_KqbQWd0Mao-00000-00000187-00001461 [Music]
_KqbQWd0Mao-00001-00001462-00001588 [Applause]
_KqbQWd0Mao-00002-00001589-00003399 [Music]
_KqbQWd0Mao-00003-00003400-00006200 [Applause]
_KqbQWd0Mao-00004-00006201-00006855 [Music]
_KqbQWd0Mao-00005-00006856-00007259 ah
_KqbQWd0Mao-00006-00007261-00007755 [Music]
_KqbQWd0Mao-00007-00007756-00008281 [Applause]
_KqbQWd0Mao-00008-00008282-00008972 [Music]
_KqbQWd0Mao-00009-00008973-00009174 [Music]
_KqbQWd0Mao-00010-00009175-00009384 you
_Paa9st04eM-00000-00000639-00000854 hey everyone this is monkey1000 and
_Paa9st04eM-00001-00000855-00001191 today we are going to bake
_Paa9st04eM-00002-00001192-00001503 a it's called peppermint bark recipe i
_Paa9st04eM-00003-00001504-00001823 have found found it online
_Paa9st04eM-00004-00001823-00002118 i was at work and totally bored out of
_Paa9st04eM-00005-00002119-00002359 my mind
_Paa9st04eM-00006-00002360-00002655 really
_Paa9st04eM-00007-00002656-00002815 it's terrible
_Paa9st04eM-00008-00002816-00003071 anyways so what we're going to do it's a
_Paa9st04eM-00009-00003072-00003254 simple recipe that you can make for
_Paa9st04eM-00010-00003255-00003438 christmas and
_Paa9st04eM-00011-00003439-00003519 yeah
_Paa9st04eM-00012-00003520-00003599 so
_Paa9st04eM-00013-00003600-00003870 stay tuned
_Paa9st04eM-00014-00003871-00004047 okay guys so
_Paa9st04eM-00015-00004047-00004303 what i'm going to do i'm going to use
_Paa9st04eM-00016-00004304-00004535 this chocolate we're going to melt this
_Paa9st04eM-00017-00004536-00004767 and i'm going to put it out and then
_Paa9st04eM-00018-00004768-00005022 well you can use the white
_Paa9st04eM-00019-00005023-00005254 after it hardens and you can put this on
_Paa9st04eM-00020-00005255-00005575 the top and then you can put your candy
_Paa9st04eM-00021-00005576-00005799 on top i wanted to get candy canes but i
_Paa9st04eM-00022-00005800-00005999 couldn't find any so i'm going to use
_Paa9st04eM-00023-00006000-00006247 these and smash them up and then i'll
_Paa9st04eM-00024-00006248-00006431 sprinkle them on top so that's what
_Paa9st04eM-00025-00006431-00006550 we're going to do
_Paa9st04eM-00026-00006551-00006791 and so i'm going to do this and melt
_Paa9st04eM-00027-00006792-00006934 this first
_Paa9st04eM-00028-00006936-00007246 i'm going to put parchment paper on here
_Paa9st04eM-00029-00007247-00007519 and
_Paa9st04eM-00030-00007520-00007774 then we'll come back and
_Paa9st04eM-00031-00007775-00008119 you guys can watch me pour it on
_Paa9st04eM-00032-00008120-00008414 so that's what we're kind of gonna do
_Paa9st04eM-00033-00008415-00008855 okay so stay back stay tuned
_Paa9st04eM-00034-00008856-00009127 he's over here making me nervous
_Paa9st04eM-00035-00009128-00009351 and he's telling me what i need and what
_Paa9st04eM-00036-00009352-00009639 i should do and yeah so
_Paa9st04eM-00037-00009640-00009878 i'm a little nervous and then also i got
_Paa9st04eM-00038-00009879-00010095 some of this so you can put some
_Paa9st04eM-00039-00010096-00010319 peppermint flavoring in it if you want
_Paa9st04eM-00040-00010320-00010478 you don't have to
_Paa9st04eM-00041-00010479-00010838 but i thought i'd try it that way too so
_Paa9st04eM-00042-00010839-00011071 all right stay tuned okay so i don't
_Paa9st04eM-00043-00011072-00011278 know how much you got i thought i was
_Paa9st04eM-00044-00011279-00011446 recording and i'm not
_Paa9st04eM-00045-00011447-00011646 so stay there please
_Paa9st04eM-00046-00011647-00011951 and um so i poured the chocolate in here
_Paa9st04eM-00047-00011952-00012270 and i'm just gonna let it cool down and
_Paa9st04eM-00048-00012271-00012510 what i'm doing now i got the candy and
_Paa9st04eM-00049-00012511-00012742 i'm gonna put them in the plastic bag
_Paa9st04eM-00050-00012743-00012935 and then we're gonna crush them and i'll
_Paa9st04eM-00051-00012936-00013143 bring you back when i do that so stay
_Paa9st04eM-00052-00013144-00013247 tuned
_Paa9st04eM-00053-00013247-00013543 okay guys so now we're back and i'm
_Paa9st04eM-00054-00013544-00013711 gonna bring you around so you can see a
_Paa9st04eM-00055-00013712-00013911 little bit better you're facing the
_Paa9st04eM-00056-00013912-00014063 chocolate too much
_Paa9st04eM-00057-00014063-00014391 all right there we go
_Paa9st04eM-00058-00014391-00014583 let's bring it down a little bit there
_Paa9st04eM-00059-00014584-00014775 we go
_Paa9st04eM-00060-00014776-00014911 all right so
_Paa9st04eM-00061-00014912-00015079 i put all the candy took them out of the
_Paa9st04eM-00062-00015080-00015311 wrappers and i got them in my baggie
_Paa9st04eM-00063-00015312-00015455 right here
_Paa9st04eM-00064-00015456-00015822 now i've got one that's one whole bag
_Paa9st04eM-00065-00015823-00016222 so i'm gonna crush these we need
_Paa9st04eM-00066-00016223-00016375 one-fourths
_Paa9st04eM-00067-00016376-00016535 um
_Paa9st04eM-00068-00016536-00016767 oh you need a whole cup so hopefully
_Paa9st04eM-00069-00016768-00016943 this is cup if not we'll have to crush
_Paa9st04eM-00070-00016944-00017079 some more
_Paa9st04eM-00071-00017080-00017749 so we're going to break these all up
_Paa9st04eM-00072-00017750-00018127 [Music]
_Paa9st04eM-00073-00018128-00018335 you can also use you can use other
_Paa9st04eM-00074-00018336-00018558 things you use almonds you cannot use
_Paa9st04eM-00075-00018559-00018807 almonds and cherries you can use peanut
_Paa9st04eM-00076-00018808-00019158 butter chips you can use oreos
_Paa9st04eM-00077-00019159-00019439 and use m m's if you like
_Paa9st04eM-00078-00019440-00019750 and you can use caramel bits
_Paa9st04eM-00079-00019751-00019991 whatever you want to do
_Paa9st04eM-00080-00019992-00020199 this is christmas so we want to use the
_Paa9st04eM-00081-00020200-00020886 christmas thing
_Paa9st04eM-00082-00020887-00021818 ouch pretty my hand here
_Paa9st04eM-00083-00021819-00021983 [Music]
_Paa9st04eM-00084-00021984-00022175 make sure it's locked so it doesn't fall
_Paa9st04eM-00085-00022176-00022350 out
_Paa9st04eM-00086-00022351-00023135 there we go
_Paa9st04eM-00087-00023136-00023294 and you can make them as small as you
_Paa9st04eM-00088-00023295-00023519 want
_Paa9st04eM-00089-00023520-00023686 whatever you want to do
_Paa9st04eM-00090-00023687-00023935 i'm just chopping them up to
_Paa9st04eM-00091-00023936-00024407 get them out
_Paa9st04eM-00092-00024408-00025358 there you go
_Paa9st04eM-00093-00025359-00025606 see when you're upset or mad about
_Paa9st04eM-00094-00025607-00026395 something you take it out on this
_Paa9st04eM-00095-00026397-00026670 [Music]
_Paa9st04eM-00096-00026672-00027872 got two more in here
_Paa9st04eM-00097-00027873-00028983 [Music]
_Paa9st04eM-00098-00028983-00029735 i've got one up here
_Paa9st04eM-00099-00029736-00029862 okay
_Paa9st04eM-00100-00029863-00030262 i think that's pretty good
_Paa9st04eM-00101-00030263-00030462 well i mentioned that but i couldn't get
_Paa9st04eM-00102-00030463-00030543 any
_Paa9st04eM-00103-00030544-00030623 so
_Paa9st04eM-00104-00030624-00030839 that's why i got these
_Paa9st04eM-00105-00030839-00031239 because they were all sold out of course
_Paa9st04eM-00106-00031239-00031470 yeah
_Paa9st04eM-00107-00031472-00031551 so
_Paa9st04eM-00108-00031552-00031702 i'm gonna pour this in here we're gonna
_Paa9st04eM-00109-00031703-00031911 see how much we got and if i need more
_Paa9st04eM-00110-00031912-00032127 i'm gonna open up the other one and
_Paa9st04eM-00111-00032127-00032318 we'll do some more
_Paa9st04eM-00112-00032319-00032479 but
_Paa9st04eM-00113-00032480-00032758 and that's cooling over there
_Paa9st04eM-00114-00032760-00033159 so let's see how much we got here
_Paa9st04eM-00115-00033160-00033287 all right
_Paa9st04eM-00116-00033288-00033455 i don't know
_Paa9st04eM-00117-00033456-00033743 let me see
_Paa9st04eM-00118-00033744-00033846 oh
_Paa9st04eM-00119-00033847-00033990 no
_Paa9st04eM-00120-00033991-00034095 it's
_Paa9st04eM-00121-00034096-00034302 so we'll probably have to use another
_Paa9st04eM-00122-00034303-00034446 whole bag
_Paa9st04eM-00123-00034447-00034646 and then we'll be perfect
_Paa9st04eM-00124-00034647-00034862 oh we should be perfect now this one got
_Paa9st04eM-00125-00034863-00035015 a hole in it so i'm going to use another
_Paa9st04eM-00126-00035016-00035190 one so i don't get it all over my
_Paa9st04eM-00127-00035191-00035295 counter
_Paa9st04eM-00128-00035296-00035662 and we'll do that and i'll be right back
_Paa9st04eM-00129-00035663-00035823 okay guys so
_Paa9st04eM-00130-00035824-00035935 i got
_Paa9st04eM-00131-00035936-00036127 i cleaned out the microwave it was quite
_Paa9st04eM-00132-00036128-00036239 a mess
_Paa9st04eM-00133-00036240-00036407 i am
_Paa9st04eM-00134-00036408-00036711 got a whole cup here as you can see
_Paa9st04eM-00135-00036712-00036871 i just didn't put you through the
_Paa9st04eM-00136-00036872-00037167 process you saw it the first time okay
_Paa9st04eM-00137-00037168-00037367 so what we got to do now we got to do
_Paa9st04eM-00138-00037368-00037615 these bars so i'm going to break these
_Paa9st04eM-00139-00037616-00037846 up into the bowl and i'm going to nuke
_Paa9st04eM-00140-00037847-00038095 it for a few minutes and until it gets
_Paa9st04eM-00141-00038096-00038183 nice
_Paa9st04eM-00142-00038184-00038383 and then we're going to put the
_Paa9st04eM-00143-00038384-00038623 peppermint in it
_Paa9st04eM-00144-00038624-00038799 and then we're going to put a little bit
_Paa9st04eM-00145-00038800-00039046 of the um
_Paa9st04eM-00146-00039047-00039311 extract in there to give it a little bit
_Paa9st04eM-00147-00039312-00039743 more uh peppermint taste
_Paa9st04eM-00148-00039744-00039830 so
_Paa9st04eM-00149-00039831-00039990 we're gonna do this we're gonna open
_Paa9st04eM-00150-00039991-00040230 these up
_Paa9st04eM-00151-00040231-00040439 and
_Paa9st04eM-00152-00040440-00040662 i'm gonna put these in here
_Paa9st04eM-00153-00040663-00040895 in my bowl
_Paa9st04eM-00154-00040896-00041335 because these are um
_Paa9st04eM-00155-00041336-00041558 i'm reading here so
_Paa9st04eM-00156-00041559-00041687 i'm just going to throw these in the
_Paa9st04eM-00157-00041688-00041815 bowl
_Paa9st04eM-00158-00041816-00042158 and i'll move them as slowly
_Paa9st04eM-00159-00042159-00042543 30 seconds at a time and stir it up
_Paa9st04eM-00160-00042544-00042774 until it gets melted
_Paa9st04eM-00161-00042775-00042895 and
_Paa9st04eM-00162-00042896-00043151 or you can do it over the stove you know
_Paa9st04eM-00163-00043152-00043367 the old way like your grandma's used to
_Paa9st04eM-00164-00043368-00043462 do
_Paa9st04eM-00165-00043463-00043767 it's up to you what you want to do
_Paa9st04eM-00166-00043768-00044030 i like the quick way
_Paa9st04eM-00167-00044031-00044374 so it makes life a little little nicer
_Paa9st04eM-00168-00044375-00044567 and you can get it done a little faster
_Paa9st04eM-00169-00044568-00044871 depends you know how busy you are
_Paa9st04eM-00170-00044872-00045095 you might want to whip this up because
_Paa9st04eM-00171-00045096-00045358 you got company coming and
_Paa9st04eM-00172-00045359-00045639 they just kind of appeared
_Paa9st04eM-00173-00045640-00045862 or they're on their way and you want to
_Paa9st04eM-00174-00045863-00046023 give them something so you want to make
_Paa9st04eM-00175-00046024-00046167 something like this
_Paa9st04eM-00176-00046168-00046302 so there you go
_Paa9st04eM-00177-00046303-00046551 now i'm gonna do the nuking part
_Paa9st04eM-00178-00046552-00046815 and then i'll come back
_Paa9st04eM-00179-00046816-00047079 okay guys oops
_Paa9st04eM-00180-00047080-00047383 oops i forgot to turn on the mic
_Paa9st04eM-00181-00047384-00047558 no he left it on
_Paa9st04eM-00182-00047559-00047702 okay
_Paa9st04eM-00183-00047703-00047839 all right so
_Paa9st04eM-00184-00047840-00048135 okay guys so i microwaved this this is
_Paa9st04eM-00185-00048136-00048367 supposed to be
_Paa9st04eM-00186-00048368-00048495 white
_Paa9st04eM-00187-00048496-00048702 and they call it it's white chocolate
_Paa9st04eM-00188-00048703-00048927 that's what this is this is all i could
_Paa9st04eM-00189-00048928-00049207 get so this is what i have but i thought
_Paa9st04eM-00190-00049208-00049439 it would be white like you know looking
_Paa9st04eM-00191-00049440-00049527 white
_Paa9st04eM-00192-00049528-00049774 but it's really not it's kind of like
_Paa9st04eM-00193-00049775-00049958 chocolate
_Paa9st04eM-00194-00049959-00050095 so
_Paa9st04eM-00195-00050096-00050495 anyways so i got this melted
_Paa9st04eM-00196-00050496-00050662 excuse me
_Paa9st04eM-00197-00050663-00050918 now what we're going to do
_Paa9st04eM-00198-00050919-00051167 we're going to pour some of this in here
_Paa9st04eM-00199-00051168-00051430 so when i pour it on top it all go in
_Paa9st04eM-00200-00051432-00051638 together so i'm not going to use all of
_Paa9st04eM-00201-00051639-00051846 it in here though
_Paa9st04eM-00202-00051847-00052119 because um you know i'm just going to
_Paa9st04eM-00203-00052120-00052302 blend it in
_Paa9st04eM-00204-00052303-00052463 and then i'm going to put a little bit
