yoTlesYSLzu-00000-00000077-00000438 from New York City it's the cube
yoTlesYSLzu-00001-00000440-00000805 covering welcome to the new edge brought
yoTlesYSLzu-00002-00000806-00001196 to you by pensando systems hey welcome
yoTlesYSLzu-00003-00001197-00001340 back already Jeff Rick here with the
yoTlesYSLzu-00004-00001341-00001562 cube we are on top of Goldman Sachs in
yoTlesYSLzu-00005-00001563-00001730 downtown Manhattan it was a really
yoTlesYSLzu-00006-00001730-00001915 beautiful day a couple of hours ago but
yoTlesYSLzu-00007-00001916-00002131 the the rain is moving in but it's
yoTlesYSLzu-00008-00002132-00002242 appropriate because we're talking about
yoTlesYSLzu-00009-00002243-00002387 cloud and we're here for a very special
yoTlesYSLzu-00010-00002388-00002429 event
yoTlesYSLzu-00011-00002430-00002647 it's the pencil pen Sandow launched I'll
yoTlesYSLzu-00012-00002648-00002815 get the pronunciation right the pensando
yoTlesYSLzu-00013-00002816-00003034 launched and it's really about welcome
yoTlesYSLzu-00014-00003035-00003226 to the new edge and to start off I mean
yoTlesYSLzu-00015-00003227-00003436 I couldn't come up with two better tech
yoTlesYSLzu-00016-00003438-00003569 executives who've been around the block
yoTlesYSLzu-00017-00003570-00003740 seating at all and they're both here for
yoTlesYSLzu-00018-00003740-00003851 this launch event which is pretty
yoTlesYSLzu-00019-00003852-00003899 special
yoTlesYSLzu-00020-00003900-00004163 on my left in Tonio Neary a CEO and
yoTlesYSLzu-00021-00004164-00004349 president of HP and Tony oh great to see
yoTlesYSLzu-00022-00004350-00004532 you thanks for having me and John
yoTlesYSLzu-00023-00004533-00004688 Chambers of course we know from his
yoTlesYSLzu-00024-00004689-00004871 eight years at Cisco but now he's the
yoTlesYSLzu-00025-00004872-00005102 chairman of pensando and of course JT
yoTlesYSLzu-00026-00005103-00005273 ventures and an author and John you're
yoTlesYSLzu-00027-00005274-00005459 keeping yourself busy I am trying to
yoTlesYSLzu-00028-00005460-00005651 change the world one more time all right
yoTlesYSLzu-00029-00005652-00005837 so let's talk about that change in the
yoTlesYSLzu-00030-00005838-00006086 world cuz user to very high powerful
yoTlesYSLzu-00031-00006087-00006290 people you run big companies and you
yoTlesYSLzu-00032-00006291-00006457 talked about in your opening remarks the
yoTlesYSLzu-00033-00006458-00006670 next wave you talked about these kind of
yoTlesYSLzu-00034-00006671-00006833 ten-year waves and we're starting a new
yoTlesYSLzu-00035-00006834-00006983 one which is why you got involved
yoTlesYSLzu-00036-00006984-00007192 why did you see that coming what do you
yoTlesYSLzu-00037-00007193-00007417 see infant son in pensando and how we
yoTlesYSLzu-00038-00007418-00007634 going to address this opportunity well
yoTlesYSLzu-00039-00007634-00007841 when you think about it every 10 years
yoTlesYSLzu-00040-00007842-00007981 there's a new leader in the marketplace
yoTlesYSLzu-00041-00007982-00008195 and nobody has stayed on top longer than
yoTlesYSLzu-00042-00008196-00008405 10 years it has led in the next market
yoTlesYSLzu-00043-00008406-00008698 transition we think about it mainframes
yoTlesYSLzu-00044-00008699-00008933 IBM clearly the leader there than many
yoTlesYSLzu-00045-00008934-00009176 computers I'm biased toward Wang but Dec
yoTlesYSLzu-00046-00009177-00009523 was there then the client-server and
yoTlesYSLzu-00047-00009524-00009703 obviously Microsoft and Intel playing a
yoTlesYSLzu-00048-00009704-00009927 very key role followed by the Internet
yoTlesYSLzu-00049-00009928-00010241 where Cisco was very very successful and
yoTlesYSLzu-00050-00010242-00010456 then followed literally by that by
yoTlesYSLzu-00051-00010457-00010714 social media and then the cloud and then
yoTlesYSLzu-00052-00010715-00010958 what I think will be bigger than any of
yoTlesYSLzu-00053-00010959-00011212 the prior ones it's about what happens
yoTlesYSLzu-00054-00011213-00011377 as the cloud moves to the edge and we
yoTlesYSLzu-00055-00011378-00011551 may end up having a different term over
yoTlesYSLzu-00056-00011552-00011783 time but that really is what we saw
yoTlesYSLzu-00057-00011784-00011998 today and how we came together with a
yoTlesYSLzu-00058-00011999-00012226 common vision as the cloud moves to the
yoTlesYSLzu-00059-00012227-00012439 edge what could an ecosystem of partners
yoTlesYSLzu-00060-00012440-00012763 do with a foundation with Penn Sano at
yoTlesYSLzu-00061-00012764-00012971 the core of that to really take
yoTlesYSLzu-00062-00012972-00013166 advantage from how do you deliver
yoTlesYSLzu-00063-00013166-00013412 services to our joint customers and
yoTlesYSLzu-00064-00013413-00013583 that no one else can and have the
yoTlesYSLzu-00065-00013584-00013832 courage really to PO challenge Amazon in
yoTlesYSLzu-00066-00013833-00014041 terms of their market dominance but
yoTlesYSLzu-00067-00014043-00014240 provide choice and say it's a multi
yoTlesYSLzu-00068-00014241-00014411 cloud world how do you provide that
yoTlesYSLzu-00069-00014412-00014563 choice and then how do you differentiate
yoTlesYSLzu-00070-00014565-00014741 it together with each partner right
yoTlesYSLzu-00071-00014741-00014924 Antonio you guys been talking about edge
yoTlesYSLzu-00072-00014925-00015086 for a long long time yes yeah you've
yoTlesYSLzu-00073-00015087-00015286 been on this for a while
yoTlesYSLzu-00074-00015287-00015527 HP's such a great company used to be I
yoTlesYSLzu-00075-00015528-00015694 think one of the great validators if
yoTlesYSLzu-00076-00015696-00015929 anyone could could do a deal with HPE is
yoTlesYSLzu-00077-00015930-00016097 really a technology validation and a
yoTlesYSLzu-00078-00016097-00016250 business validation I think that still
yoTlesYSLzu-00079-00016251-00016454 holds true so you must have you know
yoTlesYSLzu-00080-00016455-00016673 knocking on your door all day long what
yoTlesYSLzu-00081-00016674-00016865 did you see in this opportunity with a
yoTlesYSLzu-00082-00016866-00017087 pensando well first of all John and I
yoTlesYSLzu-00083-00017088-00017369 see the world from the same lens we we
yoTlesYSLzu-00084-00017370-00017528 see a world where the enterprise of the
yoTlesYSLzu-00085-00017529-00017738 future will be age centric cloud enable
yoTlesYSLzu-00086-00017739-00017960 in data driven and therefore we have to
yoTlesYSLzu-00087-00017961-00018179 remove these barriers call it the cloud
yoTlesYSLzu-00088-00018180-00018350 in one place of the old one and we are
yoTlesYSLzu-00089-00018351-00018545 gonna live what I'm calling an age to
yoTlesYSLzu-00090-00018546-00018764 cloud world where car is a cloudless
yoTlesYSLzu-00091-00018765-00018974 where the cloud experience is
yoTlesYSLzu-00092-00018975-00019295 distributed everywhere and where action
yoTlesYSLzu-00093-00019296-00019472 happens is where we live and work right
yoTlesYSLzu-00094-00019473-00019595 now right here we're having a
yoTlesYSLzu-00095-00019596-00019793 conversation we are producing data and
yoTlesYSLzu-00096-00019794-00020045 we are transmitting this real-time so
yoTlesYSLzu-00097-00020046-00020303 the point is we believe the edge is a
yoTlesYSLzu-00098-00020304-00020540 new frontier and that's what the vast
yoTlesYSLzu-00099-00020541-00020786 majority has been created 75 percent of
yoTlesYSLzu-00100-00020787-00020936 the day created at the edge and this is
yoTlesYSLzu-00101-00020937-00021110 where it starts by having a common
yoTlesYSLzu-00102-00021111-00021335 vision and ultimately a coup same DNA
yoTlesYSLzu-00103-00021336-00021593 same culture Joey and I share the same
yoTlesYSLzu-00104-00021594-00021860 values for passion for customers passion
yoTlesYSLzu-00105-00021861-00022097 for driving a customer driven innovation
yoTlesYSLzu-00106-00022098-00022337 and ultimately change the world like we
yoTlesYSLzu-00107-00022338-00022559 have done for decades and I think he'll
yoTlesYSLzu-00108-00022560-00022718 epochal enterprise is uniquely
yoTlesYSLzu-00109-00022719-00022964 positioned to be the age - cloud
yoTlesYSLzu-00110-00022965-00023126 platform delivered as a service and
yoTlesYSLzu-00111-00023127-00023342 together with pensando and the great
yoTlesYSLzu-00112-00023343-00023483 technology are bringing both on the
yoTlesYSLzu-00113-00023484-00023644 silicon side and on the software side
yoTlesYSLzu-00114-00023645-00023873 together what our own know-how an
yoTlesYSLzu-00115-00023874-00024056 engineering capabilities we can change
yoTlesYSLzu-00116-00024057-00024305 the world again you know the fun part is
yoTlesYSLzu-00117-00024306-00024449 we can't almost finish each other's
yoTlesYSLzu-00118-00024450-00025106 sentences to have a common vision yeah
yoTlesYSLzu-00119-00025107-00025307 and then a few of the common culture
yoTlesYSLzu-00120-00025308-00025466 because strategic partnerships are
yoTlesYSLzu-00121-00025467-00025697 really hard yeah right and you said it
yoTlesYSLzu-00122-00025698-00025874 on stage but I could not agree with more
yoTlesYSLzu-00123-00025875-00026051 if your cultures aren't similar if you
yoTlesYSLzu-00124-00026052-00026177 don't think how does your partner win
yoTlesYSLzu-00125-00026177-00026381 first and how do you win second this is
yoTlesYSLzu-00126-00026382-00026552 very hard to do and we we can't finish
yoTlesYSLzu-00127-00026552-00026714 each other sentences and I think that is
yoTlesYSLzu-00128-00026714-00026804 another point here
yoTlesYSLzu-00129-00026805-00027029 John and I truly believe because as part
yoTlesYSLzu-00130-00027030-00027248 of our values is to use technology for
yoTlesYSLzu-00131-00027249-00027568 good so one thing is accelerating the
yoTlesYSLzu-00132-00027569-00027718 business innovation and what our
yoTlesYSLzu-00133-00027719-00027865 enterprise customers are going through
yoTlesYSLzu-00134-00027866-00028105 but then how applied that technology to
yoTlesYSLzu-00135-00028106-00028307 deliver some good and we as a company
yoTlesYSLzu-00136-00028308-00028493 have a clear purpose in life which is to
yoTlesYSLzu-00137-00028494-00028699 advance the way people live and work so
yoTlesYSLzu-00138-00028700-00028886 I think as we go through this massive
yoTlesYSLzu-00139-00028887-00029068 inflection point buff on the business
yoTlesYSLzu-00140-00029069-00029243 side and on the technology side not only
yoTlesYSLzu-00141-00029244-00029498 we can create a better world but also
yoTlesYSLzu-00142-00029499-00029680 give back someone to the communities as
yoTlesYSLzu-00143-00029681-00029867 well there are massive changes and it's
yoTlesYSLzu-00144-00029868-00030083 a sea change in infrastructure in the
yoTlesYSLzu-00145-00030083-00030257 way things are done but you hit on three
yoTlesYSLzu-00146-00030258-00030571 really key simple words and in your
yoTlesYSLzu-00147-00030572-00030952 remarks earlier Trust engineering driven
yoTlesYSLzu-00148-00030953-00031223 right which is HP's culture from from
yoTlesYSLzu-00149-00031224-00031480 the earliest Garage days and customer
yoTlesYSLzu-00150-00031481-00031771 centric so you know we hear about data
yoTlesYSLzu-00151-00031772-00032045 driven but but in in engineering you
yoTlesYSLzu-00152-00032045-00032164 don't necessarily lead with that
yoTlesYSLzu-00153-00032165-00032365 customer centric you do have to leave
yoTlesYSLzu-00154-00032366-00032524 and it's pretty interesting at pensando
yoTlesYSLzu-00155-00032525-00032699 you talk to all these customers you're
yoTlesYSLzu-00156-00032700-00032843 just launching the company today even
yoTlesYSLzu-00157-00032844-00033074 the stealth for over two years but all
yoTlesYSLzu-00158-00033075-00033212 these customers have been engaged with
yoTlesYSLzu-00159-00033213-00033314 you since the very very beginning
yoTlesYSLzu-00160-00033315-00033595 interesting approach it is and we do
yoTlesYSLzu-00161-00033596-00033812 share a common passion on that every
yoTlesYSLzu-00162-00033813-00034010 company says their customer driven but
yoTlesYSLzu-00163-00034011-00034232 just ask how the CEO spends his or her
yoTlesYSLzu-00164-00034233-00034489 time I just ask their customers do they
yoTlesYSLzu-00165-00034490-00034705 replace them first on every issue we
yoTlesYSLzu-00166-00034706-00034942 share that common value completely I
yoTlesYSLzu-00167-00034943-00035270 spend 50% of my time on the road talking
yoTlesYSLzu-00168-00035271-00035468 to customers that's my role because I
yoTlesYSLzu-00169-00035469-00035662 believe the truth is in the coalface
yoTlesYSLzu-00170-00035663-00035867 when you talk to customers you get the
yoTlesYSLzu-00171-00035868-00035995 truth what the challenges and
yoTlesYSLzu-00172-00035996-00036158 opportunities are and we need to bring
yoTlesYSLzu-00173-00036159-00036355 that succinct feedback back into a
yoTlesYSLzu-00174-00036356-00036577 product management engineering team to
yoTlesYSLzu-00175-00036578-00036743 try to solve those a problem so take
yoTlesYSLzu-00176-00036744-00036940 advantage of those opportunities by
yoTlesYSLzu-00177-00036941-00037199 delivering a better experience you start
yoTlesYSLzu-00178-00037200-00037370 with the experience first and technology
yoTlesYSLzu-00179-00037371-00037532 comes second right the other piece you
yoTlesYSLzu-00180-00037533-00037754 talked about is your team and diversity
yoTlesYSLzu-00181-00037755-00037924 and really the power of diversity and
yoTlesYSLzu-00182-00037925-00038293 and it was the Lincoln Cabinet right
yoTlesYSLzu-00183-00038294-00038449 band of people that didn't get along
yoTlesYSLzu-00184-00038450-00038596 with each other and and had a bunch of
yoTlesYSLzu-00185-00038597-00038755 different sub you but because of that it
yoTlesYSLzu-00186-00038756-00038933 surfaces issues in it it lets you see
yoTlesYSLzu-00187-00038934-00039076 multi sides
yoTlesYSLzu-00188-00039077-00039236 you said you hand-picked that team you
yoTlesYSLzu-00189-00039237-00039337 know what are some of the things you
yoTlesYSLzu-00190-00039338-00039449 thought about when you hand-picked your
yoTlesYSLzu-00191-00039450-00039577 team and you took the reins a couple
yoTlesYSLzu-00192-00039578-00039905 years ago from well it starts by you
yoTlesYSLzu-00193-00039906-00040085 know thought leadership and what how
yoTlesYSLzu-00194-00040086-00040190 they see the world
yoTlesYSLzu-00195-00040191-00040430 ultimately what the strengths are in how
yoTlesYSLzu-00196-00040431-00040610 we bring the strengths for the power of
yoTlesYSLzu-00197-00040611-00040817 one you know we I agree with John you
yoTlesYSLzu-00198-00040818-00041051 know I believe a team comes first
yoTlesYSLzu-00199-00041052-00041297 individual comes second and if you can
yoTlesYSLzu-00200-00041298-00041495 bring the best of each individual in a
yoTlesYSLzu-00201-00041496-00041723 concerted way where you create an
yoTlesYSLzu-00202-00041724-00041918 environment for debate and ultimately
yoTlesYSLzu-00203-00041919-00042164 for getting alignment and moving forward
yoTlesYSLzu-00204-00042165-00042428 with execution that's where the is all
yoTlesYSLzu-00205-00042429-00042629 about leadership so I hand-picked other
yoTlesYSLzu-00206-00042630-00042785 people because each of them had a unique
yoTlesYSLzu-00207-00042786-00042971 quality whether it's you know being very
yoTlesYSLzu-00208-00042972-00043163 Saul centric in the way you deliver the
yoTlesYSLzu-00209-00043164-00043334 value proposition or very technology
yoTlesYSLzu-00210-00043335-00043658 centric or very you know services
yoTlesYSLzu-00211-00043659-00043865 oriented so we we have picked those
yoTlesYSLzu-00212-00043866-00044162 people for a reason and and it is not
yoTlesYSLzu-00213-00044163-00044441 easy to manage a very opinionated team
yoTlesYSLzu-00214-00044442-00044720 but once you can get them aligned is
yoTlesYSLzu-00215-00044721-00044903 actually incredible fun to watch you
yoTlesYSLzu-00216-00044904-00045068 know I would make one tweak to watch you
yoTlesYSLzu-00217-00045069-00045317 just has to question on I had a chance
yoTlesYSLzu-00218-00045318-00045572 to watch his team for the first time in
yoTlesYSLzu-00219-00045573-00045766 our garage started with my house and
yoTlesYSLzu-00220-00045767-00046004 they are very diverse with different
yoTlesYSLzu-00221-00046005-00046142 opinions they are very comfortable
yoTlesYSLzu-00222-00046143-00046307 disagreeing with each other but they
yoTlesYSLzu-00223-00046308-00046535 have a common set of values and a common
yoTlesYSLzu-00224-00046536-00046676 end goal I'm not sure the Lincoln
yoTlesYSLzu-00225-00046677-00046943 Cabinet had that and that's so important
yoTlesYSLzu-00226-00046944-00047105 to realize because what what we were
yoTlesYSLzu-00227-00047106-00047252 about to do together and what each of us
yoTlesYSLzu-00228-00047253-00047516 are trying to do in our own endeavors is
yoTlesYSLzu-00229-00047517-00047705 so important than having a team that has
yoTlesYSLzu-00230-00047706-00047849 that type of culture and the ability to
yoTlesYSLzu-00231-00047850-00048017 move forever right the other team that
yoTlesYSLzu-00232-00048018-00048203 mentioned that kept coming up throughout
yoTlesYSLzu-00233-00048204-00048407 the day was the team that you're working
yoTlesYSLzu-00234-00048408-00048593 with on pensando and how this team has
yoTlesYSLzu-00235-00048594-00048818 been together for think he said the new
yoTlesYSLzu-00236-00048819-00049067 20 right 25 plus years yes and have
yoTlesYSLzu-00237-00049068-00049262 built multiple projects multiple
yoTlesYSLzu-00238-00049263-00049475 products over many many years and now
yoTlesYSLzu-00239-00049476-00049652 have this cohesion as you keep saying
yoTlesYSLzu-00240-00049653-00049775 they can they can finish their own
yoTlesYSLzu-00241-00049776-00050075 sentences you know a really really
yoTlesYSLzu-00242-00050076-00050290 specific approach to get this group
yoTlesYSLzu-00243-00050291-00050498 together that you know it's not going to
yoTlesYSLzu-00244-00050499-00050729 be strategy it's gonna be delivery it is
yoTlesYSLzu-00245-00050730-00051017 gonna be the combination if I may and it
yoTlesYSLzu-00246-00051018-00051197 is very unique that a team works
yoTlesYSLzu-00247-00051198-00051524 together for over 25 years it's a team
yoTlesYSLzu-00248-00051525-00051683 that is a family and we are about
yoTlesYSLzu-00249-00051684-00051865 diverse as it gets and our our
yoTlesYSLzu-00250-00051866-00052154 backgrounds our accents our countries
yoTlesYSLzu-00251-00052154-00052400 that our families came from but it's a
yoTlesYSLzu-00252-00052401-00052682 team that competes purely on getting
yoTlesYSLzu-00253-00052683-00052930 market transitions right that is always
yoTlesYSLzu-00254-00052932-00053099 driven by our customers and what we need
yoTlesYSLzu-00255-00053100-00053234 to do and build and put them always
yoTlesYSLzu-00256-00053235-00053441 first and everything we do and then as
yoTlesYSLzu-00257-00053441-00053570 fearless we outline
yoTlesYSLzu-00258-00053571-00053774 Dasia skulls that being number one and
yoTlesYSLzu-00259-00053775-00054041 everything we do and out of the eight
yoTlesYSLzu-00260-00054041-00054278 products that we built together we are
yoTlesYSLzu-00261-00054279-00054491 number one in all eight all of them with
yoTlesYSLzu-00262-00054491-00054641 over fifty percent market share and
yoTlesYSLzu-00263-00054641-00054872 there was no number two and so the
yoTlesYSLzu-00264-00054873-00055162 ability to execute with that type of
yoTlesYSLzu-00265-00055163-00055433 precision customer driven and the
yoTlesYSLzu-00266-00055434-00055601 courage to do it and understand what we
yoTlesYSLzu-00267-00055602-00055778 know when we don't know coming together
yoTlesYSLzu-00268-00055779-00055928 one more time I mean it's really
yoTlesYSLzu-00269-00055929-00056104 exciting it will be a new definition of
yoTlesYSLzu-00270-00056105-00056339 20-somethings in the startup right so
yoTlesYSLzu-00271-00056340-00056504 I'll give you the last word Antonio as
yoTlesYSLzu-00272-00056504-00056636 you looked at John's chart with those
yoTlesYSLzu-00273-00056637-00056905 ten year those ten-year blocks in the
yoTlesYSLzu-00274-00056907-00057095 garage has been around out there for a
yoTlesYSLzu-00275-00057096-00057620 long time you're still hearing and still
yoTlesYSLzu-00276-00057621-00057761 doing a great job and still winning so
yoTlesYSLzu-00277-00057762-00057962 as you look at that from your current
yoTlesYSLzu-00278-00057963-00058190 position of CEO you know kind of what
yoTlesYSLzu-00279-00058191-00058325 goes through your head how are you
yoTlesYSLzu-00280-00058326-00058526 making sure you're you're keeping ahead
yoTlesYSLzu-00281-00058527-00058703 how are you avoiding you know the
yoTlesYSLzu-00282-00058704-00058835 Clayton Christensen innovators dilemma
yoTlesYSLzu-00283-00058836-00059048 to to make sure you're killing your own
yoTlesYSLzu-00284-00059049-00059225 business before somebody else kills you
yoTlesYSLzu-00285-00059226-00059354 know kind of the old stuff and making
yoTlesYSLzu-00286-00059354-00059554 sure you're out in front when I became a
yoTlesYSLzu-00287-00059555-00059888 CEO in the transition from AG to me I
yoTlesYSLzu-00288-00059889-00060062 established three key priorities for
yoTlesYSLzu-00289-00060063-00060335 myself one is our customers and partners
yoTlesYSLzu-00290-00060336-00060529 keep them at the center of everything we
yoTlesYSLzu-00291-00060530-00060845 do that's one of our core values
yoTlesYSLzu-00292-00060846-00061013 second is innovation innovation
yoTlesYSLzu-00293-00061014-00061232 innovation innovation from a customer
yoTlesYSLzu-00294-00061233-00061475 driven approach and third is the culture
yoTlesYSLzu-00295-00061476-00061676 of the company and what a great example
yoTlesYSLzu-00296-00061677-00061901 here with John you know living an iconic
yoTlesYSLzu-00297-00061902-00062189 company for decades and so to me I have
yoTlesYSLzu-00298-00062190-00062317 been working very aggressive on the
yoTlesYSLzu-00299-00062319-00062585 three of those aspects and I'm very
yoTlesYSLzu-00300-00062586-00062711 pleased with the progress we have made
yoTlesYSLzu-00301-00062712-00062972 but now it's about writing the next
yoTlesYSLzu-00302-00062973-00063227 chapter of this company and in order to
yoTlesYSLzu-00303-00063228-00063449 write the next chapter company you need
yoTlesYSLzu-00304-00063450-00063677 to have a strong alignment at the top
yoTlesYSLzu-00305-00063678-00063887 all the way down what I call ropes to
yoTlesYSLzu-00306-00063888-00064160 the ground so fun enough John is gonna
yoTlesYSLzu-00307-00064161-00064382 be my event here in a couple of weeks
yoTlesYSLzu-00308-00064383-00064538 we'll bring the leadership team the top
yoTlesYSLzu-00309-00064539-00064763 400 leaders talking about high disrupt
yoTlesYSLzu-00310-00064764-00064985 yourself and how you pivot the company
yoTlesYSLzu-00311-00064986-00065159 into the future in the future as I said
yoTlesYSLzu-00312-00065160-00065378 is we see an enterprise that's edge
yoTlesYSLzu-00313-00065379-00065546 centering cloud enabling data-driven
yoTlesYSLzu-00314-00065547-00065810 delivered as a service so we are going
yoTlesYSLzu-00315-00065811-00066056 to be the as a service company with an
yoTlesYSLzu-00316-00066057-00066242 h2 cloud platform that accellerate
yoTlesYSLzu-00317-00066243-00066434 business a scope from the data and the
yoTlesYSLzu-00318-00066435-00066822 combination of pensando technologies and
yoTlesYSLzu-00319-00066823-00067085 capabilities with our vision and our own
yoTlesYSLzu-00320-00067086-00067347 intellectual property we think we can
yoTlesYSLzu-00321-00067348-00067524 deliver those unique experience for our
yoTlesYSLzu-00322-00067525-00067803 customers in a more agile cost-effective
yoTlesYSLzu-00323-00067804-00068049 way and democratize the cloud as Jean
yoTlesYSLzu-00324-00068050-00068298 say for the for the world so I'm
yoTlesYSLzu-00325-00068299-00068550 incredible excited about doing this and
yoTlesYSLzu-00326-00068551-00068790 who thought that John Chambers and and
yoTlesYSLzu-00327-00068791-00069099 antonioni will be here you know and the
yoTlesYSLzu-00328-00069100-00069318 reality is it takes leadership so I
yoTlesYSLzu-00329-00069319-00069567 value leadership at value trust and this
yoTlesYSLzu-00330-00069568-00069747 partnership is built on trust
yoTlesYSLzu-00331-00069748-00069930 and we both have the same values I
yoTlesYSLzu-00332-00069931-00070119 appreciate you taking the time I mean
yoTlesYSLzu-00333-00070120-00070240 we're gonna talk about the products a
yoTlesYSLzu-00334-00070241-00070401 little bit later we've got some of the
yoTlesYSLzu-00335-00070402-00070540 deeper product people but you know I
yoTlesYSLzu-00336-00070541-00070647 think the leadership thing is so
yoTlesYSLzu-00337-00070648-00070806 important I think it's harder I think
yoTlesYSLzu-00338-00070807-00070978 it's it's it's it's hard to be a great
yoTlesYSLzu-00339-00070979-00071100 leader it's hard to lead through
yoTlesYSLzu-00340-00071101-00071422 transfers transitions and and the pace
yoTlesYSLzu-00341-00071423-00071590 of change is only accelerating so the
yoTlesYSLzu-00342-00071591-00071797 challenges is only going to increase but
yoTlesYSLzu-00343-00071798-00071959 I think communication and Trust is such
yoTlesYSLzu-00344-00071960-00072198 a big piece I saw day Patrick speak many
yoTlesYSLzu-00345-00072199-00072453 many times and he's very very good and I
yoTlesYSLzu-00346-00072454-00072591 asked him because we had a thing at
yoTlesYSLzu-00347-00072592-00072774 school I said Dave why are you so good
yoTlesYSLzu-00348-00072775-00073021 and he said very simple as a CEO my job
yoTlesYSLzu-00349-00073022-00073147 is to communicate I have three
yoTlesYSLzu-00350-00073148-00073368 constituents I have my customers I have
yoTlesYSLzu-00351-00073369-00073707 the street and I have my employees and
yoTlesYSLzu-00352-00073708-00073965 so I treated it as a skill I practice I
yoTlesYSLzu-00353-00073966-00074190 got a coach and and I treat it like any
yoTlesYSLzu-00354-00074191-00074394 other skill and and it's so hard and so
yoTlesYSLzu-00355-00074395-00074577 important to provide that leadership
yoTlesYSLzu-00356-00074578-00074772 provide that direction so everybody can
yoTlesYSLzu-00357-00074773-00075009 pull the rope in the same direction so
yoTlesYSLzu-00358-00075010-00075213 nothing but the best of both of you and
yoTlesYSLzu-00359-00075214-00075375 thanks for taking a few minutes thank
yoTlesYSLzu-00360-00075376-00075642 you a lot of time all right he's a
yoTlesYSLzu-00361-00075643-00075784 Antonio he's John I'm Jeff you're
yoTlesYSLzu-00362-00075785-00075948 watching the cube from the top of
yoTlesYSLzu-00363-00075949-00076116 goldman sachs in manhattan thanks for
yoTlesYSLzu-00364-00076117-00076404 watching we'll see you next time
y1N_XekZ-0y-00000-00000048-00000305 the Vienna bio Center is a cluster of
y1N_XekZ-0y-00001-00000306-00000523 life science research institutes and
y1N_XekZ-0y-00002-00000524-00000763 biotechnology companies located in the
y1N_XekZ-0y-00003-00000764-00000956 third municipal district of Vienna
y1N_XekZ-0y-00004-00000957-00001031 Austria
y1N_XekZ-0y-00005-00001032-00001328 it grew around the research institute of
y1N_XekZ-0y-00006-00001329-00001577 molecular pathology M which opened in
y1N_XekZ-0y-00007-00001578-00001928 1988 the entities at the Vienna bio
y1N_XekZ-0y-00008-00001929-00002249 center employ more than 1,700 people
y1N_XekZ-0y-00009-00002250-00002972 including 600 students
y1N_XekZ-0y-00010-00002973-00003506 topic structure
y1N_XekZ-0y-00011-00003507-00003863 as of 2017 the Vienna bio Center is an
y1N_XekZ-0y-00012-00003864-00004094 association of for research institutes
y1N_XekZ-0y-00013-00004095-00004346 18 biotech companies to outreach
y1N_XekZ-0y-00014-00004347-00004574 organizations three service companies
y1N_XekZ-0y-00015-00004575-00004829 and a business incubator the four basic
y1N_XekZ-0y-00016-00004830-00005003 research institutes are the research
y1N_XekZ-0y-00017-00005004-00005261 institute of molecular pathology in the
y1N_XekZ-0y-00018-00005262-00005558 max f Perutz laboratories MFP L of
y1N_XekZ-0y-00019-00005559-00005759 University of Vienna and Medical
y1N_XekZ-0y-00020-00005760-00005981 University of Vienna the Institute of
y1N_XekZ-0y-00021-00005982-00006284 molecular biotechnology imba of the
y1N_XekZ-0y-00022-00006285-00006542 Austrian Academy of Sciences oh wow and
y1N_XekZ-0y-00023-00006543-00006770 the Gregor Mendel Institute of molecular
y1N_XekZ-0y-00024-00006770-00007090 plant biology GMI also of the OAO
y1N_XekZ-0y-00025-00007091-00007376 these Institute's maintain a joint
y1N_XekZ-0y-00026-00007377-00007751 international PhD program the Vienna bio
y1N_XekZ-0y-00027-00007752-00008144 Center core facilities vbc F offers
y1N_XekZ-0y-00028-00008145-00008402 Central Services largely scientific but
y1N_XekZ-0y-00029-00008403-00009146 also including a child care center
y1N_XekZ-0y-00030-00009147-00009676 topic Awards
y1N_XekZ-0y-00031-00009677-00009946 Kim Naismith emeritus director of the
y1N_XekZ-0y-00032-00009947-00010135 Institute of molecular pathology
y1N_XekZ-0y-00033-00010136-00010333 currently at the University of Oxford
y1N_XekZ-0y-00034-00010334-00010651 received the 2018 breakthrough prize in
y1N_XekZ-0y-00035-00010652-00010896 life sciences for his work on chromosome
y1N_XekZ-0y-00036-00010897-00011349 segregation as of May 2017 scientists of
y1N_XekZ-0y-00037-00011350-00011553 the Vienna BioCenter Institute's have
y1N_XekZ-0y-00038-00011554-00011827 been awarded over 40 ERC grants and
y1N_XekZ-0y-00039-00011828-00012192 seven Wittgenstein Awards
y2aV3flKpLU-00000-00000000-00000161 it's made it on the rise what do you
y2aV3flKpLU-00001-00000162-00000371 think about that I think the
y2aV3flKpLU-00002-00000372-00000563 normalization of this anti-israeli
y2aV3flKpLU-00003-00000564-00000749 rhetoric that is actually demonizing the
y2aV3flKpLU-00004-00000750-00001025 Jewish people has caused anti-semitism
y2aV3flKpLU-00005-00001026-00001258 to rise you know when when it's
y2aV3flKpLU-00006-00001259-00001450 normalized that you can say whatever you
y2aV3flKpLU-00007-00001451-00001648 want about the Jewish state and you
y2aV3flKpLU-00008-00001650-00001748 could say they don't have the right to
y2aV3flKpLU-00009-00001748-00002026 exist then that's encouraging and
y2aV3flKpLU-00010-00002027-00002231 enabling people to be anti-semitic
y2aV3flKpLU-00011-00002232-00002476 openly we also talked about and the
y2aV3flKpLU-00012-00002477-00002696 media's movement which a lot of people
y2aV3flKpLU-00013-00002697-00003133 don't realize that what is going on in
y2aV3flKpLU-00014-00003134-00003340 Israel there are companies like
y2aV3flKpLU-00015-00003340-00003760 SodaStream and who had a lot of
y2aV3flKpLU-00016-00003761-00004036 Palestinians it isn't just in Israel
y2aV3flKpLU-00017-00004037-00004310 people that work for Israeli companies
y2aV3flKpLU-00018-00004311-00004579 are not just Israel Israelis
y2aV3flKpLU-00019-00004580-00004850 there are also Palestinians and when you
y2aV3flKpLU-00020-00004851-00005145 do this to a company say like SodaStream
y2aV3flKpLU-00021-00005146-00005615 which there was a lot of BDS problems
y2aV3flKpLU-00022-00005616-00005945 you know in rhetoric and and well as the
y2aV3flKpLU-00023-00005946-00006211 company closed all the Palestinians that
y2aV3flKpLU-00024-00006212-00006439 work for this company also lost their
y2aV3flKpLU-00025-00006440-00006781 jobs and their jobs and and one thing I
y2aV3flKpLU-00026-00006783-00007016 have to make clear that the Palestinians
y2aV3flKpLU-00027-00007017-00007295 that work for Israeli companies make the
y2aV3flKpLU-00028-00007295-00007628 same amount of money as a pal as an
y2aV3flKpLU-00029-00007629-00007919 Israeli in that particular field you
y2aV3flKpLU-00030-00007920-00008069 know whatever they're working on
y2aV3flKpLU-00031-00008070-00008255 they don't do not discriminate they
y2aV3flKpLU-00032-00008256-00008474 don't pay the Palestinian half of what
y2aV3flKpLU-00033-00008475-00008681 the Israeli gets they all get the same
y2aV3flKpLU-00034-00008682-00008935 amount of money and when you hurt the
y2aV3flKpLU-00035-00008936-00009149 company you're hurting not only the
y2aV3flKpLU-00036-00009150-00009389 Israeli that works for the company but
y2aV3flKpLU-00037-00009390-00009635 the Palestinian as well and he has to
y2aV3flKpLU-00038-00009636-00009889 take home a paycheck he has to pay his
y2aV3flKpLU-00039-00009890-00010295 rent and his first children and clothes
y2aV3flKpLU-00040-00010296-00010469 for the family they got to feed their
y2aV3flKpLU-00041-00010470-00010835 family and I and I said that these are
y2aV3flKpLU-00042-00010836-00011089 trained the Palestinians that are at
y2aV3flKpLU-00043-00011090-00011399 your colleges that what's happening to
y2aV3flKpLU-00044-00011400-00011627 the Palestinians there they need to
y2aV3flKpLU-00045-00011628-00011819 speak out for them because a lot of
y2aV3flKpLU-00046-00011820-00012088 their families to live there even though
y2aV3flKpLU-00047-00012089-00012227 they may be part of the United States
y2aV3flKpLU-00048-00012228-00012448 and they go to University of Illinois
y2aV3flKpLU-00049-00012449-00012692 northwestern and other schools they
y2aV3flKpLU-00050-00012693-00012935 they're they have family that still
y2aV3flKpLU-00051-00012936-00013151 works for Israeli companies and when
y2aV3flKpLU-00052-00013152-00013175 they
y2aV3flKpLU-00053-00013176-00013463 students all you know protests against
y2aV3flKpLU-00054-00013463-00013661 you know as you know they do the
y2aV3flKpLU-00055-00013662-00013930 sanctions and investment you know and
y2aV3flKpLU-00056-00013931-00014188 against these people they are really
y2aV3flKpLU-00057-00014190-00014464 hurting their families and I think this
y2aV3flKpLU-00058-00014465-00014675 needs to be talked about and and I think
y2aV3flKpLU-00059-00014676-00014875 I mentioned earlier you need to get some
y2aV3flKpLU-00060-00014876-00015100 Palestinians working with the BDS
y2aV3flKpLU-00061-00015101-00015332 movement with the Israeli students there
y2aV3flKpLU-00062-00015333-00015608 to show other people that this is not
y2aV3flKpLU-00063-00015609-00015841 the right way to go yeah and I think you
y2aV3flKpLU-00064-00015843-00015965 actually bring up a great point that I
y2aV3flKpLU-00065-00015966-00016186 want to mention is the fact that this
y2aV3flKpLU-00066-00016187-00016381 actually really shows the true purpose
y2aV3flKpLU-00067-00016382-00016531 of the BDS movement the true purpose of
y2aV3flKpLU-00068-00016532-00016805 the BDS movement is not as its tried to
y2aV3flKpLU-00069-00016806-00017072 be described or advertised as helping
y2aV3flKpLU-00070-00017073-00017203 the Palestinian people
y2aV3flKpLU-00071-00017204-00017465 that's another front the true purpose of
y2aV3flKpLU-00072-00017466-00017678 the BDS movement is to alienate Jewish
y2aV3flKpLU-00073-00017679-00017806 students on campus and try to silence
y2aV3flKpLU-00074-00017807-00018113 their voices I say so but if you've got
y2aV3flKpLU-00075-00018114-00018328 some Palestinians working with the
y2aV3flKpLU-00076-00018329-00018553 Israeli students they'll he'll hear a
y2aV3flKpLU-00077-00018554-00018767 different voice they need to hear a
y2aV3flKpLU-00078-00018768-00018955 different voice well one thing we always
y2aV3flKpLU-00079-00018956-00019196 try to do on campus and especially with
y2aV3flKpLU-00080-00019197-00019394 a lot of Public Affairs Committee is we
y2aV3flKpLU-00081-00019395-00019625 show people the truth about what's
y2aV3flKpLU-00082-00019626-00019790 actually happening meets with these
y2aV3flKpLU-00083-00019791-00020012 movements and so when we had a BDS
y2aV3flKpLU-00084-00020013-00020300 campaign on our campus last semester or
y2aV3flKpLU-00085-00020301-00020453 one of the ways we went about defeating
y2aV3flKpLU-00086-00020454-00020711 it was doing a lot of education about
y2aV3flKpLU-00087-00020712-00020978 the student body about the true efforts
y2aV3flKpLU-00088-00020979-00021208 of BDS and that divestment is meant to
y2aV3flKpLU-00089-00021209-00021443 cause division and that divestment is
y2aV3flKpLU-00090-00021444-00021634 not actually human rights campaign but
y2aV3flKpLU-00091-00021635-00021797 actually something that's meant to
y2aV3flKpLU-00092-00021798-00021980 further marginalize the Jewish community
y2aV3flKpLU-00093-00021981-00022250 and through the education we found our
y2aV3flKpLU-00094-00022251-00022403 message very effective and we were able
y2aV3flKpLU-00095-00022404-00022705 to end up winning the vote the vote was
y2aV3flKpLU-00096-00022706-00023008 the most voted on item in 150 years of
y2aV3flKpLU-00097-00023009-00023203 the University of Illinois history and
y2aV3flKpLU-00098-00023204-00023425 we were able to get such a large turnout
y2aV3flKpLU-00099-00023426-00023630 because we were able to educate people
y2aV3flKpLU-00100-00023631-00023878 that they were being fooled by the BDS
y2aV3flKpLU-00101-00023879-00024055 movement and then this is not the way to
y2aV3flKpLU-00102-00024056-00024322 peace and if they truly believe and
y2aV3flKpLU-00103-00024323-00024559 bring people together and bringing our
y2aV3flKpLU-00104-00024560-00024797 campus community together need to be
y2aV3flKpLU-00105-00024798-00025036 voting no and we were successful in that
y2aV3flKpLU-00106-00025037-00025081 effort
y2aV3flKpLU-00107-00025082-00025352 that's wonderful how do you get how do
y2aV3flKpLU-00108-00025353-00025537 you do that how do you get finally get
y2aV3flKpLU-00109-00025538-00025789 people to listen to you you know because
y2aV3flKpLU-00110-00025791-00026036 yeah they hear the opposite rhetoric all
y2aV3flKpLU-00111-00026037-00026282 the time how do you get them to hear
y2aV3flKpLU-00112-00026283-00026383 what you have to say
y2aV3flKpLU-00113-00026385-00026648 either one of you well one thing that's
y2aV3flKpLU-00114-00026649-00026845 we found very effective is telling
y2aV3flKpLU-00115-00026847-00027035 personal stories so like you touched on
y2aV3flKpLU-00116-00027036-00027305 with the fact that with SodaStream that
y2aV3flKpLU-00117-00027306-00027458 it was one example of a company that was
y2aV3flKpLU-00118-00027458-00027713 targeted by BDS and so telling personal
y2aV3flKpLU-00119-00027714-00027923 stories of Palestines who suffered under
y2aV3flKpLU-00120-00027924-00028208 B D Isis one way to do so but in general
y2aV3flKpLU-00121-00028208-00028376 on campus when we're advocating for
y2aV3flKpLU-00122-00028377-00028570 Israel and for the u.s. s relationship
y2aV3flKpLU-00123-00028572-00028829 we talk about personal stories and how
y2aV3flKpLU-00124-00028830-00029156 people's own lives are proved by Israel
y2aV3flKpLU-00125-00029157-00029320 and our relationship with Israel and
y2aV3flKpLU-00126-00029322-00029527 that's really the best way to get into
y2aV3flKpLU-00127-00029529-00029738 students heads and I think when you
y2aV3flKpLU-00128-00029739-00029882 really are able to make those personal
y2aV3flKpLU-00129-00029883-00030076 relationships people will open up and
y2aV3flKpLU-00130-00030077-00030299 even though the media will like to say
y2aV3flKpLU-00131-00030300-00030632 one thing if they know you and they you
y2aV3flKpLU-00132-00030633-00030779 tell them that this is really important
y2aV3flKpLU-00133-00030780-00031010 issue to you they'll be more receptive
y2aV3flKpLU-00134-00031011-00031232 to those probable messages how do you
y2aV3flKpLU-00135-00031233-00031535 just think that I you know we're doing a
y2aV3flKpLU-00136-00031536-00031756 show this is our you know Highland Park
y2aV3flKpLU-00137-00031757-00032101 access show and I'm very proud to be
y2aV3flKpLU-00138-00032102-00032456 part of this group because we were able
y2aV3flKpLU-00139-00032457-00032785 to get our messages out and a lot of the
y2aV3flKpLU-00140-00032786-00033125 the mainstream media is not doing that
y2aV3flKpLU-00141-00033126-00033359 for you guys why is that
y2aV3flKpLU-00142-00033360-00033770 why can't you know like CNN and and all
y2aV3flKpLU-00143-00033771-00034127 these MSNBC and Fox News why are they
y2aV3flKpLU-00144-00034128-00034415 not getting stand wassup with us why
y2aV3flKpLU-00145-00034416-00034607 don't they get your movement out you
y2aV3flKpLU-00146-00034608-00034808 don't hear any of this on the mainstream
y2aV3flKpLU-00147-00034809-00035159 TV and what's what's happening or are
y2aV3flKpLU-00148-00035160-00035525 you not getting on the shows or what's
y2aV3flKpLU-00149-00035526-00035597 going on
y2aV3flKpLU-00150-00035598-00035819 maybe sure so stand with us actually has
y2aV3flKpLU-00151-00035820-00035942 really great connections with a lot of
y2aV3flKpLU-00152-00035943-00036191 the mainstream media and working with
y2aV3flKpLU-00153-00036192-00036338 the media to get our message out our
y2aV3flKpLU-00154-00036339-00036563 message is really education is the most
y2aV3flKpLU-00155-00036564-00036800 important thing education is the route
y2aV3flKpLU-00156-00036801-00037061 to peace and by educating people about
y2aV3flKpLU-00157-00037062-00037280 what's truly happening on the ground we
y2aV3flKpLU-00158-00037281-00037466 can further the peace process you know
y2aV3flKpLU-00159-00037467-00037612 we were talking about earlier about how
y2aV3flKpLU-00160-00037613-00037946 it's very easy to paint it as to just
y2aV3flKpLU-00161-00037947-00038168 two sides but not think about it as
y2aV3flKpLU-00162-00038169-00038354 individuals the alon mentioned personal
y2aV3flKpLU-00163-00038355-00038543 stories right personal stories are
y2aV3flKpLU-00164-00038544-00038774 extremely important because it really
y2aV3flKpLU-00165-00038775-00039014 makes you seem like it's not an
y2aV3flKpLU-00166-00039015-00039380 us-versus-them right it's this is my
y2aV3flKpLU-00167-00039381-00039548 story this is why this is important to
y2aV3flKpLU-00168-00039549-00039743 me I'd like to show you why
y2aV3flKpLU-00169-00039744-00040088 while it is important to me so really
y2aV3flKpLU-00170-00040089-00040301 not showing it as like an us-versus-them
y2aV3flKpLU-00171-00040302-00040544 but showing it as this is a personal
y2aV3flKpLU-00172-00040545-00040730 thing that a lot of people go through I
y2aV3flKpLU-00173-00040731-00040919 think is very important and you need to
y2aV3flKpLU-00174-00040920-00041195 get yourself out there because it's free
y2aV3flKpLU-00175-00041196-00041405 you guys are out there but not of people
y2aV3flKpLU-00176-00041406-00041651 don't know about you and I think it's
y2aV3flKpLU-00177-00041652-00041900 really important tell me how did you get
y2aV3flKpLU-00178-00041901-00042242 involved in in this movement and and the
y2aV3flKpLU-00179-00042243-00042650 in stand with us how did well start with
y2aV3flKpLU-00180-00042651-00042992 you oh good Yulin sure so I got involved
y2aV3flKpLU-00181-00042993-00043229 with the pros of community when I was
y2aV3flKpLU-00182-00043230-00043625 entering high school I was on several
y2aV3flKpLU-00183-00043626-00043889 trips to Israel and specifically I was
y2aV3flKpLU-00184-00043890-00044156 there in 2014 during the conflict with
y2aV3flKpLU-00185-00044157-00044384 Gaza during the summer and I was
y2aV3flKpLU-00186-00044385-00044753 realizing that I was no longer able to
y2aV3flKpLU-00187-00044754-00044939 be a passive observer to what was
y2aV3flKpLU-00188-00044940-00045146 happening there and that the Israeli
y2aV3flKpLU-00189-00045147-00045338 people are under a constant threat of
y2aV3flKpLU-00190-00045339-00045533 attack and that when I was going to go
y2aV3flKpLU-00191-00045534-00045836 back to the US I could not sit silent
y2aV3flKpLU-00192-00045837-00046061 about it so I became involved in high
y2aV3flKpLU-00193-00046062-00046295 school and then going into college I
y2aV3flKpLU-00194-00046296-00046478 joined a lot of public affairs committee
y2aV3flKpLU-00195-00046479-00046715 and became involved there and now I'm
y2aV3flKpLU-00196-00046716-00046853 serving as co-president of the
y2aV3flKpLU-00197-00046854-00047194 organization so it's been a path through
y2aV3flKpLU-00198-00047195-00047440 education and training that I've been
y2aV3flKpLU-00199-00047441-00047771 here and my job now as co-president is
y2aV3flKpLU-00200-00047772-00048026 to raise up the new generation of young
y2aV3flKpLU-00201-00048027-00048320 pros or advocates and teach them how to
y2aV3flKpLU-00202-00048321-00048493 spread our masters to even more people
y2aV3flKpLU-00203-00048494-00048773 it's good very you should be very proud
y2aV3flKpLU-00204-00048774-00048994 of yourself thank you and you're a
y2aV3flKpLU-00205-00048995-00049265 junior yes I am you're going into your
y2aV3flKpLU-00206-00049266-00049478 junior year yes and so you have a lot of
y2aV3flKpLU-00207-00049479-00049718 work still junior year and senior year
y2aV3flKpLU-00208-00049719-00049955 there and the same thing with you 810
y2aV3flKpLU-00209-00049956-00050153 how did you get involved into the
y2aV3flKpLU-00210-00050154-00050357 movement so my story actually starts a
y2aV3flKpLU-00211-00050358-00050558 lot longer before I was born it starts
y2aV3flKpLU-00212-00050559-00050732 back in the 1960s in the former Soviet
y2aV3flKpLU-00213-00050733-00050959 Union so my parents were born in Ukraine
y2aV3flKpLU-00214-00050960-00051176 growing up Jewish there they weren't
y2aV3flKpLU-00215-00051177-00051374 religious but they were obviously they
y2aV3flKpLU-00216-00051375-00051575 were culturally Jewish and they were
y2aV3flKpLU-00217-00051576-00051752 constantly bullied by their peers and
y2aV3flKpLU-00218-00051753-00051955 they were constantly facing true
y2aV3flKpLU-00219-00051957-00052295 anti-semitism just for being Jewish they
y2aV3flKpLU-00220-00052296-00052472 moved from the Soviet Union to Israel
y2aV3flKpLU-00221-00052473-00052610 where I was born then they ended up
y2aV3flKpLU-00222-00052611-00052901 relocating to the United States and
y2aV3flKpLU-00223-00052902-00053060 having grown up here my whole life I
y2aV3flKpLU-00224-00053061-00053115 never thought
y2aV3flKpLU-00225-00053116-00053330 experience the same anti-semitism that
y2aV3flKpLU-00226-00053331-00053535 they they did you know I grew up in
y2aV3flKpLU-00227-00053536-00053723 Buffalo Grove a northwest suburb
y2aV3flKpLU-00228-00053724-00053981 surrounded by a pretty good Jewish
y2aV3flKpLU-00229-00053982-00054179 population so I never thought I would
y2aV3flKpLU-00230-00054180-00054344 actually experience true anti-semitism
y2aV3flKpLU-00231-00054345-00054563 and so I got to a college campus and
y2aV3flKpLU-00232-00054564-00054755 when I got to campus I realized that
y2aV3flKpLU-00233-00054756-00054956 anti-semitism was actually very alive
y2aV3flKpLU-00234-00054957-00055146 and very well through the anti-israel
y2aV3flKpLU-00235-00055147-00055787 movement it was really just the fact
y2aV3flKpLU-00236-00055788-00056057 that I I saw the activity of anti-israel
y2aV3flKpLU-00237-00056058-00056259 groups on campus it wasn't any one
y2aV3flKpLU-00238-00056260-00056499 particular incident instance it was just
y2aV3flKpLU-00239-00056500-00056747 that I never experienced anti-israel or
y2aV3flKpLU-00240-00056748-00057116 anti-semitism before and I do did when I
y2aV3flKpLU-00241-00057117-00057348 got to campus I got involved with Jewish
y2aV3flKpLU-00242-00057349-00057471 organizations with pro-israel
y2aV3flKpLU-00243-00057472-00057666 organizations and I tried to find as
y2aV3flKpLU-00244-00057666-00057881 many ways to help as I could that's very
y2aV3flKpLU-00245-00057882-00058166 smart so you know when you feel everyone
y2aV3flKpLU-00246-00058167-00058349 should know in fact I think we were
y2aV3flKpLU-00247-00058350-00058665 talking even earlier today we were
y2aV3flKpLU-00248-00058666-00058901 talking about that this should start and
y2aV3flKpLU-00249-00058902-00059178 in middle school I know there's some you
y2aV3flKpLU-00250-00059179-00059460 guys get on campuses you know to high
y2aV3flKpLU-00251-00059461-00059628 school campuses and you talk to high
y2aV3flKpLU-00252-00059629-00059894 school kids but you know being that
y2aV3flKpLU-00253-00059895-00060113 there's social meeting remember I come
y2aV3flKpLU-00254-00060114-00060407 from I come from Radio days actually
y2aV3flKpLU-00255-00060408-00060617 so that dates me that was before I
y2aV3flKpLU-00256-00060618-00060869 before television can you imagine that
y2aV3flKpLU-00257-00060870-00061215 we had a radio a little bakelite radio I
y2aV3flKpLU-00258-00061216-00061349 bet you don't even know what make a like
y2aV3flKpLU-00259-00061350-00061797 this first plastics that were bakelite
y2aV3flKpLU-00260-00061798-00062097 and so that was where I come from and so
y2aV3flKpLU-00261-00062098-00062312 people didn't hear about these things
y2aV3flKpLU-00262-00062313-00062523 only from the radio if you listen to
y2aV3flKpLU-00263-00062524-00062762 your radio the television was even there
y2aV3flKpLU-00264-00062763-00062966 came a little bit later of course we had
y2aV3flKpLU-00265-00062967-00063297 television but there's but you guys have
y2aV3flKpLU-00266-00063298-00063615 social media so you know the younger
y2aV3flKpLU-00267-00063616-00063962 people see things a lot earlier they get
y2aV3flKpLU-00268-00063963-00064221 it instantly you know it's you get it
y2aV3flKpLU-00269-00064222-00064437 immediately you know everything that's
y2aV3flKpLU-00270-00064438-00064815 going on so education should I believe
y2aV3flKpLU-00271-00064816-00065016 that it should be in middle school what
y2aV3flKpLU-00272-00065016-00065223 is your feelings about it or it would it
y2aV3flKpLU-00273-00065224-00065415 is I think starting to go into the
y2aV3flKpLU-00274-00065416-00065657 schools and talk about it so they so the
y2aV3flKpLU-00275-00065658-00065906 kids can be prepared before they go to
y2aV3flKpLU-00276-00065907-00066125 college that they may
y2aV3flKpLU-00277-00066126-00066329 encounter some of these things you don't
y2aV3flKpLU-00278-00066330-00066479 want them to get into cat you're like
y2aV3flKpLU-00279-00066480-00066590 you would happen to you
y2aV3flKpLU-00280-00066591-00066824 you went from Buffalo Grove High School
y2aV3flKpLU-00281-00066825-00067022 and you got on campus and there it was a
y2aV3flKpLU-00282-00067023-00067382 you know anti-israel slogans and
y2aV3flKpLU-00283-00067383-00067676 anti-semitism how do you work with kids
y2aV3flKpLU-00284-00067677-00067940 before they go to school well that's a
y2aV3flKpLU-00285-00067941-00068087 great point I think that it's really
y2aV3flKpLU-00286-00068088-00068345 important for us to be reaching people
y2aV3flKpLU-00287-00068346-00068525 it's young as possible and I think
y2aV3flKpLU-00288-00068526-00068693 that's something the pros movement is
y2aV3flKpLU-00289-00068694-00068954 embracing more and more but I think that
y2aV3flKpLU-00290-00068955-00069272 one way we have to grow is with new
y2aV3flKpLU-00291-00069273-00069470 media and as you mentioned young people
y2aV3flKpLU-00292-00069471-00069716 today are learning about the world
y2aV3flKpLU-00293-00069717-00069989 through new ways especially on the
y2aV3flKpLU-00294-00069990-00070184 Internet and through video and new media
y2aV3flKpLU-00295-00070185-00070343 content and that's something that we
y2aV3flKpLU-00296-00070344-00070529 really need get better at as a personal
y2aV3flKpLU-00297-00070530-00070733 movement and it's really the student
y2aV3flKpLU-00298-00070734-00070892 leader is on college campus it's like
y2aV3flKpLU-00299-00070893-00071102 myself an 8 on who are leading that
y2aV3flKpLU-00300-00071103-00071285 movement and we're able to engage people
y2aV3flKpLU-00301-00071286-00071507 on multiple social media platforms
y2aV3flKpLU-00302-00071508-00071714 through all kinds of media through video
y2aV3flKpLU-00303-00071715-00071930 for writing through other creative means
y2aV3flKpLU-00304-00071931-00072119 and that's really what we find is the
y2aV3flKpLU-00305-00072120-00072338 most effective way to reach people and
y2aV3flKpLU-00306-00072339-00072545 we're gonna be doing even more of that
y2aV3flKpLU-00307-00072546-00072719 in the upcoming semester and we have
y2aV3flKpLU-00308-00072720-00072839 some really great exciting things
y2aV3flKpLU-00309-00072840-00073109 planned this could and you and I think
y2aV3flKpLU-00310-00073110-00073256 as you as we mentioned we talked about
y2aV3flKpLU-00311-00073257-00073331 this at lunch too
y2aV3flKpLU-00312-00073332-00073571 his kids have more access to more
y2aV3flKpLU-00313-00073572-00073751 information and more rapidly right you
y2aV3flKpLU-00314-00073752-00073907 have a little 5 inch window that fits in
y2aV3flKpLU-00315-00073908-00074114 your pocket you can pull out and you can
y2aV3flKpLU-00316-00074115-00074309 find any information you want within
y2aV3flKpLU-00317-00074310-00074618 seconds and while social media may have
y2aV3flKpLU-00318-00074619-00074852 its detriments in a lot of ways and it
y2aV3flKpLU-00319-00074853-00075209 can often get things no like spread that
y2aV3flKpLU-00320-00075210-00075374 aren't necessarily the truest
y2aV3flKpLU-00321-00075375-00075590 information it also has a lot of power
y2aV3flKpLU-00322-00075591-00075767 because we can use it also to our
y2aV3flKpLU-00323-00075768-00076028 advantage we can use it to spread
y2aV3flKpLU-00324-00076029-00076295 messages of Education of peace so I
y2aV3flKpLU-00325-00076296-00076493 think it's kind of a almost a
y2aV3flKpLU-00326-00076494-00076889 double-edged sword exactly because I
y2aV3flKpLU-00327-00076890-00077126 think this is so important I know my own
y2aV3flKpLU-00328-00077127-00077453 grandson that lives in Texas I mean he
y2aV3flKpLU-00329-00077454-00077633 was getting he was completely
y2aV3flKpLU-00330-00077634-00077852 misinformed I didn't even know that how
y2aV3flKpLU-00331-00077853-00078101 much he knew until we started talking
y2aV3flKpLU-00332-00078102-00078293 because he was going to college and I
y2aV3flKpLU-00333-00078294-00078446 right away I wanted to prepare him in
y2aV3flKpLU-00334-00078447-00078689 case there was any kind of anti-semitism
y2aV3flKpLU-00335-00078690-00079097 and he already knew a lot more than I
y2aV3flKpLU-00336-00079098-00079251 thought he did and
y2aV3flKpLU-00337-00079252-00079788 the stuff was not correct and so and I
y2aV3flKpLU-00338-00079789-00079971 was kind of shocked by it because I
y2aV3flKpLU-00339-00079972-00080201 didn't think he even knew anything at
y2aV3flKpLU-00340-00080202-00080418 that point and and they're learning at a
y2aV3flKpLU-00341-00080419-00080651 very young age and I think it's very
y2aV3flKpLU-00342-00080652-00080928 important I'm so happy to have this
y2aV3flKpLU-00343-00080929-00081348 group with me today because you know the
y2aV3flKpLU-00344-00081349-00081591 word has to be spread stand with us is a
y2aV3flKpLU-00345-00081592-00081807 wonderful you're just a wonderful
y2aV3flKpLU-00346-00081808-00082053 movement and I want to thank both of you
y2aV3flKpLU-00347-00082054-00082296 ilan thank you thank you for being here
y2aV3flKpLU-00348-00082297-00082674 and a time sure having both of you here
y2aV3flKpLU-00349-00082675-00082971 today and explain to our viewers about
y2aV3flKpLU-00350-00082972-00083241 anti Israel is a new anti-semitism
y2aV3flKpLU-00351-00083242-00083426 because a lot of people don't realize
y2aV3flKpLU-00352-00083427-00083709 that anti Israel is also about
y2aV3flKpLU-00353-00083710-00084048 anti-semitism and it's something that
y2aV3flKpLU-00354-00084049-00084309 nobody talks about it's kind of hidden
y2aV3flKpLU-00355-00084310-00084687 and I thought that this was you know and
y2aV3flKpLU-00356-00084688-00084932 I you know this was a very good thing to
y2aV3flKpLU-00357-00084933-00085167 that our viewers need to know and I
y2aV3flKpLU-00358-00085168-00085419 highly recommend you guys got to get on
y2aV3flKpLU-00359-00085420-00085769 other networks besides myself my show
y2aV3flKpLU-00360-00085770-00086121 and just spread the word around because
y2aV3flKpLU-00361-00086122-00086343 I think it's so important that people
y2aV3flKpLU-00362-00086344-00086663 hear what you guys have to say thank you
y2aV3flKpLU-00363-00086664-00086979 very very very much
y5x_PEwSXm8-00000-00001037-00001704 more dilatant knows the way
y5x_PEwSXm8-00001-00001705-00002017 the spider fortress the sole engine and
y5x_PEwSXm8-00002-00002018-00002278 the form to their primary targets the
y5x_PEwSXm8-00003-00002279-00003502 servants of Illidan must succeed
y5x_PEwSXm8-00004-00003503-00004165 how can i aid you little one a fine task
y5x_PEwSXm8-00005-00004166-00004637 for the coil scar I am in agreement
y5x_PEwSXm8-00006-00004638-00004990 let us be done with this business a
y5x_PEwSXm8-00007-00004991-00005606 volcano is no place for Naga yes I'm on
y5x_PEwSXm8-00008-00005607-00006025 your side it's complicated for reasons
y5x_PEwSXm8-00009-00006026-00006278 let's do this again we will see it done
y5x_PEwSXm8-00010-00006279-00006529 I urge you to remember that the Black
y5x_PEwSXm8-00011-00006530-00006881 Temple is under attack time is of the
y5x_PEwSXm8-00012-00006881-00007187 essence gun sisters are former brethren
y5x_PEwSXm8-00013-00007188-00007748 away our tender mercies we survive
y5x_PEwSXm8-00014-00007750-00008577 bro hecht kurta it will be as you say
y5x_PEwSXm8-00015-00008578-00009246 Ashton with me
y5x_PEwSXm8-00016-00009247-00009666 my life is dedicated to destroy the
y5x_PEwSXm8-00017-00009667-00009914 and redrew
y5x_PEwSXm8-00018-00009915-00010166 do not give in to the power of the
y5x_PEwSXm8-00019-00010167-00010421 legion
y7rMA5tJZ44-00000-00000051-00000326 captain Amarinder Singh born the 11th of
y7rMA5tJZ44-00001-00000327-00000644 March 1942 is an Indian politician who
y7rMA5tJZ44-00002-00000645-00000874 is currently the 26th chief minister of
y7rMA5tJZ44-00003-00000875-00001111 Punjab an elected member of the
y7rMA5tJZ44-00004-00001112-00001345 Legislative Assembly from Patiala he was
y7rMA5tJZ44-00005-00001346-00001547 also the president of Punjab Pradesh
y7rMA5tJZ44-00006-00001548-00001754 Congress Committee the state division of
y7rMA5tJZ44-00007-00001755-00001913 the Indian National Congress
y7rMA5tJZ44-00008-00001914-00002156 he has also previously served as the
y7rMA5tJZ44-00009-00002157-00002432 chief minister of Punjab from 2002 to
y7rMA5tJZ44-00010-00002433-00002804 2007 his father was the last Maharaja of
y7rMA5tJZ44-00011-00002805-00003067 the princely state of Patiala he also
y7rMA5tJZ44-00012-00003068-00003376 served in the Indian army from 1963 to
y7rMA5tJZ44-00013-00003377-00003790 1966 in 1980 he won his seat in the Lok
y7rMA5tJZ44-00014-00003792-00004049 Sabha for the first time he currently
y7rMA5tJZ44-00015-00004050-00004220 also serves as the chairman of the
y7rMA5tJZ44-00016-00004221-00004861 Punjab r2 Academy
y7rMA5tJZ44-00017-00004862-00005225 topic personal life
y7rMA5tJZ44-00018-00005226-00005402 you
y7rMA5tJZ44-00019-00005403-00005633 Singh is the son of maharaja yaa
y7rMA5tJZ44-00020-00005634-00005828 Devendra Singh and Maharani Mohinder
y7rMA5tJZ44-00021-00005829-00006053 Korra Patiala belonging to the Fukien
y7rMA5tJZ44-00022-00006054-00006320 dynasty of Sidhu Brar descent he
y7rMA5tJZ44-00023-00006321-00006479 attended the Wellum boys school and
y7rMA5tJZ44-00024-00006480-00006673 Lawrence school's an hour before going
y7rMA5tJZ44-00025-00006675-00006973 to the Doon school Dehradun he has one
y7rMA5tJZ44-00026-00006975-00007217 son Wren endures sang and one daughter J
y7rMA5tJZ44-00027-00007218-00007412 endure Kaur who is married to a Delhi
y7rMA5tJZ44-00028-00007413-00007715 based businessman Kirpal Singh his wife
y7rMA5tJZ44-00029-00007716-00007945 prune 8-core served as an MP and was
y7rMA5tJZ44-00030-00007947-00008114 Minister of State in the Ministry of
y7rMA5tJZ44-00031-00008115-00008537 External Affairs from 2009 to 2014 his
y7rMA5tJZ44-00032-00008538-00008744 elder sister hemmond er core is married
y7rMA5tJZ44-00033-00008745-00008945 to former foreign minister K Natwar
y7rMA5tJZ44-00034-00008946-00009230 Singh he is also related to Shiromani
y7rMA5tJZ44-00035-00009231-00009515 Akali Dal a supremo and former IPS
y7rMA5tJZ44-00036-00009516-00009815 officer Simran jet Singh man man's wife
y7rMA5tJZ44-00037-00009816-00010027 and Amarinder Singh wife pronate Corps
y7rMA5tJZ44-00038-00010028-00010619 are sisters
y7rMA5tJZ44-00039-00010620-00011161 topic army career
y7rMA5tJZ44-00040-00011162-00011470 he joined the Indian army in June 1963
y7rMA5tJZ44-00041-00011471-00011674 after graduating from the National
y7rMA5tJZ44-00042-00011675-00011848 Defense Academy an Indian military
y7rMA5tJZ44-00043-00011849-00012183 academy before resigning in early 1965
y7rMA5tJZ44-00044-00012184-00012424 he rejoined the army again as
y7rMA5tJZ44-00045-00012425-00012622 hostilities broke out with Pakistan and
y7rMA5tJZ44-00046-00012623-00012855 served as captain in the 1965
y7rMA5tJZ44-00047-00012856-00013156 indo-pakistan war he served in the Sikh
y7rMA5tJZ44-00048-00013157-00013675 regiment
y7rMA5tJZ44-00049-00013676-00014041 topic political career
y7rMA5tJZ44-00050-00014043-00014238 you
y7rMA5tJZ44-00051-00014240-00014455 he was inducted into the Congress by
y7rMA5tJZ44-00052-00014456-00014655 Rajiv Gandhi who was his friend from
y7rMA5tJZ44-00053-00014656-00014847 school and was first elected to the Lok
y7rMA5tJZ44-00054-00014848-00015250 Sabha in 1980 in 1984 he resigned from
y7rMA5tJZ44-00055-00015251-00015417 Parliament and from Congress as a
y7rMA5tJZ44-00056-00015418-00015622 protest against the army action during
y7rMA5tJZ44-00057-00015622-00015933 Operation Blue Star subsequently he
y7rMA5tJZ44-00058-00015934-00016128 joined the Shiromani Akali Dal was
y7rMA5tJZ44-00059-00016129-00016321 elected to the state legislature from
y7rMA5tJZ44-00060-00016322-00016539 tell Wanda Sabo and became a minister in
y7rMA5tJZ44-00061-00016540-00016708 the state government for agriculture
y7rMA5tJZ44-00062-00016709-00017139 forest development in panchayat in 1992
y7rMA5tJZ44-00063-00017140-00017347 he broke away from the Akali Dal and
y7rMA5tJZ44-00064-00017348-00017550 formed a splinter group named Shiromani
y7rMA5tJZ44-00065-00017551-00017758 Akali Dal panthan which later merged
y7rMA5tJZ44-00066-00017759-00018028 with the Congress in 1998 after his
y7rMA5tJZ44-00067-00018029-00018199 party's crushing defeat in Vidhan Sabha
y7rMA5tJZ44-00068-00018200-00018405 election in which he himself was
y7rMA5tJZ44-00069-00018406-00018612 defeated from his own constituency where
y7rMA5tJZ44-00070-00018613-00018939 he got only 856 votes after Sonia Gandhi
y7rMA5tJZ44-00071-00018940-00019189 took over the reign of the party he was
y7rMA5tJZ44-00072-00019190-00019411 defeated by Professor Prem Singh Chanda
y7rMA5tJZ44-00073-00019412-00019711 Mitra from Patiala constituency in 1998
y7rMA5tJZ44-00074-00019712-00019956 by a-whooping margin of 33 thousand two
y7rMA5tJZ44-00075-00019957-00020233 hundred fifty one votes he served as the
y7rMA5tJZ44-00076-00020234-00020430 president of Punjab Pradesh Congress
y7rMA5tJZ44-00077-00020431-00020703 Committee on two occasions from 1999 to
y7rMA5tJZ44-00078-00020704-00021090 2002 and 2010 to 2013 he also became
y7rMA5tJZ44-00079-00021091-00021364 chief minister of Punjab in 2002 and
y7rMA5tJZ44-00080-00021365-00021817 continued until 2007 in September 2008 a
y7rMA5tJZ44-00081-00021818-00022005 special committee of Punjab Vidhan Sabha
y7rMA5tJZ44-00082-00022006-00022239 during the tenure of a government led by
y7rMA5tJZ44-00083-00022240-00022428 a Kali dal Bharatiya Janata Party
y7rMA5tJZ44-00084-00022429-00022590 expelled him on the count of
y7rMA5tJZ44-00085-00022591-00022774 regularities in the transfer of land
y7rMA5tJZ44-00086-00022775-00022959 related to the Amritsar Improvement
y7rMA5tJZ44-00087-00022960-00023296 Trust in 2010 the Supreme Court of India
y7rMA5tJZ44-00088-00023297-00023518 held his expulsion unconstitutional on
y7rMA5tJZ44-00089-00023519-00023690 the grounds that it was excessive and
y7rMA5tJZ44-00090-00023691-00023889 unconstitutional he was appointed as
y7rMA5tJZ44-00091-00023890-00024093 chairman of Punjab Congress campaign
y7rMA5tJZ44-00092-00024094-00024369 committee in 2008 captain Amarinder
y7rMA5tJZ44-00093-00024370-00024630 Singh is also a permanent invitee to the
y7rMA5tJZ44-00094-00024631-00024955 Congress Working Committee since 2013 he
y7rMA5tJZ44-00095-00024956-00025230 defeated senior BJP leader Arun Jaitley
y7rMA5tJZ44-00096-00025231-00025425 by a margin of more than 102
y7rMA5tJZ44-00097-00025426-00025746 oh-o-oh votes in 2014 general elections
y7rMA5tJZ44-00098-00025747-00025987 he has been a member of the Punjab
y7rMA5tJZ44-00099-00025988-00026230 Vidhan Sabha for five terms representing
y7rMA5tJZ44-00100-00026231-00026512 Patiala urban thrice Samana and tawanda
y7rMA5tJZ44-00101-00026513-00026881 Sabo once each on the 27th of November
y7rMA5tJZ44-00102-00026882-00027124 2015 Amarinder Singh was appointed
y7rMA5tJZ44-00103-00027125-00027310 president of Punjab Congress in the
y7rMA5tJZ44-00104-00027311-00027505 run-up to Punjab elections slated for
y7rMA5tJZ44-00105-00027506-00027637 2017
y7rMA5tJZ44-00106-00027638-00027985 on the 11th of March 2017 Congress party
y7rMA5tJZ44-00107-00027986-00028162 won the state assembly elections under
y7rMA5tJZ44-00108-00028163-00028480 his leadership amrinder Singh was sworn
y7rMA5tJZ44-00109-00028481-00028699 in as the 26th chief minister of Punjab
y7rMA5tJZ44-00110-00028700-00029041 on the 16th of March 2017 at Punjab Raj
y7rMA5tJZ44-00111-00029042-00029352 Bhavan Chandigarh the oath of office was
y7rMA5tJZ44-00112-00029354-00029610 administered by the Punjab Governor VP
y7rMA5tJZ44-00113-00029611-00030226 same bad nor
y7rMA5tJZ44-00114-00030227-00030511 topic president of all India jot
y7rMA5tJZ44-00115-00030512-00030964 Mahasabha
y7rMA5tJZ44-00116-00030964-00031207 capped Amarinder Singh as president of
y7rMA5tJZ44-00117-00031208-00031926 the jot mahasabha since 2013
y7rMA5tJZ44-00118-00031927-00032222 topic books
y7rMA5tJZ44-00119-00032223-00032425 you
y7rMA5tJZ44-00120-00032426-00032664 he has also written books on war and
y7rMA5tJZ44-00121-00032666-00032869 Sikh history which include a Ridge too
y7rMA5tJZ44-00122-00032870-00032920 far
y7rMA5tJZ44-00123-00032921-00033160 lest we forget the last sunset rise and
y7rMA5tJZ44-00124-00033161-00033358 fall of Lahore durbar and the Sikhs in
y7rMA5tJZ44-00125-00033359-00033709 Britain 150 years of photographs among
y7rMA5tJZ44-00126-00033710-00033889 his most recent works are honor and
y7rMA5tJZ44-00127-00033890-00034138 fidelity India's military contribution
y7rMA5tJZ44-00128-00034139-00034468 to the great war 1914 to 1918 released
y7rMA5tJZ44-00129-00034469-00034657 in Chandigarh on the 6th of December
y7rMA5tJZ44-00130-00034658-00034942 2014 and the monsoon war young officers
y7rMA5tJZ44-00131-00034943-00035266 reminisce 1965 india-pakistan war which
y7rMA5tJZ44-00132-00035267-00035509 contains his memoirs of the 1965
y7rMA5tJZ44-00133-00035510-00035779 indo-pak war
y8nsD8Ebq8U-00000-00000020-00000403 [Music]
y8nsD8Ebq8U-00001-00000404-00000999 good morning
y8nsD8Ebq8U-00002-00001000-00001997 [Music]
y8nsD8Ebq8U-00003-00001998-00002433 [Music]
y8nsD8Ebq8U-00004-00002434-00002945 [Applause]
y8nsD8Ebq8U-00005-00002946-00003095 thank you
y8nsD8Ebq8U-00006-00003096-00003329 foreign
y8nsD8Ebq8U-00007-00003331-00005283 [Music]
y8nsD8Ebq8U-00008-00005284-00007684 [Music]
y8nsD8Ebq8U-00010-00011953-00012793 [Music]
y8nsD8Ebq8U-00011-00012794-00013226 to do
y8nsD8Ebq8U-00012-00013227-00014503 [Music]
yqImapLGzS4-00000-00001208-00001408 except the riddle of purity from The
yqImapLGzS4-00001-00001409-00002275 Monkey King at 41:27 travel Southwest
yqImapLGzS4-00002-00002276-00002423 into the valley of the four winds to
yqImapLGzS4-00003-00002424-00002731 coordinates 63 26
yqImapLGzS4-00004-00002732-00003697 [Music]
yqImapLGzS4-00005-00003698-00005977 hello Jane
yqImapLGzS4-00006-00005978-00007139 [Music]
yqImapLGzS4-00007-00007140-00007371 defeat desecrater mouth and the
yqImapLGzS4-00008-00007372-00007558 desecrated water spirit looting the pure
yqImapLGzS4-00009-00007559-00009777 water core
yqImapLGzS4-00010-00009778-00009996 if you've already completed the three
yqImapLGzS4-00011-00009997-00010164 rail requests the monkey cane will
yqImapLGzS4-00012-00010165-00010581 appear next to you to turn in the quest
yqImapLGzS4-00013-00010582-00010810 otherwise travel northeast of the jade
yqImapLGzS4-00014-00010811-00011110 forest to coordinates 4127 to turn in
yqImapLGzS4-00015-00011111-00011164 the quest
yqImapLGzS4-00016-00011165-00012478 [Music]
yqImapLGzS4-00017-00012479-00015315 [Music]
yuZIhxapueU-00000-00000035-00001431 [Music]
yuZIhxapueU-00001-00001432-00001726 hello everyone welcome to msp lecture
yuZIhxapueU-00002-00001727-00001926 series on advanced transformative
yuZIhxapueU-00003-00001927-00002207 chemistry this is 19th lecture in the
yuZIhxapueU-00004-00002208-00002310 series
yuZIhxapueU-00005-00002311-00002534 in my previous lecture
yuZIhxapueU-00006-00002535-00002863 i discussed about the application of
yuZIhxapueU-00007-00002864-00003087 molecular orbital theory
yuZIhxapueU-00008-00003088-00003327 to main group elements with
yuZIhxapueU-00009-00003328-00003590 a couple of interesting molecules
yuZIhxapueU-00010-00003592-00003838 where there are controversies when you
yuZIhxapueU-00011-00003839-00003943 compare
yuZIhxapueU-00012-00003944-00004103 valence bond theory
yuZIhxapueU-00013-00004104-00004454 or vsepr theory now let us continue from
yuZIhxapueU-00014-00004455-00004670 where i had stopped now let us try to
yuZIhxapueU-00015-00004671-00004967 use molecular orbital theory or one can
yuZIhxapueU-00016-00004968-00005222 also call it as ligand field theory ah
yuZIhxapueU-00017-00005223-00005422 to explain bonding
yuZIhxapueU-00018-00005423-00005711 among coordination compounds
yuZIhxapueU-00019-00005712-00005975 so i have just shown a generic mo
yuZIhxapueU-00020-00005976-00006095 diagram
yuZIhxapueU-00021-00006096-00006391 that depicts bonding in case of metal
yuZIhxapueU-00022-00006392-00006742 complexes with ligands having two sigma
yuZIhxapueU-00023-00006743-00006942 bonding properties
yuZIhxapueU-00024-00006943-00007070 a typical
yuZIhxapueU-00025-00007072-00007327 mo diagram can be written in this
yuZIhxapueU-00026-00007328-00007478 fashion
yuZIhxapueU-00027-00007479-00007719 i am just overwriting on the diagram i
yuZIhxapueU-00028-00007720-00007974 have shown to make you familiar with
yuZIhxapueU-00029-00007975-00008246 drawing yourself mo diagrams for
yuZIhxapueU-00030-00008247-00008551 complexes for example in this case what
yuZIhxapueU-00031-00008552-00008751 we are considering for any given
yuZIhxapueU-00032-00008752-00008919 transition metal
yuZIhxapueU-00033-00008920-00009287 n d orbitals and n plus 1 s and n plus 1
yuZIhxapueU-00034-00009288-00009455 p orbitals are considered as valence
yuZIhxapueU-00035-00009456-00009742 orbitals and the intention is to utilize
yuZIhxapueU-00036-00009743-00009839 them
yuZIhxapueU-00037-00009840-00010095 for making bonds when the ligands are
yuZIhxapueU-00038-00010096-00010351 entering coordination sphere ah here of
yuZIhxapueU-00039-00010352-00010599 course to begin with we are considering
yuZIhxapueU-00040-00010600-00010783 atomic orbitals of
yuZIhxapueU-00041-00010784-00011246 metal here we are considering this five
yuZIhxapueU-00042-00011247-00011542 d orbitals and we are considering n plus
yuZIhxapueU-00043-00011543-00011791 one s orbital and then we are also
yuZIhxapueU-00044-00011792-00011959 considering n plus one
yuZIhxapueU-00045-00011960-00012223 three p orbital for which the mullikan
yuZIhxapueU-00046-00012224-00012431 symbol is t one u
yuZIhxapueU-00047-00012432-00012646 and here we are considering ligand group
yuZIhxapueU-00048-00012647-00012830 orbitals there are six ligand group
yuZIhxapueU-00049-00012831-00012999 orbitals are there and each one is
yuZIhxapueU-00050-00013000-00013247 coming with a pair of electrons so we
yuZIhxapueU-00051-00013247-00013551 have a total of 12 electrons that has to
yuZIhxapueU-00052-00013552-00013751 be accommodated let us not worry how
yuZIhxapueU-00053-00013752-00013999 many electrons we have in the d orbitals
yuZIhxapueU-00054-00014000-00014199 of transfer metals that is immaterial
yuZIhxapueU-00055-00014200-00014511 now so now if the 12 electrons are
yuZIhxapueU-00056-00014512-00014743 coming from
yuZIhxapueU-00057-00014744-00015119 six ligands as six space they will be
yuZIhxapueU-00058-00015119-00015966 put here
yuZIhxapueU-00059-00015968-00016286 so now you can see ah this is how this
yuZIhxapueU-00060-00016287-00016558 molecular orbital that have combined
yuZIhxapueU-00061-00016559-00016830 ligand orbitals along with two
yuZIhxapueU-00062-00016831-00017150 d orbitals that is in this case it is d
yuZIhxapueU-00063-00017151-00017367 x square minus y square and d z square
yuZIhxapueU-00064-00017368-00017503 to generate
yuZIhxapueU-00065-00017504-00017750 this many bonding molecular orbitals in
yuZIhxapueU-00066-00017751-00018039 which this six pair of electrons are
yuZIhxapueU-00067-00018040-00018294 accommodated if any electrons are left
yuZIhxapueU-00068-00018295-00018679 in t two g that is d x y d y z and d z x
yuZIhxapueU-00069-00018680-00018919 they remain nonbonding and they are
yuZIhxapueU-00070-00018920-00019230 placed here and now this gap
yuZIhxapueU-00071-00019231-00019558 what we have here here so this one
yuZIhxapueU-00072-00019559-00019894 so this is called delta o here
yuZIhxapueU-00073-00019895-00020143 and then from here onwards if you
yuZIhxapueU-00074-00020144-00020375 consider there are anti bonding
yuZIhxapueU-00075-00020376-00020599 properties they have their antibonding
yuZIhxapueU-00076-00020600-00020871 molecular orbitals e g star a one g star
yuZIhxapueU-00077-00020872-00021191 and t one nu star so this is how one can
yuZIhxapueU-00078-00021192-00021543 write a typical mo diagram for a metal
yuZIhxapueU-00079-00021544-00021975 complex with octahedral geometry
yuZIhxapueU-00080-00021976-00022271 of course this the same mo diagram what
yuZIhxapueU-00081-00022272-00022599 i showed is also good for ligands having
yuZIhxapueU-00082-00022600-00022975 only pure sigma donor properties so
yuZIhxapueU-00083-00022976-00023255 again i have shown here the same what i
yuZIhxapueU-00084-00023256-00023463 showed here except for the fact that i
yuZIhxapueU-00085-00023464-00023703 have also included the symmetry of the
yuZIhxapueU-00086-00023704-00023975 ligand group orbitals that so that you
yuZIhxapueU-00087-00023976-00024263 can match appropriately with appropriate
yuZIhxapueU-00088-00024264-00024478 metal orbitals to generate molecular
yuZIhxapueU-00089-00024479-00024750 orbitals a one g this a one g is coming
yuZIhxapueU-00090-00024751-00025014 here along with a one g is this one and
yuZIhxapueU-00091-00025015-00025263 then when you go for t one u so three
yuZIhxapueU-00092-00025264-00025503 orbitals coming here and three orbits
yuZIhxapueU-00093-00025504-00025718 are coming here and then
yuZIhxapueU-00094-00025719-00026046 t two g e g is there eg two elect two
yuZIhxapueU-00095-00026047-00026302 orbitals are coming here and then eg two
yuZIhxapueU-00096-00026304-00026431 orbits from
yuZIhxapueU-00097-00026432-00026670 this d group will be coming here and
yuZIhxapueU-00098-00026672-00026846 then this will remain
yuZIhxapueU-00099-00026847-00027335 and this is t two g
yuZIhxapueU-00100-00027336-00027574 so rest would be same once you know how
yuZIhxapueU-00101-00027575-00027814 to write this diagram you should be able
yuZIhxapueU-00102-00027816-00028055 to fill the electrons according to the
yuZIhxapueU-00103-00028056-00028231 number of electrons you have in a given
yuZIhxapueU-00104-00028232-00028390 metal complex
yuZIhxapueU-00105-00028391-00028511 so this
yuZIhxapueU-00106-00028512-00028751 molecular orbit diagram represents
yuZIhxapueU-00107-00028752-00028999 ligands having only pure sigma donor
yuZIhxapueU-00108-00029000-00029135 properties
yuZIhxapueU-00109-00029136-00029367 now let us look into ligands having both
yuZIhxapueU-00110-00029368-00029662 sigma donor and pi donor properties
yuZIhxapueU-00111-00029663-00029887 so in this case already told you in my
yuZIhxapueU-00112-00029888-00030055 previous lecture
yuZIhxapueU-00113-00030056-00030190 ligands have
yuZIhxapueU-00114-00030191-00030487 low energy field sigma orbitals and low
yuZIhxapueU-00115-00030488-00030670 energy field pi orbitals when they
yuZIhxapueU-00116-00030672-00030943 interact with metal atomic orbitals to
yuZIhxapueU-00117-00030944-00031239 generate molecular orbitals this gap
yuZIhxapueU-00118-00031239-00031646 between t2g and egr t2 and e
yuZIhxapueU-00119-00031647-00031911 shrinks this is what exactly happens in
yuZIhxapueU-00120-00031912-00032087 case of metal
yuZIhxapueU-00121-00032088-00032423 chlorides and fluorides
yuZIhxapueU-00122-00032424-00032679 ok so here relatively these compounds
yuZIhxapueU-00123-00032680-00032743 are
yuZIhxapueU-00124-00032744-00032974 less stable compared to
yuZIhxapueU-00125-00032975-00033239 pure sigma donor ligands
yuZIhxapueU-00126-00033240-00033479 then the other ligand group we are
yuZIhxapueU-00127-00033480-00033623 talking about
yuZIhxapueU-00128-00033624-00033902 is bonding with sigma donor and pi
yuZIhxapueU-00129-00033903-00034151 acceptor ligands such as carbon monoxide
yuZIhxapueU-00130-00034152-00034343 triphenylphosphine and hydrocyclic
yuZIhxapueU-00131-00034344-00034695 orbins and etcetera
yuZIhxapueU-00132-00034696-00034846 in this one
yuZIhxapueU-00133-00034847-00035255 here it is again metal valence orbitals
yuZIhxapueU-00134-00035256-00035646 n d n plus 1 s and n plus 1 p and here
yuZIhxapueU-00135-00035647-00035967 we have again ligand orbitals
yuZIhxapueU-00136-00035968-00036255 they are low energy field sigma orbitals
yuZIhxapueU-00137-00036256-00036583 and high energy empty pi orbitals so in
yuZIhxapueU-00138-00036584-00036879 this case you can see the magnitude of
yuZIhxapueU-00139-00036880-00037190 this separation has increased remarkably
yuZIhxapueU-00140-00037191-00037439 that explains why these complexes are
yuZIhxapueU-00141-00037440-00037687 very stable compared to other two class
yuZIhxapueU-00142-00037688-00037767 of
yuZIhxapueU-00143-00037768-00038046 ligands that i had described
yuZIhxapueU-00144-00038047-00038239 for comparison i have put all the three
yuZIhxapueU-00145-00038240-00038607 types of you know diagrams here you can
yuZIhxapueU-00146-00038608-00038839 clearly distinctly you can see the
yuZIhxapueU-00147-00038840-00038974 separation
yuZIhxapueU-00148-00038975-00039199 between these two and of course here in
yuZIhxapueU-00149-00039200-00039439 this case we also use the term homo and
yuZIhxapueU-00150-00039440-00039646 lumo this is highest occupied molecular
yuZIhxapueU-00151-00039647-00039887 orbital and this is lowest unoccupied
yuZIhxapueU-00152-00039888-00040071 molecular orbital between which
yuZIhxapueU-00153-00040072-00040255 electronic transition
yuZIhxapueU-00154-00040256-00040574 takes place
yuZIhxapueU-00155-00040575-00040702 once again
yuZIhxapueU-00156-00040703-00040918 six sigma donor
yuZIhxapueU-00157-00040919-00041215 ligands such as water or ammonia and
yuZIhxapueU-00158-00041216-00041439 they are again coming with
yuZIhxapueU-00159-00041440-00041743 twelve electrons the these are the
yuZIhxapueU-00160-00041744-00041999 ah symmetry of the ligand group orbitals
yuZIhxapueU-00161-00042000-00042239 that are going to combine with metal
yuZIhxapueU-00162-00042240-00042535 orbitals and here i have just put six
yuZIhxapueU-00163-00042536-00042807 electrons in d orbital
yuZIhxapueU-00164-00042808-00043039 and these six electrons
yuZIhxapueU-00165-00043040-00043358 remain here as nonbonding and if there
yuZIhxapueU-00166-00043359-00043599 is any electronic transition is there
yuZIhxapueU-00167-00043600-00043887 these electrons can be promoted to this
yuZIhxapueU-00168-00043888-00044135 higher energy state here
yuZIhxapueU-00169-00044136-00044471 ok so this represents a typical hexamine
yuZIhxapueU-00170-00044472-00044767 metal complex or hexa aqua metal complex
yuZIhxapueU-00171-00044768-00044895 here
yuZIhxapueU-00172-00044896-00045046 ok here you can put whatever the
yuZIhxapueU-00173-00045047-00045199 electrons
yuZIhxapueU-00174-00045200-00045311 you think
yuZIhxapueU-00175-00045312-00045479 the metal possess
yuZIhxapueU-00176-00045480-00045774 after required oxygen state is achieved
yuZIhxapueU-00177-00045775-00045927 with that metal
yuZIhxapueU-00178-00045928-00046246 so this one you can guess what
yuZIhxapueU-00179-00046247-00046502 geometry it represents and of course the
yuZIhxapueU-00180-00046503-00046767 moment you see here two orbitals
yuZIhxapueU-00181-00046768-00046990 and the symmetry corresponds to a one
yuZIhxapueU-00182-00046991-00047239 and t two obviously this is for a
yuZIhxapueU-00183-00047240-00047502 tetrahedral complex in tetrahedral
yuZIhxapueU-00184-00047503-00047679 complex we are talking about four
yuZIhxapueU-00185-00047680-00047951 ligands coming with eight electrons and
yuZIhxapueU-00186-00047952-00048207 here we have five d orbitals again and
yuZIhxapueU-00187-00048208-00048471 here the symmetry will be e and t two
yuZIhxapueU-00188-00048472-00048823 and as usual n plus one s orbit having a
yuZIhxapueU-00189-00048824-00049071 one and this n plus one p will be having
yuZIhxapueU-00190-00049072-00049423 t two in case of tetrahedral so here
yuZIhxapueU-00191-00049424-00049646 very similar to crystal field theory the
yuZIhxapueU-00192-00049647-00049758 energy of
yuZIhxapueU-00193-00049759-00050055 e will be lower compared to energy of t
yuZIhxapueU-00194-00050056-00050351 two and this remains non bonding here
yuZIhxapueU-00195-00050352-00050574 and in many cases what happens
yuZIhxapueU-00196-00050575-00050783 tetrahedral complexes also have
yuZIhxapueU-00197-00050784-00051046 electrons in the antibonding orbital
yuZIhxapueU-00198-00051047-00051287 here if they have more than four
yuZIhxapueU-00199-00051288-00051511 electrons obviously the fifth electron
yuZIhxapueU-00200-00051512-00051719 has to be placed here and these
yuZIhxapueU-00201-00051720-00051911 compounds are relatively unstable
yuZIhxapueU-00202-00051912-00052135 compared to octahedral complexes also to
yuZIhxapueU-00203-00052136-00052454 an extent square planar complexes
yuZIhxapueU-00204-00052455-00052694 four pairs of electrons coming from
yuZIhxapueU-00205-00052695-00052919 the ligands would occupy these three
yuZIhxapueU-00206-00052920-00053311 plus one four molecular orbitals here
yuZIhxapueU-00207-00053312-00053575 and electrons present
yuZIhxapueU-00208-00053576-00053911 in the d orbitals will be filled in this
yuZIhxapueU-00209-00053912-00054119 one if it is more than four two
yuZIhxapueU-00210-00054120-00054326 electrons then it would go here usually
yuZIhxapueU-00211-00054327-00054582 here pairing does not start here because
yuZIhxapueU-00212-00054583-00054838 this gap is much smaller so electrons
yuZIhxapueU-00213-00054839-00055007 will be promoted here and they will be
yuZIhxapueU-00214-00055008-00055463 usually high spin complexes
yuZIhxapueU-00215-00055464-00055750 ok and also i am showing you the orbits
yuZIhxapueU-00216-00055751-00056007 involved in this one you can see these
yuZIhxapueU-00217-00056008-00056215 are the orbitals having this kind of
yuZIhxapueU-00218-00056216-00056415 orientation of course you can also
yuZIhxapueU-00219-00056416-00056671 compare them to p x p y and p z and this
yuZIhxapueU-00220-00056672-00056935 is a
yuZIhxapueU-00221-00056936-00057094 and all of them participating
yuZIhxapueU-00222-00057095-00057382 tetrahedral geometry can be seen here
yuZIhxapueU-00223-00057383-00057582 ah this is called symmetry adapted
yuZIhxapueU-00224-00057583-00057950 linear combination of atomic orbitals
yuZIhxapueU-00225-00057951-00058230 you can see here this is composite of d
yuZIhxapueU-00226-00058232-00058423 z square and d x minus y square you can
yuZIhxapueU-00227-00058424-00058566 clearly see
yuZIhxapueU-00228-00058567-00058799 and also you can see how d x minus y
yuZIhxapueU-00229-00058800-00059023 square orbitals are oriented with
yuZIhxapueU-00230-00059024-00059182 respect to direction of approach of
yuZIhxapueU-00231-00059183-00059391 ligand again once again crystal field
yuZIhxapueU-00232-00059391-00059607 theory whatever we discuss it can be
yuZIhxapueU-00233-00059608-00059726 seen here
yuZIhxapueU-00234-00059727-00060071 why the energy of these things are lower
yuZIhxapueU-00235-00060072-00060294 and then if you see here again it is
yuZIhxapueU-00236-00060295-00060494 very clear why the energy of t2 is
yuZIhxapueU-00237-00060495-00060854 higher because they are almost coming on
yuZIhxapueU-00238-00060855-00061111 the way of ligand approach here in all
yuZIhxapueU-00239-00061112-00061279 these cases
yuZIhxapueU-00240-00061279-00061366 and
yuZIhxapueU-00241-00061367-00061599 this is ml bonding molecular orbitals
yuZIhxapueU-00242-00061600-00061879 filled with eight electrons for four
yuZIhxapueU-00243-00061879-00062303 ah ml sigma bonds
yuZIhxapueU-00244-00062304-00062559 and then we call them as anti bonding
yuZIhxapueU-00245-00062560-00062791 molecular orbitals
yuZIhxapueU-00246-00062791-00063135 and this how the looks like antibonding
yuZIhxapueU-00247-00063136-00063247 orbital
yuZIhxapueU-00248-00063248-00063438 the another one
yuZIhxapueU-00249-00063439-00063623 of course you can see here this is for
yuZIhxapueU-00250-00063624-00063863 square pnr complex in case of square
yuZIhxapueU-00251-00063864-00064079 planar complex again four ligands are
yuZIhxapueU-00252-00064079-00064303 coming but they are having different
yuZIhxapueU-00253-00064304-00064526 symmetry or molecular symbols
yuZIhxapueU-00254-00064527-00064726 depending upon what kind of orbitals
yuZIhxapueU-00255-00064727-00064942 that are available for bonding from
yuZIhxapueU-00256-00064944-00065038 metal
yuZIhxapueU-00257-00065039-00065263 ion or metal atom
yuZIhxapueU-00258-00065264-00065399 so here
yuZIhxapueU-00259-00065400-00065671 n d you will be further split into a
yuZIhxapueU-00260-00065672-00065823 different sets
yuZIhxapueU-00261-00065824-00066111 that i should show you and then a one g
yuZIhxapueU-00262-00066112-00066238 does not
yuZIhxapueU-00263-00066239-00066487 change here and since one of the orbital
yuZIhxapueU-00264-00066488-00066775 is participating in mixing and others
yuZIhxapueU-00265-00066776-00066911 two doesn't
yuZIhxapueU-00266-00066912-00067206 if you recall venus bond theory of d s p
yuZIhxapueU-00267-00067207-00067471 two so one p will be mixing as a result
yuZIhxapueU-00268-00067472-00067703 what happens it it has two different
yuZIhxapueU-00269-00067704-00067838 type of ah
yuZIhxapueU-00270-00067839-00068071 p orbitals here
yuZIhxapueU-00271-00068072-00068311 then accordingly they are further split
yuZIhxapueU-00272-00068312-00068494 of course tetragonal elongation if you
yuZIhxapueU-00273-00068495-00068799 remember how it splits one can visualize
yuZIhxapueU-00274-00068800-00069215 here also in case of ligand field theory
yuZIhxapueU-00275-00069216-00069303 then
yuZIhxapueU-00276-00069304-00069526 these are the molecular symbols given
yuZIhxapueU-00277-00069527-00069623 for
yuZIhxapueU-00278-00069624-00069703 ah
yuZIhxapueU-00279-00069704-00069982 various d orbital a one g b one g for d
yuZIhxapueU-00280-00069983-00070238 x minus y square and b two g for x y
yuZIhxapueU-00281-00070239-00070559 and d x z and d y z still degenerate
yuZIhxapueU-00282-00070560-00070999 they are called e g set
yuZIhxapueU-00283-00071000-00071206 and their metal to ligand bonding
yuZIhxapueU-00284-00071207-00071431 orbitals again eight electrons are ah
yuZIhxapueU-00285-00071432-00071750 comfortably placed here as four pairs
yuZIhxapueU-00286-00071751-00071967 and they are responsible for making four
yuZIhxapueU-00287-00071968-00072287 metal elegant bonds
yuZIhxapueU-00288-00072288-00072623 and their anti-bonding
yuZIhxapueU-00289-00072624-00072879 and and these are nonbonding orbitals
yuZIhxapueU-00290-00072880-00073143 here
yuZIhxapueU-00291-00073144-00073335 this is very very important when we talk
yuZIhxapueU-00292-00073336-00073662 about reactivity and let us now compare
yuZIhxapueU-00293-00073663-00073926 bonding in metal carbonyls and metal
yuZIhxapueU-00294-00073927-00074255 phosphines if you see metal carbonyl in
yuZIhxapueU-00295-00074256-00074438 my previous lecture i showed you about
yuZIhxapueU-00296-00074439-00074647 the lone pair present on carbon that is
yuZIhxapueU-00297-00074648-00074815 responsible to
yuZIhxapueU-00298-00074816-00075094 perform as a sigma donor these electrons
yuZIhxapueU-00299-00075095-00075350 from c o would be overlapping with one
yuZIhxapueU-00300-00075351-00075655 of the orbitals from m essentially d z
yuZIhxapueU-00301-00075656-00075919 square or dx minus y square to form a
yuZIhxapueU-00302-00075920-00076279 sigma bond then the field metal orbitals
yuZIhxapueU-00303-00076280-00076494 will overlap with pi star
yuZIhxapueU-00304-00076495-00076782 atomic orbitals to pi star orbitals of
yuZIhxapueU-00305-00076783-00077071 carbon monoxide to take electrons from
yuZIhxapueU-00306-00077072-00077271 the metal through back bonding and this
yuZIhxapueU-00307-00077272-00077599 is how carbonyl ligands stabilize metals
yuZIhxapueU-00308-00077600-00077750 in their low balance state in their
yuZIhxapueU-00309-00077751-00078015 lower state and overcome inter electron
yuZIhxapueU-00310-00078016-00078319 repulsion in the metal by taking
yuZIhxapueU-00311-00078320-00078559 comfortably the electrons from
yuZIhxapueU-00312-00078560-00078687 metal to
yuZIhxapueU-00313-00078688-00079311 pi star of carbon monoxide orbitals
yuZIhxapueU-00314-00079312-00079591 so this is a typical metal carbonyl
yuZIhxapueU-00315-00079592-00079879 bonding scheme here and let us assume a
yuZIhxapueU-00316-00079880-00080119 pair of electrons are coming from carbon
yuZIhxapueU-00317-00080120-00080359 monoxide these two electrons here this
yuZIhxapueU-00318-00080360-00080575 orbital and they
yuZIhxapueU-00319-00080576-00080806 interact with appropriate metal orbital
yuZIhxapueU-00320-00080807-00081055 to form a sigma bond so we establish a
yuZIhxapueU-00321-00081056-00081326 metal to carbonyl sigma bond now
yuZIhxapueU-00322-00081327-00081494 the energy
yuZIhxapueU-00323-00081495-00081615 of
yuZIhxapueU-00324-00081616-00081726 this one
yuZIhxapueU-00325-00081727-00081991 quite comparable with pi star of this
yuZIhxapueU-00326-00081992-00082294 one that is a t2g i would say and then
yuZIhxapueU-00327-00082295-00082487 they
yuZIhxapueU-00328-00082488-00082694 overlap they interact again to generate
yuZIhxapueU-00329-00082695-00082879 a set of bonding and anti-bonding
yuZIhxapueU-00330-00082880-00083071 molecular orbitals one thing one should
yuZIhxapueU-00331-00083072-00083311 remember here is
yuZIhxapueU-00332-00083312-00083567 pi star is not going to take directly
yuZIhxapueU-00333-00083568-00083847 electrons from the metal t2g orbitals
yuZIhxapueU-00334-00083848-00084159 when the metal atom or an ion is ready
yuZIhxapueU-00335-00084160-00084503 for giving electrons from its t2g t2g
yuZIhxapueU-00336-00084504-00084671 orbital should be treated as atomic
yuZIhxapueU-00337-00084672-00084967 orbitals and pi star are antibonding
yuZIhxapueU-00338-00084968-00085223 orbits present on carbon monoxide should
yuZIhxapueU-00339-00085224-00085479 be treated as atomic orbital they too
yuZIhxapueU-00340-00085480-00085743 combine together to generate again a set
yuZIhxapueU-00341-00085744-00085967 of bonding orbital and anti-bonding
yuZIhxapueU-00342-00085968-00086199 orbital to the bonding orbitals
yuZIhxapueU-00343-00086200-00086494 what happens the metal electrons goes so
yuZIhxapueU-00344-00086495-00086759 this is how back bonding takes place if
yuZIhxapueU-00345-00086760-00087062 somebody says that sigma star are pi
yuZIhxapueU-00346-00087063-00087311 star in phosphines or carbon monoxide
yuZIhxapueU-00347-00087312-00087494 directly take electrons that is
yuZIhxapueU-00348-00087495-00087718 incorrect they are not going to take
yuZIhxapueU-00349-00087719-00087887 they have to be treated as atomic
yuZIhxapueU-00350-00087888-00088247 orbital and t two g orbitals are with pi
yuZIhxapueU-00351-00088248-00088511 symmetry are essentially t two g r d x y
yuZIhxapueU-00352-00088512-00088735 d y z and d x z they have to be treated
yuZIhxapueU-00353-00088736-00088967 as again atomic orbital they combine
yuZIhxapueU-00354-00088968-00089231 together to generate a set of bonding
yuZIhxapueU-00355-00089232-00089455 and antibonding orbital and they have pi
yuZIhxapueU-00356-00089456-00089711 symmetry and we call it as that is the
yuZIhxapueU-00357-00089712-00089903 reason we call it as pi
yuZIhxapueU-00358-00089904-00090391 back bonding
yuZIhxapueU-00359-00090392-00090567 so same thing i have shown here for in
yuZIhxapueU-00360-00090568-00090759 case of phosphorus again phosphorus lone
yuZIhxapueU-00361-00090760-00090999 pair is there that goes to metal to form
yuZIhxapueU-00362-00091000-00091318 a sigma bond and then the sigma star
yuZIhxapueU-00363-00091319-00091559 when we write p r three molecular
yuZIhxapueU-00364-00091560-00091862 orbitals p r three has sigma star that
yuZIhxapueU-00365-00091863-00092238 sigma star interacts with ah field d
yuZIhxapueU-00366-00092239-00092511 orbital to take electrons and this is
yuZIhxapueU-00367-00092512-00092775 called back bonding here again in this
yuZIhxapueU-00368-00092776-00093111 case also sigma star orbitals
yuZIhxapueU-00369-00093112-00093318 you should treat as atomic orbitals they
yuZIhxapueU-00370-00093319-00093559 interact with field d orbitals to
yuZIhxapueU-00371-00093560-00093711 generate a set of bonding and
yuZIhxapueU-00372-00093712-00093967 antibonding again they have pi symmetry
yuZIhxapueU-00373-00093968-00094182 and here electrons will be transferred
yuZIhxapueU-00374-00094183-00094447 from metal to this bonding molecular
yuZIhxapueU-00375-00094448-00094623 orbital and hence we call it as pi
yuZIhxapueU-00376-00094624-00094862 bonding very similar here except for the
yuZIhxapueU-00377-00094863-00095094 fact that here we are using pi star
yuZIhxapueU-00378-00095095-00095335 antibonding orbitals and here we are
yuZIhxapueU-00379-00095336-00095511 using single star as antibonding
yuZIhxapueU-00380-00095512-00095759 orbitals and then you can see symmetry
yuZIhxapueU-00381-00095760-00096094 pi star and pi so electrons would be
yuZIhxapueU-00382-00096095-00096287 transferred to this place so that what
yuZIhxapueU-00383-00096288-00096494 happens inter electron repulsion is
yuZIhxapueU-00384-00096495-00096847 minimized so now i have shown here for
yuZIhxapueU-00385-00096848-00097071 chromium hexa carbonyl
yuZIhxapueU-00386-00097072-00097367 you can see here six carbon monoxides
yuZIhxapueU-00387-00097368-00097567 are there and
yuZIhxapueU-00388-00097568-00097782 the symmetry
yuZIhxapueU-00389-00097783-00098167 is referred to a1g t1u and eg here
yuZIhxapueU-00390-00098168-00098438 and as usual they combine here
yuZIhxapueU-00391-00098439-00098791 and then we i have also given t2 t2g pi
yuZIhxapueU-00392-00098792-00099118 star orbital as i mentioned these orbits
yuZIhxapueU-00393-00099119-00099223 are now
yuZIhxapueU-00394-00099224-00099359 combined with
yuZIhxapueU-00395-00099360-00099638 t2g and you can see now this is a
yuZIhxapueU-00396-00099639-00099847 bonding and its anti bonding and the
yuZIhxapueU-00397-00099848-00100094 electrons are placed here and now you
yuZIhxapueU-00398-00100095-00100335 can say the moment it is involved in
yuZIhxapueU-00399-00100336-00100662 bonding the energy of electrons present
yuZIhxapueU-00400-00100663-00100855 here previously it was non bonding
yuZIhxapueU-00401-00100856-00101135 somewhere here it is lower so since it
yuZIhxapueU-00402-00101136-00101399 is lowered the gap is increased so we
yuZIhxapueU-00403-00101400-00101655 can say now the compound the complex is
yuZIhxapueU-00404-00101656-00101879 more stabilized because the energy of
yuZIhxapueU-00405-00101880-00102174 this one is lower
yuZIhxapueU-00406-00102175-00102343 you can see here
yuZIhxapueU-00407-00102344-00102599 this is the pair i have shown here this
yuZIhxapueU-00408-00102600-00102871 is the one ah so that i am considering
yuZIhxapueU-00409-00102872-00103166 from six carbon monoxide this six space
yuZIhxapueU-00410-00103167-00103399 of these electrons are given shown here
yuZIhxapueU-00411-00103400-00103558 and then this pi star whatever i have
yuZIhxapueU-00412-00103559-00103799 shown here this is the pi star i am
yuZIhxapueU-00413-00103800-00104047 referring to here this is same as this
yuZIhxapueU-00414-00104048-00104134 one
yuZIhxapueU-00415-00104135-00104375 so i have an interesting case here
yuZIhxapueU-00416-00104376-00104630 nickel tetracarbonyl and normally you do
yuZIhxapueU-00417-00104631-00104975 not see mo diagram for nickel tetra
yuZIhxapueU-00418-00104976-00105086 carbonyl
yuZIhxapueU-00419-00105088-00105319 here i have written too many electrons
yuZIhxapueU-00420-00105320-00105495 you may be surprised to see why i have
yuZIhxapueU-00421-00105496-00105686 written so many electrons instead of
yuZIhxapueU-00422-00105688-00105919 writing just eight electrons from four
yuZIhxapueU-00423-00105920-00106175 carbon monoxide they are making bond
yuZIhxapueU-00424-00106176-00106558 with ni to form an ico4
yuZIhxapueU-00425-00106559-00106743 but i have written extra electrons here
yuZIhxapueU-00426-00106744-00106958 you can see one two three four pairs are
yuZIhxapueU-00427-00106959-00107166 there and four and eight pairs and
yuZIhxapueU-00428-00107167-00107495 another so basically i have 16 pairs are
yuZIhxapueU-00429-00107496-00107647 there so that means
yuZIhxapueU-00430-00107648-00107863 about 32 electrons i have considered
yuZIhxapueU-00431-00107864-00108054 here 32 elections where they are coming
yuZIhxapueU-00432-00108055-00108366 from yes let let me show you here
yuZIhxapueU-00433-00108367-00108927 let me write lewis dot structure again
yuZIhxapueU-00434-00108928-00109095 you know how we are establishing a
yuZIhxapueU-00435-00109096-00109454 triple bond between
yuZIhxapueU-00436-00109455-00109871 carbon and oxygen so this pair is one
yuZIhxapueU-00437-00109872-00110143 two three and four pairs are there four
yuZIhxapueU-00438-00110144-00110366 paste means eight electrons are there
yuZIhxapueU-00439-00110367-00110583 and eight electrons into four ligands
yuZIhxapueU-00440-00110583-00110863 thirty two electrons are there out of 32
yuZIhxapueU-00441-00110864-00111063 electrons what happens these four eight
yuZIhxapueU-00442-00111064-00111183 electrons
yuZIhxapueU-00443-00111183-00111486 ok this four paste means eight electrons
yuZIhxapueU-00444-00111488-00111758 equals four pairs
yuZIhxapueU-00445-00111759-00112310 they are responsible for making bond
yuZIhxapueU-00446-00112311-00112639 so this is what valence band theory says
yuZIhxapueU-00447-00112640-00112902 but is it really true let us examine
yuZIhxapueU-00448-00112903-00113047 that one whether
yuZIhxapueU-00449-00113048-00113190 the sigma
yuZIhxapueU-00450-00113191-00113575 electrons really participate and
yuZIhxapueU-00451-00113576-00113807 interact with appropriate metal orbitals
yuZIhxapueU-00452-00113808-00114175 to make n i c o bonds
yuZIhxapueU-00453-00114176-00114310 you can see here
yuZIhxapueU-00454-00114311-00114583 these four pairs are i am referring to
yuZIhxapueU-00455-00114583-00114727 this one
yuZIhxapueU-00456-00114728-00114966 this is the four pairs i am showing
yuZIhxapueU-00457-00114967-00115183 and then here eight pairs whatever i am
yuZIhxapueU-00458-00115183-00115407 showing here these are the electrons i
yuZIhxapueU-00459-00115408-00115758 am showing here together
yuZIhxapueU-00460-00115759-00116015 they remain non-bonding and to our
yuZIhxapueU-00461-00116016-00116334 surprise if you see these four orbital
yuZIhxapueU-00462-00116335-00116551 should have interacted with this one as
yuZIhxapueU-00463-00116552-00116799 well as this one to generate a set of
yuZIhxapueU-00464-00116800-00117110 four molecular orbitals to place these
yuZIhxapueU-00465-00117111-00117319 eight electrons very similar to what we
yuZIhxapueU-00466-00117320-00117510 saw in the tetrahedral complex in
yuZIhxapueU-00467-00117511-00117839 earlier case but if you see these four
yuZIhxapueU-00468-00117840-00118071 pace of electrons remains almost non
yuZIhxapueU-00469-00118072-00118295 bonding here the energy is much lower
yuZIhxapueU-00470-00118296-00118486 compared to any of the metal orbitals
yuZIhxapueU-00471-00118488-00118766 here that indicates there is no sigma
yuZIhxapueU-00472-00118767-00118983 bond at all between nickel and carbon
yuZIhxapueU-00473-00118983-00119143 monoxide
yuZIhxapueU-00474-00119144-00119423 there is no sigma bond in order to have
yuZIhxapueU-00475-00119424-00119671 sigma bond we should have pulled these
yuZIhxapueU-00476-00119672-00119934 orbits much lower and to connect with
yuZIhxapueU-00477-00119935-00120190 this one but that is not happening
yuZIhxapueU-00478-00120191-00120351 so that indicates
yuZIhxapueU-00479-00120352-00120590 the forest and four p energy are too
yuZIhxapueU-00480-00120591-00120863 high to interact with this sigma
yuZIhxapueU-00481-00120864-00121143 electrons from carbon monoxide then in
yuZIhxapueU-00482-00121144-00121383 that case there is no
yuZIhxapueU-00483-00121383-00121719 four sigma bonds at all in nico four
yuZIhxapueU-00484-00121720-00122119 then how nico four is formed naco4 is
yuZIhxapueU-00485-00122120-00122214 formed
yuZIhxapueU-00486-00122215-00122358 through only
yuZIhxapueU-00487-00122359-00122678 back bonding you can see here pi star of
yuZIhxapueU-00488-00122679-00123014 carbon monoxide that is interacting with
yuZIhxapueU-00489-00123015-00123414 here t2 e t1 t2 here and as a result
yuZIhxapueU-00490-00123415-00123663 what happens the electrons here
yuZIhxapueU-00491-00123664-00123943 degenerate prior to the formation nico4
yuZIhxapueU-00492-00123944-00124127 are split into two levels
yuZIhxapueU-00493-00124128-00124399 as usual e and t2 and the electrons are
yuZIhxapueU-00494-00124400-00124590 placed here 10 electrons present in
yuZIhxapueU-00495-00124591-00124934 nickel nickel 0 means 3 d 8 4 is 2 0
yuZIhxapueU-00496-00124935-00125151 means 10 electron these 10 electrons are
yuZIhxapueU-00497-00125152-00125407 placed here that means just by splitting
yuZIhxapueU-00498-00125408-00125775 this one what happens this is stabilized
yuZIhxapueU-00499-00125776-00125966 so valence bond theory says that we are
yuZIhxapueU-00500-00125967-00126223 utilizing these orbitals from metal to
yuZIhxapueU-00501-00126224-00126339 establish
yuZIhxapueU-00502-00126340-00126647 nico4 that is not the case at all and of
yuZIhxapueU-00503-00126648-00126871 course this one can see
yuZIhxapueU-00504-00126872-00127063 if they want to read more about that one
yuZIhxapueU-00505-00127064-00127310 you can refer to these papers and not
yuZIhxapueU-00506-00127311-00127551 many textbooks talk about this one and i
yuZIhxapueU-00507-00127552-00127751 haven't come across in many textbooks
yuZIhxapueU-00508-00127752-00128086 describing mo diagram for nsuo4 in this
yuZIhxapueU-00509-00128088-00128319 fashion but this is very true and also
yuZIhxapueU-00510-00128320-00128647 this explains why an ico4 is highly
yuZIhxapueU-00511-00128648-00128766 volatile
yuZIhxapueU-00512-00128767-00128990 and more reactive for the same reason
yuZIhxapueU-00513-00128991-00129319 this is stabilized by only back bonding
yuZIhxapueU-00514-00129320-00129599 and there is no sigma bonding in nico 4
yuZIhxapueU-00515-00129600-00129871 at all whereas in case of chromium
yuZIhxapueU-00516-00129872-00130151 hexacarbonyl we have sigma bond that i
yuZIhxapueU-00517-00130152-00130366 showed you in previous slide
yuZIhxapueU-00518-00130367-00130599 so there it is a solid and reasonably
yuZIhxapueU-00519-00130600-00130886 stable high melting point white powder
yuZIhxapueU-00520-00130888-00131087 moderately or reasonably stable
yuZIhxapueU-00521-00131088-00131366 atmosphere whereas this one is highly
yuZIhxapueU-00522-00131367-00131719 volatile and it can decompose readily so
yuZIhxapueU-00523-00131720-00131895 some of these properties can be
yuZIhxapueU-00524-00131896-00132119 explained nicely and and bonding also
yuZIhxapueU-00525-00132120-00132407 can be explained and that normally we do
yuZIhxapueU-00526-00132408-00132678 not see in case of valence bond theory
yuZIhxapueU-00527-00132679-00132871 and also crystal field area of course it
yuZIhxapueU-00528-00132872-00133071 does not explain anything about such
yuZIhxapueU-00529-00133072-00133343 complexes where metal is in zero valence
yuZIhxapueU-00530-00133344-00133423 state
yuZIhxapueU-00531-00133424-00133663 let me stop here and
yuZIhxapueU-00532-00133664-00133823 continue
yuZIhxapueU-00533-00133824-00134014 more interesting
yuZIhxapueU-00534-00134015-00134335 stories about transmittal elements in my
yuZIhxapueU-00535-00134336-00134493 next lecture
yuZIhxapueU-00536-00134494-00136775 [Music]
yuZIhxapueU-00537-00136776-00137305 do
yuZIhxapueU-00538-00137306-00137605 [Applause]
yuZIhxapueU-00539-00137606-00138847 [Music]
yuZIhxapueU-00540-00138848-00139055 you
yA7jpyxDCPQ-00000-00000084-00000599 [Music]
yA7jpyxDCPQ-00001-00000600-00000875 so
yA7jpyxDCPQ-00003-00004720-00004928 you
yArJ4GJ3OGM-00000-00000105-00000659 [Music]
yArJ4GJ3OGM-00001-00000660-00000960 yes
yBGgzDZz1wU-00000-00000026-00000250 stories and content and weird Darkness
yBGgzDZz1wU-00001-00000252-00000449 can be disturbing for some listeners and
yBGgzDZz1wU-00002-00000450-00000641 is intended for mature audiences only
yBGgzDZz1wU-00003-00000642-00001697 parental discretion is strongly advised
yBGgzDZz1wU-00004-00001698-00001973 welcome weirdos I'm Darren marlar and
yBGgzDZz1wU-00005-00001973-00002260 this is weird Darkness here you'll find
yBGgzDZz1wU-00006-00002261-00002515 stories of the Paranormal Supernatural
yBGgzDZz1wU-00007-00002516-00002752 legends lore
yBGgzDZz1wU-00008-00002753-00003193 Prime conspiracy mysterious Macabre
yBGgzDZz1wU-00009-00003194-00003569 unsolved and unexplained and if you're
yBGgzDZz1wU-00010-00003570-00003736 already a member of our weirdo family
yBGgzDZz1wU-00011-00003738-00003953 please take a moment and invite a friend
yBGgzDZz1wU-00012-00003954-00004165 family member or co-worker to listen in
yBGgzDZz1wU-00013-00004166-00004367 recommending weird Darkness to others
yBGgzDZz1wU-00014-00004368-00004541 helps make it possible for me to keep
yBGgzDZz1wU-00015-00004542-00004745 doing the show and while you're
yBGgzDZz1wU-00016-00004746-00004879 listening be sure to check out
yBGgzDZz1wU-00017-00004880-00005086 weirddarkness.com where you can find me
yBGgzDZz1wU-00018-00005087-00005375 on Facebook Twitter Instagram and more
yBGgzDZz1wU-00019-00005376-00005554 along with the weird Darkness weirdos
yBGgzDZz1wU-00020-00005555-00005704 Facebook group
yBGgzDZz1wU-00021-00005705-00005993 coming up in this episode it's Thriller
yBGgzDZz1wU-00022-00005994-00006215 Thursday and I'm back with another oldie
yBGgzDZz1wU-00023-00006216-00006478 but goodie Knock by Frederick Brown
yBGgzDZz1wU-00024-00006479-00006737 starts with a short story based on the
yBGgzDZz1wU-00025-00006738-00007037 following text of Thomas Bailey Aldrich
yBGgzDZz1wU-00026-00007038-00007360 imagine all human beings swept off the
yBGgzDZz1wU-00027-00007361-00007584 face of the Earth accepting one man
yBGgzDZz1wU-00028-00007586-00007996 imagine this man in some vast City New
yBGgzDZz1wU-00029-00007997-00008260 York or London imagine him on the third
yBGgzDZz1wU-00030-00008261-00008495 or fourth day of his Solitude sitting in
yBGgzDZz1wU-00031-00008496-00008764 a house and hearing a ring at the
yBGgzDZz1wU-00032-00008765-00008939 doorbell
yBGgzDZz1wU-00033-00008940-00009209 Frederick Brown condensed this text to
yBGgzDZz1wU-00034-00009210-00009491 read a sweet little Horror Story that is
yBGgzDZz1wU-00035-00009492-00009713 only two sentences long
yBGgzDZz1wU-00036-00009714-00009941 Brown's short story then goes on to
yBGgzDZz1wU-00037-00009942-00010223 elaborate on those two sentences and
yBGgzDZz1wU-00038-00010224-00010535 builds a more complete plot around them
yBGgzDZz1wU-00039-00010536-00010756 knock was originally published in the
yBGgzDZz1wU-00040-00010757-00011033 December 1948 issue of thrilling Wonder
yBGgzDZz1wU-00041-00011034-00011255 Stories there have been three different
yBGgzDZz1wU-00042-00011256-00011555 radio adaptations Dimension x and x
yBGgzDZz1wU-00043-00011556-00011735 minus 1 which I've heard on both of
yBGgzDZz1wU-00044-00011736-00011933 those and also the Sci-Fi channels
yBGgzDZz1wU-00045-00011934-00012238 seeing ear theater and now it gets
yBGgzDZz1wU-00046-00012239-00012514 another adaptation in this episode
yBGgzDZz1wU-00047-00012515-00012760 the story was also reprinted and the
yBGgzDZz1wU-00048-00012761-00013115 best science fiction stories 1949.
yBGgzDZz1wU-00049-00013116-00013385 now bolt your doors
yBGgzDZz1wU-00050-00013386-00013558 lock your windows
yBGgzDZz1wU-00051-00013559-00013738 turn off your lights
yBGgzDZz1wU-00052-00013740-00014094 and come with me into the weird Darkness
yBGgzDZz1wU-00053-00014094-00015221 [Music]
yBGgzDZz1wU-00054-00015222-00015436 there is a sweet little Horror Story
yBGgzDZz1wU-00055-00015437-00015719 that is only two sentences long
yBGgzDZz1wU-00056-00015719-00015983 the last man on Earth sat alone in a
yBGgzDZz1wU-00057-00015984-00016361 room there was a knock on the door
yBGgzDZz1wU-00058-00016362-00016625 two sentences and an ellipsis of three
yBGgzDZz1wU-00059-00016626-00016739 dots
yBGgzDZz1wU-00060-00016740-00016961 the horror of course isn't in the two
yBGgzDZz1wU-00061-00016962-00017189 sentences at all it's in the Ellipsis
yBGgzDZz1wU-00062-00017190-00017650 the implication what not at the door
yBGgzDZz1wU-00063-00017651-00017861 faced with the unknown the human mind
yBGgzDZz1wU-00064-00017862-00018239 supplies something vaguely horrible
yBGgzDZz1wU-00065-00018240-00018508 but it wasn't horrible really
yBGgzDZz1wU-00066-00018509-00018755 the last man on Earth or in the universe
yBGgzDZz1wU-00067-00018756-00019091 for that matter sat alone in a room
yBGgzDZz1wU-00068-00019092-00019336 it was a rather peculiar room he just
yBGgzDZz1wU-00069-00019337-00019558 noticed how peculiar it was and he'd
yBGgzDZz1wU-00070-00019559-00019744 been studying out the reason for its
yBGgzDZz1wU-00071-00019745-00020039 peculiarity his conclusions didn't
yBGgzDZz1wU-00072-00020040-00020321 horrify him but it annoyed him
yBGgzDZz1wU-00073-00020322-00020543 Walter Phelan who had been an associate
yBGgzDZz1wU-00074-00020544-00020741 professor of anthropology at Nathan
yBGgzDZz1wU-00075-00020742-00020957 University up until the time two days
yBGgzDZz1wU-00076-00020958-00021221 ago when Nathan University had ceased to
yBGgzDZz1wU-00077-00021222-00021569 exist was not a man who horrified easily
yBGgzDZz1wU-00078-00021570-00021803 not that Walter Phelan was a heroic
yBGgzDZz1wU-00079-00021804-00022049 figure by any wild stretch of the
yBGgzDZz1wU-00080-00022050-00022150 imagination
yBGgzDZz1wU-00081-00022151-00022450 he was a slight of stature and Mild of
yBGgzDZz1wU-00082-00022451-00022697 disposition he wasn't much to look at
yBGgzDZz1wU-00083-00022698-00022871 and he knew it
yBGgzDZz1wU-00084-00022872-00023128 not that his appearance worried him now
yBGgzDZz1wU-00085-00023129-00023363 right now in fact there wasn't much
yBGgzDZz1wU-00086-00023364-00023527 feeling in him
yBGgzDZz1wU-00087-00023528-00023771 abstractedly he knew that two days ago
yBGgzDZz1wU-00088-00023772-00024022 within the space of an hour the human
yBGgzDZz1wU-00089-00024023-00024305 race had been destroyed except for him
yBGgzDZz1wU-00090-00024306-00024707 and somewhere a woman one woman
yBGgzDZz1wU-00091-00024708-00024935 and that was a fact which didn't concern
yBGgzDZz1wU-00092-00024936-00025194 Walter Phelan in the slightest degree
yBGgzDZz1wU-00093-00025195-00025475 he'd probably never see her and didn't
yBGgzDZz1wU-00094-00025476-00025739 care too much if he didn't
yBGgzDZz1wU-00095-00025739-00025949 women just hadn't been a factor in
yBGgzDZz1wU-00096-00025950-00026177 Walter's life since Martha had died a
yBGgzDZz1wU-00097-00026177-00026302 year and a half ago
yBGgzDZz1wU-00098-00026304-00026512 thought that Martha hadn't been a good
yBGgzDZz1wU-00099-00026513-00026843 wife albeit a bit on the bossy side yes
yBGgzDZz1wU-00100-00026844-00027214 he loved Martha in a deep quiet way
yBGgzDZz1wU-00101-00027216-00027514 he was only 40 now and he'd been only 38
yBGgzDZz1wU-00102-00027516-00027802 when Martha had died but well he just
yBGgzDZz1wU-00103-00027804-00028067 hadn't thought about women since then
yBGgzDZz1wU-00104-00028068-00028343 his life had been his books the ones he
yBGgzDZz1wU-00105-00028344-00028564 read and the ones he wrote
yBGgzDZz1wU-00106-00028566-00028817 now there wasn't any point in writing
yBGgzDZz1wU-00107-00028818-00029081 books but he had the rest of his life to
yBGgzDZz1wU-00108-00029082-00029302 spend in reading them
yBGgzDZz1wU-00109-00029304-00029662 true company would be nice but he'd get
yBGgzDZz1wU-00110-00029663-00029789 along without it
yBGgzDZz1wU-00111-00029789-00029999 maybe after a while he'd get so he
yBGgzDZz1wU-00112-00030000-00030202 didn't enjoy the occasional company of
yBGgzDZz1wU-00113-00030204-00030467 one of the Zan although that was a bit
yBGgzDZz1wU-00114-00030468-00030617 difficult to imagine
yBGgzDZz1wU-00115-00030618-00030862 their thinking was so alien to him that
yBGgzDZz1wU-00116-00030863-00031049 there seemed no common ground for
yBGgzDZz1wU-00117-00031050-00031301 discussion intelligent though they were
yBGgzDZz1wU-00118-00031302-00031445 in a way
yBGgzDZz1wU-00119-00031445-00031793 an ant is intelligent in a way but no
yBGgzDZz1wU-00120-00031794-00031996 man ever established communication with
yBGgzDZz1wU-00121-00031997-00032333 an ant he thought of the Zan somehow as
yBGgzDZz1wU-00122-00032333-00032596 super ants although they didn't look
yBGgzDZz1wU-00123-00032597-00032807 like ants and he had a hunch that the
yBGgzDZz1wU-00124-00032808-00033065 Zan regarded the human race as the human
yBGgzDZz1wU-00125-00033066-00033323 race had regarded ordinary ants
yBGgzDZz1wU-00126-00033324-00033527 certainly what they had done to Earth
yBGgzDZz1wU-00127-00033528-00033827 had been what men did to ant hills and
yBGgzDZz1wU-00128-00033828-00034162 it had been done much more efficiently
yBGgzDZz1wU-00129-00034163-00034433 but they had given him plenty of books
yBGgzDZz1wU-00130-00034434-00034667 they'd been nice about that as soon as
yBGgzDZz1wU-00131-00034668-00034877 he had told them what he wanted and he
yBGgzDZz1wU-00132-00034878-00035045 had told them that the moment he had
yBGgzDZz1wU-00133-00035046-00035255 learned that he was destined to spend
yBGgzDZz1wU-00134-00035256-00035524 the rest of his life alone in this room
yBGgzDZz1wU-00135-00035525-00035687 the rest of his life
yBGgzDZz1wU-00136-00035688-00035999 or as the Zan had quaintly expressed it
yBGgzDZz1wU-00137-00036000-00036149 forever
yBGgzDZz1wU-00138-00036150-00036395 even a brilliant mind and the Zan
yBGgzDZz1wU-00139-00036396-00036707 obviously had Brilliant Minds had its
yBGgzDZz1wU-00140-00036708-00036977 idiosyncrasies the Zan had learned to
yBGgzDZz1wU-00141-00036978-00037235 speak terrestrial English in a manner of
yBGgzDZz1wU-00142-00037236-00037481 hours but they persisted in separating
yBGgzDZz1wU-00143-00037482-00037768 syllables but we digress
yBGgzDZz1wU-00144-00037769-00038009 there was a knock on the door
yBGgzDZz1wU-00145-00038010-00038261 you got it all now except the three dots
yBGgzDZz1wU-00146-00038262-00038495 the ellipses and I'm going to fill that
yBGgzDZz1wU-00147-00038496-00038771 in and show you that it wasn't horrible
yBGgzDZz1wU-00148-00038772-00038962 at all
yBGgzDZz1wU-00149-00038963-00039293 Walter Phelan called out come in and the
yBGgzDZz1wU-00150-00039294-00039407 door opened
yBGgzDZz1wU-00151-00039408-00039701 it was of course only a Zan it looked
yBGgzDZz1wU-00152-00039702-00039959 exactly like the others and if there was
yBGgzDZz1wU-00153-00039960-00040162 any way of telling one of them from
yBGgzDZz1wU-00154-00040163-00040415 another Walter hadn't found it it was
yBGgzDZz1wU-00155-00040416-00040685 about four feet tall and it looked like
yBGgzDZz1wU-00156-00040686-00040937 nothing on Earth nothing that is that
yBGgzDZz1wU-00157-00040938-00041146 had been on Earth until the Zion came
yBGgzDZz1wU-00158-00041147-00041279 there
yBGgzDZz1wU-00159-00041280-00041530 Walter said hello George
yBGgzDZz1wU-00160-00041531-00041680 when he had learned that none of them
yBGgzDZz1wU-00161-00041681-00041896 had names he decided to call them all
yBGgzDZz1wU-00162-00041897-00042227 George and the sand didn't seem to mind
yBGgzDZz1wU-00163-00042228-00042611 this one said hello Walter
yBGgzDZz1wU-00164-00042612-00042827 that was ritual the knock on the door
yBGgzDZz1wU-00165-00042828-00042995 and the greetings
yBGgzDZz1wU-00166-00042996-00043189 Walter waited
yBGgzDZz1wU-00167-00043190-00043561 .1 said the Zan you will please
yBGgzDZz1wU-00168-00043562-00043817 henceforth sit with your chair turned
yBGgzDZz1wU-00169-00043818-00044015 the other way
yBGgzDZz1wU-00170-00044016-00044302 Walter said I thought so George that
yBGgzDZz1wU-00171-00044303-00044489 plain wall is transparent from the other
yBGgzDZz1wU-00172-00044490-00044662 side isn't it
yBGgzDZz1wU-00173-00044663-00044951 it is transparent
yBGgzDZz1wU-00174-00044952-00045130 just what I thought
yBGgzDZz1wU-00175-00045131-00045352 I'm in a zoo right
yBGgzDZz1wU-00176-00045353-00045593 that is right
yBGgzDZz1wU-00177-00045594-00045851 Walter side I knew it
yBGgzDZz1wU-00178-00045852-00046079 that plain blank wall without a single
yBGgzDZz1wU-00179-00046080-00046277 piece of furniture against it and made
yBGgzDZz1wU-00180-00046278-00046468 of something different from the other
yBGgzDZz1wU-00181-00046469-00046577 walls
yBGgzDZz1wU-00182-00046578-00046817 if I persist in sitting with my back to
yBGgzDZz1wU-00183-00046818-00047158 it what then you'll kill me I ask
yBGgzDZz1wU-00184-00047159-00047290 hopefully
yBGgzDZz1wU-00185-00047291-00047580 we will take away your books
yBGgzDZz1wU-00186-00047581-00047861 you've got me there George
yBGgzDZz1wU-00187-00047862-00048071 all right I'll face the other way when I
yBGgzDZz1wU-00188-00048072-00048215 sit and read
yBGgzDZz1wU-00189-00048216-00048449 how many other animals besides me are in
yBGgzDZz1wU-00190-00048450-00048623 this zoo of yours
yBGgzDZz1wU-00191-00048624-00048889 216.
