 13 seconds
HUCApvkRK0I-00129-00028038-00028252 left this graveyard is either it or it's
HUCApvkRK0I-00130-00028254-00028511 game over mortar High musketeer trying
HUCApvkRK0I-00131-00028512-00028702 to work the mortar might Target Tower
HUCApvkRK0I-00132-00028704-00028973 though mortar does Target Tower snowball
HUCApvkRK0I-00133-00028974-00029279 in not gonna be enough Mohammed light
HUCApvkRK0I-00134-00029280-00029537 holds on and gets game number one
HUCApvkRK0I-00135-00029538-00029693 and that was such beautiful play for
HUCApvkRK0I-00136-00029694-00029807 Mohammed like that opposite lane
HUCApvkRK0I-00137-00029808-00030017 pressure in that last 30 seconds just
HUCApvkRK0I-00138-00030018-00030274 allowed him to keep cycling those Hogs
HUCApvkRK0I-00139-00030275-00030461 forced onto us to do a defensive motor
HUCApvkRK0I-00140-00030462-00030635 and just not concentrate on offensive
HUCApvkRK0I-00141-00030636-00030808 graveyards really well played by Mo
HUCApvkRK0I-00142-00030810-00031037 Arden pretty unhappy with that one we
HUCApvkRK0I-00143-00031038-00031367 let's see might see e-giant from Arden
HUCApvkRK0I-00144-00031368-00031481 coming up
HUCApvkRK0I-00145-00031482-00031835 Mo does like to go minor
HUCApvkRK0I-00146-00031836-00032137 we'll see if there's a NATO deck here
HUCApvkRK0I-00147-00032138-00032405 for Arden bomber does look like
HUCApvkRK0I-00148-00032406-00032743 potentially e-giant arrows to clean up
HUCApvkRK0I-00149-00032744-00032939 yeah I think you've called it perfectly
HUCApvkRK0I-00150-00032940-00033052 I think it looks like it's going to be
HUCApvkRK0I-00151-00033053-00033443 H9 versus pigs here most likely which um
HUCApvkRK0I-00152-00033444-00033562 because the bomber it will definitely
HUCApvkRK0I-00153-00033563-00033761 help each giant slightly but I still
HUCApvkRK0I-00154-00033762-00034454 think Advantage pigs
HUCApvkRK0I-00155-00034455-00034693 [Music]
HUCApvkRK0I-00156-00034694-00035189 Zappy's High giant skeleton to protect
HUCApvkRK0I-00157-00035190-00035418 thank you
HUCApvkRK0I-00158-00035419-00035645 there's a slight chance here from Arden
HUCApvkRK0I-00159-00035646-00035855 Terrace to make an outplay if you could
HUCApvkRK0I-00160-00035856-00035968 do like a knee chain and get the
HUCApvkRK0I-00161-00035969-00036593 lightning off
HUCApvkRK0I-00162-00036594-00036887 they get all the damage here even if
HUCApvkRK0I-00163-00036888-00037367 it's just the bomber nice NATO too
HUCApvkRK0I-00164-00037368-00037511 this is what Arden Terrace is going to
HUCApvkRK0I-00165-00037512-00037643 have to do to win this game he's gonna
HUCApvkRK0I-00166-00037644-00037787 have to get a lot of early damage it'll
HUCApvkRK0I-00167-00037788-00038093 make use of a bad cycle
HUCApvkRK0I-00168-00038094-00038909 great early damage here
HUCApvkRK0I-00169-00038910-00039179 both players just resetting
HUCApvkRK0I-00170-00039180-00039407 okay may won't do too much offensively
HUCApvkRK0I-00171-00039408-00039677 in this uh single Elixir if anything
HUCApvkRK0I-00172-00039678-00039827 it'll be hard on tour it's just trying
HUCApvkRK0I-00173-00039828-00040537 to make good of a bad situation
HUCApvkRK0I-00174-00040538-00040768 giant skeleton sets up to the left-hand
HUCApvkRK0I-00175-00040769-00041011 Lane as we reach halfway through our
HUCApvkRK0I-00176-00041012-00041345 opening three
HUCApvkRK0I-00177-00041346-00041651 and so far it's been almost all Arden
HUCApvkRK0I-00178-00041652-00041951 after a really rough game number one you
HUCApvkRK0I-00179-00041952-00042124 see the scoreboard right hand side 4-0
HUCApvkRK0I-00180-00042125-00042617 in game so far four shots for Cal pugans
HUCApvkRK0I-00181-00042618-00043018 because Chivas Esports have another
HUCApvkRK0I-00182-00043019-00043283 big match in them or are we going to
HUCApvkRK0I-00183-00043284-00043552 suddenly see 5-0 and a
HUCApvkRK0I-00184-00043553-00043768 really dangerous deciding set number
HUCApvkRK0I-00185-00043769-00043918 three
HUCApvkRK0I-00186-00043919-00044141 for Chivas
HUCApvkRK0I-00187-00044142-00044483 [Music]
HUCApvkRK0I-00188-00044484-00044608 no you're just going with the lane block
HUCApvkRK0I-00189-00044609-00044818 here mirroring that uh giant skeleton
HUCApvkRK0I-00190-00044819-00045095 alley it's just a really safe play you
HUCApvkRK0I-00191-00045096-00045190 know he's not really going to be
HUCApvkRK0I-00192-00045191-00045352 produced for as long as it's in the same
HUCApvkRK0I-00193-00045353-00045443 Lane
HUCApvkRK0I-00194-00045444-00045629 a nice little aggressive push here
HUCApvkRK0I-00195-00045630-00045808 flying machine's still alive and he's
HUCApvkRK0I-00196-00045809-00045911 gonna have to do something in the middle
HUCApvkRK0I-00197-00045912-00046085 there we go and this is going to be a
HUCApvkRK0I-00198-00046086-00046205 lot of damage here from him even if
HUCApvkRK0I-00199-00046206-00046330 there's not a lot of damage it's going
HUCApvkRK0I-00200-00046331-00046474 to be up a lot of Elixir he'll be able
HUCApvkRK0I-00201-00046475-00046667 to reset again and then go in the back
HUCApvkRK0I-00202-00046668-00046858 with that literally and look at how the
HUCApvkRK0I-00203-00046859-00047057 e-giant had hoped to put damage on that
HUCApvkRK0I-00204-00047058-00047218 flying machine with the giant skeleton
HUCApvkRK0I-00205-00047219-00047411 pulled it away and that's that same
HUCApvkRK0I-00206-00047412-00047651 flying machine it's still a hundred
HUCApvkRK0I-00207-00047652-00047855 percent healthy so
HUCApvkRK0I-00208-00047856-00048052 the abuse of the flying machines right
HUCApvkRK0I-00209-00048053-00048280 now causing huge problems for our
HUCApvkRK0I-00210-00048281-00048605 matineos not at King Tower activation at
HUCApvkRK0I-00211-00048606-00048833 this late stage of the game could it be
HUCApvkRK0I-00212-00048834-00049139 impactful maybe the Dual Lane pressure
HUCApvkRK0I-00213-00049140-00049415 though giving Mo nice options as we go
HUCApvkRK0I-00214-00049416-00049612 into Southern down
HUCApvkRK0I-00215-00049613-00049745 yeah and we're just playing really
HUCApvkRK0I-00216-00049746-00049955 perfectly at this point
HUCApvkRK0I-00217-00049956-00050117 um really making use of flying machines
HUCApvkRK0I-00218-00050118-00050273 I think that's how you win this match up
HUCApvkRK0I-00219-00050274-00050477 although this may be slightly a bit
HUCApvkRK0I-00220-00050478-00050608 difficult for him to deal with you'll
HUCApvkRK0I-00221-00050609-00050735 have to get the zappies down and you'll
HUCApvkRK0I-00222-00050736-00050945 be fine to be honest with you
HUCApvkRK0I-00223-00050946-00051077 um maybe a flying machine in the middle
HUCApvkRK0I-00224-00051078-00051257 just help clean things up even on the
HUCApvkRK0I-00225-00051258-00051487 left that works too
HUCApvkRK0I-00226-00051488-00051707 [Music]
HUCApvkRK0I-00227-00051708-00051923 no Canon as well he'll definitely go
HUCApvkRK0I-00228-00051924-00052085 with the pigs here
HUCApvkRK0I-00229-00052086-00052408 save those arrowser and that lightning
HUCApvkRK0I-00230-00052409-00052594 comes out and doesn't get the flying
HUCApvkRK0I-00231-00052595-00052763 machine because of the pig lightning
HUCApvkRK0I-00232-00052764-00052997 block tons of damage on that left-hand
HUCApvkRK0I-00233-00052998-00053237 side Mo very happy you can see tickled
HUCApvkRK0I-00234-00053238-00053411 pink with that we'll see a mirror here
HUCApvkRK0I-00235-00053412-00053680 possibly as well there we go arrow is
HUCApvkRK0I-00236-00053682-00054125 ready for the bomber
HUCApvkRK0I-00237-00054126-00054323 nice defense but still good damage and
HUCApvkRK0I-00238-00054324-00054799 he's not down elixir
HUCApvkRK0I-00239-00054800-00054941 [Applause]
HUCApvkRK0I-00240-00054941-00055223 now just setting up the defense into the
HUCApvkRK0I-00241-00055224-00055450 opposite lane here and Arden deciding
HUCApvkRK0I-00242-00055451-00055576 hey you're gonna put a giant skeleton
HUCApvkRK0I-00243-00055577-00055763 there let me put the push the opposite
HUCApvkRK0I-00244-00055764-00055966 direction
HUCApvkRK0I-00245-00055967-00056309 and mo gonna Double Down away from the
HUCApvkRK0I-00246-00056310-00056453 Egypt
HUCApvkRK0I-00247-00056454-00056626 yeah and then he's got this fisherman
HUCApvkRK0I-00248-00056627-00056825 and he's pushing on the side he won't
HUCApvkRK0I-00249-00056826-00056957 have enough to lightning it the NATO
HUCApvkRK0I-00250-00056958-00057232 doesn't come off no Zappy's now got free
HUCApvkRK0I-00251-00057233-00057629 reign
HUCApvkRK0I-00252-00057629-00058294 s
HUCApvkRK0I-00253-00058295-00058475 good damage you're gonna come in here
HUCApvkRK0I-00254-00058476-00058804 the NATO almost offsetting the fisherman
HUCApvkRK0I-00255-00058805-00058979 but that's real damage that's
HUCApvkRK0I-00256-00058979-00059116 significant damage to the 20 seconds
HUCApvkRK0I-00257-00059117-00059494 left 7 18 to 8 25 giant skeleton down
HUCApvkRK0I-00258-00059495-00059759 left-hand side 15 seconds left Higgs
HUCApvkRK0I-00259-00059760-00059987 trying to sneak on by will there be a
HUCApvkRK0I-00260-00059988-00060161 second Cannon cycle here bomb Tower
HUCApvkRK0I-00261-00060162-00060454 going toward Cannon cycled High arrows
HUCApvkRK0I-00262-00060455-00060749 is there a a block here Bo's gonna drop
HUCApvkRK0I-00263-00060750-00061013 no does not drop the pigs doesn't matter
HUCApvkRK0I-00264-00061014-00061313 oh the NATO steals it for Arden Thomas
HUCApvkRK0I-00265-00061314-00061823 wow the NATO steals it and I am honestly
HUCApvkRK0I-00266-00061824-00062092 a little bit shocked that Moe didn't
HUCApvkRK0I-00267-00062094-00062279 drop the mirrored pigs on the right hand
HUCApvkRK0I-00268-00062279-00062435 side for a cheeky lightning block
HUCApvkRK0I-00269-00062436-00062573 attempt
HUCApvkRK0I-00270-00062574-00062771 yeah I think that was the play at that
HUCApvkRK0I-00271-00062772-00062915 point but he had to save that mirror for
HUCApvkRK0I-00272-00062916-00063059 that second arrow is hoping the Arden
HUCApvkRK0I-00273-00063060-00063232 Terrace didn't get the get the mirror
HUCApvkRK0I-00274-00063233-00063473 down yeah get the Nader down rather I
HUCApvkRK0I-00275-00063474-00063616 think the only other play there tomorrow
HUCApvkRK0I-00276-00063617-00063832 is going mirror pigs rather than uh
HUCApvkRK0I-00277-00063833-00063976 saving for the mirror arrows on the
HUCApvkRK0I-00278-00063977-00064573 left-hand side
HUCApvkRK0I-00279-00064574-00064799 oh my hair for Mo looking like he's
HUCApvkRK0I-00280-00064800-00064997 going with a giant for a NATO deck
HUCApvkRK0I-00281-00064998-00065123 possibly unless he's playing something
HUCApvkRK0I-00282-00065124-00065321 off matter
HUCApvkRK0I-00283-00065322-00065543 um this drill coming down oh sorry this
HUCApvkRK0I-00284-00065544-00065681 Mighty might come down makes me think
HUCApvkRK0I-00285-00065682-00065843 it's drill just based on what's been
HUCApvkRK0I-00286-00065844-00066299 played today so far
HUCApvkRK0I-00287-00066300-00066599 uh chat's still reacting to the bananas
HUCApvkRK0I-00288-00066600-00066844 finish that we just saw there
HUCApvkRK0I-00289-00066845-00067019 and it's e-giant
HUCApvkRK0I-00290-00067020-00067613 for Mo this time
HUCApvkRK0I-00291-00067614-00067799 an aggressive EJ not much will happen
HUCApvkRK0I-00292-00067800-00067997 here until I was just about to spend
HUCApvkRK0I-00293-00067998-00068165 goblins or an iceberg
HUCApvkRK0I-00294-00068166-00068555 and a pretty safe from both players
HUCApvkRK0I-00295-00068556-00068885 [Music]
HUCApvkRK0I-00296-00068886-00069041 but am I going to be a really nice card
HUCApvkRK0I-00297-00069042-00069226 though for Mo here in this matchup if it
HUCApvkRK0I-00298-00069227-00069391 is drill
HUCApvkRK0I-00299-00069392-00069623 typically we normally see just a Barb
HUCApvkRK0I-00300-00069624-00069785 Barrel instead of that bomber but the
HUCApvkRK0I-00301-00069786-00069953 bomb is a nice pick from jebus or
HUCApvkRK0I-00302-00069954-00070475 whoever decided to put in there
HUCApvkRK0I-00303-00070476-00070781 and this is of course in-game duels so
HUCApvkRK0I-00304-00070782-00070973 all the decks are pre-submitted and
HUCApvkRK0I-00305-00070974-00071123 you're dividing up to four decks not
HUCApvkRK0I-00306-00071124-00071435 just three
HUCApvkRK0I-00307-00071436-00072419 so some complicated choices there
HUCApvkRK0I-00308-00072420-00072599 Bill placed in the anti-native position
HUCApvkRK0I-00309-00072600-00072815 by auditoris a nice little play if you
HUCApvkRK0I-00310-00072816-00072965 place it on the tower
HUCApvkRK0I-00311-00072966-00073121 um in the middle it can get an easy
HUCApvkRK0I-00312-00073122-00073306 Native activation which can really
HUCApvkRK0I-00313-00073307-00074117 lessen your chance to win in the game
HUCApvkRK0I-00314-00074118-00074399 e-giant sets up
HUCApvkRK0I-00315-00074400-00074700 to the strong side
HUCApvkRK0I-00316-00074701-00075029 yeah that was that was yeah nice to suck
HUCApvkRK0I-00317-00075030-00075313 that out
HUCApvkRK0I-00318-00075314-00075575 are both been used always going to get a
HUCApvkRK0I-00319-00075576-00075706 negative trade and you've got to defend
HUCApvkRK0I-00320-00075707-00076163 them now that they're full for troops
HUCApvkRK0I-00321-00076164-00076385 Lightning's doing the work
HUCApvkRK0I-00322-00076386-00076588 for these e-giant decks we just saw it
HUCApvkRK0I-00323-00076589-00076738 last game seeing it here in this game as
HUCApvkRK0I-00324-00076739-00077056 well lightning being very important
HUCApvkRK0I-00325-00077057-00077369 as time goes on the giant does not get a
HUCApvkRK0I-00326-00077370-00077641 reflection shot on that Tower
HUCApvkRK0I-00327-00077642-00077969 as we are in our double Elixir period
HUCApvkRK0I-00328-00077970-00078167 now the lead
HUCApvkRK0I-00329-00078168-00078688 thin but there for Muhammad light
HUCApvkRK0I-00330-00078689-00078947 although
HUCApvkRK0I-00331-00078948-00079241 posting uh lots of extra responses that
HUCApvkRK0I-00332-00079242-00079373 typically you wouldn't have saw in that
HUCApvkRK0I-00333-00079374-00080005 bush
HUCApvkRK0I-00334-00080006-00080332 a nice log to getting the tower in
HUCApvkRK0I-00335-00080333-00080521 Phoenix
HUCApvkRK0I-00336-00080522-00080788 yeah this giant will get a little bit of
HUCApvkRK0I-00337-00080789-00080950 reflection here lightning him to clear
HUCApvkRK0I-00338-00080951-00081149 two lane damage now
HUCApvkRK0I-00339-00081150-00081425 for Mohammed light Arden towas primarily
HUCApvkRK0I-00340-00081426-00081719 almost exclusively on that right lane
HUCApvkRK0I-00341-00081720-00082169 despite a tiny touch the other direction
HUCApvkRK0I-00342-00082170-00082361 yeah I don't know it's definitely I
HUCApvkRK0I-00343-00082362-00082505 think playing slightly better than me at
HUCApvkRK0I-00344-00082506-00082649 this point although that can change very
HUCApvkRK0I-00345-00082650-00082841 quickly as soon as well decides to turn
HUCApvkRK0I-00346-00082842-00083032 it on he's so good with these control
HUCApvkRK0I-00347-00083033-00083262 decks now as well just as good as cycle
HUCApvkRK0I-00348-00083263-00083561 and varying things up here oh and the
HUCApvkRK0I-00349-00083562-00083806 bomber trying to get out in front of
HUCApvkRK0I-00350-00083807-00084071 those goblins timing not quite there for
HUCApvkRK0I-00351-00084072-00084509 the bombers shots
HUCApvkRK0I-00352-00084510-00084700 no I see Joan too he's gonna have to
HUCApvkRK0I-00353-00084701-00084893 overspend for this
HUCApvkRK0I-00354-00084894-00085103 and you love if your Mohammed light
HUCApvkRK0I-00355-00085104-00085223 scene drills have to come out
HUCApvkRK0I-00356-00085224-00085393 defensively rather than offensively
HUCApvkRK0I-00357-00085394-00085793 Lightning goes does get the
HUCApvkRK0I-00358-00085794-00086050 drill off the board and a little bit of
HUCApvkRK0I-00359-00086051-00086171 damage here
HUCApvkRK0I-00360-00086172-00086411 but that is not a comfortable lead for
HUCApvkRK0I-00361-00086412-00086687 Mo 25 HP well that'll get taken care of
HUCApvkRK0I-00362-00086688-00087173 right about boom there
HUCApvkRK0I-00363-00087174-00087400 nice 502 getting the cannon and the
HUCApvkRK0I-00364-00087401-00087587 golden Knight lots of goblin hits too
HUCApvkRK0I-00365-00087588-00087791 and the death damage bomb this is really
HUCApvkRK0I-00366-00087792-00087911 good for odd and Terrace he's playing
HUCApvkRK0I-00367-00087912-00088115 superb
HUCApvkRK0I-00368-00088116-00088337 triple elixir in
HUCApvkRK0I-00369-00088338-00088588 bird does pop a little bit golden knife
HUCApvkRK0I-00370-00088589-00088744 clears bomber sets up for the left hand
HUCApvkRK0I-00371-00088745-00088894 lane
HUCApvkRK0I-00372-00088895-00089099 what's Moe's plan gonna be for this
HUCApvkRK0I-00373-00089100-00089291 drill as the mighty minor Ice Spirit
HUCApvkRK0I-00374-00089292-00089465 goes for a NATO to the king Tower
HUCApvkRK0I-00375-00089466-00089765 activation bar Barrel to clear has to go
HUCApvkRK0I-00376-00089766-00089950 high with the golden Knight can its
HUCApvkRK0I-00377-00089951-00090106 ability get off and take care of the
HUCApvkRK0I-00378-00090107-00090341 Muskie and it can each Giant in on the
HUCApvkRK0I-00379-00090342-00090593 left-hand Lane lightning now just gets
HUCApvkRK0I-00380-00090594-00090868 the musketeer and does not get anything
HUCApvkRK0I-00381-00090869-00091103 else problem lightning that's the second
HUCApvkRK0I-00382-00091104-00091331 lightning that's only hit one target for
HUCApvkRK0I-00383-00091332-00091571 Mohammed light today so we've seen that
HUCApvkRK0I-00384-00091572-00091738 happen a couple of times here Fireball
HUCApvkRK0I-00385-00091739-00091949 plus drill in and this is looking more
HUCApvkRK0I-00386-00091950-00092165 and more like that's all sewn up Arden
HUCApvkRK0I-00387-00092166-00092500 towas is going to get a huge clutch
HUCApvkRK0I-00388-00092501-00092831 four Chivas Esports and tie things up
HUCApvkRK0I-00389-00092832-00093203 going into our third set
HUCApvkRK0I-00390-00093204-00093382 yeah I've got to say although I don't
HUCApvkRK0I-00391-00093383-00093550 want to I don't think Mo has looked on
HUCApvkRK0I-00392-00093551-00093788 it on it
HVtHgjxGOKI-00000-00000107-00000409 hey guys it's been a little while since
HVtHgjxGOKI-00001-00000411-00000708 we've been we're trying to reconnect
HVtHgjxGOKI-00002-00000709-00001054 wanted to check in I think we're live
HVtHgjxGOKI-00003-00001055-00001487 maybe now it's a new app but Jenna and I
HVtHgjxGOKI-00004-00001488-00001807 are here with a friend MJ and we love
HVtHgjxGOKI-00005-00001809-00001951 her and believe in her and we're rocking
HVtHgjxGOKI-00006-00001952-00002507 our MJ shirts and she hi guys so this
HVtHgjxGOKI-00007-00002508-00002747 message for everybody about just
HVtHgjxGOKI-00008-00002748-00002963 humanity in general and love each other
HVtHgjxGOKI-00009-00002964-00003158 and support each other but especially
HVtHgjxGOKI-00010-00003159-00003638 for us Texans if you can vote that we
HVtHgjxGOKI-00011-00003639-00004120 need Congress in North Austin if you
HVtHgjxGOKI-00012-00004121-00004256 lived in Williamson County or Bell
HVtHgjxGOKI-00013-00004257-00004490 County vote early vote starts a week
HVtHgjxGOKI-00014-00004491-00004631 from Monday if you don't you can still
HVtHgjxGOKI-00015-00004632-00004892 help you could pitch on you know pitch
HVtHgjxGOKI-00016-00004893-00005233 in $5 $10 $25 if you're a US citizen
HVtHgjxGOKI-00017-00005234-00005431 we've raised three and a half million
HVtHgjxGOKI-00018-00005432-00005699 dollars and 94% of our money is $200 and
HVtHgjxGOKI-00019-00005700-00005911 below yeah which is amazing we need your
HVtHgjxGOKI-00020-00005912-00006250 help and we every dollar counts and and
HVtHgjxGOKI-00021-00006251-00006445 Jennsen Misha and I have agreed to
HVtHgjxGOKI-00022-00006447-00006739 donate the maximum amount to match the
HVtHgjxGOKI-00023-00006740-00006955 more we get the more we're matching so
HVtHgjxGOKI-00024-00006956-00007253 getting your funds she stands for all
HVtHgjxGOKI-00025-00007254-00007394 the right things and she's a wonderful
HVtHgjxGOKI-00026-00007395-00007684 person and truly inspirational and we
HVtHgjxGOKI-00027-00007686-00008671 are honored to have her here click the
HVtHgjxGOKI-00028-00008672-00008864 link to donate but if you want to learn
HVtHgjxGOKI-00029-00008865-00009092 more about the story then go to mj4
HVtHgjxGOKI-00030-00009093-00009374 texas calm and you know I served three
HVtHgjxGOKI-00031-00009375-00009710 tours in Afghanistan I'm a Texan just
HVtHgjxGOKI-00032-00009711-00009863 fighting for our kids just trying to
HVtHgjxGOKI-00033-00009864-00010114 fight to make the country a better place
HVtHgjxGOKI-00034-00010115-00010339 for our kids that are growing up into so
HVtHgjxGOKI-00035-00010340-00010471 that they can love who they want and
HVtHgjxGOKI-00036-00010472-00010601 practice what religion they want and
HVtHgjxGOKI-00037-00010602-00010764 breathe the air and drink the water and
HVtHgjxGOKI-00038-00010765-00011063 any help you can give us is greatly
HVtHgjxGOKI-00039-00011064-00011210 appreciated we're in the final stretch
HVtHgjxGOKI-00040-00011211-00011552 here ya go yes
HVtHgjxGOKI-00041-00011553-00011860 reconnect we're back so yes that I
HVtHgjxGOKI-00042-00011861-00012077 pushed a button on Facebook and I think
HVtHgjxGOKI-00043-00012078-00012274 I messed up but but uh like she said she
HVtHgjxGOKI-00044-00012275-00012370 stands for fiscally everything that
HVtHgjxGOKI-00045-00012371-00012721 people should stand for and the world
HVtHgjxGOKI-00046-00012722-00012941 and Texas for sure will be a better
HVtHgjxGOKI-00047-00012941-00013253 place if she gets to be in Congress so
HVtHgjxGOKI-00048-00013254-00013368 help us
HVtHgjxGOKI-00049-00013369-00013656 blank every little bit counts which say
HVtHgjxGOKI-00050-00013657-00014151 95% is less so we're up against big
HVtHgjxGOKI-00051-00014152-00014352 corporate special interests so we got to
HVtHgjxGOKI-00052-00014353-00014529 have a bunch of individuals linking arms
HVtHgjxGOKI-00053-00014530-00015336 to make this work yeah all right we love
HVtHgjxGOKI-00054-00015337-00015806 you guys thank you thank you all so much
HVtHgjxGOKI-00055-00015807-00016163 killer bye guys
HWFtBlfPsyy-00000-00003296-00003551 our tale today is about a little girl
HWFtBlfPsyy-00001-00003552-00003736 who's kind heart brought her a new
HWFtBlfPsyy-00002-00003738-00004054 friend and much happiness but only after
HWFtBlfPsyy-00003-00004055-00004160 a lot of trouble
HWFtBlfPsyy-00004-00004161-00004406 she lived in a hut with her old father
HWFtBlfPsyy-00005-00004407-00004949 and very happy they were but then the
HWFtBlfPsyy-00006-00004950-00005156 old man took himself a new wife and
HWFtBlfPsyy-00007-00005157-00005356 suddenly the little girl found herself
HWFtBlfPsyy-00008-00005357-00005572 with a cruel stepmother who wouldn't
HWFtBlfPsyy-00009-00005573-00005839 even let her sit at the table for meal
HWFtBlfPsyy-00010-00005840-00006085 is it all you're going to get now be off
HWFtBlfPsyy-00011-00006086-00007633 with you indeed I would old one but I
HWFtBlfPsyy-00012-00007634-00009199 have no money is it really valuable say
HWFtBlfPsyy-00013-00009200-00009343 that's right
HWFtBlfPsyy-00014-00009344-00010221 good enough old one you made a bargain
HWFtBlfPsyy-00015-00010222-00010521 but the horn was not as worthless as the
HWFtBlfPsyy-00016-00010522-00010801 old woman imagined it was a magic horn
HWFtBlfPsyy-00017-00010802-00011065 the Lord would not play it could never
HWFtBlfPsyy-00019-00014622-00014928 what is the true value of a beautiful
HWFtBlfPsyy-00020-00014929-00015867 flower she's the most beautiful princess
HWFtBlfPsyy-00021-00015868-00016102 I've ever seen what a lovely queen she
HWFtBlfPsyy-00022-00016103-00016333 would be I will ask her to marry me but
HWFtBlfPsyy-00023-00016334-00016492 what should I send her as a gift
HWFtBlfPsyy-00024-00016493-00016822 she's as wealthy as I am truly gold the
HWFtBlfPsyy-00025-00016823-00017047 jewels would be nothing to her perhaps
HWFtBlfPsyy-00026-00017048-00017272 something simple would please her I will
HWFtBlfPsyy-00027-00017273-00017361 give her my two most beautiful
HWFtBlfPsyy-00028-00017362-00017622 professions my rose and my nightingale
HWFtBlfPsyy-00029-00017623-00017980 and you were taken to her princess's
HWFtBlfPsyy-00030-00017981-00018231 father who was a great Emperor received
HWFtBlfPsyy-00031-00018232-00018478 the servant graciously you are welcome
HWFtBlfPsyy-00032-00018479-00018720 to my court young man you'd a you may
HWFtBlfPsyy-00033-00018721-00018952 state your business my master the Prince
HWFtBlfPsyy-00034-00018953-00019155 wishes to ask for the hand of the
HWFtBlfPsyy-00035-00019156-00019290 princess in marriage
HWFtBlfPsyy-00036-00019291-00019518 it isn't always what a person looks like
HWFtBlfPsyy-00037-00019519-00019842 with men of what he or she is really
HWFtBlfPsyy-00038-00019843-00020065 like
HboB1XeDXqE-00000-00000074-00000332 during the first world war there were a
HboB1XeDXqE-00001-00000333-00000586 number of conferences of the socialist
HboB1XeDXqE-00002-00000587-00001456 parties of the on tante or Allied powers
HboB1XeDXqE-00003-00001457-00002236 topic London February 1915
HboB1XeDXqE-00004-00002237-00002512 the first conference was held in London
HboB1XeDXqE-00005-00002513-00002998 the 14th of February 1915 the official
HboB1XeDXqE-00006-00002999-00003229 minutes were not published but among the
HboB1XeDXqE-00007-00003229-00003440 approximately 40 delegates were
HboB1XeDXqE-00008-00003442-00003661 representatives from the Independent
HboB1XeDXqE-00009-00003661-00003910 Labour Party Keir Hardie Ramsay
HboB1XeDXqE-00010-00003911-00004150 MacDonald Bruce glasier and William
HboB1XeDXqE-00011-00004151-00004450 Anderson British Socialist Party Fabian
HboB1XeDXqE-00012-00004451-00004765 Society Labour Party the Belgian Workers
HboB1XeDXqE-00013-00004766-00005061 Party Emil Vandervelde Camille Huysmans
HboB1XeDXqE-00014-00005062-00005353 and Unreal Afon tane the French section
HboB1XeDXqE-00015-00005354-00005547 of the workers international and the
HboB1XeDXqE-00016-00005548-00005821 general Confederation of labour Marcel
HboB1XeDXqE-00017-00005822-00006118 simbad Jean long wet Edouard valent
HboB1XeDXqE-00018-00006119-00006459 Albert Thomas audio.com Pere Morel lay
HboB1XeDXqE-00019-00006461-00006754 on giallo Mayer Heim and others from the
HboB1XeDXqE-00020-00006755-00007038 Russian Empire socialist revolutionary
HboB1XeDXqE-00021-00007039-00007366 party Rubin ovitch Victor Chernov Barbra
HboB1XeDXqE-00022-00007367-00007594 Central Committee of the Russian social
HboB1XeDXqE-00023-00007595-00007929 democratic Labour Party Maxime ledvina
HboB1XeDXqE-00024-00007930-00008158 organization committee of the Russian
HboB1XeDXqE-00025-00008159-00008410 social democratic Labour Party Ivan
HboB1XeDXqE-00026-00008411-00008854 muskie the ILP had tried to include the
HboB1XeDXqE-00027-00008855-00009088 German and Austrian parties but the
HboB1XeDXqE-00028-00009089-00009255 French said they would not this
HboB1XeDXqE-00029-00009256-00009516 conference was initiated by Vandervelde
HboB1XeDXqE-00030-00009517-00009883 and presided over by Keir Hardie both
HboB1XeDXqE-00031-00009884-00010132 Litvinov and mace key attempted to
HboB1XeDXqE-00032-00010133-00010341 attend the conference and transmit
HboB1XeDXqE-00033-00010342-00010693 declarations Litvinov was unable to
HboB1XeDXqE-00034-00010694-00010944 finish reading his at the conference but
HboB1XeDXqE-00035-00010945-00011173 he was subsequently able to have it
HboB1XeDXqE-00036-00011174-00011494 published in the March 1915 issue of the
HboB1XeDXqE-00037-00011495-00011719 Socialist standard of the Socialist
HboB1XeDXqE-00038-00011720-00011944 Party of Great Britain reports were made
HboB1XeDXqE-00039-00011945-00012210 by valent Vandervelde and one of the
HboB1XeDXqE-00040-00012211-00012490 social revolutionaries enthusiastically
HboB1XeDXqE-00041-00012491-00012760 supporting the war the British
HboB1XeDXqE-00042-00012761-00013005 apparently abstained from making a
HboB1XeDXqE-00043-00013006-00013315 report there was apparently much debate
HboB1XeDXqE-00044-00013316-00013504 in the drafting Commission in the
HboB1XeDXqE-00045-00013505-00013755 subsequent plenary session on the war
HboB1XeDXqE-00046-00013756-00013963 responsibilities of the Central Powers
HboB1XeDXqE-00047-00013963-00014250 and the position of Belgium and Serbia
HboB1XeDXqE-00048-00014251-00014560 the Belgian and French delegates are
HboB1XeDXqE-00049-00014561-00014821 reported as taking a harder line on this
HboB1XeDXqE-00050-00014822-00015150 point than their British comrades the
HboB1XeDXqE-00051-00015151-00015408 attitude of the Russians as difficult to
HboB1XeDXqE-00052-00015409-00015622 ascertain because of contradict
HboB1XeDXqE-00053-00015622-00015876 in primary sources
HboB1XeDXqE-00054-00015877-00016155 the resolution adopted by the conference
HboB1XeDXqE-00055-00016156-00016395 claimed that the war was the product of
HboB1XeDXqE-00056-00016396-00016671 the antagonisms produced by capitalist
HboB1XeDXqE-00057-00016672-00017396 society imperialism and colonial
HboB1XeDXqE-00058-00017397-00017673 given the invasion of Belgium and France
HboB1XeDXqE-00059-00017674-00017973 a victory in the war for Germany would
HboB1XeDXqE-00060-00017974-00018258 extinguish Liberty national independence
HboB1XeDXqE-00061-00018259-00018461 and faith in treaties
HboB1XeDXqE-00062-00018462-00018729 therefore the workers of the Allied
HboB1XeDXqE-00063-00018730-00018960 countries are fighting a defensive war
HboB1XeDXqE-00064-00018961-00019119 against the German and Austrian
HboB1XeDXqE-00065-00019120-00019386 government not against the German and
HboB1XeDXqE-00066-00019387-00019590 Austrian people and would resist
HboB1XeDXqE-00067-00019591-00019829 attempts to turn this into a war of
HboB1XeDXqE-00068-00019830-00020214 conquests the resolution specifically
HboB1XeDXqE-00069-00020215-00020436 demanded the restoration of Belgium
HboB1XeDXqE-00070-00020437-00020718 autonomy or independence for Poland and
HboB1XeDXqE-00071-00020719-00020943 the resolution of all the national
HboB1XeDXqE-00072-00020944-00021144 problems of Europe from alsace-lorraine
HboB1XeDXqE-00073-00021145-00021465 to the Balkans on the basis of national
HboB1XeDXqE-00074-00021466-00021813 self-determination after the war they
HboB1XeDXqE-00075-00021814-00022038 hoped from an end to secret diplomacy
HboB1XeDXqE-00076-00022039-00022454 the interest of armaments makers an
HboB1XeDXqE-00077-00022455-00022782 international compulsory arbitration the
HboB1XeDXqE-00078-00022783-00023040 victory of the Allied powers must be a
HboB1XeDXqE-00079-00023041-00023322 victory for popular Liberty for unity
HboB1XeDXqE-00080-00023323-00023604 for independence and autonomy of nations
HboB1XeDXqE-00081-00023605-00023856 in the peaceful Federation of the United
HboB1XeDXqE-00082-00023857-00024186 States of Europe and the world at the
HboB1XeDXqE-00083-00024187-00024390 end of the resolution the conference
HboB1XeDXqE-00084-00024391-00024576 condemned the repression against
HboB1XeDXqE-00085-00024577-00024749 socialist newspapers and
HboB1XeDXqE-00086-00024750-00024996 parliamentarians in Russia as well as
HboB1XeDXqE-00087-00024997-00025248 the National oppression of Finn's Jews
HboB1XeDXqE-00088-00025249-00025990 and Russian and German poles
HboB1XeDXqE-00089-00025991-00026848 topic Paris March 1917 canceled
HboB1XeDXqE-00090-00026849-00027133 the French Socialist Party called for
HboB1XeDXqE-00091-00027133-00027382 another meeting of the Anton socialists
HboB1XeDXqE-00092-00027383-00027858 on the 7th of August 1916 by a vote of
HboB1XeDXqE-00093-00027858-00028483 1937 to 2 997 not voting the purpose of
HboB1XeDXqE-00094-00028483-00028708 the conference was to focus opinion
HboB1XeDXqE-00095-00028708-00028980 against annexation and conquest for the
HboB1XeDXqE-00096-00028981-00029110 establishment of international
HboB1XeDXqE-00097-00029111-00029386 agreements for the maintenance of peace
HboB1XeDXqE-00098-00029387-00029632 after the war and for an economic policy
HboB1XeDXqE-00099-00029633-00029937 that would not be based on exploitation
HboB1XeDXqE-00100-00029938-00030277 or contain the germs of a new war the
HboB1XeDXqE-00101-00030277-00030562 proposal was endorsed by the Executive
HboB1XeDXqE-00102-00030563-00030795 Committee of the international socialist
HboB1XeDXqE-00103-00030797-00031027 Bureau and votes were to be allotted
HboB1XeDXqE-00104-00031027-00031267 according to the second internationals
HboB1XeDXqE-00105-00031268-00031636 formula the proposed conference was set
HboB1XeDXqE-00106-00031637-00032089 to meet in Paris in March 1917 the
HboB1XeDXqE-00107-00032089-00032340 organizers of the conference began to
HboB1XeDXqE-00108-00032341-00032565 have second thoughts though when they
HboB1XeDXqE-00109-00032566-00032799 saw that anti-war socialists might
HboB1XeDXqE-00110-00032800-00033090 predominate at the conference they
HboB1XeDXqE-00111-00033091-00033301 decided to give one of the British
HboB1XeDXqE-00112-00033302-00033580 socialist parties four votes to Henri
HboB1XeDXqE-00113-00033581-00033823 Hinman's National Socialist Party and
HboB1XeDXqE-00114-00033824-00034083 one of the Italian socialist parties
HboB1XeDXqE-00115-00034084-00034486 votes to Benito Mussolini's fashion the
HboB1XeDXqE-00116-00034487-00034792 Italian party then withdrew its decision
HboB1XeDXqE-00117-00034793-00034995 to participate and called on the
HboB1XeDXqE-00118-00034996-00035236 international socialist Commission to
HboB1XeDXqE-00119-00035237-00035418 give its opinion of the purposed
HboB1XeDXqE-00120-00035419-00035806 conference the ISC was for abstaining
HboB1XeDXqE-00121-00035807-00036058 but felt it would be useful to call a
HboB1XeDXqE-00122-00036059-00036318 conference of Anton Zimmer Wallis in
HboB1XeDXqE-00123-00036319-00036604 order to outline a common policy toward
HboB1XeDXqE-00124-00036605-00037002 the Paris conference however only exiled
HboB1XeDXqE-00125-00037003-00037261 groups in Switzerland the Bolsheviks
HboB1XeDXqE-00126-00037262-00037539 Mensheviks socialist revolutionaries
HboB1XeDXqE-00127-00037540-00037849 Polish Socialist Party left general
HboB1XeDXqE-00128-00037850-00038080 Jewish labour bond and the group around
HboB1XeDXqE-00129-00038081-00038370 by over air were able to attend and they
HboB1XeDXqE-00130-00038371-00038626 had already declared their opposition to
HboB1XeDXqE-00131-00038627-00038911 the conference the meeting of Zimmer
HboB1XeDXqE-00132-00038912-00039168 Wallace adopted a non-binding resolution
HboB1XeDXqE-00133-00039169-00039460 recommending abstinence from the Paris
HboB1XeDXqE-00134-00039461-00039912 conference the ILP and BSP were still
HboB1XeDXqE-00135-00039913-00040114 willing but when the British Labour
HboB1XeDXqE-00136-00040115-00040212 Party D
HboB1XeDXqE-00137-00040213-00040473 sited to withdraw a few days before the
HboB1XeDXqE-00138-00040474-00040726 conference was to open the meeting was
HboB1XeDXqE-00139-00040727-00041325 cancelled
HboB1XeDXqE-00140-00041326-00042110 topic London August 1917
HboB1XeDXqE-00141-00042111-00042398 the second London conference of Anton
HboB1XeDXqE-00142-00042399-00042629 socialists was called by the British
HboB1XeDXqE-00143-00042630-00043015 Labour Party in May 1917 in response to
HboB1XeDXqE-00144-00043016-00043270 calls began for the convocation of a
HboB1XeDXqE-00145-00043271-00043585 general socialist Congress at Stockholm
HboB1XeDXqE-00146-00043586-00043898 after the Council of Soviets had joined
HboB1XeDXqE-00147-00043899-00044099 the call for the purposed Stockholm
HboB1XeDXqE-00148-00044100-00044320 conference and made a tour of Allied
HboB1XeDXqE-00149-00044321-00044593 capitals to make the case the necessity
HboB1XeDXqE-00150-00044594-00044836 of convening an inter allied socialist
HboB1XeDXqE-00151-00044837-00045086 conference before the Stockholm one was
HboB1XeDXqE-00152-00045087-00045320 seated became more imperative and the
HboB1XeDXqE-00153-00045321-00045533 final date was set at a meeting of
HboB1XeDXqE-00154-00045534-00045770 representatives of the French Socialist
HboB1XeDXqE-00155-00045771-00046015 Party the British Labour Party and the
HboB1XeDXqE-00156-00046016-00046336 Soviets at a meeting in Paris on 22 30
HboB1XeDXqE-00157-00046337-00046636 July the second inter-allied socialist
HboB1XeDXqE-00158-00046637-00046979 conference took place in London 28 to 29
HboB1XeDXqE-00159-00046980-00047464 August 1917 Britain was represented by
HboB1XeDXqE-00160-00047465-00047830 41 delegates France by 12 Russia and
HboB1XeDXqE-00161-00047831-00048145 Italy for apiece Belgium and Portugal to
HboB1XeDXqE-00162-00048146-00048415 apiece and Greece and South Africa by
HboB1XeDXqE-00163-00048416-00048751 one each votes were allotted according
HboB1XeDXqE-00164-00048752-00048980 to the second internationals precedent
HboB1XeDXqE-00165-00048981-00049258 France Great Britain and Russia each had
HboB1XeDXqE-00166-00049259-00049643 20 votes Belgium 12 Italy 10 Portugal to
HboB1XeDXqE-00167-00049644-00049918 Greece and South Africa 1 each
HboB1XeDXqE-00168-00049919-00050245 no full membership list seems to be
HboB1XeDXqE-00169-00050246-00050423 available but some of the known
HboB1XeDXqE-00170-00050424-00050662 delegates included a meal Vandervelde
HboB1XeDXqE-00171-00050663-00050842 and luis de Brooker ii of belgium
HboB1XeDXqE-00172-00050843-00051133 felicia scratcher for greece pierre
HboB1XeDXqE-00173-00051134-00051200 Renato
HboB1XeDXqE-00174-00051201-00051488 Albert Thomas Edgard milhaud Poisson
HboB1XeDXqE-00175-00051489-00051783 bracket L Dubrow and Arthur Henderson
HboB1XeDXqE-00176-00051784-00052114 Ramsay MacDonald Henry Hinman Sidney
HboB1XeDXqE-00177-00052115-00052396 Webb Hunter Watts Frederick Gorrell J
HboB1XeDXqE-00178-00052397-00052669 Jones and Bernard Shaw two commissions
HboB1XeDXqE-00179-00052670-00052894 were elected at the conference one on
HboB1XeDXqE-00180-00052895-00053123 the purpos'd Stockholm Congress the
HboB1XeDXqE-00181-00053124-00053476 other allied war aims the Commission's
HboB1XeDXqE-00182-00053477-00053729 met early the next day and presented
HboB1XeDXqE-00183-00053729-00053929 their reports to the conference that
HboB1XeDXqE-00184-00053930-00054100 afternoon
HboB1XeDXqE-00185-00054101-00054328 the Commission on Stockholm could not
HboB1XeDXqE-00186-00054329-00054579 come to a unanimous decision but the
HboB1XeDXqE-00187-00054580-00054865 majority report has presented by Ramsay
HboB1XeDXqE-00188-00054866-00055096 MacDonald which welcomed the convening
HboB1XeDXqE-00189-00055097-00055279 of the Stockholm conference and
HboB1XeDXqE-00190-00055279-00055504 particularly supported the seating of
HboB1XeDXqE-00191-00055504-00055900 minorities on a motion by Bernard Shaw
HboB1XeDXqE-00192-00055901-00056112 this was amended to include a
HboB1XeDXqE-00193-00056113-00056386 condemnation of the refusal of passports
HboB1XeDXqE-00194-00056387-00056671 by the allied governments this
HboB1XeDXqE-00195-00056672-00056976 resolution as amended passed forty eight
HboB1XeDXqE-00196-00056977-00057211 to thirteen with the Belgian South
HboB1XeDXqE-00197-00057212-00057438 African and Greek delegates voting
HboB1XeDXqE-00198-00057439-00057625 against and the British Trades Union
HboB1XeDXqE-00199-00057626-00057855 Congress and the majority French
HboB1XeDXqE-00200-00057857-00058119 socialists not voting the report of the
HboB1XeDXqE-00201-00058120-00058354 Commission on war aims presented by
HboB1XeDXqE-00202-00058354-00058591 Sidney Webb simply stated that no
HboB1XeDXqE-00203-00058591-00058794 unanimity could be reached as the
HboB1XeDXqE-00204-00058795-00059013 Commission was presented with six or
HboB1XeDXqE-00205-00059014-00059291 seven different statements on war aims a
HboB1XeDXqE-00206-00059292-00059554 franco-belgian statement a Russian
HboB1XeDXqE-00207-00059554-00059803 statement a Portuguese statement one
HboB1XeDXqE-00208-00059804-00060022 from the British Socialist Party a
HboB1XeDXqE-00209-00060023-00060219 Labour Party statement with an
HboB1XeDXqE-00210-00060220-00060507 additional memorandum by the ILP and
HboB1XeDXqE-00211-00060508-00060801 statements of the Italians the
HboB1XeDXqE-00212-00060802-00060963 Commission recommended that the
HboB1XeDXqE-00213-00060964-00061198 conference appoint a Standing Committee
HboB1XeDXqE-00214-00061199-00061474 of Allied socialist parties with a view
HboB1XeDXqE-00215-00061475-00061800 to arranging another conference this
HboB1XeDXqE-00216-00061801-00062050 decision was narrowly approved by the
HboB1XeDXqE-00217-00062051-00062278 majority of the conference with each
HboB1XeDXqE-00218-00062279-00062466 country being allowed two
HboB1XeDXqE-00219-00062466-00062773 representatives the second Commission
HboB1XeDXqE-00220-00062774-00063010 also suggested sending either a
HboB1XeDXqE-00221-00063011-00063262 deputation or a letter to President
HboB1XeDXqE-00222-00063263-00063511 Woodrow Wilson but this was withdrawn
HboB1XeDXqE-00223-00063512-00063882 after strong opposition there was also a
HboB1XeDXqE-00224-00063883-00064125 suggestion that the Congress be allowed
HboB1XeDXqE-00225-00064126-00064356 to continue a third day but the
HboB1XeDXqE-00226-00064357-00064573 conference divided equally on the
HboB1XeDXqE-00227-00064574-00064917 proposal 21 to 21 and the chair ruled
HboB1XeDXqE-00228-00064919-00065631 the proposal not carried
HboB1XeDXqE-00229-00065632-00066424 topic London February 1918
HboB1XeDXqE-00230-00066425-00066710 discussion among the Anton socialist
HboB1XeDXqE-00231-00066711-00066974 parties on war aims continued through
HboB1XeDXqE-00232-00066975-00067442 February 1918 the issue was tackled in
HboB1XeDXqE-00233-00067443-00067700 party conferences memorandums and
HboB1XeDXqE-00234-00067701-00068105 informal talks on the 20th of September
HboB1XeDXqE-00235-00068106-00068333 the Blackpool Congress of the British
HboB1XeDXqE-00236-00068334-00068621 tea you see passed a resolution stating
HboB1XeDXqE-00237-00068622-00068849 that the Stockholm conference would not
HboB1XeDXqE-00238-00068850-00069128 be successful at this time but called on
HboB1XeDXqE-00239-00069129-00069326 their parliamentary committee to take
HboB1XeDXqE-00240-00069327-00069614 steps for an agreement on war aims among
HboB1XeDXqE-00241-00069615-00069821 the Allied workers and that an eventual
HboB1XeDXqE-00242-00069822-00070085 General Congress should be called on the
HboB1XeDXqE-00243-00070086-00070393 basis of the agreed war aims a
HboB1XeDXqE-00244-00070394-00070610 subcommittee of the parliamentary
HboB1XeDXqE-00245-00070611-00070808 committee and the Labour Party executive
HboB1XeDXqE-00246-00070809-00071108 met and worked out a memorandum of war
HboB1XeDXqE-00247-00071109-00071366 aims which was ratified at a meeting of
HboB1XeDXqE-00248-00071367-00071699 societies affiliated with the TU C and
HboB1XeDXqE-00249-00071700-00071969 Labour Party in London on the 28th of
HboB1XeDXqE-00250-00071970-00072296 December 1917 and presented to Prime
HboB1XeDXqE-00251-00072297-00072665 Minister David Lloyd George war aims
HboB1XeDXqE-00252-00072666-00072884 statements then made by the Prime
HboB1XeDXqE-00253-00072885-00073109 Minister and President Wilson were
HboB1XeDXqE-00254-00073110-00073427 approved as far as they agreed with the
HboB1XeDXqE-00255-00073428-00073769 memorandum by the Nottingham Conference
HboB1XeDXqE-00256-00073770-00074012 of the Labour Party on the 23rd of
HboB1XeDXqE-00257-00074013-00074336 January 1918 which also urged the
HboB1XeDXqE-00258-00074337-00074510 convening of another inter-allied
HboB1XeDXqE-00259-00074511-00074753 conference and an eventual General
HboB1XeDXqE-00260-00074754-00074975 Conference to assemble in a neutral
HboB1XeDXqE-00261-00074976-00075215 country preferably Switzerland the
HboB1XeDXqE-00262-00075216-00075452 French meanwhile correspondent with
HboB1XeDXqE-00263-00075453-00075671 Henderson on the question of future
HboB1XeDXqE-00264-00075672-00075908 conferences and based their peace term
HboB1XeDXqE-00265-00075909-00076172 on the answers to the Dutch Scandinavian
HboB1XeDXqE-00266-00076173-00076400 questionnaire and the declaration of the
HboB1XeDXqE-00267-00076401-00076727 first inter-allied conference at the
HboB1XeDXqE-00268-00076728-00076945 Nottingham conference Paul Renauld
HboB1XeDXqE-00269-00076946-00077168 informally agreed that the draft
HboB1XeDXqE-00270-00077169-00077384 memorandum on peace terms would be
HboB1XeDXqE-00271-00077385-00077624 submitted to the National Council of the
HboB1XeDXqE-00272-00077625-00077966 French party and CGT on the 17th of
HboB1XeDXqE-00273-00077967-00078236 February and that continuous talks on
HboB1XeDXqE-00274-00078237-00078455 the details of the memorandum should
HboB1XeDXqE-00275-00078456-00078812 continue in Paris he also stated that
HboB1XeDXqE-00276-00078813-00079031 the Belgian party would be able to
HboB1XeDXqE-00277-00079032-00079220 adhere to the main lines of the
HboB1XeDXqE-00278-00079221-00079439 memorandum and every effort should be
HboB1XeDXqE-00279-00079440-00079670 used to secure the concurrence of other
HboB1XeDXqE-00280-00079671-00079796 Allied labour
HboB1XeDXqE-00281-00079797-00080032 oops the conference met in London from
HboB1XeDXqE-00282-00080033-00080524 20 to the 24th of February 1918 the
HboB1XeDXqE-00283-00080525-00080740 organization's represented at the
HboB1XeDXqE-00284-00080741-00080971 conference included the British Labour
HboB1XeDXqE-00285-00080972-00081232 Party and Trade Union Congress the
HboB1XeDXqE-00286-00081233-00081442 Belgian Workers Party the French
HboB1XeDXqE-00287-00081443-00081746 Socialist Party SFI oh and general
HboB1XeDXqE-00288-00081747-00082036 Confederation of labour Italian Reform
HboB1XeDXqE-00289-00082037-00082315 Socialist Party and Italian Socialist
HboB1XeDXqE-00290-00082316-00082633 Party consultative delegates were
HboB1XeDXqE-00291-00082634-00082915 present from South Africa Romania and
HboB1XeDXqE-00292-00082916-00083407 the South Slav organizations messages of
HboB1XeDXqE-00293-00083408-00083647 support came in from groups in New
HboB1XeDXqE-00294-00083648-00083983 Zealand Portugal Romania South Africa
HboB1XeDXqE-00295-00083984-00084205 and the Russian social revolutionary
HboB1XeDXqE-00296-00084206-00084516 party Camille Huysmans read a
HboB1XeDXqE-00297-00084517-00084724 communication from delegates of the
HboB1XeDXqE-00298-00084725-00084958 Menshevik and social revolutionary
HboB1XeDXqE-00299-00084959-00085153 parties stating that they had been
HboB1XeDXqE-00300-00085154-00085402 refused passports by the Bolshevik
HboB1XeDXqE-00301-00085403-00085642 government the conference was opened by
HboB1XeDXqE-00302-00085643-00085999 JW Ogden of the TU C parliamentary
HboB1XeDXqE-00303-00086000-00086350 committee at the opening session Albert
HboB1XeDXqE-00304-00086351-00086584 Thomas announced that the French party
HboB1XeDXqE-00305-00086585-00086902 and CGT had endorsed the British draft
HboB1XeDXqE-00306-00086903-00087238 memorandum almost unanimously
HboB1XeDXqE-00307-00087239-00087481 capita on behalf of the Italian
HboB1XeDXqE-00308-00087482-00087709 reformists stated that he had held
HboB1XeDXqE-00309-00087710-00087979 informal talks with the Yugoslavs Ella
HboB1XeDXqE-00310-00087980-00088201 Gatien and they had come to an agreement
HboB1XeDXqE-00311-00088202-00088390 over amendments to the memorandum
HboB1XeDXqE-00312-00088391-00088702 affecting their frontières the
HboB1XeDXqE-00313-00088703-00088945 conference formed five Commission's on a
HboB1XeDXqE-00314-00088946-00089215 League of Nations renato chairman
HboB1XeDXqE-00315-00089216-00089572 macdonald secretary territories Sidney
HboB1XeDXqE-00316-00089573-00089782 Webb jean long wet ditto
HboB1XeDXqE-00317-00089783-00090145 publicity and drafting Thomas G H Stuart
HboB1XeDXqE-00318-00090146-00090382 Bunning ditto the international
HboB1XeDXqE-00319-00090383-00090640 conference Henderson debreu curry and
HboB1XeDXqE-00320-00090641-00091045 economic conditions JH Thomas the
HboB1XeDXqE-00321-00091046-00091324 conference adopted a detailed memorandum
HboB1XeDXqE-00322-00091325-00091672 on war aims after endorsing and quoting
HboB1XeDXqE-00323-00091673-00091885 in full the resolution of the first
HboB1XeDXqE-00324-00091886-00092152 inter-allied socialist conference the
HboB1XeDXqE-00325-00092153-00092500 memorandum planned post-war from a super
HboB1XeDXqE-00326-00092501-00092803 national authority in the form of a
HboB1XeDXqE-00327-00092804-00093004 League of Nations which would have the
HboB1XeDXqE-00328-00093005-00093262 power to enforce the decisions of a
HboB1XeDXqE-00329-00093263-00093490 World Court regarding international
HboB1XeDXqE-00330-00093491-00093724 disputes and conduct elections for the
HboB1XeDXqE-00331-00093725-00094017 purpose of national self-determination
HboB1XeDXqE-00332-00094018-00094318 there would also be an international
HboB1XeDXqE-00333-00094319-00094606 legislature in which each civilized
HboB1XeDXqE-00334-00094607-00094869 state would have their allotted share
HboB1XeDXqE-00335-00094870-00095149 that would pass binding international
HboB1XeDXqE-00336-00095150-00095446 law this implied a complete
HboB1XeDXqE-00337-00095447-00095716 democratization of all existing states
HboB1XeDXqE-00338-00095717-00096102 including removal of arbitrary powers
HboB1XeDXqE-00339-00096103-00096406 elected parliament publication of all
HboB1XeDXqE-00340-00096407-00096658 treaties abolition of secret diplomacy
HboB1XeDXqE-00341-00096659-00096910 and the responsibilities of foreign
HboB1XeDXqE-00342-00096911-00097282 policy to the legislature other elements
HboB1XeDXqE-00343-00097283-00097510 included the abolition of compulsory
HboB1XeDXqE-00344-00097511-00097725 military service in all countries
HboB1XeDXqE-00345-00097726-00097930 concerted disarmament and the
HboB1XeDXqE-00346-00097931-00098203 nationalization of defence industries a
HboB1XeDXqE-00347-00098204-00098488 long list of specific territorial goals
HboB1XeDXqE-00348-00098489-00098722 was also drawn up including the
HboB1XeDXqE-00349-00098723-00098980 restoration of Belgium the settlement of
HboB1XeDXqE-00350-00098981-00099202 the question of alsace-lorraine by
HboB1XeDXqE-00351-00099203-00099463 popular vote a Balkan federation
HboB1XeDXqE-00352-00099464-00099664 settlement of the differences between
HboB1XeDXqE-00353-00099665-00099988 Italy on the basis of mutual respect and
HboB1XeDXqE-00354-00099989-00100243 popular sovereignty and restoration of
HboB1XeDXqE-00355-00100244-00100594 Poland Palestine was to be put on
HboB1XeDXqE-00356-00100595-00100876 temporary international control and open
HboB1XeDXqE-00357-00100877-00101140 to Jewish immigration the other former
HboB1XeDXqE-00358-00101141-00101458 Turkish territory in Africa north of the
HboB1XeDXqE-00359-00101459-00101809 Zambezi and south of the Sahara were
HboB1XeDXqE-00360-00101810-00102007 likewise too by International
HboB1XeDXqE-00361-00102008-00102229 Protectorate until their populations
HboB1XeDXqE-00362-00102230-00102444 were ready for self-government and the
HboB1XeDXqE-00363-00102445-00102679 Dardanelles made a neutral zone
HboB1XeDXqE-00364-00102680-00102931 the memorandum finally called for a halt
HboB1XeDXqE-00365-00102932-00103185 to economic warfare and protectionism
HboB1XeDXqE-00366-00103186-00103441 while also recognizing the right of
HboB1XeDXqE-00367-00103442-00103683 countries to create their own trade laws
HboB1XeDXqE-00368-00103684-00103972 international action to prevent famine
HboB1XeDXqE-00369-00103973-00104227 and other dislocations caused by the end
HboB1XeDXqE-00370-00104228-00104493 of the war restitution for victims of
HboB1XeDXqE-00371-00104494-00104863 the war and punishment of war crimes the
HboB1XeDXqE-00372-00104864-00105142 final portion of the memorandum included
HboB1XeDXqE-00373-00105143-00105394 a call for a new General Conference of
HboB1XeDXqE-00374-00105395-00105619 labor and socialist parties of all
HboB1XeDXqE-00375-00105620-00105858 countries to be held concurrently with
HboB1XeDXqE-00376-00105859-00106033 the Peace Conference and for the
HboB1XeDXqE-00377-00106033-00106252 representation of labor at the peace
HboB1XeDXqE-00378-00106253-00106867 conference
HboB1XeDXqE-00379-00106868-00107648 topic London September 1918
HboB1XeDXqE-00380-00107649-00108010 the final conference met in London 17 to
HboB1XeDXqE-00381-00108011-00108449 19 September 1918 the credentials
HboB1XeDXqE-00382-00108450-00108842 committee received 86 credentials 74 of
HboB1XeDXqE-00383-00108843-00109102 which were accepted as full delegates
HboB1XeDXqE-00384-00109103-00109418 the conference was pointedly billed as a
HboB1XeDXqE-00385-00109419-00109765 socialist and labor conference allowing
HboB1XeDXqE-00386-00109766-00110075 pure and simple trades unions like the
HboB1XeDXqE-00387-00110076-00110549 AFL and TLC to take part delegates came
HboB1XeDXqE-00388-00110550-00110795 from a variety of countries some of
HboB1XeDXqE-00389-00110796-00111023 which had not been represented at
HboB1XeDXqE-00390-00111024-00111446 wartime socialist conferences yet Serbia
HboB1XeDXqE-00391-00111447-00111749 was represented by duce on a Popovic of
HboB1XeDXqE-00392-00111750-00111992 the Serbian Social Democratic Party
HboB1XeDXqE-00393-00111993-00112210 Greece by Petro diss of the general
HboB1XeDXqE-00394-00112211-00112469 Labor Federation of the Piraeus from the
HboB1XeDXqE-00395-00112470-00112733 United States representing the American
HboB1XeDXqE-00396-00112733-00112991 Federation of Labor were Samuel Gompers
HboB1XeDXqE-00397-00112992-00113342 John P Frei William Bowen Edgar Wallace
HboB1XeDXqE-00398-00113343-00113615 and Charles Bain the trades and labor
HboB1XeDXqE-00399-00113616-00113860 Congress of Canada sent a single
HboB1XeDXqE-00400-00113861-00114143 delegate Romania and Transylvania were
HboB1XeDXqE-00401-00114144-00114430 represented by a National Committee
HboB1XeDXqE-00402-00114431-00114725 which appointed two delegates whom the
HboB1XeDXqE-00403-00114726-00114961 credentials committee gave consultative
HboB1XeDXqE-00404-00114963-00115229 status the Italians were represented by
HboB1XeDXqE-00405-00115230-00115499 three delegates from the socialist Union
HboB1XeDXqE-00406-00115500-00115748 one from Italian union of labour and
HboB1XeDXqE-00407-00115749-00116104 five from the Democrat associate ear
HboB1XeDXqE-00408-00116105-00116363 identified Italian socialists in
HboB1XeDXqE-00409-00116364-00116576 Austrian Tyrol who were given
HboB1XeDXqE-00410-00116577-00116831 consultative status Great Britain had
HboB1XeDXqE-00411-00116832-00117089 the largest delegations with 24
HboB1XeDXqE-00412-00117090-00117347 delegates from the Labour Party and 18
HboB1XeDXqE-00413-00117348-00117617 from the Trade Union Congress including
HboB1XeDXqE-00414-00117618-00117886 Ramsay MacDonald Sidney Webb Arthur
HboB1XeDXqE-00415-00117888-00118148 Henderson France supplied six each from
HboB1XeDXqE-00416-00118149-00118499 the SFI oh and the CGT there were six
HboB1XeDXqE-00417-00118500-00118733 representatives of the Belgian Workers
HboB1XeDXqE-00418-00118733-00118984 Party and two from the Union of Belgian
HboB1XeDXqE-00419-00118985-00119209 workers in France which included
HboB1XeDXqE-00420-00119210-00119491 Huysmans debreu carry and Vandervelde
HboB1XeDXqE-00421-00119492-00119840 the status of the Russian delegation was
HboB1XeDXqE-00422-00119841-00120092 the subject of some dispute on the first
HboB1XeDXqE-00423-00120093-00120431 day of the conference some believed that
HboB1XeDXqE-00424-00120432-00120674 those delegates should they arrive not
HboB1XeDXqE-00425-00120675-00120908 be seated because Russia had left the
HboB1XeDXqE-00426-00120908-00121009 Allies while
HboB1XeDXqE-00427-00121010-00121241 others believed that no Russian party
HboB1XeDXqE-00428-00121242-00121441 should be seated because knowledge of
HboB1XeDXqE-00429-00121442-00121775 conditions there was so unreliable in
HboB1XeDXqE-00430-00121776-00122045 any case the Soviet authorities would
HboB1XeDXqE-00431-00122046-00122240 not let the representatives of the
HboB1XeDXqE-00432-00122241-00122483 Mensheviks or social revolutionaries
HboB1XeDXqE-00433-00122483-00122665 attend the conference but to
HboB1XeDXqE-00434-00122666-00122924 communications were received one from
HboB1XeDXqE-00435-00122925-00123164 Rubin ovitch the other from Axelrod
HboB1XeDXqE-00436-00123165-00123532 Gavron ski rossanov and suka lien
HboB1XeDXqE-00437-00123533-00123896 alexander kerensky was seated as a guest
HboB1XeDXqE-00438-00123897-00124247 the first day was taken up with electing
HboB1XeDXqE-00439-00124248-00124523 commissions first were the credential
HboB1XeDXqE-00440-00124524-00124718 and procedures commissions which
HboB1XeDXqE-00441-00124719-00124954 reported that day and then commissions
HboB1XeDXqE-00442-00124955-00125249 on war aims International Relations and
HboB1XeDXqE-00443-00125250-00125468 for drafting a final statement were
HboB1XeDXqE-00444-00125469-00125798 elected there was some debate over what
HboB1XeDXqE-00445-00125799-00126061 method of voting would be used long wet
HboB1XeDXqE-00446-00126063-00126263 objecting to the use of the allotment
HboB1XeDXqE-00447-00126264-00126559 used in socialist congresses because of
HboB1XeDXqE-00448-00126560-00126794 the absence of the American Socialist
HboB1XeDXqE-00449-00126795-00127052 Party as well as the official Italian
HboB1XeDXqE-00450-00127053-00127365 party and CGT but the issue was not
HboB1XeDXqE-00451-00127366-00127735 resolved the second day was taken up
HboB1XeDXqE-00452-00127736-00127982 largely with the presentation of British
HboB1XeDXqE-00453-00127983-00128273 and American draft war aims proposals
HboB1XeDXqE-00454-00128274-00128507 and introduction of resolutions to be
HboB1XeDXqE-00455-00128508-00128738 sent to the various Commission's the
HboB1XeDXqE-00456-00128739-00128965 third meeting received the reports of
HboB1XeDXqE-00457-00128966-00129149 the Commission on international
HboB1XeDXqE-00458-00129150-00129521 relations a report on the piece note was
HboB1XeDXqE-00459-00129522-00129759 adopted unanimously albeit after
HboB1XeDXqE-00460-00129760-00129998 reservations were made by several
HboB1XeDXqE-00461-00129999-00130366 delegates the report on the situation in
HboB1XeDXqE-00462-00130367-00130643 Russia was more controversial two
HboB1XeDXqE-00463-00130644-00130891 reports came out of the Commission both
HboB1XeDXqE-00464-00130892-00131075 of which condemned the Treaty of
HboB1XeDXqE-00465-00131076-00131341 brest-litovsk and asked the post-war
HboB1XeDXqE-00466-00131342-00131672 peace conference to secure the complete
HboB1XeDXqE-00467-00131673-00131975 freedom of the Russian people however
HboB1XeDXqE-00468-00131976-00132265 the majority report condemned the Allied
HboB1XeDXqE-00469-00132266-00132478 intervention while the minority
HboB1XeDXqE-00470-00132479-00132818 supported it the minority report was
HboB1XeDXqE-00471-00132819-00133064 signed by two Americans Blaine and
HboB1XeDXqE-00472-00133065-00133322 Wallace while the majority was signed by
HboB1XeDXqE-00473-00133323-00133664 Henderson Hill Huysmans Vandervelde long
HboB1XeDXqE-00474-00133665-00133769 wet Renato
HboB1XeDXqE-00475-00133770-00134147 raw Sony Rossetti and Popovich
HboB1XeDXqE-00476-00134148-00134345 debate on this rage through the
HboB1XeDXqE-00477-00134346-00134573 afternoon session of the 19th of
HboB1XeDXqE-00478-00134574-00134819 September and included a speech by
HboB1XeDXqE-00479-00134820-00135083 Kerensky in which he pleaded for Western
HboB1XeDXqE-00480-00135084-00135337 socialists to support the anti-bolshevik
HboB1XeDXqE-00481-00135338-00135703 government in Russia it was finally
HboB1XeDXqE-00482-00135704-00135935 decided to send the matter back to the
HboB1XeDXqE-00483-00135936-00136238 committee on the final day of the
HboB1XeDXqE-00484-00136239-00136493 conference a compromise resolution was
HboB1XeDXqE-00485-00136494-00136709 turned in repeating the first two
HboB1XeDXqE-00486-00136710-00136949 paragraphs of both resolutions and
HboB1XeDXqE-00487-00136950-00137165 adding a new third paragraph which
HboB1XeDXqE-00488-00137166-00137341 stated that the Allied intervention
HboB1XeDXqE-00489-00137342-00137600 should be carried out in conformity with
HboB1XeDXqE-00490-00137601-00137870 article 6 of the fourteen points and
HboB1XeDXqE-00491-00137871-00138071 should have as its object only the
HboB1XeDXqE-00492-00138072-00138332 restoration of peace and democracy to
HboB1XeDXqE-00493-00138333-00138695 Russia this compromise resolution passed
HboB1XeDXqE-00494-00138696-00139187 25 to 20 on a show of hands Popovich and
HboB1XeDXqE-00495-00139188-00139427 long Wed attempted to deliver statement
HboB1XeDXqE-00496-00139428-00139595 on their opposition to the resolution
HboB1XeDXqE-00497-00139596-00140021 but were overruled this led to great
HboB1XeDXqE-00498-00140022-00140240 consternation on the part of the French
HboB1XeDXqE-00499-00140241-00140503 delegates who then demanded that voting
HboB1XeDXqE-00500-00140504-00140747 be on the basis of former socialist
HboB1XeDXqE-00501-00140748-00141044 conferences with the u.s. awarded 20
HboB1XeDXqE-00502-00141045-00141359 votes it was decided that if any
HboB1XeDXqE-00503-00141360-00141635 delegate objected to a vote by a show of
HboB1XeDXqE-00504-00141636-00141863 hands they would use the former system
HboB1XeDXqE-00505-00141864-00142153 the Commission on war a m-- adopted a
HboB1XeDXqE-00506-00142154-00142385 statement that combined elements of the
HboB1XeDXqE-00507-00142386-00142628 British and American proposals and the
HboB1XeDXqE-00508-00142629-00142982 fourteen points there was opposition to
HboB1XeDXqE-00509-00142983-00143252 this report by Popovich and Kneeshaw who
HboB1XeDXqE-00510-00143253-00143510 did not regard the war necessarily as
HboB1XeDXqE-00511-00143511-00143765 one between freedom and despotism and
HboB1XeDXqE-00512-00143766-00143984 two amendments were offered to change
HboB1XeDXqE-00513-00143985-00144233 the wording over the circumstances in
HboB1XeDXqE-00514-00144234-00144449 which they would meet representatives of
HboB1XeDXqE-00515-00144450-00144770 the German SPD both of which were voted
HboB1XeDXqE-00516-00144771-00145136 down on the final vote of the war Ames
HboB1XeDXqE-00517-00145137-00145508 statement was then held
Hb_Pbs35RIE-00000-00000003-00000214 hello in this video I'm going to talk
Hb_Pbs35RIE-00001-00000215-00000473 about the regio selectivity of a box I'd
Hb_Pbs35RIE-00002-00000474-00000794 ring opening in my previous videos I
Hb_Pbs35RIE-00003-00000795-00001025 only used very simple epoxy to introduce
Hb_Pbs35RIE-00004-00001026-00001195 the the reactions that have great up
Hb_Pbs35RIE-00005-00001196-00001406 oxides can undergo in this video I'm
Hb_Pbs35RIE-00006-00001407-00001532 going to talk about epoxy is where
Hb_Pbs35RIE-00007-00001533-00001709 there's different substitutions at each
Hb_Pbs35RIE-00008-00001710-00001852 of the two carbons in the epoxy
Hb_Pbs35RIE-00009-00001853-00002174 functional group and this leads to as
Hb_Pbs35RIE-00010-00002175-00002596 you might expect a question of
Hb_Pbs35RIE-00011-00002597-00002723 regioselectivity
Hb_Pbs35RIE-00012-00002724-00003158 so in our case and I'm going to use I'm
Hb_Pbs35RIE-00013-00003159-00003320 going to use reaction with methoxide in
Hb_Pbs35RIE-00014-00003321-00003715 methanol as my prototypical strong base
Hb_Pbs35RIE-00015-00003717-00004004 strong nucleophile reaction and I want
Hb_Pbs35RIE-00016-00004004-00004193 to use the corresponding acidic versions
Hb_Pbs35RIE-00017-00004194-00004397 of the were making similar products all
Hb_Pbs35RIE-00018-00004398-00004795 the way through but all of the strong
Hb_Pbs35RIE-00019-00004796-00004985 base strong nucleophile versions are
Hb_Pbs35RIE-00020-00004986-00005243 going to behave just like this reaction
Hb_Pbs35RIE-00021-00005244-00005438 and have similar regioselectivity and
Hb_Pbs35RIE-00022-00005439-00005591 when I switch over to the acidic version
Hb_Pbs35RIE-00023-00005592-00005731 they're going to all the acidic versions
Hb_Pbs35RIE-00024-00005732-00005993 are going to match to the extent that
Hb_Pbs35RIE-00025-00005994-00006359 that is a thing so I can either have the
Hb_Pbs35RIE-00026-00006360-00007277 methoxide anion attack at one side of
Hb_Pbs35RIE-00027-00007278-00007463 the epoxy I could have an attack at the
Hb_Pbs35RIE-00028-00007464-00007655 other and that generates two different
Hb_Pbs35RIE-00029-00007656-00008294 regio isomeric products and then it
Hb_Pbs35RIE-00030-00008295-00008621 turns out because the mechanism of this
Hb_Pbs35RIE-00031-00008622-00010407 reaction is an sn2 mechanism
Hb_Pbs35RIE-00032-00010408-00010519 Tarek's
Hb_Pbs35RIE-00033-00010520-00011254 controls regio selectivity that means in
Hb_Pbs35RIE-00034-00011255-00011395 these types of reactions that our
Hb_Pbs35RIE-00035-00011396-00011623 nucleophile is going to preferentially
Hb_Pbs35RIE-00036-00011624-00011992 go after the less substituted position
Hb_Pbs35RIE-00037-00011993-00012906 over the more substituted position and
Hb_Pbs35RIE-00038-00012907-00013279 it turns out that in general they work
Hb_Pbs35RIE-00039-00013280-00013810 we're going to have primary react being
Hb_Pbs35RIE-00040-00013811-00014269 faster than secondary and acting faster
Hb_Pbs35RIE-00041-00014269-00014806 than tertiary which is a pattern that
Hb_Pbs35RIE-00042-00014807-00015226 should be which is something that you
Hb_Pbs35RIE-00043-00015227-00015787 should expect so if we have here's a
Hb_Pbs35RIE-00044-00015788-00016016 combination of primary and tertiary
Hb_Pbs35RIE-00045-00016018-00016900 again using our same nucleophile so I'm
Hb_Pbs35RIE-00046-00016901-00017167 talking about similar kinds of reactions
Hb_Pbs35RIE-00047-00017168-00017607 in every case the major product involves
Hb_Pbs35RIE-00048-00017608-00017821 nucleophilic attack at a less
Hb_Pbs35RIE-00049-00017822-00018331 substituted position so we attack here
Hb_Pbs35RIE-00050-00018332-00018931 and we attack that arrow does not look
Hb_Pbs35RIE-00051-00018932-00019605 like here let's do it here attack here
Hb_Pbs35RIE-00052-00019606-00020422 this is pretty straightforward okay
Hb_Pbs35RIE-00053-00020423-00020989 oh um in the acidic weak nucleophile
Hb_Pbs35RIE-00054-00020990-00021244 case I'm actually going to use the the
Hb_Pbs35RIE-00055-00021245-00021532 same epoxy I just did so compare
Hb_Pbs35RIE-00056-00021533-00021799 tertiary with methyl or tertiary with
Hb_Pbs35RIE-00057-00021800-00022180 primary and we have methanol in the
Hb_Pbs35RIE-00058-00022181-00022591 presence of some acid we have two
Hb_Pbs35RIE-00059-00022592-00023568 different products that we could form
Hb_Pbs35RIE-00060-00023569-00024315 and generally this one on the right is
Hb_Pbs35RIE-00061-00024316-00024622 probably the major product with the
Hb_Pbs35RIE-00062-00024623-00024802 nucleophile with the less substituted
Hb_Pbs35RIE-00063-00024803-00025486 position we use an argument when we talk
Hb_Pbs35RIE-00064-00025487-00025725 about oxymercuration Zand similar
Hb_Pbs35RIE-00065-00025726-00025956 reactions as to why those reactions
Hb_Pbs35RIE-00066-00025957-00026335 follow the markovnikov rule that even
Hb_Pbs35RIE-00067-00026336-00026577 though the carbo cation does not exist
Hb_Pbs35RIE-00068-00026579-00027195 this thing has a lot of carbo cation
Hb_Pbs35RIE-00069-00027197-00027901 like you know behavior to it so in fact
Hb_Pbs35RIE-00070-00027902-00028162 the true structure of this protonated
Hb_Pbs35RIE-00071-00028163-00029087 epoxide might be something more like I
Hb_Pbs35RIE-00072-00029088-00029293 want to get rid of the full positive
Hb_Pbs35RIE-00073-00029294-00029623 charge there we go and put on an L / +
Hb_Pbs35RIE-00074-00029624-00029980 at both of these spots so the true
Hb_Pbs35RIE-00075-00029981-00030189 structure of this oxide might actually
Hb_Pbs35RIE-00076-00030191-00030462 have this stretched out bond and so
Hb_Pbs35RIE-00077-00030463-00031386 there's some buildup of
Hb_Pbs35RIE-00078-00031387-00031614 there's this buildup of partial positive
Hb_Pbs35RIE-00079-00031615-00032261 charge at that carbon atom and so then
Hb_Pbs35RIE-00080-00032262-00032804 what we have is electronic factors
Hb_Pbs35RIE-00081-00032805-00033021 something just found out in my office
Hb_Pbs35RIE-00082-00033022-00033246 I'm sorry for that noise electronic
Hb_Pbs35RIE-00083-00033247-00033546 factors are influencing the outcome and
Hb_Pbs35RIE-00084-00033547-00033836 what do i what do i mean by that well
Hb_Pbs35RIE-00085-00033837-00034051 what I mean is that there are some
Hb_Pbs35RIE-00086-00034052-00034314 textbook authors that will save for
Hb_Pbs35RIE-00087-00034315-00034671 acidic weak nucleophiles the order is
Hb_Pbs35RIE-00088-00034672-00034968 totally based on this pseudo carbo
Hb_Pbs35RIE-00089-00034969-00035223 cation like stability Sacrement tertiary
Hb_Pbs35RIE-00090-00035224-00035814 secondary primary I can really teach
Hb_Pbs35RIE-00091-00035815-00036045 from a textbook and there are a handful
Hb_Pbs35RIE-00092-00036046-00036867 of others this is some textbooks
Hb_Pbs35RIE-00093-00036868-00037146 followed this pathway
Hb_Pbs35RIE-00094-00037147-00037776 alright this guideline others and that
Hb_Pbs35RIE-00095-00037777-00037938 includes the one that I use will
Hb_Pbs35RIE-00096-00037939-00038318 actually say something like this
Hb_Pbs35RIE-00097-00038319-00039012 tertiary primary secondary which is kind
Hb_Pbs35RIE-00098-00039013-00040143 of an odd an odd ranking but electronic
Hb_Pbs35RIE-00099-00040144-00040814 factors win for tertiary Eric factors
Hb_Pbs35RIE-00100-00040815-00041343 win for primary and secondary dust loses
Hb_Pbs35RIE-00101-00041344-00042114 every time but really the most important
Hb_Pbs35RIE-00102-00042115-00042304 take-home message about the acidic
Hb_Pbs35RIE-00103-00042305-00043029 version though is this acidic version
Hb_Pbs35RIE-00104-00043030-00043500 may not be synthetically useful if some
Hb_Pbs35RIE-00105-00043501-00043944 textbook proposed one review chemical
Hb_Pbs35RIE-00106-00043945-00044154 outcome and other textbook suppose
Hb_Pbs35RIE-00107-00044155-00044364 others I actually haven't been able to
Hb_Pbs35RIE-00108-00044365-00044718 find in research literature anything
Hb_Pbs35RIE-00109-00044719-00044787 that confirms
Hb_Pbs35RIE-00110-00044788-00045232 one part one verse or the other except
Hb_Pbs35RIE-00111-00045233-00045465 for a note in an advanced organic a
Hb_Pbs35RIE-00112-00045466-00045823 graduate-level textbook that the acidic
Hb_Pbs35RIE-00113-00045824-00046030 version may not be synthetically useful
Hb_Pbs35RIE-00114-00046031-00046336 due to the inability to control the
Hb_Pbs35RIE-00115-00046337-00046674 regio chemical outcome so probably it's
Hb_Pbs35RIE-00116-00046675-00046821 going to depend a whole lot on the
Hb_Pbs35RIE-00117-00046822-00047136 individual substrates and so if you want
Hb_Pbs35RIE-00118-00047137-00047502 to control the outcome here you may just
Hb_Pbs35RIE-00119-00047503-00047773 have to trust luck I will do one more
Hb_Pbs35RIE-00120-00047774-00048235 video on this reaction talking about the
Hb_Pbs35RIE-00121-00048236-00048780 stereo selectivity it is an sn2 reaction
Hb_Pbs35RIE-00122-00048781-00049092 and then we'll wrap up the the video
Hb_Pbs35RIE-00123-00049093-00049483 sequence on ethers thanks for watching
Hgn9fB1MCSc-00000-00000003-00000713 yo what's up guys it's your book
Hgn9fB1MCSc-00001-00000714-00000947 as you can see I have a lot of requests
Hgn9fB1MCSc-00002-00000948-00001295 to make intro so finally I make an intro
Hgn9fB1MCSc-00003-00001296-00002246 [Music]
Hgn9fB1MCSc-00004-00002247-00002291 [Applause]
Hgn9fB1MCSc-00005-00002292-00003171 [Music]
HkBLWzy23I4-00000-00000518-00001592 [Music]
HkBLWzy23I4-00001-00001593-00002263 [Music]
HkBLWzy23I4-00002-00002264-00002516 so
HkBLWzy23I4-00003-00002517-00003165 [Music]
I0HVKDWpYU4-00000-00000046-00000293 the Constitution of the Italian Republic
I0HVKDWpYU4-00001-00000294-00000590 Italian Constitution II della repubblica
I0HVKDWpYU4-00002-00000591-00000825 italiana was enacted by the Constituent
I0HVKDWpYU4-00003-00000826-00001131 Assembly on the 22nd of December 1947
I0HVKDWpYU4-00004-00001132-00001506 with 453 votes in favor and 62 against
I0HVKDWpYU4-00005-00001507-00001802 the text which has since been amended 15
I0HVKDWpYU4-00006-00001803-00001964 times was promulgated in the
I0HVKDWpYU4-00007-00001966-00002187 extraordinary edition of gazeta official
I0HVKDWpYU4-00008-00002188-00002592 number 298 on the 27th of December 1947
I0HVKDWpYU4-00009-00002593-00002885 the Constituent Assembly was elected by
I0HVKDWpYU4-00010-00002886-00003106 universal suffrage on the 2nd of June
I0HVKDWpYU4-00011-00003107-00003404 1946 at the same time as a referendum on
I0HVKDWpYU4-00012-00003406-00003638 the abolition of the monarchy the
I0HVKDWpYU4-00013-00003639-00003840 Constitution came into force on the 1st
I0HVKDWpYU4-00014-00003840-00004167 of January 1948 one century after the
I0HVKDWpYU4-00015-00004168-00004308 statute Oh Albert II know had been
I0HVKDWpYU4-00016-00004309-00004566 enacted although the latter remained in
I0HVKDWpYU4-00017-00004567-00004791 force after Benito Mussolini's march on
I0HVKDWpYU4-00018-00004792-00005076 Rome in 1922 it had become devoid of
I0HVKDWpYU4-00019-00005077-00005544 substantive value
I0HVKDWpYU4-00020-00005545-00006056 Papik Constituent Assembly
I0HVKDWpYU4-00021-00006057-00006281 if you want to go on a pilgrimage to the
I0HVKDWpYU4-00022-00006282-00006506 place where our Constitution was created
I0HVKDWpYU4-00023-00006506-00006706 go to the mountains where partisans felt
I0HVKDWpYU4-00024-00006708-00006818 to the prisons where they were
I0HVKDWpYU4-00025-00006819-00007006 incarcerated and to the fields where
I0HVKDWpYU4-00026-00007008-00007253 they were hanged wherever an Italian
I0HVKDWpYU4-00027-00007254-00007454 died to redeem freedom and dignity go
I0HVKDWpYU4-00028-00007455-00007613 there young people and ponder because
I0HVKDWpYU4-00029-00007614-00007847 that was where our Constitution was born
I0HVKDWpYU4-00030-00007848-00008156 puro Callum Andre the groups that
I0HVKDWpYU4-00031-00008156-00008348 composed the Constituent Assembly
I0HVKDWpYU4-00032-00008349-00008540 covered a wide range of the political
I0HVKDWpYU4-00033-00008541-00008717 spectrum with the prevalence of three
I0HVKDWpYU4-00034-00008718-00008888 major groups namely Christian
I0HVKDWpYU4-00035-00008889-00009167 Democratics liberals and leftists all
I0HVKDWpYU4-00036-00009168-00009407 these groups were deeply anti-fascist so
I0HVKDWpYU4-00037-00009408-00009571 there was general agreement against an
I0HVKDWpYU4-00038-00009572-00009794 authoritarian Constitution putting more
I0HVKDWpYU4-00039-00009795-00009974 emphasis on the legislative power and
I0HVKDWpYU4-00040-00009975-00010181 making the executive power dependent on
I0HVKDWpYU4-00041-00010182-00010445 it so the Constitution doesn't follow
I0HVKDWpYU4-00042-00010446-00010679 the concept of separation of powers as
I0HVKDWpYU4-00043-00010680-00010846 conceived by major figures of the
I0HVKDWpYU4-00044-00010847-00011024 Enlightenment like Condon Montesquieu
I0HVKDWpYU4-00045-00011025-00011216 and incorporates mechanisms to protect
I0HVKDWpYU4-00046-00011217-00011402 the needs of governmental stability
I0HVKDWpYU4-00047-00011403-00011573 while avoiding any degeneration of
I0HVKDWpYU4-00048-00011574-00011834 parliamentarism all the different
I0HVKDWpYU4-00049-00011835-00012002 political and social views of the
I0HVKDWpYU4-00050-00012003-00012196 assembly contributed in shaping and
I0HVKDWpYU4-00051-00012197-00012365 influencing the final text of the
I0HVKDWpYU4-00052-00012366-00012686 Constitution for example constitutional
I0HVKDWpYU4-00053-00012687-00012875 protections concerning marriage and the
I0HVKDWpYU4-00054-00012876-00013088 family reflect natural law themes as
I0HVKDWpYU4-00055-00013088-00013268 viewed by Roman Catholics while those
I0HVKDWpYU4-00056-00013269-00013441 concerning workers rights reflect
I0HVKDWpYU4-00057-00013443-00013724 socialist and communist views this has
I0HVKDWpYU4-00058-00013725-00013880 been repeatedly described as the
I0HVKDWpYU4-00059-00013881-00014087 constitutional compromise and all the
I0HVKDWpYU4-00060-00014088-00014278 parties that shape the Constitution were
I0HVKDWpYU4-00061-00014279-00014488 referred to as the arco constitutionally
I0HVKDWpYU4-00062-00014490-00014854 literally constitutional arch
I0HVKDWpYU4-00063-00014855-00015121 there were 556 members of the
I0HVKDWpYU4-00064-00015122-00015366 Constituent Assembly of which 21 were
I0HVKDWpYU4-00065-00015368-00015538 women with nine from the Christian
I0HVKDWpYU4-00066-00015538-00015744 Democratic group nine from the communist
I0HVKDWpYU4-00067-00015746-00015937 group two from the socialist group and
I0HVKDWpYU4-00068-00015938-00016180 one from the common man's group these
I0HVKDWpYU4-00069-00016181-00016357 members came from all walks of life
I0HVKDWpYU4-00070-00016358-00016597 including politicians philosophers and
I0HVKDWpYU4-00071-00016598-00016777 partisans and many of them went on to
I0HVKDWpYU4-00072-00016778-00016978 become important figures in the Italian
I0HVKDWpYU4-00073-00016979-00017373 political history
I0HVKDWpYU4-00074-00017374-00017883 topic provisions
I0HVKDWpYU4-00075-00017884-00018205 the Constitution is composed of 139
I0HVKDWpYU4-00076-00018206-00018369 articles five of which were later
I0HVKDWpYU4-00077-00018370-00018580 abrogated and arranged into three main
I0HVKDWpYU4-00078-00018581-00018789 parts principie fundamentally the
I0HVKDWpYU4-00079-00018790-00019014 fundamental principles articles one to
I0HVKDWpYU4-00080-00019015-00019267 twelve part one concerning the dirty Edo
I0HVKDWpYU4-00081-00019268-00019470 very de cheetah Dini or rights and
I0HVKDWpYU4-00082-00019471-00019699 duties of citizens articles thirteen to
I0HVKDWpYU4-00083-00019700-00019908 fifty four in part two the ornamental
I0HVKDWpYU4-00084-00019909-00020161 della repubblica or organization of the
I0HVKDWpYU4-00085-00020162-00020559 Republic articles 55 to 139 followed by
I0HVKDWpYU4-00086-00020560-00020778 eighteen disposed eat Sione transitory
I0HVKDWpYU4-00087-00020779-00020997 II finale the transitory and final
I0HVKDWpYU4-00088-00020998-00021267 provisions it is important to note that
I0HVKDWpYU4-00089-00021268-00021483 the Constitution primarily contains
I0HVKDWpYU4-00090-00021484-00021705 general principles it is not possible to
I0HVKDWpYU4-00091-00021706-00021990 apply them directly as with many written
I0HVKDWpYU4-00092-00021991-00022215 constitutions only few articles are
I0HVKDWpYU4-00093-00022216-00022464 considered to be self executing the
I0HVKDWpYU4-00094-00022465-00022650 majority require enabling legislation
I0HVKDWpYU4-00095-00022651-00022869 referred to as accomplishment of
I0HVKDWpYU4-00096-00022870-00023136 Constitution this process has taken
I0HVKDWpYU4-00097-00023137-00023337 decades and some contend that due to
I0HVKDWpYU4-00098-00023338-00023559 various political considerations it is
I0HVKDWpYU4-00099-00023560-00024007 still not complete
I0HVKDWpYU4-00100-00024008-00024479 topic preamble
I0HVKDWpYU4-00101-00024480-00024664 the preamble to the Constitution
I0HVKDWpYU4-00102-00024665-00024969 consists of the enacting formula
I0HVKDWpYU4-00103-00024970-00025141 the provisional head of state by virtue
I0HVKDWpYU4-00104-00025142-00025372 of the deliberations of the Constituent
I0HVKDWpYU4-00105-00025373-00025542 Assembly which in the session of the
I0HVKDWpYU4-00106-00025543-00025855 22nd of December 1947 approved the
I0HVKDWpYU4-00107-00025856-00026086 constitution of the Italian Republic by
I0HVKDWpYU4-00108-00026087-00026295 virtue of final provision 18 of the
I0HVKDWpYU4-00109-00026297-00026455 Constitution promulgates the
I0HVKDWpYU4-00110-00026456-00026689 constitution of the Italian Republic in
I0HVKDWpYU4-00111-00026689-00027093 the following text
I0HVKDWpYU4-00112-00027094-00027429 topic fundamental principles articles 1
I0HVKDWpYU4-00113-00027430-00027801 to 12
I0HVKDWpYU4-00114-00027802-00028041 the fundamental principles declare the
I0HVKDWpYU4-00115-00028042-00028227 foundations on which the Republic is
I0HVKDWpYU4-00116-00028227-00028439 established starting with its democratic
I0HVKDWpYU4-00117-00028441-00028641 nature in which the sovereignty belongs
I0HVKDWpYU4-00118-00028642-00028818 to the people and is exercised by the
I0HVKDWpYU4-00119-00028819-00028980 people in the forms and within the
I0HVKDWpYU4-00120-00028981-00029193 limits of the Constitution the
I0HVKDWpYU4-00121-00029194-00029400 principles recognize the dignity of the
I0HVKDWpYU4-00122-00029401-00029601 person both as an individual and in
I0HVKDWpYU4-00123-00029602-00029817 social groups expressing the notions of
I0HVKDWpYU4-00124-00029818-00029979 solidarity and equality without
I0HVKDWpYU4-00125-00029980-00030192 distinction of sex race language
I0HVKDWpYU4-00126-00030193-00030470 religion political opinion personal and
I0HVKDWpYU4-00127-00030472-00030747 social conditions for this purpose the
I0HVKDWpYU4-00128-00030748-00030960 right to work is also recognized with
I0HVKDWpYU4-00129-00030961-00031149 labor considered the foundation of the
I0HVKDWpYU4-00130-00031150-00031289 Republic and a mean to achieve
I0HVKDWpYU4-00131-00031291-00031524 individual and social development every
I0HVKDWpYU4-00132-00031525-00031725 citizen has a duty to contribute to the
I0HVKDWpYU4-00133-00031726-00031929 development of the society as much as
I0HVKDWpYU4-00134-00031930-00032106 they can and the government must ensure
I0HVKDWpYU4-00135-00032107-00032268 the freedom and equality of every
I0HVKDWpYU4-00136-00032269-00032330 citizen
I0HVKDWpYU4-00137-00032331-00032583 while the principles recognize the
I0HVKDWpYU4-00138-00032583-00032784 territorial integrity of the Republic
I0HVKDWpYU4-00139-00032785-00032976 they also recognize and promote local
I0HVKDWpYU4-00140-00032977-00033186 autonomies and safeguard linguistic
I0HVKDWpYU4-00141-00033187-00033456 minorities they also promote scientific
I0HVKDWpYU4-00142-00033457-00033687 technical and cultural development and
I0HVKDWpYU4-00143-00033688-00033915 safeguard the environmental historical
I0HVKDWpYU4-00144-00033916-00034209 and artistic heritage of the nation the
I0HVKDWpYU4-00145-00034210-00034362 state in the Catholic Church are
I0HVKDWpYU4-00146-00034363-00034545 recognized as independent and sovereign
I0HVKDWpYU4-00147-00034546-00034830 each within its own sphere freedom of
I0HVKDWpYU4-00148-00034831-00035037 religion is also recognized with all
I0HVKDWpYU4-00149-00035038-00035169 religions having the right of
I0HVKDWpYU4-00150-00035170-00035376 self-organization as long as they don't
I0HVKDWpYU4-00151-00035377-00035508 conflict with the law and the
I0HVKDWpYU4-00152-00035509-00035733 possibility to establish a relation with
I0HVKDWpYU4-00153-00035734-00035909 the state through agreement in
I0HVKDWpYU4-00154-00035910-00036192 particular article 7 recognizes the
I0HVKDWpYU4-00155-00036193-00036447 Lateran treaty of 1929 which gave a
I0HVKDWpYU4-00156-00036448-00036615 special status to the Catholic Church
I0HVKDWpYU4-00157-00036616-00036852 and allows modification to such treaty
I0HVKDWpYU4-00158-00036853-00037011 without the need of constitutional
I0HVKDWpYU4-00159-00037012-00037296 amendments in fact the treaty was later
I0HVKDWpYU4-00160-00037297-00037473 modified by a new agreement between
I0HVKDWpYU4-00161-00037474-00037782 church and state in 1984 the principles
I0HVKDWpYU4-00162-00037783-00037956 mentioned the international law and the
I0HVKDWpYU4-00163-00037957-00038139 rights of the foreigner in particular
I0HVKDWpYU4-00164-00038140-00038319 the right of asylum for people who are
I0HVKDWpYU4-00165-00038320-00038454 denied in their home country the
I0HVKDWpYU4-00166-00038455-00038631 freedoms guaranteed by the Italian
I0HVKDWpYU4-00167-00038632-00038805 Constitution or who are accused of
I0HVKDWpYU4-00168-00038806-00039099 political offences they also repudiate
I0HVKDWpYU4-00169-00039100-00039276 war of aggression and promote and
I0HVKDWpYU4-00170-00039277-00039480 encourage international organizations
I0HVKDWpYU4-00171-00039481-00039687 aim to achieve peace and justice among
I0HVKDWpYU4-00172-00039688-00039855 nations even agreeing to limit
I0HVKDWpYU4-00173-00039856-00040056 sovereignty on condition of equality
I0HVKDWpYU4-00174-00040057-00040254 with other countries if necessary to
I0HVKDWpYU4-00175-00040255-00040533 achieve these goals the last of the
I0HVKDWpYU4-00176-00040534-00040737 principles establishes the Italian
I0HVKDWpYU4-00177-00040738-00040929 tricolour as the flag of Italy green
I0HVKDWpYU4-00178-00040930-00041164 white and red in three vertical bands of
I0HVKDWpYU4-00179-00041165-00041591 equal dimensions
I0HVKDWpYU4-00180-00041592-00041798 topic rights and duties of citizens
I0HVKDWpYU4-00181-00041799-00042305 articles 13 to 54
I0HVKDWpYU4-00182-00042306-00042996 topic civil relations articles 13 to 28
I0HVKDWpYU4-00183-00042997-00043290 articles 13 to 28 are the Italian
I0HVKDWpYU4-00184-00043291-00043452 equivalent of a Bill of Rights and
I0HVKDWpYU4-00185-00043453-00043674 common law jurisdictions the
I0HVKDWpYU4-00186-00043675-00043935 Constitution recognizes habeas corpus
I0HVKDWpYU4-00187-00043936-00044064 and the presumption of innocence
I0HVKDWpYU4-00188-00044065-00044268 violations of personal liberties
I0HVKDWpYU4-00189-00044269-00044487 properties and privacy are forbidden
I0HVKDWpYU4-00190-00044488-00044643 without an order of the judiciary
I0HVKDWpYU4-00191-00044644-00044847 stating a reason and outside the limits
I0HVKDWpYU4-00192-00044848-00045168 imposed by the law every citizen is free
I0HVKDWpYU4-00193-00045169-00045369 to travel both outside and inside the
I0HVKDWpYU4-00194-00045370-00045534 territory of the Republic with
I0HVKDWpYU4-00195-00045535-00045744 restrictions granted by law only for
I0HVKDWpYU4-00196-00045745-00045965 possible health and security reasons
I0HVKDWpYU4-00197-00045966-00046161 citizens have the right to freely
I0HVKDWpYU4-00198-00046162-00046350 assemble both in private and public
I0HVKDWpYU4-00199-00046351-00046613 places peacefully and unarmed
I0HVKDWpYU4-00200-00046614-00046821 notifications to the authorities is
I0HVKDWpYU4-00201-00046822-00047010 required only for large meetings on
I0HVKDWpYU4-00202-00047011-00047217 public lands which might be prohibited
I0HVKDWpYU4-00203-00047218-00047424 only for proven reason of security or
I0HVKDWpYU4-00204-00047425-00047685 public safety the Constitution
I0HVKDWpYU4-00205-00047686-00047850 recognizes the freedom of association
I0HVKDWpYU4-00206-00047851-00048183 within the limits of criminal law secret
I0HVKDWpYU4-00207-00048184-00048408 associations and organizations having
I0HVKDWpYU4-00208-00048409-00048720 military character are forbidden freedom
I0HVKDWpYU4-00209-00048721-00048924 of expression press and religion are
I0HVKDWpYU4-00210-00048925-00049152 guaranteed in public places except for
I0HVKDWpYU4-00211-00049153-00049281 those acts which are considered
I0HVKDWpYU4-00212-00049282-00049593 offensive by public morality for example
I0HVKDWpYU4-00213-00049594-00049818 hate speech calamy and obscenity in the
I0HVKDWpYU4-00214-00049819-00050007 public sphere are considered criminal
I0HVKDWpYU4-00215-00050008-00050252 offences by the Italian Criminal Code
I0HVKDWpYU4-00216-00050253-00050484 every citizen is protected from
I0HVKDWpYU4-00217-00050485-00050688 political persecution and cannot be
I0HVKDWpYU4-00218-00050689-00050838 subjected to personal or financial
I0HVKDWpYU4-00219-00050839-00051138 burden outside of the law the right to a
I0HVKDWpYU4-00220-00051139-00051351 fair trial is guaranteed with everyone
I0HVKDWpYU4-00221-00051352-00051486 having the right to protect their rights
I0HVKDWpYU4-00222-00051487-00051727 regardless of their economic status
I0HVKDWpYU4-00223-00051728-00051975 conditions and forms of reparation in
I0HVKDWpYU4-00224-00051976-00052190 case of judicial errors are defined by
I0HVKDWpYU4-00225-00052191-00052395 the law and retroactive laws are not
I0HVKDWpYU4-00226-00052396-00052596 recognized therefore nobody can be
I0HVKDWpYU4-00227-00052597-00052766 convicted for an action which was not
I0HVKDWpYU4-00228-00052767-00052923 illegal at the time in which it took
I0HVKDWpYU4-00229-00052924-00053232 place criminal responsibility is
I0HVKDWpYU4-00230-00053233-00053445 considered personal therefore collective
I0HVKDWpYU4-00231-00053446-00053636 punishments are not recognized a
I0HVKDWpYU4-00232-00053637-00053855 defendant is considered innocent until
I0HVKDWpYU4-00233-00053857-00054066 proven guilty and punishments are aimed
I0HVKDWpYU4-00234-00054066-00054246 at the rehabilitation of the convicted
I0HVKDWpYU4-00235-00054247-00054497 the death penalty and cruel and unusual
I0HVKDWpYU4-00236-00054498-00054759 punishments are prohibited extradition
I0HVKDWpYU4-00237-00054760-00054978 of citizens is not permitted outside of
I0HVKDWpYU4-00238-00054979-00055145 those cases provided by international
I0HVKDWpYU4-00239-00055146-00055365 conventions and is prohibited for
I0HVKDWpYU4-00240-00055366-00055682 political offences public officials and
I0HVKDWpYU4-00241-00055683-00055875 public agencies are directly responsible
I0HVKDWpYU4-00242-00055876-00056151 under criminal civil and administrative
I0HVKDWpYU4-00243-00056152-00056358 law for acts committed in violation of
I0HVKDWpYU4-00244-00056359-00056622 Wright's civil liabilities are also
I0HVKDWpYU4-00245-00056623-00056799 extended to the government and to the
I0HVKDWpYU4-00246-00056800-00057197 public agencies involved
I0HVKDWpYU4-00247-00057198-00057482 topic ethical and social relations
I0HVKDWpYU4-00248-00057483-00057969 articles 29 to 34
I0HVKDWpYU4-00249-00057970-00058241 the Constitution recognizes the family
I0HVKDWpYU4-00250-00058242-00058466 as a natural society founded on marriage
I0HVKDWpYU4-00251-00058467-00058647 while marriage is simply regarded as a
I0HVKDWpYU4-00252-00058648-00058836 condition of moral and legal equality
I0HVKDWpYU4-00253-00058837-00059112 between the spouse's the law is supposed
I0HVKDWpYU4-00254-00059113-00059286 to guarantee the unity of the family
I0HVKDWpYU4-00255-00059287-00059472 through economic measures and other
I0HVKDWpYU4-00256-00059473-00059661 benefits and the parents have the right
I0HVKDWpYU4-00257-00059662-00059841 and duty to raise and educate their
I0HVKDWpYU4-00258-00059841-00060114 children even if born out of wedlock the
I0HVKDWpYU4-00259-00060115-00060329 fulfillment of such duties is provided
I0HVKDWpYU4-00260-00060330-00060530 by the law in the case of incapacity of
I0HVKDWpYU4-00261-00060532-00060822 the parents health is recognized in
I0HVKDWpYU4-00262-00060823-00061071 article 32 both as a fundamental right
I0HVKDWpYU4-00263-00061072-00061254 of the individual and as a collective
I0HVKDWpYU4-00264-00061254-00061430 interest and free medical care is
I0HVKDWpYU4-00265-00061432-00061614 guaranteed to the indigent and paid for
I0HVKDWpYU4-00266-00061615-00061911 by the taxpayers nobody can be forced to
I0HVKDWpYU4-00267-00061912-00062097 undergo any health treatment except
I0HVKDWpYU4-00268-00062098-00062277 under the provisions of the law the law
I0HVKDWpYU4-00269-00062278-00062439 is aimed at the respect of the human
I0HVKDWpYU4-00270-00062440-00062724 dignity freedom of education is
I0HVKDWpYU4-00271-00062725-00062940 guaranteed mentioning in particular the
I0HVKDWpYU4-00272-00062941-00063154 free teaching of the Arts and Sciences
I0HVKDWpYU4-00273-00063155-00063384 general rules of education are
I0HVKDWpYU4-00274-00063385-00063558 established by law which also
I0HVKDWpYU4-00275-00063559-00063741 establishes public schools of all
I0HVKDWpYU4-00276-00063741-00064029 branches and grades the Constitution
I0HVKDWpYU4-00277-00064029-00064251 prescribes examinations for admission to
I0HVKDWpYU4-00278-00064252-00064454 and graduation from the various branches
I0HVKDWpYU4-00279-00064455-00064659 and grades and for qualification to
I0HVKDWpYU4-00280-00064660-00064926 exercise a profession private schools
I0HVKDWpYU4-00281-00064927-00065094 are required to meet the same standards
I0HVKDWpYU4-00282-00065095-00065337 of education and qualifications while
I0HVKDWpYU4-00283-00065338-00065541 universities and academies can establish
I0HVKDWpYU4-00284-00065542-00065739 their own regulations within the limits
I0HVKDWpYU4-00285-00065740-00066018 of the law education is also a right
I0HVKDWpYU4-00286-00066019-00066189 with a compulsory and free primary
I0HVKDWpYU4-00287-00066190-00066413 education given for at least eight years
I0HVKDWpYU4-00288-00066414-00066696 the highest levels of education are a
I0HVKDWpYU4-00289-00066697-00066867 right also for capable and deserving
I0HVKDWpYU4-00290-00066868-00067068 pupils regardless of their financial
I0HVKDWpYU4-00291-00067069-00067332 status to this end scholarships
I0HVKDWpYU4-00292-00067333-00067509 allowances to families and other
I0HVKDWpYU4-00293-00067510-00067710 benefits can be assigned by the Republic
I0HVKDWpYU4-00294-00067711-00068211 through competitive examinations
I0HVKDWpYU4-00295-00068212-00068610 topic economic relations articles 35 to
I0HVKDWpYU4-00296-00068611-00068978 47
I0HVKDWpYU4-00297-00068979-00069170 according to the Constitution the
I0HVKDWpYU4-00298-00069171-00069392 Republic protects labor in all its forms
I0HVKDWpYU4-00299-00069393-00069617 and practices providing for training and
I0HVKDWpYU4-00300-00069618-00069797 professional advancement of workers
I0HVKDWpYU4-00301-00069798-00070010 promoting and encouraging international
I0HVKDWpYU4-00302-00070011-00070184 agreements and organizations that
I0HVKDWpYU4-00303-00070185-00070460 protect labour rights it also gives the
I0HVKDWpYU4-00304-00070461-00070673 freedom to emigrate and protects Italian
I0HVKDWpYU4-00305-00070674-00071000 workers abroad unfree labor is outlawed
I0HVKDWpYU4-00306-00071001-00071159 with workers having the right to a
I0HVKDWpYU4-00307-00071160-00071345 salary commensurate with the quantity
I0HVKDWpYU4-00308-00071346-00071522 and quality of their work and a minimum
I0HVKDWpYU4-00309-00071523-00071723 wage guaranteed in order to ensure them
I0HVKDWpYU4-00310-00071724-00071891 and their families a free and dignified
I0HVKDWpYU4-00311-00071892-00072224 existence the law establishes maximum
I0HVKDWpYU4-00312-00072225-00072404 daily working hours in the right to a
I0HVKDWpYU4-00313-00072405-00072638 weekly rest day and paid annual holidays
I0HVKDWpYU4-00314-00072639-00072908 cannot be waived equal rights and equal
I0HVKDWpYU4-00315-00072909-00073127 pay for women are recognized working
I0HVKDWpYU4-00316-00073128-00073301 conditions must allow women to fulfill
I0HVKDWpYU4-00317-00073302-00073514 their role in the family and must ensure
I0HVKDWpYU4-00318-00073515-00073705 the protection of mother and child a
I0HVKDWpYU4-00319-00073706-00073934 minimum age for paid labor is
I0HVKDWpYU4-00320-00073935-00074120 established by law with special
I0HVKDWpYU4-00321-00074121-00074335 provisions protecting the work of minors
I0HVKDWpYU4-00322-00074336-00074594 welfare support is available to every
I0HVKDWpYU4-00323-00074595-00074801 citizen unable to work disabled or
I0HVKDWpYU4-00324-00074802-00074948 lacking the necessary means of
I0HVKDWpYU4-00325-00074949-00075209 subsistence workers are entitled to
I0HVKDWpYU4-00326-00075210-00075410 adequate help in the case of accident
I0HVKDWpYU4-00327-00075411-00075614 sickness disability old-age and
I0HVKDWpYU4-00328-00075615-00075911 involuntary unemployment private-sector
I0HVKDWpYU4-00329-00075912-00076229 assistance may be freely provided trade
I0HVKDWpYU4-00330-00076230-00076439 unions may be freely established without
I0HVKDWpYU4-00331-00076440-00076670 obligations except for registration at
I0HVKDWpYU4-00332-00076671-00076835 local or central offices and
I0HVKDWpYU4-00333-00076836-00077057 requirements such as internal Democratic
I0HVKDWpYU4-00334-00077058-00077336 structures registered trade unions have
I0HVKDWpYU4-00335-00077337-00077510 legal personality and make through a
I0HVKDWpYU4-00336-00077511-00077681 unified representation that is
I0HVKDWpYU4-00337-00077682-00077861 proportional to their membership enter
I0HVKDWpYU4-00338-00077862-00078035 into collective labour agreements that
I0HVKDWpYU4-00339-00078036-00078221 have a mandatory effect on all persons
I0HVKDWpYU4-00340-00078222-00078437 belonging to the categories referred to
I0HVKDWpYU4-00341-00078438-00078683 in the agreement the right to strike is
I0HVKDWpYU4-00342-00078684-00078883 recognized within the limits of the law
I0HVKDWpYU4-00343-00078884-00079169 the Constitution recognizes free
I0HVKDWpYU4-00344-00079170-00079361 enterprise on condition it does not
I0HVKDWpYU4-00345-00079362-00079586 damage the common good health and safety
I0HVKDWpYU4-00346-00079587-00079877 liberty and human dignity the Republic
I0HVKDWpYU4-00347-00079878-00080038 is supposed to establish appropriate
I0HVKDWpYU4-00348-00080039-00080255 regulations on both public and private
I0HVKDWpYU4-00349-00080256-00080519 sector economic activities in order to
I0HVKDWpYU4-00350-00080520-00080725 orient them towards social purposes
I0HVKDWpYU4-00351-00080726-00080960 public and private properties are
I0HVKDWpYU4-00352-00080961-00081191 recognized guaranteed and regulated by
I0HVKDWpYU4-00353-00081192-00081383 the law with particular mention of the
I0HVKDWpYU4-00354-00081384-00081545 regulation of inheritance and the
I0HVKDWpYU4-00355-00081546-00081734 possibility of expropriation with
I0HVKDWpYU4-00356-00081735-00081950 obligation of compensation in the public
I0HVKDWpYU4-00357-00081951-00082247 interest also to ensure the rational use
I0HVKDWpYU4-00358-00082248-00082361 of land and equity
I0HVKDWpYU4-00359-00082362-00082526 social relationships there could be
I0HVKDWpYU4-00360-00082527-00082721 constraints on the private ownership and
I0HVKDWpYU4-00361-00082722-00082979 size of land the Republic protects
I0HVKDWpYU4-00362-00082980-00083177 promotes and regulates small and
I0HVKDWpYU4-00363-00083178-00083426 medium-sized businesses cooperatives and
I0HVKDWpYU4-00364-00083427-00083636 handicrafts and recognizes the right of
I0HVKDWpYU4-00365-00083637-00083807 workers to collaborate in the management
I0HVKDWpYU4-00366-00083808-00084005 of enterprises within the limits of the
I0HVKDWpYU4-00367-00084006-00084236 law private savings and credit
I0HVKDWpYU4-00368-00084237-00084473 operations are encouraged protected and
I0HVKDWpYU4-00369-00084474-00084784 overseen
I0HVKDWpYU4-00370-00084785-00085165 topic political relations articles 48 to
I0HVKDWpYU4-00371-00085166-00085518 54
I0HVKDWpYU4-00372-00085519-00085773 article 48 of the Constitution
I0HVKDWpYU4-00373-00085774-00085941 recognizes the right to vote of every
I0HVKDWpYU4-00374-00085942-00086187 citizen male or female at home or abroad
I0HVKDWpYU4-00375-00086188-00086517 who has attained majority voting is also
I0HVKDWpYU4-00376-00086518-00086730 considered a civic duty and the law must
