Cy_dlhH3QHy-00000-00000197-00000388 I don't know how to start the video so
Cy_dlhH3QHy-00001-00000389-00000634 me neither I'm just gonna spin
Cy_dlhH3QHy-00002-00000635-00001207 it's for you right yeah
Cy_dlhH3QHy-00003-00001208-00001558 ah bro I remember the key in the game
Cy_dlhH3QHy-00004-00001559-00001729 bye all right
Cy_dlhH3QHy-00005-00001730-00001918 [Music]
Cy_dlhH3QHy-00006-00001919-00002081 you remember y'all characters I don't
Cy_dlhH3QHy-00007-00002082-00002375 know who you got
Cy_dlhH3QHy-00008-00002376-00002663 guys versus so dude oh you got cell
Cy_dlhH3QHy-00009-00002664-00002987 Junior yeah that's you no it's not no
Cy_dlhH3QHy-00010-00002988-00003690 it's not you get two characters twice
Cy_dlhH3QHy-00011-00003690-00004579 [Music]
Cy_dlhH3QHy-00012-00004580-00004811 he's not here
Cy_dlhH3QHy-00013-00004812-00005062 um
Cy_dlhH3QHy-00014-00005063-00006313 [Music]
Cy_dlhH3QHy-00015-00006314-00006833 that's why you did twice
Cy_dlhH3QHy-00016-00006834-00006948 question
Cy_dlhH3QHy-00017-00006950-00007264 one way to start the video
Cy_dlhH3QHy-00018-00007265-00007553 let's go
Cy_dlhH3QHy-00019-00007554-00007848 I get
Cy_dlhH3QHy-00020-00007850-00008257 Jared
Cy_dlhH3QHy-00021-00008258-00008903 that's not fair
Cy_dlhH3QHy-00022-00008904-00009209 I'm Gonna Cancel the video Darren and
Cy_dlhH3QHy-00023-00009210-00009773 Super Vegeta oh that's so bad
Cy_dlhH3QHy-00024-00009774-00010034 apologize
Cy_dlhH3QHy-00025-00010035-00011303 [Music]
Cy_dlhH3QHy-00026-00011304-00011999 my turn
Cy_dlhH3QHy-00027-00012000-00012238 they give me the worst characters please
Cy_dlhH3QHy-00028-00012239-00012401 don't
Cy_dlhH3QHy-00029-00012402-00012760 who cat bro who y'all give me okay go on
Cy_dlhH3QHy-00030-00012761-00012977 wait it didn't specify which one
Cy_dlhH3QHy-00031-00012978-00013151 yeah
Cy_dlhH3QHy-00032-00013152-00013883 it didn't specify which one
Cy_dlhH3QHy-00033-00013884-00014483 Super Saiyan God awesome
Cy_dlhH3QHy-00034-00014484-00014616 [Music]
Cy_dlhH3QHy-00035-00014618-00014908 leave them alone honestly
Cy_dlhH3QHy-00036-00014909-00016393 that'd be stupid
Cy_dlhH3QHy-00037-00016394-00016847 why did I get gamma 2 or something
Cy_dlhH3QHy-00038-00016848-00017249 where's gold chains
Cy_dlhH3QHy-00039-00017250-00017861 who is that
Cy_dlhH3QHy-00040-00017862-00018739 right all right
Cy_dlhH3QHy-00041-00018740-00019793 [Music]
Cy_dlhH3QHy-00042-00019794-00021343 [Music]
Cy_dlhH3QHy-00043-00021344-00021524 thank you
Cy_dlhH3QHy-00044-00021525-00022243 [Applause]
Cy_dlhH3QHy-00045-00022244-00022788 [Music]
Cy_dlhH3QHy-00046-00022789-00023544 [Music]
Cy_dlhH3QHy-00047-00023545-00023980 how did I lose
Cy_dlhH3QHy-00048-00023981-00024443 people what did you do
Cy_dlhH3QHy-00049-00024444-00024703 that
Cy_dlhH3QHy-00050-00024704-00025067 bro me
Cy_dlhH3QHy-00051-00025068-00025277 you got grease
Cy_dlhH3QHy-00052-00025278-00026134 [Music]
Cy_dlhH3QHy-00053-00026135-00026556 lunch you got the female that can't fly
Cy_dlhH3QHy-00054-00026557-00026711 [Music]
Cy_dlhH3QHy-00055-00026712-00027198 oh my God
Cy_dlhH3QHy-00056-00027199-00027597 [Music]
Cy_dlhH3QHy-00057-00027598-00028068 [Applause]
Cy_dlhH3QHy-00058-00028069-00030857 [Music]
Cy_dlhH3QHy-00059-00030858-00030994 bro give me something
Cy_dlhH3QHy-00060-00030995-00031795 [Music]
Cy_dlhH3QHy-00061-00031795-00032387 my oh come on really are you serious no
Cy_dlhH3QHy-00062-00032388-00033289 he's not in the game
Cy_dlhH3QHy-00063-00033290-00033640 as soon as that trunks all right specify
Cy_dlhH3QHy-00064-00033641-00033806 which one
Cy_dlhH3QHy-00065-00033807-00033881 [Music]
Cy_dlhH3QHy-00066-00033882-00034012 yeah
Cy_dlhH3QHy-00067-00034013-00034657 okay
Cy_dlhH3QHy-00068-00034658-00034859 not bad though
Cy_dlhH3QHy-00069-00034860-00036112 [Music]
Cy_dlhH3QHy-00070-00036113-00036995 emails
Cy_dlhH3QHy-00071-00036996-00037168 can you stop
Cy_dlhH3QHy-00072-00037169-00037821 all right
Cy_dlhH3QHy-00073-00037822-00039050 [Music]
Cy_dlhH3QHy-00074-00039051-00039683 [Music]
Cy_dlhH3QHy-00075-00039684-00040045 [Music]
Cy_dlhH3QHy-00076-00040046-00040235 all right
Cy_dlhH3QHy-00077-00040236-00040475 everyone
Cy_dlhH3QHy-00078-00040476-00042130 [Music]
Cy_dlhH3QHy-00079-00042131-00042232 okay
Cy_dlhH3QHy-00080-00042233-00042511 [Applause]
Cy_dlhH3QHy-00081-00042512-00043565 [Music]
Cy_dlhH3QHy-00082-00043566-00044122 foreign
Cy_dlhH3QHy-00083-00044123-00044564 [Applause]
Cy_dlhH3QHy-00084-00044565-00045402 [Music]
Cy_dlhH3QHy-00085-00045403-00045937 [Music]
Cy_dlhH3QHy-00086-00045938-00047117 [Music]
Cy_dlhH3QHy-00087-00047118-00047362 yeah I'm I'm feeling for you
Cy_dlhH3QHy-00088-00047363-00047524 you please give him a bad character
Cy_dlhH3QHy-00089-00047525-00047789 they're gonna give him
Cy_dlhH3QHy-00090-00047790-00048149 super 17. ah he sucks
Cy_dlhH3QHy-00091-00048150-00048718 if he's in the game Super 17 and
Cy_dlhH3QHy-00092-00048719-00048907 Frost all right
Cy_dlhH3QHy-00093-00048908-00049100 uh Universe six reasons
Cy_dlhH3QHy-00094-00049101-00049783 [Music]
Cy_dlhH3QHy-00095-00049784-00050065 we spend you first
Cy_dlhH3QHy-00096-00050066-00050281 up bro
Cy_dlhH3QHy-00097-00050282-00050807 [Music]
Cy_dlhH3QHy-00098-00050808-00051040 making the video alone for what reason
Cy_dlhH3QHy-00099-00051041-00051275 because I really do wait if you're still
Cy_dlhH3QHy-00100-00051276-00051437 here this video is gonna be on both of
Cy_dlhH3QHy-00101-00051438-00052471 our channels who is Ninja really
Cy_dlhH3QHy-00102-00052472-00053230 but you know let's go
Cy_dlhH3QHy-00103-00053232-00054110 Vegeta
Cy_dlhH3QHy-00104-00054111-00054804 [Music]
Cy_dlhH3QHy-00105-00054805-00054946 you know
Cy_dlhH3QHy-00106-00054947-00055326 [Music]
Cy_dlhH3QHy-00107-00055327-00055609 hey hey Vegeta
Cy_dlhH3QHy-00108-00055610-00056253 [Music]
Cy_dlhH3QHy-00109-00056254-00057329 [Music]
Cy_dlhH3QHy-00110-00057329-00057720 is
Cy_dlhH3QHy-00111-00057721-00057971 [Music]
Cy_dlhH3QHy-00112-00057972-00058271 all right
Cy_dlhH3QHy-00113-00058272-00059579 send your characters
Cy_dlhH3QHy-00114-00059579-00060011 and if he wasn't game I don't care
Cy_dlhH3QHy-00115-00060012-00060509 somebody except taco
Cy_dlhH3QHy-00117-00063701-00064354 refrigerator
Cy_dlhH3QHy-00118-00064355-00065035 it doesn't matter
Cy_dlhH3QHy-00119-00065036-00065915 oh my God
Cy_dlhH3QHy-00120-00065916-00066611 I know you uh yeah
Cy_dlhH3QHy-00121-00066612-00066713 um
Cy_dlhH3QHy-00122-00066714-00066888 stop
Cy_dlhH3QHy-00123-00066889-00067487 that's hop on I can never remember toppo
Cy_dlhH3QHy-00124-00067488-00067697 and this
Cy_dlhH3QHy-00125-00067698-00070071 um
Cy_dlhH3QHy-00126-00070072-00071494 [Music]
Cy_dlhH3QHy-00127-00071495-00072071 everybody
Cy_dlhH3QHy-00128-00072072-00073104 [Music]
Cy_dlhH3QHy-00129-00073105-00073254 [Applause]
Cy_dlhH3QHy-00130-00073255-00073499 [Music]
Cy_dlhH3QHy-00131-00073500-00073504 [Applause]
Cy_dlhH3QHy-00132-00073505-00074275 [Music]
Cy_dlhH3QHy-00133-00074276-00075447 [Music]
Cy_dlhH3QHy-00134-00075448-00076685 [Music]
Cy_dlhH3QHy-00135-00076686-00077003 one thing
Cy_dlhH3QHy-00136-00077004-00078389 okay
Cy_dlhH3QHy-00137-00078390-00079823 [Music]
Cy_dlhH3QHy-00138-00079824-00080829 foreign
Cy_dlhH3QHy-00139-00080830-00082072 [Music]
Cy_dlhH3QHy-00140-00082073-00082922 [Music]
Cy_dlhH3QHy-00141-00082923-00083442 [Music]
Cy_dlhH3QHy-00142-00083443-00083765 [Music]
Cy_dlhH3QHy-00143-00083766-00084041 honestly this is
Cy_dlhH3QHy-00144-00084042-00084341 oh yeah you speak all right
Cy_dlhH3QHy-00145-00084342-00084529 let's get it
Cy_dlhH3QHy-00146-00084530-00085000 lucky hand lucky hand
Cy_dlhH3QHy-00147-00085001-00085387 s
Cy_dlhH3QHy-00148-00085388-00085669 hey Mr
Cy_dlhH3QHy-00149-00085670-00085912 there's no ways in the game he's in the
Cy_dlhH3QHy-00150-00085913-00086309 game oh
Cy_dlhH3QHy-00151-00086310-00086467 background check yeah background check
Cy_dlhH3QHy-00152-00086468-00086815 we got to check
Cy_dlhH3QHy-00153-00086816-00087121 all right
Cy_dlhH3QHy-00154-00087122-00087420 thank you
Cy_dlhH3QHy-00155-00087421-00089429 [Music]
Cy_dlhH3QHy-00156-00089430-00089976 all right let's go why let's go
Cy_dlhH3QHy-00157-00089977-00090726 oh trunks let's go
Cy_dlhH3QHy-00158-00090727-00091085 imagine you got a farmer with a shotgun
Cy_dlhH3QHy-00159-00091086-00091282 oh my God
Cy_dlhH3QHy-00160-00091283-00091589 what is he is he in the game yeah he
Cy_dlhH3QHy-00161-00091590-00092415 [Music]
Cy_dlhH3QHy-00162-00092416-00092554 [Applause]
Cy_dlhH3QHy-00163-00092555-00093288 [Music]
Cy_dlhH3QHy-00164-00093289-00093491 they gonna give me the worst characters
Cy_dlhH3QHy-00165-00093492-00093712 I'm gonna love it
Cy_dlhH3QHy-00166-00093713-00094181 everyone wants
Cy_dlhH3QHy-00167-00094182-00094391 stop Allison
Cy_dlhH3QHy-00168-00094392-00094685 tapion no please don't make me he can't
Cy_dlhH3QHy-00169-00094686-00095081 charge or douche
Cy_dlhH3QHy-00170-00095082-00095806 I'll take that as yes
Cy_dlhH3QHy-00171-00095807-00096131 baseball all right
Cy_dlhH3QHy-00172-00096132-00096437 no I know
Cy_dlhH3QHy-00173-00096438-00096641 this this one the other character you
Cy_dlhH3QHy-00174-00096642-00097067 got bubble
Cy_dlhH3QHy-00175-00097068-00097271 all right
Cy_dlhH3QHy-00176-00097272-00097721 said Mr Popo I get
Cy_dlhH3QHy-00177-00097722-00097906 oh
Cy_dlhH3QHy-00178-00097907-00098197 you're back there all right all right
Cy_dlhH3QHy-00179-00098198-00098407 you're slow that is bad
Cy_dlhH3QHy-00180-00098408-00100462 [Music]
Cy_dlhH3QHy-00181-00100463-00101068 oh now I don't know thanks
Cy_dlhH3QHy-00182-00101069-00101482 thanks I should have smack your head
Cy_dlhH3QHy-00183-00101483-00101885 Android
Cy_dlhH3QHy-00184-00101886-00102094 actually this it is
Cy_dlhH3QHy-00185-00102095-00102401 because it I know it I'm not stupid it
Cy_dlhH3QHy-00186-00102402-00102582 is special about which kid
Cy_dlhH3QHy-00187-00102583-00102916 shots yeah it is he's a kid he's a kid
Cy_dlhH3QHy-00188-00102917-00103060 where's the one from Dragon Ball
Cy_dlhH3QHy-00189-00103061-00103204 superhero
Cy_dlhH3QHy-00190-00103205-00103403 I want him
Cy_dlhH3QHy-00191-00103404-00103678 right here I want him I don't he can't
Cy_dlhH3QHy-00192-00103679-00104557 transform but I don't care
Cy_dlhH3QHy-00193-00104558-00105117 [Music]
Cy_dlhH3QHy-00194-00105118-00106427 [Music]
Cy_dlhH3QHy-00195-00106428-00106866 [Music]
Cy_dlhH3QHy-00196-00106867-00107219 thank you
Cy_dlhH3QHy-00197-00107220-00107626 foreign
Cy_dlhH3QHy-00198-00107627-00108308 [Music]
Cy_dlhH3QHy-00199-00108308-00110033 [Music]
Cy_dlhH3QHy-00200-00110033-00110436 [Music]
Cy_dlhH3QHy-00201-00110438-00110709 let's go
Cy_dlhH3QHy-00202-00110710-00110934 [Applause]
CzhXx-rHdqM-00000-00000104-00000471 avram noam chomsky born december 7 1928
CzhXx-rHdqM-00001-00000472-00000686 is an american linguist philosopher
CzhXx-rHdqM-00002-00000687-00000935 cognitive scientist historian political
CzhXx-rHdqM-00003-00000936-00001166 activist and social critic
CzhXx-rHdqM-00004-00001167-00001415 sometimes described as the father of
CzhXx-rHdqM-00005-00001416-00001710 modern linguistics chomsky is also a
CzhXx-rHdqM-00006-00001711-00001942 major figure in analytic philosophy and
CzhXx-rHdqM-00007-00001943-00002095 one of the founders of the field of
CzhXx-rHdqM-00008-00002096-00002263 cognitive science
CzhXx-rHdqM-00009-00002264-00002423 he holds a joint appointment as
CzhXx-rHdqM-00010-00002424-00002607 institute professor emeritus at the
CzhXx-rHdqM-00011-00002608-00002839 massachusetts institute of technology
CzhXx-rHdqM-00012-00002840-00003055 mit and laureate professor at the
CzhXx-rHdqM-00013-00003056-00003279 university of arizona and is the author
CzhXx-rHdqM-00014-00003279-00003503 of over 100 books on topics such as
CzhXx-rHdqM-00015-00003504-00003854 linguistics war politics and mass media
CzhXx-rHdqM-00016-00003855-00004059 ideologically he aligns with
CzhXx-rHdqM-00017-00004060-00004254 anarcho-syndicalism and libertarian
CzhXx-rHdqM-00018-00004255-00004415 socialism
CzhXx-rHdqM-00019-00004416-00004638 born to middle-class ashkenazi jewish
CzhXx-rHdqM-00020-00004639-00004838 immigrants in philadelphia chomsky
CzhXx-rHdqM-00021-00004839-00005038 developed an early interest in anarchism
CzhXx-rHdqM-00022-00005039-00005238 from alternative bookstores in new york
CzhXx-rHdqM-00023-00005239-00005343 city
CzhXx-rHdqM-00024-00005344-00005543 he began studying at the university of
CzhXx-rHdqM-00025-00005544-00005822 pennsylvania at age 16 taking courses in
CzhXx-rHdqM-00026-00005823-00006143 linguistics mathematics and philosophy
CzhXx-rHdqM-00027-00006144-00006503 from 1951 to 1955 he was appointed to
CzhXx-rHdqM-00028-00006504-00006806 harvard university's society of fellows
CzhXx-rHdqM-00029-00006808-00007006 while at harvard he developed the theory
CzhXx-rHdqM-00030-00007008-00007214 of transformational grammar for this he
CzhXx-rHdqM-00031-00007215-00007534 was awarded his doctorate in 1955.
CzhXx-rHdqM-00032-00007536-00007887 chomsky began teaching at mit in 1957
CzhXx-rHdqM-00033-00007888-00008087 and emerged as a significant figure in
CzhXx-rHdqM-00034-00008088-00008231 the field of linguistics for his
CzhXx-rHdqM-00035-00008232-00008439 landmark works and tactic structures
CzhXx-rHdqM-00036-00008440-00008639 which remodeled the scientific study of
CzhXx-rHdqM-00037-00008640-00008751 language
CzhXx-rHdqM-00038-00008752-00009095 from 1958 to 1959 he was a national
CzhXx-rHdqM-00039-00009096-00009263 science foundation fellow at the
CzhXx-rHdqM-00040-00009264-00009495 institute for advanced study
CzhXx-rHdqM-00041-00009496-00009703 chomsky is credited as the creator or
CzhXx-rHdqM-00042-00009704-00009910 co-creator of the universal grammar
CzhXx-rHdqM-00043-00009911-00010127 theory the generative grammar theory the
CzhXx-rHdqM-00044-00010128-00010335 chomsky hierarchy and the minimalist
CzhXx-rHdqM-00045-00010336-00010446 program
CzhXx-rHdqM-00046-00010447-00010671 chomsky also played a pivotal role in
CzhXx-rHdqM-00047-00010672-00010846 the decline of behaviorism being
CzhXx-rHdqM-00048-00010847-00011063 particularly critical of the work of b.f
CzhXx-rHdqM-00049-00011064-00011206 skinner
CzhXx-rHdqM-00050-00011207-00011455 chomsky vocally opposed u.s involvement
CzhXx-rHdqM-00051-00011456-00011655 in the vietnam war believing the war to
CzhXx-rHdqM-00052-00011656-00011919 be an act of american imperialism
CzhXx-rHdqM-00053-00011920-00012238 in 1967 chomsky attracted widespread
CzhXx-rHdqM-00054-00012239-00012463 public attention for his anti-war essay
CzhXx-rHdqM-00055-00012464-00012678 entitled the responsibility of
CzhXx-rHdqM-00056-00012679-00012846 intellectuals
CzhXx-rHdqM-00057-00012847-00013030 associated with the new left he was
CzhXx-rHdqM-00058-00013031-00013255 arrested multiple times for his activism
CzhXx-rHdqM-00059-00013256-00013583 and was placed on nixon's enemies list
CzhXx-rHdqM-00060-00013584-00013791 while expanding his work in linguistics
CzhXx-rHdqM-00061-00013791-00014022 over subsequent decades he also became
CzhXx-rHdqM-00062-00014023-00014263 involved in the linguistics wars
CzhXx-rHdqM-00063-00014263-00014494 in collaboration with edward s hermann
CzhXx-rHdqM-00064-00014495-00014735 chomsky later co-wrote an analysis which
CzhXx-rHdqM-00065-00014736-00014943 articulated the propaganda model of
CzhXx-rHdqM-00066-00014944-00015158 media criticism and worked to expose the
CzhXx-rHdqM-00067-00015159-00015438 indonesian occupation of east timor
CzhXx-rHdqM-00068-00015440-00015647 additionally his defense of freedom of
CzhXx-rHdqM-00069-00015647-00015735 speech
CzhXx-rHdqM-00070-00015736-00015919 including free speech for holocaust
CzhXx-rHdqM-00071-00015919-00016158 deniers generated significant
CzhXx-rHdqM-00072-00016159-00016366 controversy in the furusan affair of the
CzhXx-rHdqM-00073-00016368-00016558 early 1980s
CzhXx-rHdqM-00074-00016559-00016735 following his retirement from active
CzhXx-rHdqM-00075-00016736-00016958 teaching chomsky has continued his vocal
CzhXx-rHdqM-00076-00016959-00017175 political activism by opposing the war
CzhXx-rHdqM-00077-00017176-00017358 on terror and supporting the occupy
CzhXx-rHdqM-00078-00017359-00017494 movement
CzhXx-rHdqM-00079-00017495-00017671 one of the most cited scholars in
CzhXx-rHdqM-00080-00017672-00017894 history chomsky has influenced a broad
CzhXx-rHdqM-00081-00017895-00018111 array of academic fields
CzhXx-rHdqM-00082-00018112-00018335 he is widely recognized as a paradigm
CzhXx-rHdqM-00083-00018336-00018494 shifter who helped spark a major
CzhXx-rHdqM-00084-00018495-00018679 revolution in the human sciences
CzhXx-rHdqM-00085-00018680-00018871 contributing to the development of a new
CzhXx-rHdqM-00086-00018872-00019071 cognitivistic framework for the study of
CzhXx-rHdqM-00087-00019072-00019247 language and the mind
CzhXx-rHdqM-00088-00019248-00019455 in addition to his continued scholarly
CzhXx-rHdqM-00089-00019456-00019655 research he remains a leading critic of
CzhXx-rHdqM-00090-00019656-00019911 u.s foreign policy neoliberalism and
CzhXx-rHdqM-00091-00019912-00020139 contemporary state capitalism the
CzhXx-rHdqM-00092-00020140-00020319 israeli-palestinian conflict and
CzhXx-rHdqM-00093-00020320-00020511 mainstream news media
CzhXx-rHdqM-00094-00020512-00020727 his ideas have proved highly significant
CzhXx-rHdqM-00095-00020728-00020886 within the anti-capitalist and
CzhXx-rHdqM-00096-00020887-00021111 anti-imperialist movements
CzhXx-rHdqM-00097-00021112-00021294 some of his critics have accused him of
CzhXx-rHdqM-00098-00021295-00021814 anti-americanism
CzhXx-rHdqM-00099-00021815-00022263 early life
CzhXx-rHdqM-00100-00022264-00022950 topic childhood 1928-45
CzhXx-rHdqM-00101-00022951-00023191 avram noam chomsky was born on december
CzhXx-rHdqM-00102-00023192-00023486 7 1928 in the east oakland neighborhood
CzhXx-rHdqM-00103-00023487-00023711 of philadelphia pennsylvania
CzhXx-rHdqM-00104-00023712-00023958 his father was william zev
CzhXx-rHdqM-00105-00023959-00024222 chomsky an ashkenazi jew originally from
CzhXx-rHdqM-00106-00024223-00024399 ukraine who had fled to the united
CzhXx-rHdqM-00107-00024400-00024622 states in 1913.
CzhXx-rHdqM-00108-00024623-00024799 having studied at johns hopkins
CzhXx-rHdqM-00109-00024800-00024991 university william went on to become
CzhXx-rHdqM-00110-00024992-00025175 school principal of the congregation
CzhXx-rHdqM-00111-00025176-00025375 mikvah israel religious school and in
CzhXx-rHdqM-00112-00025376-00025631 1924 was appointed to the faculty at
CzhXx-rHdqM-00113-00025632-00025870 gratz college in philadelphia
CzhXx-rHdqM-00114-00025872-00026102 chomsky's mother was the belarusian-born
CzhXx-rHdqM-00115-00026104-00026355 elsie simonovsky
CzhXx-rHdqM-00116-00026356-00026623 1904-1972 a teacher and activist whom
CzhXx-rHdqM-00117-00026624-00026799 william had met while working at mikvah
CzhXx-rHdqM-00118-00026800-00026943 israel
CzhXx-rHdqM-00119-00026944-00027151 gnome was the chomsky family's first
CzhXx-rHdqM-00120-00027152-00027399 child his younger brother david eli
CzhXx-rHdqM-00121-00027400-00027670 chomsky was born five years later
CzhXx-rHdqM-00122-00027672-00027862 the brothers were close although david
CzhXx-rHdqM-00123-00027863-00028039 was more easygoing while gnome could be
CzhXx-rHdqM-00124-00028039-00028327 very competitive chomsky and his brother
CzhXx-rHdqM-00125-00028327-00028527 were raised jewish being taught hebrew
CzhXx-rHdqM-00126-00028527-00028711 and regularly discussing the political
CzhXx-rHdqM-00127-00028712-00028911 theories of zionism the family was
CzhXx-rHdqM-00128-00028912-00029095 particularly influenced by the left
CzhXx-rHdqM-00129-00029095-00029327 zionist writings of ahad ham
CzhXx-rHdqM-00130-00029327-00029607 as a jew chomsky faced anti-semitism as
CzhXx-rHdqM-00131-00029608-00029831 a child particularly from the irish and
CzhXx-rHdqM-00132-00029832-00029967 german communities living in
CzhXx-rHdqM-00133-00029968-00030174 philadelphia chomsky described his
CzhXx-rHdqM-00134-00030175-00030511 parents as normal roosevelt democrats
CzhXx-rHdqM-00135-00030512-00030687 who had a center-left position on the
CzhXx-rHdqM-00136-00030688-00030887 political spectrum however he was
CzhXx-rHdqM-00137-00030888-00031087 exposed to far-left politics through
CzhXx-rHdqM-00138-00031088-00031270 other members of the family a number of
CzhXx-rHdqM-00139-00031272-00031455 whom were socialists involved in the
CzhXx-rHdqM-00140-00031456-00031646 international latest garment workers
CzhXx-rHdqM-00141-00031647-00031743 union
CzhXx-rHdqM-00142-00031744-00031951 he was substantially influenced by his
CzhXx-rHdqM-00143-00031952-00032151 uncle who owned a newspaper stand in new
CzhXx-rHdqM-00144-00032152-00032351 york city where jewish leftists came to
CzhXx-rHdqM-00145-00032352-00032567 debate the issues of the day
CzhXx-rHdqM-00146-00032568-00032774 whenever visiting his uncle chomsky
CzhXx-rHdqM-00147-00032775-00032959 frequented left-wing and anarchist
CzhXx-rHdqM-00148-00032960-00033159 bookstores in the city voraciously
CzhXx-rHdqM-00149-00033160-00033367 reading political literature
CzhXx-rHdqM-00150-00033368-00033559 he later described his discovery of
CzhXx-rHdqM-00151-00033560-00033879 anarchism as a lucky accident because it
CzhXx-rHdqM-00152-00033880-00034062 allowed him to become critical of other
CzhXx-rHdqM-00153-00034063-00034335 far-left ideologies namely stalinism and
CzhXx-rHdqM-00154-00034336-00034535 other forms of marxism leninism
CzhXx-rHdqM-00155-00034536-00034743 chomsky's primary education was at
CzhXx-rHdqM-00156-00034744-00034927 oaklane country day school an
CzhXx-rHdqM-00157-00034928-00035127 independent duide institution that
CzhXx-rHdqM-00158-00035128-00035327 focused on allowing its pupils to pursue
CzhXx-rHdqM-00159-00035328-00035511 their own interests in a non-competitive
CzhXx-rHdqM-00160-00035512-00035639 atmosphere
CzhXx-rHdqM-00161-00035640-00035839 it was here at the age of 10 that he
CzhXx-rHdqM-00162-00035840-00036030 wrote his first article on the spread of
CzhXx-rHdqM-00163-00036031-00036255 fascism following the fall of barcelona
CzhXx-rHdqM-00164-00036256-00036479 to francisco franco's fascist army in
CzhXx-rHdqM-00165-00036480-00036671 the spanish civil war
CzhXx-rHdqM-00166-00036672-00036895 at the age of 12 chomsky moved on to
CzhXx-rHdqM-00167-00036896-00037102 secondary education at central high
CzhXx-rHdqM-00168-00037103-00037318 school where he joined various clubs and
CzhXx-rHdqM-00169-00037319-00037543 societies and excelled academically but
CzhXx-rHdqM-00170-00037544-00037718 was troubled by the hierarchical and
CzhXx-rHdqM-00171-00037719-00037990 regimented method of teaching used there
CzhXx-rHdqM-00172-00037991-00038190 during the same time period chomsky
CzhXx-rHdqM-00173-00038191-00038390 attended the hebrew high school at gratz
CzhXx-rHdqM-00174-00038391-00038502 college
CzhXx-rHdqM-00175-00038503-00038783 from the age of 12 or 13 he identified
CzhXx-rHdqM-00176-00038784-00039383 more fully with anarchist politics
CzhXx-rHdqM-00177-00039384-00040007 university 1945-55
CzhXx-rHdqM-00178-00040008-00040383 in 1945 chomsky aged 16 embarked on a
CzhXx-rHdqM-00179-00040384-00040559 general program of study at the
CzhXx-rHdqM-00180-00040560-00040751 university of pennsylvania where he
CzhXx-rHdqM-00181-00040752-00041007 explored philosophy logic and languages
CzhXx-rHdqM-00182-00041008-00041183 and developed a primary interest in
CzhXx-rHdqM-00183-00041184-00041335 learning arabic
CzhXx-rHdqM-00184-00041336-00041487 living at home he funded his
CzhXx-rHdqM-00185-00041488-00041774 undergraduate degree by teaching hebrew
CzhXx-rHdqM-00186-00041775-00041958 however he was frustrated with his
CzhXx-rHdqM-00187-00041959-00042143 experiences at the university and
CzhXx-rHdqM-00188-00042144-00042327 considered dropping out and moving to a
CzhXx-rHdqM-00189-00042328-00042583 kibbutz in mandatory palestine
CzhXx-rHdqM-00190-00042584-00042758 his intellectual curiosity was
CzhXx-rHdqM-00191-00042759-00042943 reawakened through conversations with
CzhXx-rHdqM-00192-00042944-00043158 the russian-born linguist zelig harris
CzhXx-rHdqM-00193-00043159-00043358 whom he first met in a political circle
CzhXx-rHdqM-00194-00043359-00043551 in 1947.
CzhXx-rHdqM-00195-00043552-00043758 harris introduced chomsky to the field
CzhXx-rHdqM-00196-00043759-00043974 of theoretical linguistics and convinced
CzhXx-rHdqM-00197-00043975-00044190 him to major in the subject
CzhXx-rHdqM-00198-00044191-00044467 chomsky's b.a honor's thesis was titled
CzhXx-rHdqM-00199-00044468-00044751 morphophonemics of modern hebrew and
CzhXx-rHdqM-00200-00044752-00044943 involved his applying harass methods to
CzhXx-rHdqM-00201-00044944-00045046 the language
CzhXx-rHdqM-00202-00045047-00045287 chomsky revised this thesis for his m.a
CzhXx-rHdqM-00203-00045288-00045551 which he received at penn in 1951 it
CzhXx-rHdqM-00204-00045552-00045727 would subsequently be published as a
CzhXx-rHdqM-00205-00045728-00045830 book
CzhXx-rHdqM-00206-00045831-00046007 he also developed his interest in
CzhXx-rHdqM-00207-00046008-00046207 philosophy while at university in
CzhXx-rHdqM-00208-00046208-00046383 particular under the tutelage of his
CzhXx-rHdqM-00209-00046384-00046783 teacher nelson goodman from 1951 to 1955
CzhXx-rHdqM-00210-00046784-00046967 chomsky was named to the society of
CzhXx-rHdqM-00211-00046968-00047174 fellows at harvard university where he
CzhXx-rHdqM-00212-00047175-00047343 undertook research on what would become
CzhXx-rHdqM-00213-00047344-00047551 his doctoral dissertation
CzhXx-rHdqM-00214-00047552-00047735 having been encouraged by goodman to
CzhXx-rHdqM-00215-00047736-00047927 apply a significant factor in his
CzhXx-rHdqM-00216-00047928-00048111 decision to move to harvard was that the
CzhXx-rHdqM-00217-00048112-00048423 philosopher w v quine was based there
CzhXx-rHdqM-00218-00048424-00048639 both quine and a visiting philosopher
CzhXx-rHdqM-00219-00048640-00048886 j.l austin of the university of oxford
CzhXx-rHdqM-00220-00048887-00049143 would strongly influence chomsky
CzhXx-rHdqM-00221-00049144-00049439 in 1952 chomsky published his first
CzhXx-rHdqM-00222-00049440-00049711 academic article systems of syntactic
CzhXx-rHdqM-00223-00049712-00049983 analysis which appeared not in a journal
CzhXx-rHdqM-00224-00049984-00050158 of linguistics but in the journal of
CzhXx-rHdqM-00225-00050159-00050335 symbolic logic
CzhXx-rHdqM-00226-00050336-00050543 being highly critical of the established
CzhXx-rHdqM-00227-00050544-00050746 behaviorist currents in linguistics in
CzhXx-rHdqM-00228-00050747-00051039 1954 he presented his ideas at lectures
CzhXx-rHdqM-00229-00051040-00051238 given at the university of chicago and
CzhXx-rHdqM-00230-00051239-00051407 yale university
CzhXx-rHdqM-00231-00051408-00051599 although he had not been registered as a
CzhXx-rHdqM-00232-00051600-00051807 student at pennsylvania for four years
CzhXx-rHdqM-00233-00051808-00052087 in 1955 he submitted a thesis to them
CzhXx-rHdqM-00234-00052088-00052214 setting out his ideas on
CzhXx-rHdqM-00235-00052215-00052414 transformational grammar he was awarded
CzhXx-rHdqM-00236-00052415-00052638 his phd on the basis of it and it would
CzhXx-rHdqM-00237-00052639-00052807 be privately distributed among
CzhXx-rHdqM-00238-00052808-00053007 specialists on microfilm before being
CzhXx-rHdqM-00239-00053008-00053294 published in 1975 as part of the logical
CzhXx-rHdqM-00240-00053295-00053519 structure of linguistic theory
CzhXx-rHdqM-00241-00053520-00053766 possession of this phd nullified his
CzhXx-rHdqM-00242-00053767-00053966 requirement to enter national service in
CzhXx-rHdqM-00243-00053967-00054175 the armed forces which was otherwise due
CzhXx-rHdqM-00244-00054176-00054423 to begin in 1955.
CzhXx-rHdqM-00245-00054424-00054630 george armitage miller a professor at
CzhXx-rHdqM-00246-00054632-00054879 harvard read the phd and was impressed
CzhXx-rHdqM-00247-00054879-00055071 together he and chomsky published a
CzhXx-rHdqM-00248-00055072-00055215 number of technical papers in
CzhXx-rHdqM-00249-00055216-00055463 mathematical linguistics
CzhXx-rHdqM-00250-00055464-00055782 in 1947 chomsky entered into a romantic
CzhXx-rHdqM-00251-00055783-00055982 relationship with carol doris schatz
CzhXx-rHdqM-00252-00055983-00056111 whom he had known since they were
CzhXx-rHdqM-00253-00056112-00056423 toddlers and they married in 1949.
CzhXx-rHdqM-00254-00056424-00056615 after chomsky was made a fellow at
CzhXx-rHdqM-00255-00056616-00056823 harvard the couple moved to an apartment
CzhXx-rHdqM-00256-00056824-00057030 in the alston area of boston remaining
CzhXx-rHdqM-00257-00057032-00057311 there until 1965 when they relocated to
CzhXx-rHdqM-00258-00057312-00057503 the suburb of lexington
CzhXx-rHdqM-00259-00057504-00057775 in 1953 the couple took up a harvard
CzhXx-rHdqM-00260-00057776-00057975 travel grant in order to visit europe
CzhXx-rHdqM-00261-00057976-00058135 traveling from the united kingdom
CzhXx-rHdqM-00262-00058136-00058319 through france and switzerland and into
CzhXx-rHdqM-00263-00058320-00058423 italy
CzhXx-rHdqM-00264-00058424-00058647 on that same trip they also spent six
CzhXx-rHdqM-00265-00058648-00058854 weeks in israel at hashomer hatzer's
CzhXx-rHdqM-00266-00058855-00059047 hazoria
CzhXx-rHdqM-00267-00059048-00059263 although enjoying himself chomsky was
CzhXx-rHdqM-00268-00059264-00059463 appalled by the jewish nationalism and
CzhXx-rHdqM-00269-00059464-00059671 anti-arab racism that he encountered in
CzhXx-rHdqM-00270-00059672-00059887 the country as well as the pro-stalinist
CzhXx-rHdqM-00271-00059888-00060023 trend that he thought pervaded the
CzhXx-rHdqM-00272-00060024-00060254 kibbutz's leftist community on visits to
CzhXx-rHdqM-00273-00060255-00060454 new york city chomsky continued to
CzhXx-rHdqM-00274-00060455-00060663 frequent the office of yiddish anarchist
CzhXx-rHdqM-00275-00060664-00060871 journal frey arbeiter stimi becoming
CzhXx-rHdqM-00276-00060872-00061071 enamored with the ideas of contributor
CzhXx-rHdqM-00277-00061072-00061279 rudolf rocker whose work introduced him
CzhXx-rHdqM-00278-00061279-00061438 to the link between anarchism and
CzhXx-rHdqM-00279-00061439-00061623 classical liberalism
CzhXx-rHdqM-00280-00061624-00061799 other political thinkers whose work
CzhXx-rHdqM-00281-00061800-00062006 chomsky read included the anarchist
CzhXx-rHdqM-00282-00062007-00062247 diego abad de santillan democratic
CzhXx-rHdqM-00283-00062248-00062447 socialists george orwell bertrand
CzhXx-rHdqM-00284-00062448-00062663 russell and dwight mcdonald and works by
CzhXx-rHdqM-00285-00062664-00062894 marxists carl libnecht carl corsche and
CzhXx-rHdqM-00286-00062895-00063063 rosa luxembourg
CzhXx-rHdqM-00287-00063064-00063215 his readings convinced him of the
CzhXx-rHdqM-00288-00063216-00063447 desirability of an anarcho-syndicalist
CzhXx-rHdqM-00289-00063448-00063699 society and he became fascinated by the
CzhXx-rHdqM-00290-00063700-00063894 anarcho-syndicalist communes set up
CzhXx-rHdqM-00291-00063895-00064071 during the spanish civil war which were
CzhXx-rHdqM-00292-00064072-00064254 documented in orwell's homage to
CzhXx-rHdqM-00293-00064255-00064487 catalonia 1938.
CzhXx-rHdqM-00294-00064488-00064654 he haven'tly read leftist journal
CzhXx-rHdqM-00295-00064655-00064903 politics remarking that it answered to
CzhXx-rHdqM-00296-00064904-00065166 and developed his interest in anarchism
CzhXx-rHdqM-00297-00065167-00065406 as well as the periodical living marxism
CzhXx-rHdqM-00298-00065407-00065591 published by council communist paul
CzhXx-rHdqM-00299-00065592-00065703 matic
CzhXx-rHdqM-00300-00065704-00065903 although rejecting its marxist basis
CzhXx-rHdqM-00301-00065904-00066087 chomsky was heavily influenced by
CzhXx-rHdqM-00302-00066088-00066311 council communism voraciously reading
CzhXx-rHdqM-00303-00066312-00066503 articles in living marxism written by
CzhXx-rHdqM-00304-00066504-00066679 antoni panikog
CzhXx-rHdqM-00305-00066680-00066871 he was also greatly interested in the
CzhXx-rHdqM-00306-00066872-00067079 marlonite ideas of the leninist league
CzhXx-rHdqM-00307-00067080-00067326 an anti-stalinist marxist-leninist group
CzhXx-rHdqM-00308-00067327-00067479 sharing their views that the second
CzhXx-rHdqM-00309-00067480-00067687 world war was orchestrated by western
CzhXx-rHdqM-00310-00067688-00067950 capitalists and the soviet unions state
CzhXx-rHdqM-00311-00067951-00068167 capitalists to crush europe's
CzhXx-rHdqM-00312-00068168-00068638 proletariat
CzhXx-rHdqM-00313-00068639-00069294 early career 1955-66
CzhXx-rHdqM-00314-00069295-00069511 chomsky had befriended two linguists at
CzhXx-rHdqM-00315-00069512-00069671 the massachusetts institute of
CzhXx-rHdqM-00316-00069672-00069967 technology mit maurice halley and roman
CzhXx-rHdqM-00317-00069968-00070175 jacobson the latter of whom secured him
CzhXx-rHdqM-00318-00070176-00070415 an assistant professor position at mit
CzhXx-rHdqM-00319-00070416-00070615 in 1955.
CzhXx-rHdqM-00320-00070616-00070815 the chomsky spent half his time on a
CzhXx-rHdqM-00321-00070816-00071031 mechanical translation project and the
CzhXx-rHdqM-00322-00071032-00071175 other half teaching a course on
CzhXx-rHdqM-00323-00071176-00071391 linguistics and philosophy
CzhXx-rHdqM-00324-00071392-00071638 chomsky had been recruited to mit by
CzhXx-rHdqM-00325-00071639-00071879 jerome wiesner an influential scientist
CzhXx-rHdqM-00326-00071880-00072094 who at this time was also involved in
CzhXx-rHdqM-00327-00072095-00072335 getting the us's nuclear missile program
CzhXx-rHdqM-00328-00072336-00072519 established having brought such missile
CzhXx-rHdqM-00329-00072520-00072759 research to mit wiesner then became a
CzhXx-rHdqM-00330-00072760-00072950 nuclear strategy adviser to both
CzhXx-rHdqM-00331-00072951-00073167 presidents eisenhower and kennedy before
CzhXx-rHdqM-00332-00073168-00073415 returning to mit to oversee research
CzhXx-rHdqM-00333-00073416-00073606 programs at the institute
CzhXx-rHdqM-00334-00073607-00073855 however despite its military involvement
CzhXx-rHdqM-00335-00073856-00074159 chomsky has described mit as a pretty
CzhXx-rHdqM-00336-00074160-00074362 free and open place open to
CzhXx-rHdqM-00337-00074363-00074567 experimentation and without rigid
CzhXx-rHdqM-00338-00074568-00074726 requirements
CzhXx-rHdqM-00339-00074727-00074947 it was just perfect for someone of my
CzhXx-rHdqM-00340-00074948-00075262 idiosyncratic interests and work
CzhXx-rHdqM-00341-00075263-00075606 in 1957 mit promoted him to the position
CzhXx-rHdqM-00342-00075607-00075911 of associate professor and from 1957 to
CzhXx-rHdqM-00343-00075912-00076191 1958 he was also employed by columbia
CzhXx-rHdqM-00344-00076192-00076462 university as a visiting professor
CzhXx-rHdqM-00345-00076463-00076703 that same year chomsky's first child a
CzhXx-rHdqM-00346-00076704-00076903 daughter named aviva was born and he
CzhXx-rHdqM-00347-00076904-00077103 published his first book on linguistics
CzhXx-rHdqM-00348-00077104-00077287 syntactic structures a work that
CzhXx-rHdqM-00349-00077288-00077471 radically opposed the dominant harris
CzhXx-rHdqM-00350-00077472-00077679 bloomfield trend in the field
CzhXx-rHdqM-00351-00077680-00077903 the response to chomsky's ideas ranged
CzhXx-rHdqM-00352-00077904-00078103 from indifference to hostility and his
CzhXx-rHdqM-00353-00078104-00078311 work proved divisive and caused
CzhXx-rHdqM-00354-00078312-00078494 significant upheaval
CzhXx-rHdqM-00355-00078495-00078719 in the discipline linguist john lyons
CzhXx-rHdqM-00356-00078720-00078959 later asserted that it revolutionized
CzhXx-rHdqM-00357-00078960-00079247 the scientific study of language
CzhXx-rHdqM-00358-00079248-00079638 from 1958 to 1959 chomsky was a national
CzhXx-rHdqM-00359-00079639-00079806 science foundation fellow at the
CzhXx-rHdqM-00360-00079807-00079982 institute for advanced study in
CzhXx-rHdqM-00361-00079983-00080262 princeton new jersey in 1959 he
CzhXx-rHdqM-00362-00080263-00080575 published a review of b.f skinner's 1957
CzhXx-rHdqM-00363-00080576-00080767 book verbal behavior in the journal
CzhXx-rHdqM-00364-00080768-00080935 language in which he argued against
CzhXx-rHdqM-00365-00080936-00081103 skinner's view of language as learned
CzhXx-rHdqM-00366-00081104-00081223 behavior
CzhXx-rHdqM-00367-00081224-00081431 opining that skinner ignored the role of
CzhXx-rHdqM-00368-00081432-00081647 human creativity in linguistics his
CzhXx-rHdqM-00369-00081648-00081815 review helped him to become an
CzhXx-rHdqM-00370-00081816-00082055 established intellectual and he
CzhXx-rHdqM-00371-00082056-00082223 proceeded to found mitt's graduate
CzhXx-rHdqM-00372-00082224-00082479 program in linguistics with halle
CzhXx-rHdqM-00373-00082480-00082799 in 1961 he was awarded academic tenure
CzhXx-rHdqM-00374-00082800-00082959 being made a full professor in the
CzhXx-rHdqM-00375-00082960-00083135 department of modern languages and
CzhXx-rHdqM-00376-00083136-00083271 linguistics
CzhXx-rHdqM-00377-00083272-00083455 he went on to be appointed plenary
CzhXx-rHdqM-00378-00083456-00083615 speaker at the 9th international
CzhXx-rHdqM-00379-00083616-00083911 congress of linguists held in 1962 in
CzhXx-rHdqM-00380-00083912-00084071 cambridge massachusetts which
CzhXx-rHdqM-00381-00084072-00084231 established him as the de facto
CzhXx-rHdqM-00382-00084232-00084494 spokesperson of american linguistics
CzhXx-rHdqM-00383-00084495-00084687 he continued to publish his linguistic
CzhXx-rHdqM-00384-00084688-00084894 ideas throughout the decade including in
CzhXx-rHdqM-00385-00084895-00085223 aspects of the theory of syntax 1966
CzhXx-rHdqM-00386-00085224-00085391 topics in the theory of generative
CzhXx-rHdqM-00387-00085392-00085743 grammar 1966 and cartesian linguistics a
CzhXx-rHdqM-00388-00085744-00085926 chapter in the history of rationalist
CzhXx-rHdqM-00389-00085927-00086159 thought 1966
CzhXx-rHdqM-00390-00086160-00086367 along with halle he also edited the
CzhXx-rHdqM-00391-00086368-00086559 studies in language series of books for
CzhXx-rHdqM-00392-00086560-00086775 harper and rho and extended the theory
CzhXx-rHdqM-00393-00086776-00086975 of generative grammar to phonology in
CzhXx-rHdqM-00394-00086976-00087262 the sound pattern of english 1968. he
CzhXx-rHdqM-00395-00087263-00087415 continued to receive academic
CzhXx-rHdqM-00396-00087416-00087635 recognition and honors for his work in
CzhXx-rHdqM-00397-00087636-00087943 1966 visiting a variety of californian
CzhXx-rHdqM-00398-00087944-00088143 institutions first as the linguistic
CzhXx-rHdqM-00399-00088144-00088335 society of america professor at the
CzhXx-rHdqM-00400-00088336-00088559 university of california and then as the
CzhXx-rHdqM-00401-00088560-00088750 beckman professor at the university of
CzhXx-rHdqM-00402-00088751-00088943 california berkeley
CzhXx-rHdqM-00403-00088944-00089143 his beckman lectures would be assembled
CzhXx-rHdqM-00404-00089144-00089318 and published as language and mind in
CzhXx-rHdqM-00405-00089319-00089503 1968.
CzhXx-rHdqM-00406-00089504-00089726 in this period military scientists were
CzhXx-rHdqM-00407-00089727-00090031 also interested in chomsky's linguistics
CzhXx-rHdqM-00408-00090032-00090238 as former air force colonel anthony
CzhXx-rHdqM-00409-00090239-00090471 debbins said much of the research
CzhXx-rHdqM-00410-00090472-00090743 conducted at mit by chomsky and his
CzhXx-rHdqM-00411-00090744-00090991 colleagues has direct application to the
CzhXx-rHdqM-00412-00090992-00091182 efforts undertaken by military
CzhXx-rHdqM-00413-00091183-00091415 scientists to develop languages for
CzhXx-rHdqM-00414-00091416-00091679 computer operations in military command
CzhXx-rHdqM-00415-00091680-00091911 and control systems
CzhXx-rHdqM-00416-00091912-00092326 indeed between 1963 and 1965 chomsky was
CzhXx-rHdqM-00417-00092327-00092535 a consultant for a military-sponsored
CzhXx-rHdqM-00418-00092536-00092759 project to establish natural language as
CzhXx-rHdqM-00419-00092760-00092950 an operational language for command and
CzhXx-rHdqM-00420-00092951-00093135 control
CzhXx-rHdqM-00421-00093136-00093423 quote one of chomsky's students who also
CzhXx-rHdqM-00422-00093424-00093679 worked on this project barbara pardy
CzhXx-rHdqM-00423-00093680-00093894 says that this research was justified to
CzhXx-rHdqM-00424-00093895-00094174 the military on the basis that
CzhXx-rHdqM-00425-00094175-00094359 in the event of a nuclear war the
CzhXx-rHdqM-00426-00094360-00094526 generals would be underground with some
CzhXx-rHdqM-00427-00094527-00094718 computers trying to manage things and
CzhXx-rHdqM-00428-00094719-00094887 that it would probably be easier to
CzhXx-rHdqM-00429-00094888-00095079 teach computers to understand english
CzhXx-rHdqM-00430-00095080-00095287 than to teach the generals to program
CzhXx-rHdqM-00431-00095288-00095511 however these scientists eventually
CzhXx-rHdqM-00432-00095512-00095750 found chomsky's theories unworkable for
CzhXx-rHdqM-00433-00095751-00095974 their computer systems
CzhXx-rHdqM-00434-00095975-00096191 other subsequent difficulties with the
CzhXx-rHdqM-00435-00096192-00096431 theories led to various debates between
CzhXx-rHdqM-00436-00096432-00096647 chomsky and his critics that came to be
CzhXx-rHdqM-00437-00096648-00096959 known as the linguistics wars although
CzhXx-rHdqM-00438-00096960-00097150 they revolved largely around debating
CzhXx-rHdqM-00439-00097151-00097318 philosophical issues rather than
CzhXx-rHdqM-00440-00097319-00097847 linguistics proper
CzhXx-rHdqM-00441-00097848-00098367 later life
CzhXx-rHdqM-00442-00098368-00098615 anti-vietnam war activism and rise to
CzhXx-rHdqM-00443-00098616-00099287 prominence 1967-75
CzhXx-rHdqM-00444-00099288-00099526 chomsky first involved himself in active
CzhXx-rHdqM-00445-00099527-00099718 political protest against u.s
CzhXx-rHdqM-00446-00099719-00100031 involvement in the vietnam war in 1962
CzhXx-rHdqM-00447-00100032-00100191 speaking on the subject at small
CzhXx-rHdqM-00448-00100192-00100431 gatherings in churches and homes
CzhXx-rHdqM-00449-00100432-00100735 however it was not until 1967 that he
CzhXx-rHdqM-00450-00100736-00100926 publicly entered the debate on united
CzhXx-rHdqM-00451-00100927-00101126 states foreign policy
CzhXx-rHdqM-00452-00101127-00101350 in february he published a widely read
CzhXx-rHdqM-00453-00101351-00101535 essay in the new york review of books
CzhXx-rHdqM-00454-00101536-00101759 entitled the responsibility of
CzhXx-rHdqM-00455-00101760-00102031 intellectuals in which he criticized the
CzhXx-rHdqM-00456-00102032-00102223 country's involvement in the conflict
CzhXx-rHdqM-00457-00102224-00102423 the essay was based on an earlier talk
CzhXx-rHdqM-00458-00102424-00102551 that he had given to harvard's
CzhXx-rHdqM-00459-00102552-00102806 foundation for jewish campus life
CzhXx-rHdqM-00460-00102807-00103023 he expanded on his argument to produce
CzhXx-rHdqM-00461-00103024-00103263 his first political book american power
CzhXx-rHdqM-00462-00103264-00103399 and the new mandarins which was
CzhXx-rHdqM-00463-00103400-00103671 published in 1969 and soon established
CzhXx-rHdqM-00464-00103672-00103927 him at the forefront of american descent
CzhXx-rHdqM-00465-00103928-00104118 his other political books of the time
CzhXx-rHdqM-00466-00104119-00104415 included at war with asia 1971 the
CzhXx-rHdqM-00467-00104416-00104771 backroom boys 1973 for reasons of state
CzhXx-rHdqM-00468-00104772-00105151 1973 and peace in the middle east 1975
CzhXx-rHdqM-00469-00105152-00105383 published by pantheon books
CzhXx-rHdqM-00470-00105383-00105543 coming to be associated with the
CzhXx-rHdqM-00471-00105544-00105702 american new left movement he
CzhXx-rHdqM-00472-00105703-00105895 nevertheless thought little of prominent
CzhXx-rHdqM-00473-00105896-00106127 new left intellectuals herbert marcuse
CzhXx-rHdqM-00474-00106128-00106310 and eric from and preferred the company
CzhXx-rHdqM-00475-00106311-00106543 of activists to intellectuals
CzhXx-rHdqM-00476-00106544-00106727 although the new york review of books
CzhXx-rHdqM-00477-00106728-00106951 did publish contributions from chomsky
CzhXx-rHdqM-00478-00106952-00107327 and other leftists from 1967 to 1973
CzhXx-rHdqM-00479-00107328-00107534 when an editorial change put a stop to
CzhXx-rHdqM-00480-00107535-00107727 it he was virtually ignored by the rest
CzhXx-rHdqM-00481-00107728-00107895 of the mainstream press throughout the
CzhXx-rHdqM-00482-00107896-00108223 late 1960s and early 1970s along with
CzhXx-rHdqM-00483-00108224-00108431 his writings chomsky also became
CzhXx-rHdqM-00484-00108432-00108710 actively involved in left-wing activism
CzhXx-rHdqM-00485-00108711-00108919 refusing to pay half his taxes he
CzhXx-rHdqM-00486-00108920-00109119 publicly supported students who refused
CzhXx-rHdqM-00487-00109120-00109302 the draft and was arrested for being
CzhXx-rHdqM-00488-00109303-00109502 part of an anti-war teach in outside the
CzhXx-rHdqM-00489-00109503-00109623 pentagon
CzhXx-rHdqM-00490-00109624-00109839 during this time chomsky along with
CzhXx-rHdqM-00491-00109840-00110015 mitchell goodman denise leverative
CzhXx-rHdqM-00492-00110016-00110183 william sloane coffin and dwight
CzhXx-rHdqM-00493-00110183-00110390 mcdonald also founded the anti-war
CzhXx-rHdqM-00494-00110391-00110558 collective resist
CzhXx-rHdqM-00495-00110559-00110734 although he questioned the objectives of
CzhXx-rHdqM-00496-00110735-00111054 the 1968 student protests chomsky gave
CzhXx-rHdqM-00497-00111055-00111271 many lectures to student activist groups
CzhXx-rHdqM-00498-00111272-00111463 furthermore he and his colleague louis
CzhXx-rHdqM-00499-00111464-00111695 camp began running undergraduate courses
CzhXx-rHdqM-00500-00111696-00111966 on politics at mit independently of the
CzhXx-rHdqM-00501-00111967-00112183 conservative dominated political science
CzhXx-rHdqM-00502-00112183-00112366 department during this period mitt's
CzhXx-rHdqM-00503-00112367-00112543 various departments were researching
CzhXx-rHdqM-00504-00112544-00112723 helicopters smart bombs and
CzhXx-rHdqM-00505-00112724-00112895 counter-insurgency techniques for the
CzhXx-rHdqM-00506-00112896-00113175 war in vietnam and as chomsky says a
CzhXx-rHdqM-00507-00113176-00113407 good deal of nuclear missile guidance
CzhXx-rHdqM-00508-00113408-00113615 technology was developed right on the
CzhXx-rHdqM-00509-00113616-00113854 mit campus
CzhXx-rHdqM-00510-00113855-00114278 as chomsky elaborates mit was about 90
CzhXx-rHdqM-00511-00114279-00114527 pentagon funded at that time
CzhXx-rHdqM-00512-00114528-00114734 and i personally was right in the middle
CzhXx-rHdqM-00513-00114735-00115134 of it i was in a military lab
CzhXx-rHdqM-00514-00115135-00115495 the research laboratory for electronics
CzhXx-rHdqM-00515-00115496-00115815 by 1969 student activists were actively
CzhXx-rHdqM-00516-00115816-00116119 campaigning to stop the war research
CzhXx-rHdqM-00517-00116120-00116407 at mit chomsky was sympathetic to the
CzhXx-rHdqM-00518-00116408-00116590 students but he also thought it best to
CzhXx-rHdqM-00519-00116591-00116775 keep such research on campus and he
CzhXx-rHdqM-00520-00116776-00116951 proposed that it should be restricted to
CzhXx-rHdqM-00521-00116952-00117190 what he called systems of a purely
CzhXx-rHdqM-00522-00117191-00117478 defensive and deterrent character
CzhXx-rHdqM-00523-00117479-00117734 mit had six of its anti-war student
CzhXx-rHdqM-00524-00117735-00117999 activists sentenced to prison terms
CzhXx-rHdqM-00525-00118000-00118199 chomsky says mid students suffered
CzhXx-rHdqM-00526-00118200-00118351 things that should not have happened
CzhXx-rHdqM-00527-00118352-00118575 however chomsky has also claimed that
CzhXx-rHdqM-00528-00118576-00118799 mit has quite a good record on civil
CzhXx-rHdqM-00529-00118800-00118927 liberties
CzhXx-rHdqM-00530-00118928-00119223 in 1970 chomsky visited the vietnamese
CzhXx-rHdqM-00531-00119224-00119390 city of hanoi to give a lecture at the
CzhXx-rHdqM-00532-00119391-00119583 hanoi university of science and
CzhXx-rHdqM-00533-00119583-00119815 technology on this trip he also toured
CzhXx-rHdqM-00534-00119816-00120031 laos to visit the refugee camps created
CzhXx-rHdqM-00535-00120032-00120302 by the war and in 1973 he was among
CzhXx-rHdqM-00536-00120303-00120471 those leading a committee to commemorate
CzhXx-rHdqM-00537-00120472-00120639 the 50th anniversary of the war
CzhXx-rHdqM-00538-00120640-00120799 resisters league
CzhXx-rHdqM-00539-00120800-00121014 as a result of his anti-war activism
CzhXx-rHdqM-00540-00121015-00121207 chomsky was ultimately arrested on
CzhXx-rHdqM-00541-00121208-00121423 multiple occasions and u.s president
CzhXx-rHdqM-00542-00121424-00121623 richard nixon included him on the master
CzhXx-rHdqM-00543-00121624-00121839 version of his enemies list
CzhXx-rHdqM-00544-00121840-00121983 he was aware of the potential
CzhXx-rHdqM-00545-00121983-00122199 repercussions of his civil disobedience
CzhXx-rHdqM-00546-00122200-00122390 and his wife began studying for her own
CzhXx-rHdqM-00547-00122391-00122623 phd in linguistics in order to support
CzhXx-rHdqM-00548-00122624-00122814 the family in the event of chomsky's
CzhXx-rHdqM-00549-00122815-00123054 imprisonment or loss of employment
CzhXx-rHdqM-00550-00123055-00123310 however mit despite being under some
CzhXx-rHdqM-00551-00123311-00123510 pressure to do so refused to fire him
CzhXx-rHdqM-00552-00123511-00123695 due to his influential standing in the
CzhXx-rHdqM-00553-00123696-00123871 field of linguistics
CzhXx-rHdqM-00554-00123872-00124071 his work in this area continued to gain
CzhXx-rHdqM-00555-00124072-00124375 international recognition in 1967 he
CzhXx-rHdqM-00556-00124376-00124558 received honorary doctorates from both
CzhXx-rHdqM-00557-00124559-00124710 the university of london and the
CzhXx-rHdqM-00558-00124711-00124927 university of chicago
CzhXx-rHdqM-00559-00124928-00125254 in 1970 loyola university and swarthmore
CzhXx-rHdqM-00560-00125255-00125534 college also awarded him honorary dhls
CzhXx-rHdqM-00561-00125535-00125831 as did bard college in 1971 delhi
CzhXx-rHdqM-00562-00125832-00126151 university in 1972 and the university of
CzhXx-rHdqM-00563-00126152-00126239 massachusetts
CzhXx-rHdqM-00564-00126240-00126607 in 1973. in 1971 chomsky gave the
CzhXx-rHdqM-00565-00126608-00126799 bertrand russell memorial lectures at
CzhXx-rHdqM-00566-00126800-00126975 the university of cambridge which were
CzhXx-rHdqM-00567-00126976-00127158 published as problems of knowledge and
CzhXx-rHdqM-00568-00127159-00127343 freedom later that year
CzhXx-rHdqM-00569-00127344-00127527 he also delivered the whitten lectures
CzhXx-rHdqM-00570-00127528-00127743 at mcmaster university the hizinga
CzhXx-rHdqM-00571-00127744-00127927 lecture at leiden university in the
CzhXx-rHdqM-00572-00127928-00128110 netherlands the woodbridge lectures at
CzhXx-rHdqM-00573-00128111-00128295 columbia university and the kant
CzhXx-rHdqM-00574-00128296-00128534 lectures at stanford university
CzhXx-rHdqM-00575-00128535-00128863 in 1971 he partook in a televised debate
CzhXx-rHdqM-00576-00128864-00129071 with french philosopher michel foucault
CzhXx-rHdqM-00577-00129072-00129271 on dutch television entitled human
CzhXx-rHdqM-00578-00129272-00129510 nature justice versus power
CzhXx-rHdqM-00579-00129511-00129695 although largely agreeing with foco's
CzhXx-rHdqM-00580-00129696-00129943 ideas he was critical of post-modernism
CzhXx-rHdqM-00581-00129944-00130119 and french philosophy generally
CzhXx-rHdqM-00582-00130120-00130295 believing that post-modern leftist
CzhXx-rHdqM-00583-00130296-00130519 philosophers used obfuscating language
CzhXx-rHdqM-00584-00130520-00130678 which did little to aid the cause of the
CzhXx-rHdqM-00585-00130679-00130910 working classes and lambasting france as
CzhXx-rHdqM-00586-00130911-00131127 having a highly parochial and remarkably
CzhXx-rHdqM-00587-00131128-00131295 illiterate culture
CzhXx-rHdqM-00588-00131296-00131495 chomsky also continued to publish
CzhXx-rHdqM-00589-00131496-00131711 prolifically in linguistics publishing
CzhXx-rHdqM-00590-00131712-00131895 studies on semantics in generative
CzhXx-rHdqM-00591-00131896-00132207 grammar 1972 an enlarged edition of
CzhXx-rHdqM-00592-00132208-00132502 language and mind 1972 and reflections
CzhXx-rHdqM-00593-00132503-00132759 on language 1975
CzhXx-rHdqM-00594-00132760-00133078 in 1974 he became a corresponding fellow
CzhXx-rHdqM-00595-00133079-00133271 of the british academy
CzhXx-rHdqM-00596-00133272-00133471 topic edward herrmann and the forusan
CzhXx-rHdqM-00597-00133472-00133595 affair
CzhXx-rHdqM-00598-00133596-00133887 1976-80 throughout the late 1970s and
CzhXx-rHdqM-00599-00133888-00134190 1980s chomsky's publications expanded
CzhXx-rHdqM-00600-00134191-00134351 and clarified his earlier work
CzhXx-rHdqM-00601-00134352-00134543 addressing his critics and updating his
CzhXx-rHdqM-00602-00134544-00134711 grammatical theory
CzhXx-rHdqM-00603-00134712-00134911 his public talks often generated
CzhXx-rHdqM-00604-00134912-00135135 considerable controversy particularly
CzhXx-rHdqM-00605-00135136-00135302 when he criticized actions of the
CzhXx-rHdqM-00606-00135303-00135511 israeli government and military and his
CzhXx-rHdqM-00607-00135512-00135695 political views came under attack from
CzhXx-rHdqM-00608-00135696-00135911 right-wing and centrist figures the most
CzhXx-rHdqM-00609-00135912-00136183 prominent of whom was alan dershowitz
CzhXx-rHdqM-00610-00136184-00136423 chomsky considered dershowitz a complete
CzhXx-rHdqM-00611-00136424-00136590 liar and accused him of actively
CzhXx-rHdqM-00612-00136591-00136871 misrepresenting his position on issues
CzhXx-rHdqM-00613-00136872-00137143 during the early 1970s chomsky began
CzhXx-rHdqM-00614-00137144-00137351 collaborating with edward s herman who
CzhXx-rHdqM-00615-00137352-00137551 had also published critiques of the u.s
CzhXx-rHdqM-00616-00137552-00137719 war in vietnam
CzhXx-rHdqM-00617-00137720-00137843 together they authored
CzhXx-rHdqM-00618-00137844-00137999 counter-revolutionary violence
CzhXx-rHdqM-00619-00138000-00138247 bloodbaths in fact and propaganda a book
CzhXx-rHdqM-00620-00138248-00138447 which criticized u.s military
CzhXx-rHdqM-00621-00138448-00138631 involvement in southeast asia and
CzhXx-rHdqM-00622-00138632-00138790 highlighted how mainstream media
CzhXx-rHdqM-00623-00138791-00138983 neglected to cover stories about these
CzhXx-rHdqM-00624-00138984-00139223 activities the publisher warner modular
CzhXx-rHdqM-00625-00139224-00139366 initially accepted it and it was
CzhXx-rHdqM-00626-00139367-00139631 published in 1973.
CzhXx-rHdqM-00627-00139632-00139878 however warner modular's parent company
CzhXx-rHdqM-00628-00139879-00140102 warner communications disapproved of the
CzhXx-rHdqM-00629-00140103-00140302 book's contents and ordered all copies
CzhXx-rHdqM-00630-00140303-00140463 to be destroyed while mainstream
CzhXx-rHdqM-00631-00140464-00140654 publishing options proved elusive
CzhXx-rHdqM-00632-00140655-00140839 chomsky found support from michael
CzhXx-rHdqM-00633-00140840-00140995 albert's south end press an
CzhXx-rHdqM-00634-00140996-00141295 activist-oriented publishing company
CzhXx-rHdqM-00635-00141296-00141619 in 1979 chomsky and hermann revised
CzhXx-rHdqM-00636-00141620-00141790 counter-revolutionary violence and
CzhXx-rHdqM-00637-00141791-00141983 published it with south end press as the
CzhXx-rHdqM-00638-00141984-00142175 two volume the political economy of
CzhXx-rHdqM-00639-00142176-00142326 human rights
CzhXx-rHdqM-00640-00142327-00142511 in this they compared u.s media
CzhXx-rHdqM-00641-00142512-00142735 reactions to the cambodian genocide and
CzhXx-rHdqM-00642-00142736-00143023 the indonesian occupation of east timor
CzhXx-rHdqM-00643-00143024-00143214 they argued that because indonesia was a
CzhXx-rHdqM-00644-00143215-00143454 u.s ally u.s media ignored the east
CzhXx-rHdqM-00645-00143455-00143678 timory situation while focusing on that
CzhXx-rHdqM-00646-00143679-00143935 in cambodia a u.s enemy
CzhXx-rHdqM-00647-00143936-00144111 taking a particular interest in the
CzhXx-rHdqM-00648-00144112-00144326 situation in east timor chomsky
CzhXx-rHdqM-00649-00144327-00144535 testified on the subject in front of the
CzhXx-rHdqM-00650-00144536-00144719 united nations special committee on
CzhXx-rHdqM-00651-00144720-00145126 decolonization in both 1978 and 1979 and
CzhXx-rHdqM-00652-00145127-00145326 attended a conference on the occupation
CzhXx-rHdqM-00653-00145327-00145607 held in lisbon in 1979.
CzhXx-rHdqM-00654-00145608-00145839 the following year the marxist academic
CzhXx-rHdqM-00655-00145840-00146014 stephen lukes authored an article for
CzhXx-rHdqM-00656-00146015-00146214 the times higher education supplement
CzhXx-rHdqM-00657-00146215-00146390 accusing chomsky of betraying his
CzhXx-rHdqM-00658-00146391-00146575 anarchist ideals and acting as an
CzhXx-rHdqM-00659-00146576-00146871 apologist for cambodian leader pol pot
CzhXx-rHdqM-00660-00146872-00147087 laura j summers and robin woodsworth
CzhXx-rHdqM-00661-00147088-00147302 carlson replied to the article arguing
CzhXx-rHdqM-00662-00147303-00147487 that luke's completely misunderstood
CzhXx-rHdqM-00663-00147488-00147695 chomsky and herman's work
CzhXx-rHdqM-00664-00147696-00147919 the controversy damaged his reputation
CzhXx-rHdqM-00665-00147920-00148119 and chomsky maintains that his critics
CzhXx-rHdqM-00666-00148120-00148302 deliberately printed lies about him in
CzhXx-rHdqM-00667-00148303-00148519 order to defame him although chomsky had
CzhXx-rHdqM-00668-00148520-00148747 long publicly criticized nazism and
CzhXx-rHdqM-00669-00148748-00148951 totalitarianism more generally his
CzhXx-rHdqM-00670-00148952-00149126 commitment to freedom of speech led him
CzhXx-rHdqM-00671-00149127-00149319 to defend the right of french historian
CzhXx-rHdqM-00672-00149320-00149551 robert fourison to advocate a position
CzhXx-rHdqM-00673-00149552-00149847 widely characterized as holocaust denial
CzhXx-rHdqM-00674-00149848-00150063 without chomsky's knowledge his plea for
CzhXx-rHdqM-00675-00150064-00150247 the historian's freedom of speech was
CzhXx-rHdqM-00676-00150248-00150447 published as the preface to forusan's
CzhXx-rHdqM-00677-00150448-00150799 1980 book memoir n defense contra so kim
CzhXx-rHdqM-00678-00150800-00151054 accusant to falsifier lahistoir
CzhXx-rHdqM-00679-00151055-00151223 chomsky was widely condemned for
CzhXx-rHdqM-00680-00151224-00151407 defending faurason and france's
CzhXx-rHdqM-00681-00151408-00151614 mainstream press accused chomsky of
CzhXx-rHdqM-00682-00151615-00151814 being a holocaust denier himself
CzhXx-rHdqM-00683-00151815-00151983 refusing to publish his rebuttals to
CzhXx-rHdqM-00684-00151984-00152151 their accusations
CzhXx-rHdqM-00685-00152152-00152326 critiquing chomsky's position
CzhXx-rHdqM-00686-00152327-00152559 sociologist werner cohn later published
CzhXx-rHdqM-00687-00152560-00152735 an analysis of the affair titled
CzhXx-rHdqM-00688-00152736-00152935 partners in hate noam chomsky and the
CzhXx-rHdqM-00689-00152936-00153126 holocaust deniers
CzhXx-rHdqM-00690-00153127-00153335 the forusan affair had a lasting
CzhXx-rHdqM-00691-00153336-00153566 damaging effect on chomsky's career and
CzhXx-rHdqM-00692-00153567-00153775 chomsky did not visit france where the
CzhXx-rHdqM-00693-00153776-00153959 translation of his political writings
CzhXx-rHdqM-00694-00153960-00154183 was delayed until the 2000s for almost
CzhXx-rHdqM-00695-00154184-00154678 30 years following the debacle
CzhXx-rHdqM-00696-00154679-00154902 topic reaganite era and work on the
CzhXx-rHdqM-00697-00154903-00155502 media 1980-289
CzhXx-rHdqM-00698-00155503-00155678 the election of republican party
CzhXx-rHdqM-00699-00155679-00155871 candidate ronald reagan to the u.s
CzhXx-rHdqM-00700-00155872-00156126 presidency in 1980 marked a period of
CzhXx-rHdqM-00701-00156127-00156311 increased military intervention in
CzhXx-rHdqM-00702-00156312-00156471 central america
CzhXx-rHdqM-00703-00156472-00156783 in 1985 during nicaragua's contra war in
CzhXx-rHdqM-00704-00156784-00156959 which the u.s supported the contra
CzhXx-rHdqM-00705-00156960-00157119 militia against the sandinista
CzhXx-rHdqM-00706-00157120-00157335 government chomsky traveled to managua
CzhXx-rHdqM-00707-00157336-00157526 to meet with workers organizations and
CzhXx-rHdqM-00708-00157527-00157743 refugees of the conflict giving public
CzhXx-rHdqM-00709-00157744-00158007 lectures on politics and linguistics
CzhXx-rHdqM-00710-00158008-00158151 many of these lectures would be
CzhXx-rHdqM-00711-00158152-00158407 published in 1987 as on power and
CzhXx-rHdqM-00712-00158408-00158687 ideology the managua lectures
CzhXx-rHdqM-00713-00158688-00158926 in 1983 he published the fateful
CzhXx-rHdqM-00714-00158927-00159114 triangle an examination of the
CzhXx-rHdqM-00715-00159115-00159326 israel-palestine conflict and the place
CzhXx-rHdqM-00716-00159327-00159502 of the u.s within it arguing that the
CzhXx-rHdqM-00717-00159503-00159711 u.s had continually used the conflict
CzhXx-rHdqM-00718-00159712-00159871 for its own ends
CzhXx-rHdqM-00719-00159872-00160126 in 1988 chomsky then visited the
CzhXx-rHdqM-00720-00160127-00160335 palestinian territories to witness the
CzhXx-rHdqM-00721-00160336-00160639 impact of israeli military occupation
CzhXx-rHdqM-00722-00160640-00160919 in 1988 chomsky and hermann published
CzhXx-rHdqM-00723-00160920-00161126 manufacturing consent the political
CzhXx-rHdqM-00724-00161127-00161343 economy of the mass media in which they
CzhXx-rHdqM-00725-00161344-00161519 outlined their propaganda model for
CzhXx-rHdqM-00726-00161520-00161711 understanding the mainstream media there
CzhXx-rHdqM-00727-00161712-00161871 they argued that even in countries
CzhXx-rHdqM-00728-00161872-00162054 without official censorship the news
CzhXx-rHdqM-00729-00162055-00162214 provided was censored through four
CzhXx-rHdqM-00730-00162215-00162414 filters which had a great impact on what
CzhXx-rHdqM-00731-00162415-00162583 stories are reported and how they are
CzhXx-rHdqM-00732-00162584-00162702 presented
CzhXx-rHdqM-00733-00162703-00162983 the book was adapted into a 1992 film
CzhXx-rHdqM-00734-00162984-00163231 manufacturing consent gnome chomsky and
CzhXx-rHdqM-00735-00163232-00163423 the media which was directed by mark
CzhXx-rHdqM-00736-00163424-00163623 akbar and peter wintonik
CzhXx-rHdqM-00737-00163624-00163926 in 1989 chomsky published necessary
CzhXx-rHdqM-00738-00163927-00164151 illusions thought control in democratic
CzhXx-rHdqM-00739-00164152-00164351 societies in which he critiqued what he
CzhXx-rHdqM-00740-00164352-00164559 sees as the pseudo-democratic nature of
CzhXx-rHdqM-00741-00164560-00164838 western capitalist states by the 1980s a
CzhXx-rHdqM-00742-00164839-00165031 number of chomsky students had become
CzhXx-rHdqM-00743-00165032-00165223 leading linguistic specialists in their
CzhXx-rHdqM-00744-00165224-00165414 own right expanding revising and
CzhXx-rHdqM-00745-00165415-00165607 expanding on chomsky's ideas of
CzhXx-rHdqM-00746-00165608-00165766 generative grammar
CzhXx-rHdqM-00747-00165767-00166007 by the end of the 1980s chomsky had
CzhXx-rHdqM-00748-00166008-00166190 established himself as a globally
CzhXx-rHdqM-00749-00166191-00166695 recognized figure
CzhXx-rHdqM-00750-00166696-00166951 increased political activism 1990
CzhXx-rHdqM-00751-00166952-00167343 present
CzhXx-rHdqM-00752-00167344-00167623 in the 1990s chomsky embraced political
CzhXx-rHdqM-00753-00167624-00167902 activism to a greater degree than before
CzhXx-rHdqM-00754-00167903-00168087 retaining his commitment to the cause of
CzhXx-rHdqM-00755-00168088-00168375 east timory's independence in 1995 he
CzhXx-rHdqM-00756-00168376-00168575 visited australia to talk on the issue
CzhXx-rHdqM-00757-00168576-00168735 at the behest of the east timory's
CzhXx-rHdqM-00758-00168736-00168926 relief association and the national
CzhXx-rHdqM-00759-00168927-00169190 council for east timory's resistance
CzhXx-rHdqM-00760-00169191-00169375 the lectures that he gave on the subject
CzhXx-rHdqM-00761-00169376-00169526 would be published as powers and
CzhXx-rHdqM-00762-00169527-00169790 prospects in 1996
CzhXx-rHdqM-00763-00169791-00169959 as a result of the international
CzhXx-rHdqM-00764-00169960-00170183 publicity generated by chomsky his
CzhXx-rHdqM-00765-00170184-00170414 biographer wolfgang spurlich opined that
CzhXx-rHdqM-00766-00170415-00170575 he did more to aid the cause of east
CzhXx-rHdqM-00767-00170576-00170775 timory's independence than anyone but
CzhXx-rHdqM-00768-00170776-00171054 the investigative journalist john pilger
CzhXx-rHdqM-00769-00171055-00171254 after east timoth's independence from
CzhXx-rHdqM-00770-00171255-00171519 indonesia was achieved in 1999 the
CzhXx-rHdqM-00771-00171520-00171726 australian-led international force for
CzhXx-rHdqM-00772-00171727-00171926 east timor arrived as a peacekeeping
CzhXx-rHdqM-00773-00171927-00172135 force chomsky was critical of this
CzhXx-rHdqM-00774-00172136-00172311 believing that it was designed to secure
CzhXx-rHdqM-00775-00172312-00172543 australian access to east timor's oil
CzhXx-rHdqM-00776-00172544-00172743 and gas reserves under the timor gap
CzhXx-rHdqM-00777-00172744-00172999 treaty chomsky's book profit over people
CzhXx-rHdqM-00778-00173000-00173214 neoliberalism and global order was a
CzhXx-rHdqM-00779-00173215-00173399 boston globe and voice literary
CzhXx-rHdqM-00780-00173400-00173735 supplement bestseller in 1999
CzhXx-rHdqM-00781-00173736-00173959 chomsky retired from full-time teaching
CzhXx-rHdqM-00782-00173960-00174151 although as an emeritus he nevertheless
CzhXx-rHdqM-00783-00174152-00174311 continued to conduct research and
CzhXx-rHdqM-00784-00174312-00174599 seminars at mit after the september 11
CzhXx-rHdqM-00785-00174600-00174863 attacks in 2001. chomsky was widely
CzhXx-rHdqM-00786-00174864-00175023 interviewed with these interviews being
CzhXx-rHdqM-00787-00175024-00175238 collated and published by seven stories
CzhXx-rHdqM-00788-00175239-00175447 press in october
CzhXx-rHdqM-00789-00175448-00175663 chomsky argued that the ensuing war on
CzhXx-rHdqM-00790-00175664-00175847 terror was not a new development but
CzhXx-rHdqM-00791-00175848-00176063 rather a continuation of the same u.s
CzhXx-rHdqM-00792-00176064-00176247 foreign policy and its concomitant
CzhXx-rHdqM-00793-00176248-00176423 rhetoric that had been pursued since at
CzhXx-rHdqM-00794-00176424-00176719 least the reagan era of the 1980s
CzhXx-rHdqM-00795-00176720-00176966 in 2003 he published hegemony or
CzhXx-rHdqM-00796-00176967-00177190 survival in which he articulated what he
CzhXx-rHdqM-00797-00177191-00177463 called the united states imperial grand
CzhXx-rHdqM-00798-00177464-00177583 strategy
CzhXx-rHdqM-00799-00177584-00177775 and critiqued the iraq war and other
CzhXx-rHdqM-00800-00177776-00177990 aspects of the war on terror chomsky
CzhXx-rHdqM-00801-00177991-00178135 toured the world with increasing
CzhXx-rHdqM-00802-00178136-00178335 regularity during this period giving
CzhXx-rHdqM-00803-00178336-00178566 talks on various subjects
CzhXx-rHdqM-00804-00178567-00178871 in 2001 he gave the dt likdawala
CzhXx-rHdqM-00805-00178872-00179119 memorial lecture in new delhi india and
CzhXx-rHdqM-00806-00179120-00179407 in 2003 visited cuba at the invitation
CzhXx-rHdqM-00807-00179408-00179599 of the latin american association of
CzhXx-rHdqM-00808-00179600-00179783 social scientists
CzhXx-rHdqM-00809-00179784-00180087 in 2002 chomsky visited turkey in order
CzhXx-rHdqM-00810-00180088-00180278 to attend the trial of a publisher who
CzhXx-rHdqM-00811-00180279-00180454 had been accused of treason for printing
CzhXx-rHdqM-00812-00180455-00180702 one of chomsky's books chomsky insisted
CzhXx-rHdqM-00813-00180703-00180871 on being a co-defendant and amid
CzhXx-rHdqM-00814-00180872-00181047 international media attention the
CzhXx-rHdqM-00815-00181048-00181263 security courts dropped the prosecution
CzhXx-rHdqM-00816-00181264-00181414 on the first day
CzhXx-rHdqM-00817-00181415-00181654 during that trip chomsky visited kurdish
CzhXx-rHdqM-00818-00181655-00181863 areas of turkey and spoke out in favor
CzhXx-rHdqM-00819-00181864-00182063 of the kurd's human rights
CzhXx-rHdqM-00820-00182064-00182287 a supporter of the world social forum he
CzhXx-rHdqM-00821-00182288-00182487 attended their conferences in brazil in
CzhXx-rHdqM-00822-00182488-00182823 both 2002 and 2003 also attending the
CzhXx-rHdqM-00823-00182824-00183087 forum event in india his wife carol died
CzhXx-rHdqM-00824-00183088-00183407 in december 2008.
CzhXx-rHdqM-00825-00183408-00183599 chomsky was drawn to the energy and
CzhXx-rHdqM-00826-00183600-00183783 activism of the occupy movement
CzhXx-rHdqM-00827-00183784-00183975 delivering talks at encampments and
CzhXx-rHdqM-00828-00183976-00184183 producing two works that chronicled its
CzhXx-rHdqM-00829-00184184-00184407 influence first occupy a pamphlet in
CzhXx-rHdqM-00830-00184408-00184775 2012 then in 2013 occupy reflections on
CzhXx-rHdqM-00831-00184776-00185063 class war rebellion and solidarity
CzhXx-rHdqM-00832-00185064-00185343 both were published by zukati park press
CzhXx-rHdqM-00833-00185344-00185551 his analysis included a critique that
CzhXx-rHdqM-00834-00185552-00185790 attributed occupies growth as a response
CzhXx-rHdqM-00835-00185791-00185950 to a perceived abandonment of the
CzhXx-rHdqM-00836-00185951-00186143 interests of the white working class by
CzhXx-rHdqM-00837-00186144-00186414 the democratic party in march 2014
CzhXx-rHdqM-00838-00186415-00186631 chomsky joined the nuclear age peace
CzhXx-rHdqM-00839-00186632-00186838 foundation advisory council and is a
CzhXx-rHdqM-00840-00186839-00187135 senior fellow there in late 2015 chomsky
CzhXx-rHdqM-00841-00187136-00187326 announced his support for vermont u.s
CzhXx-rHdqM-00842-00187327-00187535 senator bernie sanders in the upcoming
CzhXx-rHdqM-00843-00187536-00187831 2016 united states presidential election
CzhXx-rHdqM-00844-00187832-00188095 in early 2016 chomsky was publicly
CzhXx-rHdqM-00845-00188096-00188278 rebuked by president recep tayyip
CzhXx-rHdqM-00846-00188279-00188471 erdogan of turkey after he signed an
CzhXx-rHdqM-00847-00188472-00188631 open letter condemning the turkish
CzhXx-rHdqM-00848-00188632-00188823 leader for his anti-kurdish repression
CzhXx-rHdqM-00849-00188824-00188983 and for holding double standards on
CzhXx-rHdqM-00850-00188984-00189111 terrorism
CzhXx-rHdqM-00851-00189112-00189366 chomsky accused erdogan of hypocrisy and
CzhXx-rHdqM-00852-00189367-00189519 added that the turkish president
CzhXx-rHdqM-00853-00189520-00189735 supports al-qaeda's syrian affiliate the
CzhXx-rHdqM-00854-00189736-00189911 al-nusra front
CzhXx-rHdqM-00855-00189912-00190183 chomsky also criticized the u.s as close
CzhXx-rHdqM-00856-00190184-00190390 ties with saudi arabia and u.s
CzhXx-rHdqM-00857-00190391-00190575 involvement in saudi arabian-led
CzhXx-rHdqM-00858-00190576-00190766 intervention in yemen highlighting that
CzhXx-rHdqM-00859-00190767-00191023 saudi has one of the most grotesque
CzhXx-rHdqM-00860-00191024-00191271 human rights records in the world
CzhXx-rHdqM-00861-00191272-00191559 in 2016 the documentary requiem for the
CzhXx-rHdqM-00862-00191560-00191766 american dream was released summarizing
CzhXx-rHdqM-00863-00191767-00191983 his views on capitalism and economic
CzhXx-rHdqM-00864-00191984-00192375 inequality through a 75-minute teach-in
CzhXx-rHdqM-00865-00192376-00192559 requiem for the american dream was
CzhXx-rHdqM-00866-00192560-00192814 published as a book in 2017 and is a
CzhXx-rHdqM-00867-00192815-00193014 furthering of the ideas put forward in
CzhXx-rHdqM-00868-00193015-00193326 the 2016 documentary seven stories press
CzhXx-rHdqM-00869-00193327-00193550 in an interview with al jazeera chomsky
CzhXx-rHdqM-00870-00193551-00193750 called donald trump an ignorant
CzhXx-rHdqM-00871-00193751-00193983 thin-skinned megalomaniac
CzhXx-rHdqM-00872-00193984-00194319 and a greater evil than hillary clinton
CzhXx-rHdqM-00873-00194320-00194478 asked about claims that russia
CzhXx-rHdqM-00874-00194479-00194663 interfered in the u.s presidential
CzhXx-rHdqM-00875-00194664-00194887 election through hacking chomsky said
CzhXx-rHdqM-00876-00194888-00195126 it's possible but it's a kind of strange
CzhXx-rHdqM-00877-00195127-00195390 complaint in the united states
CzhXx-rHdqM-00878-00195391-00195614 the u.s has been interfering with and
CzhXx-rHdqM-00879-00195615-00195863 undermining elections all over the world
CzhXx-rHdqM-00880-00195864-00196143 for decades and is proud of it
CzhXx-rHdqM-00881-00196144-00196471 in august 2017 at age 88 and retired
CzhXx-rHdqM-00882-00196472-00196799 since 2002 chomsky left mit to join the
CzhXx-rHdqM-00883-00196800-00197014 linguistics department of university of
CzhXx-rHdqM-00884-00197015-00197278 arizona in tucson as part-time faculty
CzhXx-rHdqM-00885-00197279-00197471 officially starting a few weeks later
CzhXx-rHdqM-00886-00197472-00197726 and teaching in spring 2018.
CzhXx-rHdqM-00887-00197727-00197926 his salary is covered by philanthropy
CzhXx-rHdqM-00888-00197927-00198190 funds chomsky will maintain an office in
CzhXx-rHdqM-00889-00198191-00198343 cambridge
CzhXx-rHdqM-00890-00198344-00198607 in july 2018 chomsky said in an
CzhXx-rHdqM-00891-00198608-00198838 interview with democracy now that it's
CzhXx-rHdqM-00892-00198839-00199014 hard to think of a more brutal and
CzhXx-rHdqM-00893-00199015-00199214 sadistic policy
CzhXx-rHdqM-00894-00199215-00199414 about the trump administration family
CzhXx-rHdqM-00895-00199415-00199687 separation policy in the same interview
CzhXx-rHdqM-00896-00199688-00199938 chomsky also said that alexandria
CzhXx-rHdqM-00897-00199939-00200199 ocasio-cortez's victory of the 2018 new
CzhXx-rHdqM-00898-00200200-00200431 york primary election was a quite
CzhXx-rHdqM-00899-00200432-00201054 spectacular and significant event
CzhXx-rHdqM-00900-00201055-00201599 topic linguistic theory
CzhXx-rHdqM-00901-00201600-00201759 within the field of linguistics
CzhXx-rHdqM-00902-00201760-00201926 mcgilvery credits chomsky with
CzhXx-rHdqM-00903-00201927-00202254 inaugurating the cognitive revolution
CzhXx-rHdqM-00904-00202255-00202438 mcgilvery also credits him with
CzhXx-rHdqM-00905-00202439-00202623 establishing the field as a formal
CzhXx-rHdqM-00906-00202624-00202823 natural science moving it away from the
CzhXx-rHdqM-00907-00202824-00202975 procedural form of structural
CzhXx-rHdqM-00908-00202976-00203150 linguistics that was dominant during the
CzhXx-rHdqM-00909-00203151-00203343 mid-20th century
CzhXx-rHdqM-00910-00203344-00203583 as such some have called him the father
CzhXx-rHdqM-00911-00203584-00203783 of modern linguistics
CzhXx-rHdqM-00912-00203784-00204023 the basis to chomsky's linguistic theory
CzhXx-rHdqM-00913-00204024-00204238 is rooted in biolinguistics holding that
CzhXx-rHdqM-00914-00204239-00204423 the principles underlying the structure
CzhXx-rHdqM-00915-00204424-00204623 of language are biologically determined
CzhXx-rHdqM-00916-00204624-00204814 in the human mind and hence genetically
CzhXx-rHdqM-00917-00204815-00204934 transmitted
CzhXx-rHdqM-00918-00204935-00205134 he therefore argues that all humans
CzhXx-rHdqM-00919-00205135-00205310 share the same underlying linguistic
CzhXx-rHdqM-00920-00205311-00205542 structure irrespective of socio-cultural
CzhXx-rHdqM-00921-00205544-00205679 differences
CzhXx-rHdqM-00922-00205680-00205879 in adopting this position chomsky
CzhXx-rHdqM-00923-00205880-00206055 rejects the radical behaviorist
CzhXx-rHdqM-00924-00206056-00206262 psychology of b.f skinner which views
CzhXx-rHdqM-00925-00206263-00206575 the mind as a tabula rasa blank slate
CzhXx-rHdqM-00926-00206576-00206734 and thus treats language as learned
CzhXx-rHdqM-00927-00206735-00206990 behavior accordingly he argues that
CzhXx-rHdqM-00928-00206991-00207175 language is a unique evolutionary
CzhXx-rHdqM-00929-00207176-00207375 development of the human species and is
CzhXx-rHdqM-00930-00207376-00207575 unlike modes of communication used by
CzhXx-rHdqM-00931-00207576-00207790 any other animal species
CzhXx-rHdqM-00932-00207791-00208014 chomsky's nativist internalist view of
CzhXx-rHdqM-00933-00208015-00208151 language is consistent with the
CzhXx-rHdqM-00934-00208152-00208462 philosophical school of rationalism and
CzhXx-rHdqM-00935-00208463-00208662 is contrasted with the anti-nativist
CzhXx-rHdqM-00936-00208663-00208855 externalist view of language which is
CzhXx-rHdqM-00937-00208856-00209046 consistent with the philosophical school
CzhXx-rHdqM-00938-00209048-00209631 of empiricism
CzhXx-rHdqM-00939-00209632-00210087 universal grammar
CzhXx-rHdqM-00940-00210088-00210351 since the 1960s chomsky has maintained
CzhXx-rHdqM-00941-00210352-00210542 that syntactic knowledge is at least
CzhXx-rHdqM-00942-00210544-00210751 partially inborn implying that children
CzhXx-rHdqM-00943-00210752-00210934 need only learn certain parochial
CzhXx-rHdqM-00944-00210935-00211167 features of their native languages
CzhXx-rHdqM-00945-00211167-00211334 chomsky based his argument on
CzhXx-rHdqM-00946-00211335-00211519 observations about human language
CzhXx-rHdqM-00947-00211519-00211679 acquisition noting that there is an
CzhXx-rHdqM-00948-00211680-00211863 enormous gap between the linguistic
CzhXx-rHdqM-00949-00211864-00212079 stimuli to which children are exposed
CzhXx-rHdqM-00950-00212080-00212246 and the rich linguistic knowledge they
CzhXx-rHdqM-00951-00212248-00212558 attain c poverty of the stimulus
CzhXx-rHdqM-00952-00212559-00212791 argument for example although children
CzhXx-rHdqM-00953-00212792-00213023 are exposed to only a finite subset of
CzhXx-rHdqM-00954-00213023-00213215 the allowable syntactic variants within
CzhXx-rHdqM-00955-00213216-00213375 their first language they somehow
CzhXx-rHdqM-00956-00213376-00213575 acquire the ability to understand and
CzhXx-rHdqM-00957-00213576-00213791 produce an infinite number of sentences
CzhXx-rHdqM-00958-00213792-00213958 including ones which have never before
CzhXx-rHdqM-00959-00213959-00214087 been uttered
CzhXx-rHdqM-00960-00214088-00214303 to explain this chomsky reasoned that
CzhXx-rHdqM-00961-00214304-00214582 the primary linguistic data pld must be
CzhXx-rHdqM-00962-00214583-00214758 supplemented by an innate linguistic
CzhXx-rHdqM-00963-00214759-00214894 capacity
CzhXx-rHdqM-00964-00214896-00215079 furthermore while a human baby and a
CzhXx-rHdqM-00965-00215080-00215263 kitten are both capable of inductive
CzhXx-rHdqM-00966-00215264-00215479 reasoning if they are exposed to exactly
CzhXx-rHdqM-00967-00215480-00215687 the same linguistic data the human will
CzhXx-rHdqM-00968-00215688-00215903 always acquire the ability to understand
CzhXx-rHdqM-00969-00215904-00216079 and produce language while the kitten
CzhXx-rHdqM-00970-00216080-00216319 will never acquire either ability
CzhXx-rHdqM-00971-00216319-00216503 chomsky labelled whatever relevant
CzhXx-rHdqM-00972-00216504-00216703 capacity the human has that the cat
CzhXx-rHdqM-00973-00216704-00216910 lacks as the language acquisition device
CzhXx-rHdqM-00974-00216911-00217103 lad and he suggested that one of the
CzhXx-rHdqM-00975-00217104-00217271 tasks for linguistics should be to
CzhXx-rHdqM-00976-00217271-00217415 determine what the latter's and what
CzhXx-rHdqM-00977-00217416-00217606 constraints it imposes on the range of
CzhXx-rHdqM-00978-00217607-00217815 possible human languages
CzhXx-rHdqM-00979-00217816-00218015 the universal features that would result
CzhXx-rHdqM-00980-00218016-00218215 from these constraints constitute
CzhXx-rHdqM-00981-00218216-00218782 universal grammar
CzhXx-rHdqM-00982-00218783-00219319 transformational generative grammar
CzhXx-rHdqM-00983-00219319-00219510 beginning with his syntactic structures
CzhXx-rHdqM-00984-00219511-00219798 1957 a distillation of his logical
CzhXx-rHdqM-00985-00219800-00220087 structure of linguistic theory 1955
CzhXx-rHdqM-00986-00220088-00220246 chomsky challenges structural
CzhXx-rHdqM-00987-00220248-00220398 linguistics and introduces
CzhXx-rHdqM-00988-00220400-00220598 transformational grammar chomsky's
CzhXx-rHdqM-00989-00220600-00220806 theory posits that language consists of
CzhXx-rHdqM-00990-00220807-00220967 both deep structures and surface
CzhXx-rHdqM-00991-00220967-00221103 structures
CzhXx-rHdqM-00992-00221104-00221287 surface structure faces out and is
CzhXx-rHdqM-00993-00221288-00221494 represented by spoken utterances while
CzhXx-rHdqM-00994-00221496-00221671 deep structure faces inward and
CzhXx-rHdqM-00995-00221671-00221855 expresses the underlying relations
CzhXx-rHdqM-00996-00221856-00222119 between words and conceptual meaning
CzhXx-rHdqM-00997-00222119-00222334 transformational grammar is a generative
CzhXx-rHdqM-00998-00222335-00222551 grammar which dictates that the syntax
CzhXx-rHdqM-00999-00222552-00222751 or word order of surface structures
CzhXx-rHdqM-01000-00222752-00222919 adheres to certain principles and
CzhXx-rHdqM-01001-00222919-00223127 parameters that consists of a limited
CzhXx-rHdqM-01002-00223128-00223294 series of rules expressed in
CzhXx-rHdqM-01003-00223296-00223519 mathematical notation which transform
CzhXx-rHdqM-01004-00223519-00223727 deep structures into well-formed surface
CzhXx-rHdqM-01005-00223728-00223855 structures
CzhXx-rHdqM-01006-00223856-00224031 the transformational grammar thus
CzhXx-rHdqM-01007-00224032-00224487 relates meaning and sound
CzhXx-rHdqM-01008-00224488-00225031 topic chomsky hierarchy
CzhXx-rHdqM-01009-00225032-00225271 the chomsky hierarchy sometimes referred
CzhXx-rHdqM-01010-00225271-00225439 to as the chomsky schutzenberger
CzhXx-rHdqM-01011-00225440-00225679 hierarchy is a containment hierarchy of
CzhXx-rHdqM-01012-00225680-00225894 classes of formal grammars
CzhXx-rHdqM-01013-00225896-00226103 the hierarchy imposes a logical
CzhXx-rHdqM-01014-00226104-00226279 structure across different language
CzhXx-rHdqM-01015-00226280-00226463 classes and provides a basis for
CzhXx-rHdqM-01016-00226464-00226639 understanding the relationship between
CzhXx-rHdqM-01017-00226640-00226839 grammars devices that enumerate the
CzhXx-rHdqM-01018-00226840-00227094 valid sentences within languages
CzhXx-rHdqM-01019-00227096-00227310 in order of increasing expressive power
CzhXx-rHdqM-01020-00227311-00227575 it includes regular or type 3 grammars
CzhXx-rHdqM-01021-00227576-00227810 context-free or type 2 grammars
CzhXx-rHdqM-01022-00227811-00228071 context-sensitive or type 1 grammars and
CzhXx-rHdqM-01023-00228071-00228294 recursively enumerable or type 0
CzhXx-rHdqM-01024-00228296-00228591 grammars each class is a strict subset
CzhXx-rHdqM-01025-00228592-00228767 of the class above it i.e each
CzhXx-rHdqM-01026-00228767-00228975 successive class can generate a broader
CzhXx-rHdqM-01027-00228976-00229206 set of formal languages infinite sets of
CzhXx-rHdqM-01028-00229207-00229406 strings composed from finite sets of
CzhXx-rHdqM-01029-00229407-00229703 symbols or alphabets than the one below
CzhXx-rHdqM-01030-00229704-00229855 in addition to being important in
CzhXx-rHdqM-01031-00229856-00230094 linguistics the chomsky hierarchy is
CzhXx-rHdqM-01032-00230096-00230303 also relevant in theoretical computer
CzhXx-rHdqM-01033-00230304-00230494 science especially in programming
CzhXx-rHdqM-01034-00230496-00230710 language theory compiler construction
CzhXx-rHdqM-01035-00230711-00231223 and automata theory
CzhXx-rHdqM-01036-00231223-00231679 minimalist program
CzhXx-rHdqM-01037-00231680-00231919 since the 1990s much of chomsky's
CzhXx-rHdqM-01038-00231919-00232094 research has focused on what he calls
CzhXx-rHdqM-01039-00232096-00232327 the minimalist program mp in which he
CzhXx-rHdqM-01040-00232328-00232534 departs from much of his past research
CzhXx-rHdqM-01041-00232535-00232703 and instead attempts to simplify
CzhXx-rHdqM-01042-00232704-00232879 language into a system that relates
CzhXx-rHdqM-01043-00232880-00233046 meaning and sound using the minimum
CzhXx-rHdqM-01044-00233048-00233206 possible faculties that could be
CzhXx-rHdqM-01045-00233207-00233382 expected given certain external
CzhXx-rHdqM-01046-00233383-00233551 conditions that are imposed on us
CzhXx-rHdqM-01047-00233552-00233703 independently
CzhXx-rHdqM-01048-00233704-00233942 chomsky dispenses with concepts such as
CzhXx-rHdqM-01049-00233944-00234167 deep structure and surface structure and
CzhXx-rHdqM-01050-00234167-00234327 instead places emphasis on the
CzhXx-rHdqM-01051-00234328-00234503 plasticity of the brain's neural
CzhXx-rHdqM-01052-00234504-00234679 circuits along with which comes an
CzhXx-rHdqM-01053-00234680-00234903 infinite number of concepts or logical
CzhXx-rHdqM-01054-00234904-00235023 forms
CzhXx-rHdqM-01055-00235023-00235223 when exposed to linguistic data the
CzhXx-rHdqM-01056-00235223-00235415 brain of a hearer speaker then proceeds
CzhXx-rHdqM-01057-00235416-00235615 to associate sound and meaning and the
CzhXx-rHdqM-01058-00235616-00235798 rules of grammar that we observe are in
CzhXx-rHdqM-01059-00235800-00236015 fact only the consequences or side
CzhXx-rHdqM-01060-00236016-00236294 effects of the way that language works
CzhXx-rHdqM-01061-00236296-00236494 thus while much of chomsky's prior
CzhXx-rHdqM-01062-00236496-00236663 research has focused on the rules of
CzhXx-rHdqM-01063-00236664-00236831 language he now focuses on the
CzhXx-rHdqM-01064-00236832-00237031 mechanisms that the brain uses to create
CzhXx-rHdqM-01065-00237032-00237519 these rules
CzhXx-rHdqM-01066-00237519-00237991 political views
CzhXx-rHdqM-01067-00237992-00238255 chomsky has built a reputation as a
CzhXx-rHdqM-01068-00238256-00238455 political dissident
CzhXx-rHdqM-01069-00238456-00238671 chomsky's political views have changed
CzhXx-rHdqM-01070-00238671-00238855 little since his childhood when he was
CzhXx-rHdqM-01071-00238856-00239046 influenced by the emphasis on political
CzhXx-rHdqM-01072-00239048-00239239 activism that was ingrained in jewish
CzhXx-rHdqM-01073-00239240-00239423 working-class tradition
CzhXx-rHdqM-01074-00239423-00239610 he usually identifies as an
CzhXx-rHdqM-01075-00239611-00239815 anarcho-syndicalist or a libertarian
CzhXx-rHdqM-01076-00239816-00240055 socialist he views these positions not
CzhXx-rHdqM-01077-00240056-00240263 as precise political theories but as
CzhXx-rHdqM-01078-00240264-00240430 ideals that he thinks best meet the
CzhXx-rHdqM-01079-00240431-00240663 needs of humans liberty community and
CzhXx-rHdqM-01080-00240664-00240863 freedom of association
CzhXx-rHdqM-01081-00240864-00241063 unlike some other socialists such as
CzhXx-rHdqM-01082-00241064-00241279 those who accept marxism chomsky
CzhXx-rHdqM-01083-00241280-00241479 believes that politics lies outside the
CzhXx-rHdqM-01084-00241480-00241710 remit of science however he still roots
CzhXx-rHdqM-01085-00241711-00241927 his ideas about an ideal society in
CzhXx-rHdqM-01086-00241928-00242175 empirical data and empirically justified
CzhXx-rHdqM-01087-00242176-00242398 theories in chomsky's view the truth
CzhXx-rHdqM-01088-00242400-00242558 about political realities is
CzhXx-rHdqM-01089-00242559-00242767 systematically distorted or suppressed
CzhXx-rHdqM-01090-00242767-00242942 through elite corporate interests who
CzhXx-rHdqM-01091-00242944-00243158 use corporate media advertising and
CzhXx-rHdqM-01092-00243159-00243294 think tanks to promote their own
CzhXx-rHdqM-01093-00243296-00243430 propaganda
CzhXx-rHdqM-01094-00243431-00243591 his work seeks to reveal such
CzhXx-rHdqM-01095-00243592-00243758 manipulations and the truth that they
CzhXx-rHdqM-01096-00243759-00243887 obscure
CzhXx-rHdqM-01097-00243888-00244198 he believes that common sense is all
CzhXx-rHdqM-01098-00244200-00244351 that is required to break through the
CzhXx-rHdqM-01099-00244352-00244567 web of falsehood and see the truth if it
CzhXx-rHdqM-01100-00244567-00244775 common sense is employed using both
CzhXx-rHdqM-01101-00244776-00244927 critical thinking skills and an
CzhXx-rHdqM-01102-00244928-00245127 awareness of the role that self-interest
CzhXx-rHdqM-01103-00245128-00245342 and self-deception plays both on oneself
CzhXx-rHdqM-01104-00245344-00245487 and on others
CzhXx-rHdqM-01105-00245488-00245630 he believes that it is the moral
CzhXx-rHdqM-01106-00245631-00245846 responsibility of intellectuals to tell
CzhXx-rHdqM-01107-00245848-00246015 the truth about the world but claims
CzhXx-rHdqM-01108-00246016-00246206 that few do so because they fear losing
CzhXx-rHdqM-01109-00246207-00246391 prestige and funding
CzhXx-rHdqM-01110-00246392-00246615 he argues that as such an intellectual
CzhXx-rHdqM-01111-00246616-00246806 it is his duty to use his privilege
CzhXx-rHdqM-01112-00246807-00247015 resources and training to aid popular
CzhXx-rHdqM-01113-00247016-00247215 democracy movements in their struggles
CzhXx-rHdqM-01114-00247216-00247406 although he had joined protest marches
CzhXx-rHdqM-01115-00247407-00247591 and organized activist groups he
CzhXx-rHdqM-01116-00247592-00247791 identifies his primarily political
CzhXx-rHdqM-01117-00247792-00247975 outlet as being that of education
CzhXx-rHdqM-01118-00247976-00248158 offering free lessons and lectures to
CzhXx-rHdqM-01119-00248159-00248430 encourage wider political consciousness
CzhXx-rHdqM-01120-00248431-00248615 his political writings have covered a
CzhXx-rHdqM-01121-00248616-00248806 wide range of topics although there are
CzhXx-rHdqM-01122-00248807-00248982 a number of core themes throughout much
CzhXx-rHdqM-01123-00248983-00249110 of his work
CzhXx-rHdqM-01124-00249111-00249319 he is a member of the industrial workers
CzhXx-rHdqM-01125-00249319-00249503 of the world international union and
CzhXx-rHdqM-01126-00249504-00249655 sits on the interim consultative
CzhXx-rHdqM-01127-00249656-00249791 committee of the international
CzhXx-rHdqM-01128-00249792-00250439 organization for a participatory society
CzhXx-rHdqM-01129-00250440-00250975 united states foreign policy
CzhXx-rHdqM-01130-00250976-00251175 chomsky has been a prominent critic of
CzhXx-rHdqM-01131-00251176-00251439 u.s imperialism his published work has
CzhXx-rHdqM-01132-00251440-00251623 focused heavily on criticizing the
CzhXx-rHdqM-01133-00251623-00251839 actions of the united states such as the
CzhXx-rHdqM-01134-00251840-00252063 u.s backed state terror campaign against
CzhXx-rHdqM-01135-00252064-00252230 left-wing dissidents across latin
CzhXx-rHdqM-01136-00252231-00252510 america known as operation condor
CzhXx-rHdqM-01137-00252511-00252687 chomsky believes that the basic
CzhXx-rHdqM-01138-00252688-00252871 principle of the foreign policy of the
CzhXx-rHdqM-01139-00252871-00253103 united states is the establishment of
CzhXx-rHdqM-01140-00253104-00253391 open societies that are economically and
CzhXx-rHdqM-01141-00253392-00253582 politically controlled by the u.s and
CzhXx-rHdqM-01142-00253583-00253879 where u.s based businesses can prosper
CzhXx-rHdqM-01143-00253880-00254087 he argues that the u.s seeks to suppress
CzhXx-rHdqM-01144-00254088-00254246 any movements within these countries
CzhXx-rHdqM-01145-00254248-00254398 that are not compliant with u.s
CzhXx-rHdqM-01146-00254400-00254591 interests and ensure that u.s friendly
CzhXx-rHdqM-01147-00254592-00254815 governments are placed in power
CzhXx-rHdqM-01148-00254816-00254991 when discussing current events he
CzhXx-rHdqM-01149-00254992-00255182 emphasizes their place within a wider
CzhXx-rHdqM-01150-00255183-00255406 historical perspective
CzhXx-rHdqM-01151-00255407-00255591 he believes that official sanctioned
CzhXx-rHdqM-01152-00255592-00255798 historical accounts of u.s and british
CzhXx-rHdqM-01153-00255800-00255967 imperialism have consistently
CzhXx-rHdqM-01154-00255967-00256151 whitewashed these nations actions in
CzhXx-rHdqM-01155-00256152-00256294 order to present them as having
CzhXx-rHdqM-01156-00256296-00256471 benevolent motives in either spreading
CzhXx-rHdqM-01157-00256471-00256694 democracy or in older instances
CzhXx-rHdqM-01158-00256696-00256910 spreading christianity criticizing these
CzhXx-rHdqM-01159-00256911-00257134 accounts he seeks to correct them
CzhXx-rHdqM-01160-00257135-00257334 prominent examples that he regularly
CzhXx-rHdqM-01161-00257335-00257503 cites are the actions of the british
CzhXx-rHdqM-01162-00257504-00257710 empire in india and africa and the
CzhXx-rHdqM-01163-00257711-00257903 actions of the u.s in vietnam the
CzhXx-rHdqM-01164-00257904-00258127 philippines latin america and the middle
CzhXx-rHdqM-01165-00258128-00258351 east chomsky explains his decision to
CzhXx-rHdqM-01166-00258352-00258582 focus on criticizing the u.s over other
CzhXx-rHdqM-01167-00258583-00258758 countries as being because during his
CzhXx-rHdqM-01168-00258759-00258982 lifetime the country has militarily and
CzhXx-rHdqM-01169-00258983-00259167 economically dominated the world and
CzhXx-rHdqM-01170-00259167-00259382 because its liberal democratic electoral
CzhXx-rHdqM-01171-00259383-00259591 system allows for the citizenry to exert
CzhXx-rHdqM-01172-00259592-00259839 an influence on government policy
CzhXx-rHdqM-01173-00259840-00260039 his hope is that by spreading awareness
CzhXx-rHdqM-01174-00260040-00260255 of the negative impact that imperialism
CzhXx-rHdqM-01175-00260256-00260471 has on the populations affected by it he
CzhXx-rHdqM-01176-00260471-00260671 can sway the population of the u.s and
CzhXx-rHdqM-01177-00260671-00260863 other countries into opposing government
CzhXx-rHdqM-01178-00260864-00261046 policies that are imperialist in their
CzhXx-rHdqM-01179-00261048-00261158 nature
CzhXx-rHdqM-01180-00261159-00261334 he urges people to criticize the
CzhXx-rHdqM-01181-00261335-00261567 motivations decisions and actions of
CzhXx-rHdqM-01182-00261567-00261703 their governments to accept
CzhXx-rHdqM-01183-00261704-00261894 responsibility for one's own thoughts
CzhXx-rHdqM-01184-00261896-00262071 and actions and to apply the same
CzhXx-rHdqM-01185-00262071-00262239 standards to others as one would apply
CzhXx-rHdqM-01186-00262240-00262479 to oneself he has been critical of u.s
CzhXx-rHdqM-01187-00262480-00262663 involvement in the israel-palestine
CzhXx-rHdqM-01188-00262664-00262815 conflict arguing that it has
CzhXx-rHdqM-01189-00262816-00262958 consistently blocked a peaceful
CzhXx-rHdqM-01190-00262959-00263079 settlement
CzhXx-rHdqM-01191-00263080-00263271 chomsky has long endorsed the left
CzhXx-rHdqM-01192-00263272-00263495 bi-nationalist program seeking to create
CzhXx-rHdqM-01193-00263496-00263695 a democratic state in the levant that is
CzhXx-rHdqM-01194-00263696-00263927 home to both jews and arabs
CzhXx-rHdqM-01195-00263928-00264151 however acknowledging the real politique
CzhXx-rHdqM-01196-00264152-00264358 of the situation chomsky has also
CzhXx-rHdqM-01197-00264359-00264558 considered a two-state solution on the
CzhXx-rHdqM-01198-00264559-00264758 condition that both nation-states exist
CzhXx-rHdqM-01199-00264759-00264927 on equal terms
CzhXx-rHdqM-01200-00264928-00265167 as a result of his criticisms of israel
CzhXx-rHdqM-01201-00265168-00265367 chomsky was barred from entering israel
CzhXx-rHdqM-01202-00265368-00265847 in 2010
CzhXx-rHdqM-01203-00265848-00266343 capitalism and socialism
CzhXx-rHdqM-01204-00266344-00266575 in his youth chomsky developed a dislike
CzhXx-rHdqM-01205-00266576-00266782 of capitalism and the selfish pursuit of
CzhXx-rHdqM-01206-00266783-00266975 material advancement
CzhXx-rHdqM-01207-00266976-00267191 at the same time he developed a disdain
CzhXx-rHdqM-01208-00267192-00267358 for the authoritarian attempts to
CzhXx-rHdqM-01209-00267359-00267567 establish a socialist society as
CzhXx-rHdqM-01210-00267568-00267758 represented by the marxist-leninist
CzhXx-rHdqM-01211-00267759-00267991 policies of the soviet union
CzhXx-rHdqM-01212-00267992-00268167 rather than accepting the common view
CzhXx-rHdqM-01213-00268168-00268343 among american economists that a
CzhXx-rHdqM-01214-00268344-00268551 spectrum exists between total state
CzhXx-rHdqM-01215-00268552-00268767 ownership of the economy on the one hand
CzhXx-rHdqM-01216-00268768-00268958 and total private ownership on the other
CzhXx-rHdqM-01217-00268959-00269158 he instead suggests that a spectrum
CzhXx-rHdqM-01218-00269159-00269327 should be understood between total
CzhXx-rHdqM-01219-00269328-00269543 democratic control of the economy on the
CzhXx-rHdqM-01220-00269544-00269775 one hand and total autocratic control
CzhXx-rHdqM-01221-00269776-00270030 whether state or private on the other
CzhXx-rHdqM-01222-00270031-00270223 he argues that western capitalist
CzhXx-rHdqM-01223-00270224-00270406 nations are not really democratic
CzhXx-rHdqM-01224-00270407-00270630 because in his view a truly democratic
CzhXx-rHdqM-01225-00270631-00270847 society is one in which all persons have
CzhXx-rHdqM-01226-00270848-00271119 a say in public economic policy
CzhXx-rHdqM-01227-00271120-00271319 he has stated his opposition to ruling
CzhXx-rHdqM-01228-00271320-00271519 elites among them institutions like the
CzhXx-rHdqM-01229-00271520-00271863 imf world bank and ghat chomsky
CzhXx-rHdqM-01230-00271864-00272134 highlights that since the 1970s the u.s
CzhXx-rHdqM-01231-00272135-00272334 has become increasingly economically
CzhXx-rHdqM-01232-00272335-00272527 unequal as a result of the repeal of
CzhXx-rHdqM-01233-00272528-00272719 various financial regulations and the
CzhXx-rHdqM-01234-00272720-00272863 rescinding of the bretton woods
CzhXx-rHdqM-01235-00272864-00273087 financial control agreements
CzhXx-rHdqM-01236-00273088-00273382 he characterizes the u.s as a de facto
CzhXx-rHdqM-01237-00273383-00273551 one party state viewing both the
CzhXx-rHdqM-01238-00273552-00273791 republican party and democratic party as
CzhXx-rHdqM-01239-00273792-00274030 manifestations of a single business
CzhXx-rHdqM-01240-00274031-00274127 party
CzhXx-rHdqM-01241-00274128-00274334 controlled by corporate and financial
CzhXx-rHdqM-01242-00274335-00274591 interests chomsky highlights that within
CzhXx-rHdqM-01243-00274592-00274823 western capitalist liberal democracies
CzhXx-rHdqM-01244-00274824-00275039 at least 80 percent of the population
CzhXx-rHdqM-01245-00275040-00275271 has no control over economic decisions
CzhXx-rHdqM-01246-00275272-00275430 which are instead in the hands of a
CzhXx-rHdqM-01247-00275431-00275599 management class and ultimately
CzhXx-rHdqM-01248-00275600-00275791 controlled by a small wealthy elite
CzhXx-rHdqM-01249-00275792-00275975 noting that this economic system is
CzhXx-rHdqM-01250-00275976-00276134 firmly entrenched and difficult to
CzhXx-rHdqM-01251-00276135-00276327 overthrow he believes that change is
CzhXx-rHdqM-01252-00276328-00276463 possible through the organized
CzhXx-rHdqM-01253-00276464-00276679 cooperation of large numbers of people
CzhXx-rHdqM-01254-00276680-00276855 who understand the problem and know how
CzhXx-rHdqM-01255-00276856-00277055 they want to reorganize the economy in a
CzhXx-rHdqM-01256-00277056-00277223 more equitable way
CzhXx-rHdqM-01257-00277224-00277391 although acknowledging that corporate
CzhXx-rHdqM-01258-00277392-00277582 domination of media and government
CzhXx-rHdqM-01259-00277583-00277782 stifle any significant change to this
CzhXx-rHdqM-01260-00277783-00277999 system he sees reason for optimism
CzhXx-rHdqM-01261-00278000-00278191 citing the historical examples of the
CzhXx-rHdqM-01262-00278192-00278415 social rejection of slavery is immoral
CzhXx-rHdqM-01263-00278416-00278606 the advances in women's rights and the
CzhXx-rHdqM-01264-00278607-00278775 forcing of government to justify
CzhXx-rHdqM-01265-00278776-00278958 invasions to illustrate how change is
CzhXx-rHdqM-01266-00278959-00279079 possible
CzhXx-rHdqM-01267-00279080-00279303 he views violent revolution to overthrow
CzhXx-rHdqM-01268-00279304-00279479 a government as a last resort to be
CzhXx-rHdqM-01269-00279480-00279703 avoided if possible citing the example
CzhXx-rHdqM-01270-00279704-00279887 of historical revolutions where the
CzhXx-rHdqM-01271-00279888-00280103 population's welfare has worsened as a
CzhXx-rHdqM-01272-00280104-00280303 result of the upheaval chomsky deems
CzhXx-rHdqM-01273-00280304-00280475 libertarian socialist and
CzhXx-rHdqM-01274-00280476-00280663 anarcho-syndicalist ideas to be the
CzhXx-rHdqM-01275-00280664-00280839 inheritors of the classical liberal
CzhXx-rHdqM-01276-00280840-00281015 ideas of the age of enlightenment
CzhXx-rHdqM-01277-00281016-00281215 arguing that his ideological position
CzhXx-rHdqM-01278-00281216-00281399 revolves around nourishing the
CzhXx-rHdqM-01279-00281400-00281623 libertarian and creative character of
CzhXx-rHdqM-01280-00281624-00281871 the human being
CzhXx-rHdqM-01281-00281872-00282079 he envisions an anarcho-syndicalist
CzhXx-rHdqM-01282-00282080-00282279 future in which there is direct worker
CzhXx-rHdqM-01283-00282280-00282471 control of the means of production with
CzhXx-rHdqM-01284-00282472-00282703 society governed by workers councils who
CzhXx-rHdqM-01285-00282704-00282871 would select representatives to meet
CzhXx-rHdqM-01286-00282872-00283103 together at general assemblies
CzhXx-rHdqM-01287-00283104-00283263 in this he believes that there will be
CzhXx-rHdqM-01288-00283264-00283495 no need for political parties
CzhXx-rHdqM-01289-00283496-00283703 by controlling their productive life he
CzhXx-rHdqM-01290-00283704-00283895 believes that individuals can gain job
CzhXx-rHdqM-01291-00283896-00284127 satisfaction a sense of fulfillment and
CzhXx-rHdqM-01292-00284128-00284303 purpose to their work
CzhXx-rHdqM-01293-00284304-00284534 he argues that unpleasant and unpopular
CzhXx-rHdqM-01294-00284535-00284734 jobs could be fully automated carried
CzhXx-rHdqM-01295-00284735-00284895 out by workers who are specially
CzhXx-rHdqM-01296-00284896-00285495 remunerated or shared among everyone
CzhXx-rHdqM-01297-00285496-00286006 news media and propaganda
CzhXx-rHdqM-01298-00286007-00286191 chomsky's political writings have
CzhXx-rHdqM-01299-00286192-00286399 largely been focused on the two concepts
CzhXx-rHdqM-01300-00286400-00286647 of ideology and power or the media and
CzhXx-rHdqM-01301-00286648-00286806 state policy
CzhXx-rHdqM-01302-00286807-00287015 one of chomsky's best known works
CzhXx-rHdqM-01303-00287016-00287223 manufacturing consent dissects the
CzhXx-rHdqM-01304-00287224-00287406 media's role in reinforcing and
CzhXx-rHdqM-01305-00287407-00287623 acquiescing to state policies across the
CzhXx-rHdqM-01306-00287624-00287806 political spectrum while marginalizing
CzhXx-rHdqM-01307-00287807-00288006 contrary perspectives
CzhXx-rHdqM-01308-00288007-00288191 chomsky asserts that this version of
CzhXx-rHdqM-01309-00288192-00288415 censorship from government-guided free
CzhXx-rHdqM-01310-00288416-00288519 market
CzhXx-rHdqM-01311-00288520-00288727 forces is more subtle and difficult to
CzhXx-rHdqM-01312-00288728-00288927 undermine than the equivalent propaganda
CzhXx-rHdqM-01313-00288928-00289110 system that was present in the soviet
CzhXx-rHdqM-01314-00289111-00289215 union
CzhXx-rHdqM-01315-00289216-00289430 as he argues the mainstream press is
CzhXx-rHdqM-01316-00289431-00289599 corporate owned and thus reflects
CzhXx-rHdqM-01317-00289600-00289847 corporate priorities and interests
CzhXx-rHdqM-01318-00289848-00289999 although acknowledging that many
CzhXx-rHdqM-01319-00290000-00290191 american journalists are dedicated and
CzhXx-rHdqM-01320-00290192-00290382 well-meaning he argues that the choice
CzhXx-rHdqM-01321-00290383-00290558 of topics and issues featured in the
CzhXx-rHdqM-01322-00290559-00290791 mass media the unquestioned premises on
CzhXx-rHdqM-01323-00290792-00290991 which that coverage rests and the range
CzhXx-rHdqM-01324-00290992-00291175 of opinions that are expressed are all
CzhXx-rHdqM-01325-00291176-00291343 constrained to reinforce the state's
CzhXx-rHdqM-01326-00291344-00291487 ideology
CzhXx-rHdqM-01327-00291488-00291671 he states that although the mass media
CzhXx-rHdqM-01328-00291672-00291887 will criticize individual politicians
CzhXx-rHdqM-01329-00291888-00292054 and political parties it will not
CzhXx-rHdqM-01330-00292055-00292223 undermine the wider state corporate
CzhXx-rHdqM-01331-00292224-00292430 nexus of which it is a part
CzhXx-rHdqM-01332-00292431-00292647 as evidence he highlights that the u.s
CzhXx-rHdqM-01333-00292648-00292871 mass media does not employ any socialist
CzhXx-rHdqM-01334-00292872-00293134 journalists or political commentators
CzhXx-rHdqM-01335-00293135-00293367 he also points to examples of important
CzhXx-rHdqM-01336-00293368-00293543 news stories that have been ignored by
CzhXx-rHdqM-01337-00293544-00293751 u.s mainstream media because reporting
CzhXx-rHdqM-01338-00293752-00294054 on them would reflect badly upon the u.s
CzhXx-rHdqM-01339-00294055-00294263 state for instance it ignored the murder
CzhXx-rHdqM-01340-00294264-00294447 of black panther fred hampton with
CzhXx-rHdqM-01341-00294448-00294687 possible fbi involvement the massacres
CzhXx-rHdqM-01342-00294688-00294895 perpetrated in nicaragua by the u.s
CzhXx-rHdqM-01343-00294896-00295054 funded contras and the constant
CzhXx-rHdqM-01344-00295055-00295223 reporting on israeli deaths while
CzhXx-rHdqM-01345-00295224-00295391 ignoring the far larger number of
CzhXx-rHdqM-01346-00295392-00295558 palestinian deaths in the conflict
CzhXx-rHdqM-01347-00295559-00295799 between those two nations
CzhXx-rHdqM-01348-00295800-00296039 to remedy this situation chomsky calls
CzhXx-rHdqM-01349-00296040-00296263 for grassroots democratic control and
CzhXx-rHdqM-01350-00296264-00296447 involvement of the media chomsky
CzhXx-rHdqM-01351-00296448-00296671 considers most conspiracy theories to be
CzhXx-rHdqM-01352-00296672-00296879 fruitless distracting substitutes to
CzhXx-rHdqM-01353-00296880-00297087 thinking about policy formation in an
CzhXx-rHdqM-01354-00297088-00297287 institutional framework where individual
CzhXx-rHdqM-01355-00297288-00297495 manipulation is secondary to broader
CzhXx-rHdqM-01356-00297496-00297671 social imperatives
CzhXx-rHdqM-01357-00297672-00297887 he does not dismiss conspiracy theories
CzhXx-rHdqM-01358-00297888-00298047 outright but he does consider them
CzhXx-rHdqM-01359-00298048-00298247 unproductive to challenging power in a
CzhXx-rHdqM-01360-00298248-00298439 substantial way
CzhXx-rHdqM-01361-00298440-00298630 in response to the labeling of his own
CzhXx-rHdqM-01362-00298631-00298910 thoughts as conspiracy theory
CzhXx-rHdqM-01363-00298911-00299110 chomsky has replied that it is very
CzhXx-rHdqM-01364-00299111-00299295 rational for the media to manipulate
CzhXx-rHdqM-01365-00299296-00299495 information in order to sell it like any
CzhXx-rHdqM-01366-00299496-00299639 other business
CzhXx-rHdqM-01367-00299640-00299830 he asks whether general motors would be
CzhXx-rHdqM-01368-00299831-00299991 accused of conspiracy if they
CzhXx-rHdqM-01369-00299992-00300143 deliberately selected what they would
CzhXx-rHdqM-01370-00300144-00301082 use or discard to sell their product
CzhXx-rHdqM-01371-00301083-00301367 philosophy chomsky has also been active
CzhXx-rHdqM-01372-00301368-00301567 in a number of philosophical fields
CzhXx-rHdqM-01373-00301568-00301751 including the philosophy of mind the
CzhXx-rHdqM-01374-00301752-00301903 philosophy of language and the
CzhXx-rHdqM-01375-00301904-00302103 philosophy of science
CzhXx-rHdqM-01376-00302104-00302271 in these fields he has been highly
CzhXx-rHdqM-01377-00302272-00302487 critical of many other philosophers in
CzhXx-rHdqM-01378-00302488-00302671 particular those operating within the
CzhXx-rHdqM-01379-00302672-00303167 field of cognitive science
CzhXx-rHdqM-01380-00303168-00303695 topic personal life
CzhXx-rHdqM-01381-00303696-00303895 chomsky endeavors to keep his family
CzhXx-rHdqM-01382-00303896-00304071 life linguistic scholarship and
CzhXx-rHdqM-01383-00304072-00304279 political activism strictly separate
CzhXx-rHdqM-01384-00304280-00304487 from one another calling himself
CzhXx-rHdqM-01385-00304488-00304734 scrupulous at keeping my politics out of
CzhXx-rHdqM-01386-00304735-00304887 the classroom
CzhXx-rHdqM-01387-00304888-00305087 an intensely private person he is
CzhXx-rHdqM-01388-00305088-00305295 uninterested in appearances and the fame
CzhXx-rHdqM-01389-00305296-00305479 that his work has brought him
CzhXx-rHdqM-01390-00305480-00305703 mcgilvrey suggested that chomsky was
CzhXx-rHdqM-01391-00305704-00305927 never motivated by a desire for fame but
CzhXx-rHdqM-01392-00305928-00306071 that he was impelled to tell what he
CzhXx-rHdqM-01393-00306072-00306254 perceived as the truth and a desire to
CzhXx-rHdqM-01394-00306255-00306454 aid others in doing so
CzhXx-rHdqM-01395-00306455-00306663 he also has little interest in modern
CzhXx-rHdqM-01396-00306664-00306910 art and music he reads four or five
CzhXx-rHdqM-01397-00306911-00307119 newspapers daily in the u.s he
CzhXx-rHdqM-01398-00307120-00307319 subscribes to the boston globe the new
CzhXx-rHdqM-01399-00307320-00307519 york times the wall street journal
CzhXx-rHdqM-01400-00307520-00307695 financial times and the christian
CzhXx-rHdqM-01401-00307696-00307847 science monitor
CzhXx-rHdqM-01402-00307848-00308030 he acknowledges that his income and the
CzhXx-rHdqM-01403-00308031-00308247 financial security that it accords him
CzhXx-rHdqM-01404-00308248-00308415 means that he lives a privileged life
CzhXx-rHdqM-01405-00308416-00308599 compared to the majority of the world's
CzhXx-rHdqM-01406-00308600-00308734 population
CzhXx-rHdqM-01407-00308735-00309039 he characterizes himself as a worker
CzhXx-rHdqM-01408-00309040-00309263 albeit one who uses his intellect as his
CzhXx-rHdqM-01409-00309264-00309447 employable skill despite having been
CzhXx-rHdqM-01410-00309448-00309647 raised jewish chomsky is currently
CzhXx-rHdqM-01411-00309648-00309854 non-religious although he has expressed
CzhXx-rHdqM-01412-00309855-00310047 approval of forms of religion such as
CzhXx-rHdqM-01413-00310048-00310239 liberation theology
CzhXx-rHdqM-01414-00310240-00310567 he is known for his dry laconic wit and
CzhXx-rHdqM-01415-00310568-00310775 for the use of irony in his writings and
CzhXx-rHdqM-01416-00310776-00310982 has attracted controversy for labeling
CzhXx-rHdqM-01417-00310983-00311175 established political and academic
CzhXx-rHdqM-01418-00311176-00311479 figures with terms such as corrupt
CzhXx-rHdqM-01419-00311480-00311791 fascist and fraudulent
CzhXx-rHdqM-01420-00311792-00311999 chomsky's colleague stephen pinker has
CzhXx-rHdqM-01421-00312000-00312215 said that he portrays people who
CzhXx-rHdqM-01422-00312216-00312430 disagree with him as stupid or evil
CzhXx-rHdqM-01423-00312431-00312734 using withering scorn in his rhetoric
CzhXx-rHdqM-01424-00312735-00312927 and that this contributes to the extreme
CzhXx-rHdqM-01425-00312928-00313103 reactions that he generates from his
CzhXx-rHdqM-01426-00313104-00313223 critics
CzhXx-rHdqM-01427-00313224-00313430 chomsky avoids attending academic
CzhXx-rHdqM-01428-00313431-00313687 conferences including left-oriented ones
CzhXx-rHdqM-01429-00313688-00313847 such as the socialist scholars
CzhXx-rHdqM-01430-00313848-00314006 conference preferring to speak to
CzhXx-rHdqM-01431-00314007-00314206 activist groups or hold university
CzhXx-rHdqM-01432-00314207-00314463 seminars for mass audiences chomsky was
CzhXx-rHdqM-01433-00314464-00314687 married to carol doris schatz chomsky
CzhXx-rHdqM-01434-00314688-00315047 from 1949 until her death in 2008.