yBGgzDZz1wU-00192-00048890-00049030 [Music]
yBGgzDZz1wU-00193-00049031-00049289 Walter shook his head not complete
yBGgzDZz1wU-00194-00049290-00049529 George even a bush League Zoo can beat
yBGgzDZz1wU-00195-00049530-00049780 that could beat that I mean if there
yBGgzDZz1wU-00196-00049781-00050051 were any Bush League zoos left did you
yBGgzDZz1wU-00197-00050052-00050471 just pick at random random samples yes
yBGgzDZz1wU-00198-00050472-00050962 all species would have been to many male
yBGgzDZz1wU-00199-00050963-00051329 and female each of one hundred and eight
yBGgzDZz1wU-00200-00051329-00051485 kinds
yBGgzDZz1wU-00201-00051486-00051730 what do you feed them the carnivorous
yBGgzDZz1wU-00202-00051732-00051869 ones I mean
yBGgzDZz1wU-00203-00051870-00052211 we make food synthetic
yBGgzDZz1wU-00204-00052212-00052619 smart said Walter and the Flora you've
yBGgzDZz1wU-00205-00052620-00052787 got a collection of that too
yBGgzDZz1wU-00206-00052788-00053279 Laura was not hurt by by rations it is
yBGgzDZz1wU-00207-00053279-00053453 all still growing
yBGgzDZz1wU-00208-00053454-00053776 nice for the Flora said Walter you
yBGgzDZz1wU-00209-00053777-00053963 weren't as hard on it then as you were
yBGgzDZz1wU-00210-00053964-00054130 on the fauna
yBGgzDZz1wU-00211-00054132-00054449 well George you started out with point
yBGgzDZz1wU-00212-00054450-00054785 one I deduced there is a 0.2 kicking
yBGgzDZz1wU-00213-00054786-00055013 around somewhere what is it
yBGgzDZz1wU-00214-00055014-00055399 something we do not understand
yBGgzDZz1wU-00215-00055400-00055876 two of the other animals sleep and do
yBGgzDZz1wU-00216-00055877-00056194 not wake they are cold
yBGgzDZz1wU-00217-00056195-00056447 it happens in the best regulated zoos
yBGgzDZz1wU-00218-00056448-00056794 George Walter Phelan said probably not a
yBGgzDZz1wU-00219-00056795-00056969 thing wrong with them except that
yBGgzDZz1wU-00220-00056970-00057269 they're dead
yBGgzDZz1wU-00221-00057270-00057430 that means
yBGgzDZz1wU-00222-00057432-00057569 stopped
yBGgzDZz1wU-00223-00057570-00058192 but nothing stopped them each was a loan
yBGgzDZz1wU-00224-00058194-00058450 Walter stared at the Zan do you mean
yBGgzDZz1wU-00225-00058451-00058744 George you don't know what natural death
yBGgzDZz1wU-00226-00058745-00058876 is
yBGgzDZz1wU-00227-00058877-00059363 death is when a being is killed stopped
yBGgzDZz1wU-00228-00059364-00059638 from live in
yBGgzDZz1wU-00229-00059639-00059944 Walter Phelan blinked how old are you
yBGgzDZz1wU-00230-00059945-00060454 George he asked 16 you would not know
yBGgzDZz1wU-00231-00060455-00060580 the word
yBGgzDZz1wU-00232-00060582-00060976 your plan knit went around your son
yBGgzDZz1wU-00233-00060977-00061487 about seven thousand times I am still
yBGgzDZz1wU-00234-00061488-00061703 young
yBGgzDZz1wU-00235-00061704-00061925 Walter whistled Softly
yBGgzDZz1wU-00236-00061926-00062219 a babe in arms he said
yBGgzDZz1wU-00237-00062220-00062387 he thought hard in a moment look George
yBGgzDZz1wU-00238-00062388-00062638 he said you got something to learn about
yBGgzDZz1wU-00239-00062639-00062903 this planet you're on there's a guy here
yBGgzDZz1wU-00240-00062904-00063113 who doesn't hang around where you come
yBGgzDZz1wU-00241-00063114-00063371 from an old man with a beard and a
yBGgzDZz1wU-00242-00063372-00063629 scythe and an hourglass your vibrations
yBGgzDZz1wU-00243-00063629-00063838 didn't kill him
yBGgzDZz1wU-00244-00063839-00064037 what is he
yBGgzDZz1wU-00245-00064038-00064319 they call him the Grim Reaper George the
yBGgzDZz1wU-00246-00064320-00064469 old man death
yBGgzDZz1wU-00247-00064470-00064697 our people and animals live until
yBGgzDZz1wU-00248-00064698-00065038 somebody old man death stops them
yBGgzDZz1wU-00249-00065039-00065147 ticking
yBGgzDZz1wU-00250-00065148-00065519 he stopped the two creatures
yBGgzDZz1wU-00251-00065520-00065867 he will stop more
yBGgzDZz1wU-00252-00065868-00066100 Walter opened his mouth to answer and
yBGgzDZz1wU-00253-00066101-00066317 then closed it again something in the
yBGgzDZz1wU-00254-00066318-00066532 Zan's voice indicated that there would
yBGgzDZz1wU-00255-00066533-00066863 be a worried frown on his face if he had
yBGgzDZz1wU-00256-00066864-00067144 had a face recognizable as such
yBGgzDZz1wU-00257-00067145-00067379 how about taking me to these animals who
yBGgzDZz1wU-00258-00067380-00067606 won't wake up Walter asked is that
yBGgzDZz1wU-00259-00067607-00067750 against the rules
yBGgzDZz1wU-00260-00067751-00068087 come said the Zan
yBGgzDZz1wU-00261-00068088-00068303 that had been the afternoon of the
yBGgzDZz1wU-00262-00068304-00068399 second day
yBGgzDZz1wU-00263-00068400-00068585 it was the next morning that the Zan
yBGgzDZz1wU-00264-00068586-00068891 came back several of them they began to
yBGgzDZz1wU-00265-00068892-00069167 move Walter phelan's books and furniture
yBGgzDZz1wU-00266-00069168-00069455 when they'd finished that they moved him
yBGgzDZz1wU-00267-00069456-00069676 he found himself in a much larger room
yBGgzDZz1wU-00268-00069677-00069893 100 yards away
yBGgzDZz1wU-00269-00069894-00070241 he sat and waited and this time too when
yBGgzDZz1wU-00270-00070242-00070444 there was a knock on the door he knew
yBGgzDZz1wU-00271-00070445-00070726 what was coming and politely stood up
yBGgzDZz1wU-00272-00070727-00071056 Azan opened the door and stood aside a
yBGgzDZz1wU-00273-00071057-00071200 woman entered
yBGgzDZz1wU-00274-00071201-00071561 Walter bowed slightly Walter Phelan he
yBGgzDZz1wU-00275-00071562-00071800 said in case George didn't tell you my
yBGgzDZz1wU-00276-00071801-00072023 name George tries to be polite but he
yBGgzDZz1wU-00277-00072024-00072281 doesn't know all of our ways
yBGgzDZz1wU-00278-00072282-00072550 the woman seemed calm he was glad to
yBGgzDZz1wU-00279-00072551-00072671 notice that
yBGgzDZz1wU-00280-00072672-00072935 she said my name is Grace Evans Mr
yBGgzDZz1wU-00281-00072936-00073199 Phelan what's this all about why did
yBGgzDZz1wU-00282-00073200-00073421 they bring me here
yBGgzDZz1wU-00283-00073422-00073685 Walter was studying her as she talked
yBGgzDZz1wU-00284-00073686-00073973 she was tall fully as tall as he and
yBGgzDZz1wU-00285-00073974-00074117 well proportioned
yBGgzDZz1wU-00286-00074118-00074326 she looked to be somewhere in her early
yBGgzDZz1wU-00287-00074327-00074597 30s at the age Martha had been
yBGgzDZz1wU-00288-00074598-00074813 she had the same calm confidence about
yBGgzDZz1wU-00289-00074814-00075088 her that he'd always liked about Martha
yBGgzDZz1wU-00290-00075089-00075269 even though it had contrasted with his
yBGgzDZz1wU-00291-00075270-00075479 own easy going informality
yBGgzDZz1wU-00292-00075480-00075719 in fact he thought she looked quite a
yBGgzDZz1wU-00293-00075720-00075856 bit like Martha
yBGgzDZz1wU-00294-00075857-00076103 I think I know why they brought you here
yBGgzDZz1wU-00295-00076104-00076505 but let's go back a bit he said do you
yBGgzDZz1wU-00296-00076506-00076829 know just what has happened otherwise
yBGgzDZz1wU-00297-00076830-00077123 you mean that they've killed everyone
yBGgzDZz1wU-00298-00077124-00077249 yes
yBGgzDZz1wU-00299-00077250-00077417 please sit down
yBGgzDZz1wU-00300-00077418-00077609 you know how they how they accomplished
yBGgzDZz1wU-00301-00077610-00077711 it
yBGgzDZz1wU-00302-00077712-00077962 she sank into a comfortable chair nearby
yBGgzDZz1wU-00303-00077963-00078365 no she said I don't know just how not
yBGgzDZz1wU-00304-00078366-00078526 that it matters does it
yBGgzDZz1wU-00305-00078527-00078923 not a lot but here's the story what I
yBGgzDZz1wU-00306-00078924-00079109 know of it from getting one of them to
yBGgzDZz1wU-00307-00079110-00079297 talk and from piecing things together
yBGgzDZz1wU-00308-00079298-00079637 there isn't a great number of them here
yBGgzDZz1wU-00309-00079638-00079882 anyway I don't know how numerous a race
yBGgzDZz1wU-00310-00079883-00080141 they are where they came from and I
yBGgzDZz1wU-00311-00080142-00080356 don't know where that is but I guess
yBGgzDZz1wU-00312-00080357-00080585 it's outside the solar system
yBGgzDZz1wU-00313-00080586-00080819 you've seen the spaceship they came in
yBGgzDZz1wU-00314-00080820-00081053 yes it's as big as a mountain
yBGgzDZz1wU-00315-00081054-00081359 almost well it has equipment for
yBGgzDZz1wU-00316-00081360-00081611 emitting some sort of vibration they
yBGgzDZz1wU-00317-00081612-00081803 call it that in our language but I
yBGgzDZz1wU-00318-00081804-00082000 imagine it's more like a radio wave than
yBGgzDZz1wU-00319-00082001-00082294 a sound vibration it destroys all animal
yBGgzDZz1wU-00320-00082295-00082385 life
yBGgzDZz1wU-00321-00082386-00082721 it the ship itself is insulated against
yBGgzDZz1wU-00322-00082722-00082847 the vibration
yBGgzDZz1wU-00323-00082848-00083050 I don't know whether its range is big
yBGgzDZz1wU-00324-00083051-00083243 enough to kill off the whole planet at
yBGgzDZz1wU-00325-00083244-00083500 once or whether they flew in circles
yBGgzDZz1wU-00326-00083501-00083675 around the earth sending out the
yBGgzDZz1wU-00327-00083676-00083926 vibratory waves but it killed everybody
yBGgzDZz1wU-00328-00083927-00084365 and everything instantly and I hope
yBGgzDZz1wU-00329-00084366-00084521 painlessly
yBGgzDZz1wU-00330-00084522-00084893 the only reason we and the other 200 odd
yBGgzDZz1wU-00331-00084894-00085115 animals in this Zoo weren't killed was
yBGgzDZz1wU-00332-00085116-00085421 because we were inside the ship
yBGgzDZz1wU-00333-00085422-00085715 we've been picked up as specimens
yBGgzDZz1wU-00334-00085716-00086032 you do know this is a zoo don't you
yBGgzDZz1wU-00335-00086033-00086447 uh I suspected it yeah the front walls
yBGgzDZz1wU-00336-00086448-00086638 are transparent from the outside
yBGgzDZz1wU-00337-00086639-00086819 the Sands are pretty clever at fixing up
yBGgzDZz1wU-00338-00086820-00087017 the inside of each cubicle to match the
yBGgzDZz1wU-00339-00087018-00087179 natural habitat or the creature it
yBGgzDZz1wU-00340-00087180-00087479 contains these cubicles such as the one
yBGgzDZz1wU-00341-00087480-00087712 we're in are of plastic and they've got
yBGgzDZz1wU-00342-00087713-00087887 a machine that makes one in about 10
yBGgzDZz1wU-00343-00087888-00087988 minutes
yBGgzDZz1wU-00344-00087989-00088217 if Earth had a machine and a process
yBGgzDZz1wU-00345-00088218-00088468 like that it wouldn't have been any
yBGgzDZz1wU-00346-00088469-00088631 housing shortage
yBGgzDZz1wU-00347-00088632-00088865 well there isn't any housing shortage
yBGgzDZz1wU-00348-00088866-00089044 now anyway
yBGgzDZz1wU-00349-00089045-00089323 and I imagine that the human race
yBGgzDZz1wU-00350-00089324-00089579 specifically you and I
yBGgzDZz1wU-00351-00089580-00089879 uh can stop worrying about the A-bomb
yBGgzDZz1wU-00352-00089880-00090071 and the next War
yBGgzDZz1wU-00353-00090072-00090268 Zan certainly solved a lot of those kind
yBGgzDZz1wU-00354-00090269-00090532 of problems for us
yBGgzDZz1wU-00355-00090533-00090761 Grace Evans smiled faintly
yBGgzDZz1wU-00356-00090762-00090959 another case where the operation was
yBGgzDZz1wU-00357-00090960-00091241 successful but the patient died
yBGgzDZz1wU-00358-00091242-00091450 things were in an awful mess
yBGgzDZz1wU-00359-00091451-00091775 do you remember being captured I don't I
yBGgzDZz1wU-00360-00091776-00092015 went to sleep one night and woke up in a
yBGgzDZz1wU-00361-00092016-00092212 cage on this spaceship
yBGgzDZz1wU-00362-00092213-00092471 now I don't remember either Walter said
yBGgzDZz1wU-00363-00092472-00092729 my hunch is that they use the vibratory
yBGgzDZz1wU-00364-00092730-00093005 waves at low intensity first just enough
yBGgzDZz1wU-00365-00093006-00093293 to knock us all out then they cruised
yBGgzDZz1wU-00366-00093294-00093497 around picking up samples more or less
yBGgzDZz1wU-00367-00093498-00093688 at random for their Zoo
yBGgzDZz1wU-00368-00093689-00093941 after they had as many as they wanted or
yBGgzDZz1wU-00369-00093942-00094156 as many as they had space in the ship to
yBGgzDZz1wU-00370-00094157-00094385 hold they turned on the juice all the
yBGgzDZz1wU-00371-00094386-00094655 way and that was that
yBGgzDZz1wU-00372-00094656-00094882 it wasn't until yesterday they knew that
yBGgzDZz1wU-00373-00094883-00095026 they'd made a mistake and it
yBGgzDZz1wU-00374-00095027-00095267 underestimated us they thought we were
yBGgzDZz1wU-00375-00095268-00095494 Immortal as they are
yBGgzDZz1wU-00376-00095495-00095771 that we were what
yBGgzDZz1wU-00377-00095772-00095975 they can be killed but they don't know
yBGgzDZz1wU-00378-00095976-00096293 what natural death is they didn't anyway
yBGgzDZz1wU-00379-00096294-00096700 until yesterday two of us died yesterday
yBGgzDZz1wU-00380-00096701-00097144 two of oh yes two of us animals in their
yBGgzDZz1wU-00381-00097145-00097456 Zoo one was a snake and one was a duck
yBGgzDZz1wU-00382-00097457-00097847 two species gone irrevocably and by the
yBGgzDZz1wU-00383-00097848-00098129 Zan's way of figuring time the remaining
yBGgzDZz1wU-00384-00098130-00098362 member of each species is only going to
yBGgzDZz1wU-00385-00098363-00098579 live a few minutes anyway
yBGgzDZz1wU-00386-00098580-00098765 they figured they had permanent
yBGgzDZz1wU-00387-00098766-00098981 specimens
yBGgzDZz1wU-00388-00098982-00099268 realize what short-lived creatures we
yBGgzDZz1wU-00389-00099269-00099532 are that's right
yBGgzDZz1wU-00390-00099533-00099832 one of them's young at 7 000 years he
yBGgzDZz1wU-00391-00099833-00100103 told me they're bisexual themselves
yBGgzDZz1wU-00392-00100104-00100331 incidentally but they probably breed
yBGgzDZz1wU-00393-00100332-00100667 once every 10 000 years or thereabouts
yBGgzDZz1wU-00394-00100668-00100817 when they learned yesterday how
yBGgzDZz1wU-00395-00100818-00101062 ridiculously short a life expectancy we
yBGgzDZz1wU-00396-00101063-00101279 terrestrial animals have they were
yBGgzDZz1wU-00397-00101280-00101488 probably shocked to the Core
yBGgzDZz1wU-00398-00101489-00101800 if they have cores at any rate they
yBGgzDZz1wU-00399-00101801-00102053 decided to reorganize their Zoo two by
yBGgzDZz1wU-00400-00102054-00102341 two instead of one by one they figure
yBGgzDZz1wU-00401-00102342-00102580 will last longer collectively if not
yBGgzDZz1wU-00402-00102581-00102736 individually
yBGgzDZz1wU-00403-00102738-00102886 oh
yBGgzDZz1wU-00404-00102888-00103078 gray seven stood up and there was a
yBGgzDZz1wU-00405-00103079-00103277 taint blush on her face
yBGgzDZz1wU-00406-00103278-00103432 if you think
yBGgzDZz1wU-00407-00103433-00103594 if they think
yBGgzDZz1wU-00408-00103595-00103810 she turned toward the door it'll be
yBGgzDZz1wU-00409-00103811-00104128 locked Walter Phelan said calmly but
yBGgzDZz1wU-00410-00104129-00104458 don't worry maybe they think but I don't
yBGgzDZz1wU-00411-00104459-00104753 think you needn't even tell me you
yBGgzDZz1wU-00412-00104754-00104921 wouldn't have me if I was the last man
yBGgzDZz1wU-00413-00104922-00105143 on Earth it'd be corny under the
yBGgzDZz1wU-00414-00105144-00105293 circumstances
yBGgzDZz1wU-00415-00105294-00105551 but are they going to keep us locked up
yBGgzDZz1wU-00416-00105552-00105802 together in this one little room
yBGgzDZz1wU-00417-00105803-00106163 It Isn't So little we'll get by
yBGgzDZz1wU-00418-00106164-00106384 I can sleep quite comfortably in one of
yBGgzDZz1wU-00419-00106385-00106666 these overstuffed chairs and don't think
yBGgzDZz1wU-00420-00106667-00106907 I don't agree with you perfectly my dear
yBGgzDZz1wU-00421-00106908-00107177 all personal considerations aside the
yBGgzDZz1wU-00422-00107178-00107369 least favor we can do to the human race
yBGgzDZz1wU-00423-00107370-00107621 is to let it end with us and not be
yBGgzDZz1wU-00424-00107622-00107945 perpetuated for exhibition in a zoo
yBGgzDZz1wU-00425-00107946-00108143 she said thank you
yBGgzDZz1wU-00426-00108144-00108413 almost inaudibly and the flush receded
yBGgzDZz1wU-00427-00108414-00108701 from her cheeks it was anger in her eyes
yBGgzDZz1wU-00428-00108702-00108899 but Walter knew that it wasn't anger at
yBGgzDZz1wU-00429-00108900-00108983 him
yBGgzDZz1wU-00430-00108983-00109210 with her eyes sparkling like that she
yBGgzDZz1wU-00431-00109211-00109469 looked a lot like Martha he thought
yBGgzDZz1wU-00432-00109470-00109649 he smiled at her and said
yBGgzDZz1wU-00433-00109650-00109883 otherwise
yBGgzDZz1wU-00434-00109883-00110104 she started out of her chair and for an
yBGgzDZz1wU-00435-00110105-00110273 instant he thought she was going to come
yBGgzDZz1wU-00436-00110274-00110531 over and slap him then she sank back
yBGgzDZz1wU-00437-00110532-00110704 wearily
yBGgzDZz1wU-00438-00110705-00110884 you were a man you'd be thinking of some
yBGgzDZz1wU-00439-00110885-00111010 way to
yBGgzDZz1wU-00440-00111011-00111245 can they be killed you said
yBGgzDZz1wU-00441-00111246-00111449 her voice was bitter
yBGgzDZz1wU-00442-00111450-00111736 the Zan uh certainly I've been studying
yBGgzDZz1wU-00443-00111738-00111904 them they look horribly different from
yBGgzDZz1wU-00444-00111905-00112115 us but I think they have about the same
yBGgzDZz1wU-00445-00112116-00112366 metabolism we have the same type of
yBGgzDZz1wU-00446-00112367-00112607 circulatory system and probably the same
yBGgzDZz1wU-00447-00112608-00112858 type of digestive system I think that
yBGgzDZz1wU-00448-00112859-00113110 anything that would kill one of us would
yBGgzDZz1wU-00449-00113111-00113254 kill one of them
yBGgzDZz1wU-00450-00113255-00113584 but you said oh there are differences of
yBGgzDZz1wU-00451-00113585-00113873 course whatever Factor it is in man that
yBGgzDZz1wU-00452-00113874-00114178 ages him they don't have or else they
yBGgzDZz1wU-00453-00114179-00114401 have some gland that man doesn't have
yBGgzDZz1wU-00454-00114402-00114683 something that renews cells
yBGgzDZz1wU-00455-00114683-00114916 she had forgotten her anger now she
yBGgzDZz1wU-00456-00114917-00115199 leaned forward eagerly she said I think
yBGgzDZz1wU-00457-00115200-00115402 that's right and I don't think they feel
yBGgzDZz1wU-00458-00115403-00115547 pain
yBGgzDZz1wU-00459-00115548-00115757 I was hoping that but what makes you
yBGgzDZz1wU-00460-00115758-00115925 think so my dear
yBGgzDZz1wU-00461-00115926-00116128 stretched a piece of wire that I found
yBGgzDZz1wU-00462-00116129-00116363 in the desk of my cubicle across the
yBGgzDZz1wU-00463-00116364-00116657 door so my Zan would fall over it he did
yBGgzDZz1wU-00464-00116658-00116890 and the wire cut his leg
yBGgzDZz1wU-00465-00116891-00117190 did he bleed red yes but it didn't seem
yBGgzDZz1wU-00466-00117191-00117431 to annoy him he didn't get mad about it
yBGgzDZz1wU-00467-00117432-00117671 didn't even mention it when he came back
yBGgzDZz1wU-00468-00117672-00117899 the next time a few hours later the cut
yBGgzDZz1wU-00469-00117900-00118204 was gone well almost gone I could see
yBGgzDZz1wU-00470-00118205-00118397 just enough of a trace of it to be sure
yBGgzDZz1wU-00471-00118398-00118666 it was the same Zan
yBGgzDZz1wU-00472-00118667-00118889 Walter Phelan nodded slowly
yBGgzDZz1wU-00473-00118890-00119219 he wouldn't get angry of course he said
yBGgzDZz1wU-00474-00119220-00119416 they're emotionless
yBGgzDZz1wU-00475-00119417-00119686 maybe if we killed one they wouldn't
yBGgzDZz1wU-00476-00119688-00119825 even punish us
yBGgzDZz1wU-00477-00119826-00120077 but it wouldn't do any good they'd just
yBGgzDZz1wU-00478-00120078-00120275 give us our food through a trap door and
yBGgzDZz1wU-00479-00120276-00120473 treat us as men would have treated a zoo
yBGgzDZz1wU-00480-00120474-00120731 animal that had killed a keeper they
yBGgzDZz1wU-00481-00120732-00120904 just see that he didn't have a crack at
yBGgzDZz1wU-00482-00120905-00121060 any more keepers
yBGgzDZz1wU-00483-00121061-00121289 how many of them are there she asked
yBGgzDZz1wU-00484-00121290-00121613 about 200 I think in this particular
yBGgzDZz1wU-00485-00121614-00121877 spaceship but undoubtedly there are many
yBGgzDZz1wU-00486-00121878-00122033 more where they came from
yBGgzDZz1wU-00487-00122033-00122302 I have a hunch this is just an advanced
yBGgzDZz1wU-00488-00122303-00122560 guard sent to clear off this planet and
yBGgzDZz1wU-00489-00122561-00122819 make it safe for Zan occupancy
yBGgzDZz1wU-00490-00122820-00123095 they did a good it was a knock at the
yBGgzDZz1wU-00491-00123096-00123323 door and Walter Phelan called out come
yBGgzDZz1wU-00492-00123324-00123604 in a Zan stood in the doorway
yBGgzDZz1wU-00493-00123605-00124073 hello George said Walter hello Walter
yBGgzDZz1wU-00494-00124074-00124265 said the Zan
yBGgzDZz1wU-00495-00124266-00124528 it may or may not have been the same Zan
yBGgzDZz1wU-00496-00124529-00124786 but it was always the same ritual
yBGgzDZz1wU-00497-00124788-00125140 what's on your mind Walter asked and of
yBGgzDZz1wU-00498-00125141-00125590 her creature sleeps and will not wake
yBGgzDZz1wU-00499-00125591-00126166 a small furry one called a weasel
yBGgzDZz1wU-00500-00126167-00126527 Walter Shrugged it happens George old
yBGgzDZz1wU-00501-00126528-00126821 man death I told you about him
yBGgzDZz1wU-00502-00126822-00127475 and worse a Zan has died this morning
yBGgzDZz1wU-00503-00127476-00127673 Walter looked at him blandly
yBGgzDZz1wU-00504-00127674-00127895 well George you'll have to get used to
yBGgzDZz1wU-00505-00127896-00128231 it if you're gonna stay around here
yBGgzDZz1wU-00506-00128232-00128507 Zan said nothing it stood there
yBGgzDZz1wU-00507-00128508-00128681 finally Walter said
yBGgzDZz1wU-00508-00128682-00128825 well
yBGgzDZz1wU-00509-00128826-00129095 uh about weasel
yBGgzDZz1wU-00510-00129096-00129484 you advise same
yBGgzDZz1wU-00511-00129485-00129664 Walter Shrugged again
yBGgzDZz1wU-00512-00129665-00129952 probably won't do any good but sure why
yBGgzDZz1wU-00513-00129953-00130066 not
yBGgzDZz1wU-00514-00130067-00130240 than Zan left
yBGgzDZz1wU-00515-00130241-00130433 Walter could hear his footsteps dying
yBGgzDZz1wU-00516-00130433-00130727 away outside he grinned it might work
yBGgzDZz1wU-00517-00130728-00131201 Martha he said Mar my name is Grace Mr
yBGgzDZz1wU-00518-00131202-00131440 Phelan what might work
yBGgzDZz1wU-00519-00131441-00131735 my name is Walter Grace you might as
yBGgzDZz1wU-00520-00131736-00131987 well get used to it you know Grace you
yBGgzDZz1wU-00521-00131988-00132299 do remind me a lot of Martha she was my
yBGgzDZz1wU-00522-00132300-00132502 wife she died a couple of years ago
yBGgzDZz1wU-00523-00132503-00132851 I'm sorry said Grace but what might work
yBGgzDZz1wU-00524-00132852-00133114 what were you talking about to the Zan
yBGgzDZz1wU-00525-00133115-00133451 and we'll know tomorrow Walter said and
yBGgzDZz1wU-00526-00133452-00133702 she couldn't get another word out of him
yBGgzDZz1wU-00527-00133703-00133931 that was the fourth day of the stay of
yBGgzDZz1wU-00528-00133932-00134051 the Zan
yBGgzDZz1wU-00529-00134052-00134309 the next was the last
yBGgzDZz1wU-00530-00134310-00134507 it was nearly noon when one of the Zan
yBGgzDZz1wU-00531-00134508-00134747 came after the ritual he stood in the
yBGgzDZz1wU-00532-00134748-00135064 doorway looking more alien than ever it
yBGgzDZz1wU-00533-00135065-00135239 would be interesting to describe him for
yBGgzDZz1wU-00534-00135240-00135473 you but there aren't words
yBGgzDZz1wU-00535-00135474-00136019 he said we go our Council met and decide
yBGgzDZz1wU-00536-00136020-00136151 dead
yBGgzDZz1wU-00537-00136152-00136378 another of you died
yBGgzDZz1wU-00538-00136379-00137009 last night this is planet of death
yBGgzDZz1wU-00539-00137010-00137339 Walter nodded you did your share you're
yBGgzDZz1wU-00540-00137340-00137716 leaving 213 creatures alive out of quite
yBGgzDZz1wU-00541-00137717-00138119 a few billion don't hurry back
yBGgzDZz1wU-00542-00138120-00138652 is there any thing we can do
yBGgzDZz1wU-00543-00138653-00139025 yes you can hurry and you can leave our
yBGgzDZz1wU-00544-00139026-00139313 door unlocked but not the others we'll
yBGgzDZz1wU-00545-00139314-00139511 take care of the others
yBGgzDZz1wU-00546-00139512-00139775 something clicked on the door the Zan
yBGgzDZz1wU-00547-00139776-00139889 left
yBGgzDZz1wU-00548-00139890-00140104 Grace Evans was standing her eyes
yBGgzDZz1wU-00549-00140105-00140249 Shining
yBGgzDZz1wU-00550-00140250-00140740 she asked what how wait cautioned Walter
yBGgzDZz1wU-00551-00140741-00141023 let's hear them blast off it's a sound I
yBGgzDZz1wU-00552-00141024-00141239 want to remember
yBGgzDZz1wU-00553-00141240-00141509 the sound came within minutes and Walter
yBGgzDZz1wU-00554-00141510-00141737 Phelan realizing how rigidly he'd been
yBGgzDZz1wU-00555-00141738-00142104 holding himself relaxed in his chair
yBGgzDZz1wU-00556-00142105-00142390 there was a snake in the Garden of Eden
yBGgzDZz1wU-00557-00142391-00142714 too Grace and it got us in trouble he
yBGgzDZz1wU-00558-00142715-00142943 said amusingly but this one made up for
yBGgzDZz1wU-00559-00142944-00143189 it I mean the mates of the snake that
yBGgzDZz1wU-00560-00143190-00143423 died day before yesterday it was a
yBGgzDZz1wU-00561-00143424-00143578 rattlesnake
yBGgzDZz1wU-00562-00143579-00143843 you mean it killed the two Zan who died
yBGgzDZz1wU-00563-00143844-00144197 but Walter nodded they were babes in the
yBGgzDZz1wU-00564-00144198-00144407 woods here when they took me to look at
yBGgzDZz1wU-00565-00144408-00144652 the first creatures who were asleep and
yBGgzDZz1wU-00566-00144653-00144940 wouldn't wake up and I saw that one of
yBGgzDZz1wU-00567-00144941-00145219 them was a rattler I had an idea Grace
yBGgzDZz1wU-00568-00145220-00145535 just maybe I thought poison creatures
yBGgzDZz1wU-00569-00145536-00145835 were a development peculiar to Earth and
yBGgzDZz1wU-00570-00145836-00146135 the Zan wouldn't know about them and two
yBGgzDZz1wU-00571-00146136-00146333 maybe their metabolism was enough like
yBGgzDZz1wU-00572-00146334-00146590 ours so that the poison would kill them
yBGgzDZz1wU-00573-00146591-00146831 anyway I had nothing to lose trying and
yBGgzDZz1wU-00574-00146832-00147149 both maybes turned out to be right
yBGgzDZz1wU-00575-00147150-00147371 how did you get the snake to
yBGgzDZz1wU-00576-00147372-00147659 Walter Phelan Grand he said I told him
yBGgzDZz1wU-00577-00147660-00147952 what affection was they didn't know they
yBGgzDZz1wU-00578-00147953-00148157 were interested I found in preserving
yBGgzDZz1wU-00579-00148158-00148390 the remaining one of each species as
yBGgzDZz1wU-00580-00148391-00148601 long as possible to study the picture
yBGgzDZz1wU-00581-00148602-00148907 and record it before it died I told him
yBGgzDZz1wU-00582-00148908-00149099 it would die immediately because of the
yBGgzDZz1wU-00583-00149100-00149416 loss of its mate unless it had affection
yBGgzDZz1wU-00584-00149417-00149843 and petting constantly I showed them how
yBGgzDZz1wU-00585-00149844-00150125 with the duck luckily it was a tame one
yBGgzDZz1wU-00586-00150126-00150316 and I held it against my chest and
yBGgzDZz1wU-00587-00150317-00150581 petted it for a while to show them then
yBGgzDZz1wU-00588-00150582-00150814 I let them take over with it and the
yBGgzDZz1wU-00589-00150815-00150977 rattlesnake
yBGgzDZz1wU-00590-00150978-00151193 he stood up and stretched and then sat
yBGgzDZz1wU-00591-00151194-00151378 down again more comfortably
yBGgzDZz1wU-00592-00151379-00151787 well we got a world to plan he said
yBGgzDZz1wU-00593-00151788-00152045 I'll let the animals out of the Ark and
yBGgzDZz1wU-00594-00152046-00152249 that'll take some thinking and deciding
yBGgzDZz1wU-00595-00152250-00152531 the wild herbivores well we can let them
yBGgzDZz1wU-00596-00152532-00152795 go right away the domestic ones will do
yBGgzDZz1wU-00597-00152796-00152999 better to keep and take charge of we'll
yBGgzDZz1wU-00598-00153000-00153389 need them but the Carnivora well we'll
yBGgzDZz1wU-00599-00153390-00153509 have to decide
yBGgzDZz1wU-00600-00153510-00153761 and I'm afraid it's got to be thumbs
yBGgzDZz1wU-00601-00153762-00153875 down
yBGgzDZz1wU-00602-00153876-00154193 you looked at her and the human race
yBGgzDZz1wU-00603-00154194-00154426 we got to make a decision about that
yBGgzDZz1wU-00604-00154427-00154673 pretty important one
yBGgzDZz1wU-00605-00154674-00154901 her face was getting a little pink again
yBGgzDZz1wU-00606-00154902-00155111 as it had yesterday
yBGgzDZz1wU-00607-00155112-00155537 she sat rigidly in her chair no she said
yBGgzDZz1wU-00608-00155538-00155771 he didn't seem to have hurt her it's
yBGgzDZz1wU-00609-00155772-00156089 been a nice race even if nobody won he
yBGgzDZz1wU-00610-00156090-00156335 said it'll be starting over again now
yBGgzDZz1wU-00611-00156336-00156593 and it may go backward for a while until
yBGgzDZz1wU-00612-00156594-00156814 it gets its breath but we can gather
yBGgzDZz1wU-00613-00156815-00157013 books for it and keep most of its
yBGgzDZz1wU-00614-00157014-00157247 knowledge intact the important things
yBGgzDZz1wU-00615-00157248-00157678 anyway we can he broke up as she got up
yBGgzDZz1wU-00616-00157679-00157835 and started for the door
yBGgzDZz1wU-00617-00157836-00158057 just the way his Martha would have acted
yBGgzDZz1wU-00618-00158058-00158290 he thought back in the days when he was
yBGgzDZz1wU-00619-00158291-00158531 courting her before they were married
yBGgzDZz1wU-00620-00158532-00158831 he said take it over my dear and take
yBGgzDZz1wU-00621-00158832-00159119 your time but come back
yBGgzDZz1wU-00622-00159120-00159281 the door slammed
yBGgzDZz1wU-00623-00159282-00159569 he sat waiting thinking out all the
yBGgzDZz1wU-00624-00159570-00159766 things there were to do once he started
yBGgzDZz1wU-00625-00159767-00160097 but is in no hurry to start them and
yBGgzDZz1wU-00626-00160098-00160264 after a while he heard her hesitant
yBGgzDZz1wU-00627-00160265-00160469 footsteps coming back
yBGgzDZz1wU-00628-00160470-00160661 he smiled a little
yBGgzDZz1wU-00629-00160662-00160775 see
yBGgzDZz1wU-00630-00160776-00161051 it wasn't horrible really
yBGgzDZz1wU-00631-00161052-00161351 the last man on Earth sat alone in a
yBGgzDZz1wU-00632-00161352-00161459 room
yBGgzDZz1wU-00633-00161460-00161660 there was a knock on the door
yBGgzDZz1wU-00634-00161661-00162989 [Music]
yBGgzDZz1wU-00635-00162990-00163204 thanks for listening if you like the
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yBGgzDZz1wU-00659-00169091-00169276 stories or the authors can be found in
yBGgzDZz1wU-00660-00169277-00169397 the show notes
yBGgzDZz1wU-00661-00169398-00169745 knock was written by Frederick Brown
yBGgzDZz1wU-00662-00169746-00169966 where darkness is a production of marlar
yBGgzDZz1wU-00663-00169967-00170099 House Productions
yBGgzDZz1wU-00664-00170100-00170237 and now that we're coming out of the
yBGgzDZz1wU-00665-00170238-00170525 dark I'll leave you with a little light
yBGgzDZz1wU-00666-00170526-00170783 First Timothy 1 verse 15.
yBGgzDZz1wU-00667-00170784-00170993 here is a trustworthy saying that
yBGgzDZz1wU-00668-00170994-00171197 deserves full acceptance
yBGgzDZz1wU-00669-00171198-00171485 Christ Jesus came into the world to save
yBGgzDZz1wU-00670-00171486-00171952 sinners of whom I am the worst
yBGgzDZz1wU-00671-00171953-00172114 and a final thought
yBGgzDZz1wU-00672-00172115-00172289 believe in yourself
yBGgzDZz1wU-00673-00172290-00172666 push your limits experience life conquer
yBGgzDZz1wU-00674-00172667-00173021 your goals and be happy
yBGgzDZz1wU-00675-00173022-00173369 I'm Darren marlar thanks for joining me
yBGgzDZz1wU-00676-00173370-00174026 in the weird Darkness
yBGgzDZz1wU-00677-00174027-00174502 [Music]
yBVTH0yUjHM-00000-00000152-00000271 in this video we're just going to go
yBVTH0yUjHM-00001-00000272-00000559 over a basic introduction into limits
yBVTH0yUjHM-00002-00000560-00000831 and how to evaluate them analytically
yBVTH0yUjHM-00003-00000832-00000991 and graphically
yBVTH0yUjHM-00004-00000992-00001207 so here's a simple example
yBVTH0yUjHM-00005-00001208-00001439 let's say if we want to find the limit
yBVTH0yUjHM-00006-00001440-00001647 as x approaches two
yBVTH0yUjHM-00007-00001648-00001934 of the function x squared minus four
yBVTH0yUjHM-00008-00001935-00002359 divided by x minus two
yBVTH0yUjHM-00009-00002360-00002542 so how can we do so
yBVTH0yUjHM-00010-00002543-00002687 well one way is to use direct
yBVTH0yUjHM-00011-00002688-00002847 substitution
yBVTH0yUjHM-00012-00002848-00003134 if we plug in two
yBVTH0yUjHM-00013-00003135-00003422 notice what will happen
yBVTH0yUjHM-00014-00003423-00003622 two squared is four four minus four is
yBVTH0yUjHM-00015-00003623-00003735 zero
yBVTH0yUjHM-00016-00003736-00003967 so zero over zero is undefined
yBVTH0yUjHM-00017-00003968-00004070 which
yBVTH0yUjHM-00018-00004071-00004495 we don't know what value that represents
yBVTH0yUjHM-00019-00004496-00004647 now sometimes
yBVTH0yUjHM-00020-00004648-00004879 you could find the limit by plugging a
yBVTH0yUjHM-00021-00004880-00005111 value that's close to two
yBVTH0yUjHM-00022-00005112-00005254 and that's what you want to do you want
yBVTH0yUjHM-00023-00005255-00005415 to plug in a number that's close to two
yBVTH0yUjHM-00024-00005416-00005575 but not exactly two
yBVTH0yUjHM-00025-00005576-00005702 so for example
yBVTH0yUjHM-00026-00005703-00005934 let's call this f of x
yBVTH0yUjHM-00027-00005935-00006431 so let's calculate f of 1.9
yBVTH0yUjHM-00028-00006431-00006575 and let's see
yBVTH0yUjHM-00029-00006576-00006806 what's going to happen
yBVTH0yUjHM-00030-00006808-00007031 actually let's make it 2.1
yBVTH0yUjHM-00031-00007031-00007167 so let's get a positive answer instead
yBVTH0yUjHM-00032-00007168-00008214 of a negative one
yBVTH0yUjHM-00033-00008215-00008446 two point one squared
yBVTH0yUjHM-00034-00008447-00008599 minus 4
yBVTH0yUjHM-00035-00008600-00008767 that's about
yBVTH0yUjHM-00036-00008768-00008951 0.41
yBVTH0yUjHM-00037-00008952-00009255 and 2.1 minus 2 is 0.1
yBVTH0yUjHM-00038-00009256-00009495 so this is going to be
yBVTH0yUjHM-00039-00009496-00009799 4.1
yBVTH0yUjHM-00040-00009800-00010063 now what if we pick a value that's even
yBVTH0yUjHM-00041-00010064-00010319 closer to 2 for example
yBVTH0yUjHM-00042-00010320-00011135 let's try 2.01
yBVTH0yUjHM-00043-00011136-00011303 so if you type this in the way you see
yBVTH0yUjHM-00044-00011304-00011471 it in your calculator you may have to
yBVTH0yUjHM-00045-00011472-00011846 put this in parenthesis
yBVTH0yUjHM-00046-00011847-00012242 you should get
yBVTH0yUjHM-00047-00012243-00012438 4.01
yBVTH0yUjHM-00048-00012439-00012655 so notice what's happening
yBVTH0yUjHM-00049-00012656-00012919 as we get closer and closer to two
yBVTH0yUjHM-00050-00012919-00013158 the limit approaches four
yBVTH0yUjHM-00051-00013159-00013375 so we could therefore say that the limit
yBVTH0yUjHM-00052-00013376-00013638 as x approaches two of this function
yBVTH0yUjHM-00053-00013640-00013822 is equal to four
yBVTH0yUjHM-00054-00013823-00014038 and this technique works for any limit
yBVTH0yUjHM-00055-00014040-00014294 as long as you plug in a number that's
yBVTH0yUjHM-00056-00014295-00014486 very close to whatever this number is
yBVTH0yUjHM-00057-00014487-00014711 but not exactly that number
yBVTH0yUjHM-00058-00014712-00014863 if the limit exists it's going to
yBVTH0yUjHM-00059-00014863-00015183 converge to a certain value
yBVTH0yUjHM-00060-00015184-00015383 now sometimes
yBVTH0yUjHM-00061-00015384-00015622 you have to use other techniques to get
yBVTH0yUjHM-00062-00015623-00015758 the answer
yBVTH0yUjHM-00063-00015759-00015935 in this particular example
yBVTH0yUjHM-00064-00015936-00016079 we could factor
yBVTH0yUjHM-00065-00016080-00016294 x squared minus four you can write it as
yBVTH0yUjHM-00066-00016295-00016455 x plus two
yBVTH0yUjHM-00067-00016456-00016863 times x minus two
yBVTH0yUjHM-00068-00016864-00016991 now we need to rewrite the limit
yBVTH0yUjHM-00069-00016992-00017103 expression
yBVTH0yUjHM-00070-00017104-00017407 until we replace x with two
yBVTH0yUjHM-00071-00017408-00017599 now notice that we can cancel x minus
yBVTH0yUjHM-00072-00017600-00017727 two
yBVTH0yUjHM-00073-00017728-00017927 so when this term is gone
yBVTH0yUjHM-00074-00017928-00018094 we can now use direct substitution
yBVTH0yUjHM-00075-00018095-00018183 because
yBVTH0yUjHM-00076-00018184-00018383 the x minus two factor was giving us a
yBVTH0yUjHM-00077-00018384-00018614 zero in the denominator which we don't
yBVTH0yUjHM-00078-00018615-00018830 want so now all we need to do is find
yBVTH0yUjHM-00079-00018831-00018927 the limit
yBVTH0yUjHM-00080-00018928-00019311 as x approaches two of x plus two
yBVTH0yUjHM-00081-00019312-00019550 so now we can replace x with two and two
yBVTH0yUjHM-00082-00019551-00019719 plus two is four
yBVTH0yUjHM-00083-00019720-00019879 and so that's the limit
yBVTH0yUjHM-00084-00019880-00020214 it approaches a value of 4.
yBVTH0yUjHM-00085-00020215-00020519 now let's look at another example
yBVTH0yUjHM-00086-00020520-00020711 what is the limit
yBVTH0yUjHM-00087-00020712-00021158 as x approaches 5
yBVTH0yUjHM-00088-00021159-00021607 of x squared plus two x minus four
yBVTH0yUjHM-00089-00021608-00021807 so notice that we don't have a fraction
yBVTH0yUjHM-00090-00021808-00021958 we're not going to get a zero in the
yBVTH0yUjHM-00091-00021959-00022239 denominator so for a question like this
yBVTH0yUjHM-00092-00022240-00022447 you can use direct substitution so all
yBVTH0yUjHM-00093-00022448-00022711 you got to do is plug in five
yBVTH0yUjHM-00094-00022712-00022958 so it's going to be five squared plus
yBVTH0yUjHM-00095-00022959-00023127 two times five
yBVTH0yUjHM-00096-00023128-00023286 minus four
yBVTH0yUjHM-00097-00023287-00023622 so that's 25 plus 10
yBVTH0yUjHM-00098-00023623-00023799 minus four
yBVTH0yUjHM-00099-00023800-00024086 and 25 plus 10 is 35.
yBVTH0yUjHM-00100-00024087-00024430 so the limit is going to be 31.
yBVTH0yUjHM-00101-00024431-00024735 and so that's it for that example
yBVTH0yUjHM-00102-00024736-00024878 but now what about this one what is the
yBVTH0yUjHM-00103-00024879-00025030 limit
yBVTH0yUjHM-00104-00025031-00025342 as x approaches 3
yBVTH0yUjHM-00105-00025343-00025662 of x cubed minus 27
yBVTH0yUjHM-00106-00025663-00025958 over x minus 3.
yBVTH0yUjHM-00107-00025960-00026158 now if we try to plug in 3 it's going to
yBVTH0yUjHM-00108-00026160-00026470 be 0 over 0 so we don't want to do that
yBVTH0yUjHM-00109-00026472-00026662 in this case if you have a fraction like
yBVTH0yUjHM-00110-00026663-00026846 this see if you can factor
yBVTH0yUjHM-00111-00026847-00026990 the expression
yBVTH0yUjHM-00112-00026991-00027374 so how can we factor x cubed minus 27
yBVTH0yUjHM-00113-00027375-00027623 so what we have is a difference of cubes
yBVTH0yUjHM-00114-00027624-00027758 and whenever you see that you can use
yBVTH0yUjHM-00115-00027760-00028079 this formula aq minus b cubed
yBVTH0yUjHM-00116-00028080-00028343 is a minus b
yBVTH0yUjHM-00117-00028344-00028614 times a squared plus
yBVTH0yUjHM-00118-00028616-00028718 a b
yBVTH0yUjHM-00119-00028719-00028974 plus b squared
yBVTH0yUjHM-00120-00028975-00029135 so in our example
yBVTH0yUjHM-00121-00029136-00029358 a to the third is like x to the third
yBVTH0yUjHM-00122-00029360-00029807 and b to the third is 27.
yBVTH0yUjHM-00123-00029808-00030070 so a is the cube root of x cubed which
yBVTH0yUjHM-00124-00030072-00030423 is x
yBVTH0yUjHM-00125-00030424-00030679 and b is the cube root of 27 which is
yBVTH0yUjHM-00126-00030680-00030774 three
yBVTH0yUjHM-00127-00030775-00031014 so this is going to be x minus 3
yBVTH0yUjHM-00128-00031016-00031383 and then a squared that's x squared
yBVTH0yUjHM-00129-00031383-00031727 and then plus a b so that's 3 times x
yBVTH0yUjHM-00130-00031727-00031911 and then plus b squared or 3 squared
yBVTH0yUjHM-00131-00031912-00032270 which is 9.
yBVTH0yUjHM-00132-00032272-00032502 so now we can cancel the factor x minus
yBVTH0yUjHM-00133-00032503-00032711 three
yBVTH0yUjHM-00134-00032712-00032951 so what we have left over is the limit
yBVTH0yUjHM-00135-00032952-00033199 as x approaches three
yBVTH0yUjHM-00136-00033200-00033583 of x squared plus three x plus nine
yBVTH0yUjHM-00137-00033584-00033790 so at this point we now can use direct
yBVTH0yUjHM-00138-00033791-00033951 substitution
yBVTH0yUjHM-00139-00033952-00034159 so it's three squared plus
yBVTH0yUjHM-00140-00034160-00034351 three times three
yBVTH0yUjHM-00141-00034352-00034511 plus nine
yBVTH0yUjHM-00142-00034512-00034807 which is nine plus nine plus nine
yBVTH0yUjHM-00143-00034808-00034983 adding nine three times is basically
yBVTH0yUjHM-00144-00034984-00035223 multiplying nine by three
yBVTH0yUjHM-00145-00035224-00035446 and so this limit is equal to
yBVTH0yUjHM-00146-00035447-00035767 twenty-seven
yBVTH0yUjHM-00147-00035768-00035895 now here's another problem that you can
yBVTH0yUjHM-00148-00035896-00036135 work on
yBVTH0yUjHM-00149-00036136-00036318 so what is the limit
yBVTH0yUjHM-00150-00036319-00036559 as x approaches
yBVTH0yUjHM-00151-00036560-00036759 three
yBVTH0yUjHM-00152-00036760-00037062 of one over x minus one over three
yBVTH0yUjHM-00153-00037063-00037287 divided by x minus three
yBVTH0yUjHM-00154-00037288-00037455 so for these examples feel free to pause
yBVTH0yUjHM-00155-00037456-00037646 the video if you want to and try these
yBVTH0yUjHM-00156-00037647-00037759 problems
yBVTH0yUjHM-00157-00037760-00037935 so in this example we have a complex
yBVTH0yUjHM-00158-00037936-00038095 fraction
yBVTH0yUjHM-00159-00038096-00038262 so what do you do in a situation like
yBVTH0yUjHM-00160-00038263-00038390 this
yBVTH0yUjHM-00161-00038391-00038615 if you get a complex fraction what i
yBVTH0yUjHM-00162-00038616-00038807 recommend is to multiply the top and the
yBVTH0yUjHM-00163-00038808-00038911 bottom
yBVTH0yUjHM-00164-00038912-00039127 by the common denominator of those two
yBVTH0yUjHM-00165-00039128-00039246 fractions
yBVTH0yUjHM-00166-00039247-00039655 that is by x and by 3. so i'm going to
yBVTH0yUjHM-00167-00039656-00039855 multiply the top and the bottom
yBVTH0yUjHM-00168-00039856-00040246 by 3x
yBVTH0yUjHM-00169-00040247-00040559 so if we multiply 3x by 1 over x
yBVTH0yUjHM-00170-00040560-00040951 the x variables will cancel
yBVTH0yUjHM-00171-00040952-00041087 and so what we're going to have left
yBVTH0yUjHM-00172-00041088-00041246 over
yBVTH0yUjHM-00173-00041247-00041390 is simply 3
yBVTH0yUjHM-00174-00041391-00041679 and if we multiply 3x by 1 over 3
yBVTH0yUjHM-00175-00041680-00041943 the 3s will cancel leaving behind x but
yBVTH0yUjHM-00176-00041944-00042190 there's a negative sign in front of it
yBVTH0yUjHM-00177-00042191-00042383 now for the terms on the bottom i'm
yBVTH0yUjHM-00178-00042384-00042646 going to leave it in its factored form
yBVTH0yUjHM-00179-00042647-00043015 so notice that 3 minus x and x minus 3
yBVTH0yUjHM-00180-00043016-00043367 are very similar
yBVTH0yUjHM-00181-00043368-00043558 if you see a situation like this
yBVTH0yUjHM-00182-00043559-00043855 factor out a negative one
yBVTH0yUjHM-00183-00043856-00043999 if we take out a negative one the
yBVTH0yUjHM-00184-00044000-00044135 negative x
yBVTH0yUjHM-00185-00044136-00044351 will change to positive x
yBVTH0yUjHM-00186-00044352-00044518 and positive three
yBVTH0yUjHM-00187-00044519-00044999 will change to negative three
yBVTH0yUjHM-00188-00045000-00045207 so notice that we can cancel
yBVTH0yUjHM-00189-00045208-00045590 the x minus 3 factor at this point
yBVTH0yUjHM-00190-00045591-00045815 and so what we have left over
yBVTH0yUjHM-00191-00045816-00046167 is the limit as x approaches 3
yBVTH0yUjHM-00192-00046168-00046462 of negative 1 over three x
yBVTH0yUjHM-00193-00046463-00046702 so now we can use direct substitution
yBVTH0yUjHM-00194-00046703-00046943 so let's replace x with three
yBVTH0yUjHM-00195-00046944-00047158 so it's going to be three times three
yBVTH0yUjHM-00196-00047159-00047446 which is nine so the final answer
yBVTH0yUjHM-00197-00047447-00047590 is negative one
yBVTH0yUjHM-00198-00047591-00047751 divided by nine
yBVTH0yUjHM-00199-00047752-00048079 so now you know how to evaluate limits
yBVTH0yUjHM-00200-00048080-00048246 that are associated with complex
yBVTH0yUjHM-00201-00048247-00048574 fractions
yBVTH0yUjHM-00202-00048575-00048935 so here's another example
yBVTH0yUjHM-00203-00048936-00049086 what is the limit
yBVTH0yUjHM-00204-00049087-00049239 as x approaches
yBVTH0yUjHM-00205-00049240-00049374 nine
yBVTH0yUjHM-00206-00049375-00049671 of square root x minus three
yBVTH0yUjHM-00207-00049672-00049911 over x minus nine
yBVTH0yUjHM-00208-00049912-00050062 so what should we do if we're dealing
yBVTH0yUjHM-00209-00050063-00050239 with square roots
yBVTH0yUjHM-00210-00050240-00050374 what i recommend
yBVTH0yUjHM-00211-00050375-00050543 is to multiply the top and the bottom by
yBVTH0yUjHM-00212-00050544-00050646 the conjugate
yBVTH0yUjHM-00213-00050647-00050783 of the expression that has the square
yBVTH0yUjHM-00214-00050784-00051015 root
yBVTH0yUjHM-00215-00051016-00051223 so the conjugate of square root x minus
yBVTH0yUjHM-00216-00051224-00052190 3 is square root x plus 3.
yBVTH0yUjHM-00217-00052191-00052414 so in the numerator we need to foil
yBVTH0yUjHM-00218-00052415-00052607 so the square root of x times the square
yBVTH0yUjHM-00219-00052608-00052735 root of x
yBVTH0yUjHM-00220-00052736-00052991 is the square root of x squared which is
yBVTH0yUjHM-00221-00052991-00053215 simply x
yBVTH0yUjHM-00222-00053216-00053366 and then we have the square root of x
yBVTH0yUjHM-00223-00053367-00053503 times three
yBVTH0yUjHM-00224-00053504-00053694 so that's going to be plus
yBVTH0yUjHM-00225-00053695-00053903 three square root x and then these two
yBVTH0yUjHM-00226-00053904-00054007 will form
yBVTH0yUjHM-00227-00054008-00054263 negative three square root x
yBVTH0yUjHM-00228-00054264-00054454 and finally we have negative three times
yBVTH0yUjHM-00229-00054455-00054750 positive three which is negative nine
yBVTH0yUjHM-00230-00054751-00054894 now on the bottom
yBVTH0yUjHM-00231-00054895-00055007 i'm not going to foil the two
yBVTH0yUjHM-00232-00055008-00055191 expressions i'm gonna leave it the way
yBVTH0yUjHM-00233-00055191-00055407 it is because my goal is to get rid of
yBVTH0yUjHM-00234-00055408-00055750 the x minus nine i want to cancel it
yBVTH0yUjHM-00235-00055751-00055935 so now negative three and positive three
yBVTH0yUjHM-00236-00055936-00056119 add up to zero
yBVTH0yUjHM-00237-00056120-00056375 so what we have left over is the limit
yBVTH0yUjHM-00238-00056376-00056575 as x approaches 9
yBVTH0yUjHM-00239-00056576-00056775 of x minus 9
yBVTH0yUjHM-00240-00056776-00056942 divided by
yBVTH0yUjHM-00241-00056944-00057215 x minus 9 times the square root of x
yBVTH0yUjHM-00242-00057216-00057407 plus 3.
yBVTH0yUjHM-00243-00057408-00057607 so now at this point notice that we can
yBVTH0yUjHM-00244-00057608-00057838 cancel x minus nine
yBVTH0yUjHM-00245-00057839-00058023 and so what we have left over
yBVTH0yUjHM-00246-00058024-00058319 is the limit as x approaches nine
yBVTH0yUjHM-00247-00058320-00058479 of one over
yBVTH0yUjHM-00248-00058479-00058879 square root x plus three
yBVTH0yUjHM-00249-00058879-00059038 so now what we can do
yBVTH0yUjHM-00250-00059039-00059326 is replace x with nine so i'm just going
yBVTH0yUjHM-00251-00059327-00059479 to continue up here
yBVTH0yUjHM-00252-00059479-00059766 so it's going to be 1 over square root 9
yBVTH0yUjHM-00253-00059767-00059894 plus 3
yBVTH0yUjHM-00254-00059895-00060111 and the square root of 9
yBVTH0yUjHM-00255-00060112-00060263 is 3
yBVTH0yUjHM-00256-00060264-00060454 and 3 plus three is six so the final
yBVTH0yUjHM-00257-00060455-00060566 answer
yBVTH0yUjHM-00258-00060567-00061294 is one over six
yBVTH0yUjHM-00259-00061295-00061463 now let's look at this example
yBVTH0yUjHM-00260-00061464-00061766 what is the limit as x approaches four
yBVTH0yUjHM-00261-00061767-00061919 of the expression
yBVTH0yUjHM-00262-00061920-00062135 one over square root x
yBVTH0yUjHM-00263-00062136-00062391 minus one over two
yBVTH0yUjHM-00264-00062391-00062742 divided by x minus four
yBVTH0yUjHM-00265-00062744-00063023 so this time we have a complex fraction
yBVTH0yUjHM-00266-00063024-00063111 with
yBVTH0yUjHM-00267-00063112-00063294 radicals
yBVTH0yUjHM-00268-00063295-00063454 that means we need to multiply the top
yBVTH0yUjHM-00269-00063455-00063647 and the bottom not only by the common
yBVTH0yUjHM-00270-00063648-00063926 denominator but also by the conjugate
yBVTH0yUjHM-00271-00063927-00064030 but let's start with a common
yBVTH0yUjHM-00272-00064032-00064254 denominator so i'm going to multiply the
yBVTH0yUjHM-00273-00064255-00064415 top and the bottom
yBVTH0yUjHM-00274-00064416-00064726 by these two that is
yBVTH0yUjHM-00275-00064727-00065206 by 2 square root x
yBVTH0yUjHM-00276-00065207-00065463 so when i multiply 1 over square root x
yBVTH0yUjHM-00277-00065464-00065711 times 2 square root x
yBVTH0yUjHM-00278-00065712-00065943 the square root x terms will cancel
yBVTH0yUjHM-00279-00065944-00066143 leaving behind positive two so i have
yBVTH0yUjHM-00280-00066144-00066294 the limit
yBVTH0yUjHM-00281-00066295-00066543 as x approaches four
yBVTH0yUjHM-00282-00066544-00066726 with a two on top
yBVTH0yUjHM-00283-00066727-00066919 and if i multiply these two the twos
yBVTH0yUjHM-00284-00066920-00067071 will cancel leaving behind the square
yBVTH0yUjHM-00285-00067072-00067199 root of x
yBVTH0yUjHM-00286-00067200-00067367 and so on the bottom i have 2 square
yBVTH0yUjHM-00287-00067368-00067487 root x
yBVTH0yUjHM-00288-00067488-00067759 times x minus 4.
yBVTH0yUjHM-00289-00067760-00067919 so now my next step
yBVTH0yUjHM-00290-00067920-00068079 is to multiply the top and the bottom by
yBVTH0yUjHM-00291-00068080-00068215 the conjugate
yBVTH0yUjHM-00292-00068216-00068423 of the radical expression that is by 2
yBVTH0yUjHM-00293-00068424-00068526 plus
yBVTH0yUjHM-00294-00068527-00068847 square root x
yBVTH0yUjHM-00295-00068848-00069006 now i'm only going to foil the top part
yBVTH0yUjHM-00296-00069007-00069167 not the bottom
yBVTH0yUjHM-00297-00069168-00069406 so we have 2 times 2
yBVTH0yUjHM-00298-00069407-00070094 which is 4
yBVTH0yUjHM-00299-00070095-00070279 and then we have 2 times the square root
yBVTH0yUjHM-00300-00070280-00070663 of x
yBVTH0yUjHM-00301-00070664-00070815 and then these two that's going to be
yBVTH0yUjHM-00302-00070816-00071071 negative 2 square root x
yBVTH0yUjHM-00303-00071072-00071231 and negative square root x times
yBVTH0yUjHM-00304-00071232-00071438 positive square root x
yBVTH0yUjHM-00305-00071439-00071582 is going to be
yBVTH0yUjHM-00306-00071583-00071831 negative square root x squared which is
yBVTH0yUjHM-00307-00071832-00072015 negative x
yBVTH0yUjHM-00308-00072016-00072206 and in the denominator
yBVTH0yUjHM-00309-00072207-00072647 don't foil just rewrite what you have
yBVTH0yUjHM-00310-00072648-00072806 if you follow these steps
yBVTH0yUjHM-00311-00072807-00073047 it won't be that difficult so now 2 and
yBVTH0yUjHM-00312-00073048-00073255 negative 2 adds up to 0.
yBVTH0yUjHM-00313-00073256-00073550 so what we have left over is the limit
yBVTH0yUjHM-00314-00073551-00073847 as x approaches 4
yBVTH0yUjHM-00315-00073848-00074055 of 4 minus x
yBVTH0yUjHM-00316-00074056-00074191 divided by
yBVTH0yUjHM-00317-00074192-00074694 all the stuff that we have on the bottom
yBVTH0yUjHM-00318-00074695-00074855 now what we're going to do at this point
yBVTH0yUjHM-00319-00074856-00075047 is we're going to factor out a negative
yBVTH0yUjHM-00320-00075048-00075159 one
yBVTH0yUjHM-00321-00075160-00075367 so this is now the limit
yBVTH0yUjHM-00322-00075368-00075615 as x approaches four
yBVTH0yUjHM-00323-00075616-00075919 so negative one and
yBVTH0yUjHM-00324-00075920-00076103 this is going to change to positive x
yBVTH0yUjHM-00325-00076104-00076238 and plus 4 is going to change to
yBVTH0yUjHM-00326-00076239-00076903 negative 4 just like we did before
yBVTH0yUjHM-00327-00076904-00077175 so now notice that we can cancel
yBVTH0yUjHM-00328-00077176-00078431 the x plus four terms at this point
yBVTH0yUjHM-00329-00078432-00079343 so this is what we have left over
yBVTH0yUjHM-00330-00079344-00079615 so now let's replace x with four
yBVTH0yUjHM-00331-00079616-00079775 so it's negative one
yBVTH0yUjHM-00332-00079776-00079935 divided by two
yBVTH0yUjHM-00333-00079936-00080079 square root four
yBVTH0yUjHM-00334-00080080-00080294 times two plus
yBVTH0yUjHM-00335-00080295-00080599 square root four
yBVTH0yUjHM-00336-00080600-00080799 so the square root of four
yBVTH0yUjHM-00337-00080800-00081150 is two
yBVTH0yUjHM-00338-00081151-00081359 and two times two
yBVTH0yUjHM-00339-00081360-00081543 that's going to be four and two plus two
yBVTH0yUjHM-00340-00081544-00081638 is four
yBVTH0yUjHM-00341-00081639-00081894 and four times four is sixteen
yBVTH0yUjHM-00342-00081895-00082167 so the final answer is negative one
yBVTH0yUjHM-00343-00082168-00082391 divided by sixteen
yBVTH0yUjHM-00344-00082392-00082694 and so that's going to be the limit
yBVTH0yUjHM-00345-00082695-00082887 now let's talk about how to evaluate
yBVTH0yUjHM-00346-00082888-00083143 limits graphically
yBVTH0yUjHM-00347-00083144-00083287 so let's say
yBVTH0yUjHM-00348-00083288-00083615 if we want to calculate the limit
yBVTH0yUjHM-00349-00083616-00083831 as x approaches
yBVTH0yUjHM-00350-00083832-00083967 negative 3
yBVTH0yUjHM-00351-00083968-00084279 from the left side
yBVTH0yUjHM-00352-00084280-00084447 and let's say this graph represents the
yBVTH0yUjHM-00353-00084448-00084623 function f of x
yBVTH0yUjHM-00354-00084624-00084903 so what can we do
yBVTH0yUjHM-00355-00084904-00085055 so to evaluate the limit you're looking
yBVTH0yUjHM-00356-00085056-00085326 for the y value so first identify where
yBVTH0yUjHM-00357-00085327-00085487 x is negative three
yBVTH0yUjHM-00358-00085488-00085679 x is negative 3 anywhere along that
yBVTH0yUjHM-00359-00085680-00085823 vertical line
yBVTH0yUjHM-00360-00085824-00086031 now we want to approach that vertical
yBVTH0yUjHM-00361-00086032-00086126 line
yBVTH0yUjHM-00362-00086127-00086287 from the left side
yBVTH0yUjHM-00363-00086288-00086423 so therefore you want to follow the
yBVTH0yUjHM-00364-00086424-00086518 curve
yBVTH0yUjHM-00365-00086519-00086687 from the left until you get to that
yBVTH0yUjHM-00366-00086688-00086838 point
yBVTH0yUjHM-00367-00086839-00086999 so notice that the y value here
yBVTH0yUjHM-00368-00087000-00087279 corresponds to positive one
yBVTH0yUjHM-00369-00087280-00087431 so therefore the limit
yBVTH0yUjHM-00370-00087432-00087687 as x approaches three from the left side
yBVTH0yUjHM-00371-00087688-00087799 is one
yBVTH0yUjHM-00372-00087800-00088055 now what about from the right side
yBVTH0yUjHM-00373-00088056-00088318 so you want to approach the
yBVTH0yUjHM-00374-00088319-00088503 vertical line at negative 3 from the
yBVTH0yUjHM-00375-00088504-00088599 right
yBVTH0yUjHM-00376-00088600-00088855 so we got to follow this curve
yBVTH0yUjHM-00377-00088856-00089079 so notice that the y value here
yBVTH0yUjHM-00378-00089080-00089526 is negative 3.
yBVTH0yUjHM-00379-00089527-00089682 so therefore the
yBVTH0yUjHM-00380-00089683-00089999 limit as x approaches negative three
yBVTH0yUjHM-00381-00090000-00090350 from the right side
yBVTH0yUjHM-00382-00090351-00090550 that's a negative three
yBVTH0yUjHM-00383-00090551-00090726 now what about the limit
yBVTH0yUjHM-00384-00090727-00090943 as x approaches negative three from
yBVTH0yUjHM-00385-00090944-00091279 either side
yBVTH0yUjHM-00386-00091280-00091423 if the left-sided limit and the
yBVTH0yUjHM-00387-00091424-00091655 right-sided limit are not the same then
yBVTH0yUjHM-00388-00091656-00092047 the limit does not exist
yBVTH0yUjHM-00389-00092048-00092238 so these two are known as one-sided
yBVTH0yUjHM-00390-00092239-00092526 limits
yBVTH0yUjHM-00391-00092527-00092775 now what about f of negative three
yBVTH0yUjHM-00392-00092776-00093015 what is the value of the function when x
yBVTH0yUjHM-00393-00093016-00093262 is negative three
yBVTH0yUjHM-00394-00093263-00093694 to find it identify the closed circle
yBVTH0yUjHM-00395-00093695-00094055 which has a y value of negative three so
yBVTH0yUjHM-00396-00094056-00095199 this is it
yBVTH0yUjHM-00397-00095200-00095503 now let's work on some more problems
yBVTH0yUjHM-00398-00095504-00095726 so what is the limit
yBVTH0yUjHM-00399-00095727-00095999 as x approaches
yBVTH0yUjHM-00400-00096000-00096215 negative two from the left side
yBVTH0yUjHM-00401-00096216-00096535 go ahead and try this one
yBVTH0yUjHM-00402-00096536-00096726 so identify the vertical line at
yBVTH0yUjHM-00403-00096727-00096950 negative two so we want to approach that
yBVTH0yUjHM-00404-00096951-00097047 line
yBVTH0yUjHM-00405-00097048-00097247 from the left side
yBVTH0yUjHM-00406-00097248-00097455 so notice that the y value
yBVTH0yUjHM-00407-00097456-00097967 is negative two
yBVTH0yUjHM-00408-00097968-00098118 so what is the limit
yBVTH0yUjHM-00409-00098119-00098367 as x approaches negative two from the
yBVTH0yUjHM-00410-00098368-00098735 right side
yBVTH0yUjHM-00411-00098736-00098879 so this time
yBVTH0yUjHM-00412-00098880-00099135 we want to approach the vertical line
yBVTH0yUjHM-00413-00099136-00099247 from the right
yBVTH0yUjHM-00414-00099248-00099447 and it points to the same value
yBVTH0yUjHM-00415-00099448-00099782 negative two
yBVTH0yUjHM-00416-00099783-00099967 so therefore the limit
yBVTH0yUjHM-00417-00099968-00100215 as x approaches negative two from either
yBVTH0yUjHM-00418-00100216-00100303 side
yBVTH0yUjHM-00419-00100304-00100462 does exist
yBVTH0yUjHM-00420-00100463-00100718 because these two they match
yBVTH0yUjHM-00421-00100719-00100882 so therefore it's going to be negative
yBVTH0yUjHM-00422-00100883-00101159 two now what is the function value when
yBVTH0yUjHM-00423-00101160-00101415 x is negative 2
yBVTH0yUjHM-00424-00101416-00101655 so look for the closed circle
yBVTH0yUjHM-00425-00101656-00101879 that's on this vertical line
yBVTH0yUjHM-00426-00101880-00102079 and so that's this point where the y
yBVTH0yUjHM-00427-00102080-00102510 value is positive 2.
yBVTH0yUjHM-00428-00102511-00102671 so as you can see
yBVTH0yUjHM-00429-00102672-00102982 is not very difficult to evaluate limits
yBVTH0yUjHM-00430-00102983-00103142 graphically
yBVTH0yUjHM-00431-00103143-00103247 now let me give you a new set of
yBVTH0yUjHM-00432-00103248-00103430 problems
yBVTH0yUjHM-00433-00103431-00103599 evaluate the limit
yBVTH0yUjHM-00434-00103600-00103934 as x approaches positive one
yBVTH0yUjHM-00435-00103935-00104494 from the left side
yBVTH0yUjHM-00436-00104495-00104647 from
yBVTH0yUjHM-00437-00104648-00105102 the right side
yBVTH0yUjHM-00438-00105103-00105302 and
yBVTH0yUjHM-00439-00105303-00105399 from
yBVTH0yUjHM-00440-00105400-00105615 either side
yBVTH0yUjHM-00441-00105616-00105886 and also find the function value when x
yBVTH0yUjHM-00442-00105888-00106215 is one
yBVTH0yUjHM-00443-00106216-00106302 so
yBVTH0yUjHM-00444-00106303-00106495 x is one anywhere along that vertical
yBVTH0yUjHM-00445-00106496-00106775 line so if we approach it from the left
yBVTH0yUjHM-00446-00106776-00107023 side notice that the y value
yBVTH0yUjHM-00447-00107024-00107278 is positive one there
yBVTH0yUjHM-00448-00107279-00107447 and if we approach it from the right
yBVTH0yUjHM-00449-00107448-00107558 side
yBVTH0yUjHM-00450-00107559-00107823 the y value is three
yBVTH0yUjHM-00451-00107824-00108078 so because these two do not match
yBVTH0yUjHM-00452-00108079-00108302 the limit as x approaches one
yBVTH0yUjHM-00453-00108303-00108607 does not exist
yBVTH0yUjHM-00454-00108608-00108775 now the function value at one is the
yBVTH0yUjHM-00455-00108776-00108902 closed circle
yBVTH0yUjHM-00456-00108903-00109623 which has a y value of two
yBVTH0yUjHM-00457-00109624-00109807 now here's the last set
yBVTH0yUjHM-00458-00109808-00110007 of problems like this
yBVTH0yUjHM-00459-00110008-00110199 what is the limit
yBVTH0yUjHM-00460-00110200-00110510 as x approaches positive 3
yBVTH0yUjHM-00461-00110511-00111039 from the left side
yBVTH0yUjHM-00462-00111040-00111199 and
yBVTH0yUjHM-00463-00111200-00111878 from the right side
yBVTH0yUjHM-00464-00111879-00112078 and from either side
yBVTH0yUjHM-00465-00112079-00112423 and then find the function value at 3.
yBVTH0yUjHM-00466-00112424-00112607 so notice that at x equals 3 we have
yBVTH0yUjHM-00467-00112608-00112863 this vertical asymptote
yBVTH0yUjHM-00468-00112864-00113095 so as x approaches 3 from the right i
yBVTH0yUjHM-00469-00113096-00113239 mean from the left side
yBVTH0yUjHM-00470-00113240-00113431 notice that it goes down to negative
yBVTH0yUjHM-00471-00113432-00113663 infinity
yBVTH0yUjHM-00472-00113664-00113951 and as we approach 3 from the right side
yBVTH0yUjHM-00473-00113952-00114127 it goes all the way up
yBVTH0yUjHM-00474-00114128-00114415 to positive infinity
yBVTH0yUjHM-00475-00114416-00114639 now these two do not match
yBVTH0yUjHM-00476-00114640-00115119 so therefore the limit does not exist
yBVTH0yUjHM-00477-00115120-00115366 and the function value at 3 is going to
yBVTH0yUjHM-00478-00115367-00115758 be undefined
yBVTH0yUjHM-00479-00115759-00115983 so a good example of having a vertical
yBVTH0yUjHM-00480-00115983-00116223 asymptote at x equals 3 would be a
yBVTH0yUjHM-00481-00116224-00116399 function like this one over x minus
yBVTH0yUjHM-00482-00116400-00116495 three
yBVTH0yUjHM-00483-00116496-00116663 and if you plug in three you're gonna
yBVTH0yUjHM-00484-00116664-00116807 get one over zero
yBVTH0yUjHM-00485-00116808-00117031 which is undefined
yBVTH0yUjHM-00486-00117032-00117158 so whenever you have a zero in the
yBVTH0yUjHM-00487-00117159-00117383 denominator
yBVTH0yUjHM-00488-00117383-00117510 at that point you have a vertical
yBVTH0yUjHM-00489-00117511-00117671 asymptote
yBVTH0yUjHM-00490-00117672-00118831 and it's undefined at that point
yBVTH0yUjHM-00491-00118832-00119039 now at negative 3
yBVTH0yUjHM-00492-00119040-00119247 we have what is known as
yBVTH0yUjHM-00493-00119248-00119510 a jump discontinuity the graph doesn't
yBVTH0yUjHM-00494-00119511-00119734 connect
yBVTH0yUjHM-00495-00119735-00120039 at negative two we have what is known as
yBVTH0yUjHM-00496-00120040-00120166 a hole
yBVTH0yUjHM-00497-00120167-00120519 a hole is a removable discontinuity
yBVTH0yUjHM-00498-00120520-00120871 a jump discontinuity is not removable
yBVTH0yUjHM-00499-00120872-00121039 so this is another example of a jump
yBVTH0yUjHM-00500-00121040-00121254 discontinuity it's a non-removable
yBVTH0yUjHM-00501-00121255-00121439 discontinuity
yBVTH0yUjHM-00502-00121440-00121566 and here we have an infinite
yBVTH0yUjHM-00503-00121567-00121814 discontinuity which is also
yBVTH0yUjHM-00504-00121815-00122111 non-removable
yC6qoXgyCI8-00000-00000043-00000269 following as a table of United States
yC6qoXgyCI8-00001-00000270-00000470 presidential elections in Rhode Island
yC6qoXgyCI8-00002-00000471-00000784 ordered by year since its admission to
yC6qoXgyCI8-00003-00000785-00001033 statehood in 1790 Rhode Island has
yC6qoXgyCI8-00004-00001034-00001249 participated in every u.s. presidential
yC6qoXgyCI8-00005-00001250-00001541 election winners of the state are in
yC6qoXgyCI8-00006-00001542-00002049 bold
yC6qoXgyCI8-00007-00002050-00002774 topic elections from 1864 to present
yC6qoXgyCI8-00008-00002775-00003143 you
yC6qoXgyCI8-00009-00003144-00003777 topic election of 1860
yC6qoXgyCI8-00010-00003778-00004063 the election of 1860 was a complex
yC6qoXgyCI8-00011-00004064-00004213 realigning election in which the
yC6qoXgyCI8-00012-00004214-00004407 breakdown of the previous two-party
yC6qoXgyCI8-00013-00004408-00004600 alignment culminated in four parties
yC6qoXgyCI8-00014-00004601-00004764 each competing for influence in
yC6qoXgyCI8-00015-00004765-00004986 different parts of the country the
yC6qoXgyCI8-00016-00004987-00005163 result of the election with the victory
yC6qoXgyCI8-00017-00005164-00005379 of an ardent opponent of slavery spurred
yC6qoXgyCI8-00018-00005380-00005577 the secession of 11 states and brought
yC6qoXgyCI8-00019-00005578-00006234 about the American Civil War
yC6qoXgyCI8-00020-00006235-00007420 topic elections from 1828 to 1856
yC6qoXgyCI8-00021-00007422-00008073 topic election of 1824
yC6qoXgyCI8-00022-00008073-00008376 the election of 1824 was a complex
yC6qoXgyCI8-00023-00008377-00008553 realigning election following the
yC6qoXgyCI8-00024-00008554-00008735 collapse of the prevailing Democratic
yC6qoXgyCI8-00025-00008736-00008939 Republican Party resulting in four
yC6qoXgyCI8-00026-00008940-00009126 different candidates each claiming to
yC6qoXgyCI8-00027-00009127-00009273 carry the banner of the party and
yC6qoXgyCI8-00028-00009274-00009456 competing for influence in different
yC6qoXgyCI8-00029-00009457-00009699 parts of the country the election was
yC6qoXgyCI8-00030-00009700-00009903 the only one in history to be decided by
yC6qoXgyCI8-00031-00009904-00010088 the House of Representatives under the
yC6qoXgyCI8-00032-00010089-00010271 provisions of the 12th amendment to the
yC6qoXgyCI8-00033-00010272-00010488 United States Constitution after no
yC6qoXgyCI8-00034-00010489-00010671 candidate secured a majority of the
yC6qoXgyCI8-00035-00010672-00010932 electoral vote it was also the only
yC6qoXgyCI8-00036-00010933-00011106 presidential election in which the
yC6qoXgyCI8-00037-00011107-00011304 candidate who received a plurality of
yC6qoXgyCI8-00038-00011305-00011538 electoral votes Andrew Jackson did not
yC6qoXgyCI8-00039-00011539-00011718 become president a source of great
yC6qoXgyCI8-00040-00011719-00011865 bitterness for Jackson and his
yC6qoXgyCI8-00041-00011866-00012038 supporters who proclaimed the election
yC6qoXgyCI8-00042-00012039-00012684 of Adams a corrupt bargain
yC6qoXgyCI8-00043-00012685-00013479 topic elections from 1792 to 1820
yC6qoXgyCI8-00044-00013480-00013758 in the election of 1820 incumbent
yC6qoXgyCI8-00045-00013759-00013977 President James Monroe ran effectively
yC6qoXgyCI8-00046-00013978-00014166 unopposed winning all four of Rhode
yC6qoXgyCI8-00047-00014166-00014352 Island's electoral votes and all
yC6qoXgyCI8-00048-00014353-00014568 electoral votes nationwide except one
yC6qoXgyCI8-00049-00014569-00014826 vote in New Hampshire to the extent that
yC6qoXgyCI8-00050-00014827-00015054 a popular vote was held it was primarily
yC6qoXgyCI8-00051-00015055-00015240 directed to filling the office of Vice
yC6qoXgyCI8-00052-00015241-00015801 President
yC6qoXgyCI8-00053-00015802-00016291 topic notes
yC6qoXgyCI8-00054-00016293-00016498 you
yDRacnL-Z_k-00000-00000008-00000167 oh
yDRacnL-Z_k-00001-00000168-00000342 holy
yDRacnL-Z_k-00002-00000343-00000759 oh man it's real chilly out here
yDRacnL-Z_k-00003-00000760-00000854 but
yDRacnL-Z_k-00004-00000855-00001095 you know it's not gonna be chilly
yDRacnL-Z_k-00005-00001096-00001439 oh man all the venues had the i have to
yDRacnL-Z_k-00006-00001440-00001671 do this tour
yDRacnL-Z_k-00007-00001672-00001830 shows
yDRacnL-Z_k-00008-00001832-00002023 yeah i heard it's gonna be a pretty
yDRacnL-Z_k-00009-00002023-00002167 great show
yDRacnL-Z_k-00010-00002168-00002407 not only can you warm up your body but
yDRacnL-Z_k-00011-00002408-00002695 your cold dead soul will be warmed up as
yDRacnL-Z_k-00012-00002696-00002902 well
yDRacnL-Z_k-00013-00002903-00003110 where can you get the tickets
yDRacnL-Z_k-00014-00003111-00003367 well they're on sale right now yeah go
yDRacnL-Z_k-00015-00003368-00003590 down the link in the description or to i
yDRacnL-Z_k-00016-00003592-00003822 have to do this dot show
yDRacnL-Z_k-00017-00003823-00004022 and you can get your tickets we're going
yDRacnL-Z_k-00018-00004023-00004303 all around the us plus two stops in
yDRacnL-Z_k-00019-00004304-00004599 canada it's gonna be pretty cool
yDRacnL-Z_k-00020-00004600-00004679 huh
yDRacnL-Z_k-00021-00004680-00004838 oh yeah the tickets are pretty well
yDRacnL-Z_k-00022-00004839-00005079 priced and also if you're willing to
yDRacnL-Z_k-00023-00005080-00005327 spend a little bit more you can get vip
yDRacnL-Z_k-00024-00005328-00005670 tickets with exclusive merch a nice cool
yDRacnL-Z_k-00025-00005671-00005991 pre-show that happens before the show
yDRacnL-Z_k-00026-00005992-00006151 better seats and
yDRacnL-Z_k-00027-00006152-00006311 maybe even a
yDRacnL-Z_k-00028-00006312-00006550 glance at me not a meet and greet but a
yDRacnL-Z_k-00029-00006551-00007167 different
yDRacnL-Z_k-00030-00007168-00007534 i'll thing you there i'll see you there
yDRacnL-Z_k-00031-00007536-00007814 who's ready to be
yDRacnL-Z_k-00032-00007815-00007998 nostalgic
yDRacnL-Z_k-00033-00008000-00008167 i'm ready to be nostalgic i was
yDRacnL-Z_k-00034-00008168-00008367 streaming the other day and i don't even
yDRacnL-Z_k-00035-00008368-00008678 remember what happened but somebody
yDRacnL-Z_k-00036-00008679-00008959 brought up zoo pals does anybody
yDRacnL-Z_k-00037-00008960-00009223 remember zoo pals here i'll refresh your
yDRacnL-Z_k-00038-00009224-00009518 memory
yDRacnL-Z_k-00039-00009519-00010295 [Music]
yDRacnL-Z_k-00040-00010296-00010519 eating fun yes but anyway someone
yDRacnL-Z_k-00041-00010520-00010838 brought up zoo pals it brought me back
yDRacnL-Z_k-00042-00010839-00011174 and i found a compilation of commercials
yDRacnL-Z_k-00043-00011175-00011455 that every two thousand kids yeah every
yDRacnL-Z_k-00044-00011456-00011638 2000's kid
yDRacnL-Z_k-00045-00011639-00011823 knows so we're gonna watch it and we're
yDRacnL-Z_k-00046-00011824-00012023 gonna remember i guess this only applies
yDRacnL-Z_k-00047-00012024-00012278 to the u.s maybe i don't know how many
yDRacnL-Z_k-00048-00012279-00012478 brands um
yDRacnL-Z_k-00049-00012479-00012655 we share with the rest of the world but
yDRacnL-Z_k-00050-00012656-00012799 this is probably going to be mostly u.s
yDRacnL-Z_k-00051-00012800-00013094 so sorry everybody else
yDRacnL-Z_k-00052-00013095-00013479 america yes i never had zoo pals but i
yDRacnL-Z_k-00053-00013480-00013615 wanted them
yDRacnL-Z_k-00054-00013616-00013871 really bad i wanted them really bad even
yDRacnL-Z_k-00055-00013872-00014094 now i still kind of want zubal who
yDRacnL-Z_k-00056-00014095-00014286 wouldn't want to eat off of that plate
yDRacnL-Z_k-00057-00014287-00014463 and there's little there hold on there's
yDRacnL-Z_k-00058-00014463-00014630 a little feet there you can put your
yDRacnL-Z_k-00059-00014631-00014799 sauce there your ketchup if you're
yDRacnL-Z_k-00060-00014800-00015022 eating something that you need ketchup
yDRacnL-Z_k-00061-00015023-00015143 for ah
yDRacnL-Z_k-00062-00015144-00015294 [Music]
yDRacnL-Z_k-00063-00015295-00015665 function form perfection
yDRacnL-Z_k-00064-00015666-00016158 [Music]
yDRacnL-Z_k-00065-00016159-00016471 i do remember this specific ad with the
yDRacnL-Z_k-00066-00016472-00016847 scooby-doo chia pet watch it grow
yDRacnL-Z_k-00067-00016848-00017415 a whole
yDRacnL-Z_k-00068-00017416-00017639 the idea of this is like what if we made
yDRacnL-Z_k-00069-00017640-00017943 some uh little statue things and we made
yDRacnL-Z_k-00070-00017944-00018111 it so you could grow a plant on it so it
yDRacnL-Z_k-00071-00018112-00018271 looks like it has hair
yDRacnL-Z_k-00072-00018272-00018550 and they're like yeah that's 2002
yDRacnL-Z_k-00073-00018551-00018750 everyone's bored i get yeah do it also
yDRacnL-Z_k-00074-00018751-00019022 all of these i i haven't had cable in
yDRacnL-Z_k-00075-00019023-00019167 such a long time because everything is
yDRacnL-Z_k-00076-00019168-00019383 streaming now so i forget about
yDRacnL-Z_k-00077-00019384-00020039 commercials like this
yDRacnL-Z_k-00078-00020040-00020214 in a sense i kind of miss it i mean i
yDRacnL-Z_k-00079-00020215-00020391 don't because i don't miss watching
yDRacnL-Z_k-00080-00020392-00021286 commercials but it was a simpler time
yDRacnL-Z_k-00081-00021287-00021550 is this oh is this hold on wait is this
yDRacnL-Z_k-00082-00021551-00021711 the toothbrush where it vibrates in your
yDRacnL-Z_k-00083-00021712-00021943 mouth and it's a song this sound
yDRacnL-Z_k-00084-00021944-00022335 yeah it is
yDRacnL-Z_k-00085-00022336-00022447 yes
yDRacnL-Z_k-00086-00022448-00023107 i remember
yDRacnL-Z_k-00087-00023108-00023358 [Music]
yDRacnL-Z_k-00088-00023359-00023494 favorite artist so we got black eyed
yDRacnL-Z_k-00089-00023495-00023855 peas we got hillary duff and we got kiss
yDRacnL-Z_k-00090-00023856-00023967 which
yDRacnL-Z_k-00091-00023968-00024183 how many kids in like 2002 are listening
yDRacnL-Z_k-00092-00024184-00024358 to kiss but okay the thing that i love
yDRacnL-Z_k-00093-00024359-00024575 about this is that if someone released
yDRacnL-Z_k-00094-00024576-00024742 this now you'd be like what the [__] it
yDRacnL-Z_k-00095-00024743-00024942 comes with one song i'm not gonna buy
yDRacnL-Z_k-00096-00024943-00025158 that that's stupid but do you remember
yDRacnL-Z_k-00097-00025159-00025463 back in the day huh i remember my first
yDRacnL-Z_k-00098-00025464-00025790 ipod was the original ipod shuffle
yDRacnL-Z_k-00099-00025791-00026006 oh i kind of miss having an ipod because
yDRacnL-Z_k-00100-00026007-00026183 everything is just on my phone now and i
yDRacnL-Z_k-00101-00026183-00026351 think that that's true for most people
yDRacnL-Z_k-00102-00026352-00026599 and i kind of miss having like the ipod
yDRacnL-Z_k-00103-00026600-00026967 classic just filled with songs kind of
yDRacnL-Z_k-00104-00026968-00027231 kind of cool
yDRacnL-Z_k-00105-00027232-00027414 little bear
yDRacnL-Z_k-00106-00027416-00027811 little bear i remember this to face
yDRacnL-Z_k-00107-00027812-00028055 commercials safe to swallow floor i
yDRacnL-Z_k-00108-00028056-00028311 breathe
yDRacnL-Z_k-00109-00028312-00028518 everybody remember little bear
yDRacnL-Z_k-00110-00028519-00028751 what about little bill say hello to the
yDRacnL-Z_k-00111-00028752-00029014 fellow pets
yDRacnL-Z_k-00112-00029016-00029183 it's a pet
yDRacnL-Z_k-00113-00029183-00029511 it's a pillow pet that animal all of
yDRacnL-Z_k-00114-00029512-00029639 these guys have
yDRacnL-Z_k-00115-00029639-00029911 seen things
yDRacnL-Z_k-00116-00029912-00030079 this pillow was hidden in mommy and
yDRacnL-Z_k-00117-00030080-00030327 daddy's bedroom for three months before
yDRacnL-Z_k-00118-00030327-00030639 christmas came around and it saw
yDRacnL-Z_k-00119-00030639-00030902 everything look pjs fit right inside
yDRacnL-Z_k-00120-00030903-00031062 perfect for the overnight trips to
yDRacnL-Z_k-00121-00031063-00031255 grandma's house
yDRacnL-Z_k-00122-00031256-00031399 i
yDRacnL-Z_k-00123-00031400-00031631 believe that that was gonna be it's
yDRacnL-Z_k-00124-00031632-00031783 perfect when you have to go to dad's for
yDRacnL-Z_k-00125-00031783-00031958 the weekend because your parents don't
yDRacnL-Z_k-00126-00031960-00032183 love each other anymore fellow pets are
yDRacnL-Z_k-00127-00032183-00033055 great for travel
yDRacnL-Z_k-00128-00033056-00033279 head on apply directly to the forehead
yDRacnL-Z_k-00129-00033280-00033495 head on apply directly to the forehead
yDRacnL-Z_k-00130-00033496-00033623 headon is available without a
yDRacnL-Z_k-00131-00033624-00033846 prescription at retailers nationwide
yDRacnL-Z_k-00132-00033847-00034071 okay you're about to be mesmerized it's
yDRacnL-Z_k-00133-00034072-00034318 here it's wild it's sweeping the nation
yDRacnL-Z_k-00134-00034319-00034951 it's spooky
yDRacnL-Z_k-00135-00034952-00035239 i remember this at first i was like
yDRacnL-Z_k-00136-00035240-00035487 what the [__] is this is this for a
yDRacnL-Z_k-00137-00035488-00035783 weird like local summer camp i remember
yDRacnL-Z_k-00138-00035784-00035959 who she i don't know what it is this is
yDRacnL-Z_k-00139-00035960-00036143 the coolest thing ever and i can do it i
yDRacnL-Z_k-00140-00036144-00036279 i don't know what's going on right now
yDRacnL-Z_k-00141-00036280-00036471 but something's happening and i'm i'm
yDRacnL-Z_k-00142-00036472-00036783 doing
yDRacnL-Z_k-00143-00036784-00036918 we're going to show you how to unlock
yDRacnL-Z_k-00144-00036919-00037207 the secrets of bushigi the magic gravity
yDRacnL-Z_k-00145-00037208-00037630 ball no strings no tricks magic maybe an
yDRacnL-Z_k-00146-00037631-00037999 illusion
yDRacnL-Z_k-00147-00038000-00038223 it's a ball it's a square it's magic
yDRacnL-Z_k-00148-00038224-00038462 maybe a truck your grandmother died and
yDRacnL-Z_k-00149-00038463-00038662 with a little practice you can conquer
yDRacnL-Z_k-00150-00038663-00039015 fushigi this is so amazing
yDRacnL-Z_k-00151-00039016-00039207 is it all you're doing is doing this
yDRacnL-Z_k-00152-00039208-00039495 with a ball in it it's fabulous i get it
yDRacnL-Z_k-00153-00039496-00039830 now everyone belongs i get it now it's a
yDRacnL-Z_k-00154-00039831-00040102 ball even control more than one fushigi
yDRacnL-Z_k-00155-00040103-00040399 at a time you can do this thanks man i
yDRacnL-Z_k-00156-00040400-00040518 appreciate it
yDRacnL-Z_k-00157-00040519-00040774 i needed that what squishy stretchy and
yDRacnL-Z_k-00158-00040775-00041287 transforms almost bloom
yDRacnL-Z_k-00159-00041288-00041551 you can feel the way you floam it look
yDRacnL-Z_k-00160-00041552-00041695 now you can turn anything into a
yDRacnL-Z_k-00161-00041696-00041935 fabulous floam creation transform this
yDRacnL-Z_k-00162-00041936-00043483 wooden fossil into a fierce blown
yDRacnL-Z_k-00163-00043484-00043799 oh the god of all ads
yDRacnL-Z_k-00164-00043800-00043943 yes
yDRacnL-Z_k-00165-00043944-00044135 have chef again
yDRacnL-Z_k-00166-00044136-00044311 i love chef
yDRacnL-Z_k-00167-00044312-00045007 yes yes yes follow her home
yDRacnL-Z_k-00168-00045008-00045279 oh it's such a good ad though
yDRacnL-Z_k-00169-00045280-00045446 such a good ad
yDRacnL-Z_k-00170-00045447-00045583 how long did it
yDRacnL-Z_k-00171-00045584-00045727 take it couldn't have gotten there in
yDRacnL-Z_k-00172-00045728-00045871 one day unless they live like right
yDRacnL-Z_k-00173-00045872-00046062 around the corner but it's going on the
yDRacnL-Z_k-00174-00046063-00046311 highway so it must have had to go a long
yDRacnL-Z_k-00175-00046312-00046662 ways how fast if it's leaving at the
yDRacnL-Z_k-00176-00046663-00046918 same time as them
yDRacnL-Z_k-00177-00046919-00047102 at the grocery store
yDRacnL-Z_k-00178-00047103-00047758 unless they had to stop and do other
yDRacnL-Z_k-00179-00047759-00047999 it chores to be going so fast
yDRacnL-Z_k-00180-00048000-00048630 to get into the house at the same time
yDRacnL-Z_k-00181-00048631-00048839 damn
yDRacnL-Z_k-00182-00048840-00049030 i wouldn't chef boyard i wouldn't trust
yDRacnL-Z_k-00183-00049031-00049335 that if a thing of ravioli rolled into
yDRacnL-Z_k-00184-00049336-00049471 my house and my mom was like what do you
yDRacnL-Z_k-00185-00049472-00049735 want for dinner i'd be like i think we
yDRacnL-Z_k-00186-00049736-00049961 need to move 800.
yDRacnL-Z_k-00187-00049962-00050286 [Music]
yDRacnL-Z_k-00188-00050287-00051102 today
yDRacnL-Z_k-00189-00051103-00051542 what the [__] is this what is this
yDRacnL-Z_k-00190-00051544-00051646 what
yDRacnL-Z_k-00191-00051647-00051879 what what are you doing
yDRacnL-Z_k-00192-00051879-00052087 what the [__]
yDRacnL-Z_k-00193-00052088-00052503 what is this ad
yDRacnL-Z_k-00194-00052504-00052623 i don't
yDRacnL-Z_k-00195-00052624-00052999 i don't i don't know how i feel about
yDRacnL-Z_k-00196-00053000-00053375 this ad what is this is this jira deli
yDRacnL-Z_k-00197-00053376-00053599 is this swiss miss
yDRacnL-Z_k-00198-00053600-00053782 what the [__] is this ad for it's
yDRacnL-Z_k-00199-00053783-00054007 obviously chocolate but i don't i don't
yDRacnL-Z_k-00200-00054008-00054223 feel comfortable please she's trying to
yDRacnL-Z_k-00201-00054224-00054526 eat his heart she ate his ass
yDRacnL-Z_k-00202-00054527-00055030 what is this
yDRacnL-Z_k-00203-00055032-00055142 i
yDRacnL-Z_k-00204-00055144-00055582 don't
yDRacnL-Z_k-00205-00055583-00055863 it's it was axe tried this new berries
yDRacnL-Z_k-00206-00055864-00056150 and cream starburst pardon me
yDRacnL-Z_k-00207-00056151-00056294 yes what kind of starburst would you
yDRacnL-Z_k-00208-00056295-00056559 just say yes berries berries
yDRacnL-Z_k-00209-00056560-00056813 and what else yes cream yes
yDRacnL-Z_k-00210-00056814-00057175 [Laughter]
yDRacnL-Z_k-00211-00057176-00057423 berries and cream berries and cream i'm
yDRacnL-Z_k-00212-00057424-00057585 a little lad who knows berries and cream
yDRacnL-Z_k-00213-00057586-00057735 [Music]
yDRacnL-Z_k-00214-00057736-00057966 cherries and cream berries and cream on
yDRacnL-Z_k-00215-00057967-00058199 the little rooms berries
yDRacnL-Z_k-00216-00058200-00058362 and cream
yDRacnL-Z_k-00217-00058363-00058542 [Music]
yDRacnL-Z_k-00218-00058544-00058719 that's the one that i remember the most
yDRacnL-Z_k-00219-00058720-00058959 this was my um in middle school that was
yDRacnL-Z_k-00220-00058960-00059335 my ringtone on my first cell phone
yDRacnL-Z_k-00221-00059336-00059454 so
yDRacnL-Z_k-00222-00059455-00059647 there you go here's some inside
yDRacnL-Z_k-00223-00059648-00059879 information from betty crocker i slept
yDRacnL-Z_k-00224-00059879-00060111 with your husband it's the most exciting
yDRacnL-Z_k-00225-00060112-00060319 thing you can do with the inside of a
yDRacnL-Z_k-00226-00060320-00060606 cake introducing the betty
yDRacnL-Z_k-00227-00060607-00060942 [__] it the betty crocker bacon phil all
yDRacnL-Z_k-00228-00060944-00061103 kinds of delicious oh
yDRacnL-Z_k-00229-00061104-00061311 man we never had one but space when you
yDRacnL-Z_k-00230-00061312-00061471 cut into the cake and there's his
yDRacnL-Z_k-00231-00061472-00061671 favorite delicious bacon wings what
yDRacnL-Z_k-00232-00061672-00061838 imagine the look on your child's face
yDRacnL-Z_k-00233-00061839-00062006 when you cut into the cake and there's
yDRacnL-Z_k-00234-00062007-00062230 his favorite flavor of ice cream or her
yDRacnL-Z_k-00235-00062232-00062463 favorite what the [__] do you go through
yDRacnL-Z_k-00236-00062464-00062575 a candle
yDRacnL-Z_k-00237-00062576-00062815 trying to get that full volumized look
yDRacnL-Z_k-00238-00062816-00063575 then bump it up with bumpets
yDRacnL-Z_k-00239-00063576-00063775 hair accessory that give you perfect
yDRacnL-Z_k-00240-00063776-00064063 style and volume perfect style
yDRacnL-Z_k-00241-00064064-00064382 from flat too fabulous instantly go from
yDRacnL-Z_k-00242-00064383-00064687 flat to fat imagine being able to
yDRacnL-Z_k-00243-00064688-00064791 breathe
yDRacnL-Z_k-00244-00064791-00065079 hairstyles in seconds and they're so
yDRacnL-Z_k-00245-00065079-00065543 easy to use
yDRacnL-Z_k-00246-00065544-00065847 give a little tease insert bump it
yDRacnL-Z_k-00247-00065848-00066047 up and you're ready to go
yDRacnL-Z_k-00248-00066048-00066326 just look at the difference
yDRacnL-Z_k-00249-00066327-00066591 amazing with bumpits you can call the
yDRacnL-Z_k-00250-00066592-00066894 cops on anybody for any reason it's
yDRacnL-Z_k-00251-00066895-00067087 amazing a lot of people are like aren't
yDRacnL-Z_k-00252-00067088-00067287 you too young to invest in the markets
yDRacnL-Z_k-00253-00067288-00067359 and
yDRacnL-Z_k-00254-00067360-00067526 don't worry about it you know i just
yDRacnL-Z_k-00255-00067527-00067703 look young i mean you don't know how old
yDRacnL-Z_k-00256-00067704-00067991 i am b i use a trade so check it these
yDRacnL-Z_k-00257-00067992-00068263 were good ads i just bought stock you
yDRacnL-Z_k-00258-00068264-00068559 just saw me buy stock no big deal
yDRacnL-Z_k-00259-00068560-00068863 i mean you know if i can do it you can
yDRacnL-Z_k-00260-00068864-00069455 do it
yDRacnL-Z_k-00261-00069456-00069638 it's so easy there are a thousand new
yDRacnL-Z_k-00262-00069639-00069894 accounts a day that's a really good ad
yDRacnL-Z_k-00263-00069895-00070119 hold out a clapper and your luck to help
yDRacnL-Z_k-00264-00070120-00070247 protect you
yDRacnL-Z_k-00265-00070248-00070447 turn off clapper and your lights will go
yDRacnL-Z_k-00266-00070448-00070694 on turning away on what
yDRacnL-Z_k-00267-00070695-00070815 do you think
yDRacnL-Z_k-00268-00070816-00070999 do you think the people
yDRacnL-Z_k-00269-00071000-00071391 that couple the clapper
yDRacnL-Z_k-00270-00071392-00071823 when they had sex
yDRacnL-Z_k-00271-00071824-00071926 this
yDRacnL-Z_k-00272-00071927-00072150 ad is the reason
yDRacnL-Z_k-00273-00072151-00072271 why for
yDRacnL-Z_k-00274-00072272-00072462 basically my whole life i've never
yDRacnL-Z_k-00275-00072463-00072655 called it fanta i've always called it
yDRacnL-Z_k-00276-00072656-00072879 fonta and people have always made fun of
yDRacnL-Z_k-00277-00072880-00073279 me but listen it's because of this app
yDRacnL-Z_k-00278-00073280-00073662 ready
yDRacnL-Z_k-00279-00073663-00073959 they're saying
yDRacnL-Z_k-00280-00073960-00074271 wanna fonda so sarah what's going on
yDRacnL-Z_k-00281-00074272-00074526 here sarah
yDRacnL-Z_k-00282-00074527-00074799 sarah she won't answer you
yDRacnL-Z_k-00283-00074800-00075087 or she can't why not
yDRacnL-Z_k-00284-00075088-00075215 this is the way it's been since she
yDRacnL-Z_k-00285-00075216-00075455 started smoking pot
yDRacnL-Z_k-00286-00075456-00075615 she's all lazy and
yDRacnL-Z_k-00287-00075616-00075862 boring and
yDRacnL-Z_k-00288-00075863-00075950 you know
yDRacnL-Z_k-00289-00075951-00076167 we used to have so much fun together
yDRacnL-Z_k-00290-00076168-00076382 and now
yDRacnL-Z_k-00291-00076383-00076750 this is what we do
yDRacnL-Z_k-00292-00076751-00077023 yeah so true gamers all right guys all
yDRacnL-Z_k-00293-00077024-00077238 right all right we've been
yDRacnL-Z_k-00294-00077239-00077479 nostalgic enough i feel
yDRacnL-Z_k-00295-00077480-00077887 what a fun time oh boy oh
yDRacnL-Z_k-00296-00077888-00078103 boy uh thank you so much for watching
yDRacnL-Z_k-00297-00078104-00078431 hope you enjoyed make sure if you're in
yDRacnL-Z_k-00298-00078432-00078655 the continental united states and or
yDRacnL-Z_k-00299-00078656-00078855 certain parts of canada i'm going on
yDRacnL-Z_k-00300-00078856-00079159 tour so go to i have to do this dot show
yDRacnL-Z_k-00301-00079160-00079367 you can get your tickets now i'm so so
yDRacnL-Z_k-00302-00079368-00079519 excited so thank you guys so much for
yDRacnL-Z_k-00303-00079520-00079655 watching hope you enjoyed if you did
yDRacnL-Z_k-00304-00079656-00079782 make sure to slap that like button right
yDRacnL-Z_k-00305-00079783-00079967 in the face and i will see you guys in
yDRacnL-Z_k-00306-00079968-00080167 the next video love you all stay cranky
yDRacnL-Z_k-00307-00080168-00080312 bye
yDRacnL-Z_k-00308-00080313-00082279 [Music]
yDRacnL-Z_k-00309-00082280-00082488 you
yE-wqKS0X7y-00000-00000016-00000206 if you want to maintain a status quo
yE-wqKS0X7y-00001-00000208-00000430 nothing new will ever happen a leader
yE-wqKS0X7y-00002-00000431-00000630 means you're a madman who is always
yE-wqKS0X7y-00003-00000631-00000823 wanting to step into something new your
yE-wqKS0X7y-00004-00000824-00001350 life is an adventure
yE-wqKS0X7y-00005-00001351-00001550 when everybody is looking up to you in
yE-wqKS0X7y-00006-00001551-00001910 case you fall is very bad
yE-wqKS0X7y-00007-00001911-00002199 so it's very very important you upgrade
yE-wqKS0X7y-00008-00002200-00002468 the machine
yE-wqKS0X7y-00009-00002469-00003158 [Music]
yE-wqKS0X7y-00010-00003159-00003663 to really build a dna of success
yE-wqKS0X7y-00011-00003664-00003983 these are the three things you need
yE-wqKS0X7y-00012-00003984-00004247 insight definitely
yE-wqKS0X7y-00013-00004248-00005006 integrity and inspiration
yE-wqKS0X7y-00014-00005007-00005270 if you
yE-wqKS0X7y-00015-00005271-00005583 want to be inspired
yE-wqKS0X7y-00016-00005584-00005751 first thing is you must find something
yE-wqKS0X7y-00017-00005752-00005943 larger than yourself
yE-wqKS0X7y-00018-00005944-00006118 to do
yE-wqKS0X7y-00019-00006119-00006279 some something which is bigger than
yE-wqKS0X7y-00020-00006280-00006495 yourself to do
yE-wqKS0X7y-00021-00006495-00006742 if you choose things which are safe and
yE-wqKS0X7y-00022-00006743-00006934 nice and easy which will make you some
yE-wqKS0X7y-00023-00006936-00007087 money
yE-wqKS0X7y-00024-00007088-00007287 you may make some money i'm not against
yE-wqKS0X7y-00025-00007288-00007495 it that's the goal it's fine
yE-wqKS0X7y-00026-00007495-00007887 but you will not be inspired
yE-wqKS0X7y-00027-00007888-00008207 living an inspired life
yE-wqKS0X7y-00028-00008208-00008478 and living a
yE-wqKS0X7y-00029-00008479-00008671 for lack of vocabulary i'm using this
yE-wqKS0X7y-00030-00008672-00008919 not as an insult to any profession
yE-wqKS0X7y-00031-00008920-00009151 a clerical kind of life
yE-wqKS0X7y-00032-00009152-00009383 when i say clerical
yE-wqKS0X7y-00033-00009384-00009678 it is all set
yE-wqKS0X7y-00034-00009679-00009871 you do this this you'll get your salary
yE-wqKS0X7y-00035-00009872-00010151 that's it
yE-wqKS0X7y-00036-00010152-00010374 no risk
yE-wqKS0X7y-00037-00010375-00010535 last generation of people in this
yE-wqKS0X7y-00038-00010536-00010687 country would always say first thing is
yE-wqKS0X7y-00039-00010688-00010863 that government employment that was the
yE-wqKS0X7y-00040-00010864-00011055 aspiration always
yE-wqKS0X7y-00041-00011056-00011183 why
yE-wqKS0X7y-00042-00011184-00011342 no risk
yE-wqKS0X7y-00043-00011343-00011614 whether you're capable not capable you
yE-wqKS0X7y-00044-00011615-00011719 have a
yE-wqKS0X7y-00045-00011720-00011910 40 45 year
yE-wqKS0X7y-00046-00011911-00012159 work span
yE-wqKS0X7y-00047-00012160-00012374 does it matter whether you deliver you
yE-wqKS0X7y-00048-00012375-00012542 don't deliver you can even get there
yE-wqKS0X7y-00049-00012543-00012902 every day or not still you got a job
yE-wqKS0X7y-00050-00012903-00013215 you will never be fired
yE-wqKS0X7y-00051-00013216-00013663 no risk
yE-wqKS0X7y-00052-00013663-00013743 if
yE-wqKS0X7y-00053-00013744-00013943 there has to be
yE-wqKS0X7y-00054-00013944-00014230 inspiration within you
yE-wqKS0X7y-00055-00014231-00014447 there has to be an element of
yE-wqKS0X7y-00056-00014447-00014703 uncertainty
yE-wqKS0X7y-00057-00014704-00014911 without uncertain uncertainty there is
yE-wqKS0X7y-00058-00014912-00015047 no inspiration
yE-wqKS0X7y-00059-00015047-00015166 or a risk
yE-wqKS0X7y-00060-00015168-00015350 or danger
yE-wqKS0X7y-00061-00015351-00015503 where there is no danger there is no
yE-wqKS0X7y-00062-00015504-00015655 adventure
yE-wqKS0X7y-00063-00015656-00015894 where there is no adventure nobody will
yE-wqKS0X7y-00064-00015895-00016247 be inspired by you
yE-wqKS0X7y-00065-00016247-00016455 if people don't see
yE-wqKS0X7y-00066-00016456-00016679 that you are willing to step into
yE-wqKS0X7y-00067-00016680-00016830 something that they are not willing to
yE-wqKS0X7y-00068-00016831-00017255 step into you cannot inspire anybody
yE-wqKS0X7y-00069-00017256-00017399 people should see
yE-wqKS0X7y-00070-00017400-00017591 what they're afraid of stepping into you
yE-wqKS0X7y-00071-00017592-00017830 are willing to step into
yE-wqKS0X7y-00072-00017831-00018007 well when you take a risk
yE-wqKS0X7y-00073-00018008-00018279 you may get burnt
yE-wqKS0X7y-00074-00018280-00018383 yes
yE-wqKS0X7y-00075-00018384-00018614 it can happen
yE-wqKS0X7y-00076-00018615-00018814 that's what danger means
yE-wqKS0X7y-00077-00018815-00019007 that there is a risk
yE-wqKS0X7y-00078-00019008-00019263 that's what risk means sometimes it can
yE-wqKS0X7y-00079-00019264-00019575 go dead wrong
yE-wqKS0X7y-00080-00019576-00019679 yes
yE-wqKS0X7y-00081-00019680-00019943 of course we calculate the risks
yE-wqKS0X7y-00082-00019944-00020103 we're not going to blindly walk into
yE-wqKS0X7y-00083-00020104-00020230 something
yE-wqKS0X7y-00084-00020231-00020478 but there is a risk
yE-wqKS0X7y-00085-00020479-00020694 where there is no danger there is no
yE-wqKS0X7y-00086-00020695-00020871 adventure
yE-wqKS0X7y-00087-00020872-00021071 maybe you're risking your money maybe
yE-wqKS0X7y-00088-00021072-00021239 you're risking your reputation
yE-wqKS0X7y-00089-00021240-00021447 maybe you're risking a loss of time in
yE-wqKS0X7y-00090-00021448-00021543 your life
yE-wqKS0X7y-00091-00021544-00021727 10 years of your life may go without any
yE-wqKS0X7y-00092-00021728-00021855 product
yE-wqKS0X7y-00093-00021856-00022086 possible hello
yE-wqKS0X7y-00094-00022087-00022407 when you start a venture it is possible
yE-wqKS0X7y-00095-00022408-00022671 10 15 20 years of your life went into
yE-wqKS0X7y-00096-00022672-00022855 nothing
yE-wqKS0X7y-00097-00022856-00023078 that risk is there you may not get
yE-wqKS0X7y-00098-00023079-00023311 killed like jumping off a mountain
yE-wqKS0X7y-00099-00023312-00023407 but
yE-wqKS0X7y-00100-00023408-00023599 loss of life is there in many different
yE-wqKS0X7y-00101-00023600-00023919 ways
yE-wqKS0X7y-00102-00023920-00024239 so inspiration
yE-wqKS0X7y-00103-00024240-00024535 if it has to come one basic element is
yE-wqKS0X7y-00104-00024536-00024686 integrity
yE-wqKS0X7y-00105-00024687-00024975 where there is no integrity
yE-wqKS0X7y-00106-00024976-00025183 you cannot inspire
yE-wqKS0X7y-00107-00025184-00025414 integrity means just this don't think
yE-wqKS0X7y-00108-00025415-00025734 integrity is a bundle of morals values
yE-wqKS0X7y-00109-00025735-00025958 ethics no
yE-wqKS0X7y-00110-00025960-00026270 integrity means your commitment
yE-wqKS0X7y-00111-00026272-00026511 is larger than yourself
yE-wqKS0X7y-00112-00026512-00026702 maybe it's your business
yE-wqKS0X7y-00113-00026704-00026879 maybe it's your community
yE-wqKS0X7y-00114-00026880-00027087 maybe it's your nation maybe it's the
yE-wqKS0X7y-00115-00027088-00027183 world
yE-wqKS0X7y-00116-00027183-00027439 we don't know what but something larger
yE-wqKS0X7y-00117-00027439-00027679 than yourself you're committed to that
yE-wqKS0X7y-00118-00027680-00027974 then people see you have integrity
yE-wqKS0X7y-00119-00027975-00028335 people experience integrity because
yE-wqKS0X7y-00120-00028336-00028518 you are committed to something beyond
yE-wqKS0X7y-00121-00028519-00028783 your own self-interest
yE-wqKS0X7y-00122-00028783-00029014 if they don't see that
yE-wqKS0X7y-00123-00029016-00029302 then you cannot inspire anybody
yE-wqKS0X7y-00124-00029304-00029495 and if you do not inspire people around
yE-wqKS0X7y-00125-00029495-00029974 you if they drag their feet
yE-wqKS0X7y-00126-00029975-00030167 if they drag their feet your life is
yE-wqKS0X7y-00127-00030168-00030455 finished just know this
yE-wqKS0X7y-00128-00030456-00030743 and these dragging feet people will make
yE-wqKS0X7y-00129-00030744-00030918 your life miserable
yE-wqKS0X7y-00130-00030919-00031135 in every possible way
yE-wqKS0X7y-00131-00031136-00031262 hello
yE-wqKS0X7y-00132-00031263-00031502 you've seen them
yE-wqKS0X7y-00133-00031503-00031718 so now the only way is if you drag your
yE-wqKS0X7y-00134-00031719-00031918 feet i'll fire you if you drag your feet
yE-wqKS0X7y-00135-00031919-00032135 i'll fire you
yE-wqKS0X7y-00136-00032136-00032462 that you can do to some extent
yE-wqKS0X7y-00137-00032463-00032639 with that you are not going to produce
yE-wqKS0X7y-00138-00032639-00032967 the best in people
yE-wqKS0X7y-00139-00032968-00033135 it is not just they are not dragging
yE-wqKS0X7y-00140-00033136-00033246 their feet
yE-wqKS0X7y-00141-00033247-00033431 it is just that they are going beyond
yE-wqKS0X7y-00142-00033432-00033639 their limits and doing something only
yE-wqKS0X7y-00143-00033640-00033839 then something wonderful is happening
yE-wqKS0X7y-00144-00033840-00034046 around you
yE-wqKS0X7y-00145-00034047-00034246 only then
yE-wqKS0X7y-00146-00034247-00034446 you being there in that activity it's
yE-wqKS0X7y-00147-00034447-00034718 worth getting up tomorrow morning
yE-wqKS0X7y-00148-00034719-00034871 pull on
yE-wqKS0X7y-00149-00034872-00035118 otherwise
yE-wqKS0X7y-00150-00035119-00035302 after being successful for five ten
yE-wqKS0X7y-00151-00035303-00035455 years
yE-wqKS0X7y-00152-00035456-00035815 you will ask to be or not to be
yE-wqKS0X7y-00153-00035816-00036062 you may not articulate it but it will
yE-wqKS0X7y-00154-00036063-00036483 show in the length of your face
yE-wqKS0X7y-00155-00036484-00036743 yes that shows
yE-wqKS0X7y-00156-00036744-00036918 there is a question mark
yE-wqKS0X7y-00157-00036919-00037087 whether what is the purpose of my
yE-wqKS0X7y-00158-00037088-00037335 existence question mark has come maybe
yE-wqKS0X7y-00159-00037336-00037511 it's not entered your head and become
yE-wqKS0X7y-00160-00037512-00037607 words
yE-wqKS0X7y-00161-00037608-00037783 but the question mark is there in
yE-wqKS0X7y-00162-00037784-00037935 people's faces
yE-wqKS0X7y-00163-00037936-00038127 a face where if we had seen you when
yE-wqKS0X7y-00164-00038128-00038295 you're five six years of age it was like
yE-wqKS0X7y-00165-00038296-00038646 this now slowly
yE-wqKS0X7y-00166-00038647-00038862 this means the question is risen
yE-wqKS0X7y-00167-00038863-00039039 somewhere
yE-wqKS0X7y-00168-00039040-00039262 not it articulated maybe but question
yE-wqKS0X7y-00169-00039263-00039359 has come
yE-wqKS0X7y-00170-00039360-00039607 why the question has come is
yE-wqKS0X7y-00171-00039608-00039974 there is no inspiration
yE-wqKS0X7y-00172-00039975-00040207 inspiration is not just all yours
yE-wqKS0X7y-00173-00040208-00040359 the atmosphere around you should be
yE-wqKS0X7y-00174-00040360-00040559 inspired
yE-wqKS0X7y-00175-00040560-00040711 for that
yE-wqKS0X7y-00176-00040712-00040911 without
yE-wqKS0X7y-00177-00040912-00041183 a very extreme sense of integrity
yE-wqKS0X7y-00178-00041184-00041358 it won't happen
yE-wqKS0X7y-00179-00041359-00041583 if your integrity is just of morality
yE-wqKS0X7y-00180-00041584-00041951 and ethics people will feel sick of you
yE-wqKS0X7y-00181-00041952-00042207 because it's very hard to live under a
yE-wqKS0X7y-00182-00042208-00042407 moral shadow
yE-wqKS0X7y-00183-00042408-00042535 very hard
yE-wqKS0X7y-00184-00042536-00042743 it is life-taking
yE-wqKS0X7y-00185-00042744-00042974 but your integrity is because your
yE-wqKS0X7y-00186-00042975-00043223 commitment is larger than your personal
yE-wqKS0X7y-00187-00043224-00043358 well-being
yE-wqKS0X7y-00188-00043359-00043543 that is when everything around you is
yE-wqKS0X7y-00189-00043544-00043758 inspired
yE-wqKS0X7y-00190-00043759-00043943 coming to insight
yE-wqKS0X7y-00191-00043944-00044374 this is the tricky part
yE-wqKS0X7y-00192-00044375-00044518 insight means
yE-wqKS0X7y-00193-00044519-00044702 you are able to see something that
yE-wqKS0X7y-00194-00044703-00044927 others could not see
yE-wqKS0X7y-00195-00044928-00045111 you're able to see things ahead of other
yE-wqKS0X7y-00196-00045112-00045415 people that's the important thing
yE-wqKS0X7y-00197-00045416-00045718 everybody sees everything at some point
yE-wqKS0X7y-00198-00045719-00045983 but the thing is you saw it before then
yE-wqKS0X7y-00199-00045984-00046335 that makes a world of difference
yE-wqKS0X7y-00200-00046336-00046543 if you were in a battle it would decide
yE-wqKS0X7y-00201-00046544-00046735 whether you live or die
yE-wqKS0X7y-00202-00046736-00046943 if you're in a business
yE-wqKS0X7y-00203-00046944-00047151 it decides whether you're really
yE-wqKS0X7y-00204-00047152-00047511 successful or just about making it
yE-wqKS0X7y-00205-00047512-00047871 if you're in a spiritual process
yE-wqKS0X7y-00206-00047872-00048151 is worse than battle
yE-wqKS0X7y-00207-00048152-00048390 if you have no insight of any kind or if
yE-wqKS0X7y-00208-00048391-00048535 there's nobody around you with any
yE-wqKS0X7y-00209-00048536-00048671 insight
yE-wqKS0X7y-00210-00048672-00048774 then
yE-wqKS0X7y-00211-00048775-00049151 it's lifetime's your treasury
yE-wqKS0X7y-00212-00049152-00049518 if you're not able to grasp any insight
yE-wqKS0X7y-00213-00049519-00049686 or if there is nobody around you with
yE-wqKS0X7y-00214-00049687-00049927 deep insight
yE-wqKS0X7y-00215-00049928-00050183 you're just doing a spiritual process
yE-wqKS0X7y-00216-00050184-00050318 now
yE-wqKS0X7y-00217-00050319-00050711 you are for lifetimes of slavery
yE-wqKS0X7y-00218-00050712-00050871 yes
yE-wqKS0X7y-00219-00050872-00051111 that is why they become the most serious
yE-wqKS0X7y-00220-00051112-00051326 kind everywhere in the world so if
yE-wqKS0X7y-00221-00051327-00051575 insight has to come
yE-wqKS0X7y-00222-00051576-00051846 one important dimension is the reason
yE-wqKS0X7y-00223-00051847-00052142 why there is no insight is
yE-wqKS0X7y-00224-00052144-00052382 people are largely trying to function
yE-wqKS0X7y-00225-00052383-00052638 with their intellect
yE-wqKS0X7y-00226-00052639-00052959 this is a unfortunate consequence of the
yE-wqKS0X7y-00227-00052960-00053207 type of education that's been important
yE-wqKS0X7y-00228-00053208-00053438 everywhere
yE-wqKS0X7y-00229-00053439-00053687 where your intellect is seen as a prime
yE-wqKS0X7y-00230-00053688-00053942 value
yE-wqKS0X7y-00231-00053944-00054150 to understand the mechanics of how your
yE-wqKS0X7y-00232-00054151-00054335 intellect functions
yE-wqKS0X7y-00233-00054336-00054575 your intellect is in function only with
yE-wqKS0X7y-00234-00054576-00054926 the data that has been fed into it
yE-wqKS0X7y-00235-00054927-00055142 data means
yE-wqKS0X7y-00236-00055144-00055294 memory
yE-wqKS0X7y-00237-00055295-00055694 somebody's memory or your memory
yE-wqKS0X7y-00238-00055695-00055887 memory means things that have already
yE-wqKS0X7y-00239-00055888-00056159 happened
yE-wqKS0X7y-00240-00056160-00056350 so if you function from the data that
yE-wqKS0X7y-00241-00056351-00056471 you have
yE-wqKS0X7y-00242-00056472-00056719 you can do permutations and combinations
yE-wqKS0X7y-00243-00056720-00056847 of this data
yE-wqKS0X7y-00244-00056848-00057054 and make it look like magic for some
yE-wqKS0X7y-00245-00057055-00057166 time
yE-wqKS0X7y-00246-00057167-00057407 but one thing is very clear nothing new
yE-wqKS0X7y-00247-00057408-00057679 will ever happen
yE-wqKS0X7y-00248-00057679-00057830 because you've gotten
yE-wqKS0X7y-00249-00057832-00058054 enmeshed in your own data
yE-wqKS0X7y-00250-00058055-00058350 so insight means
yE-wqKS0X7y-00251-00058351-00058526 that you do not
yE-wqKS0X7y-00252-00058527-00058894 get identified with something limited
yE-wqKS0X7y-00253-00058895-00059087 your identities with limitations
yE-wqKS0X7y-00254-00059088-00059263 essentially comes from the data that you
yE-wqKS0X7y-00255-00059264-00059454 gather
yE-wqKS0X7y-00256-00059455-00059566 right now
yE-wqKS0X7y-00257-00059567-00059782 you are identified with let us say your
yE-wqKS0X7y-00258-00059783-00059982 own personal qualifications
yE-wqKS0X7y-00259-00059983-00060071 now
yE-wqKS0X7y-00260-00060072-00060247 what you identified with that's what you
yE-wqKS0X7y-00261-00060248-00060454 become
yE-wqKS0X7y-00262-00060455-00060630 or let us say you're identified with
yE-wqKS0X7y-00263-00060632-00060766 your community
yE-wqKS0X7y-00264-00060767-00060942 or with your nation
yE-wqKS0X7y-00265-00060944-00061142 and that's what you become
yE-wqKS0X7y-00266-00061144-00061479 what you identify with you become that
yE-wqKS0X7y-00267-00061479-00061654 in that sense
yE-wqKS0X7y-00268-00061655-00061871 you are not able to look at life just
yE-wqKS0X7y-00269-00061872-00062103 the way it is
yE-wqKS0X7y-00270-00062104-00062247 if you're not able to look at things
yE-wqKS0X7y-00271-00062248-00062479 just the way it is
yE-wqKS0X7y-00272-00062479-00062719 this is simply because you have given
yE-wqKS0X7y-00273-00062720-00062959 more significance to memory
yE-wqKS0X7y-00274-00062960-00063350 than to human attention and intelligence
yE-wqKS0X7y-00275-00063351-00063719 human attention and intelligence is of
yE-wqKS0X7y-00276-00063720-00064103 far more significance than your memory
yE-wqKS0X7y-00277-00064104-00064535 you know you heard of andrew carnegie
yE-wqKS0X7y-00278-00064536-00064766 and andrew carnegie started making lots
yE-wqKS0X7y-00279-00064767-00065006 of money in united states
yE-wqKS0X7y-00280-00065007-00065319 those were not uh the days of uh these
yE-wqKS0X7y-00281-00065320-00065623 bezos and the musks and uh
yE-wqKS0X7y-00282-00065624-00065863 whatever all these other people
yE-wqKS0X7y-00283-00065864-00066199 nobody was making billions
yE-wqKS0X7y-00284-00066200-00066431 people always made money in an
yE-wqKS0X7y-00285-00066432-00066679 incremental way
yE-wqKS0X7y-00286-00066680-00066879 but this guy started making enormous
yE-wqKS0X7y-00287-00066880-00067023 amount of money
yE-wqKS0X7y-00288-00067024-00067215 so naturally there was a suspicion where
yE-wqKS0X7y-00289-00067216-00067535 is it coming from because these 20s 30s
yE-wqKS0X7y-00290-00067536-00067694 there were lots of ponzi schemes in
yE-wqKS0X7y-00291-00067695-00067799 america
yE-wqKS0X7y-00292-00067800-00068159 so they thought he is doing something
yE-wqKS0X7y-00293-00068160-00068399 so
yE-wqKS0X7y-00294-00068400-00068719 a group of congressmen were formed
yE-wqKS0X7y-00295-00068720-00068975 to investigate
yE-wqKS0X7y-00296-00068976-00069167 carnegie
yE-wqKS0X7y-00297-00069168-00069391 this investigation went on for some time
yE-wqKS0X7y-00298-00069392-00069599 and they found nothing wrong
yE-wqKS0X7y-00299-00069600-00069767 then they called him
yE-wqKS0X7y-00300-00069768-00069999 and in the investigation they asked him
yE-wqKS0X7y-00301-00070000-00070191 we don't find anything wrong there must
yE-wqKS0X7y-00302-00070192-00070375 be something wrong because you're making
yE-wqKS0X7y-00303-00070376-00070591 so much money in such a short time there
yE-wqKS0X7y-00304-00070592-00070799 has to be a crime somewhere here where
yE-wqKS0X7y-00305-00070800-00070903 is it
yE-wqKS0X7y-00306-00070904-00071215 they're asking him
yE-wqKS0X7y-00307-00071216-00071479 so he said
yE-wqKS0X7y-00308-00071480-00071550 see
yE-wqKS0X7y-00309-00071551-00071687 i can
yE-wqKS0X7y-00310-00071688-00071967 pay absolute attention
yE-wqKS0X7y-00311-00071968-00072175 to anything that i see
yE-wqKS0X7y-00312-00072176-00072559 for up to five minutes
yE-wqKS0X7y-00313-00072560-00072750 can any of you do that
yE-wqKS0X7y-00314-00072751-00072926 that rubbish what five minutes can't we
yE-wqKS0X7y-00315-00072927-00073167 pay attention tell us what is it so he
yE-wqKS0X7y-00316-00073168-00073359 set up an experiment
yE-wqKS0X7y-00317-00073360-00073535 five minutes
yE-wqKS0X7y-00318-00073536-00073767 nobody could pay attention for more than
yE-wqKS0X7y-00319-00073768-00073894 few seconds
yE-wqKS0X7y-00320-00073895-00074262 their attention all over the place
yE-wqKS0X7y-00321-00074263-00074431 then they realize they're not able to
yE-wqKS0X7y-00322-00074432-00074694 pay attention for five minutes
yE-wqKS0X7y-00323-00074695-00074847 then he said you should not be running
yE-wqKS0X7y-00324-00074848-00074975 united states
yE-wqKS0X7y-00325-00074976-00075135 it's not going to go anywhere if you
yE-wqKS0X7y-00326-00075136-00075471 guys run this country
yE-wqKS0X7y-00327-00075472-00075606 because
yE-wqKS0X7y-00328-00075607-00075926 human attention can open up doors in the
yE-wqKS0X7y-00329-00075927-00076191 existence human memory
yE-wqKS0X7y-00330-00076192-00076462 will just recycle the past
yE-wqKS0X7y-00331-00076463-00076606 unfortunately
yE-wqKS0X7y-00332-00076607-00076838 right now data data data is becoming
yE-wqKS0X7y-00333-00076839-00076975 very big
yE-wqKS0X7y-00334-00076976-00077223 but anyway data people will sink once
yE-wqKS0X7y-00335-00077224-00077319 the
yE-wqKS0X7y-00336-00077320-00077406 more
yE-wqKS0X7y-00337-00077407-00077615 artificial intelligence becomes more
yE-wqKS0X7y-00338-00077616-00077791 prevalent
yE-wqKS0X7y-00339-00077792-00078023 my phone has more data than all of you
yE-wqKS0X7y-00340-00078024-00078191 put together
yE-wqKS0X7y-00341-00078192-00078326 hello
yE-wqKS0X7y-00342-00078327-00078479 yes or no
yE-wqKS0X7y-00343-00078480-00078838 it is capable of earning a phd a day
yE-wqKS0X7y-00344-00078839-00079094 yes it has enough information
yE-wqKS0X7y-00345-00079095-00079471 so do not mistake information and data
yE-wqKS0X7y-00346-00079472-00079743 as intelligence
yE-wqKS0X7y-00347-00079744-00079959 intelligence is sharpened only by
yE-wqKS0X7y-00348-00079960-00080071 attention
yE-wqKS0X7y-00349-00080072-00080326 not by thinking
yE-wqKS0X7y-00350-00080327-00080462 thinking means
yE-wqKS0X7y-00351-00080463-00080655 recycling data
yE-wqKS0X7y-00352-00080656-00080831 i am not saying data is completely
yE-wqKS0X7y-00353-00080832-00080959 irrelevant
yE-wqKS0X7y-00354-00080960-00081071 it is
yE-wqKS0X7y-00355-00081072-00081247 if you want to maintain a status quo
yE-wqKS0X7y-00356-00081248-00081519 data is important
yE-wqKS0X7y-00357-00081520-00081726 but if you want to be a leader a leader
yE-wqKS0X7y-00358-00081727-00081926 means you're a madman who is always
yE-wqKS0X7y-00359-00081927-00082238 wanting to step into something new
yE-wqKS0X7y-00360-00082239-00082518 something new means you want to get into
yE-wqKS0X7y-00361-00082519-00082767 unfamiliar terrain all the time
yE-wqKS0X7y-00362-00082768-00082982 unfamiliar terrain means you are
yE-wqKS0X7y-00363-00082983-00083254 consciously stepping into danger
yE-wqKS0X7y-00364-00083255-00083391 [Music]
yE-wqKS0X7y-00365-00083392-00083655 so your life is an adventure because
yE-wqKS0X7y-00366-00083656-00083879 it's an adventure everybody is looking
yE-wqKS0X7y-00367-00083880-00084071 up to you when everybody is looking up
yE-wqKS0X7y-00368-00084072-00084518 to you in case you fall it's very bad
yE-wqKS0X7y-00369-00084519-00084799 so it's very very important you upgrade
yE-wqKS0X7y-00370-00084800-00084982 the machine
yE-wqKS0X7y-00371-00084983-00085367 before you upgrade the activity
yE-wqKS0X7y-00372-00085368-00085444 [Music]
yE-wqKS0X7y-00373-00085445-00085514 [Applause]
yE-wqKS0X7y-00374-00085515-00085950 [Music]
yE-wqKS0X7y-00375-00085951-00086203 body
yE-wqKS0X7y-00376-00086204-00086508 [Music]
yF7FS7HZFF8-00000-00000000-00000470 I can do the same kind of bridge circuit
yF7FS7HZFF8-00001-00000471-00000671 with this potentiometer it has three
yF7FS7HZFF8-00002-00000672-00001000 wires on it the two outside wires go
yF7FS7HZFF8-00003-00001001-00001274 across a constant resistance and the
yF7FS7HZFF8-00004-00001275-00001453 third wire in the middle there is the
yF7FS7HZFF8-00005-00001454-00001705 wiper that goes and moves back and forth
yF7FS7HZFF8-00006-00001707-00001951 across that resistance to vary the
yF7FS7HZFF8-00007-00001952-00002141 resistance between each of the two pairs
yF7FS7HZFF8-00008-00002142-00002462 of pins so let's plug that in there's
yF7FS7HZFF8-00009-00002463-00002762 three wires plugged in there and I'll
yF7FS7HZFF8-00010-00002763-00003299 connect this side of that potentiometer
yF7FS7HZFF8-00011-00003300-00003760 to ground I'll connect the other side of
yF7FS7HZFF8-00012-00003761-00003961 the main resistance of that
yF7FS7HZFF8-00013-00003962-00004663 potentiometer to +5 volts and now I'll
yF7FS7HZFF8-00014-00004664-00005152 put my measurement in the middle and by
yF7FS7HZFF8-00015-00005153-00005726 adjusting that potentiometer from one
yF7FS7HZFF8-00016-00005727-00006184 end I'll have five volts
yF7FS7HZFF8-00017-00006185-00006703 keep on turning the knob I get an
yF7FS7HZFF8-00018-00006704-00007120 adjustable voltage source this is a
yF7FS7HZFF8-00019-00007122-00007334 voltage divider with a potentiometer in
yF7FS7HZFF8-00020-00007334-00007609 the middle which allows us to vary the
yF7FS7HZFF8-00021-00007611-00007994 voltage on that intermediate pin and we
yF7FS7HZFF8-00022-00007995-00008180 can use that as an adjustment for our
yF7FS7HZFF8-00023-00008181-00008588 circuits finally in the instance where
yF7FS7HZFF8-00024-00008589-00009121 we have a potentiometer we've got one
yF7FS7HZFF8-00025-00009122-00009424 big resistor and we've got a knob over
yF7FS7HZFF8-00026-00009425-00009742 here that allows us to move this slider
yF7FS7HZFF8-00027-00009743-00010196 back and forth on that resistor so
yF7FS7HZFF8-00028-00010197-00010442 there's our potentiometer so the
yF7FS7HZFF8-00029-00010443-00011120 resistance r1 and r2 can be changed and
yF7FS7HZFF8-00030-00011121-00011306 what's important is just the ratio
yF7FS7HZFF8-00031-00011307-00011710 between r1 and r2 let's follow this back
yF7FS7HZFF8-00032-00011711-00012134 through we got the voltage across this
yF7FS7HZFF8-00033-00012135-00012410 lower resistance this r2 resistance
yF7FS7HZFF8-00034-00012411-00013016 equal to IR and we got the current I
yF7FS7HZFF8-00035-00013016-00013411 equal to V over the total resist
yF7FS7HZFF8-00036-00013412-00014225 so that voltage right there will be
yF7FS7HZFF8-00037-00014226-00015161 equal to I times r2 and I is equal to
yF7FS7HZFF8-00038-00015162-00015965 the total voltage the five volts divided
yF7FS7HZFF8-00039-00015966-00017029 by r1 plus r2 so the measured voltage
yF7FS7HZFF8-00040-00017030-00017728 should be I that'll be total voltage
yF7FS7HZFF8-00041-00017729-00018752 times r2 divided by r1 plus r2 or you
yF7FS7HZFF8-00042-00018753-00018875 can just work through it step by step
yF7FS7HZFF8-00043-00018876-00019247 like we did over here and what we see is
yF7FS7HZFF8-00044-00019248-00019475 as we move this slider up and down when
yF7FS7HZFF8-00045-00019476-00019878 it moves up to here our measured voltage
yF7FS7HZFF8-00046-00019879-00020360 the VM that we get on our slider will be
yF7FS7HZFF8-00047-00020361-00020711 five volts when we move down here we'll
yF7FS7HZFF8-00048-00020712-00021563 get down to zero volts
yF7FS7HZFF8-00049-00021564-00021770 you
yGI6uTt38i0-00000-00000010-00002471 [Music]
yGI6uTt38i0-00001-00002472-00003058 rocket
yGI6uTt38i0-00002-00003059-00004368 [Music]
yGI6uTt38i0-00004-00014962-00015521 [Music]
yGI6uTt38i0-00005-00015522-00016031 [Music]
yHSPrOHeLGY-00000-00000722-00001354 [Music]
yHSPrOHeLGY-00001-00001355-00001509 [Applause]
yHSPrOHeLGY-00002-00001510-00001536 [Music]
yHSPrOHeLGY-00003-00001537-00001748 [Applause]
yJ6Hat9pfa8-00000-00000518-00000899 this is K way a remote area in the
yJ6Hat9pfa8-00001-00000900-00001174 district of Cusco in the heart of the
yJ6Hat9pfa8-00002-00001175-00001852 Peruvian Andes at 4,000 meters above sea
yJ6Hat9pfa8-00003-00001853-00002114 level the lack of rain and resources
yJ6Hat9pfa8-00004-00002115-00002284 make this one of the earth's most
yJ6Hat9pfa8-00005-00002285-00002701 inhospitable places nature here is cruel
yJ6Hat9pfa8-00006-00002702-00002999 to those who do not know how to use the
yJ6Hat9pfa8-00007-00003000-00003397 few opportunities it offers its
yJ6Hat9pfa8-00008-00003398-00003713 inhabitants certainly know how to they
yJ6Hat9pfa8-00009-00003714-00003944 are used to living in the middle of this
yJ6Hat9pfa8-00010-00003945-00004372 bleak upland Victoriano lives quite
yJ6Hat9pfa8-00011-00004373-00004663 close by he is a checker Rock a bridge
yJ6Hat9pfa8-00012-00004664-00004886 builder and the main person in charge of
yJ6Hat9pfa8-00013-00004887-00005236 kiswa Chucky's renewal Vidal is
yJ6Hat9pfa8-00014-00005237-00005576 Victoriano son he is studying art in
yJ6Hat9pfa8-00015-00005577-00006181 Lima and only comes during holiday time
yJ6Hat9pfa8-00016-00006182-00006442 Victoria knows dream is for his son to
yJ6Hat9pfa8-00017-00006443-00006892 carry on the family tradition
yJ6Hat9pfa8-00018-00006893-00007216 but Vidal seems to have other ideas like
yJ6Hat9pfa8-00019-00007217-00007541 many young migrants he is torn between
yJ6Hat9pfa8-00020-00007542-00007769 the comforts of the city and the harsh
yJ6Hat9pfa8-00021-00007770-00008866 plain his wife Jennifer keeps house and
yJ6Hat9pfa8-00022-00008867-00009319 looks after their daughter Paloma with
yJ6Hat9pfa8-00023-00009320-00009574 their husbands away women take on the
yJ6Hat9pfa8-00024-00009575-00009788 men's work and the jobs assigned to each
yJ6Hat9pfa8-00025-00009789-00010427 family by the community rural drift
yJ6Hat9pfa8-00026-00010428-00010645 among young people offers hope for the
yJ6Hat9pfa8-00027-00010646-00011005 economy however it also puts family
yJ6Hat9pfa8-00028-00011006-00011305 stability and a traditional lifestyle at
yJ6Hat9pfa8-00029-00011306-00012210 risk
yJ6Hat9pfa8-00030-00012211-00013333 [Music]
yJ6Hat9pfa8-00031-00013334-00013600 permission is asked of the APUs the
yJ6Hat9pfa8-00032-00013601-00014125 mountain spirits for each activity daily
yJ6Hat9pfa8-00033-00014126-00014350 life here is full of rituals reflecting
yJ6Hat9pfa8-00034-00014351-00014507 people's relationship with the
yJ6Hat9pfa8-00035-00014508-00015194 environment balance is the essence of
yJ6Hat9pfa8-00036-00015194-00015491 Pachamama each intervention by humankind
yJ6Hat9pfa8-00037-00015491-00015959 in nature must be carefully gauged
yJ6Hat9pfa8-00038-00015960-00016723 [Music]
yJ6Hat9pfa8-00039-00016724-00017060 Cayetano is the Paco the local shaman or
yJ6Hat9pfa8-00040-00017061-00017438 priest he treats the sick and oversees
yJ6Hat9pfa8-00041-00017439-00017843 rituals he also decides when to harvest
yJ6Hat9pfa8-00042-00017844-00018032 crops and sorts out rows between
yJ6Hat9pfa8-00043-00018033-00020634 neighbors
yJ6Hat9pfa8-00044-00020635-00020893 the spiritual leader is the only one
yJ6Hat9pfa8-00045-00020894-00021079 allowed by the APUs to set up at the
yJ6Hat9pfa8-00046-00021080-00021391 ritual table this includes offerings
yJ6Hat9pfa8-00047-00021392-00021607 dedicated to the Pachamama by the
yJ6Hat9pfa8-00048-00021608-00022096 villagers coca leaves alcohol tobacco
yJ6Hat9pfa8-00049-00022097-00022318 corn and other products
yJ6Hat9pfa8-00050-00022319-00022957 [Music]
yJ6Hat9pfa8-00051-00022958-00023222 important and Andean rituals always
yJ6Hat9pfa8-00052-00023223-00024563 require an animal to be sacrificed fire
yJ6Hat9pfa8-00053-00024564-00024821 is the way through which Pachamama is
yJ6Hat9pfa8-00054-00024822-00025244 nourished blood is essential to ensure
yJ6Hat9pfa8-00055-00025245-00025502 successful harvests and the fertility of
yJ6Hat9pfa8-00056-00025503-00025889 livestock also to sue if the apples and
yJ6Hat9pfa8-00057-00025889-00026641 drive away misfortunes
yJ6Hat9pfa8-00058-00026642-00027386 [Music]
yJ6Hat9pfa8-00059-00027387-00027670 mr. Roberto
yJ6Hat9pfa8-00060-00027670-00027887 [Music]
yJ6Hat9pfa8-00061-00027888-00028244 Jennifer prepares the what eeeh a way of
yJ6Hat9pfa8-00062-00028245-00028481 cooking food by using an oven carved in
yJ6Hat9pfa8-00063-00028482-00029588 the ground for the children work is a
yJ6Hat9pfa8-00064-00029589-00029798 game that will soon teach them to feel
yJ6Hat9pfa8-00065-00029799-00030239 useful this is what Paloma is doing her
yJ6Hat9pfa8-00066-00030239-00030619 neighbor Valentin - today skip school
yJ6Hat9pfa8-00067-00030620-00030947 he'd rather be here and learn from the
yJ6Hat9pfa8-00069-00036371-00036698 Victoriano has collected enough Koya it
yJ6Hat9pfa8-00070-00036699-00036917 is time to lay it out in the Sun before
yJ6Hat9pfa8-00071-00036918-00037907 preparing it next day Koya has many
yJ6Hat9pfa8-00072-00037908-00038285 other uses in daily life for example one
yJ6Hat9pfa8-00073-00038286-00039821 of them is as a mold for making cheeses
yJ6Hat9pfa8-00074-00039822-00041612 [Music]
yJ6Hat9pfa8-00075-00041613-00041878 yummy manager - here I come
yJ6Hat9pfa8-00076-00041879-00042976 [Music]
yJ6Hat9pfa8-00077-00042977-00044532 [Music]
yJ6Hat9pfa8-00078-00044533-00044796 [Music]
yJ6Hat9pfa8-00080-00049001-00049210 every day gives rise to differences
yJ6Hat9pfa8-00081-00049211-00049511 between the generations
yJ6Hat9pfa8-00082-00049512-00051176 [Music]
yJ6Hat9pfa8-00083-00051177-00051669 [Music]
yJ6Hat9pfa8-00084-00051670-00051916 agriculture and livestock for personal
yJ6Hat9pfa8-00085-00051917-00052183 use other key activities at this
yJ6Hat9pfa8-00086-00052184-00052429 altitude it is not easy to grow crops or
yJ6Hat9pfa8-00087-00052430-00052774 find fresh pastures to feed cattle in
yJ6Hat9pfa8-00088-00052775-00053080 the last few years the rainy season has
yJ6Hat9pfa8-00089-00053082-00053471 been getting shorter erosion and drought
yJ6Hat9pfa8-00090-00053472-00053701 make this place harsh
yJ6Hat9pfa8-00091-00053702-00054035 dusty territory where life seems to be
yJ6Hat9pfa8-00092-00054036-00054317 impossible
yJ6Hat9pfa8-00093-00054319-00054944 [Music]
yJ6Hat9pfa8-00094-00054945-00055236 but the same land that denies people
yJ6Hat9pfa8-00095-00055237-00055554 it's fine teeth conceals a treasure deep
yJ6Hat9pfa8-00096-00055554-00055812 in the earth that human is found in the
yJ6Hat9pfa8-00097-00055813-00056697 Andes thousands of years ago the potato
yJ6Hat9pfa8-00098-00056698-00057014 is the main food source at this altitude
yJ6Hat9pfa8-00099-00057015-00057315 it is grown in small family plots called
yJ6Hat9pfa8-00100-00057316-00057660 chakras there can be up to 300 Hardy
yJ6Hat9pfa8-00101-00057661-00057924 varieties of potato in these plots known
yJ6Hat9pfa8-00102-00057925-00058563 to the Incas and their predecessors the
yJ6Hat9pfa8-00103-00058564-00058779 diet is also supplemented by small
yJ6Hat9pfa8-00104-00058779-00059030 amounts of cereals and dairy products
yJ6Hat9pfa8-00105-00059032-00059370 from cows sheep and particularly Yama's
yJ6Hat9pfa8-00106-00059371-00059703 and alpacas the only animals native to
yJ6Hat9pfa8-00107-00059704-00059919 these high plains
yJ6Hat9pfa8-00108-00059920-00060914 [Music]
yJ6Hat9pfa8-00109-00060915-00061390 [Music]
yJ6Hat9pfa8-00110-00061391-00061649 most of the day is spent moving around
yJ6Hat9pfa8-00111-00061650-00061901 these fast spaces taking the cattle to
yJ6Hat9pfa8-00112-00061902-00062369 graze this also includes the children
yJ6Hat9pfa8-00113-00062370-00062603 there is only one school for the whole
yJ6Hat9pfa8-00114-00062604-00062927 area and some have a two-hour walk to
yJ6Hat9pfa8-00115-00062928-00063229 get to class when they come back they
yJ6Hat9pfa8-00116-00063230-00064703 help their parents on the land coca
yJ6Hat9pfa8-00117-00064704-00064907 leaves are an essential source of energy
yJ6Hat9pfa8-00118-00064908-00065473 and derivative for altitude sickness
yJ6Hat9pfa8-00119-00065474-00065762 although more usual in the humid jungle
yJ6Hat9pfa8-00120-00065763-00066044 areas not of this latitude people of the
yJ6Hat9pfa8-00121-00066045-00066515 Altiplano are never without it to
yJ6Hat9pfa8-00122-00066516-00066761 extract its most active properties it is
yJ6Hat9pfa8-00123-00066762-00067165 mixed with gifter a type of limestone
yJ6Hat9pfa8-00124-00067166-00067472 this releases the tiny amount of cocaine
yJ6Hat9pfa8-00125-00067473-00067844 in the leaves in just a few seconds but
yJ6Hat9pfa8-00126-00067845-00067991 while this substance is quickly
yJ6Hat9pfa8-00127-00067992-00068315 eliminated the body makes the most of
yJ6Hat9pfa8-00128-00068316-00068528 the minerals and vitamins essential for
yJ6Hat9pfa8-00129-00068529-00069203 its survival
yJ6Hat9pfa8-00130-00069204-00069522 Victoriana must braid 40 arms lengths of
yJ6Hat9pfa8-00131-00069523-00069849 quechua that means roughly 70 meters
yJ6Hat9pfa8-00132-00069850-00070122 this laborious task will take him
yJ6Hat9pfa8-00133-00070123-00071228 several hours
yJ6Hat9pfa8-00134-00071229-00072334 [Music]
yJ6Hat9pfa8-00135-00072335-00073259 [Music]
yJ6Hat9pfa8-00136-00073260-00074010 [Music]
yJ6Hat9pfa8-00137-00074011-00074360 and they can later
yJ6Hat9pfa8-00138-00074361-00076041 [Music]
yJ6Hat9pfa8-00139-00076042-00076371 I've been there another new visitor I
yJ6Hat9pfa8-00140-00076372-00077151 don't have been there the other homologa
yJ6Hat9pfa8-00142-00080567-00080797 women are not allowed to be a checker
yJ6Hat9pfa8-00143-00080798-00081112 rule rack but Paloma will soon learn the
yJ6Hat9pfa8-00144-00081113-00081322 braiding technique and at the same time
yJ6Hat9pfa8-00145-00081323-00081571 something that is much deeper and
yJ6Hat9pfa8-00146-00081572-00082402 significant the kesh were made of two
yJ6Hat9pfa8-00147-00082403-00082651 straws and the braiding method reflect
yJ6Hat9pfa8-00148-00082652-00083130 an essential part of the Andean mindset
yJ6Hat9pfa8-00149-00083131-00083419 the world is a system of opposites that
yJ6Hat9pfa8-00150-00083420-00083647 complement each other that keep the
yJ6Hat9pfa8-00151-00083648-00084217 flame of life burning masculine and
yJ6Hat9pfa8-00152-00084218-00084616 feminine light and darkness life and
yJ6Hat9pfa8-00153-00084617-00085117 death this duality is the driving force
yJ6Hat9pfa8-00154-00085118-00085465 of the universe an energy that is in
yJ6Hat9pfa8-00155-00085466-00085704 constant flux dividing and multiplying
yJ6Hat9pfa8-00156-00085705-00086245 to form more complex realities like all
yJ6Hat9pfa8-00157-00086246-00086512 the universe kayswitch occur is also
yJ6Hat9pfa8-00158-00086513-00086776 built from multiplying and dividing its
yJ6Hat9pfa8-00159-00086777-00088807 original dual source the Quechua done
yJ6Hat9pfa8-00160-00088808-00088996 terribly yet the third that I'm dead I'm
yJ6Hat9pfa8-00161-00088997-00089713 sick
yJ6Hat9pfa8-00162-00089714-00090371 [Music]
yJ6Hat9pfa8-00163-00090372-00090632 the afternoon goes by with the rhythm of
yJ6Hat9pfa8-00164-00090633-00091055 our working day Victoriano has finished
yJ6Hat9pfa8-00165-00091056-00091709 his schedule despite being a checker
yJ6Hat9pfa8-00166-00091710-00091976 rule wife Victoria knows family have the
yJ6Hat9pfa8-00167-00091977-00092165 same austere lifestyle as their
yJ6Hat9pfa8-00168-00092166-00092810 neighbors but even so they are lucky a
yJ6Hat9pfa8-00169-00092811-00093089 couple of cows and their calves is more
yJ6Hat9pfa8-00170-00093090-00093896 than a lot of people can afford both
yJ6Hat9pfa8-00171-00093897-00094091 animals and humans share the same
yJ6Hat9pfa8-00172-00094092-00094364 resources the cows must not feed more
yJ6Hat9pfa8-00173-00094365-00095591 than necessary peasant families are the
yJ6Hat9pfa8-00174-00095592-00095843 basic economic and social unit in the
yJ6Hat9pfa8-00175-00095844-00096343 Andes
yJ6Hat9pfa8-00176-00096344-00096743 today Vidal is making jr. a traditional
yJ6Hat9pfa8-00177-00096744-00096971 method of freeze drying potatoes using
yJ6Hat9pfa8-00178-00096972-00097388 the Sun and to frost a night this way
yJ6Hat9pfa8-00179-00097389-00098172 food can be kept for years
yJ6Hat9pfa8-00180-00098173-00098472 [Music]
yJ6Hat9pfa8-00181-00098473-00098803 from her vantage point Victoria knows
yJ6Hat9pfa8-00182-00098804-00099034 mother Cecilia seems to blend in
yJ6Hat9pfa8-00183-00099035-00099322 perfectly with her surroundings she
yJ6Hat9pfa8-00184-00099323-00099538 watches as the next generation takes
yJ6Hat9pfa8-00185-00099539-00100091 charge of the house
yJ6Hat9pfa8-00186-00100092-00100704 [Music]
yJ6Hat9pfa8-00187-00100705-00100843 you
yJ6Hat9pfa8-00188-00100844-00101153 [Music]
yJk6YO1O8sA-00000-00000160-00000484 the dream that I see for eh if is to
yJk6YO1O8sA-00001-00000484-00000808 really scale impact here in New Zealand
yJk6YO1O8sA-00002-00000809-00001129 so how can these amazing entrepreneurs
yJk6YO1O8sA-00003-00001130-00001321 and organizations from overseas that
yJk6YO1O8sA-00004-00001322-00001605 have amazing networks and amazing access
yJk6YO1O8sA-00005-00001607-00001851 to capital really grow and scale some
yJk6YO1O8sA-00006-00001852-00002023 really important local projects that we
yJk6YO1O8sA-00007-00002023-00002977 have here in Algeria
yJk6YO1O8sA-00008-00002978-00003184 you
yJefEj642DM-00000-00000000-00000227 hi everyone good afternoon or good
yJefEj642DM-00001-00000228-00000521 evening let me tell you right away this
yJefEj642DM-00002-00000522-00000862 is in my opinion the best 4X game in the
yJefEj642DM-00003-00000863-00001120 last 5 years probably the best new Forex
yJefEj642DM-00004-00001121-00001354 games since civilization 6. for me this
yJefEj642DM-00005-00001355-00001607 is almost like maybe it is literally the
yJefEj642DM-00006-00001607-00001852 new gold standard for Fantasy based
yJefEj642DM-00007-00001853-00002105 Forex games it did probably everything
yJefEj642DM-00008-00002106-00002357 right I only have like very minor
yJefEj642DM-00009-00002358-00002591 complaints okay you know what here let's
yJefEj642DM-00010-00002592-00002831 actually check the story realm we can do
yJefEj642DM-00011-00002832-00003125 normal so it has crystalline abundance
yJefEj642DM-00012-00003126-00003347 Mana resource nodes and pickups are
yJefEj642DM-00013-00003347-00003575 abandoned and inhabitable underground
yJefEj642DM-00014-00003576-00003929 alright and ancient ruins there are
yJefEj642DM-00015-00003929-00004145 ruins of the ancient Albany Court to be
yJefEj642DM-00016-00004146-00004391 found on this realm they can be rebuilt
yJefEj642DM-00017-00004392-00004649 to found a new cities okay okay we can
yJefEj642DM-00018-00004650-00005038 create a custom function for this story
yJefEj642DM-00019-00005039-00005338 yeah mobile people
yJefEj642DM-00020-00005339-00005615 I really like this phase ability I
yJefEj642DM-00021-00005616-00005752 really like it
yJefEj642DM-00022-00005753-00005968 it can only be used once per battle but
yJefEj642DM-00023-00005969-00006163 honestly once per bottle is often enough
yJefEj642DM-00024-00006164-00006664 malls on unicorns sneaky plus 25 damage
yJefEj642DM-00025-00006665-00006923 on flanking attacks hey this could
yJefEj642DM-00026-00006923-00007139 potentially be useful with UD chord
yJefEj642DM-00027-00007140-00007481 mounts because with phase ability we
yJefEj642DM-00028-00007481-00007763 will potentially have an easier time
yJefEj642DM-00029-00007764-00008081 doing flanking attacks just we have to
yJefEj642DM-00030-00008081-00008242 keep in mind that one is in defense mode
yJefEj642DM-00031-00008243-00008477 cannot be flanked okay weird sneaky
yJefEj642DM-00032-00008478-00008837 sneaky mole man a mole woman and more
yJefEj642DM-00033-00008838-00009142 children Mystic culture so they get more
yJefEj642DM-00034-00009143-00009460 Mana from some structures they get they
yJefEj642DM-00035-00009461-00009760 have achievement star blades so this is
yJefEj642DM-00036-00009761-00009971 an interesting one when you cast a spell
yJefEj642DM-00037-00009972-00010217 in combat the Uni's base attack will
yJefEj642DM-00038-00010218-00010414 randomly gain plus one fire damage
yJefEj642DM-00039-00010415-00010606 lightning damage or Frost damage for
yJefEj642DM-00040-00010607-00010864 three turns and this can stack up to 3
yJefEj642DM-00041-00010865-00011081 times and they also have this trait
yJefEj642DM-00042-00011082-00011278 which is a very interesting one this
yJefEj642DM-00043-00011279-00011506 gives you astral Echoes on the map which
yJefEj642DM-00044-00011507-00011705 are special pickups that are only
yJefEj642DM-00045-00011706-00011956 visible and collectible by rollers of
yJefEj642DM-00046-00011957-00012178 Mystic culture so astral Echoes will
yJefEj642DM-00047-00012179-00012431 gain the knowledge or mana on pickup and
yJefEj642DM-00048-00012432-00012628 then you also have the altar of all
yJefEj642DM-00049-00012629-00012905 Sears a structure which grants income
yJefEj642DM-00050-00012906-00013060 depending on the amount of actual
yJefEj642DM-00051-00013061-00013265 accounts you collected okay let's go for
yJefEj642DM-00052-00013266-00013480 Mystic why not this will give us like
yJefEj642DM-00053-00013481-00013679 more stuff on the map to pick up for
yJefEj642DM-00054-00013680-00013979 these astral Echoes Mana addicts so this
yJefEj642DM-00055-00013980-00014165 is the combo I already kind of had in
yJefEj642DM-00056-00014166-00014549 mind because we picked Mystic which
yJefEj642DM-00057-00014550-00014771 means we'll have a tournament star blade
yJefEj642DM-00058-00014772-00015011 so Mana addicts would be an interesting
yJefEj642DM-00059-00015012-00015238 Synergy with that because with Mana
yJefEj642DM-00060-00015240-00015544 addicts all your units will gain Mana
yJefEj642DM-00061-00015545-00015851 addicted a tournament which means that
yJefEj642DM-00062-00015852-00016127 when you cast any combat spell this unit
yJefEj642DM-00063-00016128-00016385 will gain life still for one turn and
yJefEj642DM-00064-00016386-00016589 life still means that this unit's
yJefEj642DM-00065-00016590-00016786 attacks will heal it for 10 temporary
yJefEj642DM-00066-00016787-00016955 hit points when they hit and for
yJefEj642DM-00067-00016956-00017207 repeating attacks 5. however if you
yJefEj642DM-00068-00017208-00017572 don't do it you will suffer -5 morale at
yJefEj642DM-00069-00017573-00017783 the end of its turn if no combat spell
yJefEj642DM-00070-00017784-00018041 was cast this turn so there is a penalty
yJefEj642DM-00071-00018042-00018167 because you know they're supposed to be
yJefEj642DM-00072-00018168-00018449 addicted they will get withdrawals if
yJefEj642DM-00073-00018450-00018641 you don't fit their addiction
yJefEj642DM-00074-00018642-00018839 but I began with the game lifestyle is
yJefEj642DM-00075-00018840-00019061 pretty powerful and this would synergize
yJefEj642DM-00076-00019062-00019336 well with star Blazer tournament you
yJefEj642DM-00077-00019337-00019522 will also get plus one rank on battle
yJefEj642DM-00078-00019523-00019757 mage and support units and you will
yJefEj642DM-00079-00019758-00019936 start with an extra battle mage or
yJefEj642DM-00080-00019937-00020147 support unit I think we should grab Mana
yJefEj642DM-00081-00020148-00020422 addicts okay gifted custards might
yJefEj642DM-00082-00020423-00020693 actually kind of make sense because keep
yJefEj642DM-00083-00020694-00020975 in mind we'll want to cast a lot of
yJefEj642DM-00084-00020976-00021221 spells in combat because not only we get
yJefEj642DM-00085-00021222-00021407 the bonuses when we cast spell silicon
yJefEj642DM-00086-00021408-00021658 but we get the penalty if we don't so
yJefEj642DM-00087-00021659-00021886 cheaper combat spells would kind of make
yJefEj642DM-00088-00021887-00022163 sense minus 20 percent less Mana to cast
yJefEj642DM-00089-00022164-00022444 and also more combat casting points and
yJefEj642DM-00090-00022445-00022733 more world map casting points and we
yJefEj642DM-00091-00022734-00022894 start with one extra combat spell
yJefEj642DM-00092-00022895-00023111 unlocked okay so let's go one with the
yJefEj642DM-00093-00023112-00023344 Mana addicts and gifted casters okay
yJefEj642DM-00094-00023345-00023567 let's get some of the vocation
yJefEj642DM-00095-00023568-00023794 I like this one lightning torrent is
yJefEj642DM-00096-00023795-00024071 actually pretty nice 20 damage is quite
yJefEj642DM-00097-00024072-00024155 a lot
yJefEj642DM-00098-00024156-00024364 magic balls
yJefEj642DM-00099-00024365-00024599 magecraft ignore up to one status
yJefEj642DM-00100-00024600-00024922 resistance gain plus 10 percent accuracy
yJefEj642DM-00101-00024923-00025133 okay I guess learning orb kind of makes
yJefEj642DM-00102-00025134-00025378 sense so it does Define model like
yJefEj642DM-00103-00025379-00025625 non-cosmetic option I guess we can use
yJefEj642DM-00104-00025626-00025870 the wizard HUD
yJefEj642DM-00105-00025872-00026194 okay this is more of a robe
yJefEj642DM-00106-00026195-00026464 okay I think this works
yJefEj642DM-00107-00026466-00026723 all right I think that works so we are
yJefEj642DM-00108-00026724-00026968 the Grand Mall of Mars model or of
yJefEj642DM-00109-00026969-00027245 Mystic moment
yJefEj642DM-00110-00027245-00027412 so we are mulking
yJefEj642DM-00111-00027413-00027611 with unicorn amounts
yJefEj642DM-00112-00027612-00027887 we are sneaky so we do more damage on
yJefEj642DM-00113-00027888-00028157 flanking attacks we are Mystic culture
yJefEj642DM-00114-00028158-00028487 we are Mana addicts and we are also
yJefEj642DM-00115-00028488-00028624 gifted casters
yJefEj642DM-00116-00028625-00028912 okay so here's our starting magic does
yJefEj642DM-00117-00028913-00029111 it damage spell right there Target unit
yJefEj642DM-00118-00029112-00029374 sustained stand lightening Magic 10 fire
yJefEj642DM-00119-00029375-00029681 10 frost so anime you need in a one hex
yJefEj642DM-00120-00029682-00029927 radius will sustain 15 lightning damage
yJefEj642DM-00121-00029927-00030262 and have 60 chance of becoming
yJefEj642DM-00122-00030263-00030401 electrified
yJefEj642DM-00123-00030402-00030623 which makes them take eight lightning
yJefEj642DM-00124-00030624-00030868 damage per turn and then we have Magic
yJefEj642DM-00125-00030869-00031157 Shield which is a buff style so that is
yJefEj642DM-00126-00031158-00031468 also used in battle the target unit will
yJefEj642DM-00127-00031469-00031733 gain two balls to the defense and the
yJefEj642DM-00128-00031733-00031918 two bolster resistance
yJefEj642DM-00129-00031919-00032158 all right a new dawn a long have
yJefEj642DM-00130-00032160-00032405 domestic moleman wandered Atlas as
yJefEj642DM-00131-00032406-00032789 Exiles or Granada Mall marbles yeah
yJefEj642DM-00132-00032790-00033052 that's definitely mouthful by Leading
yJefEj642DM-00133-00033053-00033209 them to this Valley you have returned
yJefEj642DM-00134-00033210-00033443 them you have returned it to them their
yJefEj642DM-00135-00033444-00033539 hope
yJefEj642DM-00136-00033540-00033862 a proud city of Vortex represents a new
yJefEj642DM-00137-00033863-00034090 beginning for your people they are eager
yJefEj642DM-00138-00034091-00034295 to study beyond the city Gates and claim
yJefEj642DM-00139-00034296-00034499 the surrounding land as their own
yJefEj642DM-00140-00034500-00034721 to expand your domain hunt down the
yJefEj642DM-00141-00034722-00034961 creatures near vortex at the grow new
yJefEj642DM-00142-00034962-00035231 population to place your first farm
yJefEj642DM-00143-00035232-00035446 right okay
yJefEj642DM-00144-00035447-00035693 oh and we actually have a quest here we
yJefEj642DM-00145-00035694-00035896 have our hero who's like arranged
yJefEj642DM-00146-00035897-00036017 basically
yJefEj642DM-00147-00036018-00036268 support support
yJefEj642DM-00148-00036269-00036617 alarm battle mage battlemage yeah we're
yJefEj642DM-00149-00036618-00036833 going to need more of my life anyway so
yJefEj642DM-00150-00036834-00037073 if I add a union to the Q we will
yJefEj642DM-00151-00037074-00037295 immediately spend the 60 goals that he
yJefEj642DM-00152-00037296-00037546 requires and his recruitment will take
yJefEj642DM-00153-00037547-00037762 well as long as you need to accumulate
yJefEj642DM-00154-00037763-00038045 80 draft do we get 21 per turn and then
yJefEj642DM-00155-00038046-00038243 we have the cure for the building so the
yJefEj642DM-00156-00038244-00038405 most important mechanic is the Boost
yJefEj642DM-00157-00038406-00038633 because boosting a building means it
yJefEj642DM-00158-00038634-00038879 reduces its cost by 30 percent which is
yJefEj642DM-00159-00038880-00039196 huge and You boasted by getting Province
yJefEj642DM-00160-00039197-00039545 improvements so if I get a Forester I
yJefEj642DM-00161-00039546-00039724 will boast the storehouse
yJefEj642DM-00162-00039725-00040001 if I get a farm I will boss the vendor
yJefEj642DM-00163-00040002-00040240 and you get these improvements by
yJefEj642DM-00164-00040241-00040517 annexing provinces and you can Annex one
yJefEj642DM-00165-00040518-00040757 Province per population maybe we can get
yJefEj642DM-00166-00040758-00040912 some food right away from some of the
yJefEj642DM-00167-00040913-00041165 pickups oh yeah and here are these are
yJefEj642DM-00168-00041166-00041573 like the special pickups for Mystics
yJefEj642DM-00169-00041574-00041645 foreign
yJefEj642DM-00170-00041646-00041974 Mana
yJefEj642DM-00171-00041975-00042245 and this guy is for the quest that's why
yJefEj642DM-00172-00042246-00042461 he has this icon over there let's move
yJefEj642DM-00173-00042462-00042617 our hero first
yJefEj642DM-00174-00042618-00042790 okay nothing is in range that I could
yJefEj642DM-00175-00042791-00042911 pick up
yJefEj642DM-00176-00042912-00043187 at the moment sometimes you have an
yJefEj642DM-00177-00043188-00043433 early opportunity to get some photo from
yJefEj642DM-00178-00043434-00043630 a pickup which can speed up that first
yJefEj642DM-00179-00043631-00043990 initial post not in this particular case
yJefEj642DM-00180-00043991-00044321 I could attack this stock right away
yJefEj642DM-00181-00044322-00044590 what's this a river troll
yJefEj642DM-00182-00044591-00044879 he is slippery which means he does not
yJefEj642DM-00183-00044880-00045089 trigger opportunity attacks he has
yJefEj642DM-00184-00045090-00045352 Demolisher so he damages fortified
yJefEj642DM-00185-00045353-00045743 obstacles he's resistant to charges he
yJefEj642DM-00186-00045744-00045989 ignores effects of terrain and he has
yJefEj642DM-00187-00045990-00046271 regeneration he heals 10 percent of his
yJefEj642DM-00188-00046272-00046601 maximum hit points at the end of his
yJefEj642DM-00189-00046602-00046846 turn in combat if this unit sustains
yJefEj642DM-00190-00046847-00047057 fire damage the Regeneration stops for
yJefEj642DM-00191-00047058-00047237 one turn okay and we could probably do
yJefEj642DM-00192-00047238-00047596 this the weakness of my group is the
yJefEj642DM-00193-00047597-00047837 lack of my life that might be a problem
yJefEj642DM-00194-00047838-00048083 let's check our research first before we
yJefEj642DM-00195-00048084-00048305 do anything else yeah I think that
yJefEj642DM-00196-00048306-00048587 someone makes sense this is a shock you
yJefEj642DM-00197-00048588-00048796 need so it's a mela you need there are
yJefEj642DM-00198-00048797-00049024 also some neutral spells that are not
yJefEj642DM-00199-00049025-00049252 tied to any specific achievement grants
yJefEj642DM-00200-00049253-00049540 anonymistic units right so we will
yJefEj642DM-00201-00049541-00049739 obviously want this because that's one
yJefEj642DM-00202-00049740-00050057 of the core features of our race it
yJefEj642DM-00203-00050058-00050243 might be worth looking just to make sure
yJefEj642DM-00204-00050244-00050524 we'll get it this is pretty important
yJefEj642DM-00205-00050525-00050830 it's pretty important okay we'll lock it
yJefEj642DM-00206-00050831-00051095 and we'll research a lesser storm Spirit
yJefEj642DM-00207-00051096-00051323 now recruiting this guard will take 4
yJefEj642DM-00208-00051324-00051544 turns I probably want to kill this Stark
yJefEj642DM-00209-00051545-00051719 because I assume they will have rewards
yJefEj642DM-00210-00051720-00051923 this is a decent outcome because there
yJefEj642DM-00211-00051924-00052151 was a level there was a tier 3 unit in
yJefEj642DM-00212-00052152-00052451 here which was pretty strong and we did
yJefEj642DM-00213-00052452-00052744 not lose anything our polar arm guy took
yJefEj642DM-00214-00052745-00053026 significant damage because he's
yJefEj642DM-00215-00053027-00053207 literally like the only Mela unit in
yJefEj642DM-00216-00053208-00053375 here but I will actually keep this
yJefEj642DM-00217-00053376-00053566 outcome this is a good one all right so
yJefEj642DM-00218-00053567-00053687 all right let's just start building
yJefEj642DM-00219-00053688-00053909 something here I think Corey will be
yJefEj642DM-00220-00053910-00054088 like at the bottom of my priority list
yJefEj642DM-00221-00054089-00054382 but on the other hand we will need a lot
yJefEj642DM-00222-00054383-00054503 of Mana
yJefEj642DM-00223-00054504-00054707 so let's open with the shrine and I'll
yJefEj642DM-00224-00054708-00054880 build the other stuff once we get the
yJefEj642DM-00225-00054882-00055097 boss for it which we will in four turns
yJefEj642DM-00226-00055098-00055325 and oh yeah and one more thing we can do
yJefEj642DM-00227-00055326-00055553 you start with one Whispering Stone
yJefEj642DM-00228-00055554-00055769 Whispering stone is something you give
yJefEj642DM-00229-00055770-00056129 to a city state free City it will start
yJefEj642DM-00230-00056129-00056369 gaining influence whether that City but
yJefEj642DM-00231-00056370-00056537 since we have a known right now I can
yJefEj642DM-00232-00056538-00056694 give it to my Capital
yJefEj642DM-00233-00056695-00056950 temporarily because this will give us
yJefEj642DM-00234-00056951-00057304 plaster stability per turn for up to 20.