_Paa9st04eM-00205-00052464-00052647 of extract in there
_Paa9st04eM-00206-00052648-00052815 you don't want to use a whole bunch but
_Paa9st04eM-00207-00052816-00053054 just enough to give it a little bit more
_Paa9st04eM-00208-00053055-00053279 i hope you can see that yeah you can so
_Paa9st04eM-00209-00053279-00053550 i'm just mixing them in
_Paa9st04eM-00210-00053551-00053775 okay and then i'm gonna take some of
_Paa9st04eM-00211-00053776-00053942 this
_Paa9st04eM-00212-00053944-00054142 and i'm just gonna put
_Paa9st04eM-00213-00054144-00054326 a drop or two
_Paa9st04eM-00214-00054327-00054438 careful
_Paa9st04eM-00215-00054439-00054703 yeah cause this will pour out real quick
_Paa9st04eM-00216-00054704-00055159 so you have to be careful with this
_Paa9st04eM-00217-00055160-00055254 and
_Paa9st04eM-00218-00055255-00055494 so
_Paa9st04eM-00219-00055495-00055703 just just to give it another flavor if
_Paa9st04eM-00220-00055704-00055887 you don't want to you don't have to the
_Paa9st04eM-00221-00055888-00056391 candy canes that you use will be enough
_Paa9st04eM-00222-00056391-00056638 that's enough
_Paa9st04eM-00223-00056639-00056799 you heard that sizzle because it's very
_Paa9st04eM-00224-00056800-00056966 hot so
_Paa9st04eM-00225-00056967-00057471 okay so what i'm gonna do now
_Paa9st04eM-00226-00057472-00057623 now they're both the same colors so
_Paa9st04eM-00227-00057624-00057791 you're not really going to tell the
_Paa9st04eM-00228-00057791-00057903 difference
_Paa9st04eM-00229-00057904-00058215 but hopefully by the taste you will
_Paa9st04eM-00230-00058216-00058319 um
_Paa9st04eM-00231-00058320-00058607 and if i had gotten you know what i
_Paa9st04eM-00232-00058608-00058879 really needed to get
_Paa9st04eM-00233-00058879-00059182 but it was all gone so
_Paa9st04eM-00234-00059183-00059407 um
_Paa9st04eM-00235-00059408-00059566 so all you're gonna do is pour this on
_Paa9st04eM-00236-00059567-00059838 top kinda
_Paa9st04eM-00237-00059839-00060175 and just kind of pour it on top
_Paa9st04eM-00238-00060176-00060319 do what you want
_Paa9st04eM-00239-00060320-00060542 yeah i can thin it out and just put it
_Paa9st04eM-00240-00060544-00060830 on top and make two layers
_Paa9st04eM-00241-00060832-00060966 and then
_Paa9st04eM-00242-00060967-00061071 you'll see
_Paa9st04eM-00243-00061072-00061366 you can smell it
_Paa9st04eM-00244-00061367-00061599 and
_Paa9st04eM-00245-00061600-00062166 let's just see how well this works
_Paa9st04eM-00246-00062167-00062375 i don't know if i'm gonna i don't think
_Paa9st04eM-00247-00062376-00062606 i'll use all of it on here i don't think
_Paa9st04eM-00248-00062607-00062782 i'll need to
_Paa9st04eM-00249-00062783-00063087 because it gets hard real quick
_Paa9st04eM-00250-00063088-00063319 it's cooling off and as it cools off
_Paa9st04eM-00251-00063320-00063591 it's hard so
_Paa9st04eM-00252-00063591-00063703 and
_Paa9st04eM-00253-00063704-00064054 i just want to be able to move it around
_Paa9st04eM-00254-00064055-00064294 without paper moving it around
_Paa9st04eM-00255-00064295-00064438 so
_Paa9st04eM-00256-00064439-00064671 and you can just put it inside a little
_Paa9st04eM-00257-00064672-00064705 bit
_Paa9st04eM-00258-00064707-00065191 [Music]
_Paa9st04eM-00259-00065191-00065391 just kind of
_Paa9st04eM-00260-00065391-00065887 stretch it out
_Paa9st04eM-00261-00065888-00066182 it's cooling down quickly
_Paa9st04eM-00262-00066183-00066406 so
_Paa9st04eM-00263-00066407-00066887 probably not going to use it all
_Paa9st04eM-00264-00066888-00067103 paper is moving so i have to hold it
_Paa9st04eM-00265-00067104-00067282 onto
_Paa9st04eM-00266-00067283-00067582 it i use parched paper it says you can
_Paa9st04eM-00267-00067583-00067894 use wax paper to me the same thing kind
_Paa9st04eM-00268-00067895-00068015 of
_Paa9st04eM-00269-00068016-00068126 so
_Paa9st04eM-00270-00068127-00068382 that's what i had so
_Paa9st04eM-00271-00068383-00068879 that's what i used
_Paa9st04eM-00272-00068880-00069031 and you can make it a little bit bigger
_Paa9st04eM-00273-00069032-00069150 if you want
_Paa9st04eM-00274-00069151-00069294 okay so
_Paa9st04eM-00275-00069295-00069487 now what i'm gonna do i'm gonna take
_Paa9st04eM-00276-00069488-00069671 some of these
_Paa9st04eM-00277-00069672-00069918 and let me get a spoon
_Paa9st04eM-00278-00069919-00070063 [Music]
_Paa9st04eM-00279-00070064-00070255 and i'm just gonna
_Paa9st04eM-00280-00070256-00070599 pour the candy on top drizzle it around
_Paa9st04eM-00281-00070600-00071031 and just do it like that
_Paa9st04eM-00282-00071032-00071359 hopefully you can see what i'm doing
_Paa9st04eM-00283-00071360-00071671 and just put it on top
_Paa9st04eM-00284-00071672-00071831 now you can make all kinds of them
_Paa9st04eM-00285-00071832-00072071 different kinds different flavors you
_Paa9st04eM-00286-00072072-00072303 know you can be creative and do it
_Paa9st04eM-00287-00072304-00072455 whatever you like
_Paa9st04eM-00288-00072456-00072719 if you've done this before
_Paa9st04eM-00289-00072720-00072871 and
_Paa9st04eM-00290-00072872-00073111 that's a good thing all right so it says
_Paa9st04eM-00291-00073112-00073303 a whole cup but i really didn't need
_Paa9st04eM-00292-00073304-00073503 this whole cup
_Paa9st04eM-00293-00073504-00073694 i mean it depends how much you want to
_Paa9st04eM-00294-00073695-00073871 put on here i mean do you want to put it
_Paa9st04eM-00295-00073872-00074038 all on
_Paa9st04eM-00296-00074039-00074311 or you don't have to i mean i'm just
_Paa9st04eM-00297-00074312-00074390 gonna
_Paa9st04eM-00298-00074391-00074543 [Music]
_Paa9st04eM-00299-00074544-00074926 you know
_Paa9st04eM-00300-00074927-00075215 oops
_Paa9st04eM-00301-00075216-00075479 and i mean a lot of it's not all of it's
_Paa9st04eM-00302-00075480-00075655 not gonna stick you know
_Paa9st04eM-00303-00075656-00075926 but
_Paa9st04eM-00304-00075927-00076143 yeah i think so too it's not a whole cup
_Paa9st04eM-00305-00076144-00076271 though
_Paa9st04eM-00306-00076272-00076606 so i think half a cup was fine
_Paa9st04eM-00307-00076607-00076879 you know
_Paa9st04eM-00308-00076880-00077071 i guess it depends how much you're
_Paa9st04eM-00309-00077072-00077326 making and
_Paa9st04eM-00310-00077327-00077935 i used what it says so
_Paa9st04eM-00311-00077936-00078111 there you go
_Paa9st04eM-00312-00078112-00078294 and i got a little leftover i don't
_Paa9st04eM-00313-00078295-00078423 think i'm gonna put any more in there
_Paa9st04eM-00314-00078424-00078638 that's plenty
_Paa9st04eM-00315-00078639-00079271 you know
_Paa9st04eM-00316-00079272-00079559 i might have should have maybe went down
_Paa9st04eM-00317-00079560-00079838 a little bit more on the candy made it a
_Paa9st04eM-00318-00079839-00080111 little bit more like that i do have some
_Paa9st04eM-00319-00080112-00080287 bigger pieces in there that i should
_Paa9st04eM-00320-00080288-00080423 have maybe chopped up a little bit
_Paa9st04eM-00321-00080424-00080575 longer
_Paa9st04eM-00322-00080576-00080662 but
_Paa9st04eM-00323-00080663-00080862 first time i ever done it so
_Paa9st04eM-00324-00080863-00081022 and there you go
_Paa9st04eM-00325-00081023-00081135 [Music]
_Paa9st04eM-00326-00081136-00081423 so now what i'm going to do is let it
_Paa9st04eM-00327-00081424-00081694 cool and you let it cool for an hour
_Paa9st04eM-00328-00081695-00081847 and you can put it in the fridge or the
_Paa9st04eM-00329-00081848-00082087 freezer just to get it going faster if
_Paa9st04eM-00330-00082088-00082231 you want or you can just leave it on the
_Paa9st04eM-00331-00082232-00082423 counter and let it do its thing
_Paa9st04eM-00332-00082424-00082862 so we'll come back after it is
_Paa9st04eM-00333-00082863-00083847 really done
_Paa9st04eM-00334-00083848-00084015 okay guys so
_Paa9st04eM-00335-00084016-00084455 i'm trying to uh i had to do a narration
_Paa9st04eM-00336-00084456-00084750 over this um it was staticky
_Paa9st04eM-00337-00084751-00085015 with the mic so um
_Paa9st04eM-00338-00085016-00085175 i don't know if i just didn't have it
_Paa9st04eM-00339-00085176-00085526 plugged in all the way i'm good at that
_Paa9st04eM-00340-00085527-00085823 so anyways i'm getting ready to break
_Paa9st04eM-00341-00085824-00086135 all the pieces up on the bark
_Paa9st04eM-00342-00086136-00086326 and i'm looking for a plate at the
_Paa9st04eM-00343-00086327-00086599 moment and uh
_Paa9st04eM-00344-00086600-00086806 yeah so we're gonna break up all these
_Paa9st04eM-00345-00086807-00087038 little pieces you can make them any size
_Paa9st04eM-00346-00087039-00087167 you want
_Paa9st04eM-00347-00087168-00087318 you can
_Paa9st04eM-00348-00087319-00087550 make some small ones you can make big
_Paa9st04eM-00349-00087551-00087782 ones it doesn't matter you're just going
_Paa9st04eM-00350-00087783-00088047 to take them off the paper and start
_Paa9st04eM-00351-00088048-00089191 breaking them off
_Paa9st04eM-00352-00089192-00089511 and
_Paa9st04eM-00353-00089512-00089775 it'll take a few minutes and
_Paa9st04eM-00354-00089776-00089950 as you can see
_Paa9st04eM-00355-00089951-00090550 i'm just putting them on my plate
_Paa9st04eM-00356-00090551-00090655 and
_Paa9st04eM-00357-00090656-00090950 yeah i got big huge pizza
_Paa9st04eM-00358-00090951-00091111 so
_Paa9st04eM-00359-00091112-00091271 a little messy
_Paa9st04eM-00360-00091272-00091391 but
_Paa9st04eM-00361-00091392-00092159 it's okay
_Paa9st04eM-00362-00092160-00092415 and just set them on a plate or
_Paa9st04eM-00363-00092416-00092606 whatever you want to use them for you
_Paa9st04eM-00364-00092607-00092703 can
_Paa9st04eM-00365-00092704-00092903 you know buy the little containers and
_Paa9st04eM-00366-00092904-00093174 put them in the containers and uh take
_Paa9st04eM-00367-00093175-00093311 them to work
_Paa9st04eM-00368-00093312-00093438 um
_Paa9st04eM-00369-00093439-00093671 you know give them to somebody that's
_Paa9st04eM-00370-00093672-00093926 you know got everything and they don't
_Paa9st04eM-00371-00093927-00094287 need very much you know
_Paa9st04eM-00372-00094288-00094494 um you just
_Paa9st04eM-00373-00094495-00094759 they are hard so it's like
_Paa9st04eM-00374-00094760-00094967 a hard candy so
_Paa9st04eM-00375-00094968-00095150 if you have trouble with teeth or
_Paa9st04eM-00376-00095151-00095391 anything like that you might not want to
_Paa9st04eM-00377-00095392-00095735 eat these but you know my mom made them
_Paa9st04eM-00378-00095736-00095879 and she
_Paa9st04eM-00379-00095880-00096071 doesn't have too many left
_Paa9st04eM-00380-00096072-00096206 so um
_Paa9st04eM-00381-00096207-00096479 yeah so she liked it she was happy with
_Paa9st04eM-00382-00096480-00096559 it
_Paa9st04eM-00383-00096560-00096671 um
_Paa9st04eM-00384-00096672-00096767 yeah
_Paa9st04eM-00385-00096768-00097143 she didn't seem to have too much trouble
_Paa9st04eM-00386-00097144-00097374 so
_Paa9st04eM-00387-00097375-00097606 i'm just sprinkling some of the candy on
_Paa9st04eM-00388-00097607-00097799 top again
_Paa9st04eM-00389-00097800-00098382 so you have it
_Paa9st04eM-00390-00098383-00098606 and
_Paa9st04eM-00391-00098607-00098967 i'm gonna roll that up and throw it out
_Paa9st04eM-00392-00098968-00099167 which is nice so you don't get it all
_Paa9st04eM-00393-00099168-00099438 over
_Paa9st04eM-00394-00099439-00099855 the paper it worked pretty good
_Paa9st04eM-00395-00099856-00100126 didn't stick too badly the parched paper
_Paa9st04eM-00396-00100127-00100343 so you could use both you can use that
_Paa9st04eM-00397-00100344-00100615 or wax paper i don't think it really
_Paa9st04eM-00398-00100616-00101079 matters
_Paa9st04eM-00399-00101080-00101271 i have to go wash my hands because
_Paa9st04eM-00400-00101272-00101503 they're full of candy
_Paa9st04eM-00401-00101504-00101655 peppermint
_Paa9st04eM-00402-00101656-00101791 so
_Paa9st04eM-00403-00101792-00102159 they were sticky
_Paa9st04eM-00404-00102160-00102350 and that was it
_Paa9st04eM-00405-00102351-00102471 so
_Paa9st04eM-00406-00102472-00102686 i'm bringing it over i had brought it
_Paa9st04eM-00407-00102688-00102863 too far so you can't see it in the
_Paa9st04eM-00408-00102864-00103110 camera then i realized so i had to bring
_Paa9st04eM-00409-00103111-00103239 it back some more
_Paa9st04eM-00410-00103240-00103399 there we go
_Paa9st04eM-00411-00103400-00104118 so you can see see the end result of it
_Paa9st04eM-00412-00104119-00104382 i'm gonna raise the camera up a little
_Paa9st04eM-00413-00104383-00104542 bit so then
_Paa9st04eM-00414-00104543-00104871 i can say what i need to say to y'all
_Paa9st04eM-00415-00104872-00105134 and of course it goes on angle
_Paa9st04eM-00416-00105135-00105366 so i'm trying to straighten it
_Paa9st04eM-00417-00105367-00105783 as you'll see
_Paa9st04eM-00418-00105783-00106078 lately i've not had too much luck with
_Paa9st04eM-00419-00106079-00106302 the mics and
_Paa9st04eM-00420-00106303-00106686 with the camera i don't know why
_Paa9st04eM-00421-00106688-00106871 so
_Paa9st04eM-00422-00106872-00107039 and i'm gonna take a little piece and
_Paa9st04eM-00423-00107040-00107886 try it
_Paa9st04eM-00424-00107888-00108183 no surprise i i i didn't think i'd like