I0HVKDWpYU4-00377-00086731-00086928 guarantee that every citizen is able to
I0HVKDWpYU4-00378-00086929-00087120 fulfill this right establishing among
I0HVKDWpYU4-00379-00087121-00087330 other things in 2000 overseas
I0HVKDWpYU4-00380-00087331-00087522 constituencies represented in the
I0HVKDWpYU4-00381-00087523-00087771 parliament the right to vote cannot be
I0HVKDWpYU4-00382-00087772-00087987 restricted except for civil incapacity
I0HVKDWpYU4-00383-00087988-00088242 irrevocable penal sentences or in cases
I0HVKDWpYU4-00384-00088243-00088434 of moral unworthiness as laid down by
I0HVKDWpYU4-00385-00088435-00088734 the law political parties may be freely
I0HVKDWpYU4-00386-00088735-00088953 established and petitions to Parliament
I0HVKDWpYU4-00387-00088954-00089154 by private citizens are recognized in
I0HVKDWpYU4-00388-00089155-00089361 order to promote the democratic process
I0HVKDWpYU4-00389-00089362-00089526 and express the needs of the people
I0HVKDWpYU4-00390-00089527-00089844 any citizen male or female at home or
I0HVKDWpYU4-00391-00089845-00090075 abroad is eligible for public office on
I0HVKDWpYU4-00392-00090076-00090342 the conditions established by law to
I0HVKDWpYU4-00393-00090343-00090564 this end the Republic adopts specific
I0HVKDWpYU4-00394-00090565-00090756 measures to promote equal opportunities
I0HVKDWpYU4-00395-00090757-00090972 between men and women and for Italians
I0HVKDWpYU4-00396-00090973-00091146 not resident in the territory of the
I0HVKDWpYU4-00397-00091147-00091404 Republic every elected official is
I0HVKDWpYU4-00398-00091405-00091566 entitled to the time needed to perform
I0HVKDWpYU4-00399-00091567-00091785 that function and to retain a previously
I0HVKDWpYU4-00400-00091786-00092130 held job article 52 states that the
I0HVKDWpYU4-00401-00092131-00092253 defense of the motherland
I0HVKDWpYU4-00402-00092254-00092460 patria is the sacred duty of every
I0HVKDWpYU4-00403-00092461-00092757 citizen it also stipulates that national
I0HVKDWpYU4-00404-00092758-00092937 service is performed within the limits
I0HVKDWpYU4-00405-00092938-00093273 and in the manner set by law since 2003
I0HVKDWpYU4-00406-00093274-00093525 Italy has no more concern even though it
I0HVKDWpYU4-00407-00093526-00093762 can be reinstated if required the
I0HVKDWpYU4-00408-00093763-00093972 fulfillment of which cannot prejudice a
I0HVKDWpYU4-00409-00093973-00094197 citizen's employment nor the exercise of
I0HVKDWpYU4-00410-00094198-00094485 political rights particular mention is
I0HVKDWpYU4-00411-00094486-00094662 given to the Democratic spirit of the
I0HVKDWpYU4-00412-00094663-00094842 Republic as the basis for the regulation
I0HVKDWpYU4-00413-00094843-00095190 of the Armed Forces the Constitution
I0HVKDWpYU4-00414-00095191-00095376 establishes a progressive form of
I0HVKDWpYU4-00415-00095377-00095607 taxation which requires every citizen to
I0HVKDWpYU4-00416-00095608-00095796 contribute to public expenditure in
I0HVKDWpYU4-00417-00095797-00096027 accordance with their capability also
I0HVKDWpYU4-00418-00096028-00096321 article 54 states that every citizen has
I0HVKDWpYU4-00419-00096322-00096540 the duty to be loyal to the Republic and
I0HVKDWpYU4-00420-00096541-00096761 to uphold its constitution and laws
I0HVKDWpYU4-00421-00096762-00096978 elected officials have the duty to
I0HVKDWpYU4-00422-00096979-00097167 fulfil their functions with discipline
I0HVKDWpYU4-00423-00097168-00097365 and honor taking an oath to that effect
I0HVKDWpYU4-00424-00097366-00097829 in those cases established by law
I0HVKDWpYU4-00425-00097830-00098111 topic organization of the Republic
I0HVKDWpYU4-00426-00098112-00098724 articles 55 to 139
I0HVKDWpYU4-00427-00098725-00098988 power is divided among the executive the
I0HVKDWpYU4-00428-00098989-00099207 legislative and judicial branches the
I0HVKDWpYU4-00429-00099208-00099429 Constitution establishes the balancing
I0HVKDWpYU4-00430-00099430-00099618 and interaction of these branches rather
I0HVKDWpYU4-00431-00099619-00100004 than the rigid separation
I0HVKDWpYU4-00432-00100005-00100668 topic Parliament articles 55 to 82
I0HVKDWpYU4-00433-00100669-00101323 topic the houses articles 55 to 69
I0HVKDWpYU4-00434-00101324-00101635 article 55 establishes the Parliament as
I0HVKDWpYU4-00435-00101636-00101848 a bicameral entity consisting of the
I0HVKDWpYU4-00436-00101849-00102019 Chamber of Deputies and the Senate of
I0HVKDWpYU4-00437-00102020-00102166 the Republic which are elected every
I0HVKDWpYU4-00438-00102167-00102405 five years with no extension except by
I0HVKDWpYU4-00439-00102406-00102601 law and only in the case of war and
I0HVKDWpYU4-00440-00102602-00102772 which meet in joint session only in
I0HVKDWpYU4-00441-00102773-00102984 cases established by the Constitution
I0HVKDWpYU4-00442-00102985-00103279 the Chamber of Deputies is elected by
I0HVKDWpYU4-00443-00103280-00103509 direct and universal suffrage by voters
I0HVKDWpYU4-00444-00103510-00103825 over the age of 18 there are 630
I0HVKDWpYU4-00445-00103826-00104031 deputies 12 of which are elected in the
I0HVKDWpYU4-00446-00104032-00104241 overseas constituencies while the number
I0HVKDWpYU4-00447-00104242-00104404 of seats among the other electoral
I0HVKDWpYU4-00448-00104405-00104580 districts is obtained by dividing the
I0HVKDWpYU4-00449-00104581-00104749 number of citizens residing in the
I0HVKDWpYU4-00450-00104750-00105043 territory of the Republic by 618 and by
I0HVKDWpYU4-00451-00105044-00105234 distributing the seats proportionally to
I0HVKDWpYU4-00452-00105235-00105424 the population in every electoral
I0HVKDWpYU4-00453-00105425-00105609 district on the basis of whole shares
I0HVKDWpYU4-00454-00105610-00105889 and highest remainders all voters over
I0HVKDWpYU4-00455-00105890-00106099 the age of 25 are eligible to be
I0HVKDWpYU4-00456-00106100-00106399 deputies the Senate of the Republic is
I0HVKDWpYU4-00457-00106400-00106611 elected by direct and universal suffrage
I0HVKDWpYU4-00458-00106613-00106822 by voters over the age of 25
I0HVKDWpYU4-00459-00106823-00107184 there are 315 senators six of whom are
I0HVKDWpYU4-00460-00107185-00107385 elected in the overseas constituencies
I0HVKDWpYU4-00461-00107386-00107527 while the others are elected on a
I0HVKDWpYU4-00462-00107528-00107728 regional basis in proportion to the
I0HVKDWpYU4-00463-00107729-00107944 population of each region similarly to
I0HVKDWpYU4-00464-00107945-00108094 the method used for the chamber of
I0HVKDWpYU4-00465-00108095-00108285 deputies with no region having fewer
I0HVKDWpYU4-00466-00108286-00108504 than seven senators except formally say
I0HVKDWpYU4-00467-00108505-00108711 having two and Vall a toast to having
I0HVKDWpYU4-00468-00108713-00108973 one there are also a number of senators
I0HVKDWpYU4-00469-00108974-00109198 for life such as former presidents by
I0HVKDWpYU4-00470-00109199-00109404 right unless they resign or citizens
I0HVKDWpYU4-00471-00109405-00109549 appointed by the President of the
I0HVKDWpYU4-00472-00109550-00109774 Republic in number up to five for having
I0HVKDWpYU4-00473-00109775-00109921 brought honor to the nation with their
I0HVKDWpYU4-00474-00109922-00110107 achievements in the social scientific
I0HVKDWpYU4-00475-00110108-00110422 artistic and literary field all voters
I0HVKDWpYU4-00476-00110423-00110634 over the age of 40 are eligible to be
I0HVKDWpYU4-00477-00110635-00110944 senators disqualifications for the
I0HVKDWpYU4-00478-00110945-00111118 office of deputy or senator are
I0HVKDWpYU4-00479-00111119-00111309 determined by law and verified for
I0HVKDWpYU4-00480-00111310-00111490 members by each house even after the
I0HVKDWpYU4-00481-00111491-00111682 election and nobody can be a member of
I0HVKDWpYU4-00482-00111683-00111922 both houses at the same time new
I0HVKDWpYU4-00483-00111923-00112141 elections must take place within 70 days
I0HVKDWpYU4-00484-00112142-00112311 from the end of the term of the old
I0HVKDWpYU4-00485-00112313-00112573 Parliament the first meeting is convened
I0HVKDWpYU4-00486-00112574-00112744 no later than 20 days after the
I0HVKDWpYU4-00487-00112745-00112969 elections and until such time the powers
I0HVKDWpYU4-00488-00112970-00113313 of the previous houses are extended
I0HVKDWpYU4-00489-00113314-00113493 in default of any other provisions
I0HVKDWpYU4-00490-00113494-00113673 Parliament has to be convened on the
I0HVKDWpYU4-00491-00113674-00113924 first working day of February in October
I0HVKDWpYU4-00492-00113925-00114174 special sessions for one of the houses
I0HVKDWpYU4-00493-00114175-00114357 may be convened by its president the
I0HVKDWpYU4-00494-00114358-00114549 President of the Republic or a third of
I0HVKDWpYU4-00495-00114550-00114744 its members and in such cases the other
I0HVKDWpYU4-00496-00114745-00114932 house is convened as a matter of course
I0HVKDWpYU4-00497-00114933-00115200 the president and Bureau of each house
I0HVKDWpYU4-00498-00115201-00115395 is elected among its member and during
I0HVKDWpYU4-00499-00115396-00115581 joint sessions the president and Bureau
I0HVKDWpYU4-00500-00115582-00115745 are those of the Chamber of Deputies
I0HVKDWpYU4-00501-00115746-00116022 each house adopts its rules by an
I0HVKDWpYU4-00502-00116023-00116226 absolute majority and unless otherwise
I0HVKDWpYU4-00503-00116227-00116523 decided the sittings are public members
I0HVKDWpYU4-00504-00116524-00116688 of the government have the right and if
I0HVKDWpYU4-00505-00116689-00116909 demanded the obligation to attend and
I0HVKDWpYU4-00506-00116910-00117161 shall be heard when they so request the
I0HVKDWpYU4-00507-00117163-00117339 quorum for decisions in each house and
I0HVKDWpYU4-00508-00117340-00117560 in a joint session as a majority of the
I0HVKDWpYU4-00509-00117561-00117738 members and the Constitution prescribes
I0HVKDWpYU4-00510-00117739-00117978 the majority required of those present
I0HVKDWpYU4-00511-00117979-00118241 for passing a decision members of
I0HVKDWpYU4-00512-00118242-00118443 parliament do not have a binding mandate
I0HVKDWpYU4-00513-00118444-00118610 cannot be held accountable for the
I0HVKDWpYU4-00514-00118611-00118827 opinions expressed or votes cast while
I0HVKDWpYU4-00515-00118828-00119031 performing their functions and cannot be
I0HVKDWpYU4-00516-00119032-00119204 submitted to personal or home search
I0HVKDWpYU4-00517-00119205-00119448 arrested detained or otherwise deprived
I0HVKDWpYU4-00518-00119449-00119601 of personal freedoms without the
I0HVKDWpYU4-00519-00119602-00119804 authorization of their house except when
I0HVKDWpYU4-00520-00119805-00120011 a final court sentence is enforced or
I0HVKDWpYU4-00521-00120013-00120171 when the member is apprehended in
I0HVKDWpYU4-00522-00120172-00120458 flagrante delicto the salary of the
I0HVKDWpYU4-00523-00120459-00120659 members of parliament is established by
I0HVKDWpYU4-00524-00120660-00120921 law
I0HVKDWpYU4-00525-00120922-00121621 topic legislative process articles 72 82
I0HVKDWpYU4-00526-00121622-00121890 article 70 gives the legislative power
I0HVKDWpYU4-00527-00121891-00122068 to both houses and bills can be
I0HVKDWpYU4-00528-00122069-00122257 introduced by the government by a member
I0HVKDWpYU4-00529-00122258-00122443 of parliament and by other entities as
I0HVKDWpYU4-00530-00122444-00122691 established by the Constitution the
I0HVKDWpYU4-00531-00122692-00122926 citizens can also propose bills drawn up
I0HVKDWpYU4-00532-00122927-00123097 in articles and signed by at least
I0HVKDWpYU4-00533-00123098-00123234 50,000 voters
I0HVKDWpYU4-00534-00123235-00123496 each house shall establish rules for
I0HVKDWpYU4-00535-00123497-00123658 reviewing a bill starting with the
I0HVKDWpYU4-00536-00123658-00123823 scrutiny by a committee and then the
I0HVKDWpYU4-00537-00123824-00124027 consideration section by section by the
I0HVKDWpYU4-00538-00124028-00124207 whole house which will then put it to a
I0HVKDWpYU4-00539-00124208-00124498 final vote the ordinary procedure for
I0HVKDWpYU4-00540-00124499-00124704 consideration and direct approval by
I0HVKDWpYU4-00541-00124705-00124890 each house must be followed for bills
I0HVKDWpYU4-00542-00124891-00125109 regarding constitutional and electoral
I0HVKDWpYU4-00543-00125110-00125308 matters delegating legislation
I0HVKDWpYU4-00544-00125308-00125524 ratification of international treaties
I0HVKDWpYU4-00545-00125525-00125719 and the approval of budgets and accounts
I0HVKDWpYU4-00546-00125720-00125991 the rules shall also establish the ways
I0HVKDWpYU4-00547-00125992-00126172 in which the Proceedings of committees
I0HVKDWpYU4-00548-00126173-00126457 are made public after the approval by
I0HVKDWpYU4-00549-00126458-00126643 the Parliament laws are promulgated by
I0HVKDWpYU4-00550-00126644-00126838 the President of the Republic within one
I0HVKDWpYU4-00551-00126839-00127035 month or a deadline established by an
I0HVKDWpYU4-00552-00127036-00127222 absolute majority of the Parliament for
I0HVKDWpYU4-00553-00127223-00127515 laws declared urgent allies published
I0HVKDWpYU4-00554-00127516-00127732 immediately after promulgation and comes
I0HVKDWpYU4-00555-00127733-00127927 into force on the 15th day after
I0HVKDWpYU4-00556-00127928-00128152 publication unless otherwise established
I0HVKDWpYU4-00557-00128153-00128427 the president can veto a bill and send
I0HVKDWpYU4-00558-00128428-00128614 it back to Parliament stating a reasoned
I0HVKDWpYU4-00559-00128615-00128914 opinion if such law is passed again the
I0HVKDWpYU4-00560-00128915-00129118 veto is overruled and the President must
I0HVKDWpYU4-00561-00129119-00129406 sign it the Constitution recognizes
I0HVKDWpYU4-00562-00129407-00129666 general referenda for repealing a law or
I0HVKDWpYU4-00563-00129667-00129854 part of it when they are requested by
I0HVKDWpYU4-00564-00129855-00130134 500,000 voters or five regional councils
I0HVKDWpYU4-00565-00130135-00130302 while referenda on a law regulating
I0HVKDWpYU4-00566-00130303-00130573 taxes the budget amnesty or pardon or a
I0HVKDWpYU4-00567-00130574-00130791 lotta fiying an international treaty are
I0HVKDWpYU4-00568-00130792-00131089 not recognized any citizen entitled to
I0HVKDWpYU4-00569-00131090-00131284 vote for the Chamber of Deputies has the
I0HVKDWpYU4-00570-00131285-00131461 right to vote in a referendum and if the
I0HVKDWpYU4-00571-00131462-00131679 majority of those eligible has voted and
I0HVKDWpYU4-00572-00131680-00131857 a majority of valid votes has been
I0HVKDWpYU4-00573-00131858-00132043 achieved the referendum is considered
I0HVKDWpYU4-00574-00132044-00132310 carried the government cannot have
I0HVKDWpYU4-00575-00132311-00132508 legislative functions except for a
I0HVKDWpYU4-00576-00132509-00132727 limited times and for specific purposes
I0HVKDWpYU4-00577-00132728-00132943 established in cases of necessity and
I0HVKDWpYU4-00578-00132944-00133179 urgency and cannot issue a decree having
I0HVKDWpYU4-00579-00133180-00133353 the force of a law without an enabling
I0HVKDWpYU4-00580-00133354-00133582 act from the Parliament temporary
I0HVKDWpYU4-00581-00133583-00133747 measures shall lose effect from the
I0HVKDWpYU4-00582-00133748-00133960 beginning if not transposed into law by
I0HVKDWpYU4-00583-00133961-00134149 the Parliament within 60 days of their
I0HVKDWpYU4-00584-00134150-00134427 publication Parliament may regulate the
I0HVKDWpYU4-00585-00134428-00134632 legal relations arisen from the rejected
I0HVKDWpYU4-00586-00134633-00134937 measures the Constitution gives to
I0HVKDWpYU4-00587-00134938-00135108 Parliament the authority to declare a
I0HVKDWpYU4-00588-00135109-00135303 state of war and divest the necessary
I0HVKDWpYU4-00589-00135304-00135513 powers into the government the
I0HVKDWpYU4-00590-00135514-00135711 Parliament has also the authority to
I0HVKDWpYU4-00591-00135712-00135912 grant amnesty and pardons through a law
I0HVKDWpYU4-00592-00135913-00136089 having a two-thirds majority in both
I0HVKDWpYU4-00593-00136090-00136326 houses on each section and on the final
I0HVKDWpYU4-00594-00136327-00136458 vote and having a deadline for
I0HVKDWpYU4-00595-00136459-00136731 implementation such eminence tees and
I0HVKDWpYU4-00596-00136732-00136938 pardons cannot be granted for crimes
I0HVKDWpYU4-00597-00136939-00137124 committed after the introduction of such
I0HVKDWpYU4-00598-00137125-00137403 bill Parliament can authorized by law
I0HVKDWpYU4-00599-00137404-00137610 the ratification of such international
I0HVKDWpYU4-00600-00137611-00137796 treaties as have a political nature
I0HVKDWpYU4-00601-00137797-00138019 require arbitration or a legal
I0HVKDWpYU4-00602-00138020-00138216 settlement entail change of borders
I0HVKDWpYU4-00603-00138217-00138549 spending or new legislation budget and
I0HVKDWpYU4-00604-00138550-00138738 financial statements introduced by the
I0HVKDWpYU4-00605-00138739-00138885 government must be passed by the
I0HVKDWpYU4-00606-00138886-00139086 Parliament every year while provisional
I0HVKDWpYU4-00607-00139087-00139281 implementation of the budget may not be
I0HVKDWpYU4-00608-00139282-00139482 allowed except by law and for no longer
I0HVKDWpYU4-00609-00139483-00139731 than four months the budget must balance
I0HVKDWpYU4-00610-00139732-00139969 revenue and expenditure taking account
I0HVKDWpYU4-00611-00139970-00140166 of the adverse and favorable phases of
I0HVKDWpYU4-00612-00140167-00140370 the economic cycle which can be the only
I0HVKDWpYU4-00613-00140371-00140631 justification for borrowing new or
I0HVKDWpYU4-00614-00140632-00140844 increased expenditure must be introduced
I0HVKDWpYU4-00615-00140845-00141057 by laws providing for the resources to
I0HVKDWpYU4-00616-00141058-00141219 cover it both houses can conduct
I0HVKDWpYU4-00617-00141220-00141418 enquiries on matters of public interest
I0HVKDWpYU4-00618-00141419-00141564 through a committee of its members
I0HVKDWpYU4-00619-00141565-00141744 representing the proportionality of
I0HVKDWpYU4-00620-00141745-00142020 existing parties a committee of inquiry
I0HVKDWpYU4-00621-00142021-00142191 may conduct investigations and
I0HVKDWpYU4-00622-00142192-00142393 examination with the same powers and
I0HVKDWpYU4-00623-00142394-00142860 limitations as the judiciary
I0HVKDWpYU4-00624-00142861-00143031 topic the President of the Republic
I0HVKDWpYU4-00625-00143032-00143595 articles 83 to 91
I0HVKDWpYU4-00626-00143596-00143840 the President of the Republic is elected
I0HVKDWpYU4-00627-00143841-00144018 for seven years by the Parliament in
I0HVKDWpYU4-00628-00144019-00144185 joint session together with three
I0HVKDWpYU4-00629-00144186-00144377 delegates from each region except for
I0HVKDWpYU4-00630-00144378-00144585 Valle d'Aosta having one elected by the
I0HVKDWpYU4-00631-00144586-00144791 regional councils in order to ensure the
I0HVKDWpYU4-00632-00144792-00145037 representation of minorities the
I0HVKDWpYU4-00633-00145038-00145250 election is by secret ballot initially
I0HVKDWpYU4-00634-00145251-00145415 with a majority of two-thirds of the
I0HVKDWpYU4-00635-00145416-00145613 assembly while after the third ballot an
I0HVKDWpYU4-00636-00145614-00145904 absolute majority is sufficient 30 days
I0HVKDWpYU4-00637-00145905-00146054 before the end of the term of the
I0HVKDWpYU4-00638-00146055-00146232 current President of the Republic the
I0HVKDWpYU4-00639-00146233-00146387 president of the Chamber of Deputies
I0HVKDWpYU4-00640-00146388-00146556 must summon a joint session of
I0HVKDWpYU4-00641-00146557-00146745 Parliament and the regional delegates to
I0HVKDWpYU4-00642-00146746-00146935 elect the new president of the Republic
I0HVKDWpYU4-00643-00146936-00147161 during or in the three months preceding
I0HVKDWpYU4-00644-00147162-00147353 the dissolution of Parliament the
I0HVKDWpYU4-00645-00147354-00147527 election must be held within the first
I0HVKDWpYU4-00646-00147528-00147737 15 days of the first sitting of a new
I0HVKDWpYU4-00647-00147738-00148008 Parliament in the meantime the powers of
I0HVKDWpYU4-00648-00148009-00148158 the incumbent President of the Republic
I0HVKDWpYU4-00649-00148159-00148514 are extended any citizen over 50
I0HVKDWpYU4-00650-00148515-00148734 enjoying civil and political rights can
I0HVKDWpYU4-00651-00148735-00148995 be elected president those citizens who
I0HVKDWpYU4-00652-00148996-00149196 already hold any other office are barred
I0HVKDWpYU4-00653-00149197-00149370 from becoming president unless they
I0HVKDWpYU4-00654-00149371-00149549 resign their previous office once they
I0HVKDWpYU4-00655-00149550-00149820 are elected the salary and privileges of
I0HVKDWpYU4-00656-00149821-00150096 the president are established by law in
I0HVKDWpYU4-00657-00150097-00150321 all the cases in which the president is
I0HVKDWpYU4-00658-00150322-00150495 unable to perform the functions of the
I0HVKDWpYU4-00659-00150496-00150674 office these shall be performed by the
I0HVKDWpYU4-00660-00150675-00150810 president of the Senate of the Republic
I0HVKDWpYU4-00661-00150811-00151076 in the event of permanent incapacity
I0HVKDWpYU4-00662-00151077-00151335 death or resignation of the President of
I0HVKDWpYU4-00663-00151336-00151497 the Republic the president of the
I0HVKDWpYU4-00664-00151498-00151668 Chamber of Deputies must call an
I0HVKDWpYU4-00665-00151669-00151818 election of a new president of the
I0HVKDWpYU4-00666-00151819-00152031 Republic within 15 days notwithstanding
I0HVKDWpYU4-00667-00152032-00152237 the longer term envisaged during
I0HVKDWpYU4-00668-00152238-00152421 dissolution of the Parliament or in the
I0HVKDWpYU4-00669-00152422-00152629 three months preceding dissolution
I0HVKDWpYU4-00670-00152630-00152859 according to the Constitution the
I0HVKDWpYU4-00671-00152860-00153057 primary role of the president as head of
I0HVKDWpYU4-00672-00153058-00153222 the state is to represent the national
I0HVKDWpYU4-00673-00153223-00153527 unity among the powers of the president
I0HVKDWpYU4-00674-00153528-00153839 are the capacity to send messages to
I0HVKDWpYU4-00675-00153840-00154023 Parliament authorized the introduction
I0HVKDWpYU4-00676-00154024-00154158 of bills by the government and
I0HVKDWpYU4-00677-00154159-00154441 promulgate laws decrees and regulations
I0HVKDWpYU4-00678-00154442-00154652 dissolve one or both houses of
I0HVKDWpYU4-00679-00154653-00154845 parliament in consultation with their
I0HVKDWpYU4-00680-00154846-00155046 presidents except during the last six
I0HVKDWpYU4-00681-00155047-00155223 months of his term known as the semester
I0HVKDWpYU4-00682-00155224-00155481 bianco unless that period coincides at
I0HVKDWpYU4-00683-00155482-00155682 least in part with the final six months
I0HVKDWpYU4-00684-00155683-00155907 of the Parliament call a general
I0HVKDWpYU4-00685-00155908-00156132 referendum under certain circumstances
I0HVKDWpYU4-00686-00156133-00156449 established by the Constitution appoint
I0HVKDWpYU4-00687-00156450-00156657 state officials in the cases established
I0HVKDWpYU4-00688-00156658-00156791 by law
I0HVKDWpYU4-00689-00156792-00156998 a credit and receive diplomats and
I0HVKDWpYU4-00690-00156999-00157226 ratify international treaties after the
I0HVKDWpYU4-00691-00157227-00157456 parliaments authorization when required
I0HVKDWpYU4-00692-00157457-00157754 make declarations of war agreed upon by
I0HVKDWpYU4-00693-00157755-00157943 the Parliament as commander-in-chief of
I0HVKDWpYU4-00694-00157944-00158255 the Armed Forces grant pardons commute
I0HVKDWpYU4-00695-00158256-00158420 sentences and confer honorary
I0HVKDWpYU4-00696-00158421-00158588 distinctions of the Republic
I0HVKDWpYU4-00697-00158589-00158765 the president also presides over the
I0HVKDWpYU4-00698-00158766-00158957 High Council of the judiciary and the
I0HVKDWpYU4-00699-00158958-00159254 Supreme Council of defense a writ from
I0HVKDWpYU4-00700-00159255-00159431 the president cannot be valid unless
I0HVKDWpYU4-00701-00159432-00159641 signed by the proposing Minister and in
I0HVKDWpYU4-00702-00159642-00159812 order to have force of law must be
I0HVKDWpYU4-00703-00159813-00159971 countersigned by the President of the
I0HVKDWpYU4-00704-00159972-00160271 Council of Ministers the president is
I0HVKDWpYU4-00705-00160272-00160439 not responsible for the actions
I0HVKDWpYU4-00706-00160440-00160643 performed in the exercise of his duties
I0HVKDWpYU4-00707-00160644-00160868 except for high treason and violation of
I0HVKDWpYU4-00708-00160869-00161075 the Constitution for which the president
I0HVKDWpYU4-00709-00161076-00161234 can be impeached by the Parliament in
I0HVKDWpYU4-00710-00161235-00161402 joint session with an absolute majority
I0HVKDWpYU4-00711-00161403-00161759 of its members before taking office the
I0HVKDWpYU4-00712-00161760-00161882 president must take an oath of
I0HVKDWpYU4-00713-00161883-00162074 allegiance to the Republic and pledge to
I0HVKDWpYU4-00714-00162075-00162257 uphold the Constitution before the
I0HVKDWpYU4-00715-00162258-00162644 Parliament in joint session
I0HVKDWpYU4-00716-00162645-00163305 topic the government articles 92 to 100
I0HVKDWpYU4-00717-00163306-00163608 topic the Council of Ministers articles
I0HVKDWpYU4-00718-00163609-00164022 92 to 96
I0HVKDWpYU4-00719-00164023-00164220 the government of the Republic is
I0HVKDWpYU4-00720-00164221-00164409 composed of the president of the Council
I0HVKDWpYU4-00721-00164410-00164666 of Ministers and the other ministers the
I0HVKDWpYU4-00722-00164667-00164859 President of the Republic appoints the
I0HVKDWpYU4-00723-00164860-00165033 President of the Council and on his
I0HVKDWpYU4-00724-00165034-00165225 proposal the ministers that form its
I0HVKDWpYU4-00725-00165226-00165425 cabinet swearing them all in before they
I0HVKDWpYU4-00726-00165426-00165701 can take office all the appointees must
I0HVKDWpYU4-00727-00165702-00165843 receive within 10 days of the
I0HVKDWpYU4-00728-00165844-00166020 appointments the confidence of both
I0HVKDWpYU4-00729-00166021-00166175 houses for the formation of a government
I0HVKDWpYU4-00730-00166176-00166395 each house being able to grant or
I0HVKDWpYU4-00731-00166396-00166538 withdraw its confidence through a
I0HVKDWpYU4-00732-00166539-00166770 reasoned motion voted on by roll call if
I0HVKDWpYU4-00733-00166771-00167039 one or both houses vote against a bill
I0HVKDWpYU4-00734-00167040-00167228 proposed by the government this does not
I0HVKDWpYU4-00735-00167229-00167445 entail the obligation to resign however
I0HVKDWpYU4-00736-00167446-00167612 sometimes the President of the Council
I0HVKDWpYU4-00737-00167613-00167808 does attach a confidence vote to a
I0HVKDWpYU4-00738-00167809-00168000 proposal of importance according to the
I0HVKDWpYU4-00739-00168001-00168273 government if the majority coalition in
I0HVKDWpYU4-00740-00168274-00168474 one or both houses does not support the
I0HVKDWpYU4-00741-00168475-00168636 government anymore a motion of
I0HVKDWpYU4-00742-00168637-00168897 no-confidence can be presented it must
I0HVKDWpYU4-00743-00168898-00169071 be signed by at least one-tenth of the
I0HVKDWpYU4-00744-00169072-00169236 members of the house and cannot be
I0HVKDWpYU4-00745-00169237-00169425 debated earlier than three days from its
I0HVKDWpYU4-00746-00169426-00169739 presentation the primary function of the
I0HVKDWpYU4-00747-00169740-00169920 President of the Council is to conduct
I0HVKDWpYU4-00748-00169921-00170102 the general policy of the government
I0HVKDWpYU4-00749-00170103-00170358 holding responsibility for it the
I0HVKDWpYU4-00750-00170359-00170544 President of the Council ensures the
I0HVKDWpYU4-00751-00170545-00170685 coherence of political and
I0HVKDWpYU4-00752-00170686-00170907 administrative policies by promoting and
I0HVKDWpYU4-00753-00170908-00171089 co-ordinating the activities of the
I0HVKDWpYU4-00754-00171090-00171350 ministers the ministers are collectively
I0HVKDWpYU4-00755-00171351-00171558 responsible for the acts of the Council
I0HVKDWpYU4-00756-00171559-00171839 of Ministers they are also individually
I0HVKDWpYU4-00757-00171840-00172008 responsible for the acts of their own
I0HVKDWpYU4-00758-00172009-00172304 ministries the organisation of the
I0HVKDWpYU4-00759-00172305-00172506 presidency of the Council as well as the
I0HVKDWpYU4-00760-00172507-00172725 number competence and organisation of
I0HVKDWpYU4-00761-00172726-00172998 the ministries is established by law the
I0HVKDWpYU4-00762-00172999-00173172 members of the Council of Ministers
I0HVKDWpYU4-00763-00173173-00173358 even if they resign from office are
I0HVKDWpYU4-00764-00173359-00173562 subject to normal justice for crimes
I0HVKDWpYU4-00765-00173563-00173718 committed in the exercise of their
I0HVKDWpYU4-00766-00173719-00173939 duties provided authorization is given
I0HVKDWpYU4-00767-00173940-00174096 by the Senate of the Republic or the
I0HVKDWpYU4-00768-00174097-00174282 Chamber of Deputies in accordance with
I0HVKDWpYU4-00769-00174283-00174495 the norms provided by the constitutional
I0HVKDWpYU4-00770-00174496-00174830 law
I0HVKDWpYU4-00771-00174831-00175211 topic public administration articles 97
I0HVKDWpYU4-00772-00175212-00175552 to 98
I0HVKDWpYU4-00773-00175553-00175798 general government entities must ensure
I0HVKDWpYU4-00774-00175799-00175987 a balanced budget and a sustainable
I0HVKDWpYU4-00775-00175988-00176152 public debt in accordance with the
I0HVKDWpYU4-00776-00176153-00176471 European Union law the organisation of
I0HVKDWpYU4-00777-00176472-00176698 public offices is established by the law
I0HVKDWpYU4-00778-00176699-00176909 in order to ensure the efficiency and
I0HVKDWpYU4-00779-00176910-00177172 impartiality of administration the
I0HVKDWpYU4-00780-00177173-00177371 regulations of the offices laid on the
I0HVKDWpYU4-00781-00177372-00177569 areas of competence the duties and the
I0HVKDWpYU4-00782-00177570-00177784 responsibilities of the officials
I0HVKDWpYU4-00783-00177785-00178043 employment in public administration is
I0HVKDWpYU4-00784-00178044-00178174 accessed through competitive
I0HVKDWpYU4-00785-00178175-00178358 examinations except in the cases
I0HVKDWpYU4-00786-00178359-00178682 established by law civil servants are
I0HVKDWpYU4-00787-00178683-00178844 exclusively at the service of the nation
I0HVKDWpYU4-00788-00178845-00179074 if they are members of parliament they
I0HVKDWpYU4-00789-00179075-00179246 cannot be promoted in their services
I0HVKDWpYU4-00790-00179247-00179551 except through seniority limitations are
I0HVKDWpYU4-00791-00179552-00179732 established by law on the right to
I0HVKDWpYU4-00792-00179733-00179911 become members of political parties in
I0HVKDWpYU4-00793-00179912-00180058 the case of magistrates
I0HVKDWpYU4-00794-00180059-00180269 career military staff in active service
I0HVKDWpYU4-00795-00180270-00180506 law enforcement officers and overseas
I0HVKDWpYU4-00796-00180507-00181008 diplomatic and consular representatives
I0HVKDWpYU4-00797-00181009-00181368 topic auxiliary bodies articles 99 to
I0HVKDWpYU4-00798-00181369-00181688 100
I0HVKDWpYU4-00799-00181689-00181946 the National Council for economics and
I0HVKDWpYU4-00800-00181947-00182273 labor cnel is composed as set out by law
I0HVKDWpYU4-00801-00182274-00182477 of experts and representatives of the
I0HVKDWpYU4-00802-00182478-00182716 economic categories in such a proportion
I0HVKDWpYU4-00803-00182717-00182882 as to take account of their numerical
I0HVKDWpYU4-00804-00182883-00183152 and qualitative importance it serves as
I0HVKDWpYU4-00805-00183153-00183353 a consultative body for Parliament and
I0HVKDWpYU4-00806-00183354-00183503 the government on those matters and
I0HVKDWpYU4-00807-00183504-00183695 those functions attributed to it by law
I0HVKDWpYU4-00808-00183696-00183974 it can initiate legislation and may
I0HVKDWpYU4-00809-00183975-00184172 contribute to drafting economic and
I0HVKDWpYU4-00810-00184173-00184354 social legislation according to the
I0HVKDWpYU4-00811-00184355-00184538 principles and within the limitations
I0HVKDWpYU4-00812-00184539-00184862 laid out by law the Council of State is
I0HVKDWpYU4-00813-00184863-00185081 a legal administrative consultative body
I0HVKDWpYU4-00814-00185082-00185278 and it oversees the administration of
I0HVKDWpYU4-00815-00185279-00185582 justice the court of accounts exercises
I0HVKDWpYU4-00816-00185583-00185750 preventive control over the legitimacy
I0HVKDWpYU4-00817-00185751-00185996 of government measures and also ex post
I0HVKDWpYU4-00818-00185997-00186178 auditing of the administration of the
I0HVKDWpYU4-00819-00186179-00186454 state budget it participates in the
I0HVKDWpYU4-00820-00186455-00186671 cases and ways established by law in
I0HVKDWpYU4-00821-00186672-00186860 auditing the financial management of the
I0HVKDWpYU4-00822-00186861-00187052 entities receiving regular budgetary
I0HVKDWpYU4-00823-00187053-00187291 support from the state it reports
I0HVKDWpYU4-00824-00187292-00187490 directly to Parliament on the results of
I0HVKDWpYU4-00825-00187491-00187718 audits performed the line sure's the
I0HVKDWpYU4-00826-00187719-00187879 independence from the government of the
I0HVKDWpYU4-00827-00187880-00188283 two bodies and of their members
I0HVKDWpYU4-00828-00188284-00188661 topic the judicial branch articles 101
I0HVKDWpYU4-00829-00188662-00189122 to 113
I0HVKDWpYU4-00830-00189123-00189427 topic the organization of the judiciary
I0HVKDWpYU4-00831-00189428-00189995 articles 101 to 110
I0HVKDWpYU4-00832-00189996-00190292 article 101 states that justice is
I0HVKDWpYU4-00833-00190293-00190457 administered in the name of the people
I0HVKDWpYU4-00834-00190458-00190646 and that judges are subject only to the
I0HVKDWpYU4-00835-00190647-00190913 law the Constitution empowers the
I0HVKDWpYU4-00836-00190914-00191114 judiciary to nominate and regulate
I0HVKDWpYU4-00837-00191115-00191357 magistrates exercising legal proceedings
I0HVKDWpYU4-00838-00191358-00191621 establishing the judiciary as autonomous
I0HVKDWpYU4-00839-00191622-00191836 and independent of all other powers
I0HVKDWpYU4-00840-00191837-00192092 special judges are prohibited while only
I0HVKDWpYU4-00841-00192093-00192296 specialized sections for specific
I0HVKDWpYU4-00842-00192297-00192485 matters within the ordinary judicial
I0HVKDWpYU4-00843-00192486-00192665 bodies can be established and must
I0HVKDWpYU4-00844-00192666-00192872 include the participation of qualified
I0HVKDWpYU4-00845-00192873-00193034 citizens who are not members of the
I0HVKDWpYU4-00846-00193035-00193349 judiciary the provisions concerning the
I0HVKDWpYU4-00847-00193350-00193556 organization of the judiciary and the
I0HVKDWpYU4-00848-00193557-00193784 judges are established by law ensuring
I0HVKDWpYU4-00849-00193785-00193973 the independence of judges of special
I0HVKDWpYU4-00850-00193974-00194168 courts of state prosecutors of those
I0HVKDWpYU4-00851-00194169-00194312 courts and of other persons
I0HVKDWpYU4-00852-00194313-00194504 participating in the administration of
I0HVKDWpYU4-00853-00194505-00194581 justice
I0HVKDWpYU4-00854-00194582-00194852 direct participation of the people in
I0HVKDWpYU4-00855-00194853-00195041 the administration of justice is also
I0HVKDWpYU4-00856-00195042-00195374 regulated by law the Council of State
I0HVKDWpYU4-00857-00195375-00195536 and the other bodies of judicial
I0HVKDWpYU4-00858-00195537-00195728 administration have jurisdiction over
I0HVKDWpYU4-00859-00195729-00195902 the protection of legitimate rights
I0HVKDWpYU4-00860-00195903-00196109 before the public administration and in
I0HVKDWpYU4-00861-00196110-00196334 particular matters laid out by law also
I0HVKDWpYU4-00862-00196335-00196592 of subjective rights the court of
I0HVKDWpYU4-00863-00196593-00196781 accounts has jurisdiction in matters of
I0HVKDWpYU4-00864-00196782-00196967 Public Accounts and in other matters
I0HVKDWpYU4-00865-00196968-00197231 laid out by law the jurisdiction of
I0HVKDWpYU4-00866-00197232-00197450 military tribunals in times of war is
I0HVKDWpYU4-00867-00197451-00197729 established by law in times of peace
I0HVKDWpYU4-00868-00197730-00197909 they have jurisdiction only for military
I0HVKDWpYU4-00869-00197910-00198140 crimes committed by members of the Armed
I0HVKDWpYU4-00870-00198141-00198360 Forces
I0HVKDWpYU4-00871-00198361-00198576 the High Council of the judiciary is
I0HVKDWpYU4-00872-00198577-00198753 presided over by the President of the
I0HVKDWpYU4-00873-00198754-00198990 Republic 2/3 of its members are elected
I0HVKDWpYU4-00874-00198991-00199203 by all the ordinary judges belonging to
I0HVKDWpYU4-00875-00199204-00199404 the various categories and one-third are
I0HVKDWpYU4-00876-00199405-00199569 elected by Parliament in joint session
I0HVKDWpYU4-00877-00199570-00199809 from among university professors of law
I0HVKDWpYU4-00878-00199810-00200025 and lawyers with 15 years of practice
I0HVKDWpYU4-00879-00200026-00200286 its vice president is elected by the
I0HVKDWpYU4-00880-00200287-00200448 council from among those members
I0HVKDWpYU4-00881-00200449-00200709 designated by Parliament the members of
I0HVKDWpYU4-00882-00200710-00200910 the Council are elected for four years
I0HVKDWpYU4-00883-00200911-00201183 and cannot be immediately reelected they
I0HVKDWpYU4-00884-00201184-00201345 also cannot be registered in
I0HVKDWpYU4-00885-00201346-00201525 professional roles nor serve in
I0HVKDWpYU4-00886-00201526-00201705 Parliament or on a Regional Council
I0HVKDWpYU4-00887-00201706-00201800 while in office
I0HVKDWpYU4-00888-00201801-00202059 the council has jurisdiction for
I0HVKDWpYU4-00889-00202060-00202263 employment assignments and transfers
I0HVKDWpYU4-00890-00202264-00202476 promotions and disciplinary measures of
I0HVKDWpYU4-00891-00202477-00202632 judges following the regulations
I0HVKDWpYU4-00892-00202633-00202980 established by the judiciary judges are
I0HVKDWpYU4-00893-00202981-00203093 selected through competitive
I0HVKDWpYU4-00894-00203094-00203343 examinations while honorary judges for
I0HVKDWpYU4-00895-00203344-00203526 all the functions performed by single
I0HVKDWpYU4-00896-00203527-00203789 judges can be appointed also by election
I0HVKDWpYU4-00897-00203790-00204051 University professors of law and lawyers
I0HVKDWpYU4-00898-00204052-00204288 with 15 years of practice and registered
I0HVKDWpYU4-00899-00204289-00204474 in the special professional roles for
I0HVKDWpYU4-00900-00204475-00204648 the higher courts can be appointed for
I0HVKDWpYU4-00901-00204649-00204834 their outstanding merits as cassation
I0HVKDWpYU4-00902-00204835-00205044 councillors following recommendations by
I0HVKDWpYU4-00903-00205044-00205332 the council judges cannot be removed
I0HVKDWpYU4-00904-00205333-00205590 dismissed or suspended from office or
I0HVKDWpYU4-00905-00205591-00205764 assigned to other courts or functions
I0HVKDWpYU4-00906-00205765-00205953 unless by a decision of the council
I0HVKDWpYU4-00907-00205954-00206127 following the rules established by the
I0HVKDWpYU4-00908-00206128-00206319 judiciary or with the consent of the
I0HVKDWpYU4-00909-00206319-00206553 judges themselves judges are
I0HVKDWpYU4-00910-00206554-00206694 distinguished only by their different
I0HVKDWpYU4-00911-00206694-00206889 functions and the state prosecutor
I0HVKDWpYU4-00912-00206890-00207090 enjoys the guarantees established by the
I0HVKDWpYU4-00913-00207091-00207405 judiciary the legal authorities have
I0HVKDWpYU4-00914-00207406-00207657 direct use of the judicial police the
I0HVKDWpYU4-00915-00207658-00207858 minister of justice is responsible for
I0HVKDWpYU4-00916-00207859-00208044 the organization and functioning of
I0HVKDWpYU4-00917-00208044-00208257 those services involved with justice and
I0HVKDWpYU4-00918-00208258-00208458 has the power to originate disciplinary
I0HVKDWpYU4-00919-00208459-00208641 actions against judges which are then
I0HVKDWpYU4-00920-00208642-00208821 administered by the High Council of the
I0HVKDWpYU4-00921-00208821-00209129 judiciary
I0HVKDWpYU4-00922-00209130-00209528 topic rules on jurisdiction articles 111
I0HVKDWpYU4-00923-00209529-00209974 to 113
I0HVKDWpYU4-00924-00209975-00210185 jurisdiction is implemented through due
I0HVKDWpYU4-00925-00210186-00210455 process regulated by law adversary
I0HVKDWpYU4-00926-00210456-00210669 proceedings equality before the law and
I0HVKDWpYU4-00927-00210669-00210860 the impartiality of the judge are
I0HVKDWpYU4-00928-00210861-00211062 recognized for all court trials whose
I0HVKDWpYU4-00929-00211063-00211235 duration of trials is reasonably
I0HVKDWpYU4-00930-00211236-00211505 established by law the right to a fair
I0HVKDWpYU4-00931-00211506-00211721 trial is recognized with the defendant
I0HVKDWpYU4-00932-00211723-00211882 having the right to be promptly informed
I0HVKDWpYU4-00933-00211883-00212096 confidentially of the nature and reasons
I0HVKDWpYU4-00934-00212098-00212267 for the charges brought and the right to
I0HVKDWpYU4-00935-00212269-00212463 adequate time and conditions to prepare
I0HVKDWpYU4-00936-00212464-00212771 a defense the rights to direct cross and
I0HVKDWpYU4-00937-00212773-00213015 redirect examination are also recognized
I0HVKDWpYU4-00938-00213016-00213203 to both the defendant and the prosecutor
I0HVKDWpYU4-00939-00213204-00213467 the defendant has also the right to
I0HVKDWpYU4-00940-00213469-00213659 produce all other evidence in favor of
I0HVKDWpYU4-00941-00213660-00213840 the defense and to be assisted by an
I0HVKDWpYU4-00942-00213841-00214019 interpreter in the case that he or she
I0HVKDWpYU4-00943-00214021-00214191 does not speak or understand the
I0HVKDWpYU4-00944-00214192-00214328 language in which the court proceedings
I0HVKDWpYU4-00945-00214329-00214658 are conducted the formation of evidence
I0HVKDWpYU4-00946-00214659-00214853 is based on the principle of adversary
I0HVKDWpYU4-00947-00214854-00215033 hearings and the laws regulates the
I0HVKDWpYU4-00948-00215034-00215241 cases in which the formation of evidence
I0HVKDWpYU4-00949-00215242-00215394 does not occur in an adversary
I0HVKDWpYU4-00950-00215394-00215544 proceeding with the consent of the
I0HVKDWpYU4-00951-00215544-00215708 defendant or owing to reasons of
I0HVKDWpYU4-00952-00215709-00215937 ascertained objective impossibility or
I0HVKDWpYU4-00953-00215938-00216209 proven illicit conduct presumption of
I0HVKDWpYU4-00954-00216210-00216404 innocence is recognized and the guilt of
I0HVKDWpYU4-00955-00216405-00216591 the defendant cannot be established on
I0HVKDWpYU4-00956-00216592-00216785 the basis of statements by persons who
I0HVKDWpYU4-00957-00216786-00216971 by choice have always avoided cross
I0HVKDWpYU4-00958-00216973-00217160 examination by the defendant or the
I0HVKDWpYU4-00959-00217161-00217494 defense counsel all judicial decisions
I0HVKDWpYU4-00960-00217494-00217689 must include a statement of reasons and
I0HVKDWpYU4-00961-00217690-00217871 appeals to the Court of Cassation in
I0HVKDWpYU4-00962-00217873-00218060 cases of violations of the law are
I0HVKDWpYU4-00963-00218061-00218225 always allowed against sentences
I0HVKDWpYU4-00964-00218226-00218423 affecting personal freedoms pronounced
I0HVKDWpYU4-00965-00218424-00218640 by ordinary and special courts except
I0HVKDWpYU4-00966-00218641-00218834 possibly in cases of sentences by
I0HVKDWpYU4-00967-00218835-00219055 military tribunals in time of war
I0HVKDWpYU4-00968-00219056-00219242 appeals to the Court of Cassation
I0HVKDWpYU4-00969-00219244-00219452 against decisions of the Council of
I0HVKDWpYU4-00970-00219453-00219605 state and the court of accounts are
I0HVKDWpYU4-00971-00219606-00219746 permitted only for reasons of
I0HVKDWpYU4-00972-00219748-00220049 jurisdiction the public prosecutor has
I0HVKDWpYU4-00973-00220050-00220263 the obligation to institute criminal
I0HVKDWpYU4-00974-00220264-00220512 proceedings the judicial safeguarding of
I0HVKDWpYU4-00975-00220513-00220697 rights and legitimate interests before
I0HVKDWpYU4-00976-00220698-00220901 the bodies of ordinary or administrative
I0HVKDWpYU4-00977-00220902-00221121 justice is always permitted against acts
I0HVKDWpYU4-00978-00221121-00221372 of the public administration such
I0HVKDWpYU4-00979-00221373-00221585 judicial protection cannot be excluded
I0HVKDWpYU4-00980-00221586-00221828 or limited to particular kinds of appeal
I0HVKDWpYU4-00981-00221829-00222128 or for particular categories of acts the
I0HVKDWpYU4-00982-00222129-00222350 law determines which judicial bodies are
I0HVKDWpYU4-00983-00222351-00222513 empowered to annul acts of public
I0HVKDWpYU4-00984-00222514-00222710 administration in the cases and with the
I0HVKDWpYU4-00985-00222711-00222902 consequences provided for by the law
I0HVKDWpYU4-00986-00222903-00223208 itself
I0HVKDWpYU4-00987-00223209-00223542 topic regions provinces municipalities
I0HVKDWpYU4-00988-00223542-00224191 articles 114 to 133
I0HVKDWpYU4-00989-00224192-00224521 according to article 114 the Republic is
I0HVKDWpYU4-00990-00224521-00224740 composed of the municipalities communiy
I0HVKDWpYU4-00991-00224741-00224965 the provinces the metropolitan cities
I0HVKDWpYU4-00992-00224966-00225162 the regions in the state
I0HVKDWpYU4-00993-00225163-00225427 municipalities provinces metropolitan
I0HVKDWpYU4-00994-00225428-00225628 cities and regions are recognized as
I0HVKDWpYU4-00995-00225629-00225796 autonomous entities having their own
I0HVKDWpYU4-00996-00225796-00226003 statutes powers and functions in
I0HVKDWpYU4-00997-00226004-00226146 accordance with the principles of
I0HVKDWpYU4-00998-00226148-00226426 Constitution Rome is the capital of the
I0HVKDWpYU4-00999-00226427-00226651 Republic and its status is regulated by
I0HVKDWpYU4-01000-00226652-00226980 law the Constitution grants the regions
I0HVKDWpYU4-01001-00226981-00227235 of Aosta Valley friuli-venezia giulia
I0HVKDWpYU4-01002-00227236-00227542 sardinia sicily trentino-alto adige
I0HVKDWpYU4-01003-00227542-00227694 südtirol and autonomous status
I0HVKDWpYU4-01004-00227696-00227863 acknowledging their powers in relation
I0HVKDWpYU4-01005-00227864-00228117 to legislation administration and
I0HVKDWpYU4-01006-00228119-00228325 finance with a particular mention of the
I0HVKDWpYU4-01007-00228326-00228504 autonomous provinces of Trento and
I0HVKDWpYU4-01008-00228505-00228792 Bolzano Bosen the allocation of
I0HVKDWpYU4-01009-00228794-00228994 legislative powers between the state and
I0HVKDWpYU4-01010-00228994-00229153 the regions has established in
I0HVKDWpYU4-01011-00229154-00229344 compliance with the Constitution and
I0HVKDWpYU4-01012-00229346-00229492 with the constraints deriving from
I0HVKDWpYU4-01013-00229492-00229678 international treaties besides the
I0HVKDWpYU4-01014-00229679-00229842 already mentioned autonomous status
I0HVKDWpYU4-01015-00229844-00230188 granted to some regions the Constitution
I0HVKDWpYU4-01016-00230189-00230392 gives the state exclusive legislative
I0HVKDWpYU4-01017-00230392-00230698 power in matters of foreign policy and
I0HVKDWpYU4-01018-00230698-00230917 international relations in particular
I0HVKDWpYU4-01019-00230917-00231115 with the European Union immigration
I0HVKDWpYU4-01020-00231116-00231352 right of asylum legal status of non-eu
I0HVKDWpYU4-01021-00231353-00231625 citizens citizenship civil status and
I0HVKDWpYU4-01022-00231626-00231933 register offices relations between the
I0HVKDWpYU4-01023-00231934-00232184 Republic and religious denominations
I0HVKDWpYU4-01024-00232185-00232494 defense and armed forces state security
I0HVKDWpYU4-01025-00232496-00232846 armaments ammunition and explosives the
I0HVKDWpYU4-01026-00232846-00233034 currency savings protection and
I0HVKDWpYU4-01027-00233035-00233275 financial markets competition protection
I0HVKDWpYU4-01028-00233276-00233500 for an exchange system state taxation
I0HVKDWpYU4-01029-00233501-00233746 and accounting systems equalization of
I0HVKDWpYU4-01030-00233746-00233982 financial resources and harmonization of
I0HVKDWpYU4-01031-00233983-00234273 Public Accounts state bodies and
I0HVKDWpYU4-01032-00234275-00234519 relevant electoral laws state referenda
I0HVKDWpYU4-01033-00234521-00234683 elections to the European Parliament
I0HVKDWpYU4-01034-00234684-00234954 electoral legislation governing bodies
I0HVKDWpYU4-01035-00234955-00235114 and fundamental functions of the
I0HVKDWpYU4-01036-00235115-00235291 municipalities provinces and
I0HVKDWpYU4-01037-00235292-00235560 metropolitan cities legal and
I0HVKDWpYU4-01038-00235561-00235771 administrative organization of the state
I0HVKDWpYU4-01039-00235771-00236002 and of national public agencies public
I0HVKDWpYU4-01040-00236003-00236215 order and security with the exception of
I0HVKDWpYU4-01041-00236216-00236548 local administrative police jurisdiction
I0HVKDWpYU4-01042-00236548-00236730 and procedural law civil and criminal
I0HVKDWpYU4-01043-00236731-00237051 law administrative judicial system
I0HVKDWpYU4-01044-00237052-00237262 determination of the basic level of
I0HVKDWpYU4-01045-00237263-00237444 benefits relating to civil and social
I0HVKDWpYU4-01046-00237444-00237577 entitlements to be
I0HVKDWpYU4-01047-00237578-00237709 guaranteed throughout the national
I0HVKDWpYU4-01048-00237710-00237894 territory general provisions on
I0HVKDWpYU4-01049-00237896-00238141 education social security customs
I0HVKDWpYU4-01050-00238142-00238342 protection of national borders and
I0HVKDWpYU4-01051-00238342-00238636 international prophylaxis weights and
I0HVKDWpYU4-01052-00238637-00238867 measures standard time statistical and
I0HVKDWpYU4-01053-00238867-00239086 computerized coordination of data of
I0HVKDWpYU4-01054-00239087-00239311 state regional and local administrations
I0HVKDWpYU4-01055-00239312-00239512 works of the intellect protection of the
I0HVKDWpYU4-01056-00239513-00239725 environment the ecosystem and cultural
I0HVKDWpYU4-01057-00239726-00240025 heritage concurring legislation applies
I0HVKDWpYU4-01058-00240026-00240187 to the following subject matters
I0HVKDWpYU4-01059-00240188-00240412 international and EU relations of the
I0HVKDWpYU4-01060-00240413-00240658 regions foreign trade job protection and
I0HVKDWpYU4-01061-00240659-00240925 safety education subject to the autonomy
I0HVKDWpYU4-01062-00240926-00241144 of educational institutions and with the
I0HVKDWpYU4-01063-00241144-00241348 exception of vocational education and
I0HVKDWpYU4-01064-00241348-00241576 training professions scientific and
I0HVKDWpYU4-01065-00241577-00241777 technological research and innovation
I0HVKDWpYU4-01066-00241778-00241975 support for productive sectors health
I0HVKDWpYU4-01067-00241976-00242244 protection nutrition sports disaster
I0HVKDWpYU4-01068-00242246-00242389 relief land-use planning
I0HVKDWpYU4-01069-00242390-00242644 civil ports and airports large transport
I0HVKDWpYU4-01070-00242644-00242863 and navigation networks communications
I0HVKDWpYU4-01071-00242864-00243091 national production transport and
I0HVKDWpYU4-01072-00243092-00243316 distribution of energy complementary and
I0HVKDWpYU4-01073-00243317-00243496 supplementary Social Security
I0HVKDWpYU4-01074-00243496-00243717 coordination of public finance and
I0HVKDWpYU4-01075-00243719-00243955 taxation system enhancement of cultural
I0HVKDWpYU4-01076-00243956-00244167 and environmental properties including
I0HVKDWpYU4-01077-00244169-00244333 the promotion and organization of
I0HVKDWpYU4-01078-00244334-00244591 cultural activities savings banks rural
I0HVKDWpYU4-01079-00244592-00244801 banks regional credit institutions
I0HVKDWpYU4-01080-00244802-00245019 regional land and agricultural credit
I0HVKDWpYU4-01081-00245021-00245281 institutions in the subject matters
I0HVKDWpYU4-01082-00245282-00245458 covered by concurring legislation
I0HVKDWpYU4-01083-00245459-00245665 legislative powers are vested in the
I0HVKDWpYU4-01084-00245666-00245869 Regents except for the determination of
I0HVKDWpYU4-01085-00245869-00246040 the fundamental principles which are
I0HVKDWpYU4-01086-00246041-00246319 laid down in state legislation the
I0HVKDWpYU4-01087-00246319-00246523 regions have legislative powers in all
I0HVKDWpYU4-01088-00246523-00246751 subject matters not expressly covered by
I0HVKDWpYU4-01089-00246752-00247006 state legislation the regions and the
I0HVKDWpYU4-01090-00247007-00247198 autonomous provinces of Trent and
I0HVKDWpYU4-01091-00247198-00247405 Bolzano take part in preparatory
I0HVKDWpYU4-01092-00247406-00247600 decision-making process of EU
I0HVKDWpYU4-01093-00247601-00247813 legislative acts in the areas that fall
I0HVKDWpYU4-01094-00247814-00247990 within their responsibilities and are
I0HVKDWpYU4-01095-00247991-00248134 also responsible for the implementation
I0HVKDWpYU4-01096-00248135-00248407 of international agreements and European
I0HVKDWpYU4-01097-00248408-00248596 measures in the limits established by
I0HVKDWpYU4-01098-00248596-00248932 the law regulatory powers is vested in
I0HVKDWpYU4-01099-00248933-00249106 the state with respect to the subject
I0HVKDWpYU4-01100-00249107-00249346 matters of exclusive legislation subject
I0HVKDWpYU4-01101-00249346-00249559 to any delegations of such powers to the
I0HVKDWpYU4-01102-00249560-00249871 regions regulatory powers are vested in
I0HVKDWpYU4-01103-00249871-00250142 the regions in all other subject matters
I0HVKDWpYU4-01104-00250144-00250339 municipalities provinces and
I0HVKDWpYU4-01105-00250340-00250519 metropolitan cities have regulatory
I0HVKDWpYU4-01106-00250519-00250714 powers for the organization and
I0HVKDWpYU4-01107-00250715-00250864 implementation of the functions
I0HVKDWpYU4-01108-00250865-00250967 attributed to them
I0HVKDWpYU4-01109-00250967-00251255 regional laws must remove any obstacle
I0HVKDWpYU4-01110-00251256-00251462 to the full equality of men and women in
I0HVKDWpYU4-01111-00251463-00251687 social cultural and economic life and
I0HVKDWpYU4-01112-00251688-00251903 promote equal access to elected offices
I0HVKDWpYU4-01113-00251904-00252137 for men and women agreements between
I0HVKDWpYU4-01114-00252138-00252302 regions aiming at improving the
I0HVKDWpYU4-01115-00252303-00252500 performance of regional functions and
I0HVKDWpYU4-01116-00252501-00252713 possibly envisaging the establishment of
I0HVKDWpYU4-01117-00252714-00252871 joint bodies shall be ratified by
I0HVKDWpYU4-01118-00252873-00253175 regional law in the areas falling within
I0HVKDWpYU4-01119-00253176-00253382 their responsibilities regions can enter
I0HVKDWpYU4-01120-00253383-00253573 into agreements with foreign states and
I0HVKDWpYU4-01121-00253575-00253763 local authorities of other states in the
I0HVKDWpYU4-01122-00253764-00253942 cases and according to the forms laid
I0HVKDWpYU4-01123-00253944-00254204 down by state legislation the
I0HVKDWpYU4-01124-00254205-00254369 administrative functions that are not
I0HVKDWpYU4-01125-00254369-00254612 attributed to the provinces metropolitan
I0HVKDWpYU4-01126-00254613-00254821 cities and regions or to the state are
I0HVKDWpYU4-01127-00254823-00254984 attributed to the municipalities
I0HVKDWpYU4-01128-00254985-00255219 following the principles of subsidiarity
I0HVKDWpYU4-01129-00255221-00255458 differentiation and proportionality to
I0HVKDWpYU4-01130-00255459-00255703 ensure their uniform implementation
I0HVKDWpYU4-01131-00255704-00255892 municipalities provinces and
I0HVKDWpYU4-01132-00255894-00256076 metropolitan cities also have
I0HVKDWpYU4-01133-00256077-00256273 administrative functions of their own as
I0HVKDWpYU4-01134-00256275-00256444 well as the functions assigned to them
I0HVKDWpYU4-01135-00256446-00256658 by state or by regional legislation
I0HVKDWpYU4-01136-00256659-00256753 according to their respective
I0HVKDWpYU4-01137-00256754-00257090 competences state legislation provides
I0HVKDWpYU4-01138-00257091-00257306 for coordinated action between the state
I0HVKDWpYU4-01139-00257307-00257492 and the regions in the subject of common
I0HVKDWpYU4-01140-00257492-00257729 competence the state regions
I0HVKDWpYU4-01141-00257730-00257960 metropolitan cities provinces and
I0HVKDWpYU4-01142-00257961-00258148 municipalities also promote the
I0HVKDWpYU4-01143-00258150-00258359 autonomous initiatives of citizens both
I0HVKDWpYU4-01144-00258360-00258530 as individuals and as members of
I0HVKDWpYU4-01145-00258531-00258773 associations relating to activities of
I0HVKDWpYU4-01146-00258773-00258953 general interest on the basis of the
I0HVKDWpYU4-01147-00258954-00259248 principle of subsidiarity
I0HVKDWpYU4-01148-00259248-00259503 the Constitution grants municipalities
I0HVKDWpYU4-01149-00259504-00259737 provinces metropolitan cities and
I0HVKDWpYU4-01150-00259738-00259934 regions to have revenue and expenditure
I0HVKDWpYU4-01151-00259935-00260117 autonomy although subjected to the
I0HVKDWpYU4-01152-00260119-00260321 obligation of a balanced budget and in
I0HVKDWpYU4-01153-00260323-00260517 compliance with the European Union law
I0HVKDWpYU4-01154-00260517-00260706 as well as independent financial
I0HVKDWpYU4-01155-00260707-00260952 resources setting and levying taxes and
I0HVKDWpYU4-01156-00260953-00261092 collect revenues of their own in
I0HVKDWpYU4-01157-00261094-00261294 compliance with the Constitution and
I0HVKDWpYU4-01158-00261294-00261423 according to the principles of
I0HVKDWpYU4-01159-00261423-00261635 coordination of state finances in the
I0HVKDWpYU4-01160-00261636-00261807 tax system and sharing in the tax
I0HVKDWpYU4-01161-00261808-00261983 revenues related to their respective
I0HVKDWpYU4-01162-00261984-00262283 territories state legislation provides
I0HVKDWpYU4-01163-00262284-00262464 for an equalization fund for the
I0HVKDWpYU4-01164-00262465-00262623 territories having lower per capita
I0HVKDWpYU4-01165-00262624-00262958 taxable capacity revenues raised from
I0HVKDWpYU4-01166-00262959-00263147 the above mentioned sources shall enable
I0HVKDWpYU4-01167-00263148-00263408 municipalities provinces metropolitan
I0HVKDWpYU4-01168-00263409-00263628 cities and regions to fully finance the
I0HVKDWpYU4-01169-00263629-00263880 public functions attributed to them the
I0HVKDWpYU4-01170-00263881-00264063 state allocates supplementary resources
I0HVKDWpYU4-01171-00264064-00264327 and adopt special measures in favor of
I0HVKDWpYU4-01172-00264328-00264543 specific municipalities provinces
I0HVKDWpYU4-01173-00264544-00264753 metropolitan cities and regions to
I0HVKDWpYU4-01174-00264754-00264959 promote economic development along with
I0HVKDWpYU4-01175-00264960-00265200 social cohesion and solidarity to reduce
I0HVKDWpYU4-01176-00265201-00265464 economic and social imbalances to foster
I0HVKDWpYU4-01177-00265465-00265656 the exercise of the rights of the person
I0HVKDWpYU4-01178-00265657-00265808 or to achieve goals other than those
I0HVKDWpYU4-01179-00265809-00266016 pursued in the ordinary implementation
I0HVKDWpYU4-01180-00266017-00266298 of their functions the Constitution
I0HVKDWpYU4-01181-00266299-00266505 grants municipalities provinces
I0HVKDWpYU4-01182-00266506-00266732 metropolitan cities and regions to have
I0HVKDWpYU4-01183-00266733-00266919 their own properties allocated to them
I0HVKDWpYU4-01184-00266920-00267114 pursuant to general principles laid down
I0HVKDWpYU4-01185-00267115-00267407 in state legislation indebtedness is
I0HVKDWpYU4-01186-00267408-00267567 allowed only as a means of funding
I0HVKDWpYU4-01187-00267568-00267720 investments with the concomitant
I0HVKDWpYU4-01188-00267721-00267969 adoption of amortization plans and on
I0HVKDWpYU4-01189-00267970-00268140 the condition of a balanced budget for
I0HVKDWpYU4-01190-00268141-00268353 all authorities of each region taken as
I0HVKDWpYU4-01191-00268354-00268607 a whole state guarantees on loans
I0HVKDWpYU4-01192-00268608-00268767 contracted for this purpose are
I0HVKDWpYU4-01193-00268768-00269091 prohibited import-export or transit
I0HVKDWpYU4-01194-00269092-00269309 taxes between regions are not permitted
I0HVKDWpYU4-01195-00269310-00269483 and the freedom of movement of persons
I0HVKDWpYU4-01196-00269484-00269694 or goods between regions is protected as
I0HVKDWpYU4-01197-00269695-00269882 well as the right of citizens to work in
I0HVKDWpYU4-01198-00269883-00270063 any part whatsoever of the national
I0HVKDWpYU4-01199-00270064-00270315 territory the government can intervene
I0HVKDWpYU4-01200-00270316-00270537 for bodies of the region's metropolitan
I0HVKDWpYU4-01201-00270538-00270789 cities provinces and municipalities if
I0HVKDWpYU4-01202-00270790-00270930 the latter fail to comply with
I0HVKDWpYU4-01203-00270931-00271137 international rules and treaties or EU
I0HVKDWpYU4-01204-00271138-00271344 legislation or in the case of grave
I0HVKDWpYU4-01205-00271345-00271583 danger for public safety and security or
I0HVKDWpYU4-01206-00271584-00271791 when necessary to preserve legal or
I0HVKDWpYU4-01207-00271792-00271985 economic unity and in particular to
I0HVKDWpYU4-01208-00271986-00272193 guarantee the basic level of benefits
I0HVKDWpYU4-01209-00272194-00272315 relating to civil and social
I0HVKDWpYU4-01210-00272316-00272499 entitlements regardless of the
I0HVKDWpYU4-01211-00272500-00272613 geographic borders
I0HVKDWpYU4-01212-00272614-00272885 local authorities the law lays down the
I0HVKDWpYU4-01213-00272886-00273080 procedures to ensure that subsidiary
I0HVKDWpYU4-01214-00273081-00273291 powers are exercised in compliance with
I0HVKDWpYU4-01215-00273292-00273513 the principles of subsidiarity and loyal
I0HVKDWpYU4-01216-00273514-00273860 cooperation the Constitution establishes
I0HVKDWpYU4-01217-00273861-00274031 the bodies of each region as the
I0HVKDWpYU4-01218-00274032-00274200 Regional Council the Regional Executive
I0HVKDWpYU4-01219-00274201-00274487 and its president the Regional Council
I0HVKDWpYU4-01220-00274488-00274709 exercises the legislative powers
I0HVKDWpYU4-01221-00274710-00274899 attributed to the region as well as the
I0HVKDWpYU4-01222-00274900-00275033 other functions granted by the
I0HVKDWpYU4-01223-00275034-00275244 Constitution and the laws among which
I0HVKDWpYU4-01224-00275245-00275472 also the possibility to submit bills to
I0HVKDWpYU4-01225-00275473-00275693 Parliament the Regional Executive
I0HVKDWpYU4-01226-00275694-00275940 exercises the executive powers in the
I0HVKDWpYU4-01227-00275941-00276072 region and the president of the
I0HVKDWpYU4-01228-00276073-00276312 executive represents the region directs
I0HVKDWpYU4-01229-00276313-00276525 the policymaking of the executive and is
I0HVKDWpYU4-01230-00276526-00276762 responsible for it promulgates laws and
I0HVKDWpYU4-01231-00276763-00276942 regional statutes directs the
I0HVKDWpYU4-01232-00276943-00277143 administrative functions delegated to
I0HVKDWpYU4-01233-00277144-00277331 the region by the state in conformity
I0HVKDWpYU4-01234-00277332-00277484 with the instructions of the government
I0HVKDWpYU4-01235-00277485-00277757 the electoral system and limits to the
I0HVKDWpYU4-01236-00277758-00277952 eligibility and compatibility of the
I0HVKDWpYU4-01237-00277953-00278124 president the other members of the
I0HVKDWpYU4-01238-00278125-00278298 regional executive and the regional
I0HVKDWpYU4-01239-00278299-00278510 councillors is established by a regional
I0HVKDWpYU4-01240-00278511-00278675 law in accordance with the law of the
I0HVKDWpYU4-01241-00278676-00278895 Republic which also establishes the term
I0HVKDWpYU4-01242-00278896-00279195 of elective offices no one can belong at
I0HVKDWpYU4-01243-00279196-00279407 the same time to a Regional Council or
I0HVKDWpYU4-01244-00279408-00279597 to a regional executive and to either
I0HVKDWpYU4-01245-00279598-00279789 house of parliament another Regional
I0HVKDWpYU4-01246-00279790-00280065 Council or the European Parliament the
I0HVKDWpYU4-01247-00280066-00280266 council elects a president and a bureau
I0HVKDWpYU4-01248-00280267-00280515 from amongst its members regional
I0HVKDWpYU4-01249-00280516-00280695 councillors are not accountable for the
I0HVKDWpYU4-01250-00280696-00280910 opinions expressed in votes cast in the
I0HVKDWpYU4-01251-00280911-00281139 exercise of their functions the
I0HVKDWpYU4-01252-00281140-00281346 president of the Regional Executive are
I0HVKDWpYU4-01253-00281347-00281574 elected by universal and direct suffrage
I0HVKDWpYU4-01254-00281575-00281766 unless the regional statute provides
I0HVKDWpYU4-01255-00281767-00282035 otherwise the elected president can
I0HVKDWpYU4-01256-00282036-00282206 appoint and dismiss the members of the
I0HVKDWpYU4-01257-00282207-00282519 executive the statute of each region in
I0HVKDWpYU4-01258-00282520-00282728 compliance with the Constitution lays
I0HVKDWpYU4-01259-00282729-00282915 down the form of government and basic
I0HVKDWpYU4-01260-00282916-00283100 principles for the organization of the
I0HVKDWpYU4-01261-00283101-00283274 region and the conduct of its business
I0HVKDWpYU4-01262-00283275-00283553 the statute also regulate the right to
I0HVKDWpYU4-01263-00283554-00283733 initiate legislation and promote
I0HVKDWpYU4-01264-00283734-00283880 referenda on the laws and administrative
I0HVKDWpYU4-01265-00283881-00284105 measures of the region as well as the
I0HVKDWpYU4-01266-00284106-00284292 publication of laws and of regional
I0HVKDWpYU4-01267-00284293-00284582 regulations Regional Council can adopt
I0HVKDWpYU4-01268-00284583-00284774 or amend with a law approved by an
I0HVKDWpYU4-01269-00284775-00284981 absolute majority of its members with
I0HVKDWpYU4-01270-00284982-00285165 two subsequent deliberations at an
I0HVKDWpYU4-01271-00285166-00285359 interval of not less than two months and
I0HVKDWpYU4-01272-00285360-00285519 not requiring the approval of the
I0HVKDWpYU4-01273-00285520-00285680 government commissioner
I0HVKDWpYU4-01274-00285681-00285848 the government can challenge the
I0HVKDWpYU4-01275-00285849-00286028 constitutional legitimacy of the
I0HVKDWpYU4-01276-00286029-00286244 regional statutes to the Constitutional
I0HVKDWpYU4-01277-00286245-00286388 Court within 30 days of their
I0HVKDWpYU4-01278-00286389-00286673 publication the statute can be submitted
I0HVKDWpYU4-01279-00286674-00286910 to popular referendum if 150th of the
I0HVKDWpYU4-01280-00286911-00287102 electors of the region or one-fifth of
I0HVKDWpYU4-01281-00287103-00287282 the members of the Regional Council's to
I0HVKDWpYU4-01282-00287283-00287447 request within three months from its
I0HVKDWpYU4-01283-00287448-00287687 publication the statute that is
I0HVKDWpYU4-01284-00287688-00287837 submitted to referendum is not
I0HVKDWpYU4-01285-00287838-00288026 promulgated if it is not approved by the
I0HVKDWpYU4-01286-00288027-00288305 majority of valid votes in each region
I0HVKDWpYU4-01287-00288306-00288539 statutes regulate the activity of the
I0HVKDWpYU4-01288-00288540-00288713 counsel of local authorities as a
I0HVKDWpYU4-01289-00288714-00288920 consultative body on relations between
I0HVKDWpYU4-01290-00288921-00289214 the regions and local authorities the
I0HVKDWpYU4-01291-00289215-00289427 Constitution's allows administrative
I0HVKDWpYU4-01292-00289428-00289613 tribunals of the first instance in the
I0HVKDWpYU4-01293-00289614-00289802 region in accordance with the law with
I0HVKDWpYU4-01294-00289803-00289970 sections which can be established in
I0HVKDWpYU4-01295-00289971-00290170 places other than the regional capital
I0HVKDWpYU4-01296-00290171-00290414 the president of the republic as
I0HVKDWpYU4-01297-00290415-00290603 protector of the constitution can
I0HVKDWpYU4-01298-00290604-00290798 dissolve regional councils and remove
I0HVKDWpYU4-01299-00290799-00290966 the president of the executive with a
I0HVKDWpYU4-01300-00290967-00291173 reasoned decree in the case of acts in
I0HVKDWpYU4-01301-00291174-00291386 contrast with the constitution or grave
I0HVKDWpYU4-01302-00291387-00291596 violations of the law or also for
I0HVKDWpYU4-01303-00291597-00291767 reasons of national security
I0HVKDWpYU4-01304-00291768-00291986 such decree is adopted after
I0HVKDWpYU4-01305-00291987-00292151 consultation with a committee of
I0HVKDWpYU4-01306-00292152-00292337 deputies and senators for regional
I0HVKDWpYU4-01307-00292338-00292499 affairs which is set up in the manner
I0HVKDWpYU4-01308-00292500-00292787 established by the law the president of
I0HVKDWpYU4-01309-00292788-00292961 the executive can also be removed
I0HVKDWpYU4-01310-00292962-00293147 through a motion of no-confidence by the
I0HVKDWpYU4-01311-00293148-00293354 Regional Council that is undersigned by
I0HVKDWpYU4-01312-00293355-00293540 at least one fifth of its members and
I0HVKDWpYU4-01313-00293541-00293714 adopted by roll call vote with an
I0HVKDWpYU4-01314-00293715-00293999 absolute majority of members the motion
I0HVKDWpYU4-01315-00294000-00294221 cannot be debated before three days have
I0HVKDWpYU4-01316-00294222-00294458 elapsed since its introduction the
I0HVKDWpYU4-01317-00294459-00294614 adoption of a no-confidence motion
I0HVKDWpYU4-01318-00294615-00294824 against a president of the executive
I0HVKDWpYU4-01319-00294825-00295058 elected by universal and direct suffrage
I0HVKDWpYU4-01320-00295059-00295250 and the removal permanent inability
I0HVKDWpYU4-01321-00295251-00295472 death or voluntary resignation of the
I0HVKDWpYU4-01322-00295473-00295649 president of the executive until the
I0HVKDWpYU4-01323-00295650-00295826 resignation of the executive and the
I0HVKDWpYU4-01324-00295827-00296066 dissolution of the council the same
I0HVKDWpYU4-01325-00296067-00296248 effects are produced by the simultaneous
I0HVKDWpYU4-01326-00296249-00296447 resignation of the majority of the
I0HVKDWpYU4-01327-00296448-00296711 council members the government can
I0HVKDWpYU4-01328-00296712-00296873 challenge the constitutional legitimacy
I0HVKDWpYU4-01329-00296874-00297068 of a regional law before the
I0HVKDWpYU4-01330-00297069-00297263 Constitutional Court within sixty days
I0HVKDWpYU4-01331-00297264-00297473 from its publication when it deems that
I0HVKDWpYU4-01332-00297474-00297671 the regional law exceeds the competence
I0HVKDWpYU4-01333-00297672-00297818 of the region while a region can
I0HVKDWpYU4-01334-00297819-00297980 challenge the constitutional legitimacy
I0HVKDWpYU4-01335-00297981-00298229 of a state or regional law before the
I0HVKDWpYU4-01336-00298230-00298421 Constitutional Court within sixty days
I0HVKDWpYU4-01337-00298422-00298637 from its publication when it deems that
I0HVKDWpYU4-01338-00298638-00298917 said law infringes upon its competence
I0HVKDWpYU4-01339-00298918-00299606 articles 115 124 128 129 130 have been
I0HVKDWpYU4-01340-00299607-00299777 repealed and therefore have not been
I0HVKDWpYU4-01341-00299778-00299964 discussed
I0HVKDWpYU4-01342-00299965-00300303 article 131 establishes the following
I0HVKDWpYU4-01343-00300304-00300516 regions Piedmont Valle d'Aosta
I0HVKDWpYU4-01344-00300517-00300789 Lombardi trentino-alto Adige Veneto
I0HVKDWpYU4-01345-00300790-00301092 friuli-venezia giulia Liguria Emilia
I0HVKDWpYU4-01346-00301093-00301392 Romagna Tuscany Umbria Marc a lot co
I0HVKDWpYU4-01347-00301393-00301683 Abruzzi meliza Campania Apulia
I0HVKDWpYU4-01348-00301684-00301857 Basilicata Calabria
I0HVKDWpYU4-01349-00301858-00302175 Sicily and Sardinia by a constitutional
I0HVKDWpYU4-01350-00302176-00302397 law after consultation with the regional
I0HVKDWpYU4-01351-00302398-00302586 councils a merger between existing
I0HVKDWpYU4-01352-00302587-00302808 regions are the creation of new regions
I0HVKDWpYU4-01353-00302809-00302952 having a minimum of 1 million
I0HVKDWpYU4-01354-00302953-00303153 inhabitants can be granted when such
I0HVKDWpYU4-01355-00303154-00303333 request has been made by a number of
I0HVKDWpYU4-01356-00303334-00303555 municipal councils representing not less
I0HVKDWpYU4-01357-00303556-00303792 than 1/3 of the populations involved and
I0HVKDWpYU4-01358-00303793-00303942 the request has been approved by
I0HVKDWpYU4-01359-00303943-00304113 referendum by a majority of said
I0HVKDWpYU4-01360-00304114-00304359 populations the provinces and
I0HVKDWpYU4-01361-00304360-00304551 municipalities which request to be
I0HVKDWpYU4-01362-00304552-00304758 detached from a region and incorporated
I0HVKDWpYU4-01363-00304759-00304926 in another may be allowed to do so
I0HVKDWpYU4-01364-00304927-00305127 following a referendum and a law of the
I0HVKDWpYU4-01365-00305128-00305322 Republic which obtains the majority of
I0HVKDWpYU4-01366-00305323-00305502 the populations of the province or
I0HVKDWpYU4-01367-00305503-00305691 provinces and of the municipality or
I0HVKDWpYU4-01368-00305692-00305895 municipalities concerned and after
I0HVKDWpYU4-01369-00305896-00306080 having heard the Regional Council's
I0HVKDWpYU4-01370-00306081-00306336 changes in provincial boundaries and the
I0HVKDWpYU4-01371-00306337-00306537 institution of new provinces within a
I0HVKDWpYU4-01372-00306538-00306726 region are regulated by the laws of the
I0HVKDWpYU4-01373-00306727-00306879 Republic on the initiative of the
I0HVKDWpYU4-01374-00306880-00307098 municipalities after consultation with
I0HVKDWpYU4-01375-00307099-00307401 the region the region after consultation
I0HVKDWpYU4-01376-00307402-00307572 with the populations involved can
I0HVKDWpYU4-01377-00307573-00307728 establish through its laws new
I0HVKDWpYU4-01378-00307729-00307905 municipalities within its own territory
I0HVKDWpYU4-01379-00307906-00308383 and modify their districts and names
I0HVKDWpYU4-01380-00308384-00308736 topic constitutional guarantees articles
I0HVKDWpYU4-01381-00308737-00309293 134 to 139
I0HVKDWpYU4-01382-00309294-00309622 topic the Constitutional Court articles
I0HVKDWpYU4-01383-00309623-00310167 134 to 137
I0HVKDWpYU4-01384-00310168-00310443 article 134 states that the
I0HVKDWpYU4-01385-00310444-00310611 Constitutional Court shall pass judgment
I0HVKDWpYU4-01386-00310612-00310974 on controversies on the constitutional
I0HVKDWpYU4-01387-00310975-00311205 legitimacy of laws and enactments having
I0HVKDWpYU4-01388-00311206-00311391 force of law issued by the state and
I0HVKDWpYU4-01389-00311392-00311664 regions conflicts arising from
I0HVKDWpYU4-01390-00311665-00311868 allocation of powers of the state and
I0HVKDWpYU4-01391-00311869-00312054 those powers allocated to state and
I0HVKDWpYU4-01392-00312055-00312363 regions and between regions charges
I0HVKDWpYU4-01393-00312364-00312504 brought against the President of the
I0HVKDWpYU4-01394-00312505-00312705 Republic in the ministers according to
I0HVKDWpYU4-01395-00312706-00312894 the provisions of the Constitution the
I0HVKDWpYU4-01396-00312895-00313101 Constitutional Court is composed of 15
I0HVKDWpYU4-01397-00313102-00313299 judges a third nominated by the
I0HVKDWpYU4-01398-00313300-00313518 president a third by Parliament in joint
I0HVKDWpYU4-01399-00313519-00313701 sitting and a third by the ordinary and
I0HVKDWpYU4-01400-00313702-00313947 administrative Supreme Court's the
I0HVKDWpYU4-01401-00313948-00314139 judges of the Constitutional Court's
I0HVKDWpYU4-01402-00314140-00314316 must be chosen from among judges
I0HVKDWpYU4-01403-00314317-00314550 including those retired of the ordinary
I0HVKDWpYU4-01404-00314551-00314715 and administrative higher courts
I0HVKDWpYU4-01405-00314716-00314955 university professors of law and lawyers
I0HVKDWpYU4-01406-00314956-00315146 with at least twenty years practice
I0HVKDWpYU4-01407-00315147-00315405 judges of the Constitutional Court are
I0HVKDWpYU4-01408-00315406-00315591 appointed for nine years beginning in
I0HVKDWpYU4-01409-00315592-00315720 each case from the day of their
I0HVKDWpYU4-01410-00315721-00315864 swearing-in and they cannot be
I0HVKDWpYU4-01411-00315865-00316122 reappointed at the expiration of their
I0HVKDWpYU4-01412-00316123-00316323 term the constitutional judges must
I0HVKDWpYU4-01413-00316324-00316509 leave office and the exercise of the
I0HVKDWpYU4-01414-00316510-00316785 functions thereof the president of the
I0HVKDWpYU4-01415-00316786-00316965 court is elected for three years and
I0HVKDWpYU4-01416-00316966-00317160 with the possibility of re-election from
I0HVKDWpYU4-01417-00317161-00317343 among its members in accordance with the
I0HVKDWpYU4-01418-00317344-00317538 law and respecting in all cases the
I0HVKDWpYU4-01419-00317539-00317763 expiry term for constitutional judges
I0HVKDWpYU4-01420-00317764-00318057 the office of constitutional judge is
I0HVKDWpYU4-01421-00318058-00318216 incompatible with membership of
I0HVKDWpYU4-01422-00318217-00318414 Parliament of a Regional Council the
I0HVKDWpYU4-01423-00318415-00318585 practice of the legal profession and
I0HVKDWpYU4-01424-00318586-00318735 with every appointment and office
I0HVKDWpYU4-01425-00318736-00318993 indicated by law in impeachment
I0HVKDWpYU4-01426-00318994-00319167 procedures against the President of the
I0HVKDWpYU4-01427-00319168-00319359 Republic in addition to the ordinary
I0HVKDWpYU4-01428-00319360-00319539 judges of the court there must also be
I0HVKDWpYU4-01429-00319540-00319785 sixteen members chosen by lot from among
I0HVKDWpYU4-01430-00319786-00319935 a list of citizens having the
I0HVKDWpYU4-01431-00319936-00320157 qualification necessary for election to
I0HVKDWpYU4-01432-00320158-00320334 the Senate which the Parliament prepares
I0HVKDWpYU4-01433-00320335-00320520 every nine years through election using
I0HVKDWpYU4-01434-00320521-00320703 the same procedures as those followed in
I0HVKDWpYU4-01435-00320704-00321003 appointing ordinary judges when a law is
I0HVKDWpYU4-01436-00321004-00321228 declared unconstitutional by the court
I0HVKDWpYU4-01437-00321229-00321408 the law ceases to have effect the day
I0HVKDWpYU4-01438-00321409-00321561 following the publication of the
I0HVKDWpYU4-01439-00321562-00321831 decision the decision of the court must
I0HVKDWpYU4-01440-00321832-00322005 be published and communicated to
I0HVKDWpYU4-01441-00322006-00322176 Parliament and the Regional Council's
I0HVKDWpYU4-01442-00322177-00322368 concerned so that wherever they deem it
I0HVKDWpYU4-01443-00322369-00322533 necessary they shall act in conformity
I0HVKDWpYU4-01444-00322534-00322814 with constitutional procedures a
I0HVKDWpYU4-01445-00322815-00323031 constitutional law establishes the
I0HVKDWpYU4-01446-00323032-00323271 conditions forms terms for proposing
I0HVKDWpYU4-01447-00323272-00323442 judgments on constitutional legitimacy
I0HVKDWpYU4-01448-00323443-00323538 and
I0HVKDWpYU4-01449-00323539-00323678 guarantees on the independence of
I0HVKDWpYU4-01450-00323679-00323954 constitutional judges ordinary laws
I0HVKDWpYU4-01451-00323955-00324131 establishes the other provisions
I0HVKDWpYU4-01452-00324132-00324339 necessary for the Constitution and the
I0HVKDWpYU4-01453-00324340-00324597 functioning of the court no appeals are
I0HVKDWpYU4-01454-00324598-00324747 allowed against the decision of the
I0HVKDWpYU4-01455-00324748-00325180 Constitutional Court
I0HVKDWpYU4-01456-00325181-00325383 amendments to the Constitution
I0HVKDWpYU4-01457-00325384-00326115 constitutional laws articles 138 to 139
I0HVKDWpYU4-01458-00326116-00326401 laws amending the Constitution and other
I0HVKDWpYU4-01459-00326402-00326641 constitutional laws must be adopted by
I0HVKDWpYU4-01460-00326642-00326845 each house after two successive debates
I0HVKDWpYU4-01461-00326846-00327004 at intervals of not less than three
I0HVKDWpYU4-01462-00327005-00327187 months and must be approved by an
I0HVKDWpYU4-01463-00327188-00327373 absolute majority of the members of each
I0HVKDWpYU4-01464-00327374-00327664 house in the second voting said laws are
I0HVKDWpYU4-01465-00327665-00327862 submitted to a popular referendum when
I0HVKDWpYU4-01466-00327863-00328054 within three months of their publication
I0HVKDWpYU4-01467-00328055-00328270 such request is made by one-fifth of the
I0HVKDWpYU4-01468-00328271-00328537 members of a house or 500,000 voters or
I0HVKDWpYU4-01469-00328538-00328831 five regional councils the law submitted
I0HVKDWpYU4-01470-00328832-00329044 to referendum cannot be promulgated if
I0HVKDWpYU4-01471-00329045-00329236 not approved by a majority of valid
I0HVKDWpYU4-01472-00329237-00329521 votes a referendum is not to be held if
I0HVKDWpYU4-01473-00329522-00329698 the law has been approved in the second
I0HVKDWpYU4-01474-00329699-00329851 voting by each of the houses by a
I0HVKDWpYU4-01475-00329852-00330096 majority of two-thirds of the members
I0HVKDWpYU4-01476-00330097-00330427 article 139 states that the form of
I0HVKDWpYU4-01477-00330428-00330601 Republic shall not be a matter for
I0HVKDWpYU4-01478-00330602-00330766 constitutional amendment thus
I0HVKDWpYU4-01479-00330767-00330940 effectively barring any attempt to
I0HVKDWpYU4-01480-00330941-00331378 restore the monarchy
I0HVKDWpYU4-01481-00331379-00331636 topic transitory and final provisions
I0HVKDWpYU4-01482-00331637-00332091 provisions I 18
I0HVKDWpYU4-01483-00332092-00332337 the transitory and final provisions
I0HVKDWpYU4-01484-00332338-00332526 start by declaring the provisional head
I0HVKDWpYU4-01485-00332527-00332664 of the state the President of the
I0HVKDWpYU4-01486-00332665-00332850 Republic with the implementation of the
I0HVKDWpYU4-01487-00332851-00333150 Constitution in case not all regional
I0HVKDWpYU4-01488-00333151-00333330 councils had been set up at the date of
I0HVKDWpYU4-01489-00333331-00333501 the election of the next president of
I0HVKDWpYU4-01490-00333502-00333684 the Republic the provisions state that
I0HVKDWpYU4-01491-00333685-00333867 only members of the two houses could
I0HVKDWpYU4-01492-00333868-00334047 participate in the election while also
I0HVKDWpYU4-01493-00334048-00334197 providing the requirements for
I0HVKDWpYU4-01494-00334198-00334335 appointing the members of the first
I0HVKDWpYU4-01495-00334336-00334617 Senate of the Republic the provisions
I0HVKDWpYU4-01496-00334618-00334794 provide a general timeline for the
I0HVKDWpYU4-01497-00334795-00335067 implementation of the Constitution for
I0HVKDWpYU4-01498-00335068-00335292 example article 80 on the question of
I0HVKDWpYU4-01499-00335293-00335484 international treaties which involved
I0HVKDWpYU4-01500-00335485-00335691 budget expenditures or changes in the
I0HVKDWpYU4-01501-00335692-00335880 law is declared effective as from the
I0HVKDWpYU4-01502-00335881-00336162 date of convocation of Parliament also
I0HVKDWpYU4-01503-00336163-00336399 within five years after the Constitution
I0HVKDWpYU4-01504-00336400-00336576 has come into effect the special
I0HVKDWpYU4-01505-00336577-00336756 jurisdictional bodies still in existence
I0HVKDWpYU4-01506-00336757-00336972 must be revised excluding the
I0HVKDWpYU4-01507-00336973-00337173 jurisdiction of the Council of state the
I0HVKDWpYU4-01508-00337174-00337332 court of accounts and the military
I0HVKDWpYU4-01509-00337333-00337608 tribunals within a year of the same date
I0HVKDWpYU4-01510-00337609-00337755 Allah must provide for the
I0HVKDWpYU4-01511-00337756-00337929 reorganization of the Supreme Military
I0HVKDWpYU4-01512-00337930-00338243 Tribunal according to Article 111
I0HVKDWpYU4-01513-00338244-00338511 moreover until the judiciary has been
I0HVKDWpYU4-01514-00338512-00338664 established in accordance with the
I0HVKDWpYU4-01515-00338665-00338871 Constitution the existing provisions
I0HVKDWpYU4-01516-00338872-00339183 will remain in force in particular until
I0HVKDWpYU4-01517-00339184-00339366 the Constitutional Court begins its
I0HVKDWpYU4-01518-00339367-00339582 functions the decision on controversies
I0HVKDWpYU4-01519-00339583-00339849 indicated in article 134 will be
I0HVKDWpYU4-01520-00339850-00340014 conducted in the forms and within the
I0HVKDWpYU4-01521-00340015-00340173 limits of the provisions already in
I0HVKDWpYU4-01522-00340174-00340371 existence before the implementation of
I0HVKDWpYU4-01523-00340372-00340677 the Constitution the provisions call for
I0HVKDWpYU4-01524-00340678-00340848 the election of the regional councils
I0HVKDWpYU4-01525-00340849-00341025 and the elected bodies of provincial
I0HVKDWpYU4-01526-00341026-00341199 administration within one year of the
I0HVKDWpYU4-01527-00341200-00341475 implementation of the Constitution the
I0HVKDWpYU4-01528-00341476-00341664 transfer of power from the state to the
I0HVKDWpYU4-01529-00341665-00341817 regions as established by the
I0HVKDWpYU4-01530-00341818-00342048 Constitution as well as the transfer to
I0HVKDWpYU4-01531-00342049-00342192 the regions of officials and employees
I0HVKDWpYU4-01532-00342193-00342435 of the state must be regulated by law
I0HVKDWpYU4-01533-00342436-00342582 for every branch of the public
I0HVKDWpYU4-01534-00342583-00342858 administration until this process has
I0HVKDWpYU4-01535-00342859-00343035 been completed the provinces and the
I0HVKDWpYU4-01536-00343036-00343206 municipalities will retain those
I0HVKDWpYU4-01537-00343207-00343413 functions they presently exercise as
I0HVKDWpYU4-01538-00343414-00343575 well as those which the regions may
I0HVKDWpYU4-01539-00343576-00343863 delegate to them also within three years
I0HVKDWpYU4-01540-00343864-00343998 of the implementation of the
I0HVKDWpYU4-01541-00343999-00344163 Constitution the laws of the Republic
I0HVKDWpYU4-01542-00344164-00344376 must be adjusted to the needs of local
I0HVKDWpYU4-01543-00344377-00344547 autonomies and the legislative
I0HVKDWpYU4-01544-00344548-00344762 jurisdiction attributed to the regions
I0HVKDWpYU4-01545-00344763-00345012 furthermore up to five years after the
I0HVKDWpYU4-01546-00345013-00345222 implementation of the Constitution other
I0HVKDWpYU4-01547-00345223-00345384 regions can be established by
I0HVKDWpYU4-01548-00345385-00345486 constitutional
I0HVKDWpYU4-01549-00345487-00345795 thus amending the list in article 131
I0HVKDWpYU4-01550-00345796-00345939 and without the conditions required
I0HVKDWpYU4-01551-00345940-00346260 under the first paragraph of article 132
I0HVKDWpYU4-01552-00346261-00346452 without prejudice however to the
I0HVKDWpYU4-01553-00346453-00346614 obligation to consult the people's
I0HVKDWpYU4-01554-00346615-00346932 concern provision 12 forbids the
I0HVKDWpYU4-01555-00346933-00347145 reorganization of the dissolved fascist
I0HVKDWpYU4-01556-00347146-00347342 party under any form whatsoever
I0HVKDWpYU4-01557-00347343-00347661 notwithstanding article 48 the provision
I0HVKDWpYU4-01558-00347662-00347871 imposes temporary limitations to the
I0HVKDWpYU4-01559-00347872-00348075 right to vote an eligibility of former
I0HVKDWpYU4-01560-00348076-00348249 leaders of the fascist regime for a
I0HVKDWpYU4-01561-00348250-00348438 period of no more than five years from
I0HVKDWpYU4-01562-00348439-00348659 the implementation of the Constitution
I0HVKDWpYU4-01563-00348660-00348984 similarly until it was amended in 2002
I0HVKDWpYU4-01564-00348985-00349206 provision 13 barred the members and
I0HVKDWpYU4-01565-00349207-00349386 descendants of the House of Savoy from
I0HVKDWpYU4-01566-00349387-00349578 voting as well as holding public or
I0HVKDWpYU4-01567-00349579-00349770 elected office in the former kings of
I0HVKDWpYU4-01568-00349771-00349947 the House of Savoy their spouses and
I0HVKDWpYU4-01569-00349948-00350085 their male descendants were denied
I0HVKDWpYU4-01570-00350086-00350280 access and residence in the national
I0HVKDWpYU4-01571-00350281-00350550 territory in particular after the
I0HVKDWpYU4-01572-00350551-00350751 abolition of the monarchy the former
I0HVKDWpYU4-01573-00350752-00350982 kings vittorio emanuele the third in
I0HVKDWpYU4-01574-00350983-00351255 umberto ii went into exile in egypt and
I0HVKDWpYU4-01575-00351256-00351501 Portugal respectively their heir
I0HVKDWpYU4-01576-00351502-00351735 vittorio emanuele made his first trip
I0HVKDWpYU4-01577-00351736-00351954 back to italy in over half a century on
I0HVKDWpYU4-01578-00351955-00352266 December 23rd 2002 nevertheless
I0HVKDWpYU4-01579-00352267-00352512 provision 13 also imposes the
I0HVKDWpYU4-01580-00352513-00352722 confiscation by the state of the assets
I0HVKDWpYU4-01581-00352723-00352878 of the former kings of the House of
I0HVKDWpYU4-01582-00352879-00353049 Savoy their spouses and their male
I0HVKDWpYU4-01583-00353050-00353220 descendants existing on national
I0HVKDWpYU4-01584-00353221-00353415 territory while declaring null and void
I0HVKDWpYU4-01585-00353416-00353607 the acquisitions or transfers of said
I0HVKDWpYU4-01586-00353608-00353796 properties which took place after the
I0HVKDWpYU4-01587-00353797-00354138 second of June 1946 titles of nobility
I0HVKDWpYU4-01588-00354139-00354360 are no longer recognized while the
I0HVKDWpYU4-01589-00354361-00354543 predicates included in those existing
I0HVKDWpYU4-01590-00354544-00354831 before the 28th of October 1922 are
I0HVKDWpYU4-01591-00354832-00354999 established as part of the name of the
I0HVKDWpYU4-01592-00355000-00355278 title holders the Order of Saint Marisha
I0HVKDWpYU4-01593-00355279-00355509 says preserved as a hospital corporation
I0HVKDWpYU4-01594-00355510-00355677 and it's functions are established by
I0HVKDWpYU4-01595-00355678-00355854 law while the heraldic Council is
I0HVKDWpYU4-01596-00355855-00356145 suppressed with the entry into force of
I0HVKDWpYU4-01597-00356146-00356343 the Constitution the legislative decree
I0HVKDWpYU4-01598-00356344-00356526 of the lieutenant of the realm number
I0HVKDWpYU4-01599-00356527-00356904 151 of the 25th of June 1944 on the
I0HVKDWpYU4-01600-00356905-00357066 provisional organization of the state
I0HVKDWpYU4-01601-00357067-00357345 will become law within one year of the
I0HVKDWpYU4-01602-00357346-00357567 same date the revision and coordination
I0HVKDWpYU4-01603-00357568-00357756 there with the previous constitutional
I0HVKDWpYU4-01604-00357757-00357936 laws which had not at that moment been
I0HVKDWpYU4-01605-00357937-00358161 explicitly or implicitly abrogated will
I0HVKDWpYU4-01606-00358162-00358455 begin the Constituent Assembly must pass
I0HVKDWpYU4-01607-00358456-00358638 laws on the election of the Senate of
I0HVKDWpYU4-01608-00358639-00358843 the Republic special regional stat
I0HVKDWpYU4-01609-00358844-00359026 and the law governing the press before
I0HVKDWpYU4-01610-00359027-00359425 the 31st of January 1948 until the day
I0HVKDWpYU4-01611-00359426-00359563 of the election of the new Parliament
I0HVKDWpYU4-01612-00359564-00359791 the Constituent Assembly can be convened
I0HVKDWpYU4-01613-00359792-00359995 to decide on matters attributed by law
I0HVKDWpYU4-01614-00359996-00360268 to its jurisdiction the provisions also
I0HVKDWpYU4-01615-00360269-00360475 detailed that temporary functions of the
I0HVKDWpYU4-01616-00360476-00360649 standing committees the legislative
I0HVKDWpYU4-01617-00360650-00360984 committees and the deputies provision 18
I0HVKDWpYU4-01618-00360985-00361153 calls for the promulgation of the
I0HVKDWpYU4-01619-00361154-00361351 Constitution by the provisional head of
I0HVKDWpYU4-01620-00361352-00361549 state within five days of its approval
I0HVKDWpYU4-01621-00361550-00361734 by the Constituent Assembly and its
I0HVKDWpYU4-01622-00361735-00361945 coming into force on the 1st of January
I0HVKDWpYU4-01623-00361946-00362299 1948 the text of the Constitution will
I0HVKDWpYU4-01624-00362300-00362494 be deposited in the Town Hall of every
I0HVKDWpYU4-01625-00362495-00362689 municipality of the Republic and they're
I0HVKDWpYU4-01626-00362690-00362931 made public for the whole of 1948 in
I0HVKDWpYU4-01627-00362932-00363130 order to allow every citizen to know of
I0HVKDWpYU4-01628-00363131-00363403 it the Constitution bearing the seal of
I0HVKDWpYU4-01629-00363404-00363565 the state will be included in the
I0HVKDWpYU4-01630-00363566-00363730 official records of the laws and decrees
I0HVKDWpYU4-01631-00363731-00364030 of the Republic the constitution must be
I0HVKDWpYU4-01632-00364031-00364222 faithfully observed as the fundamental
I0HVKDWpYU4-01633-00364223-00364426 law of the Republic by all citizens and
I0HVKDWpYU4-01634-00364427-00364910 bodies of the state
I0HVKDWpYU4-01635-00364911-00365422 topic amendments
I0HVKDWpYU4-01636-00365423-00365644 in order to make it virtually impossible
I0HVKDWpYU4-01637-00365645-00365893 to replace with a dictatorial regime it
I0HVKDWpYU4-01638-00365894-00366108 is difficult to modify the Constitution
I0HVKDWpYU4-01639-00366109-00366448 to do so under Article 138 requires two
I0HVKDWpYU4-01640-00366449-00366633 readings in each house of parliament and
I0HVKDWpYU4-01641-00366634-00366796 if the second of these are carried with
I0HVKDWpYU4-01642-00366797-00367021 a majority ie more than half but less
I0HVKDWpYU4-01643-00367022-00367279 than two-thirds a referendum under
I0HVKDWpYU4-01644-00367280-00367573 Article 139 the republican form of
I0HVKDWpYU4-01645-00367574-00367831 government cannot be reviewed when the
I0HVKDWpYU4-01646-00367832-00368005 Constituent Assembly drafted the
I0HVKDWpYU4-01647-00368006-00368194 Constitution it made a deliberate choice
I0HVKDWpYU4-01648-00368195-00368443 in attributing to it a super legislative
I0HVKDWpYU4-01649-00368444-00368658 force so that ordinary legislation could
I0HVKDWpYU4-01650-00368659-00368880 neither amend nor derogate from it
I0HVKDWpYU4-01651-00368881-00369094 legislative acts of parliament in
I0HVKDWpYU4-01652-00369095-00369268 conflict with the Constitution are
I0HVKDWpYU4-01653-00369269-00369388 subsequently annulled by the
I0HVKDWpYU4-01654-00369389-00369712 Constitutional Court three parliamentary
I0HVKDWpYU4-01655-00369713-00369957 Commission's have been convened in 1983
I0HVKDWpYU4-01656-00369958-00370533 to 1985 1992 to 1994 in 1997 1998
I0HVKDWpYU4-01657-00370534-00370762 respectively with the task of preparing
I0HVKDWpYU4-01658-00370763-00371034 major revisions to the 1948 text in
I0HVKDWpYU4-01659-00371035-00371242 particular part 2 but in each instance
I0HVKDWpYU4-01660-00371243-00371479 the necessary political consensus for
I0HVKDWpYU4-01661-00371480-00371641 change was lacking the text of the
I0HVKDWpYU4-01662-00371642-00371916 Constitution has been amended 15 times
I0HVKDWpYU4-01663-00371917-00372169 amendments have affected articles 48
I0HVKDWpYU4-01664-00372170-00372447 postal voting 51 women's participation
I0HVKDWpYU4-01665-00372448-00372829 56 57 and 60 composition and length of
I0HVKDWpYU4-01666-00372830-00373005 term of the chamber of deputies and
I0HVKDWpYU4-01667-00373006-00373267 Senate of the Republic 68 indemnity and
I0HVKDWpYU4-01668-00373268-00373506 immunity of members of parliament 79
I0HVKDWpYU4-01669-00373507-00373789 amnesties and pardons 88 dissolution of
I0HVKDWpYU4-01670-00373790-00373912 the houses of parliament
I0HVKDWpYU4-01671-00373913-00374329 96 impeachment 114 to 132 regions
I0HVKDWpYU4-01672-00374330-00374548 provinces and municipalities in its
I0HVKDWpYU4-01673-00374549-00374947 entirety 134 and 135 composition and
I0HVKDWpYU4-01674-00374948-00375115 length of term of the Constitutional
I0HVKDWpYU4-01675-00375116-00375550 Court in 1967 articles 10 and 26 were
I0HVKDWpYU4-01676-00375551-00375751 integrated by a constitutional provision
I0HVKDWpYU4-01677-00375752-00375928 which established that their last
I0HVKDWpYU4-01678-00375929-00376126 paragraphs which forbid the extradition
I0HVKDWpYU4-01679-00376127-00376359 of a foreigner for political offences do
I0HVKDWpYU4-01680-00376360-00376599 not apply in case of crimes of genocide
I0HVKDWpYU4-01681-00376600-00376825 four amendments were presented during
I0HVKDWpYU4-01682-00376826-00377245 the 13th legislature 1996 to 2001 these
I0HVKDWpYU4-01683-00377246-00377422 concerned parliamentary representation
I0HVKDWpYU4-01684-00377423-00377674 of Italians living abroad the devolution
I0HVKDWpYU4-01685-00377675-00377887 of powers to the regions the direct
I0HVKDWpYU4-01686-00377888-00378057 election of regional presidents and
I0HVKDWpYU4-01687-00378058-00378339 guarantees of fair trials in courts a
I0HVKDWpYU4-01688-00378340-00378568 constitutional law in one amendment were
I0HVKDWpYU4-01689-00378569-00378818 also passed in the 14th legislature
I0HVKDWpYU4-01690-00378819-00379139 2001 to 2006 namely the repealing of
I0HVKDWpYU4-01691-00379140-00379408 disposition 13 insofar as it limited the
I0HVKDWpYU4-01692-00379409-00379580 civil rights of the male descendants of
I0HVKDWpYU4-01693-00379581-00379756 the House of Savoy and a new provision
I0HVKDWpYU4-01694-00379757-00379901 intended to encourage women's
I0HVKDWpYU4-01695-00379902-00380195 participation in politics further
I0HVKDWpYU4-01696-00380196-00380393 amendments are being debated but for the
I0HVKDWpYU4-01697-00380394-00380680 time being 61 point 3 2 percent of those
I0HVKDWpYU4-01698-00380681-00381038 voting in the 25 to 26 June 2006
I0HVKDWpYU4-01699-00381039-00381280 referendum rejected a major reform bill
I0HVKDWpYU4-01700-00381281-00381512 approved by both houses on the 17th of
I0HVKDWpYU4-01701-00381513-00381773 November 2005 despite its provisions
I0HVKDWpYU4-01702-00381774-00381953 were diluted in time the attempt to
I0HVKDWpYU4-01703-00381954-00382132 revise part 2 appears to have been
I0HVKDWpYU4-01704-00382133-00382343 abandoned or at least postponed but in
I0HVKDWpYU4-01705-00382344-00382625 2014 its parts on bicameralism has been
I0HVKDWpYU4-01706-00382626-00382787 resumed by Renzi government in a
I0HVKDWpYU4-01707-00382788-00383158 partially different draft in 2007 the
I0HVKDWpYU4-01708-00383159-00383380 Constitution was amended making capital
I0HVKDWpYU4-01709-00383381-00383573 punishment illegal in all cases before
I0HVKDWpYU4-01710-00383574-00383777 this the Constitution prohibited the
I0HVKDWpYU4-01711-00383778-00383993 death penalty except in the cases
I0HVKDWpYU4-01712-00383994-00384263 provided for by military laws in case of
I0HVKDWpYU4-01713-00384264-00384602 war however no one had been sentenced to
I0HVKDWpYU4-01714-00384603-00384872 death since 1947 and the penalty was
I0HVKDWpYU4-01715-00384873-00385151 abolished from military law in 1994
I0HVKDWpYU4-01716-00385152-00385655 articles 81 97 117 and 119 were amended
I0HVKDWpYU4-01717-00385656-00385928 on the 20th of April 2012 introducing
I0HVKDWpYU4-01718-00385929-00386072 the requirement of the balanced budget
I0HVKDWpYU4-01719-00386073-00386267 at both the national and the regional
I0HVKDWpYU4-01720-00386268-00386492 level taking into account both positive
I0HVKDWpYU4-01721-00386493-00386699 and negative variations of the economic
I0HVKDWpYU4-01722-00386700-00387121 cycle
I0HVKDWpYU4-01723-00387122-00387384 topic notable members of the Constituent
I0HVKDWpYU4-01724-00387385-00387802 Assembly
I0HVKDWpYU4-01725-00387803-00387994 the following is a list of notable
I0HVKDWpYU4-01726-00387995-00388497 members of the Constituent Assembly
I0HVKDWpYU4-01727-00388498-00389062 topic see also
I0HVKDWpYU4-01728-00389063-00389586 topic references
I0HVKDWpYU4-01729-00389587-00390090 topic external links
I0HVKDWpYU4-01730-00390091-00390382 like Costa to Z Oni della repubblica
I0HVKDWpYU4-01731-00390383-00390622 italiana senado della repubblica in
I0HVKDWpYU4-01732-00390623-00390958 Italian the constitution of the Italian
I0HVKDWpYU4-01733-00390959-00391132 Republic Senate of the Republic in
I0HVKDWpYU4-01734-00391133-00391447 English guide to Italian legal research
I0HVKDWpYU4-01735-00391448-00391732 and resources on the web the members of
I0HVKDWpYU4-01736-00391733-00391986 the Constituent Assembly in Italian
I0HVKDWpYU4-01737-00391987-00392215 archive footage of the signing of the
I0HVKDWpYU4-01738-00392216-00392563 Constitution in Italian
I0L3gEg5t4M-00000-00000000-00000055 [Music]
I0L3gEg5t4M-00001-00000056-00000262 welcome back to yankees batting practice
I0L3gEg5t4M-00002-00000263-00000471 today presented by audi prior to
I0L3gEg5t4M-00003-00000472-00000638 tonight's first pitch the yankees will
I0L3gEg5t4M-00004-00000639-00000847 celebrate new york's legacy of pride and
I0L3gEg5t4M-00005-00000848-00001047 will recognize the third annual yankee
I0L3gEg5t4M-00006-00001048-00001335 stonewall scholar winners for 2021.