yJefEj642DM-00235-00057305-00057515 but it will give you stability to the
yJefEj642DM-00236-00057516-00057730 city you give it to basically and higher
yJefEj642DM-00237-00057732-00057994 stability gives you bonuses to yields so
yJefEj642DM-00238-00057995-00058253 you get five percent unstable which we
yJefEj642DM-00239-00058254-00058480 have right now 10 percent add orderly
yJefEj642DM-00240-00058482-00058775 and 15 on Harmony
yJefEj642DM-00241-00058776-00058979 so that's our first turn
yJefEj642DM-00242-00058979-00059182 yeah it's kind of like on voice sort of
yJefEj642DM-00243-00059183-00059513 yeah yeah I guess that's a good analogy
yJefEj642DM-00244-00059514-00059759 you don't get as many as on voice though
yJefEj642DM-00245-00059760-00060004 you only get like a few a quest befriend
yJefEj642DM-00246-00060005-00060226 City Quest okay so they want us to get
yJefEj642DM-00247-00060227-00060485 packed of vaselage with a city-state I
yJefEj642DM-00248-00060486-00060659 will probably keep keep calling them
yJefEj642DM-00249-00060660-00060815 city-states because you know I have
yJefEj642DM-00250-00060816-00061066 thousands of hours in save their city
yJefEj642DM-00251-00061067-00061294 states damn it so I can accept this
yJefEj642DM-00252-00061295-00061385 Quest
yJefEj642DM-00253-00061386-00061792 and I'll get some resolution as a reward
yJefEj642DM-00254-00061794-00062123 and the Mystery bonus I can refuse which
yJefEj642DM-00255-00062124-00062332 will give me some evil alignment and if
yJefEj642DM-00256-00062333-00062680 I refuse I will also receive 279 the
yJefEj642DM-00257-00062682-00063011 draft in my Capital but also minus 300
yJefEj642DM-00258-00063012-00063365 relations with this City Oregon straight
yJefEj642DM-00259-00063366-00063635 up decline yeah we'll accept
yJefEj642DM-00260-00063636-00063785 that's fine
yJefEj642DM-00261-00063786-00064000 so where are they over here
yJefEj642DM-00262-00064001-00064235 I guess we'll be giving them
yJefEj642DM-00263-00064236-00064642 the whispering Stone
yJefEj642DM-00264-00064644-00064823 right so once we give them the
yJefEj642DM-00265-00064824-00065165 whispering Stone we will get the option
yJefEj642DM-00266-00065166-00065488 to yours some Imperium to boost
yJefEj642DM-00267-00065489-00065771 Allegiance it can't do it right now but
yJefEj642DM-00268-00065772-00065969 it will pop up soon enough let's keep
yJefEj642DM-00269-00065970-00066094 scouting then
yJefEj642DM-00270-00066095-00066425 there's a pickup
yJefEj642DM-00271-00066426-00066755 so 46 Mana all right
yJefEj642DM-00272-00066756-00066991 so here's an iron deposit that's guarded
yJefEj642DM-00273-00066992-00067259 by some neutral nodes
yJefEj642DM-00274-00067260-00067594 needs
yJefEj642DM-00275-00067595-00067800 all right
yJefEj642DM-00276-00067801-00068099 meeting the separatists
yJefEj642DM-00277-00068100-00068305 okay
yJefEj642DM-00278-00068306-00068585 who parted ways with a domestic moment
yJefEj642DM-00279-00068586-00068794 loyal to her
yJefEj642DM-00280-00068795-00069005 as the old tribe entered the valley of
yJefEj642DM-00281-00069006-00069293 Wonders
yJefEj642DM-00282-00069294-00069503 give Rona one of your Whispering stones
yJefEj642DM-00283-00069504-00069838 to start negotiations
yJefEj642DM-00284-00069839-00070229 all right wait we already did that
yJefEj642DM-00285-00070230-00070535 okay right so we don't have
yJefEj642DM-00286-00070536-00070900 uh some bonus resources here
yJefEj642DM-00287-00070901-00071099 so when you have a resource like this a
yJefEj642DM-00288-00071100-00071494 pasture inside a province you will get
yJefEj642DM-00289-00071495-00071794 the resources from that node
yJefEj642DM-00290-00071795-00072094 just by annexing the province so in
yJefEj642DM-00291-00072095-00072275 order to get 10 foot from this I don't
yJefEj642DM-00292-00072276-00072503 need to place a farm I just need to
yJefEj642DM-00293-00072504-00072647 Annex this province with literally
yJefEj642DM-00294-00072648-00072905 anything and as soon as I do I will get
yJefEj642DM-00295-00072906-00073109 plus 10 food from that
yJefEj642DM-00296-00073110-00073306 just to make that clear
yJefEj642DM-00297-00073307-00073535 okay let's kill this guy right so when
yJefEj642DM-00298-00073536-00073906 you engage you can have three
yJefEj642DM-00299-00073907-00074206 armies join the combat as long as they
yJefEj642DM-00300-00074207-00074405 are within three-time range these are
yJefEj642DM-00301-00074406-00074885 like two tier one really shitty units so
yJefEj642DM-00302-00074886-00075203 we should probably heal but it's fine
yJefEj642DM-00303-00075204-00075515 all right let's keep moving
yJefEj642DM-00304-00075516-00075844 and a PC maroning Army
yJefEj642DM-00305-00075845-00076109 so tier one
yJefEj642DM-00306-00076110-00076426 tier 2 storm scale serpent you're
yJefEj642DM-00307-00076427-00076709 guarding a gold vein
yJefEj642DM-00308-00076710-00076973 Focus crystals
yJefEj642DM-00309-00076974-00077200 oh yeah that's a magic material
yJefEj642DM-00310-00077201-00077362 you need to gained 10 percent more
yJefEj642DM-00311-00077363-00077567 experience I'll probably want to grab
yJefEj642DM-00312-00077568-00077794 that
yJefEj642DM-00313-00077795-00078041 I think the idea is that almond Inspire
yJefEj642DM-00314-00078042-00078232 will grab it
yJefEj642DM-00315-00078233-00078479 seems like it
yJefEj642DM-00316-00078480-00078737 I think it does the idea
yJefEj642DM-00317-00078738-00079000 hey okay empire development so let's
yJefEj642DM-00318-00079001-00079300 pick this up we will need as many combat
yJefEj642DM-00319-00079301-00079565 casting points as possible because our
yJefEj642DM-00320-00079566-00079888 entire like setup is based on casting as
yJefEj642DM-00321-00079889-00080099 many combat spells as we can as often as
yJefEj642DM-00322-00080100-00080362 we can yeah so that's the first one gain
yJefEj642DM-00323-00080363-00080603 20 combat casting points and the 20
yJefEj642DM-00324-00080604-00081017 world map casting points
yJefEj642DM-00325-00081018-00081547 okay 38 research good
yJefEj642DM-00326-00081548-00081935 toe tier one tier one so this is an
yJefEj642DM-00327-00081936-00082087 infestation
yJefEj642DM-00328-00082088-00082397 infestations are kind of like barbarians
yJefEj642DM-00329-00082398-00082661 so they spawn a dormant they will also
yJefEj642DM-00330-00082662-00082894 have their own domain which you can see
yJefEj642DM-00331-00082895-00083009 in red
yJefEj642DM-00332-00083010-00083194 and over time if you've done the deal
yJefEj642DM-00333-00083195-00083465 with them they will expand so they will
yJefEj642DM-00334-00083466-00083735 claim extra territory eventually they
yJefEj642DM-00335-00083736-00083975 will start patrolling their domain
yJefEj642DM-00336-00083976-00084203 and if you still don't deal with them
yJefEj642DM-00337-00084204-00084562 they will spawn raiding parties that
yJefEj642DM-00338-00084563-00084755 will attack your territory and like
yJefEj642DM-00339-00084756-00084953 pillage your improvements so you get rid
yJefEj642DM-00340-00084954-00085193 of infestations by destroying the
yJefEj642DM-00341-00085194-00085349 Spawner in the middle all right let me
yJefEj642DM-00342-00085350-00085559 rename the city
yJefEj642DM-00343-00085560-00085787 you will be more Central so we
yJefEj642DM-00344-00085788-00085979 definitely want to get rid of this guy
yJefEj642DM-00345-00085980-00086231 it's only guarded by tall shitty Tier 1
yJefEj642DM-00346-00086232-00086362 units
yJefEj642DM-00347-00086363-00086531 which means we don't want to give them
yJefEj642DM-00348-00086532-00086706 the opportunity to grow Beyond a lot
yJefEj642DM-00349-00086707-00087112 okay so now in theory if I wanted to I'm
yJefEj642DM-00350-00087113-00087281 not saying this is a good choice or a
yJefEj642DM-00351-00087282-00087491 bad choice but if I wanted to I could
yJefEj642DM-00352-00087492-00087779 spend 30 Imperium to grow my city to top
yJefEj642DM-00353-00087780-00088000 population immediately instead of having
yJefEj642DM-00354-00088001-00088306 to wait two turns then Annex a territory
yJefEj642DM-00355-00088307-00088588 and then start building like whatever I
yJefEj642DM-00356-00088589-00088756 decide to boast with it which is
yJefEj642DM-00357-00088757-00089038 probably a good idea actually
yJefEj642DM-00358-00089039-00089368 so we can spend 30 this scales based on
yJefEj642DM-00359-00089369-00089626 like how much more food you need to grow
yJefEj642DM-00360-00089627-00089929 so now I can Annex one of the provinces
yJefEj642DM-00361-00089930-00090209 so like I said earlier there are a few
yJefEj642DM-00362-00090210-00090382 things to consider the first one is the
yJefEj642DM-00363-00090383-00090479 boast
yJefEj642DM-00364-00090480-00090712 so I Storehouse for example requires a
yJefEj642DM-00365-00090713-00091006 Forester evocators Abode requires a farm
yJefEj642DM-00366-00091007-00091288 the second consideration
yJefEj642DM-00367-00091289-00091529 are the yields from the Improvement
yJefEj642DM-00368-00091530-00091631 itself
yJefEj642DM-00369-00091632-00091918 so a farm will give you five food the
yJefEj642DM-00370-00091919-00092111 Corey will give you five production Etc
yJefEj642DM-00371-00092112-00092381 and the third consideration are any
yJefEj642DM-00372-00092382-00092621 unique features in the province you are
yJefEj642DM-00373-00092622-00092903 planning to Annex so for example in this
yJefEj642DM-00374-00092904-00093161 one we have an r on deposit which when
yJefEj642DM-00375-00093162-00093455 our next will give us 10 production that
yJefEj642DM-00376-00093456-00093641 does not mean I have to build liquory to
yJefEj642DM-00377-00093642-00093797 get that production I can build anything
yJefEj642DM-00378-00093798-00094103 if I build a farm I will still get 10
yJefEj642DM-00379-00094104-00094325 production from the iron deposit yeah if
yJefEj642DM-00380-00094326-00094529 I build a farm over here I will get five
yJefEj642DM-00381-00094530-00094799 food and the 10 production which is
yJefEj642DM-00382-00094800-00094991 probably what I want to do alright let's
yJefEj642DM-00383-00094992-00095197 go with that then
yJefEj642DM-00384-00095198-00095488 so we were at 21 production before this
yJefEj642DM-00385-00095489-00095747 now we should be at 31.
yJefEj642DM-00386-00095748-00095944 you have tamed the land around the mall
yJefEj642DM-00387-00095945-00096167 Central and invoked a spirit of optimism
yJefEj642DM-00388-00096168-00096461 and adventure in your people okay for
yJefEj642DM-00389-00096462-00096700 six turns you gain the 32 stability per
yJefEj642DM-00390-00096701-00097049 turn what per turn really
yJefEj642DM-00391-00097050-00097379 okay that seems like a lot so for six
yJefEj642DM-00392-00097380-00097732 turns Mall essential gains 39 gold per
yJefEj642DM-00393-00097733-00098062 turn we can receive 234 Ford and
yJefEj642DM-00394-00098063-00098249 immediately gained one population can
yJefEj642DM-00395-00098250-00098591 get the draft to get some units with and
yJefEj642DM-00396-00098592-00098747 we could gain knowledge let's get the
yJefEj642DM-00397-00098748-00098968 food growing the city early is pretty
yJefEj642DM-00398-00098969-00099244 important especially since upgrading the
yJefEj642DM-00399-00099245-00099485 town hall gives you access to higher
yJefEj642DM-00400-00099486-00099743 Terry units that's how you unlock higher
yJefEj642DM-00401-00099744-00099917 tier culture units
yJefEj642DM-00402-00099918-00100193 and you both the town hall by having in
yJefEj642DM-00403-00100194-00100415 this case five population so Town Hall
yJefEj642DM-00404-00100416-00100697 tier 2 would give me my tier Toyo needs
yJefEj642DM-00405-00100698-00100900 higher level town hall is what gives you
yJefEj642DM-00406-00100901-00101129 access to higher tier units so I don't
yJefEj642DM-00407-00101130-00101362 want to get five pop as soon as possible
yJefEj642DM-00408-00101363-00101543 to boss this and now we can get
yJefEj642DM-00409-00101544-00101723 evocators Abode which will give us
yJefEj642DM-00410-00101724-00102011 manual draft and production
yJefEj642DM-00411-00102012-00102221 we will be casting a lot of spells so we
yJefEj642DM-00412-00102222-00102430 definitely want a Mana so now we could
yJefEj642DM-00413-00102431-00102718 actually get a conduit or a research
yJefEj642DM-00414-00102719-00102886 post over here
yJefEj642DM-00415-00102888-00103115 there's a Mana note over there it's just
yJefEj642DM-00416-00103116-00103360 occupied so the Mana node itself will
yJefEj642DM-00417-00103361-00103589 give us plaster mana and because there's
yJefEj642DM-00418-00103590-00103853 a Mana node we are allowed to build a
yJefEj642DM-00419-00103854-00104104 research post or a conduit I'm leaning
yJefEj642DM-00420-00104105-00104303 towards conduit I will be clearing this
yJefEj642DM-00421-00104304-00104494 whatever is guarding it alright let's
yJefEj642DM-00422-00104495-00104663 get them on a node
yJefEj642DM-00423-00104664-00105034 is guarded by it here to arranged tier
yJefEj642DM-00424-00105035-00105281 one shock unit that's fine what do they
yJefEj642DM-00425-00105282-00105457 want us to do
yJefEj642DM-00426-00105458-00105790 will get knowledge and a mystery bonus
yJefEj642DM-00427-00105791-00105952 alright
yJefEj642DM-00428-00105953-00106240 as shall see monsters so in two turns
yJefEj642DM-00429-00106241-00106486 we'll get part of cooperation which will
yJefEj642DM-00430-00106488-00106702 enable trading anyway now we can move
yJefEj642DM-00431-00106703-00106895 let's get rid of this infestation then
yJefEj642DM-00432-00106896-00107177 shall we
yJefEj642DM-00433-00107178-00107399 okay yeah we barely took any damage
yJefEj642DM-00434-00107400-00107590 these were like totally shitty tier one
yJefEj642DM-00435-00107591-00107825 units and now we'll get some rewards
yJefEj642DM-00436-00107826-00108028 because you don't get the rewards for
yJefEj642DM-00437-00108029-00108221 beating an infestation
yJefEj642DM-00438-00108222-00108586 we got a tier 3 demonic Shield really
yJefEj642DM-00439-00108588-00108736 okay
yJefEj642DM-00440-00108738-00109019 plus free defense against non-flanking
yJefEj642DM-00441-00109020-00109360 attacks and then terrifying aura at the
yJefEj642DM-00442-00109361-00109565 end of this unit's turn at the Json
yJefEj642DM-00443-00109566-00110008 enemy loses -5 morale okay 80 gold 80
yJefEj642DM-00444-00110009-00110386 production and 112 gold okay okay
yJefEj642DM-00445-00110388-00110621 now unfortunately because I'm using
yJefEj642DM-00446-00110622-00110849 lightning orb I cannot use the Demonic
yJefEj642DM-00447-00110850-00111052 Shield but it will be useful for other
yJefEj642DM-00448-00111053-00111389 Heroes okay so we leveled up our hero I
yJefEj642DM-00449-00111390-00111533 might need this guy to be a little bit
yJefEj642DM-00450-00111533-00111731 more tanky because on average I will
yJefEj642DM-00451-00111732-00111971 have a lot of battle mage units and such
yJefEj642DM-00452-00111972-00112234 alright let's pick up lightning evoker
yJefEj642DM-00453-00112235-00112547 this is a pretty nice AOE
yJefEj642DM-00454-00112548-00112775 so now we want to clear this Stark
yJefEj642DM-00455-00112776-00112943 because we are next that territory
yJefEj642DM-00456-00112944-00113275 already but we're not getting anything
yJefEj642DM-00457-00113276-00113519 from the crystals because they're
yJefEj642DM-00458-00113520-00113740 occupied let's build the vendor because
yJefEj642DM-00459-00113741-00113878 it's boasted
yJefEj642DM-00460-00113879-00114184 that's more gold and we'll get plus one
yJefEj642DM-00461-00114185-00114365 and pop on the next turn
yJefEj642DM-00462-00114366-00114713 nice
yJefEj642DM-00463-00114714-00114893 all right so let's kill the stack over
yJefEj642DM-00464-00114894-00114983 here
yJefEj642DM-00465-00114983-00115271 that's like two your needs pretty easy
yJefEj642DM-00466-00115272-00115547 ones
yJefEj642DM-00467-00115548-00115825 now we will actually get plus 10 Mana
yJefEj642DM-00468-00115826-00116104 from the Mana node
yJefEj642DM-00469-00116105-00116321 now we can stay inside our domain to
yJefEj642DM-00470-00116322-00116554 heal so now if we check our health
yJefEj642DM-00471-00116555-00116915 regeneration we will regain 25 Health
yJefEj642DM-00472-00116916-00117065 per turn
yJefEj642DM-00473-00117066-00117275 normally it's only five when we're
yJefEj642DM-00474-00117276-00117545 outside of our domain
yJefEj642DM-00475-00117546-00117784 and we finished summon lesser storm
yJefEj642DM-00476-00117785-00118127 spirit so now I will be able to summon a
yJefEj642DM-00477-00118128-00118415 tier 1 shock unit so this guy
yJefEj642DM-00478-00118416-00118631 he can't sell his defense mode and
yJefEj642DM-00479-00118632-00118907 removes retaliation attack and gains 20
yJefEj642DM-00480-00118908-00119219 percent damage per hex traveled so now
yJefEj642DM-00481-00119220-00119410 we can do scroll That Tune and because I
yJefEj642DM-00482-00119411-00119651 spent 20 minutes to lock this alright so
yJefEj642DM-00483-00119652-00119939 now we can cast someone Lessard storm
yJefEj642DM-00484-00119940-00120184 Spirit which will again summon this guy
yJefEj642DM-00485-00120185-00120449 and he will cost us 8 Mana per turn in
yJefEj642DM-00486-00120450-00120773 upkeep right now we are getting 58
yJefEj642DM-00487-00120774-00120983 so I think it's fine
yJefEj642DM-00488-00120983-00121421 okay let's grab one
yJefEj642DM-00489-00121422-00121625 we can start building up a second stack
yJefEj642DM-00490-00121626-00121895 and send it along with the hero
yJefEj642DM-00491-00121896-00122147 and you can we can use it for some of
yJefEj642DM-00492-00122148-00122419 these tougher fights is this any tougher
yJefEj642DM-00493-00122420-00122669 asked Charles siphoner I can move
yJefEj642DM-00494-00122670-00122843 towards it and then attack it whether a
yJefEj642DM-00495-00122844-00122921 hero
yJefEj642DM-00496-00122922-00123293 now we can Annex another territory
yJefEj642DM-00497-00123294-00123725 so let's see
yJefEj642DM-00498-00123726-00123910 we hear this posture over here I think
yJefEj642DM-00499-00123911-00124193 that makes sense
yJefEj642DM-00500-00124194-00124408 if I build a farm that will give me plus
yJefEj642DM-00501-00124409-00124607 17 food
yJefEj642DM-00502-00124608-00124834 plasto from a river I don't want to grow
yJefEj642DM-00503-00124835-00124973 the city
yJefEj642DM-00504-00124974-00125386 preferably as quickly as possible
yJefEj642DM-00505-00125388-00125590 so let's grab the farm
yJefEj642DM-00506-00125591-00125777 and then we can build a stone Contour
yJefEj642DM-00507-00125778-00126010 because that requires two Farms that's
yJefEj642DM-00508-00126011-00126149 plus five mana and the plus 10
yJefEj642DM-00509-00126150-00126365 production
yJefEj642DM-00510-00126366-00126539 there you go
yJefEj642DM-00511-00126540-00126851 yeah I think another Arcane guard
yJefEj642DM-00512-00126852-00127547 now we can fight this guy
yJefEj642DM-00513-00127548-00127840 encountering the hunters from Beyond it
yJefEj642DM-00514-00127841-00128063 is clear that the astral siphoner is
yJefEj642DM-00515-00128064-00128243 striking the fear into the hearts of
yJefEj642DM-00516-00128244-00128423 your soldiers what do you do in the
yJefEj642DM-00517-00128424-00128639 upcoming battle discouraged attackers is
yJefEj642DM-00518-00128640-00128760 active
yJefEj642DM-00519-00128761-00129052 until the end of the battle if we can
yJefEj642DM-00520-00129053-00129257 pay 104 gold
yJefEj642DM-00521-00129258-00129527 to get any courage that occurs we can
yJefEj642DM-00522-00129528-00129797 lose 41 Imperium to encourage on the
yJefEj642DM-00523-00129798-00130121 clockers attempts to banish the magical
yJefEj642DM-00524-00130122-00130228 creature
yJefEj642DM-00525-00130229-00130534 so because we have astrology
yJefEj642DM-00526-00130535-00130931 we have foreign
yJefEj642DM-00527-00130932-00131254 which gives us 20 chance to succeed and
yJefEj642DM-00528-00131255-00131393 that they will flee through a natural
yJefEj642DM-00529-00131394-00131640 bridge and be removed from this location
yJefEj642DM-00530-00131641-00132016 but if we fail we will lose one astral
yJefEj642DM-00531-00132017-00132214 affinity for six turns
yJefEj642DM-00532-00132215-00132509 and in the upcoming battle our troops
yJefEj642DM-00533-00132510-00132713 will be discouraged
yJefEj642DM-00534-00132714-00133031 should we gamble what could possibly go
yJefEj642DM-00535-00133032-00133277 wrong all right well let's do it for
yJefEj642DM-00536-00133278-00133793 Content I guess let's do it for content
yJefEj642DM-00537-00133794-00134164 and failed of course it did of course
yJefEj642DM-00538-00134165-00134381 of course it failed
yJefEj642DM-00539-00134382-00134681 obviously let's see what auto combat
yJefEj642DM-00540-00134682-00134813 gives us here
yJefEj642DM-00541-00134814-00135202 okay I mean looks good to me Giant's
yJefEj642DM-00542-00135203-00135581 Bane a tier 2 sword yeah the problem
yJefEj642DM-00543-00135582-00135713 with this
yJefEj642DM-00544-00135714-00136043 hey actually hold on I mean it's a Malay
yJefEj642DM-00545-00136044-00136259 weapon so I don't think I want to use it
yJefEj642DM-00546-00136260-00136493 no not really
yJefEj642DM-00547-00136494-00136889 we get 116 knowledge that will speed up
yJefEj642DM-00548-00136890-00137128 our research by two turns we can get a
yJefEj642DM-00549-00137129-00137369 locket of channeling grants plus 10
yJefEj642DM-00550-00137370-00137573 combat casting points at the start of
yJefEj642DM-00551-00137574-00137873 the battle you gain a gargoyle unit
yJefEj642DM-00552-00137874-00138227 tier 2 unit I think I'll take the look
yJefEj642DM-00553-00138228-00138425 at the channeling here more combat
yJefEj642DM-00554-00138426-00138635 casting points does a good thing
yJefEj642DM-00555-00138636-00138881 yeah okay let's grab that
yJefEj642DM-00556-00138882-00139211 I will definitely use that
yJefEj642DM-00557-00139212-00139607 let's equip the locket
yJefEj642DM-00558-00139608-00139739 all right
yJefEj642DM-00559-00139740-00139985 we have packed cough cooperation with
yJefEj642DM-00560-00139986-00140261 the Omni spire
yJefEj642DM-00561-00140262-00140590 packed of loyalty in five turns
yJefEj642DM-00562-00140591-00140795 so with pact of loyalty we will share
yJefEj642DM-00563-00140796-00141197 his vision and it will allow buildings a
yJefEj642DM-00564-00141198-00141454 building on clean provinces contributes
yJefEj642DM-00565-00141455-00141677 Tor recruitment points to Rally of the
yJefEj642DM-00566-00141678-00141911 leisures and it will reinforce in combat
yJefEj642DM-00567-00141912-00142235 against Marauders and rollers the free
yJefEj642DM-00568-00142236-00142439 City Is At War With artists boast
yJefEj642DM-00569-00142440-00142823 Allegiance until finish this Quest as
yJefEj642DM-00570-00142824-00143033 soon as possible so we need to get
yJefEj642DM-00571-00143034-00143290 packed of vassalage to do that all right
yJefEj642DM-00572-00143291-00143551 that's actually another Empire I think
yJefEj642DM-00573-00143552-00143819 is it
yJefEj642DM-00574-00143820-00144083 easy story path
yJefEj642DM-00575-00144084-00144461 hard story path okay the pyromanceriaka
yJefEj642DM-00576-00144462-00144766 has broken free and the return to atla
yJefEj642DM-00577-00144767-00145031 his gaze is set on the valley of Wonders
yJefEj642DM-00578-00145032-00145252 sundrin advises you to explore the
yJefEj642DM-00579-00145253-00145481 nearby Tower of destinies
yJefEj642DM-00580-00145482-00145804 and use his powers toward of yaka okay
yJefEj642DM-00581-00145805-00146075 as Bond Dragon the rally of the legis
yJefEj642DM-00582-00146076-00146261 wow okay
yJefEj642DM-00583-00146262-00146459 sounds good to me
yJefEj642DM-00584-00146460-00146752 it doesn't say what rank this is bronze
yJefEj642DM-00585-00146753-00147364 silver or gold probably not the bronze
yJefEj642DM-00586-00147365-00147604 okay sure
yJefEj642DM-00587-00147605-00147857 I like mystery bonuses
yJefEj642DM-00588-00147858-00148133 right yeah so that is like another
yJefEj642DM-00589-00148134-00148457 player here
yJefEj642DM-00590-00148458-00148763 all right
yJefEj642DM-00591-00148764-00149140 so we could spend 100 gold to declare
yJefEj642DM-00592-00149141-00149452 them a friend is a modifier that slowly
yJefEj642DM-00593-00149453-00149716 increases towards plus 300 and will be
yJefEj642DM-00594-00149717-00149957 added to your relations with any ruler
yJefEj642DM-00595-00149958-00150301 any grievance gained against this ruler
yJefEj642DM-00596-00150302-00150664 will be reduced by 40 percent when two
yJefEj642DM-00597-00150665-00150827 rollers declare friendship with each
yJefEj642DM-00598-00150828-00151073 other each active diplomatic treaty they
yJefEj642DM-00599-00151074-00151271 have increases the maximum relations
yJefEj642DM-00600-00151272-00151540 bonus by 25 up to plus 400 total
yJefEj642DM-00601-00151541-00151787 maintaining a declaration costs 10 gold
yJefEj642DM-00602-00151788-00152057 upkeep per turn which increases by 10
yJefEj642DM-00603-00152058-00152314 for each additional declaration
yJefEj642DM-00604-00152315-00152507 we also have declaration of rivalry
yJefEj642DM-00605-00152508-00152740 which will reduce our relations we can
yJefEj642DM-00606-00152741-00153004 fabricate agree once and then use the
yJefEj642DM-00607-00153005-00153263 use it to declare a Justified War
yJefEj642DM-00608-00153264-00153514 and we can denounce them we can do some
yJefEj642DM-00609-00153515-00153676 Trading
yJefEj642DM-00610-00153677-00153971 a Wizard's Bond
yJefEj642DM-00611-00153972-00154301 so both rollers agree to a Wizard's bond
yJefEj642DM-00612-00154302-00154523 to improve the Empire relations and
yJefEj642DM-00613-00154524-00154739 access neutrities and diplomatic States
yJefEj642DM-00614-00154740-00155014 the front city of its ruler will be
yJefEj642DM-00615-00155015-00155135 revealed
yJefEj642DM-00616-00155136-00155423 they can call each other to war
yJefEj642DM-00617-00155424-00155676 leads to defensive packed open borders
yJefEj642DM-00618-00155677-00156119 Province claiming Park teleporter parked
yJefEj642DM-00619-00156120-00156352 teleporter pack the boat rollers allow
yJefEj642DM-00620-00156353-00156563 each order to teleport to and from their
yJefEj642DM-00621-00156564-00156845 teleporters right a teleporter is like a
yJefEj642DM-00622-00156846-00157007 special Province Improvement which you
yJefEj642DM-00623-00157008-00157187 can unlock later on
yJefEj642DM-00624-00157188-00157516 okay so they ask 150 gold in return
yJefEj642DM-00625-00157517-00157745 I guess that's fine
yJefEj642DM-00626-00157746-00158026 okay that's fine
yJefEj642DM-00627-00158027-00158231 trade successful so now we have a wizard
yJefEj642DM-00628-00158232-00158428 Bond
yJefEj642DM-00629-00158429-00158890 let's stay friendly with them
yJefEj642DM-00630-00158891-00159040 alright
yJefEj642DM-00631-00159041-00159478 let's clear this guy might as well
yJefEj642DM-00632-00159479-00159737 more experience maybe we won't have to
yJefEj642DM-00633-00159738-00160033 clear him okay we can attack
yJefEj642DM-00634-00160034-00160481 which will push us towards evil so minus
yJefEj642DM-00635-00160482-00160775 five alignment we can
yJefEj642DM-00636-00160776-00160966 just let it leave
yJefEj642DM-00637-00160967-00161237 which will give us plus five or we can
yJefEj642DM-00638-00161238-00161561 pay and to gain a warrior unit a shield
yJefEj642DM-00639-00161562-00161675 unit
yJefEj642DM-00640-00161676-00161861 okay I actually wouldn't mind the shield
yJefEj642DM-00641-00161862-00162173 unit and they have Shield Bash
yJefEj642DM-00642-00162174-00162431 which is ninety percent chance to stun
yJefEj642DM-00643-00162432-00162725 the target unit so I might actually grab
yJefEj642DM-00644-00162726-00162971 this one it's just a tier one it's not
yJefEj642DM-00645-00162972-00163223 super strong or anything but I'm going
yJefEj642DM-00646-00163224-00163519 to grab it
yJefEj642DM-00647-00163520-00163852 okay I don't have a lot of Tanki units
yJefEj642DM-00648-00163853-00164087 so this will come in handy
yJefEj642DM-00649-00164088-00164333 especially for some tougher fights more
yJefEj642DM-00650-00164334-00164614 Mana
yJefEj642DM-00651-00164615-00164854 okay and another unit
yJefEj642DM-00652-00164855-00165047 so that's a polar guy
yJefEj642DM-00653-00165048-00165269 Arcane guard
yJefEj642DM-00654-00165270-00165707 it won't turn to finish Stone conjure
yJefEj642DM-00655-00165708-00165940 we can grab a battle mage
yJefEj642DM-00656-00165941-00166271 all right we don't need to clear Tower
yJefEj642DM-00657-00166272-00166493 of Destinies but that's way further
yJefEj642DM-00658-00166494-00166751 south what I would like to do now is
yJefEj642DM-00659-00166752-00166961 start an outpost somewhere around here
yJefEj642DM-00660-00166962-00167176 probably makes sense to do it around
yJefEj642DM-00661-00167177-00167578 here there's an underground entrance
yJefEj642DM-00662-00167579-00167909 there's the bronze ancient one there
yJefEj642DM-00663-00167910-00168190 so I think we should go back there South
yJefEj642DM-00664-00168191-00168569 East and start an outpost in that area
yJefEj642DM-00665-00168570-00168778 probably makes sense but you can explore
yJefEj642DM-00666-00168779-00169049 waste with this smaller stock see what's
yJefEj642DM-00667-00169050-00169145 going on
yJefEj642DM-00668-00169146-00169397 now we can grab a town hall
yJefEj642DM-00669-00169398-00169540 tier two
yJefEj642DM-00670-00169541-00169697 so this will give us plus when the
yJefEj642DM-00671-00169698-00169966 province Onyx range plus 10 in Gold it
yJefEj642DM-00672-00169967-00170147 will unlock special Province
yJefEj642DM-00673-00170148-00170309 improvements
yJefEj642DM-00674-00170310-00170585 and more importantly it will also give
yJefEj642DM-00675-00170586-00170897 us access to our tier 2 units and we can
yJefEj642DM-00676-00170898-00171149 Annex another province
yJefEj642DM-00677-00171150-00171478 so right now we have two farms and one
yJefEj642DM-00678-00171479-00171790 conduit I could get a Forester which
yJefEj642DM-00679-00171791-00172019 were the boss of the storehouse and the
yJefEj642DM-00680-00172020-00172151 library
yJefEj642DM-00681-00172152-00172481 oh yeah we can claim this gold mine
yJefEj642DM-00682-00172482-00172678 I think it doesn't make sense
yJefEj642DM-00683-00172679-00172985 my income is not that impressive
yJefEj642DM-00684-00172986-00173171 okay there you go
yJefEj642DM-00685-00173172-00173513 but we will build the town hall first
yJefEj642DM-00686-00173514-00173801 alright and more Mana
yJefEj642DM-00687-00173802-00174064 so is this silver oh this is gold
yJefEj642DM-00688-00174065-00174209 ancient wonder
yJefEj642DM-00689-00174210-00174425 yeah there's probably something nasty
yJefEj642DM-00690-00174426-00174707 guarding it
yJefEj642DM-00691-00174708-00175061 there we got pact of loyalty
yJefEj642DM-00692-00175062-00175307 oh yeah we finished three thirds nice so
yJefEj642DM-00693-00175308-00175528 we finished Scroll of our tournament
yJefEj642DM-00694-00175529-00175733 which will give us star Blazer
yJefEj642DM-00695-00175734-00175966 tournament for our entire race I
yJefEj642DM-00696-00175967-00176140 definitely want to cast this right away
yJefEj642DM-00697-00176141-00176363 that was kind of the whole point of this
yJefEj642DM-00698-00176364-00176452 setup
yJefEj642DM-00699-00176453-00176711 this might be the last research
yJefEj642DM-00700-00176712-00177016 no a next storm into research Cycles
yJefEj642DM-00701-00177017-00177299 so we have two more items to research
yJefEj642DM-00702-00177300-00177538 and then we'll get to pick a new Tome so
yJefEj642DM-00703-00177539-00177809 we could unlock the evoker which is a
yJefEj642DM-00704-00177810-00178049 battle mage
yJefEj642DM-00705-00178050-00178361 with basically chain lightening Target
yJefEj642DM-00706-00178362-00178595 enemy and the two others within three
yJefEj642DM-00707-00178596-00178811 hexes are dealt damage
yJefEj642DM-00708-00178812-00179116 ninety percent chance of inflicting
yJefEj642DM-00709-00179117-00179440 electrified
yJefEj642DM-00710-00179441-00179675 sounds pretty good to me
yJefEj642DM-00711-00179676-00180028 okay let's get the evoker
yJefEj642DM-00712-00180029-00180245 okay where exactly do I want this city
yJefEj642DM-00713-00180246-00180431 then
yJefEj642DM-00714-00180432-00180647 I want it to be relatively close to the
yJefEj642DM-00715-00180648-00180797 Arkham blood
yJefEj642DM-00716-00180798-00181061 over here would probably be fine
yJefEj642DM-00717-00181062-00181264 we could have it literally
yJefEj642DM-00718-00181265-00181445 in the province with the underground
yJefEj642DM-00719-00181446-00181678 passage in theory at least I don't think
yJefEj642DM-00720-00181679-00182087 anything stops you from doing that
yJefEj642DM-00721-00182088-00182261 it will be within two provinces of
yJefEj642DM-00722-00182262-00182693 ominous fire though
yJefEj642DM-00723-00182694-00182926 now this doesn't have to be a city it
yJefEj642DM-00724-00182927-00183197 can be just an outpost
yJefEj642DM-00725-00183198-00183497 for the sole reason of claiming the Ark
yJefEj642DM-00726-00183498-00183661 on blood so it doesn't have to be a city
yJefEj642DM-00727-00183662-00183904 I think this spot might make the most
yJefEj642DM-00728-00183905-00184331 sense
yJefEj642DM-00729-00184332-00184540 right so the Outpost will cost us 50
yJefEj642DM-00730-00184541-00184751 gold which is not much
yJefEj642DM-00731-00184752-00185023 and it will take two turns
yJefEj642DM-00732-00185024-00185452 I could also build it here
yJefEj642DM-00733-00185453-00185764 all right let's build it here
yJefEj642DM-00734-00185765-00185933 they're done
yJefEj642DM-00735-00185934-00186221 well not done I have to wait two turns
yJefEj642DM-00736-00186222-00186664 but that will give us the 10 production
yJefEj642DM-00737-00186665-00186869 which is not super useful unless I turn
yJefEj642DM-00738-00186870-00187085 it into a city now we have access to
yJefEj642DM-00739-00187086-00187343 spell shield and soda
yJefEj642DM-00740-00187344-00187631 I don't need at least one of these guys
yJefEj642DM-00741-00187632-00187973 malays are weakness right now and the
yJefEj642DM-00742-00187974-00188423 stun is always a nice mechanic to have
yJefEj642DM-00743-00188424-00188609 so let's grab at least one it will take
yJefEj642DM-00744-00188610-00188993 five turns because it requires 140 draft
yJefEj642DM-00745-00188994-00189421 house the city state doing
yJefEj642DM-00746-00189422-00189761 in two turns right so they will become
yJefEj642DM-00747-00189762-00189983 our vassal once we reach packet of
yJefEj642DM-00748-00189984-00190199 vaselage
yJefEj642DM-00749-00190200-00190451 and that means other Empires May no
yJefEj642DM-00750-00190452-00190690 longer negotiate better diplomatic
yJefEj642DM-00751-00190691-00190895 States whether this city
yJefEj642DM-00752-00190896-00191159 and they will join any War we might
yJefEj642DM-00753-00191160-00191314 decide to fight
yJefEj642DM-00754-00191315-00191543 the next step after that is integrating
yJefEj642DM-00755-00191544-00191788 it into your Empire
yJefEj642DM-00756-00191789-00191945 I guess it's worth grabbing more
yJefEj642DM-00757-00191946-00192226 experience right away this will be
yJefEj642DM-00758-00192227-00192490 active for 15 turns
yJefEj642DM-00759-00192491-00192688 I think that's alright
yJefEj642DM-00760-00192689-00192893 now we could go underground but that's
yJefEj642DM-00761-00192894-00193138 not always safe we should check out the
yJefEj642DM-00762-00193139-00193409 shuttered skull keeper
yJefEj642DM-00763-00193410-00193852 what we would have to fight to clear it
yJefEj642DM-00764-00193853-00194033 sometimes you don't get an option of
yJefEj642DM-00765-00194034-00194314 cleaning it without a fight
yJefEj642DM-00766-00194315-00194645 okay well I can probably do it
yJefEj642DM-00767-00194646-00194897 we could do this one manually
yJefEj642DM-00768-00194898-00195101 I can't see exactly what we will be
yJefEj642DM-00769-00195102-00195497 finding swamp troll apparently okay what
yJefEj642DM-00770-00195498-00195713 the heck let's go for it
yJefEj642DM-00771-00195714-00196007 now we don't have to fight
yJefEj642DM-00772-00196008-00196331 a tier 4 swamp Patrol which is a battle
yJefEj642DM-00773-00196332-00196463 mage
yJefEj642DM-00774-00196464-00196871 he's pretty ugly
yJefEj642DM-00775-00196872-00197116 that's one ugly ass troll
yJefEj642DM-00776-00197117-00197411 short resistance all trolls got natural
yJefEj642DM-00777-00197412-00197687 regeneration deals damage to units in a
yJefEj642DM-00778-00197688-00197890 one hex radius so it's an AOE with 24
yJefEj642DM-00779-00197891-00198131 damage that's a nasty one it doesn't
yJefEj642DM-00780-00198132-00198502 nasty AOE Rider a butcher auger a brewer
yJefEj642DM-00781-00198503-00198773 auger which can freeze you
yJefEj642DM-00782-00198774-00198964 well we can beat them I will probably
yJefEj642DM-00783-00198965-00199211 lose something so we have two support
yJefEj642DM-00784-00199212-00199625 units with sodium Breeze I could wait to
yJefEj642DM-00785-00199626-00199949 get a different units for this stock
yJefEj642DM-00786-00199950-00200171 with that said it's not the end of the
yJefEj642DM-00787-00200172-00200428 world if we lose one or two units I'm
yJefEj642DM-00788-00200429-00200626 just a bit concerned about the fact I
yJefEj642DM-00789-00200627-00200909 only have one Tier 1 melee oh what the
yJefEj642DM-00790-00200910-00201125 heck let's see what the auto resolve
yJefEj642DM-00791-00201126-00201335 would give us oh okay
yJefEj642DM-00792-00201336-00201652 not a single casualty let's watch the
yJefEj642DM-00793-00201653-00201809 replay here
yJefEj642DM-00794-00201810-00202114 that's kind of impressive to be honest
yJefEj642DM-00795-00202115-00202313 so let's see what happened there but
yJefEj642DM-00796-00202314-00202559 that is kind of impressive
yJefEj642DM-00797-00202560-00202978 one dude was almost dead
yJefEj642DM-00798-00202979-00203231 yeah so now we begin The Frigid bulge
yJefEj642DM-00799-00203232-00203800 which is a freeze freeze is nasty
yJefEj642DM-00800-00203801-00204125 and this big guy the green guy has a 24
yJefEj642DM-00801-00204126-00204388 damage AOE
yJefEj642DM-00802-00204389-00204611 hmm
yJefEj642DM-00803-00204612-00204964 okay lifestyle is active because the
yJefEj642DM-00804-00204965-00205294 spell was cast
yJefEj642DM-00805-00205296-00205523 okay yeah that's the AOE look at all
yJefEj642DM-00806-00205523-00205738 that damage
yJefEj642DM-00807-00205739-00206244 okay
yJefEj642DM-00808-00206246-00206908 give the AI a raise yep
yJefEj642DM-00809-00206909-00208042 okay
yJefEj642DM-00810-00208044-00209242 okay
yJefEj642DM-00811-00209244-00209458 it's mostly this big guy who's dangerous
yJefEj642DM-00812-00209459-00209891 combined with the potential phrase
yJefEj642DM-00813-00209892-00210401 the stroke point is helping
yJefEj642DM-00814-00210402-00210719 because what I was worried about is this
yJefEj642DM-00815-00210719-00211013 guy freezing several of my units
yJefEj642DM-00816-00211014-00211325 and then they get killed and I can't do
yJefEj642DM-00817-00211326-00211541 anything about it
yJefEj642DM-00818-00211542-00211841 yeah they AI seems pretty good with the
yJefEj642DM-00819-00211842-00211955 teleport
yJefEj642DM-00820-00211956-00212105 so far
yJefEj642DM-00821-00212106-00212387 what I need though is more mounted units
yJefEj642DM-00822-00212388-00213042 that's what I need
yJefEj642DM-00823-00213044-00214492 all right
yJefEj642DM-00824-00214494-00215008 yeah that shouldn't be too bad
yJefEj642DM-00825-00215009-00215179 I might still get Frozen though
yJefEj642DM-00826-00215180-00215441 considering one unit was almost dead at
yJefEj642DM-00827-00215442-00216325 the end I have some something got Frozen
yJefEj642DM-00828-00216326-00216641 [Music]
yJefEj642DM-00829-00216642-00216785 okay
yJefEj642DM-00830-00216786-00217015 [Music]
yJefEj642DM-00831-00217016-00217319 yeah yeah now he's almost dead but he
yJefEj642DM-00832-00217319-00217505 didn't actually die so what happened
yJefEj642DM-00833-00217506-00217601 here
yJefEj642DM-00834-00217602-00217967 comes the hero 20 damage
yJefEj642DM-00835-00217967-00218237 okay we killed the troll the frost troll
yJefEj642DM-00836-00218238-00218465 or whatever
yJefEj642DM-00837-00218466-00218615 through
yJefEj642DM-00838-00218616-00218806 and I assume the big troll will die
yJefEj642DM-00839-00218807-00219101 right now okay yeah yeah
yJefEj642DM-00840-00219102-00219377 so they died right after my pole arm guy
yJefEj642DM-00841-00219378-00219617 went down to almost no health
yJefEj642DM-00842-00219617-00219796 and this is fine I don't think I would
yJefEj642DM-00843-00219798-00219965 be able to do it better than this to be
yJefEj642DM-00844-00219966-00220192 honest
yJefEj642DM-00845-00220194-00220541 okay we will receive 223 Mana
yJefEj642DM-00846-00220542-00220810 so 276 production
yJefEj642DM-00847-00220811-00221003 that's quite a lot
yJefEj642DM-00848-00221004-00221387 we get 50 per turn so this is huge
yJefEj642DM-00849-00221388-00221573 we can get the gold I don't care about
yJefEj642DM-00850-00221573-00221884 that as much we can get a solder
yJefEj642DM-00851-00221885-00222221 of Firebrand Predators okay tier 2
yJefEj642DM-00852-00222221-00222479 support yeah I'm getting production
yJefEj642DM-00853-00222480-00222646 heck yeah
yJefEj642DM-00854-00222648-00222856 that's a lot of production now we can
yJefEj642DM-00855-00222857-00223132 get some buildings instantly
yJefEj642DM-00856-00223133-00223355 I need to think what I want
yJefEj642DM-00857-00223356-00223571 a probably Tavern
yJefEj642DM-00858-00223571-00223810 we are not stable at the moment we're
yJefEj642DM-00859-00223811-00224071 almost at neutral so Tavern
yJefEj642DM-00860-00224071-00224429 we couldn't get a storehouse for some
yJefEj642DM-00861-00224430-00224573 extra food
yJefEj642DM-00862-00224573-00224825 we could get the instant wizard tower
yJefEj642DM-00863-00224826-00225125 foundation so Wizard Tower
yJefEj642DM-00864-00225126-00225425 is a special type of building which you
yJefEj642DM-00865-00225426-00225658 can only build in your prone City it can
yJefEj642DM-00866-00225659-00225832 give you more Imperium it can give you
yJefEj642DM-00867-00225833-00226073 some other stuff it can unlock like
yJefEj642DM-00868-00226073-00226351 certain things like Star you can
yJefEj642DM-00869-00226352-00226691 resurrect with the Crypt you can convert
yJefEj642DM-00870-00226692-00226942 or execute captured Heroes with their
yJefEj642DM-00871-00226944-00227201 prison cells things like that we attempt
yJefEj642DM-00872-00227202-00227519 knowledge we got 60 right now okay let's
yJefEj642DM-00873-00227519-00227873 get the library to get more knowledge a
yJefEj642DM-00874-00227873-00228065 storehouse to get food
yJefEj642DM-00875-00228066-00228706 we got 50 tall so plus 10 is a fair bit
yJefEj642DM-00876-00228707-00228994 and then we can get instant wizard tower
yJefEj642DM-00877-00228996-00229510 Foundation still the splice 5 Imperium
yJefEj642DM-00878-00229511-00229637 there okay
yJefEj642DM-00879-00229638-00229942 we're down to 88 gold and now we can
yJefEj642DM-00880-00229944-00230171 build yeah let's get the market actually
yJefEj642DM-00881-00230171-00230392 get some more money
yJefEj642DM-00882-00230394-00230663 plus 15 gold income I could clearly use
yJefEj642DM-00883-00230664-00230813 that
yJefEj642DM-00884-00230814-00231196 oh no I'm poor I'm down to 18 gold and
yJefEj642DM-00885-00231198-00231551 our hero leveled up nice magic attack
yJefEj642DM-00886-00231552-00232060 gains plus one range honestly
yJefEj642DM-00887-00232061-00232169 nice
yJefEj642DM-00888-00232169-00232403 suppose this skills only have four range
yJefEj642DM-00889-00232404-00232546 which is pretty bad
yJefEj642DM-00890-00232548-00232739 but even plus one range of lightning
yJefEj642DM-00891-00232740-00232948 avocation will be good so the thing with
yJefEj642DM-00892-00232950-00233171 the lighting evocation is that you
yJefEj642DM-00893-00233171-00233489 cannot move if you want to use this
yJefEj642DM-00894-00233490-00233687 so like plus one range on this could be
yJefEj642DM-00895-00233688-00233975 a pretty big deal I'm going to grab a
yJefEj642DM-00896-00233976-00234287 distant evocation
yJefEj642DM-00897-00234288-00234503 there done
yJefEj642DM-00898-00234504-00234737 and there's The Outpost right so now I
yJefEj642DM-00899-00234738-00235042 can spend 200 Imperium
yJefEj642DM-00900-00235044-00235360 to turn this into a city it will take
yJefEj642DM-00901-00235361-00235715 three turns I guess we should do that I
yJefEj642DM-00902-00235716-00235889 probably don't want astral inspiration
yJefEj642DM-00903-00235890-00236015 though
yJefEj642DM-00904-00236016-00236237 we're about to finish research
yJefEj642DM-00905-00236238-00236423 so let's grab actual inspiration before
yJefEj642DM-00906-00236423-00236710 we finish the research
yJefEj642DM-00907-00236711-00236842 like so
yJefEj642DM-00908-00236844-00237167 that still leaves us with 255 we can
yJefEj642DM-00909-00237167-00237358 turn this into an actual City so let's
yJefEj642DM-00910-00237359-00237460 do that
yJefEj642DM-00911-00237461-00237665 okay let's take a look Underground
yJefEj642DM-00912-00237666-00238121 hopefully I won't regret it okay
yJefEj642DM-00913-00238121-00238363 research
yJefEj642DM-00914-00238364-00238871 that's tier one magma Spirit okay
yJefEj642DM-00915-00238871-00239291 Mana good we got over 1 000 Mana now
yJefEj642DM-00916-00239292-00239615 and there we unlock the revoker so this
yJefEj642DM-00917-00239616-00239915 guy has electrifying Arc
yJefEj642DM-00918-00239916-00240179 which is basically chain lightening
yJefEj642DM-00919-00240180-00240437 Target enemy unit and two orders within
yJefEj642DM-00920-00240438-00240689 three hexes are dealt damage and they
yJefEj642DM-00921-00240690-00240971 will also have 90 chance of getting
yJefEj642DM-00922-00240971-00241246 electrified which is a lightning based
yJefEj642DM-00923-00241248-00241408 Dot
yJefEj642DM-00924-00241409-00241642 now this is the last research
yJefEj642DM-00925-00241644-00242015 before we pick the next Tome so we need
yJefEj642DM-00926-00242016-00242225 to choose carefully we can get lightning
yJefEj642DM-00927-00242226-00242477 torrent which is like the Overland spell
yJefEj642DM-00928-00242478-00242765 that can Target an army and we could get
yJefEj642DM-00929-00242766-00243131 lightning focus makes base magic attacks
yJefEj642DM-00930-00243132-00243310 of Enchanted leonid's deal plus two
yJefEj642DM-00931-00243311-00243623 lightning damage we could also reroll I
yJefEj642DM-00932-00243623-00243796 don't really need wayfinder enchantment
yJefEj642DM-00933-00243798-00244031 all that much I guess we showed the grab
yJefEj642DM-00934-00244032-00244187 Atlanta torrent
yJefEj642DM-00935-00244188-00244408 this will definitely be useful at some
yJefEj642DM-00936-00244409-00244655 point this will be used for sooner or
yJefEj642DM-00937-00244656-00244882 later because he can do damage outside
yJefEj642DM-00938-00244883-00245092 of actual combat before you engage in
yJefEj642DM-00939-00245094-00245225 combat
yJefEj642DM-00940-00245226-00245453 so I don't think we should grab this not
yJefEj642DM-00941-00245454-00245621 only you do damage you reduce their
yJefEj642DM-00942-00245621-00245837 lengthening resistance yeah let's grab
yJefEj642DM-00943-00245838-00246046 that is also not cheap but I don't want
yJefEj642DM-00944-00246048-00246221 that yep
yJefEj642DM-00945-00246221-00246496 okay so that's done we got packed of
yJefEj642DM-00946-00246498-00246701 vaselage
yJefEj642DM-00947-00246702-00246979 the newly forged parked with Omni Spire
yJefEj642DM-00948-00246980-00247229 saves the unification of the Mystic
yJefEj642DM-00949-00247230-00247337 moment
yJefEj642DM-00950-00247338-00247673 result all cities of the Mystic molemen
yJefEj642DM-00951-00247673-00248015 of your Empire so one gain fatal
yJefEj642DM-00952-00248016-00248317 stability for six turns all three cities
yJefEj642DM-00953-00248317-00248794 gained plus 300 relations for 18 turns
yJefEj642DM-00954-00248796-00249071 we can gain a spell breaker unit which
yJefEj642DM-00955-00249071-00249365 is a tier 3 battle mage unit
yJefEj642DM-00956-00249366-00249556 oh yeah this is our culture unit
yJefEj642DM-00957-00249557-00249898 basically so he has star Purge which
yJefEj642DM-00958-00249900-00250277 removes all positive status effects from
yJefEj642DM-00959-00250278-00250517 the targeted units and Deals double
yJefEj642DM-00960-00250517-00250739 damage to Magic origin units they also
yJefEj642DM-00961-00250740-00250955 have phase I should probably grab one
yJefEj642DM-00962-00250956-00251213 yeah I think so we should grab one we
yJefEj642DM-00963-00251214-00251410 can also get four we're good on the food
yJefEj642DM-00964-00251411-00251573 all right let's get the spell breaker
yJefEj642DM-00965-00251573-00251825 yeah yeah the mount that's why it has
yJefEj642DM-00966-00251826-00252058 face so there we go done
yJefEj642DM-00967-00252059-00252323 all right yeah these guys will be very
yJefEj642DM-00968-00252323-00252487 good for us because they will benefit
yJefEj642DM-00969-00252488-00252784 from unicorn mounts so they will get
yJefEj642DM-00970-00252785-00253048 face okay we can Annex another Province
yJefEj642DM-00971-00253050-00253301 here so we should probably Annex the
yJefEj642DM-00972-00253302-00253582 Mana node that seems like a no-brainer
yJefEj642DM-00973-00253583-00253841 to me right now I kind of want a second
yJefEj642DM-00974-00253842-00254069 Forester because quite a few things I
yJefEj642DM-00975-00254069-00254279 plan to build required second Forester
yJefEj642DM-00976-00254280-00254489 so The Granary is probably going to be
yJefEj642DM-00977-00254490-00254734 next get more food get the city to grow
yJefEj642DM-00978-00254735-00254837 faster
yJefEj642DM-00979-00254838-00255119 we can only just replace it later
yJefEj642DM-00980-00255119-00255394 so we can just replace it over here
yJefEj642DM-00981-00255396-00255563 it's not instant
yJefEj642DM-00982-00255564-00255815 but we can replace it okay yeah let's
yJefEj642DM-00983-00255816-00255989 grab the Forester
yJefEj642DM-00984-00255990-00256192 this will also give us blasted Mana
yJefEj642DM-00985-00256194-00256439 because there's a Mana node
yJefEj642DM-00986-00256440-00256708 Forrester it is then done
yJefEj642DM-00987-00256709-00256960 I guess we should take out that is stuck
yJefEj642DM-00988-00256961-00257496 so that's five lesser magma spirits
yJefEj642DM-00989-00257498-00257837 okay our unit is leveled up and our hero
yJefEj642DM-00990-00257838-00258053 leveled up and that was quite a bit of
yJefEj642DM-00991-00258054-00258184 damage
yJefEj642DM-00992-00258185-00258473 let me watch this mix took a lot of
yJefEj642DM-00993-00258473-00258701 damage on toy units maybe I can do it
yJefEj642DM-00994-00258702-00258803 better
yJefEj642DM-00995-00258804-00259223 another interesting scenery
yJefEj642DM-00996-00259223-00259415 well it is underground
yJefEj642DM-00997-00259416-00259648 go on then all right I'm actually doing
yJefEj642DM-00998-00259650-00259841 it myself now yeah that's fine let's do
yJefEj642DM-00999-00259842-00260056 it ourselves I think I can do it better
yJefEj642DM-01000-00260057-00260446 which are Mela units there's a guy he's
yJefEj642DM-01001-00260448-00260777 wounded but I can heal him right now
yJefEj642DM-01002-00260778-00261010 it's just that this hill
yJefEj642DM-01003-00261011-00261329 this kind of AOE so right now that will
yJefEj642DM-01004-00261330-00261617 be a slight waste but there's not much
yJefEj642DM-01005-00261617-00262048 else that can that I can do on turn one
yJefEj642DM-01006-00262050-00262241 what's their movement range is a battle
yJefEj642DM-01007-00262242-00262421 mage e yeah yeah I know it's a battle
yJefEj642DM-01008-00262422-00262534 mage unit
yJefEj642DM-01009-00262535-00262780 that's their range what's the range with
yJefEj642DM-01010-00262781-00262906 respell
yJefEj642DM-01011-00262907-00263291 a four tiles okay if I stay where I am
yJefEj642DM-01012-00263292-00263423 they will not be able to reach us
yJefEj642DM-01013-00263424-00263710 immediately on the next turn
yJefEj642DM-01014-00263711-00264023 so let's stay out of the range we can
yJefEj642DM-01015-00264024-00264215 move forward one
yJefEj642DM-01016-00264216-00264406 let's have our hero here on this High
yJefEj642DM-01017-00264407-00264677 foliage
yJefEj642DM-01018-00264678-00264929 I will heal up
yJefEj642DM-01019-00264930-00265673 or a pole alarm guy
yJefEj642DM-01020-00265674-00265877 so
yJefEj642DM-01021-00265878-00266087 I suppose I could do it twice if I
yJefEj642DM-01022-00266088-00266195 really wanted to
yJefEj642DM-01023-00266196-00266584 a shooting Breeze has two turn coal down
yJefEj642DM-01024-00266585-00266765 let's do it
yJefEj642DM-01025-00266766-00266953 he'll need his help
yJefEj642DM-01026-00266954-00267263 obviously he'll need his health okay I
yJefEj642DM-01027-00267264-00267430 think that will be it
yJefEj642DM-01028-00267431-00267665 I can't cast any spells on turn one so
yJefEj642DM-01029-00267666-00268013 we let them do whatever they want to do
yJefEj642DM-01030-00268014-00268234 okay that's good
yJefEj642DM-01031-00268235-00268505 when I cut to this
yJefEj642DM-01032-00268506-00268799 so that has 90 percent chance of
yJefEj642DM-01033-00268800-00269080 inflicting standard resistance for free
yJefEj642DM-01034-00269081-00269189 turns
yJefEj642DM-01035-00269190-00269387 which decreases the resistance so
yJefEj642DM-01036-00269388-00269615 basically we will do more damage with
yJefEj642DM-01037-00269616-00269879 anyone who has a magical attack as
yJefEj642DM-01038-00269880-00270071 opposed to physical which is most of our
yJefEj642DM-01039-00270072-00270460 units so I think that's worth doing
yJefEj642DM-01040-00270461-00270634 yes these are arranged they have four
yJefEj642DM-01041-00270635-00270934 tile range all of them are ranged
yJefEj642DM-01042-00270935-00271210 okay so it landed on two of them and one
yJefEj642DM-01043-00271211-00271427 of them resisted one of them resisted
yJefEj642DM-01044-00271428-00271691 electrified right yep right here that's
yJefEj642DM-01045-00271692-00271810 electrified
yJefEj642DM-01046-00271811-00272063 now do I want to move in or not that's
yJefEj642DM-01047-00272064-00272369 the important question here
yJefEj642DM-01048-00272370-00272734 the goal is to not lose any units
yJefEj642DM-01049-00272735-00272951 if I charge
yJefEj642DM-01050-00272952-00273184 with my Arcane guard he will take a lot
yJefEj642DM-01051-00273185-00273323 of damage
yJefEj642DM-01052-00273324-00273587 what spells can we use
yJefEj642DM-01053-00273588-00273767 right we don't have some good stuff here
yJefEj642DM-01054-00273768-00274079 enemy units in one hex radius sustain 15
yJefEj642DM-01055-00274080-00274360 lightening damage or Target unit will
yJefEj642DM-01056-00274361-00274615 take 30. once they're held
yJefEj642DM-01057-00274616-00275165 52 out of 59 okay 59 and a casting
yJefEj642DM-01058-00275166-00275321 combat spells
yJefEj642DM-01059-00275322-00275573 it will give us more damage because of
yJefEj642DM-01060-00275574-00275753 star Blazer tournament
yJefEj642DM-01061-00275754-00275939 and furthermore
yJefEj642DM-01062-00275940-00276191 it will also give us life still because
yJefEj642DM-01063-00276192-00276395 of Mana addicted but if I don't cast a
yJefEj642DM-01064-00276396-00276610 spell I will lose 5 morale
yJefEj642DM-01065-00276611-00276845 one thing I could do is this magic
yJefEj642DM-01066-00276846-00277055 shield on our polar arm guy and then the
yJefEj642DM-01067-00277056-00277295 charging I don't know if he will survive
yJefEj642DM-01068-00277296-00277655 this thing is their Fireball skill is
yJefEj642DM-01069-00277656-00277895 repeatable which means they can use it
yJefEj642DM-01070-00277896-00278201 multiple times and it's 9 damage so 9
yJefEj642DM-01071-00278202-00278351 damage three times if they attack
yJefEj642DM-01072-00278352-00278615 without moving that's a lot of damage it
yJefEj642DM-01073-00278616-00278771 would be nice if they moved a little bit
yJefEj642DM-01074-00278772-00278993 closer to us but that will give them at
yJefEj642DM-01075-00278994-00279215 least some level of initiative okay I
yJefEj642DM-01076-00279216-00279382 mean we can always replay this fight if
yJefEj642DM-01077-00279383-00279677 it goes wrong so what I'm going to do is
yJefEj642DM-01078-00279678-00280079 actually cast Magic Shield
yJefEj642DM-01079-00280080-00280265 on our polar arm guy and then we'll
yJefEj642DM-01080-00280266-00280403 charge in
yJefEj642DM-01081-00280404-00280630 I might regret it I might not I don't
yJefEj642DM-01082-00280631-00280756 know
yJefEj642DM-01083-00280757-00280949 so this gives us
yJefEj642DM-01084-00280950-00281213 the star blades
yJefEj642DM-01085-00281214-00281458 right here without star blades so more
yJefEj642DM-01086-00281459-00281555 damage
yJefEj642DM-01087-00281556-00281795 bolstery defense and bolster resistance
yJefEj642DM-01088-00281796-00282143 so now we have four resistance which is
yJefEj642DM-01089-00282144-00282479 44 damage reduction for magic attacks
yJefEj642DM-01090-00282480-00282701 and they all have magic attacks Fire
yJefEj642DM-01091-00282702-00282851 based
yJefEj642DM-01092-00282852-00283156 now we can move in and do some damage
yJefEj642DM-01093-00283157-00283475 so let's go with that
yJefEj642DM-01094-00283476-00283882 move around the fire
yJefEj642DM-01095-00283883-00284039 okay
yJefEj642DM-01096-00284040-00284423 we have two arcanists
yJefEj642DM-01097-00284424-00284782 we can get 90 percent
yJefEj642DM-01098-00284783-00285034 so I could stand here
yJefEj642DM-01099-00285035-00285305 and
yJefEj642DM-01100-00285306-00285689 here
yJefEj642DM-01101-00285690-00286234 let's go with that
yJefEj642DM-01102-00286235-00286499 and we speed up the animations a little
yJefEj642DM-01103-00286500-00286780 I don't think we can kill one Spirit
yJefEj642DM-01104-00286781-00286979 right now on this turn
yJefEj642DM-01105-00286980-00287158 probably not
yJefEj642DM-01106-00287159-00287758 but we can do some okay damage
yJefEj642DM-01107-00287759-00287969 okay I'm burning because I had to go for
yJefEj642DM-01108-00287970-00288221 one tile that's on fire
yJefEj642DM-01109-00288222-00288382 we'll do way more damage on the next
yJefEj642DM-01110-00288383-00288658 turn because this attack is repeatable
yJefEj642DM-01111-00288659-00289030 so if I attack with this when I have two
yJefEj642DM-01112-00289031-00289223 action points or three action points I
yJefEj642DM-01113-00289224-00289451 will attack two or three times so that's
yJefEj642DM-01114-00289452-00289655 obviously helpful
yJefEj642DM-01115-00289656-00289858 and now we have it to
yJefEj642DM-01116-00289859-00290123 uh soldiers over here
yJefEj642DM-01117-00290124-00290458 so soding Breeze is on cooldown and we
yJefEj642DM-01118-00290459-00290693 have full health at the moment
yJefEj642DM-01119-00290694-00290945 we can just attack one time here
yJefEj642DM-01120-00290946-00291173 yeah see so I could go here but then I
yJefEj642DM-01121-00291174-00291323 will move through two tiles that are on
yJefEj642DM-01122-00291324-00291569 fire which is not necessarily what I
yJefEj642DM-01123-00291570-00291701 want
yJefEj642DM-01124-00291702-00291958 because it will give us burning effect
yJefEj642DM-01125-00291959-00292271 which is Aid damage each turn it's quite
yJefEj642DM-01126-00292272-00292487 a lot of damage we should not move
yJefEj642DM-01127-00292488-00292595 through that
yJefEj642DM-01128-00292596-00292906 not a good idea
yJefEj642DM-01129-00292907-00293260 let's go here and just attack this guy
yJefEj642DM-01130-00293261-00293717 because that's 90 percent
yJefEj642DM-01131-00293718-00293980 yeah 70 I think I'll have to go with 70
yJefEj642DM-01132-00293981-00294593 percent okay let's go with 70 percent
yJefEj642DM-01133-00294594-00294755 okay
yJefEj642DM-01134-00294756-00295139 I guess that will do
yJefEj642DM-01135-00295140-00295571 let's see how much damage we take now
yJefEj642DM-01136-00295572-00295889 hopefully bolster will help
yJefEj642DM-01137-00295890-00296117 okay that's fine
yJefEj642DM-01138-00296118-00296827 they are spreading out their attacks
yJefEj642DM-01139-00296828-00297317 and now we could consider using face
yJefEj642DM-01140-00297318-00297539 okay now if I cast a spell we will get
yJefEj642DM-01141-00297540-00297803 live still right away which I might want
yJefEj642DM-01142-00297804-00298030 to consider now we could maybe use
yJefEj642DM-01143-00298031-00298265 formination here
yJefEj642DM-01144-00298266-00298463 so anime units in one hex radius
yJefEj642DM-01145-00298464-00298717 sustaining 15 lightening damage
yJefEj642DM-01146-00298718-00298973 I can hit every single one of them with
yJefEj642DM-01147-00298974-00299141 this
yJefEj642DM-01148-00299142-00299351 probably the best move right now
yJefEj642DM-01149-00299352-00299717 let's go with the DOT
yJefEj642DM-01150-00299718-00299873 okay good
yJefEj642DM-01151-00299874-00300155 more electrified as well
yJefEj642DM-01152-00300156-00300437 so how about the face that's four tile
yJefEj642DM-01153-00300438-00300551 range
yJefEj642DM-01154-00300552-00300779 not exactly the best kind of map for
yJefEj642DM-01155-00300780-00301084 this to be honest
yJefEj642DM-01156-00301085-00301534 way too much fire around here
yJefEj642DM-01157-00301535-00301732 this guy is almost dead
yJefEj642DM-01158-00301733-00302284 we can definitely kill him
yJefEj642DM-01159-00302285-00302549 okay he's almost dead now we can finish
yJefEj642DM-01160-00302550-00302789 him off with one of the soldiers because
yJefEj642DM-01161-00302790-00302999 that says support unit which means he
yJefEj642DM-01162-00303000-00303155 can only attack once
yJefEj642DM-01163-00303156-00303443 no matter how many
yJefEj642DM-01164-00303444-00303755 points he has action points I just don't
yJefEj642DM-01165-00303756-00303982 want to move for a stupid fire it's not
yJefEj642DM-01166-00303983-00304229 the end of the world if I do but 8
yJefEj642DM-01167-00304230-00304475 damage per turn is quite a bit actually
yJefEj642DM-01168-00304476-00304649 right since this guy is already burning
yJefEj642DM-01169-00304650-00304871 I don't think it can stuck I'm pretty
yJefEj642DM-01170-00304872-00305117 sure it doesn't actually stuck
yJefEj642DM-01171-00305118-00305332 so anyone who's already burning in the
yJefEj642DM-01172-00305333-00305495 first place
yJefEj642DM-01173-00305496-00305675 you can probably just move forward no
yJefEj642DM-01174-00305676-00306071 problem all right let's go over here
yJefEj642DM-01175-00306072-00306293 that was a mistake actually because I
yJefEj642DM-01176-00306294-00306527 can't use my range.ag when I'm in Malai
yJefEj642DM-01177-00306528-00306797 with something
yJefEj642DM-01178-00306798-00307054 that was a mistake this is why you need
yJefEj642DM-01179-00307055-00307253 and though
yJefEj642DM-01180-00307254-00307510 this guy is not on fire which means he
yJefEj642DM-01181-00307511-00307834 will give himself burning effect if I go
yJefEj642DM-01182-00307835-00308160 through this Burning ground
yJefEj642DM-01183-00308161-00308404 it's just that I don't want to waste
yJefEj642DM-01184-00308405-00308669 this Arcanist to finish off and Anime
yJefEj642DM-01185-00308670-00308951 unit that's almost dead already you know
yJefEj642DM-01186-00308952-00309287 but I might have to I suppose
yJefEj642DM-01187-00309288-00309545 what can we do with our hero hold on
yJefEj642DM-01188-00309546-00309827 magic balls
yJefEj642DM-01189-00309828-00309977 right
yJefEj642DM-01190-00309978-00310445 how far can I face
yJefEj642DM-01191-00310446-00310673 I could consider doing that it's a
yJefEj642DM-01192-00310674-00310817 little bit risky
yJefEj642DM-01193-00310818-00311015 and I would have to set myself on fire
yJefEj642DM-01194-00311016-00311273 but we could face past them I assume
yJefEj642DM-01195-00311274-00311467 what's your health
yJefEj642DM-01196-00311468-00311623 90.