_Paa9st04eM-00425-00108183-00108415 it because i'm not one for peppermint
_Paa9st04eM-00426-00108416-00108543 but i did
_Paa9st04eM-00427-00108544-00108766 i didn't put too much in there and the
_Paa9st04eM-00428-00108767-00109039 candy wasn't overwhelming so
_Paa9st04eM-00429-00109040-00109183 it was quite good
_Paa9st04eM-00430-00109183-00109631 i was i really liked it
_Paa9st04eM-00431-00109632-00109839 and it's something simple that you can
_Paa9st04eM-00432-00109840-00110023 make
_Paa9st04eM-00433-00110024-00110254 you can put m ms and
_Paa9st04eM-00434-00110255-00110758 nuts whatever you want to do
_Paa9st04eM-00435-00110759-00110847 so
_Paa9st04eM-00436-00110848-00111399 i liked it i said it was good
_Paa9st04eM-00437-00111400-00111654 i'm trying to chew it up
_Paa9st04eM-00438-00111655-00112127 so i could talk
_Paa9st04eM-00439-00112128-00112286 and there you go
_Paa9st04eM-00440-00112288-00112415 so
_Paa9st04eM-00441-00112416-00112719 i hope you enjoyed the video and i hope
_Paa9st04eM-00442-00112720-00112927 you have a good holiday
_Paa9st04eM-00443-00112928-00113215 and uh marcus says she's out for now
_Paa9st04eM-00444-00113216-00113566 y'all you have a great great tomorrow
_Paa9st04eM-00445-00113567-00113654 and
_Paa9st04eM-00446-00113655-00113854 maybe you can make this tomorrow if you
_Paa9st04eM-00447-00113855-00114127 want or some other time you may be for
_Paa9st04eM-00448-00114128-00114239 new year's
_Paa9st04eM-00449-00114240-00114454 you know
_Paa9st04eM-00450-00114455-00114678 so
_Paa9st04eM-00451-00114679-00114895 there you go so i hope you enjoyed the
_Paa9st04eM-00452-00114896-00115183 video and have a great time and monkey
_Paa9st04eM-00453-00115183-00115390 says she's out for now
_Paa9st04eM-00454-00115391-00115551 and
_Paa9st04eM-00455-00115552-00115751 i'll wave in a minute
_Paa9st04eM-00456-00115752-00117686 and say goodbye
_Paa9st04eM-00457-00117688-00117896 you
_RQKggEVu2U-00000-00000048-00000371 the University of california-davis also
_RQKggEVu2U-00001-00000372-00000703 referred to as UCD UC Davis or Davis is
_RQKggEVu2U-00002-00000704-00000881 a public research university and
_RQKggEVu2U-00003-00000882-00001097 land-grant University as well as one of
_RQKggEVu2U-00004-00001098-00001294 the 10 campuses of the University of
_RQKggEVu2U-00005-00001295-00001630 California UC system it is adjacent to
_RQKggEVu2U-00006-00001632-00001777 Davis
_RQKggEVu2U-00007-00001778-00001979 west of Sacramento and has the third
_RQKggEVu2U-00008-00001980-00002140 largest enrollment in the UC system
_RQKggEVu2U-00009-00002141-00002471 after UCLA and UC Berkeley the
_RQKggEVu2U-00010-00002472-00002683 institution was founded as a branch in
_RQKggEVu2U-00011-00002684-00002932 1909 and became its own separate entity
_RQKggEVu2U-00012-00002933-00003277 in 1959 it has been labeled one of the
_RQKggEVu2U-00013-00003278-00003575 public Ivies a publicly funded
_RQKggEVu2U-00014-00003576-00003752 University considered to provide a
_RQKggEVu2U-00015-00003753-00003983 quality of education comparable to those
_RQKggEVu2U-00016-00003984-00004147 of the Ivy League the Carnegie
_RQKggEVu2U-00017-00004148-00004388 Foundation classifies UC Davis as a
_RQKggEVu2U-00018-00004389-00004561 comprehensive doctoral research
_RQKggEVu2U-00019-00004562-00004768 university with a medical program and
_RQKggEVu2U-00020-00004769-00005093 very high research activity the UC Davis
_RQKggEVu2U-00021-00005094-00005329 faculty includes 23 members of the
_RQKggEVu2U-00022-00005330-00005561 National Academy of Sciences 30 members
_RQKggEVu2U-00023-00005562-00005761 of the American Academy of Arts and
_RQKggEVu2U-00024-00005762-00006034 Sciences 17 members of the American Law
_RQKggEVu2U-00025-00006035-00006284 Institute 14 members of the Institute of
_RQKggEVu2U-00026-00006285-00006515 Medicine and 14 members of the National
_RQKggEVu2U-00027-00006516-00006698 Academy of Engineering among other
_RQKggEVu2U-00028-00006698-00006965 honors university faculty alumni and
_RQKggEVu2U-00029-00006966-00007142 researchers have won the Nobel Peace
_RQKggEVu2U-00030-00007143-00007316 Prize Presidential Medal of Freedom
_RQKggEVu2U-00031-00007317-00007580 Pulitzer Prize MacArthur Fellowship
_RQKggEVu2U-00032-00007581-00007790 National Medal of Science Blue Planet
_RQKggEVu2U-00033-00007791-00008003 prize and presidential Early Career
_RQKggEVu2U-00034-00008004-00008168 Award for scientists and engineers
_RQKggEVu2U-00035-00008169-00008371 founded as primarily an agricultural
_RQKggEVu2U-00036-00008372-00008666 campus the university has expanded over
_RQKggEVu2U-00037-00008667-00008897 the past century to include graduate and
_RQKggEVu2U-00038-00008898-00009101 professional programs in medicine which
_RQKggEVu2U-00039-00009102-00009356 includes the UC Davis Medical Center law
_RQKggEVu2U-00040-00009357-00009593 veterinary medicine education nursing
_RQKggEVu2U-00041-00009594-00009821 and business management in addition to
_RQKggEVu2U-00042-00009822-00010088 90 research programs offered by UC Davis
_RQKggEVu2U-00043-00010089-00010388 Graduate Studies the UC Davis School of
_RQKggEVu2U-00044-00010389-00010616 Veterinary Medicine is the largest in
_RQKggEVu2U-00045-00010617-00010799 the United States and has been ranked
_RQKggEVu2U-00046-00010800-00010958 first in the world for four consecutive
_RQKggEVu2U-00047-00010959-00011507 years 2015 2016 2017 and 2018 the UC
_RQKggEVu2U-00048-00011508-00011729 Davis Aggies athletic teams compete in
_RQKggEVu2U-00049-00011730-00012032 the NCAA Division one level primarily in
_RQKggEVu2U-00050-00012033-00012221 the Big West Conference as well as the
_RQKggEVu2U-00051-00012222-00012452 Big Sky Conference football only and the
_RQKggEVu2U-00052-00012453-00012650 mountain Pacific Sports Federation in
_RQKggEVu2U-00053-00012651-00012899 its first year of full Division one
_RQKggEVu2U-00054-00012900-00013178 status 11 UC Davis teams qualified for
_RQKggEVu2U-00055-00013179-00013394 NCAA postseason comp
_RQKggEVu2U-00056-00013394-00013715 addition
_RQKggEVu2U-00057-00013716-00014210 topic founding
_RQKggEVu2U-00058-00014211-00014738 topic university farm
_RQKggEVu2U-00059-00014738-00015068 in 1905 the California Legislature
_RQKggEVu2U-00060-00015069-00015278 passed the university farm bill which
_RQKggEVu2U-00061-00015279-00015463 called for the establishment of a farm
_RQKggEVu2U-00062-00015465-00015680 school for the University of California
_RQKggEVu2U-00063-00015681-00015893 at the time Berkeley was the sole campus
_RQKggEVu2U-00064-00015894-00016147 of the University the Commission took a
_RQKggEVu2U-00065-00016149-00016343 year to select a site for the campus a
_RQKggEVu2U-00066-00016344-00016649 tiny town then known as Davisville UC
_RQKggEVu2U-00067-00016650-00016922 Davis opened its doors as the university
_RQKggEVu2U-00068-00016923-00017237 farm to 40 degree students all male from
_RQKggEVu2U-00069-00017238-00017627 UC Berkeley in January 1909 the farm had
_RQKggEVu2U-00070-00017628-00017830 begun accepting students in non-degree
_RQKggEVu2U-00071-00017831-00018094 farmers short courses in October 1908
_RQKggEVu2U-00072-00018095-00018509 around 115 men attended the farm was
_RQKggEVu2U-00073-00018510-00018697 established largely the result of the
_RQKggEVu2U-00074-00018698-00018887 vision and perseverance of Peter J
_RQKggEVu2U-00075-00018888-00019067 shields Secretary of the State
_RQKggEVu2U-00076-00019068-00019400 Agricultural Society the Peter J shields
_RQKggEVu2U-00077-00019401-00019610 library at UC Davis was named in his
_RQKggEVu2U-00078-00019611-00019678 honor
_RQKggEVu2U-00079-00019679-00019937 shields began to champion the cause of a
_RQKggEVu2U-00080-00019938-00020122 University farm to teach agriculture
_RQKggEVu2U-00081-00020123-00020342 after learning that California students
_RQKggEVu2U-00082-00020343-00020519 were going to out-of-state universities
_RQKggEVu2U-00083-00020520-00020831 to pursue such education after two
_RQKggEVu2U-00084-00020832-00021029 failed bills a law authorizing the
_RQKggEVu2U-00085-00021030-00021247 creation of a university farm was passed
_RQKggEVu2U-00086-00021248-00021650 on March 18th 1905 Yolo County home to
_RQKggEVu2U-00087-00021651-00021869 some of California's prime farmland was
_RQKggEVu2U-00088-00021870-00022103 chosen as the site a committee appointed
_RQKggEVu2U-00089-00022104-00022300 by the Regents purchased land near
_RQKggEVu2U-00090-00022301-00022694 Davisville now Davis in 1906 the Regents
_RQKggEVu2U-00091-00022695-00022862 officially took control of the property
_RQKggEVu2U-00092-00022863-00023159 in September 1906 and constructed four
_RQKggEVu2U-00093-00023160-00023519 buildings in 1907 short courses were
_RQKggEVu2U-00094-00023520-00023774 first offered in 1908 and a three-year
_RQKggEVu2U-00095-00023775-00024081 non degree program set up in 1909 in
_RQKggEVu2U-00096-00024082-00024403 1911 the first class graduated from the
_RQKggEVu2U-00097-00024404-00024683 University farm the farm accepted its
_RQKggEVu2U-00098-00024684-00024938 first female students in 1914 from
_RQKggEVu2U-00099-00024939-00025193 Berkeley the three-year non degree
_RQKggEVu2U-00100-00025194-00025583 program continued until 1923 at that
_RQKggEVu2U-00101-00025584-00025825 time a two-year non degree program began
_RQKggEVu2U-00102-00025826-00026249 continuing until 1958 in 1922 a
_RQKggEVu2U-00103-00026250-00026452 four-year undergraduate general academic
_RQKggEVu2U-00104-00026453-00026677 program was established with the first
_RQKggEVu2U-00105-00026678-00027179 class graduating in 1926 renamed in 1922
_RQKggEVu2U-00106-00027180-00027364 is the northern branch of the College of
_RQKggEVu2U-00107-00027366-00027587 Agriculture the institution continued
_RQKggEVu2U-00108-00027588-00027877 growing at a breakneck pace in 1916 the
_RQKggEVu2U-00109-00027878-00028094 farms 314 students
_RQKggEVu2U-00110-00028095-00028487 - pied the original 778 acres 315
_RQKggEVu2U-00111-00028488-00028874 hectares campus by 1951 it had expanded
_RQKggEVu2U-00112-00028875-00029527 to a size of 3,000 acres 1,200 hectares
_RQKggEVu2U-00113-00029527-00030087 topic vii UC campus
_RQKggEVu2U-00114-00030088-00030405 in 1959 the campus was declared by the
_RQKggEVu2U-00115-00030406-00030627 Regents of the University of California
_RQKggEVu2U-00116-00030628-00030811 as the seventh general campus in the
_RQKggEVu2U-00117-00030812-00031149 University of California system Davis's
_RQKggEVu2U-00118-00031150-00031343 graduate division was established in
_RQKggEVu2U-00119-00031344-00031585 1961 followed by the College of
_RQKggEVu2U-00120-00031586-00031923 Engineering in 1962 the law school
_RQKggEVu2U-00121-00031924-00032242 opened for classes in fall 1966 and the
_RQKggEVu2U-00122-00032243-00032448 school of medicine began instruction in
_RQKggEVu2U-00123-00032449-00032782 fall 1968 in a period of increasing
_RQKggEVu2U-00124-00032783-00032995 activism a Native American Studies
_RQKggEVu2U-00125-00032996-00033298 program was started in 1969 one of the
_RQKggEVu2U-00126-00033299-00033474 first at a major university
_RQKggEVu2U-00127-00033475-00033627 it was later developed as a full
_RQKggEVu2U-00128-00033628-00034082 department within the university
_RQKggEVu2U-00129-00034083-00034623 topic notable events
_RQKggEVu2U-00130-00034624-00034956 topic 2011 pepper spray incident in
_RQKggEVu2U-00131-00034957-00035325 aftermath
_RQKggEVu2U-00132-00035326-00035580 during a protest against tuition hikes
_RQKggEVu2U-00133-00035581-00035862 on November 18 2011 a campus police
_RQKggEVu2U-00134-00035863-00036114 officer Lieutenant John Pike used pepper
_RQKggEVu2U-00135-00036115-00036333 spray on a group of seated demonstrators
_RQKggEVu2U-00136-00036334-00036492 when they refused to disperse and
_RQKggEVu2U-00137-00036493-00036696 another officer also pepper sprayed
_RQKggEVu2U-00138-00036697-00036951 demonstrators at Pike's direction the
_RQKggEVu2U-00139-00036952-00037110 incident drew international attention
_RQKggEVu2U-00140-00037111-00037347 and led to further demonstrations a
_RQKggEVu2U-00141-00037348-00037527 formal investigation and Pike's
_RQKggEVu2U-00142-00037528-00037785 departure in July 2012 documents
_RQKggEVu2U-00143-00037786-00037989 released in 2016 through a public
_RQKggEVu2U-00144-00037990-00038139 records request showed that the
_RQKggEVu2U-00145-00038140-00038508 university had spent at least $175,000
_RQKggEVu2U-00146-00038509-00038736 to attempt to scrub the internet of
_RQKggEVu2U-00147-00038737-00039030 negative postings about the incident in
_RQKggEVu2U-00148-00039031-00039309 efforts that started in 2013 California
_RQKggEVu2U-00149-00039310-00039573 newspaper the Sacramento Bee obtained a
_RQKggEVu2U-00150-00039574-00039768 document outlining the public relations
_RQKggEVu2U-00151-00039769-00040014 strategy which stated Nevins and
_RQKggEVu2U-00152-00040015-00040242 associates is prepared to create and
_RQKggEVu2U-00153-00040243-00040479 execute an online branding campaign
_RQKggEVu2U-00154-00040480-00040632 designed to clean up the negative