I0L3gEg5t4M-00007-00001336-00001519 yankee senior vice president gene
I0L3gEg5t4M-00008-00001520-00001743 afterman stonewall inn co-owner and
I0L3gEg5t4M-00009-00001744-00002014 gives back initiative ceo stacy lentz
I0L3gEg5t4M-00010-00002016-00002271 along with mlb vp special assistant to
I0L3gEg5t4M-00011-00002272-00002431 the commissioner billy bean
I0L3gEg5t4M-00012-00002432-00002671 recently sat down to offer insight
I0L3gEg5t4M-00013-00002672-00002775 encouragement
I0L3gEg5t4M-00014-00002776-00003023 and lead an open discussion with some of
I0L3gEg5t4M-00015-00003024-00003335 this year's yankees stonewall scholars
I0L3gEg5t4M-00016-00003336-00003535 greetings everybody good morning from
I0L3gEg5t4M-00017-00003536-00003647 the west coast
I0L3gEg5t4M-00018-00003647-00003943 good afternoon to the east coast this is
I0L3gEg5t4M-00019-00003944-00004151 a wonderful opportunity for us all to
I0L3gEg5t4M-00020-00004152-00004295 get together
I0L3gEg5t4M-00021-00004296-00004551 this is our third stone wall scholars
I0L3gEg5t4M-00022-00004552-00004615 and
I0L3gEg5t4M-00023-00004616-00004951 um in the pa last year we were all on
I0L3gEg5t4M-00024-00004952-00004991 zoom
I0L3gEg5t4M-00025-00004992-00005151 and could never meet each other the
I0L3gEg5t4M-00026-00005152-00005406 first year we will we were able to
I0L3gEg5t4M-00027-00005407-00005559 greet each other at the stadium then
I0L3gEg5t4M-00028-00005560-00005791 have a celebration at the stonewall inn
I0L3gEg5t4M-00029-00005792-00006079 know each other and create lifelong
I0L3gEg5t4M-00030-00006080-00006222 friendships so
I0L3gEg5t4M-00031-00006223-00006391 we're hoping that we can have a
I0L3gEg5t4M-00032-00006392-00006598 conversation today that will sort of be
I0L3gEg5t4M-00033-00006600-00006798 a hybrid because we're kind of in a
I0L3gEg5t4M-00034-00006800-00006919 hybrid world
I0L3gEg5t4M-00035-00006920-00007223 and today is an opportunity
I0L3gEg5t4M-00036-00007223-00007527 for you uh to ask uh stacy and myself
I0L3gEg5t4M-00037-00007528-00007639 some questions
I0L3gEg5t4M-00038-00007640-00007855 um so maybe you can get to know us a
I0L3gEg5t4M-00039-00007856-00008023 little bit better um but i
I0L3gEg5t4M-00040-00008023-00008399 i i want to say hello uh to uh danielle
I0L3gEg5t4M-00041-00008400-00008703 and and ryan and christine each and
I0L3gEg5t4M-00042-00008704-00008823 every one of you
I0L3gEg5t4M-00043-00008824-00009255 made such a profound impact upon me
I0L3gEg5t4M-00044-00009256-00009478 christine what was your first reaction
I0L3gEg5t4M-00045-00009479-00009678 uh when you found out that you had won
I0L3gEg5t4M-00046-00009679-00009814 and who did you uh
I0L3gEg5t4M-00047-00009815-00009959 who were you able to share it with that
I0L3gEg5t4M-00048-00009960-00010142 that means a lot to you
I0L3gEg5t4M-00049-00010143-00010423 i just felt like an overwhelming sense
I0L3gEg5t4M-00050-00010424-00010674 of relief
I0L3gEg5t4M-00051-00010675-00011174 [Laughter]
I0L3gEg5t4M-00052-00011175-00011423 while in college i am very grateful for
I0L3gEg5t4M-00053-00011424-00011551 the opportunity
I0L3gEg5t4M-00054-00011552-00011855 it is very much um
I0L3gEg5t4M-00055-00011856-00012151 a lot and being being able to get this
I0L3gEg5t4M-00056-00012152-00012246 opportunity
I0L3gEg5t4M-00057-00012247-00012503 has brought more peace to me than you
I0L3gEg5t4M-00058-00012504-00012894 could ever imagine
I0L3gEg5t4M-00059-00012895-00013255 and the first person
I0L3gEg5t4M-00060-00013256-00013615 i told was my school nurse nurse
I0L3gEg5t4M-00061-00013616-00013775 danielle
I0L3gEg5t4M-00062-00013776-00014135 and she was probably one of the first
I0L3gEg5t4M-00063-00014136-00014230 adults who
I0L3gEg5t4M-00064-00014231-00014591 ever fully accepted me as me
I0L3gEg5t4M-00065-00014591-00014822 and like everything that made me me and
I0L3gEg5t4M-00066-00014823-00014999 i wouldn't be the person i am today
I0L3gEg5t4M-00067-00015000-00015215 without her so i'm eternally grateful
I0L3gEg5t4M-00068-00015216-00015366 for her and her presence
I0L3gEg5t4M-00069-00015368-00015622 well let's say hello to ryan you said
I0L3gEg5t4M-00070-00015623-00015743 something
I0L3gEg5t4M-00071-00015744-00016079 that uh gave me goosebumps you know when
I0L3gEg5t4M-00072-00016080-00016150 you said it
I0L3gEg5t4M-00073-00016151-00016447 you know so so wise for your years you
I0L3gEg5t4M-00074-00016448-00016550 said
I0L3gEg5t4M-00075-00016551-00016863 you don't need to be related to someone
I0L3gEg5t4M-00076-00016864-00017286 to relate to them that quote comes from
I0L3gEg5t4M-00077-00017287-00017430 throughout my years of listening to
I0L3gEg5t4M-00078-00017431-00017663 music there's many lyrics that
I0L3gEg5t4M-00079-00017664-00017855 um stand out to me and that's one of the
I0L3gEg5t4M-00080-00017856-00017983 lyrics from
I0L3gEg5t4M-00081-00017984-00018263 one of the songs that i listen to often
I0L3gEg5t4M-00082-00018264-00018311 um
I0L3gEg5t4M-00083-00018312-00018663 it's about you don't need to be
I0L3gEg5t4M-00084-00018664-00018847 personally related to someone in order
I0L3gEg5t4M-00085-00018848-00019007 to understand their experiences and
I0L3gEg5t4M-00086-00019008-00019294 stand in their shoes and like you said
I0L3gEg5t4M-00087-00019295-00019414 that's what
I0L3gEg5t4M-00088-00019415-00019775 allies most likely have to do when they
I0L3gEg5t4M-00089-00019776-00019943 are trying to understand our experiences
I0L3gEg5t4M-00090-00019944-00020111 and any other
I0L3gEg5t4M-00091-00020112-00020430 um group so yeah that's what
I0L3gEg5t4M-00092-00020431-00020711 that came from and thank you so much to
I0L3gEg5t4M-00093-00020712-00020750 it's
I0L3gEg5t4M-00094-00020751-00020950 amazing opportunity and everything what
I0L3gEg5t4M-00095-00020951-00021143 has it felt like daniel since uh you
I0L3gEg5t4M-00096-00021144-00021271 found out that you won
I0L3gEg5t4M-00097-00021272-00021399 tell us a little bit what did it when
I0L3gEg5t4M-00098-00021400-00021591 you were talking to your family
I0L3gEg5t4M-00099-00021592-00021822 talking to your friends at school what's
I0L3gEg5t4M-00100-00021823-00021943 been the reaction
I0L3gEg5t4M-00101-00021944-00022255 overall um it was very
I0L3gEg5t4M-00102-00022256-00022503 i mean i cried when i heard the first
I0L3gEg5t4M-00103-00022504-00022630 time
I0L3gEg5t4M-00104-00022631-00022975 so um and
I0L3gEg5t4M-00105-00022976-00023327 i i am still speechless just as i was
I0L3gEg5t4M-00106-00023328-00023567 on the first day after i found out i
I0L3gEg5t4M-00107-00023568-00023703 guess
I0L3gEg5t4M-00108-00023704-00024039 the main question i have is that um
I0L3gEg5t4M-00109-00024040-00024375 i mean baseball is a pretty major sport
I0L3gEg5t4M-00110-00024376-00024694 and it is
I0L3gEg5t4M-00111-00024695-00024942 quite often very hard to push new
I0L3gEg5t4M-00112-00024943-00025030 initiatives
I0L3gEg5t4M-00113-00025031-00025391 through the different stages of the
I0L3gEg5t4M-00114-00025392-00025702 administration management and
I0L3gEg5t4M-00115-00025704-00026039 what was it like to push this specific
I0L3gEg5t4M-00116-00026039-00026399 initiative through the whole
I0L3gEg5t4M-00117-00026400-00026774 um you know the old sports
I0L3gEg5t4M-00118-00026775-00027118 bureaucratic layer was it hard
I0L3gEg5t4M-00119-00027119-00027470 was it what was it like our group
I0L3gEg5t4M-00120-00027472-00027783 um led by brian smith and jason zillow
I0L3gEg5t4M-00121-00027783-00027983 my general manager brian cashman and
I0L3gEg5t4M-00122-00027983-00028111 myself um
I0L3gEg5t4M-00123-00028112-00028246 you know what's most important to the
I0L3gEg5t4M-00124-00028247-00028423 yankees is not just
I0L3gEg5t4M-00125-00028424-00028735 one night but the future and so
I0L3gEg5t4M-00126-00028736-00028974 um also the education of young people
I0L3gEg5t4M-00127-00028975-00029062 the education
I0L3gEg5t4M-00128-00029063-00029239 you know old people listening to young
I0L3gEg5t4M-00129-00029239-00029367 people so
I0L3gEg5t4M-00130-00029368-00029543 um you know the yankees thought that it
I0L3gEg5t4M-00131-00029544-00029735 would be more substantive
I0L3gEg5t4M-00132-00029736-00030027 if we invested in the future of the
I0L3gEg5t4M-00133-00030027-00030174 lgbtq
I0L3gEg5t4M-00134-00030175-00030487 plus youth so once we
I0L3gEg5t4M-00135-00030488-00030790 once we were focused once brian smith
I0L3gEg5t4M-00136-00030791-00031014 and jason zillow and and and brian
I0L3gEg5t4M-00137-00031016-00031102 cashman
I0L3gEg5t4M-00138-00031103-00031335 you know formulated this and discussed
I0L3gEg5t4M-00139-00031336-00031439 it at length with
I0L3gEg5t4M-00140-00031439-00031695 our owner hal steinbrenner um you know
I0L3gEg5t4M-00141-00031695-00031823 then the yankees were all
I0L3gEg5t4M-00142-00031824-00032079 in and we were very fortunate to reach
I0L3gEg5t4M-00143-00032080-00032214 out to the stonewall
I0L3gEg5t4M-00144-00032216-00032374 inn and the stonewall gives back
I0L3gEg5t4M-00145-00032375-00032543 initiative as our partners
I0L3gEg5t4M-00146-00032544-00032790 and also to the new york department of
I0L3gEg5t4M-00147-00032791-00032887 education
I0L3gEg5t4M-00148-00032888-00033190 so once once it came
I0L3gEg5t4M-00149-00033191-00033455 once the vision actually crystallized
I0L3gEg5t4M-00150-00033456-00033495 then
I0L3gEg5t4M-00151-00033496-00033679 it was very easy to pull together
I0L3gEg5t4M-00152-00033680-00033807 because it really
I0L3gEg5t4M-00153-00033808-00034031 is all about what you know for us the
I0L3gEg5t4M-00154-00034032-00034167 stonewall initiative
I0L3gEg5t4M-00155-00034168-00034374 touches everything that the yankees you
I0L3gEg5t4M-00156-00034375-00034527 know want to support
I0L3gEg5t4M-00157-00034528-00034790 and also is an ongoing initiative you
I0L3gEg5t4M-00158-00034791-00034967 know you carry the message
I0L3gEg5t4M-00159-00034968-00035127 into the future and that's what's most
I0L3gEg5t4M-00160-00035128-00035335 important on behalf of the yankees i
I0L3gEg5t4M-00161-00035336-00035502 just wanted to say thank you to all of
I0L3gEg5t4M-00162-00035503-00035574 you
I0L3gEg5t4M-00163-00035575-00035830 you know every uh we we see you we hear
I0L3gEg5t4M-00164-00035831-00035999 you and we believe in you
I0L3gEg5t4M-00165-00036000-00036302 so um you know go forward
I0L3gEg5t4M-00166-00036303-00036439 we're gonna and you're not gonna you
I0L3gEg5t4M-00167-00036440-00036679 know you're gonna be yankees for life
I0L3gEg5t4M-00168-00036680-00037168 so you're not done with us yet
I10O3SYtp_M-00000-00000000-00000233 hello sorry to interrupt this video I
I10O3SYtp_M-00001-00000234-00000394 wanted to say there has been some
I10O3SYtp_M-00002-00000395-00000695 off-camera stuff like this or this so
I10O3SYtp_M-00003-00000696-00000911 don't be mad if you see off camera stuff
I10O3SYtp_M-00004-00000911-00001414 don't comment about the off-camera stuff
I10O3SYtp_M-00005-00001415-00002556 [Music]
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I10O3SYtp_M-00007-00002911-00003125 all right
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I10O3SYtp_M-00087-00084894-00085199 what
I10O3SYtp_M-00088-00085200-00085653 happened
I10O3SYtp_M-00089-00085654-00086597 [Music]
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I10O3SYtp_M-00091-00087900-00088067 thank you
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I5OuEDvYVDE-00008-00010064-00012855 ugh
I5OuEDvYVDE-00010-00016216-00016534 architects fire
I5OuEDvYVDE-00011-00016535-00017830 [Music]
I5OuEDvYVDE-00012-00017831-00020336 attack
I5OuEDvYVDE-00015-00029432-00029599 attack
I5OuEDvYVDE-00016-00029600-00030851 [Music]
I5OuEDvYVDE-00017-00030852-00032470 [Music]
I5OuEDvYVDE-00018-00032472-00034536 rawr
I5OuEDvYVDE-00019-00034537-00036167 [Music]
I5OuEDvYVDE-00020-00036168-00038767 attack
I5OuEDvYVDE-00021-00038768-00041550 ah
I5OuEDvYVDE-00022-00041551-00041990 [Music]
I5OuEDvYVDE-00023-00041991-00044215 attack
I5OuEDvYVDE-00024-00044216-00046030 uh
I5OuEDvYVDE-00025-00046031-00046183 wow
I5OuEDvYVDE-00026-00046184-00047695 [Music]
I5OuEDvYVDE-00027-00047696-00049455 attack
I5OuEDvYVDE-00028-00049456-00051062 [Music]
I5OuEDvYVDE-00029-00051063-00052926 defend
I5OuEDvYVDE-00030-00052927-00053447 oh
I5OuEDvYVDE-00031-00053448-00056084 attack
I5OuEDvYVDE-00032-00056085-00057326 [Music]
I5OuEDvYVDE-00033-00057327-00057687 defend
I5OuEDvYVDE-00034-00057688-00060451 attack
I5OuEDvYVDE-00035-00060452-00061169 [Music]
I5OuEDvYVDE-00036-00061170-00061942 [Music]
I5OuEDvYVDE-00037-00061944-00064094 defend
I5OuEDvYVDE-00038-00064095-00065252 i'm trapped
I5OuEDvYVDE-00039-00065253-00068040 [Music]
I5OuEDvYVDE-00040-00068041-00068903 [Music]
I5OuEDvYVDE-00041-00068904-00069112 i
I6fngb_NJNQ-00000-00000045-00000209 [Music]
I6fngb_NJNQ-00001-00000210-00000588 foreign
I6fngb_NJNQ-00002-00000589-00002419 [Music]
I6fngb_NJNQ-00003-00002420-00002662 [Applause]
I6fngb_NJNQ-00004-00002663-00003922 [Music]
I6fngb_NJNQ-00005-00003923-00004079 foreign
I6fngb_NJNQ-00006-00004079-00006934 [Music]
I6fngb_NJNQ-00007-00006936-00007309 foreign
I6fngb_NJNQ-00008-00007309-00010091 [Music]
I6fngb_NJNQ-00009-00010092-00010235 foreign
I6fngb_NJNQ-00010-00010236-00012650 [Music]
I6fngb_NJNQ-00011-00012651-00013438 [Music]
I6fngb_NJNQ-00012-00013440-00014007 foreign
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I6fngb_NJNQ-00014-00015143-00015631 [Applause]
I6fngb_NJNQ-00015-00015632-00016701 [Music]
I6fngb_NJNQ-00016-00016702-00019558 [Music]
I6fngb_NJNQ-00017-00019559-00019829 thank you
I6fngb_NJNQ-00018-00019830-00019919 foreign
I6fngb_NJNQ-00019-00019920-00022835 [Music]
I6fngb_NJNQ-00020-00022836-00022979 foreign
I6fngb_NJNQ-00022-00026016-00026437 foreign
I6fngb_NJNQ-00023-00026438-00028739 [Music]
I6fngb_NJNQ-00024-00028741-00028763 [Music]
I6fngb_NJNQ-00025-00028764-00029080 [Applause]
I6fngb_NJNQ-00026-00029081-00030438 [Music]
I6fngb_NJNQ-00027-00030439-00031854 [Music]
I6fngb_NJNQ-00028-00031855-00033684 [Music]
I6fngb_NJNQ-00029-00033685-00036031 [Music]
I6fngb_NJNQ-00030-00036032-00036263 thank you
I6fngb_NJNQ-00031-00036264-00036295 [Music]
I6fngb_NJNQ-00032-00036296-00037300 [Applause]
I6fngb_NJNQ-00033-00037301-00037549 [Music]
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I6fngb_NJNQ-00035-00037896-00038210 foreign
I6fngb_NJNQ-00036-00038211-00039117 [Music]
I6fngb_NJNQ-00037-00039118-00039894 [Music]
I6fngb_NJNQ-00038-00039895-00041322 [Music]
I6fngb_NJNQ-00039-00041323-00042394 [Music]
I6fngb_NJNQ-00040-00042395-00042589 [Music]
I6fngb_NJNQ-00041-00042590-00043210 over here
I6fngb_NJNQ-00042-00043211-00044233 [Music]
I6fngb_NJNQ-00043-00044234-00044842 oh yeah
I6fngb_NJNQ-00044-00044843-00045835 [Music]
I6fngb_NJNQ-00045-00045836-00046062 [Music]
I6fngb_NJNQ-00046-00046063-00046165 thank you
I6fngb_NJNQ-00047-00046166-00048862 [Music]
I6fngb_NJNQ-00048-00048863-00051157 [Music]
I6fngb_NJNQ-00049-00051158-00051310 thank you
I6fngb_NJNQ-00050-00051311-00053203 [Music]
I6fngb_NJNQ-00051-00053204-00053504 thank you
I9J4geaeLQu-00000-00000000-00000206 think fast chuckle nuts i lost my rules
I9J4geaeLQu-00001-00000208-00000359 on the horse and server after i blurted
I9J4geaeLQu-00002-00000360-00000503 out the n-word causing this message to
I9J4geaeLQu-00003-00000504-00000638 pop up this evening i think they're
I9J4geaeLQu-00004-00000639-00000815 against something i guess i was right
I9J4geaeLQu-00005-00000816-00000950 should have time travel but there's no
I9J4geaeLQu-00006-00000951-00001111 such technology that can do that and
I9J4geaeLQu-00007-00001112-00001287 they will see this server is a fun place
I9J4geaeLQu-00008-00001288-00001639 but it ain't going far right now
Iqfhqm3lS1Y-00000-00000480-00001295 [Music]
Iqfhqm3lS1Y-00001-00001296-00001504 you
IxM9QU76Ysu-00000-00000000-00000274 astronomy and astrophysics as a
IxM9QU76Ysu-00001-00000275-00000532 peer-reviewed scientific journal
IxM9QU76Ysu-00002-00000533-00000850 covering theoretical observational and
IxM9QU76Ysu-00003-00000851-00001191 instrumental astronomy and astrophysics
IxM9QU76Ysu-00004-00001192-00001537 it is one of the premier journals for
IxM9QU76Ysu-00005-00001538-00001916 astronomy in the world the journal is
IxM9QU76Ysu-00006-00001917-00002345 published by EDP Sciences in 16 issues
IxM9QU76Ysu-00007-00002346-00002756 per year the editor in chief as Thierry
IxM9QU76Ysu-00008-00002757-00003091 for veil observe at waar des Sciences
IxM9QU76Ysu-00009-00003092-00003458 the looniversity Grenoble previous
IxM9QU76Ysu-00010-00003459-00003779 editors in chief include Claude burr -
IxM9QU76Ysu-00011-00003779-00004151 James lick you michael Gruen Catherine
IxM9QU76Ysu-00012-00004152-00004620 says are Sookie and George can topless
IxM9QU76Ysu-00013-00004621-00004938 topic history astronomy and astrophysics
IxM9QU76Ysu-00014-00004939-00005388 was formed in 1969 by the merging of
IxM9QU76Ysu-00015-00005389-00005688 several national Journal's of individual
IxM9QU76Ysu-00016-00005689-00005922 European countries into one
IxM9QU76Ysu-00017-00005923-00006339 comprehensive publication these journals
IxM9QU76Ysu-00018-00006340-00006627 with their issn and date of first
IxM9QU76Ysu-00019-00006628-00006952 publication are as follows annales de
IxM9QU76Ysu-00020-00006953-00007351 straw physique is SN o three six five oh
IxM9QU76Ysu-00021-00007352-00007721 four nine nine France established in
IxM9QU76Ysu-00022-00007722-00008230 1938 archive for astra no me is SN ooo
IxM9QU76Ysu-00023-00008231-00008571 four two oh four eight Whedon
IxM9QU76Ysu-00024-00008572-00008929 established in 1948 bulletin of the
IxM9QU76Ysu-00025-00008930-00009166 astronomical Institute's of the
IxM9QU76Ysu-00026-00009167-00009684 Netherlands is SN o 3 6 5 8 9 1 o
IxM9QU76Ysu-00027-00009685-00010132 Netherlands established in 1921 bulletin
IxM9QU76Ysu-00028-00010133-00010769 astronomy is Sno 2 4 5 9 7 8 7 France
IxM9QU76Ysu-00029-00010770-00011142 established in 1884 journal des
IxM9QU76Ysu-00030-00011143-00011676 observator x' is SN o 3 6 8 3 3 8 9
IxM9QU76Ysu-00031-00011677-00012117 France established in 1915 zeitschrift
IxM9QU76Ysu-00032-00012118-00012752 fur astrophysics is SN o 3 7 2 8 3 3 1
IxM9QU76Ysu-00033-00012753-00013134 germany established in 1930 the
IxM9QU76Ysu-00034-00013135-00013374 publishing of astronomy and astrophysics
IxM9QU76Ysu-00035-00013375-00013812 was further extended in 1992 by the
IxM9QU76Ysu-00036-00013813-00014050 incorporation of bulletin of the
IxM9QU76Ysu-00037-00014051-00014283 astronomical institutes of
IxM9QU76Ysu-00038-00014284-00014784 czechoslovakia established in 1947
IxM9QU76Ysu-00039-00014785-00015094 astronomy and astrophysics initially
IxM9QU76Ysu-00040-00015094-00015349 published articles in either english
IxM9QU76Ysu-00041-00015350-00015672 french or german but articles in french
IxM9QU76Ysu-00042-00015673-00016027 and german were always few they were
IxM9QU76Ysu-00043-00016028-00016355 eventually discontinued in part due to
IxM9QU76Ysu-00044-00016356-00016621 difficulties in finding adequately
IxM9QU76Ysu-00045-00016622-00016918 specialised independent referees who
IxM9QU76Ysu-00046-00016919-00017378 were also fluent in those languages
IxM9QU76Ysu-00047-00017379-00017727 topic sponsoring countries the original
IxM9QU76Ysu-00048-00017728-00017958 sponsoring countries were the four
IxM9QU76Ysu-00049-00017959-00018233 countries whose journals merged to form
IxM9QU76Ysu-00050-00018234-00018507 astronomy and astrophysics France
IxM9QU76Ysu-00051-00018508-00018792 Germany the Netherlands and Sweden
IxM9QU76Ysu-00052-00018793-00019152 together with Belgium Denmark Finland
IxM9QU76Ysu-00053-00019153-00019511 and Norway the European Southern
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IxM9QU76Ysu-00055-00019819-00020241 member country Norway later withdrew but
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IxM9QU76Ysu-00060-00021388-00021759 all joined as new members in the 1990s
IxM9QU76Ysu-00061-00021760-00022260 in 2001 the words a European journal
IxM9QU76Ysu-00062-00022261-00022506 were removed from the front cover in
IxM9QU76Ysu-00063-00022507-00022776 recognition of the fact that the journal
IxM9QU76Ysu-00064-00022777-00023043 was becoming increasingly global in
IxM9QU76Ysu-00065-00023044-00023454 scope and in 2002 Argentina was admitted
IxM9QU76Ysu-00066-00023455-00023910 as an observer in 2004 the Board of
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IxM9QU76Ysu-00068-00024199-00024483 henceforth consider applications for
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IxM9QU76Ysu-00070-00024760-00025062 in the world with well documented active
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IxM9QU76Ysu-00076-00026917-00027700 since progressed to full membership
IxM9QU76Ysu-00077-00027701-00028405 topic abstracting and indexing
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IxM9QU76Ysu-00093-00034031-00034443 the Astrophysical Journal the
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IxM9QU76Ysu-00095-00034880-00035327 the Royal Astronomical Society
IxM9QU76Ysu-00096-00035328-00035567 topic further reading history and
IxM9QU76Ysu-00097-00035568-00035815 purpose of astronomy and astrophysics
IxM9QU76Ysu-00098-00035816-00036702 journal SR pas de SH EDP sciences 2012
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00000-00000047-00000265 plate tectonics from the late latin
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00001-00000266-00000477 tectonic as' from the greek technical
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00002-00000478-00000750 pertaining to building is a scientific
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00003-00000751-00000964 theory describing the large-scale motion
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00004-00000965-00001156 of seven large plates and the movements
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00005-00001157-00001357 of a larger number of smaller plates of
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00006-00001358-00001546 the earth's lithosphere since tectonic
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00007-00001547-00001758 processes began on earth between three
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00008-00001759-00002082 and 3.5 billion years ago the model
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00009-00002083-00002248 builds on the concept of continental
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00010-00002249-00002472 drift an idea developed during the first
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00011-00002473-00002760 decades of the 20th century the Geo
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00012-00002761-00002958 scientific community accepted plate
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00013-00002959-00003172 tectonic theory after seafloor spreading
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00014-00003173-00003442 was validated in the late 1950s and
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00015-00003443-00003811 early 1960s the lithosphere which is the
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00016-00003811-00004015 rigid outermost shell of the planet the
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00017-00004015-00004216 crust and upper mantle is broken into
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00018-00004217-00004471 tectonic plates the earth's lithosphere
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00019-00004472-00004678 is composed of seven or eight major
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00020-00004679-00004873 plates depending on how they are defined
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00021-00004874-00005152 and many minor plates where the plates
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00022-00005153-00005341 meet their relative motion determines
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00023-00005342-00005518 the type of boundary convergent
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00024-00005519-00005803 divergent or transform earthquakes
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00025-00005804-00006043 volcanic activity mountain building an
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00026-00006044-00006262 oceanic trench formation occur along
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00027-00006263-00006525 these plate boundaries or faults the
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00028-00006526-00006667 relative movement of the plates
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00029-00006668-00006906 typically ranges from 0 to 100
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00030-00006908-00007129 millimetres annually tectonic plates are
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00031-00007130-00007336 composed of oceanic lithosphere and
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00032-00007337-00007501 thicker continental lithosphere each
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00033-00007502-00007780 topped by its own kind of crust along
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00034-00007781-00008026 convergent boundaries subduction or one
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00035-00008027-00008221 plate moving under another carries the
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00036-00008222-00008392 lower one down into the mantle the
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00037-00008393-00008617 material lost is roughly balanced by the
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00038-00008618-00008842 formation of new oceanic crust along
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00039-00008843-00009028 divergent margins by seafloor spreading
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00040-00009029-00009319 in this way the total surface of the
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00041-00009320-00009556 lithosphere remains the same this
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00042-00009557-00009781 prediction of plate tectonics is also
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00043-00009782-00009913 referred to as the conveyor belt
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00044-00009914-00010186 principle earlier theories since
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00045-00010187-00010417 disproven proposed gradual shrinking
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00046-00010418-00010651 contraction or gradual expansion of the
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00047-00010652-00010860 globe tectonic plates are able to move
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00048-00010861-00011020 because the earth's lithosphere has
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00049-00011021-00011178 greater mechanical strength than the
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00050-00011179-00011419 underlying espheni's fear lateral
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00051-00011420-00011641 density variations in the mantle result
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00052-00011642-00011839 in convection that is the slow creeping
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00053-00011840-00012112 motion of Earth's solid mantle plate
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00054-00012113-00012271 movement is thought to be driven by a
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00055-00012272-00012457 combination of the motion of the sea
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00056-00012458-00012652 floor away from spreading ridges due to
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00057-00012653-00012865 variations in topography the ridge is a
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00058-00012866-00013113 topographic high and density changes in
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00059-00013115-00013327 the crust density increases as newly
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00060-00013328-00013419 formed crust cool
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00061-00013421-00013641 and moves away from the ridge at
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00062-00013643-00013849 subduction zones the relatively cold
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00063-00013850-00014158 dense crust us pulled or sinks down into
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00064-00014159-00014368 the mantle over the downward convecting
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00065-00014369-00014581 limb of a mantle cell another
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00066-00014582-00014794 explanation lies in the different forces
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00067-00014794-00015040 generated by tidal forces of the Sun and
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00068-00015041-00015301 Moon the relative importance of each of
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00069-00015302-00015478 these factors in their relationship to
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00070-00015479-00015663 each other is unclear and still the
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00071-00015665-00016080 subject of much debate
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00072-00016081-00016622 topic key principles
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00073-00016623-00016814 the outer layers of the earth are
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00074-00016815-00016949 divided into the lithosphere and
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00075-00016950-00017228 asthenosphere the division is based on
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00076-00017229-00017447 differences in mechanical properties and
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00077-00017448-00017605 in the method for the transfer of heat
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00078-00017606-00017869 the lithosphere is cooler and more rigid
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00079-00017870-00018058 while the asthenosphere is hotter and
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00080-00018059-00018319 flows more easily in terms of heat
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00081-00018320-00018533 transfer the lithosphere loses heat by
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00082-00018534-00018692 conduction whereas the asthenosphere
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00083-00018693-00018938 also transfers heat by convection and
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00084-00018939-00019082 has a nearly adiabatic temperature
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00085-00019083-00019361 gradient this division should not be
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00086-00019362-00019558 confused with the chemical subdivision
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00087-00019559-00019718 of these same layers into the mantle
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00088-00019719-00019940 comprising both the asthenosphere and
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00089-00019941-00020122 the mantle portion of the lithosphere in
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00090-00020123-00020333 the crust a given piece of mantle may be
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00091-00020334-00020480 part of the lithosphere or the
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00092-00020481-00020630 asthenosphere at different times
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00093-00020631-00020792 depending on its temperature and
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00094-00020793-00021077 pressure the key principle of plate
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00095-00021078-00021296 tectonics is that the lithosphere exists
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00096-00021297-00021503 is separate and distinct tectonic plates
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00097-00021504-00021641 which ride on the fluid like
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00098-00021642-00021961 viscoelastic solid asthenosphere plate
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00099-00021962-00022208 motions range up to a typical 10 to 40
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00100-00022209-00022411 millimeters per year mid-atlantic ridge
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00101-00022412-00022652 about as fast as fingernails grow to
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00102-00022653-00022936 about 160 millimeters per year Nazca
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00103-00022937-00023225 plate about as fast as hair grows the
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00104-00023226-00023402 driving mechanism behind this movement
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00105-00023403-00023578 as described below
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00106-00023579-00023852 tectonic lithosphere plates consists of
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00107-00023853-00024083 lithospheric mantle overlain by one or
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00108-00024084-00024328 two types of crustal material oceanic
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00109-00024329-00024553 crust in older texts called Sima from
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00110-00024554-00024755 silicon and magnesium in continental
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00111-00024756-00025015 crust tile from silicon and aluminium
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00112-00025016-00025319 average oceanic lithosphere is typically
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00113-00025320-00025609 100 kilometres 62 miles thick its
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00114-00025610-00025802 thickness as a function of its age as
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00115-00025802-00026044 time passes it conductive Li cools and
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00116-00026045-00026249 sub jacent cooling mantle is added to
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00117-00026250-00026480 its base because it is formed at
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00118-00026481-00026671 mid-ocean ridges and spreads outwards
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00119-00026672-00026879 its thickness is therefore a function of
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00120-00026880-00027046 its distance from the mid-ocean ridge
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00121-00027047-00027262 where it was formed for a typical
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00122-00027263-00027494 distance that oceanic lithosphere must
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00123-00027495-00027683 travel before being subducted the
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00124-00027683-00027839 thickness varies from about six
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00125-00027839-00028067 kilometers four miles thick at mid-ocean
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00126-00028068-00028333 ridges to greater than 100 kilometres 62
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00127-00028334-00028612 miles at subduction zones for shorter or
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00128-00028613-00028846 longer distances the subduction zone and
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00129-00028847-00029012 therefore also the mean thickness
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00130-00029013-00029289 becomes smaller or larger respectively
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00131-00029291-00029527 continental lithosphere is typically
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00132-00029528-00029732 about 200 kilometers thick though this
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00133-00029733-00029977 varies considerably between basins mount
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00134-00029979-00030208 ranges and stable critic interiors of
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00135-00030210-00030539 continents the location where two plates
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00136-00030539-00030761 meet is called a plate boundary plate
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00137-00030762-00030962 boundaries are commonly associated with
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00138-00030963-00031193 geological events such as earthquakes
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00139-00031194-00031406 and the creation of topographic features
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00140-00031407-00031637 such as mountains volcanoes mid-ocean
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00141-00031638-00031973 ridges and oceanic trenches the majority
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00142-00031974-00032170 of the world's active volcanoes occur
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00143-00032172-00032366 along plate boundaries with the Pacific
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00144-00032367-00032525 plates Ring of Fire being the most
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00145-00032526-00032780 active and widely known today these
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00146-00032781-00032951 boundaries are discussed in further
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00147-00032952-00033224 detail below some volcanoes occur in the
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00148-00033225-00033395 interiors of plates and these have been
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00149-00033396-00033614 variously attributed to internal plate
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00150-00033615-00033862 deformation and to mantle plumes as
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00151-00033863-00034124 explained above tectonic plates may
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00152-00034125-00034340 include continental crust or oceanic
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00153-00034341-00034628 crust and most plates contain both for
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00154-00034629-00034844 example the African plate includes the
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00155-00034845-00035015 continent and parts of the floor of the
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00156-00035016-00035252 Atlantic and Indian Oceans the
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00157-00035253-00035462 distinction between oceanic crust and
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00158-00035463-00035636 continental crust is based on their
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00159-00035637-00035915 modes of formation oceanic crust is
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00160-00035916-00036113 formed at seafloor spreading centers and
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00161-00036114-00036311 continental crust is formed through arc
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00162-00036312-00036497 volcanism and accretion of terrains
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00163-00036498-00036704 through tectonic processes though some
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00164-00036705-00036872 of these terrains may contain ophiolite
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00165-00036873-00037121 II sequences which are pieces of oceanic
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00166-00037122-00037283 crust considered to be part of the
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00167-00037284-00037445 continent when they exit the standard
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00168-00037446-00037661 cycle of formation and spreading centers
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00169-00037662-00037861 and subduction beneath continents
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00170-00037862-00038108 oceanic crust is also denser than
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00171-00038109-00038258 continental crust owing to their
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00172-00038259-00038561 different compositions oceanic crust is
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00173-00038562-00038777 denser because it has less silicon and
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00174-00038778-00039032 more heavier elements mafic than
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00175-00039033-00039395 continental crust felsic as a result of
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00176-00039396-00039614 this density stratification oceanic
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00177-00039615-00039845 crust generally lies below sea level for
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00178-00039846-00040064 example most of the pacific plate while
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00179-00040065-00040262 continental crust buoyantly projects
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00180-00040263-00040475 above sea level see the page isostasy
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00181-00040476-00040960 for explanation of this principle
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00182-00040961-00041361 topic types of plate boundaries
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00183-00041362-00041543 you
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00184-00041544-00041774 three types of plate boundaries exist
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00185-00041775-00042005 with a fourth mix type characterised by
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00186-00042006-00042173 the way the plates move relative to each
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00187-00042174-00042452 other they are associated with different
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00188-00042453-00042677 types of surface phenomena the different
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00189-00042678-00042977 types of plate boundaries are transform
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00190-00042978-00043187 boundaries conservative occur where two
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00191-00043188-00043400 lithospheric plates slide or perhaps
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00192-00043401-00043592 more accurately grind past each other
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00193-00043593-00043823 along transform faults where plates are
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00194-00043824-00044069 neither created nor destroyed the
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00195-00044070-00044258 relative motion of the two plates as
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00196-00044259-00044450 either sinestro left-side toward the
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00197-00044451-00044660 observer or dextral right-side toward
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00198-00044661-00044930 the observer transform faults occur
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00199-00044931-00045155 across a spreading Center strong
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00200-00045156-00045392 earthquakes can occur along a fault the
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00201-00045393-00045617 San Andreas Fault in California as an
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00202-00045618-00045797 example of a transform boundary
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00203-00045798-00046106 exhibiting dextral motion divergent
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00204-00046107-00046307 boundaries constructive occur where two
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00205-00046308-00046559 plates slide apart from each other at
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00206-00046560-00046736 zones of ocean to ocean drifting
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00207-00046737-00046955 divergent boundaries formed by seafloor
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00208-00046956-00047150 spreading allowing for the formation of
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00209-00047151-00047411 new ocean basin as the ocean plate
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00210-00047412-00047615 splits the ridge forms at the spreading
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00211-00047616-00047837 center the ocean basin expands and
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00212-00047838-00048077 finally the plate area increases causing
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00213-00048078-00048275 many small volcanoes and/or shallow
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00214-00048276-00048557 earthquakes at zones of continent to
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00215-00048558-00048743 continent rifting divergent boundaries
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00216-00048744-00048971 may cause new ocean basin to form as the
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00217-00048972-00049165 continent splits spreads the central
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00218-00049166-00049405 rift collapses and ocean fills the basin
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00219-00049406-00049733 active zones of mid-ocean ridges eg the
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00220-00049734-00049931 mid-atlantic ridge and East Pacific Rise
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00221-00049932-00050168 and continent to continent rifting such
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00222-00050169-00050384 as Africa's East African Rift and Valley
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00223-00050385-00050570 and the Red Sea are examples of
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00224-00050571-00050849 divergent boundaries convergent
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00225-00050850-00051080 boundaries destructive or active margins
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00226-00051081-00051277 occur where two plates slide toward each
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00227-00051278-00051452 other to form either a subduction zone
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00228-00051453-00051677 one plate moving underneath the other or
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00229-00051678-00051932 a continental collision at zones of
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00230-00051933-00052157 ocean two continents subduction eg the
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00231-00052158-00052373 Andes mountain range in South America
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00232-00052374-00052562 and the Cascade Mountains in western
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00233-00052563-00052715 United States the dense oceanic
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00234-00052716-00052928 lithosphere plunges beneath the less
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00235-00052929-00053191 dense continent earthquakes trace the
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00236-00053192-00053387 path of the downward moving plate as it
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00237-00053388-00053582 descends into asthenosphere a trench
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00238-00053583-00053777 forms and as the subducted plate is
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00239-00053778-00053984 heated it releases volatile x' mostly
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00240-00053985-00054173 water from hydras minerals into the
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00241-00054174-00054425 surrounding mantle the addition of water
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00242-00054426-00054616 lowers the melting point of the mantle
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00243-00054617-00054773 material above the subducting slab
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00244-00054774-00054941 causing it to melt
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00245-00054941-00055175 the magma that results typically leads
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00246-00055176-00055403 to volcanism at zones of ocean to ocean
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00247-00055404-00055757 subduction eg Aleutian Islands Mariana
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00248-00055758-00055964 Islands and the Japanese island arc
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00249-00055965-00056191 older cooler denser crust slips beneath
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00250-00056192-00056486 less dense crust this motion causes
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00251-00056487-00056687 earthquakes and a deep trench to form in
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00252-00056688-00056927 an arc shape the upper mantle of the
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00253-00056928-00057128 subducted plate then heats and magma
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00254-00057129-00057335 rises to form curving chains of volcanic
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00255-00057336-00057599 islands deep marine trenches are
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00256-00057600-00057788 typically associated with subduction
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00257-00057789-00058007 zones and the basins that develop along
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00258-00058008-00058172 the active boundary are often called
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00259-00058173-00058550 fallen basins closure of ocean basins
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00260-00058551-00058712 can occur at continent to continent
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00261-00058713-00058925 boundaries eg Himalayas and out
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00262-00058926-00059132 collision between masses of granitic
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00263-00059133-00059354 continental lithosphere neither mass is
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00264-00059354-00059546 subducted plate edges are compressed
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00265-00059547-00059870 folded uplifted plate boundary zones
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00266-00059871-00060008 occur where the effects of the
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00267-00060009-00060161 interactions are unclear and the
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00268-00060162-00060353 boundaries usually occurring along a
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00269-00060354-00060560 broad belt are not well-defined and may
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00270-00060561-00060730 show various types of movements in
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00271-00060732-00061183 different episodes
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00272-00061184-00061766 topic driving forces of plate motion
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00273-00061766-00061973 it has generally been accepted that
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00274-00061974-00062171 tectonic plates are able to move because
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00275-00062172-00062378 of the relative density of oceanic
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00276-00062379-00062564 lithosphere and the relative weakness of
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00277-00062565-00062807 the asthenosphere dissipation of heat
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00278-00062808-00062992 from the mantle is acknowledged to be
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00279-00062994-00063152 the original source of the energy
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00280-00063153-00063341 required to drive plate tectonics
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00281-00063341-00063464 through convection or large-scale
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00282-00063465-00063749 upwelling Indomie the current view
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00283-00063750-00063902 though still a matter of some debate
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00284-00063903-00064157 asserts that as a consequence a powerful
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00285-00064158-00064364 source of plate motion is generated due
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00286-00064365-00064562 to the excess density of the oceanic
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00287-00064563-00064765 lithosphere sinking in subduction zones
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00288-00064766-00065021 when the new crust forms at mid-ocean
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00289-00065022-00065249 ridges this oceanic lithosphere is
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00290-00065250-00065420 initially less dense than the underlying
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00291-00065421-00065630 extent asphere but it becomes denser
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00292-00065631-00065822 with age as it conductive Li cools in
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00293-00065823-00066080 thickens the greater density of old
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00294-00066081-00066263 lithosphere relative to the underlying
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00295-00066264-00066452 extent asphere allows it to sink into
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00296-00066453-00066632 the deep mantle at subduction zones
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00297-00066633-00066845 providing most of the driving force for
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00298-00066846-00067061 plate movement the weakness of the
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00299-00067062-00067277 asthenosphere allows the tectonic plates
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00300-00067278-00067471 to move easily towards a subduction zone
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00301-00067472-00067748 although subduction is thought to be the
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00302-00067749-00067973 strongest force driving plate motions it
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00303-00067974-00068165 cannot be the only force since there are
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00304-00068166-00068345 plates such as the North American plate
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00305-00068346-00068519 which are moving yet are nowhere being
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00306-00068520-00068777 subducted the same is true for the
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00307-00068778-00069008 enormous Eurasian Plate the sources of
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00308-00069009-00069215 plate motion are a matter of intensive
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00309-00069216-00069421 research and discussion among scientists
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00310-00069422-00069659 one of the main points is that the
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00311-00069660-00069857 kinematic pattern of the movement itself
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00312-00069858-00070040 should be separated clearly from the
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00313-00070041-00070259 possible geodynamic mechanism that has
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00314-00070260-00070424 invoked as the driving force of the
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00315-00070425-00070613 observed movement as some patterns may
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00316-00070614-00070777 be explained by more than one mechanism
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00317-00070778-00071120 in short the driving forces advocated at
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00318-00071121-00071294 the moment can be divided into three
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00319-00071295-00071501 categories based on the relationship to
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00320-00071502-00071702 the movement mantle dynamics related
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00321-00071703-00071954 gravity related mostly secondary forces
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00322-00071955-00072390 and earth rotation related
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00323-00072391-00072705 topic driving force is related to mantle
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00324-00072706-00073257 dynamics for much of the last quarter
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00325-00073258-00073428 century the leading theory of the
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00326-00073429-00073629 driving force behind tectonic plate
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00327-00073630-00073863 motions envisage large-scale convection
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00328-00073864-00074034 currents in the upper mantle which can
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00329-00074035-00074192 be transmitted through the asthenosphere
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00330-00074193-00074445 this theory was launched by Arthur
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00331-00074446-00074676 Holmes and some foreigners in the 1930s
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00332-00074677-00074862 and was immediately recognized as the
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00333-00074863-00075021 solution for the acceptance of the
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00334-00075022-00075207 theory as originally discussed in the
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00335-00075208-00075405 papers of Alfred Wegener in the early
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00336-00075406-00075684 years of the century however despite its
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00337-00075685-00075765 acceptance
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00338-00075766-00075900 it was long debated in the scientific
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00339-00075901-00076125 community because the leading theory
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00340-00076126-00076299 still envisaged a static earth without
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00341-00076300-00076473 moving continents up until the major
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00342-00076474-00076797 breakthroughs of the early 60s - and
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00343-00076798-00076965 three-dimensional imaging of Earth's
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00344-00076966-00077196 interior seismic tomography shows a
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00345-00077197-00077364 varying lateral density distribution
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00346-00077365-00077649 throughout the mantle such density
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00347-00077650-00077853 variations can be material from rock
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00348-00077854-00078072 chemistry mineral from variations in
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00349-00078073-00078252 mineral structures or thermal through
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00350-00078253-00078438 thermal expansion and contraction from
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00351-00078439-00078717 heat energy the manifestation of this
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00352-00078718-00078918 varying lateral density as mantle
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00353-00078919-00079122 convection from buoyancy forces how
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00354-00079123-00079281 mantle convection directly and
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00355-00079282-00079470 indirectly relates to plate motion as a
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00356-00079471-00079674 matter of ongoing study and discussion
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00357-00079675-00079992 in geo dynamics somehow this energy must
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00358-00079993-00080169 be transferred to the lithosphere for
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00359-00080170-00080403 tectonic plates to move there are
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00360-00080404-00080610 essentially two main types of forces
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00361-00080611-00080748 that are thought to influence plate
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00362-00080749-00081084 motion friction and gravity basal drag
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00363-00081085-00081336 friction plate motion driven by friction
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00364-00081337-00081495 between the convection currents in the
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00365-00081496-00081639 asthenosphere and the more rigid
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00366-00081640-00081960 overlying lithosphere slab suction
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00367-00081961-00082173 gravity plate motion driven by local
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00368-00082174-00082338 convection currents that exert a
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00369-00082339-00082524 downward pull on plates in subduction
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00370-00082525-00082854 zones at ocean trenches slab suction may
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00371-00082855-00083049 occur in a geo dynamic setting where
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00372-00083050-00083250 basal tractions continue to act on the
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00373-00083251-00083391 plate as it dives into the mantle
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00374-00083392-00083571 although perhaps to a greater extent
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00375-00083572-00083793 acting on both the under and upper side
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00376-00083794-00084024 of the slab lately the convection Theory
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00377-00084025-00084189 has been much debated as modern
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00378-00084190-00084357 techniques based on 3d seismic
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00379-00084358-00084594 tomography still fail to recognize these
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00380-00084595-00084854 predicted large-scale convection cells
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00381-00084855-00085329 alternative views have been proposed
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00382-00085330-00085830 topic plume tectonics
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00383-00085831-00086055 in the theory of plume tectonics
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00384-00086056-00086301 developed during the 1990s a modified
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00385-00086302-00086520 concept of mantle convection currents is
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00386-00086521-00086808 used it asserts that super plumes rise
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00387-00086809-00086958 from the deeper mantle and are the
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00388-00086959-00087132 drivers or substitutes of the major
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00389-00087133-00087456 convection cells these ideas which find
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00390-00087457-00087681 their roots in the early 1930s find
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00391-00087682-00087861 resonance in the modern theories which
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00392-00087862-00088101 envisage hotspots or mantle plumes which
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00393-00088102-00088275 remain fixed and are overridden by
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00394-00088276-00088457 Oceanic and continental lithosphere
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00395-00088458-00088674 plates over time and leave their traces
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00396-00088675-00088863 in the geological record though these
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00397-00088864-00089028 phenomena are not invoked as real
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00398-00089029-00089201 driving mechanisms but rather as
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00399-00089202-00089526 modulators
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00400-00089527-00090026 topic surge tectonics
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00401-00090027-00090263 another theory is that the mantle flows
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00402-00090264-00090510 neither in cells nor large plumes but
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00403-00090511-00090707 rather as a series of channels just
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00404-00090708-00090861 below the Earth's crust which then
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00405-00090862-00090998 provide basal friction to the
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00406-00090999-00091305 lithosphere this theory called surge
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00407-00091306-00091572 tectonics became quite popular in
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00408-00091573-00091799 geophysics and geo dynamics during the
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00409-00091800-00092192 1980s and 1990s recent research based on
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00410-00092193-00092385 three-dimensional computer modeling
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00411-00092386-00092622 suggests that plate geometry is governed
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00412-00092623-00092786 by a feedback between mantle convection
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00413-00092787-00092954 patterns and the strength of the
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00414-00092955-00093336 lithosphere
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00415-00093337-00093715 topic driving forces related to gravity
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00416-00093716-00093924 you
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00417-00093925-00094191 forces related to gravity are usually
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00418-00094192-00094398 invoked a secondary phenomena within the
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00419-00094399-00094575 framework of the more general driving
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00420-00094576-00094779 mechanisms such as the various forms of
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00421-00094780-00095051 mantle dynamics described above
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00422-00095052-00095256 gravitational sliding away from a
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00423-00095257-00095409 spreading Ridge according to many
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00424-00095410-00095610 authors plate motion is driven by the
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00425-00095611-00095802 higher elevation of plates at ocean
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00426-00095803-00096108 ridges as oceanic lithosphere is formed
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00427-00096109-00096267 at spreading ridges from hot mantle
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00428-00096268-00096513 material it gradually cools and thickens
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00429-00096514-00096705 with age and thus adds distance from the
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00430-00096706-00096981 ridge cool oceanic lithosphere is
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00431-00096982-00097182 significantly denser than the hot mantle
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00432-00097183-00097398 material from which it is derived and so
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00433-00097399-00097572 with increasing thickness it gradually
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00434-00097573-00097782 subsides into the mantle to compensate
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00435-00097783-00098043 the greater load the result is a slight
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00436-00098044-00098244 lateral incline with increased distance
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00437-00098245-00098520 from the ridge axis this force is
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00438-00098521-00098718 regarded as a secondary force and is
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00439-00098719-00099060 often referred to as Ridge push this is
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00440-00099061-00099323 a misnomer as nothing is pushing
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00441-00099324-00099546 horizontally intentional features are
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00442-00099547-00099753 dominant along ridges it is more
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00443-00099754-00099945 accurate to refer to this mechanism as
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00444-00099946-00100140 gravitational sliding as variable
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00445-00100141-00100341 topography across the totality of the
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00446-00100342-00100518 plate can vary considerably in the
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00447-00100519-00100710 topography of spreading ridges as only
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00448-00100711-00100938 the most prominent feature other
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00449-00100939-00101160 mechanisms generating this gravitational
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00450-00101161-00101424 secondary force include flexural bulging
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00451-00101425-00101580 of the lithosphere before it dives
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00452-00101581-00101754 underneath an adjacent plate which
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00453-00101755-00101961 produces a clear topographical feature
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00454-00101962-00102174 that can offset or at least effect the
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00455-00102175-00102384 influence of topographical ocean ridges
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00456-00102385-00102611 and mantle plumes and hot spots which
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00457-00102613-00102767 are postulated to impinge on the
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00458-00102768-00103104 underside of tectonic plates slab pull
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00459-00103105-00103323 current scientific opinion is that the
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00460-00103324-00103476 asthenosphere is insufficiently
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00461-00103477-00103665 competent or rigid to directly cause
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00462-00103666-00103863 motion by friction along the base of the
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00463-00103864-00104148 lithosphere slab pull is therefore most
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00464-00104149-00104318 widely thought to be the greatest force
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00465-00104319-00104580 acting on the plates in this current
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00466-00104581-00104778 understanding plate motion is mostly
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00467-00104779-00104933 driven by the weight of cold dense
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00468-00104934-00105093 plates sinking into the mantle it
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00469-00105094-00105369 trenches recent models indicate that
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00470-00105370-00105536 trench suction plays an important role
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00471-00105538-00105828 as well however the fact that the North
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00472-00105829-00105993 American plate is nowhere being
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00473-00105994-00106155 subducted although it is in motion
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00474-00106156-00106440 presents a problem the same holds for
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00475-00106441-00106656 the African Eurasian and Antarctic
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00476-00106657-00106965 plates gravitational sliding away from
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00477-00106966-00107159 mantle doming according to older
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00478-00107160-00107289 theories one of the dry
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00479-00107290-00107448 mechanisms of the plates as the
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00480-00107449-00107619 existence of large-scale asthenosphere
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00481-00107620-00107796 mantle domes which caused the
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00482-00107797-00107984 gravitational sliding of lithosphere
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00483-00107985-00108231 plates away from them this gravitational
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00484-00108232-00108429 sliding represents a secondary
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00485-00108430-00108657 phenomenon of this basically vertically
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00486-00108658-00108908 oriented mechanism this can act on
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00487-00108909-00109107 various scales from the small scale of
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00488-00109108-00109341 one island arc up to the larger scale of
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00489-00109342-00109816 an entire ocean basin
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00490-00109817-00110108 topic driving force is related to earth
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00491-00110108-00110492 rotation
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00492-00110493-00110798 alfred wegener being a meteorologist had
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00493-00110799-00111008 proposed tidal forces and centrifugal
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00494-00111008-00111227 forces as the main driving mechanisms
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00495-00111228-00111443 behind continental drift however these
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00496-00111444-00111641 forces were considered far too small to
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00497-00111642-00111857 cause continental motion as the concept
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00498-00111858-00112001 was of continents plowing through
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00499-00112002-00112129 oceanic crust
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00500-00112130-00112367 therefore Wegener later changed his
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00501-00112368-00112558 position and asserted that convection
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00502-00112559-00112730 currents are the main driving force of
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00503-00112731-00112928 plate tectonics in the last edition of
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00504-00112929-00113308 his book in 1929 however in the plate
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00505-00113309-00113533 tectonics context accepted since the
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00506-00113534-00113738 seafloor spreading proposals of heezen
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00507-00113739-00114050 hess Dietz Morley vine and Matthews see
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00508-00114051-00114347 below during the early 1960s the oceanic
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00509-00114348-00114542 crust is suggested to be in motion with
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00510-00114543-00114671 the continents which caused the
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00511-00114672-00114883 proposals related to earth rotation to
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00512-00114884-00115088 be reconsidered in more recent
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00513-00115089-00115342 literature these driving forces are
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00514-00115343-00115571 tidal drag due to the gravitational
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00515-00115572-00115820 force the moon and the Sun exerts on the
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00516-00115821-00116114 crust of the earth global deformation of
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00517-00116115-00116321 the geoid due to small displacements of
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00518-00116322-00116522 the rotational pole with respect to the
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00519-00116523-00116831 Earth's crust other smaller deformation
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00520-00116832-00117017 effects of the crust to do too wobbles
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00521-00117018-00117221 and spin movements of the earth rotation
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00522-00117222-00117436 on a smaller timescale forces that are
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00523-00117438-00117736 small and generally negligible are the
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00524-00117738-00118004 Coriolis force the centrifugal force
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00525-00118005-00118175 which is treated as a slight
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00526-00118176-00118364 modification of gravity for these
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00527-00118365-00118547 mechanisms to be overall valid
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00528-00118548-00118751 systematic relationships should exist
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00529-00118752-00118892 all over the globe between the
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00530-00118893-00119063 orientation and kinematics of
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00531-00119064-00119243 deformation and the geographical
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00532-00119244-00119461 latitudinal and longitudinal grid of the
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00533-00119463-00119777 earth itself ironically these systematic
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00534-00119778-00119986 relations studies in the second half of
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00535-00119988-00120200 the 19th century and the first half of
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00536-00120201-00120433 the 20th century underlined exactly the
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00537-00120434-00120614 opposite that the plates had not moved
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00538-00120615-00120821 in time that the deformation grid was
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00539-00120822-00120998 fixed with respect to the earth equator
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00540-00120999-00121229 and axis and that gravitational driving
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00541-00121230-00121418 forces were generally acting vertically
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00542-00121419-00121580 and caused only local horizontal
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00543-00121581-00121790 movements the so-called pre plate
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00544-00121791-00122138 tectonic fixes theories later studies
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00545-00122139-00122359 discussed below on this page therefore
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00546-00122360-00122533 invoked many of the relationships
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00547-00122534-00122705 recognized during this pre plate
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00548-00122706-00122882 tectonics period to support their
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00549-00122883-00123077 theories see the anticipations and
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00550-00123078-00123239 reviews in the work of van Dyken
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00551-00123240-00123431 collaborators of the many forces
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00552-00123432-00123653 discussed in this paragraph tidal force
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00553-00123654-00123865 is still highly debated and defended as
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00554-00123866-00124060 a possible principal driving force of
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00555-00124061-00124322 plate tectonics the other forces are
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00556-00124323-00124564 only used in global geo dynamic models
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00557-00124565-00124789 not using plate tectonics concepts
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00558-00124790-00124987 therefore beyond the discussions treated
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00559-00124988-00125168 in this section or proposed as minor
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00560-00125169-00125369 modulations within the overall plate
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00561-00125370-00125839 tectonics model in 1973 George W more of
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00562-00125840-00126100 the USGS and RC boström presented
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00563-00126101-00126301 evidence for a general westward drift of
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00564-00126302-00126475 the earth's lithosphere with respect to
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00565-00126476-00126712 the mantle he concluded that tidal
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00566-00126713-00127039 forces the tidal lag or friction caused
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00567-00127040-00127240 by the Earth's rotation and the forces
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00568-00127241-00127435 acting upon it by the moon or a driving
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00569-00127436-00127714 force for plate tectonics as the Earth
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00570-00127715-00127891 spins eastward beneath the moon the
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00571-00127892-00128104 moon's gravity ever so slightly pulls
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00572-00128105-00128302 the Earth's surface layer back westward
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00573-00128303-00128536 just as proposed by Alfred Wegener see
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00574-00128537-00128848 above in a more recent 2006 study
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00575-00128849-00129079 scientists reviewed and advocated these
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00576-00129080-00129385 earlier proposed ideas it has also been
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00577-00129386-00129679 suggested recently in love at 2006 that
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00578-00129680-00129869 this observation may also explain why
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00579-00129870-00130118 Venus and Mars have no plate tectonics
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00580-00130119-00130339 as Venus has no moon and Mars moons are
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00581-00130340-00130516 too small to have significant tidal
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00582-00130517-00130774 effects on the planet in a recent paper
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00583-00130775-00130999 it was suggested that on the other hand
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00584-00131000-00131179 it can easily be observed that many
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00585-00131180-00131369 plates are moving north and eastward and
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00586-00131370-00131554 that the dominantly westward motion of
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00587-00131555-00131785 the Pacific ocean basins derives simply
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00588-00131786-00131974 from the eastward bias of the Pacific
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00589-00131975-00132109 spreading Center which is not a
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00590-00132110-00132328 predicted manifestation of such lunar
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00591-00132329-00132604 forces in the same paper the authors
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00592-00132605-00132806 admit however that relative to the lower
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00593-00132807-00132976 mantle there is a slight westward
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00594-00132977-00133135 component in the motions of all the
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00595-00133136-00133390 plates they demonstrated though that the
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00596-00133391-00133622 westward drift seen only for the past 30
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00597-00133623-00133801 ma is attributed to the increased
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00598-00133802-00133975 dominance of the steadily growing and
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00599-00133976-00134263 accelerating pacific plate the debate is
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00600-00134264-00134678 still open
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00601-00134679-00134873 epic relative significance of each
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00602-00134874-00135313 driving force mechanism
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00603-00135314-00135529 the vector of a plates motion as a
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00604-00135530-00135733 function of all the forces acting on the
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00605-00135734-00135901 plate however therein lies the problem
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00606-00135902-00136069 regarding the degree to which each
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00607-00136070-00136237 process contributes to the overall
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00608-00136238-00136558 motion of each tectonic plate the
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00609-00136559-00136774 diversity of Geo dynamic settings and
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00610-00136775-00136957 the properties of each plate result from
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00611-00136958-00137110 the impact of the various processes
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00612-00137111-00137352 actively driving each individual plate
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00613-00137353-00137623 one method of dealing with this problem
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00614-00137624-00137791 is to consider the relative rate at
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00615-00137792-00137959 which each plate is moving as well as
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00616-00137960-00138148 the evidence related to the significance
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00617-00138149-00138355 of each process to the overall driving
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00618-00138356-00138616 force on the plate one of the most
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00619-00138617-00138823 significant correlations discovered to
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00620-00138824-00138994 date is that lithospheric plates
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00621-00138995-00139210 attached to downgoing subducting plates
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00622-00139211-00139378 move much faster than plates not
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00623-00139379-00139633 attached to subducting plates the
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00624-00139634-00139795 Pacific plate for instance is
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00625-00139796-00139975 essentially surrounded by zones of
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00626-00139976-00140152 subduction the so-called Ring of Fire
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00627-00140153-00140383 and moves much faster than the plates of
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00628-00140384-00140557 the Atlantic Basin which are attached
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00629-00140558-00140773 perhaps one could say welded to adjacent
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00630-00140774-00141001 continents instead of subducting plates
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00631-00141002-00141214 it is thus thought that forces
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00632-00141215-00141436 associated with the downgoing plate slab
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00633-00141437-00141643 pull and slab suction are the driving
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00634-00141644-00141823 forces which determine the motion of
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00635-00141824-00142012 plates except for those plates which are
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00636-00142013-00142261 not being subducted this view however
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00637-00142262-00142480 has been contradicted by a recent study
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00638-00142481-00142681 which found that the actual motions of
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00639-00142682-00142840 the Pacific plate and other plates
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00640-00142841-00143077 associated with the East Pacific Rise do
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00641-00143078-00143248 not correlate mainly with either slab
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00642-00143249-00143452 pull or slab push but rather with a
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00643-00143453-00143617 mantle convection upwelling whose
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00644-00143618-00143821 horizontal spreading along the basis of
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00645-00143822-00144016 the various plates drives them along via
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00646-00144017-00144316 viscosity related traction forces the
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00647-00144317-00144544 driving forces of plate motion continued
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00648-00144545-00144703 to be active subjects of ongoing
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00649-00144704-00144916 research within geophysics and tacked on
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00650-00144917-00145332 to physics
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00651-00145333-00145844 topic development of the theory
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00652-00145845-00146322 topic summary
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00653-00146323-00146535 in line with other previous and
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00654-00146536-00146799 contemporaneous proposals in 1912 the
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00655-00146800-00147024 meteorologist Alfred Wegener amply
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00656-00147025-00147195 described what he called continental
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00657-00147196-00147471 drift expanded in his 1915 book the
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00658-00147472-00147675 origin of continents and oceans and the
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00659-00147676-00147870 scientific debate started that would end
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00660-00147871-00148047 up fifty years later in the theory of
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00661-00148048-00148304 plate tectonics starting from the idea
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00662-00148305-00148551 also expressed by his foreigners that
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00663-00148552-00148722 the present continents once formed a
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00664-00148723-00148938 single landmass which was called Pangaea
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00665-00148939-00149115 later on that drifted apart thus
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00666-00149116-00149253 releasing the continents from the
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00667-00149254-00149409 Earth's mantle and likening them to
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00668-00149410-00149751 icebergs of low-density granite floating
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00669-00149752-00149985 on a sea of denser basalt supporting
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00670-00149986-00150162 evidence for the idea came from the
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00671-00150163-00150369 dovetailing outlines of South America's
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00672-00150370-00150588 East Coast and africa's west coast and
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00673-00150589-00150765 from the matching of the rock formations
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00674-00150766-00151038 along these edges confirmation of their
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00675-00151039-00151260 previous contiguous nature also came
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00676-00151261-00151464 from the fossil plants glossopteris and
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00677-00151465-00151662 ganga mo terrace and the therapsid or
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00678-00151663-00151860 mammal-like reptile Lystra soros all
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00679-00151861-00152088 widely distributed over South America
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00680-00152089-00152369 Africa Antarctica India and Australia
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00681-00152370-00152615 the evidence for such an erstwhile
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00682-00152616-00152804 joining of these continents was patent
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00683-00152805-00152982 to field geologists working in the
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00684-00152983-00153240 southern hemisphere the South African
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00685-00153241-00153471 Alex du Toit put together a mass of such
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00686-00153472-00153777 information in his 1937 publication are
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00687-00153778-00153948 wandering continents and went further
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00688-00153949-00154152 than Wegener in recognizing the strong
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00689-00154153-00154425 links between the Gondwana fragments but
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00690-00154426-00154608 without detailed evidence in a force
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00691-00154609-00154778 sufficient to drive the movement the
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00692-00154779-00154977 theory was not generally accepted the
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00693-00154978-00155141 earth might have a solid crust and
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00694-00155142-00155313 mantle and a liquid core but there
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00695-00155314-00155487 seemed to be no way that portions of the
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00696-00155488-00155729 crust could move around distinguished
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00697-00155730-00155943 scientists such as Harold Jeffries and
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00698-00155944-00156108 Charles Scott shirt were outspoken
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00699-00156109-00156387 critics of continental drift despite
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00700-00156388-00156585 much opposition the view of continental
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00701-00156586-00156807 drift gained support and a lively debate
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00702-00156808-00157053 started between drifters or mobile ist's
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00703-00157054-00157251 proponents of the theory and fix its
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00704-00157252-00157647 opponents during the 1920s 1930s and
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00705-00157648-00157884 1940s the former reached important
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00706-00157885-00158058 milestones proposing that convection
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00707-00158059-00158223 currents might have driven the plate
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00708-00158224-00158378 movements and that spreading may have
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00709-00158379-00158520 occurred below the sea within the
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00710-00158521-00158823 oceanic crust concepts close to the
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00711-00158824-00159006 elements now incorporated in plate
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00712-00159007-00159264 tectonics were proposed by geophysicists
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00713-00159265-00159477 and geologists both fixed and mobile
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00714-00159478-00159669 lists like Veni - home
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00715-00159670-00159939 and um grove one of the first pieces of
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00716-00159940-00160131 geophysical evidence that was used to
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00717-00160132-00160299 support the movement of lithospheric
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00718-00160300-00160596 plates came from paleomagnetism this is
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00719-00160597-00160752 based on the fact that rocks of
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00720-00160753-00160971 different ages show a variable magnetic
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00721-00160972-00161166 field Direction evidenced by studies
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00722-00161167-00161475 since the mid 19th century the magnetic
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00723-00161476-00161652 north and south poles reversed through
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00724-00161653-00161889 time and especially important in paleo
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00725-00161890-00162105 tectonic studies the relative position
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00726-00162106-00162282 of the magnetic north pole varies
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00727-00162283-00162537 through time initially during the first
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00728-00162538-00162741 half of the 20th century the latter
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00729-00162742-00162945 phenomenon was explained by introducing
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00730-00162946-00163128 what was called polar wander see
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00731-00163129-00163284 apparent polar wander ie
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00732-00163285-00163446 it was assumed that the north pole
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00733-00163447-00163623 location had been shifting through time
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00734-00163624-00163914 an alternative explanation though was
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00735-00163915-00164085 that the continents had moved shifted
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00736-00164086-00164253 and rotated relative to the North Pole
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00737-00164254-00164502 and each continent in fact shows its own
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00738-00164503-00164814 polar wander path during the late 1950s
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00739-00164815-00165012 it was successfully shown on two
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00740-00165013-00165198 occasions that these data could show the
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00741-00165199-00165408 validity of continental drift by Keith
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00742-00165409-00165735 Runcorn in a paper in 1956 and by Warren
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00743-00165736-00166050 Kerry in a symposium held in March 1956
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00744-00166051-00166245 the second piece of evidence in support
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00745-00166246-00166440 of continental drift came during the
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00746-00166441-00166734 late 1950s and early 60s from data on
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00747-00166735-00166926 the bathymetry of the deep ocean floors
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00748-00166927-00167151 and the nature of the oceanic crust such
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00749-00167152-00167325 as magnetic properties and more
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00750-00167326-00167520 generally with the development of marine
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00751-00167521-00167718 geology which gave evidence for the
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00752-00167719-00167934 association of seafloor spreading along
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00753-00167935-00168144 the mid-oceanic ridges and magnetic
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00754-00168145-00168411 field reversals published between 1959
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00755-00168412-00168783 and 1963 by he's and Dietz hess Mason
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00756-00168784-00168960 vine and Matthews and Morley
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00757-00168961-00169212 simultaneous advances in early seismic
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00758-00169213-00169386 imaging techniques in and around WA
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00759-00169387-00169599 Dottie Benioff zones along the trenches
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00760-00169600-00169776 bounding many continental margins
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00761-00169777-00170034 together with many other geophysical eg
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00762-00170035-00170219 gravimetric and geological observations
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00763-00170220-00170463 showed how the oceanic crust could
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00764-00170464-00170646 disappear into the mantle providing the
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00765-00170647-00170829 mechanism to balance the extension of
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00766-00170830-00171006 the ocean basins with shortening along
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00767-00171007-00171288 its margins all this evidence both from
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00768-00171289-00171474 the ocean floor and from the continental
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00769-00171475-00171774 margins made it clear around 1965 that
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00770-00171775-00171957 continental drift was feasible in the
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00771-00171958-00172158 theory of plate tectonics which was
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00772-00172159-00172373 defined in a series of papers between
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00773-00172374-00172737 1965 and 1967 was born with all its
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00774-00172738-00172917 extraordinary explanatory and predictive
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00775-00172918-00173046 power
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00776-00173047-00173250 the theory revolutionized the earth
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00777-00173251-00173493 sciences explaining a diverse range of
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00778-00173494-00173658 geological phenomena and their
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00779-00173659-00173835 implications in other studies such as
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00780-00173836-00174357 paleo geography and paleobiology
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00781-00174358-00174881 topic continental drift
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00782-00174882-00175109 in the late 19th and early 20th
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00783-00175110-00175346 centuries geologists assumed that the
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00784-00175347-00175523 Earth's major features were fixed and
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00785-00175524-00175712 that most geologic features such as
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00786-00175713-00175919 basin development and mountain ranges
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00787-00175920-00176111 could be explained by vertical crustal
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00788-00176112-00176278 movement described in what is called the
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00789-00176279-00176590 geo synclinal theory generally this was
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00790-00176591-00176783 placed in the context of a contracting
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00791-00176784-00176962 planet earth due to heat loss in the
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00792-00176963-00177175 course of a relatively short geological
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00793-00177176-00177548 time it was observed as early as 1596
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00794-00177549-00177746 that the opposite coasts of the Atlantic
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00795-00177747-00178039 Ocean or more precisely the edges of the
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00796-00178040-00178283 continental shelves have similar shapes
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00797-00178284-00178429 and seemed to have once fitted together
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00798-00178430-00178631 since that time many theories were
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00799-00178632-00178791 proposed to explain this apparent
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00800-00178792-00178999 complementarity but the assumption of a
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00801-00179000-00179191 solid earth made these various proposals
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00802-00179192-00179399 difficult to accept the discovery of
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00803-00179400-00179633 radioactivity and its associated heating
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00804-00179634-00179866 properties in 1895 prompted a
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00805-00179867-00180071 reexamination of the apparent age of the
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00806-00180072-00180112 earth
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00807-00180113-00180356 this had previously been estimated by
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00808-00180357-00180545 its cooling rate under the assumption
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00809-00180546-00180715 that the Earth's surface radiated like a
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00810-00180716-00181034 blackbody those calculations had implied
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00811-00181035-00181240 that even if it started at red heat the
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00812-00181241-00181399 earth would have dropped to its present
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00813-00181400-00181595 temperature in a few tens of millions of
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00814-00181596-00181840 years armed with the knowledge of a new
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00815-00181841-00182057 heat source scientists realized that the
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00816-00182058-00182231 earth would be much older and that its
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00817-00182232-00182411 core was still sufficiently hot to be
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00818-00182412-00182791 liquid by 1915 after having published a
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00819-00182792-00183064 first article in 1912 Alfred Wegener was
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00820-00183065-00183293 making serious arguments for the idea of
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00821-00183294-00183461 continental drift in the first edition
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00822-00183462-00183668 of the origin of continents and oceans
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00823-00183669-00183959 in that book reissued in four successive
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00824-00183960-00184268 editions up to the final one in 1936 he
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00825-00184269-00184418 noted how the east coast of South
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00826-00184419-00184586 America and the west coast of Africa
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00827-00184587-00184798 looked as if they were once attached
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00828-00184799-00185036 Wegener was not the first to note this
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00829-00185037-00185261 abraham ortelius antonio snyder
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00830-00185262-00185539 Pellegrini Eduard zeus roberto Mantovani
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00831-00185540-00185779 and frank Bursley Taylor preceded him
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00832-00185780-00185960 just to mention a few but he was the
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00833-00185961-00186170 first to marshal significant fossil and
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00834-00186171-00186415 paleo topographical and climatological
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00835-00186416-00186565 evidence to support this simple
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00836-00186566-00186770 observation and was supported in this by
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00837-00186771-00186985 researchers such as Alex du Toit
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00838-00186986-00187223 furthermore when the rock strata of the
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00839-00187224-00187406 margins of separate continents are very
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00840-00187407-00187598 similar it suggests that these rocks
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00841-00187599-00187786 were formed in the same way implying
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00842-00187787-00188006 that they were joined initially for
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00843-00188007-00188183 instance parts of Scotland and Ireland
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00844-00188184-00188276 contained
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00845-00188277-00188447 rocks very similar to those found in
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00846-00188448-00188614 Newfoundland and New Brunswick
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00847-00188615-00188867 furthermore the Caledonian mountains of
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00848-00188868-00189041 Europe and parts of the Appalachian
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00849-00189042-00189191 Mountains of North America are very
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00850-00189192-00189451 similar in structure and lethargy
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00851-00189452-00189710 however his ideas were not taken
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00852-00189711-00189956 seriously by many geologists who pointed
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00853-00189957-00190136 out that there was no apparent mechanism
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00854-00190137-00190421 for continental drift specifically they
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00855-00190422-00190607 did not see how continental rock could
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00856-00190608-00190775 plow through the much denser rock that
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00857-00190776-00190945 makes up oceanic crust
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00858-00190946-00191198 Wegener could not explain the force that
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00859-00191199-00191363 drove continental drift and his
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00860-00191364-00191564 vindication did not come until after his
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00861-00191565-00191965 death in 1930
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00862-00191966-00192253 topic floating continents paleomagnetism
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00863-00192254-00192751 and seismicity zones
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00864-00192752-00192967 as it was observed early that although
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00865-00192968-00193204 granite existed on continents seafloor
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00866-00193205-00193399 seemed to be composed of denser basalt
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00867-00193400-00193600 the prevailing concept during the first
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00868-00193601-00193804 half of the 20th century was that there
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00869-00193805-00194070 were two types of crust named Syal
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00870-00194071-00194467 continental type crust and Sima oceanic
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00871-00194468-00194698 type crust furthermore it was supposed
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00872-00194699-00194872 that a static shell of strata was
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00873-00194873-00195076 present under the continents if
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00874-00195077-00195262 therefore looked a parent that a layer
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00875-00195263-00195334 of basalt
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00876-00195335-00195600 siyul underlies the continental rocks
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00877-00195601-00195895 however based on abnormalities in plumb
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00878-00195896-00196084 line deflection by the Andes in Peru
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00879-00196085-00196288 Pierre Bouguer had deduced that less
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00880-00196289-00196459 dense mountains must have the downward
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00881-00196460-00196609 projection into the denser layer
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00882-00196610-00196870 underneath the concept that mountains
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00883-00196871-00197221 had roots was confirmed by Georg Bieri a
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00884-00197222-00197410 hundred years later during study of
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00885-00197411-00197605 Himalayan gravitation and seismic
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00886-00197606-00197794 studies detected corresponding density
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00887-00197795-00198139 variations therefore by the mid-1950s
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00888-00198140-00198373 the question remained unresolved as to
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00889-00198374-00198526 whether mountain roots were clenched in
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00890-00198527-00198706 surrounding basalt or were floating on
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00891-00198707-00198991 it like an iceberg during the 20th
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00892-00198992-00199219 century improvements in greater use of
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00893-00199220-00199453 seismic instruments such as seismographs
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00894-00199454-00199621 enabled scientists to learn that
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00895-00199622-00199810 earthquakes tend to be concentrated in
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00896-00199811-00200032 specific areas most notably along the
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00897-00200033-00200323 oceanic trenches and spreading ridges by
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00898-00200324-00200464 the late 1920s
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00899-00200465-00200629 seismologists were beginning to identify
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00900-00200630-00200851 several prominent earthquake zones
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00901-00200852-00201055 parallel to the trenches that typically
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00902-00201056-00201280 were inclined 40 to 60 degrees from the
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00903-00201281-00201496 horizontal and extended several hundred
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00904-00201497-00201733 kilometers into the earth these zones
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00905-00201734-00201952 later became known as Witte Benioff
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00906-00201953-00202207 zones or simply Benioff zones in honor
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00907-00202208-00202366 of the seismologists who first
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00908-00202367-00202621 recognized them Fiona T of Japan and
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00909-00202622-00202909 Hugo Benioff of the United States the
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00910-00202910-00203122 study of global seismicity greatly
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00911-00203123-00203323 advanced in the 1960s with the
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00912-00203324-00203461 establishment of the worldwide
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00913-00203462-00203833 standardised seismograph Network ww SSN
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00914-00203834-00204079 to monitor the compliance of the 1963
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00915-00204080-00204292 treaty banning above-ground testing of
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00916-00204293-00204571 nuclear weapons the much improved data
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00917-00204572-00204839 from the wws SN instruments allowed
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00918-00204840-00205075 seismologists to map precisely the zones
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00919-00205076-00205332 of earthquake concentration worldwide
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00920-00205333-00205576 meanwhile debates developed around the
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00921-00205577-00205804 phenomena of polar wander since the
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00922-00205805-00205959 early debates of continental drift
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00923-00205960-00206125 scientists had discussed
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00924-00206126-00206319 in used evidence that polar drift had
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00925-00206321-00206469 occurred because continent seemed to
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00926-00206471-00206629 have moved through different climatic
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00927-00206630-00206871 zones during the past furthermore
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00928-00206873-00207090 paleomagnetic data had shown that the
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00929-00207091-00207280 magnetic pole had also shifted during
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00930-00207281-00207567 time reasoning in an opposite way the
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00931-00207569-00207709 continents might have shifted and
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00932-00207710-00207859 rotated while the pole remained
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00933-00207860-00208123 relatively fixed the first time the
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00934-00208123-00208327 evidence of magnetic polar wander was
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00935-00208328-00208471 used to support the movements of
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00936-00208471-00208644 continents was in a paper by Keith
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00937-00208646-00208978 Runcorn in 1956 and successive papers by
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00938-00208979-00209163 him and his students Ted Irving who was
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00939-00209164-00209346 actually the first to be convinced of