yJefEj642DM-01197-00311624-00311903 I think it'll be fine
yJefEj642DM-01198-00311904-00312293 I don't even have to face
yJefEj642DM-01199-00312294-00312610 I can but I don't have to yeah no let's
yJefEj642DM-01200-00312611-00312779 keep it for the next turn I think
yJefEj642DM-01201-00312780-00313079 there's no need right now so magic balls
yJefEj642DM-01202-00313080-00313217 is 10 damage
yJefEj642DM-01203-00313218-00313421 once you're hurt left
yJefEj642DM-01204-00313422-00313949 only four Health left right
yJefEj642DM-01205-00313950-00314453 okay let's do this
yJefEj642DM-01206-00314454-00314899 then I can use my solder
yJefEj642DM-01207-00314900-00315347 because he's no longer in my life
yJefEj642DM-01208-00315348-00315587 okay there's a chance we can finish off
yJefEj642DM-01209-00315588-00315958 that unit on the left the one that one
yJefEj642DM-01210-00315959-00316143 okay
yJefEj642DM-01211-00316144-00316325 [Music]
yJefEj642DM-01212-00316326-00316756 it's down to one Health it's literally
yJefEj642DM-01213-00316757-00317075 at one Health
yJefEj642DM-01214-00317076-00317303 that's slightly annoying
yJefEj642DM-01215-00317304-00317584 also I keep pressing tab because that's
yJefEj642DM-01216-00317585-00317849 my instinct but that's not the keyboard
yJefEj642DM-01217-00317850-00318089 shortcut for the next unit you are
yJefEj642DM-01218-00318090-00318263 burning already this will be so much
yJefEj642DM-01219-00318264-00318460 easier without this Burning crop to be
yJefEj642DM-01220-00318461-00318551 honest
yJefEj642DM-01221-00318552-00318887 so I can attack twice with 50 chance
yJefEj642DM-01222-00318888-00319175 I just have to hit him once oh wait we
yJefEj642DM-01223-00319176-00319325 have 70 percent from where we're
yJefEj642DM-01224-00319326-00319637 standing so this should kill him
yJefEj642DM-01225-00319638-00319841 you could make an argument it's a bit of
yJefEj642DM-01226-00319842-00320087 a waste you're only 30 percent
yJefEj642DM-01227-00320088-00320279 let's see if I can learn that it's 30
yJefEj642DM-01228-00320280-00320380 percent
yJefEj642DM-01229-00320381-00320777 because maybe I can
yJefEj642DM-01230-00320778-00321058 yeah we did okay very nice now we have
yJefEj642DM-01231-00321059-00321413 high morale now we can attack this guy
yJefEj642DM-01232-00321414-00321617 fifty percent free times I'm okay with
yJefEj642DM-01233-00321618-00321910 this I think
yJefEj642DM-01234-00321911-00322301 missed hit grazed okay that's a decent
yJefEj642DM-01235-00322302-00322739 outcome
yJefEj642DM-01236-00322740-00322943 so this is a way better outcome than the
yJefEj642DM-01237-00322944-00323243 AI achieved so far
yJefEj642DM-01238-00323244-00324106 okay now we should heal ourselves
yJefEj642DM-01239-00324107-00324413 there you go heal
yJefEj642DM-01240-00324414-00324929 that gives you 51 plus 24 okay
yJefEj642DM-01241-00324930-00325175 well 51 total including 24 temporary
yJefEj642DM-01242-00325176-00325295 points
yJefEj642DM-01243-00325296-00325510 that's not going to be enough to kill
yJefEj642DM-01244-00325511-00325780 that guy in the back he's standing on
yJefEj642DM-01245-00325781-00326129 high foliage now which means I'll have a
yJefEj642DM-01246-00326130-00326417 40 extra chance to miss him with ranged
yJefEj642DM-01247-00326418-00326639 attacks
yJefEj642DM-01248-00326640-00326830 but I won't kill him with this Malaya
yJefEj642DM-01249-00326831-00327023 attack
yJefEj642DM-01250-00327024-00327425 at least unless I create which I might
yJefEj642DM-01251-00327426-00327682 what can we cast
yJefEj642DM-01252-00327683-00328037 I can still just cast a damaging spell
yJefEj642DM-01253-00328038-00328301 let's hit this guy with 30 damage or
yJefEj642DM-01254-00328302-00328517 wait wait I can just kill this guy with
yJefEj642DM-01255-00328518-00328721 30 damage heck yeah
yJefEj642DM-01256-00328722-00328997 how much hell does he have left
yJefEj642DM-01257-00328998-00329171 a 14
yJefEj642DM-01258-00329172-00329525 you go the size bit of an Overkill but
yJefEj642DM-01259-00329526-00329867 it's the easiest way to get rid of him
yJefEj642DM-01260-00329868-00330191 let's just go with that then done and we
yJefEj642DM-01261-00330192-00330473 have one unit left now so let's take
yJefEj642DM-01262-00330474-00330743 care of that
yJefEj642DM-01263-00330744-00331151 that's two attacks
yJefEj642DM-01264-00331152-00331595 there you go
yJefEj642DM-01265-00331596-00331739 got it
yJefEj642DM-01266-00331740-00332304 yeah I'm pretty sure he's dead now
yJefEj642DM-01267-00332305-00332603 there it is this is definitely better
yJefEj642DM-01268-00332604-00332843 outcome than autoresolve all right we
yJefEj642DM-01269-00332844-00333089 don't want to heal some of our dogs
yJefEj642DM-01270-00333090-00333329 but that was a fun fight
yJefEj642DM-01271-00333330-00333457 a run deposit
yJefEj642DM-01272-00333458-00333647 [Music]
yJefEj642DM-01273-00333648-00333851 okay I think we should unlock excavation
yJefEj642DM-01274-00333852-00334091 maybe we can find something interesting
yJefEj642DM-01275-00334092-00334313 down here
yJefEj642DM-01276-00334314-00334517 so let's unlock that
yJefEj642DM-01277-00334518-00334691 there you go
yJefEj642DM-01278-00334692-00334889 done
yJefEj642DM-01279-00334890-00335117 okay now we have an actual excavation
yJefEj642DM-01280-00335118-00335237 here
yJefEj642DM-01281-00335238-00335525 so one turn to excavate this
yJefEj642DM-01282-00335526-00335903 let's do it
yJefEj642DM-01283-00335904-00336179 we finish the market
yJefEj642DM-01284-00336180-00336689 now we can grab the ground array
yJefEj642DM-01285-00336690-00336947 and we leveled up as well or it was the
yJefEj642DM-01286-00336948-00337156 most useful thing we can grab here
yJefEj642DM-01287-00337157-00337427 what's Channel power again Magicka tags
yJefEj642DM-01288-00337428-00337606 gained plus eighty percent damage until
yJefEj642DM-01289-00337607-00337901 the end of the next turn alright wait
yJefEj642DM-01290-00337902-00338219 you mean for like our entire group this
yJefEj642DM-01291-00338220-00338471 costs all three action points
yJefEj642DM-01292-00338472-00338669 yeah I think I'll grab that
yJefEj642DM-01293-00338670-00338849 okay let's grab that
yJefEj642DM-01294-00338850-00339065 we need one more level to get a level 5
yJefEj642DM-01295-00339066-00339317 signature skill all right that's the end
yJefEj642DM-01296-00339318-00339508 of our turn let's see what we can
yJefEj642DM-01297-00339509-00339689 excavate here
yJefEj642DM-01298-00339690-00339851 what's that
yJefEj642DM-01299-00339852-00340145 bone Golem bone wyvern okay doesn't
yJefEj642DM-01300-00340146-00340627 sound too bad
yJefEj642DM-01301-00340628-00340925 oh okay we lost arkanis so I will
yJefEj642DM-01302-00340926-00341233 definitely replay this
yLImfExw_TE-00000-00000758-00001120 one two three four one two three four
yLImfExw_TE-00001-00001121-00001427 you already know man we back on another
yLImfExw_TE-00002-00001428-00001913 video man hey we got burnt Roblox Army
yLImfExw_TE-00003-00001914-00002255 funny moments memes man he said in the
yLImfExw_TE-00004-00002256-00002575 comments this is just an extra video
yLImfExw_TE-00005-00002576-00002855 I mean he said this on his own mouth
yLImfExw_TE-00006-00002856-00003052 first said that man I won't appreciate
yLImfExw_TE-00007-00003053-00003467 you guys for the love hey if we do get
yLImfExw_TE-00008-00003468-00003749 300 likes on this video I would eat a
yLImfExw_TE-00009-00003750-00004133 raw Glizzy on stream man a raw Glizzy
yLImfExw_TE-00010-00004134-00004475 leave your Roblox name in the comment
yLImfExw_TE-00011-00004476-00004756 section so I can add you hey but without
yLImfExw_TE-00012-00004757-00005251 further Ado let's get into this video
yLImfExw_TE-00013-00005252-00005485 I'm good
yLImfExw_TE-00014-00005486-00005965 okay they're going into the army
yLImfExw_TE-00015-00005966-00006281 oh hold on hold up why y'all Superman
yLImfExw_TE-00016-00006282-00006491 though in the beginning he was just
yLImfExw_TE-00017-00006492-00006773 trying to join the Army but dang bro
yLImfExw_TE-00018-00006773-00007114 y'all just shot him down
yLImfExw_TE-00019-00007115-00007427 dang bro why did y'all do my man's like
yLImfExw_TE-00020-00007428-00007777 that he was just a guest too
yLImfExw_TE-00021-00007778-00008063 that's tough
yLImfExw_TE-00022-00008064-00008267 oh
yLImfExw_TE-00023-00008268-00008555 I don't want you here it's a good day to
yLImfExw_TE-00024-00008556-00008909 join the Army yeah Leo you can walk in
yLImfExw_TE-00025-00008910-00009116 they just told me okay
yLImfExw_TE-00026-00009117-00009289 [Music]
yLImfExw_TE-00027-00009290-00009756 nope
yLImfExw_TE-00028-00009757-00010253 I guess he ain't join an army today
yLImfExw_TE-00029-00010254-00010585 [Music]
yLImfExw_TE-00030-00010586-00011014 sir okay get my outfit
yLImfExw_TE-00031-00011015-00011392 okay he got drip in the Army then
yLImfExw_TE-00032-00011393-00012121 whoa
yLImfExw_TE-00033-00012122-00012623 okay training
yLImfExw_TE-00034-00012624-00013033 okay AFK
yLImfExw_TE-00035-00013034-00013408 okay let's go
yLImfExw_TE-00036-00013409-00014125 get in line okay yes instructions
yLImfExw_TE-00037-00014126-00014479 yes instructor capital
yLImfExw_TE-00038-00014480-00014911 yes instructor
yLImfExw_TE-00039-00014912-00015191 oh my God so he got to keep on saying
yLImfExw_TE-00040-00015191-00015425 yes an instructor but it has to be with
yLImfExw_TE-00041-00015426-00015713 capitalization freak man you may get his
yLImfExw_TE-00042-00015713-00015971 hat go down or whatever that's happening
yLImfExw_TE-00043-00015972-00016403 man look at my man bro
yLImfExw_TE-00044-00016404-00017429 you're just ruining it you're really
yLImfExw_TE-00045-00017430-00017869 whoa
yLImfExw_TE-00046-00017870-00018263 whoa they just did that dude like squid
yLImfExw_TE-00047-00018264-00018485 games
yLImfExw_TE-00048-00018486-00019007 okay
yLImfExw_TE-00049-00019008-00019219 yes instructor
yLImfExw_TE-00050-00019220-00019733 yes sir
yLImfExw_TE-00051-00019734-00019877 stop
yLImfExw_TE-00052-00019878-00020297 okay left turn
yLImfExw_TE-00053-00020298-00020850 okay
yLImfExw_TE-00054-00020851-00021186 later later
yLImfExw_TE-00055-00021187-00021629 okay sir okay
yLImfExw_TE-00056-00021630-00021805 back
yLImfExw_TE-00057-00021806-00022228 I we can do this man
yLImfExw_TE-00058-00022229-00022333 halt
yLImfExw_TE-00059-00022334-00022577 [Music]
yLImfExw_TE-00060-00022578-00023058 oh what classroom
yLImfExw_TE-00061-00023059-00023411 okay we gotta see what that says I mean
yLImfExw_TE-00062-00023412-00023639 that's going too fast you must show
yLImfExw_TE-00063-00023640-00023849 respect and tolerance towards all
yLImfExw_TE-00064-00023850-00024113 members of the British army regardless
yLImfExw_TE-00065-00024114-00024383 of their beliefs values or opinions okay
yLImfExw_TE-00066-00024384-00024899 okay
yLImfExw_TE-00067-00024900-00025127 what's going on
yLImfExw_TE-00068-00025128-00025608 red instructor okay he's asleep
yLImfExw_TE-00069-00025610-00025912 I have read now codex instructor Lance
yLImfExw_TE-00070-00025913-00026807 corporal what what I do what did he do
yLImfExw_TE-00071-00026808-00027349 okay Ryan is Noob Ryan is a noob
yLImfExw_TE-00072-00027350-00027737 whoa why would you say that
yLImfExw_TE-00073-00027738-00028055 you were burned
yLImfExw_TE-00074-00028056-00028435 okay where we going on
yLImfExw_TE-00075-00028436-00028877 I hate these tires
yLImfExw_TE-00076-00028877-00029087 always get my foot stuck I go through
yLImfExw_TE-00077-00029088-00029724 the tires bro
yLImfExw_TE-00078-00029725-00030070 it's understood man look at this course
yLImfExw_TE-00079-00030072-00030293 man hey
yLImfExw_TE-00080-00030294-00030514 can y'all get through this course let me
yLImfExw_TE-00081-00030516-00030712 know in the comment section bro don't
yLImfExw_TE-00082-00030713-00030940 cheat either can you get through this
yLImfExw_TE-00083-00030941-00031174 course bro this course looks very
yLImfExw_TE-00084-00031175-00031558 complex bruh the tires maybe man but hey
yLImfExw_TE-00085-00031560-00031757 my feet are probably getting stuck right
yLImfExw_TE-00086-00031758-00032045 there bro in real life I won't even be
yLImfExw_TE-00087-00032045-00032237 able to make it past the first Tire okay
yLImfExw_TE-00088-00032238-00032501 I'm fat but it's all good man let's get
yLImfExw_TE-00089-00032502-00032687 back into it
yLImfExw_TE-00090-00032688-00033040 until I say so okay
yLImfExw_TE-00091-00033041-00033235 what they need
yLImfExw_TE-00092-00033236-00033485 let's go
yLImfExw_TE-00093-00033486-00033690 yes sir okay
yLImfExw_TE-00094-00033691-00034049 I knew it I'm out man oh the log jump
yLImfExw_TE-00095-00034050-00034427 man I hate this on Roblox I never played
yLImfExw_TE-00096-00034428-00034709 this though it looks fun
yLImfExw_TE-00097-00034710-00034926 it's another group
yLImfExw_TE-00098-00034927-00035099 [Music]
yLImfExw_TE-00099-00035100-00035674 the general of the army
yLImfExw_TE-00100-00035675-00036317 what
yLImfExw_TE-00101-00036318-00036555 okay
yLImfExw_TE-00102-00036556-00037495 [Music]
yLImfExw_TE-00103-00037496-00038455 [Music]
yLImfExw_TE-00104-00038456-00038765 what this dude is literally a clown how
yLImfExw_TE-00105-00038766-00038993 can he get ranked he had on a clown
yLImfExw_TE-00106-00038994-00039383 outfit and everything day two morning
yLImfExw_TE-00107-00039384-00039437 okay
yLImfExw_TE-00108-00039438-00039815 [Music]
yLImfExw_TE-00109-00039816-00040367 okay this is day two three seven whoa oh
yLImfExw_TE-00110-00040368-00040552 wow
yLImfExw_TE-00111-00040553-00040805 come on I can't join that army man you
yLImfExw_TE-00112-00040806-00041068 just shooting your fellow British Army
yLImfExw_TE-00113-00041069-00041405 bro what are you doing bro and my man is
yLImfExw_TE-00114-00041406-00041615 not dripped out bruh what is going on
yLImfExw_TE-00115-00041616-00041896 man I'll be dripped you dripped out
yLImfExw_TE-00116-00041897-00042185 throw some Yeezys on or something my guy
yLImfExw_TE-00117-00042186-00042395 come on you can't come out like this
yLImfExw_TE-00118-00042396-00042635 where are some of them Red Bulls bro
yLImfExw_TE-00119-00042636-00042821 you'll still be dripped out more better
yLImfExw_TE-00120-00042822-00043073 man wear these little ugly red boots and
yLImfExw_TE-00121-00043074-00043379 you'll be straight bro let's go one
yLImfExw_TE-00122-00043380-00043612 training later I'm gonna train it later
yLImfExw_TE-00123-00043613-00043823 oh he dripped
yLImfExw_TE-00124-00043824-00044105 hey he got the cardi shades on Military
yLImfExw_TE-00125-00044106-00044407 now oh he military
yLImfExw_TE-00126-00044408-00044693 oh he going to the Border oh what is
yLImfExw_TE-00127-00044694-00044915 their Sonic Rings doing out here you sir
yLImfExw_TE-00128-00044916-00045118 say the alphabet
yLImfExw_TE-00129-00045119-00045643 okay A B C D E F G H I J
yLImfExw_TE-00130-00045644-00046283 oh everyone he messed up the alphabet
yLImfExw_TE-00131-00046284-00046537 50 jumping jacks mouth
yLImfExw_TE-00132-00046538-00046877 oh he the only one dripped out with the
yLImfExw_TE-00133-00046878-00047323 a Jersey
yLImfExw_TE-00134-00047324-00047699 oh my God this is literally squid games
yLImfExw_TE-00135-00047700-00048049 bro he's just shooting everybody
yLImfExw_TE-00136-00048050-00048449 he's just showing everybody weird buddy
yLImfExw_TE-00137-00048450-00048689 yeah you weird
yLImfExw_TE-00138-00048690-00049205 man what this dude is crazy man
yLImfExw_TE-00139-00049206-00049583 okay change your skin tone
yLImfExw_TE-00140-00049584-00049949 rifles in training second lieutenant bro
yLImfExw_TE-00141-00049950-00050218 put that gun down
yLImfExw_TE-00142-00050219-00050890 enemies uniform okay
yLImfExw_TE-00143-00050891-00051340 oh
yLImfExw_TE-00144-00051341-00051544 dang the second Lieutenant is going
yLImfExw_TE-00145-00051545-00051785 crazy
yLImfExw_TE-00146-00051786-00051964 broke
yLImfExw_TE-00147-00051965-00052211 can somebody vote him down or something
yLImfExw_TE-00148-00052212-00052414 because he's just going around shooting
yLImfExw_TE-00149-00052415-00052673 everybody for no reason
yLImfExw_TE-00150-00052674-00052859 how are you gonna have a smile on his
yLImfExw_TE-00151-00052860-00053135 face but still mad at the same time look
yLImfExw_TE-00152-00053136-00053357 at his freaking eyebrows man he look
yLImfExw_TE-00153-00053358-00053530 insane bro I wouldn't want to mess with
yLImfExw_TE-00154-00053532-00054107 this dude okay
yLImfExw_TE-00155-00054108-00054385 he going crazy man he is going crazy
yLImfExw_TE-00156-00054386-00054749 dang it's still turning into God Call of
yLImfExw_TE-00157-00054750-00055054 Duty oh not in the nuts you just shot
yLImfExw_TE-00158-00055055-00055279 him in the nuts R.I.P man
yLImfExw_TE-00159-00055279-00055830 R.I.P bro that's tough
yLImfExw_TE-00160-00055832-00056136 hey okay
yLImfExw_TE-00161-00056137-00056932 [Music]
yLImfExw_TE-00162-00056933-00057221 I gotta go ahead and add him what's his
yLImfExw_TE-00163-00057222-00057653 bird name on Roblox okay drip down hey
yLImfExw_TE-00164-00057654-00058350 okay hey okay hey okay hey hey hey
yLImfExw_TE-00165-00058351-00058765 okay hey
yLImfExw_TE-00166-00058766-00059100 yo I like the ending oh yeah
yLImfExw_TE-00167-00059101-00059554 yeah yeah yeah yeah yeah yeah yeah
yLImfExw_TE-00168-00059555-00059915 hello yeah yeah
yLImfExw_TE-00169-00059916-00059976 yeah
yLImfExw_TE-00170-00059977-00060647 yeah yeah yeah hey
yLImfExw_TE-00171-00060648-00060880 but hey you guys hit the like hit the
yLImfExw_TE-00172-00060882-00061073 sub let me know what's your favorite
yLImfExw_TE-00173-00061074-00061354 part man I don't want no parts of this
yLImfExw_TE-00174-00061355-00061571 freaking army man I gotta know the
yLImfExw_TE-00175-00061572-00061853 lieutenant man we in Roblox does the
yLImfExw_TE-00176-00061854-00062092 Army still exist y'all let me know man
yLImfExw_TE-00177-00062094-00062285 do you play the army do you play this
yLImfExw_TE-00178-00062286-00062591 game the army man hey add me on Roblox
yLImfExw_TE-00179-00062591-00062982 man fat red got9 also
yLImfExw_TE-00180-00062983-00063257 subscribe to the channel man add me on
yLImfExw_TE-00181-00063258-00063629 Instagram at fat red God man we all man
yLImfExw_TE-00182-00063629-00063875 you guys have a wonderful day man it's
yLImfExw_TE-00183-00063876-00064349 the fat reggae man I'm signing out gang
yLImfExw_TE-00184-00064350-00064650 gang
yNRB0IwkaXo-00000-00000019-00000347 hi I'm Doran case I go to Randolph
yNRB0IwkaXo-00001-00000348-00000682 Heights Elementary School and I go to
yNRB0IwkaXo-00002-00000683-00001187 dance at O'Shea Irish dance
yNRB0IwkaXo-00003-00001188-00001528 my cousin was dancing at Irish Fair
yNRB0IwkaXo-00004-00001529-00001763 and I thought it was cool and I wanted
yNRB0IwkaXo-00005-00001764-00002141 to do it so I kept asking my parents and
yNRB0IwkaXo-00006-00002142-00002316 they finally said yes
yNRB0IwkaXo-00007-00002317-00003347 [Music]
yNRB0IwkaXo-00008-00003347-00003719 really like about Irish dance is I liked
yNRB0IwkaXo-00009-00003720-00004085 my friends that I make and traveling for
yNRB0IwkaXo-00010-00004086-00004535 competitions I feel good about it and
yNRB0IwkaXo-00011-00004536-00004883 I like it and I think it's special that
yNRB0IwkaXo-00012-00004884-00005267 I have friends to talk to about it
yNRB0IwkaXo-00013-00005268-00006191 [Music]
yNRB0IwkaXo-00014-00006192-00006448 my teacher and dance classes cormic
yNRB0IwkaXo-00015-00006450-00006748 O'Shea one of the original cast of River
yNRB0IwkaXo-00016-00006750-00006989 Dance I had the great Fortune of going
yNRB0IwkaXo-00017-00006990-00007264 into the show right out of high school
yNRB0IwkaXo-00018-00007265-00007613 um back in 1995 and I toured for about
yNRB0IwkaXo-00019-00007614-00007828 five and a half years
yNRB0IwkaXo-00020-00007829-00008063 um pretty pretty straight
yNRB0IwkaXo-00021-00008064-00008309 um and really uh really enjoyed it met
yNRB0IwkaXo-00022-00008310-00008614 my wife Natalie on tour and we settled
yNRB0IwkaXo-00023-00008615-00008855 in Dublin for a short while and then we
yNRB0IwkaXo-00024-00008856-00009095 uh we endeavored and are embarked on a
yNRB0IwkaXo-00025-00009096-00009239 trip to Saint Paul and we've never left
yNRB0IwkaXo-00026-00009240-00009605 since sometimes here
yNRB0IwkaXo-00027-00009606-00009785 um tells you you're doing something
yNRB0IwkaXo-00028-00009786-00010049 wrong and you have to repeat it and
yNRB0IwkaXo-00029-00010050-00010331 sometimes he makes you laugh too well
yNRB0IwkaXo-00030-00010332-00010510 tauren has been dancing with us for a
yNRB0IwkaXo-00031-00010511-00010714 couple of well maybe four or five years
yNRB0IwkaXo-00032-00010715-00010877 at this point
yNRB0IwkaXo-00033-00010878-00011123 um he was a little small Blondie haired
yNRB0IwkaXo-00034-00011124-00011423 guy that that showed up here and he has
yNRB0IwkaXo-00035-00011424-00011633 learned so much over the last number of
yNRB0IwkaXo-00036-00011634-00011855 years I can't believe the progress that
yNRB0IwkaXo-00037-00011856-00012006 he has made
yNRB0IwkaXo-00038-00012007-00012256 especially recently he has started to
yNRB0IwkaXo-00039-00012257-00012496 take classes more often with me and he
yNRB0IwkaXo-00040-00012497-00012695 has been doing much more advanced steps
yNRB0IwkaXo-00041-00012696-00013097 and he has really taken to them so well
yNRB0IwkaXo-00042-00013099-00013816 [Music]
yNRB0IwkaXo-00043-00013818-00013872 hello
yNRB0IwkaXo-00044-00013874-00014951 [Music]
yNRB0IwkaXo-00045-00014952-00015227 something
yNRB0IwkaXo-00046-00015228-00015508 we're coming up on 17 years now with
yNRB0IwkaXo-00047-00015509-00015785 ocean St Paul and then the creation of
yNRB0IwkaXo-00048-00015786-00016091 Celtic Junction Art Center was really a
yNRB0IwkaXo-00049-00016091-00016343 home for that it was we were looking for
yNRB0IwkaXo-00050-00016344-00016769 a space to uh to make our own and then
yNRB0IwkaXo-00051-00016770-00016913 our collaboration with the center for
yNRB0IwkaXo-00052-00016914-00017122 Irish music back all those years ago
yNRB0IwkaXo-00053-00017123-00017344 probably 13 heading for 14 years ago
yNRB0IwkaXo-00054-00017345-00017597 when we opened the space we couldn't
yNRB0IwkaXo-00055-00017598-00017758 have done it without each other you know
yNRB0IwkaXo-00056-00017759-00018065 we had the the the the solid group of
yNRB0IwkaXo-00057-00018066-00018335 people and the people who believed in us
yNRB0IwkaXo-00058-00018336-00018605 the people here are just super welcoming
yNRB0IwkaXo-00059-00018606-00018827 very nice and kind and I've made a lot
yNRB0IwkaXo-00060-00018828-00019067 of lifelong friends then I also just
yNRB0IwkaXo-00061-00019068-00019300 love the dancing because I think it's so
yNRB0IwkaXo-00062-00019301-00019535 beautiful and I think it's important to
yNRB0IwkaXo-00063-00019536-00019841 preserve tradition I wanted to share
yNRB0IwkaXo-00064-00019842-00020122 that it's really fun and you should try
yNRB0IwkaXo-00065-00020123-00020194 it
yNRB0IwkaXo-00066-00020195-00020525 it's the land of milk and honey and
yNRB0IwkaXo-00067-00020526-00020685 temperatures
yNRB0IwkaXo-00068-00020686-00020869 [Music]
yNRB0IwkaXo-00069-00020870-00021730 they call in Minnesota
yNRB0IwkaXo-00070-00021731-00022108 right now
yNRB0IwkaXo-00071-00022109-00022517 [Music]
yNRB0IwkaXo-00072-00022518-00022636 foreign
yNRB0IwkaXo-00073-00022637-00022720 [Applause]
yNRB0IwkaXo-00074-00022721-00023346 [Music]
ypr6B3CrhR4-00000-00000000-00000311 hello anonymous we are anonymous we
ypr6B3CrhR4-00001-00000312-00000548 direct this message to ourself to
ypr6B3CrhR4-00002-00000549-00000740 clarify the importance that we do not
ypr6B3CrhR4-00003-00000741-00000941 allow ourselves to become tainted by
ypr6B3CrhR4-00004-00000942-00001204 personal distinction once an individual
ypr6B3CrhR4-00005-00001205-00001525 attempts type as or act for the many
ypr6B3CrhR4-00006-00001526-00001751 anonymous is no longer the incoherent
ypr6B3CrhR4-00007-00001752-00002000 machine it is intended to be there are
ypr6B3CrhR4-00008-00002001-00002174 no official messages from anonymous
ypr6B3CrhR4-00009-00002175-00002410 there are no official videos from
ypr6B3CrhR4-00010-00002411-00002592 anonymous there are no official
ypr6B3CrhR4-00011-00002593-00002864 representatives of anonymous there is no
ypr6B3CrhR4-00012-00002865-00003074 official gathering point of anonymous
ypr6B3CrhR4-00013-00003075-00003322 there is no official goal of anonymous
ypr6B3CrhR4-00014-00003323-00003554 anyone attempting to modifier these
ypr6B3CrhR4-00015-00003554-00003731 points this so to the detriment of the
ypr6B3CrhR4-00016-00003732-00003953 whole anonymous is not your personal
ypr6B3CrhR4-00017-00003954-00004277 army one had lacks the power of many one
ypr6B3CrhR4-00018-00004278-00004472 hair is corruptible one head is
ypr6B3CrhR4-00019-00004473-00004736 removable everyone's contribution is
ypr6B3CrhR4-00020-00004737-00005033 equal don't be a follower rely on the
ypr6B3CrhR4-00021-00005034-00005521 whole be part of the whole avoid the one
yPfsZV17c_c-00000-00000053-00000356 fresco plural frescoes or frescoes is a
yPfsZV17c_c-00001-00000357-00000572 technique of mural painting executed
yPfsZV17c_c-00002-00000573-00000808 upon freshly laid or wet lime plaster
yPfsZV17c_c-00003-00000809-00001082 water is used as the vehicle for the dry
yPfsZV17c_c-00004-00001083-00001283 powder pigment to merge with the plaster
yPfsZV17c_c-00005-00001284-00001460 and with the setting of the plaster the
yPfsZV17c_c-00006-00001461-00001643 painting becomes an integral part of the
yPfsZV17c_c-00007-00001644-00002005 wall the word fresco Italian a fresco is
yPfsZV17c_c-00008-00002007-00002198 derived from the Italian adjective
yPfsZV17c_c-00009-00002199-00002474 fresco meaning fresh and may thus be
yPfsZV17c_c-00010-00002475-00002708 contrasted with fresco Seco or psycho
yPfsZV17c_c-00011-00002709-00002888 mural painting techniques which are
yPfsZV17c_c-00012-00002889-00003089 applied to dried plaster to supplement
yPfsZV17c_c-00013-00003090-00003350 painting in fresco the fresco technique
yPfsZV17c_c-00014-00003351-00003590 has been employed since antiquity and is
yPfsZV17c_c-00015-00003590-00003785 closely associated with Italian
yPfsZV17c_c-00016-00003786-00004168 Renaissance painting
yPfsZV17c_c-00017-00004169-00004697 topic technology
yPfsZV17c_c-00018-00004698-00004954 one fresco pigment is mixed with room
yPfsZV17c_c-00019-00004955-00005162 temperature water and is used on a thin
yPfsZV17c_c-00020-00005163-00005356 layer of wet fresh plaster called the
yPfsZV17c_c-00021-00005357-00005543 intone echo after the Italian word for
yPfsZV17c_c-00022-00005544-00005828 plaster because of the chemical makeup
yPfsZV17c_c-00023-00005829-00006043 of the plaster a binder is not required
yPfsZV17c_c-00024-00006044-00006227 as the pigment mixed solely with the
yPfsZV17c_c-00025-00006228-00006397 water will sink into the intone echo
yPfsZV17c_c-00026-00006398-00006605 which itself becomes the medium holding
yPfsZV17c_c-00027-00006606-00006845 the pigment the pigment is absorbed by
yPfsZV17c_c-00028-00006845-00007043 the wet plaster after a number of hours
yPfsZV17c_c-00029-00007044-00007289 the plaster dries in reaction to air it
yPfsZV17c_c-00030-00007290-00007487 is this chemical reaction which fixes
yPfsZV17c_c-00031-00007488-00007784 the pigment particles in the plaster the
yPfsZV17c_c-00032-00007784-00008041 chemical processes are as follows
yPfsZV17c_c-00033-00008042-00008291 calcination of limestone in a lime kiln
yPfsZV17c_c-00034-00008292-00008623 calcium carbonate south plus co2
yPfsZV17c_c-00035-00008624-00008902 slacking of quick lime South Plus h2o
yPfsZV17c_c-00036-00008903-00009254 calcium hydroxide setting of the lime
yPfsZV17c_c-00037-00009255-00009520 plaster calcium hydroxide plus co2
yPfsZV17c_c-00038-00009521-00009946 calcium carbonate plus h2o in painting
yPfsZV17c_c-00039-00009947-00010151 buon fresco the rough under layer called
yPfsZV17c_c-00040-00010152-00010366 the re geo is added to the whole area to
yPfsZV17c_c-00041-00010367-00010538 be painted and allowed to dry for some
yPfsZV17c_c-00042-00010539-00010784 days many artists sketched their
yPfsZV17c_c-00043-00010785-00010970 compositions on this under layer which
yPfsZV17c_c-00044-00010971-00011171 would never be seen in a red pigment
yPfsZV17c_c-00045-00011172-00011377 called Sanaa Pia a name also used to
yPfsZV17c_c-00046-00011378-00011660 refer to these under paintings later new
yPfsZV17c_c-00047-00011661-00011816 techniques for transferring paper
yPfsZV17c_c-00048-00011817-00012074 drawings to the wall were developed the
yPfsZV17c_c-00049-00012075-00012257 main lines of a drawing made on paper
yPfsZV17c_c-00050-00012258-00012449 were pricked over with a point the paper
yPfsZV17c_c-00051-00012450-00012662 held against the wall and a bag of suits
yPfsZV17c_c-00052-00012663-00012880 PO Vera banged on them on produce black
yPfsZV17c_c-00053-00012881-00013163 dots along the lines if the painting was
yPfsZV17c_c-00054-00013163-00013382 to be done over an existing fresco the
yPfsZV17c_c-00055-00013383-00013535 surface would be rough and to provide
yPfsZV17c_c-00056-00013536-00013793 better adhesion on the day of painting
yPfsZV17c_c-00057-00013794-00014008 the intone echo a thinner smooth layer
yPfsZV17c_c-00058-00014009-00014216 of fine plaster was added to the amount
yPfsZV17c_c-00059-00014216-00014378 of wall that was expected to be
yPfsZV17c_c-00060-00014379-00014582 completed that day sometimes matching
yPfsZV17c_c-00061-00014583-00014732 the contours of the figures or the
yPfsZV17c_c-00062-00014733-00014938 landscape but more often just starting
yPfsZV17c_c-00063-00014940-00015161 from the top of the composition this
yPfsZV17c_c-00064-00015162-00015407 area is called the giornata day's work
yPfsZV17c_c-00065-00015408-00015644 and the different day stages can usually
yPfsZV17c_c-00066-00015644-00015886 be seen in a large fresco by a sort of
yPfsZV17c_c-00067-00015887-00016105 seam that separates one from the next
yPfsZV17c_c-00068-00016106-00016372 one frescoes are difficult to create
yPfsZV17c_c-00069-00016373-00016580 because of the deadlines associated with
yPfsZV17c_c-00070-00016581-00016877 the drying plaster generally a layer of
yPfsZV17c_c-00071-00016878-00017114 plaster will require 10 to 12 hours to
yPfsZV17c_c-00072-00017115-00017321 dry ideally an artist would begin to
yPfsZV17c_c-00073-00017322-00017503 paint after one hour and continue until
yPfsZV17c_c-00074-00017504-00017764 two hours before the drying time giving
yPfsZV17c_c-00075-00017765-00018044 7 to 9 hours working time once a
yPfsZV17c_c-00076-00018045-00018105 giornata
yPfsZV17c_c-00077-00018106-00018342 dried no more buon fresco can be done
yPfsZV17c_c-00078-00018343-00018543 and the unpainted Antonio must be
yPfsZV17c_c-00079-00018544-00018717 removed with a tool before starting
yPfsZV17c_c-00080-00018718-00018972 again the next day if mistakes have been
yPfsZV17c_c-00081-00018973-00019005 made
yPfsZV17c_c-00082-00019006-00019212 it may also be necessary to remove the
yPfsZV17c_c-00083-00019213-00019479 whole Antonio for that area or to change
yPfsZV17c_c-00084-00019480-00019772 them later a CEQA an indispensable
yPfsZV17c_c-00085-00019773-00019980 component of this process as the
yPfsZV17c_c-00086-00019981-00020187 carbonate ation of the lime which fixes
yPfsZV17c_c-00087-00020188-00020358 the color in the plaster ensuring
yPfsZV17c_c-00088-00020359-00020544 durability of the fresco for future
yPfsZV17c_c-00089-00020545-00020733 generations a technique used in the
yPfsZV17c_c-00090-00020734-00020955 popular frescoes of Michelangelo and
yPfsZV17c_c-00091-00020956-00021183 Raphael was to scrape indentations into
yPfsZV17c_c-00092-00021184-00021380 certain areas of the plaster while still
yPfsZV17c_c-00093-00021381-00021555 wet to increase the illusion of depth
yPfsZV17c_c-00094-00021556-00021762 and to accent certain areas over others
yPfsZV17c_c-00095-00021763-00022017 the eyes of the people of the School of
yPfsZV17c_c-00096-00022018-00022169 Athens are sunken in using this
yPfsZV17c_c-00097-00022170-00022362 technique which causes the eyes to seem
yPfsZV17c_c-00098-00022363-00022647 deeper and more pensive Michelangelo
yPfsZV17c_c-00099-00022648-00022812 used this technique as part of his
yPfsZV17c_c-00100-00022813-00022992 trademark outlining of his central
yPfsZV17c_c-00101-00022993-00023277 figures within his frescoes in a
yPfsZV17c_c-00102-00023278-00023535 wall-sized fresco there may be 10 to 20
yPfsZV17c_c-00103-00023536-00023718 or even more Jorn eight or separate
yPfsZV17c_c-00104-00023719-00023988 areas of plaster after five centuries
yPfsZV17c_c-00105-00023989-00024197 the Jorn eight which were originally
yPfsZV17c_c-00106-00024198-00024405 nearly invisible have sometimes become
yPfsZV17c_c-00107-00024406-00024633 visible and in many large-scale frescoes
yPfsZV17c_c-00108-00024634-00024806 these divisions may be seen from the
yPfsZV17c_c-00109-00024807-00024878 ground
yPfsZV17c_c-00110-00024879-00025097 additionally the border between Jorn
yPfsZV17c_c-00111-00025098-00025284 eight was often covered by anna Seco
yPfsZV17c_c-00112-00025285-00025587 painting which has since fallen off one
yPfsZV17c_c-00113-00025588-00025733 of the first painters in the post
yPfsZV17c_c-00114-00025735-00025940 Classical period to use this technique
yPfsZV17c_c-00115-00025941-00026153 was the Isaac master or master of the
yPfsZV17c_c-00116-00026154-00026355 Isaac fresco and thus a name used to
yPfsZV17c_c-00117-00026356-00026514 refer to the unknown master of the
yPfsZV17c_c-00118-00026514-00026673 particular painting in the upper
yPfsZV17c_c-00119-00026674-00026880 Basilica of Saint Francis in Assisi
yPfsZV17c_c-00120-00026881-00027177 a person who creates fresco is called a
yPfsZV17c_c-00121-00027177-00027604 fresco West
yPfsZV17c_c-00122-00027605-00028145 topic other types of wall painting
yPfsZV17c_c-00123-00028147-00028433 a Seco or fresco Seco painting is done
yPfsZV17c_c-00124-00028435-00028731 on dry plaster Seco meaning dry in
yPfsZV17c_c-00125-00028732-00028964 Italian the pigments thus require a
yPfsZV17c_c-00126-00028966-00029241 binding medium such as egg tempera glue
yPfsZV17c_c-00127-00029242-00029448 or oil to attach the pigment to the wall
yPfsZV17c_c-00128-00029449-00029720 it is important to distinguish between a
yPfsZV17c_c-00129-00029722-00029952 Seco work done on top of one fresco
yPfsZV17c_c-00130-00029952-00030144 which according to most authorities was
yPfsZV17c_c-00131-00030145-00030306 in fact standard from the Middle Ages
yPfsZV17c_c-00132-00030307-00030561 onwards and work done entirely a Seco on
yPfsZV17c_c-00133-00030562-00030858 the blank wall generally one fresco
yPfsZV17c_c-00134-00030858-00031044 works are more durable than any a Seco
yPfsZV17c_c-00135-00031045-00031260 work added on top of them because a Seco
yPfsZV17c_c-00136-00031261-00031433 work lasts better with a roughing
yPfsZV17c_c-00137-00031435-00031641 plaster surface whilst true fresco
yPfsZV17c_c-00138-00031642-00031889 should have a smooth one the additional
yPfsZV17c_c-00139-00031891-00032049 a Seco work would be done to make
yPfsZV17c_c-00140-00032050-00032247 changes and sometimes to add small
yPfsZV17c_c-00141-00032248-00032483 details but also because not all colors
yPfsZV17c_c-00142-00032485-00032691 can be achieved in true fresco because
yPfsZV17c_c-00143-00032692-00032865 only some pigments were chemically in
yPfsZV17c_c-00144-00032866-00033057 the very alkaline environment of fresh
yPfsZV17c_c-00145-00033058-00033372 lime based plaster blue was a particular
yPfsZV17c_c-00146-00033373-00033588 problem and skies and blue robes were
yPfsZV17c_c-00147-00033589-00033777 often added a Seco because neither
yPfsZV17c_c-00148-00033778-00034050 azurite blue nor lapis lazuli the only
yPfsZV17c_c-00149-00034051-00034251 two blue pigments then available works
yPfsZV17c_c-00150-00034252-00034467 well in wet fresco it has also become
yPfsZV17c_c-00151-00034468-00034656 increasingly clear thanks to modern
yPfsZV17c_c-00152-00034657-00034860 analytical techniques that even in the
yPfsZV17c_c-00153-00034861-00035067 early Italian Renaissance painters quite
yPfsZV17c_c-00154-00035068-00035277 frequently employed a Seco technique so
yPfsZV17c_c-00155-00035278-00035442 as to allow the use of a broader range
yPfsZV17c_c-00156-00035443-00035745 of pigments in most early examples this
yPfsZV17c_c-00157-00035746-00035949 work has now entirely vanished but a
yPfsZV17c_c-00158-00035950-00036153 whole painting done a Seco on a surface
yPfsZV17c_c-00159-00036154-00036330 roughen to give a key for the paint may
yPfsZV17c_c-00160-00036331-00036537 survive very well although damp is more
yPfsZV17c_c-00161-00036538-00036755 threatening to it than to buon fresco a
yPfsZV17c_c-00162-00036756-00037032 third type called a mezzo fresco is
yPfsZV17c_c-00163-00037033-00037281 painted on nearly dry and Tony Co firm
yPfsZV17c_c-00164-00037282-00037485 enough not to take a thumbprint says the
yPfsZV17c_c-00165-00037486-00037821 16th century author Ignacio Pozzo so
yPfsZV17c_c-00166-00037822-00037965 that the pigment only penetrates
yPfsZV17c_c-00167-00037966-00038238 slightly into the plaster by the end of
yPfsZV17c_c-00168-00038239-00038427 the sixteenth century this had largely
yPfsZV17c_c-00169-00038428-00038658 displaced one fresco and was used by
yPfsZV17c_c-00170-00038659-00038886 painters such as Jim battista tiepolo or
yPfsZV17c_c-00171-00038887-00039153 Michelangelo this technique had in
yPfsZV17c_c-00172-00039154-00039375 reduced form the advantages of a Seco
yPfsZV17c_c-00173-00039376-00039690 work the three key advantages of work
yPfsZV17c_c-00174-00039691-00039876 done entirely a Seco were that it was
yPfsZV17c_c-00175-00039877-00040092 quicker mistakes could be corrected and
yPfsZV17c_c-00176-00040093-00040284 the colors varied less from when applied
yPfsZV17c_c-00177-00040285-00040548 to when fully dry in wet fresco there
yPfsZV17c_c-00178-00040549-00040830 was a considerable change for Holi a
yPfsZV17c_c-00179-00040831-00041043 Seco work the Antonio is laid with a
yPfsZV17c_c-00180-00041044-00041211 rougher finish allowed to dry completely
yPfsZV17c_c-00181-00041212-00041445 and then usually given a key by rubbing
yPfsZV17c_c-00182-00041446-00041527 with sand
yPfsZV17c_c-00183-00041528-00041749 the painter then perceives much as he
yPfsZV17c_c-00184-00041750-00042259 would on a canvas or wood panel
yPfsZV17c_c-00185-00042260-00042707 topic history
yPfsZV17c_c-00186-00042708-00043294 topic Egypt and ancient Near East
yPfsZV17c_c-00187-00043295-00043531 an old fresh go is the investiture of
yPfsZV17c_c-00188-00043532-00043735 Zimri Lim from Syria dating from the
yPfsZV17c_c-00189-00043736-00044068 early 18th century BC in contrast
yPfsZV17c_c-00190-00044069-00044302 ancient Egyptians painted many tombs and
yPfsZV17c_c-00191-00044303-00044488 houses but those wall paintings are not
yPfsZV17c_c-00192-00044489-00044915 frescoes
yPfsZV17c_c-00193-00044916-00045487 topic Aegean civilizations
yPfsZV17c_c-00194-00045488-00045715 the oldest frescoes done in the buon
yPfsZV17c_c-00195-00045716-00045911 fresco method date from the first half
yPfsZV17c_c-00196-00045912-00046136 of the second millennium BCE during the
yPfsZV17c_c-00197-00046137-00046307 Bronze Age and are to be found among
yPfsZV17c_c-00198-00046308-00046552 Aegean civilizations more precisely the
yPfsZV17c_c-00199-00046553-00046739 Minoan culture from the island of Crete
yPfsZV17c_c-00200-00046740-00047011 and other islands of the Aegean Sea the
yPfsZV17c_c-00201-00047012-00047189 most famous of these the toreador
yPfsZV17c_c-00202-00047190-00047398 depicts a sacred ceremony in which
yPfsZV17c_c-00203-00047399-00047611 individuals jump over the backs of large
yPfsZV17c_c-00204-00047612-00047887 bulls the oldest surviving Minoan
yPfsZV17c_c-00205-00047888-00048064 frescoes are found on the island of
yPfsZV17c_c-00206-00048065-00048262 Santorini classically known as Thera
yPfsZV17c_c-00207-00048263-00048601 dated to the NiO palatial period C 1640
yPfsZV17c_c-00208-00048602-00049001 to 1600 BC while some similar frescoes
yPfsZV17c_c-00209-00049002-00049145 have been found in other locations
yPfsZV17c_c-00210-00049146-00049324 around the Mediterranean Basin
yPfsZV17c_c-00211-00049325-00049561 particularly in Egypt and Morocco their
yPfsZV17c_c-00212-00049562-00049852 origins are subject to speculation some
yPfsZV17c_c-00213-00049853-00050048 art historians believe that fresco
yPfsZV17c_c-00214-00050049-00050239 artists from Crete may have been sent to
yPfsZV17c_c-00215-00050240-00050435 various locations as part of a trade
yPfsZV17c_c-00216-00050436-00050660 exchange a possibility which raises to
yPfsZV17c_c-00217-00050661-00050818 the fore the importance of this art form
yPfsZV17c_c-00218-00050819-00051121 within the Society of the times the most
yPfsZV17c_c-00219-00051122-00051355 common form of fresco was Egyptian wall
yPfsZV17c_c-00220-00051357-00051568 paintings in tombs usually using the
yPfsZV17c_c-00221-00051569-00052002 ASEC o technique
yPfsZV17c_c-00222-00052003-00052486 soppec classical antiquity
yPfsZV17c_c-00223-00052487-00052721 Fresco's were also painted in ancient
yPfsZV17c_c-00224-00052722-00052904 Greece but few of these works have
yPfsZV17c_c-00225-00052904-00053198 survived in southern Italy at paestum
yPfsZV17c_c-00226-00053199-00053387 which was a Greek colony of the Magna
yPfsZV17c_c-00227-00053388-00053435 Graecia
yPfsZV17c_c-00228-00053436-00053650 a tomb containing frescoes dating back
yPfsZV17c_c-00229-00053651-00053917 to 470 BC the so-called tomb of the
yPfsZV17c_c-00230-00053919-00054278 diver was discovered in June 1968 these
yPfsZV17c_c-00231-00054279-00054481 frescoes depicting zuv the life and
yPfsZV17c_c-00232-00054482-00054713 society of ancient Greece and constitute
yPfsZV17c_c-00233-00054714-00055010 valuable historical testimonials one
yPfsZV17c_c-00234-00055011-00055180 shows a group of men reclining at a
yPfsZV17c_c-00235-00055182-00055373 symposium while another shows a young
yPfsZV17c_c-00236-00055374-00055619 man diving into the sea Etruscan
yPfsZV17c_c-00237-00055620-00055891 frescoes dating from the 4th century BCE
yPfsZV17c_c-00238-00055892-00056087 have been found in the tomb of orcas
yPfsZV17c_c-00239-00056088-00056407 near vais Italy Roman wall paintings
yPfsZV17c_c-00240-00056408-00056605 such as those at the Magnificent villa
yPfsZV17c_c-00241-00056607-00056905 dei mystery 1st century BC in the ruins
yPfsZV17c_c-00242-00056907-00057088 of Pompeii and others at Herculaneum
yPfsZV17c_c-00243-00057089-00057461 were completed in buon fresco late Roman
yPfsZV17c_c-00244-00057462-00057751 Empire Christian first - 2 nd century
yPfsZV17c_c-00245-00057752-00057950 frescoes were found in catacombs beneath
yPfsZV17c_c-00246-00057951-00058199 Rome and Byzantine icons were also found
yPfsZV17c_c-00247-00058200-00058484 in Cyprus Crete Ephesus Cappadocia and
yPfsZV17c_c-00248-00058485-00058768 Antioch Roman frescoes were done by the
yPfsZV17c_c-00249-00058769-00058969 artist painting the artwork on the still
yPfsZV17c_c-00250-00058970-00059150 damp plaster of the wall so that the
yPfsZV17c_c-00251-00059151-00059332 painting is part of the wall actually
yPfsZV17c_c-00252-00059333-00059648 colored plaster also a historical
yPfsZV17c_c-00253-00059649-00059840 collection of ancient Christian frescoes
yPfsZV17c_c-00254-00059841-00060023 can be found in the churches of goreme
yPfsZV17c_c-00255-00060024-00060405 Turkey
yPfsZV17c_c-00256-00060407-00060794 topic India
yPfsZV17c_c-00257-00060795-00061029 thanks to large number of ancient
yPfsZV17c_c-00258-00061030-00061266 rock-cut cave temples valuable ancient
yPfsZV17c_c-00259-00061267-00061447 and early medieval Fresco's have been
yPfsZV17c_c-00260-00061448-00061648 preserved in more than 20 locations of
yPfsZV17c_c-00261-00061649-00061941 India the frescoes on the ceilings and
yPfsZV17c_c-00262-00061942-00062136 walls of the Ajanta caves were painted
yPfsZV17c_c-00263-00062137-00062524 between C 200 BC and 600 and are the
yPfsZV17c_c-00264-00062525-00062781 oldest known frescoes in India they
yPfsZV17c_c-00265-00062782-00062994 depict the Jataka tales that are stories
yPfsZV17c_c-00266-00062995-00063141 of the Buddha's life in former
yPfsZV17c_c-00267-00063142-00063424 existences as Bodhisattva the narrative
yPfsZV17c_c-00268-00063425-00063598 episodes are depicted one after another
yPfsZV17c_c-00269-00063599-00063876 although not in a linear order their
yPfsZV17c_c-00270-00063877-00064084 identification has been a core area of
yPfsZV17c_c-00271-00064085-00064279 research on the subject since the time
yPfsZV17c_c-00272-00064279-00064605 of the site's rediscovery in 1819 other
yPfsZV17c_c-00273-00064606-00064806 locations with valuable preserved
yPfsZV17c_c-00274-00064807-00065004 ancient and early medieval frescoes
yPfsZV17c_c-00275-00065005-00065286 include bog caves Ellora caves Satana
yPfsZV17c_c-00276-00065287-00065524 vassal our mama like cave bottome cave
yPfsZV17c_c-00277-00065525-00065805 temples and other locations frescoes
yPfsZV17c_c-00278-00065806-00065965 have been made in several techniques
yPfsZV17c_c-00279-00065966-00066265 including tempera technique the later
yPfsZV17c_c-00280-00066266-00066519 chola paintings were discovered in 1931
yPfsZV17c_c-00281-00066520-00066750 within the circum ambulatory passage of
yPfsZV17c_c-00282-00066751-00066949 the Braja des vara temple in india and
yPfsZV17c_c-00283-00066950-00067217 are the first chola specimens discovered
yPfsZV17c_c-00284-00067218-00067401 researchers have discovered the
yPfsZV17c_c-00285-00067402-00067587 technique used in these frescoes a
yPfsZV17c_c-00286-00067588-00067837 smooth batter of limestone mixture was
yPfsZV17c_c-00287-00067838-00068029 applied over the stones which took two
yPfsZV17c_c-00288-00068030-00068287 to three days to set within that short
yPfsZV17c_c-00289-00068288-00068473 span such large paintings were painted
yPfsZV17c_c-00290-00068474-00068824 with natural organic pigments during the
yPfsZV17c_c-00291-00068825-00069016 Nyak period the chola paintings were
yPfsZV17c_c-00292-00069017-00069271 painted over the chola frescoes lying
yPfsZV17c_c-00293-00069272-00069444 underneath have an ardent spirit of
yPfsZV17c_c-00294-00069445-00069675 Sevilla expressed in them they probably
yPfsZV17c_c-00295-00069676-00069888 synchronized with the completion of the
yPfsZV17c_c-00296-00069889-00070204 temple by raja raja cholan the great the
yPfsZV17c_c-00297-00070205-00070399 frescoes in dog repla hari style
yPfsZV17c_c-00298-00070400-00070597 paintings exist in their unique format
yPfsZV17c_c-00299-00070598-00070881 sheesh Mahal of Ramnagar 105 kilometers
yPfsZV17c_c-00300-00070882-00071124 from Jammu and 35 kilometers west of
yPfsZV17c_c-00301-00071125-00071371 Odom poor scenes from epics of
yPfsZV17c_c-00302-00071372-00071544 Mahabharata and Ramayana long with
yPfsZV17c_c-00303-00071545-00071724 portraits of local Lords formed the
yPfsZV17c_c-00304-00071725-00071906 subject matter of these wall paintings
yPfsZV17c_c-00305-00071907-00072241 rang Mahal of Chamba hamachi Pradesh is
yPfsZV17c_c-00306-00072242-00072466 another site of historic doggery fresco
yPfsZV17c_c-00307-00072467-00072661 with wall paintings depicting scenes of
yPfsZV17c_c-00308-00072662-00072813 draught each year heron and Radha
yPfsZV17c_c-00309-00072814-00073090 Krishna Lila this can be seen preserved
yPfsZV17c_c-00310-00073091-00073287 at National Museum at New Delhi in a
yPfsZV17c_c-00311-00073288-00073839 chamber called Champa rang Mahal
yPfsZV17c_c-00312-00073840-00074248 sri lanka
yPfsZV17c_c-00313-00074249-00074473 the cigarette Fresco's are found in
yPfsZV17c_c-00314-00074474-00074716 cigarette in sri lanka painted during
yPfsZV17c_c-00315-00074717-00074901 the reign of King Kashyap of the first
yPfsZV17c_c-00316-00074902-00075466 ruled 477 495 AD the generally accepted
yPfsZV17c_c-00317-00075467-00075619 view is that they are portrayals of
yPfsZV17c_c-00318-00075620-00075781 women of the royal court of the king
yPfsZV17c_c-00319-00075782-00075969 depicted as celestial nymphs showering
yPfsZV17c_c-00320-00075970-00076263 flowers upon the humans below they bear
yPfsZV17c_c-00321-00076264-00076453 some resemblance to the Gupta style of
yPfsZV17c_c-00322-00076454-00076644 painting found in the Ajanta caves in
yPfsZV17c_c-00323-00076645-00076897 India they are however far more
yPfsZV17c_c-00324-00076898-00077119 enlivened and colorful and uniquely Sri
yPfsZV17c_c-00325-00077120-00077356 Lankan in character they are the only
yPfsZV17c_c-00326-00077357-00077554 surviving secular art from antiquity
yPfsZV17c_c-00327-00077555-00077791 found in Sri Lanka today the painting
yPfsZV17c_c-00328-00077792-00077932 technique used on the cigarette
yPfsZV17c_c-00329-00077933-00078259 paintings as fresco lustrum it varies
yPfsZV17c_c-00330-00078260-00078430 slightly from the pure fresco technique
yPfsZV17c_c-00331-00078431-00078663 in that it also contains a mild binding
yPfsZV17c_c-00332-00078664-00078919 agent or glue this gives the painting
yPfsZV17c_c-00333-00078920-00079162 added durability as clearly demonstrated
yPfsZV17c_c-00334-00079163-00079309 by the fact that they have survived
yPfsZV17c_c-00335-00079310-00079630 exposed to the elements for over 1,500
yPfsZV17c_c-00336-00079631-00079810 years located in a small shelter
yPfsZV17c_c-00337-00079811-00080007 depression a hundred metres above ground
yPfsZV17c_c-00338-00080008-00080287 only 19 survived today ancient
yPfsZV17c_c-00339-00080288-00080469 references however refer to the
yPfsZV17c_c-00340-00080470-00080682 existence of as many as 500 of these
yPfsZV17c_c-00341-00080683-00081023 frescoes
yPfsZV17c_c-00342-00081024-00081526 topic Middle Ages
yPfsZV17c_c-00343-00081527-00081730 the late medieval period and the
yPfsZV17c_c-00344-00081731-00081925 Renaissance saw the most prominent use
yPfsZV17c_c-00345-00081926-00082162 of fresco particularly in Italy where
yPfsZV17c_c-00346-00082163-00082330 most churches and many government
yPfsZV17c_c-00347-00082331-00082486 buildings still feature fresco
yPfsZV17c_c-00348-00082487-00082753 decoration this change coincided with
yPfsZV17c_c-00349-00082754-00082939 the re-evaluation of murals in the
yPfsZV17c_c-00350-00082940-00083215 liturgy Romanesque churches in Catalonia
yPfsZV17c_c-00351-00083216-00083392 were richly painted in 12th and 13th
yPfsZV17c_c-00352-00083393-00083611 century with both decorative and
yPfsZV17c_c-00353-00083612-00083851 educational for the illiterate faithfuls
yPfsZV17c_c-00354-00083852-00084133 roles as can be seen in the mnac in
yPfsZV17c_c-00355-00084134-00084307 barcelona where has kept a large
yPfsZV17c_c-00356-00084308-00084540 collection of Catalan Romanesque art in
yPfsZV17c_c-00357-00084541-00084811 Denmark two church wall paintings are
yPfsZV17c_c-00358-00084812-00085003 count Malory ER were widely used in the
yPfsZV17c_c-00359-00085004-00085237 Middle Ages first Romanesque then gothic
yPfsZV17c_c-00360-00085238-00085453 and can be seen in some 600 Danish
yPfsZV17c_c-00361-00085454-00085645 churches as well as in churches in the
yPfsZV17c_c-00362-00085646-00085840 south of Sweden which was Danish at the
yPfsZV17c_c-00363-00085841-00086071 time one of the rare examples of Islamic
yPfsZV17c_c-00364-00086072-00086302 fresco painting can be seen in Qasr amra
yPfsZV17c_c-00365-00086303-00086497 the desert palace of the Umayyads in the
yPfsZV17c_c-00366-00086498-00086896 8th century Mageau des
yPfsZV17c_c-00367-00086897-00087424 topic early modern Europe
yPfsZV17c_c-00368-00087425-00087691 northern Romania historical region of
yPfsZV17c_c-00369-00087692-00087913 Moldavia boasts about a dozen painted
yPfsZV17c_c-00370-00087914-00088090 monasteries completely covered with
yPfsZV17c_c-00371-00088091-00088309 frescoes inside and out that date from
yPfsZV17c_c-00372-00088310-00088522 the last quarter of the 15th century to
yPfsZV17c_c-00373-00088523-00088728 the second quarter of the 16th century
yPfsZV17c_c-00374-00088729-00088993 the most remarkable are the monastic
yPfsZV17c_c-00375-00088994-00089185 foundations at voronet though our own
yPfsZV17c_c-00376-00089186-00089644 Nets 1487 our bure our beret 1503 humor
yPfsZV17c_c-00377-00089645-00089926 who more 15:30 and moldova de Mol do
yPfsZV17c_c-00378-00089927-00090421 BTSA 1532 su chavita su CH AV t sa
yPfsZV17c_c-00379-00090422-00090682 dating from 1600 represents a late
yPfsZV17c_c-00380-00090683-00090886 return to the style developed some 70
yPfsZV17c_c-00381-00090887-00091156 years earlier the tradition of painted
yPfsZV17c_c-00382-00091157-00091354 churches continued into the 19th century
yPfsZV17c_c-00383-00091355-00091597 in other parts of Romania although never
yPfsZV17c_c-00384-00091598-00091840 to the same extent Andrea Palladio the
yPfsZV17c_c-00385-00091841-00092065 famous Italian architect of the 16th
yPfsZV17c_c-00386-00092066-00092272 century built many mansions with plain
yPfsZV17c_c-00387-00092273-00092485 exteriors and stunning interiors filled
yPfsZV17c_c-00388-00092486-00092836 with frescoes Enric lemon servo produced
yPfsZV17c_c-00389-00092837-00093082 several frescoes including a 3 by 6
yPfsZV17c_c-00390-00093083-00093301 meter painting for the lice a demo where
yPfsZV17c_c-00391-00093302-00093559 he was once a student he directed the
yPfsZV17c_c-00392-00093560-00093766 Ecole de fresque satlak whole Nationale
yPfsZV17c_c-00393-00093767-00094024 a superior de bizarre and decorated the
yPfsZV17c_c-00394-00094025-00094273 Pavillon du tourisme at the 1937
yPfsZV17c_c-00395-00094274-00094534 Exposition Internationale des Arts at
yPfsZV17c_c-00396-00094535-00094768 technics dans la vie Moderne paris
yPfsZV17c_c-00397-00094769-00094996 pavillon de la ville de Paris now at
yPfsZV17c_c-00398-00094997-00095230 musee d'art moderne de la ville de Paris
yPfsZV17c_c-00399-00095231-00095602 in 1954 he realized a fresco for the
yPfsZV17c_c-00400-00095603-00095947 city / er do laboratoire de bat gosh he
yPfsZV17c_c-00401-00095948-00096187 also executed mural decorations for the
yPfsZV17c_c-00402-00096188-00096424 plan des anciens and cents to paris in
yPfsZV17c_c-00403-00096425-00096556 the musee carnavalet
yPfsZV17c_c-00404-00096557-00096789 the Fujita chapel in Ron's completed in
yPfsZV17c_c-00405-00096790-00097093 1966 is an example of modern frescoes
yPfsZV17c_c-00406-00097094-00097257 the interior being painted with
yPfsZV17c_c-00407-00097258-00097456 religious scenes by the school of Paris
yPfsZV17c_c-00408-00097457-00097849 painter sugahara Fujita in 1996 it was
yPfsZV17c_c-00409-00097850-00098050 designated an historic monument by the
yPfsZV17c_c-00410-00098051-00098466 French government
yPfsZV17c_c-00411-00098467-00098931 topic Mexican muralism
yPfsZV17c_c-00412-00098932-00099273 jose clemente orozco fernando leal david
yPfsZV17c_c-00413-00099274-00099507 Siqueiros and diego rivera the famous
yPfsZV17c_c-00414-00099508-00099693 Mexican artists renewed the art of
yPfsZV17c_c-00415-00099694-00099985 fresco painting in the 20th century the
yPfsZV17c_c-00416-00099986-00100236 Rose Co Siqueiros Rivera and his wife
yPfsZV17c_c-00417-00100237-00100437 Frida Kahlo contributed more to the
yPfsZV17c_c-00418-00100438-00100647 history of Mexican Fine Arts and to the
yPfsZV17c_c-00419-00100648-00100812 reputation of Mexican art in general
yPfsZV17c_c-00420-00100813-00101146 than anybody else together with works by
yPfsZV17c_c-00421-00101147-00101406 Orozco Siqueiros and others fernando
yPfsZV17c_c-00422-00101407-00101616 leal and Rivera's large wall works in
yPfsZV17c_c-00423-00101617-00101811 fresco established the art movement
yPfsZV17c_c-00424-00101812-00102251 known as Mexican muralism
yPfsZV17c_c-00425-00102252-00102898 topic selected examples of Fresco's
yPfsZV17c_c-00426-00102899-00103268 Italian early medieval castile Supriyo
yPfsZV17c_c-00427-00103269-00103533 Italian late medieval Quattrocento
yPfsZV17c_c-00428-00103534-00103895 panels including Joe Lorenzetti martini
yPfsZV17c_c-00429-00103896-00104120 and others in upper and lower basilica
yPfsZV17c_c-00430-00104121-00104314 of san francesco de si si
yPfsZV17c_c-00431-00104315-00104633 Giotto capella degli screw veiny arena
yPfsZV17c_c-00432-00104633-00105022 Chapel Padua camposanto pisa
yPfsZV17c_c-00433-00105023-00105334 masaccio brancacci chapel Santa Maria
yPfsZV17c_c-00434-00105335-00105416 del Carmen
yPfsZV17c_c-00435-00105417-00105779 Florence Ambrogio Lorenzetti Palazzo
yPfsZV17c_c-00436-00105780-00106148 publico Siena Pierrot della Francesca
yPfsZV17c_c-00437-00106149-00106456 chiesa di san francesco arezzo
yPfsZV17c_c-00438-00106457-00106715 Ghirlandaio capella torna bunny
yPfsZV17c_c-00439-00106716-00107039 Santa Maria Novella Florence the Last
yPfsZV17c_c-00440-00107040-00107270 Supper Leonardo da Vinci Milan
yPfsZV17c_c-00441-00107271-00107489 technically a tempura on plaster and
yPfsZV17c_c-00442-00107490-00107840 stone not a true fresco Sistine Chapel
yPfsZV17c_c-00443-00107841-00108053 wall series Botticelli Perugino
yPfsZV17c_c-00444-00108054-00108384 Rossellini Signorelli and Ghirlandaio
yPfsZV17c_c-00445-00108385-00108689 Lucas ignore le Chapel of San bricio
yPfsZV17c_c-00446-00108690-00109129 Duomo Orvieto Italian high Renaissance
yPfsZV17c_c-00447-00109130-00109426 Michelangelo's Sistine Chapel ceiling
yPfsZV17c_c-00448-00109427-00109829 Raphael's Vatican stanza Raphael's Villa
yPfsZV17c_c-00449-00109830-00110201 farness inna Giulio Romano's Palazzo del
yPfsZV17c_c-00450-00110202-00110332 Tay Mantua
yPfsZV17c_c-00451-00110333-00110690 Mantegna kamerad eglise possi palazzo de
yPfsZV17c_c-00452-00110691-00110996 calais Mantua the dome of the cathedral
yPfsZV17c_c-00453-00110997-00111268 santa maria del fiore of florence italy
yPfsZV17c_c-00454-00111269-00111538 the loves of the gods Annibale Carracci
yPfsZV17c_c-00455-00111539-00111908 palazzo farnese e allegory of divine
yPfsZV17c_c-00456-00111908-00112163 providence and Barberini power Pietro da
yPfsZV17c_c-00457-00112164-00112502 Cortona Palazzo Barberini ceilings
yPfsZV17c_c-00458-00112503-00112772 giovanni battista tiepolo new residence
yPfsZV17c_c-00459-00112773-00113021 wurtzburg royal palace madrid villa
yPfsZV17c_c-00460-00113022-00113081 pisani
yPfsZV17c_c-00461-00113082-00113303 straw and others wall scenes villa
yPfsZV17c_c-00462-00113304-00113666 valmarana and palazzo labia nave ceiling
yPfsZV17c_c-00463-00113667-00113959 andrea Pozo santak nausea roma serbian
yPfsZV17c_c-00464-00113960-00114321 medieval Vasuki de Conde
yPfsZV17c_c-00465-00114322-00114685 Kanaka monastery student a c'mon history
yPfsZV17c_c-00466-00114686-00114968 miles have a monastery Czech Republic
yPfsZV17c_c-00467-00114969-00115245 the dookle rotunda of the Virgin Mary
yPfsZV17c_c-00468-00115246-00115508 and Saint Catherine in Najma Mexico
yPfsZV17c_c-00469-00115508-00115746 fresco cycle of the miracles of the
yPfsZV17c_c-00470-00115747-00115995 Virgin of Guadalupe by fernando leal at
yPfsZV17c_c-00471-00115996-00116388 Basilica of Guadalupe Mexico City fresco
yPfsZV17c_c-00472-00116389-00116636 cycle of bolivars epic by fernando leal
yPfsZV17c_c-00473-00116638-00116936 at Colegio de san ildefonso mexico city
yPfsZV17c_c-00474-00116938-00117264 colombia santiago martinez delgado
yPfsZV17c_c-00475-00117265-00117498 fresco - mural in the colombian Congress
yPfsZV17c_c-00476-00117499-00117672 building and also in the Colombian
yPfsZV17c_c-00477-00117673-00118047 national building
yPfsZV17c_c-00478-00118048-00118654 topic conservation of frescoes
yPfsZV17c_c-00479-00118655-00118882 the climate and environment of Venice
yPfsZV17c_c-00480-00118883-00119089 has proved to be a problem for frescoes
yPfsZV17c_c-00481-00119090-00119272 and other works of art in the city for
yPfsZV17c_c-00482-00119273-00119521 centuries the city is built on a lagoon
yPfsZV17c_c-00483-00119522-00119776 in northern Italy the humidity and the
yPfsZV17c_c-00484-00119777-00119965 rise of water over the centuries have
yPfsZV17c_c-00485-00119966-00120166 created a phenomenon known as rising
yPfsZV17c_c-00486-00120167-00120481 damp as the lagoon water rises and seeps
yPfsZV17c_c-00487-00120482-00120660 into the foundation of a building the
yPfsZV17c_c-00488-00120661-00120841 water is absorbed and rises up through
yPfsZV17c_c-00489-00120842-00121021 the walls often causing damage to
yPfsZV17c_c-00490-00121022-00121297 frescoes Venetians have become quite
yPfsZV17c_c-00491-00121298-00121492 adept in the conservation methods of
yPfsZV17c_c-00492-00121493-00121708 frescoes the mould Aspergillus
yPfsZV17c_c-00493-00121708-00121908 versicolor can grow after flooding to
yPfsZV17c_c-00494-00121909-00122107 consume nutrients from frescoes the
yPfsZV17c_c-00495-00122108-00122272 following is the process that was used
yPfsZV17c_c-00496-00122273-00122488 when rescuing frescoes in La Fenice
yPfsZV17c_c-00497-00122489-00122695 a Venetian Opera House but the same
yPfsZV17c_c-00498-00122696-00122869 process can be used for similarly
yPfsZV17c_c-00499-00122870-00123193 damaged frescoes first a protection and
yPfsZV17c_c-00500-00123194-00123382 support bandage of cotton gauze and
yPfsZV17c_c-00501-00123383-00123684 polyvinyl alcohol is applied difficult
yPfsZV17c_c-00502-00123685-00123883 sections are removed with soft brushes
yPfsZV17c_c-00503-00123883-00124129 and localized vacuuming the other areas
yPfsZV17c_c-00504-00124130-00124297 that are easier to remove because they
yPfsZV17c_c-00505-00124298-00124474 had been damaged by less water are
yPfsZV17c_c-00506-00124475-00124657 removed with a paper pulp compress
yPfsZV17c_c-00507-00124658-00124864 saturated with bicarbonate of ammonia
yPfsZV17c_c-00508-00124865-00125065 solutions and removed with deionized
yPfsZV17c_c-00509-00125066-00125323 water these sections are strengthened
yPfsZV17c_c-00510-00125324-00125500 and reattached then cleansed with base
yPfsZV17c_c-00511-00125501-00125701 exchange resin compresses in the wall
yPfsZV17c_c-00512-00125702-00125881 and pictorial layer were strengthened
yPfsZV17c_c-00513-00125882-00126133 with barium hydrate the cracks and
yPfsZV17c_c-00514-00126133-00126309 detachments are stopped with lime putty
yPfsZV17c_c-00515-00126310-00126547 and injected with an epoxy resin loaded
yPfsZV17c_c-00516-00126548-00126973 with micronized silica
yPfsZV17c_c-00517-00126974-00127892 topic gallery frescoes
yPfsZV17c_c-00518-00127893-00128428 topic see also
yPfsZV17c_c-00519-00128429-00128817 Ajanta caves Gambier Perry process
yPfsZV17c_c-00520-00128818-00129256 churches of Moldavia haveli Church
yPfsZV17c_c-00521-00129257-00129589 frescoes in Denmark Church frescoes in
yPfsZV17c_c-00522-00129590-00129943 Sweden cigarette candy and arrow
yPfsZV17c_c-00523-00129944-00130306 frescoes
yPfsZV17c_c-00524-00130307-00130864 topic references
yPfsZV17c_c-00525-00130865-00131413 topic external links
yPfsZV17c_c-00526-00131414-00131695 Museum of ancient inventions Roman style
yPfsZV17c_c-00527-00131696-00132160 fresco Italy 58d cigarette frescoes the
yPfsZV17c_c-00528-00132161-00132406 Mary B wheeler collection university of
yPfsZV17c_c-00529-00132407-00132771 pennsylvania library fresco paintings
yPfsZV17c_c-00530-00132772-00133126 fresco techniques painting a fresco
yPfsZV17c_c-00531-00133127-00133402 lessons and examples one and seco fresco
yPfsZV17c_c-00532-00133403-00133945 by Donald a Jessica fresco school fresco
yPfsZV17c_c-00533-00133946-00134316 Academy high fresco the art of been long
yPfsZV17c_c-00534-00134317-00134611 the art of fresco recaptured by Steve
yPfsZV17c_c-00535-00134612-00135036 Bogdanov web gallery of art buon fresco
yPfsZV17c_c-00536-00135037-00135592 101 demonstration of fresco technique
yUueT5QXKNk-00000-00000000-00000202 why is it nowadays that writers think
yUueT5QXKNk-00001-00000204-00000394 comedy needs to be full of dick jokes
yUueT5QXKNk-00002-00000395-00000833 why does guy if this film was an animal
yUueT5QXKNk-00003-00000834-00001148 it would be at the bottom of the food
yUueT5QXKNk-00004-00001149-00001460 chain it's so stupid i thought i was
yUueT5QXKNk-00005-00001461-00001664 going to devolve into a monkey just
yUueT5QXKNk-00006-00001664-00001871 watching this this is a dumb movie
yUueT5QXKNk-00007-00001872-00002159 trying to be intelligent and funny at
yUueT5QXKNk-00008-00002160-00002564 the same time when really your disguise
yUueT5QXKNk-00009-00002565-00002776 is not fooling anyone it can try and
yUueT5QXKNk-00010-00002777-00002959 keep the film alive with all the latest
yUueT5QXKNk-00011-00002960-00003226 chart music as much as it wants but the
yUueT5QXKNk-00012-00003227-00003490 film is rather vile whilst carrying out
yUueT5QXKNk-00013-00003492-00003761 this supposed comedy the main joke of
yUueT5QXKNk-00014-00003761-00004022 the film which you would see far too
yUueT5QXKNk-00015-00004022-00004306 often and you see it in too many films
yUueT5QXKNk-00016-00004307-00004676 lately is that it's funny to watch fat
yUueT5QXKNk-00017-00004677-00005168 people for on their asses haha I don't
yUueT5QXKNk-00018-00005169-00005276 put enough for the edges friend
yUueT5QXKNk-00019-00005277-00005516 incredibly dumb say give me some
yUueT5QXKNk-00020-00005517-00005704 intelligent comedy every penny day you
yUueT5QXKNk-00021-00005705-00005966 know just just just a little bit you
yUueT5QXKNk-00022-00005967-00006236 know what happened when did this happen
yUueT5QXKNk-00023-00006237-00006631 when did we like go from small
yUueT5QXKNk-00024-00006631-00006950 intellectual observational comedy you
yUueT5QXKNk-00025-00006951-00007298 know to fat people falling on their
yUueT5QXKNk-00026-00007298-00007466 asses and dick jokes and it's probably
yUueT5QXKNk-00027-00007467-00007598 best you don't get me started on the
yUueT5QXKNk-00028-00007598-00007945 homophobic jokes I've never felt so sick
yUueT5QXKNk-00029-00007947-00008192 it's like that we meant to laugh at that
yUueT5QXKNk-00030-00008193-00008441 that's not funny you know I get it human
yUueT5QXKNk-00031-00008442-00008702 and jokes are subjective you know I
yUueT5QXKNk-00032-00008703-00008867 laugh at certain things that another
yUueT5QXKNk-00033-00008868-00009080 person wouldn't but you know in this
yUueT5QXKNk-00034-00009081-00009256 film I felt like they took it way too
yUueT5QXKNk-00035-00009257-00009533 far and what should have just been a
yUueT5QXKNk-00036-00009534-00009880 funny kind of you know gay joke or a
yUueT5QXKNk-00037-00009881-00010262 stroke you know or a sex joke gender Joe
yUueT5QXKNk-00038-00010263-00010571 just became you know homophobic racist
yUueT5QXKNk-00039-00010572-00010874 and sexist it's just like being no just
yUueT5QXKNk-00040-00010875-00011096 took it way too far people wait over
yUueT5QXKNk-00041-00011097-00011321 though i'll give it one thing it was
yUueT5QXKNk-00042-00011322-00011591 refreshing to see Kevin Hart refrain
yUueT5QXKNk-00043-00011592-00011903 from screaming like a banshee
yUScRDiK6GU-00000-00000070-00000329 Philadelphia often called Philly is the
yUScRDiK6GU-00001-00000330-00000518 largest city in the u.s. state and
yUScRDiK6GU-00002-00000519-00000682 Commonwealth of Pennsylvania and the
yUScRDiK6GU-00003-00000683-00000998 sixth most populous US city with a 2017
yUScRDiK6GU-00004-00000999-00001235 census estimated population of 1 million
yUScRDiK6GU-00005-00001236-00001406 five hundred eighty thousand eight
yUScRDiK6GU-00006-00001407-00001780 hundred sixty-three since 1854 the city
yUScRDiK6GU-00007-00001782-00001979 has been coterminous with Philadelphia
yUScRDiK6GU-00008-00001980-00002167 County the most populous county in
yUScRDiK6GU-00009-00002168-00002366 Pennsylvania in the urban core of the
yUScRDiK6GU-00010-00002367-00002522 eighth largest u.s. metropolitan
yUScRDiK6GU-00011-00002523-00002771 statistical area with over 6 million
yUScRDiK6GU-00012-00002772-00003125 residences of 2017 Philadelphia is also
yUScRDiK6GU-00013-00003126-00003368 the economic and cultural anchor of the
yUScRDiK6GU-00014-00003369-00003584 Greater Delaware Valley located along
yUScRDiK6GU-00015-00003585-00003770 the Lower Delaware and Schuylkill rivers
yUScRDiK6GU-00016-00003771-00004034 within the Northeast megalopolis the
yUScRDiK6GU-00017-00004035-00004250 Delaware Valley's population of 7.2
yUScRDiK6GU-00018-00004251-00004463 million ranks it as the eighth largest
yUScRDiK6GU-00019-00004464-00004715 combined Statistical Area in the United
yUScRDiK6GU-00020-00004716-00004931 States William Penn an English Quaker
yUScRDiK6GU-00021-00004932-00005213 founded the city in 1682 to serve as
yUScRDiK6GU-00022-00005214-00005443 capital of the Pennsylvania Colony
yUScRDiK6GU-00023-00005444-00005656 Philadelphia played an instrumental role
yUScRDiK6GU-00024-00005657-00005888 in the American Revolution as a meeting
yUScRDiK6GU-00025-00005889-00006061 place for the founding fathers of the
yUScRDiK6GU-00026-00006062-00006211 United States who signed the Declaration
yUScRDiK6GU-00027-00006212-00006569 of Independence in 1776 at the Second
yUScRDiK6GU-00028-00006570-00006713 Continental Congress and the
yUScRDiK6GU-00029-00006714-00006881 Constitution at the Philadelphia
yUScRDiK6GU-00030-00006881-00007231 Convention of 1787 several other key
yUScRDiK6GU-00031-00007233-00007414 events occurred in Philadelphia during
yUScRDiK6GU-00032-00007415-00007606 the Revolutionary War including the
yUScRDiK6GU-00033-00007608-00007771 First Continental Congress the
yUScRDiK6GU-00034-00007772-00007976 preservation of the Liberty Bell the
yUScRDiK6GU-00035-00007977-00008162 battle of Germantown and the siege of
yUScRDiK6GU-00036-00008163-00008441 Fort Mifflin Philadelphia was one of the
yUScRDiK6GU-00037-00008442-00008639 nation's capitals during the revolution
yUScRDiK6GU-00038-00008640-00008873 and served as temporary US Capitol while
yUScRDiK6GU-00039-00008874-00009113 Washington DC was under construction in
yUScRDiK6GU-00040-00009114-00009302 the nineteenth century
yUScRDiK6GU-00041-00009303-00009494 Philadelphia became a major industrial
yUScRDiK6GU-00042-00009495-00009796 center in a railroad hub the city grew
yUScRDiK6GU-00043-00009797-00010001 from an influx of European immigrants
yUScRDiK6GU-00044-00010002-00010228 most of whom came from Ireland Italy and
yUScRDiK6GU-00045-00010229-00010451 Germany the three largest reported
yUScRDiK6GU-00046-00010452-00010724 ancestry groups in the city as of 2015
yUScRDiK6GU-00047-00010725-00011042 in the early 20th century Philadelphia
yUScRDiK6GU-00048-00011043-00011212 became a prime destination for
yUScRDiK6GU-00049-00011213-00011378 african-americans during the great
yUScRDiK6GU-00050-00011379-00011588 migration after the Civil War as well as
yUScRDiK6GU-00051-00011589-00011831 Puerto Ricans the city's population
yUScRDiK6GU-00052-00011832-00012056 doubled from 1 million to 2 million
yUScRDiK6GU-00053-00012057-00012445 people between 1890 and 1950 the
yUScRDiK6GU-00054-00012446-00012670 Philadelphia area's many universities
yUScRDiK6GU-00055-00012671-00012851 and colleges make it a top study
yUScRDiK6GU-00056-00012852-00013072 destination as the city has evolved into
yUScRDiK6GU-00057-00013073-00013337 an educational and economic hub
yUScRDiK6GU-00058-00013338-00013480 according to the Bureau of Economic
yUScRDiK6GU-00059-00013481-00013738 Analysis the Philadelphia area had a
yUScRDiK6GU-00060-00013740-00014033 gross domestic product of 430 1 billion
yUScRDiK6GU-00061-00014034-00014266 dollars in 2016 the eighth largest
yUScRDiK6GU-00062-00014268-00014491 metropolitan economy in the United
yUScRDiK6GU-00063-00014493-00014774 States Philadelphia is the center of
yUScRDiK6GU-00064-00014775-00015016 economic activity in Pennsylvania and is
yUScRDiK6GU-00065-00015018-00015335 home to five Fortune 1000 companies the
yUScRDiK6GU-00066-00015336-00015560 Philadelphia skyline is expanding with a
yUScRDiK6GU-00067-00015561-00015881 market of almost 80 1,900 commercial
yUScRDiK6GU-00068-00015882-00016130 properties in 2016 including several
yUScRDiK6GU-00069-00016131-00016372 nationally prominent skyscrapers
yUScRDiK6GU-00070-00016372-00016625 Philadelphia has more outdoor sculptures
yUScRDiK6GU-00071-00016626-00016861 and murals than any other American city
yUScRDiK6GU-00072-00016862-00017090 Fairmount Park when combined with the
yUScRDiK6GU-00073-00017091-00017303 adjacent Wissahickon Valley Park in the
yUScRDiK6GU-00074-00017304-00017501 same watershed is one of the largest
yUScRDiK6GU-00075-00017502-00017696 contiguous urban park areas in the
yUScRDiK6GU-00076-00017697-00017966 United States the city is known for its
yUScRDiK6GU-00077-00017967-00018197 arts culture cuisine and colonial
yUScRDiK6GU-00078-00018198-00018464 history attracting 42 million domestic
yUScRDiK6GU-00079-00018465-00018773 tourists in 2016 who spent 6.8 billion
yUScRDiK6GU-00080-00018774-00019016 dollars generating an estimated eleven
yUScRDiK6GU-00081-00019017-00019247 billion dollars in total economic impact
yUScRDiK6GU-00082-00019248-00019403 in the city and surrounding four
yUScRDiK6GU-00083-00019404-00019676 counties of Pennsylvania Philadelphia
yUScRDiK6GU-00084-00019677-00019928 has also emerged as a biotechnology hub
yUScRDiK6GU-00085-00019929-00020135 Philadelphia is the birthplace of the
yUScRDiK6GU-00086-00020136-00020354 United States Marine Corps and is also
yUScRDiK6GU-00087-00020355-00020582 the home of many US firsts including the
yUScRDiK6GU-00088-00020583-00020861 first library 17:31 hospital
yUScRDiK6GU-00089-00020862-00021269 17:51 medical school 1765 national
yUScRDiK6GU-00090-00021270-00021733 capital 1774 Stock Exchange 1790 zoo
yUScRDiK6GU-00091-00021734-00022090 1874 and business school 1881
yUScRDiK6GU-00092-00022091-00022376 Philadelphia contains 67 national
yUScRDiK6GU-00093-00022377-00022544 historic landmarks and the world
yUScRDiK6GU-00094-00022545-00022823 heritage site of Independence Hall the
yUScRDiK6GU-00095-00022824-00022976 city became a member of the organization
yUScRDiK6GU-00096-00022977-00023306 of world heritage cities in 2015 as the
yUScRDiK6GU-00097-00023307-00023510 first world heritage city in the United
yUScRDiK6GU-00098-00023511-00023804 States although Philadelphia is rapidly
yUScRDiK6GU-00099-00023805-00024002 undergoing gentrification the city
yUScRDiK6GU-00100-00024003-00024239 actively maintains mitigation strategies
yUScRDiK6GU-00101-00024240-00024437 to minimize displacement of homeowners
yUScRDiK6GU-00102-00024438-00024874 in gentrifying neighborhoods
yUScRDiK6GU-00103-00024875-00025378 topic history
yUScRDiK6GU-00104-00025379-00025588 before Europeans arrived the
yUScRDiK6GU-00105-00025589-00025803 Philadelphia area was home to the Lenape
yUScRDiK6GU-00106-00025804-00026002 Delaware Indians in the village of Shaka
yUScRDiK6GU-00107-00026002-00026248 Maxon the Lenape are a Native American
yUScRDiK6GU-00108-00026249-00026499 tribe and First Nations band government
yUScRDiK6GU-00109-00026500-00026752 they are also called Delaware Indians
yUScRDiK6GU-00110-00026752-00026968 and their historical territory was along
yUScRDiK6GU-00111-00026969-00027174 the Delaware River watershed western
yUScRDiK6GU-00112-00027175-00027387 Long Island and the lower Hudson Valley
yUScRDiK6GU-00113-00027388-00027618 most Lenape were pushed out of their
yUScRDiK6GU-00114-00027619-00027802 Delaware homeland during the 18th
yUScRDiK6GU-00115-00027802-00028045 century by expanding European colonies
yUScRDiK6GU-00116-00028045-00028273 exacerbated by losses from intertribal
yUScRDiK6GU-00117-00028274-00028561 conflicts Lenape communities were
yUScRDiK6GU-00118-00028562-00028756 weakened by newly introduced diseases
yUScRDiK6GU-00119-00028757-00028989 mainly smallpox and violent conflict
yUScRDiK6GU-00120-00028991-00029220 with Europeans Iroquois people
yUScRDiK6GU-00121-00029222-00029490 occasionally fought the Lenape surviving
yUScRDiK6GU-00122-00029491-00029704 Lenape moved west into the upper Ohio
yUScRDiK6GU-00123-00029705-00029962 River Basin the American Revolutionary
yUScRDiK6GU-00124-00029963-00030165 War and United States independence
yUScRDiK6GU-00125-00030166-00030489 pushed them further west in the 1860s
yUScRDiK6GU-00126-00030491-00030696 the United States government sent most
yUScRDiK6GU-00127-00030697-00030901 Lenape remaining in the eastern United
yUScRDiK6GU-00128-00030902-00031060 States to the Indian Territory
yUScRDiK6GU-00129-00031061-00031231 present-day Oklahoma and surrounding
yUScRDiK6GU-00130-00031232-00031420 territory under the Indian Removal
yUScRDiK6GU-00131-00031420-00031807 policy in the 21st century most Lenape
yUScRDiK6GU-00132-00031808-00032017 reside in Oklahoma with some communities
yUScRDiK6GU-00133-00032018-00032308 living also in Wisconsin Ontario Canada
yUScRDiK6GU-00134-00032308-00032537 and in their traditional homelands
yUScRDiK6GU-00135-00032538-00032793 Europeans came to the Delaware Valley in
yUScRDiK6GU-00136-00032794-00033012 the early 17th century with the first
yUScRDiK6GU-00137-00033013-00033211 settlements founded by the Dutch who in
yUScRDiK6GU-00138-00033212-00033505 1623 built Fort Nassau on the Delaware
yUScRDiK6GU-00139-00033506-00033682 River opposite the Schuylkill River in
yUScRDiK6GU-00140-00033683-00033952 what is now Brooklyn New Jersey the
yUScRDiK6GU-00141-00033953-00034135 Dutch considered the entire Delaware
yUScRDiK6GU-00142-00034136-00034296 River Valley to be part of their New
yUScRDiK6GU-00143-00034297-00034645 Netherland colony in 1638 Swedish
yUScRDiK6GU-00144-00034646-00034812 settlers led by renegade Dutch
yUScRDiK6GU-00145-00034813-00035037 established the colony of New Sweden at
yUScRDiK6GU-00146-00035038-00035239 fort Cristina present-day Wilmington
yUScRDiK6GU-00147-00035240-00035439 Delaware and quickly spread out in the
yUScRDiK6GU-00148-00035440-00035821 valley in 1644 New Sweden supported the
yUScRDiK6GU-00149-00035822-00035956 Susquehannock s-- in their military
yUScRDiK6GU-00150-00035957-00036183 defeat of the English colony of Maryland
yUScRDiK6GU-00151-00036184-00036546 in 1648 the Dutch built Fort Bevers read
yUScRDiK6GU-00152-00036547-00036742 on the west bank of the Delaware south
yUScRDiK6GU-00153-00036743-00036886 of the Schuylkill near the present-day
yUScRDiK6GU-00154-00036887-00037096 eastwick neighborhood to reassert their
yUScRDiK6GU-00155-00037097-00037327 dominion over the area the swedes
yUScRDiK6GU-00156-00037328-00037573 responded by building fort NY a corps
yUScRDiK6GU-00157-00037574-00037789 show or new Corps show after a town in
yUScRDiK6GU-00158-00037790-00038161 finland with a swedish majority in 1655
yUScRDiK6GU-00159-00038162-00038395 a dutch military campaign led by New
yUScRDiK6GU-00160-00038396-00038560 Netherland director-general Peter
yUScRDiK6GU-00161-00038561-00038761 Stuyvesant took control of the Swedish
yUScRDiK6GU-00162-00038762-00038968 colony ending its claim to independence
yUScRDiK6GU-00163-00038969-00039217 the Swedish and Finnish settlers
yUScRDiK6GU-00164-00039218-00039346 continued to have their own militia
yUScRDiK6GU-00165-00039347-00039559 religion and court and to enjoy
yUScRDiK6GU-00166-00039560-00039850 substantial autonomy under the Dutch the
yUScRDiK6GU-00167-00039851-00040012 English conquered the New Netherland
yUScRDiK6GU-00168-00040013-00040321 colony in 1664 though the situation did
yUScRDiK6GU-00169-00040322-00040582 not change substantially until 1680 -
yUScRDiK6GU-00170-00040583-00040774 when the area was included in William
yUScRDiK6GU-00171-00040775-00041158 Penn's Charter for Pennsylvania in 1681
yUScRDiK6GU-00172-00041159-00041383 in partial repayment of a debt charles
yUScRDiK6GU-00173-00041384-00041611 ii of england granted pen a charter for
yUScRDiK6GU-00174-00041612-00041755 what would become the pennsylvania
yUScRDiK6GU-00175-00041756-00041817 colony
yUScRDiK6GU-00176-00041818-00042052 despite the Royal Charter Penn bought
yUScRDiK6GU-00177-00042053-00042243 the land from the local Lenape to be on
yUScRDiK6GU-00178-00042244-00042442 good terms with the Native Americans and
yUScRDiK6GU-00179-00042443-00042712 ensure peace for his colony Penn made a
yUScRDiK6GU-00180-00042713-00042907 treaty of friendship with Lenape chief
yUScRDiK6GU-00181-00042908-00043084 Tammany under an elm tree at Shechem
yUScRDiK6GU-00182-00043085-00043296 axon in what is now the city's Fishtown
yUScRDiK6GU-00183-00043297-00043540 neighborhood Penn named the city
yUScRDiK6GU-00184-00043541-00043704 Philadelphia which is Greek for
yUScRDiK6GU-00185-00043705-00044029 brotherly love derived from the ancient
yUScRDiK6GU-00186-00044030-00044281 greek terms Philo's Philo's beloved dear
yUScRDiK6GU-00187-00044282-00044452 and Adil foes Adil foes brother
yUScRDiK6GU-00188-00044453-00044727 brotherly as a Quaker Penn had
yUScRDiK6GU-00189-00044728-00044937 experienced religious persecution and
yUScRDiK6GU-00190-00044938-00045090 wanted his colony to be a place where
yUScRDiK6GU-00191-00045091-00045349 anyone could worship freely this
yUScRDiK6GU-00192-00045350-00045568 tolerance far more than afforded by most
yUScRDiK6GU-00193-00045569-00045777 other colonies led to better relations
yUScRDiK6GU-00194-00045778-00045940 with the local native tribes and
yUScRDiK6GU-00195-00045941-00046117 fostered Philadelphia's rapid growth
yUScRDiK6GU-00196-00046118-00046423 into America's most important city Penn
yUScRDiK6GU-00197-00046424-00046621 planned a city on the Delaware River to
yUScRDiK6GU-00198-00046622-00046815 serve as a port and place for government
yUScRDiK6GU-00199-00046816-00047058 hoping that Philadelphia would become
yUScRDiK6GU-00200-00047059-00047260 more like an English rural town instead
yUScRDiK6GU-00201-00047261-00047479 of a city Penn laid out roads on a grid
yUScRDiK6GU-00202-00047480-00047626 plan to keep houses and businesses
yUScRDiK6GU-00203-00047627-00047877 spread far apart with areas for gardens
yUScRDiK6GU-00204-00047878-00048160 and orchards the city's inhabitants did
yUScRDiK6GU-00205-00048161-00048385 not follow Penn's plans however as they
yUScRDiK6GU-00206-00048386-00048574 crowded by the Delaware River port and
yUScRDiK6GU-00207-00048575-00048880 subdivided and resold their Lots before
yUScRDiK6GU-00208-00048881-00049096 Penn left Philadelphia for the last time
yUScRDiK6GU-00209-00049097-00049287 he issued the charter of 1701
yUScRDiK6GU-00210-00049288-00049593 establishing it as a city though poor at
yUScRDiK6GU-00211-00049594-00049780 first the city became an important
yUScRDiK6GU-00212-00049781-00049962 trading center with tolerable living
yUScRDiK6GU-00213-00049963-00050283 conditions by the 1750s Benjamin
yUScRDiK6GU-00214-00050284-00050482 Franklin a leading citizen helped
yUScRDiK6GU-00215-00050483-00050692 improve city services and founded new
yUScRDiK6GU-00216-00050693-00050940 ones such as fire protection a library
yUScRDiK6GU-00217-00050941-00051145 and one of the American colonies first
yUScRDiK6GU-00218-00051146-00051424 hospitals a number of philosophical
yUScRDiK6GU-00219-00051425-00051637 societies were formed which were centers
yUScRDiK6GU-00220-00051638-00051811 of the city's intellectual life
yUScRDiK6GU-00221-00051812-00051985 the Philadelphia society for promoting
yUScRDiK6GU-00222-00051986-00052213 agriculture 1785
yUScRDiK6GU-00223-00052214-00052396 the Pennsylvania Society for the
yUScRDiK6GU-00224-00052397-00052579 encouragement of manufacturers in the
yUScRDiK6GU-00225-00052579-00052885 useful arts 1787 the Academy of Natural
yUScRDiK6GU-00226-00052886-00053199 Sciences 1812 and the Franklin Institute
yUScRDiK6GU-00227-00053200-00053548 1824 these societies developed and
yUScRDiK6GU-00228-00053549-00053752 financed new industries attracting
yUScRDiK6GU-00229-00053753-00053916 skilled and knowledgeable immigrants
yUScRDiK6GU-00230-00053917-00054009 from Europe
yUScRDiK6GU-00231-00054010-00054229 Philadelphia's importance and central
yUScRDiK6GU-00232-00054229-00054400 location in the colonies made it a
yUScRDiK6GU-00233-00054401-00054547 natural center for America's
yUScRDiK6GU-00234-00054548-00054828 revolutionaries by the 1750s
yUScRDiK6GU-00235-00054829-00055066 Philadelphia had surpassed Boston to
yUScRDiK6GU-00236-00055066-00055285 become the largest city and busiest port
yUScRDiK6GU-00237-00055286-00055462 in British America and second in the
yUScRDiK6GU-00238-00055463-00055729 British Empire after London the city
yUScRDiK6GU-00239-00055729-00055959 hosted the First Continental Congress
yUScRDiK6GU-00240-00055960-00056241 1774 before the Revolutionary War the
yUScRDiK6GU-00241-00056242-00056623 Second Continental Congress 1775 to 76
yUScRDiK6GU-00242-00056624-00056779 which signed the United States
yUScRDiK6GU-00243-00056779-00056979 Declaration of Independence during the
yUScRDiK6GU-00244-00056980-00057189 war and the Constitutional Convention
yUScRDiK6GU-00245-00057190-00057559 1787 after the war several battles were
yUScRDiK6GU-00246-00057560-00057772 fought in and near Philadelphia as well
yUScRDiK6GU-00247-00057773-00057976 Philadelphia served as the temporary
yUScRDiK6GU-00248-00057977-00058171 capital of the United States while the
yUScRDiK6GU-00249-00058172-00058366 new capital was under construction in
yUScRDiK6GU-00250-00058366-00058597 the District of Columbia from 1790 to
yUScRDiK6GU-00251-00058598-00059032 1800 in 1793 the largest yellow fever
yUScRDiK6GU-00252-00059033-00059233 epidemic in US history killed
yUScRDiK6GU-00253-00059234-00059524 approximately 4,000 to 5,000 people in
yUScRDiK6GU-00254-00059525-00059779 Philadelphia or about 10% of the city's
yUScRDiK6GU-00255-00059779-00059986 population the state capital was moved
yUScRDiK6GU-00256-00059987-00060295 to Lancaster in 1799 then Harrisburg in
yUScRDiK6GU-00257-00060296-00060516 1812 while the federal government was
yUScRDiK6GU-00258-00060517-00060784 moved to Washington DC in 1800 upon
yUScRDiK6GU-00259-00060785-00060964 completion of the White House and US
yUScRDiK6GU-00260-00060965-00061222 Capitol building the city remained the
yUScRDiK6GU-00261-00061223-00061402 young nation's largest until the late
yUScRDiK6GU-00262-00061403-00061663 18th century being both a financial and
yUScRDiK6GU-00263-00061664-00062002 a cultural center for America in 1816
yUScRDiK6GU-00264-00062003-00062227 the city's free black community founded
yUScRDiK6GU-00265-00062228-00062401 the African Methodist Episcopal Church
yUScRDiK6GU-00266-00062402-00062611 aim the first independent black
yUScRDiK6GU-00267-00062612-00062803 denomination in the country and the
yUScRDiK6GU-00268-00062804-00063079 first black Episcopal Church the free
yUScRDiK6GU-00269-00063079-00063291 black community also established many
yUScRDiK6GU-00270-00063292-00063475 schools for its children with the help
yUScRDiK6GU-00271-00063476-00063754 of Quakers New York City surpassed
yUScRDiK6GU-00272-00063754-00064047 Philadelphia in population by 1790
yUScRDiK6GU-00273-00064048-00064297 large-scale construction projects for
yUScRDiK6GU-00274-00064298-00064513 new roads canals and railroads made
yUScRDiK6GU-00275-00064514-00064741 Philadelphia the first major industrial
yUScRDiK6GU-00276-00064741-00065002 city in the United States throughout the
yUScRDiK6GU-00277-00065003-00065241 19th century Philadelphia hosted a
yUScRDiK6GU-00278-00065242-00065470 variety of industries and businesses the
yUScRDiK6GU-00279-00065471-00065647 largest being text
yUScRDiK6GU-00280-00065648-00065925 major corporations in the 19th and early
yUScRDiK6GU-00281-00065926-00066156 20th centuries included the Baldwin
yUScRDiK6GU-00282-00066157-00066268 locomotive works
yUScRDiK6GU-00283-00066269-00066454 William cramp and Sons shipbuilding
yUScRDiK6GU-00284-00066455-00066684 company and the Pennsylvania Railroad
yUScRDiK6GU-00285-00066685-00066946 industry along with the u.s. Centennial
yUScRDiK6GU-00286-00066947-00067206 was celebrated in 1876 with the
yUScRDiK6GU-00287-00067207-00067431 Centennial Exposition the first official
yUScRDiK6GU-00288-00067432-00067637 World's Fair in the United States
yUScRDiK6GU-00289-00067638-00067869 immigrants mostly from Ireland and
yUScRDiK6GU-00290-00067870-00068082 Germany settled in Philadelphia and the
yUScRDiK6GU-00291-00068083-00068337 surrounding districts these immigrants
yUScRDiK6GU-00292-00068338-00068526 were largely responsible for the first
yUScRDiK6GU-00293-00068527-00068809 general strike in North America in 1835
yUScRDiK6GU-00294-00068810-00069004 in which workers in the city won the
yUScRDiK6GU-00295-00069005-00069093 10-hour workday
yUScRDiK6GU-00296-00069094-00069391 the city was a destination for thousands
yUScRDiK6GU-00297-00069392-00069556 of Irish immigrants fleeing the Great
yUScRDiK6GU-00298-00069557-00069807 Famine in the 1840s housing for them was
yUScRDiK6GU-00299-00069808-00069981 developed south of South Street and
yUScRDiK6GU-00300-00069982-00070194 later occupied by succeeding immigrants
yUScRDiK6GU-00301-00070195-00070462 they established a network of Catholic
yUScRDiK6GU-00302-00070463-00070660 churches and schools and dominated the
yUScRDiK6GU-00303-00070661-00070968 Catholic clergy for decades ante Irish
yUScRDiK6GU-00304-00070969-00071206 anti-catholic nativist riots erupted in
yUScRDiK6GU-00305-00071207-00071538 Philadelphia in 1844 the rise in
yUScRDiK6GU-00306-00071539-00071737 population of the surrounding districts
yUScRDiK6GU-00307-00071738-00071943 helped lead to the act of consolidation
yUScRDiK6GU-00308-00071944-00072229 of 1854 which extended the city limits
yUScRDiK6GU-00309-00072230-00072475 from the two square miles 5.2 square
yUScRDiK6GU-00310-00072476-00072707 kilometers of Center City to the roughly
yUScRDiK6GU-00311-00072708-00073084 134 square miles 350 square kilometers
yUScRDiK6GU-00312-00073085-00073378 of Philadelphia County in the latter
yUScRDiK6GU-00313-00073379-00073561 half of the century immigrants from
yUScRDiK6GU-00314-00073562-00073773 Russia Eastern Europe and Italy and
yUScRDiK6GU-00315-00073774-00073975 african-americans from the southern u.s.
yUScRDiK6GU-00316-00073976-00074169 settled in the city philadelphia was
yUScRDiK6GU-00317-00074170-00074376 represented by the washington grays in
yUScRDiK6GU-00318-00074377-00074582 the american civil war the
yUScRDiK6GU-00319-00074583-00074763 african-american population of
yUScRDiK6GU-00320-00074764-00075200 Philadelphia increased from 30 1699 to
yUScRDiK6GU-00321-00075201-00075668 219,000 559 between 1880 and 1930
yUScRDiK6GU-00322-00075669-00075925 twentieth-century black newcomers were
yUScRDiK6GU-00323-00075926-00076099 part of the great migration out of the
yUScRDiK6GU-00324-00076100-00076230 rural south to northern and Midwestern
yUScRDiK6GU-00325-00076231-00076615 industrial cities by the 20th century
yUScRDiK6GU-00326-00076616-00076774 Philadelphia had an entrenched
yUScRDiK6GU-00327-00076775-00076968 Republican political machine and a
yUScRDiK6GU-00328-00076969-00077238 complacent population the first major
yUScRDiK6GU-00329-00077239-00077542 reform came in 1917 when outraged over
yUScRDiK6GU-00330-00077543-00077718 the election year murder of a police
yUScRDiK6GU-00331-00077719-00077907 officer led to the shrinking of the City
yUScRDiK6GU-00332-00077908-00078129 Council from two houses to just one in
yUScRDiK6GU-00333-00078130-00078487 July 1919 Philadelphia was one of more
yUScRDiK6GU-00334-00078488-00078754 than 36 industrial cities nationally to
yUScRDiK6GU-00335-00078755-00078934 suffer a race riot of ethnic White's
yUScRDiK6GU-00336-00078935-00079030 against Blacks
yUScRDiK6GU-00337-00079031-00079249 during red summer in post-world War one
yUScRDiK6GU-00338-00079250-00079462 unrest as recent immigrants competed
yUScRDiK6GU-00339-00079463-00079801 with blacks for jobs in the 1920s the
yUScRDiK6GU-00340-00079802-00079975 public flouting of prohibition laws
yUScRDiK6GU-00341-00079976-00080245 organized crime mob violence and police
yUScRDiK6GU-00342-00080246-00080470 involvement in illegal activities led to
yUScRDiK6GU-00343-00080471-00080707 the appointment of brick General Smedley
yUScRDiK6GU-00344-00080708-00080926 Butler of the US Marine Corps as
yUScRDiK6GU-00345-00080927-00081157 Director of Public Safety but political
yUScRDiK6GU-00346-00081158-00081373 pressure prevented any long-term success
yUScRDiK6GU-00347-00081374-00081649 in fighting crime and corruption in 1940
yUScRDiK6GU-00348-00081650-00081874 non-hispanic whites constituted eighty
yUScRDiK6GU-00349-00081875-00082060 six point eight percent of the city's
yUScRDiK6GU-00350-00082061-00082351 population the population peaked at more
yUScRDiK6GU-00351-00082352-00082606 than two million residents in 1950 then
yUScRDiK6GU-00352-00082607-00082782 began to decline with the restructuring
yUScRDiK6GU-00353-00082783-00082972 of industry which led to the loss of
yUScRDiK6GU-00354-00082973-00083263 many middle-class Union jobs in addition
yUScRDiK6GU-00355-00083264-00083500 suburbanization had enticed many of the
yUScRDiK6GU-00356-00083501-00083662 more affluent residents to outlying
yUScRDiK6GU-00357-00083663-00083839 railroad commuting towns in newer
yUScRDiK6GU-00358-00083840-00084097 housing the resulting reduction in
yUScRDiK6GU-00359-00084098-00084274 Philadelphia's tax base and the
yUScRDiK6GU-00360-00084275-00084487 resources of local government caused the
yUScRDiK6GU-00361-00084488-00084670 city to struggle through a long period
yUScRDiK6GU-00362-00084671-00084823 of adjustment with it approaching
yUScRDiK6GU-00363-00084824-00085035 bankruptcy by the late 1980s
yUScRDiK6GU-00364-00085036-00085249 revitalization and gentrification of
yUScRDiK6GU-00365-00085250-00085507 neighborhoods began in the late 1970s
yUScRDiK6GU-00366-00085508-00085756 and continues into the 21st century with
yUScRDiK6GU-00367-00085757-00085927 much of the development occurring in the
yUScRDiK6GU-00368-00085928-00086086 center city in University City
yUScRDiK6GU-00369-00086087-00086338 neighborhoods after many of the old
yUScRDiK6GU-00370-00086339-00086532 manufacturers and businesses left
yUScRDiK6GU-00371-00086533-00086731 Philadelphia are shut down the city
yUScRDiK6GU-00372-00086732-00086926 started attracting service businesses
yUScRDiK6GU-00373-00086927-00087085 and began to market itself more
yUScRDiK6GU-00374-00087086-00087330 aggressively as a tourist destination
yUScRDiK6GU-00375-00087331-00087520 contemporary glass and granite
yUScRDiK6GU-00376-00087521-00087727 skyscrapers were built in Center City
yUScRDiK6GU-00377-00087728-00088060 beginning in the 1980s historic areas
yUScRDiK6GU-00378-00088061-00088285 such as Old City and Society Hill were
yUScRDiK6GU-00379-00088286-00088482 renovated during the reformist mayoral
yUScRDiK6GU-00380-00088483-00088744 era of the 1950's through the 1980s
yUScRDiK6GU-00381-00088745-00088918 making those areas among the most
yUScRDiK6GU-00382-00088919-00089124 desirable neighborhoods in Center City
yUScRDiK6GU-00383-00089125-00089404 these developments have begun a reversal
yUScRDiK6GU-00384-00089405-00089581 of the city's population declined
yUScRDiK6GU-00385-00089582-00089851 between 1950 and 2000 during which it
yUScRDiK6GU-00386-00089852-00090048 lost about one-quarter of its residents
yUScRDiK6GU-00387-00090049-00090367 the city eventually began experiencing a
yUScRDiK6GU-00388-00090368-00090640 growth in its population in 2007 which
yUScRDiK6GU-00389-00090641-00090817 has continued with gradual yearly
yUScRDiK6GU-00390-00090818-00091235 increases to the present
yUScRDiK6GU-00391-00091236-00091761 topic geography
yUScRDiK6GU-00392-00091762-00092259 topic topography
yUScRDiK6GU-00393-00092260-00092529 the geographic center of Philadelphia is
yUScRDiK6GU-00394-00092530-00092784 located approximately at 40 degrees zero
yUScRDiK6GU-00395-00092785-00093107 minutes 34 seconds north latitude and 75
yUScRDiK6GU-00396-00093108-00093315 degrees 8 minutes 0 seconds west
yUScRDiK6GU-00397-00093316-00093662 longitude the 40th parallel north passes
yUScRDiK6GU-00398-00093663-00093800 through neighborhoods in Northeast
yUScRDiK6GU-00399-00093801-00094047 Philadelphia North Philadelphia and West
yUScRDiK6GU-00400-00094048-00094242 Philadelphia including Fairmount Park
yUScRDiK6GU-00401-00094243-00094686 the city encompasses 140 2.71 square
yUScRDiK6GU-00402-00094687-00095180 miles 369 point
yUScRDiK6GU-00403-00095181-00095448 one eight square miles three hundred
yUScRDiK6GU-00404-00095449-00095646 forty seven point five two square
yUScRDiK6GU-00405-00095647-00095949 kilometers is land and 8.53 square miles
yUScRDiK6GU-00406-00095950-00096162 twenty two point zero nine square
yUScRDiK6GU-00407-00096163-00096418 kilometers or six percent is water
yUScRDiK6GU-00408-00096419-00096672 natural bodies of water include the
yUScRDiK6GU-00409-00096673-00096840 Delaware and Schuylkill rivers the lakes
yUScRDiK6GU-00410-00096841-00097082 in Franklin Delano Roosevelt Park and
yUScRDiK6GU-00411-00097083-00097313 Cobbs Wissahickon and Penn impact creeks
yUScRDiK6GU-00412-00097314-00097629 the largest artificial body of water as
yUScRDiK6GU-00413-00097630-00097815 the East Park Reservoir in Fairmount
yUScRDiK6GU-00414-00097816-00098142 Park the lowest point is sea level while
yUScRDiK6GU-00415-00098143-00098304 the highest point is in Chestnut Hill
yUScRDiK6GU-00416-00098305-00098717 about 446 feet 136 meters above sea
yUScRDiK6GU-00417-00098718-00098904 level on Summit Street near the
yUScRDiK6GU-00418-00098905-00099113 intersection of Germantown Avenue and
yUScRDiK6GU-00419-00099114-00099344 Bethlehem Pike example coordinates near
yUScRDiK6GU-00420-00099345-00099563 High Point forty point zero seven eight
yUScRDiK6GU-00421-00099564-00099800 one five n seventy five point two zero
yUScRDiK6GU-00422-00099801-00100092 seven four seven W Philadelphia is
yUScRDiK6GU-00423-00100093-00100296 situated on the fall line that separates
yUScRDiK6GU-00424-00100297-00100457 the Atlantic coastal plain from the
yUScRDiK6GU-00425-00100458-00100694 Piedmont the rapids on the Schuylkill
yUScRDiK6GU-00426-00100695-00100899 River at East Falls were inundated by
yUScRDiK6GU-00427-00100900-00101049 the completion of the dam at the
yUScRDiK6GU-00428-00101050-00101247 Fairmount waterworks the city is the
yUScRDiK6GU-00429-00101248-00101507 seat of its own County the adjacent
yUScRDiK6GU-00430-00101508-00101697 counties are Montgomery to the northwest
yUScRDiK6GU-00431-00101698-00101855 Bucks to the north and northeast
yUScRDiK6GU-00432-00101856-00102096 Burlington County New Jersey to the east
yUScRDiK6GU-00433-00102097-00102291 Camden County New Jersey to the
yUScRDiK6GU-00434-00102292-00102461 southeast Gloucester County New Jersey
yUScRDiK6GU-00435-00102463-00102710 to the south and Delaware County to the
yUScRDiK6GU-00436-00102711-00103111 southwest
yUScRDiK6GU-00437-00103113-00103540 soppec cityscape
yUScRDiK6GU-00438-00103541-00104131 topic City Planning Philadelphia's
yUScRDiK6GU-00439-00104132-00104356 Central City was created in the 17th
yUScRDiK6GU-00440-00104357-00104557 century following the plan by William
yUScRDiK6GU-00441-00104558-00104863 Penn surveyor Thomas Home Center City is
yUScRDiK6GU-00442-00104864-00105036 structured with long straight streets
yUScRDiK6GU-00443-00105038-00105205 running nearly do east-west and
yUScRDiK6GU-00444-00105206-00105355 north-south forming a grid pattern
yUScRDiK6GU-00445-00105356-00105534 between the Delaware and Schuylkill
yUScRDiK6GU-00446-00105535-00105667 rivers that is aligned with their
yUScRDiK6GU-00447-00105668-00105936 courses the original city plan was
yUScRDiK6GU-00448-00105938-00106144 designed to allow for easy travel and to
yUScRDiK6GU-00449-00106145-00106372 keep residences separated by open space
yUScRDiK6GU-00450-00106373-00106516 that would help prevent the spread of
yUScRDiK6GU-00451-00106517-00106804 fire Penn planned the creation of five
yUScRDiK6GU-00452-00106805-00106983 public parks in the city which were
yUScRDiK6GU-00453-00106984-00107290 renamed in 1824 new names in parentheses
yUScRDiK6GU-00454-00107291-00107527 center square Penn Square Northeast
yUScRDiK6GU-00455-00107528-00107784 square Franklin Square southeast Square
yUScRDiK6GU-00456-00107785-00108013 Washington Square Southwest square
yUScRDiK6GU-00457-00108014-00108234 Rittenhouse Square and Northwest Square
yUScRDiK6GU-00458-00108235-00108561 Logan Circle Square Center City had an
yUScRDiK6GU-00459-00108563-00108715 estimated one hundred eighty-three
yUScRDiK6GU-00460-00108716-00108952 thousand two hundred forty residents as
yUScRDiK6GU-00461-00108953-00109174 of 2015 making it the second most
yUScRDiK6GU-00462-00109175-00109405 populated downtown area in the United
yUScRDiK6GU-00463-00109406-00109600 States after midtown Manhattan in New
yUScRDiK6GU-00464-00109601-00109686 York City
yUScRDiK6GU-00465-00109688-00109884 Philadelphia's neighborhoods are divided
yUScRDiK6GU-00466-00109885-00110152 into large sections north northeast
yUScRDiK6GU-00467-00110153-00110428 south southwest Philadelphia West and
yUScRDiK6GU-00468-00110429-00110685 Northwest surrounding Center City which
yUScRDiK6GU-00469-00110686-00110875 corresponds closely with the city's
yUScRDiK6GU-00470-00110876-00111241 limits before consolidation in 1854 each
yUScRDiK6GU-00471-00111242-00111442 of these large areas contains numerous
yUScRDiK6GU-00472-00111443-00111628 neighborhoods some of whose boundaries
yUScRDiK6GU-00473-00111629-00111847 derive from the boroughs townships and
yUScRDiK6GU-00474-00111848-00112030 other communities that constituted
yUScRDiK6GU-00475-00112031-00112189 Philadelphia County before their
yUScRDiK6GU-00476-00112190-00112363 inclusion within the city the City
yUScRDiK6GU-00477-00112364-00112564 Planning Commission tasked with guiding
yUScRDiK6GU-00478-00112565-00112758 growth and development of the city has
yUScRDiK6GU-00479-00112759-00112963 divided the city into 18 planning
yUScRDiK6GU-00480-00112964-00113131 districts as part of the Philadelphia
yUScRDiK6GU-00481-00113132-00113476 2035 physical development plan much of
yUScRDiK6GU-00482-00113477-00113685 the city's 1980 zoning code was
yUScRDiK6GU-00483-00113686-00113998 overhauled from 2007 to 2012 as part of
yUScRDiK6GU-00484-00113999-00114169 a joint effort between former mayors
yUScRDiK6GU-00485-00114170-00114442 John F Street and Michael Nutter the
yUScRDiK6GU-00486-00114443-00114628 zoning changes were intended to rectify
yUScRDiK6GU-00487-00114629-00114829 incorrect zoning maps in order to
yUScRDiK6GU-00488-00114830-00115030 facilitate future community development
yUScRDiK6GU-00489-00115031-00115236 as the city forecasts an additional
yUScRDiK6GU-00490-00115238-00115528 100,000 residents and 40,000 jobs will
yUScRDiK6GU-00491-00115529-00115870 be added by 2035 the Philadelphia
yUScRDiK6GU-00492-00115871-00116050 housing authority as the largest
yUScRDiK6GU-00493-00116051-00116308 landlord in Pennsylvania established in
yUScRDiK6GU-00494-00116308-00116554 1937 it is the nation's fourth largest
yUScRDiK6GU-00495-00116555-00116875 Housing Authority housing about 84,000
yUScRDiK6GU-00496-00116876-00116913 people
yUScRDiK6GU-00497-00116914-00117387 and employing 1,250 in 2013 its budget
yUScRDiK6GU-00498-00117388-00117636 was 371 million dollars
yUScRDiK6GU-00499-00117637-00117907 the Philadelphia Parking Authority works
yUScRDiK6GU-00500-00117908-00118089 to ensure adequate parking for City
yUScRDiK6GU-00501-00118090-00118616 residents businesses and visitors
yUScRDiK6GU-00502-00118617-00119208 topic architecture Philadelphia's
yUScRDiK6GU-00503-00119208-00119394 architectural history dates back to
yUScRDiK6GU-00504-00119395-00119627 colonial times and includes a wide range
yUScRDiK6GU-00505-00119628-00119903 of styles the earliest structures were
yUScRDiK6GU-00506-00119904-00120081 constructed with logs but brick
yUScRDiK6GU-00507-00120082-00120404 structures were common by 1700 during
yUScRDiK6GU-00508-00120405-00120611 the 18th century the cityscape was
yUScRDiK6GU-00509-00120612-00120758 dominated by Georgian architecture
yUScRDiK6GU-00510-00120758-00120950 including Independence Hall in
yUScRDiK6GU-00511-00120951-00121281 Christchurch in the first decades of the
yUScRDiK6GU-00512-00121282-00121497 19th century federal and Greek Revival
yUScRDiK6GU-00513-00121498-00121724 architecture were the dominant styles
yUScRDiK6GU-00514-00121725-00121956 produced by Philadelphia architects such
yUScRDiK6GU-00515-00121957-00122177 as Benjamin Latrobe William Strickland
yUScRDiK6GU-00516-00122178-00122373 John Havel and John not men
yUScRDiK6GU-00517-00122374-00122670 Thomas Walter and Samuel Sloane Frank
yUScRDiK6GU-00518-00122671-00122856 furnace is considered Philadelphia's
yUScRDiK6GU-00519-00122857-00123057 greatest architect of the second half of
yUScRDiK6GU-00520-00123058-00123341 the 19th century his contemporaries
yUScRDiK6GU-00521-00123342-00123587 included John MacArthur jr. Addison
yUScRDiK6GU-00522-00123588-00123783 Hutton Wilson Eyre the Wilson brothers
yUScRDiK6GU-00523-00123783-00124118 and Horace Trumbauer in 1871
yUScRDiK6GU-00524-00124119-00124328 construction began on the Second Empire
yUScRDiK6GU-00525-00124329-00124628 style Philadelphia City Hall the
yUScRDiK6GU-00526-00124629-00124835 Philadelphia Historical Commission was
yUScRDiK6GU-00527-00124836-00125123 created in 1955 to preserve the cultural
yUScRDiK6GU-00528-00125124-00125307 and architectural history of the city
yUScRDiK6GU-00529-00125308-00125516 the Commission maintains the
yUScRDiK6GU-00530-00125517-00125762 Philadelphia Register of Historic Places
yUScRDiK6GU-00531-00125763-00125954 adding historic buildings structures
yUScRDiK6GU-00532-00125955-00126215 sites objects and districts as it sees
yUScRDiK6GU-00533-00126216-00126386 fit in 1932
yUScRDiK6GU-00534-00126387-00126570 Philadelphia became home to the first
yUScRDiK6GU-00535-00126571-00126809 modern international style skyscraper in
yUScRDiK6GU-00536-00126810-00127049 the United States the PSFS building
yUScRDiK6GU-00537-00127050-00127233 designed by George Howe and William
yUScRDiK6GU-00538-00127233-00127743 Lachey's the 548 feet 167 meters City
yUScRDiK6GU-00539-00127744-00127928 Hall remained the tallest building in
yUScRDiK6GU-00540-00127929-00128183 the city until 1987 when one Liberty
yUScRDiK6GU-00541-00128184-00128483 Place was completed numerous glass and
yUScRDiK6GU-00542-00128484-00128690 granite skyscrapers were built in Center
yUScRDiK6GU-00543-00128691-00129089 City beginning in the late 1980s in 2007
yUScRDiK6GU-00544-00129090-00129311 the Comcast Center surpassed one Liberty
yUScRDiK6GU-00545-00129312-00129485 Place to become the city's tallest
yUScRDiK6GU-00546-00129486-00129795 building the Comcast Technology Center
yUScRDiK6GU-00547-00129796-00130047 was completed in 2018 reaching a height
yUScRDiK6GU-00548-00130048-00130518 of 1121 feet 342 meters as the tallest
yUScRDiK6GU-00549-00130519-00130715 building in the United States outside of
yUScRDiK6GU-00550-00130716-00130904 Manhattan and Chicago for much of
yUScRDiK6GU-00551-00130905-00131114 Philadelphia's history the typical home
yUScRDiK6GU-00552-00131115-00131382 has been the row house the row house was
yUScRDiK6GU-00553-00131383-00131568 introduced to the United States via
yUScRDiK6GU-00554-00131569-00131798 Philadelphia in the early 19th century
yUScRDiK6GU-00555-00131799-00131994 and for a time row houses built
yUScRDiK6GU-00556-00131995-00132135 elsewhere in the United States were
yUScRDiK6GU-00557-00132136-00132491 known as Philadelphia rose a variety of
yUScRDiK6GU-00558-00132492-00132681 row houses are found throughout the city
yUScRDiK6GU-00559-00132682-00132914 from federal-style continuous blocks in
yUScRDiK6GU-00560-00132915-00133149 Old City and Society Hill to Victorian
yUScRDiK6GU-00561-00133150-00133352 style homes in North Philadelphia to
yUScRDiK6GU-00562-00133353-00133556 twin row houses in West Philadelphia
yUScRDiK6GU-00563-00133557-00133770 while newer homes have been built
yUScRDiK6GU-00564-00133771-00133976 recently much of the housing dates to
yUScRDiK6GU-00565-00133977-00134247 the 18th 19th and early 20th centuries
yUScRDiK6GU-00566-00134248-00134475 which has created problems such as urban
yUScRDiK6GU-00567-00134476-00134753 decay and vacant lots some neighborhoods
yUScRDiK6GU-00568-00134754-00134982 including Northern Liberties and Society
yUScRDiK6GU-00569-00134983-00135140 Hill have been rehabilitated through
yUScRDiK6GU-00570-00135141-00135577 gentrification
yUScRDiK6GU-00571-00135578-00135986 topic climate
yUScRDiK6GU-00572-00135987-00136160 according to the köppen climate
yUScRDiK6GU-00573-00136161-00136409 classification Philadelphia falls under
yUScRDiK6GU-00574-00136410-00136574 the northern periphery of the humid
yUScRDiK6GU-00575-00136575-00136820 subtropical climate zone köppen CFA
yUScRDiK6GU-00576-00136821-00136997 whereas according to the true artha
yUScRDiK6GU-00577-00136998-00137198 climate classification the city has a
yUScRDiK6GU-00578-00137199-00137493 temperate maritime climate do summers
yUScRDiK6GU-00579-00137494-00137702 are typically hot and muggy fall and
yUScRDiK6GU-00580-00137703-00137903 spring are generally mild and winter is
yUScRDiK6GU-00581-00137904-00138188 moderately cold the plant life hardiness
yUScRDiK6GU-00582-00138189-00138455 zones are 7a and 7b representing an
yUScRDiK6GU-00583-00138456-00138608 average annual extreme minimum
yUScRDiK6GU-00584-00138609-00138803 temperature between zero degrees
yUScRDiK6GU-00585-00138804-00139082 Fahrenheit minus 18 degrees Celsius and
yUScRDiK6GU-00586-00139083-00139325 10 degrees Fahrenheit minus 12 degrees
yUScRDiK6GU-00587-00139326-00139577 Celsius snowfall is highly variable with
yUScRDiK6GU-00588-00139578-00139733 some winters having only light snow
yUScRDiK6GU-00589-00139734-00139928 while others include major snowstorms
yUScRDiK6GU-00590-00139929-00140222 the normal seasonal snowfall average is
yUScRDiK6GU-00591-00140223-00140459 twenty two point four in 57 centimeters
yUScRDiK6GU-00592-00140460-00140720 with rare snowfalls in November or April
yUScRDiK6GU-00593-00140721-00140947 and rarely any sustained snow cover
yUScRDiK6GU-00594-00140948-00141200 seasonal snowfall accumulation has
yUScRDiK6GU-00595-00141201-00141554 ranged from trace amounts in 1972-73 to
yUScRDiK6GU-00596-00141555-00141782 seventy eight point seven inches 200
yUScRDiK6GU-00597-00141783-00142124 centimeters in the winter of 2009-10 the
yUScRDiK6GU-00598-00142125-00142337 city's heaviest single storm snowfall
yUScRDiK6GU-00599-00142338-00142565 was thirty point seven in 78 centimeters
yUScRDiK6GU-00600-00142566-00142840 which occurred in January 1996
yUScRDiK6GU-00601-00142841-00143043 precipitation has generally spread
yUScRDiK6GU-00602-00143044-00143231 throughout the year with 8 to 11 wet
yUScRDiK6GU-00603-00143232-00143426 days per month at an average annual rate
yUScRDiK6GU-00604-00143427-00143870 of 41 5 inches 1050 millimetres but
yUScRDiK6GU-00605-00143871-00144128 historically ranging from 29 point three
yUScRDiK6GU-00606-00144129-00144545 one and 744 millimetres in 1922 to sixty
yUScRDiK6GU-00607-00144546-00144854 four point three three in 1634
yUScRDiK6GU-00608-00144855-00145148 millimetres in 2011 the most rain
yUScRDiK6GU-00609-00145149-00145427 recorded in one day occurred on July 28
yUScRDiK6GU-00610-00145428-00145853 2013 when 8.02 in 204 millimetres fell
yUScRDiK6GU-00611-00145854-00146101 at Philadelphia International Airport
yUScRDiK6GU-00612-00146102-00146318 Philadelphia has a moderately sunny
yUScRDiK6GU-00613-00146319-00146591 climate with an average of 2,500 hours
yUScRDiK6GU-00614-00146592-00146831 of sunshine annually and a percentage of
yUScRDiK6GU-00615-00146832-00147151 sunshine ranging from 47% in December to
yUScRDiK6GU-00616-00147152-00147515 61% in June July and August the January
yUScRDiK6GU-00617-00147516-00147788 daily average temperature as thirty 3.0
yUScRDiK6GU-00618-00147789-00148097 degrees Fahrenheit 0.6 degrees Celsius
yUScRDiK6GU-00619-00148098-00148293 though the temperature frequently rises
yUScRDiK6GU-00620-00148294-00148505 to 50 degrees Fahrenheit 10 degrees
yUScRDiK6GU-00621-00148506-00148727 Celsius during thaws and dips to 10
yUScRDiK6GU-00622-00148728-00148946 degrees Fahrenheit minus 12 degrees
yUScRDiK6GU-00623-00148947-00149153 Celsius for two or three nights in a
yUScRDiK6GU-00624-00149154-00149254 normal winter
yUScRDiK6GU-00625-00149255-00149551 July average is 78 point one degrees
yUScRDiK6GU-00626-00149552-00149857 Fahrenheit 25 point six degrees Celsius
yUScRDiK6GU-00627-00149858-00150040 although heat waves accompanied by high
yUScRDiK6GU-00628-00150041-00150256 humidity and heat indices are frequent
yUScRDiK6GU-00629-00150257-00150445 with highs reaching or exceeding 90
yUScRDiK6GU-00630-00150446-00150715 degrees Fahrenheit 32 degrees Celsius on
yUScRDiK6GU-00631-00150716-00151033 27 days of the year the average window
yUScRDiK6GU-00632-00151034-00151264 for freezing temperatures as November 6
yUScRDiK6GU-00633-00151265-00151456 through April 2nd allowing a growing
yUScRDiK6GU-00634-00151457-00151846 season of 217 days early fall in late
yUScRDiK6GU-00635-00151847-00152053 winter are generally dry with February
yUScRDiK6GU-00636-00152054-00152221 having the lowest average precipitation
yUScRDiK6GU-00637-00152222-00152440 at 2.6 4 inches
yUScRDiK6GU-00638-00152441-00152728 67 millimetres the dew point in the
yUScRDiK6GU-00639-00152729-00152986 summer averages between 59 point one
yUScRDiK6GU-00640-00152987-00153175 degrees Fahrenheit 15 degrees Celsius
yUScRDiK6GU-00641-00153176-00153535 and 64 point five degrees Fahrenheit 18
yUScRDiK6GU-00642-00153536-00153751 degrees Celsius the highest recorded
yUScRDiK6GU-00643-00153752-00154021 temperature was 106 degrees Fahrenheit
yUScRDiK6GU-00644-00154022-00154372 41 degrees Celsius on August 7th 1918
yUScRDiK6GU-00645-00154373-00154579 but temperatures that are above 100
yUScRDiK6GU-00646-00154580-00154765 degrees Fahrenheit 38 degrees Celsius
yUScRDiK6GU-00647-00154766-00155095 are not common the lowest officially
yUScRDiK6GU-00648-00155096-00155305 recorded temperature was minus 11
yUScRDiK6GU-00649-00155306-00155545 degrees Fahrenheit minus 24 degrees
yUScRDiK6GU-00650-00155546-00155865 Celsius on February 9th 1934
yUScRDiK6GU-00651-00155866-00156079 temperatures at or below zero degrees
yUScRDiK6GU-00652-00156080-00156373 Fahrenheit minus 18 degrees Celsius are
yUScRDiK6GU-00653-00156374-00156559 rare with the last such occurrence being
yUScRDiK6GU-00654-00156560-00156973 January 19 1994 the record low maximum
yUScRDiK6GU-00655-00156974-00157267 as 5 degrees Fahrenheit minus 15 degrees
yUScRDiK6GU-00656-00157268-00157585 Celsius on February 10th 1899 in
yUScRDiK6GU-00657-00157586-00157858 December 30th 1880 while the record high
yUScRDiK6GU-00658-00157859-00158119 minimum as 83 degrees Fahrenheit 28
yUScRDiK6GU-00659-00158120-00158443 degrees Celsius on July 23rd 2011 in
yUScRDiK6GU-00660-00158444-00158870 July 24 2010
yUScRDiK6GU-00661-00158871-00159364 topic air-quality
yUScRDiK6GU-00662-00159365-00159606 Philadelphia County received an ozone
yUScRDiK6GU-00663-00159607-00159839 grade of F and a 24-hour particle
yUScRDiK6GU-00664-00159840-00160052 pollution rating of D in the American
yUScRDiK6GU-00665-00160053-00160326 Lung Association's 2017 state of the air
yUScRDiK6GU-00666-00160327-00160608 report which analyzed data from 2013 to
yUScRDiK6GU-00667-00160609-00160950 15 the city was ranked 22nd for ozone
yUScRDiK6GU-00668-00160951-00161153 20th for short-term particle pollution
yUScRDiK6GU-00669-00161154-00161435 and 11 for year-round particle pollution
yUScRDiK6GU-00670-00161436-00161670 according to the same report the city
yUScRDiK6GU-00671-00161671-00161883 experienced a significant reduction in
yUScRDiK6GU-00672-00161884-00162186 high ozone days since 2001 from nearly
yUScRDiK6GU-00673-00162187-00162474 50 days per year to fewer than 10 along
yUScRDiK6GU-00674-00162475-00162645 with fewer days of high particle
yUScRDiK6GU-00675-00162646-00162936 pollution since 2000 from about 19 days
yUScRDiK6GU-00676-00162937-00163149 per year to about three and an
yUScRDiK6GU-00677-00163150-00163379 approximate 30% reduction in annual
yUScRDiK6GU-00678-00163380-00163620 levels of particle pollution since 2000
yUScRDiK6GU-00679-00163621-00163860 five of the ten largest combined
yUScRDiK6GU-00680-00163861-00164100 statistical areas CSAs were ranked
yUScRDiK6GU-00681-00164101-00164358 higher for ozone Los Angeles first New
yUScRDiK6GU-00682-00164359-00164697 York City nine Houston 12 Dallas 13th
yUScRDiK6GU-00683-00164698-00165060 and San Jose 18th many smaller CSA's
yUScRDiK6GU-00684-00165061-00165234 were also ranked higher for ozone
yUScRDiK6GU-00685-00165235-00165527 including Sacramento 8 Las Vegas ten
yUScRDiK6GU-00686-00165528-00165831 Denver eleventh El Paso sixteenth in
yUScRDiK6GU-00687-00165832-00166115 Salt Lake City 20th however only two of
yUScRDiK6GU-00688-00166116-00166425 those same ten CSA's San Jose and Los
yUScRDiK6GU-00689-00166426-00166599 Angeles were ranked higher than
yUScRDiK6GU-00690-00166600-00166802 Philadelphia for both year-round and
yUScRDiK6GU-00691-00166803-00167252 short-term particle pollution
yUScRDiK6GU-00692-00167253-00167790 topic demographics
yUScRDiK6GU-00693-00167791-00168069 according to the 2017 United States
yUScRDiK6GU-00694-00168070-00168258 Census Bureau estimate there were 1
yUScRDiK6GU-00695-00168259-00168450 million five hundred eighty thousand
yUScRDiK6GU-00696-00168451-00168615 eight hundred sixty-three people
yUScRDiK6GU-00697-00168616-00168837 residing in Philadelphia representing a
yUScRDiK6GU-00698-00168838-00169098 3.6 percent increase from the 2010
yUScRDiK6GU-00699-00169099-00169437 census after the 1950 census when a
yUScRDiK6GU-00700-00169438-00169650 record high of two million seventy one
yUScRDiK6GU-00701-00169651-00169869 thousand six hundred five was recorded
yUScRDiK6GU-00702-00169870-00170064 the city's population began a long
yUScRDiK6GU-00703-00170065-00170328 decline the population dropped to a low
yUScRDiK6GU-00704-00170329-00170532 of 1 million four hundred eighty eight
yUScRDiK6GU-00705-00170533-00170757 thousand seven hundred ten residents in
yUScRDiK6GU-00706-00170758-00171011 2006 before beginning to rise again
yUScRDiK6GU-00707-00171012-00171527 between 2006 and 2017 Philadelphia added
yUScRDiK6GU-00708-00171528-00171957 92153 residents in 2015 the Census
yUScRDiK6GU-00709-00171958-00172119 Bureau estimated that the racial
yUScRDiK6GU-00710-00172120-00172338 composition of the city was forty one
yUScRDiK6GU-00711-00172339-00172557 point five percent black non-hispanic
yUScRDiK6GU-00712-00172558-00172749 thirty five point eight percent white
yUScRDiK6GU-00713-00172750-00172974 non-hispanic thirteen point four percent
yUScRDiK6GU-00714-00172975-00173220 Hispanic or Latino six point eight
yUScRDiK6GU-00715-00173221-00173600 percent Asian 0.2% Native Americans
yUScRDiK6GU-00716-00173601-00173948 0.03% pacific islanders and 2.0 percent
yUScRDiK6GU-00717-00173949-00174348 multiracial asterisk 2015 figures are
yUScRDiK6GU-00718-00174349-00174651 estimates the 2010 census redistricting
yUScRDiK6GU-00719-00174652-00174918 data indicated that the racial makeup of
yUScRDiK6GU-00720-00174919-00175101 the city was six hundred forty four
yUScRDiK6GU-00721-00175102-00175314 thousand two hundred eighty seven forty
yUScRDiK6GU-00722-00175315-00175595 two point two percent black non-hispanic
yUScRDiK6GU-00723-00175596-00175845 562 thousand five hundred eighty five
yUScRDiK6GU-00724-00175846-00176052 thirty six point nine percent white
yUScRDiK6GU-00725-00176053-00176292 non-hispanic ninety six thousand four
yUScRDiK6GU-00726-00176293-00176472 hundred five six point three percent
yUScRDiK6GU-00727-00176473-00176799 Asian 2.0 percent Chinese one point two
yUScRDiK6GU-00728-00176800-00177219 percent Indian 0.9% Vietnamese 0.4%
yUScRDiK6GU-00729-00177220-00177774 Korean zero 3% Filipino 0.1% Japanese
yUScRDiK6GU-00730-00177775-00177999 and one point four percent other six
yUScRDiK6GU-00731-00178000-00178278 thousand nine hundred ninety six 0.5%
yUScRDiK6GU-00732-00178279-00178773 Native Americans 744 0.05% pacific
yUScRDiK6GU-00733-00178774-00179004 islanders and forty three thousand
yUScRDiK6GU-00734-00179005-00179214 seventy two point eight percent from two
yUScRDiK6GU-00735-00179215-00179547 or more races Hispanic or Latino of any
yUScRDiK6GU-00736-00179548-00179727 race were one hundred eighty seven
yUScRDiK6GU-00737-00179728-00179934 thousand six hundred eleven persons
yUScRDiK6GU-00738-00179935-00180201 twelve point three percent 8.0 percent
yUScRDiK6GU-00739-00180202-00180456 of Philadelphia is Puerto Rican 1.0%
yUScRDiK6GU-00740-00180457-00180900 Mexican 0.3% Cuban and 3.0 percent other
yUScRDiK6GU-00741-00180901-00181202 the racial breakdown of Philadelphia
yUScRDiK6GU-00742-00181203-00181535 hispanic/latino population was sixty
yUScRDiK6GU-00743-00181536-00181815 3636 33.9%
yUScRDiK6GU-00744-00181816-00182544 white 17550 29.4% black 3498 1.9 percent
yUScRDiK6GU-00745-00182545-00183273 Native American 884 0.47% Asian 287 0.15
yUScRDiK6GU-00746-00183274-00183495 percent Pacific Islander eighty-six
yUScRDiK6GU-00747-00183496-00183687 thousand six hundred twenty-six
yUScRDiK6GU-00748-00183688-00183882 forty six point two percent from other
yUScRDiK6GU-00749-00183883-00184092 races and fifteen thousand one hundred
yUScRDiK6GU-00750-00184093-00184257 twenty eight eight point one percent
yUScRDiK6GU-00751-00184258-00184440 from two or more races
yUScRDiK6GU-00752-00184441-00184719 the five largest European ancestries
yUScRDiK6GU-00753-00184720-00184971 reported in the 2010 census included
yUScRDiK6GU-00754-00184972-00185220 Irish thirteen point Oh percent Italian
yUScRDiK6GU-00755-00185221-00185352 eight point three percent
yUScRDiK6GU-00756-00185353-00185622 German 8.2 percent Polish three point
yUScRDiK6GU-00757-00185623-00185847 nine percent in English three point one
yUScRDiK6GU-00758-00185848-00186045 percent the estimated average population
yUScRDiK6GU-00759-00186046-00186285 density was eleven thousand seven
yUScRDiK6GU-00760-00186286-00186459 hundred eighty two people per square
yUScRDiK6GU-00761-00186460-00186660 mile four thousand five hundred forty
yUScRDiK6GU-00762-00186661-00186974 nine per square kilometers in 2017 in
yUScRDiK6GU-00763-00186975-00187287 2010 the Census Bureau reported that 1
yUScRDiK6GU-00764-00187288-00187461 million four hundred sixty eight
yUScRDiK6GU-00765-00187462-00187665 thousand six hundred twenty three people
yUScRDiK6GU-00766-00187666-00187869 ninety six point two percent of the
yUScRDiK6GU-00767-00187870-00188004 population lived in households
yUScRDiK6GU-00768-00188005-00188214 thirty-eight thousand seven two point
yUScRDiK6GU-00769-00188215-00188361 five percent lived in
yUScRDiK6GU-00770-00188362-00188592 non-institutionalized group quarters and
yUScRDiK6GU-00771-00188593-00188784 nineteen thousand three hundred seventy
yUScRDiK6GU-00772-00188785-00188976 six one point three percent were
yUScRDiK6GU-00773-00188977-00189315 institutionalized in 2013 the city
yUScRDiK6GU-00774-00189316-00189519 reported having six hundred sixty-eight
yUScRDiK6GU-00775-00189520-00189735 thousand two hundred forty seven total
yUScRDiK6GU-00776-00189736-00189966 housing units down slightly from six
yUScRDiK6GU-00777-00189967-00190125 hundred seventy thousand one hundred
yUScRDiK6GU-00778-00190126-00190482 seventy one housing units in 2010 as of
yUScRDiK6GU-00779-00190483-00190563 2013
yUScRDiK6GU-00780-00190564-00190752 eighty seven percent of housing units
yUScRDiK6GU-00781-00190753-00190941 were occupied while thirteen percent
yUScRDiK6GU-00782-00190942-00191187 were vacant a slight change from 2010
yUScRDiK6GU-00783-00191188-00191397 where eighty nine point five percent of
yUScRDiK6GU-00784-00191398-00191598 units were occupied or five hundred
yUScRDiK6GU-00785-00191599-00191754 ninety nine thousand seven hundred
yUScRDiK6GU-00786-00191755-00191955 thirty six and ten point five percent
yUScRDiK6GU-00787-00191956-00192165 were vacant or seventy thousand four
yUScRDiK6GU-00788-00192166-00192393 hundred thirty five of the city's
yUScRDiK6GU-00789-00192394-00192651 residents 32 percent reported having no
yUScRDiK6GU-00790-00192652-00192840 vehicles available while twenty three
yUScRDiK6GU-00791-00192841-00192996 percent had two or more vehicles
yUScRDiK6GU-00792-00192997-00193365 available as of 2013 in 2010 twenty four
yUScRDiK6GU-00793-00193366-00193542 point nine percent of households
yUScRDiK6GU-00794-00193543-00193707 reported having children under the age
yUScRDiK6GU-00795-00193708-00193905 of 18 living with them twenty eight
yUScRDiK6GU-00796-00193906-00194085 point three percent were married couples
yUScRDiK6GU-00797-00194086-00194292 living together and twenty two point
yUScRDiK6GU-00798-00194293-00194460 five percent had a female householder
yUScRDiK6GU-00799-00194461-00194556 with no
yUScRDiK6GU-00800-00194557-00194805 has been present 6.0% had a male
yUScRDiK6GU-00801-00194806-00195002 householder with no wife present and
yUScRDiK6GU-00802-00195003-00195246 43.2% were non-families
yUScRDiK6GU-00803-00195247-00195519 the city reported thirty four point one
yUScRDiK6GU-00804-00195520-00195696 percent of all households were made up
yUScRDiK6GU-00805-00195697-00196014 of individuals while 10.5% had someone
yUScRDiK6GU-00806-00196015-00196266 living alone who was 65 years of age or
yUScRDiK6GU-00807-00196267-00196575 older the average household size was two
yUScRDiK6GU-00808-00196576-00196755 point four five and the average family
yUScRDiK6GU-00809-00196756-00197127 size was three point two zero in 2013
yUScRDiK6GU-00810-00197128-00197322 the percentage of women who gave birth
yUScRDiK6GU-00811-00197323-00197481 in the previous twelve months who were
yUScRDiK6GU-00812-00197482-00197745 unmarried was 56 percent of
yUScRDiK6GU-00813-00197746-00197958 Philadelphia's adults thirty-one percent
yUScRDiK6GU-00814-00197959-00198141 were married or lived as a couple
yUScRDiK6GU-00815-00198142-00198363 fifty-five percent were not married 11
yUScRDiK6GU-00816-00198364-00198570 percent were divorced or separated and
yUScRDiK6GU-00817-00198571-00198759 three percent were widowed according to
yUScRDiK6GU-00818-00198760-00198960 the Census Bureau the median household
yUScRDiK6GU-00819-00198961-00199248 income in 2013 was thirty six thousand
yUScRDiK6GU-00820-00199249-00199431 eight hundred thirty-six dollars down
yUScRDiK6GU-00821-00199432-00199692 seven point nine percent from 2008 when
yUScRDiK6GU-00822-00199693-00199899 the inflation adjusted median household
yUScRDiK6GU-00823-00199900-00200100 income was forty thousand eight dollars
yUScRDiK6GU-00824-00200101-00200466 in 2013 dollars for comparison on an
yUScRDiK6GU-00825-00200467-00200682 inflation adjusted basis the median
yUScRDiK6GU-00826-00200683-00200883 household income among metropolitan
yUScRDiK6GU-00827-00200884-00201072 areas was sixty thousand four hundred
yUScRDiK6GU-00828-00201073-00201285 eighty two dollars down eight point two
yUScRDiK6GU-00829-00201286-00201459 percent in the same period and the
yUScRDiK6GU-00830-00201460-00201660 national median household income was
yUScRDiK6GU-00831-00201661-00201849 fifty-five thousand two hundred fifty
yUScRDiK6GU-00832-00201850-00202254 dollars down 7.0 percent from 2008 the
yUScRDiK6GU-00833-00202255-00202455 city's wealth disparity as evident when
yUScRDiK6GU-00834-00202456-00202686 neighborhoods are compared residents in
yUScRDiK6GU-00835-00202687-00202980 society Hill had a 2013 median household
yUScRDiK6GU-00836-00202981-00203232 income of 93 thousand seven hundred
yUScRDiK6GU-00837-00203233-00203436 twenty dollars while residents in one of
yUScRDiK6GU-00838-00203437-00203643 North Philadelphia's districts reported
yUScRDiK6GU-00839-00203644-00203823 the lowest median household income
yUScRDiK6GU-00840-00203824-00204006 fourteen thousand one hundred eighty
yUScRDiK6GU-00841-00204007-00204213 five dollars during the last decade
yUScRDiK6GU-00842-00204214-00204432 Philadelphia experienced a large shift
yUScRDiK6GU-00843-00204433-00204765 in its age profile in 2000 the city's
yUScRDiK6GU-00844-00204766-00204948 population pyramid had a largely
yUScRDiK6GU-00845-00204948-00205314 stationary shape in 2013 the city took
yUScRDiK6GU-00846-00205315-00205515 on an expansive pyramid shape with an
yUScRDiK6GU-00847-00205516-00205680 increase in the three millennial age
yUScRDiK6GU-00848-00205681-00206121 groups 20 to 24 25 to 29 and 30 to 34
yUScRDiK6GU-00849-00206121-00206496 the city's 25 to 29 year old age group
yUScRDiK6GU-00850-00206496-00206714 was the city's largest age cohort
yUScRDiK6GU-00851-00206715-00207271 according to the 2010 census 340 3837
yUScRDiK6GU-00852-00207273-00207591 22.5% were under the age of 18 two
yUScRDiK6GU-00853-00207592-00207741 hundred three thousand six hundred
yUScRDiK6GU-00854-00207742-00207935 ninety seven 13-point
yUScRDiK6GU-00855-00207936-00208199 percent from 18 to 24 four hundred
yUScRDiK6GU-00856-00208200-00208346 thirty four thousand three hundred
yUScRDiK6GU-00857-00208348-00208784 eighty five 28.5% from 25 to 44 three
yUScRDiK6GU-00858-00208785-00208946 hundred fifty eight thousand seven
yUScRDiK6GU-00859-00208948-00209144 hundred seventy eight twenty-three point
yUScRDiK6GU-00860-00209146-00209528 five percent from 45 to 64 and 185