_RQKggEVu2U-00155-00040633-00040823 attention the University of
_RQKggEVu2U-00156-00040824-00041088 california-davis and Chancellor Katehi
_RQKggEVu2U-00157-00041089-00041328 have received related to the events that
_RQKggEVu2U-00158-00041329-00041748 transpired in November 2011 the strategy
_RQKggEVu2U-00159-00041749-00041973 included an aggressive and comprehensive
_RQKggEVu2U-00160-00041974-00042222 online campaign to eliminate the
_RQKggEVu2U-00161-00042223-00042498 negative search results intended to
_RQKggEVu2U-00162-00042499-00042780 achieve the eradication of references to
_RQKggEVu2U-00163-00042781-00042960 the pepper spray incident in search
_RQKggEVu2U-00164-00042961-00043206 results on Google for the University and
_RQKggEVu2U-00165-00043207-00043500 the Chancellor the university's
_RQKggEVu2U-00166-00043501-00043719 strategic communications office which
_RQKggEVu2U-00167-00043720-00043857 has worked on the management of the
_RQKggEVu2U-00168-00043858-00044055 reputation of the University and its
_RQKggEVu2U-00169-00044056-00044217 Chancellor has had its budget
_RQKggEVu2U-00170-00044218-00044388 substantially increased since the
_RQKggEVu2U-00171-00044389-00044577 current Chancellor took office rising
_RQKggEVu2U-00172-00044578-00044739 from two point nine three million
_RQKggEVu2U-00173-00044740-00045006 dollars in 2009 to five point four seven
_RQKggEVu2U-00174-00045007-00045414 million dollars in 2015 in August 2016
_RQKggEVu2U-00175-00045415-00045609 Kaddi he resigned his Chancellor and
_RQKggEVu2U-00176-00045610-00045783 under the terms of her contract will
_RQKggEVu2U-00177-00045784-00045933 continue to be a full-time faculty
_RQKggEVu2U-00178-00045934-00046370 member at UCD
_RQKggEVu2U-00179-00046371-00046876 topic campus
_RQKggEVu2U-00180-00046877-00047411 topic size and location
_RQKggEVu2U-00181-00047412-00047642 although named after the city of Davis
_RQKggEVu2U-00182-00047643-00047834 the campus is technically located
_RQKggEVu2U-00183-00047835-00048023 adjacent to the city of Davis in an
_RQKggEVu2U-00184-00048024-00048209 unincorporated part of Yolo and Solano
_RQKggEVu2U-00185-00048210-00048548 counties the main campus is located 15
_RQKggEVu2U-00186-00048549-00049112 miles 24.1 km/h mon Tove Ali part of
_RQKggEVu2U-00187-00049113-00049295 California's Central Valley and is
_RQKggEVu2U-00188-00049296-00049598 adjacent to interstate 80 the city of
_RQKggEVu2U-00189-00049599-00049823 Davis as a college town with the ratio
_RQKggEVu2U-00190-00049824-00049976 of students to long term residents
_RQKggEVu2U-00191-00049977-00050230 estimated at one to four also
_RQKggEVu2U-00192-00050231-00050417 contributing to the college town
_RQKggEVu2U-00193-00050418-00050624 environment as the close proximity of
_RQKggEVu2U-00194-00050625-00050876 downtown Davis to the campus main quad a
_RQKggEVu2U-00195-00050877-00051134 matter of a few blocks and five to ten
_RQKggEVu2U-00196-00051135-00051301 minute walk or bike ride
_RQKggEVu2U-00197-00051302-00051548 Davis's 15-minute distance from
_RQKggEVu2U-00198-00051549-00051745 Sacramento provides it with both the
_RQKggEVu2U-00199-00051746-00051940 isolation critical to fostering a
_RQKggEVu2U-00200-00051941-00052112 college town environment while also
_RQKggEVu2U-00201-00052113-00052267 providing a lively and large
_RQKggEVu2U-00202-00052269-00052453 metropolitan area nearby
_RQKggEVu2U-00203-00052454-00052732 although the campus itself is vast the
_RQKggEVu2U-00204-00052733-00052949 entire community of Davis is relatively
_RQKggEVu2U-00205-00052950-00053176 small and is easily traversable on bike
_RQKggEVu2U-00206-00053177-00053401 utilizing Davis's extensive bicycle
_RQKggEVu2U-00207-00053402-00053721 trails
_RQKggEVu2U-00208-00053722-00054259 topic campus cork quad
_RQKggEVu2U-00209-00054260-00054523 towards the northeast end of campus as
_RQKggEVu2U-00210-00054524-00054756 the quad a large rectangular field which
_RQKggEVu2U-00211-00054757-00054954 was the historic geographic center of
_RQKggEVu2U-00212-00054955-00055257 campus earlier in the campus history the
_RQKggEVu2U-00213-00055258-00055453 few campus buildings surrounded the four
_RQKggEVu2U-00214-00055454-00055704 sides of the quad today though the
_RQKggEVu2U-00215-00055705-00055903 campus has grown significantly and the
_RQKggEVu2U-00216-00055904-00056110 geographic center of campus has shifted
_RQKggEVu2U-00217-00056111-00056304 the quad remains the center of campus
_RQKggEVu2U-00218-00056305-00056473 life anchored to the north by the
_RQKggEVu2U-00219-00056474-00056679 Memorial Union Student Union to the
_RQKggEVu2U-00220-00056680-00056892 south by shields library and to the west
_RQKggEVu2U-00221-00056894-00057105 and southeast by Wellman and Olson halls
_RQKggEVu2U-00222-00057106-00057415 respectively the Memorial Union complex
_RQKggEVu2U-00223-00057416-00057618 houses Freeborn Hall in the Memorial
_RQKggEVu2U-00224-00057619-00057768 Union which houses various
_RQKggEVu2U-00225-00057769-00057973 establishments such as the UC Davis
_RQKggEVu2U-00226-00057974-00058279 bookstore the northeast side of campus
_RQKggEVu2U-00227-00058279-00058455 holds more of the core buildings that
_RQKggEVu2U-00228-00058456-00058678 were built earlier in UC Davis's history
_RQKggEVu2U-00229-00058679-00058968 such as well Munhall shields library MRA
_RQKggEVu2U-00230-00058969-00059311 K Hall and Hutchinson Hall also notable
_RQKggEVu2U-00231-00059312-00059485 in this northeastern corner as the
_RQKggEVu2U-00232-00059486-00059667 labyrinth and social sciences and
_RQKggEVu2U-00233-00059669-00059878 humanities building designed by antoine
_RQKggEVu2U-00234-00059879-00060099 predock known to students as the death
_RQKggEVu2U-00235-00060100-00060725 star for its angular metallic design
_RQKggEVu2U-00236-00060726-00061322 topic south main campus in south campus
_RQKggEVu2U-00237-00061323-00061577 the majority of Equestrian Center and
_RQKggEVu2U-00238-00061578-00061760 animal sciences buildings are located
_RQKggEVu2U-00239-00061761-00061988 near the Arboretum waterway away from
_RQKggEVu2U-00240-00061989-00062201 the core campus the West entry parking
_RQKggEVu2U-00241-00062202-00062426 complex the silo Union and the newly
_RQKggEVu2U-00242-00062427-00062629 constructed science lecture hall and the
_RQKggEVu2U-00243-00062630-00062842 science laboratory building are located
_RQKggEVu2U-00244-00062844-00062992 nearer to the torch arrow residence
_RQKggEVu2U-00245-00062994-00063263 halls in the core of campus the Mondavi
_RQKggEVu2U-00246-00063264-00063494 Center home of the University Symphony
_RQKggEVu2U-00247-00063495-00063698 Orchestra and other cultural events is
_RQKggEVu2U-00248-00063699-00063869 also located near the torch arrow
_RQKggEVu2U-00249-00063870-00064211 complex
_RQKggEVu2U-00250-00064212-00064901 topic west campus for most of UC Davis's
_RQKggEVu2U-00251-00064902-00065104 history West Campus has served primarily
_RQKggEVu2U-00252-00065105-00065435 as agricultural research land recently
_RQKggEVu2U-00253-00065436-00065612 portions were developed through a three
_RQKggEVu2U-00254-00065613-00065813 hundred million dollars public-private
_RQKggEVu2U-00255-00065814-00066035 partnership to form the largest zero net
_RQKggEVu2U-00256-00066036-00066230 energy community in the United States
_RQKggEVu2U-00257-00066231-00066532 known as UC Davis West Village West
_RQKggEVu2U-00258-00066533-00066767 Village will provide housing for 3,000
_RQKggEVu2U-00259-00066768-00066989 students faculty and staff and will help
_RQKggEVu2U-00260-00066990-00067196 the university recruit and retain top
_RQKggEVu2U-00261-00067197-00067589 faculty the project will include 662
_RQKggEVu2U-00262-00067590-00067916 apartments 343 single-family homes
_RQKggEVu2U-00263-00067917-00068114 forty two thousand five hundred square
_RQKggEVu2U-00264-00068115-00068332 feet of commercial space a recreation
_RQKggEVu2U-00265-00068333-00068618 center and study facilities West Village
_RQKggEVu2U-00266-00068619-00068819 will also host the first Community
_RQKggEVu2U-00267-00068820-00069167 College on a UC campus the class is held
_RQKggEVu2U-00268-00069168-00069350 in this area mainly involved plant
_RQKggEVu2U-00269-00069351-00069584 sciences but also include entomology
_RQKggEVu2U-00270-00069585-00069851 courses as well students in the Plant
_RQKggEVu2U-00271-00069852-00070070 Sciences maintain gardens as part of the
_RQKggEVu2U-00272-00070071-00070565 PLS 5 lab while entomology 156 L and 158
_RQKggEVu2U-00273-00070566-00070787 students embark on field trips to sample
_RQKggEVu2U-00274-00070788-00070997 fish for parasites at Putah Creek and
_RQKggEVu2U-00275-00070998-00071228 conduct projects in forensic entomology
_RQKggEVu2U-00276-00071229-00071476 at the UC Davis ecosystem respectively
_RQKggEVu2U-00277-00071477-00071726 West Campus has also home to the
_RQKggEVu2U-00278-00071727-00071944 university airport foundation Plant
_RQKggEVu2U-00279-00071945-00072194 Services the California National Primate
_RQKggEVu2U-00280-00072195-00072356 Research Center in the contained
_RQKggEVu2U-00281-00072357-00072593 research facility a biosafety level 3
_RQKggEVu2U-00282-00072594-00072947 facility
_RQKggEVu2U-00283-00072948-00073435 topic arboretum
_RQKggEVu2U-00284-00073436-00073681 to the south side of the campus core as
_RQKggEVu2U-00285-00073682-00073950 the 100-acre UC Davis Arboretum which
_RQKggEVu2U-00286-00073951-00074305 includes 3.5 miles of paved paths 4,000
_RQKggEVu2U-00287-00074306-00074497 tree specimens Putah Creek in Lake
_RQKggEVu2U-00288-00074498-00074890 Stafford on March 10th 2017 a multi-year
_RQKggEVu2U-00289-00074891-00075375 waterway enhancement project began
_RQKggEVu2U-00290-00075376-00075856 topic artwork
_RQKggEVu2U-00291-00075857-00076121 there are seven public art statues found
_RQKggEVu2U-00292-00076122-00076310 around campus collectively called the
_RQKggEVu2U-00293-00076311-00076513 egghead series sculpted by the late
_RQKggEVu2U-00294-00076514-00076732 Robert Arneson who also taught at Davis
_RQKggEVu2U-00295-00076733-00077176 from 1962 to 1991 book head is located
_RQKggEVu2U-00296-00077177-00077386 at the shields library plaza yin and
_RQKggEVu2U-00297-00077387-00077587 yang is located at the Fine Arts Complex
_RQKggEVu2U-00298-00077588-00077848 see no evil hear no evil is at the east
_RQKggEVu2U-00299-00077849-00078059 lawn of King Hall the main building for
_RQKggEVu2U-00300-00078060-00078337 UC Davis's School of Law Aion MRA K
_RQKggEVu2U-00301-00078338-00078584 fatal laugh is outside MRA K Hall
_RQKggEVu2U-00302-00078585-00078791 housing the Registrar office and other
_RQKggEVu2U-00303-00078792-00079012 administrative offices and stargazer is
_RQKggEVu2U-00304-00079013-00079228 located between North Hall and yung Hall
_RQKggEVu2U-00305-00079229-00079478 the yin and yang eggheads have been
_RQKggEVu2U-00306-00079479-00079705 recast and duplicated for installation
_RQKggEVu2U-00307-00079706-00079888 near the port of San Francisco Ferry
_RQKggEVu2U-00308-00079889-00080210 Building in San Francisco topics student
_RQKggEVu2U-00309-00080211-00080374 housing UC Davis student housing
_RQKggEVu2U-00310-00080375-00080725 operates 23 residence halls totaling 29
_RQKggEVu2U-00311-00080726-00080905 buildings which are organized into three
_RQKggEVu2U-00312-00080906-00081071 areas Segundo
_RQKggEVu2U-00313-00081072-00081382 torch arrow and cuarto the northwest end
_RQKggEVu2U-00314-00081383-00081574 of campus holds the majority of the
_RQKggEVu2U-00315-00081575-00081809 Segundo undergraduate housing complex
_RQKggEVu2U-00316-00081810-00082022 and various alternative housing sites
_RQKggEVu2U-00317-00082023-00082261 such as Orchard Park Russell Park the
_RQKggEVu2U-00318-00082262-00082435 college's at LaRue apartments and
_RQKggEVu2U-00319-00082436-00082705 primero Grove the activities and
_RQKggEVu2U-00320-00082706-00082940 recreation center or the arc is also
_RQKggEVu2U-00321-00082941-00083175 located near the Segundo complex
_RQKggEVu2U-00322-00083176-00083398 adjacent to the northwest corner of
_RQKggEVu2U-00323-00083399-00083599 campus as the cuarto undergraduate
_RQKggEVu2U-00324-00083600-00083810 housing complex which has one Dining
_RQKggEVu2U-00325-00083811-00084082 Commons the torch arrow undergraduate
_RQKggEVu2U-00326-00084083-00084274 housing complex is located near the
_RQKggEVu2U-00327-00084275-00084503 geographic center of the UC Davis campus
_RQKggEVu2U-00328-00084504-00084703 to the north of the Arboretum waterway
_RQKggEVu2U-00329-00084704-00084967 this extends longitudinally through
_RQKggEVu2U-00330-00084968-00085162 almost the entirety of the south end of
_RQKggEVu2U-00331-00085163-00085531 campus Solano Park UC Davis's family
_RQKggEVu2U-00332-00085532-00085774 housing complex is located adjacent to
_RQKggEVu2U-00333-00085775-00085969 the Arboretum waterway at the eastern
_RQKggEVu2U-00334-00085970-00086260 end of campus the Davis Arboretum is a
_RQKggEVu2U-00335-00086261-00086515 public botanic garden with over 4,000
_RQKggEVu2U-00336-00086516-00086725 kinds of trees and plants including many