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00940-00209348-00209562 the fact that paleomagnetism supported
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00941-00209563-00209857 continental drift and ken career this
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00942-00209858-00210069 was immediately followed by a symposium
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00943-00210071-00210427 in Tasmania in March 1956 in this
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00944-00210428-00210628 symposium the evidence was used in the
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00945-00210629-00210784 theory of an expansion of the global
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00946-00210785-00211105 crust in this hypothesis the shifting of
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00947-00211106-00211285 the continents can be simply explained
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00948-00211286-00211477 by a large increase in size of the earth
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00949-00211478-00211756 since its formation however this was
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00950-00211757-00211966 unsatisfactory because its supporters
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00951-00211967-00212158 could offer no convincing mechanism to
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00952-00212159-00212346 produce a significant expansion of the
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00953-00212348-00212587 earth certainly there is no evidence
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00954-00212588-00212821 that the moon has expanded in the past 3
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00955-00212821-00213031 billion years other work would soon show
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00956-00213032-00213223 that the evidence was equally in support
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00957-00213223-00213400 of continental drift on a globe with a
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00958-00213401-00213717 stable radius during the 30s up to the
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00959-00213719-00213985 late 50s works by Venning - homes on
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00960-00213986-00214177 Grove and numerous others outlined
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00961-00214178-00214363 concepts that were closer nearly
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00962-00214364-00214567 identical to modern plate tectonics
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00963-00214567-00214828 theory in particular the English
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00964-00214829-00215121 geologist Arthur Holmes proposed in 1920
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00965-00215123-00215284 that plate junctions might lie beneath
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00966-00215285-00215544 the sea and in 1928 that convection
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00967-00215546-00215698 currents within the mantle might be the
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00968-00215698-00215965 driving force often these contributions
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00969-00215966-00216187 are forgotten because
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00970-00216188-00216391 at the time continental drift was not
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00971-00216392-00216569 accepted
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00972-00216569-00216796 some of these ideas were discussed in
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00973-00216798-00216986 the context of abandoned fix cystic
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00974-00216987-00217157 ideas of a deforming globe without
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00975-00217158-00217405 continental drift or an expanding earth
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00976-00217406-00217667 they were published during an episode of
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00977-00217667-00217846 extreme political and economic
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00978-00217848-00218036 instability that hampered scientific
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00979-00218037-00218317 communication many were published by
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00980-00218319-00218525 European scientists and at first not
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00981-00218526-00218711 mentioned or given little credit in the
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00982-00218712-00218915 papers on seafloor spreading published
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00983-00218916-00219456 by the American researchers in the 1960s
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00984-00219457-00219750 topic mid-oceanic ridge spreading in
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00985-00219751-00220119 convection
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00986-00220121-00220446 in 1947 a team of scientists led by
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00987-00220448-00220654 Maurice Ewing utilizing the woods hole
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00988-00220655-00220848 oceanographic institutions research
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00989-00220850-00221032 vessel Atlantis and an array of
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00990-00221033-00221248 instruments confirmed the existence of a
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00991-00221248-00221442 rise in the central Atlantic Ocean and
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00992-00221444-00221596 found that the floor of the seabed
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00993-00221596-00221800 beneath the layer of sediments consisted
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00994-00221801-00221983 of basalt not the granite which is the
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00995-00221984-00222244 main constituent of continents they also
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00996-00222244-00222454 found that the oceanic crust was much
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00997-00222455-00222723 thinner than continental crust all these
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00998-00222725-00222907 new findings raised important and
Iy2BL_dnwS8-00999-00222908-00223096 intriguing questions the new data that
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01000-00223096-00223264 had been collected on the ocean basins
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01001-00223265-00223507 also showed particular characteristics
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01002-00223508-00223741 regarding the bathymetry one of the
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01003-00223742-00223942 major outcomes of these datasets was
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01004-00223942-00224134 that all along the globe a system of
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01005-00224135-00224355 mid-oceanic ridges was detected an
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01006-00224356-00224592 important conclusion was that along this
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01007-00224594-00224800 system new ocean floor was being created
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01008-00224801-00225040 which led to the concept of that great
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01009-00225041-00225328 global rift this was described in the
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01010-00225329-00225625 crucial paper of Bruce heezen 1960 which
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01011-00225626-00225790 would trigger a real revolution in
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01012-00225791-00226051 thinking a profound consequence of
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01013-00226052-00226258 seafloor spreading is that new crust was
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01014-00226259-00226467 and still is being continually created
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01015-00226469-00226765 along the oceanic ridges therefore he's
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01016-00226766-00227011 an advocated the so called expanding
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01017-00227012-00227319 earth hypothesis of s war and carry sea
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01018-00227321-00227581 above so still the question remained how
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01019-00227582-00227764 can new crust be continuously added
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01020-00227765-00227923 along the oceanic ridges without
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01021-00227923-00228058 increasing the size of the earth
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01022-00228059-00228367 in reality this question had been solved
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01023-00228367-00228559 already by numerous scientists during
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01024-00228560-00228778 the 40s in the 50s like Arthur Holmes
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01025-00228779-00229048 Veni - coats and many others the crust
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01026-00229048-00229231 in excess disappeared along what were
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01027-00229232-00229405 called the oceanic trenches where
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01028-00229406-00229750 so-called subduction occurred therefore
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01029-00229751-00229957 when various scientists during the early
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01030-00229958-00230169 60s started to reason on the data at
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01031-00230171-00230365 their disposal regarding the ocean floor
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01032-00230366-00230563 the pieces of the theory quickly fell
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01033-00230564-00230878 into place the question particularly
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01034-00230879-00231096 intrigued Harry Hammond has a Princeton
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01035-00231098-00231334 University geologist and a naval reserve
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01036-00231335-00231550 Rear Admiral and Robert S Dietz a
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01037-00231551-00231748 scientist with the US Coast and geodetic
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01038-00231748-00231934 survey who first coined the term
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01039-00231935-00232204 seafloor spreading Dietz and hess the
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01040-00232205-00232417 former published the same idea one year
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01041-00232417-00232639 earlier in nature but priority belongs
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01042-00232640-00232840 to hess who had already distributed an
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01043-00232841-00233094 unpublished manuscript of his 1962
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01044-00233096-00233359 article by 1960 were among the small
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01045-00233360-00233485 handful who really on
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01046-00233486-00233680 stood the broad implications of seafloor
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01047-00233681-00233839 spreading and how it would eventually
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01048-00233840-00233994 agree with the at that time
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01049-00233996-00234235 unconventional and unaccepted ideas of
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01050-00234236-00234412 continental drift and the elegant and
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01051-00234413-00234625 mobile istic models proposed by previous
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01052-00234626-00234739 workers like holmes
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01053-00234740-00235051 in the same year robert r coats of the
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01054-00235052-00235291 US Geological Survey described the main
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01055-00235292-00235504 features of island arc subduction in the
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01056-00235505-00235780 Aleutian Islands his paper the little
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01057-00235781-00236008 noted and even ridiculed at the time has
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01058-00236009-00236319 since been called seminal and prescient
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01059-00236321-00236641 in reality it actually shows that the
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01060-00236642-00236817 work by the European scientists on
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01061-00236819-00237025 island arcs and mountain belts performed
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01062-00237026-00237235 and published during the 1930s up until
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01063-00237236-00237514 the 1950s was applied and appreciated
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01064-00237515-00237817 also in the United States if the Earth's
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01065-00237817-00238042 crust was expanding along the oceanic
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01066-00238042-00238210 ridges Hess and Dietz reasoned like
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01067-00238211-00238414 Holmes and others before them it must be
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01068-00238415-00238690 shrinking elsewhere has followed heezen
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01069-00238691-00238882 suggesting that new oceanic crust
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01070-00238883-00239065 continuously spreads away from the
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01071-00239066-00239233 ridges in a conveyor belt like motion
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01072-00239234-00239523 and using the mobile istic concepts
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01073-00239525-00239716 developed before he correctly concluded
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01074-00239717-00239944 that many millions of years later the
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01075-00239944-00240171 oceanic crust eventually descends along
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01076-00240173-00240373 the continental margins where oceanic
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01077-00240373-00240586 trenches very deep narrow canyons are
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01078-00240587-00240781 formed eg along the rim of the Pacific
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01079-00240782-00241105 Ocean basin the important step has made
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01080-00241106-00241279 was that convection currents would be
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01081-00241280-00241450 the driving force in this process
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01082-00241451-00241633 arriving at the same conclusions as
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01083-00241634-00241821 Holmes had decades before with the only
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01084-00241823-00241957 difference that the thinning of the
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01085-00241958-00242152 ocean crust was performed using he's
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01086-00242153-00242319 Anne's mechanism of spreading along the
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01087-00242321-00242598 ridges test therefore concluded that the
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01088-00242600-00242791 Atlantic Ocean was expanding while the
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01089-00242792-00243042 Pacific Ocean was shrinking as old
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01090-00243044-00243355 oceanic crust US consumed in the
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01091-00243356-00243532 trenches like Holmes and others he
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01092-00243533-00243688 thought this was done by thickening of
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01093-00243689-00243886 the continental lithosphere not as now
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01094-00243887-00244063 understood by under thrusting at a
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01095-00244064-00244306 larger scale of the oceanic crust itself
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01096-00244307-00244486 into the mantle new magma rises
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01097-00244487-00244671 interrupts along the spreading ridges to
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01098-00244673-00244951 form new crust in effect the ocean
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01099-00244952-00245196 basins are perpetually being recycled
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01100-00245198-00245434 with the creation of new crust and the
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01101-00245435-00245614 destruction of old oceanic lithosphere
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01102-00245615-00245935 occurring simultaneously thus the new
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01103-00245936-00246154 mobile istic concept neatly explained
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01104-00246155-00246319 why the earth does not get bigger with
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01105-00246319-00246496 seafloor spreading why there is so
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01106-00246496-00246664 little sediment accumulation on the
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01107-00246665-00246871 ocean floor and why oceanic
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01108-00246871-00247337 sar much younger than continental rocks
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01109-00247338-00247866 topic magnetic striping
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01110-00247867-00248171 beginning in the 1950s scientists like
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01111-00248173-00248346 victor von choir using magnetic
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01112-00248346-00248592 instruments magnetometers adapted from
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01113-00248592-00248787 airborne devices developed during World
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01114-00248788-00249006 War two to detect submarines began
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01115-00249007-00249219 recognizing odd magnetic variations
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01116-00249219-00249480 across the ocean floor this finding
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01117-00249481-00249666 though unexpected was not entirely
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01118-00249667-00249848 surprising because it was known that
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01119-00249850-00250101 basalt the iron rich volcanic rock
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01120-00250102-00250344 making up the ocean floor contains a
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01121-00250344-00250569 strongly magnetic mineral magnetite and
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01122-00250569-00250742 can locally distort compass readings
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01123-00250744-00251001 this distortion was recognized by
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01124-00251002-00251202 Icelandic Mariners as early as the late
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01125-00251203-00251529 18th century more important because the
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01126-00251530-00251717 presence of magnetite gives the basalt
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01127-00251719-00251931 measurable magnetic properties these
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01128-00251932-00252146 newly discovered magnetic variations
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01129-00252148-00252344 provided another means to study the deep
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01130-00252346-00252630 ocean floor when newly formed rock cools
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01131-00252631-00252873 such magnetic materials reported the
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01132-00252873-00253091 Earth's magnetic field at the time as
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01133-00253092-00253350 more and more of the seafloor was mapped
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01134-00253351-00253629 during the 1950s the magnetic variations
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01135-00253630-00253848 turned out not to be random or isolated
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01136-00253848-00254016 occurrences but instead revealed
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01137-00254017-00254262 recognizable patterns when these
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01138-00254263-00254442 magnetic patterns were mapped over a
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01139-00254442-00254642 wide region the ocean floor showed a
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01140-00254644-00254835 zebra like pattern one stripe with
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01141-00254836-00255039 normal polarity and the adjoining stripe
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01142-00255040-00255285 with reversed polarity the overall
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01143-00255286-00255477 pattern defined by these alternating
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01144-00255478-00255644 bands of normally and reversely
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01145-00255646-00255867 polarized rock became known as magnetic
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01146-00255867-00256086 striping and was published by Ron G
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01147-00256087-00256398 Mason and co-workers in 1961 who did not
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01148-00256398-00256590 find though an explanation for these
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01149-00256591-00256817 data in terms of seafloor spreading like
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01150-00256819-00257021 Vine Matthews and Morley a few years
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01151-00257023-00257256 later the discovery of magnetic striping
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01152-00257257-00257505 called for an explanation in the early
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01153-00257506-00257778 1960s scientists such as he's and hess
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01154-00257779-00257940 and Dietz had begun to theorize that
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01155-00257941-00258144 mid-ocean ridges marked structurally
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01156-00258144-00258327 weak zones where the ocean floor was
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01157-00258328-00258513 being ripped into lengthwise along the
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01158-00258514-00258716 ridge crest see the previous paragraph
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01159-00258717-00258944 new magma from deep within the earth
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01160-00258946-00259146 rises easily through these weak zones
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01161-00259146-00259335 and eventually erupt so long the crest
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01162-00259336-00259530 of the ridges to create new oceanic
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01163-00259531-00259860 crust this process at first denominated
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01164-00259861-00260067 the conveyor belt hypothesis and later
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01165-00260067-00260289 called seafloor spreading operating over
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01166-00260290-00260496 many millions of years continues to form
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01167-00260496-00260696 new ocean floor all across the 50
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01168-00260698-00260901 thousand km long system of mid-ocean
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01169-00260902-00261194 ridges only four years after the maps
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01170-00261196-00261246 with the
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01171-00261246-00261438 zebra pattern of magnetic stripes were
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01172-00261439-00261633 published the link between seafloor
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01173-00261634-00261783 spreading and these patterns was
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01174-00261784-00261971 correctly placed independently by
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01175-00261973-00262170 Lawrence Morley and by Fred vine and
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01176-00262171-00262460 Drummond Matthews in 1963 now called
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01177-00262461-00262749 divine Matthews Morley hypothesis this
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01178-00262750-00262938 hypothesis linked these patterns to
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01179-00262939-00263175 geomagnetic reversals and was supported
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01180-00263176-00263379 by several lines of evidence the stripes
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01181-00263380-00263556 are symmetrical around the crests of the
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01182-00263557-00263766 mid-ocean ridges at or near the crest of
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01183-00263767-00263952 the ridge the rocks are very young and
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01184-00263953-00264132 they become progressively older away
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01185-00264133-00264318 from the ridge crest the youngest rocks
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01186-00264319-00264477 at the ridge crest always have
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01187-00264478-00264720 present-day normal polarity stripes of
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01188-00264721-00264873 rock parallel to the ridge crest
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01189-00264874-00265098 alternate in magnetic polarity normal
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01190-00265099-00265344 reversed normal etc suggesting that they
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01191-00265345-00265494 were formed during different epochs
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01192-00265495-00265674 documenting the already known from
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01193-00265675-00265896 independent studies normal and reversal
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01194-00265897-00266067 episodes of the Earth's magnetic field
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01195-00266068-00266274 by explaining both the zebra like
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01196-00266275-00266475 magnetic striping and the construction
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01197-00266476-00266640 of the mid-ocean ridge system the
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01198-00266641-00266868 seafloor spreading hypothesis SF s
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01199-00266869-00267090 quickly gained converts and represented
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01200-00267091-00267291 another major advance in the development
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01201-00267292-00267464 of the plate tectonics theory
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01202-00267465-00267734 furthermore the oceanic crust now came
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01203-00267735-00267930 to be appreciated as a natural tape
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01204-00267931-00268085 recording of the history of the
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01205-00268086-00268392 geomagnetic field reversals G MFR of the
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01206-00268393-00268698 Earth's magnetic field today extensive
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01207-00268699-00268910 studies are dedicated to the calibration
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01208-00268911-00269094 of the normal reversal patterns in the
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01209-00269095-00269298 oceanic crust on one hand and known
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01210-00269299-00269483 timescales derived from the dating of
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01211-00269484-00269699 basalt layers in sedimentary sequences
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01212-00269700-00269940 magnetostatic Rafi on the other to
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01213-00269941-00270123 arrive at estimates of past spreading
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01214-00270124-00270405 rates and plate reconstructions topic
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01215-00270406-00270606 definition and refining of the theory
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01216-00270607-00270807 after all these considerations plate
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01217-00270808-00271020 tectonics or as it was initially called
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01218-00271021-00271239 new global tectonics became quickly
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01219-00271240-00271437 accepted in the scientific world and
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01220-00271438-00271626 numerous papers followed that defined
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01221-00271627-00271950 the concepts in 1965 Tuesday Wilson who
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01222-00271951-00272097 had been a promoter of the seafloor
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01223-00272098-00272298 spreading hypothesis and continental
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01224-00272299-00272499 drift from the very beginning added the
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01225-00272500-00272724 concept of transform faults to the model
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01226-00272725-00272913 completing the classes of fault types
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01227-00272914-00273105 necessary to make the mobility of the
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01228-00273106-00273363 plates on the globe work out a symposium
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01229-00273364-00273567 on continental drift was held at the
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01230-00273568-00273882 Royal Society of London in 1965 which
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01231-00273883-00274077 must be regarded as the official start
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01232-00274078-00274283 of the acceptance of plate tectonics by
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01233-00274284-00274452 the scientific community and which
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01234-00274453-00274630 abstracts are issued as black
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01235-00274631-00274964 Bullard and Runcorn 1965 in this
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01236-00274965-00275192 symposium Edward Bullard and co-workers
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01237-00275193-00275393 showed with a computer calculation how
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01238-00275394-00275567 the continents along both sides of the
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01239-00275568-00275743 Atlantic would best fit to close the
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01240-00275744-00275918 ocean which became known as the famous
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01241-00275919-00276287 Bullards fit in 1966 Wilson published
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01242-00276288-00276484 the paper that referred to previous
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01243-00276485-00276658 plate tectonic reconstructions
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01244-00276659-00276859 introducing the concept of what is now
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01245-00276860-00277234 known as the Wilson cycle in 1967 at the
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01246-00277235-00277490 American Geophysical Union meeting W
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01247-00277491-00277672 Jason Morgan proposed that the Earth's
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01248-00277673-00277892 surface consists of twelve rigid plates
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01249-00277893-00278141 that move relative to each other two
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01250-00278142-00278209 months later
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01251-00278210-00278422 xaviar look pitchin published a complete
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01252-00278423-00278632 model based on six major plates with
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01253-00278633-00278797 their relative motions which marked the
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01254-00278798-00278987 final acceptance by the scientific
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01255-00278988-00279268 community of plate tectonics in the same
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01256-00279269-00279502 year Mackenzie and Parker independently
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01257-00279503-00279689 presented a model similar to Morgan's
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01258-00279690-00279901 using translations and rotations on a
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01259-00279902-00280433 sphere to define the plate motions
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01260-00280434-00281009 topic plate tectonics revolution
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01261-00281010-00281265 the plate tectonics revolution was the
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01262-00281266-00281456 scientific and cultural change which
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01263-00281457-00281619 developed from the acceptance of the
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01264-00281620-00281895 plate tectonics theory the event was a
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01265-00281896-00282429 paradigm shift in scientific revolution
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01266-00282430-00283095 topic implications for biogeography
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01267-00283096-00283324 continental drift theory helps bio
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01268-00283325-00283558 geographers to explain the disjunct bio
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01269-00283559-00283768 geographic distribution of present-day
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01270-00283769-00283975 life found on different continents but
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01271-00283976-00284272 having similar ancestors in particular
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01272-00284273-00284494 it explains the gondwanan distribution
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01273-00284495-00285042 of ratites in the Antarctic flora
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01274-00285043-00285566 topic plate reconstruction
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01275-00285567-00285804 reconstruction is used to establish past
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01276-00285805-00286058 and future plate configurations helping
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01277-00286059-00286215 determine the shape and make up of
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01278-00286216-00286413 ancient supercontinent sand providing a
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01279-00286414-00286854 basis for paleo geography
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01280-00286855-00287426 topic defining plate boundaries
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01281-00287427-00287669 current plate boundaries are defined by
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01282-00287670-00287900 their seismicity past plate boundaries
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01283-00287901-00288113 within existing plates are identified
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01284-00288114-00288326 from a variety of evidence such as the
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01285-00288327-00288494 presence of ophiolite EES that are
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01286-00288495-00288984 indicative of vanished oceans
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01287-00288985-00289472 topic passed plate motions
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01288-00289473-00289694 tectonic motion is believed to have
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01289-00289695-00289984 begun around 3 to 3.5 billion years ago
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01290-00289985-00290234 various types of quantitative and semi
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01291-00290235-00290393 quantitative information are available
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01292-00290394-00290699 to constrain past plate motions the
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01293-00290700-00290935 geometric fit between continents such as
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01294-00290936-00291173 between West Africa and South America is
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01295-00291174-00291329 still an important part of plate
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01296-00291330-00291617 reconstruction magnetic stripe patterns
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01297-00291618-00291821 provide a reliable guide to relative
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01298-00291822-00291989 plate motions going back into the
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01299-00291990-00292268 Jurassic period the tracks of hot spots
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01300-00292269-00292493 give absolute reconstructions but these
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01301-00292494-00292637 are only available back to the
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01302-00292638-00292922 Cretaceous older reconstructions rely
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01303-00292923-00293126 mainly on paleo magnetic pole data
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01304-00293127-00293284 although these only constrain the
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01305-00293285-00293477 latitude and rotation but not the
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01306-00293478-00293756 longitude combining poles of different
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01307-00293757-00293972 ages in a particular plate to produce a
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01308-00293973-00294179 parent polar wander paths provides a
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01309-00294180-00294347 method for comparing the motions of
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01310-00294348-00294605 different plates through time additional
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01311-00294606-00294800 evidence comes from the distribution of
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01312-00294801-00295016 certain sedimentary rock types final
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01313-00295017-00295205 provinces shown by particular fossil
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01314-00295206-00295409 groups and the position of orogenic
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01315-00295410-00295723 belts
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01316-00295724-00295984 topic formation and breakup of
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01317-00295985-00296352 continents
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01318-00296353-00296568 the movement of plates has caused the
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01319-00296569-00296769 formation and breakup of continents over
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01320-00296770-00297006 time including occasional formation of a
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01321-00297007-00297210 supercontinent that contains most or all
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01322-00297211-00297444 of the continents the supercontinent
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01323-00297445-00297666 Columbia our nuna formed during a period
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01324-00297667-00297858 of two thousand two one thousand eight
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01325-00297859-00298056 hundred million years ago and broke up
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01326-00298057-00298248 about one thousand five hundred to one
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01327-00298249-00298466 thousand three hundred million years ago
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01328-00298467-00298740 the supercontinent Rodinia is thought to
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01329-00298741-00298971 have formed about 1 billion year ago and
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01330-00298972-00299148 to have embodied most or all of Earth's
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01331-00299149-00299325 continents and broken up into eight
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01332-00299326-00299568 continents around 600 million years ago
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01333-00299569-00299820 the eight continents later reassembled
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01334-00299821-00300000 into another supercontinent called
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01335-00300001-00300240 Pangaea Pangaea broke up into Laurasia
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01336-00300241-00300441 which became North America and Eurasia
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01337-00300442-00300666 and Gondwana which became the remaining
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01338-00300667-00300957 continents the Himalayas the world's
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01339-00300958-00301137 tallest mountain range are assumed to
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01340-00301138-00301305 have been formed by the collision of two
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01341-00301306-00301566 major plates before uplift they were
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01342-00301567-00302063 covered by the teddies ocean
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01343-00302064-00302536 topic current plates
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01344-00302537-00302764 depending on how they are defined there
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01345-00302765-00303070 are usually seven or eight major plates
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01346-00303071-00303337 african antarctic Eurasian North
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01347-00303338-00303577 American South American Pacific and
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01348-00303578-00303859 indo-australian the latter is sometimes
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01349-00303860-00304027 subdivided into the Indian and
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01350-00304028-00304321 Australian plates there are dozens of
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01351-00304322-00304522 smaller plates the seven largest of
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01352-00304523-00304741 which are the Arabian Caribbean Juan de
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01353-00304742-00305020 Fuca kokis Nazca Philippine Sea and
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01354-00305021-00305296 Scotia the current motion of the
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01355-00305297-00305506 tectonic plates as today determined by
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01356-00305507-00305704 remote sensing satellite datasets
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01357-00305705-00305881 calibrated with ground station
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01358-00305882-00306313 measurements
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01359-00306314-00306595 topic other celestial bodies planets
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01360-00306596-00307008 moons
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01361-00307009-00307251 the appearance of plate tectonics on
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01362-00307252-00307425 terrestrial planets is related to
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01363-00307426-00307662 planetary mass with more massive planets
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01364-00307663-00307836 than earth expected to exhibit plate
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01365-00307837-00308106 tectonics earth may be a borderline case
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01366-00308107-00308370 owing it's tectonic activity to abundant
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01367-00308371-00308577 water silica and water form a deep
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01368-00308578-00308996 eutectic
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01369-00308997-00309387 pick Venus
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01370-00309388-00309636 Venus shows no evidence of active plate
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01371-00309637-00309891 tectonics there is debatable evidence of
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01372-00309892-00310110 active tectonics in the planets distant
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01373-00310111-00310155 past
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01374-00310156-00310368 however events taking place since then
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01375-00310369-00310560 such as the plausible and generally
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01376-00310561-00310755 accepted hypothesis that the Venusian
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01377-00310756-00310950 lithosphere has thickened greatly over
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01378-00310951-00311103 the course of several hundred million
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01379-00311104-00311298 years has made constraining the course
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01380-00311299-00311589 of its geologic record difficult however
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01381-00311590-00311784 the numerous well preserved impact
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01382-00311785-00311991 craters have been utilized as a dating
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01383-00311992-00312150 method to approximately date the
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01384-00312151-00312321 Venusian surface since there are thus
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01385-00312322-00312543 far no known samples of Venusian rock to
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01386-00312544-00312813 be dated by more reliable methods dates
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01387-00312814-00313026 derived are dominantly in the range 500
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01388-00313027-00313365 to 750 million years ago although ages
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01389-00313366-00313641 of up to 1200 million years ago have
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01390-00313642-00313917 been calculated this research has led to
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01391-00313918-00314142 the fairly well accepted hypothesis that
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01392-00314143-00314322 Venus has undergone an essentially
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01393-00314323-00314532 complete volcanic resurfacing at least
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01394-00314533-00314730 once in its distant past with the last
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01395-00314731-00314946 event taking place approximately within
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01396-00314947-00315138 the range of estimated surface ages
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01397-00315139-00315360 while the mechanism of such an
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01398-00315361-00315540 impressive thermal event remains a
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01399-00315541-00315771 debated issue in Venusian geosciences
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01400-00315772-00315954 some scientists are advocates of
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01401-00315955-00316176 processes involving plate motion to some
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01402-00316177-00316512 extent one explanation for Venus's lack
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01403-00316513-00316707 of plate tectonics is that on Venus
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01404-00316708-00316827 temperatures are too high for
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01405-00316828-00317097 significant water to be present the
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01406-00317098-00317280 Earth's crust is soaked with water and
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01407-00317281-00317469 water plays an important role in the
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01408-00317470-00317712 development of shear zones plate
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01409-00317713-00317949 tectonics requires weak surfaces in the
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01410-00317950-00318147 crust along which crustal slices can
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01411-00318148-00318309 move and it may well be that such
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01412-00318310-00318498 weakening never took place on Venus
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01413-00318499-00318744 because of the absence of water however
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01414-00318745-00318963 some researchers remain convinced that
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01415-00318964-00319179 plate tectonics is or was once active on
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01416-00319180-00319506 this planet
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01417-00319507-00319983 topic Mars
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01418-00319984-00320232 Mars is considerably smaller than Earth
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01419-00320233-00320421 and Venus and there is evidence for ice
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01420-00320422-00320721 on its surface and in its crust in the
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01421-00320722-00320964 1990s it was proposed that Martian
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01422-00320965-00321183 crustal dichotomy was created by plate
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01423-00321184-00321477 tectonic processes scientists today
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01424-00321478-00321684 disagree and think that it was created
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01425-00321685-00321858 either by upwelling within the Martian
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01426-00321859-00322005 mantle that thickened the crust of the
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01427-00322006-00322215 southern highlands and formed Tharsis or
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01428-00322216-00322425 by a giant impact that excavated the
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01429-00322426-00322650 northern lowlands vias Marineris may be
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01430-00322651-00322893 a tectonic boundary observations made of
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01431-00322894-00323085 the magnetic field of Mars by the Mars
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01432-00323086-00323355 Global Surveyor spacecraft in 1999
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01433-00323356-00323559 showed patterns of magnetic striping
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01434-00323560-00323775 discovered on this planet some
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01435-00323776-00323946 scientists interpreted these as
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01436-00323947-00324204 requiring plate tectonic processes such
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01437-00324205-00324480 as seafloor spreading however their data
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01438-00324481-00324825 fela magnetic reversal test which is
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01439-00324826-00324966 used to see if they were formed by
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01440-00324967-00325161 flipping polarities of a global magnetic
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01441-00325162-00325557 field
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01442-00325558-00325854 topic I see satellites
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01443-00325855-00326035 you
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01444-00326036-00326270 some of the satellites of Jupiter have
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01445-00326271-00326444 features that may be related to plate
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01446-00326445-00326656 tectonics tile deformation although the
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01447-00326657-00326875 materials and specific mechanisms may be
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01448-00326876-00327044 different from plate tectonic activity
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01449-00327045-00327371 on earth on the 8th of September 2014
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01450-00327372-00327628 NASA reported finding evidence of plate
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01451-00327629-00327842 tectonics on Europa a satellite of
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01452-00327843-00328078 Jupiter the first sign of subduction
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01453-00328079-00328258 activity on another world other than
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01454-00328259-00328469 Earth Titan the largest moon of Saturn
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01455-00328470-00328667 was reported to show tectonic activity
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01456-00328668-00328900 in images taken by the Huygens probe
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01457-00328901-00329519 which landed on Titan on January 14 2005
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01458-00329520-00330031 topic exoplanets
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01459-00330032-00330310 on earth sized planets plate tectonics
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01460-00330311-00330487 is more likely if there are oceans of
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01461-00330488-00330880 water however in 2007 two independent
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01462-00330881-00331057 teams of researchers came to opposing
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01463-00331058-00331231 conclusions about the likelihood of
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01464-00331232-00331450 plate tectonics on larger super-earths
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01465-00331451-00331615 with one team saying that plate
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01466-00331616-00331846 tectonics would be episodic or stagnant
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01467-00331847-00332008 and the other team saying that plate
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01468-00332009-00332233 tectonics is very likely on super Earths
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01469-00332234-00332476 even if the planet is dry consideration
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01470-00332477-00332653 of plate tectonics as a part of the
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01471-00332654-00332803 search for extraterrestrial intelligence
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01472-00332804-00333139 and extraterrestrial life topics see
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01473-00333140-00333409 also topic references topic notes topics
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01474-00333410-00333649 cited books topics cited articles topic
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01475-00333650-00333844 external links this dynamic earth the
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01476-00333845-00334176 story of plate tectonics usgs
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01477-00334177-00334525 understanding plate tectonics usgs an
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01478-00334526-00334849 explanation of tectonic forces example
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01479-00334850-00335017 of calculations to show that earth
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01480-00335018-00335370 rotation could be a driving force Byrd P
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01481-00335371-00335671 2003 an updated digital model of plate
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01482-00335672-00336064 boundaries map of tectonic plates mor ve
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01483-00336065-00336271 L plate velocity estimates and
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01484-00336272-00336598 information see de Mex d argus and r
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01485-00336599-00336847 Gordon plate tectonics on in our time at
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01486-00336848-00337102 the BBC topic videos Khan Academy
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01487-00337103-00337366 explanation of evidence 750 million
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01488-00337367-00337785 years of global tectonic activity movie
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01489-00337786-00338041 multiple videos of plate tectonic
Iy2BL_dnwS8-01490-00338042-00338494 movements quartz December 31st 2015
Iy-SoMJxZJu-00000-00000000-00000299 the Lakers at this point they were one
Iy-SoMJxZJu-00001-00000300-00000430 of the best teams in the second half of
Iy-SoMJxZJu-00002-00000431-00000641 the Season took care of the Grizzlies in
Iy-SoMJxZJu-00003-00000642-00000833 less than seven go up on the road like
Iy-SoMJxZJu-00004-00000834-00001085 you know I we sort of self-roasted
Iy-SoMJxZJu-00005-00001086-00001258 ourselves for talking about the Lakers
Iy-SoMJxZJu-00006-00001259-00001397 so much but this is one of the reasons
Iy-SoMJxZJu-00007-00001398-00001553 why we did because they knew they were
Iy-SoMJxZJu-00008-00001554-00001732 capable of this you know seeing what you
Iy-SoMJxZJu-00009-00001734-00001889 see tonight you know do you think
Iy-SoMJxZJu-00010-00001889-00002045 they're capable of pulling the upset
Iy-SoMJxZJu-00011-00002046-00002225 again oh I definitely do I mean it's
Iy-SoMJxZJu-00012-00002226-00002363 just a matter of like you know the
Iy-SoMJxZJu-00013-00002364-00002542 Mystique of Golden State I mean I think
Iy-SoMJxZJu-00014-00002543-00002747 Golden State showed us in the Sacramento
Iy-SoMJxZJu-00015-00002748-00002939 series you know when they were down 2-0
Iy-SoMJxZJu-00016-00002940-00003076 would never to count them out I think
Iy-SoMJxZJu-00017-00003077-00003233 this Laker team is a lot different than
Iy-SoMJxZJu-00018-00003234-00003443 Sacramento you know certainly with with
Iy-SoMJxZJu-00019-00003444-00003670 how Davis has played and you know I
Iy-SoMJxZJu-00020-00003671-00003820 think it's probably a little bit more
Iy-SoMJxZJu-00021-00003821-00003983 balanced here you know we're waiting for
Iy-SoMJxZJu-00022-00003984-00004138 what was it you know just the second
Iy-SoMJxZJu-00023-00004139-00004349 half of the Season okay you know they
Iy-SoMJxZJu-00024-00004350-00004451 played really well the second half
Iy-SoMJxZJu-00025-00004452-00004613 season now you add you know the Memphis
Iy-SoMJxZJu-00026-00004614-00004919 series here now there's the body of work
Iy-SoMJxZJu-00027-00004920-00005165 you know is starting to show that this
Iy-SoMJxZJu-00028-00005166-00005381 is a team that we you know if we haven't
Iy-SoMJxZJu-00029-00005382-00005513 already should you know start
Iy-SoMJxZJu-00030-00005514-00005704 considering as one of the Western
Iy-SoMJxZJu-00031-00005705-00006019 Conference heavyweights here
IyMU0sCFy7c-00000-00000090-00000316 Central West local Land Services small
IyMU0sCFy7c-00001-00000317-00000580 grants program offers an opportunity for
IyMU0sCFy7c-00002-00000581-00000761 both Community groups and Aboriginal
IyMU0sCFy7c-00003-00000762-00001025 owned and operated organizations to
IyMU0sCFy7c-00004-00001026-00001216 apply for funding for projects up to
IyMU0sCFy7c-00005-00001217-00001469 five thousand dollars projects should be
IyMU0sCFy7c-00006-00001470-00001679 aimed at providing outcomes towards the
IyMU0sCFy7c-00007-00001680-00001907 natural resource and cultural priorities
IyMU0sCFy7c-00008-00001907-00002189 outlined within the relevant guidelines
IyMU0sCFy7c-00009-00002190-00002399 applying is simple and this short video
IyMU0sCFy7c-00010-00002400-00002615 provides an overview of the application
IyMU0sCFy7c-00011-00002616-00002842 process
IyMU0sCFy7c-00012-00002843-00003107 local Land Services acknowledges that it
IyMU0sCFy7c-00013-00003108-00003353 stands on Country which always was and
IyMU0sCFy7c-00014-00003354-00003622 always will be Aboriginal land we
IyMU0sCFy7c-00015-00003623-00003803 acknowledge the traditional custodians
IyMU0sCFy7c-00016-00003804-00004013 of the land and Waters and we show our
IyMU0sCFy7c-00017-00004014-00004253 respect for elders past present and
IyMU0sCFy7c-00018-00004254-00004493 emerging we're committed to providing
IyMU0sCFy7c-00019-00004494-00004703 places in which Aboriginal people are
IyMU0sCFy7c-00020-00004704-00004985 included socially culturally and
IyMU0sCFy7c-00021-00004986-00005165 economically through thoughtful and
IyMU0sCFy7c-00022-00005166-00005506 collaborative approaches to our work
IyMU0sCFy7c-00023-00005507-00005747 accessing the information you need to
IyMU0sCFy7c-00024-00005748-00005981 apply is easy you can either visit our
IyMU0sCFy7c-00025-00005982-00006245 website and select grants and funding
IyMU0sCFy7c-00026-00006246-00006491 select the funding opportunities Banner
IyMU0sCFy7c-00027-00006492-00006683 or enter the link shown on your screen
IyMU0sCFy7c-00028-00006684-00007042 into your favorite browser
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IyMU0sCFy7c-00030-00007181-00007456 funding opportunities page your first
IyMU0sCFy7c-00031-00007458-00007631 step should always be reviewing the
IyMU0sCFy7c-00032-00007631-00007877 grant guidelines this provides you with
IyMU0sCFy7c-00033-00007878-00008077 information regarding your Eligibility
IyMU0sCFy7c-00034-00008078-00008321 Assessment criteria and the general
IyMU0sCFy7c-00035-00008322-00008573 terms and conditions of applying for a
IyMU0sCFy7c-00036-00008574-00008789 small Grant there are currently two
IyMU0sCFy7c-00037-00008790-00009010 streams of small Grants open the
IyMU0sCFy7c-00038-00009011-00009257 resilient Community small grads open to
IyMU0sCFy7c-00039-00009258-00009496 community groups and the connection to
IyMU0sCFy7c-00040-00009497-00009713 Country small Grants open to Aboriginal
IyMU0sCFy7c-00041-00009714-00009977 owned and operated organizations
IyMU0sCFy7c-00042-00009978-00010151 once you have reviewed the relevant
IyMU0sCFy7c-00043-00010152-00010427 guidelines and decided to apply select
IyMU0sCFy7c-00044-00010428-00010774 the relevant stream under how do I apply
IyMU0sCFy7c-00045-00010775-00010924 should you not be comfortable with
IyMU0sCFy7c-00046-00010925-00011164 applying online printable versions have
IyMU0sCFy7c-00047-00011165-00011542 been made available for you to download
IyMU0sCFy7c-00048-00011543-00011759 applications are to be made via the
IyMU0sCFy7c-00049-00011760-00011903 Central West local Land Services
IyMU0sCFy7c-00050-00011904-00012160 engagement Hub The Hub is a central
IyMU0sCFy7c-00051-00012161-00012424 engagement portal used to host funding
IyMU0sCFy7c-00052-00012425-00012688 opportunities Advisory Group recruitment
IyMU0sCFy7c-00053-00012689-00012941 at large-scale event promotion and
IyMU0sCFy7c-00054-00012941-00013186 resources and Community consultation and
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IyMU0sCFy7c-00060-00014286-00014483 applications and return to them at a
IyMU0sCFy7c-00061-00014484-00014716 later stage should you choose not to
IyMU0sCFy7c-00062-00014718-00014903 register you can still make an
IyMU0sCFy7c-00063-00014904-00015166 application by clicking apply now and
IyMU0sCFy7c-00064-00015168-00015586 entering your basic contact information
IyMU0sCFy7c-00065-00015587-00015772 an overview of the grant you are
IyMU0sCFy7c-00066-00015773-00015988 applying for is provided you must
IyMU0sCFy7c-00067-00015990-00016150 acknowledge that you have reviewed and
IyMU0sCFy7c-00068-00016151-00016343 read the relevant guidelines to ensure
IyMU0sCFy7c-00069-00016344-00016558 your eligibility before proceeding with
IyMU0sCFy7c-00070-00016559-00016750 your application
IyMU0sCFy7c-00071-00016751-00017057 1 to 15 capture information regarding
IyMU0sCFy7c-00072-00017058-00017279 your organization and the project you're
IyMU0sCFy7c-00073-00017280-00017530 seeking funding for to support your
IyMU0sCFy7c-00074-00017531-00017741 application and the assessment criteria
IyMU0sCFy7c-00075-00017742-00017944 you are required to submit a project
IyMU0sCFy7c-00076-00017945-00018071 budget
IyMU0sCFy7c-00077-00018072-00018286 the budget should clearly outline the
IyMU0sCFy7c-00078-00018287-00018497 estimated expenses relating to the
IyMU0sCFy7c-00079-00018498-00018713 project and whether the amounts are to
IyMU0sCFy7c-00080-00018714-00018880 be funded or to be an in-kind
IyMU0sCFy7c-00081-00018881-00019139 contribution an easy to use template
IyMU0sCFy7c-00082-00019140-00019367 will open in another window please
IyMU0sCFy7c-00083-00019368-00019589 ensure you complete and save prior to
IyMU0sCFy7c-00084-00019590-00019822 uploading into question 16 for
IyMU0sCFy7c-00085-00019823-00020027 submission
IyMU0sCFy7c-00086-00020028-00020297 question 18 requires you to select the
IyMU0sCFy7c-00087-00020298-00020477 project outputs that relate to your
IyMU0sCFy7c-00088-00020478-00020741 project project outputs are the outcomes
IyMU0sCFy7c-00089-00020742-00020927 of your project that align to the
IyMU0sCFy7c-00090-00020928-00021113 funding requirements of the small grants
IyMU0sCFy7c-00091-00021114-00021208 program
IyMU0sCFy7c-00092-00021209-00021443 you must select only those that apply to
IyMU0sCFy7c-00093-00021444-00021671 your project and the quantity committed
IyMU0sCFy7c-00094-00021672-00021850 must be achievable within the project
IyMU0sCFy7c-00095-00021851-00022121 completion date of the 30th of April
IyMU0sCFy7c-00096-00022122-00022535 2023 again the template will open in a
IyMU0sCFy7c-00097-00022536-00022769 new window please ensure that you save
IyMU0sCFy7c-00098-00022770-00023014 to your computer before uploading into
IyMU0sCFy7c-00099-00023015-00023236 question 18.
IyMU0sCFy7c-00100-00023237-00023405 once you have reached the end of
IyMU0sCFy7c-00101-00023406-00023705 question 24 ensure you select the submit
IyMU0sCFy7c-00102-00023706-00023897 Now button and wait for the thank you
IyMU0sCFy7c-00103-00023898-00024143 for your application message if you do
IyMU0sCFy7c-00104-00024144-00024275 not see the thank you for your
IyMU0sCFy7c-00105-00024276-00024503 application message it is likely that
IyMU0sCFy7c-00106-00024504-00024719 your application has not been submitted
IyMU0sCFy7c-00107-00024720-00024941 successfully and we encourage you to
IyMU0sCFy7c-00108-00024942-00025103 contact the Central West local Land
IyMU0sCFy7c-00109-00025104-00025439 Services team
IyMU0sCFy7c-00110-00025440-00025631 finally we take a look at some small
IyMU0sCFy7c-00111-00025632-00025799 grants tips and tricks to help you with
IyMU0sCFy7c-00112-00025800-00025978 your application process
IyMU0sCFy7c-00113-00025979-00026225 firstly we recommend you register on the
IyMU0sCFy7c-00114-00026226-00026452 engagement Hub this allows you to begin
IyMU0sCFy7c-00115-00026454-00026705 your application save a draft and
IyMU0sCFy7c-00116-00026706-00026879 complete your application at a time
IyMU0sCFy7c-00117-00026880-00027029 suitable for you
IyMU0sCFy7c-00118-00027030-00027227 every question within the application
IyMU0sCFy7c-00119-00027227-00027479 requires an answer if you miss a
IyMU0sCFy7c-00120-00027480-00027707 question in an attempt to submit
IyMU0sCFy7c-00121-00027708-00027946 this field is required message will
IyMU0sCFy7c-00122-00027947-00028037 appear
IyMU0sCFy7c-00123-00028038-00028231 You may wish to access the project
IyMU0sCFy7c-00124-00028232-00028505 outputs and budget templates within the
IyMU0sCFy7c-00125-00028506-00028727 home page of the Hub you can prepare
IyMU0sCFy7c-00126-00028727-00028912 these prior to submitting to save time
IyMU0sCFy7c-00127-00028913-00029164 and avoid application timeout
IyMU0sCFy7c-00128-00029166-00029374 remember to save your budget and project
IyMU0sCFy7c-00129-00029375-00029555 outputs to your computer before
IyMU0sCFy7c-00130-00029556-00029795 uploading them into the application
IyMU0sCFy7c-00131-00029795-00029993 if you have registered on the Hub you
IyMU0sCFy7c-00132-00029994-00030161 are able to save a draft of your
IyMU0sCFy7c-00133-00030162-00030449 application simply log in go back to the
IyMU0sCFy7c-00134-00030450-00030635 apply Now button and your saved
IyMU0sCFy7c-00135-00030636-00030814 application will appear
IyMU0sCFy7c-00136-00030816-00031024 your application has not been
IyMU0sCFy7c-00137-00031025-00031270 successfully submitted if you do not see
IyMU0sCFy7c-00138-00031272-00031414 the thank you for your application
IyMU0sCFy7c-00139-00031416-00031667 message if you have any questions or
IyMU0sCFy7c-00140-00031668-00031889 concerns about your application please
IyMU0sCFy7c-00141-00031889-00032135 contact Brooke Kirkman on the details on
IyMU0sCFy7c-00142-00032136-00032372 the screen
I-A3ibisWc8-00002-00038613-00038916 [Music]
IABZiZKYTNE-00000-00000300-00000515 welcome to this episode of door hardware
IABZiZKYTNE-00001-00000516-00000827 nerds I'm your host Mia Merrill March is
IABZiZKYTNE-00002-00000827-00001037 National disability awareness month so
IABZiZKYTNE-00003-00001038-00001199 with that in mind we're going to be
IABZiZKYTNE-00004-00001200-00001462 talking about accessibility today I'm
IABZiZKYTNE-00005-00001463-00001805 joined by Tom Tuttle Tom welcome
IABZiZKYTNE-00006-00001805-00002063 can you tell us about your role
IABZiZKYTNE-00007-00002064-00002284 absolutely so
IABZiZKYTNE-00008-00002285-00002471 get to cover as an architectural
IABZiZKYTNE-00009-00002472-00002758 consultant for Indiana parts of Kentucky
IABZiZKYTNE-00010-00002759-00003034 as well as Central Illinois for ASA
IABZiZKYTNE-00011-00003035-00003317 alboi door Security Solutions so I like
IABZiZKYTNE-00012-00003318-00003527 to say I get to help Architects with one
IABZiZKYTNE-00013-00003528-00003677 of their least favorite parts of the
IABZiZKYTNE-00014-00003678-00003863 building
IABZiZKYTNE-00015-00003864-00004145 all right yeah well we're very glad that
IABZiZKYTNE-00016-00004146-00004325 you were able to join us today
IABZiZKYTNE-00017-00004326-00004601 and I hear that you're a little bit of
IABZiZKYTNE-00018-00004602-00004870 an accessibility nerd so glad to have
IABZiZKYTNE-00019-00004871-00004985 you on the channel
IABZiZKYTNE-00020-00004986-00005117 thank you
IABZiZKYTNE-00021-00005118-00005381 all right so can you talk to us a little
IABZiZKYTNE-00022-00005382-00005609 bit about the origination of the
IABZiZKYTNE-00023-00005610-00006006 Americans with Disabilities Act of 1991.
IABZiZKYTNE-00024-00006007-00006370 1990. yeah so when it came on the scene
IABZiZKYTNE-00025-00006371-00006613 I was actually studying Human Resources
IABZiZKYTNE-00026-00006614-00006910 uh management back in the day so it was
IABZiZKYTNE-00027-00006911-00007198 this big set of rules and walls that a
IABZiZKYTNE-00028-00007200-00007331 lot of people didn't know a whole lot
IABZiZKYTNE-00029-00007331-00007541 about and there's still quite a bit of
IABZiZKYTNE-00030-00007542-00007727 misperception where people think it's
IABZiZKYTNE-00031-00007728-00008009 actually a code when it's not it can
IABZiZKYTNE-00032-00008009-00008195 become more of a standard for making
IABZiZKYTNE-00033-00008196-00008464 buildings accessible so there's always
IABZiZKYTNE-00034-00008465-00008717 confusion there unfortunately there
IABZiZKYTNE-00035-00008718-00008914 could be lawsuits so addressing these
IABZiZKYTNE-00036-00008915-00009089 properly up front really becomes
IABZiZKYTNE-00037-00009090-00009299 critical
IABZiZKYTNE-00038-00009300-00009653 yeah and so how did that affect as you
IABZiZKYTNE-00039-00009654-00009953 transitioned into the hardware industry
IABZiZKYTNE-00040-00009954-00010169 yeah so when I first got in there were
IABZiZKYTNE-00041-00010170-00010355 quite a bit of knobs still being used
IABZiZKYTNE-00042-00010356-00010546 there's still a few exceptions for
IABZiZKYTNE-00043-00010547-00010792 government entities where they may allow
IABZiZKYTNE-00044-00010793-00010967 the use of knobs but most of those
IABZiZKYTNE-00045-00010968-00011153 facilities are moving away from that
IABZiZKYTNE-00046-00011154-00011417 standard where we really struggled as an
IABZiZKYTNE-00047-00011418-00011663 industry was you can put so much more
IABZiZKYTNE-00048-00011664-00011988 torque on a lever versus a knob set so
IABZiZKYTNE-00049-00011989-00012377 redesign for spring retention and the
IABZiZKYTNE-00050-00012378-00012574 ability to hold up under use and abuse
IABZiZKYTNE-00051-00012575-00012833 was a major step forward for our
IABZiZKYTNE-00052-00012834-00013055 industry the nice part is it's made
IABZiZKYTNE-00053-00013056-00013277 buildings a lot more accessible for
IABZiZKYTNE-00054-00013278-00013493 folks whether site impaired or in
IABZiZKYTNE-00055-00013494-00013769 wheelchairs or Walkers to make things
IABZiZKYTNE-00056-00013769-00014008 much easier to use things that you may
IABZiZKYTNE-00057-00014009-00014236 not realize but I think you might have
IABZiZKYTNE-00058-00014237-00014405 mentioned that there's a standard out
IABZiZKYTNE-00059-00014406-00014644 there about people dealing with that
IABZiZKYTNE-00060-00014645-00014872 over their lifetime
IABZiZKYTNE-00061-00014873-00015130 yeah so I think I've mentioned it on the
IABZiZKYTNE-00062-00015131-00015341 channel before but something that it's
IABZiZKYTNE-00063-00015341-00015551 since I've heard it it's bothered me is
IABZiZKYTNE-00064-00015552-00015780 that at some point during our lives
IABZiZKYTNE-00065-00015781-00016066 almost all of us are going to become
IABZiZKYTNE-00066-00016068-00016200 partially
IABZiZKYTNE-00067-00016201-00016439 disabled or accessibility challenged
IABZiZKYTNE-00068-00016440-00016757 whether it's through you know injury or
IABZiZKYTNE-00069-00016758-00017135 you know as just getting older or you
IABZiZKYTNE-00070-00017136-00017272 know permanently disabled from something
IABZiZKYTNE-00071-00017273-00017597 else and that's really affected me and
IABZiZKYTNE-00072-00017598-00017765 changed the way that I've thought about
IABZiZKYTNE-00073-00017766-00017999 you know how we access
IABZiZKYTNE-00074-00018000-00018257 everything in the world
IABZiZKYTNE-00075-00018258-00018425 absolutely and I've even seen
IABZiZKYTNE-00076-00018426-00018611 organizations where they challenge their
IABZiZKYTNE-00077-00018612-00018827 people to say hey maybe you spend two
IABZiZKYTNE-00078-00018828-00019000 hours today in a wheelchair and see what
IABZiZKYTNE-00079-00019001-00019217 it's like trying to go to the restroom
IABZiZKYTNE-00080-00019218-00019475 or enter the facility or Traverse around
IABZiZKYTNE-00081-00019476-00019685 between buildings so it's a good
IABZiZKYTNE-00082-00019686-00019930 exercise to let people know there are
IABZiZKYTNE-00083-00019931-00020075 some challenges out there that need to
IABZiZKYTNE-00084-00020076-00020375 be taken care of on a day-to-day basis
IABZiZKYTNE-00085-00020376-00020530 yeah
IABZiZKYTNE-00086-00020531-00020747 all right so now there has been an
IABZiZKYTNE-00087-00020748-00021047 updated standard uh in building code I
IABZiZKYTNE-00088-00021048-00021214 think around operators can you explain
IABZiZKYTNE-00089-00021215-00021371 that
IABZiZKYTNE-00090-00021372-00021593 yeah so in the newer building codes that
IABZiZKYTNE-00091-00021594-00021791 are coming up and it'll be a state by
IABZiZKYTNE-00092-00021792-00022030 state or jurisdiction by jurisdiction
IABZiZKYTNE-00093-00022031-00022241 adoption there's going to be a
IABZiZKYTNE-00094-00022242-00022444 requirement based on the occupancy type
IABZiZKYTNE-00095-00022445-00022625 and the number of Personnel in that
IABZiZKYTNE-00096-00022626-00022763 facility
IABZiZKYTNE-00097-00022764-00023050 to have more automatic door operators so
IABZiZKYTNE-00098-00023051-00023171 in a sense that's going to be a good
IABZiZKYTNE-00099-00023172-00023297 thing but it's also going to challenge
IABZiZKYTNE-00100-00023298-00023519 us to make sure that we look at hey what
IABZiZKYTNE-00101-00023520-00023693 are the accessible entrances to the
IABZiZKYTNE-00102-00023694-00023999 facility how many are there uh code of
IABZiZKYTNE-00103-00024000-00024185 course is a minimum so maybe we really
IABZiZKYTNE-00104-00024186-00024371 ought to go above and beyond that to
IABZiZKYTNE-00105-00024372-00024521 make things more user-friendly because
IABZiZKYTNE-00106-00024522-00024755 we don't want to just rely on code AS
IABZiZKYTNE-00107-00024756-00024989 yendall be-all
IABZiZKYTNE-00108-00024990-00025186 yeah that makes sense
IABZiZKYTNE-00109-00025187-00025553 uh and so now levers as well
IABZiZKYTNE-00110-00025554-00025811 um some levers are straight right and
IABZiZKYTNE-00111-00025812-00025943 then some have that return that comes
IABZiZKYTNE-00112-00025944-00026111 back to the door does that have anything
IABZiZKYTNE-00113-00026112-00026357 to do with accessibility
IABZiZKYTNE-00114-00026358-00026614 uh both quite frankly will meet ADA
IABZiZKYTNE-00115-00026616-00026777 requirements so that's the good news
IABZiZKYTNE-00116-00026777-00026999 however some jurisdictions whether by
IABZiZKYTNE-00117-00027000-00027274 code or by custom may require the return
IABZiZKYTNE-00118-00027275-00027520 to the door or others on the lock set
IABZiZKYTNE-00119-00027522-00027761 may not require it so it's good to know
IABZiZKYTNE-00120-00027762-00027958 the local conditions that are required
IABZiZKYTNE-00121-00027960-00028187 for that area and then some of it quite
IABZiZKYTNE-00122-00028188-00028385 frankly comes down to Aesthetics you
IABZiZKYTNE-00123-00028386-00028583 know you don't want to have to step out
IABZiZKYTNE-00124-00028583-00028811 of being able to pinch twist or grasp
IABZiZKYTNE-00125-00028812-00029207 that lever to operate it so again either
IABZiZKYTNE-00126-00029208-00029435 one can make it accessible but we want
IABZiZKYTNE-00127-00029436-00029602 to make sure it's done correctly based
IABZiZKYTNE-00128-00029604-00029837 on that Arena
IABZiZKYTNE-00129-00029838-00029987 okay great
IABZiZKYTNE-00130-00029988-00030346 now how can one make you know a better
IABZiZKYTNE-00131-00030347-00030502 flow if you have an existing building
IABZiZKYTNE-00132-00030504-00030731 for people you know entering into your
IABZiZKYTNE-00133-00030732-00030868 building
IABZiZKYTNE-00134-00030869-00031102 well a classic approach is to look at
IABZiZKYTNE-00135-00031104-00031301 security in the facility right so we
IABZiZKYTNE-00136-00031302-00031505 look at areas where people should be
IABZiZKYTNE-00137-00031506-00031733 allowed in should have restricted access
IABZiZKYTNE-00138-00031733-00032008 maybe there's time zones another layer
IABZiZKYTNE-00139-00032010-00032207 to that would be to look what's the
IABZiZKYTNE-00140-00032208-00032405 traffic flow into the facility so if
IABZiZKYTNE-00141-00032406-00032620 we're looking at a hospital for example
IABZiZKYTNE-00142-00032622-00032789 maybe we need to address things like
IABZiZKYTNE-00143-00032790-00033077 okay you've got your high energy sliders
IABZiZKYTNE-00144-00033078-00033299 or automatic door operators to get into
IABZiZKYTNE-00145-00033300-00033557 the facility but even looking at areas
IABZiZKYTNE-00146-00033558-00033857 like maybe a restroom perhaps you don't
IABZiZKYTNE-00147-00033858-00034055 need the full bore automatic door
IABZiZKYTNE-00148-00034056-00034295 operator for the front entry but maybe
IABZiZKYTNE-00149-00034296-00034493 using a lower cost option there with
IABZiZKYTNE-00150-00034494-00034762 Touch free actuators to make it user
IABZiZKYTNE-00151-00034763-00034943 friendly
IABZiZKYTNE-00152-00034944-00035077 okay
IABZiZKYTNE-00153-00035078-00035423 what would you recommend if I am a
IABZiZKYTNE-00154-00035424-00035740 building owner and I need to take a
IABZiZKYTNE-00155-00035741-00036040 first step for increasing accessibility
IABZiZKYTNE-00156-00036041-00036352 uh probably a first step would be survey
IABZiZKYTNE-00157-00036353-00036515 some of your local employees to make
IABZiZKYTNE-00158-00036516-00036737 sure they're able to get into the areas
IABZiZKYTNE-00159-00036738-00036977 that they'd like to access another one
IABZiZKYTNE-00160-00036978-00037174 you could take a look at there's some
IABZiZKYTNE-00161-00037175-00037343 packages put together with door
IABZiZKYTNE-00162-00037344-00037571 actuators maybe even touchless or wave
IABZiZKYTNE-00163-00037572-00037871 actuators power supplies and so forth
IABZiZKYTNE-00164-00037872-00038105 where you can order those in and add
IABZiZKYTNE-00165-00038106-00038290 them to the opening without breaking the
IABZiZKYTNE-00166-00038291-00038507 budget so I would highly recommend folks
IABZiZKYTNE-00167-00038508-00038699 take a look at those
IABZiZKYTNE-00168-00038700-00038974 okay uh any final thoughts you want to
IABZiZKYTNE-00169-00038975-00039209 share with us today
IABZiZKYTNE-00170-00039210-00039365 again take a look at the overall
IABZiZKYTNE-00171-00039366-00039545 facility don't wait for the yearly
IABZiZKYTNE-00172-00039546-00039707 inspection to come through like there's
IABZiZKYTNE-00173-00039708-00039887 joint commission and health care or some
IABZiZKYTNE-00174-00039888-00040151 others but address them on bite-sized
IABZiZKYTNE-00175-00040152-00040390 chunks so you can address them in a more
IABZiZKYTNE-00176-00040391-00040768 manageable budget-friendly approach
IABZiZKYTNE-00177-00040769-00041009 wonderful well thank you for joining us
IABZiZKYTNE-00178-00041010-00041117 today
IABZiZKYTNE-00179-00041118-00041357 for more information about door
IABZiZKYTNE-00180-00041358-00041609 operators I will put a link below uh
IABZiZKYTNE-00181-00041610-00041807 also the good design studio is another
IABZiZKYTNE-00182-00041808-00042046 great resource so I will also leave a
IABZiZKYTNE-00183-00042047-00042221 link below for that if you have
IABZiZKYTNE-00184-00042222-00042424 questions or comments please leave them
IABZiZKYTNE-00185-00042425-00042623 below make sure you like this video And
IABZiZKYTNE-00186-00042624-00042773 subscribe to this channel to stay
IABZiZKYTNE-00187-00042774-00042965 updated on when our new videos come out
IABZiZKYTNE-00188-00042966-00043268 thanks for watching
ID5mBvNXcX0-00000-00000017-00000238 if you like to create engagement with
ID5mBvNXcX0-00001-00000239-00000424 your audience in an online presentation
ID5mBvNXcX0-00002-00000425-00000623 like this
ID5mBvNXcX0-00003-00000624-00000839 but don't want to invest in a paid
ID5mBvNXcX0-00004-00000840-00001133 solution like crazy video then the
ID5mBvNXcX0-00005-00001134-00001378 Logitech capture might be the solution
ID5mBvNXcX0-00006-00001379-00002110 for you let me explain
ID5mBvNXcX0-00007-00002111-00002333 the Logitech capture software is
ID5mBvNXcX0-00008-00002334-00002639 provided for free its main purpose is to
ID5mBvNXcX0-00009-00002640-00002933 control your Logitech webcams it does
ID5mBvNXcX0-00010-00002934-00003179 that pretty well but it is also a
ID5mBvNXcX0-00011-00003180-00003401 presentation software you can even use
ID5mBvNXcX0-00012-00003402-00003647 it without using a Logitech webcam as I
ID5mBvNXcX0-00013-00003647-00003838 am doing right now download the software
ID5mBvNXcX0-00014-00003839-00004115 either for Mac or Windows depending upon
ID5mBvNXcX0-00015-00004116-00004367 your laptop or PC once you install the
ID5mBvNXcX0-00016-00004368-00004570 software and launch it you will get a
ID5mBvNXcX0-00017-00004571-00004804 window like this on the left side of the
ID5mBvNXcX0-00018-00004805-00005009 window we can configure up to two
ID5mBvNXcX0-00019-00005010-00005267 displays the first display should
ID5mBvNXcX0-00020-00005268-00005567 ideally be a webcam and the second can
ID5mBvNXcX0-00021-00005568-00005795 be anything in this case I have set it
ID5mBvNXcX0-00022-00005796-00006052 up to display a PowerPoint how do we
ID5mBvNXcX0-00023-00006053-00006268 configure each display select on the
ID5mBvNXcX0-00024-00006269-00006460 number let's say number one
ID5mBvNXcX0-00025-00006461-00006742 and choose the source you can choose
ID5mBvNXcX0-00026-00006743-00006970 from one of the three sources if you
ID5mBvNXcX0-00027-00006972-00007151 have a Logitech webcam it will
ID5mBvNXcX0-00028-00007152-00007360 automatically detect it or you can
ID5mBvNXcX0-00029-00007361-00007667 select your display monitor or one of
ID5mBvNXcX0-00030-00007668-00007937 the open Windows similarly you can
ID5mBvNXcX0-00031-00007938-00008146 select number two and do the same thing
ID5mBvNXcX0-00032-00008147-00008345 once you have configured both the
ID5mBvNXcX0-00033-00008346-00008560 displays you have an option to quickly
ID5mBvNXcX0-00034-00008561-00008807 switch between them by clicking on the
ID5mBvNXcX0-00035-00008808-00009083 number at the bottom of the screen here
ID5mBvNXcX0-00036-00009084-00009299 you can also use the picture in picture
ID5mBvNXcX0-00037-00009300-00009551 effect by selecting this option
ID5mBvNXcX0-00038-00009552-00009803 this will show you display one inside
ID5mBvNXcX0-00039-00009804-00010060 display 2. you can flip the order with
ID5mBvNXcX0-00040-00010061-00010217 the fourth option
ID5mBvNXcX0-00041-00010218-00010403 or you can have them side by side
ID5mBvNXcX0-00042-00010404-00010751 display one and display 2 or display 2
ID5mBvNXcX0-00043-00010752-00011003 and display one to apply filters and
ID5mBvNXcX0-00044-00011004-00011237 effects select the effects option and
ID5mBvNXcX0-00045-00011238-00011453 here we can enable or disable different
ID5mBvNXcX0-00046-00011454-00011692 effects for example I don't want the
ID5mBvNXcX0-00047-00011693-00011974 Logitech Watermark disable it you can
ID5mBvNXcX0-00048-00011975-00012305 type in your own text overlay
ID5mBvNXcX0-00049-00012306-00012592 you can hide the overlay or show it
ID5mBvNXcX0-00050-00012593-00012851 change the font for the text or even the
ID5mBvNXcX0-00051-00012852-00012916 color
ID5mBvNXcX0-00052-00012917-00013072 the alignment
ID5mBvNXcX0-00053-00013073-00013247 and the background
ID5mBvNXcX0-00054-00013247-00013438 let's go with the transparent background
ID5mBvNXcX0-00055-00013440-00013811 next you can apply filters to your video
ID5mBvNXcX0-00056-00013812-00014033 and assign the filter to one of your
ID5mBvNXcX0-00057-00014034-00014338 sources or even to both of them you can
ID5mBvNXcX0-00058-00014340-00014519 define a border for your video by
ID5mBvNXcX0-00059-00014519-00014813 increasing the Border size and the color
ID5mBvNXcX0-00060-00014813-00015022 and finally you can select the type of
ID5mBvNXcX0-00061-00015023-00015203 transition to be used when you
ID5mBvNXcX0-00062-00015204-00015413 transition from one scene to the next
ID5mBvNXcX0-00063-00015413-00015701 for example
ID5mBvNXcX0-00064-00015702-00015916 once you've set up your scenes and you
ID5mBvNXcX0-00065-00015918-00016175 are in an online meeting such as Zoom
ID5mBvNXcX0-00066-00016176-00016391 go to your video setting options by
ID5mBvNXcX0-00067-00016392-00016571 clicking on the Arrow here
ID5mBvNXcX0-00068-00016572-00016817 select video settings and you will
ID5mBvNXcX0-00069-00016818-00017050 notice that you have a new camera called
ID5mBvNXcX0-00070-00017051-00017327 Logitech capture and whatever we had
ID5mBvNXcX0-00071-00017328-00017572 configured in Logitech capture now
ID5mBvNXcX0-00072-00017573-00017903 appears as a camera in Zoom let's switch
ID5mBvNXcX0-00073-00017904-00018179 a video in Zoom to see how it looks to
ID5mBvNXcX0-00074-00018180-00018293 the audience
ID5mBvNXcX0-00075-00018294-00018497 when I switch the scenes in Logitech
ID5mBvNXcX0-00076-00018498-00018863 capture it appears in Zoom and this is
ID5mBvNXcX0-00077-00018864-00019067 what the audience will see as my camera
ID5mBvNXcX0-00078-00019068-00019336 if I flip through my PowerPoint the
ID5mBvNXcX0-00079-00019337-00019619 slides will change in Zoom if you use
ID5mBvNXcX0-00080-00019620-00019829 this technique there is no need to do
ID5mBvNXcX0-00081-00019830-00020086 screen sharing when you are in zoom and
ID5mBvNXcX0-00082-00020087-00020219 you want to share some additional
ID5mBvNXcX0-00083-00020220-00020489 information other than your camera this
ID5mBvNXcX0-00084-00020490-00020669 technique should work for other video
ID5mBvNXcX0-00085-00020670-00020908 conferencing Solutions such as Microsoft
ID5mBvNXcX0-00086-00020909-00021293 teams WebEx Etc I hope you found this
ID5mBvNXcX0-00087-00021294-00021419 video useful
ID5mBvNXcX0-00088-00021420-00022024 click subscribe if you did
ID5mBvNXcX0-00089-00022025-00022375 [Music]
IE-67JQQTME-00000-00000204-00000437 the managing director of specialist
IE-67JQQTME-00001-00000438-00000713 Edition a company exclusively employing
IE-67JQQTME-00002-00000714-00000971 people with Asperger's I'm going to talk
IE-67JQQTME-00003-00000972-00001216 about the importance of mapping people
IE-67JQQTME-00004-00001217-00001474 with Autism before work
IE-67JQQTME-00005-00001475-00001709 during our nine years in business we
IE-67JQQTME-00006-00001710-00001864 have come to learn a lot about what
IE-67JQQTME-00007-00001866-00002068 works and what doesn't for people with
IE-67JQQTME-00008-00002069-00002165 autism
IE-67JQQTME-00009-00002166-00002447 more importantly we see such a variety
IE-67JQQTME-00010-00002448-00002717 of ways in which autism shows up
IE-67JQQTME-00011-00002718-00002933 there are common characteristics of
IE-67JQQTME-00012-00002934-00003184 course but strengths and problem areas
IE-67JQQTME-00013-00003185-00003454 differ greatly so we need an individual
IE-67JQQTME-00014-00003455-00003767 approach we also need to stop trying and
IE-67JQQTME-00015-00003768-00004067 failing slowly killing their spirit
IE-67JQQTME-00016-00004068-00004306 in order to make the right adaptations
IE-67JQQTME-00017-00004307-00004583 in the workplace or teach crucial skills
IE-67JQQTME-00018-00004584-00004888 we need to know where to start mapping
IE-67JQQTME-00019-00004889-00005081 should include finding individual
IE-67JQQTME-00020-00005082-00005309 strengths which can be formal skills
IE-67JQQTME-00021-00005310-00005525 personal characteristics or a
IE-67JQQTME-00022-00005526-00005681 combination of both
IE-67JQQTME-00023-00005682-00005968 finding and utilizing these skills are
IE-67JQQTME-00024-00005969-00006227 keys to success as they seem to reduce
IE-67JQQTME-00025-00006228-00006472 stress and make content to employees
IE-67JQQTME-00026-00006473-00006619 over time
IE-67JQQTME-00027-00006620-00006928 the greatest challenge for autists Is
IE-67JQQTME-00028-00006929-00007181 overwhelm caused by stress causing
IE-67JQQTME-00029-00007181-00007367 anxiety over time
IE-67JQQTME-00030-00007368-00007684 our experience shows that ongoing stress
IE-67JQQTME-00031-00007686-00008009 is the main cause of falling out of work
IE-67JQQTME-00032-00008009-00008183 or education
IE-67JQQTME-00033-00008184-00008423 mapping what causes stress and their
IE-67JQQTME-00034-00008424-00008657 response to different stress factors is
IE-67JQQTME-00035-00008658-00008933 both important and useful
IE-67JQQTME-00036-00008934-00009167 of course it's crucial to map other
IE-67JQQTME-00037-00009168-00009419 areas of the candidate's life too to
IE-67JQQTME-00038-00009420-00009599 obtain a fuller picture
IE-67JQQTME-00039-00009600-00009839 this could be hobbies and talents which
IE-67JQQTME-00040-00009840-00010121 can be utilized at work or problem areas
IE-67JQQTME-00041-00010122-00010427 that need looking into like sleep family
IE-67JQQTME-00042-00010428-00010859 conflicts ADHD depression or anxiety to
IE-67JQQTME-00043-00010860-00011110 name a few common factors
IE-67JQQTME-00044-00011111-00011345 based on our day-to-day experience with
IE-67JQQTME-00045-00011346-00011603 autists at work we joined forces with
IE-67JQQTME-00046-00011604-00011891 work psychologists censored to develop a
IE-67JQQTME-00047-00011892-00012088 tool specifically aimed at people with
IE-67JQQTME-00048-00012089-00012359 high functioning autism the tool is
IE-67JQQTME-00049-00012360-00012514 named ACS
IE-67JQQTME-00050-00012515-00012742 shortly after launching the tool is
IE-67JQQTME-00051-00012743-00012935 becoming increasingly Popular by
IE-67JQQTME-00052-00012936-00013163 counselors working with work inclusion
IE-67JQQTME-00053-00013163-00013397 for autists we are currently looking
IE-67JQQTME-00054-00013397-00013615 into making a translation into English
IE-67JQQTME-00055-00013616-00013936 hoping to reach a larger audience
IE-67JQQTME-00056-00013937-00014261 our vision is dignity at work and in
IE-67JQQTME-00057-00014262-00014566 education for people with Asperger so
IE-67JQQTME-00058-00014568-00014777 making this tool known and accessible
IE-67JQQTME-00059-00014778-00015022 for as many as possible will assist us
IE-67JQQTME-00060-00015023-00015329 towards making this Vision a reality
IE-67JQQTME-00061-00015330-00015491 if you are interested in more
IE-67JQQTME-00062-00015491-00015665 information about our mapping tool
IE-67JQQTME-00063-00015666-00016122 please contact us on ACS at
IE-67JQQTME-00064-00016123-00016391 specialist.no we hope you found this
IE-67JQQTME-00065-00016392-00016649 information useful thanks for listening
IE-67JQQTME-00066-00016650-00016940 and goodbye
IGvykhYPzJY-00000-00000000-00000280 here we're told on a recent plane flight
IGvykhYPzJY-00001-00000281-00000614 80% of the passengers broad devices to
IGvykhYPzJY-00002-00000615-00000788 connect to the internet during their
IGvykhYPzJY-00003-00000789-00001082 flight represent this quantity as a
IGvykhYPzJY-00004-00001083-00001352 fraction and then if there were 200
IGvykhYPzJY-00005-00001353-00001595 people on the flight how many of them
IGvykhYPzJY-00006-00001596-00001798 brought devices to connect to the
IGvykhYPzJY-00007-00001800-00001880 internet
IGvykhYPzJY-00008-00001880-00002551 so this 80% percent by definition means
IGvykhYPzJY-00009-00002552-00003304 per 100 so 80% we write as 80 out of 100
IGvykhYPzJY-00010-00003305-00003701 as a fraction and this is one time where
IGvykhYPzJY-00011-00003702-00004063 we don't want to reduce our fraction
IGvykhYPzJY-00012-00004064-00004601 because we lose this idea of percent so
IGvykhYPzJY-00013-00004602-00005009 80 percent is 80 out of a hundred so
IGvykhYPzJY-00014-00005010-00005291 every hundred people 80 of them brought
IGvykhYPzJY-00015-00005292-00005693 devices if there were 200 people on the
IGvykhYPzJY-00016-00005694-00005963 flight how many of them brought devices
IGvykhYPzJY-00017-00005964-00006284 to connect to the internet so if out of
IGvykhYPzJY-00018-00006285-00006788 every 100 80 of them people if 80 people
IGvykhYPzJY-00019-00006789-00007156 brought devices then I would have 80 out
IGvykhYPzJY-00020-00007158-00007469 of the first hundred plus 80 out of the
IGvykhYPzJY-00021-00007470-00007756 second hundred so I would have a hundred
IGvykhYPzJY-00022-00007758-00008651 and sixty brought devices to connect to
IGvykhYPzJY-00023-00008652-00009005 the internet so the power of working
IGvykhYPzJY-00024-00009006-00009398 with percents is it allows us to divide
IGvykhYPzJY-00025-00009399-00009719 our populations into groups of a hundred
IGvykhYPzJY-00026-00009720-00010053 and understand what's going on within
IGvykhYPzJY-00027-00010054-00010505 every group of 100 so let's look at Part
IGvykhYPzJY-00028-00010506-00010787 B it says in a bag of popcorn one kernel
IGvykhYPzJY-00029-00010788-00011023 out of every 50 we're not popped
IGvykhYPzJY-00030-00011024-00011267 represent this as a fraction then
IGvykhYPzJY-00031-00011268-00011531 interpret it as a percent if there were
IGvykhYPzJY-00032-00011532-00011860 500 kernels in the bag how many of them
IGvykhYPzJY-00033-00011861-00012233 were not popped so if one out of every
IGvykhYPzJY-00034-00012234-00012824 50 were not popped one out of 50 is
IGvykhYPzJY-00035-00012825-00013391 equivalent to two out of 100 so
IGvykhYPzJY-00036-00013391-00013601 all I did was multiply the numerator and
IGvykhYPzJY-00037-00013602-00013907 denominator each by two so what that
IGvykhYPzJY-00038-00013908-00014734 means is that two percent of the bag
IGvykhYPzJY-00039-00014735-00015077 were not pop two percent of the kernels
IGvykhYPzJY-00040-00015078-00015172 in the bag
IGvykhYPzJY-00041-00015174-00015557 we're not popped so what does that mean
IGvykhYPzJY-00042-00015558-00015986 for 500 well if it's two out of every
IGvykhYPzJY-00043-00015987-00016576 hundred then what is that out of 500
IGvykhYPzJY-00044-00016577-00016988 well 100 times five is 500 so also
IGvykhYPzJY-00045-00016989-00017477 multiply 2 times 5 that means 10 so that
IGvykhYPzJY-00046-00017478-00018247 means that 10 out of 510 kernels were
IGvykhYPzJY-00047-00018248-00018790 not popped so even if our original
IGvykhYPzJY-00048-00018791-00019115 fraction or information is not given to
IGvykhYPzJY-00049-00019116-00019496 us out of a hundred we can write
IGvykhYPzJY-00050-00019497-00019862 equivalent fractions to get us to 100 so
IGvykhYPzJY-00051-00019863-00020090 we understand the percentage that we're
IGvykhYPzJY-00052-00020091-00020329 dealing with
IH_UAliPriQ-00000-00000024-00000407 hey everyone how's it going
IH_UAliPriQ-00001-00000408-00000511 so today we're going to be doing
IH_UAliPriQ-00002-00000512-00000719 something somewhat different
IH_UAliPriQ-00003-00000720-00000943 uh to say the least this video is just
IH_UAliPriQ-00004-00000944-00001103 going to be me playing starcraft 2.
IH_UAliPriQ-00005-00001104-00001215 that's all you're going to get
IH_UAliPriQ-00006-00001216-00001383 right you know i've always wanted to
IH_UAliPriQ-00007-00001384-00001566 record myself play starcraft 2. uh
IH_UAliPriQ-00008-00001567-00001839 nobody ever asks for it obviously but
IH_UAliPriQ-00009-00001839-00001942 we're gonna do that
IH_UAliPriQ-00010-00001943-00002142 today because i'm interested to watch
IH_UAliPriQ-00011-00002143-00002263 myself play so
IH_UAliPriQ-00012-00002264-00002607 there is uh an audience of more than
IH_UAliPriQ-00013-00002608-00002775 zero which is enough to justify doing a
IH_UAliPriQ-00014-00002776-00002918 video like that so
IH_UAliPriQ-00015-00002919-00003126 yeah by the way starcraft is a really
IH_UAliPriQ-00016-00003127-00003238 great game uh
IH_UAliPriQ-00017-00003239-00003431 it's a pretty old game this year is the
IH_UAliPriQ-00018-00003432-00003638 10th anniversary and the game is free to
IH_UAliPriQ-00019-00003639-00003775 play now by the way
IH_UAliPriQ-00020-00003776-00003967 so in case anybody is interested or if
IH_UAliPriQ-00021-00003968-00004199 you want to you know watch me
IH_UAliPriQ-00022-00004200-00004502 play some games before you know you you
IH_UAliPriQ-00023-00004503-00004638 decide whether this is worth the time
IH_UAliPriQ-00024-00004639-00004806 then this is just a video for you
IH_UAliPriQ-00025-00004807-00004951 because that's exactly what i'm gonna be
IH_UAliPriQ-00026-00004952-00005175 doing i'm gonna be playing some games
IH_UAliPriQ-00027-00005176-00005399 which i kind of expect to lose actually
IH_UAliPriQ-00028-00005400-00005527 because uh
IH_UAliPriQ-00029-00005528-00005759 my mmr is a bit higher than what i think
IH_UAliPriQ-00030-00005760-00005895 i deserve now so i'll probably be
IH_UAliPriQ-00031-00005896-00005975 matched with some
IH_UAliPriQ-00032-00005976-00006334 pretty good players and but hey
IH_UAliPriQ-00033-00006335-00006470 i don't mind losing if the games are
IH_UAliPriQ-00034-00006472-00006639 good so
IH_UAliPriQ-00035-00006640-00006903 uh now that i've done the intro let me
IH_UAliPriQ-00036-00006904-00007383 shrink myself
IH_UAliPriQ-00037-00007384-00007574 and okay let's let's let's play some
IH_UAliPriQ-00038-00007575-00007870 games
IH_UAliPriQ-00039-00007872-00007998 i don't have a clear idea of how i want
IH_UAliPriQ-00040-00008000-00008231 to do this yet but
IH_UAliPriQ-00041-00008232-00008407 i'll probably be too distracted to talk
IH_UAliPriQ-00042-00008408-00008710 too much in the games themselves
IH_UAliPriQ-00043-00008711-00008910 so probably you know while i'm playing
IH_UAliPriQ-00044-00008911-00009063 i'll probably focus a bit more
IH_UAliPriQ-00045-00009064-00009271 probably just some reactions and then
IH_UAliPriQ-00046-00009272-00009471 i'll talk more about the game and my
IH_UAliPriQ-00047-00009472-00009655 thought process and stuff like that
IH_UAliPriQ-00048-00009656-00009783 after the game when i'm looking at the
IH_UAliPriQ-00049-00009784-00009942 replay because when you're playing
IH_UAliPriQ-00050-00009943-00010191 starcraft you always watch the replay
IH_UAliPriQ-00051-00010192-00010503 so we'll wait for there we go
IH_UAliPriQ-00052-00010504-00011006 we found an opponent
IH_UAliPriQ-00053-00011007-00011231 i'm excited and scared at the same time
IH_UAliPriQ-00054-00011232-00011391 i have a feeling i'm gonna lose but
IH_UAliPriQ-00055-00011392-00011495 we're gonna
IH_UAliPriQ-00056-00011496-00011719 we're gonna do our best it's gonna be a
IH_UAliPriQ-00057-00011720-00011983 protoss
IH_UAliPriQ-00058-00011984-00012303 and uh i don't know my pvp is
IH_UAliPriQ-00059-00012304-00012478 feeling kind of weird nowadays i don't
IH_UAliPriQ-00060-00012479-00012655 know how good i actually am right now
IH_UAliPriQ-00061-00012656-00012902 but we'll see
IH_UAliPriQ-00062-00012903-00013086 very nice he greeted us so we'll bring
IH_UAliPriQ-00063-00013087-00013735 him back
IH_UAliPriQ-00064-00013736-00014119 okay
IH_UAliPriQ-00065-00014119-00014247 so we're gonna open more or less
IH_UAliPriQ-00066-00014247-00014486 standard which is
IH_UAliPriQ-00067-00014487-00014991 two gates for pvp
IH_UAliPriQ-00068-00014991-00015343 i used to play phoenix but
IH_UAliPriQ-00069-00015344-00015638 i don't know man been getting harder and
IH_UAliPriQ-00070-00015640-00015766 harder to play that so i'm trying to
IH_UAliPriQ-00071-00015768-00016079 switch my style a bit
IH_UAliPriQ-00072-00016080-00016883 so nowadays i try to expand faster
IH_UAliPriQ-00073-00016884-00018283 instead
IH_UAliPriQ-00074-00018284-00018447 scout
IH_UAliPriQ-00075-00018448-00020915 you have not enough minerals
IH_UAliPriQ-00076-00020916-00021083 [Music]
IH_UAliPriQ-00077-00021084-00021335 oh
IH_UAliPriQ-00078-00021336-00022230 nothing suspicious just yet
IH_UAliPriQ-00079-00022231-00023439 oh crap oh close
IH_UAliPriQ-00080-00023440-00023639 they got the pro interesting why is he
IH_UAliPriQ-00081-00023640-00023791 so desperate to
IH_UAliPriQ-00082-00023792-00024358 is he he's probably proxying isn't he
IH_UAliPriQ-00084-00027719-00027927 put the probe here just in case he tries
IH_UAliPriQ-00085-00027927-00028062 to
IH_UAliPriQ-00086-00028063-00028999 do anything
IH_UAliPriQ-00087-00029000-00029495 oh nothing he still could be a stargate
IH_UAliPriQ-00088-00029495-00030543 i am the though of the eclipse
IH_UAliPriQ-00089-00030544-00030879 you require my skills
IH_UAliPriQ-00090-00030880-00031751 i'm we're gonna expand
IH_UAliPriQ-00091-00031752-00031927 slightly later than i wanted because he
IH_UAliPriQ-00092-00031927-00032167 got me over the first second man
IH_UAliPriQ-00093-00032168-00032431 we're making a sentry so we can scout we
IH_UAliPriQ-00094-00032432-00032607 don't have to worry about oracle's
IH_UAliPriQ-00095-00032608-00032823 yet because of her because i made the
IH_UAliPriQ-00096-00032824-00033190 battery in there
IH_UAliPriQ-00097-00033191-00033392 all we can do is we can
IH_UAliPriQ-00098-00033393-00033646 [Music]
IH_UAliPriQ-00099-00033647-00035830 just check whether he expanded
IH_UAliPriQ-00100-00035831-00037883 i got some tech
IH_UAliPriQ-00101-00037884-00038511 ah
IH_UAliPriQ-00102-00038512-00038711 i haven't been producing pros as much as
IH_UAliPriQ-00104-00042016-00042567 you might be doing a similar style
IH_UAliPriQ-00105-00042568-00042702 well time for me to make a templar
IH_UAliPriQ-00106-00042703-00043588 archives myself i guess
IH_UAliPriQ-00107-00043589-00044183 [Music]
IH_UAliPriQ-00108-00044184-00046255 you have not enough
IH_UAliPriQ-00109-00046256-00046752 my forge is faster than him
IH_UAliPriQ-00110-00046753-00047423 [Music]
IH_UAliPriQ-00111-00047424-00047683 i don't know if i want to make a robot
IH_UAliPriQ-00112-00047684-00047807 actually
IH_UAliPriQ-00113-00047808-00050483 just in case
IH_UAliPriQ-00114-00050484-00050671 church
IH_UAliPriQ-00115-00050672-00050902 okay i think i will make a robotics just
IH_UAliPriQ-00116-00050903-00051071 you know just to be sure
IH_UAliPriQ-00117-00051072-00051326 i don't die to any dt [__] i guess but i
IH_UAliPriQ-00118-00051327-00051382 think i want to
IH_UAliPriQ-00119-00051383-00051702 i want to take a third base suit i'm
IH_UAliPriQ-00120-00051703-00051935 feeling like he's going to attack though
IH_UAliPriQ-00122-00055088-00056782 see isn't it
IH_UAliPriQ-00123-00056783-00057329 okay he may have tricked me oh there we
IH_UAliPriQ-00124-00057329-00057482 [Music]
IH_UAliPriQ-00125-00057483-00058238 go
IH_UAliPriQ-00126-00058239-00058399 pretty sure i hold this with flying
IH_UAliPriQ-00127-00058400-00058887 colors
IH_UAliPriQ-00128-00058888-00060511 we're gonna make a base now
IH_UAliPriQ-00129-00060512-00062942 that's slightly ambitious
IH_UAliPriQ-00130-00062944-00064482 enough gates
IH_UAliPriQ-00131-00064483-00065882 now
IH_UAliPriQ-00132-00065883-00067282 oh
IH_UAliPriQ-00133-00067283-00068719 um
IH_UAliPriQ-00134-00068720-00071247 oh man this is not looking good
IH_UAliPriQ-00135-00071248-00072823 i think we lost
IH_UAliPriQ-00136-00072824-00074335 they have
IH_UAliPriQ-00137-00074336-00077082 yeah i think we lost i think we lost
IH_UAliPriQ-00138-00077083-00078482 i'm
IH_UAliPriQ-00139-00078483-00078926 oh
IH_UAliPriQ-00140-00078927-00079215 that's not really good for him but i'm
IH_UAliPriQ-00141-00079216-00080714 still pretty dead
IH_UAliPriQ-00142-00080715-00080967 [Music]
IH_UAliPriQ-00143-00080968-00081782 is complete
IH_UAliPriQ-00144-00081783-00082038 let's just reading this one boys pretty
IH_UAliPriQ-00145-00082039-00084967 sure i'm just dead
IH_UAliPriQ-00146-00084968-00086426 you have not enough minerals
IH_UAliPriQ-00147-00086427-00086838 [Music]
IH_UAliPriQ-00148-00086839-00086991 are you sure this is a mistake by him
IH_UAliPriQ-00149-00086992-00087950 actually
IH_UAliPriQ-00150-00087951-00089679 wow this is giving me a chance
IH_UAliPriQ-00151-00089680-00090718 a
IH_UAliPriQ-00152-00090719-00091661 is complete
IH_UAliPriQ-00153-00091662-00092482 [Music]
IH_UAliPriQ-00154-00092483-00092655 we
IH_UAliPriQ-00157-00100888-00103682 one
IH_UAliPriQ-00158-00103683-00106222 templars
IH_UAliPriQ-00159-00106223-00107883 [Music]
IH_UAliPriQ-00160-00107883-00109283 depleted
IH_UAliPriQ-00161-00109283-00109800 overwhelmed
IH_UAliPriQ-00162-00109801-00110683 [Music]
IH_UAliPriQ-00163-00110683-00112083 uh
IH_UAliPriQ-00164-00112083-00112327 foreign
IH_UAliPriQ-00165-00112328-00113839 what oh my god it's my turn to throw
IH_UAliPriQ-00166-00113840-00116310 how they come on
IH_UAliPriQ-00167-00116311-00117831 we shall stand against the lord
IH_UAliPriQ-00168-00117832-00118110 okay i think i still lose actually i
IH_UAliPriQ-00169-00118111-00119207 don't know how i lost all my arguments
IH_UAliPriQ-00170-00119208-00121214 oh man this sucks
IH_UAliPriQ-00171-00121215-00122936 later on
IH_UAliPriQ-00172-00122938-00123310 [Music]
IH_UAliPriQ-00173-00123311-00123719 oh man he threw and then we threw
IH_UAliPriQ-00174-00123720-00124454 crap
IH_UAliPriQ-00175-00124455-00124719 i'm pretty sure he got his his his
IH_UAliPriQ-00176-00124720-00124878 natural earlier than i did
IH_UAliPriQ-00177-00124879-00125575 yeah quite a bit earlier
IH_UAliPriQ-00178-00125576-00125839 so he played a kind of a risky much
IH_UAliPriQ-00179-00125840-00126063 earlier expand
IH_UAliPriQ-00180-00126064-00126247 but he killed my probe so i wasn't sure
IH_UAliPriQ-00181-00126248-00126366 what i was doing
IH_UAliPriQ-00182-00126367-00126686 oh my god his natural was done
IH_UAliPriQ-00183-00126688-00126934 before i oh that's why he was so intent
IH_UAliPriQ-00184-00126935-00127334 on killing my probe because
IH_UAliPriQ-00185-00127335-00127599 he actually expanded even while my probe
IH_UAliPriQ-00186-00127600-00127719 was still in the base
IH_UAliPriQ-00187-00127720-00127934 oh man i really needed to know that no
IH_UAliPriQ-00188-00127935-00128127 wonder he normally his attack was so
IH_UAliPriQ-00189-00128128-00128334 heavy
IH_UAliPriQ-00190-00128335-00128671 he had a gate he had to expand before
IH_UAliPriQ-00191-00128672-00129095 oh my god and i thought it was a proxy
IH_UAliPriQ-00192-00129096-00129383 so that was the worst possible
IH_UAliPriQ-00193-00129383-00129510 hypothesis
IH_UAliPriQ-00194-00129511-00129758 because i was actually being defensive
IH_UAliPriQ-00195-00129759-00129886 when he was actually being
IH_UAliPriQ-00196-00129888-00130302 really greedy and risky
IH_UAliPriQ-00197-00130303-00130654 still he really threw when he
IH_UAliPriQ-00198-00130655-00130839 did that attack in the middle where he
IH_UAliPriQ-00199-00130840-00131007 lost all of his archons
IH_UAliPriQ-00200-00131008-00131151 so at this point i thought i was kind of
IH_UAliPriQ-00201-00131152-00131423 dead but
IH_UAliPriQ-00202-00131424-00131590 he really shouldn't attack into this
IH_UAliPriQ-00203-00131591-00131775 many batteries
IH_UAliPriQ-00204-00131776-00132383 he was overconfident that's for sure
IH_UAliPriQ-00205-00132384-00132583 oh you're so ahead economically look at
IH_UAliPriQ-00206-00132584-00132799 that 60 probes three bases
IH_UAliPriQ-00207-00132800-00132959 my third wasn't even up i thought i was
IH_UAliPriQ-00208-00132960-00133343 really thin at this point and you know
IH_UAliPriQ-00209-00133344-00133623 to be absolutely clear i was dead if you
IH_UAliPriQ-00210-00133624-00133743 played properly from this one is
IH_UAliPriQ-00211-00133744-00134271 absolutely no way i could have caught up
IH_UAliPriQ-00212-00134272-00134599 but he did a very he did a very ill
IH_UAliPriQ-00213-00134600-00134990 ill-advised attack yeah that one
IH_UAliPriQ-00214-00134991-00135214 so this was a really bad attack because
IH_UAliPriQ-00215-00135215-00136414 i had a good defensive position
IH_UAliPriQ-00216-00136415-00136639 so he got really he got hit really bad
IH_UAliPriQ-00217-00136640-00136807 this time so this was really my ticket
IH_UAliPriQ-00218-00136808-00136902 back into the game
IH_UAliPriQ-00219-00136903-00137111 at this point i had i really oh my
IH_UAliPriQ-00220-00137112-00137302 goodness
IH_UAliPriQ-00221-00137303-00137463 i can't believe he took that place no
IH_UAliPriQ-00222-00137464-00138151 wonder oh my god
IH_UAliPriQ-00223-00138152-00138414 oh man i see i still could have won
IH_UAliPriQ-00224-00138415-00138551 really
IH_UAliPriQ-00225-00138552-00138863 at this point he's kind of dead really i
IH_UAliPriQ-00226-00138864-00139031 should have had an observer here as well
IH_UAliPriQ-00227-00139032-00139183 and then you know he wouldn't have to
IH_UAliPriQ-00228-00139184-00140014 come back mechanic that he was dead
IH_UAliPriQ-00229-00140015-00140271 so yeah don't don't fight in super
IH_UAliPriQ-00230-00140272-00140526 battery range
IH_UAliPriQ-00231-00140527-00140775 [Music]
IH_UAliPriQ-00232-00140776-00140943 oh my god he even sent the pros over i
IH_UAliPriQ-00233-00140944-00141431 didn't notice i can't believe it
IH_UAliPriQ-00234-00141432-00141623 still the worker count and army count
IH_UAliPriQ-00235-00141624-00141895 wise i'm well hit at this point
IH_UAliPriQ-00236-00141896-00142023 so he has the high ground that i can't
IH_UAliPriQ-00237-00142024-00142263 attack that's fine all of these dark
IH_UAliPriQ-00238-00142264-00142487 templar man
IH_UAliPriQ-00239-00142488-00143031 okay so
IH_UAliPriQ-00240-00143032-00143511 okay so at this point
IH_UAliPriQ-00241-00143512-00143847 so my supply is ahead my worker is ahead
IH_UAliPriQ-00242-00143848-00144023 so all army supplies are roughly the
IH_UAliPriQ-00243-00144024-00144190 same
IH_UAliPriQ-00244-00144191-00144383 but he had i guess he had battery and
IH_UAliPriQ-00245-00144384-00144866 stuff
IH_UAliPriQ-00246-00144867-00145102 [Applause]
IH_UAliPriQ-00247-00145103-00145431 yeah this was a really bad time
IH_UAliPriQ-00248-00145432-00145683 so he actually killed all of my archons
IH_UAliPriQ-00249-00145684-00145935 here
IH_UAliPriQ-00250-00145936-00146175 i killed a lot of his workers but this
IH_UAliPriQ-00251-00146176-00146319 was the base i needed to kill
IH_UAliPriQ-00252-00146320-00146487 if i killed this base as well then you
IH_UAliPriQ-00253-00146488-00146831 know that would have been maybe a chance
IH_UAliPriQ-00254-00146832-00147231 yeah i kept checking this space but
IH_UAliPriQ-00255-00147232-00147447 i never expected him to take the corner
IH_UAliPriQ-00256-00147448-00147702 base it's always the corner bases guys
IH_UAliPriQ-00257-00147703-00148295 oh well
IH_UAliPriQ-00258-00148296-00148790 yeah he was much better than i was
IH_UAliPriQ-00259-00148791-00149143 let's do another one
IH_UAliPriQ-00260-00149144-00149966 right next game
IH_UAliPriQ-00261-00149967-00150343 oh we got him again oh my goodness
IH_UAliPriQ-00262-00150344-00150831 well now we know he takes corner bases
IH_UAliPriQ-00263-00150832-00151143 let's see if we can beat him this time
IH_UAliPriQ-00264-00151144-00151263 i don't think he would make the same
IH_UAliPriQ-00265-00151264-00151487 mistake twice so i'm feeling that we'll
IH_UAliPriQ-00266-00151488-00151614 probably lose but we're gonna play our
IH_UAliPriQ-00267-00151615-00151743 best
IH_UAliPriQ-00268-00151744-00151959 he didn't even greet us this time oh
IH_UAliPriQ-00269-00151960-00154119 there we go there we go he did
IH_UAliPriQ-00270-00154120-00155351 what
IH_UAliPriQ-00271-00155352-00155543 okay so we really need to know if he
IH_UAliPriQ-00272-00155544-00158247 won't get expense this time
IH_UAliPriQ-00273-00158248-00158687 you have
IH_UAliPriQ-00274-00158688-00159683 okay he definitely opens two years this
IH_UAliPriQ-00275-00159684-00161111 time
IH_UAliPriQ-00276-00161112-00161375 where's the second pile on son maybe
IH_UAliPriQ-00277-00161376-00162047 this time
IH_UAliPriQ-00278-00162048-00163332 maybe it's on the low ground
IH_UAliPriQ-00279-00163333-00163883 [Music]
IH_UAliPriQ-00280-00163884-00164223 now
IH_UAliPriQ-00281-00164224-00164414 okay i think i think he just forgot the
IH_UAliPriQ-00282-00164415-00165759 pylon actually
IH_UAliPriQ-00283-00165760-00168083 let's look at a checker on the middle
IH_UAliPriQ-00284-00168084-00169487 okay
IH_UAliPriQ-00285-00169488-00171526 i'm here in the shadows
IH_UAliPriQ-00286-00171527-00172283 we should be expecting the depth at some
IH_UAliPriQ-00287-00172284-00173683 point
IH_UAliPriQ-00288-00173684-00174091 complete
IH_UAliPriQ-00289-00174092-00174359 [Music]
IH_UAliPriQ-00290-00174360-00174687 hmm okay maybe he maybe i
IH_UAliPriQ-00291-00174688-00174878 he saw that i saw the adapt and then it
IH_UAliPriQ-00292-00174879-00175038 just he just
IH_UAliPriQ-00293-00175039-00175343 decided that he wasn't gonna
IH_UAliPriQ-00294-00175344-00176383 set it over at least any time early
IH_UAliPriQ-00295-00176384-00177883 so we're going for a similar build as
IH_UAliPriQ-00296-00177884-00178790 lasting
IH_UAliPriQ-00297-00178791-00179986 okay that's why it is
IH_UAliPriQ-00298-00179987-00181159 [Music]
IH_UAliPriQ-00300-00184884-00186087 um
IH_UAliPriQ-00301-00186088-00186478 oh man what's it oh it's proxy
IH_UAliPriQ-00302-00186479-00186711 what what strange proxy location but
IH_UAliPriQ-00303-00186712-00186999 it's a good one
IH_UAliPriQ-00304-00187000-00187911 good to know
IH_UAliPriQ-00305-00187912-00188063 might have made a mistake to make solids
IH_UAliPriQ-00306-00188064-00188390 actually
IH_UAliPriQ-00307-00188391-00188550 probably stalkers would have been better
IH_UAliPriQ-00308-00188551-00188695 stalkers fight a lot better
IH_UAliPriQ-00309-00188696-00188919 in the shield battery range even though
IH_UAliPriQ-00310-00188920-00189350 they're terrible against immortals but
IH_UAliPriQ-00311-00189351-00189687 did i did i have i had uh my charge
IH_UAliPriQ-00312-00189688-00190047 completed too late i think
IH_UAliPriQ-00313-00190048-00190447 yeah if i charge
IH_UAliPriQ-00314-00190448-00190878 i should have promised chrono boosted it
IH_UAliPriQ-00315-00190879-00191119 he has had more gates he had one two
IH_UAliPriQ-00316-00191120-00191199 three
IH_UAliPriQ-00317-00191200-00192190 three gates he's very old
IH_UAliPriQ-00318-00192191-00192431 sure i made more batteries perhaps even
IH_UAliPriQ-00319-00192432-00192599 more batteries
IH_UAliPriQ-00320-00192600-00192799 yeah i needed to stall for much longer
IH_UAliPriQ-00321-00192800-00193031 than i did
IH_UAliPriQ-00322-00193032-00193247 once i got critical about critical mass
IH_UAliPriQ-00323-00193248-00193350 of
IH_UAliPriQ-00324-00193351-00193543 of charge slots i should be able to hold
IH_UAliPriQ-00325-00193544-00193663 this but oh
IH_UAliPriQ-00326-00193664-00194683 man well more mmr for him i guess
IH_UAliPriQ-00327-00194684-00194959 oh
IH_UAliPriQ-00328-00194960-00195438 let's do one more
IH_UAliPriQ-00329-00195439-00195743 so we get a terran
IH_UAliPriQ-00330-00195744-00196083 on my least favorite map in the current
IH_UAliPriQ-00331-00196084-00196263 pool uh
IH_UAliPriQ-00332-00196264-00196711 well let's see what we can do
IH_UAliPriQ-00333-00196712-00197023 we will greet him because we are good
IH_UAliPriQ-00334-00197024-00197263 man at people
IH_UAliPriQ-00335-00197264-00197566 cersei
IH_UAliPriQ-00336-00197567-00200007 but this is really not my favorite map
IH_UAliPriQ-00337-00200008-00201199 you must construct additional pilots
IH_UAliPriQ-00338-00201200-00201631 let's see what he's up to
IH_UAliPriQ-00339-00201632-00201854 i've got a lot better than pvt uh
IH_UAliPriQ-00340-00201855-00201983 recently i used to be
IH_UAliPriQ-00341-00201984-00202519 really really bad at this matchup
IH_UAliPriQ-00342-00202520-00202878 still no idea how good this guy would be
IH_UAliPriQ-00343-00202879-00204483 we shall see
IH_UAliPriQ-00344-00204484-00204852 oh
IH_UAliPriQ-00345-00204853-00206055 [Music]
IH_UAliPriQ-00346-00206056-00207825 nothing suspicious yet so far
IH_UAliPriQ-00347-00207826-00207951 [Music]
IH_UAliPriQ-00348-00207952-00208223 okay this is good good in the sense that
IH_UAliPriQ-00349-00208223-00208358 this is standard and there's no
IH_UAliPriQ-00350-00208359-00209279 weird thing going on
IH_UAliPriQ-00351-00209280-00209438 so if you if you made a reaper his
IH_UAliPriQ-00352-00209439-00209631 reaper should be out right now
IH_UAliPriQ-00353-00209632-00209871 so if any luck it leaves the base then i
IH_UAliPriQ-00354-00209871-00211487 can harass this scb that's making the
IH_UAliPriQ-00355-00211488-00211639 okay he said he made a marine he was
IH_UAliPriQ-00356-00211640-00213015 like no he didn't he made up
IH_UAliPriQ-00357-00213016-00213910 twilight
IH_UAliPriQ-00358-00213911-00215006 oh my god we forgot that
IH_UAliPriQ-00359-00215007-00215215 i forgot to fill in the guys in the gas
IH_UAliPriQ-00360-00215216-00215855 this is bad
IH_UAliPriQ-00361-00215856-00216031 i'm going to harass you with that guy
IH_UAliPriQ-00362-00216032-00216823 for a while
IH_UAliPriQ-00363-00216823-00218519 what's up there as well
IH_UAliPriQ-00364-00218519-00218806 nice i don't know why he sent that suv
IH_UAliPriQ-00365-00218807-00219006 there
IH_UAliPriQ-00366-00219007-00219882 you require to get blink
IH_UAliPriQ-00367-00219883-00220942 gateways
IH_UAliPriQ-00368-00220944-00221758 make that mistake
IH_UAliPriQ-00369-00221759-00222119 you require more vesting gas you require
IH_UAliPriQ-00370-00222119-00222742 more
IH_UAliPriQ-00371-00222744-00223406 you gas more vesting gaps
IH_UAliPriQ-00372-00223407-00224838 i'm here
IH_UAliPriQ-00373-00224839-00224991 [Music]
IH_UAliPriQ-00374-00224992-00225663 i'm here we're gonna send a
IH_UAliPriQ-00375-00225664-00225839 hallucination scout this guy is still
IH_UAliPriQ-00376-00225840-00226271 alive which is nice
IH_UAliPriQ-00377-00226271-00226415 we're gonna make a third base long
IH_UAliPriQ-00378-00226416-00226655 overdue oh my god we are
IH_UAliPriQ-00379-00226656-00226823 banking so much money because we can't
IH_UAliPriQ-00380-00226823-00227558 make our stalkers jesus
IH_UAliPriQ-00381-00227559-00228151 thanks is he playing mac
IH_UAliPriQ-00382-00228152-00228631 oh no he has double barracks
IH_UAliPriQ-00383-00228632-00228951 okay looks pretty standard
IH_UAliPriQ-00384-00228952-00229198 if there's tanks we can mix up immortals
IH_UAliPriQ-00385-00229200-00230198 we're gonna get a charge
IH_UAliPriQ-00386-00230200-00231910 we're gonna one woof
IH_UAliPriQ-00387-00231911-00232206 not the worst but that's totally bad
IH_UAliPriQ-00388-00232207-00232334 because he got away that's the main
IH_UAliPriQ-00389-00232335-00232391 thing
IH_UAliPriQ-00390-00232392-00232591 if we didn't get away if we at least
IH_UAliPriQ-00391-00232592-00232719 kill one mine so
IH_UAliPriQ-00392-00232719-00234455 and it would be that bad
IH_UAliPriQ-00393-00234456-00234958 we don't have a forge
IH_UAliPriQ-00394-00234959-00235746 not playing very well
IH_UAliPriQ-00395-00235746-00236582 [Music]
IH_UAliPriQ-00396-00236583-00236967 engaging the enemy
IH_UAliPriQ-00397-00236967-00239482 okay this is really really bad
IH_UAliPriQ-00398-00239483-00241510 my
IH_UAliPriQ-00399-00241511-00241894 oh man we're so [__] dead
IH_UAliPriQ-00400-00241896-00242255 our gateways didn't kick him fast enough
IH_UAliPriQ-00401-00242256-00242503 i missed the smooth out because the
IH_UAliPriQ-00402-00242504-00245082 observer wasn't in position
IH_UAliPriQ-00403-00245083-00245471 um
IH_UAliPriQ-00404-00245471-00245982 you have not enough minerals
IH_UAliPriQ-00405-00245983-00246342 you have not enough minerals
IH_UAliPriQ-00406-00246344-00247903 not enough minerals
IH_UAliPriQ-00407-00247904-00250426 move up or what okay
IH_UAliPriQ-00408-00250427-00250682 [Music]
IH_UAliPriQ-00409-00250683-00252430 oh
IH_UAliPriQ-00410-00252431-00252727 well the minute the instant that he gets
IH_UAliPriQ-00411-00252728-00253294 goes we're just dead
IH_UAliPriQ-00412-00253296-00253646 just we are just dead full stop really