CzhXx-rHdqM-01435-00315048-00315327 they had three children together aviva b
CzhXx-rHdqM-01436-00315328-00315951 1957 diane b 1960 and harry b 1967
CzhXx-rHdqM-01437-00315952-00316215 in 2014 chomsky married valeria
CzhXx-rHdqM-01438-00316216-00316679 wasserman
CzhXx-rHdqM-01439-00316680-00317182 reception and influence
CzhXx-rHdqM-01440-00317183-00317463 chomsky's legacy is as both a leader in
CzhXx-rHdqM-01441-00317464-00317767 the field of linguistics and a figure of
CzhXx-rHdqM-01442-00317768-00318023 enlightenment and inspiration for
CzhXx-rHdqM-01443-00318024-00318223 political dissenters despite his
CzhXx-rHdqM-01444-00318224-00318423 academic success his political
CzhXx-rHdqM-01445-00318424-00318630 viewpoints and activism have resulted in
CzhXx-rHdqM-01446-00318631-00318815 him being distrusted by the mainstream
CzhXx-rHdqM-01447-00318816-00319023 media apparatus and he is regarded as
CzhXx-rHdqM-01448-00319024-00319206 being on the outer margin of
CzhXx-rHdqM-01449-00319207-00319743 acceptability
CzhXx-rHdqM-01450-00319744-00320175 in academia
CzhXx-rHdqM-01451-00320176-00320391 linguist john lyons remarked that within
CzhXx-rHdqM-01452-00320392-00320615 a few decades of publication chomsky and
CzhXx-rHdqM-01453-00320616-00320887 linguistics had become the most dynamic
CzhXx-rHdqM-01454-00320888-00321054 and influential
CzhXx-rHdqM-01455-00321055-00321263 school of thought in the field by the
CzhXx-rHdqM-01456-00321264-00321558 1970s his work had also come to exert a
CzhXx-rHdqM-01457-00321559-00321758 considerable influence on philosophy
CzhXx-rHdqM-01458-00321759-00321951 while a poll conducted by minnesota
CzhXx-rHdqM-01459-00321952-00322134 state university found syntactic
CzhXx-rHdqM-01460-00322135-00322287 structures to be the single most
CzhXx-rHdqM-01461-00322288-00322479 important work in the field of cognitive
CzhXx-rHdqM-01462-00322480-00322599 science
CzhXx-rHdqM-01463-00322600-00322839 in addition his work in automata theory
CzhXx-rHdqM-01464-00322840-00323039 and the chomsky hierarchy has become
CzhXx-rHdqM-01465-00323040-00323239 well known in computer science and he is
CzhXx-rHdqM-01466-00323240-00323391 much cited within the field of
CzhXx-rHdqM-01467-00323392-00323647 computational linguistics chomsky's work
CzhXx-rHdqM-01468-00323648-00323863 contributed substantially to the decline
CzhXx-rHdqM-01469-00323864-00324095 of behaviorist psychology in addition
CzhXx-rHdqM-01470-00324096-00324254 some arguments in evolutionary
CzhXx-rHdqM-01471-00324255-00324454 psychology are derived from his research
CzhXx-rHdqM-01472-00324455-00324582 results
CzhXx-rHdqM-01473-00324583-00324806 nim chimsky a chimpanzee who was the
CzhXx-rHdqM-01474-00324807-00325015 subject of a study in animal language
CzhXx-rHdqM-01475-00325016-00325239 acquisition at columbia university was
CzhXx-rHdqM-01476-00325240-00325439 named after chomsky in reference to his
CzhXx-rHdqM-01477-00325440-00325615 view of language acquisition as a
CzhXx-rHdqM-01478-00325616-00325910 uniquely human ability the 1984 nobel
CzhXx-rHdqM-01479-00325911-00326071 prize laureate in medicine and
CzhXx-rHdqM-01480-00326072-00326358 physiology niels kai jern used chomsky's
CzhXx-rHdqM-01481-00326359-00326543 generative model to explain the human
CzhXx-rHdqM-01482-00326544-00326799 immune system equating components of a
CzhXx-rHdqM-01483-00326800-00327079 generative grammar
CzhXx-rHdqM-01484-00327080-00327271 with various features of protein
CzhXx-rHdqM-01485-00327272-00327471 structures
CzhXx-rHdqM-01486-00327472-00327671 the title of jern's stockholm nobel
CzhXx-rHdqM-01487-00327672-00327910 lecture was the generative grammar of
CzhXx-rHdqM-01488-00327911-00328103 the immune system
CzhXx-rHdqM-01489-00328104-00328303 his theory of generative grammar has
CzhXx-rHdqM-01490-00328304-00328510 also carried over into music theory and
CzhXx-rHdqM-01491-00328511-00328678 analysis
CzhXx-rHdqM-01492-00328679-00328934 an mit press release found that chomsky
CzhXx-rHdqM-01493-00328935-00329134 was cited within the arts and humanities
CzhXx-rHdqM-01494-00329135-00329375 citation index more often than any other
CzhXx-rHdqM-01495-00329376-00329678 living scholar from 1980 to 1992.
CzhXx-rHdqM-01496-00329679-00329815 despite their respect for his
CzhXx-rHdqM-01497-00329816-00330015 intellectual contribution a number of
CzhXx-rHdqM-01498-00330016-00330182 linguists and philosophers have been
CzhXx-rHdqM-01499-00330183-00330391 very critical of chomsky's approach to
CzhXx-rHdqM-01500-00330392-00330510 language
CzhXx-rHdqM-01501-00330511-00330719 these critics include christina bemm
CzhXx-rHdqM-01502-00330720-00330999 cedric boak margaret bowden rudolf botha
CzhXx-rHdqM-01503-00331000-00331223 vivian evans nicholas evans daniel
CzhXx-rHdqM-01504-00331224-00331463 everett adele goldberg anna kinsella
CzhXx-rHdqM-01505-00331464-00331734 chris knight steven levinson bruce nevin
CzhXx-rHdqM-01506-00331735-00331982 jeffrey k pullum barbara schultz peter
CzhXx-rHdqM-01507-00331983-00332215 surin and michael tomasello chomsky's
CzhXx-rHdqM-01508-00332216-00332415 approach to academic freedom has led him
CzhXx-rHdqM-01509-00332416-00332647 to give support to mit academics whose
CzhXx-rHdqM-01510-00332648-00332830 actions he deplores
CzhXx-rHdqM-01511-00332831-00333127 in 1969 when chomsky heard that walt
CzhXx-rHdqM-01512-00333128-00333358 rostow a major architect of the vietnam
CzhXx-rHdqM-01513-00333359-00333606 war wanted to return to work at mit
CzhXx-rHdqM-01514-00333607-00333910 chomsky threatened to protest publicly
CzhXx-rHdqM-01515-00333911-00334334 if rostow was denied a position at mit
CzhXx-rHdqM-01516-00334335-00334654 then in 1989 when pentagon adviser john
CzhXx-rHdqM-01517-00334655-00334823 deutsch wanted to be the president of
CzhXx-rHdqM-01518-00334824-00335158 mit chomsky supported his candidacy
CzhXx-rHdqM-01519-00335159-00335343 later when deutsche became head of the
CzhXx-rHdqM-01520-00335344-00335623 cia the new york times quoted chomsky as
CzhXx-rHdqM-01521-00335624-00335895 saying he has more honesty and integrity
CzhXx-rHdqM-01522-00335896-00336215 than anyone i've ever met
CzhXx-rHdqM-01523-00336216-00336487 if somebody's got to be running the cia
CzhXx-rHdqM-01524-00336488-00337054 i'm glad it's him
CzhXx-rHdqM-01525-00337055-00337487 in politics
CzhXx-rHdqM-01526-00337488-00337751 chomsky biographer wolfgang b spurlich
CzhXx-rHdqM-01527-00337752-00337958 characterizes the linguist and activist
CzhXx-rHdqM-01528-00337959-00338223 as one of the most notable contemporary
CzhXx-rHdqM-01529-00338224-00338415 champions of the people
CzhXx-rHdqM-01530-00338416-00338615 while journalist john pilger described
CzhXx-rHdqM-01531-00338616-00338878 him as a genuine people's hero an
CzhXx-rHdqM-01532-00338879-00339095 inspiration for struggles all over the
CzhXx-rHdqM-01533-00339096-00339327 world for that basic decency known as
CzhXx-rHdqM-01534-00339328-00339447 freedom
CzhXx-rHdqM-01535-00339448-00339663 to a lot of people in the margins
CzhXx-rHdqM-01536-00339664-00339903 activists and movements he's unfailingly
CzhXx-rHdqM-01537-00339904-00340054 supportive
CzhXx-rHdqM-01538-00340055-00340278 arundhati roy called him one of the
CzhXx-rHdqM-01539-00340279-00340551 greatest most radical public thinkers of
CzhXx-rHdqM-01540-00340552-00340703 our time
CzhXx-rHdqM-01541-00340704-00340934 and edward saeed thought him to be one
CzhXx-rHdqM-01542-00340935-00341151 of the most significant challengers of
CzhXx-rHdqM-01543-00341152-00341423 unjust power and delusions
CzhXx-rHdqM-01544-00341424-00341623 fred halliday stated that by the start
CzhXx-rHdqM-01545-00341624-00341919 of the 21st century chomsky had become a
CzhXx-rHdqM-01546-00341920-00342206 guru for the world's anti-capitalist and
CzhXx-rHdqM-01547-00342207-00342415 anti-imperialist movements the
CzhXx-rHdqM-01548-00342416-00342654 propaganda model of media criticism that
CzhXx-rHdqM-01549-00342655-00342863 he and hermann developed has been widely
CzhXx-rHdqM-01550-00342864-00343087 accepted in radical media critiques and
CzhXx-rHdqM-01551-00343088-00343278 adopted to some level in mainstream
CzhXx-rHdqM-01552-00343279-00343510 criticism of the media also exerting a
CzhXx-rHdqM-01553-00343511-00343703 significant influence on the growth of
CzhXx-rHdqM-01554-00343704-00343919 alternative media including radio
CzhXx-rHdqM-01555-00343920-00344103 publishers and the internet which in
CzhXx-rHdqM-01556-00344104-00344295 turn have helped to disseminate his work
CzhXx-rHdqM-01557-00344296-00344519 however spurlock notes that chomsky has
CzhXx-rHdqM-01558-00344520-00344719 been vilified by corporate interests
CzhXx-rHdqM-01559-00344720-00344982 particularly in the mainstream press
CzhXx-rHdqM-01560-00344983-00345182 university departments devoted to
CzhXx-rHdqM-01561-00345183-00345382 history and political science rarely
CzhXx-rHdqM-01562-00345383-00345543 include chomsky's work on their
CzhXx-rHdqM-01563-00345544-00345799 syllabuses for undergraduate reading
CzhXx-rHdqM-01564-00345800-00345967 critics have argued that despite
CzhXx-rHdqM-01565-00345968-00346143 publishing widely on social and
CzhXx-rHdqM-01566-00346144-00346358 political issues chomsky has no
CzhXx-rHdqM-01567-00346359-00346567 expertise in these areas to this he has
CzhXx-rHdqM-01568-00346568-00346758 responded that such issues are not as
CzhXx-rHdqM-01569-00346759-00347006 complex as many social scientists claim
CzhXx-rHdqM-01570-00347007-00347175 and that almost everyone is able to
CzhXx-rHdqM-01571-00347176-00347351 comprehend them regardless of whether
CzhXx-rHdqM-01572-00347352-00347510 they have been academically trained to
CzhXx-rHdqM-01573-00347511-00347703 do so or not
CzhXx-rHdqM-01574-00347704-00347910 his far-reaching criticisms of u.s
CzhXx-rHdqM-01575-00347911-00348143 foreign policy and the legitimacy of u.s
CzhXx-rHdqM-01576-00348144-00348375 power have raised controversy
CzhXx-rHdqM-01577-00348376-00348567 a document obtained pursuant to a
CzhXx-rHdqM-01578-00348568-00348791 freedom of information act foia request
CzhXx-rHdqM-01579-00348792-00348967 from the u.s government revealed that
CzhXx-rHdqM-01580-00348968-00349223 the central intelligence agency cia
CzhXx-rHdqM-01581-00349224-00349430 monitored chomsky's activities and for
CzhXx-rHdqM-01582-00349431-00349623 years denied doing so
CzhXx-rHdqM-01583-00349624-00349863 the cia also destroyed its files on
CzhXx-rHdqM-01584-00349864-00350087 chomsky at some point in time possibly
CzhXx-rHdqM-01585-00350088-00350310 in violation of federal law
CzhXx-rHdqM-01586-00350311-00350534 he has often received undercover police
CzhXx-rHdqM-01587-00350535-00350758 protection at mit and when speaking on
CzhXx-rHdqM-01588-00350759-00350951 the middle east although he has refused
CzhXx-rHdqM-01589-00350952-00351175 uniformed police protection
CzhXx-rHdqM-01590-00351176-00351382 german newspaper der spiegel described
CzhXx-rHdqM-01591-00351383-00351663 him as the ayatollah of anti-american
CzhXx-rHdqM-01592-00351664-00351767 hatred
CzhXx-rHdqM-01593-00351768-00351958 while conservative commentator david
CzhXx-rHdqM-01594-00351959-00352206 horowitz termed him the most devious the
CzhXx-rHdqM-01595-00352207-00352495 most dishonest and
CzhXx-rHdqM-01596-00352496-00352671 the most treacherous intellect in
CzhXx-rHdqM-01597-00352672-00352839 america
CzhXx-rHdqM-01598-00352840-00353039 one whose work was infused with an
CzhXx-rHdqM-01599-00353040-00353287 anti-american dementia and which
CzhXx-rHdqM-01600-00353288-00353543 evidence is chomsky's pathological
CzhXx-rHdqM-01601-00353544-00353782 hatred of his own country
CzhXx-rHdqM-01602-00353783-00353982 writing in commentary magazine the
CzhXx-rHdqM-01603-00353983-00354230 journalist jonathan k described chomsky
CzhXx-rHdqM-01604-00354231-00354463 as a hard-boiled anti-american
CzhXx-rHdqM-01605-00354464-00354734 monomaniac who simply refuses to believe
CzhXx-rHdqM-01606-00354735-00355078 anything that any american leader says
CzhXx-rHdqM-01607-00355079-00355295 his criticism of israel has led to him
CzhXx-rHdqM-01608-00355296-00355471 being accused of being a traitor to the
CzhXx-rHdqM-01609-00355472-00355710 jewish people and an anti-semite
CzhXx-rHdqM-01610-00355711-00355910 criticizing chomsky's defense of the
CzhXx-rHdqM-01611-00355911-00356087 right of individuals to engage in
CzhXx-rHdqM-01612-00356088-00356278 holocaust denial on the grounds that
CzhXx-rHdqM-01613-00356279-00356478 freedom of speech must be extended to
CzhXx-rHdqM-01614-00356479-00356663 all viewpoints werner cohn accused
CzhXx-rHdqM-01615-00356664-00356895 chomsky of being the most important
CzhXx-rHdqM-01616-00356896-00357151 patron of the neo-nazi movement while
CzhXx-rHdqM-01617-00357152-00357415 the anti-defamation league adl accused
CzhXx-rHdqM-01618-00357416-00357703 him of being a holocaust denier himself
CzhXx-rHdqM-01619-00357704-00357927 the adl had been accused of monitoring
CzhXx-rHdqM-01620-00357928-00358095 chomsky's activities and have
CzhXx-rHdqM-01621-00358096-00358278 characterized him as a dupe of
CzhXx-rHdqM-01622-00358279-00358510 intellectual pride so overweening that
CzhXx-rHdqM-01623-00358511-00358743 he is incapable of making distinctions
CzhXx-rHdqM-01624-00358744-00358991 between totalitarian and democratic
CzhXx-rHdqM-01625-00358992-00359382 societies between oppressors and victims
CzhXx-rHdqM-01626-00359383-00359630 in turn chomsky has claimed that the adl
CzhXx-rHdqM-01627-00359631-00359958 is dominated by stalinist types who
CzhXx-rHdqM-01628-00359959-00360199 oppose democracy in israel alan
CzhXx-rHdqM-01629-00360200-00360439 dershowitz considered chomsky to be a
CzhXx-rHdqM-01630-00360440-00360647 false prophet of the left
CzhXx-rHdqM-01631-00360648-00360863 while chomsky has accused dershowitz of
CzhXx-rHdqM-01632-00360864-00361175 being on a crazed jihad dedicating much
CzhXx-rHdqM-01633-00361176-00361375 of his life to trying to destroy my
CzhXx-rHdqM-01634-00361376-00361558 reputation
CzhXx-rHdqM-01635-00361559-00361791 according to mcgilvery many of chomsky's
CzhXx-rHdqM-01636-00361792-00362047 critics do not bother quoting his work
CzhXx-rHdqM-01637-00362048-00362295 or quote out of context distort and
CzhXx-rHdqM-01638-00362296-00362487 create straw men that cannot be
CzhXx-rHdqM-01639-00362488-00362775 supported by chomsky's text
CzhXx-rHdqM-01640-00362776-00363030 in spring 2017 chomsky taught a
CzhXx-rHdqM-01641-00363031-00363199 short-term politics course at the
CzhXx-rHdqM-01642-00363200-00363727 university of arizona
CzhXx-rHdqM-01643-00363728-00364343 academic achievements awards and honors
CzhXx-rHdqM-01644-00364344-00364647 in 1970 chomsky was named one of the
CzhXx-rHdqM-01645-00364648-00364903 makers of the 20th century
CzhXx-rHdqM-01646-00364904-00365239 by the london times in early 1969 he
CzhXx-rHdqM-01647-00365240-00365415 delivered the john locke lectures at
CzhXx-rHdqM-01648-00365416-00365634 oxford university in january
CzhXx-rHdqM-01649-00365635-00365895 1971 the bertrand russell memorial
CzhXx-rHdqM-01650-00365896-00366103 lecture at the university of cambridge
CzhXx-rHdqM-01651-00366104-00366399 in 1972 the nehru memorial lecture in
CzhXx-rHdqM-01652-00366400-00366710 new delhi in 1975 the wooden lectures at
CzhXx-rHdqM-01653-00366711-00367054 mcmaster university in 1977 the hizinga
CzhXx-rHdqM-01654-00367055-00367351 lecture in leiden in 1978 the woodbridge
CzhXx-rHdqM-01655-00367352-00367678 lectures at columbia university in 1979
CzhXx-rHdqM-01656-00367679-00367910 the kant lectures at stanford university
CzhXx-rHdqM-01657-00367911-00368143 in 1988 the massey lectures at the
CzhXx-rHdqM-01658-00368144-00368471 university of toronto in 1997 the devi
CzhXx-rHdqM-01659-00368472-00368695 memorial lecture on academic freedom in
CzhXx-rHdqM-01660-00368696-00368958 cape town in 2011 the rickman godley
CzhXx-rHdqM-01661-00368959-00369191 lecture at university college london and
CzhXx-rHdqM-01662-00369192-00369382 many others chomsky has received
CzhXx-rHdqM-01663-00369383-00369606 honorary degrees from many colleges and
CzhXx-rHdqM-01664-00369607-00369806 universities around the world including
CzhXx-rHdqM-01665-00369807-00369982 from the following
CzhXx-rHdqM-01666-00369983-00370182 in the united states he is a member of
CzhXx-rHdqM-01667-00370183-00370367 the american academy of arts and
CzhXx-rHdqM-01668-00370368-00370558 sciences the national academy of
CzhXx-rHdqM-01669-00370559-00370775 sciences the linguistic society of
CzhXx-rHdqM-01670-00370776-00370982 america the american philosophical
CzhXx-rHdqM-01671-00370983-00371223 association and the american association
CzhXx-rHdqM-01672-00371224-00371439 for the advancement of science
CzhXx-rHdqM-01673-00371440-00371630 abroad he is a member of the utrecht
CzhXx-rHdqM-01674-00371631-00371830 society of arts and sciences the
CzhXx-rHdqM-01675-00371831-00372015 deutsche academy der natterforsher
CzhXx-rHdqM-01676-00372016-00372239 leppeldina a corresponding fellow of the
CzhXx-rHdqM-01677-00372240-00372447 british academy an honorary member of
CzhXx-rHdqM-01678-00372448-00372671 the british psychological society and a
CzhXx-rHdqM-01679-00372672-00372830 foreign member of the department of
CzhXx-rHdqM-01680-00372831-00373039 social sciences of the serbian academy
CzhXx-rHdqM-01681-00373040-00373239 of sciences and arts
CzhXx-rHdqM-01682-00373240-00373543 in addition he is a recipient of a 1971
CzhXx-rHdqM-01683-00373544-00373839 guggenheim fellowship the 1984 american
CzhXx-rHdqM-01684-00373840-00374054 psychological association award for
CzhXx-rHdqM-01685-00374055-00374215 distinguished contributions to
CzhXx-rHdqM-01686-00374216-00374543 psychology 1988 the kyoto prize in basic
CzhXx-rHdqM-01687-00374544-00374839 sciences the 1996 helmholtz medal the
CzhXx-rHdqM-01688-00374840-00375158 1999 benjamin franklin medal in computer
CzhXx-rHdqM-01689-00375159-00375351 and cognitive science and the dorothy
CzhXx-rHdqM-01690-00375352-00375558 eldridge peacemaker award
CzhXx-rHdqM-01691-00375559-00375743 he is also a two-time winner of the
CzhXx-rHdqM-01692-00375744-00375967 gustavus myers center award receiving
CzhXx-rHdqM-01693-00375968-00376310 the honor in both 1986 and 1988 and the
CzhXx-rHdqM-01694-00376311-00376527 ncte george orwell award for
CzhXx-rHdqM-01695-00376528-00376734 distinguished contribution to honesty
CzhXx-rHdqM-01696-00376735-00376951 and clarity in public language receiving
CzhXx-rHdqM-01697-00376952-00377327 the honor in both 1987 and 1989.
CzhXx-rHdqM-01698-00377328-00377527 he has also received the rabindranath
CzhXx-rHdqM-01699-00377528-00377758 tagore centenary award from the asiatic
CzhXx-rHdqM-01700-00377759-00378054 society in 2004 chomsky received the
CzhXx-rHdqM-01701-00378055-00378287 carl von ossietsky prize from the city
CzhXx-rHdqM-01702-00378288-00378495 of oldenburg germany to acknowledge his
CzhXx-rHdqM-01703-00378496-00378710 body of work as a political analyst and
CzhXx-rHdqM-01704-00378711-00378863 media critic
CzhXx-rHdqM-01705-00378864-00379143 in 2005 chomsky received an honorary
CzhXx-rHdqM-01706-00379144-00379295 fellowship from the literary and
CzhXx-rHdqM-01707-00379296-00379495 historical society
CzhXx-rHdqM-01708-00379496-00379734 in february 2008 he received the
CzhXx-rHdqM-01709-00379735-00379910 president's medal from the literary and
CzhXx-rHdqM-01710-00379911-00380095 debating society of the national
CzhXx-rHdqM-01711-00380096-00380358 university of ireland galway
CzhXx-rHdqM-01712-00380359-00380606 since 2009 he has been an honorary
CzhXx-rHdqM-01713-00380607-00380823 member of international association of
CzhXx-rHdqM-01714-00380824-00380982 professional translators and
CzhXx-rHdqM-01715-00380983-00381327 interpreters iapti in 2010 chomsky
CzhXx-rHdqM-01716-00381328-00381487 received the eric frum prize in
CzhXx-rHdqM-01717-00381488-00381671 stuttgart germany
CzhXx-rHdqM-01718-00381672-00381934 in april 2010 chomsky became the third
CzhXx-rHdqM-01719-00381935-00382127 scholar to receive the university of
CzhXx-rHdqM-01720-00382128-00382375 wisconsin's ae havens centers award for
CzhXx-rHdqM-01721-00382376-00382551 lifetime contribution to critical
CzhXx-rHdqM-01722-00382552-00382710 scholarship
CzhXx-rHdqM-01723-00382711-00382934 chomsky has an erdish number of four
CzhXx-rHdqM-01724-00382935-00383119 chomsky was voted the world's leading
CzhXx-rHdqM-01725-00383120-00383391 public intellectual in the 2005 global
CzhXx-rHdqM-01726-00383392-00383615 intellectuals poll jointly conducted by
CzhXx-rHdqM-01727-00383616-00383823 american magazine foreign policy and
CzhXx-rHdqM-01728-00383824-00384047 british magazine prospect
CzhXx-rHdqM-01729-00384048-00384254 in a list compiled by the magazine new
CzhXx-rHdqM-01730-00384255-00384534 statesman in 2006 he was voted seventh
CzhXx-rHdqM-01731-00384535-00384830 in the list of heroes of our time actor
CzhXx-rHdqM-01732-00384831-00385071 vigo mortensen and avant-garde guitarist
CzhXx-rHdqM-01733-00385072-00385343 buckethead dedicated their 2003 album
CzhXx-rHdqM-01734-00385344-00385623 pandemonium from america to chomsky
CzhXx-rHdqM-01735-00385624-00385982 on january 22nd 2010 a special honorary
CzhXx-rHdqM-01736-00385983-00386206 concert for chomsky was given at kresge
CzhXx-rHdqM-01737-00386207-00386423 auditorium at mit
CzhXx-rHdqM-01738-00386424-00386639 the concert attended by chomsky and
CzhXx-rHdqM-01739-00386640-00386823 dozens of his family and friends
CzhXx-rHdqM-01740-00386824-00387006 featured music composed by edward
CzhXx-rHdqM-01741-00387007-00387223 manukian and speeches by chomsky's
CzhXx-rHdqM-01742-00387224-00387447 colleagues including david pasetsky of
CzhXx-rHdqM-01743-00387448-00387695 mit and genero chierkia head of the
CzhXx-rHdqM-01744-00387696-00387871 linguistics department at harvard
CzhXx-rHdqM-01745-00387872-00388175 university in may 2007 jamia milia
CzhXx-rHdqM-01746-00388176-00388430 islamia a prestigious indian university
CzhXx-rHdqM-01747-00388431-00388630 named one of its complexes after noam
CzhXx-rHdqM-01748-00388631-00388767 chomsky
CzhXx-rHdqM-01749-00388768-00389023 in june 2011 chomsky was awarded the
CzhXx-rHdqM-01750-00389024-00389254 sydney peace prize which cited his
CzhXx-rHdqM-01751-00389255-00389527 unfailing courage critical analysis of
CzhXx-rHdqM-01752-00389528-00389854 power and promotion of human rights
CzhXx-rHdqM-01753-00389855-00390134 also in 2011 chomsky was inducted into
CzhXx-rHdqM-01754-00390135-00390406 ieee intelligent systems ai's hall of
CzhXx-rHdqM-01755-00390407-00390678 fame for significant contributions to
CzhXx-rHdqM-01756-00390679-00391015 the field of ai and intelligent systems
CzhXx-rHdqM-01757-00391016-00391319 in 2013 a newly described species of bee
CzhXx-rHdqM-01758-00391320-00391551 was named after him mega chile chomsky
CzhXx-rHdqM-01759-00391552-00391791 in 2014 he was awarded the neil and
CzhXx-rHdqM-01760-00391792-00391999 sarah smith medal for linguistics by the
CzhXx-rHdqM-01761-00392000-00392223 british academy this medal is awarded
CzhXx-rHdqM-01762-00392224-00392399 for a lifetime achievement in the
CzhXx-rHdqM-01763-00392400-00392663 scholarly study of linguistics
CzhXx-rHdqM-01764-00392664-00392934 in 2016 he was awarded the international
CzhXx-rHdqM-01765-00392935-00393127 courage of conscience award by the peace
CzhXx-rHdqM-01766-00393128-00393415 abbey this award was bestowed at mit for
CzhXx-rHdqM-01767-00393416-00393663 his unrelenting critique of u.s foreign
CzhXx-rHdqM-01768-00393664-00393951 policy capitalism and the globalization
CzhXx-rHdqM-01769-00393952-00394175 of systems and structures of profit and
CzhXx-rHdqM-01770-00394176-00394319 greed
CzhXx-rHdqM-01771-00394320-00394599 in 2017 he was one of three recipients
CzhXx-rHdqM-01772-00394600-00394847 awarded the sean mcbride peace prize for
CzhXx-rHdqM-01773-00394848-00395071 his tireless commitment to peace his
CzhXx-rHdqM-01774-00395072-00395334 strong critiques to u.s foreign policy
CzhXx-rHdqM-01775-00395335-00396015 and his anti-imperialism
CzhXx-rHdqM-01776-00396016-00396639 bibliography and filmography
CzhXx-rHdqM-01777-00396640-00397158 see also
CzhXx-rHdqM-01778-00397159-00397678 references
CzhXx-rHdqM-01779-00397679-00398071 notes
CzhXx-rHdqM-01780-00398072-00398654 topic sources
CzhXx-rHdqM-01781-00398655-00399127 external links
CzhXx-rHdqM-01782-00399128-00399327 official website
CzhXx-rHdqM-01783-00399328-00399567 noam chomsky university of arizona
CzhXx-rHdqM-01784-00399568-00399878 homepage includes classes and events
CzhXx-rHdqM-01785-00399879-00400151 noam chomsky at mit
CzhXx-rHdqM-01786-00400152-00400423 noam chomsky on charlie rose
CzhXx-rHdqM-01787-00400424-00400727 noam chomsky politics or science
CzhXx-rHdqM-01788-00400728-00400999 gnome chomsky knowledge and power all
CzhXx-rHdqM-01789-00401000-00401367 jazeera english october 2015 video 47
CzhXx-rHdqM-01790-00401368-00401575 minutes documentary about the life and
CzhXx-rHdqM-01791-00401576-00401767 work of chomsky
CzhXx-rHdqM-01792-00401768-00402110 appearances on c-span noam chomsky on
CzhXx-rHdqM-01793-00402111-00402287 imdb
CzhXx-rHdqM-01794-00402288-00402558 appearances on democracy now
CzhXx-rHdqM-01795-00402559-00402839 interview with noam chomsky human nature
CzhXx-rHdqM-01796-00402840-00403063 and the origins of language
CzhXx-rHdqM-01797-00403064-00403378 radical anthropology 2008
CzhXx-rHdqM-01798-00403379-00403687 iww interview with noam chomsky worker
CzhXx-rHdqM-01799-00403688-00403887 occupations and the future of radical
CzhXx-rHdqM-01800-00403888-00404006 labor
CzhXx-rHdqM-01801-00404007-00404278 october 9 2009
CzhXx-rHdqM-01802-00404279-00404454 noam chomsky interviewed by alyssa
CzhXx-rHdqM-01803-00404455-00404839 mcdonald on new statesman september 2010
CzhXx-rHdqM-01804-00404840-00405123 the real news interviews with chomsky
CzhXx-rHdqM-01805-00405124-00405382 2007-2010 eleven interviews and june
CzhXx-rHdqM-01806-00405383-00405663 2014 three interviews
CzhXx-rHdqM-01807-00405664-00405895 noam chomsky on where artificial
CzhXx-rHdqM-01808-00405896-00406087 intelligence went wrong
CzhXx-rHdqM-01809-00406088-00406447 interview in the atlantic november 2012
CzhXx-rHdqM-01810-00406448-00406687 noam chomsky a brief history of
CzhXx-rHdqM-01811-00406688-00406823 anarchism
CzhXx-rHdqM-01812-00406824-00407230 in these times january 9 2014
CzhXx-rHdqM-01813-00407231-00407447 american socrates
CzhXx-rHdqM-01814-00407448-00407671 interviewed by chris hedges for truthdig
CzhXx-rHdqM-01815-00407672-00407943 june 15 2014
CzhXx-rHdqM-01816-00407944-00408182 noam chomsky calls u.s world's leading
CzhXx-rHdqM-01817-00408183-00408606 terrorist state rt november 5 2014.
CzhXx-rHdqM-01818-00408607-00408863 the world of r grandchildren
CzhXx-rHdqM-01819-00408864-00409078 jacobin interview with noam chomsky
CzhXx-rHdqM-01820-00409079-00409382 february 13 2015
CzhXx-rHdqM-01821-00409383-00409599 noam chomsky electing the president of
CzhXx-rHdqM-01822-00409600-00409839 an empire abbey martin interview with
CzhXx-rHdqM-01823-00409839-00410214 chomsky october 24 2015
CzhXx-rHdqM-01824-00410215-00410543 libcoms noam chomsky reading guide
CzhXx-rHdqM-01825-00410543-00410726 decoding chomsky science and
CzhXx-rHdqM-01826-00410727-00411039 revolutionary politics by chris knight
CzhXx-rHdqM-01827-00411039-00411255 demonstration at faneuil hall to protest
CzhXx-rHdqM-01828-00411256-00411455 indictment of the barrigan brothers noam
CzhXx-rHdqM-01829-00411456-00411655 chomsky speaking with vern countryman
CzhXx-rHdqM-01830-00411656-00411863 and george wald at left and howard zinn
CzhXx-rHdqM-01831-00411864-00412222 at the far right january 1971 photo jeff
CzhXx-rHdqM-01832-00412223-00412534 albertson photograph collection ph 57
CzhXx-rHdqM-01833-00412535-00412726 special collections and university
CzhXx-rHdqM-01834-00412727-00412951 archives library of the university of
CzhXx-rHdqM-01835-00412952-00413339 massachusetts amherst
C_9_Zy_vDo4-00000-00000062-00000383 coming from finer details I'm here with
C_9_Zy_vDo4-00001-00000384-00000497 rosemary Watkins who is a
C_9_Zy_vDo4-00002-00000498-00000781 psychotherapist I'm going to be
C_9_Zy_vDo4-00003-00000782-00001064 answering some questions that we come up
C_9_Zy_vDo4-00005-00011714-00014247 attraction to
C_9_Zy_vDo4-00007-00024044-00024347 but their personality stayed on whatever
C_9_Zy_vDo4-00008-00024348-00024635 is underneath a big team - that will
C_9_Zy_vDo4-00009-00024636-00024866 determine whether they come back and
C_9_Zy_vDo4-00010-00024867-00025028 sort all that out even if they stay up
C_9_Zy_vDo4-00011-00025029-00025262 to midnight or whether they don't mainly
C_9_Zy_vDo4-00012-00025263-00025388 looking at that they're in for a few
C_9_Zy_vDo4-00013-00025389-00026025 days and then can he just rest
C_9_Zy_vDo4-00014-00026026-00026420 a recent the rest Boyle wedding Springs
C_9_Zy_vDo4-00015-00026420-00026740 to mark where they come deep shoots two
C_9_Zy_vDo4-00016-00026741-00027757 homes in the UK and some people to me
C_9_Zy_vDo4-00017-00027758-00028037 although it was a collection it also was
C_9_Zy_vDo4-00018-00028038-00029629 cluttered so what you'll take on those
C_9_Zy_vDo4-00019-00029630-00030163 people love to collect and I guess they
C_9_Zy_vDo4-00020-00030164-00030437 depending on what attachment they get to
C_9_Zy_vDo4-00021-00030438-00030605 it was like they can feel the connection
C_9_Zy_vDo4-00022-00030606-00030980 to somebody through that and often they
C_9_Zy_vDo4-00023-00030981-00032006 find loss and grief saying I feel close
C_9_Zy_vDo4-00024-00032007-00033020 to so they can really feel that
C_9_Zy_vDo4-00025-00033021-00034143 connections Road
C_9_Zy_vDo4-00026-00034144-00034468 so some people will get an identity or
C_9_Zy_vDo4-00027-00034469-00035968 some source of comfort this tea-caddy of
C_9_Zy_vDo4-00028-00035969-00036676 the Queen and Prince Philip wedding
C_9_Zy_vDo4-00029-00036677-00037177 people do collect things as a sovereign
C_9_Zy_vDo4-00030-00037178-00037777 is taking up space in the house do I
C_9_Zy_vDo4-00031-00037778-00039692 need some freedom to choose and what are
C_9_Zy_vDo4-00032-00039693-00039874 the benefits of tackling emotional
C_9_Zy_vDo4-00033-00039875-00040304 burdens as a therapist I see tremendous
C_9_Zy_vDo4-00034-00040305-00040549 benefits in in tackling emotional
C_9_Zy_vDo4-00036-00047693-00047957 wanting to look at fear of feeling and
C_9_Zy_vDo4-00037-00047958-00048380 feeling because - fearful that if they
C_9_Zy_vDo4-00038-00048381-00049234 go too close to that feeling never stop
C_9_Zy_vDo4-00039-00049235-00049580 so definitely there is potentially
C_9_Zy_vDo4-00040-00049581-00049874 releasing that I'm working with in our
C_9_Zy_vDo4-00041-00049875-00050146 society emotions are there to be felt
C_9_Zy_vDo4-00042-00050147-00050927 experience and we talk to our cognitive
C_9_Zy_vDo4-00043-00050928-00052027 function whose plate or days used to
C_9_Zy_vDo4-00044-00052028-00052295 talk about the emotions that means like
C_9_Zy_vDo4-00045-00052296-00052475 being like two horses on the chariot
C_9_Zy_vDo4-00046-00052476-00053000 where the emotional taming and raining
C_9_Zy_vDo4-00047-00053001-00053570 there is intellectual courage and I
C_9_Zy_vDo4-00048-00053571-00053738 guess today in our society those will
C_9_Zy_vDo4-00049-00053739-00054041 still stand and people fear their
C_9_Zy_vDo4-00050-00054041-00054200 emotions and their feelings into
C_9_Zy_vDo4-00051-00054201-00055091 everything except process
C_9_Zy_vDo4-00052-00055091-00057056 become more integrated thank you for
C_9_Zy_vDo4-00053-00057057-00057666 that some great insights use those
C_pcTK3oxpI-00000-00001903-00004799 is
C_pcTK3oxpI-00002-00009520-00011806 oh
C_pcTK3oxpI-00003-00011807-00013903 so
C_pcTK3oxpI-00004-00013904-00014719 oh
C_pcTK3oxpI-00005-00014719-00015847 so
C_pcTK3oxpI-00006-00015847-00016056 you
C__N1EQzDGo-00000-00000049-00000338 nuclear fuel is material used in nuclear
C__N1EQzDGo-00001-00000339-00000540 power stations to produce heat to power
C__N1EQzDGo-00002-00000541-00000833 turbines heat is created when nuclear
C__N1EQzDGo-00003-00000834-00001140 fuel undergoes nuclear fission most
C__N1EQzDGo-00004-00001141-00001347 nuclear fuels contain heavy fissile
C__N1EQzDGo-00005-00001348-00001533 actinide elements that are capable of
C__N1EQzDGo-00006-00001534-00001706 undergoing and sustaining nuclear
C__N1EQzDGo-00007-00001707-00001982 fission the three most relevant fissile
C__N1EQzDGo-00008-00001983-00002412 isotopes are uranium 233 uranium 235 and
C__N1EQzDGo-00009-00002413-00002825 plutonium 239 when the unstable nuclei
C__N1EQzDGo-00010-00002826-00003014 of these atoms are hit by a slow-moving
C__N1EQzDGo-00011-00003015-00003242 Neutron they split creating two daughter
C__N1EQzDGo-00012-00003243-00003481 nuclei and two or three more neutrons
C__N1EQzDGo-00013-00003482-00003768 these neutrons then go on to split more
C__N1EQzDGo-00014-00003769-00004034 nuclei this creates a self-sustaining
C__N1EQzDGo-00015-00004035-00004224 chain reaction that is controlled in a
C__N1EQzDGo-00016-00004225-00004431 nuclear reactor or uncontrolled in a
C__N1EQzDGo-00017-00004432-00004757 nuclear weapon the processes involved in
C__N1EQzDGo-00018-00004758-00005018 mining refining purifying using and
C__N1EQzDGo-00019-00005019-00005189 disposing of nuclear fuel are
C__N1EQzDGo-00020-00005190-00005363 collectively known as the nuclear fuel
C__N1EQzDGo-00021-00005364-00005679 cycle not all types of nuclear fuels
C__N1EQzDGo-00022-00005680-00005850 create power from nuclear fission
C__N1EQzDGo-00023-00005851-00006134 plutonium 238 and some other elements
C__N1EQzDGo-00024-00006135-00006329 are used to produce small amounts of
C__N1EQzDGo-00025-00006330-00006558 nuclear power by radioactive decay in
C__N1EQzDGo-00026-00006559-00006795 radioisotope thermoelectric generators
C__N1EQzDGo-00027-00006795-00007039 and other types of atomic batteries
C__N1EQzDGo-00028-00007040-00007298 nuclear fuel has the highest energy
C__N1EQzDGo-00029-00007300-00008028 density of all practical fuel sources
C__N1EQzDGo-00030-00008029-00008724 topic oxide fuel for fission reactors
C__N1EQzDGo-00031-00008725-00008959 the fuel typically based on uranium is
C__N1EQzDGo-00032-00008960-00009181 usually based on the metal oxide the
C__N1EQzDGo-00033-00009182-00009366 oxides are used rather than the metals
C__N1EQzDGo-00034-00009367-00009559 themselves because the oxide melting
C__N1EQzDGo-00035-00009560-00009712 point is much higher than that of the
C__N1EQzDGo-00036-00009713-00009906 metal and because it cannot burn being
C__N1EQzDGo-00037-00009907-00010555 already in the oxidized state
C__N1EQzDGo-00038-00010556-00011071 topic uox
C__N1EQzDGo-00039-00011072-00011294 uranium dioxide is a black
C__N1EQzDGo-00040-00011295-00011537 semiconducting solid it can be made by
C__N1EQzDGo-00041-00011538-00011731 reacting your anal nitrate with a base
C__N1EQzDGo-00042-00011732-00011989 ammonia to form a solid ammonium urinate
C__N1EQzDGo-00043-00011990-00012331 it is heated calcite to form you 308
C__N1EQzDGo-00044-00012332-00012514 that can then be converted by heating in
C__N1EQzDGo-00045-00012515-00012785 an argon hydrogen mixture 700 degrees
C__N1EQzDGo-00046-00012786-00013144 Celsius to form you owe to the you o2 is
C__N1EQzDGo-00047-00013145-00013343 then mixed with an organic binder and
C__N1EQzDGo-00048-00013344-00013525 pressed into pellets these pellets are
C__N1EQzDGo-00049-00013526-00013655 then fired at a much higher temperature
C__N1EQzDGo-00050-00013656-00014057 in h2 are to sender the solid the aim is
C__N1EQzDGo-00051-00014058-00014243 to form a dense solid which has few
C__N1EQzDGo-00052-00014244-00014530 pores the thermal conductivity of
C__N1EQzDGo-00053-00014531-00014771 uranium dioxide is very low compared
C__N1EQzDGo-00054-00014772-00014956 with that of zirconium metal and it goes
C__N1EQzDGo-00055-00014957-00015178 down as the temperature goes up
C__N1EQzDGo-00056-00015179-00015472 corrosion of uranium dioxide in water is
C__N1EQzDGo-00057-00015473-00015677 controlled by similar electrochemical
C__N1EQzDGo-00058-00015678-00015896 processes to the galvanic corrosion of a
C__N1EQzDGo-00059-00015897-00016458 metal surface
C__N1EQzDGo-00060-00016459-00016926 topic mocks
C__N1EQzDGo-00061-00016927-00017223 mixed oxide or MOX fuel is a blend of
C__N1EQzDGo-00062-00017224-00017421 plutonium and natural or depleted
C__N1EQzDGo-00063-00017422-00017625 uranium which behaves similarly though
C__N1EQzDGo-00064-00017626-00017793 not identically to the enriched uranium
C__N1EQzDGo-00065-00017794-00018030 feed for which most nuclear reactors
C__N1EQzDGo-00066-00018031-00018318 were designed MOX fuel is an alternative
C__N1EQzDGo-00067-00018319-00018459 to low enriched uranium
C__N1EQzDGo-00068-00018460-00018597 loot fuel used in the light water
C__N1EQzDGo-00069-00018598-00018840 reactors which predominate nuclear power
C__N1EQzDGo-00070-00018841-00019110 generation some concern has been
C__N1EQzDGo-00071-00019111-00019314 expressed that used MOX cores will
C__N1EQzDGo-00072-00019315-00019527 introduce new disposal challenges though
C__N1EQzDGo-00073-00019528-00019710 MOX is itself a means to dispose of
C__N1EQzDGo-00074-00019711-00020021 surplus plutonium by transmutation
C__N1EQzDGo-00075-00020022-00020256 reprocessing of commercial nuclear fuel
C__N1EQzDGo-00076-00020257-00020457 to make MOX was done in the sellafield
C__N1EQzDGo-00077-00020458-00020865 MOX plant England as of 2015 MOX fuel is
C__N1EQzDGo-00078-00020866-00021054 made in France see mark coal nuclear
C__N1EQzDGo-00079-00021055-00021276 site and to a lesser extent in Russia
C__N1EQzDGo-00080-00021277-00021522 see mining and chemical combine India
C__N1EQzDGo-00081-00021523-00021828 and Japan China plans to develop fast
C__N1EQzDGo-00082-00021829-00022166 breeder reactors CC EFR and reprocessing
C__N1EQzDGo-00083-00022167-00022464 the global nuclear energy partnership
C__N1EQzDGo-00084-00022465-00022686 was a u.s. proposal in the George W Bush
C__N1EQzDGo-00085-00022687-00022874 administration to form an international
C__N1EQzDGo-00086-00022875-00023085 partnership to see spent nuclear fuel
C__N1EQzDGo-00087-00023086-00023295 reprocessing a way that renders the
C__N1EQzDGo-00088-00023296-00023517 plutonium in it usable for nuclear fuel
C__N1EQzDGo-00089-00023518-00023829 but not for nuclear weapons reprocessing
C__N1EQzDGo-00090-00023830-00024051 of spent commercial reactor nuclear fuel
C__N1EQzDGo-00091-00024052-00024225 has not been permitted in the United
C__N1EQzDGo-00092-00024226-00024371 States due to non-proliferation
C__N1EQzDGo-00093-00024372-00024618 considerations all of the other
C__N1EQzDGo-00094-00024619-00024807 reprocessing nations have long had
C__N1EQzDGo-00095-00024808-00025023 nuclear weapons from military focused
C__N1EQzDGo-00096-00025024-00025362 research reactor fuels except for Japan
C__N1EQzDGo-00097-00025363-00025578 normally with the fuel being changed
C__N1EQzDGo-00098-00025579-00025791 every three years or so about half of
C__N1EQzDGo-00099-00025792-00026067 the pood 239 is burned in the reactor
C__N1EQzDGo-00100-00026068-00026250 providing about one third of the total
C__N1EQzDGo-00101-00026251-00026645 energy it behaves like u-235 and it's
C__N1EQzDGo-00102-00026647-00026832 efficient releases a similar amount of
C__N1EQzDGo-00103-00026833-00027087 energy the higher the burn up the more
C__N1EQzDGo-00104-00027088-00027273 plutonium in the spent fuel but the
C__N1EQzDGo-00105-00027274-00027491 lower the fraction of fissile plutonium
C__N1EQzDGo-00106-00027492-00027768 typically about 1% of the used fuel
C__N1EQzDGo-00107-00027769-00027983 discharged from a reactor as plutonium
C__N1EQzDGo-00108-00027985-00028188 and some two thirds of this is fissile
C__N1EQzDGo-00109-00028189-00028899 see 50% pou 239 15% pou 241 worldwide
C__N1EQzDGo-00110-00028900-00029169 some 70 tons of plutonium contained in
C__N1EQzDGo-00111-00029170-00029367 used fuel as removed when refueling
C__N1EQzDGo-00112-00029368-00029977 reactors each year
C__N1EQzDGo-00113-00029977-00030501 topic metal fuel
C__N1EQzDGo-00114-00030502-00030740 metal fuels have the advantage of a much
C__N1EQzDGo-00115-00030741-00030942 higher heat conductivity than oxide
C__N1EQzDGo-00116-00030943-00031155 fuels but cannot survive equally high
C__N1EQzDGo-00117-00031156-00031436 temperatures metal fuels have a long
C__N1EQzDGo-00118-00031437-00031620 history of use stretching from the
C__N1EQzDGo-00119-00031620-00031932 Clementine reactor in 1946 to many tests
C__N1EQzDGo-00120-00031933-00032217 and research reactors metal fuels have
C__N1EQzDGo-00121-00032218-00032387 the potential for the highest fissile
C__N1EQzDGo-00122-00032388-00032636 atom density metal fuels are normally
C__N1EQzDGo-00123-00032637-00032823 alloy but some metal fuels have been
C__N1EQzDGo-00124-00032824-00033099 made with pure uranium metal uranium
C__N1EQzDGo-00125-00033100-00033273 alloys that have been used include
C__N1EQzDGo-00126-00033274-00033467 uranium aluminum uranium zirconium
C__N1EQzDGo-00127-00033468-00033764 uranium silicon uranium molybdenum and
C__N1EQzDGo-00128-00033765-00034049 uranium zirconium hydride any of the
C__N1EQzDGo-00129-00034050-00034224 aforementioned fuels can be made with
C__N1EQzDGo-00130-00034225-00034443 plutonium and other actinides as part of
C__N1EQzDGo-00131-00034444-00034755 a closed nuclear fuel cycle metal fuels
C__N1EQzDGo-00132-00034756-00034952 have been used in water reactors and
C__N1EQzDGo-00133-00034953-00035189 liquid metal fast breeder reactors such
C__N1EQzDGo-00134-00035190-00035784 as EBR to
C__N1EQzDGo-00135-00035785-00036291 topic treeger fuel
C__N1EQzDGo-00136-00036292-00036555 treeger fuel is used in treeger training
C__N1EQzDGo-00137-00036556-00036771 research isotopes General Atomics
C__N1EQzDGo-00138-00036772-00037125 reactors the treeger reactor uses use
C__N1EQzDGo-00139-00037126-00037386 erh fuel which has a prompt negative
C__N1EQzDGo-00140-00037387-00037548 fuel temperature coefficient of
C__N1EQzDGo-00141-00037549-00037713 reactivity meaning that as the
C__N1EQzDGo-00142-00037714-00037902 temperature of the core increases the
C__N1EQzDGo-00143-00037903-00038139 reactivity decreases so it is highly
C__N1EQzDGo-00144-00038140-00038427 unlikely for a meltdown to occur most
C__N1EQzDGo-00145-00038428-00038637 cores that use this fuel are high
C__N1EQzDGo-00146-00038638-00038889 leakage cores where the excess leak
C__N1EQzDGo-00147-00038890-00039096 neutrons can be utilized for research
C__N1EQzDGo-00148-00039097-00039315 tree guph Yule was originally designed
C__N1EQzDGo-00149-00039316-00039519 to use highly enriched uranium
C__N1EQzDGo-00150-00039520-00039810 however in 1978 the US Department of
C__N1EQzDGo-00151-00039811-00040008 Energy launched its reduced enrichment
C__N1EQzDGo-00152-00040009-00040230 for research test reactors program which
C__N1EQzDGo-00153-00040231-00040416 promoted reactor conversion to low
C__N1EQzDGo-00154-00040417-00040737 enriched uranium fuel a total of 35
C__N1EQzDGo-00155-00040738-00040929 treeger reactors have been installed at
C__N1EQzDGo-00156-00040930-00041277 locations across the USA a further 35
C__N1EQzDGo-00157-00041278-00041457 reactors have been installed in other
C__N1EQzDGo-00158-00041458-00041965 countries
C__N1EQzDGo-00159-00041966-00042490 topic actinide fuel
C__N1EQzDGo-00160-00042491-00042742 in a fast Neutron reactor the minor
C__N1EQzDGo-00161-00042743-00042980 actinides produced by neutron capture of
C__N1EQzDGo-00162-00042981-00043177 uranium and plutonium can be used as
C__N1EQzDGo-00163-00043178-00043498 fuel metal actinide fuel is typically an
C__N1EQzDGo-00164-00043499-00043768 alloy of zirconium uranium plutonium and
C__N1EQzDGo-00165-00043769-00044005 minor actinides it can be made
C__N1EQzDGo-00166-00044006-00044227 inherently safe as thermal expansion of
C__N1EQzDGo-00167-00044228-00044411 the metal alloy will increase Neutron
C__N1EQzDGo-00168-00044412-00044936 leakage
C__N1EQzDGo-00169-00044937-00045461 topic molten plutonium
C__N1EQzDGo-00170-00045462-00045692 molten plutonium alloyed with other
C__N1EQzDGo-00171-00045693-00045884 metals to lower its melting point and
C__N1EQzDGo-00172-00045885-00046106 encapsulated in tantalum was tested in
C__N1EQzDGo-00173-00046107-00046346 two experimental reactors Lampre I in
C__N1EQzDGo-00174-00046347-00046730 Lampert to Atlanta in the 1960s Lampre
C__N1EQzDGo-00175-00046731-00046940 experienced three separate fuel failures
C__N1EQzDGo-00176-00046941-00047509 during operation
C__N1EQzDGo-00177-00047510-00048262 topic non oxide ceramic fuels ceramic
C__N1EQzDGo-00178-00048263-00048439 fuels other than oxides have the
C__N1EQzDGo-00179-00048440-00048631 advantage of high heat conductivities
C__N1EQzDGo-00180-00048632-00048790 and melting points but they are more
C__N1EQzDGo-00181-00048791-00048997 prone to swelling than oxide fuels and
C__N1EQzDGo-00182-00048998-00049597 are not understood as well
C__N1EQzDGo-00183-00049598-00050143 topic uranium nitride
C__N1EQzDGo-00184-00050144-00050365 this is often the fuel of choice for
C__N1EQzDGo-00185-00050366-00050605 reactor designs that NASA produces one
C__N1EQzDGo-00186-00050606-00050794 advantage is that UN has a better
C__N1EQzDGo-00187-00050795-00051112 thermal conductivity than UO to uranium
C__N1EQzDGo-00188-00051113-00051339 nitride has a very high melting point
C__N1EQzDGo-00189-00051340-00051555 this fuel has the disadvantage that
C__N1EQzDGo-00190-00051557-00051844 unless 15n was used in place of the more
C__N1EQzDGo-00191-00051845-00052116 common 14 n that a large amount of 14c
C__N1EQzDGo-00192-00052117-00052341 would be generated from the nitrogen by
C__N1EQzDGo-00193-00052342-00052680 the NP reaction as the nitrogen required
C__N1EQzDGo-00194-00052682-00052909 for such a fuel would be so expensive it
C__N1EQzDGo-00195-00052910-00053079 is likely that the fuel would have to be
C__N1EQzDGo-00196-00053080-00053316 reprocessed by pyroprocessing to enable
C__N1EQzDGo-00197-00053317-00053592 the 15 end to be recovered it is likely
C__N1EQzDGo-00198-00053594-00053776 that if the fuel was processed and
C__N1EQzDGo-00199-00053777-00053947 dissolved in nitric acid that the
C__N1EQzDGo-00200-00053948-00054157 nitrogen enriched with 15 n would be
C__N1EQzDGo-00201-00054158-00054829 diluted with the common 14 n
C__N1EQzDGo-00202-00054829-00055367 topic uranium carbide
C__N1EQzDGo-00203-00055369-00055563 much of what is known about uranium
C__N1EQzDGo-00204-00055564-00055797 carbide as in the form of pin type fuel
C__N1EQzDGo-00205-00055798-00056019 elements for liquid metal fast reactors
C__N1EQzDGo-00206-00056020-00056187 during their intense study during the
C__N1EQzDGo-00207-00056188-00056610 1960s and 1970s however recently there
C__N1EQzDGo-00208-00056611-00056787 has been a revived interest in uranium
C__N1EQzDGo-00209-00056788-00057017 carbide in the form of plate fuel and
C__N1EQzDGo-00210-00057019-00057264 most notably micro fuel particles such
C__N1EQzDGo-00211-00057265-00057615 as TR ISO particles the high thermal
C__N1EQzDGo-00212-00057616-00057795 conductivity and high melting point
C__N1EQzDGo-00213-00057796-00057999 makes uranium carbide and attractive
C__N1EQzDGo-00214-00058000-00058284 fuel in addition because of the absence
C__N1EQzDGo-00215-00058285-00058488 of oxygen in this fuel during the course
C__N1EQzDGo-00216-00058489-00058728 of irradiation excess gas pressure can
C__N1EQzDGo-00217-00058729-00058944 build from the formation of o2 or other
C__N1EQzDGo-00218-00058945-00059121 gases as well as the ability to
C__N1EQzDGo-00219-00059122-00059346 complement a ceramic coating a ceramic
C__N1EQzDGo-00220-00059347-00059553 ceramic interface has structural and
C__N1EQzDGo-00221-00059554-00059772 chemical advantages uranium carbide
C__N1EQzDGo-00222-00059773-00059966 could be the ideal fuel candidate for
C__N1EQzDGo-00223-00059967-00060191 certain generation IV reactors such as
C__N1EQzDGo-00224-00060192-00060858 the gas cooled fast reactor
C__N1EQzDGo-00225-00060859-00061404 topic liquid fuels
C__N1EQzDGo-00226-00061405-00061603 liquid fuels are liquids containing
C__N1EQzDGo-00227-00061604-00061822 dissolved nuclear fuel and have been
C__N1EQzDGo-00228-00061823-00062002 shown to offer numerous operational
C__N1EQzDGo-00229-00062003-00062227 advantages compared to traditional solid
C__N1EQzDGo-00230-00062228-00062541 fuel approaches liquid fuel reactors
C__N1EQzDGo-00231-00062542-00062773 offer significant safety advantages due
C__N1EQzDGo-00232-00062774-00062928 to their inherently stable
C__N1EQzDGo-00233-00062929-00063238 self-adjusting reactor dynamics this
C__N1EQzDGo-00234-00063239-00063567 provides two major benefits virtually
C__N1EQzDGo-00235-00063569-00063780 eliminating the possibility of a runaway
C__N1EQzDGo-00236-00063782-00064114 reactor meltdown providing an automatic
C__N1EQzDGo-00237-00064115-00064321 load following capability which is well
C__N1EQzDGo-00238-00064322-00064525 suited to electricity generation and
C__N1EQzDGo-00239-00064526-00064690 high-temperature industrial heat
C__N1EQzDGo-00240-00064691-00065014 applications another major advantage of
C__N1EQzDGo-00241-00065015-00065203 the liquid core is its ability to be
C__N1EQzDGo-00242-00065204-00065401 drained rapidly into a passively safe
C__N1EQzDGo-00243-00065402-00065635 dump tank this advantage was
C__N1EQzDGo-00244-00065636-00065860 conclusively demonstrated repeatedly as
C__N1EQzDGo-00245-00065861-00066049 part of a weekly shutdown procedure
C__N1EQzDGo-00246-00066050-00066253 during the highly successful four-year
C__N1EQzDGo-00247-00066254-00066583 molten salt reactor experiment another
C__N1EQzDGo-00248-00066584-00066805 huge advantage of the liquid core is its
C__N1EQzDGo-00249-00066806-00067012 ability to release xenon gas which
C__N1EQzDGo-00250-00067013-00067243 normally acts as a neutron absorber and
C__N1EQzDGo-00251-00067244-00067456 causes structural occlusions in solid
C__N1EQzDGo-00252-00067457-00067624 fuel elements leading to the early
C__N1EQzDGo-00253-00067625-00067849 replacement of solid fuel rods with over
C__N1EQzDGo-00254-00067850-00068083 98% of the nuclear fuel unburned
C__N1EQzDGo-00255-00068084-00068299 including many long-lived actinides
C__N1EQzDGo-00256-00068300-00068680 in contrast molten salt reactors MSR are
C__N1EQzDGo-00257-00068681-00068866 capable of retaining the fuel mixture
C__N1EQzDGo-00258-00068867-00069097 for significantly extended periods which
C__N1EQzDGo-00259-00069098-00069289 not only increases fuel efficiency
C__N1EQzDGo-00260-00069290-00069499 dramatically but also incinerates the
C__N1EQzDGo-00261-00069500-00069706 vast majority of its own waste as part
C__N1EQzDGo-00262-00069707-00069823 of the normal operational
C__N1EQzDGo-00263-00069824-00070391 characteristics
C__N1EQzDGo-00264-00070392-00070912 topic molten salts
C__N1EQzDGo-00265-00070913-00071164 molten-salt fuels have nuclear fuel
C__N1EQzDGo-00266-00071165-00071356 dissolved directly in the molten salt
C__N1EQzDGo-00267-00071357-00071677 coolant molten salt fueled reactors such
C__N1EQzDGo-00268-00071678-00071887 as the liquid fluoride thorium reactor
C__N1EQzDGo-00269-00071888-00072121 lftr are different from molten salt
C__N1EQzDGo-00270-00072122-00072304 cooled reactors that do not dissolve
C__N1EQzDGo-00271-00072305-00072625 nuclear fuel in the coolant molten salt
C__N1EQzDGo-00272-00072626-00072877 fuels were used in the LFTR known as the
C__N1EQzDGo-00273-00072878-00073099 molten salt reactor experiment as well
C__N1EQzDGo-00274-00073100-00073321 as other liquid core reactor experiments
C__N1EQzDGo-00275-00073322-00073573 the liquid fuel for the molten salt
C__N1EQzDGo-00276-00073574-00073753 reactor was a mixture of lithium
C__N1EQzDGo-00277-00073754-00073990 beryllium thorium and uranium fluorides
C__N1EQzDGo-00278-00073991-00074308 leaf beryllium fluoride THF four UF for
C__N1EQzDGo-00279-00074309-00074638 72 to 16 minus 12 to zero point four
C__N1EQzDGo-00280-00074639-00074880 moles percent it had a peak operating
C__N1EQzDGo-00281-00074881-00075202 temperature of 705 degrees Celsius in
C__N1EQzDGo-00282-00075203-00075379 the experiment that could have operated
C__N1EQzDGo-00283-00075380-00075553 at much higher temperatures since the
C__N1EQzDGo-00284-00075554-00075739 boiling point of the molten salt was in
C__N1EQzDGo-00285-00075740-00076501 excess of 1,400 degrees Celsius
C__N1EQzDGo-00286-00076502-00077172 topic aqueous solutions of Uranus salts
C__N1EQzDGo-00287-00077173-00077501 the aqueous homogeneous reactors a hrs
C__N1EQzDGo-00288-00077502-00077721 use a solution of uranus sulfate or
C__N1EQzDGo-00289-00077722-00078023 other uranium salt in water historically
C__N1EQzDGo-00290-00078024-00078257 EHRs have all been small research
C__N1EQzDGo-00291-00078258-00078497 reactors not large power reactors and
C__N1EQzDGo-00292-00078498-00078740 are known as the medical isotope
C__N1EQzDGo-00293-00078741-00078929 production system is being considered
C__N1EQzDGo-00294-00078930-00079628 for production of medical isotopes
C__N1EQzDGo-00295-00079629-00079924 topic common physical forms of nuclear
C__N1EQzDGo-00296-00079925-00080346 fuel
C__N1EQzDGo-00297-00080347-00080667 uranium dioxide UO to powder is
C__N1EQzDGo-00298-00080668-00080853 compacted two cylindrical pellets and
C__N1EQzDGo-00299-00080854-00081036 sintered at high temperatures to produce
C__N1EQzDGo-00300-00081037-00081249 ceramic nuclear fuel pellets with a high
C__N1EQzDGo-00301-00081250-00081432 density and well-defined physical
C__N1EQzDGo-00302-00081433-00081647 properties and chemical composition a
C__N1EQzDGo-00303-00081648-00081897 grinding process is used to achieve a
C__N1EQzDGo-00304-00081898-00082131 uniform cylindrical geometry with narrow
C__N1EQzDGo-00305-00082132-00082422 tolerances such fuel pellets are then
C__N1EQzDGo-00306-00082423-00082578 stacked and filled into the metallic
C__N1EQzDGo-00307-00082579-00082842 tubes the metal used for the tubes
C__N1EQzDGo-00308-00082843-00083069 depends on the design of the reactor
C__N1EQzDGo-00309-00083070-00083346 stainless steel was used in the past but
C__N1EQzDGo-00310-00083347-00083571 most reactors now use a zirconium alloy
C__N1EQzDGo-00311-00083572-00083760 which in addition to being highly
C__N1EQzDGo-00312-00083761-00083958 corrosion resistant has low Neutron
C__N1EQzDGo-00313-00083959-00084225 absorption the tubes containing the fuel
C__N1EQzDGo-00314-00084226-00084396 pellets are sealed these tubes are
C__N1EQzDGo-00315-00084397-00084690 called fuel rods the finished fuel rods
C__N1EQzDGo-00316-00084691-00084858 are grouped into fuel assemblies that
C__N1EQzDGo-00317-00084859-00085041 are used to build up the core of a power
C__N1EQzDGo-00318-00085042-00085344 reactor cladding is the outer layer of
C__N1EQzDGo-00319-00085345-00085545 the fuel rods standing between the
C__N1EQzDGo-00320-00085546-00085806 coolant and the nuclear fuel it is made
C__N1EQzDGo-00321-00085807-00086016 of a corrosion resistant material with
C__N1EQzDGo-00322-00086017-00086226 low absorption cross-section for thermal
C__N1EQzDGo-00323-00086227-00086490 neutrons usually Zircaloy or steel in
C__N1EQzDGo-00324-00086491-00086703 modern constructions or magnesium with
C__N1EQzDGo-00325-00086704-00086874 small amount of aluminium and other
C__N1EQzDGo-00326-00086875-00087063 metals for the now-obsolete Magnox
C__N1EQzDGo-00327-00087064-00087375 reactors cladding prevents radioactive
C__N1EQzDGo-00328-00087376-00087570 fission fragments from escaping the fuel
C__N1EQzDGo-00329-00087571-00088231 into the coolant and contaminating it
C__N1EQzDGo-00330-00088232-00088804 topic PWR fuel
C__N1EQzDGo-00331-00088805-00089113 pressurized water reactor PWR fuel
C__N1EQzDGo-00332-00089114-00089323 consists of cylindrical rods put into
C__N1EQzDGo-00333-00089324-00089638 bundles a uranium oxide ceramic is
C__N1EQzDGo-00334-00089639-00089818 formed into pellets and inserted into
C__N1EQzDGo-00335-00089819-00090021 Zircaloy tubes that are bundled together
C__N1EQzDGo-00336-00090022-00090276 the Zircaloy tubes are about one
C__N1EQzDGo-00337-00090277-00090475 centimeter in diameter and the fuel
C__N1EQzDGo-00338-00090476-00090646 cladding gap is filled with helium gas
C__N1EQzDGo-00339-00090647-00090844 to improve the conduction of heat from
C__N1EQzDGo-00340-00090845-00091106 the fuel to the cladding there are about
C__N1EQzDGo-00341-00091107-00091531 179 to 264 fuel rods per fuel bundle and
C__N1EQzDGo-00342-00091532-00091936 about 121/2 193 fuel bundles are loaded
C__N1EQzDGo-00343-00091937-00092226 into a reactor core generally the fuel
C__N1EQzDGo-00344-00092227-00092485 bundles consist of fuel rods bundled 14
C__N1EQzDGo-00345-00092486-00092988 times 14 to 17 times 17 PWR fuel bundles
C__N1EQzDGo-00346-00092989-00093298 are about 4 meters long in PWR fuel
C__N1EQzDGo-00347-00093299-00093487 bundles control rods are inserted
C__N1EQzDGo-00348-00093488-00093679 through the top directly into the fuel
C__N1EQzDGo-00349-00093680-00093943 bundle the fuel bundles usually are
C__N1EQzDGo-00350-00093944-00094309 enriched several percent in 235u the
C__N1EQzDGo-00351-00094310-00094534 uranium oxide is dried before inserting
C__N1EQzDGo-00352-00094535-00094696 into the tubes to try to eliminate
C__N1EQzDGo-00353-00094697-00094909 moisture in the ceramic fuel that can
C__N1EQzDGo-00354-00094910-00095062 lead to corrosion and hydrogen
C__N1EQzDGo-00355-00095063-00095307 embrittlement the Zircaloy tubes are
C__N1EQzDGo-00356-00095308-00095473 pressurized with helium to try to
C__N1EQzDGo-00357-00095474-00095665 minimize pellet cladding interaction
C__N1EQzDGo-00358-00095666-00095856 which can lead to fuel rod failure over
C__N1EQzDGo-00359-00095857-00096428 long periods
C__N1EQzDGo-00360-00096429-00097004 topic BWR fuel
C__N1EQzDGo-00361-00097005-00097340 in boiling water reactors BWR the fuel
C__N1EQzDGo-00362-00097341-00097597 is similar to PWR fuel except that the
C__N1EQzDGo-00363-00097598-00097879 bundles are canned that is there is a
C__N1EQzDGo-00364-00097880-00098107 thin tube surrounding each bundle this
C__N1EQzDGo-00365-00098108-00098279 is primarily done to prevent local
C__N1EQzDGo-00366-00098280-00098476 density variations from affecting
C__N1EQzDGo-00367-00098477-00098680 neutronics and thermal hydraulics of the
C__N1EQzDGo-00368-00098681-00099053 reactor core in modern BWR fuel bundles
C__N1EQzDGo-00369-00099054-00099406 there are either 91 92 or 96 fuel rods
C__N1EQzDGo-00370-00099407-00099556 per assembly depending on the
C__N1EQzDGo-00371-00099557-00099907 manufacturer arranged between 368
C__N1EQzDGo-00372-00099908-00100121 assemblies for the smallest and 800
C__N1EQzDGo-00373-00100122-00100417 assemblies for the largest us BWR forms
C__N1EQzDGo-00374-00100418-00100774 the reactor core each BWR fuel rod is
C__N1EQzDGo-00375-00100775-00100972 back filled with helium to a pressure of
C__N1EQzDGo-00376-00100973-00101737 about 3 atmospheres 300 kiloPascals
C__N1EQzDGo-00377-00101738-00102337 topic C a and D you fuel
C__N1EQzDGo-00378-00102338-00102631 see a nd you fuel bundles are about 1/2
C__N1EQzDGo-00379-00102632-00102826 meter long and 10 centimeters in
C__N1EQzDGo-00380-00102827-00102901 diameter
C__N1EQzDGo-00381-00102902-00103219 they consist of sintered uo2 pellets in
C__N1EQzDGo-00382-00103220-00103420 zirconium alloy tubes welded to
C__N1EQzDGo-00383-00103421-00103720 zirconium alloy end plates each bundle
C__N1EQzDGo-00384-00103721-00103966 is roughly 20 kilograms and a typical
C__N1EQzDGo-00385-00103967-00104257 core loading is on the order of 4 500 6
C__N1EQzDGo-00386-00104258-00104505 500 bundles depending on the design
C__N1EQzDGo-00387-00104506-00104851 modern types typically have 37 identical
C__N1EQzDGo-00388-00104852-00105058 fuel pins radially arranged about the
C__N1EQzDGo-00389-00105058-00105258 long axis of the bundle but in the past
C__N1EQzDGo-00390-00105259-00105451 several different configurations and
C__N1EQzDGo-00391-00105452-00105759 numbers of pins have been used the canf
C__N1EQzDGo-00392-00105760-00106059 le X bundle has 43 fuel elements with
C__N1EQzDGo-00393-00106060-00106357 two element sizes it is also about 10
C__N1EQzDGo-00394-00106358-00106690 centimeters four inches in diameter 0.5
C__N1EQzDGo-00395-00106691-00106935 meters 20 and long and weighs about 20
C__N1EQzDGo-00396-00106936-00107266 kilograms 44 pounds and replaces the 37
C__N1EQzDGo-00397-00107267-00107518 pin standard bundle it has been designed
C__N1EQzDGo-00398-00107519-00107698 specifically to increase fuel
C__N1EQzDGo-00399-00107699-00107917 performance by utilizing two different
C__N1EQzDGo-00400-00107918-00108247 pin diameters current CA nd you designs
C__N1EQzDGo-00401-00108248-00108459 do not need enriched uranium to achieve
C__N1EQzDGo-00402-00108460-00108658 criticality due to their more efficient
C__N1EQzDGo-00403-00108658-00108778 heavy water moderator
C__N1EQzDGo-00404-00108779-00109018 however some newer concepts call for low
C__N1EQzDGo-00405-00109019-00109198 enrichment to help reduce the size of
C__N1EQzDGo-00406-00109199-00109773 the reactors
C__N1EQzDGo-00407-00109774-00110372 topic les come in fuel forms
C__N1EQzDGo-00408-00110373-00110658 various other nuclear fuel forms find
C__N1EQzDGo-00409-00110658-00110885 use in specific applications but lack
C__N1EQzDGo-00410-00110886-00111129 the widespread use of those found in BW
C__N1EQzDGo-00411-00111130-00111552 RS PWRs and CA nd you power plants many
C__N1EQzDGo-00412-00111553-00111744 of these fuel forms are only found in
C__N1EQzDGo-00413-00111745-00111921 research reactors or have military
C__N1EQzDGo-00414-00111922-00112507 applications
C__N1EQzDGo-00415-00112508-00113033 topic Magnox fuel
C__N1EQzDGo-00416-00113034-00113322 Magnox reactors are pressurized carbon
C__N1EQzDGo-00417-00113323-00113528 dioxide cooled graphite moderated
C__N1EQzDGo-00418-00113529-00113745 reactors using natural uranium ie
C__N1EQzDGo-00419-00113746-00114006 unenriched as fuel and Magnox alloy as
C__N1EQzDGo-00420-00114007-00114266 fuel cladding working pressure varies
C__N1EQzDGo-00421-00114267-00114474 from six point nine to nineteen point
C__N1EQzDGo-00422-00114475-00114657 three five bars for the steel pressure
C__N1EQzDGo-00423-00114658-00114887 vessels and the two reinforced concrete
C__N1EQzDGo-00424-00114888-00115095 designs operated at twenty four point
C__N1EQzDGo-00425-00115096-00115424 eight and twenty seven bars Magnox alloy
C__N1EQzDGo-00426-00115425-00115649 consists mainly of magnesium with small
C__N1EQzDGo-00427-00115650-00115841 amounts of aluminium and other metals
C__N1EQzDGo-00428-00115842-00116051 used in cladding unenriched uranium
C__N1EQzDGo-00429-00116052-00116312 metal fuel with a non oxidizing covering
C__N1EQzDGo-00430-00116313-00116607 to contain fission products Magnox is
C__N1EQzDGo-00431-00116608-00116861 short for magnesium non oxide icing this
C__N1EQzDGo-00432-00116862-00117065 material has the advantage of a low
C__N1EQzDGo-00433-00117066-00117278 Neutron capture cross-section but has
C__N1EQzDGo-00434-00117279-00117590 two major disadvantages it limits the
C__N1EQzDGo-00435-00117591-00117768 maximum temperature and hence the
C__N1EQzDGo-00436-00117769-00118047 thermal efficiency of the plant it
C__N1EQzDGo-00437-00118048-00118259 reacts with water preventing long-term
C__N1EQzDGo-00438-00118260-00118508 storage of spent fuel under water Magnox
C__N1EQzDGo-00439-00118509-00118707 fuel incorporated cooling fins to
C__N1EQzDGo-00440-00118708-00118910 provide maximum heat transfer despite
C__N1EQzDGo-00441-00118911-00119111 low operating temperatures making it
C__N1EQzDGo-00442-00119112-00119375 expensive to produce while the use of
C__N1EQzDGo-00443-00119376-00119583 uranium metal rather than oxide made
C__N1EQzDGo-00444-00119583-00119786 reprocessing more straightforward and
C__N1EQzDGo-00445-00119787-00119987 therefore cheaper the need to reprocess
C__N1EQzDGo-00446-00119988-00120191 fuel a short time after removal from the
C__N1EQzDGo-00447-00120192-00120365 reactor meant that the fission product
C__N1EQzDGo-00448-00120366-00120626 hazard was severe expensive remote
C__N1EQzDGo-00449-00120627-00120824 handling facilities were required to
C__N1EQzDGo-00450-00120825-00121370 address this danger
C__N1EQzDGo-00451-00121371-00121960 topic TR is Oh fuel
C__N1EQzDGo-00452-00121961-00122297 Triss structural isotropic TR iso fuel
C__N1EQzDGo-00453-00122298-00122570 is a type of micro fuel particle it
C__N1EQzDGo-00454-00122571-00122785 consists of a fuel kernel composed of
C__N1EQzDGo-00455-00122786-00123068 uox sometimes you see or you co in the
C__N1EQzDGo-00456-00123069-00123263 center coated with four layers of three
C__N1EQzDGo-00457-00123264-00123569 isotropic materials the four layers are
C__N1EQzDGo-00458-00123570-00123764 a porous buffer layer made of carbon
C__N1EQzDGo-00459-00123765-00123944 followed by a dense inner layer of
C__N1EQzDGo-00460-00123945-00124204 pyrolytic carbon pyc followed by a
C__N1EQzDGo-00461-00124205-00124429 ceramic layer of sic to retain fission
C__N1EQzDGo-00462-00124430-00124640 products at elevated temperatures and to
C__N1EQzDGo-00463-00124641-00124883 give the TR ISO particle more structural
C__N1EQzDGo-00464-00124883-00125069 integrity followed by a dense outer
C__N1EQzDGo-00465-00125070-00125485 layer of py c TR iso fuel particles are
C__N1EQzDGo-00466-00125486-00125635 designed not to crack due to the
C__N1EQzDGo-00467-00125636-00125809 stresses from processes such as
C__N1EQzDGo-00468-00125810-00126029 differential thermal expansion or fish
C__N1EQzDGo-00469-00126030-00126235 and gas pressure at temperatures up to
C__N1EQzDGo-00470-00126236-00126541 and beyond 1600 degrees Celsius and
C__N1EQzDGo-00471-00126542-00126719 therefore can contain the fuel in the
C__N1EQzDGo-00472-00126720-00126896 worst of accident scenarios in a
C__N1EQzDGo-00473-00126897-00127166 properly designed reactor to such
C__N1EQzDGo-00474-00127167-00127349 reactor designs are the pebble bed
C__N1EQzDGo-00475-00127350-00127694 reactor PBR in which thousands of TR ISO
C__N1EQzDGo-00476-00127695-00127885 fuel particles are dispersed into
C__N1EQzDGo-00477-00127886-00128096 graphite pebbles and the prismatic block
C__N1EQzDGo-00478-00128097-00128381 gas-cooled reactor such as the GT MH are
C__N1EQzDGo-00479-00128382-00128648 in which the TR ISO fuel particles are
C__N1EQzDGo-00480-00128649-00128876 fabricated into compacts and placed in a
C__N1EQzDGo-00481-00128877-00129128 graphite block matrix both of these
C__N1EQzDGo-00482-00129129-00129356 reactor designs are high temperature gas
C__N1EQzDGo-00483-00129357-00129758 reactors HT GRS these are also the basic
C__N1EQzDGo-00484-00129758-00129938 reactor designs of very high-temperature
C__N1EQzDGo-00485-00129939-00130238 reactors VHT ARS one of the six classes
C__N1EQzDGo-00486-00130239-00130478 of reactor designs in the generation IV
C__N1EQzDGo-00487-00130479-00130652 initiative that is attempting to reach
C__N1EQzDGo-00488-00130653-00131054 even higher HT gr outlet temperatures TR
C__N1EQzDGo-00489-00131055-00131279 ISO fuel particles were originally
C__N1EQzDGo-00490-00131280-00131474 developed in the United Kingdom as part
C__N1EQzDGo-00491-00131475-00131720 of the Dragon reactor project the
C__N1EQzDGo-00492-00131721-00131882 inclusion of the SiC is diffusion
C__N1EQzDGo-00493-00131883-00132146 barrier was first suggested by DT live
C__N1EQzDGo-00494-00132147-00132464 II the first nuclear reactor to use TR
C__N1EQzDGo-00495-00132465-00132713 is o fuels was the dragon reactor in the
C__N1EQzDGo-00496-00132714-00133006 first power plant was the th TR 300
C__N1EQzDGo-00497-00133007-00133352 currently TR ISO fuel compacts are being
C__N1EQzDGo-00498-00133353-00133565 used in the experimental reactors the
C__N1EQzDGo-00499-00133566-00133799 HTR 10 in China and the high-temperature
C__N1EQzDGo-00500-00133800-00134068 engineering test reactor in Japan
C__N1EQzDGo-00501-00134069-00134351 spherical fuel elements utilizing a TR
C__N1EQzDGo-00502-00134352-00134582 ISO particle with a UO 2 and you see
C__N1EQzDGo-00503-00134583-00134822 solid solution kernel are being used in
C__N1EQzDGo-00504-00134823-00135507 the Z 100 in the United States
C__N1EQzDGo-00505-00135508-00136178 topic qu ADR is o fuel
C__N1EQzDGo-00506-00136179-00136499 in qu ad our ISO particles a burnable
C__N1EQzDGo-00507-00136500-00136772 neutron poison europium oxide or erbium
C__N1EQzDGo-00508-00136773-00136994 oxide or carbide layer surrounds the
C__N1EQzDGo-00509-00136995-00137219 fuel kernel of ordinary tea our ISO
C__N1EQzDGo-00510-00137220-00137426 particles to better manage the excess of
C__N1EQzDGo-00511-00137427-00137699 reactivity if the core is equipped both
C__N1EQzDGo-00512-00137700-00138050 with TR ISO and qu ad our ISO fuels at
C__N1EQzDGo-00513-00138051-00138263 beginning of life neutrons do not reach
C__N1EQzDGo-00514-00138264-00138536 the fuel of the qu ad our ISO particles
C__N1EQzDGo-00515-00138537-00138698 because they are stopped by the burnable
C__N1EQzDGo-00516-00138699-00138989 poison during irradiation the poison
C__N1EQzDGo-00517-00138990-00139175 depletes and more neutrons are able to
C__N1EQzDGo-00518-00139176-00139469 stream into the fuel kernel of qadr ISO
C__N1EQzDGo-00519-00139470-00139673 particles inducing fission reactions
C__N1EQzDGo-00520-00139674-00139934 this mechanism compensates for the
C__N1EQzDGo-00521-00139935-00140120 normal depletion of fissile material
C__N1EQzDGo-00522-00140121-00140375 during fuel burn up in the generalized
C__N1EQzDGo-00523-00140376-00140696 qu ad our ISO fuel concept the poison
C__N1EQzDGo-00524-00140697-00140858 can eventually be mixed with the fuel
C__N1EQzDGo-00525-00140859-00141158 kernel or the outer pyro carbon the qu
C__N1EQzDGo-00526-00141159-00141419 ad our ISO one concept has been
C__N1EQzDGo-00527-00141420-00142114 conceived at Argonne National Laboratory
C__N1EQzDGo-00528-00142115-00142706 topic RBMK fuel
C__N1EQzDGo-00529-00142707-00143034 RBMK reactors fuel was used in Soviet
C__N1EQzDGo-00530-00143035-00143301 designed and built RBMK type reactors
C__N1EQzDGo-00531-00143302-00143595 this is a low enriched uranium oxide
C__N1EQzDGo-00532-00143596-00143898 fuel the fuel elements in an RBMK are
C__N1EQzDGo-00533-00143899-00144096 three metres long each and two of these
C__N1EQzDGo-00534-00144097-00144294 sit back-to-back on each fuel channel
C__N1EQzDGo-00535-00144295-00144585 pressure tube reprocessed uranium from
C__N1EQzDGo-00536-00144586-00144825 Russian vve our reactor spent fuel is
C__N1EQzDGo-00537-00144826-00145182 used to fabricate RBMK fuel following
C__N1EQzDGo-00538-00145183-00145379 the Chernobyl accident the enrichment of
C__N1EQzDGo-00539-00145380-00145638 fuel was changed from 2.0 percent to two
C__N1EQzDGo-00540-00145639-00145829 point four percent to compensate for
C__N1EQzDGo-00541-00145830-00146022 control rod modifications and the
C__N1EQzDGo-00542-00146023-00146688 introduction of additional absorbers
C__N1EQzDGo-00543-00146689-00147183 topic sir mit fuel
C__N1EQzDGo-00544-00147184-00147463 Cermak fuel consists of ceramic fuel
C__N1EQzDGo-00545-00147464-00147745 particles usually uranium oxide embedded
C__N1EQzDGo-00546-00147746-00147982 in a metal matrix it is hypothesized
C__N1EQzDGo-00547-00147983-00148216 that this type of fuel is what is used
C__N1EQzDGo-00548-00148217-00148537 in United States Navy reactors this fuel
C__N1EQzDGo-00549-00148538-00148759 has high heat transport characteristics
C__N1EQzDGo-00550-00148760-00148924 and can withstand a large amount of
C__N1EQzDGo-00551-00148925-00149468 expansion
C__N1EQzDGo-00552-00149469-00149995 topic plate type fuel
C__N1EQzDGo-00553-00149996-00150223 plate type fuel has fallen out of favor
C__N1EQzDGo-00554-00150224-00150484 over the years plate type fuel is
C__N1EQzDGo-00555-00150485-00150652 commonly composed of enriched uranium
C__N1EQzDGo-00556-00150653-00150958 sandwiched between metal cladding plate
C__N1EQzDGo-00557-00150959-00151168 type fuel is used in several research
C__N1EQzDGo-00558-00151169-00151387 reactors where a high Neutron flux is
C__N1EQzDGo-00559-00151388-00151606 desired for uses such as material
C__N1EQzDGo-00560-00151607-00151786 irradiation studies or isotope
C__N1EQzDGo-00561-00151787-00151972 production without the high temperatures
C__N1EQzDGo-00562-00151973-00152266 seen in ceramic cylindrical fuel it is
C__N1EQzDGo-00563-00152267-00152446 currently used in the advanced test
C__N1EQzDGo-00564-00152447-00152716 reactor ATR at Idaho National Laboratory
C__N1EQzDGo-00565-00152717-00152944 and the nuclear research reactor at the
C__N1EQzDGo-00566-00152945-00153139 University of Massachusetts Lowell
C__N1EQzDGo-00567-00153140-00153750 radiation laboratory
C__N1EQzDGo-00568-00153751-00154458 topic sodium bonded fuel sodium bonded
C__N1EQzDGo-00569-00154459-00154668 fuel consists of fuel that has liquid
C__N1EQzDGo-00570-00154669-00154878 sodium in the gap between the fuel slug
C__N1EQzDGo-00571-00154879-00155136 or pellet and the cladding this fuel
C__N1EQzDGo-00572-00155137-00155310 type is often used for sodium-cooled
C__N1EQzDGo-00573-00155311-00155637 liquid metal fast reactors it has been
C__N1EQzDGo-00574-00155638-00156078 used in eBRI EBR ii and the FF TF the
C__N1EQzDGo-00575-00156079-00156357 fuel slug may be metallic or ceramic the
C__N1EQzDGo-00576-00156358-00156534 sodium bonding is used to reduce the
C__N1EQzDGo-00577-00156535-00157170 temperature of the fuel
C__N1EQzDGo-00578-00157171-00157590 topic spent nuclear fuel
C__N1EQzDGo-00579-00157591-00157761 you
C__N1EQzDGo-00580-00157762-00158058 used nuclear fuel as a complex mixture
C__N1EQzDGo-00581-00158059-00158238 of the fission products uranium
C__N1EQzDGo-00582-00158239-00158466 plutonium and the trans platinum metals
C__N1EQzDGo-00583-00158467-00158709 in fuel which has been used at high
C__N1EQzDGo-00584-00158710-00158910 temperature in power reactors it is
C__N1EQzDGo-00585-00158911-00159066 common for the fuel to be heterogeneous
C__N1EQzDGo-00586-00159067-00159246 often the fuel will contain
C__N1EQzDGo-00587-00159247-00159426 nanoparticles of platinum group metals
C__N1EQzDGo-00588-00159427-00159750 such as palladium also the fuel may well
C__N1EQzDGo-00589-00159751-00159929 have cracked swollen and been heated
C__N1EQzDGo-00590-00159930-00160188 close to its melting point despite the
C__N1EQzDGo-00591-00160189-00160371 fact that the used fuel can be cracked
C__N1EQzDGo-00592-00160372-00160599 it is very insoluble in water and is
C__N1EQzDGo-00593-00160600-00160797 able to retain the vast majority of the
C__N1EQzDGo-00594-00160798-00160977 actinides and fission products within
C__N1EQzDGo-00595-00160978-00161667 the uranium dioxide crystal lattice
C__N1EQzDGo-00596-00161668-00161967 topic oxide fuel under accident
C__N1EQzDGo-00597-00161968-00162347 conditions
C__N1EQzDGo-00598-00162348-00162578 two main modes of release exist
C__N1EQzDGo-00599-00162579-00162785 efficient products can be vaporized or
C__N1EQzDGo-00600-00162786-00162962 small particles of the fuel can be
C__N1EQzDGo-00601-00162963-00163526 dispersed
C__N1EQzDGo-00602-00163527-00163870 topic fuel behavior and post irradiation
C__N1EQzDGo-00603-00163871-00164305 examination
C__N1EQzDGo-00604-00164306-00164623 postie radiation examination pi is the
C__N1EQzDGo-00605-00164624-00164848 study of used nuclear materials such as
C__N1EQzDGo-00606-00164849-00165172 nuclear fuel it has several purposes it
C__N1EQzDGo-00607-00165173-00165370 is known that by examination of used
C__N1EQzDGo-00608-00165371-00165538 fuel that the failure modes which
C__N1EQzDGo-00609-00165539-00165697 occurred during normal use and the
C__N1EQzDGo-00610-00165698-00165856 manner in which the fuel will behave
C__N1EQzDGo-00611-00165857-00166053 during an accident can be studied in
C__N1EQzDGo-00612-00166054-00166279 addition information is gained which
C__N1EQzDGo-00613-00166280-00166468 enables the users of fuel to assure
C__N1EQzDGo-00614-00166469-00166648 themselves of its quality and it also
C__N1EQzDGo-00615-00166649-00166875 assists in the development of new fuels
C__N1EQzDGo-00616-00166876-00167155 after major accidents the core or what
C__N1EQzDGo-00617-00167156-00167362 is left of it is normally subject to PI
C__N1EQzDGo-00618-00167363-00167629 to find out what happened one site where
C__N1EQzDGo-00619-00167630-00167884 PI is done is the ITU which is the EU
C__N1EQzDGo-00620-00167885-00168034 Centre for the study of highly
C__N1EQzDGo-00621-00168035-00168370 radioactive materials materials in a
C__N1EQzDGo-00622-00168371-00168571 high radiation environment such as a
C__N1EQzDGo-00623-00168572-00168784 reactor can undergo unique behaviors
C__N1EQzDGo-00624-00168785-00169009 such as swelling - and non thermal creep
C__N1EQzDGo-00625-00169010-00169267 if there are nuclear reactions within
C__N1EQzDGo-00626-00169268-00169459 the material such as what happens in the
C__N1EQzDGo-00627-00169460-00169678 fuel the stoichiometry will also change
C__N1EQzDGo-00628-00169679-00169951 slowly over time these behaviors can
C__N1EQzDGo-00629-00169952-00170179 lead to new material properties cracking
C__N1EQzDGo-00630-00170180-00170470 and fish and gas release the thermal
C__N1EQzDGo-00631-00170471-00170722 conductivity of uranium dioxide is low
C__N1EQzDGo-00632-00170723-00170959 it is affected by porosities and burn up
C__N1EQzDGo-00633-00170960-00171247 the burn up results in ficient products
C__N1EQzDGo-00634-00171248-00171436 being dissolved in the lattice such as
C__N1EQzDGo-00635-00171437-00171661 lanthanides the precipitation of ficient
C__N1EQzDGo-00636-00171662-00171880 products such as palladium the formation
C__N1EQzDGo-00637-00171881-00172075 of fish and gas bubbles do deficient
C__N1EQzDGo-00638-00172076-00172294 products such as xenon and Krypton and
C__N1EQzDGo-00639-00172295-00172564 radiation damage of the lattice the low
C__N1EQzDGo-00640-00172565-00172735 thermal conductivity can lead to
C__N1EQzDGo-00641-00172736-00172900 overheating of the center part of the
C__N1EQzDGo-00642-00172901-00173215 pellets during use the porosity results
C__N1EQzDGo-00643-00173216-00173371 in a decrease in both the thermal
C__N1EQzDGo-00644-00173372-00173539 conductivity of the fuel and the
C__N1EQzDGo-00645-00173540-00173757 swelling which occurs during use
C__N1EQzDGo-00646-00173758-00173983 according to the International nuclear
C__N1EQzDGo-00647-00173984-00174184 Safety Center 3 the thermal conductivity
C__N1EQzDGo-00648-00174185-00174445 of uranium dioxide can be predicted
C__N1EQzDGo-00649-00174446-00174628 under different conditions by a series
C__N1EQzDGo-00650-00174629-00174916 of equations the bulk density of the
C__N1EQzDGo-00651-00174917-00175093 fuel can be related to the thermal
C__N1EQzDGo-00652-00175094-00175357 conductivity where Rho is the bulk
C__N1EQzDGo-00653-00175358-00175588 density of the fuel and Rho TD as the
C__N1EQzDGo-00654-00175589-00175750 theoretical density of the uranium
C__N1EQzDGo-00655-00175751-00176095 dioxide then the thermal conductivity of
C__N1EQzDGo-00656-00176096-00176332 the pores phase KF is related to the
C__N1EQzDGo-00657-00176333-00176575 conductivity of the perfect phase Co no
C__N1EQzDGo-00658-00176576-00176866 porosity by the following equation note
C__N1EQzDGo-00659-00176867-00177070 that s is a term for the shape factor of
C__N1EQzDGo-00660-00177071-00177499 the holes KF equals KO 1 minus P 1 plus
C__N1EQzDGo-00661-00177500-00177691 s minus 1 P
C__N1EQzDGo-00662-00177692-00177808 other than measuring the thermal
C__N1EQzDGo-00663-00177809-00177985 conductivity using the traditional
C__N1EQzDGo-00664-00177986-00178183 methods such as lee's disk the forbes
C__N1EQzDGo-00665-00178184-00178405 --is method or Sorel's bar it is common
C__N1EQzDGo-00666-00178406-00178603 to use laser flash analysis where a
C__N1EQzDGo-00667-00178604-00178792 small disc of fuel is placed in a
C__N1EQzDGo-00668-00178793-00179032 furnace after being heated to the
C__N1EQzDGo-00669-00179033-00179227 required temperature one side of the
C__N1EQzDGo-00670-00179228-00179419 disk is illuminated with a laser pulse
C__N1EQzDGo-00671-00179420-00179629 the time required for the heatwave to
C__N1EQzDGo-00672-00179630-00179809 flow through the disk the density of the
C__N1EQzDGo-00673-00179810-00179989 disk and the thickness of the disk can
C__N1EQzDGo-00674-00179990-00180178 then be used to calculate and determine
C__N1EQzDGo-00675-00180179-00180475 the thermal conductivity lambda equals
C__N1EQzDGo-00676-00180476-00180814 Rho CP out thermal conductivity Rho
C__N1EQzDGo-00677-00180815-00181273 density CP heat capacity alpha thermal
C__N1EQzDGo-00678-00181274-00181522 diffusivity one-half as defined as the
C__N1EQzDGo-00679-00181523-00181708 time required for the non illuminated
C__N1EQzDGo-00680-00181709-00181906 surface to experience half its final
C__N1EQzDGo-00681-00181907-00182140 temperature rise then
C__N1EQzDGo-00682-00182141-00182704 alpha equals zero 1388 l to t12 L is the
C__N1EQzDGo-00683-00182705-00182878 thickness of the disk for details see
C__N1EQzDGo-00684-00182879-00183483 for equals
C__N1EQzDGo-00685-00183484-00184189 topic radioisotopes decay fuels
C__N1EQzDGo-00686-00184190-00184554 equals
C__N1EQzDGo-00687-00184555-00185137 topic radioisotopes battery
C__N1EQzDGo-00688-00185138-00185425 the terms atomic battery nuclear battery
C__N1EQzDGo-00689-00185426-00185623 and radioisotope battery are used
C__N1EQzDGo-00690-00185624-00185815 interchangeably to describe a device
C__N1EQzDGo-00691-00185816-00186003 which uses the radioactive decay to
C__N1EQzDGo-00692-00186004-00186301 generate electricity these systems use
C__N1EQzDGo-00693-00186302-00186540 Radio isotopes that produce low energy
C__N1EQzDGo-00694-00186541-00186739 beta particles are sometimes alpha
C__N1EQzDGo-00695-00186740-00187018 particles of varying energies low-energy
C__N1EQzDGo-00696-00187019-00187231 beta particles are needed to prevent the
C__N1EQzDGo-00697-00187232-00187423 production of high-energy penetrating
C__N1EQzDGo-00698-00187424-00187600 bremsstrahlung radiation that would
C__N1EQzDGo-00699-00187601-00187858 require heavy shielding Radio isotopes
C__N1EQzDGo-00700-00187859-00188373 such as plutonium 238 curium 242 curium
C__N1EQzDGo-00701-00188374-00188670 244 and strontium 90 have been used
C__N1EQzDGo-00702-00188671-00189123 tritium nickel 63 promethium-147 and
C__N1EQzDGo-00703-00189124-00189439 technetium-99 have been tested there are
C__N1EQzDGo-00704-00189440-00189676 two main categories of atomic batteries
C__N1EQzDGo-00705-00189677-00189952 thermal and non thermal the non thermal
C__N1EQzDGo-00706-00189953-00190120 atomic batteries which have many
C__N1EQzDGo-00707-00190121-00190348 different designs exploit charged alpha
C__N1EQzDGo-00708-00190349-00190663 and beta particles these designs include
C__N1EQzDGo-00709-00190664-00190866 the direct charging generators beta
C__N1EQzDGo-00710-00190867-00191079 voltaics the optoelectronic nuclear
C__N1EQzDGo-00711-00191080-00191238 battery and the radioisotope
C__N1EQzDGo-00712-00191239-00191518 piezoelectric generator the thermal
C__N1EQzDGo-00713-00191519-00191698 atomic batteries on the other hand
C__N1EQzDGo-00714-00191699-00191881 convert the heat from the radioactive
C__N1EQzDGo-00715-00191882-00192145 decay to electricity these designs
C__N1EQzDGo-00716-00192146-00192349 include thermionic converter thermo
C__N1EQzDGo-00717-00192350-00192598 photovoltaic cells alkali metal thermal
C__N1EQzDGo-00718-00192599-00192757 to electric converter and the most
C__N1EQzDGo-00719-00192758-00192903 common design the radioisotope
C__N1EQzDGo-00720-00192904-00193572 thermoelectric generator
C__N1EQzDGo-00721-00193573-00193852 topic radioisotope thermoelectric
C__N1EQzDGo-00722-00193853-00194276 generators
C__N1EQzDGo-00723-00194277-00194530 a radioisotope thermoelectric generator
C__N1EQzDGo-00724-00194531-00194822 RTG is a simple electrical generator
C__N1EQzDGo-00725-00194823-00194960 which converts heat into electricity
C__N1EQzDGo-00726-00194961-00195242 from a radioisotope using an array of
C__N1EQzDGo-00727-00195243-00195620 thermocouples 238 pou has become the
C__N1EQzDGo-00728-00195621-00195887 most widely used fuel for RTGS in the
C__N1EQzDGo-00729-00195888-00196160 form of plutonium dioxide it has a
C__N1EQzDGo-00730-00196161-00196469 half-life of 87.7 years reasonable
C__N1EQzDGo-00731-00196470-00196676 energy density and exceptionally low
C__N1EQzDGo-00732-00196677-00196982 gamma and neutron radiation levels some
C__N1EQzDGo-00733-00196983-00197255 Russian terrestrial RTGS have used 90
C__N1EQzDGo-00734-00197256-00197453 senior this isotope has a shorter
C__N1EQzDGo-00735-00197454-00197636 half-life in a much lower energy density
C__N1EQzDGo-00736-00197637-00198041 but is cheaper early RTGS first built in
C__N1EQzDGo-00737-00198042-00198305 1958 by the US Atomic Energy Commission
C__N1EQzDGo-00738-00198306-00198680 have used 210po this fuel provides
C__N1EQzDGo-00739-00198681-00198902 phenomenally huge energy density a
C__N1EQzDGo-00740-00198903-00199195 single gram of polonium-210 generates
C__N1EQzDGo-00741-00199196-00199472 140 watts thermal but has limited use
C__N1EQzDGo-00742-00199473-00199670 because of its very short half-life and
C__N1EQzDGo-00743-00199671-00199856 gamma production and has been phased out
C__N1EQzDGo-00744-00199857-00200485 of use for this application
C__N1EQzDGo-00745-00200486-00201195 topic radioisotopes heater units rue
C__N1EQzDGo-00746-00201196-00201421 radioisotope heater units normally
C__N1EQzDGo-00747-00201422-00201591 provide about one watt of heat each
C__N1EQzDGo-00748-00201592-00201861 derived from the decay of a few grams of
C__N1EQzDGo-00749-00201862-00202152 plutonium-238 this heat is given off
C__N1EQzDGo-00750-00202153-00202471 continuously for several decades their
C__N1EQzDGo-00751-00202472-00202675 function is to provide highly localized
C__N1EQzDGo-00752-00202676-00202878 heating of sensitive equipment such as
C__N1EQzDGo-00753-00202879-00203050 electronics in outer space
C__N1EQzDGo-00754-00203051-00203325 the cassini-huygens orbiter to Saturn
C__N1EQzDGo-00755-00203326-00203572 contains 82 of these units in addition
C__N1EQzDGo-00756-00203573-00203782 to its three main RTGS for power
C__N1EQzDGo-00757-00203783-00204073 generation the Huygens probe to Titan
C__N1EQzDGo-00758-00204074-00204715 contains 35 devices
C__N1EQzDGo-00759-00204716-00205246 topic fusion fuels
C__N1EQzDGo-00760-00205246-00205562 fusion fuels include deuterium 2h and
C__N1EQzDGo-00761-00205563-00205961 tritium 3h as well as helium-3 3 he many
C__N1EQzDGo-00762-00205962-00206177 other elements can be fused together but
C__N1EQzDGo-00763-00206178-00206344 the larger electrical charge of their
C__N1EQzDGo-00764-00206346-00206491 nuclei means that much higher
C__N1EQzDGo-00765-00206492-00206746 temperatures are required only the
C__N1EQzDGo-00766-00206748-00206909 fusion of the lightest elements is
C__N1EQzDGo-00767-00206910-00207128 seriously considered as a future energy
C__N1EQzDGo-00768-00207129-00207431 source fusion of the lightest atom 1h
C__N1EQzDGo-00769-00207432-00207653 hydrogen as is done in the Sun and stars
C__N1EQzDGo-00770-00207654-00207884 has also not been considered practical
C__N1EQzDGo-00771-00207885-00208066 on earth although the energy density of
C__N1EQzDGo-00772-00208067-00208283 fusion fuel is even higher than fish and
C__N1EQzDGo-00773-00208284-00208508 fuel in fusion reactions sustained for a
C__N1EQzDGo-00774-00208509-00208706 few minutes have been achieved utilising
C__N1EQzDGo-00775-00208707-00208889 fusion fuel as a net energy source
C__N1EQzDGo-00776-00208890-00209601 remains only a theoretical possibility
C__N1EQzDGo-00777-00209602-00210228 topic first generation fusion fuel
C__N1EQzDGo-00778-00210229-00210432 deuterium and tritium are both
C__N1EQzDGo-00779-00210433-00210669 considered first-generation fusion fuels
C__N1EQzDGo-00780-00210669-00210873 they're the easiest to fuse because the
C__N1EQzDGo-00781-00210873-00211073 electrical charge on their nuclei is the
C__N1EQzDGo-00782-00211075-00211326 lowest of all elements the three most
C__N1EQzDGo-00783-00211327-00211554 commonly cited nuclear reactions that
C__N1EQzDGo-00784-00211555-00211871 could be used to generate energy are 2h
C__N1EQzDGo-00785-00211873-00212262 + 3 H n 14 point zero seven MeV plus
C__N1EQzDGo-00786-00212263-00212712 four he 3 point 5 2 MeV 2h + 2 HN 2
C__N1EQzDGo-00787-00212713-00213044 point 4 5 MeV plus three zero point 8 2
C__N1EQzDGo-00788-00213046-00213567 MeV 2h + 2 HP three point zero 2 MeV + 3
C__N1EQzDGo-00789-00213567-00214219 H 101 MeV
C__N1EQzDGo-00790-00214219-00214839 topic second-generation fusion fuel
C__N1EQzDGo-00791-00214840-00215113 second generation fuels require either
C__N1EQzDGo-00792-00215114-00215298 higher confinement temperatures or
C__N1EQzDGo-00793-00215300-00215464 longer confinement time than those
C__N1EQzDGo-00794-00215465-00215677 required of first-generation fusion
C__N1EQzDGo-00795-00215678-00215859 fuels but generate fewer neutrons
C__N1EQzDGo-00796-00215860-00216169 neutrons are an unwanted byproduct of
C__N1EQzDGo-00797-00216169-00216388 fusion reactions in an energy generation
C__N1EQzDGo-00798-00216389-00216592 context because they are absorbed by the
C__N1EQzDGo-00799-00216592-00216790 walls of a fusion chamber making them
C__N1EQzDGo-00800-00216791-00217063 radioactive they cannot be confined by
C__N1EQzDGo-00801-00217064-00217237 magnetic fields because they are not
C__N1EQzDGo-00802-00217238-00217537 electrically charged this group consists
C__N1EQzDGo-00803-00217538-00217803 of deuterium and helium-3 the products
C__N1EQzDGo-00804-00217804-00217990 are all charged particles but there may
C__N1EQzDGo-00805-00217991-00218208 be significant side reactions leading to
C__N1EQzDGo-00806-00218209-00218619 the production of neutrons 2h + 3 he P
C__N1EQzDGo-00807-00218621-00219590 14 point 6 8 MeV plus 14 367 MeV
C__N1EQzDGo-00808-00219591-00220271 topic third-generation fusion fuel third
C__N1EQzDGo-00809-00220271-00220501 generation fusion fuels produce only
C__N1EQzDGo-00810-00220502-00220673 charged particles in the primary
C__N1EQzDGo-00811-00220673-00220867 reactions and side reactions are
C__N1EQzDGo-00812-00220869-00221125 relatively unimportant since a very
C__N1EQzDGo-00813-00221126-00221323 small amount of neutrons is produced
C__N1EQzDGo-00814-00221325-00221452 there would be little induced
C__N1EQzDGo-00815-00221453-00221666 radioactivity in the walls of the fusion
C__N1EQzDGo-00816-00221667-00221929 chamber this is often seen as the end
C__N1EQzDGo-00817-00221930-00222184 goal of fusion research 3 he has the
C__N1EQzDGo-00818-00222185-00222394 highest maxwellian reactivity of any
C__N1EQzDGo-00819-00222396-00222685 third generation fusion fuel however
C__N1EQzDGo-00820-00222686-00222907 there are no significant natural sources
C__N1EQzDGo-00821-00222908-00223316 of this substance on earth 3 he +3 he 2p
C__N1EQzDGo-00822-00223317-00223732 + 4 he 12.8 6 MeV another potential and
C__N1EQzDGo-00823-00223733-00223948 neutronic fusion reaction as the proton
C__N1EQzDGo-00824-00223950-00224467 boron reaction P plus 11b 3 for he 8.7
C__N1EQzDGo-00825-00224469-00224719 MeV under reasonable assumptions side
C__N1EQzDGo-00826-00224721-00225031 reactions will result in about 0.1% of
C__N1EQzDGo-00827-00225032-00225196 the fusion power being carried by
C__N1EQzDGo-00828-00225198-00225571 neutrons with 123 keV the optimum
C__N1EQzDGo-00829-00225573-00225775 temperature for this reaction is nearly
C__N1EQzDGo-00830-00225776-00225962 10 times higher than that for the pure
C__N1EQzDGo-00831-00225963-00226139 hydrogen reactions the energy
C__N1EQzDGo-00832-00226140-00226360 confinement must be 500 times better
C__N1EQzDGo-00833-00226361-00226579 than that required for the DT reaction
C__N1EQzDGo-00834-00226580-00226867 and the power density will be 2500 times
C__N1EQzDGo-00835-00226869-00227503 lower than for DT
C__N1EQzDGo-00836-00227504-00228038 topic C also
C__N1EQzDGo-00837-00228039-00228421 global nuclear energy partnership lists
C__N1EQzDGo-00838-00228423-00228634 of nuclear disasters and radioactive
C__N1EQzDGo-00839-00228635-00229075 incidents nuclear fuel bank nuclear fuel
C__N1EQzDGo-00840-00229076-00229596 cycle reprocessed uranium uranium market
C__N1EQzDGo-00841-00229598-00229774 integrated nuclear fuel cycle
C__N1EQzDGo-00842-00229775-00230117 information system
C_ER4hePVp0-00000-00000014-00000555 the Arab world Institute abbreviated AWI
C_ER4hePVp0-00001-00000556-00000898 French Institute Du Monde arabe
C_ER4hePVp0-00002-00000899-00001277 abbreviated I'ma is an organization
C_ER4hePVp0-00003-00001278-00001660 founded in Paris in 1980 by 18 Arab
C_ER4hePVp0-00004-00001661-00001907 countries with France to research and
C_ER4hePVp0-00005-00001907-00002152 disseminate information about the Arab
C_ER4hePVp0-00006-00002153-00002401 world and its cultural and spiritual
C_ER4hePVp0-00007-00002402-00002795 values the Institute was established as
C_ER4hePVp0-00008-00002796-00003013 a result of a perceived lack of
C_ER4hePVp0-00009-00003014-00003260 representation for the Arab world in
C_ER4hePVp0-00010-00003261-00003529 France and seeks to provide a secular
C_ER4hePVp0-00011-00003530-00003761 location for the promotion of Arab
C_ER4hePVp0-00012-00003761-00004034 civilization art knowledge and
C_ER4hePVp0-00013-00004035-00004409 aesthetics housed within the institution
C_ER4hePVp0-00014-00004410-00004699 are a museum library auditorium
C_ER4hePVp0-00015-00004700-00005544 restaurant offices and meeting rooms
C_ER4hePVp0-00016-00005545-00006081 topic history
C_ER4hePVp0-00017-00006082-00006454 the AWI is located in a building known
C_ER4hePVp0-00018-00006455-00006766 as the institut du monde arabe the same
C_ER4hePVp0-00019-00006767-00007059 name as the Institute on Rue de Foss a
C_ER4hePVp0-00020-00007061-00007327 st. Bernard in the 5th arrondissement of
C_ER4hePVp0-00021-00007328-00007726 Paris France originally a project
C_ER4hePVp0-00022-00007727-00008113 conceived in 1973 by president valéry
C_ER4hePVp0-00023-00008114-00008452 Giscard d'Estaing the museum was
C_ER4hePVp0-00024-00008453-00008893 constructed between 1981 and 1987 under
C_ER4hePVp0-00025-00008894-00009070 the presidency of French president
C_ER4hePVp0-00026-00009071-00009379 Francois Mitterrand as part of his urban
C_ER4hePVp0-00027-00009380-00009682 development series entitled the grand
C_ER4hePVp0-00028-00009683-00009963 projets the Institute promotes
C_ER4hePVp0-00029-00009964-00010294 cooperation and exchanges between france
C_ER4hePVp0-00030-00010295-00010596 and the arab nations particularly in the
C_ER4hePVp0-00031-00010597-00010838 areas of science and technology
C_ER4hePVp0-00032-00010839-00011056 contributing to the understanding
C_ER4hePVp0-00033-00011057-00011313 between the Arab world and Europe
C_ER4hePVp0-00034-00011314-00012196 Libya joined the Institute in 1984
C_ER4hePVp0-00035-00012197-00012770 topic architecture
C_ER4hePVp0-00036-00012771-00013121 the building was constructed from 1981
C_ER4hePVp0-00037-00013122-00013747 to 1987 and has floor space of 180 1,850
C_ER4hePVp0-00038-00013749-00013876 square feet
C_ER4hePVp0-00039-00013877-00014336 16,000 894 square meters the
C_ER4hePVp0-00040-00014337-00014600 architecture studio together with Jean
C_ER4hePVp0-00041-00014601-00014988 Nouvel won the 1981 design competition
C_ER4hePVp0-00042-00014990-00015338 this project as a result of funds from
C_ER4hePVp0-00043-00015338-00015554 both the League of Arab states and the
C_ER4hePVp0-00044-00015555-00015772 French government with the cost of the
C_ER4hePVp0-00045-00015774-00016072 building totaling around 230 million
C_ER4hePVp0-00046-00016073-00016472 euros the building acts as a buffer zone
C_ER4hePVp0-00047-00016473-00016766 between the GCU campus of pierre and
C_ER4hePVp0-00048-00016767-00017093 marie curie university paris VIII built
C_ER4hePVp0-00049-00017094-00017366 in large rationalist urban blocks and
C_ER4hePVp0-00050-00017367-00017729 the seine the river facade follows the
C_ER4hePVp0-00051-00017730-00017960 curve of the waterway reducing the
C_ER4hePVp0-00052-00017961-00018191 hardness of a rectangular grid and
C_ER4hePVp0-00053-00018192-00018422 offering an inviting view from the sully
C_ER4hePVp0-00054-00018423-00018758 bridge at the same time the building
C_ER4hePVp0-00055-00018759-00018997 appears to fold itself back in the
C_ER4hePVp0-00056-00018998-00019244 direction of the st. Germond a praise
C_ER4hePVp0-00057-00019245-00019616 district in contrast to the curved
C_ER4hePVp0-00058-00019617-00019900 surface on the river side the southwest
C_ER4hePVp0-00059-00019901-00020125 facade as an inn compromising lis
C_ER4hePVp0-00060-00020126-00020492 rectangular glass clad curtain wall it
C_ER4hePVp0-00061-00020493-00020789 faces a large square public space that
C_ER4hePVp0-00062-00020790-00021028 opens in the direction of the Ile de la
C_ER4hePVp0-00063-00021029-00021416 Cite a and Notre Dame visible behind the
C_ER4hePVp0-00064-00021417-00021716 glass wall a metallic screen unfolds
C_ER4hePVp0-00065-00021717-00022103 with moving geometric motifs the motifs
C_ER4hePVp0-00066-00022104-00022460 are actually 240 photosensitive motor
C_ER4hePVp0-00067-00022461-00022742 controlled apertures or shutters which
C_ER4hePVp0-00068-00022743-00023009 act as a sophisticated breeze a Soleil
C_ER4hePVp0-00069-00023010-00023312 that automatically opens and closes to
C_ER4hePVp0-00070-00023313-00023494 control the amount of light and heat
C_ER4hePVp0-00071-00023495-00023803 entering the building from the Sun the
C_ER4hePVp0-00072-00023804-00024103 mechanism creates interior spaces with
C_ER4hePVp0-00073-00024104-00024425 filtered light an effect often used in
C_ER4hePVp0-00074-00024426-00024674 Islamic architecture with its climate
C_ER4hePVp0-00075-00024675-00025003 oriented strategies the innovative use
C_ER4hePVp0-00076-00025004-00025265 of technology and success of the
C_ER4hePVp0-00077-00025266-00025556 building's design catapulted nouvelle to
C_ER4hePVp0-00078-00025557-00025753 fame and as one of the cultural
C_ER4hePVp0-00079-00025754-00025966 reference points of Paris
C_ER4hePVp0-00080-00025967-00026456 you
C_ER4hePVp0-00081-00026457-00027074 topic Adak on award
C_ER4hePVp0-00082-00027075-00027426 it was the recipient of the 1989 Agha
C_ER4hePVp0-00083-00027427-00027751 Khan award for architectural excellence
C_ER4hePVp0-00084-00027752-00028104 jury members included historian Oleg
C_ER4hePVp0-00085-00028105-00028654 grabar
C_ER4hePVp0-00086-00028655-00028867 topic museum
C_ER4hePVp0-00087-00028868-00029208 [Music]
C_ER4hePVp0-00088-00029210-00029512 within the museum are objects from the
C_ER4hePVp0-00089-00029513-00029776 Arab world ranging from before Islam
C_ER4hePVp0-00090-00029777-00030027 through into the 20th century
C_ER4hePVp0-00091-00030027-00030316 one of the main initiatives within the
C_ER4hePVp0-00092-00030317-00030564 museum as the inclusion of special
C_ER4hePVp0-00093-00030566-00030764 exhibitions
C_ER4hePVp0-00094-00030766-00031172 you
C_ER4hePVp0-00095-00031173-00031833 Topic special exhibitions
C_ER4hePVp0-00096-00031833-00032199 20:16 Osiris the submerged mysteries of
C_ER4hePVp0-00097-00032200-00032635 Egypt voices of animals the fables of
C_ER4hePVp0-00098-00032636-00032908 kalila and dim nah
C_ER4hePVp0-00099-00032909-00033240 nomadic sculpture by Rudolf Hammadi
C_ER4hePVp0-00100-00033241-00033552 first biennial of Contemporary Arab
C_ER4hePVp0-00101-00033553-00034321 photography coexist
C_ER4hePVp0-00102-00034322-00034958 topic in popular culture
C_ER4hePVp0-00103-00034959-00035261 Michell hey albick sets a pivotal scene
C_ER4hePVp0-00104-00035262-00035504 in his novel submission at a reception
C_ER4hePVp0-00105-00035505-00035741 held in the institute's rooftop
C_ER4hePVp0-00106-00035742-00036432 restaurant and terrace
C_ER4hePVp0-00107-00036433-00037002 topic presidents
C_ER4hePVp0-00108-00037003-00037614 Jeanne bast event 1977 to 1980 philippe
C_ER4hePVp0-00109-00037615-00038003 ardent 1980 to 1985
C_ER4hePVp0-00110-00038004-00038762 pierre Guido nee 1985 1986 Paul carton
C_ER4hePVp0-00111-00038763-00039095 1986 to 1988
C_ER4hePVp0-00112-00039096-00039747 Edgard Pazhani 1988 to 1995 Camille
C_ER4hePVp0-00113-00039748-00040382 Cabana 1995 to 2002 Dennis vouchered
C_ER4hePVp0-00114-00040383-00041243 2002 to 2004 eve gana 2004 to 2007
C_ER4hePVp0-00115-00041244-00041810 Dominique bodis 2007 to 2009
C_ER4hePVp0-00116-00041811-00042249 Dominique bodis and Bruno Laval WA 2009
C_ER4hePVp0-00117-00042250-00042788 to 2011 Renault Musa and Bruno Laval WA
C_ER4hePVp0-00118-00042789-00043802 2011 to 2013 Jack Lang 2013
C_ER4hePVp0-00119-00043803-00044377 topic see also
C_ER4hePVp0-00120-00044378-00044943 list of museums in Paris grand projets
C_ER4hePVp0-00121-00044944-00045568 key Branly Louvre Abu Dhabi
CAyoKuhwkZu-00000-00000024-00000223 just going 10 feet to my left so we're
CAyoKuhwkZu-00001-00000224-00000359 excited about the pitching matchup
CAyoKuhwkZu-00002-00000360-00000511 i would assume the yankees and aaron
CAyoKuhwkZu-00003-00000512-00000686 booner as well well aaron boone is
CAyoKuhwkZu-00004-00000687-00000823 excited to have garrett cole
CAyoKuhwkZu-00005-00000824-00001047 on the mound and rightfully so anytime i
CAyoKuhwkZu-00006-00001048-00001215 speak to anyone in that clubhouse
CAyoKuhwkZu-00007-00001216-00001311 they'll tell you
CAyoKuhwkZu-00008-00001312-00001462 there's a different feel when garrett
CAyoKuhwkZu-00009-00001463-00001630 cole is on the mound they know they only
CAyoKuhwkZu-00010-00001632-00001751 need a run or two
CAyoKuhwkZu-00011-00001752-00001926 and garrett cole more times than not
CAyoKuhwkZu-00012-00001927-00002071 will just go to work
CAyoKuhwkZu-00013-00002072-00002223 today could be a little different with
CAyoKuhwkZu-00014-00002224-00002407 bieber of course they want to face the
CAyoKuhwkZu-00015-00002408-00002607 best you want the best competition
CAyoKuhwkZu-00016-00002608-00002767 but aaron boone did say i don't love
CAyoKuhwkZu-00017-00002768-00002902 that the ace is on the mound for the
CAyoKuhwkZu-00018-00002903-00003039 other team but certainly
CAyoKuhwkZu-00019-00003040-00003206 something they will have to deal with
CAyoKuhwkZu-00020-00003207-00003406 and i spoke to jameson tyonne
CAyoKuhwkZu-00021-00003407-00003631 earlier today and he spoke a little bit
CAyoKuhwkZu-00022-00003632-00003886 about this pitching matchup
CAyoKuhwkZu-00023-00003887-00004143 i'm really excited you know bieber's one
CAyoKuhwkZu-00024-00004144-00004343 of the guys that i changed my mechanics
CAyoKuhwkZu-00025-00004344-00004551 and i had watched him throw a lot
CAyoKuhwkZu-00026-00004552-00004702 over the past couple of years and even
CAyoKuhwkZu-00027-00004703-00004854 before he really broke out i was a fan
CAyoKuhwkZu-00028-00004855-00004983 of the way he threw the ball
CAyoKuhwkZu-00029-00004984-00005222 um so he was kind of an inspiration for
CAyoKuhwkZu-00030-00005223-00005359 what i did with my mechanics there were
CAyoKuhwkZu-00031-00005360-00005486 a few guys around the league that i had
CAyoKuhwkZu-00032-00005487-00005599 watched and said like
CAyoKuhwkZu-00033-00005600-00005743 man that looks really efficient really
CAyoKuhwkZu-00034-00005744-00005975 clean so i'm a fan of him from across
CAyoKuhwkZu-00035-00005976-00006118 the way and then obviously just watching
CAyoKuhwkZu-00036-00006119-00006238 gary work
CAyoKuhwkZu-00037-00006239-00006414 um you know he brings it every time he's
CAyoKuhwkZu-00038-00006415-00006575 super prepared every time he takes them
CAyoKuhwkZu-00039-00006576-00006767 out you know he's ready to go so
CAyoKuhwkZu-00040-00006768-00006942 i'm excited hopefully we can scratch a
CAyoKuhwkZu-00041-00006943-00007175 few um you know off bieber early and
CAyoKuhwkZu-00042-00007176-00007334 garrett can get in a groove
CAyoKuhwkZu-00043-00007336-00007534 and jamison tyoon will get the ball
CAyoKuhwkZu-00044-00007536-00007710 tomorrow tomorrow he spoke a lot about
CAyoKuhwkZu-00045-00007711-00007823 the progress he made
CAyoKuhwkZu-00046-00007823-00008031 last start about using that curveball a
CAyoKuhwkZu-00047-00008031-00008207 little bit more early on and elevating
CAyoKuhwkZu-00048-00008208-00008295 the fastball
CAyoKuhwkZu-00049-00008296-00008527 he'd like to build on that and then on
CAyoKuhwkZu-00050-00008528-00008695 monday it looks as though
CAyoKuhwkZu-00051-00008696-00008903 it could be davey garcia aaron boone
CAyoKuhwkZu-00052-00008904-00009023 said he's not a hundred percent
CAyoKuhwkZu-00053-00009024-00009167 committed to that right now
CAyoKuhwkZu-00054-00009168-00009327 but depending on what happens over the
CAyoKuhwkZu-00055-00009328-00009527 next two games their intent is to start
CAyoKuhwkZu-00056-00009528-00009639 davey garcia
CAyoKuhwkZu-00057-00009640-00009823 but as we know in baseball crazy things
CAyoKuhwkZu-00058-00009824-00010039 can happen bob meredith with coal on the
CAyoKuhwkZu-00059-00010040-00010183 mound i don't think any of us are
CAyoKuhwkZu-00060-00010184-00010367 surprised that it's higashiyoka
CAyoKuhwkZu-00061-00010368-00010591 behind the plate again those two have
CAyoKuhwkZu-00062-00010592-00010751 worked so well together
CAyoKuhwkZu-00063-00010752-00010942 in your conversations with yankee
CAyoKuhwkZu-00064-00010943-00011055 personnel what
CAyoKuhwkZu-00065-00011056-00011263 is it about that pairing that allows
CAyoKuhwkZu-00066-00011264-00011414 coal to be so successful
CAyoKuhwkZu-00067-00011415-00011591 you know what it just seems as though it
CAyoKuhwkZu-00068-00011592-00011742 came together last year
CAyoKuhwkZu-00069-00011743-00011919 and coal felt comfortable and started
CAyoKuhwkZu-00070-00011920-00012151 getting comfortable when higashiyoka
CAyoKuhwkZu-00071-00012152-00012335 was catching it wasn't necessarily
CAyoKuhwkZu-00072-00012336-00012583 something that aaron boone had planned
CAyoKuhwkZu-00073-00012584-00012767 and planned moving forward but
CAyoKuhwkZu-00074-00012768-00012999 we see every time that garrett cole is
CAyoKuhwkZu-00075-00013000-00013166 throwing to kyle higashioka
CAyoKuhwkZu-00076-00013168-00013294 it just seems like he gets in that
CAyoKuhwkZu-00077-00013295-00013558 perfect rhythm and on top of that
CAyoKuhwkZu-00078-00013559-00013758 they may lean on kyle higashioka a
CAyoKuhwkZu-00079-00013759-00013911 little bit more not just for garrett
CAyoKuhwkZu-00080-00013912-00014094 cole starts considering the way he has
CAyoKuhwkZu-00081-00014095-00014230 played he's always provided
CAyoKuhwkZu-00082-00014231-00014430 good defense calls a good game but now
CAyoKuhwkZu-00083-00014431-00014558 you're seeing and you saw it at the end
CAyoKuhwkZu-00084-00014559-00014663 of last year too
CAyoKuhwkZu-00085-00014663-00014830 offensively it seems as though he has
CAyoKuhwkZu-00086-00014831-00014999 really made some strides and
CAyoKuhwkZu-00087-00015000-00015150 i spoke to hitting coach marcus tims
CAyoKuhwkZu-00088-00015151-00015358 yesterday and he said it is confidence
CAyoKuhwkZu-00089-00015359-00015479 more than anything else
CAyoKuhwkZu-00090-00015480-00015638 he had a conversation with kyle
CAyoKuhwkZu-00091-00015640-00015815 higashioka and said
CAyoKuhwkZu-00092-00015816-00016030 you need to prepare in the batter's box
CAyoKuhwkZu-00093-00016031-00016199 like you prepare for hitters on the
CAyoKuhwkZu-00094-00016200-00016279 other side
CAyoKuhwkZu-00095-00016280-00016391 and it was something that really
CAyoKuhwkZu-00096-00016392-00016655 resonated with kyle higashioka
CAyoKuhwkZu-00097-00016656-00016807 and now he's doing double the
CAyoKuhwkZu-00098-00016808-00016983 preparation and putting just as much
CAyoKuhwkZu-00099-00016984-00017063 time in
CAyoKuhwkZu-00100-00017064-00017247 to ensure that he's ready when he steps
CAyoKuhwkZu-00101-00017248-00017422 into that batter's box and higashiyoka
CAyoKuhwkZu-00102-00017423-00017535 himself admits
CAyoKuhwkZu-00103-00017536-00017767 the confidence is there and he enjoys it
CAyoKuhwkZu-00104-00017768-00017894 when he gets to the plate and when you
CAyoKuhwkZu-00105-00017895-00018047 hit a couple home runs bob why wouldn't
CAyoKuhwkZu-00106-00018048-00018086 you
CAyoKuhwkZu-00107-00018087-00018239 and he had won a homer and a double two
CAyoKuhwkZu-00108-00018240-00018358 nights ago really helped him get the
CAyoKuhwkZu-00109-00018359-00018479 ball rolling in cleveland
CAyoKuhwkZu-00110-00018480-00018622 you mentioned the offense earlier how
CAyoKuhwkZu-00111-00018623-00018799 it's trending up one trend they would
CAyoKuhwkZu-00112-00018800-00018967 probably hope that continues
CAyoKuhwkZu-00113-00018968-00019150 four home runs in last night's ball game
CAyoKuhwkZu-00114-00019151-00019335 including two scorched ones off the bat
CAyoKuhwkZu-00115-00019336-00019455 of giancarlo stanton
CAyoKuhwkZu-00116-00019456-00019686 and as boone put it it just sounds a
CAyoKuhwkZu-00117-00019687-00019855 little different when john carlos
CAyoKuhwkZu-00118-00019856-00019991 stanton hits the ball and i think
CAyoKuhwkZu-00119-00019992-00020086 everybody
CAyoKuhwkZu-00120-00020087-00020286 in that dugout would admit that it has a
CAyoKuhwkZu-00121-00020287-00020478 certain pop to it off the bat but john
CAyoKuhwkZu-00122-00020479-00020686 carlos stanton said after the game look
CAyoKuhwkZu-00123-00020687-00020863 it was just nice to catch up to a
CAyoKuhwkZu-00124-00020864-00021030 fastball barrel it up something he
CAyoKuhwkZu-00125-00021031-00021278 hasn't done in a while and marcus tim's
CAyoKuhwkZu-00126-00021279-00021430 actually had a conversation with him as
CAyoKuhwkZu-00127-00021431-00021607 well and stanton said his biggest issue
CAyoKuhwkZu-00128-00021608-00021663 was
CAyoKuhwkZu-00129-00021664-00021847 when you're dealing with a game that
CAyoKuhwkZu-00130-00021848-00022063 more often than not you fail
CAyoKuhwkZu-00131-00022064-00022263 and you come up with a plan it doesn't
CAyoKuhwkZu-00132-00022264-00022422 work a couple times and then you change
CAyoKuhwkZu-00133-00022423-00022455 it
CAyoKuhwkZu-00134-00022456-00022614 you come up with a new plan and then you
CAyoKuhwkZu-00135-00022615-00022783 change it and the conversation really
CAyoKuhwkZu-00136-00022784-00022822 was
CAyoKuhwkZu-00137-00022823-00023039 you need to stick to a plan commit to a
CAyoKuhwkZu-00138-00023040-00023183 plan and really
CAyoKuhwkZu-00139-00023184-00023375 ride it out and continue to stay
CAyoKuhwkZu-00140-00023376-00023591 aggressive in that strike zone waiting
CAyoKuhwkZu-00141-00023592-00023727 for your pitch and that's something we
CAyoKuhwkZu-00142-00023728-00023847 saw him do last night
CAyoKuhwkZu-00143-00023848-00024007 the yankees certainly wouldn't complain
CAyoKuhwkZu-00144-00024008-00024150 if he keeps that approach and keeps the
CAyoKuhwkZu-00145-00024151-00024230 home runs coming
CAyoKuhwkZu-00146-00024231-00024447 one final thing rugnando dora had a home
CAyoKuhwkZu-00147-00024448-00024591 run in last night's ball game too what
CAyoKuhwkZu-00148-00024592-00024775 kind of an impact has he had on the team
CAyoKuhwkZu-00149-00024776-00025014 energy anyone you ask about him one of
CAyoKuhwkZu-00150-00025015-00025183 the first things they mention
CAyoKuhwkZu-00151-00025184-00025367 energy he provides a tremendous amount
CAyoKuhwkZu-00152-00025368-00025550 of excitement aaron boone mentioned
CAyoKuhwkZu-00153-00025551-00025774 today that he plays the game with a joy
CAyoKuhwkZu-00154-00025775-00025870 and it's not just
CAyoKuhwkZu-00155-00025872-00026055 what's happening on the field he can be
CAyoKuhwkZu-00156-00026056-00026239 an asset on the field especially
CAyoKuhwkZu-00157-00026239-00026462 if he hits like he did last night but i
CAyoKuhwkZu-00158-00026463-00026631 think it's some of the intangibles off
CAyoKuhwkZu-00159-00026632-00026814 the field that maybe loosen this group
CAyoKuhwkZu-00160-00026816-00026958 up a little bit maybe something they
CAyoKuhwkZu-00161-00026960-00027046 didn't have
CAyoKuhwkZu-00162-00027047-00027383 prior to him joining the scene
CBftZHwlwsQ-00000-00001227-00001407 [Music]
CBftZHwlwsQ-00001-00001408-00002023 m
CBftZHwlwsQ-00002-00002025-00002887 [Music]
CBftZHwlwsQ-00003-00002888-00003951 uh
CBftZHwlwsQ-00004-00003952-00004093 this is
CBftZHwlwsQ-00005-00004094-00005343 [Music]
CBftZHwlwsQ-00006-00005344-00006079 thank you
CBftZHwlwsQ-00007-00006080-00006794 uh
CBftZHwlwsQ-00008-00006795-00009577 [Music]
CBftZHwlwsQ-00009-00009578-00010374 [Music]
CBftZHwlwsQ-00010-00010375-00010583 my
CBftZHwlwsQ-00011-00010584-00011050 [Music]
CBftZHwlwsQ-00012-00011051-00011118 [Applause]
CBftZHwlwsQ-00013-00011119-00011959 [Music]
CBftZHwlwsQ-00014-00011960-00012122 me
CBftZHwlwsQ-00015-00012123-00014086 [Music]
CBftZHwlwsQ-00016-00014087-00014369 foreign
CBftZHwlwsQ-00017-00014369-00014551 [Music]
CBftZHwlwsQ-00018-00014552-00015934 me
CBftZHwlwsQ-00019-00015935-00016366 [Music]
CBftZHwlwsQ-00020-00016368-00016503 ah
CBftZHwlwsQ-00021-00016504-00017383 [Music]
CBftZHwlwsQ-00022-00017384-00017542 me
CBftZHwlwsQ-00023-00017543-00018172 [Music]
CBftZHwlwsQ-00024-00018173-00018236 [Applause]
CBftZHwlwsQ-00025-00018237-00018340 [Music]
CBftZHwlwsQ-00026-00018341-00018599 [Applause]
CBftZHwlwsQ-00027-00018600-00018922 i like it
CBftZHwlwsQ-00028-00018923-00019350 [Music]
CBftZHwlwsQ-00029-00019351-00019414 [Applause]
CBftZHwlwsQ-00030-00019415-00021958 [Music]
CBftZHwlwsQ-00031-00021959-00022544 hmm
CBftZHwlwsQ-00032-00022545-00023127 [Music]
CBftZHwlwsQ-00033-00023128-00023379 um
CBftZHwlwsQ-00034-00023380-00024991 [Music]
CBftZHwlwsQ-00035-00024992-00025321 one more time
CBftZHwlwsQ-00036-00025322-00026727 [Music]
CBftZHwlwsQ-00037-00026727-00027288 um
CBftZHwlwsQ-00038-00027289-00028958 [Music]
CBftZHwlwsQ-00039-00028960-00029445 alright mom come bye
CBftZHwlwsQ-00040-00029447-00030055 [Music]
CBftZHwlwsQ-00041-00030056-00030826 uh
CBftZHwlwsQ-00042-00030827-00032062 [Music]
CBftZHwlwsQ-00043-00032063-00032214 and
CBftZHwlwsQ-00044-00032216-00032450 my head
CBftZHwlwsQ-00045-00032451-00034383 [Music]
CBftZHwlwsQ-00046-00034384-00034554 oh
CBftZHwlwsQ-00047-00034555-00036087 [Music]
CBftZHwlwsQ-00048-00036088-00037062 wait
CBftZHwlwsQ-00049-00037063-00037936 not
CBftZHwlwsQ-00050-00037937-00039151 [Music]
CBftZHwlwsQ-00051-00039152-00039639 foreign
CBftZHwlwsQ-00052-00039640-00039939 come on
CBftZHwlwsQ-00053-00039940-00041471 [Music]
CBftZHwlwsQ-00054-00041472-00041616 hmm
CBftZHwlwsQ-00055-00041617-00042951 [Music]
CBftZHwlwsQ-00056-00042952-00043237 hmm
CBftZHwlwsQ-00057-00043238-00043951 [Music]
CBftZHwlwsQ-00058-00043952-00045185 hmm
CBftZHwlwsQ-00059-00045186-00045871 [Music]
CBftZHwlwsQ-00060-00045872-00046183 uh
CBftZHwlwsQ-00062-00049816-00050024 you
CBJ8UfZf-aE-00000-00000048-00000703 [Music]
CBJ8UfZf-aE-00001-00000704-00001082 don't disagree I never felt this rust
CBJ8UfZf-aE-00002-00001083-00001817 before what sweet you barely mumbled
CBJ8UfZf-aE-00003-00001818-00002090 sorry you've gone through the entire
CBJ8UfZf-aE-00004-00002091-00002270 emotional arc in 15 seconds with no
CBJ8UfZf-aE-00005-00002271-00003029 visible motivation because you just met
CBJ8UfZf-aE-00006-00003030-00004109 him ha ha big pointless physical comedy
CBJ8UfZf-aE-00007-00004110-00004272 [Music]
CBJ8UfZf-aE-00008-00004273-00004766 glances when I saw and when we touch she
CBJ8UfZf-aE-00009-00004767-00005061 didn't set my part at least I don't
CBJ8UfZf-aE-00010-00005062-00005213 think she shot her I can't see anything
CBJ8UfZf-aE-00011-00005214-00005793 through this mask and me that way
CBJ8UfZf-aE-00012-00005794-00005927 he's never looked at you at all before