_RQKggEVu2U-00337-00086726-00086944 California native plants which has been
_RQKggEVu2U-00338-00086945-00087190 developed over 100 acres 40 hectares
_RQKggEVu2U-00339-00087191-00087434 along the waterway the cuarto
_RQKggEVu2U-00340-00087435-00087584 undergraduate freshman and transfer
_RQKggEVu2U-00341-00087585-00087868 students housing complex is located one
_RQKggEVu2U-00342-00087869-00088048 block off campus across Russell
_RQKggEVu2U-00343-00088049-00088324 Boulevard unlike the other undergraduate
_RQKggEVu2U-00344-00088325-00088561 housing complexes cuarto is located
_RQKggEVu2U-00345-00088562-00088756 within city limits its residents may
_RQKggEVu2U-00346-00088757-00089005 vote in city elections topic
_RQKggEVu2U-00347-00089006-00089206 organization and administration the
_RQKggEVu2U-00348-00089207-00089248 entire
_RQKggEVu2U-00349-00089249-00089464 University of California system is
_RQKggEVu2U-00350-00089465-00089698 governed by the Regents a 26 member
_RQKggEVu2U-00351-00089699-00089893 board has established under article 9
_RQKggEVu2U-00352-00089894-00090150 section 9 of the California Constitution
_RQKggEVu2U-00353-00090151-00090409 the board appoints the university's
_RQKggEVu2U-00354-00090410-00090583 principal officers including the
_RQKggEVu2U-00355-00090584-00090793 system-wide president and UC Davis
_RQKggEVu2U-00356-00090794-00091099 Chancellor the UC Davis Chancellor has
_RQKggEVu2U-00357-00091100-00091273 overall responsibility for the
_RQKggEVu2U-00358-00091274-00091480 leadership management and administration
_RQKggEVu2U-00359-00091481-00091657 of the campus and reports to the
_RQKggEVu2U-00360-00091658-00091798 president of the University of
_RQKggEVu2U-00361-00091799-00092005 California system a position currently
_RQKggEVu2U-00362-00092006-00092227 held by former Secretary of Homeland
_RQKggEVu2U-00363-00092228-00092443 Security in Arizona Governor Janet
_RQKggEVu2U-00364-00092444-00092746 Napolitano the offices of the Chancellor
_RQKggEVu2U-00365-00092747-00092965 and provost is headed by the executive
_RQKggEVu2U-00366-00092966-00093136 vice chancellor and provost
_RQKggEVu2U-00367-00093137-00093502 evcp in their capacity as executive vice
_RQKggEVu2U-00368-00093503-00093748 chancellor the evcp shares with the
_RQKggEVu2U-00369-00093749-00093949 Chancellor in the overall leadership and
_RQKggEVu2U-00370-00093950-00094156 management of campus administration and
_RQKggEVu2U-00371-00094157-00094423 operations whereas is Provost the evcp
_RQKggEVu2U-00372-00094424-00094801 is UC Davis's chief academic officer the
_RQKggEVu2U-00373-00094802-00095035 senior staff provides executive support
_RQKggEVu2U-00374-00095036-00095200 to the offices of the Chancellor and
_RQKggEVu2U-00375-00095201-00095470 provost the Council of Dean's and
_RQKggEVu2U-00376-00095471-00095674 vice-chancellor consists of the heads of
_RQKggEVu2U-00377-00095675-00095887 the university's major academic and
_RQKggEVu2U-00378-00095888-00096094 administrative units students are most
_RQKggEVu2U-00379-00096095-00096298 likely to interact with or be directly
_RQKggEVu2U-00380-00096299-00096451 affected by the Office of Student
_RQKggEVu2U-00381-00096452-00096628 Affairs which is run by the Vice
_RQKggEVu2U-00382-00096629-00096844 Chancellor of Student Affairs currently
_RQKggEVu2U-00383-00096845-00097078 Fred wood and by a variety of associate
_RQKggEVu2U-00384-00097079-00097327 and assistant vice chancellors this
_RQKggEVu2U-00385-00097328-00097540 office oversees many campus units
_RQKggEVu2U-00386-00097541-00097789 including admissions athletics campus
_RQKggEVu2U-00387-00097790-00098056 recreation campus unions counseling and
_RQKggEVu2U-00388-00098057-00098278 psychological services financial aid
_RQKggEVu2U-00389-00098279-00098557 student housing and others topics
_RQKggEVu2U-00390-00098558-00098854 student demographics women comprised 59%
_RQKggEVu2U-00391-00098855-00099162 of the undergraduates in fall 2016 men
_RQKggEVu2U-00392-00099163-00099499 41% in 2010 the United States Census
_RQKggEVu2U-00393-00099500-00099724 Bureau made UC Davis its own separate
_RQKggEVu2U-00394-00099725-00099943 census-designated place for statistical
_RQKggEVu2U-00395-00099944-00100228 purposes the campus location is out of
_RQKggEVu2U-00396-00100229-00100471 the bounds of the Davis city limit in
_RQKggEVu2U-00397-00100472-00100591 2014
_RQKggEVu2U-00398-00100592-00100825 Chancellor Katehi stated that UC Davis
_RQKggEVu2U-00399-00100826-00100980 aims to become a hispanic-serving
_RQKggEVu2U-00400-00100981-00101335 institution by the 2018 2019 school year
_RQKggEVu2U-00401-00101336-00101524 with at least 25 percent of the
_RQKggEVu2U-00402-00101525-00101734 undergraduate student body consisting of
_RQKggEVu2U-00403-00101735-00102073 Latinos topic academics the university
_RQKggEVu2U-00404-00102074-00102382 has 104 undergraduate majors and 96
_RQKggEVu2U-00405-00102383-00102533 graduate programs
_RQKggEVu2U-00406-00102533-00102758 it has a Department of viticulture and
_RQKggEVu2U-00407-00102758-00102998 enology concerning the scientific study
_RQKggEVu2U-00408-00102999-00103199 of grape growing and winemaking that has
_RQKggEVu2U-00409-00103200-00103384 been and continues to be responsible for
_RQKggEVu2U-00410-00103385-00103561 significant advancements in winemaking
_RQKggEVu2U-00411-00103563-00103814 utilized by many Californian wineries
_RQKggEVu2U-00412-00103815-00104075 the campus claims to be noted for its
_RQKggEVu2U-00413-00104076-00104260 top-rated agricultural and Resource
_RQKggEVu2U-00414-00104261-00104477 Economics programs in the large
_RQKggEVu2U-00415-00104478-00104669 department of animal science through
_RQKggEVu2U-00416-00104670-00104816 which students can study at the
_RQKggEVu2U-00417-00104817-00105041 university's own on-campus dairy meat
_RQKggEVu2U-00418-00105042-00105290 processing plant equestrian facility and
_RQKggEVu2U-00419-00105291-00105539 experimental farm students of
_RQKggEVu2U-00420-00105540-00105725 environmental horticulture and other
_RQKggEVu2U-00421-00105726-00105965 botanical sciences have many acres of
_RQKggEVu2U-00422-00105966-00106159 campus farmland in the University of
_RQKggEVu2U-00423-00106160-00106397 California Davis Arboretum at their
_RQKggEVu2U-00424-00106398-00106646 disposal the Department of Applied
_RQKggEVu2U-00425-00106647-00106856 Science was founded and formerly chaired
_RQKggEVu2U-00426-00106857-00107138 by physicist Edward Teller the arts are
_RQKggEVu2U-00427-00107139-00107378 also studied extensively on campus with
_RQKggEVu2U-00428-00107379-00107669 subjects such as studio art design music
_RQKggEVu2U-00429-00107670-00107963 theater and dance the design department
_RQKggEVu2U-00430-00107964-00108179 at UC Davis is the only comprehensive
_RQKggEVu2U-00431-00108180-00108377 academic design unit of the University
_RQKggEVu2U-00432-00108378-00108685 of California system there is also the
_RQKggEVu2U-00433-00108686-00108878 Mondavi Center for the Performing Arts
_RQKggEVu2U-00434-00108879-00109076 which features artists from all over the
_RQKggEVu2U-00435-00109077-00109408 globe UC Davis undergraduate majors are
_RQKggEVu2U-00436-00109409-00109658 divided into four colleges UC Davis
_RQKggEVu2U-00437-00109658-00109810 College of Agricultural and
_RQKggEVu2U-00438-00109811-00110072 environmental sciences UC Davis College
_RQKggEVu2U-00439-00110073-00110351 of Biological Sciences UC Davis College
_RQKggEVu2U-00440-00110352-00110567 of Engineering UC Davis College of
_RQKggEVu2U-00441-00110568-00110795 Letters and science topic rankings UC
_RQKggEVu2U-00442-00110796-00111020 Davis is considered to be a public ivy
_RQKggEVu2U-00443-00111021-00111302 in its 2017 edition US News and World
_RQKggEVu2U-00444-00111303-00111566 Report ranked UC Davis as tied for the
_RQKggEVu2U-00445-00111567-00111764 10th best public university in the
_RQKggEVu2U-00446-00111765-00111854 United States
_RQKggEVu2U-00447-00111855-00112118 tied for 44th nationally and 42nd
_RQKggEVu2U-00448-00112119-00112391 globally Washington Monthly ranked UC
_RQKggEVu2U-00449-00112392-00112652 Davis 10th in its 2016 national
_RQKggEVu2U-00450-00112653-00113000 university ranking in its 2017 rankings
_RQKggEVu2U-00451-00113001-00113249 Money Magazine ranked UC Davis 9th in
_RQKggEVu2U-00452-00113250-00113456 the country out of the nearly 2,400
_RQKggEVu2U-00453-00113457-00113777 schools it evaluated for its 2017 2018
_RQKggEVu2U-00454-00113778-00114104 best colleges ranking Forbes ranked UC
_RQKggEVu2U-00455-00114105-00114449 Davis as 102 th overall in the nation
_RQKggEVu2U-00456-00114450-00114677 52nd among research universities and
_RQKggEVu2U-00457-00114678-00115064 21st among public colleges for 2016
_RQKggEVu2U-00458-00115065-00115298 coupling her ranked Davis 39th out of
_RQKggEVu2U-00459-00115299-00115571 the top 100 best value public colleges
_RQKggEVu2U-00460-00115572-00115772 and universities in the US according to
_RQKggEVu2U-00461-00115773-00115906 the 2015
_RQKggEVu2U-00462-00115907-00116160 50 colleges and universities in America
_RQKggEVu2U-00463-00116161-00116412 published by the best colleges UC Davis
_RQKggEVu2U-00464-00116413-00116722 is ranked 27th nationally The Daily
_RQKggEVu2U-00465-00116723-00116958 Beast ranked UC Davis 68th in the
_RQKggEVu2U-00466-00116959-00117162 country out of the nearly 2000 schools
_RQKggEVu2U-00467-00117163-00117462 it evaluated for its 2014 best colleges
_RQKggEVu2U-00468-00117463-00117666 ranking the university has several
_RQKggEVu2U-00469-00117667-00117883 distinguished graduate programs ranked
_RQKggEVu2U-00470-00117883-00118050 in the top 10 in their fields by the
_RQKggEVu2U-00471-00118051-00118254 United States national research council
_RQKggEVu2U-00472-00118255-00118471 most notable are its programs in
_RQKggEVu2U-00473-00118472-00118693 agricultural economics entomology
_RQKggEVu2U-00474-00118694-00118977 evolutionary biology plant biology and
_RQKggEVu2U-00475-00118978-00119087 ecology
_RQKggEVu2U-00476-00119088-00119358 additionally the NRC placed more than a
_RQKggEVu2U-00477-00119359-00119593 third of UC Davis graduate programs in
_RQKggEVu2U-00478-00119594-00119835 the top 25% of their respective fields
_RQKggEVu2U-00479-00119836-00120258 in 2016 US News and World Report rated
_RQKggEVu2U-00480-00120259-00120508 UC Davis second globally in agricultural
_RQKggEVu2U-00481-00120508-00120694 sciences first in plant and animal
_RQKggEVu2U-00482-00120695-00120949 science fourth in environment ecology
_RQKggEVu2U-00483-00120950-00121147 and first nationally in veterinary
_RQKggEVu2U-00484-00121148-00121318 medicine third in ecology and
_RQKggEVu2U-00485-00121319-00121590 evolutionary biology seventh tie in
_RQKggEVu2U-00486-00121591-00121798 biological and agricultural engineering
_RQKggEVu2U-00487-00121799-00122112 ninth in US colonial history 15th in
_RQKggEVu2U-00488-00122113-00122356 comparative politics 19th in biological
_RQKggEVu2U-00489-00122357-00122676 sciences 20th in earth sciences and 21st
_RQKggEVu2U-00490-00122677-00122937 in psychology the economics department
_RQKggEVu2U-00491-00122938-00123228 of UC Davis was also ranked 6th among
_RQKggEVu2U-00492-00123229-00123483 public universities in 20th nationally
_RQKggEVu2U-00493-00123484-00123666 according to the repec research papers
_RQKggEVu2U-00494-00123667-00124059 in economics rankings in 2011 in 2013
_RQKggEVu2U-00495-00124060-00124324 the Economist placed UC Davis Graduate
_RQKggEVu2U-00496-00124325-00124507 School of Management in the top 8%
_RQKggEVu2U-00497-00124508-00124725 accredited and bought programs in the
_RQKggEVu2U-00498-00124726-00124989 United States ranked 37th nationally and
_RQKggEVu2U-00499-00124990-00125241 65th globally the Academic Ranking of
_RQKggEVu2U-00500-00125242-00125514 World Universities placed UC Davis 39th
_RQKggEVu2U-00501-00125515-00125838 nationally and 75th globally for 2016 in
_RQKggEVu2U-00502-00125839-00126193 its 2016-17 rankings Times Higher
_RQKggEVu2U-00503-00126194-00126373 Education World University Rankings
_RQKggEVu2U-00504-00126374-00126714 ranked it tied for 51st in the world the
_RQKggEVu2U-00505-00126715-00126958 Q s World University Rankings ranked it
_RQKggEVu2U-00506-00126958-00127236 tied for 85th globally in 2016 with
_RQKggEVu2U-00507-00127237-00127440 veterinary science ranked number one in
_RQKggEVu2U-00508-00127441-00127744 the world in 2016 ciara magazine ranked
_RQKggEVu2U-00509-00127745-00127950 UC Davis eighth in its coolest schools
_RQKggEVu2U-00510-00127951-00128119 in America list for campus
_RQKggEVu2U-00511-00128120-00128283 sustainability and climate change
_RQKggEVu2U-00512-00128284-00128574 efforts the Newsweek college rankings of
_RQKggEVu2U-00513-00128575-00128865 2011 had UC Davis in tenth place among
_RQKggEVu2U-00514-00128866-00129102 the happiest schools in America and 11th
_RQKggEVu2U-00515-00129103-00129258 among the greenest schools in the
_RQKggEVu2U-00516-00129259-00129592 United States UC Davis was awarded an A
_RQKggEVu2U-00517-00129593-00129834 from the 2011 college sustainability
_RQKggEVu2U-00518-00129835-00130033 report card which grades schools on