IH_UAliPriQ-00413-00253648-00254015 oh man what we're gonna do is we're
IH_UAliPriQ-00414-00254016-00255241 gonna try
IH_UAliPriQ-00415-00255242-00256367 [Music]
IH_UAliPriQ-00416-00256367-00257991 oh
IH_UAliPriQ-00417-00257992-00260629 your problems
IH_UAliPriQ-00418-00260630-00261882 [Music]
IH_UAliPriQ-00419-00261883-00263327 uh
IH_UAliPriQ-00420-00263328-00263606 i don't think i'll really get colossus
IH_UAliPriQ-00421-00263607-00265110 out in time for next
IH_UAliPriQ-00422-00265111-00267482 i am the heart of darkness
IH_UAliPriQ-00423-00267483-00270282 is
IH_UAliPriQ-00424-00270283-00271015 is
IH_UAliPriQ-00425-00271016-00273110 oh man we're so dead
IH_UAliPriQ-00426-00273111-00274639 research completed
IH_UAliPriQ-00427-00274640-00275879 [Music]
IH_UAliPriQ-00428-00275880-00276534 i
IH_UAliPriQ-00429-00276535-00278682 i have to do one last attack i think
IH_UAliPriQ-00430-00278683-00279812 completely
IH_UAliPriQ-00431-00279813-00280030 [Music]
IH_UAliPriQ-00432-00280031-00281576 your probes
IH_UAliPriQ-00433-00281577-00282882 [Music]
IH_UAliPriQ-00434-00282883-00283839 is
IH_UAliPriQ-00435-00283840-00284295 nope
IH_UAliPriQ-00436-00284296-00284734 he actually had only four bases but
IH_UAliPriQ-00437-00284735-00284934 still i had less than three i couldn't
IH_UAliPriQ-00438-00284935-00285175 keep my third base up because
IH_UAliPriQ-00439-00285176-00285430 he was pretty good i guess and the main
IH_UAliPriQ-00440-00285431-00285503 thing
IH_UAliPriQ-00441-00285504-00285943 the main thing that happened was
IH_UAliPriQ-00442-00285944-00286303 not catching that one attack my observer
IH_UAliPriQ-00443-00286304-00286415 was off position
IH_UAliPriQ-00444-00286416-00286663 that was this is why i don't like this
IH_UAliPriQ-00445-00286664-00287039 map because
IH_UAliPriQ-00446-00287040-00287143 normally when you have it somewhere
IH_UAliPriQ-00447-00287144-00287319 around here you can see the move out but
IH_UAliPriQ-00448-00287320-00287487 in this case my observer was about here
IH_UAliPriQ-00449-00287488-00287582 so
IH_UAliPriQ-00450-00287583-00287791 he kind of moved up without me seeing
IH_UAliPriQ-00451-00287792-00287919 and it's really important to see the
IH_UAliPriQ-00452-00287920-00288223 tank move out
IH_UAliPriQ-00453-00288224-00289287 oh man
IH_UAliPriQ-00454-00289288-00289551 so i got myself a decent worker lead
IH_UAliPriQ-00455-00289552-00289910 with this
IH_UAliPriQ-00456-00289911-00290047 not the end of the world of talent
IH_UAliPriQ-00457-00290048-00290247 because they have wheels
IH_UAliPriQ-00458-00290248-00290399 but yeah you need the worker leaders
IH_UAliPriQ-00459-00290400-00290575 products so in this case i have like a
IH_UAliPriQ-00460-00290576-00290758 nine worker lead
IH_UAliPriQ-00461-00290759-00290958 seven to nine and that's really
IH_UAliPriQ-00462-00290959-00291119 important for me to have
IH_UAliPriQ-00463-00291120-00291310 so up till this point the game is fine i
IH_UAliPriQ-00464-00291311-00291527 lost a few probes to the
IH_UAliPriQ-00465-00291528-00291839 to the to the to the mine drop but not
IH_UAliPriQ-00466-00291840-00291919 too many
IH_UAliPriQ-00467-00291920-00292287 i kind of reacted okay by my standards
IH_UAliPriQ-00468-00292288-00292391 anyway
IH_UAliPriQ-00469-00292392-00292682 so so it's here it's really hard to
IH_UAliPriQ-00470-00292683-00293054 catch
IH_UAliPriQ-00471-00293055-00293327 so total of five workers lost that's uh
IH_UAliPriQ-00472-00293328-00293454 for a double mind drop that's
IH_UAliPriQ-00473-00293455-00293943 not too too bad
IH_UAliPriQ-00474-00293944-00294191 but yeah that this move up so the mine
IH_UAliPriQ-00475-00294192-00294367 drop also distracted me i guess
IH_UAliPriQ-00476-00294368-00294551 did i did he actually pass by observable
IH_UAliPriQ-00477-00294552-00294887 range yeah he did
IH_UAliPriQ-00478-00294888-00295199 yeah so i was distracted by
IH_UAliPriQ-00479-00295200-00295687 trying to find this guy so yeah that was
IH_UAliPriQ-00480-00295688-00295743 that was
IH_UAliPriQ-00481-00295744-00296047 true that was really fatal so if i knew
IH_UAliPriQ-00482-00296048-00296439 if i know that he was coming right now
IH_UAliPriQ-00483-00296440-00296663 my charge i would i could kind of boost
IH_UAliPriQ-00484-00296664-00296882 the charge
IH_UAliPriQ-00485-00296883-00297127 and still it would have been a hard hole
IH_UAliPriQ-00486-00297128-00297279 because this was this is earlier than i
IH_UAliPriQ-00487-00297280-00297430 expected it to be
IH_UAliPriQ-00488-00297431-00297775 so i've got like one
IH_UAliPriQ-00489-00297776-00298223 i got one immortal i've got like three
IH_UAliPriQ-00490-00298224-00298582 gates with the forthcoming
IH_UAliPriQ-00491-00298583-00298863 i started building more gates uh soon
IH_UAliPriQ-00492-00298864-00298991 but it wasn't enough
IH_UAliPriQ-00493-00298992-00299143 i think i needed my gates much earlier i
IH_UAliPriQ-00494-00299144-00299334 was floating so i was i was i was not
IH_UAliPriQ-00495-00299335-00299519 playing well this game
IH_UAliPriQ-00496-00299520-00300279 ah man macro man macro
IH_UAliPriQ-00497-00300280-00300615 so our
IH_UAliPriQ-00498-00300616-00300775 he actually had more workers than we had
IH_UAliPriQ-00499-00300776-00300943 more supply than me so his army supply
IH_UAliPriQ-00500-00300944-00301158 is larger
IH_UAliPriQ-00501-00301159-00301399 he didn't have stem but with the tanks
IH_UAliPriQ-00502-00301400-00301806 in the background
IH_UAliPriQ-00503-00301807-00301975 he killed my battery before i could
IH_UAliPriQ-00504-00301976-00302143 stage the attack as well which is
IH_UAliPriQ-00505-00302144-00303047 a really big deal
IH_UAliPriQ-00506-00303048-00303351 so this hole isn't really a goal
IH_UAliPriQ-00507-00303352-00303591 at this point because i am like i've got
IH_UAliPriQ-00508-00303592-00303782 30 workers to his 47
IH_UAliPriQ-00509-00303783-00304575 this game is pretty much over
IH_UAliPriQ-00510-00304576-00304743 so his third base was really late but
IH_UAliPriQ-00511-00304744-00304951 with the severe amount of damage he did
IH_UAliPriQ-00512-00304952-00305030 it didn't really
IH_UAliPriQ-00513-00305031-00305479 matter and
IH_UAliPriQ-00514-00305480-00306191 so this this was good for me
IH_UAliPriQ-00515-00306192-00306406 i got a really nice flank for designing
IH_UAliPriQ-00516-00306407-00306575 so this would normally be extremely good
IH_UAliPriQ-00517-00306576-00306647 to me
IH_UAliPriQ-00518-00306648-00307054 except that he has 20 workers
IH_UAliPriQ-00519-00307055-00307247 so my army is really small i can't
IH_UAliPriQ-00520-00307248-00307367 afford to split it up
IH_UAliPriQ-00521-00307368-00307823 and then he is spinning his army around
IH_UAliPriQ-00522-00307824-00308158 so i couldn't warp and leave units here
IH_UAliPriQ-00523-00308159-00308630 because this army is so small
IH_UAliPriQ-00524-00308631-00308999 so yeah
IH_UAliPriQ-00525-00309000-00309119 basically what it did was the right
IH_UAliPriQ-00526-00309120-00309319 thing
IH_UAliPriQ-00527-00309320-00310119 no way i could hold all the fronts
IH_UAliPriQ-00528-00310120-00310399 yeah this is he got the third base and
IH_UAliPriQ-00529-00310400-00310447 that's
IH_UAliPriQ-00530-00310448-00310758 that's 100 over here he's 50 supply
IH_UAliPriQ-00531-00310759-00310895 ahead
IH_UAliPriQ-00532-00310896-00311287 so yeah sad day
IH_UAliPriQ-00533-00311288-00311703 but not unexpected
IH_UAliPriQ-00534-00311704-00311919 he was quite a bit lower than i was too
IH_UAliPriQ-00535-00311920-00312087 i just played bad this game i guess it
IH_UAliPriQ-00536-00312088-00312343 was not much
IH_UAliPriQ-00537-00312344-00312647 not much excuse i could make so the main
IH_UAliPriQ-00538-00312648-00312847 thing was i didn't see him come out
IH_UAliPriQ-00539-00312848-00313030 my gates were too late those were the
IH_UAliPriQ-00540-00313031-00313215 two main things i think that lost me the
IH_UAliPriQ-00541-00313216-00313682 game
IH_UAliPriQ-00542-00313683-00314039 oh i guess that's gonna be it
IH_UAliPriQ-00543-00314040-00314391 i'm gonna enlarge myself
IH_UAliPriQ-00544-00314392-00314703 and uh i have nothing to say lost three
IH_UAliPriQ-00545-00314704-00314863 games
IH_UAliPriQ-00546-00314864-00315143 the last one probably shouldn't have
IH_UAliPriQ-00547-00315144-00315327 lost
IH_UAliPriQ-00548-00315328-00315623 but yeah i hope for better games next
IH_UAliPriQ-00549-00315624-00315847 time i suppose
IH_UAliPriQ-00550-00315848-00315991 sarah i don't know if i'm going to do
IH_UAliPriQ-00551-00315992-00316175 any more of this we'll see but it was
IH_UAliPriQ-00552-00316176-00316247 fun
IH_UAliPriQ-00553-00316248-00316495 we'll see see you in the next video i
IH_UAliPriQ-00554-00316496-00316623 and whatever
IH_UAliPriQ-00555-00316624-00317120 it ends up being
IHBIpma4JIM-00000-00000024-00000622 [Music]
IHBIpma4JIM-00001-00000623-00001528 [Music]
IHBIpma4JIM-00002-00001529-00001592 [Laughter]
IHBIpma4JIM-00003-00001593-00002012 [Music]
IHBIpma4JIM-00004-00002013-00002279 so today was off and I could have used
IHBIpma4JIM-00005-00002280-00002699 the day but I was in real pain because
IHBIpma4JIM-00006-00002700-00002924 of the two injuries that I sustained
IHBIpma4JIM-00007-00002925-00003365 yesterday so could not work much on the
IHBIpma4JIM-00008-00003365-00003677 bike however I think I can spend some
IHBIpma4JIM-00009-00003678-00003899 time on it so what we'll do is we'll
IHBIpma4JIM-00010-00003900-00004261 install the lock it and then probably
IHBIpma4JIM-00011-00004262-00004825 from there we'll take it forward okay so
IHBIpma4JIM-00012-00004826-00005021 I will put you guys on a tripod and show
IHBIpma4JIM-00013-00005022-00005204 you how to install it first we'll start
IHBIpma4JIM-00014-00005205-00005642 with the fuel lid we can see there is a
IHBIpma4JIM-00015-00005643-00006064 lot of dust on the fuel tank which is
IHBIpma4JIM-00016-00006065-00006511 not a problem so I have all these curves
IHBIpma4JIM-00017-00006512-00007025 it's a great idea to actually get the
IHBIpma4JIM-00018-00007026-00007414 olds cruising because it's not easy to
IHBIpma4JIM-00019-00007415-00008635 find all these tiny just right on that
IHBIpma4JIM-00020-00008636-00009169 that's not the right wash up on that
IHBIpma4JIM-00021-00009170-00010086 remove it
IHBIpma4JIM-00022-00010087-00010645 job of the washer is to keep the school
IHBIpma4JIM-00023-00010646-00011936 in place and also left attention on
IHBIpma4JIM-00024-00011937-00012613 [Music]
IHBIpma4JIM-00025-00012614-00013099 that is that it's definitely a request
IHBIpma4JIM-00026-00013100-00014762 polishing okay so that is one key
IHBIpma4JIM-00027-00014763-00016730 installed for the side cover right here
IHBIpma4JIM-00028-00016731-00017165 okay so we'll install these so how do
IHBIpma4JIM-00029-00017166-00017365 you install this lock
IHBIpma4JIM-00030-00017366-00017722 so the as you can see the lock has few
IHBIpma4JIM-00031-00017723-00018152 notches and there are holes cut out and
IHBIpma4JIM-00032-00018153-00018434 in the cover all you need to do is just
IHBIpma4JIM-00033-00018435-00018806 make sure they match very difficult to
IHBIpma4JIM-00034-00018807-00019705 do at one hey let me so what you do is
IHBIpma4JIM-00035-00019706-00020009 match the notch okay
IHBIpma4JIM-00036-00020010-00020347 like you can see notches matched then
IHBIpma4JIM-00037-00020348-00022874 that is this rubber that needs to go in
IHBIpma4JIM-00038-00022875-00023150 so yeah like you can see the robot is
IHBIpma4JIM-00039-00023151-00023246 properly seated
IHBIpma4JIM-00040-00023247-00025500 now put the washer in and then okay so
IHBIpma4JIM-00041-00025501-00025753 what you need to do is you need to
IHBIpma4JIM-00042-00025754-00026162 tighten this not using any kind of
IHBIpma4JIM-00043-00026163-00026471 players these players work really well
IHBIpma4JIM-00044-00026472-00026706 so already tighten this one I have also
IHBIpma4JIM-00045-00026707-00027083 fixed the other cover so let's now move
IHBIpma4JIM-00046-00027085-00027593 on to the ignition module and the meter
IHBIpma4JIM-00047-00027594-00028131 consume it stirs the fuel petcock we
IHBIpma4JIM-00048-00028132-00028637 have it here so I'm going to use these
IHBIpma4JIM-00049-00028638-00028827 screws because they can be tightened a
IHBIpma4JIM-00050-00028827-00029093 bit but I'm also going to use some
IHBIpma4JIM-00051-00029094-00029857 thread Locker in this
IHBIpma4JIM-00052-00029858-00030814 it ensures that there is no leak
IHBIpma4JIM-00053-00030814-00031420 retro locker we'll be sure that the
IHBIpma4JIM-00054-00031420-00031710 screws won't come undone on their own
IHBIpma4JIM-00055-00031711-00031995 and also it will ensure that there is no
IHBIpma4JIM-00056-00031997-00032956 leak not something that can't be removed
IHBIpma4JIM-00057-00032957-00033493 in future this is not the thread Locker
IHBIpma4JIM-00059-00036978-00039252 cheers love that Lester also tighten the
IHBIpma4JIM-00060-00039253-00039860 subject using the impactor I mean impact
IHBIpma4JIM-00061-00039861-00040167 but what I'm going to do now is
IHBIpma4JIM-00062-00040168-00043146 something in a bit radical
IHBIpma4JIM-00063-00043147-00043510 I'm sorry I mean this is installed and
IHBIpma4JIM-00064-00043511-00043918 this is pretty tight let's hope there is
IHBIpma4JIM-00065-00043919-00045402 no leak from here this is it should be
IHBIpma4JIM-00066-00045403-00045457 attacked
IHBIpma4JIM-00067-00045458-00046214 it must shut up come in this but I don't
IHBIpma4JIM-00068-00046215-00047541 [Music]
IHBIpma4JIM-00069-00047542-00048135 [Music]
IHBIpma4JIM-00070-00048136-00049668 thank it so let me see I might have some
IHBIpma4JIM-00071-00049669-00050377 let's put on the convenience of that
IHBIpma4JIM-00072-00050378-00050601 [Music]
IHBIpma4JIM-00073-00050602-00051849 what we do is we first installed
IHBIpma4JIM-00074-00051850-00052955 Oh to repeat this for the other one the
IHBIpma4JIM-00075-00052957-00054416 other one yeah and I'll stop okay let us
IHBIpma4JIM-00076-00054417-00054857 move I shall bear actually wish these go
IHBIpma4JIM-00077-00054858-00055629 now next is these these are simple these
IHBIpma4JIM-00078-00055629-00056202 go onto the chassis these just pop into
IHBIpma4JIM-00079-00056203-00056652 space the slots of nothing much yet if
IHBIpma4JIM-00080-00056653-00056853 you look at this part this has a slot
IHBIpma4JIM-00081-00056854-00057201 here and you can see there is a pair of
IHBIpma4JIM-00082-00057202-00057453 slots here so all you need to do is just
IHBIpma4JIM-00083-00057454-00057971 slide it into place no it's ready to
IHBIpma4JIM-00084-00057972-00058137 take the tank
IHBIpma4JIM-00085-00058138-00058541 so let's why we are going to install
IHBIpma4JIM-00086-00058542-00058791 this tank on this bike is to make it
IHBIpma4JIM-00087-00058791-00059941 look little complete this would help us
IHBIpma4JIM-00088-00059942-00060335 so now that it is seated little time
IHBIpma4JIM-00089-00060336-00060755 we'll just see this properly so the tank
IHBIpma4JIM-00090-00060757-00060983 is seated properly now we need to
IHBIpma4JIM-00091-00060984-00061401 10-inch board so what I mentor is not 10
IHBIpma4JIM-00092-00061402-00061884 inch actually I meant 10 volts so these
IHBIpma4JIM-00093-00061885-00062562 over here
IHBIpma4JIM-00094-00062563-00062879 these things usually have issues with
IHBIpma4JIM-00095-00062879-00063106 the thread but this bike is a survivor
IHBIpma4JIM-00096-00063107-00063899 bike so all that is going to work like
IHBIpma4JIM-00097-00063900-00064216 it's supposed to work okay so that's the
IHBIpma4JIM-00098-00064216-00064729 tank mounted properly actually there is
IHBIpma4JIM-00099-00064730-00065297 some issue with the locks so that is the
IHBIpma4JIM-00100-00065298-00065575 reason why I didn't install everything
IHBIpma4JIM-00101-00065576-00065938 like basically the meter control wiring
IHBIpma4JIM-00102-00065939-00066515 is shot I'll either try to fix it or I
IHBIpma4JIM-00103-00066516-00066731 will try to get a new one
IHBIpma4JIM-00104-00066732-00067028 so in the meantime what we are going to
IHBIpma4JIM-00105-00067029-00067156 do is we are going to install the
IHBIpma4JIM-00106-00067157-00067576 bodywork as well to make this bike look
IHBIpma4JIM-00107-00067577-00067859 a bit more comfortable so I have
IHBIpma4JIM-00108-00067860-00068216 installed the tail and bushes and here
IHBIpma4JIM-00109-00068217-00070032 is the tail lamp that is gonna go next
IHBIpma4JIM-00110-00070033-00070304 so what we need to do now is we need to
IHBIpma4JIM-00111-00070305-00070910 put a washer and then put a nut so so
IHBIpma4JIM-00112-00070911-00071251 guys check this out so it started
IHBIpma4JIM-00113-00071252-00071581 looking like a complete bike again
IHBIpma4JIM-00114-00071582-00071782 few things are remaining I have to fix
IHBIpma4JIM-00115-00071783-00071999 the indicators the seat will come
IHBIpma4JIM-00116-00072000-00072556 tomorrow and front indicators need to be
IHBIpma4JIM-00117-00072557-00072925 fixed all this need to be wired this as
IHBIpma4JIM-00118-00072926-00073172 well as this and then I have to get the
IHBIpma4JIM-00119-00073173-00073393 grips which I could not get today
IHBIpma4JIM-00120-00073394-00073876 because today was already the bike needs
IHBIpma4JIM-00121-00073877-00074347 a wash plus the engine needs to be
IHBIpma4JIM-00122-00074348-00074930 completed so the body panels are fixing
IHBIpma4JIM-00123-00074931-00075080 nicely there are a couple of tabs
IHBIpma4JIM-00124-00075081-00075344 missing so
IHBIpma4JIM-00125-00075345-00076108 I don't think we can fix this like a
IHBIpma4JIM-00126-00076109-00076394 factory bike but it will look the part
IHBIpma4JIM-00127-00076395-00076625 this is a problem that Suzuki bikes
IHBIpma4JIM-00128-00076626-00077024 these tabs break too easily there is a
IHBIpma4JIM-00129-00077025-00077480 solution there is fiberglass he's
IHBIpma4JIM-00130-00077481-00077750 available this all three pieces are one
IHBIpma4JIM-00131-00077751-00077993 piece in that also you can get metal
IHBIpma4JIM-00132-00077994-00078356 ones which is like locally fabricated
IHBIpma4JIM-00133-00078357-00078959 but they look the part so tomorrow I
IHBIpma4JIM-00134-00078960-00079133 don't think I will be able to work
IHBIpma4JIM-00135-00079134-00079433 because I have office but most likely it
IHBIpma4JIM-00136-00079434-00079804 this weekend that is Saturday we'll
IHBIpma4JIM-00137-00079805-00080408 start the bike and then that is going to
IHBIpma4JIM-00138-00080409-00080741 be it and this bike once it starts
IHBIpma4JIM-00139-00080742-00081040 running it will be reunited with its
IHBIpma4JIM-00140-00081041-00081508 original owner I have never ridden
IHBIpma4JIM-00141-00081509-00081818 Shaolin I won't say that actually I
IHBIpma4JIM-00142-00081819-00082103 wrote that about three four times in
IHBIpma4JIM-00143-00082104-00082559 college but yeah this is going to be
IHBIpma4JIM-00144-00082560-00082966 different this engine is more like the
IHBIpma4JIM-00145-00082967-00083378 Shogun the switches the gear indicators
IHBIpma4JIM-00146-00083379-00083549 which is not present so it is just the
IHBIpma4JIM-00147-00083550-00083993 neutral that it shows then the meter
IHBIpma4JIM-00148-00083994-00084368 also is like a Shogun meter so yeah
IHBIpma4JIM-00149-00084369-00084602 there is some rust in the front mudguard
IHBIpma4JIM-00150-00084603-00084785 which we have to do something about we
IHBIpma4JIM-00151-00084786-00085202 cannot really do anything about Mother
IHBIpma4JIM-00152-00085203-00085709 Nature she reclaims what is hers and the
IHBIpma4JIM-00153-00085710-00085979 biggest example now is the virus which
IHBIpma4JIM-00154-00085980-00086210 is going on and the natural calamities
IHBIpma4JIM-00155-00086211-00086569 which are coming along with it so yeah
IHBIpma4JIM-00156-00086570-00087050 the mudguard part is sad the silencer is
IHBIpma4JIM-00157-00087051-00087419 lying there that also needs to be fitted
IHBIpma4JIM-00158-00087420-00087674 once the engine is completed I will fit
IHBIpma4JIM-00159-00087675-00087997 that there is a slight problem in the
IHBIpma4JIM-00160-00087998-00088301 silencer the muffler is kind of stuck in
IHBIpma4JIM-00161-00088302-00088658 it and it's partially broken
IHBIpma4JIM-00162-00088659-00088891 we'll have to do something about that I
IHBIpma4JIM-00163-00088892-00089234 might have to take it to somebody excuse
IHBIpma4JIM-00164-00089235-00089261 me
IHBIpma4JIM-00165-00089262-00089570 so they can remove it which will be done
IHBIpma4JIM-00166-00089571-00089837 not a big problem so other than that
IHBIpma4JIM-00167-00089838-00090038 like you can see the bike is almost
IHBIpma4JIM-00168-00090039-00090128 complete
IHBIpma4JIM-00169-00090129-00090647 we need the front meter wiring because
IHBIpma4JIM-00170-00090648-00090947 the one that came in the bike is pretty
IHBIpma4JIM-00171-00090948-00091325 bad but let's see if we can salvage some
IHBIpma4JIM-00172-00091326-00091924 of it so that's about it I hope you
IHBIpma4JIM-00173-00091925-00092333 enjoyed today's video thanks a lot good
IHBIpma4JIM-00174-00092334-00092501 night
IHBIpma4JIM-00175-00092502-00093453 [Music]
IKqCN3A-qAU-00000-00000204-00001062 [Music]
IKqCN3A-qAU-00001-00001063-00001523 thank you
IKqCN3A-qAU-00002-00001524-00003353 [Music]
IKqCN3A-qAU-00003-00003354-00003488 foreign
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ILkHuXekM38-00000-00000062-00000281 hey everybody welcome to the health
ILkHuXekM38-00001-00000282-00000488 coaches podcast I'm one of your hosts
ILkHuXekM38-00002-00000488-00000647 Kevin Davis and I'm one of your hosts
ILkHuXekM38-00003-00000648-00000894 Howard Jacobson how's it going
ILkHuXekM38-00004-00000896-00001183 apparently it is going now that sounds
ILkHuXekM38-00005-00001184-00001433 like so we've had a few attempts at this
ILkHuXekM38-00006-00001434-00001609 due to internet issues
ILkHuXekM38-00007-00001610-00001826 so I do want to apologize anybody who's
ILkHuXekM38-00008-00001827-00002005 hearing any background noise I had to
ILkHuXekM38-00009-00002007-00002242 move into a room that does not allow me
ILkHuXekM38-00010-00002243-00002642 to avoid a 16 month old walking around
ILkHuXekM38-00011-00002643-00002816 going little bit a little bit of and
ILkHuXekM38-00012-00002817-00003113 yeah all right well a future podcast
ILkHuXekM38-00013-00003114-00003701 host clearly yes so let's get it done
ILkHuXekM38-00014-00003702-00004094 before before any meltdowns occur so
ILkHuXekM38-00015-00004095-00004411 today I wanted to talk about guilt and
ILkHuXekM38-00016-00004412-00004786 specifically how to work with guilt as a
ILkHuXekM38-00017-00004787-00005170 coach so I'll throw it to you first when
ILkHuXekM38-00018-00005171-00005404 you were working with you know anxiety
ILkHuXekM38-00019-00005405-00005527 people
ILkHuXekM38-00020-00005528-00005858 was there any guilt that came up that
ILkHuXekM38-00021-00005859-00006056 helped that got in the way like was that
ILkHuXekM38-00022-00006057-00006213 a common feature
ILkHuXekM38-00023-00006214-00006550 yeah guilt really I mean you know not
ILkHuXekM38-00024-00006551-00006656 only with people that I've worked with
ILkHuXekM38-00025-00006656-00007025 with myself you know when things
ILkHuXekM38-00026-00007026-00007244 especially the anxiety like that you
ILkHuXekM38-00027-00007245-00007409 know to the degree that that I had it
ILkHuXekM38-00028-00007409-00007559 and a lot of my clients had it where it
ILkHuXekM38-00029-00007559-00007753 had impacted different aspects of your
ILkHuXekM38-00030-00007754-00008014 life then you end up building up this
ILkHuXekM38-00031-00008015-00008387 guilt about oh if I had somehow avoided
ILkHuXekM38-00032-00008388-00008588 this or done this better had not been so
ILkHuXekM38-00033-00008589-00008858 anxious I wouldn't have had certain
ILkHuXekM38-00034-00008859-00009134 impacts on my life my family my friends
ILkHuXekM38-00035-00009135-00009467 things like that hmm right so there's
ILkHuXekM38-00036-00009468-00009638 one form of guilt that someone brings
ILkHuXekM38-00037-00009639-00010088 with them like a poorly aligned you know
ILkHuXekM38-00038-00010089-00010403 rolling luggage that they're gonna bring
ILkHuXekM38-00039-00010404-00010595 with them to the coach because now
ILkHuXekM38-00040-00010596-00010745 they're right they they might not bring
ILkHuXekM38-00041-00010746-00010952 it to the doctor but when they go to a
ILkHuXekM38-00042-00010953-00011294 coach they know that it's in their hands
ILkHuXekM38-00043-00011295-00011603 and so a discovery that I could be doing
ILkHuXekM38-00044-00011604-00011903 things differently very often is
ILkHuXekM38-00045-00011904-00012139 accompanied by I could have been doing
ILkHuXekM38-00046-00012140-00012381 things differently and I didn't and
ILkHuXekM38-00047-00012382-00012638 especially other people's lives are
ILkHuXekM38-00048-00012639-00012871 impacted like I'm thinking about when
ILkHuXekM38-00049-00012872-00013046 parents discover
ILkHuXekM38-00050-00013047-00013334 their parenting styles could have caused
ILkHuXekM38-00051-00013335-00013634 their child's ADHD for example like
ILkHuXekM38-00052-00013635-00013822 there's a tremendous guilt that can come
ILkHuXekM38-00053-00013824-00014180 from that so what do you do when someone
ILkHuXekM38-00054-00014181-00014312 comes to you and you can sense that
ILkHuXekM38-00055-00014313-00014675 they're carrying this this lopsided
ILkHuXekM38-00056-00014676-00015146 roller bag full of guilt yes so one kind
ILkHuXekM38-00057-00015147-00015388 of broad you know approach to this
ILkHuXekM38-00058-00015390-00015560 incident it just always comes to my mind
ILkHuXekM38-00059-00015561-00015956 around guilt is that I see guilt kind of
ILkHuXekM38-00060-00015957-00016355 as actually a form of anxiety around
ILkHuXekM38-00061-00016356-00016589 past events hmm
ILkHuXekM38-00062-00016590-00017063 and so to me being able to be my you
ILkHuXekM38-00063-00017064-00017384 know use mindfulness use use some of
ILkHuXekM38-00064-00017385-00017552 those skills and techniques which is
ILkHuXekM38-00065-00017553-00017719 obviously something that I commonly
ILkHuXekM38-00066-00017720-00017987 would teach or talk about with clients
ILkHuXekM38-00067-00017988-00018359 and in that sense especially because if
ILkHuXekM38-00068-00018360-00018569 you are in the moment if you're if
ILkHuXekM38-00069-00018570-00018764 you're able to stay present here and now
ILkHuXekM38-00070-00018765-00018932 then you're not gonna spend as much time
ILkHuXekM38-00071-00018933-00019244 thinking back to the past to some guilt
ILkHuXekM38-00072-00019245-00019463 over you know like you said if it was
ILkHuXekM38-00073-00019464-00019580 something with your parents style or
ILkHuXekM38-00074-00019581-00019919 like I mentioned you know you know my
ILkHuXekM38-00075-00019920-00020279 anxiety causing certain things are
ILkHuXekM38-00076-00020280-00020693 changing certain aspects of life so you
ILkHuXekM38-00077-00020694-00020938 know sitting there and worrying about
ILkHuXekM38-00078-00020939-00021185 could I have done that differently or
ILkHuXekM38-00079-00021186-00021359 what could I have changed in the past
ILkHuXekM38-00080-00021360-00021803 doesn't change the past and so my you
ILkHuXekM38-00081-00021804-00022043 know my idea with that is if there are
ILkHuXekM38-00082-00022044-00022193 these things that you're worrying or
ILkHuXekM38-00083-00022194-00022283 feeling guilty about
ILkHuXekM38-00084-00022284-00022519 let's take you know because there can be
ILkHuXekM38-00085-00022520-00022739 some value in learning from those things
ILkHuXekM38-00086-00022740-00023030 so let's take a moment in time whether
ILkHuXekM38-00087-00023031-00023285 it's you know give yourself ten minutes
ILkHuXekM38-00088-00023286-00023522 every evening to sit down and think
ILkHuXekM38-00089-00023523-00023714 about the things that could have been
ILkHuXekM38-00090-00023715-00023936 done differently but literally to just
ILkHuXekM38-00091-00023937-00024137 put things on the shelf and then take
ILkHuXekM38-00092-00024138-00024386 them down at the ascribed time to
ILkHuXekM38-00093-00024387-00024641 purposefully look at them right so a
ILkHuXekM38-00094-00024642-00024830 cognitive level like one thing I learned
ILkHuXekM38-00095-00024831-00025061 from Peter Bregman is when he's talking
ILkHuXekM38-00096-00025062-00025289 with people about he's hey coaches let's
ILkHuXekM38-00097-00025290-00025532 say he's coaching or consulting with the
ILkHuXekM38-00098-00025533-00025939 team leader or a CEO who is facing the
ILkHuXekM38-00099-00025941-00026192 problem of how do you help someone learn
ILkHuXekM38-00100-00026193-00026242 from their
ILkHuXekM38-00101-00026243-00026470 mistakes which is essentially what we're
ILkHuXekM38-00102-00026470-00026743 talking about here and the the way
ILkHuXekM38-00103-00026744-00026974 people do it you know the way people do
ILkHuXekM38-00104-00026975-00027157 it the worst way is what were you
ILkHuXekM38-00105-00027158-00027585 thinking right so now they're going to
ILkHuXekM38-00106-00027586-00027837 recreate what they were thinking and
ILkHuXekM38-00107-00027838-00028117 reinforce it right and feel guilty and
ILkHuXekM38-00108-00028118-00028420 shamed right yeah extra shame yeah so
ILkHuXekM38-00109-00028420-00028660 the way most you know our people are
ILkHuXekM38-00110-00028661-00029023 taught to do it is sort of what did what
ILkHuXekM38-00111-00029024-00029262 did you what did you learn from that
ILkHuXekM38-00112-00029263-00029787 experience or you know like something
ILkHuXekM38-00113-00029788-00029935 something like that but so they're still
ILkHuXekM38-00114-00029936-00030099 going back into the past
ILkHuXekM38-00115-00030100-00030367 Peter's insight was you say if when you
ILkHuXekM38-00116-00030368-00030595 face a similar experience in the future
ILkHuXekM38-00117-00030595-00030924 what will you do differently and so that
ILkHuXekM38-00118-00030925-00031132 way it answers that question but it
ILkHuXekM38-00119-00031133-00031411 faces them forward and it's hard to have
ILkHuXekM38-00120-00031412-00031599 guilt about the future so much easier to
ILkHuXekM38-00121-00031600-00031930 Kilt about the past yeah I love that way
ILkHuXekM38-00122-00031931-00032083 of framing it I mean that's that's
ILkHuXekM38-00123-00032083-00032262 pheasant because you're taking really
ILkHuXekM38-00124-00032263-00032461 the same concept the same approach of
ILkHuXekM38-00125-00032462-00032562 learning from it
ILkHuXekM38-00126-00032563-00032883 but yet just just phrasing it just ever
ILkHuXekM38-00127-00032884-00033127 so slightly differently that way makes
ILkHuXekM38-00128-00033128-00033331 all the difference yeah and because as
ILkHuXekM38-00129-00033332-00033574 coaches what we want to do is get our
ILkHuXekM38-00130-00033575-00033724 people to stop thinking about the past
ILkHuXekM38-00131-00033725-00033970 and to focus on the future and so
ILkHuXekM38-00132-00033971-00034162 there's always this danger when we're
ILkHuXekM38-00133-00034163-00034365 debriefing them about their week or
ILkHuXekM38-00134-00034366-00034507 their month that they are going to go
ILkHuXekM38-00135-00034508-00034849 into story about the past all right so
ILkHuXekM38-00136-00034850-00035143 this is a way to obviate all that and
ILkHuXekM38-00137-00035144-00035461 get them thinking about the next time
ILkHuXekM38-00138-00035462-00035646 which is all we really care about right
ILkHuXekM38-00139-00035647-00035839 because as you said the past is
ILkHuXekM38-00140-00035840-00036298 immutable yeah well even in a sense we
ILkHuXekM38-00141-00036299-00036577 we want to bring it to again an
ILkHuXekM38-00142-00036578-00036807 opportunity to spend a few moments
ILkHuXekM38-00143-00036808-00037071 planning for and for being prepared for
ILkHuXekM38-00144-00037072-00037362 the next time but really with the you
ILkHuXekM38-00145-00037363-00037558 know the real purpose to be focusing on
ILkHuXekM38-00146-00037559-00037749 right now what is the thing that's in
ILkHuXekM38-00147-00037750-00037861 front of me right now
ILkHuXekM38-00148-00037862-00038121 right right which is another so it's
ILkHuXekM38-00149-00038122-00038271 another use of guilt
ILkHuXekM38-00150-00038272-00038473 it just becomes another one of those
ILkHuXekM38-00151-00038474-00038770 emotions that drives us to do the bad
ILkHuXekM38-00152-00038771-00039349 behaviors right so it's the you know I
ILkHuXekM38-00153-00039350-00039634 feel guilty about something so
ILkHuXekM38-00154-00039635-00039943 I swayed that unpleasant feeling that
ILkHuXekM38-00155-00039944-00040177 uncomfortableness with food or alcohol
ILkHuXekM38-00156-00040178-00040597 or whatever my addiction of choice is to
ILkHuXekM38-00157-00040598-00040954 anesthetize or to make myself high so
ILkHuXekM38-00158-00040955-00041236 that I you know create noise so I don't
ILkHuXekM38-00159-00041237-00041443 get to feel the guilt so in that way
ILkHuXekM38-00160-00041444-00041788 guilt is simply another way in another
ILkHuXekM38-00161-00041789-00041983 thing to be curious about right we like
ILkHuXekM38-00162-00041984-00042142 where is where do you feel the guilt
ILkHuXekM38-00163-00042143-00042304 when you feel the guilt what does it
ILkHuXekM38-00164-00042305-00042408 feel like in your body
ILkHuXekM38-00165-00042409-00042703 can you breathe into it
ILkHuXekM38-00166-00042704-00042922 notice it pay attention to it tolerate
ILkHuXekM38-00167-00042923-00043393 it accept it and at that point very
ILkHuXekM38-00168-00043394-00043732 often the physical sensations subside
ILkHuXekM38-00169-00043733-00044259 and then people like okay I feel better
ILkHuXekM38-00170-00044260-00044434 you know the great thing about being
ILkHuXekM38-00171-00044435-00044632 able to take that sort of power from the
ILkHuXekM38-00172-00044633-00044857 guilt is something else that I had had
ILkHuXekM38-00173-00044858-00044980 kind of written down that I wanted to
ILkHuXekM38-00174-00044981-00045268 bring up just this idea that you know if
ILkHuXekM38-00175-00045269-00045439 you're if you're in that guilt or any
ILkHuXekM38-00176-00045440-00045667 heavy emotion it's so much more
ILkHuXekM38-00177-00045668-00045922 difficult to make the the positive
ILkHuXekM38-00178-00045923-00046231 choices in this moment right now because
ILkHuXekM38-00179-00046232-00046423 you're distracted your energy is focused
ILkHuXekM38-00180-00046424-00046720 elsewhere and decision-making is hard
ILkHuXekM38-00181-00046721-00047017 enough on its own right so I will talk a
ILkHuXekM38-00182-00047018-00047212 little bit about like the what guilt is
ILkHuXekM38-00183-00047213-00047464 for and how it arises physiologically
ILkHuXekM38-00184-00047465-00047587 because I think that'll help explain
ILkHuXekM38-00185-00047588-00047845 that phenomenon and so like if you think
ILkHuXekM38-00186-00047846-00048028 about like the and I'm gonna sort of
ILkHuXekM38-00187-00048029-00048226 lump guilt and shame together a little
ILkHuXekM38-00188-00048227-00048406 bit and I know there's you know
ILkHuXekM38-00189-00048407-00048610 psychologists and purists out there who
ILkHuXekM38-00190-00048611-00048781 are gonna want to separate it but from
ILkHuXekM38-00191-00048782-00049084 my perspective they operate more or less
ILkHuXekM38-00192-00049085-00049336 the same in this context even though
ILkHuXekM38-00193-00049337-00049540 they may have different flavors right so
ILkHuXekM38-00194-00049541-00049651 it's maybe like you know square
ILkHuXekM38-00195-00049652-00049885 Triscuits and diamond shaped Triscuits
ILkHuXekM38-00196-00049886-00050184 or it's right check so diamond Jackson
ILkHuXekM38-00197-00050185-00050841 Square attacks so yeah guilt comes from
ILkHuXekM38-00198-00050842-00051330 our earliest memories as as infants so
ILkHuXekM38-00199-00051332-00051499 you know you've got a 16 month old there
ILkHuXekM38-00200-00051500-00051883 he can walk right yep which means which
ILkHuXekM38-00201-00051884-00052065 means he can run which means he can get
ILkHuXekM38-00202-00052066-00052450 into trouble right so I'm sure knowing
ILkHuXekM38-00203-00052451-00052663 you that you have you know baby-proofed
ILkHuXekM38-00204-00052664-00052907 your house
ILkHuXekM38-00205-00052908-00053259 and there are times when you can't
ILkHuXekM38-00206-00053260-00053411 baby-proof the whole world you sort of
ILkHuXekM38-00207-00053412-00053567 got to keep an eye on Baylor and make
ILkHuXekM38-00208-00053569-00053741 sure he doesn't get into trouble and if
ILkHuXekM38-00209-00053742-00054026 you see him sort of running for
ILkHuXekM38-00210-00054027-00054203 something that could be dangerous
ILkHuXekM38-00211-00054204-00054644 right are you like you know you you want
ILkHuXekM38-00212-00054645-00054899 to be a loving kind parent you want to
ILkHuXekM38-00213-00054900-00055146 have reasoned discussions to not raise
ILkHuXekM38-00214-00055147-00055371 your voice and if you see him like
ILkHuXekM38-00215-00055372-00055572 running towards a lawnmower or something
ILkHuXekM38-00216-00055573-00055860 you're gonna shout out you're gonna say
ILkHuXekM38-00217-00055861-00056034 stop No
ILkHuXekM38-00218-00056035-00056501 right and he's going to freeze the tone
ILkHuXekM38-00219-00056502-00056780 of your voice is going to create a guilt
ILkHuXekM38-00220-00056781-00057153 response and guilt is a survival
ILkHuXekM38-00221-00057154-00057575 mechanism it's inhibitory of action it
ILkHuXekM38-00222-00057576-00057956 causes a freeze response and it in
ILkHuXekM38-00223-00057957-00058262 grains a very powerful emotional memory
ILkHuXekM38-00224-00058263-00058700 of don't do that again right so that
ILkHuXekM38-00225-00058701-00059104 after you do it a couple of times the
ILkHuXekM38-00226-00059105-00059472 infant the baby the toddler the child
ILkHuXekM38-00227-00059473-00059784 learns not to repeat that behavior so
ILkHuXekM38-00228-00059785-00060068 it's an efficient way of keeping babies
ILkHuXekM38-00229-00060069-00060765 alive and so if all we all we did as
ILkHuXekM38-00230-00060766-00060980 parents was make our kids feel guilty
ILkHuXekM38-00231-00060981-00061154 for times that they were going to harm
ILkHuXekM38-00232-00061155-00061296 themselves or others
ILkHuXekM38-00233-00061297-00061515 then we wouldn't really have a problem
ILkHuXekM38-00234-00061516-00061925 with guilt the trouble is most of us are
ILkHuXekM38-00235-00061926-00062104 imperfect parents and we have been
ILkHuXekM38-00236-00062105-00062669 imperfectly parented and so we're also
ILkHuXekM38-00237-00062670-00062946 guilting our children when we overreact
ILkHuXekM38-00238-00062947-00063149 to their self-expression to their
ILkHuXekM38-00239-00063150-00063455 exuberance to their anything that you
ILkHuXekM38-00240-00063456-00063725 know them expressing their needs right
ILkHuXekM38-00241-00063726-00064042 I'm sure Baylor has not learned how to
ILkHuXekM38-00242-00064043-00064491 inhibit his self-expression right we
ILkHuXekM38-00243-00064491-00064803 work all the time with adults who can't
ILkHuXekM38-00244-00064804-00065075 take care of themselves and don't know
ILkHuXekM38-00245-00065076-00065265 how they're feeling in their bodies and
ILkHuXekM38-00246-00065266-00065738 ignore symptoms and ignore signals that
ILkHuXekM38-00247-00065739-00065954 things aren't going right I'd be willing
ILkHuXekM38-00248-00065955-00066112 to bet that Baylor can't do and
ILkHuXekM38-00249-00066113-00066648 that worth [__] you know not great at it
ILkHuXekM38-00250-00066649-00067259 so when so and that no baby can can be
ILkHuXekM38-00251-00067260-00067399 like well you know what daddy's been
ILkHuXekM38-00252-00067400-00067612 working hard lately and mommy looks a
ILkHuXekM38-00253-00067613-00067798 little stressed out and there's kovat
ILkHuXekM38-00254-00067799-00068116 and I think I'm just gonna give him a
ILkHuXekM38-00255-00068117-00068472 break today and put my needs second
ILkHuXekM38-00256-00068473-00069235 right all the time so what if with the
ILkHuXekM38-00257-00069236-00069442 baby is being the baby Baylor's being
ILkHuXekM38-00258-00069443-00069700 baylor and you just can't take it you've
ILkHuXekM38-00259-00069701-00069829 had such a hard day you've got a
ILkHuXekM38-00260-00069830-00070036 headache you're worried about something
ILkHuXekM38-00261-00070037-00070300 your mother-in-law can't come and watch
ILkHuXekM38-00262-00070301-00070507 the baby you're stressed out we had to
ILkHuXekM38-00263-00070508-00070753 change our time today from from noon
ILkHuXekM38-00264-00070754-00071096 you're worried about stuff and Baylor
ILkHuXekM38-00265-00071097-00071356 comes in with like swinging pots and
ILkHuXekM38-00266-00071357-00071542 pans and he wants you to play like and
ILkHuXekM38-00267-00071543-00071872 you're like Baylor just stop right and
ILkHuXekM38-00268-00071873-00072076 you just sort of blurt it out and now he
ILkHuXekM38-00269-00072077-00072390 has learned to feel guilty about
ILkHuXekM38-00270-00072391-00072659 expressing his needs about expressing
ILkHuXekM38-00271-00072660-00072860 his desires about expressing his being
ILkHuXekM38-00272-00072861-00073381 and so there's something called implicit
ILkHuXekM38-00273-00073382-00073666 memory which is we remember things in
ILkHuXekM38-00274-00073667-00073855 our bodies that we don't remember with
ILkHuXekM38-00275-00073856-00074056 our minds because our minds weren't
ILkHuXekM38-00276-00074057-00074638 fully formed at the time yeah so when we
ILkHuXekM38-00277-00074639-00074950 have guilt as adults we often don't
ILkHuXekM38-00278-00074951-00075238 distinguish between guilt for bad
ILkHuXekM38-00279-00075239-00075457 behavior like I do things that I feel
ILkHuXekM38-00280-00075458-00075778 guilty about I'm sometimes an [__]
ILkHuXekM38-00281-00075779-00075971 people sometimes people would argue
ILkHuXekM38-00282-00075972-00076340 about sometimes sometimes I'm not an
ILkHuXekM38-00283-00076341-00076760 [__] I would say I'm somewhere on the
ILkHuXekM38-00284-00076761-00077260 continuum between 0 and 100 I'll leave
ILkHuXekM38-00285-00077261-00077580 it to others to assess the true number
ILkHuXekM38-00286-00077581-00078025 but there are things for which I feel
ILkHuXekM38-00287-00078026-00078310 guilty in my life right now like I'll do
ILkHuXekM38-00288-00078311-00078544 something and I'll be like oh I wasn't
ILkHuXekM38-00289-00078545-00078835 cool and there are also things that I
ILkHuXekM38-00290-00078836-00079196 feel guilty for that are simply the
ILkHuXekM38-00291-00079197-00079429 implicit memory of
ILkHuXekM38-00292-00079430-00079873 times when I was disciplined poorly for
ILkHuXekM38-00293-00079874-00080104 trying to express myself and we see this
ILkHuXekM38-00294-00080105-00080536 all the time in our clients who can't
ILkHuXekM38-00295-00080537-00080878 prioritize self-care or they can't say
ILkHuXekM38-00296-00080879-00081061 they can't talk to people about what
ILkHuXekM38-00297-00081062-00081265 they need or what they want
ILkHuXekM38-00298-00081266-00081442 and they're very shy and diffident and
ILkHuXekM38-00299-00081443-00081652 like all you all take care of you first
ILkHuXekM38-00300-00081653-00081850 right they'd rather do all the laundry
ILkHuXekM38-00301-00081851-00082141 then sit for 10 minutes and meditate or
ILkHuXekM38-00302-00082142-00082432 go for a walk right and that is driven
ILkHuXekM38-00303-00082433-00082855 by this guilt which is triggered in the
ILkHuXekM38-00304-00082856-00083116 present to an implicit memory that they
ILkHuXekM38-00305-00083117-00084274 have no memory of no got thoughts all
ILkHuXekM38-00306-00084275-00084603 right it's got me thinking no though
ILkHuXekM38-00307-00084604-00084856 something that that kind of came up for
ILkHuXekM38-00308-00084857-00085114 me though in there is is when you talked
ILkHuXekM38-00309-00085115-00085549 about the device or the development of
ILkHuXekM38-00310-00085550-00085966 those implicit memories and how we you
ILkHuXekM38-00311-00085967-00086203 know now you used me in that example as
ILkHuXekM38-00312-00086204-00086814 the parent you know doing the guilting
ILkHuXekM38-00313-00086815-00087088 but what's interesting that sort of
ILkHuXekM38-00314-00087089-00087439 relates on that side but actually works
ILkHuXekM38-00315-00087440-00087628 in here is you know we talked about the
ILkHuXekM38-00316-00087629-00087790 mindfulness and staying present and I've
ILkHuXekM38-00317-00087791-00088081 noticed that that makes it easier for me
ILkHuXekM38-00318-00088082-00088336 to not have those quick responses like
ILkHuXekM38-00319-00088337-00088603 that mmm they happen good but they don't
ILkHuXekM38-00320-00088604-00088866 happen there's times when I feel like
ILkHuXekM38-00321-00088867-00089224 previous me would have done that and I
ILkHuXekM38-00322-00089225-00089593 don't yeah so you're you're you're in a
ILkHuXekM38-00323-00089594-00089764 better position than I am because I had
ILkHuXekM38-00324-00089765-00090016 my kids you know 24 and 20 years ago
ILkHuXekM38-00325-00090017-00090217 when I was far higher on the [__]
ILkHuXekM38-00326-00090218-00090670 scale yeah I I waited until that I'd
ILkHuXekM38-00327-00090671-00090948 slow down a little bit very very clever
ILkHuXekM38-00328-00090949-00091335 yeah so when as adults when we are
ILkHuXekM38-00329-00091336-00091708 triggered by our own guilt then we shout
ILkHuXekM38-00330-00091709-00091861 at the kid we know we're not supposed to
ILkHuXekM38-00331-00091862-00092124 do that and then it becomes a
ILkHuXekM38-00332-00092125-00092551 self-perpetuating done it and that
ILkHuXekM38-00333-00092552-00092843 separates us even more like if you screw
ILkHuXekM38-00334-00092844-00093044 your kid and then you go to them and
ILkHuXekM38-00335-00093045-00093311 make eye contact and smile and you
ILkHuXekM38-00336-00093312-00093518 repair the relationship there's really
ILkHuXekM38-00337-00093519-00093788 no harm done like we if we aren't that
ILkHuXekM38-00338-00093789-00093968 fragile as a species that we're gonna be
ILkHuXekM38-00339-00093969-00094154 psychologically destroyed by being told
ILkHuXekM38-00340-00094155-00094508 not to run in the street but if we
ILkHuXekM38-00341-00094509-00094736 follow that with like I'm shaking with
ILkHuXekM38-00342-00094737-00094994 rage how could you do that let's say
ILkHuXekM38-00343-00094995-00095177 someone else was watching and now I feel
ILkHuXekM38-00344-00095178-00095384 like they're judging me as a bad parent
ILkHuXekM38-00345-00095385-00095642 and all this extra stuff is going on I
ILkHuXekM38-00346-00095643-00095858 can keep averting eye contact with my
ILkHuXekM38-00347-00095859-00096095 infant I can keep punishing them in
ILkHuXekM38-00348-00096096-00096392 their mind right children are not babies
ILkHuXekM38-00349-00096393-00096572 are narcissistic everything's about them
ILkHuXekM38-00350-00096573-00096949 whatever I'm doing is caused by them and
ILkHuXekM38-00351-00096950-00097280 so like I think it's a really important
ILkHuXekM38-00352-00097281-00097547 reason for us to get to the roots of the
ILkHuXekM38-00353-00097548-00097904 guilt and learn how to deal with it too
ILkHuXekM38-00354-00097905-00098263 with us so we don't have to act it out
ILkHuXekM38-00355-00098264-00098585 so now when you're talking to a client I
ILkHuXekM38-00356-00098586-00098816 mean you know how do you help them to
ILkHuXekM38-00357-00098817-00099107 work around this without doing a therapy
ILkHuXekM38-00358-00099108-00099530 session and diving deep into will or
ILkHuXekM38-00359-00099531-00099845 their guilt comes from it right well so
ILkHuXekM38-00360-00099846-00100022 as coaches we don't really care where it
ILkHuXekM38-00361-00100023-00100316 comes from right we're not we're not it
ILkHuXekM38-00362-00100317-00100493 doesn't matter because they can't
ILkHuXekM38-00363-00100494-00100769 remember anyway so it's not like we're
ILkHuXekM38-00364-00100770-00101071 gonna have some you know psycho
ILkHuXekM38-00365-00101072-00101353 psychotherapy movie breakthrough and the
ILkHuXekM38-00366-00101354-00101585 person's gonna have finally have the
ILkHuXekM38-00367-00101586-00101750 flashback and understand everything
ILkHuXekM38-00368-00101751-00102026 right that it may have worked for Freud
ILkHuXekM38-00369-00102027-00102188 he certainly wrote like it did but it
ILkHuXekM38-00370-00102189-00102338 doesn't really work for most people
ILkHuXekM38-00371-00102339-00102706 like to understand the understand that
ILkHuXekM38-00372-00102707-00103243 you are having a normal response like
ILkHuXekM38-00373-00103244-00103609 when you talk about your PTSD and when
ILkHuXekM38-00374-00103610-00103751 you discovered that your body was
ILkHuXekM38-00375-00103752-00104000 actually performing normally in response
ILkHuXekM38-00376-00104001-00104260 to the accident like that takes some
ILkHuXekM38-00377-00104261-00104467 pressure off but it did that insight
ILkHuXekM38-00378-00104468-00104828 didn't solve your problem no right it
ILkHuXekM38-00379-00104829-00105008 just gave you the courage to solve your
ILkHuXekM38-00380-00105008-00105371 problem yeah yeah so we don't need to go
ILkHuXekM38-00381-00105372-00105575 back in time what we need to teach
ILkHuXekM38-00382-00105576-00105740 people to do is the same thing we teach
ILkHuXekM38-00383-00105741-00105854 people to do about ever
ILkHuXekM38-00384-00105855-00106159 a physical sensation and emotion complex
ILkHuXekM38-00385-00106160-00106574 which is to learn how to be with it to
ILkHuXekM38-00386-00106575-00106733 learn how to breathe with it because if
ILkHuXekM38-00387-00106733-00106925 you you know there's no problem with
ILkHuXekM38-00388-00106926-00107192 feeling guilt the problem is when we
ILkHuXekM38-00389-00107193-00107432 resist the guilt right so if you feel
ILkHuXekM38-00390-00107433-00107621 guilt one of two things you check it you
ILkHuXekM38-00391-00107622-00107836 you check things out like it's like
ILkHuXekM38-00392-00107838-00108010 touching the hot stove guilt and shame
ILkHuXekM38-00393-00108011-00108239 can make you stop doing something you
ILkHuXekM38-00394-00108240-00108455 shouldn't be doing it can be very useful
ILkHuXekM38-00395-00108456-00108749 and the key there is to change direction
ILkHuXekM38-00396-00108750-00108905 you don't keep your hand on the hot
ILkHuXekM38-00397-00108906-00109169 stove and go oh it hurts it hurts so
ILkHuXekM38-00398-00109170-00109375 much I can't believe how much it hurts I
ILkHuXekM38-00399-00109376-00109616 last year I had my hand on the hot stove
ILkHuXekM38-00400-00109617-00109838 and it hurt - I'm so stupid what am i
ILkHuXekM38-00401-00109839-00110051 doing just take your hand off the heaven
ILkHuXekM38-00402-00110052-00110680 hot stove right so using like having a
ILkHuXekM38-00403-00110681-00111023 healthy relationship to the guilt to say
ILkHuXekM38-00404-00111024-00111074 ahh
ILkHuXekM38-00405-00111075-00111398 information is it information worth
ILkHuXekM38-00406-00111399-00111683 paying attention to or not right it's
ILkHuXekM38-00407-00111683-00111872 like you're walking then somebody says
ILkHuXekM38-00408-00111873-00112013 hey you got toilet paper on your shoe
ILkHuXekM38-00409-00112014-00112349 and you look down and there's no toilet
ILkHuXekM38-00410-00112350-00112510 paper and you realize they were talking
ILkHuXekM38-00411-00112511-00112786 to the person next to you say okay or
ILkHuXekM38-00412-00112788-00113035 you realize no it is my shoe you know
ILkHuXekM38-00413-00113036-00113123 cool thank you
ILkHuXekM38-00414-00113124-00113378 right so guilt is giving you information
ILkHuXekM38-00415-00113379-00113789 and as an adult you get to decide who
ILkHuXekM38-00416-00113790-00114091 whether it's worth listening to or not
ILkHuXekM38-00417-00114092-00114433 yeah I'd take the toilet paper off - hmm
ILkHuXekM38-00418-00114433-00114698 in that case you said cool thank you but
ILkHuXekM38-00419-00114699-00114794 you didn't take the total paper all
ILkHuXekM38-00420-00114795-00115142 right okay well I would need a coach for
ILkHuXekM38-00421-00115143-00115598 that well see there you go yeah we're
ILkHuXekM38-00422-00115599-00115708 not putting ourselves out of business
ILkHuXekM38-00423-00115709-00115919 here you know if you have to every shoe
ILkHuXekM38-00424-00115920-00116264 I offer a personal grooming coaching and
ILkHuXekM38-00425-00116265-00116618 a very reasonable for everything so
ILkHuXekM38-00426-00116619-00116756 that's you know that so I see that as
ILkHuXekM38-00427-00116757-00117019 kind of a blessing of guilt the guilt
ILkHuXekM38-00428-00117020-00117559 arises and as mature individuated human
ILkHuXekM38-00429-00117560-00117784 beings we get to decide what it means
ILkHuXekM38-00430-00117785-00118328 and whether to do something about it the
ILkHuXekM38-00431-00118329-00118636 second thing is like supposed it's it's
ILkHuXekM38-00432-00118638-00118790 not you know it's not the toilet paper
ILkHuXekM38-00433-00118791-00119075 on our shoe suppose it's about I feel
ILkHuXekM38-00434-00119076-00119240 like expressing myself
ILkHuXekM38-00435-00119241-00119520 feel like asserting my own needs and I
ILkHuXekM38-00436-00119521-00119697 immediately feel guilty because I'm
ILkHuXekM38-00437-00119698-00120116 gonna let other people down so the good
ILkHuXekM38-00438-00120117-00120388 news is every time you feel that guilt
ILkHuXekM38-00439-00120389-00120677 you realize that you've had a desire to
ILkHuXekM38-00440-00120678-00120996 assert yourself right like that's
ILkHuXekM38-00441-00120997-00121502 actually a sign of progress and and so
ILkHuXekM38-00442-00121503-00121703 instead of being like oh my god I feel
ILkHuXekM38-00443-00121704-00121841 guilty again I shouldn't feel guilty
ILkHuXekM38-00444-00121842-00122474 right which is ironic like I feel so
ILkHuXekM38-00445-00122475-00122662 guilty for feeling guilty I feel so
ILkHuXekM38-00446-00122663-00122948 guilty for feeling guilty right at any
ILkHuXekM38-00447-00122949-00123161 point along better right I could do that
ILkHuXekM38-00448-00123162-00123461 for hours right at any point along that
ILkHuXekM38-00449-00123462-00123901 recursive path to enter hell I get to
ILkHuXekM38-00450-00123902-00124448 say ah look look what's happening all
ILkHuXekM38-00451-00124449-00124579 right
ILkHuXekM38-00452-00124580-00124889 I'm gonna I'm gonna tolerate and accept
ILkHuXekM38-00453-00124890-00125043 what is happening for me right now
ILkHuXekM38-00454-00125044-00125307 including the guilt and then I can I can
ILkHuXekM38-00455-00125308-00125462 be clear-headed and said ah this guilt
ILkHuXekM38-00456-00125463-00125828 is a sign of progress it's a sign of me
ILkHuXekM38-00457-00125829-00126072 finally stepping up to take care of
ILkHuXekM38-00458-00126073-00126894 myself cool I love that way of putting
ILkHuXekM38-00459-00126895-00127136 it is you know just looking at it as a
ILkHuXekM38-00460-00127137-00127347 sign of that progress because that's an
ILkHuXekM38-00461-00127348-00127628 area where many of the people that we
ILkHuXekM38-00462-00127629-00128033 work with including ourselves struggle
ILkHuXekM38-00463-00128034-00128351 right so you know if you see that as
ILkHuXekM38-00464-00128352-00128573 okay now I've made some progress in this
ILkHuXekM38-00465-00128574-00128972 area and start to look at the fact that
ILkHuXekM38-00466-00128973-00129156 this is maybe something that you want to
ILkHuXekM38-00467-00129157-00129428 assert yourself about and you can then
ILkHuXekM38-00468-00129429-00129716 really sit back and decide is this the
ILkHuXekM38-00469-00129717-00129921 time to assert myself and you know make
ILkHuXekM38-00470-00129922-00130190 those informed decisions all right and
ILkHuXekM38-00471-00130191-00130482 so it's and we can begin to extinguish
ILkHuXekM38-00472-00130483-00130853 it but the key to extinguishing these
ILkHuXekM38-00473-00130854-00131060 spasms of guilt is to not try to
ILkHuXekM38-00474-00131061-00131481 extinguish them right is to it's just
ILkHuXekM38-00475-00131482-00131733 simply right because if the signal it's
ILkHuXekM38-00476-00131734-00131996 like you know the brown cried wolf is
ILkHuXekM38-00477-00131997-00132287 after after this the the boy you know
ILkHuXekM38-00478-00132288-00132554 the inside that cries guilt a few times
ILkHuXekM38-00479-00132555-00132586 and
ILkHuXekM38-00480-00132587-00132858 we recognize oh no need to feel guilty
ILkHuXekM38-00481-00132859-00133141 like the circuit rhesus starts to
ILkHuXekM38-00482-00133142-00133516 atrophy a little bit on its own but you
ILkHuXekM38-00483-00133517-00133768 know but it's not even necessary to do
ILkHuXekM38-00484-00133769-00134062 so it's like if you have a you know we
ILkHuXekM38-00485-00134063-00134331 have we have a really old clothes dryer
ILkHuXekM38-00486-00134332-00134839 from literally 1993 so it's actually you
ILkHuXekM38-00487-00134840-00135256 know older than my children 27 years old
ILkHuXekM38-00488-00135257-00135736 and it's not doing great I will say you
ILkHuXekM38-00489-00135737-00135889 know it's probably time to replace it
ILkHuXekM38-00490-00135890-00136272 and at the end of a cycle it buzzes
ILkHuXekM38-00491-00136273-00136495 right now the new ones
ILkHuXekM38-00492-00136496-00136699 I've been looking online consumer
ILkHuXekM38-00493-00136700-00136897 reports and stuff everyone's have
ILkHuXekM38-00494-00136898-00137125 sensors that can actually tell when the
ILkHuXekM38-00495-00137126-00137338 wash is done this one works solely on a
ILkHuXekM38-00496-00137339-00137670 timer and it buzzes when the time is up
ILkHuXekM38-00497-00137671-00137998 so I go and I hear the buzzer and I just
ILkHuXekM38-00498-00137999-00138325 open it up feel one thing close it and
ILkHuXekM38-00499-00138326-00138532 pick the hit and turn the timer again
ILkHuXekM38-00500-00138533-00138886 and turn it back on right so the fact
ILkHuXekM38-00501-00138887-00139229 that it buzzes doesn't have to bother me
ILkHuXekM38-00502-00139230-00139537 right it's like the problem would be is
ILkHuXekM38-00503-00139538-00139729 every time it buzzed I took the wash out
ILkHuXekM38-00504-00139730-00140004 and folded it and put it away and then
ILkHuXekM38-00505-00140005-00140191 like you know the next morning it would
ILkHuXekM38-00506-00140192-00140565 be stinking right no assessment of
ILkHuXekM38-00507-00140566-00140898 what's actually going on here right just
ILkHuXekM38-00508-00140899-00141279 so so guilt is an opportunity to
ILkHuXekM38-00509-00141280-00141589 practice individuation it's a wonderful
ILkHuXekM38-00510-00141590-00141961 skill to say what's really going on for
ILkHuXekM38-00511-00141962-00142519 me am i in conflict with my values which
ILkHuXekM38-00512-00142520-00142876 is what guilt ultimately should be or am
ILkHuXekM38-00513-00142877-00143488 i in conflict with with my or you know
ILkHuXekM38-00514-00143489-00143707 am i am i in conflict with what's good
ILkHuXekM38-00515-00143708-00143973 with what's actually good for me and
ILkHuXekM38-00516-00143974-00144514 repressing that so but again the aisle
ILkHuXekM38-00517-00144515-00144954 the ultimate cure the ultimate treatment
ILkHuXekM38-00518-00144955-00145294 here is to guide our clients to sit with
ILkHuXekM38-00519-00145295-00145630 it in the moment right now if it becomes
ILkHuXekM38-00520-00145631-00145813 debility if some people can have guilt
ILkHuXekM38-00521-00145814-00145940 that becomes so developed
ILkHuXekM38-00522-00145941-00146144 that's so locked into the nervous system
ILkHuXekM38-00523-00146145-00146444 that we do want to refer them out for
ILkHuXekM38-00524-00146445-00146702 you know neurofeedback or psychotherapy
ILkHuXekM38-00525-00146703-00147131 or somatic therapy but you know the and
ILkHuXekM38-00526-00147132-00147344 and we'll find that out because they
ILkHuXekM38-00527-00147345-00147581 will not be able to follow our
ILkHuXekM38-00528-00147582-00147845 instruction to kind of go into the body
ILkHuXekM38-00529-00147846-00148055 or it will become so intolerable for
ILkHuXekM38-00530-00148056-00148430 them that they're gonna bail and at that
ILkHuXekM38-00531-00148431-00148625 point right if we don't have our tools
ILkHuXekM38-00532-00148626-00148856 available to us then we want to get them
ILkHuXekM38-00533-00148857-00149003 to a professional who can help them
ILkHuXekM38-00534-00149004-00149264 learn to titrate and tolerate so that
ILkHuXekM38-00535-00149265-00149459 they can work with us if they choose to
ILkHuXekM38-00536-00149460-00149792 again but if they can sit and feel the
ILkHuXekM38-00537-00149793-00150107 feeling and work through it I see that
ILkHuXekM38-00538-00150108-00150332 as present focused and future focus not
ILkHuXekM38-00539-00150333-00150956 past focused well it's kind of just like
ILkHuXekM38-00540-00150957-00151253 any sort of thought process that comes
ILkHuXekM38-00541-00151254-00151379 into your head you know those those
ILkHuXekM38-00542-00151380-00151673 thoughts and those feelings have only as
ILkHuXekM38-00543-00151674-00151976 much power as we give to them so when
ILkHuXekM38-00544-00151977-00152345 that thought comes up of guilt if you
ILkHuXekM38-00545-00152346-00152621 can just sit with it and take a few
ILkHuXekM38-00546-00152622-00152956 breaths and be okay that it's there and
ILkHuXekM38-00547-00152957-00153242 how it like you said to learn from it
ILkHuXekM38-00548-00153243-00153413 and look at what what it might be
ILkHuXekM38-00549-00153414-00153770 therefore it's not gonna have that power
ILkHuXekM38-00550-00153771-00153845 over you
ILkHuXekM38-00551-00153846-00154085 it may have enough power to inform you
ILkHuXekM38-00552-00154086-00154364 but if you if all you do is just to
ILkHuXekM38-00553-00154365-00154580 focus on that guilt and and the shame
ILkHuXekM38-00554-00154581-00154706 that comes along with it and those
ILkHuXekM38-00555-00154707-00154982 feelings then all you're doing is
ILkHuXekM38-00556-00154983-00155252 feeding that power and you also give it
ILkHuXekM38-00557-00155253-00155420 more power when you try to struggle
ILkHuXekM38-00558-00155421-00155573 against it and try it try to say no I
ILkHuXekM38-00559-00155574-00155744 can't feel that I shouldn't feel that
ILkHuXekM38-00560-00155745-00155996 you're just adding to it right right
ILkHuXekM38-00561-00155997-00156170 because then your guilt is still
ILkHuXekM38-00562-00156171-00156323 controlling you it's just controlling
ILkHuXekM38-00563-00156324-00156691 you in the opposite direction yes so
ILkHuXekM38-00564-00156692-00156974 cool I think I think that's a wrap I
ILkHuXekM38-00565-00156975-00157292 think I I want to applaud whatever
ILkHuXekM38-00566-00157293-00158081 internet you found 2g all the way to the
ILkHuXekM38-00567-00158082-00158474 neighbors so don't feel guilty yeah yeah
ILkHuXekM38-00568-00158475-00158747 stealing yeah yeah I just you know you
ILkHuXekM38-00569-00158748-00158897 get to move to a different room so I've
ILkHuXekM38-00570-00158898-00159110 moved over here to hang out next to the
ILkHuXekM38-00571-00159111-00159360 clown no
ILkHuXekM38-00572-00159361-00160018 yeah cool so what do we want to tell
ILkHuXekM38-00573-00160019-00160447 people to do anything and oh man all
ILkHuXekM38-00574-00160448-00160829 those llegan tell people what's to do
ILkHuXekM38-00575-00160830-00161056 well tell them so much power
ILkHuXekM38-00576-00161057-00161185 yeah tell them how they should feel
ILkHuXekM38-00577-00161186-00161490 guilty if they don't do right like you
ILkHuXekM38-00578-00161491-00162076 feel super guilty no you don't have to
ILkHuXekM38-00579-00162077-00162286 feel guilty well you know you do a
ILkHuXekM38-00580-00162287-00162523 little bit that's fine oh we would love
ILkHuXekM38-00581-00162524-00162844 for you to share this you know tell a
ILkHuXekM38-00582-00162845-00163038 friend if you know someone else who is a
ILkHuXekM38-00583-00163039-00163210 coach or who wants to become a coach or
ILkHuXekM38-00584-00163211-00163444 who just would benefit from these skills
ILkHuXekM38-00585-00163445-00163665 in whatever profession they are already
ILkHuXekM38-00586-00163666-00163975 doing share it with them or share it
ILkHuXekM38-00587-00163976-00164415 with 10 of them yeah also you you can
ILkHuXekM38-00588-00164416-00164751 email us we've got the email is health
ILkHuXekM38-00589-00164752-00165031 coaches podcast at gmail.com to send us
ILkHuXekM38-00590-00165032-00165204 any questions comments
ILkHuXekM38-00591-00165205-00165394 tell us how wrong we are whatever you've
ILkHuXekM38-00592-00165395-00165627 got we'd also love to have any any
ILkHuXekM38-00593-00165628-00165850 reviews or five star ratings especially
ILkHuXekM38-00594-00165851-00166093 you know those goods are great on iTunes
ILkHuXekM38-00595-00166094-00166297 and stitcher in all those places just to
ILkHuXekM38-00596-00166298-00166498 help us to get this word out to more
ILkHuXekM38-00597-00166499-00166854 people right on and we're gonna be doing
ILkHuXekM38-00598-00166855-00167154 another health coaches training in the
ILkHuXekM38-00599-00167155-00167431 fall right sounds like probably October
ILkHuXekM38-00600-00167432-00167674 give us a little time to rest after this
ILkHuXekM38-00601-00167675-00167838 cohort ends so what some in that range
ILkHuXekM38-00602-00167839-00168090 so if you're interested you go to well
ILkHuXekM38-00603-00168091-00168532 start coach.com alright and that's the
ILkHuXekM38-00604-00168533-00168733 one people can just sign up for the for
ILkHuXekM38-00605-00168734-00168883 the notification list and we'll let you
ILkHuXekM38-00606-00168884-00169038 know when we're opening enrollment and
ILkHuXekM38-00607-00169039-00169201 we can talk about whether it's a good
ILkHuXekM38-00608-00169202-00169246 fit
ILkHuXekM38-00609-00169247-00169452 well I was gonna say if you go there
ILkHuXekM38-00610-00169453-00169624 right now we don't have a date set for
ILkHuXekM38-00611-00169625-00169825 the weather when the next group starts
ILkHuXekM38-00612-00169826-00170035 so there's like a countdown timer on
ILkHuXekM38-00613-00170036-00170287 there somewhat that's not gonna it's
ILkHuXekM38-00614-00170288-00170470 gonna say like we started last month or
ILkHuXekM38-00615-00170471-00170773 something okay it updates whenever we
ILkHuXekM38-00616-00170774-00171037 decide the new date so ignore that thing
ILkHuXekM38-00617-00171038-00171211 and just go ahead and you know you'll
ILkHuXekM38-00618-00171212-00171366 have the opportunity to enter your email
ILkHuXekM38-00619-00171367-00171535 and be put onto the list so that we
ILkHuXekM38-00620-00171536-00171658 didn't let you know right it sounds like
ILkHuXekM38-00621-00171659-00172012 my dryer affectional time yes yes
ILkHuXekM38-00622-00172013-00172227 exactly the buzzer went off last month
ILkHuXekM38-00623-00172228-00172530 but we're still letting it dry
ILkHuXekM38-00624-00172531-00172798 very good all right man well thanks a
ILkHuXekM38-00625-00172799-00173107 lot good talking to you everybody thanks
ILkHuXekM38-00626-00173108-00173164 for listening
ILkHuXekM38-00627-00173165-00173440 I bye
ILQc-JN6znk-00000-00000852-00001199 [Music]
ILQc-JN6znk-00001-00001200-00002020 let's go
ILQc-JN6znk-00002-00002021-00002167 [Music]
ILQc-JN6znk-00003-00002168-00003087 no no no no no no no no
ILQc-JN6znk-00004-00003088-00003799 no no no no no no no
ILQc-JN6znk-00005-00003800-00005127 no
ILQc-JN6znk-00006-00005128-00005627 i am speaking more speaking
ILQc-JN6znk-00007-00005628-00006751 [Music]
ILQc-JN6znk-00008-00006752-00008246 no
ILQc-JN6znk-00009-00008247-00011197 no no no no no no
ILQc-JN6znk-00010-00011198-00012606 [Music]
ILQc-JN6znk-00011-00012607-00013319 hi
ILQc-JN6znk-00012-00013319-00013796 no no no no no
ILQc-JN6znk-00013-00013797-00016279 [Music]
ILQc-JN6znk-00014-00016280-00016455 no
ILQc-JN6znk-00015-00016456-00017364 no no no no no no
ILQc-JN6znk-00016-00017365-00017719 [Music]
ILQc-JN6znk-00017-00017720-00018247 foreign
ILQc-JN6znk-00018-00018248-00018791 [Music]
ILQc-JN6znk-00019-00018792-00019118 foreign
ILQc-JN6znk-00020-00019119-00020014 [Music]
ILQc-JN6znk-00021-00020015-00020562 foreign
ILQc-JN6znk-00022-00020563-00020620 [Applause]
ILQc-JN6znk-00024-00024907-00025271 [Music]
ILQc-JN6znk-00025-00025272-00025431 lord
ILQc-JN6znk-00026-00025432-00025783 [Music]
ILQc-JN6znk-00027-00025785-00026000 [Laughter]
ILQc-JN6znk-00028-00026001-00026543 [Music]
ILQc-JN6znk-00029-00026544-00027349 ah
ILQc-JN6znk-00030-00027350-00028295 [Music]
ILQc-JN6znk-00031-00028295-00030007 [Music]
ILQc-JN6znk-00032-00030008-00031223 me
ILQc-JN6znk-00034-00034319-00034543 no no no no
ILQc-JN6znk-00035-00034544-00035065 up
ILQc-JN6znk-00036-00035066-00035327 [Music]
ILQc-JN6znk-00037-00035328-00035628 uh
IMg7zkJV7qU-00000-00000000-00000265 symbiosis short for simulated
IMg7zkJV7qU-00001-00000266-00000561 biomolecular systems is a toronto-based
IMg7zkJV7qU-00002-00000562-00000860 Chemistry software company focusing on
IMg7zkJV7qU-00003-00000861-00001070 structure based drug discovery and
IMg7zkJV7qU-00004-00001071-00001424 retrosynthetic analysis tools it has
IMg7zkJV7qU-00005-00001425-00001723 established a strong reputation as one
IMg7zkJV7qU-00006-00001725-00001948 of the leading developers of flexible
IMg7zkJV7qU-00007-00001950-00002240 docking applications virtual screening
IMg7zkJV7qU-00008-00002241-00002489 methods and computer aided organic
IMg7zkJV7qU-00009-00002490-00002875 synthesis design in 2014
IMg7zkJV7qU-00010-00002876-00003182 symbiosis was acquired by John Wiley &
IMg7zkJV7qU-00011-00003183-00003795 Sons
IMg7zkJV7qU-00012-00003796-00004490 topic areas of expertise
IMg7zkJV7qU-00013-00004491-00004747 founded by a group of computer
IMg7zkJV7qU-00014-00004748-00005000 scientists and chemists symbiosis
IMg7zkJV7qU-00015-00005001-00005332 combines sophisticated search algorithms
IMg7zkJV7qU-00016-00005333-00005561 machine learning techniques and
IMg7zkJV7qU-00017-00005562-00005779 informatics approaches with chemical
IMg7zkJV7qU-00018-00005780-00006450 knowledge and modeling
IMg7zkJV7qU-00019-00006451-00007034 topic products
IMg7zkJV7qU-00020-00007034-00007364 a hits a fragment based flexible docking
IMg7zkJV7qU-00021-00007365-00007696 software efforts uses an exhaustive and
IMg7zkJV7qU-00022-00007697-00007943 systematic search algorithm that is
IMg7zkJV7qU-00023-00007944-00008162 designed to find the global minimum
IMg7zkJV7qU-00024-00008163-00008402 energy pose of ligands in proteins
IMg7zkJV7qU-00025-00008403-00008798 binding pockets the application uses
IMg7zkJV7qU-00026-00008799-00009049 symbiosis as proprietary scoring
IMg7zkJV7qU-00027-00009050-00009463 function in 2008 the company ported its
IMg7zkJV7qU-00028-00009464-00009782 docking software to Sony's PlayStation 3
IMg7zkJV7qU-00029-00009783-00009983 and other cell broadband engine
IMg7zkJV7qU-00030-00009984-00010226 platforms to achieve higher screening
IMg7zkJV7qU-00031-00010227-00010583 speeds that created huge interest
IMg7zkJV7qU-00032-00010584-00010788 especially with researchers using
IMg7zkJV7qU-00033-00010789-00011291 PlayStation 3 cluster technology lassu a
IMg7zkJV7qU-00034-00011292-00011594 similarity based virtual screening tool
IMg7zkJV7qU-00035-00011595-00011843 that uses elements of air hits scoring
IMg7zkJV7qU-00036-00011844-00012158 function to identify bioactive molecules
IMg7zkJV7qU-00037-00012159-00012584 in large libraries of compounds our Cham
IMg7zkJV7qU-00038-00012585-00012874 a retrosynthetic analysis tool that
IMg7zkJV7qU-00039-00012875-00013112 searches for possible synthetic roots
IMg7zkJV7qU-00040-00013113-00013316 from commercially available starting
IMg7zkJV7qU-00041-00013316-00013760 materials to target molecules Chevie
IMg7zkJV7qU-00042-00013761-00014144 symbiosis is 3d molecular visualization
IMg7zkJV7qU-00043-00014144-00014196 software
IMg7zkJV7qU-00044-00014197-00014711 [Music]
IMg7zkJV7qU-00045-00014712-00015324 topic partnerships
IMg7zkJV7qU-00046-00015325-00015606 symbiosis maintains marketing
IMg7zkJV7qU-00047-00015607-00015837 partnership with key module it
IMg7zkJV7qU-00048-00015838-00016143 distributes the uk-based companies leave
IMg7zkJV7qU-00049-00016144-00016425 design tool sprout as well as other
IMg7zkJV7qU-00050-00016426-00017055 products
IMg7zkJV7qU-00051-00017056-00017656 topic see also
IMg7zkJV7qU-00052-00017657-00017918 molecular docking
IMg7zkJV7qU-00053-00017919-00018449 scoring functions virtual screening
IMg7zkJV7qU-00054-00018450-00019096 drug design retrosynthetic analysis cell
IMg7zkJV7qU-00055-00019097-00019397 microprocessor
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00000-00000119-00000579 still gonna spinning disks so this is in
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00001-00000580-00001075 the first part I found it it's page
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00002-00001076-00001729 eight page eight notes number two yeah
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00003-00001730-00002122 so um I just wanted to talk about it for
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00004-00002123-00002242 a couple minutes because I mean I think
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00005-00002243-00002548 I get the general idea it's sort of you
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00006-00002549-00002672 know like I did what it does like
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00007-00002673-00003007 visually um and I understand that you
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00008-00003008-00003229 can do in a cheap convolution basically
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00009-00003231-00003565 by you know in time by multiplying in
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00010-00003567-00003850 frequency and that that's equivalent to
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00011-00003851-00003986 doing the convolution that's a way of
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00012-00003986-00004484 writing it right right but I kind of
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00013-00004485-00004711 vaguely recall you talking about
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00014-00004712-00005350 convolution and shifting and convolution
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00015-00005351-00005540 of shifting maybe I'm mixing that up
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00016-00005541-00005711 with something so there's a I mean
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00017-00005712-00005975 there's many for a theorems there's the
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00018-00005976-00006148 convolution theorem there's the shift
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00019-00006149-00006397 theorem each of those leads to a set of
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00020-00006398-00006653 40 each each theorem is associated with
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00021-00006654-00006773 a forty eight do overnight
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00022-00006773-00007243 give us a shorthand of the theorem okay
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00023-00007244-00007736 so you know convolution of shifting are
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00024-00007737-00008219 two very useful Fourier tools okay what
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00025-00008220-00008539 was so the shift one then maybe I just
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00026-00008540-00008792 ran that in the convolution in my head
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00027-00008793-00009281 you know not it's totally distinct so I
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00028-00009282-00009437 kind of him forgetting what the shift
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00029-00009438-00010136 one said so the the shift there I'm
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00030-00010137-00010935 let's see
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00031-00010936-00011625 it's four days are definitely Fourier
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00032-00011626-00012394 transform I here's here's the ship there
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00033-00012395-00012582 [Music]
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00034-00012583-00013653 everything that's silent okay so
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00035-00013654-00015052 basically if you have a way of f a time
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00036-00015053-00015340 series F and you and this is in
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00037-00015341-00015502 continuous form of course but the same
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00038-00015503-00016135 thing works in a street form yeah so
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00039-00016136-00016336 there's two there's essentially two
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00040-00016337-00017050 versions of F there's the left of T okay
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00041-00017051-00017443 there's one right there but there's a
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00042-00017444-00017608 little F of T and then as the left of
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00043-00017609-00017908 team which has been delayed by this
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00044-00017909-00018265 shift time shift T zero okay which means
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00045-00018266-00018511 that the the wavelet has been shifted to
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00046-00018512-00018886 a later time okay all right so if you
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00047-00018887-00019117 had a richer wavelet or something that
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00048-00019118-00019351 starts at zero time you know now it's
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00049-00019352-00019696 really gonna start at T zero at F of t
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00050-00019697-00020421 minus T 0 so little F has a for a dual
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00051-00020422-00020758 which is just big F of Omega little F of
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00052-00020759-00020932 T is a for you dual which is big f of
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00053-00020933-00021259 Omega here's big F of Omega what the
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00054-00021260-00021794 shifts theorem is saying is that the
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00055-00021795-00022223 doing the shift in time okay if you
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00056-00022224-00022669 transform that to the shifted wave into
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00057-00022670-00023252 the Fourier domain then the the time
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00058-00023253-00023516 shift in the Fourier domain is the same
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00059-00023517-00023888 as taking of course you have the Fourier
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00060-00023889-00023996 transform
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00061-00023997-00024332 big f of Omega and you multiply it you
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00062-00024333-00024683 know point by point times e to the minus
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00063-00024684-00025046 I times Omega times T sub 0 the shift
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00064-00025047-00025418 okay okay so in this case T sub 0 is a
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00065-00025419-00025606 constant right and as you go through
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00066-00025607-00025997 each component of the Fourier transform
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00067-00025998-00026245 f at each frequency Omega you know then
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00068-00026247-00026774 this this Euler exponential takes
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00069-00026775-00027056 another value and it's worth noting that
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00070-00027057-00027401 the this there's a great similarity
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00071-00027402-00027662 between this Euler exponential here
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00072-00027663-00027893 that's implements the shift in the
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00073-00027894-00028249 frequency domain and the Fourier
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00074-00028250-00028760 transform exponential itself it's quite
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00075-00028761-00028958 similar I mean T is not constant but
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00076-00028958-00029502 it's very yeah yeah it's very familiar
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00077-00029504-00030008 and will actually make use of that so I
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00078-00030008-00030224 guess with the I think make a picture
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00079-00030225-00030548 content it's kind of discard the picture
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00080-00030549-00030851 so I'm drawing dislike I've drawn two
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00081-00030852-00031264 waves a continuous wave yeah and then
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00082-00031266-00031610 there's a wavelet yeah right right I'm
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00083-00031611-00031763 kind of thinking about the fact that you
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00084-00031764-00032033 know I can make a wavelet wherever I
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00085-00032033-00032215 want just but when doing like just
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00086-00032216-00032443 saying that I'm gonna go from right
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00087-00032444-00032806 delta T did and don't know our our our
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00088-00032807-00033021 [Music]
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00089-00033022-00033889 our
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00090-00033890-00034220 our you know the theory this the this
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00091-00034221-00034403 theorem here for instance this Fourier
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00092-00034404-00035210 tool is applies equally to continuous
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00093-00035211-00035411 functions that go from minus infinity to
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00094-00035412-00036014 plus infinity and also to two functions
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00095-00036015-00036293 on limited time axes and of course all
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00096-00036294-00036530 of the thing the thing you have to
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00097-00036531-00036761 realize is that in once we start
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00098-00036762-00037001 disparate izing once we start sampling
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00099-00037002-00037511 our our data and time we never ever have
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00100-00037512-00037904 a truly continuous function even if it
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00101-00037905-00038137 looks continuous within our time sample
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00102-00038138-00038369 there are times for which we have no
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00103-00038370-00039263 data yeah okay so and that's that's kind
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00104-00039264-00039566 of rendered in fft lab by the
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00105-00039567-00039982 circularity the cyclicity of of fft lab
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00106-00039983-00040409 you know where where the the the last
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00107-00040410-00040670 point connects back to the first point
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00108-00040671-00040850 and you realize we're just going around
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00109-00040851-00041129 the unit circle so that's that's clear
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00110-00041130-00041432 in frequency on the lower part but it's
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00111-00041433-00041660 also true in time on the on the top
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00112-00041661-00041933 markets if you only have as you do here
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00113-00041934-00042257 32 points in your in your real world
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00114-00042258-00042644 data in your time series then you know
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00115-00042645-00042872 the 32 points of time this has to be
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00116-00042873-00043277 cyclic as well okay according to I mean
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00117-00043278-00043484 yeah for it to beat for it to work in
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00118-00043485-00043667 forty theory that's that's the
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00119-00043668-00043955 assumption that Fourier theory makes so
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00120-00043956-00044195 I hate to jump to something else I do
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00121-00044196-00044339 want to come back to that cuz it had a
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00122-00044340-00044471 little bit more on that but just what
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00123-00044472-00044612 we're kind of talking about the cyclical
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00124-00044613-00044939 nature of this okay um I was just kind
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00125-00044940-00045143 of thinking about how this you know I'm
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00126-00045144-00045287 just trying to get a good model in my
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00127-00045288-00045692 head of how all this works and you know
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00128-00045693-00045851 I was thinking of you know kind of our
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00129-00045852-00046073 discussions about the unit circle mm-hmm
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00130-00046074-00046605 and how if I have some arbitrary signal
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00131-00046606-00047047 whatever right but how when I'm doing a
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00132-00047048-00047296 Fourier transform I'm going from time to
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00133-00047297-00047518 frequency you know I was kind of
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00134-00047519-00047824 thinking about so it seems like it sort
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00135-00047825-00048226 of works by you know I have these
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00136-00048227-00048444 components I go along and I sample this
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00137-00048445-00048943 and basically I'm getting these things
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00138-00048944-00049150 that are you know in somewhere on my
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00139-00049151-00049426 unit circle based on the data and then
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00140-00049427-00049555 when you're actually taking the Fourier
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00141-00049556-00049921 transform it seems like the the spectrum
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00142-00049922-00050116 intensity does it have anything to do
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00143-00050117-00050632 with so you've got these points on it
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00144-00050633-00050893 and you know that you can kind of think
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00145-00050894-00051313 of them like vectors and they have you
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00146-00051314-00051646 mean the for a the 48 components yes or
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00147-00051647-00051871 which are imaginary numbers yeah I mean
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00148-00051872-00052045 not sorry well they're a complex number
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00149-00052046-00052207 yeah we're somewhere out there and
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00150-00052208-00052363 they're you know somewhere between zero
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00151-00052364-00052830 and your circle right so is that is that
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00152-00052832-00053851 kind of what's going on like is it yeah
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00153-00053852-00054204 I mean I mean the way to to move into
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00154-00054205-00055014 that is is through the z-transform and
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00155-00055015-00055534 realizing that you can turn the Z
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00156-00055535-00055747 transform into the Fourier transform
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00157-00055748-00056536 with this definition of Z is that
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00158-00056537-00057105 see transfers right but now your now we
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00159-00057107-00057951 want the euphoria definition of Z
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00160-00057952-00059248 further
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00161-00059249-00061162 it's as far as that goes
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00162-00061163-00061656 right you know the z-transform is a way
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00163-00061657-00061810 of representing district times time
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00164-00061811-00062578 right and here we go
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00165-00062579-00063073 so here's the lab or in you know it's
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00166-00063074-00063346 three that's the for a definition of Z
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00167-00063347-00063576 and it's clearly for sample time because
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00168-00063577-00063940 you know delta T is is there now you
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00169-00063941-00064087 have to be careful because in a lot of
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00170-00064088-00064305 what Claire about shows you in the book
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00171-00064306-00064621 good and all that and sometimes in my
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00172-00064622-00064851 notes we'll just draw will just assume
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00173-00064852-00065375 delta T is equal to one and drop it for
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00174-00065376-00065853 free for simplicity but it really is
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00175-00065854-00066450 billions there so so now whatever delta
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00176-00066451-00067399 T is whatever whatever you know and and
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00177-00067400-00068138 and you know whatever Omega is okay the
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00178-00068139-00069126 this this this definition of Z the the
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00179-00069127-00069310 complex value of Z is always on a unit
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00180-00069311-00069873 circle as you saw you know because it's
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00181-00069874-00070842 cosine Omega delta T plus I sine Omega T
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00182-00070843-00071756 so the the time series itself is a at
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00183-00071757-00072337 one value of Omega okay the time series
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00184-00072338-00072829 is a bunch of of coefficients you know
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00185-00072830-00073441 real coefficients of the of these points
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00186-00073442-00073731 that are that are you know scales of
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00187-00073732-00073891 these points that are that are around
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00188-00073892-00074224 the unit circle so they are
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00189-00074225-00074623 you know displacing right the the
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00190-00074624-00074830 coefficient is displacing that that
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00191-00074831-00075157 value you know a way to the sent they're
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00192-00075158-00075325 different from one the coefficients
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00193-00075326-00075709 they're displacing the values away from
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00194-00075710-00075976 the unit circle and of course the ones
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00195-00075977-00076213 that we don't have data for where the
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00196-00076214-00076339 coefficient is zero
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00197-00076340-00076582 that's at the center of the of the unit
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00198-00076583-00076876 circle so I think that actually is
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00199-00076877-00077038 helping a lot I just want to draw up
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00200-00077039-00077296 another picture really quickly so I've
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00201-00077297-00077482 just drawn another unit circle and I'm
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00202-00077483-00077710 just imagining essentially you know I'm
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00203-00077711-00077950 thinking of this the song that you have
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00204-00077951-00078187 right that's a that's a Z polynomial
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00205-00078188-00078412 yeah but it turns out if you take this
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00206-00078413-00078721 definition of Z it's also the Fourier
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00207-00078722-00078994 transform component at you know once you
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00208-00078995-00079258 do all the once you add all the parts of
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00209-00079259-00079615 the polynomial together then it is the
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00210-00079616-00079831 Fourier transform at that Omega if you
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00211-00079832-00079948 take a mega constant
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00212-00079949-00080203 yeah so I'm just imagining I'm just
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00213-00080204-00080374 imagining a situation where I only have
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00214-00080375-00080662 one of those so one where I'm the sum of
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00215-00080663-00080860 one and I only have one coefficient and
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00216-00080861-00081190 one sine cosine so you ever see of a one
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00217-00081191-00081553 length I'm series yeah just just or or
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00218-00081554-00081787 or or maybe it's a spike it's yeah I'm
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00219-00081788-00081913 just I'm just thinking of something
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00220-00081914-00082069 that's really simple and easy for me to
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00221-00082070-00082285 draw so kind of going back to my unit
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00222-00082286-00082435 circle it's always good to it's always
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00223-00082436-00082690 good to to test with with spikes with
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00224-00082691-00083026 with Delta functions because they tell
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00225-00083027-00083230 you what the impulse response of the
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00226-00083231-00083596 transform is yeah so if it's something
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00227-00083597-00083938 like that then just going around the
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00228-00083939-00084331 circle then I just have one thing kind
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00229-00084332-00084526 of if I'm just thinking of plotting this
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00230-00084527-00084841 out on my unit circle and I only have
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00231-00084842-00085012 the one coefficient in one you know
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00232-00085013-00085195 cosine sine but you're allowing you're
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00233-00085196-00085555 allowing frequency to take any any value
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00234-00085556-00085900 yeah okay um sorry something you have
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00235-00085901-00086347 you have if it's a delta function equal
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00236-00086348-00086749 to 1 then you have 1 times 1 times e to
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00237-00086750-00087438 the power of I Omega delta T ok and
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00238-00087439-00087937 and so okay delta T can be won and so
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00239-00087938-00088157 eating you have e to the I Omega and
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00240-00088158-00088625 that assigned plus I saw and write of
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00241-00088626-00089272 Omega so that's a you know that's a
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00242-00089273-00089734 point on the unit circle for for each
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00243-00089735-00090006 different frequency yeah
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00244-00090007-00090201 so you'd get you know like some
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00245-00090202-00090525 something plotted in the unit circle and
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00246-00090526-00090700 then there'd be a place or it was larger
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00247-00090701-00090943 what you know it higher well only if
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00248-00090944-00091174 your if instead of you know you're
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00249-00091175-00091390 taking a delta function of value one
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00250-00091391-00091632 with coefficient one use some other
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00251-00091633-00091780 coefficient and it will be a circle
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00252-00091781-00091972 either inside or outside the circle
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00253-00091973-00092187 right because it'll be the same
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00254-00092188-00092719 coefficient the same F sub n right you
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00255-00092720-00092947 know so it'll be a half unit circle or
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00256-00092948-00093288 you know two unit circle if F sub n is
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00257-00093289-00093709 is is half or two okay this will be a
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00258-00093710-00093876 circle still be a perfect circle
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00259-00093877-00094276 yeah okay and that's I mean that's you
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00260-00094277-00094459 know making its value for all different
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00261-00094460-00094756 frequencies around the circle from 0 to
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00262-00094757-00095290 PI which is really from minus minus PI
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00263-00095291-00095653 and PI right because we're we really
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00264-00095654-00095981 consider the principal fold to be from
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00265-00095982-00096567 from - the the Nyquist to the positive -
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00266-00096568-00096991 minus PI to PI with zero below something
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00267-00096992-00097594 I have to then you put yeah 15 lab on
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00268-00097595-00098763 Origin Center so this is that yeah
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00269-00098764-00099294 so the real is the is so these are the
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00270-00099295-00099450 real and imaginary values going around
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00271-00099451-00099718 the unit circle right the real is the
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00272-00099719-00099888 cosine part the imaginary is the sine
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00273-00099889-00100474 part and and this is exactly that
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00274-00100475-00100774 because we got one coefficient now it'll
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00275-00100775-00101086 ill self scale so it doesn't matter yeah
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00276-00101087-00101584 you know what we set the value spike to
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00277-00101585-00101959 we will but it but it will you know it
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00278-00101960-00102151 is actually changing the values of these
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00279-00102152-00102391 real diversionary parts there's being
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00280-00102392-00102727 scaled by them by the coefficient F sub
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00281-00102728-00103311 n back to back to here yeah so just to
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00282-00103313-00103551 sort of finish off could you do that
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00283-00103552-00104050 yeah so when it comes up with the you
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00284-00104051-00104481 know this intensity essentially the the
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00285-00104482-00104793 vertical scale yeah that's the is the 48
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00286-00104794-00105040 you know you might be tempted to call it
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00287-00105041-00105408 the the spectrum the spectrum is the
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00288-00105409-00105721 square of it right or the magnitude of
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00289-00105722-00105955 the complex number but it's a complex
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00290-00105956-00106147 number which is that we call let's call
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00291-00106148-00106444 it the 48 component or or sometimes as
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00292-00106445-00106555 Claire black calls it the Fourier
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00293-00106556-00106816 transform or Fourier transform
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00294-00106817-00107140 compliment okay cuz I was so I was sort
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00295-00107141-00107473 of thinking about these as being the
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00296-00107474-00107632 magnitude so can you can you sit down
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00297-00107633-00107988 one more time as the okay so so it's the
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00298-00107989-00108424 you know here we have the real and
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00299-00108425-00108643 imaginary parts of the Fourier transform
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00300-00108644-00109051 of this spike okay and the real part is
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00301-00109052-00109375 the cosine of Omega the imaginary part
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00302-00109376-00110773 is the sine of and the
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00303-00110774-00111088 the real imaginary part that's a complex
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00304-00111089-00111355 number so at you know say this frequency
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00305-00111356-00111861 zero right here okay that that has a
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00306-00111863-00112180 real part of one say an imaginary part
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00307-00112181-00112576 of zero okay okay but that's a complex
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00308-00112577-00113308 number which is the the Fourier strictly
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00309-00113308-00113661 it's the Fourier transform of F of T
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00310-00113663-00114007 right we've got F of T here real and
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00311-00114008-00114193 nothing in the imaginary and here's F of
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00312-00114194-00114424 Omega the big f of Omega which is the
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00313-00114425-00114739 Fourier transform of it I understand
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00314-00114740-00114847 what you're saying now these are
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00315-00114848-00115030 essentially the coordinates of where it
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00316-00115031-00115219 would be add on the unit circle in the
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00317-00115220-00115342 intensity just when I take the vector
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00318-00115343-00115635 magnitude right things all right right
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00319-00115636-00115897 okay that that's well well well if you
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00320-00115898-00116041 take the vector magnitude you have an
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00321-00116042-00116449 amplitude spectrum yeah yeah okay that
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00322-00116450-00116692 that makes that makes sense now I'm just
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00323-00116693-00116907 having a hard time kind of placing
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00324-00116908-00117145 visualize an opport I'm not placing that
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00325-00117146-00117328 on the unit circle but I think that
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00326-00117329-00117796 makes more sense now right right now
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00327-00117797-00118191 let's see you know I try to add the
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00328-00118192-00119177 ability
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00329-00119178-00120465 see without rushing yeah
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00330-00120466-00120766 you know once you once you take get the
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00331-00120767-00121011 magnitude of those two you know you got
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00332-00121013-00121276 to keep the you know remember that
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00333-00121277-00121404 there's a there's a real part and
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00334-00121405-00122136 imaginary part and and and you know
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00335-00122138-00122424 together that the magnitude of that
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00336-00122425-00122772 complex number that is the amplitude
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00337-00122773-00123367 spectral compound okay so let me put
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00338-00123368-00123982 this urgent centered again okay so you
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00339-00123983-00124297 know at zero frequency here the real
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00340-00124298-00124543 part is one the imaginary part is 0 so
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00341-00124544-00125214 the the amplitude is is 1 the spectral
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00342-00125215-00125533 they up to be the amplitude spectral
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00343-00125533-00125797 component at zero frequency is one let's
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00344-00125798-00126289 look at this frequency here that's PI
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00345-00126290-00126595 over four okay okay and they're the real
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00346-00126596-00126959 part is zero the imaginary part is one
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00347-00126960-00127270 okay and so they still have an amplitude
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00348-00127271-00127471 of zero and if you if you think about
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00349-00127472-00127753 this oh you know this cosine is going
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00350-00127754-00128056 down if we go from zero frequency to PI
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00351-00128057-00128482 over four and and in the imaginary it's
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00352-00128483-00128740 increasing as I go from zero frequency
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00353-00128741-00129031 to PI over four so actually you know any
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00354-00129032-00129289 one of these if I was to get the the
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00355-00129290-00129688 amplitude it would be one so so actually
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00356-00129689-00129901 right across here the the amplitude
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00357-00129902-00130511 spectrum would be perfectly flat okay
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00358-00130513-00130889 okay
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00359-00130890-00131723 okay and that in fact is the is the
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00360-00131724-00132083 attitude that history habitude spectrum
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00361-00132084-00132934 of of a of a of a delta function yeah
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00362-00132935-00133484 okay um okay that's actually good for
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00363-00133485-00133793 now so the kind of to jump back to where
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00364-00133794-00133952 we were talking about before before I
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00365-00133953-00134248 jump to that we were talking about the
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00366-00134249-00134423 convolution of the difference between
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00367-00134424-00134621 the window or whatever window and a
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00368-00134622-00136252 shift okay so there's this early example
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00369-00136253-00136901 yeah where I have I superimposed - you
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00370-00136902-00137278 know a wavelet and a shifted wavelet
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00371-00137279-00137564 maybe a scaled and shifted wavelet but
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00372-00137565-00137852 the ships you know the wavelet in Z
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00373-00137853-00138197 polynomial terms is the X is the Z
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00374-00138198-00138535 polynomial X Z and then here you know
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00375-00138536-00139136 because the wavelet is because Z is the
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00376-00139137-00139979 is the unit the unit delay operator if I
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00377-00139980-00140276 multiply by Z to the 10th power I'm
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00378-00140277-00140588 delaying it by ten times delta T and so
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00379-00140589-00140911 here's another copy add it on right and
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00380-00140912-00141265 so you know and if you work this out
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00381-00141266-00141541 which would be easy enough to do if if
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00382-00141542-00142015 you kept it to you know if if X was just
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00383-00142016-00142316 you know a spike at zero time right it
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00384-00142317-00142763 would be one say 1 times e to the zeroth
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00385-00142764-00143336 power you know that that would be the Z
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00386-00143337-00143693 pono Emil and then this one would be 1
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00387-00143694-00144061 times e to the 10th power right and
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00388-00144062-00144400 and all the other powers of Z all the
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00389-00144401-00144753 other you know possible Z polynomials
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00390-00144754-00145176 would have our Z polynomial components
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00391-00145177-00145807 would have zero there's no zero
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00392-00145808-00146032 coefficients right so you would see a
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00393-00146033-00146323 spike here at zero time and and then
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00394-00146324-00146974 another spike here at ten bility okay so
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00395-00146975-00147629 that's you know that shift now you know
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00396-00147630-00148026 once you once you take the the Fourier
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00397-00148027-00148207 definition of Z you can see that that
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00398-00148208-00148464 shift has has an implication on the unit
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00399-00148465-00148752 circle - yes so that's kind of what I
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00400-00148753-00148984 was getting to is that so what we have
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00401-00148985-00149214 here is we have you know an original
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00402-00149215-00149451 wave would and then the same thing ten
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00403-00149452-00149782 you know cycles later yeah between which
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00404-00149783-00150022 there's nothing so right if I was to
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00405-00150023-00150366 take the Fourier transform of this and
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00406-00150367-00150513 then take the Fourier transform the
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00407-00150514-00150876 whole thing the amplitude spectrum
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00408-00150877-00151227 should be the same right because well
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00409-00151228-00151353 you're room that you've doubled the
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00410-00151354-00151543 energy right so are so so they would
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00411-00151544-00151684 actually what that's been okay larger
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00412-00151685-00151837 but but it would be in the same way so
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00413-00151838-00152229 it should be the same shape right so so
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00414-00152230-00152654 here's a here's a simple spike right and
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00415-00152655-00153560 and it
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00416-00153561-00153939 it has this Fourier transform which
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00417-00153940-00154121 actually we just talked about housing
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00418-00154122-00154611 the spectrum is is all ones yeah okay
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00419-00154612-00155133 and every frequency so you know I can
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00420-00155134-00155835 add another spike computer to catch up
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00421-00155836-00156353 to me okay and and this is a linear
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00422-00156354-00156753 superposition of the in the in the Omega
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00423-00156754-00156965 domain it's the linear superposition of
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00424-00156966-00157314 that simple broad cosine and sine wave
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00425-00157315-00157799 we saw before and this one here okay
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00426-00157800-00158228 which as you can see at larger time and
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00427-00158229-00158433 this is this is an important concept in
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00428-00158434-00159015 this class at larger time you get waves
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00429-00159016-00159270 that appear to be higher quote-unquote
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00430-00159271-00159639 frequency in the in the Omega domain in
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00431-00159640-00159945 the frequency domain okay it's just
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00432-00159946-00160182 there's just no convenient way to to
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00433-00160183-00161319 describe this other than yeah and that's
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00434-00161320-00161607 as clean as I can make that way there's
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00435-00161608-00161769 no convenient way to describe this other
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00436-00161770-00162243 than then talking about frequency you
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00437-00162244-00162819 know whether it's you know what you see
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00438-00162820-00162972 in the bottom you would describe very
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00439-00162973-00163253 naturally as a high fergenson way but
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00440-00163254-00163431 since it's on a frequency axis that's
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00441-00163432-00163695 not quite right but yeah and still just
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00442-00163696-00163806 have to describe it that it's not
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00443-00163807-00164184 actually because it's the same way it's
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00444-00164185-00164756 it's it's well it's been shifted in time
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00445-00164757-00165081 so that shows the the parallelism
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00446-00165082-00165462 between the two domains okay because I
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00447-00165463-00166031 really get the same thing if I take a
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00448-00166032-00166942 okay so if I have
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00449-00166943-00167741 all right so let's that's okay
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00450-00167742-00168233 so so look what I've done here I've I've
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00451-00168234-00168454 taken what I had in the time domain and
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00452-00168455-00169049 it's made a cosine sine combination in
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00453-00169050-00169385 the frequency no I mean I'm sorry you
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00454-00169386-00170078 know yeah I know yeah because it's so
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00455-00170079-00170330 parallel now now you'll notice that this
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00456-00170331-00170537 is the actually the negative of the
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00457-00170538-00170894 imaginary part so there is that subtle
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00458-00170895-00171170 there's that sine difference between the
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00459-00171171-00171353 the forward for a transfer we had a
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00460-00171354-00171575 spike in the time domain the forward
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00461-00171576-00171833 Fourier transform gave us a cosine and
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00462-00171834-00172196 an assigned when we go we do the inverse
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00463-00172197-00172505 transform and have a a spike in the in
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00464-00172506-00172781 the Omega domain okay we still get the
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00465-00172782-00173024 cosine in on the real part in the time
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00466-00173025-00173264 domain we get a negative coast negative
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00467-00173265-00173492 sign on the imaginary part in the type
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00468-00173493-00173744 of it but other than that it's exactly
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00469-00173745-00174008 parallel it's a it's a really nice for
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00470-00174009-00174716 you do and so I can add a higher
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00471-00174717-00175100 frequency spike right and that's pretty
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00472-00175101-00175748 much what I had you know for you know
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00473-00175749-00175943 it's a and this now looks like a higher
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00474-00175944-00176434 frequency wave in the the time double
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00475-00176435-00176626 okay
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00476-00176627-00176889 okay I think that I think that makes
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00477-00176890-00177220 that kind of makes sense it is just one
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00478-00177221-00177448 more question kind of on this topic with
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00479-00177449-00177832 some I'm thinking back to the you know
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00480-00177833-00178021 the high frequency wave that we had here
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00481-00178022-00178150 they said when we just had the two
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00482-00178151-00178348 spikes and the time can we just make
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00483-00178349-00179020 that really quick so we'll have a we'll