CBJ8UfZf-aE-00013-00005928-00006663 two minutes ago what's the expression on
CBJ8UfZf-aE-00014-00006664-00006752 your face
CBJ8UfZf-aE-00015-00006753-00007140 yeah this one this bit
CBJ8UfZf-aE-00016-00007141-00008021 [Music]
CBJ8UfZf-aE-00017-00008022-00010047 dude I'm like you in just five minutes
CBJ8UfZf-aE-00018-00010048-00010392 [Music]
CBJ8UfZf-aE-00019-00010393-00011113 like character motivation like shared
CBJ8UfZf-aE-00020-00011114-00011812 stage time like any semblance of plot
CBJ8UfZf-aE-00021-00011813-00012398 development
CBJ8UfZf-aE-00022-00012399-00012760 [Music]
CBJ8UfZf-aE-00023-00012761-00013037 okay one of the great fairytale romances
CBJ8UfZf-aE-00024-00013038-00013250 and he pulled the fake yawn
CBJ8UfZf-aE-00025-00013251-00015405 [Music]
CDZFX-124KU-00000-00000017-00000301 this boot camp takes you through several
CDZFX-124KU-00001-00000302-00000611 mathematical Concepts and techniques
CDZFX-124KU-00002-00000612-00000893 that you need in order to do the
CDZFX-124KU-00003-00000894-00001181 introduction to statistics course
CDZFX-124KU-00004-00001182-00001385 you may have already learned expected
CDZFX-124KU-00005-00001386-00001595 value in another course and now that you
CDZFX-124KU-00006-00001596-00001847 see weighted average using summation
CDZFX-124KU-00007-00001848-00002110 notation I think you can pretty clearly
CDZFX-124KU-00008-00002111-00002302 see that expected average is nothing
CDZFX-124KU-00009-00002303-00002584 more than a weighted average where the
CDZFX-124KU-00010-00002585-00002825 weights are the probabilities and the
CDZFX-124KU-00011-00002826-00003191 expected value is the long run average
CDZFX-124KU-00012-00003192-00003449 value of a random variable in other
CDZFX-124KU-00013-00003450-00003665 words it's the the mean of the random
CDZFX-124KU-00014-00003665-00003754 variable
CDZFX-124KU-00015-00003755-00003959 it's a weighted average of all the
CDZFX-124KU-00016-00003960-00004163 possible values that this random
CDZFX-124KU-00017-00004164-00004451 variable can take on but it's a weighted
CDZFX-124KU-00018-00004452-00004709 average now in the next slide we're
CDZFX-124KU-00019-00004710-00004936 going to be looking at an example of a
CDZFX-124KU-00020-00004937-00005122 particular of a business deal
CDZFX-124KU-00021-00005123-00005411 where we're analyzing it using expected
CDZFX-124KU-00022-00005412-00005579 value
CDZFX-124KU-00023-00005580-00005777 let's look at these two business deals
CDZFX-124KU-00024-00005778-00006047 business opportunity one we have a 20
CDZFX-124KU-00025-00006048-00006370 chance of making a million a 30 chance
CDZFX-124KU-00026-00006371-00006748 of making 500 000 and a 50 chance of
CDZFX-124KU-00027-00006750-00007084 making zero well you might analyze it
CDZFX-124KU-00028-00007086-00007348 through expected values see the way we
CDZFX-124KU-00029-00007350-00007642 symbolize expected value e the X in
CDZFX-124KU-00030-00007643-00007798 parentheses that's called the expected
CDZFX-124KU-00031-00007800-00008039 value of x and it turns out for this
CDZFX-124KU-00032-00008040-00008405 problem the expected value of x is 350
CDZFX-124KU-00033-00008406-00008531 000 dollars
CDZFX-124KU-00034-00008532-00008663 if you were able to do this business
CDZFX-124KU-00035-00008664-00008909 deal over and over again you'd average
CDZFX-124KU-00036-00008910-00009227 out making 350 000 of course you do it
CDZFX-124KU-00037-00009228-00009460 once you're not making 350 either making
CDZFX-124KU-00038-00009461-00009671 a million five hundred thousand a zero
CDZFX-124KU-00039-00009672-00009983 but the expected value which is a long
CDZFX-124KU-00040-00009984-00010249 run kind of probability
CDZFX-124KU-00041-00010250-00010456 this is what you'd expect to make if you
CDZFX-124KU-00042-00010457-00010691 keep doing this over and over again 350
CDZFX-124KU-00043-00010692-00010967 000 business opportunity two where
CDZFX-124KU-00044-00010968-00011242 there's a 15 chance of making 10 million
CDZFX-124KU-00045-00011243-00011609 a 10 chance of making 5 million and a 75
CDZFX-124KU-00046-00011610-00011867 chance of making zero the expected value
CDZFX-124KU-00047-00011868-00012364 turns out to be two million dollars
CDZFX-124KU-00048-00012365-00012581 when you toss a die this is going to
CDZFX-124KU-00049-00012582-00012785 shock you what is the expected value and
CDZFX-124KU-00050-00012786-00013013 I can get either a one a two a three a
CDZFX-124KU-00051-00013013-00013211 four a five or a six turns out
CDZFX-124KU-00052-00013212-00013511 mathematically the expected value is 3.5
CDZFX-124KU-00053-00013512-00013727 as you all know there's no way you're
CDZFX-124KU-00054-00013728-00014008 getting 3.5 if you do it once but if you
CDZFX-124KU-00055-00014009-00014188 keep doing it over and over again that's
CDZFX-124KU-00056-00014190-00014333 what it'll turn out to be on average
CDZFX-124KU-00057-00014334-00014536 that's called the expected value it's
CDZFX-124KU-00058-00014537-00014819 like a long run average so the expected
CDZFX-124KU-00059-00014819-00015238 value if you posted the I is 3.5
CDZFX-124KU-00060-00015240-00015455 and here you can see the logic if you
CDZFX-124KU-00061-00015456-00015653 keep doing this over and again
CDZFX-124KU-00062-00015654-00015886 posting that die you'll get as many ones
CDZFX-124KU-00063-00015887-00016108 as sixes that averages out to three and
CDZFX-124KU-00064-00016109-00016205 a half
CDZFX-124KU-00065-00016206-00016439 as many twos as fives so that averages
CDZFX-124KU-00066-00016440-00016619 out to three and a half you know but
CDZFX-124KU-00067-00016620-00016900 many threes as fours and that averages
CDZFX-124KU-00068-00016901-00017063 out to three and a half and that's
CDZFX-124KU-00069-00017064-00017291 logically why the expected value when
CDZFX-124KU-00070-00017292-00017519 you told us to die even once you're
CDZFX-124KU-00071-00017520-00017963 gonna say expected value is 3.5
CDZFX-124KU-00072-00017964-00018275 to find more boot camp modules uh visit
CDZFX-124KU-00073-00018276-00018586 the stat course at the URL you see there
CDZFX-124KU-00074-00018587-00018779 and
CDZFX-124KU-00075-00018780-00019072 um go to the navigation bar on the left
CDZFX-124KU-00076-00019073-00019391 click boot camp and you'll see all kinds
CDZFX-124KU-00077-00019392-00019829 of things that are uh good to do prior
CDZFX-124KU-00078-00019830-00020122 to the statistics course many of you
CDZFX-124KU-00079-00020123-00020357 have already done this before and maybe
CDZFX-124KU-00080-00020358-00020690 only need a refresher
CGAaKyyEA_4-00000-00000051-00000303 [Music]
CGAaKyyEA_4-00001-00000304-00000668 hey guys what's up welcome to another
CGAaKyyEA_4-00002-00000669-00001000 video from Ling Ling this video doesn't
CGAaKyyEA_4-00003-00001001-00001258 really have an actual purpose it's only
CGAaKyyEA_4-00004-00001259-00001516 to show you guys my new beautiful cheap
CGAaKyyEA_4-00005-00001517-00002462 home should I show you and yes I got a
CGAaKyyEA_4-00006-00002463-00003142 haircut as well I didn't want my hair to
CGAaKyyEA_4-00007-00003143-00003494 be cut that much but the hairdresser was
CGAaKyyEA_4-00008-00003495-00003893 kind of tired that evening and he wanted
CGAaKyyEA_4-00009-00003894-00004156 to just finish up suit and fast so I
CGAaKyyEA_4-00010-00004157-00004460 yeah he just kept cutting and I took off
CGAaKyyEA_4-00011-00004461-00004601 my glasses I couldn't really see it
CGAaKyyEA_4-00012-00004602-00004654 clearly
CGAaKyyEA_4-00013-00004655-00005090 and afterwards I was just like what
CGAaKyyEA_4-00014-00005091-00005213 where's my hair
CGAaKyyEA_4-00015-00005214-00005633 yeah so it's gone but it's okay I'm
CGAaKyyEA_4-00016-00005634-00005779 getting used to it and it's growing out
CGAaKyyEA_4-00017-00005780-00005831 anyway
CGAaKyyEA_4-00018-00005832-00006116 so whatever anyways I bought this
CGAaKyyEA_4-00019-00006117-00006334 beautiful top out at out out out out
CGAaKyyEA_4-00020-00006335-00006748 what I bought this beautiful cheap house
CGAaKyyEA_4-00021-00006750-00007148 from Taobao there we go um I want to put
CGAaKyyEA_4-00022-00007148-00007355 a link below of course if you guys
CGAaKyyEA_4-00023-00007356-00007730 interested I love the cheapo but I don't
CGAaKyyEA_4-00024-00007731-00007973 like the fabric and the fabric because
CGAaKyyEA_4-00025-00007973-00008267 the fabric is like really you can't
CGAaKyyEA_4-00026-00008268-00008449 stretch it so you literally cannot
CGAaKyyEA_4-00027-00008450-00008617 breathe when you because it's going all
CGAaKyyEA_4-00028-00008618-00008924 this way up here in your throat like
CGAaKyyEA_4-00029-00008925-00009284 here so if you sit down it's gonna be
CGAaKyyEA_4-00030-00009285-00009703 like like this is that make sense so I
CGAaKyyEA_4-00031-00009704-00009881 really love this gun this one because
CGAaKyyEA_4-00032-00009882-00010127 it's like made of this velvet thing and
CGAaKyyEA_4-00033-00010128-00010337 it's so much nicer and more comfortable
CGAaKyyEA_4-00034-00010338-00010673 to wear and it's stretchy and I can
CGAaKyyEA_4-00035-00010674-00010958 breathe and I can fit it so that's great
CGAaKyyEA_4-00036-00010959-00011263 I was looking on top out for like bigger
CGAaKyyEA_4-00037-00011264-00011555 sizes because the cheap how usually is
CGAaKyyEA_4-00038-00011556-00011764 like really small size the average size
CGAaKyyEA_4-00039-00011765-00011981 is really small but I found this one for
CGAaKyyEA_4-00040-00011982-00012532 big ie fat auntie or fat Mimi
CGAaKyyEA_4-00041-00012533-00012850 and and it was it was like it's not that
CGAaKyyEA_4-00042-00012851-00013021 pricey and I really really love this
CGAaKyyEA_4-00043-00013022-00013210 dress so anyways I actually bought it
CGAaKyyEA_4-00044-00013211-00013441 before I knew what I was going to do for
CGAaKyyEA_4-00045-00013441-00013641 Chinese New Year and I think I tell some
CGAaKyyEA_4-00046-00013643-00013750 of you guys that I was not doing
CGAaKyyEA_4-00047-00013751-00014080 anything for trying to sue your but yeah
CGAaKyyEA_4-00048-00014081-00014362 yeah I'm a very spontaneous person and I
CGAaKyyEA_4-00049-00014363-00014599 had a bad day and then I looked at my we
CGAaKyyEA_4-00050-00014600-00014977 chat do-do-do-do-do and one girl one of
CGAaKyyEA_4-00051-00014978-00015259 my friends that I met in Denmark she
CGAaKyyEA_4-00052-00015260-00015565 said oh I'm coming home soon where are
CGAaKyyEA_4-00053-00015566-00015805 you and I was like I'm in Beijing and
CGAaKyyEA_4-00054-00015806-00016119 she was like hey what about you coming
CGAaKyyEA_4-00055-00016121-00016360 to Jang and set up Red Chinese New Year
CGAaKyyEA_4-00056-00016361-00016504 with me and my family and I was like
CGAaKyyEA_4-00057-00016505-00016951 well you know why not so I checked the
CGAaKyyEA_4-00058-00016952-00017140 tickets and you were not too expensive
CGAaKyyEA_4-00059-00017141-00017425 because I'm gonna fly out on Chinese New
CGAaKyyEA_4-00060-00017426-00017776 Year the day like the evening which
CGAaKyyEA_4-00061-00017777-00018031 means that nobody is flying out on that
CGAaKyyEA_4-00062-00018032-00018220 day so the prices were really low and I
CGAaKyyEA_4-00063-00018221-00018349 was like it doesn't really matter for me
CGAaKyyEA_4-00064-00018350-00018589 if I come like the day before after
CGAaKyyEA_4-00065-00018590-00018730 Chinese New Year I just want to go and
CGAaKyyEA_4-00066-00018731-00018892 see my friend and her family and
CGAaKyyEA_4-00067-00018893-00019087 everything so I'm gonna fly to Hangzhou
CGAaKyyEA_4-00068-00019088-00019267 and then from Hangzhou I'm gonna take I
CGAaKyyEA_4-00069-00019268-00019494 don't know train a bus maybe to this
CGAaKyyEA_4-00070-00019495-00019675 small town where my friend is coming
CGAaKyyEA_4-00071-00019676-00019876 from and I'm gonna go and see her family
CGAaKyyEA_4-00072-00019877-00020047 and if you guys want to follow please
CGAaKyyEA_4-00073-00020048-00020158 let me know because then it might make
CGAaKyyEA_4-00074-00020159-00020469 some video from there and then I'm gonna
CGAaKyyEA_4-00075-00020470-00020614 go back to Hangzhou to meet one of my
CGAaKyyEA_4-00076-00020615-00020862 blogger friends speaking of China
CGAaKyyEA_4-00077-00020863-00021214 dot-com Jocelyn I'm really excited to
CGAaKyyEA_4-00078-00021215-00021367 meet her she's been a great support
CGAaKyyEA_4-00079-00021368-00021568 every time I needed her and when I talk
CGAaKyyEA_4-00080-00021569-00021760 to her she's just she seems amazing
CGAaKyyEA_4-00081-00021761-00022021 online so I assume she's amazing offline
CGAaKyyEA_4-00082-00022022-00022267 as well so I'm gonna go and crash on her
CGAaKyyEA_4-00083-00022268-00022507 couch for a few days and see her and
CGAaKyyEA_4-00084-00022508-00022777 talk to her and her husband and explore
CGAaKyyEA_4-00085-00022778-00022915 a little bit of Hangzhou and then I'm
CGAaKyyEA_4-00086-00022916-00023065 gonna go to Shanghai to meet another
CGAaKyyEA_4-00087-00023066-00023380 youtuber shoutout to hungry I think
CGAaKyyEA_4-00088-00023381-00023644 that's how you say we're probably gonna
CGAaKyyEA_4-00089-00023645-00023905 do something together and then I am
CGAaKyyEA_4-00090-00023906-00024181 going to this is kind of random I'm
CGAaKyyEA_4-00091-00024182-00024469 going to this really small countryside
CGAaKyyEA_4-00092-00024470-00024769 town I think I didn't really check it up
CGAaKyyEA_4-00093-00024770-00024904 yet but anyway look it up yet but
CGAaKyyEA_4-00094-00024905-00025282 anyways the story is like this I came to
CGAaKyyEA_4-00095-00025283-00025558 China in 2011 and in 12 I wanted to stay
CGAaKyyEA_4-00096-00025559-00025602 for two
CGAaKyyEA_4-00097-00025602-00025883 months so when I extended this day I
CGAaKyyEA_4-00098-00025885-00026067 said with Chinese family in the suburbs
CGAaKyyEA_4-00099-00026068-00026375 of Beijing which is really boring and
CGAaKyyEA_4-00100-00026376-00026568 you know the internet is not always
CGAaKyyEA_4-00101-00026569-00026874 working and wife the VPN is kind of slow
CGAaKyyEA_4-00102-00026875-00027192 so I was really bored a lot of the time
CGAaKyyEA_4-00103-00027193-00027504 out there and I talked to one of the
CGAaKyyEA_4-00104-00027505-00027750 security guards and nearby my house and
CGAaKyyEA_4-00105-00027751-00027945 I would go and see him and we would sit
CGAaKyyEA_4-00106-00027945-00028206 and like study together or he was just
CGAaKyyEA_4-00107-00028207-00028386 there and I like my Chinese was really
CGAaKyyEA_4-00108-00028387-00028602 bad but anyways I took him to Tiananmen
CGAaKyyEA_4-00109-00028602-00028800 Square to see Mao and he was really
CGAaKyyEA_4-00110-00028801-00029168 excited so that was really cool and and
CGAaKyyEA_4-00111-00029169-00029420 then I didn't talk to him for five years
CGAaKyyEA_4-00112-00029422-00029697 but then suddenly one guy and one day a
CGAaKyyEA_4-00113-00029698-00029970 guy he added me on WeChat and I was like
CGAaKyyEA_4-00114-00029970-00030138 I don't know who you are and he kept
CGAaKyyEA_4-00115-00030139-00030285 talking like yeah you know you know you
CGAaKyyEA_4-00116-00030286-00030432 know and I was like I don't know and
CGAaKyyEA_4-00117-00030433-00030744 then in the end suddenly it came to me
CGAaKyyEA_4-00118-00030745-00031020 and I was like you are the security
CGAaKyyEA_4-00119-00031020-00031233 guard from that time in Beijing I
CGAaKyyEA_4-00120-00031233-00031461 remember so he asked me if I wanted to
CGAaKyyEA_4-00121-00031462-00031644 come and visit where he's working right
CGAaKyyEA_4-00122-00031645-00031920 now I think he started a restaurant it R
CGAaKyyEA_4-00123-00031920-00032202 if I remember correctly so I will go
CGAaKyyEA_4-00124-00032202-00032349 there and say hello to him and his wife
CGAaKyyEA_4-00125-00032350-00032538 he got married and had a baby
CGAaKyyEA_4-00126-00032539-00032745 sadly the babies with the parents in his
CGAaKyyEA_4-00127-00032745-00032961 hometown but I'm gonna go see him and
CGAaKyyEA_4-00128-00032962-00033194 the wife and that's gonna be really
CGAaKyyEA_4-00129-00033195-00033618 interesting I think I haven't seen him
CGAaKyyEA_4-00130-00033619-00033906 for a hundred years but anyways yeah and
CGAaKyyEA_4-00131-00033907-00034044 then I'm gonna go back to Shanghai and
CGAaKyyEA_4-00132-00034045-00034329 then fly out I fly back to Beijing so
CGAaKyyEA_4-00133-00034330-00034503 that's gonna be interesting again
CGAaKyyEA_4-00134-00034504-00034665 interesting interesting interesting it
CGAaKyyEA_4-00135-00034666-00034863 is I hope it is gonna be interesting or
CGAaKyyEA_4-00136-00034864-00035121 not well maybe no no it will be
CGAaKyyEA_4-00137-00035122-00035424 interesting and and just a few days
CGAaKyyEA_4-00138-00035425-00035652 later migrate me is gonna come it's
CGAaKyyEA_4-00139-00035653-00035862 gonna be so exciting we're gonna go and
CGAaKyyEA_4-00140-00035863-00036180 travel together I'm probably gonna wear
CGAaKyyEA_4-00141-00036181-00036582 my cheap huh maybe not but I would like
CGAaKyyEA_4-00142-00036583-00037170 to it's very cold it's very cold but you
CGAaKyyEA_4-00143-00037171-00037386 know if you're happy we care about the
CGAaKyyEA_4-00144-00037387-00037584 coat no fashion because I should stop
CGAaKyyEA_4-00145-00037585-00037764 talking anyways I just wanted to show
CGAaKyyEA_4-00146-00037765-00037983 you guys my cheap oh here I'm gonna
CGAaKyyEA_4-00147-00037984-00038229 take by the way if you're wondering
CGAaKyyEA_4-00148-00038230-00038667 where I am I am just in our forgotten
CGAaKyyEA_4-00149-00038668-00038913 restaurant here oh I'm wearing my
CGAaKyyEA_4-00150-00038914-00039198 slippers darling I did bring my shoes
CGAaKyyEA_4-00151-00039199-00039601 but I forgot to change awkward anyways
CGAaKyyEA_4-00152-00039602-00040132 well the lighting is insane anyways guys
CGAaKyyEA_4-00153-00040133-00040344 thank you for watching this little video
CGAaKyyEA_4-00154-00040345-00040908 about my cheapo happy Chinese New Year
CGAaKyyEA_4-00155-00040909-00041220 and I'll see you very very soon again
CGAaKyyEA_4-00156-00041221-00041418 have a nice evening wherever you are in
CGAaKyyEA_4-00157-00041419-00041548 the world Ling nice I'll see ya inside
CGAaKyyEA_4-00158-00041549-00041804 en MA but I
CGAaKyyEA_4-00159-00041805-00042418 [Music]
CJlJ3JvW7Eo-00000-00000017-00000265 this is a full list of all the countries
CJlJ3JvW7Eo-00001-00000266-00000476 by the Human Development Index as
CJlJ3JvW7Eo-00002-00000476-00000703 included in a United Nations development
CJlJ3JvW7Eo-00003-00000704-00000919 programs Human Development Report the
CJlJ3JvW7Eo-00004-00000919-00001190 latest report was released on the 14th
CJlJ3JvW7Eo-00005-00001191-00001448 of September 2018 and is based on data
CJlJ3JvW7Eo-00006-00001449-00001757 collected in 2017 in the 2010 human
CJlJ3JvW7Eo-00007-00001757-00001976 development report a further inequality
CJlJ3JvW7Eo-00008-00001977-00002242 adjusted Human Development Index IH di
CJlJ3JvW7Eo-00009-00002243-00002531 was introduced it stated that while the
CJlJ3JvW7Eo-00010-00002532-00002864 HDI remains useful the AI HDI is the
CJlJ3JvW7Eo-00011-00002865-00003041 actual level of human development
CJlJ3JvW7Eo-00012-00003042-00003476 accounting for an equality and the HDI
CJlJ3JvW7Eo-00013-00003477-00003785 can be viewed as an index ax potential
CJlJ3JvW7Eo-00014-00003786-00004097 human development or the maximum IH di
CJlJ3JvW7Eo-00015-00004098-00004292 that could be achieved if there were no
CJlJ3JvW7Eo-00016-00004293-00004643 inequality the index does not take into
CJlJ3JvW7Eo-00017-00004644-00004861 account several factors such as the net
CJlJ3JvW7Eo-00018-00004862-00005033 wealth per capita or the relative
CJlJ3JvW7Eo-00019-00005034-00005285 quality of goods in a country this
CJlJ3JvW7Eo-00020-00005286-00005497 situation tends to lower the ranking for
CJlJ3JvW7Eo-00021-00005498-00005693 some of the most advanced countries such
CJlJ3JvW7Eo-00022-00005694-00006168 as the g7 members and others
CJlJ3JvW7Eo-00023-00006169-00006703 topic methodology
CJlJ3JvW7Eo-00024-00006704-00007145 topic the Human Development Index HDI is
CJlJ3JvW7Eo-00025-00007145-00007394 a composite statistic of life expectancy
CJlJ3JvW7Eo-00026-00007395-00007562 education and income per capita
CJlJ3JvW7Eo-00027-00007563-00007916 indicators a country scores higher HDI
CJlJ3JvW7Eo-00028-00007917-00008131 when the life expectancy at birth is
CJlJ3JvW7Eo-00029-00008132-00008363 longer the education period is longer
CJlJ3JvW7Eo-00030-00008364-00008630 and the income per capita is higher it
CJlJ3JvW7Eo-00031-00008631-00008788 is used to distinguish whether the
CJlJ3JvW7Eo-00032-00008789-00008995 country is a developed a developing or
CJlJ3JvW7Eo-00033-00008996-00009274 an underdeveloped country the index was
CJlJ3JvW7Eo-00034-00009275-00009571 developed in 1990 by Pakistani economist
CJlJ3JvW7Eo-00035-00009572-00009785 ma blob Alec and Indian economist
CJlJ3JvW7Eo-00036-00009786-00010228 Amartya Sen the UN report covers 187
CJlJ3JvW7Eo-00037-00010229-00010430 member states of the United Nations out
CJlJ3JvW7Eo-00038-00010431-00010753 of 193 along with Hongkong and Palestine
CJlJ3JvW7Eo-00039-00010754-00010991 seven UN member states are not included
CJlJ3JvW7Eo-00040-00010992-00011291 because of lack of data the average HDI
CJlJ3JvW7Eo-00041-00011292-00011477 of regions of the world in groups of
CJlJ3JvW7Eo-00042-00011478-00011644 countries are also included for
CJlJ3JvW7Eo-00043-00011645-00011941 comparison countries fall into four
CJlJ3JvW7Eo-00044-00011942-00012178 broad human development categories very
CJlJ3JvW7Eo-00045-00012179-00012370 high human development high human
CJlJ3JvW7Eo-00046-00012371-00012595 development medium human development and
CJlJ3JvW7Eo-00047-00012596-00012880 low human development because of the new
CJlJ3JvW7Eo-00048-00012881-00013150 methodology adopted since the 2010 human
CJlJ3JvW7Eo-00049-00013151-00013387 development report the new reported HDI
CJlJ3JvW7Eo-00050-00013388-00013591 figures appear lower than the HDI
CJlJ3JvW7Eo-00051-00013593-00014005 figures in previous reports from 2007 to
CJlJ3JvW7Eo-00052-00014006-00014249 2010 the first category was referred to
CJlJ3JvW7Eo-00053-00014250-00014437 as developed countries and the last
CJlJ3JvW7Eo-00054-00014438-00014600 three are all grouped in developing
CJlJ3JvW7Eo-00055-00014601-00014897 countries the original high human
CJlJ3JvW7Eo-00056-00014897-00015169 development category has been split into
CJlJ3JvW7Eo-00057-00015170-00015553 two as above in the report for 2007 some
CJlJ3JvW7Eo-00058-00015554-00015769 older groupings hype medium low-income
CJlJ3JvW7Eo-00059-00015770-00015962 countries that were based on the gross
CJlJ3JvW7Eo-00060-00015963-00016231 domestic product GDP in purchasing power
CJlJ3JvW7Eo-00061-00016232-00016528 parity PPP per capita have been replaced
CJlJ3JvW7Eo-00062-00016529-00016715 by another index based on the gross
CJlJ3JvW7Eo-00063-00016716-00016969 national income gni in purchasing power
CJlJ3JvW7Eo-00064-00016970-00017399 parity per capita
CJlJ3JvW7Eo-00065-00017400-00018048 topic frequency of issuing the index
CJlJ3JvW7Eo-00066-00018049-00018390 topic the first index was launched in
CJlJ3JvW7Eo-00067-00018391-00018627 1990 and the only year without a human
CJlJ3JvW7Eo-00068-00018628-00018941 development report since 1990 was 2012
CJlJ3JvW7Eo-00069-00018942-00019356 the latest index covering 189 countries
CJlJ3JvW7Eo-00070-00019357-00019620 was launched on the 14th of September
CJlJ3JvW7Eo-00071-00019621-00020005 2018
CJlJ3JvW7Eo-00072-00020006-00020597 topic complete list of countries
CJlJ3JvW7Eo-00073-00020598-00021121 topic equals increase equals steady
CJlJ3JvW7Eo-00074-00021122-00021585 equals decrease
CJlJ3JvW7Eo-00075-00021586-00022157 topic very high human development
CJlJ3JvW7Eo-00076-00022158-00022526 topic
CJlJ3JvW7Eo-00077-00022527-00023062 topic high human development
CJlJ3JvW7Eo-00078-00023063-00023433 topic
CJlJ3JvW7Eo-00079-00023434-00023974 topic medium human development
CJlJ3JvW7Eo-00080-00023975-00024350 topic
CJlJ3JvW7Eo-00081-00024351-00024879 topic low human development
CJlJ3JvW7Eo-00082-00024880-00025273 topic
CJlJ3JvW7Eo-00083-00025274-00025893 topic list of countries by continent
CJlJ3JvW7Eo-00084-00025894-00026258 topic
CJlJ3JvW7Eo-00085-00026258-00026726 topic Africa
CJlJ3JvW7Eo-00086-00026727-00027093 topic
CJlJ3JvW7Eo-00087-00027094-00027552 topic Asia
CJlJ3JvW7Eo-00088-00027554-00027920 topic
CJlJ3JvW7Eo-00089-00027920-00028376 topic Europe
CJlJ3JvW7Eo-00090-00028377-00028752 topic
CJlJ3JvW7Eo-00091-00028754-00029335 topic North America and the Caribbean
CJlJ3JvW7Eo-00092-00029336-00029708 topic
CJlJ3JvW7Eo-00093-00029710-00030193 topic Oceania
CJlJ3JvW7Eo-00094-00030194-00030561 topic
CJlJ3JvW7Eo-00095-00030562-00031072 topic South America
CJlJ3JvW7Eo-00096-00031073-00031464 topic
CJlJ3JvW7Eo-00097-00031464-00031682 topic list of countries by
CJlJ3JvW7Eo-00098-00031683-00032158 intercontinental region
CJlJ3JvW7Eo-00099-00032158-00032526 topic
CJlJ3JvW7Eo-00100-00032527-00033007 topic Arab League
CJlJ3JvW7Eo-00101-00033008-00033378 topic
CJlJ3JvW7Eo-00102-00033379-00033922 topic Commonwealth of Nations
CJlJ3JvW7Eo-00103-00033923-00034297 topic
CJlJ3JvW7Eo-00104-00034298-00034862 topic East Asia in the Pacific
CJlJ3JvW7Eo-00105-00034863-00035230 topic
CJlJ3JvW7Eo-00106-00035231-00035746 topic European Union
CJlJ3JvW7Eo-00107-00035747-00036123 topic
CJlJ3JvW7Eo-00108-00036124-00036642 topic Oh II CD
CJlJ3JvW7Eo-00109-00036643-00037039 topic
CJlJ3JvW7Eo-00110-00037040-00037707 Topic HDI by regions and groups
CJlJ3JvW7Eo-00111-00037708-00038097 topic
CJlJ3JvW7Eo-00112-00038098-00038352 topic country's missing from latest
CJlJ3JvW7Eo-00113-00038353-00038740 report
CJlJ3JvW7Eo-00114-00038741-00039172 topic note the 2009 publication uses an
CJlJ3JvW7Eo-00115-00039173-00039397 older version of the HDI formula and
CJlJ3JvW7Eo-00116-00039398-00039706 classification standard the ranges are 0
CJlJ3JvW7Eo-00117-00039707-00040273 to 0.499 for low HDI 0.500 to zero point
CJlJ3JvW7Eo-00118-00040274-00040540 seven nine nine for medium HDI zero
CJlJ3JvW7Eo-00119-00040541-00040756 point eight zero zero to zero point
CJlJ3JvW7Eo-00120-00040757-00040993 eight nine nine for high HDI and greater
CJlJ3JvW7Eo-00121-00040994-00041236 than zero point nine zero zero for very
CJlJ3JvW7Eo-00122-00041237-00041509 high HDI
CJui6igdBYQ-00000-00000018-00001033 [Music]
CJui6igdBYQ-00001-00001034-00001391 Everything feels so UPS right yeah it's
CJui6igdBYQ-00002-00001392-00001496 complicated
CJui6igdBYQ-00003-00001497-00002507 [Music]
CJui6igdBYQ-00004-00002508-00003932 [Music]
CJui6igdBYQ-00005-00003933-00004597 [Music]
CJui6igdBYQ-00006-00004598-00005205 the lies
CJui6igdBYQ-00007-00005206-00006610 [Music]
CJui6igdBYQ-00008-00006611-00006672 thank you
CJui6igdBYQ-00009-00006673-00007103 [Music]
CJui6igdBYQ-00010-00007104-00007223 thank you
CJui6igdBYQ-00011-00007223-00007409 baby
CJui6igdBYQ-00012-00007409-00010348 [Music]
CJui6igdBYQ-00013-00010349-00011633 [Music]
CJui6igdBYQ-00014-00011634-00012068 even if I can't deny that all the things
CJui6igdBYQ-00015-00012069-00014266 [Music]
CJui6igdBYQ-00016-00014266-00015515 [Music]
CJui6igdBYQ-00017-00015516-00015738 baby
CJui6igdBYQ-00018-00015740-00018140 [Music]
CJui6igdBYQ-00019-00018141-00019147 [Music]
CJui6igdBYQ-00020-00019148-00019511 Everything feels so abstract it's
CJui6igdBYQ-00021-00019512-00019881 complicated
CJui6igdBYQ-00022-00019882-00020119 [Music]
CJui6igdBYQ-00023-00020120-00020605 I don't know what to do anymore
CJui6igdBYQ-00024-00020606-00021291 can't you just make up your mind
CJui6igdBYQ-00025-00021292-00022054 [Music]
CJui6igdBYQ-00026-00022055-00022247 [Music]
CJui6igdBYQ-00027-00022248-00022806 baby
CJui6igdBYQ-00028-00022807-00024371 [Music]
CJui6igdBYQ-00029-00024372-00024552 baby
CJui6igdBYQ-00030-00024553-00025042 [Music]
CJui6igdBYQ-00031-00025043-00025391 life goes up and it goes down
CJui6igdBYQ-00032-00025392-00025690 I know my mom taught me that I figured
CJui6igdBYQ-00033-00025691-00026087 why we fool around so little and we keep
CJui6igdBYQ-00034-00026088-00026467 track of time being so serious
CJui6igdBYQ-00035-00026468-00026837 idiots thinking it will matter keep me
CJui6igdBYQ-00036-00026838-00027107 company Downtown
CJui6igdBYQ-00037-00027108-00027545 before the clock runs out the sun is
CJui6igdBYQ-00038-00027545-00028062 shining but the rain is
CJui6igdBYQ-00039-00028063-00028567 not on my mind but then it's here
CJui6igdBYQ-00040-00028568-00028907 [Music]
CJui6igdBYQ-00041-00028908-00029212 All Things Must Pass
CJui6igdBYQ-00042-00029213-00029608 but I'm not gonna wake up wake up
CJui6igdBYQ-00043-00029610-00029867 I'm not ready let me have another day
CJui6igdBYQ-00044-00029868-00030293 don't wake up wake up keep it steady
CJui6igdBYQ-00045-00030294-00030522 cause I'm happy
CJui6igdBYQ-00046-00030523-00031840 [Music]
CJui6igdBYQ-00047-00031841-00032117 they keep saying I'll be fine but how
CJui6igdBYQ-00048-00032118-00032405 you know that I'll be there
CJui6igdBYQ-00049-00032406-00032812 when it feels like I'm lying every time
CJui6igdBYQ-00050-00032813-00033125 someone asked how it goes
CJui6igdBYQ-00051-00033126-00034183 [Music]
CJui6igdBYQ-00052-00034184-00034529 and nearby don't need another view time
CJui6igdBYQ-00053-00034530-00034846 is not on my mind but then it's you oh I
CJui6igdBYQ-00054-00034847-00035068 love it when the love comes around and
CJui6igdBYQ-00055-00035069-00035311 then I Remember
CJui6igdBYQ-00056-00035312-00035639 All Things Must Pass
CJui6igdBYQ-00057-00035640-00036107 but I'm not gonna wake up wake up I'm
CJui6igdBYQ-00058-00036108-00036346 not ready let me have another day don't
CJui6igdBYQ-00059-00036347-00036779 wake up wake up keep it steady cause I'm
CJui6igdBYQ-00060-00036780-00036967 happy
CJui6igdBYQ-00061-00036968-00038527 [Music]
CJui6igdBYQ-00062-00038528-00039011 don't wake up wake up keep it steady
CJui6igdBYQ-00063-00039012-00039280 cause I'm happy
CJui6igdBYQ-00064-00039281-00039659 up wake up I'm not ready let me have
CJui6igdBYQ-00065-00039660-00040219 another day don't wake up wake up
CJui6igdBYQ-00066-00040220-00040840 [Music]
CJui6igdBYQ-00067-00040841-00041967 early
CJui6igdBYQ-00068-00041968-00042396 [Music]
CJui6igdBYQ-00069-00042397-00042623 so young
CJui6igdBYQ-00070-00042624-00042768 foreign
CJui6igdBYQ-00072-00047634-00048162 hello
CJui6igdBYQ-00073-00048163-00050543 [Music]
CJui6igdBYQ-00074-00050544-00051081 yeah yeah yeah baby
CJui6igdBYQ-00075-00051082-00052799 [Music]
CJui6igdBYQ-00076-00052800-00053830 [Applause]
CJui6igdBYQ-00077-00053832-00054132 foreign
CLMAodibIjo-00000-00000967-00001183 i heard the daughter is so distraught
CLMAodibIjo-00001-00001184-00001491 she's refusing to leave her rooms so
CLMAodibIjo-00002-00001492-00001830 exciting scandalous no doubt isabelle is
CLMAodibIjo-00003-00001832-00002126 beside herself poor girls
CLMAodibIjo-00004-00002127-00002510 huh
CLMAodibIjo-00005-00002511-00002710 what brings you to our tourney grounds
CLMAodibIjo-00006-00002711-00002871 here at castle
CLMAodibIjo-00007-00002872-00003015 never mind that have you heard the
CLMAodibIjo-00008-00003016-00003254 latest the night commander has offered
CLMAodibIjo-00009-00003255-00003438 her daughter's hand in marriage to the
CLMAodibIjo-00010-00003439-00003638 sapphire attorney winner
CLMAodibIjo-00011-00003639-00004359 everyone's aghast
CLMAodibIjo-00012-00004360-00004631 well aurelia has been the most desirable
CLMAodibIjo-00013-00004632-00004911 hand on high isle for years but no one
CLMAodibIjo-00014-00004912-00005143 thought she'd ever commit to a match
CLMAodibIjo-00015-00005144-00005599 seems the commander has forced the issue
CLMAodibIjo-00016-00005600-00005822 oh no well that would be a slap in the
CLMAodibIjo-00017-00005823-00006063 face to her mother and aurelia is such a
CLMAodibIjo-00018-00006064-00006206 good girl
CLMAodibIjo-00019-00006207-00006470 more scandal her friend isabelle is a
CLMAodibIjo-00020-00006472-00006727 participant in the tourney she's sworn
CLMAodibIjo-00021-00006728-00006903 to free aurelia from her mother's
CLMAodibIjo-00022-00006904-00007142 promise i can't wait to find out what
CLMAodibIjo-00023-00007143-00007351 happens uh-huh
CLMAodibIjo-00024-00007352-00007559 if you help isabelle win the tournament
CLMAodibIjo-00025-00007559-00007798 she could agree to marry aurelia then
CLMAodibIjo-00026-00007800-00008031 free her from the shortest engagement in
CLMAodibIjo-00027-00008031-00009806 history delicious
CLMAodibIjo-00028-00009807-00011774 b
CLMAodibIjo-00029-00011775-00011927 don't worry sweetheart i'll figure
CLMAodibIjo-00030-00011928-00012046 something out
CLMAodibIjo-00031-00012047-00012542 i always do
CLMAodibIjo-00032-00012543-00012767 i'm sorry this isn't the best time my
CLMAodibIjo-00033-00012768-00012999 friend aurelia has a bit of a problem
CLMAodibIjo-00034-00013000-00013158 her mother has promised her hand in
CLMAodibIjo-00035-00013159-00013430 marriage and i need to get her out of it
CLMAodibIjo-00036-00013431-00013663 somehow
CLMAodibIjo-00037-00013663-00013958 actually you look quite capable
CLMAodibIjo-00038-00013959-00014279 would you mind lending me a hand
CLMAodibIjo-00039-00014280-00014615 apologies my name is isabelle veloir i'm
CLMAodibIjo-00040-00014616-00014838 an aspirant in the sapphire attorney a
CLMAodibIjo-00041-00014840-00015015 proving ground for squires looking to
CLMAodibIjo-00042-00015016-00015191 join the nightly orders
CLMAodibIjo-00043-00015191-00015422 aurelia's mother is night commander and
CLMAodibIjo-00044-00015423-00015527 um
CLMAodibIjo-00045-00015528-00015766 brashly offered her daughter's hand as a
CLMAodibIjo-00046-00015768-00015919 prize
CLMAodibIjo-00047-00015919-00016150 well normally aspirants only compete in
CLMAodibIjo-00048-00016151-00016447 one of the trials if i can win all three
CLMAodibIjo-00049-00016448-00016622 the night commander will be compelled to
CLMAodibIjo-00050-00016623-00016871 grant a boon of my choosing i can free
CLMAodibIjo-00051-00016872-00017103 aurelia from her mother's promise
CLMAodibIjo-00052-00017104-00017367 what do you say will you be my second
CLMAodibIjo-00053-00017368-00017615 the eight must have me in their hearts
CLMAodibIjo-00054-00017616-00017847 my second just left my service and here
CLMAodibIjo-00055-00017848-00018111 i was thinking i'd have to do it alone
CLMAodibIjo-00056-00018112-00018327 all right there are three nightly orders
CLMAodibIjo-00057-00018328-00018583 here on the isle let's decide what task
CLMAodibIjo-00058-00018584-00018783 to tackle first
CLMAodibIjo-00059-00018784-00018975 the people of the sisters take pride in
CLMAodibIjo-00060-00018976-00019175 our knights the same as anywhere in high
CLMAodibIjo-00061-00019176-00019439 rock the sapphire attorney hosts three
CLMAodibIjo-00062-00019440-00019799 orders the iron knot the oaken order and
CLMAodibIjo-00063-00019800-00020111 the order of the albatross
CLMAodibIjo-00064-00020112-00020335 they're martial warriors and excellent a
CLMAodibIjo-00065-00020336-00020575 horse you might say the iron knot is the
CLMAodibIjo-00066-00020576-00020855 most traditional of the sapphire orders
CLMAodibIjo-00067-00020856-00021055 our trial will be to find the hilt from
CLMAodibIjo-00068-00021056-00021278 a lost sword called red heart
CLMAodibIjo-00069-00021279-00021463 it was the blade of the first duke
CLMAodibIjo-00070-00021464-00021607 dufort
CLMAodibIjo-00071-00021608-00021783 somewhere on these lands before they
CLMAodibIjo-00072-00021784-00021999 belonged to the dew forts the hilt
CLMAodibIjo-00073-00022000-00022239 supposedly had a massive rough cut ruby
CLMAodibIjo-00074-00022240-00022447 in it should be easy to spot
CLMAodibIjo-00075-00022448-00022671 my last squire burjo suggested we hit
CLMAodibIjo-00076-00022672-00022847 the castle library to get an idea of
CLMAodibIjo-00077-00022848-00023055 where to start looking
CLMAodibIjo-00078-00023056-00023222 ain't above help me
CLMAodibIjo-00079-00023223-00023463 they're artists and sailors singers
CLMAodibIjo-00080-00023464-00023655 bards and pirates all
CLMAodibIjo-00081-00023656-00023871 brave swashbuckling warriors that make
CLMAodibIjo-00082-00023872-00024663 you recite poetry
CLMAodibIjo-00083-00024664-00024911 no thankfully our trial will be to
CLMAodibIjo-00084-00024912-00025086 reclaim the gilded loot of captain
CLMAodibIjo-00085-00025087-00025319 brenvale the story goes that he went
CLMAodibIjo-00086-00025320-00025519 down into the castle crips years ago
CLMAodibIjo-00087-00025520-00025774 hoping to use song and steel to subdue a
CLMAodibIjo-00088-00025775-00025902 spirit
CLMAodibIjo-00089-00025904-00026302 he never returned
CLMAodibIjo-00090-00026304-00026518 oaken knights tend to be battle mages
CLMAodibIjo-00091-00026519-00026799 conjurers and support spellcasters their
CLMAodibIjo-00092-00026800-00026990 power stems from high isle strong
CLMAodibIjo-00093-00026991-00027207 tradition of druidic magic
CLMAodibIjo-00094-00027208-00027423 our trial will be to convince an elder
CLMAodibIjo-00095-00027424-00027646 to give us a staff a symbol of their
CLMAodibIjo-00096-00027647-00027774 order
CLMAodibIjo-00097-00027775-00027902 i'm guessing it won't be that
CLMAodibIjo-00098-00027904-00028135 straightforward but who knows
CLMAodibIjo-00099-00028136-00028287 there's a way shrine near the coral
CLMAodibIjo-00100-00028288-00028462 river to the east i'll meet you there
CLMAodibIjo-00101-00028463-00028590 and we can make for the side of the
CLMAodibIjo-00102-00028591-00029311 trial
CLMAodibIjo-00103-00029312-00029502 the eight must have me the people of the
CLMAodibIjo-00104-00029504-00029702 sisters take pride in our nights the
CLMAodibIjo-00105-00029704-00029911 same as anywhere in high rock the
CLMAodibIjo-00106-00029912-00030095 sapphire they're marshall warriors
CLMAodibIjo-00107-00030095-00030262 somewhere on these lands before they
CLMAodibIjo-00108-00030263-00030431 belong to the du4 let's meet up at the
CLMAodibIjo-00109-00030432-00030662 castle library in the night swing i've
CLMAodibIjo-00110-00030663-00030895 spent many an hour there studying up on
CLMAodibIjo-00111-00030895-00031143 monsters history and healing
CLMAodibIjo-00112-00031144-00031311 my only complaint is there aren't a lot
CLMAodibIjo-00113-00031312-00031767 of novels
CLMAodibIjo-00114-00031768-00032087 of course drake i'm sorry i bet i came
CLMAodibIjo-00115-00032088-00032295 on a little strong i've spent months
CLMAodibIjo-00116-00032295-00032495 preparing for the tourney and now the
CLMAodibIjo-00117-00032495-00032646 commander's pronouncement has sent me
CLMAodibIjo-00118-00032647-00032783 adrift
CLMAodibIjo-00119-00032784-00032967 i'll be all right what would you like to
CLMAodibIjo-00120-00032968-00033159 know
CLMAodibIjo-00121-00033160-00033399 sorry it's a curse i picked up from my
CLMAodibIjo-00122-00033400-00033479 dad
CLMAodibIjo-00123-00033480-00033679 a word from the old druid tongue that's
CLMAodibIjo-00124-00033680-00033927 been co-opted for common folk i sort of
CLMAodibIjo-00125-00033928-00034087 grew up here at the castle and it's a
CLMAodibIjo-00126-00034088-00034255 little more acceptable than the curses
CLMAodibIjo-00127-00034256-00034551 the doc hands use so i use it
CLMAodibIjo-00128-00034552-00034767 aurelia and i grew up together we've
CLMAodibIjo-00129-00034768-00034990 been close since we were very young and
CLMAodibIjo-00130-00034991-00035127 well
CLMAodibIjo-00131-00035128-00035271 i can't stand the thought of her
CLMAodibIjo-00132-00035272-00035495 marrying one of the other aspirants
CLMAodibIjo-00133-00035496-00035727 especially mortons
CLMAodibIjo-00134-00035728-00035990 my goodness what a dreary man
CLMAodibIjo-00135-00035991-00036190 nope the attorney is only called every
CLMAodibIjo-00136-00036191-00036374 few years as schedule and aspirants
CLMAodibIjo-00137-00036375-00036574 allow the commander wants to make sure
CLMAodibIjo-00138-00036575-00036727 there are enough people in the mix to
CLMAodibIjo-00139-00036728-00036959 make it a challenge and the orders are
CLMAodibIjo-00140-00036960-00037190 only so large on high isle as you might
CLMAodibIjo-00141-00037191-00037295 imagine
CLMAodibIjo-00142-00037296-00037511 i'm not sure how tam's folk turns work
CLMAodibIjo-00143-00037512-00037774 but here each order sets a challenge
CLMAodibIjo-00144-00037775-00037943 attempting the challenge for an order
CLMAodibIjo-00145-00037944-00038151 marks you in good standing and each
CLMAodibIjo-00146-00038152-00038367 order only chooses one or two aspirants
CLMAodibIjo-00147-00038368-00038607 for knighthood it's fairly competitive
CLMAodibIjo-00148-00038608-00038743 as a result
CLMAodibIjo-00149-00038744-00038983 i'm not a knight just yet that's why i'm
CLMAodibIjo-00150-00038984-00039199 in the tourney i was a squire for years
CLMAodibIjo-00151-00039200-00039383 before i came an aspirant
CLMAodibIjo-00152-00039384-00039583 you don't want to know how many stalls
CLMAodibIjo-00153-00039584-00039799 i've had
CLMAodibIjo-00154-00039800-00039983 a chance to prove my worth to the orders
CLMAodibIjo-00155-00039984-00040199 you see
CLMAodibIjo-00156-00040200-00040374 that's a handsome question
CLMAodibIjo-00157-00040375-00040623 i wish i had an answer for you i can see
CLMAodibIjo-00158-00040624-00040830 ways that i'd be a good fit for either
CLMAodibIjo-00159-00040831-00041102 the oaken order or the iron knot
CLMAodibIjo-00160-00041103-00041383 maybe even the order of the albatross
CLMAodibIjo-00161-00041384-00041590 that's a problem for day's end isabella
CLMAodibIjo-00162-00041591-00041830 face
CLMAodibIjo-00163-00041831-00041967 go on i'll catch up with you at the
CLMAodibIjo-00164-00041968-00042246 castle's library it's easy to find
CLMAodibIjo-00165-00042247-00042567 big room full of books can't miss it
CLMAodibIjo-00166-00042568-00042774 you're going to help us
CLMAodibIjo-00167-00042775-00043079 the eight bless you
CLMAodibIjo-00168-00043080-00043230 i am going to have one more go at
CLMAodibIjo-00169-00043231-00043487 convincing my mother excuse me the night
CLMAodibIjo-00170-00043488-00043727 commander to see reason
CLMAodibIjo-00171-00043728-00043943 making a promise like that for me what
CLMAodibIjo-00172-00043944-00044183 was she thinking have you seen the other
CLMAodibIjo-00173-00044184-00044318 aspirants
CLMAodibIjo-00174-00044319-00044551 ugh langley is a boar
CLMAodibIjo-00175-00044552-00044807 brellanol cares only for coin and snag
CLMAodibIjo-00176-00044808-00044935 is an oaf
CLMAodibIjo-00177-00044936-00045111 and then there's the milk stop moribund
CLMAodibIjo-00178-00045112-00045374 mortons the less said about him the
CLMAodibIjo-00179-00045375-00045479 better
CLMAodibIjo-00180-00045480-00045735 that's a complicated question the easy
CLMAodibIjo-00181-00045736-00046015 response is that commander jorvel never
CLMAodibIjo-00182-00046016-00046199 goes back on her word
CLMAodibIjo-00183-00046200-00046439 but it's more than that the tourney
CLMAodibIjo-00184-00046440-00046671 means the world to her and in recent
CLMAodibIjo-00185-00046672-00046999 years we've had fewer entrants
CLMAodibIjo-00186-00047000-00047167 no no
CLMAodibIjo-00187-00047168-00047486 she she just wants me to be happy
CLMAodibIjo-00188-00047487-00047686 it's expected of noble ladies on high
CLMAodibIjo-00189-00047687-00047958 isle to marry for advantage advantage to
CLMAodibIjo-00190-00047959-00048118 the ladies mind
CLMAodibIjo-00191-00048119-00048335 she thinks i'm afraid to take that step
CLMAodibIjo-00192-00048336-00048527 and wanted to give me
CLMAodibIjo-00193-00048528-00048623 well
CLMAodibIjo-00194-00048624-00048823 a push
CLMAodibIjo-00195-00048824-00050007 hey comment
CLMAodibIjo-00196-00050008-00050967 system
CLMAodibIjo-00197-00050968-00052142 greetings
CLMAodibIjo-00198-00052144-00052382 oh hello how are you
CLMAodibIjo-00199-00052383-00052582 have you come to participate or are you
CLMAodibIjo-00200-00052583-00052799 a valued spectator
CLMAodibIjo-00201-00052800-00053135 either way welcome and welcome again
CLMAodibIjo-00202-00053136-00053438 the sapphire truly is underway of course
CLMAodibIjo-00203-00053439-00053615 duchess to fort and knight commander
CLMAodibIjo-00204-00053616-00053879 jovel have entrusted me with the very
CLMAodibIjo-00205-00053879-00054063 important role of overseeing the
CLMAodibIjo-00206-00054064-00054207 festivities
CLMAodibIjo-00207-00054208-00054454 more than you can count with two hands
CLMAodibIjo-00208-00054455-00054679 we have a whole troop of performers
CLMAodibIjo-00209-00054679-00054871 several cookmasters preparing different
CLMAodibIjo-00210-00054872-00055103 delicacies from across the seas
CLMAodibIjo-00211-00055104-00055311 and it would hardly be a proper tourney
CLMAodibIjo-00212-00055312-00055638 without the joust now would it
CLMAodibIjo-00213-00055639-00055823 the understatement of the year oh come
CLMAodibIjo-00214-00055824-00055966 on
CLMAodibIjo-00215-00055967-00056142 completed and the grounds were stored
CLMAodibIjo-00216-00056144-00056294 and the staff paid
CLMAodibIjo-00217-00056295-00056591 we start planning all over again the
CLMAodibIjo-00218-00056591-00056766 next one is just a few years away you
CLMAodibIjo-00219-00056767-00056950 know
CLMAodibIjo-00220-00056951-00057430 i love my job
CLMAodibIjo-00221-00057432-00057630 the doctors herself asked me to organize
CLMAodibIjo-00222-00057632-00057871 and execute this tremendously popular
CLMAodibIjo-00223-00057872-00058207 affair i mean who else could do it
CLMAodibIjo-00224-00058208-00058430 i'm a man of many connections i've
CLMAodibIjo-00225-00058432-00058711 managed tourneys fairs banquets
CLMAodibIjo-00226-00058712-00058975 investitures weddings and new of course
CLMAodibIjo-00227-00058976-00061454 funerals
CLMAodibIjo-00228-00061455-00061778 ancient ways now quick where
CLMAodibIjo-00229-00061779-00062103 [Music]
CLMAodibIjo-00230-00062104-00062230 hello
CLMAodibIjo-00231-00062232-00062319 if you're looking for the night
CLMAodibIjo-00232-00062320-00062463 commander the office is just down the
CLMAodibIjo-00233-00062464-00064791 hall
CLMAodibIjo-00234-00064791-00066606 all over the place
CLMAodibIjo-00235-00066607-00068543 my
CLMAodibIjo-00236-00068544-00068791 i found something about crop rotation
CLMAodibIjo-00237-00068792-00069503 exciting
CLMAodibIjo-00238-00069504-00072247 transference
CLMAodibIjo-00239-00072248-00072423 find anything promising
CLMAodibIjo-00240-00072424-00072726 let's chat
CLMAodibIjo-00241-00072727-00072911 the book was already open
CLMAodibIjo-00242-00072912-00073119 i bet my old second burjo offered the
CLMAodibIjo-00243-00073120-00073311 same advice he gave me to aspirant
CLMAodibIjo-00244-00073312-00073423 langley
CLMAodibIjo-00245-00073424-00073647 drake
CLMAodibIjo-00246-00073648-00073806 let's see
CLMAodibIjo-00247-00073807-00074015 you're right looks like the do forts had
CLMAodibIjo-00248-00074016-00074231 a holdfast there before they became
CLMAodibIjo-00249-00074232-00074367 nobles
CLMAodibIjo-00250-00074368-00074631 oh wait i know this place it's an old
CLMAodibIjo-00251-00074632-00074871 ruin off to the east aurelie and i used
CLMAodibIjo-00252-00074872-00075047 to pretend it was a witch's lair when we
CLMAodibIjo-00253-00075048-00075206 were young
CLMAodibIjo-00254-00075207-00075438 well in my defense i didn't know it was
CLMAodibIjo-00255-00075439-00075591 owned by the do forts when we played
CLMAodibIjo-00256-00075592-00075735 there as kids
CLMAodibIjo-00257-00075736-00075919 we also didn't go looking for nightly
CLMAodibIjo-00258-00075920-00076023 relics
CLMAodibIjo-00259-00076024-00076287 which now i wish we had
CLMAodibIjo-00260-00076288-00076511 there aren't really roads back there but
CLMAodibIjo-00261-00076512-00076782 i remember a nice wide path we can take
CLMAodibIjo-00262-00076783-00076950 i'll mark your map
CLMAodibIjo-00263-00076951-00077135 maybe if we hurry we can beat burjo and
CLMAodibIjo-00264-00077136-00077294 langley to the ruin
CLMAodibIjo-00265-00077295-00077479 i'll see you there i'm hoping we can
CLMAodibIjo-00266-00077480-00077806 beat the other aspirants to the hilt
CLMAodibIjo-00267-00077807-00077999 each of the captains have their own view
CLMAodibIjo-00268-00078000-00078167 on how to earn honor
CLMAodibIjo-00269-00078168-00078343 i've heard stories that the iron knots
CLMAodibIjo-00270-00078344-00078615 captain oralfeath has slain trolls twice
CLMAodibIjo-00271-00078616-00078759 her size
CLMAodibIjo-00272-00078760-00078959 so just swinging a sword won't impress
CLMAodibIjo-00273-00078960-00079223 her she wants warriors that can think as
CLMAodibIjo-00274-00079224-00079406 well as fight
CLMAodibIjo-00275-00079407-00079575 that's a funny thought
CLMAodibIjo-00276-00079576-00079871 i don't think so but we can ask her the
CLMAodibIjo-00277-00079872-00080150 hilt itself is classic iron knot a
CLMAodibIjo-00278-00080151-00080367 historic trophy from a mighty warrior
CLMAodibIjo-00279-00080368-00080599 who fell in single combat at a crucial
CLMAodibIjo-00280-00080600-00080847 battle and changed history with his
CLMAodibIjo-00281-00080848-00082582 blade
CLMAodibIjo-00282-00082583-00082806 you're too late i'm here first you
CLMAodibIjo-00283-00082807-00082982 cannot pass
CLMAodibIjo-00284-00082983-00083079 uh
CLMAodibIjo-00285-00083080-00083223 i guess
CLMAodibIjo-00286-00083224-00083406 what he said
CLMAodibIjo-00287-00083407-00083647 sorry isabel
CLMAodibIjo-00288-00083648-00083838 it's not worth a row with langley over
CLMAodibIjo-00289-00083839-00084079 who can search the woods first i'd best
CLMAodibIjo-00290-00084080-00084262 him easily don't get me wrong
CLMAodibIjo-00291-00084263-00084462 but blatant fighting between aspirants
CLMAodibIjo-00292-00084463-00084606 has frowned upon
CLMAodibIjo-00293-00084607-00084726 doesn't matter
CLMAodibIjo-00294-00084727-00084879 i have an idea
CLMAodibIjo-00295-00084880-00085094 langley's first and last thoughts every
CLMAodibIjo-00296-00085095-00085399 day are about himself he'll have burjo
CLMAodibIjo-00297-00085400-00085694 working on moving those trees well
CLMAodibIjo-00298-00085695-00085879 until he gets bored
CLMAodibIjo-00299-00085880-00086071 so let's just go around
CLMAodibIjo-00300-00086072-00086279 remember aurelia and i used to play up
CLMAodibIjo-00301-00086280-00086487 by the ruin there's a path around the
CLMAodibIjo-00302-00086488-00086703 rise to the east let's go carefully
CLMAodibIjo-00303-00086704-00086799 though
CLMAodibIjo-00304-00086800-00086975 we stopped playing up there when a fawn
CLMAodibIjo-00306-00090776-00090975 here it is just like i remembered by the
CLMAodibIjo-00307-00090976-00091111 curved tree
CLMAodibIjo-00308-00091112-00091238 the ruin should be at the top of the
CLMAodibIjo-00309-00091239-00091326 ride
CLMAodibIjo-00310-00091327-00093423 reaching in there like that
CLMAodibIjo-00312-00097288-00097559 the old stones the locals call it
CLMAodibIjo-00313-00097560-00097743 let's find that hilt don't mess with a
CLMAodibIjo-00314-00097744-00099182 street kid
CLMAodibIjo-00315-00099183-00099382 there might be something good in there
CLMAodibIjo-00316-00099383-00099615 might be nothing never know unless you
CLMAodibIjo-00317-00099616-00101447 check
CLMAodibIjo-00318-00101448-00103078 hashtag
CLMAodibIjo-00319-00103079-00103182 that's it
CLMAodibIjo-00320-00103183-00103310 come on let's get out of here before
CLMAodibIjo-00321-00103311-00103582 langley and birjo arrive
CLMAodibIjo-00322-00103583-00103671 ah
CLMAodibIjo-00323-00103672-00103918 careful there squire don't let the
CLMAodibIjo-00324-00103919-00104182 branches snap back you've scratched my
CLMAodibIjo-00325-00104183-00104654 armor
CLMAodibIjo-00326-00104655-00104751 somewhere
CLMAodibIjo-00327-00104752-00105063 get to work
CLMAodibIjo-00328-00105064-00105319 i'm not sure it's chivalrous of me but i
CLMAodibIjo-00329-00105320-00105510 hope that ours wastes the rest of the
CLMAodibIjo-00330-00105511-00105751 day looking for that hilt
CLMAodibIjo-00331-00105752-00105871 we did it
CLMAodibIjo-00332-00105872-00106039 red hearts hilt
CLMAodibIjo-00333-00106040-00106278 as a night aspirant i know i should wish
CLMAodibIjo-00334-00106279-00106534 all of my competitors equally good luck
CLMAodibIjo-00335-00106535-00106815 but standard forgive me i hope langley
CLMAodibIjo-00336-00106816-00107239 gets bitten by every mosquito out here
CLMAodibIjo-00337-00107240-00107527 i am i assumed the iron knot trial would
CLMAodibIjo-00338-00107528-00107702 be all about sword play and martial
CLMAodibIjo-00339-00107703-00108054 skill maybe horse riding horses and i
CLMAodibIjo-00340-00108055-00108223 don't like each other much
CLMAodibIjo-00341-00108224-00108463 anyway i'm actually quite pleased how we
CLMAodibIjo-00342-00108464-00108734 did let's move on
CLMAodibIjo-00343-00108735-00108895 ain't above help me
CLMAodibIjo-00344-00108896-00109183 they're artists no thankfully our trial
CLMAodibIjo-00345-00109183-00109358 will be to reclaim the gilded loot of
CLMAodibIjo-00346-00109359-00109590 captain brenvale
CLMAodibIjo-00347-00109591-00109799 we can meet up at the nevir chapel the
CLMAodibIjo-00348-00109800-00110575 entrance to the catacombs is in there
CLMAodibIjo-00349-00110576-00110766 they give me strength
CLMAodibIjo-00350-00110767-00111263 of all the sneaky dishonest
CLMAodibIjo-00351-00111264-00111495 we've got a small hitch in this rope
CLMAodibIjo-00352-00111496-00111686 the key to the catacombs entrance is
CLMAodibIjo-00353-00111688-00111886 usually right near the door
CLMAodibIjo-00354-00111888-00112119 but someone took it
CLMAodibIjo-00355-00112120-00112415 drake i hope not the idea of aspirants
CLMAodibIjo-00356-00112416-00112631 trying to directly sabotage each other
CLMAodibIjo-00357-00112632-00112815 doesn't sit well with me
CLMAodibIjo-00358-00112816-00113095 and i see that look in your eye no lock
CLMAodibIjo-00359-00113096-00113415 picking mixie buff my plates we still
CLMAodibIjo-00360-00113416-00113615 need that key
CLMAodibIjo-00361-00113616-00113854 yes let's split up i'll go speak to the
CLMAodibIjo-00362-00113855-00114095 castle stewards and you head for the
CLMAodibIjo-00363-00114096-00114295 offices of the night commander we can
CLMAodibIjo-00364-00114296-00114558 meet back here stand are willing one of
CLMAodibIjo-00365-00114559-00114775 us will have some luck i still can't
CLMAodibIjo-00366-00114776-00115158 believe someone took the key so childish
CLMAodibIjo-00367-00115159-00115375 i bet it's mortons
CLMAodibIjo-00368-00115376-00115558 mortons
CLMAodibIjo-00369-00115559-00115790 i mean they're not real pirates they're
CLMAodibIjo-00370-00115791-00115958 knights who ride the waves instead of
CLMAodibIjo-00371-00115959-00116095 horses
CLMAodibIjo-00372-00116096-00116231 and sing
CLMAodibIjo-00373-00116232-00116502 by the gods do they sing
CLMAodibIjo-00374-00116503-00116671 there's an old joke around the castle
CLMAodibIjo-00375-00116672-00116799 that they're called the order of the
CLMAodibIjo-00376-00116800-00117119 albatross because they're so damned loud
CLMAodibIjo-00377-00117120-00117415 yes a golden loot the story goes that
CLMAodibIjo-00378-00117416-00117607 some years back the head of the order
CLMAodibIjo-00379-00117608-00117815 sir brenvale went down to clear the
CLMAodibIjo-00380-00117816-00118039 catacombs of a mad spirit
CLMAodibIjo-00381-00118040-00118286 i think it was some due for noble i'm
CLMAodibIjo-00382-00118288-00118551 not sure who but sir brenvale never
CLMAodibIjo-00383-00118552-00118831 returned i'll be honest this is one
CLMAodibIjo-00384-00118832-00119063 order i'm not likely to join
CLMAodibIjo-00385-00119064-00119295 they're an odd group
CLMAodibIjo-00386-00119296-00119519 but it kind of makes sense just think of
CLMAodibIjo-00387-00119520-00119815 them as something like chivalric bards
CLMAodibIjo-00388-00119816-00119990 they're constantly on the hunt for new
CLMAodibIjo-00389-00119991-00121134 adventures new tales to tell
CLMAodibIjo-00390-00121135-00121414 thank you for assisting isabel i'm so
CLMAodibIjo-00391-00121415-00121583 grateful to you both
CLMAodibIjo-00392-00121583-00121766 aspiring morton's came by not that long
CLMAodibIjo-00393-00121767-00121934 ago and told me he already had a
CLMAodibIjo-00394-00121935-00122110 honeymoon trip planned
CLMAodibIjo-00395-00122111-00122334 the audacity
CLMAodibIjo-00396-00122335-00122583 i'm trying to muster up the courage
CLMAodibIjo-00397-00122583-00122775 we've been fighting quite a bit
CLMAodibIjo-00398-00122776-00122958 i made isabelle promise not to say
CLMAodibIjo-00399-00122959-00123166 anything i didn't want her jeopardizing
CLMAodibIjo-00400-00123167-00123343 her place and the tourney
CLMAodibIjo-00401-00123344-00123599 you must be new to high isle my mother
CLMAodibIjo-00402-00123600-00123927 is dame jorvel night commander she has
CLMAodibIjo-00403-00123928-00124207 never in all her illustrious career gone
CLMAodibIjo-00404-00124208-00124478 back on her word not once
CLMAodibIjo-00405-00124479-00124686 she offered my hand in marriage and by
CLMAodibIjo-00406-00124688-00124927 the gods her honor means she won't
CLMAodibIjo-00407-00124928-00125102 unoffer it
CLMAodibIjo-00408-00125103-00125239 apparently not
CLMAodibIjo-00409-00125240-00125510 and here i am working up the nerve
CLMAodibIjo-00410-00125511-00125678 mostly pacing
CLMAodibIjo-00411-00125679-00125910 i know isabelle can win the tourney but
CLMAodibIjo-00412-00125911-00126407 i just can't sit idly by either
CLMAodibIjo-00413-00126408-00126631 oh one of the other knights probably
CLMAodibIjo-00414-00126632-00126799 took it or hit it
CLMAodibIjo-00415-00126800-00127102 cheating isabelle will not like that
CLMAodibIjo-00416-00127103-00127351 hmm one of my mother's aides might have
CLMAodibIjo-00417-00127352-00127614 one it's good she sent you to ask though
CLMAodibIjo-00418-00127615-00127863 best she avoids the night's wing for now
CLMAodibIjo-00419-00127864-00128007 she and i have been friends since we
CLMAodibIjo-00420-00128008-00128143 were very young
CLMAodibIjo-00421-00128144-00128366 knowing izzy she'll want to avoid even
CLMAodibIjo-00422-00128367-00128527 rumors she appealed to my mother for
CLMAodibIjo-00423-00128528-00128631 help
CLMAodibIjo-00424-00128632-00128910 i'd start by asking dame hendra nilsman
CLMAodibIjo-00425-00128911-00130143 might have a key as well
CLMAodibIjo-00426-00130144-00130695 [Music]
CLMAodibIjo-00427-00130696-00132007 [Music]
CLMAodibIjo-00428-00132008-00132183 if you don't have an appointment to meet
CLMAodibIjo-00429-00132184-00132471 with commander jorvel make one she's
CLMAodibIjo-00430-00132472-00132751 busy
CLMAodibIjo-00431-00132752-00132895 the nord over there can make the
CLMAodibIjo-00432-00132896-00133039 appointment for you
CLMAodibIjo-00433-00133040-00133223 if he's not writing that god's awful
CLMAodibIjo-00434-00133224-00133407 poetry at the moment
CLMAodibIjo-00435-00133408-00133647 and i'm looking for a posting more
CLMAodibIjo-00436-00133648-00133839 interesting than pushing papers for
CLMAodibIjo-00437-00133840-00134054 knight commander jorvel or playing
CLMAodibIjo-00438-00134055-00134287 politics with snooty nobles
CLMAodibIjo-00439-00134288-00134495 tell me why should i give a key to the
CLMAodibIjo-00440-00134496-00134719 first peasant who comes wandering in off
CLMAodibIjo-00441-00134720-00135239 the lawn
CLMAodibIjo-00442-00135240-00135407 how unexpected
CLMAodibIjo-00443-00135408-00135566 most people i have to deal with would
CLMAodibIjo-00444-00135567-00135766 rather get snippy and tell the commander
CLMAodibIjo-00445-00135767-00135975 about how rude i am
CLMAodibIjo-00446-00135976-00136111 all because i can't be ours to be
CLMAodibIjo-00447-00136112-00136287 obsequious
CLMAodibIjo-00448-00136288-00136439 refreshing
CLMAodibIjo-00449-00136440-00136559 here's a key
CLMAodibIjo-00450-00136560-00137254 try not to get killed down there
CLMAodibIjo-00451-00137255-00137471 this one pool glover
CLMAodibIjo-00452-00137472-00137687 i saw you talking to her
CLMAodibIjo-00454-00142503-00142799 the stewards were no help at all
CLMAodibIjo-00455-00142800-00142926 you've got a key
CLMAodibIjo-00456-00142927-00143399 wonderful
CLMAodibIjo-00457-00143400-00143575 all right let's see if we can find that
CLMAodibIjo-00458-00143576-00143863 fancy loot sir brenval probably made it
CLMAodibIjo-00459-00143864-00144871 deep into the crypts
CLMAodibIjo-00460-00144872-00145039 these catacombs have been built up over
CLMAodibIjo-00461-00145040-00145326 generations might be a bit twisty down
CLMAodibIjo-00462-00145327-00145407 here
CLMAodibIjo-00463-00145408-00146919 i'm gonna
CLMAodibIjo-00464-00146920-00147175 can you imagine not believing in ghosts
CLMAodibIjo-00465-00147176-00147326 a friend once told me that you can't
CLMAodibIjo-00466-00147327-00147519 swing a stick in glen umbra without it
CLMAodibIjo-00467-00147520-00148278 passing through some lost spirit yup
CLMAodibIjo-00468-00148279-00150031 yeah i back walleye then
CLMAodibIjo-00469-00150032-00152647 is
CLMAodibIjo-00470-00152648-00153526 oh
CLMAodibIjo-00471-00153527-00153871 we'll try to help you
CLMAodibIjo-00472-00153872-00155566 whoever you are i was here
CLMAodibIjo-00473-00155567-00155814 in my defense i made it past a bunch of
CLMAodibIjo-00474-00155815-00155999 the smaller ones
CLMAodibIjo-00475-00156000-00156214 but i lost my nerve when a giant
CLMAodibIjo-00476-00156215-00156559 red-eyed beastie left out of me
CLMAodibIjo-00477-00156560-00156799 just a moment you won't get very far
CLMAodibIjo-00478-00156800-00157431 without the key to the
CLMAodibIjo-00479-00157432-00157583 um
CLMAodibIjo-00480-00157584-00157743 i tell you what
CLMAodibIjo-00481-00157744-00157999 when that thing surprised me i may have
CLMAodibIjo-00482-00158000-00158278 dropped my sword return it to me and
CLMAodibIjo-00483-00158279-00159495 i'll
CLMAodibIjo-00484-00159496-00160390 lovely to look at and so
CLMAodibIjo-00485-00160391-00162039 is
CLMAodibIjo-00486-00162040-00164766 um
CLMAodibIjo-00487-00164767-00165878 is
CLMAodibIjo-00488-00165879-00166254 did you manage to find my sword
CLMAodibIjo-00489-00166255-00166495 very good you know i've always said that
CLMAodibIjo-00490-00166496-00166711 isabelle was a fair hand
CLMAodibIjo-00491-00166712-00167063 never doubted you for a moment
CLMAodibIjo-00492-00167064-00167295 here's your key the door to the deep
CLMAodibIjo-00493-00167296-00167463 crips should be off the main chamber
CLMAodibIjo-00494-00167464-00167607 east of here
CLMAodibIjo-00495-00167608-00167871 yes well we're both sporting well done
CLMAodibIjo-00496-00167872-00168063 all around
CLMAodibIjo-00497-00168064-00169447 and
CLMAodibIjo-00498-00169448-00169654 they say that sir brenvale died at the
CLMAodibIjo-00499-00169655-00170031 hands of a ghost the old mad duke
CLMAodibIjo-00502-00176984-00177238 look i think that's the loot
CLMAodibIjo-00503-00177239-00177335 oh
CLMAodibIjo-00504-00177336-00177599 and that must be what remains of sorry
CLMAodibIjo-00505-00177600-00179143 take your feet
CLMAodibIjo-00506-00179144-00179654 that ghastly mad
CLMAodibIjo-00507-00179655-00182095 oh
CLMAodibIjo-00508-00182096-00182263 combat oh ho
CLMAodibIjo-00509-00182264-00182575 and they danced with swords all night
CLMAodibIjo-00510-00182576-00182887 long
CLMAodibIjo-00511-00182888-00183175 brenda's skill was all for naught and
CLMAodibIjo-00512-00183176-00183478 the quest went all around
CLMAodibIjo-00513-00183479-00184951 oh
CLMAodibIjo-00514-00184952-00185287 sir branvale the golden boy
CLMAodibIjo-00515-00185288-00185478 once the head of the order of the
CLMAodibIjo-00516-00185479-00185790 albatross at your service oh
CLMAodibIjo-00517-00185791-00186038 gentle folk
CLMAodibIjo-00518-00186039-00186359 of course they did good chaps and of
CLMAodibIjo-00519-00186360-00186654 course i was one of the orders most
CLMAodibIjo-00520-00186655-00186975 renowned composers they no doubt wish to
CLMAodibIjo-00521-00186976-00187223 put my beautiful gilded loot in the
CLMAodibIjo-00522-00187224-00187454 place of honor
CLMAodibIjo-00523-00187455-00187823 ah yes i'm sure when i did not return
CLMAodibIjo-00524-00187824-00188171 there were many affair damsel who wept
CLMAodibIjo-00525-00188172-00188511 inconsolable tears after all once you
CLMAodibIjo-00526-00188512-00188975 hear my voice raised in song to know the
CLMAodibIjo-00527-00188976-00189214 voice of sir brenda the golden was
CLMAodibIjo-00528-00189215-00189375 silenced
CLMAodibIjo-00529-00189376-00189711 the tragedy
CLMAodibIjo-00530-00189712-00190047 of course of course i command your
CLMAodibIjo-00531-00190048-00190319 efforts please let the rest of the order
CLMAodibIjo-00532-00190320-00190575 know that i
CLMAodibIjo-00533-00190576-00190895 golden shall now depart this plane at
CLMAodibIjo-00534-00190896-00191199 last my next performance will be in the
CLMAodibIjo-00535-00191200-00191535 great theaters of aetherius
CLMAodibIjo-00536-00191536-00191799 heard you
CLMAodibIjo-00537-00191800-00191950 farewell
CLMAodibIjo-00538-00191951-00192287 farewell
CLMAodibIjo-00539-00192288-00193399 oh god
CLMAodibIjo-00540-00193400-00193543 yelling in the distance
CLMAodibIjo-00541-00193544-00193759 he's another aspirant and a complete
CLMAodibIjo-00542-00193760-00193895 donkey's ours
CLMAodibIjo-00543-00193896-00194238 never mind him we're on a quest
CLMAodibIjo-00544-00194239-00194511 so we have a bit of a leg up on this one
CLMAodibIjo-00545-00194512-00194759 the elder is a wizard named erlibru he's
CLMAodibIjo-00546-00194760-00194990 actually a friend of my father's
CLMAodibIjo-00547-00194991-00195143 he used to tell me stories when i was
CLMAodibIjo-00548-00195144-00195375 young funny little man
CLMAodibIjo-00549-00195376-00195695 i would never stealing is well
CLMAodibIjo-00550-00195696-00195823 a nightly
CLMAodibIjo-00551-00195824-00196431 knowing earlier
CLMAodibIjo-00552-00196432-00196711 right if i remember correctly i think he
CLMAodibIjo-00553-00196712-00196871 lives in a little grotto to the south
CLMAodibIjo-00554-00196872-00197135 near the coast he likes his privacy our
CLMAodibIjo-00555-00197136-00197319 oaken elder
CLMAodibIjo-00556-00197320-00197487 i suppose in the stories knights are
CLMAodibIjo-00557-00197488-00197702 usually all swords and glory but the
CLMAodibIjo-00558-00197703-00197847 druids have been here forever
CLMAodibIjo-00559-00197848-00197975 practically
CLMAodibIjo-00560-00197976-00198126 every kid and the sisters grows up
CLMAodibIjo-00561-00198127-00198302 knowing a little bit about runes and
CLMAodibIjo-00562-00198303-00198550 nature and the true way
CLMAodibIjo-00563-00198551-00198750 i think they used to be
CLMAodibIjo-00564-00198751-00199047 but no these days anyone can join even
CLMAodibIjo-00565-00199048-00199214 non-mages who want to learn the ways of
CLMAodibIjo-00566-00199215-00199311 ifray
CLMAodibIjo-00567-00199312-00199478 just another little quirk of life on
CLMAodibIjo-00568-00199479-00199735 high aisle
CLMAodibIjo-00569-00199736-00199831 damn
CLMAodibIjo-00570-00199832-00200135 snag and brellan all beat us here huh
CLMAodibIjo-00571-00200136-00200463 get behind me squires snag was here
CLMAodibIjo-00572-00200464-00200759 first
CLMAodibIjo-00573-00200760-00200950 we arrived at the same time you
CLMAodibIjo-00574-00200951-00201238 simpering buffoon
CLMAodibIjo-00575-00201239-00201519 well you're still too late a wizard's
CLMAodibIjo-00576-00201520-00201719 magic is no match for the strength and
CLMAodibIjo-00577-00201720-00201943 honor of this aspirant
CLMAodibIjo-00578-00201944-00202575 for honor
CLMAodibIjo-00579-00202576-00202799 all right seems like the direct approach
CLMAodibIjo-00580-00202800-00202950 won't work here
CLMAodibIjo-00581-00202951-00204207 i'm sure i can get this barrier open
CLMAodibIjo-00582-00204208-00204431 yeah
CLMAodibIjo-00583-00204432-00205094 doesn't go easy on aspirants it seems
CLMAodibIjo-00584-00205096-00205294 i think the trick to this is the pillars
CLMAodibIjo-00585-00205296-00205414 themselves
CLMAodibIjo-00586-00205415-00205534 take a look
CLMAodibIjo-00587-00205535-00205879 carefully
CLMAodibIjo-00588-00205880-00208406 wouldn't
CLMAodibIjo-00589-00208407-00208614 look at that branch there
CLMAodibIjo-00590-00208615-00209071 representing spriggans maybe
CLMAodibIjo-00591-00209071-00209255 a cat's paw
CLMAodibIjo-00592-00209256-00209942 um
CLMAodibIjo-00593-00209944-00210094 i know exactly how to bring down the
CLMAodibIjo-00594-00210096-00210342 barrier he's lifted the pillars and the
CLMAodibIjo-00595-00210344-00210527 symbols from a story he told me as a
CLMAodibIjo-00596-00210528-00210687 child
CLMAodibIjo-00597-00210688-00210855 almost exactly
CLMAodibIjo-00598-00210856-00211110 a wise old sage puts up a barrier around
CLMAodibIjo-00599-00211111-00211303 his home he's trying to protect the
CLMAodibIjo-00600-00211304-00211503 little girl he's raising from a fearsome
CLMAodibIjo-00601-00211504-00211782 dark knight she grows up to be a mighty
CLMAodibIjo-00602-00211783-00212039 warrior but the sage makes her figure a
CLMAodibIjo-00603-00212040-00212398 way out of the sacred grill
CLMAodibIjo-00604-00212400-00212631 in the tail the symbols on the pillars
CLMAodibIjo-00605-00212632-00212751 held the key
CLMAodibIjo-00606-00212752-00212998 like the cat there a cat's paw is a
CLMAodibIjo-00607-00213000-00213175 pretty little flower that grows in shady
CLMAodibIjo-00608-00213176-00213455 forests and that bird looks like a
CLMAodibIjo-00609-00213456-00213703 forest heron i'd bet anything we need
CLMAodibIjo-00610-00213704-00213863 one of their feathers
CLMAodibIjo-00611-00213864-00214110 i've seen it before it's a druidic
CLMAodibIjo-00612-00214111-00214271 symbol for spriggans
CLMAodibIjo-00613-00214271-00214479 in the tale she befriended one that
CLMAodibIjo-00614-00214480-00214727 lived in the grove she wore a spriggan's
CLMAodibIjo-00615-00214728-00214967 veil a wreath of leaves they shed every
CLMAodibIjo-00616-00214967-00215055 year
CLMAodibIjo-00617-00215056-00215246 here if you can find the items i'll
CLMAodibIjo-00618-00215248-00215598 guard our spot
CLMAodibIjo-00619-00215600-00215782 you're back carrying feathers and
CLMAodibIjo-00620-00215783-00216079 branches and flowers i hope
CLMAodibIjo-00621-00216080-00216271 looks like you found them just place
CLMAodibIjo-00622-00216271-00216446 them on the pillars there that should
CLMAodibIjo-00623-00216448-00216967 lower the wards
CLMAodibIjo-00624-00216967-00217175 majestic birds right up until you're
CLMAodibIjo-00625-00217176-00217527 cleaning scat off the docks
CLMAodibIjo-00626-00217528-00217703 i'm pretty sure that's not how we're
CLMAodibIjo-00627-00217704-00218231 supposed to do this
CLMAodibIjo-00629-00222007-00222119 i'm all
CLMAodibIjo-00630-00222119-00223598 sweaty
CLMAodibIjo-00631-00223600-00223879 oh hello then figured out my barrier did
CLMAodibIjo-00632-00223880-00224110 you and is that little izzy i see that
CLMAodibIjo-00633-00224111-00224255 there
CLMAodibIjo-00634-00224256-00224591 oh yes yes yes i hoped it would be her
CLMAodibIjo-00635-00224592-00224846 she remembered the tale of mariette la
CLMAodibIjo-00636-00224848-00225071 courageous eh
CLMAodibIjo-00637-00225071-00225319 so nice you two could come out there
CLMAodibIjo-00638-00225319-00225487 usually it's just me in the forest
CLMAodibIjo-00639-00225488-00225734 spirits these days
CLMAodibIjo-00640-00225735-00226006 of course not solve the puzzle take the
CLMAodibIjo-00641-00226007-00226215 staff that's the idea right
CLMAodibIjo-00642-00226216-00226391 what's outback leaning against the
CLMAodibIjo-00643-00226392-00226679 cottage enjoying good health second
CLMAodibIjo-00644-00226680-00226894 off you go then and be careful where you
CLMAodibIjo-00645-00226896-00227206 put that thing that starts like me
CLMAodibIjo-00646-00227207-00227471 it might be old but it can still zap the
CLMAodibIjo-00647-00227471-00227639 ears off a rabbit
CLMAodibIjo-00648-00227640-00228039 house
CLMAodibIjo-00649-00228040-00228342 oh no no no that would be wildly improve
CLMAodibIjo-00650-00228344-00228591 poshmary couple this challenge directly
CLMAodibIjo-00651-00228592-00228831 from the pages of one of my favorite
CLMAodibIjo-00652-00228832-00228942 books
CLMAodibIjo-00653-00228944-00229342 who can blame me i'm a daffy old wizard
CLMAodibIjo-00654-00229344-00229606 come here last no need to dawdle near
CLMAodibIjo-00655-00229607-00229942 the door like you're still a squire
CLMAodibIjo-00656-00229944-00230127 thank you you old goat
CLMAodibIjo-00657-00230128-00230303 still thinking of me all these years
CLMAodibIjo-00658-00230304-00230975 later
CLMAodibIjo-00659-00230976-00231167 just need to grab that staff now and the
CLMAodibIjo-00660-00231167-00231494 oaken trial is in the bag i mean not
CLMAodibIjo-00661-00231496-00231655 literally i i don't have a bag large
CLMAodibIjo-00662-00231656-00231846 enough for the staff but you understand
CLMAodibIjo-00663-00231848-00233319 my point
CLMAodibIjo-00664-00233319-00233471 we've got the staff
CLMAodibIjo-00665-00233471-00233655 the moment i heard earl of brew was
CLMAodibIjo-00666-00233656-00233846 representing the order i knew we might
CLMAodibIjo-00667-00233848-00233967 have a shot
CLMAodibIjo-00668-00233967-00234151 well done i am
CLMAodibIjo-00669-00234152-00234358 those stories earlier told me when i was
CLMAodibIjo-00670-00234359-00234439 little
CLMAodibIjo-00671-00234440-00234646 they're a part of why i'm in the tourney
CLMAodibIjo-00672-00234648-00234751 today
CLMAodibIjo-00673-00234752-00234846 and
CLMAodibIjo-00674-00234848-00234991 i won't lie
CLMAodibIjo-00675-00234992-00235151 it's nice to know he still cares about
CLMAodibIjo-00676-00235152-00235263 me
CLMAodibIjo-00677-00235264-00235527 strange lovely man
CLMAodibIjo-00678-00235528-00235710 let's move on
CLMAodibIjo-00679-00235711-00235871 all that's left is to present the
CLMAodibIjo-00680-00235871-00235982 trophies
CLMAodibIjo-00681-00235983-00236142 everyone will be gathered at the tourney
CLMAodibIjo-00682-00236144-00236263 pavilion
CLMAodibIjo-00683-00236264-00236439 i'm excited
CLMAodibIjo-00684-00236440-00236727 and nervous i get a bit
CLMAodibIjo-00685-00236728-00236879 uncomfortable being the center of
CLMAodibIjo-00686-00236880-00237006 attention
CLMAodibIjo-00687-00237007-00237206 here meet me on the jousting grounds
CLMAodibIjo-00688-00237207-00237887 we'll head in together
CLMAodibIjo-00689-00237888-00238167 isabel you've saved me
CLMAodibIjo-00690-00238167-00238358 i'd better go and take my place i
CLMAodibIjo-00691-00238359-00238615 promised mother i wouldn't embarrass her
CLMAodibIjo-00692-00238616-00238839 please tell me you've good news i saw
CLMAodibIjo-00693-00238840-00239119 sir langley stomping around in a temper
CLMAodibIjo-00694-00239119-00239367 he's got a whopper of a bruise too
CLMAodibIjo-00695-00239367-00239582 i do hope my isabelle didn't punch him
CLMAodibIjo-00696-00239583-00239846 she's not usually the punching sword but
CLMAodibIjo-00697-00239848-00240055 he is such a well
CLMAodibIjo-00698-00240056-00240294 a ninny
CLMAodibIjo-00699-00240296-00240510 i think my nerves are as settled as
CLMAodibIjo-00700-00240511-00240646 they're going to be
CLMAodibIjo-00701-00240648-00240830 i get more anxious doing formal things
CLMAodibIjo-00702-00240831-00241142 like this than i do fighting werewolves
CLMAodibIjo-00703-00241144-00241391 come on izzy deep breaths
CLMAodibIjo-00704-00241392-00241591 we walk in and the tourney herald
CLMAodibIjo-00705-00241592-00241719 announces us
CLMAodibIjo-00706-00241719-00241991 i go forward and claim the trophies as
CLMAodibIjo-00707-00241992-00242175 my second you have the honor of
CLMAodibIjo-00708-00242176-00242351 displaying each of them as i call them
CLMAodibIjo-00709-00242352-00242630 out oh and most important
CLMAodibIjo-00710-00242631-00242791 don't start laughing when i recite a
CLMAodibIjo-00711-00242792-00242894 poem
CLMAodibIjo-00712-00242896-00243206 it's tradition stendar help me the order
CLMAodibIjo-00713-00243207-00243479 of the albatross requires it
CLMAodibIjo-00714-00243480-00243679 having you do this with me was more than
CLMAodibIjo-00715-00243680-00243934 helpful you've been a calm and steady
CLMAodibIjo-00716-00243935-00244191 influence a real partnership
CLMAodibIjo-00717-00244192-00244310 thank you
CLMAodibIjo-00718-00244311-00244558 let's just get through this last bit
CLMAodibIjo-00719-00244559-00244839 follow me the sooner we start the sooner
CLMAodibIjo-00720-00244840-00245623 it's over
CLMAodibIjo-00721-00245623-00246023 lords and ladies men and mer
CLMAodibIjo-00722-00246023-00246423 a night aspirant approaches the stage
CLMAodibIjo-00723-00246423-00246782 lady isabel
CLMAodibIjo-00724-00246783-00247034 let's get things started
CLMAodibIjo-00725-00247035-00247391 proceed madam your second may present
CLMAodibIjo-00726-00247392-00247694 any trophies you have won
CLMAodibIjo-00727-00247696-00247958 together we found the hilt of blade red
CLMAodibIjo-00728-00247959-00248039 heart
CLMAodibIjo-00729-00248040-00248271 lost in a battle long ago
CLMAodibIjo-00730-00248271-00248494 this we present to the order of the iron
CLMAodibIjo-00731-00248496-00248879 knot
CLMAodibIjo-00732-00248880-00249406 well done aspiring
CLMAodibIjo-00733-00249407-00249671 to the order of the albatross we present
CLMAodibIjo-00734-00249671-00250294 the gilded loot of sir brenvale
CLMAodibIjo-00735-00250296-00250423 wonderful
CLMAodibIjo-00736-00250423-00250503 now
CLMAodibIjo-00737-00250504-00250751 perhaps we could hear a poem or ditty
CLMAodibIjo-00738-00250752-00251279 about the adventure aspirin
CLMAodibIjo-00739-00251280-00251630 the loot of gold did gather mold lost
CLMAodibIjo-00740-00251631-00251798 for many years
CLMAodibIjo-00741-00251800-00252127 i cannot lie renvale did die
CLMAodibIjo-00742-00252128-00252558 tripping on a tomb
CLMAodibIjo-00743-00252559-00252823 and finally we present the oaken order
CLMAodibIjo-00744-00252823-00253087 with the staff of the wild woods after
CLMAodibIjo-00745-00253088-00253279 solving the wizard earl of the joker's
CLMAodibIjo-00746-00253280-00253623 order commends you aspirant
CLMAodibIjo-00747-00253623-00253791 aspirin
CLMAodibIjo-00748-00253792-00254030 claiming all three trophies makes you
CLMAodibIjo-00749-00254031-00254294 the champion of the sapphire tourney
CLMAodibIjo-00750-00254296-00254542 come you have earned a boon from your
CLMAodibIjo-00751-00254544-00254791 commander
CLMAodibIjo-00752-00254792-00255103 from this day forward you are a knight
CLMAodibIjo-00753-00255104-00255527 of high isle be brave courteous loyal
CLMAodibIjo-00754-00255528-00255751 and act with honor
CLMAodibIjo-00755-00255752-00256134 arise dame isabel velwa
CLMAodibIjo-00756-00256135-00256375 lord commander i know what my boon will
CLMAodibIjo-00757-00256376-00256487 be
CLMAodibIjo-00758-00256488-00256703 you may know as well
CLMAodibIjo-00759-00256704-00256934 please release aurelia from the promise
CLMAodibIjo-00760-00256935-00257094 you made
CLMAodibIjo-00761-00257096-00257310 allow her to make her own choice to
CLMAodibIjo-00762-00257311-00257679 marry or not as she sees fit
CLMAodibIjo-00763-00257680-00257975 i cannot deny such a selfless boon
CLMAodibIjo-00764-00257976-00258310 aurelia is free to make her own choices
CLMAodibIjo-00765-00258311-00258527 within reason
CLMAodibIjo-00766-00258528-00258719 oh thank the eight
CLMAodibIjo-00767-00258719-00259055 dame isabel i am deeply impressed i wish
CLMAodibIjo-00768-00259056-00259303 to speak with you and your second find
CLMAodibIjo-00769-00259304-00260598 me in my office at your convenience
CLMAodibIjo-00770-00260600-00260687 no
CLMAodibIjo-00771-00260688-00260903 i couldn't have done this without you
CLMAodibIjo-00772-00260904-00261071 let's see what the commander has to say
CLMAodibIjo-00773-00261071-00261830 before i thank you myself
CLMAodibIjo-00774-00261831-00262055 i figured i'd come see who won this
CLMAodibIjo-00775-00262056-00262239 fancy pants affair
CLMAodibIjo-00776-00262240-00262503 your partner did well for herself almost
CLMAodibIjo-00777-00262504-00262687 as good as one of the women warriors in
CLMAodibIjo-00778-00262688-00264406 my clan huh
CLMAodibIjo-00779-00264407-00266751 foreign
CLMAodibIjo-00780-00266752-00266991 you did well isabel it seems as though
CLMAodibIjo-00781-00266992-00267182 your second was a great boon to you
CLMAodibIjo-00782-00267183-00267279 today
CLMAodibIjo-00783-00267280-00267543 second step forward i'd like to speak to
CLMAodibIjo-00784-00267544-00267727 you
CLMAodibIjo-00785-00267728-00268079 i've known isabelle dame isabel for many
CLMAodibIjo-00786-00268080-00268334 years it was encouraging to see her push
CLMAodibIjo-00787-00268335-00268487 herself like this
CLMAodibIjo-00788-00268488-00268727 i believe your able assistance may have
CLMAodibIjo-00789-00268728-00268991 also played a part well i believe a
CLMAodibIjo-00790-00268992-00269167 knight should not be measured by the
CLMAodibIjo-00791-00269168-00269415 worth of their weapon but by the allies
CLMAodibIjo-00792-00269416-00269534 they keep
CLMAodibIjo-00793-00269535-00269767 the knights of high isle pride ourselves
CLMAodibIjo-00794-00269768-00270063 on our courtesy and i personally always
CLMAodibIjo-00795-00270064-00270319 wish to honor good people
CLMAodibIjo-00796-00270320-00270591 for acting as dame isabel second during
CLMAodibIjo-00797-00270592-00270839 this year's sapphire tourney i want to
CLMAodibIjo-00798-00270840-00271095 formally extend my thanks
CLMAodibIjo-00799-00271096-00271895 as both night commander and as a mother
CLMAodibIjo-00800-00271896-00272055 what a day
CLMAodibIjo-00801-00272056-00272182 i suppose that just shows what
CLMAodibIjo-00802-00272183-00272382 determination can get you
CLMAodibIjo-00803-00272383-00272575 when the tourney began aurelia was in
CLMAodibIjo-00804-00272576-00272799 the depths of despair
CLMAodibIjo-00805-00272800-00272910 i was
CLMAodibIjo-00806-00272911-00273023 well
CLMAodibIjo-00807-00273024-00273455 i was struggling and now look at us
CLMAodibIjo-00808-00273456-00273575 thank you
CLMAodibIjo-00809-00273576-00273758 take the credit your due
CLMAodibIjo-00810-00273759-00274015 you kept me focused gave me a sounding
CLMAodibIjo-00811-00274016-00274230 board and most importantly i knew
CLMAodibIjo-00812-00274231-00274519 whatever happened i wasn't alone
CLMAodibIjo-00813-00274520-00274758 i can't tell you what that meant to me
CLMAodibIjo-00814-00274759-00274999 i still can't get used to it
CLMAodibIjo-00815-00275000-00275223 dame isabel valois
CLMAodibIjo-00816-00275224-00275479 i dreamed about wearing shining armor
CLMAodibIjo-00817-00275480-00275687 riding a valius deed
CLMAodibIjo-00818-00275688-00275927 so far it's been crips creatures and a
CLMAodibIjo-00819-00275928-00276151 lot of running around
CLMAodibIjo-00820-00276152-00276358 i've loved every moment
CLMAodibIjo-00821-00276359-00277271 except maybe the poetry part
CLMAodibIjo-00822-00277272-00277406 of
CLMAodibIjo-00823-00277407-00277567 i've been thinking
CLMAodibIjo-00824-00277568-00277799 i have a place here on high isle but i
CLMAodibIjo-00825-00277800-00278055 think i want to expand my horizons
CLMAodibIjo-00826-00278056-00278319 i would like to see more do more learn
CLMAodibIjo-00827-00278320-00278423 more
CLMAodibIjo-00828-00278424-00278630 if you could use a strong and loyal
CLMAodibIjo-00829-00278631-00278863 night of high aisle in your travels
CLMAodibIjo-00830-00278864-00279215 i'm up for anything yes
CLMAodibIjo-00831-00279216-00279375 if you'll excuse me i have to get my
CLMAodibIjo-00832-00279376-00279558 hair looking especially
CLMAodibIjo-00833-00279559-00279980 adventure i like it
CMMqtMBEZYo-00000-00000012-00000209 anybody
CMMqtMBEZYo-00007-00033900-00036593 foreign
CMMqtMBEZYo-00008-00036594-00036923 okay
CMMqtMBEZYo-00009-00036924-00037193 I wanna come
CMMqtMBEZYo-00012-00045072-00047507 foreign
CMMqtMBEZYo-00013-00047508-00048130 foreign
CMMqtMBEZYo-00014-00048131-00050077 foreign
CMMqtMBEZYo-00015-00050078-00051976 [Music]
CMMqtMBEZYo-00016-00051977-00054875 foreign
CMMqtMBEZYo-00017-00054876-00057604 foreign
CMMqtMBEZYo-00021-00072660-00075605 foreign
CMMqtMBEZYo-00025-00090833-00093629 foreign
CMMqtMBEZYo-00026-00093630-00093794 foreign
CMMqtMBEZYo-00034-00130541-00133175 foreign
CMMqtMBEZYo-00037-00146832-00146999 yeah photograph
CMMqtMBEZYo-00038-00147000-00149927 my channel
CMMqtMBEZYo-00041-00157872-00160361 okay
CMMqtMBEZYo-00044-00170477-00173297 foreign
CMMqtMBEZYo-00045-00173298-00173716 foreign
CMMqtMBEZYo-00047-00183393-00186247 [Music]
CMMqtMBEZYo-00052-00213092-00213292 I wanna come
CMMqtMBEZYo-00053-00213294-00213856 in the neutral the Tamil was
CMMqtMBEZYo-00055-00216892-00219029 [Music]
CMMqtMBEZYo-00058-00237535-00237731 wanna come
CMMqtMBEZYo-00060-00243726-00243950 foreign
CNbBm65LDR0-00000-00000051-00000374 Inner Mongolia or nei Mongol Mongolian
CNbBm65LDR0-00001-00000375-00000649 Mongolian script uber Mongol Mongolian
CNbBm65LDR0-00002-00000650-00000889 Cyrillic vermin go over Mongol wear em
CNbBm65LDR0-00003-00000890-00001177 simplified Chinese naman GU traditional
CNbBm65LDR0-00004-00001178-00001501 Chinese naman GU pinyin PRC standard
CNbBm65LDR0-00005-00001502-00001721 Mandarin name mangu rock standard
CNbBm65LDR0-00006-00001722-00001948 Mandarin name mangu officially the Inner
CNbBm65LDR0-00007-00001950-00002233 Mongolia autonomous region or nei Mongol
CNbBm65LDR0-00008-00002234-00002498 Autonomous Region nm AR is one of the
CNbBm65LDR0-00009-00002499-00002687 autonomous regions of the people s
CNbBm65LDR0-00010-00002688-00002963 Republic of China located in the north
CNbBm65LDR0-00011-00002964-00003281 of the country its border includes most
CNbBm65LDR0-00012-00003282-00003547 of the length of China s border with
CNbBm65LDR0-00013-00003548-00003776 Mongolia and a small section of China's
CNbBm65LDR0-00014-00003777-00004081 border with Russia its capital is Hohhot
CNbBm65LDR0-00015-00004082-00004318 other major cities include bout o Qi
CNbBm65LDR0-00016-00004319-00004661 Feng and Ordos the autonomous region was
CNbBm65LDR0-00017-00004662-00004958 established in 1947 incorporating the
CNbBm65LDR0-00018-00004959-00005161 areas of the former Republic of China
CNbBm65LDR0-00019-00005162-00005461 provinces of suyuan Shahar re la baie
CNbBm65LDR0-00020-00005462-00005624 and Shingon along with the northern
CNbBm65LDR0-00021-00005625-00005956 parts of Gansu and ninja its area makes
CNbBm65LDR0-00022-00005957-00006175 it the third largest Chinese subdivision
CNbBm65LDR0-00023-00006176-00006436 constituting approximately 1 million two
CNbBm65LDR0-00024-00006437-00006740 hundred thousand square kilometers 463
CNbBm65LDR0-00025-00006741-00007031 thousand square miles and 12% of China s
CNbBm65LDR0-00026-00007031-00007388 total land area it recorded a population
CNbBm65LDR0-00027-00007389-00007945 of 24 million 700 6321 in the 2010
CNbBm65LDR0-00028-00007947-00008333 census accounting for 1.8 4% of mainland
CNbBm65LDR0-00029-00008334-00008699 China s total population inner mongolia
CNbBm65LDR0-00030-00008700-00008972 as the country's 23rd most populous
CNbBm65LDR0-00031-00008973-00009248 province level division the majority of
CNbBm65LDR0-00032-00009249-00009425 the population in the region are Han
CNbBm65LDR0-00033-00009426-00009647 Chinese with a sizable titular Mongol
CNbBm65LDR0-00034-00009648-00009902 minority the official languages are
CNbBm65LDR0-00035-00009903-00010106 Mandarin and Mongolian the latter of
CNbBm65LDR0-00036-00010107-00010256 which has written in the traditional
CNbBm65LDR0-00037-00010257-00010451 Mongolian script as opposed to the
CNbBm65LDR0-00038-00010452-00010634 Mongolian Cyrillic alphabet which is
CNbBm65LDR0-00039-00010635-00010844 used in the state of Mongolia formerly
CNbBm65LDR0-00040-00010845-00011051 often described in the West s Outer
CNbBm65LDR0-00041-00011052-00011314 Mongolia
CNbBm65LDR0-00042-00011315-00011494 you
CNbBm65LDR0-00043-00011495-00011985 topic name
CNbBm65LDR0-00044-00011986-00012358 topic in Chinese the region is known as
CNbBm65LDR0-00045-00012359-00012642 Inner Mongolia where the terms of
CNbBm65LDR0-00046-00012643-00012756 inner/outer
CNbBm65LDR0-00047-00012757-00013069 are derived from Manchu dorky cooler G C
CNbBm65LDR0-00048-00013069-00013399 F Mongolian dota Gado Gado Gado Inner
CNbBm65LDR0-00049-00013400-00013585 Mongolia is distinct from Outer Mongolia
CNbBm65LDR0-00050-00013586-00013840 which was a term used by the Republic of
CNbBm65LDR0-00051-00013841-00014041 China and previous governments to refer
CNbBm65LDR0-00052-00014041-00014215 to what is now the independent state of
CNbBm65LDR0-00053-00014216-00014433 Mongolia plus the Republic of Tuva in
CNbBm65LDR0-00054-00014434-00014763 Russia the term internet' nei referred
CNbBm65LDR0-00055-00014765-00015033 to the nei fan Naif an inner tributary
CNbBm65LDR0-00056-00015034-00015277 ie those descendants of Genghis Khan who
CNbBm65LDR0-00057-00015278-00015499 granted the title Khan King in Ming and
CNbBm65LDR0-00058-00015500-00015694 Qing dynasties and lived in part of
CNbBm65LDR0-00059-00015694-00015978 southern part of Mongolia in Mongolian
CNbBm65LDR0-00060-00015979-00016186 the region was called dota gotta Mongol
CNbBm65LDR0-00061-00016187-00016369 during ching rule and was renamed into
CNbBm65LDR0-00062-00016369-00016653 over Mongol in 1947 Oberer meaning the
CNbBm65LDR0-00063-00016654-00016816 southern side of a mountain while the
CNbBm65LDR0-00064-00016817-00017075 Chinese term nei mangu was retained in
CNbBm65LDR0-00065-00017076-00017350 recent years some Mongols mainly those
CNbBm65LDR0-00066-00017351-00017503 who support independence from China
CNbBm65LDR0-00067-00017504-00017736 began to call Inner Mongolia nan
CNbBm65LDR0-00068-00017737-00018067 Chinese nan pinyin man mangu literally
CNbBm65LDR0-00069-00018068-00018349 south mongolia and with it came the
CNbBm65LDR0-00070-00018350-00018541 change of english translation from inner
CNbBm65LDR0-00071-00018542-00019074 mongolia to southern Mongolia
CNbBm65LDR0-00072-00019075-00019518 topic history
CNbBm65LDR0-00073-00019519-00019827 topic much of what is known about the
CNbBm65LDR0-00074-00019828-00020046 history of Greater Mongolia including
CNbBm65LDR0-00075-00020047-00020232 Inner Mongolia is known through Chinese
CNbBm65LDR0-00076-00020233-00020511 chronicles and historians before the
CNbBm65LDR0-00077-00020512-00020688 rise of the Mongols in the 13th century
CNbBm65LDR0-00078-00020689-00020928 what is now central and western Inner
CNbBm65LDR0-00079-00020929-00021165 Mongolia especially the head hell region
CNbBm65LDR0-00080-00021166-00021375 alternated in control between Chinese
CNbBm65LDR0-00081-00021376-00021558 agriculturalists in the south and
CNbBm65LDR0-00082-00021559-00021843 Xiongnu xianbei tighten your chin to Jew
CNbBm65LDR0-00083-00021844-00022095 and nomadic Mongol of the north the
CNbBm65LDR0-00084-00022096-00022266 historical narrative of what is now
CNbBm65LDR0-00085-00022267-00022509 eastern Inner Mongolia mostly consists
CNbBm65LDR0-00086-00022510-00022698 of alternations between different tongue
CNbBm65LDR0-00087-00022699-00022899 gusik and Mongol tribes rather than the
CNbBm65LDR0-00088-00022900-00023079 struggle between nomads and Chinese
CNbBm65LDR0-00089-00023080-00023463 agriculturalists
CNbBm65LDR0-00090-00023464-00023971 topic early history
CNbBm65LDR0-00091-00023972-00024349 Topic slab grave cultural monuments are
CNbBm65LDR0-00092-00024350-00024535 found in northern central and eastern
CNbBm65LDR0-00093-00024536-00024784 Mongolian inner mongolia northwestern
CNbBm65LDR0-00094-00024785-00024988 china southern central eastern and
CNbBm65LDR0-00095-00024989-00025270 southern baikal territory mongolian
CNbBm65LDR0-00096-00025271-00025417 scholars proved that this culture
CNbBm65LDR0-00097-00025418-00025675 related to the proto mongols during the
CNbBm65LDR0-00098-00025676-00025894 jo dynasty central and western inner
CNbBm65LDR0-00099-00025895-00026080 mongolia the head hell region and
CNbBm65LDR0-00100-00026081-00026263 surrounding areas were inhabited by
CNbBm65LDR0-00101-00026264-00026461 nomadic peoples such as the loof and
CNbBm65LDR0-00102-00026462-00026689 linhu and d while eastern inner mongolia
CNbBm65LDR0-00103-00026689-00026989 was inhabited by the dong who during the
CNbBm65LDR0-00104-00026989-00027312 warring States Period King willing 342
CNbBm65LDR0-00105-00027313-00027627 295 BC of the state of Jiao based in
CNbBm65LDR0-00106-00027629-00027841 what is now Hebei and Shanxi provinces
CNbBm65LDR0-00107-00027842-00028060 pursued an expansionist policy towards
CNbBm65LDR0-00108-00028061-00028327 the region after destroying the D state
CNbBm65LDR0-00109-00028327-00028498 of Jong Shan in what is now Hebei
CNbBm65LDR0-00110-00028499-00028708 province he defeated the Lin who and Liu
CNbBm65LDR0-00111-00028708-00028912 fan and created the commentary of Yun
CNbBm65LDR0-00112-00028913-00029194 Zhong near modern Hohhot King Wu Ling of
CNbBm65LDR0-00113-00029195-00029422 Jiao also built a long wall stretching
CNbBm65LDR0-00114-00029423-00029662 through the head hell region after Qin
CNbBm65LDR0-00115-00029663-00029842 Shihuang created the first unified
CNbBm65LDR0-00116-00029843-00030172 Chinese Empire in 221 BC he sent the
CNbBm65LDR0-00117-00030173-00030352 general Meng Tian to drive the Xiongnu
CNbBm65LDR0-00118-00030352-00030550 from the region and incorporated the old
CNbBm65LDR0-00119-00030551-00030760 jail wall into the Qin Dynasty Great
CNbBm65LDR0-00120-00030761-00031033 Wall of China he also maintained two
CNbBm65LDR0-00121-00031033-00031183 commentaries in the region
CNbBm65LDR0-00122-00031183-00031429 Juwan and Yun Zhong and moved 30,000
CNbBm65LDR0-00123-00031430-00031618 households there to solidify the region
CNbBm65LDR0-00124-00031619-00031965 after the Qin Dynasty collapsed in 206
CNbBm65LDR0-00125-00031966-00032188 BC these efforts were abandoned during
CNbBm65LDR0-00126-00032189-00032433 the Western Han Dynasty Emperor Wu sent
CNbBm65LDR0-00127-00032435-00032583 the general weight chain to reconquer
CNbBm65LDR0-00128-00032585-00032773 the head hell region from the Xiongnu in
CNbBm65LDR0-00129-00032774-00033157 127 BC after the conquest Emperor Wu
CNbBm65LDR0-00130-00033158-00033315 continued the policy of building
CNbBm65LDR0-00131-00033316-00033487 settlements in head out to defend
CNbBm65LDR0-00132-00033488-00033769 against the Xiong nu in that same year
CNbBm65LDR0-00133-00033770-00033967 he established the commentaries of shu
CNbBm65LDR0-00134-00033968-00034255 Alfond and wan in head i'll at the same
CNbBm65LDR0-00135-00034256-00034446 time what is now eastern inner mongolia
CNbBm65LDR0-00136-00034447-00034660 was controlled by the xianbei who would
CNbBm65LDR0-00137-00034661-00034846 later on eclipsed the Xiongnu in power
CNbBm65LDR0-00138-00034847-00035137 and influence during the eastern han
CNbBm65LDR0-00139-00035138-00035503 dynasty 25 to 220 ad Zhang knew who
CNbBm65LDR0-00140-00035504-00035704 surrendered to the Han Dynasty began to
CNbBm65LDR0-00141-00035705-00035871 be settled in head al and intermingled
CNbBm65LDR0-00142-00035872-00036045 with the Han immigrants in the area
CNbBm65LDR0-00143-00036046-00036289 later on during the Western Jin dynasty
CNbBm65LDR0-00144-00036290-00036553 it was a Xiongnu noble from head ow
CNbBm65LDR0-00145-00036554-00036754 Liu yuan who established the hangzhou
CNbBm65LDR0-00146-00036755-00036949 kingdom in the region thereby beginning
CNbBm65LDR0-00147-00036950-00037152 the sixteen kingdoms period that saw the
CNbBm65LDR0-00148-00037153-00037318 disintegration of northern
CNbBm65LDR0-00149-00037319-00037525 under a variety of Honda non-han
CNbBm65LDR0-00150-00037526-00037776 including xiongnu and xianbei regimes
CNbBm65LDR0-00151-00037777-00038260 the sway dynasty 581 to 618 and tang
CNbBm65LDR0-00152-00038261-00038644 dynasty 618 to 907 reestablished a
CNbBm65LDR0-00153-00038645-00038860 unified Chinese Empire and like their
CNbBm65LDR0-00154-00038861-00039055 predecessors they conquered and settled
CNbBm65LDR0-00155-00039056-00039241 people in to head out the once again
CNbBm65LDR0-00156-00039242-00039409 these efforts were aborted when the Tang
CNbBm65LDR0-00157-00039410-00039706 Empire began to collapse head out along
CNbBm65LDR0-00158-00039707-00039886 with the rest of what now consists Inner
CNbBm65LDR0-00159-00039887-00040084 Mongolia was then taken over by the
CNbBm65LDR0-00160-00040085-00040342 chiton Empire liao dynasty founded by
CNbBm65LDR0-00161-00040343-00040567 the kite ins a nomadic people originally
CNbBm65LDR0-00162-00040568-00040720 from what is now the southern part of
CNbBm65LDR0-00163-00040721-00041011 Manchuria in eastern Inner Mongolia they
CNbBm65LDR0-00164-00041012-00041191 were followed by the Western Shah of the
CNbBm65LDR0-00165-00041192-00041365 Tang gates who took control of what is
CNbBm65LDR0-00166-00041366-00041520 now the western part of Inner Mongolia
CNbBm65LDR0-00167-00041521-00041830 including Western head ow the kite ins
CNbBm65LDR0-00168-00041831-00042001 were later replaced by the urgent
CNbBm65LDR0-00169-00042002-00042208 precursors to the modern Manchus who
CNbBm65LDR0-00170-00042209-00042388 established the Jin dynasty over
CNbBm65LDR0-00171-00042389-00042817 Manchuria and northern China
CNbBm65LDR0-00172-00042818-00043380 topic Mongol and Ming periods
CNbBm65LDR0-00173-00043381-00043758 topic after Genghis Khan unified the
CNbBm65LDR0-00174-00043759-00044004 Mongol tribes in 1206 and founded the
CNbBm65LDR0-00175-00044005-00044229 Mongol Empire the Tangut Western Shah
CNbBm65LDR0-00176-00044230-00044505 Empire was ultimately conquered in 1227
CNbBm65LDR0-00177-00044506-00044709 and the your chin Jin dynasty fell in
CNbBm65LDR0-00178-00044710-00045168 1234 in 1271 Kublai Khan the grandson of
CNbBm65LDR0-00179-00045169-00045357 Genghis Khan established the yuan
CNbBm65LDR0-00180-00045358-00045657 dynasty Kublai Khan's summer capital
CNbBm65LDR0-00181-00045658-00045933 Chengdu aka Xanadu was located near
CNbBm65LDR0-00182-00045934-00046212 present-day duel honor during that time
CNbBm65LDR0-00183-00046213-00046374 on gate and conquer at people's
CNbBm65LDR0-00184-00046375-00046569 dominated the area of what is now Inner
CNbBm65LDR0-00185-00046570-00046863 Mongolia after the yuan dynasty was
CNbBm65LDR0-00186-00046864-00047079 overthrown by the Han led Ming Dynasty
CNbBm65LDR0-00187-00047080-00047352 in 1368 the main captured parts of Inner
CNbBm65LDR0-00188-00047353-00047553 Mongolia including Chengdu and yang
CNbBm65LDR0-00189-00047554-00047799 Chang the Ming rebuilt the Great Wall of
CNbBm65LDR0-00190-00047800-00048015 China at its present location which
CNbBm65LDR0-00191-00048016-00048192 roughly follows the southern border of
CNbBm65LDR0-00192-00048193-00048348 the modern Inner Mongolia autonomous
CNbBm65LDR0-00193-00048349-00048531 region though it deviates significantly
CNbBm65LDR0-00194-00048532-00048858 at the Hebei Inner Mongolia border the
CNbBm65LDR0-00195-00048859-00049023 Ming established the three guards
CNbBm65LDR0-00196-00049024-00049265 composed of the Mongols there soon after
CNbBm65LDR0-00197-00049266-00049557 the Tumu incident in 1449 when the or at
CNbBm65LDR0-00198-00049558-00049740 ruler a centauri she captured the
CNbBm65LDR0-00199-00049741-00049953 chinese emperor mongols flooded south
CNbBm65LDR0-00200-00049954-00050165 from outer mongolia to inner mongolia
CNbBm65LDR0-00201-00050166-00050496 thus from then on until 1635 inner
CNbBm65LDR0-00202-00050497-00050690 mongolia was the political and cultural
CNbBm65LDR0-00203-00050691-00050859 center of the mongols during the
CNbBm65LDR0-00204-00050860-00051264 northern yuan dynasty
CNbBm65LDR0-00205-00051265-00051759 topic Ching period
CNbBm65LDR0-00206-00051760-00052127 topic the eastern Mongol tribes near an
CNbBm65LDR0-00207-00052128-00052340 in Manchuria particularly the core tchen
CNbBm65LDR0-00208-00052341-00052575 and southern Kalka in today s Inner
CNbBm65LDR0-00209-00052576-00052829 Mongolia intermarried formed alliances
CNbBm65LDR0-00210-00052830-00053013 with and thought against the urgent
CNbBm65LDR0-00211-00053014-00053250 tribes until nurhachi the founder of the
CNbBm65LDR0-00212-00053251-00053532 new Jin dynasty consolidated his control
CNbBm65LDR0-00213-00053533-00053942 over all groups in the area in 1593 the
CNbBm65LDR0-00214-00053944-00054179 Manchus gained far-reaching control of
CNbBm65LDR0-00215-00054180-00054516 the inner mongolian tribes in 1635 when
CNbBm65LDR0-00216-00054516-00054830 lignan khan s son surrendered the
CNbBm65LDR0-00217-00054832-00055091 chakkar Mongol tribes to the Manchus the
CNbBm65LDR0-00218-00055092-00055308 Manchu subsequently invaded Ming China
CNbBm65LDR0-00219-00055309-00055599 in 1644 bringing it under the control of
CNbBm65LDR0-00220-00055600-00055790 their newly established Ching dynasty
CNbBm65LDR0-00221-00055791-00056223 under the Ching dynasty 1636 to 1912
CNbBm65LDR0-00222-00056224-00056445 greater Mongolia was administered in a
CNbBm65LDR0-00223-00056446-00056697 different way for each region Outer
CNbBm65LDR0-00224-00056698-00057005 Mongolia this region corresponds to the
CNbBm65LDR0-00225-00057007-00057195 modern state of Mongolia plus the
CNbBm65LDR0-00226-00057196-00057366 Russian administered region of Tana
CNbBm65LDR0-00227-00057366-00057561 uriankhai and a part of northern
CNbBm65LDR0-00228-00057562-00057879 Xinjiang it included the for leaks IMAG
CNbBm65LDR0-00229-00057879-00058079 of the Kalka mongols north of the Gobi
CNbBm65LDR0-00230-00058080-00058320 as well as the tannu uriankhai and KH
CNbBm65LDR0-00231-00058321-00058578 OVD regions in northwestern Mongolia
CNbBm65LDR0-00232-00058579-00058758 which were overseen by the general of
CNbBm65LDR0-00233-00058759-00059112 lillius dye from the city of le st inner
CNbBm65LDR0-00234-00059113-00059394 mongolia this region corresponding to
CNbBm65LDR0-00235-00059395-00059607 most of modern inner mongolia and some
CNbBm65LDR0-00236-00059608-00059772 neighbouring areas in li awning and
CNbBm65LDR0-00237-00059773-00060060 Jilin provinces the banners and tribes
CNbBm65LDR0-00238-00060061-00060249 in this region came under six leagues
CNbBm65LDR0-00239-00060250-00060573 chu algún durham judah jo soo - dillan
CNbBm65LDR0-00240-00060574-00060900 goal Yellin cobb and yucca Zhu Tao Zi
CNbBm65LDR0-00241-00060901-00061185 Mongolia the Allison allude indigene
CNbBm65LDR0-00242-00061186-00061355 tour guide banners were separate from
CNbBm65LDR0-00243-00061357-00061548 the a mags of Outer Mongolia and the
CNbBm65LDR0-00244-00061549-00061791 chileans of Inner Mongolia this
CNbBm65LDR0-00245-00061791-00061998 territory is equivalent to modern-day
CNbBm65LDR0-00246-00061999-00062208 al-khaliq the westernmost part of what
CNbBm65LDR0-00247-00062209-00062523 is now Inner Mongolia the Shahar banners
CNbBm65LDR0-00248-00062524-00062664 were controlled by the military
CNbBm65LDR0-00249-00062665-00062879 commander of Shahar now Zhang Jocko
CNbBm65LDR0-00250-00062880-00063153 their extent correspond into southern
CNbBm65LDR0-00251-00063154-00063339 Yellin Cobb and bei honor in modern
CNbBm65LDR0-00252-00063340-00063516 Inner Mongolia plus the region around
CNbBm65LDR0-00253-00063516-00063834 John Jaco in Hebei province at the same
CNbBm65LDR0-00254-00063835-00064032 time the jurisdiction of some border
CNbBm65LDR0-00255-00064033-00064266 departments of Jillian Shanxi provinces
CNbBm65LDR0-00256-00064266-00064557 also belonged to this region the Gila
CNbBm65LDR0-00257-00064558-00064722 Tong banner was controlled by the
CNbBm65LDR0-00258-00064723-00064904 military commander of suyuan
CNbBm65LDR0-00259-00064905-00065154 now Hohhot this correspond
CNbBm65LDR0-00260-00065154-00065334 to the vicinities of the modern city of
CNbBm65LDR0-00261-00065335-00065610 hohot at the same time the jurisdiction
CNbBm65LDR0-00262-00065611-00065784 of some border departments of modern
CNbBm65LDR0-00263-00065785-00065985 Shanxi province also belong to this
CNbBm65LDR0-00264-00065986-00066288 region the Hulan beer region in what is
CNbBm65LDR0-00265-00066289-00066516 now northeastern Inner Mongolia was part
CNbBm65LDR0-00266-00066517-00066696 of the jurisdiction of the general of
CNbBm65LDR0-00267-00066697-00066888 Heilongjiang one of the three generals
CNbBm65LDR0-00268-00066889-00067119 of Manchuria the inner Mongolian Shahar
CNbBm65LDR0-00269-00067120-00067323 leader lignan khan a descendant of
CNbBm65LDR0-00270-00067324-00067530 genghis khan opposed and fought against
CNbBm65LDR0-00271-00067531-00067726 the chain until he died of smallpox in
CNbBm65LDR0-00272-00067727-00068088 1634 thereafter the inner mongols under
CNbBm65LDR0-00273-00068089-00068271 his son aji Khan surrendered to the
CNbBm65LDR0-00274-00068272-00068450 Ching and was given the title of Prince
CNbBm65LDR0-00275-00068451-00068715 chin Wong chin Wang an inner Mongolian
CNbBm65LDR0-00276-00068716-00068906 nobility became closely tied to the
CNbBm65LDR0-00277-00068907-00069107 Ching royal family and intermarried with
CNbBm65LDR0-00278-00069108-00069486 them extensively aji Khan died in 1661
CNbBm65LDR0-00279-00069487-00069719 and was succeeded by his brother Abu nie
CNbBm65LDR0-00280-00069720-00069975 after a boon I showed disaffection with
CNbBm65LDR0-00281-00069976-00070194 Manchu Qing rule he was placed under
CNbBm65LDR0-00282-00070195-00070500 house arrest in 1669 in Shenyang and the
CNbBm65LDR0-00283-00070501-00070676 Kang Zi Emperor gave his title to his
CNbBm65LDR0-00284-00070677-00070968 son born II a boon I then bid his time
CNbBm65LDR0-00285-00070969-00071148 and then he and his brother Liu Bing
CNbBm65LDR0-00286-00071149-00071409 revolted against the chain in 1675
CNbBm65LDR0-00287-00071410-00071544 during the revolt of the three
CNbBm65LDR0-00288-00071545-00071784 feudatories with 3,000 Shahar Mongol
CNbBm65LDR0-00289-00071785-00072038 followers joining in on the revolt the
CNbBm65LDR0-00290-00072039-00072210 revolt was put down within two months
CNbBm65LDR0-00291-00072211-00072407 the ching then crushed the rebels in a
CNbBm65LDR0-00292-00072408-00072744 battle on April 20th 1675 killing Abu
CNbBm65LDR0-00293-00072745-00073013 nie and all his followers their title
CNbBm65LDR0-00294-00073014-00073221 was abolished all Shahar mongol royal
CNbBm65LDR0-00295-00073222-00073410 males were executed even if they were
CNbBm65LDR0-00296-00073411-00073623 born to manchu qing princesses and all
CNbBm65LDR0-00297-00073624-00073836 Shahar mongol royal females were sold
CNbBm65LDR0-00298-00073837-00074001 into slavery except the Manchu Qing
CNbBm65LDR0-00299-00074002-00074294 princesses the Shahar Mongols were then
CNbBm65LDR0-00300-00074295-00074493 put under the direct control of the Qing
CNbBm65LDR0-00301-00074494-00074667 Emperor unlike the other inner Mongol
CNbBm65LDR0-00302-00074668-00074891 leagues which maintained their autonomy
CNbBm65LDR0-00303-00074892-00075131 despite officially prohibiting Han
CNbBm65LDR0-00304-00075132-00075318 Chinese settlement on the Manchu and
CNbBm65LDR0-00305-00075319-00075540 Mongol lands by the 18th century the
CNbBm65LDR0-00306-00075541-00075750 chain decided to settle Han refugees
CNbBm65LDR0-00307-00075751-00075924 from northern China who were suffering
CNbBm65LDR0-00308-00075925-00076118 from famine floods and droughts into
CNbBm65LDR0-00309-00076119-00076341 Manchuria and Inner Mongolia so that Han
CNbBm65LDR0-00310-00076342-00076596 Chinese farmed 500,000 hectares in
CNbBm65LDR0-00311-00076597-00076781 Manchuria and tens of thousands of
CNbBm65LDR0-00312-00076782-00077046 hectares in Inner Mongolia by the 1780s
CNbBm65LDR0-00313-00077047-00077223 ordinary Mongols were not allowed to
CNbBm65LDR0-00314-00077224-00077511 travel outside their own leagues Mongols
CNbBm65LDR0-00315-00077512-00077657 were forbidden by the Ching from
CNbBm65LDR0-00316-00077658-00077825 crossing the borders of their banners
CNbBm65LDR0-00317-00077826-00078038 even into other Mongol banners and from
CNbBm65LDR0-00318-00078039-00078267 crossing into needy the Han Chinese 18
CNbBm65LDR0-00319-00078268-00078342 provinces
CNbBm65LDR0-00320-00078343-00078540 and were given serious punishment to
CNbBm65LDR0-00321-00078541-00078696 they did in order to keep the Mongols
CNbBm65LDR0-00322-00078697-00078881 divided against each other to benefit
CNbBm65LDR0-00323-00078882-00079023 the chain during the 18th century
CNbBm65LDR0-00324-00079024-00079272 growing numbers of Han Chinese settlers
CNbBm65LDR0-00325-00079273-00079440 had illegally begun to move into the
CNbBm65LDR0-00326-00079441-00079787 inner Mongolian steppe by 1791 there had
CNbBm65LDR0-00327-00079788-00080016 been so many Han Chinese settlers in the
CNbBm65LDR0-00328-00080017-00080225 front Goro's banner that the jasec had
CNbBm65LDR0-00329-00080226-00080379 petitioned the qing government to
CNbBm65LDR0-00330-00080380-00080567 legalize the status of the peasants who
CNbBm65LDR0-00331-00080568-00080732 had already settled there during the
CNbBm65LDR0-00332-00080733-00080946 19th century the Manchus were becoming
CNbBm65LDR0-00333-00080947-00081153 increasingly cinah sized and faced with
CNbBm65LDR0-00334-00081154-00081305 the Russian threat they began to
CNbBm65LDR0-00335-00081306-00081512 encourage Han Chinese farmers to settle
CNbBm65LDR0-00336-00081513-00081788 in both Mongolia and Manchuria this
CNbBm65LDR0-00337-00081789-00081966 policy was followed by subsequent
CNbBm65LDR0-00338-00081967-00082179 governments the railroads that were
CNbBm65LDR0-00339-00082180-00082317 being built in these regions were
CNbBm65LDR0-00340-00082318-00082503 especially useful to the Han Chinese
CNbBm65LDR0-00341-00082504-00082811 settlers land was either sold by Mongol
CNbBm65LDR0-00342-00082812-00083051 princes or leased to Han Chinese farmers
CNbBm65LDR0-00343-00083052-00083282 or simply taken away from the nomads and
CNbBm65LDR0-00344-00083283-00083574 given to Han Chinese farmers the Jin Dan
CNbBm65LDR0-00345-00083575-00083780 Dao incident a rebellion by an ethnic
CNbBm65LDR0-00346-00083781-00084009 Chinese secret society called Jin Dan
CNbBm65LDR0-00347-00084010-00084180 Dao occurred in Inner Mongolia in
CNbBm65LDR0-00348-00084181-00084534 November 1891 and massacred 150,000
CNbBm65LDR0-00349-00084535-00084699 Mongols before being suppressed by
CNbBm65LDR0-00350-00084700-00085192 government troops in late December
CNbBm65LDR0-00351-00085193-00085438 topic Republic of China in the Second
CNbBm65LDR0-00352-00085439-00085865 World War periods
CNbBm65LDR0-00353-00085866-00086189 topic Outer Mongolia gained independence
CNbBm65LDR0-00354-00086190-00086495 from the Ching dynasty in 1911 when the
CNbBm65LDR0-00355-00086496-00086708 Jets and Ambika dug two of the Kalka was
CNbBm65LDR0-00356-00086709-00086905 declared the Bogut Khan of Mongolia
CNbBm65LDR0-00357-00086906-00087149 although almost all banders of Inner
CNbBm65LDR0-00358-00087150-00087383 Mongolia recognized the Bogut Khan as
CNbBm65LDR0-00359-00087384-00087563 the supreme ruler of Mongols the
CNbBm65LDR0-00360-00087564-00087722 internal strife within the region
CNbBm65LDR0-00361-00087723-00087916 prevented a full reunification the
CNbBm65LDR0-00362-00087917-00088193 Mongol rebellions in Inner Mongolia were
CNbBm65LDR0-00363-00088194-00088385 counterbalanced by princes who hope to
CNbBm65LDR0-00364-00088386-00088622 see a restored Qing Dynasty in Manchuria
CNbBm65LDR0-00365-00088623-00088805 and Mongolia as they considered the
CNbBm65LDR0-00366-00088806-00089009 theocratic rule of the bogit Khan would
CNbBm65LDR0-00367-00089010-00089192 be against their modernising objectives
CNbBm65LDR0-00368-00089193-00089489 for Mongolia eventually the newly formed
CNbBm65LDR0-00369-00089490-00089726 Republic of China promised a new nation
CNbBm65LDR0-00370-00089727-00090038 of five races Han Manchu Mongol Tibetan
CNbBm65LDR0-00371-00090039-00090215 and Weger and suppress a mongol
CNbBm65LDR0-00372-00090216-00090407 rebellions in the area forcing the inner
CNbBm65LDR0-00373-00090408-00090599 mongolian princes to recognize the
CNbBm65LDR0-00374-00090600-00090899 Republic of China the Republic of China
CNbBm65LDR0-00375-00090900-00091106 reorganized Inner Mongolia into
CNbBm65LDR0-00376-00091107-00091412 provinces Reap province was created to
CNbBm65LDR0-00377-00091413-00091595 include the Judah and Joe su two leagues
CNbBm65LDR0-00378-00091596-00091799 plus the Chengdu area in what is now
CNbBm65LDR0-00379-00091800-00092105 northern Hebei Shahar province was
CNbBm65LDR0-00380-00092106-00092300 created to includes ihling the league as
CNbBm65LDR0-00381-00092301-00092495 well as much of the former territory of
CNbBm65LDR0-00382-00092496-00092810 the eight banners suyuan province was
CNbBm65LDR0-00383-00092811-00092996 created to include Yulin Cobb League
CNbBm65LDR0-00384-00092997-00093173 hyuk-joo League and the header region
CNbBm65LDR0-00385-00093174-00093527 former GU atomic territory Hulan beer
CNbBm65LDR0-00386-00093528-00093734 stayed with in Heilongjiang in Manchuria
CNbBm65LDR0-00387-00093735-00094052 which had become a province most of germ
CNbBm65LDR0-00388-00094053-00094229 league came under the new province of
CNbBm65LDR0-00389-00094230-00094523 fang john in southern Manchuria tashi
CNbBm65LDR0-00390-00094524-00094847 mongolia ie Allison and a gene Leakes
CNbBm65LDR0-00391-00094848-00095066 was incorporated into neighboring gansu
CNbBm65LDR0-00392-00095067-00095318 province later on ningxia province was
CNbBm65LDR0-00393-00095319-00095519 split out of northern Gansu and towhee
CNbBm65LDR0-00394-00095520-00095741 mongolia became part of ninja some
CNbBm65LDR0-00395-00095742-00095939 Republic of China Maps still show this
CNbBm65LDR0-00396-00095940-00096209 structure the history of inner mongolia
CNbBm65LDR0-00397-00096210-00096404 during the second world war as
CNbBm65LDR0-00398-00096405-00096629 complicated with japanese invasion and
CNbBm65LDR0-00399-00096630-00096815 different kinds of resistance movements
CNbBm65LDR0-00400-00096816-00097148 in 1931 Manchuria came under the control
CNbBm65LDR0-00401-00097149-00097400 of the Japanese puppet state Manchukuo
CNbBm65LDR0-00402-00097401-00097586 taking some mongol areas in the
CNbBm65LDR0-00403-00097587-00097751 Manchurian provinces ie
CNbBm65LDR0-00404-00097752-00098057 foolin beer and germ leaks along REE was
CNbBm65LDR0-00405-00098058-00098345 also incorporated into Manchukuo in 1933
CNbBm65LDR0-00406-00098346-00098621 taking Ju Yuda and Jo soo two leagues
CNbBm65LDR0-00407-00098622-00098903 along with it these areas were occupied
CNbBm65LDR0-00408-00098904-00099098 by Manchukuo until the end of World War
CNbBm65LDR0-00409-00099099-00099215 two in 19
CNbBm65LDR0-00410-00099216-00099688 45 in 1937 the Empire of Japan openly
CNbBm65LDR0-00411-00099689-00099886 and fully invaded Republic of China by
CNbBm65LDR0-00412-00099887-00100292 war on December 8th 1937 Mongolian
CNbBm65LDR0-00413-00100293-00100517 Prince dam Duk dong Grubb also known as
CNbBm65LDR0-00414-00100518-00100819 de Wong declared an independence of the
CNbBm65LDR0-00415-00100820-00101050 remaining parts of Inner Mongolia ie the
CNbBm65LDR0-00416-00101051-00101281 suyuan and Shahar provinces as Meng
CNbBm65LDR0-00417-00101282-00101437 giong and signed an agreement with
CNbBm65LDR0-00418-00101438-00101743 Manchukuo and Japan its capital was
CNbBm65LDR0-00419-00101744-00101942 established at Zhong Bay now in hebei
CNbBm65LDR0-00420-00101943-00102122 province with the Japanese puppet
CNbBm65LDR0-00421-00102123-00102290 government's control extending as far