yUScRDiK6GU-00861-00209529-00209748 thousand three hundred nine twelve point
yUScRDiK6GU-00862-00209748-00210002 one percent who were 65 years of age or
yUScRDiK6GU-00863-00210003-00210257 older the median age was thirty three
yUScRDiK6GU-00864-00210258-00210524 point five years for every 100 females
yUScRDiK6GU-00865-00210525-00210754 there were eighty nine point four males
yUScRDiK6GU-00866-00210755-00211100 for every 100 females age 18 and over
yUScRDiK6GU-00867-00211101-00211316 there were eighty five point seven males
yUScRDiK6GU-00868-00211317-00211748 the city had 22,000 18 births in 2013
yUScRDiK6GU-00869-00211749-00211949 down from a peak twenty three thousand
yUScRDiK6GU-00870-00211950-00212248 six hundred eighty-nine births in 2008
yUScRDiK6GU-00871-00212249-00212459 Philadelphia's death rate was at its
yUScRDiK6GU-00872-00212460-00212613 lowest in at least a half-century
yUScRDiK6GU-00873-00212614-00212831 thirteen thousand six hundred ninety-one
yUScRDiK6GU-00874-00212832-00213138 deaths in 2013 another factor
yUScRDiK6GU-00875-00213139-00213332 attributing to the population increase
yUScRDiK6GU-00876-00213333-00213542 as Philadelphia's rising immigration
yUScRDiK6GU-00877-00213544-00213809 rate like the Millennial population
yUScRDiK6GU-00878-00213810-00214010 Philadelphia's immigrant population is
yUScRDiK6GU-00879-00214011-00214208 also growing rapidly according to a
yUScRDiK6GU-00880-00214209-00214430 study by the Pew Charitable Trusts the
yUScRDiK6GU-00881-00214431-00214622 city's foreign-born population had
yUScRDiK6GU-00882-00214623-00214904 increased by 69 percent between 2000 and
yUScRDiK6GU-00883-00214905-00215196 2016 to constitute nearly 20 percent of
yUScRDiK6GU-00884-00215196-00215549 Philadelphia's workforce Irish Italian
yUScRDiK6GU-00885-00215550-00215828 German Polish English Russian Ukrainian
yUScRDiK6GU-00886-00215829-00216005 and French are the largest ethnic
yUScRDiK6GU-00887-00216006-00216299 European groups in the city Philadelphia
yUScRDiK6GU-00888-00216300-00216540 has the second largest Irish and Italian
yUScRDiK6GU-00889-00216541-00216762 populations in the United States after
yUScRDiK6GU-00890-00216763-00217067 New York City South Philadelphia remains
yUScRDiK6GU-00891-00217069-00217274 one of the largest Italian neighborhoods
yUScRDiK6GU-00892-00217275-00217416 in the country and is home to the
yUScRDiK6GU-00893-00217417-00217658 Italian market the pen sport
yUScRDiK6GU-00894-00217659-00217856 neighborhood and Grays Ferry section of
yUScRDiK6GU-00895-00217857-00217965 South Philadelphia
yUScRDiK6GU-00896-00217966-00218174 home to many mummer clubs are well known
yUScRDiK6GU-00897-00218175-00218444 as Irish neighborhoods the Kensington
yUScRDiK6GU-00898-00218446-00218654 Port Richmond and Fishtown neighborhoods
yUScRDiK6GU-00899-00218655-00218867 have historically been heavily Irish and
yUScRDiK6GU-00900-00218869-00219131 polish Port Richmond is well known in
yUScRDiK6GU-00901-00219132-00219326 particular as the center of the Polish
yUScRDiK6GU-00902-00219327-00219533 immigrant and polish American community
yUScRDiK6GU-00903-00219534-00219746 in Philadelphia and it remains a common
yUScRDiK6GU-00904-00219748-00219944 destination for Polish immigrants
yUScRDiK6GU-00905-00219944-00220191 Northeast Philadelphia although known
yUScRDiK6GU-00906-00220192-00220337 for its Irish and Irish American
yUScRDiK6GU-00907-00220338-00220571 population is also home to a large
yUScRDiK6GU-00908-00220573-00220866 Jewish and Russian population Mount Airy
yUScRDiK6GU-00909-00220867-00221105 in Northwest Philadelphia also contains
yUScRDiK6GU-00910-00221106-00221276 a large Jewish community
yUScRDiK6GU-00911-00221277-00221471 nearby Chestnut Hill is historically
yUScRDiK6GU-00912-00221471-00221675 known as an anglo-saxon Protestant
yUScRDiK6GU-00913-00221676-00222005 community Philadelphia is also home to a
yUScRDiK6GU-00914-00222006-00222239 significant gay and lesbian population
yUScRDiK6GU-00915-00222240-00222446 Philadelphia's gayborhood which is
yUScRDiK6GU-00916-00222446-00222641 located near Washington Square is home
yUScRDiK6GU-00917-00222642-00222854 to a large concentration of gay and
yUScRDiK6GU-00918-00222855-00223085 lesbian friendly businesses restaurants
yUScRDiK6GU-00919-00223086-00223319 and bars the black American population
yUScRDiK6GU-00920-00223319-00223529 in Philadelphia as the third largest in
yUScRDiK6GU-00921-00223530-00223703 the country after New York City in
yUScRDiK6GU-00922-00223704-00224027 Chicago historically West Philadelphia
yUScRDiK6GU-00923-00224028-00224210 and North Philadelphia were largely
yUScRDiK6GU-00924-00224211-00224398 black neighborhoods but many are leaving
yUScRDiK6GU-00925-00224400-00224600 those areas in favor of the northeast
yUScRDiK6GU-00926-00224601-00224804 and southwest sections of Philadelphia
yUScRDiK6GU-00927-00224805-00225041 there is a higher proportion of Muslims
yUScRDiK6GU-00928-00225042-00225266 in the black American population than
yUScRDiK6GU-00929-00225267-00225539 most cities in America West Philadelphia
yUScRDiK6GU-00930-00225540-00225779 also has significant Caribbean and
yUScRDiK6GU-00931-00225780-00226010 African immigrant populations the Puerto
yUScRDiK6GU-00932-00226011-00226219 Rican population in Philadelphia is the
yUScRDiK6GU-00933-00226221-00226439 second largest after New York City and
yUScRDiK6GU-00934-00226440-00226658 the second fastest growing after Orlando
yUScRDiK6GU-00935-00226659-00226889 there are large Porto Rican and
yUScRDiK6GU-00936-00226890-00227063 Dominican populations in North
yUScRDiK6GU-00937-00227064-00227285 Philadelphia in the Northeast as well as
yUScRDiK6GU-00938-00227286-00227494 a significant Mexican population in
yUScRDiK6GU-00939-00227496-00227603 South Philadelphia
yUScRDiK6GU-00940-00227604-00227812 Philadelphia's Asian American population
yUScRDiK6GU-00941-00227813-00228035 originated mainly from China India
yUScRDiK6GU-00942-00228036-00228316 Vietnam South Korea and the Philippines
yUScRDiK6GU-00943-00228317-00228671 over 35,000 Chinese Americans made their
yUScRDiK6GU-00944-00228671-00228884 home within Philadelphia City proper
yUScRDiK6GU-00945-00228885-00229109 alone in 2015 including a large
yUScRDiK6GU-00946-00229110-00229348 fuzhounese population and the city hosts
yUScRDiK6GU-00947-00229350-00229526 are growing Chinatown accommodating
yUScRDiK6GU-00948-00229527-00229739 heavily traveled Chinese owned bus lines
yUScRDiK6GU-00949-00229740-00229937 to and from Chinatown Manhattan in New
yUScRDiK6GU-00950-00229938-00230246 York City while a large Korean community
yUScRDiK6GU-00951-00230246-00230384 initially settled in the North
yUScRDiK6GU-00952-00230385-00230585 Philadelphia neighborhood of Olney the
yUScRDiK6GU-00953-00230586-00230789 primary Koreatown has subsequently
yUScRDiK6GU-00954-00230790-00231005 evolved in North Philadelphia straddling
yUScRDiK6GU-00955-00231006-00231169 the border with the northern suburb of
yUScRDiK6GU-00956-00231171-00231461 Cheltenham in Montgomery County South
yUScRDiK6GU-00957-00231462-00231662 Philadelphia is also home to large
yUScRDiK6GU-00958-00231663-00231841 Cambodian Vietnamese and Chinese
yUScRDiK6GU-00959-00231842-00232163 communities Philadelphia has the fifth
yUScRDiK6GU-00960-00232164-00232406 largest Muslim population among American
yUScRDiK6GU-00961-00232407-00232767 cities
yUScRDiK6GU-00962-00232767-00233259 topic religion
yUScRDiK6GU-00963-00233260-00233514 according to a 2014 study by the Pew
yUScRDiK6GU-00964-00233515-00233838 Research Center 68% of the population of
yUScRDiK6GU-00965-00233839-00234012 the city identified themselves as
yUScRDiK6GU-00966-00234013-00234296 Christian with 41% professing attendance
yUScRDiK6GU-00967-00234298-00234489 at a variety of churches that could be
yUScRDiK6GU-00968-00234490-00234765 considered Protestant 26% professing
yUScRDiK6GU-00969-00234766-00235002 Catholic beliefs and less than 1% are
yUScRDiK6GU-00970-00235003-00235271 Mormons while the remaining 24% claim no
yUScRDiK6GU-00971-00235273-00235536 religious affiliation the same study
yUScRDiK6GU-00972-00235537-00235719 says that other religions collectively
yUScRDiK6GU-00973-00235719-00235919 compose about 8% of the population
yUScRDiK6GU-00974-00235919-00236219 including Judaism Buddhism Islam and
yUScRDiK6GU-00975-00236221-00236403 Hinduism the Philadelphia metropolitan
yUScRDiK6GU-00976-00236404-00236706 areas Jewish population was estimated at
yUScRDiK6GU-00977-00236707-00237030 206 thousand in 2001 which was the sixth
yUScRDiK6GU-00978-00237031-00237201 largest in the United States at that
yUScRDiK6GU-00979-00237202-00237381 time other religious groups in
yUScRDiK6GU-00980-00237382-00237558 Philadelphia include Buddhism in
yUScRDiK6GU-00981-00237559-00237777 Chinatown and Caribbean and traditional
yUScRDiK6GU-00982-00237778-00237963 African religions in north in West
yUScRDiK6GU-00983-00237964-00238260 Philadelphia historically the city has
yUScRDiK6GU-00984-00238261-00238421 strong connections to the Quakers
yUScRDiK6GU-00985-00238423-00238665 Unitarian Universalism and the ethical
yUScRDiK6GU-00986-00238666-00238851 culture movement all of which continue
yUScRDiK6GU-00987-00238852-00239112 to be represented in the city the Quaker
yUScRDiK6GU-00988-00239113-00239319 Friends General Conference is based in
yUScRDiK6GU-00989-00239319-00239664 Philadelphia African diasporic religions
yUScRDiK6GU-00990-00239665-00239846 are practiced in some Hispanic and
yUScRDiK6GU-00991-00239848-00240042 Caribbean communities in North and West
yUScRDiK6GU-00992-00240042-00240390 Philadelphia
yUScRDiK6GU-00993-00240391-00240884 topic languages
yUScRDiK6GU-00994-00240885-00241202 as of 2010 seventy nine point one two
yUScRDiK6GU-00995-00241203-00241416 percent 1 million one hundred twelve
yUScRDiK6GU-00996-00241417-00241610 thousand four hundred forty one of
yUScRDiK6GU-00997-00241611-00241839 philadelphia residents aged 5 and older
yUScRDiK6GU-00998-00241840-00242042 spoke English at home as a primary
yUScRDiK6GU-00999-00242044-00242234 language while nine point seven two
yUScRDiK6GU-01000-00242235-00242453 percent one hundred thirty six thousand
yUScRDiK6GU-01001-00242454-00242648 six hundred eighty eight spoke Spanish
yUScRDiK6GU-01002-00242649-00242879 one point six four percent twenty three
yUScRDiK6GU-01003-00242880-00243171 thousand seventy five Chinese 0.89%
yUScRDiK6GU-01004-00243171-00243398 twelve thousand four hundred ninety nine
yUScRDiK6GU-01005-00243399-00243776 Vietnamese 0.77% ten thousand eight
yUScRDiK6GU-01006-00243777-00244130 hundred eighty-five russian 0.66% nine
yUScRDiK6GU-01007-00244131-00244446 thousand two hundred forty french 0.61%
yUScRDiK6GU-01008-00244446-00244673 eight thousand six hundred thirty-nine
yUScRDiK6GU-01009-00244674-00244925 other Asian languages zero point five
yUScRDiK6GU-01010-00244926-00245094 eight percent eight thousand two hundred
yUScRDiK6GU-01011-00245094-00245544 seventeen African languages 0.56% seven
yUScRDiK6GU-01012-00245544-00245702 thousand nine hundred thirty three
yUScRDiK6GU-01013-00245703-00245954 Cambodian Hmong Khmer an Italian was
yUScRDiK6GU-01014-00245955-00246332 spoken as a main language by 0.55% seven
yUScRDiK6GU-01015-00246333-00246530 thousand seven hundred seventy three of
yUScRDiK6GU-01016-00246531-00246734 the population over the age of five in
yUScRDiK6GU-01017-00246735-00247004 total twenty point eight eight percent
yUScRDiK6GU-01018-00247005-00247188 two hundred ninety three thousand five
yUScRDiK6GU-01019-00247189-00247389 hundred forty-four of Philadelphia's
yUScRDiK6GU-01020-00247390-00247607 population aged 5 and older spoke a
yUScRDiK6GU-01021-00247608-00248083 mother language other than English
yUScRDiK6GU-01022-00248084-00248488 topic dialect
yUScRDiK6GU-01023-00248489-00248742 the traditional Philadelphia accent is
yUScRDiK6GU-01024-00248744-00248923 considered by some linguists to be the
yUScRDiK6GU-01025-00248923-00249142 most distinctive accent in North America
yUScRDiK6GU-01026-00249142-00249423 the Philadelphia dialect which is spread
yUScRDiK6GU-01027-00249425-00249594 throughout the Delaware Valley in South
yUScRDiK6GU-01028-00249596-00249798 Jersey is part of a larger mid-atlantic
yUScRDiK6GU-01029-00249800-00250044 American English family a designation
yUScRDiK6GU-01030-00250046-00250314 that also includes the Baltimore dialect
yUScRDiK6GU-01031-00250315-00250510 additionally it shares many similarities
yUScRDiK6GU-01032-00250511-00250867 with the New York accent thanks to over
yUScRDiK6GU-01033-00250867-00251086 a century of linguistic data collected
yUScRDiK6GU-01034-00251087-00251260 by researchers at the University of
yUScRDiK6GU-01035-00251261-00251458 Pennsylvania under sociolinguists
yUScRDiK6GU-01036-00251459-00251692 William labove the Philadelphia dialect
yUScRDiK6GU-01037-00251692-00251884 has been one of the best studied forms
yUScRDiK6GU-01038-00251885-00252142 of American English the accent is
yUScRDiK6GU-01039-00252142-00252310 especially found within the Irish
yUScRDiK6GU-01040-00252311-00252490 American and Italian American
yUScRDiK6GU-01041-00252491-00252669 working-class neighbourhoods
yUScRDiK6GU-01042-00252669-00252871 Philadelphia also has its own unique
yUScRDiK6GU-01043-00252871-00253450 collection of neologisms and slang terms
yUScRDiK6GU-01044-00253451-00253981 topic economy
yUScRDiK6GU-01045-00253982-00254180 Philadelphia is the center of economic
yUScRDiK6GU-01046-00254181-00254398 activity in Pennsylvania with the
yUScRDiK6GU-01047-00254400-00254617 headquarters of five fortune 1000
yUScRDiK6GU-01048-00254619-00254848 companies located within city limits
yUScRDiK6GU-01049-00254848-00255040 according to the Bureau of Economic
yUScRDiK6GU-01050-00255041-00255298 Analysis the Philadelphia area had a
yUScRDiK6GU-01051-00255300-00255598 total gross domestic product of 430 1
yUScRDiK6GU-01052-00255600-00255836 billion dollars in 2016 the eighth
yUScRDiK6GU-01053-00255837-00256052 largest metropolitan economy in the
yUScRDiK6GU-01054-00256053-00256358 United States Philadelphia was rated by
yUScRDiK6GU-01055-00256359-00256550 the gawc as a beta
yUScRDiK6GU-01056-00256551-00256858 city in its 2016 ranking of world cities
yUScRDiK6GU-01057-00256859-00257105 Philadelphia International Airport is
yUScRDiK6GU-01058-00257106-00257296 undergoing a 900 million dollars
yUScRDiK6GU-01059-00257296-00257513 infrastructural expansion to increase
yUScRDiK6GU-01060-00257514-00257756 passenger capacity and augment passenger
yUScRDiK6GU-01061-00257757-00257900 experience while the port of
yUScRDiK6GU-01062-00257901-00258089 Philadelphia having experienced the
yUScRDiK6GU-01063-00258090-00258275 highest percentage growth by tonnage
yUScRDiK6GU-01064-00258276-00258578 loaded in 2017 among major US seaports
yUScRDiK6GU-01065-00258579-00258755 was in the process of doubling its
yUScRDiK6GU-01066-00258756-00258911 capacity in order to accommodate
yUScRDiK6GU-01067-00258912-00259154 super-sized post-panamax shipping
yUScRDiK6GU-01068-00259155-00259451 vessels in 2018 Philadelphia's economic
yUScRDiK6GU-01069-00259452-00259646 sectors include financial services
yUScRDiK6GU-01070-00259646-00259885 healthcare biotechnology information
yUScRDiK6GU-01071-00259886-00260171 technology manufacturing oil refining
yUScRDiK6GU-01072-00260171-00260494 food processing and tourism financial
yUScRDiK6GU-01073-00260496-00260660 activities account for the largest
yUScRDiK6GU-01074-00260661-00260900 economic sector of the metropolitan area
yUScRDiK6GU-01075-00260901-00261101 which is also one of the largest health
yUScRDiK6GU-01076-00261102-00261287 education and research centers in the
yUScRDiK6GU-01077-00261288-00261590 United States the city is home to the
yUScRDiK6GU-01078-00261591-00261803 Philadelphia Stock Exchange and some of
yUScRDiK6GU-01079-00261804-00262007 the area's largest companies including
yUScRDiK6GU-01080-00262008-00262205 cable television and internet provider
yUScRDiK6GU-01081-00262206-00262442 Comcast insurance companies Cigna
yUScRDiK6GU-01082-00262443-00262661 Colonial Penn an independence Blue Cross
yUScRDiK6GU-01083-00262662-00262949 energy companies Sunoco food services
yUScRDiK6GU-01084-00262950-00263183 company Aramark packaging company crown
yUScRDiK6GU-01085-00263184-00263462 holdings chemical makers FMC and Rohm
yUScRDiK6GU-01086-00263463-00263648 and Haas pharmaceutical company
yUScRDiK6GU-01087-00263649-00263834 GlaxoSmithKline Boeing rotorcraft
yUScRDiK6GU-01088-00263835-00264056 systems apparel retailer Urban
yUScRDiK6GU-01089-00264057-00264272 Outfitters and automotive parts retailer
yUScRDiK6GU-01090-00264273-00264424 Pep Boys
yUScRDiK6GU-01091-00264425-00264671 Philadelphia's annualized unemployment
yUScRDiK6GU-01092-00264672-00264995 rate was 7.8 percent in 2014 down from
yUScRDiK6GU-01093-00264996-00265256 10 percent the previous year this is
yUScRDiK6GU-01094-00265257-00265487 higher than the national average of 6.2
yUScRDiK6GU-01095-00265488-00265784 percent similarly the rate of new jobs
yUScRDiK6GU-01096-00265785-00265985 added to the city's economy lagged
yUScRDiK6GU-01097-00265986-00266312 behind the national job growth in 2014
yUScRDiK6GU-01098-00266313-00266624 about 8800 jobs were added to the city's
yUScRDiK6GU-01099-00266625-00266915 economy sectors with the largest number
yUScRDiK6GU-01100-00266916-00267149 of jobs added were in education and
yUScRDiK6GU-01101-00267150-00267356 CAIR leisure and hospitality and
yUScRDiK6GU-01102-00267357-00267562 professional and business services
yUScRDiK6GU-01103-00267563-00267773 declines were seen in the city's
yUScRDiK6GU-01104-00267774-00267968 manufacturing and government sectors
yUScRDiK6GU-01105-00267969-00268187 about thirty one point nine percent of
yUScRDiK6GU-01106-00268188-00268370 the city's population was not in the
yUScRDiK6GU-01107-00268371-00268637 labor force in 2015 the second highest
yUScRDiK6GU-01108-00268638-00268919 percentage after Detroit the city's two
yUScRDiK6GU-01109-00268920-00269111 largest employers are the federal and
yUScRDiK6GU-01110-00269112-00269369 city governments Philadelphia's largest
yUScRDiK6GU-01111-00269370-00269564 private employer as the University of
yUScRDiK6GU-01112-00269565-00269768 Pennsylvania followed by the Children's
yUScRDiK6GU-01113-00269769-00270023 Hospital of Philadelphia a study
yUScRDiK6GU-01114-00270024-00270206 commissioned by the city's government in
yUScRDiK6GU-01115-00270207-00270473 2011 projected forty thousand jobs would
yUScRDiK6GU-01116-00270474-00270662 be added to the city within 25 years
yUScRDiK6GU-01117-00270663-00271001 raising the number of jobs from 675
yUScRDiK6GU-01118-00271002-00271265 thousand in 2010 to an estimated seven
yUScRDiK6GU-01119-00271266-00271496 hundred fifteen thousand by 2035
yUScRDiK6GU-01120-00271497-00271715 Philadelphia's history attracts many
yUScRDiK6GU-01121-00271716-00271904 tourists with the independence National
yUScRDiK6GU-01122-00271905-00272114 Historical Park which includes the
yUScRDiK6GU-01123-00272115-00272336 Liberty Bell Independence Hall and other
yUScRDiK6GU-01124-00272337-00272540 historic sites receiving over five
yUScRDiK6GU-01125-00272541-00272750 million visitors in 2016
yUScRDiK6GU-01126-00272751-00273050 the city welcomed 42 million domestic
yUScRDiK6GU-01127-00273051-00273365 tourists in 2016 who spent 6.8 billion
yUScRDiK6GU-01128-00273366-00273608 dollars generating an estimated 11
yUScRDiK6GU-01129-00273609-00273812 billion dollars in total economic impact
yUScRDiK6GU-01130-00273813-00274001 in the city and surrounding four
yUScRDiK6GU-01131-00274002-00274481 counties of Pennsylvania
yUScRDiK6GU-01132-00274482-00274948 topic education
yUScRDiK6GU-01133-00274949-00275597 topic primary and secondary education
yUScRDiK6GU-01134-00275598-00275871 education in Philadelphia is provided by
yUScRDiK6GU-01135-00275872-00276141 many private and public institutions the
yUScRDiK6GU-01136-00276142-00276360 School District of Philadelphia runs the
yUScRDiK6GU-01137-00276361-00276498 city's public schools
yUScRDiK6GU-01138-00276499-00276723 the Philadelphia School District as the
yUScRDiK6GU-01139-00276724-00276891 eighth largest school district in the
yUScRDiK6GU-01140-00276892-00277347 United States with 140 2266 students in
yUScRDiK6GU-01141-00277348-00277665 218 traditional public schools and 86
yUScRDiK6GU-01142-00277666-00277920 charter schools as of 2014 the city's
yUScRDiK6GU-01143-00277921-00278157 k12 enrollment in district run schools
yUScRDiK6GU-01144-00278158-00278451 dropped from 156 thousand two hundred
yUScRDiK6GU-01145-00278452-00278769 eleven students in 2010 to 130 thousand
yUScRDiK6GU-01146-00278770-00279135 104 students in 2015 during the same
yUScRDiK6GU-01147-00279136-00279336 time period the enrollment in charter
yUScRDiK6GU-01148-00279337-00279663 schools increased from 33,000 995
yUScRDiK6GU-01149-00279664-00280083 students in 2010 to 62,000 358 students
yUScRDiK6GU-01150-00280084-00280380 in 2015 this consistent drop in
yUScRDiK6GU-01151-00280381-00280620 enrollment led the city to close 24 of
yUScRDiK6GU-01152-00280621-00280923 its public schools in 2013 during the
yUScRDiK6GU-01153-00280924-00281175 2014 school year the city spent an
yUScRDiK6GU-01154-00281176-00281559 average of 12,500 $70 per pupil below
yUScRDiK6GU-01155-00281560-00281739 the average among comparable urban
yUScRDiK6GU-01156-00281740-00281955 school districts graduation rates among
yUScRDiK6GU-01157-00281956-00282195 district run schools meanwhile steadily
yUScRDiK6GU-01158-00282196-00282485 increased in the ten years from 2005 in
yUScRDiK6GU-01159-00282486-00282774 2005 Philadelphia had a district
yUScRDiK6GU-01160-00282775-00282993 graduation rate of 52%
yUScRDiK6GU-01161-00282994-00283410 this number increased to 65% in 2014
yUScRDiK6GU-01162-00283411-00283548 still below the national and state
yUScRDiK6GU-01163-00283549-00283803 averages scores on the state
yUScRDiK6GU-01164-00283804-00284019 standardized test the Pennsylvania
yUScRDiK6GU-01165-00284020-00284298 system of school assessment PSSA trended
yUScRDiK6GU-01166-00284299-00284556 upward from 2005 to 2011 but
yUScRDiK6GU-01167-00284557-00284895 subsequently decreased in 2005 the
yUScRDiK6GU-01168-00284896-00285060 district run schools scored an average
yUScRDiK6GU-01169-00285061-00285435 of 37 point 4 percent on math and 35.5
yUScRDiK6GU-01170-00285436-00285693 percent on reading the city schools
yUScRDiK6GU-01171-00285694-00285978 reached its peak scores in 2011 with 59
yUScRDiK6GU-01172-00285979-00286344 point o % on math and 52.3% on reading
yUScRDiK6GU-01173-00286345-00286638 in 2014 the scores dropped significantly
yUScRDiK6GU-01174-00286639-00286902 to forty five point two percent on math
yUScRDiK6GU-01175-00286903-00287232 and forty 2.0 percent on reading of the
yUScRDiK6GU-01176-00287233-00287442 city's public high schools including
yUScRDiK6GU-01177-00287443-00287646 charter schools only four performed
yUScRDiK6GU-01178-00287647-00287841 above the national average on the SAT
yUScRDiK6GU-01179-00287842-00288156 fourteen ninety seven out of 2400 in
yUScRDiK6GU-01180-00288157-00288258 2014
yUScRDiK6GU-01181-00288259-00288492 Masterman Central Girard and mast
yUScRDiK6GU-01182-00288493-00288744 community charter school all other
yUScRDiK6GU-01183-00288745-00288927 district run schools were below
yUScRDiK6GU-01184-00288928-00289227 Everage
yUScRDiK6GU-01185-00289228-00289896 topic higher education Philadelphia has
yUScRDiK6GU-01186-00289897-00290112 the third largest student concentration
yUScRDiK6GU-01187-00290113-00290379 on the East Coast with over 120 thousand
yUScRDiK6GU-01188-00290380-00290577 college and university students enrolled
yUScRDiK6GU-01189-00290578-00290739 within the city and nearly three hundred
yUScRDiK6GU-01190-00290740-00291036 thousand in the metropolitan area there
yUScRDiK6GU-01191-00291037-00291303 are over 80 colleges universities trade
yUScRDiK6GU-01192-00291304-00291462 and specialty schools in the
yUScRDiK6GU-01193-00291463-00291717 Philadelphia region one of the founding
yUScRDiK6GU-01194-00291718-00291902 members of the Association of American
yUScRDiK6GU-01195-00291903-00292104 Universities as in the city the
yUScRDiK6GU-01196-00292105-00292338 University of Pennsylvania an Ivy League
yUScRDiK6GU-01197-00292339-00292527 institution with claims to being the
yUScRDiK6GU-01198-00292528-00292728 oldest university in the country the
yUScRDiK6GU-01199-00292729-00292893 city's largest school by number of
yUScRDiK6GU-01200-00292894-00293112 students as Temple University followed
yUScRDiK6GU-01201-00293113-00293409 by Drexel University the University of
yUScRDiK6GU-01202-00293410-00293607 Pennsylvania Temple University and
yUScRDiK6GU-01203-00293608-00293838 Drexel University comprised the city's
yUScRDiK6GU-01204-00293839-00294141 major research universities Philadelphia
yUScRDiK6GU-01205-00294142-00294345 is also home to five schools of medicine
yUScRDiK6GU-01206-00294346-00294606 Drexel University College of Medicine
yUScRDiK6GU-01207-00294607-00294777 Perelman School of Medicine at the
yUScRDiK6GU-01208-00294778-00294966 University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia
yUScRDiK6GU-01209-00294967-00295254 College of Osteopathic Medicine Temple
yUScRDiK6GU-01210-00295255-00295428 University School of Medicine and the
yUScRDiK6GU-01211-00295429-00295734 Thomas Jefferson University Hospitals
yUScRDiK6GU-01212-00295735-00295902 universities and higher education
yUScRDiK6GU-01213-00295903-00296160 research institutions in Philadelphia's
yUScRDiK6GU-01214-00296161-00296355 four congressional districts received
yUScRDiK6GU-01215-00296356-00296625 more than 252 million dollars in
yUScRDiK6GU-01216-00296626-00296826 National Institutes of Health grants in
yUScRDiK6GU-01217-00296827-00296922 2015
yUScRDiK6GU-01218-00296923-00297063 other institutions of higher learning
yUScRDiK6GU-01219-00297064-00297564 within the city's borders include
yUScRDiK6GU-01220-00297565-00298132 topic culture
yUScRDiK6GU-01221-00298133-00298346 Philadelphia is home to many national
yUScRDiK6GU-01222-00298347-00298547 historical sites that relate to the
yUScRDiK6GU-01223-00298548-00298744 founding of the United States
yUScRDiK6GU-01224-00298745-00299018 independence National Historical Park is
yUScRDiK6GU-01225-00299019-00299222 the center of these historical landmarks
yUScRDiK6GU-01226-00299223-00299466 being one of the country's 22 UNESCO
yUScRDiK6GU-01227-00299467-00299747 World Heritage Sites Independence Hall
yUScRDiK6GU-01228-00299748-00299945 where the Declaration of Independence
yUScRDiK6GU-01229-00299946-00300128 was signed and the Liberty Bell are the
yUScRDiK6GU-01230-00300129-00300387 city's most famous attractions other
yUScRDiK6GU-01231-00300388-00300596 national historic sites include the
yUScRDiK6GU-01232-00300597-00300803 homes of Edgar Allen Poe and Thaddeus
yUScRDiK6GU-01233-00300804-00301019 Kosciuszko early government buildings
yUScRDiK6GU-01234-00301020-00301202 like the first and second banks of the
yUScRDiK6GU-01235-00301203-00301397 United States Fort Mifflin and the
yUScRDiK6GU-01236-00301398-00301637 Gloria Dei old Swedes Church
yUScRDiK6GU-01237-00301638-00301934 Philadelphia alone has 67 National
yUScRDiK6GU-01238-00301935-00302163 Historic Landmarks the third most of any
yUScRDiK6GU-01239-00302164-00302378 city in the country Philadelphia's major
yUScRDiK6GU-01240-00302379-00302579 science museums include the Franklin
yUScRDiK6GU-01241-00302580-00302774 Institute which contains the Benjamin
yUScRDiK6GU-01242-00302775-00302996 Franklin National Memorial the Academy
yUScRDiK6GU-01243-00302997-00303179 of Natural Sciences the mutter museum
yUScRDiK6GU-01244-00303180-00303329 and the University of Pennsylvania
yUScRDiK6GU-01245-00303330-00303625 Museum of Archaeology and anthropology
yUScRDiK6GU-01246-00303626-00303908 history museums include the National
yUScRDiK6GU-01247-00303909-00304116 Constitution Center the Museum of the
yUScRDiK6GU-01248-00304117-00304328 American Revolution the Philadelphia
yUScRDiK6GU-01249-00304329-00304553 History Museum the National Museum of
yUScRDiK6GU-01250-00304554-00304764 American Jewish history the African
yUScRDiK6GU-01251-00304765-00304965 American Museum in Philadelphia the
yUScRDiK6GU-01252-00304966-00305193 Historical Society of Pennsylvania the
yUScRDiK6GU-01253-00305194-00305384 Masonic Library and Museum of
yUScRDiK6GU-01254-00305385-00305592 Pennsylvania in the Masonic Temple and
yUScRDiK6GU-01255-00305593-00305794 the Eastern State Penitentiary
yUScRDiK6GU-01256-00305795-00306008 Philadelphia is home to the United
yUScRDiK6GU-01257-00306009-00306243 States first zoo in hospital as well as
yUScRDiK6GU-01258-00306244-00306465 Fairmount Park one of America's oldest
yUScRDiK6GU-01259-00306466-00306762 and largest urban parks founded in 1855
yUScRDiK6GU-01260-00306763-00306993 the city has home to important archival
yUScRDiK6GU-01261-00306994-00307193 repositories including the Library
yUScRDiK6GU-01262-00307194-00307418 Company of Philadelphia established in
yUScRDiK6GU-01263-00307419-00307685 1731 by Benjamin Franklin and the
yUScRDiK6GU-01264-00307686-00307877 Athenaeum of Philadelphia founded in
yUScRDiK6GU-01265-00307878-00308270 1814 the Presbyterian Historical Society
yUScRDiK6GU-01266-00308271-00308474 as the country's oldest denominational
yUScRDiK6GU-01267-00308475-00309122 Historical Society organized in 1852
yUScRDiK6GU-01268-00309123-00309537 topic arts
yUScRDiK6GU-01269-00309538-00309827 the city contains many art museums such
yUScRDiK6GU-01270-00309828-00310010 as the Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine
yUScRDiK6GU-01271-00310011-00310235 Arts and the Rodin Museum which holds
yUScRDiK6GU-01272-00310236-00310446 the largest collection of work by Agusta
yUScRDiK6GU-01273-00310447-00310716 Rodin outside France the city's major
yUScRDiK6GU-01274-00310717-00310958 art museum the Philadelphia Museum of
yUScRDiK6GU-01275-00310959-00311193 Art is one of the largest art museums in
yUScRDiK6GU-01276-00311194-00311453 the world the long flight of steps to
yUScRDiK6GU-01277-00311454-00311651 the Art Museum's main entrance became
yUScRDiK6GU-01278-00311652-00311991 famous after the film rocky 1976 the
yUScRDiK6GU-01279-00311992-00312182 city is home to the Philadelphia Sketch
yUScRDiK6GU-01280-00312183-00312407 Club one of the country's oldest artists
yUScRDiK6GU-01281-00312408-00312621 clubs and the plastic Club started by
yUScRDiK6GU-01282-00312622-00312899 women excluded from the sketch club many
yUScRDiK6GU-01283-00312900-00313127 old city art galleries stay open late on
yUScRDiK6GU-01284-00313128-00313327 the first Friday event of each month
yUScRDiK6GU-01285-00313328-00313620 annual events include film festivals and
yUScRDiK6GU-01286-00313621-00313797 parades the most famous being the
yUScRDiK6GU-01287-00313798-00313989 Thanksgiving Day Parade in the mummer's
yUScRDiK6GU-01288-00313990-00314276 parade on New Year's Day areas such as
yUScRDiK6GU-01289-00314277-00314487 South Street and old city have a vibrant
yUScRDiK6GU-01290-00314488-00314742 nightlife the Avenue of the Arts in
yUScRDiK6GU-01291-00314743-00314960 Center City contains many restaurants
yUScRDiK6GU-01292-00314961-00315158 and theaters such as the Kimmel Center
yUScRDiK6GU-01293-00315159-00315326 for the Performing Arts home of the
yUScRDiK6GU-01294-00315327-00315537 Philadelphia Orchestra and the Academy
yUScRDiK6GU-01295-00315538-00315765 of Music home of opera Philadelphia and
yUScRDiK6GU-01296-00315766-00316007 the Pennsylvania Ballet the Wilma
yUScRDiK6GU-01297-00316008-00316188 Theatre in the Philadelphia Theatre
yUScRDiK6GU-01298-00316189-00316392 Company at the Suzanne Roberts theater
yUScRDiK6GU-01299-00316393-00316685 produce a variety of new plays several
yUScRDiK6GU-01300-00316686-00316893 blocks to the east are the Walnut Street
yUScRDiK6GU-01301-00316894-00317094 Theatre claimed to be America's oldest
yUScRDiK6GU-01302-00317095-00317268 and most subscribed to Theatre in the
yUScRDiK6GU-01303-00317269-00317466 world and the lantern Theatre Company at
yUScRDiK6GU-01304-00317467-00317690 st. Stephen's Episcopal Church
yUScRDiK6GU-01305-00317691-00317930 Philadelphia has more public art than
yUScRDiK6GU-01306-00317931-00318260 any other American city in 1872 the
yUScRDiK6GU-01307-00318261-00318500 Association for public art formerly the
yUScRDiK6GU-01308-00318501-00318704 Fairmount Park Art Association was
yUScRDiK6GU-01309-00318705-00318932 created as the first private Association
yUScRDiK6GU-01310-00318933-00319119 in the United States dedicated to
yUScRDiK6GU-01311-00319120-00319290 integrating public art and urban
yUScRDiK6GU-01312-00319291-00319658 planning in 1959 lobbying by the artists
yUScRDiK6GU-01313-00319659-00319859 equity Association helped create the
yUScRDiK6GU-01314-00319860-00320060 percent for art ordinance the first for
yUScRDiK6GU-01315-00320061-00320343 a u.s. city the program which has funded
yUScRDiK6GU-01316-00320344-00320592 more than 200 pieces of public art is
yUScRDiK6GU-01317-00320593-00320804 administered by the Philadelphia Office
yUScRDiK6GU-01318-00320805-00320991 of Arts and Culture the city's art
yUScRDiK6GU-01319-00320992-00321249 agency Philadelphia has more murals than
yUScRDiK6GU-01320-00321250-00321479 any other US city thanks in part to the
yUScRDiK6GU-01321-00321480-00321723 1984 creation of the Department of
yUScRDiK6GU-01322-00321724-00321935 recreations mural arts program which
yUScRDiK6GU-01323-00321936-00322106 seeks to beautify neighborhoods and
yUScRDiK6GU-01324-00322107-00322296 provide an outlet for graffiti artists
yUScRDiK6GU-01325-00322297-00322658 the program has funded more than 2,800
yUScRDiK6GU-01326-00322659-00322899 murals by professional staff and
yUScRDiK6GU-01327-00322900-00323079 dear artists and educated more than
yUScRDiK6GU-01328-00323080-00323241 20,000 youth in underserved
yUScRDiK6GU-01329-00323242-00323441 neighborhoods throughout Philadelphia
yUScRDiK6GU-01330-00323442-00323697 topic music Philadelphia has played a
yUScRDiK6GU-01331-00323698-00323859 prominent role in the music of the
yUScRDiK6GU-01332-00323860-00324147 United States the culture of American
yUScRDiK6GU-01333-00324148-00324336 popular music has been influenced by
yUScRDiK6GU-01334-00324337-00324510 significant contributions of
yUScRDiK6GU-01335-00324511-00324690 Philadelphia area musicians and
yUScRDiK6GU-01336-00324691-00324876 producers in both the recording and
yUScRDiK6GU-01337-00324877-00325266 broadcasting industries in 1952 the teen
yUScRDiK6GU-01338-00325267-00325482 dance party program called Bandstand
yUScRDiK6GU-01339-00325483-00325647 premiered on local television
yUScRDiK6GU-01340-00325648-00325926 hosted by Bob Horn the show was renamed
yUScRDiK6GU-01341-00325927-00326253 American Bandstand in 1957 when it began
yUScRDiK6GU-01342-00326254-00326526 national syndication on ABC hosted by
yUScRDiK6GU-01343-00326527-00326733 Dick Clark and produced in Philadelphia
yUScRDiK6GU-01344-00326734-00327068 until 1964 when it moved to Los Angeles
yUScRDiK6GU-01345-00327069-00327312 promoters marketed youthful musical
yUScRDiK6GU-01346-00327313-00327525 artists known as teen idols to appeal to
yUScRDiK6GU-01347-00327526-00327783 the young audience Philadelphia born
yUScRDiK6GU-01348-00327784-00328011 singers such as Frankie Avalon James
yUScRDiK6GU-01349-00328012-00328263 Darren Eddie Fisher Fabian Forte and
yUScRDiK6GU-01350-00328264-00328452 Bobby riddle along with South Philly
yUScRDiK6GU-01351-00328453-00328638 raised Chubby Checker topped the music
yUScRDiK6GU-01352-00328639-00328821 charts establishing a clean-cut
yUScRDiK6GU-01353-00328822-00329142 rock-and-roll image Philly soul music of
yUScRDiK6GU-01354-00329143-00329463 the late 1960s to 1970s as a highly
yUScRDiK6GU-01355-00329464-00329673 produced version of soul music which led
yUScRDiK6GU-01356-00329674-00329886 to later forms of popular music such as
yUScRDiK6GU-01357-00329887-00330117 disco and urban contemporary rhythm and
yUScRDiK6GU-01358-00330118-00330507 blues on July 13 1985 John F Kennedy
yUScRDiK6GU-01359-00330508-00330747 Stadium was the American venue for the
yUScRDiK6GU-01360-00330748-00331050 Live Aid concert the city also hosted
yUScRDiK6GU-01361-00331051-00331283 the live 8 concert which attracted about
yUScRDiK6GU-01362-00331284-00331491 700,000 people to the Benjamin Franklin
yUScRDiK6GU-01363-00331492-00331938 Parkway on July 2nd 2005 famous rock and
yUScRDiK6GU-01364-00331939-00332166 pop musicians from Philadelphia or its
yUScRDiK6GU-01365-00332167-00332367 suburbs include Bill Haley & his comets
yUScRDiK6GU-01366-00332368-00332652 Todd Rundgren and Nass Hall & Oates the
yUScRDiK6GU-01367-00332653-00332985 Hooters weaned Cinderella and pink local
yUScRDiK6GU-01368-00332986-00333225 hip hop artists include the roots DJ
yUScRDiK6GU-01369-00333226-00333438 Jazzy Jeff and The Fresh Prince the
yUScRDiK6GU-01370-00333439-00333474 goats
yUScRDiK6GU-01371-00333475-00333756 school Edie Lisa left eye Lopes and Meek
yUScRDiK6GU-01372-00333757-00334050 Mill the Curtis Institute of Music is
yUScRDiK6GU-01373-00334051-00334164 one of the world's premier
yUScRDiK6GU-01374-00334165-00334413 conservatories the Philadelphia
yUScRDiK6GU-01375-00334414-00334617 Orchestra is generally considered one of
yUScRDiK6GU-01376-00334618-00334821 the top five orchestras in the United
yUScRDiK6GU-01377-00334822-00335079 States the orchestra performs at the
yUScRDiK6GU-01378-00335080-00335283 Kimmel Center and has a summer concert
yUScRDiK6GU-01379-00335284-00335442 series at the Mann Center for the
yUScRDiK6GU-01380-00335443-00335721 Performing Arts opera Philadelphia
yUScRDiK6GU-01381-00335722-00335889 performs at the nation's oldest
yUScRDiK6GU-01382-00335890-00336105 continually operating Opera House the
yUScRDiK6GU-01383-00336106-00336257 Academy of Music
yUScRDiK6GU-01384-00336258-00336465 the world-renowned Philadelphia Boys
yUScRDiK6GU-01385-00336466-00336666 Choir and chorale has performed its
yUScRDiK6GU-01386-00336667-00336945 music all over the world the Philly Pops
yUScRDiK6GU-01387-00336946-00337164 plays orchestral versions of popular
yUScRDiK6GU-01388-00337165-00337448 jazz swing Broadway and blues songs at
yUScRDiK6GU-01389-00337449-00337598 the Kimmel Center and other venues
yUScRDiK6GU-01390-00337599-00337863 within the mid-atlantic region topic
yUScRDiK6GU-01391-00337864-00338019 cuisine the city is known for its
yUScRDiK6GU-01392-00338020-00338316 hoagies Stromboli scrapple soft pretzels
yUScRDiK6GU-01393-00338317-00338616 water ice Irish potato candy tasty cakes
yUScRDiK6GU-01394-00338617-00338790 and the cheesesteak sandwich which was
yUScRDiK6GU-01395-00338791-00339042 developed by Italian immigrants the
yUScRDiK6GU-01396-00339043-00339206 philadelphia area has many
yUScRDiK6GU-01397-00339207-00339401 establishments that serve cheesesteaks
yUScRDiK6GU-01398-00339402-00339580 including restaurants taverns
yUScRDiK6GU-01399-00339581-00339875 delicatessens and pizza parlors the
yUScRDiK6GU-01400-00339876-00340073 originator of the thinly sliced steak
yUScRDiK6GU-01401-00340074-00340310 sandwich in the 1930s initially without
yUScRDiK6GU-01402-00340311-00340542 cheese is Pat's king of steaks which
yUScRDiK6GU-01403-00340543-00340793 faces its rival Geno's steaks founded in
yUScRDiK6GU-01404-00340794-00341072 1966 across the intersection of 9th
yUScRDiK6GU-01405-00341073-00341249 Street and Passyunk Avenue in the
yUScRDiK6GU-01406-00341250-00341471 Italian market of South Philadelphia
yUScRDiK6GU-01407-00341472-00341774 McGill ins old Ale House opened in 1860
yUScRDiK6GU-01408-00341775-00341984 on Drury Street in Center City is the
yUScRDiK6GU-01409-00341985-00342206 oldest continuously operated tavern in
yUScRDiK6GU-01410-00342207-00342492 the city the City Tavern is a replica of
yUScRDiK6GU-01411-00342493-00342731 the historic 18th century building first
yUScRDiK6GU-01412-00342732-00343140 opened in 1773 demolished in 1854 after
yUScRDiK6GU-01413-00343141-00343437 a fire and rebuilt in 1975 on the same
yUScRDiK6GU-01414-00343438-00343610 site as part of independence National
yUScRDiK6GU-01415-00343611-00343737 Historical Park
yUScRDiK6GU-01416-00343738-00343952 the tavern offers authentic
yUScRDiK6GU-01417-00343953-00344166 eighteenth-century recipes served in
yUScRDiK6GU-01418-00344167-00344388 seven period dining rooms three wine
yUScRDiK6GU-01419-00344389-00344600 cellar rooms and an outdoor garden the
yUScRDiK6GU-01420-00344601-00344795 Reading Terminal Market as a historic
yUScRDiK6GU-01421-00344796-00345050 food market founded in 1893 in the
yUScRDiK6GU-01422-00345051-00345233 Reading Terminal building a designated
yUScRDiK6GU-01423-00345234-00345533 National Historic Landmark the enclosed
yUScRDiK6GU-01424-00345534-00345701 market as one of the oldest and largest
yUScRDiK6GU-01425-00345702-00345935 markets in the country hosting over a
yUScRDiK6GU-01426-00345936-00346140 hundred merchants offering Pennsylvania
yUScRDiK6GU-01427-00346141-00346341 Dutch specialties artisan cheese and
yUScRDiK6GU-01428-00346342-00346520 meat locally grown groceries and
yUScRDiK6GU-01429-00346521-00346839 specialty and ethnic foods topics sports
yUScRDiK6GU-01430-00346840-00347051 Philadelphia's first professional sports
yUScRDiK6GU-01431-00347052-00347285 team was baseball's athletics organized
yUScRDiK6GU-01432-00347286-00347627 in 1860 the Athletics were initially an
yUScRDiK6GU-01433-00347628-00347769 amateur league team that turned
yUScRDiK6GU-01434-00347770-00348045 professional in 1871 and then became a
yUScRDiK6GU-01435-00348046-00348230 founding team of the current National
yUScRDiK6GU-01436-00348231-00348645 League in 1876 the city is one of 13 US
yUScRDiK6GU-01437-00348646-00348851 cities to have teams in all four major
yUScRDiK6GU-01438-00348852-00349052 league sports the Philadelphia Phillies
yUScRDiK6GU-01439-00349053-00349239 in the National League of major league
yUScRDiK6GU-01440-00349240-00349470 baseball the Philadelphia Eagles of the
yUScRDiK6GU-01441-00349471-00349614 National Football League
yUScRDiK6GU-01442-00349615-00349802 Philadelphia Flyers of the National
yUScRDiK6GU-01443-00349803-00350051 Hockey League and the Philadelphia 76ers
yUScRDiK6GU-01444-00350052-00350282 of the National Basketball Association
yUScRDiK6GU-01445-00350283-00350571 the Phillies formed in 1883 as the
yUScRDiK6GU-01446-00350572-00350826 Quakers and renamed in 1884 are the
yUScRDiK6GU-01447-00350827-00351026 oldest team continuously playing under
yUScRDiK6GU-01448-00351027-00351203 the same name in the same city in the
yUScRDiK6GU-01449-00351204-00351380 history of American professional sports
yUScRDiK6GU-01450-00351381-00351639 the philadelphia metro area is also home
yUScRDiK6GU-01451-00351640-00351825 to the Philadelphia Union of Major
yUScRDiK6GU-01452-00351826-00352092 League Soccer the Union began playing
yUScRDiK6GU-01453-00352093-00352307 their home games at talen Energy Stadium
yUScRDiK6GU-01454-00352308-00352569 in 2010 a soccer-specific Stadium in
yUScRDiK6GU-01455-00352570-00352815 Chester Pennsylvania the city's
yUScRDiK6GU-01456-00352816-00352979 professional teams and their fans
yUScRDiK6GU-01457-00352980-00353183 endured 25 years without a championship
yUScRDiK6GU-01458-00353184-00353562 from the 76ers 1983 NBA Finals when
yUScRDiK6GU-01459-00353563-00353826 until the Phillies 2008 World Series win
yUScRDiK6GU-01460-00353827-00354104 the lack of championships was sometimes
yUScRDiK6GU-01461-00354105-00354308 attributed in jest to the curse of Billy
yUScRDiK6GU-01462-00354309-00354530 Penn after one Liberty place became the
yUScRDiK6GU-01463-00354531-00354710 first building to surpass the height of
yUScRDiK6GU-01464-00354711-00354912 the William Penn statue on top of City
yUScRDiK6GU-01465-00354913-00355232 Hall's tower in 1987 after ten years
yUScRDiK6GU-01466-00355233-00355454 passed without another championship the
yUScRDiK6GU-01467-00355455-00355641 Eagles won their first Super Bowl in
yUScRDiK6GU-01468-00355642-00356100 2018 in 2004 ESPN placed Philadelphia
yUScRDiK6GU-01469-00356101-00356349 2nd on its list of the 15 most tortured
yUScRDiK6GU-01470-00356350-00356625 sports cities fans of the Eagles and
yUScRDiK6GU-01471-00356626-00356777 Phillies were singled out as the worst
yUScRDiK6GU-01472-00356778-00357024 fans in the country by GQ magazine in
yUScRDiK6GU-01473-00357025-00357305 2011 which used the subtitle of meanest
yUScRDiK6GU-01474-00357306-00357602 fans in America to summarize incidents
yUScRDiK6GU-01475-00357603-00357789 of drunken behavior and a history of
yUScRDiK6GU-01476-00357790-00358017 booing major professional sports teams
yUScRDiK6GU-01477-00358018-00358226 that originated in Philadelphia but
yUScRDiK6GU-01478-00358227-00358382 which later moved to other cities
yUScRDiK6GU-01479-00358383-00358523 include the Golden State Warriors
yUScRDiK6GU-01480-00358524-00358820 basketball team in Philadelphia from
yUScRDiK6GU-01481-00358821-00359193 1946 to 1962 and the Oakland Athletics
yUScRDiK6GU-01482-00359194-00359442 baseball team originally the
yUScRDiK6GU-01483-00359443-00359810 Philadelphia Athletics from 1901 to 1954
yUScRDiK6GU-01484-00359811-00360012 a different athletics team than the one
yUScRDiK6GU-01485-00360013-00360233 mentioned above Philadelphia is home to
yUScRDiK6GU-01486-00360234-00360465 professional semi-professional and elite
yUScRDiK6GU-01487-00360466-00360666 amateur teams in cricket rugby league
yUScRDiK6GU-01488-00360667-00360972 Philadelphia fight and rugby union major
yUScRDiK6GU-01489-00360973-00361173 running events in the city include the
yUScRDiK6GU-01490-00361174-00361371 Penn Relays track and field the
yUScRDiK6GU-01491-00361372-00361553 Philadelphia Marathon and the Broad
yUScRDiK6GU-01492-00361554-00361773 Street run the Philadelphia
yUScRDiK6GU-01493-00361774-00361985 International Cycling Classic was held
yUScRDiK6GU-01494-00361986-00362327 annually from 1985 to 2016 but not in
yUScRDiK6GU-01495-00362328-00362624 2017 due to insufficient sponsorship the
yUScRDiK6GU-01496-00362625-00362882 collegiate rugby championship is played
yUScRDiK6GU-01497-00362883-00363000 every June at Tallinn
yUScRDiK6GU-01498-00363001-00363263 energy stadium in chester pennsylvania
yUScRDiK6GU-01499-00363264-00363540 rowing has been popular in philadelphia
yUScRDiK6GU-01500-00363541-00363822 since the 18th century boathouse row as
yUScRDiK6GU-01501-00363823-00364029 a symbol of Philadelphia's rich rowing
yUScRDiK6GU-01502-00364030-00364251 history and each big five member has its
yUScRDiK6GU-01503-00364252-00364521 own boathouse Philadelphia hosts
yUScRDiK6GU-01504-00364522-00364725 numerous local and collegiate rowing
yUScRDiK6GU-01505-00364726-00364932 clubs and competitions including the
yUScRDiK6GU-01506-00364933-00365136 annual dad Vail regatta which is the
yUScRDiK6GU-01507-00365137-00365340 largest Intercollegiate rowing event in
yUScRDiK6GU-01508-00365341-00365601 North America with more than 100 US and
yUScRDiK6GU-01509-00365602-00365793 Canadian colleges and universities
yUScRDiK6GU-01510-00365794-00366006 participating the annual stoats Murray
yUScRDiK6GU-01511-00366007-00366090 Cup Regatta
yUScRDiK6GU-01512-00366091-00366261 which is billed as the world's oldest
yUScRDiK6GU-01513-00366262-00366453 and largest rowing event for high school
yUScRDiK6GU-01514-00366454-00366612 students and the head of the Schuylkill
yUScRDiK6GU-01515-00366613-00366852 regatta the regattas are held on the
yUScRDiK6GU-01516-00366853-00367026 Schuylkill River and organized by the
yUScRDiK6GU-01517-00367027-00367263 Schuylkill Navy an association of area
yUScRDiK6GU-01518-00367264-00367449 rowing clubs that has produced numerous
yUScRDiK6GU-01519-00367450-00367698 Olympic rowers the Philadelphia spinners
yUScRDiK6GU-01520-00367699-00367872 were a professional ultimate team in
yUScRDiK6GU-01521-00367873-00368274 Major League ultimate mlu until 2016 the
yUScRDiK6GU-01522-00368275-00368445 spinners were one of the original eight
yUScRDiK6GU-01523-00368446-00368628 teams of the American ultimate disc
yUScRDiK6GU-01524-00368629-00368976 league a udl that began in 2012 they
yUScRDiK6GU-01525-00368977-00369150 played at Franklin Field and won the
yUScRDiK6GU-01526-00369151-00369375 inaugural a udl championship and the
yUScRDiK6GU-01527-00369376-00369783 final mlu championship in 2016 the mlu
yUScRDiK6GU-01528-00369784-00369960 was suspended indefinitely by its
yUScRDiK6GU-01529-00369961-00370359 investors in December 2016 as of 2018
yUScRDiK6GU-01530-00370360-00370566 the Philadelphia Phoenix continued to
yUScRDiK6GU-01531-00370567-00370788 play in the a udl Philadelphia is home
yUScRDiK6GU-01532-00370789-00370998 to the Philadelphia big five a group of
yUScRDiK6GU-01533-00370999-00371220 five NCAA Division one college
yUScRDiK6GU-01534-00371221-00371511 basketball programs the big five are
yUScRDiK6GU-01535-00371512-00371802 LaSalle Penn st. Joseph's temple and
yUScRDiK6GU-01536-00371803-00372066 Villanova universities the sixth
yUScRDiK6GU-01537-00372067-00372279 n-c-double-a division one school in
yUScRDiK6GU-01538-00372280-00372521 Philadelphia as Drexel University
yUScRDiK6GU-01539-00372522-00372831 Villanova won the 2016 and the 2018
yUScRDiK6GU-01540-00372832-00373095 championship of the NCAA Division one
yUScRDiK6GU-01541-00373096-00373557 Men's Basketball Tournament
yUScRDiK6GU-01542-00373558-00374061 topic parks
yUScRDiK6GU-01543-00374062-00374376 as of 2014 the total City parkland
yUScRDiK6GU-01544-00374377-00374598 including municipal state and federal
yUScRDiK6GU-01545-00374599-00374808 parks within the city limits amounts to
yUScRDiK6GU-01546-00374809-00375050 eleven thousand two hundred eleven acres
yUScRDiK6GU-01547-00375051-00375284 17.5 square miles
yUScRDiK6GU-01548-00375285-00375540 Philadelphia's largest park is Fairmount
yUScRDiK6GU-01549-00375541-00375741 Park which includes the Philadelphia Zoo
yUScRDiK6GU-01550-00375742-00375972 and encompasses two thousand fifty two
yUScRDiK6GU-01551-00375973-00376245 acres 3.2 square miles of the total
yUScRDiK6GU-01552-00376246-00376422 parkland while the adjacent Wissahickon
yUScRDiK6GU-01553-00376423-00376677 Valley Park contains two thousand 42
yUScRDiK6GU-01554-00376678-00377028 acres 3.2 square miles Fairmount Park
yUScRDiK6GU-01555-00377029-00377214 when combined with Wissahickon Valley
yUScRDiK6GU-01556-00377215-00377412 Park is one of the largest contiguous
yUScRDiK6GU-01557-00377413-00377640 urban park areas in the United States
yUScRDiK6GU-01558-00377641-00377925 the two parks along with the Colonial
yUScRDiK6GU-01559-00377926-00378099 Revival Georgian and federal-style
yUScRDiK6GU-01560-00378100-00378291 mansions contained in them have been
yUScRDiK6GU-01561-00378292-00378483 listed as one entity on the National
yUScRDiK6GU-01562-00378484-00379086 Register of Historic Places since 1972
yUScRDiK6GU-01563-00379087-00379701 topic law and government from a
yUScRDiK6GU-01564-00379702-00379902 governmental perspective Philadelphia
yUScRDiK6GU-01565-00379903-00380133 County as a legal nullity as all county
yUScRDiK6GU-01566-00380134-00380298 functions were assumed by the city in
yUScRDiK6GU-01567-00380299-00380634 1952 the city has been coterminous with
yUScRDiK6GU-01568-00380635-00380996 the county since 1854 Philadelphia's
yUScRDiK6GU-01569-00380997-00381261 1952 Home Rule Charter was written by
yUScRDiK6GU-01570-00381262-00381435 the city charter Commission which was
yUScRDiK6GU-01571-00381436-00381606 created by the Pennsylvania General
yUScRDiK6GU-01572-00381607-00381960 Assembly in an act of April 21st 1949
yUScRDiK6GU-01573-00381961-00382371 and a city ordinance of June 15 1949 the
yUScRDiK6GU-01574-00382372-00382566 existing City Council received a
yUScRDiK6GU-01575-00382567-00382920 proposed draft On February 14 1951 and
yUScRDiK6GU-01576-00382921-00383091 the electors approved it in an election
yUScRDiK6GU-01577-00383092-00383511 held April 17 1951 the first elections
yUScRDiK6GU-01578-00383512-00383679 under the new Home Rule Charter were
yUScRDiK6GU-01579-00383680-00383943 held in November 1951 and the newly
yUScRDiK6GU-01580-00383944-00384167 elected officials took office in January
yUScRDiK6GU-01581-00384168-00384453 1952 the city uses the strong mayor
yUScRDiK6GU-01582-00384454-00384642 version of the mayor council form of
yUScRDiK6GU-01583-00384643-00384837 government which is led by one mayor in
yUScRDiK6GU-01584-00384838-00385032 whom executive authority is vested the
yUScRDiK6GU-01585-00385033-00385296 mayor has the authority to appoint and
yUScRDiK6GU-01586-00385297-00385467 dismiss members of all boards and
yUScRDiK6GU-01587-00385468-00385617 commissions without the approval of the
yUScRDiK6GU-01588-00385618-00385878 City Council elected at-large
yUScRDiK6GU-01589-00385879-00386046 the mayor is limited to two consecutive
yUScRDiK6GU-01590-00386047-00386271 four-year terms but can run for the
yUScRDiK6GU-01591-00386272-00386744 position again after an intervening term
yUScRDiK6GU-01592-00386745-00387220 topic courts
yUScRDiK6GU-01593-00387221-00387454 the Philadelphia County Court of Common
yUScRDiK6GU-01594-00387455-00387679 Pleas the first Judicial District of
yUScRDiK6GU-01595-00387680-00387868 Pennsylvania is the trial court of
yUScRDiK6GU-01596-00387869-00388030 general jurisdiction for the city
yUScRDiK6GU-01597-00388031-00388255 hearing felony level criminal cases and
yUScRDiK6GU-01598-00388256-00388410 civil suits above the minimum
yUScRDiK6GU-01599-00388411-00388729 jurisdictional limit of $10,000 the
yUScRDiK6GU-01600-00388730-00388882 court also has appellate jurisdiction
yUScRDiK6GU-01601-00388883-00389107 over rulings from the municipal and
yUScRDiK6GU-01602-00389108-00389307 traffic courts and some administrative
yUScRDiK6GU-01603-00389308-00389569 agencies and boards the trial division
yUScRDiK6GU-01604-00389570-00389788 has seventy commissioned judges elected
yUScRDiK6GU-01605-00389789-00390025 by the voters along with about 1000
yUScRDiK6GU-01606-00390026-00390292 other employees the court also has a
yUScRDiK6GU-01607-00390293-00390547 Family Division with 25 judges in an
yUScRDiK6GU-01608-00390548-00390751 orphans Court with three judges as of
yUScRDiK6GU-01609-00390752-00390997 2018 the city's district attorney is
yUScRDiK6GU-01610-00390998-00391282 Larry Krassner a Democrat the last
yUScRDiK6GU-01611-00391283-00391501 Republican to hold the office has Ronald
yUScRDiK6GU-01612-00391502-00391782 D Castile who left in 1991 and later
yUScRDiK6GU-01613-00391783-00391954 served as the Chief Justice of the
yUScRDiK6GU-01614-00391955-00392221 Pennsylvania Supreme Court from 2008 to
yUScRDiK6GU-01615-00392222-00392488 2014 the Philadelphia Municipal Court
yUScRDiK6GU-01616-00392489-00392704 handles misdemeanor and felony criminal
yUScRDiK6GU-01617-00392705-00392947 cases with maximum incarceration of five
yUScRDiK6GU-01618-00392948-00393256 years and civil cases involving $12,000
yUScRDiK6GU-01619-00393257-00393532 or less $15,000 in real estate and
yUScRDiK6GU-01620-00393533-00393745 school tax cases and all landlord tenant
yUScRDiK6GU-01621-00393746-00394096 disputes the Municipal Court has 27
yUScRDiK6GU-01622-00394097-00394243 judges elected by the voters
yUScRDiK6GU-01623-00394244-00394465 Philadelphia traffic court is a court of
yUScRDiK6GU-01624-00394466-00394621 special jurisdiction that hears
yUScRDiK6GU-01625-00394622-00394900 violations of traffic laws as with
yUScRDiK6GU-01626-00394901-00395137 Magisterial District judges the judges
yUScRDiK6GU-01627-00395138-00395341 need not be lawyers but must complete
yUScRDiK6GU-01628-00395342-00395524 the certifying course and pass the
yUScRDiK6GU-01629-00395525-00395743 qualifying examination administered by
yUScRDiK6GU-01630-00395744-00395947 the minor judiciary Education Board
yUScRDiK6GU-01631-00395948-00396154 Pennsylvania's three appellate courts
yUScRDiK6GU-01632-00396155-00396418 also have sittings in Philadelphia the
yUScRDiK6GU-01633-00396419-00396640 Supreme Court of Pennsylvania the court
yUScRDiK6GU-01634-00396641-00396841 of last resort in the state regularly
yUScRDiK6GU-01635-00396842-00397032 hears arguments in Philadelphia City
yUScRDiK6GU-01636-00397033-00397279 Hall the Superior Court of Pennsylvania
yUScRDiK6GU-01637-00397280-00397462 in the Commonwealth Court of
yUScRDiK6GU-01638-00397463-00397681 Pennsylvania also sit in Philadelphia
yUScRDiK6GU-01639-00397682-00397815 several times a year
yUScRDiK6GU-01640-00397816-00398041 judges for these courts are elected
yUScRDiK6GU-01641-00398042-00398272 at-large the state Supreme Court and
yUScRDiK6GU-01642-00398273-00398482 Superior Court have deputy prothonotary
yUScRDiK6GU-01643-00398483-00398733 offices in Philadelphia additionally
yUScRDiK6GU-01644-00398734-00398920 Philadelphia is home to the federal
yUScRDiK6GU-01645-00398921-00399100 United States District Court for the
yUScRDiK6GU-01646-00399101-00399301 Eastern District of Pennsylvania and the
yUScRDiK6GU-01647-00399302-00399475 Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit
yUScRDiK6GU-01648-00399476-00399652 both of which are housed in the James a
yUScRDiK6GU-01649-00399653-00400106 Byrne United States courthouse
yUScRDiK6GU-01650-00400107-00400595 topic politics
yUScRDiK6GU-01651-00400596-00400829 the current mayor is Jim Kenny who won
yUScRDiK6GU-01652-00400830-00401051 the election in November 2015
yUScRDiK6GU-01653-00401052-00401297 Kenny's predecessor was Michael mutter
yUScRDiK6GU-01654-00401298-00401540 who had served two terms from 2009 to
yUScRDiK6GU-01655-00401541-00401888 January 2016 Kenny is a member of the
yUScRDiK6GU-01656-00401889-00402101 Democratic Party as all Philadelphia
yUScRDiK6GU-01657-00402102-00402364 mayor's have been since 1952
yUScRDiK6GU-01658-00402365-00402583 Philadelphia City Council is the
yUScRDiK6GU-01659-00402584-00402815 legislative branch which consists of ten
yUScRDiK6GU-01660-00402816-00403028 council members representing individual
yUScRDiK6GU-01661-00403029-00403220 districts and seven members elected
yUScRDiK6GU-01662-00403221-00403403 at-large all of whom are elected to
yUScRDiK6GU-01663-00403404-00403528 four-year terms
yUScRDiK6GU-01664-00403529-00403799 Democrats currently hold 14 seats
yUScRDiK6GU-01665-00403800-00403997 including nine of the 10 districts and
yUScRDiK6GU-01666-00403998-00404201 five at-large seats while Republicans
yUScRDiK6GU-01667-00404202-00404405 hold two at-large seats in the northeast
yUScRDiK6GU-01668-00404406-00404669 based 10th district the current council
yUScRDiK6GU-01669-00404670-00404891 president as Darryl L Clark as of
yUScRDiK6GU-01670-00404892-00405182 December 31st 2016 there were 1 million
yUScRDiK6GU-01671-00405183-00405539 100 2,620 registered voters in
yUScRDiK6GU-01672-00405540-00405782 Philadelphia registered voters
yUScRDiK6GU-01673-00405783-00406052 constitute 70.3 percent of the total
yUScRDiK6GU-01674-00406053-00406703 population Democratic 850 3,140 77.4
yUScRDiK6GU-01675-00406704-00407362 percent Republican 125,000 530 11.4%
yUScRDiK6GU-01676-00407363-00407738 other parties and unaffiliated 123
yUScRDiK6GU-01677-00407739-00408128 thousand 950 11.2% Philadelphia was a
yUScRDiK6GU-01678-00408129-00408332 bastion of the Republican Party from the
yUScRDiK6GU-01679-00408333-00408585 American Civil War until the mid 1930s
yUScRDiK6GU-01680-00408586-00408866 the city hosted the first republican
yUScRDiK6GU-01681-00408867-00409250 national convention in 1856 democratic
yUScRDiK6GU-01682-00409251-00409451 registrations increased after the Great
yUScRDiK6GU-01683-00409452-00409510 Depression
yUScRDiK6GU-01684-00409511-00409703 however the city was not carried by
yUScRDiK6GU-01685-00409704-00409907 Democrat Franklin D Roosevelt in his
yUScRDiK6GU-01686-00409908-00410162 landslide victory of 1932 as
yUScRDiK6GU-01687-00410163-00410363 Pennsylvania was one of only six states
yUScRDiK6GU-01688-00410364-00410642 won by Republican Herbert Hoover voter
yUScRDiK6GU-01689-00410643-00410999 turnout surged from 600,000 in 1932 to
yUScRDiK6GU-01690-00411000-00411341 nearly 900,000 in 1936 and Roosevelt
yUScRDiK6GU-01691-00411342-00411587 carried Philadelphia with over 60% of
yUScRDiK6GU-01692-00411588-00411857 the vote the city has voted Democratic
yUScRDiK6GU-01693-00411858-00412063 in every presidential election since
yUScRDiK6GU-01694-00412064-00412532 1936 in 2008 Democrat Barack Obama drew
yUScRDiK6GU-01695-00412533-00412895 83% of the city's vote Obama's win was
yUScRDiK6GU-01696-00412896-00413218 even greater in 2012 capturing 85% of
yUScRDiK6GU-01697-00413220-00413528 the vote in 2016 Democrat Hillary
yUScRDiK6GU-01698-00413529-00413780 Clinton won 82 percent of the vote as a
yUScRDiK6GU-01699-00413781-00413984 result of the declining population
yUScRDiK6GU-01700-00413985-00414191 in the city and state philadelphia has
yUScRDiK6GU-01701-00414192-00414380 only three congressional districts of
yUScRDiK6GU-01702-00414381-00414599 the 18 districts in Pennsylvania based
yUScRDiK6GU-01703-00414600-00414827 on the 2010 census apportionment the
yUScRDiK6GU-01704-00414828-00415060 first District represented by Bob Brady
yUScRDiK6GU-01705-00415062-00415262 the second represented by Dwight Evans
yUScRDiK6GU-01706-00415263-00415481 and the thirteenth represented by
yUScRDiK6GU-01707-00415482-00415772 Brendan Boyle all three representatives
yUScRDiK6GU-01708-00415772-00415991 are Democrats the Republicans still have
yUScRDiK6GU-01709-00415992-00416189 some support in the city primarily in
yUScRDiK6GU-01710-00416189-00416489 the Northeast Sam Katz ran competitive
yUScRDiK6GU-01711-00416489-00416710 mayoral races as the Republican nominee
yUScRDiK6GU-01712-00416712-00416957 in 1999 in 2003
yUScRDiK6GU-01713-00416958-00417149 losing to Democrat John Street both
yUScRDiK6GU-01714-00417150-00417356 times Pennsylvania's longest-serving
yUScRDiK6GU-01715-00417357-00417602 senator Arlen Specter was an alumnus of
yUScRDiK6GU-01716-00417603-00417791 the University of Pennsylvania who
yUScRDiK6GU-01717-00417792-00417947 opened his first law practice in
yUScRDiK6GU-01718-00417947-00418193 Philadelphia Specter served as a
yUScRDiK6GU-01719-00418193-00418468 Republican from 1981 and as a Democrat
yUScRDiK6GU-01720-00418470-00418751 from 2009 losing that party's primary in
yUScRDiK6GU-01721-00418752-00419041 2010 and leaving office in January 2011
yUScRDiK6GU-01722-00419042-00419324 he had also been assistant counsel on
yUScRDiK6GU-01723-00419325-00419582 the Warren Commission in 1964 in the
yUScRDiK6GU-01724-00419583-00419866 city's district attorney from 1966 to
yUScRDiK6GU-01725-00419867-00420146 1974 Philadelphia has hosted various
yUScRDiK6GU-01726-00420147-00420437 national conventions including in 1848
yUScRDiK6GU-01727-00420438-00420902 Whig 1856 Republican 1872 Republican
yUScRDiK6GU-01728-00420903-00421367 1900 Republican 1936 democratic 1940
yUScRDiK6GU-01729-00421368-00421742 Republican 1948 Republican 1948
yUScRDiK6GU-01730-00421743-00422066 progressive 2000 Republican and 2016
yUScRDiK6GU-01731-00422067-00422360 Democratic Philadelphia has been home to
yUScRDiK6GU-01732-00422360-00422606 one vice president George M Dallas and
yUScRDiK6GU-01733-00422607-00422870 one Civil War General George B McClellan
yUScRDiK6GU-01734-00422871-00423035 who won his party's nomination for
yUScRDiK6GU-01735-00423035-00423200 president but lost in the general
yUScRDiK6GU-01736-00423201-00423759 election to Abraham Lincoln in 1864
yUScRDiK6GU-01737-00423760-00424224 topic crime
yUScRDiK6GU-01738-00424225-00424439 the police districts with the highest
yUScRDiK6GU-01739-00424441-00424620 rates of violent crime are Frankford
yUScRDiK6GU-01740-00424621-00424872 15th district in Kensington 24th
yUScRDiK6GU-01741-00424872-00425049 district in the near northeast and
yUScRDiK6GU-01742-00425050-00425318 districts to the north 22nd 25th and
yUScRDiK6GU-01743-00425320-00425597 35th districts West 19th district and
yUScRDiK6GU-01744-00425599-00425822 Southwest 12th district of Center City
yUScRDiK6GU-01745-00425824-00426297 Philadelphia had 525 murders in 1990 a
yUScRDiK6GU-01746-00426297-00426710 rate of 31.5 per 100,000 an average of
yUScRDiK6GU-01747-00426712-00426957 about 600 murders occurred each year for
yUScRDiK6GU-01748-00426958-00427242 most of the 1990s the murder count
yUScRDiK6GU-01749-00427243-00427674 dropped in 2002 to 288 then rose to 406
yUScRDiK6GU-01750-00427675-00428025 by 2006 before dropping slightly to 392
yUScRDiK6GU-01751-00428026-00428406 in 2007 a few years later Philadelphia
yUScRDiK6GU-01752-00428407-00428559 began to see a rapid decline in
yUScRDiK6GU-01753-00428560-00428934 homicides and violent crime in 2013 the
yUScRDiK6GU-01754-00428935-00429243 city had 246 murders which is a decrease
yUScRDiK6GU-01755-00429243-00429693 of nearly 40 percent since 2006 in 2014
yUScRDiK6GU-01756-00429693-00429924 248 homicides were committed the
yUScRDiK6GU-01757-00429925-00430308 homicide rate rose to 280 in 2015 then
yUScRDiK6GU-01758-00430309-00430662 fell slightly to 277 in 2016 before
yUScRDiK6GU-01759-00430663-00431114 rising again to 317 in 2017 in 2006
yUScRDiK6GU-01760-00431116-00431328 Philadelphia's homicide rate of twenty
yUScRDiK6GU-01761-00431329-00431597 seven point seven per 100,000 people was
yUScRDiK6GU-01762-00431599-00431766 the highest of the country's ten most
yUScRDiK6GU-01763-00431767-00432126 populous cities in 2012 Philadelphia had
yUScRDiK6GU-01764-00432127-00432321 the fourth highest homicide rate among
yUScRDiK6GU-01765-00432322-00432588 the country's most populous cities the
yUScRDiK6GU-01766-00432589-00432893 rate dropped to 16 homicides per 100,000
yUScRDiK6GU-01767-00432895-00433172 residents by 2014 placing Philadelphia
yUScRDiK6GU-01768-00433174-00433380 as the sixth highest city in the country
yUScRDiK6GU-01769-00433381-00433917 in 2004 there were 7,500 13.5 crimes per
yUScRDiK6GU-01770-00433918-00434247 200,000 people in Philadelphia among its
yUScRDiK6GU-01771-00434247-00434435 neighboring mid-atlantic cities in the
yUScRDiK6GU-01772-00434437-00434649 same population group Baltimore and
yUScRDiK6GU-01773-00434650-00434883 Washington DC were ranked 2nd and 3rd
yUScRDiK6GU-01774-00434884-00435068 most dangerous cities in the United
yUScRDiK6GU-01775-00435070-00435384 States respectively Camden New Jersey a
yUScRDiK6GU-01776-00435385-00435576 city directly across the Delaware River
yUScRDiK6GU-01777-00435577-00435795 from Center City was ranked as the most
yUScRDiK6GU-01778-00435796-00436014 dangerous city in the United States the
yUScRDiK6GU-01779-00436014-00436176 number of shootings in the city has
yUScRDiK6GU-01780-00436177-00436371 declined significantly since the early
yUScRDiK6GU-01781-00436372-00436656 years of the 21st century shooting
yUScRDiK6GU-01782-00436657-00437091 incidents peaked at 1857 in 2006 before
yUScRDiK6GU-01783-00437092-00437424 declining nearly 44 percent to 1047
yUScRDiK6GU-01784-00437425-00437595 shootings in 2014
yUScRDiK6GU-01785-00437596-00437823 major crimes have decreased gradually
yUScRDiK6GU-01786-00437824-00438258 since a peak in 2006 when eighty 5498
yUScRDiK6GU-01787-00438259-00438543 major crimes were reported the number of
yUScRDiK6GU-01788-00438544-00438829 reported major crimes fell 11% in three
yUScRDiK6GU-01789-00438830-00438996 years to sixty eight thousand eight
yUScRDiK6GU-01790-00438997-00439262 hundred fifteen occurrences in 2014
yUScRDiK6GU-01791-00439263-00439531 violent crimes which include homicide
yUScRDiK6GU-01792-00439532-00439735 rape aggravated assault and robbery
yUScRDiK6GU-01793-00439735-00440004 decreased 14 percent in three years to
yUScRDiK6GU-01794-00440005-00440152 fifteen thousand seven hundred
yUScRDiK6GU-01795-00440153-00440412 seventy-one occurrences in 2014
yUScRDiK6GU-01796-00440413-00440662 Philadelphia was ranked as the 76th most
yUScRDiK6GU-01797-00440663-00440929 dangerous city in a 2018 report based on
yUScRDiK6GU-01798-00440930-00441195 FBI data from 2016 for the rate of
yUScRDiK6GU-01799-00441196-00441414 violent crimes per 1000 residents in
yUScRDiK6GU-01800-00441415-00441652 American cities with 25,000 or more
yUScRDiK6GU-01801-00441653-00441964 people the latest for years of reports
yUScRDiK6GU-01802-00441964-00442173 indicate a steady reduction in violent
yUScRDiK6GU-01803-00442174-00442414 crime as the city placed 67th in the
yUScRDiK6GU-01804-00442414-00442839 2017 report 65th in 2016 and 54th in
yUScRDiK6GU-01805-00442840-00443191 2015 in 2014 Philadelphia decriminalized
yUScRDiK6GU-01806-00443192-00443406 small amounts of marijuana reducing
yUScRDiK6GU-01807-00443407-00443610 penalties for possession and public use
yUScRDiK6GU-01808-00443611-00443808 two minor fines and community service
yUScRDiK6GU-01809-00443809-00444096 the move makes Philadelphia the largest
yUScRDiK6GU-01810-00444097-00444250 city in the United States to
yUScRDiK6GU-01811-00444251-00444562 decriminalize pot topic media topic
yUScRDiK6GU-01812-00444563-00444750 newspapers Philadelphia's two major
yUScRDiK6GU-01813-00444751-00444960 daily newspapers are the Philadelphia
yUScRDiK6GU-01814-00444961-00445260 Enquirer first published in 1829 the
yUScRDiK6GU-01815-00445261-00445452 third oldest surviving daily newspaper
yUScRDiK6GU-01816-00445453-00445600 in the country and the Philadelphia
yUScRDiK6GU-01817-00445601-00445998 Daily News first published in 1925 the
yUScRDiK6GU-01818-00445999-00446175 Daily News has been published as an
yUScRDiK6GU-01819-00446176-00446429 edition of The Enquirer since 2009
yUScRDiK6GU-01820-00446430-00446697 recent owners of the Inquirer and Daily
yUScRDiK6GU-01821-00446698-00446860 News have included Knight Ridder
yUScRDiK6GU-01822-00446860-00447027 the McClatchy company in Philadelphia
yUScRDiK6GU-01823-00447028-00447222 Media Holdings with the latter
yUScRDiK6GU-01824-00447223-00447433 organization declaring bankruptcy in
yUScRDiK6GU-01825-00447434-00447733 2010 after two years of financial
yUScRDiK6GU-01826-00447734-00447910 struggle the newspapers were sold to
yUScRDiK6GU-01827-00447910-00448248 interstate general media in 2012 the two
yUScRDiK6GU-01828-00448249-00448437 newspapers had a combined daily
yUScRDiK6GU-01829-00448438-00448839 circulation of 300 6,831 and a Sunday
yUScRDiK6GU-01830-00448840-00449341 circulation of 400 77,000 313 in 2013
yUScRDiK6GU-01831-00449342-00449560 the 18th largest circulation in the
yUScRDiK6GU-01832-00449560-00449706 country while the website of the
yUScRDiK6GU-01833-00449707-00449979 newspapers philly.com was ranked 13th in
yUScRDiK6GU-01834-00449980-00450264 popularity among online US newspapers by
yUScRDiK6GU-01835-00450265-00450487 Alexa Internet for the same year smaller
yUScRDiK6GU-01836-00450488-00450691 publications include the Philadelphia
yUScRDiK6GU-01837-00450692-00450929 Tribune published 5 days each week for
yUScRDiK6GU-01838-00450930-00451154 african-american community Philadelphia
yUScRDiK6GU-01839-00451155-00451351 magazine a monthly regional magazine
yUScRDiK6GU-01840-00451352-00451631 Philadelphia weekly a weekly alternative
yUScRDiK6GU-01841-00451632-00451901 newspaper Philadelphia gay news a weekly
yUScRDiK6GU-01842-00451902-00452153 newspaper for the LGBT community the
yUScRDiK6GU-01843-00452154-00452405 Jewish exponent a weekly newspaper for
yUScRDiK6GU-01844-00452406-00452630 the Jewish community aldea a weekly
yUScRDiK6GU-01845-00452631-00452837 newspaper for the Latino community in
yUScRDiK6GU-01846-00452838-00453053 Philadelphia Metro a free daily
yUScRDiK6GU-01847-00453054-00453299 newspaper student-run newspapers include
yUScRDiK6GU-01848-00453300-00453491 the University of Pennsylvania's the
yUScRDiK6GU-01849-00453492-00453728 daily Pennsylvanian Temple University's
yUScRDiK6GU-01850-00453729-00453956 the temple news and Drexel University's
yUScRDiK6GU-01851-00453957-00454226 the triangle topic radio the first
yUScRDiK6GU-01852-00454227-00454472 experimental radio license was issued in
yUScRDiK6GU-01853-00454472-00454724 Philadelphia in August 1912 to st.
yUScRDiK6GU-01854-00454725-00455021 Joseph's College the first commercial AM
yUScRDiK6GU-01855-00455022-00455247 radio stations began broadcasting in
yUScRDiK6GU-01856-00455249-00455480 1922 first WIP
yUScRDiK6GU-01857-00455481-00455684 then owned by Gimbels department store
yUScRDiK6GU-01858-00455685-00455933 followed by WF il then owned by
yUScRDiK6GU-01859-00455934-00456116 Strawbridge and clothier department
yUScRDiK6GU-01860-00456117-00456347 store and woo a defunct station owned by
yUScRDiK6GU-01861-00456347-00456563 Wanamaker's department store as well as
yUScRDiK6GU-01862-00456564-00457067 WCAU and WDAS as of 2018 the sec lists
yUScRDiK6GU-01863-00457068-00457325 28 FM and 11 a.m. stations for
yUScRDiK6GU-01864-00457326-00457700 Philadelphia as of December 2017 the ten
yUScRDiK6GU-01865-00457701-00457913 highest-rated stations in Philadelphia
yUScRDiK6GU-01866-00457914-00458321 were adult contemporary WBE BFM 101.1
yUScRDiK6GU-01867-00458322-00458804 sports talk wi p FM 94.1 classic rock w
yUScRDiK6GU-01868-00458805-00459222 mg k FM 102.9 urban adult contemporary
yUScRDiK6GU-01869-00459224-00459776 WDAS FM 105.3 classic hits w OG l FM
yUScRDiK6GU-01870-00459777-00460318 98.1 album-oriented rock WMMR FM 93.3
yUScRDiK6GU-01871-00460320-00460760 country music WX t u FM 92.5 all news
yUScRDiK6GU-01872-00460760-00461351 KYW a.m. 1060 talk radio WHYY FM 90.9 an
yUScRDiK6GU-01873-00461352-00461818 urban adult contemporary wrn b FM 100.3
yUScRDiK6GU-01874-00461818-00461992 philadelphia is served by three
yUScRDiK6GU-01875-00461993-00462230 non-commercial public radio stations
yUScRDiK6GU-01876-00462231-00462739 WHYY FM NPR w RTI FM classical and jazz
yUScRDiK6GU-01877-00462741-00463370 and WX p n FM adult alternative music
yUScRDiK6GU-01878-00463371-00463866 topic television
yUScRDiK6GU-01879-00463867-00464164 in the 1930s the Experimental Station
yUScRDiK6GU-01880-00464166-00464478 w3x II owned by Philco became the first
yUScRDiK6GU-01881-00464479-00464757 television station in Philadelphia the
yUScRDiK6GU-01882-00464758-00465024 station became NBC's first affiliate in
yUScRDiK6GU-01883-00465025-00465426 1939 and later became kyw-tv currently a
yUScRDiK6GU-01884-00465427-00466053 CBS affiliate WCAU TV w fil TV and WHYY
yUScRDiK6GU-01885-00466054-00466521 TV were all founded by the 1960s in 1952
yUScRDiK6GU-01886-00466522-00466881 w fil renamed WPVI premiered the
yUScRDiK6GU-01887-00466882-00467039 television show Bandstand
yUScRDiK6GU-01888-00467041-00467199 which later became the nationally
yUScRDiK6GU-01889-00467200-00467439 broadcast American Bandstand hosted by
yUScRDiK6GU-01890-00467439-00467643 Dick Clark each commercial network has
yUScRDiK6GU-01891-00467643-00467820 an affiliate and call letters have been
yUScRDiK6GU-01892-00467821-00468006 replaced by corporate branding for
yUScRDiK6GU-01893-00468007-00468117 promotional purposes
yUScRDiK6GU-01894-00468118-00468837 CBS 3:6 ABC NBC 10 p HL 17 Fox 29 the CW
yUScRDiK6GU-01895-00468838-00469160 Philly 57 UNIMAS Philadelphia Telemundo
yUScRDiK6GU-01896-00469162-00469563 62 and Univision 65 the region is served
yUScRDiK6GU-01897-00469564-00469833 also by public broadcasting stations W
yUScRDiK6GU-01898-00469834-00470307 PPT TV Philadelphia WHYY TV Wilmington
yUScRDiK6GU-01899-00470308-00470607 Delaware and Philadelphia wlv t TV
yUScRDiK6GU-01900-00470608-00470943 Lehigh Valley and NJTV New Jersey
yUScRDiK6GU-01901-00470943-00471110 Philadelphia has owned and operated
yUScRDiK6GU-01902-00471112-00471306 stations for all five major
yUScRDiK6GU-01903-00471307-00471588 english-language broadcast networks NBC
yUScRDiK6GU-01904-00471589-00472416 WCAU TV CBS kyw-tv ABC WPVI TV Fox WT X
yUScRDiK6GU-01905-00472417-00472788 F TV and the CW WPS GTV
yUScRDiK6GU-01906-00472789-00473060 the major Spanish language networks are
yUScRDiK6GU-01907-00473062-00473543 Univision wuv PDT una mas WFP ACD and
yUScRDiK6GU-01908-00473545-00473991 Telemundo W WSI TV as of 2018 the city
yUScRDiK6GU-01909-00473992-00474210 is the nation's fourth largest consumer
yUScRDiK6GU-01910-00474210-00474426 in media market as ranked by the Nielsen
yUScRDiK6GU-01911-00474427-00474647 Media Research firm with nearly 2.9
yUScRDiK6GU-01912-00474649-00475174 million TV households
yUScRDiK6GU-01913-00475175-00475643 topic infrastructure
yUScRDiK6GU-01914-00475644-00476285 topic transportation Philadelphia is
yUScRDiK6GU-01915-00476286-00476495 served by the southeastern Pennsylvania
yUScRDiK6GU-01916-00476496-00476712 Transportation Authority septa which
yUScRDiK6GU-01917-00476713-00476952 operates buses trains Rapid Transit
yUScRDiK6GU-01918-00476953-00477216 subway and elevated trains trolleys and
yUScRDiK6GU-01919-00477217-00477398 trackless trolleys electric buses
yUScRDiK6GU-01920-00477399-00477581 throughout Philadelphia the for
yUScRDiK6GU-01921-00477582-00477797 Pennsylvania suburban counties of Bucks
yUScRDiK6GU-01922-00477798-00478035 Chester Delaware and Montgomery in
yUScRDiK6GU-01923-00478035-00478250 addition to service to Mercer County New
yUScRDiK6GU-01924-00478251-00478448 Jersey Trenton and New Castle County
yUScRDiK6GU-01925-00478449-00478679 Delaware Wilmington and Newark Delaware
yUScRDiK6GU-01926-00478680-00478973 the city's subway system consists of two
yUScRDiK6GU-01927-00478974-00479181 routes the subway section of the market
yUScRDiK6GU-01928-00479182-00479393 Frankfort line running east-west under
yUScRDiK6GU-01929-00479394-00479625 Market Street which opened in 1905 to
yUScRDiK6GU-01930-00479626-00479885 the west and 1908 to the east of city
yUScRDiK6GU-01931-00479886-00480066 hall and the Broad Street Line running
yUScRDiK6GU-01932-00480067-00480248 north-south beneath Broad Street which
yUScRDiK6GU-01933-00480249-00480616 opened in stages from 1928 to 1938
yUScRDiK6GU-01934-00480617-00480923 beginning in the 1980s large sections of
yUScRDiK6GU-01935-00480924-00481112 the septa regional rail service to the
yUScRDiK6GU-01936-00481113-00481289 far suburbs of Philadelphia were
yUScRDiK6GU-01937-00481290-00481493 discontinued due to a lack of funding
yUScRDiK6GU-01938-00481494-00481652 for equipment and infrastructure
yUScRDiK6GU-01939-00481653-00481871 maintenance Philadelphia's 30th Street
yUScRDiK6GU-01940-00481872-00482085 Station as a major railroad station on
yUScRDiK6GU-01941-00482085-00482348 Amtrak's Northeast Corridor with 4.4
yUScRDiK6GU-01942-00482349-00482631 million passengers in 2017 making it the
yUScRDiK6GU-01943-00482632-00482795 third busiest station in the country
yUScRDiK6GU-01944-00482796-00483006 after New York City's Pennsylvania
yUScRDiK6GU-01945-00483007-00483170 Station and Washington's Union Station
yUScRDiK6GU-01946-00483171-00483435 30th Street Station offers access to
yUScRDiK6GU-01947-00483435-00483800 Amtrak septa and NJ transit lines over
yUScRDiK6GU-01948-00483801-00484068 12 million septa and NJ Transit rail
yUScRDiK6GU-01949-00484068-00484281 commuters use the station each year and
yUScRDiK6GU-01950-00484282-00484527 more than 100,000 people on an average
yUScRDiK6GU-01951-00484528-00484743 weekday the PATCO speed line provides
yUScRDiK6GU-01952-00484743-00484914 rapid transit service to Camden
yUScRDiK6GU-01953-00484914-00485147 Collingswood Westmont Haddonfield
yUScRDiK6GU-01954-00485148-00485427 Woodcrest Cherry Hill Ashland Voorhees
yUScRDiK6GU-01955-00485428-00485675 and Lindenwold New Jersey from stations
yUScRDiK6GU-01956-00485676-00485927 on Locust Street between 16th and 15
yUScRDiK6GU-01957-00485928-00486156 13th and 12th and 10th and ninth Street
yUScRDiK6GU-01958-00486157-00486687 and on Market Street at 8th Street
yUScRDiK6GU-01959-00486688-00487149 topic airports
yUScRDiK6GU-01960-00487150-00487404 to airports sir Philadelphia the
yUScRDiK6GU-01961-00487405-00487668 Philadelphia International Airport phl
yUScRDiK6GU-01962-00487668-00487943 has located seven miles 11 kilometers
yUScRDiK6GU-01963-00487945-00488166 south southwest of Center City on the
yUScRDiK6GU-01964-00488167-00488376 boundary with Delaware County providing
yUScRDiK6GU-01965-00488377-00488592 scheduled domestic and international air
yUScRDiK6GU-01966-00488593-00488745 service while Northeast Philadelphia
yUScRDiK6GU-01967-00488746-00489003 Airport P and E is a general aviation
yUScRDiK6GU-01968-00489004-00489210 relief airport in Northeast Philadelphia
yUScRDiK6GU-01969-00489210-00489506 serving general and corporate aviation
yUScRDiK6GU-01970-00489507-00489750 Philadelphia International Airport is
yUScRDiK6GU-01971-00489751-00489930 among the busiest airports in the world
yUScRDiK6GU-01972-00489931-00490139 measured by traffic movements ie
yUScRDiK6GU-01973-00490141-00490416 takeoffs and landings more than 30
yUScRDiK6GU-01974-00490417-00490589 million passengers pass through the
yUScRDiK6GU-01975-00490591-00490806 airport annually on twenty-five airlines
yUScRDiK6GU-01976-00490807-00491022 including all major domestic carriers
yUScRDiK6GU-01977-00491022-00491313 the airport has nearly 500 daily
yUScRDiK6GU-01978-00491314-00491601 departures to more than 120 destinations
yUScRDiK6GU-01979-00491602-00491901 worldwide SEPTA's airport regional rail
yUScRDiK6GU-01980-00491902-00492114 line provides direct service between
yUScRDiK6GU-01981-00492114-00492318 Center City railroad stations in
yUScRDiK6GU-01982-00492318-00492755 Philadelphia International Airport
yUScRDiK6GU-01983-00492756-00493209 topic roads
yUScRDiK6GU-01984-00493210-00493458 William Penn planned Philadelphia with
yUScRDiK6GU-01985-00493459-00493643 numbered streets traversing north and
yUScRDiK6GU-01986-00493645-00493878 south and streets named for trees such
yUScRDiK6GU-01987-00493879-00494067 as chestnut walnut and mulberry
yUScRDiK6GU-01988-00494068-00494358 traversing east and west the two main
yUScRDiK6GU-01989-00494359-00494538 streets were named Broad Street the
yUScRDiK6GU-01990-00494539-00494637 north-south artery
yUScRDiK6GU-01991-00494638-00494913 since designated Pennsylvania route 611
yUScRDiK6GU-01992-00494914-00495126 and High Street the east-west artery
yUScRDiK6GU-01993-00495127-00495345 since renamed Market Street converging
yUScRDiK6GU-01994-00495346-00495518 at Center Square which later became the
yUScRDiK6GU-01995-00495520-00495870 site of City Hall interstate 95 the
yUScRDiK6GU-01996-00495871-00496053 Delaware expressway traverses the
yUScRDiK6GU-01997-00496054-00496242 southern and eastern edges of the city
yUScRDiK6GU-01998-00496243-00496416 along the Delaware River as the main
yUScRDiK6GU-01999-00496417-00496614 north-south controlled-access highway
yUScRDiK6GU-02000-00496614-00496821 connecting Philadelphia with Newark New
yUScRDiK6GU-02001-00496822-00497022 Jersey in New York City to the north and
yUScRDiK6GU-02002-00497022-00497181 with Baltimore and Washington DC
yUScRDiK6GU-02003-00497182-00497475 southward the city is also served by
yUScRDiK6GU-02004-00497476-00497693 interstate 76 the Schuylkill Expressway
yUScRDiK6GU-02005-00497695-00497903 which runs along the Schuylkill River
yUScRDiK6GU-02006-00497904-00498087 intersecting the Pennsylvania Turnpike
yUScRDiK6GU-02007-00498088-00498306 at King of Prussia and providing access
yUScRDiK6GU-02008-00498307-00498521 to Harrisburg and points west
yUScRDiK6GU-02009-00498522-00498807 interstate 676 the Vine Street
yUScRDiK6GU-02010-00498808-00499128 expressway links i-95 and I 76 through
yUScRDiK6GU-02011-00499129-00499302 Center City by running below street
yUScRDiK6GU-02012-00499303-00499460 level between the eastbound and
yUScRDiK6GU-02013-00499462-00499734 westbound lanes of Vine Street entrance
yUScRDiK6GU-02014-00499735-00499905 and exit ramps for the Benjamin Franklin
yUScRDiK6GU-02015-00499906-00500112 bridge are near the eastern end of the
yUScRDiK6GU-02016-00500113-00500343 expressway just west of the i-95
yUScRDiK6GU-02017-00500343-00500562 interchange the Roosevelt Boulevard and
yUScRDiK6GU-02018-00500563-00500789 expressway us 1 connect Northeast
yUScRDiK6GU-02019-00500791-00501066 Philadelphia with Center City via I 76
yUScRDiK6GU-02020-00501067-00501327 through Fairmount Park Woodhaven Road
yUScRDiK6GU-02021-00501328-00501633 route 63 and Cottman Avenue route 73
yUScRDiK6GU-02022-00501634-00501825 serve the neighborhoods of Northeast
yUScRDiK6GU-02023-00501826-00502085 Philadelphia running between i-95 in the
yUScRDiK6GU-02024-00502087-00502326 Roosevelt Boulevard the Fort Washington
yUScRDiK6GU-02025-00502327-00502656 expressway route 309 extends north from
yUScRDiK6GU-02026-00502657-00502835 the city's northern border serving
yUScRDiK6GU-02027-00502837-00503135 Montgomery County in Bucks County US
yUScRDiK6GU-02028-00503137-00503379 Route 30 Lancaster Avenue extends
yUScRDiK6GU-02029-00503380-00503562 westward from West Philadelphia to
yUScRDiK6GU-02030-00503563-00503847 Lancaster interstate 476 locally
yUScRDiK6GU-02031-00503847-00504035 referred to as the Blue Route traverses
yUScRDiK6GU-02032-00504037-00504258 Delaware County bypassing the city to
yUScRDiK6GU-02033-00504259-00504447 the west and serving the city's western
yUScRDiK6GU-02034-00504447-00504651 suburbs as well as providing a link to
yUScRDiK6GU-02035-00504652-00504809 Allentown and points north
yUScRDiK6GU-02036-00504810-00505137 interstate 276 the Pennsylvania Turnpike
yUScRDiK6GU-02037-00505138-00505362 Delaware River extension acts as a
yUScRDiK6GU-02038-00505363-00505563 bypass and commuter route to the north
yUScRDiK6GU-02039-00505564-00505739 of the city as well as a link to the New
yUScRDiK6GU-02040-00505741-00506037 Jersey Turnpike in New York City the
yUScRDiK6GU-02041-00506038-00506217 Delaware River Port Authority operates
yUScRDiK6GU-02042-00506218-00506447 four bridges in the Philadelphia area
yUScRDiK6GU-02043-00506449-00506597 across the Delaware River
yUScRDiK6GU-02044-00506599-00506818 to New Jersey the Walt Whitman Bridge
yUScRDiK6GU-02045-00506820-00507222 i-76 the Benjamin Franklin bridge I 676
yUScRDiK6GU-02046-00507222-00507477 in US 30 the Betsy Ross bridge New
yUScRDiK6GU-02047-00507478-00507699 Jersey route 90 and the Commodore Barry
yUScRDiK6GU-02048-00507700-00508035 bridge u.s. 322 in Delaware County south
yUScRDiK6GU-02049-00508035-00508296 of the city the Burlington County bridge
yUScRDiK6GU-02050-00508297-00508506 commission maintains two bridges across
yUScRDiK6GU-02051-00508507-00508689 the Delaware River the Tacony Palmyra
yUScRDiK6GU-02052-00508689-00509028 bridge which connects PA route 73 in the
yUScRDiK6GU-02053-00509029-00509202 Tacony section of Northeast Philadelphia
yUScRDiK6GU-02054-00509203-00509489 with New Jersey route 73 in Palmyra
yUScRDiK6GU-02055-00509491-00509727 Camden County and the burlington bristol
yUScRDiK6GU-02056-00509728-00510077 bridge which connects NJ route 413 u.s.
yUScRDiK6GU-02057-00510078-00510432 route 130 in Burlington New Jersey with
yUScRDiK6GU-02058-00510433-00510780 PA route 413 us 13 in Bristol Township
yUScRDiK6GU-02059-00510781-00511235 north of Philadelphia
yUScRDiK6GU-02060-00511237-00511818 topic bus service Philadelphia is a hub
yUScRDiK6GU-02061-00511818-00512028 for Greyhound Lines the Greyhound
yUScRDiK6GU-02062-00512029-00512292 terminal is located at 1001 Filbert
yUScRDiK6GU-02063-00512293-00512468 Street at 10th Street in Center City
yUScRDiK6GU-02064-00512470-00512679 southeast of the Pennsylvania Convention
yUScRDiK6GU-02065-00512680-00512985 Center and south of Chinatown several
yUScRDiK6GU-02066-00512985-00513213 other bus operators provide service at
yUScRDiK6GU-02067-00513214-00513405 the Greyhound terminal including Bieber
yUScRDiK6GU-02068-00513406-00513585 transportation Group Bullington
yUScRDiK6GU-02069-00513585-00513839 Trailways Mart's Trailways Peter Pan Bus
yUScRDiK6GU-02070-00513841-00514074 Lines and New Jersey Transit buses other
yUScRDiK6GU-02071-00514075-00514320 intercity bus services include mega bus
yUScRDiK6GU-02072-00514321-00514539 with stops at 30th Street Station and
yUScRDiK6GU-02073-00514539-00514725 the visitor center for Independence Hall
yUScRDiK6GU-02074-00514726-00514956 and bolt bus operated by Greyhound at
yUScRDiK6GU-02075-00514957-00515327 30th Street Station
yUScRDiK6GU-02076-00515328-00515954 topic Rael since the early days of rail
yUScRDiK6GU-02077-00515955-00516143 transportation in the United States
yUScRDiK6GU-02078-00516143-00516356 Philadelphia has served as a hub for
yUScRDiK6GU-02079-00516357-00516500 several major rail companies
yUScRDiK6GU-02080-00516501-00516718 particularly the Pennsylvania Railroad
yUScRDiK6GU-02081-00516719-00516989 in the Reading Railroad the Pennsylvania
yUScRDiK6GU-02082-00516989-00517199 Railroad first operated Broad Street
yUScRDiK6GU-02083-00517200-00517252 Station
yUScRDiK6GU-02084-00517253-00517477 then 30th Street Station and suburban
yUScRDiK6GU-02085-00517478-00517610 station and the Reading Railroad
yUScRDiK6GU-02086-00517610-00517850 operated Reading Terminal now part of
yUScRDiK6GU-02087-00517851-00518108 the Pennsylvania Convention Center the
yUScRDiK6GU-02088-00518109-00518329 two companies also operated competing
yUScRDiK6GU-02089-00518330-00518593 commuter rail systems in the area the
yUScRDiK6GU-02090-00518594-00518801 two systems now operate as a single
yUScRDiK6GU-02091-00518802-00518993 system under the control of septa the
yUScRDiK6GU-02092-00518993-00519268 Regional Transit Authority additionally
yUScRDiK6GU-02093-00519269-00519547 the PATCO Speedline subway system and NJ
yUScRDiK6GU-02094-00519548-00519764 Transit's Atlantic City Line operate
yUScRDiK6GU-02095-00519764-00519943 successor services to southern New
yUScRDiK6GU-02096-00519944-00520231 Jersey in 1911 Philadelphia had nearly
yUScRDiK6GU-02097-00520232-00520495 4,000 electric trolleys running on 86
yUScRDiK6GU-02098-00520496-00520816 lines in 2005 cept to reintroduce
yUScRDiK6GU-02099-00520817-00521014 trolley service to the Girard Avenue
yUScRDiK6GU-02100-00521015-00521518 Line route 15 septa subway surface
yUScRDiK6GU-02101-00521518-00521777 trolleys that run on street level tracks
yUScRDiK6GU-02102-00521778-00522016 in West Philadelphia and subway tunnels
yUScRDiK6GU-02103-00522017-00522227 in Center City along with two surfaced
yUScRDiK6GU-02104-00522228-00522383 trolleys in adjacent suburbs
yUScRDiK6GU-02105-00522384-00522593 Philadelphia as a regional hub of the
yUScRDiK6GU-02106-00522593-00522818 federally owned Amtrak system with 30th
yUScRDiK6GU-02107-00522818-00523039 Street Station being a primary stop on
yUScRDiK6GU-02108-00523040-00523258 the Washington Boston Northeast Corridor
yUScRDiK6GU-02109-00523259-00523435 and the Keystone corridor to Harrisburg
yUScRDiK6GU-02110-00523436-00523676 and Pittsburgh 30th Street also serves
yUScRDiK6GU-02111-00523677-00523895 as a major station for services via the
yUScRDiK6GU-02112-00523896-00524060 Pennsylvania railroads former
yUScRDiK6GU-02113-00524060-00524366 Pennsylvania mainline to Chicago as of
yUScRDiK6GU-02114-00524367-00524639 2017 30th Street as Amtrak's third
yUScRDiK6GU-02115-00524640-00524860 busiest station in the country after New
yUScRDiK6GU-02116-00524861-00525239 York City in Washington
yUScRDiK6GU-02117-00525240-00525744 topic WalkScore ranks
yUScRDiK6GU-02118-00525745-00526062 a 20-17 study by Walk Score ranked
yUScRDiK6GU-02119-00526063-00526227 Philadelphia the fifth most walkable
yUScRDiK6GU-02120-00526228-00526446 major city in the United States with a
yUScRDiK6GU-02121-00526447-00526731 score of 79 out of 100 in the middle of
yUScRDiK6GU-02122-00526732-00527064 the very walkable range the city was
yUScRDiK6GU-02123-00527065-00527355 just edged out by fourth place Miami 79
yUScRDiK6GU-02124-00527356-00527559 point two with the top three cities
yUScRDiK6GU-02125-00527560-00527801 being New York San Francisco and Boston
yUScRDiK6GU-02126-00527802-00528084 Philadelphia placed fifth in the public
yUScRDiK6GU-02127-00528085-00528273 transit friendly category behind
yUScRDiK6GU-02128-00528274-00528516 Washington DC with the same three cities
yUScRDiK6GU-02129-00528517-00528711 for walkability topping this category
yUScRDiK6GU-02130-00528712-00528921 the city ranked 10th in the
yUScRDiK6GU-02131-00528922-00529134 bike-friendly cities category with the
yUScRDiK6GU-02132-00529135-00529368 top three cities being Minneapolis San
yUScRDiK6GU-02133-00529369-00529560 Francisco and Portland the readers of
yUScRDiK6GU-02134-00529561-00529803 USA Today newspaper voted the Schuylkill
yUScRDiK6GU-02135-00529804-00529992 River Trail the best urban trail in the
yUScRDiK6GU-02136-00529993-00530397 nation in 2015
yUScRDiK6GU-02137-00530398-00530899 topic utilities
yUScRDiK6GU-02138-00530900-00531241 in 1815 Philadelphia began sourcing its
yUScRDiK6GU-02139-00531242-00531424 water via the Fairmount waterworks
yUScRDiK6GU-02140-00531425-00531607 located on the Schuylkill River the
yUScRDiK6GU-02141-00531608-00531826 nation's first major urban water supply
yUScRDiK6GU-02142-00531827-00532165 system in 1909 the waterworks was
yUScRDiK6GU-02143-00532166-00532360 decommissioned as the city transition to
yUScRDiK6GU-02144-00532361-00532663 modern sand filtration methods today the
yUScRDiK6GU-02145-00532664-00532918 Philadelphia water department PWD
yUScRDiK6GU-02146-00532919-00533131 provides drinking water wastewater
yUScRDiK6GU-02147-00533132-00533350 collection and stormwater services for
yUScRDiK6GU-02148-00533351-00533521 Philadelphia as well as surrounding
yUScRDiK6GU-02149-00533522-00533956 counties PWD draws about 57% of its
yUScRDiK6GU-02150-00533957-00534133 drinking water from the Delaware River
yUScRDiK6GU-02151-00534134-00534280 and the balance from the Schuylkill
yUScRDiK6GU-02152-00534281-00534586 River the city has two filtration plants
yUScRDiK6GU-02153-00534587-00534739 on the Schuylkill River and one on the
yUScRDiK6GU-02154-00534740-00534997 Delaware River the three plants can
yUScRDiK6GU-02155-00534998-00535306 treat up to 546 million gallons of water
yUScRDiK6GU-02156-00535307-00535549 per day while the total storage capacity
yUScRDiK6GU-02157-00535550-00535705 of the combined plant and distribution
yUScRDiK6GU-02158-00535706-00536029 system exceeds 1 billion gallons the
yUScRDiK6GU-02159-00536030-00536212 wastewater system consists of three
yUScRDiK6GU-02160-00536213-00536473 water pollution control plants 21
yUScRDiK6GU-02161-00536474-00536833 pumping stations and about 3,600 57
yUScRDiK6GU-02162-00536834-00536913 miles
yUScRDiK6GU-02163-00536914-00537247 5,800 85 kilometres of sewers exelon
yUScRDiK6GU-02164-00537248-00537517 subsidiary Pako energy company founded
yUScRDiK6GU-02165-00537518-00537703 as the brush Electric Light Company of
yUScRDiK6GU-02166-00537704-00537940 Philadelphia in 1881 and renamed
yUScRDiK6GU-02167-00537941-00538171 Philadelphia Electric Company Pako in
yUScRDiK6GU-02168-00538172-00538519 1902 provides electricity to about 1.6
yUScRDiK6GU-02169-00538520-00538804 million customers and more than 500,000
yUScRDiK6GU-02170-00538805-00538963 natural gas customers in the
yUScRDiK6GU-02171-00538964-00539188 southeastern Pennsylvania area including
yUScRDiK6GU-02172-00539189-00539389 the city of Philadelphia and most of its
yUScRDiK6GU-02173-00539390-00539710 suburbs Pako is the largest electric and
yUScRDiK6GU-02174-00539711-00539925 natural gas utility in the state with
yUScRDiK6GU-02175-00539926-00540322 472 power substations and nearly 23,000
yUScRDiK6GU-02176-00540323-00540532 miles thirty-seven thousand kilometres
yUScRDiK6GU-02177-00540533-00540694 of electric transmission and
yUScRDiK6GU-02178-00540695-00540922 distribution lines along with 12,000
yUScRDiK6GU-02179-00540923-00541207 miles 19,000 kilometers of natural gas
yUScRDiK6GU-02180-00541208-00541429 transmission distribution and service
yUScRDiK6GU-02181-00541430-00541720 lines Philadelphia Gas Works PGW
yUScRDiK6GU-02182-00541721-00541909 overseen by the Pennsylvania Public
yUScRDiK6GU-02183-00541910-00542113 Utility Commission is the nation's
yUScRDiK6GU-02184-00542114-00542326 largest municipal II owned natural gas
yUScRDiK6GU-02185-00542327-00542773 utility PGW serves over 500,000 homes
yUScRDiK6GU-02186-00542774-00543003 and businesses in the Philadelphia area
yUScRDiK6GU-02187-00543004-00543343 founded in 1836 the company came under
yUScRDiK6GU-02188-00543344-00543598 city ownership in 1987 and has been
yUScRDiK6GU-02189-00543599-00543745 providing the majority of gas
yUScRDiK6GU-02190-00543746-00544105 distributed within city limits in 2014
yUScRDiK6GU-02191-00544106-00544291 the City Council refused to can
yUScRDiK6GU-02192-00544292-00544474 hearings on a one point eight six
yUScRDiK6GU-02193-00544475-00544762 billion dollars sale of PGW part of a
yUScRDiK6GU-02194-00544763-00544941 two-year effort that was proposed by the
yUScRDiK6GU-02195-00544942-00545206 mayor the refusal led to the prospective
yUScRDiK6GU-02196-00545207-00545466 buyer terminating its offer southeastern
yUScRDiK6GU-02197-00545467-00545745 Pennsylvania was assigned the 215 area
yUScRDiK6GU-02198-00545746-00545986 code in 1947 when the north american
yUScRDiK6GU-02199-00545987-00546205 numbering plan of the bell system went
yUScRDiK6GU-02200-00546206-00546508 into effect the geographic area covered
yUScRDiK6GU-02201-00546509-00546718 by the code was split nearly in half in
yUScRDiK6GU-02202-00546719-00547063 1994 when area code 6 1 oh was created
yUScRDiK6GU-02203-00547064-00547249 with the city and its northern suburbs
yUScRDiK6GU-02204-00547250-00547708 retaining 215 overlay area code 267 was
yUScRDiK6GU-02205-00547709-00548077 added to the 215 service area in 1997
yUScRDiK6GU-02206-00548078-00548418 and 484 was added to the 610 area in
yUScRDiK6GU-02207-00548419-00548820 1999 a plan in 2001 to introduce a third
yUScRDiK6GU-02208-00548821-00549079 overlay code to both service areas area
yUScRDiK6GU-02209-00549080-00549601 code 4 for 5 to 215 area code 835 - 610
yUScRDiK6GU-02210-00549602-00549877 was delayed and later rescinded area
yUScRDiK6GU-02211-00549878-00550122 code 4 for 5 was implemented as an
yUScRDiK6GU-02212-00550123-00550518 overlay for area codes 215 and 267
yUScRDiK6GU-02213-00550519-00550891 starting on February 3rd 2018 in 2005 a
yUScRDiK6GU-02214-00550892-00551128 low-cost citywide Wi-Fi service was
yUScRDiK6GU-02215-00551129-00551337 approved for installation in the city
yUScRDiK6GU-02216-00551338-00551563 Wireless Philadelphia would have been
yUScRDiK6GU-02217-00551564-00551788 the first municipal internet utility in
yUScRDiK6GU-02218-00551789-00551983 a large US city but the plan was
yUScRDiK6GU-02219-00551984-00552216 abandoned in 2008 as Earthling pushed
yUScRDiK6GU-02220-00552217-00552429 back the completion date several times
yUScRDiK6GU-02221-00552430-00552709 Mayor nutters administration closed the
yUScRDiK6GU-02222-00552710-00552955 project in 2009 after an attempt to
yUScRDiK6GU-02223-00552956-00553240 revitalize it failed topic notable
yUScRDiK6GU-02224-00553241-00553465 people topics Sister Cities Philadelphia
yUScRDiK6GU-02225-00553466-00553639 has eight official sister cities
yUScRDiK6GU-02226-00553640-00553815 designated by the citizen diplomacy
yUScRDiK6GU-02227-00553816-00553995 international of Philadelphia
yUScRDiK6GU-02228-00553996-00554239 Philadelphia also has three partnership
yUScRDiK6GU-02229-00554240-00554443 cities or regions Philadelphia has
yUScRDiK6GU-02230-00554444-00554670 dedicated landmarks to its sister cities
yUScRDiK6GU-02231-00554671-00555031 the sister cities park a site of 0.5
yUScRDiK6GU-02232-00555032-00555409 acres 2,400 square yd located at 18th
yUScRDiK6GU-02233-00555410-00555610 and Benjamin Franklin Parkway within
yUScRDiK6GU-02234-00555611-00555939 Logan Square was dedicated in June 1976
yUScRDiK6GU-02235-00555940-00556155 the park was built to commemorate
yUScRDiK6GU-02236-00556156-00556384 Philadelphia's first two sister city
yUScRDiK6GU-02237-00556385-00556606 relationships with Tel Aviv and Florence
yUScRDiK6GU-02238-00556607-00556900 the Turin triangle honoring the sister
yUScRDiK6GU-02239-00556901-00557125 city relationship with torun poland was
yUScRDiK6GU-02240-00557126-00557425 constructed in 1976 west of the United
yUScRDiK6GU-02241-00557426-00557608 Way building at 18th Street and the
yUScRDiK6GU-02242-00557609-00557653 Benjamin
yUScRDiK6GU-02243-00557654-00557962 Franklin Parkway sister cities park was
yUScRDiK6GU-02244-00557963-00558175 redesigned and reopened in 2012
yUScRDiK6GU-02245-00558176-00558370 featuring an interactive fountain on
yUScRDiK6GU-02246-00558371-00558526 during Philadelphia's sister and
yUScRDiK6GU-02247-00558527-00558751 partnership cities a cafe and Visitors
yUScRDiK6GU-02248-00558752-00558937 Centre children's play area outdoor
yUScRDiK6GU-02249-00558938-00559153 garden and boat pond as well as a
yUScRDiK6GU-02250-00559154-00559246 pavilion built to
yUScRDiK6GU-02251-00559247-00559513 environmentally-friendly standards the
yUScRDiK6GU-02252-00559514-00559792 chinatown gate erected in 1984 and
yUScRDiK6GU-02253-00559793-00560011 crafted by artisans of Chen Jin stands
yUScRDiK6GU-02254-00560012-00560218 astride 10th Street on the north side of
yUScRDiK6GU-02255-00560219-00560392 its intersection with Arch Street as a
yUScRDiK6GU-02256-00560393-00560602 symbol of the sister city relationship
yUScRDiK6GU-02257-00560603-00560860 the cd-i of Philadelphia has
yUScRDiK6GU-02258-00560861-00561073 participated in the u.s. department of
yUScRDiK6GU-02259-00561074-00561397 state's partners for peace project with
yUScRDiK6GU-02260-00561398-00561658 Mosul Iraq as well as accepting visiting
yUScRDiK6GU-02261-00561659-00561805 delegations from dozens of other
yUScRDiK6GU-02262-00561806-00562169 countries
yUScRDiK6GU-02263-00562170-00562489 topic gallery
yUScRDiK6GU-02264-00562490-00562672 you
yUScRDiK6GU-02265-00562673-00562885 see additional media related to
yUScRDiK6GU-02266-00562886-00563387 Philadelphia at Wikimedia Commons
yUScRDiK6GU-02267-00563388-00563933 topic see also
yUScRDiK6GU-02268-00563934-00564263 metropolitan areas in the United States
yUScRDiK6GU-02269-00564264-00564573 metropolitan areas in the Americas
yUScRDiK6GU-02270-00564574-00564774 National Register of Historic Places
yUScRDiK6GU-02271-00564775-00565232 listings in Philadelphia
yUScRDiK6GU-02272-00565233-00565768 topic notes
yUScRDiK6GU-02273-00565769-00566285 topic references
yUScRDiK6GU-02274-00566286-00566808 topic further reading
yUScRDiK6GU-02275-00566809-00567314 Harold II 1967 may Jack Eadie the
yUScRDiK6GU-02276-00567315-00567558 road from Upper Darby the story of the
yUScRDiK6GU-02277-00567559-00567812 Market Street subway elevated New York
yUScRDiK6GU-02278-00567813-00567983 New York electric railroaders
yUScRDiK6GU-02279-00567984-00568310 Association OCLC fifty four million
yUScRDiK6GU-02280-00568311-00568524 seven hundred seventy thousand seven
yUScRDiK6GU-02281-00568525-00568883 hundred one
yUScRDiK6GU-02282-00568884-00569401 topic external links
yUScRDiK6GU-02283-00569402-00569725 city of Philadelphia government
yUScRDiK6GU-02284-00569726-00569935 encyclopedia of Greater Philadelphia
yUScRDiK6GU-02285-00569936-00570281 historical encyclopedia historic
yUScRDiK6GU-02286-00570282-00570482 Philadelphia over 2 million photographs
yUScRDiK6GU-02287-00570483-00570857 dating back to the late 1800s Greater
yUScRDiK6GU-02288-00570858-00571061 Philadelphia geo history network
yUScRDiK6GU-02289-00571062-00571475 historical maps and atlases Philly comm
yUScRDiK6GU-02290-00571476-00571720 the Philadelphia Inquirer and Daily News
yUScRDiK6GU-02291-00571721-00571876 Convention and Visitor's Bureau
yUScRDiK6GU-02292-00571877-00572116 Pennsylvania Convention Center ten towns
yUScRDiK6GU-02293-00572117-00572470 that changed America WTTW segment from
yUScRDiK6GU-02294-00572471-00572998 723 to 12:00 o'clock of 56 minute video
yVvLdj8rcsA-00000-00000027-00002415 [Music]
yVvLdj8rcsA-00001-00002416-00002689 you will never know
yVvLdj8rcsA-00002-00002690-00002928 [Music]
yVvLdj8rcsA-00003-00002929-00003307 [Applause]
yVvLdj8rcsA-00004-00003308-00003479 [Music]
yVvLdj8rcsA-00005-00003479-00003607 my
yVvLdj8rcsA-00006-00003608-00004311 [Music]
yVvLdj8rcsA-00007-00004312-00006070 you dreams
yVvLdj8rcsA-00008-00006071-00007027 [Music]
yVvLdj8rcsA-00009-00007028-00007189 afraid of me
yVvLdj8rcsA-00010-00007190-00007375 [Music]
yVvLdj8rcsA-00011-00007376-00008078 i've never felt this way before
yVvLdj8rcsA-00012-00008079-00008246 i'll be
yVvLdj8rcsA-00013-00008247-00008627 here
yVvLdj8rcsA-00014-00008628-00011287 [Music]
yVvLdj8rcsA-00015-00011288-00011568 you
yVvLdj8rcsA-00016-00011569-00011805 [Music]
yVvLdj8rcsA-00017-00011806-00012183 [Applause]
yVvLdj8rcsA-00018-00012184-00012359 [Music]
yVvLdj8rcsA-00019-00012360-00012991 my dreams my soul
yVvLdj8rcsA-00020-00012991-00013416 i never ever want to let you go
yVvLdj8rcsA-00021-00013416-00014488 [Music]
yYl-yPnms8o-00000-00000004-00000582 [Music]
yYl-yPnms8o-00001-00000583-00000761 so
yYl-yPnms8o-00002-00000762-00001305 [Music]
yYl-yPnms8o-00003-00001306-00003543 [Music]
yYl-yPnms8o-00004-00003544-00004077 so
yYl-yPnms8o-00005-00004078-00004326 [Applause]
yYl-yPnms8o-00006-00004327-00004709 [Music]
yYl-yPnms8o-00007-00004710-00004889 [Applause]
yYl-yPnms8o-00008-00004890-00006359 [Music]
yYl-yPnms8o-00009-00006360-00007287 hmm
yYl-yPnms8o-00010-00007288-00007704 ah
yYl-yPnms8o-00011-00007705-00009622 [Music]
yYl-yPnms8o-00012-00009623-00011319 [Music]
yYl-yPnms8o-00013-00011320-00011520 on the papaya
yYl-yPnms8o-00014-00011521-00012393 [Music]
yYl-yPnms8o-00015-00012394-00012966 [Music]
yYl-yPnms8o-00016-00012967-00014066 uh
yYl-yPnms8o-00017-00014066-00014943 [Music]
yYl-yPnms8o-00018-00014944-00015047 ah
yYl-yPnms8o-00019-00015047-00016607 let's go
yYl-yPnms8o-00020-00016608-00016894 ska
yYl-yPnms8o-00021-00016895-00017878 [Music]
yYl-yPnms8o-00022-00017879-00018408 [Music]
yYl-yPnms8o-00023-00018409-00018567 [Music]
yYl-yPnms8o-00024-00018568-00020181 is the offer
yYl-yPnms8o-00025-00020182-00020735 [Music]
yYl-yPnms8o-00026-00020736-00020901 seriously
yYl-yPnms8o-00027-00020902-00021343 [Music]
yYl-yPnms8o-00028-00021344-00022017 tk
yYl-yPnms8o-00029-00022018-00023294 [Music]
yYl-yPnms8o-00030-00023295-00024822 me
yYl-yPnms8o-00031-00024823-00025079 up
yYl-yPnms8o-00032-00025080-00026343 [Music]
yYl-yPnms8o-00033-00026344-00027567 great
yYl-yPnms8o-00034-00027568-00027870 [Music]
yYl-yPnms8o-00035-00027872-00028014 ah
yYl-yPnms8o-00036-00028016-00028787 in your pokemon
yYl-yPnms8o-00037-00028788-00029583 [Music]
yYl-yPnms8o-00038-00029583-00029686 a
yYl-yPnms8o-00039-00029687-00030273 [Applause]
yYl-yPnms8o-00040-00030274-00032424 [Music]
yYl-yPnms8o-00041-00032425-00033377 [Music]
yYl-yPnms8o-00042-00033378-00033718 [Music]
yYl-yPnms8o-00043-00033719-00033927 mewtwo
yYl-yPnms8o-00044-00033928-00035066 [Music]
yYl-yPnms8o-00045-00035067-00035815 [Applause]
yYl-yPnms8o-00046-00035816-00036373 skull
yYl-yPnms8o-00047-00036374-00036990 [Music]
yYl-yPnms8o-00048-00036991-00037167 uh
yYl-yPnms8o-00049-00037168-00037435 comics
yYl-yPnms8o-00050-00037436-00039255 [Music]
yYl-yPnms8o-00051-00039256-00040430 wow
yYl-yPnms8o-00052-00040431-00040958 wow do you ever dated fart
yYl-yPnms8o-00053-00040959-00041611 [Music]
yYl-yPnms8o-00054-00041612-00042039 [Music]
yYl-yPnms8o-00055-00042040-00042263 me
yYl-yPnms8o-00056-00042264-00042974 [Music]
yYl-yPnms8o-00057-00042975-00043492 though
yYl-yPnms8o-00058-00043493-00045210 [Music]
yYl-yPnms8o-00059-00045211-00047242 [Music]
yYl-yPnms8o-00060-00047243-00049463 [Music]
yYl-yPnms8o-00061-00049464-00051089 [Music]
yYl-yPnms8o-00062-00051090-00052107 [Music]
yYl-yPnms8o-00063-00052108-00053054 [Music]
yYl-yPnms8o-00064-00053055-00053251 hey
yYl-yPnms8o-00066-00057816-00058024 you
yYK5fkkGnXu-00000-00000016-00000342 join wjct and pnc grow up great to
yYK5fkkGnXu-00001-00000343-00000591 celebrate be my neighbor day saturday
yYK5fkkGnXu-00002-00000592-00000991 may 7th from 10 a.m to 2 p.m at the wjct
yYK5fkkGnXu-00003-00000992-00001295 studios enjoy a day filled with indoor
yYK5fkkGnXu-00004-00001296-00001511 and outdoor activities visit with
yYK5fkkGnXu-00005-00001512-00001687 community helpers enjoy local food
yYK5fkkGnXu-00006-00001688-00001895 trucks create arts and crafts and so
yYK5fkkGnXu-00007-00001896-00002118 much more daniel tiger and katarina
yYK5fkkGnXu-00008-00002119-00002310 kitty cat will also be there reserve
yYK5fkkGnXu-00009-00002311-00002502 your spot today for this free
yYK5fkkGnXu-00010-00002503-00002695 family-friendly community event by
yYK5fkkGnXu-00011-00002696-00002934 visiting wjct.org
yYK5fkkGnXu-00012-00002935-00003184 events
ybM2eaDv6PU-00000-00000008-00000199 hello everybody my name is dude and
ybM2eaDv6PU-00001-00000200-00000383 welcome back to baba is
ybM2eaDv6PU-00002-00000384-00000719 you and you and you and you and you
ybM2eaDv6PU-00003-00000720-00001079 and me and you and you and your dog
ybM2eaDv6PU-00004-00001080-00001350 don't think i don't see your dog tell
ybM2eaDv6PU-00005-00001351-00001503 your dog i said hi by the way
ybM2eaDv6PU-00006-00001504-00001951 anyway i forget where i was
ybM2eaDv6PU-00007-00001952-00002447 in this game not gonna lie
ybM2eaDv6PU-00008-00002448-00002823 lag is flagged oh flag is not win though
ybM2eaDv6PU-00009-00002824-00003134 i need to get win oh boy okay so
ybM2eaDv6PU-00010-00003135-00003558 what can i make here robot is push
ybM2eaDv6PU-00011-00003559-00003686 [Music]
ybM2eaDv6PU-00012-00003688-00004079 uh cog is stop can i change it to cog
ybM2eaDv6PU-00013-00004079-00004399 and robot is push and then i push
ybM2eaDv6PU-00014-00004400-00004663 never mind wait what if they're both
ybM2eaDv6PU-00015-00004664-00004719 stop
ybM2eaDv6PU-00016-00004720-00004999 never mind that doesn't help what do i
ybM2eaDv6PU-00017-00005000-00005254 do here
ybM2eaDv6PU-00018-00005255-00005422 that's not helping i don't know what i'm
ybM2eaDv6PU-00019-00005423-00005606 doing oh do i need to just
ybM2eaDv6PU-00020-00005607-00005791 fill out the fill in the blanks and
ybM2eaDv6PU-00021-00005792-00005991 stuff lag and rock is win
ybM2eaDv6PU-00022-00005992-00006286 that's all i can think of flag and yeah
ybM2eaDv6PU-00023-00006287-00006470 flag and rock is win
ybM2eaDv6PU-00024-00006472-00006727 okay i think i see it yeah i need
ybM2eaDv6PU-00025-00006728-00006967 something else with it
ybM2eaDv6PU-00026-00006968-00007367 i also need is and cog stop
ybM2eaDv6PU-00027-00007368-00007567 what if i just move these into that
ybM2eaDv6PU-00028-00007568-00007823 range i just move those into the range
ybM2eaDv6PU-00029-00007823-00008054 that i needed in
ybM2eaDv6PU-00030-00008055-00008391 [Music]
ybM2eaDv6PU-00031-00008392-00008710 there we go done okay okay
ybM2eaDv6PU-00032-00008711-00009023 we're getting there we're doing it might
ybM2eaDv6PU-00033-00009024-00009095 have been another
ybM2eaDv6PU-00034-00009096-00009423 a better way to do that though dim
ybM2eaDv6PU-00035-00009424-00010095 signal oh i don't want to do that
ybM2eaDv6PU-00036-00010096-00010246 i don't want to do a harder version of
ybM2eaDv6PU-00037-00010247-00010606 that same level please thank you
ybM2eaDv6PU-00038-00010607-00010927 that was you kk blank push
ybM2eaDv6PU-00039-00010928-00011223 [Music]
ybM2eaDv6PU-00040-00011224-00011559 i just need to cycle these over here
ybM2eaDv6PU-00041-00011560-00011823 well that's kind of useless to me so
ybM2eaDv6PU-00042-00011824-00011991 everything's up
ybM2eaDv6PU-00043-00011992-00012383 everything's kind of wait what if
ybM2eaDv6PU-00044-00012384-00012815 nope that doesn't work i can't pull that
ybM2eaDv6PU-00045-00012816-00012958 so i don't know what to do with this i
ybM2eaDv6PU-00046-00012959-00013158 could become kake and then beat
ybM2eaDv6PU-00047-00013159-00013479 and then baba can be push
ybM2eaDv6PU-00048-00013480-00013686 but wallace still stop i would need to
ybM2eaDv6PU-00049-00013687-00014086 make it as wall as stop or
ybM2eaDv6PU-00050-00014087-00014286 baba his wall is you but that's not
ybM2eaDv6PU-00051-00014287-00014431 gonna happen
ybM2eaDv6PU-00052-00014432-00014766 [Music]
ybM2eaDv6PU-00053-00014768-00015135 that's i i can't move this
ybM2eaDv6PU-00054-00015136-00015438 otherwise i lose the ability to move so
ybM2eaDv6PU-00055-00015440-00015638 the only thing i can do is keke is push
ybM2eaDv6PU-00056-00015640-00015766 and baba is you or
ybM2eaDv6PU-00057-00015768-00016055 keke is you and papa is push what do i
ybM2eaDv6PU-00058-00016056-00016215 do
ybM2eaDv6PU-00059-00016216-00016430 what box am i not thinking outside of
ybM2eaDv6PU-00060-00016431-00016599 because there's no way in hell i can
ybM2eaDv6PU-00061-00016600-00016703 push
ybM2eaDv6PU-00062-00016704-00017015 a section of code
ybM2eaDv6PU-00063-00017016-00017327 past the wall this is nothing there's no
ybM2eaDv6PU-00064-00017328-00017422 way in hell
ybM2eaDv6PU-00065-00017423-00017847 i got nothing i had nothing for that one
ybM2eaDv6PU-00066-00017848-00018167 evaporating river i think that's a hint
ybM2eaDv6PU-00067-00018168-00018327 at something and i need to evaporate the
ybM2eaDv6PU-00068-00018328-00018430 river
ybM2eaDv6PU-00069-00018431-00018839 water is sync skull is defeat
ybM2eaDv6PU-00070-00018840-00019222 blank is wind uh how
ybM2eaDv6PU-00071-00019223-00019767 what if i do this yes okay
ybM2eaDv6PU-00072-00019768-00019911 august push and melt
ybM2eaDv6PU-00073-00019912-00020471 [Music]
ybM2eaDv6PU-00074-00020472-00020752 and if it's pushed then i never mind
ybM2eaDv6PU-00075-00020753-00020983 [Music]
ybM2eaDv6PU-00076-00020984-00021175 water is hot so all i can really do is
ybM2eaDv6PU-00077-00021176-00021399 melt the water
ybM2eaDv6PU-00078-00021400-00021711 never mind it melts and there's nothing
ybM2eaDv6PU-00079-00021712-00021822 i can do about it the
ybM2eaDv6PU-00080-00021823-00022255 flag is nothing how do i do this
ybM2eaDv6PU-00081-00022256-00022391 one thing i can think of is make the
ybM2eaDv6PU-00082-00022392-00022663 skull push but like
ybM2eaDv6PU-00083-00022664-00023071 how did i up
ybM2eaDv6PU-00084-00023072-00023622 instead of sink
ybM2eaDv6PU-00085-00023623-00024022 i use something else water is push
ybM2eaDv6PU-00086-00024023-00024278 flying is water well that's not
ybM2eaDv6PU-00087-00024279-00024430 helpful for those wondering what this
ybM2eaDv6PU-00088-00024431-00024639 game is in chat this is a puzzle game
ybM2eaDv6PU-00089-00024640-00024703 where you use
ybM2eaDv6PU-00090-00024704-00024919 coding logic to kind of solve problems
ybM2eaDv6PU-00091-00024920-00025167 but i don't know what the hell i'm doing
ybM2eaDv6PU-00092-00025168-00025511 so i'm able to stand in the water
ybM2eaDv6PU-00093-00025512-00025855 but that's it
ybM2eaDv6PU-00094-00025856-00026158 wait wait oh
ybM2eaDv6PU-00095-00026160-00026511 man i've got an idea flag is
ybM2eaDv6PU-00096-00026512-00026846 water and i need one thing to oh
ybM2eaDv6PU-00097-00026847-00027031 i need to be able to move the flag over
ybM2eaDv6PU-00098-00027032-00027207 one more maybe i need to restart this
ybM2eaDv6PU-00099-00027208-00027279 one
ybM2eaDv6PU-00100-00027280-00027470 let's restart the level maybe i'm
ybM2eaDv6PU-00101-00027472-00027670 thinking too hard i just make it say
ybM2eaDv6PU-00102-00027672-00028023 sink water is maybe i got this
ybM2eaDv6PU-00103-00028024-00028246 except i don't because that cog is gonna
ybM2eaDv6PU-00104-00028247-00028639 things up
ybM2eaDv6PU-00105-00028639-00029019 yeah i need a way to get the cog over
ybM2eaDv6PU-00106-00029020-00029383 [Music]
ybM2eaDv6PU-00107-00029383-00029670 i don't know that's gonna work yeah
ybM2eaDv6PU-00108-00029672-00029823 that's not gonna work i think i need
ybM2eaDv6PU-00109-00029824-00030214 more uh i think i need water still
ybM2eaDv6PU-00110-00030216-00030511 water is sync dude a small brain okay
ybM2eaDv6PU-00111-00030512-00030670 stream chat you want you
ybM2eaDv6PU-00112-00030672-00031095 do you have the solution because i don't
ybM2eaDv6PU-00113-00031095-00031351 my stream chat has an idea i'm willing
ybM2eaDv6PU-00114-00031352-00031590 to hear it but like you gotta
ybM2eaDv6PU-00115-00031591-00031831 you gotta tell me your idea fan you got
ybM2eaDv6PU-00116-00031832-00031967 rid of the wrong skull
ybM2eaDv6PU-00117-00031968-00032487 what do you mean wrongs oh now i see it
ybM2eaDv6PU-00118-00032488-00032758 now i now now i now i know you're going
ybM2eaDv6PU-00119-00032760-00033023 with this
ybM2eaDv6PU-00120-00033024-00033335 so i will need sync
ybM2eaDv6PU-00121-00033336-00033743 i need to move these over
ybM2eaDv6PU-00122-00033744-00033951 cog needs to be sync not yet though
ybM2eaDv6PU-00123-00033952-00034071 water needs to be
ybM2eaDv6PU-00124-00034072-00034471 sync i don't need water
ybM2eaDv6PU-00125-00034472-00034735 but i do need the cog to be synced let
ybM2eaDv6PU-00126-00034736-00034967 me get rid of this one
ybM2eaDv6PU-00127-00034968-00035455 and there we go thank you stream chat
ybM2eaDv6PU-00128-00035456-00035774 thank you i wasn't seeing it
ybM2eaDv6PU-00129-00035775-00036087 can i get a new level yet
ybM2eaDv6PU-00130-00036088-00036239 didn't get a new area that's not the
ybM2eaDv6PU-00131-00036240-00036399 right button i didn't want that we're
ybM2eaDv6PU-00132-00036400-00036487 doing this one
ybM2eaDv6PU-00133-00036488-00036799 alrighty fragility
ybM2eaDv6PU-00134-00036800-00037118 abba is weak oh
ybM2eaDv6PU-00135-00037119-00037390 baba is weak and can't stand being in
ybM2eaDv6PU-00136-00037391-00037446 bushes
ybM2eaDv6PU-00137-00037447-00037711 let me just change that real quick wait
ybM2eaDv6PU-00138-00037712-00038415 a minute skull is weak
ybM2eaDv6PU-00139-00038416-00038807 yes now i need it i need the rock to be
ybM2eaDv6PU-00140-00038808-00039062 weak
ybM2eaDv6PU-00141-00039063-00039279 not dwayne the rock johnson i just need
ybM2eaDv6PU-00142-00039280-00039578 the rock here to be weak
ybM2eaDv6PU-00143-00039579-00039846 [Music]
ybM2eaDv6PU-00144-00039847-00040407 and then when i push it
ybM2eaDv6PU-00145-00040408-00040727 yeah boy there we go
ybM2eaDv6PU-00146-00040728-00041190 that's how we do it oh wait i'm kk
ybM2eaDv6PU-00147-00041191-00041599 baba has rock is move
ybM2eaDv6PU-00148-00041600-00042055 we need to block baba
ybM2eaDv6PU-00149-00042056-00042214 damn it
ybM2eaDv6PU-00150-00042215-00042358 [Music]
ybM2eaDv6PU-00151-00042359-00042551 wait no maybe it doesn't matter okay
ybM2eaDv6PU-00152-00042552-00043262 maybe it does matter a little bit
ybM2eaDv6PU-00153-00043263-00043895 moderate sink flag is wind baba has
ybM2eaDv6PU-00154-00043896-00044030 only thing i can think of would be to
ybM2eaDv6PU-00155-00044031-00044255 stop baba from moving
ybM2eaDv6PU-00156-00044256-00044590 unless i can say rock has rock
ybM2eaDv6PU-00157-00044591-00044902 maybe i can say rock has rock and then
ybM2eaDv6PU-00158-00044903-00045167 when i push that rock in it's gonna be
ybM2eaDv6PU-00159-00045168-00045367 like oh hey another rock and then
ybM2eaDv6PU-00160-00045368-00045751 there we go
ybM2eaDv6PU-00161-00045752-00046055 okay so the rock has another rock in it
ybM2eaDv6PU-00162-00046056-00046471 so i do that i do that yeah there we go
ybM2eaDv6PU-00163-00046472-00046749 done okay rest in peace baba
ybM2eaDv6PU-00164-00046750-00046983 [Music]
ybM2eaDv6PU-00165-00046984-00047190 you died so i would have other rocks to
ybM2eaDv6PU-00166-00047191-00047374 push into the water
ybM2eaDv6PU-00167-00047375-00047683 so i can get to the victory victory
ybM2eaDv6PU-00168-00047684-00047815 thing
ybM2eaDv6PU-00169-00047816-00047990 your death will not be in vain brother
ybM2eaDv6PU-00170-00047991-00048118 love is you
ybM2eaDv6PU-00171-00048119-00048423 ah i feel loved now okay
ybM2eaDv6PU-00172-00048424-00048783 box has flag flag is win
ybM2eaDv6PU-00173-00048784-00049223 so all i have to do is move the box
ybM2eaDv6PU-00174-00049224-00049527 doesn't seem too bad oh
ybM2eaDv6PU-00175-00049528-00049846 no it does seem bad uh
ybM2eaDv6PU-00176-00049847-00050086 gonna get some way to move the box and
ybM2eaDv6PU-00177-00050087-00050415 break it
ybM2eaDv6PU-00178-00050416-00050855 i am melt i melt
ybM2eaDv6PU-00179-00050856-00051238 pain no no what if i get across
ybM2eaDv6PU-00180-00051239-00051479 and then switch myself to the box no
ybM2eaDv6PU-00181-00051479-00051582 that won't work
ybM2eaDv6PU-00182-00051583-00051775 that won't work gotta find some way to
ybM2eaDv6PU-00183-00051776-00051966 destroy the box
ybM2eaDv6PU-00184-00051967-00052246 wait what if since the bar what if the
ybM2eaDv6PU-00185-00052247-00052407 box
ybM2eaDv6PU-00186-00052408-00052726 became something else
ybM2eaDv6PU-00187-00052727-00052879 never mind it's gonna say what if the
ybM2eaDv6PU-00188-00052879-00053142 box transformed but would the box drop
ybM2eaDv6PU-00189-00053144-00053359 something if it did that
ybM2eaDv6PU-00190-00053360-00053766 apparently not i have no idea what to do
ybM2eaDv6PU-00191-00053767-00054150 i rearrange it so i can become the box
ybM2eaDv6PU-00192-00054151-00055054 for a little bit of time
ybM2eaDv6PU-00193-00055055-00055494 i can change it back the box has to melt
ybM2eaDv6PU-00194-00055495-00055719 what if i move the box over to that and
ybM2eaDv6PU-00195-00055720-00055942 then
ybM2eaDv6PU-00196-00055944-00056547 i just have to make it push real quick
ybM2eaDv6PU-00197-00056548-00057399 [Music]
ybM2eaDv6PU-00198-00057400-00057750 i move it over here i want to make it
ybM2eaDv6PU-00199-00057751-00058119 melt
ybM2eaDv6PU-00200-00058120-00058454 and there we go okay okay i got
ybM2eaDv6PU-00201-00058455-00058694 i got it i'm big braining it's just
ybM2eaDv6PU-00202-00058695-00058894 taking some time i'm sorry
ybM2eaDv6PU-00203-00058895-00059126 this will be the last level i do for
ybM2eaDv6PU-00204-00059127-00059535 this video
ybM2eaDv6PU-00205-00059536-00059854 unchartable ruins and oh i'm kicking
ybM2eaDv6PU-00206-00059855-00060199 okay so text
ybM2eaDv6PU-00207-00060200-00060966 is float why is text float
ybM2eaDv6PU-00208-00060967-00061201 so water sinks
ybM2eaDv6PU-00209-00061202-00061366 [Music]
ybM2eaDv6PU-00210-00061367-00061559 i can still move the text what am i
ybM2eaDv6PU-00211-00061560-00061759 doing
ybM2eaDv6PU-00212-00061760-00062166 that means i could do something very
ybM2eaDv6PU-00213-00062167-00062406 specific
ybM2eaDv6PU-00214-00062407-00062911 box has love love is defeat love is love
ybM2eaDv6PU-00215-00062912-00063284 but flag is win
ybM2eaDv6PU-00216-00063285-00063526 [Music]
ybM2eaDv6PU-00217-00063527-00063982 damn it gotta find some way to
ybM2eaDv6PU-00218-00063983-00064671 get in that what to find the box
ybM2eaDv6PU-00219-00064672-00065154 wait
ybM2eaDv6PU-00220-00065155-00065567 [Music]
ybM2eaDv6PU-00221-00065568-00065959 no that won't work
ybM2eaDv6PU-00222-00065960-00066303 my plan was what if i do this oh that is
ybM2eaDv6PU-00223-00066304-00066399 what i need to do
ybM2eaDv6PU-00224-00066400-00066863 okay
ybM2eaDv6PU-00225-00066864-00067303 so water sinks me
ybM2eaDv6PU-00226-00067304-00068711 i can't change it to i float
ybM2eaDv6PU-00227-00068712-00069038 aha got it got it
ybM2eaDv6PU-00228-00069039-00069447 what if i have a box but i am the box
ybM2eaDv6PU-00229-00069448-00069750 but if box has box but the box is a is
ybM2eaDv6PU-00230-00069751-00069800 you
ybM2eaDv6PU-00231-00069801-00070143 [Music]
ybM2eaDv6PU-00232-00070144-00070375 this happens can i make a penis out of
ybM2eaDv6PU-00233-00070376-00070447 this
ybM2eaDv6PU-00234-00070448-00070750 it's not even a penis it's a top hat but
ybM2eaDv6PU-00235-00070751-00070919 i'm calling it a dick
ybM2eaDv6PU-00236-00070920-00071135 all right there you go good enough very
ybM2eaDv6PU-00237-00071136-00071252 weird chode
ybM2eaDv6PU-00238-00071253-00071482 [Music]
ybM2eaDv6PU-00239-00071483-00071671 done i
ybM2eaDv6PU-00240-00071672-00072023 got it i logiced it out
ybM2eaDv6PU-00241-00072024-00072311 in my brain brain no one helped me
ybM2eaDv6PU-00242-00072312-00072487 literally no one helped me
ybM2eaDv6PU-00243-00072488-00072782 it's fine i didn't need help though i
ybM2eaDv6PU-00244-00072783-00072838 could have
ybM2eaDv6PU-00245-00072839-00072982 i would have appreciated it though if
ybM2eaDv6PU-00246-00072983-00073175 anyone did help me anyway
ybM2eaDv6PU-00247-00073176-00073423 that about does it for this episode bob
ybM2eaDv6PU-00248-00073424-00073535 is you thank you guys so much for
ybM2eaDv6PU-00249-00073536-00073679 watching i hope you enjoyed leave a like
ybM2eaDv6PU-00250-00073680-00073823 if you did subscribe for more let me
ybM2eaDv6PU-00251-00073824-00073935 know what you think comments below and
ybM2eaDv6PU-00252-00073936-00074038 thank you to these fine people for
ybM2eaDv6PU-00253-00074039-00074182 supporting me on patreon and twitch
ybM2eaDv6PU-00254-00074183-00074311 and if you're in the game yourself is in
ybM2eaDv6PU-00255-00074312-00074511 the description below thank you guys so
ybM2eaDv6PU-00256-00074512-00074647 much for watching and as always i will
ybM2eaDv6PU-00257-00074648-00075976 see you in the next video
ybM2eaDv6PU-00258-00075977-00076919 [Music]
ybM2eaDv6PU-00259-00076920-00077127 you
yciaPW_MXcg-00000-00000360-00000665 hi welcome back to Rebecca's travels or
yciaPW_MXcg-00001-00000666-00000827 if you're watching My Lifestyle Channel
yciaPW_MXcg-00002-00000827-00001150 welcome back to Rebecca's lifestyle and
yciaPW_MXcg-00003-00001151-00001415 I hope you're enjoying the weekend as
yciaPW_MXcg-00004-00001416-00001823 much as possible and up to now
yciaPW_MXcg-00005-00001823-00001918 um
yciaPW_MXcg-00006-00001919-00002213 and I hope everybody's well hi if you're
yciaPW_MXcg-00007-00002214-00002410 new here to my channel my name is back
yciaPW_MXcg-00008-00002411-00002602 and I love talking about travel and
yciaPW_MXcg-00009-00002603-00002939 lifestyle Please Subscribe and don't
yciaPW_MXcg-00010-00002940-00003245 forget to ring the notification Bell so
yciaPW_MXcg-00011-00003246-00003593 you never miss an upload and a big thank
yciaPW_MXcg-00012-00003594-00003886 you I'm really grateful
yciaPW_MXcg-00013-00003888-00004031 um for
yciaPW_MXcg-00014-00004032-00004465 oh the new subscribers and I'll
yciaPW_MXcg-00015-00004466-00004906 subscribers that have supported me
yciaPW_MXcg-00016-00004907-00005213 um a big thank you for that and the
yciaPW_MXcg-00017-00005214-00005470 weather in northwest leicestershire
yciaPW_MXcg-00018-00005471-00005902 today and there's a blue skies it's
yciaPW_MXcg-00019-00005903-00006496 sunny it it still seems pretty cold but
yciaPW_MXcg-00020-00006497-00006773 um again it's not raining or snowing
yciaPW_MXcg-00021-00006773-00007270 it's probably still I say but
yciaPW_MXcg-00022-00007272-00007931 um it's just this time of year really
yciaPW_MXcg-00023-00007931-00008489 and
yciaPW_MXcg-00024-00008490-00008783 um the improvements
yciaPW_MXcg-00025-00008784-00009107 and updates I'm going to be
yciaPW_MXcg-00026-00009108-00009174 um
yciaPW_MXcg-00027-00009175-00009473 subscribing and liking some more uh
yciaPW_MXcg-00028-00009474-00009809 YouTube channels and following more
yciaPW_MXcg-00029-00009810-00010091 um people on Twitter
yciaPW_MXcg-00030-00010092-00010414 um I'm also going to be doing more SEO
yciaPW_MXcg-00031-00010415-00010642 on both my travel and the lifestyle
yciaPW_MXcg-00032-00010643-00011010 channels so I can get my views up and
yciaPW_MXcg-00033-00011011-00011273 subscribers and
yciaPW_MXcg-00034-00011274-00011719 Etc
yciaPW_MXcg-00035-00011720-00011885 and
yciaPW_MXcg-00036-00011886-00012119 um next week
yciaPW_MXcg-00037-00012120-00012383 um I'm I'm going to kick off on Monday
yciaPW_MXcg-00038-00012384-00012659 with uh travel news worldwide 10
yciaPW_MXcg-00039-00012660-00012901 exciting facts January
yciaPW_MXcg-00040-00012902-00013288 2023 part four on Tuesday I'm going to
yciaPW_MXcg-00041-00013290-00013607 be doing travel news UK buyback site in
yciaPW_MXcg-00042-00013608-00014063 facts January 2023
yciaPW_MXcg-00043-00014063-00014266 um part four on Wednesday I'm going to
yciaPW_MXcg-00044-00014268-00014585 be doing a budget travel destinations
yciaPW_MXcg-00045-00014586-00014999 10 exciting countries to visit January
yciaPW_MXcg-00046-00015000-00015293 2023
yciaPW_MXcg-00047-00015294-00015730 at part one
yciaPW_MXcg-00048-00015731-00015983 and on Thursday I'm going to be doing a
yciaPW_MXcg-00049-00015984-00016288 luxury travel special 10 exciting facts
yciaPW_MXcg-00050-00016290-00016405 January
yciaPW_MXcg-00051-00016406-00016775 2023 uh part two
yciaPW_MXcg-00052-00016776-00017099 of the sorry part three
yciaPW_MXcg-00053-00017100-00017243 and
yciaPW_MXcg-00054-00017244-00017327 um
yciaPW_MXcg-00055-00017328-00017536 on Sunday I'm going to be doing my
yciaPW_MXcg-00056-00017537-00017839 travel on my lifestyle improvements
yciaPW_MXcg-00057-00017840-00018071 update some more
yciaPW_MXcg-00058-00018072-00018485 um both channels and so
yciaPW_MXcg-00059-00018486-00018839 I'm going to work at work today and I
yciaPW_MXcg-00060-00018840-00019277 hope to catch up on the mask at singer
yciaPW_MXcg-00061-00019278-00019517 tomorrow night
yciaPW_MXcg-00062-00019518-00019853 um as well as watching dancing on ice
yciaPW_MXcg-00063-00019854-00020230 and I would like to say thank you for
yciaPW_MXcg-00064-00020231-00020699 watching and bye for now and have a
yciaPW_MXcg-00065-00020700-00021265 a good weekend as possible thank you bye
yfZrc3csTPy-00000-00000114-00001910 [Music]
yfZrc3csTPy-00001-00001911-00002071 welcome back to our question of the week
yfZrc3csTPy-00002-00002072-00002142 series