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00484-00179021-00179263 have a truly spike yeah and now later
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00485-00179264-00179620 stuck in a waiter's by again and I'm
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00486-00179621-00179761 just trying to think about what so the
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00487-00179762-00180112 amplitude spectrum for this I just find
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00488-00180113-00180288 it a lot easier to think about that then
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00489-00180289-00180502 what's actually going on here so if I
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00490-00180503-00180622 think about what the amplitude spectrum
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00491-00180623-00180973 for this should be if that means so
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00492-00180974-00181141 since these two spikes you know they're
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00493-00181142-00181462 to the two Dirac Delta 's just a set by
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00494-00181463-00181986 sometime so the frequency intensity I
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00495-00181987-00182410 mean I mean we get we get with us we
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00496-00182411-00182581 move the spike we move the one spike
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00497-00182582-00183424 down yeah and and we get a another you
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00498-00183425-00183706 know cosine sine combination just to
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00499-00183707-00183982 just you know with more rapid variation
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00500-00183983-00184240 in omega or higher frequency as I'm just
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00501-00184241-00184446 gonna have to say it yeah
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00502-00184447-00185404 so and then we but but if you go through
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00503-00185405-00185590 and and add up the links of all these
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00504-00185591-00185772 vectors right like it's zero frequency
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00505-00185773-00186088 you know we got one and zero in the
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00506-00186089-00186544 imaginary well that's that's gonna add
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00507-00186545-00186916 two that's gonna add up to two one yeah
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00508-00186917-00187063 so it's not gonna be exactly the same
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00509-00187064-00187264 it's going to be laughter yeah this I
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00510-00187265-00187480 would have if I right now Russia today
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00511-00187481-00187666 now we put in this others this other
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00512-00187667-00188290 spike okay we got the let's say these
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00513-00188291-00188752 were both amplitude one okay we would
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00514-00188753-00188950 have an absolute spectrum of one from
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00515-00188951-00189205 one spike an absolute spectrum of one
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00516-00189206-00189406 from the other spike and you add them
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00517-00189407-00189589 together everything adds together very
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00518-00189590-00189634 nicely
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00519-00189635-00189952 yeah yes you know
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00520-00189953-00190213 be a flat - okay oh that that makes
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00521-00190214-00190366 sense I guess there's a little caught up
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00522-00190367-00190687 on that make sense okay it would be nice
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00523-00190688-00191326 if if there was a you know a an amethyst
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00524-00191327-00191584 absolute spectrum display also for each
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00525-00191585-00192202 of these in time and and an Omega I find
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00526-00192203-00192349 it a lot easier to think about what the
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00527-00192350-00192613 actual live example to this but right
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00528-00192614-00193012 ROM okay so kind of moving on from that
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00529-00193013-00193520 to actual and we're questions I'll try
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00530-00193521-00194203 and kind of so I wanted to briefly talk
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00531-00194204-00194716 about a question for this is the unit
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00532-00194717-00195079 circle one so page thirteen exercise
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00533-00195080-00195841 three yeah and then yeah okay so number
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00534-00195842-00196244 four the last one on that or the last of
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00535-00196245-00196783 the number four 3a a frequency sampled
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00536-00196784-00197215 at ten points per wavelength yeah so one
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00537-00197216-00197476 wavelength is zero to two pi so it's my
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00538-00197477-00198100 whole it's my only unit circle um yeah
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00539-00198101-00198526 okay or minus minus PI to PI you know
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00540-00198527-00198772 it's two pi two pi bandwidth that's all
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00541-00198773-00199366 you got yeah um so is it god I hate to
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00542-00199367-00199537 just ask it like this directly is that
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00543-00199538-00199723 just saying I'm essentially the sampling
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00544-00199724-00200131 evenly across my entire circle um
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00545-00200132-00200582 because in what way I mean what's
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00546-00200583-00200833 sampled evenly okay so like I have a I
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00547-00200834-00201076 have this signal which it says what is
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00548-00201077-00201337 what is the frequency in the context of
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00549-00201338-00201499 the unit circle what is where do you
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00550-00201500-00202116 find frequency
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00551-00202117-00202389 it's not the real component it's not the
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00552-00202390-00202953 imaginary it's not the coefficient where
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00553-00202954-00203586 do you find frequency
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00554-00203587-00203891 Wow so I mean so so where is where is
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00555-00203892-00204099 where is units where is zero frequency
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00556-00204100-00204948 on on the zero and and and what is what
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00557-00204948-00205421 what geometrically what's zero there and
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00558-00205421-00205664 you're on the unit circle so we know we
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00559-00205665-00205832 know it's somewhere on that circle
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00560-00205833-00206352 I'm also geometrically that's no no no
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00561-00206353-00206735 frequency has is still on the unit
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00562-00206736-00206894 circle so can't be in them it can't be
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00563-00206896-00207085 at the origin okay then that's right
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00564-00207086-00207548 right there right and so now how do you
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00565-00207550-00207923 locate yourself on that circle how do
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00566-00207925-00208269 you describe that location if well I
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00567-00208269-00208448 would call it either zero or to hide
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00568-00208448-00208709 okay and what is that what is that zero
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00569-00208710-00209100 or two pi sin Omega it's an anger you're
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00570-00209101-00209369 swiping your hand you angle okay okay
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00571-00209371-00209489 that's what I'm getting at now the
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00572-00209490-00209730 frequency is an angle so zero frequency
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00573-00209731-00210017 is zero angle it's an angle from the
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00574-00210019-00210335 real axis counterclockwise angle from
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00575-00210336-00210825 the real axis so so zero frequency is is
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00576-00210826-00211191 at an angle of zero the and the Nyquist
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00577-00211192-00211446 is where it's at i right
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00578-00211446-00211638 so that's 180 degrees and angle
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00579-00211639-00211821 underneath reach that's that's on the
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00580-00211821-00212589 negative real axis and then where where
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00581-00212590-00213644 is where is where the negative
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00582-00213646-00214179 frequencies the quadrants yeah on the
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00583-00214180-00214500 unit circle yeah yeah yeah
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00584-00214501-00214791 so they're below the the real axis yeah
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00585-00214792-00215600 and okay so this frequency sample that
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00586-00215601-00215948 ten points per wavelength and so we go
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00587-00215950-00217850 back to the Fourier definition of Z
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00588-00217851-00218121 yeah
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00589-00218121-00219848 okay so so we have so what does it mean
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00590-00219850-00220117 ten points per wavelength then how do we
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00591-00220119-00220517 how do we put that Delta P in there well
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00592-00220519-00220644 let's just imagine we're using this
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00593-00220644-00220869 wavelength right there uh-huh
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00594-00220869-00221175 so I have ten evenly spaced points which
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00595-00221176-00221555 lens corresponds to ten evenly spaced
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00596-00221556-00221766 points you know somewhere on my unit
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00597-00221767-00222594 circle right so so let's see and you
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00598-00222594-00222780 know a wavelength I guess if this is 0
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00599-00222781-00223014 to 2pi no this would be 10 evenly spaced
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00600-00223015-00223437 points going between 0 and 2pi I don't
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00601-00223438-00223859 know Sarah both set is that right I'm
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00602-00223860-00224103 gonna make sure I'm not misleading you
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00603-00224104-00224712 I'm gonna check out the solution set
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00604-00224713-00224948 okay guys I can't always remember these
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00606-00229900-00230811 okay this is um four again yeah
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00607-00230812-00231773 and it's the last part
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00608-00231775-00232558 right so so one wavelength is is 2pi
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00609-00232559-00233009 right so so then where would you what
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00610-00233010-00233340 angle would you find the ten points per
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00611-00233341-00233823 wavelength frequency at two pi divided
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00612-00233823-00233885 by ten
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00613-00233886-00234366 yes base in my over five right okay okay
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00614-00234367-00234651 than that so that i just was a little
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00615-00234652-00234804 condemning i thought that's what it was
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00616-00234805-00234978 but i was a little confused because of
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00617-00234979-00235271 the i never mind actually that I was
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00618-00235273-00235413 kind of getting hung up on the fact that
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00619-00235414-00235592 these quadrants would be negative
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00620-00235594-00235742 frequencies and easily positive
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00621-00235744-00235934 frequencies but I think that's okay
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00622-00235935-00236492 actually yeah okay because ten points
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00623-00236494-00236960 per wavelength means that we're at Omega
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00624-00236961-00237354 is omega is the Nyquist Omega divided by
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00625-00237355-00237615 five that's the Nyquist Oh biggest
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00626-00237616-00238041 pocket oh yeah I hadn't thought about
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00627-00238042-00239284 doing it okay
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00628-00239285-00239635 okay I think that's good the other thing
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00629-00239636-00240913 I wanted to ask you about was so on
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00630-00240914-00241348 question nine you asked about the 2d
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00631-00241348-00241663 Fourier transform and it's basically
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00632-00241664-00242877 about the difference between if we have
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00633-00242878-00243685 yeah this one right yeah so I mean you
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00634-00243686-00243862 know we talked a lot about how you know
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00635-00243863-00244119 that two day for you to do a transform
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00636-00244121-00244369 is just you know is take you can do the
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00637-00244369-00244592 discrete Fourier transform twice
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00638-00244594-00244765 essentially say you're getting there
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00639-00244766-00245032 like right right um you do it in one
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00640-00245033-00245188 direction yeah and they're doing the
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00641-00245189-00245530 other direction but but each each the
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00642-00245531-00245704 first thing to think about is just the
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00643-00245705-00246088 the frequency part yeah so visit for an
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00644-00246089-00246328 hour or party or one anyway one at a
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00645-00246329-00246811 time so so because these two are
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00646-00246812-00247201 perfectly separable Omega and K the
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00647-00247202-00247444 Fourier transforms in Omega is it's
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00648-00247444-00247569 completely separate from the Fourier
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00649-00247571-00247987 transforms into K so so the first thing
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00650-00247988-00248332 we have to think about is alright
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00651-00248333-00248646 this must mean then that if if F of
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00652-00248648-00248875 Omega K can be determined from F of
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00653-00248876-00249076 minus Omega and minus K that means that
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00654-00249077-00249352 F of Omega can be determined from F of
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00655-00249353-00249712 minus and yeah so what does that remind
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00656-00249713-00249931 you well
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00657-00249932-00250102 so the way I want about doing this is
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00658-00250103-00250291 since since we've sprayed off the bag
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00659-00250292-00250540 say that you know the time function is
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00660-00250541-00250966 real I went and I found ya Omega in time
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00661-00250967-00251152 where I just did it described that's it
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00662-00251153-00251365 that's a crucial hint here yeah so I
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00663-00251366-00251566 just did a discrete you know a discrete
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00664-00251567-00251746 Fourier transform with that and you know
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00665-00251746-00251887 I showed that all that's left is the
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00666-00251888-00252142 cosines which are symmetric so
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00667-00252144-00252290 since they're symmetric negative Omega
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00668-00252291-00252605 is equal to positive Omega yeah just
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00669-00252606-00252812 immediately without doing anything but
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00670-00252813-00252971 what I was getting a little more hung up
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00671-00252971-00253304 on wasn't the case because look well
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00672-00253305-00253598 okay so k if you look at the Fourier
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00673-00253598-00253928 transform of n Omega you look at the
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00674-00253929-00254150 Fourier transform and K they're really
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00675-00254151-00254411 exactly the same okay so whatever you
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00676-00254412-00254729 come up with for Omega should be the
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00677-00254730-00255026 same so you know once you come up with
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00678-00255027-00255326 it for F of Omega be determined from f
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00679-00255327-00255632 of minus Omega now you're just by
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00680-00255633-00255901 focusing on the on the cosine part
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00681-00255902-00256244 you're missing something because the
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00682-00256244-00256754 transform when when is the cosine part
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00683-00256755-00257030 of the transform all you need well if
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00684-00257031-00257276 there is no imaginary part then there is
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00685-00257277-00257844 no I sine barb but there but there is
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00686-00257846-00258494 remember the okay so where's the diagram
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00687-00258494-00258815 for the sorry about that patents all
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00688-00258816-00259553 right where's the diagram for the the
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00689-00259554-00259966 Fourier transform
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00690-00259967-00261310 [Music]
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00691-00261311-00261550 see that's all top of the screen for a
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00692-00261551-00261689 church
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00693-00261690-00261936 what we can get to it from that too I
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00694-00261937-00262071 mean if we just think about the
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00695-00262071-00262287 definition of the Fourier transform
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00696-00262288-00262569 words you know X event well well what
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00697-00262570-00262913 what is this - what this discussion of
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00698-00262914-00263199 Omega versus - Omega what does it remind
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00699-00263200-00263739 you of the only the only time we talked
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00700-00263740-00264189 about you know relating the there's only
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00701-00264190-00264381 one time before we talked about relating
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00702-00264382-00264948 the the positive time with the the
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00703-00264949-00265101 negative time or the positive frequency
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00704-00265102-00265569 with a negative frequency I know I think
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00705-00265570-00266091 we remember so summer the discussion of
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00706-00266092-00266535 even and odd functions yeah okay and the
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00707-00266536-00267156 the the the even part you know your your
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00708-00267157-00267456 real time series all real time series
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00709-00267457-00267843 still has even in odd parts yeah okay
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00710-00267844-00268281 okay okay and the the even parts go into
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00711-00268282-00268401 the code are they're triggered by the
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00712-00268402-00268815 code cosine part of the Fourier
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00713-00268816-00269025 transform and the odd parts purely
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00714-00269026-00269409 imaginary are the the sine transform
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00715-00269410-00269687 which then ends up on the imagine yeah
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00716-00269688-00269946 so if it's all real then there isn't an
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00717-00269947-00270204 odd part right no no there's an odd
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00718-00270205-00270564 there of course is an odd because it's
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00719-00270565-00270855 so again we can go to F of T lab right
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00720-00270856-00271284 so here's an all real all positive yeah
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00721-00271285-00271482 this all positive time it's got real and
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00722-00271483-00271823 imaginary parts because there there's a
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00723-00271824-00272208 there's a there's even an odd parts
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00724-00272209-00273160 right to make it totally even
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00725-00273161-00274258 yeah well yeah or or I could make it
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00726-00274259-00274538 aren't we just completely no completely
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00727-00274539-00275393 awed yeah what's just a very good job so
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00728-00275394-00275819 now I basically I've made it an odd
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00729-00275820-00276182 function right which results in in
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00730-00276183-00276428 essentially in zero real part in the
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00731-00276429-00276704 Fourier transform in a nonzero imaginary
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00732-00276705-00277868 part and then here is here is an odd an
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00733-00277869-00278132 even function which essentially results
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00734-00278133-00278402 in a zero measuring part of the Fourier
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00735-00278403-00278888 transform so you you so if it's saying
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00736-00278889-00279218 that the time function okay I see what
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00737-00279219-00279338 you're saying so it says nothing about
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00738-00279339-00279527 if the time function is even or odd just
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00739-00279528-00279731 that the time function is a real okay
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00740-00279732-00280109 right right so given that you could
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00741-00280110-00280628 still concoct you know you can still
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00742-00280629-00281314 concoct a relationship between the
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00743-00281315-00281852 between the the negative frequency in
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00744-00281853-00282386 the positive frequency just remember
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00745-00282387-00282767 that that you've got to deal with the
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00746-00282768-00283118 the fact that it's a complex number the
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00747-00283119-00283307 Fourier transform is of that real
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00748-00283308-00283493 function is a complex number with
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00749-00283494-00284171 nonzero imaginary parts okay
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00750-00284172-00284390 I think I want to play with that
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00751-00284391-00284707 actually a little bit more we talked
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00752-00284708-00284888 about it considering I think that exit
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00753-00284889-00285109 that should get shoot from solvent yeah
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00754-00285110-00285430 yeah last thing I wanted to talk about
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00755-00285431-00285752 was that question 1000 you don't hurt it
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00756-00285753-00285910 you know that o'clock can you go for
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00757-00285911-00286112 like five minutes it's lie with me okay
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00758-00286113-00286431 yeah he's reviewing like chemistry stuff
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00759-00286432-00287252 okay so a question ten shows what would
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00760-00287253-00287602 change it shows a picture it's basically
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00761-00287603-00287771 a 2d Fourier transform
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00762-00287772-00288033 yeah and it shows a picture of the pulse
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00763-00288034-00288558 and then the response from that and
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00764-00288559-00288784 basically ask you what happens if you
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00765-00288785-00288965 move it the pulse earlier on the time
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00766-00288966-00289277 axis but the second question is its
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00767-00289278-00289520 asking about at the time axis was smooth
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00768-00289521-00289891 and it gives this one four six or one
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00769-00289892-00290230 right and I'm just kind of trying to
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00770-00290231-00290624 parse what that's asking so so so so
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00771-00290625-00291029 again let's let's go through this in in
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00772-00291030-00291142 [Music]
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00773-00291143-00291515 FFT wet just thinking about one one axis
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00774-00291516-00291730 at a time okay like I mean I get that
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00775-00291731-00291938 you can smooth it if you remove the high
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00776-00291939-00292316 frequency stuff I remember well but
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00777-00292317-00292477 we'll we'll we'll do that a little more
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00778-00292478-00293050 directly okay so so and I'll go up to a
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00779-00293051-00293624 higher number of ir s-- and a higher
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00780-00293625-00293993 number of samples and FFT level so you
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00781-00293994-00294137 know basically we have we have a spike
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00782-00294138-00294912 or a box right and
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00783-00294913-00295343 okay here we come any samples I mean
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00784-00295344-00295617 it's not like the computational notice -
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00785-00295618-00295863 great it's it's all this is the video
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00786-00295864-00296214 recording problem you know all right so
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00787-00296215-00296667 so if I if I have a pulse that's early
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00788-00296668-00297417 in in time right here's here's well
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00789-00297418-00297876 actually yeah what one one difficult
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00790-00297877-00298512 thing about this notice that right right
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00791-00298513-00298916 right um but but notice that the and
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00792-00298917-00299169 let's let's read the figure number on
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00793-00299170-00299700 that I think it was the brand figure
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00794-00299701-00300129 this yeah yeah yeah okay let me put that
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00795-00300130-00300204 on the screen
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00796-00300205-00300831 yeah so so which exercise you've given
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00797-00300832-00301026 directly into this okay so that's the
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00798-00301027-00301979 exercise 10 very high resolution well on
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00799-00301980-00302345 way too much there we go
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00800-00302346-00302886 notice that that the the in in frequency
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00801-00302887-00303093 spatial frequency horizontal time
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00802-00303094-00303576 frequency vertical it is it is zero
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00803-00303577-00304101 centered oh yeah okay in in space and
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00804-00304102-00304653 time it's not okay so the you know you
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00805-00304654-00304743 know we there's a little bit of
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00806-00304744-00304965 translation to do you know because
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00807-00304966-00305259 because all of our FFT lab is either
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00808-00305260-00305628 senator it's not okay so so here you
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00809-00305629-00305862 know this is up against the level the
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00810-00305863-00306351 top in time for instance okay or we
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00811-00306352-00306810 could take it as a space access so so if
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00812-00306811-00307239 I put a spike out here and then zero out
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00813-00307240-00307505 okay I got a much higher frequency wave
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00814-00307506-00307950 in the frequency I mean it's more
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00815-00307951-00308136 rapidly varying in in
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00816-00308137-00308448 make but that you know I just have to
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00817-00308449-00308586 say it's a half higher frequency wave
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00818-00308587-00308898 and in a way okay
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00819-00308899-00309240 so that's what's what's gonna happen mmm
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00820-00309241-00309876 and and you'll notice that it's on the
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00821-00309877-00310502 space axis it's it's very low frequency
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00822-00310503-00311061 okay so it's a it's a broad way and on
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00823-00311062-00311436 the and so it should be it should be a
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00824-00311437-00312090 broad wave okay on the space axis it
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00825-00312091-00312762 should be a broad way okay and in in
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00826-00312763-00313227 time it's a it's a little bit further it
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00827-00313228-00313590 should be not so broadly okay like that
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00828-00313591-00314001 and we're looking at the real part yeah
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00829-00314002-00314373 so it's not so Broadway and and if you
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00830-00314374-00314903 if you look at the figure okay in in
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00831-00314904-00315426 space it's a broad wave and in time
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00832-00315427-00315837 vertically it's it's a tighter wave and
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00833-00315838-00316185 that makes it that and you and it does
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00834-00316186-00316656 that by making a tilt yeah okay so if it
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00835-00316657-00317094 was if it if actually it was up against
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00836-00317095-00317352 you know you can speculate you know what
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00837-00317353-00317664 if it was up against zero in space well
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00838-00317665-00317984 then then it would be it would be flat
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00839-00317985-00318204 which means that the tilt would be
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00840-00318205-00318444 falling the wave would be flatted space
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00841-00318445-00318642 in the spatial direction we didn't
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00842-00318643-00318909 change the time direction so we had the
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00843-00318910-00319143 same they have the same frequency wait
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00844-00319144-00319332 so if it was just bars like perfectly
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00845-00319333-00319725 flat yeah and it was just a sign or what
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00846-00319726-00319911 do you mean a sign just a sine wave we
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00847-00319912-00320346 fought it out and well well so so this
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00848-00320347-00320553 is the combination where it's a lower
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00849-00320554-00320946 frequency sine wave in the horizontal
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00850-00320947-00321150 direction and a higher frequency sine
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00851-00321151-00321370 wave in the vertical direction
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00852-00321371-00321601 okay so that would be you know that's
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00853-00321602-00322009 these tilted bars and it's if we made it
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00854-00322010-00322381 if we took if we took it to zero time in
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00855-00322382-00322845 space it would be absolutely flat in
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00856-00322846-00323116 space I mean if we took the zero
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00857-00323117-00323380 coordinated space it would be there
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00858-00323381-00323542 would be no variation space which means
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00859-00323543-00323875 the bars would be horizontal the bars in
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00860-00323876-00324025 the vertical Russian have to be the same
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00861-00324026-00324310 yeah the same frequency it's the only
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00862-00324311-00324874 way I can say it the same wavelength so
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00863-00324875-00325177 they'd be flat bars you know if we if we
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00864-00325178-00325576 if we went to in the spatial direction
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00865-00325577-00326104 if we went to a a larger spatial
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00866-00326105-00326812 coordinate then then these these these
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00867-00326813-00327118 bars would get more and more tilted and
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00868-00327119-00327480 and eventually they would get vertical
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00869-00327481-00327793 yeah no I think I think I get that I'll
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00870-00327794-00327952 find what I what I wasn't actually clear
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00871-00327953-00328210 on those what it means by smooth yeah a
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00872-00328211-00328549 one so let's let's one okay so that's a
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00873-00328550-00329467 that's a second thing right and so
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00874-00329468-00330064 okay now now let's when I had a spike
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00875-00330065-00330572 okay hmm I had a perfect side way okay
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00876-00330573-00330857 and here this one is close to zero times
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00877-00330858-00331091 so it's a pretty it's a fairly broad
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00878-00331092-00331727 side not real bra but fairly and I I
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00879-00331728-00332066 turned that into a delta function let me
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00880-00332067-00332312 get a four link Delta function now it's
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00881-00332313-00332557 clear in the real part that I have a
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00882-00332558-00333080 sinc function okay and not quite didn't
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00883-00333081-00333640 draw my box car that way so now now I'll
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00884-00333641-00334942 I'll smooth it okay and what's happened
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00885-00334943-00335410 compare okay so we have the sharp boxcar
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00886-00335411-00335738 and and it's a sinc function but notice
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00887-00335739-00336164 the the sink the the energy doesn't die
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00888-00336165-00337128 off very fast and we smooth that
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00889-00337129-00337633 yeah okay and it dies off faster so it
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00890-00337634-00337804 that hasn't that hasn't really affected
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00891-00337805-00338110 the the wavelength in here in the
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00892-00338111-00338221 frequency domain
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00893-00338222-00338557 but it's affected where we can see it so
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00894-00338558-00338764 when it says smooth with like a one four
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00895-00338765-00338959 six or one that's is basically referring
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00896-00338960-00339133 to what the amplitudes are let's eat
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00897-00339134-00339541 bowls so why let's let's put in you pick
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00898-00339542-00339739 something where yours is like smooth by
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00899-00339740-00340230 I don't know four eight eight four one
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00900-00340231-00341014 four six four one we could just put that
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00901-00341015-00341230 in directly yeah so that bet that
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00902-00341231-00341404 terminology this is basically telling
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00903-00341405-00341680 you like what this moving back well he's
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00904-00341681-00341914 giving you he's giving you the way okay
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00905-00341915-00342286 he's giving you the I mean it's a
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00906-00342287-00343128 smoothing Waveland but that mean that's
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00907-00343129-00343438 so you can see at the at the edges this
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00908-00343439-00343660 is origin centered right at the edge of
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00909-00343661-00344014 this near zero so okay going back here
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00910-00344015-00344305 what we're seeing is is the same thing
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00911-00344306-00344914 in in in space right it's smooth in
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00912-00344915-00345346 space right now yeah and the I didn't
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00913-00345347-00345529 even notice that this is smooth okay
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00914-00345530-00345736 yeah yeah you get to look at the yeah
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00915-00345737-00346231 okay the full image the and notice that
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00916-00346232-00346477 it's you know the smoothing doesn't
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00917-00346478-00346948 change the the main strike this changes
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00918-00346949-00347215 so it's just gonna just yeah yeah I just
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00919-00347216-00347344 kind of see the how its kind of this
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00920-00347345-00347614 oval yeah now I get it because it's
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00921-00347615-00347881 smoother it smooth more in in space
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00922-00347882-00348292 horizontally than it is in time okay
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00923-00348293-00348523 okay that that actually makes a lot of
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00924-00348524-00349365 sense so
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00925-00349366-00349693 you know if we smooth this less right
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00926-00349694-00349999 just like getting rid of the ones right
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00927-00350000-00350134 then it starts getting higher amplitude
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00928-00350135-00350344 near the edges yeah I need F noise your
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00929-00350345-00350506 higher frequencies right edge of your
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00930-00350507-00350695 right okay
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00931-00350696-00350911 in effect you know if we go all the way
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00932-00350912-00351133 back to the spike right it's just yes I
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00933-00351134-00351328 as a metrical every Stargirl so if you
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00934-00351329-00351478 so if you were to plot if you were to
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00935-00351479-00351724 plot in space just like a cosine it just
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00936-00351725-00352060 look like lines essentially like right
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00937-00352061-00352468 like that right right okay if there was
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00938-00352469-00352696 no smoothing at all yeah and here
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00939-00352697-00353002 there's like minimal smoothing right and
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00940-00353003-00353167 it's still pretty strong at the edges
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00941-00353168-00353383 this is more like the vertical direction
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00942-00353384-00353773 at find direction okay okay that's good
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00943-00353774-00353998 um you know what I just looked at the
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00944-00353999-00354448 time I think I better run right okay so
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00945-00354449-00354652 we're gonna but I will stop the
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00946-00354653-00355384 recording didn't say press escape when
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00947-00355385-00356229 you started
IN2Sy_LtB_M-00948-00356230-00356721 oh there we go cuz I'd still go anything
INm4iX4cxPU-00000-00000656-00000860 securitisation is the process of
INm4iX4cxPU-00001-00000861-00001058 converting an asset or group of assets
INm4iX4cxPU-00002-00001059-00001378 into a marketable security oftentimes
INm4iX4cxPU-00003-00001379-00001664 the securitized assets are divided into
INm4iX4cxPU-00004-00001664-00001922 different layers or tranches tailored to
INm4iX4cxPU-00005-00001923-00002092 the investment risk tolerance of
INm4iX4cxPU-00006-00002093-00002363 different types of investors the process
INm4iX4cxPU-00007-00002364-00002626 of securitization creates liquidity in
INm4iX4cxPU-00008-00002627-00002818 the marketplace for the assets being
INm4iX4cxPU-00009-00002819-00003109 securitized any type of asset can be
INm4iX4cxPU-00010-00003110-00003388 securitized but usually it's an asset
INm4iX4cxPU-00011-00003389-00003668 with periodic cash flow the most common
INm4iX4cxPU-00012-00003669-00003911 form of securitization is what rom
INm4iX4cxPU-00013-00003911-00004190 equity mortgages in the example of home
INm4iX4cxPU-00014-00004191-00004436 equity mortgages a financial institution
INm4iX4cxPU-00015-00004437-00004688 creates the mortgage which is backed by
INm4iX4cxPU-00016-00004689-00004922 claims against the underlying property
INm4iX4cxPU-00017-00004923-00005120 the originator then groups multiple
INm4iX4cxPU-00018-00005121-00005395 mortgages into mortgage pools that are
INm4iX4cxPU-00019-00005396-00005656 held in trust as collateral the newly
INm4iX4cxPU-00020-00005657-00005924 created mortgage-backed security is then
INm4iX4cxPU-00021-00005925-00006116 sold in a secondary market to
INm4iX4cxPU-00022-00006117-00006329 participants sometimes the
INm4iX4cxPU-00023-00006330-00006529 mortgage-backed security is broken up
INm4iX4cxPU-00024-00006530-00006719 into separate pieces and those
INm4iX4cxPU-00025-00006720-00006926 individual pieces which have different
INm4iX4cxPU-00026-00006927-00007175 levels of risk are sold separately for
INm4iX4cxPU-00027-00007176-00007409 instance the low-risk part of the pool
INm4iX4cxPU-00028-00007409-00007609 may be purchased by pension funds
INm4iX4cxPU-00029-00007611-00007870 seeking a secure steady return the
INm4iX4cxPU-00030-00007872-00008069 higher risk part of the pool might be
INm4iX4cxPU-00031-00008070-00008303 purchased by hedge funds willing to take
INm4iX4cxPU-00032-00008304-00008594 on risk on mortgages that may or may not
INm4iX4cxPU-00033-00008595-00008846 be paid off as homeowners make their
INm4iX4cxPU-00034-00008847-00009053 monthly mortgage payments the money is
INm4iX4cxPU-00035-00009054-00009221 funneled through the institution that
INm4iX4cxPU-00036-00009222-00009434 holds the mortgages in trust this
INm4iX4cxPU-00037-00009435-00009641 institution then distributes the money
INm4iX4cxPU-00038-00009642-00009863 to the various parties who purchase the
INm4iX4cxPU-00039-00009864-00010028 mortgage-backed securities in the
INm4iX4cxPU-00040-00010029-00010269 secondary market
INm4iX4cxPU-00041-00010270-00010475 you
IQslK26SSBc-00000-00000000-00000221 heyhow gable with bible talk TV tech
IQslK26SSBc-00001-00000222-00000326 today I'd like to show you how we've
IQslK26SSBc-00002-00000327-00000553 incorporated singing into our online
IQslK26SSBc-00003-00000554-00000821 service since we have nobody here in the
IQslK26SSBc-00004-00000822-00000974 building we needed to find a way to
IQslK26SSBc-00005-00000975-00001225 provide the singing along with our live
IQslK26SSBc-00006-00001226-00001495 stream that we've been doing for years
IQslK26SSBc-00007-00001496-00001739 and so we start with a service called
IQslK26SSBc-00008-00001739-00001909 praise and harmony TV it's by the
IQslK26SSBc-00009-00001910-00002204 acapella company and they have in their
IQslK26SSBc-00010-00002205-00002492 collection of videos you can go through
IQslK26SSBc-00011-00002493-00002732 and find videos that have the singing
IQslK26SSBc-00012-00002733-00002935 like a congregational singing and the
IQslK26SSBc-00013-00002936-00003197 lyrics on the screen the best way that I
IQslK26SSBc-00014-00003198-00003392 found is that to use their search
IQslK26SSBc-00015-00003393-00003647 feature and look for the song that you
IQslK26SSBc-00016-00003647-00003865 need they have a lot of different video
IQslK26SSBc-00017-00003867-00004052 types and so the ones that you're kind
IQslK26SSBc-00018-00004053-00004217 of looking for our congregational videos
IQslK26SSBc-00019-00004218-00004463 and those videos will have the like I
IQslK26SSBc-00020-00004464-00004670 said the lyrics as well as a group of
IQslK26SSBc-00021-00004671-00004844 people singing hymn one thing to be
IQslK26SSBc-00022-00004845-00004963 careful of is they have multiple
IQslK26SSBc-00023-00004964-00005174 versions of the same song one that will
IQslK26SSBc-00024-00005175-00005375 have the congregational singing and one
IQslK26SSBc-00025-00005376-00005536 that will have just like the tenor part
IQslK26SSBc-00026-00005537-00005756 or the soprano part and so you got to
IQslK26SSBc-00027-00005757-00006061 make sure in there which one is the
IQslK26SSBc-00028-00006062-00006172 correct one that you're going to need
IQslK26SSBc-00029-00006173-00006338 we've been using the congregational one
IQslK26SSBc-00030-00006339-00006452 and it's been going well and getting a
IQslK26SSBc-00031-00006453-00006755 lot of good reviews so we livestream
IQslK26SSBc-00032-00006756-00006964 using a software called V mix you could
IQslK26SSBc-00033-00006965-00007192 use a similar situation similar setup
IQslK26SSBc-00034-00007193-00007564 for OBS or other broadcasting software
IQslK26SSBc-00035-00007565-00007774 the main idea is that we're playing the
IQslK26SSBc-00036-00007775-00007999 video over here and we're using a
IQslK26SSBc-00037-00008000-00008276 technology called nd I choose to send
IQslK26SSBc-00038-00008277-00008489 that over to the live streaming platform
IQslK26SSBc-00039-00008490-00008710 this is not something I've created it's
IQslK26SSBc-00040-00008711-00008951 something that V mix has created and all
IQslK26SSBc-00041-00008952-00009128 the other platforms have it it's a very
IQslK26SSBc-00042-00009129-00009326 common thing now to be able to send
IQslK26SSBc-00043-00009327-00009649 video through wirelessly so I'd like to
IQslK26SSBc-00044-00009650-00009812 jump in onto the computers and show you
IQslK26SSBc-00045-00009813-00010078 the different technology that we use to
IQslK26SSBc-00046-00010079-00010324 do that okay so I'm on our PowerPoint
IQslK26SSBc-00047-00010325-00010502 computer I'm looking at praise and
IQslK26SSBc-00048-00010503-00010867 harmony TV I've been logged in so that
IQslK26SSBc-00049-00010868-00011056 it sends me straight to the catalog and
IQslK26SSBc-00050-00011057-00011288 the way we've been doing is our song
IQslK26SSBc-00051-00011289-00011464 that you're Titus has been going in and
IQslK26SSBc-00052-00011465-00011705 he's been picking a song and you little
IQslK26SSBc-00053-00011706-00011912 look it up and they have quite a bit so
IQslK26SSBc-00054-00011913-00012217 it it's a good selection good catalog of
IQslK26SSBc-00055-00012218-00012503 potential songs and as you can see
IQslK26SSBc-00056-00012504-00012760 you've got the soprano only version bass
IQslK26SSBc-00057-00012761-00012941 this is for all their training stuff and
IQslK26SSBc-00058-00012941-00013079 then look down below you've got two
IQslK26SSBc-00059-00013080-00013372 different options TD SG
IQslK26SSBc-00060-00013374-00013625 and just SG I'm not entirely sure what
IQslK26SSBc-00061-00013626-00013856 those the difference is between that you
IQslK26SSBc-00062-00013857-00014018 can find the one that works better for
IQslK26SSBc-00063-00014019-00014219 you and then what I've done is I would
IQslK26SSBc-00064-00014219-00014453 open it up and we leave it open here and
IQslK26SSBc-00065-00014454-00014713 it's right in the middle of this window
IQslK26SSBc-00066-00014715-00014858 this is going to be important when we go
IQslK26SSBc-00067-00014859-00015137 over to the other computer so then we
IQslK26SSBc-00068-00015138-00015329 can open up a right-click on here open
IQslK26SSBc-00069-00015330-00015578 up in a new tab and he can find the next
IQslK26SSBc-00070-00015579-00015778 song which whatever that would be
IQslK26SSBc-00071-00015779-00016046 beautiful Star of Bethlehem great and so
IQslK26SSBc-00072-00016047-00016235 you see this one in this tab is also
IQslK26SSBc-00073-00016236-00016487 open in the exact same part of the frame
IQslK26SSBc-00074-00016488-00016790 we're going to capture this part of the
IQslK26SSBc-00075-00016791-00016970 of this screen and that's what we're
IQslK26SSBc-00076-00016971-00017144 going to bring into our live stream so
IQslK26SSBc-00077-00017145-00017324 it's important that they all are just
IQslK26SSBc-00078-00017325-00017522 kind of in different tabs as you go
IQslK26SSBc-00079-00017523-00017753 along and this is synced up with V mix
IQslK26SSBc-00080-00017754-00018026 this is V mix calm and if you use this
IQslK26SSBc-00081-00018027-00018311 software they have a nd I over here on
IQslK26SSBc-00082-00018312-00018560 the left side an IP production with V
IQslK26SSBc-00083-00018561-00018847 mix if you click that this gives you a
IQslK26SSBc-00084-00018848-00019118 desktop capture software for Windows or
IQslK26SSBc-00085-00019119-00019334 Mac and then you can install this like
IQslK26SSBc-00086-00019335-00019484 we have this installed right down here
IQslK26SSBc-00087-00019485-00019955 we click this little tool down here open
IQslK26SSBc-00088-00019956-00020195 and it will automatically connect to our
IQslK26SSBc-00089-00020196-00020426 other computer across the sound booth
IQslK26SSBc-00090-00020427-00020738 and it is really very interesting what
IQslK26SSBc-00091-00020739-00020900 you can do on the other so I'm going to
IQslK26SSBc-00092-00020901-00021071 jump in on to the other computer and
IQslK26SSBc-00093-00021072-00021266 we're going to see how we're going to
IQslK26SSBc-00094-00021267-00021488 bring it in how we crop in and get that
IQslK26SSBc-00095-00021489-00021683 going so here I'm on the streaming
IQslK26SSBc-00096-00021684-00021893 computer I want to add my nd I capture
IQslK26SSBc-00097-00021894-00022082 from my other computer I've got all my
IQslK26SSBc-00098-00022083-00022262 other inputs going and we need to get
IQslK26SSBc-00099-00022263-00022433 that in there so let's go over to add
IQslK26SSBc-00100-00022434-00022496 input
IQslK26SSBc-00101-00022497-00022784 let's hit more and then we're gonna hit
IQslK26SSBc-00102-00022785-00023078 the nd I capture right here and as you
IQslK26SSBc-00103-00023079-00023234 can see it's got my current computer and
IQslK26SSBc-00104-00023235-00023435 the powerpoints computer that's using
IQslK26SSBc-00105-00023436-00023681 the NDI technology to send it screen
IQslK26SSBc-00106-00023682-00023885 let's click on that first one display
IQslK26SSBc-00107-00023886-00024116 one and bring that in so now that we've
IQslK26SSBc-00108-00024117-00024362 got that input in we're going to hit the
IQslK26SSBc-00109-00024363-00024638 configure here the little gear icon and
IQslK26SSBc-00110-00024639-00024932 I believe if I remember correctly we
IQslK26SSBc-00111-00024933-00025163 thankfully on this one you can zoom you
IQslK26SSBc-00112-00025164-00025343 know you can zoom the thing in and out
IQslK26SSBc-00113-00025344-00025568 to your right side and you also need to
IQslK26SSBc-00114-00025569-00025874 move it around to fit I'm doing a 720
IQslK26SSBc-00115-00025875-00026075 live stream so I've got the ability to
IQslK26SSBc-00116-00026076-00026270 zoom in a little bit and keeps most of
IQslK26SSBc-00117-00026270-00026573 the quality so I hit - I found god is
IQslK26SSBc-00118-00026574-00026742 really close and then
IQslK26SSBc-00119-00026743-00027083 the X I believe was a 0.04 no that's
IQslK26SSBc-00120-00027085-00027423 wrong too to look great and maybe a 4 on
IQslK26SSBc-00121-00027424-00027912 the X know I was 0 for boom there so
IQslK26SSBc-00122-00027913-00028143 that was what I had thankfully the video
IQslK26SSBc-00123-00028144-00028415 is centered as best it can on the other
IQslK26SSBc-00124-00028416-00028707 computer and we can go ahead and well
IQslK26SSBc-00125-00028708-00028962 let's give it a name nice name live
IQslK26SSBc-00126-00028963-00029343 songs just for fun and then we'll click
IQslK26SSBc-00127-00029344-00029520 out the X and you can see that we've got
IQslK26SSBc-00128-00029520-00029754 that new input ready to roll right there
IQslK26SSBc-00129-00029755-00030024 let's go ahead and just drag it over
IQslK26SSBc-00130-00030025-00030393 here ok so now that you've got your live
IQslK26SSBc-00131-00030394-00030660 songs in here and you've got your camera
IQslK26SSBc-00132-00030661-00030815 so that we've been doing a song leader
IQslK26SSBc-00133-00030816-00030974 who's been announcing this song just to
IQslK26SSBc-00134-00030975-00031287 keep it more familiar with how how it's
IQslK26SSBc-00135-00031288-00031479 been going he'll announce the song and
IQslK26SSBc-00136-00031480-00031749 then I'll hit spacebar I'll hit play
IQslK26SSBc-00137-00031750-00031914 sorry I'll hit play on my current
IQslK26SSBc-00138-00031914-00032085 computer over there on the video and
IQslK26SSBc-00139-00032086-00032457 then I hit spacebar on my live mix on
IQslK26SSBc-00140-00032458-00032627 the streaming computer to send it over
IQslK26SSBc-00141-00032628-00032787 to the other side so here we go I'm
IQslK26SSBc-00142-00032788-00033437 gonna hit play hit spacebar and the
IQslK26SSBc-00143-00033438-00033602 songs are going you can see the audio
IQslK26SSBc-00144-00033603-00033795 levels going in the middle there showing
IQslK26SSBc-00145-00033796-00033975 that the audio is coming out of the
IQslK26SSBc-00146-00033976-00034187 headphone jack of the other computer and
IQslK26SSBc-00147-00034188-00034407 then that's coming into our main mixer
IQslK26SSBc-00148-00034408-00034614 and then we're sending that along to the
IQslK26SSBc-00149-00034615-00035177 streaming computer and so when the song
IQslK26SSBc-00150-00035178-00035376 is over we'll simply just hit spacebar
IQslK26SSBc-00151-00035377-00035558 again which will come back to the song
IQslK26SSBc-00152-00035559-00035733 leader who would be standing there at
IQslK26SSBc-00153-00035734-00035958 the podium so that's how we're doing it
IQslK26SSBc-00154-00035959-00036087 right now because nobody's in the
IQslK26SSBc-00155-00036088-00036255 building normally we have crowd winks
IQslK26SSBc-00156-00036256-00036468 that we've set up three of them around
IQslK26SSBc-00157-00036469-00036642 there's one up in the middle here and
IQslK26SSBc-00158-00036643-00036870 two up at the front that we pull in the
IQslK26SSBc-00159-00036871-00037206 sound into into the vmix software and
IQslK26SSBc-00160-00037207-00037508 then we mix that with the the regular
IQslK26SSBc-00161-00037509-00037692 song slides that we show up on the
IQslK26SSBc-00162-00037693-00037881 screen the white and black normal stuff
IQslK26SSBc-00163-00037882-00038085 that you see from like paperless hymnal
IQslK26SSBc-00164-00038086-00038292 and we mix those two together to create
IQslK26SSBc-00165-00038293-00038537 our own congregation singing so the
IQslK26SSBc-00166-00038538-00038679 difference is we're just using a group
IQslK26SSBc-00167-00038680-00038904 looks similar different colors different
IQslK26SSBc-00168-00038905-00039189 theme layouts that the the praising
IQslK26SSBc-00169-00039190-00039399 harmony people have put together but a
IQslK26SSBc-00170-00039400-00039585 good effect and I think it's very
IQslK26SSBc-00171-00039586-00039711 helpful I hope to make more of these
IQslK26SSBc-00172-00039712-00039882 videos to give us some more tips that
IQslK26SSBc-00173-00039883-00040086 we've been using to get
IQslK26SSBc-00174-00040087-00040245 our stream going and I hope it's been
IQslK26SSBc-00175-00040246-00041180 helpful for you thanks for tuning in
IQslK26SSBc-00176-00041181-00041387 you
IQb6prvSKDM-00000-00000057-00000368 history of anthropology in this article
IQb6prvSKDM-00001-00000369-00000668 refers primarily to the 18th and 19th
IQb6prvSKDM-00002-00000669-00000909 century precursors of modern
IQb6prvSKDM-00003-00000910-00001275 anthropology the term anthropology
IQb6prvSKDM-00004-00001276-00001529 itself innovated as a new Latin
IQb6prvSKDM-00005-00001530-00001797 scientific word during the Renaissance
IQb6prvSKDM-00006-00001798-00002229 has always meant the study or science of
IQb6prvSKDM-00007-00002230-00002622 man the topics to be included and the
IQb6prvSKDM-00008-00002623-00002937 terminology have varied historically at
IQb6prvSKDM-00009-00002938-00003167 present they are more elaborate than
IQb6prvSKDM-00010-00003168-00003361 they were during the development of
IQb6prvSKDM-00011-00003362-00003708 anthropology for a presentation of
IQb6prvSKDM-00012-00003709-00003945 modern social and cultural anthropology
IQb6prvSKDM-00013-00003946-00004245 as they have developed in Britain France
IQb6prvSKDM-00014-00004246-00004561 and North America since approximately
IQb6prvSKDM-00015-00004562-00004886 1900 see the relevant sections under
IQb6prvSKDM-00016-00004887-00005536 anthropology
IQb6prvSKDM-00017-00005537-00006140 topic etymology
IQb6prvSKDM-00018-00006141-00006448 the term anthropology ostensibly is a
IQb6prvSKDM-00019-00006450-00006701 produced compound of Greek anthropos
IQb6prvSKDM-00020-00006702-00007213 anthropos human being understood to mean
IQb6prvSKDM-00021-00007214-00007736 humankind or humanity and a supposed
IQb6prvSKDM-00022-00007737-00008219 loggia loggia study the compound however
IQb6prvSKDM-00023-00008220-00008465 is unknown in ancient Greek or Latin
IQb6prvSKDM-00024-00008466-00008876 whether classical or medieval it first
IQb6prvSKDM-00025-00008877-00009107 appears sporadically in the scholarly
IQb6prvSKDM-00026-00009108-00009407 Latin anthropology of Renaissance France
IQb6prvSKDM-00027-00009408-00009643 where it spawns the French word
IQb6prvSKDM-00028-00009644-00009956 anthropology transferred into English as
IQb6prvSKDM-00029-00009957-00010313 anthropology it does belong to a class
IQb6prvSKDM-00030-00010314-00010595 of words produced with the Logie suffix
IQb6prvSKDM-00031-00010596-00011078 such as archaeology bio Logie etc the
IQb6prvSKDM-00032-00011079-00011451 study or science of
IQb6prvSKDM-00033-00011452-00011730 the mixed character of Greek anthropos
IQb6prvSKDM-00034-00011731-00012053 and Latin loggia marks it as new Latin
IQb6prvSKDM-00035-00012054-00012426 there is no independent noun loggia
IQb6prvSKDM-00036-00012427-00012692 however of that meaning in classical
IQb6prvSKDM-00037-00012693-00013119 Greek the word logos logos has that
IQb6prvSKDM-00038-00013119-00013425 meaning James Hunt attempted to rescue
IQb6prvSKDM-00039-00013426-00013713 the a Tamala G in his first address to
IQb6prvSKDM-00040-00013713-00014000 the anthropological Society of London as
IQb6prvSKDM-00041-00014001-00014513 president and founder 1863 he did find
IQb6prvSKDM-00042-00014515-00014790 an anthropologist from Aristotle in the
IQb6prvSKDM-00043-00014791-00015087 standard ancient Greek lexicon which he
IQb6prvSKDM-00044-00015088-00015411 says defines the word as speaking or
IQb6prvSKDM-00045-00015412-00015797 treating of man this view is entirely
IQb6prvSKDM-00046-00015798-00016122 wishful thinking as little and Scott go
IQb6prvSKDM-00047-00016122-00016755 on to explain the meaning - done if
IQb6prvSKDM-00048-00016756-00017058 Aristotle the very philosopher of the
IQb6prvSKDM-00049-00017059-00017316 logos could produce such a word without
IQb6prvSKDM-00050-00017317-00017616 serious intent there probably was at
IQb6prvSKDM-00051-00017617-00017909 that time no anthropology identifiable
IQb6prvSKDM-00052-00017910-00018296 under that name the lack of any ancient
IQb6prvSKDM-00053-00018297-00018618 denotation of anthropology however is
IQb6prvSKDM-00054-00018619-00018987 not an etymological problem little and
IQb6prvSKDM-00055-00018988-00019413 Scott list 170 Greek compounds ending in
IQb6prvSKDM-00056-00019414-00019728 la gia enough to justify its later use
IQb6prvSKDM-00057-00019729-00020094 as a productive suffix the ancient
IQb6prvSKDM-00058-00020095-00020388 Greeks often used suffixes in forming
IQb6prvSKDM-00059-00020389-00020628 compounds that had no independent
IQb6prvSKDM-00060-00020629-00021009 variants the etymological dictionaries
IQb6prvSKDM-00061-00021010-00021269 are united in attributing loggia to
IQb6prvSKDM-00062-00021270-00021714 logos from legging to collect the thing
IQb6prvSKDM-00063-00021715-00022059 collected is primarily ideas especially
IQb6prvSKDM-00064-00022060-00022355 in speech the American Heritage
IQb6prvSKDM-00065-00022356-00022742 Dictionary says it is one of derivatives
IQb6prvSKDM-00066-00022743-00023119 independently built to logos its
IQb6prvSKDM-00067-00023120-00023349 morphological type is that of an
IQb6prvSKDM-00068-00023350-00023634 abstract noun logos greater than log
IQb6prvSKDM-00069-00023635-00024036 Iowa qualitative abstract the
IQb6prvSKDM-00070-00024037-00024256 Renaissance origin of the name of
IQb6prvSKDM-00071-00024257-00024474 anthropology does not exclude the
IQb6prvSKDM-00072-00024475-00024711 possibility that ancient authors
IQb6prvSKDM-00073-00024712-00024844 presented answer
IQb6prvSKDM-00074-00024845-00025192 material under another name see below
IQb6prvSKDM-00075-00025193-00025537 such an identification is speculative
IQb6prvSKDM-00076-00025538-00025778 depending on the theorists view of
IQb6prvSKDM-00077-00025779-00026072 anthropology nevertheless speculations
IQb6prvSKDM-00078-00026073-00026362 have been formulated by credible
IQb6prvSKDM-00079-00026363-00026612 anthropologists especially those that
IQb6prvSKDM-00080-00026613-00026870 consider themselves functionalists and
IQb6prvSKDM-00081-00026872-00027681 others in history so classified now
IQb6prvSKDM-00082-00027682-00028352 topic the science of history
IQb6prvSKDM-00083-00028352-00028642 Marvin Harris a historian of
IQb6prvSKDM-00084-00028643-00028897 anthropology begins the rise of
IQb6prvSKDM-00085-00028898-00029077 anthropological theory with the
IQb6prvSKDM-00086-00029079-00029326 statement that anthropology is the
IQb6prvSKDM-00087-00029327-00029714 science of history he is not suggesting
IQb6prvSKDM-00088-00029714-00030044 that history be renamed to anthropology
IQb6prvSKDM-00089-00030045-00030254 or that there is no distinction between
IQb6prvSKDM-00090-00030255-00030520 history and prehistory or that
IQb6prvSKDM-00091-00030522-00030779 anthropology excludes current social
IQb6prvSKDM-00092-00030780-00031043 practices as the general meaning of
IQb6prvSKDM-00093-00031044-00031361 history which it has in history of
IQb6prvSKDM-00094-00031362-00031769 anthropology would seem to imply he is
IQb6prvSKDM-00095-00031770-00032239 using history in a special sense as the
IQb6prvSKDM-00096-00032241-00032504 founders of cultural anthropology used
IQb6prvSKDM-00097-00032505-00032987 it the natural history of society in the
IQb6prvSKDM-00098-00032988-00033274 words of Herbert Spencer or the
IQb6prvSKDM-00099-00033275-00033701 universal history of mankind the 18th
IQb6prvSKDM-00100-00033702-00033989 century Age of Enlightenment objective
IQb6prvSKDM-00101-00033990-00034345 just as Natural History comprises the
IQb6prvSKDM-00102-00034346-00034622 characteristics of organisms past and
IQb6prvSKDM-00103-00034623-00034931 present so cultural or social history
IQb6prvSKDM-00104-00034932-00035240 comprises the characteristics of society
IQb6prvSKDM-00105-00035241-00035611 past and present it includes both
IQb6prvSKDM-00106-00035612-00035921 documented history and prehistory but
IQb6prvSKDM-00107-00035922-00036167 it's slant is toward institutional
IQb6prvSKDM-00108-00036168-00036419 development rather than particular non
IQb6prvSKDM-00109-00036420-00036762 repeatable historical events
IQb6prvSKDM-00110-00036763-00036963 according to Harris the
IQb6prvSKDM-00111-00036964-00037236 nineteenth-century anthropologists were
IQb6prvSKDM-00112-00037237-00037434 theorizing under the presumption that
IQb6prvSKDM-00113-00037435-00037737 the development of society followed some
IQb6prvSKDM-00114-00037738-00038118 sort of laws he decrees the loss of that
IQb6prvSKDM-00115-00038119-00038400 view in the 20th century by the denial
IQb6prvSKDM-00116-00038401-00038643 that any laws are discernible or that
IQb6prvSKDM-00117-00038644-00038919 current institutions have any bearing on
IQb6prvSKDM-00118-00038920-00039315 ancient he coins the term ADEA graphic
IQb6prvSKDM-00119-00039316-00039681 for them the 19th century views on the
IQb6prvSKDM-00120-00039682-00039975 other hand an AMA thetic that is they
IQb6prvSKDM-00121-00039976-00040485 provide laws he intends to reassert the
IQb6prvSKDM-00122-00040486-00040758 methodological priority of the search
IQb6prvSKDM-00123-00040759-00041022 for the laws of history in the science
IQb6prvSKDM-00124-00041023-00041478 of man he is looking for a general
IQb6prvSKDM-00125-00041479-00041904 theory of history his perception of the
IQb6prvSKDM-00126-00041905-00042207 laws I believe that the analog of the
IQb6prvSKDM-00127-00042208-00042468 Darwinian strategy in the realm of
IQb6prvSKDM-00128-00042469-00042717 socio-cultural phenomena is the
IQb6prvSKDM-00129-00042718-00043035 principle of techno environmental and
IQb6prvSKDM-00130-00043036-00043479 techno economic determinism he calls
IQb6prvSKDM-00131-00043480-00043794 cultural materialism which he also
IQb6prvSKDM-00132-00043795-00044097 details in cultural materialism the
IQb6prvSKDM-00133-00044098-00044423 struggle for a science of culture
IQb6prvSKDM-00134-00044424-00044824 elsewhere he refers to my theories of
IQb6prvSKDM-00135-00044825-00045205 historical determinism defining the
IQb6prvSKDM-00136-00045206-00045557 latter by a deterministic relationship
IQb6prvSKDM-00137-00045558-00045773 among cultural phenomena
IQb6prvSKDM-00138-00045774-00046018 I mean merely that similar variables
IQb6prvSKDM-00139-00046019-00046315 under similar conditions tend to give
IQb6prvSKDM-00140-00046316-00046799 rise to similar consequences the use of
IQb6prvSKDM-00141-00046800-00047212 tend to implies some degree of freedom
IQb6prvSKDM-00142-00047213-00047489 to happen or not happen but in strict
IQb6prvSKDM-00143-00047490-00047801 determinism given certain causes the
IQb6prvSKDM-00144-00047802-00048124 result and only that result must occur
IQb6prvSKDM-00145-00048125-00048437 different philosophers however use
IQb6prvSKDM-00146-00048438-00048761 determinism in different senses the
IQb6prvSKDM-00147-00048762-00049058 deterministic element that Harris seizes
IQb6prvSKDM-00148-00049059-00049382 lack of human social engineering free
IQb6prvSKDM-00149-00049383-00049633 will and moral choice have had virtually
IQb6prvSKDM-00150-00049634-00049955 no significant effect upon the direction
IQb6prvSKDM-00151-00049956-00050348 taken thus far by evolving systems of
IQb6prvSKDM-00152-00050349-00050818 social life Harris agrees with the 19th
IQb6prvSKDM-00153-00050819-00051074 century view that laws are abstractions
IQb6prvSKDM-00154-00051075-00051535 from empirical evidence
IQb6prvSKDM-00155-00051536-00051829 socio-cultural entities are constructed
IQb6prvSKDM-00156-00051830-00052154 from the direct or indirect observation
IQb6prvSKDM-00157-00052154-00052429 of the behavior and thought of specific
IQb6prvSKDM-00158-00052430-00052815 individuals
IQb6prvSKDM-00159-00052816-00053070 institutions are not a physical reality
IQb6prvSKDM-00160-00053071-00053485 only people are when they act in society
IQb6prvSKDM-00161-00053486-00053704 they do so according to the laws of
IQb6prvSKDM-00162-00053704-00053950 history of which they are not aware
IQb6prvSKDM-00163-00053951-00054262 hence there is no historical element of
IQb6prvSKDM-00164-00054263-00054615 free will like the 20th century
IQb6prvSKDM-00165-00054616-00054913 anthropologists in general Harris places
IQb6prvSKDM-00166-00054914-00055150 a high value on the empiricism or
IQb6prvSKDM-00167-00055151-00055540 collection of data this function must be
IQb6prvSKDM-00168-00055541-00055941 performed by trained observers he
IQb6prvSKDM-00169-00055942-00056257 borrows terms from linguistics just as a
IQb6prvSKDM-00170-00056258-00056509 phonetic system is a description of
IQb6prvSKDM-00171-00056510-00056749 sounds developed without regard to the
IQb6prvSKDM-00172-00056750-00056959 meaning and structure of the language
IQb6prvSKDM-00173-00056960-00057244 while a phonemic system describes the
IQb6prvSKDM-00174-00057245-00057496 meaningful sounds actually used within
IQb6prvSKDM-00175-00057497-00057814 the language so anthropological data can
IQb6prvSKDM-00176-00057815-00058201 be emic and etic only trained observers
IQb6prvSKDM-00177-00058202-00058462 can avoid ettus ism or description
IQb6prvSKDM-00178-00058463-00058669 without regard to the meaning in the
IQb6prvSKDM-00179-00058670-00058884 culture
IQb6prvSKDM-00180-00058885-00059265 ethics are in part observers EMI CS
IQb6prvSKDM-00181-00059266-00059717 incorrectly applied to a foreign system
IQb6prvSKDM-00182-00059719-00060060 quote he makes a further distinction
IQb6prvSKDM-00183-00060061-00060424 between synchronic and diachronic
IQb6prvSKDM-00184-00060425-00060916 synchronic same time with reference to
IQb6prvSKDM-00185-00060917-00061238 anthropological data is contemporaneous
IQb6prvSKDM-00186-00061239-00061667 and cross-cultural diachronic through
IQb6prvSKDM-00187-00061668-00062051 time data shows the development of lines
IQb6prvSKDM-00188-00062052-00062504 through time cultural materialism being
IQb6prvSKDM-00189-00062505-00062841 a procedurally holistic and globally
IQb6prvSKDM-00190-00062841-00063165 comparative scientific research strategy
IQb6prvSKDM-00191-00063166-00063447 must depend for accuracy on all four
IQb6prvSKDM-00192-00063448-00063824 types of data cultural materialism
IQb6prvSKDM-00193-00063825-00064074 differs from the others by the insertion
IQb6prvSKDM-00194-00064075-00064397 of culture as the effect different
IQb6prvSKDM-00195-00064398-00064655 material factors produce different
IQb6prvSKDM-00196-00064656-00065066 cultures harris like many other
IQb6prvSKDM-00197-00065067-00065300 anthropologists in looking for
IQb6prvSKDM-00198-00065301-00065574 anthropological method and data before
IQb6prvSKDM-00199-00065575-00065835 the use of the term anthropology had
IQb6prvSKDM-00200-00065836-00066084 little difficulty finding them among the
IQb6prvSKDM-00201-00066085-00066465 ancient authors the ancients tended to
IQb6prvSKDM-00202-00066466-00066707 see players on the stage of history as
IQb6prvSKDM-00203-00066708-00066978 ethnic groups characterized by the same
IQb6prvSKDM-00204-00066979-00067266 or similar languages and customs the
IQb6prvSKDM-00205-00067267-00067625 Persians the Germans the Citians etc
IQb6prvSKDM-00206-00067626-00067850 thus the term history meant to a large
IQb6prvSKDM-00207-00067851-00068255 degree the story of the fortunes of
IQb6prvSKDM-00208-00068256-00068565 these players through time the ancient
IQb6prvSKDM-00209-00068566-00068957 authors never formulated laws apart from
IQb6prvSKDM-00210-00068958-00069237 a rudimentary three-age system the
IQb6prvSKDM-00211-00069238-00069516 stages of history such as a found in
IQb6prvSKDM-00212-00069517-00069893 Lubbock Tyler Morgan Marx and others are
IQb6prvSKDM-00213-00069894-00070588 yet unform you lated
IQb6prvSKDM-00214-00070589-00071287 Topic proto anthropology
IQb6prvSKDM-00215-00071288-00071630 Erikson and Nielsen used the term proto
IQb6prvSKDM-00216-00071631-00071855 anthropology to refer to near
IQb6prvSKDM-00217-00071856-00072132 anthropological writings which contains
IQb6prvSKDM-00218-00072133-00072330 some of the criteria for being
IQb6prvSKDM-00219-00072331-00072736 anthropology but not all they classify
IQb6prvSKDM-00220-00072737-00073078 proto anthropology as being travel
IQb6prvSKDM-00221-00073079-00073522 writing or social philosophy going on to
IQb6prvSKDM-00222-00073523-00074082 assert it is only when these aspects
IQb6prvSKDM-00223-00074083-00074421 a fuse that is when data and theory are
IQb6prvSKDM-00224-00074422-00074682 brought together that anthropology
IQb6prvSKDM-00225-00074683-00075119 appears this process began to occur in
IQb6prvSKDM-00226-00075120-00075332 the 18th century of the Age of
IQb6prvSKDM-00227-00075333-00075962 Enlightenment
IQb6prvSKDM-00228-00075963-00076566 topic classical age
IQb6prvSKDM-00229-00076567-00076898 many anthropological writers find
IQb6prvSKDM-00230-00076899-00077157 anthropological quality theorizing in
IQb6prvSKDM-00231-00077158-00077364 the works of classical Greece and
IQb6prvSKDM-00232-00077365-00077718 classical Rome for example John Myers in
IQb6prvSKDM-00233-00077719-00078147 Herodotus and anthropology 1908 EE Sykes
IQb6prvSKDM-00234-00078148-00078516 in the anthropology of the Greeks 1914
IQb6prvSKDM-00235-00078517-00078804 Clyde Clark on in anthropology in the
IQb6prvSKDM-00236-00078805-00079338 classics 1961 and many others an equally
IQb6prvSKDM-00237-00079339-00079599 long list may be found in French and
IQb6prvSKDM-00238-00079600-00080318 German as well as other languages
IQb6prvSKDM-00239-00080319-00080894 topic for auditors
IQb6prvSKDM-00240-00080895-00081243 herodotus was a fifth century BC Greek
IQb6prvSKDM-00241-00081244-00081519 historian who set about to chronicle and
IQb6prvSKDM-00242-00081520-00081771 explain the greco-persian Wars that
IQb6prvSKDM-00243-00081772-00082158 transpired early in that century he did
IQb6prvSKDM-00244-00082159-00082434 so in a surviving work conventionally
IQb6prvSKDM-00245-00082435-00082794 termed the history or the histories his
IQb6prvSKDM-00246-00082795-00083091 first line begins these are the
IQb6prvSKDM-00247-00083092-00083289 researchers of Herodotus of
IQb6prvSKDM-00248-00083290-00083687 Halicarnassus
IQb6prvSKDM-00249-00083688-00084060 the Akuma need Empire deciding to bring
IQb6prvSKDM-00250-00084061-00084336 Greece into its domain conducted a
IQb6prvSKDM-00251-00084337-00084565 massive invasion across the Bosphorus
IQb6prvSKDM-00252-00084566-00084867 using multicultural troops raised from
IQb6prvSKDM-00253-00084868-00085200 many different locations they were
IQb6prvSKDM-00254-00085201-00085431 decisively defeated by the Greek
IQb6prvSKDM-00255-00085432-00085788 city-states Herodotus was far from
IQb6prvSKDM-00256-00085789-00086025 interested in only the non-repeatable
IQb6prvSKDM-00257-00086026-00086400 events he provides ethnic details and
IQb6prvSKDM-00258-00086401-00086604 histories of the peoples within the
IQb6prvSKDM-00259-00086605-00086862 Empire and to the north of it in most
IQb6prvSKDM-00260-00086863-00087235 cases being the first to do so his
IQb6prvSKDM-00261-00087236-00087432 methods were reading accounts
IQb6prvSKDM-00262-00087433-00087717 interviewing witnesses and in some cases
IQb6prvSKDM-00263-00087718-00088051 taking notes for himself
IQb6prvSKDM-00264-00088052-00088515 these researchers have been considered
IQb6prvSKDM-00265-00088516-00088759 anthropological since at least as early
IQb6prvSKDM-00266-00088760-00089170 as the late 19th century the title
IQb6prvSKDM-00267-00089171-00089617 father of history Pater history-- I had
IQb6prvSKDM-00268-00089618-00089922 been conferred on him probably by Cicero
IQb6prvSKDM-00269-00089923-00090256 pointing out that John Meyers in 1908
IQb6prvSKDM-00270-00090257-00090511 had believed that Herodotus was an
IQb6prvSKDM-00271-00090512-00090763 anthropologist on a par with those of
IQb6prvSKDM-00272-00090764-00091122 his own day James M Redfield asserts
IQb6prvSKDM-00273-00091123-00091501 Herodotus as we know was both father of
IQb6prvSKDM-00274-00091502-00091890 history and father of anthropology
IQb6prvSKDM-00275-00091891-00092182 Herodotus calls his method of traveling
IQb6prvSKDM-00276-00092183-00092656 around taking notes theorizing redfield
IQb6prvSKDM-00277-00092657-00093052 translates it as tourism with a
IQb6prvSKDM-00278-00093053-00093430 scientific intent he identifies three
IQb6prvSKDM-00279-00093431-00093685 terms of Herodotus as overlapping on
IQb6prvSKDM-00280-00093686-00094057 culture diary tía material goods such as
IQb6prvSKDM-00281-00094058-00094396 houses and consumables ethier the mores
IQb6prvSKDM-00282-00094397-00094710 or customs and no Moy the authoritative
IQb6prvSKDM-00283-00094711-00095385 precedents or laws
IQb6prvSKDM-00284-00095386-00095936 topic Tacitus
IQb6prvSKDM-00285-00095937-00096308 the Roman historian Tacitus wrote many
IQb6prvSKDM-00286-00096309-00096548 of our only surviving contemporary
IQb6prvSKDM-00287-00096549-00096809 accounts of several ancient Celtic and
IQb6prvSKDM-00288-00096810-00097473 Germanic peoples
IQb6prvSKDM-00289-00097474-00098069 topic Middle Ages
IQb6prvSKDM-00290-00098070-00098330 another candidate for one of the first
IQb6prvSKDM-00291-00098331-00098579 scholars to carry out comparative
IQb6prvSKDM-00292-00098580-00098873 ethnographic type studies in person was
IQb6prvSKDM-00293-00098874-00099131 the medieval Persian scholar abu rayhan
IQb6prvSKDM-00294-00099132-00099434 biruni in the 11th century who wrote
IQb6prvSKDM-00295-00099435-00099752 about the people's customs and religions
IQb6prvSKDM-00296-00099753-00100015 of the Indian subcontinent
IQb6prvSKDM-00297-00100016-00100396 according to Akbar s Ahmed like modern
IQb6prvSKDM-00298-00100397-00100681 anthropologists he engaged in extensive
IQb6prvSKDM-00299-00100682-00100937 participant observation with a given
IQb6prvSKDM-00300-00100938-00101177 group of people learnt their language
IQb6prvSKDM-00301-00101178-00101423 and studied the primary texts and
IQb6prvSKDM-00302-00101424-00101693 presented his findings with objectivity
IQb6prvSKDM-00303-00101694-00101978 and neutrality using cross-cultural
IQb6prvSKDM-00304-00101979-00102433 comparisons others argue however that he
IQb6prvSKDM-00305-00102434-00102607 hardly can be considered an
IQb6prvSKDM-00306-00102608-00102922 anthropologist in the conventional sense
IQb6prvSKDM-00307-00102923-00103298 he wrote detailed comparative studies on
IQb6prvSKDM-00308-00103299-00103532 the religions and cultures in the Middle
IQb6prvSKDM-00309-00103533-00103847 East Mediterranean and especially South
IQb6prvSKDM-00310-00103848-00104257 Asia Barone's tradition of comparative
IQb6prvSKDM-00311-00104258-00104528 cross-cultural study continued in the
IQb6prvSKDM-00312-00104529-00104777 Muslim world through to ribbon kal Duns
IQb6prvSKDM-00313-00104778-00105071 work in the 14th century medieval
IQb6prvSKDM-00314-00105072-00105302 scholars may be considered for runners
IQb6prvSKDM-00315-00105303-00105575 of modern anthropology as well insofar
IQb6prvSKDM-00316-00105576-00105835 as they conducted or wrote detailed
IQb6prvSKDM-00317-00105836-00106058 studies of the customs of peoples
IQb6prvSKDM-00318-00106058-00106459 considered different from themselves in
IQb6prvSKDM-00319-00106460-00106853 terms of geography john of plano Kartini
IQb6prvSKDM-00320-00106854-00107105 reported of his stay among the mongols
IQb6prvSKDM-00321-00107106-00107456 his report was unusual in its detailed
IQb6prvSKDM-00322-00107457-00107717 depiction of a non European culture
IQb6prvSKDM-00323-00107718-00108050 Marco Polo's systematic observations of
IQb6prvSKDM-00324-00108051-00108365 nature anthropology and geography are
IQb6prvSKDM-00325-00108366-00108575 another example of studying human
IQb6prvSKDM-00326-00108576-00108944 variation across space Polo's travels
IQb6prvSKDM-00327-00108945-00109256 took him across such a diverse human
IQb6prvSKDM-00328-00109257-00109483 landscape and his accounts of the
IQb6prvSKDM-00329-00109484-00109727 peoples he met as he journeyed were so
IQb6prvSKDM-00330-00109728-00109936 detailed that they earned for polo the
IQb6prvSKDM-00331-00109938-00110836 name the father of modern anthropology
IQb6prvSKDM-00332-00110838-00111433 topic Renaissance
IQb6prvSKDM-00333-00111433-00111826 the first use of the term anthropology
IQb6prvSKDM-00334-00111827-00112192 in English to refer to a natural science
IQb6prvSKDM-00335-00112193-00112471 of humanity was apparently in Richard
IQb6prvSKDM-00336-00112472-00112888 Harvey's 1593 Philadelphus a defense of
IQb6prvSKDM-00337-00112889-00113140 the legend of Brutus in British history
IQb6prvSKDM-00338-00113141-00113506 which includes the passage genealogy or
IQb6prvSKDM-00339-00113507-00113770 issue which they had art as which they
IQb6prvSKDM-00340-00113771-00114103 studied act ease which they did this
IQb6prvSKDM-00341-00114104-00114918 part of history is named anthropology
IQb6prvSKDM-00342-00114919-00115269 topic the enlightenment roots of the
IQb6prvSKDM-00343-00115270-00115709 discipline
IQb6prvSKDM-00344-00115710-00115950 many scholars consider modern
IQb6prvSKDM-00345-00115951-00116205 anthropology as an outgrowth of the age
IQb6prvSKDM-00346-00116206-00116703 of enlightenment 1715 289 a period when
IQb6prvSKDM-00347-00116704-00116958 Europeans attempted to study human
IQb6prvSKDM-00348-00116958-00117198 behavior systematically the known
IQb6prvSKDM-00349-00117199-00117429 varieties of which had been increasing
IQb6prvSKDM-00350-00117430-00117726 since the 15th century as a result of
IQb6prvSKDM-00351-00117727-00118122 the first European colonization wave the
IQb6prvSKDM-00352-00118123-00118421 traditions of jurisprudence history
IQb6prvSKDM-00353-00118422-00118746 philology and sociology then evolved
IQb6prvSKDM-00354-00118747-00118992 into something more closely resembling
IQb6prvSKDM-00355-00118993-00119217 the modern views of these disciplines
IQb6prvSKDM-00356-00119218-00119442 and informed the development of the
IQb6prvSKDM-00357-00119443-00119739 social sciences of which anthropology
IQb6prvSKDM-00358-00119740-00119940 was a part
IQb6prvSKDM-00359-00119941-00120399 it took Immanuel Kant 17 24 to eighteen
IQb6prvSKDM-00360-00120400-00120718 Oh for 25 years to write one of the
IQb6prvSKDM-00361-00120719-00120965 first major treatises on anthropology
IQb6prvSKDM-00362-00120966-00121299 anthropology from a pragmatic point of
IQb6prvSKDM-00363-00121300-00121719 view 1798 which treats it as a branch of
IQb6prvSKDM-00364-00121720-00122052 philosophy Kant is not generally
IQb6prvSKDM-00365-00122053-00122304 considered to be a modern anthropologist
IQb6prvSKDM-00366-00122305-00122586 as he never left his region of Germany
IQb6prvSKDM-00367-00122587-00122862 nor did he study any cultures besides
IQb6prvSKDM-00368-00122863-00123297 his own he did however begin teaching an
IQb6prvSKDM-00369-00123298-00123843 annual course in anthropology in 1772
IQb6prvSKDM-00370-00123844-00124110 developments in the systematic study of
IQb6prvSKDM-00371-00124111-00124350 ancient civilizations through the
IQb6prvSKDM-00372-00124351-00124629 disciplines of classics and Egyptology
IQb6prvSKDM-00373-00124630-00124914 informed both archaeology and eventually
IQb6prvSKDM-00374-00124915-00125206 social anthropology as did the study of
IQb6prvSKDM-00375-00125207-00125472 East and South Asian languages and
IQb6prvSKDM-00376-00125473-00125889 cultures at the same time the romantic
IQb6prvSKDM-00377-00125890-00126135 reaction to the Enlightenment produced
IQb6prvSKDM-00378-00126136-00126423 thinkers such as Johann Gottfried herder
IQb6prvSKDM-00379-00126424-00126714 and later wilhelm dilthey whose work
IQb6prvSKDM-00380-00126715-00126987 formed the basis for thee culture
IQb6prvSKDM-00381-00126988-00127294 concept which is central to the
IQb6prvSKDM-00382-00127295-00127620 discipline institutionally anthropology
IQb6prvSKDM-00383-00127621-00127875 emerged from the development of Natural
IQb6prvSKDM-00384-00127876-00128136 History expounded by authors such as
IQb6prvSKDM-00385-00128137-00128438 buffin that occurred during the European
IQb6prvSKDM-00386-00128439-00128847 colonization of the 17th 18th 19th and
IQb6prvSKDM-00387-00128848-00129186 20th centuries programmes of
IQb6prvSKDM-00388-00129187-00129450 ethnographic study originated in this
IQb6prvSKDM-00389-00129451-00129863 era as the study of the human primitives
IQb6prvSKDM-00390-00129864-00130343 overseen by colonial administrations
IQb6prvSKDM-00391-00130344-00130607 there was a tendency in late 18th
IQb6prvSKDM-00392-00130608-00130838 century enlightenment thought to
IQb6prvSKDM-00393-00130839-00131120 understand human society as natural
IQb6prvSKDM-00394-00131121-00131348 phenomena that behaved according to
IQb6prvSKDM-00395-00131349-00131570 certain principles and that could be
IQb6prvSKDM-00396-00131571-00131905 observed empirically in some ways
IQb6prvSKDM-00397-00131906-00132284 studying the language culture physiology
IQb6prvSKDM-00398-00132285-00132584 and artifacts of European colonies was
IQb6prvSKDM-00399-00132585-00132830 not unlike studying the flora and fauna
IQb6prvSKDM-00400-00132831-00133089 of those places
IQb6prvSKDM-00401-00133090-00133371 early anthropology was divided between
IQb6prvSKDM-00402-00133372-00133710 proponents of unilineal ISM who argued
IQb6prvSKDM-00403-00133711-00133932 that all societies passed through a
IQb6prvSKDM-00404-00133933-00134211 single evolutionary process from the
IQb6prvSKDM-00405-00134212-00134472 most primitive to the most advanced and
IQb6prvSKDM-00406-00134473-00134829 various forms of nonlinear theorists who
IQb6prvSKDM-00407-00134830-00135072 tended to subscribe to ideas such as
IQb6prvSKDM-00408-00135073-00135455 diffusion ISM most nineteenth-century
IQb6prvSKDM-00409-00135456-00135731 social theorists including
IQb6prvSKDM-00410-00135732-00135987 anthropologists viewed non-european
IQb6prvSKDM-00411-00135988-00136209 societies as Windows on to the
IQb6prvSKDM-00412-00136210-00136978 pre-industrial human past
IQb6prvSKDM-00413-00136979-00137728 topic overview of the modern discipline
IQb6prvSKDM-00414-00137729-00138069 marxist anthropologist Eric wolf once
IQb6prvSKDM-00415-00138070-00138419 characterized anthropology as the most
IQb6prvSKDM-00416-00138420-00138713 scientific of the humanities and the
IQb6prvSKDM-00417-00138714-00139220 most humanistic of the social sciences
IQb6prvSKDM-00418-00139221-00139511 understanding how anthropology developed
IQb6prvSKDM-00419-00139512-00139794 contributes to understanding how it fits
IQb6prvSKDM-00420-00139795-00140146 into other academic disciplines
IQb6prvSKDM-00421-00140147-00140435 scholarly traditions of jurisprudence
IQb6prvSKDM-00422-00140436-00140759 history fillol AG and sociology
IQb6prvSKDM-00423-00140760-00141014 developed during this time and informed
IQb6prvSKDM-00424-00141015-00141270 the development of the social sciences
IQb6prvSKDM-00425-00141271-00141638 of which anthropology was a part at the
IQb6prvSKDM-00426-00141639-00141938 same time the romantic reaction to the
IQb6prvSKDM-00427-00141939-00142184 Enlightenment produced thinkers such as
IQb6prvSKDM-00428-00142185-00142460 herder and later wilhelm dilthey whose
IQb6prvSKDM-00429-00142461-00142700 work formed the basis for the culture
IQb6prvSKDM-00430-00142701-00142893 concept which is central to the
IQb6prvSKDM-00431-00142894-00143312 discipline these intellectual movements
IQb6prvSKDM-00432-00143313-00143508 in part grappled with one of the
IQb6prvSKDM-00433-00143509-00143813 greatest paradoxes of modernity as the
IQb6prvSKDM-00434-00143814-00144026 world is becoming smaller and more
IQb6prvSKDM-00435-00144027-00144308 integrated people's experience of the
IQb6prvSKDM-00436-00144309-00144551 world is increasingly atomized and
IQb6prvSKDM-00437-00144552-00144911 dispersed as Karl Marx and Friedrich
IQb6prvSKDM-00438-00144912-00145321 Engels observed in the 1840s
IQb6prvSKDM-00439-00145322-00145615 all old established national industries
IQb6prvSKDM-00440-00145616-00145849 have been destroyed or a daily being
IQb6prvSKDM-00441-00145850-00145953 destroyed
IQb6prvSKDM-00442-00145954-00146281 they are dislodged by new industries
IQb6prvSKDM-00443-00146282-00146500 whose introduction becomes a
IQb6prvSKDM-00444-00146501-00146698 life-and-death question for all
IQb6prvSKDM-00445-00146699-00147010 civilized nations by industries that no
IQb6prvSKDM-00446-00147011-00147298 longer work up indigenous raw material
IQb6prvSKDM-00447-00147299-00147586 but raw material drawn from the remotest
IQb6prvSKDM-00448-00147587-00147853 zones industries whose products are
IQb6prvSKDM-00449-00147854-00148165 consumed not only at home but in every
IQb6prvSKDM-00450-00148166-00148507 quarter of the globe in place of the old
IQb6prvSKDM-00451-00148508-00148603 ones
IQb6prvSKDM-00452-00148604-00148828 satisfied by the production of the
IQb6prvSKDM-00453-00148829-00149161 country we find new ones requiring for
IQb6prvSKDM-00454-00149162-00149374 their satisfaction the products of
IQb6prvSKDM-00455-00149375-00149773 distant lands and climes in place of the
IQb6prvSKDM-00456-00149774-00150217 old local and national success in see we
IQb6prvSKDM-00457-00150218-00150453 have intercourse in every direction
IQb6prvSKDM-00458-00150454-00150870 universal interdependence of Nations
IQb6prvSKDM-00459-00150871-00151123 ironically this Universal
IQb6prvSKDM-00460-00151124-00151381 interdependence rather than leading to
IQb6prvSKDM-00461-00151382-00151660 greater human solidarity has coincided
IQb6prvSKDM-00462-00151661-00152008 with increasing racial ethnic religious
IQb6prvSKDM-00463-00152009-00152389 and class divisions and new and to some
IQb6prvSKDM-00464-00152390-00152704 confusing or disturbing cultural
IQb6prvSKDM-00465-00152705-00153070 expressions these are the conditions of
IQb6prvSKDM-00466-00153071-00153295 life with which people today must
IQb6prvSKDM-00467-00153296-00153553 contend that they have their origins in
IQb6prvSKDM-00468-00153554-00153835 processes that began in the 16th century
IQb6prvSKDM-00469-00153836-00154306 and accelerated in the 19th century
IQb6prvSKDM-00470-00154307-00154552 institutionally anthropology emerged
IQb6prvSKDM-00471-00154553-00154813 from natural history expounded by
IQb6prvSKDM-00472-00154814-00155171 authors such as buffin this was the
IQb6prvSKDM-00473-00155172-00155512 study of human beings typically people
IQb6prvSKDM-00474-00155513-00155770 living in European colonies
IQb6prvSKDM-00475-00155771-00156124 thus studying the language culture
IQb6prvSKDM-00476-00156125-00156434 physiology and artifacts of European
IQb6prvSKDM-00477-00156435-00156707 colonies was more or less equivalent to
IQb6prvSKDM-00478-00156708-00156928 studying the flora and fauna of those
IQb6prvSKDM-00479-00156929-00157307 places it was for this reason for
IQb6prvSKDM-00480-00157308-00157595 instance that Lewis Henry Morgan could
IQb6prvSKDM-00481-00157596-00157823 write monographs on both the League of
IQb6prvSKDM-00482-00157824-00158072 the Iroquois and the American beaver in
IQb6prvSKDM-00483-00158073-00158474 his works this is also why the material
IQb6prvSKDM-00484-00158475-00158732 culture of civilized nations such as
IQb6prvSKDM-00485-00158733-00158996 China have historically been displayed
IQb6prvSKDM-00486-00158997-00159325 in fine arts museums alongside European
IQb6prvSKDM-00487-00159326-00159577 art while artifacts from Africa or
IQb6prvSKDM-00488-00159578-00159824 native North American cultures were
IQb6prvSKDM-00489-00159825-00160082 displayed in Natural History Museum's
IQb6prvSKDM-00490-00160083-00160476 with dinosaur bones and nature dioramas
IQb6prvSKDM-00491-00160477-00160757 curatorial practice has changed
IQb6prvSKDM-00492-00160758-00161011 dramatically in recent years and it
IQb6prvSKDM-00493-00161012-00161231 would be wrong to see anthropology as
IQb6prvSKDM-00494-00161232-00161483 merely an extension of colonial rule and
IQb6prvSKDM-00495-00161484-00161752 European chauvinism since its
IQb6prvSKDM-00496-00161753-00162032 relationship to imperialism was and is
IQb6prvSKDM-00497-00162033-00162284 complex drawing on the methods of the
IQb6prvSKDM-00498-00162285-00162557 Natural Sciences as well as developing
IQb6prvSKDM-00499-00162558-00162762 new techniques involving not only
IQb6prvSKDM-00500-00162763-00163096 structured interviews but unstructured
IQb6prvSKDM-00501-00163097-00163493 participant observation and drawing on
IQb6prvSKDM-00502-00163494-00163711 the new theory of evolution through
IQb6prvSKDM-00503-00163712-00163982 natural selection they proposed the
IQb6prvSKDM-00504-00163983-00164293 scientific study of a new object
IQb6prvSKDM-00505-00164294-00164659 humankind conceived of as a whole
IQb6prvSKDM-00506-00164660-00164991 crucial to this study is the concept
IQb6prvSKDM-00507-00164992-00165364 culture which anthropologists define
IQb6prvSKDM-00508-00165365-00165632 both as a universal capacity and
IQb6prvSKDM-00509-00165633-00165935 propensity for social learning thinking
IQb6prvSKDM-00510-00165936-00166211 and acting which they see as a product
IQb6prvSKDM-00511-00166212-00166472 of human evolution and something that
IQb6prvSKDM-00512-00166473-00166816 distinguishes Homo sapiens and perhaps
IQb6prvSKDM-00513-00166817-00167089 all species of genus Homo
IQb6prvSKDM-00514-00167090-00167395 from other species and as a particular
IQb6prvSKDM-00515-00167396-00167633 adaptation to local condition
IQb6prvSKDM-00516-00167634-00167882 that takes the form of highly variable
IQb6prvSKDM-00517-00167883-00168094 beliefs and practices
IQb6prvSKDM-00518-00168095-00168589 thus culture not only transcends the
IQb6prvSKDM-00519-00168590-00168869 opposition between nature and nurture it
IQb6prvSKDM-00520-00168870-00169129 transcends and absorbs the peculiarly
IQb6prvSKDM-00521-00169130-00169406 European distinction between politics
IQb6prvSKDM-00522-00169407-00169712 religion kinship and the economy as
IQb6prvSKDM-00523-00169713-00170108 autonomous domains anthropology thus
IQb6prvSKDM-00524-00170109-00170329 transcends the divisions between the
IQb6prvSKDM-00525-00170330-00170684 Natural Sciences Social Sciences and
IQb6prvSKDM-00526-00170685-00170984 humanities to explore the biological
IQb6prvSKDM-00527-00170985-00171263 linguistic material and symbolic
IQb6prvSKDM-00528-00171264-00172123 dimensions of humankind in all forms
IQb6prvSKDM-00529-00172124-00172474 topic national anthropological
IQb6prvSKDM-00530-00172475-00172937 traditions
IQb6prvSKDM-00531-00172938-00173222 as academic disciplines began to
IQb6prvSKDM-00532-00173223-00173441 differentiate over the course of the
IQb6prvSKDM-00533-00173442-00173732 19th century anthropology grew
IQb6prvSKDM-00534-00173733-00173924 increasingly distinct from the
IQb6prvSKDM-00535-00173925-00174143 biological approach of Natural History
IQb6prvSKDM-00536-00174144-00174425 on the one hand and from purely
IQb6prvSKDM-00537-00174426-00174692 historical or literary fields such as
IQb6prvSKDM-00538-00174693-00175109 classics on the other a common criticism
IQb6prvSKDM-00539-00175110-00175379 was that many social sciences such as
IQb6prvSKDM-00540-00175380-00175702 economists sociologists and
IQb6prvSKDM-00541-00175703-00175913 psychologists in Western countries
IQb6prvSKDM-00542-00175914-00176201 focused disproportionately on Western
IQb6prvSKDM-00543-00176202-00176509 subjects while anthropology focusing
IQb6prvSKDM-00544-00176510-00177259 disproportionately on the other
IQb6prvSKDM-00545-00177260-00177796 topic Britain
IQb6prvSKDM-00546-00177797-00178130 museums such as the British Museum went
IQb6prvSKDM-00547-00178131-00178412 the only site of anthropological studies
IQb6prvSKDM-00548-00178413-00178739 with the new imperialism period starting
IQb6prvSKDM-00549-00178740-00179149 in the 1870s zoos became unattended
IQb6prvSKDM-00550-00179150-00179515 laboratories especially the so called
IQb6prvSKDM-00551-00179516-00180008 ethnological exhibitions or Negro
IQb6prvSKDM-00552-00180009-00180575 villages thus savages from the colonies
IQb6prvSKDM-00553-00180576-00180911 were displayed often nudes in cages in
IQb6prvSKDM-00554-00180912-00181355 what has been called human zoos for
IQb6prvSKDM-00555-00181356-00181775 example in 1906 Congolese pygmy Ohta
IQb6prvSKDM-00556-00181776-00182081 Benga was put by anthropologist Madison
IQb6prvSKDM-00557-00182082-00182408 grant in a cage in the Bronx Zoo labeled
IQb6prvSKDM-00558-00182409-00182786 the missing link between an orangutan
IQb6prvSKDM-00559-00182787-00183227 and the white race grant a renowned
IQb6prvSKDM-00560-00183228-00183515 eugenicist was also the author of the
IQb6prvSKDM-00561-00183516-00183977 passing of the Great Race 1916 such
IQb6prvSKDM-00562-00183978-00184202 exhibitions were attempt to illustrate
IQb6prvSKDM-00563-00184203-00184469 and prove in the same movement the
IQb6prvSKDM-00564-00184470-00184760 validity of scientific racism which
IQb6prvSKDM-00565-00184761-00185027 first formulation may be found in our
IQb6prvSKDM-00566-00185028-00185231 third ago burrows an essay on the
IQb6prvSKDM-00567-00185232-00185842 inequality of human races 1853 to 55 in
IQb6prvSKDM-00568-00185843-00186182 1931 the colonial exhibition in Paris
IQb6prvSKDM-00569-00186183-00186449 still displayed connects from New
IQb6prvSKDM-00570-00186450-00186866 Caledonia in the indigenous village it
IQb6prvSKDM-00571-00186867-00187202 received 24 million visitors in six
IQb6prvSKDM-00572-00187203-00187520 months thus demonstrating the popularity
IQb6prvSKDM-00573-00187521-00187950 of such human zoos
IQb6prvSKDM-00574-00187951-00188251 anthropology grew increasingly distinct
IQb6prvSKDM-00575-00188252-00188497 from Natural History and by the end of
IQb6prvSKDM-00576-00188498-00188794 the 19th century the discipline began to
IQb6prvSKDM-00577-00188795-00189250 crystallize into its modern form by 1935
IQb6prvSKDM-00578-00189251-00189727 for example it was possible 40k Penniman
IQb6prvSKDM-00579-00189728-00189943 to write a history of the discipline
IQb6prvSKDM-00580-00189944-00190237 entitled a hundred years of anthropology
IQb6prvSKDM-00581-00190238-00190633 at the time the field was dominated by
IQb6prvSKDM-00582-00190634-00190996 the comparative method it was assumed
IQb6prvSKDM-00583-00190997-00191221 that all societies passed through a
IQb6prvSKDM-00584-00191222-00191488 single evolutionary process from the
IQb6prvSKDM-00585-00191489-00191852 most primitive to most advanced
IQb6prvSKDM-00586-00191853-00192153 non-european societies were thus seen as
IQb6prvSKDM-00587-00192154-00192451 evolutionary living fossils that could
IQb6prvSKDM-00588-00192452-00192682 be studied in order to understand the
IQb6prvSKDM-00589-00192683-00193089 European past scholars wrote histories
IQb6prvSKDM-00590-00193090-00193348 of prehistoric migrations which were
IQb6prvSKDM-00591-00193349-00193581 sometimes valuable but often also
IQb6prvSKDM-00592-00193582-00193935 fanciful it was during this time that
IQb6prvSKDM-00593-00193936-00194206 Europeans first accurately traced
IQb6prvSKDM-00594-00194207-00194512 Polynesian migrations across the Pacific
IQb6prvSKDM-00595-00194513-00194841 Ocean for instance although some of them
IQb6prvSKDM-00596-00194842-00195250 believed it originated in Egypt finally
IQb6prvSKDM-00597-00195251-00195504 the concept of race was actively
IQb6prvSKDM-00598-00195505-00195882 discussed as a way to classify and rank
IQb6prvSKDM-00599-00195883-00196681 human beings based on difference
IQb6prvSKDM-00600-00196682-00197400 topic EB Tyler and James Fraser
IQb6prvSKDM-00601-00197401-00197792 edward burnett tylor the 2nd of october
IQb6prvSKDM-00602-00197793-00198228 1832 to the 2nd of January 1917 and
IQb6prvSKDM-00603-00198229-00198548 James George Frazer the first of January
IQb6prvSKDM-00604-00198549-00198990 1854 to the 7th of May 1941 are
IQb6prvSKDM-00605-00198991-00199233 generally considered the antecedents to
IQb6prvSKDM-00606-00199234-00199503 modern social anthropology in Britain
IQb6prvSKDM-00607-00199504-00199896 although Tylor undertook a field trip to
IQb6prvSKDM-00608-00199897-00199989 Mexico
IQb6prvSKDM-00609-00199990-00200241 both he and Frazer derived most of the
IQb6prvSKDM-00610-00200242-00200484 material for their comparative studies
IQb6prvSKDM-00611-00200485-00200784 through extensive reading not fieldwork
IQb6prvSKDM-00612-00200785-00201057 mainly the classics literature and
IQb6prvSKDM-00613-00201058-00201315 history of Greece and Rome the work of
IQb6prvSKDM-00614-00201316-00201564 the early European folklorists and
IQb6prvSKDM-00615-00201565-00201875 reports from missionaries travelers and
IQb6prvSKDM-00616-00201876-00202296 contemporaneous ethnologists Tylor
IQb6prvSKDM-00617-00202297-00202626 advocated strongly for unilineal ISM and
IQb6prvSKDM-00618-00202627-00203130 a form of uniformity of mankind Tylor in
IQb6prvSKDM-00619-00203131-00203328 particular laid the groundwork for
IQb6prvSKDM-00620-00203329-00203592 theories of cultural diffusion ISM
IQb6prvSKDM-00621-00203593-00203796 stating that there are three ways that
IQb6prvSKDM-00622-00203797-00204024 different groups can have similar
IQb6prvSKDM-00623-00204025-00204338 cultural forms or technologies
IQb6prvSKDM-00624-00204339-00204675 independent invention inheritance from
IQb6prvSKDM-00625-00204676-00204959 ancestors in a distant region
IQb6prvSKDM-00626-00204960-00205281 transmission from one race SiC to
IQb6prvSKDM-00627-00205282-00205677 another Tylor formulated one of the
IQb6prvSKDM-00628-00205678-00205944 early and influential anthropological
IQb6prvSKDM-00629-00205944-00206291 conceptions of culture as that complex
IQb6prvSKDM-00630-00206292-00206601 whole which includes knowledge belief
IQb6prvSKDM-00631-00206602-00207071 art morals law custom and any other
IQb6prvSKDM-00632-00207071-00207360 capabilities and habits acquired by
IQb6prvSKDM-00633-00207361-00207936 humans as members of society however as
IQb6prvSKDM-00634-00207937-00208254 stocking notes Tylor mainly concerned
IQb6prvSKDM-00635-00208255-00208509 himself with describing and mapping the
IQb6prvSKDM-00636-00208510-00208763 distribution of particular elements of
IQb6prvSKDM-00637-00208764-00208983 culture rather than with the larger
IQb6prvSKDM-00638-00208984-00209216 function and he generally seemed to
IQb6prvSKDM-00639-00209217-00209454 assume a Victorian idea of progress
IQb6prvSKDM-00640-00209455-00209730 rather than the idea of non directional
IQb6prvSKDM-00641-00209731-00210027 multi lineal cultural development
IQb6prvSKDM-00642-00210028-00210415 proposed by later anthropologists
IQb6prvSKDM-00643-00210416-00210742 Tyler also theorized about the origins
IQb6prvSKDM-00644-00210742-00211002 of religious beliefs in human beings
IQb6prvSKDM-00645-00211003-00211276 proposing a theory of animism as the
IQb6prvSKDM-00646-00211277-00211642 earliest stage and noting that religion
IQb6prvSKDM-00647-00211642-00212019 has many components of which he believed
IQb6prvSKDM-00648-00212021-00212263 the most important to be belief in
IQb6prvSKDM-00649-00212264-00212575 supernatural beings as opposed to moral
IQb6prvSKDM-00650-00212576-00213042 systems cosmology etc Fraser
IQb6prvSKDM-00651-00213044-00213226 a Scottish scholar with a broad
IQb6prvSKDM-00652-00213227-00213502 knowledge of classics also concerned
IQb6prvSKDM-00653-00213503-00213940 himself with religion myth and magic his
IQb6prvSKDM-00654-00213941-00214252 comparative studies most influential II
IQb6prvSKDM-00655-00214253-00214480 in the numerous editions of the Golden
IQb6prvSKDM-00656-00214481-00214783 Bough analysed similarities in religious
IQb6prvSKDM-00657-00214784-00215125 belief and symbolism globally neither
IQb6prvSKDM-00658-00215126-00215407 Tylor nor Frazer however was
IQb6prvSKDM-00659-00215408-00215710 particularly interested in fieldwork nor
IQb6prvSKDM-00660-00215711-00215919 were they interested in examining how
IQb6prvSKDM-00661-00215921-00216181 the cultural elements and institutions
IQb6prvSKDM-00662-00216182-00216514 fit together the Golden Bough was
IQb6prvSKDM-00663-00216515-00216723 abridged drastically in subsequent
IQb6prvSKDM-00664-00216725-00217442 editions after his first
IQb6prvSKDM-00665-00217442-00217810 topic bronislaw malinowski and the
IQb6prvSKDM-00666-00217811-00218223 british school
IQb6prvSKDM-00667-00218225-00218557 toward the turn of the 20th century a
IQb6prvSKDM-00668-00218558-00218794 number of anthropologists became
IQb6prvSKDM-00669-00218794-00219084 dissatisfied with this categorization of
IQb6prvSKDM-00670-00219085-00219321 cultural elements historical
IQb6prvSKDM-00671-00219323-00219571 reconstructions also came to seem
IQb6prvSKDM-00672-00219571-00219928 increasingly speculative to them under
IQb6prvSKDM-00673-00219929-00220141 the influence of several younger
IQb6prvSKDM-00674-00220142-00220371 scholars a new approach came to
IQb6prvSKDM-00675-00220373-00220563 predominate among British
IQb6prvSKDM-00676-00220564-00220842 anthropologists concerned with analyzing
IQb6prvSKDM-00677-00220844-00221083 how societies held together in the
IQb6prvSKDM-00678-00221084-00221373 present synchronic analysis rather than
IQb6prvSKDM-00679-00221375-00221667 diachronic or historical analysis and
IQb6prvSKDM-00680-00221669-00221950 emphasizing long-term one to several
IQb6prvSKDM-00681-00221951-00222342 years immersion fieldwork Cambridge
IQb6prvSKDM-00682-00222342-00222660 University financed a multidisciplinary
IQb6prvSKDM-00683-00222661-00222948 expedition to the Torres Strait Islands
IQb6prvSKDM-00684-00222950-00223363 in 1898 organized by Alfred Court hadn't
IQb6prvSKDM-00685-00223364-00223630 and including a physician anthropologist
IQb6prvSKDM-00686-00223631-00223948 William rivers as well as a linguist a
IQb6prvSKDM-00687-00223948-00224326 botanist and other specialists the
IQb6prvSKDM-00688-00224327-00224583 findings of the expedition set new
IQb6prvSKDM-00689-00224584-00224969 standards for ethnographic description
IQb6prvSKDM-00690-00224971-00225278 a decade and a half later polish
IQb6prvSKDM-00691-00225279-00225506 anthropology student bronislaw
IQb6prvSKDM-00692-00225507-00226004 malinowski 1884 to 1942 was beginning
IQb6prvSKDM-00693-00226005-00226251 what he expected to be a brief period of
IQb6prvSKDM-00694-00226252-00226527 fieldwork in the old model collecting
IQb6prvSKDM-00695-00226528-00226769 lists of cultural items when the
IQb6prvSKDM-00696-00226771-00227046 outbreak of the First World War stranded
IQb6prvSKDM-00697-00227046-00227426 him in New Guinea as a subject of the
IQb6prvSKDM-00698-00227427-00227673 austro-hungarian Empire resident on a
IQb6prvSKDM-00699-00227673-00227930 British colonial possession he was
IQb6prvSKDM-00700-00227931-00228185 effectively confined to New Guinea for
IQb6prvSKDM-00701-00228186-00228494 several years he made use of the time by
IQb6prvSKDM-00702-00228496-00228782 undertaking far more intensive fieldwork
IQb6prvSKDM-00703-00228783-00229004 than had been done by British
IQb6prvSKDM-00704-00229005-00229212 anthropologists and his classic
IQb6prvSKDM-00705-00229213-00229476 ethnography Argonauts of the western
IQb6prvSKDM-00706-00229477-00229896 Pacific 1922 advocated an approach to
IQb6prvSKDM-00707-00229896-00230127 fieldwork that became standard in the
IQb6prvSKDM-00708-00230128-00230509 field getting the natives point of view
IQb6prvSKDM-00709-00230510-00230857 through participant observation
IQb6prvSKDM-00710-00230858-00231114 theoretically he advocated a
IQb6prvSKDM-00711-00231115-00231371 functionalist interpretation which
IQb6prvSKDM-00712-00231373-00231623 examined how social institutions
IQb6prvSKDM-00713-00231625-00232021 functioned to satisfy individual needs
IQb6prvSKDM-00714-00232023-00232338 British social anthropology had an
IQb6prvSKDM-00715-00232339-00232566 expansive moment in the interwar period
IQb6prvSKDM-00716-00232567-00232890 with key contributions coming from the
IQb6prvSKDM-00717-00232891-00233178 Polish British bronislaw malinowski and
IQb6prvSKDM-00718-00233179-00233577 mayor for taser our Radcliffe Brown also
IQb6prvSKDM-00719-00233578-00234078 published a seminal work in 1922 he had
IQb6prvSKDM-00720-00234079-00234356 carried out his initial fieldwork in the
IQb6prvSKDM-00721-00234357-00234600 Andaman Islands in the old style of
IQb6prvSKDM-00722-00234601-00235028 historical reconstruction however after
IQb6prvSKDM-00723-00235029-00235310 reading the work of French sociologists
IQb6prvSKDM-00724-00235311-00235551 a mile Durkheim and Marcel Mauss
IQb6prvSKDM-00725-00235552-00235848 Radcliffe Brown published an account of
IQb6prvSKDM-00726-00235848-00236151 his research entitled simply the andaman
IQb6prvSKDM-00727-00236152-00236412 islanders that paid close attention to
IQb6prvSKDM-00728-00236413-00236657 the meaning and purpose of rituals and
IQb6prvSKDM-00729-00236658-00237069 myths over time he developed an approach
IQb6prvSKDM-00730-00237069-00237366 known as structural functionalism which
IQb6prvSKDM-00731-00237367-00237678 focused on how institutions in societies
IQb6prvSKDM-00732-00237679-00237921 work to balance out or create an
IQb6prvSKDM-00733-00237921-00238191 equilibrium in the social system to keep
IQb6prvSKDM-00734-00238192-00238408 it functioning ha
IQb6prvSKDM-00735-00238409-00238721 this contrasted with malinovski x'
IQb6prvSKDM-00736-00238723-00238952 functionalism and was quite different
IQb6prvSKDM-00737-00238953-00239177 from the later French structuralism
IQb6prvSKDM-00738-00239178-00239490 which examined the conceptual structures
IQb6prvSKDM-00739-00239491-00239815 in language and symbolism
IQb6prvSKDM-00740-00239816-00240026 malinovski and Radcliffe Browns
IQb6prvSKDM-00741-00240027-00240260 influence stemmed from the fact that
IQb6prvSKDM-00742-00240261-00240527 they like Boers actively trained
IQb6prvSKDM-00743-00240528-00240758 students and aggressively built up
IQb6prvSKDM-00744-00240759-00240962 institutions that furthered their
IQb6prvSKDM-00745-00240963-00241294 programmatic ambitions this was
IQb6prvSKDM-00746-00241296-00241526 particularly the case with Radcliffe
IQb6prvSKDM-00747-00241527-00241915 Brown who spread his agenda for social
IQb6prvSKDM-00748-00241916-00242288 anthropology by teaching at universities
IQb6prvSKDM-00749-00242289-00242600 across the British Commonwealth from the
IQb6prvSKDM-00750-00242601-00242923 late 1930s until the post-war period
IQb6prvSKDM-00751-00242925-00243188 appeared a string of monographs and
IQb6prvSKDM-00752-00243189-00243407 edited volumes that cemented the
IQb6prvSKDM-00753-00243408-00243694 paradigm of British social anthropology
IQb6prvSKDM-00754-00243696-00244139 BSA famous ethnographies include the
IQb6prvSKDM-00755-00244140-00244481 Nuer by edward evan evans pritchard and
IQb6prvSKDM-00756-00244482-00244715 the dynamics of clan Shipp among the
IQb6prvSKDM-00757-00244716-00245017 talons II by Maher Forte's well-known
IQb6prvSKDM-00758-00245019-00245321 edited volumes include African systems
IQb6prvSKDM-00759-00245321-00245561 of kinship and marriage and African
IQb6prvSKDM-00760-00245562-00246219 political systems
IQb6prvSKDM-00761-00246219-00246969 topic post ww2 trends
IQb6prvSKDM-00762-00246969-00247283 max Gluckman together with many of his
IQb6prvSKDM-00763-00247284-00247496 colleagues at the Rhodes Livingston
IQb6prvSKDM-00764-00247498-00247769 Institute and students at Manchester
IQb6prvSKDM-00765-00247771-00248025 University collectively known as the
IQb6prvSKDM-00766-00248026-00248319 Manchester school took BSA in new
IQb6prvSKDM-00767-00248319-00248565 directions through their introduction of
IQb6prvSKDM-00768-00248566-00248877 explicitly Marxist informed theory their
IQb6prvSKDM-00769-00248878-00249128 emphasis on conflicts and conflict
IQb6prvSKDM-00770-00249129-00249369 resolution and their attention to the
IQb6prvSKDM-00771-00249369-00249656 ways in which individuals negotiate and
IQb6prvSKDM-00772-00249657-00249876 make use of the social structural
IQb6prvSKDM-00773-00249877-00250338 possibilities in Britain anthropology
IQb6prvSKDM-00774-00250339-00250664 had a great intellectual impact it
IQb6prvSKDM-00775-00250665-00250898 contributed to the erosion of
IQb6prvSKDM-00776-00250898-00251180 Christianity the growth of cultural
IQb6prvSKDM-00777-00251181-00251504 relativism an awareness of the survival
IQb6prvSKDM-00778-00251505-00251778 of the primitive in modern life and the
IQb6prvSKDM-00779-00251779-00252051 replacement of diachronic modes of
IQb6prvSKDM-00780-00252052-00252329 analysis with synchronic all of which
IQb6prvSKDM-00781-00252330-00252771 essential to modern culture later in the
IQb6prvSKDM-00782-00252771-00253229 1960s and 1970s edmund leach and his
IQb6prvSKDM-00783-00253230-00253515 students Mary Douglas and new yeoman
IQb6prvSKDM-00784-00253516-00253760 among others introduced French
IQb6prvSKDM-00785-00253761-00253989 structuralism in the style of Levy
IQb6prvSKDM-00786-00253990-00254285 Strauss while British anthropology has
IQb6prvSKDM-00787-00254286-00254519 continued to emphasize social
IQb6prvSKDM-00788-00254519-00254804 organization and economics over purely
IQb6prvSKDM-00789-00254805-00255119 symbolic or literary topics differences
IQb6prvSKDM-00790-00255121-00255421 among British French and American
IQb6prvSKDM-00791-00255423-00255653 socio-cultural anthropology --zz have
IQb6prvSKDM-00792-00255654-00255891 diminished with increasing dialogue and
IQb6prvSKDM-00793-00255892-00256153 borrowing of both theory and methods
IQb6prvSKDM-00794-00256154-00256539 today social anthropology in Britain
IQb6prvSKDM-00795-00256540-00256778 engages internationally with many other
IQb6prvSKDM-00796-00256779-00257048 social theories and has branched in many
IQb6prvSKDM-00797-00257050-00257475 directions in countries of the British
IQb6prvSKDM-00798-00257476-00257763 Commonwealth social anthropology has
IQb6prvSKDM-00799-00257764-00258023 often been institutionally separate from
IQb6prvSKDM-00800-00258025-00258296 physical anthropology and primatology
IQb6prvSKDM-00801-00258298-00258567 which may be connected with departments
IQb6prvSKDM-00802-00258567-00258828 of biology or zoology and from
IQb6prvSKDM-00803-00258829-00259084 archaeology which may be connected with
IQb6prvSKDM-00804-00259085-00259406 departments of classics Egyptology and
IQb6prvSKDM-00805-00259407-00259589 the like
IQb6prvSKDM-00806-00259590-00259794 in other countries and in some
IQb6prvSKDM-00807-00259796-00260096 particularly smaller British and North
IQb6prvSKDM-00808-00260096-00260426 American universities anthropologists
IQb6prvSKDM-00809-00260427-00260614 have also found themselves
IQb6prvSKDM-00810-00260615-00260851 institutionally linked with scholars of
IQb6prvSKDM-00811-00260852-00261226 folklore Museum studies human geography
IQb6prvSKDM-00812-00261227-00261604 sociology social relations ethnic
IQb6prvSKDM-00813-00261605-00262104 studies cultural studies and social work
IQb6prvSKDM-00814-00262105-00262400 anthropology has been used in Britain to
IQb6prvSKDM-00815-00262401-00262646 provide an alternative explanation for
IQb6prvSKDM-00816-00262647-00263123 the financial crisis of 2007 to 2010 -
IQb6prvSKDM-00817-00263124-00263372 the technical explanations rooted in
IQb6prvSKDM-00818-00263373-00263747 economic and political theory dr.