CNbBm65LDR0-00422-00102291-00102586 west as the Hohhot region the Japanese
CNbBm65LDR0-00423-00102588-00102793 advanced was defeated by wei muslim
CNbBm65LDR0-00424-00102794-00103003 general ma hongbin at the Battle of West
CNbBm65LDR0-00425-00103004-00103388 suyuan and Battle of Wu on after 1945
CNbBm65LDR0-00426-00103389-00103591 inner mongolia has remained part of
CNbBm65LDR0-00427-00103592-00103909 china the Mongol Yuan who fought against
CNbBm65LDR0-00428-00103910-00104227 the Japanese ethnic Mongolian guerrilla
CNbBm65LDR0-00429-00104228-00104419 units were created by the Kuomintang
CNbBm65LDR0-00430-00104420-00104584 nationalists to fight against the
CNbBm65LDR0-00431-00104585-00104798 Japanese during the war in the late 30s
CNbBm65LDR0-00432-00104799-00104902 and early 40s
CNbBm65LDR0-00433-00104903-00105166 these Mongol militias were created by
CNbBm65LDR0-00434-00105167-00105395 the Agena lasha based commissioner s
CNbBm65LDR0-00435-00105396-00105626 office is created by the Kuomintang
CNbBm65LDR0-00436-00105627-00105968 Prince dem chugged and Rob s Mongols
CNbBm65LDR0-00437-00105969-00106177 were targeted by Kuomintang Mongols to
CNbBm65LDR0-00438-00106178-00106399 defect to the Republic of China the
CNbBm65LDR0-00439-00106400-00106729 Nationalists recruited 1700s nick
CNbBm65LDR0-00440-00106730-00106946 minority fighters in inner mongolia and
CNbBm65LDR0-00441-00106947-00107158 created war zones in the two met banner
CNbBm65LDR0-00442-00107159-00107693 launched a bleak and Ordos Yakka Julie
CNbBm65LDR0-00443-00107694-00108265 topic People's Republic of China
CNbBm65LDR0-00444-00108266-00108622 topic the communist movement gradually
CNbBm65LDR0-00445-00108623-00108778 gained momentum as part of the third
CNbBm65LDR0-00446-00108779-00108940 communist international in inner
CNbBm65LDR0-00447-00108941-00109225 mongolia during the japanese period by
CNbBm65LDR0-00448-00109226-00109408 the end of world war ii the inner
CNbBm65LDR0-00449-00109408-00109621 mongolian faction of the Comintern had a
CNbBm65LDR0-00450-00109622-00109822 functional militia and actively opposed
CNbBm65LDR0-00451-00109823-00110061 the attempts at independence by Diwan as
CNbBm65LDR0-00452-00110063-00110283 ginga said princes on the grounds of
CNbBm65LDR0-00453-00110284-00110539 fighting feudalism following the end of
CNbBm65LDR0-00454-00110540-00110824 world war ii the chinese communists gain
CNbBm65LDR0-00455-00110825-00111046 control of Manchuria as well as the
CNbBm65LDR0-00456-00111047-00111304 inner mongolian communists with decisive
CNbBm65LDR0-00457-00111305-00111532 Soviet support and established the Inner
CNbBm65LDR0-00458-00111533-00111970 Mongolia autonomous region in 1947 the
CNbBm65LDR0-00459-00111971-00112183 Comintern army was absorbed into the
CNbBm65LDR0-00460-00112183-00112525 people s Liberation Army initially the
CNbBm65LDR0-00461-00112526-00112717 autonomous region included just the
CNbBm65LDR0-00462-00112718-00112966 Hulan beer region over the next decade
CNbBm65LDR0-00463-00112967-00113143 as the Communists established the
CNbBm65LDR0-00464-00113144-00113296 People's Republic of China and
CNbBm65LDR0-00465-00113297-00113545 consolidated control over mainland China
CNbBm65LDR0-00466-00113546-00113803 Inner Mongolia was expanded westwards to
CNbBm65LDR0-00467-00113804-00114001 include five of the six original leagues
CNbBm65LDR0-00468-00114002-00114232 except Jo su two league which remains in
CNbBm65LDR0-00469-00114233-00114427 Liaoning province the northern part of
CNbBm65LDR0-00470-00114428-00114601 the Shahar region by then a league as
CNbBm65LDR0-00471-00114602-00114796 well southern Shahar remains in Hebei
CNbBm65LDR0-00472-00114797-00114984 province the heddle region and the
CNbBm65LDR0-00473-00114985-00115273 Alishan and a jean banners eventually
CNbBm65LDR0-00474-00115274-00115474 near all areas with sizeable mongol
CNbBm65LDR0-00475-00115475-00115666 populations were incorporated into the
CNbBm65LDR0-00476-00115667-00115858 region giving present-day inner mongolia
CNbBm65LDR0-00477-00115858-00116164 its elongated shape the leader of inner
CNbBm65LDR0-00478-00116165-00116353 mongolia during that time as both
CNbBm65LDR0-00479-00116354-00116596 regional CPC secretary and head of
CNbBm65LDR0-00480-00116597-00116896 regional government was Ilan who during
CNbBm65LDR0-00481-00116897-00117052 the Cultural Revolution the
CNbBm65LDR0-00482-00117053-00117256 administration of Ilan who was purged
CNbBm65LDR0-00483-00117257-00117483 and a wave of repressions was initiated
CNbBm65LDR0-00484-00117484-00117658 against the Mongol population of the
CNbBm65LDR0-00485-00117658-00118027 Autonomous Region in 1969 much of Inner
CNbBm65LDR0-00486-00118028-00118195 Mongolia was distributed among
CNbBm65LDR0-00487-00118196-00118417 surrounding provinces with huland beer
CNbBm65LDR0-00488-00118418-00118630 divided between Heilongjiang and Jilin
CNbBm65LDR0-00489-00118631-00118927 jurhum going to jail in juu Ditullio
CNbBm65LDR0-00490-00118928-00119143 knee and the Allyson and a Jean region
CNbBm65LDR0-00491-00119144-00119433 divided among Gansu and ninja this was
CNbBm65LDR0-00492-00119434-00119857 reversed in 1979 Inner Mongolia has seen
CNbBm65LDR0-00493-00119858-00120040 considerable development since Deng
CNbBm65LDR0-00494-00120041-00120261 Xiaoping instituted Chinese economic
CNbBm65LDR0-00495-00120263-00120628 reform in 1978 for about ten years since
CNbBm65LDR0-00496-00120629-00120952 2000 Inner Mongolia GDP growth has been
CNbBm65LDR0-00497-00120953-00121114 the highest in the country along with
CNbBm65LDR0-00498-00121115-00121327 Guangdong largely owing to the success
CNbBm65LDR0-00499-00121328-00121522 of natural resource industries in the
CNbBm65LDR0-00500-00121523-00121618 region
CNbBm65LDR0-00501-00121619-00121897 GDP growth has continually been over ten
CNbBm65LDR0-00502-00121898-00122182 percent even 15% in connections with the
CNbBm65LDR0-00503-00122183-00122361 wolf economy to the north has helped
CNbBm65LDR0-00504-00122362-00122644 development however growth has come at a
CNbBm65LDR0-00505-00122645-00122850 cost with huge amounts of pollution and
CNbBm65LDR0-00506-00122851-00123133 degradation to the grasslands attempts
CNbBm65LDR0-00507-00123133-00123331 to attract ethnic Chinese to migrate
CNbBm65LDR0-00508-00123332-00123534 from other regions as well as urbanized
CNbBm65LDR0-00509-00123535-00123750 those rural nomads and peasants has led
CNbBm65LDR0-00510-00123751-00123931 to huge amounts of corruption and waste
CNbBm65LDR0-00511-00123932-00124197 in public spending such as Ordo city
CNbBm65LDR0-00512-00124198-00124464 acute uneven wealth distribution has
CNbBm65LDR0-00513-00124465-00124716 further exacerbated ethnic tensions many
CNbBm65LDR0-00514-00124717-00124914 indigenous Mongolians feeling they are
CNbBm65LDR0-00515-00124915-00125107 increasingly marginalized in their own
CNbBm65LDR0-00516-00125108-00125356 homeland leading to riots in 2011 and
CNbBm65LDR0-00517-00125357-00125733 2013
CNbBm65LDR0-00518-00125733-00126260 topic geography
CNbBm65LDR0-00519-00126261-00126614 topic officially Inner Mongolia is
CNbBm65LDR0-00520-00126615-00126795 classified as one of the provincial
CNbBm65LDR0-00521-00126796-00126996 level divisions of North China but it's
CNbBm65LDR0-00522-00126997-00127166 great stretch means that parts of it
CNbBm65LDR0-00523-00127167-00127332 belonged to North East China and North
CNbBm65LDR0-00524-00127333-00127596 West China as well it borders 8
CNbBm65LDR0-00525-00127597-00127800 provincial level divisions in all three
CNbBm65LDR0-00526-00127801-00127934 of the aforementioned regions
CNbBm65LDR0-00527-00127935-00128283 Heilongjiang Jilin Leone Hebei Shanxi
CNbBm65LDR0-00528-00128283-00128603 Shanxi mingi and Gansu tying with Shanxi
CNbBm65LDR0-00529-00128604-00128753 for the greatest number of bordering
CNbBm65LDR0-00530-00128754-00129026 provincial level divisions most of its
CNbBm65LDR0-00531-00129027-00129236 international borders with Mongolia
CNbBm65LDR0-00532-00129238-00129444 which in Chinese is sometimes called
CNbBm65LDR0-00533-00129445-00129779 Outer Mongolia while a small portion is
CNbBm65LDR0-00534-00129780-00130068 with Russia's sub a call ski cry Inner
CNbBm65LDR0-00535-00130069-00130275 Mongolia largely consists of the
CNbBm65LDR0-00536-00130276-00130473 northern side of the North China cratan
CNbBm65LDR0-00537-00130474-00130713 a tilted and sedimented Precambrian bloc
CNbBm65LDR0-00538-00130714-00131007 in the extreme southwest as the edge of
CNbBm65LDR0-00539-00131008-00131220 the Tibetan Plateau where the autonomous
CNbBm65LDR0-00540-00131221-00131424 regions highest peak main peak in the
CNbBm65LDR0-00541-00131425-00131784 Hellen mountains reaches 3000 556 metres
CNbBm65LDR0-00542-00131785-00132009 eleven thousand six hundred seventy feet
CNbBm65LDR0-00543-00132010-00132191 and is still being pushed up today in
CNbBm65LDR0-00544-00132192-00132498 short bursts most of Inner Mongolia as a
CNbBm65LDR0-00545-00132499-00132838 plateau averaging around 1200 metres
CNbBm65LDR0-00546-00132839-00133146 3,900 40 feet in altitude and covered by
CNbBm65LDR0-00547-00133147-00133443 extensive lowest sand sand deposits the
CNbBm65LDR0-00548-00133444-00133644 northern part consists of the Mesozoic
CNbBm65LDR0-00549-00133645-00133848 era Qing and mountains and is owing to
CNbBm65LDR0-00550-00133849-00134066 the cooler climate more forested chiefly
CNbBm65LDR0-00551-00134067-00134334 with Manchurian elm ash birch Mongolian
CNbBm65LDR0-00552-00134335-00134501 oak and a number of pine and spruce
CNbBm65LDR0-00553-00134502-00134757 species where discontinuous permafrost
CNbBm65LDR0-00554-00134758-00135009 is present north of hilar district
CNbBm65LDR0-00555-00135010-00135179 forests are almost exclusively
CNbBm65LDR0-00556-00135180-00135444 coniferous in the south the natural
CNbBm65LDR0-00557-00135445-00135669 vegetation is grassland in the east and
CNbBm65LDR0-00558-00135670-00135897 very sparse in the arid West and grazing
CNbBm65LDR0-00559-00135898-00136218 is the dominant economic activity owing
CNbBm65LDR0-00560-00136219-00136391 to the ancient weathered rocks lying
CNbBm65LDR0-00561-00136392-00136593 under its deep sedimentary cover Inner
CNbBm65LDR0-00562-00136594-00136814 Mongolia as a major mining district
CNbBm65LDR0-00563-00136815-00137025 possessing large reserves of coal iron
CNbBm65LDR0-00564-00137026-00137232 ore and rare earth minerals which have
CNbBm65LDR0-00565-00137233-00137719 made it a major industrial region today
CNbBm65LDR0-00566-00137720-00138191 topic climate
CNbBm65LDR0-00567-00138192-00138563 topic due to its elongated shape Inner
CNbBm65LDR0-00568-00138564-00138797 Mongolia has a wide variety of regional
CNbBm65LDR0-00569-00138798-00139031 climates throughout the region the
CNbBm65LDR0-00570-00139032-00139217 climate is based off a four season
CNbBm65LDR0-00571-00139218-00139475 monsoon climate the winters in Inner
CNbBm65LDR0-00572-00139476-00139742 Mongolia are very long cold and dry with
CNbBm65LDR0-00573-00139743-00139946 frequent blizzards those snowfall is so
CNbBm65LDR0-00574-00139947-00140147 light that Inner Mongolia has no modern
CNbBm65LDR0-00575-00140148-00140321 glaciers even on the highest Hellen
CNbBm65LDR0-00576-00140322-00140624 peaks the spring is short mild and arid
CNbBm65LDR0-00577-00140625-00140837 with large dangerous sandstorms whilst
CNbBm65LDR0-00578-00140838-00140999 the summer is very warm to hot and
CNbBm65LDR0-00579-00141000-00141194 relatively humid except in the West
CNbBm65LDR0-00580-00141195-00141488 where it remains dry autumn is brief and
CNbBm65LDR0-00581-00141489-00141692 sees a steady cooling with temperatures
CNbBm65LDR0-00582-00141693-00141959 below zero degrees Celsius 32 degrees
CNbBm65LDR0-00583-00141960-00142154 Fahrenheit reached in October in the
CNbBm65LDR0-00584-00142155-00142435 north and November in the south
CNbBm65LDR0-00585-00142436-00142688 officially most of Inner Mongolia is
CNbBm65LDR0-00586-00142689-00142913 classified as either a cold arid or step
CNbBm65LDR0-00587-00142914-00143339 regime Copan bwk BSK respectively the
CNbBm65LDR0-00588-00143340-00143510 small portion besides these are
CNbBm65LDR0-00589-00143511-00143732 classified as humid continental Copan
CNbBm65LDR0-00590-00143733-00144041 dwb in the Northeast or subarctic Copan
CNbBm65LDR0-00591-00144042-00144608 dwc in the far north near huland beer
CNbBm65LDR0-00592-00144609-00145195 topic administrative divisions
CNbBm65LDR0-00593-00145196-00145554 topic inner mongolia is divided into
CNbBm65LDR0-00594-00145555-00145822 twelve prefecture-level divisions until
CNbBm65LDR0-00595-00145823-00146047 the late 1990s most of inner mongolia
CNbBm65LDR0-00596-00146048-00146253 spree flexural regions were known as
CNbBm65LDR0-00597-00146254-00146490 Leakes Chinese many usage retained from
CNbBm65LDR0-00598-00146491-00146702 mongol divisions of the Ching dynasty
CNbBm65LDR0-00599-00146703-00146956 similarly county-level divisions are
CNbBm65LDR0-00600-00146957-00147252 often known as banners Chinese since the
CNbBm65LDR0-00601-00147253-00147498 1990s numerous leagues have converted
CNbBm65LDR0-00602-00147499-00147673 into prefecture-level cities although
CNbBm65LDR0-00603-00147674-00147960 banners remain the restructuring led to
CNbBm65LDR0-00604-00147961-00148171 the conversion of primate cities in most
CNbBm65LDR0-00605-00148172-00148326 leagues to convert to districts
CNbBm65LDR0-00606-00148327-00148416 administratively
CNbBm65LDR0-00607-00148417-00148735 ie hilar ginning and Dongsheng some
CNbBm65LDR0-00608-00148736-00148945 newly founded prefecture-level cities
CNbBm65LDR0-00609-00148946-00149136 have chosen to retain the original name
CNbBm65LDR0-00610-00149137-00149368 of league ie huland beer Bay under
CNbBm65LDR0-00611-00149369-00149598 inulin cob some have adopted the Chinese
CNbBm65LDR0-00612-00149599-00149790 name of their primate City chief Fang
CNbBm65LDR0-00613-00149791-00149985 Tung Liao and one League yekke jew
CNbBm65LDR0-00614-00149986-00150303 simply renamed itself Ordos despite
CNbBm65LDR0-00615-00150304-00150486 these recent administrative changes
CNbBm65LDR0-00616-00150487-00150685 there is no indication that the Alxa
CNbBm65LDR0-00617-00150686-00150849 pengon and zil Engel leagues will
CNbBm65LDR0-00618-00150850-00151045 convert to prefecture-level cities in
CNbBm65LDR0-00619-00151046-00151270 the near future the twelve
CNbBm65LDR0-00620-00151271-00151456 prefecture-level divisions of Inner
CNbBm65LDR0-00621-00151457-00151710 Mongolia are subdivided into 100 to
CNbBm65LDR0-00622-00151711-00151938 county-level divisions including 22
CNbBm65LDR0-00623-00151939-00152241 districts xi county-level cities 17
CNbBm65LDR0-00624-00152242-00152518 counties 49 banners and 3 autonomous
CNbBm65LDR0-00625-00152519-00152794 banners those are in turn divided into
CNbBm65LDR0-00626-00152795-00153110 1425 Township level divisions including
CNbBm65LDR0-00627-00153111-00153666 532 towns 407 townships 277 sumu 18
CNbBm65LDR0-00628-00153667-00153978 ethnic townships one ethnic sumu and 190
CNbBm65LDR0-00629-00153979-00154330 sub districts
CNbBm65LDR0-00630-00154331-00154836 topic urban areas
CNbBm65LDR0-00631-00154837-00155236 topic
CNbBm65LDR0-00632-00155237-00155744 topic economy
CNbBm65LDR0-00633-00155745-00156077 topic farming of crops such as wheat
CNbBm65LDR0-00634-00156078-00156275 takes precedence along the river valleys
CNbBm65LDR0-00635-00156276-00156554 in the more arid grasslands herding of
CNbBm65LDR0-00636-00156555-00156770 goats sheep and so on as a traditional
CNbBm65LDR0-00637-00156771-00157028 method of subsistence forestry and
CNbBm65LDR0-00638-00157029-00157193 hunting are somewhat important in the
CNbBm65LDR0-00639-00157194-00157381 greater King and ranges in the east
CNbBm65LDR0-00640-00157382-00157607 reindeer herding is carried out by a
CNbBm65LDR0-00641-00157608-00157826 Vance in the Evancho autonomous banner
CNbBm65LDR0-00642-00157827-00158060 more recently growing grapes and
CNbBm65LDR0-00643-00158061-00158198 winemaking have become an economic
CNbBm65LDR0-00644-00158199-00158507 factor in the Wye area Inner Mongolia
CNbBm65LDR0-00645-00158508-00158750 has an abundance of resources especially
CNbBm65LDR0-00646-00158751-00159050 coal cashmere natural gas rare earth
CNbBm65LDR0-00647-00159051-00159242 elements and has more deposits of
CNbBm65LDR0-00648-00159243-00159461 naturally occurring niobium zirconium
CNbBm65LDR0-00649-00159462-00159641 and beryllium than any other province
CNbBm65LDR0-00650-00159642-00159929 level region in China however in the
CNbBm65LDR0-00651-00159930-00160181 past the exploitation and utilization of
CNbBm65LDR0-00652-00160182-00160385 resources were rather inefficient which
CNbBm65LDR0-00653-00160386-00160565 resulted in poor returns from rich
CNbBm65LDR0-00654-00160566-00160871 resources Inner Mongolia is also an
CNbBm65LDR0-00655-00160872-00161081 important coal production base with more
CNbBm65LDR0-00656-00161082-00161222 than a quarter of the world's coal
CNbBm65LDR0-00657-00161223-00161486 reserves located in the province it
CNbBm65LDR0-00658-00161487-00161693 plans to double annual coal output by
CNbBm65LDR0-00659-00161694-00162077 2010 from the 2005 volume of 260 million
CNbBm65LDR0-00660-00162078-00162311 tonnes to 500 million tons of coal a
CNbBm65LDR0-00661-00162312-00162629 year industry in Inner Mongolia has
CNbBm65LDR0-00662-00162630-00162812 grown up mainly around coal power
CNbBm65LDR0-00663-00162813-00163064 generation forestry related industries
CNbBm65LDR0-00664-00163065-00163346 and related industries Inner Mongolia
CNbBm65LDR0-00665-00163347-00163571 now encourages six competitive
CNbBm65LDR0-00666-00163572-00163838 industries energy chemicals metallurgy
CNbBm65LDR0-00667-00163839-00164072 equipment manufacturing processing a
CNbBm65LDR0-00668-00164073-00164270 farm including dairy produce and
CNbBm65LDR0-00669-00164271-00164377 high-technology
CNbBm65LDR0-00670-00164378-00164669 well known inner mongolian enterprises
CNbBm65LDR0-00671-00164670-00164888 include companies such as air dish ela
CNbBm65LDR0-00672-00164889-00165227 and menu the nominal GDP of inner
CNbBm65LDR0-00673-00165228-00165604 mongolia in 2015 was 1.8 trillion yuan
CNbBm65LDR0-00674-00165605-00165887 272 point 1 billion dollars with an
CNbBm65LDR0-00675-00165888-00166121 average annual increase of 10% from the
CNbBm65LDR0-00676-00166122-00166547 period 2010 to 2015 its per capita gdp
CNbBm65LDR0-00677-00166548-00166943 reached 11,500 dollars in 2015 ranking
CNbBm65LDR0-00678-00166944-00167183 no fourth among all the 31 provinces of
CNbBm65LDR0-00679-00167184-00167420 China only after Shanghai Beijing and
CNbBm65LDR0-00680-00167421-00167657 Tianjin as with much of China economic
CNbBm65LDR0-00681-00167658-00167861 growth has led to a boom in construction
CNbBm65LDR0-00682-00167862-00168056 including new commercial development and
CNbBm65LDR0-00683-00168057-00168368 large apartment complexes in addition to
CNbBm65LDR0-00684-00168369-00168569 its large reserves of natural resources
CNbBm65LDR0-00685-00168570-00168782 Inner Mongolia also has the largest
CNbBm65LDR0-00686-00168783-00169016 usable wind power capacity in China
CNbBm65LDR0-00687-00169017-00169133 thanks to strong win
CNbBm65LDR0-00688-00169134-00169283 which develop in the provinces
CNbBm65LDR0-00689-00169284-00169568 grasslands some private companies have
CNbBm65LDR0-00690-00169569-00169754 set up wind parks in parts of Inner
CNbBm65LDR0-00691-00169755-00169979 Mongolia such as bailing me out huh ding
CNbBm65LDR0-00692-00169980-00170288 Liang and Zhu Zi topic economic and
CNbBm65LDR0-00693-00170289-00170504 technological development zones topic
CNbBm65LDR0-00694-00170505-00170708 bout own national rare earth hi-tech
CNbBm65LDR0-00695-00170709-00170906 Industrial Development zone aren ha
CNbBm65LDR0-00696-00170907-00171173 border Economic Cooperation area ho hot
CNbBm65LDR0-00697-00171174-00171416 export processing zone ho hot export
CNbBm65LDR0-00698-00171417-00171638 processing zone was established on June
CNbBm65LDR0-00699-00171639-00171956 21st 2002 by the State Council which is
CNbBm65LDR0-00700-00171957-00172151 located in the west of the hohot with a
CNbBm65LDR0-00701-00172152-00172444 planning area of 2.2 square kilometers
CNbBm65LDR0-00702-00172445-00172817 0.85 square miles industries encouraged
CNbBm65LDR0-00703-00172818-00173033 in the export processing zone include
CNbBm65LDR0-00704-00173034-00173278 electronics assembly and manufacturing
CNbBm65LDR0-00705-00173279-00173504 telecommunications equipment garment and
CNbBm65LDR0-00706-00173505-00173693 textiles production trading and
CNbBm65LDR0-00707-00173694-00173876 distribution biotechnology
CNbBm65LDR0-00708-00173877-00174116 pharmaceuticals food beverage processing
CNbBm65LDR0-00709-00174117-00174296 instruments and industrial equipment
CNbBm65LDR0-00710-00174297-00174515 production medical equipment and
CNbBm65LDR0-00711-00174516-00174707 supplies shipping warehousing logistics
CNbBm65LDR0-00712-00174708-00175067 heavy industry hohot economic and
CNbBm65LDR0-00713-00175068-00175277 technological development zone Hohhot
CNbBm65LDR0-00714-00175278-00175529 export processing zone man zhu li border
CNbBm65LDR0-00715-00175530-00175754 Economic Cooperation area topic
CNbBm65LDR0-00716-00175755-00175949 government and politics topic under the
CNbBm65LDR0-00717-00175950-00176162 constitution of the People's Republic of
CNbBm65LDR0-00718-00176163-00176585 China articles 112 to 122 autonomous
CNbBm65LDR0-00719-00176586-00176783 regions have limited autonomy in both
CNbBm65LDR0-00720-00176784-00176998 the political and economic arena
CNbBm65LDR0-00721-00176999-00177257 autonomous regions have more discretion
CNbBm65LDR0-00722-00177258-00177473 in administering economic policy in the
CNbBm65LDR0-00723-00177474-00177638 region in accordance with national
CNbBm65LDR0-00724-00177639-00177938 guidelines structurally the Chairman who
CNbBm65LDR0-00725-00177939-00178130 legally must be an ethnic minority and
CNbBm65LDR0-00726-00178131-00178373 as usually ethnic Mongolian is always
CNbBm65LDR0-00727-00178374-00178544 kept in check by the Communist Party
CNbBm65LDR0-00728-00178545-00178751 Regional Committee secretary who is
CNbBm65LDR0-00729-00178752-00178949 usually from a different part of China
CNbBm65LDR0-00730-00178950-00179255 to reduce corruption and Han Chinese the
CNbBm65LDR0-00731-00179256-00179528 current party secretary is Wang Jun the
CNbBm65LDR0-00732-00179529-00179699 inner Mongolian government and its
CNbBm65LDR0-00733-00179700-00179891 subsidiaries follow roughly the same
CNbBm65LDR0-00734-00179892-00180092 structure as that of a Chinese province
CNbBm65LDR0-00735-00180093-00180383 with regards to economic policy as a
CNbBm65LDR0-00736-00180384-00180536 part of increased federalism
CNbBm65LDR0-00737-00180537-00180737 characteristics in China Inner Mongolia
CNbBm65LDR0-00738-00180738-00180932 has become more independent in
CNbBm65LDR0-00739-00180933-00181124 implementing its own economic roadmap
CNbBm65LDR0-00740-00181125-00181349 the position of chairman of inner
CNbBm65LDR0-00741-00181350-00181565 mongolia alternates between courts and
CNbBm65LDR0-00742-00181566-00181760 mongols in the east and the tum mongols
CNbBm65LDR0-00743-00181761-00181976 in the west since the end of the
CNbBm65LDR0-00744-00181977-00182195 Cultural Revolution this convention has
CNbBm65LDR0-00745-00182196-00182474 not been broken the family of Mulan who
CNbBm65LDR0-00746-00182475-00182528 has
CNbBm65LDR0-00747-00182529-00182702 gained influence in regional politics
CNbBm65LDR0-00748-00182703-00182867 ever since the founding the People's
CNbBm65LDR0-00749-00182868-00183131 Republic his son boo and granddaughter
CNbBm65LDR0-00750-00183132-00183350 boo jaalin both served as chairman of
CNbBm65LDR0-00751-00183351-00183656 the region topic demographics topic when
CNbBm65LDR0-00752-00183657-00183862 the autonomous region was established in
CNbBm65LDR0-00753-00183863-00184172 1947 Han Chinese comprised eighty three
CNbBm65LDR0-00754-00184173-00184370 point six percent of the population
CNbBm65LDR0-00755-00184371-00184553 while the Mongols comprised fourteen
CNbBm65LDR0-00756-00184554-00184823 point eight percent of the population by
CNbBm65LDR0-00757-00184824-00185084 2010 the percentage of Han Chinese had
CNbBm65LDR0-00758-00185085-00185249 dropped to seventy nine point five
CNbBm65LDR0-00759-00185250-00185510 percent while the head hell region along
CNbBm65LDR0-00760-00185511-00185714 the Yellow River has always alternated
CNbBm65LDR0-00761-00185715-00185882 between farmers from the south and
CNbBm65LDR0-00762-00185883-00185990 nomads from the north
CNbBm65LDR0-00763-00185991-00186161 the most recent wave of Han Chinese
CNbBm65LDR0-00764-00186162-00186377 migration began in the early 18th
CNbBm65LDR0-00765-00186378-00186569 century with encouragement from the Qing
CNbBm65LDR0-00766-00186570-00186773 Dynasty and continued into the 20th
CNbBm65LDR0-00767-00186774-00187085 century Han Chinese live mostly in the
CNbBm65LDR0-00768-00187086-00187253 head hel region as well as various
CNbBm65LDR0-00769-00187254-00187448 population centers in central and
CNbBm65LDR0-00770-00187449-00187775 eastern Inner Mongolia over 70% of
CNbBm65LDR0-00771-00187776-00187970 Mongols are concentrated in less than
CNbBm65LDR0-00772-00187971-00188270 18% of Inner Mongolia Stara Tory ingen
CNbBm65LDR0-00773-00188271-00188435 League and the prefecture z' of Tung
CNbBm65LDR0-00774-00188436-00188678 Liao and chief aim Mongols are the
CNbBm65LDR0-00775-00188679-00188911 second largest ethnic group comprising
CNbBm65LDR0-00776-00188912-00189260 17.1 1% of the population as of the 2010
CNbBm65LDR0-00777-00189261-00189530 census they include many diverse
CNbBm65LDR0-00778-00189531-00189761 Mongolian speaking groups groups such as
CNbBm65LDR0-00779-00189762-00189929 the brats and the orit's are also
CNbBm65LDR0-00780-00189930-00190133 officially considered to be Mongols in
CNbBm65LDR0-00781-00190134-00190415 China in addition to the Manchus three
CNbBm65LDR0-00782-00190416-00190625 other Tunguska ethnic groups the door
CNbBm65LDR0-00783-00190626-00190856 the oricon and the events also populate
CNbBm65LDR0-00784-00190857-00191191 parts of northeastern Inner Mongolia
CNbBm65LDR0-00785-00191192-00191365 many of the traditionally nomadic
CNbBm65LDR0-00786-00191366-00191587 Mongols have settled in permanent homes
CNbBm65LDR0-00787-00191588-00191752 as their pastoral economy was
CNbBm65LDR0-00788-00191753-00191935 collectivized during the Mao era and
CNbBm65LDR0-00789-00191936-00192134 some have taken jobs in cities as
CNbBm65LDR0-00790-00192135-00192238 migrant laborers
CNbBm65LDR0-00791-00192239-00192431 however some Mongols continue in their
CNbBm65LDR0-00792-00192432-00192710 nomadic tradition in practice highly
CNbBm65LDR0-00793-00192711-00192923 educated Mongols tend to migrate to big
CNbBm65LDR0-00794-00192924-00193102 urban centers after which they become
CNbBm65LDR0-00795-00193103-00193288 essentially indistinct with ethnic Han
CNbBm65LDR0-00796-00193289-00193595 Chinese populations intermarriage
CNbBm65LDR0-00797-00193596-00193760 between Mongol and non Mongol
CNbBm65LDR0-00798-00193761-00193985 populations is very common particularly
CNbBm65LDR0-00799-00193986-00194200 in areas where Mongols are in regular
CNbBm65LDR0-00800-00194201-00194444 contact with other groups there was
CNbBm65LDR0-00801-00194445-00194629 little cultural stigma within Mongol
CNbBm65LDR0-00802-00194630-00194827 families for marrying outside the ethnic
CNbBm65LDR0-00803-00194828-00194998 group and in urban centers in particular
CNbBm65LDR0-00804-00194999-00195281 Mongol men and women married non Mongols
CNbBm65LDR0-00805-00195282-00195560 at relatively similar rates the rates of
CNbBm65LDR0-00806-00195561-00195743 intermarriage stands in very sharp
CNbBm65LDR0-00807-00195744-00195964 contrast to ethnic Tibetans and we girls
CNbBm65LDR0-00808-00195965-00196148 in their respective autonomous regions
CNbBm65LDR0-00809-00196149-00196481 by the 1980s for instance in the former
CNbBm65LDR0-00810-00196482-00196549 germ league
CNbBm65LDR0-00811-00196550-00196774 nearly 40% of marriages with at least
CNbBm65LDR0-00812-00196775-00197006 one Mongol spouse was a mixed Mongol Han
CNbBm65LDR0-00813-00197007-00197294 Chinese marriage however anecdotal
CNbBm65LDR0-00814-00197295-00197483 reports have also demonstrated an
CNbBm65LDR0-00815-00197484-00197693 increase in Mongol female han chinese
CNbBm65LDR0-00816-00197694-00197911 male pairings in which the woman is of a
CNbBm65LDR0-00817-00197912-00198119 rural background ostensibly shutting
CNbBm65LDR0-00818-00198120-00198274 rural mongol males from the marriage
CNbBm65LDR0-00819-00198275-00198526 market as the sex ratio in china becomes
CNbBm65LDR0-00820-00198527-00198659 more skewed with a much higher
CNbBm65LDR0-00821-00198660-00198838 proportion of men there is also a
CNbBm65LDR0-00822-00198839-00199113 significant number of weigh-in koreans
CNbBm65LDR0-00823-00199114-00199360 population numbers exclude members of
CNbBm65LDR0-00824-00199361-00199559 the People's Liberation Army an active
CNbBm65LDR0-00825-00199560-00200038 service based in Inner Mongolia
CNbBm65LDR0-00826-00200039-00200601 topic language and culture
CNbBm65LDR0-00827-00200602-00201009 topic alongside Chinese Mongolian is the
CNbBm65LDR0-00828-00201010-00201179 official provincial language of the
CNbBm65LDR0-00829-00201180-00201393 Inner Mongolia autonomous region where
CNbBm65LDR0-00830-00201394-00201618 there are at least 4.1 million ethnic
CNbBm65LDR0-00831-00201619-00201900 Mongols across the whole of China the
CNbBm65LDR0-00832-00201901-00202089 language is spoken by roughly half of
CNbBm65LDR0-00833-00202090-00202448 the country s 5.8 million ethnic Mongols
CNbBm65LDR0-00834-00202449-00202869 2005 estimate however the exact number
CNbBm65LDR0-00835-00202870-00203091 of Mongolian speakers in China is
CNbBm65LDR0-00836-00203092-00203349 unknown as there is no data available on
CNbBm65LDR0-00837-00203350-00203565 the language proficiency of that country
CNbBm65LDR0-00838-00203566-00203946 s citizens the use of Mongolian in China
CNbBm65LDR0-00839-00203947-00204168 specifically in Inner Mongolia has
CNbBm65LDR0-00840-00204169-00204378 witnessed periods of decline and revival
CNbBm65LDR0-00841-00204379-00204540 over the last few hundred years
CNbBm65LDR0-00842-00204541-00204795 the language experienced a decline
CNbBm65LDR0-00843-00204796-00205005 during the late Qing period revival
CNbBm65LDR0-00844-00205006-00205391 between 1947 and 1965 a second decline
CNbBm65LDR0-00845-00205392-00205806 between 1966 and 1976 a second revival
CNbBm65LDR0-00846-00205807-00206141 between 1977 and 1990 two and a third
CNbBm65LDR0-00847-00206142-00206564 decline between 1995 and 2012 however in
CNbBm65LDR0-00848-00206565-00206751 spite of the decline of the Mongolian
CNbBm65LDR0-00849-00206752-00206969 language in some of Inner Mongolia urban
CNbBm65LDR0-00850-00206971-00207212 areas and educational spheres the ethnic
CNbBm65LDR0-00851-00207213-00207389 identity of the urbanized Chinese
CNbBm65LDR0-00852-00207390-00207587 speaking Mongols is most likely going to
CNbBm65LDR0-00853-00207588-00207771 survive due to the presence of urban
CNbBm65LDR0-00854-00207771-00208010 ethnic communities the multilingual
CNbBm65LDR0-00855-00208011-00208241 situation in Inner Mongolia does not
CNbBm65LDR0-00856-00208242-00208428 appear to obstruct efforts by ethnic
CNbBm65LDR0-00857-00208429-00208591 Mongols to preserve their language
CNbBm65LDR0-00858-00208592-00208854 although an unknown number of Mongols in
CNbBm65LDR0-00859-00208855-00209048 China such as the two maize may have
CNbBm65LDR0-00860-00209050-00209232 completely or partially lost the ability
CNbBm65LDR0-00861-00209233-00209427 to speak their language they are still
CNbBm65LDR0-00862-00209428-00209604 registered as ethnic Mongols and
CNbBm65LDR0-00863-00209605-00209775 continued to identify themselves as
CNbBm65LDR0-00864-00209776-00210012 ethnic Mongols the children of
CNbBm65LDR0-00865-00210013-00210216 inter-ethnic mongol chinese marriages
CNbBm65LDR0-00866-00210217-00210410 also claim to be and are registered as
CNbBm65LDR0-00867-00210411-00210648 ethnic mongols by law all street signs
CNbBm65LDR0-00868-00210648-00210828 commercial outlets and government
CNbBm65LDR0-00869-00210829-00211032 documents must be bilingual written in
CNbBm65LDR0-00870-00211033-00211298 both Mongolian and Chinese there are
CNbBm65LDR0-00871-00211300-00211523 three Mongolian TV channels in the Inner
CNbBm65LDR0-00872-00211525-00211869 Mongolia satellite TV network in public
CNbBm65LDR0-00873-00211869-00212067 transportation all announcements are to
CNbBm65LDR0-00874-00212067-00212342 be bilingual Mongols in Inner Mongolia
CNbBm65LDR0-00875-00212344-00212621 speak Mongolian dialects such as chalk
CNbBm65LDR0-00876-00212623-00212853 are selling goal Bahrein quartzion and
CNbBm65LDR0-00877-00212854-00213044 cartoon mongolian and depending on
CNbBm65LDR0-00878-00213046-00213300 definition and analysis further dialects
CNbBm65LDR0-00879-00213301-00213501 are closely related independent central
CNbBm65LDR0-00880-00213502-00213734 mongolic languages such as Ordos come
CNbBm65LDR0-00881-00213735-00213952 bigan bar goober yet and the arguably
CNbBm65LDR0-00882-00213953-00214213 or at dialectal Asha the standard
CNbBm65LDR0-00883-00214214-00214444 pronunciation of mongolian in china is
CNbBm65LDR0-00884-00214444-00214623 based on the chakkar dialect of the
CNbBm65LDR0-00885-00214625-00214846 plain blue banner located in central
CNbBm65LDR0-00886-00214846-00215017 Inner Mongolia while the grammar is
CNbBm65LDR0-00887-00215017-00215244 based on all southern Mongolian dialects
CNbBm65LDR0-00888-00215246-00215485 this is different from the Mongolian
CNbBm65LDR0-00889-00215486-00215629 state where the standard pronunciation
CNbBm65LDR0-00890-00215630-00215890 is based on the closely related Kalka
CNbBm65LDR0-00891-00215891-00216088 dialect there are a number of
CNbBm65LDR0-00892-00216089-00216313 independent languages spoken in Hulan
CNbBm65LDR0-00893-00216314-00216487 bier such as the somewhat more distant
CNbBm65LDR0-00894-00216488-00216673 mongolic language dagger and the
CNbBm65LDR0-00895-00216673-00216967 tunguska clang which a Venky officially
CNbBm65LDR0-00896-00216967-00217183 even the a Venky dialect oricon is
CNbBm65LDR0-00897-00217184-00217402 considered a language the Han Chinese of
CNbBm65LDR0-00898-00217403-00217582 Inner Mongolia speak a variety of
CNbBm65LDR0-00899-00217583-00217855 dialects depending on the region those
CNbBm65LDR0-00900-00217856-00218026 in the eastern parts tend to speak
CNbBm65LDR0-00901-00218027-00218227 northeastern Mandarin which belongs to
CNbBm65LDR0-00902-00218228-00218440 the Mandarin group of dialects those in
CNbBm65LDR0-00903-00218441-00218617 the central parts such as the Yellow
CNbBm65LDR0-00904-00218617-00218851 River Valley speak varieties of Jin
CNbBm65LDR0-00905-00218852-00219064 another subdivision of Chinese due to
CNbBm65LDR0-00906-00219065-00219241 its proximity to other Jin speaking
CNbBm65LDR0-00907-00219242-00219444 areas in China such as the Shanxi
CNbBm65LDR0-00908-00219446-00219730 province cities such as Hohhot and bowed
CNbBm65LDR0-00909-00219731-00219775 toe
CNbBm65LDR0-00910-00219776-00219931 both have their unique brand of Jin
CNbBm65LDR0-00911-00219932-00220141 Chinese such as the Gyeongju coho hot
CNbBm65LDR0-00912-00220142-00220261 dialect which are sometimes
CNbBm65LDR0-00913-00220262-00220519 incomprehensible with dialects spoken in
CNbBm65LDR0-00914-00220519-00220828 northeastern regions such as hilar the
CNbBm65LDR0-00915-00220829-00221023 vast grasslands have long symbolized
CNbBm65LDR0-00916-00221023-00221271 inner mongolia mongolian art often
CNbBm65LDR0-00917-00221273-00221485 depicts the grassland in an uplifting
CNbBm65LDR0-00918-00221486-00221728 fashion and emphasizes mongolian nomadic
CNbBm65LDR0-00919-00221729-00221973 traditions the mongols of inner mongolia
CNbBm65LDR0-00920-00221975-00222198 still practice their traditional arts
CNbBm65LDR0-00921-00222200-00222466 inner mongolian cuisine has mongol roots
CNbBm65LDR0-00922-00222467-00222676 and consists of dairy related products
CNbBm65LDR0-00923-00222677-00222934 and hand held lamb Shobha in recent
CNbBm65LDR0-00924-00222935-00223183 years franchises based on hotpot have
CNbBm65LDR0-00925-00223184-00223369 appeared in Inner Mongolia the best
CNbBm65LDR0-00926-00223369-00223630 known of which is alpha yang notable
CNbBm65LDR0-00927-00223631-00223834 inner mongolian commercial brand names
CNbBm65LDR0-00928-00223835-00224044 include menu and Yili both of which
CNbBm65LDR0-00929-00224044-00224221 began as dairy product and ice-cream
CNbBm65LDR0-00930-00224221-00224566 producers among the Han Chinese of Inner
CNbBm65LDR0-00931-00224567-00224638 Mongolia
CNbBm65LDR0-00932-00224639-00224911 Jinju Jin Zhu or Shanxi opera as a
CNbBm65LDR0-00933-00224912-00225069 popular traditional form of
CNbBm65LDR0-00934-00225071-00225139 entertainment
CNbBm65LDR0-00935-00225140-00225475 see also Shanxi a popular career in
CNbBm65LDR0-00936-00225476-00225748 Inner Mongolia as circus acrobatics the
CNbBm65LDR0-00937-00225748-00225912 internationally known Inner Mongolia
CNbBm65LDR0-00938-00225913-00226167 acrobatic troupe travels and performs
CNbBm65LDR0-00939-00226169-00226336 with the renowned Ringling Bros and
CNbBm65LDR0-00940-00226337-00226838 Barnum & Bailey Circus
CNbBm65LDR0-00941-00226839-00227271 topic religion
CNbBm65LDR0-00942-00227273-00227716 topic according to a survey held in 2004
CNbBm65LDR0-00943-00227717-00227926 by the minzu University of China about
CNbBm65LDR0-00944-00227927-00228154 80% of the population of the region
CNbBm65LDR0-00945-00228155-00228360 practiced the worship of heaven that is
CNbBm65LDR0-00946-00228361-00228567 named Tian in the Chinese tradition and
CNbBm65LDR0-00947-00228569-00228766 tender in the Mongolian tradition and of
CNbBm65LDR0-00948-00228767-00229069 Ovoo AO Bao official statistics report
CNbBm65LDR0-00949-00229069-00229339 that 12.1 percent of the population 3
CNbBm65LDR0-00950-00229340-00229531 million people are members of Tibetan
CNbBm65LDR0-00951-00229532-00229792 Buddhist groups according to the Chinese
CNbBm65LDR0-00952-00229792-00230073 spiritual life survey of 2007 and the
CNbBm65LDR0-00953-00230075-00230357 Chinese general social survey of 2009
CNbBm65LDR0-00954-00230358-00230592 Christianity is the religious identity
CNbBm65LDR0-00955-00230594-00230788 of 2 percent of the population of the
CNbBm65LDR0-00956-00230789-00231013 region and Chinese ancestral religion
CNbBm65LDR0-00957-00231014-00231285 the professed belonging of 2.3 6 percent
CNbBm65LDR0-00958-00231286-00231498 while a demographic analysis of the year
CNbBm65LDR0-00959-00231500-00231777 2010 reported that Muslims comprised the
CNbBm65LDR0-00960-00231778-00232110 0.91% the cult of Genghis Khan present
CNbBm65LDR0-00961-00232111-00232281 in the form of various Genghis Khan
CNbBm65LDR0-00962-00232282-00232494 temples is a tradition of Mongolian
CNbBm65LDR0-00963-00232496-00232567 shamanism
CNbBm65LDR0-00964-00232567-00232723 in which he is considered a cultural
CNbBm65LDR0-00965-00232723-00232971 hero and divine ancestor an embodiment
CNbBm65LDR0-00966-00232973-00233263 of the tender heaven God of heaven his
CNbBm65LDR0-00967-00233264-00233469 worship in special temples greatly
CNbBm65LDR0-00968-00233471-00233658 developed in Inner Mongolia since the
CNbBm65LDR0-00969-00233659-00233892 1980s is also shared by the Han Chinese
CNbBm65LDR0-00970-00233892-00234112 claiming his spirit as the founding
CNbBm65LDR0-00971-00234113-00234340 principle of the yuan dynasty Tibetan
CNbBm65LDR0-00972-00234341-00234598 Buddhism Mongolian Buddhism locally also
CNbBm65LDR0-00973-00234598-00234913 known as yellow Buddhism is the dominant
CNbBm65LDR0-00974-00234914-00235146 form of Buddhism in Inner Mongolia also
CNbBm65LDR0-00975-00235148-00235431 practiced by many Han Chinese another
CNbBm65LDR0-00976-00235432-00235608 form of Buddhism practiced by the
CNbBm65LDR0-00977-00235609-00235792 Chinese are the schools of Chinese
CNbBm65LDR0-00978-00235792-00236151 Buddhism
CNbBm65LDR0-00979-00236152-00236652 topic tourism
CNbBm65LDR0-00980-00236653-00237135 topic in the capital city hohot dugout
CNbBm65LDR0-00981-00237136-00237398 temple is Alumnus temple built in 1580
CNbBm65LDR0-00982-00237398-00237687 da yayo temple is known for three sites
CNbBm65LDR0-00983-00237688-00237888 a statue of Buddha made from silver
CNbBm65LDR0-00984-00237889-00238250 elaborate carvings of dragons and murals
CNbBm65LDR0-00985-00238251-00238536 five pagoda temple is located in the
CNbBm65LDR0-00986-00238537-00238823 capital of Inner Mongolia Hohhot it is
CNbBm65LDR0-00987-00238825-00239069 also called Jing Zuo dagoba used to be
CNbBm65LDR0-00988-00239071-00239235 one building of the sitting temple
CNbBm65LDR0-00989-00239236-00239596 temple of merciful light built in 1727
CNbBm65LDR0-00990-00239598-00239859 residents of grun princess caging is a
CNbBm65LDR0-00991-00239860-00240029 mansion typical of Ching dynasty
CNbBm65LDR0-00992-00240030-00240246 architectural style that was built in
CNbBm65LDR0-00993-00240246-00240492 1705 by the Kang Zi Emperor for his
CNbBm65LDR0-00994-00240492-00240557 daughter
CNbBm65LDR0-00995-00240558-00240864 when boo why in Jing pagoda Wan boowa
CNbBm65LDR0-00996-00240865-00241121 Yan Jing taw in Hohhot it was built
CNbBm65LDR0-00997-00241123-00241292 during the reign of Emperor Shang Zhong
CNbBm65LDR0-00998-00241294-00241658 983 103 one of the chitin liao dynasty
CNbBm65LDR0-00999-00241659-00241959 907 one one two five and is still well
CNbBm65LDR0-01000-00241960-00242298 preserved Chou Chou temple also known as
CNbBm65LDR0-01001-00242298-00242505 Cheung food temple is alumnus temple
CNbBm65LDR0-01002-00242506-00242787 built in 1697 and favored by the Kang Zi
CNbBm65LDR0-01003-00242788-00242963 emperor of the Ching dynasty
CNbBm65LDR0-01004-00242964-00243348 XI Li - jao siring - juu temple as the
CNbBm65LDR0-01005-00243348-00243573 largest lamas temple in the Hohhot area
CNbBm65LDR0-01006-00243573-00243765 and once the center of power of la maza
CNbBm65LDR0-01007-00243766-00244107 min the region Jojen tomb is the tomb of
CNbBm65LDR0-01008-00244108-00244346 wong Jojen a hyundai nasty palace
CNbBm65LDR0-01009-00244348-00244554 lady-in-waiting who became the consort
CNbBm65LDR0-01010-00244555-00244758 of the Xiongnu ruler who Hanyu Shan Yu
CNbBm65LDR0-01011-00244759-00245144 in 33 BC elsewhere in Inner Mongolia the
CNbBm65LDR0-01012-00245146-00245367 mausoleum of Genghis Khan the Cenotaph
CNbBm65LDR0-01013-00245367-00245669 of Genghis Khan is located in Ordo city
CNbBm65LDR0-01014-00245669-00245942 bashang grasslands on the border close
CNbBm65LDR0-01015-00245944-00246156 to Beijing is a popular retreat for
CNbBm65LDR0-01016-00246157-00246327 urban residents wanting to get a taste
CNbBm65LDR0-01017-00246328-00246627 of grasslands life the Archaea haughty
CNbBm65LDR0-01018-00246628-00246831 stone forest in hexing ten global
CNbBm65LDR0-01019-00246832-00247059 Geopark has magnificent granite rock
CNbBm65LDR0-01020-00247060-00247307 formations formed from natural erosion
CNbBm65LDR0-01021-00247308-00247685 Zhang Xuan or singing sands Gorge is
CNbBm65LDR0-01022-00247686-00247941 located in the Gobi Desert and contains
CNbBm65LDR0-01023-00247942-00248144 numerous tourist attractions including
CNbBm65LDR0-01024-00248146-00248478 sand sledding and camel rides remains of
CNbBm65LDR0-01025-00248479-00248775 Zhang Jing central capital built in 1003
CNbBm65LDR0-01026-00248776-00248973 by Emperor Shang song of the chiton Liao
CNbBm65LDR0-01027-00248973-00249044 dynasty
CNbBm65LDR0-01028-00249046-00249413 907 one one two five in Ning Chen County
CNbBm65LDR0-01029-00249414-00249678 remains of Shang Jing upper capital
CNbBm65LDR0-01030-00249679-00249963 built in 918 by yellow a Bao Zhi the
CNbBm65LDR0-01031-00249964-00250044 first emperor
CNbBm65LDR0-01032-00250044-00250358 the chitin Liao dynasty 907 one one two
CNbBm65LDR0-01033-00250359-00250653 five also called wangdu it was one of
CNbBm65LDR0-01034-00250654-00250894 the five capitals of the liao dynasty
CNbBm65LDR0-01035-00250896-00251253 zhu li mausoleum of about G Khan it was
CNbBm65LDR0-01036-00251254-00251531 built in 926 for about G the first
CNbBm65LDR0-01037-00251532-00251823 emperor of the liao dynasty located
CNbBm65LDR0-01038-00251823-00252150 northwest of shipping zi village tablets
CNbBm65LDR0-01039-00252151-00252563 of juyeon han dynasty 206 BC to 220 ad
CNbBm65LDR0-01040-00252564-00252935 inscriptions on wood and bamboo in 1930
CNbBm65LDR0-01041-00252936-00253133 Fulk Bergman of the sino Swedish
CNbBm65LDR0-01042-00253134-00253365 expedition first discovered 10,000
CNbBm65LDR0-01043-00253366-00253559 tablets at edge and Koshu in the Gobi
CNbBm65LDR0-01044-00253560-00253902 Desert ruins of Shang do Xanadu the
CNbBm65LDR0-01045-00253903-00254046 summer capital of the Mongol Yuan
CNbBm65LDR0-01046-00254046-00254398 Dynasty built in 1256 by Kublai Khan
CNbBm65LDR0-01047-00254400-00254690 white pagoda of the Mongol Yuan Dynasty
CNbBm65LDR0-01048-00254691-00255092 1279 to 1368 in Kyler's County Tong liao
CNbBm65LDR0-01049-00255094-00255482 it is still well preserved ruins of
CNbBm65LDR0-01050-00255483-00255767 joggin koto Chagin Hotei capital of the
CNbBm65LDR0-01051-00255769-00256050 last Mongol Great Khan lignan 1588 to
CNbBm65LDR0-01052-00256051-00256780 1634 located in our Horkan banner
CNbBm65LDR0-01053-00256781-00257244 pick image gallery
CNbBm65LDR0-01054-00257246-00257633 topic
CNbBm65LDR0-01055-00257634-00258213 topic Chinese space program
CNbBm65LDR0-01056-00258214-00258642 topic 1 of China s space vehicle launch
CNbBm65LDR0-01057-00258642-00258854 facilities Jiuquan Satellite Launch
CNbBm65LDR0-01058-00258855-00259160 Center is located in the extreme west of
CNbBm65LDR0-01059-00259161-00259517 Inner Mongolia in the Alxa League s edge
CNbBm65LDR0-01060-00259519-00259842 and banner it was founded in 1958 making
CNbBm65LDR0-01061-00259842-00260153 it the PRC's first launch facility more
CNbBm65LDR0-01062-00260154-00260319 Chinese launches have occurred at
CNbBm65LDR0-01063-00260319-00260459 Jiuquan than anywhere else
CNbBm65LDR0-01064-00260460-00260717 as with all Chinese launch facilities it
CNbBm65LDR0-01065-00260719-00260906 is remote and generally closed to the
CNbBm65LDR0-01066-00260907-00261197 public it is named as such since Jiuquan
CNbBm65LDR0-01067-00261198-00261350 is the nearest urban center
CNbBm65LDR0-01068-00261351-00261506 although Jiuquan is in the nearby
CNbBm65LDR0-01069-00261507-00261819 province of Gansu many space vehicles
CNbBm65LDR0-01070-00261819-00262001 have also made their touchdowns in Inner
CNbBm65LDR0-01071-00262002-00262263 Mongolia for example the crew of shun
CNbBm65LDR0-01072-00262264-00262518 jo6 landed in sizzling banner' near ho
CNbBm65LDR0-01073-00262519-00262926 hot
CNbBm65LDR0-01074-00262927-00263444 topic education
CNbBm65LDR0-01075-00263445-00263814 topic
CNbBm65LDR0-01076-00263815-00264387 topic colleges and universities
CNbBm65LDR0-01077-00264388-00264738 topic Inner Mongolia Agricultural
CNbBm65LDR0-01078-00264739-00265020 University Oberman gamma o L Ontario
CNbBm65LDR0-01079-00265021-00265416 lien on UK sir gamma gamma u Lee Mayman
CNbBm65LDR0-01080-00265417-00265625 gonna need as a Inner Mongolia
CNbBm65LDR0-01081-00265626-00265941 University Oberman gamma o L on yeah k
CNbBm65LDR0-01082-00265942-00266331 sir gamma a gamma u Li naman Goudas a
CNbBm65LDR0-01083-00266332-00266571 Hulan beer University Gulen beer sir
CNbBm65LDR0-01084-00266572-00266922 gamma a gamma Lily who lune Bayers a
CNbBm65LDR0-01085-00266923-00267102 yuan Qi Feng University
CNbBm65LDR0-01086-00267103-00267357 Lula gamma NK Dadaji do sir gamma a
CNbBm65LDR0-01087-00267358-00267669 gamma you Lee Chi Fung's a yuan Inner
CNbBm65LDR0-01088-00267670-00267915 Mongolia finance and economics college
CNbBm65LDR0-01089-00267916-00268263 Oberman gamma o L uh Ned on Jas a gamma
CNbBm65LDR0-01090-00268264-00268649 a Ju aquí en Deducer gamma a gamma u Lee
CNbBm65LDR0-01091-00268650-00268947 Mayman GU hai Jing's a you on Inner
CNbBm65LDR0-01092-00268948-00269223 Mongolia Medical College Oberman gamma o
CNbBm65LDR0-01093-00269224-00269553 L an MLG in jeju-do sir gamma a gamma u
CNbBm65LDR0-01094-00269554-00269877 li naman Googie a you on Inner Mongolia
CNbBm65LDR0-01095-00269878-00270198 Normal University Oberman gamma o L on
CNbBm65LDR0-01096-00270199-00270543 began se-young yeah k sir gamma gamma u
CNbBm65LDR0-01097-00270544-00270855 li naman gu chief and as a Inner
CNbBm65LDR0-01098-00270856-00271058 Mongolia University for nationalities
CNbBm65LDR0-01099-00271059-00271356 Oberman gamma o L an undo suit in you
CNbBm65LDR0-01100-00271357-00271689 yeah k sir gamma a gamma u Lee Mayman
CNbBm65LDR0-01101-00271690-00271907 guman Zhu da Zhi Inner Mongolia
CNbBm65LDR0-01102-00271908-00272207 University of Science and Technology
CNbBm65LDR0-01103-00272208-00272513 naman GU kg does a Inner Mongolia
CNbBm65LDR0-01104-00272514-00272817 University of Technology Oberman gamma o
CNbBm65LDR0-01105-00272818-00273162 L on a ju u Laboral in UK sir gamma a
CNbBm65LDR0-01106-00273163-00273465 gamma le naman googly-eyes a all of the
CNbBm65LDR0-01107-00273466-00273621 above are under the authority of the
CNbBm65LDR0-01108-00273622-00273809 Autonomous Region government
CNbBm65LDR0-01109-00273810-00274041 institutions without full-time bachelor
CNbBm65LDR0-01110-00274042-00274549 programs are not listed
CNbBm65LDR0-01111-00274550-00274991 pick see also
CNbBm65LDR0-01112-00274992-00275459 topic leagues of inner mongolia list of
CNbBm65LDR0-01113-00275460-00275618 administrative divisions of inner
CNbBm65LDR0-01114-00275619-00275966 mongolia major national historical and
CNbBm65LDR0-01115-00275967-00276266 cultural sites in inner mongolia east
CNbBm65LDR0-01116-00276267-00276892 asian snowstorms of 2009-2010
CNbBm65LDR0-01117-00276893-00277377 topic notes
CNbBm65LDR0-01118-00277378-00277773 topic
CNbBm65LDR0-01119-00277774-00278289 topic references
CNbBm65LDR0-01120-00278290-00278679 topic
CNbBm65LDR0-01121-00278680-00279193 topic further reading
CNbBm65LDR0-01122-00279194-00279609 topic for jiggin monk that a case study
CNbBm65LDR0-01123-00279610-00279807 of language education in the inner
CNbBm65LDR0-01124-00279808-00280177 mongolia archive japanese title name on
CNbBm65LDR0-01125-00280178-00280452 ghor zg cuneo carry nu J unit week
CNbBm65LDR0-01126-00280453-00280677 Journal of Chiba University Eurasian
CNbBm65LDR0-01127-00280678-00280983 society Chiayi does a Yuri Xie Yin you
CNbBm65LDR0-01128-00280984-00281535 when Walloon g 16 261 to 266 the 25th of
CNbBm65LDR0-01129-00281536-00281679 September 2014
CNbBm65LDR0-01130-00281680-00282016 Chiba University Eurasian society xi'an
CNbBm65LDR0-01131-00282017-00282330 he does au ratio en un Walloon Zhang C
CNbBm65LDR0-01132-00282331-00282654 profile at Chiba University repository C
CNbBm65LDR0-01133-00282655-00282847 profile at cine in English with a
CNbBm65LDR0-01134-00282848-00283353 Japanese abstract ENT yang chun 1933 the
CNbBm65LDR0-01135-00283354-00283573 economic development and prospects of
CNbBm65LDR0-01136-00283574-00283825 inner mongolia Shahar suyuan and ning
CNbBm65LDR0-01137-00283826-00284613 xia commercial press limited ki 117
CNbBm65LDR0-01138-00284614-00285158 topic external links
CNbBm65LDR0-01139-00285159-00285470 topic in Chinese Inner Mongolia
CNbBm65LDR0-01140-00285471-00285813 government website in Mongolian Inner
CNbBm65LDR0-01141-00285814-00286021 Mongolia government website
CNbBm65LDR0-01142-00286022-00286307 welcome to Inner Mongolia Mongolia tours
CNbBm65LDR0-01143-00286308-00286601 with some are magic tours Inner Mongolia
CNbBm65LDR0-01144-00286602-00286938 travel guide from wikivoyage
CQPn0DynZnu-00000-00000016-00000271 hi guys today we are in california live
CQPn0DynZnu-00001-00000272-00000551 streamers and i'm so excited to we just
CQPn0DynZnu-00002-00000552-00000751 finished a big round now we're going to
CQPn0DynZnu-00003-00000752-00001007 small round and then let's see what else
CQPn0DynZnu-00004-00001008-00001254 we'll learn more about it after we're
CQPn0DynZnu-00005-00001255-00001439 done with this
CQPn0DynZnu-00006-00001440-00001679 let's see what we can do next let's
CQPn0DynZnu-00007-00001680-00001918 enjoy the ride
CQPn0DynZnu-00008-00001919-00002191 it's literally like we're in alice in
CQPn0DynZnu-00009-00002192-00002423 wonderland everything's so small with
CQPn0DynZnu-00010-00002424-00002787 giants
CQPn0DynZnu-00011-00002788-00004063 [Music]
CQPn0DynZnu-00012-00004064-00004495 like
CQPn0DynZnu-00013-00004496-00004759 hi guys today we are in california live
CQPn0DynZnu-00014-00004760-00005086 steamers and i'm so excited to go in so
CQPn0DynZnu-00015-00005087-00005514 let's go check it out
CQPn0DynZnu-00016-00005515-00008431 [Music]
CQPn0DynZnu-00017-00008432-00009006 all ages
CQPn0DynZnu-00018-00009007-00009775 you can go because you're hospitalized
CQPn0DynZnu-00019-00009776-00011359 [Music]
CQPn0DynZnu-00020-00011360-00011793 look how fun it is
CQPn0DynZnu-00021-00011794-00013169 [Music]
CQPn0DynZnu-00022-00013171-00014079 [Music]
CQPn0DynZnu-00023-00014080-00014415 good
CQPn0DynZnu-00024-00014416-00015493 new york but um
CQPn0DynZnu-00025-00015494-00016615 [Music]
CQPn0DynZnu-00026-00016616-00017826 let's take pictures
CQPn0DynZnu-00027-00017827-00018555 [Music]
CQPn0DynZnu-00028-00018556-00020148 [Music]
CQPn0DynZnu-00029-00020149-00020391 [Music]
CQPn0DynZnu-00030-00020392-00020842 my favorite part i think
CQPn0DynZnu-00031-00020843-00022757 [Music]
CQPn0DynZnu-00032-00022758-00023311 [Music]
CQPn0DynZnu-00033-00023312-00023863 hi guys we're out of the tunnel now
CQPn0DynZnu-00034-00023864-00025399 constructing
CQPn0DynZnu-00035-00025400-00025782 practice
CQPn0DynZnu-00036-00025783-00028500 [Music]
CQPn0DynZnu-00037-00028501-00030547 [Music]
CQPn0DynZnu-00038-00030548-00031202 [Music]
CQPn0DynZnu-00039-00031202-00031527 [Music]
CQPn0DynZnu-00040-00031527-00031735 let's see what we can do next
CQPn0DynZnu-00041-00031736-00032023 let's enjoy the ride
CQPn0DynZnu-00042-00032024-00032295 it's literally like we're in alice in
CQPn0DynZnu-00043-00032295-00032527 wonderland everything's so small with
CQPn0DynZnu-00044-00032527-00032912 giants
CQPn0DynZnu-00045-00032913-00033271 [Music]
CQPn0DynZnu-00046-00033272-00034596 everything is
CQPn0DynZnu-00047-00034597-00035696 [Music]
CQPn0DynZnu-00048-00035697-00036111 [Music]
CQPn0DynZnu-00049-00036112-00037999 hi
CQPn0DynZnu-00050-00038000-00039324 oh
CQPn0DynZnu-00051-00039325-00039495 [Music]
CQPn0DynZnu-00052-00039496-00040718 i really want to go inside that
CQPn0DynZnu-00053-00040719-00041046 hi house so we had super fun time in the
CQPn0DynZnu-00054-00041047-00041311 train it was so fun i thought it was
CQPn0DynZnu-00055-00041312-00041590 only two rounds but we got three rounds
CQPn0DynZnu-00056-00041591-00041774 it was so like we're in alice in
CQPn0DynZnu-00057-00041775-00041971 wonderland
CQPn0DynZnu-00058-00041972-00042607 [Music]
CQPn0DynZnu-00059-00042608-00043018 lollipop
CQPn0DynZnu-00060-00043019-00044583 [Music]
CQPn0DynZnu-00061-00044584-00045652 him
CQPn0DynZnu-00062-00045653-00046183 [Music]
CQPn0DynZnu-00063-00046184-00046455 do
CQPn0DynZnu-00065-00049661-00050430 [Music]
CQPn0DynZnu-00066-00050431-00050715 hmm
CQPn0DynZnu-00067-00050716-00051919 [Music]
CQPn0DynZnu-00068-00051920-00052176 yes
CSAVm_uycqE-00000-00000057-00000462 in computer operating systems paging is
CSAVm_uycqE-00001-00000463-00000711 a memory management scheme by which a
CSAVm_uycqE-00002-00000712-00000996 computer stores and retrieves data from
CSAVm_uycqE-00003-00000997-00001290 secondary storage for use in main memory
CSAVm_uycqE-00004-00001291-00001691 in this scheme the operating system
CSAVm_uycqE-00005-00001692-00001995 retrieves data from secondary storage in
CSAVm_uycqE-00006-00001996-00002439 same size blocks called pages paging is
CSAVm_uycqE-00007-00002440-00002720 an important part of virtual memory
CSAVm_uycqE-00008-00002721-00002909 implementations in modern operating
CSAVm_uycqE-00009-00002910-00003311 systems using secondary storage to let
CSAVm_uycqE-00010-00003312-00003593 programs exceed the size of available
CSAVm_uycqE-00011-00003594-00004025 physical memory for simplicity main
CSAVm_uycqE-00012-00004026-00004432 memory is called RAM an acronym of
CSAVm_uycqE-00013-00004433-00004800 random access memory and secondary
CSAVm_uycqE-00014-00004801-00005316 storage is called disk a shorthand for
CSAVm_uycqE-00015-00005317-00005759 hard disk drive but the concepts do not
CSAVm_uycqE-00016-00005760-00005988 depend on whether these terms apply
CSAVm_uycqE-00017-00005989-00006852 literally to a specific computer system
CSAVm_uycqE-00018-00006853-00007442 topic history
CSAVm_uycqE-00019-00007443-00007755 Ferranti introduced paging on the Atlas
CSAVm_uycqE-00020-00007756-00008088 but the first mass-market memory pages
CSAVm_uycqE-00021-00008089-00008356 were concepts in computer architecture
CSAVm_uycqE-00022-00008357-00008603 regardless of whether a page moved
CSAVm_uycqE-00023-00008604-00009027 between RAM and disk for example on the
CSAVm_uycqE-00024-00009028-00009366 PDP eight seven of the instruction bits
CSAVm_uycqE-00025-00009367-00009663 comprised a memory address that selected
CSAVm_uycqE-00026-00009664-00010310 one of 128 27 words this zone of memory
CSAVm_uycqE-00027-00010311-00010628 was called a page this use of the term
CSAVm_uycqE-00028-00010629-00011124 is now rare in the 1960s swapping was an
CSAVm_uycqE-00029-00011125-00011526 early virtual memory technique an entire
CSAVm_uycqE-00030-00011527-00011802 program would be swapped out or rolled
CSAVm_uycqE-00031-00011803-00012105 out from RAM to disk and another one
CSAVm_uycqE-00032-00012106-00012371 would be swapped in or rolled in a
CSAVm_uycqE-00033-00012372-00012708 swapped out program would be current but
CSAVm_uycqE-00034-00012709-00012963 its execution would be suspended while
CSAVm_uycqE-00035-00012963-00013337 its RAM was in use by another program a
CSAVm_uycqE-00036-00013338-00013691 program might include multiple overlays
CSAVm_uycqE-00037-00013693-00013980 that occupy the same memory at different
CSAVm_uycqE-00038-00013981-00014352 times overlays are not a method of
CSAVm_uycqE-00039-00014353-00014588 paging RAM to disk but merely of
CSAVm_uycqE-00040-00014590-00014938 minimizing the program's use of RAM
CSAVm_uycqE-00041-00014940-00015243 subsequent architectures used memory
CSAVm_uycqE-00042-00015244-00015549 segmentation and individual program
CSAVm_uycqE-00043-00015550-00015828 segments became the units exchanged
CSAVm_uycqE-00044-00015829-00016218 between disk and RAM a segment was the
CSAVm_uycqE-00045-00016219-00016518 program's entire code segment or data
CSAVm_uycqE-00046-00016519-00016833 segment or sometimes other large data
CSAVm_uycqE-00047-00016834-00017214 structures these segments had to be
CSAVm_uycqE-00048-00017215-00017450 contiguous when resident in RAM
CSAVm_uycqE-00049-00017451-00017750 requiring additional computation and
CSAVm_uycqE-00050-00017751-00018033 movement to remedy fragmentation the
CSAVm_uycqE-00051-00018034-00018269 invention of the page table let the
CSAVm_uycqE-00052-00018270-00018546 processor operate on arbitrary pages
CSAVm_uycqE-00053-00018547-00018741 anywhere in RAM as a seemingly
CSAVm_uycqE-00054-00018742-00019137 contiguous logical address space these
CSAVm_uycqE-00055-00019138-00019449 pages became the units exchanged between
CSAVm_uycqE-00056-00019450-00019715 disk and RAM
CSAVm_uycqE-00057-00019716-00020094 you
CSAVm_uycqE-00058-00020095-00020730 topic page faults
CSAVm_uycqE-00059-00020731-00021054 when a process tries to reference a page
CSAVm_uycqE-00060-00021055-00021318 not currently present in RAM the
CSAVm_uycqE-00061-00021319-00021573 processor treats this invalid memory
CSAVm_uycqE-00062-00021574-00021861 reference as a page fault and transfers
CSAVm_uycqE-00063-00021862-00022077 control from the program to the
CSAVm_uycqE-00064-00022078-00022491 operating system the operating system
CSAVm_uycqE-00065-00022492-00022863 must determine the location of the data
CSAVm_uycqE-00066-00022864-00023334 on disk obtain an empty page frame in
CSAVm_uycqE-00067-00023335-00023684 RAM to use as a container for the data
CSAVm_uycqE-00068-00023685-00024000 load the requested data into the
CSAVm_uycqE-00069-00024001-00024419 available page frame update the page
CSAVm_uycqE-00070-00024420-00024815 table to refer to the new page frame
CSAVm_uycqE-00071-00024816-00025105 return control to the program
CSAVm_uycqE-00072-00025106-00025386 transparently retrying the instruction
CSAVm_uycqE-00073-00025387-00025658 that caused the page fault when all page
CSAVm_uycqE-00074-00025660-00025974 frames are in use the operating system
CSAVm_uycqE-00075-00025975-00026246 must select a page frame to reuse for
CSAVm_uycqE-00076-00026247-00026625 the page the program now needs if the
CSAVm_uycqE-00077-00026626-00026892 evicted page frame was dynamically
CSAVm_uycqE-00078-00026893-00027210 allocated by a program to hold data or
CSAVm_uycqE-00079-00027211-00027468 if a program modified it since it was
CSAVm_uycqE-00080-00027469-00027777 read into RAM in other words if it has
CSAVm_uycqE-00081-00027777-00028190 become dirty it must be written out to
CSAVm_uycqE-00082-00028191-00028533 disk before being freed if a program
CSAVm_uycqE-00083-00028533-00028782 later references the evicted page
CSAVm_uycqE-00084-00028783-00029073 another page fault occurs and the page
CSAVm_uycqE-00085-00029074-00029495 must be read back into RAM the method
CSAVm_uycqE-00086-00029497-00029802 the operating system uses to select the
CSAVm_uycqE-00087-00029802-00030087 page frame to reuse which is its page
CSAVm_uycqE-00088-00030088-00030387 replacement algorithm is important to
CSAVm_uycqE-00089-00030388-00030813 efficiency the operating system predicts
CSAVm_uycqE-00090-00030814-00031095 the page frame least likely to be needed
CSAVm_uycqE-00091-00031095-00031352 soon often through the least recently
CSAVm_uycqE-00092-00031353-00031725 used LRU algorithm or an algorithm based
CSAVm_uycqE-00093-00031726-00032100 on the program's working set to further
CSAVm_uycqE-00094-00032101-00032430 increase responsiveness paging systems
CSAVm_uycqE-00095-00032431-00032694 may predict which pages will be needed
CSAVm_uycqE-00096-00032695-00032967 soon preemptively loading them into RAM
CSAVm_uycqE-00097-00032968-00033402 before a program references them
CSAVm_uycqE-00098-00033403-00033769 you
CSAVm_uycqE-00099-00033770-00034514 topic page replacement techniques
CSAVm_uycqE-00100-00034515-00035042 demand paging when pure demand paging is
CSAVm_uycqE-00101-00035043-00035318 used pagers are loaded only when they
CSAVm_uycqE-00102-00035319-00035682 are referenced a program from a memory
CSAVm_uycqE-00103-00035683-00035985 mapped file begins execution with none
CSAVm_uycqE-00104-00035986-00036357 of its pages in RAM as the program
CSAVm_uycqE-00105-00036358-00036698 commits page faults the operating system
CSAVm_uycqE-00106-00036699-00036995 copies the needed pages from the file or
CSAVm_uycqE-00107-00036996-00037280 swap partition containing the page data
CSAVm_uycqE-00108-00037281-00037730 into RAM anticipatory paging this
CSAVm_uycqE-00109-00037731-00038024 technique sometimes also called swap
CSAVm_uycqE-00110-00038025-00038304 prefetch predicts which pages will be
CSAVm_uycqE-00111-00038305-00038600 referenced soon to minimize future page
CSAVm_uycqE-00112-00038601-00039048 faults for example after reading a page
CSAVm_uycqE-00113-00039049-00039354 to service a page fault the operating
CSAVm_uycqE-00114-00039355-00039629 system may also read the next few pages
CSAVm_uycqE-00115-00039630-00039885 even though they are not yet needed a
CSAVm_uycqE-00116-00039886-00040201 prediction using locality of reference
CSAVm_uycqE-00117-00040202-00040629 if a program ends the operating system
CSAVm_uycqE-00118-00040630-00040940 may delay freeing its pages in case the
CSAVm_uycqE-00119-00040941-00041243 user runs the same program again free
CSAVm_uycqE-00120-00041244-00041669 page cue stealing and reclamation
CSAVm_uycqE-00121-00041670-00041939 the free page queue is a list of page
CSAVm_uycqE-00122-00041940-00042298 frames that are available for assignment
CSAVm_uycqE-00123-00042299-00042578 preventing this queue from being empty
CSAVm_uycqE-00124-00042579-00042860 minimizes the computing necessary to
CSAVm_uycqE-00125-00042861-00043229 service a page fault some operating
CSAVm_uycqE-00126-00043230-00043571 systems periodically look for pages that
CSAVm_uycqE-00127-00043572-00043820 have not been recently referenced and
CSAVm_uycqE-00128-00043821-00044093 performed page stealing freeing the page
CSAVm_uycqE-00129-00044094-00044321 frame and adding it to the free page
CSAVm_uycqE-00130-00044322-00044705 queue some operating systems support
CSAVm_uycqE-00131-00044706-00045059 page reclamation if a program commits a
CSAVm_uycqE-00132-00045060-00045290 page fault by referencing a page that
CSAVm_uycqE-00133-00045291-00045650 was stolen the operating system detects
CSAVm_uycqE-00134-00045651-00045911 this and restores the page frame without
CSAVm_uycqE-00135-00045912-00046160 having to read the contents back into
CSAVm_uycqE-00136-00046161-00046357 RAM pre-cleaning
CSAVm_uycqE-00137-00046358-00046724 the operating system may periodically
CSAVm_uycqE-00138-00046725-00047045 pre clean dirty pages write modified
CSAVm_uycqE-00139-00047046-00047297 pages back to disk even though they
CSAVm_uycqE-00140-00047298-00047684 might be further modified this minimizes
CSAVm_uycqE-00141-00047685-00047924 the amount of cleaning needed to obtain
CSAVm_uycqE-00142-00047925-00048200 new page frames at the moment a new
CSAVm_uycqE-00143-00048201-00048509 program starts or a new data file is
CSAVm_uycqE-00144-00048510-00048857 opened and improves responsiveness UNIX
CSAVm_uycqE-00145-00048858-00049181 operating systems periodically use sync
CSAVm_uycqE-00146-00049182-00049496 to pre clean all dirty pages windows
CSAVm_uycqE-00147-00049497-00049865 operating systems use modified page
CSAVm_uycqE-00148-00049866-00050586 writer threads
CSAVm_uycqE-00149-00050587-00051155 topic thrashing
CSAVm_uycqE-00150-00051156-00051505 after completing initialization most
CSAVm_uycqE-00151-00051507-00051779 programs operate on a small number of
CSAVm_uycqE-00152-00051779-00052042 code and data pages compared to the
CSAVm_uycqE-00153-00052044-00052426 total memory the program requires the
CSAVm_uycqE-00154-00052427-00052703 pages most frequently accessed are
CSAVm_uycqE-00155-00052704-00053107 called the working set when the working
CSAVm_uycqE-00156-00053108-00053345 set is a small percentage of the
CSAVm_uycqE-00157-00053346-00053684 system's total number of pages virtual
CSAVm_uycqE-00158-00053685-00053978 memory systems work most efficiently and
CSAVm_uycqE-00159-00053979-00054257 an insignificant amount of computing is
CSAVm_uycqE-00160-00054258-00054638 spent resolving page faults as the
CSAVm_uycqE-00161-00054639-00054998 working set grows resolving page faults
CSAVm_uycqE-00162-00054999-00055214 remains manageable until the growth
CSAVm_uycqE-00163-00055215-00055630 reaches a critical point then faults go
CSAVm_uycqE-00164-00055632-00055838 up dramatically and the time spent
CSAVm_uycqE-00165-00055839-00056138 resolving am overwhelms time spent on
CSAVm_uycqE-00166-00056139-00056392 the computing the program was written to
CSAVm_uycqE-00167-00056394-00056744 do this condition is referred to as
CSAVm_uycqE-00168-00056745-00057079 thrashing thrashing occurs on a program
CSAVm_uycqE-00169-00057080-00057365 that works with huge data structures as
CSAVm_uycqE-00170-00057366-00057701 its large working set causes continual
CSAVm_uycqE-00171-00057702-00057977 page faults that drastically slow down
CSAVm_uycqE-00172-00057978-00058409 the system satisfying page faults may
CSAVm_uycqE-00173-00058410-00058657 require freeing pages that will soon
CSAVm_uycqE-00174-00058658-00058895 have to be reread from disk
CSAVm_uycqE-00175-00058896-00059327 thrashing is also used in contexts other
CSAVm_uycqE-00176-00059328-00059612 than virtual memory systems for example
CSAVm_uycqE-00177-00059613-00059992 to describe cache issues in computing or
CSAVm_uycqE-00178-00059994-00060378 silly Windows syndrome in networking
CSAVm_uycqE-00179-00060379-00060714 a worst case can be imagined on IBM
CSAVm_uycqE-00180-00060715-00061255 System 370 and comparable mainframes an
CSAVm_uycqE-00181-00061257-00061551 execute instruction crossing a page
CSAVm_uycqE-00182-00061552-00061758 boundary could point to a move
CSAVm_uycqE-00183-00061759-00062028 instruction that also crosses a page
CSAVm_uycqE-00184-00062029-00062337 boundary which is set to move data from
CSAVm_uycqE-00185-00062338-00062619 a source that crosses a page boundary to
CSAVm_uycqE-00186-00062620-00062903 a target that crosses a page boundary
CSAVm_uycqE-00187-00062904-00063264 this single instruction references eight
CSAVm_uycqE-00188-00063265-00063570 pages if not all are in RAM it will
CSAVm_uycqE-00189-00063571-00063941 cause a page fault if the operating
CSAVm_uycqE-00190-00063942-00064241 system could not allocate eight pages to
CSAVm_uycqE-00191-00064242-00064485 this program then remedying the page
CSAVm_uycqE-00192-00064486-00064734 fault would discard another page the
CSAVm_uycqE-00193-00064735-00065015 instruction needs and any restart of the
CSAVm_uycqE-00194-00065016-00065388 instruction would fault again to
CSAVm_uycqE-00195-00065389-00065643 decrease excessive paging and resolve
CSAVm_uycqE-00196-00065644-00065934 thrashing problems a user can increase
CSAVm_uycqE-00197-00065935-00066156 the number of pages available per
CSAVm_uycqE-00198-00066157-00066431 program either by running fewer programs
CSAVm_uycqE-00199-00066432-00066714 concurrently or increasing the amount of
CSAVm_uycqE-00200-00066715-00067396 RAM in the computer
CSAVm_uycqE-00201-00067397-00067977 topic sharing
CSAVm_uycqE-00202-00067978-00068304 in multi-programming or in a multi-user
CSAVm_uycqE-00203-00068305-00068649 environment many users may execute the
CSAVm_uycqE-00204-00068650-00068934 same program written so that it's code
CSAVm_uycqE-00205-00068935-00069294 and data are in separate pages to
CSAVm_uycqE-00206-00069295-00069591 minimize use of RAM all users share a
CSAVm_uycqE-00207-00069592-00069929 single copy of the program each
CSAVm_uycqE-00208-00069930-00070230 processors page table is set up so that
CSAVm_uycqE-00209-00070231-00070506 the pages that address code point to the
CSAVm_uycqE-00210-00070507-00070788 single shared copy while the pages that
CSAVm_uycqE-00211-00070789-00071043 address data point to different physical
CSAVm_uycqE-00212-00071044-00071469 pages for each process different
CSAVm_uycqE-00213-00071470-00071733 programs might also use the same
CSAVm_uycqE-00214-00071734-00072186 libraries to save space only one copy of
CSAVm_uycqE-00215-00072187-00072399 the shared library is loaded into
CSAVm_uycqE-00216-00072400-00072804 physical memory programs which use the
CSAVm_uycqE-00217-00072805-00073095 same library have virtual addresses that
CSAVm_uycqE-00218-00073096-00073392 map to the same pages which contain the
CSAVm_uycqE-00219-00073393-00073770 libraries code and data when programs
CSAVm_uycqE-00220-00073771-00074061 want to modify the libraries code they
CSAVm_uycqE-00221-00074062-00074202 use copy-on-write
CSAVm_uycqE-00222-00074203-00074612 so memory is only allocated when needed
CSAVm_uycqE-00223-00074613-00074924 shared memory is an efficient way of
CSAVm_uycqE-00224-00074925-00075306 communication between programs programs
CSAVm_uycqE-00225-00075307-00075630 can share pages in memory and then write
CSAVm_uycqE-00226-00075631-00076396 and read to exchange data
CSAVm_uycqE-00227-00076397-00077060 topic implementations
CSAVm_uycqE-00228-00077061-00077419 you
CSAVm_uycqE-00229-00077420-00078056 topic Ferranti atlas
CSAVm_uycqE-00230-00078057-00078404 the first computer to support paging was
CSAVm_uycqE-00231-00078405-00078659 the supercomputer Atlas jointly
CSAVm_uycqE-00232-00078660-00078965 developed by Ferranti the University of
CSAVm_uycqE-00233-00078966-00079436 Manchester and Plessy in 1963 the
CSAVm_uycqE-00234-00079437-00079637 machine had an associative
CSAVm_uycqE-00235-00079638-00079892 content-addressable memory with one
CSAVm_uycqE-00236-00079893-00080351 entry for each 512 word page the
CSAVm_uycqE-00237-00080352-00080620 supervisor handled nonequivalence
CSAVm_uycqE-00238-00080621-00080882 interruptions and managed the transfer
CSAVm_uycqE-00239-00080883-00081167 of pages between core and drum in order
CSAVm_uycqE-00240-00081168-00081995 to provide a one level store to programs
CSAVm_uycqE-00241-00081996-00082890 topic windows 3x and windows 9x
CSAVm_uycqE-00242-00082891-00083209 paging has been a feature of Microsoft
CSAVm_uycqE-00243-00083210-00083723 Windows since windows 3.0 in 1990
CSAVm_uycqE-00244-00083724-00084141 windows 3.x creates a hidden file named
CSAVm_uycqE-00245-00084142-00084403 3 8 6 s pa rt
CSAVm_uycqE-00246-00084404-00085035 par or wim 386 s WP for use as a swap
CSAVm_uycqE-00247-00085036-00085398 file it is generally found in the root
CSAVm_uycqE-00248-00085399-00085659 directory but it may appear elsewhere
CSAVm_uycqE-00249-00085660-00086047 typically in the windows directory its
CSAVm_uycqE-00250-00086048-00086347 size depends on how much swapped space
CSAVm_uycqE-00251-00086348-00086637 the system has a setting selected by the
CSAVm_uycqE-00252-00086638-00086960 user under control panel enhanced under
CSAVm_uycqE-00253-00086961-00087403 virtual memory if the user moves or
CSAVm_uycqE-00254-00087404-00087672 delete this file a blue screen will
CSAVm_uycqE-00255-00087673-00087954 appear the next time Windows is started
CSAVm_uycqE-00256-00087955-00088248 with the error message the permanent
CSAVm_uycqE-00257-00088249-00088668 swap file is corrupt the user will be
CSAVm_uycqE-00258-00088669-00088891 prompted to choose whether or not to
CSAVm_uycqE-00259-00088892-00089328 delete the file whether or not it exists
CSAVm_uycqE-00260-00089329-00089850 Windows 95 windows 98 and windows me use
CSAVm_uycqE-00261-00089851-00090109 a similar file and the settings for it
CSAVm_uycqE-00262-00090110-00090373 are located under control panel system
CSAVm_uycqE-00263-00090374-00090816 performance tab virtual memory windows
CSAVm_uycqE-00264-00090817-00091092 automatically sets the size of the page
CSAVm_uycqE-00265-00091093-00091488 filed to start at 1.5 times the size of
CSAVm_uycqE-00266-00091489-00091810 physical memory and expand up to 3 times
CSAVm_uycqE-00267-00091811-00092211 physical memory if necessary if a user
CSAVm_uycqE-00268-00092212-00092529 runs memory intensive applications on a
CSAVm_uycqE-00269-00092530-00092817 system with low physical memory it is
CSAVm_uycqE-00270-00092818-00093063 preferable to manually set these sizes
CSAVm_uycqE-00271-00093064-00093836 to a value higher than default
CSAVm_uycqE-00272-00093837-00094462 topic Windows NT
CSAVm_uycqE-00273-00094463-00094768 the file used for paging in the Windows
CSAVm_uycqE-00274-00094769-00095166 NT family as page file dot says the
CSAVm_uycqE-00275-00095167-00095518 default location of the page file is in
CSAVm_uycqE-00276-00095519-00095749 the root directory of the partition
CSAVm_uycqE-00277-00095750-00096142 where Windows is installed windows can
CSAVm_uycqE-00278-00096143-00096403 be configured to use free space on any
CSAVm_uycqE-00279-00096404-00096819 available drives for page files it is
CSAVm_uycqE-00280-00096820-00097101 required however for the boot partition
CSAVm_uycqE-00281-00097102-00097423 ie the drive containing the windows
CSAVm_uycqE-00282-00097424-00097713 directory to have a page file on it if
CSAVm_uycqE-00283-00097714-00097932 the system is configured to write either
CSAVm_uycqE-00284-00097933-00098230 kernel or full memory dumps after a blue
CSAVm_uycqE-00285-00098231-00098659 screen of death windows uses the paging
CSAVm_uycqE-00286-00098660-00098931 file as temporary storage for the memory
CSAVm_uycqE-00287-00098932-00099363 dump when the system is rebooted Windows
CSAVm_uycqE-00288-00099364-00099598 copies the memory dump from the page
CSAVm_uycqE-00289-00099599-00099868 file to a separate file and frees the
CSAVm_uycqE-00290-00099869-00100610 space that was used in the page file
CSAVm_uycqE-00291-00100611-00101196 topic fragmentation
CSAVm_uycqE-00292-00101197-00101498 in the default configuration of Windows
CSAVm_uycqE-00293-00101499-00101765 the page file is allowed to expand
CSAVm_uycqE-00294-00101766-00101999 beyond its initial allocation when
CSAVm_uycqE-00295-00102000-00102101 necessary
CSAVm_uycqE-00296-00102102-00102455 if this happens gradually it can become
CSAVm_uycqE-00297-00102456-00102692 heavily fragmented which can potentially
CSAVm_uycqE-00298-00102693-00103124 cause performance problems the common
CSAVm_uycqE-00299-00103125-00103398 advice given to avoid this is to set a
CSAVm_uycqE-00300-00103399-00103817 single locked page file size so that
CSAVm_uycqE-00301-00103818-00104066 Windows will not expand it
CSAVm_uycqE-00302-00104067-00104429 however the page file only expands when
CSAVm_uycqE-00303-00104430-00104716 it has been filled which in its default
CSAVm_uycqE-00304-00104717-00105113 configuration is 150 percent the total
CSAVm_uycqE-00305-00105114-00105471 amount of physical memory thus the total
CSAVm_uycqE-00306-00105472-00105771 demand for page file backed virtual
CSAVm_uycqE-00307-00105772-00106146 memory must exceed 250 percent of the
CSAVm_uycqE-00308-00106147-00106412 computer's physical memory before the
CSAVm_uycqE-00309-00106413-00106835 page file will expand the fragmentation
CSAVm_uycqE-00310-00106836-00107087 of the page file that occurs when it
CSAVm_uycqE-00311-00107088-00107483 expands is temporary as soon as the
CSAVm_uycqE-00312-00107484-00107808 expanded regions are no longer in use at
CSAVm_uycqE-00313-00107808-00108089 the next reboot if not sooner the
CSAVm_uycqE-00314-00108090-00108359 additional disk space allocations are
CSAVm_uycqE-00315-00108360-00108582 freed and the page file is back to its
CSAVm_uycqE-00316-00108583-00108830 original state
CSAVm_uycqE-00317-00108831-00109103 locking a page file size can be
CSAVm_uycqE-00318-00109104-00109372 problematic if a Windows application
CSAVm_uycqE-00319-00109373-00109667 requests more memory than the total size
CSAVm_uycqE-00320-00109668-00109907 of physical memory and the page file
CSAVm_uycqE-00321-00109908-00110198 leading to failed requests to allocate
CSAVm_uycqE-00322-00110199-00110471 memory that may cause applications and
CSAVm_uycqE-00323-00110472-00110900 system processes to fail also the page
CSAVm_uycqE-00324-00110901-00111146 file is rarely read or written in
CSAVm_uycqE-00325-00111147-00111379 sequential order so the performance
CSAVm_uycqE-00326-00111380-00111608 advantage of having a completely
CSAVm_uycqE-00327-00111608-00112016 sequential page file is minimal however
CSAVm_uycqE-00328-00112017-00112336 a large page file generally allows use
CSAVm_uycqE-00329-00112338-00112616 of memory heavy applications with no
CSAVm_uycqE-00330-00112617-00112969 penalties beside using more disk space
CSAVm_uycqE-00331-00112970-00113333 while a fragmented page file may not be
CSAVm_uycqE-00332-00113333-00113654 an issue by itself fragmentation of a
CSAVm_uycqE-00333-00113655-00113924 variable sized page file will over time
CSAVm_uycqE-00334-00113925-00114235 create a number of fragmented blocks on
CSAVm_uycqE-00335-00114236-00114511 the drive causing other files to become
CSAVm_uycqE-00336-00114513-00114932 fragmented for this reason a fixed sized
CSAVm_uycqE-00337-00114933-00115274 contiguous page file is better providing
CSAVm_uycqE-00338-00115275-00115529 that the size allocated is large enough
CSAVm_uycqE-00339-00115530-00115715 to accommodate the needs of all
CSAVm_uycqE-00340-00115716-00116195 applications the required disk space may
CSAVm_uycqE-00341-00116196-00116480 be easily allocated on systems with more
CSAVm_uycqE-00342-00116481-00116831 recent specifications ie a system with
CSAVm_uycqE-00343-00116832-00117101 three gigabytes of memory having a six
CSAVm_uycqE-00344-00117102-00117524 gigabytes fixed size page file on a 750
CSAVm_uycqE-00345-00117525-00117835 gigabyte disk drive or a system with 6
CSAVm_uycqE-00346-00117836-00118135 gigabytes of memory and a 16 gigabytes
CSAVm_uycqE-00347-00118136-00118466 fixed size page file and 2 terabytes of
CSAVm_uycqE-00348-00118467-00118895 disk space in both examples the system
CSAVm_uycqE-00349-00118896-00119246 is using about 0.8 percent of the disk
CSAVm_uycqE-00350-00119247-00119555 space with the page file pre extended to
CSAVm_uycqE-00351-00119556-00120010 its maximum defragmenting the page file
CSAVm_uycqE-00352-00120011-00120275 is also occasionally recommended to
CSAVm_uycqE-00353-00120276-00120506 improve performance when a Windows
CSAVm_uycqE-00354-00120507-00120764 system is chronically using much more
CSAVm_uycqE-00355-00120765-00121057 memory than its total physical memory
CSAVm_uycqE-00356-00121058-00121418 this view ignores the fact that aside
CSAVm_uycqE-00357-00121419-00121694 from the temporary results of expansion
CSAVm_uycqE-00358-00121695-00121984 the page file does not become fragmented
CSAVm_uycqE-00359-00121985-00122176 over time
CSAVm_uycqE-00360-00122177-00122507 in general performance concerns related
CSAVm_uycqE-00361-00122508-00122746 to page file access are much more
CSAVm_uycqE-00362-00122747-00122974 effectively dealt with by adding more
CSAVm_uycqE-00363-00122975-00123619 physical memory
CSAVm_uycqE-00364-00123620-00124414 topic UNIX and unix-like systems
CSAVm_uycqE-00365-00124415-00124726 UNIX systems and other unix-like
CSAVm_uycqE-00366-00124727-00125242 operating systems use the term swap to
CSAVm_uycqE-00367-00125243-00125515 describe both the act of moving memory
CSAVm_uycqE-00368-00125516-00125788 pages between RAM and disk and the
CSAVm_uycqE-00369-00125789-00126072 region of a disk the pages are stored on
CSAVm_uycqE-00370-00126073-00126454 in some of those systems it is common to
CSAVm_uycqE-00371-00126455-00126733 dedicate an entire partition of a hard
CSAVm_uycqE-00372-00126733-00127117 disk to swapping these partitions are
CSAVm_uycqE-00373-00127118-00127485 called swap partitions many systems have
CSAVm_uycqE-00374-00127486-00127785 an entire hard drive dedicated to
CSAVm_uycqE-00375-00127786-00128032 swapping separate from the data drives
CSAVm_uycqE-00376-00128033-00128455 containing only a swap partition a hard
CSAVm_uycqE-00377-00128456-00128760 drive dedicated to swapping is called a
CSAVm_uycqE-00378-00128761-00129333 swap drive aula scratch drive aula
CSAVm_uycqE-00379-00129333-00129810 scratch disk some of those systems only
CSAVm_uycqE-00380-00129811-00130032 support swapping to a swap partition
CSAVm_uycqE-00381-00130033-00130883 others also support swapping to files
CSAVm_uycqE-00382-00130884-00131412 topic Linux
CSAVm_uycqE-00383-00131413-00131733 the Linux kernel supports a virtually
CSAVm_uycqE-00384-00131734-00131994 unlimited number of swap backends
CSAVm_uycqE-00385-00131995-00132324 devices or files supporting at the same
CSAVm_uycqE-00386-00132325-00132652 time assignment of back-end priorities
CSAVm_uycqE-00387-00132653-00133002 when the kernel needs to swap pages out
CSAVm_uycqE-00388-00133003-00133287 of physical memory it uses the highest
CSAVm_uycqE-00389-00133288-00133563 priority back-end with available free
CSAVm_uycqE-00390-00133564-00133968 space if multiple swap backends are
CSAVm_uycqE-00391-00133969-00134277 assigned the same priority they used in
CSAVm_uycqE-00392-00134278-00134550 a round robin fashion which is somewhat
CSAVm_uycqE-00393-00134551-00134831 similar to raid zero storage layouts
CSAVm_uycqE-00394-00134832-00135116 providing improved performance as long
CSAVm_uycqE-00395-00135117-00135333 as the underlying devices can be
CSAVm_uycqE-00396-00135334-00136038 efficiently accessed in parallel
CSAVm_uycqE-00397-00136039-00136728 topic swap files and partitions
CSAVm_uycqE-00398-00136729-00137061 from the end-user perspective swap files
CSAVm_uycqE-00399-00137062-00137453 in versions 2.6 dot X and later of the
CSAVm_uycqE-00400-00137454-00137721 Linux kernel are virtually as fast as
CSAVm_uycqE-00401-00137722-00138015 swap partitions the limitation is that
CSAVm_uycqE-00402-00138016-00138243 swap files should be contiguously
CSAVm_uycqE-00403-00138244-00138479 allocated on their underlying file
CSAVm_uycqE-00404-00138480-00138900 systems to increase performance of swap
CSAVm_uycqE-00405-00138901-00139185 files the kernel keeps a map of where
CSAVm_uycqE-00406-00139186-00139434 they are placed on underlying devices
CSAVm_uycqE-00407-00139435-00139677 and accesses them directly thus
CSAVm_uycqE-00408-00139678-00139899 bypassing the cache and avoiding
CSAVm_uycqE-00409-00139900-00140334 filesystem overhead regardless Red Hat
CSAVm_uycqE-00410-00140335-00140628 recommends swap partitions to be used
CSAVm_uycqE-00411-00140629-00140994 when residing on HD DS which are
CSAVm_uycqE-00412-00140995-00141341 rotational magnetic media devices one
CSAVm_uycqE-00413-00141342-00141641 benefit of using swap partitions is the
CSAVm_uycqE-00414-00141642-00141978 ability to place them on contiguous HDD
CSAVm_uycqE-00415-00141979-00142194 areas that provide higher data
CSAVm_uycqE-00416-00142195-00142578 throughput or faster seek time however
CSAVm_uycqE-00417-00142579-00142914 the administrative flexibility of swap
CSAVm_uycqE-00418-00142915-00143196 files can outweigh certain advantages of
CSAVm_uycqE-00419-00143197-00143673 swap partitions for example a swap file
CSAVm_uycqE-00420-00143674-00143982 can be placed on any mounted file system
CSAVm_uycqE-00421-00143983-00144300 can be set to any desired size and can
CSAVm_uycqE-00422-00144301-00144651 be added or changed as needed swap
CSAVm_uycqE-00423-00144652-00144933 partitions are not as flexible they
CSAVm_uycqE-00424-00144934-00145154 cannot be enlarged without using
CSAVm_uycqE-00425-00145155-00145431 partitioning or volume management tools
CSAVm_uycqE-00426-00145432-00145766 which introduce various complexities and
CSAVm_uycqE-00427-00145767-00146410 potential down times
CSAVm_uycqE-00428-00146411-00146959 topic swap penis
CSAVm_uycqE-00429-00146960-00147291 sois penis is a Linux kernel parameter
CSAVm_uycqE-00430-00147292-00147532 that controls the relative weight given
CSAVm_uycqE-00431-00147533-00147796 to swapping out of runtime memory as
CSAVm_uycqE-00432-00147797-00148048 opposed to dropping pages from the
CSAVm_uycqE-00433-00148049-00148312 system page cache whenever a memory
CSAVm_uycqE-00434-00148313-00148575 allocation request cannot be met from
CSAVm_uycqE-00435-00148576-00149143 free memory swap penis can be set to
CSAVm_uycqE-00436-00149144-00149662 values between 0 and 100 inclusive a low
CSAVm_uycqE-00437-00149663-00149959 value causes the kernel to prefer to
CSAVm_uycqE-00438-00149960-00150259 evict pages from the page cache a higher
CSAVm_uycqE-00439-00150260-00150514 value causes the kernel to prefer to
CSAVm_uycqE-00440-00150515-00150745 swap out cold
CSAVm_uycqE-00441-00150746-00151314 memory pages the default value is 60
CSAVm_uycqE-00442-00151315-00151594 setting it higher will increase overall
CSAVm_uycqE-00443-00151595-00151921 throughput particularly disk i/o at the
CSAVm_uycqE-00444-00151922-00152221 risk of occasional high latency if cold
CSAVm_uycqE-00445-00152222-00152500 pages need to be swapped back in while
CSAVm_uycqE-00446-00152501-00152844 setting at lower even 0 may provide more
CSAVm_uycqE-00447-00152845-00153268 consistently low latency certainly the
CSAVm_uycqE-00448-00153269-00153496 default values work well in most
CSAVm_uycqE-00449-00153497-00153823 workloads but desktops and interactive
CSAVm_uycqE-00450-00153824-00154093 systems with more than adequate RAM for
CSAVm_uycqE-00451-00154094-00154372 any expected tasks may want to lower the
CSAVm_uycqE-00452-00154373-00154585 setting batch processing and less
CSAVm_uycqE-00453-00154586-00154866 interactive systems may want to increase
CSAVm_uycqE-00454-00154867-00155385 it
CSAVm_uycqE-00455-00155386-00155924 topic swapped death
CSAVm_uycqE-00456-00155925-00156185 when the system memory is highly
CSAVm_uycqE-00457-00156186-00156446 insufficient for the current tasks and a
CSAVm_uycqE-00458-00156447-00156727 large portion of memory activity goes
CSAVm_uycqE-00459-00156728-00156983 through a slow swap the system can
CSAVm_uycqE-00460-00156984-00157271 become practically unable to execute any
CSAVm_uycqE-00461-00157272-00157739 task even if CPU is idle when every
CSAVm_uycqE-00462-00157740-00157994 process is waiting on the swap the
CSAVm_uycqE-00463-00157995-00158254 system is considered to be in swap death
CSAVm_uycqE-00464-00158255-00158576 swap death can happen due to incorrectly
CSAVm_uycqE-00465-00158577-00158846 configured memory over commitment the
CSAVm_uycqE-00466-00158847-00159127 original description of their swapping
CSAVm_uycqE-00467-00159128-00159452 to death problem relates to the ex
CSAVm_uycqE-00468-00159453-00159788 server if the memory for ex itself is in
CSAVm_uycqE-00469-00159789-00160046 the swap then every keystroke requires
CSAVm_uycqE-00470-00160047-00160313 Linux to read from swap before being
CSAVm_uycqE-00471-00160314-00160618 processed so the system is practically
CSAVm_uycqE-00472-00160619-00160852 unresponsive even if it's actually
CSAVm_uycqE-00473-00160853-00161583 executing other tasks normally
CSAVm_uycqE-00474-00161584-00162113 topic macaws
CSAVm_uycqE-00475-00162114-00162539 macos uses multiple swap files the
CSAVm_uycqE-00476-00162540-00162778 default and Apple recommended
CSAVm_uycqE-00477-00162779-00163025 installation places them on the root
CSAVm_uycqE-00478-00163026-00163291 partition though it is possible to place
CSAVm_uycqE-00479-00163292-00163559 them instead on a separate partition or
CSAVm_uycqE-00480-00163560-00164161 device
CSAVm_uycqE-00481-00164162-00164772 topic amigos for
CSAVm_uycqE-00482-00164773-00165207 imme grows 4.0 introduced a new system
CSAVm_uycqE-00483-00165208-00165480 for allocating RAM and defragmenting
CSAVm_uycqE-00484-00165481-00165870 physical memory it still uses flat
CSAVm_uycqE-00485-00165871-00166089 shared address space that cannot be
CSAVm_uycqE-00486-00166090-00166431 defragmented it is based on slab
CSAVm_uycqE-00487-00166432-00166719 allocation method and paging memory that
CSAVm_uycqE-00488-00166720-00167100 allows swapping paging was implemented
CSAVm_uycqE-00489-00167101-00167475 in a Migros 4.1 but may lock up system
CSAVm_uycqE-00490-00167476-00167880 if all physical memory is used up swap
CSAVm_uycqE-00491-00167881-00168102 memory could be activated and
CSAVm_uycqE-00492-00168103-00168387 deactivated any moment allowing the user
CSAVm_uycqE-00493-00168388-00169223 to choose to use only physical Ram
CSAVm_uycqE-00494-00169224-00169832 topic performance
CSAVm_uycqE-00495-00169833-00170128 the backing store for a virtual memory
CSAVm_uycqE-00496-00170129-00170399 operating system is typically many
CSAVm_uycqE-00497-00170400-00170770 orders of magnitude slower than Ram
CSAVm_uycqE-00498-00170771-00171086 additionally using mechanical storage
CSAVm_uycqE-00499-00171087-00171392 devices introduces delay several
CSAVm_uycqE-00500-00171393-00171788 milliseconds for a hard-disk therefore
CSAVm_uycqE-00501-00171789-00172072 it is desirable to reduce or eliminate
CSAVm_uycqE-00502-00172073-00172496 swapping where practical some operating
CSAVm_uycqE-00503-00172497-00172805 systems offer settings to influence the
CSAVm_uycqE-00504-00172806-00173267 kernels decisions Linux offers the proc
CSAVm_uycqE-00505-00173268-00173651 cysts VM swap penis parameter which
CSAVm_uycqE-00506-00173652-00173900 changes the balance between swapping out
CSAVm_uycqE-00507-00173901-00174191 runtime memory as opposed to dropping
CSAVm_uycqE-00508-00174192-00174670 pages from the system page cache Windows
CSAVm_uycqE-00509-00174671-00175061 2000 XP and Vista offer the disable
CSAVm_uycqE-00510-00175062-00175370 paging executive registry setting which
CSAVm_uycqE-00511-00175371-00175631 controls whether kernel mode code and
CSAVm_uycqE-00512-00175632-00176011 data can be eligible for paging out
CSAVm_uycqE-00513-00176012-00176366 mainframe computers frequently used head
CSAVm_uycqE-00514-00176367-00176648 per track disk drives or drums for page
CSAVm_uycqE-00515-00176649-00176921 and swapped storage to eliminate seek
CSAVm_uycqE-00516-00176922-00177212 time and several technologies to have
CSAVm_uycqE-00517-00177213-00177476 multiple concurrent requests to the same
CSAVm_uycqE-00518-00177477-00177755 device in order to reduce rotational
CSAVm_uycqE-00519-00177756-00178205 latency flash memory has a finite number
CSAVm_uycqE-00520-00178206-00178565 of arrays write cycles see limitations
CSAVm_uycqE-00521-00178566-00178844 of flash memory and the smallest amount
CSAVm_uycqE-00522-00178845-00179123 of data that can be erased at once might
CSAVm_uycqE-00523-00179124-00179579 be very large 128 kilobytes for an Intel
CSAVm_uycqE-00524-00179580-00180011 X - 5 m SSD seldom coinciding with page
CSAVm_uycqE-00525-00180012-00180461 size therefore flash memory may wear out
CSAVm_uycqE-00526-00180462-00180758 quickly if used as swap space under type
CSAVm_uycqE-00527-00180759-00181163 memory conditions on the attractive side
CSAVm_uycqE-00528-00181164-00181460 flash memory is practically delilah's
CSAVm_uycqE-00529-00181461-00181763 compared to hard disks and not volatile
CSAVm_uycqE-00530-00181764-00182210 as RAM chips schemes like readyboost and
CSAVm_uycqE-00531-00182211-00182483 intel turbo memory are made to exploit
CSAVm_uycqE-00532-00182484-00182804 these characteristics many unix-like
CSAVm_uycqE-00533-00182805-00183150 operating systems for example X
CSAVm_uycqE-00534-00183151-00183474 linux and solaris allow using multiple
CSAVm_uycqE-00535-00183475-00183735 storage devices for swap space in
CSAVm_uycqE-00536-00183736-00184525 parallel to increase performance
CSAVm_uycqE-00537-00184526-00185183 topic swap space size
CSAVm_uycqE-00538-00185184-00185525 in some older virtual memory operating
CSAVm_uycqE-00539-00185526-00185867 systems space in swap backing store is
CSAVm_uycqE-00540-00185868-00186125 reserved when programs allocate memory
CSAVm_uycqE-00541-00186126-00186542 for runtime data operating system
CSAVm_uycqE-00542-00186543-00186818 vendors typically issue guidelines about
CSAVm_uycqE-00543-00186819-00187678 how much swap space should be allocated
CSAVm_uycqE-00544-00187679-00188070 topic addressing limits on 32-bit
CSAVm_uycqE-00545-00188071-00188543 hardware
CSAVm_uycqE-00546-00188544-00188844 paging is one way of allowing the size
CSAVm_uycqE-00547-00188845-00189152 of the addresses used by a process which
CSAVm_uycqE-00548-00189153-00189523 is the processes virtual address space
CSAVm_uycqE-00549-00189524-00190061 or logical address space to be different
CSAVm_uycqE-00550-00190062-00190283 from the amount of main memory actually
CSAVm_uycqE-00551-00190284-00190598 installed on a particular computer which
CSAVm_uycqE-00552-00190599-00191330 is the physical address space
CSAVm_uycqE-00553-00191331-00191733 topic may memory smaller than virtual
CSAVm_uycqE-00554-00191734-00192149 memory
CSAVm_uycqE-00555-00192150-00192521 in most systems the size of a processors
CSAVm_uycqE-00556-00192522-00192797 virtual address space is much larger
CSAVm_uycqE-00557-00192798-00193121 than the available main memory for
CSAVm_uycqE-00558-00193122-00193528 example the address bus that connects
CSAVm_uycqE-00559-00193529-00193882 the CPU to main memory may be limited
CSAVm_uycqE-00560-00193883-00194546 the I 386 SX CPUs 32-bit internal
CSAVm_uycqE-00561-00194547-00194837 addresses can address four gigabytes but
CSAVm_uycqE-00562-00194838-00195164 it has only 24 pins connected to the
CSAVm_uycqE-00563-00195165-00195466 address bus limiting installed physical
CSAVm_uycqE-00564-00195467-00195857 memory to sixteen megabytes there may be
CSAVm_uycqE-00565-00195858-00196106 other Hardware restrictions on the
CSAVm_uycqE-00566-00196107-00196331 maximum amount of RAM that can be
CSAVm_uycqE-00567-00196332-00196753 installed the maximum memory might not
CSAVm_uycqE-00568-00196754-00197027 be installed because of cost because the
CSAVm_uycqE-00569-00197028-00197306 models standard configuration omits it
CSAVm_uycqE-00570-00197307-00197561 or because the buyer did not believe it
CSAVm_uycqE-00571-00197562-00198002 would be advantageous sometimes not all
CSAVm_uycqE-00572-00198003-00198253 internal addresses can be used for
CSAVm_uycqE-00573-00198254-00198482 memory anyway because the hardware
CSAVm_uycqE-00574-00198483-00198778 architecture may reserve large regions
CSAVm_uycqE-00575-00198779-00199509 for i/o or other features
CSAVm_uycqE-00576-00199510-00199894 topic may memory the same size as
CSAVm_uycqE-00577-00199895-00200370 virtual memory
CSAVm_uycqE-00578-00200371-00200691 a computer with true n bitter dressing
CSAVm_uycqE-00579-00200692-00200979 may have to n addressable units of RAM
CSAVm_uycqE-00580-00200980-00201530 installed an example is a 32-bit x86
CSAVm_uycqE-00581-00201531-00201834 processor with 4 gigabytes and without
CSAVm_uycqE-00582-00201835-00202278 physical address extension PA e in this
CSAVm_uycqE-00583-00202279-00202572 case the processor is able to address
CSAVm_uycqE-00584-00202573-00202895 all the RAM installed and no more
CSAVm_uycqE-00585-00202896-00203283 however even in this case paging can be
CSAVm_uycqE-00586-00203284-00203562 used to create a virtual memory of over
CSAVm_uycqE-00587-00203563-00204027 4 gigabytes for instance many programs
CSAVm_uycqE-00588-00204028-00204330 may be running concurrently together
CSAVm_uycqE-00589-00204331-00204633 they may require more than 4 gigabytes
CSAVm_uycqE-00590-00204634-00204903 but not all of it will have to be in RAM
CSAVm_uycqE-00591-00204904-00205341 at once a paging system makes efficient
CSAVm_uycqE-00592-00205342-00205592 decisions on which memory to relegate to
CSAVm_uycqE-00593-00205594-00205890 secondary storage leading to the best
CSAVm_uycqE-00594-00205891-00206280 use of the installed RAM although the
CSAVm_uycqE-00595-00206281-00206562 processor in this example cannot address
CSAVm_uycqE-00596-00206563-00206904 Ram beyond 4 gigabytes the operating
CSAVm_uycqE-00597-00206905-00207221 system may provide services to programs
CSAVm_uycqE-00598-00207223-00207504 that envision a larger memory such as
CSAVm_uycqE-00599-00207505-00207744 files that can grow beyond the limit of
CSAVm_uycqE-00600-00207744-00208158 installed RAM the operating system lets
CSAVm_uycqE-00601-00208159-00208442 a program manipulate data in the file
CSAVm_uycqE-00602-00208444-00208785 arbitrarily using paging to bring parts
CSAVm_uycqE-00603-00208786-00209556 of the file into RAM when necessary
CSAVm_uycqE-00604-00209557-00209958 topic may memory larger than virtual
CSAVm_uycqE-00605-00209959-00210417 address space
CSAVm_uycqE-00606-00210419-00210715 a few computers have a main memory
CSAVm_uycqE-00607-00210716-00210976 larger than the virtual address space of
CSAVm_uycqE-00608-00210977-00211323 a process such as the magic one some
CSAVm_uycqE-00609-00211325-00211725 pdp-11 machines and some systems using
CSAVm_uycqE-00610-00211726-00212116 32-bit x86 processors with physical
CSAVm_uycqE-00611-00212117-00212463 address extension this nullifies a
CSAVm_uycqE-00612-00212464-00212754 significant advantage of virtual memory
CSAVm_uycqE-00613-00212755-00213081 since a single process cannot use more
CSAVm_uycqE-00614-00213082-00213285 main memory than the amount of its
CSAVm_uycqE-00615-00213286-00213708 virtual address space such systems often
CSAVm_uycqE-00616-00213709-00213944 use paging techniques to obtain
CSAVm_uycqE-00617-00213946-00214554 secondary benefits the extra memory can
CSAVm_uycqE-00618-00214555-00214789 be used in the page cache to cache
CSAVm_uycqE-00619-00214790-00215140 frequently used files and metadata such
CSAVm_uycqE-00620-00215141-00215442 as directory information from secondary
CSAVm_uycqE-00621-00215444-00215648 storage
CSAVm_uycqE-00622-00215648-00215954 if the processor and operating systems
CSAVm_uycqE-00623-00215955-00216244 support multiple virtual address spaces
CSAVm_uycqE-00624-00216246-00216719 the extra memory can be used to run more
CSAVm_uycqE-00625-00216719-00217084 processors paging allows the cumulative
CSAVm_uycqE-00626-00217085-00217360 total of virtual address spaces to
CSAVm_uycqE-00627-00217361-00217805 exceed physical main memory a process
CSAVm_uycqE-00628-00217806-00218123 can store data in memory mapped files on
CSAVm_uycqE-00629-00218123-00218429 memory backed file systems such as the
CSAVm_uycqE-00630-00218430-00218825 tmpfs file system or file systems on a
CSAVm_uycqE-00631-00218826-00219142 ram drive and map files into and out of
CSAVm_uycqE-00632-00219144-00219515 the address space as needed a set of
CSAVm_uycqE-00633-00219516-00219794 processes may still depend upon the
CSAVm_uycqE-00634-00219794-00220105 enhanced security features page based
CSAVm_uycqE-00635-00220106-00220406 isolation may bring to a multitasking
CSAVm_uycqE-00636-00220407-00220682 environment the size of the cumulative
CSAVm_uycqE-00637-00220683-00220982 total of virtual address spaces is still
CSAVm_uycqE-00638-00220983-00221207 limited by the amount of secondary
CSAVm_uycqE-00639-00221208-00221906 storage available
CSAVm_uycqE-00640-00221907-00222509 topic see also
CSAVm_uycqE-00641-00222510-00222911 equals equals notes
CUCtTK_4Y6Y-00000-00001271-00001491 item number
CUCtTK_4Y6Y-00001-00001492-00001663 scp-7008
CUCtTK_4Y6Y-00002-00001664-00001967 containment class anomalous
CUCtTK_4Y6Y-00003-00001968-00002259 special containment procedures
CUCtTK_4Y6Y-00004-00002260-00002542 scp-7000a presents a negligible threat
CUCtTK_4Y6Y-00005-00002543-00002783 to the veil or foundation
CUCtTK_4Y6Y-00006-00002784-00002963 research into the cause of
CUCtTK_4Y6Y-00007-00002964-00003206 scp-7008 manifestation events may
CUCtTK_4Y6Y-00008-00003207-00003438 continue but no formal containment is
CUCtTK_4Y6Y-00009-00003439-00003583 required
CUCtTK_4Y6Y-00010-00003584-00003770 description
CUCtTK_4Y6Y-00011-00003771-00004022 scp-7008 is the manifestation of an
CUCtTK_4Y6Y-00012-00004023-00004295 otherwise non-anomalous artificial rose
CUCtTK_4Y6Y-00013-00004296-00004495 made of pink fabric and plastic that
CUCtTK_4Y6Y-00014-00004496-00004815 spontaneously appears in populated areas
CUCtTK_4Y6Y-00015-00004816-00005038 the conditions for its manifestation are
CUCtTK_4Y6Y-00016-00005039-00005263 still unclear but a vast majority of
CUCtTK_4Y6Y-00017-00005264-00005570 events share the following in common
CUCtTK_4Y6Y-00018-00005571-00005927 scp-7008 usually manifests between 5 pm
CUCtTK_4Y6Y-00019-00005928-00006238 and 4 am local time despite almost
CUCtTK_4Y6Y-00020-00006239-00006422 exclusively manifesting in urban
CUCtTK_4Y6Y-00021-00006423-00006663 environments the area is rarely heavily
CUCtTK_4Y6Y-00022-00006664-00006898 populated at the time
CUCtTK_4Y6Y-00023-00006900-00007191 scp-7008 favors industrial and business
CUCtTK_4Y6Y-00024-00007192-00007491 zones over residential areas
CUCtTK_4Y6Y-00025-00007492-00007774 scp-7008 manifests outside of direct
CUCtTK_4Y6Y-00026-00007775-00007998 human observation
CUCtTK_4Y6Y-00027-00008000-00008134 footnote one
CUCtTK_4Y6Y-00028-00008136-00008342 this combined with the lack of anomalous
CUCtTK_4Y6Y-00029-00008343-00008567 effects following manifestation make
CUCtTK_4Y6Y-00030-00008568-00008887 containment and research of scp-7008
CUCtTK_4Y6Y-00031-00008888-00009119 a low priority
CUCtTK_4Y6Y-00032-00009120-00009267 addendum
CUCtTK_4Y6Y-00033-00009268-00009423 7008.1
CUCtTK_4Y6Y-00034-00009424-00009559 discovery
CUCtTK_4Y6Y-00035-00009560-00009823 foundation data crawler sylvia.aic
CUCtTK_4Y6Y-00036-00009824-00010055 recorded a brief reboot of several audio
CUCtTK_4Y6Y-00037-00010056-00010406 visual cctv cameras in norfolk virginia
CUCtTK_4Y6Y-00038-00010407-00010614 as this was extremely unlikely without
CUCtTK_4Y6Y-00039-00010615-00010814 anomalous interference it was flagged
CUCtTK_4Y6Y-00040-00010815-00011023 for manual review leading to the first
CUCtTK_4Y6Y-00041-00011024-00011399 recorded scp-7008 event a transcription
CUCtTK_4Y6Y-00042-00011400-00011703 of the footage can be found below
CUCtTK_4Y6Y-00043-00011704-00011919 morgan alda walks out of their place of
CUCtTK_4Y6Y-00044-00011920-00012159 employment a local grocers
CUCtTK_4Y6Y-00045-00012160-00012463 it's 2 17 am the street is dark and all
CUCtTK_4Y6Y-00046-00012464-00012663 the shivers momentarily
CUCtTK_4Y6Y-00047-00012664-00012830 reaching into their pocket they pull out
CUCtTK_4Y6Y-00048-00012831-00013055 a set of keys and after 30 seconds of
CUCtTK_4Y6Y-00049-00013056-00013286 effort lock the door to the building
CUCtTK_4Y6Y-00050-00013287-00013511 they take a few steps back still facing
CUCtTK_4Y6Y-00051-00013512-00013703 the building and take a single deep
CUCtTK_4Y6Y-00052-00013704-00013951 breath rubbing their eyes they wander to
CUCtTK_4Y6Y-00053-00013952-00014119 a nearby bench
CUCtTK_4Y6Y-00054-00014119-00014303 alda sits down and pulls a pair of
CUCtTK_4Y6Y-00055-00014304-00014486 earphones and a pack of gum from their
CUCtTK_4Y6Y-00056-00014487-00014711 pockets they plug the headphones in
CUCtTK_4Y6Y-00057-00014712-00014943 fiddling with their phone to find a song
CUCtTK_4Y6Y-00058-00014944-00015166 content or at least okay with their
CUCtTK_4Y6Y-00059-00015168-00015366 choice they put the phone down and stare
CUCtTK_4Y6Y-00060-00015368-00015527 across the road
CUCtTK_4Y6Y-00061-00015528-00015766 a few minutes pass the gentle breeze
CUCtTK_4Y6Y-00062-00015768-00016055 dies down they gaze into the distance
CUCtTK_4Y6Y-00063-00016056-00016286 isolated from the world around them
CUCtTK_4Y6Y-00064-00016287-00016599 rarely a car passes roaring as it does
CUCtTK_4Y6Y-00065-00016600-00016855 but they do not react their every breath
CUCtTK_4Y6Y-00066-00016856-00017127 cuts the brisk air regardless they
CUCtTK_4Y6Y-00067-00017128-00017311 continue to stare
CUCtTK_4Y6Y-00068-00017312-00017615 a long while later alda snaps back sighs
CUCtTK_4Y6Y-00069-00017616-00017839 loudly and leans down putting their head
CUCtTK_4Y6Y-00070-00017840-00018183 in their hands the footage cuts out
CUCtTK_4Y6Y-00071-00018184-00018422 when it resumes a pink plastic rose can
CUCtTK_4Y6Y-00072-00018423-00018655 be seen to the side of the bench alda
CUCtTK_4Y6Y-00073-00018656-00018919 continues to sit head and hands after
CUCtTK_4Y6Y-00074-00018920-00019119 five minutes they look up and notice the
CUCtTK_4Y6Y-00075-00019120-00019230 rose
CUCtTK_4Y6Y-00076-00019231-00019503 they hesitate
CUCtTK_4Y6Y-00077-00019504-00019686 huh
CUCtTK_4Y6Y-00078-00019687-00019879 they pick up the rose and turn it about
CUCtTK_4Y6Y-00079-00019880-00020071 in their hands looking it over for a
CUCtTK_4Y6Y-00080-00020072-00020167 minute
CUCtTK_4Y6Y-00081-00020168-00020399 suddenly they stand up almost jumping
CUCtTK_4Y6Y-00082-00020400-00020614 off the ground in effort and slide the
CUCtTK_4Y6Y-00083-00020615-00020799 rose into their pocket
CUCtTK_4Y6Y-00084-00020800-00021022 slowly they wander towards the camera as
CUCtTK_4Y6Y-00085-00021023-00021278 they head home as they leave frame they
CUCtTK_4Y6Y-00086-00021279-00022247 have a slight smile on their face
CUCtTK_4Y6Y-00087-00022248-00022414 thank you guys so much for watching and
CUCtTK_4Y6Y-00088-00022415-00022678 a huge thank you to all of my patrons on
CUCtTK_4Y6Y-00089-00022679-00022943 patreon special shout out to level 4
CUCtTK_4Y6Y-00090-00022944-00023247 patrons lesbi friends alexis zagrete
CUCtTK_4Y6Y-00091-00023248-00023567 everborn and joe light and a huge shout
CUCtTK_4Y6Y-00092-00023568-00023822 out to level 5 patron doomsday llc
CUCtTK_4Y6Y-00093-00023823-00024078 prince and design and level 6 patron
CUCtTK_4Y6Y-00094-00024079-00024294 totally not a femme boy if you would
CUCtTK_4Y6Y-00095-00024295-00024455 like to see your name at the end of my
CUCtTK_4Y6Y-00096-00024456-00024694 videos see my videos early and get some
CUCtTK_4Y6Y-00097-00024695-00024847 other cool perks head on over to
CUCtTK_4Y6Y-00098-00024848-00025135 patreon.com dr maxwell link in the
CUCtTK_4Y6Y-00099-00025136-00025571 description
CUCtTK_4Y6Y-00100-00025572-00025790 [Music]
CUCtTK_4Y6Y-00101-00025791-00026000 you
CWhDmaTLhRc-00000-00000026-00000289 happened to me on smashwords lost and I
CWhDmaTLhRc-00001-00000290-00000568 came across this book secret to a great
CWhDmaTLhRc-00002-00000569-00000755 autobiography grass fire blade
CWhDmaTLhRc-00003-00000756-00001124 publishing it was free so glad to make
CWhDmaTLhRc-00004-00001125-00001289 it had some gems in and when I hadn't
CWhDmaTLhRc-00005-00001290-00001675 thought of yet I was disappointed
CWhDmaTLhRc-00006-00001676-00001955 secrets feel great autobiography really
CWhDmaTLhRc-00007-00001955-00002180 jumps straight into it there's no
CWhDmaTLhRc-00008-00002181-00002342 introduction to what you're about to
CWhDmaTLhRc-00009-00002343-00002564 learn or why it's important it's an
CWhDmaTLhRc-00010-00002565-00002813 information dump this is what you need
CWhDmaTLhRc-00011-00002814-00003184 to do period here are very few non
CWhDmaTLhRc-00012-00003185-00003461 obvious things to think about but mostly
CWhDmaTLhRc-00013-00003461-00003668 it's a wall of text that culminates in
CWhDmaTLhRc-00014-00003669-00003824 an advertisement for flyer blade
CWhDmaTLhRc-00015-00003825-00004088 publishing and that advertisement is as
CWhDmaTLhRc-00016-00004089-00004272 long as appropriate leading up to it
CWhDmaTLhRc-00017-00004273-00004577 it's a real pity because I honestly
CWhDmaTLhRc-00018-00004578-00004781 comes with lots of authors could benefit
CWhDmaTLhRc-00019-00004782-00005002 from a better buyer I'm not even sure
CWhDmaTLhRc-00020-00005003-00005225 I'm doing it right yet I'd love to learn
CWhDmaTLhRc-00021-00005226-00005597 more so if you're and also what are your
CWhDmaTLhRc-00022-00005598-00005765 tips and tricks for writing a twitter
CWhDmaTLhRc-00023-00005766-00006074 bio if you're a reader what all
CWhDmaTLhRc-00024-00006075-00006281 suppliers have you read the really stood
CWhDmaTLhRc-00025-00006282-00006534 out and made you want to bargain oaks
CWhDmaTLhRc-00026-00006536-00006964 but by the way have you read my fantasy
CWhDmaTLhRc-00027-00006965-00007225 short hair pulled a petition to magic
CWhDmaTLhRc-00028-00007226-00007523 you can get it as an e-book from lots of
CWhDmaTLhRc-00029-00007523-00007723 different places and even income from
CWhDmaTLhRc-00030-00007725-00008087 Lulu gotcha cramdown store blogspot.com
CWhDmaTLhRc-00031-00008088-00008389 my drug to find out all the places you
CWhDmaTLhRc-00032-00008390-00008768 can buy from thanks for listening
CWk_rjN_1x8-00000-00000008-00000157 what's up love bugs I am back with
CWk_rjN_1x8-00001-00000158-00000572 another video hey guys hey so if you
CWk_rjN_1x8-00002-00000573-00000857 follow me on Instagram then you know me
CWk_rjN_1x8-00003-00000858-00001087 my husband just moved into our home so
CWk_rjN_1x8-00004-00001088-00001466 we're making it homey yeah yes so make
CWk_rjN_1x8-00005-00001467-00001618 sure you check me out on Instagram I be
CWk_rjN_1x8-00006-00001619-00001862 on the go with mr. Joe also if you like
CWk_rjN_1x8-00007-00001863-00001984 this video definitely give it a thumbs
CWk_rjN_1x8-00008-00001985-00002227 up so I can do more videos like this and
CWk_rjN_1x8-00009-00002228-00002584 make sure you are subscribed so today
CWk_rjN_1x8-00010-00002585-00002873 I'm gonna be showing you guys our coffee
CWk_rjN_1x8-00011-00002874-00003100 bar I got the idea to do a coffee bar
CWk_rjN_1x8-00012-00003101-00003311 honestly you log on to Pinterest and
CWk_rjN_1x8-00013-00003311-00003488 Pinterest just get your whole entire
CWk_rjN_1x8-00014-00003489-00003875 life like it get you together so I was
CWk_rjN_1x8-00015-00003876-00004145 like hey let me just you know tease a
CWk_rjN_1x8-00016-00004146-00004343 couple of my house things on Instagram
CWk_rjN_1x8-00017-00004344-00004541 and people actually liked them and they
CWk_rjN_1x8-00018-00004542-00004733 wanted to see if I was vlogging this or
CWk_rjN_1x8-00019-00004734-00004925 doing videos on it so I decided to go
CWk_rjN_1x8-00020-00004926-00005147 ahead and do some videos so you guys I'm
CWk_rjN_1x8-00021-00005148-00005324 gonna show you my coffee bar right now
CWk_rjN_1x8-00022-00005325-00005479 and then I'm gonna go over the details
CWk_rjN_1x8-00023-00005480-00005711 that I did to make my coffee bar and
CWk_rjN_1x8-00024-00005712-00005984 price this stuff like that so keep
CWk_rjN_1x8-00025-00005985-00006547 watching
CWk_rjN_1x8-00026-00006548-00009246 [Music]
CWk_rjN_1x8-00027-00009247-00009612 [Music]
CWk_rjN_1x8-00028-00009613-00009916 okay so now that you guys seen my coffee
CWk_rjN_1x8-00029-00009917-00010087 stand as a whole I'm gonna walk through
CWk_rjN_1x8-00030-00010088-00010402 the things that are on my coffee bar so
CWk_rjN_1x8-00031-00010403-00010675 the first thing is this Keurig I like
CWk_rjN_1x8-00032-00010676-00010828 this character it's small its
CWk_rjN_1x8-00033-00010829-00010981 lightweight it's portable I can pretty
CWk_rjN_1x8-00034-00010982-00011335 much move it anywhere across the counter
CWk_rjN_1x8-00035-00011336-00011626 I liked it because it fit really good
CWk_rjN_1x8-00036-00011627-00011857 with in this corner if you notice when
CWk_rjN_1x8-00037-00011858-00012049 we get through my entire coffee bar I
CWk_rjN_1x8-00038-00012050-00012229 actually technically do have three
CWk_rjN_1x8-00039-00012230-00012538 coffee makers about the only use two of
CWk_rjN_1x8-00040-00012539-00012696 them and we use them for separate
CWk_rjN_1x8-00041-00012697-00013006 purposes so the second thing on here is
CWk_rjN_1x8-00042-00013007-00013483 a cookie jar this jar I picked up from
CWk_rjN_1x8-00043-00013484-00013687 Target was actually on my registry as I
CWk_rjN_1x8-00044-00013688-00014050 get I believe it was 16.99 we do have
CWk_rjN_1x8-00045-00014051-00014451 cookies in there kind of look empty oh
CWk_rjN_1x8-00046-00014452-00014905 by the way this carriage was $79.99 but
CWk_rjN_1x8-00047-00014906-00015069 i've purchased it for Black Friday I
CWk_rjN_1x8-00048-00015070-00015222 want to say during Black Friday it was
CWk_rjN_1x8-00049-00015223-00015562 like 30 bucks the next thing that I have
CWk_rjN_1x8-00050-00015563-00015952 is my loose leaf tea this is part of the
CWk_rjN_1x8-00051-00015953-00016122 matching set of the cookies I want to
CWk_rjN_1x8-00052-00016123-00016275 say this loose leaf tea thing was on
CWk_rjN_1x8-00053-00016276-00016561 sell for $7.99 actually did get it off
CWk_rjN_1x8-00054-00016562-00016950 my registry as well and I drink loose
CWk_rjN_1x8-00055-00016951-00017397 leaf tea this next item I'm gonna pull
CWk_rjN_1x8-00056-00017398-00017677 it out so you guys can actually see it
CWk_rjN_1x8-00057-00017678-00017956 the Magnolia collection if I'm not
CWk_rjN_1x8-00058-00017957-00018139 mistaken I had to reach the top but I'm
CWk_rjN_1x8-00059-00018140-00018313 pretty sure this is the Magnolia can
CWk_rjN_1x8-00060-00018314-00018672 collection at Target