_RQKggEVu2U-00519-00130033-00130185 their environmental sustainability
_RQKggEVu2U-00520-00130186-00130654 across nine categories in 2012-2013 UC
_RQKggEVu2U-00521-00130655-00130831 Davis was also ranked first among
_RQKggEVu2U-00522-00130832-00131053 research universities tied with UC
_RQKggEVu2U-00523-00131054-00131284 Berkeley and Penn State as top producers
_RQKggEVu2U-00524-00131285-00131581 of Fulbright Scholars UC Davis was
_RQKggEVu2U-00525-00131582-00131767 ranked as the number six College in the
_RQKggEVu2U-00526-00131768-00131953 United States by the social mobility
_RQKggEVu2U-00527-00131954-00132289 index college rankings topic admissions
_RQKggEVu2U-00528-00132290-00132529 admission to UC Davis as rated as more
_RQKggEVu2U-00529-00132530-00132799 selective by US News & World Report for
_RQKggEVu2U-00530-00132800-00133306 fall 2016 UC Davis received 67,000 472
_RQKggEVu2U-00531-00133307-00133687 freshman applications 28,000 617 were
_RQKggEVu2U-00532-00133688-00133894 admitted 42.4%
_RQKggEVu2U-00533-00133895-00134287 and 5760 enrolled the average high
_RQKggEVu2U-00534-00134288-00134542 school grade point average GPA of the
_RQKggEVu2U-00535-00134543-00134719 enrolled freshmen was three point nine
_RQKggEVu2U-00536-00134720-00134968 nine while the middle 50% range of SAT
_RQKggEVu2U-00537-00134969-00135390 scores were 510 to 634 critical reading
_RQKggEVu2U-00538-00135391-00135901 540 to 700 for math and 522 654 writing
_RQKggEVu2U-00539-00135902-00136201 the middle 50% range of the AC T
_RQKggEVu2U-00540-00136202-00136546 composite score was 24 to 30 topic
_RQKggEVu2U-00541-00136547-00136816 library UC Davis's libraries include the
_RQKggEVu2U-00542-00136817-00137059 Peter J shields library the physical
_RQKggEVu2U-00543-00137060-00137284 sciences and engineering library the
_RQKggEVu2U-00544-00137285-00137500 Carlsen Health Sciences Library and the
_RQKggEVu2U-00545-00137501-00137713 Medical Center Library in Sacramento
_RQKggEVu2U-00546-00137714-00137989 contain more than 3.5 million volumes
_RQKggEVu2U-00547-00137990-00138148 and offers a number of special
_RQKggEVu2U-00548-00138149-00138424 collections and services the Peter J
_RQKggEVu2U-00549-00138425-00138631 shields library has three different
_RQKggEVu2U-00550-00138632-00138829 architectural styles due to various
_RQKggEVu2U-00551-00138830-00139048 construction and extensions being added
_RQKggEVu2U-00552-00139049-00139249 it is the main library where students
_RQKggEVu2U-00553-00139250-00139498 study on campus with a 24-hour reading
_RQKggEVu2U-00554-00139499-00139714 room open computer labs and unique
_RQKggEVu2U-00555-00139715-00140155 furniture topic Army ROTC the university
_RQKggEVu2U-00556-00140156-00140350 is host to an Army Reserve Officer
_RQKggEVu2U-00557-00140351-00140641 Training Corps ROTC program the forged
_RQKggEVu2U-00558-00140642-00140874 gold battalion with more than 50 cadets
_RQKggEVu2U-00559-00140875-00141178 with more than 60 years in existence it
_RQKggEVu2U-00560-00141179-00141343 currently Commission's roughly ten
_RQKggEVu2U-00561-00141344-00141565 graduating seniors as second lieutenants
_RQKggEVu2U-00562-00141566-00141859 every year topic graduate studies the
_RQKggEVu2U-00563-00141860-00142102 University of california-davis graduate
_RQKggEVu2U-00564-00142103-00142309 programs of study are postgraduate
_RQKggEVu2U-00565-00142310-00142507 programs offered by the University of
_RQKggEVu2U-00566-00142508-00142653 California Davis
_RQKggEVu2U-00567-00142654-00142887 the division consists of over 90
_RQKggEVu2U-00568-00142888-00143103 programs offering masters and doctoral
_RQKggEVu2U-00569-00143104-00143385 degrees and postdoctoral courses the
_RQKggEVu2U-00570-00143386-00143643 programs educate over 4,000 students
_RQKggEVu2U-00571-00143644-00143907 from around the world UC Davis has the
_RQKggEVu2U-00572-00143908-00144087 following graduate and professional
_RQKggEVu2U-00573-00144088-00144345 schools the most in the entire UC system
_RQKggEVu2U-00574-00144346-00144585 UC Davis Graduate Studies Graduate
_RQKggEVu2U-00575-00144586-00144762 School of Management School of Education
_RQKggEVu2U-00576-00144763-00145011 School of Law School of Medicine School
_RQKggEVu2U-00577-00145012-00145227 of Veterinary Medicine Betty Irene Moore
_RQKggEVu2U-00578-00145228-00145461 School of Nursing topic history the
_RQKggEVu2U-00579-00145462-00145710 University of California Davis graduate
_RQKggEVu2U-00580-00145711-00145989 division has a long history graduate
_RQKggEVu2U-00581-00145990-00146187 education has been a major feature of
_RQKggEVu2U-00582-00146188-00146408 the academic focus for over 80 years
_RQKggEVu2U-00583-00146409-00146697 this academic tradition began in the
_RQKggEVu2U-00584-00146698-00146997 fall of 1925 when 12 students received
_RQKggEVu2U-00585-00146998-00147174 graduate degrees from the College of
_RQKggEVu2U-00586-00147175-00147354 Agriculture through a partnership with
_RQKggEVu2U-00587-00147355-00147546 the Graduate division of the University
_RQKggEVu2U-00588-00147547-00147822 California at Berkeley over the years
_RQKggEVu2U-00589-00147823-00148053 the program's continued to grow interact
_RQKggEVu2U-00590-00148054-00148311 and collaborate the first graduate
_RQKggEVu2U-00591-00148312-00148515 degrees were awarded from the UC Davis
_RQKggEVu2U-00592-00148516-00148950 campus in the fall of 1949 in 1961
_RQKggEVu2U-00593-00148951-00149154 autonomous graduate divisions and
_RQKggEVu2U-00594-00149155-00149346 graduate councils were established on
_RQKggEVu2U-00595-00149347-00149592 all University of California campuses to
_RQKggEVu2U-00596-00149593-00149754 provide focused oversight of their
_RQKggEVu2U-00597-00149755-00150090 graduate programs topic academics a key
_RQKggEVu2U-00598-00150091-00150312 feature of graduate education at UC
_RQKggEVu2U-00599-00150313-00150573 Davis as the Graduate group the core
_RQKggEVu2U-00600-00150574-00150783 elements of a graduate group include an
_RQKggEVu2U-00601-00150784-00150984 emphasis on shared research interests
_RQKggEVu2U-00602-00150985-00151215 among faculty and students flexibility
_RQKggEVu2U-00603-00151216-00151380 to grow and quickly change to reflect
_RQKggEVu2U-00604-00151381-00151602 emerging areas of interdisciplinary
_RQKggEVu2U-00605-00151603-00151770 knowledge and technology and an
_RQKggEVu2U-00606-00151771-00151971 acceptance that many research questions
_RQKggEVu2U-00607-00151972-00152151 transcend traditional academic
_RQKggEVu2U-00608-00152152-00152397 departmental boundaries UC Davis offers
_RQKggEVu2U-00609-00152398-00152568 more graduate groups than any other
_RQKggEVu2U-00610-00152569-00152877 campus in the UC system topic rankings
_RQKggEVu2U-00611-00152878-00153144 US News and World Report America's best
_RQKggEVu2U-00612-00153145-00153447 graduate schools 2015 ranked several UC
_RQKggEVu2U-00613-00153448-00153678 Davis graduate programs among the top in
_RQKggEVu2U-00614-00153679-00153927 the nation following a comprehensive
_RQKggEVu2U-00615-00153928-00154149 survey of u.s. doctorate programs the
_RQKggEVu2U-00616-00154150-00154323 National Research Council released
_RQKggEVu2U-00617-00154324-00154575 results in 2010 ranking UC Davis
_RQKggEVu2U-00618-00154576-00154755 graduate programs among the nation's
_RQKggEVu2U-00619-00154756-00155088 best among the top 5% were graduate
_RQKggEVu2U-00620-00155089-00155298 programs in Spanish entomology
_RQKggEVu2U-00621-00155299-00155472 agricultural and Resource Economics
_RQKggEVu2U-00622-00155473-00155793 plant biology ecology and nutritional
_RQKggEVu2U-00623-00155794-00155934 biology
_RQKggEVu2U-00624-00155935-00156123 approximately one-third of UC Davis
_RQKggEVu2U-00625-00156124-00156414 graduate programs ranked in the top 25%
_RQKggEVu2U-00626-00156415-00156747 in their respective fields topic medical
_RQKggEVu2U-00627-00156748-00157035 school admissions in 2016 US News and
_RQKggEVu2U-00628-00157036-00157245 World Report named UC Davis School of
_RQKggEVu2U-00629-00157246-00157464 Medicine as the sixth most competitive
_RQKggEVu2U-00630-00157465-00157662 medical school in the United States with
_RQKggEVu2U-00631-00157663-00158054 an acceptance rate of 2.8% topic faculty
_RQKggEVu2U-00632-00158055-00158313 and research UC Davis as one of 62
_RQKggEVu2U-00633-00158314-00158491 members in the Association of American
_RQKggEVu2U-00634-00158492-00158748 Universities an organization of leading
_RQKggEVu2U-00635-00158749-00158934 research universities devoted to
_RQKggEVu2U-00636-00158935-00159144 maintaining a strong system of academic
_RQKggEVu2U-00637-00159145-00159462 research and education it consists of 60
_RQKggEVu2U-00638-00159463-00159665 universities in the United States both
_RQKggEVu2U-00639-00159666-00159888 public and private and two universities
_RQKggEVu2U-00640-00159889-00160194 in Canada topic research expenditures
_RQKggEVu2U-00641-00160195-00160335 according to the National Science
_RQKggEVu2U-00642-00160336-00160703 Foundation UC Davis spent 725 point
_RQKggEVu2U-00643-00160704-00160899 seven million dollars on research and
_RQKggEVu2U-00644-00160900-00161172 development in fiscal year 2013 ranking
_RQKggEVu2U-00645-00161173-00161477 at 25th in the nation topic faculty
_RQKggEVu2U-00646-00161478-00161729 honors its faculty includes 23 members
_RQKggEVu2U-00647-00161730-00161943 of the National Academy of Sciences
_RQKggEVu2U-00648-00161944-00162135 fourteen members of the National Academy
_RQKggEVu2U-00649-00162136-00162353 of Engineering thirty members of the
_RQKggEVu2U-00650-00162354-00162573 American Academy of Arts and Sciences
_RQKggEVu2U-00651-00162574-00162786 seventeen members of the American Law
_RQKggEVu2U-00652-00162787-00162969 Institute five members of the Royal
_RQKggEVu2U-00653-00162970-00163229 Society three Pulitzer Prize winners one
_RQKggEVu2U-00654-00163230-00163434 Guggenheim Fellow and three MacArthur
_RQKggEVu2U-00655-00163435-00163713 fellows topic research centers and
_RQKggEVu2U-00656-00163714-00163899 laboratories the campus supports a
_RQKggEVu2U-00657-00163900-00164049 number of research centers and
_RQKggEVu2U-00658-00164050-00164214 laboratories including the Crocker
_RQKggEVu2U-00659-00164215-00164445 nuclear laboratory on campus has had a
_RQKggEVu2U-00660-00164446-00164808 nuclear accelerator since 1966 the
_RQKggEVu2U-00661-00164809-00165024 laboratory is used by scientists and
_RQKggEVu2U-00662-00165025-00165188 engineers from private industry
_RQKggEVu2U-00663-00165189-00165414 universities and government to research
_RQKggEVu2U-00664-00165415-00165653 topics including nuclear physics applied
_RQKggEVu2U-00665-00165654-00165783 solid-state physics
_RQKggEVu2U-00666-00165784-00166047 radiation effects planetary geology and
_RQKggEVu2U-00667-00166048-00166398 cosmogenic s-- UC Davis is the only UC
_RQKggEVu2U-00668-00166399-00166593 campus besides Berkeley that has a
_RQKggEVu2U-00669-00166594-00166853 nuclear laboratory Agilent Technologies
_RQKggEVu2U-00670-00166854-00167088 will also work with the University in
_RQKggEVu2U-00671-00167089-00167301 establishing a Davis millimeter wave
_RQKggEVu2U-00672-00167302-00167511 Research Center to conduct research into
_RQKggEVu2U-00673-00167512-00167852 millimeter wave in THC systems topics
_RQKggEVu2U-00674-00167853-00168057 student life the undergraduate student
_RQKggEVu2U-00675-00168058-00168258 government of UC Davis as The Associated
_RQKggEVu2U-00676-00168259-00168612 Students of UC Davis ASUCD and has an
_RQKggEVu2U-00677-00168613-00168854 annual operating budget of 11 point 1
_RQKggEVu2U-00678-00168855-00169038 million dollars making it one of the
_RQKggEVu2U-00679-00169039-00169236 largest funded student governments in
_RQKggEVu2U-00680-00169237-00169266 the U
_RQKggEVu2U-00681-00169267-00169638 it states ASUCD includes an executive
_RQKggEVu2U-00682-00169639-00169926 legislative and judicial branch other
_RQKggEVu2U-00683-00169927-00170119 than representing the student body on
_RQKggEVu2U-00684-00170120-00170388 campus the task of ASUCD is to lobby
_RQKggEVu2U-00685-00170389-00170584 student interests to local and state
_RQKggEVu2U-00686-00170585-00170823 government also under the purview of
_RQKggEVu2U-00687-00170824-00171094 ASUCD are the student-run coffee house
_RQKggEVu2U-00688-00171095-00171411 as an ASUCD unit in unit trans the davis
_RQKggEVu2U-00689-00171412-00171733 public bus system ASUCD employs
_RQKggEVu2U-00690-00171734-00171922 thousands of students annually across
_RQKggEVu2U-00691-00171923-00172369 its many units picnic day UC Davis's
_RQKggEVu2U-00692-00172370-00172597 annual open house is the largest student
_RQKggEVu2U-00693-00172598-00172851 run event in the United States it
_RQKggEVu2U-00694-00172852-00173071 attracts thousands of visitors each year
_RQKggEVu2U-00695-00173072-00173298 with its many attractions these include
_RQKggEVu2U-00696-00173299-00173518 a parade a magic show performed by the
_RQKggEVu2U-00697-00173519-00173734 chemistry department the doxy derby
_RQKggEVu2U-00698-00173735-00173961 dachshund races film screenings and a