yfZrc3csTPy-00003-00002143-00002487 let's get started as we have been doing
yfZrc3csTPy-00004-00002488-00002591 we're going to
yfZrc3csTPy-00005-00002592-00002767 hide our answer choices until we read
yfZrc3csTPy-00006-00002768-00002918 the question so that we don't get
yfZrc3csTPy-00007-00002919-00003110 distracted by the answer choices
yfZrc3csTPy-00008-00003111-00003311 and as always we start with the last
yfZrc3csTPy-00009-00003311-00003486 sentence which is our question before we
yfZrc3csTPy-00010-00003488-00003759 read the rest of the vignette
yfZrc3csTPy-00011-00003760-00003959 what insect is the most likely route of
yfZrc3csTPy-00012-00003960-00004359 transmission for this patient's illness
yfZrc3csTPy-00013-00004360-00004615 a 39 year old man living in honduras
yfZrc3csTPy-00014-00004616-00004783 presents to the clinic complaining of
yfZrc3csTPy-00015-00004784-00004886 constipation
yfZrc3csTPy-00016-00004887-00005151 and stomach pains for several months on
yfZrc3csTPy-00017-00005152-00005311 cardiac examination the physician
yfZrc3csTPy-00018-00005312-00005383 discovers a
yfZrc3csTPy-00019-00005384-00005631 laterally displaced point of maximal
yfZrc3csTPy-00020-00005632-00005767 impact
yfZrc3csTPy-00021-00005768-00005959 chest and abdominal x-rays reveal a
yfZrc3csTPy-00022-00005960-00006151 pulmonary congestion
yfZrc3csTPy-00023-00006152-00006454 cardiomegaly and megacolon
yfZrc3csTPy-00024-00006455-00006623 symptomatic treatment is all that can be
yfZrc3csTPy-00025-00006623-00006846 offered to this patient so what insects
yfZrc3csTPy-00026-00006847-00006991 the most likely root of transmission for
yfZrc3csTPy-00027-00006992-00007287 this patient's illness
yfZrc3csTPy-00028-00007288-00007623 well we're looking for something
yfZrc3csTPy-00029-00007623-00007910 that causes a disease that gives us
yfZrc3csTPy-00030-00007911-00008087 pulmonary congestion cardiomegaly
yfZrc3csTPy-00031-00008088-00008287 megacolon
yfZrc3csTPy-00032-00008288-00008439 that cardiomegaly is what's dis
yfZrc3csTPy-00033-00008440-00008567 laterally displacing the point of
yfZrc3csTPy-00034-00008568-00008767 maximum impact
yfZrc3csTPy-00035-00008768-00008935 uh he's also having constipation and
yfZrc3csTPy-00036-00008936-00009183 stomach pains so all that together
yfZrc3csTPy-00037-00009184-00009439 we're looking for a organism that's
yfZrc3csTPy-00038-00009440-00009567 transmitted
yfZrc3csTPy-00039-00009568-00009967 by an insect so let's see what we got
yfZrc3csTPy-00040-00009968-00010287 a anopheles mosquito b
yfZrc3csTPy-00041-00010288-00010678 exody's tick c reduved bug
yfZrc3csTPy-00042-00010679-00011223 d sandfly or e ct fly
yfZrc3csTPy-00043-00011224-00011414 take a minute come up with your answer
yfZrc3csTPy-00044-00011415-00011574 and write your answer in the comments
yfZrc3csTPy-00045-00011575-00012206 below
yfZrc3csTPy-00046-00012207-00012503 well i know that the anopheles mosquito
yfZrc3csTPy-00047-00012504-00012703 transmits malaria
yfZrc3csTPy-00048-00012704-00013063 and this doesn't seem to fit malaria
yfZrc3csTPy-00049-00013063-00013238 signs and symptoms so i'm going to
yfZrc3csTPy-00050-00013240-00013591 mark that one out the exotis
yfZrc3csTPy-00051-00013591-00013958 tick that one transmits lyme disease
yfZrc3csTPy-00052-00013959-00014215 we're not seeing any type of indication
yfZrc3csTPy-00053-00014216-00014703 this is lyme disease or babiesosa
yfZrc3csTPy-00054-00014704-00015015 and and lyme disease
yfZrc3csTPy-00055-00015016-00015263 locations don't really fit someone in
yfZrc3csTPy-00056-00015263-00015415 honduras that's going to be more in the
yfZrc3csTPy-00057-00015416-00015558 united states
yfZrc3csTPy-00058-00015559-00015815 up in the northeast towards the central
yfZrc3csTPy-00059-00015816-00015958 portion of the united states
yfZrc3csTPy-00060-00015959-00016135 so the exodus tick probably not going to
yfZrc3csTPy-00061-00016136-00016343 be my answer here
yfZrc3csTPy-00062-00016344-00016703 the reduvid bug this could possibly be
yfZrc3csTPy-00063-00016704-00016775 it
yfZrc3csTPy-00064-00016776-00016919 so let's leave this here and come back
yfZrc3csTPy-00065-00016920-00017094 to it d
yfZrc3csTPy-00066-00017095-00017415 sandfly sand flies um
yfZrc3csTPy-00067-00017416-00017767 this is we see transmitting
yfZrc3csTPy-00068-00017768-00018135 stuff kala azar leishmaniasis
yfZrc3csTPy-00069-00018136-00018350 i don't think that any of this is going
yfZrc3csTPy-00070-00018351-00018535 to be
yfZrc3csTPy-00071-00018536-00018983 seen with this particular patient
yfZrc3csTPy-00072-00018984-00019222 this doesn't seem to fit to me sandfly
yfZrc3csTPy-00073-00019223-00019583 and then our ctc fly
yfZrc3csTPy-00074-00019584-00019750 african sleeping sickness i remember
yfZrc3csTPy-00075-00019751-00019927 sleeping flying african sleeping
yfZrc3csTPy-00076-00019928-00020214 sickness associated with each other
yfZrc3csTPy-00077-00020215-00020447 i don't think that's what this is let's
yfZrc3csTPy-00078-00020448-00020567 just leave it and go back
yfZrc3csTPy-00079-00020568-00020822 here let's look at c reduved bug we're
yfZrc3csTPy-00080-00020823-00020919 dovid bug this
yfZrc3csTPy-00081-00020920-00021175 is if everything i remember chaga's
yfZrc3csTPy-00082-00021176-00021230 disease
yfZrc3csTPy-00083-00021231-00021663 chaga's disease um gives us
yfZrc3csTPy-00084-00021664-00021799 things that would fit here that
yfZrc3csTPy-00085-00021800-00022022 pulmonary congestion is a possible
yfZrc3csTPy-00086-00022023-00022311 um a side effect of chagas disease
yfZrc3csTPy-00087-00022312-00022486 cardiomegaly definitely with chagas
yfZrc3csTPy-00088-00022487-00022622 disease
yfZrc3csTPy-00089-00022623-00022822 so from what i'm remembering seeing i
yfZrc3csTPy-00090-00022823-00023014 think c fits better
yfZrc3csTPy-00091-00023015-00023255 with this answer so i'm going to go with
yfZrc3csTPy-00092-00023256-00023671 c is my final answer
yfZrc3csTPy-00093-00023672-00023942 and c is the correct answer so this is
yfZrc3csTPy-00094-00023943-00024103 the reduvid bug
yfZrc3csTPy-00095-00024104-00024422 that transmits tropanosoma cruisy which
yfZrc3csTPy-00096-00024423-00024647 is what causes chagas disease
yfZrc3csTPy-00097-00024648-00024903 so our acute symptoms with chagas
yfZrc3csTPy-00098-00024904-00025078 disease can be the shagomas
yfZrc3csTPy-00099-00025079-00025383 which are small skin granulomas
yfZrc3csTPy-00100-00025384-00025639 that um it's caused by a multiplication
yfZrc3csTPy-00101-00025639-00025758 of that pathogen
yfZrc3csTPy-00102-00025760-00026134 along the skin uh we can get myocarditis
yfZrc3csTPy-00103-00026135-00026374 we can get congestive heart failure but
yfZrc3csTPy-00104-00026375-00026551 then in severe cases
yfZrc3csTPy-00105-00026552-00026814 we can see or severe or more chronic
yfZrc3csTPy-00106-00026816-00027023 cases we can see arrhythmias we can see
yfZrc3csTPy-00107-00027024-00027246 dilated cardiomyopathy
yfZrc3csTPy-00108-00027247-00027367 which is where we're going to get that
yfZrc3csTPy-00109-00027368-00027607 displacement of the
yfZrc3csTPy-00110-00027608-00027774 lateral displacement of the maximum
yfZrc3csTPy-00111-00027775-00028031 point of maximal impact
yfZrc3csTPy-00112-00028032-00028335 megacolon is a another side effect
yfZrc3csTPy-00113-00028336-00028695 of shygus disease as far as treatment
yfZrc3csTPy-00114-00028695-00028774 goes
yfZrc3csTPy-00115-00028775-00029023 like we said here that symptomatic
yfZrc3csTPy-00116-00029024-00029158 treatment is all that could be offered
yfZrc3csTPy-00117-00029160-00029270 to this patient
yfZrc3csTPy-00118-00029272-00029527 so how do we treat this well we're going
yfZrc3csTPy-00119-00029527-00029599 to treat this
yfZrc3csTPy-00120-00029600-00030014 with knife your demox
yfZrc3csTPy-00121-00030016-00030223 and that helps us with during the acute
yfZrc3csTPy-00122-00030224-00030455 stage of infection
yfZrc3csTPy-00123-00030456-00030790 and oftentimes the reduvid bug is found
yfZrc3csTPy-00124-00030791-00031199 in central and south america
yfZrc3csTPy-00125-00031200-00031479 so this fits in with the location of
yfZrc3csTPy-00126-00031480-00032694 this patient in honduras
yfZrc3csTPy-00127-00032695-00033343 [Music]
yfZrc3csTPy-00128-00033344-00033552 you
yiecyaT_QEy-00000-00001196-00001410 I'm gonna win this game
yiecyaT_QEy-00001-00001411-00001722 I can taste the chicken I dig it
yiecyaT_QEy-00002-00001723-00002178 guess what I'm gonna kill you go may as
yiecyaT_QEy-00003-00002179-00002331 well just leave the game now because
yiecyaT_QEy-00004-00002332-00002553 you're gonna die there's going to be a
yiecyaT_QEy-00005-00002554-00002778 Wong these are my buildings we'll see
yiecyaT_QEy-00006-00002779-00002838 about that
yiecyaT_QEy-00007-00002839-00005404 Oh
yiecyaT_QEy-00008-00005405-00006570 [Music]
yiecyaT_QEy-00009-00006572-00006790 breathes again
yiecyaT_QEy-00010-00006791-00007409 sleep don't move a muscle yeah you sound
yiecyaT_QEy-00011-00007409-00007735 a bit salty there oh yes you are you're
yiecyaT_QEy-00012-00007736-00008042 salty hey how much health yeah none of
yiecyaT_QEy-00013-00008043-00008573 your business I knew I was gonna win
yiecyaT_QEy-00014-00008574-00009261 this game
yiecyaT_QEy-00015-00009262-00009552 [Music]
yiecyaT_QEy-00016-00009553-00009615 [Applause]
yiecyaT_QEy-00017-00009616-00010193 [Music]
yiecyaT_QEy-00018-00010194-00010208 [Applause]
yiecyaT_QEy-00019-00010209-00010949 [Music]
yjDZVwzR3_E-00000-00000504-00002907 [Music]
yjDZVwzR3_E-00001-00002908-00005222 [Music]
yjDZVwzR3_E-00002-00005223-00007183 so
yjDZVwzR3_E-00003-00007184-00007712 you
yjDZVwzR3_E-00004-00007713-00008798 [Music]
yjDZVwzR3_E-00005-00008799-00011087 [Music]
yjDZVwzR3_E-00006-00011088-00011296 you
yjbXOp8hsL4-00000-00001559-00001718 all right so
yjbXOp8hsL4-00001-00001719-00001934 let's start our discussion from where we
yjbXOp8hsL4-00002-00001935-00002079 left and
yjbXOp8hsL4-00003-00002080-00002326 we started looking at the methods where
yjbXOp8hsL4-00004-00002327-00002526 we can associate the
yjbXOp8hsL4-00005-00002527-00003134 passing effects within
yjbXOp8hsL4-00006-00003135-00003406 and we looked at four possibilities
yjbXOp8hsL4-00007-00003407-00004679 and we are saying that if we draw a grid
yjbXOp8hsL4-00008-00004680-00004943 so we have synthesized directly groups
yjbXOp8hsL4-00009-00004944-00005063 and
yjbXOp8hsL4-00010-00005064-00005270 we had inherited aptitudes and then we
yjbXOp8hsL4-00011-00005271-00005399 were looking at
yjbXOp8hsL4-00012-00005400-00005622 two parking methods which are top down
yjbXOp8hsL4-00013-00005623-00006254 and bottom of our fin
yjbXOp8hsL4-00014-00006255-00006518 and at least on one we agreed that when
yjbXOp8hsL4-00015-00006519-00006687 it comes to bottom of parchment you can
yjbXOp8hsL4-00016-00006688-00006895 decide that you lose this was something
yjbXOp8hsL4-00017-00006895-00006998 which was
yjbXOp8hsL4-00018-00007000-00007134 simple to do
yjbXOp8hsL4-00019-00007136-00007383 and when it came to top down and
yjbXOp8hsL4-00020-00007384-00007631 inherited then we said that at least in
yjbXOp8hsL4-00021-00007631-00007863 some cases we may be able to do it that
yjbXOp8hsL4-00022-00007864-00008031 means if i only have inherited
yjbXOp8hsL4-00023-00008031-00008191 attributes and actually
yjbXOp8hsL4-00024-00008192-00008278 only
yjbXOp8hsL4-00025-00008279-00008487 nodes which have already been here
yjbXOp8hsL4-00026-00008488-00008710 but we don't know how to do that so this
yjbXOp8hsL4-00027-00008711-00008823 was a
yjbXOp8hsL4-00028-00008824-00009046 slight question mark but top down and
yjbXOp8hsL4-00029-00009047-00009191 synthesized
yjbXOp8hsL4-00030-00009192-00009271 was
yjbXOp8hsL4-00031-00009272-00009542 a big question mark and bottom up and
yjbXOp8hsL4-00032-00009543-00009735 inherited was
yjbXOp8hsL4-00033-00009736-00009951 another issue
yjbXOp8hsL4-00034-00009952-00010142 but since we have two parking methods
yjbXOp8hsL4-00035-00010143-00010319 and two kind of attributes
yjbXOp8hsL4-00036-00010320-00010503 we cannot put a restriction on what kind
yjbXOp8hsL4-00037-00010504-00010599 of
yjbXOp8hsL4-00038-00010600-00010846 attribute equations compiler writers may
yjbXOp8hsL4-00039-00010847-00011006 decide to use
yjbXOp8hsL4-00040-00011007-00011199 we have to track all these problems
yjbXOp8hsL4-00041-00011200-00011471 ultimately the goal is that i should be
yjbXOp8hsL4-00042-00011472-00011599 able to put
yjbXOp8hsL4-00043-00011600-00011806 a tick in every box
yjbXOp8hsL4-00044-00011807-00011927 right
yjbXOp8hsL4-00045-00011928-00012127 so let's look at at least the one which
yjbXOp8hsL4-00046-00012128-00012359 is the simplest which is the
yjbXOp8hsL4-00047-00012360-00012631 bottom up and synthesized attributes
yjbXOp8hsL4-00048-00012632-00013046 only and how do i now change my parser
yjbXOp8hsL4-00049-00013047-00013191 so that i can evaluate all the
yjbXOp8hsL4-00050-00013191-00013535 synthesizers
yjbXOp8hsL4-00051-00013536-00013647 because now we are talking about
yjbXOp8hsL4-00052-00013647-00013951 implementation no longer just the
yjbXOp8hsL4-00053-00013952-00014143 specifications
yjbXOp8hsL4-00054-00014144-00014407 now if you go back and recall you had
yjbXOp8hsL4-00055-00014408-00014558 something called
yjbXOp8hsL4-00056-00014559-00015191 a state stack
yjbXOp8hsL4-00057-00015191-00015407 what did state stack contain
yjbXOp8hsL4-00058-00015408-00015711 and the bottom of parcel
yjbXOp8hsL4-00059-00015712-00015871 what are these sofa which have not been
yjbXOp8hsL4-00060-00015872-00015983 reduced
yjbXOp8hsL4-00061-00015984-00016127 states visited so far which have not
yjbXOp8hsL4-00062-00016128-00016279 been reduced
yjbXOp8hsL4-00063-00016280-00016567 states whatever has been shifted
yjbXOp8hsL4-00064-00016568-00016719 whatever has been shifted is on the
yjbXOp8hsL4-00065-00016720-00016886 state side okay so we had some state
yjbXOp8hsL4-00066-00016887-00017103 symbols and we have some grammars
yjbXOp8hsL4-00067-00017104-00017319 of three symbols are only capturing the
yjbXOp8hsL4-00068-00017320-00017503 information there okay now there are
yjbXOp8hsL4-00069-00017504-00017663 implementations where you will not have
yjbXOp8hsL4-00070-00017664-00017886 to worry about grammar symbols at all
yjbXOp8hsL4-00071-00017887-00018063 and you will just work with the state
yjbXOp8hsL4-00072-00018064-00018271 symbols because that's the only
yjbXOp8hsL4-00073-00018272-00018486 information you require but
yjbXOp8hsL4-00074-00018487-00018743 assume that for logical reasons we have
yjbXOp8hsL4-00075-00018744-00018958 all the information about the grammar
yjbXOp8hsL4-00076-00018959-00019119 symbols from the stack
yjbXOp8hsL4-00077-00019120-00019230 when it is
yjbXOp8hsL4-00078-00019231-00019463 equivalent so really doesn't matter
yjbXOp8hsL4-00079-00019464-00019607 now suppose i have
yjbXOp8hsL4-00080-00019608-00020007 a rule like this it says
yjbXOp8hsL4-00081-00020008-00020311 a goes to x y this is my grammar rule
yjbXOp8hsL4-00082-00020312-00020511 and corresponding to this i have an
yjbXOp8hsL4-00083-00020512-00020703 attribute equation of the form which
yjbXOp8hsL4-00084-00020704-00020983 says that attribute of a is a function
yjbXOp8hsL4-00085-00020984-00021247 of f of x
yjbXOp8hsL4-00086-00021248-00021455 and an sd root of
yjbXOp8hsL4-00087-00021456-00021622 y
yjbXOp8hsL4-00088-00021623-00021822 and these are all synthesized because we
yjbXOp8hsL4-00089-00021823-00022191 are talking about asset definitions
yjbXOp8hsL4-00090-00022192-00022414 now we need to do this evaluation as we
yjbXOp8hsL4-00091-00022415-00022630 are going through the reduction now
yjbXOp8hsL4-00092-00022631-00022847 obviously before the reduction happens
yjbXOp8hsL4-00093-00022848-00022991 what was the symbols what will be the
yjbXOp8hsL4-00094-00022992-00023158 symbol suppose this is my
yjbXOp8hsL4-00095-00023159-00023375 top of stack okay
yjbXOp8hsL4-00096-00023376-00023575 what will be my state what will be the
yjbXOp8hsL4-00097-00023576-00023847 top two entries in the
yjbXOp8hsL4-00098-00023848-00024199 stack
yjbXOp8hsL4-00099-00024200-00026718 before this reduction happens
yjbXOp8hsL4-00100-00026719-00027167 x and y
yjbXOp8hsL4-00101-00027168-00027462 right
yjbXOp8hsL4-00102-00027463-00027718 and after reduction i am going to
yjbXOp8hsL4-00103-00027719-00027911 pop these two symbols and i am going to
yjbXOp8hsL4-00104-00027912-00028039 push
yjbXOp8hsL4-00105-00028039-00028295 a on the stack
yjbXOp8hsL4-00106-00028295-00028567 now suppose in addition to state stack
yjbXOp8hsL4-00107-00028568-00028839 i also have what we know as a value
yjbXOp8hsL4-00108-00028839-00028967 stack
yjbXOp8hsL4-00109-00028968-00029151 so i am now looking at
yjbXOp8hsL4-00110-00029152-00029367 the implementation and corresponding to
yjbXOp8hsL4-00111-00029368-00029623 every symbol what i can do is i can have
yjbXOp8hsL4-00112-00029624-00029743 a value
yjbXOp8hsL4-00113-00029744-00030087 and a state the same stack pointer
yjbXOp8hsL4-00114-00030088-00030399 that means attributes of x can be kept
yjbXOp8hsL4-00115-00030400-00030495 here
yjbXOp8hsL4-00116-00030495-00030614 and
yjbXOp8hsL4-00117-00030616-00030799 attribute of
yjbXOp8hsL4-00118-00030800-00031151 y can be captured
yjbXOp8hsL4-00119-00031152-00031302 before reduction
yjbXOp8hsL4-00120-00031303-00031502 and now when i do reduction what do i
yjbXOp8hsL4-00121-00031503-00031743 need to do i need to take these two
yjbXOp8hsL4-00122-00031744-00032135 values and then i compute a using this
yjbXOp8hsL4-00123-00032136-00032423 function and then after reduction i just
yjbXOp8hsL4-00124-00032424-00032518 push
yjbXOp8hsL4-00125-00032519-00032718 attribute of a on the stack which is the
yjbXOp8hsL4-00126-00032719-00032974 value stack
yjbXOp8hsL4-00127-00032975-00033151 then my problem is solved because all i
yjbXOp8hsL4-00128-00033152-00033390 need to do is contain additional stack
yjbXOp8hsL4-00129-00033391-00033590 of make an additional stack which
yjbXOp8hsL4-00130-00033591-00033735 contains all the values of the
yjbXOp8hsL4-00131-00033736-00033990 attributes and the same stack pointer
yjbXOp8hsL4-00132-00033991-00034246 will work for this and as i am pushing
yjbXOp8hsL4-00133-00034247-00034574 the symbol simultaneously in this stack
yjbXOp8hsL4-00134-00034575-00034999 i push the corresponding attribute
yjbXOp8hsL4-00135-00035000-00035255 so how will my equations look okay that
yjbXOp8hsL4-00136-00035256-00035567 now i can say that if this is the kind
yjbXOp8hsL4-00137-00035568-00035718 of equation i have this is the kind of
yjbXOp8hsL4-00138-00035719-00035927 attribute equation i have for this
yjbXOp8hsL4-00139-00035928-00036102 grammar rule if i want to write it in
yjbXOp8hsL4-00140-00036103-00036223 terms of
yjbXOp8hsL4-00141-00036224-00036446 values stack what will i do i will say
yjbXOp8hsL4-00142-00036447-00036559 that
yjbXOp8hsL4-00143-00036560-00036799 suppose i am computing now
yjbXOp8hsL4-00144-00036800-00037087 value which is
yjbXOp8hsL4-00145-00037088-00037271 value which will come at
yjbXOp8hsL4-00146-00037272-00037455 the new torque
yjbXOp8hsL4-00147-00037456-00037655 which will come here how will i compute
yjbXOp8hsL4-00148-00037656-00037855 that i am just going to say that this is
yjbXOp8hsL4-00149-00037856-00038255 nothing but a function of
yjbXOp8hsL4-00150-00038256-00038390 value at
yjbXOp8hsL4-00151-00038391-00038535 the top
yjbXOp8hsL4-00152-00038536-00038630 and
yjbXOp8hsL4-00153-00038631-00039046 value x
yjbXOp8hsL4-00154-00039047-00039295 top minus one
yjbXOp8hsL4-00155-00039296-00039599 okay and what is new top new top
yjbXOp8hsL4-00156-00039600-00039846 obviously is
yjbXOp8hsL4-00157-00039847-00040102 before reduction if i take top
yjbXOp8hsL4-00158-00040103-00040223 and if i
yjbXOp8hsL4-00159-00040224-00040415 then say that length right hand side is
yjbXOp8hsL4-00160-00040416-00040743 r then i have to reduce this block by r
yjbXOp8hsL4-00161-00040744-00040958 and then i have to add one to this so if
yjbXOp8hsL4-00162-00040959-00041167 this is where my stack pointer was and
yjbXOp8hsL4-00163-00041168-00041415 this length is 2 then i subtract 2 from
yjbXOp8hsL4-00164-00041416-00041655 the stack pointer and add 1 to this to
yjbXOp8hsL4-00165-00041656-00041902 push this value of a here
yjbXOp8hsL4-00166-00041903-00042102 and after reduction what happens top
yjbXOp8hsL4-00167-00042103-00042262 becomes
yjbXOp8hsL4-00168-00042263-00042951 so this is before reduction
yjbXOp8hsL4-00169-00042952-00043327 and this is
yjbXOp8hsL4-00170-00043328-00043646 after reduction of becomes
yjbXOp8hsL4-00171-00043647-00043999 new
yjbXOp8hsL4-00172-00044000-00044311 so now i can take all my attribute
yjbXOp8hsL4-00173-00044312-00044518 equations and i can give an
yjbXOp8hsL4-00174-00044519-00044999 implementation in terms of the values
yjbXOp8hsL4-00175-00045000-00045223 and now suppose they are symbols which
yjbXOp8hsL4-00176-00045224-00045487 do not have a corresponding
yjbXOp8hsL4-00177-00045488-00047167 active group and what will i do
yjbXOp8hsL4-00178-00047168-00047302 right
yjbXOp8hsL4-00179-00047303-00047567 so this is to begin with this is empty
yjbXOp8hsL4-00180-00047568-00047718 if i find there is no corresponding
yjbXOp8hsL4-00181-00047719-00047983 attribute i just leave that empty okay
yjbXOp8hsL4-00182-00047984-00048143 so that i have the same stack pointer
yjbXOp8hsL4-00183-00048144-00048374 which is manipulating both state and the
yjbXOp8hsL4-00184-00048375-00048607 value side
yjbXOp8hsL4-00185-00048608-00049430 will that work
yjbXOp8hsL4-00186-00049431-00049607 yes no
yjbXOp8hsL4-00187-00049608-00049830 this is clear how we implement
yjbXOp8hsL4-00188-00049831-00050102 at least this part that for synthesized
yjbXOp8hsL4-00189-00050103-00050318 attributes and bottom up parser how can
yjbXOp8hsL4-00190-00050319-00050543 i implement this okay now some parcels
yjbXOp8hsL4-00191-00050544-00050671 may provide
yjbXOp8hsL4-00192-00050672-00050879 built-in facilities for this okay so
yjbXOp8hsL4-00193-00050880-00051071 like parts of that like yeah we'll
yjbXOp8hsL4-00194-00051072-00051263 provide you all these dollar dollar
yjbXOp8hsL4-00195-00051264-00051502 mechanism but basically this is this
yjbXOp8hsL4-00196-00051503-00051782 remains the implementation
yjbXOp8hsL4-00197-00051783-00052070 so this is how it happens that i am
yjbXOp8hsL4-00198-00052071-00052350 going to
yjbXOp8hsL4-00199-00052351-00052599 evaluate all these attributes while i am
yjbXOp8hsL4-00200-00052600-00052815 parsing and whenever reduction is made
yjbXOp8hsL4-00201-00052816-00053054 value of the new synthesized attribute
yjbXOp8hsL4-00202-00053055-00053423 is computed from the attributes of the
yjbXOp8hsL4-00203-00053424-00053615 right hand side which are already on the
yjbXOp8hsL4-00204-00053616-00053854 stack okay and then
yjbXOp8hsL4-00205-00053855-00053991 all we are going to do is we are going
yjbXOp8hsL4-00206-00053991-00054215 to extend the stack to hold the values
yjbXOp8hsL4-00207-00054216-00054391 so i have a state stack and i have a
yjbXOp8hsL4-00208-00054391-00054599 value stack state stack we have already
yjbXOp8hsL4-00209-00054600-00054823 seen when we were doing a bottom of
yjbXOp8hsL4-00210-00054824-00055063 parsing and value stack is what we
yjbXOp8hsL4-00211-00055064-00055319 produce now and current top of stack is
yjbXOp8hsL4-00212-00055320-00055575 created by the pointer form okay and
yjbXOp8hsL4-00213-00055576-00055815 then we say that if this is the kind of
yjbXOp8hsL4-00214-00055816-00056047 attribute equation i have and this is
yjbXOp8hsL4-00215-00056048-00056279 associated with sub production
yjbXOp8hsL4-00216-00056279-00056366 then
yjbXOp8hsL4-00217-00056367-00056711 before reducing x y z to a value of z is
yjbXOp8hsL4-00218-00056712-00056935 in the top okay and value of y is top
yjbXOp8hsL4-00219-00056936-00057175 minus seven value of x is in top minus
yjbXOp8hsL4-00220-00057176-00057415 two right this is
yjbXOp8hsL4-00221-00057416-00057575 how it is going to be pushed left hand
yjbXOp8hsL4-00222-00057576-00057647 side
yjbXOp8hsL4-00223-00057648-00057903 lower and the right hand side at the top
yjbXOp8hsL4-00224-00057904-00058038 of the stack okay
yjbXOp8hsL4-00225-00058039-00058335 and if symbol has no attitude then np is
yjbXOp8hsL4-00226-00058336-00058542 just left as undefined
yjbXOp8hsL4-00227-00058544-00058742 and after reduction top is decremented
yjbXOp8hsL4-00228-00058744-00058911 by two and
yjbXOp8hsL4-00229-00058912-00059191 state which covers a which is now the
yjbXOp8hsL4-00230-00059191-00059423 left hand side of the production after
yjbXOp8hsL4-00231-00059424-00059638 reduction that is pushed
yjbXOp8hsL4-00232-00059639-00059711 off
yjbXOp8hsL4-00233-00059712-00060007 okay so if this is the kind of grammar i
yjbXOp8hsL4-00234-00060008-00060279 have and this is what grammars i started
yjbXOp8hsL4-00235-00060279-00060487 with suppose i was to write all the
yjbXOp8hsL4-00236-00060488-00060750 actions now in terms of the values
yjbXOp8hsL4-00237-00060751-00061150 how will i do that
yjbXOp8hsL4-00238-00061151-00061815 i want to have a category
yjbXOp8hsL4-00239-00061816-00061887 so
yjbXOp8hsL4-00240-00061888-00062119 use the similar logic and write the
yjbXOp8hsL4-00241-00062120-00062366 rules here
yjbXOp8hsL4-00242-00062367-00062479 so that
yjbXOp8hsL4-00243-00062479-00062630 you have already seen this example of
yjbXOp8hsL4-00244-00062632-00062847 best calculator that when i do reduction
yjbXOp8hsL4-00245-00062848-00063087 by this rule i want to have the value of
yjbXOp8hsL4-00246-00063088-00063326 the expression that means value of
yjbXOp8hsL4-00247-00063327-00063479 expression when i do this reduction what
yjbXOp8hsL4-00248-00063479-00063687 will be at the top of the stack of stack
yjbXOp8hsL4-00249-00063688-00063815 will contain
yjbXOp8hsL4-00250-00063816-00063887 and
yjbXOp8hsL4-00251-00063888-00064038 everything has been reduced to the start
yjbXOp8hsL4-00252-00064039-00064303 symbol and therefore the value stack
yjbXOp8hsL4-00253-00064304-00064471 corresponding to that must have value of
yjbXOp8hsL4-00254-00064472-00064711 average okay so what kind of action
yjbXOp8hsL4-00255-00064712-00064879 rules i will write here
yjbXOp8hsL4-00256-00064879-00065166 okay what about this when i say f is
yjbXOp8hsL4-00257-00065167-00065767 assigned again
yjbXOp8hsL4-00258-00065768-00065982 there's no f l now there is only a stack
yjbXOp8hsL4-00259-00065983-00066206 there are attributes attitudes have been
yjbXOp8hsL4-00260-00066207-00066415 changed into terms of the stack here so
yjbXOp8hsL4-00261-00066416-00066638 don't get stuck to that valor pointer
yjbXOp8hsL4-00262-00066639-00066926 frame about no
yjbXOp8hsL4-00263-00066927-00067150 right so talk only in terms of as if
yjbXOp8hsL4-00264-00067151-00067287 there is a value stack there is a stack
yjbXOp8hsL4-00265-00067288-00067455 pointer and then keep adding these
yjbXOp8hsL4-00266-00067456-00067559 values
yjbXOp8hsL4-00267-00067560-00067703 okay on the stack
yjbXOp8hsL4-00268-00067704-00067806 okay
yjbXOp8hsL4-00269-00067807-00068294 so what about this okay let's see this
yjbXOp8hsL4-00270-00068295-00069143 and i have this rule
yjbXOp8hsL4-00271-00069144-00069319 value stack doesn't change of course it
yjbXOp8hsL4-00272-00069320-00069535 does
yjbXOp8hsL4-00273-00069536-00069663 there's three symbols on the right hand
yjbXOp8hsL4-00274-00069664-00070375 side
yjbXOp8hsL4-00275-00070376-00070799 top value is so new top is
yjbXOp8hsL4-00276-00070800-00070919 top minus
yjbXOp8hsL4-00277-00070920-00071287 one
yjbXOp8hsL4-00278-00071288-00072438 so this is my stack right
yjbXOp8hsL4-00279-00072439-00072655 this is where the value of e is
yjbXOp8hsL4-00280-00072656-00072743 right
yjbXOp8hsL4-00281-00072744-00073015 and after i pop this this and this this
yjbXOp8hsL4-00282-00073016-00073199 value should appear here
yjbXOp8hsL4-00283-00073200-00073447 okay so value of n top is going to be
yjbXOp8hsL4-00284-00073448-00073631 value of top minus one that is before
yjbXOp8hsL4-00285-00073632-00073943 reduction and after reduction top is
yjbXOp8hsL4-00286-00073944-00074175 same as n bond right and what is really
yjbXOp8hsL4-00287-00074176-00074494 on top and top will be top minus 3 plus
yjbXOp8hsL4-00288-00074495-00074726 1 that is top minus 2 here
yjbXOp8hsL4-00289-00074727-00074911 okay so that is where the value will
yjbXOp8hsL4-00290-00074912-00075119 come after reduction the new value will
yjbXOp8hsL4-00291-00075120-00075311 be here because after reduction all
yjbXOp8hsL4-00292-00075312-00075479 these three symbols are going to be
yjbXOp8hsL4-00293-00075480-00076143 popped and f is going to be pushed here
yjbXOp8hsL4-00294-00076144-00076343 right ok so this is how rules will
yjbXOp8hsL4-00295-00076344-00076559 appear that if i say
yjbXOp8hsL4-00296-00076560-00076847 for bracketed expression value of n top
yjbXOp8hsL4-00297-00076848-00077023 is going to be value of
yjbXOp8hsL4-00298-00077024-00077238 top minus one which is coming because of
yjbXOp8hsL4-00299-00077239-00077494 this because right bracket is on the top
yjbXOp8hsL4-00300-00077495-00077679 this is at top minus one this is the top
yjbXOp8hsL4-00301-00077680-00077847 minus two okay
yjbXOp8hsL4-00302-00077848-00078055 what about this okay here i will say
yjbXOp8hsL4-00303-00078056-00078247 that n top is nothing but i will have to
yjbXOp8hsL4-00304-00078248-00078375 take
yjbXOp8hsL4-00305-00078376-00078455 top
yjbXOp8hsL4-00306-00078456-00078687 and i'll have to take top minus 2 and
yjbXOp8hsL4-00307-00078688-00078967 multiply the two values
yjbXOp8hsL4-00308-00078968-00079191 and what about this
yjbXOp8hsL4-00309-00079192-00079406 same thing but the multiplication will
yjbXOp8hsL4-00310-00079407-00079535 be replaced by
yjbXOp8hsL4-00311-00079536-00079838 addition
yjbXOp8hsL4-00312-00079839-00080119 okay what about action of this this and
yjbXOp8hsL4-00313-00080120-00080223 this
yjbXOp8hsL4-00314-00080224-00080415 what will happen here
yjbXOp8hsL4-00315-00080416-00080655 so what about action of this e going to
yjbXOp8hsL4-00316-00080656-00081982 be
yjbXOp8hsL4-00317-00081983-00082118 because what is happening here is that
yjbXOp8hsL4-00318-00082119-00082271 my stack is
yjbXOp8hsL4-00319-00082272-00082615 containing p and then this is value of t
yjbXOp8hsL4-00320-00082616-00082806 then i replace this by e
yjbXOp8hsL4-00321-00082807-00083023 okay the value is the same
yjbXOp8hsL4-00322-00083024-00083159 so i don't have to write an action at
yjbXOp8hsL4-00323-00083160-00083279 all
yjbXOp8hsL4-00324-00083280-00083471 so remember that in default then you had
yjbXOp8hsL4-00325-00083472-00083718 yak dollar dollar is never assigned
yjbXOp8hsL4-00326-00083719-00083894 anything there is a single reduction by
yjbXOp8hsL4-00327-00083895-00084055 default what does what is the value of
yjbXOp8hsL4-00328-00084056-00084271 dollar dollar
yjbXOp8hsL4-00329-00084272-00084479 dollar number right
yjbXOp8hsL4-00330-00084480-00084631 yes that's the default value so you
yjbXOp8hsL4-00331-00084632-00084782 don't have to write an action for that
yjbXOp8hsL4-00332-00084783-00085031 okay so for rest of it i don't write any
yjbXOp8hsL4-00333-00085032-00085206 value and here i am just saying that
yjbXOp8hsL4-00334-00085207-00085671 print whatever is on top of this
yjbXOp8hsL4-00335-00085672-00085926 okay so this is a unit reduction this is
yjbXOp8hsL4-00336-00085927-00086071 a unit reduction this is the unit
yjbXOp8hsL4-00337-00086072-00086279 reduction and all that is happening is
yjbXOp8hsL4-00338-00086280-00086494 that whenever i am pushing
yjbXOp8hsL4-00339-00086495-00086791 digit on the stack okay i am pushing
yjbXOp8hsL4-00340-00086792-00087031 delete well that is the only attribute
yjbXOp8hsL4-00341-00087032-00087206 on the value side
yjbXOp8hsL4-00342-00087207-00087391 and when did it becomes f
yjbXOp8hsL4-00343-00087392-00087615 what do i do nothing because now the
yjbXOp8hsL4-00344-00087616-00087791 gate is being replaced by us and the
yjbXOp8hsL4-00345-00087792-00088031 only thing that is happening is that now
yjbXOp8hsL4-00346-00088032-00088182 the stack pointer is pointing to the
yjbXOp8hsL4-00347-00088183-00089311 same thing where the
yjbXOp8hsL4-00348-00089312-00089487 so you can assume that to begin with my
yjbXOp8hsL4-00349-00089488-00089726 stack contain only null values so when i
yjbXOp8hsL4-00350-00089727-00090087 add star i don't change it
yjbXOp8hsL4-00351-00090088-00090318 so all everything is undefined
yjbXOp8hsL4-00352-00090319-00090606 that's it
yjbXOp8hsL4-00353-00090607-00090815 so whenever i define a value i
yjbXOp8hsL4-00354-00090816-00090975 initialize it otherwise it remains
yjbXOp8hsL4-00355-00090976-00091087 something
yjbXOp8hsL4-00356-00091088-00091511 because i'll never access it
yjbXOp8hsL4-00357-00091512-00091599 right
yjbXOp8hsL4-00358-00091600-00091782 there is implementation here
yjbXOp8hsL4-00359-00091783-00091926 okay so
yjbXOp8hsL4-00360-00091927-00092191 before reduction top is n top is top
yjbXOp8hsL4-00361-00092192-00092391 minus r plus one and after reduction top
yjbXOp8hsL4-00362-00092392-00092482 is nothing
yjbXOp8hsL4-00363-00092483-00092806 but and here is an example we can go
yjbXOp8hsL4-00364-00092807-00093023 through this example of saying if this
yjbXOp8hsL4-00365-00093024-00093247 is the input we have and if i want to
yjbXOp8hsL4-00366-00093248-00093526 look at my state stack and value stack
yjbXOp8hsL4-00367-00093527-00093743 and the production that is being used
yjbXOp8hsL4-00368-00093744-00093918 since you have already seen you can see
yjbXOp8hsL4-00369-00093919-00094206 quickly that first i am going to put
yjbXOp8hsL4-00370-00094207-00094359 digit on this
yjbXOp8hsL4-00371-00094360-00094591 state stack and the value is going to be
yjbXOp8hsL4-00372-00094592-00094743 3 so this is the input which is going to
yjbXOp8hsL4-00373-00094744-00094894 be pushed here
yjbXOp8hsL4-00374-00094895-00095182 this is the value stack and then i say
yjbXOp8hsL4-00375-00095183-00095471 digit goes to f and three remains here
yjbXOp8hsL4-00376-00095472-00095591 and this is the reduction and you can
yjbXOp8hsL4-00377-00095592-00095855 see that i have not used any rule here
yjbXOp8hsL4-00378-00095856-00096159 okay and then i can say that i have t
yjbXOp8hsL4-00379-00096160-00096494 going to f so t comes from the stack and
yjbXOp8hsL4-00380-00096495-00096767 three remains there and then star gets
yjbXOp8hsL4-00381-00096768-00096935 pushed on the stack and corresponding to
yjbXOp8hsL4-00382-00096936-00097159 that values that contains a value which
yjbXOp8hsL4-00383-00097160-00097359 is undefined so dash is undefined not
yjbXOp8hsL4-00384-00097360-00097479 minus
yjbXOp8hsL4-00385-00097480-00097687 and then again digit comes from the
yjbXOp8hsL4-00386-00097688-00097999 stack so 3 undefined 5 is the value
yjbXOp8hsL4-00387-00098000-00098287 stack and then when i do a reduction by
yjbXOp8hsL4-00388-00098288-00098591 this rule when this digit goes to f my
yjbXOp8hsL4-00389-00098592-00098815 value stack remains the same okay and
yjbXOp8hsL4-00390-00098816-00099174 then i say that t star f gets reduced so
yjbXOp8hsL4-00391-00099175-00099382 what will i do now i will say that
yjbXOp8hsL4-00392-00099383-00099687 three undefined 5 are going to be popped
yjbXOp8hsL4-00393-00099688-00099935 and 15 is going to be pushed on the side
yjbXOp8hsL4-00394-00099936-00100303 so that becomes value of t
yjbXOp8hsL4-00395-00100304-00100494 and i can continue in the same manner
yjbXOp8hsL4-00396-00100495-00100823 and finally i am going to get value of e
yjbXOp8hsL4-00397-00100824-00101062 of the stack which is going to be 19 and
yjbXOp8hsL4-00398-00101063-00101255 when final reduction happens which says
yjbXOp8hsL4-00399-00101256-00101543 l goes to e followed by new line symbol
yjbXOp8hsL4-00400-00101544-00101735 i am going to just
yjbXOp8hsL4-00401-00101736-00102079 print this time
yjbXOp8hsL4-00402-00102080-00102775 right so exactly what i have done here
yjbXOp8hsL4-00403-00102776-00103047 this is clear to everyone
yjbXOp8hsL4-00404-00103048-00103263 right this part is clear
yjbXOp8hsL4-00405-00103264-00103406 now let us come to
yjbXOp8hsL4-00406-00103407-00103551 this box
yjbXOp8hsL4-00407-00103552-00103727 where we say that i have a top top-down
yjbXOp8hsL4-00408-00103728-00103942 parser and inherited attributes and we
yjbXOp8hsL4-00409-00103943-00104199 started some discussion on this okay
yjbXOp8hsL4-00410-00104200-00104486 and let me then just try to refresh your
yjbXOp8hsL4-00411-00104488-00105319 memories on what we are trying to do
yjbXOp8hsL4-00412-00105320-00105510 so first thing it appears is that if i
yjbXOp8hsL4-00413-00105511-00105702 use a top down parser and dealing with
yjbXOp8hsL4-00414-00105703-00105910 inherited attributes okay then i should
yjbXOp8hsL4-00415-00105911-00106102 be able to do parsing and i should be
yjbXOp8hsL4-00416-00106103-00106343 able to simultaneously value all my
yjbXOp8hsL4-00417-00106344-00106439 equations
yjbXOp8hsL4-00418-00106440-00106695 except a small catch and the catch is
yjbXOp8hsL4-00419-00106696-00106958 that when i say that a is let's say i
yjbXOp8hsL4-00420-00106959-00107271 have a production of this form
yjbXOp8hsL4-00421-00107272-00107623 a goes to x y z okay top down my in top
yjbXOp8hsL4-00422-00107624-00107871 down parser this is how my
yjbXOp8hsL4-00423-00107872-00108207 parse tree is going to get created
yjbXOp8hsL4-00424-00108208-00108383 and now if i look at inherited
yjbXOp8hsL4-00425-00108383-00108543 attributes the way i am defining my
yjbXOp8hsL4-00426-00108544-00108783 inherited id groups are that inherited
yjbXOp8hsL4-00427-00108783-00109007 attribute of a symbol can be defined in
yjbXOp8hsL4-00428-00109008-00109254 terms of inherited attribute of its
yjbXOp8hsL4-00429-00109255-00109534 email node and attributes of its
yjbXOp8hsL4-00430-00109535-00109847 siblings okay that means potentially i
yjbXOp8hsL4-00431-00109848-00109990 can now write
yjbXOp8hsL4-00432-00109991-00110158 an equation which says
yjbXOp8hsL4-00433-00110159-00110558 x inherited is a function of a
yjbXOp8hsL4-00434-00110559-00110943 y and z some attributes of a y and z
yjbXOp8hsL4-00435-00110944-00111119 okay
yjbXOp8hsL4-00436-00111120-00111302 as far as my inherited attitude
yjbXOp8hsL4-00437-00111303-00111486 definitions are concerned this is a
yjbXOp8hsL4-00438-00111488-00111678 spanning equation
yjbXOp8hsL4-00439-00111679-00111871 except the catch that
yjbXOp8hsL4-00440-00111872-00112102 even when i start constructing my
yjbXOp8hsL4-00441-00112103-00112263 parsley what will happen is that i said
yjbXOp8hsL4-00442-00112264-00112463 that i am going to expand the leftmost
yjbXOp8hsL4-00443-00112464-00112678 non-terminal all the time
yjbXOp8hsL4-00444-00112679-00112934 therefore before i go and start
yjbXOp8hsL4-00445-00112935-00113151 expanding this part i will say let me go
yjbXOp8hsL4-00446-00113152-00113343 and expand this and i will keep on
yjbXOp8hsL4-00447-00113344-00113647 expanding this tree till i hit the
yjbXOp8hsL4-00448-00113648-00113863 leaf nodes and then only i will come and
yjbXOp8hsL4-00449-00113864-00114054 start expanding this okay
yjbXOp8hsL4-00450-00114055-00114319 now if i say that i want to compute
yjbXOp8hsL4-00451-00114320-00114543 inherited attribute of x
yjbXOp8hsL4-00452-00114544-00114847 in terms of some attribute of y okay
yjbXOp8hsL4-00453-00114848-00115023 node corresponding to y has not even
yjbXOp8hsL4-00454-00115024-00115199 been created
yjbXOp8hsL4-00455-00115200-00115351 and therefore those attributes are not
yjbXOp8hsL4-00456-00115352-00115510 available
yjbXOp8hsL4-00457-00115511-00115743 now suppose i restrict my definitions
yjbXOp8hsL4-00458-00115744-00116023 such that if i have an equation like
yjbXOp8hsL4-00459-00116024-00116175 this or let me
yjbXOp8hsL4-00460-00116176-00116478 slightly change it
yjbXOp8hsL4-00461-00116479-00116734 so you can keep this part here okay
yjbXOp8hsL4-00462-00116735-00116839 and
yjbXOp8hsL4-00463-00116840-00116975 let me
yjbXOp8hsL4-00464-00116976-00117390 use this part of the board
yjbXOp8hsL4-00465-00117391-00117590 suppose my i have an attribute equation
yjbXOp8hsL4-00466-00117591-00118239 of this form
yjbXOp8hsL4-00467-00118240-00118486 or i have grammar rule of this form
yjbXOp8hsL4-00468-00118488-00118654 and now i say that
yjbXOp8hsL4-00469-00118655-00119086 for any x i okay if i am computing
yjbXOp8hsL4-00470-00119088-00119431 attributes it can only be a function of
yjbXOp8hsL4-00471-00119432-00119854 inherited attribute of a
yjbXOp8hsL4-00472-00119855-00119943 and
yjbXOp8hsL4-00473-00119944-00120199 any attribute attribute of any symbol on
yjbXOp8hsL4-00474-00120200-00120463 the left hand side that means
yjbXOp8hsL4-00475-00120464-00120702 x1 up to
yjbXOp8hsL4-00476-00120703-00120831 x
yjbXOp8hsL4-00477-00120832-00121151 i minus 1
yjbXOp8hsL4-00478-00121152-00121358 okay now
yjbXOp8hsL4-00479-00121359-00121623 also what is important to note here is i
yjbXOp8hsL4-00480-00121624-00121847 am saying that as far as parent node is
yjbXOp8hsL4-00481-00121848-00122078 concerned i can only use inherited
yjbXOp8hsL4-00482-00122079-00122295 attribute of the parent node and as far
yjbXOp8hsL4-00483-00122296-00122599 as x 1 to x i minus 1 are concerned i
yjbXOp8hsL4-00484-00122600-00122807 can use either inherited or synthesized
yjbXOp8hsL4-00485-00122808-00123054 attributes
yjbXOp8hsL4-00486-00123055-00123158 then
yjbXOp8hsL4-00487-00123159-00123343 doesn't matter
yjbXOp8hsL4-00488-00123344-00123543 in top down parser
yjbXOp8hsL4-00489-00123544-00123895 if i restrict my
yjbXOp8hsL4-00490-00123896-00124086 equations to this form
yjbXOp8hsL4-00491-00124088-00124278 then i will always be able to compute x
yjbXOp8hsL4-00492-00124279-00124375 i
yjbXOp8hsL4-00493-00124376-00124583 i will never get into a problem because
yjbXOp8hsL4-00494-00124583-00124799 i am now saying that all my attributes
yjbXOp8hsL4-00495-00124800-00125095 have already been computed okay remember
yjbXOp8hsL4-00496-00125096-00125823 that i cannot violate my dependence now
yjbXOp8hsL4-00497-00125824-00126039 so these are known as l attributed
yjbXOp8hsL4-00498-00126040-00126278 definitions so now i am restricting my
yjbXOp8hsL4-00499-00126279-00126566 class of inherited attitudes to l
yjbXOp8hsL4-00500-00126567-00126831 attributed definitions and saying that i
yjbXOp8hsL4-00501-00126832-00126975 can compute this
yjbXOp8hsL4-00502-00126976-00127263 in certain manner and when translation
yjbXOp8hsL4-00503-00127264-00127423 takes place during parsing order of
yjbXOp8hsL4-00504-00127424-00127647 evaluation is going to be linked to
yjbXOp8hsL4-00505-00127648-00127854 order in which the nodes are created and
yjbXOp8hsL4-00506-00127855-00128023 that is really the order that i am
yjbXOp8hsL4-00507-00128024-00128239 creating my nodes starting from the left
yjbXOp8hsL4-00508-00128240-00128431 and that is really the
yjbXOp8hsL4-00509-00128432-00128751 passing order and which is the for both
yjbXOp8hsL4-00510-00128752-00128927 whether it is top down or bottom up that
yjbXOp8hsL4-00511-00128928-00129190 is the that first traverse a lot
yjbXOp8hsL4-00512-00129191-00129399 now if i make this restriction then i
yjbXOp8hsL4-00513-00129400-00129607 say that l attributed definitions are
yjbXOp8hsL4-00514-00129608-00129839 where attributes can be evaluated in
yjbXOp8hsL4-00515-00129840-00130023 depth first purpose
yjbXOp8hsL4-00516-00130024-00130183 so i am now restricting my class of
yjbXOp8hsL4-00517-00130183-00130447 languages once again and saying that
yjbXOp8hsL4-00518-00130448-00130695 if i have only l attributed definitions
yjbXOp8hsL4-00519-00130696-00130966 then i can do this complication if i
yjbXOp8hsL4-00520-00130967-00131135 have general attribute equations then i
yjbXOp8hsL4-00521-00131136-00131278 cannot okay
yjbXOp8hsL4-00522-00131279-00131575 so electrical definitions are that if i
yjbXOp8hsL4-00523-00131576-00131678 have
yjbXOp8hsL4-00524-00131679-00131839 an attribute
yjbXOp8hsL4-00525-00131840-00132031 a production of this form okay then we
yjbXOp8hsL4-00526-00132032-00132223 say that attributes of
yjbXOp8hsL4-00527-00132224-00132519 any symbol they depend only on if i take
yjbXOp8hsL4-00528-00132520-00132854 x j then x j which is line somewhere
yjbXOp8hsL4-00529-00132855-00133031 between 1 and n
yjbXOp8hsL4-00530-00133032-00133295 the inherited attribute of x j depends
yjbXOp8hsL4-00531-00133296-00133511 only on inherited attribute of a and
yjbXOp8hsL4-00532-00133512-00133647 attributes of
yjbXOp8hsL4-00533-00133648-00133966 x one to x j minus one
yjbXOp8hsL4-00534-00133967-00134214 this is j minus one this font is not
yjbXOp8hsL4-00535-00134215-00134471 very clear not i minus one
yjbXOp8hsL4-00536-00134472-00134814 so now if we look at the trans okay so
yjbXOp8hsL4-00537-00134815-00135054 if you look at let's say this okay so
yjbXOp8hsL4-00538-00135055-00135239 here is
yjbXOp8hsL4-00539-00135240-00135478 a production and here are some
yjbXOp8hsL4-00540-00135479-00135654 attribute equations
yjbXOp8hsL4-00541-00135655-00136566 so first question is this electric
yjbXOp8hsL4-00542-00136567-00136790 so let us look at this if i say l
yjbXOp8hsL4-00543-00136791-00137063 inherited is a function of a inherited
yjbXOp8hsL4-00544-00137064-00137247 that is fine does not violate anything
yjbXOp8hsL4-00545-00137248-00137454 then i say m inherited is a function of
yjbXOp8hsL4-00546-00137455-00137623 l synthesized
yjbXOp8hsL4-00547-00137624-00138031 is that ok
yjbXOp8hsL4-00548-00138032-00138143 yes no
yjbXOp8hsL4-00549-00138144-00138375 yes that is fine because it is looking
yjbXOp8hsL4-00550-00138376-00138519 at attribute of left hand side does not
yjbXOp8hsL4-00551-00138520-00138735 matter whether left sibling
yjbXOp8hsL4-00552-00138736-00138902 this is in terms of the inherited
yjbXOp8hsL4-00553-00138903-00139071 attribute or synthesized attitude of the
yjbXOp8hsL4-00554-00139072-00139223 electricity this is an attitude of the
yjbXOp8hsL4-00555-00139224-00139399 lab city so please remember definition
yjbXOp8hsL4-00556-00139400-00139607 once again i'm saying that inherited
yjbXOp8hsL4-00557-00139608-00139823 attribute of the parent and all
yjbXOp8hsL4-00558-00139824-00140071 attributes of the left siblings
yjbXOp8hsL4-00559-00140072-00140214 okay whether it is inherent is not
yjbXOp8hsL4-00560-00140215-00140447 synthesized it doesn't matter okay so
yjbXOp8hsL4-00561-00140448-00140678 this is fine if i look at a synthesized
yjbXOp8hsL4-00562-00140679-00140895 which is a function of m synthesized
yjbXOp8hsL4-00563-00140896-00141095 that also is okay there is no problem
yjbXOp8hsL4-00564-00141096-00141327 with that okay so this definition is
yjbXOp8hsL4-00565-00141328-00141599 electric definition okay
yjbXOp8hsL4-00566-00141600-00141790 what about this if i have a rule like
yjbXOp8hsL4-00567-00141791-00141919 this which says
yjbXOp8hsL4-00568-00141920-00142135 if a production says a goes to qr and
yjbXOp8hsL4-00569-00142136-00142326 there's an attribute equation which says
yjbXOp8hsL4-00570-00142327-00142414 rs
yjbXOp8hsL4-00571-00142415-00142695 inherited is a function of a inherited
yjbXOp8hsL4-00572-00142696-00142926 is that okay any violations of electric
yjbXOp8hsL4-00573-00142927-00143183 beta definitions here now what about
yjbXOp8hsL4-00574-00143184-00143271 this
yjbXOp8hsL4-00575-00143272-00143463 q inherited is a function of r
yjbXOp8hsL4-00576-00143464-00144063 synthesized
yjbXOp8hsL4-00577-00144064-00144399 no means what
yjbXOp8hsL4-00578-00144400-00144583 a violation of electricity definition
yjbXOp8hsL4-00579-00144584-00144839 because now inherited attribute of q is
yjbXOp8hsL4-00580-00144840-00145023 being defined in terms of attributes of
yjbXOp8hsL4-00581-00145024-00145199 a right signal
yjbXOp8hsL4-00582-00145200-00145423 okay so this is not a little definition
yjbXOp8hsL4-00583-00145424-00145654 and if i look at a synthesized which is
yjbXOp8hsL4-00584-00145655-00145919 a function of two synthesized that is
yjbXOp8hsL4-00585-00145920-00146007 fine
yjbXOp8hsL4-00586-00146008-00146190 okay there is no problem
yjbXOp8hsL4-00587-00146191-00146471 now you can see that as far as
yjbXOp8hsL4-00588-00146472-00146839 if i restrict my inherited attributes to
yjbXOp8hsL4-00589-00146840-00147143 n attributes
yjbXOp8hsL4-00590-00147144-00147431 okay then i can even do this
yjbXOp8hsL4-00591-00147432-00147639 then i can write a top-down parser by
yjbXOp8hsL4-00592-00147640-00147839 restricting this so although this was a
yjbXOp8hsL4-00593-00147840-00148023 question mark but we know that now this
yjbXOp8hsL4-00594-00148024-00148366 can be at least conceptually done
yjbXOp8hsL4-00595-00148367-00148566 okay we see how to do it but at least
yjbXOp8hsL4-00596-00148567-00148823 conceptually this problem is gone that i
yjbXOp8hsL4-00597-00148824-00149039 am dealing with a situation where i have
yjbXOp8hsL4-00598-00149040-00149190 certain attributes which are not even
yjbXOp8hsL4-00599-00149191-00149431 present
yjbXOp8hsL4-00600-00149432-00149671 right so at least one more box has used
yjbXOp8hsL4-00601-00149672-00149759 that
yjbXOp8hsL4-00602-00149760-00149951 we will see how to track other two boxes
yjbXOp8hsL4-00603-00149952-00150399 but at least this part is clear
yjbXOp8hsL4-00604-00150400-00150575 so let me introduce now
yjbXOp8hsL4-00605-00150576-00150790 a new notion
yjbXOp8hsL4-00606-00150791-00150975 remember in the beginning i talked about
yjbXOp8hsL4-00607-00150976-00151135 two ways of
yjbXOp8hsL4-00608-00151136-00151359 writing your attribute
yjbXOp8hsL4-00609-00151360-00151559 equations one was
yjbXOp8hsL4-00610-00151560-00151687 i had
yjbXOp8hsL4-00611-00151688-00151831 certain attributes which are only
yjbXOp8hsL4-00612-00151832-00152095 specifications okay so i have only had
yjbXOp8hsL4-00613-00152096-00152278 attribute equations but i also said that
yjbXOp8hsL4-00614-00152279-00152423 we are going to have something known as
yjbXOp8hsL4-00615-00152424-00152631 translation scheme where i'll have
yjbXOp8hsL4-00616-00152632-00152823 attribute equations but i will try to
yjbXOp8hsL4-00617-00152824-00153054 impose an evaluation order on those
yjbXOp8hsL4-00618-00153055-00153278 attribute equations okay and these are
yjbXOp8hsL4-00619-00153279-00153454 not going to be pure specifications but
yjbXOp8hsL4-00620-00153455-00153671 they will try to capture the
yjbXOp8hsL4-00621-00153672-00153863 implementation somewhere okay so this
yjbXOp8hsL4-00622-00153864-00154087 these are called translation schemes and
yjbXOp8hsL4-00623-00154088-00154271 basically translation scheme is nothing
yjbXOp8hsL4-00624-00154272-00154366 but
yjbXOp8hsL4-00625-00154367-00154607 same attribute equations but now i am
yjbXOp8hsL4-00626-00154608-00154775 putting these attribute equations not
yjbXOp8hsL4-00627-00154776-00154975 just on the right hand side like
yjbXOp8hsL4-00628-00154976-00155214 some specifications but i can put them
yjbXOp8hsL4-00629-00155215-00155366 anywhere on the right hand side between
yjbXOp8hsL4-00630-00155367-00155535 the grammar symbols
yjbXOp8hsL4-00631-00155536-00155847 okay so i can have something like this
yjbXOp8hsL4-00632-00155848-00156007 that i can
yjbXOp8hsL4-00633-00156008-00156278 write
yjbXOp8hsL4-00634-00156279-00156478 a production like this and then i can
yjbXOp8hsL4-00635-00156479-00156799 say a translation scheme may have
yjbXOp8hsL4-00636-00156800-00157207 x1 x2 and then some action
yjbXOp8hsL4-00637-00157208-00157295 1
yjbXOp8hsL4-00638-00157296-00157590 and x3 and so on
yjbXOp8hsL4-00639-00157591-00157790 so you can see that here
yjbXOp8hsL4-00640-00157791-00157887 i am
yjbXOp8hsL4-00641-00157888-00158054 forcing
yjbXOp8hsL4-00642-00158055-00158254 some action which is a code or which is
yjbXOp8hsL4-00643-00158255-00158478 an attribute equation in the middle of
yjbXOp8hsL4-00644-00158479-00158654 the grammar symbols not just the right
yjbXOp8hsL4-00645-00158655-00158926 hand side
yjbXOp8hsL4-00646-00158927-00159095 but let's see what power what additional
yjbXOp8hsL4-00647-00159096-00159223 power it gives me because now i am
yjbXOp8hsL4-00648-00159224-00159390 saying that i am actually doing
yjbXOp8hsL4-00649-00159391-00159519 something with the
yjbXOp8hsL4-00650-00159520-00159719 implementation
yjbXOp8hsL4-00651-00159720-00159926 now way i am doing this or the
yjbXOp8hsL4-00652-00159927-00160143 motivation for doing this is i'll say
yjbXOp8hsL4-00653-00160144-00160390 that as i go through this creation of
yjbXOp8hsL4-00654-00160391-00160519 the parse tree
yjbXOp8hsL4-00655-00160520-00160726 then at this point of time i don't want
yjbXOp8hsL4-00656-00160727-00160895 to wait till i have seen all the symbols
yjbXOp8hsL4-00657-00160896-00161111 to evaluate an attribute equation i want
yjbXOp8hsL4-00658-00161112-00161271 to evaluate this attribute equation
yjbXOp8hsL4-00659-00161272-00161511 right here as soon as i encounter it
yjbXOp8hsL4-00660-00161512-00161678 okay so it is really forcing an
yjbXOp8hsL4-00661-00161679-00161854 evaluation order this saying that do
yjbXOp8hsL4-00662-00161855-00162087 evaluations at certain points of time
yjbXOp8hsL4-00663-00162088-00162439 and not only at the end
yjbXOp8hsL4-00664-00162440-00162807 so here is a small grammar
yjbXOp8hsL4-00665-00162808-00162990 and can you see the strings which are
yjbXOp8hsL4-00666-00162991-00163583 being generated by this grammar
yjbXOp8hsL4-00667-00163584-00163878 you can see that my start symbol is
yjbXOp8hsL4-00668-00163879-00164054 a term followed by
yjbXOp8hsL4-00669-00164055-00164326 rest of it and term is a number and what
yjbXOp8hsL4-00670-00164327-00164551 is the rest of it rest of it is some
yjbXOp8hsL4-00671-00164552-00164702 operator which is an additional
yjbXOp8hsL4-00672-00164703-00164887 operation followed by a term and
yjbXOp8hsL4-00673-00164888-00165119 followed by rest of it ok so you can see
yjbXOp8hsL4-00674-00165120-00165238 that this is a
yjbXOp8hsL4-00675-00165239-00165463 right grammar this is the right heavy
yjbXOp8hsL4-00676-00165464-00165687 tree and finally how will i terminate my
yjbXOp8hsL4-00677-00165688-00165878 production by saying that r goes to a
yjbXOp8hsL4-00678-00165879-00166143 sign okay so what it gives me are if i
yjbXOp8hsL4-00679-00166144-00166407 say add off is plus or minus this is
yjbXOp8hsL4-00680-00166408-00166631 giving me some infix expression this is
yjbXOp8hsL4-00681-00166632-00166831 creating now a part before expression
yjbXOp8hsL4-00682-00166832-00167071 where numbers are separated by plus or
yjbXOp8hsL4-00683-00167072-00167175 minus
yjbXOp8hsL4-00684-00167176-00167438 okay so really you can write
yjbXOp8hsL4-00685-00167439-00168038 things like
yjbXOp8hsL4-00686-00168039-00168271 c plus
yjbXOp8hsL4-00687-00168272-00168463 four minus five let's say okay where i
yjbXOp8hsL4-00688-00168464-00168678 am assuming at top is only plus or minus
yjbXOp8hsL4-00689-00168679-00168863 okay these are the kind of strings which
yjbXOp8hsL4-00690-00168864-00169054 can be generated by this okay and it's
yjbXOp8hsL4-00691-00169055-00169335 easy to see that what will be the pass b
yjbXOp8hsL4-00692-00169336-00169607 for this this will be e going to t and r
yjbXOp8hsL4-00693-00169608-00169847 and t will go to then
yjbXOp8hsL4-00694-00169848-00169926 three
yjbXOp8hsL4-00695-00169927-00170126 r will be plus
yjbXOp8hsL4-00696-00170127-00170590 p and r and this t will go to four
yjbXOp8hsL4-00697-00170591-00170926 and then this will be minus
yjbXOp8hsL4-00698-00170927-00171302 p and r and this p will go to 5 and this
yjbXOp8hsL4-00699-00171303-00171478 r will go to
yjbXOp8hsL4-00700-00171479-00171647 epsilon
yjbXOp8hsL4-00701-00171648-00171783 this is the kind of
yjbXOp8hsL4-00702-00171784-00172023 parts we will get
yjbXOp8hsL4-00703-00172024-00172295 now what we want to do is
yjbXOp8hsL4-00704-00172296-00172487 we want to when
yjbXOp8hsL4-00705-00172488-00172695 so one one kind of problem we looked at
yjbXOp8hsL4-00706-00172696-00172959 was that when we reach at the top and we
yjbXOp8hsL4-00707-00172960-00173183 reduce by this symbol at that point of
yjbXOp8hsL4-00708-00173184-00173343 time we want to say that whatever is the
yjbXOp8hsL4-00709-00173344-00173575 value that should be printed now i am
yjbXOp8hsL4-00710-00173576-00173735 changing the problem slightly and i am
yjbXOp8hsL4-00711-00173736-00173911 changing the problem to say that
yjbXOp8hsL4-00712-00173912-00174102 whenever i reach the top whenever i do
yjbXOp8hsL4-00713-00174103-00174351 this reduction at that point of time
yjbXOp8hsL4-00714-00174352-00174695 equivalent infix instead of infix ah let
yjbXOp8hsL4-00715-00174696-00174966 us say positive expression will be
yjbXOp8hsL4-00716-00174967-00177054 okay so what will be postfix of this
yjbXOp8hsL4-00717-00177055-00177263 take this expression tree and then
yjbXOp8hsL4-00718-00177264-00177431 just do
yjbXOp8hsL4-00719-00177432-00177790 a first order traversal
yjbXOp8hsL4-00720-00177791-00177959 so this is the postfix and what i want
yjbXOp8hsL4-00721-00177960-00178263 now is that i want to now
yjbXOp8hsL4-00722-00178264-00178502 whenever i reach the start symbol i want
yjbXOp8hsL4-00723-00178503-00178735 to print this not the value okay so
yjbXOp8hsL4-00724-00178736-00178887 there is another problem
yjbXOp8hsL4-00725-00178888-00179095 so as i said attribute equations are
yjbXOp8hsL4-00726-00179096-00179399 really for solving certain problems so
yjbXOp8hsL4-00727-00179400-00179583 what we do here now is that we want to
yjbXOp8hsL4-00728-00179584-00179854 use the mechanism of translation scheme
yjbXOp8hsL4-00729-00179855-00180119 and i want to add certain actions in the
yjbXOp8hsL4-00730-00180120-00180366 middle of the grammar okay so let's
yjbXOp8hsL4-00731-00180367-00180654 create some space for adding action and
yjbXOp8hsL4-00732-00180655-00180823 let me add an action here which i say
yjbXOp8hsL4-00733-00180824-00181078 that i want to print at all here
yjbXOp8hsL4-00734-00181079-00181319 okay and then i am adding another action
yjbXOp8hsL4-00735-00181320-00181471 now action can be anywhere it could be
yjbXOp8hsL4-00736-00181472-00181607 in the rightmost position it could be
yjbXOp8hsL4-00737-00181608-00181799 the leftmost position or between two
yjbXOp8hsL4-00738-00181800-00181919 grammar symbols
yjbXOp8hsL4-00739-00181920-00182166 so i have added two actions here one is
yjbXOp8hsL4-00740-00182167-00182399 here which says print add-on and another
yjbXOp8hsL4-00741-00182400-00182638 is here which says print now
yjbXOp8hsL4-00742-00182639-00182863 okay now let me take you to
yjbXOp8hsL4-00743-00182864-00183063 implementation of this so what you want
yjbXOp8hsL4-00744-00183064-00183278 to do to begin with this that let me say
yjbXOp8hsL4-00745-00183279-00183526 that each of these actions is going to
yjbXOp8hsL4-00746-00183527-00183847 be treated as a dummy grammar symbol
yjbXOp8hsL4-00747-00183848-00184078 a leaf node of course ok it cannot be a
yjbXOp8hsL4-00748-00184079-00184295 non terminal it can only be a terminal
yjbXOp8hsL4-00749-00184296-00184535 but it is treated like a grammar symbol
yjbXOp8hsL4-00750-00184536-00184695 and i create my parsev in the same
yjbXOp8hsL4-00751-00184696-00184975 manner so if i now say that i want to
yjbXOp8hsL4-00752-00184976-00185263 parse let's say 9 minus 5 plus 2 and i
yjbXOp8hsL4-00753-00185264-00185383 want to print
yjbXOp8hsL4-00754-00185384-00185599 a postfix for this first thing i'll do
yjbXOp8hsL4-00755-00185600-00185854 is i'll create this parse okay so this
yjbXOp8hsL4-00756-00185855-00186150 is the parse b for 9 minus 5 plus 2
yjbXOp8hsL4-00757-00186151-00186454 okay i have already seen
yjbXOp8hsL4-00758-00186455-00186638 now if i say that
yjbXOp8hsL4-00759-00186639-00186887 this is also being treated as a leaf
yjbXOp8hsL4-00760-00186888-00187150 node a token okay then my parse tree
yjbXOp8hsL4-00761-00187151-00187366 will change and my positive will change
yjbXOp8hsL4-00762-00187367-00187526 by putting this action because now i am
yjbXOp8hsL4-00763-00187527-00187623 saying that
yjbXOp8hsL4-00764-00187624-00187902 t goes to num followed by this print num
yjbXOp8hsL4-00765-00187903-00188159 print num now is a dummy leaf node okay
yjbXOp8hsL4-00766-00188160-00188375 so this is how it will change that t
yjbXOp8hsL4-00767-00188376-00188583 goes to num and print now
yjbXOp8hsL4-00768-00188584-00188871 at this point of time i am not executing
yjbXOp8hsL4-00769-00188872-00189031 any action but i am saying that this is
yjbXOp8hsL4-00770-00189032-00189159 just a leaflet
yjbXOp8hsL4-00771-00189160-00189487 and similarly i will put for all these
yjbXOp8hsL4-00772-00189488-00189790 okay a print num and for all these
yjbXOp8hsL4-00773-00189791-00190023 productions which says r goes to minus
yjbXOp8hsL4-00774-00190024-00190271 dr i had introduced an action here which
yjbXOp8hsL4-00775-00190272-00190502 said r goes to minus p
yjbXOp8hsL4-00776-00190503-00190902 print at all followed by r okay
yjbXOp8hsL4-00777-00190903-00191175 print add-on here and a print add-on
yjbXOp8hsL4-00778-00191176-00191423 okay this is how my password is
yjbXOp8hsL4-00779-00191424-00191623 okay so i have taken this parse tree and
yjbXOp8hsL4-00780-00191624-00191831 i have introduced corresponding actions
yjbXOp8hsL4-00781-00191832-00192295 also as leak nodes
yjbXOp8hsL4-00782-00192296-00192383 yes
yjbXOp8hsL4-00783-00192384-00192487 ok
yjbXOp8hsL4-00784-00192488-00192614 now suppose
yjbXOp8hsL4-00785-00192615-00192823 i do a
yjbXOp8hsL4-00786-00192824-00193063 depth first traversal of this tree and
yjbXOp8hsL4-00787-00193064-00193263 whenever i encounter a leaf node
yjbXOp8hsL4-00788-00193264-00193519 corresponding corresponding to an action
yjbXOp8hsL4-00789-00193520-00193678 i execute
yjbXOp8hsL4-00790-00193679-00193854 so what will happen now
yjbXOp8hsL4-00791-00193855-00193983 what will be the first node that will
yjbXOp8hsL4-00792-00193984-00194263 get printed
yjbXOp8hsL4-00793-00194264-00194375 9
yjbXOp8hsL4-00794-00194376-00194631 then 5 then
yjbXOp8hsL4-00795-00194632-00194759 minus
yjbXOp8hsL4-00796-00194760-00195047 then two and then plus
yjbXOp8hsL4-00797-00195048-00195607 is that the postfix
yjbXOp8hsL4-00798-00195608-00195814 so i've got the force picks out of it so
yjbXOp8hsL4-00799-00195815-00195943 now i'm using slightly different
yjbXOp8hsL4-00800-00195944-00196150 mechanism i'm actually talking about an
yjbXOp8hsL4-00801-00196151-00196350 implementation i am saying that so why
yjbXOp8hsL4-00802-00196351-00196511 implementation and translation schemes
yjbXOp8hsL4-00803-00196512-00196663 are important because now i am saying
yjbXOp8hsL4-00804-00196664-00196950 that i want to execute these actions at
yjbXOp8hsL4-00805-00196951-00197119 certain points
yjbXOp8hsL4-00806-00197120-00197263 i am not just leaving it to
yjbXOp8hsL4-00807-00197264-00197502 specification but i know precisely at a
yjbXOp8hsL4-00808-00197503-00197695 location where i say that now i want to
yjbXOp8hsL4-00809-00197696-00197807 execute it
yjbXOp8hsL4-00810-00197808-00198031 now execute it now execute it now and if
yjbXOp8hsL4-00811-00198032-00198254 i keep on doing those executions
yjbXOp8hsL4-00812-00198255-00198407 then my job is done
yjbXOp8hsL4-00813-00198408-00198559 okay
yjbXOp8hsL4-00814-00198560-00198687 now let's see how do i implement
yjbXOp8hsL4-00815-00198688-00198847 translation scheme because at this point
yjbXOp8hsL4-00816-00198848-00199095 of time we really don't want to create
yjbXOp8hsL4-00817-00199096-00199263 this parsley and then have another
yjbXOp8hsL4-00818-00199264-00199487 traversal whole idea was that i should
yjbXOp8hsL4-00819-00199488-00199671 be able to do all these translations as
yjbXOp8hsL4-00820-00199672-00199743 i'm
yjbXOp8hsL4-00821-00199744-00199983 parsing so i don't want to create parse
yjbXOp8hsL4-00822-00199984-00200190 tree first and then say that these dummy
yjbXOp8hsL4-00823-00200191-00200366 nodes are
yjbXOp8hsL4-00824-00200367-00200559 part of the parse tree then traverse
yjbXOp8hsL4-00825-00200560-00200735 parse tree once again and then execute
yjbXOp8hsL4-00826-00200736-00200911 these dummy nodes that's really not the
yjbXOp8hsL4-00827-00200912-00201175 intent that's only the logic okay intent
yjbXOp8hsL4-00828-00201176-00201350 is really to go into the implementation
yjbXOp8hsL4-00829-00201351-00201590 so i should be able to now have this
yjbXOp8hsL4-00830-00201591-00201823 implementation okay so what we are
yjbXOp8hsL4-00831-00201824-00202047 assuming here are actions are nothing
yjbXOp8hsL4-00832-00202048-00202335 but terminal symbols and when i perform
yjbXOp8hsL4-00833-00202336-00202487 a depth first traverse in order to
yjbXOp8hsL4-00834-00202488-00202623 obtain when i perform that first
yjbXOp8hsL4-00835-00202624-00202831 reversal order whenever i reach this
yjbXOp8hsL4-00836-00202832-00202999 action that whenever
yjbXOp8hsL4-00837-00203000-00203143 this terminal symbol corresponding
yjbXOp8hsL4-00838-00203144-00203366 action is going to get executed and when
yjbXOp8hsL4-00839-00203367-00203511 we design translation schemes we
yjbXOp8hsL4-00840-00203512-00203719 therefore have to ensure
yjbXOp8hsL4-00841-00203720-00203799 that
yjbXOp8hsL4-00842-00203800-00204038 when i say that print num here
yjbXOp8hsL4-00843-00204039-00204263 this value of num is available ok
yjbXOp8hsL4-00844-00204264-00204511 suppose i put it at a wrong place
yjbXOp8hsL4-00845-00204512-00204719 and value of num is not available then
yjbXOp8hsL4-00846-00204720-00204838 what will happen
yjbXOp8hsL4-00847-00204839-00204982 my data dependence block will get
yjbXOp8hsL4-00848-00204983-00205158 violated so i have certain data
yjbXOp8hsL4-00849-00205159-00205319 dependencies remember
yjbXOp8hsL4-00850-00205319-00205486 so that will get violated if i don't put
yjbXOp8hsL4-00851-00205487-00205679 my action in the right place okay so
yjbXOp8hsL4-00852-00205680-00205886 when i said for example i was trying to
yjbXOp8hsL4-00853-00205887-00206151 pass an expression grammar of trying to
yjbXOp8hsL4-00854-00206152-00206319 pass normally what was that grammar it
yjbXOp8hsL4-00855-00206319-00206614 was not an expression
yjbXOp8hsL4-00856-00206615-00206766 that was a declaration right a
yjbXOp8hsL4-00857-00206767-00207031 declaration of type followed by a list
yjbXOp8hsL4-00858-00207032-00207190 okay so when i was trying to pass that
yjbXOp8hsL4-00859-00207191-00207414 string in somewhere i said l inherited
yjbXOp8hsL4-00860-00207415-00207575 is p type
yjbXOp8hsL4-00861-00207576-00207742 now l inherited is p times there is a
yjbXOp8hsL4-00862-00207744-00207934 dependence there which says that it
yjbXOp8hsL4-00863-00207935-00208119 depends on p type and unless p type has
yjbXOp8hsL4-00864-00208119-00208375 been evaluated i really cannot evaluate
yjbXOp8hsL4-00865-00208376-00208551 this equation so this equation cannot be
yjbXOp8hsL4-00866-00208552-00208742 arbitrarily evaluated at any point of
yjbXOp8hsL4-00867-00208744-00208982 time but it can be evaluated only at the
yjbXOp8hsL4-00868-00208983-00209214 position p time becomes available okay
yjbXOp8hsL4-00869-00209215-00209503 so for example if i say print
yjbXOp8hsL4-00870-00209504-00209775 num here instead of this print num i put
yjbXOp8hsL4-00871-00209776-00209967 it somewhere else by then value of num
yjbXOp8hsL4-00872-00209967-00210142 may have changed so that will really be
yjbXOp8hsL4-00873-00210144-00210391 not the right place to do that so
yjbXOp8hsL4-00874-00210392-00210687 finding out the right place
yjbXOp8hsL4-00875-00210688-00210982 is very important in translation schemes
yjbXOp8hsL4-00876-00210983-00212079 now let me pick up another example
yjbXOp8hsL4-00877-00212080-00212310 so suppose i have a production of this
yjbXOp8hsL4-00878-00212311-00212534 form
yjbXOp8hsL4-00879-00212535-00212623 okay
yjbXOp8hsL4-00880-00212623-00212942 and i want to compute let's say i have
yjbXOp8hsL4-00881-00212944-00213110 two equations with this
yjbXOp8hsL4-00882-00213111-00213375 i have some computation of a inherited
yjbXOp8hsL4-00883-00213376-00213455 okay
yjbXOp8hsL4-00884-00213456-00213663 which is function of something and i
yjbXOp8hsL4-00885-00213664-00213846 have a computation of
yjbXOp8hsL4-00886-00213848-00214087 b in array okay which is let's say
yjbXOp8hsL4-00887-00214088-00214334 function f1 function has 2
yjbXOp8hsL4-00888-00214335-00214615 okay these are my attributes and i want
yjbXOp8hsL4-00889-00214616-00214879 to convert this into a translation
yjbXOp8hsL4-00890-00214880-00215215 where should i compute a inherited
yjbXOp8hsL4-00891-00215216-00215382 because now i want to put an action here
yjbXOp8hsL4-00892-00215383-00215582 here here i have multiple places where i
yjbXOp8hsL4-00893-00215583-00216023 can put actions so if i say s goes to
yjbXOp8hsL4-00894-00216023-00216175 a b
yjbXOp8hsL4-00895-00216176-00216294 where should i
yjbXOp8hsL4-00896-00216296-00216471 i have these three places
yjbXOp8hsL4-00897-00216471-00216734 where i can put actions
yjbXOp8hsL4-00898-00216735-00216879 where should i put a inherited
yjbXOp8hsL4-00899-00216880-00217246 configuration
yjbXOp8hsL4-00900-00217248-00217927 this box this box or this box
yjbXOp8hsL4-00901-00217928-00218103 and you'd also have to give me a logic
yjbXOp8hsL4-00902-00218104-00218455 why we are putting it somewhere
yjbXOp8hsL4-00903-00218456-00218871 so where should i put this
yjbXOp8hsL4-00904-00218871-00218998 middle one
yjbXOp8hsL4-00905-00219000-00219151 this one
yjbXOp8hsL4-00906-00219152-00219231 right
yjbXOp8hsL4-00907-00219232-00219423 okay so this is where i compute eight
yjbXOp8hsL4-00908-00219423-00219631 variables
yjbXOp8hsL4-00909-00219632-00219846 and where do i compute
yjbXOp8hsL4-00910-00219848-00220334 b inherited
yjbXOp8hsL4-00911-00220335-00221063 here
yjbXOp8hsL4-00912-00221064-00222071 is that right
yjbXOp8hsL4-00913-00222071-00222391 this okay everyone agrees with this
yjbXOp8hsL4-00914-00222392-00222639 okay very good so now let's try to make
yjbXOp8hsL4-00915-00222640-00222791 a parse tree and let's see whether it
yjbXOp8hsL4-00916-00222792-00223127 works or not okay so suppose a and b are
yjbXOp8hsL4-00917-00223128-00223334 also non-terminals in general they can
yjbXOp8hsL4-00918-00223335-00223558 be so let's say that i have productions
yjbXOp8hsL4-00919-00223559-00223663 which says
yjbXOp8hsL4-00920-00223664-00223863 a goes to
yjbXOp8hsL4-00921-00223864-00224079 small a and b goes to
yjbXOp8hsL4-00922-00224080-00224446 small b okay and then i say that
yjbXOp8hsL4-00923-00224448-00224606 here
yjbXOp8hsL4-00924-00224607-00224894 so i am now computing some i can compute
yjbXOp8hsL4-00925-00224896-00225119 attribute for this a okay so now i
yjbXOp8hsL4-00926-00225119-00225294 compute an attribute for this a and i
yjbXOp8hsL4-00927-00225296-00225463 say that this is
yjbXOp8hsL4-00928-00225464-00225687 a function of
yjbXOp8hsL4-00929-00225688-00225855 a inherited
yjbXOp8hsL4-00930-00225856-00226031 is that
yjbXOp8hsL4-00931-00226032-00226271 a valid equation because this is defined
yjbXOp8hsL4-00932-00226271-00226503 in terms of its inherited attributes so
yjbXOp8hsL4-00933-00226504-00226758 the parent node is that fine
yjbXOp8hsL4-00934-00226759-00226927 so if that is correct then what will
yjbXOp8hsL4-00935-00226928-00227087 happen let us look at my parse tree my
yjbXOp8hsL4-00936-00227088-00227271 fast tree will look something like this
yjbXOp8hsL4-00937-00227271-00227591 i will have a i have b this goes to a
yjbXOp8hsL4-00938-00227592-00227798 this goes to b these are the kind of
yjbXOp8hsL4-00939-00227800-00228006 strings i will generate and then i say
yjbXOp8hsL4-00940-00228007-00228191 here i am computing
yjbXOp8hsL4-00941-00228192-00228351 a inherited
yjbXOp8hsL4-00942-00228352-00228582 right this is where you suggested
yjbXOp8hsL4-00943-00228583-00228710 between a and b
yjbXOp8hsL4-00944-00228711-00228879 and now i say
yjbXOp8hsL4-00945-00228880-00229087 an equation corresponding to this is
yjbXOp8hsL4-00946-00229088-00229319 saying that a goes to
yjbXOp8hsL4-00947-00229319-00229719 a i which is a function of
yjbXOp8hsL4-00948-00229719-00230039 inheritance
yjbXOp8hsL4-00949-00230040-00230591 will this work
yjbXOp8hsL4-00950-00230592-00230798 in depth first traversal order i will
yjbXOp8hsL4-00951-00230800-00231023 reach this node and say give me value of
yjbXOp8hsL4-00952-00231023-00231463 ai but ai has not been computed as yet
yjbXOp8hsL4-00953-00231464-00231831 this won't work
yjbXOp8hsL4-00954-00231832-00232031 right you see the problem why i am not
yjbXOp8hsL4-00955-00232032-00232182 able to compute ai in the second
yjbXOp8hsL4-00956-00232183-00232310 position
yjbXOp8hsL4-00957-00232311-00232646 now what does ai depend upon
yjbXOp8hsL4-00958-00232648-00232910 a here it depends only on the siblings
yjbXOp8hsL4-00959-00232911-00233071 of its
yjbXOp8hsL4-00960-00233071-00233255 or are the attributes of its left
yjbXOp8hsL4-00961-00233256-00233375 siblings
yjbXOp8hsL4-00962-00233376-00233623 so why i can't compute a inherited here
yjbXOp8hsL4-00963-00233623-00233775 does it prevent me from doing any
yjbXOp8hsL4-00964-00233776-00233882 computation
yjbXOp8hsL4-00965-00233883-00234239 here can i compute a inherited here
yjbXOp8hsL4-00966-00234240-00234510 yes okay so if i compute a inherited
yjbXOp8hsL4-00967-00234511-00234663 here okay
yjbXOp8hsL4-00968-00234664-00234871 then i don't have to worry about this
yjbXOp8hsL4-00969-00234871-00235006 problem because in that case what will
yjbXOp8hsL4-00970-00235007-00235351 happen is that i now compute a inherited
yjbXOp8hsL4-00971-00235352-00235463 display
yjbXOp8hsL4-00972-00235464-00235631 and in depth first traversal order when
yjbXOp8hsL4-00973-00235632-00235879 i say now give me this value okay this
yjbXOp8hsL4-00974-00235880-00236119 value has already been completed
yjbXOp8hsL4-00975-00236119-00236303 so thumb rule is whenever you have
yjbXOp8hsL4-00976-00236304-00236534 inherited attribute compute it in the
yjbXOp8hsL4-00977-00236535-00236751 position on the immediately left of the
yjbXOp8hsL4-00978-00236752-00236919 government
yjbXOp8hsL4-00979-00236919-00237319 then i will not have a problem at all
yjbXOp8hsL4-00980-00237319-00237558 okay so when i am trying to compute a
yjbXOp8hsL4-00981-00237559-00237775 inherited and b inherited they must be
yjbXOp8hsL4-00982-00237776-00237910 computed in the place which is
yjbXOp8hsL4-00983-00237911-00238063 immediately to the left of a and
yjbXOp8hsL4-00984-00238064-00238446 immediately to the left of b
yjbXOp8hsL4-00985-00238448-00238710 what about synthesized attribute because
yjbXOp8hsL4-00986-00238711-00238887 in all integrated definitions i can have
yjbXOp8hsL4-00987-00238888-00239031 both inherited and synthesized
yjbXOp8hsL4-00988-00239032-00239134 attributes
yjbXOp8hsL4-00989-00239135-00239310 so what are the places where i can
yjbXOp8hsL4-00990-00239311-00239479 compute synthesized attributes can i
yjbXOp8hsL4-00991-00239480-00239767 compute here here or here what are the
yjbXOp8hsL4-00992-00239767-00240351 right places
yjbXOp8hsL4-00993-00240352-00240751 right off the bat
yjbXOp8hsL4-00994-00240752-00240882 right of the
yjbXOp8hsL4-00995-00240883-00241775 symbol no
yjbXOp8hsL4-00996-00241776-00241951 so suppose i want to compute a
yjbXOp8hsL4-00997-00241952-00243158 synthesizer where should i compute
yjbXOp8hsL4-00998-00243159-00243342 after
yjbXOp8hsL4-00999-00243344-00243894 after
yjbXOp8hsL4-01000-00243896-00244071 i'm not going to put a synthesizer in
yjbXOp8hsL4-01001-00244071-00244342 this gamma rule at all i will completely
yjbXOp8hsL4-01002-00244344-00244534 synthesize only in the grammar rule on
yjbXOp8hsL4-01003-00244535-00244734 which a is on the left hand side
yjbXOp8hsL4-01004-00244735-00244919 because a synthesized depends only on
yjbXOp8hsL4-01005-00244919-00245167 its children notes right why should you
yjbXOp8hsL4-01006-00245167-00245319 have two players synthesized there why
yjbXOp8hsL4-01007-00245319-00245575 should i compute places here
yjbXOp8hsL4-01008-00245576-00245727 those grammar symbols are not available
yjbXOp8hsL4-01009-00245728-00245823 to me
yjbXOp8hsL4-01010-00245823-00246006 if i say i want to compute a synthesize
yjbXOp8hsL4-01011-00246007-00246127 what are the kind of equations you are
yjbXOp8hsL4-01012-00246128-00246287 going to create you will say a
yjbXOp8hsL4-01013-00246288-00246751 synthesized is a function of
yjbXOp8hsL4-01014-00246752-00246951 and these are attributes of children
yjbXOp8hsL4-01015-00246952-00247167 node of a do i have access to children
yjbXOp8hsL4-01016-00247167-00247382 node of a here
yjbXOp8hsL4-01017-00247383-00247846 so how can i compute a synthesized here
yjbXOp8hsL4-01018-00247848-00248094 after small smalling yes so i always
yjbXOp8hsL4-01019-00248096-00248327 compute a synthesized in a rule in which
yjbXOp8hsL4-01020-00248328-00248479 a occurs from the left
yjbXOp8hsL4-01021-00248480-00248630 side
yjbXOp8hsL4-01022-00248631-00248767 and
yjbXOp8hsL4-01023-00248767-00248951 in this equation i can only compute s
yjbXOp8hsL4-01024-00248952-00249087 synthesized
yjbXOp8hsL4-01025-00249088-00249246 right and where can i compute a
yjbXOp8hsL4-01026-00249248-00249391 synthesized what should be the position
yjbXOp8hsL4-01027-00249392-00249646 of a synthesized computation
yjbXOp8hsL4-01028-00249648-00249863 right post position so thumb rule is
yjbXOp8hsL4-01029-00249864-00250087 that all synthesized attributes must be
yjbXOp8hsL4-01030-00250088-00250294 computed in the right hose position and
yjbXOp8hsL4-01031-00250296-00250463 all inherited attributes must be
yjbXOp8hsL4-01032-00250464-00250694 computed in the position immediately to
yjbXOp8hsL4-01033-00250696-00251006 the left of the grammar symbol
yjbXOp8hsL4-01034-00251007-00251239 then i never have problem of evaluation
yjbXOp8hsL4-01035-00251240-00251479 of
yjbXOp8hsL4-01036-00251480-00251646 right is this point here
yjbXOp8hsL4-01037-00251648-00251894 ok so if i just do these computations
yjbXOp8hsL4-01038-00251896-00252127 okay then i can handle my attribute
yjbXOp8hsL4-01039-00252128-00252671 equations without violating any of the
yjbXOp8hsL4-01040-00252671-00252903 dependence problems okay so in case of
yjbXOp8hsL4-01041-00252904-00253087 synthesized attribute this is trivial
yjbXOp8hsL4-01042-00253088-00253230 because i am computing synthesized
yjbXOp8hsL4-01043-00253231-00253455 attribute in the right position but in
yjbXOp8hsL4-01044-00253456-00253694 case of both inherited and synthesized
yjbXOp8hsL4-01045-00253696-00253919 attributes inherited attribute of a
yjbXOp8hsL4-01046-00253919-00254087 symbol on the right hand side must be
yjbXOp8hsL4-01047-00254088-00254263 computed in the action
yjbXOp8hsL4-01048-00254264-00254455 before that symbol immediately left of
yjbXOp8hsL4-01049-00254456-00254719 this so if this is the kind of
yjbXOp8hsL4-01050-00254719-00254942 attribute equations i have you can see
yjbXOp8hsL4-01051-00254944-00255206 that when i make a parse tree like this
yjbXOp8hsL4-01052-00255207-00255398 and i put all attributes in this
yjbXOp8hsL4-01053-00255400-00255567 position when i am saying that i want to
yjbXOp8hsL4-01054-00255567-00255839 print a one inherited a1 inherited has
yjbXOp8hsL4-01055-00255840-00256030 not even been initialized and therefore
yjbXOp8hsL4-01056-00256031-00256246 a1 inherited should have been
yjbXOp8hsL4-01057-00256248-00256382 computed in this position which is
yjbXOp8hsL4-01058-00256383-00256551 immediately on the left of it then i
yjbXOp8hsL4-01059-00256552-00256742 would not have get into any of these
yjbXOp8hsL4-01060-00256744-00256934 violations similarly a two inherited
yjbXOp8hsL4-01061-00256935-00257119 must have been computed on the left of
yjbXOp8hsL4-01062-00257119-00257327 it then this equation would have been
yjbXOp8hsL4-01063-00257328-00257615 fine okay so depth first traversal order
yjbXOp8hsL4-01064-00257616-00257751 in this case is going to give an
yjbXOp8hsL4-01065-00257752-00257958 undefined error and synthesized
yjbXOp8hsL4-01066-00257959-00258110 attribute for non terminal on the left
yjbXOp8hsL4-01067-00258111-00258279 hand side can be computed
yjbXOp8hsL4-01068-00258280-00258527 after all the attributes of the
yjbXOp8hsL4-01069-00258528-00258734 reference have been computed an action
yjbXOp8hsL4-01070-00258735-00258903 normally should be placed at the end of
yjbXOp8hsL4-01071-00258904-00259134 right x okay and inherit it is
yjbXOp8hsL4-01072-00259135-00259358 immediately on the left okay so now let
yjbXOp8hsL4-01073-00259359-00259558 us look at
yjbXOp8hsL4-01074-00259559-00259742 a translation scheme and try to create a
yjbXOp8hsL4-01075-00259744-00259991 translation scheme and suppose
yjbXOp8hsL4-01076-00259992-00260151 this is the
yjbXOp8hsL4-01077-00260152-00260367 okay let us write this first
yjbXOp8hsL4-01078-00260367-00260582 let me give you now specification and
yjbXOp8hsL4-01079-00260583-00260823 what i will ask you to do is i'll ask
yjbXOp8hsL4-01080-00260823-00261023 you to compute the translation scheme or
yjbXOp8hsL4-01081-00261023-00261175 write the translation scheme for this
yjbXOp8hsL4-01082-00261176-00261406 this actually is a grammar for
yjbXOp8hsL4-01083-00261407-00261751 equation types of system which says that
yjbXOp8hsL4-01084-00261752-00261982 start symbol is a block a block can
yjbXOp8hsL4-01085-00261983-00262303 consist of two consecutive blocks or a
yjbXOp8hsL4-01086-00262304-00262558 block can consist of a block and
yjbXOp8hsL4-01087-00262559-00262751 subscript another block so we like
yjbXOp8hsL4-01088-00262752-00262943 saying that if i am trying to do type
yjbXOp8hsL4-01089-00262944-00263215 setting i can have two blocks and i can
yjbXOp8hsL4-01090-00263216-00263430 put them next to each other i can have a
yjbXOp8hsL4-01091-00263431-00263695 block and then i can have a subscript
yjbXOp8hsL4-01092-00263696-00263823 block to this
yjbXOp8hsL4-01093-00263824-00263975 only thing that happens in case of
yjbXOp8hsL4-01094-00263976-00264182 substrate block is that
yjbXOp8hsL4-01095-00264183-00264455 the font size of this will be smaller
yjbXOp8hsL4-01096-00264456-00264599 okay so you can say that subscript is
yjbXOp8hsL4-01097-00264600-00264847 going to be 75 percent smaller than this
yjbXOp8hsL4-01098-00264848-00265039 font size and this will be slightly
yjbXOp8hsL4-01099-00265040-00265215 replaced displaced
yjbXOp8hsL4-01100-00265216-00265463 okay so that now the total height of the
yjbXOp8hsL4-01101-00265464-00265630 block changes okay and this is the kind
yjbXOp8hsL4-01102-00265631-00265830 of computation i am trying to do that if
yjbXOp8hsL4-01103-00265831-00266215 i say that my point size is an inherited
yjbXOp8hsL4-01104-00266216-00266382 so i have two kind of attributes now so
yjbXOp8hsL4-01105-00266383-00266606 let me remove synthesized attribute if i
yjbXOp8hsL4-01106-00266607-00266719 say that
yjbXOp8hsL4-01107-00266720-00266903 my point size is an inherited attribute
yjbXOp8hsL4-01108-00266904-00267047 so when i start doing type setting
yjbXOp8hsL4-01109-00267048-00267255 system i say that i want to type set
yjbXOp8hsL4-01110-00267256-00267463 these documents in 10 point size
yjbXOp8hsL4-01111-00267464-00267639 we have done enough of data to know this
yjbXOp8hsL4-01112-00267640-00267823 okay that right in the beginning to
yjbXOp8hsL4-01113-00267824-00267975 declare the font size and then you say
yjbXOp8hsL4-01114-00267976-00268071 that
yjbXOp8hsL4-01115-00268072-00268279 b1 point size and p2 point size are
yjbXOp8hsL4-01116-00268280-00268510 determined by this so v1 point size is b
yjbXOp8hsL4-01117-00268511-00268751 point size and v2 point size is b point
yjbXOp8hsL4-01118-00268752-00268847 size
yjbXOp8hsL4-01119-00268848-00269047 but when it comes to a rule like this
yjbXOp8hsL4-01120-00269048-00269191 which says that
yjbXOp8hsL4-01121-00269192-00269534 b is a block which consists of b 1 and a
yjbXOp8hsL4-01122-00269535-00269782 subscript block b 2 then b 1 point size
yjbXOp8hsL4-01123-00269783-00269991 is same as b point size but b 2 point
yjbXOp8hsL4-01124-00269992-00270271 size is slightly smaller and depending
yjbXOp8hsL4-01125-00270272-00270471 on your type setting system you will
yjbXOp8hsL4-01126-00270472-00270615 have a string fraction
yjbXOp8hsL4-01127-00270616-00270855 right so shifting will be like 75 80
yjbXOp8hsL4-01128-00270856-00271039 percent seventy percent doesn't matter
yjbXOp8hsL4-01129-00271040-00271279 and therefore we use this function now
yjbXOp8hsL4-01130-00271280-00271463 what will be really the height okay so
yjbXOp8hsL4-01131-00271464-00271695 then we say that the height of this text
yjbXOp8hsL4-01132-00271696-00271863 is going to be b height is going to be
yjbXOp8hsL4-01133-00271864-00272079 determined by the text height multiplied
yjbXOp8hsL4-01134-00272080-00272295 by point six so some function there
yjbXOp8hsL4-01135-00272296-00272527 right and then how will i determine
yjbXOp8hsL4-01136-00272528-00272743 height of this b now you can see that i
yjbXOp8hsL4-01137-00272744-00272927 have height of b one and i have height
yjbXOp8hsL4-01138-00272928-00273151 of b two but it's like displacement so
yjbXOp8hsL4-01139-00273152-00273367 total height will actually go up and
yjbXOp8hsL4-01140-00273368-00273543 therefore we say that b height is
yjbXOp8hsL4-01141-00273544-00273782 nothing but with some displacement okay
yjbXOp8hsL4-01142-00273783-00273991 so you one can determine what is the
yjbXOp8hsL4-01143-00273992-00274143 displacement factor whether you want to
yjbXOp8hsL4-01144-00274144-00274375 align it in the middle and so on ok but
yjbXOp8hsL4-01145-00274376-00274527 the total height is going to be more
yjbXOp8hsL4-01146-00274528-00274855 than height of b1 and b2 and therefore i
yjbXOp8hsL4-01147-00274856-00275006 say that b height is
yjbXOp8hsL4-01148-00275007-00275239 displacement of some b1 height and b2
yjbXOp8hsL4-01149-00275240-00275423 height some displacement function what
yjbXOp8hsL4-01150-00275424-00275606 about b height here
yjbXOp8hsL4-01151-00275607-00275758 b height is going to be simple that
yjbXOp8hsL4-01152-00275759-00276015 whatever is the max of the two okay that
yjbXOp8hsL4-01153-00276016-00276167 will become the height i have been
yjbXOp8hsL4-01154-00276168-00276334 assuming that at least there is going to
yjbXOp8hsL4-01155-00276335-00276582 be alignment at one position and then
yjbXOp8hsL4-01156-00276583-00276758 what is the height of the start symbol
yjbXOp8hsL4-01157-00276759-00276951 or the whole text that is going to be
yjbXOp8hsL4-01158-00276952-00277095 the dehydrator
yjbXOp8hsL4-01159-00277096-00277191 right
yjbXOp8hsL4-01160-00277192-00277358 now suppose i want to
yjbXOp8hsL4-01161-00277359-00277615 convert this into a translation scheme
yjbXOp8hsL4-01162-00277616-00277847 that means i want to put
yjbXOp8hsL4-01163-00277848-00278143 all the attribute equations in a place
yjbXOp8hsL4-01164-00278144-00278358 that i will not have any violation of
yjbXOp8hsL4-01165-00278359-00278479 evaluation
yjbXOp8hsL4-01166-00278480-00278647 whenever i am trying to do that
yjbXOp8hsL4-01167-00278648-00278943 computation all that attitude it depends
yjbXOp8hsL4-01168-00278944-00279143 upon will be available to me no such
yjbXOp8hsL4-01169-00279144-00279319 violation will take place
yjbXOp8hsL4-01170-00279320-00279558 where should i put all these inherited
yjbXOp8hsL4-01171-00279559-00279703 that you could synthesize attribute will
yjbXOp8hsL4-01172-00279704-00279847 remain in the rightmost position that we
yjbXOp8hsL4-01173-00279848-00280087 have agreed so where should i put
yjbXOp8hsL4-01174-00280088-00280303 this equation
yjbXOp8hsL4-01175-00280304-00280743 if i am writing a translation scheme
yjbXOp8hsL4-01176-00280744-00280927 where will this go
yjbXOp8hsL4-01177-00280928-00281327 the point size is sine 10
yjbXOp8hsL4-01178-00281328-00281575 left of b so my attribute equation
yjbXOp8hsL4-01179-00281576-00281910 should look something like this after
yjbXOp8hsL4-01180-00281911-00282079 converting this into a translation
yjbXOp8hsL4-01181-00282080-00282263 scheme it should be something like
yjbXOp8hsL4-01182-00282264-00282382 saying that
yjbXOp8hsL4-01183-00282383-00282639 the point size is 10 that becomes the
yjbXOp8hsL4-01184-00282640-00282871 action and then i have
yjbXOp8hsL4-01185-00282872-00283047 b and then i say that
yjbXOp8hsL4-01186-00283048-00283375 s height is
yjbXOp8hsL4-01187-00283376-00283534 b
yjbXOp8hsL4-01188-00283535-00283623 right
yjbXOp8hsL4-01189-00283624-00283895 this is rt
yjbXOp8hsL4-01190-00283896-00284510 what about this
yjbXOp8hsL4-01191-00284511-00284751 how will this equation change this rule
yjbXOp8hsL4-01192-00284752-00284934 and these equations in terms of
yjbXOp8hsL4-01193-00284935-00285463 translation scheme how will they look
yjbXOp8hsL4-01194-00285464-00286015 v goes true
yjbXOp8hsL4-01195-00286016-00286334 p1 point size is sine
yjbXOp8hsL4-01196-00286335-00286599 v point size
yjbXOp8hsL4-01197-00286600-00286823 followed by
yjbXOp8hsL4-01198-00286824-00286999 v1
yjbXOp8hsL4-01199-00287000-00287351 followed by
yjbXOp8hsL4-01200-00287352-00287679 b2 point size is assigned
yjbXOp8hsL4-01201-00287680-00288054 b point size
yjbXOp8hsL4-01202-00288055-00288175 followed by
yjbXOp8hsL4-01203-00288176-00288287 b2
yjbXOp8hsL4-01204-00288288-00288751 followed by
yjbXOp8hsL4-01205-00288752-00288943 v height is
yjbXOp8hsL4-01206-00288944-00289951 max of
yjbXOp8hsL4-01207-00289952-00290310 this becomes my transition
yjbXOp8hsL4-01208-00290311-00290399 right
yjbXOp8hsL4-01209-00290400-00290719 okay similarly so now i can do the same
yjbXOp8hsL4-01210-00290720-00290934 thing here okay i evaluate it on the
yjbXOp8hsL4-01211-00290935-00291127 left hand side so the way to read this
yjbXOp8hsL4-01212-00291128-00291334 is left to right top to bottom
yjbXOp8hsL4-01213-00291335-00291439 so
yjbXOp8hsL4-01214-00291440-00291710 i evaluate d1 on left of v1 point size
yjbXOp8hsL4-01215-00291711-00291982 and left of d1 b2 point size on left of
yjbXOp8hsL4-01216-00291983-00292199 b2 and then this at the end and
yjbXOp8hsL4-01217-00292200-00292503 similarly d1 point size on left of b1
yjbXOp8hsL4-01218-00292504-00292799 and b2 point size on left of b2 and this
yjbXOp8hsL4-01219-00292800-00292895 and then
yjbXOp8hsL4-01220-00292896-00293151 this is my translations
yjbXOp8hsL4-01221-00293152-00293263 now let me
yjbXOp8hsL4-01222-00293264-00293582 pose a question to you ok suppose
yjbXOp8hsL4-01223-00293583-00293782 i instead of this
yjbXOp8hsL4-01224-00293783-00294006 i say
yjbXOp8hsL4-01225-00294007-00294271 evaluated here okay
yjbXOp8hsL4-01226-00294272-00294623 does it change anything
yjbXOp8hsL4-01227-00294624-00294767 will i always be able to do this
yjbXOp8hsL4-01228-00294768-00295439 evaluation
yjbXOp8hsL4-01229-00295440-00296830 why not
yjbXOp8hsL4-01230-00296831-00297071 in this case it may not matter okay but
yjbXOp8hsL4-01231-00297072-00297215 we cannot have a general rule and
yjbXOp8hsL4-01232-00297216-00297415 therefore rather than looking at what
yjbXOp8hsL4-01233-00297416-00297615 are the attribute it depends upon we
yjbXOp8hsL4-01234-00297616-00297751 have a general rule which says that
yjbXOp8hsL4-01235-00297752-00297910 compute it always on the immediately
yjbXOp8hsL4-01236-00297911-00298119 left of the grammar symbol so you do not
yjbXOp8hsL4-01237-00298120-00298295 have to look at what does it depend upon
yjbXOp8hsL4-01238-00298296-00298463 because in this case now you are saying
yjbXOp8hsL4-01239-00298464-00298623 oh it depends only on the inherited
yjbXOp8hsL4-01240-00298624-00298815 attribute and therefore of the parent
yjbXOp8hsL4-01241-00298816-00299023 and therefore i could have computed okay
yjbXOp8hsL4-01242-00299024-00299158 but then it will change from case to
yjbXOp8hsL4-01243-00299159-00299334 case okay and therefore i do not want to
yjbXOp8hsL4-01244-00299335-00299415 take
yjbXOp8hsL4-01245-00299416-00299615 that kind of analysis and i will say
yjbXOp8hsL4-01246-00299616-00299839 that always compute
yjbXOp8hsL4-01247-00299840-00300030 this equation on left of v 1 and this
yjbXOp8hsL4-01248-00300031-00300287 equation on the left of v 2 and so on
yjbXOp8hsL4-01249-00300288-00300447 and then
yjbXOp8hsL4-01250-00300448-00300734 then i want that
yjbXOp8hsL4-01251-00300735-00300958 now that we understand translation
yjbXOp8hsL4-01252-00300959-00301175 schemes ok
yjbXOp8hsL4-01253-00301176-00301367 are going to attack these two problems
yjbXOp8hsL4-01254-00301368-00301551 we are going to attack this box and this
yjbXOp8hsL4-01255-00301552-00301710 box and say that with the help of
yjbXOp8hsL4-01256-00301711-00302030 translation schemes can i now use
yjbXOp8hsL4-01257-00302031-00302223 electric definitions for a bottom-up
yjbXOp8hsL4-01258-00302224-00302415 parser and
yjbXOp8hsL4-01259-00302416-00302591 synthesize definitions for a top-down
yjbXOp8hsL4-01260-00302592-00302830 path right these two boxes were left in
yjbXOp8hsL4-01261-00302831-00303023 these two we have understood so now we
yjbXOp8hsL4-01262-00303024-00303279 are going to attack these problems
yjbXOp8hsL4-01263-00303280-00303567 okay so let's stop here today and this
yjbXOp8hsL4-01264-00303568-00303791 will take up in the week that follows
yjbXOp8hsL4-01266-00307552-00307759 you
ylV3-XfpVay-00000-00000094-00000403 the MSS and transcendent leadership is a
ylV3-XfpVay-00001-00000404-00000674 two-year master's degree program offered
ylV3-XfpVay-00002-00000675-00000857 by Peace Theological Seminary and
ylV3-XfpVay-00003-00000858-00001204 College of Philosophy in this program we
ylV3-XfpVay-00004-00001205-00001448 co-create the space to come together and
ylV3-XfpVay-00005-00001449-00001612 practice connecting with the
ylV3-XfpVay-00006-00001613-00001957 transcendent leader within we establish
ylV3-XfpVay-00007-00001959-00002242 a rhythm of being and doing individually
ylV3-XfpVay-00008-00002243-00002471 and as a cohort of leaders where we
ylV3-XfpVay-00009-00002472-00002672 listen to our inner guidance and then
ylV3-XfpVay-00010-00002673-00003032 followed that in the world this program
ylV3-XfpVay-00011-00003033-00003229 is for people who want to expand their
ylV3-XfpVay-00012-00003230-00003497 knowing of who they are who want to live
ylV3-XfpVay-00013-00003497-00003761 a spirit-led life and who want to be
ylV3-XfpVay-00014-00003761-00003920 more effective in applying their
ylV3-XfpVay-00015-00003921-00004206 awareness of spirit and all that they do
ylV3-XfpVay-00016-00004207-00004522 together we explore multiple approaches
ylV3-XfpVay-00017-00004523-00004736 to leadership and learn skills and
ylV3-XfpVay-00018-00004737-00004958 practices that we can implement in our
ylV3-XfpVay-00019-00004959-00005384 work our relationships and our lives we
ylV3-XfpVay-00020-00005385-00005638 explore the multiple levels and aspects
ylV3-XfpVay-00021-00005639-00005920 of human consciousness and learn how
ylV3-XfpVay-00022-00005921-00006118 awareness of these levels can enhance
ylV3-XfpVay-00023-00006119-00006377 the positive impact we make as leaders
ylV3-XfpVay-00024-00006378-00006584 working for the highest good of all
ylV3-XfpVay-00025-00006584-00006869 concerned the transcendent leadership
ylV3-XfpVay-00026-00006870-00007060 faculty are drawing on decades of
ylV3-XfpVay-00027-00007061-00007303 experience to create a curriculum where
ylV3-XfpVay-00028-00007304-00007531 we can each discover what transcendent
ylV3-XfpVay-00029-00007533-00007810 leadership is to us a curriculum that is
ylV3-XfpVay-00030-00007811-00008071 experiential multi-dimensional and
ylV3-XfpVay-00031-00008072-00008456 highly encouraging it provides the space
ylV3-XfpVay-00032-00008457-00008678 to ask what does it mean to live a
ylV3-XfpVay-00033-00008679-00009002 spirit live life we've built this
ylV3-XfpVay-00034-00009003-00009185 program in a blended learning format
ylV3-XfpVay-00035-00009186-00009416 that combines a social learning platform
ylV3-XfpVay-00036-00009417-00009628 video conferencing and in-person
ylV3-XfpVay-00037-00009629-00009842 education to support students in
ylV3-XfpVay-00038-00009843-00010016 integrating what they're learning with
ylV3-XfpVay-00039-00010017-00010292 their day to day lives this format is
ylV3-XfpVay-00040-00010293-00010510 powered by five residences in Santa
ylV3-XfpVay-00041-00010511-00010717 Monica California where the entire
ylV3-XfpVay-00042-00010718-00010913 transcendent leadership cohort will come
ylV3-XfpVay-00043-00010914-00011162 together to learn and to share bottom
ylV3-XfpVay-00044-00011163-00011374 line you can participate from anywhere
ylV3-XfpVay-00045-00011375-00011671 in the world our doors are open and our
ylV3-XfpVay-00046-00011672-00012071 classes start this fall
ylV3-XfpVay-00047-00012072-00012278 you
ymqC3WBlLy8-00000-00000024-00000254 we're going to talk about transactional
ymqC3WBlLy8-00001-00000256-00000359 leadership
ymqC3WBlLy8-00002-00000360-00000591 to some people this is an old managerial
ymqC3WBlLy8-00003-00000592-00000726 approach that we should throw out of the
ymqC3WBlLy8-00004-00000727-00000799 window
ymqC3WBlLy8-00005-00000800-00000966 but to others it's an important
ymqC3WBlLy8-00006-00000967-00001199 leadership area to study
ymqC3WBlLy8-00007-00001200-00001366 because it teaches us a lot about all
ymqC3WBlLy8-00008-00001367-00001614 the new areas of leadership studies so
ymqC3WBlLy8-00009-00001616-00001782 we're going to be working out of johnson
ymqC3WBlLy8-00010-00001784-00001951 and hackman's book on leadership i'll
ymqC3WBlLy8-00011-00001952-00002095 put a link to that in the description
ymqC3WBlLy8-00012-00002096-00002215 below this video
ymqC3WBlLy8-00013-00002216-00002487 let's get into the details as i
ymqC3WBlLy8-00014-00002488-00002567 understand it
ymqC3WBlLy8-00015-00002568-00002783 james mcgregor burns first wrote about
ymqC3WBlLy8-00016-00002784-00002902 transactional leadership
ymqC3WBlLy8-00017-00002903-00003199 in his book called leadership and burns
ymqC3WBlLy8-00018-00003200-00003303 based his thinking
ymqC3WBlLy8-00019-00003304-00003567 on maslow's hierarchy of needs we have
ymqC3WBlLy8-00020-00003568-00003638 five
ymqC3WBlLy8-00021-00003639-00003799 levels of needs that people are all
ymqC3WBlLy8-00022-00003800-00003999 pursuing at different points
ymqC3WBlLy8-00023-00004000-00004279 and the idea is transactional leaders
ymqC3WBlLy8-00024-00004280-00004311 are
ymqC3WBlLy8-00025-00004312-00004559 concerned mostly with satisfying the
ymqC3WBlLy8-00026-00004560-00004791 physiological safety and belonging
ymqC3WBlLy8-00027-00004792-00005038 needs of their followers so it's in
ymqC3WBlLy8-00028-00005039-00005111 exchange
ymqC3WBlLy8-00029-00005112-00005359 the leader exchanges rewards and
ymqC3WBlLy8-00030-00005360-00005454 privileges
ymqC3WBlLy8-00031-00005455-00005751 for desired outcomes so if the follower
ymqC3WBlLy8-00032-00005752-00005863 is performing well
ymqC3WBlLy8-00033-00005864-00006063 the leader tries to help the follower
ymqC3WBlLy8-00034-00006064-00006215 meet these three lower
ymqC3WBlLy8-00035-00006216-00006518 level needs it is like a marine
ymqC3WBlLy8-00036-00006519-00006742 drill sergeant as the example goes in
ymqC3WBlLy8-00037-00006743-00006919 the johnson book
ymqC3WBlLy8-00038-00006920-00007119 the marine drill sergeant would trade a
ymqC3WBlLy8-00039-00007120-00007287 weekend pass for clean
ymqC3WBlLy8-00040-00007288-00007455 barracks so there's an exchange you do a
ymqC3WBlLy8-00041-00007456-00007663 good job you get rewarded
ymqC3WBlLy8-00042-00007664-00007863 a little later bernard bass and his
ymqC3WBlLy8-00043-00007864-00007998 research associates
ymqC3WBlLy8-00044-00008000-00008214 talked about these different factors and
ymqC3WBlLy8-00045-00008215-00008383 ways that you can observe
ymqC3WBlLy8-00046-00008384-00008631 the transactional leader in action and
ymqC3WBlLy8-00047-00008632-00008807 the first is contingent reward and
ymqC3WBlLy8-00048-00008808-00008910 here's where
ymqC3WBlLy8-00049-00008911-00009206 the leader provides rewards for good
ymqC3WBlLy8-00050-00009207-00009271 effort
ymqC3WBlLy8-00051-00009272-00009495 they want to recognize good performance
ymqC3WBlLy8-00052-00009496-00009671 so you only it's contingent you only get
ymqC3WBlLy8-00053-00009672-00009846 the reward if you perform well
ymqC3WBlLy8-00054-00009847-00010039 there's also management by exception and
ymqC3WBlLy8-00055-00010040-00010183 here's where you step in
ymqC3WBlLy8-00056-00010184-00010431 when something's not going well so the
ymqC3WBlLy8-00057-00010432-00010614 leader is trying to maintain the status
ymqC3WBlLy8-00058-00010615-00010703 quo
ymqC3WBlLy8-00059-00010704-00010951 and they intervene when subordinates
ymqC3WBlLy8-00060-00010952-00011119 don't meet the acceptable
ymqC3WBlLy8-00061-00011120-00011359 performance levels the leader then
ymqC3WBlLy8-00062-00011360-00011431 initiates
ymqC3WBlLy8-00063-00011432-00011670 negative feedback corrective action to
ymqC3WBlLy8-00064-00011671-00011774 improve performance
ymqC3WBlLy8-00065-00011775-00012063 essentially punishment now even though
ymqC3WBlLy8-00066-00012064-00012151 this sounds very
ymqC3WBlLy8-00067-00012152-00012431 old school and it's really a managerial
ymqC3WBlLy8-00068-00012432-00012614 approach as much as it is a leadership
ymqC3WBlLy8-00069-00012615-00012919 approach some very successful leaders
ymqC3WBlLy8-00070-00012919-00013135 have had this style you may know some of
ymqC3WBlLy8-00071-00013136-00013263 them and there are some very well-known
ymqC3WBlLy8-00072-00013263-00013366 people
ymqC3WBlLy8-00073-00013368-00013575 in the public for example vince lombardi
ymqC3WBlLy8-00074-00013576-00013743 is a famous
ymqC3WBlLy8-00075-00013744-00014022 coach football coach considered one of
ymqC3WBlLy8-00076-00014023-00014079 the most
ymqC3WBlLy8-00077-00014080-00014279 successful coaches of all time but he
ymqC3WBlLy8-00078-00014280-00014519 was known as being a very transactional
ymqC3WBlLy8-00079-00014519-00014847 leader in fact as many coaches are so
ymqC3WBlLy8-00080-00014847-00015150 if you performed well did your job well
ymqC3WBlLy8-00081-00015151-00015375 on the field you got rewarded you got to
ymqC3WBlLy8-00082-00015376-00015535 continue to be a starter
ymqC3WBlLy8-00083-00015536-00015775 you got to win games everything went
ymqC3WBlLy8-00084-00015776-00015927 well if you didn't perform well you
ymqC3WBlLy8-00085-00015928-00016038 didn't meet your goals
ymqC3WBlLy8-00086-00016040-00016230 you were benched and you didn't get to
ymqC3WBlLy8-00087-00016231-00016391 play anymore you were punished in other
ymqC3WBlLy8-00088-00016392-00016494 words
ymqC3WBlLy8-00089-00016495-00016743 and it sounds very calculated and very
ymqC3WBlLy8-00090-00016744-00016903 cold and straightforward
ymqC3WBlLy8-00091-00016904-00017063 but he was one of the best football
ymqC3WBlLy8-00092-00017064-00017239 coaches of all time he won
ymqC3WBlLy8-00093-00017240-00017430 more games than almost anybody if i'm
ymqC3WBlLy8-00094-00017431-00017543 remembering my stats
ymqC3WBlLy8-00095-00017544-00017791 correctly so these are the kinds of
ymqC3WBlLy8-00096-00017792-00017983 transactional leaders that can become
ymqC3WBlLy8-00097-00017984-00018071 successful
ymqC3WBlLy8-00098-00018072-00018311 and it's not just coaches and sports
ymqC3WBlLy8-00099-00018312-00018407 there are other
ymqC3WBlLy8-00100-00018408-00018630 types for example in corporate settings
ymqC3WBlLy8-00101-00018631-00018750 they say bill gates
ymqC3WBlLy8-00102-00018751-00019055 is a transactional leader he's all about
ymqC3WBlLy8-00103-00019056-00019239 setting clear goals and he sees clear
ymqC3WBlLy8-00104-00019240-00019471 goals as that natural motivation
ymqC3WBlLy8-00105-00019472-00019663 to help followers see that they can
ymqC3WBlLy8-00106-00019664-00019799 succeed he's known as being
ymqC3WBlLy8-00107-00019800-00020014 transactional he's not a particularly
ymqC3WBlLy8-00108-00020015-00020199 inspirational figure when you hear him
ymqC3WBlLy8-00109-00020200-00020367 talk and in the way he leads
ymqC3WBlLy8-00110-00020368-00020550 but he does help his followers reach
ymqC3WBlLy8-00111-00020551-00020686 their goals and they get
ymqC3WBlLy8-00112-00020687-00020927 rewarded there's a fictitious one but
ymqC3WBlLy8-00113-00020928-00021135 one that maybe you have seen in a movie
ymqC3WBlLy8-00114-00021136-00021358 called the devil was prada
ymqC3WBlLy8-00115-00021359-00021614 meryl street plays miranda priestley and
ymqC3WBlLy8-00116-00021615-00021855 she's the editor of a magazine
ymqC3WBlLy8-00117-00021856-00022086 she's harsh she's tough to work with but
ymqC3WBlLy8-00118-00022087-00022286 she is a good example of a transactional
ymqC3WBlLy8-00119-00022287-00022367 leader
ymqC3WBlLy8-00120-00022368-00022686 so she is very keen to set extremely
ymqC3WBlLy8-00121-00022687-00022886 high standards and punish people
ymqC3WBlLy8-00122-00022887-00023039 frequently if they don't meet those
ymqC3WBlLy8-00123-00023040-00023271 standards but she also in the end
ymqC3WBlLy8-00124-00023272-00023550 does reward people when they meet those
ymqC3WBlLy8-00125-00023551-00023727 standards it's rare but she will reward
ymqC3WBlLy8-00126-00023728-00023855 them in the end
ymqC3WBlLy8-00127-00023856-00024094 she is an exaggeration of course she's a
ymqC3WBlLy8-00128-00024095-00024319 character in the movie not a real person
ymqC3WBlLy8-00129-00024320-00024511 but the whole movie essentially
ymqC3WBlLy8-00130-00024512-00024758 illustrates her transactional leadership
ymqC3WBlLy8-00131-00024759-00024999 style in terms of what does this look
ymqC3WBlLy8-00132-00025000-00025111 like in the moment
ymqC3WBlLy8-00133-00025112-00025294 well the beginning of the the
ymqC3WBlLy8-00134-00025295-00025486 interaction the situation
ymqC3WBlLy8-00135-00025487-00025702 you'll see the leader establishing
ymqC3WBlLy8-00136-00025704-00025887 clearly defined criteria for good
ymqC3WBlLy8-00137-00025888-00025999 performance
ymqC3WBlLy8-00138-00026000-00026270 and anticipated rewards for successful
ymqC3WBlLy8-00139-00026272-00026455 followers so they'll know how to get
ymqC3WBlLy8-00140-00026456-00026543 there
ymqC3WBlLy8-00141-00026544-00026807 then the leader will be monitoring to
ymqC3WBlLy8-00142-00026808-00026967 evaluate compliance
ymqC3WBlLy8-00143-00026968-00027183 success or non-compliance of the
ymqC3WBlLy8-00144-00027183-00027279 followers
ymqC3WBlLy8-00145-00027280-00027407 they'll be giving bonuses and
ymqC3WBlLy8-00146-00027408-00027623 recognition for accomplishing the goals
ymqC3WBlLy8-00147-00027624-00027807 and the leader will be punishing poor
ymqC3WBlLy8-00148-00027808-00027967 work or negative
ymqC3WBlLy8-00149-00027968-00028223 outcomes so very straightforward i'm not
ymqC3WBlLy8-00150-00028224-00028367 a huge fan of this
ymqC3WBlLy8-00151-00028368-00028631 but it does have some strengths and some
ymqC3WBlLy8-00152-00028632-00028807 weaknesses so the advantages are it
ymqC3WBlLy8-00153-00028808-00028983 provides a clear structure
ymqC3WBlLy8-00154-00028983-00029207 it gives achievable goals there's a very
ymqC3WBlLy8-00155-00029208-00029414 straightforward and obvious motivation
ymqC3WBlLy8-00156-00029416-00029646 and it can be a very efficient way to
ymqC3WBlLy8-00157-00029647-00029718 lead
ymqC3WBlLy8-00158-00029719-00029927 the disadvantages are that it's
ymqC3WBlLy8-00159-00029927-00030111 inflexible and rigid
ymqC3WBlLy8-00160-00030112-00030374 it's uninspiring context to work under
ymqC3WBlLy8-00161-00030375-00030543 oftentimes because you have to find your
ymqC3WBlLy8-00162-00030544-00030655 own motivation
ymqC3WBlLy8-00163-00030656-00030999 to push for these goals and it can be
ymqC3WBlLy8-00164-00031000-00031214 very limited in terms of the follower
ymqC3WBlLy8-00165-00031216-00031311 engagement
ymqC3WBlLy8-00166-00031312-00031551 so question of the day what do you think
ymqC3WBlLy8-00167-00031552-00031862 of this transactional leadership style
ymqC3WBlLy8-00168-00031863-00031999 do you think it's old-fashioned do you
ymqC3WBlLy8-00169-00032000-00032199 think we should leave it behind or do
ymqC3WBlLy8-00170-00032200-00032270 you think at least
ymqC3WBlLy8-00171-00032272-00032543 understanding it has some value so if
ymqC3WBlLy8-00172-00032544-00032767 nothing else you can move forward
ymqC3WBlLy8-00173-00032768-00033046 from there and i want to give you uh two
ymqC3WBlLy8-00174-00033047-00033207 three three other videos to take a look
ymqC3WBlLy8-00175-00033208-00033455 at the first is a video i made on the
ymqC3WBlLy8-00176-00033456-00033711 transformational leadership style which
ymqC3WBlLy8-00177-00033712-00033974 is a total opposite of this i also made
ymqC3WBlLy8-00178-00033975-00034231 a video comparing these two head to head
ymqC3WBlLy8-00179-00034232-00034359 the transactional versus
ymqC3WBlLy8-00180-00034360-00034518 transformational and i made a related
ymqC3WBlLy8-00181-00034519-00034599 video on the
ymqC3WBlLy8-00182-00034600-00034815 traits approach to leadership for some
ymqC3WBlLy8-00183-00034816-00035055 reason these all start with the letter t
ymqC3WBlLy8-00184-00035056-00035231 i'll put links to all those in the
ymqC3WBlLy8-00185-00035232-00035383 description below this video feel free
ymqC3WBlLy8-00186-00035384-00035471 to check it out
ymqC3WBlLy8-00187-00035472-00035639 and again i look forward to reading your
ymqC3WBlLy8-00188-00035640-00035799 comments about this approach of
ymqC3WBlLy8-00189-00035800-00035871 leadership
ymqC3WBlLy8-00190-00035872-00036288 in that section below take care
ynnKhlz_VQy-00000-00000955-00001416 I think I'm done done with what
ynnKhlz_VQy-00001-00001417-00001709 the alliance I think it's time to call
ynnKhlz_VQy-00002-00001710-00002039 it quits
ynnKhlz_VQy-00003-00002039-00002218 reason
ynnKhlz_VQy-00004-00002219-00002363 to put it simply
ynnKhlz_VQy-00005-00002364-00002567 I entered this Alliance thinking we were
ynnKhlz_VQy-00006-00002568-00002705 preparing to fight some impending
ynnKhlz_VQy-00007-00002706-00003107 Darkness but it hasn't come in fact
ynnKhlz_VQy-00008-00003108-00003274 there haven't been any suspicious
ynnKhlz_VQy-00009-00003275-00003485 incidents recently and you haven't
ynnKhlz_VQy-00010-00003486-00003767 rallied anyone else to your cause
ynnKhlz_VQy-00011-00003768-00003978 yeah but
ynnKhlz_VQy-00012-00003979-00004199 [Music]
ynnKhlz_VQy-00013-00004200-00004438 this Alliance is meaningless
ynnKhlz_VQy-00014-00004439-00004654 even Envy agrees
ynnKhlz_VQy-00015-00004655-00004913 Oh Henry
ynnKhlz_VQy-00016-00004914-00005279 oh you weren't supposed to find out is
ynnKhlz_VQy-00017-00005280-00005470 Envy the one who told you to break our
ynnKhlz_VQy-00018-00005471-00005806 alliance
ynnKhlz_VQy-00019-00005807-00006022 Maybe
ynnKhlz_VQy-00020-00006023-00006322 but I'm the one who decided to do it and
ynnKhlz_VQy-00021-00006323-00006601 I've already told you why
ynnKhlz_VQy-00022-00006602-00006875 but we don't even know who the trainer
ynnKhlz_VQy-00023-00006876-00007105 is yet
ynnKhlz_VQy-00024-00007106-00007355 [Music]
ynnKhlz_VQy-00025-00007356-00007877 exactly why
ynnKhlz_VQy-00026-00007878-00008455 [Music]
ynnKhlz_VQy-00027-00008456-00008849 I just can't trust anyone but myself
ynnKhlz_VQy-00028-00008850-00009071 don't you realize you won't stand a
ynnKhlz_VQy-00029-00009072-00009492 chance against the darkness on your own
ynnKhlz_VQy-00030-00009493-00009906 I'm sorry my mind's made up
ynnKhlz_VQy-00031-00009907-00010974 [Music]
ynnKhlz_VQy-00032-00010975-00011486 Envy you will regret this
zowwfWBTyOQ-00000-00000454-00000805 hello Putin and foal come out binhai
zowwfWBTyOQ-00001-00000806-00001091 come by tom papa damn high nomnom shows
zowwfWBTyOQ-00002-00001092-00001399 how come by damn come by naam hai so shy
zowwfWBTyOQ-00003-00001400-00001817 away by email in this economy oscon Jeff
zowwfWBTyOQ-00004-00001818-00002162 a duel champion website for web bios
zowwfWBTyOQ-00005-00002163-00002575 quantum arrow champion qua qua quitting
zowwfWBTyOQ-00006-00002576-00002879 and come out and come I'm no good time
zowwfWBTyOQ-00007-00002880-00003179 you and us to Totem complete code from
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zowwfWBTyOQ-00051-00016791-00017190 IBT and your onion dip
z0BpN9neSCE-00000-00000102-00000359 this year thank you that concludes
z0BpN9neSCE-00001-00000360-00000580 general questions we move on to Fresh
z0BpN9neSCE-00002-00000581-00000743 ministers questions and question number
z0BpN9neSCE-00003-00000744-00000952 one I call Douglas Ross thank you
z0BpN9neSCE-00004-00000953-00001216 presiding officer this week's Health
z0BpN9neSCE-00005-00001217-00001462 figures revealed that more people are
z0BpN9neSCE-00006-00001463-00001660 waiting longer than ever for emergency
z0BpN9neSCE-00007-00001661-00001829 treatment
z0BpN9neSCE-00008-00001830-00001991 across Scotland over the last week
z0BpN9neSCE-00009-00001992-00002326 nearly 10 000 people waited more than
z0BpN9neSCE-00010-00002327-00002567 the target Food hours accident and
z0BpN9neSCE-00011-00002568-00002860 emergency departments that's the worst
z0BpN9neSCE-00012-00002861-00003166 waiting times on record and it's only
z0BpN9neSCE-00013-00003167-00003472 September our doctors our nurses and
z0BpN9neSCE-00014-00003473-00003706 staff are doing outstanding work but we
z0BpN9neSCE-00015-00003707-00003959 know the pressures on our NHS only get
z0BpN9neSCE-00016-00003960-00004145 worse over the winter
z0BpN9neSCE-00017-00004146-00004361 so first Minister what action is your
z0BpN9neSCE-00018-00004362-00004619 government taking now to reduce the time
z0BpN9neSCE-00019-00004620-00004763 that people are waiting for emergency
z0BpN9neSCE-00020-00004764-00005002 treatment here in Scotland first
z0BpN9neSCE-00021-00005003-00005327 Minister uh thank you presenting officer
z0BpN9neSCE-00022-00005328-00005609 as a health secretary said earlier this
z0BpN9neSCE-00023-00005610-00005843 week the most recent performance in
z0BpN9neSCE-00024-00005844-00006106 accident emergency is not good enough
z0BpN9neSCE-00025-00006107-00006478 and I am very clear about the need for
z0BpN9neSCE-00026-00006479-00006719 improvement the most recent performance
z0BpN9neSCE-00027-00006720-00006977 of quota does reflect the very
z0BpN9neSCE-00028-00006978-00007234 significant pressure across Health and
z0BpN9neSCE-00029-00007236-00007595 Social care arising obviously from the
z0BpN9neSCE-00030-00007595-00007792 two-year pandemic but also from some
z0BpN9neSCE-00031-00007793-00007981 pre-existing factors the changing
z0BpN9neSCE-00032-00007981-00008303 demographics of our country for example
z0BpN9neSCE-00033-00008304-00008645 so there is a very sharp focus on doing
z0BpN9neSCE-00034-00008646-00008921 what requires to be done to improve that
z0BpN9neSCE-00035-00008922-00009131 performance so that takes me to the
z0BpN9neSCE-00036-00009132-00009335 specific question in addition to what
z0BpN9neSCE-00037-00009336-00009767 has been at 263 increase in accident and
z0BpN9neSCE-00038-00009768-00009928 emergency Consultants since this
z0BpN9neSCE-00039-00009929-00010223 government took office we are firstly
z0BpN9neSCE-00040-00010224-00010456 investing more to support further
z0BpN9neSCE-00041-00010457-00010696 recruitment to overseas recruitment
z0BpN9neSCE-00042-00010697-00011033 included and we're taking action through
z0BpN9neSCE-00043-00011034-00011231 the 50 million pounds origin and
z0BpN9neSCE-00044-00011232-00011519 unscheduled care collaborative that work
z0BpN9neSCE-00045-00011520-00011699 includes a range of different strands
z0BpN9neSCE-00046-00011700-00011921 offering alternatives to hospital where
z0BpN9neSCE-00047-00011922-00012142 that's appropriate such as hospital at
z0BpN9neSCE-00048-00012143-00012383 home directing people where appropriate
z0BpN9neSCE-00049-00012384-00012701 to better Urgent Care settings and
z0BpN9neSCE-00050-00012702-00012916 scheduling some urgent appointments to
z0BpN9neSCE-00051-00012917-00013169 avoid long waits in accident and
z0BpN9neSCE-00052-00013169-00013511 emergency the Chief Operating Officer of
z0BpN9neSCE-00053-00013512-00013786 the NHS also wrote to health boards this
z0BpN9neSCE-00054-00013787-00013991 week with five additional specific
z0BpN9neSCE-00055-00013991-00014255 actions that we are expecting Health
z0BpN9neSCE-00056-00014256-00014507 boards to take so we do expect to see
z0BpN9neSCE-00057-00014508-00014771 Improvement and we want to see that
z0BpN9neSCE-00058-00014772-00014927 Improvement starting to be visible
z0BpN9neSCE-00059-00014928-00015155 immediately final point I would make
z0BpN9neSCE-00060-00015156-00015413 presenting officer is for the sake of
z0BpN9neSCE-00061-00015413-00015580 those working so hard in our National
z0BpN9neSCE-00062-00015581-00015905 Health Service to put this into context
z0BpN9neSCE-00063-00015906-00016253 our NHS is facing at these significant
z0BpN9neSCE-00064-00016254-00016469 pressures but the NHS in every part of
z0BpN9neSCE-00065-00016470-00016741 the UK is doing so as well and while
z0BpN9neSCE-00066-00016742-00016955 performance needs to improve here in
z0BpN9neSCE-00067-00016956-00017105 Scotland our excellent emergency
z0BpN9neSCE-00068-00017106-00017369 departments are performing better than
z0BpN9neSCE-00069-00017370-00017608 those in England Wales and Northern
z0BpN9neSCE-00070-00017609-00017830 Ireland so for context because it is
z0BpN9neSCE-00071-00017831-00018130 important to put it in context if we
z0BpN9neSCE-00072-00018131-00018425 look at the last complete month at where
z0BpN9neSCE-00073-00018426-00018629 we have figures uh performance against
z0BpN9neSCE-00074-00018630-00018925 the food our Target in Scotland was 66.5
z0BpN9neSCE-00075-00018926-00019199 not good enough and it needs to improve
z0BpN9neSCE-00076-00019200-00019633 but that compares to 57 in England at
z0BpN9neSCE-00077-00019634-00020147 55.2 in Wales and 45.7 in Northern
z0BpN9neSCE-00078-00020148-00020327 Ireland so these pressures exist
z0BpN9neSCE-00079-00020328-00020585 everywhere this government is focused on
z0BpN9neSCE-00080-00020586-00020735 making sure we support those in our
z0BpN9neSCE-00081-00020736-00020927 Health Service to tackle them
z0BpN9neSCE-00082-00020928-00021427 don't control
z0BpN9neSCE-00083-00021428-00021653 contacts may be important for the first
z0BpN9neSCE-00084-00021654-00021863 Minister and her members behind her but
z0BpN9neSCE-00085-00021864-00022144 for people waiting hours and days for a
z0BpN9neSCE-00086-00022145-00022486 e treatment they are Hollow words
z0BpN9neSCE-00087-00022487-00022667 we are now more than a year into the
z0BpN9neSCE-00088-00022668-00022900 health secretary's recovery plan but the
z0BpN9neSCE-00089-00022901-00023086 situation is getting worse not better
z0BpN9neSCE-00090-00023087-00023285 the first Minister spoke about any
z0BpN9neSCE-00091-00023286-00023500 Consultants but here's what doctors on
z0BpN9neSCE-00092-00023501-00023753 the front line are saying the deputy
z0BpN9neSCE-00093-00023754-00024047 chair of BME Scotland said this week as
z0BpN9neSCE-00094-00024048-00024347 an a e doctor I often tell people that a
z0BpN9neSCE-00095-00024348-00024611 e is a safe space you can come here if
z0BpN9neSCE-00096-00024612-00024857 you're in pain if you're sore if you
z0BpN9neSCE-00097-00024858-00025013 don't know where to go
z0BpN9neSCE-00098-00025014-00025289 that Dr Peale continued our a e
z0BpN9neSCE-00099-00025290-00025558 departments are no longer safe and
z0BpN9neSCE-00100-00025559-00025727 what's really concerning is our
z0BpN9neSCE-00101-00025727-00025918 government just aren't acting and
z0BpN9neSCE-00102-00025919-00026206 they're turning a blind eye to this
z0BpN9neSCE-00103-00026207-00026417 a new information that we've uncovered
z0BpN9neSCE-00104-00026418-00026662 shows just how horrendous waiting times
z0BpN9neSCE-00105-00026663-00026914 are in Scottish hospitals just now
z0BpN9neSCE-00106-00026916-00027196 an FBI response has revealed that one
z0BpN9neSCE-00107-00027197-00027514 patient at a hospital in Ayrshire had to
z0BpN9neSCE-00108-00027516-00027940 eat 84 hours for treatment that's three
z0BpN9neSCE-00109-00027941-00028199 and a half days the equivalent of
z0BpN9neSCE-00110-00028200-00028451 turning up for emergency treatment right
z0BpN9neSCE-00111-00028452-00028774 now and not being seen until next week
z0BpN9neSCE-00112-00028775-00029081 in the early hours of Monday morning
z0BpN9neSCE-00113-00029082-00029333 first minister is that really what
z0BpN9neSCE-00114-00029333-00029524 anyone in Scotland should go through in
z0BpN9neSCE-00115-00029525-00029951 2022 first minister no and that that is
z0BpN9neSCE-00116-00029952-00030262 clearly a an unacceptable situation but
z0BpN9neSCE-00117-00030263-00030479 also an exceptional situation and I'm
z0BpN9neSCE-00118-00030480-00030617 certainly more than willing to look into
z0BpN9neSCE-00119-00030618-00030929 the particular circumstances around that
z0BpN9neSCE-00120-00030930-00031217 um I've been very clear uh firstly that
z0BpN9neSCE-00121-00031218-00031408 the current performances is not
z0BpN9neSCE-00122-00031410-00031529 acceptable
z0BpN9neSCE-00123-00031530-00031805 um I would note and do not shy away from
z0BpN9neSCE-00124-00031806-00032135 saying that secondly I've been very
z0BpN9neSCE-00125-00032136-00032381 clear about the action the government is
z0BpN9neSCE-00126-00032382-00032614 taking to support those on the front
z0BpN9neSCE-00127-00032616-00032795 line to ensure that there is much
z0BpN9neSCE-00128-00032796-00033124 speedier access to accident and
z0BpN9neSCE-00129-00033125-00033335 emergency and to Health Care Services
z0BpN9neSCE-00130-00033336-00033568 more generally
z0BpN9neSCE-00131-00033569-00033809 um and also to make the important
z0BpN9neSCE-00132-00033810-00034018 contextual points because this is part
z0BpN9neSCE-00133-00034019-00034295 of giving confidence to people that we
z0BpN9neSCE-00134-00034296-00034601 are taking action to address this so in
z0BpN9neSCE-00135-00034602-00034745 terms of performance against the
z0BpN9neSCE-00136-00034746-00035002 four-hour waiting time Target not good
z0BpN9neSCE-00137-00035003-00035309 enough but better than in counterpart
z0BpN9neSCE-00138-00035310-00035627 parts of the United Kingdom and again in
z0BpN9neSCE-00139-00035628-00035896 terms of at long Waits 12-hour weights
z0BpN9neSCE-00140-00035897-00036190 are 50 times more in England than they
z0BpN9neSCE-00141-00036191-00036515 are in Scotland at four times higher in
z0BpN9neSCE-00142-00036516-00036731 Wales than in Scotland that does not
z0BpN9neSCE-00143-00036732-00036911 mean that performance in Scotland is
z0BpN9neSCE-00144-00036912-00037168 good enough but Douglas Ross and others
z0BpN9neSCE-00145-00037169-00037402 often come to this chamber and somehow
z0BpN9neSCE-00146-00037403-00037661 pretend or suggest that these issues are
z0BpN9neSCE-00147-00037662-00037871 unique to Scotland they are not unique
z0BpN9neSCE-00148-00037872-00038099 to Scotland they are pressures that all
z0BpN9neSCE-00149-00038100-00038290 health services are facing and I am
z0BpN9neSCE-00150-00038291-00038537 setting out rightly the action we are
z0BpN9neSCE-00151-00038538-00038735 taking to support the Health Service in
z0BpN9neSCE-00152-00038736-00038909 tackling these so in terms of
z0BpN9neSCE-00153-00038910-00039215 recruitment in terms of investment in
z0BpN9neSCE-00154-00039216-00039449 terms of changing the pathways of care
z0BpN9neSCE-00155-00039450-00039652 to make sure that people not only get
z0BpN9neSCE-00156-00039653-00039935 speedier access but access the right
z0BpN9neSCE-00157-00039936-00040102 part of the health service at the right
z0BpN9neSCE-00158-00040103-00040402 time we are taking action across all of
z0BpN9neSCE-00159-00040403-00040630 these strands and will continue to to do
z0BpN9neSCE-00160-00040631-00040873 so total straws
z0BpN9neSCE-00161-00040874-00041117 unbelievably the first Minister just
z0BpN9neSCE-00162-00041118-00041362 said there that 84 hours is not good
z0BpN9neSCE-00163-00041363-00041579 enough but it's better than other parts
z0BpN9neSCE-00164-00041580-00041873 of the United Kingdom how how does that
z0BpN9neSCE-00165-00041874-00041999 person
z0BpN9neSCE-00166-00042000-00042215 who does the person who was waiting for
z0BpN9neSCE-00167-00042216-00042509 84 hours feel when they hear that their
z0BpN9neSCE-00168-00042510-00042737 friends and family and while that was
z0BpN9neSCE-00169-00042738-00043012 the most extreme example that we found
z0BpN9neSCE-00170-00043013-00043295 it's not the only time that someone has
z0BpN9neSCE-00171-00043296-00043643 waited four days at a e our foi
z0BpN9neSCE-00172-00043644-00043852 responses reveal that another patient
z0BpN9neSCE-00173-00043853-00044129 waited 79 hours earlier this year
z0BpN9neSCE-00174-00044130-00044551 another 66 hours and another 53 hours
z0BpN9neSCE-00175-00044552-00044795 there are thousands waiting each week
z0BpN9neSCE-00176-00044796-00044980 for longer than the government's Target
z0BpN9neSCE-00177-00044981-00045101 time
z0BpN9neSCE-00178-00045102-00045358 a constituent wrote to us about their
z0BpN9neSCE-00179-00045359-00045623 grandmother and this is what they said
z0BpN9neSCE-00180-00045624-00045827 my nana took a turn for the worst last
z0BpN9neSCE-00181-00045828-00046085 week and could not stop vomiting
z0BpN9neSCE-00182-00046086-00046307 due to her type 2 diabetes and blood
z0BpN9neSCE-00183-00046308-00046499 pressure this is a very serious
z0BpN9neSCE-00184-00046500-00046751 condition indeed she was admitted to
z0BpN9neSCE-00185-00046752-00047021 hospital after a lengthy wait and then
z0BpN9neSCE-00186-00047022-00047267 sent home this happened several times
z0BpN9neSCE-00187-00047268-00047471 over a number of days
z0BpN9neSCE-00188-00047472-00047758 finally she had to be rushed to a e and
z0BpN9neSCE-00189-00047759-00048011 her grandson told us this
z0BpN9neSCE-00190-00048012-00048383 what I was faced with was utter chaos I
z0BpN9neSCE-00191-00048384-00048640 felt so sorry for the doctors and the
z0BpN9neSCE-00192-00048641-00048917 nurses and helpers they were literally
z0BpN9neSCE-00193-00048918-00049205 at breaking point there were beds and
z0BpN9neSCE-00194-00049206-00049390 people everywhere
z0BpN9neSCE-00195-00049391-00049721 I wish I had taken a picture but the
z0BpN9neSCE-00196-00049722-00050027 image is etched in my memory forever
z0BpN9neSCE-00197-00050028-00050308 the beds were wall to wall and my nana
z0BpN9neSCE-00198-00050309-00050549 had to stay in her mobility chair as
z0BpN9neSCE-00199-00050550-00050795 there was nowhere for her to go
z0BpN9neSCE-00200-00050796-00050974 first Minister this can't go on any
z0BpN9neSCE-00201-00050975-00051143 longer and it certainly can't go on
z0BpN9neSCE-00202-00051144-00051388 through the winter so when will people
z0BpN9neSCE-00203-00051389-00051592 in Scotland get access to emergency
z0BpN9neSCE-00204-00051594-00051844 treatment that they deserve when they
z0BpN9neSCE-00205-00051845-00051958 need it
z0BpN9neSCE-00206-00051959-00052408 first Minister as I said earlier on we
z0BpN9neSCE-00207-00052409-00052721 expect to see and we are supporting what
z0BpN9neSCE-00208-00052722-00052900 it will take to deliver immediate
z0BpN9neSCE-00209-00052901-00053065 improvements in accident emergency
z0BpN9neSCE-00210-00053066-00053315 waiting times these are really serious
z0BpN9neSCE-00211-00053316-00053632 issues as the one the case at the
z0BpN9neSCE-00212-00053633-00053749 Douglas horse has narrated today
z0BpN9neSCE-00213-00053750-00054011 illustrates and I would not see
z0BpN9neSCE-00214-00054012-00054299 otherwise but it doesn't do anybody any
z0BpN9neSCE-00215-00054300-00054479 service at all to deliberate
z0BpN9neSCE-00216-00054479-00054694 deliberately twist and indeed
z0BpN9neSCE-00217-00054695-00054923 misrepresent what I said in my previous
z0BpN9neSCE-00218-00054924-00055192 answer I did not say and it's really
z0BpN9neSCE-00219-00055194-00055450 important to be clear here at the 84
z0BpN9neSCE-00220-00055451-00055619 hours was not good enough but better
z0BpN9neSCE-00221-00055620-00055871 than anywhere else in the UK I said our
z0BpN9neSCE-00222-00055872-00056087 four-hour performance was not good
z0BpN9neSCE-00223-00056088-00056266 enough but better than other parts of
z0BpN9neSCE-00224-00056267-00056519 the UK and I said that our longer wait
z0BpN9neSCE-00225-00056520-00056741 performance was too what I said about 84
z0BpN9neSCE-00226-00056741-00056932 hours was that that is clearly
z0BpN9neSCE-00227-00056933-00057244 unacceptable but cases like that are
z0BpN9neSCE-00228-00057245-00057479 also exceptional and it's important that
z0BpN9neSCE-00229-00057479-00057742 work cases like that do occur at their
z0BpN9neSCE-00230-00057744-00058037 properly looked into in terms of of our
z0BpN9neSCE-00231-00058038-00058271 performance against the 12 hour Target
z0BpN9neSCE-00232-00058272-00058529 and in the most recent week very
z0BpN9neSCE-00233-00058529-00058685 challenging the lowest four-hour
z0BpN9neSCE-00234-00058686-00058882 performance on record and it's important
z0BpN9neSCE-00235-00058883-00059159 to be clear about that but more than 9
z0BpN9neSCE-00236-00059160-00059500 out of 10 95.4 percent of patients were
z0BpN9neSCE-00237-00059501-00059765 seen within that 12-hour Target so
z0BpN9neSCE-00238-00059766-00059944 clearly exceptional cases shouldn't
z0BpN9neSCE-00239-00059945-00060149 happen and when they do lessons should
z0BpN9neSCE-00240-00060150-00060388 be learned but it is important not to