CWk_rjN_1x8-00061-00018673-00019186 yes it is so I can't place pretty much
CWk_rjN_1x8-00062-00019187-00019402 anything on here currently right now
CWk_rjN_1x8-00063-00019403-00019609 I used artificial plants I picked these
CWk_rjN_1x8-00064-00019610-00019965 plants up three of them from Ikea for
CWk_rjN_1x8-00065-00019966-00020275 399 this one actually came from Ikea
CWk_rjN_1x8-00066-00020276-00020656 zw-- I would say that one was $7.99 and
CWk_rjN_1x8-00067-00020657-00020905 if you guys notice behind them they are
CWk_rjN_1x8-00068-00020906-00021250 some tea mugs these tea mugs stay pretty
CWk_rjN_1x8-00069-00021251-00021544 darn warm for a while and you can heat
CWk_rjN_1x8-00070-00021545-00021725 these up in the microwave I love these I
CWk_rjN_1x8-00071-00021726-00021934 received this as a wedding gift as well
CWk_rjN_1x8-00072-00021935-00022237 it was two for $19.99 and that came off
CWk_rjN_1x8-00073-00022238-00022531 my target as well so like I said this
CWk_rjN_1x8-00074-00022532-00022593 stand
CWk_rjN_1x8-00075-00022594-00022818 has multi purposes but candy on here
CWk_rjN_1x8-00076-00022819-00023091 cookies treats cheese's pretty much
CWk_rjN_1x8-00077-00023092-00023241 anything you can move around the house
CWk_rjN_1x8-00078-00023242-00023466 it goes with pretty much all my house
CWk_rjN_1x8-00079-00023467-00023793 decor but I wanted up here to kind of
CWk_rjN_1x8-00080-00023794-00024159 read my whole entire coffee bar together
CWk_rjN_1x8-00081-00024160-00024594 run up the stand is over the stand I
CWk_rjN_1x8-00082-00024595-00024831 believe cost thirty to ninety nine if
CWk_rjN_1x8-00083-00024832-00025068 I'm not mistaken so in front of here I
CWk_rjN_1x8-00084-00025069-00025284 have a bride and groom cups that
CWk_rjN_1x8-00085-00025285-00025494 actually got that as a gift from the
CWk_rjN_1x8-00086-00025495-00025694 wedding I don't know who gave those to
CWk_rjN_1x8-00087-00025695-00025802 me and I honestly couldn't tell you
CWk_rjN_1x8-00088-00025804-00025925 where to get them I'm pretty sure if you
CWk_rjN_1x8-00089-00025926-00026106 type them into Google you would be able
CWk_rjN_1x8-00090-00026107-00026307 to find them but I think this was pretty
CWk_rjN_1x8-00091-00026308-00026544 cool and my husband uses the groom one
CWk_rjN_1x8-00092-00026545-00026688 every single day so I think it's
CWk_rjN_1x8-00093-00026689-00027002 honestly really cute anyways so along
CWk_rjN_1x8-00094-00027004-00027258 with the tea and cookie maker I have a
CWk_rjN_1x8-00095-00027258-00027554 coffee one now this one doesn't have
CWk_rjN_1x8-00096-00027555-00027843 loose leaf coffee in it it actually just
CWk_rjN_1x8-00097-00027844-00028335 has K Cups in it and these K cups are
CWk_rjN_1x8-00098-00028336-00028712 actually decaf he loves decaf coffee so
CWk_rjN_1x8-00099-00028713-00028958 instead of doing the loose leaf coffee
CWk_rjN_1x8-00100-00028960-00029148 he has the option to I just went ahead
CWk_rjN_1x8-00101-00029149-00029381 and stuck him in here for the time being
CWk_rjN_1x8-00102-00029382-00029679 it's pretty cute I want to say this one
CWk_rjN_1x8-00103-00029680-00029919 was 1099 if I'm not mistaken but it was
CWk_rjN_1x8-00104-00029920-00030140 on sale at one point in time at Target I
CWk_rjN_1x8-00105-00030141-00030515 got that as well as a gift and now you
CWk_rjN_1x8-00106-00030516-00030983 guys my electric tea kettle this tea
CWk_rjN_1x8-00107-00030985-00031173 kettle is amazing I did have it on my
CWk_rjN_1x8-00108-00031174-00031652 registry as a wedding gift this is
CWk_rjN_1x8-00109-00031652-00032037 amazing so if you look down here closely
CWk_rjN_1x8-00110-00032038-00032495 you can for coffee I just use it like I
CWk_rjN_1x8-00111-00032497-00032748 said for it loose leaf teas let me focus
CWk_rjN_1x8-00112-00032749-00033195 in for you guys so on the side is the on
CWk_rjN_1x8-00113-00033196-00033570 button so when you turn it on you know
CWk_rjN_1x8-00114-00033571-00033813 it lights up I'm gonna turn it off since
CWk_rjN_1x8-00115-00033814-00033978 I don't have anything in there but
CWk_rjN_1x8-00116-00033979-00034227 across it is so cool you have a
CWk_rjN_1x8-00117-00034228-00034506 different settings you have a warm you
CWk_rjN_1x8-00118-00034507-00034713 have a white you have a horrible it has
CWk_rjN_1x8-00119-00034714-00035034 a different temperatures and you can set
CWk_rjN_1x8-00120-00035035-00035307 to what you want it to brew at so I
CWk_rjN_1x8-00121-00035308-00035502 think that's super super cool like I
CWk_rjN_1x8-00122-00035503-00035814 said I use it for teas my husband has
CWk_rjN_1x8-00123-00035815-00035893 yet to
CWk_rjN_1x8-00124-00035894-00036082 that I don't think he will be using it
CWk_rjN_1x8-00125-00036083-00036283 especially since we have k-cups we have
CWk_rjN_1x8-00126-00036284-00036616 that old-school gear egg this one
CWk_rjN_1x8-00127-00036617-00036850 actually does work do I even have a plug
CWk_rjN_1x8-00128-00036851-00037045 Daniel I don't have a plug in but we
CWk_rjN_1x8-00129-00037046-00037303 don't use this one this is for if we
CWk_rjN_1x8-00130-00037304-00037663 have multiple people coming over or if
CWk_rjN_1x8-00131-00037664-00038122 we want it more than just one cup I
CWk_rjN_1x8-00132-00038123-00038379 guess this was something I already had
CWk_rjN_1x8-00133-00038380-00038722 kind of forgot about it and then I ended
CWk_rjN_1x8-00134-00038723-00039052 up getting a whole nother coffee thing
CWk_rjN_1x8-00135-00039053-00039532 so overall this is my simple coffee bar
CWk_rjN_1x8-00136-00039533-00039811 it's very very achievable you can do
CWk_rjN_1x8-00137-00039812-00040069 different types of things for it
CWk_rjN_1x8-00138-00040070-00040246 um you might be asking me where my sugar
CWk_rjN_1x8-00139-00040247-00040558 my tea my honey we have creamer actually
CWk_rjN_1x8-00140-00040559-00040690 in the refrigerator it's not on the
CWk_rjN_1x8-00141-00040691-00040855 stand and then the honey is actually in
CWk_rjN_1x8-00142-00040856-00041134 the cabinet but outside of that I wanted
CWk_rjN_1x8-00143-00041135-00041353 to keep it very simple very clean very
CWk_rjN_1x8-00144-00041354-00041605 easy to clean and you can pretty much
CWk_rjN_1x8-00145-00041606-00041884 get what you need to make your coffee or
CWk_rjN_1x8-00146-00041885-00042142 tea right here at this stand I am gonna
CWk_rjN_1x8-00147-00042143-00042370 do a sign I'm not sure where exactly my
CWk_rjN_1x8-00148-00042371-00042790 sign is gonna be however this is my
CWk_rjN_1x8-00149-00042791-00043036 coffee bar idea if you guys have any
CWk_rjN_1x8-00150-00043037-00043255 ideas or anything to add to it
CWk_rjN_1x8-00151-00043256-00043447 definitely let me know if you guys have
CWk_rjN_1x8-00152-00043448-00043738 any links to any cute signs also let me
CWk_rjN_1x8-00153-00043739-00044026 know because I am looking for a cute
CWk_rjN_1x8-00154-00044027-00044296 coffee sign but until next time y'all
CWk_rjN_1x8-00155-00044297-00044539 bye
CWMzMjwByX0-00000-00001312-00001511 every time someone rolls around we
CWMzMjwByX0-00001-00001512-00001671 always hear a couple of flash flood
CWMzMjwByX0-00002-00001672-00001767 warnings
CWMzMjwByX0-00003-00001768-00001982 we almost never take them seriously and
CWMzMjwByX0-00004-00001984-00002247 i'm pretty sure that's our good practice
CWMzMjwByX0-00005-00002248-00002399 look i understand why they throw out
CWMzMjwByX0-00006-00002400-00002575 these warnings they're here to save
CWMzMjwByX0-00007-00002576-00002807 lives and protect property
CWMzMjwByX0-00008-00002808-00003079 but those sounds are absolutely nasty
CWMzMjwByX0-00009-00003080-00003359 that long beep on your phone is just so
CWMzMjwByX0-00010-00003360-00003495 annoying
CWMzMjwByX0-00011-00003496-00003686 however i think i may be glad that i've
CWMzMjwByX0-00012-00003688-00003847 yet to hear the ones they broke ass on
CWMzMjwByX0-00013-00003847-00004038 the radio with those three annoying
CWMzMjwByX0-00014-00004039-00004295 screeches in a long awful tone it'll be
CWMzMjwByX0-00015-00004296-00004470 super damn creepy especially if i'm
CWMzMjwByX0-00016-00004471-00004622 driving alone
CWMzMjwByX0-00017-00004623-00004815 but by far the most complicated event
CWMzMjwByX0-00018-00004816-00004983 surrounding these warnings at least in
CWMzMjwByX0-00019-00004984-00005415 my experience happened on mac 27 2022
CWMzMjwByX0-00020-00005416-00005583 it was a friday and we were all getting
CWMzMjwByX0-00021-00005584-00005799 ready for the talent show look i'm not
CWMzMjwByX0-00022-00005800-00005918 sure why they still have talent shows in
CWMzMjwByX0-00023-00005919-00006070 eighth grade it was the student
CWMzMjwByX0-00024-00006071-00006215 council's choice i was reaching the
CWMzMjwByX0-00025-00006216-00006463 students as a whole but other ways most
CWMzMjwByX0-00026-00006464-00006575 of the performers were only sixth
CWMzMjwByX0-00027-00006576-00006839 graders but it was around 1pm and we
CWMzMjwByX0-00028-00006840-00007055 were in science this kid's phone buzzed
CWMzMjwByX0-00029-00007056-00007231 with that annoying tone i went over to
CWMzMjwByX0-00030-00007231-00007487 investigate it was a tornado warning i
CWMzMjwByX0-00031-00007488-00007614 directed him to go on the national
CWMzMjwByX0-00032-00007615-00007798 weather service's website
CWMzMjwByX0-00033-00007800-00007998 the report indicated that the radar
CWMzMjwByX0-00034-00008000-00008134 found rotation
CWMzMjwByX0-00035-00008136-00008399 even so i took cover it didn't make any
CWMzMjwByX0-00036-00008400-00008567 difference since i was still facing
CWMzMjwByX0-00037-00008568-00008855 windows and i was on the second floor
CWMzMjwByX0-00038-00008856-00009039 but not long later the principal came
CWMzMjwByX0-00039-00009040-00009246 out the loudspeaker and telling us that
CWMzMjwByX0-00040-00009247-00009391 we would go into a severe weather
CWMzMjwByX0-00041-00009392-00009591 emergency drill for us we all
CWMzMjwByX0-00042-00009592-00009814 congregated in a hallway but it made no
CWMzMjwByX0-00043-00009815-00010031 difference again because we were on the
CWMzMjwByX0-00044-00010032-00010214 second floor
CWMzMjwByX0-00045-00010215-00010383 so we all punched up in the hallway in
CWMzMjwByX0-00046-00010384-00010631 that circle safe position we just sat
CWMzMjwByX0-00047-00010632-00010863 there like this
CWMzMjwByX0-00048-00010864-00011095 but eventually the warning ended at 1 15
CWMzMjwByX0-00049-00011096-00011238 and we were all clear to go to the
CWMzMjwByX0-00050-00011239-00011463 talent show since their town suffered no
CWMzMjwByX0-00051-00011464-00011670 damage but i'm not sure if other places
CWMzMjwByX0-00052-00011671-00011959 got nuked it could be possible
CWMzMjwByX0-00053-00011960-00012135 when i got home my cousin told me that
CWMzMjwByX0-00054-00012136-00012303 one of his classmates told him that he
CWMzMjwByX0-00055-00012304-00012574 saw a funnel that's been suspicious
CWMzMjwByX0-00056-00012575-00012799 so if we learn anything from that day it
CWMzMjwByX0-00057-00012800-00012966 was that you cannot predict how they can
CWMzMjwByX0-00058-00012967-00013046 go
CWMzMjwByX0-00059-00013047-00013327 from a clear day to a rainy day to a
CWMzMjwByX0-00060-00013328-00013583 brief few seconds of common suspicion to
CWMzMjwByX0-00061-00013584-00013838 an emergency be prepared people
CWMzMjwByX0-00062-00013840-00013966 you can never expect what will happen
CWMzMjwByX0-00063-00013968-00014166 tomorrow being prepared can save your
CWMzMjwByX0-00064-00014168-00014422 life one day by the way the talent show
CWMzMjwByX0-00065-00014423-00014551 may be cringe
CWMzMjwByX0-00066-00014552-00014727 thanks for watching and please sub and
CWMzMjwByX0-00067-00014728-00015147 like if you wish thanks
CaPD46ctAdy-00000-00000003-00000356 I am frequently asked Patricia how did
CaPD46ctAdy-00001-00000357-00000571 you become so successful as a speaker
CaPD46ctAdy-00002-00000572-00000784 after all you're the first woman
CaPD46ctAdy-00003-00000785-00000965 president the National Speakers
CaPD46ctAdy-00004-00000966-00001232 Association Hall of Fame keynote speaker
CaPD46ctAdy-00005-00001233-00001532 and you've spoken to audiences on five
CaPD46ctAdy-00006-00001533-00001925 continents for over 30 years well I
CaPD46ctAdy-00007-00001926-00002282 promise you I did not start with any
CaPD46ctAdy-00008-00002283-00002591 great talent and that is not being
CaPD46ctAdy-00009-00002592-00002681 modest
CaPD46ctAdy-00010-00002682-00003016 I started with an interest in and a
CaPD46ctAdy-00011-00003017-00003394 commitment to becoming a good speaker I
CaPD46ctAdy-00012-00003395-00003653 started with the Dale Carnegie public
CaPD46ctAdy-00013-00003654-00003878 speaking course and then Toastmasters
CaPD46ctAdy-00014-00003879-00004151 and with my friends that I met in Dale
CaPD46ctAdy-00015-00004152-00004370 Carnegie we called ourselves the future
CaPD46ctAdy-00016-00004371-00004606 millionaires Breakfast Club we went to
CaPD46ctAdy-00017-00004607-00004952 every seminar we heard about we went to
CaPD46ctAdy-00018-00004953-00005245 the big rallies and bought all the books
CaPD46ctAdy-00019-00005246-00005609 and the tapes and I heard about the
CaPD46ctAdy-00020-00005610-00005849 National Speakers Association I went to
CaPD46ctAdy-00021-00005850-00006460 my first one in 1977 as a 32 year old
CaPD46ctAdy-00022-00006461-00006713 hairstylist thinking no one's gonna want
CaPD46ctAdy-00023-00006714-00006938 to talk to me I only talked to Rotary
CaPD46ctAdy-00024-00006939-00007253 clubs and hairdressers and that's when I
CaPD46ctAdy-00025-00007254-00007648 saw the image the vision of what was
CaPD46ctAdy-00026-00007650-00007970 possible one I knew becoming a
CaPD46ctAdy-00027-00007970-00008364 professional speaker is a long-term goal
CaPD46ctAdy-00028-00008365-00008717 plus I had was two years into a ten-year
CaPD46ctAdy-00029-00008718-00008956 lease on my hairstyling salon and I
CaPD46ctAdy-00030-00008957-00009235 loved the business so I thought let me
CaPD46ctAdy-00031-00009236-00009473 be in the position if I want to eight
CaPD46ctAdy-00032-00009474-00009716 years later when my lease was up to
CaPD46ctAdy-00033-00009717-00010355 become a speaker point one when you make
CaPD46ctAdy-00034-00010356-00010681 a decision to be a great speaker it's
CaPD46ctAdy-00035-00010682-00010981 not a short-term goal it's a long-term
CaPD46ctAdy-00036-00010982-00011521 goal and I had a real commitment to so I
CaPD46ctAdy-00037-00011522-00011767 went to classes I work with speech
CaPD46ctAdy-00038-00011768-00012151 coaches got friends and learned from
CaPD46ctAdy-00039-00012152-00012499 acting coaches comedy writing coaches I
CaPD46ctAdy-00040-00012500-00012778 even hired a choreographer and
CaPD46ctAdy-00041-00012779-00013105 do you know anything about speaking he
CaPD46ctAdy-00042-00013106-00013355 said no I said good watch my three hour
CaPD46ctAdy-00043-00013356-00013625 seminar and give me feedback from your
CaPD46ctAdy-00044-00013626-00013700 point of view
CaPD46ctAdy-00045-00013701-00013933 he gave me one piece of advice that was
CaPD46ctAdy-00046-00013934-00014015 invaluable
CaPD46ctAdy-00047-00014016-00014300 he said Patricia you're doing a good job
CaPD46ctAdy-00048-00014301-00014693 using the width of the step you don't
CaPD46ctAdy-00049-00014694-00015361 use enough depth of the stage much of
CaPD46ctAdy-00050-00015362-00015808 the advice that I have invested nearly
CaPD46ctAdy-00051-00015809-00016283 40 years learning is now available to
CaPD46ctAdy-00052-00016284-00016724 you because 40 years ago there wasn't
CaPD46ctAdy-00053-00016725-00016969 nearly as much help we didn't have the
CaPD46ctAdy-00054-00016970-00017272 Internet there wasn't YouTube so if
CaPD46ctAdy-00055-00017273-00017497 you're interested in learning just some
CaPD46ctAdy-00056-00017498-00018044 or a lot of what I have learned and put
CaPD46ctAdy-00057-00018045-00018260 together so you don't have to have the
CaPD46ctAdy-00058-00018261-00018478 frustration the check the benefits of
CaPD46ctAdy-00059-00018479-00018860 taking my online course mean for busy
CaPD46ctAdy-00060-00018861-00019124 professionals you immediately start
CaPD46ctAdy-00061-00019125-00019300 developing the skills that going to give
CaPD46ctAdy-00062-00019301-00019601 you a competitive edge
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00000-00000000-00000179 what's up everybody it's your boy Mars
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00001-00000180-00000394 Ben here and today I'm welcomed by the
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00002-00000395-00000593 crew to discuss our reactions and
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00003-00000594-00000875 discussion on episode 2 of The Last of
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00004-00000876-00001133 Us series from HBO and we are going to
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00005-00001134-00001487 be diving in to both our non-spoilers uh
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00006-00001488-00001702 not spoilers review as well as our
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00007-00001703-00001930 spoilers discussion and that's going to
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00008-00001932-00002123 be divided into two separate sections so
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00009-00002124-00002339 the first half is gonna be dedicated to
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00010-00002340-00002525 the non-spoiler review and the second
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00011-00002526-00002758 half is going to be solely based on our
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00012-00002759-00002921 discussions and how we felt about each
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00013-00002922-00003100 part of the episode so if you have not
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00014-00003101-00003317 seen the episode so far you're in luck
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00015-00003318-00003467 you can watch the first half of this
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00016-00003468-00003635 video and you can get our honest
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00017-00003636-00003869 reactions with no spoilers intact don't
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00018-00003870-00004061 worry and if you have watched the video
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00019-00004061-00004199 you can watch the entire thing and see
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00020-00004200-00004403 how we felt on the ratings as well as
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00021-00004404-00004649 how we felt on specific parts of the
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00022-00004650-00004870 episode and I highly recommend that if
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00023-00004871-00005009 you if you haven't seen it you want to
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00024-00005010-00005141 watch it watch our first half and then
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00025-00005142-00005386 jump back in again and check us out see
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00026-00005387-00005591 if if your feelings are the same as ours
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00027-00005592-00005902 on the overall uh Concepts but I want to
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00028-00005903-00006047 get us started with a non-sport for the
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00029-00006048-00006220 review and basically I want to just get
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00030-00006221-00006491 your first impressions and I'll start
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00031-00006492-00006659 off with first essentially I thought
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00032-00006659-00006839 this was a solid episode for the most
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00033-00006840-00006970 part I thought that they gave you some
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00034-00006972-00007151 pretty good moments this was the the
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00035-00007152-00007360 time that they're out of the qz and if
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00036-00007361-00007546 obviously they're just easier out of the
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00037-00007547-00007751 city itself you're out in the wild right
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00038-00007752-00007906 essentially this is the the place where
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00039-00007908-00008183 there's no safety no security whatsoever
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00040-00008184-00008392 this is just the wild west and
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00041-00008393-00008591 essentially you need to go and just try
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00042-00008592-00008764 to survive and I think for the most part
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00043-00008765-00009053 they match the atmosphere of what the
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00044-00009054-00009227 game was right they made it feel like
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00045-00009228-00009509 yes dangerous around any corner and that
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00046-00009510-00009689 could be a pretty bad thing for anyone
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00047-00009690-00009923 and I thought that that this episode did
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00048-00009924-00010139 a good job overall with characters like
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00049-00010140-00010373 Tess uh really getting a lot of air time
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00050-00010374-00010606 here obviously with the trio test Joel
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00051-00010607-00010805 and Ellie overall did pretty well after
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00052-00010806-00011074 the dialogue was pretty good I think the
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00053-00011075-00011273 special facts of this episode really
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00054-00011274-00011428 shined in a lot of the things that
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00055-00011429-00011603 they're looking to do and I thought that
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00056-00011604-00011819 it was overall a pretty pretty great
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00057-00011820-00012028 episode and this is not a sport further
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00058-00012029-00012185 but I'm sure if you've seen the preview
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00059-00012186-00012424 you saw the clickers right the clickers
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00060-00012425-00012659 looked fantastic they look legit if you
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00061-00012660-00012869 played the game you're just like that's
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00062-00012869-00013127 horrifying to see in real time and
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00063-00013128-00013301 obviously the fact is like the you know
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00064-00013302-00013522 the voice actors were the same from the
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00065-00013523-00013721 game so it kind of brought back those
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00066-00013722-00013930 memories of the the voices that I heard
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00067-00013931-00014086 when playing that I thought that they
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00068-00014087-00014303 had a pretty solid ending as well but I
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00069-00014304-00014494 want to get your guys Impressions uh I
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00070-00014495-00014680 want to start off with hotkey first what
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00071-00014681-00014813 was your overall Impressions that you
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00072-00014813-00014993 saw from this episode
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00073-00014994-00015244 yeah so I thought it was a good episode
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00074-00015245-00015353 um could have been better we'll we'll
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00075-00015354-00015557 get into that a little later but
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00076-00015558-00015694 um I thought it was a good episode I
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00077-00015695-00015929 thought the visuals uh of the overgrown
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00078-00015930-00016247 City Once outside the qz I thought the
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00079-00016247-00016439 uh look and the sound of the clickers
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00080-00016440-00016619 was very good as well
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00081-00016620-00016900 um so both that and the and all three
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00082-00016901-00017141 actors and or the Joel and the two
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00083-00017142-00017375 actresses test uh and Ellie
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00084-00017376-00017669 um so far I've done a great job so I
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00085-00017670-00017836 wanted to definitely highlight that and
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00086-00017837-00018161 one of my favorite uh people right now
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00087-00018162-00018371 is Ellie I think she's a smart ass which
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00088-00018372-00018544 I guess she was in the video game and I
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00089-00018545-00018803 think it is very very funny so overall
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00090-00018804-00019019 uh it was a it definitely was a good
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00091-00019020-00019133 episode
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00092-00019134-00019283 um could have left some things out but
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00093-00019284-00019541 I'm gonna give it two thumbs up yeah so
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00094-00019542-00019744 Angelica would you feel like your first
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00095-00019745-00019943 impressions were of this episode yeah
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00096-00019944-00020213 try not to go into spoilers but I
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00097-00020214-00020363 actually like this episode more than I
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00098-00020364-00020530 like the first one um and we'll go into
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00099-00020531-00020794 kind of the specifics why but the
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00100-00020795-00020944 dialogue between the characters like
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00101-00020945-00021203 hockey said is really I think the best
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00102-00021204-00021472 part right now that we're seeing and you
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00103-00021473-00021622 know you mentioned we saw some a new
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00104-00021623-00021755 infected
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00105-00021756-00021935 um if you haven't you know clickers are
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00106-00021936-00022193 are introduced which is a really really
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00107-00022194-00022475 strong scene with them
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00108-00022476-00022691 um and again I just like the the the
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00109-00022692-00022949 scenery I think the people who whether
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00110-00022950-00023153 it is uh green screening and kind of a
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00111-00023154-00023353 mix of actual rooms and green screening
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00112-00023354-00023597 they've made the environment look really
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00113-00023598-00023861 really strong and the show has done a
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00114-00023862-00023950 really good job in the first two
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00115-00023951-00024161 episodes especially this one in creating
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00116-00024162-00024269 tension
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00117-00024270-00024485 um and that's what you kind of need in
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00118-00024486-00024653 in the last of us and they do a really
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00119-00024654-00024850 good job of doing that and I think you
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00120-00024851-00024977 got a mix of a lot of different things
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00121-00024978-00025150 there were some things that they changed
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00122-00025151-00025330 which I know we'll get into in the
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00123-00025331-00025499 spoiler stuff that is different from the
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00124-00025500-00025661 game which I don't think is a bad thing
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00125-00025662-00025877 because guys who have played the game
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00126-00025877-00026111 like like Mars man and you know myself
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00127-00026112-00026368 who are very familiar with the game it
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00128-00026369-00026531 brings a little something new so you
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00129-00026532-00026789 don't know every detail that's about to
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00130-00026789-00026974 happen so you know it kind of gives new
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00131-00026975-00027112 people people something to look forward
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00132-00027113-00027329 to and Veterans will look forward to so
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00133-00027330-00027640 I I was impressed yeah I mean the key
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00134-00027641-00027893 thing is that you look at this episode a
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00135-00027894-00028073 lot of people were you'll get like
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00136-00028074-00028283 varying kind of like feelings that they
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00137-00028283-00028462 had toward it but that's why I want us
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00138-00028463-00028631 to transition to our ratings and what we
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00139-00028632-00028864 feel and like I'll jump back right to
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00140-00028866-00029062 you first where would you give this
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00141-00029063-00029267 episode like what what rating would you
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00142-00029268-00029531 give it yeah so uh last week on episode
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00143-00029532-00029723 one you guys go back I gave it a nine
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00144-00029724-00029981 and I'm gonna give this one a 9.2 I
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00145-00029982-00030185 think it's better than the last episode
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00146-00030186-00030437 not as craziness obviously with the
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00147-00030438-00030568 first scene but I thought the pacing was
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00148-00030569-00030796 really good in this episode and the
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00149-00030797-00031001 characters are really good and I thought
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00150-00031002-00031223 a real hero of episode one was Sarah the
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00151-00031224-00031324 daughter
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00152-00031325-00031552 um and I think you know Tess and Ellie
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00153-00031554-00031870 really are good in this episode and uh
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00154-00031872-00032014 so those two
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00155-00032016-00032158 um there are some things that again were
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00156-00032160-00032351 a little bit we'll talk cringe-worthy I
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00157-00032352-00032512 would is is probably the best word to
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00158-00032513-00032681 describe it and it probably would be
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00159-00032682-00032902 higher I would probably added a 9.5 but
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00160-00032903-00033095 some of the kind of dumb aspects and
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00161-00033096-00033299 cringe-worthy aspects lower to a 9.2 for
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00162-00033300-00033479 me but a really good strong start
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00163-00033480-00033599 usually the second episode you're
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00164-00033600-00033773 worried after a strong first one that is
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00165-00033774-00033965 going to like dip down
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00166-00033966-00034102 um but to me I actually like this one
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00167-00034103-00034337 also the we'll talk about spoilers some
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00168-00034338-00034552 of the scenes were really good yeah so
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00169-00034553-00034745 uh haki what's your what's your rating
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00170-00034746-00034840 here man
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00171-00034841-00035129 yeah so I I almost dipped it into the
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00172-00035130-00035429 high 90s uh excuse me the high 80s but
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00173-00035430-00035651 uh me and Angelica are pretty much
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00174-00035652-00035831 flipped last week I gave the first
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00175-00035832-00036118 episode of 92 this one I'm gonna give a
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00176-00036119-00036377 90. it definitely did deserve to get up
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00177-00036378-00036677 into that high value rank but again some
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00178-00036678-00036868 of the things definitely did not need to
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00179-00036869-00036952 be
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00180-00036953-00037211 um in the show and really just for me
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00181-00037212-00037337 one thing really didn't need to be in
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00182-00037338-00037481 the show it definitely would have gotten
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00183-00037482-00037637 possibly higher than the first episode
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00184-00037638-00037918 but that one thing did uh drag it down a
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00185-00037919-00038117 little bit uh but yeah that's my reading
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00186-00038118-00038357 it's definitely still a good show and a
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00187-00038358-00038495 good continuation
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00188-00038496-00038759 yeah so so Angelica you gave it a nine
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00189-00038760-00039071 point what was it 9.2 yeah last we got
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00190-00039072-00039280 it at the first episode of nine so how
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00191-00039281-00039551 can you gave yours a nine one this
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00192-00039552-00039730 week's a nine last week was a nine two
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00193-00039731-00040109 okay so maybe maybe on the Debbie Downer
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00194-00040110-00040439 right so I'm looking at this episode I
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00195-00040440-00040607 thought it was a good episode I don't
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00196-00040608-00040768 think it was as good as the last one
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00197-00040769-00040979 because I felt like there were some
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00198-00040980-00041099 things that they could have added in
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00199-00041100-00041333 this to make it more full I thought they
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00200-00041334-00041512 could have adjusted the episode in
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00201-00041513-00041711 certain ways to make it I think run
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00202-00041712-00041909 smoother in my opinion I thought they
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00203-00041910-00042052 didn't add as much of the soundtrack
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00204-00042053-00042287 which I would like to see because if you
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00205-00042288-00042545 played the granted I'm a gamer I played
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00206-00042546-00042724 the game and I'm making that comparison
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00207-00042725-00042911 to the game they use the soundtrack a
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00208-00042912-00043073 lot more whether it's the ominous parts
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00209-00043074-00043252 or whether it's the you know the the
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00210-00043253-00043529 cool the cool soundtrack that last
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00211-00043530-00043739 message is well known for well whatever
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00212-00043740-00043967 it may be I just felt like they really
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00213-00043968-00044146 didn't utilize it that much in this in
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00214-00044147-00044411 this in the show so far and for that
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00215-00044412-00044662 reason I'm gonna give this an 8.5 I
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00216-00044663-00044837 think that I was kind of drifting along
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00217-00044838-00044987 in that I was I gave you last week gave
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00218-00044988-00045274 it 8.8 so 8.5 for me for this episode
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00219-00045275-00045545 for for a few reasons and I'll get more
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00220-00045546-00045796 specific later on in the in the video
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00221-00045797-00046085 but I feel like they kind of did make
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00222-00046086-00046324 you feel as if there was it was as much
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00223-00046325-00046655 of a takeover from this fungus compared
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00224-00046656-00046901 to what I've seen before in other zombie
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00225-00046902-00047158 flicks or the game itself like for
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00226-00047159-00047387 instance you know you you don't really
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00227-00047388-00047633 see as many again you see one part where
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00228-00047634-00047939 you see a lot right but you don't really
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00229-00047940-00048124 see that altercation other than just the
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00230-00048125-00048268 clicker moment right and that's that's
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00231-00048269-00048479 that's kind of part of my critique of
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00232-00048480-00048730 this where in the game you get you're
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00233-00048731-00048868 getting that more often you're getting
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00234-00048869-00049085 that constantly where you're you're
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00235-00049086-00049301 always looking over your shoulder or to
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00236-00049302-00049493 the side to see all right are there any
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00237-00049494-00049774 any runners around is anyone around here
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00238-00049775-00049967 and that's something I didn't really see
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00239-00049968-00050123 much of and I'm a little disappointed in
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00240-00050124-00050255 that but I thought it was still a good
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00241-00050256-00050465 episode and we'll get into more of the
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00242-00050466-00050680 in the spoiler section but I feel like
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00243-00050681-00050861 overall it was just not as good I
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00244-00050862-00051023 thought it was still solid it was still
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00245-00051024-00051179 a good episode just not as good as the
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00246-00051180-00051358 first one I think the first one landed a
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00247-00051359-00051520 lot more of these senses compared to
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00248-00051521-00051701 this one did um and I thought that they
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00249-00051702-00051904 added actually some more music in the
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00250-00051905-00052042 first episode there are some parts that
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00251-00052044-00052235 could have added music but overall it
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00252-00052236-00052392 was still a good episode for me
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00253-00052394-00052703 definitely one of the better adaptations
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00254-00052704-00053009 I've seen of any game so far so it's a
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00255-00053010-00053182 good start right you just want to see
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00256-00053183-00053357 them continue with that process going
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00257-00053358-00053554 forward but that's going to be it for
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00258-00053555-00053903 our non our non-spoiler rating section
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00259-00053904-00054161 and obviously if if you you know if you
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00260-00054162-00054329 have not watched it I would go watch the
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00261-00054329-00054550 episode and then you should come back
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00262-00054551-00054730 and take a look at our spoiler section
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00263-00054732-00054899 where we're going to going to basically
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00264-00054900-00055079 discuss our feelings about different
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00265-00055079-00055253 parts of the episode and obviously if
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00266-00055254-00055379 you haven't done so yet hit that Thumbs
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00267-00055379-00055547 Up And subscribe for more future content
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00268-00055548-00055744 and let us know what you what you think
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00269-00055745-00055925 in the comments below about what rating
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00270-00055926-00056207 would you give this episode but we're
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00271-00056208-00056441 gonna jump now to the spoiler discussion
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00272-00056441-00056621 so let's let's head there now well guys
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00273-00056622-00056813 spoiler section here and uh you know I
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00274-00056814-00057053 thought this was a very very interesting
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00275-00057054-00057221 episode I thought there was a lot of
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00276-00057222-00057425 cool components of it that they added
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00277-00057426-00057616 from bear the last one because you have
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00278-00057617-00057766 two completely different situations you
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00279-00057767-00058007 have one where you're only being stuck
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00280-00058008-00058199 within the qz right you're being stuck
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00281-00058200-00058535 within the the outskirts Town itself
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00282-00058536-00058691 that's that's quarantined so you're not
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00283-00058691-00058859 gonna get as much as you would want
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00284-00058860-00059111 especially in a a show that's based on
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00285-00059112-00059273 like zombies or whatever you want to
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00286-00059274-00059471 call them fungi at this point
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00287-00059472-00059711 um but they did add a lot of interesting
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00288-00059712-00060053 changes to the story and I thought some
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00289-00060054-00060166 of the additions they made were
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00290-00060167-00060419 interesting while some being very
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00291-00060420-00060635 questionable but I do want to talk about
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00292-00060636-00060844 some of the components that happen here
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00293-00060845-00060994 and then get you guys overall thoughts
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00294-00060995-00061180 about what you've seen so basically one
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00295-00061182-00061342 of the newest additions they did was in
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00296-00061344-00061475 the start of the episode it feels like
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00297-00061476-00061709 every single start so far they've always
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00298-00061710-00061979 either brought going back at the time to
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00299-00061979-00062213 explain some more details about the
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00300-00062214-00062435 fungi in this case it was actually the
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00301-00062436-00062837 the back in 2003 where they they go to
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00302-00062838-00063023 Indonesia they show a lead scientist
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00303-00063024-00063221 that is first analyzing when this fungus
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00304-00063222-00063473 had had gotten out essentially and
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00305-00063474-00063700 basically it shows how how screwed
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00306-00063701-00063971 everyone is because she realizes like
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00307-00063972-00064138 the only way you could stop this thing
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00308-00064139-00064342 is just by buying bombing the crap out
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00309-00064344-00064547 of everybody right and it was kind of a
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00310-00064548-00064685 powerful scene because she's like I just
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00311-00064686-00064816 want to go home and see my family like I
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00312-00064817-00065135 I she's she's really afraid after
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00313-00065136-00065291 everything she saw which was a pretty
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00314-00065291-00065603 gripping scene and uh obviously right
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00315-00065604-00065837 from there you go right to the right to
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00316-00065838-00066041 where Joel Tess and Ellie are outside
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00317-00066042-00066203 the you know the qz and they're trying
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00318-00066204-00066419 to go to their way to obviously meet up
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00319-00066420-00066647 with the fireflies to get La transported
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00320-00066648-00066797 and essentially you're going through the
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00321-00066798-00066976 the city itself you see how battered it
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00322-00066977-00067169 is they try to explain why it was
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00323-00067170-00067282 essentially like almost like a war
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00324-00067283-00067481 trying to stop the spread of this fungus
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00325-00067482-00067703 from going more to more places
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00326-00067704-00067871 and I think the cool thing was is that
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00327-00067872-00068117 when you're looking at this this part of
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00328-00068118-00068321 the episode it was mirroring to what we
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00329-00068322-00068453 saw with the game the game was almost
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00330-00068454-00068644 identical and a lot of the facets
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00331-00068645-00068843 there's parts of that that map that look
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00332-00068844-00069029 like just like the game and I can like
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00333-00069030-00069185 pinpoint where they're going and I was
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00334-00069186-00069388 like yeah this part sucks I would I
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00335-00069389-00069521 remember watching this yesterday with
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00336-00069522-00069719 with Angela kill and my dad and I was
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00337-00069720-00069887 like yeah this part sucks I remember
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00338-00069888-00070049 this part in the game uh it was pretty
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00339-00070050-00070247 horrible I thought when they get to the
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00340-00070248-00070385 hotel it was actually really it was
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00341-00070386-00070529 nearly identical so I was like yeah this
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00342-00070530-00070732 level is pretty pretty trash like as in
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00343-00070733-00070997 trash is really difficult to manage and
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00344-00070998-00071273 the only thing I'm like I'm a little
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00345-00071274-00071500 like leery about with this part of this
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00346-00071501-00071806 first half was they changed uh like I
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00347-00071807-00071987 guess the feeling of you're not really
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00348-00071988-00072250 combating as many zombies as you or
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00349-00072251-00072437 Runners as you normally would like and I
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00350-00072438-00072593 get it in the game you're trying to have
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00351-00072594-00072749 people do more right that's kind of the
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00352-00072750-00072988 point of the game right but the but I'm
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00353-00072989-00073385 a little like I I do want to see more of
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00354-00073386-00073541 those interactions like one of the most
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00355-00073542-00073787 intriguing parts of Last of Us
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00356-00073788-00073949 is the fact that you have to always
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00357-00073950-00074182 sneak around people and everything and
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00358-00074183-00074399 it feels like they didn't really have
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00359-00074400-00074687 that right as a component of the show it
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00360-00074688-00074825 was kind of like scene with the clicker
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00361-00074826-00075059 which we're about to talk about but that
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00362-00075060-00075293 that part was not really seen as much
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00363-00075294-00075479 like yeah you know clickers are pretty
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00364-00075480-00075653 messed up as you can tell by the show
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00365-00075654-00075863 extremely strong dangerous they can kill
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00366-00075864-00076031 you in an instant especially in the game
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00367-00076032-00076247 but Runners are also dangerous but they
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00368-00076248-00076403 didn't really show the interactions as
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00369-00076404-00076697 much as I would want but I thought they
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00370-00076698-00076919 they added another twist where they have
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00371-00076920-00077069 it where the fungus is all connected
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00372-00077070-00077206 like it's in the minds of everybody
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00373-00077207-00077429 where it's almost like that hive mind
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00374-00077430-00077638 moment where if you step on a piece of
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00375-00077639-00077855 that out of that fungus it could then
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00376-00077856-00078100 telepathically tell everybody else that
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00377-00078101-00078341 is controlled to hey go to this location
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00378-00078342-00078550 and take care of these people so they
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00379-00078551-00078676 added that component because that wasn't
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00380-00078677-00078953 in the game either and obviously that
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00381-00078954-00079175 the thing is is that they they they kind
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00382-00079176-00079319 of changed up some of that part which I
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00383-00079320-00079576 get which is not not a bad idea I just
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00384-00079577-00079691 felt like
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00385-00079692-00079943 having some of those zombies or Runners
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00386-00079944-00080194 be in part of that like the hotel
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00387-00080195-00080417 section and and all that like it was
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00388-00080418-00080591 like once you're in the hotel they just
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00389-00080592-00080759 they just skipped right to the part
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00390-00080760-00080861 where you're like all right we gotta
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00391-00080862-00081029 climb up the stairs like for 10 floors
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00392-00081030-00081238 and like in the game like you're doing a
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00393-00081239-00081449 lot of stuff to that point I get it you
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00394-00081450-00081605 have a certain amount of time you gotta
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00395-00081606-00081785 do things but like you could have like
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00396-00081786-00082085 maybe you know taken some time to show
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00397-00082086-00082337 some interactions and being like you
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00398-00082338-00082511 know just some of that stuff but I want
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00399-00082512-00082643 to get your guys opinion at least in the
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00400-00082644-00082805 first half because that's where I would
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00401-00082806-00082937 kind of cut off once I get to the hotel
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00402-00082938-00083188 and they see the crap load of zombies
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00403-00083189-00083381 chilling on Main Street
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00404-00083382-00083609 um so Angelica I'll let you go first and
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00405-00083610-00083776 then hockey what did you feel like in
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00406-00083777-00083932 those first half what were the things
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00407-00083933-00084125 you liked in this life
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00408-00084126-00084287 um well I do like to be intros of both
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00409-00084288-00084467 episodes so far it feels like I don't
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00410-00084468-00084647 know who comes up came up with these but
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00411-00084648-00084941 it does definitely feels Chernobyl like
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00412-00084942-00085049 um when it came to the first episode
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00413-00085050-00085235 which was the scientists talking in the
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00414-00085236-00085505 second where it's the um scientist
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00415-00085506-00085732 evaluating a human that kind of infected
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00416-00085733-00085888 and killed
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00417-00085889-00086087 um so I actually really like the intros
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00418-00086088-00086261 I think they really set a strong mood
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00419-00086262-00086471 each time when we start these episodes
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00420-00086472-00086788 so that was really great I do kind of
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00421-00086789-00086969 understand what you're saying but I am
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00422-00086970-00087125 going to kind of counter with the fact
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00423-00087126-00087371 that you're gonna get more of that in a
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00424-00087372-00087562 video game than in a TV show because
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00425-00087563-00087785 time restrictions and stuff like that
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00426-00087786-00087935 and in the video game like you mentioned
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00427-00087936-00088205 you got to do more things right so like
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00428-00088206-00088343 you don't that's the difference between
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00429-00088344-00088487 the video game and the show is you're
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00430-00088488-00088661 doing it and they want to keep you
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00431-00088662-00088876 entertained that way versus the show is
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00432-00088877-00089062 kind of like hinting like that's going
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00433-00089063-00089255 on but I I do kind of get what you're
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00434-00089256-00089500 saying about having more interactions I
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00435-00089501-00089687 do like the fungus linking thing which
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00436-00089688-00089891 is new and it's actually real I mean
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00437-00089892-00090076 fungus actually do that in real life so
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00438-00090077-00090323 they're trying to bring some realism to
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00439-00090324-00090425 that
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00440-00090426-00090562 um obviously they don't control human
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00441-00090563-00090700 minds but they have those web
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00442-00090701-00090941 Connections in real life from what I
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00443-00090942-00091109 understand and so I do like bringing
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00444-00091110-00091355 some of the realism of fungus Behavior
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00445-00091356-00091612 into these kind of things especially
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00446-00091613-00091853 with the fibers and stuff like that
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00447-00091854-00092062 um but again I think the real home run
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00448-00092063-00092176 taken away from some of those
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00449-00092177-00092393 interactions you said is the dialogue I
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00450-00092394-00092603 think the dialogue between uh Bella
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00451-00092604-00092909 Ramsey and with Tess and Joel is really
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00452-00092910-00093131 really strong and I know Bella Ramsey a
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00453-00093132-00093221 lot of people complaining that she
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00454-00093222-00093461 doesn't look like Ellie but boy she is
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00455-00093462-00093700 doing a really strong job as acting like
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00456-00093701-00093893 Ellie and I do think you have to give
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00457-00093894-00094132 her a lot of credit yeah I mean listen I
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00458-00094133-00094318 I don't I'm not one of those people that
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00459-00094319-00094511 has to be like you have to be identical
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00460-00094512-00094726 to everything that the game has or else
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00461-00094727-00094900 it's just trash like I'm not one of
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00462-00094901-00095056 those people like I think one of the
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00463-00095057-00095303 aspects that I was big on was as long as
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00464-00095304-00095512 the actors good right they do the
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00465-00095513-00095855 character right then I don't care who
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00466-00095856-00096125 you are right like Sarah like Sarah yeah
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00467-00096126-00096455 you know Joel you know is not like he's
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00468-00096456-00096623 not identical to Joel he looks similar
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00469-00096624-00096850 but not identical Sarah looks nothing
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00470-00096851-00097043 like Sarah in the game but she did a
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00471-00097044-00097271 great job I'm happy with it right I'm
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00472-00097272-00097571 happy with how she depicted Sarah right
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00473-00097572-00097817 it's what I like to see right that's the
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00474-00097818-00098068 point like you know having that stuff is
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00475-00098069-00098249 fine I do agree with you but hockey
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00476-00098250-00098459 what'd you feel about this first half
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00477-00098460-00098609 yeah so I'm definitely in agreement with
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00478-00098610-00098879 both of you about the intros to the show
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00479-00098880-00099035 um they are very very good so whoever
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00480-00099036-00099191 came up with the intros or at least the
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00481-00099192-00099455 ideas to the intros uh kudos to them
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00482-00099456-00099749 seeing that scientist uh you know seeing
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00483-00099750-00100000 her reaction uh to what she pulled out
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00484-00100001-00100324 of that uh you know dead human uh you
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00485-00100325-00100576 know human's mouth was pretty crazy
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00486-00100577-00100871 um and then yeah you skipped to the
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00487-00100872-00101081 interaction with Joel and Ellie like the
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00488-00101082-00101243 first one right after that scene and you
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00489-00101244-00101512 can just see how untrusting Joel is
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00490-00101513-00101765 Ellie and you can kind of see how Tess
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00491-00101766-00101981 is like given trying to give her a
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00492-00101982-00102238 little bit of a chance you know so
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00493-00102239-00102311 um
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00494-00102312-00102634 and yes I would have liked to see
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00495-00102635-00102910 um zombies either on the highway or you
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00496-00102911-00103139 know in in the hotel I do get it but I
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00497-00103140-00103301 understand just like when Angelica had
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00498-00103302-00103523 said you know the time frame and a few
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00499-00103524-00103678 other things that goes into actually
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00500-00103679-00103840 making it a show
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00501-00103841-00104068 um but again that dialogue when they're
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00502-00104069-00104332 in the hotel up the stairs between Joel
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00503-00104333-00104603 and Ellie too you know you can kind of
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00504-00104604-00104927 see Joel opening up a little bit but not
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00505-00104928-00105143 a lot uh yeah if they didn't have strong
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00506-00105144-00105310 dialogue I think it would bring up that
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00507-00105311-00105545 problem that Mars man has even more if
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00508-00105546-00105677 they didn't have strong dialogue yeah
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00509-00105678-00105995 okay so that style really does no yeah
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00510-00105996-00106265 well listen I agree with you guys that
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00511-00106266-00106493 dialogue's great I just feel like as a
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00512-00106494-00106654 dude that played through the game I was
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00513-00106655-00106852 like yo that level this level sucks ass
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00514-00106853-00107110 knowing how difficult it was and that's
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00515-00107111-00107321 why it only made you feel like
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00516-00107322-00107519 it's like last of us if you haven't
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00517-00107520-00107681 played last once before whether it's the
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00518-00107682-00107975 first or second one last of us is like a
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00519-00107976-00108083 I'm trying to think of the best way it's
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00520-00108083-00108286 like a relationship like a cycle like
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00521-00108288-00108449 every time you go through a mission in
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00522-00108450-00108725 that game it's a we gotta get to this
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00523-00108726-00108910 point we have to get to the top of the
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00524-00108911-00109175 hotel all right in your pathway to the
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00525-00109176-00109408 hotel it's a bunch of zombies trash you
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00526-00109409-00109540 have to deal with to get to the point
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00527-00109541-00109786 they infected or the The Last of Us lore
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00528-00109788-00109907 people are gonna hate on you they're
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00529-00109908-00110093 infected not bad I keep saying they're
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00530-00110094-00110357 infected fine they're infected so a
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00531-00110358-00110519 bunch of infected are in this damn
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00532-00110520-00110747 building to get to the place right that
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00533-00110748-00111028 you have to get to and it makes you feel
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00534-00111029-00111233 so much more accomplished to get to the
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00535-00111233-00111436 top and all of a sudden just like Last
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00536-00111438-00111623 of Us fashion they find a way to just
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00537-00111624-00111910 like oh well that sucks we can't go that
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00538-00111911-00112115 way that's what the whole point of like
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00539-00112116-00112366 that like I'm saying because you know
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00540-00112367-00112636 that I remember feeling when I finally
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00541-00112638-00112883 got to the top of the damn Hotel I was
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00542-00112883-00113069 like that was that was a great that
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00543-00113070-00113278 shocked ass to get up there and then
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00544-00113279-00113399 finally getting up there and then
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00545-00113400-00113590 they're like well we can't go down Main
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00546-00113591-00113797 Street because there's a crap
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00547-00113798-00114028 infected over there we can't walk over
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00548-00114029-00114173 there and you're like I literally went
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00549-00114174-00114383 through the top of this hotel so we can
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00550-00114383-00114527 try to get to that place and we can't
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00551-00114528-00114689 anymore it was kind of like that it's
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00552-00114690-00115025 like that that constant it's never the
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00553-00115026-00115252 best thing going for you like that's the
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00554-00115253-00115547 last of us always done right yeah you
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00555-00115548-00115721 fight like just and we'll get to the
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00556-00115722-00115925 second half just to prove my point
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00557-00115926-00116086 finally getting started we gotta get to
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00558-00116088-00116315 the museum which is in the game even
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00559-00116316-00116578 more of a difficult attempt to get
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00560-00116579-00116813 through and I feel like fine if we were
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00561-00116814-00116945 gonna get a lot of the hotel because a
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00562-00116946-00117197 lot of the that hotel level was water
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00563-00117198-00117419 right it was a lot of water and puzzles
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00564-00117420-00117628 so like yeah whatever wanna we can skip
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00565-00117629-00117827 just get to the top that's fine I
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00566-00117828-00118025 thought when we when you saw Ellie Joel
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00567-00118026-00118240 and Tess go to the museum you're gonna
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00568-00118241-00118534 see a crap ton of infected right a crap
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00569-00118535-00118793 I thought this is going to be annoying
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00570-00118794-00119104 as hell and show you the intensity that
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00571-00119105-00119423 this this story is right now they did
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00572-00119424-00119602 they showed a really great scene of the
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00573-00119603-00119854 clickers which is a pivotal scene when
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00574-00119855-00120023 you watch and you play the game you
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00575-00120024-00120227 watch the show it wasn't really cool
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00576-00120228-00120454 they did a great job of this part the
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00577-00120455-00120695 voice acting was great the the the the
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00578-00120696-00121025 special effects were fantastic they
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00579-00121026-00121175 found people who were fans of the game
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00580-00121176-00121390 that just acted out clickers which is
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00581-00121391-00121613 great because might as well get fans who
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00582-00121614-00121769 know what the heck they're doing right
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00583-00121770-00121913 so they did all that stuff which was
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00584-00121914-00122213 fantastic then we find out that after
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00585-00122214-00122410 that altercation you know obviously you
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00586-00122411-00122584 know that you know clickers are a piece
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00587-00122585-00122699 of trash because they're annoying as
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00588-00122700-00122945 hell to deal with they finally kill them
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00589-00122946-00123131 and find out right once they get to
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00590-00123132-00123389 where the meeting point of where the
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00591-00123390-00123569 fireflies you know Soldier is supposed
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00592-00123570-00123760 to be they're all dead now this was
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00593-00123761-00123916 slightly different the way they adjusted
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00594-00123917-00124078 this it was supposed to be Federal
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00595-00124079-00124384 soldiers that had killed them and and so
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00596-00124385-00124510 essentially because they're looking for
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00597-00124511-00124702 people who escaped right they found
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00598-00124703-00124877 fireflies that killed them and so they
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00599-00124878-00125093 said oh it was the they were affected
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00600-00125094-00125315 and they killed each other and all that
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00601-00125316-00125440 stuff and then when they killed that
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00602-00125441-00125765 random infected his his hand was on the
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00603-00125766-00125975 you know on the fungus which now added
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00604-00125976-00126190 to the story makes it so that every
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00605-00126191-00126401 other infected knows where they are and
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00606-00126402-00126610 now they're hauling ass to that location
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00607-00126611-00126875 now the only reason that like this is
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00608-00126876-00126958 like a little different is because
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00609-00126959-00127097 Federer was supposed to be the group
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00610-00127098-00127319 that was attacking you and just like in
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00611-00127320-00127523 the game Tess reveals that she is
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00612-00127524-00127739 obviously infected she doesn't have much
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00613-00127740-00127990 time left and now she uses this as a
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00614-00127991-00128123 kind of like a feeling of redemption
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00615-00128124-00128333 right because I was a Joel and Tess I've
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00616-00128333-00128501 done a lot of messed up things and their
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00617-00128502-00128704 time as being Smugglers right so she
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00618-00128705-00128902 feels as if this is the Redemption for
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00619-00128903-00129208 them to at least get some some at peace
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00620-00129209-00129358 with themselves and tells Joel you need
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00621-00129359-00129527 to go save her and you save as many
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00622-00129528-00129701 people as you can and that might give
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00623-00129702-00129928 you the Redemption you want as well as
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00624-00129929-00130133 give her the Redemption knowing that hey
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00625-00130133-00130384 I at least I I try to do something to
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00626-00130385-00130702 save people and so she's setting herself
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00627-00130703-00130933 up to get killed right she's she's she's
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00628-00130933-00131183 basically saying hey I'm going out with
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00629-00131184-00131387 the with the ship and uh and so she
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00630-00131388-00131657 starts setting everything up to explode
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00631-00131658-00131866 and obviously all the infected start
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00632-00131867-00132016 hauling ass in the building right and
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00633-00132017-00132202 this is where the best the best part of
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00634-00132203-00132437 this episode comes in where you know
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00635-00132438-00132671 just like the games you don't really see
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00636-00132672-00132814 the games you don't see what happens
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00637-00132815-00133066 right and granted it was Federal Soldier
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00638-00133067-00133271 chasing after him so you're expecting
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00639-00133272-00133463 tests it's just going out blazing right
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00640-00133464-00133745 that's and that's how it ends and this
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00641-00133746-00133985 one you see how what happens with tests
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00642-00133986-00134183 and so all the all the infected are
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00643-00134184-00134345 running pastor but then all of a sudden
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00644-00134346-00134614 one infected stops and looks at test
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00645-00134615-00134914 slowly but surely walks over to her and
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00646-00134915-00135101 starts trying to funnel in the the
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00647-00135102-00135431 pincers into her mouth right to infect
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00648-00135432-00135647 her faster and she can't light the thing
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00649-00135648-00135797 and all of a sudden now it goes into her
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00650-00135798-00135983 mouth and then just in time as she's
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00651-00135984-00136223 about to go it drops and then and
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00652-00136224-00136433 everything blows up and the cool part
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00653-00136434-00136649 was that you know the song The Last of
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00654-00136650-00136847 Us tune played just like they did with
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00655-00136848-00136997 the game because it shows you how messed
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00656-00136998-00137164 up life is in this game how it just
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00657-00137165-00137423 everything just go up in place right and
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00658-00137424-00137525 then that's it that's how the episode
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00659-00137526-00137825 ends but overall the last part is where
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00660-00137826-00137975 everyone would and even this is all
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00661-00137976-00138166 online only everyone's bugging out
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00662-00138167-00138401 because obviously we didn't know what
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00663-00138402-00138569 happened to test in the game I highly
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00664-00138570-00138731 doubt a Federal Officer started tongue
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00665-00138732-00138977 kissing and then she killed everyone
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00666-00138978-00139187 um but I thought I was weirded out by
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00667-00139188-00139409 this part now I looked at this and I was
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00668-00139410-00139601 like okay I get what they're trying to
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00669-00139602-00139787 do they're trying to get her to like go
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00670-00139788-00139931 out blazing
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00671-00139932-00140225 but to have her like say all right in
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00672-00140226-00140440 fact they'd want to infect her fast but
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00673-00140441-00140627 let me just just tongue kiss her and
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00674-00140628-00140783 then I'll get all the pincers in her
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00675-00140784-00140921 mouth because it transfers through
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00676-00140922-00141095 saliva I was like you know you could
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00677-00141096-00141245 have done that in so many other ways
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00678-00141246-00141413 that could have just made more sense or
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00679-00141414-00141616 at least been that awkward right it was
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00680-00141617-00141737 a little awkward I felt like I was
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00681-00141738-00141887 surprised I thought when he turned at
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00682-00141888-00141989 her I was like all right he's just gonna
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00683-00141990-00142151 start just eating her right or something
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00684-00142152-00142433 or just clawing her up and then she was
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00685-00142434-00142781 gonna just drop it and die right but she
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00686-00142782-00142973 slowly but surely walks toward her like
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00687-00142974-00143159 he's he finds her attractive or
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00688-00143160-00143297 something and just starts kissing her
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00689-00143298-00143543 right I was just like you could have had
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00690-00143544-00143723 a grenade in her hand and like you know
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00691-00143724-00144016 what Ching I'm like I'm I'm going dog
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00692-00144017-00144245 and then just just boom and everything
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00693-00144246-00144395 just explodes and you could have gotten
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00694-00144396-00144743 the same result versus having it be the
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00695-00144744-00144943 way that was which I was a little like
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00696-00144944-00145223 why like why would you do that like and
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00697-00145224-00145457 maybe it's artistic maybe it's like hey
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00698-00145458-00145666 you know the zombies the kiss of death
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00699-00145667-00145877 the kiss of Fate whatever whatever BS
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00700-00145878-00146063 you want to tell me it was a little
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00701-00146064-00146364 weird all right it was a little weird so
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00702-00146365-00146687 hockey's been shaking over there would
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00703-00146688-00146831 you what'd you feel about the second if
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00704-00146832-00146921 I know you want to talk about the
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00705-00146922-00147154 background they got seen here so go
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00706-00147155-00147364 ahead hockey what what did you feel
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00707-00147365-00147581 yeah listen so the the second part I
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00708-00147582-00147809 think was this part up until that point
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00709-00147810-00148235 because you got to see the clickers the
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00710-00148236-00148469 museum scene was crazy I thought the
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00711-00148470-00148643 sounds that the Clickers made now again
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00712-00148644-00148781 uh for everyone that doesn't know I
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00713-00148782-00148973 never played the game right so I didn't
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00714-00148974-00149189 know what clickers were
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00715-00149190-00149339 um you know for the people that did play
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00716-00149340-00149531 the game you I know you guys were hyped
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00717-00149532-00149716 because you know it was probably exactly
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00718-00149717-00149861 like the game and it gave you the same
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00719-00149862-00150089 feeling that the the game did so for
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00720-00150090-00150239 someone who didn't play the game I mean
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00721-00150240-00150466 the the sound and the look of the
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00722-00150467-00150683 clickers was crazy
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00723-00150684-00150916 um they even you know after the credits
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00724-00150917-00151163 they began to talk a little bit about
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00725-00151164-00151331 how much time and effort they put into
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00726-00151332-00151583 the art of the clickers which was like
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00727-00151584-00151799 crazy you know they had so many drawings
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00728-00151800-00151990 and sculptures of these things and they
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00729-00151991-00152254 looked insane so I think that museum
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00730-00152255-00152549 scene is probably my favorite scene so
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00731-00152550-00152795 far of the entire show
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00732-00152796-00152861 um
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00733-00152862-00153011 but then you know they can get to the
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00734-00153012-00153166 the meeting point you know everyone's
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00735-00153167-00153340 dead like everything up to that point
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00736-00153341-00153635 was so fine like you know not the
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00737-00153636-00153790 military but zombies so we got to see
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00738-00153791-00154013 more zombies that's cool Joel Cap's a
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00739-00154014-00154271 zombie like marcelio said or Mars man
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00740-00154272-00154481 said his hands on the ground so it
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00741-00154482-00154709 alerts every other zombie I'm totally
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00742-00154710-00154925 fine with all that the fungi connected
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00743-00154926-00155254 all that is real cool makes sense too
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00744-00155255-00155513 but that make out scene there is no
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00745-00155514-00155704 reason you no one can tell me no one can
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00746-00155705-00155999 give me an excuse of oh you know the it
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00747-00156000-00156214 goes through saliva you didn't see the
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00748-00156215-00156401 grandma making out with with the people
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00749-00156402-00156623 on the on the ground in the kitchen she
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00750-00156624-00156851 was biting them like a infected or a
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00751-00156852-00157133 zombie there's zero reason why that
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00752-00157134-00157337 zombie should have made out with tests
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00753-00157338-00157583 it's quicker dog just like just like
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00754-00157584-00157876 herpes it's quicker dog that infected
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00755-00157877-00158087 was horny enough to make out with that
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00756-00158088-00158393 that is crazy to me that dropped the you
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00757-00158394-00158597 know that dropped the score down from a
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00758-00158598-00158957 93 to a 90 in my sense but again the
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00759-00158958-00159257 overall of the first and second act the
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00760-00159258-00159490 whole episode and whole was still I
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00761-00159491-00159737 think a success it just if that wasn't
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00762-00159738-00159959 there that weird awkwardness wasn't
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00763-00159960-00160139 there it would have been better but
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00764-00160140-00160373 again it was a very very good episode in
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00765-00160374-00160637 whole yeah so Angelica I know you're
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00766-00160638-00160804 more you're gonna you're gonna defend
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00767-00160805-00161026 the point man so what did you think of
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00768-00161027-00161189 the second half I'm not gonna defend the
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00769-00161190-00161351 scene I think the scene was the dumbest
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00770-00161352-00161602 part of the episode but it shouldn't
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00771-00161603-00161854 take away from like the museum aspect of
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00772-00161855-00162107 of this episode which is the best scene
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00773-00162108-00162376 in the whole show so far
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00774-00162377-00162539 um I mean they created a great
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00775-00162540-00162683 environment they walked in I do
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00776-00162684-00162923 understand but they they kind of
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00777-00162924-00163121 answered their way why there wasn't more
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00778-00163122-00163289 infected in there right because before
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00779-00163290-00163619 they go in he hits the fungus and it's
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00780-00163620-00163859 dried out and most of them are dead in
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00781-00163860-00164045 there when they're in there but they saw
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00782-00164046-00164369 a fresh new body and they got mauled and
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00783-00164370-00164597 they realized that this could be what it
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00784-00164598-00164795 ends up being which is clickers
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00785-00164796-00165035 um and they like like hockey said they
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00786-00165036-00165323 were so well drawn the noise even Mars
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00787-00165324-00165545 man they talk about the details were
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00788-00165546-00165826 just so strong and you know from my
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00789-00165827-00166078 recollection of of clickers the fungus
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00790-00166079-00166252 growing out of their head is hardened
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00791-00166253-00166433 right so they're kind of bullet sponge
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00792-00166434-00166631 even when you shoot them in a head once
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00793-00166632-00166804 you have to actually hit them multiple
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00794-00166805-00166990 times or shiv them in the head even
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00795-00166991-00167171 though tested acts one of them in the
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00796-00167172-00167404 head which is a pretty cool part too and
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00797-00167405-00167626 it was still going so like all that was
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00798-00167627-00167861 great now we get to the last part which
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00799-00167862-00168047 is again it was like the high and low of
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00800-00168048-00168257 the episode in the second part because
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00801-00168258-00168454 that was such a high moment to get to
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00802-00168455-00168652 the Rendezvous point and these are where
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00803-00168653-00168785 it's different right you mentioned it
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00804-00168786-00169013 was Federal officers which kind of makes
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00805-00169014-00169187 sense it kind of shows that fedra is
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00806-00169188-00169451 outside of the qz as well which they do
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00807-00169452-00169661 have to go get supplies as well and that
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00808-00169662-00169871 this fight with the fireflies goes Way
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00809-00169872-00170099 Beyond Boston which is why I like the
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00810-00170100-00170416 fedra part a little bit better than it
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00811-00170417-00170614 being infected like one of them got bit
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00812-00170615-00170776 they ended up killing off each other
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00813-00170777-00170987 which is like wait how did the one guy
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00814-00170988-00171251 get bit and they off each other you know
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00815-00171252-00171376 what I mean so like that's the one where
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00816-00171377-00171545 like okay they did it I can accept it
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00817-00171546-00171851 don't love that direction and then it
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00818-00171852-00172121 gets to kind of the stupid part Tess did
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00819-00172122-00172385 a fantastic job it was more of like the
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00820-00172386-00172613 details a little dumb because
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00821-00172614-00172901 The Horde is coming very video game-like
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00822-00172902-00173104 where it's like the hordeater right it's
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00823-00173105-00173297 an amazing they're download they're down
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00824-00173298-00173489 the road over there then they're here
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00825-00173490-00173621 right so like it's a very video
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00826-00173622-00173861 game-like on that aspect Tess knocking
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00827-00173862-00174125 down the fuel all makes sense she throws
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00828-00174126-00174413 a box of grenades all along the ground
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00829-00174414-00174581 right number one you should probably
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00830-00174582-00175093 pick up a grenade or two and go on yeah
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00831-00175094-00175373 okay you need to light this she takes
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00832-00175374-00175504 out a lighter and it's not clicking you
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00833-00175505-00175714 have grenades on the ground pick up a
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00834-00175715-00175943 grenade and pull the paint right so like
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00835-00175944-00176195 that part is dumb and obviously
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00836-00176196-00176464 I was thinking okay maybe the infected
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00837-00176465-00176723 no someone's infected and they just want
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00838-00176724-00176831 to spread infection because you need
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00839-00176832-00176951 someone to lie for that you don't want
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00840-00176952-00177137 to kill them you want to infect like the
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00841-00177138-00177335 fungus wants to infect if you kill the
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00842-00177336-00177443 person
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00843-00177444-00177635 they're dead so you're not passing the
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00844-00177636-00177857 infection on so I was thinking okay they
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00845-00177858-00177947 know that she's affection they're
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00846-00177948-00178199 running by but then some of them stopped
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00847-00178200-00178481 so I was like okay do they do they know
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00848-00178482-00178613 what they don't know I guess they didn't
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00849-00178614-00178871 know and then obviously it made a lot
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00850-00178872-00179087 more sense if they just bitter instead
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00851-00179088-00179393 of the mouth to mouth so yeah I I don't
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00852-00179394-00179633 use an unfortunate dumb thing now why
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00853-00179634-00179902 I'm not so high on it as everybody else
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00854-00179903-00180023 is because
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00855-00180024-00180238 it wasn't character altering and it
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00856-00180239-00180443 wasn't plot altering right so it didn't
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00857-00180444-00180707 destroy the plot of what happened it
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00858-00180708-00180857 also didn't destroy the character of
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00859-00180858-00180995 tests it actually just made the infected
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00860-00180996-00181181 look a little weak and like look weird
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00861-00181182-00181421 it's just it just was a weird it was a
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00862-00181422-00181643 weird cringe moment but like I guess
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00863-00181644-00181871 I've seen too many shows where they put
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00864-00181872-00182231 cringe moments that hurt characters and
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00865-00182232-00182452 so like Tess wasn't really hurt by it it
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00866-00182453-00182645 was just like a dumb strange moment
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00867-00182646-00182885 listen I don't disagree with you like
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00868-00182886-00183088 you know there are a lot worse there are