_RQKggEVu2U-00699-00173962-00174160 battle of the bands between the band
_RQKggEVu2U-00700-00174161-00174351 and other college bands including the
_RQKggEVu2U-00701-00174352-00174547 Cal band the Stanford band and the
_RQKggEVu2U-00702-00174548-00174711 humboldt state university marching
_RQKggEVu2U-00703-00174712-00175033 Lumberjacks another highlight of UC
_RQKggEVu2U-00704-00175034-00175236 Davis as its student-run freeform radio
_RQKggEVu2U-00705-00175237-00175590 station KD vs the station began
_RQKggEVu2U-00706-00175591-00175950 operations on February 1st 1964 from the
_RQKggEVu2U-00707-00175951-00176139 laundry room of the all-male dormitory
_RQKggEVu2U-00708-00176140-00176403 Beckett Hall the station soon gained a
_RQKggEVu2U-00709-00176404-00176586 reputation by airing interviews with
_RQKggEVu2U-00710-00176587-00176799 Angela Davis and a live call-in show
_RQKggEVu2U-00711-00176800-00176956 with then California Governor Ronald
_RQKggEVu2U-00712-00176957-00177339 Reagan in 1969 the station can now be
_RQKggEVu2U-00713-00177340-00177595 heard on 90.3 FM and online at its
_RQKggEVu2U-00714-00177596-00177919 website UC Davis has over 500 registered
_RQKggEVu2U-00715-00177920-00178110 student organizations ranging from
_RQKggEVu2U-00716-00178111-00178278 political clubs to professional
_RQKggEVu2U-00717-00178279-00178626 societies to language clubs the academic
_RQKggEVu2U-00718-00178627-00178800 graduate students and management
_RQKggEVu2U-00719-00178801-00179004 students are represented by the Graduate
_RQKggEVu2U-00720-00179005-00179364 Student Association GSA the law students
_RQKggEVu2U-00721-00179365-00179529 are represented by law students
_RQKggEVu2U-00722-00179530-00179857 association students are also encouraged
_RQKggEVu2U-00723-00179858-00180063 to wear Aggie blue on game days to show
_RQKggEVu2U-00724-00180064-00180300 their Aggie pride if spotted wearing
_RQKggEVu2U-00725-00180301-00180523 Aggie blue by the Aggie pack students
_RQKggEVu2U-00726-00180524-00180738 may have UC davis paraphernalia thrown
_RQKggEVu2U-00727-00180739-00181006 at them as a reward students also
_RQKggEVu2U-00728-00181007-00181246 participate in intramural sports such as
_RQKggEVu2U-00729-00181247-00181512 basketball Ultimate Frisbee soccer and
_RQKggEVu2U-00730-00181513-00181795 many more the art contains a basketball
_RQKggEVu2U-00731-00181796-00182035 gym workout room rock climbing wall and
_RQKggEVu2U-00732-00182036-00182315 other studio rooms for group exercise
_RQKggEVu2U-00733-00182316-00182690 other Student Activities unit trans the
_RQKggEVu2U-00734-00182691-00182996 student-run and driven bus system the
_RQKggEVu2U-00735-00182997-00183233 coffeehouse also known as the coho is a
_RQKggEVu2U-00736-00183234-00183482 student-run restaurant serving 7,000
_RQKggEVu2U-00737-00183483-00183839 customers daily the bike barn a bicycle
_RQKggEVu2U-00738-00183840-00184052 shop that sells and rents bicycles and
_RQKggEVu2U-00739-00184053-00184250 cycling equipment also operating a
_RQKggEVu2U-00740-00184251-00184745 repair shop k DVS student radio the
_RQKggEVu2U-00741-00184746-00184970 entertainment council responsible for
_RQKggEVu2U-00742-00184971-00185186 bringing famous musicians to campus and
_RQKggEVu2U-00743-00185187-00185501 organizing student events u.s. post
_RQKggEVu2U-00744-00185502-00185735 office a completely student-run official
_RQKggEVu2U-00745-00185736-00185954 united states postal service contract
_RQKggEVu2U-00746-00185955-00186268 station
_RQKggEVu2U-00747-00186269-00186812 topic transportation
_RQKggEVu2U-00748-00186813-00187062 bicyclists are ubiquitous around campus
_RQKggEVu2U-00749-00187063-00187251 as well as the city and thus a lot of
_RQKggEVu2U-00750-00187252-00187494 bike only infrastructure exists such as
_RQKggEVu2U-00751-00187495-00187691 bike circles large bike lanes and
_RQKggEVu2U-00752-00187692-00187935 traffic signals exclusively for bikes in
_RQKggEVu2U-00753-00187936-00188126 the UC Davis cycling team has won
_RQKggEVu2U-00754-00188127-00188414 several national championship titles the
_RQKggEVu2U-00755-00188415-00188637 campus police department also has some
_RQKggEVu2U-00756-00188638-00188856 of its officers patrol on bicycles and
_RQKggEVu2U-00757-00188857-00189075 take bicycling under the influence Bowie
_RQKggEVu2U-00758-00189076-00189326 and bicycling without a headlight at
_RQKggEVu2U-00759-00189327-00189621 night very seriously all bikes on the UC
_RQKggEVu2U-00760-00189622-00189819 Davis campus must be registered with a
_RQKggEVu2U-00761-00189820-00190038 California bicycle license or they risk
_RQKggEVu2U-00762-00190039-00190295 being sold at the on campus bike option
_RQKggEVu2U-00763-00190296-00190596 UC Davis is also well known for its bus
_RQKggEVu2U-00764-00190597-00190812 service unit rands and its trademark
_RQKggEVu2U-00765-00190813-00191097 London double-decker buses it has been
_RQKggEVu2U-00766-00191098-00191385 in operation since 1968 and is believed
_RQKggEVu2U-00767-00191386-00191568 to be the only general-purpose non
_RQKggEVu2U-00768-00191569-00191781 sightseeing transit system in the u.s.
_RQKggEVu2U-00769-00191782-00191978 to operate vintage double-decker buses
_RQKggEVu2U-00770-00191979-00192278 in daily service the system is operated
_RQKggEVu2U-00771-00192279-00192483 and managed entirely by students and
_RQKggEVu2U-00772-00192484-00192660 offers fixed route transportation
_RQKggEVu2U-00773-00192661-00192885 throughout the city there is also an
_RQKggEVu2U-00774-00192886-00193086 inter campus bus service that ferries
_RQKggEVu2U-00775-00193087-00193338 back and forth between UC Davis and UC
_RQKggEVu2U-00776-00193339-00193524 Berkeley twice daily from Monday to
_RQKggEVu2U-00777-00193525-00193814 Friday Davis is also one of the busiest
_RQKggEVu2U-00778-00193815-00194001 stations of the Capitol Corridor
_RQKggEVu2U-00779-00194002-00194238 intercity railroad service operated by
_RQKggEVu2U-00780-00194239-00194418 Amtrak between the Bay Area and
_RQKggEVu2U-00781-00194419-00194760 Sacramento the central campus is bounded
_RQKggEVu2U-00782-00194761-00195087 by freeways on two sides highway 113 and
_RQKggEVu2U-00783-00195088-00195411 interstate 80 all other UC campuses are
_RQKggEVu2U-00784-00195412-00195594 either somewhat distant from the closest
_RQKggEVu2U-00785-00195595-00195803 freeway or are directly adjacent to only
_RQKggEVu2U-00786-00195804-00196091 one freeway to freeway exits are
_RQKggEVu2U-00787-00196092-00196391 entirely within UCD's boundaries one off
_RQKggEVu2U-00788-00196392-00196833 highway 113 is signed UC Davis Hutchison
_RQKggEVu2U-00789-00196834-00197129 Drive and the other off Interstate 80 is
_RQKggEVu2U-00790-00197130-00197556 signed exclusively as UC Davis easy
_RQKggEVu2U-00791-00197557-00197787 freeway access coupled with increasing
_RQKggEVu2U-00792-00197788-00198009 housing costs in the city of Davis have
_RQKggEVu2U-00793-00198010-00198188 led to increased numbers of students
_RQKggEVu2U-00794-00198189-00198468 commuting via automobile some students
_RQKggEVu2U-00795-00198469-00198594 choose to live in the neighboring
_RQKggEVu2U-00796-00198595-00198819 communities of Sacramento Dixon or
_RQKggEVu2U-00797-00198820-00199001 woodland and use their own cars or the
_RQKggEVu2U-00798-00199002-00199511 countywide galavis to get to UC Davis
_RQKggEVu2U-00799-00199512-00200060 topic the California Aggie
_RQKggEVu2U-00800-00200061-00200375 UC Davis also publishes a weekly student
_RQKggEVu2U-00801-00200376-00200690 newspaper the California Aggie the Aggie
_RQKggEVu2U-00802-00200691-00200927 was first published in 1915 as the
_RQKggEVu2U-00803-00200928-00201125 weekly Agricola after its approval by
_RQKggEVu2U-00804-00201126-00201311 the Associated student Executive
_RQKggEVu2U-00805-00201312-00201604 Committee at this point UC Davis was
_RQKggEVu2U-00806-00201605-00201788 considered the university farm an
_RQKggEVu2U-00807-00201789-00202034 extension of UC Berkeley initially the
_RQKggEVu2U-00808-00202035-00202223 weekly Agricola was focused on both
_RQKggEVu2U-00809-00202224-00202474 Student News and farming related topics
_RQKggEVu2U-00810-00202475-00202706 novelist Jack London was one of the
_RQKggEVu2U-00811-00202707-00202975 first readers of the weekly Agricola in
_RQKggEVu2U-00812-00202976-00203219 1922 it was renamed to match the
_RQKggEVu2U-00813-00203220-00203471 school's athletic name between March
_RQKggEVu2U-00814-00203472-00203822 2014 and October 2016 the Aggie not in
_RQKggEVu2U-00815-00203823-00204010 print but was still accessible online
_RQKggEVu2U-00816-00204011-00204287 the Aggie is in print and available on
_RQKggEVu2U-00817-00204288-00204859 campus again as of October 2016
_RQKggEVu2U-00818-00204860-00205301 topic Greek life
_RQKggEVu2U-00819-00205302-00205571 social fraternities and sororities have
_RQKggEVu2U-00820-00205571-00205712 been a part of the University of
_RQKggEVu2U-00821-00205713-00206011 California at Davis since 1913
_RQKggEVu2U-00822-00206012-00206273 approximately 8% of the university's
_RQKggEVu2U-00823-00206273-00206471 undergraduate students are involved in
_RQKggEVu2U-00824-00206471-00206673 the school's fraternities and sororities
_RQKggEVu2U-00825-00206675-00207044 one sorority Sigma Alpha Epsilon Pi was
_RQKggEVu2U-00826-00207044-00207217 featured during the first season of the
_RQKggEVu2U-00827-00207219-00207575 MTV reality show sorority life there are
_RQKggEVu2U-00828-00207576-00207833 currently 21 social fraternities that
_RQKggEVu2U-00829-00207834-00207944 are a part of the Interfraternity
_RQKggEVu2U-00830-00207944-00208342 Council IFC in Davis the IFC
_RQKggEVu2U-00831-00208344-00208553 representatives attend weekly meetings
_RQKggEVu2U-00832-00208554-00208792 to guarantee that all UC Davis rules and
_RQKggEVu2U-00833-00208794-00209038 regulations are followed the meetings
_RQKggEVu2U-00834-00209039-00209248 are also used to inform the fraternities
_RQKggEVu2U-00835-00209250-00209444 about all upcoming activities throughout
_RQKggEVu2U-00836-00209444-00209765 the week the 21 fraternities our Alpha
_RQKggEVu2U-00837-00209766-00210050 Epsilon Pi alpha gamma Omega Alpha Gamma
_RQKggEVu2U-00838-00210051-00210367 Rho Alpha Sigma Phi Chi Phi Delta Chi
_RQKggEVu2U-00839-00210369-00210653 Delta Lambda Phi Delta Sigma Phi Kappa
_RQKggEVu2U-00840-00210654-00210946 Sigma Phi Delta Theta Phi Kappa sy Pi
_RQKggEVu2U-00841-00210948-00211219 Kappa Alpha pi Kappa Phi Sigma Alpha Mu
_RQKggEVu2U-00842-00211221-00211589 Sigma Chi Sigma Nu Sigma Phi Epsilon Tau
_RQKggEVu2U-00843-00211590-00211892 Kappa Epsilon Zeta Chi theta XI and Zeta
_RQKggEVu2U-00844-00211892-00212111 SCI the Davis collegiate Panhellenic
_RQKggEVu2U-00845-00212112-00212351 Council DC PA is similar to the
_RQKggEVu2U-00846-00212352-00212528 Interfraternity Council but is the
_RQKggEVu2U-00847-00212529-00212729 Governing Council for several sororities
_RQKggEVu2U-00848-00212730-00213008 at UC Davis they are responsible for
_RQKggEVu2U-00849-00213009-00213215 organizing recruitment and overseeing
_RQKggEVu2U-00850-00213216-00213473 that all regulations are upheld there
_RQKggEVu2U-00851-00213473-00213683 are currently 11 sororities that are a
_RQKggEVu2U-00852-00213684-00213977 part of the Panhellenic Council the 11
_RQKggEVu2U-00853-00213978-00214202 sororities are Alpha Kappa Delta Phi
_RQKggEVu2U-00854-00214203-00214523 Alpha Chi Omega Alpha Delta Pi alpha Phi
_RQKggEVu2U-00855-00214523-00214823 Chi Omega Delta Delta Delta Delta Gamma
_RQKggEVu2U-00856-00214823-00215105 Kappa Alpha Theta Kappa Kappa Gamma Pi
_RQKggEVu2U-00857-00215106-00215381 Beta Phi Sigma Alpha Epsilon Pi the
_RQKggEVu2U-00858-00215382-00215576 fight chapter of Alpha Gamma Rho was
_RQKggEVu2U-00859-00215577-00215861 locally established May 1st of 1923 at
_RQKggEVu2U-00860-00215862-00216014 UC Davis making it the first
_RQKggEVu2U-00861-00216015-00216200 continuously running National fraternity
_RQKggEVu2U-00862-00216201-00216523 on campus they started as the capital
_RQKggEVu2U-00863-00216525-00216673 fraternity which was the first
_RQKggEVu2U-00864-00216675-00216994 agricultural fraternity on campus many
_RQKggEVu2U-00865-00216996-00217205 campus buildings are named after alumni
_RQKggEVu2U-00866-00217206-00217508 of Alpha Gamma Rho such as emil m ra k m
_RQKggEVu2U-00867-00217509-00217757 ra k hall Registrar's Office
_RQKggEVu2U-00868-00217758-00218003 Orville Thompson Thompson Hall Segundo
_RQKggEVu2U-00869-00218004-00218216 student housing and Dean dick Carly the
_RQKggEVu2U-00870-00218217-00218489 de Carly room second floor Miu Mel Olson
_RQKggEVu2U-00871-00218490-00218735 scoreboard Aggie stadium and many
_RQKggEVu2U-00872-00218736-00219056 the AGR Hall is an event space located
_RQKggEVu2U-00873-00219057-00219239 inside the Bueller alumni visitors
_RQKggEVu2U-00874-00219240-00219421 center and is commonly rented out as a
_RQKggEVu2U-00875-00219423-00219686 conference room or banquet hall there
_RQKggEVu2U-00876-00219687-00219902 are both national and local fraternities
_RQKggEVu2U-00877-00219903-00220130 and sororities at UCD with diverse
_RQKggEVu2U-00878-00220131-00220625 backgrounds and histories