IQb6prvSKDM-00819-00263748-00264034 Gillian Tett a Cambridge University
IQb6prvSKDM-00820-00264035-00264296 trained anthropologist who went on to
IQb6prvSKDM-00821-00264297-00264569 become a senior editor at the Financial
IQb6prvSKDM-00822-00264570-00264808 Times is one of the leaders in this use
IQb6prvSKDM-00823-00264809-00265459 of anthropology
IQb6prvSKDM-00824-00265460-00266006 topic Canada
IQb6prvSKDM-00825-00266007-00266343 Canadian anthropology began as in other
IQb6prvSKDM-00826-00266344-00266571 parts of the colonial world as
IQb6prvSKDM-00827-00266572-00266838 ethnological data in the records of
IQb6prvSKDM-00828-00266839-00267195 travelers and missionaries in Canada
IQb6prvSKDM-00829-00267196-00267468 Jesuit missionaries such as Fathers
IQb6prvSKDM-00830-00267469-00267816 Leclerc Luzerne and say God in the 17th
IQb6prvSKDM-00831-00267817-00268122 century provide the oldest ethnographic
IQb6prvSKDM-00832-00268123-00268368 records of native tribes in what was
IQb6prvSKDM-00833-00268369-00268731 then the Dominion of Canada the academic
IQb6prvSKDM-00834-00268732-00268980 discipline has drawn strongly on both
IQb6prvSKDM-00835-00268981-00269235 the British social anthropology and the
IQb6prvSKDM-00836-00269236-00269472 American cultural anthropology
IQb6prvSKDM-00837-00269473-00269831 traditions producing a hybrid
IQb6prvSKDM-00838-00269832-00270554 socio-cultural anthropology
IQb6prvSKDM-00839-00270555-00271184 topic George Mercer Dawson
IQb6prvSKDM-00840-00271185-00271448 true anthropology began with a
IQb6prvSKDM-00841-00271449-00271721 government department the Geological
IQb6prvSKDM-00842-00271722-00271988 Survey of Canada and George Mercer
IQb6prvSKDM-00843-00271989-00272519 Dawson director in 1895 Dawson's support
IQb6prvSKDM-00844-00272520-00272822 for anthropology created impetus for the
IQb6prvSKDM-00845-00272823-00273119 profession in Canada this was expanded
IQb6prvSKDM-00846-00273120-00273380 upon by Prime Minister Wilfrid Laurier
IQb6prvSKDM-00847-00273381-00273631 who established a division of
IQb6prvSKDM-00848-00273632-00273872 anthropology within the Geological
IQb6prvSKDM-00849-00273873-00274555 Survey in 1910
IQb6prvSKDM-00850-00274556-00275189 topic edward sapir
IQb6prvSKDM-00851-00275190-00275397 anthropologists were recruited from
IQb6prvSKDM-00852-00275398-00275649 England and the USA setting the
IQb6prvSKDM-00853-00275650-00275922 foundation for the unique Canadian style
IQb6prvSKDM-00854-00275923-00276294 of anthropology scholars include the
IQb6prvSKDM-00855-00276295-00277035 linguist and boasian Edward Sapir
IQb6prvSKDM-00856-00277036-00277638 topic France
IQb6prvSKDM-00857-00277639-00277932 anthropology in France has a less clear
IQb6prvSKDM-00858-00277933-00278203 genealogy than the British and American
IQb6prvSKDM-00859-00278204-00278488 traditions in part because many French
IQb6prvSKDM-00860-00278489-00278784 writers influential in anthropology have
IQb6prvSKDM-00861-00278785-00279055 been trained or held faculty positions
IQb6prvSKDM-00862-00279056-00279424 in sociology philosophy or other fields
IQb6prvSKDM-00863-00279425-00280098 rather than in anthropology
IQb6prvSKDM-00864-00280099-00280689 topic Marcel Mauss
IQb6prvSKDM-00865-00280690-00281099 most commentators consider Marcel Mauss
IQb6prvSKDM-00866-00281100-00281576 1872 to 1950 nephew of the influential
IQb6prvSKDM-00867-00281577-00281892 sociologist a mild Durkheim to be the
IQb6prvSKDM-00868-00281893-00282123 founder of the French anthropological
IQb6prvSKDM-00869-00282124-00282522 tradition mouse belonged to Durkheim zan
IQb6prvSKDM-00870-00282523-00282879 a sociology group while Durkheim and
IQb6prvSKDM-00871-00282880-00283083 others examined the state of modern
IQb6prvSKDM-00872-00283084-00283398 societies mouse and his collaborators
IQb6prvSKDM-00873-00283399-00283671 such as Henri Hubert and Robert Hertz
IQb6prvSKDM-00874-00283672-00283953 drew on ethnography and philology to
IQb6prvSKDM-00875-00283954-00284193 analyze societies that were not as
IQb6prvSKDM-00876-00284194-00284624 differentiated as European nation states
IQb6prvSKDM-00877-00284625-00285012 - works by mouse in particular proved to
IQb6prvSKDM-00878-00285013-00285270 have enduring relevance essay on the
IQb6prvSKDM-00879-00285271-00285573 gift a seminal analysis of exchange and
IQb6prvSKDM-00880-00285574-00285852 reciprocity and his Huxley lecture on
IQb6prvSKDM-00881-00285853-00286071 the notion of the person the first
IQb6prvSKDM-00882-00286072-00286374 comparative study of notions of person
IQb6prvSKDM-00883-00286375-00286644 and selfhood cross-culturally throughout
IQb6prvSKDM-00884-00286645-00286914 the interwar years French interest in
IQb6prvSKDM-00885-00286915-00287181 anthropology often dovetailed with wider
IQb6prvSKDM-00886-00287182-00287469 cultural movements such as surrealism
IQb6prvSKDM-00887-00287470-00287682 and primitivism which drew on
IQb6prvSKDM-00888-00287683-00288090 ethnography for inspiration Marcel grill
IQb6prvSKDM-00889-00288091-00288360 and Mitchell Liris are examples of
IQb6prvSKDM-00890-00288361-00288627 people who combined anthropology with
IQb6prvSKDM-00891-00288628-00288978 the French avant-garde during this time
IQb6prvSKDM-00892-00288979-00289248 most of what is known as ethnology was
IQb6prvSKDM-00893-00289249-00289560 restricted to museums such as the musée
IQb6prvSKDM-00894-00289561-00289829 de l'homme founded by Paul rivet and
IQb6prvSKDM-00895-00289830-00290022 anthropology had a close relationship
IQb6prvSKDM-00896-00290023-00290764 with studies of folklore
IQb6prvSKDM-00897-00290765-00291390 topic Claude lévi-strauss
IQb6prvSKDM-00898-00291391-00291734 above all Claude lévi-strauss helped
IQb6prvSKDM-00899-00291735-00292025 institutionalize anthropology in France
IQb6prvSKDM-00900-00292026-00292332 along with the enormous influence that
IQb6prvSKDM-00901-00292333-00292590 his theory of structuralism exerted
IQb6prvSKDM-00902-00292591-00292890 across multiple disciplines Levy Straus
IQb6prvSKDM-00903-00292891-00293142 established ties with American and
IQb6prvSKDM-00904-00293143-00293538 British anthropologists at the same time
IQb6prvSKDM-00905-00293539-00293787 he established centers and laboratories
IQb6prvSKDM-00906-00293788-00294026 within France to provide an
IQb6prvSKDM-00907-00294027-00294237 institutional context within
IQb6prvSKDM-00908-00294238-00294528 anthropology while training influential
IQb6prvSKDM-00909-00294529-00294795 students such as Maurice Gedaliah and
IQb6prvSKDM-00910-00294796-00295230 Francois 0ta they proved influential in
IQb6prvSKDM-00911-00295231-00295563 the world of French anthropology much of
IQb6prvSKDM-00912-00295564-00295788 the distinct character of France's
IQb6prvSKDM-00913-00295789-00296064 anthropology today is a result of the
IQb6prvSKDM-00914-00296065-00296331 fact that most anthropology is carried
IQb6prvSKDM-00915-00296332-00296556 out in nationally funded Research
IQb6prvSKDM-00916-00296557-00296924 laboratory's CNRS rather than academic
IQb6prvSKDM-00917-00296925-00297282 departments in universities other
IQb6prvSKDM-00918-00297283-00297699 influential writers in the 1970s include
IQb6prvSKDM-00919-00297700-00297978 Pierre Craster's who explains in his
IQb6prvSKDM-00920-00297979-00298245 books on the guaiac eat ribe in Paraguay
IQb6prvSKDM-00921-00298246-00298671 that primitive societies actively
IQb6prvSKDM-00922-00298672-00298899 opposed the institution of the state
IQb6prvSKDM-00923-00298900-00299244 these stateless societies are not less
IQb6prvSKDM-00924-00299245-00299535 evolved than societies with States but
IQb6prvSKDM-00925-00299536-00299754 chose to conjure the institution of
IQb6prvSKDM-00926-00299755-00300006 authority as a separate function from
IQb6prvSKDM-00927-00300007-00300327 society the leader is only a
IQb6prvSKDM-00928-00300328-00300579 spokesperson for the group when it has
IQb6prvSKDM-00929-00300580-00300900 to deal with other groups international
IQb6prvSKDM-00930-00300901-00301308 relations but has no Inside Authority
IQb6prvSKDM-00931-00301309-00301566 and may be violently removed if he
IQb6prvSKDM-00932-00301567-00301830 attempts to abuse this position the most
IQb6prvSKDM-00933-00301831-00302133 important French social theorist since
IQb6prvSKDM-00934-00302134-00302376 Foucault and Levy Straus is Pierre
IQb6prvSKDM-00935-00302377-00302442 Bourdieu
IQb6prvSKDM-00936-00302443-00302706 who trained formally in philosophy and
IQb6prvSKDM-00937-00302707-00302976 sociology and eventually held the chair
IQb6prvSKDM-00938-00302977-00303287 of sociology at the collège de France
IQb6prvSKDM-00939-00303288-00303624 like mouse and others before him he
IQb6prvSKDM-00940-00303625-00303918 worked on topics both in sociology and
IQb6prvSKDM-00941-00303919-00304284 anthropology his fieldwork among the
IQb6prvSKDM-00942-00304285-00304587 Cabell of Algeria places him solidly in
IQb6prvSKDM-00943-00304588-00304752 anthropology while
IQb6prvSKDM-00944-00304753-00304950 his analysis of the function and
IQb6prvSKDM-00945-00304951-00305190 reproduction of fashion and cultural
IQb6prvSKDM-00946-00305191-00305517 capital in European societies places him
IQb6prvSKDM-00947-00305518-00306245 as solidly in sociology
IQb6prvSKDM-00948-00306246-00306884 topic United States
IQb6prvSKDM-00949-00306885-00307175 from its beginnings in the early 19th
IQb6prvSKDM-00950-00307176-00307498 century through the early 20th century
IQb6prvSKDM-00951-00307499-00307775 anthropology in the United States was
IQb6prvSKDM-00952-00307776-00308006 influenced by the presence of Native
IQb6prvSKDM-00953-00308007-00308489 American societies cultural anthropology
IQb6prvSKDM-00954-00308490-00308744 in the United States was influenced
IQb6prvSKDM-00955-00308745-00308984 greatly by the ready availability of
IQb6prvSKDM-00956-00308985-00309212 Native American societies as
IQb6prvSKDM-00957-00309213-00309590 ethnographic subjects the field was
IQb6prvSKDM-00958-00309591-00309854 pioneered by staff of the Bureau of
IQb6prvSKDM-00959-00309855-00310082 Indian Affairs and the Smithsonian
IQb6prvSKDM-00960-00310083-00310322 Institution's Bureau of American
IQb6prvSKDM-00961-00310323-00310628 ethnology men such as John Wesley Powell
IQb6prvSKDM-00962-00310629-00311078 and Frank Hamilton Cushing late 18th
IQb6prvSKDM-00963-00311079-00311333 century ethnology established the
IQb6prvSKDM-00964-00311334-00311576 scientific foundation for the field
IQb6prvSKDM-00965-00311577-00311843 which began to mature in the United
IQb6prvSKDM-00966-00311844-00312107 States during the presidency of Andrew
IQb6prvSKDM-00967-00312108-00312686 Jackson 1829 to 1837 Jackson was
IQb6prvSKDM-00968-00312687-00312950 responsible for implementing the Indian
IQb6prvSKDM-00969-00312951-00313208 Removal Act the coerced and forced
IQb6prvSKDM-00970-00313209-00313583 removal of an estimated 100,000 American
IQb6prvSKDM-00971-00313584-00313889 Indians during the 1830s to Indian
IQb6prvSKDM-00972-00313890-00314183 Territory in present-day Oklahoma for
IQb6prvSKDM-00973-00314184-00314444 ensuring that the franchise was extended
IQb6prvSKDM-00974-00314445-00314672 to all white men irrespective of
IQb6prvSKDM-00975-00314673-00314966 financial means while denying virtually
IQb6prvSKDM-00976-00314967-00315248 all black men the right to vote and for
IQb6prvSKDM-00977-00315249-00315494 suppressing abolitionists efforts to end
IQb6prvSKDM-00978-00315495-00315751 slavery while vigorously defending that
IQb6prvSKDM-00979-00315752-00316172 institution finally he was responsible
IQb6prvSKDM-00980-00316173-00316430 for appointing Chief Justice Roger B
IQb6prvSKDM-00981-00316431-00316720 Taney who would decide in Scott v
IQb6prvSKDM-00982-00316721-00317225 Sanford 1857 that Negroes were beings of
IQb6prvSKDM-00983-00317226-00317555 an inferior order and altogether unfit
IQb6prvSKDM-00984-00317556-00318003 to associate with the white race
IQb6prvSKDM-00985-00318004-00318313 and so far inferior that they had no
IQb6prvSKDM-00986-00318314-00318576 rights which the white man was bound to
IQb6prvSKDM-00987-00318577-00318688 respect
IQb6prvSKDM-00988-00318689-00319087 as a result of this decision black
IQb6prvSKDM-00989-00319088-00319371 people whether free or enslaved could
IQb6prvSKDM-00990-00319372-00319608 never become citizens of the United
IQb6prvSKDM-00991-00319609-00319807 States
IQb6prvSKDM-00992-00319808-00320026 it was in this context that the
IQb6prvSKDM-00993-00320027-00320217 so-called American School of
IQb6prvSKDM-00994-00320218-00320482 Anthropology thrived as the champion of
IQb6prvSKDM-00995-00320483-00320755 polygon ISM or the doctrine of multiple
IQb6prvSKDM-00996-00320756-00321103 origins sparking a debate between those
IQb6prvSKDM-00997-00321104-00321370 influenced by the Bible who believed in
IQb6prvSKDM-00998-00321371-00321619 the unity of humanity and those who
IQb6prvSKDM-00999-00321620-00321907 argued from a scientific standpoint for
IQb6prvSKDM-01000-00321908-00322117 the plurality of origins and the
IQb6prvSKDM-01001-00322118-00322477 antiquity of distinct types like the
IQb6prvSKDM-01002-00322478-00322741 mono Janice --ts these theories were not
IQb6prvSKDM-01003-00322742-00322993 monolithic and often used words like
IQb6prvSKDM-01004-00322994-00323362 races species hybrid and mongrel
IQb6prvSKDM-01005-00323363-00323773 interchangeably a scientific consensus
IQb6prvSKDM-01006-00323774-00324091 began to emerge during this period that
IQb6prvSKDM-01007-00324092-00324472 there exists a genus homo embracing many
IQb6prvSKDM-01008-00324473-00324973 primordial types of species Charles
IQb6prvSKDM-01009-00324974-00325072 Caldwell
IQb6prvSKDM-01010-00325073-00325429 Samuel George Morton Samuel a Cartwright
IQb6prvSKDM-01011-00325430-00325795 George Glidden Josiah C naught and Louis
IQb6prvSKDM-01012-00325796-00326080 Agassiz and even South Carolina Governor
IQb6prvSKDM-01013-00326081-00326392 James Henry Hammond were all influential
IQb6prvSKDM-01014-00326393-00326719 proponents of this school while some
IQb6prvSKDM-01015-00326720-00327001 were disinterested scientists others
IQb6prvSKDM-01016-00327002-00327223 were passionate advocates who used
IQb6prvSKDM-01017-00327224-00327499 science to promote slavery in a period
IQb6prvSKDM-01018-00327500-00327883 of increasing sectional strife all were
IQb6prvSKDM-01019-00327884-00328138 complicit in establishing the putative
IQb6prvSKDM-01020-00328139-00328468 science that justified slavery informed
IQb6prvSKDM-01021-00328469-00328702 the Dred Scott decision underpinned
IQb6prvSKDM-01022-00328703-00328993 miscegenation laws and eventually fueled
IQb6prvSKDM-01023-00328994-00329473 Jim Crow Samuel G Morton for example
IQb6prvSKDM-01024-00329474-00329758 claimed to be just a scientist but he
IQb6prvSKDM-01025-00329759-00330007 did not hesitate to provide evidence of
IQb6prvSKDM-01026-00330008-00330370 Negro inferiority to John C Calhoun the
IQb6prvSKDM-01027-00330371-00330667 prominent pro-slavery secretary of state
IQb6prvSKDM-01028-00330668-00330949 to help him negotiate the annexation of
IQb6prvSKDM-01029-00330950-00331260 Texas as a slave state
IQb6prvSKDM-01030-00331261-00331533 the high-water mark of polygenic
IQb6prvSKDM-01031-00331534-00331794 theories was Josiah not in glidden's
IQb6prvSKDM-01032-00331795-00332169 voluminous 800-page tome titled types of
IQb6prvSKDM-01033-00332170-00332673 mankind published in 1854 reproducing
IQb6prvSKDM-01034-00332674-00332916 the work of Louis Agassiz and Samuel
IQb6prvSKDM-01035-00332917-00333183 Morton the authors spread the virulent
IQb6prvSKDM-01036-00333184-00333471 and explicitly racist views to a wider
IQb6prvSKDM-01037-00333472-00333915 more popular audience the first printing
IQb6prvSKDM-01038-00333916-00334167 sold out quickly and by the end of the
IQb6prvSKDM-01039-00334168-00334496 century it had undergone nine editions
IQb6prvSKDM-01040-00334497-00334785 although many southerners felt that all
IQb6prvSKDM-01041-00334786-00335025 the justification for slavery they
IQb6prvSKDM-01042-00335026-00335286 needed was found in the Bible others
IQb6prvSKDM-01043-00335287-00335541 used the new science to defend slavery
IQb6prvSKDM-01044-00335542-00335933 and the repression of American Indians
IQb6prvSKDM-01045-00335934-00336219 abolitionists however felt they had to
IQb6prvSKDM-01046-00336220-00336471 take this science on its own terms
IQb6prvSKDM-01047-00336472-00336870 and for the first time African American
IQb6prvSKDM-01048-00336871-00337137 intellectuals waded into the contentious
IQb6prvSKDM-01049-00337138-00337533 debate in the immediate wake of types of
IQb6prvSKDM-01050-00337534-00337800 mankind and during the pitched political
IQb6prvSKDM-01051-00337801-00338094 battles that led to civil war Frederick
IQb6prvSKDM-01052-00338095-00338571 Douglass 1818 to 1895 the statesman and
IQb6prvSKDM-01053-00338572-00338820 persuasive abolitionist directly
IQb6prvSKDM-01054-00338821-00339015 attacked the leading theorists of the
IQb6prvSKDM-01055-00339016-00339348 American school of anthropology
IQb6prvSKDM-01056-00339349-00339774 in an 1854 address entitled the claims
IQb6prvSKDM-01057-00339775-00340124 of the Negro ethnological II considered
IQb6prvSKDM-01058-00340125-00340479 Douglass argued that by making the
IQb6prvSKDM-01059-00340480-00340719 enslaved a character fit only for
IQb6prvSKDM-01060-00340720-00341052 slavery slave owners excused themselves
IQb6prvSKDM-01061-00341053-00341328 for refusing to make the slave of
IQb6prvSKDM-01062-00341329-00341574 Freeman
IQb6prvSKDM-01063-00341575-00341883 for let it be once granted that the
IQb6prvSKDM-01064-00341884-00342206 human race or of multitudinous origin
IQb6prvSKDM-01065-00342207-00342453 naturally different in their moral
IQb6prvSKDM-01066-00342454-00342984 physical and intellectual capacities
IQb6prvSKDM-01067-00342985-00343278 a chance is left for slavery as a
IQb6prvSKDM-01068-00343279-00343688 necessary institution
IQb6prvSKDM-01069-00343689-00344066 there is no doubt that messes not
IQb6prvSKDM-01070-00344067-00344438 Glidden Morton Smith and Agassi were
IQb6prvSKDM-01071-00344439-00344695 duly consulted by our slavery
IQb6prvSKDM-01072-00344696-00345770 propagating statesman P 287
IQb6prvSKDM-01073-00345771-00346190 topic Lewis Henry Morgan in the United
IQb6prvSKDM-01074-00346191-00346617 States
IQb6prvSKDM-01075-00346618-00347112 Lewis Henry Morgan 1818 to 1881 a lawyer
IQb6prvSKDM-01076-00347113-00347373 from Rochester New York became an
IQb6prvSKDM-01077-00347374-00347622 advocate for an ethnological scholar of
IQb6prvSKDM-01078-00347623-00348024 the Iroquois his comparative analyses of
IQb6prvSKDM-01079-00348025-00348357 religion government material culture and
IQb6prvSKDM-01080-00348358-00348632 especially kinship patents proved to be
IQb6prvSKDM-01081-00348633-00348903 influential contributions to the field
IQb6prvSKDM-01082-00348904-00349275 of anthropology like other scholars of
IQb6prvSKDM-01083-00349276-00349575 his day such as Edward Tyler Morgan
IQb6prvSKDM-01084-00349576-00349830 argued that human societies could be
IQb6prvSKDM-01085-00349831-00350106 classified into categories of cultural
IQb6prvSKDM-01086-00350107-00350364 evolution on a scale of progression that
IQb6prvSKDM-01087-00350365-00350684 ranged from savagery to barbarism to
IQb6prvSKDM-01088-00350685-00351036 civilization he focused on understanding
IQb6prvSKDM-01089-00351037-00351390 how cultures integrated and systematized
IQb6prvSKDM-01090-00351391-00351648 and how the various features of one
IQb6prvSKDM-01091-00351649-00351954 culture indicate an evolutionary status
IQb6prvSKDM-01092-00351955-00352217 in comparison with other cultures
IQb6prvSKDM-01093-00352218-00352623 generally Morgan used technology such as
IQb6prvSKDM-01094-00352624-00352935 bow making or pottery as an indicator of
IQb6prvSKDM-01095-00352936-00353590 position on this scale
IQb6prvSKDM-01096-00353591-00354173 topic Franz Boas
IQb6prvSKDM-01097-00354174-00354496 Franz Boas established academic
IQb6prvSKDM-01098-00354497-00354767 anthropology in the United States in
IQb6prvSKDM-01099-00354768-00355022 opposition to this sort of evolutionary
IQb6prvSKDM-01100-00355023-00355406 perspective his approach was empirical
IQb6prvSKDM-01101-00355407-00355712 skeptical of over generalizations and
IQb6prvSKDM-01102-00355713-00355964 this too de temps to establish universal
IQb6prvSKDM-01103-00355965-00356456 laws for example Boas studied immigrant
IQb6prvSKDM-01104-00356457-00356741 children to demonstrate that biological
IQb6prvSKDM-01105-00356742-00357014 race was not immutable and that human
IQb6prvSKDM-01106-00357015-00357257 conduct and behavior resulted from
IQb6prvSKDM-01107-00357258-00357698 nurture rather than nature influenced by
IQb6prvSKDM-01108-00357699-00357977 the German tradition Boas argued that
IQb6prvSKDM-01109-00357978-00358223 the world was full of distinct cultures
IQb6prvSKDM-01110-00358224-00358475 rather than societies whose evolution
IQb6prvSKDM-01111-00358476-00358727 could be measured by how much or how
IQb6prvSKDM-01112-00358728-00359231 little civilization they had he believed
IQb6prvSKDM-01113-00359232-00359495 that each culture has to be studied in
IQb6prvSKDM-01114-00359496-00359749 its particularity and argued that
IQb6prvSKDM-01115-00359750-00360002 cross-cultural generalizations like
IQb6prvSKDM-01116-00360003-00360299 those made in the Natural Sciences were
IQb6prvSKDM-01117-00360300-00360721 not possible in doing so he fought
IQb6prvSKDM-01118-00360722-00360989 discrimination against immigrants blacks
IQb6prvSKDM-01119-00360990-00361332 and indigenous peoples of the Americas
IQb6prvSKDM-01120-00361333-00361703 many American anthropologists adopted
IQb6prvSKDM-01121-00361704-00361928 his agenda for social reform and
IQb6prvSKDM-01122-00361929-00362200 theories of race continue to be popular
IQb6prvSKDM-01123-00362201-00362606 subjects for anthropologists today the
IQb6prvSKDM-01124-00362607-00363020 so called full-field approach has its
IQb6prvSKDM-01125-00363021-00363307 origins in BO Asian anthropology
IQb6prvSKDM-01126-00363308-00363539 dividing the discipline in the four
IQb6prvSKDM-01127-00363540-00363845 crucial and interrelated fields of socio
IQb6prvSKDM-01128-00363846-00364175 cultural biological linguistic and
IQb6prvSKDM-01129-00364176-00364564 archaic anthropology eg archaeology
IQb6prvSKDM-01130-00364565-00364865 anthropology in the United States
IQb6prvSKDM-01131-00364866-00365147 continues to be deeply influenced by the
IQb6prvSKDM-01132-00365148-00365410 Beaux Asian tradition especially its
IQb6prvSKDM-01133-00365411-00365684 emphasis on culture
IQb6prvSKDM-01134-00365685-00365990 Boas used his positions at Columbia
IQb6prvSKDM-01135-00365991-00366269 University and the American Museum of
IQb6prvSKDM-01136-00366270-00366482 Natural History to train and develop
IQb6prvSKDM-01137-00366483-00366926 multiple generations of students his
IQb6prvSKDM-01138-00366927-00367218 first generation of students included
IQb6prvSKDM-01139-00367219-00367532 Alfred Kroeber Robert Lau e Edward Sapir
IQb6prvSKDM-01140-00367533-00367808 and Ruth Benedict who each produced
IQb6prvSKDM-01141-00367809-00368081 richly detailed studies of indigenous
IQb6prvSKDM-01142-00368082-00368471 North American cultures they provided a
IQb6prvSKDM-01143-00368472-00368718 wealth of details used to attack the
IQb6prvSKDM-01144-00368719-00369076 theory of a single evolutionary process
IQb6prvSKDM-01145-00369077-00369395 Kroeber and SAP here's focus on Native
IQb6prvSKDM-01146-00369396-00369647 American languages helped establish
IQb6prvSKDM-01147-00369648-00369932 linguistics as a truly general science
IQb6prvSKDM-01148-00369933-00370246 and free it from its historical focus on
IQb6prvSKDM-01149-00370247-00370689 indo-european languages the publication
IQb6prvSKDM-01150-00370690-00370812 of Alfred Kroeber
IQb6prvSKDM-01151-00370813-00371112 textbook anthropology marked a turning
IQb6prvSKDM-01152-00371113-00371507 point in American anthropology after
IQb6prvSKDM-01153-00371508-00371804 three decades of amassing material bow
IQb6prvSKDM-01154-00371805-00372130 Asians felt a growing urge to generalize
IQb6prvSKDM-01155-00372131-00372482 this was most obvious in the culture and
IQb6prvSKDM-01156-00372483-00372765 personality studies carried out by
IQb6prvSKDM-01157-00372766-00373038 younger Bou Asians such as Margaret Mead
IQb6prvSKDM-01158-00373039-00373412 and Ruth Benedict influenced by
IQb6prvSKDM-01159-00373413-00373657 psychoanalytic psychologists including
IQb6prvSKDM-01160-00373658-00373958 Sigmund Freud and Carl Jung these
IQb6prvSKDM-01161-00373959-00374187 authors sought to understand the way
IQb6prvSKDM-01162-00374188-00374420 that individual personalities were
IQb6prvSKDM-01163-00374421-00374667 shaped by the wider cultural and social
IQb6prvSKDM-01164-00374668-00375006 forces in which they grew up
IQb6prvSKDM-01165-00375007-00375243 though such works as coming of age in
IQb6prvSKDM-01166-00375244-00375486 Samoa and the chrysanthemum and the
IQb6prvSKDM-01167-00375487-00375693 sword remain popular with the American
IQb6prvSKDM-01168-00375694-00376029 public Meade and Benedict never had the
IQb6prvSKDM-01169-00376030-00376242 impact on the discipline of anthropology
IQb6prvSKDM-01170-00376243-00376683 that some expected boas had planned for
IQb6prvSKDM-01171-00376684-00376956 Ruth Benedict to succeed him as chair of
IQb6prvSKDM-01172-00376957-00377253 Columbia's anthropology department but
IQb6prvSKDM-01173-00377254-00377526 she was sidelined by Ralph Linton and
IQb6prvSKDM-01174-00377527-00377772 Mead was limited to her offices at the
IQb6prvSKDM-01175-00377773-00378422 AMNH
IQb6prvSKDM-01176-00378423-00379069 topic other countries
IQb6prvSKDM-01177-00379070-00379325 anthropology as it emerged amongst the
IQb6prvSKDM-01178-00379326-00379613 Western colonial powers mentioned above
IQb6prvSKDM-01179-00379614-00379862 has generally taken a different path
IQb6prvSKDM-01180-00379863-00380066 than that in the countries of southern
IQb6prvSKDM-01181-00380067-00380387 and Central Europe Italy Greece and the
IQb6prvSKDM-01182-00380388-00380654 successors to the austro-hungarian and
IQb6prvSKDM-01183-00380655-00381014 Ottoman empires in the former the
IQb6prvSKDM-01184-00381015-00381269 encounter with multiple distinct
IQb6prvSKDM-01185-00381270-00381520 cultures often very different in
IQb6prvSKDM-01186-00381521-00381770 organization and language from those of
IQb6prvSKDM-01187-00381771-00382061 Europe has led to a continuing emphasis
IQb6prvSKDM-01188-00382062-00382322 on cross-cultural comparison and a
IQb6prvSKDM-01189-00382323-00382562 receptiveness to certain kinds of
IQb6prvSKDM-01190-00382563-00382826 cultural relativism in the successor
IQb6prvSKDM-01191-00382827-00383087 states of continental Europe on the
IQb6prvSKDM-01192-00383088-00383375 other hand anthropologists often joined
IQb6prvSKDM-01193-00383376-00383615 with folklorists and linguists in
IQb6prvSKDM-01194-00383616-00383843 building cultural perspectives on
IQb6prvSKDM-01195-00383844-00384185 nationalism ethnologists in these
IQb6prvSKDM-01196-00384186-00384392 countries tended to focus on
IQb6prvSKDM-01197-00384393-00384599 differentiating among local
IQb6prvSKDM-01198-00384600-00384866 ethno-linguistic groups documenting
IQb6prvSKDM-01199-00384867-00385151 local folk culture and representing the
IQb6prvSKDM-01200-00385152-00385361 prehistory of what has become a nation
IQb6prvSKDM-01201-00385362-00385586 through various forms of public
IQb6prvSKDM-01202-00385587-00385712 education
IQb6prvSKDM-01203-00385713-00386057 eg museums of several kinds in this
IQb6prvSKDM-01204-00386058-00386315 scheme Russia occupied a middle position
IQb6prvSKDM-01205-00386316-00386756 on the one hand it had a large region
IQb6prvSKDM-01206-00386757-00387035 largely east of the Urals of highly
IQb6prvSKDM-01207-00387036-00387302 distinct pre-industrial often non
IQb6prvSKDM-01208-00387303-00387530 literate peoples similar to the
IQb6prvSKDM-01209-00387531-00387887 situation in the Americas on the other
IQb6prvSKDM-01210-00387888-00388211 hand Russia also participated to some
IQb6prvSKDM-01211-00388212-00388454 degree in the nationalist cultural and
IQb6prvSKDM-01212-00388455-00388700 political movements of Central and
IQb6prvSKDM-01213-00388701-00389092 Eastern Europe after the Revolution of
IQb6prvSKDM-01214-00389093-00389483 1917 views expressed by anthropologists
IQb6prvSKDM-01215-00389484-00389798 in the USSR and later the Soviet bloc
IQb6prvSKDM-01216-00389799-00390023 countries were highly shaped by the
IQb6prvSKDM-01217-00390024-00390275 requirement to conform to Marxist
IQb6prvSKDM-01218-00390276-00390560 theories of social evolution in Greece
IQb6prvSKDM-01219-00390561-00390830 there was since the 19th century a
IQb6prvSKDM-01220-00390831-00391046 science of the folklore called lay
IQb6prvSKDM-01221-00391047-00391121 agraphia
IQb6prvSKDM-01222-00391122-00391445 lay or graphy in the form of a science
IQb6prvSKDM-01223-00391446-00391739 of the interior although theoretically
IQb6prvSKDM-01224-00391740-00392054 week but the connotation of the field
IQb6prvSKDM-01225-00392055-00392366 deeply changed after World War two
IQb6prvSKDM-01226-00392367-00392575 when a wave of anglo-american
IQb6prvSKDM-01227-00392576-00392852 anthropologists introduced a science of
IQb6prvSKDM-01228-00392853-00393293 the outside in Italy the development of
IQb6prvSKDM-01229-00393294-00393566 ethnology and related studies did not
IQb6prvSKDM-01230-00393567-00393776 receive as much attention as other
IQb6prvSKDM-01231-00393777-00393988 branches of learning but nonetheless
IQb6prvSKDM-01232-00393989-00394265 included important researchers and
IQb6prvSKDM-01233-00394266-00394585 thinkers like anise toda Martino Germany
IQb6prvSKDM-01234-00394586-00394793 and Norway of the countries that showed
IQb6prvSKDM-01235-00394794-00395021 the most division and conflict between
IQb6prvSKDM-01236-00395022-00395302 scholars focusing on domestic
IQb6prvSKDM-01237-00395303-00395522 socio-cultural issues and scholars
IQb6prvSKDM-01238-00395523-00396026 focusing on other societies some German
IQb6prvSKDM-01239-00396027-00396248 and Austrian scholars have increased
IQb6prvSKDM-01240-00396249-00396532 cultural anthropology as both legal and
IQb6prvSKDM-01241-00396533-00396823 through Paula G regarding other
IQb6prvSKDM-01242-00396824-00397141 societies and anthropology of Western
IQb6prvSKDM-01243-00397142-00397423 civilization the development of world
IQb6prvSKDM-01244-00397424-00397651 Anthropologie's has followed different
IQb6prvSKDM-01245-00397652-00398322 trajectories
IQb6prvSKDM-01246-00398323-00399087 topic 20th century developments
IQb6prvSKDM-01247-00399088-00399414 in the mid 20th century American
IQb6prvSKDM-01248-00399415-00399663 anthropology began to study its own
IQb6prvSKDM-01249-00399664-00400161 history more systematically in 1967
IQb6prvSKDM-01250-00400162-00400434 Marvin Harris published his the rise of
IQb6prvSKDM-01251-00400435-00400689 anthropological theory presenting
IQb6prvSKDM-01252-00400690-00400907 argumentative examinations of
IQb6prvSKDM-01253-00400908-00401190 anthropology's historical developments
IQb6prvSKDM-01254-00401191-00401529 and George W Stocking jr. established
IQb6prvSKDM-01255-00401530-00401787 the historicist school examining the
IQb6prvSKDM-01256-00401788-00402053 historical contexts of anthropological
IQb6prvSKDM-01257-00402054-00402707 movements
IQb6prvSKDM-01258-00402708-00403308 topic see also
IQb6prvSKDM-01259-00403309-00403773 list of anthropologists musée de l'homme
IQb6prvSKDM-01260-00403774-00404151 founded by Paul rivet
IRzK0KP84y8-00000-00000048-00000275 yeah I like it uh the concept of the
IRzK0KP84y8-00001-00000276-00000515 hero is always a little bit exciting but
IRzK0KP84y8-00002-00000516-00000724 um I would like to see maybe in the next
IRzK0KP84y8-00003-00000725-00001091 patch being able to go for another build
IRzK0KP84y8-00004-00001092-00001354 than what we've seen constantly from
IRzK0KP84y8-00005-00001355-00001577 Primal Beast which is quite literally
IRzK0KP84y8-00006-00001578-00001702 just
IRzK0KP84y8-00007-00001703-00002014 uh bkb first item
IRzK0KP84y8-00008-00002016-00002273 we've I mean
IRzK0KP84y8-00009-00002274-00002452 you need to hit the timings if you don't
IRzK0KP84y8-00010-00002453-00002668 have a bkb you're gonna get to disabled
IRzK0KP84y8-00011-00002669-00002855 we've seen some blink dagger pickups
IRzK0KP84y8-00012-00002856-00003160 from Primal Beast because you can
IRzK0KP84y8-00013-00003161-00003443 use blinking pulverized and Onslaught
IRzK0KP84y8-00014-00003444-00003635 it's like five seconds done pretty much
IRzK0KP84y8-00015-00003636-00003820 and then if you get to the academy
IRzK0KP84y8-00016-00003821-00004079 sector as well sorry The Shard you you
IRzK0KP84y8-00017-00004079-00004354 throw the Rock and get another
IRzK0KP84y8-00018-00004355-00004583 stand duration almost two full seconds
IRzK0KP84y8-00019-00004584-00004925 so like 6.5 second duration stun that
IRzK0KP84y8-00020-00004926-00005129 you can do with this hero is pretty nuts
IRzK0KP84y8-00021-00005130-00005477 uh look at the lineup from knights
IRzK0KP84y8-00022-00005478-00005747 they have a lot of damage reduction you
IRzK0KP84y8-00023-00005748-00005902 have this angle here with the shield
IRzK0KP84y8-00024-00005903-00006191 crash fade Bolt the breed fire which is
IRzK0KP84y8-00025-00006192-00006329 going to be very effective against the
IRzK0KP84y8-00026-00006330-00006659 morph link against Primal uh
IRzK0KP84y8-00027-00006659-00007037 not as much but uh
IRzK0KP84y8-00028-00007038-00007259 and it's gonna get rude like good
IRzK0KP84y8-00029-00007259-00007463 against broodmother and the Brew those
IRzK0KP84y8-00030-00007464-00007698 uh spiderlings so
IRzK0KP84y8-00031-00007700-00007996 let's see how this game kind of expands
IRzK0KP84y8-00032-00007997-00008219 AS nights they've been playing really
IRzK0KP84y8-00033-00008220-00008471 well up to this point and for the side
IRzK0KP84y8-00034-00008472-00008824 of ehome it's been about 50 50 for them
IRzK0KP84y8-00035-00008825-00009024 so far they're sitting three and three
IRzK0KP84y8-00036-00009025-00009389 but Knights have a chance to take a win
IRzK0KP84y8-00037-00009390-00009605 here and potentially end up
IRzK0KP84y8-00038-00009606-00009959 in a top-end tiebreaker if uh later in
IRzK0KP84y8-00039-00009960-00010217 the season lgd beatsaster
IRzK0KP84y8-00040-00010218-00010517 yeah I don't think many people expected
IRzK0KP84y8-00041-00010518-00010739 them to do as good but they already
IRzK0KP84y8-00042-00010740-00011063 secure their major slots so now there's
IRzK0KP84y8-00043-00011064-00011333 no pressure on them whatsoever look at
IRzK0KP84y8-00044-00011334-00011483 them playing very aggressive on this
IRzK0KP84y8-00045-00011484-00011687 morphing immediately fly by starting
IRzK0KP84y8-00046-00011688-00012017 with dragon tail Felix with the fade
IRzK0KP84y8-00047-00012018-00012233 Vault we talked about it multiple times
IRzK0KP84y8-00048-00012234-00012460 already how these position 4 Rubik's
IRzK0KP84y8-00049-00012461-00012701 since China started first they were very
IRzK0KP84y8-00050-00012702-00013024 impressive in terms of what they do with
IRzK0KP84y8-00051-00013025-00013241 the hero
IRzK0KP84y8-00052-00013241-00013444 we've seen some great performances from
IRzK0KP84y8-00053-00013445-00013685 Felix on this hero as well
IRzK0KP84y8-00054-00013686-00013877 um I think he was the initial standout
IRzK0KP84y8-00055-00013878-00014513 that we saw from the Chinese region
IRzK0KP84y8-00056-00014513-00014747 um but it's felt
IRzK0KP84y8-00057-00014747-00015185 kind of like this hero is
IRzK0KP84y8-00058-00015186-00015497 a a full Global hit but more so in China
IRzK0KP84y8-00059-00015497-00015730 it feels like it's a big region it's the
IRzK0KP84y8-00060-00015731-00015958 most big hero like it does so many
IRzK0KP84y8-00061-00015959-00016258 things uh save uh scales really well
IRzK0KP84y8-00062-00016259-00016511 into the late game you have a stun
IRzK0KP84y8-00063-00016512-00016744 damage reduction there's like the cast
IRzK0KP84y8-00064-00016745-00017057 range on four staff increased it's just
IRzK0KP84y8-00065-00017058-00017357 like a lot of things make sense for
IRzK0KP84y8-00066-00017358-00017567 Rubik he's damaged like he's trading in
IRzK0KP84y8-00067-00017568-00017813 the lane is uh really nice most of the
IRzK0KP84y8-00068-00017814-00018091 heroes can't really trade against you LW
IRzK0KP84y8-00069-00018092-00018353 trying to get this
IRzK0KP84y8-00070-00018354-00018617 Camp stack on the top Lane but Felix
IRzK0KP84y8-00071-00018618-00018821 will body block it
IRzK0KP84y8-00072-00018822-00019049 all right so good job moving over and uh
IRzK0KP84y8-00073-00019050-00019343 lww doing disruptive things
IRzK0KP84y8-00074-00019344-00019600 just uh constantly throwing out Thunder
IRzK0KP84y8-00075-00019601-00019822 strikes it has another mango to throw
IRzK0KP84y8-00076-00019823-00019997 another one when you be
IRzK0KP84y8-00077-00019998-00020327 five eyes on this offlane last pick DK
IRzK0KP84y8-00078-00020328-00020579 we have seen this hero in all three core
IRzK0KP84y8-00079-00020580-00020800 roles at some point throughout the dpz a
IRzK0KP84y8-00080-00020801-00021071 salad he's gonna drop here to xcj who
IRzK0KP84y8-00081-00021072-00021221 just hit that level two so he's got
IRzK0KP84y8-00082-00021222-00021419 himself that Crystal Nova interesting
IRzK0KP84y8-00083-00021420-00021611 build from ego he decided to pick up
IRzK0KP84y8-00084-00021612-00021958 Orba Venom on Naga siren I haven't seen
IRzK0KP84y8-00085-00021959-00022319 this being popular at all but the slain
IRzK0KP84y8-00086-00022320-00022535 with Crystal Maiden with Crystal Noah
IRzK0KP84y8-00087-00022536-00022847 extra slow like Lion even with boots of
IRzK0KP84y8-00088-00022848-00023039 speed they are managing to outrun him
IRzK0KP84y8-00089-00023040-00023328 with this extra slow for more but Venom
IRzK0KP84y8-00090-00023329-00023572 Salu will return a lane and then block
IRzK0KP84y8-00091-00023573-00024053 the uh radiant Camp there so see if they
IRzK0KP84y8-00092-00024054-00024394 recognize that early on enough
IRzK0KP84y8-00093-00024395-00024736 her Spike but Zhao Yu he's just throwing
IRzK0KP84y8-00094-00024737-00024917 damage back and forth with ego and we
IRzK0KP84y8-00095-00024918-00025217 have seen some very solid performances
IRzK0KP84y8-00096-00025218-00025547 from ego throughout the season and
IRzK0KP84y8-00097-00025548-00025793 he looks pretty stable like in terms of
IRzK0KP84y8-00098-00025794-00026008 what he does when he's playing this
IRzK0KP84y8-00099-00026010-00026183 scary like you know that he's gonna
IRzK0KP84y8-00100-00026183-00026374 deliver uh one thing that we didn't
IRzK0KP84y8-00101-00026375-00026749 mention is this lion pickup against
IRzK0KP84y8-00102-00026750-00026999 nagasarin and the Illusions where you
IRzK0KP84y8-00103-00027000-00027179 have a Mana drained to kill the
IRzK0KP84y8-00104-00027180-00027473 Illusions instantly same goes for hex
IRzK0KP84y8-00105-00027474-00027802 looks good in theory but in practice uh
IRzK0KP84y8-00106-00027804-00028043 sometimes it's a bit too difficult and
IRzK0KP84y8-00107-00028044-00028252 then you get a Shard you affect up to
IRzK0KP84y8-00108-00028254-00028474 two additional enemies you become a
IRzK0KP84y8-00109-00028475-00028696 spell immune
IRzK0KP84y8-00110-00028697-00028979 I'll show you yeah this is a disaster
IRzK0KP84y8-00111-00028980-00029152 here in the bottom Lane
IRzK0KP84y8-00112-00029154-00029411 and going really well for ego and just a
IRzK0KP84y8-00113-00029412-00029746 talk back about ego after we see lww die
IRzK0KP84y8-00114-00029747-00030005 here making it three nothing for night
IRzK0KP84y8-00115-00030006-00030214 you know it's been a long road for him
IRzK0KP84y8-00116-00030216-00030437 in his career where he used to play for
IRzK0KP84y8-00117-00030438-00030640 ehome he had that time where he played
IRzK0KP84y8-00118-00030641-00031007 with ASD and that was a good time where
IRzK0KP84y8-00119-00031008-00031258 that e-home lineup felt like it was
IRzK0KP84y8-00120-00031260-00031452 probably one of the strongest in China
IRzK0KP84y8-00121-00031454-00031774 and then it was a bit of a rocky road as
IRzK0KP84y8-00122-00031775-00031955 he left the team for personal reasons
IRzK0KP84y8-00123-00031956-00032117 and and
IRzK0KP84y8-00124-00032118-00032357 been a slow recovery of a career for him
IRzK0KP84y8-00125-00032358-00032567 where he had come back and and now has
IRzK0KP84y8-00126-00032568-00032740 found himself in a pretty nice spot with
IRzK0KP84y8-00127-00032741-00032945 this night's lineup and it's
IRzK0KP84y8-00128-00032946-00033185 it's nice to see that you can bounce
IRzK0KP84y8-00129-00033186-00033539 back right yeah we see that the I think
IRzK0KP84y8-00130-00033540-00033731 a lot of the times in Europe as well
IRzK0KP84y8-00131-00033732-00033995 where like certain players did have a
IRzK0KP84y8-00132-00033996-00034217 rough time but they did manage to come
IRzK0KP84y8-00133-00034218-00034402 back into the scene and like win some
IRzK0KP84y8-00134-00034403-00034643 big tournaments like even uh even when
IRzK0KP84y8-00135-00034644-00034793 TI's
IRzK0KP84y8-00136-00034794-00035140 yeah so it is nice to see him kind of
IRzK0KP84y8-00137-00035141-00035381 make this return here is you know back
IRzK0KP84y8-00138-00035382-00035596 when he was playing with that ehome
IRzK0KP84y8-00139-00035597-00035981 roster it it was him being called the
IRzK0KP84y8-00140-00035982-00036257 up-and-comer uh they had won the
IRzK0KP84y8-00141-00036258-00036473 Bucharest Miner they had gone to the CQ
IRzK0KP84y8-00142-00036474-00036671 major from there
IRzK0KP84y8-00143-00036672-00036809 things looked like they were on the
IRzK0KP84y8-00144-00036810-00037001 right path and it seems he's finally
IRzK0KP84y8-00145-00037002-00037481 gotten back on that that road once again
IRzK0KP84y8-00146-00037482-00037696 go fly by up towards top going up
IRzK0KP84y8-00147-00037697-00037901 against MKS this should be a pretty uh
IRzK0KP84y8-00148-00037902-00038207 safe DK Lane for now unless they do have
IRzK0KP84y8-00149-00038208-00038507 very limited amounts of damage disruptor
IRzK0KP84y8-00150-00038508-00038801 one thunder strike definitely not enough
IRzK0KP84y8-00151-00038802-00039071 to kill him so if Primal Beast decides
IRzK0KP84y8-00152-00039072-00039185 to rotate
IRzK0KP84y8-00153-00039186-00039418 that's gonna be a kill threat on flyby
IRzK0KP84y8-00154-00039419-00039640 other than that he should be fine like
IRzK0KP84y8-00155-00039641-00039851 we've seen Dragonites do extremely well
IRzK0KP84y8-00156-00039852-00040085 this looks like a
IRzK0KP84y8-00157-00040086-00040318 situational pick at least it looked like
IRzK0KP84y8-00158-00040319-00040523 it but I don't think it is like this
IRzK0KP84y8-00159-00040524-00040787 hero if you ban certain Heroes that he
IRzK0KP84y8-00160-00040788-00041033 doesn't like to play and an earth Spike
IRzK0KP84y8-00161-00041034-00041302 just an easy kill no acrity
IRzK0KP84y8-00162-00041303-00041435 you have to go back to Dragon like
IRzK0KP84y8-00163-00041436-00041680 certain matchups against him never mind
IRzK0KP84y8-00164-00041681-00041927 early points in net from ego will get
IRzK0KP84y8-00165-00041928-00042124 them another kill oh this is big
IRzK0KP84y8-00166-00042125-00042395 shutting down brood mother the hero is
IRzK0KP84y8-00167-00042396-00042659 supposed to win the laning stage uh so
IRzK0KP84y8-00168-00042660-00042905 this means that nagascar can stay in the
IRzK0KP84y8-00169-00042906-00043211 lane for a longer duration and not care
IRzK0KP84y8-00170-00043212-00043355 about the brute mother's push because
IRzK0KP84y8-00171-00043356-00043505 you will get the levels you will have
IRzK0KP84y8-00172-00043506-00043987 this Mirror Image maxed out next
IRzK0KP84y8-00173-00043988-00044368 fighting salad just 1v1 and well he's
IRzK0KP84y8-00174-00044369-00044705 gonna have a plus one in alacrity
IRzK0KP84y8-00175-00044706-00045029 get the kill there on the salad
IRzK0KP84y8-00176-00045030-00045299 so xcj on a killing spree already is a
IRzK0KP84y8-00177-00045300-00045430 crystal me we've seen some Crystal
IRzK0KP84y8-00178-00045431-00045707 mating games where somehow they they
IRzK0KP84y8-00179-00045708-00045865 start the first 10 minutes with like
IRzK0KP84y8-00180-00045866-00046096 somehow they use crystal low at the
IRzK0KP84y8-00181-00046097-00046468 steal to kill somehow it's like Oracle
IRzK0KP84y8-00182-00046469-00046612 with the level two in the purifying
IRzK0KP84y8-00183-00046613-00046907 Point yeah sorry had to do it
IRzK0KP84y8-00184-00046908-00047243 so check that this brood mother Xiao you
IRzK0KP84y8-00185-00047244-00047435 shows up again when he's not close to
IRzK0KP84y8-00186-00047436-00047639 the tower that's definitely a threat
IRzK0KP84y8-00187-00047640-00047740 kill again
IRzK0KP84y8-00188-00047741-00048011 mid lane salad rotating one more time
IRzK0KP84y8-00189-00048012-00048227 yeah he's got another kill on alacrity
IRzK0KP84y8-00190-00048228-00048412 that's a little bit of Revenge for salad
IRzK0KP84y8-00191-00048413-00048629 as he tp'd over mid it's Crystal
IRzK0KP84y8-00192-00048630-00048808 maiden's fault if she didn't kill lion
IRzK0KP84y8-00193-00048809-00049157 he would definitely not DP mid
IRzK0KP84y8-00194-00049158-00049318 it's like yesterday when they went for
IRzK0KP84y8-00195-00049319-00049558 the specter who was forced to use haunt
IRzK0KP84y8-00196-00049559-00049762 and got a Kill
IRzK0KP84y8-00197-00049763-00049990 because of that and uh well
IRzK0KP84y8-00198-00049991-00050165 see what they could do with the Primal
IRzK0KP84y8-00199-00050166-00050380 Beast to kind of keep the ball rolling
IRzK0KP84y8-00200-00050381-00050561 throw a Sentry down thinking that there
IRzK0KP84y8-00201-00050562-00050873 must be OBS vision and there is Vision
IRzK0KP84y8-00202-00050874-00051052 on the other side of the river
IRzK0KP84y8-00203-00051053-00051251 just won't catch it
IRzK0KP84y8-00204-00051252-00051473 telekinesis
IRzK0KP84y8-00205-00051474-00051749 frostbite Crystal Nova damage onto salad
IRzK0KP84y8-00206-00051750-00052013 but not enough damage and knights shown
IRzK0KP84y8-00207-00052014-00052288 up back towards mid
IRzK0KP84y8-00208-00052289-00052504 if that pangos DP came in a second
IRzK0KP84y8-00209-00052505-00052738 earlier would be able to swashbuckle
IRzK0KP84y8-00210-00052739-00052985 probably secure the kill and this is
IRzK0KP84y8-00211-00052986-00053141 something that we mentioned this Naga
IRzK0KP84y8-00212-00053141-00053291 siren is now level
IRzK0KP84y8-00213-00053291-00053566 almost level seven real mother just hit
IRzK0KP84y8-00214-00053567-00053753 level six so she can stay in this Lane
IRzK0KP84y8-00215-00053754-00054011 like uh Primal Beast we talked about him
IRzK0KP84y8-00216-00054012-00054238 being active so far he's been involved
IRzK0KP84y8-00217-00054239-00054437 in two kills but those kills came to his
IRzK0KP84y8-00218-00054438-00054682 Lane xcj needs to run from these
IRzK0KP84y8-00219-00054683-00054844 spiderlings the damage coming in from
IRzK0KP84y8-00220-00054845-00055025 these Illusions though from ego and
IRzK0KP84y8-00221-00055026-00055342 himself the chase is on xcj he's got a
IRzK0KP84y8-00222-00055344-00055541 frostbite into Crystal Nova if they can
IRzK0KP84y8-00223-00055541-00055900 find Xiao you and they see him so this
IRzK0KP84y8-00224-00055901-00056165 will be a dead brood mother once again I
IRzK0KP84y8-00225-00056166-00056375 hacking love brewed mother and tree and
IRzK0KP84y8-00226-00056376-00056626 protector because they could just sit
IRzK0KP84y8-00227-00056627-00056969 inside the trees other Heroes can follow
IRzK0KP84y8-00228-00056970-00057244 excellent mechanic
IRzK0KP84y8-00229-00057245-00057388 yeah they still were able to get that
IRzK0KP84y8-00230-00057389-00057587 kill though and uh that's a good job
IRzK0KP84y8-00231-00057588-00057821 again here by the crystal Maiden now 4-0
IRzK0KP84y8-00232-00057822-00058144 in one and this is a Naga really getting
IRzK0KP84y8-00233-00058145-00058432 the ball rolling early
IRzK0KP84y8-00234-00058433-00058792 onsought and pig pull with the trample
IRzK0KP84y8-00235-00058794-00059323 flyby with three Heroes up top he's
IRzK0KP84y8-00236-00059324-00059729 a yes no he didn't he shifted everything
IRzK0KP84y8-00237-00059729-00060053 died the Dragonites poisoned damage
IRzK0KP84y8-00238-00060054-00060341 overtime damage from the dragon form oh
IRzK0KP84y8-00239-00060341-00060599 your name's not fly fly what are you
IRzK0KP84y8-00240-00060600-00060797 doing
IRzK0KP84y8-00241-00060798-00061157 you are the chosen one
IRzK0KP84y8-00242-00061158-00061385 oh oh that's that's big that's actually
IRzK0KP84y8-00243-00061386-00061535 huge
IRzK0KP84y8-00244-00061536-00061679 how does that
IRzK0KP84y8-00245-00061679-00062123 it's so many more fun games it's just
IRzK0KP84y8-00246-00062124-00062476 all right Angie Edge like he started
IRzK0KP84y8-00247-00062477-00062741 shifting and it's like oh no I think he
IRzK0KP84y8-00248-00062741-00062932 realized in the end that a mistake he
IRzK0KP84y8-00249-00062933-00063149 was doing
IRzK0KP84y8-00250-00063150-00063397 that mistake has been made
IRzK0KP84y8-00251-00063398-00063821 this Naga siren is massive 5000 net
IRzK0KP84y8-00252-00063822-00064109 worth on the Naga siren level eight now
IRzK0KP84y8-00253-00064110-00064330 like this is what we usually don't see
IRzK0KP84y8-00254-00064332-00064487 she's lurking around the mid lane
IRzK0KP84y8-00255-00064488-00064642 thinking about potentially getting a
IRzK0KP84y8-00256-00064644-00064876 kill it's back CJ
IRzK0KP84y8-00257-00064877-00065176 gets a frostbite but uh well cut the
IRzK0KP84y8-00258-00065177-00065332 creep way for now
IRzK0KP84y8-00259-00065333-00065681 sending the uh the enemy triangle salad
IRzK0KP84y8-00260-00065682-00065938 or Spike doesn't have a point save
IRzK0KP84y8-00261-00065939-00066238 though no surprise and they'll have the
IRzK0KP84y8-00262-00066239-00066521 kinetic field on soft finger ego too far
IRzK0KP84y8-00263-00066522-00066929 but lacrity coming in frostbite xcj will
IRzK0KP84y8-00264-00066930-00067199 get that kill on a salad so every kill
IRzK0KP84y8-00265-00067200-00067571 going to the crystal made it so far
IRzK0KP84y8-00266-00067572-00067756 love to see it
IRzK0KP84y8-00267-00067757-00068005 knife is popping off
IRzK0KP84y8-00268-00068006-00068291 he also found that big ball which is uh
IRzK0KP84y8-00269-00068292-00068494 the best tier one neutral item you can
IRzK0KP84y8-00270-00068495-00068638 find on Primal Beast gives you that
IRzK0KP84y8-00271-00068639-00068825 extra movement speed so you can chase
IRzK0KP84y8-00272-00068826-00069250 people down with trample Alive by now
IRzK0KP84y8-00273-00069251-00069635 why buy as well as Felix here trample as
IRzK0KP84y8-00274-00069636-00069826 Felix has the telekinesis they've got
IRzK0KP84y8-00275-00069827-00070025 the glimps back on a flyby adaptive
IRzK0KP84y8-00276-00070026-00070355 strike Earth Spike so the control it's
IRzK0KP84y8-00277-00070356-00070511 there do they have the damage with the
IRzK0KP84y8-00278-00070512-00070787 pulverize they should and they will
IRzK0KP84y8-00279-00070788-00071099 meanwhile oh ciao you again getting run
IRzK0KP84y8-00280-00071100-00071429 down by alacrity through the trees and
IRzK0KP84y8-00281-00071430-00071650 on the webs trying to TP out but a
IRzK0KP84y8-00282-00071651-00071800 shield crash right on top of the spider
IRzK0KP84y8-00283-00071801-00072113 squashes him some good chunk of gold for
IRzK0KP84y8-00284-00072114-00072323 alacrity he definitely needs it after
IRzK0KP84y8-00285-00072324-00072605 that relatively bad laning stage where
IRzK0KP84y8-00286-00072606-00072863 he got ganked twice and now with that
IRzK0KP84y8-00287-00072864-00073067 gold with this creep wave we'll have
IRzK0KP84y8-00288-00073068-00073211 enough money to buy a full diffuser
IRzK0KP84y8-00289-00073212-00073499 blade so really good timing it's yeah 11
IRzK0KP84y8-00290-00073500-00073775 minutes into the game Mana boots
IRzK0KP84y8-00291-00073776-00073961 and the fuels of late now he can start
IRzK0KP84y8-00292-00073962-00074213 to be more active honestly it's kind of
IRzK0KP84y8-00293-00074214-00074356 crazy you wouldn't even recognize the
IRzK0KP84y8-00294-00074357-00074494 fact that he had two deaths early on
IRzK0KP84y8-00295-00074495-00074656 right oh if you look at the next one
IRzK0KP84y8-00296-00074657-00074782 look like it
IRzK0KP84y8-00297-00074783-00074923 that's it
IRzK0KP84y8-00298-00074924-00075226 goes in the enemy triangle second time
IRzK0KP84y8-00299-00075227-00075515 he just does not give a damn about
IRzK0KP84y8-00300-00075516-00075743 anything level nine
IRzK0KP84y8-00301-00075744-00075953 we'll have that Manta style like 13
IRzK0KP84y8-00302-00075954-00076187 minutes into the game cutting the creep
IRzK0KP84y8-00303-00076188-00076355 waves so this is the kind of confidence
IRzK0KP84y8-00304-00076356-00076594 we saw from ego I and I I know I've
IRzK0KP84y8-00305-00076595-00076732 talked about it already but back with
IRzK0KP84y8-00306-00076733-00077056 ASD on that ehome team like
IRzK0KP84y8-00307-00077057-00077387 he he was just this up and cover I had
IRzK0KP84y8-00308-00077388-00077609 so much confidence Farm the map you love
IRzK0KP84y8-00309-00077610-00077891 to see it
IRzK0KP84y8-00310-00077892-00078131 kind of brings a smile to my face when
IRzK0KP84y8-00311-00078132-00078419 you you get to see something like this
IRzK0KP84y8-00312-00078420-00078635 not to say that these guys on ehome are
IRzK0KP84y8-00313-00078636-00078850 playing poorly at all but you can see
IRzK0KP84y8-00314-00078851-00079079 ego is just dominating with this naga in
IRzK0KP84y8-00315-00079080-00079187 terms of farm
IRzK0KP84y8-00316-00079188-00079523 and he's probably like more fling also
IRzK0KP84y8-00317-00079524-00079799 having a relatively good time but he's
IRzK0KP84y8-00318-00079800-00080076 no Naga siren by any means going into
IRzK0KP84y8-00319-00080077-00080326 Lincoln's here next
IRzK0KP84y8-00320-00080327-00080626 very defensive he wants to be able to
IRzK0KP84y8-00321-00080627-00080941 protect himself himself against the
IRzK0KP84y8-00322-00080942-00081305 instant Dragonite stun Rubik left like
IRzK0KP84y8-00323-00081306-00081515 even the frostbite could cause some
IRzK0KP84y8-00324-00081516-00081647 issues so
IRzK0KP84y8-00325-00081648-00081821 good pickup it takes a lot of time for
IRzK0KP84y8-00326-00081822-00082055 morphing to come online with this type
IRzK0KP84y8-00327-00082056-00082223 of an item build compared to like Dragon
IRzK0KP84y8-00328-00082224-00082529 land's mask or just a falcon blade and
IRzK0KP84y8-00329-00082530-00082932 now Knights they are smoke the lacrity
IRzK0KP84y8-00330-00082933-00083206 swashbuckle and Earth Spike lands but
IRzK0KP84y8-00331-00083207-00083482 salad not looking in good shape
IRzK0KP84y8-00332-00083483-00083776 it'll be cut down and acrony's got
IRzK0KP84y8-00333-00083777-00083909 another kill while he goes sticking the
IRzK0KP84y8-00334-00083910-00084071 tier one over mid
IRzK0KP84y8-00335-00084072-00084376 it's a 3K lead for Knights right now is
IRzK0KP84y8-00336-00084377-00084725 Knight goes after the carry-on nights
IRzK0KP84y8-00337-00084726-00084923 that's gonna be ego getting pulverized
IRzK0KP84y8-00338-00084924-00085150 into the ground static storm kinetic
IRzK0KP84y8-00339-00085151-00085276 field there's the Glimpse they'll get
IRzK0KP84y8-00340-00085277-00085559 the kill LW helps out Knight
IRzK0KP84y8-00341-00085560-00085817 and that will be a big kill for them to
IRzK0KP84y8-00342-00085818-00086161 take out this Naga siren
IRzK0KP84y8-00343-00086162-00086459 he's trying to survive the stolen on saw
IRzK0KP84y8-00344-00086460-00086632 gives the freezing field more time the
IRzK0KP84y8-00345-00086633-00086855 telekiness his knife he's gonna go down
IRzK0KP84y8-00346-00086856-00087059 to xcj this Crystal maidens out of his
IRzK0KP84y8-00347-00087060-00087269 gourd I wanna play from Felix there
IRzK0KP84y8-00348-00087270-00087515 Glimpse that means she has the finger
IRzK0KP84y8-00349-00087516-00087773 yeah I think the gold
IRzK0KP84y8-00350-00087774-00088049 it's a big chunk of gold 500 gold for
IRzK0KP84y8-00351-00088050-00088349 salad there
IRzK0KP84y8-00352-00088350-00088612 bye-bye coming over Dragon Tails Xiao
IRzK0KP84y8-00353-00088613-00088762 you he has died a lot this game and
IRzK0KP84y8-00354-00088763-00088894 that's going to be a plus one on with
IRzK0KP84y8-00355-00088895-00089050 that death tally
IRzK0KP84y8-00356-00089051-00089261 Onslaught what a spell to steal from
IRzK0KP84y8-00357-00089262-00089855 Rubik pretty solid pretty salad yeah
IRzK0KP84y8-00358-00089856-00089968 it is
IRzK0KP84y8-00359-00089969-00090221 some damage done by Crystal Maiden a
IRzK0KP84y8-00360-00090222-00090394 full how many times you get to see a
IRzK0KP84y8-00361-00090395-00090575 full duration freezing field this early
IRzK0KP84y8-00362-00090576-00090923 in the game almost never yeah maybe when
IRzK0KP84y8-00363-00090924-00091231 she has a bkb but this is 14 minutes
IRzK0KP84y8-00364-00091232-00091481 what is he going for glimmer Cape
IRzK0KP84y8-00365-00091482-00091799 finished off drums that's Crystal Maiden
IRzK0KP84y8-00366-00091800-00092032 she's got a scale
IRzK0KP84y8-00367-00092033-00092399 oh man xcj
IRzK0KP84y8-00368-00092400-00092662 former most damage done in the whole
IRzK0KP84y8-00369-00092663-00093005 game 9 000 damage on crystal Maiden yeah
IRzK0KP84y8-00370-00093006-00093226 and Knight thinks he's cute with the the
IRzK0KP84y8-00371-00093227-00093443 Primal beasts and the tramples and the
IRzK0KP84y8-00372-00093444-00093659 povert I'm a crystal Meade and I got the
IRzK0KP84y8-00373-00093660-00094132 most damage in the game it's okay
IRzK0KP84y8-00374-00094133-00094367 I'm just you
IRzK0KP84y8-00375-00094368-00094529 look at a lot of these players I I don't
IRzK0KP84y8-00376-00094530-00094738 know I I'm going through some not
IRzK0KP84y8-00377-00094739-00094894 Nostalgia but you just look at these
IRzK0KP84y8-00378-00094895-00095093 guys and like xcj used to be on the
IRzK0KP84y8-00379-00095094-00095338 serenity team with XI ji and we talked
IRzK0KP84y8-00380-00095339-00095459 about fly fly already because we're
IRzK0KP84y8-00381-00095460-00095615 looking at a more fling that died
IRzK0KP84y8-00382-00095616-00095843 shifting into all edgy
IRzK0KP84y8-00383-00095844-00096137 but um and then I guess the last one's
IRzK0KP84y8-00384-00096138-00096382 night we used to go by y Chen
IRzK0KP84y8-00385-00096383-00096732 he played with uh bobika and xxs on DK
IRzK0KP84y8-00386-00096733-00097091 scudaria however you say yeah long
IRzK0KP84y8-00387-00097092-00097312 careers for some of these people
IRzK0KP84y8-00388-00097313-00097512 smoke from night
IRzK0KP84y8-00389-00097513-00097738 they're looking for a big kill if they
IRzK0KP84y8-00390-00097739-00097967 can delay this bkb timing on Primal
IRzK0KP84y8-00391-00097968-00098111 beast that's gonna be big because they
IRzK0KP84y8-00392-00098112-00098243 don't have abilities that go through
IRzK0KP84y8-00393-00098244-00098494 magic Community night sense into
IRzK0KP84y8-00394-00098495-00098693 something good since something is up and
IRzK0KP84y8-00395-00098694-00099076 uh this is onslaught to go back
IRzK0KP84y8-00396-00099077-00099287 pretty strong spell
IRzK0KP84y8-00397-00099288-00099431 hopefully
IRzK0KP84y8-00398-00099432-00099647 very very frustrating
IRzK0KP84y8-00399-00099648-00099917 blink dagger early for Felix
IRzK0KP84y8-00400-00099918-00100150 we've seen a lot of uh
IRzK0KP84y8-00401-00100151-00100426 Rubik's go like ether lens but we're
IRzK0KP84y8-00402-00100427-00100655 from the last few Rubik games I I think
IRzK0KP84y8-00403-00100656-00100829 we've been seeing blink dagger as the
IRzK0KP84y8-00404-00100830-00101305 prime pickup
IRzK0KP84y8-00405-00101306-00101573 China there's some good spells to steal
IRzK0KP84y8-00406-00101574-00101855 in this game like he's stolen the shift
IRzK0KP84y8-00407-00101856-00102138 so now this Rubik is sitting at this
IRzK0KP84y8-00408-00102139-00102647 1700 HP which does have two armor but no
IRzK0KP84y8-00409-00102648-00102863 it's very tanky
IRzK0KP84y8-00410-00102864-00103121 and if you steal spells from Lion if you
IRzK0KP84y8-00411-00103122-00103228 still
IRzK0KP84y8-00412-00103229-00103486 this Onslaught that he did really good
IRzK0KP84y8-00413-00103488-00103847 with yeah Crystal made in uh not gonna
IRzK0KP84y8-00414-00103848-00104147 get back onto a like six kill killing
IRzK0KP84y8-00415-00104148-00104236 spree
IRzK0KP84y8-00416-00104238-00104603 they're gonna shut that down right now
IRzK0KP84y8-00417-00104604-00104963 other Dragon form so smoke used broken
IRzK0KP84y8-00418-00104964-00105131 MKS coming over is the crystal
IRzK0KP84y8-00419-00105132-00105281 maintenance because if it works for xcj
IRzK0KP84y8-00420-00105282-00105466 it must work for MKX that's Lincoln's
IRzK0KP84y8-00421-00105467-00105689 here good finger to get the kill on to
IRzK0KP84y8-00422-00105690-00105947 Felix and now bye bye gonna be
IRzK0KP84y8-00423-00105948-00106108 pulverized they've got the Rolling
IRzK0KP84y8-00424-00106109-00106240 Thunder but the bkb has been popped by
IRzK0KP84y8-00425-00106241-00106402 night he's chasing with a trample they
IRzK0KP84y8-00426-00106403-00106504 should be able to take out this Dragon
IRzK0KP84y8-00427-00106505-00106631 Knight the song's just not gonna help
IRzK0KP84y8-00428-00106632-00106907 out with the bkb still active so Pig
IRzK0KP84y8-00429-00106908-00107284 pull running and out of the fight
IRzK0KP84y8-00430-00107285-00107536 still working out well for ehome overall
IRzK0KP84y8-00431-00107538-00107704 eat home as soon as they pick up that
IRzK0KP84y8-00432-00107705-00107908 big KB on Primal Beast they're ready to
IRzK0KP84y8-00433-00107909-00108119 fight with the dimension that there are
IRzK0KP84y8-00434-00108120-00108286 no abilities that go through magic
IRzK0KP84y8-00435-00108288-00108616 communities so Knight to realizes that
IRzK0KP84y8-00436-00108617-00108802 Russia's the vkb
IRzK0KP84y8-00437-00108803-00109078 and makes him unkillable if he's the one
IRzK0KP84y8-00438-00109079-00109295 initiating if they're not jumping him
IRzK0KP84y8-00439-00109296-00109510 with the Dragonite stun Rubik lift like
IRzK0KP84y8-00440-00109511-00109816 pangos set of spells they can't kill him
IRzK0KP84y8-00441-00109817-00110039 like he's way too tanky sitting at the
IRzK0KP84y8-00442-00110040-00110245 2000 HP going into
IRzK0KP84y8-00443-00110246-00110513 academics so being able to
IRzK0KP84y8-00444-00110514-00110747 break these Heroes mostly Dragonite
IRzK0KP84y8-00445-00110748-00111016 that's uh pretty massive Dragonite did
IRzK0KP84y8-00446-00111017-00111263 pick up The Shard for himself
IRzK0KP84y8-00447-00111264-00111604 he's going ax too
IRzK0KP84y8-00448-00111605-00111797 we seen it the other day how good it is
IRzK0KP84y8-00449-00111798-00112060 but it requires time until you get to
IRzK0KP84y8-00450-00112061-00112289 this like octane Manta style type of a
IRzK0KP84y8-00451-00112290-00112458 build Crystal amazing
IRzK0KP84y8-00452-00112459-00112847 do they have the control it's gonna be a
IRzK0KP84y8-00453-00112848-00113443 full duration freezing field again
IRzK0KP84y8-00454-00113444-00113740 it was so rare the first time do it a
IRzK0KP84y8-00455-00113741-00114052 second time
IRzK0KP84y8-00456-00114053-00114233 never get to see a full duration
IRzK0KP84y8-00457-00114233-00114634 freezing field it's it's exciting
IRzK0KP84y8-00458-00114635-00114808 especially with the hero that feels like
IRzK0KP84y8-00459-00114809-00115078 it dies with a snap of a finger radiant
IRzK0KP84y8-00460-00115079-00115295 radius are fortified almost as that
IRzK0KP84y8-00461-00115296-00115583 glimmer Cape you talked about too
IRzK0KP84y8-00462-00115583-00115739 much
IRzK0KP84y8-00463-00115740-00115949 very thank you that level 10 Talent
IRzK0KP84y8-00464-00115950-00116315 extra 250 HP which are you putting some
IRzK0KP84y8-00465-00116316-00116525 pressure on the tower
IRzK0KP84y8-00466-00116526-00116819 I wonder if xcj is gonna skip the
IRzK0KP84y8-00467-00116820-00116975 glimmer cape and go straight boots of
IRzK0KP84y8-00468-00116976-00117263 bearing it's those charges on the drums
IRzK0KP84y8-00469-00117264-00117527 I I really wouldn't mind if he changes
IRzK0KP84y8-00470-00117528-00117808 his uh mine that goes bkb like straight
IRzK0KP84y8-00471-00117809-00118036 after there's nothing to stop the bkb
IRzK0KP84y8-00472-00118038-00118283 with blink dragon tail Fireball down LW
IRzK0KP84y8-00473-00118283-00118547 burning as they're trying to train his
IRzK0KP84y8-00474-00118548-00118769 man they go to the static storm and well
IRzK0KP84y8-00475-00118770-00118943 he goes right behind and should be able
IRzK0KP84y8-00476-00118944-00119116 to grab both supports MKS trying to
IRzK0KP84y8-00477-00119117-00119302 fight back ego getting low pulverized
IRzK0KP84y8-00478-00119303-00119615 not one but two down goes ego down goes
IRzK0KP84y8-00479-00119616-00119819 five by both to MKS
IRzK0KP84y8-00480-00119820-00120221 they needed an extra hero there uh ego
IRzK0KP84y8-00481-00120222-00120599 his reveal of the Orchid gets two kills
IRzK0KP84y8-00482-00120600-00121007 from that but uh so does MKS MKS now
IRzK0KP84y8-00483-00121008-00121199 three one and four on this morphling
IRzK0KP84y8-00484-00121200-00121427 Radiance just like the a little bit of a
IRzK0KP84y8-00485-00121428-00121583 double-edged sword for what we've seen
IRzK0KP84y8-00486-00121583-00121828 from ego so far like yeah he's her top
IRzK0KP84y8-00487-00121829-00122002 of the net worth but he has died three
IRzK0KP84y8-00488-00122003-00122110 times
IRzK0KP84y8-00489-00122111-00122302 sometimes we'll see nagas be like zero
IRzK0KP84y8-00490-00122303-00122465 zero zero for a long time in the game
IRzK0KP84y8-00491-00122466-00122728 just trying to farm freezing feel the
IRzK0KP84y8-00492-00122729-00123073 catch is not getting stopped ever
IRzK0KP84y8-00493-00123074-00123328 xcj's so active on this Crystal made it
IRzK0KP84y8-00494-00123329-00123760 involved in 13 out of 7 15 kills and
IRzK0KP84y8-00495-00123761-00124008 that is a lot of kill participation
IRzK0KP84y8-00496-00124009-00124343 get some extra gold from it on the other
IRzK0KP84y8-00497-00124344-00124643 side the Rubik is uh farming one shot in
IRzK0KP84y8-00498-00124644-00124901 the creep wave Onslaught plus fade bolt
IRzK0KP84y8-00499-00124902-00125069 more than enough
IRzK0KP84y8-00500-00125070-00125249 yeah so look at the support Farm
IRzK0KP84y8-00501-00125250-00125452 honestly all the supports are pretty
IRzK0KP84y8-00502-00125453-00125686 farmed in this game 19 minutes into the
IRzK0KP84y8-00503-00125688-00125897 game and look at what they all have like
IRzK0KP84y8-00504-00125898-00126202 this is pretty impressive
IRzK0KP84y8-00505-00126203-00126328 Felix
IRzK0KP84y8-00506-00126329-00126527 it's not fair when they can close the
IRzK0KP84y8-00507-00126528-00126683 gap like that with an odds on the
IRzK0KP84y8-00508-00126683-00126940 waveform
IRzK0KP84y8-00509-00126941-00127204 solid also has his blink dagger so he's
IRzK0KP84y8-00510-00127205-00127528 able to engage that way
IRzK0KP84y8-00511-00127529-00127873 who's gonna get first
IRzK0KP84y8-00512-00127874-00128177 as though it could be either team at
IRzK0KP84y8-00513-00128178-00128404 either time I feel like whoever wins the
IRzK0KP84y8-00514-00128405-00128566 next team fight will turn that into
IRzK0KP84y8-00515-00128567-00128789 roach this is the 20 minutes into the
IRzK0KP84y8-00516-00128790-00128957 game already you have enough damage
IRzK0KP84y8-00517-00128958-00129190 there's enough sustain on the heroes
IRzK0KP84y8-00518-00129191-00129383 this Guardian Greaves has been done on
IRzK0KP84y8-00519-00129383-00129586 brood mother with nagascar and you can
IRzK0KP84y8-00520-00129588-00129928 take the Illusions plus a lucky shot so
IRzK0KP84y8-00521-00129929-00130169 I think another blank initiation from
IRzK0KP84y8-00522-00130170-00130378 salad Earth Spike Onslaught here comes
IRzK0KP84y8-00523-00130379-00130564 the knock up of the bkb into the static
IRzK0KP84y8-00524-00130565-00130769 storm of the pulverized finger and
IRzK0KP84y8-00525-00130770-00130984 that's one that's two again you go fly
IRzK0KP84y8-00526-00130985-00131081 by
IRzK0KP84y8-00527-00131082-00131393 flying in and dying
IRzK0KP84y8-00528-00131394-00131590 they're gonna get next set of items on
IRzK0KP84y8-00529-00131591-00131837 their Heroes again scepter that we
IRzK0KP84y8-00530-00131838-00132035 mentioned on Primal Beast there is
IRzK0KP84y8-00531-00132036-00132269 disruptor going for eggs like he's still
IRzK0KP84y8-00532-00132270-00132581 far away but uh like morphlink does have
IRzK0KP84y8-00533-00132582-00132869 his Manta delivered going into alacrity
IRzK0KP84y8-00534-00132870-00133216 has that fourth available
IRzK0KP84y8-00535-00133217-00133499 card side Felix with his own little pool
IRzK0KP84y8-00536-00133500-00133739 of her eyes but that's not gonna work
IRzK0KP84y8-00537-00133740-00133978 out oh actually stuck here you got the
IRzK0KP84y8-00538-00133979-00134081 eggs
IRzK0KP84y8-00539-00134082-00134249 but not gonna be able to do a lot of
IRzK0KP84y8-00540-00134250-00134411 damage as he'll be forced to Blink back
IRzK0KP84y8-00541-00134412-00134675 into the base he homes really recovered
IRzK0KP84y8-00542-00134676-00134873 they were down about 5 000 net worth but
IRzK0KP84y8-00543-00134874-00135064 they have kept the pressure on
IRzK0KP84y8-00544-00135065-00135311 and I want to say it's almost Sun's
IRzK0KP84y8-00545-00135312-00135502 shout you because he hasn't really done
IRzK0KP84y8-00546-00135503-00135719 too much in this game xcj is gonna die
IRzK0KP84y8-00547-00135720-00136013 here to spiderwicks
IRzK0KP84y8-00548-00136014-00136163 and they will take out the Crystal
IRzK0KP84y8-00549-00136164-00136361 Method again blink dragon tail onto the
IRzK0KP84y8-00550-00136362-00136571 disruptor lww gonna be run down thanks
IRzK0KP84y8-00551-00136572-00136816 to the help of alacrity but will still
IRzK0KP84y8-00552-00136817-00136990 in the end lose a tower so this is the
IRzK0KP84y8-00553-00136991-00137195 second tier 2 Tower that they lost the
IRzK0KP84y8-00554-00137196-00137477 map is shrinking and they're losing this
IRzK0KP84y8-00555-00137478-00137740 network advantage Naga siren she needs
IRzK0KP84y8-00556-00137741-00137963 another item like she needs this hard to
IRzK0KP84y8-00557-00137964-00138202 be tanky now so that she survives the
IRzK0KP84y8-00558-00138203-00138461 birds once the Primal Beast gets in uh
IRzK0KP84y8-00559-00138462-00138713 we've seen it static storm twice on Naga
IRzK0KP84y8-00560-00138714-00138977 siren so she wasn't able to get the song
IRzK0KP84y8-00561-00138978-00139187 off I don't think there was a single
IRzK0KP84y8-00562-00139188-00139493 song this game no not yet
IRzK0KP84y8-00563-00139494-00139816 let me just check if he's muted he's not
IRzK0KP84y8-00564-00139817-00140231 muted they need a sound check first
IRzK0KP84y8-00565-00140232-00140399 they'll get there to sing that concert
IRzK0KP84y8-00566-00140400-00140647 is uh
IRzK0KP84y8-00567-00140648-00140999 looking over at night Lotus or boink
IRzK0KP84y8-00568-00141000-00141251 dagger he's got his ax so the Uproar is
IRzK0KP84y8-00569-00141252-00141466 available or the upgraded uproar I
IRzK0KP84y8-00570-00141467-00141628 should say
IRzK0KP84y8-00571-00141629-00141864 like you said it's the brake mechanic
IRzK0KP84y8-00572-00141865-00142175 alacrity swashbuckle
IRzK0KP84y8-00573-00142176-00142583 timing to get away from night
IRzK0KP84y8-00574-00142584-00142864 shouldn't be too long till ego has this
IRzK0KP84y8-00575-00142865-00143075 uh heart the way he's been playing yeah
IRzK0KP84y8-00576-00143076-00143357 should be up in the next uh minute and a
IRzK0KP84y8-00577-00143358-00143554 half depending how much farm he gets
IRzK0KP84y8-00578-00143555-00143723 should get the farm I mean it's a Naga
IRzK0KP84y8-00579-00143724-00143890 siren so you can always cut the way oh
IRzK0KP84y8-00580-00143891-00144101 alachery jumps in
IRzK0KP84y8-00581-00144102-00144521 X her Spike finger waveform oh actually
IRzK0KP84y8-00582-00144522-00144689 death
IRzK0KP84y8-00583-00144690-00144893 he had been surviving for a while and
IRzK0KP84y8-00584-00144894-00145085 doing a lot of damage but now with that
IRzK0KP84y8-00585-00145086-00145301 happening in Roche they're gonna try and
IRzK0KP84y8-00586-00145302-00145540 take Rush
IRzK0KP84y8-00587-00145541-00145883 they only have bkb on Primal Beast a
IRzK0KP84y8-00588-00145884-00146099 song could set something up for a
IRzK0KP84y8-00589-00146100-00146237 contest here but they're not even gonna
IRzK0KP84y8-00590-00146238-00146495 go that way they know that the bkb is
IRzK0KP84y8-00591-00146496-00146711 online for Primal he can't pop it and
IRzK0KP84y8-00592-00146712-00146969 it's a bit too difficult Vision has
IRzK0KP84y8-00593-00146970-00147371 already been set so they see flyby no
IRzK0KP84y8-00594-00147372-00147749 blink out MKS will hold on to ages
IRzK0KP84y8-00595-00147750-00148049 we'll get to bkb next a lot of defensive
IRzK0KP84y8-00596-00148050-00148247 items on them I guess he does not want
IRzK0KP84y8-00597-00148248-00148457 to get his mana burn Eagle's Courier
IRzK0KP84y8-00598-00148458-00148727 dies did it have anything on Vitality
IRzK0KP84y8-00599-00148728-00149009 booster on it so two minutes this is
IRzK0KP84y8-00600-00149010-00149189 huge this is massive it does allow
IRzK0KP84y8-00601-00149190-00149435 e-home to finally get the lead in this
IRzK0KP84y8-00602-00149436-00149525 game
IRzK0KP84y8-00603-00149526-00149740 something they've been working hard to
IRzK0KP84y8-00604-00149741-00149981 to get back because it had been a 6K
IRzK0KP84y8-00605-00149982-00150239 lead on-saught Earth Spike the control
IRzK0KP84y8-00606-00150240-00150545 is just there for ehome in droves but
IRzK0KP84y8-00607-00150546-00150766 right onto the more fling blink back to
IRzK0KP84y8-00608-00150767-00151007 LW they've got the fireball down flyby
IRzK0KP84y8-00609-00151008-00151211 now trying to return back to the tier
IRzK0KP84y8-00610-00151212-00151397 three Tower they still haven't killed
IRzK0KP84y8-00611-00151398-00151499 the disruptor finally with the
IRzK0KP84y8-00612-00151500-00151661 swashbuckle they get the Kill by the bkb
IRzK0KP84y8-00613-00151662-00151787 as well as the Uproar gonna be activated
IRzK0KP84y8-00614-00151788-00151990 they'll take out flyby he can't survive
IRzK0KP84y8-00615-00151991-00152278 the the pulverize coming in Sutter to
IRzK0KP84y8-00616-00152279-00152428 Ego pops the Manta going the other way
IRzK0KP84y8-00617-00152429-00152543 they get the Aegis out of the hands of
IRzK0KP84y8-00618-00152544-00152657 the more point they look over at night
IRzK0KP84y8-00619-00152658-00152843 with the activated uproar but the song
IRzK0KP84y8-00620-00152844-00153061 stuns them both do they have a control
IRzK0KP84y8-00621-00153062-00153359 afterwards to get anything salad blinks
IRzK0KP84y8-00622-00153360-00153502 in Mana drain he's got the magic
IRzK0KP84y8-00623-00153503-00153775 Community thanks to the Sharks
IRzK0KP84y8-00624-00153776-00154019 now he's out of Mana
IRzK0KP84y8-00625-00154020-00154259 a good first usage of the ages so they
IRzK0KP84y8-00626-00154260-00154475 get in they get a team fight they take
IRzK0KP84y8-00627-00154476-00154763 two towers in a row and now this is
IRzK0KP84y8-00628-00154764-00155075 gonna be bkb for more fling uh very
IRzK0KP84y8-00629-00155076-00155290 close to it salad has been really
IRzK0KP84y8-00630-00155291-00155566 playing well like those uh
IRzK0KP84y8-00631-00155567-00155771 he was first level six before the 10
IRzK0KP84y8-00632-00155772-00156016 minute Mark has five figure charges it's
IRzK0KP84y8-00633-00156017-00156299 level 14 and has almost a full e on disc
IRzK0KP84y8-00634-00156300-00156587 he's the one initiating and then Primal
IRzK0KP84y8-00635-00156588-00156904 Beast is the one that follows up
IRzK0KP84y8-00636-00156905-00157073 okay
IRzK0KP84y8-00637-00157074-00157390 the disruptor to survival lacrity yeah
IRzK0KP84y8-00638-00157391-00157547 he didn't survive he got this watch
IRzK0KP84y8-00639-00157548-00157733 Buckle in the end yeah but like for how
IRzK0KP84y8-00640-00157734-00157895 long the the attention was with the
IRzK0KP84y8-00641-00157896-00158039 entire Rolling Thunder you know like he
IRzK0KP84y8-00642-00158040-00158261 juked it a little bit just not
IRzK0KP84y8-00643-00158262-00158395 enough to
IRzK0KP84y8-00644-00158396-00158633 survive the end of it but like you take
IRzK0KP84y8-00645-00158634-00158752 all the attention from the Rolling
IRzK0KP84y8-00646-00158753-00158902 Thunder I feel like it leaves many
IRzK0KP84y8-00647-00158903-00159071 options for ehome to fight back right
IRzK0KP84y8-00648-00159072-00159323 there are still bkb on Primal okay make
IRzK0KP84y8-00649-00159324-00159443 it six
IRzK0KP84y8-00650-00159444-00159731 we have another one almost level 16 now
IRzK0KP84y8-00651-00159732-00159976 in lion
IRzK0KP84y8-00652-00159977-00160126 that
IRzK0KP84y8-00653-00160127-00160345 this is
IRzK0KP84y8-00654-00160346-00160631 240 damage oh the interesting choice of
IRzK0KP84y8-00655-00160632-00160816 talents from him usually when you have
IRzK0KP84y8-00656-00160817-00161057 this amount of stacks from finger of
IRzK0KP84y8-00657-00161058-00161314 that you want to be tanky like you want
IRzK0KP84y8-00658-00161315-00161639 to get that extra 70 HP from a finger
IRzK0KP84y8-00659-00161640-00161866 stack but uh I guess because it keeps
IRzK0KP84y8-00660-00161867-00162197 playing into pangolir with the Mana
IRzK0KP84y8-00661-00162198-00162431 drain he can restore Mana to his allies
IRzK0KP84y8-00662-00162432-00162952 which is uh which is okay
IRzK0KP84y8-00663-00162953-00163204 so xcj
IRzK0KP84y8-00664-00163205-00163445 tping back home night's kind of feeling
IRzK0KP84y8-00665-00163446-00163613 a little bit lost in this game who turns
IRzK0KP84y8-00666-00163614-00163931 into the Rubik telekinesiser Spike
IRzK0KP84y8-00667-00163932-00164152 manage rain and there's a telekinesis
IRzK0KP84y8-00668-00164153-00164345 coming in from Felix to get flyby onto
IRzK0KP84y8-00669-00164346-00164478 the low ground but the lotus orb
IRzK0KP84y8-00670-00164479-00164716 reflects that dragon tail and now with
IRzK0KP84y8-00671-00164717-00164866 the static storm they will get the kill
IRzK0KP84y8-00672-00164867-00165209 on a flyby he is really not done much in
IRzK0KP84y8-00673-00165210-00165473 this game he has been silenced in terms
IRzK0KP84y8-00674-00165474-00165683 of kill participation The Landing stage
IRzK0KP84y8-00675-00165684-00165976 was really good but then those two
IRzK0KP84y8-00676-00165977-00166139 rotations from the Primal Beast then
IRzK0KP84y8-00677-00166140-00166354 lion coming in one more time kind of
IRzK0KP84y8-00678-00166355-00166547 ruined the game for him
IRzK0KP84y8-00679-00166548-00166757 lion has been causing a lot of issues we
IRzK0KP84y8-00680-00166758-00167057 said it works well on the paper but also
IRzK0KP84y8-00681-00167058-00167285 in theory like you see him using Mana
IRzK0KP84y8-00682-00167286-00167452 drain and one of the reasons why he's so
IRzK0KP84y8-00683-00167453-00167602 formed he's almost as far as Dragon
IRzK0KP84y8-00684-00167603-00167831 Knight is getting that extra gold from
IRzK0KP84y8-00685-00167832-00168101 killing the illusions
IRzK0KP84y8-00686-00168102-00168443 he is 8 000 gold I talked about the
IRzK0KP84y8-00687-00168444-00168671 sports being farmed but I mean they are
IRzK0KP84y8-00688-00168672-00168985 all farmed salad is ultra farmed
IRzK0KP84y8-00689-00168986-00169337 upgraded maybe a little add-on
IRzK0KP84y8-00690-00169338-00169643 to the salad
IRzK0KP84y8-00691-00169644-00169943 xcj you wanted it he's gonna have bkb
IRzK0KP84y8-00692-00169944-00170076 soon
IRzK0KP84y8-00693-00170077-00170428 tokinesis Lotus orb ego now hexed up
IRzK0KP84y8-00694-00170429-00170626 thanks to this lion Fireball down
IRzK0KP84y8-00695-00170627-00170776 they're killing a few eggs they'll use
IRzK0KP84y8-00696-00170777-00170914 the finger it's on the ego they've got
IRzK0KP84y8-00697-00170915-00171059 the control it's on to Xiao you but
IRzK0KP84y8-00698-00171060-00171239 xcj's gonna die here two years dead on
IRzK0KP84y8-00699-00171240-00171401 the side of knights the Rolling Thunder
IRzK0KP84y8-00700-00171402-00171611 hits on LW slash Buckle hits both
IRzK0KP84y8-00701-00171612-00171959 supports the shield crash alacrity whoa
IRzK0KP84y8-00702-00171960-00172157 getting a couple kills and they'll still
IRzK0KP84y8-00703-00172158-00172451 take out ego alacrity blinks back but
IRzK0KP84y8-00704-00172452-00172619 they're still chasing Knight with a
IRzK0KP84y8-00705-00172620-00172816 trample swashbuckle for some distance
IRzK0KP84y8-00706-00172817-00172931 they won't be able to catch the
IRzK0KP84y8-00707-00172932-00173075 pangolier but they have the ensnare it's
IRzK0KP84y8-00708-00173076-00173363 onto the DK Fireball down MKS taking a
IRzK0KP84y8-00709-00173364-00173513 lot of damage alacrity might turn this
IRzK0KP84y8-00710-00173514-00173719 around Shield crash sauce Buckle again
IRzK0KP84y8-00711-00173720-00173951 zero is now on the side of ehome need to
IRzK0KP84y8-00712-00173952-00174119 be a little bit careful on how far they
IRzK0KP84y8-00713-00174120-00174316 approach this and they'll just back away
IRzK0KP84y8-00714-00174317-00174521 a lot of damage done by the Pango in
IRzK0KP84y8-00715-00174522-00174640 this fight
IRzK0KP84y8-00716-00174641-00174947 let me check the damage 5000 damage on
IRzK0KP84y8-00717-00174948-00175325 Pango 3000 on more fling uh if he gets a
IRzK0KP84y8-00718-00175326-00175564 rolling thunder like that with the
IRzK0KP84y8-00719-00175565-00175781 acronym scepter the constant uh Shield
IRzK0KP84y8-00720-00175782-00176009 crashes the constant swashbuckles coming
IRzK0KP84y8-00721-00176010-00176243 out uh and the briggins blade of course
IRzK0KP84y8-00722-00176244-00176476 it's always the Brigham's blade every
IRzK0KP84y8-00723-00176477-00176704 time do supports immediately dying on
IRzK0KP84y8-00724-00176705-00176926 Knights like Crystal Maiden The didn't
IRzK0KP84y8-00725-00176927-00177221 get much done this ulti looks good but
IRzK0KP84y8-00726-00177222-00177514 it's through the bkbs so not much has
IRzK0KP84y8-00727-00177515-00177725 been done but they need to kill this
IRzK0KP84y8-00728-00177726-00177911 Line it's gonna be slightly more
IRzK0KP84y8-00729-00177912-00178049 difficult this time around because he
IRzK0KP84y8-00730-00178050-00178259 just picked up an e on this but you see
IRzK0KP84y8-00731-00178260-00178535 the power of morphling he gets stuff
IRzK0KP84y8-00732-00178536-00179087 done he is uh the one now with the bkb
IRzK0KP84y8-00733-00179088-00179351 good save but the glimp's back yeah
IRzK0KP84y8-00734-00179352-00179513 pre-glimpse it's a little bit difficult
IRzK0KP84y8-00735-00179514-00179843 xcj still gonna survive Felix picked up
IRzK0KP84y8-00736-00179844-00180023 The Shard a while ago and the idea is
IRzK0KP84y8-00737-00180024-00180287 just that to telekinesis his own allies
IRzK0KP84y8-00738-00180288-00180604 out of static storm
IRzK0KP84y8-00739-00180605-00180976 another ax he's going on more
IRzK0KP84y8-00740-00180977-00181133 yeah we're gonna go forward they've got
IRzK0KP84y8-00741-00181134-00181378 the hex it's on the DK waveform forward
IRzK0KP84y8-00742-00181379-00181607 ego he's getting hit by this pulverize
IRzK0KP84y8-00743-00181608-00181793 now he's broken trample on top of these
IRzK0KP84y8-00744-00181794-00181925 Heroes they look like they're gonna get
IRzK0KP84y8-00745-00181926-00182401 everything dried killed for night
IRzK0KP84y8-00746-00182402-00182771 this is eel just devastating the side of
IRzK0KP84y8-00747-00182772-00183047 knights radiant they have five nights
IRzK0KP84y8-00748-00183048-00183352 but ehome has the Knight himself you
IRzK0KP84y8-00749-00183353-00183676 know he's the one who has been popping
IRzK0KP84y8-00750-00183677-00183893 off with this Primal Beast the gem also
IRzK0KP84y8-00751-00183894-00184049 picked up going into shiva's next
IRzK0KP84y8-00752-00184050-00184319 reducing the healing and also providing
IRzK0KP84y8-00753-00184320-00184588 a bit more Vision in a fight 75 I think
IRzK0KP84y8-00754-00184589-00184888 this is a very generous this 25 for
IRzK0KP84y8-00755-00184889-00185051 Knights because this game looks like
IRzK0KP84y8-00756-00185052-00185249 it's over maybe one more fight for night
IRzK0KP84y8-00757-00185250-00185363 potentially
IRzK0KP84y8-00758-00185364-00185675 this is two set of Barracks bkbs will
IRzK0KP84y8-00759-00185676-00185897 reset at least the one on Primal
IRzK0KP84y8-00760-00185898-00186088 relatively soon morphing still holding
IRzK0KP84y8-00761-00186089-00186293 his also having that Agony sector
IRzK0KP84y8-00762-00186294-00186502 stealing stats turning into Dragonite
IRzK0KP84y8-00763-00186503-00186809 becoming unkillable MKS has not died for
IRzK0KP84y8-00764-00186810-00187121 last 25 minutes or so yeah they they
IRzK0KP84y8-00765-00187122-00187276 have that one death and that was the
IRzK0KP84y8-00766-00187277-00187678 edgy shift
IRzK0KP84y8-00767-00187679-00187937 it's popped hex reflecting the dragon
IRzK0KP84y8-00768-00187938-00188213 tail static storm and telekinesis to
IRzK0KP84y8-00769-00188214-00188321 throw him out of the static storm with
IRzK0KP84y8-00770-00188322-00188483 the bkbb pop by MKS they've got the
IRzK0KP84y8-00771-00188484-00188614 pre-sec field with the bkb coming out
IRzK0KP84y8-00772-00188615-00188878 from xcj he's still holding on to it but
IRzK0KP84y8-00773-00188879-00189064 when the bkb from xks lasting long
IRzK0KP84y8-00774-00189065-00189311 enough they are able to knock out rcj
IRzK0KP84y8-00775-00189312-00189587 now finger on the ego ego not able to do
IRzK0KP84y8-00776-00189588-00189754 anything he's continually stunned up and
IRzK0KP84y8-00777-00189755-00189857 they are gonna get this kill on the
IRzK0KP84y8-00778-00189858-00190061 eagle once again now Knight moving in
IRzK0KP84y8-00779-00190062-00190259 has the pulverize and he's gonna slay
IRzK0KP84y8-00780-00190260-00190451 him down fly by he's got the trample
IRzK0KP84y8-00781-00190452-00190607 they should be able to get this kill
IRzK0KP84y8-00782-00190608-00190781 with the telekinesis keeps him away from
IRzK0KP84y8-00783-00190782-00190949 flyby for just a second Zhao you will
IRzK0KP84y8-00784-00190950-00191297 run down this DK and another one is
IRzK0KP84y8-00785-00191298-00191543 alacrity goes down they'll call GG and
IRzK0KP84y8-00786-00191544-00191728 with the help of Knight they say 90
IRzK0KP84y8-00787-00191729-00191861 nights
IRzK0KP84y8-00788-00191862-00192226 now get this victory in game number one
IRzK0KP84y8-00789-00192227-00192509 Knights they had a five 6K gold
IRzK0KP84y8-00790-00192510-00192857 advantage in this game he hope man what
IRzK0KP84y8-00791-00192858-00193054 a performance today like this type of a
IRzK0KP84y8-00792-00193055-00193267 draft
ISeNEEXf3IA-00000-00000104-00000318 oriole park at camden yards often
ISeNEEXf3IA-00001-00000319-00000519 referred to simply as camden yards or
ISeNEEXf3IA-00002-00000520-00000751 oriole park is a major league baseball
ISeNEEXf3IA-00003-00000752-00000991 mlb ballpark located in baltimore
ISeNEEXf3IA-00004-00000992-00001103 maryland
ISeNEEXf3IA-00005-00001104-00001311 home to the baltimore orioles it is the
ISeNEEXf3IA-00006-00001312-00001519 first of the retro
ISeNEEXf3IA-00007-00001520-00001702 major league ballparks constructed
ISeNEEXf3IA-00008-00001703-00001975 during the 1990s and early 2000s and
ISeNEEXf3IA-00009-00001976-00002231 remains one of the most highly praised
ISeNEEXf3IA-00010-00002232-00002495 it was completed in 1992 to replace
ISeNEEXf3IA-00011-00002496-00002695 memorial stadium
ISeNEEXf3IA-00012-00002696-00002887 the park is situated in downtown
ISeNEEXf3IA-00013-00002888-00003095 baltimore a few blocks west of the inner
ISeNEEXf3IA-00014-00003096-00003270 harbour in the camden yards sports
ISeNEEXf3IA-00015-00003271-00003399 complex
ISeNEEXf3IA-00016-00003400-00003606 the orioles celebrated the ballpark's
ISeNEEXf3IA-00017-00003607-00003879 20th anniversary during the 2012 season
ISeNEEXf3IA-00018-00003879-00004035 and launched the website
ISeNEEXf3IA-00019-00004036-00004199 camdenyards20.com as part of the
ISeNEEXf3IA-00020-00004200-00004343 celebration
ISeNEEXf3IA-00021-00004344-00004591 historically oriole park at camden yards
ISeNEEXf3IA-00022-00004592-00004751 is one of several venues that have
ISeNEEXf3IA-00023-00004752-00004975 carried the oriole park
ISeNEEXf3IA-00024-00004976-00005199 name for various baltimore franchises
ISeNEEXf3IA-00025-00005200-00005615 over the years
ISeNEEXf3IA-00026-00005616-00006118 topic history
ISeNEEXf3IA-00027-00006119-00006606 topic construction
ISeNEEXf3IA-00028-00006608-00006814 prior to camden yards the predominant
ISeNEEXf3IA-00029-00006815-00007023 design trend of big league ballparks was
ISeNEEXf3IA-00030-00007023-00007334 the symmetrical multipurpose stadium
ISeNEEXf3IA-00031-00007336-00007574 memorial stadium the orioles home since
ISeNEEXf3IA-00032-00007575-00007863 they moved from saint louis in 1954 was
ISeNEEXf3IA-00033-00007864-00008151 an early example of such a design
ISeNEEXf3IA-00034-00008152-00008414 in 1984 the baltimore colts moved to
ISeNEEXf3IA-00035-00008415-00008614 indianapolis indiana part because
ISeNEEXf3IA-00036-00008615-00008814 baltimore and maryland officials refused
ISeNEEXf3IA-00037-00008815-00008974 to commit money for a replacement for
ISeNEEXf3IA-00038-00008975-00009142 memorial stadium
ISeNEEXf3IA-00039-00009143-00009383 not wanting to risk losing the orioles
ISeNEEXf3IA-00040-00009384-00009599 and baltimore's status as a major league
ISeNEEXf3IA-00041-00009600-00009759 city in its own right
ISeNEEXf3IA-00042-00009760-00009942 city and state officials immediately
ISeNEEXf3IA-00043-00009943-00010135 began planning a new park in order to
ISeNEEXf3IA-00044-00010136-00010335 keep them in town the master plan was
ISeNEEXf3IA-00045-00010336-00010535 designed by international design firm
ISeNEEXf3IA-00046-00010536-00010695 rtkl
ISeNEEXf3IA-00047-00010696-00010910 the stadium design was completed by the
ISeNEEXf3IA-00048-00010911-00011142 architectural firm hok sport now
ISeNEEXf3IA-00049-00011143-00011342 populous which had pioneered retro
ISeNEEXf3IA-00050-00011343-00011542 ballparks on the minor league level four
ISeNEEXf3IA-00051-00011543-00011719 years earlier with pilot field in
ISeNEEXf3IA-00052-00011720-00011910 buffalo new york
ISeNEEXf3IA-00053-00011911-00012174 hok sport's original design was very
ISeNEEXf3IA-00054-00012175-00012414 similar to the new komiski park
ISeNEEXf3IA-00055-00012415-00012638 however at the urging of architectural
ISeNEEXf3IA-00056-00012639-00012879 consultant janet marie smith the orioles
ISeNEEXf3IA-00057-00012880-00013079 turned it down preferring a retro-style
ISeNEEXf3IA-00058-00013080-00013358 park construction began in 1989 and
ISeNEEXf3IA-00059-00013359-00013575 lasted 33 months
ISeNEEXf3IA-00060-00013576-00013822 former orioles owner eli jacobs favored
ISeNEEXf3IA-00061-00013823-00014022 naming the new field oriole park while
ISeNEEXf3IA-00062-00014023-00014215 then maryland governor william donald
ISeNEEXf3IA-00063-00014216-00014455 schaefer favored camden yards
ISeNEEXf3IA-00064-00014456-00014679 after considerable debate a compromise
ISeNEEXf3IA-00065-00014680-00015158 was reached to use both names
ISeNEEXf3IA-00066-00015159-00015791 topic 1992-2008
ISeNEEXf3IA-00067-00015791-00016111 the ballpark opened on april 6 1992 with
ISeNEEXf3IA-00068-00016112-00016279 the orioles hosting the cleveland
ISeNEEXf3IA-00069-00016280-00016399 indians
ISeNEEXf3IA-00070-00016400-00016591 the great success of camden yards
ISeNEEXf3IA-00071-00016592-00016767 sparked a trend in the construction of
ISeNEEXf3IA-00072-00016768-00016991 more traditional fan-friendly ballparks
ISeNEEXf3IA-00073-00016992-00017207 in downtown locations across the u.s
ISeNEEXf3IA-00074-00017208-00017455 indeed by the 2012 season all but two
ISeNEEXf3IA-00075-00017456-00017694 teams the toronto blue jays and oakland
ISeNEEXf3IA-00076-00017695-00018022 athletics played in baseball-only parks
ISeNEEXf3IA-00077-00018023-00018230 the first run scored at camden yards
ISeNEEXf3IA-00078-00018231-00018414 occurred when chris hoyles hit a ground
ISeNEEXf3IA-00079-00018415-00018655 rule double that brought in sam horn
ISeNEEXf3IA-00080-00018656-00018911 the orioles went on to win the game 2-0
ISeNEEXf3IA-00081-00018912-00019150 on rick sutcliffe's shutout
ISeNEEXf3IA-00082-00019151-00019447 camden yards hosted the 1993 mlb
ISeNEEXf3IA-00083-00019448-00019622 all-star game
ISeNEEXf3IA-00084-00019623-00019983 on june 18 1994 an escalator accident
ISeNEEXf3IA-00085-00019984-00020230 injured 43 people one of the stadium's
ISeNEEXf3IA-00086-00020231-00020455 multiple-story escalators overcrowded
ISeNEEXf3IA-00087-00020456-00020622 with fans heading to their upper deck
ISeNEEXf3IA-00088-00020623-00020791 seats jerked backward throwing
ISeNEEXf3IA-00089-00020792-00021014 passengers to the bottom landing
ISeNEEXf3IA-00090-00021015-00021319 on september 6 1995 camden yards
ISeNEEXf3IA-00091-00021320-00021519 witnessed cal ripken junior's record
ISeNEEXf3IA-00092-00021520-00021643 setting
ISeNEEXf3IA-00093-00021644-00021919 2131st consecutive game
ISeNEEXf3IA-00094-00021920-00022127 exactly one year later eddie murray
ISeNEEXf3IA-00095-00022128-00022439 blasted his 500th home run there
ISeNEEXf3IA-00096-00022440-00022614 two orange seats stand out from the
ISeNEEXf3IA-00097-00022615-00022886 park's dark green plastic chairs
ISeNEEXf3IA-00098-00022887-00023278 one located at section 96 row 7 seat 23
ISeNEEXf3IA-00099-00023279-00023447 in the right center field bleachers
ISeNEEXf3IA-00100-00023448-00023622 officially known as the utah street
ISeNEEXf3IA-00101-00023623-00023830 reserve sections commemorates the spot
ISeNEEXf3IA-00102-00023831-00024111 where marie's 500th home run landed
ISeNEEXf3IA-00103-00024112-00024430 the other section 86 row ff seat 10 in
ISeNEEXf3IA-00104-00024431-00024630 the left field bleachers was the landing
ISeNEEXf3IA-00105-00024631-00024919 spot for ripken's 278th home run as a
ISeNEEXf3IA-00106-00024920-00025158 shortstop breaking chicago cubs legend
ISeNEEXf3IA-00107-00025159-00025414 ernie banks record for the position that
ISeNEEXf3IA-00108-00025415-00025806 home run was hit on july 15 1993. ripken
ISeNEEXf3IA-00109-00025807-00026102 finished his career with 345 home runs
ISeNEEXf3IA-00110-00026104-00026446 as a shortstop and 431 overall
ISeNEEXf3IA-00111-00026447-00026735 topic renovations after the 2008 season
ISeNEEXf3IA-00112-00026736-00026974 a new hd video display and scoreboard
ISeNEEXf3IA-00113-00026975-00027135 were installed below the right field
ISeNEEXf3IA-00114-00027136-00027262 bleachers
ISeNEEXf3IA-00115-00027263-00027495 a new high-fidelity sound reinforcement
ISeNEEXf3IA-00116-00027495-00027687 system was added around the ballpark in
ISeNEEXf3IA-00117-00027688-00027846 2009.