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00869-00183089-00183257 a lot worse things we've watched on this
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00870-00183258-00183514 channel that have made me want to puke
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00871-00183515-00183743 outright but I was just like you guys
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00872-00183744-00183935 are had a great episode and then you
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00873-00183936-00184133 just I I don't know if it's the director
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00874-00184134-00184378 from Chernobyl or Neil drunkman both
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00875-00184379-00184631 both smart people who know what the hell
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00876-00184632-00184793 they're doing right like they try to
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00877-00184794-00184931 create something disgusting but it was
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00878-00184932-00185183 just like it just didn't make sense okay
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00879-00185184-00185435 I guess I guess if the fear is I can get
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00880-00185436-00185711 tongue kissed by a zombie in this world
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00881-00185712-00185969 right I mean yeah that's it was weird
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00882-00185970-00186185 and gross but like bam dog you could
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00883-00186186-00186454 have had her attack right and I would
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00884-00186455-00186676 have still felt like damn like I think
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00885-00186677-00186869 the lighter thing too I think the one
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00886-00186870-00187066 thing was dumb but like if she got bit
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00887-00187067-00187271 and the lighter finally went off I can
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00888-00187272-00187414 even accept that it's just a mouth to
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00889-00187415-00187595 mouth this doesn't work just dude you
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00890-00187596-00187733 could you could have just had multiple
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00891-00187734-00187949 zombies like bite her and they're like
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00892-00187950-00188159 she's just holding him I don't even care
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00893-00188160-00188431 if it was wrong
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00894-00188432-00188699 it's really the same thing would have
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00895-00188700-00188902 occurred the difference is she's not
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00896-00188903-00189052 getting her she's not playing tonsil
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00897-00189053-00189202 hockey with the zombie like she's not
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00898-00189203-00189313 playing
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00899-00189314-00189640 that's something that we're doing it was
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00900-00189641-00189821 awkward it was awkward and cringe and
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00901-00189822-00190078 that's that's unfortunate again but I
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00902-00190079-00190264 don't think again you've said on this
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00903-00190265-00190433 show there's I'm going to ask both of
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00904-00190434-00190673 you to give my you know your grade on
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00905-00190674-00190925 the cringe level because from one to
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00906-00190926-00191188 to master Cheeks having sex with Maki
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00907-00191189-00191416 which is the 10 highest highest level
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00908-00191417-00191626 you can get to in cringe and cringe
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00909-00191627-00191849 level where does it rate for you and to
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00910-00191850-00192083 me it's a five because it doesn't hurt
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00911-00192084-00192304 Tessa's character and it doesn't hurt
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00912-00192305-00192533 the plot and so that's why I'm at a five
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00913-00192534-00192683 for it I mean what are you guys on the
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00914-00192684-00192876 cringe level I think it's a five
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00915-00192877-00193235 levels for Like Chief having sex and the
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00916-00193236-00193693 kids one from one two two
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00917-00193694-00193957 getting laid Yeah
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00918-00193958-00194219 and number one is like slight cringe
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00919-00194220-00194428 yeah where is it on your scale and the
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00920-00194429-00194609 kids kissing are like a nine and a ten
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00921-00194610-00194776 and this is like a six you know it's
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00922-00194777-00195078 like it's not okay I'll agree to a six
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00923-00195079-00195371 let's just hope let's just hope the day
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00924-00195372-00195521 comes when last of us two comes out
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00925-00195522-00195652 they're not watching Abby getting
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00926-00195653-00195826 getting clapped right let's just hope
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00927-00195827-00195985 that's not gonna be honest
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00928-00195986-00196228 that will definitely happen and that
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00929-00196229-00196463 will match at top level range moment
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00930-00196464-00196595 because I don't have to watch her get in
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00931-00196596-00196787 class you like Game of Thrones though so
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00932-00196788-00196966 you've seen playing yeah but like don't
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00933-00196967-00197116 that's the scenes I'm not sitting there
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00934-00197117-00197375 like yo let me watch this big clapping
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00935-00197376-00197602 going on yeah but he's still watching
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00936-00197603-00197771 yeah but I'm not saying I'm not gonna
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00937-00197772-00197999 I'm not watching the episode but I'm
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00938-00198000-00198275 saying let's not let's let's not meet me
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00939-00198276-00198388 watch because at least Game of Thrones
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00940-00198389-00198581 gives you dialogue where I have to watch
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00941-00198582-00198743 it the other one's just like it's even
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00942-00198744-00198928 better be sitting there awkwardly like
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00943-00198929-00199109 well she's getting her cheeks clapped
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00944-00199110-00199366 let me just keep watching this and with
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00945-00199367-00199535 the actual sound effects like Game of
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00946-00199536-00199685 Thrones like there's no there's no
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00947-00199686-00199852 reason for that I was getting nervous I
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00948-00199853-00199978 was going to see RC and the effect of
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00949-00199979-00200147 clap your cheeks and I don't want to see
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00950-00200148-00200399 that happen so let's let's let's
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00951-00200400-00200645 continue oh man you didn't give Game of
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00952-00200646-00201235 Thrones negative for that
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00953-00201236-00201521 because there's too much of that
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00954-00201522-00201737 well listen I want to thank everyone
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00955-00201738-00201971 that came out the watch uh if you if you
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00956-00201972-00202150 know if obviously what do you think
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00957-00202151-00202373 about episode two and I want you to drop
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00958-00202374-00202528 what your rating is and your overall
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00959-00202529-00202738 thoughts in the comments below and the
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00960-00202739-00202913 cringe what's your what's your what's
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00961-00202914-00203069 your cringe level on that on that make
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00962-00203070-00203273 out scene at the end uh but please make
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00963-00203274-00203404 sure if you haven't done so yet hit that
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00964-00203405-00203554 Thumbs Up And subscribe for more future
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00965-00203555-00203854 content obviously we do a lot of varying
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00966-00203855-00204107 uh type of things on the channel so we
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00967-00204108-00204226 have a we have a little something for
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00968-00204227-00204413 everybody and I was you can always
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00969-00204414-00204623 follow us on Twitch we do live streams
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00970-00204624-00204827 daily at least two to three times a week
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00971-00204828-00205036 would be kind of the ideal number that
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00972-00205037-00205181 we always hit but please make sure you
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00973-00205182-00205379 try to drop by and drop a follow as well
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00974-00205380-00205546 and you can always follow us on our
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00975-00205548-00205792 social media on Twitch Instagram and
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00976-00205794-00205984 Discord and as located in the
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00977-00205985-00206171 description below obviously until next
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00978-00206171-00206314 time this is Mars Man From Mars Man
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00979-00206315-00206582 Gaming signing off peace out guys
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00980-00206583-00206610 [Applause]
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00981-00206611-00206709 [Music]
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00982-00206710-00206739 [Applause]
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00983-00206740-00207871 [Music]
CfEUO4q9tuQ-00984-00207871-00208178 thank you
CjutKC9ZglY-00000-00000893-00001307 Alex and Eddie are lazy slobs but the
CjutKC9ZglY-00001-00001308-00001673 roommates and the me she has a job their
CjutKC9ZglY-00002-00001673-00002039 neighbors do shows up every day and he
CjutKC9ZglY-00003-00002039-00002302 doesn't ever leave know how much they
CjutKC9ZglY-00004-00002303-00002756 say their lives may not be granted but
CjutKC9ZglY-00005-00002757-00003796 the bays are full of crazy antics
CjutKC9ZglY-00006-00003797-00004813 [Music]
CjutKC9ZglY-00007-00004814-00004985 trash is full
CjutKC9ZglY-00008-00004986-00005756 I took it out last time didn't want to
CjutKC9ZglY-00009-00005757-00006116 play for it are you saying what I think
CjutKC9ZglY-00010-00006117-00007718 you're saying apartment Olympic ice
CjutKC9ZglY-00011-00007719-00008106 where I heard wait what wait here
CjutKC9ZglY-00012-00008108-00008690 pickles what I'm getting into the pickle
CjutKC9ZglY-00013-00008691-00008990 business need are pimples
CjutKC9ZglY-00014-00008991-00009418 why market research
CjutKC9ZglY-00015-00009419-00009992 just grab the pickles and go what's up
CjutKC9ZglY-00016-00009993-00010844 underachievers morning Stephanie so what
CjutKC9ZglY-00017-00010845-00011000 are you guys going to do today while I'm
CjutKC9ZglY-00018-00011001-00011444 at work we get a stuff you have a job in
CjutKC9ZglY-00019-00011445-00011744 a weed oh well you guys could get one
CjutKC9ZglY-00020-00011745-00012083 too oh and how do you suppose we do that
CjutKC9ZglY-00021-00012084-00013213 I don't know maybe apply for one what is
CjutKC9ZglY-00022-00013215-00013357 he doing here
CjutKC9ZglY-00023-00013358-00013790 hey beautiful like I told you 100 times
CjutKC9ZglY-00024-00013791-00014216 before it's never going to happen never
CjutKC9ZglY-00025-00014216-00014322 sing
CjutKC9ZglY-00026-00014322-00014661 [Music]
CjutKC9ZglY-00027-00014662-00015053 [Applause]
CjutKC9ZglY-00028-00015054-00015387 well I gotta get going today is my big
CjutKC9ZglY-00029-00015388-00015697 presentation we know about your
CjutKC9ZglY-00030-00015699-00016113 presentation Stephanie yeah you've been
CjutKC9ZglY-00031-00016113-00017119 talking about it all week
CjutKC9ZglY-00032-00017120-00017415 [Music]
CjutKC9ZglY-00033-00017416-00017929 [Applause]
CjutKC9ZglY-00034-00017930-00018272 okay so if we're gonna do the apartment
CjutKC9ZglY-00035-00018273-00018521 Olympics we're going to need a referee
CjutKC9ZglY-00036-00018522-00018746 what's wrong with Stu we're not choosing
CjutKC9ZglY-00037-00018747-00019844 Stu okay okay yeah well what about
CjutKC9ZglY-00038-00019845-00020132 Norman the guy literally can't tell a
CjutKC9ZglY-00039-00020133-00020183 lie
CjutKC9ZglY-00040-00020184-00020630 he's a fair judge yeah but will he be at
CjutKC9ZglY-00041-00020631-00020713 work right now
CjutKC9ZglY-00042-00020714-00021014 no he got fired from his law firm what
CjutKC9ZglY-00043-00021015-00021172 why
CjutKC9ZglY-00044-00021173-00021420 for being too honest
CjutKC9ZglY-00045-00021421-00021622 [Laughter]
CjutKC9ZglY-00046-00021623-00022032 [Music]
CjutKC9ZglY-00047-00022033-00022687 [Applause]
CjutKC9ZglY-00048-00022688-00022919 home advertising products this is
CjutKC9ZglY-00049-00022920-00023404 Stephanie oh hi Jeff
CjutKC9ZglY-00050-00023405-00023603 what do you mean you're not gonna be
CjutKC9ZglY-00051-00023604-00024017 here for the presentation look I don't
CjutKC9ZglY-00052-00024018-00024242 care if your mom says you have to clean
CjutKC9ZglY-00053-00024243-00024710 your room this is the biggest moment of
CjutKC9ZglY-00054-00024711-00025499 our careers I need you here ah he hung
CjutKC9ZglY-00055-00025500-00025827 up on me
CjutKC9ZglY-00056-00025829-00026695 sure the first Street challenge both of
CjutKC9ZglY-00057-00026697-00026843 you have made delicious drinks with the
CjutKC9ZglY-00058-00026844-00027095 products in front of you first to finish
CjutKC9ZglY-00059-00027095-00027551 their drink and not throw up wins John's
CjutKC9ZglY-00060-00027552-00027865 your won are you ready yeah salad - are
CjutKC9ZglY-00061-00027866-00029711 you ready yes shows up start sucking
CjutKC9ZglY-00062-00029712-00030149 why and I
CjutKC9ZglY-00063-00030150-00030308 [Music]
CjutKC9ZglY-00064-00030310-00031682 [Applause]
CjutKC9ZglY-00065-00031683-00032142 came to the spice challenge in front of
CjutKC9ZglY-00066-00032143-00032286 you is a mixture of the hottest hot
CjutKC9ZglY-00067-00032287-00032601 sauces and death sauces known to man
CjutKC9ZglY-00068-00032602-00032886 there's also two glasses of milk in
CjutKC9ZglY-00069-00032887-00033264 front of you both of you will take a big
CjutKC9ZglY-00070-00033265-00033546 spoonful of sauce the first to drink
CjutKC9ZglY-00071-00033547-00033948 their milk loses challenger 1 are you
CjutKC9ZglY-00072-00033949-00033996 ready
CjutKC9ZglY-00073-00033997-00034461 Boyd a challenger 2 are you ready sure
CjutKC9ZglY-00074-00034462-00034785 the spoon
CjutKC9ZglY-00075-00034786-00035612 feel the burn
CjutKC9ZglY-00076-00035613-00036414 [Music]
CjutKC9ZglY-00077-00036415-00037414 [Laughter]
CjutKC9ZglY-00078-00037415-00037815 [Laughter]
CjutKC9ZglY-00079-00037816-00038806 [Applause]
CjutKC9ZglY-00080-00038807-00041476 oh no no one of us can't come to your
CjutKC9ZglY-00081-00041477-00041770 office right now because we're busy
CjutKC9ZglY-00082-00041771-00042553 that's why oh okay okay okay okay look
CjutKC9ZglY-00083-00042554-00042937 Oh Oh we'll think of something okay
CjutKC9ZglY-00084-00042938-00043680 all right all right oh who is that
CjutKC9ZglY-00085-00043681-00043918 Stephanie's partner didn't show up for
CjutKC9ZglY-00086-00043919-00044158 their presentation that she wants one of
CjutKC9ZglY-00087-00044159-00044581 us to go down there fill in for him but
CjutKC9ZglY-00088-00044582-00045328 we're busy
CjutKC9ZglY-00089-00045329-00046119 [Music]
CjutKC9ZglY-00090-00046120-00046609 sending mr. Baggesen Stephanie it's good
CjutKC9ZglY-00091-00046610-00046849 to see you again I've been wanting to
CjutKC9ZglY-00092-00046850-00047028 see what you and Jeff have come up with
CjutKC9ZglY-00093-00047029-00047359 where's Jeff anyway I'm excited to meet
CjutKC9ZglY-00094-00047360-00047696 him in person
CjutKC9ZglY-00095-00047697-00047973 [Applause]
CjutKC9ZglY-00096-00047974-00048463 ah you must be Jeff that's me
CjutKC9ZglY-00097-00048464-00050769 should we get this thing started game 3
CjutKC9ZglY-00098-00050770-00050995 final round you're logging you just
CjutKC9ZglY-00099-00050996-00051283 drink a gallon of water either the first
CjutKC9ZglY-00100-00051284-00051436 person to use the bathroom will lose
CjutKC9ZglY-00101-00051437-00051754 apartment Olympics eggs at no point
CjutKC9ZglY-00102-00051754-00051988 prior to using the bathroom can either
CjutKC9ZglY-00103-00051989-00052183 of you leave the couch
CjutKC9ZglY-00104-00052184-00052612 [Music]
CjutKC9ZglY-00105-00052613-00053028 and last but not least pickles made
CjutKC9ZglY-00106-00053029-00053306 perfect it's simple it's clean it's
CjutKC9ZglY-00107-00053307-00053761 pickles
CjutKC9ZglY-00108-00053762-00054194 what else you got what do you mean other
CjutKC9ZglY-00109-00054195-00054292 ideas
CjutKC9ZglY-00110-00054293-00054591 let me hear more of him but that's three
CjutKC9ZglY-00111-00054591-00054873 months of hard work that I bent right
CjutKC9ZglY-00112-00054874-00055130 there she's just joking with you of
CjutKC9ZglY-00113-00055131-00056129 course we have more ideas we do let me
CjutKC9ZglY-00114-00056130-00057111 pickle your bride there's more in the
CjutKC9ZglY-00115-00057112-00057622 jar more in the jar
CjutKC9ZglY-00116-00057623-00058629 [Applause]
CjutKC9ZglY-00117-00058629-00059103 can I leave that nectar what it was P
CjutKC9ZglY-00118-00059104-00059701 alright then you are watching 10 hours
CjutKC9ZglY-00119-00059702-00061596 of non-stop waterfall so Stephanie I
CjutKC9ZglY-00120-00061597-00061834 expected to tap into all our future
CjutKC9ZglY-00121-00061835-00062526 meetings what an ideas man thank you sir
CjutKC9ZglY-00122-00062527-00063301 tickle my pickle huh I gotta make you
CjutKC9ZglY-00123-00063302-00063541 get a really good job if there's one
CjutKC9ZglY-00124-00063541-00064041 thing I know it's pickles
CjutKC9ZglY-00125-00064042-00065883 can I get a hug you didn't do that good
CjutKC9ZglY-00126-00065884-00066287 [Laughter]
CjutKC9ZglY-00127-00066288-00068254 [Music]
CjutKC9ZglY-00128-00068255-00069111 [Music]
CjutKC9ZglY-00129-00069112-00069311 [Music]
CjutKC9ZglY-00130-00069312-00069809 let's end this
CjutKC9ZglY-00131-00069810-00070900 [Applause]
CjutKC9ZglY-00132-00070901-00072029 [Music]
CjutKC9ZglY-00133-00072030-00072500 bays are full of Maci and tastes like
CjutKC9ZglY-00134-00072501-00073043 love day just get a frickin job
Ck3AOWXwtmu-00000-00000204-00000451 hi there and welcome to
Ck3AOWXwtmu-00001-00000451-00000736 eddl5131 designing multimedia for
Ck3AOWXwtmu-00002-00000737-00000935 curriculum within the graduate
Ck3AOWXwtmu-00003-00000936-00001085 certificate in online teaching and
Ck3AOWXwtmu-00004-00001086-00001223 learning here at Thompson Rivers
Ck3AOWXwtmu-00005-00001224-00001331 University
Ck3AOWXwtmu-00006-00001332-00001528 my name is Keith Webster and I'll be the
Ck3AOWXwtmu-00007-00001529-00001751 faculty member for this course
Ck3AOWXwtmu-00008-00001752-00001973 I've been with Thompson's Rivers for
Ck3AOWXwtmu-00009-00001973-00002176 over a decade and since this program
Ck3AOWXwtmu-00010-00002177-00002309 started
Ck3AOWXwtmu-00011-00002310-00002573 I live in Victoria and my day job is at
Ck3AOWXwtmu-00012-00002574-00002717 Royal Roads University where I'm the
Ck3AOWXwtmu-00013-00002718-00002860 associate director for learning
Ck3AOWXwtmu-00014-00002861-00003010 Technologies
Ck3AOWXwtmu-00015-00003011-00003221 I've previously been an instructional
Ck3AOWXwtmu-00016-00003222-00003454 designer here at Royal Roads and an
Ck3AOWXwtmu-00017-00003455-00003659 associate faculty member teaching in
Ck3AOWXwtmu-00018-00003660-00003815 instructional design
Ck3AOWXwtmu-00019-00003815-00004072 before that I was at the University of
Ck3AOWXwtmu-00020-00004073-00004247 Victoria where I worked for over a
Ck3AOWXwtmu-00021-00004248-00004438 decade as an instructional designer and
Ck3AOWXwtmu-00022-00004439-00004685 as an educational technologist I also
Ck3AOWXwtmu-00023-00004686-00004888 taught educational technology as a
Ck3AOWXwtmu-00024-00004889-00005038 sessional instructor in the faculty of
Ck3AOWXwtmu-00025-00005039-00005201 Education
Ck3AOWXwtmu-00026-00005202-00005441 I've taught for many many years in the
Ck3AOWXwtmu-00027-00005442-00005693 clean forces and I had a short stint as
Ck3AOWXwtmu-00028-00005694-00005909 a high school teacher as well
Ck3AOWXwtmu-00029-00005910-00006125 I live here in Victoria with my two kids
Ck3AOWXwtmu-00030-00006126-00006400 who are both both in post-secondary in
Ck3AOWXwtmu-00031-00006401-00006641 my spare time I like to do hiking
Ck3AOWXwtmu-00032-00006642-00006887 camping in the summer and skiing in the
Ck3AOWXwtmu-00033-00006888-00007031 winter
Ck3AOWXwtmu-00034-00007031-00007306 this course is a really interesting and
Ck3AOWXwtmu-00035-00007308-00007463 beneficial addition to what you've been
Ck3AOWXwtmu-00036-00007464-00007642 learning either within the certificate
Ck3AOWXwtmu-00037-00007643-00007864 program or in the master of education
Ck3AOWXwtmu-00038-00007865-00007984 program
Ck3AOWXwtmu-00039-00007986-00008260 it's all about pedagogically effective
Ck3AOWXwtmu-00040-00008261-00008392 media
Ck3AOWXwtmu-00041-00008393-00008692 how do you integrate media into your
Ck3AOWXwtmu-00042-00008693-00008903 teaching in a way that helps students to
Ck3AOWXwtmu-00043-00008904-00009053 learn
Ck3AOWXwtmu-00044-00009054-00009346 so we're focusing on educator produced
Ck3AOWXwtmu-00045-00009347-00009628 media not perfect but good enough just
Ck3AOWXwtmu-00046-00009629-00009935 in time media that you can create to
Ck3AOWXwtmu-00047-00009936-00010121 solve the current educational challenge
Ck3AOWXwtmu-00048-00010122-00010306 you're facing
Ck3AOWXwtmu-00049-00010307-00010613 it's easy to move on from that to refine
Ck3AOWXwtmu-00050-00010614-00010817 and make more effective media that
Ck3AOWXwtmu-00051-00010818-00010991 you're going to keep for years on end or
Ck3AOWXwtmu-00052-00010992-00011099 that you're going to produce in
Ck3AOWXwtmu-00053-00011100-00011249 partnership with others or that you're
Ck3AOWXwtmu-00054-00011250-00011459 going to provide input into the
Ck3AOWXwtmu-00055-00011460-00011651 professional production of but we're
Ck3AOWXwtmu-00056-00011652-00011909 starting with instructor-produced media
Ck3AOWXwtmu-00057-00011910-00012083 it's important that you are able to
Ck3AOWXwtmu-00058-00012084-00012413 produce media that you need so we will
Ck3AOWXwtmu-00059-00012414-00012713 focus on finding altering remixing
Ck3AOWXwtmu-00060-00012714-00013013 revising and creating media
Ck3AOWXwtmu-00061-00013013-00013180 that means we're going to use a lot of
Ck3AOWXwtmu-00062-00013181-00013330 tools that are free
Ck3AOWXwtmu-00063-00013331-00013553 we're going to look at sources of media
Ck3AOWXwtmu-00064-00013554-00013708 that you can use without infringing
Ck3AOWXwtmu-00065-00013709-00014008 copyright and that you can alter and
Ck3AOWXwtmu-00066-00014009-00014207 make them work for you
Ck3AOWXwtmu-00067-00014208-00014338 we're also going to focus on
Ck3AOWXwtmu-00068-00014340-00014572 student-produced media because that is a
Ck3AOWXwtmu-00069-00014573-00014758 solid way of having Learners demonstrate
Ck3AOWXwtmu-00070-00014759-00014963 what they've learned
Ck3AOWXwtmu-00071-00014963-00015161 we're going to have a series of
Ck3AOWXwtmu-00072-00015162-00015329 activities and assignments in this
Ck3AOWXwtmu-00073-00015330-00015586 course that focus on taking the theory
Ck3AOWXwtmu-00074-00015587-00015833 of educational media and applying that
Ck3AOWXwtmu-00075-00015834-00016061 theory to the integration of media that
Ck3AOWXwtmu-00076-00016062-00016283 you have found altered or created
Ck3AOWXwtmu-00077-00016284-00016703 as part of an online lesson
Ck3AOWXwtmu-00078-00016704-00016930 you'll be coming out of this course with
Ck3AOWXwtmu-00079-00016931-00017122 a portfolio in which you've made or
Ck3AOWXwtmu-00080-00017123-00017375 mashed up many pieces of media and then
Ck3AOWXwtmu-00081-00017376-00017644 integrated these pieces of media in a
Ck3AOWXwtmu-00082-00017645-00017880 learning context so that they are useful
Ck3AOWXwtmu-00083-00017881-00018172 towards achieving specific learning
Ck3AOWXwtmu-00084-00018173-00018329 outcomes
Ck3AOWXwtmu-00085-00018330-00018569 in this course you're going to have a
Ck3AOWXwtmu-00086-00018570-00018749 few platforms to work with
Ck3AOWXwtmu-00087-00018750-00018977 we have a Moodle site like all courses
Ck3AOWXwtmu-00088-00018978-00019122 have at Thompson Rivers University
Ck3AOWXwtmu-00089-00019123-00019367 typically that site will be used to
Ck3AOWXwtmu-00090-00019368-00019708 submit assignments and by submit I mean
Ck3AOWXwtmu-00091-00019709-00019955 making a note in an assignment Dropbox
Ck3AOWXwtmu-00092-00019956-00020225 to say my assignment is ready and it can
Ck3AOWXwtmu-00093-00020226-00020363 be found here because most of your
Ck3AOWXwtmu-00094-00020364-00020608 assignments are actually going to be in
Ck3AOWXwtmu-00095-00020609-00020908 your portfolio online
Ck3AOWXwtmu-00096-00020909-00021233 course content is on a partially open
Ck3AOWXwtmu-00097-00021234-00021664 site the eddl site which is based in a
Ck3AOWXwtmu-00098-00021665-00021883 Commons in a box Open Lab
Ck3AOWXwtmu-00099-00021884-00022258 an extension of Wordpress in these in
Ck3AOWXwtmu-00100-00022259-00022528 this site the course content and the
Ck3AOWXwtmu-00101-00022529-00022685 assignment instructions are open to
Ck3AOWXwtmu-00102-00022686-00022799 anyone so if you find something
Ck3AOWXwtmu-00103-00022800-00022997 interesting you want to share just share
Ck3AOWXwtmu-00104-00022998-00023236 the link out and your colleagues can go
Ck3AOWXwtmu-00105-00023237-00023500 and take a peek but you will have
Ck3AOWXwtmu-00106-00023501-00023717 discussion areas that are for course
Ck3AOWXwtmu-00107-00023718-00024005 members only and links from there to
Ck3AOWXwtmu-00108-00024006-00024286 your own portfolios that are also course
Ck3AOWXwtmu-00109-00024287-00024580 members only you can personally make
Ck3AOWXwtmu-00110-00024581-00024844 your portfolio open to the world or
Ck3AOWXwtmu-00111-00024845-00025517 limited to just people within the course
Ck3AOWXwtmu-00112-00025518-00025733 I think that this is going to be a very
Ck3AOWXwtmu-00113-00025733-00026099 interesting offering of 5131 there's
Ck3AOWXwtmu-00114-00026100-00026477 been a lot of new scholarship that's
Ck3AOWXwtmu-00115-00026477-00026627 been published in the last couple of
Ck3AOWXwtmu-00116-00026627-00026861 years and we updated quite a bit last
Ck3AOWXwtmu-00117-00026862-00027083 year and this year as well
Ck3AOWXwtmu-00118-00027083-00027449 there is uh there are new readings new
Ck3AOWXwtmu-00119-00027450-00027689 work that's being done and so you'll
Ck3AOWXwtmu-00120-00027689-00027893 have some very fresh material to work
Ck3AOWXwtmu-00121-00027894-00028164 from I'm looking forward to this course
Ck3AOWXwtmu-00122-00028166-00028468 I find I always learn things from the
Ck3AOWXwtmu-00123-00028469-00028673 people who are participating in it and
Ck3AOWXwtmu-00124-00028674-00028858 I'm sure that you are going to learn
Ck3AOWXwtmu-00125-00028860-00029014 quite a bit as well
Ck3AOWXwtmu-00126-00029016-00029377 thanks a lot bye
ClKTW7O9Bng-00000-00000239-00000311 stars
ClKTW7O9Bng-00001-00000312-00000574 have always fascinated people they
ClKTW7O9Bng-00002-00000575-00000726 inspired interest
ClKTW7O9Bng-00003-00000727-00001031 and were uncharted beacons
ClKTW7O9Bng-00004-00001032-00001335 humanity craved new worlds and dreamt of
ClKTW7O9Bng-00005-00001336-00001775 flying into space
ClKTW7O9Bng-00006-00001776-00002279 on april 12 1961 this dream came true
ClKTW7O9Bng-00007-00002280-00003470 it was announced on all radios worldwide
ClKTW7O9Bng-00008-00003471-00004829 an altitude of about 190 miles
ClKTW7O9Bng-00009-00004830-00005647 [Music]
ClKTW7O9Bng-00010-00005648-00005911 yuri gagarin was an ordinary boy who was
ClKTW7O9Bng-00011-00005912-00006191 among those who dreamt of the stars
ClKTW7O9Bng-00012-00006192-00006367 he loved planes and thought about
ClKTW7O9Bng-00013-00006368-00006559 becoming a pilot ever since he was a
ClKTW7O9Bng-00014-00006559-00006655 child
ClKTW7O9Bng-00015-00006656-00006903 once together with his classmates he
ClKTW7O9Bng-00016-00006904-00007078 made a flying model of a plane from
ClKTW7O9Bng-00017-00007079-00007231 reeds and a combustion engine
ClKTW7O9Bng-00018-00007231-00007439 [Music]
ClKTW7O9Bng-00019-00007440-00007631 the math and physics teachers as well as
ClKTW7O9Bng-00020-00007631-00007759 the school's head teacher were
ClKTW7O9Bng-00021-00007759-00008031 fascinated watching the flight
ClKTW7O9Bng-00022-00008031-00008167 [Music]
ClKTW7O9Bng-00023-00008168-00008431 twenty years later along with the entire
ClKTW7O9Bng-00024-00008432-00008527 world
ClKTW7O9Bng-00025-00008528-00008751 they would watch breathlessly as yuri
ClKTW7O9Bng-00026-00008752-00008974 gagarin piloted the first ever manned
ClKTW7O9Bng-00027-00008975-00009400 spacecraft
ClKTW7O9Bng-00028-00009401-00009628 [Applause]
ClKTW7O9Bng-00029-00009629-00009742 [Music]
ClKTW7O9Bng-00030-00009743-00010071 at 3 30 moscow time specialists woke up
ClKTW7O9Bng-00031-00010072-00010206 yuri gagarin
ClKTW7O9Bng-00032-00010207-00010471 after some light exercises a rinse down
ClKTW7O9Bng-00033-00010472-00010710 and a breakfast fed via special tubes
ClKTW7O9Bng-00034-00010711-00010903 the cosmonaut was taken to the assembly
ClKTW7O9Bng-00035-00010904-00011063 and test section for pre-flight
ClKTW7O9Bng-00036-00011064-00011142 inspection
ClKTW7O9Bng-00037-00011143-00011406 and putting on his spacesuit when yuri
ClKTW7O9Bng-00038-00011407-00011567 gagarin was about to walk towards the
ClKTW7O9Bng-00039-00011568-00011655 spacecraft
ClKTW7O9Bng-00040-00011656-00011814 it was suddenly noticed that there were
ClKTW7O9Bng-00041-00011815-00012214 no identification marks on the helmet
ClKTW7O9Bng-00042-00012215-00012455 no one thought about it in advance only
ClKTW7O9Bng-00043-00012456-00012774 a few hours remained until the flight
ClKTW7O9Bng-00044-00012775-00012943 spacesuit specialist suggested a
ClKTW7O9Bng-00045-00012944-00013094 solution
ClKTW7O9Bng-00046-00013095-00013303 he brought out red paint and drew the
ClKTW7O9Bng-00047-00013304-00013511 letters of the ussr on the helmet
ClKTW7O9Bng-00048-00013512-00014143 without even removing it
ClKTW7O9Bng-00049-00014144-00014551 on october 27 1955 yuri gagarin joined
ClKTW7O9Bng-00050-00014552-00014679 the army
ClKTW7O9Bng-00051-00014680-00014927 then he was sent to aviation school
ClKTW7O9Bng-00052-00014928-00015166 which he completed with honors
ClKTW7O9Bng-00053-00015168-00015511 after graduation he served in the 769th
ClKTW7O9Bng-00054-00015512-00015607 fighter aviation
ClKTW7O9Bng-00055-00015608-00015935 regiment in the summer of 1959 a group
ClKTW7O9Bng-00056-00015936-00016150 of field medics visited the regiment
ClKTW7O9Bng-00057-00016151-00016311 they had been studying the pilot's
ClKTW7O9Bng-00058-00016312-00016511 personal files and were to conduct
ClKTW7O9Bng-00059-00016512-00016822 interviews
ClKTW7O9Bng-00060-00016823-00017039 during the interview they casually asked
ClKTW7O9Bng-00061-00017040-00017175 the main question
ClKTW7O9Bng-00062-00017176-00017343 would you like to pilot a spacecraft
ClKTW7O9Bng-00063-00017344-00017550 around the earth
ClKTW7O9Bng-00064-00017551-00017750 it's apparent what answer yuri gagarin
ClKTW7O9Bng-00065-00017751-00017805 gave
ClKTW7O9Bng-00066-00017806-00018103 [Music]
ClKTW7O9Bng-00067-00018104-00018263 the selected candidates were moved to
ClKTW7O9Bng-00068-00018264-00018455 moscow for further examination at the
ClKTW7O9Bng-00069-00018456-00019086 central research aviation hospital
ClKTW7O9Bng-00070-00019087-00019279 yuri gagarin arrived there on october
ClKTW7O9Bng-00071-00019280-00019519 7th and remained under examination for
ClKTW7O9Bng-00072-00019520-00019671 almost a month
ClKTW7O9Bng-00073-00019672-00019847 the future cosmonaut joked about his
ClKTW7O9Bng-00074-00019848-00020030 medical clearance there were many
ClKTW7O9Bng-00075-00020031-00020111 doctors
ClKTW7O9Bng-00076-00020112-00020383 each of them as rigorous as a prosecutor
ClKTW7O9Bng-00077-00020384-00020647 apart from the medical examinations
ClKTW7O9Bng-00078-00020648-00020927 he also underwent stress tests he was
ClKTW7O9Bng-00079-00020928-00021127 tested in an aerospace chamber
ClKTW7O9Bng-00080-00021128-00021375 spun in a centrifuge and shaken in a
ClKTW7O9Bng-00081-00021376-00021494 vibro chair
ClKTW7O9Bng-00082-00021495-00021694 his body was also checked for hypoxia
ClKTW7O9Bng-00083-00021695-00021855 resistance
ClKTW7O9Bng-00084-00021856-00022086 after all examinations and tests the
ClKTW7O9Bng-00085-00022087-00022271 commission confirmed that his health was
ClKTW7O9Bng-00086-00022272-00022535 perfect
ClKTW7O9Bng-00087-00022536-00022747 a total of 20 people were chosen from
ClKTW7O9Bng-00088-00022748-00023022 352 cosmonaut candidates
ClKTW7O9Bng-00089-00023023-00023719 yuri alexeyovich gagarin was among them
ClKTW7O9Bng-00090-00023720-00024007 at 7 10 the cosmonaut took his seat in
ClKTW7O9Bng-00091-00024008-00024175 the vostok spacecraft
ClKTW7O9Bng-00092-00024176-00024367 and made contact under the callsign
ClKTW7O9Bng-00093-00024368-00024519 cedar then
ClKTW7O9Bng-00094-00024520-00024694 he connected his suit to the ventilation
ClKTW7O9Bng-00095-00024695-00024903 system and checked the communication
ClKTW7O9Bng-00096-00024904-00024983 systems
ClKTW7O9Bng-00097-00024984-00025542 onboard recorder and broadcast radio
ClKTW7O9Bng-00098-00025543-00025694 while engineers kept improving the
ClKTW7O9Bng-00099-00025695-00025887 vostok spacecraft and conducted test
ClKTW7O9Bng-00100-00025888-00025974 flights
ClKTW7O9Bng-00101-00025975-00026206 future cosmonauts underwent training and
ClKTW7O9Bng-00102-00026207-00026358 were prepared for their first space
ClKTW7O9Bng-00103-00026360-00026662 flights
ClKTW7O9Bng-00104-00026663-00026887 they took up sports learned special
ClKTW7O9Bng-00105-00026888-00027014 disciplines
ClKTW7O9Bng-00106-00027016-00027255 completed parachute training and also
ClKTW7O9Bng-00107-00027256-00027374 developed their resistance to
ClKTW7O9Bng-00108-00027375-00027567 spaceflight conditions
ClKTW7O9Bng-00109-00027568-00027743 the future cosmonauts were trained in
ClKTW7O9Bng-00110-00027744-00027935 the centrifuge to withstand extreme
ClKTW7O9Bng-00111-00027936-00028023 gravity
ClKTW7O9Bng-00112-00028024-00028183 in the temperature chamber to withstand
ClKTW7O9Bng-00113-00028183-00028414 high temperatures and in the soundproof
ClKTW7O9Bng-00114-00028416-00028583 chamber to resist loneliness
ClKTW7O9Bng-00115-00028583-00028767 they were also trained for zero gravity
ClKTW7O9Bng-00116-00028768-00029087 in a special plane
ClKTW7O9Bng-00117-00029088-00029246 soon it turned out that there was not
ClKTW7O9Bng-00118-00029247-00029414 enough time for all the cosmonauts to
ClKTW7O9Bng-00119-00029416-00029558 complete the full training course with
ClKTW7O9Bng-00120-00029560-00029783 the vostok spacecraft mockup
ClKTW7O9Bng-00121-00029783-00029943 six people who matched the spacecraft
ClKTW7O9Bng-00122-00029944-00030127 technical parameters the best in terms
ClKTW7O9Bng-00123-00030127-00030455 of physical condition were chosen
ClKTW7O9Bng-00124-00030456-00030743 the group consisted of german titoff
ClKTW7O9Bng-00125-00030744-00030983 gregori nilupav
ClKTW7O9Bng-00126-00030983-00031423 nikolayev pavel popovic valerie wykowski
ClKTW7O9Bng-00127-00031424-00031814 and yuri gagarin
ClKTW7O9Bng-00128-00031816-00032199 at 8 25 the cabin was checked for leaks
ClKTW7O9Bng-00129-00032200-00032431 15 minutes before liftoff grigoren
ClKTW7O9Bng-00130-00032432-00032646 donned his spacesuit gloves
ClKTW7O9Bng-00131-00032647-00032862 10 minutes before liftoff he closed his
ClKTW7O9Bng-00132-00032863-00032990 helmet
ClKTW7O9Bng-00133-00032991-00033246 five minutes before liftoff a metal
ClKTW7O9Bng-00134-00033247-00033431 truss with service platforms and an
ClKTW7O9Bng-00135-00033432-00033683 elevator were pulled away from the
ClKTW7O9Bng-00136-00033684-00033804 rocket
ClKTW7O9Bng-00137-00033805-00033967 [Music]
ClKTW7O9Bng-00138-00033968-00034190 for several months the six candidates
ClKTW7O9Bng-00139-00034191-00034374 intensively studied the spacecraft
ClKTW7O9Bng-00140-00034375-00034702 and were trained on the simulator
ClKTW7O9Bng-00141-00034703-00035143 in january 1961 examinations began
ClKTW7O9Bng-00142-00035144-00035455 they lasted for two days
ClKTW7O9Bng-00143-00035456-00035671 on the first day the future cosmonauts
ClKTW7O9Bng-00144-00035672-00035839 took turns sitting inside the cabin of
ClKTW7O9Bng-00145-00035840-00036030 the vostok spacecraft mockup
ClKTW7O9Bng-00146-00036031-00036167 and described the purpose of the
ClKTW7O9Bng-00147-00036168-00036351 spacecraft its equipment
ClKTW7O9Bng-00148-00036352-00036535 and the cosmonauts actions at various
ClKTW7O9Bng-00149-00036536-00036830 stages of the flight to the commission
ClKTW7O9Bng-00150-00036831-00037015 on the following day they passed
ClKTW7O9Bng-00151-00037016-00037343 theoretical examinations
ClKTW7O9Bng-00152-00037344-00037535 based on the results the commission
ClKTW7O9Bng-00153-00037536-00037687 raided cosmonauts on their flight
ClKTW7O9Bng-00154-00037688-00037879 readiness
ClKTW7O9Bng-00155-00037880-00038271 yuri gagarin topped the list
ClKTW7O9Bng-00156-00038272-00039283 [Music]
ClKTW7O9Bng-00157-00039284-00040041 of
ClKTW7O9Bng-00158-00040042-00040784 [Music]
ClKTW7O9Bng-00159-00040785-00041577 [Music]
ClKTW7O9Bng-00160-00041578-00041967 [Music]
ClKTW7O9Bng-00161-00041968-00042246 the liftoff command was given the rocket
ClKTW7O9Bng-00162-00042247-00042502 began to rise slowly
ClKTW7O9Bng-00163-00042503-00042735 at that moment yuri gagarin said the
ClKTW7O9Bng-00164-00042736-00043046 famous phrase
ClKTW7O9Bng-00165-00043047-00043343 11 minutes and 27 seconds later the
ClKTW7O9Bng-00166-00043344-00043495 third state separated
ClKTW7O9Bng-00167-00043496-00043718 and the vostok-1 spacecraft entered
ClKTW7O9Bng-00168-00043719-00044127 earth orbit
ClKTW7O9Bng-00169-00044128-00044343 it was the first time a human being went
ClKTW7O9Bng-00170-00044344-00045079 into space
ClKTW7O9Bng-00171-00045080-00045255 was the first person who saw our planet
ClKTW7O9Bng-00172-00045256-00045518 from space with his own eyes
ClKTW7O9Bng-00173-00045519-00045855 he gazed out in admiration at its beauty
ClKTW7O9Bng-00174-00045856-00046087 after the flight gagarin wrote a message
ClKTW7O9Bng-00175-00046088-00046239 to everyone
ClKTW7O9Bng-00176-00046240-00046479 orbiting earth in the spaceship i saw
ClKTW7O9Bng-00177-00046480-00046727 how beautiful our planet is
ClKTW7O9Bng-00178-00046728-00046974 people let us preserve and increase this
ClKTW7O9Bng-00179-00046975-00047111 beauty
ClKTW7O9Bng-00180-00047112-00047462 not destroy it
ClKTW7O9Bng-00181-00047463-00047615 the first flight into space was
ClKTW7O9Bng-00182-00047616-00047767 carefully prepared
ClKTW7O9Bng-00183-00047768-00048095 however it was a big risk several
ClKTW7O9Bng-00184-00048096-00048262 potentially dangerous situations
ClKTW7O9Bng-00185-00048263-00048607 occurred during the flight
ClKTW7O9Bng-00186-00048608-00048815 first the radio control for the third
ClKTW7O9Bng-00187-00048816-00048967 stage engines failed
ClKTW7O9Bng-00188-00048968-00049111 but the engineers had thought through
ClKTW7O9Bng-00189-00049112-00049318 various contingencies
ClKTW7O9Bng-00190-00049319-00049462 which meant the spacecraft had a
ClKTW7O9Bng-00191-00049463-00049630 fallback option
ClKTW7O9Bng-00192-00049631-00049846 the engines automatically cut off but
ClKTW7O9Bng-00193-00049847-00050015 half a second later
ClKTW7O9Bng-00194-00050016-00050230 resulting in flying 100 kilometers
ClKTW7O9Bng-00195-00050231-00050686 higher than planet after the deorbit
ClKTW7O9Bng-00196-00050687-00050751 burn
ClKTW7O9Bng-00197-00050752-00050927 the instrument module did not separate
ClKTW7O9Bng-00198-00050928-00051046 from the descent vehicle with the
ClKTW7O9Bng-00199-00051047-00051167 cosmonaut
ClKTW7O9Bng-00200-00051168-00051375 the spacecraft began to spin at a very
ClKTW7O9Bng-00201-00051376-00051679 high speed
ClKTW7O9Bng-00202-00051679-00051935 only at an altitude of 110 kilometers
ClKTW7O9Bng-00203-00051936-00051999 did the thermal
ClKTW7O9Bng-00204-00052000-00052182 sensors of the backup separation system
ClKTW7O9Bng-00205-00052183-00052382 go off and the instrument module
ClKTW7O9Bng-00206-00052383-00052607 separated
ClKTW7O9Bng-00207-00052608-00052726 right when it seemed the flight was
ClKTW7O9Bng-00208-00052727-00053038 almost over yuri gagarin faced another
ClKTW7O9Bng-00209-00053039-00053215 problem
ClKTW7O9Bng-00210-00053216-00053430 after ejecting from the capsule he
ClKTW7O9Bng-00211-00053432-00053679 descended with the main parachute
ClKTW7O9Bng-00212-00053679-00053903 but at an altitude of three kilometers
ClKTW7O9Bng-00213-00053904-00054102 the emergency parachute deployed
ClKTW7O9Bng-00214-00054103-00054271 [Music]
ClKTW7O9Bng-00215-00054272-00054454 gegarden was drifting down to earth
ClKTW7O9Bng-00216-00054455-00054623 under two parachutes
ClKTW7O9Bng-00217-00054624-00054775 he could not effectively control his
ClKTW7O9Bng-00218-00054776-00054959 descent
ClKTW7O9Bng-00219-00054960-00055191 nearly at the ground he was descending
ClKTW7O9Bng-00220-00055191-00055342 backwards
ClKTW7O9Bng-00221-00055344-00055615 just seven seconds before landing he was
ClKTW7O9Bng-00222-00055616-00055807 able to turn around
ClKTW7O9Bng-00223-00055808-00055999 which allowed him to land confidently
ClKTW7O9Bng-00224-00056000-00056279 and softly
ClKTW7O9Bng-00225-00056279-00056615 despite all the issues yoda gagarin and
ClKTW7O9Bng-00226-00056616-00056782 the equipment developed by hundreds of
ClKTW7O9Bng-00227-00056783-00056991 specialists successfully coped with each
ClKTW7O9Bng-00228-00056991-00057166 challenge
ClKTW7O9Bng-00229-00057167-00057391 thus the first cosmonaut returned to
ClKTW7O9Bng-00230-00057391-00057494 earth safe
ClKTW7O9Bng-00231-00057495-00057830 and sound
ClKTW7O9Bng-00232-00057832-00058023 the whole country welcomed its hero with
ClKTW7O9Bng-00233-00058024-00058254 open arms
ClKTW7O9Bng-00234-00058255-00058487 and at the end of april gilroy gagarin
ClKTW7O9Bng-00235-00058488-00058575 was sent abroad
ClKTW7O9Bng-00236-00058576-00058838 on a so-called mission of peace and
ClKTW7O9Bng-00237-00058839-00059017 charmed everyone with his smile
ClKTW7O9Bng-00238-00059019-00059207 [Music]
ClKTW7O9Bng-00239-00059208-00059407 his contemporaries remember one trip in
ClKTW7O9Bng-00240-00059408-00059615 particular
ClKTW7O9Bng-00241-00059616-00059966 in july 1961 yuri gagarin was invited to
ClKTW7O9Bng-00242-00059967-00060135 the united kingdom
ClKTW7O9Bng-00243-00060136-00060319 he spent several days there and met
ClKTW7O9Bng-00244-00060320-00060479 workers scientists and the prime
ClKTW7O9Bng-00245-00060479-00060623 minister
ClKTW7O9Bng-00246-00060624-00060838 on the day of his departure queen
ClKTW7O9Bng-00247-00060839-00060942 elizabeth ii
ClKTW7O9Bng-00248-00060944-00061294 also wanted to meet the first cosmonaut
ClKTW7O9Bng-00249-00061295-00061494 and yuri gagarin cheerfully agreed to
ClKTW7O9Bng-00250-00061495-00061647 extend his stay
ClKTW7O9Bng-00251-00061648-00062038 they had lunch at buckingham palace
ClKTW7O9Bng-00252-00062039-00062238 while they were bidding farewell
ClKTW7O9Bng-00253-00062239-00062438 elizabeth ii wanted to take a photo with
ClKTW7O9Bng-00254-00062439-00062566 the first cosmonaut
ClKTW7O9Bng-00255-00062567-00062704 contrary to etiquette
ClKTW7O9Bng-00256-00062705-00062903 [Music]
ClKTW7O9Bng-00257-00062904-00063079 later on she explained her decision to
ClKTW7O9Bng-00258-00063079-00063303 journalists by stating that gagarin was
ClKTW7O9Bng-00259-00063304-00063479 not an ordinary earthly man
ClKTW7O9Bng-00260-00063479-00063726 but a heavenly one therefore there was
ClKTW7O9Bng-00261-00063727-00064166 no violation of royal etiquette
ClKTW7O9Bng-00262-00064167-00064438 yuri gagarin traveled all over the world
ClKTW7O9Bng-00263-00064439-00064703 he visited more than 20 countries
ClKTW7O9Bng-00264-00064704-00064926 everywhere he went gagarin was greeted
ClKTW7O9Bng-00265-00064927-00065447 with the greatest honor
ClKTW7O9Bng-00266-00065448-00065687 he achieved the dream of all people and
ClKTW7O9Bng-00267-00065688-00065894 paved the way for humans to explore
ClKTW7O9Bng-00268-00065895-00066183 space
D0C3zUTmDhU-00000-00000024-00000291 yo what's going on it seems to be the UH
D0C3zUTmDhU-00001-00000292-00000494 seems to be the popular thing around
D0C3zUTmDhU-00002-00000495-00000857 here to claim that you know and you're
D0C3zUTmDhU-00003-00000858-00001141 an expert on loan officer Facebook ads
D0C3zUTmDhU-00004-00001142-00001433 right I'm sure besides me that you've
D0C3zUTmDhU-00005-00001434-00001601 seen a whole bunch of other people on
D0C3zUTmDhU-00006-00001602-00001885 here claiming to be loan officer
D0C3zUTmDhU-00007-00001886-00002143 Facebook ad experts so here's what I'm
D0C3zUTmDhU-00008-00002144-00002258 going to challenge you to do and I'm
D0C3zUTmDhU-00009-00002259-00002438 going to show you the results in just a
D0C3zUTmDhU-00010-00002439-00002668 second I want you to go to Google or go
D0C3zUTmDhU-00011-00002669-00002841 to youtube and search for yourself
D0C3zUTmDhU-00012-00002842-00003118 searched loan officer Facebook ads and
D0C3zUTmDhU-00013-00003119-00003404 see who google says is the number one
D0C3zUTmDhU-00014-00003404-00003626 expert go to youtube and see who YouTube
D0C3zUTmDhU-00015-00003627-00003820 says is the number one expert on loan
D0C3zUTmDhU-00016-00003821-00003986 officer Facebook ads and I'm going to
D0C3zUTmDhU-00017-00003986-00004156 jump in the computer right now and I'm
D0C3zUTmDhU-00018-00004157-00004270 going to show you the results using an
D0C3zUTmDhU-00019-00004271-00004495 incognito search page so you can see for
D0C3zUTmDhU-00020-00004496-00004811 yourself exactly what they say alright
D0C3zUTmDhU-00021-00004812-00004940 cool so I'm going to jump in here and
D0C3zUTmDhU-00022-00004941-00005152 what I'm going to do is go over here to
D0C3zUTmDhU-00023-00005153-00005452 an incognito window alright so that way
D0C3zUTmDhU-00024-00005453-00005750 my search history it's not having any
D0C3zUTmDhU-00025-00005751-00006251 impact on what I'm about to show you I'm
D0C3zUTmDhU-00026-00006252-00006626 gonna pull up Google again alright let's
D0C3zUTmDhU-00027-00006627-00006871 let's see what Google has to say so if
D0C3zUTmDhU-00028-00006872-00007434 we search loan officer Facebook Ads
D0C3zUTmDhU-00029-00007436-00007814 right number one is my ultimate guide to
D0C3zUTmDhU-00030-00007815-00008067 loan officer Facebook Ads number two is
D0C3zUTmDhU-00031-00008068-00008570 my loan officer FAQ number four is my
D0C3zUTmDhU-00032-00008571-00008953 case study number five and six and seven
D0C3zUTmDhU-00033-00008954-00009374 are my videos all right so that's what
D0C3zUTmDhU-00034-00009375-00009599 Google has to say let's go over to
D0C3zUTmDhU-00035-00009600-00010382 YouTube and see what YouTube says
D0C3zUTmDhU-00036-00010383-00010779 the insane serfs loan officer Facebook
D0C3zUTmDhU-00037-00010780-00011187 Ads right you can see right there number
D0C3zUTmDhU-00038-00011188-00011580 one and number two are both me as you
D0C3zUTmDhU-00039-00011581-00011646 come down
D0C3zUTmDhU-00040-00011647-00011835 whoever this dude is stole my video Doug
D0C3zUTmDhU-00041-00011836-00012081 chin thanks a lot Doug there you go
D0C3zUTmDhU-00042-00012082-00012261 again look you can't mistake that face
D0C3zUTmDhU-00043-00012262-00012537 right there right all right it was my
D0C3zUTmDhU-00044-00012538-00012717 list there's me again all these black
D0C3zUTmDhU-00045-00012718-00012927 guns right here of mine right so you can
D0C3zUTmDhU-00046-00012928-00013362 just see here okay look at that guy all
D0C3zUTmDhU-00047-00013363-00013697 right so that's what YouTube has to say
D0C3zUTmDhU-00048-00013699-00013815 pretty awesome results right I don't
D0C3zUTmDhU-00049-00013816-00013950 know maybe you saw somebody that kind of
D0C3zUTmDhU-00050-00013951-00014154 looks like this so if you did and you
D0C3zUTmDhU-00051-00014155-00014291 want to hire somebody that can help you
D0C3zUTmDhU-00052-00014293-00014460 run your loan officer Facebook ads you
D0C3zUTmDhU-00053-00014461-00014580 don't want to learn by yourself you're
D0C3zUTmDhU-00054-00014581-00014697 not interested in joining my program
D0C3zUTmDhU-00055-00014697-00014934 mortgage marketing mastery and learning
D0C3zUTmDhU-00056-00014935-00015057 it for yourself you just want to focus
D0C3zUTmDhU-00057-00015058-00015282 on what you do best and you just want to
D0C3zUTmDhU-00058-00015283-00015405 have the leads coming in you want my
D0C3zUTmDhU-00059-00015406-00015563 team to handle that for you then go
D0C3zUTmDhU-00060-00015565-00015786 ahead shoot us a message and let's chat
D0C3zUTmDhU-00061-00015787-00016125 about the details all right see it
D1kP6I8bnmy-00000-00000383-00000574 welcome to the australian national
D1kP6I8bnmy-00001-00000575-00000874 university is big picture series my name
D1kP6I8bnmy-00002-00000875-00001057 is Sean Innes I have the privilege of
D1kP6I8bnmy-00003-00001058-00001273 leading the university's public policy
D1kP6I8bnmy-00004-00001274-00001552 and societal impact hub today I am
D1kP6I8bnmy-00005-00001553-00001750 joining you from the beautiful lands of
D1kP6I8bnmy-00006-00001751-00002001 the Ngunnawal and Ambree people and I'd
D1kP6I8bnmy-00007-00002002-00002234 like to pay my respects to elder's past
D1kP6I8bnmy-00008-00002235-00002539 present and future and extend those
D1kP6I8bnmy-00009-00002540-00003046 respects to the First Nations of all the
D1kP6I8bnmy-00010-00003047-00003306 lands in Australia and beyond throughout
D1kP6I8bnmy-00011-00003307-00003615 the world the big picture series is part
D1kP6I8bnmy-00012-00003617-00003906 of the 2020 Anu Crawford Leadership
D1kP6I8bnmy-00013-00003907-00004245 Forum it is designed to stimulate ideas
D1kP6I8bnmy-00014-00004246-00004509 and discussion around the issues that
D1kP6I8bnmy-00015-00004510-00004765 will really define our world into the
D1kP6I8bnmy-00016-00004766-00005083 future today's event is focused on
D1kP6I8bnmy-00017-00005084-00005361 global public health and there can be no
D1kP6I8bnmy-00018-00005362-00005656 more important topic confronting the
D1kP6I8bnmy-00019-00005657-00005925 world right now the pandemic that's
D1kP6I8bnmy-00020-00005926-00006225 sweeping through the world has changed
D1kP6I8bnmy-00021-00006226-00006741 the way we live it is something that a
D1kP6I8bnmy-00022-00006742-00007048 year ago for all the planning that some
D1kP6I8bnmy-00023-00007048-00007323 countries have done has come as a bit of
D1kP6I8bnmy-00024-00007325-00007690 a shock almost every nation rich and
D1kP6I8bnmy-00025-00007691-00008014 poor has worked quickly to protect their
D1kP6I8bnmy-00026-00008015-00008271 people from the virus but not all
D1kP6I8bnmy-00027-00008272-00008608 success has varied as have the social
D1kP6I8bnmy-00028-00008609-00009025 and economic consequences as we move
D1kP6I8bnmy-00029-00009026-00009336 forward perhaps our biggest challenge is
D1kP6I8bnmy-00030-00009337-00009583 both in the prevention of future
D1kP6I8bnmy-00031-00009584-00009958 pandemics but also more immediately how
D1kP6I8bnmy-00032-00009959-00010312 the world distributes and manufactures
D1kP6I8bnmy-00033-00010313-00010732 an effective cure or vaccine should one
D1kP6I8bnmy-00034-00010733-00010990 be found it's a challenge that I think
D1kP6I8bnmy-00035-00010991-00011263 the panel that we have today is
D1kP6I8bnmy-00036-00011264-00011872 well-placed to talk about our chair is
D1kP6I8bnmy-00037-00011873-00012103 the wonderful Lindell stress Daan's
D1kP6I8bnmy-00038-00012104-00012322 director of the research school of
D1kP6I8bnmy-00039-00012323-00012630 public health public health at
D1kP6I8bnmy-00040-00012631-00012855 population health rather at the
D1kP6I8bnmy-00041-00012856-00013021 University
D1kP6I8bnmy-00042-00013022-00013284 Lindell is joined by a Jane Philpott
D1kP6I8bnmy-00043-00013285-00013683 Jane is former Minister of Health in can
D1kP6I8bnmy-00044-00013684-00013953 and will soon be taking up position as
D1kP6I8bnmy-00045-00013954-00014130 dean of the Faculty of Health Sciences
D1kP6I8bnmy-00046-00014131-00014514 at Queen's University associate
D1kP6I8bnmy-00047-00014515-00014875 professor camelina luge leads the
D1kP6I8bnmy-00048-00014876-00015219 humanitarian health research initiative
D1kP6I8bnmy-00049-00015220-00015420 at the ANU College of Health and
D1kP6I8bnmy-00050-00015421-00015799 medicine camelina Camille Ernie has
D1kP6I8bnmy-00051-00015800-00016041 considerable first-hand experience of
D1kP6I8bnmy-00052-00016043-00016317 responding to panic pandemics from her
D1kP6I8bnmy-00053-00016318-00016587 time as a physician with a range of
D1kP6I8bnmy-00054-00016588-00016890 international organizations ticky
D1kP6I8bnmy-00055-00016891-00016983 pangestu
D1kP6I8bnmy-00056-00016984-00017200 is professor at the Lee Kuan Yew School
D1kP6I8bnmy-00057-00017201-00017533 of Public Policy in the National
D1kP6I8bnmy-00058-00017534-00017752 University of Singapore ticky is a
D1kP6I8bnmy-00059-00017753-00018015 former head of research policy and
D1kP6I8bnmy-00060-00018016-00018453 coordination at the w-h-o and we also
D1kP6I8bnmy-00061-00018454-00018739 have Amanda Glassman executive vice
D1kP6I8bnmy-00062-00018740-00018958 president and senior fellow Center for
D1kP6I8bnmy-00063-00018959-00019218 Global Development Amanda has more than
D1kP6I8bnmy-00064-00019219-00019506 25 years of experience working on health
D1kP6I8bnmy-00065-00019507-00019755 and social protection policy and
D1kP6I8bnmy-00066-00019756-00019992 programs in Latin America and elsewhere
D1kP6I8bnmy-00067-00019993-00020296 in the developing world for those
D1kP6I8bnmy-00068-00020297-00020550 watching the broadcast today I encourage
D1kP6I8bnmy-00069-00020551-00020878 you to submit questions to our panel
D1kP6I8bnmy-00070-00020879-00021124 throughout the discussion using the Q&A
D1kP6I8bnmy-00071-00021125-00021421 function in your toolbar I think that's
D1kP6I8bnmy-00072-00021422-00021649 enough me really keen to hear from the
D1kP6I8bnmy-00073-00021650-00021975 panel so over the You Lindell ah Thank
D1kP6I8bnmy-00074-00021976-00022252 You Sean and I would first welcome and
D1kP6I8bnmy-00075-00022253-00022753 echo and our gratitude of being able to
D1kP6I8bnmy-00076-00022754-00023046 conduct this webinar on the lands of the
D1kP6I8bnmy-00077-00023047-00023346 Gambia and Gunnar wall people and our
D1kP6I8bnmy-00078-00023347-00023539 gratitude to those people and to all
D1kP6I8bnmy-00079-00023540-00023853 First Nations people and I'd also echo
D1kP6I8bnmy-00080-00023854-00024150 your your admiration of this panel which
D1kP6I8bnmy-00081-00024151-00024444 I share and it really is an honor to be
D1kP6I8bnmy-00082-00024445-00024597 part of this process
D1kP6I8bnmy-00083-00024598-00024855 talking with such fine minds and
D1kP6I8bnmy-00084-00024856-00025065 thinkers who have been grappling with
D1kP6I8bnmy-00085-00025066-00025356 these issues not just now but over
D1kP6I8bnmy-00086-00025357-00025745 decades so thank you oh you know I think
D1kP6I8bnmy-00087-00025746-00026152 you make a good point Sean that we are
D1kP6I8bnmy-00088-00026152-00026455 seeing a real patterning of how this
D1kP6I8bnmy-00089-00026456-00026676 pandemic is playing out across countries
D1kP6I8bnmy-00090-00026677-00026887 and it's true that the country's most
D1kP6I8bnmy-00091-00026888-00027008 hit
D1kP6I8bnmy-00092-00027008-00027251 have have so far been in the Americas
D1kP6I8bnmy-00093-00027252-00027583 and in Europe but it's it's a there's a
D1kP6I8bnmy-00094-00027585-00027788 long way to go yet and the patterning
D1kP6I8bnmy-00095-00027789-00027872 that we're seeing
D1kP6I8bnmy-00096-00027873-00028139 although affluence may have started this
D1kP6I8bnmy-00097-00028139-00028385 pandemic through travel the patterning
D1kP6I8bnmy-00098-00028386-00028610 we're seeing is showing up different
D1kP6I8bnmy-00099-00028611-00029083 cracks and seams and fault lines and I
D1kP6I8bnmy-00100-00029083-00029389 think here in this country we can be
D1kP6I8bnmy-00101-00029391-00029666 proud of the response that we have had a
D1kP6I8bnmy-00102-00029667-00030014 hundred and two deaths so far and one of
D1kP6I8bnmy-00103-00030014-00030155 the reactions of the Australian
D1kP6I8bnmy-00104-00030156-00030575 Government who was goaded I would say by
D1kP6I8bnmy-00105-00030576-00030770 our public health community and here on
D1kP6I8bnmy-00106-00030770-00030958 our panel are one of the people who was
D1kP6I8bnmy-00107-00030960-00031148 integral to at the australian
D1kP6I8bnmy-00108-00031149-00031360 government's response Carmellini
D1kP6I8bnmy-00109-00031361-00031799 into shutting down early and fast as a
D1kP6I8bnmy-00110-00031800-00032314 way of controlling the pandemic and the
D1kP6I8bnmy-00111-00032316-00032525 recent analyses of this go hard go early
D1kP6I8bnmy-00112-00032526-00032813 approach has shown that it has paid off
D1kP6I8bnmy-00113-00032814-00033040 in terms of its containment but there's
D1kP6I8bnmy-00114-00033041-00033584 a long way to go yet one of the things
D1kP6I8bnmy-00115-00033585-00033860 however that's showing up is that this
D1kP6I8bnmy-00116-00033861-00034136 pandemic is not simply about an
D1kP6I8bnmy-00117-00034137-00034546 infection it's deeply intimately
D1kP6I8bnmy-00118-00034547-00034946 connected to inequality in both how it
D1kP6I8bnmy-00119-00034947-00035198 starts who gets it and then who bears
D1kP6I8bnmy-00120-00035199-00035501 the consequences homelessness domestic
D1kP6I8bnmy-00121-00035502-00035756 violence the mistreatment of children
D1kP6I8bnmy-00122-00035757-00036254 and women the issues that have the
D1kP6I8bnmy-00123-00036255-00036560 acceleration of racism all of which are
D1kP6I8bnmy-00124-00036561-00036800 showing the seams through which the
D1kP6I8bnmy-00125-00036801-00037258 pandemic is flowing and amplifying what
D1kP6I8bnmy-00126-00037259-00037532 history shows and bears out is that
D1kP6I8bnmy-00127-00037533-00037826 pandemics from the play to the smallpox
D1kP6I8bnmy-00128-00037827-00038225 to covered I reject all not only do they
D1kP6I8bnmy-00129-00038226-00038446 generate social economic upheaval but
D1kP6I8bnmy-00130-00038447-00038771 they amplify inequality as does the
D1kP6I8bnmy-00131-00038772-00039110 response to them and this is a challenge
D1kP6I8bnmy-00132-00039111-00039353 we need to learn from to look for the
D1kP6I8bnmy-00133-00039354-00039659 clues all the countries are different
D1kP6I8bnmy-00134-00039660-00039911 but what could we learn from those
D1kP6I8bnmy-00135-00039912-00040175 countries who are doing this well there
D1kP6I8bnmy-00136-00040176-00040310 are low rates in some
D1kP6I8bnmy-00137-00040311-00040583 some countries like Australia Taiwan New
D1kP6I8bnmy-00138-00040584-00040997 Zealand Kerala in India and their
D1kP6I8bnmy-00139-00040998-00041309 counterpoints Brazil Russia the UK the
D1kP6I8bnmy-00140-00041310-00041645 US what could we learn about leadership
D1kP6I8bnmy-00141-00041646-00042095 about how we think about responses how
D1kP6I8bnmy-00142-00042096-00042407 we plan them how we execute them about
D1kP6I8bnmy-00143-00042408-00042812 the social systems and the stance that
D1kP6I8bnmy-00144-00042813-00043105 governments take towards their citizens
D1kP6I8bnmy-00145-00043106-00043448 so in this panel today we've got a
D1kP6I8bnmy-00146-00043449-00043688 series of questions I will try and weave
D1kP6I8bnmy-00147-00043689-00043898 in some of the questions that are coming
D1kP6I8bnmy-00148-00043899-00044183 up and some have come to us before the
D1kP6I8bnmy-00149-00044184-00044519 webinar but please feel free anyone
D1kP6I8bnmy-00150-00044520-00044843 who's on the webinar to be posting a
D1kP6I8bnmy-00151-00044844-00045083 question and we'll try and weave them in
D1kP6I8bnmy-00152-00045084-00045323 and although my questions are directed
D1kP6I8bnmy-00153-00045324-00045542 to some panelists I invite all panelists
D1kP6I8bnmy-00154-00045543-00046046 to raise their hand and chip in where
D1kP6I8bnmy-00155-00046047-00046235 they want to add their viewpoints
D1kP6I8bnmy-00156-00046236-00046472 because they have a depth that I think
D1kP6I8bnmy-00157-00046473-00046700 we're really seeing brought together
D1kP6I8bnmy-00158-00046701-00047042 before so I'll start with Jane Philpott
D1kP6I8bnmy-00159-00047043-00047210 who's the former Canadian Health
D1kP6I8bnmy-00160-00047211-00047486 Minister Dean of Faculty of Health
D1kP6I8bnmy-00161-00047487-00047627 Sciences and director of the School of
D1kP6I8bnmy-00162-00047628-00048005 Medicine in Queens University and I Jane
D1kP6I8bnmy-00163-00048006-00048302 I would like to hear your views about
D1kP6I8bnmy-00164-00048303-00048661 how will this pandemic change the way
D1kP6I8bnmy-00165-00048662-00048986 global health challenges this and others
D1kP6I8bnmy-00166-00048987-00049549 are met for better for worse or for whom
D1kP6I8bnmy-00167-00049550-00049787 well thank you so much Linda for the
D1kP6I8bnmy-00168-00049788-00050087 question and thank you to all those who
D1kP6I8bnmy-00169-00050088-00050279 have put this webinar together it's
D1kP6I8bnmy-00170-00050280-00050516 certainly a fascinating conversation and
D1kP6I8bnmy-00171-00050517-00050699 I think that the context that you have
D1kP6I8bnmy-00172-00050700-00051001 set for the conversation around
D1kP6I8bnmy-00173-00051002-00051626 inequality as a real determinants of
D1kP6I8bnmy-00174-00051627-00051983 where this this pandemic continues to
D1kP6I8bnmy-00175-00051984-00052226 move but in terms of your question about
D1kP6I8bnmy-00176-00052227-00052579 what the virus will do to the broader
D1kP6I8bnmy-00177-00052580-00052733 picture of global health I think that's
D1kP6I8bnmy-00178-00052734-00053063 a fascinating place to start because we
D1kP6I8bnmy-00179-00053064-00053380 are increasingly hearing concern
D1kP6I8bnmy-00180-00053382-00053549 expressed from
D1kP6I8bnmy-00181-00053550-00053885 many communities many countries about
D1kP6I8bnmy-00182-00053886-00054203 what this pandemic is going to do to the
D1kP6I8bnmy-00183-00054204-00054545 big pillars the big concerns that we've
D1kP6I8bnmy-00184-00054546-00054926 always tried to prioritize and Global
D1kP6I8bnmy-00185-00054927-00055103 Health circles and you think of course
D1kP6I8bnmy-00186-00055104-00055409 of HIV tuberculosis and malaria being
D1kP6I8bnmy-00187-00055410-00055741 the the top three killers that that
D1kP6I8bnmy-00188-00055742-00055997 global efforts have traditionally tried
D1kP6I8bnmy-00189-00055998-00056219 to focus upon but of course chronic
D1kP6I8bnmy-00190-00056220-00056429 diseases as well has to fall into that
D1kP6I8bnmy-00191-00056429-00056605 and I think one of the challenges that
D1kP6I8bnmy-00192-00056607-00056903 we've seen in higher income countries
D1kP6I8bnmy-00193-00056904-00057101 but it actually is the is affected
D1kP6I8bnmy-00194-00057102-00057302 around the world is that the great
D1kP6I8bnmy-00195-00057303-00057587 covent shift or the Kovan ization
D1kP6I8bnmy-00196-00057588-00057929 of all spheres of health systems whether
D1kP6I8bnmy-00197-00057929-00058463 it be clinical care or research COBIT
D1kP6I8bnmy-00198-00058464-00058670 has has led to a tremendous shift which
D1kP6I8bnmy-00199-00058671-00058901 means that that all of those resources
D1kP6I8bnmy-00200-00058902-00059486 the energy the research the ability to
D1kP6I8bnmy-00201-00059487-00059735 scale has been taken away from other
D1kP6I8bnmy-00202-00059736-00059917 areas and there is going to be an
D1kP6I8bnmy-00203-00059919-00060091 extraordinary amount of collateral
D1kP6I8bnmy-00204-00060092-00060386 damage we're already seeing indications
D1kP6I8bnmy-00205-00060387-00060596 of the excess mortality that's taking
D1kP6I8bnmy-00206-00060597-00060851 place in many other parts of the system
D1kP6I8bnmy-00207-00060852-00061079 and that's highly problematic and
D1kP6I8bnmy-00208-00061079-00061247 something that we need to be very
D1kP6I8bnmy-00209-00061248-00061417 mindful of certainly we're seeing a
D1kP6I8bnmy-00210-00061419-00061733 shift of resources from the funding
D1kP6I8bnmy-00211-00061734-00062005 global funding streams in the charitable
D1kP6I8bnmy-00212-00062007-00062294 sector the foreign aid sector there's a
D1kP6I8bnmy-00213-00062295-00062648 shifting of money moving into Cova and
D1kP6I8bnmy-00214-00062649-00062929 and we're dropping off altogether but
D1kP6I8bnmy-00215-00062930-00063326 also shifting of research focus shifting
D1kP6I8bnmy-00216-00063327-00063569 of course of what health systems are
D1kP6I8bnmy-00217-00063570-00063812 making available to people where people
D1kP6I8bnmy-00218-00063813-00064037 being turned away from healthcare
D1kP6I8bnmy-00219-00064038-00064216 facilities around the world if they're
D1kP6I8bnmy-00220-00064217-00064424 not there for purposes of assessment of
D1kP6I8bnmy-00221-00064425-00064772 kovat and then starting even to see
D1kP6I8bnmy-00222-00064773-00065177 indications of how supplies are being
D1kP6I8bnmy-00223-00065178-00065360 increasingly urbanized there was an
D1kP6I8bnmy-00224-00065361-00065495 interesting piece in The Lancet last
D1kP6I8bnmy-00225-00065496-00066082 week that talked about laboratory
D1kP6I8bnmy-00226-00066083-00066380 techniques and and the the reagents and
D1kP6I8bnmy-00227-00066381-00066650 everything that is not only are all the
D1kP6I8bnmy-00228-00066651-00066791 manufacturing
D1kP6I8bnmy-00229-00066792-00067148 moving towards supplying the Koopa needs
D1kP6I8bnmy-00230-00067149-00067487 but also actually repurposing testing
D1kP6I8bnmy-00231-00067488-00067655 kits that would have normally been used
D1kP6I8bnmy-00232-00067656-00068054 for testing HIV or something else now
D1kP6I8bnmy-00233-00068055-00068315 starting to be it be repurposed for
D1kP6I8bnmy-00234-00068316-00068609 their for kovat so this is going to take
D1kP6I8bnmy-00235-00068610-00068912 a lot of a lot of work to get our heads
D1kP6I8bnmy-00236-00068913-00069185 around how we actually address this
D1kP6I8bnmy-00237-00069186-00069479 ongoing very dangerous pandemic but
D1kP6I8bnmy-00238-00069480-00069746 don't take our eye off the ball on these
D1kP6I8bnmy-00239-00069747-00069937 other extraordinary global health
D1kP6I8bnmy-00240-00069938-00070138 challenges that people have been working
D1kP6I8bnmy-00241-00070139-00070456 on for a very long time
D1kP6I8bnmy-00242-00070457-00070835 thank you Jane and I think what's become
D1kP6I8bnmy-00243-00070836-00071204 clear in this pandemic is that health
D1kP6I8bnmy-00244-00071205-00071611 without health there is nothing else and
D1kP6I8bnmy-00245-00071612-00071929 that that we could shut down everything
D1kP6I8bnmy-00246-00071930-00072218 unimaginable shift in how we think about
D1kP6I8bnmy-00247-00072219-00072469 how societies function to respond to
D1kP6I8bnmy-00248-00072470-00072611 health and I think what you're saying is
D1kP6I8bnmy-00249-00072612-00072856 that health won't change won't go away
D1kP6I8bnmy-00250-00072857-00073438 once the pandemic is is controlled it
D1kP6I8bnmy-00251-00073439-00073736 sits there and in Tucson except I think
D1kP6I8bnmy-00252-00073737-00073937 you're suggesting it may in fact be
D1kP6I8bnmy-00253-00073938-00074468 expanding so ticky you're a professor of
D1kP6I8bnmy-00254-00074469-00074818 Public Policy you've had a long
D1kP6I8bnmy-00255-00074819-00075013 engagement with the World Health
D1kP6I8bnmy-00256-00075014-00075338 Organization how do you think this
D1kP6I8bnmy-00257-00075339-00075680 pandemic and if you like the kind of the
D1kP6I8bnmy-00258-00075681-00076085 surfacing of so many other problems
D1kP6I8bnmy-00259-00076086-00076463 around health and social equality how
D1kP6I8bnmy-00260-00076464-00076638 will that change governance and the
D1kP6I8bnmy-00261-00076639-00076862 systems are the health system and the
D1kP6I8bnmy-00262-00076863-00077066 cooperation between as well as within
D1kP6I8bnmy-00263-00077067-00077500 Nations how what what do we need to
D1kP6I8bnmy-00264-00077501-00077723 learn about these connections between
D1kP6I8bnmy-00265-00077724-00078271 the pandemic other health inequality
D1kP6I8bnmy-00266-00078272-00078812 global relations okay thank you very
D1kP6I8bnmy-00267-00078813-00079126 much Linda for this opportunity to
D1kP6I8bnmy-00268-00079127-00079351 participate in this forum it's
D1kP6I8bnmy-00269-00079352-00079568 particular pleasure for me because I'm
D1kP6I8bnmy-00270-00079569-00079826 actually in alumni of the
D1kP6I8bnmy-00271-00079827-00080093 you and the great pleasure of actually
D1kP6I8bnmy-00272-00080094-00080397 receiving my degree from John Crawford
D1kP6I8bnmy-00273-00080398-00080748 himself when he was vice chancellor back
D1kP6I8bnmy-00274-00080749-00081206 in 1977 so particularly pleasure to be
D1kP6I8bnmy-00275-00081207-00081498 here today it also to your question yes
D1kP6I8bnmy-00276-00081499-00081719 I think definitely there will be changes
D1kP6I8bnmy-00277-00081720-00082086 in governance systems and cooperation in
D1kP6I8bnmy-00278-00082087-00082298 the context of governance if I take an
D1kP6I8bnmy-00279-00082299-00082734 example of Singapore the optimal
D1kP6I8bnmy-00280-00082735-00083099 responses has always involved multi
D1kP6I8bnmy-00281-00083100-00083478 ministry task force's going across all
D1kP6I8bnmy-00282-00083479-00083622 the line ministries
D1kP6I8bnmy-00283-00083623-00083906 not just health so I think that's one
D1kP6I8bnmy-00284-00083907-00084143 lesson from many countries in the region
D1kP6I8bnmy-00285-00084144-00084581 I think systems must be able to to to
D1kP6I8bnmy-00286-00084582-00084917 react rapidly to any fires that might
D1kP6I8bnmy-00287-00084918-00085106 sort of come up in the future
D1kP6I8bnmy-00288-00085107-00085280 and we've seen that that's already
D1kP6I8bnmy-00289-00085281-00085601 happening in places like like Korea so I
D1kP6I8bnmy-00290-00085602-00085931 think systems must be more responsive as
D1kP6I8bnmy-00291-00085932-00086292 well as of course being robust and going
D1kP6I8bnmy-00292-00086293-00086547 back to what Jane just said to make sure
D1kP6I8bnmy-00293-00086548-00086721 that other public health problems are
D1kP6I8bnmy-00294-00086722-00087074 not neglected okay and just to add to to
D1kP6I8bnmy-00295-00087075-00087392 to what Jane said Singapore you know
D1kP6I8bnmy-00296-00087393-00087642 which has had a very good response to -
D1kP6I8bnmy-00297-00087643-00088175 - Cove in its drug dealing with my with
D1kP6I8bnmy-00298-00088176-00088481 with what might be one of the biggest
D1kP6I8bnmy-00299-00088482-00088631 dengue outbreaks
D1kP6I8bnmy-00300-00088632-00088888 you know because partly because of this
D1kP6I8bnmy-00301-00088889-00089397 diversity diversion of resources I like
D1kP6I8bnmy-00302-00089398-00090001 what Jane referred to as Kobe ization of
D1kP6I8bnmy-00303-00090002-00090315 resources so I think you know those
D1kP6I8bnmy-00304-00090316-00090517 other problems should not be neglected
D1kP6I8bnmy-00305-00090518-00090779 other infectious diseases and my other
D1kP6I8bnmy-00306-00090780-00091079 worry is a reduction in childhood
D1kP6I8bnmy-00307-00091080-00091349 vaccination rates I think that's another
D1kP6I8bnmy-00308-00091350-00091890 risk of health system being Providence
D1kP6I8bnmy-00309-00091891-00092225 the way Jane put it as well of course
D1kP6I8bnmy-00310-00092226-00092579 has chronic diseases and also mental
D1kP6I8bnmy-00311-00092580-00092837 health and psychological problems post
D1kP6I8bnmy-00312-00092838-00093111 lockdowns we are saying that in all
D1kP6I8bnmy-00313-00093112-00093194 countries
D1kP6I8bnmy-00314-00093195-00093390 so that's in the context of systems
D1kP6I8bnmy-00315-00093391-00093534 there the context of cooperation
D1kP6I8bnmy-00316-00093535-00093786 cooperation that part of your question I
D1kP6I8bnmy-00317-00093787-00094037 think what the world has witnessed you
D1kP6I8bnmy-00318-00094038-00094197 this pandemic it's not so much an
D1kP6I8bnmy-00319-00094198-00094509 indictment of globalization but I think
D1kP6I8bnmy-00320-00094510-00094868 I reaffirm ation of interdependence
D1kP6I8bnmy-00321-00094869-00095132 among nations so you know highlighting
D1kP6I8bnmy-00322-00095133-00095342 the need for collective commitment
D1kP6I8bnmy-00323-00095343-00095673 towards actions that in the future will
D1kP6I8bnmy-00324-00095674-00095894 deal with it and having work as part of
D1kP6I8bnmy-00325-00095895-00096105 the United Nations system I still
D1kP6I8bnmy-00326-00096106-00096372 believe that that multilateralism in the
D1kP6I8bnmy-00327-00096373-00096626 long term is still the way to go despite
D1kP6I8bnmy-00328-00096627-00096851 its problems the second part of your
D1kP6I8bnmy-00329-00096852-00097130 question is obviously the very important
D1kP6I8bnmy-00330-00097131-00097481 one in the context of this so-called new
D1kP6I8bnmy-00331-00097482-00097694 normal I think equity issues are
D1kP6I8bnmy-00332-00097695-00097913 paramount and I think the key to your
D1kP6I8bnmy-00333-00097914-00098309 question is how do we deal with sort of
D1kP6I8bnmy-00334-00098310-00098790 infections and inequality and basically
D1kP6I8bnmy-00335-00098791-00099159 that that's that's a top one and I think
D1kP6I8bnmy-00336-00099160-00099581 what we really need to be cognizant of
D1kP6I8bnmy-00337-00099582-00099954 is you know how do you take care of the
D1kP6I8bnmy-00338-00099955-00100209 disadvantaged and the vulnerable
D1kP6I8bnmy-00339-00100210-00100434 segments of society the next time this
D1kP6I8bnmy-00340-00100435-00100641 happens we've already mentioned this you
D1kP6I8bnmy-00341-00100642-00100854 know the poor the homeless the elderly
D1kP6I8bnmy-00342-00100855-00101241 the women the minorities migrant workers
D1kP6I8bnmy-00343-00101242-00101511 for example Singapore has had to deal
D1kP6I8bnmy-00344-00101512-00101780 with that problem in particular of
D1kP6I8bnmy-00345-00101781-00102123 migrant workers and and I think you know
D1kP6I8bnmy-00346-00102124-00102305 all these people they are not on the
D1kP6I8bnmy-00347-00102306-00102621 radar screen you you ask the question is
D1kP6I8bnmy-00348-00102622-00102878 you know what woody what do we need to
D1kP6I8bnmy-00349-00102879-00103193 learn and quickly and and and what can
D1kP6I8bnmy-00350-00103194-00103484 we do differently I just have three sort
D1kP6I8bnmy-00351-00103485-00103823 of very specific ideas on that score
D1kP6I8bnmy-00352-00103824-00104084 sort of disadvantaged people who are
D1kP6I8bnmy-00353-00104085-00104424 left out firstly the idea of looking at
D1kP6I8bnmy-00354-00104425-00104858 emergency cash programs as one immediate
D1kP6I8bnmy-00355-00104858-00105156 response secondly the idea of
D1kP6I8bnmy-00356-00105157-00105335 identifying
D1kP6I8bnmy-00357-00105336-00105686 and registry these people for government
D1kP6I8bnmy-00358-00105688-00106149 safety net programs and and finally some
D1kP6I8bnmy-00359-00106150-00106563 of the development sort of cash transfer
D1kP6I8bnmy-00360-00106564-00106784 programs for the majority with these
D1kP6I8bnmy-00361-00106785-00107036 people who don't have bank accounts okay
D1kP6I8bnmy-00362-00107038-00107370 and this is where I would like to look
D1kP6I8bnmy-00363-00107371-00107691 to one of your earlier suggestions where
D1kP6I8bnmy-00364-00107692-00107936 the private sector can make a
D1kP6I8bnmy-00365-00107938-00108161 particularly important role here you
D1kP6I8bnmy-00366-00108163-00108333 know when you say cash transfer for the
D1kP6I8bnmy-00367-00108333-00108504 unbanked you're talking about
D1kP6I8bnmy-00368-00108505-00108825 innovations for cash transfer and this
D1kP6I8bnmy-00369-00108826-00109020 is where the private sector those
D1kP6I8bnmy-00370-00109021-00109280 companies working in the area of FinTech
D1kP6I8bnmy-00371-00109281-00109683 FinTech and digital banking huge amount
D1kP6I8bnmy-00372-00109683-00109974 of experience and innovation there that
D1kP6I8bnmy-00373-00109975-00110274 perhaps can be used in future to take
D1kP6I8bnmy-00374-00110275-00110633 care and reduce the inequality of this
D1kP6I8bnmy-00375-00110634-00110909 large group of vulnerable people that as
D1kP6I8bnmy-00376-00110910-00111096 we can see many of the low and
D1kP6I8bnmy-00377-00111097-00111264 middle-income countries have been
D1kP6I8bnmy-00378-00111265-00111525 disproportionately affected by the
D1kP6I8bnmy-00379-00111526-00111840 pandemic so back to you Lee Miller I'll
D1kP6I8bnmy-00380-00111841-00112026 leave it at that then maybe add a few
D1kP6I8bnmy-00381-00112027-00112380 points later Oh wonderful thank you
D1kP6I8bnmy-00382-00112381-00112704 ticky and you know what I'm hearing you
D1kP6I8bnmy-00383-00112705-00112958 say is that to some extent the capacity
D1kP6I8bnmy-00384-00112959-00113159 to work across government but also to
D1kP6I8bnmy-00385-00113160-00113418 mobilize government are you talking
D1kP6I8bnmy-00386-00113419-00113708 about cash transfers a welfare payment
D1kP6I8bnmy-00387-00113709-00114015 safety nets all of that requires a
D1kP6I8bnmy-00388-00114016-00114300 strong government exactly and a deep
D1kP6I8bnmy-00389-00114301-00114536 government and a government that is well
D1kP6I8bnmy-00390-00114538-00114864 well developed and well connected to
D1kP6I8bnmy-00391-00114865-00115095 it's a community so that's an
D1kP6I8bnmy-00392-00115096-00115319 interesting observation
D1kP6I8bnmy-00393-00115320-00115791 around the role of the state in its
D1kP6I8bnmy-00394-00115792-00116052 response as well as the stance of the
D1kP6I8bnmy-00395-00116053-00116434 state in its response Cavallini
D1kP6I8bnmy-00396-00116435-00116700 you are I would probably say a
D1kP6I8bnmy-00397-00116701-00117063 humanitarian health legend and working
D1kP6I8bnmy-00398-00117064-00117350 so deeply and closely with some of the
D1kP6I8bnmy-00399-00117351-00118009 toughest humanitarian crises from Ebola
D1kP6I8bnmy-00400-00118010-00118358 sub-saharan Africa you have seen and
D1kP6I8bnmy-00401-00118359-00118679 worked with the suffering of these
D1kP6I8bnmy-00402-00118680-00118898 people and the marginalized and the
D1kP6I8bnmy-00403-00118899-00119354 poorest firsthand what do you think we
D1kP6I8bnmy-00404-00119355-00119678 could learn about controlling the spread
D1kP6I8bnmy-00405-00119679-00120215 of infection and inequality and how
D1kP6I8bnmy-00406-00120216-00120464 might we best do this and I'll read out
D1kP6I8bnmy-00407-00120465-00120799 a question from one of our participants
D1kP6I8bnmy-00408-00120800-00121190 who I think clearly resonates with your
D1kP6I8bnmy-00409-00121191-00121573 own insights the question is
D1kP6I8bnmy-00410-00121574-00121833 international support during the crisis
D1kP6I8bnmy-00411-00121833-00122048 based on my experience working in Sierra
D1kP6I8bnmy-00412-00122049-00122399 Leone which was essentially beaten by
D1kP6I8bnmy-00413-00122400-00122607 mobile for the Ebola crisis which was
D1kP6I8bnmy-00414-00122608-00122781 essentially beaten by mobilizing
D1kP6I8bnmy-00415-00122782-00123124 national resources and local strategies
D1kP6I8bnmy-00416-00123125-00123409 to break the transmission change
D1kP6I8bnmy-00417-00123410-00123770 changing behavior at the community level
D1kP6I8bnmy-00418-00123771-00124025 flying in large numbers of international
D1kP6I8bnmy-00419-00124026-00124214 experts and resources into a handful of
D1kP6I8bnmy-00420-00124215-00124490 Western F West African countries was a
D1kP6I8bnmy-00421-00124491-00124806 secondary success factor does the covert
D1kP6I8bnmy-00422-00124807-00125075 19 crisis also demonstrate the need to
D1kP6I8bnmy-00423-00125076-00125285 work more with local leaders to reduce
D1kP6I8bnmy-00424-00125286-00125579 unsafe behavior and break transmission
D1kP6I8bnmy-00425-00125580-00125834 chains as everyone said it's an honor to
D1kP6I8bnmy-00426-00125835-00126011 be on this panel and have the
D1kP6I8bnmy-00427-00126012-00126353 opportunity to discuss with colleagues
D1kP6I8bnmy-00428-00126354-00126641 Otis's and thank you for that question I
D1kP6I8bnmy-00429-00126642-00126983 love the question because it's I think
D1kP6I8bnmy-00430-00126983-00127340 what what I've learned over decades of
D1kP6I8bnmy-00431-00127341-00127559 doing this work is that communities are
D1kP6I8bnmy-00432-00127560-00127794 the ones who solve whatever problem you
D1kP6I8bnmy-00433-00127795-00128090 happen that's true for pandemics as much
D1kP6I8bnmy-00434-00128091-00128459 as anything else and in some ways what's
D1kP6I8bnmy-00435-00128460-00128702 what it's even clearer
D1kP6I8bnmy-00436-00128703-00128958 you know maternal mortality perhaps you
D1kP6I8bnmy-00437-00128958-00129233 can you know you you you don't make the
D1kP6I8bnmy-00438-00129234-00129432 connection so easily and so we can
D1kP6I8bnmy-00439-00129433-00129635 continue attributing problems to this
D1kP6I8bnmy-00440-00129636-00129914 and that without saying it's there
D1kP6I8bnmy-00441-00129915-00130091 because the community is not empowered
D1kP6I8bnmy-00442-00130092-00130175 and engaged
D1kP6I8bnmy-00443-00130176-00130347 whereas when you've got an infectious
D1kP6I8bnmy-00444-00130348-00130548 disease that is passed from person to
D1kP6I8bnmy-00445-00130549-00130814 person it's obvious that if the
D1kP6I8bnmy-00446-00130815-00131033 community is not leading the response
D1kP6I8bnmy-00447-00131034-00131247 you'll not control the disease and I've
D1kP6I8bnmy-00448-00131248-00131441 seen that I've seen communities that
D1kP6I8bnmy-00449-00131442-00131709 have nothing you know no running water
D1kP6I8bnmy-00450-00131710-00132029 control diseases like Ebola because they
D1kP6I8bnmy-00451-00132030-00132063 were
D1kP6I8bnmy-00452-00132064-00132300 together and they they knew what they
D1kP6I8bnmy-00453-00132301-00132561 had to do at the same time we've seen
D1kP6I8bnmy-00454-00132562-00132840 very developed countries struggling with
D1kP6I8bnmy-00455-00132841-00133167 you know there's the best state of the
D1kP6I8bnmy-00456-00133168-00133479 art health technology because their
D1kP6I8bnmy-00457-00133480-00133686 communities are not engaged they're not
D1kP6I8bnmy-00458-00133687-00134259 working as one so I think what being
D1kP6I8bnmy-00459-00134260-00134457 involved in the West African Ebola
D1kP6I8bnmy-00460-00134458-00134709 outbreak made clear to me just like the
D1kP6I8bnmy-00461-00134710-00134949 many of all outbreaks and infectious
D1kP6I8bnmy-00462-00134950-00135171 diseases outbreaks I've worked on before
D1kP6I8bnmy-00463-00135172-00135566 is that unless communities understand
D1kP6I8bnmy-00464-00135567-00135984 their central role in control unless
D1kP6I8bnmy-00465-00135985-00136374 their their priorities and needs are
D1kP6I8bnmy-00466-00136375-00136578 integrated into the response you will
D1kP6I8bnmy-00467-00136579-00136800 neck do not get control and that's
D1kP6I8bnmy-00468-00136801-00137010 something I think developed countries
D1kP6I8bnmy-00469-00137011-00137262 have had to learn you know developing
D1kP6I8bnmy-00470-00137263-00137640 countries know this whether they choose
D1kP6I8bnmy-00471-00137641-00137886 to to respond that way or not they know
D1kP6I8bnmy-00472-00137887-00138132 that their communities are what guides
D1kP6I8bnmy-00473-00138133-00138675 response and I think you know many many
D1kP6I8bnmy-00474-00138676-00138957 parts of the the developed wealthy world
D1kP6I8bnmy-00475-00138958-00139290 has had to learn this in this pandemic
D1kP6I8bnmy-00476-00139291-00139527 and those who learned quickly other ones
D1kP6I8bnmy-00477-00139528-00139830 who succeeded I just briefly want to go
D1kP6I8bnmy-00478-00139831-00139989 back to some of the discussion before
D1kP6I8bnmy-00479-00139990-00140451 about the covert ization of response and
D1kP6I8bnmy-00480-00140452-00140748 you know my first of all outbreak I did
D1kP6I8bnmy-00481-00140749-00140961 many years ago not because I had a
D1kP6I8bnmy-00482-00140962-00141192 particular interest in Ebola but because
D1kP6I8bnmy-00483-00141193-00141384 I knew until we dealt with Ebola we
D1kP6I8bnmy-00484-00141385-00141573 wouldn't be able to get kids treatment
D1kP6I8bnmy-00485-00141574-00141741 for malaria and pregnant women safe
D1kP6I8bnmy-00486-00141742-00142104 delivery so but what that did teach me
D1kP6I8bnmy-00487-00142105-00142431 is that you can either see it as one or
D1kP6I8bnmy-00488-00142432-00142695 the other or you can look for synergies
D1kP6I8bnmy-00489-00142696-00143025 and you know last year we had the
D1kP6I8bnmy-00490-00143026-00143223 declaration on universal health coverage
D1kP6I8bnmy-00491-00143224-00143526 if every person on this planet has
D1kP6I8bnmy-00492-00143527-00143817 access to essential health care we don't
D1kP6I8bnmy-00493-00143818-00143973 have to discuss how we're going to get
D1kP6I8bnmy-00494-00143974-00144120 the vaccine to them we'll have the
D1kP6I8bnmy-00495-00144121-00144336 system that delivers them if every
D1kP6I8bnmy-00496-00144337-00144597 mother can have safe delivery we will
D1kP6I8bnmy-00497-00144598-00144852 have a health system that can cope with
D1kP6I8bnmy-00498-00144853-00145242 challenges like Ovid so I think our role
D1kP6I8bnmy-00499-00145243-00145452 as Public Health people is to look for
D1kP6I8bnmy-00500-00145453-00145740 those synergies you know we've had a
D1kP6I8bnmy-00501-00145741-00145968 focus on health security as a very
D1kP6I8bnmy-00502-00145969-00146343 vertical vertical thing that you know
D1kP6I8bnmy-00503-00146344-00146799 you do you do your pre pre development
D1kP6I8bnmy-00504-00146800-00147009 of your vaccine and it sits on a
D1kP6I8bnmy-00505-00147010-00147186 shelf till it's a problem for people
D1kP6I8bnmy-00506-00147187-00147411 that matter that's never gonna never
D1kP6I8bnmy-00507-00147412-00147612 going to fix this problem whereas if we
D1kP6I8bnmy-00508-00147613-00148020 find places where investing will deliver
D1kP6I8bnmy-00509-00148021-00148340 for people's problems now we will
D1kP6I8bnmy-00510-00148341-00148620 automatically strengthen what the way we
D1kP6I8bnmy-00511-00148621-00148845 respond to pandemics now and in the
D1kP6I8bnmy-00512-00148846-00149226 future I'll stop there I can keep it oh
D1kP6I8bnmy-00513-00149227-00149385 well actually I'll invite you to keep
D1kP6I8bnmy-00514-00149386-00149538 going just a little bit more Carmellini
D1kP6I8bnmy-00515-00149539-00149874 because you know what I'm what I'm
D1kP6I8bnmy-00516-00149875-00150030 hearing you say is that this the
D1kP6I8bnmy-00517-00150031-00150426 community has the capability but there's
D1kP6I8bnmy-00518-00150427-00150642 there is about there right it's if there
D1kP6I8bnmy-00519-00150643-00150933 if if what are the circumstances that
D1kP6I8bnmy-00520-00150934-00151569 enable those communities to just to lead
D1kP6I8bnmy-00521-00151570-00151791 and what does that tell you about the
D1kP6I8bnmy-00522-00151792-00152043 government's and and the extra the whole
D1kP6I8bnmy-00523-00152044-00152253 social system and the whole social
D1kP6I8bnmy-00524-00152254-00152664 thinking that and the leadership's in in
D1kP6I8bnmy-00525-00152665-00152865 those countries that enable communities
D1kP6I8bnmy-00526-00152866-00153483 to take take that role I think it's
D1kP6I8bnmy-00527-00153484-00153837 trust trust in that you you have
D1kP6I8bnmy-00528-00153838-00154104 expectations of what your government
D1kP6I8bnmy-00529-00154105-00154380 what your health system education system
D1kP6I8bnmy-00530-00154381-00154563 will deliver and if that trust is the
D1kP6I8bnmy-00531-00154564-00155058 you you communities will engage I think
D1kP6I8bnmy-00532-00155059-00155217 where it's challenging is where that
D1kP6I8bnmy-00533-00155218-00155406 trust has been eroded and you need to
D1kP6I8bnmy-00534-00155407-00155574 try and rebuild that trust within the
D1kP6I8bnmy-00535-00155575-00155943 timeframe of a pandemic which is what
D1kP6I8bnmy-00536-00155944-00156222 I've seen and what amazes me is even
D1kP6I8bnmy-00537-00156223-00156483 then you can write communities that have
D1kP6I8bnmy-00538-00156484-00156828 had decades of civil war if if you
D1kP6I8bnmy-00539-00156829-00157101 engage with them in the right way you
D1kP6I8bnmy-00540-00157102-00157626 know yeah I mean I've worked on
D1kP6I8bnmy-00541-00157627-00157863 outbreaks have nineteen year old young
D1kP6I8bnmy-00542-00157864-00158157 men who are literate who but who work
D1kP6I8bnmy-00543-00158158-00158511 with me as disinfection specialists who
D1kP6I8bnmy-00544-00158512-00158816 who you know truly believe that
D1kP6I8bnmy-00545-00158817-00159021 their role is to support their community
D1kP6I8bnmy-00546-00159022-00159183 and respond and that's why I love that
D1kP6I8bnmy-00547-00159184-00159372 question those other people that end
D1kP6I8bnmy-00548-00159373-00159657 pandemics and it's the same in developed
D1kP6I8bnmy-00549-00159658-00159996 countries I think and again the good
D1kP6I8bnmy-00550-00159997-00160160 thing about infectious diseases is that
D1kP6I8bnmy-00551-00160161-00160470 we're as strong as our weakest link
D1kP6I8bnmy-00552-00160471-00161015 if if we as a majority respond but we
D1kP6I8bnmy-00553-00161016-00161358 neglect subpopulations and you know Tiki
D1kP6I8bnmy-00554-00161359-00161636 brought up the example of Singapore
D1kP6I8bnmy-00555-00161637-00161856 Singapore had a strong response but they
D1kP6I8bnmy-00556-00161857-00162021 had a particular subgroup that was
D1kP6I8bnmy-00557-00162022-00162188 neglected that didn't have access to
D1kP6I8bnmy-00558-00162189-00162357 health care didn't have access to
D1kP6I8bnmy-00559-00162358-00162565 welfare so again
D1kP6I8bnmy-00560-00162566-00162791 infectious diseases that's their job
D1kP6I8bnmy-00561-00162792-00163146 it's defined the weaknesses exploit them
D1kP6I8bnmy-00562-00163147-00163545 and I again think it's you know whether
D1kP6I8bnmy-00563-00163546-00163838 whether you care or not about inequality
D1kP6I8bnmy-00564-00163839-00164063 if pragmatically what you want is to
D1kP6I8bnmy-00565-00164064-00164235 solve an outbreak you need to address
D1kP6I8bnmy-00566-00164236-00164507 those things and as public health people
D1kP6I8bnmy-00567-00164508-00164978 instead of you know back to West Africa
D1kP6I8bnmy-00568-00164979-00165357 I still find it it wasn't solved because
D1kP6I8bnmy-00569-00165358-00165602 of a vaccine true towards the end we had
D1kP6I8bnmy-00570-00165603-00165773 a vaccine but many of the trials can
D1kP6I8bnmy-00571-00165774-00165960 continue because there were no cases
D1kP6I8bnmy-00572-00165961-00166112 right we dealt with it because
D1kP6I8bnmy-00573-00166113-00166431 communities you know responded they
D1kP6I8bnmy-00574-00166432-00166604 supported their response they engaged
D1kP6I8bnmy-00575-00166605-00166838 their trust was built with them and
D1kP6I8bnmy-00576-00166839-00167133 between their men response agencies in a
D1kP6I8bnmy-00577-00167134-00167423 similar way I think you know if you look
D1kP6I8bnmy-00578-00167424-00167660 at there's an Ebola outbreak that's been
D1kP6I8bnmy-00579-00167661-00167982 ongoing in DRC for more than a year we
D1kP6I8bnmy-00580-00167983-00168200 have a vaccine what we don't have is a
D1kP6I8bnmy-00581-00168201-00168423 community that trusts those who are
D1kP6I8bnmy-00582-00168424-00168681 delivering the vaccine so vaccine is not
D1kP6I8bnmy-00583-00168682-00168873 the answer technology's not bad it's
D1kP6I8bnmy-00584-00168874-00169187 just a tool it has to build built on a
D1kP6I8bnmy-00585-00169188-00169487 foundation of equitable access to health
D1kP6I8bnmy-00586-00169488-00169865 care and Trust I can't remember if you
D1kP6I8bnmy-00587-00169866-00170118 guys said you're thinking well I think
D1kP6I8bnmy-00588-00170119-00170387 you've uuv so thank you I think that's a
D1kP6I8bnmy-00589-00170388-00170729 beautiful summary and a gives I think a
D1kP6I8bnmy-00590-00170730-00170978 great opportunity now to turn to Amanda
D1kP6I8bnmy-00591-00170979-00171270 and Amanda who's the executive vice
D1kP6I8bnmy-00592-00171271-00171456 president and senior research fellow for
D1kP6I8bnmy-00593-00171457-00171752 the Center for Global Development you've
D1kP6I8bnmy-00594-00171753-00172157 been watching this unfold
D1kP6I8bnmy-00595-00172158-00172729 in the Americas what are you saying what
D1kP6I8bnmy-00596-00172730-00172934 are you learning what are you what are
D1kP6I8bnmy-00597-00172935-00173191 you thinking about as this is unfolding
D1kP6I8bnmy-00598-00173192-00173454 and you're watching and monitoring it
D1kP6I8bnmy-00599-00173455-00173795 what do you think we need to learn do
D1kP6I8bnmy-00600-00173796-00174029 differently rather than wait for a
D1kP6I8bnmy-00601-00174030-00174320 vaccine to prevent the next pandemic or
D1kP6I8bnmy-00602-00174321-00174691 even prevent the next black X thank you
D1kP6I8bnmy-00603-00174692-00174869 so much and it's wonderful to be on this
D1kP6I8bnmy-00604-00174870-00175097 panel and share this conversation with
D1kP6I8bnmy-00605-00175098-00175385 you so I think when you compare across
D1kP6I8bnmy-00606-00175386-00175589 countries we do have to take into
D1kP6I8bnmy-00607-00175590-00175865 account that the starting point is very
D1kP6I8bnmy-00608-00175866-00176051 different in so many different countries
D1kP6I8bnmy-00609-00176052-00176416 it sounds so obvious but when we look at
D1kP6I8bnmy-00610-00176417-00176629 the age structure in different countries
D1kP6I8bnmy-00611-00176630-00176791 or we look at the prevalence of
D1kP6I8bnmy-00612-00176792-00177032 comorbidities across different countries
D1kP6I8bnmy-00613-00177033-00177215 and we look at the different health
D1kP6I8bnmy-00614-00177216-00177515 system strengths at baseline even before
D1kP6I8bnmy-00615-00177516-00177698 we talk about a policy response there's
D1kP6I8bnmy-00616-00177699-00177950 going to be a different trajectory to
D1kP6I8bnmy-00617-00177951-00178223 the outbreak so some colleagues that
D1kP6I8bnmy-00618-00178224-00178352 might have been doing some work looking
D1kP6I8bnmy-00619-00178353-00178682 at this and it's it's it's the case that
D1kP6I8bnmy-00620-00178683-00178916 an infected person in Uganda is about
D1kP6I8bnmy-00621-00178917-00179189 half as likely to die from kovat
D1kP6I8bnmy-00622-00179190-00179456 compared to the United States even if we
D1kP6I8bnmy-00623-00179457-00179726 assume that every case that needed you
D1kP6I8bnmy-00624-00179727-00179933 know even if we assume that 20% of cases
D1kP6I8bnmy-00625-00179934-00180104 are hospitalized or something like that
D1kP6I8bnmy-00626-00180105-00180284 the age structure and the lack of
D1kP6I8bnmy-00627-00180285-00180551 presence of comorbidities is protective
D1kP6I8bnmy-00628-00180552-00180806 in that setting so we are talking about
D1kP6I8bnmy-00629-00180807-00181066 really different kinds of outbreaks at
D1kP6I8bnmy-00630-00181067-00181307 baseline and that's why when we look in
D1kP6I8bnmy-00631-00181308-00181397 the Americas
D1kP6I8bnmy-00632-00181398-00181586 these are middle-income countries with
D1kP6I8bnmy-00633-00181587-00181832 very high prevalence of comorbidities
D1kP6I8bnmy-00634-00181833-00182120 untreated by the way that's another sort
D1kP6I8bnmy-00635-00182121-00182291 of thing we've forgotten to do in global
D1kP6I8bnmy-00636-00182292-00182525 health is to focus on non communicable
D1kP6I8bnmy-00637-00182526-00182732 disease that turns out to be the risk
D1kP6I8bnmy-00638-00182733-00183068 factor for this outbreak and you see
D1kP6I8bnmy-00639-00183069-00183227 that they have health systems but those
D1kP6I8bnmy-00640-00183228-00183404 health systems are quite fragile and
D1kP6I8bnmy-00641-00183405-00183671 they exclude a number of marginalised
D1kP6I8bnmy-00642-00183672-00183995 groups so I think you know when we see
D1kP6I8bnmy-00643-00183996-00184286 that you know what one one question is
D1kP6I8bnmy-00644-00184287-00184421 sort of the policies the political
D1kP6I8bnmy-00645-00184422-00184544 response and I'll talk about that in a
D1kP6I8bnmy-00646-00184545-00184685 second but if we look at a country like
D1kP6I8bnmy-00647-00184686-00185006 Peru that really did try to do the right
D1kP6I8bnmy-00648-00185007-00185314 policies quickly and yet they have
D1kP6I8bnmy-00649-00185315-00185543 complete overwhelming
D1kP6I8bnmy-00650-00185544-00185803 their health system it's because of that
D1kP6I8bnmy-00651-00185804-00186269 at baseline right that they have a fair
D1kP6I8bnmy-00652-00186270-00186518 slightly older age structure than a
D1kP6I8bnmy-00653-00186519-00186712 low-income country and they have an
D1kP6I8bnmy-00654-00186713-00186961 enormous quantity of untreated
D1kP6I8bnmy-00655-00186962-00187247 comorbidities and their health system is
D1kP6I8bnmy-00656-00187248-00187547 very weak so that's at baseline I think
D1kP6I8bnmy-00657-00187548-00187690 the other issue that you're bringing up
D1kP6I8bnmy-00658-00187691-00187852 is so important which is the inequality
D1kP6I8bnmy-00659-00187853-00188152 issue you know in the United States in
D1kP6I8bnmy-00660-00188153-00188425 the UK this is affecting African
D1kP6I8bnmy-00661-00188426-00188764 Americans or black English people much
D1kP6I8bnmy-00662-00188765-00189158 more dramatically than other populations
D1kP6I8bnmy-00663-00189159-00189391 prison populations homeless populations
D1kP6I8bnmy-00664-00189392-00189611 people with intellectual disabilities
D1kP6I8bnmy-00665-00189612-00189811 there was a new study that's showing
D1kP6I8bnmy-00666-00189812-00190000 like autism increases your risk by this
D1kP6I8bnmy-00667-00190001-00190357 enormous amount so it's clear that
D1kP6I8bnmy-00668-00190358-00190639 inequality is a huge explainer of the
D1kP6I8bnmy-00669-00190640-00190804 kinds of morbidity and mortality that we
D1kP6I8bnmy-00670-00190805-00191033 see associated with the outbreak I did
D1kP6I8bnmy-00671-00191034-00191179 want to take a moment to talk about the
D1kP6I8bnmy-00672-00191180-00191399 issue of leadership in this space that
D1kP6I8bnmy-00673-00191400-00191681 you that you raised early you know it's
D1kP6I8bnmy-00674-00191682-00191887 it's no coincidence that the
D1kP6I8bnmy-00675-00191888-00192119 authoritarian populist or as Tiki
D1kP6I8bnmy-00676-00192120-00192344 described them in a little pre
D1kP6I8bnmy-00677-00192345-00192494 conversation to this panel
D1kP6I8bnmy-00678-00192495-00192865 the reckless leaders that that would
D1kP6I8bnmy-00679-00192866-00193138 like to think that this outbreak is not
D1kP6I8bnmy-00680-00193139-00193339 happening in Brazil we learned that they
D1kP6I8bnmy-00681-00193340-00193504 are no longer going to be reporting
D1kP6I8bnmy-00682-00193505-00193919 deaths from kovat 19 imagine just
D1kP6I8bnmy-00683-00193920-00194140 pretending that a death does not existed
D1kP6I8bnmy-00684-00194141-00194437 at all so that's that's that's a huge
D1kP6I8bnmy-00685-00194438-00194626 problem and we are seeing those very
D1kP6I8bnmy-00686-00194627-00194849 much more pronounced outbreaks in the
D1kP6I8bnmy-00687-00194850-00195098 presence of that reckless leadership the
D1kP6I8bnmy-00688-00195099-00195209 question of what should we do
D1kP6I8bnmy-00689-00195210-00195422 differently I mean I do think we do have
D1kP6I8bnmy-00690-00195423-00195778 to do what we can to work on medical
D1kP6I8bnmy-00691-00195779-00195959 countermeasures and to make sure that
D1kP6I8bnmy-00692-00195960-00196235 they are accessible to all and I do hope
D1kP6I8bnmy-00693-00196236-00196445 that the the global collaborative --zz
D1kP6I8bnmy-00694-00196446-00196634 that have been launched really will be
D1kP6I8bnmy-00695-00196635-00196851 able to influence allocation of those
D1kP6I8bnmy-00696-00196852-00197198 technologies but as cannellini is
D1kP6I8bnmy-00697-00197199-00197411 pointing out there are some underlying
D1kP6I8bnmy-00698-00197412-00197621 baseline conditions things we can do
D1kP6I8bnmy-00699-00197622-00197795 right away things we know how to do very
D1kP6I8bnmy-00700-00197796-00198112 well that we should use aid to do anyhow
D1kP6I8bnmy-00701-00198113-00198320 so things like water and sanitation
D1kP6I8bnmy-00702-00198321-00198640 things like cash transfers things like
D1kP6I8bnmy-00703-00198641-00198794 targeted protection of vulnerable groups
D1kP6I8bnmy-00704-00198795-00198914 these are things we
D1kP6I8bnmy-00705-00198915-00199151 how to do that we can finance easily and
D1kP6I8bnmy-00706-00199152-00199286 that you would like to see a much bigger
D1kP6I8bnmy-00707-00199287-00199607 effort I would say I don't think we're
D1kP6I8bnmy-00708-00199608-00199778 even close to the orders of magnitude
D1kP6I8bnmy-00709-00199779-00199976 necessary in terms of the financing of
D1kP6I8bnmy-00710-00199977-00200179 the response this is a historic
D1kP6I8bnmy-00711-00200180-00200579 recession I think I was at in a previous
D1kP6I8bnmy-00712-00200580-00200929 panel someone used the 375 billion in
D1kP6I8bnmy-00713-00200930-00201320 economic losses per month so almost any
D1kP6I8bnmy-00714-00201321-00201488 price you know we're not spending enough
D1kP6I8bnmy-00715-00201489-00201803 to make this stop and to save those
D1kP6I8bnmy-00716-00201804-00201995 expenses that are going out we're still
D1kP6I8bnmy-00717-00201996-00202301 in our little global health we would
D1kP6I8bnmy-00718-00202302-00202487 like an additional you know 1 billion
D1kP6I8bnmy-00719-00202488-00202676 dollars and maybe will help solve the
D1kP6I8bnmy-00720-00202677-00202910 problem so I hope that we get a bit more
D1kP6I8bnmy-00721-00202911-00203249 audacious and and convey more accurately
D1kP6I8bnmy-00722-00203250-00203456 the order of magnitude of response that
D1kP6I8bnmy-00723-00203457-00203566 needs to happen through the health
D1kP6I8bnmy-00724-00203567-00203756 system and then in the social protection
D1kP6I8bnmy-00725-00203757-00203957 systems and welfare systems around that
D1kP6I8bnmy-00726-00203958-00204308 necessary to cope with what's happening
D1kP6I8bnmy-00727-00204309-00204356 right now
D1kP6I8bnmy-00728-00204357-00204731 Thanks so I've got some comments coming
D1kP6I8bnmy-00729-00204732-00205010 through which I'd like to just read to
D1kP6I8bnmy-00730-00205011-00205216 enter more they're less questions I
D1kP6I8bnmy-00731-00205217-00205438 think than observations and to some
D1kP6I8bnmy-00732-00205439-00205685 extent I think affirmations of some of
D1kP6I8bnmy-00733-00205686-00205912 the think points you've been making so
D1kP6I8bnmy-00734-00205913-00206186 let me just read through them before we
D1kP6I8bnmy-00735-00206187-00206565 come to our final question so Ian writes
D1kP6I8bnmy-00736-00206566-00206882 admits carbonization more attention and
D1kP6I8bnmy-00737-00206883-00207026 support is being paid to the Health
D1kP6I8bnmy-00738-00207027-00207302 System strengthening overall and is this
D1kP6I8bnmy-00739-00207303-00207466 an opportunity to use the diagonal
D1kP6I8bnmy-00740-00207467-00207746 approach to ensure synergies for
D1kP6I8bnmy-00741-00207746-00207964 identified priority areas such as
D1kP6I8bnmy-00742-00207965-00208169 connecting these different aspects of
D1kP6I8bnmy-00743-00208169-00208444 health to make sure that they are
D1kP6I8bnmy-00744-00208446-00208717 actually fully addressed so that's his
D1kP6I8bnmy-00745-00208719-00209086 question I think you've really spoken to
D1kP6I8bnmy-00746-00209087-00209389 that Amanda by talking about how this
D1kP6I8bnmy-00747-00209390-00209678 the the infection actually is connects
D1kP6I8bnmy-00748-00209679-00210086 back into the other comorbidities all of
D1kP6I8bnmy-00749-00210087-00210461 which are about how people live and and
D1kP6I8bnmy-00750-00210462-00210902 that's why they are so bound to social
D1kP6I8bnmy-00751-00210903-00211616 circumstances and inequalities Lee talks
D1kP6I8bnmy-00752-00211617-00211841 about how in the Philippines the frail
D1kP6I8bnmy-00753-00211842-00212096 health system was exposed and stretched
D1kP6I8bnmy-00754-00212096-00212281 and that the first casual
D1kP6I8bnmy-00755-00212282-00212612 he's in those sorts of countries were
D1kP6I8bnmy-00756-00212613-00212755 actually the healthcare workers
D1kP6I8bnmy-00757-00212756-00213365 themselves dr. Clark then goes on to say
D1kP6I8bnmy-00758-00213366-00213559 a good public health system depends on
D1kP6I8bnmy-00759-00213560-00213838 good governance and a well coordinated
D1kP6I8bnmy-00760-00213839-00214084 curative and preventative health system
D1kP6I8bnmy-00761-00214085-00214426 and it is actually both isn't it and I
D1kP6I8bnmy-00762-00214427-00214544 think that's coming through quite
D1kP6I8bnmy-00763-00214544-00214715 clearly that it's not just strengthening
D1kP6I8bnmy-00764-00214716-00214960 the curative system it's it's
D1kP6I8bnmy-00765-00214961-00215122 fundamental that you have a strong
D1kP6I8bnmy-00766-00215123-00215719 preventative system and thank you and
D1kP6I8bnmy-00767-00215720-00215990 she wants to especially thank you as
D1kP6I8bnmy-00768-00215991-00216145 though you were one of her supervisors
D1kP6I8bnmy-00769-00216146-00216592 not for her PhD so some some great
D1kP6I8bnmy-00770-00216594-00217156 comments so let me just come back to our
D1kP6I8bnmy-00771-00217157-00217619 final question and some of the points
D1kP6I8bnmy-00772-00217619-00217870 that I'm hearing coming through in your
D1kP6I8bnmy-00773-00217871-00218281 thinking is that there's the problem of
D1kP6I8bnmy-00774-00218282-00218749 the untreated comorbidity that health is
D1kP6I8bnmy-00775-00218750-00218965 health is not something you can pick out
D1kP6I8bnmy-00776-00218966-00219292 pathogen by pathogen or disease by
D1kP6I8bnmy-00777-00219294-00219721 disease it's connected that universal
D1kP6I8bnmy-00778-00219722-00220282 access to health care is almost an
D1kP6I8bnmy-00779-00220283-00220573 almost an obvious need in order to
D1kP6I8bnmy-00780-00220574-00220790 prevent a pandemic yet one that's often
D1kP6I8bnmy-00781-00220791-00221394 not mentioned trust
D1kP6I8bnmy-00782-00221394-00221685 a vaccine seems so simple but how do you
D1kP6I8bnmy-00783-00221686-00222006 achieve trust what the countries look
D1kP6I8bnmy-00784-00222007-00222269 like that have that trust and leaders
D1kP6I8bnmy-00785-00222271-00222723 and this idea ticky that you raise it's
D1kP6I8bnmy-00786-00222723-00222885 the government's with the strong safety
D1kP6I8bnmy-00787-00222886-00223128 nets that can reach out and is connected
D1kP6I8bnmy-00788-00223129-00223659 to trust who can see and hear their that
D1kP6I8bnmy-00789-00223660-00223986 their citizens and reach out and protect
D1kP6I8bnmy-00790-00223987-00224219 and care for them that seem to be doing
D1kP6I8bnmy-00791-00224221-00224519 the best and finally the idea of the
D1kP6I8bnmy-00792-00224521-00225105 reckless leader Sigmund Freud once said
D1kP6I8bnmy-00793-00225106-00225504 that the sign of a healthy mind is one
D1kP6I8bnmy-00794-00225505-00225698 that can't face reality no matter how
D1kP6I8bnmy-00795-00225700-00226116 hard and what you're saying is that
D1kP6I8bnmy-00796-00226117-00226455 reckless leaders don't face reality they
D1kP6I8bnmy-00797-00226456-00226689 disavow it they hide the statistics they
D1kP6I8bnmy-00798-00226690-00227282 select they they they are less pragmatic
D1kP6I8bnmy-00799-00227283-00227532 so these are some of the threads that
D1kP6I8bnmy-00800-00227533-00227916 I'm hearing coming through your your
D1kP6I8bnmy-00801-00227917-00228102 insights and your observations so I'll
D1kP6I8bnmy-00802-00228103-00228315 come now to the last question and then
D1kP6I8bnmy-00803-00228316-00228729 we can have a Q&A with our audience and
D1kP6I8bnmy-00804-00228730-00229014 actually taking your kind of um you'd
D1kP6I8bnmy-00805-00229015-00229248 sort of you jump the gun but you can you
D1kP6I8bnmy-00806-00229248-00229619 can maybe offer three different ideas or
D1kP6I8bnmy-00807-00229621-00229898 three more ideas but my question is what
D1kP6I8bnmy-00808-00229900-00230121 do you think we could do now what would
D1kP6I8bnmy-00809-00230121-00230361 be your top of the pops first picks what
D1kP6I8bnmy-00810-00230362-00230637 we could do now before either the next
D1kP6I8bnmy-00811-00230638-00230946 bike or the next pandemic to control
D1kP6I8bnmy-00812-00230946-00231311 this spread of infection and inequality
D1kP6I8bnmy-00813-00231312-00231617 and what do you think are the most
D1kP6I8bnmy-00814-00231619-00231960 urgent changes that we need to make so
D1kP6I8bnmy-00815-00231961-00232721 I'll open that to all of you I happy to
D1kP6I8bnmy-00816-00232723-00232914 jump in because I've been listening to
D1kP6I8bnmy-00817-00232915-00233127 this really terrific conversation and
D1kP6I8bnmy-00818-00233128-00233346 Eve all raised such such interesting
D1kP6I8bnmy-00819-00233346-00233598 points I think one of the things that
D1kP6I8bnmy-00820-00233598-00233754 came out I think it was with what
D1kP6I8bnmy-00821-00233755-00233994 Cavallini was saying was how this
D1kP6I8bnmy-00822-00233994-00234213 pandemic has really turned some of our
D1kP6I8bnmy-00823-00234214-00234441 assumptions on their head in terms of
D1kP6I8bnmy-00824-00234442-00234678 who has done well and who hasn't done
D1kP6I8bnmy-00825-00234679-00234723 well
D1kP6I8bnmy-00826-00234723-00234966 and we would have liked to imagine
D1kP6I8bnmy-00827-00234967-00235160 somehow that it that the countries would
D1kP6I8bnmy-00828-00235161-00235356 all line up according to access to
D1kP6I8bnmy-00829-00235357-00235610 resources overall and that you know the
D1kP6I8bnmy-00830-00235611-00235839 more resources you have and I'm talking
D1kP6I8bnmy-00831-00235840-00236016 largely financial resources that you
D1kP6I8bnmy-00832-00236017-00236196 should be able to beat this thing and
D1kP6I8bnmy-00833-00236196-00236451 you know if you have less if you're less
D1kP6I8bnmy-00834-00236452-00236619 resource country that you're not going
D1kP6I8bnmy-00835-00236619-00236819 to do so well but that hasn't turned out
D1kP6I8bnmy-00836-00236821-00237012 to be the case at all I mean it just
D1kP6I8bnmy-00837-00237013-00237242 doesn't line up that neatly into that I
D1kP6I8bnmy-00838-00237244-00237504 think does allow us a chance to dig into
D1kP6I8bnmy-00839-00237505-00237717 the underlying causes that some of you
D1kP6I8bnmy-00840-00237717-00238038 have already commented on and what I
D1kP6I8bnmy-00841-00238039-00238244 think you know in Canada is a great
D1kP6I8bnmy-00842-00238246-00238488 example of that we're a high-income
D1kP6I8bnmy-00843-00238489-00238817 country we haven't done very well
D1kP6I8bnmy-00844-00238817-00239144 thousands of deaths in in this country
D1kP6I8bnmy-00845-00239146-00239382 and they're continuing a pace and and
D1kP6I8bnmy-00846-00239383-00239700 continuing relatively flat numbers of
D1kP6I8bnmy-00847-00239701-00239931 new infections we've flattened the curve
D1kP6I8bnmy-00848-00239932-00240165 but we haven't managed to tilt that
D1kP6I8bnmy-00849-00240166-00240381 curve downward and I think what it's
D1kP6I8bnmy-00850-00240382-00240653 revealed to us is that it's not just the
D1kP6I8bnmy-00851-00240654-00240957 the inequities that exists between
D1kP6I8bnmy-00852-00240958-00241148 countries but the inequities within
D1kP6I8bnmy-00853-00241150-00241517 countries and it I think in terms of
D1kP6I8bnmy-00854-00241519-00241665 what do we need to do urge --nt Lee is
D1kP6I8bnmy-00855-00241666-00241902 we need to transition to an equity first
D1kP6I8bnmy-00856-00241903-00242412 lens and Canada I would say has been one
D1kP6I8bnmy-00857-00242413-00242664 of the examples of a country that did a
D1kP6I8bnmy-00858-00242665-00242858 fantastic job right out of the gate on
D1kP6I8bnmy-00859-00242859-00243030 making sure that all of our acute care
D1kP6I8bnmy-00860-00243031-00243267 institutions were ready and every
D1kP6I8bnmy-00861-00243267-00243465 hospital they just turned things around
D1kP6I8bnmy-00862-00243466-00243707 so quickly cleared up the beds cancelled
D1kP6I8bnmy-00863-00243708-00243879 all the elective surgery procedures
D1kP6I8bnmy-00864-00243880-00244065 everybody was waiting at the doors of