z0BpN9neSCE-00241-00060389-00060629 misrepresent the situation or to
z0BpN9neSCE-00242-00060629-00060923 misrepresent what I said in terms of the
z0BpN9neSCE-00243-00060924-00061132 action we have taken because that is
z0BpN9neSCE-00244-00061133-00061492 what obviously matters I have referred
z0BpN9neSCE-00245-00061494-00061750 to support for Recruitment and it is
z0BpN9neSCE-00246-00061751-00062003 important to point out to the 263
z0BpN9neSCE-00247-00062004-00062338 increase in a e Consultants we're also
z0BpN9neSCE-00248-00062339-00062579 investing 11 million pounds to support
z0BpN9neSCE-00249-00062579-00062830 further domestic and international
z0BpN9neSCE-00250-00062832-00062987 Recruitment and of course International
z0BpN9neSCE-00251-00062988-00063185 recruitment has been made significantly
z0BpN9neSCE-00252-00063186-00063454 harder because of brexit and I'll just
z0BpN9neSCE-00253-00063455-00063749 put that on record it also includes a
z0BpN9neSCE-00254-00063750-00064000 thousand Healthcare support workers that
z0BpN9neSCE-00255-00064001-00064361 were brought in over at last winter and
z0BpN9neSCE-00256-00064362-00064565 the 50 million pounds investment that
z0BpN9neSCE-00257-00064566-00064811 I've already referenced looking at
z0BpN9neSCE-00258-00064812-00065015 alternatives to accident emergency where
z0BpN9neSCE-00259-00065016-00065176 that is more appropriate for patients so
z0BpN9neSCE-00260-00065177-00065453 we'll continue to focus on improving
z0BpN9neSCE-00261-00065454-00065705 this performance and to end this answer
z0BpN9neSCE-00262-00065706-00065999 where I started we do expect to see the
z0BpN9neSCE-00263-00066000-00066232 performance improve immediately
z0BpN9neSCE-00264-00066233-00066479 toggle shops we've been told this before
z0BpN9neSCE-00265-00066480-00066629 there's going to be immediate
z0BpN9neSCE-00266-00066630-00066803 improvements and then people are waiting
z0BpN9neSCE-00267-00066804-00067223 84 79 66 59 hours and and the first
z0BpN9neSCE-00268-00067224-00067432 Minister says these are exceptional
z0BpN9neSCE-00269-00067433-00067655 cases so let me give her another one
z0BpN9neSCE-00270-00067656-00067913 because there are just so many we spoke
z0BpN9neSCE-00271-00067914-00068075 to another patient who attended
z0BpN9neSCE-00272-00068076-00068237 monklin's Hospital
z0BpN9neSCE-00273-00068238-00068531 she was stuck at ene again and again and
z0BpN9neSCE-00274-00068532-00068861 again waiting for emergency treatment
z0BpN9neSCE-00275-00068862-00069179 she went to a e with severe abdominal
z0BpN9neSCE-00276-00069180-00069563 pains she was left waiting vomiting in
z0BpN9neSCE-00277-00069564-00069856 extreme pain for nine hours
z0BpN9neSCE-00278-00069857-00070055 she was told come back the next day at
z0BpN9neSCE-00279-00070056-00070397 9am this time she waited a further six
z0BpN9neSCE-00280-00070398-00070511 hours
z0BpN9neSCE-00281-00070512-00070709 two days later her condition had
z0BpN9neSCE-00282-00070710-00070949 worsened to the point that her GP told
z0BpN9neSCE-00283-00070950-00071153 her to go back to a e for Urgent
z0BpN9neSCE-00284-00071154-00071441 Treatment on this occasion she again
z0BpN9neSCE-00285-00071442-00071644 waited nine hours
z0BpN9neSCE-00286-00071645-00071993 that's a total of 24 hours waiting for
z0BpN9neSCE-00287-00071994-00072241 emergency treatment in just four days
z0BpN9neSCE-00288-00072242-00072538 all in extreme pain
z0BpN9neSCE-00289-00072539-00072785 so she wants to ask one simple question
z0BpN9neSCE-00290-00072786-00072959 to the first minister
z0BpN9neSCE-00291-00072960-00073241 how can you allow this to continue first
z0BpN9neSCE-00292-00073242-00073613 Minister we're not allowing this to
z0BpN9neSCE-00293-00073614-00073888 continue we are recognizing the
z0BpN9neSCE-00294-00073889-00074044 significant pressures on our National
z0BpN9neSCE-00295-00074045-00074273 Health Service and let me say an
z0BpN9neSCE-00296-00074274-00074459 experience that that is completely
z0BpN9neSCE-00297-00074460-00074723 unacceptable but there are significant
z0BpN9neSCE-00298-00074724-00074855 pressures on our National Health Service
z0BpN9neSCE-00299-00074856-00075131 and significant action being taken to
z0BpN9neSCE-00300-00075132-00075305 address those pressures and we will
z0BpN9neSCE-00301-00075306-00075544 continue to take those steps around
z0BpN9neSCE-00302-00075545-00075826 recruitment investment and redesigning
z0BpN9neSCE-00303-00075827-00076067 Pathways of care I don't know whether it
z0BpN9neSCE-00304-00076068-00076265 is the case um in the particular
z0BpN9neSCE-00305-00076266-00076475 instance that Douglas Rose Has it just
z0BpN9neSCE-00306-00076476-00076625 narrated but there will be many people
z0BpN9neSCE-00307-00076626-00076794 who end up in accident in emergency
z0BpN9neSCE-00308-00076795-00077044 departments who would be better seen and
z0BpN9neSCE-00309-00077045-00077212 treated in other parts of our national
z0BpN9neSCE-00310-00077213-00077497 Health Service and
z0BpN9neSCE-00311-00077498-00077735 that's why I said I didn't know if that
z0BpN9neSCE-00312-00077736-00077921 was the case in that particular instance
z0BpN9neSCE-00313-00077922-00078112 but there are many people who would be
z0BpN9neSCE-00314-00078113-00078317 better treated in other ways that's why
z0BpN9neSCE-00315-00078318-00078629 we are investing in hospital at home in
z0BpN9neSCE-00316-00078630-00078893 different Urgent Care settings
z0BpN9neSCE-00317-00078894-00079115 um and in scheduling urgent appointments
z0BpN9neSCE-00318-00079116-00079306 in a e so that people don't have to have
z0BpN9neSCE-00319-00079307-00079643 long Waits this work does take time at
z0BpN9neSCE-00320-00079644-00079925 this work it requires that investment in
z0BpN9neSCE-00321-00079926-00080147 recruitment that I have spoken about but
z0BpN9neSCE-00322-00080148-00080285 that is why the health secretary and the
z0BpN9neSCE-00323-00080286-00080459 government is focused on making sure we
z0BpN9neSCE-00324-00080460-00080632 do it and support those at the front
z0BpN9neSCE-00325-00080633-00080788 line of our Health Service as they
z0BpN9neSCE-00326-00080789-00080969 support patients who need treatment on
z0BpN9neSCE-00327-00080970-00081131 the National Health Service
z0BpN9neSCE-00328-00081132-00081335 thank you question number two Anna
z0BpN9neSCE-00329-00081336-00081538 sarwar thank you joining officer on the
z0BpN9neSCE-00330-00081539-00081826 25th of August 2021 the first Minister
z0BpN9neSCE-00331-00081827-00082109 announced her NHS catch-up plan can she
z0BpN9neSCE-00332-00082110-00082288 tell the chamber how many people were on
z0BpN9neSCE-00333-00082289-00082619 NHS waiting list then and 13 months on
z0BpN9neSCE-00334-00082620-00082891 how many are on NHS waiting list now
z0BpN9neSCE-00335-00082892-00083129 Westminster waiting list and waiting
z0BpN9neSCE-00336-00083130-00083315 times have increases and the figures are
z0BpN9neSCE-00337-00083316-00083471 published so they are there for people
z0BpN9neSCE-00338-00083472-00083753 to see and I'm sure Anna sarwar will
z0BpN9neSCE-00339-00083754-00084011 quote the publish figures at me of
z0BpN9neSCE-00340-00084012-00084209 course since then we have also had
z0BpN9neSCE-00341-00084210-00084532 further waves of covet the pressure on
z0BpN9neSCE-00342-00084533-00084719 our National Health Service here and in
z0BpN9neSCE-00343-00084720-00085012 other parts of the country continues but
z0BpN9neSCE-00344-00085013-00085241 we are focused through the recovery plan
z0BpN9neSCE-00345-00085242-00085511 on treating the most urgent patients and
z0BpN9neSCE-00346-00085512-00085775 of course treating the longest weeks and
z0BpN9neSCE-00347-00085776-00086003 just this morning information has been
z0BpN9neSCE-00348-00086004-00086231 published about performance against the
z0BpN9neSCE-00349-00086232-00086453 the target to eradicate in most
z0BpN9neSCE-00350-00086454-00086681 Specialties at those waiting two years
z0BpN9neSCE-00351-00086682-00086944 or more so we are seeing progress but
z0BpN9neSCE-00352-00086945-00087106 this is an extremely challenging time
z0BpN9neSCE-00353-00087107-00087293 for the National Health Service which is
z0BpN9neSCE-00354-00087294-00087425 why it's so important that we continue
z0BpN9neSCE-00355-00087426-00087611 to focus on the investment and the
z0BpN9neSCE-00356-00087612-00087799 action that we are taking
z0BpN9neSCE-00357-00087800-00088043 catch up surely means waiting lists come
z0BpN9neSCE-00358-00088044-00088432 down rather than go up and 603 000 was
z0BpN9neSCE-00359-00088433-00088762 the number waiting in August 2021 and
z0BpN9neSCE-00360-00088763-00089153 nearly 750 000 people are on one now 14
z0BpN9neSCE-00361-00089154-00089435 months on after a so-called catch-up
z0BpN9neSCE-00362-00089436-00089585 plan and the first Ministry stopped
z0BpN9neSCE-00363-00089586-00089812 pretending this is all down to covert
z0BpN9neSCE-00364-00089813-00090053 when the SMP came to power there were
z0BpN9neSCE-00365-00090054-00090311 260 000 people on NHS waiting lists
z0BpN9neSCE-00366-00090312-00090623 immediately before covid there were 420
z0BpN9neSCE-00367-00090624-00090881 000 people on NHS waiting lists now it's
z0BpN9neSCE-00368-00090882-00091061 three quarters of a million people
z0BpN9neSCE-00369-00091062-00091391 that's now one in seven Scots on an NHS
z0BpN9neSCE-00370-00091392-00091625 waiting list and this has consequences
z0BpN9neSCE-00371-00091626-00091943 listen to the staff Dr Laila peel from
z0BpN9neSCE-00372-00091944-00092182 the BMA said this week that patients are
z0BpN9neSCE-00373-00092183-00092381 now presenting a e because of
z0BpN9neSCE-00374-00092382-00092555 complications developed while waiting
z0BpN9neSCE-00375-00092556-00092831 for treatment and scans week after week
z0BpN9neSCE-00376-00092832-00093017 this government has been breaking
z0BpN9neSCE-00377-00093018-00093262 records for the worst any waiting times
z0BpN9neSCE-00378-00093263-00093491 ever so first Minister can you tell us
z0BpN9neSCE-00379-00093492-00093659 how many people have waited over 12
z0BpN9neSCE-00380-00093660-00093862 hours for a e treatment since you
z0BpN9neSCE-00381-00093863-00094073 launched your so-called NHS recovery
z0BpN9neSCE-00382-00094074-00094373 plan first Minister I've
z0BpN9neSCE-00383-00094374-00094600 obviously just covered the situation in
z0BpN9neSCE-00384-00094601-00094900 accident emergency those waiting over at
z0BpN9neSCE-00385-00094901-00095261 12 hours has increased but more than 95
z0BpN9neSCE-00386-00095262-00095482 percent of patients and are seen an
z0BpN9neSCE-00387-00095483-00095765 accident in emergency within 12 hours of
z0BpN9neSCE-00388-00095766-00095921 course the target we want to meet in
z0BpN9neSCE-00389-00095922-00096103 accident emergency is the four-hour
z0BpN9neSCE-00390-00096104-00096371 waiting time Target
z0BpN9neSCE-00391-00096372-00096617 um in terms of waiting times more
z0BpN9neSCE-00392-00096618-00096888 generally yes waiting times have been
z0BpN9neSCE-00393-00096889-00097175 increasing there has been a two-year
z0BpN9neSCE-00394-00097176-00097456 pandemic that has had a significant
z0BpN9neSCE-00395-00097457-00097679 impact on waiting times in our National
z0BpN9neSCE-00396-00097680-00097906 Health Service but as I said I think in
z0BpN9neSCE-00397-00097907-00098105 response to a question earlier on of
z0BpN9neSCE-00398-00098106-00098303 course there are other factors that were
z0BpN9neSCE-00399-00098304-00098488 pre-existing the changing demographics
z0BpN9neSCE-00400-00098489-00098741 of the country being at one of those
z0BpN9neSCE-00401-00098742-00099059 over the last two months there has been
z0BpN9neSCE-00402-00099060-00099329 a focus on treating the longest weight
z0BpN9neSCE-00403-00099330-00099532 the longest weights in our National
z0BpN9neSCE-00404-00099533-00099694 Health Service and the figures it
z0BpN9neSCE-00405-00099695-00099965 published Today Show the progress in
z0BpN9neSCE-00406-00099966-00100265 that we're also seeing an increase in
z0BpN9neSCE-00407-00100266-00100529 the number of inpatient patient and DK's
z0BpN9neSCE-00408-00100530-00100709 patients who have been seen so in the
z0BpN9neSCE-00409-00100710-00101074 most recent quarter a 7.6 increase in
z0BpN9neSCE-00410-00101075-00101291 those seen which demonstrates the
z0BpN9neSCE-00411-00101292-00101579 recovery of the NHS from covert so these
z0BpN9neSCE-00412-00101580-00101759 are our difficult challenges that is
z0BpN9neSCE-00413-00101760-00101950 absolutely no getting away from that
z0BpN9neSCE-00414-00101951-00102106 almost every country certainly every
z0BpN9neSCE-00415-00102107-00102244 country in the UK and most countries
z0BpN9neSCE-00416-00102245-00102449 across the world are grappling with
z0BpN9neSCE-00417-00102450-00102760 these challenges but the investment that
z0BpN9neSCE-00418-00102761-00102886 we see in our National Health Service
z0BpN9neSCE-00419-00102888-00103049 and the steps that we are taking to
z0BpN9neSCE-00420-00103050-00103354 redesign care are what need to continue
z0BpN9neSCE-00421-00103355-00103703 and lastly we do listen to staff the
z0BpN9neSCE-00422-00103704-00103882 health secretary meets out with staff
z0BpN9neSCE-00423-00103883-00104008 and with unions and professional
z0BpN9neSCE-00424-00104009-00104254 organizations on a regular basis and of
z0BpN9neSCE-00425-00104255-00104399 course there are many more staff working
z0BpN9neSCE-00426-00104400-00104603 in our National Health Service Today
z0BpN9neSCE-00427-00104604-00104813 Than was the case when this government
z0BpN9neSCE-00428-00104814-00105034 took office I think more than 20 000
z0BpN9neSCE-00429-00105035-00105263 additional staff have been recruited in
z0BpN9neSCE-00430-00105264-00105581 that period and a server it may listen
z0BpN9neSCE-00431-00105582-00105736 to staff he's not hearing what the staff
z0BpN9neSCE-00432-00105738-00105863 are telling him and taking the necessary
z0BpN9neSCE-00433-00105864-00106049 action to help people across the country
z0BpN9neSCE-00434-00106050-00106289 in terms of the actual question I asked
z0BpN9neSCE-00435-00106290-00106493 the first Minister the answer she was
z0BpN9neSCE-00436-00106494-00106710 looking for is 38
z0BpN9neSCE-00437-00106711-00107002 255 people have waited more than 12
z0BpN9neSCE-00438-00107003-00107273 hours in any Center recovery plan was
z0BpN9neSCE-00439-00107274-00107539 published 38
z0BpN9neSCE-00440-00107540-00107908 255 and frankly people are sick of the
z0BpN9neSCE-00441-00107909-00108154 same old excuses and this SMP government
z0BpN9neSCE-00442-00108155-00108395 always looking for someone else or
z0BpN9neSCE-00443-00108396-00108652 something else to blame across Scotland
z0BpN9neSCE-00444-00108653-00108821 people are getting the same inadequate
z0BpN9neSCE-00445-00108822-00109139 answer from this government wait wait in
z0BpN9neSCE-00446-00109140-00109354 fear for a cancer diagnosis we're in
z0BpN9neSCE-00447-00109355-00109534 pain for a hip replacement wait for
z0BpN9neSCE-00448-00109535-00109786 hours in an ambulance outside a e wait
z0BpN9neSCE-00449-00109788-00109949 anxiously for their child to get mental
z0BpN9neSCE-00450-00109950-00110116 health treatment and today we discover
z0BpN9neSCE-00451-00110117-00110351 the life expectancy has dropped again
z0BpN9neSCE-00452-00110352-00110578 for a second you're running all under
z0BpN9neSCE-00453-00110579-00110897 Nicola sturgeon's watch after 15 years
z0BpN9neSCE-00454-00110898-00111190 in power after 15 years of running our
z0BpN9neSCE-00455-00111191-00111431 NHS how long will the people of Scotland
z0BpN9neSCE-00456-00111432-00111640 have to wait for you and your health
z0BpN9neSCE-00457-00111641-00112013 secretary to do your job
z0BpN9neSCE-00458-00112014-00112258 through the chair Please Mr sarwar first
z0BpN9neSCE-00459-00112259-00112523 Minister and we'll continue to do our
z0BpN9neSCE-00460-00112524-00112733 jobs and ultimately as it always has
z0BpN9neSCE-00461-00112733-00112889 been it is for the people of Scotland to
z0BpN9neSCE-00462-00112890-00113065 decide whether they want us to continue
z0BpN9neSCE-00463-00113066-00113458 to do our jobs a two-year pandemic for
z0BpN9neSCE-00464-00113459-00113693 Scotland for every country has presented
z0BpN9neSCE-00465-00113694-00113939 a real and very significant challenges
z0BpN9neSCE-00466-00113940-00114197 and every day we seek to address these
z0BpN9neSCE-00467-00114198-00114334 challenges and support those in the
z0BpN9neSCE-00468-00114335-00114515 front line who are doing that we will
z0BpN9neSCE-00469-00114516-00114707 continue to do that in our NHS we will
z0BpN9neSCE-00470-00114708-00114995 continue to take it the action albeit in
z0BpN9neSCE-00471-00114996-00115175 this regard with one hand tied behind
z0BpN9neSCE-00472-00115176-00115433 our back to tackle poverty in Scotland
z0BpN9neSCE-00473-00115433-00115769 to have a positive impact on things like
z0BpN9neSCE-00474-00115770-00116057 life thank you thank you
z0BpN9neSCE-00475-00116058-00116266 thank you unfortunately labor still
z0BpN9neSCE-00476-00116267-00116465 wants us to have one hand tied behind
z0BpN9neSCE-00477-00116466-00117221 our back on these issues
z0BpN9neSCE-00478-00117222-00117454 full responsibility for performance
z0BpN9neSCE-00479-00117455-00117658 across all of these things in Scotland
z0BpN9neSCE-00480-00117659-00118054 come back to the reality in Scotland in
z0BpN9neSCE-00481-00118055-00118204 terms of the National Health Service
z0BpN9neSCE-00482-00118205-00118421 that whatever the challenges we face
z0BpN9neSCE-00483-00118422-00118613 thanks to the dedication of those
z0BpN9neSCE-00484-00118614-00118786 working in our National Health Service
z0BpN9neSCE-00485-00118788-00119123 it is performing better than its
z0BpN9neSCE-00486-00119124-00119254 counterpart in England where the
z0BpN9neSCE-00487-00119255-00119447 conservatives are in power and better
z0BpN9neSCE-00488-00119448-00119621 than its counterpart in Wales where
z0BpN9neSCE-00489-00119622-00119849 labor are currently in government so
z0BpN9neSCE-00490-00119850-00120065 we'll continue to address these
z0BpN9neSCE-00491-00120066-00120221 challenges we'll continue to take the
z0BpN9neSCE-00492-00120222-00120484 steps necessary to do so and we'll
z0BpN9neSCE-00493-00120485-00120736 continue to ask the Scottish people to
z0BpN9neSCE-00494-00120738-00121078 put their trust in us to do exactly that
z0BpN9neSCE-00495-00121079-00121336 no move to constituency and general
z0BpN9neSCE-00496-00121338-00121649 supplementaries and I call Bill Kidd
z0BpN9neSCE-00497-00121650-00121943 thank you very much president officer
z0BpN9neSCE-00498-00121944-00122171 um September is blood cancer awareness
z0BpN9neSCE-00499-00122172-00122351 week which provides an opportunity to
z0BpN9neSCE-00500-00122352-00122519 increase awareness of the importance of
z0BpN9neSCE-00501-00122520-00122683 new people joining the Anthony
z0BpN9neSCE-00502-00122683-00123052 stem cell register simple Act of a swab
z0BpN9neSCE-00503-00123053-00123227 test could lead to the selfless Act of
z0BpN9neSCE-00504-00123228-00123436 saving a life well the first Minister
z0BpN9neSCE-00505-00123438-00123689 joined me in encouraging young people
z0BpN9neSCE-00506-00123690-00124001 aged 16 to 30 especially young men from
z0BpN9neSCE-00507-00124002-00124234 ethnic minority backgrounds to consider
z0BpN9neSCE-00508-00124235-00124481 joining the stem cell register and thank
z0BpN9neSCE-00509-00124482-00124684 Anthony Nolan and the Scottish fire and
z0BpN9neSCE-00510-00124685-00124871 rescue service for their continued
z0BpN9neSCE-00511-00124872-00125104 efforts in raising this issue in schools
z0BpN9neSCE-00512-00125105-00125428 up and down the country first minister
z0BpN9neSCE-00513-00125429-00125927 yes I'm very happy to do so and I'm
z0BpN9neSCE-00514-00125928-00126136 grateful to Bill Kidd for raising this
z0BpN9neSCE-00515-00126138-00126328 important issue I will join him in
z0BpN9neSCE-00516-00126329-00126545 encouraging all those eligible to
z0BpN9neSCE-00517-00126546-00126754 consider joining the stem sale register
z0BpN9neSCE-00518-00126755-00127001 and Anthony Nolan research has shown
z0BpN9neSCE-00519-00127002-00127199 that the younger the donor the better
z0BpN9neSCE-00520-00127200-00127493 the patient's chance of survival and has
z0BpN9neSCE-00521-00127494-00127690 has been pointed out those between age
z0BpN9neSCE-00522-00127691-00128023 16 to 30 can join the stem cell register
z0BpN9neSCE-00523-00128024-00128333 and additionally I would like to
z0BpN9neSCE-00524-00128333-00128489 acknowledge and indeed thank the
z0BpN9neSCE-00525-00128490-00128627 Scottish Fire and Rescue Services
z0BpN9neSCE-00526-00128628-00128890 13-year partnership with Antonio and for
z0BpN9neSCE-00527-00128891-00129047 their continued hard work in raising
z0BpN9neSCE-00528-00129048-00129304 awareness around this issue Alexander
z0BpN9neSCE-00529-00129305-00129425 Stewart
z0BpN9neSCE-00530-00129426-00129599 thank you presiding officer first
z0BpN9neSCE-00531-00129600-00129790 Minister a recent report by public
z0BpN9neSCE-00532-00129791-00130019 health Scotland has found that suicide
z0BpN9neSCE-00533-00130020-00130240 amongst young Scots to be the leading
z0BpN9neSCE-00534-00130241-00130397 cause of death
z0BpN9neSCE-00535-00130398-00130636 ministers have described every suicide
z0BpN9neSCE-00536-00130638-00130919 as being a tragedy and that suicide
z0BpN9neSCE-00537-00130920-00131195 prevention is the key priority for the
z0BpN9neSCE-00538-00131196-00131411 Scottish government therefore first
z0BpN9neSCE-00539-00131412-00131716 Minister given that priority what action
z0BpN9neSCE-00540-00131717-00131987 is being taken to put in place to ensure
z0BpN9neSCE-00541-00131988-00132263 youngsters affected by Suicide get the
z0BpN9neSCE-00542-00132264-00132478 access they require to reduce this
z0BpN9neSCE-00543-00132479-00132781 appalling situation first Minister
z0BpN9neSCE-00544-00132782-00133181 every suicide is a tragedy and obviously
z0BpN9neSCE-00545-00133182-00133469 we want to take and support steps to
z0BpN9neSCE-00546-00133470-00133678 reduce the number of suicides in
z0BpN9neSCE-00547-00133679-00134009 Scotland I would say though that not
z0BpN9neSCE-00548-00134010-00134159 trying to take anything away from the
z0BpN9neSCE-00549-00134160-00134278 very important issue that has been
z0BpN9neSCE-00550-00134279-00134519 raised thankfully the number of suicide
z0BpN9neSCE-00551-00134520-00134735 deaths by young people has decreased
z0BpN9neSCE-00552-00134736-00134987 over the past two years at the public
z0BpN9neSCE-00553-00134988-00135209 health Scotland report earlier this week
z0BpN9neSCE-00554-00135210-00135569 tells us that the average rate from 2011
z0BpN9neSCE-00555-00135570-00135935 to 2020 and amongst the under-24s it was
z0BpN9neSCE-00556-00135936-00136187 lower than the rate amongst those age 25
z0BpN9neSCE-00557-00136188-00136552 and over but it is still way too high so
z0BpN9neSCE-00558-00136553-00136757 our new Suicide Prevention youth
z0BpN9neSCE-00559-00136758-00136931 Advisory Group will help shape the
z0BpN9neSCE-00560-00136932-00137135 approach to Suicide Prevention for
z0BpN9neSCE-00561-00137136-00137333 children and young people here of course
z0BpN9neSCE-00562-00137334-00137561 the wider work around mental health
z0BpN9neSCE-00563-00137562-00137759 support for young people is important as
z0BpN9neSCE-00564-00137760-00138028 well and encouraging those to access
z0BpN9neSCE-00565-00138029-00138245 support earlier rather than later in
z0BpN9neSCE-00566-00138246-00138413 making sure the services are there for
z0BpN9neSCE-00567-00138414-00138563 them when they do
z0BpN9neSCE-00568-00138564-00138761 Carol moken
z0BpN9neSCE-00569-00138762-00139061 thank you presiding officer recent ucas
z0BpN9neSCE-00570-00139062-00139307 figures shockingly highlight a shortfall
z0BpN9neSCE-00571-00139308-00139540 of almost a thousand in the actual
z0BpN9neSCE-00572-00139541-00139745 number of students currently accepted
z0BpN9neSCE-00573-00139746-00140009 into nursing and Midwifery courses in
z0BpN9neSCE-00574-00140010-00140207 Scotland compared to the government's
z0BpN9neSCE-00575-00140208-00140669 own recommended intake for 2022-23 I saw
z0BpN9neSCE-00576-00140670-00140866 firsthand last week in my south of
z0BpN9neSCE-00577-00140867-00141083 Scotland region the impact shortages
z0BpN9neSCE-00578-00141084-00141311 they're having on our Ayrshire hospitals
z0BpN9neSCE-00579-00141312-00141569 and the well-being of the staff what we
z0BpN9neSCE-00580-00141570-00141773 need is a clear plan for making nursing
z0BpN9neSCE-00581-00141774-00142001 and Midwifery an appealing career for
z0BpN9neSCE-00582-00142002-00142204 young people to address the figures the
z0BpN9neSCE-00583-00142205-00142499 RCN describe as extremely worrying for
z0BpN9neSCE-00584-00142500-00142721 nursing so I asked the first Minister
z0BpN9neSCE-00585-00142722-00142997 today when will her government stop
z0BpN9neSCE-00586-00142998-00143254 patting itself in the back realize the
z0BpN9neSCE-00587-00143255-00143513 scale of this recruitment problem and
z0BpN9neSCE-00588-00143514-00143861 outline detailed action it will take to
z0BpN9neSCE-00589-00143862-00144028 address this problem
z0BpN9neSCE-00590-00144029-00144299 first Minister again in addressing an
z0BpN9neSCE-00591-00144300-00144461 important issue I think it's important
z0BpN9neSCE-00592-00144462-00144616 that it is not misrepresented and I know
z0BpN9neSCE-00593-00144617-00144778 the member wouldn't want to do that so
z0BpN9neSCE-00594-00144779-00145043 let me address in some detail the issue
z0BpN9neSCE-00595-00145044-00145354 of nurse and Midwifery student numbers
z0BpN9neSCE-00596-00145355-00145716 the target intake for this year is
z0BpN9neSCE-00597-00145717-00146002 4837 so far and I stressed so far and
z0BpN9neSCE-00598-00146003-00146225 I'll come back to that point there have
z0BpN9neSCE-00599-00146226-00146316 been
z0BpN9neSCE-00600-00146317-00146681 3850 students accepted onto nursing
z0BpN9neSCE-00601-00146682-00147113 courses and 280 onto Midwifery courses
z0BpN9neSCE-00602-00147114-00147454 so that's 4120 so it's not a shortfall I
z0BpN9neSCE-00603-00147455-00147575 don't think it's a shortfall at all for
z0BpN9neSCE-00604-00147576-00147827 a reason I'll come on to but there are
z0BpN9neSCE-00605-00147828-00148157 700 around 700 places yet to be filled
z0BpN9neSCE-00606-00148158-00148414 at not a thousand but the reason I say
z0BpN9neSCE-00607-00148415-00148625 so far is because this is a clearing
z0BpN9neSCE-00608-00148626-00148949 process that has not yet completed it is
z0BpN9neSCE-00609-00148950-00149195 still underway and final numbers it
z0BpN9neSCE-00610-00149196-00149404 won't be known until the end of the
z0BpN9neSCE-00611-00149405-00149831 cycle in December but even so compared
z0BpN9neSCE-00612-00149832-00150221 to 2019 at the figure others so far are
z0BpN9neSCE-00613-00150222-00150473 five percent up in terms of acceptances
z0BpN9neSCE-00614-00150474-00150766 for nursing places and seven percent up
z0BpN9neSCE-00615-00150767-00150995 in terms of Midwifery places and again
z0BpN9neSCE-00616-00150996-00151216 for context because I think context is
z0BpN9neSCE-00617-00151217-00151402 also important the number of Nursing
z0BpN9neSCE-00618-00151403-00151607 acceptances in Wales over the same
z0BpN9neSCE-00619-00151608-00151897 period is down by 17
z0BpN9neSCE-00620-00151898-00152399 so this cycle is not yet complete but I
z0BpN9neSCE-00621-00152400-00152602 think there is much to be encouraged
z0BpN9neSCE-00622-00152603-00152831 about and perhaps thank you leading
z0BpN9neSCE-00623-00152832-00153028 officer thank you
z0BpN9neSCE-00624-00153029-00153251 perhaps presiding officer one of the
z0BpN9neSCE-00625-00153252-00153473 reasons is that we have increased the
z0BpN9neSCE-00626-00153474-00153761 nursing and Midwifery student bursary to
z0BpN9neSCE-00627-00153762-00153863 10
z0BpN9neSCE-00628-00153864-00154114 000 pounds that's higher than it is
z0BpN9neSCE-00629-00154115-00154559 anywhere else in the UK and we also have
z0BpN9neSCE-00630-00154560-00154811 more qualified nurses and midwives for
z0BpN9neSCE-00631-00154812-00155021 header population than any other part of
z0BpN9neSCE-00632-00155022-00155357 the UK as well so challenges yes but
z0BpN9neSCE-00633-00155358-00155614 clearly and this has just been evidenced
z0BpN9neSCE-00634-00155615-00155807 action being taken to address those
z0BpN9neSCE-00635-00155808-00155939 challenges
z0BpN9neSCE-00636-00155940-00156069 Aleister Allen
z0BpN9neSCE-00637-00156070-00156281 [Applause]
z0BpN9neSCE-00638-00156282-00156552 Aleister Allen
z0BpN9neSCE-00639-00156553-00156790 the tourists seem to have considered
z0BpN9neSCE-00640-00156791-00156995 that a trade deal with the USA was yet
z0BpN9neSCE-00641-00156996-00157187 another effort to delude themselves and
z0BpN9neSCE-00642-00157188-00157366 deceive others on the merits of brexit
z0BpN9neSCE-00643-00157367-00157571 meanwhile former Scotland food and drink
z0BpN9neSCE-00644-00157572-00157793 chief executive James Withers recently
z0BpN9neSCE-00645-00157794-00158014 stated that the UK is suffering from an
z0BpN9neSCE-00646-00158015-00158249 ongoing malaise this is long brexit and
z0BpN9neSCE-00647-00158250-00158404 we're all living with it there's the
z0BpN9neSCE-00648-00158405-00158566 first Minister support this View and
z0BpN9neSCE-00649-00158567-00158723 agree that the normal the
z0BpN9neSCE-00650-00158724-00158909 renormalization of relations with her
z0BpN9neSCE-00651-00158910-00159131 European friends is the only way to
z0BpN9neSCE-00652-00159132-00159323 ensure that Scotland's world-class food
z0BpN9neSCE-00653-00159324-00159497 and drink industry does not continue to
z0BpN9neSCE-00654-00159498-00159857 be hamstrung by a UK mismanagement first
z0BpN9neSCE-00655-00159858-00160121 Minister and there's no doubt at all
z0BpN9neSCE-00656-00160122-00160301 that the food and drink sector in
z0BpN9neSCE-00657-00160302-00160535 Scotland indeed across the UK has borne
z0BpN9neSCE-00658-00160536-00160745 the brunt of the hard breaks it pursued
z0BpN9neSCE-00659-00160746-00161009 by the UK touri government particularly
z0BpN9neSCE-00660-00161010-00161195 through the loss of free trade and free
z0BpN9neSCE-00661-00161196-00161404 movement of people we know that
z0BpN9neSCE-00662-00161405-00161633 Scotland's food exports to the EU in
z0BpN9neSCE-00663-00161634-00161975 2021 were down by 70 million pounds
z0BpN9neSCE-00664-00161976-00162293 compared to 20 at 19 and that is clearly
z0BpN9neSCE-00665-00162294-00162557 down to the Reckless brexit that the UK
z0BpN9neSCE-00666-00162558-00162881 government has pursued so given that
z0BpN9neSCE-00667-00162882-00163090 they've had to admit this week that
z0BpN9neSCE-00668-00163091-00163283 there's no trade deal with the United
z0BpN9neSCE-00669-00163284-00163552 States on the horizon I think the least
z0BpN9neSCE-00670-00163553-00163811 the UK government can now do is to stop
z0BpN9neSCE-00671-00163812-00164014 threatening a trade war with the
z0BpN9neSCE-00672-00164015-00164266 European Union in the middle of a cost
z0BpN9neSCE-00673-00164267-00164609 of living crisis brexit was not in the
z0BpN9neSCE-00674-00164610-00164825 interest of Scotland and further
z0BpN9neSCE-00675-00164826-00165052 exacerbating trade tensions with the EU
z0BpN9neSCE-00676-00165053-00165221 would certainly not be in the interests
z0BpN9neSCE-00677-00165222-00165407 of Scotland or anybody else across the
z0BpN9neSCE-00678-00165408-00165713 United Kingdom Miles Briggs uh thank you
z0BpN9neSCE-00679-00165714-00165869 president officer campaigners were
z0BpN9neSCE-00680-00165870-00166025 heartened when the first Minister
z0BpN9neSCE-00681-00166026-00166151 signaled that the Scottish government
z0BpN9neSCE-00682-00166152-00166385 will take forward a formal apology to
z0BpN9neSCE-00683-00166386-00166625 those affected by forced adoption Monica
z0BpN9neSCE-00684-00166626-00166775 Lennon and myself have met with
z0BpN9neSCE-00685-00166776-00166973 ministers to try to progress this issue
z0BpN9neSCE-00686-00166974-00167225 but progress has been limited for many
z0BpN9neSCE-00687-00167226-00167428 campaigners time is simply running out
z0BpN9neSCE-00688-00167429-00167602 so can I ask the first Minister a very
z0BpN9neSCE-00689-00167603-00167789 straightforward question will she today
z0BpN9neSCE-00690-00167790-00167999 commit to take forward that National
z0BpN9neSCE-00691-00168000-00168257 apology before the end of this year
z0BpN9neSCE-00692-00168258-00168526 first minister
z0BpN9neSCE-00693-00168527-00168725 the the commitments that we have made
z0BpN9neSCE-00694-00168726-00168875 the commitments I have made out I think
z0BpN9neSCE-00695-00168876-00169085 in this chamber still Stand Out
z0BpN9neSCE-00696-00169086-00169271 understand the importance of this issue
z0BpN9neSCE-00697-00169272-00169481 and understand the great sensitivity of
z0BpN9neSCE-00698-00169482-00169661 this issue it is important though that
z0BpN9neSCE-00699-00169662-00169804 we properly think through and work
z0BpN9neSCE-00700-00169805-00170081 through all of the the various issues
z0BpN9neSCE-00701-00170082-00170278 that the legal issues are inevitably
z0BpN9neSCE-00702-00170279-00170573 involved in this but also give careful
z0BpN9neSCE-00703-00170574-00170771 thought to the the framing and the
z0BpN9neSCE-00704-00170772-00171035 wording of an apology and this is an
z0BpN9neSCE-00705-00171036-00171335 important issue so rather than give an
z0BpN9neSCE-00706-00171336-00171628 update right now what I will do is ask
z0BpN9neSCE-00707-00171629-00171839 officials or the relevant minister to
z0BpN9neSCE-00708-00171840-00172061 write to the member to put this in spice
z0BpN9neSCE-00709-00172062-00172295 at giving a more detailed update on the
z0BpN9neSCE-00710-00172296-00172487 work that has been done and the progress
z0BpN9neSCE-00711-00172488-00172649 that is being made
z0BpN9neSCE-00712-00172650-00172828 Colin Smith
z0BpN9neSCE-00713-00172829-00172990 thank you Poseidon officer just last
z0BpN9neSCE-00714-00172991-00173152 year of Scottish Government funding of
z0BpN9neSCE-00715-00173153-00173435 4.8 million was awarded on fisher-based
z0BpN9neSCE-00716-00173436-00173614 Alpha Solway to build a manufacturing
z0BpN9neSCE-00717-00173615-00173878 plant in Dumfries for PPE with a promise
z0BpN9neSCE-00718-00173879-00174101 from Ministers of 300 jobs today that
z0BpN9neSCE-00719-00174102-00174359 firm employs fewer than half that number
z0BpN9neSCE-00720-00174360-00174575 and has just begun a consultation on
z0BpN9neSCE-00721-00174576-00174802 further job losses in the firm's Awards
z0BpN9neSCE-00722-00174803-00175102 due to NHS orders being stopped now of
z0BpN9neSCE-00723-00175103-00175354 course the overall level of PPE we need
z0BpN9neSCE-00724-00175355-00175559 May well have been reduced but surely
z0BpN9neSCE-00725-00175560-00175816 one of the lessons of the pandemic is it
z0BpN9neSCE-00726-00175817-00176057 never again should we rely on import and
z0BpN9neSCE-00727-00176058-00176387 PPE it should be manufactured here in
z0BpN9neSCE-00728-00176388-00176585 Scotland that presumably was a view of
z0BpN9neSCE-00729-00176586-00176752 the government when it awarded this
z0BpN9neSCE-00730-00176753-00176921 funding so the first Minister urgently
z0BpN9neSCE-00731-00176922-00177071 investigate the government's approach
z0BpN9neSCE-00732-00177072-00177352 the purchase of PPE and the stopping of
z0BpN9neSCE-00733-00177353-00177701 NHS orders so we can further avoid any
z0BpN9neSCE-00734-00177702-00177887 further job losses Alpha sawway and
z0BpN9neSCE-00735-00177888-00178061 ensure we have that vital future
z0BpN9neSCE-00736-00178062-00178343 resilience when it comes to PPE first
z0BpN9neSCE-00737-00178344-00178601 Minister well firstly during the
z0BpN9neSCE-00738-00178602-00178985 pandemic we did build brilliant PPE
z0BpN9neSCE-00739-00178986-00179219 manufacturing sector in Scotland I think
z0BpN9neSCE-00740-00179220-00179345 that is important and I think it is
z0BpN9neSCE-00741-00179346-00179602 important that we maintain that of
z0BpN9neSCE-00742-00179603-00179861 course to reduce any dependence on
z0BpN9neSCE-00743-00179862-00180202 imported PPE in future and it is the
z0BpN9neSCE-00744-00180203-00180454 case though and I think the member has
z0BpN9neSCE-00745-00180455-00180611 referenced this in his question that
z0BpN9neSCE-00746-00180612-00180935 demand for PPE has understandably slowed
z0BpN9neSCE-00747-00180936-00181157 considerably between the peak of the
z0BpN9neSCE-00748-00181158-00181433 pandemic and current demand meaning that
z0BpN9neSCE-00749-00181434-00181661 procurement requirements have reduced so
z0BpN9neSCE-00750-00181662-00181925 work is continuing to implement a new
z0BpN9neSCE-00751-00181926-00182219 approach to pandemic PPE and learn fully
z0BpN9neSCE-00752-00182220-00182585 the lessons from covet in terms of alpha
z0BpN9neSCE-00753-00182586-00182813 Solway it is one of our partners and we
z0BpN9neSCE-00754-00182814-00182957 very much appreciate the important
z0BpN9neSCE-00755-00182958-00183173 contribution that company made during
z0BpN9neSCE-00756-00183174-00183388 the pandemic and I know this is a
z0BpN9neSCE-00757-00183389-00183551 concerning time for the company staff
z0BpN9neSCE-00758-00183552-00183766 the business Minister has spoken with
z0BpN9neSCE-00759-00183767-00183935 the company though and offered the full
z0BpN9neSCE-00760-00183936-00184102 support of Scottish government and south
z0BpN9neSCE-00761-00184103-00184343 of Scotland Enterprises South of
z0BpN9neSCE-00762-00184344-00184487 Scotland Enterprise in particular is
z0BpN9neSCE-00763-00184488-00184702 engaging with the company to explore all
z0BpN9neSCE-00764-00184703-00184919 options and will will offer any
z0BpN9neSCE-00765-00184920-00185099 assistance that might be required and
z0BpN9neSCE-00766-00185100-00185297 I'll ask the business minister to keep
z0BpN9neSCE-00767-00185298-00185554 the member fully updated on progress
z0BpN9neSCE-00768-00185555-00185735 question number three Alex Cole Hamilton
z0BpN9neSCE-00769-00185736-00185945 and thank you presiding officer and I
z0BpN9neSCE-00770-00185946-00186095 refer to the chamber to my register of
z0BpN9neSCE-00771-00186096-00186226 Interest as a member of the homes for
z0BpN9neSCE-00772-00186227-00186449 Ukraine scheme to ask the first Minister
z0BpN9neSCE-00773-00186450-00186581 when the Scottish government will
z0BpN9neSCE-00774-00186582-00186766 announce the outcome of its review Into
z0BpN9neSCE-00775-00186767-00186959 the posing of the super sponsor scheme
z0BpN9neSCE-00776-00186960-00187145 for Ukrainian refugees coming to
z0BpN9neSCE-00777-00187146-00187445 Scotland first Minister firstly prison
z0BpN9neSCE-00778-00187446-00187666 officer can I report to Parliament that
z0BpN9neSCE-00779-00187667-00187973 more than 18 000 displaced ukrainians
z0BpN9neSCE-00780-00187974-00188213 are currently being accommodated in
z0BpN9neSCE-00781-00188214-00188525 Scotland this is almost 20 percent of
z0BpN9neSCE-00782-00188526-00188831 the total number in the UK it includes
z0BpN9neSCE-00783-00188832-00189064 almost 15 000 under the Scottish
z0BpN9neSCE-00784-00189065-00189335 government super sponsor at scheme and
z0BpN9neSCE-00785-00189336-00189593 that compares to our initial commitment
z0BpN9neSCE-00786-00189594-00189797 of three thousand so I think this is
z0BpN9neSCE-00787-00189798-00190013 something for everyone across Scotland
z0BpN9neSCE-00788-00190014-00190247 to be very proud of and it is of course
z0BpN9neSCE-00789-00190248-00190469 an important part of our overall
z0BpN9neSCE-00790-00190470-00190751 contribution to supporting and helping
z0BpN9neSCE-00791-00190752-00191051 Ukraine in this hour of need we are
z0BpN9neSCE-00792-00191052-00191314 currently reviewing the operation of the
z0BpN9neSCE-00793-00191315-00191519 sponsor program and the warm Scottish
z0BpN9neSCE-00794-00191520-00191688 welcome to ensure that we can provide
z0BpN9neSCE-00795-00191689-00191945 appropriate and sustainable at longer
z0BpN9neSCE-00796-00191946-00192185 term support to those here as well as to
z0BpN9neSCE-00797-00192186-00192449 those still arriving and those due to
z0BpN9neSCE-00798-00192450-00192683 travel I can also confirm today that we
z0BpN9neSCE-00799-00192684-00192899 are providing a dedicated Capital fund
z0BpN9neSCE-00800-00192900-00193151 of up to 50 million pounds which will be
z0BpN9neSCE-00801-00193152-00193288 available for registered social
z0BpN9neSCE-00802-00193289-00193499 landlords to help bring sustainable
z0BpN9neSCE-00803-00193500-00193690 accommodation into use and boost the
z0BpN9neSCE-00804-00193691-00193883 housing supply for those fleeing
z0BpN9neSCE-00805-00193884-00194116 conflict in Ukraine Public School
z0BpN9neSCE-00806-00194117-00194333 Hamilton I'm very grateful for that
z0BpN9neSCE-00807-00194334-00194519 reply the first Minister boasting about
z0BpN9neSCE-00808-00194520-00194771 numbers will be of cold comfort to those
z0BpN9neSCE-00809-00194772-00194938 who've been living out of suitcases
z0BpN9neSCE-00810-00194939-00195173 since February or are coming to the end
z0BpN9neSCE-00811-00195174-00195413 of placements with no idea what happens
z0BpN9neSCE-00812-00195414-00195725 next this isn't a new life this is a new
z0BpN9neSCE-00813-00195726-00195995 limbo furthermore the mobilizations in
z0BpN9neSCE-00814-00195996-00196216 Russia the pretend referendums mean no
z0BpN9neSCE-00815-00196217-00196481 chance of early return for our Ukrainian
z0BpN9neSCE-00816-00196482-00196775 guests a memo leaked the herald from the
z0BpN9neSCE-00817-00196776-00196961 government's own rapid re-housing group
z0BpN9neSCE-00818-00196962-00197243 has described confusion and increasing
z0BpN9neSCE-00819-00197244-00197459 desperation this government has written
z0BpN9neSCE-00820-00197460-00197711 Goodwill checks that refugees cannot
z0BpN9neSCE-00821-00197712-00197999 cash while it closed the scheme in July
z0BpN9neSCE-00822-00198000-00198281 it still hasn't acted on my call to
z0BpN9neSCE-00823-00198282-00198443 re-issue the appeal for homes
z0BpN9neSCE-00824-00198444-00198652 additionally presiding officer we know
z0BpN9neSCE-00825-00198653-00198875 that if it's easier to travel it's
z0BpN9neSCE-00826-00198876-00199085 easier to find homes and jobs so can I
z0BpN9neSCE-00827-00199086-00199319 also ask the first Minister alongside
z0BpN9neSCE-00828-00199320-00199547 the renew call for homes if she will now
z0BpN9neSCE-00829-00199548-00199871 extend free bus travel to all refugees
z0BpN9neSCE-00830-00199872-00200140 first Minister well firstly those who
z0BpN9neSCE-00831-00200141-00200471 are being temporarily accommodated right
z0BpN9neSCE-00832-00200472-00200699 now in Scotland if they weren't in
z0BpN9neSCE-00833-00200700-00200831 temporary accommodation in Scotland
z0BpN9neSCE-00834-00200832-00201149 wouldn't have Refuge so it is important
z0BpN9neSCE-00835-00201150-00201352 that we do recognize that Scotland is
z0BpN9neSCE-00836-00201353-00201707 more than playing our part almost 20
z0BpN9neSCE-00837-00201708-00201952 percent now of all displaced ukrainians
z0BpN9neSCE-00838-00201953-00202288 in the UK are being accommodated here in
z0BpN9neSCE-00839-00202289-00202576 Scotland that is a good thing it is good
z0BpN9neSCE-00840-00202577-00202763 for ukrainians and I think it is good
z0BpN9neSCE-00841-00202764-00203033 for Scotland to be playing that positive
z0BpN9neSCE-00842-00203034-00203416 part we continue to take the steps to
z0BpN9neSCE-00843-00203417-00203638 ensure of course that not just temporary
z0BpN9neSCE-00844-00203639-00203854 accommodation is available that longer
z0BpN9neSCE-00845-00203855-00204125 term more sustainable accommodation is
z0BpN9neSCE-00846-00204126-00204323 available in terms of temporary
z0BpN9neSCE-00847-00204324-00204493 accommodation we continue to support
z0BpN9neSCE-00848-00204494-00204838 those who have offered uh private homes
z0BpN9neSCE-00849-00204839-00205132 for use and the matching process we
z0BpN9neSCE-00850-00205133-00205379 continue to work to speed that up but it
z0BpN9neSCE-00851-00205380-00205588 is important that we make longer term
z0BpN9neSCE-00852-00205589-00205798 accommodation available which is why the
z0BpN9neSCE-00853-00205800-00206021 fund of reference today is an important
z0BpN9neSCE-00854-00206021-00206357 part of that work so we will continue to
z0BpN9neSCE-00855-00206358-00206512 take all of these steps to make sure
z0BpN9neSCE-00856-00206513-00206698 that we are playing our part to continue
z0BpN9neSCE-00857-00206700-00206957 to support Ukraine at this what I think
z0BpN9neSCE-00858-00206958-00207238 is a pivotal moment in the war one where
z0BpN9neSCE-00859-00207239-00207521 we are all happy to see Ukraine in the
z0BpN9neSCE-00860-00207521-00207773 ascendancy but continue to be concerned
z0BpN9neSCE-00861-00207773-00208001 about Putin and his intentions so
z0BpN9neSCE-00862-00208002-00208151 Scotland will continue to play our part
z0BpN9neSCE-00863-00208152-00208307 and I hope people across the chamber
z0BpN9neSCE-00864-00208308-00208505 will give the Scottish government a
z0BpN9neSCE-00865-00208506-00208679 local Authority and third sector
z0BpN9neSCE-00866-00208680-00208973 Partners every support in doing so
z0BpN9neSCE-00867-00208973-00209255 question number four co-cap Stewart
z0BpN9neSCE-00868-00209256-00209458 I'd like to ask the first Minister
z0BpN9neSCE-00869-00209459-00209675 whether she will provide an update on
z0BpN9neSCE-00870-00209676-00209837 the Scottish government's support for
z0BpN9neSCE-00871-00209838-00210046 the people of Pakistan as they face
z0BpN9neSCE-00872-00210048-00210323 ongoing Devastation following severe
z0BpN9neSCE-00873-00210323-00210677 Monsoon flash flooding first Minister I
z0BpN9neSCE-00874-00210678-00210898 think we've all been short-termed very
z0BpN9neSCE-00875-00210900-00211187 concerned by the devastating impacts of
z0BpN9neSCE-00876-00211188-00211403 monsoon flooding in Pakistan which
z0BpN9neSCE-00877-00211404-00211723 includes the destruction over damage to
z0BpN9neSCE-00878-00211723-00212027 1.7 million homes and this is a clear
z0BpN9neSCE-00879-00212028-00212296 example of the loss in damage caused by
z0BpN9neSCE-00880-00212298-00212537 climate change and underlines the need
z0BpN9neSCE-00881-00212538-00212879 for all countries to act on this in
z0BpN9neSCE-00882-00212880-00213125 terms of the immediate response we have
z0BpN9neSCE-00883-00213126-00213382 made available 500 000 pounds in
z0BpN9neSCE-00884-00213383-00213665 humanitarian relief funding at the
z0BpN9neSCE-00885-00213666-00213851 minister for International Development
z0BpN9neSCE-00886-00213852-00214073 has also met with the Pakistan Consul
z0BpN9neSCE-00887-00214073-00214306 General to hear firsthand the situation
z0BpN9neSCE-00888-00214307-00214481 on the ground and to offer Scotland's
z0BpN9neSCE-00889-00214482-00214792 support on an ongoing basis cool cap
z0BpN9neSCE-00890-00214794-00215051 Stuart I thank the first Minister for
z0BpN9neSCE-00891-00215052-00215275 that update pakistanis across Scotland
z0BpN9neSCE-00892-00215276-00215519 including from her own constituency in
z0BpN9neSCE-00893-00215519-00215734 Glasgow south side and mine in Glasgow
z0BpN9neSCE-00894-00215735-00216148 Kelvin will appreciate this update uh I
z0BpN9neSCE-00895-00216150-00216346 have previously welcomed two Parliament
z0BpN9neSCE-00896-00216348-00216544 on behalf of the education children the
z0BpN9neSCE-00897-00216546-00216719 young people's committee a delegation
z0BpN9neSCE-00898-00216719-00216910 from the regional government of
z0BpN9neSCE-00899-00216911-00217229 Balochistan one of the Region's worst
z0BpN9neSCE-00900-00217230-00217529 affected by the flooding this week the
z0BpN9neSCE-00901-00217530-00217834 UNICEF Pakistan Chief field officer in
z0BpN9neSCE-00902-00217835-00218092 Balochistan reported we don't have
z0BpN9neSCE-00903-00218094-00218489 enough food shelter Health Care roads
z0BpN9neSCE-00904-00218490-00218729 and bridges have been washed away the
z0BpN9neSCE-00905-00218730-00218981 flood is not going anywhere will the
z0BpN9neSCE-00906-00218982-00219155 first Minister commit to considering
z0BpN9neSCE-00907-00219156-00219358 further support for Pakistan in the
z0BpN9neSCE-00908-00219359-00219592 coming weeks given the scale of this
z0BpN9neSCE-00909-00219594-00219881 catastrophe and the ongoing havoc and
z0BpN9neSCE-00910-00219882-00220060 misery that people are living through
z0BpN9neSCE-00911-00220061-00220565 first Minister yes we will absolutely do
z0BpN9neSCE-00912-00220566-00220894 that co-captor also outright to point to
z0BpN9neSCE-00913-00220896-00221063 Heart at constituency interest in this
z0BpN9neSCE-00914-00221064-00221291 and into my own constituency interests a
z0BpN9neSCE-00915-00221292-00221441 significant proportion of my
z0BpN9neSCE-00916-00221442-00221656 constituents in Glasgow Southside out of
z0BpN9neSCE-00917-00221657-00221855 Pakistani origin and we'll have
z0BpN9neSCE-00918-00221856-00222125 relatives affected by the flooding my
z0BpN9neSCE-00919-00222126-00222353 constituency is also home to the
z0BpN9neSCE-00920-00222354-00222658 Pakistan consulate and so these are
z0BpN9neSCE-00921-00222659-00223001 issues that concern all of us and the
z0BpN9neSCE-00922-00223002-00223246 scale of the devastation is truly
z0BpN9neSCE-00923-00223248-00223613 overwhelming 22 000 schools estimated to
z0BpN9neSCE-00924-00223614-00223817 have been damaged disrupting the
z0BpN9neSCE-00925-00223817-00224027 education of an estimated three and a
z0BpN9neSCE-00926-00224028-00224308 half million children estimated material
z0BpN9neSCE-00927-00224309-00224627 damage of up to 30 billion dollars at 45
z0BpN9neSCE-00928-00224628-00224831 percent of the country's agricultural
z0BpN9neSCE-00929-00224832-00225041 land has been destroyed the World Bank
z0BpN9neSCE-00930-00225042-00225244 estimates that the floods could push 15
z0BpN9neSCE-00931-00225246-00225641 million people into poverty and as the
z0BpN9neSCE-00932-00225642-00225898 Prime Minister has highlighted prime
z0BpN9neSCE-00933-00225900-00226042 minister Pakistan has highlighted this
z0BpN9neSCE-00934-00226044-00226348 is a clear case of climate Injustice so
z0BpN9neSCE-00935-00226350-00226505 today on the International Day of
z0BpN9neSCE-00936-00226506-00226708 recognition for loss and damage we all
z0BpN9neSCE-00937-00226709-00226901 also support his plea for Urgent
z0BpN9neSCE-00938-00226902-00227182 additional Finance to address loss and
z0BpN9neSCE-00939-00227183-00227351 damage but Scotland will always do
z0BpN9neSCE-00940-00227352-00227579 whatever we can to play our part in
z0BpN9neSCE-00941-00227580-00227758 supporting countries affected by
z0BpN9neSCE-00942-00227759-00227956 disasters such as this
z0BpN9neSCE-00943-00227957-00228215 question number five Brian whittle
z0BpN9neSCE-00944-00228216-00228419 hey thank you presenting officer to ask
z0BpN9neSCE-00945-00228419-00228563 the first Minister what action the
z0BpN9neSCE-00946-00228564-00228706 Scottish government is taking to support
z0BpN9neSCE-00947-00228707-00228929 the transition to Net Zero Heating in
z0BpN9neSCE-00948-00228930-00229192 rural homes first Minister there are
z0BpN9neSCE-00949-00229194-00229432 long-standing issues of poorer Energy
z0BpN9neSCE-00950-00229433-00229679 Efficiency and higher fuel poverty in
z0BpN9neSCE-00951-00229680-00229894 rural areas that's why we provide more
z0BpN9neSCE-00952-00229896-00230141 whole house retrofits and a wider range
z0BpN9neSCE-00953-00230142-00230387 of support for installing zero emissions
z0BpN9neSCE-00954-00230388-00230656 Heating in rural areas overall we have
z0BpN9neSCE-00955-00230657-00230867 committed 1.8 billion pounds for heat
z0BpN9neSCE-00956-00230867-00231053 and energy efficiency over this
z0BpN9neSCE-00957-00231054-00231317 Parliament that includes 42 million
z0BpN9neSCE-00958-00231317-00231515 pounds for home energy Scotland loans
z0BpN9neSCE-00959-00231516-00231791 with cashback scheme 55 million pounds
z0BpN9neSCE-00960-00231792-00232006 for the warmer Homes at Scotland scheme
z0BpN9neSCE-00961-00232007-00232223 and 64 million pounds for area-based
z0BpN9neSCE-00962-00232223-00232415 schemes we're committed to spending more
z0BpN9neSCE-00963-00232416-00232655 per head on Energy Efficiency in remote
z0BpN9neSCE-00964-00232656-00232889 rural areas where we know installation
z0BpN9neSCE-00965-00232890-00233134 and labor costs are higher the home
z0BpN9neSCE-00966-00233135-00233351 energy Scotland service also provides
z0BpN9neSCE-00967-00233352-00233567 free impartial advice on zero emissions
z0BpN9neSCE-00968-00233567-00233848 Heating and Energy Efficiency it's five
z0BpN9neSCE-00969-00233850-00233994 Regional centers provide
z0BpN9neSCE-00970-00233996-00234208 location-specific energy advice that
z0BpN9neSCE-00971-00234209-00234425 takes account of rural circumstances and
z0BpN9neSCE-00972-00234426-00234641 the varying energy demand of properties
z0BpN9neSCE-00973-00234642-00234773 across the country
z0BpN9neSCE-00974-00234773-00235006 in whittle hey thank the first minutes
z0BpN9neSCE-00975-00235007-00235246 for that answer earlier this year a
z0BpN9neSCE-00976-00235248-00235481 cross-party group of msps wrote to the
z0BpN9neSCE-00977-00235482-00235660 Scottish government highlighting the
z0BpN9neSCE-00978-00235661-00235889 serious Financial challenges facing off
z0BpN9neSCE-00979-00235890-00236105 gas grid homeowners seeking to replace
z0BpN9neSCE-00980-00236106-00236339 their oil heating systems which are
z0BpN9neSCE-00981-00236340-00236584 increasingly expensive to run on carbon
z0BpN9neSCE-00982-00236585-00236794 intensive despite Scottish government's
z0BpN9neSCE-00983-00236796-00236987 much wanted Target of a million zero
z0BpN9neSCE-00984-00236988-00237239 carbon heated homes by 2030 there is
z0BpN9neSCE-00985-00237240-00237442 still no detailed plan on how it will be
z0BpN9neSCE-00986-00237444-00237701 delivered nor are the existing funding
z0BpN9neSCE-00987-00237702-00237875 packages significant to me it's
z0BpN9neSCE-00988-00237876-00238055 sufficient to meet the costs these
z0BpN9neSCE-00989-00238056-00238301 homeowners will face to install Net Zero
z0BpN9neSCE-00990-00238302-00238481 heat so does the first Minister
z0BpN9neSCE-00991-00238482-00238721 recognize that any credible strategy
z0BpN9neSCE-00992-00238721-00238889 should prioritize support for homes
z0BpN9neSCE-00993-00238890-00239134 facing the Costless transition away from
z0BpN9neSCE-00994-00239135-00239291 the most carbon intensive heating
z0BpN9neSCE-00995-00239292-00239615 systems Minister um yes I do I've set
z0BpN9neSCE-00996-00239616-00239884 out already some of the schemes there
z0BpN9neSCE-00997-00239885-00240017 and the funding attached to those
z0BpN9neSCE-00998-00240017-00240329 schemes that are already in place to
z0BpN9neSCE-00999-00240330-00240437 help us meet the targets that Brian
z0BpN9neSCE-01000-00240438-00240677 Whittle has referred to have already
z0BpN9neSCE-01001-00240678-00241031 made clear we recognize and are
z0BpN9neSCE-01002-00241032-00241451 responding of course to the reality that
z0BpN9neSCE-01003-00241452-00241655 there are deep issues of poor Energy
z0BpN9neSCE-01004-00241656-00241882 Efficiency and higher fuel poverty in
z0BpN9neSCE-01005-00241883-00242158 rural areas so I think we are addressing
z0BpN9neSCE-01006-00242159-00242291 these issues but there is a big
z0BpN9neSCE-01007-00242292-00242471 responsibility on us as on all
z0BpN9neSCE-01008-00242471-00242669 governments to continue to do so I was
z0BpN9neSCE-01009-00242669-00242992 struck by comments made recently by the
z0BpN9neSCE-01010-00242994-00243208 British Energy Efficiency Federation
z0BpN9neSCE-01011-00243209-00243484 commenting specifically on Scottish
z0BpN9neSCE-01012-00243485-00243689 government policies on Energy Efficiency
z0BpN9neSCE-01013-00243690-00243965 or perhaps just to quote needs to give
z0BpN9neSCE-01014-00243966-00244282 some background it said that the
z0BpN9neSCE-01015-00244283-00244408 Scottish government has deliberately
z0BpN9neSCE-01016-00244409-00244613 concentrated such improvements in Rural
z0BpN9neSCE-01017-00244614-00244967 and remote communities not served by the
z0BpN9neSCE-01018-00244967-00245315 gas grid and goes on to say no such set
z0BpN9neSCE-01019-00245316-00245542 of activists programs to stimulate
z0BpN9neSCE-01020-00245544-00245782 Energy Efficiency yet exist from the UK
z0BpN9neSCE-01021-00245783-00245998 government my advice to Whitehall is
z0BpN9neSCE-01022-00246000-00246173 simple you had best be copying
z0BpN9neSCE-01023-00246173-00246358 Scotland's initiatives
z0BpN9neSCE-01024-00246359-00246544 emerodic
z0BpN9neSCE-01025-00246546-00246742 thank you presiding officer communities
z0BpN9neSCE-01026-00246744-00246898 across the highlands and islands are
z0BpN9neSCE-01027-00246900-00247144 experiencing extreme fuel poverty and
z0BpN9neSCE-01028-00247146-00247337 many of these places also generate over
z0BpN9neSCE-01029-00247338-00247546 400 percent of their energy use through
z0BpN9neSCE-01030-00247548-00247744 Renewables while the Scottish government
z0BpN9neSCE-01031-00247746-00247948 consider extra support for homes in
z0BpN9neSCE-01032-00247950-00248141 these areas which do not yet have or
z0BpN9neSCE-01033-00248142-00248356 cannot be fitted with green heating
z0BpN9neSCE-01034-00248357-00248573 systems and are still using systems like
z0BpN9neSCE-01035-00248573-00248831 LPG and oil boilers until they are able
z0BpN9neSCE-01036-00248832-00248992 to be fitted with lower carbon
z0BpN9neSCE-01037-00248994-00249208 Alternatives given that these areas can
z0BpN9neSCE-01038-00249209-00249442 already be considered Net Zero first
z0BpN9neSCE-01039-00249444-00249539 minister
z0BpN9neSCE-01040-00249540-00249892 uh regulation lies with the UK
z0BpN9neSCE-01041-00249894-00250079 government and we have asked the UK
z0BpN9neSCE-01042-00250080-00250313 government to use its regulatory levers
z0BpN9neSCE-01043-00250314-00250565 but within the powers and resources we
z0BpN9neSCE-01044-00250566-00250769 have as I've already given some
z0BpN9neSCE-01045-00250769-00251003 indication of we will seek to do exactly
z0BpN9neSCE-01046-00251004-00251279 that we recognize at the very particular
z0BpN9neSCE-01047-00251280-00251506 issues that do exist within rural areas
z0BpN9neSCE-01048-00251507-00251717 and as part of our overall approach it
z0BpN9neSCE-01049-00251717-00251903 is vital that we address these
z0BpN9neSCE-01050-00251904-00252077 appropriately
z0BpN9neSCE-01051-00252078-00252281 Grant
z0BpN9neSCE-01052-00252282-00252473 the first Minister will be aware that
z0BpN9neSCE-01053-00252473-00252737 our government only fit heat pumps under
z0BpN9neSCE-01054-00252738-00252929 their central heating assistance scheme
z0BpN9neSCE-01055-00252930-00253127 and these are absolutely useless in
z0BpN9neSCE-01056-00253128-00253396 drafty old houses people who need help
z0BpN9neSCE-01057-00253398-00253606 to replace and install central heating
z0BpN9neSCE-01058-00253607-00253906 cannot afford to Cloud their homes with
z0BpN9neSCE-01059-00253907-00254182 insulation will she therefore urgently
z0BpN9neSCE-01060-00254183-00254381 amend the scheme to ensure that
z0BpN9neSCE-01061-00254382-00254681 insulation is fitted in tandem with a
z0BpN9neSCE-01062-00254682-00254867 heat pump central heating schemes to
z0BpN9neSCE-01063-00254867-00255053 make sure that nobody is freezing this
z0BpN9neSCE-01064-00255054-00255334 winter here first Minister we exactly
z0BpN9neSCE-01065-00255335-00255665 look on an ongoing basis at any
z0BpN9neSCE-01066-00255666-00255934 adaptation or Amendment to the rules
z0BpN9neSCE-01067-00255935-00256139 around our existing schemes that might
z0BpN9neSCE-01068-00256140-00256384 be required in Alaska at the relevant
z0BpN9neSCE-01069-00256385-00256505 minister to look particularly at this
z0BpN9neSCE-01070-00256506-00256732 point and to write to the members as
z0BpN9neSCE-01071-00256733-00256889 soon as possible
z0BpN9neSCE-01072-00256890-00257171 question number six Pam Duncan glancy
z0BpN9neSCE-01073-00257171-00257363 thank you president officer to ask the
z0BpN9neSCE-01074-00257364-00257525 first Minister what the Scottish
z0BpN9neSCE-01075-00257526-00257723 government's responses to the one parent
z0BpN9neSCE-01076-00257723-00257939 family Scotland report living without a
z0BpN9neSCE-01077-00257940-00258130 Lifeline single parenting and the cost
z0BpN9neSCE-01078-00258131-00258467 of living first Minister I welcome the
z0BpN9neSCE-01079-00258467-00258580 report although I wish it wasn't
z0BpN9neSCE-01080-00258581-00258791 necessary because we're all aware of the
z0BpN9neSCE-01081-00258792-00259055 hardship felt by many families right now
z0BpN9neSCE-01082-00259056-00259330 and particularly by single parents the
z0BpN9neSCE-01083-00259331-00259498 Scottish government's very significant
z0BpN9neSCE-01084-00259500-00259744 actions to tackle child poverty
z0BpN9neSCE-01085-00259746-00260032 alongside our interventions to mitigate
z0BpN9neSCE-01086-00260033-00260255 the cost of living crisis are providing
z0BpN9neSCE-01087-00260256-00260542 direct support for example our five
z0BpN9neSCE-01088-00260544-00260794 family benefits which will shortly be
z0BpN9neSCE-01089-00260796-00261089 worth over ten thousand pounds in the
z0BpN9neSCE-01090-00261090-00261269 early years of a child's life include
z0BpN9neSCE-01091-00261269-00261419 the Scottish child payment which will
z0BpN9neSCE-01092-00261419-00261665 increase to 25 pounds in November
z0BpN9neSCE-01093-00261666-00261965 representing at 150 increase within
z0BpN9neSCE-01094-00261966-00262187 eight months all of this of course in
z0BpN9neSCE-01095-00262188-00262343 contrast to the UK government which
z0BpN9neSCE-01096-00262344-00262571 continues to hold most of the key levers
z0BpN9neSCE-01097-00262572-00262865 here if it reverse the welfare reforms
z0BpN9neSCE-01098-00262866-00263165 imposed since 2015 such as the two child
z0BpN9neSCE-01099-00263166-00263375 that the 20 pounds cut to Universal
z0BpN9neSCE-01100-00263376-00263567 Credit the benefit freeze and the
z0BpN9neSCE-01101-00263568-00263903 benefit cap this would put 780 million
z0BpN9neSCE-01102-00263904-00264251 pounds into household budgets and 70 000
z0BpN9neSCE-01103-00264252-00264521 people including 30 000 children would
z0BpN9neSCE-01104-00264522-00264827 be lifted out of poverty unfortunately
z0BpN9neSCE-01105-00264828-00265079 we right now have to rely on our UK
z0BpN9neSCE-01106-00265080-00265301 government to exercise these levers and
z0BpN9neSCE-01107-00265302-00265510 I look forward to the day when these
z0BpN9neSCE-01108-00265511-00265715 decisions lie within the powers of this
z0BpN9neSCE-01109-00265716-00266015 Parliament Pam Duncan glancy I thank the
z0BpN9neSCE-01110-00266016-00266189 first Minister for that answer and I
z0BpN9neSCE-01111-00266190-00266351 also thank one parent family Scotland
z0BpN9neSCE-01112-00266352-00266549 and the the parents who contributed to
z0BpN9neSCE-01113-00266550-00266753 the report the report is indeed a grim
z0BpN9neSCE-01114-00266754-00266939 Reid and just one parent's response in
z0BpN9neSCE-01115-00266940-00267155 the report says how bad things are she
z0BpN9neSCE-01116-00267156-00267425 says depression anxiety stress I am
z0BpN9neSCE-01117-00267426-00267569 responsible for the most amazing
z0BpN9neSCE-01118-00267570-00267791 children but I'm falling apart I'm
z0BpN9neSCE-01119-00267792-00268030 terrified of losing my job the report
z0BpN9neSCE-01120-00268031-00268199 suggests many ways to tackle child
z0BpN9neSCE-01121-00268200-00268510 poverty but including and crucially to
z0BpN9neSCE-01122-00268511-00268745 help people stay to stay out of poverty
z0BpN9neSCE-01123-00268746-00269008 employability support so can I ask the
z0BpN9neSCE-01124-00269009-00269171 first Minister whether she will explore
z0BpN9neSCE-01125-00269172-00269327 the recommendations set out in the
z0BpN9neSCE-01126-00269328-00269525 report and will she give reassurances
z0BpN9neSCE-01127-00269526-00269710 that the cuts to employability support
z0BpN9neSCE-01128-00269711-00269884 announced by the deputy first Minister
z0BpN9neSCE-01129-00269885-00270101 will not impact efforts to help single
z0BpN9neSCE-01130-00270102-00270269 parents and other priority groups
z0BpN9neSCE-01131-00270270-00270419 including disabled people larger
z0BpN9neSCE-01132-00270420-00270593 families families with children under
z0BpN9neSCE-01133-00270594-00270905 one moms who are under 25 and people of
z0BpN9neSCE-01134-00270906-00270977 color
z0BpN9neSCE-01135-00270978-00271289 first Minister yes I I'm happy to give
z0BpN9neSCE-01136-00271290-00271595 those assurancies and happy to engage in
z0BpN9neSCE-01137-00271596-00271949 more detail on all of that in terms of
z0BpN9neSCE-01138-00271950-00272105 the specific questions yes we will
z0BpN9neSCE-01139-00272106-00272423 consider all recommendations in this
z0BpN9neSCE-01140-00272424-00272645 report support for employability is
z0BpN9neSCE-01141-00272646-00272795 important in terms of the savings that
z0BpN9neSCE-01142-00272796-00273053 were announced at two weeks ago of
z0BpN9neSCE-01143-00273054-00273221 course the deputy first Minister set out
z0BpN9neSCE-01144-00273222-00273443 the rationale for these at a time of at
z0BpN9neSCE-01145-00273444-00273667 very high employment and very low
z0BpN9neSCE-01146-00273668-00273899 unemployment our judgment when our
z0BpN9neSCE-01147-00273900-00274073 budget is under so much pressure that we
z0BpN9neSCE-01148-00274074-00274265 need to focus as much as possible in
z0BpN9neSCE-01149-00274266-00274493 increasing the incomes of people through
z0BpN9neSCE-01150-00274494-00274780 wage increases as far as we can support
z0BpN9neSCE-01151-00274781-00274984 those and through for example increases
z0BpN9neSCE-01152-00274985-00275260 to the Scottish child payment but
z0BpN9neSCE-01153-00275261-00275471 nevertheless supporting employability
z0BpN9neSCE-01154-00275472-00275741 for lone parents and for others that
z0BpN9neSCE-01155-00275742-00275884 tend to be furthest from the labor
z0BpN9neSCE-01156-00275885-00276095 market remains extremely important we
z0BpN9neSCE-01157-00276096-00276353 will continue to use all levers and
z0BpN9neSCE-01158-00276354-00276551 maximize the resources we can bring to
z0BpN9neSCE-01159-00276552-00276767 bear on tackling poverty generally child
z0BpN9neSCE-01160-00276768-00277103 poverty in particular and in particular
z0BpN9neSCE-01161-00277104-00277337 the issues experienced by lone parents I
z0BpN9neSCE-01162-00277338-00277480 think this government has a good record
z0BpN9neSCE-01163-00277481-00277745 but the more Powers we hold in our own
z0BpN9neSCE-01164-00277746-00277919 hands the more we're going to be able to
z0BpN9neSCE-01165-00277920-00278177 do and eleanorwood
z0BpN9neSCE-01166-00278178-00278369 does the first Minister share my
z0BpN9neSCE-01167-00278370-00278519 frustration that whilst the Scottish
z0BpN9neSCE-01168-00278520-00278795 government introduces significant
z0BpN9neSCE-01169-00278796-00278956 um poverty intervention such as the
z0BpN9neSCE-01170-00278957-00279137 child a Scottish child payment she's
z0BpN9neSCE-01171-00279138-00279353 mentioned our ambition to tackle poverty
z0BpN9neSCE-01172-00279354-00279610 is not only unmatched it is absolutely
z0BpN9neSCE-01173-00279611-00279899 undermined by territory policies and
z0BpN9neSCE-01174-00279900-00280084 that as long as the UK government holds
z0BpN9neSCE-01175-00280085-00280313 the key tax borrowing and Welfare Powers
z0BpN9neSCE-01176-00280314-00280577 we are always going to be constrained in
z0BpN9neSCE-01177-00280578-00280780 our ability to protect the most
z0BpN9neSCE-01178-00280781-00281260 vulnerable in our society first minister
z0BpN9neSCE-01179-00281261-00281419 yes
z0BpN9neSCE-01180-00281420-00281777 I do share that frustration because just
z0BpN9neSCE-01181-00281778-00282089 as we try to use our powers and deploy
z0BpN9neSCE-01182-00282090-00282269 our resources to lift people out of
z0BpN9neSCE-01183-00282270-00282449 poverty we have a UK government that is
z0BpN9neSCE-01184-00282450-00282647 taking actions that are pushing people
z0BpN9neSCE-01185-00282648-00282953 into poverty and that is not a
z0BpN9neSCE-01186-00282954-00283205 sustainable or a sensible or a morally
z0BpN9neSCE-01187-00283206-00283439 defensible position we Face a UK
z0BpN9neSCE-01188-00283440-00283637 government now that seems to want to
z0BpN9neSCE-01189-00283638-00283834 increase the bonuses paid to Bankers
z0BpN9neSCE-01190-00283835-00284110 while further eroding the incomes of
z0BpN9neSCE-01191-00284111-00284353 those on Universal Credit it is utterly
z0BpN9neSCE-01192-00284354-00284615 indefensible I think we are showing what
z0BpN9neSCE-01193-00284616-00284825 we can do with the limited welfare
z0BpN9neSCE-01194-00284826-00285005 powers that we have the Scottish child
z0BpN9neSCE-01195-00285006-00285299 payment is at the leading example of
z0BpN9neSCE-01196-00285300-00285527 that but for as long as so many of these
z0BpN9neSCE-01197-00285528-00285682 powers and levers lie with the UK
z0BpN9neSCE-01198-00285683-00285845 government acting in the way this one is
z0BpN9neSCE-01199-00285846-00286055 then our efforts are going to continue
z0BpN9neSCE-01200-00286056-00286295 to be undermined which is why it's so
z0BpN9neSCE-01201-00286296-00286427 important that we get all of these
z0BpN9neSCE-01202-00286428-00286613 Powers into the hands of this Parliament
z0BpN9neSCE-01203-00286614-00287069 as soon as possible
z0BpN9neSCE-01204-00287070-00287332 thank you that concludes fresh ministers
z0BpN9neSCE-01205-00287333-00287573 questions the next item of business is a
z0BpN9neSCE-01206-00287574-00287747 member's debate in the name of Ruth
z0BpN9neSCE-01207-00287748-00287867 McGuire and there'll be a short
z0BpN9neSCE-01208-00287868-00288173 suspension to allow those leaving the
z0BpN9neSCE-01209-00288174-00288602 chamber and public gallery to do so
z1VXle_v_Fg-00000-00000360-00000567 what is up my exchange family from all
z1VXle_v_Fg-00001-00000568-00000711 over the world and thank you for tuning
z1VXle_v_Fg-00002-00000712-00000935 in to another episode of chief chat
z1VXle_v_Fg-00003-00000936-00001143 my name is chief master kevin osbie and
z1VXle_v_Fg-00004-00001144-00001335 i'm your senior enlisted advisor for the
z1VXle_v_Fg-00005-00001336-00001535 army and air force exchange service
z1VXle_v_Fg-00006-00001536-00001655 before we get started with our guests
z1VXle_v_Fg-00007-00001655-00001871 today i would love to introduce my
z1VXle_v_Fg-00008-00001872-00001982 lovely co-hosts
z1VXle_v_Fg-00009-00001984-00002175 liam matthews and julie mitchell how
z1VXle_v_Fg-00010-00002176-00002350 y'all doing ladies
z1VXle_v_Fg-00011-00002351-00002702 hey hi doing good how are you guys
z1VXle_v_Fg-00012-00002703-00002999 oh man two cheat chats in one day that's
z1VXle_v_Fg-00013-00003000-00003102 freaking amazing
z1VXle_v_Fg-00014-00003103-00003399 right it's good to see you again and
z1VXle_v_Fg-00015-00003400-00003615 good to see you again leah too
z1VXle_v_Fg-00016-00003615-00003854 awesome awesome well today we have an
z1VXle_v_Fg-00017-00003855-00003951 outstanding
z1VXle_v_Fg-00018-00003952-00004254 guest today that uh our guests should i
z1VXle_v_Fg-00019-00004255-00004295 say
z1VXle_v_Fg-00020-00004296-00004447 uh that came to bless us with some great
z1VXle_v_Fg-00021-00004448-00004670 combo and some live performances
z1VXle_v_Fg-00022-00004671-00004886 uh julie do you mind introducing today's
z1VXle_v_Fg-00023-00004887-00005006 guest i
z1VXle_v_Fg-00024-00005007-00005183 would be honored to introduce today's
z1VXle_v_Fg-00025-00005184-00005327 guest so it's been a few weeks since
z1VXle_v_Fg-00026-00005328-00005479 we've had musical guests so we're
z1VXle_v_Fg-00027-00005480-00005575 excited to bring
z1VXle_v_Fg-00028-00005576-00005870 exclusive entertainment to you live
z1VXle_v_Fg-00029-00005871-00005951 today
z1VXle_v_Fg-00030-00005952-00006159 today's guests are here with us courtesy
z1VXle_v_Fg-00031-00006160-00006279 of our good friends
z1VXle_v_Fg-00032-00006280-00006495 at better noise music they're an up and
z1VXle_v_Fg-00033-00006495-00006678 coming rock band from new york city
z1VXle_v_Fg-00034-00006679-00006839 please help us welcome
z1VXle_v_Fg-00035-00006840-00007070 zach allison harrison marcelo nick
z1VXle_v_Fg-00036-00007072-00007303 burroughs and chris gooden better known
z1VXle_v_Fg-00037-00007304-00007606 as tempt hey
z1VXle_v_Fg-00038-00007608-00008023 hello greetings from new york city
z1VXle_v_Fg-00039-00008023-00008623 hi from new york gets tempted
z1VXle_v_Fg-00040-00008624-00008799 thanks so much for taking time out to
z1VXle_v_Fg-00041-00008800-00009031 join us we are super excited to have you
z1VXle_v_Fg-00042-00009032-00009159 guys play for us
z1VXle_v_Fg-00043-00009160-00009399 and chat with us but for everybody
z1VXle_v_Fg-00044-00009400-00009463 watching
z1VXle_v_Fg-00045-00009464-00009639 drop a note in the comments and let us
z1VXle_v_Fg-00046-00009640-00009767 know if you have any questions for
z1VXle_v_Fg-00047-00009768-00009935 attempt we'll be reading those live
z1VXle_v_Fg-00048-00009936-00010087 throughout the broadcast
z1VXle_v_Fg-00049-00010088-00010246 now is a good time to start a watch
z1VXle_v_Fg-00050-00010247-00010406 party so you can enjoy this
z1VXle_v_Fg-00051-00010407-00010710 live entertainment with your friends and
z1VXle_v_Fg-00052-00010711-00010895 if you're not already following us you
z1VXle_v_Fg-00053-00010896-00011071 should because we have great guests
z1VXle_v_Fg-00054-00011072-00011127 lined up
z1VXle_v_Fg-00055-00011128-00011367 all fall for you for chief chat so check
z1VXle_v_Fg-00056-00011368-00011519 us out and you'll see who's coming up
z1VXle_v_Fg-00057-00011520-00011655 next
z1VXle_v_Fg-00058-00011656-00011846 awesome awesome awesome so uh zach
z1VXle_v_Fg-00059-00011847-00012014 harris and nick and chris
z1VXle_v_Fg-00060-00012015-00012206 thank you so much for being here with us
z1VXle_v_Fg-00061-00012207-00012367 today um
z1VXle_v_Fg-00062-00012368-00012510 we are thrilled to have you and know
z1VXle_v_Fg-00063-00012511-00012670 this means so much to our military
z1VXle_v_Fg-00064-00012671-00012735 families
z1VXle_v_Fg-00065-00012736-00012935 our veterans uh to have you out here
z1VXle_v_Fg-00066-00012936-00013086 boosting morale with it with your songs
z1VXle_v_Fg-00067-00013087-00013238 so i appreciate that
z1VXle_v_Fg-00068-00013240-00013407 absolutely and man uh i think i could
z1VXle_v_Fg-00069-00013408-00013566 speak on behalf of all of us when i say
z1VXle_v_Fg-00070-00013568-00013703 it's absolutely our honor and our
z1VXle_v_Fg-00071-00013704-00013830 pleasure to be doing this
z1VXle_v_Fg-00072-00013831-00014063 thank you guys for doing what you do and
z1VXle_v_Fg-00073-00014063-00014247 sacrifice the sacrifices that you make
z1VXle_v_Fg-00074-00014247-00014455 and all your families are making as well
z1VXle_v_Fg-00075-00014456-00014607 is just tremendous and we
z1VXle_v_Fg-00076-00014608-00014822 we we don't forget that so it's our
z1VXle_v_Fg-00077-00014823-00015055 honor thank you for having us
z1VXle_v_Fg-00078-00015056-00015327 so where are you guys coming to us from
z1VXle_v_Fg-00079-00015328-00015511 today what city are y'all in and like
z1VXle_v_Fg-00080-00015512-00015599 where like where
z1VXle_v_Fg-00081-00015600-00015847 are you so uh we're coming to you from
z1VXle_v_Fg-00082-00015847-00015983 new york city right now this is our
z1VXle_v_Fg-00083-00015984-00016119 studio that we've actually kind of
z1VXle_v_Fg-00084-00016119-00016369 turned into a little mini club
z1VXle_v_Fg-00085-00016369-00016583 [Laughter]
z1VXle_v_Fg-00086-00016584-00016839 during quarantine club quarantine
z1VXle_v_Fg-00087-00016840-00017022 virtual live shows we have all these
z1VXle_v_Fg-00088-00017023-00017135 lights we've uh
z1VXle_v_Fg-00089-00017136-00017343 we've dedicated a lot of time to uh
z1VXle_v_Fg-00090-00017344-00017494 putting this together so we're at our
z1VXle_v_Fg-00091-00017495-00017630 studio right now
z1VXle_v_Fg-00092-00017631-00017886 coming at you live we're all native new
z1VXle_v_Fg-00093-00017887-00017958 yorkers
z1VXle_v_Fg-00094-00017959-00018383 except for chris he's from canada
z1VXle_v_Fg-00095-00018384-00018694 nick he's from
z1VXle_v_Fg-00096-00018695-00019039 canada but he's been here for
z1VXle_v_Fg-00097-00019040-00019255 over a decade now so we pretty much
z1VXle_v_Fg-00098-00019256-00019391 knight him in new york
z1VXle_v_Fg-00099-00019392-00019950 oh okay well we love canadians too
z1VXle_v_Fg-00100-00019951-00020286 we do well we do like cory marx
z1VXle_v_Fg-00101-00020287-00020686 yeah we love him so how have you
z1VXle_v_Fg-00102-00020687-00020991 shout out to corey
z1VXle_v_Fg-00103-00020992-00021183 how have you guys been during the this
z1VXle_v_Fg-00104-00021184-00021391 crazy 2020 how have you all been hanging
z1VXle_v_Fg-00105-00021392-00021567 in there
z1VXle_v_Fg-00106-00021568-00021950 well it was kind of a rough start um
z1VXle_v_Fg-00107-00021951-00022150 but then you know after kind of the
z1VXle_v_Fg-00108-00022151-00022399 initial craziness of the pandemic and
z1VXle_v_Fg-00109-00022400-00022486 stuff
z1VXle_v_Fg-00110-00022487-00022743 um we kind of got back together you know
z1VXle_v_Fg-00111-00022744-00022903 already i think a month and a half
z1VXle_v_Fg-00112-00022904-00023039 two months ago and we've just been
z1VXle_v_Fg-00113-00023040-00023247 working on music and playing and
z1VXle_v_Fg-00114-00023248-00023542 like zach said we set up this um kind of
z1VXle_v_Fg-00115-00023543-00023750 you know makeshift club in our studio
z1VXle_v_Fg-00116-00023751-00023807 and
z1VXle_v_Fg-00117-00023808-00024014 we've been doing some live shows out of
z1VXle_v_Fg-00118-00024015-00024222 it and videos for our fans so
z1VXle_v_Fg-00119-00024223-00024367 you know we're trying to kind of make it
z1VXle_v_Fg-00120-00024368-00024558 work absolutely we're shooting
z1VXle_v_Fg-00121-00024559-00024678 we're actually shooting a music video
z1VXle_v_Fg-00122-00024679-00024886 tomorrow for one of the songs you're
z1VXle_v_Fg-00123-00024887-00025007 about to hear
z1VXle_v_Fg-00124-00025008-00025150 um so we've been doing that we've been
z1VXle_v_Fg-00125-00025151-00025350 doing some photo shoots we've been
z1VXle_v_Fg-00126-00025351-00025527 um doing a bunch of i guess behind the
z1VXle_v_Fg-00127-00025528-00025687 scenes work we had a fun shoot the other
z1VXle_v_Fg-00128-00025688-00025814 day in the woods
z1VXle_v_Fg-00129-00025816-00025983 um so we've been making the most of our
z1VXle_v_Fg-00130-00025983-00026134 time and it's in the woods
z1VXle_v_Fg-00131-00026135-00026679 is that what you said wow
z1VXle_v_Fg-00132-00026680-00026839 so yeah we've definitely been making the
z1VXle_v_Fg-00133-00026839-00027031 most of our time here
z1VXle_v_Fg-00134-00027032-00027223 good i love it yeah love that that
z1VXle_v_Fg-00135-00027224-00027414 you're maximizing
z1VXle_v_Fg-00136-00027416-00027646 this time at home right as much as you
z1VXle_v_Fg-00137-00027647-00027870 can
z1VXle_v_Fg-00138-00027872-00028118 so let's talk about your music how did
z1VXle_v_Fg-00139-00028119-00028358 tempt get started
z1VXle_v_Fg-00140-00028360-00028590 tim started uh with me and harrison we
z1VXle_v_Fg-00141-00028591-00028695 met about
z1VXle_v_Fg-00142-00028695-00028974 five or six years ago um we we started
z1VXle_v_Fg-00143-00028975-00029102 the band but the problem was we were
z1VXle_v_Fg-00144-00029104-00029295 both in college so we weren't able to
z1VXle_v_Fg-00145-00029295-00029639 fully uh devote ourselves to it um
z1VXle_v_Fg-00146-00029639-00029790 so once we were done with college we
z1VXle_v_Fg-00147-00029791-00029943 brought on these guys chris
z1VXle_v_Fg-00148-00029944-00030143 and nick over here and they really
z1VXle_v_Fg-00149-00030144-00030318 rounded out the group and we've
z1VXle_v_Fg-00150-00030319-00030495 all four of us have been together what
z1VXle_v_Fg-00151-00030495-00030614 do you say it's been two and a half
z1VXle_v_Fg-00152-00030616-00030790 years it's a solid two and a half years
z1VXle_v_Fg-00153-00030791-00030951 that we've been fully committed to doing
z1VXle_v_Fg-00154-00030952-00031151 this so like zach said we were
z1VXle_v_Fg-00155-00031152-00031335 you know we hooked up in college and we
z1VXle_v_Fg-00156-00031336-00031502 wrote songs together and we actually
z1VXle_v_Fg-00157-00031503-00031646 played a few shows together but it
z1VXle_v_Fg-00158-00031647-00031695 wasn't
z1VXle_v_Fg-00159-00031695-00031974 a serious pursuit until we got these
z1VXle_v_Fg-00160-00031975-00032527 guys involved so
z1VXle_v_Fg-00161-00032527-00032839 excellent awesome awesome so uh
z1VXle_v_Fg-00162-00032840-00033055 let's let's jump into the music man i'm
z1VXle_v_Fg-00163-00033056-00033255 i'm excited to hear some music uh
z1VXle_v_Fg-00164-00033256-00033399 you saying that you're shooting a video
z1VXle_v_Fg-00165-00033400-00033607 for a living dangerously
z1VXle_v_Fg-00166-00033608-00033823 tomorrow that's right living dangerous
z1VXle_v_Fg-00167-00033824-00033943 we're shooting tomorrow
z1VXle_v_Fg-00168-00033944-00034111 so uh and it's going to be our first
z1VXle_v_Fg-00169-00034112-00034239 single it's actually going to be
z1VXle_v_Fg-00170-00034240-00034295 featured
z1VXle_v_Fg-00171-00034296-00034535 in the better noise film titled the uh
z1VXle_v_Fg-00172-00034536-00034687 retaliators which will be coming out
z1VXle_v_Fg-00173-00034688-00034823 later this month
z1VXle_v_Fg-00174-00034824-00035046 so it'll be in that movie we're super
z1VXle_v_Fg-00175-00035047-00035199 excited the video is going to be really
z1VXle_v_Fg-00176-00035200-00035327 fun and we're excited to share it with
z1VXle_v_Fg-00177-00035328-00035671 you guys awesome awesome so
z1VXle_v_Fg-00178-00035672-00035823 this is kind of like a world premiere so
z1VXle_v_Fg-00179-00035824-00035951 i got to give you the world premiere
z1VXle_v_Fg-00180-00035952-00035999 music
z1VXle_v_Fg-00181-00036000-00036271 i mean the sound sound bite right give
z1VXle_v_Fg-00182-00036272-00036374 it give it to us
z1VXle_v_Fg-00183-00036375-00036702 okay prepare
z1VXle_v_Fg-00184-00036703-00038758 world premiere
z1VXle_v_Fg-00185-00038759-00040332 [Music]
z1VXle_v_Fg-00186-00040333-00040383 [Applause]
z1VXle_v_Fg-00187-00040384-00040695 [Music]
z1VXle_v_Fg-00188-00040696-00042268 it fingers much
z1VXle_v_Fg-00189-00042269-00043483 [Music]
z1VXle_v_Fg-00190-00043484-00043692 oh
z1VXle_v_Fg-00191-00043693-00044883 [Music]
z1VXle_v_Fg-00192-00044884-00045121 uh
z1VXle_v_Fg-00193-00045122-00045830 [Music]
z1VXle_v_Fg-00194-00045831-00046397 it is
z1VXle_v_Fg-00195-00046398-00046846 [Music]
z1VXle_v_Fg-00196-00046847-00047887 cause i'm always
z1VXle_v_Fg-00197-00047888-00047948 [Applause]
z1VXle_v_Fg-00198-00047949-00049700 [Music]
z1VXle_v_Fg-00199-00049701-00050483 [Music]
z1VXle_v_Fg-00200-00050484-00050725 oh
z1VXle_v_Fg-00202-00054755-00055126 [Laughter]
z1VXle_v_Fg-00203-00055127-00056403 gotta live a little dangerous
z1VXle_v_Fg-00204-00056404-00056926 [Music]
z1VXle_v_Fg-00205-00056927-00057210 hello the internet
z1VXle_v_Fg-00206-00057211-00057430 [Music]
z1VXle_v_Fg-00207-00057432-00057946 come on
z1VXle_v_Fg-00208-00057947-00060111 [Music]
z1VXle_v_Fg-00209-00060112-00060504 your eyes
z1VXle_v_Fg-00210-00060504-00060537 [Music]
z1VXle_v_Fg-00211-00060538-00060842 [Applause]
z1VXle_v_Fg-00212-00060844-00061926 [Music]
z1VXle_v_Fg-00213-00061927-00062175 oh my gosh i loved it oh that is awesome
z1VXle_v_Fg-00214-00062176-00062254 that is
z1VXle_v_Fg-00215-00062255-00062463 amazing thank you you gotta live a
z1VXle_v_Fg-00216-00062464-00062647 little dangerous man
z1VXle_v_Fg-00217-00062648-00062942 that's right i feel like it's not a good
z1VXle_v_Fg-00218-00062944-00063247 song to be playing during the
z1VXle_v_Fg-00219-00063248-00063423 hey i'm doing my i'm doing my interview
z1VXle_v_Fg-00220-00063424-00063591 without my mask on so that's me living a
z1VXle_v_Fg-00221-00063591-00063654 little bit
z1VXle_v_Fg-00222-00063655-00063966 right now i'm
z1VXle_v_Fg-00223-00063967-00064166 kind of known as for being like a
z1VXle_v_Fg-00224-00064167-00064399 rules-y kind of person like i follow the
z1VXle_v_Fg-00225-00064400-00064503 rules so
z1VXle_v_Fg-00226-00064504-00064694 i'm not one to live dangerous but i
z1VXle_v_Fg-00227-00064695-00064871 really really did like that song a lot
z1VXle_v_Fg-00228-00064872-00065047 like i was cheer dancing that was great
z1VXle_v_Fg-00229-00065048-00065159 that was really good
z1VXle_v_Fg-00230-00065160-00065366 and you're dancing cheer dancing yeah
z1VXle_v_Fg-00231-00065367-00065519 you don't want to see that that's behind
z1VXle_v_Fg-00232-00065520-00065615 the scenes um
z1VXle_v_Fg-00233-00065616-00065871 but you're getting a lot of likes and
z1VXle_v_Fg-00234-00065872-00065919 love
z1VXle_v_Fg-00235-00065920-00066199 on our facebook page right now we have
z1VXle_v_Fg-00236-00066200-00066263 um
z1VXle_v_Fg-00237-00066264-00066423 yeah you have people watching from all
z1VXle_v_Fg-00238-00066424-00066606 over the world including
z1VXle_v_Fg-00239-00066607-00066935 our friends at army family and mwr
z1VXle_v_Fg-00240-00066936-00067255 programs they said hello and that they
z1VXle_v_Fg-00241-00067256-00067343 are sharing
z1VXle_v_Fg-00242-00067344-00067631 this on their facebook page celia
z1VXle_v_Fg-00243-00067632-00067863 anthony is watching she says oh
z1VXle_v_Fg-00244-00067864-00068119 yeah rocket she says live it dangerous
z1VXle_v_Fg-00245-00068120-00068191 sounds
z1VXle_v_Fg-00246-00068192-00068567 great gaining some new fans
z1VXle_v_Fg-00247-00068568-00069263 out there hell yeah
z1VXle_v_Fg-00248-00069264-00069526 excellent and we've spent some time
z1VXle_v_Fg-00249-00069527-00069679 listening to your music
z1VXle_v_Fg-00250-00069680-00069959 definitely getting a 1980s rock vibe
z1VXle_v_Fg-00251-00069960-00070015 from you
z1VXle_v_Fg-00252-00070016-00070191 and we've enjoyed your def leopard
z1VXle_v_Fg-00253-00070192-00070343 covers too so
z1VXle_v_Fg-00254-00070344-00070694 who has inspired you musically
z1VXle_v_Fg-00255-00070695-00071015 so many people yeah i mean
z1VXle_v_Fg-00256-00071016-00071303 we're all um you know musicians at heart
z1VXle_v_Fg-00257-00071304-00071487 and we're into our instruments and
z1VXle_v_Fg-00258-00071488-00071775 and writing so obviously we look to some
z1VXle_v_Fg-00259-00071776-00071887 of the greats
z1VXle_v_Fg-00260-00071888-00072062 of the past for that inspiration because
z1VXle_v_Fg-00261-00072063-00072271 if you play guitar or bass or drums
z1VXle_v_Fg-00262-00072272-00072479 that's where kind of the pinnacle
z1VXle_v_Fg-00263-00072480-00072703 of that type of music comes from of
z1VXle_v_Fg-00264-00072704-00072791 performance
z1VXle_v_Fg-00265-00072792-00072982 so we definitely draw some inspiration
z1VXle_v_Fg-00266-00072983-00073126 um from those
z1VXle_v_Fg-00267-00073127-00073279 uh those bands but we're really trying
z1VXle_v_Fg-00268-00073280-00073447 to bring rock back
z1VXle_v_Fg-00269-00073448-00073631 into you know the 21st century with the
z1VXle_v_Fg-00270-00073632-00073791 new sound and modern sound
z1VXle_v_Fg-00271-00073792-00074111 and bring back band-driven uh acts so
z1VXle_v_Fg-00272-00074112-00074294 that's really what we're about
z1VXle_v_Fg-00273-00074295-00074694 you said it that's awesome awesome
z1VXle_v_Fg-00274-00074695-00074862 so we'd love to hear another song can
z1VXle_v_Fg-00275-00074863-00075143 you tell us about your uh song two ways
z1VXle_v_Fg-00276-00075144-00075399 yeah actually we can uh so um this is
z1VXle_v_Fg-00277-00075400-00075567 gonna be the second single off of our
z1VXle_v_Fg-00278-00075568-00075615 album
z1VXle_v_Fg-00279-00075616-00075799 uh which is going to be most likely
z1VXle_v_Fg-00280-00075800-00075959 coming out the first quarter of
z1VXle_v_Fg-00281-00075960-00076223 2021 uh we're also shooting a music
z1VXle_v_Fg-00282-00076224-00076391 video for that coming up
z1VXle_v_Fg-00283-00076392-00076606 uh two ways is one of the first songs
z1VXle_v_Fg-00284-00076607-00076750 that we kind of all got together and
z1VXle_v_Fg-00285-00076751-00076871 wrote and um
z1VXle_v_Fg-00286-00076872-00078408 let's do it let's go
z1VXle_v_Fg-00287-00078409-00079694 [Music]
z1VXle_v_Fg-00288-00079695-00080102 you'll never get another
z1VXle_v_Fg-00289-00080103-00081282 [Music]
z1VXle_v_Fg-00290-00081283-00081438 oh
z1VXle_v_Fg-00291-00081439-00082053 [Music]
z1VXle_v_Fg-00292-00082054-00083686 [Music]
z1VXle_v_Fg-00293-00083687-00083991 [Music]
z1VXle_v_Fg-00294-00083992-00084615 baby so
z1VXle_v_Fg-00295-00084616-00085618 for me
z1VXle_v_Fg-00296-00085619-00086882 [Music]
z1VXle_v_Fg-00297-00086883-00087023 me
z1VXle_v_Fg-00298-00087024-00088007 [Music]
z1VXle_v_Fg-00299-00088008-00088282 [Music]
z1VXle_v_Fg-00300-00088283-00089067 oh
z1VXle_v_Fg-00301-00089068-00089627 [Music]
z1VXle_v_Fg-00302-00089628-00090103 [Music]
z1VXle_v_Fg-00303-00090104-00091226 for me
z1VXle_v_Fg-00304-00091227-00092415 [Music]
z1VXle_v_Fg-00305-00092416-00092926 oh there's only two ways baby
z1VXle_v_Fg-00306-00092927-00093382 there's only two ways
z1VXle_v_Fg-00307-00093383-00094191 there's only two ways to
z1VXle_v_Fg-00308-00094192-00096393 [Music]
z1VXle_v_Fg-00309-00096394-00097509 [Music]
z1VXle_v_Fg-00310-00097510-00098126 [Applause]
z1VXle_v_Fg-00311-00098127-00098350 oh man that was awesome awesome that was
z1VXle_v_Fg-00312-00098351-00098511 super
z1VXle_v_Fg-00313-00098512-00099015 two ways that's what i'm talking about
z1VXle_v_Fg-00314-00099016-00099159 nick almost hit me with a drumstick so
z1VXle_v_Fg-00315-00099160-00099750 that was fun yeah oh
z1VXle_v_Fg-00316-00099751-00099967 getting wild over there i know you're
z1VXle_v_Fg-00317-00099968-00100103 living dangerously over that's what
z1VXle_v_Fg-00318-00100104-00100191 you're doing
z1VXle_v_Fg-00319-00100192-00100574 that's right
z1VXle_v_Fg-00320-00100575-00100782 there you go that was fantastic you guys
z1VXle_v_Fg-00321-00100783-00100918 are still getting
z1VXle_v_Fg-00322-00100919-00101111 incredible reception with our live
z1VXle_v_Fg-00323-00101112-00101294 stream so thank you for that
z1VXle_v_Fg-00324-00101295-00101479 um i think everybody kind of wants to
z1VXle_v_Fg-00325-00101480-00101647 know what's ahead for y'all um
z1VXle_v_Fg-00326-00101648-00101894 understand you've mentioned a new record
z1VXle_v_Fg-00327-00101895-00102231 when can we when can we expect that
z1VXle_v_Fg-00328-00102232-00102486 um so yes we do have a new record it's
z1VXle_v_Fg-00329-00102488-00102654 ready it's mixed it's mastered it's all
z1VXle_v_Fg-00330-00102655-00102710 done
z1VXle_v_Fg-00331-00102711-00102918 um we just don't know exactly when we're
z1VXle_v_Fg-00332-00102919-00103030 gonna release it it would have been
z1VXle_v_Fg-00333-00103031-00103127 released this year
z1VXle_v_Fg-00334-00103128-00103302 had it not been for the pandemic so
z1VXle_v_Fg-00335-00103303-00103447 we're probably looking at
z1VXle_v_Fg-00336-00103448-00103734 early 2021 for the album release um make
z1VXle_v_Fg-00337-00103735-00103871 sure to check out our single living
z1VXle_v_Fg-00338-00103872-00104006 dangerous it's going to be in the
z1VXle_v_Fg-00339-00104007-00104182 retaliators movie coming out the better
z1VXle_v_Fg-00340-00104183-00104342 noise film shout out
z1VXle_v_Fg-00341-00104343-00104518 um our second single will be two ways
z1VXle_v_Fg-00342-00104519-00104647 the song you just heard so that will be
z1VXle_v_Fg-00343-00104648-00104758 coming out shortly
z1VXle_v_Fg-00344-00104759-00104951 we also have a single already out called
z1VXle_v_Fg-00345-00104952-00105151 hot summer dreams it was on the better
z1VXle_v_Fg-00346-00105152-00105254 noise music
z1VXle_v_Fg-00347-00105255-00105454 summer compilation album called endless
z1VXle_v_Fg-00348-00105455-00105686 summer so you can see that everywhere
z1VXle_v_Fg-00349-00105688-00105902 we'll be continuing to do live shows
z1VXle_v_Fg-00350-00105903-00106039 virtual live shows
z1VXle_v_Fg-00351-00106040-00106199 as much as we can during this pandemic
z1VXle_v_Fg-00352-00106200-00106383 so definitely stay tuned where can they
z1VXle_v_Fg-00353-00106383-00106510 find those live shows
z1VXle_v_Fg-00354-00106511-00106631 where can they find their live shows
z1VXle_v_Fg-00355-00106632-00106790 that's a that's a good uh good question
z1VXle_v_Fg-00356-00106791-00106999 harrison
z1VXle_v_Fg-00357-00107000-00107175 you can find us on all social media
z1VXle_v_Fg-00358-00107176-00107375 channels so facebook twitter instagram
z1VXle_v_Fg-00359-00107376-00107439 youtube
z1VXle_v_Fg-00360-00107440-00107623 it's temptband so what's written on
z1VXle_v_Fg-00361-00107624-00107775 there tempt
z1VXle_v_Fg-00362-00107776-00108023 followed by band we are there everywhere
z1VXle_v_Fg-00363-00108024-00108271 post fun content for you guys
z1VXle_v_Fg-00364-00108272-00108719 so definitely stay tuned follow us
z1VXle_v_Fg-00365-00108720-00109047 good
z1VXle_v_Fg-00366-00109048-00109254 good and you guys have kind of already
z1VXle_v_Fg-00367-00109255-00109399 mentioned um
z1VXle_v_Fg-00368-00109400-00109710 but how are you staying connected um
z1VXle_v_Fg-00369-00109711-00109927 with your fans during this pandemic i
z1VXle_v_Fg-00370-00109928-00110102 know you've said you have live shows and
z1VXle_v_Fg-00371-00110103-00110310 that's why you created the studio but
z1VXle_v_Fg-00372-00110311-00110583 what days what times where where is that
z1VXle_v_Fg-00373-00110583-00110758 where can they find it
z1VXle_v_Fg-00374-00110759-00110951 well um you know because we're shooting
z1VXle_v_Fg-00375-00110952-00111119 these videos um
z1VXle_v_Fg-00376-00111120-00111271 and we're doing a couple other things
z1VXle_v_Fg-00377-00111272-00111447 right now uh
z1VXle_v_Fg-00378-00111448-00111695 some we're kind of gonna wait to just
z1VXle_v_Fg-00379-00111696-00111863 finish that and then we'll be posting
z1VXle_v_Fg-00380-00111864-00112031 everything on our facebook
z1VXle_v_Fg-00381-00112032-00112263 including um the new live show it's
z1VXle_v_Fg-00382-00112264-00112454 gonna really be once a month i think so
z1VXle_v_Fg-00383-00112455-00112615 the last one we did was in august
z1VXle_v_Fg-00384-00112616-00112743 and we're planning on doing another one
z1VXle_v_Fg-00385-00112744-00112927 of those at the end of the month um
z1VXle_v_Fg-00386-00112928-00113175 and then for all the other things um
z1VXle_v_Fg-00387-00113176-00113358 anything special we're doing like zach
z1VXle_v_Fg-00388-00113359-00113423 said
z1VXle_v_Fg-00389-00113424-00113623 um just tune in to our facebook page and
z1VXle_v_Fg-00390-00113624-00113790 we'll be posting everything there
z1VXle_v_Fg-00391-00113791-00114239 yes
z1VXle_v_Fg-00392-00114240-00114558 awesome so as you know we have soldiers
z1VXle_v_Fg-00393-00114559-00114783 airmen sailors marines coasties and
z1VXle_v_Fg-00394-00114783-00114999 military families watching uh do you
z1VXle_v_Fg-00395-00115000-00115183 have any like words of inspiration or
z1VXle_v_Fg-00396-00115183-00115239 thanks
z1VXle_v_Fg-00397-00115240-00115543 for all our heroes out there absolutely
z1VXle_v_Fg-00398-00115544-00115590 i mean
z1VXle_v_Fg-00399-00115591-00115734 as i said at the beginning of this this
z1VXle_v_Fg-00400-00115735-00115878 is a complete honor for us to be doing
z1VXle_v_Fg-00401-00115879-00115966 this and we are so
z1VXle_v_Fg-00402-00115967-00116134 appreciative that you guys are having us
z1VXle_v_Fg-00403-00116135-00116278 um the sacrifice
z1VXle_v_Fg-00404-00116279-00116527 that you guys all make and your families
z1VXle_v_Fg-00405-00116528-00116695 is just uh so tremendous
z1VXle_v_Fg-00406-00116696-00116878 and you are the reason that we are able
z1VXle_v_Fg-00407-00116879-00117095 to live in such a great country
z1VXle_v_Fg-00408-00117096-00117327 as we are living in right now and having
z1VXle_v_Fg-00409-00117328-00117478 all the freedom we have so
z1VXle_v_Fg-00410-00117479-00117710 we cannot be more thankful to all of you
z1VXle_v_Fg-00411-00117711-00117878 um in service for
z1VXle_v_Fg-00412-00117879-00118127 um for doing what you do we appreciate
z1VXle_v_Fg-00413-00118128-00118254 it more than you even know
z1VXle_v_Fg-00414-00118255-00118399 and i know i can speak on behalf of all
z1VXle_v_Fg-00415-00118400-00118583 of us when i say that
z1VXle_v_Fg-00416-00118583-00118807 you guys are the real heroes and once
z1VXle_v_Fg-00417-00118808-00118983 this pandemic's over like i said we want
z1VXle_v_Fg-00418-00118983-00119127 to come and actually play for all of you
z1VXle_v_Fg-00419-00119128-00119223 guys
z1VXle_v_Fg-00420-00119224-00119478 we would love that so if we can set that
z1VXle_v_Fg-00421-00119479-00119623 up when this is all cleared up that
z1VXle_v_Fg-00422-00119624-00119839 would be fantastic
z1VXle_v_Fg-00423-00119840-00120031 that would mean a lot to the troops for
z1VXle_v_Fg-00424-00120032-00120223 sure that'd be terrific
z1VXle_v_Fg-00425-00120224-00120447 of course we are more than happy to do
z1VXle_v_Fg-00426-00120448-00120623 it i also wanted to give a quick
z1VXle_v_Fg-00427-00120624-00120854 shout out to my good friend uh francis
z1VXle_v_Fg-00428-00120855-00121007 who's a captain in the 10th mountain
z1VXle_v_Fg-00429-00121008-00121151 division so
z1VXle_v_Fg-00430-00121152-00121286 just wanted to get that in there shout
z1VXle_v_Fg-00431-00121288-00121558 out francis thank you francis
z1VXle_v_Fg-00432-00121559-00121883 all right francis francis hope you're
z1VXle_v_Fg-00433-00121883-00122031 watching a friend of mine in the
z1VXle_v_Fg-00434-00122032-00122102 military
z1VXle_v_Fg-00435-00122103-00122407 since high school um kevin gonzalez kev
z1VXle_v_Fg-00436-00122408-00122566 if you're out there
z1VXle_v_Fg-00437-00122567-00122839 hello and thank you he's actually one of
z1VXle_v_Fg-00438-00122840-00122919 the
z1VXle_v_Fg-00439-00122920-00123071 few people that actually got me into
z1VXle_v_Fg-00440-00123072-00123439 playing music so i think
z1VXle_v_Fg-00441-00123440-00123902 oh thanks kevin yeah got a great night
z1VXle_v_Fg-00442-00123903-00124239 [Laughter]
z1VXle_v_Fg-00443-00124240-00124495 you're ready so guys i think we have
z1VXle_v_Fg-00444-00124496-00124663 time for one more song and
z1VXle_v_Fg-00445-00124664-00124863 the title is certainly going to resonate
z1VXle_v_Fg-00446-00124864-00125054 with the military for sure
z1VXle_v_Fg-00447-00125055-00125214 but tell us the meaning behind
z1VXle_v_Fg-00448-00125215-00125854 camouflage
z1VXle_v_Fg-00449-00125855-00125990 this is one of the songs i thought it
z1VXle_v_Fg-00450-00125991-00126254 was just it's a cool name for a song um
z1VXle_v_Fg-00451-00126255-00126390 it's got a lot of different meanings and
z1VXle_v_Fg-00452-00126391-00126543 obviously one of them applies
z1VXle_v_Fg-00453-00126544-00126751 to the military but it's it's just a fun
z1VXle_v_Fg-00454-00126752-00126951 song and it's kind of about you know
z1VXle_v_Fg-00455-00126952-00127119 it's kind of about hiding who you are
z1VXle_v_Fg-00456-00127120-00127471 until the right moment there you go
z1VXle_v_Fg-00457-00127472-00128271 that's of course of course
z1VXle_v_Fg-00458-00128272-00128575 let's hear it all right absolutely
z1VXle_v_Fg-00459-00128576-00129272 thank you guys again
z1VXle_v_Fg-00460-00129273-00130283 [Music]
z1VXle_v_Fg-00461-00130283-00130400 so
z1VXle_v_Fg-00462-00130401-00130954 [Music]
z1VXle_v_Fg-00463-00130955-00133083 [Music]
z1VXle_v_Fg-00464-00133084-00133671 fight
z1VXle_v_Fg-00465-00133672-00134896 because i got my disguise
z1VXle_v_Fg-00466-00134897-00135487 [Music]
z1VXle_v_Fg-00467-00135488-00136068 for the best
z1VXle_v_Fg-00468-00136069-00137283 [Music]
z1VXle_v_Fg-00469-00137284-00137819 i'm
z1VXle_v_Fg-00470-00137820-00138683 [Music]
z1VXle_v_Fg-00471-00138684-00139602 she's
z1VXle_v_Fg-00472-00139603-00140725 [Music]
z1VXle_v_Fg-00473-00140726-00141487 [Music]
z1VXle_v_Fg-00474-00141488-00141693 for best
z1VXle_v_Fg-00475-00141694-00143409 [Music]
z1VXle_v_Fg-00476-00143410-00143813 [Applause]
z1VXle_v_Fg-00477-00143814-00145302 [Music]
z1VXle_v_Fg-00478-00145303-00145454 so this is normally the time in the show
z1VXle_v_Fg-00479-00145455-00145687 where i ask people to clap with me
z1VXle_v_Fg-00480-00145688-00145831 since we're virtual i think we can all
z1VXle_v_Fg-00481-00145832-00145989 do it together
z1VXle_v_Fg-00482-00145990-00147083 [Music]
z1VXle_v_Fg-00483-00147084-00147769 camouflage
z1VXle_v_Fg-00484-00147770-00148546 [Music]
z1VXle_v_Fg-00485-00148547-00149883 [Music]
z1VXle_v_Fg-00486-00149884-00150136 now
z1VXle_v_Fg-00487-00150137-00150226 [Applause]
z1VXle_v_Fg-00488-00150227-00151029 [Music]
z1VXle_v_Fg-00489-00151030-00151320 [Applause]
z1VXle_v_Fg-00490-00151321-00152683 [Music]
z1VXle_v_Fg-00491-00152684-00153319 yes
z1VXle_v_Fg-00492-00153320-00153687 hey that was i felt the claps there i
z1VXle_v_Fg-00493-00153688-00153751 felt it
z1VXle_v_Fg-00494-00153752-00154087 oh man i was i was chair dancing like
z1VXle_v_Fg-00495-00154088-00154263 nobody's business
z1VXle_v_Fg-00496-00154264-00154607 i love it wow
z1VXle_v_Fg-00497-00154608-00154943 thank you guys so much um celia anthony
z1VXle_v_Fg-00498-00154944-00154990 says
z1VXle_v_Fg-00499-00154991-00155254 sounds awesome and she's giving you guys
z1VXle_v_Fg-00500-00155255-00155663 claps as well
z1VXle_v_Fg-00501-00155664-00156047 are you cheer dancing too i bet you were
z1VXle_v_Fg-00502-00156048-00156287 and judd is sending some claps to you
z1VXle_v_Fg-00503-00156288-00156439 guys as well
z1VXle_v_Fg-00504-00156440-00156911 awesome love the claps
z1VXle_v_Fg-00505-00156912-00157159 so before we say goodbye guys can you
z1VXle_v_Fg-00506-00157160-00157239 remind us
z1VXle_v_Fg-00507-00157240-00157478 where can viewers go to learn more about
z1VXle_v_Fg-00508-00157479-00157663 you and your music hit us up with your
z1VXle_v_Fg-00509-00157664-00157807 socials one more time
z1VXle_v_Fg-00510-00157808-00158063 absolutely so um everywhere it will be
z1VXle_v_Fg-00511-00158064-00158419 tempt banned so that's facebook.com
z1VXle_v_Fg-00512-00158420-00158666 temptband.instagram.com
z1VXle_v_Fg-00513-00158667-00158931 temptbandtwitter.comtemptman hey nick
z1VXle_v_Fg-00514-00158932-00159259 youtube.com and our website is
z1VXle_v_Fg-00515-00159260-00159390 temptband.com
z1VXle_v_Fg-00516-00159391-00159566 please visit us there we are always
z1VXle_v_Fg-00517-00159567-00159695 posting fun stuff
z1VXle_v_Fg-00518-00159696-00159847 and we will definitely keep you guys
z1VXle_v_Fg-00519-00159848-00160126 updated of everything that's going on
z1VXle_v_Fg-00520-00160127-00160502 love it so zach harrison nick chris man
z1VXle_v_Fg-00521-00160503-00160599 it's been a true
z1VXle_v_Fg-00522-00160600-00160783 pleasure and honor to have you with us
z1VXle_v_Fg-00523-00160784-00160926 today uh
z1VXle_v_Fg-00524-00160927-00161087 you definitely are a remarkable talent
z1VXle_v_Fg-00525-00161088-00161239 and thank you for spending so much
z1VXle_v_Fg-00526-00161240-00161375 spending time with us to boost our
z1VXle_v_Fg-00527-00161376-00161575 spirits of our military communities
z1VXle_v_Fg-00528-00161576-00161719 around the globe man
z1VXle_v_Fg-00529-00161720-00161919 we wish you all the best and if you guys
z1VXle_v_Fg-00530-00161920-00162102 can hang on for a second after the
z1VXle_v_Fg-00531-00162103-00162302 after the interview that'll be great
z1VXle_v_Fg-00532-00162303-00162407 absolutely it's our prayer
z1VXle_v_Fg-00533-00162408-00162711 it's our pleasure we will all right
z1VXle_v_Fg-00534-00162712-00163023 again have a good one thank you
z1VXle_v_Fg-00535-00163024-00163488 take care chief chat out
z1czfXn3-IM-00000-00000583-00000671 okay so
z1czfXn3-IM-00001-00000672-00000983 um i think
z1czfXn3-IM-00002-00000984-00001366 we already know what to do at least
z1czfXn3-IM-00003-00001367-00001855 our goal was to make the edit button
z1czfXn3-IM-00004-00001855-00002167 working well and
z1czfXn3-IM-00005-00002168-00002471 like we said we had
z1czfXn3-IM-00006-00002472-00002863 several places to to modify
z1czfXn3-IM-00007-00002864-00003039 trying to build on top of what we
z1czfXn3-IM-00008-00003040-00003319 already have as much as possible
z1czfXn3-IM-00009-00003320-00003711 so let's go to the code
z1czfXn3-IM-00010-00003711-00004038 and see first of all
z1czfXn3-IM-00011-00004039-00004486 we need to show the the edit button
z1czfXn3-IM-00012-00004487-00004759 when when the user sorry show the form
z1czfXn3-IM-00013-00004760-00005006 when the user clicks on the edit button
z1czfXn3-IM-00014-00005007-00005302 so right now we have a path here and in
z1czfXn3-IM-00015-00005303-00005470 this part we could uh
z1czfXn3-IM-00016-00005471-00005791 of course render some exam form here but
z1czfXn3-IM-00017-00005792-00006054 first of all we need to go to this path
z1czfXn3-IM-00018-00006055-00006383 so for going to this path we need to uh
z1czfXn3-IM-00019-00006384-00006703 turn the edit button into a link
z1czfXn3-IM-00020-00006704-00007031 so that this will link to this to this
z1czfXn3-IM-00021-00007031-00007175 route basically
z1czfXn3-IM-00022-00007176-00007455 so we go there where we are rendering
z1czfXn3-IM-00023-00007456-00007751 the exam controls
z1czfXn3-IM-00024-00007752-00008063 right now we add the uh let's
z1czfXn3-IM-00025-00008064-00008246 break it into lines so that it's more
z1czfXn3-IM-00026-00008247-00008374 readable
z1czfXn3-IM-00027-00008375-00008735 we have one cell that contains
z1czfXn3-IM-00028-00008736-00009103 just the edit icon and the delete icon
z1czfXn3-IM-00029-00009104-00009327 with this action okay so we need to
z1czfXn3-IM-00030-00009328-00009542 modify right now the edit icon is just
z1czfXn3-IM-00031-00009543-00009783 uh you know displayed without any
z1czfXn3-IM-00032-00009784-00010103 any other um action
z1czfXn3-IM-00033-00010104-00010423 we can wrap that into a link that goes
z1czfXn3-IM-00034-00010424-00010687 to
z1czfXn3-IM-00035-00010688-00011287 to water to update
z1czfXn3-IM-00036-00011288-00012055 okay so this transformed into a link
z1czfXn3-IM-00037-00012056-00012446 yeah there
z1czfXn3-IM-00038-00012447-00012838 okay so right now uh
z1czfXn3-IM-00039-00012839-00013143 if we we look at the application the the
z1czfXn3-IM-00040-00013144-00013391 the orange button
z1czfXn3-IM-00041-00013391-00013655 is working actually it's going to update
z1czfXn3-IM-00042-00013656-00013830 the problem is that update is currently
z1czfXn3-IM-00043-00013831-00013927 empty
z1czfXn3-IM-00044-00013928-00014247 okay but we can check that so first of
z1czfXn3-IM-00045-00014247-00014286 all
z1czfXn3-IM-00046-00014287-00014535 let's go i have a mechanism for going to
z1czfXn3-IM-00047-00014536-00014647 the code
z1czfXn3-IM-00048-00014647-00014958 to the to the page then since we are in
z1czfXn3-IM-00049-00014959-00015135 the page we should render something so
z1czfXn3-IM-00050-00015136-00015335 inside the route here
z1czfXn3-IM-00051-00015336-00015958 we add an exam form
z1czfXn3-IM-00052-00015959-00016238 that may we may basically copy from from
z1czfXn3-IM-00053-00016240-00016358 above
z1czfXn3-IM-00054-00016359-00016886 so we have the courses
z1czfXn3-IM-00055-00016887-00017103 we may have uh remember that we had this
z1czfXn3-IM-00056-00017104-00017247 filter operation
z1czfXn3-IM-00057-00017248-00017543 only to show those courses that are not
z1czfXn3-IM-00058-00017544-00017743 yet in the form
z1czfXn3-IM-00059-00017744-00018079 uh since we are updating the form uh
z1czfXn3-IM-00060-00018080-00018263 it's not it's not good because we
z1czfXn3-IM-00061-00018264-00018399 actually want to update
z1czfXn3-IM-00062-00018400-00018614 one course that is already in the form
z1czfXn3-IM-00063-00018615-00018758 so let's start from scratch from the
z1czfXn3-IM-00064-00018759-00019119 full list of courses
z1czfXn3-IM-00065-00019120-00019455 and then we have uh the exam form had
z1czfXn3-IM-00066-00019456-00019886 the second property is called at exam
z1czfXn3-IM-00067-00019887-00020303 it is probably not not
z1czfXn3-IM-00068-00020304-00020607 correct so we don't want to add exam
z1czfXn3-IM-00069-00020608-00021407 maybe we want to update some exam
z1czfXn3-IM-00070-00021408-00021639 and we we will have to define this
z1czfXn3-IM-00071-00021640-00021935 callback
z1czfXn3-IM-00072-00021936-00022191 so we want to call this component in two
z1czfXn3-IM-00073-00022192-00022358 different ways
z1czfXn3-IM-00074-00022359-00022663 one is for adding
z1czfXn3-IM-00075-00022664-00023055 and so we have another exam callback
z1czfXn3-IM-00076-00023056-00023271 or for updating exams so in that case we
z1czfXn3-IM-00077-00023272-00023567 will have an update exam callback
z1czfXn3-IM-00078-00023568-00023822 uh the problem is that the component
z1czfXn3-IM-00079-00023823-00023999 probably doesn't like to have two
z1czfXn3-IM-00080-00024000-00024135 different
z1czfXn3-IM-00081-00024136-00024463 props and check which one is which
z1czfXn3-IM-00082-00024464-00024775 okay uh we can
z1czfXn3-IM-00083-00024776-00024991 just call the component the property in
z1czfXn3-IM-00084-00024992-00025207 one way
z1czfXn3-IM-00085-00025208-00025535 so for example add or
z1czfXn3-IM-00086-00025536-00025918 update exam
z1czfXn3-IM-00087-00025919-00026318 and add or update exam so the property
z1czfXn3-IM-00088-00026319-00026702 for the component will be the same and
z1czfXn3-IM-00089-00026704-00027046 but the the actual callback
z1czfXn3-IM-00090-00027047-00027327 will be different so at the end of the
z1czfXn3-IM-00091-00027327-00027470 submission of the form
z1czfXn3-IM-00092-00027472-00027727 the component we just call add or update
z1czfXn3-IM-00093-00027727-00027902 exam
z1czfXn3-IM-00094-00027904-00028174 but the actual function that is called
z1czfXn3-IM-00095-00028175-00028311 will be another
z1czfXn3-IM-00096-00028312-00028535 function or an update function depending
z1czfXn3-IM-00097-00028536-00028718 on what kind of a
z1czfXn3-IM-00098-00028719-00029295 form i had implemented
z1czfXn3-IM-00099-00029295-00029639 so let's maybe create a stub before the
z1czfXn3-IM-00100-00029639-00029823 update exam so that we don't have the
z1czfXn3-IM-00101-00029824-00030007 syntax error
z1czfXn3-IM-00102-00030008-00030558 const update exam
z1czfXn3-IM-00103-00030560-00030943 new exam
z1czfXn3-IM-00104-00030944-00031118 and for the moment let's do let's don't
z1czfXn3-IM-00105-00031119-00031455 do anything okay
z1czfXn3-IM-00106-00031456-00032283 to do
z1czfXn3-IM-00107-00032283-00032583 okay
z1czfXn3-IM-00108-00032583-00032839 so and of course we need if we change
z1czfXn3-IM-00109-00032840-00032959 this property
z1czfXn3-IM-00110-00032960-00033279 we also need to change the callback that
z1czfXn3-IM-00111-00033280-00033415 is called inside the
z1czfXn3-IM-00112-00033416-00033823 exam form component so exam form
z1czfXn3-IM-00113-00033824-00034207 here we are we were calling a props dot
z1czfXn3-IM-00114-00034208-00034567 alt exam and they modify that with props
z1czfXn3-IM-00115-00034568-00034943 dot add or update exam
z1czfXn3-IM-00116-00034944-00035239 we so uh this is just an aesthetic
z1czfXn3-IM-00117-00035240-00035446 change okay
z1czfXn3-IM-00118-00035447-00035783 the form when it's validated when it's
z1czfXn3-IM-00119-00035784-00035846 saved
z1czfXn3-IM-00120-00035847-00036030 will call a function that will do
z1czfXn3-IM-00121-00036031-00036246 something with this new exam
z1czfXn3-IM-00122-00036247-00036439 so you can add it you can modify it you
z1czfXn3-IM-00123-00036440-00036599 can throw it away whatever
z1czfXn3-IM-00124-00036600-00036895 the the form doesn't know the form only
z1czfXn3-IM-00125-00036896-00037111 knows that when the data is valid
z1czfXn3-IM-00126-00037112-00037359 it should call this callback add or
z1czfXn3-IM-00127-00037360-00037479 update exam or
z1czfXn3-IM-00128-00037480-00037943 handle callback or whatever
z1czfXn3-IM-00129-00037944-00038118 because the actions that the form does
z1czfXn3-IM-00130-00038119-00038590 are basically the same
z1czfXn3-IM-00131-00038591-00038927 and also it will close after updating
z1czfXn3-IM-00132-00038928-00039079 so the behavior of the form is
z1czfXn3-IM-00133-00039080-00039455 practically the same
z1czfXn3-IM-00134-00039456-00039662 okay so let's check what we are doing
z1czfXn3-IM-00135-00039663-00039783 here
z1czfXn3-IM-00136-00039784-00039990 let's go back to the application we i go
z1czfXn3-IM-00137-00039991-00040223 to edit
z1czfXn3-IM-00138-00040224-00040430 right now i'm going to update to the
z1czfXn3-IM-00139-00040431-00040615 update url the update
z1czfXn3-IM-00140-00040616-00040918 will show the form we still have to
z1czfXn3-IM-00141-00040919-00041079 initialize the form with the correct
z1czfXn3-IM-00142-00041080-00041158 exam
z1czfXn3-IM-00143-00041159-00041399 it still has to be done but they can go
z1czfXn3-IM-00144-00041400-00041502 back
z1czfXn3-IM-00145-00041503-00041862 i can edit another one and that was web
z1czfXn3-IM-00146-00041863-00041983 applications
z1czfXn3-IM-00147-00041984-00042415 i want to have a maybe 19
z1czfXn3-IM-00148-00042416-00042702 on a different date the first of april
z1czfXn3-IM-00149-00042703-00042895 because it's a joke
z1czfXn3-IM-00150-00042896-00043102 and okay in this case when they save of
z1czfXn3-IM-00151-00043103-00043246 course they didn't change because we
z1czfXn3-IM-00152-00043247-00043383 still haven't
z1czfXn3-IM-00153-00043384-00043687 implemented the update method yet
z1czfXn3-IM-00154-00043688-00043943 okay but what we are doing is we are
z1czfXn3-IM-00155-00043944-00044071 passing an object
z1czfXn3-IM-00156-00044072-00044462 of type exam uh with after the
z1czfXn3-IM-00157-00044463-00044767 the request for updating it
z1czfXn3-IM-00158-00044768-00045039 so we have still two steps to go one is
z1czfXn3-IM-00159-00045040-00045302 to pre-initialize the form
z1czfXn3-IM-00160-00045303-00045518 and the second is to actually update the
z1czfXn3-IM-00161-00045519-00045623 data
z1czfXn3-IM-00162-00045624-00045935 in the in the
z1czfXn3-IM-00163-00045936-00046279 in the in the list of uh of the state
z1czfXn3-IM-00164-00046280-00046630 of the component state so first of all
z1czfXn3-IM-00165-00046631-00046751 initializing the form
z1czfXn3-IM-00166-00046752-00047158 it means that this component exam form
z1czfXn3-IM-00167-00047159-00047567 should receive some information about
z1czfXn3-IM-00168-00047568-00047902 the actual content of the row
z1czfXn3-IM-00169-00047903-00048446 that is trying to edit
z1czfXn3-IM-00170-00048447-00048671 how can we do that we can use the
z1czfXn3-IM-00171-00048672-00048799 location state
z1czfXn3-IM-00172-00048800-00049046 that we that the router provides us
z1czfXn3-IM-00173-00049047-00049255 because we are navigating to the exam
z1czfXn3-IM-00174-00049256-00049399 form
z1czfXn3-IM-00175-00049400-00049599 let's go back to where we are navigating
z1czfXn3-IM-00176-00049600-00049767 so it's in the
z1czfXn3-IM-00177-00049768-00050207 in the uh
z1czfXn3-IM-00178-00050208-00050502 exam controls component here where we
z1czfXn3-IM-00179-00050503-00050599 are linking to
z1czfXn3-IM-00180-00050600-00051015 update we could
z1czfXn3-IM-00181-00051016-00051254 link to an object that will contain some
z1czfXn3-IM-00182-00051255-00051342 information
z1czfXn3-IM-00183-00051344-00051742 about the current exam
z1czfXn3-IM-00184-00051744-00052094 so instead of having a link to
z1czfXn3-IM-00185-00052095-00052463 string we used we could the alternative
z1czfXn3-IM-00186-00052464-00052535 of
z1czfXn3-IM-00187-00052536-00052991 specifying an object this object
z1czfXn3-IM-00188-00052991-00053342 contains a property path name which is
z1czfXn3-IM-00189-00053344-00053719 actually update so right now
z1czfXn3-IM-00190-00053720-00053935 i just wrote the same thing with a
z1czfXn3-IM-00191-00053936-00054079 different syntax
z1czfXn3-IM-00192-00054079-00054366 instead of specifying a string as a two
z1czfXn3-IM-00193-00054367-00054566 destination and specifying an object
z1czfXn3-IM-00194-00054567-00054894 with the property path name okay so for
z1czfXn3-IM-00195-00054895-00055119 the moment i didn't change anything
z1czfXn3-IM-00196-00055120-00055311 it's totally equivalent but now i may
z1czfXn3-IM-00197-00055312-00055591 add a state
z1czfXn3-IM-00198-00055591-00056063 property second state property
z1czfXn3-IM-00199-00056064-00056335 in this object and that may contain
z1czfXn3-IM-00200-00056336-00056703 whatever you want
z1czfXn3-IM-00201-00056704-00056966 may contain maybe an exam property so
z1czfXn3-IM-00202-00056967-00057103 state is a new object
z1czfXn3-IM-00203-00057104-00057311 we in this object i can put the
z1czfXn3-IM-00204-00057312-00057463 information
z1czfXn3-IM-00205-00057464-00057942 that i want my destination to know
z1czfXn3-IM-00206-00057944-00058150 and my destination would be the update
z1czfXn3-IM-00207-00058151-00058311 route
z1czfXn3-IM-00208-00058312-00059238 the exam would be props dot exam
z1czfXn3-IM-00209-00059239-00059582 okay so what we are doing is
z1czfXn3-IM-00210-00059583-00059830 we are linking to update but in this
z1czfXn3-IM-00211-00059832-00060054 link operation we are also providing a
z1czfXn3-IM-00212-00060055-00060271 state object
z1czfXn3-IM-00213-00060272-00060638 this data will be recovered
z1czfXn3-IM-00214-00060639-00061030 from the location attribute
z1czfXn3-IM-00215-00061032-00061335 okay
z1czfXn3-IM-00216-00061336-00061687 so we'll be inside location dot state
z1czfXn3-IM-00217-00061688-00062015 dot exam i will have a copy of the exam
z1czfXn3-IM-00218-00062016-00062247 that represents the current role
z1czfXn3-IM-00219-00062248-00062582 and i can use that for populating the
z1czfXn3-IM-00220-00062583-00062647 form
z1czfXn3-IM-00221-00062648-00063038 at the beginning
z1czfXn3-IM-00222-00063039-00063342 so in this means that in the form we
z1czfXn3-IM-00223-00063344-00063447 should first of all
z1czfXn3-IM-00224-00063448-00063815 access the location
z1czfXn3-IM-00225-00063816-00064263 with the use location hook for example
z1czfXn3-IM-00226-00064264-00064782 which i think is the easiest way
z1czfXn3-IM-00227-00064783-00065159 and then check whether location state
z1czfXn3-IM-00228-00065160-00065494 is defined or not
z1czfXn3-IM-00229-00065495-00066119 if location state is defined
z1czfXn3-IM-00230-00066120-00066519 is defined means
z1czfXn3-IM-00231-00066520-00067167 that we are in a date mode
z1czfXn3-IM-00232-00067168-00067487 and location dot
z1czfXn3-IM-00233-00067488-00067815 state dot exam is the
z1czfXn3-IM-00234-00067816-00068167 started values
z1czfXn3-IM-00235-00068168-00068638 has the starting values
z1czfXn3-IM-00236-00068639-00069015 if location state
z1czfXn3-IM-00237-00069016-00069471 is undefined
z1czfXn3-IM-00238-00069472-00069855 and defined we are
z1czfXn3-IM-00239-00069856-00070391 in add mode
z1czfXn3-IM-00240-00070392-00070806 okay so by the presence or not of this
z1czfXn3-IM-00241-00070807-00070926 property we can
z1czfXn3-IM-00242-00070927-00071223 customize the behavior of the component
z1czfXn3-IM-00243-00071224-00071375 and basically
z1czfXn3-IM-00244-00071376-00071694 what we need to do is to change
z1czfXn3-IM-00245-00071695-00072087 the default value so the default value
z1czfXn3-IM-00246-00072088-00072271 for a course is empty
z1czfXn3-IM-00247-00072272-00072599 in add mode but should be the current
z1czfXn3-IM-00248-00072600-00072662 exam
z1czfXn3-IM-00249-00072663-00073150 in excel mode it's all in update mode
z1czfXn3-IM-00250-00073151-00073462 so we could use a ternary here say okay
z1czfXn3-IM-00251-00073463-00073871 location to state
z1czfXn3-IM-00252-00073872-00074294 is defined if yes then the default value
z1czfXn3-IM-00253-00074295-00074431 of course
z1czfXn3-IM-00254-00074432-00074959 would be the location.state.exam
z1czfXn3-IM-00255-00074960-00075415 dot course code otherwise
z1czfXn3-IM-00256-00075416-00075935 let it be empty
z1czfXn3-IM-00257-00075936-00076294 and the same for the score if
z1czfXn3-IM-00258-00076295-00076806 location.state is defined
z1czfXn3-IM-00259-00076807-00077119 then use the current store score for
z1czfXn3-IM-00260-00077120-00077247 initializing the form
z1czfXn3-IM-00261-00077248-00077606 location dot state dot exam
z1czfXn3-IM-00262-00077607-00078262 dot score otherwise start empty
z1czfXn3-IM-00263-00078263-00078679 and the same for the data location dot
z1czfXn3-IM-00264-00078680-00078982 state is defined then
z1czfXn3-IM-00265-00078983-00079287 use location state dot
z1czfXn3-IM-00266-00079288-00079655 exam dot data
z1czfXn3-IM-00267-00079656-00079935 just remember that data is a djs object
z1czfXn3-IM-00268-00079936-00080182 in our code so we must provide a string
z1czfXn3-IM-00269-00080183-00080503 for the form to work and so would be
z1czfXn3-IM-00270-00080504-00080894 we need to format the string with
z1czfXn3-IM-00271-00080895-00081423 the iso format
z1czfXn3-IM-00272-00081424-00081743 otherwise we start empty or we may start
z1czfXn3-IM-00273-00081744-00081894 with today's date for example
z1czfXn3-IM-00274-00081895-00082223 date yes
z1czfXn3-IM-00275-00082224-00082671 today dot format again
z1czfXn3-IM-00276-00082672-00083406 in the iso format
z1czfXn3-IM-00277-00083407-00083750 okay so basically what we are doing is
z1czfXn3-IM-00278-00083751-00084094 uh initializing the the state from which
z1czfXn3-IM-00279-00084095-00084279 the form is controlled remember we are
z1czfXn3-IM-00280-00084280-00084479 in a controlled form environment so the
z1czfXn3-IM-00281-00084480-00084703 form is controlled
z1czfXn3-IM-00282-00084704-00085055 because this the value of the different
z1czfXn3-IM-00283-00085056-00085175 form components
z1czfXn3-IM-00284-00085176-00085479 comes from a state variable we
z1czfXn3-IM-00285-00085480-00085687 we may set the beginning value of the
z1czfXn3-IM-00286-00085688-00085855 state variable the default value of the
z1czfXn3-IM-00287-00085856-00086150 variable by using the location.state
z1czfXn3-IM-00288-00086151-00086494 when the component is first constructed
z1czfXn3-IM-00289-00086495-00086743 remember we said before the break about
z1czfXn3-IM-00290-00086744-00086991 destroying and rebuilding the components
z1czfXn3-IM-00291-00086992-00087047 so it's
z1czfXn3-IM-00292-00087048-00087294 very important that this will only this
z1czfXn3-IM-00293-00087295-00087462 code will only be executed when we are
z1czfXn3-IM-00294-00087463-00087631 rebuilding the component okay
z1czfXn3-IM-00295-00087632-00087959 not when we are just updating some props
z1czfXn3-IM-00296-00087960-00088282 so let's see if i made some mistakes or
z1czfXn3-IM-00297-00088283-00088447 not
z1czfXn3-IM-00298-00088448-00088767 software engineering 27 24 may
z1czfXn3-IM-00299-00088768-00089111 i click on update
z1czfXn3-IM-00300-00089112-00089391 and my form is pre filled with software
z1czfXn3-IM-00301-00089392-00089462 engineering
z1czfXn3-IM-00302-00089463-00089887 25 27 24 of may
z1czfXn3-IM-00303-00089888-00090087 if i click on add of course the core the
z1czfXn3-IM-00304-00090088-00090471 form will start empty with today's date
z1czfXn3-IM-00305-00090472-00090759 if i check cloud computing i click on
z1czfXn3-IM-00306-00090760-00090831 edit
z1czfXn3-IM-00307-00090832-00091294 on the update button here 23 9 of april
z1czfXn3-IM-00308-00091295-00091687 23 9 of april cloud computing
z1czfXn3-IM-00309-00091688-00091967 okay so we are teleporting the current
z1czfXn3-IM-00310-00091968-00092167 divided value of the component in the
z1czfXn3-IM-00311-00092168-00092294 current row
z1czfXn3-IM-00312-00092295-00092543 to the other component through the
z1czfXn3-IM-00313-00092544-00092655 router
z1czfXn3-IM-00314-00092656-00092999 that we store it into location.state and
z1czfXn3-IM-00315-00093000-00093391 uh and it will be used
z1czfXn3-IM-00316-00093392-00093647 as the initial value of the form then we
z1czfXn3-IM-00317-00093648-00093750 can normally
z1czfXn3-IM-00318-00093751-00094094 work with the form modify it and when we
z1czfXn3-IM-00319-00094095-00094159 submit
z1czfXn3-IM-00320-00094160-00094431 we are calling this other update exam
z1czfXn3-IM-00321-00094432-00094494 that
z1czfXn3-IM-00322-00094495-00094774 we still have to implement remember is
z1czfXn3-IM-00323-00094775-00094959 not implemented yet so right now
z1czfXn3-IM-00324-00094960-00095255 it won't do anything but we can
z1czfXn3-IM-00325-00095256-00095487 implement it easily
z1czfXn3-IM-00326-00095488-00095743 uh so let's check also yes we add is
z1czfXn3-IM-00327-00095744-00096015 still working yes still work
z1czfXn3-IM-00328-00096016-00096174 because we since we modified the
z1czfXn3-IM-00329-00096175-00096326 component i need to check
z1czfXn3-IM-00330-00096327-00096806 if i didn't break the other behavior um
z1czfXn3-IM-00331-00096807-00097143 so let's go and implement
z1czfXn3-IM-00332-00097144-00097518 the update exam function or in this case
z1czfXn3-IM-00333-00097519-00097687 updating the exam gives me the
z1czfXn3-IM-00334-00097688-00097855 information about a new example
z1czfXn3-IM-00335-00097856-00098118 but it should be one of the exams
z1czfXn3-IM-00336-00098119-00098271 already present
z1czfXn3-IM-00337-00098272-00098671 in the exam state so i should update the
z1czfXn3-IM-00338-00098672-00098743 state
z1czfXn3-IM-00339-00098744-00099271 set state set exam sorry
z1czfXn3-IM-00340-00099272-00099599 and again we are updating an existing
z1czfXn3-IM-00341-00099600-00099918 state so we need to to set it
z1czfXn3-IM-00342-00099919-00100679 as a callback so the old statement
z1czfXn3-IM-00343-00100680-00101015 will be replaced by a modified version
z1czfXn3-IM-00344-00101016-00101494 of the old state
z1czfXn3-IM-00345-00101495-00101855 and we can use a map
z1czfXn3-IM-00346-00101856-00102223 operation for modifying the array for
z1czfXn3-IM-00347-00102224-00102415 creating new modified array where all
z1czfXn3-IM-00348-00102416-00102551 the elements will be
z1czfXn3-IM-00349-00102552-00102854 equal except one so
z1czfXn3-IM-00350-00102855-00103118 i will be the new component will depend
z1czfXn3-IM-00351-00103119-00103366 whether the
z1czfXn3-IM-00352-00103367-00103663 okay map requires a callback with a
z1czfXn3-IM-00353-00103664-00103975 single exam
z1czfXn3-IM-00354-00103976-00104318 and let me maybe write it in a different
z1czfXn3-IM-00355-00104319-00104471 line so that is
z1czfXn3-IM-00356-00104472-00104799 hopefully a bit clearer so
z1czfXn3-IM-00357-00104800-00105110 i'm mapping we create a new array where
z1czfXn3-IM-00358-00105111-00105383 every old exam will be replaced either
z1czfXn3-IM-00359-00105383-00105686 with
z1czfXn3-IM-00360-00105688-00105895 a copy of itself because i didn't i
z1czfXn3-IM-00361-00105896-00106023 don't need to change it
z1czfXn3-IM-00362-00106024-00106423 or with the new exam
z1czfXn3-IM-00363-00106424-00106695 that contains uh that was where we what
z1czfXn3-IM-00364-00106696-00106854 we were basically
z1czfXn3-IM-00365-00106855-00107295 um what the user i just modified
z1czfXn3-IM-00366-00107296-00107654 so for each exam i need to check whether
z1czfXn3-IM-00367-00107655-00108223 exam dot course code
z1czfXn3-IM-00368-00108224-00108551 is equal
z1czfXn3-IM-00369-00108552-00109102 to the new exam dot course code
z1czfXn3-IM-00370-00109103-00109447 okay this means that this is the exam
z1czfXn3-IM-00371-00109448-00109823 that the user wanted to modify
z1czfXn3-IM-00372-00109824-00110086 and so in the new object we must use the
z1czfXn3-IM-00373-00110088-00110390 new exam
z1czfXn3-IM-00374-00110391-00110831 sorry question mark otherwise we just
z1czfXn3-IM-00375-00110832-00111590 we just put a copy of the old exam
z1czfXn3-IM-00376-00111591-00111831 so we are using a method for creating an
z1czfXn3-IM-00377-00111832-00111943 identical array
z1czfXn3-IM-00378-00111944-00112278 a copy with a new array with a cop an
z1czfXn3-IM-00379-00112279-00112463 identical copy of the contents for
z1czfXn3-IM-00380-00112464-00112766 all the elements except one the one
z1czfXn3-IM-00381-00112767-00113110 whose course code is matching
z1czfXn3-IM-00382-00113111-00113383 so this new exam comes from the form and
z1czfXn3-IM-00383-00113383-00113454 this exam
z1czfXn3-IM-00384-00113455-00113902 is just a parameter of the map that will
z1czfXn3-IM-00385-00113903-00114431 iterate through all the elements
z1czfXn3-IM-00386-00114432-00114663 so let's see if it is working let me
z1czfXn3-IM-00387-00114664-00114734 save it
z1czfXn3-IM-00388-00114735-00115063 go back to the browser so
z1czfXn3-IM-00389-00115064-00115295 23 cloud computing is too low let's
z1czfXn3-IM-00390-00115296-00115439 increase it
z1czfXn3-IM-00391-00115440-00115895 so let's go here 23 becomes 29
z1czfXn3-IM-00392-00115896-00116239 and save and now
z1czfXn3-IM-00393-00116240-00116543 we are cloud computing with 29.