ISeNEEXf3IA-00118-00027847-00028055 the orioles made numerous improvements
ISeNEEXf3IA-00119-00028056-00028207 to their home ballpark and to their
ISeNEEXf3IA-00120-00028208-00028407 spring training facility ed smith
ISeNEEXf3IA-00121-00028408-00028631 stadium before the start of the 2011
ISeNEEXf3IA-00122-00028632-00028743 season
ISeNEEXf3IA-00123-00028744-00028943 all seats in the lower seating bowl were
ISeNEEXf3IA-00124-00028944-00029135 replaced and drink rails were added in
ISeNEEXf3IA-00125-00029136-00029295 the club level
ISeNEEXf3IA-00126-00029295-00029535 several sky boxes were also eliminated
ISeNEEXf3IA-00127-00029536-00029711 and refurbished to make room for more
ISeNEEXf3IA-00128-00029712-00030023 party suites and casual luxury boxes
ISeNEEXf3IA-00129-00030024-00030223 the renovation reduced oriole park's
ISeNEEXf3IA-00130-00030224-00030443 capacity from
ISeNEEXf3IA-00131-00030444-00030823 48876 to 45971
ISeNEEXf3IA-00132-00030824-00030990 making it more comparable with newer
ISeNEEXf3IA-00133-00030991-00031135 ballparks
ISeNEEXf3IA-00134-00031136-00031367 during the 2011-12 off-season the
ISeNEEXf3IA-00135-00031368-00031567 orioles announced further upgrades to
ISeNEEXf3IA-00136-00031568-00031807 camden yards in preparation for the 20th
ISeNEEXf3IA-00137-00031808-00032039 anniversary of the park's opening
ISeNEEXf3IA-00138-00032039-00032190 these improvements included the
ISeNEEXf3IA-00139-00032191-00032407 expansion of concession food choices
ISeNEEXf3IA-00140-00032408-00032599 widening of the concourses in the upper
ISeNEEXf3IA-00141-00032600-00032790 deck the installation of a replica of
ISeNEEXf3IA-00142-00032791-00033031 the b and o warehouse's original canopy
ISeNEEXf3IA-00143-00033032-00033199 and the addition of a lounge atop the
ISeNEEXf3IA-00144-00033200-00033383 batter's eye in center field which had
ISeNEEXf3IA-00145-00033384-00033574 been previously been inaccessible to
ISeNEEXf3IA-00146-00033575-00033695 fans
ISeNEEXf3IA-00147-00033696-00033862 the lounge would contain a restaurant
ISeNEEXf3IA-00148-00033863-00034062 and have bar style and casual deck
ISeNEEXf3IA-00149-00034063-00034311 seating where fans could watch the game
ISeNEEXf3IA-00150-00034312-00034535 the team also announced that cast bronze
ISeNEEXf3IA-00151-00034536-00034743 statues of all the oriole baseball hall
ISeNEEXf3IA-00152-00034744-00034943 of famers would be erected in the picnic
ISeNEEXf3IA-00153-00034944-00035159 area beyond the bullpens in left-center
ISeNEEXf3IA-00154-00035160-00035262 field
ISeNEEXf3IA-00155-00035263-00035439 furthermore the right-field wall would
ISeNEEXf3IA-00156-00035440-00035718 be lowered from 25 feet to 21 feet to
ISeNEEXf3IA-00157-00035719-00035911 improve the view of the field from utah
ISeNEEXf3IA-00158-00035912-00036015 street
ISeNEEXf3IA-00159-00036016-00036239 topic b and o warehouse the stadium
ISeNEEXf3IA-00160-00036240-00036446 planners incorporated the warehouse into
ISeNEEXf3IA-00161-00036447-00036615 the architecture of the ballpark
ISeNEEXf3IA-00162-00036616-00036790 experience rather than demolish or
ISeNEEXf3IA-00163-00036791-00036918 truncate it
ISeNEEXf3IA-00164-00036919-00037102 the floors of the warehouse contain
ISeNEEXf3IA-00165-00037103-00037327 offices service spaces and a private
ISeNEEXf3IA-00166-00037328-00037430 club
ISeNEEXf3IA-00167-00037431-00037615 the warehouse has been hit by a ball
ISeNEEXf3IA-00168-00037616-00037830 only once by ken griffey jr during the
ISeNEEXf3IA-00169-00037831-00038151 home run derby of the 1993 mlb all-star
ISeNEEXf3IA-00170-00038152-00038255 game
ISeNEEXf3IA-00171-00038256-00038487 topic utah street utah street between
ISeNEEXf3IA-00172-00038488-00038687 the stadium and the warehouse is closed
ISeNEEXf3IA-00173-00038688-00038879 to vehicular traffic
ISeNEEXf3IA-00174-00038880-00039079 along this street spectators can get a
ISeNEEXf3IA-00175-00039080-00039295 view of the game or visit the many shops
ISeNEEXf3IA-00176-00039296-00039415 and restaurants that line the
ISeNEEXf3IA-00177-00039416-00039615 thoroughfare including former oriole
ISeNEEXf3IA-00178-00039616-00039927 star bug powell's outdoor barbecue stand
ISeNEEXf3IA-00179-00039928-00040143 on game days pedestrians must have a
ISeNEEXf3IA-00180-00040144-00040318 ticket in order to walk on the part of
ISeNEEXf3IA-00181-00040319-00040518 utah street adjacent to the stadium
ISeNEEXf3IA-00182-00040519-00040735 however on non-game days the street is
ISeNEEXf3IA-00183-00040736-00040951 open to all while access to the stadium
ISeNEEXf3IA-00184-00040952-00041071 is gated
ISeNEEXf3IA-00185-00041072-00041390 sections 90-98 called utah street palace
ISeNEEXf3IA-00186-00041391-00041574 are located not in the stadium but
ISeNEEXf3IA-00187-00041575-00041774 adjacent to utah street with the seats
ISeNEEXf3IA-00188-00041775-00042023 descending toward the outfield below
ISeNEEXf3IA-00189-00042024-00042239 if a game sells out fans may purchase
ISeNEEXf3IA-00190-00042240-00042479 reduced price standing room only tickets
ISeNEEXf3IA-00191-00042480-00042687 which entitle them to enter utah street
ISeNEEXf3IA-00192-00042688-00042879 and watch the game from two designated
ISeNEEXf3IA-00193-00042880-00043127 standing areas in lf bullpen area or
ISeNEEXf3IA-00194-00043128-00043351 above scoreboard in rf
ISeNEEXf3IA-00195-00043352-00043590 many home run balls have landed on utah
ISeNEEXf3IA-00196-00043591-00043790 street and the orioles organization has
ISeNEEXf3IA-00197-00043791-00043927 marked the spots with small
ISeNEEXf3IA-00198-00043928-00044143 baseball-shaped bronze plaques embedded
ISeNEEXf3IA-00199-00044144-00044311 in the street though it sometimes takes
ISeNEEXf3IA-00200-00044312-00044479 up to a year for each homer to get a
ISeNEEXf3IA-00201-00044480-00044583 plaque
ISeNEEXf3IA-00202-00044584-00044783 the first home run to reach utah street
ISeNEEXf3IA-00203-00044784-00044943 was hit by mickey tettleton of the
ISeNEEXf3IA-00204-00044944-00045302 detroit tigers on april 20 1992
ISeNEEXf3IA-00205-00045303-00045527 the most recent home run to land on utah
ISeNEEXf3IA-00206-00045528-00045702 street was a shot by greg byrd of the
ISeNEEXf3IA-00207-00045703-00046046 new york yankees on july 11 2018.
ISeNEEXf3IA-00208-00046047-00046399 as of july 11 2018 97 home runs have
ISeNEEXf3IA-00209-00046400-00046702 landed on utah street in stadium history
ISeNEEXf3IA-00210-00046703-00046967 the june 29 2012 game against the
ISeNEEXf3IA-00211-00046968-00047158 cleveland indians was only the second
ISeNEEXf3IA-00212-00047159-00047351 time multiple home runs have landed on
ISeNEEXf3IA-00213-00047352-00047583 utah street in a single game
ISeNEEXf3IA-00214-00047584-00047735 the first occurrence was during the
ISeNEEXf3IA-00215-00047736-00048055 april 11 1997 game against the texas
ISeNEEXf3IA-00216-00048056-00048279 rangers when rafael palmeiro hit two
ISeNEEXf3IA-00217-00048280-00048558 home runs which landed on utah street
ISeNEEXf3IA-00218-00048559-00048774 the single-season record for home runs
ISeNEEXf3IA-00219-00048775-00049367 landing on utah street as 8 set in 2008.
ISeNEEXf3IA-00220-00049368-00049895 topic blocked skyline views
ISeNEEXf3IA-00221-00049896-00050207 in 200708 construction started on two
ISeNEEXf3IA-00222-00050208-00050390 large buildings beyond the stadium's
ISeNEEXf3IA-00223-00050391-00050611 outfield walls a
ISeNEEXf3IA-00224-00050612-00050902 757-room hilton baltimore hotel north of
ISeNEEXf3IA-00225-00050903-00051135 the stadium occupying a two-city block
ISeNEEXf3IA-00226-00051136-00051350 area and a high-rise apartment building
ISeNEEXf3IA-00227-00051351-00051614 both completed in 2009 which have
ISeNEEXf3IA-00228-00051615-00051807 blocked views of the city's skyline from
ISeNEEXf3IA-00229-00051808-00052046 most sections of the grandstand the
ISeNEEXf3IA-00230-00052047-00052399 baltimore sun set on april 21 2008.
ISeNEEXf3IA-00231-00052400-00052547 there's just a glimpse of the
ISeNEEXf3IA-00232-00052548-00052799 bromo-seltzer towers crenellated top
ISeNEEXf3IA-00233-00052800-00052975 just to the right of the new hilton
ISeNEEXf3IA-00234-00052976-00053375 baltimore convention center hotel
ISeNEEXf3IA-00235-00053376-00053575 somethings drastically different at
ISeNEEXf3IA-00236-00053576-00053879 oriole park this year
ISeNEEXf3IA-00237-00053879-00054111 the sweeping view of downtown baltimore
ISeNEEXf3IA-00238-00054112-00054375 that fans have enjoyed for the past 16
ISeNEEXf3IA-00239-00054376-00054847 seasons has changed considerably
ISeNEEXf3IA-00240-00054848-00055054 peter schmuck complained the big
ISeNEEXf3IA-00241-00055055-00055423 antiseptic convention hotel
ISeNEEXf3IA-00242-00055424-00055759 looms over camden yards
ISeNEEXf3IA-00243-00055760-00055959 and has blocked out the best part of the
ISeNEEXf3IA-00244-00055960-00056199 baltimore skyline
ISeNEEXf3IA-00245-00056200-00056447 a washington post columnist called it a
ISeNEEXf3IA-00246-00056448-00056679 cruel cubist joke on a previously
ISeNEEXf3IA-00247-00056679-00056854 perfect ballpark
ISeNEEXf3IA-00248-00056855-00057015 although others said they were pleased
ISeNEEXf3IA-00249-00057016-00057191 with new construction downtown as
ISeNEEXf3IA-00250-00057191-00057775 indicative of urban revitalization
ISeNEEXf3IA-00251-00057776-00058215 notable events
ISeNEEXf3IA-00252-00058216-00058703 topic notable games
ISeNEEXf3IA-00253-00058704-00059079 september 6 1995 cal ripken jr broke lou
ISeNEEXf3IA-00254-00059079-00059226 gehrig's record of
ISeNEEXf3IA-00255-00059227-00059511 2130 consecutive games played and hit a
ISeNEEXf3IA-00256-00059512-00059711 home run during that game
ISeNEEXf3IA-00257-00059712-00059894 attendees included president bill
ISeNEEXf3IA-00258-00059895-00060111 clinton vice president al gore joe
ISeNEEXf3IA-00259-00060112-00060430 dimaggio and cal ripken senior
ISeNEEXf3IA-00260-00060432-00060759 september 6 1996 eddie murray hit his
ISeNEEXf3IA-00261-00060760-00061023 500th career home run exactly one year
ISeNEEXf3IA-00262-00061024-00061247 after cal ripken jr broke lou gehrig's
ISeNEEXf3IA-00263-00061248-00061487 consecutive game streak
ISeNEEXf3IA-00264-00061488-00061830 october 15 1997 the cleveland indians
ISeNEEXf3IA-00265-00061832-00062263 win game 6 of the 1997 alcs 1-0 in 11
ISeNEEXf3IA-00266-00062264-00062471 innings to win the series 4-2 and
ISeNEEXf3IA-00267-00062472-00062791 advance to the 1997 world series
ISeNEEXf3IA-00268-00062791-00063015 to date this is the closest the orioles
ISeNEEXf3IA-00269-00063016-00063206 have been to hosting a world series in
ISeNEEXf3IA-00270-00063207-00063415 camden yards with the last one occurring
ISeNEEXf3IA-00271-00063416-00063615 14 years before when they were still
ISeNEEXf3IA-00272-00063616-00063854 playing at memorial stadium
ISeNEEXf3IA-00273-00063855-00064182 may 3 1999 the cuban national baseball
ISeNEEXf3IA-00274-00064183-00064438 team defeats the orioles 12 to 6 in the
ISeNEEXf3IA-00275-00064439-00064647 second game of a two-game exhibition
ISeNEEXf3IA-00276-00064648-00064791 series
ISeNEEXf3IA-00277-00064791-00065087 april 4 2001 hideo nomo pitched the
ISeNEEXf3IA-00278-00065088-00065287 first no-hitter in the history of camden
ISeNEEXf3IA-00279-00065288-00065631 yards walking 3 and striking out 11.
ISeNEEXf3IA-00280-00065632-00065959 october 4 2001 tim reigns senior played
ISeNEEXf3IA-00281-00065960-00066182 left field and tim raines jr played
ISeNEEXf3IA-00282-00066183-00066406 center field in the 5-4 loss to the
ISeNEEXf3IA-00283-00066407-00066638 boston red sox becoming only the second
ISeNEEXf3IA-00284-00066639-00066911 father-son duo to play in the same game
ISeNEEXf3IA-00285-00066912-00067143 ken griffey senior and ken griffey jr
ISeNEEXf3IA-00286-00067144-00067359 were the only other father-son duo to do
ISeNEEXf3IA-00287-00067360-00067575 so with the seattle mariners on august
ISeNEEXf3IA-00288-00067576-00067838 31 1990
ISeNEEXf3IA-00289-00067839-00068247 october 6 2001 cal ripken jr's final mlb
ISeNEEXf3IA-00290-00068248-00068343 game
ISeNEEXf3IA-00291-00068344-00068567 former president bill clinton and mlb
ISeNEEXf3IA-00292-00068568-00068735 commissioner bud selig were in
ISeNEEXf3IA-00293-00068736-00068894 attendance
ISeNEEXf3IA-00294-00068895-00069247 august 22nd 2007 the texas rangers beat
ISeNEEXf3IA-00295-00069248-00069463 the orioles 30-3 in game one of a
ISeNEEXf3IA-00296-00069464-00069663 double-header the highest scoring game
ISeNEEXf3IA-00297-00069664-00069903 in 110 years
ISeNEEXf3IA-00298-00069904-00070231 may 31 2008 manny ramirez of the boston
ISeNEEXf3IA-00299-00070232-00070487 red sox hits his 500th home run in a
ISeNEEXf3IA-00300-00070488-00070719 game against the orioles
ISeNEEXf3IA-00301-00070720-00071015 june 30 2009 the orioles rallied to
ISeNEEXf3IA-00302-00071016-00071247 score 10 runs against the red sox after
ISeNEEXf3IA-00303-00071248-00071479 facing a 10-1 deficit in the seventh
ISeNEEXf3IA-00304-00071480-00071671 inning breaking the franchise record for
ISeNEEXf3IA-00305-00071672-00071838 the largest comeback and the major
ISeNEEXf3IA-00306-00071839-00072023 league baseball record for the largest
ISeNEEXf3IA-00307-00072024-00072223 comeback by a last-place team over a
ISeNEEXf3IA-00308-00072224-00072406 first-place team
ISeNEEXf3IA-00309-00072407-00072726 september 28 2011 the orioles defeated
ISeNEEXf3IA-00310-00072727-00072935 the boston red sox in the final day of
ISeNEEXf3IA-00311-00072936-00073223 the season with a 3-4 walk-off win
ISeNEEXf3IA-00312-00073224-00073431 the loss coupled with the tampa bay rays
ISeNEEXf3IA-00313-00073432-00073687 8-7 victory over the new york yankees at
ISeNEEXf3IA-00314-00073688-00073919 tropicana field minutes later eliminated
ISeNEEXf3IA-00315-00073920-00074206 the red sox from post-season contention
ISeNEEXf3IA-00316-00074207-00074415 the red sox became the first team in
ISeNEEXf3IA-00317-00074416-00074631 baseball history to miss the post-season
ISeNEEXf3IA-00318-00074632-00074823 after leading by as many as nine games
ISeNEEXf3IA-00319-00074824-00075006 for a playoff spot entering the month of
ISeNEEXf3IA-00320-00075007-00075167 september
ISeNEEXf3IA-00321-00075168-00075471 may 8 2012 josh hamilton tied the major
ISeNEEXf3IA-00322-00075472-00075671 league baseball record for home runs in
ISeNEEXf3IA-00323-00075672-00075959 a game with four he went five for five
ISeNEEXf3IA-00324-00075960-00076206 with four home runs and one double
ISeNEEXf3IA-00325-00076207-00076582 april 29 2015 as a result of the 2015
ISeNEEXf3IA-00326-00076583-00076775 baltimore riots the game against the
ISeNEEXf3IA-00327-00076776-00076991 white sox was closed to the public the
ISeNEEXf3IA-00328-00076992-00077206 first time that has ever happened in mlb
ISeNEEXf3IA-00329-00077207-00077326 history
ISeNEEXf3IA-00330-00077327-00077575 topic ballpark first's topic design and
ISeNEEXf3IA-00331-00077576-00077775 features camden yards was built on land
ISeNEEXf3IA-00332-00077776-00077943 that once served as the rail yard for
ISeNEEXf3IA-00333-00077944-00078175 the baltimore and ohio railroads camden
ISeNEEXf3IA-00334-00078176-00078287 station
ISeNEEXf3IA-00335-00078288-00078447 the view from much of the park is
ISeNEEXf3IA-00336-00078448-00078631 dominated by the former b and o
ISeNEEXf3IA-00337-00078632-00078894 warehouse behind the right field wall
ISeNEEXf3IA-00338-00078895-00079087 some seats in the stadium have a good
ISeNEEXf3IA-00339-00079088-00079367 view of the downtown baltimore skyline
ISeNEEXf3IA-00340-00079368-00079591 the bullpen area was designed after many
ISeNEEXf3IA-00341-00079592-00079759 write-in designs were submitted by the
ISeNEEXf3IA-00342-00079760-00079879 public
ISeNEEXf3IA-00343-00079880-00080103 its unique two-tiered design was a first
ISeNEEXf3IA-00344-00080104-00080294 in major league parks
ISeNEEXf3IA-00345-00080295-00080511 a picnic area is located above and
ISeNEEXf3IA-00346-00080512-00080759 behind the bullpens rows of picnic
ISeNEEXf3IA-00347-00080760-00080950 tables covered by orange umbrellas are
ISeNEEXf3IA-00348-00080951-00081206 available for fans to sit and eat
ISeNEEXf3IA-00349-00081207-00081438 many trees are located there too
ISeNEEXf3IA-00350-00081439-00081631 many fans at home games view the game
ISeNEEXf3IA-00351-00081632-00081782 from behind the railing behind the
ISeNEEXf3IA-00352-00081783-00081918 bullpens
ISeNEEXf3IA-00353-00081919-00082159 until the 2012 season the mid-atlantic
ISeNEEXf3IA-00354-00082160-00082399 sports network's pre and post-game shows
ISeNEEXf3IA-00355-00082400-00082615 before orioles home games were televised
ISeNEEXf3IA-00356-00082616-00082911 in an outdoor studio behind the bullpens
ISeNEEXf3IA-00357-00082912-00083118 bronze sculptures of the six orioles
ISeNEEXf3IA-00358-00083119-00083279 greats whose uniform numbers were
ISeNEEXf3IA-00359-00083280-00083479 retired by the ball club were unveiled
ISeNEEXf3IA-00360-00083480-00083662 individually in the walking zone of the
ISeNEEXf3IA-00361-00083663-00083847 area behind the bullpens throughout the
ISeNEEXf3IA-00362-00083848-00084015 2012 season
ISeNEEXf3IA-00363-00084016-00084238 the statues were created by antonio
ISeNEEXf3IA-00364-00084239-00084462 tobias mendes and cast at the locally
ISeNEEXf3IA-00365-00084463-00084662 based new arts foundry on the street
ISeNEEXf3IA-00366-00084663-00084879 there is a statue of babe ruth entitled
ISeNEEXf3IA-00367-00084880-00085206 babe's dream created in 1996 by sculptor
ISeNEEXf3IA-00368-00085207-00085359 susan luery
ISeNEEXf3IA-00369-00085360-00085543 in the same courtyard one will find
ISeNEEXf3IA-00370-00085544-00085759 sculptures indicating the retired jersey
ISeNEEXf3IA-00371-00085760-00085999 numbers of the baltimore orioles
ISeNEEXf3IA-00372-00086000-00086191 the stadium is the first major league
ISeNEEXf3IA-00373-00086192-00086375 park to have an outfield wall made up
ISeNEEXf3IA-00374-00086376-00086575 entirely of straight wall segments since
ISeNEEXf3IA-00375-00086576-00086718 ebbets field
ISeNEEXf3IA-00376-00086719-00086935 the playing field is 16 feet below
ISeNEEXf3IA-00377-00086936-00087038 street level
ISeNEEXf3IA-00378-00087039-00087259 the stadium contains
ISeNEEXf3IA-00379-00087260-00087694 4631 club seats and 72 luxury suites
ISeNEEXf3IA-00380-00087695-00087903 every seat in the ballpark is green
ISeNEEXf3IA-00381-00087904-00088118 except for two one in left field which
ISeNEEXf3IA-00382-00088119-00088406 marks the spot of cal ripken's 270
ISeNEEXf3IA-00383-00088407-00088623 career home run breaking ernie bank's
ISeNEEXf3IA-00384-00088624-00088847 all-time record among shortstops and one
ISeNEEXf3IA-00385-00088848-00089031 in right field which marks the spot of
ISeNEEXf3IA-00386-00089032-00089335 eddie murray's 500th career home run
ISeNEEXf3IA-00387-00089336-00089591 top exceeding capacity topic ballparks
ISeNEEXf3IA-00388-00089592-00089815 influenced by camden yard's camden yards
ISeNEEXf3IA-00389-00089816-00089991 lights spell out go orioles all
ISeNEEXf3IA-00390-00089992-00090199 throughout the month of september
ISeNEEXf3IA-00391-00090200-00090479 since its opening day in 1992 camden
ISeNEEXf3IA-00392-00090480-00090759 yards was a success and fan favorite
ISeNEEXf3IA-00393-00090760-00090935 attendance jumped from an average of
ISeNEEXf3IA-00394-00090936-00091206 25722
ISeNEEXf3IA-00395-00091207-00091423 the last 10 years of memorial stadium's
ISeNEEXf3IA-00396-00091424-00091650 tenure to an average of
ISeNEEXf3IA-00397-00091651-00091926 43490 over the first 10 years of camden
ISeNEEXf3IA-00398-00091927-00092094 yard's existence
ISeNEEXf3IA-00399-00092095-00092311 due to its success many other cities
ISeNEEXf3IA-00400-00092312-00092511 built traditional feeling asymmetrical
ISeNEEXf3IA-00401-00092512-00092726 ballparks with modern amenities such as
ISeNEEXf3IA-00402-00092727-00092999 skyboxes in a downtown setting
ISeNEEXf3IA-00403-00093000-00093231 many of these stadiums like camden yards
ISeNEEXf3IA-00404-00093232-00093423 incorporate retro features in the
ISeNEEXf3IA-00405-00093424-00093671 stadium exteriors as well as interiors
ISeNEEXf3IA-00406-00093672-00093831 these parks have been dubbed retro
ISeNEEXf3IA-00407-00093832-00094150 classic parks other parks known as retro
ISeNEEXf3IA-00408-00094151-00094350 modern parks have combined retro
ISeNEEXf3IA-00409-00094351-00094559 interiors with more modern exterior
ISeNEEXf3IA-00410-00094560-00094671 elements
ISeNEEXf3IA-00411-00094672-00094887 the park also ended a quarter-century
ISeNEEXf3IA-00412-00094888-00095103 trend of multi-purpose stadiums in which
ISeNEEXf3IA-00413-00095104-00095287 baseball and football teams shared the
ISeNEEXf3IA-00414-00095288-00095550 same stadium although intended to cut
ISeNEEXf3IA-00415-00095551-00095774 costs the fundamentally different sizes
ISeNEEXf3IA-00416-00095775-00095959 and shapes of baseball and football
ISeNEEXf3IA-00417-00095960-00096174 fields made this concept fundamentally
ISeNEEXf3IA-00418-00096175-00096374 inadequate for either sport
ISeNEEXf3IA-00419-00096375-00096623 by the 2012 season all but two teams
ISeNEEXf3IA-00420-00096624-00096879 played in baseball baseball-only parks
ISeNEEXf3IA-00421-00096880-00097118 retro classic parks include globe life
ISeNEEXf3IA-00422-00097119-00097335 park in arlington in arlington texas
ISeNEEXf3IA-00423-00097336-00097791 1994 coors field in denver 1995 at t
ISeNEEXf3IA-00424-00097792-00098111 park in san francisco 2000 comerica park
ISeNEEXf3IA-00425-00098112-00098423 in detroit 2000 pnc park in pittsburgh
ISeNEEXf3IA-00426-00098424-00098735 2001 citizens bank park in philadelphia
ISeNEEXf3IA-00427-00098736-00099038 2004 bush stadium in saint
ISeNEEXf3IA-00428-00099039-00099374 louis 2006 citi field in queens new york
ISeNEEXf3IA-00429-00099375-00099638 city 2009 new yankee stadium in the
ISeNEEXf3IA-00430-00099639-00099967 bronx new york city 2009 guaranteed rate
ISeNEEXf3IA-00431-00099968-00100162 field in chicago
ISeNEEXf3IA-00432-00100163-00100487 1991-2011 this park opened in 1991 as
ISeNEEXf3IA-00433-00100488-00100647 the last of the so-called modern
ISeNEEXf3IA-00434-00100648-00100782 ballparks
ISeNEEXf3IA-00435-00100783-00101047 it was heavily renovated from 2001 to
ISeNEEXf3IA-00436-00101048-00101318 2011 into a retro classic park retro
ISeNEEXf3IA-00437-00101319-00101543 modern parks include progressive field
ISeNEEXf3IA-00438-00101544-00101823 in cleveland 1994 angel stadium of
ISeNEEXf3IA-00439-00101824-00102206 anaheim in anaheim 1966 1998 angel
ISeNEEXf3IA-00440-00102207-00102575 stadium opened in 1966 as a modern park
ISeNEEXf3IA-00441-00102576-00102918 from 1979 to 1980 it was converted into
ISeNEEXf3IA-00442-00102919-00103086 a multipurpose park shared with the
ISeNEEXf3IA-00443-00103088-00103342 nfl's los angeles rams
ISeNEEXf3IA-00444-00103343-00103534 after the rams moved to saint louis
ISeNEEXf3IA-00445-00103535-00103847 after the 1994 nfl season the stadium
ISeNEEXf3IA-00446-00103848-00104071 was extensively renovated a second time
ISeNEEXf3IA-00447-00104072-00104375 from 1996 to 1998 with the most
ISeNEEXf3IA-00448-00104376-00104566 significant change being the removal of
ISeNEEXf3IA-00449-00104567-00104734 almost all of the seats added for
ISeNEEXf3IA-00450-00104735-00104854 football
ISeNEEXf3IA-00451-00104855-00105134 the final result was a retro modern park
ISeNEEXf3IA-00452-00105135-00105454 chase field in phoenix 1998 safeco field
ISeNEEXf3IA-00453-00105455-00105743 in seattle 1999 minute maid park in
ISeNEEXf3IA-00454-00105744-00106007 houston 2000 miller park in milwaukee
ISeNEEXf3IA-00455-00106008-00106263 2001 great american ball park in
ISeNEEXf3IA-00456-00106264-00106607 cincinnati 2003 petco park in san diego
ISeNEEXf3IA-00457-00106608-00106927 2004 nationals park in washington dc
ISeNEEXf3IA-00458-00106928-00107254 2008 target field in minneapolis 2010
ISeNEEXf3IA-00459-00107255-00107566 suntrust park in cumberland georgia 2017
ISeNEEXf3IA-00460-00107567-00107863 marlins park in miami opened in 2012 was
ISeNEEXf3IA-00461-00107864-00108047 the first since camden yards not
ISeNEEXf3IA-00462-00108048-00108247 classified as a retro park whether of
ISeNEEXf3IA-00463-00108248-00108495 the classic or modern variety
ISeNEEXf3IA-00464-00108496-00108671 marlin's owner jeffrey lauria
ISeNEEXf3IA-00465-00108672-00108871 specifically rejected the retro model
ISeNEEXf3IA-00466-00108872-00109086 for the new park desiring a facility
ISeNEEXf3IA-00467-00109088-00109327 that reflected the 21st century culture
ISeNEEXf3IA-00468-00109328-00109463 of miami
ISeNEEXf3IA-00469-00109464-00109663 populous which designed both camden
ISeNEEXf3IA-00470-00109664-00109863 yards and marlins park was willing to
ISeNEEXf3IA-00471-00109864-00110063 listen the lead designer for marlins
ISeNEEXf3IA-00472-00110064-00110239 park would later say the company was
ISeNEEXf3IA-00473-00110240-00110399 waiting for a client willing to break
ISeNEEXf3IA-00474-00110400-00110615 the retro mold stadium planners are
ISeNEEXf3IA-00475-00110616-00110831 labeling marlins park the first example
ISeNEEXf3IA-00476-00110832-00111134 of contemporary architecture in mlb
ISeNEEXf3IA-00477-00111135-00111407 topic non-baseball events on october 8
ISeNEEXf3IA-00478-00111408-00111751 1995. pope john paul ii celebrated mass
ISeNEEXf3IA-00479-00111752-00111958 at camden yards as part of his visit to
ISeNEEXf3IA-00480-00111959-00112134 baltimore one of the most prominent
ISeNEEXf3IA-00481-00112135-00112423 non-baseball events at camden yards
ISeNEEXf3IA-00482-00112424-00112647 topic awards and recognitions in march
ISeNEEXf3IA-00483-00112648-00112895 2013 oriel park was named the number
ISeNEEXf3IA-00484-00112896-00113071 three ballpark in the u.s by trip
ISeNEEXf3IA-00485-00113072-00113199 advisor
ISeNEEXf3IA-00486-00113200-00113419 topic attendance between
ISeNEEXf3IA-00487-00113420-00113678 1992-2000 the orioles averaged more than
ISeNEEXf3IA-00488-00113679-00113934 40 000 spectators per game with a total
ISeNEEXf3IA-00489-00113935-00114215 attendance of 3.71 million persons in
ISeNEEXf3IA-00490-00114216-00114447 the 1997 season
ISeNEEXf3IA-00491-00114448-00114647 since then attendance has declined to
ISeNEEXf3IA-00492-00114648-00115007 1.9 million in the 2009 season the
ISeNEEXf3IA-00493-00115008-00115199 current single game highest attendance
ISeNEEXf3IA-00494-00115200-00115583 record at camden yards is 49828
ISeNEEXf3IA-00495-00115583-00115871 set on july 10 2005 against the boston
ISeNEEXf3IA-00496-00115872-00116015 red sox
ISeNEEXf3IA-00497-00116016-00116302 on april 12 2010 the low attendance mark
ISeNEEXf3IA-00498-00116303-00116490 was set when just
ISeNEEXf3IA-00499-00116491-00116758 9129 fans watched the orioles play the
ISeNEEXf3IA-00500-00116759-00116927 tampa bay rays
ISeNEEXf3IA-00501-00116928-00117247 on april 29 2015 camden yards was
ISeNEEXf3IA-00502-00117248-00117439 practically empty after the riots in
ISeNEEXf3IA-00503-00117440-00117663 baltimore over freddie gray
ISeNEEXf3IA-00504-00117664-00117902 only two scouts one scoreboard display
ISeNEEXf3IA-00505-00117903-00118078 operator and the players showed up to
ISeNEEXf3IA-00506-00118079-00118366 watch and official attendance was zero
ISeNEEXf3IA-00507-00118367-00118615 this marks the first time in mlb history
ISeNEEXf3IA-00508-00118616-00118775 that the public was not permitted to
ISeNEEXf3IA-00509-00118776-00119095 attend a baseball game on august 19 2008
ISeNEEXf3IA-00510-00119096-00119327 the stadium hosted its 50 millionth fan
ISeNEEXf3IA-00511-00119328-00119590 a milestone reached in just 17 seasons
ISeNEEXf3IA-00512-00119591-00119807 the fastest park in baseball history to
ISeNEEXf3IA-00513-00119808-00119983 reach such a figure
ISeNEEXf3IA-00514-00119983-00120278 since opening in 1992 oriole park has
ISeNEEXf3IA-00515-00120279-00120486 hosted the third most number of fans in
ISeNEEXf3IA-00516-00120488-00120719 major league baseball exceeded only by
ISeNEEXf3IA-00517-00120720-00120902 dodger stadium and the first yankee
ISeNEEXf3IA-00518-00120903-00121014 stadium
ISeNEEXf3IA-00519-00121015-00121247 topic access and transportation on the
ISeNEEXf3IA-00520-00121248-00121471 far side of the b o warehouse is the
ISeNEEXf3IA-00521-00121472-00121678 present camden station served by both
ISeNEEXf3IA-00522-00121679-00121847 the baltimore light rail and mark
ISeNEEXf3IA-00523-00121848-00122110 commuter rail the latter rail line
ISeNEEXf3IA-00524-00122111-00122383 provides direct service to washington dc
ISeNEEXf3IA-00525-00122383-00122654 and the former to bwi airport
ISeNEEXf3IA-00526-00122655-00122854 the light rail service began around the
ISeNEEXf3IA-00527-00122855-00123095 time the stadium opened the stadium is
ISeNEEXf3IA-00528-00123096-00123302 located in downtown baltimore near the
ISeNEEXf3IA-00529-00123303-00123447 inner harbor
ISeNEEXf3IA-00530-00123448-00123702 the ballpark along with the adjacent m t
ISeNEEXf3IA-00531-00123703-00123886 bank stadium home of the baltimore
ISeNEEXf3IA-00532-00123888-00124086 ravens of the national football league
ISeNEEXf3IA-00533-00124088-00124319 make up the camden yard sports complex
ISeNEEXf3IA-00534-00124320-00124519 though camden yards generally refers to
ISeNEEXf3IA-00535-00124520-00124719 only the baseball stadium
ISeNEEXf3IA-00536-00124720-00124934 the football stadium was not built until
ISeNEEXf3IA-00537-00124935-00125175 1998 the raven's third season in
ISeNEEXf3IA-00538-00125176-00125302 existence
ISeNEEXf3IA-00539-00125303-00125527 camden yards is just a short walk from
ISeNEEXf3IA-00540-00125528-00125719 babe ruth's birthplace which is now a
ISeNEEXf3IA-00541-00125720-00125839 museum
ISeNEEXf3IA-00542-00125840-00126039 according to some sources roo's father
ISeNEEXf3IA-00543-00126040-00126254 once owned a pub located in what is now
ISeNEEXf3IA-00544-00126255-00126454 center field of the stadium
ISeNEEXf3IA-00545-00126455-00126743 in may 2005 a new sports museum the
ISeNEEXf3IA-00546-00126744-00126975 sports legends museum at camden yards
ISeNEEXf3IA-00547-00126976-00127175 opened in camden station
ISeNEEXf3IA-00548-00127176-00127407 it lasted only 10 years closing on
ISeNEEXf3IA-00549-00127408-00127647 october 12 2015.
ISeNEEXf3IA-00550-00127648-00127883 topic in popular culture the movie dave
ISeNEEXf3IA-00551-00127883-00128151 1993 features a scene with the president
ISeNEEXf3IA-00552-00128152-00128343 of the united states played by kevin
ISeNEEXf3IA-00553-00128344-00128519 kline throwing out the first pitch at
ISeNEEXf3IA-00554-00128520-00128671 camden yards
ISeNEEXf3IA-00555-00128672-00128847 that scene was filmed in front of an
ISeNEEXf3IA-00556-00128848-00129063 actual capacity crowd at the ballpark
ISeNEEXf3IA-00557-00129064-00129278 prior to a regular season game in early
ISeNEEXf3IA-00558-00129279-00129502 august 1992
ISeNEEXf3IA-00559-00129503-00129686 similar scenes were filmed for the chris
ISeNEEXf3IA-00560-00129688-00129886 rock movie head of state for the gina
ISeNEEXf3IA-00561-00129888-00130127 davis tv series commander-in-chief and
ISeNEEXf3IA-00562-00130128-00130390 for the 2004 season finale of the west
ISeNEEXf3IA-00563-00130391-00130478 wing
ISeNEEXf3IA-00564-00130479-00130743 a short clip in the 2005 film wedding
ISeNEEXf3IA-00565-00130744-00130958 crashers shows oriole park at camden
ISeNEEXf3IA-00566-00130959-00131063 yards
ISeNEEXf3IA-00567-00131064-00131295 the movie major league two used camden
ISeNEEXf3IA-00568-00131296-00131519 yards as the home of the indians
ISeNEEXf3IA-00569-00131520-00131702 part of the sixth season premiere of the
ISeNEEXf3IA-00570-00131703-00131990 nbc police drama series homicide life on
ISeNEEXf3IA-00571-00131991-00132254 the street was filmed at camden yards
ISeNEEXf3IA-00572-00132255-00132439 in these scenes the detectives must
ISeNEEXf3IA-00573-00132440-00132639 hurry to solve a murder at camden yards
ISeNEEXf3IA-00574-00132640-00132823 before a game between the orioles and
ISeNEEXf3IA-00575-00132824-00133023 the new york yankees ends
ISeNEEXf3IA-00576-00133024-00133366 the pilot of the hbo 2009 comedy series
ISeNEEXf3IA-00577-00133367-00133543 east bound and down begins with an
ISeNEEXf3IA-00578-00133544-00133783 aerial shot of camden yards however when
ISeNEEXf3IA-00579-00133784-00133999 actor danny mcbride takes the mound the
ISeNEEXf3IA-00580-00134000-00134166 field level shot is at a different
ISeNEEXf3IA-00581-00134167-00134295 ballpark
ISeNEEXf3IA-00582-00134296-00134519 a portion of an episode of the hbo
ISeNEEXf3IA-00583-00134520-00134751 series the wire a show about police
ISeNEEXf3IA-00584-00134752-00134966 officers and drug dealers in baltimore
ISeNEEXf3IA-00585-00134967-00135183 was filmed during an actual orioles game
ISeNEEXf3IA-00586-00135184-00135383 in which characters jimmy mcnulty and
ISeNEEXf3IA-00587-00135384-00135599 bunk morland played by dominic west and
ISeNEEXf3IA-00588-00135600-00135799 wendell pearce take their sons to a game
ISeNEEXf3IA-00589-00135800-00136087 while discussing a case house of cards
ISeNEEXf3IA-00590-00136088-00136287 features vice president of the united
ISeNEEXf3IA-00591-00136288-00136502 states frank underwood kevin spacey
ISeNEEXf3IA-00592-00136503-00136695 throwing out a ceremonial first pitch at
ISeNEEXf3IA-00593-00136696-00136863 camden yards
ISeNEEXf3IA-00594-00136864-00137119 spacey a noted orioles fan who actually
ISeNEEXf3IA-00595-00137120-00137319 threw a real ceremonial first pitch
ISeNEEXf3IA-00596-00137320-00137535 against the blue jays a season ago is
ISeNEEXf3IA-00597-00137536-00137719 first seen wearing a jacket featuring
ISeNEEXf3IA-00598-00137720-00137902 the cartoon bird in the tunnel to the
ISeNEEXf3IA-00599-00137903-00138102 team dugout as he is being introduced to
ISeNEEXf3IA-00600-00138103-00138231 the crowd
ISeNEEXf3IA-00601-00138232-00138463 former closer jim johnson and outfielder
ISeNEEXf3IA-00602-00138464-00138678 nate mcclouth meet spacey's character on
ISeNEEXf3IA-00603-00138679-00138854 the field with johnson expecting to
ISeNEEXf3IA-00604-00138855-00139039 receive the pitch as the stadium lights
ISeNEEXf3IA-00605-00139040-00139190 suddenly go out
ISeNEEXf3IA-00606-00139191-00139414 for added realism the crowd even yells
ISeNEEXf3IA-00607-00139415-00139639 oh during the national anthem
ISeNEEXf3IA-00608-00139640-00139871 topic references topic external links
ISeNEEXf3IA-00609-00139872-00140083 stadium site on orioles
ISeNEEXf3IA-00610-00140084-00140439 com ballpark digest visit to oriole park
ISeNEEXf3IA-00611-00140440-00140623 at camden yards
ISeNEEXf3IA-00612-00140624-00140847 summary of camden yards
ISeNEEXf3IA-00613-00140848-00141151 technical information on camden yards
ISeNEEXf3IA-00614-00141152-00141454 camden yards images and information
ISeNEEXf3IA-00615-00141455-00141915 top 10 ballparks by men's fitness
ITw0KduXIBU-00000-00000512-00002973 oh it's slowly getting even worse
ITw0KduXIBU-00001-00002974-00003700 [Laughter]
ITw0KduXIBU-00002-00003701-00003967 [Applause]
ITw0KduXIBU-00003-00003968-00004422 mine's not working
ITw0KduXIBU-00004-00004423-00004715 oh younger than this I can't squeeze at
ITw0KduXIBU-00005-00004716-00005281 all
ITw0KduXIBU-00006-00005282-00005561 I gotta go actually top one men down
ITw0KduXIBU-00007-00005562-00005701 like like
ITw0KduXIBU-00008-00005702-00006202 this bottom
ITw0KduXIBU-00009-00006203-00006341 oh
ITw0KduXIBU-00010-00006342-00006864 there's a two very different artists
ITw0KduXIBU-00011-00006865-00007375 JJ what's up
ITw0KduXIBU-00012-00007376-00007667 I gave what two I gave two cups and
ITw0KduXIBU-00013-00007668-00007951 that's all man
ITw0KduXIBU-00014-00007952-00008485 hey this is my game
ITw0KduXIBU-00015-00008486-00008783 there's Brody
ITw0KduXIBU-00016-00008784-00009845 damn it's a spy game
ITw0KduXIBU-00017-00009846-00010427 Jesus Christ milk
ITw0KduXIBU-00018-00010428-00010837 um
ITw0KduXIBU-00019-00010838-00011413 that would make it awkward
ITw0KduXIBU-00020-00011414-00011771 fruity looking sass right now perhaps oh
ITw0KduXIBU-00021-00011772-00012096 yeah
ITw0KduXIBU-00022-00012097-00012463 oh my God
ITw0KduXIBU-00023-00012464-00012722 oh my God
ITw0KduXIBU-00024-00012723-00013351 [Applause]
ITw0KduXIBU-00025-00013352-00014135 why is she getting more than me
ITw0KduXIBU-00026-00014136-00014409 yes
ITw0KduXIBU-00027-00014410-00014857 [Applause]
ITw0KduXIBU-00028-00014858-00015083 what what
ITw0KduXIBU-00029-00015084-00015227 Marcus
ITw0KduXIBU-00030-00015228-00015847 [Music]
ITcpSsLYm2y-00000-00000193-00002785 [Music]
ITcpSsLYm2y-00001-00002786-00003329 [Music]
ITcpSsLYm2y-00002-00003329-00003844 [Music]
ITcpSsLYm2y-00003-00003845-00003967 [Music]
ITcpSsLYm2y-00004-00003968-00004157 um
ITcpSsLYm2y-00005-00004158-00004702 [Music]
ITcpSsLYm2y-00006-00004703-00004961 hmm
ITcpSsLYm2y-00007-00004962-00007431 [Music]
ITcpSsLYm2y-00008-00007431-00008020 six
ITcpSsLYm2y-00009-00008022-00008814 [Music]
ITcpSsLYm2y-00010-00008815-00009164 um
ITcpSsLYm2y-00011-00009165-00010862 [Music]
ITcpSsLYm2y-00012-00010863-00011023 [Music]
ITcpSsLYm2y-00013-00011024-00011199 me
ITcpSsLYm2y-00014-00011200-00013046 [Music]
ITcpSsLYm2y-00015-00013047-00013943 now
ITcpSsLYm2y-00016-00013944-00015686 [Music]
ITcpSsLYm2y-00017-00015687-00016927 [Music]
ITcpSsLYm2y-00018-00016928-00017120 me
ITcpSsLYm2y-00019-00017121-00018911 [Music]
ITcpSsLYm2y-00020-00018912-00019340 uh
ITcpSsLYm2y-00021-00019341-00021607 [Music]
ITcpSsLYm2y-00022-00021608-00022494 [Music]
ITcpSsLYm2y-00023-00022495-00022705 what's your name all the way
ITcpSsLYm2y-00025-00027529-00027831 [Music]
ITcpSsLYm2y-00026-00027832-00028098 is
ITcpSsLYm2y-00027-00028099-00028455 [Music]
ITcpSsLYm2y-00028-00028456-00028645 okay
ITcpSsLYm2y-00029-00028647-00030883 [Music]
ITcpSsLYm2y-00030-00030883-00031161 yes oh
ITcpSsLYm2y-00031-00031162-00032758 [Music]
ITcpSsLYm2y-00032-00032760-00033532 down
ITcpSsLYm2y-00033-00033533-00034495 [Music]
ITcpSsLYm2y-00034-00034496-00034738 oh
ITcpSsLYm2y-00035-00034739-00037030 [Music]
ITcpSsLYm2y-00036-00037031-00037398 then
ITcpSsLYm2y-00037-00037399-00038415 [Music]
ITcpSsLYm2y-00038-00038416-00039655 yes
ITcpSsLYm2y-00039-00039656-00040462 [Music]
ITcpSsLYm2y-00040-00040463-00040935 [Music]
ITcpSsLYm2y-00041-00040936-00041168 foreign
ITcpSsLYm2y-00042-00041169-00041291 [Music]
ITcpSsLYm2y-00043-00041292-00041320 [Applause]
ITcpSsLYm2y-00044-00041321-00043318 [Music]
ITcpSsLYm2y-00045-00043319-00043540 what's up
ITcpSsLYm2y-00046-00043541-00045168 [Music]
ITcpSsLYm2y-00047-00045169-00045327 [Music]
ITcpSsLYm2y-00048-00045328-00045575 uh
ITcpSsLYm2y-00049-00045576-00046430 [Music]
ITcpSsLYm2y-00050-00046431-00047172 is
ITcpSsLYm2y-00051-00047173-00048502 [Music]
ITcpSsLYm2y-00052-00048503-00048919 um
ITcpSsLYm2y-00053-00048920-00051030 [Music]
ITcpSsLYm2y-00054-00051031-00051351 me
ITcpSsLYm2y-00055-00051352-00052175 [Music]
ITcpSsLYm2y-00056-00052176-00052491 that one
IYy41kXCHj8-00000-00000032-00000655 I was I got two piece of the time Person
IYy41kXCHj8-00001-00000656-00000948 of the Year but I was only one face
IYy41kXCHj8-00002-00000949-00001231 representing any many people as it was
IYy41kXCHj8-00003-00001232-00001494 the Ebola fighters which included all of
IYy41kXCHj8-00004-00001495-00001752 those people at our hospital from the
IYy41kXCHj8-00005-00001753-00001939 doctors and nurses to the janitors in
IYy41kXCHj8-00006-00001939-00002233 the cashiers and it took that entire
IYy41kXCHj8-00007-00002234-00002563 community to fight Ebola and and I think
IYy41kXCHj8-00008-00002564-00002782 it was it was an honor to be counted
IYy41kXCHj8-00009-00002783-00003013 among them that is great achievement so
IYy41kXCHj8-00010-00003014-00003277 everyone who wants to set up a question
IYy41kXCHj8-00012-00006563-00006864 how it felt the disease itself was
IYy41kXCHj8-00013-00006865-00007470 terrifying and painful and and terrible
IYy41kXCHj8-00014-00007472-00008184 awful to survive you know there are
IYy41kXCHj8-00015-00008186-00008374 there were eleven thousand three hundred
IYy41kXCHj8-00016-00008375-00008656 people who died in West Africa there are
IYy41kXCHj8-00017-00008657-00008908 nearly 15,000 survivors now of this
IYy41kXCHj8-00018-00008909-00009288 outbreak and I think it's very important
IYy41kXCHj8-00019-00009289-00009708 that the medical community recognize
IYy41kXCHj8-00020-00009709-00010009 that these survivors are unique they
IYy41kXCHj8-00021-00010010-00010249 have a problem that that the medical
IYy41kXCHj8-00022-00010250-00010413 community has not never learned how to
IYy41kXCHj8-00023-00010414-00010989 manage and so I I encourage you maybe
IYy41kXCHj8-00024-00010990-00011155 you won't see Ebola survivors in
IYy41kXCHj8-00025-00011156-00011542 Macedonia but you might or you might
IYy41kXCHj8-00026-00011543-00011719 travel to a place where there are
IYy41kXCHj8-00027-00011720-00011985 survivors and I encourage you to not
IYy41kXCHj8-00028-00011986-00012337 place a stigma on them as someone who
IYy41kXCHj8-00029-00012338-00012667 who had this terrible disease but to
IYy41kXCHj8-00030-00012668-00012844 treat them with compassion recognizing
IYy41kXCHj8-00031-00012844-00013405 the trauma they've been through
IYy41kXCHj8-00032-00013406-00013711 surely can you tell us something about
IYy41kXCHj8-00033-00013712-00014353 your new book and what about my wife and
IYy41kXCHj8-00034-00014354-00014638 I wrote a book the title is called for
IYy41kXCHj8-00035-00014640-00014881 life how loving our neighbor led us into
IYy41kXCHj8-00036-00014882-00015283 the heart of the Ebola epidemic it was
IYy41kXCHj8-00037-00015284-00015508 published in America I think it's going
IYy41kXCHj8-00038-00015509-00015974 to be published in Germany and it is it
IYy41kXCHj8-00039-00015975-00016339 is our story it's much more detail about
IYy41kXCHj8-00040-00016340-00016664 the story I just told but it also tells
IYy41kXCHj8-00041-00016665-00017072 about who we are and where we come from
IYy41kXCHj8-00042-00017073-00017405 and why we were doing what we did in in
IYy41kXCHj8-00043-00017406-00017753 Liberia and we told we felt a real
IYy41kXCHj8-00044-00017754-00017958 responsibility to share our story
IYy41kXCHj8-00045-00017959-00018494 because we think that it it can have an
IYy41kXCHj8-00046-00018495-00018805 effect two to encourage people it's a
IYy41kXCHj8-00047-00018806-00018991 it's an occur it's a good story I live
IYy41kXCHj8-00048-00018992-00019469 don't let me ruin the ending I live but
IYy41kXCHj8-00049-00019470-00019753 it also can challenge people like the
IYy41kXCHj8-00050-00019754-00019997 challenge I've just offered to you to
IYy41kXCHj8-00051-00019998-00020249 remember to choose compassion over fear
IYy41kXCHj8-00052-00020250-00020765 and we also hope that it will will give
IYy41kXCHj8-00053-00020766-00020986 people some difficult questions to
IYy41kXCHj8-00054-00020987-00021125 wrestle with because I think that's
IYy41kXCHj8-00055-00021126-00021361 important for us to do is to find the
IYy41kXCHj8-00056-00021362-00021524 difficult questions in life and wrestle
IYy41kXCHj8-00057-00021525-00022134 with them it's available on Amazon I
IYy41kXCHj8-00058-00022135-00022646 have also one question maybe two first
IYy41kXCHj8-00059-00022647-00023003 of all cities what is World Health
IYy41kXCHj8-00060-00023004-00023236 Organization doing for for stopping
IYy41kXCHj8-00061-00023237-00023884 Ebola virus because as far as I got in
IYy41kXCHj8-00062-00023885-00024289 western Africa either Somali korean /
IYy41kXCHj8-00063-00024290-00024617 Percy's is present or doctors without
IYy41kXCHj8-00064-00024618-00024889 borders but not official stuff of the
IYy41kXCHj8-00065-00024890-00025294 other world health organization's why is
IYy41kXCHj8-00066-00025295-00025608 that we age is doing only statistical
IYy41kXCHj8-00067-00025609-00025852 that was true at the beginning of the
IYy41kXCHj8-00068-00025853-00026212 outbreak you know historically over the
IYy41kXCHj8-00069-00026213-00026468 last 30 years whenever there was an
IYy41kXCHj8-00070-00026469-00026620 Ebola outbreak in Africa
IYy41kXCHj8-00071-00026622-00026789 it was always in eastern or central
IYy41kXCHj8-00072-00026789-00027137 Africa and doctors without borders or
IYy41kXCHj8-00073-00027138-00027488 MSF was always the organization to come
IYy41kXCHj8-00074-00027489-00027755 in and contain the outbreak and treat
IYy41kXCHj8-00075-00027756-00027983 the patients and they were very good at
IYy41kXCHj8-00076-00027983-00028175 it and they have been successful at
IYy41kXCHj8-00077-00028176-00028364 containing every outbreak in the past
IYy41kXCHj8-00078-00028364-00028550 and the outbreaks have gotten smaller
IYy41kXCHj8-00079-00028551-00028825 over time because of their their
IYy41kXCHj8-00080-00028826-00029255 management and at the beginning of this
IYy41kXCHj8-00081-00029256-00029620 outbreak Doctors Without Borders came in
IYy41kXCHj8-00082-00029622-00029822 and i think the World Health
IYy41kXCHj8-00083-00029823-00030089 Organization looked they saw a small
IYy41kXCHj8-00084-00030089-00030266 number of cases they saw that doctors
IYy41kXCHj8-00085-00030267-00030419 without borders was there and they said
IYy41kXCHj8-00086-00030420-00030608 it's under control they'll they'll
IYy41kXCHj8-00087-00030608-00030737 control it just like they did every
IYy41kXCHj8-00088-00030738-00031016 other outbreak but there were a lot of
IYy41kXCHj8-00089-00031017-00031183 factors about this outbreak that were
IYy41kXCHj8-00090-00031185-00031489 unprecedented it had never occurred in
IYy41kXCHj8-00091-00031491-00031682 West Africa before so the people in West
IYy41kXCHj8-00092-00031683-00031904 Africa were totally unfamiliar with it
IYy41kXCHj8-00093-00031905-00032245 and it occurred in a try border region
IYy41kXCHj8-00094-00032247-00032456 between three countries and so it spread
IYy41kXCHj8-00095-00032457-00032627 into three different countries run by
IYy41kXCHj8-00096-00032627-00032750 different governments with different
IYy41kXCHj8-00097-00032751-00032882 ministries of Health and different
IYy41kXCHj8-00098-00032883-00033256 healthcare system structures and and
IYy41kXCHj8-00099-00033257-00033503 there was a lot of fear and superstition
IYy41kXCHj8-00100-00033504-00033800 in the cultures there about what was
IYy41kXCHj8-00101-00033801-00034211 really happening and and I think the
IYy41kXCHj8-00102-00034212-00034370 World Health Organization failed to
IYy41kXCHj8-00103-00034371-00034535 realize those factors that were going to
IYy41kXCHj8-00104-00034536-00034727 make this unlike any previous outbreak
IYy41kXCHj8-00105-00034728-00034949 so they have they have said the World
IYy41kXCHj8-00106-00034950-00035243 Health Organization has said they
IYy41kXCHj8-00107-00035244-00035371 dropped the ball at the beginning of
IYy41kXCHj8-00108-00035372-00035699 this outbreak but when the international
IYy41kXCHj8-00109-00035700-00035953 community recognized what was happening
IYy41kXCHj8-00110-00035954-00036250 when the United States of America and
IYy41kXCHj8-00111-00036251-00036587 the United Kingdom Great Britain and and
IYy41kXCHj8-00112-00036588-00036953 other countries began to engage in this
IYy41kXCHj8-00113-00036954-00037271 fight it was it was in partnership with
IYy41kXCHj8-00114-00037272-00037559 the World Health Organization and and I
IYy41kXCHj8-00115-00037560-00037771 was honored and privileged to attend the
IYy41kXCHj8-00116-00037772-00037964 World Health Assembly last year in
IYy41kXCHj8-00117-00037965-00038267 Geneva and the entire conversation for
IYy41kXCHj8-00118-00038268-00038474 that entire conference of two weeks
IYy41kXCHj8-00119-00038475-00038869 every conversation came back to Ebola
IYy41kXCHj8-00120-00038870-00039107 because it was informing every other
IYy41kXCHj8-00121-00039108-00039320 conversation about every other topic and
IYy41kXCHj8-00122-00039321-00039527 I think the World Health Organization
IYy41kXCHj8-00123-00039528-00039906 has has changed the way they respond to
IYy41kXCHj8-00124-00039907-00040386 Aster's because of this experience in
IYy41kXCHj8-00125-00040387-00040629 the second if you can just give a short
IYy41kXCHj8-00126-00040630-00040881 easy about how the drug has been
IYy41kXCHj8-00127-00040882-00041133 developed that shorten the one I told
IYy41kXCHj8-00128-00041134-00041397 you Anna the the story of this drug
IYy41kXCHj8-00129-00041398-00041829 zmapp is amazing it's a monoclonal
IYy41kXCHj8-00130-00041830-00042069 antibody it's actually three monoclonal
IYy41kXCHj8-00131-00042070-00042417 antibodies combined together and the
IYy41kXCHj8-00132-00042418-00042771 science behind this this medication is
IYy41kXCHj8-00133-00042772-00042999 built on the shoulders of seven Nobel
IYy41kXCHj8-00134-00043000-00043308 prizes in science you see first they had
IYy41kXCHj8-00135-00043309-00043740 to take the virus and expose a mouse to
IYy41kXCHj8-00136-00043741-00044031 the virus and then they isolated the
IYy41kXCHj8-00137-00044032-00044276 mouse's antibodies against the virus
IYy41kXCHj8-00138-00044277-00044577 they they isolated the antibodies and
IYy41kXCHj8-00139-00044578-00044841 they broke down the proteins of the
IYy41kXCHj8-00140-00044842-00045129 antibody to find out what gene sync
IYy41kXCHj8-00141-00045130-00045432 sequence would make that antibody then
IYy41kXCHj8-00142-00045433-00045777 they synthesized that gene sequence that
IYy41kXCHj8-00143-00045778-00046032 created it synthetically and put it in a
IYy41kXCHj8-00144-00046033-00046338 virus they used that virus to infect a
IYy41kXCHj8-00145-00046339-00046731 certain kind of bacterium and and as it
IYy41kXCHj8-00146-00046732-00046923 infected the bacterium the bacterium
IYy41kXCHj8-00147-00046924-00047183 incorporated that new synthetic gene
IYy41kXCHj8-00148-00047184-00047580 into its own DNA then they took tobacco
IYy41kXCHj8-00149-00047581-00047829 plants a certain kind of tobacco plant
IYy41kXCHj8-00150-00047830-00048114 that is especially susceptible to this
IYy41kXCHj8-00151-00048115-00048528 bacteria and they they submerge the
IYy41kXCHj8-00152-00048529-00048738 tobacco plant and a solution containing
IYy41kXCHj8-00153-00048739-00049128 this bacteria and then they drew a
IYy41kXCHj8-00154-00049129-00049545 vacuum on that solution on that they put
IYy41kXCHj8-00155-00049546-00049911 it in a vacuum and the plant takes up
IYy41kXCHj8-00156-00049912-00050151 the solution then they turn off the
IYy41kXCHj8-00157-00050152-00050475 vacuum and the bacteria stay inside the
IYy41kXCHj8-00158-00050476-00050664 plant and they infect the plant and they
IYy41kXCHj8-00159-00050665-00050877 incorporate their genome into the plants
IYy41kXCHj8-00160-00050878-00051180 genome and then the plant begins to
IYy41kXCHj8-00161-00051181-00051371 produce the proteins that are now part
IYy41kXCHj8-00162-00051372-00051633 of the genes in its DNA and those
IYy41kXCHj8-00163-00051634-00051896 proteins are the heavy chain in the
IYy41kXCHj8-00164-00051897-00052212 light chain of the antibody then I guess
IYy41kXCHj8-00165-00052213-00052389 we all came from the same primordial
IYy41kXCHj8-00166-00052390-00052748 sludge and why wouldn't we have the same
IYy41kXCHj8-00167-00052749-00053085 mechanics but the plant makes these
IYy41kXCHj8-00168-00053086-00053263 proteins and they get put together
IYy41kXCHj8-00169-00053264-00053604 into the antibody and then they process
IYy41kXCHj8-00170-00053605-00053836 that the plants they they mulch them up
IYy41kXCHj8-00171-00053837-00054190 they purify the plant and extract the
IYy41kXCHj8-00172-00054191-00054679 antibody and not only did they come up
IYy41kXCHj8-00173-00054679-00054975 with this therapy but it was
IYy41kXCHj8-00174-00054976-00055240 collaboration between scientists in the
IYy41kXCHj8-00175-00055241-00055501 United States and scientists in Canada
IYy41kXCHj8-00176-00055502-00055963 they shared their data they they gave up
IYy41kXCHj8-00177-00055964-00056332 their rights to their own discovery and
IYy41kXCHj8-00178-00056333-00056689 patents because they said together we
IYy41kXCHj8-00179-00056690-00056929 could do something better for people who
IYy41kXCHj8-00180-00056929-00057154 need this drug so let's share our
IYy41kXCHj8-00181-00057154-00057346 information and see if together we can
IYy41kXCHj8-00182-00057347-00057508 we can make something better than what
IYy41kXCHj8-00183-00057509-00057666 either one of us is making on our own
IYy41kXCHj8-00184-00057667-00058017 and they did and it's that kind of
IYy41kXCHj8-00185-00058019-00058375 humility and collaboration that that
IYy41kXCHj8-00186-00058376-00058542 ultimately brought about the end of this
IYy41kXCHj8-00187-00058544-00058810 outbreak not just from those scientists
IYy41kXCHj8-00188-00058811-00058963 but from the international community
IYy41kXCHj8-00189-00058964-00059185 people being willing to work together
IYy41kXCHj8-00190-00059186-00059386 across international borders and
IYy41kXCHj8-00191-00059387-00059641 international boundaries across across
IYy41kXCHj8-00192-00059641-00060001 different faiths partnering together to
IYy41kXCHj8-00193-00060002-00060172 do what is good for for people in need
IYy41kXCHj8-00194-00060173-00060451 and I think that speaks to the heart of
IYy41kXCHj8-00195-00060452-00060841 the profession of medicine and what we
IYy41kXCHj8-00196-00060841-00061938 are called to do as physicians
IYy41kXCHj8-00197-00061939-00064311 in some Christian Relda they they
IYy41kXCHj8-00198-00064312-00064560 created that drug and they used it in
IYy41kXCHj8-00199-00064561-00064797 trials they treated some patients in
IYy41kXCHj8-00200-00064798-00065025 America as well as a trial in West
IYy41kXCHj8-00201-00065026-00065262 Africa unfortunately they stopped that
IYy41kXCHj8-00202-00065263-00065526 trial because they saw that the the
IYy41kXCHj8-00203-00065527-00065807 risks were not out weighing the benefits
IYy41kXCHj8-00204-00065808-00066333 so in theory that short interrupting RNA
IYy41kXCHj8-00205-00066334-00066561 it may have a place in the future
IYy41kXCHj8-00206-00066562-00066855 treatment of Ebola and other diseases I
IYy41kXCHj8-00207-00066856-00067146 think that drug itself taught us a lot
IYy41kXCHj8-00208-00067147-00067428 but is not not the answer for this
IYy41kXCHj8-00209-00067429-00068813 disease that's a very good question I
IYy41kXCHj8-00210-00068814-00069095 want to answer it in more than one way
IYy41kXCHj8-00211-00069096-00069630 so if you if you ask me or if you were
IYy41kXCHj8-00212-00069631-00069858 there beside me when I went to hold that
IYy41kXCHj8-00213-00069859-00070116 woman's hands and if you were to say to
IYy41kXCHj8-00214-00070117-00070389 me stop if you hold her hand you're
IYy41kXCHj8-00215-00070390-00070728 going to get Ebola would I would I do
IYy41kXCHj8-00216-00070729-00070983 anything different yes I would not have
IYy41kXCHj8-00217-00070984-00071280 intentionally exposed myself if someone
IYy41kXCHj8-00218-00071281-00071529 had said stop that's that's the point
IYy41kXCHj8-00219-00071530-00071684 where you're going to get Ebola of
IYy41kXCHj8-00220-00071685-00072039 course I wouldn't have done that but if
IYy41kXCHj8-00221-00072040-00072396 if you ask me do I regret the experience
IYy41kXCHj8-00222-00072397-00072663 and do i wish i had never engaged in
IYy41kXCHj8-00223-00072664-00072798 treating patients with Ebola than the
IYy41kXCHj8-00224-00072799-00073119 answer is no I don't regret it and I
IYy41kXCHj8-00225-00073120-00073278 hope that if I were in the same
IYy41kXCHj8-00226-00073279-00073826 situation I would do it again because I
IYy41kXCHj8-00227-00073827-00074127 i was in Liberia because I felt a call
IYy41kXCHj8-00228-00074128-00074343 from God on my life to serve him by
IYy41kXCHj8-00229-00074344-00074619 serving people in need that's what took
IYy41kXCHj8-00230-00074620-00074865 me to liberia in the first place and how
IYy41kXCHj8-00231-00074866-00075216 could I abandon them in the time of
IYy41kXCHj8-00232-00075217-00075321 greatest need
IYy41kXCHj8-00233-00075322-00075605 when when a disaster strikes there I
IYy41kXCHj8-00234-00075606-00075942 think that's I think what it means to
IYy41kXCHj8-00235-00075943-00076284 love your neighbor as yourself you know
IYy41kXCHj8-00236-00076285-00076554 if it was your child you would be moved
IYy41kXCHj8-00237-00076555-00076722 with compassion and concern for your
IYy41kXCHj8-00238-00076723-00077063 child without a doubt I think to love
IYy41kXCHj8-00239-00077064-00077223 your neighbor as yourself is to
IYy41kXCHj8-00240-00077224-00077585 recognize the suffering of others and
IYy41kXCHj8-00241-00077586-00077819 react with the same compassion you would
IYy41kXCHj8-00242-00077820-00078072 have for your own child because they are
IYy41kXCHj8-00243-00078073-00078336 a human being made in the image of God
IYy41kXCHj8-00244-00078337-00078575 who deserves love and compassion and
IYy41kXCHj8-00245-00078576-00081080 care macedonia in Spokeo and one person
IYy41kXCHj8-00246-00081081-00081368 was announced as suspicious for Nicola a
IYy41kXCHj8-00247-00081369-00081684 great panic was created at that time one
IYy41kXCHj8-00248-00081685-00082061 photo was in counting for several days
IYy41kXCHj8-00249-00082062-00082379 and finally the theory of us it is not
IYy41kXCHj8-00250-00082380-00082682 before a bit in the world they say the
IYy41kXCHj8-00251-00082683-00082979 possible case in Macedon maybe something
IYy41kXCHj8-00252-00082980-00083618 like that so this story about the drug
IYy41kXCHj8-00253-00083619-00083984 is available is actually this
IYy41kXCHj8-00254-00083985-00084238 with antibodies but because the
IYy41kXCHj8-00255-00084239-00084669 reservoir is very large but our main
IYy41kXCHj8-00256-00084670-00085137 reservoir for this type of viruses and
IYy41kXCHj8-00257-00085138-00085762 only only real control and prevention
IYy41kXCHj8-00258-00085763-00086068 would be effective vaccine but there
IYy41kXCHj8-00259-00086069-00086368 some studies going on about vaccine or
IYy41kXCHj8-00260-00086369-00086593 not because companies are not so much
IYy41kXCHj8-00261-00086594-00086798 interesting to produce with vaccines
IYy41kXCHj8-00262-00086799-00087211 less interesting to sail expansive glass
IYy41kXCHj8-00263-00087212-00087566 this drug is maybe this is not right
IYy41kXCHj8-00264-00087567-00087817 this is actually set of therapy with
IYy41kXCHj8-00265-00087818-00088324 multiple this is very expensive so in
IYy41kXCHj8-00266-00088325-00088505 English we have a saying I don't know if
IYy41kXCHj8-00267-00088506-00088669 you have something similar in Macedonian
IYy41kXCHj8-00268-00088670-00088957 that an ounce of prevention is worth a
IYy41kXCHj8-00269-00088958-00089279 pound of cure a little bit of prevention
IYy41kXCHj8-00270-00089280-00089618 is worth a lot of cure and I think
IYy41kXCHj8-00271-00089619-00089792 that's very true and you make a very
IYy41kXCHj8-00272-00089793-00090074 good point about Ebola that it's great
IYy41kXCHj8-00273-00090075-00090260 to develop therapies like the short
IYy41kXCHj8-00274-00090261-00090448 interrupting RNAs and the antibody
IYy41kXCHj8-00275-00090449-00090757 serums but those are not the solution
IYy41kXCHj8-00276-00090758-00091000 the solution is prevention and there
IYy41kXCHj8-00277-00091001-00091217 were several companies actually that did
IYy41kXCHj8-00278-00091218-00091442 produce vaccines and put them into trial
IYy41kXCHj8-00279-00091443-00091703 in West Africa and some of those a
IYy41kXCHj8-00280-00091704-00091993 couple of those have shown promise and
IYy41kXCHj8-00281-00091994-00092287 they're still analyzing the data I read
IYy41kXCHj8-00282-00092288-00092551 in the news that these two new cases in
IYy41kXCHj8-00283-00092552-00092737 Guinea they immediately started
IYy41kXCHj8-00284-00092738-00092897 vaccinating all of the known contacts
IYy41kXCHj8-00285-00092898-00093117 with one of these experimental vaccines
IYy41kXCHj8-00286-00093118-00093404 and and so those studies have been
IYy41kXCHj8-00287-00093405-00093607 promising that they may be on the verge
IYy41kXCHj8-00288-00093608-00094069 of a vey effective vaccine the next
IYy41kXCHj8-00289-00094070-00094334 question will be to whom will they give
IYy41kXCHj8-00290-00094335-00094507 it and how will it be distributed and
IYy41kXCHj8-00291-00094508-00094731 those questions are above my pay grade
IYy41kXCHj8-00292-00094732-00095119 but but I think your point is is well
IYy41kXCHj8-00293-00095120-00095621 taken and I this outbreak brought a lot
IYy41kXCHj8-00294-00095622-00095881 of attention to a disease that would
IYy41kXCHj8-00295-00095882-00096209 have otherwise been neglected and so a
IYy41kXCHj8-00296-00096210-00096548 lot of money was poured in by the United
IYy41kXCHj8-00297-00096549-00096797 States and lots of other countries into
IYy41kXCHj8-00298-00096798-00097087 Ebola research and in fact one of the
IYy41kXCHj8-00299-00097088-00097322 debates now and the United States is
IYy41kXCHj8-00300-00097323-00097562 the money that's left over that was
IYy41kXCHj8-00301-00097563-00097733 supposed to be allotted for Ebola
IYy41kXCHj8-00302-00097734-00098015 research should we should we stop that
IYy41kXCHj8-00303-00098016-00098237 and now use the same money to research
IYy41kXCHj8-00304-00098238-00098537 Zika virus because it's the it's the
IYy41kXCHj8-00305-00098538-00099017 headline disease of the week it's a very
IYy41kXCHj8-00306-00099018-00099329 complicated system and and there are a
IYy41kXCHj8-00307-00099330-00099515 lot of motivating factors for a lot of
IYy41kXCHj8-00308-00099516-00099791 entities when it comes to creating new
IYy41kXCHj8-00309-00099792-00100058 medications and drugs for diseases that
IYy41kXCHj8-00310-00100059-00100379 only affect people in poor countries but
IYy41kXCHj8-00311-00100380-00100520 I think that's why it's important to
IYy41kXCHj8-00312-00100521-00100811 recognize that diseases like Ebola and
IYy41kXCHj8-00313-00100812-00101057 Zika they don't only affect people in
IYy41kXCHj8-00314-00101058-00101333 poor countries they affect people around
IYy41kXCHj8-00315-00101334-00101765 the world and and it is it is to the
IYy41kXCHj8-00316-00101766-00101975 benefit of all of us to be concerned
IYy41kXCHj8-00317-00101976-00102202 about the well-being of the few of us
IYy41kXCHj8-00318-00102203-00102458 that's why I go back to saying that we
IYy41kXCHj8-00319-00102458-00102683 have an obligation to the weak and
IYy41kXCHj8-00320-00102683-00102968 vulnerable among us not only is it our
IYy41kXCHj8-00321-00102969-00103214 obligation to do good for them but as we
IYy41kXCHj8-00322-00103215-00103459 do good for them it we will reap the
IYy41kXCHj8-00323-00103460-00103733 benefits of that as well because their
IYy41kXCHj8-00324-00103733-00106493 vulnerability is our vulnerability so
IYy41kXCHj8-00325-00106494-00106715 there were two cases of Ebola
IYy41kXCHj8-00326-00106716-00107222 transmitted in America we had a man who
IYy41kXCHj8-00327-00107223-00107434 traveled from Liberia to the United
IYy41kXCHj8-00328-00107435-00107863 States in september-october of 2014 and
IYy41kXCHj8-00329-00107864-00108170 and then he developed Ebola he had
IYy41kXCHj8-00330-00108171-00108347 contracted it in Liberia but then he
IYy41kXCHj8-00331-00108348-00108524 didn't get sick until he was in America
IYy41kXCHj8-00332-00108525-00108760 and two of the nurses who took care of
IYy41kXCHj8-00333-00108761-00109258 him they contracted the disease so that
IYy41kXCHj8-00334-00109259-00109499 that taught us one thing that taught us
IYy41kXCHj8-00335-00109500-00109846 that from a prevention standpoint
IYy41kXCHj8-00336-00109847-00110426 America is not immune to problems but we
IYy41kXCHj8-00337-00110427-00110674 also saw that our health system
IYy41kXCHj8-00338-00110675-00111016 is such that we did not have a big
IYy41kXCHj8-00339-00111017-00111379 outbreak because of that one case just
IYy41kXCHj8-00340-00111380-00111550 the public health infrastructure is
IYy41kXCHj8-00341-00111551-00111739 totally different than the public health
IYy41kXCHj8-00342-00111740-00112012 infrastructure in West Africa what we
IYy41kXCHj8-00343-00112013-00112375 also saw is that I think there were 11
IYy41kXCHj8-00344-00112376-00112603 cases of Ebola treated in the United
IYy41kXCHj8-00345-00112604-00112864 States the two nurses were the only ones
IYy41kXCHj8-00346-00112865-00113095 who contracted it there there were two
IYy41kXCHj8-00347-00113096-00113323 others the man from West Africa and a
IYy41kXCHj8-00348-00113324-00113569 doctor who was returning from service in
IYy41kXCHj8-00349-00113570-00113797 West Africa who were both diagnosed in
IYy41kXCHj8-00350-00113798-00114106 America and then the remainder of us
IYy41kXCHj8-00351-00114107-00114310 were people who were diagnosed in West
IYy41kXCHj8-00352-00114311-00114490 Africa and then transported back for
IYy41kXCHj8-00353-00114491-00114835 treatment but of those 11 cases there
IYy41kXCHj8-00354-00114836-00115150 were only two deaths so a less than
IYy41kXCHj8-00355-00115151-00115549 twenty percent mortality rate compared
IYy41kXCHj8-00356-00115550-00115747 to forty-five or fifty percent that we
IYy41kXCHj8-00357-00115748-00116113 saw in West Africa so it's the health
IYy41kXCHj8-00358-00116114-00116389 systems make a very big difference in in
IYy41kXCHj8-00359-00116390-00116543 the spread of disease in in the
IYy41kXCHj8-00360-00116544-00117325 treatment of disease
IYy41kXCHj8-00361-00117326-00117916 I did I told you that I received three
IYy41kXCHj8-00362-00117917-00118134 blood transfusions including one from a
IYy41kXCHj8-00363-00118135-00118417 survivor and when I was back in America
IYy41kXCHj8-00364-00118418-00118686 after I had recovered in the month of
IYy41kXCHj8-00365-00118688-00118990 October there were four cases there was
IYy41kXCHj8-00366-00118991-00119380 a journalist from America who got Ebola
IYy41kXCHj8-00367-00119381-00119872 in Liberia there was my friend and
IYy41kXCHj8-00368-00119873-00120196 mentor dr. Rick who who came to Liberia
IYy41kXCHj8-00369-00120197-00120526 after I got sick because he said Kent
IYy41kXCHj8-00370-00120527-00120757 and Nancy my other colleague to kenton
IYy41kXCHj8-00371-00120758-00121069 Nancy got Ebola and and are being
IYy41kXCHj8-00372-00121070-00121294 brought back to America I have to go
IYy41kXCHj8-00373-00121295-00121480 take their place and keep the hospital
IYy41kXCHj8-00374-00121481-00121663 running because we can't let the
IYy41kXCHj8-00375-00121664-00121879 hospital shut down or people will die of
IYy41kXCHj8-00376-00121880-00122101 all sorts of other things besides Ebola
IYy41kXCHj8-00377-00122102-00122460 so he came to Liberia and after a couple
IYy41kXCHj8-00378-00122461-00122658 of weeks he ended up contracting Ebola
IYy41kXCHj8-00379-00122659-00122965 in the hospital and then there were the
IYy41kXCHj8-00380-00122966-00123238 two nurses also in in Dallas who
IYy41kXCHj8-00381-00123239-00123408 contracted Ebola from the patient from
IYy41kXCHj8-00382-00123409-00124030 West Africa and miraculously those for
IYy41kXCHj8-00383-00124031-00124286 the two nurses dr. Rick and the
IYy41kXCHj8-00384-00124288-00124657 journalist they shared the same blood
IYy41kXCHj8-00385-00124658-00124876 type with me and so I was able to donate
IYy41kXCHj8-00386-00124877-00125160 plasma for all four of them but it was
IYy41kXCHj8-00387-00125161-00125419 nothing that I did nothing that had not
IYy41kXCHj8-00388-00125420-00126789 already been done for me
IYy41kXCHj8-00389-00126790-00127058 Thank very motivational story of yours
IYy41kXCHj8-00390-00127059-00127389 and I would like to ask you Cohen
IYy41kXCHj8-00391-00127390-00127653 Portland was really for you at that
IYy41kXCHj8-00392-00127654-00127899 moment when you were struggling fighting
IYy41kXCHj8-00393-00127900-00128909 the disease believe in yourself that is
IYy41kXCHj8-00394-00128910-00129216 a very interesting question because the
IYy41kXCHj8-00395-00129217-00129768 truth is I didn't really believe in
IYy41kXCHj8-00396-00129769-00130014 myself and I wasn't convinced that i was
IYy41kXCHj8-00397-00130015-00130365 going to beat Ebola but despite that
IYy41kXCHj8-00398-00130366-00130806 fact I had tremendous peace in the midst
IYy41kXCHj8-00399-00130807-00131109 of that situation and it wasn't because
IYy41kXCHj8-00400-00131110-00131463 I was convinced that I would live it's
IYy41kXCHj8-00401-00131464-00131754 because I was convinced that what I was
IYy41kXCHj8-00402-00131755-00132224 doing was right and so even if I died
IYy41kXCHj8-00403-00132225-00132510 God granted me peace to know that even
IYy41kXCHj8-00404-00132511-00132825 if i died i was i was living in a way
IYy41kXCHj8-00405-00132826-00133062 that was faithful to him and that what
IYy41kXCHj8-00406-00133063-00133293 was that's what was most important not
IYy41kXCHj8-00407-00133294-00133776 life or death and and I'd love to talk
IYy41kXCHj8-00408-00133777-00134103 to you more about about that piece and
IYy41kXCHj8-00409-00134104-00134289 and what it means to have that piece
IYy41kXCHj8-00410-00134290-00135601 despite your circumstances
IYy41kXCHj8-00411-00135602-00135941 we have seen a drop in the mortality
IYy41kXCHj8-00412-00135942-00136158 rate a decrease in the mortality rate as
IYy41kXCHj8-00413-00136159-00136523 the epidemic went on so the mortality
IYy41kXCHj8-00414-00136524-00136733 rate near the end of the epidemic was
IYy41kXCHj8-00415-00136734-00136883 much lower than it was at the beginning
IYy41kXCHj8-00416-00136884-00137096 it all averaged out to about forty-five
IYy41kXCHj8-00417-00137097-00137483 or fifty percent I think some of the
IYy41kXCHj8-00418-00137484-00137741 lessons we learned in treating patients
IYy41kXCHj8-00419-00137742-00138068 in America and in European countries
IYy41kXCHj8-00420-00138069-00138377 really did impact our care of patients
IYy41kXCHj8-00421-00138378-00138626 with Ebola in West Africa and so I think
IYy41kXCHj8-00422-00138627-00138773 there have been improvements in that
IYy41kXCHj8-00423-00138774-00139838 care I am I my doctors at Emory
IYy41kXCHj8-00424-00139839-00140111 University Hospital are engaged in
IYy41kXCHj8-00425-00140112-00140358 research along with the American Center
IYy41kXCHj8-00426-00140359-00140602 for Disease Control and Prevention and
IYy41kXCHj8-00427-00140603-00140990 they draw my blood every few months to
IYy41kXCHj8-00428-00140991-00141270 continue continue their research they're
IYy41kXCHj8-00429-00141271-00141512 really they're really doing some very
IYy41kXCHj8-00430-00141513-00141839 remarkable research not just related to
IYy41kXCHj8-00431-00141840-00142025 Ebola but they're learning things about
IYy41kXCHj8-00432-00142026-00142304 the human immune system that they have
IYy41kXCHj8-00433-00142305-00142493 never been able to test before and
IYy41kXCHj8-00434-00142494-00142821 they're hoping to learn even to control
IYy41kXCHj8-00435-00142822-00143171 or influence or modulate cellular
IYy41kXCHj8-00436-00143172-00143402 immunity which is really remarkable I
IYy41kXCHj8-00437-00143403-00143595 don't understand it all but I give them
IYy41kXCHj8-00438-00143596-00144634 my blood and they they run the tests
IYy41kXCHj8-00439-00144635-00144986 what so having lived through the disease
IYy41kXCHj8-00440-00144987-00145286 I have immunity to that strain of Ebola
IYy41kXCHj8-00441-00145287-00145541 there are six strains of the virus I am
IYy41kXCHj8-00442-00145542-00145940 now immune to Ebola Zaire but what we
IYy41kXCHj8-00443-00145941-00146138 know is that it is not lifelong immunity
IYy41kXCHj8-00444-00146139-00146769 it wanes over time there are interesting
IYy41kXCHj8-00445-00146770-00147047 case studies in West Africa of
IYy41kXCHj8-00446-00147048-00147227 individuals who never appeared to be
IYy41kXCHj8-00447-00147228-00147456 sick but they show immunity to the virus
IYy41kXCHj8-00448-00147457-00147776 and so that raises a lot of questions
IYy41kXCHj8-00449-00147777-00148061 about did they develop immunity and
IYy41kXCHj8-00450-00148062-00148194 never get sick or did they have a
IYy41kXCHj8-00451-00148195-00148487 subclinical course or what there's a lot
IYy41kXCHj8-00452-00148488-00148562 of
IYy41kXCHj8-00453-00148563-00148907 investigation going on around how to
IYy41kXCHj8-00454-00148908-00149138 take care of survivors but also how does
IYy41kXCHj8-00455-00149139-00149279 this disease work and what are the
IYy41kXCHj8-00456-00149280-00149522 factors that allow a person to live or
IYy41kXCHj8-00457-00149523-00149993 result in them dying from the disease
IYy41kXCHj8-00458-00149994-00150212 well I'll continue donating blood to
IYy41kXCHj8-00459-00150213-00152327 find out Emory volunteer well Emory
IYy41kXCHj8-00460-00152328-00152631 University Hospital has a serious
IYy41kXCHj8-00461-00152632-00153107 communicable diseases unit SCD you where
IYy41kXCHj8-00462-00153108-00153306 they they have developed this unit over
IYy41kXCHj8-00463-00153307-00153703 the last 12 or 13 years in in
IYy41kXCHj8-00464-00153704-00153860 collaboration with the Center for
IYy41kXCHj8-00465-00153861-00154206 Disease Control because the CDC is just
IYy41kXCHj8-00466-00154207-00154379 down the street from Emory University
IYy41kXCHj8-00467-00154380-00154649 Hospital they're very close to together
IYy41kXCHj8-00468-00154650-00155048 and so they've partnered together to
IYy41kXCHj8-00469-00155049-00155420 develop this unit hoping to have a place
IYy41kXCHj8-00470-00155421-00155789 to treat any CDC employees who might
IYy41kXCHj8-00471-00155790-00156014 contract a serious communicable disease
IYy41kXCHj8-00472-00156015-00156248 when they're going to places like West
IYy41kXCHj8-00473-00156249-00156468 Africa to respond to Ebola outbreaks or
IYy41kXCHj8-00474-00156469-00156872 to China to respond to sars outbreak so
IYy41kXCHj8-00475-00156873-00157037 that was the purpose behind creating
IYy41kXCHj8-00476-00157038-00157454 that unit so they have never treated a
IYy41kXCHj8-00477-00157455-00157664 patient in that unit with a serious
IYy41kXCHj8-00478-00157665-00157865 communicable disease they had only
IYy41kXCHj8-00479-00157866-00158147 treated to patients in 12 years and both
IYy41kXCHj8-00480-00158148-00158309 of them turned out to not have the
IYy41kXCHj8-00481-00158310-00158769 disease they suspected so I was the
IYy41kXCHj8-00482-00158770-00158963 first person with a truly serious
IYy41kXCHj8-00483-00158964-00159168 communicable disease to be treated in
IYy41kXCHj8-00484-00159169-00159326 that unit but they maintained their
IYy41kXCHj8-00485-00159327-00159665 preparations those 12 years and they
IYy41kXCHj8-00486-00159666-00159947 were ready to to use their skills they
IYy41kXCHj8-00487-00159948-00160273 had been practicing and because my
IYy41kXCHj8-00488-00160274-00160538 return to the United States required
IYy41kXCHj8-00489-00160539-00160709 approval of the United States government
IYy41kXCHj8-00490-00160710-00160901 and the involvement of the State
IYy41kXCHj8-00491-00160902-00161123 Department and every level of the United
IYy41kXCHj8-00492-00161124-00161471 States government I think the CDC knew
IYy41kXCHj8-00493-00161472-00161798 about that unit at Emory and so they
IYy41kXCHj8-00494-00161799-00161894 asked
IYy41kXCHj8-00495-00161895-00162107 the the director of the unit would you
IYy41kXCHj8-00496-00162108-00162269 be willing to receive a patient with
IYy41kXCHj8-00497-00162270-00162482 Ebola and take care of him and he said
IYy41kXCHj8-00498-00162483-00162841 yes so my colleague Nancy and I were
IYy41kXCHj8-00499-00162842-00163121 taken to Atlanta to Emory but when my
IYy41kXCHj8-00500-00163122-00163409 colleague dr. Rick he was the third
IYy41kXCHj8-00501-00163410-00163690 patient to be brought back to America he
IYy41kXCHj8-00502-00163691-00163883 did not go to Emory they sent him to
IYy41kXCHj8-00503-00163884-00164294 another hospital in Nebraska that had a
IYy41kXCHj8-00504-00164295-00164534 similar unit and there were only a few
IYy41kXCHj8-00505-00164535-00164708 of those around the country but they
IYy41kXCHj8-00506-00164709-00164887 were done in collaboration with
IYy41kXCHj8-00507-00164888-00165158 government entities for situations like
IYy41kXCHj8-00508-00165159-00165516 this someone was thinking ahead and and
IYy41kXCHj8-00509-00165517-00165770 I'm very thankful to those people who
IYy41kXCHj8-00510-00165771-00166891 who prepared for so long
IYy41kXCHj8-00511-00166892-00167992 I believe it was on the cover of Time
IYy41kXCHj8-00512-00167993-00168403 magazine a couple decades ago when some
IYy41kXCHj8-00513-00168404-00168760 scientists announced that we had ended
IYy41kXCHj8-00514-00168761-00169099 the age of infectious diseases he said
IYy41kXCHj8-00515-00169100-00169402 with our modern antibiotics infectious
IYy41kXCHj8-00516-00169403-00169627 diseases will no longer play a major
IYy41kXCHj8-00517-00169628-00169993 role in in the world we see that he was
IYy41kXCHj8-00518-00169994-00170335 obviously wrong not only do we have
IYy41kXCHj8-00519-00170336-00170548 diseases that are developing bacterial
IYy41kXCHj8-00520-00170549-00170872 resist or antibiotic resistance but we
IYy41kXCHj8-00521-00170873-00171049 have all of these emerging diseases that
IYy41kXCHj8-00522-00171050-00171457 there's no treatment for if you can find
IYy41kXCHj8-00523-00171458-00171628 a way to end all of the infectious
IYy41kXCHj8-00524-00171629-00171865 diseases in Africa or any continent I
IYy41kXCHj8-00525-00171866-00172039 think you will be awarded the Nobel
IYy41kXCHj8-00526-00172040-00172363 Prize and it's something we should
IYy41kXCHj8-00527-00172364-00172681 strive towards but like uslike you
IYy41kXCHj8-00528-00172682-00172879 pointed out it is no easy task and
IYy41kXCHj8-00529-00172880-00173119 there's no single solution that will end
IYy41kXCHj8-00530-00173120-00174781 all of those diseases
IYy41kXCHj8-00531-00174782-00175081 young people we have the science but
IYy41kXCHj8-00532-00175082-00175393 maybe we don't have this is inspiration
IYy41kXCHj8-00533-00175394-00176317 like I'm doing it because holy so thank
IYy41kXCHj8-00534-00176318-00177205 you for your question asante sana I I
IYy41kXCHj8-00535-00177206-00177880 have faith in God and and when I read in
IYy41kXCHj8-00536-00177881-00178096 the Bible the teachings of Jesus he says
IYy41kXCHj8-00537-00178097-00178507 love your neighbor as yourself do to
IYy41kXCHj8-00538-00178508-00178674 others as you would have them do to you
IYy41kXCHj8-00539-00178675-00178897 love the Lord your God with all your
IYy41kXCHj8-00540-00178898-00179182 heart soul mind and strength and love
IYy41kXCHj8-00541-00179183-00179428 your neighbor as yourself and I take
IYy41kXCHj8-00542-00179429-00179766 those teachings very seriously and and
IYy41kXCHj8-00543-00179767-00180085 it was that it was those teachings that
IYy41kXCHj8-00544-00180086-00180400 I here as a calling on my life to love
IYy41kXCHj8-00545-00180401-00180805 my neighbor and someone asked Jesus one
IYy41kXCHj8-00546-00180806-00181060 time who is my neighbor they wanted to
IYy41kXCHj8-00547-00181061-00181240 know how to how to interpret that law
IYy41kXCHj8-00548-00181241-00181411 that that requirement to love your
IYy41kXCHj8-00549-00181412-00181507 neighbor they said who is my neighbor
IYy41kXCHj8-00550-00181508-00181977 and so he told a story of a man who was
IYy41kXCHj8-00551-00181978-00182332 attacked by robbers on a road and he was
IYy41kXCHj8-00552-00182333-00182638 beaten and stripped and it left for dead
IYy41kXCHj8-00553-00182639-00182998 and he tells the story of some some
IYy41kXCHj8-00554-00182999-00183190 people walking by who ignored the man
IYy41kXCHj8-00555-00183191-00183370 they didn't want to get involved they
IYy41kXCHj8-00556-00183371-00183588 didn't want to endanger themselves and
IYy41kXCHj8-00557-00183589-00184024 then he says third person came by and
IYy41kXCHj8-00558-00184025-00184246 saw the man on the side of the road and
IYy41kXCHj8-00559-00184247-00184618 had compassion on him he picked the man
IYy41kXCHj8-00560-00184619-00184852 up put him on his own donkey took him to
IYy41kXCHj8-00561-00184853-00185188 an inn and and bandaged his wounds and
IYy41kXCHj8-00562-00185189-00185464 paid the innkeeper and said when I
IYy41kXCHj8-00563-00185465-00185785 return from my trip business trip I'll
IYy41kXCHj8-00564-00185786-00185980 pay you back for anything else you've
IYy41kXCHj8-00565-00185981-00186412 had to spend on the man and then Jesus
IYy41kXCHj8-00566-00186413-00186706 question to the man who had asked him
IYy41kXCHj8-00567-00186707-00187168 the question was who was a neighbor to
IYy41kXCHj8-00568-00187169-00187447 that man and need he didn't answer the
IYy41kXCHj8-00569-00187448-00187768 question of who is my neighbor instead
IYy41kXCHj8-00570-00187769-00187912 he turned the question around and said
IYy41kXCHj8-00571-00187913-00188143 to whom should I be a neighbor
IYy41kXCHj8-00572-00188144-00188794 and it's to the person in need and and I
IYy41kXCHj8-00573-00188795-00189225 I think that when you if you if you seek
IYy41kXCHj8-00574-00189226-00189566 to to live out that teaching and follow
IYy41kXCHj8-00575-00189567-00189868 him it changes not only your life it
IYy41kXCHj8-00576-00189869-00190236 changes the world it was my small effort
IYy41kXCHj8-00577-00190237-00190701 to do that that that landed me an
IYy41kXCHj8-00578-00190702-00190948 invitation to speak to all of you in a
IYy41kXCHj8-00579-00190949-00191190 country I've never been to to be the
IYy41kXCHj8-00580-00191191-00191436 host of your Dean who's honored me with
IYy41kXCHj8-00581-00191437-00191761 this opportunity it's not because I'm a
IYy41kXCHj8-00582-00191762-00192208 great humanitarian it's not because I am
IYy41kXCHj8-00583-00192209-00192508 the best physician in the world I was
IYy41kXCHj8-00584-00192509-00192714 not at the top of my class in medical
IYy41kXCHj8-00585-00192715-00193226 school but I care about my patients
IYy41kXCHj8-00586-00193227-00193681 because jesus said I should love my
IYy41kXCHj8-00587-00193682-00193839 neighbors and my patients are my
IYy41kXCHj8-00588-00193840-00194224 neighbors and so I think those little
IYy41kXCHj8-00589-00194225-00194643 things have a very big impact far beyond
IYy41kXCHj8-00590-00194644-00195058 the the one person you help