D1kP6I8bnmy-00865-00244066-00244212 the emergency department for the
D1kP6I8bnmy-00866-00244213-00244610 flooding cases to arrive and meanwhile
D1kP6I8bnmy-00867-00244611-00244919 as all of this work was was taking place
D1kP6I8bnmy-00868-00244921-00245175 to get ready the virus was starting to
D1kP6I8bnmy-00869-00245176-00245567 spread in those those pockets they found
D1kP6I8bnmy-00870-00245569-00245759 the virus found the crack of
D1kP6I8bnmy-00871-00245760-00246008 vulnerabilities in institutions
D1kP6I8bnmy-00872-00246009-00246240 particularly long-term care facilities
D1kP6I8bnmy-00873-00246241-00246444 in in workplaces where there's
D1kP6I8bnmy-00874-00246444-00246707 overcrowding and in migrant workers in
D1kP6I8bnmy-00875-00246708-00247029 the agricultural sector and it caught
D1kP6I8bnmy-00876-00247030-00247254 everybody off guard because the first
D1kP6I8bnmy-00877-00247255-00247607 lens was not to say where are those
D1kP6I8bnmy-00878-00247608-00247808 vulnerable populations and are they
D1kP6I8bnmy-00879-00247809-00248077 ready and do the long-term care facility
D1kP6I8bnmy-00880-00248078-00248260 in group homes and shelters have the
D1kP6I8bnmy-00881-00248261-00248416 personal protective equipment that they
D1kP6I8bnmy-00882-00248417-00248607 need and have they been trained in
D1kP6I8bnmy-00883-00248608-00248910 infection prevention and control and
D1kP6I8bnmy-00884-00248911-00249127 we've been playing catch-up ever since
D1kP6I8bnmy-00885-00249128-00249430 and you know starting to get a grip on
D1kP6I8bnmy-00886-00249431-00249685 it with with good better and better
D1kP6I8bnmy-00887-00249686-00250132 testing and tracing protocols but equity
D1kP6I8bnmy-00888-00250133-00250548 first vulnerability first has to be the
D1kP6I8bnmy-00889-00250550-00250894 lens of public policy leaders regardless
D1kP6I8bnmy-00890-00250894-00251158 of the global assets of the country has
D1kP6I8bnmy-00891-00251159-00251455 and learning from from best practices
D1kP6I8bnmy-00892-00251456-00251752 around the world those who have have had
D1kP6I8bnmy-00893-00251753-00252106 that lend you know I'm not sure how
D1kP6I8bnmy-00894-00252107-00252232 strongly it's come out in our narrative
D1kP6I8bnmy-00895-00252233-00252628 so far but you know you we discussed in
D1kP6I8bnmy-00896-00252629-00252798 our preparation for this a little bit
D1kP6I8bnmy-00897-00252800-00253030 around leadership that looks to
D1kP6I8bnmy-00898-00253031-00253333 community and community based responses
D1kP6I8bnmy-00899-00253334-00253588 and often you know I think as a as a
D1kP6I8bnmy-00900-00253589-00253804 woman I'm happy to say that the
D1kP6I8bnmy-00901-00253805-00254041 countries that are led by women have
D1kP6I8bnmy-00902-00254042-00254373 done really well perhaps because they
D1kP6I8bnmy-00903-00254375-00254605 have leaned into that community-based
D1kP6I8bnmy-00904-00254606-00254725 response as opposed to an
D1kP6I8bnmy-00905-00254726-00254871 individualistic response and that's
D1kP6I8bnmy-00906-00254873-00255262 obviously an overgeneralization but we
D1kP6I8bnmy-00907-00255263-00255544 need to look to two places that have
D1kP6I8bnmy-00908-00255544-00255835 done well and find out what what lens
D1kP6I8bnmy-00909-00255836-00256201 have they used to design their response
D1kP6I8bnmy-00910-00256202-00256465 and the rest of us who haven't done so
D1kP6I8bnmy-00911-00256466-00256653 well are gonna have to be good learners
D1kP6I8bnmy-00912-00256654-00256848 thanks Joe now I'm just going to weave
D1kP6I8bnmy-00913-00256850-00257164 in before I hand over to you ticky a
D1kP6I8bnmy-00914-00257165-00257311 couple of the comments that are coming
D1kP6I8bnmy-00915-00257312-00257605 up or observations because I think that
D1kP6I8bnmy-00916-00257606-00258091 they're they're asking us to think a
D1kP6I8bnmy-00917-00258092-00258517 little bit more so I've got a on the
D1kP6I8bnmy-00918-00258517-00258907 issue of trust that you know to some
D1kP6I8bnmy-00919-00258908-00259177 extent particularly in countries like
D1kP6I8bnmy-00920-00259178-00259414 the u.s. the trust has been placed in
D1kP6I8bnmy-00921-00259415-00259867 the market so what is let's think a
D1kP6I8bnmy-00922-00259867-00260002 little bit more about what is that trust
D1kP6I8bnmy-00923-00260003-00260131 what does that trust mean and what does
D1kP6I8bnmy-00924-00260132-00260317 it look like and what is it we need to
D1kP6I8bnmy-00925-00260317-00260551 trust and create trust between so that's
D1kP6I8bnmy-00926-00260552-00260625 one point
D1kP6I8bnmy-00927-00260626-00260973 the second was inequalities obviously an
D1kP6I8bnmy-00928-00260975-00261103 issue
D1kP6I8bnmy-00929-00261104-00261403 but what about the the issue of how the
D1kP6I8bnmy-00930-00261404-00261664 west and the east and that way of
D1kP6I8bnmy-00931-00261665-00261894 thinking about how Western East handled
D1kP6I8bnmy-00932-00261896-00262131 the pandemic so countries like Korea
D1kP6I8bnmy-00933-00262132-00262380 Japan Taiwan Vietnam Singapore and China
D1kP6I8bnmy-00934-00262381-00262702 where inequality is there but also how
D1kP6I8bnmy-00935-00262703-00262935 they've responded to the pandemic looks
D1kP6I8bnmy-00936-00262936-00263227 different what's your comment about that
D1kP6I8bnmy-00937-00263228-00263389 so I'm throwing them into the mix and
D1kP6I8bnmy-00938-00263390-00263527 I'll hand over to you
D1kP6I8bnmy-00939-00263528-00263958 ticky and Amanda and Carlini yeah let me
D1kP6I8bnmy-00940-00263959-00264285 just make three quick points but what we
D1kP6I8bnmy-00941-00264286-00264574 can do now the first point is building
D1kP6I8bnmy-00942-00264575-00264850 exactly on your last comment what we
D1kP6I8bnmy-00943-00264851-00265042 need to do now is build social capital
D1kP6I8bnmy-00944-00265043-00265450 and I think it's already been alluded to
D1kP6I8bnmy-00945-00265451-00265774 that countries where the form of
D1kP6I8bnmy-00946-00265775-00265947 government is or may be a little bit
D1kP6I8bnmy-00947-00265948-00266200 authoritarian but importantly when a
D1kP6I8bnmy-00948-00266201-00266483 population trusts the government is
D1kP6I8bnmy-00949-00266484-00266812 compliant to following instructions and
D1kP6I8bnmy-00950-00266813-00267124 directives and places community before
D1kP6I8bnmy-00951-00267125-00267466 self so that's number one build social
D1kP6I8bnmy-00952-00267467-00267909 capital secondly I love communic come on
D1kP6I8bnmy-00953-00267910-00268182 in his point about local knowledge there
D1kP6I8bnmy-00954-00268183-00268393 we should make an attempt to systematize
D1kP6I8bnmy-00955-00268394-00268777 and disseminate local knowledge which in
D1kP6I8bnmy-00956-00268778-00269170 many cases are sort of just passed on
D1kP6I8bnmy-00957-00269171-00269368 from one generation to another
D1kP6I8bnmy-00958-00269369-00269605 I'm reminded of the Ebola outbreak in
D1kP6I8bnmy-00959-00269606-00269950 Uganda back in the 80s where by the time
D1kP6I8bnmy-00960-00269951-00270148 the government people got to those
D1kP6I8bnmy-00961-00270149-00270480 villages the communities already put all
D1kP6I8bnmy-00962-00270481-00270727 the public health measures in place
D1kP6I8bnmy-00963-00270728-00270967 you know banning gatherings banning
D1kP6I8bnmy-00964-00270968-00271300 funerals isolating the elderly so huge
D1kP6I8bnmy-00965-00271301-00271480 amount of local knowledge so that's the
D1kP6I8bnmy-00966-00271481-00271645 second point can can be can be
D1kP6I8bnmy-00967-00271646-00271915 systematized that so that it becomes
D1kP6I8bnmy-00968-00271916-00272256 part of the public sector exports the
D1kP6I8bnmy-00969-00272257-00272460 third thing that I'd like to mention
D1kP6I8bnmy-00970-00272461-00272704 which we haven't mentioned so far and I
D1kP6I8bnmy-00971-00272705-00273115 think reckless leaders tend to be
D1kP6I8bnmy-00972-00273116-00273520 selective so my third point is go always
D1kP6I8bnmy-00973-00273521-00273874 back to science and evidence as your
D1kP6I8bnmy-00974-00273875-00274147 starting point for decision making so
D1kP6I8bnmy-00975-00274148-00274378 anyway that that Thanks hopefully okay
D1kP6I8bnmy-00976-00274379-00274832 maleeni great thank you so much Linda so
D1kP6I8bnmy-00977-00274833-00275225 I think I really like Jane's point you
D1kP6I8bnmy-00978-00275226-00275363 know it's I think it's really telling
D1kP6I8bnmy-00979-00275364-00275669 that the first response of the global
D1kP6I8bnmy-00980-00275670-00275882 community was ventilators to this
D1kP6I8bnmy-00981-00275883-00276152 illness it was ventilators it was a
D1kP6I8bnmy-00982-00276153-00276362 hospital-based response and of course
D1kP6I8bnmy-00983-00276363-00276524 that's normal because that's where we
D1kP6I8bnmy-00984-00276525-00276716 saw the cases coming out of Wuhan that's
D1kP6I8bnmy-00985-00276717-00276985 where we saw people struggle but it's
D1kP6I8bnmy-00986-00276986-00277223 probably the case that in any outbreak
D1kP6I8bnmy-00987-00277224-00277565 the idea of starting with those
D1kP6I8bnmy-00988-00277566-00277793 vulnerable groups and and also to think
D1kP6I8bnmy-00989-00277794-00278006 about public health as a part of the
D1kP6I8bnmy-00990-00278007-00278222 health system one thing that I'm struck
D1kP6I8bnmy-00991-00278223-00278468 by is that we always think of Public
D1kP6I8bnmy-00992-00278469-00278708 Health as oh that's my CDC or that's my
D1kP6I8bnmy-00993-00278709-00278912 Public Health Institute and it's you
D1kP6I8bnmy-00994-00278913-00279131 know under finance down the road no one
D1kP6I8bnmy-00995-00279132-00279488 goes some epidemiologists are there they
D1kP6I8bnmy-00996-00279489-00279623 didn't you know they just weren't able
D1kP6I8bnmy-00997-00279624-00279767 to even operate through the health
D1kP6I8bnmy-00998-00279768-00279929 service in an effective way and I think
D1kP6I8bnmy-00999-00279930-00280082 we're seeing that in the UK as well with
D1kP6I8bnmy-01000-00280083-00280331 public health England you know when I
D1kP6I8bnmy-01001-00280332-00280538 look at the u.s. honestly I do you say
D1kP6I8bnmy-01002-00280539-00280820 to myself it's just the basics at large
D1kP6I8bnmy-01003-00280821-00281035 scale that we're missing tests trace
D1kP6I8bnmy-01004-00281036-00281429 isolate you know all the evidences
D1kP6I8bnmy-01005-00281430-00281555 they're all the capacity is there all
D1kP6I8bnmy-01006-00281556-00281768 the money's there but it's like we don't
D1kP6I8bnmy-01007-00281769-00281999 have the will to do that large scale
D1kP6I8bnmy-01008-00282000-00282224 test trace isolate across the entire
D1kP6I8bnmy-01009-00282225-00282503 country and you know I think eventually
D1kP6I8bnmy-01010-00282504-00282689 we'll get there but you were learning by
D1kP6I8bnmy-01011-00282690-00282851 doing I think in the United States
D1kP6I8bnmy-01012-00282852-00283016 people felt like infectious disease
D1kP6I8bnmy-01013-00283017-00283319 threats were over unlike in some of the
D1kP6I8bnmy-01014-00283320-00283457 Asian countries that had experienced
D1kP6I8bnmy-01015-00283458-00283757 SARS that it experienced other kinds of
D1kP6I8bnmy-01016-00283758-00283943 infectious disease threats at scale so
D1kP6I8bnmy-01017-00283944-00284185 there's some learning going on here and
D1kP6I8bnmy-01018-00284186-00284354 that learning has a cost unfortunately
D1kP6I8bnmy-01019-00284355-00284762 in human lives I think the other thing I
D1kP6I8bnmy-01020-00284763-00284945 would say about the accessibility of
D1kP6I8bnmy-01021-00284946-00285134 medical countermeasures of vaccine or
D1kP6I8bnmy-01022-00285135-00285419 therapeutic this is really really
D1kP6I8bnmy-01023-00285420-00285559 important I think there are two things
D1kP6I8bnmy-01024-00285560-00285824 that I would think about as we as we see
D1kP6I8bnmy-01025-00285825-00285976 these candidates come down the pipeline
D1kP6I8bnmy-01026-00285977-00286217 one idea that people are talking about
D1kP6I8bnmy-01027-00286218-00286499 is to produce and manufacture some of
D1kP6I8bnmy-01028-00286500-00286658 the promising vaccine candidates in
D1kP6I8bnmy-01029-00286659-00286937 countries with small populations so even
D1kP6I8bnmy-01030-00286938-00287096 if there is what they call vaccine
D1kP6I8bnmy-01031-00287097-00287267 nationalism which is where i vaccinate
D1kP6I8bnmy-01032-00287268-00287582 everybody in my own country first if I'm
D1kP6I8bnmy-01033-00287583-00287676 Singapore
D1kP6I8bnmy-01034-00287677-00287868 I I'm still gonna have a lot of doses
D1kP6I8bnmy-01035-00287869-00288081 left over to vaccinate high-priority
D1kP6I8bnmy-01036-00288082-00288335 groups in other countries so that's a
D1kP6I8bnmy-01037-00288336-00288525 strategy that we can use as a global
D1kP6I8bnmy-01038-00288526-00288741 health system to make sure that there's
D1kP6I8bnmy-01039-00288742-00288909 not as much of a trade-off between
D1kP6I8bnmy-01040-00288910-00289074 vaccinating my own people and
D1kP6I8bnmy-01041-00289075-00289209 vaccinating people elsewhere in the
D1kP6I8bnmy-01042-00289210-00289610 world in a more equitable way I think
D1kP6I8bnmy-01043-00289611-00289908 the other issue that we still have to
D1kP6I8bnmy-01044-00289909-00290022 think about though that's much more
D1kP6I8bnmy-01045-00290023-00290199 upstream as sort of the raw materials
D1kP6I8bnmy-01046-00290200-00290394 that go into these vaccines if we have
D1kP6I8bnmy-01047-00290395-00290682 200 candidates at once they're all out
D1kP6I8bnmy-01048-00290683-00290850 there in the market trying to get
D1kP6I8bnmy-01049-00290851-00291084 there's a apparently a glass shortage
D1kP6I8bnmy-01050-00291085-00291291 that we would need to fill the vaccine
D1kP6I8bnmy-01051-00291292-00291447 you know to deliver the vaccine so
D1kP6I8bnmy-01052-00291448-00291669 there's a lot of sort of issues like
D1kP6I8bnmy-01053-00291670-00291948 that to solve to even get to the to the
D1kP6I8bnmy-01054-00291949-00292152 equity of the distribution further down
D1kP6I8bnmy-01055-00292153-00292383 the line so I'll stop there but thank
D1kP6I8bnmy-01056-00292384-00292902 you so much I'm getting a lot of
D1kP6I8bnmy-01057-00292903-00293181 commentary around trust and there's two
D1kP6I8bnmy-01058-00293182-00293448 two color themes emerging here and
D1kP6I8bnmy-01059-00293449-00293640 kamilly this seems just so fitting that
D1kP6I8bnmy-01060-00293641-00293853 I can raise these before you have your
D1kP6I8bnmy-01061-00293854-00294459 turn to speak be trusting government in
D1kP6I8bnmy-01062-00294460-00294801 some form as well as a government that
D1kP6I8bnmy-01063-00294802-00295017 has the capacity to have strong social
D1kP6I8bnmy-01064-00295018-00295334 safety nets and as willing to invest in
D1kP6I8bnmy-01065-00295335-00295587 universal health care there is the risk
D1kP6I8bnmy-01066-00295588-00295992 that the reciprocal trust back up to
D1kP6I8bnmy-01067-00295993-00296193 that government from people and citizens
D1kP6I8bnmy-01068-00296194-00296541 so that's one one thing that's coming
D1kP6I8bnmy-01069-00296542-00296706 through in your comments and also in the
D1kP6I8bnmy-01070-00296707-00296898 questions but then this is fascinating
D1kP6I8bnmy-01071-00296899-00297245 idea about what about trust in science
D1kP6I8bnmy-01072-00297246-00297513 because that because not only is
D1kP6I8bnmy-01073-00297514-00297695 trusting government on the way down
D1kP6I8bnmy-01074-00297696-00298034 particularly in Western democracies and
D1kP6I8bnmy-01075-00298035-00298362 so too and perhaps by no coincidence is
D1kP6I8bnmy-01076-00298363-00298665 the trust in science and yet we're
D1kP6I8bnmy-01077-00298666-00298917 signalling that both those things are
D1kP6I8bnmy-01078-00298918-00299366 fundamental to dealing with pandemics
D1kP6I8bnmy-01079-00299367-00299765 prevention response treatment and
D1kP6I8bnmy-01080-00299766-00300144 inequality so cannellini I hand over to
D1kP6I8bnmy-01081-00300145-00300452 you
D1kP6I8bnmy-01082-00300453-00300938 I think it's not not complex
D1kP6I8bnmy-01083-00300939-00301199 you know it's complex maybe to achieve
D1kP6I8bnmy-01084-00301200-00301493 but I really like the example of Kerala
D1kP6I8bnmy-01085-00301494-00301889 so for the last five decades every time
D1kP6I8bnmy-01086-00301890-00302066 you talk about public health six stories
D1kP6I8bnmy-01087-00302067-00302249 you talk about Kerala
D1kP6I8bnmy-01088-00302250-00302435 what if they got they have high female
D1kP6I8bnmy-01089-00302436-00302666 literacy good health care
D1kP6I8bnmy-01090-00302667-00303046 so despite India having you know
D1kP6I8bnmy-01091-00303047-00303275 challenges and looking like it's going
D1kP6I8bnmy-01092-00303276-00303506 to really suffer from this we have the
D1kP6I8bnmy-01093-00303507-00303752 state of India led by a schoolteacher
D1kP6I8bnmy-01094-00303753-00303977 female schoolteacher health minister who
D1kP6I8bnmy-01095-00303978-00304238 has passed outbreak experience with nipa
D1kP6I8bnmy-01096-00304239-00304631 who recognized so I think maybe the West
D1kP6I8bnmy-01097-00304632-00304898 focused on ventilators certainly not low
D1kP6I8bnmy-01098-00304899-00305045 resource settings that have done well
D1kP6I8bnmy-01099-00305046-00305231 she said my health systems not gonna
D1kP6I8bnmy-01100-00305232-00305444 cope my communities not gonna cope she
D1kP6I8bnmy-01101-00305445-00305714 shut her borders but you know she knew
D1kP6I8bnmy-01102-00305715-00305891 she was gonna have a whole lot of very
D1kP6I8bnmy-01103-00305892-00306209 poor migrant workers crossing borders so
D1kP6I8bnmy-01104-00306210-00306575 she set up systems for quantanium them
D1kP6I8bnmy-01105-00306576-00306812 tens of thousands of people they got
D1kP6I8bnmy-01106-00306813-00307055 three meals a day good living conditions
D1kP6I8bnmy-01107-00307056-00307376 they were happy so again it's not rocket
D1kP6I8bnmy-01108-00307377-00307433 science
D1kP6I8bnmy-01109-00307434-00307706 but you build that trust by delivering
D1kP6I8bnmy-01110-00307707-00307922 for people why do you trust anybody you
D1kP6I8bnmy-01111-00307923-00308099 know whether it's you know your
D1kP6I8bnmy-01112-00308100-00308372 colleagues or the the postman or
D1kP6I8bnmy-01113-00308373-00308597 whatever it's because you have there has
D1kP6I8bnmy-01114-00308598-00308798 been an established relationship where
D1kP6I8bnmy-01115-00308799-00309014 you do what your is expected of you they
D1kP6I8bnmy-01116-00309015-00309293 deliver for you so I think it's the same
D1kP6I8bnmy-01117-00309294-00309554 with governments and we can learn a lot
D1kP6I8bnmy-01118-00309555-00309737 from the ones that have succeeded and
D1kP6I8bnmy-01119-00309738-00310085 again you know you look at places for
D1kP6I8bnmy-01120-00310086-00310481 places like Kerala where you you you
D1kP6I8bnmy-01121-00310482-00310724 have much more you would think
D1kP6I8bnmy-01122-00310725-00310916 challenges than say Canada
D1kP6I8bnmy-01123-00310917-00311225 let's compare to Canada right but if you
D1kP6I8bnmy-01124-00311226-00311483 have fundamental assumptions that people
D1kP6I8bnmy-01125-00311484-00311705 all people have an equal right to health
D1kP6I8bnmy-01126-00311706-00312080 care to education look I think we're
D1kP6I8bnmy-01127-00312081-00312344 talking about but you know we can say
D1kP6I8bnmy-01128-00312345-00312536 it's too it's not good to be poor and
D1kP6I8bnmy-01129-00312537-00312779 uneducated but I think it's good to look
D1kP6I8bnmy-01130-00312780-00313022 at examples that have achieved you know
D1kP6I8bnmy-01131-00313023-00313328 have been able to progress against those
D1kP6I8bnmy-01132-00313329-00313544 sorts of things with relatively little
D1kP6I8bnmy-01133-00313545-00313831 resources but you know I know
D1kP6I8bnmy-01134-00313832-00314043 Australia live in Australia and I think
D1kP6I8bnmy-01135-00314044-00314299 our governments know that if you mess
D1kP6I8bnmy-01136-00314300-00314489 with Medicare which is our system of
D1kP6I8bnmy-01137-00314490-00314659 universal health coverage you lose the
D1kP6I8bnmy-01138-00314660-00314725 election
D1kP6I8bnmy-01139-00314726-00315052 so whatever form of government you have
D1kP6I8bnmy-01140-00315053-00315263 they they do know that there are things
D1kP6I8bnmy-01141-00315264-00315583 people value and we early on brought in
D1kP6I8bnmy-01142-00315584-00315928 a scheme where casual workers receive
D1kP6I8bnmy-01143-00315929-00316177 wages and for the people I know who work
D1kP6I8bnmy-01144-00316178-00316423 Asian workers there they're supplement
D1kP6I8bnmy-01145-00316424-00316657 was higher than their previous weight so
D1kP6I8bnmy-01146-00316658-00316870 they had every incentive to stay home if
D1kP6I8bnmy-01147-00316871-00317196 they were sick or you know get tested I
D1kP6I8bnmy-01148-00317197-00317537 think I always learn from past
D1kP6I8bnmy-01149-00317538-00317738 experience I think there's a lot we can
D1kP6I8bnmy-01150-00317739-00317902 learn and we can also learn from the
D1kP6I8bnmy-01151-00317903-00318241 places that made mistakes so building
D1kP6I8bnmy-01152-00318242-00318535 trust it's easy once you have it it's
D1kP6I8bnmy-01153-00318536-00318829 quick to lose and I also think we don't
D1kP6I8bnmy-01154-00318830-00319060 need to do more research we have
D1kP6I8bnmy-01155-00319061-00319337 examples and we know how we build trust
D1kP6I8bnmy-01156-00319338-00319534 with each other and we know how good
D1kP6I8bnmy-01157-00319535-00320071 governments build trust thank you we
D1kP6I8bnmy-01158-00320072-00320881 have four minutes to go and I'm just
D1kP6I8bnmy-01159-00320882-00321055 wondering whether there's any final
D1kP6I8bnmy-01160-00321056-00321657 points you would like to raise or make
D1kP6I8bnmy-01161-00321658-00321979 before we close something very quick
D1kP6I8bnmy-01162-00321980-00322231 from me I just would like to emphasize
D1kP6I8bnmy-01163-00322232-00322573 you know what Linda you mentioned the
D1kP6I8bnmy-01164-00322574-00322918 importance of of science you know in
D1kP6I8bnmy-01165-00322919-00323296 this sort of anti science science denial
D1kP6I8bnmy-01166-00323297-00323554 world that we live it I'm reminded of
D1kP6I8bnmy-01167-00323555-00324001 what you are Harare said we humans know
D1kP6I8bnmy-01168-00324002-00324385 more truth than any species on earth and
D1kP6I8bnmy-01169-00324386-00324867 yet we believe the most false fossils
D1kP6I8bnmy-01170-00324868-00325095 even at that thank you
D1kP6I8bnmy-01171-00325096-00325522 okay Amanda I mean just to end on a
D1kP6I8bnmy-01172-00325523-00325708 positive note I would say that actually
D1kP6I8bnmy-01173-00325709-00326068 the it's been a whiie I think we'll see
D1kP6I8bnmy-01174-00326069-00326332 a resurgence of interest in science and
D1kP6I8bnmy-01175-00326333-00326626 evidence that hopefully will build trust
D1kP6I8bnmy-01176-00326627-00326816 for the future although you know of
D1kP6I8bnmy-01177-00326817-00327055 course what people are witnessing in
D1kP6I8bnmy-01178-00327056-00327189 real time is
D1kP6I8bnmy-01179-00327190-00327438 all data is used to understand where the
D1kP6I8bnmy-01180-00327439-00327612 outbreak is and what their levels of
D1kP6I8bnmy-01181-00327613-00327942 risk are that knowledge is evolving it
D1kP6I8bnmy-01182-00327943-00328256 has to be corrected and contested the
D1kP6I8bnmy-01183-00328257-00328443 fact that we've seen this enormous
D1kP6I8bnmy-01184-00328444-00328631 scientific production in the public
D1kP6I8bnmy-01185-00328632-00328853 domain so quickly of course their
D1kP6I8bnmy-01186-00328854-00329006 problems with peer review and things
D1kP6I8bnmy-01187-00329007-00329196 like that but that is really inspiring
D1kP6I8bnmy-01188-00329197-00329534 and I think somebody I was on another
D1kP6I8bnmy-01189-00329535-00329777 panel where some of us think that we
D1kP6I8bnmy-01190-00329778-00330080 have like 20,000 new papers every month
D1kP6I8bnmy-01191-00330081-00330416 coming out on covin 19 and its effects
D1kP6I8bnmy-01192-00330417-00330701 so the pace of clinical research and
D1kP6I8bnmy-01193-00330702-00331017 science is intense and people are
D1kP6I8bnmy-01194-00331018-00331280 demanding answers from both economic and
D1kP6I8bnmy-01195-00331281-00331446 health authorities about how this
D1kP6I8bnmy-01196-00331447-00331743 outbreak is going so well I agree with
D1kP6I8bnmy-01197-00331744-00331910 you that we're certainly in a period of
D1kP6I8bnmy-01198-00331911-00332187 low trust and there has been a period of
D1kP6I8bnmy-01199-00332188-00332402 great skepticism about science and
D1kP6I8bnmy-01200-00332403-00332718 evidence and data we're also in a period
D1kP6I8bnmy-01201-00332719-00332882 where that may then we may be in the
D1kP6I8bnmy-01202-00332883-00333123 front of a renaissance of that as as
D1kP6I8bnmy-01203-00333124-00333318 people turn to experts to understand
D1kP6I8bnmy-01204-00333319-00333591 what they have to do and who to listen
D1kP6I8bnmy-01205-00333592-00333750 to and I mean I think it's quite
D1kP6I8bnmy-01206-00333751-00333908 interesting there was a poll in the
D1kP6I8bnmy-01207-00333909-00334031 United States actually that found that
D1kP6I8bnmy-01208-00334032-00334170 many people trust the World Health
D1kP6I8bnmy-01209-00334171-00334362 Organization for example as a source of
D1kP6I8bnmy-01210-00334363-00334776 data on what's happening so you know so
D1kP6I8bnmy-01211-00334777-00334971 that's that and I bet a lot of people
D1kP6I8bnmy-01212-00334972-00335166 didn't even know that the whd existed
D1kP6I8bnmy-01213-00335167-00335555 before that so I say let's let's perhaps
D1kP6I8bnmy-01214-00335556-00335823 end with a positive note that things
D1kP6I8bnmy-01215-00335824-00336151 might be getting better on the margin
D1kP6I8bnmy-01216-00336152-00336566 Thank You Amanda Sikkema Laney and Jane
D1kP6I8bnmy-01217-00336567-00337149 Jane well thank you again to the
D1kP6I8bnmy-01218-00337150-00337301 organizers for this and I think my
D1kP6I8bnmy-01219-00337302-00337481 closing remarks would maybe just build
D1kP6I8bnmy-01220-00337482-00337737 on what Amanda talked about in terms of
D1kP6I8bnmy-01221-00337738-00337923 international institutions and you know
D1kP6I8bnmy-01222-00337924-00338156 we've talked to a trust in in national
D1kP6I8bnmy-01223-00338157-00338402 leadership and Trust in science and I
D1kP6I8bnmy-01224-00338403-00338630 think one of the other areas that risk
D1kP6I8bnmy-01225-00338631-00338987 is trust and inter international global
D1kP6I8bnmy-01226-00338988-00339162 bodies like the World Health
D1kP6I8bnmy-01227-00339163-00339470 Organization and UN agencies etc and
D1kP6I8bnmy-01228-00339471-00339827 this is not a time for isolationism and
D1kP6I8bnmy-01229-00339828-00340113 protectionism this is a time to continue
D1kP6I8bnmy-01230-00340114-00340425 to build those
D1kP6I8bnmy-01231-00340426-00340737 those institutions that will allow us to
D1kP6I8bnmy-01232-00340738-00340983 to work together and collaboratively to
D1kP6I8bnmy-01233-00340984-00341232 continue to to build trust and
D1kP6I8bnmy-01234-00341233-00341510 understanding amongst one another and no
D1kP6I8bnmy-01235-00341511-00341609 there's no question that those
D1kP6I8bnmy-01236-00341610-00341763 institutions have been put to the test
D1kP6I8bnmy-01237-00341764-00342018 and have been challenged by some very
D1kP6I8bnmy-01238-00342019-00342479 powerful leaders but we we can't deny
D1kP6I8bnmy-01239-00342480-00342939 the linkages amongst ourselves and we
D1kP6I8bnmy-01240-00342940-00343224 will not succeed without looking out for
D1kP6I8bnmy-01241-00343225-00343548 the best interests of the entire planet
D1kP6I8bnmy-01242-00343549-00343932 and so let's let's close on a note of
D1kP6I8bnmy-01243-00343933-00344157 positivity around the fact that that we
D1kP6I8bnmy-01244-00344158-00344379 do people have worked very hard for a
D1kP6I8bnmy-01245-00344380-00344508 very long time to build those
D1kP6I8bnmy-01246-00344509-00344781 institutions and and I believe that they
D1kP6I8bnmy-01247-00344782-00344996 need our support rather than our
D1kP6I8bnmy-01248-00344997-00345393 abandonment of them Thank You Jane
D1kP6I8bnmy-01249-00345394-00346887 Campbell any individual already need to
D1kP6I8bnmy-01250-00346888-00347109 view one of our premieres it was one of
D1kP6I8bnmy-01251-00347110-00347433 the first to shut down and somebody who
D1kP6I8bnmy-01252-00347434-00347625 had lost his business because of it said
D1kP6I8bnmy-01253-00347626-00347871 I'm annoyed as a businessman but as a
D1kP6I8bnmy-01254-00347872-00348102 human being I'm going to vote for him
D1kP6I8bnmy-01255-00348103-00348315 but his party for the first time ever
D1kP6I8bnmy-01256-00348316-00348597 because I'm proud of the fact that he
D1kP6I8bnmy-01257-00348598-00348801 prioritized our community and our
D1kP6I8bnmy-01258-00348802-00349077 well-being so and that was about you
D1kP6I8bnmy-01259-00349078-00349259 know acting on the information earth and
D1kP6I8bnmy-01260-00349260-00349569 people are very have been very capable
D1kP6I8bnmy-01261-00349570-00349740 showing the community are showing their
D1kP6I8bnmy-01262-00349741-00350004 capacity to shift as information ships
D1kP6I8bnmy-01263-00350005-00350313 if they are kept informed and they are
D1kP6I8bnmy-01264-00350314-00350370 told
D1kP6I8bnmy-01265-00350371-00350643 we're not sure where we are when we know
D1kP6I8bnmy-01266-00350644-00350769 we'll let you know but in the meantime
D1kP6I8bnmy-01267-00350770-00351084 here's what we think and I think it is
D1kP6I8bnmy-01268-00351085-00351383 about treating communities with respect
D1kP6I8bnmy-01269-00351384-00351774 acknowledging you know uncertainty and
D1kP6I8bnmy-01270-00351775-00352119 and that again that first up there I
D1kP6I8bnmy-01271-00352120-00352374 think we know what we need to do which
D1kP6I8bnmy-01272-00352375-00352869 is the great thing well what I'm hearing
D1kP6I8bnmy-01273-00352870-00353073 really we're ending with this with this
D1kP6I8bnmy-01274-00353074-00353348 connection between trust and science and
D1kP6I8bnmy-01275-00353349-00353633 human decency as well as human
D1kP6I8bnmy-01276-00353634-00353769 governance
D1kP6I8bnmy-01277-00353770-00354123 and systems and knowledge and it is this
D1kP6I8bnmy-01278-00354124-00354345 it is this this interplays between
D1kP6I8bnmy-01279-00354346-00354627 knowledge and qualities of character and
D1kP6I8bnmy-01280-00354628-00354959 values that seem to be so important to
D1kP6I8bnmy-01281-00354960-00355442 navigating the crisis were in you know I
D1kP6I8bnmy-01282-00355443-00355791 just want to thank you for what I feel
D1kP6I8bnmy-01283-00355792-00355982 has been an extraordinary stepping
D1kP6I8bnmy-01284-00355983-00356376 through and into the insights of that
D1kP6I8bnmy-01285-00356377-00356613 you've all brought to this question of
D1kP6I8bnmy-01286-00356614-00356877 the global health challenge that Cove in
D1kP6I8bnmy-01287-00356878-00357342 nineteen has brought forward and will
D1kP6I8bnmy-01288-00357343-00357689 continue and I'd like to thank Sean and
D1kP6I8bnmy-01289-00357690-00358017 the Crawford school for hosting this
D1kP6I8bnmy-01290-00358018-00358326 program remind the readers listeners
D1kP6I8bnmy-01291-00358327-00358658 sorry that there are other panels that
D1kP6I8bnmy-01292-00358659-00358887 will be coming this is not the only part
D1kP6I8bnmy-01293-00358888-00359135 is this one of the many under the
D1kP6I8bnmy-01294-00359136-00359432 Crawford leadership series and to thank
D1kP6I8bnmy-01295-00359433-00359608 you and honor you
D1kP6I8bnmy-01296-00359609-00360676 speakers again for your contributions
D1kP6I8bnmy-01297-00360677-00360883 you
D2nW16QAVkY-00000-00000000-00000337 curiosity box which is a sort of monthly
D2nW16QAVkY-00001-00000338-00000566 resources of teaching of teaching
D2nW16QAVkY-00002-00000567-00000767 resources and videos and stuff like that
D2nW16QAVkY-00003-00000768-00001100 we've been looking at wrote teaching in
D2nW16QAVkY-00004-00001101-00001420 particular and we did take a couple of
D2nW16QAVkY-00005-00001421-00001655 them I think you did s for storm didn't
D2nW16QAVkY-00006-00001655-00001712 you Sharon
D2nW16QAVkY-00007-00001713-00002659 and I know and D for D they do yes not
D2nW16QAVkY-00008-00002660-00004169 everyone has had the chance to yes and I
D2nW16QAVkY-00009-00004170-00004556 I did get a I know cloud and when she's
D2nW16QAVkY-00010-00004557-00004769 here actually but Claire who's in the in
D2nW16QAVkY-00011-00004770-00005095 the community said that she'd got a
D2nW16QAVkY-00012-00005096-00005309 student who was feeling quite a motivate
D2nW16QAVkY-00013-00005310-00005527 kids and she taught the student s for
D2nW16QAVkY-00014-00005528-00005893 storm last week and as a consequence she
D2nW16QAVkY-00015-00005894-00006154 spent the whole week improvising with it
D2nW16QAVkY-00016-00006155-00006619 and she she actually videoed her and
D2nW16QAVkY-00017-00006620-00007589 that was to students and Wow both ended
D2nW16QAVkY-00019-00012575-00012785 students learn those two pieces as well
D2nW16QAVkY-00020-00012786-00012955 and they've they've really really been
D2nW16QAVkY-00021-00012956-00013208 enjoying it and it's interesting just
D2nW16QAVkY-00022-00013209-00013420 looking down the comments here
D2nW16QAVkY-00023-00013421-00013597 of course you know I think you've become
D2nW16QAVkY-00024-00013598-00013870 a better known name because some of you
D2nW16QAVkY-00025-00013871-00014206 your stuff is also in ABRSM this coverin
D2nW16QAVkY-00026-00014207-00014405 syllabus isn't it and you're also in
D2nW16QAVkY-00027-00014406-00014699 some of the other piano syllabuses as
D2nW16QAVkY-00028-00014700-00015061 well so you know everybody's now getting
D2nW16QAVkY-00029-00015062-00015341 getting more familiar with your your
D2nW16QAVkY-00031-00018410-00018778 and we have done lots and lots of lots
D2nW16QAVkY-00032-00018779-00019319 of things since June was one of my one
D2nW16QAVkY-00033-00019320-00019555 of the influential teachers as well so
D2nW16QAVkY-00034-00019556-00019868 yeah I can't tell you start to tell you
D2nW16QAVkY-00035-00019869-00020128 I excited I am coming here today and I
D2nW16QAVkY-00036-00020129-00020359 knew that just recently you have hit
D2nW16QAVkY-00037-00020360-00020780 fine in terms of the seals of your books
D2nW16QAVkY-00038-00020781-00021256 you've being ten carriers and you've got
D2nW16QAVkY-00039-00021257-00021633 first published seven years ago so and
D2nW16QAVkY-00040-00021634-00022405 it's it's still rocketing for I'm very
D2nW16QAVkY-00041-00022406-00024689 very thoughtful amazing yeah yeah but I
D2nW16QAVkY-00042-00024690-00024905 think what you do is is you've caught
D2nW16QAVkY-00043-00024906-00025183 partly a spirit of the time in that you
D2nW16QAVkY-00044-00025184-00025669 know we're trying to allow our pupils to
D2nW16QAVkY-00045-00025670-00026024 be musicians at a piano right from start
D2nW16QAVkY-00046-00026025-00026296 rather than just starting on single
D2nW16QAVkY-00047-00026297-00026468 notes and and just putting things
D2nW16QAVkY-00048-00026469-00026657 together very slowly like that
D2nW16QAVkY-00049-00026658-00026939 it feels a bit inhibited really you've
D2nW16QAVkY-00050-00026939-00027187 kind of literally opened up the keyboard
D2nW16QAVkY-00051-00027188-00027430 at you and other people but you know
D2nW16QAVkY-00052-00027431-00027646 I've opened up the keyboard and the
D2nW16QAVkY-00053-00027647-00027911 world of the piano to all these young
D2nW16QAVkY-00055-00037449-00038188 one is a four angel
D2nW16QAVkY-00056-00038189-00040264 [Music]
D2nW16QAVkY-00057-00040265-00040553 so Angela this is certainly a
D2nW16QAVkY-00058-00040554-00040733 challenging piece is one of the harder
D2nW16QAVkY-00059-00040734-00041318 cases in alphabet and most of the
D2nW16QAVkY-00060-00041319-00041555 challenge lies in repealing the post
D2nW16QAVkY-00061-00041556-00041771 when there's nothing happening and
D2nW16QAVkY-00062-00041772-00042025 that's something I'm very big on
D2nW16QAVkY-00063-00042026-00042344 training not feeling a pulse but goes
D2nW16QAVkY-00064-00042345-00042581 through a minim doctor many more
D2nW16QAVkY-00065-00042582-00042890 celebrate so many children as I'm sure
D2nW16QAVkY-00066-00042891-00043384 you are not too worried how long minons
D2nW16QAVkY-00067-00043385-00043691 minutes last as long as they're a bit
D2nW16QAVkY-00068-00043692-00043952 longer than the project so it's really
D2nW16QAVkY-00069-00043953-00044333 developing all sorts of things you can
D2nW16QAVkY-00070-00044334-00044912 do to develop that I'm sure you all of
D2nW16QAVkY-00071-00044913-00045230 your own ways of doing that you can just
D2nW16QAVkY-00072-00045231-00046270 simply fill in the customization and try
D2nW16QAVkY-00073-00046271-00046718 so they can't escape it's very easy just
D2nW16QAVkY-00074-00046719-00046958 to cut that short if you're teaching
D2nW16QAVkY-00075-00046959-00047192 this piece I would start off playing a
D2nW16QAVkY-00076-00047193-00048359 package where it's written they don't
D2nW16QAVkY-00077-00048360-00048545 want to move it up two octaves are very
D2nW16QAVkY-00078-00048546-00048863 small or lose the Stila and the petal is
D2nW16QAVkY-00079-00048864-00049160 held right on I would learn it here and
D2nW16QAVkY-00080-00049161-00049481 then that also gives a sense of the
D2nW16QAVkY-00081-00049482-00050788 keyboard chocolate as well
D2nW16QAVkY-00082-00050789-00052069 so
D2nW16QAVkY-00083-00052070-00054842 [Music]
D2nW16QAVkY-00085-00058197-00059046 [Music]
D2nW16QAVkY-00086-00059047-00061841 [Music]
D2nW16QAVkY-00087-00061842-00062789 [Music]
D2nW16QAVkY-00088-00062790-00063540 [Music]
D2nW16QAVkY-00090-00070275-00070538 sorry to interrupt can I can I just say
D2nW16QAVkY-00091-00070539-00070721 if you could just project your voice a
D2nW16QAVkY-00092-00070722-00071003 bit more that would be people as thing
D2nW16QAVkY-00093-00071004-00071129 if you could just speak a little louder
D2nW16QAVkY-00094-00071130-00071336 that would be great so I think the
D2nW16QAVkY-00095-00071337-00071660 microphone is leased is a little way
D2nW16QAVkY-00096-00071661-00071831 from you so if you could project that
D2nW16QAVkY-00097-00071832-00073925 would be lovely which which are the
D2nW16QAVkY-00098-00073926-00074225 longest fingers and the easiest ones to
D2nW16QAVkY-00099-00074226-00074672 do that with is that okay now I think
D2nW16QAVkY-00100-00074673-00074816 we've got a comment yes that's better
D2nW16QAVkY-00101-00074817-00075170 okay wonderful so don't think there's
D2nW16QAVkY-00102-00075171-00075455 much else to say about carousel
D2nW16QAVkY-00103-00075456-00076148 so now we move on to d4 daydream
D2nW16QAVkY-00105-00079366-00079749 now this one we have the left hand
D2nW16QAVkY-00106-00079750-00080175 crossing over and playing octaves but
D2nW16QAVkY-00107-00080176-00080517 each octave descends a note each time so
D2nW16QAVkY-00108-00080518-00081046 in G F and E and D and then G right down
D2nW16QAVkY-00109-00081047-00081321 to see the right hand in the middle is
D2nW16QAVkY-00110-00081322-00081816 playing a to note slur and again as I
D2nW16QAVkY-00111-00081817-00082015 said there are a lot of to not slurs in
D2nW16QAVkY-00112-00082016-00082747 alphabet so I will work on the drop and
D2nW16QAVkY-00113-00082748-00083047 lift with that so that this becomes a
D2nW16QAVkY-00114-00083048-00083371 very natural action right throughout the
D2nW16QAVkY-00115-00083372-00083901 piece and I prepare their left hand
D2nW16QAVkY-00116-00083902-00084594 notes to be played the third finger this
D2nW16QAVkY-00117-00084595-00084822 piece of course can be taught by rote
D2nW16QAVkY-00118-00084823-00085182 and will be very difficult for child at
D2nW16QAVkY-00119-00085183-00085401 this fountain to read but I always like
D2nW16QAVkY-00120-00085402-00085638 to bring them back to the score and mix
D2nW16QAVkY-00121-00085639-00085904 playing and look at the notes and
D2nW16QAVkY-00122-00085905-00086280 understand where they are even if they
D2nW16QAVkY-00123-00086281-00087097 can't immediately so next one is e e
D2nW16QAVkY-00124-00087098-00087644 forever
D2nW16QAVkY-00126-00091527-00092371 so this dynamics powers of three bars of
D2nW16QAVkY-00127-00092372-00092673 40 even if you like and then change the
D2nW16QAVkY-00128-00092674-00093137 echo in the forest bar names bar the end
D2nW16QAVkY-00129-00093138-00093426 there's a little bit of challenge at the
D2nW16QAVkY-00130-00093427-00093807 end of this piece where we have the left
D2nW16QAVkY-00131-00093808-00094259 hand I'll just bring it up
D2nW16QAVkY-00132-00094260-00094454 you
D2nW16QAVkY-00133-00094455-00094877 so we have quite a busy line on the
D2nW16QAVkY-00134-00094878-00095885 bottom here so what I would suggest is
D2nW16QAVkY-00135-00095886-00097443 [Music]
D2nW16QAVkY-00136-00097444-00099064 [Music]
D2nW16QAVkY-00137-00099065-00099590 just because we have yeah yeah we booked
D2nW16QAVkY-00138-00099591-00099959 we've got a couple of questions now I'm
D2nW16QAVkY-00139-00099960-00100157 just going back a bit we had Giuliana
D2nW16QAVkY-00140-00100158-00100469 and you've sort of said Gabe given a bit
D2nW16QAVkY-00141-00100470-00100670 of an answer you said can you asked you
D2nW16QAVkY-00142-00100671-00100906 if she teaches these pieces by rote and
D2nW16QAVkY-00143-00100907-00101264 and I did love your your comment on that
D2nW16QAVkY-00144-00101265-00101474 JUnit that I wondered whether you could
D2nW16QAVkY-00145-00101475-00101687 explain a bit more that yes you might
D2nW16QAVkY-00146-00101688-00101888 teach it by rote but you always bring
D2nW16QAVkY-00147-00101889-00102182 the student back to the score so that
D2nW16QAVkY-00148-00102183-00102416 they start to understand what is
D2nW16QAVkY-00149-00102417-00104780 actually on there yes and it becomes
D2nW16QAVkY-00150-00104781-00105428 much quicker by using roads but I never
D2nW16QAVkY-00151-00105429-00106046 just am going to teach you at the
D2nW16QAVkY-00152-00106047-00106343 beginning I play something and get them
D2nW16QAVkY-00153-00106344-00106565 to play it on the piano without it
D2nW16QAVkY-00154-00106566-00106682 showing them in music but that's
D2nW16QAVkY-00155-00106683-00107174 different from teaching I like to
D2nW16QAVkY-00156-00107175-00107378 develop both of them always at the same
D2nW16QAVkY-00157-00107379-00107648 time I think that's a really really
D2nW16QAVkY-00158-00107649-00107841 valid valuable point
D2nW16QAVkY-00159-00107842-00108042 you've made that you always bring the
D2nW16QAVkY-00160-00108043-00108303 student back to the school and you know
D2nW16QAVkY-00161-00108304-00108627 if we think about the way that that
D2nW16QAVkY-00162-00108628-00108948 students learn to read in terms of words
D2nW16QAVkY-00163-00108949-00109233 and things the the the reading just
D2nW16QAVkY-00164-00109233-00109395 doesn't come out of nothing they're
D2nW16QAVkY-00165-00109396-00109629 already familiar aren't they with the
D2nW16QAVkY-00166-00109630-00109827 written word and things like that and
D2nW16QAVkY-00167-00109828-00110040 actually this is exactly what we're
D2nW16QAVkY-00168-00110041-00110238 doing here we're just exposing them to
D2nW16QAVkY-00169-00110239-00110475 what notation looks like so it becomes a
D2nW16QAVkY-00171-00115165-00115323 talking about this earlier on today well
D2nW16QAVkY-00172-00115324-00115497 actually about one of my students anyhow
D2nW16QAVkY-00173-00115498-00115677 we won't go down there but we have got
D2nW16QAVkY-00174-00115678-00116055 and I think it's just this not sure and
D2nW16QAVkY-00175-00116056-00116424 who asks would you suggest using
D2nW16QAVkY-00176-00116425-00116721 alphabet as a supplement to lesson books
D2nW16QAVkY-00177-00116722-00116976 thus focusing on technique in a fun
D2nW16QAVkY-00178-00116977-00117233 manner it says doesn't add a is a
D2nW16QAVkY-00179-00117234-00117518 classic but can be a bit boring for some
D2nW16QAVkY-00180-00117519-00119876 don't think the answer's yes so you can
D2nW16QAVkY-00181-00119877-00120864 focus on the actual I encourage them to
D2nW16QAVkY-00182-00120865-00121108 learn about memory
D2nW16QAVkY-00183-00121108-00121420 it's good for memory as well so I'll
D2nW16QAVkY-00184-00121421-00121846 draw a box on their practice sheet they
D2nW16QAVkY-00185-00121847-00122065 have to fill in the box how many of
D2nW16QAVkY-00186-00122066-00122374 their daily book 4 to do so it's a
D2nW16QAVkY-00187-00122375-00124345 number between 0 and I think sorry I'm
D2nW16QAVkY-00188-00124346-00124513 just just 2 but in there I think what'd
D2nW16QAVkY-00189-00124514-00124734 he say I don't with it's he or she cuz I
D2nW16QAVkY-00190-00124735-00124921 can't quite see the name so apologies to
D2nW16QAVkY-00191-00124922-00125329 that person but these could that be your
D2nW16QAVkY-00192-00125330-00125524 alphabet pieces can be used to
D2nW16QAVkY-00193-00125525-00125749 supplement it can be used also for
D2nW16QAVkY-00194-00125750-00126003 technical purposes as well you know to
D2nW16QAVkY-00196-00129736-00130083 yes yep yeah and just just raving hear
D2nW16QAVkY-00197-00130084-00130386 about d4 daydream you saying it has it
D2nW16QAVkY-00198-00130388-00130608 has both the technical ingredients to
D2nW16QAVkY-00199-00130609-00130846 wrap up the learning journey of one of
D2nW16QAVkY-00200-00130847-00131119 her pupils who's finishing off the early
D2nW16QAVkY-00201-00131120-00131338 elementary level of the the piano
D2nW16QAVkY-00202-00131339-00131575 framework for those of you that are not
D2nW16QAVkY-00203-00131576-00131704 members of the community the piano
D2nW16QAVkY-00204-00131705-00132136 framework is a a step by step sort of
D2nW16QAVkY-00205-00132137-00132646 guide to navigating your way through a
D2nW16QAVkY-00206-00132647-00132865 progression really for members of the
D2nW16QAVkY-00207-00132866-00133108 community okay should we should we move
D2nW16QAVkY-00208-00133109-00133877 on Sharon you okay F found this please
D2nW16QAVkY-00209-00133878-00136606 [Music]
D2nW16QAVkY-00210-00136607-00136949 this is a slightly more complex than it
D2nW16QAVkY-00211-00136950-00137339 looks or songs with coordination between
D2nW16QAVkY-00212-00137340-00140018 the relaxed action so neither is the
D2nW16QAVkY-00213-00140019-00140375 perfect exercise if you want someone who
D2nW16QAVkY-00214-00140376-00140531 needs a little bit of development in
D2nW16QAVkY-00216-00143982-00144170 don't have to move their hands in that
D2nW16QAVkY-00217-00144171-00144937 way and then each foot he is again a try
D2nW16QAVkY-00218-00144938-00145445 piece and you're just sitting in charge
D2nW16QAVkY-00219-00145446-00147231 [Music]
D2nW16QAVkY-00220-00147232-00147583 [Applause]
D2nW16QAVkY-00221-00147584-00149154 [Music]
D2nW16QAVkY-00222-00149155-00149831 and then this is just trying to play if
D2nW16QAVkY-00223-00149832-00150112 they can imagine that there's strumming
D2nW16QAVkY-00224-00150113-00150431 alcohol I'm not willing to state in
D2nW16QAVkY-00225-00150432-00150535 tonight
D2nW16QAVkY-00226-00150536-00150797 the faster you play it's more like it
D2nW16QAVkY-00228-00155774-00156091 move time or each bar but apart from
D2nW16QAVkY-00229-00156092-00156325 that this very little movement in this
D2nW16QAVkY-00230-00156326-00157045 piece and it's a series of therns
D2nW16QAVkY-00231-00157046-00157592 those are all story
D2nW16QAVkY-00232-00157593-00158070 the ends of some of the cases we have to
D2nW16QAVkY-00233-00158071-00158256 think carefully about which loans which
D2nW16QAVkY-00234-00158257-00158424 fingers goodies in each hand
D2nW16QAVkY-00235-00158425-00158574 what other than nothing is quite
D2nW16QAVkY-00236-00158575-00158985 straightforward piece there is a longer
D2nW16QAVkY-00237-00158986-00159252 bond at the end the three two bars to
D2nW16QAVkY-00238-00159253-00161260 two throughout but that
D2nW16QAVkY-00240-00166621-00167950 [Music]
D2nW16QAVkY-00241-00167951-00168293 okay for kangaroo is one of the easier
D2nW16QAVkY-00242-00168294-00168596 pieces and it's all about getting really
D2nW16QAVkY-00243-00168597-00169034 sharp rhythmic sound
D2nW16QAVkY-00245-00175700-00177104 [Music]
D2nW16QAVkY-00246-00177105-00179800 [Music]
D2nW16QAVkY-00248-00182901-00184125 unusual combinations what's next and I
D2nW16QAVkY-00249-00184126-00184476 think this is my favorite and it's by
D2nW16QAVkY-00250-00184477-00185238 far the hardest piece
D2nW16QAVkY-00251-00185239-00188123 [Music]
D2nW16QAVkY-00252-00188124-00188379 and then of course you can all see the
D2nW16QAVkY-00253-00188380-00188874 challenge is that first bar to
D2nW16QAVkY-00254-00188875-00189079 [Music]
D2nW16QAVkY-00255-00189080-00189429 challenging so a route approach with
D2nW16QAVkY-00256-00189430-00189828 that is helpful as well when we come to
D2nW16QAVkY-00257-00189829-00190281 the final descending scene I think it's
D2nW16QAVkY-00258-00190282-00191877 lovely to use both sounds is a nice
D2nW16QAVkY-00259-00191878-00192147 little touch to add to that but it is a
D2nW16QAVkY-00260-00192148-00192528 challenging one can I pop in with a
D2nW16QAVkY-00261-00192529-00192837 couple of questions we're all having a
D2nW16QAVkY-00262-00192838-00192969 lot of fun over here so I thought I'd
D2nW16QAVkY-00263-00192970-00193113 share it with you as well because we're
D2nW16QAVkY-00264-00193114-00193406 loving listening to all your pieces and
D2nW16QAVkY-00265-00193407-00193779 it's it's justice I think who I was
D2nW16QAVkY-00266-00193780-00193965 trying to pronounce before sorry about
D2nW16QAVkY-00267-00193966-00194325 that she says thank you so much for the
D2nW16QAVkY-00268-00194326-00194544 information about playing by rote and
D2nW16QAVkY-00269-00194545-00194811 she also says have you had students
D2nW16QAVkY-00270-00194812-00195072 transpose those into various keys some
D2nW16QAVkY-00271-00195073-00195273 of the some of these pieces can they
D2nW16QAVkY-00272-00195274-00196164 transpose them some of them would work
D2nW16QAVkY-00273-00196165-00197268 wouldn't they but not others yeah yeah
D2nW16QAVkY-00274-00197269-00197718 yeah yeah Rachel just wants to say that
D2nW16QAVkY-00275-00197719-00197954 she's new to your work and she's not at
D2nW16QAVkY-00276-00197955-00198156 all confident at teaching by rote but
D2nW16QAVkY-00277-00198157-00198396 she's saying that beginner lessons could
D2nW16QAVkY-00278-00198397-00198720 be less stressful in future if she tries
D2nW16QAVkY-00279-00198721-00198947 out your pieces
D2nW16QAVkY-00280-00198948-00199649 all right all right yes absolutely yeah
D2nW16QAVkY-00281-00199650-00199808 yeah yeah I
D2nW16QAVkY-00282-00199809-00200063 and she also call it a racial comments
D2nW16QAVkY-00283-00200064-00200336 that um you know doing these sorts of
D2nW16QAVkY-00284-00200337-00200704 pieces actually can cut down on dropout
D2nW16QAVkY-00285-00200705-00200995 rates and I think that's absolutely true
D2nW16QAVkY-00286-00200996-00201251 and I've actually just sort of commented
D2nW16QAVkY-00287-00201252-00201431 there that once you get the right
D2nW16QAVkY-00288-00201432-00201743 balance of an inner lesson so that the
D2nW16QAVkY-00289-00201744-00202013 lesson is has some of the pieces let's
D2nW16QAVkY-00290-00202014-00202268 say that you're playing alongside I mean
D2nW16QAVkY-00291-00202269-00202484 I do a lot of musicianship stuff in my
D2nW16QAVkY-00292-00202485-00202712 lessons you know we we do singing we do
D2nW16QAVkY-00293-00202713-00202907 so far could I kind of base stuff
D2nW16QAVkY-00294-00202908-00203225 alongside the reading those all going
D2nW16QAVkY-00295-00203226-00203479 along together and all of a sudden you
D2nW16QAVkY-00296-00203480-00203672 know students are just loving what
D2nW16QAVkY-00297-00203673-00203888 they're doing and what's more the
D2nW16QAVkY-00298-00203889-00204089 parents love what they what they hear
D2nW16QAVkY-00299-00204090-00206407 they suddenly hear music don't they well
D2nW16QAVkY-00300-00206408-00206684 when I say right we're gonna learn a new
D2nW16QAVkY-00301-00206685-00206863 piece is it going to be out of your
D2nW16QAVkY-00302-00206864-00207281 whatever it is your joy I was first-year
D2nW16QAVkY-00303-00207282-00207521 piano or is it going to be out of
D2nW16QAVkY-00304-00207521-00208805 alphabet they always go but they tend to
D2nW16QAVkY-00305-00208806-00209044 go with these because they are more
D2nW16QAVkY-00306-00209046-00210769 colorful I think for them brother this
D2nW16QAVkY-00307-00210771-00211069 sister and they both learned every
D2nW16QAVkY-00308-00211071-00211490 single piece in Safari the entire book
D2nW16QAVkY-00309-00211491-00211784 they've got that covered so I gave them
D2nW16QAVkY-00310-00211785-00212716 a copy of Seaver to move on
D2nW16QAVkY-00311-00212717-00213032 that kids just want to place so many
D2nW16QAVkY-00312-00213033-00213542 pieces from that is the same way but I
D2nW16QAVkY-00313-00213542-00213731 don't know it was something in Safari I
D2nW16QAVkY-00314-00213732-00214466 think we've also got a comment here for
D2nW16QAVkY-00315-00214467-00214748 Margaret that she preset the pieces are
D2nW16QAVkY-00316-00214748-00214985 really descriptive and enjoyable but
D2nW16QAVkY-00317-00214986-00215167 there's still a place for you know
D2nW16QAVkY-00318-00215169-00215396 things like the Chester's and the Paul
D2nW16QAVkY-00319-00215396-00215623 Harris it's sight-reading and I think
D2nW16QAVkY-00320-00215625-00215738 going back to what you were saying about
D2nW16QAVkY-00321-00215739-00215933 teaching by rote you know we're not we
D2nW16QAVkY-00322-00215934-00216121 were not saying one is better than the
D2nW16QAVkY-00323-00216123-00216260 other we're actually saying it's the
D2nW16QAVkY-00324-00216261-00218885 balance because teachers will contact me
D2nW16QAVkY-00325-00218886-00220271 and say what do you mean
D2nW16QAVkY-00326-00220273-00220662 what exactly do you mean by those
D2nW16QAVkY-00327-00220663-00221073 open-ended slur markings and they
D2nW16QAVkY-00328-00221074-00221408 literally just mean the lote rings on
D2nW16QAVkY-00329-00221409-00221709 you don't have to hold it for the
D2nW16QAVkY-00330-00221710-00222123 specified and load value I'll show you
D2nW16QAVkY-00331-00222124-00222619 again the second one is a crotchet but
D2nW16QAVkY-00332-00222619-00222885 the panel will be on and you can just
D2nW16QAVkY-00333-00222886-00223785 release the note so this is m4 night
D2nW16QAVkY-00336-00233332-00233700 surprised how many children can do that
D2nW16QAVkY-00337-00233701-00233982 and that's just a little feeder for when
D2nW16QAVkY-00338-00233983-00234246 you want to get into Morse series the
D2nW16QAVkY-00339-00234246-00234611 gas or pedaling later on I don't think
D2nW16QAVkY-00340-00234612-00234873 introducing it as soon as possible
D2nW16QAVkY-00341-00234873-00235146 most people's do have the understanding
D2nW16QAVkY-00342-00235146-00235446 and the coordination and that's just one
D2nW16QAVkY-00343-00235446-00235929 single in some instance and then up and
D2nW16QAVkY-00344-00235930-00236427 then we've learned how to do that old
D2nW16QAVkY-00345-00236428-00236866 for olay
D2nW16QAVkY-00347-00240650-00241006 complicated piece to play if they're
D2nW16QAVkY-00348-00241007-00241886 able for it p4
D2nW16QAVkY-00350-00245531-00245777 if you're able to watch my right hand
D2nW16QAVkY-00351-00245778-00246742 which I hope is closer to you all
D2nW16QAVkY-00352-00246742-00247132 relaxed rotation now a lot of you might
D2nW16QAVkY-00353-00247133-00247294 think it's a bit early to be thinking
D2nW16QAVkY-00354-00247296-00247814 about rotation but I'm not averse to if
D2nW16QAVkY-00355-00247815-00248209 the child can do it naturally even at
D2nW16QAVkY-00356-00248210-00248438 this stage to start thinking about it a
D2nW16QAVkY-00357-00248439-00248683 little bit of using this to play it
D2nW16QAVkY-00358-00248684-00249263 rather than fingers at the end there's a
D2nW16QAVkY-00359-00249264-00249515 pedal marking for them when they played
D2nW16QAVkY-00360-00249516-00249859 the penultimate chord
D2nW16QAVkY-00361-00249860-00250146 [Music]
D2nW16QAVkY-00362-00250148-00250435 this is training them to find new
D2nW16QAVkY-00363-00250436-00250984 positions before they need to play so we
D2nW16QAVkY-00364-00250985-00251921 have and again that's something that I
D2nW16QAVkY-00365-00251921-00252239 like to develop from very early on most
D2nW16QAVkY-00366-00252240-00252515 important tools in piano play that you
D2nW16QAVkY-00367-00252516-00253042 prepare the plants and this is an
D2nW16QAVkY-00368-00253044-00253207 example of where you can do that very
D2nW16QAVkY-00369-00253208-00253567 easily and get them to let go prepare
D2nW16QAVkY-00370-00253569-00254292 and then play
D2nW16QAVkY-00371-00254292-00255516 difficulty
D2nW16QAVkY-00372-00255517-00256258 [Music]
D2nW16QAVkY-00373-00256259-00257853 [Music]
D2nW16QAVkY-00374-00257854-00258402 [Music]
D2nW16QAVkY-00375-00258403-00259411 [Music]
D2nW16QAVkY-00376-00259412-00261061 [Music]
D2nW16QAVkY-00377-00261062-00262731 [Music]
D2nW16QAVkY-00378-00262732-00262979 [Music]
D2nW16QAVkY-00379-00262980-00263419 just getting them control into to using
D2nW16QAVkY-00380-00263420-00264187 their coordination our rainbow the right
D2nW16QAVkY-00381-00264188-00264480 hand moves up a position each time but
D2nW16QAVkY-00382-00264481-00264780 the left hand is static and that's or it
D2nW16QAVkY-00383-00264781-00265039 could show lineage because especially at
D2nW16QAVkY-00384-00265040-00265276 this stage children will want to move
D2nW16QAVkY-00385-00265277-00265506 everything together we've got to leave
D2nW16QAVkY-00386-00265507-00265714 the left hand and it's working up by
D2nW16QAVkY-00387-00265715-00265978 step on the right hand moves up so
D2nW16QAVkY-00388-00265979-00266473 that's quite a coordination of challenge
D2nW16QAVkY-00390-00269757-00271643 then at the end we have the Triads and
D2nW16QAVkY-00391-00271644-00271893 the notation would have looked much
D2nW16QAVkY-00392-00271894-00272277 better notated with left hand right now
D2nW16QAVkY-00393-00272278-00272459 in their back of the truck they they
D2nW16QAVkY-00394-00272460-00272712 slapped on the truck left baseline but
D2nW16QAVkY-00395-00272713-00273634 don't give you wrinkles s first one and
D2nW16QAVkY-00396-00273635-00274157 I wondered anything you can tell me what
D2nW16QAVkY-00397-00274158-00274719 this is a homage to because I actually
D2nW16QAVkY-00398-00274720-00274923 write a lot pieces which there's a
D2nW16QAVkY-00399-00274924-00275175 little homage to pieces that I love
D2nW16QAVkY-00400-00275176-00275657 teaching
D2nW16QAVkY-00401-00275658-00276308 [Music]
D2nW16QAVkY-00402-00276309-00277950 [Music]
D2nW16QAVkY-00403-00277951-00279870 yep we had Angie in there straight away
D2nW16QAVkY-00404-00279871-00280222 wonderful pieces ever in technical
D2nW16QAVkY-00405-00280223-00280570 studies I think that fabulous and I can
D2nW16QAVkY-00406-00280571-00280747 use them probably more than any other
D2nW16QAVkY-00407-00280748-00281011 music when I teach with that's one of my
D2nW16QAVkY-00408-00281012-00281082 favorites
D2nW16QAVkY-00409-00281083-00281587 yeah it's a straightforward piece and
D2nW16QAVkY-00410-00281588-00282106 can be taught as we know by rote all
D2nW16QAVkY-00411-00282107-00282307 right well to t4 to the Volga which
D2nW16QAVkY-00412-00282308-00282523 looks one of the easiest pieces in the
D2nW16QAVkY-00413-00282524-00282739 book but it's actually a huge challenge
D2nW16QAVkY-00414-00282740-00283486 especially one of these old handsome yes
D2nW16QAVkY-00415-00283487-00283759 and nothing will do what with those
D2nW16QAVkY-00416-00283760-00284092 masters become this is all about
D2nW16QAVkY-00417-00284093-00284401 controlling speed as we're pulling the
D2nW16QAVkY-00418-00284402-00284668 toboggan up the slope gets steeper the
D2nW16QAVkY-00419-00284669-00284920 table and gets heavier little slower and
D2nW16QAVkY-00420-00284921-00285196 then doesn't go down you get faster but
D2nW16QAVkY-00421-00285197-00285444 if the real challenge is going up and
D2nW16QAVkY-00422-00285445-00285754 achieving that slower temple each time
D2nW16QAVkY-00423-00285755-00286110 and I think it's great exercise for
D2nW16QAVkY-00424-00286111-00286380 smallest has to be small boys then
D2nW16QAVkY-00425-00286381-00287345 particularly as fast as possible
D2nW16QAVkY-00426-00287346-00289077 [Music]
D2nW16QAVkY-00428-00299897-00300282 particular people a lot of them I am not
D2nW16QAVkY-00429-00300283-00300558 puttin metronome recommendations because
D2nW16QAVkY-00430-00300559-00300828 at this stage it depends on what your
D2nW16QAVkY-00431-00300829-00301093 pupil can manage
D2nW16QAVkY-00432-00301094-00301324 so we have the staccato repeated see
D2nW16QAVkY-00433-00301325-00301873 from college in itself and then we have
D2nW16QAVkY-00434-00301874-00302395 the three notes so that's introducing
D2nW16QAVkY-00435-00302396-00302887 another node into the tree loud slap v4
D2nW16QAVkY-00436-00302888-00302974 dolçaina
D2nW16QAVkY-00437-00302975-00303306 and this piece literally is built out of
D2nW16QAVkY-00438-00303307-00304304 three notes forums e F F sharp D G
D2nW16QAVkY-00439-00304305-00304771 there's not much else
D2nW16QAVkY-00441-00310034-00310303 where as playing some pieces to children
D2nW16QAVkY-00442-00310304-00310477 they're not telling them what the pieces
D2nW16QAVkY-00443-00310478-00310708 are done yet asking them what made the
D2nW16QAVkY-00444-00310709-00310900 thing up so can you don't guess what
D2nW16QAVkY-00445-00310901-00311230 they are all set for welcome sharks
D2nW16QAVkY-00446-00311231-00312127 sharks so this is we have a be sharp in
D2nW16QAVkY-00447-00312128-00312277 the lab as well but apart from the D
D2nW16QAVkY-00448-00312278-00312520 sharp it's just built on of that little
D2nW16QAVkY-00449-00312521-00312727 console over soon it's an exercise in
D2nW16QAVkY-00450-00312728-00313522 building tectonics as well but we were
D2nW16QAVkY-00451-00313523-00314137 like 14 ww4 water fountain and I would
D2nW16QAVkY-00452-00314138-00314347 get them to be comfortable with the left
D2nW16QAVkY-00453-00314348-00314416 hand
D2nW16QAVkY-00454-00314417-00315759 c-sharp d-sharp do that first to make
D2nW16QAVkY-00455-00315760-00315913 sure they're very comfortable with the
D2nW16QAVkY-00456-00315914-00316072 right hand place the same thing the
D2nW16QAVkY-00457-00316073-00316518 whole way through
D2nW16QAVkY-00458-00316519-00317167 so again
D2nW16QAVkY-00459-00317168-00319280 [Music]
D2nW16QAVkY-00460-00319281-00319498 that's definitely something you can
D2nW16QAVkY-00461-00319499-00319747 teach by rote and it would be quite
D2nW16QAVkY-00462-00319748-00319942 difficult for them to read that but
D2nW16QAVkY-00463-00319943-00320149 again I would bring them back to the
D2nW16QAVkY-00464-00320150-00320455 score and look at how the score relates
D2nW16QAVkY-00465-00320456-00320551 to what they're doing
D2nW16QAVkY-00466-00320552-00321210 figures x4 Zhen Liu
D2nW16QAVkY-00467-00321211-00321397 [Applause]
D2nW16QAVkY-00468-00321398-00323308 [Music]
D2nW16QAVkY-00469-00323309-00323568 this is an exercise in legato playing
D2nW16QAVkY-00470-00323569-00324110 and it's maybe at the challenging end of
D2nW16QAVkY-00471-00324111-00324331 alphabet for the hands together
D2nW16QAVkY-00472-00324332-00324932 coordination why for New York now York
D2nW16QAVkY-00473-00324933-00325331 is in five four and a lot of people like
D2nW16QAVkY-00474-00325332-00325578 to say oh goodness we don't want to know
D2nW16QAVkY-00475-00325579-00325902 about 5'4 at this stage but it's
D2nW16QAVkY-00477-00334138-00334782 that for Zephyr as a challenge
D2nW16QAVkY-00478-00334783-00335297 very honest ferret piece and I would use
D2nW16QAVkY-00479-00335298-00335576 both panels for this and I also suggest
D2nW16QAVkY-00480-00335577-00335777 in the books that you start the right
D2nW16QAVkY-00481-00335778-00335939 hand of the second finger but you also
D2nW16QAVkY-00482-00335940-00336190 play it there with the third thing and
D2nW16QAVkY-00483-00336191-00336566 it's one of these three pieces where we
D2nW16QAVkY-00484-00336567-00337331 have the open-ended slurs
D2nW16QAVkY-00485-00337332-00339322 and no bar line no time signature
D2nW16QAVkY-00486-00339323-00341016 [Music]
D2nW16QAVkY-00487-00341017-00343260 [Music]
D2nW16QAVkY-00488-00343261-00345353 [Music]
D2nW16QAVkY-00489-00345354-00345847 so there are a couple of questions
D2nW16QAVkY-00490-00345848-00346152 there's lots of people saying and
D2nW16QAVkY-00491-00346153-00346428 justices is in America and she's
D2nW16QAVkY-00492-00346429-00346624 purchased the books and she says she
D2nW16QAVkY-00493-00346625-00346939 can't wait for them to get to the States
D2nW16QAVkY-00494-00346940-00347269 so she's got some transfer students who
D2nW16QAVkY-00495-00347270-00347452 have gaps in their technique and this
D2nW16QAVkY-00496-00347453-00347650 will really help them she reckons so
D2nW16QAVkY-00497-00347651-00347893 fantastic good to hear that and a
D2nW16QAVkY-00498-00347894-00348400 question Mary asks antifa toboggan why
D2nW16QAVkY-00499-00348401-00348991 not teach a c-major scale fingering
D2nW16QAVkY-00500-00348992-00349957 right team come to Papa
D2nW16QAVkY-00501-00349958-00350368 Oh Oh the descending couldn't work sorry
D2nW16QAVkY-00502-00350369-00350802 this is ending one yes C major scale
D2nW16QAVkY-00503-00350803-00351121 well if you won't do it the C major
D2nW16QAVkY-00504-00351122-00351667 scale
D2nW16QAVkY-00505-00351668-00354083 because yeah I do too because it works
D2nW16QAVkY-00506-00354084-00354482 doesn't it you know the C major scale is
D2nW16QAVkY-00507-00354483-00354674 the hardest hardest scale to get the
D2nW16QAVkY-00508-00354675-00356851 fingering right okay all right now so
D2nW16QAVkY-00509-00356852-00357095 there was another question I think Kath
D2nW16QAVkY-00510-00357096-00357394 was popping in with a question about
D2nW16QAVkY-00511-00357395-00357695 aquamarine in paintbox she was saying
D2nW16QAVkY-00512-00357696-00357851 did she pop in with question well you
D2nW16QAVkY-00513-00357852-00357935 can pop it there
D2nW16QAVkY-00514-00357936-00358154 Catherine then and then we'll see if we
D2nW16QAVkY-00515-00358155-00358769 can have have a time to look at that yes
D2nW16QAVkY-00516-00358770-00359078 lots of people sort of saying had a tray
D2nW16QAVkY-00517-00359079-00359390 of pupils learning s4 storm in a hole in
D2nW16QAVkY-00518-00359391-00359561 the school hall last week
D2nW16QAVkY-00519-00359562-00359789 Nina's saying she's taught it to four
D2nW16QAVkY-00520-00359790-00360110 French students and somebody else was
D2nW16QAVkY-00521-00360111-00360311 saying I think it was Claire was was
D2nW16QAVkY-00522-00360312-00360611 really taken with your end for night and
D2nW16QAVkY-00523-00360612-00360932 saying Halloween that's a Halloween
D2nW16QAVkY-00524-00360933-00361262 piece and I went oh yes I think she's
D2nW16QAVkY-00525-00361263-00361490 right on that one I can feel yes that's
D2nW16QAVkY-00526-00361491-00361721 right no yes Claire said can't can't
D2nW16QAVkY-00527-00361722-00361984 wait to teach em for night for Halloween
D2nW16QAVkY-00528-00361985-00362402 and I've put your a link to June's
D2nW16QAVkY-00529-00362403-00362705 web site where you can buy all the music
D2nW16QAVkY-00530-00362706-00362897 I put that up there a couple of times
D2nW16QAVkY-00531-00362898-00363122 for people and I think I'm right in
D2nW16QAVkY-00532-00363123-00363416 saying it you've got a fifth a fifth of
D2nW16QAVkY-00533-00363417-00363608 the price is off everything at the
D2nW16QAVkY-00534-00363609-00364226 moment
D2nW16QAVkY-00535-00364227-00364496 to celebrate 5,000 books so it's one
D2nW16QAVkY-00536-00364497-00364733 fits all for five days can I guess to
D2nW16QAVkY-00537-00364734-00364982 say to everybody out there that I put a
D2nW16QAVkY-00538-00364983-00365276 disclaimer note on my my website because
D2nW16QAVkY-00539-00365277-00365600 my husband has gone to America for two
D2nW16QAVkY-00540-00365601-00365849 weeks and our internet went on the blink
D2nW16QAVkY-00541-00365850-00366365 last night so I cannot deal with these
D2nW16QAVkY-00542-00366366-00366622 issues
D2nW16QAVkY-00543-00366623-00366932 your orders worst comes to the worst I
D2nW16QAVkY-00544-00366933-00367237 should be able to see them through
D2nW16QAVkY-00545-00367238-00367652 anyway there could be small technical
D2nW16QAVkY-00546-00367653-00368339 hitch here okay I'm just going to Rachel
D2nW16QAVkY-00547-00368340-00368669 has kind of popped back on and she said
D2nW16QAVkY-00548-00368670-00368834 her connection dropped when I was
D2nW16QAVkY-00549-00368835-00369020 addressing the point about finding the
D2nW16QAVkY-00550-00369021-00369338 bar between rote and other methods would
D2nW16QAVkY-00551-00369339-00369701 you be able to repeat it I think it was
D2nW16QAVkY-00552-00369702-00369878 a question of us saying there's got to
D2nW16QAVkY-00553-00369879-00370169 be a balance where we're saying that you
D2nW16QAVkY-00554-00370170-00370510 know wrote helps the inner musician to
D2nW16QAVkY-00555-00370511-00370802 to get activated and and helps to kind
D2nW16QAVkY-00556-00370803-00371078 of touch the the music making but
D2nW16QAVkY-00557-00371079-00371255 there's always got to be a balance with
D2nW16QAVkY-00558-00371256-00371645 things like you know learning to read as
D2nW16QAVkY-00559-00371646-00371888 well as developing technique and and
D2nW16QAVkY-00560-00371889-00372146 that sort of stuff it they all go and I
D2nW16QAVkY-00561-00372147-00372341 do a lot of musicianship stuff I think I
D2nW16QAVkY-00562-00372342-00372425 was saying as well
D2nW16QAVkY-00563-00372426-00372590 June can you remember what you were
D2nW16QAVkY-00564-00372591-00374693 saying at that point so I would
D2nW16QAVkY-00565-00374694-00374884 personally if I'm going to teach
D2nW16QAVkY-00566-00374885-00376124 something that much by rote absolutely
D2nW16QAVkY-00567-00376125-00376397 and I would also like to say I think a
D2nW16QAVkY-00568-00376398-00376652 lot of children who are taught to read
D2nW16QAVkY-00569-00376653-00376970 the music using a more sort of just
D2nW16QAVkY-00570-00376971-00377192 notation based approach in a tutor book
D2nW16QAVkY-00571-00377193-00377495 from the beginning actually they are
D2nW16QAVkY-00572-00377496-00377583 learning by
D2nW16QAVkY-00573-00377584-00377862 wrote there not really a lot of the time
D2nW16QAVkY-00574-00377863-00378153 Abel some of them anyhow - really
D2nW16QAVkY-00575-00378154-00378390 notation very well which is why we tend
D2nW16QAVkY-00576-00378391-00378609 to get a really big drop-off at around
D2nW16QAVkY-00577-00378610-00378831 grade 2 or grade 3 because the
D2nW16QAVkY-00578-00378832-00379056 difficulty level of reading both hands
D2nW16QAVkY-00579-00379057-00379296 at the same time actually defeats them
D2nW16QAVkY-00580-00379297-00379500 at that point in time because up till
D2nW16QAVkY-00581-00379501-00379683 then they've been very good with their
D2nW16QAVkY-00582-00379684-00379935 very sharp ears children are very bright
D2nW16QAVkY-00583-00379936-00380130 you know they're able to pick things up
D2nW16QAVkY-00584-00380131-00380430 and it's our job as teachers to really
D2nW16QAVkY-00585-00380431-00380634 be able to diagnose whether they are
D2nW16QAVkY-00586-00380635-00380946 actually understanding that written that
D2nW16QAVkY-00587-00380947-00381126 written notation so the sort of thing
D2nW16QAVkY-00588-00381127-00381303 June is saying getting them to write it
D2nW16QAVkY-00589-00381304-00381351 out
D2nW16QAVkY-00590-00381352-00381570 really shows you their level of
D2nW16QAVkY-00591-00381571-00382551 understanding so you can see here
D2nW16QAVkY-00592-00382552-00382871 [Music]
D2nW16QAVkY-00593-00382872-00383352 getting a student it was just the melody
D2nW16QAVkY-00594-00383353-00384369 for ode to joy' so again for the
D2nW16QAVkY-00595-00384370-00384663 children who need to you know you can't
D2nW16QAVkY-00596-00384664-00385104 sit for 30 minutes a piano bench because
D2nW16QAVkY-00597-00385105-00385326 it's it can be hard work they have to
D2nW16QAVkY-00598-00385327-00385509 actually start to think hard about
D2nW16QAVkY-00599-00385510-00385890 sitting still and focusing just to get
D2nW16QAVkY-00600-00385891-00386064 them off the bench and doing something
D2nW16QAVkY-00601-00386065-00386253 like that for five minutes I'm really
D2nW16QAVkY-00602-00386254-00386472 just stimulate the energy again bring
D2nW16QAVkY-00603-00386473-00386709 them back to the piano and they're in a
D2nW16QAVkY-00604-00386710-00387171 kind of good - good to go so I know I
D2nW16QAVkY-00605-00387172-00387351 find it difficult to sit still for 30
D2nW16QAVkY-00607-00391234-00391525 you mean play two fingers at once I
D2nW16QAVkY-00608-00391526-00391789 think so I'm playing you know chords or
D2nW16QAVkY-00609-00391790-00392260 triads kind of really think of anything
D2nW16QAVkY-00610-00392261-00392664 except go from what they can do to
D2nW16QAVkY-00611-00392665-00392962 something a little bit more make sure
D2nW16QAVkY-00612-00392963-00393190 that they've been well supposing
D2nW16QAVkY-00613-00393191-00393418 supposing they're having trouble playing
D2nW16QAVkY-00614-00393419-00393664 one five
D2nW16QAVkY-00615-00393665-00394673 [Music]
D2nW16QAVkY-00616-00394674-00395010 [Music]
D2nW16QAVkY-00617-00395011-00396718 the five extended to what you're trying
D2nW16QAVkY-00618-00396719-00397282 to do the conference possibly in moving
D2nW16QAVkY-00619-00397283-00397615 around because I've been I was saying
D2nW16QAVkY-00620-00397616-00397879 December quite recently about hi way
D2nW16QAVkY-00621-00397880-00398104 back when I first started teaching piano
D2nW16QAVkY-00622-00398105-00398452 and when things were luring me
D2nW16QAVkY-00623-00398453-00398587 everything was in fighting with
D2nW16QAVkY-00624-00398588-00398905 positions of middle C and where you were
D2nW16QAVkY-00625-00398906-00399094 kind of apart from the fact that you've
D2nW16QAVkY-00626-00399095-00399330 got the elbows in and it was this idea
D2nW16QAVkY-00627-00399331-00399568 because I guess this was the way I've
D2nW16QAVkY-00628-00399569-00399802 been taught that you have to learn and
D2nW16QAVkY-00629-00399803-00399961 it's like literally cleaning your
D2nW16QAVkY-00630-00399962-00400204 fingers and it's like okay that's where
D2nW16QAVkY-00631-00400205-00400369 they've got to be because then they'll
D2nW16QAVkY-00632-00400370-00400597 be ready for the notes that you play but
D2nW16QAVkY-00633-00400598-00400909 of course you end up it's very tense and
D2nW16QAVkY-00634-00400910-00401257 when you play intervals and triads
D2nW16QAVkY-00635-00401258-00401494 that's when you need students sign
D2nW16QAVkY-00636-00401495-00401881 together it's just it's doing it and
D2nW16QAVkY-00637-00401882-00402144 having a sense of relaxation
D2nW16QAVkY-00638-00402145-00402430 yeah well the relaxation is very
D2nW16QAVkY-00639-00402431-00402746 important
D2nW16QAVkY-00640-00402747-00402971 there's also adults sometimes have
D2nW16QAVkY-00641-00402972-00403271 problems with the notes not sounding
D2nW16QAVkY-00642-00403272-00403841 together and getting split notes I think
D2nW16QAVkY-00643-00403842-00404141 one of the best things for that is that
D2nW16QAVkY-00644-00404142-00404315 there's trying so hard physically to do
D2nW16QAVkY-00645-00404316-00404554 it stop thinking about the physical sign
D2nW16QAVkY-00646-00404555-00405793 and they just listen listening is what
D2nW16QAVkY-00647-00405794-00406145 triggers your muscles and getting them
D2nW16QAVkY-00648-00406146-00406381 to listen rather than work trying to
D2nW16QAVkY-00649-00406382-00406643 work on the muscles getting to work by
D2nW16QAVkY-00650-00406644-00408952 the year listen to that key the BRIT the
D2nW16QAVkY-00651-00408953-00409223 brain and the sound doesn't it I'm just
D2nW16QAVkY-00652-00409224-00409357 gonna change the subject before we
D2nW16QAVkY-00653-00409358-00409499 finish because I know a lot of people
D2nW16QAVkY-00654-00409500-00409664 are leaving us now because they're off
D2nW16QAVkY-00655-00409664-00409882 to teach but just to create this quick
D2nW16QAVkY-00656-00409883-00410070 question from CAF I don't know whether
D2nW16QAVkY-00657-00410071-00410449 Jun can address this or not she said her
D2nW16QAVkY-00658-00410450-00410701 students tend to play aquamarine from
D2nW16QAVkY-00659-00410702-00410989 paintbox I think in 6-8 to get the flow
D2nW16QAVkY-00660-00410991-00411209 is there a reason for it being written
D2nW16QAVkY-00661-00411210-00411928 in 3 4 that was a long time ago wasn't
D2nW16QAVkY-00662-00411929-00412545 it
D2nW16QAVkY-00663-00412546-00413200 it isn't 3/4 hmm we need to the bar
D2nW16QAVkY-00664-00413201-00413452 so yeah that's what the composer
D2nW16QAVkY-00665-00413453-00413812 intended if you want to play feelin sexy
D2nW16QAVkY-00666-00413813-00414103 I see no reason not the closest is known
D2nW16QAVkY-00667-00414104-00415485 is not to do that say no that's here it
D2nW16QAVkY-00668-00415487-00417330 in 6/8 yeah right it out yeah okay so
D2nW16QAVkY-00669-00417331-00417564 just want to sort of finish off with a
D2nW16QAVkY-00670-00417566-00417874 few more lovely comments that Helen has
D2nW16QAVkY-00671-00417875-00418035 said thank you so much June for your
D2nW16QAVkY-00672-00418037-00418237 wonderful music it's very inspiring for
D2nW16QAVkY-00673-00418238-00418468 both for her pupils and for your
D2nW16QAVkY-00674-00418468-00418722 teaching for her teaching and it has and
D2nW16QAVkY-00675-00418724-00419116 will transform my lessons indeed Johanna
D2nW16QAVkY-00676-00419117-00419431 said Ava alphabet is amazing
D2nW16QAVkY-00677-00419432-00419671 Thank You Johanna and she also says the
D2nW16QAVkY-00678-00419672-00419914 Doron has only been a member I think two
D2nW16QAVkY-00679-00419914-00420091 two weeks or so she says the curious
D2nW16QAVkY-00680-00420092-00420316 piano teachers is an amazing community I
D2nW16QAVkY-00681-00420317-00420505 can't believe what it's done for my
D2nW16QAVkY-00682-00420506-00420883 teaching already that's what we like to
D2nW16QAVkY-00683-00420884-00421252 hear and Rachel is saying she's always
D2nW16QAVkY-00684-00421253-00421408 up and down from the bench during
D2nW16QAVkY-00685-00421409-00421675 lessons so that sounds as though you're
D2nW16QAVkY-00686-00421676-00422001 very much on the on the right track so
D2nW16QAVkY-00687-00422002-00422247 diana is saying thank you for the
D2nW16QAVkY-00688-00422249-00422527 webinar never heard of alphabet and it
D2nW16QAVkY-00689-00422528-00422896 is great and Cathy's saying it was a
D2nW16QAVkY-00690-00422897-00423153 great lesson on comparing the two K's
D2nW16QAVkY-00691-00423154-00423385 not sure what you mean but we just
D2nW16QAVkY-00692-00423385-00423601 wanted your permission
D2nW16QAVkY-00693-00423602-00423895 I think she means on comparing the two
D2nW16QAVkY-00694-00423896-00424114 time signatures but they wanted your
D2nW16QAVkY-00695-00424114-00424404 permission okay
D2nW16QAVkY-00696-00424405-00425164 key signatures don't you mean she means
D2nW16QAVkY-00697-00425164-00425553 time signatures okay lovely okay
D2nW16QAVkY-00698-00425554-00425788 Rachel if you want to find out more
D2nW16QAVkY-00699-00425789-00425997 about the community she's just asking is
D2nW16QAVkY-00700-00425999-00426277 a link if you just click on that right
D2nW16QAVkY-00701-00426278-00426499 now that will take you to the join page
D2nW16QAVkY-00702-00426500-00426679 if you've got a question you'd like to
D2nW16QAVkY-00703-00426680-00426976 ask before you join just email us on
D2nW16QAVkY-00704-00426977-00427389 info at curious piano dot org info at
D2nW16QAVkY-00705-00427391-00427639 curious piano org or you can go to that
D2nW16QAVkY-00706-00427639-00428053 that page but I'm gonna hand over to to
D2nW16QAVkY-00707-00428054-00428235 Sharon and I'm just gonna say June thank
D2nW16QAVkY-00708-00428237-00428530 you so much really really lovely and I
D2nW16QAVkY-00709-00428531-00428791 just love alphabet and yes do keep it up
D2nW16QAVkY-00710-00428792-00430722 when those compositions please and I
D2nW16QAVkY-00711-00430724-00432393 know that everyone just again we want a
D2nW16QAVkY-00712-00432395-00432928 huge huge tune and we want to say thank
D2nW16QAVkY-00713-00432929-00433132 you to you guys for being here I know
D2nW16QAVkY-00714-00433133-00433381 that you will be going like night to
D2nW16QAVkY-00715-00433382-00433588 teach some of you already left to teach
D2nW16QAVkY-00716-00433589-00434014 a new diet will be inspired by gorgeous
D2nW16QAVkY-00717-00434014-00434458 if you have been hearing though of a
D2nW16QAVkY-00718-00434459-00434902 wonderful day wherever your listen if
D2nW16QAVkY-00719-00434903-00435226 you're not should we should we just tell
D2nW16QAVkY-00720-00435227-00435481 people that they will get a replay okay
D2nW16QAVkY-00721-00435482-00435742 they'll get a link with a replay coming
D2nW16QAVkY-00722-00435743-00435964 and if you want to keep in touch if
D2nW16QAVkY-00723-00435964-00436110 you're not if you want to keep in touch
D2nW16QAVkY-00724-00436112-00436335 with the curious piano teachers about
D2nW16QAVkY-00725-00436337-00436552 future free webinars because with what
D2nW16QAVkY-00726-00436553-00436858 got one coming up in November
D2nW16QAVkY-00727-00436859-00437118 we'll also put in a link for you to be
D2nW16QAVkY-00728-00437119-00437260 able to go over and sign up to our
D2nW16QAVkY-00729-00437260-00437545 mailing list because you know we we have
D2nW16QAVkY-00730-00437546-00437760 lots and lots and lots of things in the
D2nW16QAVkY-00731-00437761-00437937 pipeline which are very exciting
D2nW16QAVkY-00732-00437938-00438204 that's know for sure and if you're not
D2nW16QAVkY-00733-00438205-00438424 getting a member of the community by the
D2nW16QAVkY-00734-00438425-00438841 curious piano teachers then the link is
D2nW16QAVkY-00735-00438842-00439051 the curious kind of teacher yourself or
D2nW16QAVkY-00736-00439052-00439812 phone /join so have a wonderful day
D2nW16QAVkY-00737-00439813-00440286 and we will see you soon bye for now
D3_7Ql2udU8-00000-00000028-00000364 since 1918 the New York Times daily
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D3_7Ql2udU8-00005-00002173-00002460 19:18 the New York Times for complete
D3_7Ql2udU8-00006-00002461-00003165 and accurate coverage of World War one
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D3_7Ql2udU8-00026-00009405-00009623 foreign correspondents dispatches and
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D3_7Ql2udU8-00028-00009836-00010037 Lawrence for distinguished reporting of
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D3_7Ql2udU8-00031-00010593-00010817 Arthur croc for distinguished Washington
D3_7Ql2udU8-00032-00010818-00011408 correspondence
D3_7Ql2udU8-00033-00011409-00012007 topic 1940s
D3_7Ql2udU8-00034-00012008-00012317 19:40 Auto dito licious for articles
D3_7Ql2udU8-00035-00012318-00012536 from Berlin explaining the economic and
D3_7Ql2udU8-00036-00012537-00012758 ideological background of war engaged
D3_7Ql2udU8-00037-00012759-00013166 Nazi Germany 1941 the New York Times
D3_7Ql2udU8-00038-00013166-00013366 special citation for the public
D3_7Ql2udU8-00039-00013368-00013556 education value of its foreign news
D3_7Ql2udU8-00040-00013557-00013946 reports 1942 Lois stark for
D3_7Ql2udU8-00041-00013947-00014269 distinguished reporting of labor stories
D3_7Ql2udU8-00042-00014269-00014585 1943 Henson W Baldwin for a series of
D3_7Ql2udU8-00043-00014586-00014777 articles reporting a tour of the Pacific
D3_7Ql2udU8-00044-00014778-00015238 battle areas 1944 the New York Times for
D3_7Ql2udU8-00045-00015240-00015428 the most disinterested and meritorious
D3_7Ql2udU8-00046-00015429-00015584 service rendered by an American
D3_7Ql2udU8-00047-00015585-00015821 newspaper a survey of the teaching of
D3_7Ql2udU8-00048-00015822-00016262 American history 1945 James be restin
D3_7Ql2udU8-00049-00016263-00016460 for news and interpretive articles on
D3_7Ql2udU8-00050-00016461-00016774 the Dumbarton Oaks security conference
D3_7Ql2udU8-00051-00016775-00017096 1946 Arnaldo courtesy for distinguished
D3_7Ql2udU8-00052-00017097-00017333 correspondents from Buenos Aires William
D3_7Ql2udU8-00053-00017334-00017531 L Lawrence for his eyewitness account of
D3_7Ql2udU8-00054-00017532-00017735 the atomic bombing of Nagasaki and
D3_7Ql2udU8-00055-00017736-00018143 articles on the atomic bomb 1947 Brooks
D3_7Ql2udU8-00056-00018144-00018359 Atkinson for a distinguished series of
D3_7Ql2udU8-00057-00018360-00018899 articles on Russia 1949 CP Trussell for
D3_7Ql2udU8-00058-00018900-00019076 consistent excellence in covering the
D3_7Ql2udU8-00059-00019077-00019724 national scene from Washington
D3_7Ql2udU8-00060-00019725-00020335 topic 1950s
D3_7Ql2udU8-00061-00020336-00020618 19:50 Meyer burger for a distinguished
D3_7Ql2udU8-00062-00020619-00020891 example of local reporting an article on
D3_7Ql2udU8-00063-00020892-00021077 the killing of 13 people by a bizarre
D3_7Ql2udU8-00064-00021078-00021365 gunman 1951
D3_7Ql2udU8-00065-00021366-00021596 Arthur Kroc a special commendation for
D3_7Ql2udU8-00066-00021597-00021758 his exclusive interview with President
D3_7Ql2udU8-00067-00021759-00022016 Harry s Truman the outstanding instance
D3_7Ql2udU8-00068-00022017-00022250 of national reporting in 1950
D3_7Ql2udU8-00069-00022251-00022490 Cyrus L salts burger special citation
D3_7Ql2udU8-00070-00022491-00022664 for his interview with Archbishop
D3_7Ql2udU8-00071-00022665-00023099 Stepinac of Yugoslavia 1952 Anthony H
D3_7Ql2udU8-00072-00023100-00023158 lavarro
D3_7Ql2udU8-00073-00023159-00023461 for distinguished national reporting
D3_7Ql2udU8-00074-00023462-00023771 1953 the New York Times special citation
D3_7Ql2udU8-00075-00023772-00023969 for its review of the week section which
D3_7Ql2udU8-00076-00023970-00024155 has brought enliven meant and
D3_7Ql2udU8-00077-00024156-00024544 intelligent commentary to its readers
D3_7Ql2udU8-00078-00024545-00024869 1955 Paris and Esau's burry for a series
D3_7Ql2udU8-00079-00024870-00025058 based on his five years in Russia
D3_7Ql2udU8-00080-00025059-00025286 Arthur Kroc a special citation for
D3_7Ql2udU8-00081-00025287-00025436 distinguished correspondents from
D3_7Ql2udU8-00082-00025437-00025844 Washington 1956 Arthur Daley for his
D3_7Ql2udU8-00083-00025845-00026318 sports column sports of the times 1957
D3_7Ql2udU8-00084-00026319-00026579 James be restin Scotty Reston for
D3_7Ql2udU8-00085-00026580-00026857 distinguished reporting from Washington
D3_7Ql2udU8-00086-00026858-00027086 1958 the New York Times for
D3_7Ql2udU8-00087-00027087-00027777 distinguished coverage of foreign news
D3_7Ql2udU8-00088-00027779-00028399 topic 1960s
D3_7Ql2udU8-00089-00028400-00028772 1960 a.m. Rosenthal for perceptive and
D3_7Ql2udU8-00090-00028773-00029168 authoritative reporting from Poland 1963
D3_7Ql2udU8-00091-00029169-00029351 Anthony Lewis for distinguished
D3_7Ql2udU8-00092-00029352-00029539 reporting of the United States Supreme
D3_7Ql2udU8-00093-00029541-00029927 Court 1964 David Halberstam for
D3_7Ql2udU8-00094-00029927-00030083 distinguished reporting from South
D3_7Ql2udU8-00095-00030083-00030479 Vietnam 1968 Anthony Lucas for a
D3_7Ql2udU8-00096-00030480-00030686 distinguished example of local reporting
D3_7Ql2udU8-00097-00030687-00030854 an article on a murdered
D3_7Ql2udU8-00098-00030855-00031025 eighteen-year-old girl in her two
D3_7Ql2udU8-00099-00031026-00031612 different lives
D3_7Ql2udU8-00100-00031613-00032258 topic 1970s
D3_7Ql2udU8-00101-00032258-00032502 1978 Oh Louise Huxtable for
D3_7Ql2udU8-00102-00032502-00032804 distinguished architecture criticism
D3_7Ql2udU8-00103-00032805-00033129 1971 Harold C Schoenberg music critic
D3_7Ql2udU8-00104-00033130-00033540 for distinguished criticism 1972 the New
D3_7Ql2udU8-00105-00033541-00033753 York Times for a distinguished example
D3_7Ql2udU8-00106-00033754-00033942 of meritorious public service by a
D3_7Ql2udU8-00107-00033943-00034170 newspaper publication of the Pentagon
D3_7Ql2udU8-00108-00034171-00034641 Papers 1973 max Frankel for his coverage
D3_7Ql2udU8-00109-00034642-00034842 of President Richard Nixon's visit to
D3_7Ql2udU8-00110-00034843-00035037 China a distinguished example of
D3_7Ql2udU8-00111-00035038-00035442 reporting on international affairs 1974
D3_7Ql2udU8-00112-00035443-00035625 Hedrick Smith for a distinguished
D3_7Ql2udU8-00113-00035626-00035808 example of reporting on foreign affairs
D3_7Ql2udU8-00114-00035809-00036276 coverage of the Soviet Union 1976 Sidney
D3_7Ql2udU8-00115-00036277-00036483 H schanberg for his coverage of the fall
D3_7Ql2udU8-00116-00036484-00036732 of Cambodia a distinguished example of
D3_7Ql2udU8-00117-00036733-00036965 reporting on foreign affairs Walter W
D3_7Ql2udU8-00118-00036966-00037230 Smith Redd Smith for his sports of the
D3_7Ql2udU8-00119-00037231-00037527 times column an example of distinguished
D3_7Ql2udU8-00120-00037528-00037974 criticism 1978 Henrique am chief Asian
D3_7Ql2udU8-00121-00037975-00038181 diplomatic correspondent for articles
D3_7Ql2udU8-00122-00038182-00038328 calling attention to the plight of
D3_7Ql2udU8-00123-00038329-00038607 indo-chinese refugees Walter Kerr Sunday
D3_7Ql2udU8-00124-00038608-00038796 drama critic for an outstanding example
D3_7Ql2udU8-00125-00038797-00039018 of distinguished criticism William
D3_7Ql2udU8-00126-00039019-00039276 Safire op-ed page columnist for his
D3_7Ql2udU8-00127-00039277-00039456 columns on the Bert Lance affair an
D3_7Ql2udU8-00128-00039457-00039864 example of distinguished commentary 1979
D3_7Ql2udU8-00129-00039865-00040227 Russell Baker for his observer column an
D3_7Ql2udU8-00130-00040228-00040904 example of distinguished commentary
D3_7Ql2udU8-00131-00040905-00041489 topic 1980s
D3_7Ql2udU8-00132-00041490-00041858 1981 Dave Anderson for his sports of the
D3_7Ql2udU8-00133-00041859-00042164 times column an example of distinguished
D3_7Ql2udU8-00134-00042165-00042386 commentary John M cruising for his
D3_7Ql2udU8-00135-00042387-00042548 coverage of illegal aliens and
D3_7Ql2udU8-00136-00042549-00042761 immigration a distinguished example of
D3_7Ql2udU8-00137-00042762-00043176 reporting on national affairs 1982 John
D3_7Ql2udU8-00138-00043177-00043398 Darden for his coverage of the crisis in
D3_7Ql2udU8-00139-00043399-00043598 Poland a distinguished example of
D3_7Ql2udU8-00140-00043599-00043802 international reporting Jack Rosenthal
D3_7Ql2udU8-00141-00043803-00044058 deputy editorial page editor for a
D3_7Ql2udU8-00142-00044059-00044273 distinguished example of editorial page
D3_7Ql2udU8-00143-00044274-00044685 writing 1983 Thomas L Friedman for his
D3_7Ql2udU8-00144-00044686-00044858 coverage of the war in Lebanon a
D3_7Ql2udU8-00145-00044859-00045068 distinguished example of international
D3_7Ql2udU8-00146-00045069-00045279 reporting Nancy Robertson for her
D3_7Ql2udU8-00147-00045280-00045429 article in the new york times magazine
D3_7Ql2udU8-00148-00045430-00045660 on her experience with toxic shock
D3_7Ql2udU8-00149-00045661-00045855 syndrome a distinguished example of
D3_7Ql2udU8-00150-00045856-00046265 feature writing 1984 paul goldberger for
D3_7Ql2udU8-00151-00046266-00046458 distinguished architecture criticism
D3_7Ql2udU8-00152-00046459-00046643 john noble wilfred for national
D3_7Ql2udU8-00153-00046644-00046802 reporting on a wide variety of
D3_7Ql2udU8-00154-00046803-00047240 scientific topics 1986 Donal Hanahan
D3_7Ql2udU8-00155-00047241-00047483 music critic for distinguished criticism
D3_7Ql2udU8-00156-00047484-00047687 the New York Times for explanatory
D3_7Ql2udU8-00157-00047688-00047907 journalism a series of articles on the
D3_7Ql2udU8-00158-00047908-00048143 Strategic Defense Initiative that Star
D3_7Ql2udU8-00159-00048144-00048662 Wars program 1987 the New York Times for
D3_7Ql2udU8-00160-00048663-00048849 national reporting on causes of the
D3_7Ql2udU8-00161-00048850-00049098 Challenger Shuttle disaster Alex s Jones
D3_7Ql2udU8-00162-00049099-00049317 for distinguished specialized reporting
D3_7Ql2udU8-00163-00049318-00049467 on the dissension that dissolved a
D3_7Ql2udU8-00164-00049468-00049871 Louisville newspaper dynasty 1988 Thomas
D3_7Ql2udU8-00165-00049872-00050082 L Friedman for coverage of Israel a
D3_7Ql2udU8-00166-00050083-00050282 distinguished example of reporting on
D3_7Ql2udU8-00167-00050283-00050682 international affairs 1989 bill Keller
D3_7Ql2udU8-00168-00050683-00050876 for coverage of the Soviet Union a
D3_7Ql2udU8-00169-00050877-00051071 distinguished example of reporting on
D3_7Ql2udU8-00170-00051072-00051425 international affairs
D3_7Ql2udU8-00171-00051426-00051764 EPIK 1990s 1990 Niklas D kristof and
D3_7Ql2udU8-00172-00051765-00052004 Sheryl WuDunn for coverage of political
D3_7Ql2udU8-00173-00052004-00052250 turmoil in China a distinguished example
D3_7Ql2udU8-00174-00052251-00052525 of reporting on international affairs
D3_7Ql2udU8-00175-00052526-00052826 1991 Nathalie Angie ER for coverage of
D3_7Ql2udU8-00176-00052827-00053075 molecular biology and animal behavior a
D3_7Ql2udU8-00177-00053076-00053291 distinguished example of beat reporting
D3_7Ql2udU8-00178-00053291-00053467 Serge chemin for coverage of the
D3_7Ql2udU8-00179-00053469-00053696 reunification of Germany a distinguished
D3_7Ql2udU8-00180-00053697-00053900 example of reporting on international
D3_7Ql2udU8-00181-00053901-00054308 affairs 1992 Anna Quindlen for public
D3_7Ql2udU8-00182-00054309-00054529 and private a compelling column covering
D3_7Ql2udU8-00183-00054530-00054710 a wide range of personal and political
D3_7Ql2udU8-00184-00054711-00055004 topics Howell Raines for Grady's gift an
D3_7Ql2udU8-00185-00055004-00055163 account in the New York Times Magazine
D3_7Ql2udU8-00186-00055164-00055361 of his childhood friendship with his
D3_7Ql2udU8-00187-00055362-00055541 family's house keeper in the lasting
D3_7Ql2udU8-00188-00055541-00055666 lessons of their interracial
D3_7Ql2udU8-00189-00055667-00056066 relationship 1993 John F burns for
D3_7Ql2udU8-00190-00056066-00056240 courageous coverage of the strife and
D3_7Ql2udU8-00191-00056241-00056447 destruction in Bosnia a distinguished
D3_7Ql2udU8-00192-00056448-00056816 example of international reporting 1994
D3_7Ql2udU8-00193-00056816-00057035 the New York Times for local reporting
D3_7Ql2udU8-00194-00057036-00057275 of the 1993 World Trade Center bombing
D3_7Ql2udU8-00195-00057276-00057500 pulling the efforts of the Metropolitan
D3_7Ql2udU8-00196-00057501-00057695 staff as well as Times journalists
D3_7Ql2udU8-00197-00057696-00057916 covering locations as far ranging as the
D3_7Ql2udU8-00198-00057917-00058103 Middle East in Washington Isabel
D3_7Ql2udU8-00199-00058104-00058279 Wilkerson for distinguished feature
D3_7Ql2udU8-00200-00058280-00058504 writing Kevin Carter for his photograph
D3_7Ql2udU8-00201-00058505-00058694 of a vulture perching near a little girl
D3_7Ql2udU8-00202-00058695-00058874 in the Sudan who had collapsed from
D3_7Ql2udU8-00203-00058875-00059084 hunger a picture that became an icon of
D3_7Ql2udU8-00204-00059085-00059462 starvation 1995 Margaux Jefferson for
D3_7Ql2udU8-00205-00059463-00059605 her book reviews and other pieces
D3_7Ql2udU8-00206-00059607-00060020 examples of distinguished criticism 1996
D3_7Ql2udU8-00207-00060021-00060212 rick bragg for distinguished feature
D3_7Ql2udU8-00208-00060213-00060419 writing Robert D McFadden for
D3_7Ql2udU8-00209-00060420-00060626 distinguished rewrite journalism applied
D3_7Ql2udU8-00210-00060627-00060848 to a broad range of stories Robert B
D3_7Ql2udU8-00211-00060849-00061085 Semple jr. for distinguished editorial
D3_7Ql2udU8-00212-00061086-00061448 writing on environmental issues 1997
D3_7Ql2udU8-00213-00061449-00061646 John F burns for distinguished
D3_7Ql2udU8-00214-00061647-00061844 international reporting on the Taliban
D3_7Ql2udU8-00215-00061845-00062138 movement in Afghanistan 1998 Linda
D3_7Ql2udU8-00216-00062139-00062341 greenhouse for reporting on the Supreme
D3_7Ql2udU8-00217-00062342-00062519 Court's work and its significance with
D3_7Ql2udU8-00218-00062520-00062716 sophistication and a sense of history
D3_7Ql2udU8-00219-00062717-00063065 Michiko Kakutani for reviewing 1997 s
D3_7Ql2udU8-00220-00063066-00063269 many major literary works and essays
D3_7Ql2udU8-00221-00063270-00063470 that were fearless and authoritative the
D3_7Ql2udU8-00222-00063471-00063683 New York Times for a series of articles
D3_7Ql2udU8-00223-00063684-00063857 on the effects of drug corruption in
D3_7Ql2udU8-00224-00063858-00064064 Mexico a distinguished example of
D3_7Ql2udU8-00225-00064065-00064417 international reporting 1999 Maureen
D3_7Ql2udU8-00226-00064419-00064628 Dowd for the moral insight in which she
D3_7Ql2udU8-00227-00064629-00064772 brought to bear in her columns
D3_7Ql2udU8-00228-00064773-00064940 the combat between President Bill
D3_7Ql2udU8-00229-00064941-00065141 Clinton and Kenneth Starr the New York
D3_7Ql2udU8-00230-00065141-00065372 Times notably Jeff girth for a series of
D3_7Ql2udU8-00231-00065373-00065579 articles disclosing the corporate sale
D3_7Ql2udU8-00232-00065580-00065800 of American technology to China with the
D3_7Ql2udU8-00233-00065801-00065981 approval of the US government despite
D3_7Ql2udU8-00234-00065982-00066642 national security risks
D3_7Ql2udU8-00235-00066643-00067211 topic 2000s
D3_7Ql2udU8-00236-00067212-00067492 2001 the New York Times for national
D3_7Ql2udU8-00237-00067493-00067654 reporting for its compelling and
D3_7Ql2udU8-00238-00067655-00067842 memorable series exploring racial
D3_7Ql2udU8-00239-00067843-00068007 experiences and attitudes across
D3_7Ql2udU8-00240-00068008-00068286 contemporary America David Cay Johnston
D3_7Ql2udU8-00241-00068287-00068550 beep reporting for his penetrating and
D3_7Ql2udU8-00242-00068551-00068728 enterprising reporting that exposed
D3_7Ql2udU8-00243-00068729-00068959 loopholes and inequities in the u.s. tax
D3_7Ql2udU8-00244-00068960-00069126 code which was instrumental in bringing
D3_7Ql2udU8-00245-00069127-00069531 about reforms 2002 the New York Times
D3_7Ql2udU8-00246-00069532-00069766 for public service for a nation
D3_7Ql2udU8-00247-00069767-00070021 challenged a daily special section
D3_7Ql2udU8-00248-00070022-00070174 covering the aftermath of the September
D3_7Ql2udU8-00249-00070175-00070459 11th attacks the war in Afghanistan and
D3_7Ql2udU8-00250-00070460-00070686 America's campaign against terrorism the
D3_7Ql2udU8-00251-00070687-00070950 section which included biographical
D3_7Ql2udU8-00252-00070951-00071151 sketches of the victims also appeared
D3_7Ql2udU8-00253-00071152-00071337 online the New York Times for its
D3_7Ql2udU8-00254-00071338-00071524 informed and detailed reporting that
D3_7Ql2udU8-00255-00071525-00071751 profiled the global terrorism network in
D3_7Ql2udU8-00256-00071752-00071929 the threats it posed a distinguished
D3_7Ql2udU8-00257-00071930-00072166 example of explanatory reporting the New
D3_7Ql2udU8-00258-00072167-00072328 York Times for its photographs
D3_7Ql2udU8-00259-00072329-00072474 chronicling the pain and the
D3_7Ql2udU8-00260-00072475-00072642 perseverance of people enduring
D3_7Ql2udU8-00261-00072643-00072871 protracted conflict in Afghanistan and
D3_7Ql2udU8-00262-00072872-00073092 Pakistan a distinguished example of
D3_7Ql2udU8-00263-00073093-00073293 feature photography the New York Times
D3_7Ql2udU8-00264-00073294-00073449 for its consistently outstanding
D3_7Ql2udU8-00265-00073450-00073666 photographic coverage of the terrorist
D3_7Ql2udU8-00266-00073667-00073830 attack on New York City and it's
D3_7Ql2udU8-00267-00073831-00074047 aftermath a distinguished example of
D3_7Ql2udU8-00268-00074048-00074236 breaking news photography gretchen
D3_7Ql2udU8-00269-00074237-00074436 morgenson for her trenchant and incisive
D3_7Ql2udU8-00270-00074437-00074649 wall street coverage a distinguished
D3_7Ql2udU8-00271-00074650-00074880 example of beat reporting barry barrack
D3_7Ql2udU8-00272-00074881-00075028 for his deeply affecting and
D3_7Ql2udU8-00273-00075029-00075235 illuminating coverage of daily life in
D3_7Ql2udU8-00274-00075236-00075460 war-torn Afghanistan a distinguished
D3_7Ql2udU8-00275-00075461-00075663 example of reporting on international
D3_7Ql2udU8-00276-00075664-00075892 affairs Thomas Friedman for his clarity
D3_7Ql2udU8-00277-00075893-00076044 of vision based on the extensive
D3_7Ql2udU8-00278-00076045-00076234 reporting in commenting on the worldwide
D3_7Ql2udU8-00279-00076235-00076581 impact of the terrorist threat 2003
D3_7Ql2udU8-00280-00076582-00076806 Clifford J levy for Investigative
D3_7Ql2udU8-00281-00076807-00077136 Reporting for his broken homes series
D3_7Ql2udU8-00282-00077137-00077317 that exposed the abuse of mentally ill
D3_7Ql2udU8-00283-00077318-00077746 adults in state regulated homes 2004 the
D3_7Ql2udU8-00284-00077747-00077953 New York Times for public service for
D3_7Ql2udU8-00285-00077954-00078142 its series written by David Barstow and
D3_7Ql2udU8-00286-00078143-00078346 Lowell Bergman that examined death and
D3_7Ql2udU8-00287-00078347-00078525 injury among American workers and
D3_7Ql2udU8-00288-00078526-00078738 exposed employers who break basic safety
D3_7Ql2udU8-00289-00078739-00079131 rules 2005 Walt bugged Aneesh for
D3_7Ql2udU8-00290-00079132-00079324 national reporting for his investigative
D3_7Ql2udU8-00291-00079325-00079518 series about the corporate cover-up of
D3_7Ql2udU8-00292-00079519-00079729 responsibility for fatal accidents at
D3_7Ql2udU8-00293-00079730-00080116 railway crossings 2006 Niklas D
D3_7Ql2udU8-00294-00080117-00080323 Christoph for commentary on bringing the
D3_7Ql2udU8-00295-00080324-00080521 genocide in Darfur to the worlds at
D3_7Ql2udU8-00296-00080522-00080755 tenshun Joseph Kahn and Jim Yardley for
D3_7Ql2udU8-00297-00080756-00080905 international reporting for their
D3_7Ql2udU8-00298-00080906-00081109 examination of China's legal system
D3_7Ql2udU8-00299-00081110-00081324 James risen and Eric glitched Blau for
D3_7Ql2udU8-00300-00081325-00081505 national reporting for their coverage of
D3_7Ql2udU8-00301-00081506-00081699 the United States government's secret
D3_7Ql2udU8-00302-00081700-00082066 eavesdropping program 2007 Andria
D3_7Ql2udU8-00303-00082067-00082269 Elliott for feature writing for coverage
D3_7Ql2udU8-00304-00082270-00082455 of an immigrant imam striving to serve
D3_7Ql2udU8-00305-00082456-00082857 his faithful in America 2008 Amy Harman
D3_7Ql2udU8-00306-00082858-00083080 for explanatory reporting on the social
D3_7Ql2udU8-00307-00083081-00083329 impact of genetic tests Walt Bogdan eesh
D3_7Ql2udU8-00308-00083330-00083509 and Jake hooker for investigative
D3_7Ql2udU8-00309-00083510-00083625 reporting on how contaminated
D3_7Ql2udU8-00310-00083626-00083836 ingredients from China make their way
D3_7Ql2udU8-00311-00083837-00084131 into consumer goods including medicine
D3_7Ql2udU8-00312-00084132-00084411 2009 David Barstow for his tenacious
D3_7Ql2udU8-00313-00084412-00084634 reporting that revealed how some retired
D3_7Ql2udU8-00314-00084635-00084841 generals working as radio and television
D3_7Ql2udU8-00315-00084842-00085042 analysts had been co-opted by the
D3_7Ql2udU8-00316-00085043-00085240 Pentagon to make its case for the war in
D3_7Ql2udU8-00317-00085241-00085423 Iraq and how many of them also had
D3_7Ql2udU8-00318-00085424-00085587 undisclosed ties to companies that
D3_7Ql2udU8-00319-00085588-00086299 benefited from policies they defended
D3_7Ql2udU8-00320-00086300-00086610 topic 2010
D3_7Ql2udU8-00321-00086611-00086852 you
D3_7Ql2udU8-00322-00086853-00087156 20:10 Michael Moss in explanatory
D3_7Ql2udU8-00323-00087157-00087348 reporting for an investigative feature
D3_7Ql2udU8-00324-00087349-00087657 on food safety EG contaminated meat mat
D3_7Ql2udU8-00325-00087658-00087864 rick tell in national reporting for a
D3_7Ql2udU8-00326-00087865-00088008 series on the dangers of distracted
D3_7Ql2udU8-00327-00088009-00088266 driving Sheri Fink of ProPublica in
D3_7Ql2udU8-00328-00088267-00088428 collaboration with the New York Times
D3_7Ql2udU8-00329-00088429-00088698 magazine an investigative reporting for
D3_7Ql2udU8-00330-00088699-00088896 the deadly choices at Memorial about
D3_7Ql2udU8-00331-00088897-00089145 Hurricane Katrina survivors award shared
D3_7Ql2udU8-00332-00089146-00089490 with the Philadelphia Daily News 2011
D3_7Ql2udU8-00333-00089491-00089715 Clifford J Levy and Ellen berry in
D3_7Ql2udU8-00334-00089716-00089913 international reporting for their above
D3_7Ql2udU8-00335-00089914-00090135 the lot series which examined abuse of
D3_7Ql2udU8-00336-00090136-00090351 power in Russia showing how authorities
D3_7Ql2udU8-00337-00090352-00090570 had jailed beaten or harassed citizens
D3_7Ql2udU8-00338-00090571-00090774 who opposed them and David Leonhardt in
D3_7Ql2udU8-00339-00090775-00090969 commentary for his weekly column
D3_7Ql2udU8-00340-00090970-00091137 economic scene which offered
D3_7Ql2udU8-00341-00091138-00091332 perspectives on the formidable problems
D3_7Ql2udU8-00342-00091333-00091539 confronting America from creating jobs
D3_7Ql2udU8-00343-00091540-00091944 to recalibrating tax rates 2012 David
D3_7Ql2udU8-00344-00091945-00092193 Cote gender ski-in explanatory reporting
D3_7Ql2udU8-00345-00092194-00092382 for his series on tax avoidance and
D3_7Ql2udU8-00346-00092383-00092574 Jeffrey gentlemen in international
D3_7Ql2udU8-00347-00092575-00092784 reporting for his reports on famine and
D3_7Ql2udU8-00348-00092785-00093141 conflict in East Africa 2013 David
D3_7Ql2udU8-00349-00093142-00093387 Barstow and Alejandra zanuck von Bert
D3_7Ql2udU8-00350-00093388-00093597 Trapp an investigative reporting for
D3_7Ql2udU8-00351-00093598-00093831 describing bribery by Walmart in Mexico
D3_7Ql2udU8-00352-00093832-00094062 New York Times staff in explanatory
D3_7Ql2udU8-00353-00094063-00094284 reporting for examining global business
D3_7Ql2udU8-00354-00094285-00094458 practices of Apple Inc and other
D3_7Ql2udU8-00355-00094459-00094707 technology companies David Barbosa in
D3_7Ql2udU8-00356-00094708-00094920 international reporting for exposing
D3_7Ql2udU8-00357-00094921-00095100 corruption in the Chinese government and
D3_7Ql2udU8-00358-00095101-00095306 John branch in feature writing for
D3_7Ql2udU8-00359-00095307-00095655 snowfall a multimedia presentation about
D3_7Ql2udU8-00360-00095656-00096093 avalanches 2014 Tyler Hicks in breaking
D3_7Ql2udU8-00361-00096094-00096267 news photography for his compelling
D3_7Ql2udU8-00362-00096268-00096450 pictures that showed skill and bravery
D3_7Ql2udU8-00363-00096451-00096690 in documenting the unfolding terrorists
D3_7Ql2udU8-00364-00096691-00096891 attacked at Westgate Mall in Kenya
D3_7Ql2udU8-00365-00096892-00097137 Josh Hamer in feature photography for
D3_7Ql2udU8-00366-00097138-00097338 his moving essay on a Boston Marathon
D3_7Ql2udU8-00367-00097339-00097557 bombast victim who lost most of both
D3_7Ql2udU8-00368-00097558-00097764 legs and now is painfully rebuilding his
D3_7Ql2udU8-00369-00097765-00098154 life 2015 Eric Lipton an investigative
D3_7Ql2udU8-00370-00098155-00098340 reporting for reporting that showed how
D3_7Ql2udU8-00371-00098341-00098523 the influence of lobbyists can sway
D3_7Ql2udU8-00372-00098524-00098676 congressional leaders and state
D3_7Ql2udU8-00373-00098677-00098874 attorneys general slanting justice
D3_7Ql2udU8-00374-00098875-00099051 toward the wealthy and connected New
D3_7Ql2udU8-00375-00099052-00099243 York Times staff in international
D3_7Ql2udU8-00376-00099244-00099417 reporting for courageous frontline
D3_7Ql2udU8-00377-00099418-00099621 reporting and vivid human stories on
D3_7Ql2udU8-00378-00099622-00099864 Ebola in Africa engaging the public with
D3_7Ql2udU8-00379-00099865-00100047 the scope and details of the outbreak
D3_7Ql2udU8-00380-00100048-00100230 while holding authorities accountable
D3_7Ql2udU8-00381-00100231-00100386 Daniel Berra who liqu in feature
D3_7Ql2udU8-00382-00100387-00100601 photography for his gripping courageous
D3_7Ql2udU8-00383-00100602-00100815 photographs of the Ebola epidemic in
D3_7Ql2udU8-00384-00100816-00101172 West Africa 2016 Tyler Hicks
D3_7Ql2udU8-00385-00101173-00101409 Mauricio Lima Sergey Poonam Aravind
D3_7Ql2udU8-00386-00101410-00101535 Daniel editor for breaking news
D3_7Ql2udU8-00387-00101536-00101724 photography for coverage of the ongoing
D3_7Ql2udU8-00388-00101725-00101931 migrant crisis in Europe and the Middle
D3_7Ql2udU8-00389-00101932-00101982 East
D3_7Ql2udU8-00390-00101983-00102159 and Alissa Reuben for international
D3_7Ql2udU8-00391-00102160-00102330 reporting for her coverage of the lives
D3_7Ql2udU8-00392-00102331-00102458 of women and girls in Afghanistan
D3_7Ql2udU8-00393-00102459-00102699 including the horrific murder of young
D3_7Ql2udU8-00394-00102700-00102879 Afghan woman who was beaten to death by
D3_7Ql2udU8-00395-00102880-00103101 a mob after being falsely accused of
D3_7Ql2udU8-00396-00103102-00103398 burning a Koran John Woo and Adam ellic
D3_7Ql2udU8-00397-00103399-00103602 produced a powerful accompanying video
D3_7Ql2udU8-00398-00103603-00103780 about the murder
D3_7Ql2udU8-00399-00103781-00103982 20:17 CJ
D3_7Ql2udU8-00400-00103983-00104223 Chivers in feature writing for showing
D3_7Ql2udU8-00401-00104224-00104411 through an artful accumulation of fact
D3_7Ql2udU8-00402-00104413-00104618 and detail that a Marines post-war
D3_7Ql2udU8-00403-00104619-00104817 descent into violence reflected neither
D3_7Ql2udU8-00404-00104818-00105018 the actions of a simple criminal nor a
D3_7Ql2udU8-00405-00105019-00105489 stereotypical case of PTSD 2017 the New
D3_7Ql2udU8-00406-00105490-00105683 York Times staff in international
D3_7Ql2udU8-00407-00105684-00105891 reporting for agenda-setting reporting
D3_7Ql2udU8-00408-00105892-00106107 on Vladimir Putin's efforts to project
D3_7Ql2udU8-00409-00106108-00106275 Russia's power abroad revealing
D3_7Ql2udU8-00410-00106276-00106476 techniques that included assassination
D3_7Ql2udU8-00411-00106477-00106674 online harassment and the planting of
D3_7Ql2udU8-00412-00106675-00107070 incriminating evidence on opponents 2017
D3_7Ql2udU8-00413-00107071-00107250 Daniel Berra who leaked in breaking news
D3_7Ql2udU8-00414-00107251-00107451 photography for powerful storytelling
D3_7Ql2udU8-00415-00107452-00107655 through images published in The New York
D3_7Ql2udU8-00416-00107656-00107838 Times showing the callous disregard for
D3_7Ql2udU8-00417-00107839-00108021 human life in the Philippines brought
D3_7Ql2udU8-00418-00108022-00108201 about by a government assault on drug
D3_7Ql2udU8-00419-00108202-00108447 dealers and users moved into this
D3_7Ql2udU8-00420-00108448-00108663 category from feature photography by the
D3_7Ql2udU8-00421-00108664-00109098 Nominating jury 2018 Jody contour Meghan
D3_7Ql2udU8-00422-00109099-00109353 to a Emily Steele and Michael Schmitt in
D3_7Ql2udU8-00423-00109354-00109661 public service for explosive impactful
D3_7Ql2udU8-00424-00109663-00109914 journalism that exposed powerful and
D3_7Ql2udU8-00425-00109915-00110139 wealthy sexual predators including
D3_7Ql2udU8-00426-00110140-00110370 allegations against one of Hollywood's
D3_7Ql2udU8-00427-00110371-00110625 most influential producers bringing them
D3_7Ql2udU8-00428-00110626-00110772 to account for long suppressed
D3_7Ql2udU8-00429-00110773-00111054 allegations of coercion brutality and
D3_7Ql2udU8-00430-00111055-00111255 victims silencing the spurring a
D3_7Ql2udU8-00431-00111256-00111491 worldwide reckoning about sexual abuse
D3_7Ql2udU8-00432-00111492-00111798 of women received jointly with Ronan
D3_7Ql2udU8-00433-00111799-00112245 Farrow of The New Yorker 2018 staff in
D3_7Ql2udU8-00434-00112246-00112500 national reporting for deeply sourced
D3_7Ql2udU8-00435-00112501-00112731 relentlessly reported coverage in the
D3_7Ql2udU8-00436-00112732-00112916 public interest that dramatically
D3_7Ql2udU8-00437-00112917-00113135 furthered the nation's understanding of
D3_7Ql2udU8-00438-00113136-00113376 Russian interference in the 2016
D3_7Ql2udU8-00439-00113377-00113553 presidential election and its
D3_7Ql2udU8-00440-00113554-00113631 connections
D3_7Ql2udU8-00441-00113632-00113828 to the Trump campaign the president
D3_7Ql2udU8-00442-00113829-00114061 elects transition team and his eventual
D3_7Ql2udU8-00443-00114063-00114389 administration received jointly with the
D3_7Ql2udU8-00444-00114390-00114677 Washington Post 2018
D3_7Ql2udU8-00445-00114678-00114860 Jake Halpern and Michael Sloan in
D3_7Ql2udU8-00446-00114861-00115100 editorial cartooning for an emotionally
D3_7Ql2udU8-00447-00115101-00115286 powerful series told in graphic
D3_7Ql2udU8-00448-00115288-00115484 narrative form that chronicled the daily
D3_7Ql2udU8-00449-00115485-00115658 struggles of a real-life family of
D3_7Ql2udU8-00450-00115659-00116363 refugees in its fear of deportation
D3_7Ql2udU8-00451-00116364-00116894 topic see also
D3_7Ql2udU8-00452-00116895-00117347 list of awards won by the New York Times
D6trMX7_LVM-00000-00000212-00001491 [Music]
D6trMX7_LVM-00001-00001492-00002463 is
D6trMX7_LVM-00002-00002464-00003368 blur face
D6trMX7_LVM-00003-00003369-00004722 [Music]
D6trMX7_LVM-00004-00004723-00005023 bye
D6z4_pFAVlM-00000-00000391-00000551 let's call the birth control shoes why
D6z4_pFAVlM-00001-00000552-00000607 is that
D6z4_pFAVlM-00002-00000608-00000943 shoes yeah why is that near you when
D6z4_pFAVlM-00003-00000944-00001823 they see those shoes
D6z4_pFAVlM-00004-00001823-00001975 okay we have eileen here how are you
D6z4_pFAVlM-00005-00001976-00002191 doing eileen i haven't seen you in a
D6z4_pFAVlM-00006-00002192-00002255 while right
D6z4_pFAVlM-00007-00002256-00002567 yeah three months four months
D6z4_pFAVlM-00008-00002568-00002895 i saw in february so oh five months
D6z4_pFAVlM-00009-00002896-00003222 this is called the pandemic toes
D6z4_pFAVlM-00010-00003223-00003367 i haven't seen you since the pandemic
D6z4_pFAVlM-00011-00003368-00003606 right you've been staying home
D6z4_pFAVlM-00012-00003607-00003854 most of the time yeah it wasn't a while
D6z4_pFAVlM-00013-00003855-00003999 ago the storefront i mean
D6z4_pFAVlM-00014-00004000-00004143 the other day my friend took me to the
D6z4_pFAVlM-00015-00004144-00004351 store she has a handicapped ground so
D6z4_pFAVlM-00016-00004352-00004399 god bless
D6z4_pFAVlM-00017-00004400-00004711 them but um i was so exhausted after i
D6z4_pFAVlM-00018-00004712-00004775 had to do this
D6z4_pFAVlM-00019-00004776-00004991 shocking the smart final i felt like i
D6z4_pFAVlM-00020-00004992-00005206 had walked to huntington beach and back
D6z4_pFAVlM-00021-00005207-00005431 oh really was there was there a long
D6z4_pFAVlM-00022-00005432-00005695 line there was a long line
D6z4_pFAVlM-00023-00005696-00005838 and you go to the end of the store and
D6z4_pFAVlM-00024-00005839-00006022 everybody gets in line to go to
D6z4_pFAVlM-00025-00006023-00006263 get in the grocery store checkout oh
D6z4_pFAVlM-00026-00006264-00006567 sorry sorry
D6z4_pFAVlM-00027-00006568-00006887 these nails are long
D6z4_pFAVlM-00028-00006888-00007246 we haven't seen you in a while
D6z4_pFAVlM-00029-00007247-00007478 all right but you brought a lot of shoes
D6z4_pFAVlM-00030-00007479-00007751 for us today for the our shoe drive
D6z4_pFAVlM-00031-00007752-00007951 my screwdriver is going really well oh
D6z4_pFAVlM-00032-00007952-00008167 good yeah we have a lot of people
D6z4_pFAVlM-00033-00008168-00008310 cleaning their homes right they're
D6z4_pFAVlM-00034-00008311-00008567 staying home so i clean my whole house