z1czfXn3-IM-00394-00116544-00116871 so we actually were able to modify
z1czfXn3-IM-00395-00116872-00117615 one property of a table
z1czfXn3-IM-00396-00117616-00117895 so this is nothing new uh the just the
z1czfXn3-IM-00397-00117896-00117999 update and that
z1czfXn3-IM-00398-00118000-00118223 are just a normal operation for updating
z1czfXn3-IM-00399-00118224-00118390 the state at the high level
z1czfXn3-IM-00400-00118391-00118583 so nothing to it's nothing to do with
z1czfXn3-IM-00401-00118583-00118743 the with the router okay the only
z1czfXn3-IM-00402-00118744-00118823 difference that
z1czfXn3-IM-00403-00118824-00118999 this method has been called from a
z1czfXn3-IM-00404-00119000-00119183 component that was
z1czfXn3-IM-00405-00119183-00119415 instantiated in different ways according
z1czfXn3-IM-00406-00119416-00119671 to the route
z1czfXn3-IM-00407-00119672-00119927 i think there's still one detail that we
z1czfXn3-IM-00408-00119928-00120007 should fix
z1czfXn3-IM-00409-00120008-00120407 for example i should not be able to
z1czfXn3-IM-00410-00120408-00120478 change this
z1czfXn3-IM-00411-00120479-00120799 in edit mode so if i go to edit mode
z1czfXn3-IM-00412-00120800-00120910 here
z1czfXn3-IM-00413-00120911-00121199 software engineering i should not be
z1czfXn3-IM-00414-00121200-00121478 able to change the course
z1czfXn3-IM-00415-00121479-00121719 and keep the same score and so on so i
z1czfXn3-IM-00416-00121720-00121790 think that
z1czfXn3-IM-00417-00121791-00122095 this score should be blocked fixed in
z1czfXn3-IM-00418-00122096-00122278 edit mode
z1czfXn3-IM-00419-00122279-00122719 to the value that uh originally had
z1czfXn3-IM-00420-00122720-00122999 because otherwise i i'm doing some with
z1czfXn3-IM-00421-00123000-00123190 the kind of update i'm updating the
z1czfXn3-IM-00422-00123191-00123527 course score or a different of um
z1czfXn3-IM-00423-00123528-00123743 of an exam that is different from the
z1czfXn3-IM-00424-00123744-00123886 exam that they clicked on
z1czfXn3-IM-00425-00123888-00124039 so by clicking on update software
z1czfXn3-IM-00426-00124040-00124207 engineering i would be able to update
z1czfXn3-IM-00427-00124208-00124271 the
z1czfXn3-IM-00428-00124272-00124495 the the score of cloud computing which
z1czfXn3-IM-00429-00124496-00124683 is okay
z1czfXn3-IM-00430-00124683-00124983 wrong uh and
z1czfXn3-IM-00431-00124983-00125207 it is quite easy because we just have in
z1czfXn3-IM-00432-00125208-00125334 the form
z1czfXn3-IM-00433-00125335-00125599 since we know that look location.state
z1czfXn3-IM-00434-00125600-00125775 will tell us whether we are
z1czfXn3-IM-00435-00125776-00126110 in edit mode
z1czfXn3-IM-00436-00126111-00126390 or in adding mode we can use this
z1czfXn3-IM-00437-00126391-00126623 location.state
z1czfXn3-IM-00438-00126624-00126999 for preventing
z1czfXn3-IM-00439-00127000-00127351 the here
z1czfXn3-IM-00440-00127352-00127734 the selector from from working
z1czfXn3-IM-00441-00127735-00128158 so we can maybe uh disabled
z1czfXn3-IM-00442-00128159-00128478 we may disable the selector
z1czfXn3-IM-00443-00128479-00128686 so it will be shown but it cannot be
z1czfXn3-IM-00444-00128688-00128910 clicked basically
z1czfXn3-IM-00445-00128911-00129096 if we are in
z1czfXn3-IM-00446-00129097-00129383 [Music]
z1czfXn3-IM-00447-00129383-00129654 in edit mode in other mode it should
z1czfXn3-IM-00448-00129655-00129695 work
z1czfXn3-IM-00449-00129696-00129934 in edit mode it shouldn't work so we can
z1czfXn3-IM-00450-00129935-00130351 have location.stata
z1czfXn3-IM-00451-00130352-00130639 that is interpreter as true force if
z1czfXn3-IM-00452-00130640-00130695 it's um
z1czfXn3-IM-00453-00130696-00130919 if it's missing if it's undefined it's a
z1czfXn3-IM-00454-00130920-00131071 false so it's not
z1czfXn3-IM-00455-00131072-00131439 the location to state not defined
z1czfXn3-IM-00456-00131440-00131814 means means this property is undefined
z1czfXn3-IM-00457-00131815-00132190 meaning the select is not disabled
z1czfXn3-IM-00458-00132191-00132535 so it's enabled if location the state is
z1czfXn3-IM-00459-00132536-00132871 defined that this this attribute will be
z1czfXn3-IM-00460-00132872-00133327 true so will be present and so we are
z1czfXn3-IM-00461-00133328-00133951 disabling the the select
z1czfXn3-IM-00462-00133952-00134383 let's try it if i click on add
z1czfXn3-IM-00463-00134384-00134583 this is working normally because we are
z1czfXn3-IM-00464-00134584-00134814 not in update mode
z1czfXn3-IM-00465-00134815-00135071 if we click on edit you see that it's
z1czfXn3-IM-00466-00135072-00135151 grayed out
z1czfXn3-IM-00467-00135152-00135335 and they cannot modify it and it's still
z1czfXn3-IM-00468-00135336-00135527 fixed to the one that i selected so data
z1czfXn3-IM-00469-00135528-00135631 science
z1czfXn3-IM-00470-00135632-00135883 click here software engineering is
z1czfXn3-IM-00471-00135884-00135999 frozen
z1czfXn3-IM-00472-00136000-00136207 at the component that at the type of
z1czfXn3-IM-00473-00136208-00136423 exam so i can only modify
z1czfXn3-IM-00474-00136424-00136671 the score and the date of the exam and
z1czfXn3-IM-00475-00136672-00136839 not the name if i want to modify the
z1czfXn3-IM-00476-00136840-00137095 name of course i need to go and select
z1czfXn3-IM-00477-00137096-00137607 a different name
z1czfXn3-IM-00478-00137608-00137911 and i think that's all so i
z1czfXn3-IM-00479-00137912-00138078 think these are all the functionalities
z1czfXn3-IM-00480-00138079-00138502 that we are needing at the moment here
z1czfXn3-IM-00481-00138503-00138847 uh adding editing deleting that can
z1czfXn3-IM-00482-00138848-00139014 you can you you imagine that they can be
z1czfXn3-IM-00483-00139015-00139254 reused in many other contexts
z1czfXn3-IM-00484-00139255-00139478 the same logic the same reasoning the
z1czfXn3-IM-00485-00139479-00139607 same you know
z1czfXn3-IM-00486-00139608-00139919 design of the routes
z1czfXn3-IM-00487-00139920-00140295 are more or less always the same
z1czfXn3-IM-00488-00140296-00140687 in this kind of interaction
z1czfXn3-IM-00489-00140688-00140975 okay the only feature we didn't use here
z1czfXn3-IM-00490-00140976-00141127 in this exercise was the
z1czfXn3-IM-00491-00141128-00141487 parametric routes okay
z1czfXn3-IM-00492-00141488-00141927 so having some parameter values
z1czfXn3-IM-00493-00141928-00142231 in the route that can be used as a match
z1czfXn3-IM-00494-00142232-00142607 parameter id in this case was needed
z1czfXn3-IM-00495-00142608-00142847 we will use it more when we have also a
z1czfXn3-IM-00496-00142848-00142959 server
z1czfXn3-IM-00497-00142960-00143247 from which we give a component an id of
z1czfXn3-IM-00498-00143248-00143326 an element
z1czfXn3-IM-00499-00143327-00143526 and that component itself will fetch it
z1czfXn3-IM-00500-00143527-00143671 from the server
z1czfXn3-IM-00501-00143672-00143854 but right now we have everything at hand
z1czfXn3-IM-00502-00143855-00144054 so it's easier to
z1czfXn3-IM-00503-00144055-00144390 to pass the object in this case the exam
z1czfXn3-IM-00504-00144391-00144463 instead
z1czfXn3-IM-00505-00144464-00144775 of passing the id
z1czfXn3-IM-00506-00144776-00145014 so what i'm saying is that we could also
z1czfXn3-IM-00507-00145015-00145183 have
z1czfXn3-IM-00508-00145184-00145463 designed this in a different way so
z1czfXn3-IM-00509-00145464-00145623 instead of going to
z1czfXn3-IM-00510-00145624-00146166 where is that take some controls
z1czfXn3-IM-00511-00146167-00146463 instead of going to update and giving a
z1czfXn3-IM-00512-00146464-00146631 state value
z1czfXn3-IM-00513-00146632-00146902 we could have probably linked to
z1czfXn3-IM-00514-00146903-00147083 something like
z1czfXn3-IM-00515-00147084-00147343 update
z1czfXn3-IM-00516-00147344-00147814 uh slash zero one
z1czfXn3-IM-00517-00147815-00148247 fx one ov or whatever okay
z1czfXn3-IM-00518-00148248-00148790 so in this case um
z1czfXn3-IM-00519-00148791-00149231 we can lead to some this kind of url
z1czfXn3-IM-00520-00149232-00149431 that contains the id of the course or
z1czfXn3-IM-00521-00149432-00149654 contains some information
z1czfXn3-IM-00522-00149655-00149902 and we could recover this information
z1czfXn3-IM-00523-00149903-00150014 with the
z1czfXn3-IM-00524-00150015-00150359 route where we have a parameter
z1czfXn3-IM-00525-00150360-00150687 like course code
z1czfXn3-IM-00526-00150688-00150847 so with a column syntax we are saying
z1czfXn3-IM-00527-00150848-00151047 okay this part of the path
z1czfXn3-IM-00528-00151048-00151311 is a parameter and let's store it into
z1czfXn3-IM-00529-00151312-00151447 this variable
z1czfXn3-IM-00530-00151448-00151743 so that we can extract it later so this
z1czfXn3-IM-00531-00151744-00151943 is another way of passing information
z1czfXn3-IM-00532-00151944-00152175 from a route to another of embedding
z1czfXn3-IM-00533-00152176-00152287 data
z1czfXn3-IM-00534-00152288-00152663 in the path when linking and extracting
z1czfXn3-IM-00535-00152664-00152887 the property from the path
z1czfXn3-IM-00536-00152888-00153214 when parsing the route
z1czfXn3-IM-00537-00153215-00153502 it's good it's it's easy if we only have
z1czfXn3-IM-00538-00153503-00153543 one
z1czfXn3-IM-00539-00153544-00153790 string one parameter in our case we have
z1czfXn3-IM-00540-00153791-00153854 an object
z1czfXn3-IM-00541-00153855-00154102 which is a complex a complex object with
z1czfXn3-IM-00542-00154103-00154287 different attributes so
z1czfXn3-IM-00543-00154288-00154623 it's easier to send it as the location
z1czfXn3-IM-00544-00154624-00154790 state
z1czfXn3-IM-00545-00154791-00155135 than the url address but it's a it's an
z1czfXn3-IM-00546-00155136-00155223 alternative that
z1czfXn3-IM-00547-00155224-00155454 you can you we may consider in other
z1czfXn3-IM-00548-00155455-00155726 cases okay
z1czfXn3-IM-00549-00155727-00156095 okay so let's restore
z1czfXn3-IM-00550-00156096-00156287 the previous version so that we don't
z1czfXn3-IM-00551-00156288-00156566 make any mistake
z1czfXn3-IM-00552-00156567-00157911 okay any questions
z1czfXn3-IM-00553-00157912-00158254 okay so if there are no questions
z1czfXn3-IM-00554-00158255-00158814 let me commit this latest version
z1czfXn3-IM-00555-00158815-00159190 with implementation
z1czfXn3-IM-00556-00159191-00160207 of the update functions
z1czfXn3-IM-00557-00160208-00160623 and uh
z1czfXn3-IM-00558-00160624-00160990 okay so next monday in the lab
z1czfXn3-IM-00559-00160991-00161343 you will be we suggest you to
z1czfXn3-IM-00560-00161344-00161575 restructure to implement the various
z1czfXn3-IM-00561-00161576-00161735 functionality of the application
z1czfXn3-IM-00562-00161736-00162007 by using these routes that as you see if
z1czfXn3-IM-00563-00162008-00162111 you think if
z1czfXn3-IM-00564-00162112-00162487 you think them well they will actually
z1czfXn3-IM-00565-00162488-00162839 simplify a lot of your work because
z1czfXn3-IM-00566-00162840-00163071 they are separating the different parts
z1czfXn3-IM-00567-00163072-00163207 of the application you don't need to do
z1czfXn3-IM-00568-00163208-00163278 everything and
z1czfXn3-IM-00569-00163279-00163526 some part of the state which is the
z1czfXn3-IM-00570-00163527-00163663 switching logic
z1czfXn3-IM-00571-00163664-00163911 is already handled by the router with
z1czfXn3-IM-00572-00163912-00164007 all the added benefits
z1czfXn3-IM-00573-00164008-00164223 of the urls or the navigation and so on
z1czfXn3-IM-00574-00164224-00164359 so it will actually
z1czfXn3-IM-00575-00164360-00164519 be a step for simplifying the
z1czfXn3-IM-00576-00164520-00164759 application and making it also easy
z1czfXn3-IM-00577-00164760-00165007 to add new things to the application
z1czfXn3-IM-00578-00165008-00165326 itself
z1czfXn3-IM-00579-00165327-00165743 okay um
z1czfXn3-IM-00580-00165744-00166047 so we may close this topic unless there
z1czfXn3-IM-00581-00166048-00166078 are
z1czfXn3-IM-00582-00166079-00166623 last minute questions and we may
z1czfXn3-IM-00583-00166624-00167014 spend the last half an hour or so
z1czfXn3-IM-00584-00167015-00167414 in uh presenting something about
z1czfXn3-IM-00585-00167415-00167807 javascript
z1czfXn3-IM-00586-00167808-00168295 classes and modules where um
z1czfXn3-IM-00587-00168296-00168566 we is something that we skipped at the
z1czfXn3-IM-00588-00168567-00168726 beginning when described the javascript
z1czfXn3-IM-00589-00168727-00168911 language because it was not
z1czfXn3-IM-00590-00168912-00169302 wasn't really needed at the moment
z1czfXn3-IM-00591-00169303-00169478 but of course it's part of the language
z1czfXn3-IM-00592-00169479-00169638 and it's also important
z1czfXn3-IM-00593-00169639-00169902 to understand that we also used it we'll
z1czfXn3-IM-00594-00169903-00170207 we are going to use classes
z1czfXn3-IM-00595-00170208-00170559 in the in the back end
z1czfXn3-IM-00596-00170560-00170823 for our convenience and of course we are
z1czfXn3-IM-00597-00170824-00171007 already using modules so maybe it's
z1czfXn3-IM-00598-00171008-00171095 better to
z1czfXn3-IM-00599-00171096-00171319 to explain a bit better what they are
z1czfXn3-IM-00600-00171320-00171526 okay so right now this is a moment where
z1czfXn3-IM-00601-00171527-00171599 we are
z1czfXn3-IM-00602-00171600-00171966 sort of closing the front-end part
z1czfXn3-IM-00603-00171967-00172175 preparing to move to the backhand part
z1czfXn3-IM-00604-00172176-00172335 and then finally the last step will be
z1czfXn3-IM-00605-00172336-00172599 joining the front end with the back end
z1czfXn3-IM-00606-00172600-00172902 so we are giving this extra information
z1czfXn3-IM-00607-00172903-00173087 here
z1czfXn3-IM-00608-00173088-00173375 first of all we need to go back and
z1czfXn3-IM-00609-00173376-00173631 think about
z1czfXn3-IM-00610-00173632-00173863 the the nature of the javascript
z1czfXn3-IM-00611-00173864-00173943 language
z1czfXn3-IM-00612-00173944-00174207 okay the first lecture i i said that
z1czfXn3-IM-00613-00174208-00174399 javascript was an object-oriented
z1czfXn3-IM-00614-00174400-00174471 language
z1czfXn3-IM-00615-00174472-00174726 but not a class oriented language
z1czfXn3-IM-00616-00174727-00174807 because the
z1czfXn3-IM-00617-00174808-00175007 main feature were object that could be
z1czfXn3-IM-00618-00175008-00175214 created and used
z1czfXn3-IM-00619-00175215-00175447 without classes you don't need a class
z1czfXn3-IM-00620-00175448-00175590 to create an object okay this is
z1czfXn3-IM-00621-00175591-00175790 something that we said a month ago
z1czfXn3-IM-00622-00175791-00176063 and how is how this is working so how
z1czfXn3-IM-00623-00176064-00176111 can an
z1czfXn3-IM-00624-00176112-00176390 object exist independently but at the
z1czfXn3-IM-00625-00176391-00176526 same time
z1czfXn3-IM-00626-00176527-00176766 can inherit some property from a class
z1czfXn3-IM-00627-00176767-00176999 when we are using the classes
z1czfXn3-IM-00628-00177000-00177271 there is a very complex mechanism i just
z1czfXn3-IM-00629-00177272-00177478 want to mention it in
z1czfXn3-IM-00630-00177479-00177674 two or three slides
z1czfXn3-IM-00631-00177675-00177790 [Music]
z1czfXn3-IM-00632-00177791-00177983 to understand the difference between
z1czfXn3-IM-00633-00177984-00178254 other within javascript and other
z1czfXn3-IM-00634-00178255-00178599 object-oriented languages okay uh
z1czfXn3-IM-00635-00178600-00178838 we will see in a moment the class syntax
z1czfXn3-IM-00636-00178839-00179063 but classes are just a different way of
z1czfXn3-IM-00637-00179064-00179190 writing functions
z1czfXn3-IM-00638-00179191-00179463 okay so let's not don't have too many
z1czfXn3-IM-00639-00179464-00179543 expectations
z1czfXn3-IM-00640-00179544-00179799 just syntax syntactic sugar some
z1czfXn3-IM-00641-00179800-00179951 different syntax for doing what we
z1czfXn3-IM-00642-00179952-00180143 already know how to do with bet with
z1czfXn3-IM-00643-00180144-00180326 functions and objects which are the real
z1czfXn3-IM-00644-00180327-00180543 natures
z1czfXn3-IM-00645-00180544-00180814 the important part is that every object
z1czfXn3-IM-00646-00180815-00180943 in javascript
z1czfXn3-IM-00647-00180944-00181207 all objects also the primitive ones
z1czfXn3-IM-00648-00181208-00181311 everything
z1czfXn3-IM-00649-00181312-00181623 has a special property which is called
z1czfXn3-IM-00650-00181624-00181943 a prototype
z1czfXn3-IM-00651-00181944-00182135 which is called a with this string name
z1czfXn3-IM-00652-00182136-00182399 with with square brackets
z1czfXn3-IM-00653-00182400-00182790 and an object prototype is a property
z1czfXn3-IM-00654-00182791-00183126 that points to another object
z1czfXn3-IM-00655-00183127-00183438 so we have an object here
z1czfXn3-IM-00656-00183439-00183759 okay with something inside and it has a
z1czfXn3-IM-00657-00183760-00184095 prototype
z1czfXn3-IM-00658-00184096-00184775 property that points to another object
z1czfXn3-IM-00659-00184776-00184983 and this other object also has a
z1czfXn3-IM-00660-00184984-00185126 prototype property that points to
z1czfXn3-IM-00661-00185127-00185271 another object and so on
z1czfXn3-IM-00662-00185272-00185607 so every object as a chain is changed
z1czfXn3-IM-00663-00185608-00185863 chained to other objects by means of
z1czfXn3-IM-00664-00185864-00185990 this
z1czfXn3-IM-00665-00185991-00186311 prototype property okay there are
z1czfXn3-IM-00666-00186312-00186478 methods for reading and
z1czfXn3-IM-00667-00186479-00186702 writing and modifying this uh prototype
z1czfXn3-IM-00668-00186703-00186790 property
z1czfXn3-IM-00669-00186791-00187038 or for every object usually we don't use
z1czfXn3-IM-00670-00187039-00187238 those these are internal
z1czfXn3-IM-00671-00187239-00187535 um say structures that are used for for
z1czfXn3-IM-00672-00187536-00187599 reflect
z1czfXn3-IM-00673-00187600-00187766 or for reflection programming so for
z1czfXn3-IM-00674-00187767-00188102 understanding the natural objects
z1czfXn3-IM-00675-00188103-00188478 and the second object is the sort
z1czfXn3-IM-00676-00188479-00188919 is called the prototype of the first one
z1czfXn3-IM-00677-00188920-00189263 and there's only one object in the
z1czfXn3-IM-00678-00189264-00189326 language
z1czfXn3-IM-00679-00189327-00189631 that doesn't have any prototype which is
z1czfXn3-IM-00680-00189632-00189975 a object so the object called object
z1czfXn3-IM-00681-00189976-00190199 sorry but it's called like this which is
z1czfXn3-IM-00682-00190200-00190375 the top level object that doesn't have
z1czfXn3-IM-00683-00190376-00190566 and it doesn't have a prototype it's the
z1czfXn3-IM-00684-00190567-00190750 only thing in javascript that has a null
z1czfXn3-IM-00685-00190751-00190847 prototype
z1czfXn3-IM-00686-00190848-00191047 so basically this change starts from
z1czfXn3-IM-00687-00191048-00191175 your objects
z1czfXn3-IM-00688-00191176-00191590 and goes up until you hit the object pro
z1czfXn3-IM-00689-00191591-00191783 element that doesn't have any anything
z1czfXn3-IM-00690-00191784-00192014 as a prototype
z1czfXn3-IM-00691-00192015-00192559 also functions also classes
z1czfXn3-IM-00692-00192560-00192790 they all they are all type of objects
z1czfXn3-IM-00693-00192791-00192990 objects in javascript and so they also
z1czfXn3-IM-00694-00192991-00193238 have a prototype attribute
z1czfXn3-IM-00695-00193239-00193414 so what is happening is that if you have
z1czfXn3-IM-00696-00193415-00193671 a constructor function for example
z1czfXn3-IM-00697-00193672-00193950 the type of objects you are constructing
z1czfXn3-IM-00698-00193951-00194063 remember
z1czfXn3-IM-00699-00194064-00194311 the function that constructed them
z1czfXn3-IM-00700-00194312-00194495 through the prototype
z1czfXn3-IM-00701-00194496-00194863 attribute for adding confusion to
z1czfXn3-IM-00702-00194864-00194990 confusion
z1czfXn3-IM-00703-00194991-00195183 in javascript there is a different
z1czfXn3-IM-00704-00195184-00195343 attribute which is called the
z1czfXn3-IM-00705-00195344-00195702 prototype which is not a
z1czfXn3-IM-00706-00195703-00195919 square bracket prototype these are
z1czfXn3-IM-00707-00195920-00196031 different
z1czfXn3-IM-00708-00196032-00196190 in some cases they're pointing to the
z1czfXn3-IM-00709-00196191-00196335 same object in some cases they are
z1czfXn3-IM-00710-00196336-00196583 pointing to different objects
z1czfXn3-IM-00711-00196584-00196959 and so the dot prototype is used
z1czfXn3-IM-00712-00196960-00197271 when you use a constructor function or a
z1czfXn3-IM-00713-00197272-00197423 class which is the same
z1czfXn3-IM-00714-00197424-00197663 thing with a different syntax and this
z1czfXn3-IM-00715-00197664-00197887 uh it's a more high level stuff
z1czfXn3-IM-00716-00197888-00198223 than the log level prototype property
z1czfXn3-IM-00717-00198224-00198511 so just to give you a a flash of what is
z1czfXn3-IM-00718-00198512-00198607 happening
z1czfXn3-IM-00719-00198608-00198902 and then we'll try to understand how
z1czfXn3-IM-00720-00198903-00199133 it's useful for us
z1czfXn3-IM-00721-00199134-00199302 [Music]
z1czfXn3-IM-00722-00199303-00199711 let's assume we have some code like here
z1czfXn3-IM-00723-00199712-00200054 we are for example creating an object
z1czfXn3-IM-00724-00200055-00200366 d of type date okay so very simple
z1czfXn3-IM-00725-00200367-00200719 statement d is an object of type date
z1czfXn3-IM-00726-00200720-00201335 so the object d is here and you see that
z1czfXn3-IM-00727-00201336-00201599 the prototype of this object is pointing
z1czfXn3-IM-00728-00201600-00201838 to some
z1czfXn3-IM-00729-00201839-00202150 prototype object for date date is a
z1czfXn3-IM-00730-00202151-00202295 function
z1czfXn3-IM-00731-00202296-00202583 and the function as points to some
z1czfXn3-IM-00732-00202584-00202838 prototype object
z1czfXn3-IM-00733-00202839-00203143 this prototype object in turn points to
z1czfXn3-IM-00734-00203144-00203295 object
z1czfXn3-IM-00735-00203296-00203599 so this means that d
z1czfXn3-IM-00736-00203600-00203990 is an object derived from data
z1czfXn3-IM-00737-00203991-00204311 and date is derived from object and
z1czfXn3-IM-00738-00204312-00204375 object
z1czfXn3-IM-00739-00204376-00204559 of course it doesn't is not derived from
z1czfXn3-IM-00740-00204560-00204879 anything and it goes to null
z1czfXn3-IM-00741-00204880-00205198 when we create an object
z1czfXn3-IM-00742-00205200-00205406 directly in the code like here without
z1czfXn3-IM-00743-00205407-00205758 constructing it with a function
z1czfXn3-IM-00744-00205759-00206062 this r r is the
z1czfXn3-IM-00745-00206063-00206366 as only as the the object prototype
z1czfXn3-IM-00746-00206367-00206679 okay directly points to object
z1czfXn3-IM-00747-00206680-00206975 it's it doesn't have a special type
z1czfXn3-IM-00748-00206976-00207079 let's say
z1czfXn3-IM-00749-00207080-00207494 okay it's not constructed by any other
z1czfXn3-IM-00750-00207496-00207590 function
z1czfXn3-IM-00751-00207591-00207910 and so it it just it's just a normal
z1czfXn3-IM-00752-00207911-00208238 object if we are defining
z1czfXn3-IM-00753-00208239-00208542 a constructor function
z1czfXn3-IM-00754-00208544-00208719 remember a function that will construct
z1czfXn3-IM-00755-00208719-00208982 should be called with the new keyword
z1czfXn3-IM-00756-00208983-00209190 and so inside of this we can set some
z1czfXn3-IM-00757-00209191-00209334 properties
z1czfXn3-IM-00758-00209335-00209614 then in this case a is similar to the
z1czfXn3-IM-00759-00209615-00209791 date object
z1czfXn3-IM-00760-00209792-00210263 p our p here this person p
z1czfXn3-IM-00761-00210264-00210527 is a prototype as a prototype of type
z1czfXn3-IM-00762-00210528-00210679 person
z1czfXn3-IM-00763-00210680-00210942 so we can say that the type of this
z1czfXn3-IM-00764-00210944-00211023 object
z1czfXn3-IM-00765-00211023-00211479 is the type created by person
z1czfXn3-IM-00766-00211480-00211887 personal prototype is the prototype for
z1czfXn3-IM-00767-00211888-00212071 person the function so person is a
z1czfXn3-IM-00768-00212071-00212191 function
z1czfXn3-IM-00769-00212192-00212342 how can i know that this person is a
z1czfXn3-IM-00770-00212344-00212591 function because each prototype
z1czfXn3-IM-00771-00212592-00212942 is function
z1czfXn3-IM-00772-00212944-00213127 so it's a bit complex it's the internal
z1czfXn3-IM-00773-00213128-00213294 representation of objects
z1czfXn3-IM-00774-00213296-00213687 if the way in which i remember that p
z1czfXn3-IM-00775-00213688-00214031 was created by a function called person
z1czfXn3-IM-00776-00214032-00214127 and so it creates
z1czfXn3-IM-00777-00214128-00214398 objects that share something in common
z1czfXn3-IM-00778-00214400-00214671 here
z1czfXn3-IM-00779-00214671-00214942 and this person is by itself a function
z1czfXn3-IM-00780-00214944-00215103 and the function is an object
z1czfXn3-IM-00781-00215104-00215358 and so on but uh there's nothing this
z1czfXn3-IM-00782-00215359-00215510 part here
z1czfXn3-IM-00783-00215511-00215823 function object
z1czfXn3-IM-00784-00215823-00216079 and all these prototypes here are
z1czfXn3-IM-00785-00216080-00216223 predefined by the system
z1czfXn3-IM-00786-00216223-00216471 so we don't we don't we don't need to
z1czfXn3-IM-00787-00216471-00216606 see them
z1czfXn3-IM-00788-00216607-00216958 our objects are here r and d and p
z1czfXn3-IM-00789-00216959-00217246 and the function person that we defined
z1czfXn3-IM-00790-00217248-00217446 and all these prototype objects are
z1czfXn3-IM-00791-00217448-00217655 automatically created and automatically
z1czfXn3-IM-00792-00217656-00217863 linked
z1czfXn3-IM-00793-00217864-00218206 okay this is the mechanism
z1czfXn3-IM-00794-00218207-00218510 by which we may let's say inherit
z1czfXn3-IM-00795-00218511-00218751 properties from object to objects
z1czfXn3-IM-00796-00218752-00219094 so you see there are no classes here
z1czfXn3-IM-00797-00219096-00219334 in java you would have an object that
z1czfXn3-IM-00798-00219335-00219534 remembers the class creation we have a
z1czfXn3-IM-00799-00219535-00219598 dot class
z1czfXn3-IM-00800-00219600-00219823 attribute into objects here we don't
z1czfXn3-IM-00801-00219823-00220055 have class attributes we only have
z1czfXn3-IM-00802-00220056-00220215 prototypes that link
z1czfXn3-IM-00803-00220216-00220631 to and another object
z1czfXn3-IM-00804-00220632-00221287 that was used in the creation of ours
z1czfXn3-IM-00805-00221288-00221703 so actually it's not uh
z1czfXn3-IM-00806-00221704-00221919 in in java for example we have
z1czfXn3-IM-00807-00221919-00222158 inheritance
z1czfXn3-IM-00808-00222159-00222415 from class to class a class inherits
z1czfXn3-IM-00809-00222416-00222551 from another class that can make
z1czfXn3-IM-00810-00222552-00222679 mediated from another class that may
z1czfXn3-IM-00811-00222680-00222934 inherit from the top level class okay
z1czfXn3-IM-00812-00222935-00223223 and then every of these classes can
z1czfXn3-IM-00813-00223223-00223406 create objects
z1czfXn3-IM-00814-00223407-00223703 but objects don't inert from themselves
z1czfXn3-IM-00815-00223704-00223775 okay
z1czfXn3-IM-00816-00223776-00223934 an object belongs to a class and this
z1czfXn3-IM-00817-00223935-00224223 class may inherit from another class
z1czfXn3-IM-00818-00224223-00224479 in javascript we don't have this
z1czfXn3-IM-00819-00224480-00224575 structure
z1czfXn3-IM-00820-00224576-00224863 we have objects that may inherit or at
z1czfXn3-IM-00821-00224864-00224958 least
z1czfXn3-IM-00822-00224959-00225175 we don't use the word the type the word
z1czfXn3-IM-00823-00225176-00225287 inheritable
z1czfXn3-IM-00824-00225288-00225567 they are prototype linked two other
z1czfXn3-IM-00825-00225567-00225679 objects
z1czfXn3-IM-00826-00225680-00225806 so this is something that in java you
z1czfXn3-IM-00827-00225807-00225934 don't have you don't have an object that
z1czfXn3-IM-00828-00225935-00226110 may inherit from another object
z1czfXn3-IM-00829-00226111-00226351 no an object is of a type of a class and
z1czfXn3-IM-00830-00226352-00226542 that class may inherit something
z1czfXn3-IM-00831-00226544-00226758 from other classes so inheritance is a
z1czfXn3-IM-00832-00226759-00226919 relationship between among
z1czfXn3-IM-00833-00226919-00227223 classes in javascript
z1czfXn3-IM-00834-00227223-00227439 inheritance or prototype linking is a
z1czfXn3-IM-00835-00227440-00227551 property between
z1czfXn3-IM-00836-00227552-00227934 objects okay classes are optional
z1czfXn3-IM-00837-00227935-00228231 in this in this concept so object is the
z1czfXn3-IM-00838-00228232-00228319 sort of a top
z1czfXn3-IM-00839-00228319-00228542 level object from which everything every
z1czfXn3-IM-00840-00228544-00228655 other object will
z1czfXn3-IM-00841-00228656-00228958 inherit so every property we have an
z1czfXn3-IM-00842-00228959-00229103 object
z1czfXn3-IM-00843-00229104-00229455 like tostring for example
z1czfXn3-IM-00844-00229456-00229710 is a property that is automatically
z1czfXn3-IM-00845-00229711-00229798 available
z1czfXn3-IM-00846-00229800-00230175 to every other object through this
z1czfXn3-IM-00847-00230176-00230503 prototype linking mechanism
z1czfXn3-IM-00848-00230504-00230791 for example the prototype 4 object
z1czfXn3-IM-00849-00230792-00231055 defines a lot of properties and methods
z1czfXn3-IM-00850-00231056-00231334 that are available to all other
z1czfXn3-IM-00851-00231335-00231471 javascript objects
z1czfXn3-IM-00852-00231471-00231710 so when since we are able to use two
z1czfXn3-IM-00853-00231711-00231831 string everywhere
z1czfXn3-IM-00854-00231832-00232158 it's because the object prototype
z1czfXn3-IM-00855-00232159-00232327 is an object that contains the two
z1czfXn3-IM-00856-00232328-00232710 string method and value all of and so on
z1czfXn3-IM-00857-00232711-00233015 so the whatever with is defined at the
z1czfXn3-IM-00858-00233016-00233367 level of object
z1czfXn3-IM-00859-00233367-00233775 in practice of the uh
z1czfXn3-IM-00860-00233776-00234055 yes this object prototype class object
z1czfXn3-IM-00861-00234056-00234271 it's an object this object prototype by
z1czfXn3-IM-00862-00234271-00234319 itself
z1czfXn3-IM-00863-00234319-00234534 is an object okay that may have some
z1czfXn3-IM-00864-00234535-00234631 properties
z1czfXn3-IM-00865-00234632-00234791 so this object will have some the
z1czfXn3-IM-00866-00234792-00235031 property called for example to string
z1czfXn3-IM-00867-00235032-00235310 here which is a function that does
z1czfXn3-IM-00868-00235311-00235463 something
z1czfXn3-IM-00869-00235464-00235742 and then maybe of course redefine the
z1czfXn3-IM-00870-00235744-00235958 lower levels and so on
z1czfXn3-IM-00871-00235959-00236294 so this is why uh
z1czfXn3-IM-00872-00236296-00236639 and um an object may access
z1czfXn3-IM-00873-00236640-00236919 methods or properties from higher level
z1czfXn3-IM-00874-00236919-00237046 objects
z1czfXn3-IM-00875-00237048-00237431 and in our person here we can imagine
z1czfXn3-IM-00876-00237432-00237455 that
z1czfXn3-IM-00877-00237456-00237739 we may add some methods to
z1czfXn3-IM-00878-00237740-00237991 person.prototype
z1czfXn3-IM-00879-00237992-00238303 and these methods we may add them just
z1czfXn3-IM-00880-00238304-00238558 write in person dot prototype dot
z1czfXn3-IM-00881-00238559-00238863 method name equal to and then this
z1czfXn3-IM-00882-00238864-00239039 method will be accessible to
z1czfXn3-IM-00883-00239040-00239303 all the objects created by this
z1czfXn3-IM-00884-00239304-00239558 constructor function
z1czfXn3-IM-00885-00239559-00239967 okay so for making some properties
z1czfXn3-IM-00886-00239967-00240191 inheritable basically or accessible by
z1czfXn3-IM-00887-00240192-00240342 lower level objects we don't need to
z1czfXn3-IM-00888-00240344-00240471 store them
z1czfXn3-IM-00889-00240471-00240727 into the function or into the objects we
z1czfXn3-IM-00890-00240728-00240998 need to store them into the prototype
z1czfXn3-IM-00891-00241000-00241215 of the function that is creating the
z1czfXn3-IM-00892-00241216-00241606 objects
z1czfXn3-IM-00893-00241607-00242023 okay and how can we access these
z1czfXn3-IM-00894-00242023-00242351 properties that okay inherited or linked
z1czfXn3-IM-00895-00242352-00242519 the properties
z1czfXn3-IM-00896-00242519-00242727 well the prototype chain is
z1czfXn3-IM-00897-00242728-00242991 automatically navigated by javascript
z1czfXn3-IM-00898-00242992-00243415 every time i'm checking for a property
z1czfXn3-IM-00899-00243416-00243719 okay if i'm writing something like p
z1czfXn3-IM-00900-00243719-00244127 dot a with r where a is a property
z1czfXn3-IM-00901-00244128-00244351 javascript first checks whether the
z1czfXn3-IM-00902-00244352-00244471 object p
z1czfXn3-IM-00903-00244471-00244830 contains a property called a if it finds
z1czfXn3-IM-00904-00244831-00244863 it
z1czfXn3-IM-00905-00244864-00245119 it will use it otherwise it will follow
z1czfXn3-IM-00906-00245119-00245223 the prototype
z1czfXn3-IM-00907-00245223-00245591 chain and go to the next
z1czfXn3-IM-00908-00245592-00245863 prototype object and check whether there
z1czfXn3-IM-00909-00245864-00246039 we have a property called a which is
z1czfXn3-IM-00910-00246040-00246142 defined
z1czfXn3-IM-00911-00246144-00246487 if so it will be used if not it will go
z1czfXn3-IM-00912-00246488-00246758 to the next prototype link and so on
z1czfXn3-IM-00913-00246759-00246855 until
z1czfXn3-IM-00914-00246856-00247158 it finds a property called a
z1czfXn3-IM-00915-00247159-00247519 or now now we because we already reached
z1czfXn3-IM-00916-00247519-00247663 the top level object
z1czfXn3-IM-00917-00247664-00247919 at this point the property is undefined
z1czfXn3-IM-00918-00247919-00248046 if i find null
z1czfXn3-IM-00919-00248048-00248239 so i can find this property up with the
z1czfXn3-IM-00920-00248240-00248455 prototype chain
z1czfXn3-IM-00921-00248456-00248727 or i can decide it's undefined because
z1czfXn3-IM-00922-00248728-00248830 it was no
z1czfXn3-IM-00923-00248831-00249334 nowhere to be found in the chain itself
z1czfXn3-IM-00924-00249335-00249646 this is a happens every time i'm reading
z1czfXn3-IM-00925-00249648-00249823 a property
z1czfXn3-IM-00926-00249823-00250151 okay i navigate the chain for getting
z1czfXn3-IM-00927-00250152-00250334 the value
z1czfXn3-IM-00928-00250335-00250767 or i find an or it will be undefined
z1czfXn3-IM-00929-00250767-00251191 a writing property this doesn't happen
z1czfXn3-IM-00930-00251192-00251382 this doesn't happen because it's just
z1czfXn3-IM-00931-00251383-00251519 creation it's uh
z1czfXn3-IM-00932-00251519-00251839 it just creates a new property on the
z1czfXn3-IM-00933-00251840-00252030 current object
z1czfXn3-IM-00934-00252031-00252334 so if i'm doing some x or equal
z1czfXn3-IM-00935-00252335-00252591 p dot a i'm reading a property and so
z1czfXn3-IM-00936-00252592-00252815 the prototype chain is navigated
z1czfXn3-IM-00937-00252816-00253039 if i'm writing something like p dot a
z1czfXn3-IM-00938-00253040-00253206 equal to three
z1czfXn3-IM-00939-00253207-00253494 then the property a may already belong
z1czfXn3-IM-00940-00253496-00253671 to this object and so is
z1czfXn3-IM-00941-00253671-00253967 updated or if the if it didn't belong to
z1czfXn3-IM-00942-00253967-00254071 this object
z1czfXn3-IM-00943-00254071-00254310 it would be created and assigned the
z1czfXn3-IM-00944-00254311-00254487 value 3.
z1czfXn3-IM-00945-00254488-00254839 and this means that on the next
z1czfXn3-IM-00946-00254840-00255158 instructions now this object p
z1czfXn3-IM-00947-00255159-00255455 will have this property and so the next
z1czfXn3-IM-00948-00255456-00255527 code
z1czfXn3-IM-00949-00255528-00255967 will not see anymore a property called a
z1czfXn3-IM-00950-00255967-00256310 in the in the upper prototypes okay
z1czfXn3-IM-00951-00256311-00256542 so when i'm reading i follow the search
z1czfXn3-IM-00952-00256544-00256703 chain when i'm writing
z1czfXn3-IM-00953-00256704-00256910 i'm creating new properties every time
z1czfXn3-IM-00954-00256911-00257023 and so i'm sort of
z1czfXn3-IM-00955-00257023-00257263 hiding possible other properties with
z1czfXn3-IM-00956-00257264-00257463 the same name
z1czfXn3-IM-00957-00257464-00257798 from other objects
z1czfXn3-IM-00958-00257800-00258015 this is the basic mechanism by which we
z1czfXn3-IM-00959-00258016-00258151 are sort of inheriting
z1czfXn3-IM-00960-00258152-00258439 uh properties in a read-only way i would
z1czfXn3-IM-00961-00258440-00258487 say
z1czfXn3-IM-00962-00258488-00258694 because when i try to modify them i'm
z1czfXn3-IM-00963-00258696-00258815 already making
z1czfXn3-IM-00964-00258816-00259206 a different copy i'm making a copy
z1czfXn3-IM-00965-00259207-00259415 before and without checking if there is
z1czfXn3-IM-00966-00259416-00259591 another name okay
z1czfXn3-IM-00967-00259592-00259846 so if there's already an upper name and
z1czfXn3-IM-00968-00259848-00259910 there and
z1czfXn3-IM-00969-00259911-00260206 write it locally the upper name is
z1czfXn3-IM-00970-00260207-00260342 hidden is shadowed
z1czfXn3-IM-00971-00260344-00260775 without any warning
z1czfXn3-IM-00972-00260776-00261055 okay so if you are into the comparison
z1czfXn3-IM-00973-00261056-00261167 between languages here
z1czfXn3-IM-00974-00261167-00261406 we try to to pull up a table of
z1czfXn3-IM-00975-00261407-00261551 comparison
z1czfXn3-IM-00976-00261552-00261823 between class-based languages like the
z1czfXn3-IM-00977-00261823-00262006 java or prototype-based language like
z1czfXn3-IM-00978-00262007-00262134 javascript but
z1czfXn3-IM-00979-00262135-00262375 i don't want to i only want you to
z1czfXn3-IM-00980-00262376-00262527 appreciate that the mechanism is
z1czfXn3-IM-00981-00262528-00262606 different
z1czfXn3-IM-00982-00262607-00262934 of course we are if we were to work or
z1czfXn3-IM-00983-00262935-00262975 create
z1czfXn3-IM-00984-00262976-00263182 libraries that go deep inside javascript
z1czfXn3-IM-00985-00263183-00263327 of course we need to understand much
z1czfXn3-IM-00986-00263328-00263415 better
z1czfXn3-IM-00987-00263416-00263751 this prototype mechanism but
z1czfXn3-IM-00988-00263752-00264143 for the moment so okay we
z1czfXn3-IM-00989-00264144-00264375 we may stop here let's say at this level
z1czfXn3-IM-00990-00264376-00264703 of um
z1czfXn3-IM-00991-00264704-00265047 of of detail but
z1czfXn3-IM-00992-00265048-00265271 the knowledge of the prototype will help
z1czfXn3-IM-00993-00265272-00265423 us may help us
z1czfXn3-IM-00994-00265424-00265767 in defining object properties
z1czfXn3-IM-00995-00265768-00266095 from constructor functions
z1czfXn3-IM-00996-00266096-00266382 so we may now understand or the syntax
z1czfXn3-IM-00997-00266383-00266503 that we wrote
z1czfXn3-IM-00998-00266504-00266639 when at the beginning of the course we
z1czfXn3-IM-00999-00266640-00266847 are creating some person
z1czfXn3-IM-01000-00266848-00267079 with some attributes without with a
z1czfXn3-IM-01001-00267080-00267247 constructor functions
z1czfXn3-IM-01002-00267248-00267582 and we use the syntax this dot play or
z1czfXn3-IM-01003-00267583-00267671 these two
z1czfXn3-IM-01004-00267672-00268023 for setting new attributes
z1czfXn3-IM-01005-00268024-00268367 of type value string or of type function
z1czfXn3-IM-01006-00268368-00268882 okay methods and this syntax is
z1czfXn3-IM-01007-00268883-00269006 practically
z1czfXn3-IM-01008-00269007-00269351 also be substituted by search
z1czfXn3-IM-01009-00269352-00269719 setting a property on the prototype
z1czfXn3-IM-01010-00269720-00269975 of the function so person is still a
z1czfXn3-IM-01011-00269976-00270079 function
z1czfXn3-IM-01012-00270080-00270399 it contains a prototype attribute
z1czfXn3-IM-01013-00270400-00270743 and we can add a property to
z1czfXn3-IM-01014-00270744-00271047 the prototype object
z1czfXn3-IM-01015-00271048-00271358 what is the difference the difference is
z1czfXn3-IM-01016-00271359-00271910 this is the new object
z1czfXn3-IM-01017-00271911-00272230 so every time we create a new object we
z1czfXn3-IM-01018-00272231-00272279 create
z1czfXn3-IM-01019-00272280-00272582 a property on that new object with the
z1czfXn3-IM-01020-00272583-00272799 value that we want
z1czfXn3-IM-01021-00272800-00273039 so that that property is replicated
z1czfXn3-IM-01022-00273040-00273206 locally on each and every
z1czfXn3-IM-01023-00273207-00273487 object that has been created if we are
z1czfXn3-IM-01024-00273488-00273591 setting the product
z1czfXn3-IM-01025-00273592-00273855 property on the function prototype the
z1czfXn3-IM-01026-00273856-00273943 property is
z1czfXn3-IM-01027-00273944-00274271 defined only once and
z1czfXn3-IM-01028-00274272-00274534 all the objects will be able to access
z1czfXn3-IM-01029-00274535-00274606 that property
z1czfXn3-IM-01030-00274607-00274823 in read-only mode thanks to the
z1czfXn3-IM-01031-00274824-00275223 navigation of the prototype chain
z1czfXn3-IM-01032-00275224-00275455 the difference is that also since this
z1czfXn3-IM-01033-00275456-00275606 attribute is defined at the function
z1czfXn3-IM-01034-00275607-00275671 level
z1czfXn3-IM-01035-00275672-00275879 it doesn't have access to the local
z1czfXn3-IM-01036-00275880-00276103 variables of the object
z1czfXn3-IM-01037-00276104-00276471 or all the function itself so it's like
z1czfXn3-IM-01038-00276472-00276663 you know a static method or static
z1czfXn3-IM-01039-00276664-00276775 property
z1czfXn3-IM-01040-00276776-00276975 defined at the class level or you are
z1czfXn3-IM-01041-00276976-00277103 defined at the
z1czfXn3-IM-01042-00277104-00277430 function level cannot use
z1czfXn3-IM-01043-00277431-00277663 this you can use the value of a local
z1czfXn3-IM-01044-00277664-00277751 object
z1czfXn3-IM-01045-00277752-00278015 but it may use maybe general purpose
z1czfXn3-IM-01046-00278016-00278263 methods
z1czfXn3-IM-01047-00278264-00278430 [Music]
z1czfXn3-IM-01048-00278431-00278639 can use this unless of course this
z1czfXn3-IM-01049-00278640-00278895 method is called remember the
z1czfXn3-IM-01050-00278896-00279087 all the details about this is called
z1czfXn3-IM-01051-00279088-00279255 with an object as the first
z1czfXn3-IM-01052-00279256-00279599 element so basically there are two
z1czfXn3-IM-01053-00279600-00279775 different syntaxes so if you want to
z1czfXn3-IM-01054-00279776-00279839 create
z1czfXn3-IM-01055-00279840-00280127 objects that share a set of properties
z1czfXn3-IM-01056-00280128-00280319 the bottom line is that you can
z1czfXn3-IM-01057-00280320-00280575 add these properties in the constructor
z1czfXn3-IM-01058-00280576-00280647 functions
z1czfXn3-IM-01059-00280648-00280910 by putting them into each and every
z1czfXn3-IM-01060-00280911-00280991 object
z1czfXn3-IM-01061-00280992-00281303 or you can add them separately
z1czfXn3-IM-01062-00281304-00281703 to the prototype
z1czfXn3-IM-01063-00281704-00281999 and so they will be automatically found
z1czfXn3-IM-01064-00282000-00282167 by the object when you are trying to use
z1czfXn3-IM-01065-00282168-00282519 them
z1czfXn3-IM-01066-00282520-00282775 the here there are some details about
z1czfXn3-IM-01067-00282776-00282943 which is faster but i think
z1czfXn3-IM-01068-00282944-00283199 the difference is so so narrow so small
z1czfXn3-IM-01069-00283200-00283447 that we don't need to care about
z1czfXn3-IM-01070-00283448-00283823 performance here okay
z1czfXn3-IM-01071-00283824-00284103 building on the mechanism of the of
z1czfXn3-IM-01072-00284104-00284239 prototypes
z1czfXn3-IM-01073-00284240-00284599 javascript also has classes
z1czfXn3-IM-01074-00284600-00284782 we delayed this concept for a long time
z1czfXn3-IM-01075-00284783-00284951 but classic basically
z1czfXn3-IM-01076-00284952-00285334 are functions with a different syntax
z1czfXn3-IM-01077-00285335-00285710 from es6 from x366
z1czfXn3-IM-01078-00285711-00286063 we have this new keyword class
z1czfXn3-IM-01079-00286064-00286367 that is able to create classes which are
z1czfXn3-IM-01080-00286368-00286527 a special type special
z1czfXn3-IM-01081-00286528-00286687 way of defining functions so basically
z1czfXn3-IM-01082-00286688-00286839 classes were introduced because people
z1czfXn3-IM-01083-00286840-00287047 were used to write classes
z1czfXn3-IM-01084-00287048-00287303 and they were not that you know not
z1czfXn3-IM-01085-00287304-00287503 familiar with the creating functions
z1czfXn3-IM-01086-00287504-00287630 that create objects
z1czfXn3-IM-01087-00287631-00287823 and so it was added as a new syntax
z1czfXn3-IM-01088-00287824-00287951 basically
z1czfXn3-IM-01089-00287952-00288351 um and as with function we have two
z1czfXn3-IM-01090-00288352-00288471 different syntax forms
z1czfXn3-IM-01091-00288472-00288647 one is an expression and the other is a
z1czfXn3-IM-01092-00288648-00288854 declaration so remember your function
z1czfXn3-IM-01093-00288855-00288910 could be
z1czfXn3-IM-01094-00288911-00289223 written with function name
z1czfXn3-IM-01095-00289224-00289639 or with function or
z1czfXn3-IM-01096-00289640-00289951 name equal function as an expression
z1czfXn3-IM-01097-00289952-00290314 and the same goes here um
z1czfXn3-IM-01098-00290315-00290430 [Music]
z1czfXn3-IM-01099-00290431-00290630 sorry let me answer the the question of
z1czfXn3-IM-01100-00290631-00290830 lorenzo that was asking
z1czfXn3-IM-01101-00290831-00291071 when writing defining a function for the
z1czfXn3-IM-01102-00291072-00291223 prototype we accessed the first process
z1czfXn3-IM-01103-00291224-00291495 in the chain
z1czfXn3-IM-01104-00291496-00291767 no person we are this is the prototype
z1czfXn3-IM-01105-00291768-00291887 of the function
z1czfXn3-IM-01106-00291888-00292095 of this function okay this is a
z1czfXn3-IM-01107-00292096-00292358 constructor function
z1czfXn3-IM-01108-00292359-00292671 and this function has its own
z1czfXn3-IM-01109-00292672-00293015 prototype object we may
z1czfXn3-IM-01110-00293016-00293439 we are adding a new property show edge
z1czfXn3-IM-01111-00293440-00293695 to this prototype that is linked to the
z1czfXn3-IM-01112-00293696-00293830 function we are not navigating
z1czfXn3-IM-01113-00293831-00293910 everything
z1czfXn3-IM-01114-00293911-00294206 the this person.prototype is the object
z1czfXn3-IM-01115-00294207-00294447 associated with the function
z1czfXn3-IM-01116-00294448-00294654 we are not navigating okay this is
z1czfXn3-IM-01117-00294655-00294879 different with important is not the
z1czfXn3-IM-01118-00294880-00295271 square prototype square we would link to
z1czfXn3-IM-01119-00295272-00295334 the
z1czfXn3-IM-01120-00295335-00295551 auto object basically but is the
z1czfXn3-IM-01121-00295552-00295703 prototype object associated with the
z1czfXn3-IM-01122-00295704-00295751 function
z1czfXn3-IM-01123-00295752-00296023 okay so it's confusing i know they are
z1czfXn3-IM-01124-00296024-00296175 using the word prototype for at least
z1czfXn3-IM-01125-00296176-00296334 three different concepts in javascript
z1czfXn3-IM-01126-00296335-00296503 but
z1czfXn3-IM-01127-00296504-00296871 not my fault again okay about the syntax
z1czfXn3-IM-01128-00296872-00297167 of classes
z1czfXn3-IM-01129-00297168-00297319 so we can define the class with a
z1czfXn3-IM-01130-00297320-00297510 classical declaration class
z1czfXn3-IM-01131-00297511-00297871 name of the classes and the
z1czfXn3-IM-01132-00297872-00298199 method called constructor okay so the
z1czfXn3-IM-01133-00298200-00298351 constructor function is a method
z1czfXn3-IM-01134-00298352-00298527 which is which is defined inside the
z1czfXn3-IM-01135-00298528-00298727 class which is and is called
z1czfXn3-IM-01136-00298728-00299030 constructor so you don't like in java
z1czfXn3-IM-01137-00299031-00299134 you call the constructor with the same
z1czfXn3-IM-01138-00299135-00299358 name of the class here we you must call
z1czfXn3-IM-01139-00299359-00299382 it
z1czfXn3-IM-01140-00299383-00299727 constructor okay
z1czfXn3-IM-01141-00299728-00299951 and you can and you see you you
z1czfXn3-IM-01142-00299952-00300119 recognize what you are doing here
z1czfXn3-IM-01143-00300120-00300358 is the same that you would be doing in a
z1czfXn3-IM-01144-00300359-00300463 constructor function
z1czfXn3-IM-01145-00300464-00300582 that we did at the beginning of the
z1czfXn3-IM-01146-00300583-00300751 course it would be like function
z1czfXn3-IM-01147-00300752-00300903 rectangle
z1czfXn3-IM-01148-00300904-00301239 this dot hey this is white is the same
z1czfXn3-IM-01149-00301240-00301367 but we are putting that inside the
z1czfXn3-IM-01150-00301368-00301575 constructor so that we have space here
z1czfXn3-IM-01151-00301576-00301975 for adding extra methods
z1czfXn3-IM-01152-00301976-00302310 uh to the class itself or
z1czfXn3-IM-01153-00302311-00302567 we may use a class expression that just
z1czfXn3-IM-01154-00302568-00302767 creates a class
z1czfXn3-IM-01155-00302768-00303071 like from here to
z1czfXn3-IM-01156-00303072-00303510 here and returns
z1czfXn3-IM-01157-00303511-00303903 and a class object that we can store
z1czfXn3-IM-01158-00303904-00304287 into for example a variable or whatever
z1czfXn3-IM-01159-00304288-00304495 so we are not creating a rectangle
z1czfXn3-IM-01160-00304496-00304599 object here
z1czfXn3-IM-01161-00304600-00304903 but we are storing uh the reference to a
z1czfXn3-IM-01162-00304904-00305039 class
z1czfXn3-IM-01163-00305040-00305263 into rectangle and then we can create
z1czfXn3-IM-01164-00305264-00305639 new objects with a new rectangle
z1czfXn3-IM-01165-00305640-00305967 by using this if if we think that
z1czfXn3-IM-01166-00305968-00306230 that classes are functions everything is
z1czfXn3-IM-01167-00306231-00306319 easy
z1czfXn3-IM-01168-00306320-00306454 because it's what we're already doing
z1czfXn3-IM-01169-00306455-00306599 with function we create a function and
z1czfXn3-IM-01170-00306600-00306767 we store a reference to a function into
z1czfXn3-IM-01171-00306768-00306854 a variable
z1czfXn3-IM-01172-00306855-00307310 the same with classes okay
z1czfXn3-IM-01173-00307311-00307503 and we can also omit the name of the
z1czfXn3-IM-01174-00307504-00307743 class here if we want just to create a
z1czfXn3-IM-01175-00307744-00307895 very quick and dirty class and just
z1czfXn3-IM-01176-00307896-00308215 remember the reference for that
z1czfXn3-IM-01177-00308216-00308558 okay so it's a separate syntax
z1czfXn3-IM-01178-00308559-00308934 and of course in the body of the class
z1czfXn3-IM-01179-00308935-00309199 we have we may have one method called
z1czfXn3-IM-01180-00309200-00309367 the constructor
z1czfXn3-IM-01181-00309368-00309695 if we want the meta constructor knows
z1czfXn3-IM-01182-00309696-00309958 about the classes supper class
z1czfXn3-IM-01183-00309959-00310271 so if a class is a inherited that
z1czfXn3-IM-01184-00310272-00310463 extends another classes the keyword
z1czfXn3-IM-01185-00310464-00310591 super
z1czfXn3-IM-01186-00310592-00310847 points to the to them to the model class
z1czfXn3-IM-01187-00310848-00311103 to the upper class and so we may call
z1czfXn3-IM-01188-00311104-00311154 the
z1czfXn3-IM-01189-00311155-00311575 supper.constructor if you want
z1czfXn3-IM-01190-00311576-00311910 and inside classes we may have
z1czfXn3-IM-01191-00311911-00312199 both prototype methods that apply at the
z1czfXn3-IM-01192-00312200-00312310 class level
z1czfXn3-IM-01193-00312311-00312654 or stat but may access the objects
z1czfXn3-IM-01194-00312655-00312710 because
z1czfXn3-IM-01195-00312711-00312982 the prototypes are linked to the objects
z1czfXn3-IM-01196-00312983-00313215 or static methods that are not linked
z1czfXn3-IM-01197-00313216-00313567 to any object so the prototype methods
z1czfXn3-IM-01198-00313568-00313734 which are the normal methods are normal
z1czfXn3-IM-01199-00313735-00313871 methods that can be defined
z1czfXn3-IM-01200-00313872-00314279 inside the class there's nothing new
z1czfXn3-IM-01201-00314280-00314623 just we are defining function
z1czfXn3-IM-01202-00314624-00315006 inside the scope of a class declaration
z1czfXn3-IM-01203-00315007-00315254 you see there is no function keyword
z1czfXn3-IM-01204-00315255-00315406 here there is no
z1czfXn3-IM-01205-00315407-00315782 arrows our fat arrow a symbol here
z1czfXn3-IM-01206-00315783-00315934 so we are just it's like defining a
z1czfXn3-IM-01207-00315935-00316103 function but without
z1czfXn3-IM-01208-00316104-00316447 the function keyword if you do that
z1czfXn3-IM-01209-00316448-00316567 inside the class
z1czfXn3-IM-01210-00316568-00316967 this function will automatically become
z1czfXn3-IM-01211-00316968-00317271 a property of every object
z1czfXn3-IM-01212-00317272-00317591 created by that class they are called
z1czfXn3-IM-01213-00317592-00317743 prototype methods because they are
z1czfXn3-IM-01214-00317744-00317839 stored
z1czfXn3-IM-01215-00317840-00318167 into the prototype of the of the class
z1czfXn3-IM-01216-00318168-00318519 of the function is the same okay
z1czfXn3-IM-01217-00318520-00318806 so when you define a method inside the
z1czfXn3-IM-01218-00318807-00318895 body
z1czfXn3-IM-01219-00318896-00319158 of the of the of a class just remember
z1czfXn3-IM-01220-00319159-00319423 not to put the function keyword you are
z1czfXn3-IM-01221-00319424-00319487 using the
z1czfXn3-IM-01222-00319488-00319775 the class declaration syntax this will
z1czfXn3-IM-01223-00319776-00319951 automatically become
z1czfXn3-IM-01224-00319952-00320287 a property of the class prototype and of
z1czfXn3-IM-01225-00320288-00320454 course it will be accessible
z1czfXn3-IM-01226-00320455-00321023 to every object created by that class
z1czfXn3-IM-01227-00321024-00321230 so we are rebuilding let's say with
z1czfXn3-IM-01228-00321231-00321334 classes and
z1czfXn3-IM-01229-00321335-00321623 prototypes what is the normal way of
z1czfXn3-IM-01230-00321624-00321727 thinking in java
z1czfXn3-IM-01231-00321728-00321943 we define a method and every object will
z1czfXn3-IM-01232-00321944-00322415 have that method
z1czfXn3-IM-01233-00322416-00322663 the class is no matter the class
z1czfXn3-IM-01234-00322664-00322943 prototypes are different from classes
z1czfXn3-IM-01235-00322944-00323287 protesters are special objects
z1czfXn3-IM-01236-00323288-00323487 that we may use to store properties
z1czfXn3-IM-01237-00323488-00323615 inside
z1czfXn3-IM-01238-00323616-00323919 prototypes are just objects classes
z1czfXn3-IM-01239-00323920-00324230 are more like functions
z1czfXn3-IM-01240-00324231-00324567 okay every function every class has
z1czfXn3-IM-01241-00324568-00324854 its own private object which is called
z1czfXn3-IM-01242-00324855-00324975 prototype
z1czfXn3-IM-01243-00324976-00325295 where we can store some other
z1czfXn3-IM-01244-00325296-00325630 attributes that will be linked
z1czfXn3-IM-01245-00325631-00325791 this object prototype will be linked to
z1czfXn3-IM-01246-00325792-00325999 every object created by the function or
z1czfXn3-IM-01247-00326000-00326279 created by the class
z1czfXn3-IM-01248-00326280-00326582 okay so if we have the the notion of a
z1czfXn3-IM-01249-00326583-00326782 function or a class which is an item
z1czfXn3-IM-01250-00326783-00326854 that creates
z1czfXn3-IM-01251-00326855-00327247 objects this is a sort of a factor of
z1czfXn3-IM-01252-00327248-00327430 for creating objects
z1czfXn3-IM-01253-00327431-00327663 but then we have this prototype object
z1czfXn3-IM-01254-00327664-00327758 which is an object
z1czfXn3-IM-01255-00327759-00327958 it's not a function it's not some code
z1czfXn3-IM-01256-00327959-00328071 it's a store
z1czfXn3-IM-01257-00328072-00328415 where we can have extra properties
z1czfXn3-IM-01258-00328416-00328951 that are accessible to all the objects
z1czfXn3-IM-01259-00328952-00329303 if i go back to this
z1czfXn3-IM-01260-00329304-00329727 you see that the function person here
z1czfXn3-IM-01261-00329728-00330030 is different from the function from the
z1czfXn3-IM-01262-00330031-00330215 person prototype
z1czfXn3-IM-01263-00330216-00330471 so we have a function and we have the
z1czfXn3-IM-01264-00330472-00330815 prototype of that function
z1czfXn3-IM-01265-00330816-00331015 uh we can access the prototype that
z1czfXn3-IM-01266-00331016-00331182 defines you with the function name
z1czfXn3-IM-01267-00331183-00331443 dot prototype which is the same as the
z1czfXn3-IM-01268-00331444-00331582 classname.prototype
z1czfXn3-IM-01269-00331583-00332039 and every object um
z1czfXn3-IM-01270-00332040-00332343 created from that function or from that
z1czfXn3-IM-01271-00332344-00332423 class
z1czfXn3-IM-01272-00332424-00332654 is automatically linked to the prototype
z1czfXn3-IM-01273-00332655-00332751 object
z1czfXn3-IM-01274-00332752-00332927 you see it maybe it may seem strange
z1czfXn3-IM-01275-00332928-00333182 that the prototype objp
z1czfXn3-IM-01276-00333183-00333663 is not linked to person to the function
z1czfXn3-IM-01277-00333664-00333943 because i i don't want an object to
z1czfXn3-IM-01278-00333944-00334103 share the same methods
z1czfXn3-IM-01279-00334104-00334495 as the function object no i want
z1czfXn3-IM-01280-00334496-00334775 the method to share some methods with
z1czfXn3-IM-01281-00334776-00334799 the
z1czfXn3-IM-01282-00334800-00335047 methods i personally want to add to that
z1czfXn3-IM-01283-00335048-00335134 specific
z1czfXn3-IM-01284-00335135-00335663 creation of creator function
z1czfXn3-IM-01285-00335664-00335854 the prototype you are saying is like a
z1czfXn3-IM-01286-00335855-00336082 context accessible to that type of
z1czfXn3-IM-01287-00336083-00336319 object
z1czfXn3-IM-01288-00336320-00336599 yes if you want to call it it's just a
z1czfXn3-IM-01289-00336600-00336719 normal object
z1czfXn3-IM-01290-00336720-00336982 which is connected to the to every
z1czfXn3-IM-01291-00336983-00337110 function or to every
z1czfXn3-IM-01292-00337111-00337391 class that you are creating okay is the
z1czfXn3-IM-01293-00337392-00337615 storage common to all the
z1czfXn3-IM-01294-00337616-00337823 instances of that function or of that
z1czfXn3-IM-01295-00337824-00337999 class
z1czfXn3-IM-01296-00338000-00338223 when we are programming we don't need to
z1czfXn3-IM-01297-00338224-00338430 remember all these details okay these
z1czfXn3-IM-01298-00338431-00338719 are just the inner mechanisms
z1czfXn3-IM-01299-00338720-00338951 so we are defining the method at the
z1czfXn3-IM-01300-00338952-00339134 class level and we expect
z1czfXn3-IM-01301-00339135-00339382 every object to be able to call this
z1czfXn3-IM-01302-00339383-00339447 method
z1czfXn3-IM-01303-00339448-00339782 that's it internally we have the
z1czfXn3-IM-01304-00339783-00339871 prototype and
z1czfXn3-IM-01305-00339872-00340439 these mechanisms that are working okay
z1czfXn3-IM-01306-00340440-00340647 that just because sometimes in the code
z1czfXn3-IM-01307-00340648-00340778 you will see something like
z1czfXn3-IM-01308-00340779-00340975 function.prototype equals something and
z1czfXn3-IM-01309-00340976-00341054 so
z1czfXn3-IM-01310-00341055-00341319 you may understand what is happening
z1czfXn3-IM-01311-00341320-00341519 like i said this is syntactic sugar so
z1czfXn3-IM-01312-00341520-00341639 classics are
z1czfXn3-IM-01313-00341640-00341958 using the class scope to put
z1czfXn3-IM-01314-00341959-00342310 elements inside the prototype
z1czfXn3-IM-01315-00342311-00342606 there are also special methods that uh
z1czfXn3-IM-01316-00342607-00342751 that can be defined
z1czfXn3-IM-01317-00342752-00343071 that are called get and set methods
z1czfXn3-IM-01318-00343072-00343447 um that can actually decide
z1czfXn3-IM-01319-00343448-00343758 what happens when you try to access a
z1czfXn3-IM-01320-00343759-00343919 property
z1czfXn3-IM-01321-00343920-00344247 so remember that in javascript we don't
z1czfXn3-IM-01322-00344248-00344334 have
z1czfXn3-IM-01323-00344335-00344575 accessor methods within java in java we
z1czfXn3-IM-01324-00344576-00344791 are used to have private properties
z1czfXn3-IM-01325-00344792-00344975 and then for every private property a
z1czfXn3-IM-01326-00344976-00345254 public get and a public set method
z1czfXn3-IM-01327-00345255-00345430 okay here we don't have anything of that
z1czfXn3-IM-01328-00345431-00345663 sort we have a property which is not
z1czfXn3-IM-01329-00345664-00345710 private
z1czfXn3-IM-01330-00345711-00345975 we cannot make a property private the
z1czfXn3-IM-01331-00345976-00346134 all properties are public so we are just
z1czfXn3-IM-01332-00346135-00346334 reading and writing them
z1czfXn3-IM-01333-00346335-00346678 not fast but sometimes when we
z1czfXn3-IM-01334-00346679-00346887 read the property or we especially when
z1czfXn3-IM-01335-00346888-00347039 we write a property we want to do some
z1czfXn3-IM-01336-00347040-00347271 computation we don't do something else
z1czfXn3-IM-01337-00347272-00347503 so there is a mechanism for redefining
z1czfXn3-IM-01338-00347504-00347719 what happens when with the property
z1czfXn3-IM-01339-00347720-00347934 so actually if we are doing something
z1czfXn3-IM-01340-00347935-00348063 like
z1czfXn3-IM-01341-00348064-00348415 x equal plus dot a like we said before
z1czfXn3-IM-01342-00348416-00348854 we are accessing property a
z1czfXn3-IM-01343-00348855-00349071 normally we will access directly this
z1czfXn3-IM-01344-00349072-00349158 property
z1czfXn3-IM-01345-00349159-00349599 but if do we have a method called get a
z1czfXn3-IM-01346-00349600-00349951 then actually this access operation
z1czfXn3-IM-01347-00349952-00350223 will call this method and we'll execute
z1czfXn3-IM-01348-00350224-00350310 this code
z1czfXn3-IM-01349-00350311-00350687 so the value that is returned may not be
z1czfXn3-IM-01350-00350688-00350895 actually the the prop the value of
z1czfXn3-IM-01351-00350896-00351143 property a but may contain some other
z1czfXn3-IM-01352-00351144-00351606 computation so we can redefine
z1czfXn3-IM-01353-00351607-00351839 is the reverse okay in java to access an
z1czfXn3-IM-01354-00351840-00351967 object you have to
z1czfXn3-IM-01355-00351968-00352254 you have to define a get function here
z1czfXn3-IM-01356-00352255-00352519 for reading a function and a property
z1czfXn3-IM-01357-00352520-00352839 we just use the dot syntax
z1czfXn3-IM-01358-00352840-00353134 but sometimes we can redefine what
z1czfXn3-IM-01359-00353135-00353206 happens
z1czfXn3-IM-01360-00353207-00353415 transparently invisibly when you
z1czfXn3-IM-01361-00353416-00353519 actually call
z1czfXn3-IM-01362-00353520-00353847 this method read this property or
z1czfXn3-IM-01363-00353848-00354343 in the set when you write this property
z1czfXn3-IM-01364-00354344-00354510 so let's not confuse them with the
z1czfXn3-IM-01365-00354511-00354710 normal java method for accessing method
z1czfXn3-IM-01366-00354711-00354871 these are useless in javascript you
z1czfXn3-IM-01367-00354872-00355030 don't need them
z1czfXn3-IM-01368-00355031-00355327 these uh getters and setters are only if
z1czfXn3-IM-01369-00355328-00355454 you want to redefine
z1czfXn3-IM-01370-00355455-00355751 the default behavior of a get or a set
z1czfXn3-IM-01371-00355752-00355910 operation
z1czfXn3-IM-01372-00355911-00356143 you will never call these methods
z1czfXn3-IM-01373-00356144-00356319 yourselves
z1czfXn3-IM-01374-00356320-00356487 because they will be automatically
z1czfXn3-IM-01375-00356488-00356758 called whenever you access a property
z1czfXn3-IM-01376-00356759-00357087 with the normal dot syntax okay so
z1czfXn3-IM-01377-00357088-00357415 i they're not used very much
z1czfXn3-IM-01378-00357416-00357615 uh but i mentioned them just to avoid
z1czfXn3-IM-01379-00357616-00357767 the confusion with the with the java
z1czfXn3-IM-01380-00357768-00357910 setters and getters which are
z1czfXn3-IM-01381-00357911-00358071 the normal way of accessing elements
z1czfXn3-IM-01382-00358072-00358247 here there are special way
z1czfXn3-IM-01383-00358248-00358615 for redefining the way
z1czfXn3-IM-01384-00358616-00358910 and also we have a static keyword that
z1czfXn3-IM-01385-00358911-00359182 defines uh
z1czfXn3-IM-01386-00359183-00359423 methods available for the at the class
z1czfXn3-IM-01387-00359424-00359734 level
z1czfXn3-IM-01388-00359735-00360078 but they cannot be
z1czfXn3-IM-01389-00360079-00360334 actually they're useless if i can use a
z1czfXn3-IM-01390-00360335-00360447 word they are just
z1czfXn3-IM-01391-00360448-00360743 defined inside the class but they don't
z1czfXn3-IM-01392-00360744-00360982 share nothing with that class
z1czfXn3-IM-01393-00360983-00361415 so they cannot use any of the properties
z1czfXn3-IM-01394-00361416-00361654 uh you see that for example this method
z1czfXn3-IM-01395-00361655-00361751 uses
z1czfXn3-IM-01396-00361752-00361887 that the comparison with the width
z1czfXn3-IM-01397-00361888-00362103 property
z1czfXn3-IM-01398-00362104-00362343 here but it needs to receive a copy of
z1czfXn3-IM-01399-00362344-00362447 the object's and b
z1czfXn3-IM-01400-00362448-00362719 so it cannot access properties of the
z1czfXn3-IM-01401-00362720-00362887 objects itself because it's defined
z1czfXn3-IM-01402-00362888-00363199 outside the function it's like an
z1czfXn3-IM-01403-00363200-00363278 external
z1czfXn3-IM-01404-00363279-00363471 function it's stagnant external method
z1czfXn3-IM-01405-00363472-00363623 okay so there's no
z1czfXn3-IM-01406-00363624-00363782 basically no difference between a static
z1czfXn3-IM-01407-00363783-00363975 method and the function which is defined
z1czfXn3-IM-01408-00363976-00364082 normally
z1czfXn3-IM-01409-00364083-00364430 outside the class itself maybe you want
z1czfXn3-IM-01410-00364431-00364558 to keep it there
z1czfXn3-IM-01411-00364559-00364758 but it doesn't have any special access
z1czfXn3-IM-01412-00364759-00364991 to the internal of the class itself
z1czfXn3-IM-01413-00364992-00365199 it can be called you see that can be
z1czfXn3-IM-01414-00365200-00365334 called
z1czfXn3-IM-01415-00365335-00365663 without instantiating object so it's
z1czfXn3-IM-01416-00365664-00365806 just a method that you can a utility
z1czfXn3-IM-01417-00365807-00365863 method that
z1czfXn3-IM-01418-00365864-00366175 you can call it's similar to a
z1czfXn3-IM-01419-00366176-00366399 to a javastatic method but since in java
z1czfXn3-IM-01420-00366400-00366503 you cannot have
z1czfXn3-IM-01421-00366504-00366758 functions outside classes static is
z1czfXn3-IM-01422-00366759-00366934 important because it's needed
z1czfXn3-IM-01423-00366935-00367110 since in javascript you may have
z1czfXn3-IM-01424-00367111-00367303 functions outside classes
z1czfXn3-IM-01425-00367304-00367623 adding statics doesn't give you
z1czfXn3-IM-01426-00367624-00367815 much advantage also because you don't
z1czfXn3-IM-01427-00367816-00367982 have any visibility problems
z1czfXn3-IM-01428-00367983-00368199 because all the variables are accessible
z1czfXn3-IM-01429-00368200-00368358 but they included them so that
z1czfXn3-IM-01430-00368359-00368519 people coming from java would be more
z1czfXn3-IM-01431-00368520-00368710 happy
z1czfXn3-IM-01432-00368711-00369095 and finally we also have this extends
z1czfXn3-IM-01433-00369096-00369399 keyword that is used to create
z1czfXn3-IM-01434-00369400-00369719 subclasses from existing classes
z1czfXn3-IM-01435-00369720-00369892 and the extensor
z1czfXn3-IM-01436-00369893-00370054 [Music]
z1czfXn3-IM-01437-00370055-00370399 works like we first build
z1czfXn3-IM-01438-00370400-00370647 an object we call the constructor or the
z1czfXn3-IM-01439-00370648-00370743 supper class
z1czfXn3-IM-01440-00370744-00370982 to set some properties and then call the
z1czfXn3-IM-01441-00370983-00371151 constructor of the lower class
z1czfXn3-IM-01442-00371152-00371439 to set other properties and we do that
z1czfXn3-IM-01443-00371440-00371799 explicitly with the with supper call
z1czfXn3-IM-01444-00371800-00372134 and and then we we are
z1czfXn3-IM-01445-00372135-00372439 we will have objects that inherit or
z1czfXn3-IM-01446-00372440-00372527 link
z1czfXn3-IM-01447-00372528-00372782 to the prototype of all the classes so
z1czfXn3-IM-01448-00372783-00372958 basically in this case we have
z1czfXn3-IM-01449-00372959-00373278 a student s which is prototype linked to
z1czfXn3-IM-01450-00373279-00373447 the prototype of student
z1czfXn3-IM-01451-00373448-00373758 and this one is also prototype linked to
z1czfXn3-IM-01452-00373759-00373910 the prototype of person
z1czfXn3-IM-01453-00373911-00374110 so we have two steps and then of course
z1czfXn3-IM-01454-00374111-00374254 of object
z1czfXn3-IM-01455-00374255-00374510 so we are adding one way of having a
z1czfXn3-IM-01456-00374511-00374654 longer prototype chain
z1czfXn3-IM-01457-00374655-00374902 is that of creating an object from a
z1czfXn3-IM-01458-00374903-00375134 class that inherits from another class
z1czfXn3-IM-01459-00375135-00375382 and these prototypes are all linked
z1czfXn3-IM-01460-00375383-00375654 together in a chain
z1czfXn3-IM-01461-00375655-00375943 and it behaves like like we we expect
z1czfXn3-IM-01462-00375944-00376087 basically so
z1czfXn3-IM-01463-00376088-00376367 objects created by lower classes may
z1czfXn3-IM-01464-00376368-00376558 have access to the properties of the
z1czfXn3-IM-01465-00376559-00376854 upper classes okay
z1czfXn3-IM-01466-00376855-00377063 the last topic of course we don't have
z1czfXn3-IM-01467-00377064-00377230 time to to dig into that
z1czfXn3-IM-01468-00377231-00377463 but i will leave it uh for you to to
z1czfXn3-IM-01469-00377464-00377558 browse through the
z1czfXn3-IM-01470-00377559-00377799 to the slides adjust the center because
z1czfXn3-IM-01471-00377800-00377958 we already used that
z1czfXn3-IM-01472-00377959-00378358 uh the syntax for modules
z1czfXn3-IM-01473-00378359-00378639 it's a it's not a complex topic we
z1czfXn3-IM-01474-00378640-00378775 already noticed
z1czfXn3-IM-01475-00378776-00379102 that for creating program over multiple
z1czfXn3-IM-01476-00379103-00379151 files
z1czfXn3-IM-01477-00379152-00379343 we need to have modules and import them
z1czfXn3-IM-01478-00379344-00379510 and so on and we use the
z1czfXn3-IM-01479-00379511-00379806 two different syntaxes for modules one
z1czfXn3-IM-01480-00379807-00379878 is using the
z1czfXn3-IM-01481-00379879-00380182 import keyword and the other was for the
z1czfXn3-IM-01482-00380183-00380487 require function
z1czfXn3-IM-01483-00380488-00380847 why because in node.js they started
z1czfXn3-IM-01484-00380848-00381078 defining a way for importing modules
z1czfXn3-IM-01485-00381079-00381327 with the required functions much before
z1czfXn3-IM-01486-00381328-00381558 there was a standard mechanism in
z1czfXn3-IM-01487-00381559-00381734 javascript for handy modules
z1czfXn3-IM-01488-00381735-00381982 and when the startup standard came with
z1czfXn3-IM-01489-00381983-00382110 es6
z1czfXn3-IM-01490-00382111-00382319 it defined its own mechanism using
z1czfXn3-IM-01491-00382320-00382543 export and import statements
z1czfXn3-IM-01492-00382544-00382887 okay and it was incompatible with what
z1czfXn3-IM-01493-00382888-00383334 was the habit in in requiring.js
z1czfXn3-IM-01494-00383335-00383615 and so right now we have two kinds of
z1czfXn3-IM-01495-00383616-00383847 syntaxes for using modules
z1czfXn3-IM-01496-00383848-00384343 one is the standard es6 syntax
z1czfXn3-IM-01497-00384344-00384575 and the other is so called the old the
z1czfXn3-IM-01498-00384576-00384663 old way is
z1czfXn3-IM-01499-00384664-00385015 called the common js syntax
z1czfXn3-IM-01500-00385016-00385334 okay and so in these slides basically
z1czfXn3-IM-01501-00385335-00385406 what you have
z1czfXn3-IM-01502-00385407-00385623 is some information basically practical
z1czfXn3-IM-01503-00385624-00385734 information about
z1czfXn3-IM-01504-00385735-00386110 how to write an export statement
z1czfXn3-IM-01505-00386111-00386423 in an export statement work in x6
z1czfXn3-IM-01506-00386424-00386695 and basically work in the browser and
z1czfXn3-IM-01507-00386696-00386934 also in recent version of node.js but
z1czfXn3-IM-01508-00386935-00386975 not
z1czfXn3-IM-01509-00386976-00387151 all not all the dependencies are being
z1czfXn3-IM-01510-00387152-00387334 updated to to handle
z1czfXn3-IM-01511-00387335-00387543 import and export so in node.js right
z1czfXn3-IM-01512-00387544-00387647 now we have a mixed
z1czfXn3-IM-01513-00387648-00387902 environment which some modules can be
z1czfXn3-IM-01514-00387903-00388078 called with import and export and some
z1czfXn3-IM-01515-00388079-00388175 model
z1czfXn3-IM-01516-00388176-00388406 can only be called with require so
z1czfXn3-IM-01517-00388407-00388558 usually not we still work
z1czfXn3-IM-01518-00388559-00388839 with the old syntax in the browser we
z1czfXn3-IM-01519-00388840-00388919 may use
z1czfXn3-IM-01520-00388920-00389199 we must use export and import and so
z1czfXn3-IM-01521-00389200-00389430 there are different ways of exporting
z1czfXn3-IM-01522-00389431-00389847 a single value or a set of values
z1czfXn3-IM-01523-00389848-00390151 uh and they can be imported like with
z1czfXn3-IM-01524-00390152-00390502 we already are you using import
z1czfXn3-IM-01525-00390503-00390719 one name from a module and the module
z1czfXn3-IM-01526-00390720-00390919 here is the name of the file
z1czfXn3-IM-01527-00390920-00391119 that contains with a with a search
z1czfXn3-IM-01528-00391120-00391247 algorithm
z1czfXn3-IM-01529-00391248-00391543 um we are we you can find some details
z1czfXn3-IM-01530-00391544-00391639 about the syntax
z1czfXn3-IM-01531-00391640-00391799 nothing is nothing difficult but
z1czfXn3-IM-01532-00391800-00392015 different variation of the syntaxes
z1czfXn3-IM-01533-00392016-00392263 that we already used here you can find
z1czfXn3-IM-01534-00392264-00392478 the basically the the references
z1czfXn3-IM-01535-00392479-00392848 for that for renaming and so on and
z1czfXn3-IM-01536-00392849-00392967 [Music]
z1czfXn3-IM-01537-00392968-00393134 from the browser modules should be
z1czfXn3-IM-01538-00393135-00393495 loaded with the type equal to module
z1czfXn3-IM-01539-00393496-00393710 we didn't use that up to now because it
z1czfXn3-IM-01540-00393711-00393847 requires a server
z1czfXn3-IM-01541-00393848-00394047 so we can import we will learn to import
z1czfXn3-IM-01542-00394048-00394158 modules in the browser
z1czfXn3-IM-01543-00394159-00394399 right now uh react is doing that for us
z1czfXn3-IM-01544-00394400-00394510 so we are not doing
z1czfXn3-IM-01545-00394511-00394839 this explicitly we couldn't show you how
z1czfXn3-IM-01546-00394840-00394982 to do that by hand
z1czfXn3-IM-01547-00394983-00395151 because we didn't have a server yet so
z1czfXn3-IM-01548-00395152-00395358 it doesn't work from files
z1czfXn3-IM-01549-00395359-00395734 that is why we had to you know to delay
z1czfXn3-IM-01550-00395735-00395934 the the presentation modules until we
z1czfXn3-IM-01551-00395935-00395999 have more
z1czfXn3-IM-01552-00396000-00396206 more more information because it
z1czfXn3-IM-01553-00396207-00396487 couldn't be really used at the beginning
z1czfXn3-IM-01554-00396488-00396710 and we have also a twitter slides at the
z1czfXn3-IM-01555-00396711-00397015 end about common ggs modules
z1czfXn3-IM-01556-00397016-00397319 that tell you basically about the
z1czfXn3-IM-01557-00397320-00397543 function that object exports
z1czfXn3-IM-01558-00397544-00397806 and the function require that are the
z1czfXn3-IM-01559-00397807-00397991 alternative mechanisms for in
z1czfXn3-IM-01560-00397992-00398182 your required module and you receive an
z1czfXn3-IM-01561-00398183-00398358 object that object
z1czfXn3-IM-01562-00398359-00398639 has some properties that you can use
z1czfXn3-IM-01563-00398640-00398751 internally
z1czfXn3-IM-01564-00398752-00399071 and how is this object created by easily
z1czfXn3-IM-01565-00399072-00399334 by adding properties your own properties
z1czfXn3-IM-01566-00399335-00399495 to a predefined object which is called
z1czfXn3-IM-01567-00399496-00399647 exports
z1czfXn3-IM-01568-00399648-00399919 so you call it just export dot and you
z1czfXn3-IM-01569-00399920-00400063 add the properties
z1czfXn3-IM-01570-00400064-00400367 and everything you add to these exports
z1czfXn3-IM-01571-00400368-00400647 predefine objects in node.js will
z1czfXn3-IM-01572-00400648-00400943 automatically be available as a property
z1czfXn3-IM-01573-00400944-00401191 of the the object that is returned by
z1czfXn3-IM-01574-00401192-00401382 the required method
z1czfXn3-IM-01575-00401383-00401671 so all concepts that we already used in
z1czfXn3-IM-01576-00401672-00401895 an informal way and here you just find
z1czfXn3-IM-01577-00401896-00401967 that
z1czfXn3-IM-01578-00401968-00402239 some say a better explanation about the
z1czfXn3-IM-01579-00402240-00402302 syntax
z1czfXn3-IM-01580-00402303-00402551 if you have any any doubt about this any
z1czfXn3-IM-01581-00402552-00402654 question about this
z1czfXn3-IM-01582-00402655-00402934 maybe we can solve them uh through the
z1czfXn3-IM-01583-00402935-00403030 chat
z1czfXn3-IM-01584-00403031-00403310 because nothing uh really really complex
z1czfXn3-IM-01585-00403311-00403558 to understand
z1czfXn3-IM-01586-00403559-00404087 okay i think that's all for today
z1czfXn3-IM-01587-00404088-00404327 next week on the lab remember the lab
z1czfXn3-IM-01588-00404328-00404487 will be all online
z1czfXn3-IM-01589-00404488-00404847 and you will have to use the router for
z1czfXn3-IM-01590-00404848-00405151 restructuring your
z1czfXn3-IM-01591-00405152-00405319 your application it will also be the
z1czfXn3-IM-01592-00405320-00405575 last lab of the big lab number one so at
z1czfXn3-IM-01593-00405576-00405743 the end of next week you have you will
z1czfXn3-IM-01594-00405744-00405934 have to submit it for get your
z1czfXn3-IM-01595-00405935-00406230 extra pointed exam and the next week
z1czfXn3-IM-01596-00406231-00406351 we'll start
z1czfXn3-IM-01597-00406352-00406695 uh discussing the server side of web
z1czfXn3-IM-01598-00406696-00406839 applications
z1czfXn3-IM-01599-00406840-00407175 with express the web server
z1czfXn3-IM-01600-00407176-00407510 and so that to be able to you know to
z1czfXn3-IM-01601-00407511-00407791 link the client with the server and the
z1czfXn3-IM-01602-00407792-00407902 big lab number two
z1czfXn3-IM-01603-00407903-00408191 will work on the server side and joining
z1czfXn3-IM-01604-00408192-00408343 the client and the server side at the
z1czfXn3-IM-01605-00408344-00408382 end
z1czfXn3-IM-01606-00408383-00408710 will be so we are starting to see the
z1czfXn3-IM-01607-00408711-00408878 delight at the end of the tunnel of this
z1czfXn3-IM-01608-00408879-00409030 course okay
z1czfXn3-IM-01609-00409031-00409351 so thanks for listening and see you next
z1czfXn3-IM-01610-00409352-00409399 week
z1czfXn3-IM-01611-00409400-00410088 for to everybody thank you bye
z4Hr1jdfqSU-00000-00000000-00000991 [Music]
z4Hr1jdfqSU-00001-00000992-00001164 thank you
z4Hr1jdfqSU-00002-00001165-00002129 [Music]
z4NcrV7XOPY-00000-00000384-00000551 greetings douglas county my name is
z4NcrV7XOPY-00001-00000552-00000711 kelly robinson vice chair of the douglas
z4NcrV7XOPY-00002-00000712-00000854 county board of commissioners and
z4NcrV7XOPY-00003-00000855-00001062 commissioner of the second district we
z4NcrV7XOPY-00004-00001063-00001270 have a very exciting and very important
z4NcrV7XOPY-00005-00001271-00001431 program that we offer the citizens
z4NcrV7XOPY-00006-00001432-00001702 called connect douglas connecting you to
z4NcrV7XOPY-00007-00001703-00002023 wherever you have to be where you are
z4NcrV7XOPY-00008-00002023-00002207 i want to thank all the staff that are
z4NcrV7XOPY-00009-00002208-00002439 here on support for you guys whenever
z4NcrV7XOPY-00010-00002440-00002687 you need a ride anywhere you want to go
z4NcrV7XOPY-00011-00002688-00002950 again connect douglas connecting you to
z4NcrV7XOPY-00012-00002951-00003284 where you want to be
z97fwgSDKkU-00000-00000053-00000322 the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research
z97fwgSDKkU-00001-00000323-00000703 Center also known as Fred hutch or the
z97fwgSDKkU-00002-00000704-00001000 hutch is a Cancer Research Institute
z97fwgSDKkU-00003-00001001-00001378 established in 1972 in Seattle
z97fwgSDKkU-00004-00001379-00002023 Washington
z97fwgSDKkU-00005-00002025-00002628 topic history
z97fwgSDKkU-00006-00002629-00002913 the center grew out of the Pacific
z97fwgSDKkU-00007-00002914-00003308 Northwest Research Foundation founded in
z97fwgSDKkU-00008-00003309-00003908 1956 by dr. William B Hutchinson 1909 to
z97fwgSDKkU-00009-00003909-00004407 1997 the foundation was dedicated to the
z97fwgSDKkU-00010-00004408-00004722 study of heart surgery cancer and
z97fwgSDKkU-00011-00004723-00005104 diseases of the endocrine system
z97fwgSDKkU-00012-00005105-00005526 Hutchinson's younger brother Fred 1919
z97fwgSDKkU-00013-00005527-00005943 to 1964 was a major league pitcher and
z97fwgSDKkU-00014-00005944-00006243 manager who died of lung cancer at age
z97fwgSDKkU-00015-00006244-00006762 45 the next year he established the Fred
z97fwgSDKkU-00016-00006763-00007053 Hutchinson Cancer Research Center as a
z97fwgSDKkU-00017-00007054-00007241 division of the Pacific Northwest
z97fwgSDKkU-00018-00007242-00007575 Research Foundation with the help of
z97fwgSDKkU-00019-00007576-00008106 Senator Warren G Magnuson in 1972 P NRF
z97fwgSDKkU-00020-00008106-00008352 received federal funding under the
z97fwgSDKkU-00021-00008353-00008787 National Cancer Act of 1971 to create in
z97fwgSDKkU-00022-00008788-00009164 Seattle one of the 15 new nci-designated
z97fwgSDKkU-00023-00009165-00009513 cancer centers aimed at conducting basic
z97fwgSDKkU-00024-00009514-00009918 research called for under 1971 Act the
z97fwgSDKkU-00025-00009919-00010176 Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center
z97fwgSDKkU-00026-00010177-00010635 became independent 1972 and its building
z97fwgSDKkU-00027-00010636-00011187 opened three years later in 1975 the
z97fwgSDKkU-00028-00011188-00011534 center was named an NCI designated
z97fwgSDKkU-00029-00011535-00012044 comprehensive cancer center in 1976 in
z97fwgSDKkU-00030-00012045-00012387 1998 the Center formed the Seattle
z97fwgSDKkU-00031-00012388-00012699 Cancer Care Alliance SCCA
z97fwgSDKkU-00032-00012700-00013113 a separate nonprofit corporation with UW
z97fwgSDKkU-00033-00013113-00013524 Medicine and Seattle Children's this
z97fwgSDKkU-00034-00013525-00013797 solidified the center's reach into
z97fwgSDKkU-00035-00013797-00014061 clinical care and was essential for it
z97fwgSDKkU-00036-00014062-00014408 retaining its NCI comprehensive center
z97fwgSDKkU-00037-00014409-00014750 designation the designation was extended
z97fwgSDKkU-00038-00014751-00015033 to the center's consortium including the
z97fwgSDKkU-00039-00015034-00015418 SCCA in 2003
z97fwgSDKkU-00040-00015419-00015878 SC CAS outpatient clinic first opened in
z97fwgSDKkU-00041-00015879-00016436 January 2001 in 2001 the Seattle Times
z97fwgSDKkU-00042-00016437-00016760 published a series of articles alleging
z97fwgSDKkU-00043-00016761-00016994 that investigators at the center
z97fwgSDKkU-00044-00016995-00017267 including the center's co-founder dr.
z97fwgSDKkU-00045-00017268-00017609 Donald Thomas were conducting unethical
z97fwgSDKkU-00046-00017610-00018041 clinical studies on cancer patients the
z97fwgSDKkU-00047-00018042-00018359 paper alleged that in two cancer studies
z97fwgSDKkU-00048-00018360-00018814 conducted in the 1980s and early 1990s
z97fwgSDKkU-00049-00018815-00019106 patients were not informed about all the
z97fwgSDKkU-00050-00019107-00019379 risks of the study nor about the study
z97fwgSDKkU-00051-00019380-00019670 doctors financial interest in study
z97fwgSDKkU-00052-00019671-00020102 outcome the paper also alleged that this
z97fwgSDKkU-00053-00020103-00020369 financial interest may have contributed
z97fwgSDKkU-00054-00020370-00020645 to the doctor's failure to halt the
z97fwgSDKkU-00055-00020646-00020954 studies despite evidence that patients
z97fwgSDKkU-00056-00020955-00021197 were dying sooner and more frequently
z97fwgSDKkU-00057-00021198-00021347 than expected
z97fwgSDKkU-00058-00021348-00021767 in response the Center formed a panel of
z97fwgSDKkU-00059-00021768-00022043 independent experts to review its
z97fwgSDKkU-00060-00022044-00022361 existing research practices leading to
z97fwgSDKkU-00061-00022362-00022712 adoption of one of the nation's toughest
z97fwgSDKkU-00062-00022713-00023264 conflict of interest rules in 2014 the
z97fwgSDKkU-00063-00023265-00023549 center announced that D Gary Gilliland
z97fwgSDKkU-00064-00023550-00023954 would become president and CEO in 2015
z97fwgSDKkU-00065-00023955-00024278 he took over from Lawrence Cory who was
z97fwgSDKkU-00066-00024279-00024521 appointed as the fourth president in
z97fwgSDKkU-00067-00024522-00024851 2010 following the retirement of Lee
z97fwgSDKkU-00068-00024852-00025252 Hartwell point 201 four also saw the
z97fwgSDKkU-00069-00025253-00025526 organization adopt its longtime local
z97fwgSDKkU-00070-00025527-00026018 nickname Fred hurt as its official name
z97fwgSDKkU-00071-00026019-00026730 as part of a rebranding
z97fwgSDKkU-00072-00026731-00027424 topic notable faculty
z97fwgSDKkU-00073-00027425-00027777 the center has employed three recipients
z97fwgSDKkU-00074-00027779-00028045 of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or
z97fwgSDKkU-00075-00028045-00028279 medicine
z97fwgSDKkU-00076-00028280-00028758 Linda buck PhD who received the award in
z97fwgSDKkU-00077-00028758-00029101 2004 for solving many details of the
z97fwgSDKkU-00078-00029102-00029394 olfactory system and
z97fwgSDKkU-00079-00029395-00029805 II Donald Thomas MD who received the
z97fwgSDKkU-00080-00029806-00030207 award in 1990 for his pioneering work in
z97fwgSDKkU-00081-00030208-00030531 bone marrow transplantation and who died
z97fwgSDKkU-00082-00030532-00030823 in 2012 and
z97fwgSDKkU-00083-00030824-00031218 Lee Hartwell PhD who received the honor
z97fwgSDKkU-00084-00031219-00031602 in 2001 for his discoveries regarding
z97fwgSDKkU-00085-00031603-00031827 the mechanisms that control cell
z97fwgSDKkU-00086-00031828-00032245 division after retiring from leading the
z97fwgSDKkU-00087-00032245-00032602 center in 2010 thought well left to join
z97fwgSDKkU-00088-00032602-00033418 Arizona State University
z97fwgSDKkU-00089-00033419-00034114 topic commercialization
z97fwgSDKkU-00090-00034115-00034435 the center is active in technology
z97fwgSDKkU-00091-00034436-00034891 transfer in 2013 it was one of the top
z97fwgSDKkU-00092-00034892-00035239 10 biomedical research institutions in
z97fwgSDKkU-00093-00035240-00035596 the field excluding universities it made
z97fwgSDKkU-00094-00035597-00035919 18 new deals with companies to develop
z97fwgSDKkU-00095-00035920-00036214 inventions made at the center and earned
z97fwgSDKkU-00096-00036215-00036493 ten million six hundred and eighty four
z97fwgSDKkU-00097-00036494-00036733 thousand eight hundred and eighty two
z97fwgSDKkU-00098-00036734-00037045 dollars in income from past deals it had
z97fwgSDKkU-00099-00037046-00037604 signed most notably Juno therapeutics a
z97fwgSDKkU-00100-00037605-00037942 company developing Carty immunotherapy
z97fwgSDKkU-00101-00037943-00038204 for cancer and that raised three hundred
z97fwgSDKkU-00102-00038205-00038407 and fourteen million dollars in venture
z97fwgSDKkU-00103-00038408-00038873 capital investments and had a 265
z97fwgSDKkU-00104-00038874-00039157 million dollars initial public offering
z97fwgSDKkU-00105-00039158-00039548 in 2014 was started based on inventions
z97fwgSDKkU-00106-00039549-00040087 made at the center as of 2015 about 20
z97fwgSDKkU-00107-00040088-00040342 companies had been started based on
z97fwgSDKkU-00108-00040343-00040760 center inventions since 1975 including
z97fwgSDKkU-00109-00040761-00041599 immune x and i ce o--'s
z97fwgSDKkU-00110-00041600-00042215 topic campus
z97fwgSDKkU-00111-00042216-00042584 the Institute's main campus consists of
z97fwgSDKkU-00112-00042585-00043136 13 buildings on 15 acres 6.1 hectares in
z97fwgSDKkU-00113-00043137-00043385 the South Lake Union neighborhood of
z97fwgSDKkU-00114-00043386-00043793 Seattle in 1987 the center began
z97fwgSDKkU-00115-00043794-00044111 exploring possible new homes to replace
z97fwgSDKkU-00116-00044112-00044417 its nine building campus on first Hill
z97fwgSDKkU-00117-00044418-00044813 that it was set to outgrow a site in the
z97fwgSDKkU-00118-00044814-00045143 South Lake Union neighborhood envisioned
z97fwgSDKkU-00119-00045144-00045425 by the city as a future high-tech and
z97fwgSDKkU-00120-00045426-00045710 biotechnology hub was chosen in
z97fwgSDKkU-00121-00045711-00046112 September 1988 after a deal to move to
z97fwgSDKkU-00122-00046113-00046402 Fremont fell through earlier that year
z97fwgSDKkU-00123-00046403-00046778 the first phase of the campus designed
z97fwgSDKkU-00124-00046779-00047045 by firm Zimmer Gunn shall Frasca
z97fwgSDKkU-00125-00047046-00047453 partnership began construction in 1991
z97fwgSDKkU-00126-00047454-00047849 and opened on June 1st 1993 in a
z97fwgSDKkU-00127-00047850-00048119 ceremony that included the burying of a
z97fwgSDKkU-00128-00048120-00048538 time capsule set to open in 2093
z97fwgSDKkU-00129-00048539-00048923 the campus is accessible via the Mercer
z97fwgSDKkU-00130-00048924-00049244 Street exit of interstate 5 as well as
z97fwgSDKkU-00131-00049245-00049526 several public transportation routes
z97fwgSDKkU-00132-00049527-00049868 including the South Lake Union streetcar
z97fwgSDKkU-00133-00049869-00050126 and the city's bike share system
z97fwgSDKkU-00134-00050127-00050519 pronto cycle share