D6z4_pFAVlM-00035-00008568-00008607 too
D6z4_pFAVlM-00036-00008608-00008831 so a lot of people are cleaning their
D6z4_pFAVlM-00037-00008832-00009014 closets and
D6z4_pFAVlM-00038-00009015-00009214 garage so they have a lot of shoes you
D6z4_pFAVlM-00039-00009215-00009439 know so we've been picking up a lot of
D6z4_pFAVlM-00040-00009440-00009487 shoes
D6z4_pFAVlM-00041-00009488-00009623 i love bringing those birth control
D6z4_pFAVlM-00042-00009624-00009759 shoes from the air force those shoes are
D6z4_pFAVlM-00043-00009760-00009871 so ugly but
D6z4_pFAVlM-00044-00009872-00009974 i just keep those because they're good
D6z4_pFAVlM-00045-00009975-00010151 that i have what what kind of what kind
D6z4_pFAVlM-00046-00010152-00010295 of shoes they're called birth control
D6z4_pFAVlM-00047-00010296-00010399 shoes really
D6z4_pFAVlM-00048-00010400-00010710 what did they call them
D6z4_pFAVlM-00049-00010711-00010878 did you go to catholic school or no yeah
D6z4_pFAVlM-00050-00010879-00011071 i went to catholic high school
D6z4_pFAVlM-00051-00011072-00011263 oh well you don't never have shoes and
D6z4_pFAVlM-00052-00011264-00011423 the nuns were still wearing the habits
D6z4_pFAVlM-00053-00011424-00011471 and
D6z4_pFAVlM-00054-00011472-00011663 they always used to wear those little
D6z4_pFAVlM-00055-00011664-00011823 lace-up shoes but it was a little healed
D6z4_pFAVlM-00056-00011824-00011942 they're like flash i'll bring them to
D6z4_pFAVlM-00057-00011943-00012038 show you because they're worth a good
D6z4_pFAVlM-00058-00012039-00012127 laugh
D6z4_pFAVlM-00059-00012128-00012278 but it's called the birth control shoes
D6z4_pFAVlM-00060-00012279-00012591 why is that shoes yeah why is that
D6z4_pFAVlM-00061-00012592-00012710 nobody's gonna hear you when they see
D6z4_pFAVlM-00062-00012711-00013086 those shoes
D6z4_pFAVlM-00063-00013087-00013335 just natural birth control huh they're a
D6z4_pFAVlM-00064-00013336-00013407 little lost
D6z4_pFAVlM-00065-00013408-00013535 yeah i was gonna bring them because they
D6z4_pFAVlM-00066-00013536-00013822 were really i i need to see it
D6z4_pFAVlM-00067-00013823-00014030 you know you mean the nuns wear it yeah
D6z4_pFAVlM-00068-00014031-00014151 but they were the ones with the little
D6z4_pFAVlM-00069-00014152-00014199 the little
D6z4_pFAVlM-00070-00014200-00014319 heels but maybe they said they might
D6z4_pFAVlM-00071-00014319-00014447 have worn those flat ones but they were
D6z4_pFAVlM-00072-00014447-00014583 ugly as hell those shoes
D6z4_pFAVlM-00073-00014584-00014822 really yeah and then and then it keeps
D6z4_pFAVlM-00074-00014823-00014958 the keeps the guys away
D6z4_pFAVlM-00075-00014959-00015063 that's what i said they just called
D6z4_pFAVlM-00076-00015063-00015183 birth control she's when i was in the
D6z4_pFAVlM-00077-00015184-00015375 air for there so at one time
D6z4_pFAVlM-00078-00015376-00015671 i never he and i forgot my shoes and
D6z4_pFAVlM-00079-00015672-00015799 those are your shoes i had to go to
D6z4_pFAVlM-00080-00015800-00015847 dinner
D6z4_pFAVlM-00081-00015847-00016071 i can't believe it i said i don't care
D6z4_pFAVlM-00082-00016072-00016199 i'm going to dinner i don't care they
D6z4_pFAVlM-00083-00016200-00016343 don't like these shoes or not but they
D6z4_pFAVlM-00084-00016344-00016422 are ugly
D6z4_pFAVlM-00085-00016423-00016615 so you you wear the birth control shoes
D6z4_pFAVlM-00086-00016616-00016735 yeah cause that's the only shoes i have
D6z4_pFAVlM-00087-00016736-00016919 offshore and then what happened
D6z4_pFAVlM-00088-00016920-00017027 did it work
D6z4_pFAVlM-00089-00017028-00017222 [Laughter]
D6z4_pFAVlM-00090-00017223-00017527 didn't keep him away
D6z4_pFAVlM-00091-00017528-00017830 so how did how did that date go all was
D6z4_pFAVlM-00092-00017831-00017935 fine but
D6z4_pFAVlM-00093-00017936-00018143 somebody said oh those shoes and then
D6z4_pFAVlM-00094-00018144-00018279 and they and they said you must be in
D6z4_pFAVlM-00095-00018280-00018422 the air force and i said yeah i forgot
D6z4_pFAVlM-00096-00018423-00018575 my shoes i said okay i'm hungry i'm
D6z4_pFAVlM-00097-00018576-00018703 coming here to eat i don't care
D6z4_pFAVlM-00098-00018704-00019158 really that's hilarious
D6z4_pFAVlM-00099-00019159-00019327 wow look at this one this has gotten
D6z4_pFAVlM-00100-00019328-00019486 really big i'll get to that a little bit
D6z4_pFAVlM-00101-00019487-00019527 okay
D6z4_pFAVlM-00102-00019528-00019719 let me do the nails first but isn't
D6z4_pFAVlM-00103-00019720-00019886 something you can soften it
D6z4_pFAVlM-00104-00019887-00020047 to soften it and then yeah yeah i
D6z4_pFAVlM-00105-00020048-00020214 remember i i gave you a prescription but
D6z4_pFAVlM-00106-00020215-00020271 now the
D6z4_pFAVlM-00107-00020272-00020527 the urea cream is not prescription
D6z4_pFAVlM-00108-00020528-00020647 anymore
D6z4_pFAVlM-00109-00020648-00020799 so you can buy them online i want to
D6z4_pFAVlM-00110-00020800-00020943 show you something i had from the va and
D6z4_pFAVlM-00111-00020944-00021014 i thought i put it
D6z4_pFAVlM-00112-00021015-00021327 in my bag of goodies but that's not uh
D6z4_pFAVlM-00113-00021328-00021519 what is it are you gonna have lunch for
D6z4_pFAVlM-00114-00021520-00021703 us on friday
D6z4_pFAVlM-00115-00021704-00022022 friday oh yeah we are i know you're
D6z4_pFAVlM-00116-00022023-00022255 gonna volunteer right yes to sort out
D6z4_pFAVlM-00117-00022256-00022439 shoes this friday
D6z4_pFAVlM-00118-00022440-00022711 thanks for doing that and yes we have
D6z4_pFAVlM-00119-00022712-00022958 snacks and water and
D6z4_pFAVlM-00120-00022959-00023214 we got all those ordered for you already
D6z4_pFAVlM-00121-00023215-00023399 did you come last week
D6z4_pFAVlM-00122-00023400-00023758 or two oh i see yeah we're
D6z4_pFAVlM-00123-00023759-00023958 we had about five people come over they
D6z4_pFAVlM-00124-00023959-00024135 sorted all the
D6z4_pFAVlM-00125-00024136-00024447 sorted all the shoes you know
D6z4_pFAVlM-00126-00024448-00024703 so we're expecting another five
D6z4_pFAVlM-00127-00024704-00024871 volunteers this friday
D6z4_pFAVlM-00128-00024872-00025135 so you're one of them i didn't realize
D6z4_pFAVlM-00129-00025136-00025222 so
D6z4_pFAVlM-00130-00025223-00025575 yes we have food prepared for you
D6z4_pFAVlM-00131-00025576-00025822 okay that's the least we can do right
D6z4_pFAVlM-00132-00025823-00025958 you guys are working hard down
D6z4_pFAVlM-00133-00025960-00026118 downstairs at the time that's the taco
D6z4_pFAVlM-00134-00026119-00026358 bite the taco thing though
D6z4_pFAVlM-00135-00026360-00026567 well we're gonna do it on september 23rd
D6z4_pFAVlM-00136-00026568-00026814 that's our donation celebration
D6z4_pFAVlM-00137-00026816-00026974 for the shoes but i'm not sure if we're
D6z4_pFAVlM-00138-00026975-00027135 gonna be able to celebrate with all the
D6z4_pFAVlM-00139-00027136-00027287 people coming
D6z4_pFAVlM-00140-00027288-00027558 that remains to be seen right but if we
D6z4_pFAVlM-00141-00027560-00027751 can do it we'll have the taco truck back
D6z4_pFAVlM-00142-00027752-00027887 and then we're gonna
D6z4_pFAVlM-00143-00027888-00028070 we're gonna do it again okay well that's
D6z4_pFAVlM-00144-00028072-00028199 very nice yeah
D6z4_pFAVlM-00145-00028200-00028518 so we'll definitely try to celebrate uh
D6z4_pFAVlM-00146-00028519-00028839 get some people together but if possible
D6z4_pFAVlM-00147-00028839-00029095 uh depends on where where this pandemic
D6z4_pFAVlM-00148-00029095-00029295 goes right
D6z4_pFAVlM-00149-00029295-00029751 so just wear the damn mask yeah
D6z4_pFAVlM-00150-00029752-00030151 so so you've been home most of the time
D6z4_pFAVlM-00151-00030152-00030462 you couldn't come see me huh well the
D6z4_pFAVlM-00152-00030463-00030527 day you're
D6z4_pFAVlM-00153-00030527-00030767 busy and then i ended up doing some i go
D6z4_pFAVlM-00154-00030768-00030918 twice a week to physical therapy and i
D6z4_pFAVlM-00155-00030919-00031070 wasn't feeling good
D6z4_pFAVlM-00156-00031072-00031231 on the weekend so i said i'm not gonna
D6z4_pFAVlM-00157-00031232-00031311 go and i don't think i have the
D6z4_pFAVlM-00158-00031312-00031495 coronavirus i just
D6z4_pFAVlM-00159-00031495-00031631 well my friend took me with her
D6z4_pFAVlM-00160-00031632-00031839 handicapped grandson to go shopping
D6z4_pFAVlM-00161-00031839-00031951 and she didn't come in with me he said
D6z4_pFAVlM-00162-00031952-00032151 that's okay well i haven't been to smart
D6z4_pFAVlM-00163-00032152-00032414 and final oh my god what a cluster
D6z4_pFAVlM-00164-00032416-00032551 i was exhausted having to do that at
D6z4_pFAVlM-00165-00032552-00032711 least i got a guy at the smart final is
D6z4_pFAVlM-00166-00032712-00032839 nice enough to
D6z4_pFAVlM-00167-00032840-00032974 you know i didn't have my walker or
D6z4_pFAVlM-00168-00032975-00033111 anything with me i held onto the cart
D6z4_pFAVlM-00169-00033112-00033174 and just
D6z4_pFAVlM-00170-00033175-00033327 a little groceries for me but that was
D6z4_pFAVlM-00171-00033328-00033590 like a workout yeah
D6z4_pFAVlM-00172-00033591-00033751 you had a wedding was there was there a
D6z4_pFAVlM-00173-00033752-00033959 lot of people in the store or yeah
D6z4_pFAVlM-00174-00033960-00034135 they only let so many people in they
D6z4_pFAVlM-00175-00034136-00034279 well no it seemed like it was
D6z4_pFAVlM-00176-00034280-00034415 it was full but then when it was time
D6z4_pFAVlM-00177-00034416-00034623 for checkout it was like oh my gosh
D6z4_pFAVlM-00178-00034624-00034751 you had to wait in line to go to
D6z4_pFAVlM-00179-00034752-00034927 checkout and you had to stay six feet
D6z4_pFAVlM-00180-00034928-00035174 apart and oh got around the corner
D6z4_pFAVlM-00181-00035175-00035431 so you have to wait to get in you have
D6z4_pFAVlM-00182-00035432-00035615 to wait to check out
D6z4_pFAVlM-00183-00035616-00035807 it's a long process yeah it's it's a
D6z4_pFAVlM-00184-00035808-00035967 whole event
D6z4_pFAVlM-00185-00035968-00036174 going shopping if they didn't have it
D6z4_pFAVlM-00186-00036175-00036295 hadn't been hit by the car and have the
D6z4_pFAVlM-00187-00036296-00036407 balance problems
D6z4_pFAVlM-00188-00036408-00036774 oh well yeah this one's really hurt this
D6z4_pFAVlM-00189-00036775-00036951 one unless your cow's got out of control
D6z4_pFAVlM-00190-00036952-00037118 here
D6z4_pFAVlM-00191-00037119-00037430 you know i try to put something to
D6z4_pFAVlM-00192-00037431-00037615 soften it to make it you know
D6z4_pFAVlM-00193-00037616-00037879 yeah yeah i'll give you a right down for
D6z4_pFAVlM-00194-00037880-00038071 you yuria cream you go get it
D6z4_pFAVlM-00195-00038072-00038343 uh online they don't even sell them at
D6z4_pFAVlM-00196-00038344-00038479 the store you have to
D6z4_pFAVlM-00197-00038480-00038679 i don't know they don't sell them at the
D6z4_pFAVlM-00198-00038680-00038823 pharmacy either
D6z4_pFAVlM-00199-00038824-00039039 i figured they would but they they don't
D6z4_pFAVlM-00200-00039040-00039246 that's what my patients tell me
D6z4_pFAVlM-00201-00039247-00039462 but you can you can order online it's it
D6z4_pFAVlM-00202-00039463-00039583 has to be 40
D6z4_pFAVlM-00203-00039584-00039855 okay if it's less than 40 it's not very
D6z4_pFAVlM-00204-00039856-00039918 effective
D6z4_pFAVlM-00205-00039919-00040174 you just put it on this area after you
D6z4_pFAVlM-00206-00040175-00040302 come out of the shower
D6z4_pFAVlM-00207-00040303-00040574 and then put a little sock over it
D6z4_pFAVlM-00208-00040575-00040783 overnight and then it really softens it
D6z4_pFAVlM-00209-00040784-00040935 every day okay
D6z4_pFAVlM-00210-00040936-00041367 now you know dr foley right yes yes
D6z4_pFAVlM-00211-00041368-00041511 uh-huh well she's gonna do the opening
D6z4_pFAVlM-00212-00041512-00041735 she saw my foot a couple months ago so
D6z4_pFAVlM-00213-00041736-00041862 she's gonna die when she saw i said you
D6z4_pFAVlM-00214-00041863-00041967 know i probably should have this foot
D6z4_pFAVlM-00215-00041968-00042083 done first but
D6z4_pFAVlM-00216-00042084-00042383 really i guess i'm pretty feet until i
D6z4_pFAVlM-00217-00042384-00042455 got already
D6z4_pFAVlM-00218-00042456-00042646 these are like inmates yeah you have
D6z4_pFAVlM-00219-00042647-00042774 rheumatoid arthritis huh
D6z4_pFAVlM-00220-00042775-00043230 yeah yeah
D6z4_pFAVlM-00221-00043231-00043887 sorry you're real sensitive
D6z4_pFAVlM-00222-00043888-00044055 so how are you managing your rheumatoid
D6z4_pFAVlM-00223-00044056-00044207 arthritis
D6z4_pFAVlM-00224-00044208-00044358 it was very difficult and there's a new
D6z4_pFAVlM-00225-00044359-00044551 drug coming out that came out a lot of
D6z4_pFAVlM-00226-00044552-00044743 the reviews
D6z4_pFAVlM-00227-00044744-00046335 or something that means i haven't
D6z4_pFAVlM-00228-00046336-00046572 oh telemedicine yeah yeah yeah
D6z4_pFAVlM-00229-00046573-00046727 [Music]
D6z4_pFAVlM-00230-00046728-00046918 we did a lot of that too when it first
D6z4_pFAVlM-00231-00046919-00047062 happened but
D6z4_pFAVlM-00232-00047063-00047239 you know what i do i can't just talk you
D6z4_pFAVlM-00233-00047240-00047683 know i gotta do stuff right
D6z4_pFAVlM-00234-00047684-00048783 so
D6z4_pFAVlM-00235-00048784-00049390 your toes are hiding on me
D6z4_pFAVlM-00236-00049391-00049767 and she really cares so you're sensitive
D6z4_pFAVlM-00237-00049768-00050118 on these things huh
D6z4_pFAVlM-00238-00050119-00050662 okay how about this one
D6z4_pFAVlM-00239-00050663-00050967 there you are it's your foot it's not
D6z4_pFAVlM-00240-00050968-00051174 cooperating
D6z4_pFAVlM-00241-00051175-00051470 all right yeah you don't like this
D6z4_pFAVlM-00242-00051471-00051614 grinding too much so i'll do a little
D6z4_pFAVlM-00243-00051615-00051687 bit okay
D6z4_pFAVlM-00244-00051688-00052046 i just want the sharp edges off
D6z4_pFAVlM-00245-00052047-00052358 so you don't focus yourself but i'm glad
D6z4_pFAVlM-00246-00052359-00052438 you're back
D6z4_pFAVlM-00247-00052439-00052615 i haven't seen you almost five months
D6z4_pFAVlM-00248-00052616-00052950 with this lockdown and everything
D6z4_pFAVlM-00249-00052951-00053103 but i've been working the whole time you
D6z4_pFAVlM-00250-00053104-00053623 know i've been busy
D6z4_pFAVlM-00251-00053624-00053838 yeah we never closed we worked the whole
D6z4_pFAVlM-00252-00053839-00053975 time
D6z4_pFAVlM-00253-00053976-00054182 yeah hopefully that helps and you should
D6z4_pFAVlM-00254-00054183-00054399 get some urea cream for that
D6z4_pFAVlM-00255-00054400-00054623 heart callus you put it on every night
D6z4_pFAVlM-00256-00054624-00054750 all
D6z4_pFAVlM-00257-00054751-00054919 yeah i'll bring i'll give it to you okay
D6z4_pFAVlM-00258-00054920-00055111 all right so you got my shoes
D6z4_pFAVlM-00259-00055112-00055254 yeah i'm gonna bring those birth control
D6z4_pFAVlM-00260-00055255-00055399 shoes because they're very nice yeah i
D6z4_pFAVlM-00261-00055400-00055575 wanna i wanna i wanna see the birth
D6z4_pFAVlM-00262-00055576-00055735 control shoes
D6z4_pFAVlM-00263-00055736-00055942 see what happens okay thanks for
D6z4_pFAVlM-00264-00055944-00056142 allowing me to film you today here's
D6z4_pFAVlM-00265-00056144-00056287 your after shot
D6z4_pFAVlM-00266-00056288-00056471 i should have painted my toes but you
D6z4_pFAVlM-00267-00056472-00056591 know i was gonna ask you what is all
D6z4_pFAVlM-00268-00056591-00056895 this stuff on my feet like
D8gH9pIiBeu-00000-00000008-00000158 if you're thinking about moving to a new
D8gH9pIiBeu-00001-00000159-00000342 place it can be hard to know some of the
D8gH9pIiBeu-00002-00000343-00000543 specifics about the area that you're
D8gH9pIiBeu-00003-00000544-00000759 wanting to move to so i want to go over
D8gH9pIiBeu-00004-00000760-00000958 some of the highlights of the city of
D8gH9pIiBeu-00005-00000959-00001207 marietta that really only locals would
D8gH9pIiBeu-00006-00001208-00001366 know about thanks so much to everyone
D8gH9pIiBeu-00007-00001367-00001519 who's reached out to me asking me about
D8gH9pIiBeu-00008-00001520-00001647 living in atlanta if you're thinking
D8gH9pIiBeu-00009-00001648-00001791 about moving here or you just want to
D8gH9pIiBeu-00010-00001792-00001991 know what it's like to live in atlanta
D8gH9pIiBeu-00011-00001992-00002223 feel free to call or text me anytime i'm
D8gH9pIiBeu-00012-00002224-00002391 more than happy to help one of the first
D8gH9pIiBeu-00013-00002392-00002542 spots that we're going to talk about is
D8gH9pIiBeu-00014-00002543-00002831 session stand session stand is a coffee
D8gH9pIiBeu-00015-00002832-00003031 shop in the middle of a neighborhood
D8gH9pIiBeu-00016-00003032-00003303 right near downtown marietta the area
D8gH9pIiBeu-00017-00003304-00003519 there is filled with homes that were
D8gH9pIiBeu-00018-00003520-00003606 built
D8gH9pIiBeu-00019-00003607-00003886 in the 20s and 30s and really it was one
D8gH9pIiBeu-00020-00003887-00004063 of the oldest parts of the city of
D8gH9pIiBeu-00021-00004064-00004311 marietta and so the residential area
D8gH9pIiBeu-00022-00004312-00004638 there has lots of homes with small lots
D8gH9pIiBeu-00023-00004639-00004943 very quaint homes with lots of character
D8gH9pIiBeu-00024-00004944-00005270 and this area has that kind of downtown
D8gH9pIiBeu-00025-00005271-00005375 feel
D8gH9pIiBeu-00026-00005376-00005622 lots of people walking around there lots
D8gH9pIiBeu-00027-00005623-00005870 of community in that part of marietta
D8gH9pIiBeu-00028-00005871-00006127 but right in the middle of this densely
D8gH9pIiBeu-00029-00006128-00006431 residential area is a coffee shop that
D8gH9pIiBeu-00030-00006431-00006678 really only a few people know about
D8gH9pIiBeu-00031-00006679-00006895 there isn't a lot of parking near this
D8gH9pIiBeu-00032-00006895-00007103 coffee shop because it's not really in a
D8gH9pIiBeu-00033-00007104-00007342 place that has a lot of commercial space
D8gH9pIiBeu-00034-00007343-00007591 so it's really a coffee shop that you
D8gH9pIiBeu-00035-00007592-00007719 kind of have to walk to or you're
D8gH9pIiBeu-00036-00007720-00007942 parking very far from and you're walking
D8gH9pIiBeu-00037-00007943-00008199 to session stand has some of the best
D8gH9pIiBeu-00038-00008200-00008478 coffee and it's also a bakery there in
D8gH9pIiBeu-00039-00008479-00008735 this neighborhood in downtown marietta a
D8gH9pIiBeu-00040-00008736-00008903 lot of the homes in this area were built
D8gH9pIiBeu-00041-00008904-00009135 as i said like in the 20s and 30s as
D8gH9pIiBeu-00042-00009136-00009303 this is really the oldest part of the
D8gH9pIiBeu-00043-00009304-00009478 city of marietta and the average home
D8gH9pIiBeu-00044-00009479-00009695 value in this neighborhood is about five
D8gH9pIiBeu-00045-00009696-00009903 or six hundred thousand there are lots
D8gH9pIiBeu-00046-00009904-00010191 of parks in this area and sessions stand
D8gH9pIiBeu-00047-00010192-00010463 is really about a 15-minute walk to
D8gH9pIiBeu-00048-00010464-00010735 downtown marietta so maybe about a mile
D8gH9pIiBeu-00049-00010736-00010935 to the downtown area and the downtown
D8gH9pIiBeu-00050-00010936-00011142 area of marietta is also known as
D8gH9pIiBeu-00051-00011143-00011319 marietta square which is something that
D8gH9pIiBeu-00052-00011320-00011542 we talk a lot about in this channel
D8gH9pIiBeu-00053-00011543-00011806 downtown marietta or marietta square has
D8gH9pIiBeu-00054-00011807-00011974 glover park right in the middle where
D8gH9pIiBeu-00055-00011975-00012110 the fountain is
D8gH9pIiBeu-00056-00012111-00012310 also they have the courthouse there they
D8gH9pIiBeu-00057-00012311-00012527 have lots of restaurants and shops
D8gH9pIiBeu-00058-00012528-00012791 in downtown marietta but session stand
D8gH9pIiBeu-00059-00012792-00013086 is really a special unique part of
D8gH9pIiBeu-00060-00013087-00013327 marietta that very few people know about
D8gH9pIiBeu-00061-00013328-00013503 and if you're ever in marietta you
D8gH9pIiBeu-00062-00013504-00013638 really want to check out that coffee
D8gH9pIiBeu-00063-00013640-00015311 shop and bakery
D8gH9pIiBeu-00064-00015312-00015479 okay the next thing that really only
D8gH9pIiBeu-00065-00015480-00015719 locals know about marietta is the
D8gH9pIiBeu-00066-00015719-00015903 difference between west cobb and east
D8gH9pIiBeu-00067-00015904-00015991 cobb
D8gH9pIiBeu-00068-00015991-00016135 those terms are really something that
D8gH9pIiBeu-00069-00016136-00016366 only people around here use but keep in
D8gH9pIiBeu-00070-00016368-00016615 mind that all of west cop is in marietta
D8gH9pIiBeu-00071-00016616-00016886 and all of east cobb is also in marietta
D8gH9pIiBeu-00072-00016887-00017094 so it's really more like east and west
D8gH9pIiBeu-00073-00017095-00017343 marietta it's not necessarily the just
D8gH9pIiBeu-00074-00017344-00017591 the county of cobb county but there are
D8gH9pIiBeu-00075-00017592-00017807 a few reasons why we differentiate west
D8gH9pIiBeu-00076-00017808-00018014 cobb from east cobb first of all west
D8gH9pIiBeu-00077-00018015-00018247 cobb is west of downtown marietta and
D8gH9pIiBeu-00078-00018248-00018511 east cobb as you can imagine is east of
D8gH9pIiBeu-00079-00018512-00018758 downtown marietta but there are a lot of
D8gH9pIiBeu-00080-00018759-00018991 differences there as well west cobb is a
D8gH9pIiBeu-00081-00018992-00019247 more rural area than east cobb west cop
D8gH9pIiBeu-00082-00019248-00019567 has lower home values close to about 600
D8gH9pIiBeu-00083-00019568-00019655 000
D8gH9pIiBeu-00084-00019656-00019830 as we all know home values are rising
D8gH9pIiBeu-00085-00019831-00020175 very fast now so as of april of 2022 i
D8gH9pIiBeu-00086-00020176-00020367 would say the home values in west cobb
D8gH9pIiBeu-00087-00020368-00020703 are around 600 maybe 550 and then in
D8gH9pIiBeu-00088-00020704-00020886 east cop home values average a little
D8gH9pIiBeu-00089-00020887-00021278 bit higher maybe closer to 700 or 650
D8gH9pIiBeu-00090-00021279-00021511 for average home in east cobb and then
D8gH9pIiBeu-00091-00021512-00021719 some other differences there west cobb
D8gH9pIiBeu-00092-00021720-00021903 like i said is a little bit more rural
D8gH9pIiBeu-00093-00021904-00022119 you can get more land for your home
D8gH9pIiBeu-00094-00022120-00022350 there in west cobb and then east cobb a
D8gH9pIiBeu-00095-00022351-00022575 little less land the homes in east cobb
D8gH9pIiBeu-00096-00022576-00022830 tend to be a little bit older
D8gH9pIiBeu-00097-00022831-00023039 also east cobb is closer to fulton
D8gH9pIiBeu-00098-00023040-00023319 county so closer to alpharetta closer to
D8gH9pIiBeu-00099-00023320-00023583 roswell closer to sandy springs whereas
D8gH9pIiBeu-00100-00023584-00023822 west cobb is a little further from the
D8gH9pIiBeu-00101-00023823-00023999 city further from the city of atlanta
D8gH9pIiBeu-00102-00024000-00024086 and then
D8gH9pIiBeu-00103-00024087-00024294 also further out into more rural areas
D8gH9pIiBeu-00104-00024295-00024535 like cherokee county and also paulding
D8gH9pIiBeu-00105-00024536-00024639 county
D8gH9pIiBeu-00106-00024640-00024863 because there's more land and more area
D8gH9pIiBeu-00107-00024864-00025158 to build on in west cobb also most of
D8gH9pIiBeu-00108-00025159-00025414 the new construction is in west cobb as
D8gH9pIiBeu-00109-00025415-00025503 well
D8gH9pIiBeu-00110-00025504-00025687 whereas east cobb is
D8gH9pIiBeu-00111-00025688-00025911 you know smaller lots more expensive
D8gH9pIiBeu-00112-00025912-00026150 homes so you can get more home for your
D8gH9pIiBeu-00113-00026151-00026399 money in west cobb overall though the
D8gH9pIiBeu-00114-00026400-00026574 the two are very similar in a lot of
D8gH9pIiBeu-00115-00026575-00026831 ways very suburban living for both east
D8gH9pIiBeu-00116-00026832-00027039 cobb and west cobb they both have the
D8gH9pIiBeu-00117-00027039-00027255 neighborhoods with the hoas really you
D8gH9pIiBeu-00118-00027256-00027462 can find community in both of these
D8gH9pIiBeu-00119-00027463-00027687 areas and both east cobb and west cobb
D8gH9pIiBeu-00120-00027688-00027895 are about the same distance to marietta
D8gH9pIiBeu-00121-00027895-00028135 square maybe 10 to 15 minutes depending
D8gH9pIiBeu-00122-00028136-00028335 on what part of the city you're in as
D8gH9pIiBeu-00123-00028336-00028502 far as being close to the interstate
D8gH9pIiBeu-00124-00028504-00028687 both east cop and west cop are about the
D8gH9pIiBeu-00125-00028688-00029007 same distance since interstate 75 runs
D8gH9pIiBeu-00126-00029008-00029311 very close to downtown marietta so you
D8gH9pIiBeu-00127-00029312-00029527 can see there's a lot of similarities
D8gH9pIiBeu-00128-00029527-00029767 between west cobb and east cobb but some
D8gH9pIiBeu-00129-00029768-00029990 of the biggest differences are
D8gH9pIiBeu-00130-00029991-00030214 home values and then also the amount of
D8gH9pIiBeu-00131-00030216-00030470 like density in the population in each
D8gH9pIiBeu-00132-00030472-00030670 less population in west cobb a little
D8gH9pIiBeu-00133-00030672-00030902 bit more in east cobb and then also
D8gH9pIiBeu-00134-00030903-00031167 being so close to fulton county east
D8gH9pIiBeu-00135-00031168-00031502 cobb is a lot more it's similar to
D8gH9pIiBeu-00136-00031503-00031695 living in alpharetta or roswell whereas
D8gH9pIiBeu-00137-00031695-00031983 west cobb is more similar to
D8gH9pIiBeu-00138-00031983-00032135 like living in paulding county or
D8gH9pIiBeu-00139-00032136-00032367 cherokee county less people
D8gH9pIiBeu-00140-00032368-00032599 more land more rural so those are really
D8gH9pIiBeu-00141-00032600-00032758 some of the biggest differences between
D8gH9pIiBeu-00142-00032760-00033918 the two
D8gH9pIiBeu-00143-00033919-00034190 okay a lot of people don't realize that
D8gH9pIiBeu-00144-00034191-00034423 in marietta we have an air force base
D8gH9pIiBeu-00145-00034424-00034687 it's dobbins air force base now it's
D8gH9pIiBeu-00146-00034688-00034974 very rare to realize or it's very rare
D8gH9pIiBeu-00147-00034975-00035239 to notice that we have one of these air
D8gH9pIiBeu-00148-00035240-00035390 force bases here in marietta you don't
D8gH9pIiBeu-00149-00035391-00035511 see a lot of
D8gH9pIiBeu-00150-00035512-00035743 activity going around the city
D8gH9pIiBeu-00151-00035744-00035902 every once in a while we do see some
D8gH9pIiBeu-00152-00035903-00036079 planes there people are training or
D8gH9pIiBeu-00153-00036080-00036190 practicing
D8gH9pIiBeu-00154-00036191-00036462 so sometimes we'll see planes flying
D8gH9pIiBeu-00155-00036463-00036551 through
D8gH9pIiBeu-00156-00036552-00036743 the city of marietta but it's not very
D8gH9pIiBeu-00157-00036744-00036887 common really
D8gH9pIiBeu-00158-00036888-00037039 the biggest thing that you need to be
D8gH9pIiBeu-00159-00037040-00037302 aware of with dobbins air force base is
D8gH9pIiBeu-00160-00037303-00037574 some of the homes that are along the
D8gH9pIiBeu-00161-00037575-00037918 runway of dobbins air force base
D8gH9pIiBeu-00162-00037919-00038111 those homes can be
D8gH9pIiBeu-00163-00038112-00038343 affected by the planes taking off and
D8gH9pIiBeu-00164-00038344-00038567 landing and so if you're not aware of
D8gH9pIiBeu-00165-00038568-00038823 where dobbins air force base is and you
D8gH9pIiBeu-00166-00038824-00039062 buy a home along that route where the
D8gH9pIiBeu-00167-00039063-00039262 planes are taking off and landing
D8gH9pIiBeu-00168-00039263-00039551 you could be surprised by the the noise
D8gH9pIiBeu-00169-00039552-00039743 obviously that the planes have when
D8gH9pIiBeu-00170-00039744-00040662 they're taking off and landing
D8gH9pIiBeu-00171-00040663-00040983 okay so in marietta we have uh this
D8gH9pIiBeu-00172-00040984-00041295 place called third door now third door
D8gH9pIiBeu-00173-00041296-00041543 if you are in the area and you drive by
D8gH9pIiBeu-00174-00041544-00041767 third door it's uh near downtown
D8gH9pIiBeu-00175-00041768-00041943 marietta or marietta square third door
D8gH9pIiBeu-00176-00041944-00042199 would look like a gas station to you or
D8gH9pIiBeu-00177-00042200-00042462 like a like an auto shop uh from the
D8gH9pIiBeu-00178-00042463-00042702 outside but what most people don't
D8gH9pIiBeu-00179-00042703-00042943 realize is that third door is actually a
D8gH9pIiBeu-00180-00042944-00043271 bar and it's uh not like one of these
D8gH9pIiBeu-00181-00043272-00043430 kind of bars that has a
D8gH9pIiBeu-00182-00043431-00043702 bad atmosphere but it's a really hip
D8gH9pIiBeu-00183-00043703-00043830 atmosphere
D8gH9pIiBeu-00184-00043831-00044039 lots of people go there and hang out but
D8gH9pIiBeu-00185-00044040-00044199 it's really only during the evening
D8gH9pIiBeu-00186-00044200-00044374 times during the daytime
D8gH9pIiBeu-00187-00044375-00044599 the the location there it just looks
D8gH9pIiBeu-00188-00044600-00044830 like an auto shop like a gas station but
D8gH9pIiBeu-00189-00044831-00044999 during the evening times they open up
D8gH9pIiBeu-00190-00045000-00045287 all of the doors they have seats patio
D8gH9pIiBeu-00191-00045288-00045527 seating all outside and it's really a
D8gH9pIiBeu-00192-00045528-00045735 great atmosphere a great place to hang
D8gH9pIiBeu-00193-00045736-00045807 out
D8gH9pIiBeu-00194-00045808-00046007 but you really can't go in through the
D8gH9pIiBeu-00195-00046008-00046246 front door they try to dress up third
D8gH9pIiBeu-00196-00046247-00046567 door as like an old-time speakeasy kind
D8gH9pIiBeu-00197-00046568-00046807 of bar and so
D8gH9pIiBeu-00198-00046808-00047062 if you're not aware of where this place
D8gH9pIiBeu-00199-00047063-00047271 is it could be kind of hard to find the
D8gH9pIiBeu-00200-00047272-00047415 door to enter
D8gH9pIiBeu-00201-00047416-00047599 third door is actually around the side
D8gH9pIiBeu-00202-00047600-00047735 of the building
D8gH9pIiBeu-00203-00047736-00047951 and so it's a little bit hidden but
D8gH9pIiBeu-00204-00047952-00048071 otherwise
D8gH9pIiBeu-00205-00048072-00048239 it's a great place to hang out they have
D8gH9pIiBeu-00206-00048240-00048543 awesome drinks awesome time to spend
D8gH9pIiBeu-00207-00048544-00048727 time with friends or family
D8gH9pIiBeu-00208-00048728-00048974 evenings and weekends third door is
D8gH9pIiBeu-00209-00048975-00049215 really full lots of people there but if
D8gH9pIiBeu-00210-00049216-00049399 you're not aware of it it can be kind of
D8gH9pIiBeu-00211-00049400-00049655 hard to find so third door is actually
D8gH9pIiBeu-00212-00049656-00049902 very close to marietta square and it's a
D8gH9pIiBeu-00213-00049903-00051319 great place to spend time
D8gH9pIiBeu-00214-00051320-00051487 and then we have the farmer's market
D8gH9pIiBeu-00215-00051488-00051719 many people who aren't from marietta
D8gH9pIiBeu-00216-00051720-00051926 aren't aware that murrieta has an
D8gH9pIiBeu-00217-00051927-00052150 amazing farmer's market and it's because
D8gH9pIiBeu-00218-00052151-00052375 they don't really market or publish this
D8gH9pIiBeu-00219-00052376-00052542 very much about the farmers market it
D8gH9pIiBeu-00220-00052544-00052647 really just
D8gH9pIiBeu-00221-00052648-00052911 happens to come around during saturdays
D8gH9pIiBeu-00222-00052912-00053119 near marietta square at the farmers
D8gH9pIiBeu-00223-00053120-00053359 market lots of local vendors will come
D8gH9pIiBeu-00224-00053360-00053654 and sell their handmade goods or also
D8gH9pIiBeu-00225-00053655-00053854 farmers as you can imagine will come and
D8gH9pIiBeu-00226-00053855-00054047 sell their produce there one of the
D8gH9pIiBeu-00227-00054048-00054287 telltale signs that you have found the
D8gH9pIiBeu-00228-00054288-00054471 marietta farmers market is all of the
D8gH9pIiBeu-00229-00054472-00054735 white tents that are located outside of
D8gH9pIiBeu-00230-00054736-00054926 marietta square if you find the white
D8gH9pIiBeu-00231-00054927-00055071 tents then you have found the right
D8gH9pIiBeu-00232-00055072-00055279 place also there'll be a lot of people
D8gH9pIiBeu-00233-00055279-00055438 there on saturday mornings but keep in
D8gH9pIiBeu-00234-00055439-00055671 mind it's only on saturday mornings and
D8gH9pIiBeu-00235-00055672-00055854 it's really only during some of the
D8gH9pIiBeu-00236-00055855-00056047 warmer months of the year so they don't
D8gH9pIiBeu-00237-00056048-00056263 typically have the farmer's market
D8gH9pIiBeu-00238-00056264-00056463 during the winter time but come spring
D8gH9pIiBeu-00239-00056464-00056687 especially during this time of the year
D8gH9pIiBeu-00240-00056688-00056847 they will certainly have the farmers
D8gH9pIiBeu-00241-00056848-00057063 market there just outside of marietta
D8gH9pIiBeu-00242-00057064-00057279 square marietta has a ton of really
D8gH9pIiBeu-00243-00057279-00057526 unique things about the city and another
D8gH9pIiBeu-00244-00057527-00057742 city that has a lot of unique items is
D8gH9pIiBeu-00245-00057744-00057926 alpharetta if you want to know more
D8gH9pIiBeu-00246-00057927-00058103 about the differences between marietta
D8gH9pIiBeu-00247-00058104-00058279 and alpharetta make sure you click on
D8gH9pIiBeu-00248-00058279-00058454 this video so that you don't miss any of
D8gH9pIiBeu-00249-00058455-00060175 them
D8gH9pIiBeu-00250-00060176-00060383 you
D9rziwtV-Qc-00000-00000000-00000512 welcome to our fireside chat we seem to
D9rziwtV-Qc-00001-00000513-00000668 be missing a fire but that's because
D9rziwtV-Qc-00002-00000669-00000833 it's a very warm day and we don't need
D9rziwtV-Qc-00003-00000834-00001333 one all right i want to have each of the
D9rziwtV-Qc-00004-00001334-00001673 panelists introduce themselves and then
D9rziwtV-Qc-00005-00001673-00001904 i am going to ask a series of questions
D9rziwtV-Qc-00006-00001905-00002126 and then we're going to open it up to
D9rziwtV-Qc-00007-00002127-00002429 the audience so if you could for each of
D9rziwtV-Qc-00008-00002430-00002582 the panelists starting with Chris if you
D9rziwtV-Qc-00009-00002583-00002837 could state your name what you do and
D9rziwtV-Qc-00010-00002838-00003067 just a little bit about whatever you
D9rziwtV-Qc-00011-00003068-00003254 think is relevant for them to know about
D9rziwtV-Qc-00012-00003254-00003959 you okay great so I'm Chris Wiggins I'm
D9rziwtV-Qc-00013-00003960-00004072 a professor here have been on the
D9rziwtV-Qc-00014-00004073-00004409 faculty imaginary school for 15 and a
D9rziwtV-Qc-00015-00004410-00004804 half years in applied mathematics and
D9rziwtV-Qc-00016-00004805-00004981 then for the last several years I've
D9rziwtV-Qc-00017-00004982-00005161 also split my time between Colombia and
D9rziwtV-Qc-00018-00005162-00005395 the new york times where i'm directing a
D9rziwtV-Qc-00019-00005396-00005909 data science group there hi I'm rich
D9rziwtV-Qc-00020-00005910-00006181 illamasqua i am at revo conversion right
D9rziwtV-Qc-00021-00006182-00006395 now which is a small start-up we're
D9rziwtV-Qc-00022-00006396-00006644 trying to figure out whether for a given
D9rziwtV-Qc-00023-00006645-00006881 web page people do the thing that you
D9rziwtV-Qc-00024-00006881-00007127 want them to do on it better than an
D9rziwtV-Qc-00025-00007128-00007352 alternative so well they register for a
D9rziwtV-Qc-00026-00007353-00007502 class or the request more information
D9rziwtV-Qc-00027-00007503-00007681 this was called conversion in the
D9rziwtV-Qc-00028-00007683-00007960 marketing world before that i was at
D9rziwtV-Qc-00029-00007961-00008131 opera solution so you're doing machine
D9rziwtV-Qc-00030-00008133-00008423 learning consulting trying to do things
D9rziwtV-Qc-00031-00008424-00008594 like predict who was going to use a
D9rziwtV-Qc-00032-00008595-00008783 coupon which claims were going to leave
D9rziwtV-Qc-00033-00008784-00009064 the company who is going to request a
D9rziwtV-Qc-00034-00009065-00009517 first class upgrade things of that sort
D9rziwtV-Qc-00035-00009518-00009884 hello my name is Eric Brown I'm with IBM
D9rziwtV-Qc-00036-00009885-00010094 Watson health I'm a computer scientist
D9rziwtV-Qc-00037-00010095-00010253 with the background in information
D9rziwtV-Qc-00038-00010254-00010489 retrieval and question answering spent
D9rziwtV-Qc-00039-00010490-00010769 my entire career at IBM most of that
D9rziwtV-Qc-00040-00010770-00010955 time the first 18 years in the research
D9rziwtV-Qc-00041-00010956-00011258 division working on text analytics
D9rziwtV-Qc-00042-00011259-00011453 information retrieval question answering
D9rziwtV-Qc-00043-00011454-00011687 I had the pleasure of being involved in
D9rziwtV-Qc-00044-00011688-00011894 our Watson jeopardy Grand Challenge
D9rziwtV-Qc-00045-00011895-00012155 problem from start to finish and today I
D9rziwtV-Qc-00046-00012156-00012527 direct a team of primarily development
D9rziwtV-Qc-00047-00012528-00012659 but also a little bit of research that
D9rziwtV-Qc-00048-00012660-00012902 sits in between our Watson health
D9rziwtV-Qc-00049-00012903-00013054 business unit and
D9rziwtV-Qc-00050-00013055-00013257 IBM Research Division with
D9rziwtV-Qc-00051-00013258-00013474 responsibility for incubating and
D9rziwtV-Qc-00052-00013475-00013618 piloting technology and sort of
D9rziwtV-Qc-00053-00013619-00013822 shepherding along out of research into
D9rziwtV-Qc-00054-00013822-00014238 our offerings and solutions thank you
D9rziwtV-Qc-00055-00014240-00014547 all so Chris you're the first question
D9rziwtV-Qc-00056-00014549-00014749 the question is what has been the
D9rziwtV-Qc-00057-00014750-00014959 largest challenge in building the
D9rziwtV-Qc-00058-00014960-00015199 organizational capability to handle data
D9rziwtV-Qc-00059-00015200-00015613 at the New York Times sure so one
D9rziwtV-Qc-00060-00015613-00015937 important challenge is a company thinks
D9rziwtV-Qc-00061-00015938-00016108 they want a data scientist and they
D9rziwtV-Qc-00062-00016109-00016293 don't have all the data engineering
D9rziwtV-Qc-00063-00016294-00016771 ready yet so I showed up at the New York
D9rziwtV-Qc-00064-00016772-00017035 Times at so I went when I in the spring
D9rziwtV-Qc-00065-00017036-00017209 of 2013 I was trying to decide what to
D9rziwtV-Qc-00066-00017210-00017422 do for a sabbatical and thanks to a
D9rziwtV-Qc-00067-00017423-00017722 colleague here who mark Hanson how many
D9rziwtV-Qc-00068-00017723-00017881 of you know I actually did the lobby art
D9rziwtV-Qc-00069-00017882-00018175 in the new york time so he knew lots of
D9rziwtV-Qc-00070-00018176-00018391 people at the New York Times tip so I
D9rziwtV-Qc-00071-00018392-00018646 met some people there and I said you
D9rziwtV-Qc-00072-00018647-00018784 know here's my background and using
D9rziwtV-Qc-00073-00018785-00019027 machine learning in biology so trying to
D9rziwtV-Qc-00074-00019028-00019198 use machine learning to help biologists
D9rziwtV-Qc-00075-00019199-00019372 who have lots and lots of data and are
D9rziwtV-Qc-00076-00019373-00019531 trying to answer natural science
D9rziwtV-Qc-00077-00019532-00019732 questions using data how might this be
D9rziwtV-Qc-00078-00019733-00019972 useful here and part of the reception
D9rziwtV-Qc-00079-00019973-00020221 was what we just created a bi group so
D9rziwtV-Qc-00080-00020222-00020371 the New York Times had just you know the
D9rziwtV-Qc-00081-00020372-00020593 company's been around since 1851 they
D9rziwtV-Qc-00082-00020594-00020929 just created a bi group in 2012 to
D9rziwtV-Qc-00083-00020930-00021091 centralize all the various data
D9rziwtV-Qc-00084-00021092-00021417 warehousing and included in that was
D9rziwtV-Qc-00085-00021418-00021778 tracking digital events so tracking
D9rziwtV-Qc-00086-00021779-00021997 every digital event is one of the
D9rziwtV-Qc-00087-00021998-00022111 reasons that data science that's
D9rziwtV-Qc-00088-00022112-00022366 blossomed as a career choice because any
D9rziwtV-Qc-00089-00022367-00022567 company has a website and when you have
D9rziwtV-Qc-00090-00022568-00022852 a website you have abundant data about
D9rziwtV-Qc-00091-00022853-00023094 how your customers or readers interact
D9rziwtV-Qc-00092-00023095-00023404 with your product so the New York Times
D9rziwtV-Qc-00093-00023405-00023659 had worked really hard to acquire all
D9rziwtV-Qc-00094-00023660-00023866 the data about people interacting with
D9rziwtV-Qc-00095-00023867-00024067 the site there's a lot of work to be
D9rziwtV-Qc-00096-00024068-00024328 done to make those data accurate
D9rziwtV-Qc-00097-00024329-00024679 accessible reliable to data scientists
D9rziwtV-Qc-00098-00024680-00024991 to data analysts to other people who
D9rziwtV-Qc-00099-00024992-00025122 want to sort of make sense of the
D9rziwtV-Qc-00100-00025123-00025354 product using data and so that and that
D9rziwtV-Qc-00101-00025355-00025695 began you know sort of a saga of kicking
D9rziwtV-Qc-00102-00025697-00025819 the tires on many different ways of
D9rziwtV-Qc-00103-00025820-00025933 organizing our data
D9rziwtV-Qc-00104-00025933-00026237 and it's and there's a lot of really
D9rziwtV-Qc-00105-00026238-00026539 really important engineering work to be
D9rziwtV-Qc-00106-00026539-00026707 done before you try to do any data
D9rziwtV-Qc-00107-00026708-00026865 science like it particularly if you're
D9rziwtV-Qc-00108-00026866-00027033 doing it at web scale if there's a lot
D9rziwtV-Qc-00109-00027035-00027312 of engineering so we went through an
D9rziwtV-Qc-00110-00027313-00027577 Amazon solution a hive solution of
D9rziwtV-Qc-00111-00027577-00027895 redfish solution and eventually this
D9rziwtV-Qc-00112-00027895-00028083 past year have been transitioning a lot
D9rziwtV-Qc-00113-00028085-00028339 of our data engineering and Google cloud
D9rziwtV-Qc-00114-00028339-00028555 which has made it made it a lot easier
D9rziwtV-Qc-00115-00028556-00028777 for data analysts and data scientists
D9rziwtV-Qc-00116-00028777-00029017 alike to get the data so one big
D9rziwtV-Qc-00117-00029018-00029212 challenge to doing data science at the
D9rziwtV-Qc-00118-00029213-00029362 company is if you haven't done the data
D9rziwtV-Qc-00119-00029363-00029554 engineering yet because there's no point
D9rziwtV-Qc-00120-00029555-00029851 trying to build some sort of it's like
D9rziwtV-Qc-00121-00029852-00030027 trying to make us fancy fountain and you
D9rziwtV-Qc-00122-00030029-00030171 haven't built the pipes yet like you
D9rziwtV-Qc-00123-00030172-00030361 need to get the foundation right to make
D9rziwtV-Qc-00124-00030362-00030502 sure that the data are available and
D9rziwtV-Qc-00125-00030502-00030820 accurate so that was one transition and
D9rziwtV-Qc-00126-00030820-00030933 I think any company is going to go
D9rziwtV-Qc-00127-00030935-00031210 through that a separate sort of spectrum
D9rziwtV-Qc-00128-00031211-00031527 our challenges is working with people
D9rziwtV-Qc-00129-00031528-00031795 who organize themselves around a craft
D9rziwtV-Qc-00130-00031795-00032155 and and by craft I mean you know the New
D9rziwtV-Qc-00131-00032156-00032308 York Times is organized around the craft
D9rziwtV-Qc-00132-00032308-00032512 of journalism and and that's sort of
D9rziwtV-Qc-00133-00032513-00032787 also a business differentiator it's a
D9rziwtV-Qc-00134-00032788-00032962 mission and it keeps people motivated
D9rziwtV-Qc-00135-00032963-00033175 but it's also a business differentiator
D9rziwtV-Qc-00136-00033176-00033396 and I say that because in addition to
D9rziwtV-Qc-00137-00033397-00033586 people not wanting me to replace any
D9rziwtV-Qc-00138-00033587-00033775 editors are journalists with you know
D9rziwtV-Qc-00139-00033776-00034018 data or algorithms it would also be bad
D9rziwtV-Qc-00140-00034019-00034246 for business because you know anybody
D9rziwtV-Qc-00141-00034247-00034423 well not anybody look you know their
D9rziwtV-Qc-00142-00034424-00034615 other companies could go hire a bunch of
D9rziwtV-Qc-00143-00034616-00034729 good data scientists and write
D9rziwtV-Qc-00144-00034730-00034975 interesting journalism algorithms but if
D9rziwtV-Qc-00145-00034976-00035107 you already have really good journalists
D9rziwtV-Qc-00146-00035108-00035260 who have really perfected the craft
D9rziwtV-Qc-00147-00035261-00035395 maybe you should make sure that they
D9rziwtV-Qc-00148-00035396-00035683 that you don't mess with that so that's
D9rziwtV-Qc-00149-00035684-00035896 another challenge for integrating data
D9rziwtV-Qc-00150-00035897-00036121 science into any company is to figure
D9rziwtV-Qc-00151-00036122-00036274 out how are you going to integrate it
D9rziwtV-Qc-00152-00036275-00036523 into existing process so if you build a
D9rziwtV-Qc-00153-00036524-00036655 new startup and its data science
D9rziwtV-Qc-00154-00036656-00036790 oriented from the start then you won't
D9rziwtV-Qc-00155-00036791-00036979 have this challenge or if you're working
D9rziwtV-Qc-00156-00036980-00037117 for a company that's not sort of
D9rziwtV-Qc-00157-00037118-00037375 organized around some some some craft
D9rziwtV-Qc-00158-00037376-00037549 again that there's a set of people who
D9rziwtV-Qc-00159-00037550-00037804 do it well they are the people who
D9rziwtV-Qc-00160-00037805-00037954 adjudicate whether other people are
D9rziwtV-Qc-00161-00037955-00038095 doing it well you have to fit like
D9rziwtV-Qc-00162-00038096-00038271 academics if you go in and tell
D9rziwtV-Qc-00163-00038272-00038476 professors I'm going to do some data
D9rziwtV-Qc-00164-00038477-00038551 science and I'm
D9rziwtV-Qc-00165-00038552-00038749 promote you if you get as many grants or
D9rziwtV-Qc-00166-00038750-00039091 papers or any other metric scientists
D9rziwtV-Qc-00167-00039092-00039286 myself included will say now I'm a
D9rziwtV-Qc-00168-00039287-00039597 special snowflake you can't quantify my
D9rziwtV-Qc-00169-00039598-00040048 my craft so similarly you know that's at
D9rziwtV-Qc-00170-00040049-00040234 the cultural challenge of going into an
D9rziwtV-Qc-00171-00040235-00040435 organization and saying we are going to
D9rziwtV-Qc-00172-00040436-00040663 use data to help you and not to replace
D9rziwtV-Qc-00173-00040664-00040828 you so that's sort of a tech channel on
D9rziwtV-Qc-00174-00040829-00041158 chana people challenge Thank You Rachel
D9rziwtV-Qc-00175-00041159-00041569 so our community invest invents new
D9rziwtV-Qc-00176-00041570-00041848 methods every day new machine learning
D9rziwtV-Qc-00177-00041849-00042028 algorithms new data science algorithms
D9rziwtV-Qc-00178-00042029-00042403 in your experience at opera did you meet
D9rziwtV-Qc-00179-00042404-00042682 complicated methods or December 12 place
D9rziwtV-Qc-00180-00042683-00043126 and pick your favorite application so i
D9rziwtV-Qc-00181-00043127-00043318 think a lot of what the machine learning
D9rziwtV-Qc-00182-00043319-00043537 community is doing is making more
D9rziwtV-Qc-00183-00043538-00043825 predictive algorithms which is certainly
D9rziwtV-Qc-00184-00043826-00044086 important but a lot of what we needed to
D9rziwtV-Qc-00185-00044087-00044371 do was make more descriptive algorithms
D9rziwtV-Qc-00186-00044372-00044614 one for the obvious reason that we
D9rziwtV-Qc-00187-00044615-00044839 wanted to know why right so i'm going to
D9rziwtV-Qc-00188-00044840-00045277 pick a large retail drug store that used
D9rziwtV-Qc-00189-00045278-00045445 to have receipts that were extremely
D9rziwtV-Qc-00190-00045446-00045792 long and now there's these are shorter
D9rziwtV-Qc-00191-00045793-00046033 not i don't i don't know if you have a
D9rziwtV-Qc-00192-00046034-00046155 key if you think you probably good
D9rziwtV-Qc-00193-00046156-00046546 everything is in New York great and so
D9rziwtV-Qc-00194-00046547-00046750 what they wanted to do was predict who
D9rziwtV-Qc-00195-00046751-00046966 was going to use a coupon predictive
D9rziwtV-Qc-00196-00046967-00047281 algorithms are great for that right but
D9rziwtV-Qc-00197-00047282-00047626 not just who but why right who is who is
D9rziwtV-Qc-00198-00047627-00047809 using it why were they using it who is
D9rziwtV-Qc-00199-00047810-00048130 not using it in some cases actually it
D9rziwtV-Qc-00200-00048131-00048436 was good that someone wasn't using it so
D9rziwtV-Qc-00201-00048437-00048712 there's a population of people who go to
D9rziwtV-Qc-00202-00048713-00048886 the drug store because they have the
D9rziwtV-Qc-00203-00048887-00049285 coupon but then forget to use it those
D9rziwtV-Qc-00204-00049286-00049602 are really good customer service
D9rziwtV-Qc-00205-00049603-00049867 alright and so you know we could make
D9rziwtV-Qc-00206-00049868-00050035 something to predict it very well we're
D9rziwtV-Qc-00207-00050036-00050251 using a dhibaato encoder and then we
D9rziwtV-Qc-00208-00050252-00050455 would go to the drugstore executives
D9rziwtV-Qc-00209-00050456-00050683 right these are these are people who are
D9rziwtV-Qc-00210-00050684-00050962 general sort of the NBA chike and not
D9rziwtV-Qc-00211-00050963-00051238 the PhD track and then they would say
D9rziwtV-Qc-00212-00051239-00051476 well I've been doing this for 40 years
D9rziwtV-Qc-00213-00051477-00051690 either you're telling me something I
D9rziwtV-Qc-00214-00051691-00051954 already know but why right how do i
D9rziwtV-Qc-00215-00051955-00052146 change my business to make more people
D9rziwtV-Qc-00216-00052147-00052377 using right and one severs we gave them
D9rziwtV-Qc-00217-00052378-00052735 a decision it's not super predictive but
D9rziwtV-Qc-00218-00052736-00052905 we could put that in front of their face
D9rziwtV-Qc-00219-00052907-00053076 in a PowerPoint and they understood it
D9rziwtV-Qc-00220-00053077-00053251 right and then they would say oh that
D9rziwtV-Qc-00221-00053252-00053532 makes sense yes actually this cluster
D9rziwtV-Qc-00222-00053533-00053725 that you're seeing here are people who
D9rziwtV-Qc-00223-00053726-00053955 have prescriptions so they only use
D9rziwtV-Qc-00224-00053957-00054160 their coupon every 30 days when they
D9rziwtV-Qc-00225-00054161-00054441 come back in not only do we have more
D9rziwtV-Qc-00226-00054442-00054579 information about our business but
D9rziwtV-Qc-00227-00054580-00054826 before to believe you now that you're
D9rziwtV-Qc-00228-00054827-00055066 doing the right thing because your tree
D9rziwtV-Qc-00229-00055066-00055254 makes sense to us or you're a bunch of
D9rziwtV-Qc-00230-00055255-00055486 trees right so we started and dropped
D9rziwtV-Qc-00231-00055487-00055675 because we could understand what was in
D9rziwtV-Qc-00232-00055676-00055929 the model we would not just build you
D9rziwtV-Qc-00233-00055930-00056130 know 14 he was going to use a coupon
D9rziwtV-Qc-00234-00056132-00056376 that we had the prescription people my
D9rziwtV-Qc-00235-00056377-00056539 favorite one was the young beauty
D9rziwtV-Qc-00236-00056540-00056776 enthusiasts those are basically the like
D9rziwtV-Qc-00237-00056777-00057016 12 year old girls who go in and buy the
D9rziwtV-Qc-00238-00057016-00057276 cheap makeup in the teen magazine right
D9rziwtV-Qc-00239-00057277-00057439 they have a whole different behavior
D9rziwtV-Qc-00240-00057440-00057640 towards coupons but I think a lot of
D9rziwtV-Qc-00241-00057641-00057799 times the machine learning community
D9rziwtV-Qc-00242-00057800-00058005 because they're not trying to explain
D9rziwtV-Qc-00243-00058007-00058191 their model results the people they're
D9rziwtV-Qc-00244-00058192-00058453 just trying to publish it don't really
D9rziwtV-Qc-00245-00058454-00058948 focus on that thank you Eric so you're
D9rziwtV-Qc-00246-00058949-00059239 you're working on leveraging big data
D9rziwtV-Qc-00247-00059240-00059425 for healthcare and life sciences and
D9rziwtV-Qc-00248-00059426-00059734 them IBM Watson works with clinicians
D9rziwtV-Qc-00249-00059735-00059962 and other healthcare providers do you
D9rziwtV-Qc-00250-00059963-00060148 think those challenges are unique or
D9rziwtV-Qc-00251-00060149-00060382 shared by academic researchers so you
D9rziwtV-Qc-00252-00060383-00060640 you work with actual health care
D9rziwtV-Qc-00253-00060641-00060928 providers you provide solutions many
D9rziwtV-Qc-00254-00060929-00061126 academics try to collaborate with people
D9rziwtV-Qc-00255-00061127-00061444 in medicine do you think that there is
D9rziwtV-Qc-00256-00061445-00061644 that the challenges that you share a
D9rziwtV-Qc-00257-00061645-00061912 unique or are you able to to have fewer
D9rziwtV-Qc-00258-00061913-00062055 challenges because you have all the
D9rziwtV-Qc-00259-00062057-00062284 infrastructure behind IBM to do it with
D9rziwtV-Qc-00260-00062285-00062604 that clear it's clear I thought that was
D9rziwtV-Qc-00261-00062605-00062725 the second question you're going to ask
D9rziwtV-Qc-00262-00062726-00062872 me so I had my first
D9rziwtV-Qc-00263-00062873-00063316 so ready fit yes you did that's okay I
D9rziwtV-Qc-00264-00063316-00063918 can adapt the I think that the the
D9rziwtV-Qc-00265-00063919-00064281 challenges are there they're probably
D9rziwtV-Qc-00266-00064282-00064486 some similarities in some differences so
D9rziwtV-Qc-00267-00064487-00065066 as a company working directly with
D9rziwtV-Qc-00268-00065067-00065524 hospitals providers payers etc I think
D9rziwtV-Qc-00269-00065525-00065734 we get a little more insight into the
D9rziwtV-Qc-00270-00065735-00066037 actual workflow and as a computer
D9rziwtV-Qc-00271-00066038-00066256 scientist and only working in the
D9rziwtV-Qc-00272-00066257-00066430 healthcare space for about four or five
D9rziwtV-Qc-00273-00066431-00066606 years one thing I've discovered is that
D9rziwtV-Qc-00274-00066607-00066856 healthcare is enormously complex anybody
D9rziwtV-Qc-00275-00066857-00067032 who works in that industry will say that
D9rziwtV-Qc-00276-00067033-00067318 but if you're on the outside you're
D9rziwtV-Qc-00277-00067319-00067549 skeptical and you say well every job is
D9rziwtV-Qc-00278-00067550-00067788 complex but healthcare is is really
D9rziwtV-Qc-00279-00067789-00068230 different because not only is is
D9rziwtV-Qc-00280-00068231-00068493 medicine complicated and hard and you're
D9rziwtV-Qc-00281-00068494-00068806 dealing with practitioners who have gone
D9rziwtV-Qc-00282-00068807-00069081 to four years of college four years of
D9rziwtV-Qc-00283-00069082-00069316 medical school and then another three
D9rziwtV-Qc-00284-00069317-00069468 years or four years of additional
D9rziwtV-Qc-00285-00069469-00069681 training after that who believe they
D9rziwtV-Qc-00286-00069682-00069946 know exactly what is the right thing to
D9rziwtV-Qc-00287-00069947-00070165 do that's what they've been trained to
D9rziwtV-Qc-00288-00070166-00070312 do that's what their patients expect
D9rziwtV-Qc-00289-00070313-00070518 them to be able to do so you have that
D9rziwtV-Qc-00290-00070519-00070765 whole group of people practicing you
D9rziwtV-Qc-00291-00070766-00070960 layered on top of that is this very
D9rziwtV-Qc-00292-00070961-00071193 complex payment and reimbursement
D9rziwtV-Qc-00293-00071194-00071335 process particularly in the United
D9rziwtV-Qc-00294-00071336-00071704 States and a lot of that infrastructure
D9rziwtV-Qc-00295-00071705-00071951 has been built up to support that
D9rziwtV-Qc-00296-00071952-00072187 including the electronic medical record
D9rziwtV-Qc-00297-00072188-00072373 and so anybody that's doing big data
D9rziwtV-Qc-00298-00072374-00072628 analytics on patient records really
D9rziwtV-Qc-00299-00072629-00072912 needs to appreciate that that data has a
D9rziwtV-Qc-00300-00072913-00073117 particular bias associated with it and
D9rziwtV-Qc-00301-00073118-00073332 in particular electronic medical records
D9rziwtV-Qc-00302-00073333-00073579 were originally built to support the
D9rziwtV-Qc-00303-00073580-00073794 workflow the coding the payment and
D9rziwtV-Qc-00304-00073795-00074071 reimbursement process and so in fact in
D9rziwtV-Qc-00305-00074072-00074463 Watson health we have a company we
D9rziwtV-Qc-00306-00074464-00074631 acquired called truven which has
D9rziwtV-Qc-00307-00074632-00074878 enormous expertise in big data analytics
D9rziwtV-Qc-00308-00074879-00075142 overall that payment data and when I
D9rziwtV-Qc-00309-00075143-00075330 talk to those data scientists they say
D9rziwtV-Qc-00310-00075331-00075628 we get the best risk stratification and
D9rziwtV-Qc-00311-00075629-00075774 predictive modeling out of that
D9rziwtV-Qc-00312-00075775-00076035 then I talk to physicians who we also
D9rziwtV-Qc-00313-00076036-00076260 have at IBM and they say that billing
D9rziwtV-Qc-00314-00076261-00076482 and coding data is completely inaccurate
D9rziwtV-Qc-00315-00076483-00076689 you cannot get good models out of that
D9rziwtV-Qc-00316-00076690-00076878 you need to go to the clinical data of
D9rziwtV-Qc-00317-00076879-00077046 course the proven folks will say the
D9rziwtV-Qc-00318-00077047-00077307 clinical data is also inaccurate it's
D9rziwtV-Qc-00319-00077308-00077559 the billing data so it's again it's a
D9rziwtV-Qc-00320-00077560-00077742 complex situation with a variety of
D9rziwtV-Qc-00321-00077743-00078060 perspectives and so I think when you're
D9rziwtV-Qc-00322-00078061-00078405 trying to serve that community with real
D9rziwtV-Qc-00323-00078406-00078564 offerings these are some of the
D9rziwtV-Qc-00324-00078565-00078765 challenges that you face which might be
D9rziwtV-Qc-00325-00078766-00078918 a little bit different than academic
D9rziwtV-Qc-00326-00078919-00079245 research so to make the academic
D9rziwtV-Qc-00327-00079246-00079497 research more relevant I think it's
D9rziwtV-Qc-00328-00079498-00079773 important to partner with practitioners
D9rziwtV-Qc-00329-00079774-00080091 who can communicate some of the real
D9rziwtV-Qc-00330-00080092-00080295 challenges that you have here I think
D9rziwtV-Qc-00331-00080296-00080646 Columbia here has a moment and a nice
D9rziwtV-Qc-00332-00080647-00080823 resource with the biomedical informatics
D9rziwtV-Qc-00333-00080824-00080982 school in the connection with Columbia
D9rziwtV-Qc-00334-00080983-00081375 Presbyterian where you can evaluate what
D9rziwtV-Qc-00335-00081376-00081525 you're doing in a real-world situation
D9rziwtV-Qc-00336-00081526-00081984 and so I would say the common challenge
D9rziwtV-Qc-00337-00081985-00082205 here is to apply all these techniques
D9rziwtV-Qc-00338-00082206-00082476 grounded in real world applications with
D9rziwtV-Qc-00339-00082477-00082707 insight and feedback from actual
D9rziwtV-Qc-00340-00082708-00083049 practitioners so it actually is very
D9rziwtV-Qc-00341-00083050-00083250 related to my next question for Chris
D9rziwtV-Qc-00342-00083251-00083454 what you talked about a little bit on
D9rziwtV-Qc-00343-00083455-00083778 your first answer and we'd be very
D9rziwtV-Qc-00344-00083779-00084015 curious to hear what you do with the
D9rziwtV-Qc-00345-00084016-00084171 results of what you've learned from the
D9rziwtV-Qc-00346-00084172-00084471 data on content produced by the way that
D9rziwtV-Qc-00347-00084472-00084729 readers navigate and consume the content
D9rziwtV-Qc-00348-00084730-00085047 can you share like a specific Anna
D9rziwtV-Qc-00349-00085048-00085299 anecdote and then tie it to the question
D9rziwtV-Qc-00350-00085300-00085425 of whether there needs to be more
D9rziwtV-Qc-00351-00085426-00085587 research with respect to how to
D9rziwtV-Qc-00352-00085588-00085956 operationalize green knowledge from the
D9rziwtV-Qc-00353-00085957-00086442 academic community sure so the first
D9rziwtV-Qc-00354-00086443-00086562 one's easier to answer I can certainly
D9rziwtV-Qc-00355-00086563-00087066 give some examples 1 newsroom example is
D9rziwtV-Qc-00356-00087067-00087519 in 2014 the New York Times put out a
D9rziwtV-Qc-00357-00087520-00087729 report which is usually just called the
D9rziwtV-Qc-00358-00087730-00088023 innovation report and it made clear at
D9rziwtV-Qc-00359-00088024-00088170 the beginning that there was a
D9rziwtV-Qc-00360-00088171-00088373 distinction between journalism and
D9rziwtV-Qc-00361-00088374-00088553 and the art and science of audience
D9rziwtV-Qc-00362-00088554-00088763 development that is those journalism and
D9rziwtV-Qc-00363-00088764-00088841 then there's making sure that people
D9rziwtV-Qc-00364-00088842-00089216 read your stuff and 100 years ago people
D9rziwtV-Qc-00365-00089217-00089363 read your stuff because you gave them a
D9rziwtV-Qc-00366-00089364-00089570 dead tree and then they sat down at
D9rziwtV-Qc-00367-00089571-00089750 their newspaper on Sunday and they flew
D9rziwtV-Qc-00368-00089751-00089930 leap through the leaves of the dead tree
D9rziwtV-Qc-00369-00089931-00090179 and now they are getting the news in the
D9rziwtV-Qc-00370-00090180-00090374 palm of their hand and they're often
D9rziwtV-Qc-00371-00090375-00090602 getting it not even in your app you know
D9rziwtV-Qc-00372-00090603-00090779 they're getting at via some social feed
D9rziwtV-Qc-00373-00090780-00091004 and then they click through that social
D9rziwtV-Qc-00374-00091005-00091229 feed to engage with part of it so the
D9rziwtV-Qc-00375-00091230-00091388 craft art and science of making sure
D9rziwtV-Qc-00376-00091389-00091550 that people read the journalism has
D9rziwtV-Qc-00377-00091551-00091769 changed dramatically so one of the
D9rziwtV-Qc-00378-00091770-00091982 things we worked on was how to figure
D9rziwtV-Qc-00379-00091983-00092195 out which stories to promote at what
D9rziwtV-Qc-00380-00092196-00092527 time and on which social channels so
D9rziwtV-Qc-00381-00092528-00092705 from the machine learning perspective
D9rziwtV-Qc-00382-00092706-00092894 that's a really interesting predictive
D9rziwtV-Qc-00383-00092895-00093023 analytics problem or maybe a
D9rziwtV-Qc-00384-00093024-00093278 reinforcement learning problem and you
D9rziwtV-Qc-00385-00093279-00093506 can build predictive models for how much
D9rziwtV-Qc-00386-00093507-00093758 engagement variously quantified you will
D9rziwtV-Qc-00387-00093759-00093953 get with the story if you do promote it
D9rziwtV-Qc-00388-00093954-00094121 and if you don't promote it or if you
D9rziwtV-Qc-00389-00094122-00094340 promote it on this channel versus the
D9rziwtV-Qc-00390-00094341-00094505 other channel and once you have that
D9rziwtV-Qc-00391-00094506-00094700 then you can you know build an algorithm
D9rziwtV-Qc-00392-00094701-00094919 and you can report some predictions but
D9rziwtV-Qc-00393-00094920-00095240 I can't get editors to open up Python so
D9rziwtV-Qc-00394-00095241-00095510 the whole machine learning challenge is
D9rziwtV-Qc-00395-00095511-00095735 married to the data product challenge
D9rziwtV-Qc-00396-00095736-00096032 which is how do I build a digital
D9rziwtV-Qc-00397-00096033-00096224 product that these people are willing to
D9rziwtV-Qc-00398-00096225-00096473 integrate into their workflow so we
D9rziwtV-Qc-00399-00096474-00096680 realized at the time that the newsroom
D9rziwtV-Qc-00400-00096681-00097055 have really embraced slack slack is like
D9rziwtV-Qc-00401-00097056-00097322 I are it's like IRC it's a chat room
D9rziwtV-Qc-00402-00097323-00097556 except you can program it it's very easy
D9rziwtV-Qc-00403-00097557-00097856 to program slack BOTS so instead of
D9rziwtV-Qc-00404-00097857-00098057 asking them to close flac and open up a
D9rziwtV-Qc-00405-00098058-00098348 new web app we built a slack pot which
D9rziwtV-Qc-00406-00098349-00098516 is like a command-line interface to our
D9rziwtV-Qc-00407-00098517-00098795 machine learning algorithm so we we
D9rziwtV-Qc-00408-00098796-00098981 called it blossom which is sort of a
D9rziwtV-Qc-00409-00098982-00099365 friendly and non-threatening tool right
D9rziwtV-Qc-00410-00099366-00099754 instead of calling it you know Hal 9000
D9rziwtV-Qc-00411-00099755-00100132 and we gave it lots of lots of Easter
D9rziwtV-Qc-00412-00100133-00100276 eggs you know you could ask it to draw
D9rziwtV-Qc-00413-00100277-00100517 you a map or you know do whatever and
D9rziwtV-Qc-00414-00100518-00100774 then you can also ask it okay what
D9rziwtV-Qc-00415-00100775-00100868 should I be posting right now on
D9rziwtV-Qc-00416-00100869-00101084 facebook and it would give you a
D9rziwtV-Qc-00417-00101085-00101330 quantitative score or qualitative answer
D9rziwtV-Qc-00418-00101331-00101603 if you want or you can ask blossom to
D9rziwtV-Qc-00419-00101604-00101743 remind you every now and then like hey
D9rziwtV-Qc-00420-00101744-00101938 you haven't tweeted lately on the arts
D9rziwtV-Qc-00421-00101939-00102074 channel this would be a great story to
D9rziwtV-Qc-00422-00102075-00102169 share in the Earth's channel right now
D9rziwtV-Qc-00423-00102170-00102541 so that's an example of a way we were
D9rziwtV-Qc-00424-00102542-00102715 able to put digital engagement to work
D9rziwtV-Qc-00425-00102716-00103066 to help the newsroom I couldn't help but
D9rziwtV-Qc-00426-00103067-00103180 think about marketing when you brought
D9rziwtV-Qc-00427-00103181-00103349 up the story of conversion because the
D9rziwtV-Qc-00428-00103350-00103579 marketing department has the new red x
D9rziwtV-Qc-00429-00103580-00103702 is full of people who want to answer the
D9rziwtV-Qc-00430-00103703-00103925 same questions like what is it about the
D9rziwtV-Qc-00431-00103926-00104092 way somebody uses the product that seems
D9rziwtV-Qc-00432-00104093-00104213 to indicate this person is going to
D9rziwtV-Qc-00433-00104214-00104467 become a loyal user what is it about the
D9rziwtV-Qc-00434-00104468-00104624 way the subscriber is using the products
D9rziwtV-Qc-00435-00104625-00104758 that indicates this person is about to
D9rziwtV-Qc-00436-00104759-00105040 cancel and again they want to know both
D9rziwtV-Qc-00437-00105041-00105269 who are the adverts people which is sort
D9rziwtV-Qc-00438-00105270-00105407 of a tactical question for which you
D9rziwtV-Qc-00439-00105408-00105608 want a predictive model and they want to
D9rziwtV-Qc-00440-00105608-00105778 know what are the risky behaviors which
D9rziwtV-Qc-00441-00105779-00105968 is a strategic problem for which you
D9rziwtV-Qc-00442-00105969-00106240 want an interpretable model so effect so
D9rziwtV-Qc-00443-00106241-00106388 I definitely empathize with wanting to
D9rziwtV-Qc-00444-00106389-00106547 give somebody from product or from
D9rziwtV-Qc-00445-00106548-00106783 marketing a very interpretable tree a
D9rziwtV-Qc-00446-00106784-00107024 tree that you can talk through and give
D9rziwtV-Qc-00447-00107025-00107254 them a sense for something that makes
D9rziwtV-Qc-00448-00107255-00107389 sense and that you can sleep well at
D9rziwtV-Qc-00449-00107390-00107570 night because it has a very good auc and
D9rziwtV-Qc-00450-00107571-00107726 so you sort of balance between
D9rziwtV-Qc-00451-00107727-00107956 predictive power and interpret ability
D9rziwtV-Qc-00452-00107957-00108283 Thank You Rachel in your current company
D9rziwtV-Qc-00453-00108284-00108535 we've oh it's trying to understand human
D9rziwtV-Qc-00454-00108536-00108736 decision-making which is really messy
D9rziwtV-Qc-00455-00108738-00108952 how do you ensure that you're capturing
D9rziwtV-Qc-00456-00108953-00109193 that messiness and volatility of human
D9rziwtV-Qc-00457-00109194-00109463 emotion and decision-making woodr like
D9rziwtV-Qc-00458-00109464-00109678 the features that you collect for for
D9rziwtV-Qc-00459-00109679-00109960 that yeah so that's first I want to say
D9rziwtV-Qc-00460-00109961-00110219 we're available I start-up is available
D9rziwtV-Qc-00461-00110220-00110546 um my CEO would be angry if I didn't say
D9rziwtV-Qc-00462-00110547-00110827 that yeah so we're trying to basically
D9rziwtV-Qc-00463-00110828-00111047 solve the problem riso conversion is
D9rziwtV-Qc-00464-00111048-00111211 this like a idea again that you want
D9rziwtV-Qc-00465-00111213-00111413 someone to do something on your website
D9rziwtV-Qc-00466-00111414-00111628 and it's very different depending on the
D9rziwtV-Qc-00467-00111629-00111833 website it might be to send for more
D9rziwtV-Qc-00468-00111833-00112114 information it might be requested demo a
D9rziwtV-Qc-00469-00112115-00112298 lot of our clients are online
D9rziwtV-Qc-00470-00112299-00112561 universities right now so they want they
D9rziwtV-Qc-00471-00112563-00112733 want people to sign up they want to get
D9rziwtV-Qc-00472-00112733-00112849 their phone
D9rziwtV-Qc-00473-00112850-00113061 email address right then they can sort
D9rziwtV-Qc-00474-00113063-00113329 of further market and so what they do is
D9rziwtV-Qc-00475-00113330-00113476 they want to try out different webpages
D9rziwtV-Qc-00476-00113477-00113656 this is something that goes way back
D9rziwtV-Qc-00477-00113657-00113893 they call it a be testing you put a
D9rziwtV-Qc-00478-00113894-00114133 1-bit web page and put up another web
D9rziwtV-Qc-00479-00114133-00114457 page one goes better than the other you
D9rziwtV-Qc-00480-00114458-00114826 have a winner son first of all it's a
D9rziwtV-Qc-00481-00114827-00115078 very sensitive process right you need to
D9rziwtV-Qc-00482-00115079-00115359 put up to web pages often the conversion
D9rziwtV-Qc-00483-00115360-00115540 levels are very low as one or two
D9rziwtV-Qc-00484-00115541-00115723 percent so if you have to think about
D9rziwtV-Qc-00485-00115724-00116005 how many people you need to sample to
D9rziwtV-Qc-00486-00116006-00116146 come to those web pages to get a
D9rziwtV-Qc-00487-00116147-00116455 statistical significant sample NZ and
D9rziwtV-Qc-00488-00116456-00116713 etc so what we're trying to do is
D9rziwtV-Qc-00489-00116714-00117076 basically bypass that step so we do it
D9rziwtV-Qc-00490-00117077-00117250 two ways we have a bunch of machine
D9rziwtV-Qc-00491-00117251-00117496 generated features which are it's a page
D9rziwtV-Qc-00492-00117497-00117711 clutter you know does it have this sort
D9rziwtV-Qc-00493-00117713-00117901 of format is this information on it or
D9rziwtV-Qc-00494-00117902-00118189 not what is a navigation so complicated
D9rziwtV-Qc-00495-00118190-00118383 that people will get lost but we also
D9rziwtV-Qc-00496-00118384-00118611 have a lot of human generated feature so
D9rziwtV-Qc-00497-00118613-00118768 what we're doing is we're going out to
D9rziwtV-Qc-00498-00118769-00118990 the target audience and we're asking
D9rziwtV-Qc-00499-00118991-00119208 them questions like do you find this
D9rziwtV-Qc-00500-00119209-00119539 page credible and then we what we're
D9rziwtV-Qc-00501-00119540-00119707 doing is building a model format for
D9rziwtV-Qc-00502-00119708-00119902 example for an online University the
D9rziwtV-Qc-00503-00119903-00120076 page is not credible does it have
D9rziwtV-Qc-00504-00120077-00120458 testimonials does it have accreditation
D9rziwtV-Qc-00505-00120459-00120775 and putting those two things together
D9rziwtV-Qc-00506-00120776-00121141 and the type of purchase they so some of
D9rziwtV-Qc-00507-00121142-00121330 the sort of purchase of let's say
D9rziwtV-Qc-00508-00121331-00121528 someone buying I don't know a mug is a
D9rziwtV-Qc-00509-00121529-00121666 whole different type of purchase and
D9rziwtV-Qc-00510-00121667-00121948 someone signing up to continue their
D9rziwtV-Qc-00511-00121949-00122182 education often you know it's an
D9rziwtV-Qc-00512-00122183-00122413 emotional response they so we're trying
D9rziwtV-Qc-00513-00122414-00122653 to put all of that together and build a
D9rziwtV-Qc-00514-00122654-00122936 model for each age of three from that
D9rziwtV-Qc-00515-00122938-00123295 thank you so air can help I can enjoy
D9rziwtV-Qc-00516-00123296-00123598 clapping my CMO would be upset if I
D9rziwtV-Qc-00517-00123599-00124018 didn't respond with well we're hiring
D9rziwtV-Qc-00518-00124019-00124404 oh all right all that networking aside
D9rziwtV-Qc-00519-00124405-00124708 I'm Eric in the healthcare field are the
D9rziwtV-Qc-00520-00124708-00125109 challenges more technical legal or
D9rziwtV-Qc-00521-00125110-00125475 cultural and how might the Northeast big
D9rziwtV-Qc-00522-00125476-00125850 data hub help with these challenges good
D9rziwtV-Qc-00523-00125851-00126162 question I think actually this morning
D9rziwtV-Qc-00524-00126163-00126390 we've already seen a number of examples
D9rziwtV-Qc-00525-00126391-00126675 of some of the challenges dealing with
D9rziwtV-Qc-00526-00126676-00126900 health care data and particularly data
D9rziwtV-Qc-00527-00126901-00127041 it might have protected health
D9rziwtV-Qc-00528-00127042-00127284 information in it all the issues around
D9rziwtV-Qc-00529-00127285-00127751 security how do you identify data and
D9rziwtV-Qc-00530-00127752-00128169 just as a quick side comment I think
D9rziwtV-Qc-00531-00128170-00128388 statistical d identification techniques
D9rziwtV-Qc-00532-00128389-00128572 for structured data are pretty mature
D9rziwtV-Qc-00533-00128573-00128883 and well at least I read an article
D9rziwtV-Qc-00534-00128884-00129135 about them and see ATM recently I tried
D9rziwtV-Qc-00535-00129136-00129373 to find it but for the lesson he
D9rziwtV-Qc-00536-00129374-00129501 couldn't track down where it was but it
D9rziwtV-Qc-00537-00129502-00129670 was in the last year to a very nice
D9rziwtV-Qc-00538-00129671-00129868 article on that automatic d
D9rziwtV-Qc-00539-00129869-00130072 identification of text I will climb
D9rziwtV-Qc-00540-00130073-00130396 right now that it's impossible i can
D9rziwtV-Qc-00541-00130397-00130674 give you examples of data we've worked
D9rziwtV-Qc-00542-00130675-00130783 with that use state-of-the-art
D9rziwtV-Qc-00543-00130783-00131107 techniques and data gets corrupt and
D9rziwtV-Qc-00544-00131108-00131250 suddenly there are strange characters
D9rziwtV-Qc-00545-00131251-00131466 prefixed or prepended to a person's name
D9rziwtV-Qc-00546-00131467-00131671 and a completely escapes the system but
D9rziwtV-Qc-00547-00131672-00131860 when the human looks at it that's a name
D9rziwtV-Qc-00548-00131861-00132010 I just ignore the first three characters
D9rziwtV-Qc-00549-00132011-00132199 so things like that will come up over
D9rziwtV-Qc-00550-00132200-00132769 and over again but so that's an ongoing
D9rziwtV-Qc-00551-00132770-00133474 challenge I think in working with again
D9rziwtV-Qc-00552-00133475-00133791 all of the stakeholders in this space it
D9rziwtV-Qc-00553-00133792-00134112 does become quite a bit of a cultural
D9rziwtV-Qc-00554-00134113-00134490 challenge and giving people confidence
D9rziwtV-Qc-00555-00134491-00134833 in the techniques on administrative data
D9rziwtV-Qc-00556-00134834-00134986 I I think that's actually pretty
D9rziwtV-Qc-00557-00134987-00135189 straightforward the techniques are well
D9rziwtV-Qc-00558-00135190-00135426 understood and the results kind of speak
D9rziwtV-Qc-00559-00135427-00135576 for themselves but when you get to the
D9rziwtV-Qc-00560-00135577-00135799 clinical side and trying to support the
D9rziwtV-Qc-00561-00135800-00136135 practice of medicine physicians need
D9rziwtV-Qc-00562-00136136-00136423 evidence and need to understand what's
D9rziwtV-Qc-00563-00136424-00136800 going on this is actually going to
D9rziwtV-Qc-00564-00136801-00137139 become a very complex topic most medical
D9rziwtV-Qc-00565-00137140-00137237 devices as you
D9rziwtV-Qc-00566-00137238-00137450 no go through a very fairly rigorous
D9rziwtV-Qc-00567-00137451-00137780 process of clinical studies these
D9rziwtV-Qc-00568-00137781-00138050 randomized double-blind studies and FDA
D9rziwtV-Qc-00569-00138051-00138337 approval and so clinicians rely on
D9rziwtV-Qc-00570-00138338-00138560 publications of these studies in their
D9rziwtV-Qc-00571-00138561-00138716 respective high-quality journal journal
D9rziwtV-Qc-00572-00138717-00138938 articles before they use them as you get
D9rziwtV-Qc-00573-00138939-00139271 into big data analytics that are more
D9rziwtV-Qc-00574-00139272-00139531 predictive and are supposed to support
D9rziwtV-Qc-00575-00139532-00139721 diagnosis or coming up with treatment
D9rziwtV-Qc-00576-00139722-00139961 recommendations I think there's a whole
D9rziwtV-Qc-00577-00139962-00140099 different challenge around how you
D9rziwtV-Qc-00578-00140100-00140381 demonstrate the efficacy and safety of
D9rziwtV-Qc-00579-00140382-00140750 these things and even working with the
D9rziwtV-Qc-00580-00140751-00140951 federal regulation companies like the
D9rziwtV-Qc-00581-00140952-00141287 FDA how do you educate them on what's
D9rziwtV-Qc-00582-00141288-00141464 going on with these systems especially
D9rziwtV-Qc-00583-00141465-00141638 if they involve any kind of machine
D9rziwtV-Qc-00584-00141639-00142117 learning they think there's enormous
D9rziwtV-Qc-00585-00142118-00142298 misconceptions about how machine
D9rziwtV-Qc-00586-00142299-00142598 learning works there you know even with
D9rziwtV-Qc-00587-00142599-00142868 very senior administrators this concept
D9rziwtV-Qc-00588-00142869-00142997 that if they install something with
D9rziwtV-Qc-00589-00142998-00143141 machine learning and it would just start
D9rziwtV-Qc-00590-00143142-00143366 going off on its own and be completely
D9rziwtV-Qc-00591-00143367-00143579 out of control completely ignoring the
D9rziwtV-Qc-00592-00143580-00143789 fact that you can have policies that are
D9rziwtV-Qc-00593-00143790-00144011 completely orthogonal that control every
D9rziwtV-Qc-00594-00144012-00144206 aspect of how the technology actually
D9rziwtV-Qc-00595-00144207-00144524 operates and educating regulators around
D9rziwtV-Qc-00596-00144525-00144800 this is an enormous challenge in terms
D9rziwtV-Qc-00597-00144801-00145181 of how academics or academia can assist
D9rziwtV-Qc-00598-00145182-00145658 in this I think the more we're able to
D9rziwtV-Qc-00599-00145659-00145979 publish meaningful large-scale studies
D9rziwtV-Qc-00600-00145980-00146312 on this to help people see the value the
D9rziwtV-Qc-00601-00146313-00146513 efficacy and the safety and understand
D9rziwtV-Qc-00602-00146514-00146711 the details of how they work the better
D9rziwtV-Qc-00603-00146712-00147098 off we are thank you so I do a few more
D9rziwtV-Qc-00604-00147099-00147338 questions I could ask but I want to open
D9rziwtV-Qc-00605-00147339-00147479 it up to the audience to ask questions
D9rziwtV-Qc-00606-00147480-00147778 because Renee I do believe we ended on
D9rziwtV-Qc-00607-00147779-00148325 150 right
D9rziwtV-Qc-00608-00148326-00148629 okay well I have plenty of questions if
D9rziwtV-Qc-00609-00148630-00148897 you all are shy I'd like you to do two
D9rziwtV-Qc-00610-00148898-00149139 things when you ask a question the first
D9rziwtV-Qc-00611-00149140-00149352 is directed to a particular person
D9rziwtV-Qc-00612-00149353-00149560 because it's far more interesting to get
D9rziwtV-Qc-00613-00149561-00149775 a lot of questions and the second is
D9rziwtV-Qc-00614-00149776-00150070 that question should be short answers
D9rziwtV-Qc-00615-00150071-00150568 should be longer yes and honest so we
D9rziwtV-Qc-00616-00150569-00151657 have an iphone during the first person
D9rziwtV-Qc-00617-00151658-00152035 you indicated that the day the doctor
D9rziwtV-Qc-00618-00152036-00152328 says these data should be useful if I
D9rziwtV-Qc-00619-00152329-00152575 remember two groups the doctor dishes
D9rziwtV-Qc-00620-00152576-00152812 come honey and the turtle each of them
D9rziwtV-Qc-00621-00152813-00153087 saying this data is due today there is
D9rziwtV-Qc-00622-00153088-00153460 not good I was thinking that the court
D9rziwtV-Qc-00623-00153461-00153910 would be right for question a to answer
D9rziwtV-Qc-00624-00153911-00154111 the question a click on the data
D9rziwtV-Qc-00625-00154112-00154377 to answer the question be perhaps
D9rziwtV-Qc-00626-00154378-00154672 we shall compare them depending on what
D9rziwtV-Qc-00627-00154673-00154912 what's the question even set a part of
D9rziwtV-Qc-00628-00154913-00155103 the data will be useful to answer that
D9rziwtV-Qc-00629-00155104-00155466 question I just wanted to see if you
D9rziwtV-Qc-00630-00155467-00155662 make a little bit more cloud education
D9rziwtV-Qc-00631-00155663-00155937 here thank you so act right so I think
D9rziwtV-Qc-00632-00155938-00156181 that's actually a great observation is
D9rziwtV-Qc-00633-00156182-00156387 that you have different kinds of data
D9rziwtV-Qc-00634-00156388-00156741 different sources of data and even
D9rziwtV-Qc-00635-00156742-00156934 different modalities of data that we can
D9rziwtV-Qc-00636-00156935-00157312 potentially leverage here so hybrid or
D9rziwtV-Qc-00637-00157313-00157558 ensemble approaches that can do the
D9rziwtV-Qc-00638-00157559-00157800 analysis across all of these things can
D9rziwtV-Qc-00639-00157801-00158001 be useful and maybe even coming back to
D9rziwtV-Qc-00640-00158002-00158134 Carlos question about the role of
D9rziwtV-Qc-00641-00158135-00158632 academia recognizing that the different
D9rziwtV-Qc-00642-00158633-00158785 kinds of data may produce different
D9rziwtV-Qc-00643-00158786-00159073 signals and have different outputs can
D9rziwtV-Qc-00644-00159074-00159286 be validated in some sort of
D9rziwtV-Qc-00645-00159287-00159528 experimental setting to then provide
D9rziwtV-Qc-00646-00159529-00159863 guidance on what to use when and where
D9rziwtV-Qc-00647-00159864-00160188 you know the other thing I it because
D9rziwtV-Qc-00648-00160189-00160365 the answers would be longer the other
D9rziwtV-Qc-00649-00160366-00160597 thing I'll add the question was a little
D9rziwtV-Qc-00650-00160598-00161020 long it was but so just one final point
D9rziwtV-Qc-00651-00161021-00161334 is you know and my experience is a
D9rziwtV-Qc-00652-00161335-00161664 searcher I found that you know it can be
D9rziwtV-Qc-00653-00161665-00162062 easy to to identify a publishable result
D9rziwtV-Qc-00654-00162063-00162381 but that result may not be so useful in
D9rziwtV-Qc-00655-00162382-00162752 a much larger system and so I would ask
D9rziwtV-Qc-00656-00162753-00163091 that this is a value of a larger
D9rziwtV-Qc-00657-00163092-00163359 collaboration is to have the investment
D9rziwtV-Qc-00658-00163360-00163545 in resources to create larger scale
D9rziwtV-Qc-00659-00163546-00163776 systems so that you're really measuring
D9rziwtV-Qc-00660-00163777-00164061 end-to-end outcomes and ensuring that
D9rziwtV-Qc-00661-00164062-00164256 that component that you're working on
D9rziwtV-Qc-00662-00164257-00164436 when you produce the statistically
D9rziwtV-Qc-00663-00164437-00164637 significant improvement actually has
D9rziwtV-Qc-00664-00164638-00164787 impact on the larger problem you're
D9rziwtV-Qc-00665-00164788-00164952 trying to solve and while it's
D9rziwtV-Qc-00666-00164953-00165077 interesting to publish on these little
D9rziwtV-Qc-00667-00165078-00165246 units if they don't actually make the
D9rziwtV-Qc-00668-00165247-00165426 whole thing work better it's much less
D9rziwtV-Qc-00669-00165427-00165699 interesting so can people start to raise
D9rziwtV-Qc-00670-00165700-00165873 their hands and i'm going to ask our
D9rziwtV-Qc-00671-00165874-00166098 while the microphone is getting them to
D9rziwtV-Qc-00672-00166099-00166299 ask for a one-line comment from each of
D9rziwtV-Qc-00673-00166300-00166512 you what is the most interesting thing
D9rziwtV-Qc-00674-00166513-00166731 in one sentence that you've discovered
D9rziwtV-Qc-00675-00166732-00166908 as a data scientist in each of your
D9rziwtV-Qc-00676-00166909-00167043 roles or that your company has
D9rziwtV-Qc-00677-00167044-00167264 discovered you can think about that for
D9rziwtV-Qc-00678-00167265-00168635 when we when we have down time go ahead
D9rziwtV-Qc-00679-00168636-00169682 yes so the question is are for Chris
D9rziwtV-Qc-00680-00169683-00170445 give it up given the overall climate of
D9rziwtV-Qc-00681-00170446-00170835 our country in a recent month what do
D9rziwtV-Qc-00682-00170836-00171075 you think is the role of potential is
D9rziwtV-Qc-00683-00171076-00171384 there a role for data scientists to to
D9rziwtV-Qc-00684-00171385-00171597 contribute to improve our overall
D9rziwtV-Qc-00685-00171598-00171914 climate what can I have with journalists
D9rziwtV-Qc-00686-00171915-00172950 can you identify the real Carly I as an
D9rziwtV-Qc-00687-00172951-00173121 individual and not sudden York Times
D9rziwtV-Qc-00688-00173122-00173469 what do you think I mean there's many
D9rziwtV-Qc-00689-00173470-00173772 ways to answer that question like let's
D9rziwtV-Qc-00690-00173773-00174048 go back to Jefferson who said given the
D9rziwtV-Qc-00691-00174049-00174222 choice between functioning government
D9rziwtV-Qc-00692-00174223-00174483 and fun functioning press he would
D9rziwtV-Qc-00693-00174484-00174648 rather have a functioning press right
D9rziwtV-Qc-00694-00174649-00174777 because the fluctuating press leads to
D9rziwtV-Qc-00695-00174778-00175311 the functioning of government so I don't
D9rziwtV-Qc-00696-00175312-00175641 see evidence that this James I think
D9rziwtV-Qc-00697-00175642-00175803 it's useful to have a very functioning
D9rziwtV-Qc-00698-00175804-00176061 independent journalism function in your
D9rziwtV-Qc-00699-00176062-00176513 country so that I would say is not news
D9rziwtV-Qc-00700-00176514-00176727 data scientists can be useful there
D9rziwtV-Qc-00701-00176728-00176925 because as I mentioned earlier any
D9rziwtV-Qc-00702-00176926-00177104 company that has a website which is to
D9rziwtV-Qc-00703-00177105-00177423 say any company has abundant data about
D9rziwtV-Qc-00704-00177424-00177582 the way people are engaging with their
D9rziwtV-Qc-00705-00177583-00177954 product and so it would be useful to put
D9rziwtV-Qc-00706-00177955-00178101 those data to work not a way to improve
D9rziwtV-Qc-00707-00178102-00178254 the product but not to go out of
D9rziwtV-Qc-00708-00178255-00178506 business which is another goal of
D9rziwtV-Qc-00709-00178507-00178833 companies so I think data science can be
D9rziwtV-Qc-00710-00178834-00179382 useful there my colleague asked about
D9rziwtV-Qc-00711-00179383-00179753 whether you can spot fake news I will
D9rziwtV-Qc-00712-00179754-00179991 respond by quoting somebody not in the
D9rziwtV-Qc-00713-00179992-00180237 room so there's a yarmulke an interview
D9rziwtV-Qc-00714-00180238-00180404 from December where he was quoted in The
D9rziwtV-Qc-00715-00180405-00180723 Wall Street Journal as saying of course
D9rziwtV-Qc-00716-00180724-00180936 when it comes to spotting fake news that
D9rziwtV-Qc-00717-00180937-00181113 technology either exist or can be
D9rziwtV-Qc-00718-00181114-00181335 developed but whether or not we should
D9rziwtV-Qc-00719-00181336-00181506 do so at Facebook that's not my
D9rziwtV-Qc-00720-00181507-00181657 department
D9rziwtV-Qc-00721-00181658-00182066 so John is on record as saying that in
D9rziwtV-Qc-00722-00182067-00182357 fact we can spot big news and we should
D9rziwtV-Qc-00723-00182358-00182705 await somebody who's yawns boss to ask
D9rziwtV-Qc-00724-00182706-00183023 him to do so so apparently yes that is a
D9rziwtV-Qc-00725-00183024-00183257 solvable problem it's certainly more
D9rziwtV-Qc-00726-00183258-00183575 solvable if you work at the place that
D9rziwtV-Qc-00727-00183576-00183929 has all the data and ninety percent of
D9rziwtV-Qc-00728-00183930-00184151 all of the digital advertising spend in
D9rziwtV-Qc-00729-00184152-00184493 the world right now and plenty of the
D9rziwtV-Qc-00730-00184494-00184727 data scientists so we could spot the
D9rziwtV-Qc-00731-00184728-00185006 fake news but spotting the fake news i
D9rziwtV-Qc-00732-00185007-00185339 think is not the problem right I think
D9rziwtV-Qc-00733-00185340-00185438 there are other things that you can do
D9rziwtV-Qc-00734-00185439-00186001 to ameliorate the impact of a news I
D9rziwtV-Qc-00735-00186002-00186350 think my I the reason I kind of threw
D9rziwtV-Qc-00736-00186351-00186524 that out there because I have this hope
D9rziwtV-Qc-00737-00186525-00186743 that with the kind of analytics that
D9rziwtV-Qc-00738-00186744-00186983 we're using we can actually support
D9rziwtV-Qc-00739-00186984-00187523 facts and it wasn't a criticism of the
D9rziwtV-Qc-00740-00187524-00187727 immediate was more you know how do we
D9rziwtV-Qc-00741-00187728-00187970 leverage this to provide evidence to
D9rziwtV-Qc-00742-00187971-00188141 support factual information so that
D9rziwtV-Qc-00743-00188142-00188471 people make you know sound arguments
D9rziwtV-Qc-00744-00188472-00188714 based in fact I do know that from
D9rziwtV-Qc-00745-00188715-00188906 students of mine network at tripadvisor
D9rziwtV-Qc-00746-00188907-00189185 that they can spot fake reviews next
D9rziwtV-Qc-00747-00189186-00189905 question hi this is a question for Chris
D9rziwtV-Qc-00748-00189906-00190064 Chris my question was when you
D9rziwtV-Qc-00749-00190065-00190394 implemented your cause of the bot did
D9rziwtV-Qc-00750-00190395-00190528 you consider advocating for
D9rziwtV-Qc-00751-00190529-00190772 organizational reward or punishment to
D9rziwtV-Qc-00752-00190773-00191096 add information through someone's
D9rziwtV-Qc-00753-00191097-00191279 workflow or did you go straight toward
D9rziwtV-Qc-00754-00191280-00191459 the technology solution of being able to
D9rziwtV-Qc-00755-00191460-00191636 pull that information from their
D9rziwtV-Qc-00756-00191637-00191951 existing workflow I'm sorry to respond
D9rziwtV-Qc-00757-00191952-00192119 to with it with a question to your
D9rziwtV-Qc-00758-00192120-00192398 question what did I advocate for
D9rziwtV-Qc-00759-00192399-00194045 punishing people
D9rziwtV-Qc-00760-00194046-00194265 [Music]
D9rziwtV-Qc-00761-00194266-00194832 oh so that's not my department not folks
D9rziwtV-Qc-00762-00194833-00195055 so so the New York Times actually
D9rziwtV-Qc-00763-00195056-00195217 created an audience development group in
D9rziwtV-Qc-00764-00195218-00195496 September of 2014 and that was the
D9rziwtV-Qc-00765-00195497-00195607 challenge they close to you a bunch of
D9rziwtV-Qc-00766-00195608-00195961 journalists is keep in your head the six
D9rziwtV-Qc-00767-00195962-00196183 hundred or so URLs we put out in the
D9rziwtV-Qc-00768-00196184-00196588 last 24 hours and be you know 20 to 30
D9rziwtV-Qc-00769-00196589-00196873 social media channels and the 96 15
D9rziwtV-Qc-00770-00196874-00197098 minute increments of the day and figure
D9rziwtV-Qc-00771-00197099-00197284 out how to do the matching among all of
D9rziwtV-Qc-00772-00197285-00197520 those things so I didn't have to
D9rziwtV-Qc-00773-00197521-00197710 incentives at assignment is already a
D9rziwtV-Qc-00774-00197711-00197935 pain in the ass and it doesn't really
D9rziwtV-Qc-00775-00197936-00198112 matter how good your news judgment is
D9rziwtV-Qc-00776-00198113-00198262 that's just too much for any human being
D9rziwtV-Qc-00777-00198263-00198640 to keep in your head so I was working
D9rziwtV-Qc-00778-00198641-00198739 with people who really wanted the
D9rziwtV-Qc-00779-00198740-00199162 problem solved but I got a related
D9rziwtV-Qc-00780-00199163-00199318 question which you didn't ask but I will
D9rziwtV-Qc-00781-00199319-00199621 answer is I think it's very dangerous to
D9rziwtV-Qc-00782-00199622-00199858 try to use data science as a management
D9rziwtV-Qc-00783-00199859-00200203 tool you know trying to use data to
D9rziwtV-Qc-00784-00200204-00200383 quantify people's performance and then
D9rziwtV-Qc-00785-00200384-00200611 rank them and then fire people based on
D9rziwtV-Qc-00786-00200612-00200779 with some quantitative metric that is a
D9rziwtV-Qc-00787-00200780-00201025 very old subject in statistics you know
D9rziwtV-Qc-00788-00201026-00201220 as old as you know one of the first
D9rziwtV-Qc-00789-00201221-00201451 usages of PCA was to take a bunch of
D9rziwtV-Qc-00790-00201452-00201562 people's different performance on
D9rziwtV-Qc-00791-00201563-00201757 classes and try to create a G factor for
D9rziwtV-Qc-00792-00201758-00201919 their intelligence presumably so you can
D9rziwtV-Qc-00793-00201920-00202149 fire people with low values with that
D9rziwtV-Qc-00794-00202150-00202561 I'm very skeptical of data science as a
D9rziwtV-Qc-00795-00202562-00202843 tool for four people management I think
D9rziwtV-Qc-00796-00202844-00203092 it's far better to for example when
D9rziwtV-Qc-00797-00203093-00203308 you're hiring faculty just useful to
D9rziwtV-Qc-00798-00203309-00203497 read their papers and not just count how
D9rziwtV-Qc-00799-00203498-00203803 many they have so as they say not
D9rziwtV-Qc-00800-00203804-00203896 everything that counts can be counted
D9rziwtV-Qc-00801-00203897-00204040 and not everything that can be counted
D9rziwtV-Qc-00802-00204041-00204385 counts so in terms of incenting people
D9rziwtV-Qc-00803-00204386-00204601 to use the tool or something hi I stayed
D9rziwtV-Qc-00804-00204602-00204832 away from and was never asked to use the
D9rziwtV-Qc-00805-00204833-00205098 tool to rank order people's value to the
D9rziwtV-Qc-00806-00205100-00205273 journalism based on how much they
D9rziwtV-Qc-00807-00205273-00205708 tweeted or something I did well we're
D9rziwtV-Qc-00808-00205709-00205915 waiting for the mic to go over there did
D9rziwtV-Qc-00809-00205916-00206161 any of the three of you at
D9rziwtV-Qc-00810-00206162-00206344 what your most important contribution
D9rziwtV-Qc-00811-00206346-00206819 ever was surprising oh all right I'll
D9rziwtV-Qc-00812-00206819-00207076 give mine so I did something called trip
D9rziwtV-Qc-00813-00207077-00207301 narrative for a large airline they were
D9rziwtV-Qc-00814-00207302-00207473 trying to figure out from basically the
D9rziwtV-Qc-00815-00207473-00207628 minute you bought your ticket so you
D9rziwtV-Qc-00816-00207629-00207781 flew and whatever and you left the
D9rziwtV-Qc-00817-00207782-00207910 airport and they lost your bag and
D9rziwtV-Qc-00818-00207911-00208162 whatever were you going to complain or
D9rziwtV-Qc-00819-00208163-00208441 not and if you were and you're an
D9rziwtV-Qc-00820-00208442-00208600 important customer could they sort of
D9rziwtV-Qc-00821-00208601-00208789 head it off by giving you a free drink
D9rziwtV-Qc-00822-00208790-00208984 or free flight depending on how
D9rziwtV-Qc-00823-00208985-00209230 important you were found people who fly
D9rziwtV-Qc-00824-00209231-00210196 monday mornings are huge huge whiner yes
D9rziwtV-Qc-00825-00210198-00210475 good this question is for Eric you
D9rziwtV-Qc-00826-00210476-00210628 mentioned the rigorous process around
D9rziwtV-Qc-00827-00210629-00210844 medical devices and peer reviews another
D9rziwtV-Qc-00828-00210846-00211102 rigorous process for medicine what
D9rziwtV-Qc-00829-00211103-00211330 happens when machine learning starts to
D9rziwtV-Qc-00830-00211331-00211592 change the way we diagnose and treat
D9rziwtV-Qc-00831-00211592-00211930 illness if it can't be peer reviewed or
D9rziwtV-Qc-00832-00211931-00212144 checks like humans necessarily because
D9rziwtV-Qc-00833-00212144-00212390 it's dealing with giant datasets it's a
D9rziwtV-Qc-00834-00212391-00212813 good question and I think there's a
D9rziwtV-Qc-00835-00212814-00213173 couple of elements to this so even if
D9rziwtV-Qc-00836-00213173-00213451 you have an a technique that is based on
D9rziwtV-Qc-00837-00213452-00213641 machine learning you can treat it like
D9rziwtV-Qc-00838-00213642-00213815 any other device and run large-scale
D9rziwtV-Qc-00839-00213816-00214006 studies on that and measure its efficacy
D9rziwtV-Qc-00840-00214007-00214459 and safety that way so you can certainly
D9rziwtV-Qc-00841-00214460-00214846 do that I think where it starts to get a
D9rziwtV-Qc-00842-00214848-00215092 little more complicated is they these
D9rziwtV-Qc-00843-00215094-00215398 systems differ from deterministic or
D9rziwtV-Qc-00844-00215400-00215575 rule-based systems where you can as a
D9rziwtV-Qc-00845-00215576-00215803 human reason about the steps that it's
D9rziwtV-Qc-00846-00215804-00215966 going through and come out with the
D9rziwtV-Qc-00847-00215967-00216344 expected outcome and so as anybody who
D9rziwtV-Qc-00848-00216344-00216515 works with these statistical techniques
D9rziwtV-Qc-00849-00216516-00216689 or machine learning techniques knows
D9rziwtV-Qc-00850-00216690-00216973 there's a whole methodology for how you
D9rziwtV-Qc-00851-00216975-00217223 go about training testing and evaluating
D9rziwtV-Qc-00852-00217223-00217496 these systems and I think it just means
D9rziwtV-Qc-00853-00217496-00217792 that we have to formalize that process
D9rziwtV-Qc-00854-00217794-00218107 and make it make it much more easy to
D9rziwtV-Qc-00855-00218108-00218669 apply a much more foolproof to apply and
D9rziwtV-Qc-00856-00218669-00218939 make it easy for everything everybody to
D9rziwtV-Qc-00857-00218940-00219233 understand what's going on I
D9rziwtV-Qc-00858-00219234-00219500 you know I will admit and this was
D9rziwtV-Qc-00859-00219501-00219666 actually maybe a surprising not so much
D9rziwtV-Qc-00860-00219667-00219888 a data science thing that was surprising
D9rziwtV-Qc-00861-00219889-00220178 but I work in a large research
D9rziwtV-Qc-00862-00220179-00220400 institution with a lot of PhDs even
D9rziwtV-Qc-00863-00220401-00220634 sometimes those people forget that when
D9rziwtV-Qc-00864-00220635-00220799 you're training a system you really
D9rziwtV-Qc-00865-00220800-00220925 ought not to be testing on your training
D9rziwtV-Qc-00866-00220926-00221394 data song if they're you know simple
D9rziwtV-Qc-00867-00221394-00221519 things about how you manage your data
D9rziwtV-Qc-00868-00221521-00221774 and then how you run your experiments
D9rziwtV-Qc-00869-00221775-00221921 and then how you validate them and test
D9rziwtV-Qc-00870-00221922-00222056 them and some of this is at the
D9rziwtV-Qc-00871-00222057-00222192 component level and then of course when
D9rziwtV-Qc-00872-00222192-00222342 you have the overall system you have to
D9rziwtV-Qc-00873-00222342-00222492 run these larger scale studies and make
D9rziwtV-Qc-00874-00222492-00222671 sure you're doing them with enough power
D9rziwtV-Qc-00875-00222672-00223034 so that everything is meaningful and one
D9rziwtV-Qc-00876-00223035-00223496 one last thing I'll mention is how do
D9rziwtV-Qc-00877-00223497-00223676 you use the results and so a whole
D9rziwtV-Qc-00878-00223677-00223887 nother topic here which was mentioned a
D9rziwtV-Qc-00879-00223888-00224054 little bit this morning is visualization
D9rziwtV-Qc-00880-00224055-00224249 how do I interpret what's coming out of
D9rziwtV-Qc-00881-00224250-00224504 this and I think that can be a very
D9rziwtV-Qc-00882-00224505-00224660 important component of how these things
D9rziwtV-Qc-00883-00224661-00224841 are ultimately leveraged in a meaningful
D9rziwtV-Qc-00884-00224842-00225221 way especially if how they work
D9rziwtV-Qc-00885-00225222-00225410 underneath is a little bit opaque the
D9rziwtV-Qc-00886-00225411-00225623 visualization can help the human who's
D9rziwtV-Qc-00887-00225624-00225860 using it leverage that information in a
D9rziwtV-Qc-00888-00225861-00226058 collaborative way to ultimately make the
D9rziwtV-Qc-00889-00226059-00226413 best informed decision possible thank
D9rziwtV-Qc-00890-00226414-00226737 you next question Thanks this is an
D9rziwtV-Qc-00891-00226738-00226946 excellent panel very insightful i
D9rziwtV-Qc-00892-00226947-00227214 detectin for chris described as a tech
D9rziwtV-Qc-00893-00227215-00227471 phone this before but if a company is it
D9rziwtV-Qc-00894-00227472-00227720 early stage of data science journey
D9rziwtV-Qc-00895-00227721-00227892 could you go a little further on
D9rziwtV-Qc-00896-00227892-00228146 commenting on what what starting
D9rziwtV-Qc-00897-00228147-00228312 assumptions had turned out to be the
D9rziwtV-Qc-00898-00228313-00228650 most true and what has turned out to be
D9rziwtV-Qc-00899-00228651-00229184 not true in their experience mmm so when
D9rziwtV-Qc-00900-00229185-00229317 I talked about a company starting their
D9rziwtV-Qc-00901-00229317-00229437 journey I was really talking about the
D9rziwtV-Qc-00902-00229438-00229580 fact that you need that data engineering
D9rziwtV-Qc-00903-00229581-00229721 to be solid before you can do
D9rziwtV-Qc-00904-00229722-00229989 interesting data science but in terms of
D9rziwtV-Qc-00905-00229990-00230314 assumptions that were true or not true
D9rziwtV-Qc-00906-00230315-00230494 [Music]
D9rziwtV-Qc-00907-00230496-00230780 hard to say something generally I can
D9rziwtV-Qc-00908-00230781-00231012 think of one thing I had which is when
D9rziwtV-Qc-00909-00231013-00231219 we were looking at engagement data and
D9rziwtV-Qc-00910-00231219-00231366 trying to do things like predict which
D9rziwtV-Qc-00911-00231367-00231584 which visitors will become subscribers
D9rziwtV-Qc-00912-00231585-00231734 and which subscribers would be retained
D9rziwtV-Qc-00913-00231735-00232010 I immediately thought we should throw
D9rziwtV-Qc-00914-00232011-00232202 away all of the self-reported data like
D9rziwtV-Qc-00915-00232203-00232335 when you have a pulldown menu and you
D9rziwtV-Qc-00916-00232336-00232626 say I'm a banker I'm a candlestick maker
D9rziwtV-Qc-00917-00232627-00232860 or whatever and I'm you know 48 or
D9rziwtV-Qc-00918-00232861-00233211 whatever but to my surprise those data
D9rziwtV-Qc-00919-00233212-00233439 turned out to be really useful the
D9rziwtV-Qc-00920-00233440-00233586 self-reported data which surprises me
D9rziwtV-Qc-00921-00233587-00233796 because I always say I'm from Azerbaijan
D9rziwtV-Qc-00922-00233796-00234207 and I'm and I'm 0 years old and I'm an
D9rziwtV-Qc-00923-00234208-00234336 accountant because those are their
D9rziwtV-Qc-00924-00234337-00234627 profile for you out there Rachel I'm
D9rziwtV-Qc-00925-00234628-00234801 interested in your take on that same
D9rziwtV-Qc-00926-00234802-00234963 question because you work with so many
D9rziwtV-Qc-00927-00234964-00235155 companies when you're at opera solutions
D9rziwtV-Qc-00928-00235156-00235410 that I have two parts to the question
D9rziwtV-Qc-00929-00235411-00235673 that are highly related the first is how
D9rziwtV-Qc-00930-00235675-00235842 many of them had never really done data
D9rziwtV-Qc-00931-00235842-00235986 science and they were bringing you in
D9rziwtV-Qc-00932-00235987-00236334 and then can you answer in the context
D9rziwtV-Qc-00933-00236335-00236550 of that the same question that Chris got
D9rziwtV-Qc-00934-00236551-00236700 because you've had a whole swath of
D9rziwtV-Qc-00935-00236701-00237029 companies that you worked with so
D9rziwtV-Qc-00936-00237030-00237261 there's definitely most of the companies
D9rziwtV-Qc-00937-00237262-00237465 would work with really fortune 100 so I
D9rziwtV-Qc-00938-00237466-00237741 so they had some kind of data science in
D9rziwtV-Qc-00939-00237742-00237969 the company but not necessarily the
D9rziwtV-Qc-00940-00237969-00238317 people that we were working with so we
D9rziwtV-Qc-00941-00238317-00238521 did one project but we ended up using an
D9rziwtV-Qc-00942-00238521-00238848 SVM to model whether people would be
D9rziwtV-Qc-00943-00238848-00239208 upgrading or not upgrading their to a
D9rziwtV-Qc-00944-00239209-00239367 first-class ticket right so they have a
D9rziwtV-Qc-00945-00239367-00239642 they want people to upgrade but and if
D9rziwtV-Qc-00946-00239644-00239819 they get to the airport and they haven't
D9rziwtV-Qc-00947-00239821-00239982 upgraded and they really want people to
D9rziwtV-Qc-00948-00239983-00240108 upgrade because they want to fill their
D9rziwtV-Qc-00949-00240109-00240398 plane and so they give you a lower price
D9rziwtV-Qc-00950-00240398-00240780 but people who ply a lot know that and
D9rziwtV-Qc-00951-00240781-00240939 we want to make sure that they don't
D9rziwtV-Qc-00952-00240940-00241098 wait until the last minute because then
D9rziwtV-Qc-00953-00241098-00241308 they make less money and so we had used
D9rziwtV-Qc-00954-00241309-00241764 an SVM and the executive was extremely
D9rziwtV-Qc-00955-00241765-00241971 impressed and wanted to buy very very
D9rziwtV-Qc-00956-00241971-00242700 many spm for his company so any users
D9rziwtV-Qc-00957-00242701-00242856 there has definitely been cases like
D9rziwtV-Qc-00958-00242857-00243027 that but within his company they were
D9rziwtV-Qc-00959-00243028-00243369 certainly others who had used them I
D9rziwtV-Qc-00960-00243369-00243582 think the biggest the biggest thing
D9rziwtV-Qc-00961-00243583-00243873 we've seen is making people move from
D9rziwtV-Qc-00962-00243873-00244284 sort of their small in-memory tools that
D9rziwtV-Qc-00963-00244285-00244650 are Python to make them move to the
D9rziwtV-Qc-00964-00244651-00244905 Hadoop cloud we're instead of sub
D9rziwtV-Qc-00965-00244906-00245069 sampling their data they can actually
D9rziwtV-Qc-00966-00245071-00245334 use it all right and segment it in
D9rziwtV-Qc-00967-00245335-00245640 different ways you know high-value low
D9rziwtV-Qc-00968-00245641-00245687 value
D9rziwtV-Qc-00969-00245688-00245923 this population that population and that
D9rziwtV-Qc-00970-00245925-00246131 sort of data science i think has been
D9rziwtV-Qc-00971-00246132-00246383 used to a lot of them because because
D9rziwtV-Qc-00972-00246384-00246758 the tools are new so we have another
D9rziwtV-Qc-00973-00246759-00247721 question so this question there for when
D9rziwtV-Qc-00974-00247721-00247907 we're doing dinner at Alinea all around
D9rziwtV-Qc-00975-00247908-00248051 high speed decisions where we're
D9rziwtV-Qc-00976-00248052-00248201 attempting to make recommendations such
D9rziwtV-Qc-00977-00248202-00248531 as an elven but and other which is like
D9rziwtV-Qc-00978-00248532-00248735 self-driving cars as well right it's
D9rziwtV-Qc-00979-00248736-00248990 this idea of at some point derivatives
D9rziwtV-Qc-00980-00248991-00249119 either going to make a decision for
D9rziwtV-Qc-00981-00249119-00249353 making strong recommendations that has
D9rziwtV-Qc-00982-00249354-00249569 life at conferences for the people thats
D9rziwtV-Qc-00983-00249569-00250040 interaction to what extent has as you
D9rziwtV-Qc-00984-00250041-00250289 guys been talking about like how should
D9rziwtV-Qc-00985-00250290-00250625 we call tourism opens onto the bowl able
D9rziwtV-Qc-00986-00250626-00250862 for people to understand so it's not
D9rziwtV-Qc-00987-00250863-00251189 like some kinds of okay as your sake
D9rziwtV-Qc-00988-00251190-00251402 before and all things like babies type
D9rziwtV-Qc-00989-00251403-00251609 of the old machine learning you know
D9rziwtV-Qc-00990-00251610-00251894 black hole around something we can look
D9rziwtV-Qc-00991-00251894-00252121 at closely and understand how this is
D9rziwtV-Qc-00992-00252123-00252748 going to make decisions when people want
D9rziwtV-Qc-00993-00252748-00253139 good question again so the openness of
D9rziwtV-Qc-00994-00253140-00253421 course for any commercial entities is
D9rziwtV-Qc-00995-00253421-00253826 always a bit tricky because these things
D9rziwtV-Qc-00996-00253827-00254060 could be proprietary they could be your
D9rziwtV-Qc-00997-00254061-00254246 intellectual property it could be your
D9rziwtV-Qc-00998-00254246-00254489 you know the secret sauce and what
D9rziwtV-Qc-00999-00254490-00254842 you're doing and so I think in the ideal
D9rziwtV-Qc-01000-00254844-00255196 world there would be way to validate the
D9rziwtV-Qc-01001-00255198-00255353 efficacy the effectiveness and the
D9rziwtV-Qc-01002-00255354-00255554 safety of these things without having to
D9rziwtV-Qc-01003-00255555-00255761 peel it open too much and exposed
D9rziwtV-Qc-01004-00255762-00256136 exactly how it's doing and today you
D9rziwtV-Qc-01005-00256137-00256337 know some of these techniques let's say
D9rziwtV-Qc-01006-00256338-00256511 you use some deep learning techniques
D9rziwtV-Qc-01007-00256512-00256715 with you know how many of our hidden
D9rziwtV-Qc-01008-00256716-00256955 layers or whatever it becomes almost an
D9rziwtV-Qc-01009-00256956-00257291 uninterruptible by anybody the only way
D9rziwtV-Qc-01010-00257292-00257450 that you can validate it is with a
D9rziwtV-Qc-01011-00257451-00257642 large-scale experiment to show that it's
D9rziwtV-Qc-01012-00257642-00258029 doing the right thing there are again
D9rziwtV-Qc-01013-00258030-00258257 regulatory agencies that really want you
D9rziwtV-Qc-01014-00258258-00258467 to be able to explain what's going on
D9rziwtV-Qc-01015-00258467-00258848 you know set aside health care even in
D9rziwtV-Qc-01016-00258848-00259046 the financial space if you want to come
D9rziwtV-Qc-01017-00259046-00259319 up with models for predicting credit
D9rziwtV-Qc-01018-00259319-00259585 card churn their expectations is you're
D9rziwtV-Qc-01019-00259586-00259727 going to expose how that's being done
D9rziwtV-Qc-01020-00259728-00259844 because they want to make sure there
D9rziwtV-Qc-01021-00259844-00260138 aren't any you know biases based on
D9rziwtV-Qc-01022-00260139-00260410 demographics for instance but if it's
D9rziwtV-Qc-01023-00260411-00260821 just statistical data driven it's doing
D9rziwtV-Qc-01024-00260823-00261065 what the data is doing maybe your data
D9rziwtV-Qc-01025-00261066-00261235 is biased and you want to expose that as
D9rziwtV-Qc-01026-00261236-00261632 well stepping back a little bit one way
D9rziwtV-Qc-01027-00261633-00261773 to address this is to make sure that you
D9rziwtV-Qc-01028-00261773-00261985 design the overall application in a way
D9rziwtV-Qc-01029-00261986-00262193 that is tuned for the level of
D9rziwtV-Qc-01030-00262194-00262370 performance these components give it so
D9rziwtV-Qc-01031-00262371-00262526 my personal experience and that would be
D9rziwtV-Qc-01032-00262527-00262880 with this jeopardy system where the
D9rziwtV-Qc-01033-00262881-00263021 system was not going to be perfect and
D9rziwtV-Qc-01034-00263022-00263279 the life or death situation was that if
D9rziwtV-Qc-01035-00263280-00263504 it crashed on TV I wouldn't have a job
D9rziwtV-Qc-01036-00263505-00263785 and so we made sure we designed the
D9rziwtV-Qc-01037-00263786-00264059 whole end-to-end system to anticipate
D9rziwtV-Qc-01038-00264060-00264329 certain failure modes and a particular
D9rziwtV-Qc-01039-00264330-00264535 if the system can produce a confidence
D9rziwtV-Qc-01040-00264536-00264674 level in its response you can
D9rziwtV-Qc-01041-00264675-00264854 incorporate that into how its leverage
D9rziwtV-Qc-01042-00264855-00265169 in the overall solution so when you
D9rziwtV-Qc-01043-00265170-00265499 watch jeopardy did you need like some
D9rziwtV-Qc-01044-00265500-00265766 kind of like valium to keep you calm so
D9rziwtV-Qc-01045-00265767-00265970 that it wouldn't crash sure I think
D9rziwtV-Qc-01046-00265971-00266222 we're all very tired by the time it it
D9rziwtV-Qc-01047-00266223-00266441 happened when it was playing we just
D9rziwtV-Qc-01048-00266442-00266680 want to watch jeopardy in general okay
D9rziwtV-Qc-01049-00266681-00266924 well yeah while your assistant was
D9rziwtV-Qc-01050-00266925-00267278 playing trigger thing so if you may not
D9rziwtV-Qc-01051-00267279-00267527 know that the whole three-day thing was
D9rziwtV-Qc-01052-00267528-00267722 taped in one afternoon actually up in
D9rziwtV-Qc-01053-00267723-00268097 yorktown heights in January and so the
D9rziwtV-Qc-01054-00268098-00268199 whole technical team was there in the
D9rziwtV-Qc-01055-00268200-00268343 audience along with a bunch of ID and
D9rziwtV-Qc-01056-00268344-00268628 executives and their their guests and if
D9rziwtV-Qc-01057-00268629-00268796 you've watched the exhibition match the
D9rziwtV-Qc-01058-00268797-00268952 camera at occasionally pan the audience
D9rziwtV-Qc-01059-00268953-00269129 everybody is having a lot of fun and a
D9rziwtV-Qc-01060-00269130-00269288 good time except for that team in the
D9rziwtV-Qc-01061-00269289-00269414 lower left corner that is looking very
D9rziwtV-Qc-01062-00269415-00269639 stern and nervous and that was the
D9rziwtV-Qc-01063-00269640-00269878 technical team
D9rziwtV-Qc-01064-00269879-00270191 time for perhaps one more question and
D9rziwtV-Qc-01065-00270192-00270669 how about how about that I or back there
D9rziwtV-Qc-01066-00270670-00271202 wherever yeah right there was there
D9rziwtV-Qc-01067-00271203-00271481 someone back there yes I my question is
D9rziwtV-Qc-01068-00271482-00271719 is the racial because you mentioned you
D9rziwtV-Qc-01069-00271720-00272013 mentioned the descriptives a design and
D9rziwtV-Qc-01070-00272014-00272384 I want to know how you I want my
D9rziwtV-Qc-01071-00272385-00272562 question is how do you think about where
D9rziwtV-Qc-01072-00272563-00272796 to where to open where maybe decided
D9rziwtV-Qc-01073-00272797-00273015 that's actually there is nothing there
D9rziwtV-Qc-01074-00273016-00273264 to you know the data can explain what's
D9rziwtV-Qc-01075-00273265-00273624 difficult I think Todd compared to
D9rziwtV-Qc-01076-00273625-00273813 testing where you can just test your
D9rziwtV-Qc-01077-00273814-00274214 prediction you know whether it works
D9rziwtV-Qc-01078-00274215-00274433 yeah I mean I think that's a great point
D9rziwtV-Qc-01079-00274434-00274604 re sometimes they're modeled assorted
D9rziwtV-Qc-01080-00274605-00274818 sherwin evening me so I think one thing
D9rziwtV-Qc-01081-00274819-00275088 to consider is there is always humans
D9rziwtV-Qc-01082-00275089-00275285 also part of this often very much
D9rziwtV-Qc-01083-00275286-00275456 experts in their field or 80 maybe
D9rziwtV-Qc-01084-00275457-00275694 domain experts and so sometimes you'll
D9rziwtV-Qc-01085-00275695-00275984 say well this model shows nothing and at
D9rziwtV-Qc-01086-00275985-00276165 that same porch pharmacy they had
D9rziwtV-Qc-01087-00276166-00276467 accidentally categorized soft drinks as
D9rziwtV-Qc-01088-00276468-00276816 toothpaste right and so you know i think
D9rziwtV-Qc-01089-00276817-00277028 sometimes sometimes being able to look
D9rziwtV-Qc-01090-00277029-00277200 at your model descriptive way helps you
D9rziwtV-Qc-01091-00277201-00277344 sort of validate it on a human
D9rziwtV-Qc-01092-00277345-00277580 common-sense level I think sometimes
D9rziwtV-Qc-01093-00277581-00277776 it's a question of just changing the
D9rziwtV-Qc-01094-00277777-00278080 features again if it's human readable
D9rziwtV-Qc-01095-00278081-00278346 for example in this transactional system
D9rziwtV-Qc-01096-00278347-00278552 situation it can be how many times did
D9rziwtV-Qc-01097-00278553-00278772 you do in last 30 days 60 days 90 days
D9rziwtV-Qc-01098-00278773-00278903 they might say oh that doesn't make
D9rziwtV-Qc-01099-00278904-00279206 sense so I think it's not just a it was
D9rziwtV-Qc-01100-00279207-00279452 successful or failed but basically do we
D9rziwtV-Qc-01101-00279453-00279762 need to do another iteration I think if
D9rziwtV-Qc-01102-00279763-00279948 the human became predicted the computers
D9rziwtV-Qc-01103-00279949-00280164 generally cantu is just do we have very
D9rziwtV-Qc-01104-00280165-00280539 features so I'd like to close with the
D9rziwtV-Qc-01105-00280540-00280799 anecdote so we have that people who fly
D9rziwtV-Qc-01106-00280800-00281135 monday mornings are pain in the neck we
D9rziwtV-Qc-01107-00281136-00281370 have that even train machine learning
D9rziwtV-Qc-01108-00281371-00281576 people can sometimes still do their
D9rziwtV-Qc-01109-00281577-00281817 testing on the training data and Chris
D9rziwtV-Qc-01110-00281818-00282032 what would yours be most surprising
D9rziwtV-Qc-01111-00282033-00282669 thing little nugget I think that I think
D9rziwtV-Qc-01112-00282670-00282833 the thing earlier that some people
D9rziwtV-Qc-01113-00282834-00283082 actually report accurately what their
D9rziwtV-Qc-01114-00283083-00283463 jobs are when they have online plan not
D9rziwtV-Qc-01115-00283464-00283817 being 0 years old and being a bio maker
D9rziwtV-Qc-01116-00283818-00284120 an accountant from Azerbaijan well I'm
D9rziwtV-Qc-01117-00284121-00284258 not know I really like to thank our
D9rziwtV-Qc-01118-00284259-00284450 panel this was really interesting thank
D9rziwtV-Qc-01119-00284451-00284731 you
D9rziwtV-Qc-01120-00284732-00284976 [Applause]