_RQKggEVu2U-00879-00220626-00221089 topic athletics
_RQKggEVu2U-00880-00221090-00221379 the UC Davis Aggies also referred to as
_RQKggEVu2U-00881-00221380-00221630 Cal Aggies or AG's compete in NCAA
_RQKggEVu2U-00882-00221631-00221859 Division one sports in the Big West
_RQKggEVu2U-00883-00221860-00222076 Conference for football
_RQKggEVu2U-00884-00222077-00222333 the Aggies compete in Division one FCS
_RQKggEVu2U-00885-00222334-00222562 formerly known as division one double-a
_RQKggEVu2U-00886-00222563-00222700 and are members of the Big Sky
_RQKggEVu2U-00887-00222701-00222901 Conference granting UC Davis the
_RQKggEVu2U-00888-00222902-00223104 distinction of being one of only three
_RQKggEVu2U-00889-00223105-00223315 UC campuses to feel the football team
_RQKggEVu2U-00890-00223316-00223621 Cal and UCLA being the other two the
_RQKggEVu2U-00891-00223621-00223809 Aggies are also members of the mountain
_RQKggEVu2U-00892-00223810-00224046 Pacific Sports Federation in gymnastics
_RQKggEVu2U-00893-00224048-00224223 and lacrosse the America East Conference
_RQKggEVu2U-00894-00224225-00224425 in field hockey the Western
_RQKggEVu2U-00895-00224426-00224641 Intercollegiate rowing Association and
_RQKggEVu2U-00896-00224642-00224967 Davis men's crew club for rowing the UC
_RQKggEVu2U-00897-00224969-00225156 Davis men's crew club as one of the
_RQKggEVu2U-00898-00225157-00225373 successful clubs both on campus and in
_RQKggEVu2U-00899-00225373-00225739 the West in 2008 the JV boat won first
_RQKggEVu2U-00900-00225740-00225876 in Nationals at the accurate
_RQKggEVu2U-00901-00225877-00226126 championships in Tennessee and in 2009
_RQKggEVu2U-00902-00226127-00226339 the varsity boat got second place in
_RQKggEVu2U-00903-00226340-00226521 nationals at the accra championships
_RQKggEVu2U-00904-00226523-00226794 they consistently compete against teams
_RQKggEVu2U-00905-00226796-00226983 such as Stanford the University of
_RQKggEVu2U-00906-00226984-00227307 Washington and UC Berkeley the Aggies
_RQKggEVu2U-00907-00227308-00227592 finished first in NCAA Division two six
_RQKggEVu2U-00908-00227594-00227866 times in 2003 and won the NACD a
_RQKggEVu2U-00909-00227867-00228096 directors cup four years in a row from
_RQKggEVu2U-00910-00228098-00228606 1999 to 2003 in 1998 the UC Davis men's
_RQKggEVu2U-00911-00228607-00228841 basketball team won the NCAA Division
_RQKggEVu2U-00912-00228842-00229098 two national championship despite being
_RQKggEVu2U-00913-00229100-00229254 one of the few non scholarship
_RQKggEVu2U-00914-00229255-00229441 institutions in Division two at that
_RQKggEVu2U-00915-00229442-00229779 time they have also won NCAA Division
_RQKggEVu2U-00916-00229780-00230094 two championships in softball 2003 men's
_RQKggEVu2U-00917-00230096-00230573 tennis 1992 and women's tennis 1990 1993
_RQKggEVu2U-00918-00230575-00230851 these and other achievements motivated a
_RQKggEVu2U-00919-00230852-00231025 decision following a year of heavy
_RQKggEVu2U-00920-00231026-00231226 discussion by campus administrators
_RQKggEVu2U-00921-00231227-00231528 faculty staff students alumni and the
_RQKggEVu2U-00922-00231529-00231759 local community in 2003 for the
_RQKggEVu2U-00923-00231760-00231960 athletics program to reclassify to
_RQKggEVu2U-00924-00231961-00232291 Division one the highlight of UC Davis's
_RQKggEVu2U-00925-00232292-00232482 four-year transition to Division one
_RQKggEVu2U-00926-00232483-00232794 occurred on September 17 2005 when the
_RQKggEVu2U-00927-00232796-00232969 Aggies defeated the heavily favored
_RQKggEVu2U-00928-00232969-00233194 Stanford Cardinal at Stanford Stadium by
_RQKggEVu2U-00929-00233194-00233437 a score of 20 to 17 on a touchdown pass
_RQKggEVu2U-00930-00233438-00233719 with eight seconds left in the game the
_RQKggEVu2U-00931-00233719-00233931 Aggies also pulled off an upset against
_RQKggEVu2U-00932-00233932-00234139 Stanford in basketball just months later
_RQKggEVu2U-00933-00234140-00234421 beating the Cardinals 64 to 58 with a
_RQKggEVu2U-00934-00234421-00234479 late
_RQKggEVu2U-00935-00234480-00234830 at home on December 4th 2005 the win in
_RQKggEVu2U-00936-00234831-00235021 these two major sports and the addition
_RQKggEVu2U-00937-00235023-00235184 of the Aggies beating the Cardinal in
_RQKggEVu2U-00938-00235185-00235454 soccer earlier in 2005 as well as a win
_RQKggEVu2U-00939-00235455-00235655 in wrestling and two wins in baseball
_RQKggEVu2U-00940-00235656-00235846 pulled the Aggies win-loss record with
_RQKggEVu2U-00941-00235848-00236060 Stanford to five to one for men's sports
_RQKggEVu2U-00942-00236061-00236438 the OU 506 year the Aggie football team
_RQKggEVu2U-00943-00236439-00236644 plays Sacramento State in the annual
_RQKggEVu2U-00944-00236646-00236858 Cosway classic for the causeway carriage
_RQKggEVu2U-00945-00236859-00237142 the team also plays Cal Poly San Luis
_RQKggEVu2U-00946-00237144-00237359 Obispo in the annual battle for the
_RQKggEVu2U-00947-00237360-00237653 Golden Horseshoe UC Davis students
_RQKggEVu2U-00948-00237654-00237842 gather at sporting events to rally as
_RQKggEVu2U-00949-00237842-00238034 the Aggie pack the largest student-run
_RQKggEVu2U-00950-00238035-00238267 school spirit organization in the United
_RQKggEVu2U-00951-00238269-00238532 States the Aggie PAC cheers on the
_RQKggEVu2U-00952-00238533-00238709 sports team along with the Spirit Squad
_RQKggEVu2U-00953-00238710-00238921 to the music of the Cal Aggie marching
_RQKggEVu2U-00954-00238923-00239110 band uh and it's alumni band
_RQKggEVu2U-00955-00239111-00239371 Aggie Stadium as the home of the UC
_RQKggEVu2U-00956-00239373-00239719 Davis football and lacrosse teams UC
_RQKggEVu2U-00957-00239721-00239927 Davis had a wrestling program which
_RQKggEVu2U-00958-00239928-00240121 competed in the pac-10 at the Division
_RQKggEVu2U-00959-00240123-00240182 one level
_RQKggEVu2U-00960-00240183-00240563 in 2007 UC Davis wrestler Derek Moore
_RQKggEVu2U-00961-00240564-00240776 gained all-american status as well as
_RQKggEVu2U-00962-00240777-00240953 winning the NCAA Division one
_RQKggEVu2U-00963-00240954-00241241 championships for his weight class Moore
_RQKggEVu2U-00964-00241242-00241460 also received the most outstanding
_RQKggEVu2U-00965-00241461-00241819 wrestler award of the NCAA tournament in
_RQKggEVu2U-00966-00241821-00242114 doing so Derek Moore became the first UC
_RQKggEVu2U-00967-00242115-00242378 Davis student athlete to become an NCAA
_RQKggEVu2U-00968-00242379-00242558 champion at the Division one level
_RQKggEVu2U-00969-00242559-00242858 that same year UC Davis finished within
_RQKggEVu2U-00970-00242859-00243110 the top 25 for Division one collegiate
_RQKggEVu2U-00971-00243111-00243325 wrestling programs in the country
_RQKggEVu2U-00972-00243326-00243598 because of budget pressure wrestling was
_RQKggEVu2U-00973-00243600-00243773 cut from the athletic department in
_RQKggEVu2U-00974-00243773-00244076 April 2010 other cuts included men's
_RQKggEVu2U-00975-00244077-00244289 swimming men's indoor track and women's
_RQKggEVu2U-00976-00244290-00244559 rowing the athletics department had to
_RQKggEVu2U-00977-00244560-00244829 cut 1.79 million dollars out of the
_RQKggEVu2U-00978-00244830-00245138 budget 14 women's teams and nine men's
_RQKggEVu2U-00979-00245139-00245348 teams were funded for the 2010-2011
_RQKggEVu2U-00980-00245348-00245606 school year the official school colors
_RQKggEVu2U-00981-00245607-00245888 are blue and gold the blue is due to the
_RQKggEVu2U-00982-00245889-00246086 UCS early connection to Yale and as a
_RQKggEVu2U-00983-00246087-00246382 result is often referred to as Yale blue
_RQKggEVu2U-00984-00246383-00246755 eg C and u CDs official blue usually
_RQKggEVu2U-00985-00246756-00247171 called Aggie blue is Pantone 295 which
_RQKggEVu2U-00986-00247173-00247394 is distinct from Yale blue approximately
_RQKggEVu2U-00987-00247394-00247648 Pantone 289
_RQKggEVu2U-00988-00247650-00247826 the official school mascot is the
_RQKggEVu2U-00989-00247827-00248078 Mustang students at UC Davis are
_RQKggEVu2U-00990-00248079-00248258 referred to as Aggies in honor of the
_RQKggEVu2U-00991-00248259-00248498 school's origins in agricultural studies
_RQKggEVu2U-00992-00248498-00248723 unlike most colleges there is a
_RQKggEVu2U-00993-00248723-00248876 distinction between the name for
_RQKggEVu2U-00994-00248877-00249140 students and the mascot some students
_RQKggEVu2U-00995-00249141-00249296 supported changing the school mascot
_RQKggEVu2U-00996-00249296-00249469 from the Mustang to a cow
_RQKggEVu2U-00997-00249471-00249734 but alumni opposed this action many
_RQKggEVu2U-00998-00249735-00249962 people call the Mustang mascot of UC
_RQKggEVu2U-00999-00249963-00250175 Davis and Aggie but it is named gunrock
_RQKggEVu2U-01000-00250176-00250553 the name dates to 1921 when the US army
_RQKggEVu2U-01001-00250554-00250696 brought a thoroughbred horse named
_RQKggEVu2U-01002-00250698-00250892 gunrock to UC Davis to supply
_RQKggEVu2U-01003-00250892-00251098 high-quality breeding stock for the u.s.
_RQKggEVu2U-01004-00251100-00251375 cavalry remount program the Mustang
_RQKggEVu2U-01005-00251376-00251546 mascot was selected to honor that
_RQKggEVu2U-01006-00251546-00251985 cavalry horse
_RQKggEVu2U-01007-00251986-00252489 topic sustainability
_RQKggEVu2U-01008-00252490-00252750 UC Davis claims to have implemented many
_RQKggEVu2U-01009-00252751-00252960 environmentally sustainable features on
_RQKggEVu2U-01010-00252961-00253239 campus in the fall of 2010
_RQKggEVu2U-01011-00253240-00253503 UCD opened a renovated Dining Commons in
_RQKggEVu2U-01012-00253504-00253773 the cuarto living area the dining hall
_RQKggEVu2U-01013-00253773-00253962 uses local produce and promotes
_RQKggEVu2U-01014-00253963-00254196 sustainability the university operates
_RQKggEVu2U-01015-00254196-00254436 twenty LEED certified buildings across
_RQKggEVu2U-01016-00254437-00254619 three of the five overarching LEED
_RQKggEVu2U-01017-00254619-00254925 categories examples include the Robert
_RQKggEVu2U-01018-00254926-00255123 Mondavi Institute for wine and food
_RQKggEVu2U-01019-00255123-00255384 science the first brewery winery or food
_RQKggEVu2U-01020-00255385-00255588 processing facility in the world to
_RQKggEVu2U-01021-00255589-00255807 achieve Platinum level certification in
_RQKggEVu2U-01022-00255808-00255944 the Tahoe center for environmental
_RQKggEVu2U-01023-00255946-00256221 sciences at Lake Tahoe one of only five
_RQKggEVu2U-01024-00256221-00256392 laboratories in the world to achieve
_RQKggEVu2U-01025-00256392-00256646 Platinum level certification it
_RQKggEVu2U-01026-00256648-00256871 developed UC Davis West Village as a
_RQKggEVu2U-01027-00256873-00257250 zero net energy community the University
_RQKggEVu2U-01028-00257251-00257466 received two best practice Awards at the
_RQKggEVu2U-01029-00257467-00257717 2009 annual sustainability conference
_RQKggEVu2U-01030-00257719-00257913 held by the university of california
_RQKggEVu2U-01031-00257914-00258173 california state university and the
_RQKggEVu2U-01032-00258175-00258371 california community colleges for the
_RQKggEVu2U-01033-00258373-00258594 campuses lighting retrofit project and
_RQKggEVu2U-01034-00258594-00258836 sustainable design and new construction
_RQKggEVu2U-01035-00258837-00259119 UC Davis harvests olives from the old
_RQKggEVu2U-01036-00259119-00259362 trees on campus to produce olive oil and
_RQKggEVu2U-01037-00259363-00259571 table olives for use in campus dining
_RQKggEVu2U-01038-00259573-00259860 rooms it has designed landscaping with
_RQKggEVu2U-01039-00259861-00260013 drought tolerant trees and other plants
_RQKggEVu2U-01040-00260014-00260294 the campus operates its own landfill
_RQKggEVu2U-01041-00260296-00260517 where it converts landfill methane gas
_RQKggEVu2U-01042-00260517-00260792 to energy for its efforts in campus
_RQKggEVu2U-01043-00260794-00261039 sustainability UC Davis earned an A on
_RQKggEVu2U-01044-00261040-00261300 the 2011 College sustainability report
_RQKggEVu2U-01045-00261301-00261573 card one of 27 universities to achieve
_RQKggEVu2U-01046-00261573-00261759 this the highest grade awarded in
_RQKggEVu2U-01047-00261760-00262065 February 2014 UC Davis and diamond
_RQKggEVu2U-01048-00262066-00262254 developers formed a joint venture to
_RQKggEVu2U-01049-00262255-00262437 create a sustainable city in Dubai
_RQKggEVu2U-01050-00262438-00262746 United Arab Emirates the draft designed
_RQKggEVu2U-01051-00262747-00262962 for the sustainable city in Dubai called
_RQKggEVu2U-01052-00262963-00263232 for an eco village on 120 acres with
_RQKggEVu2U-01053-00263233-00263595 enough housing for 1,200 people the plan
_RQKggEVu2U-01054-00263596-00263853 called for k-12 education apartments
_RQKggEVu2U-01055-00263854-00264111 single-family homes and retail shops in
_RQKggEVu2U-01056-00264112-00264312 May 2015
_RQKggEVu2U-01057-00264313-00264552 UC Davis and diamond expanded the joint
_RQKggEVu2U-01058-00264553-00264710 venture to include sustainability
_RQKggEVu2U-01059-00264711-00264987 professional training program UC Davis
_RQKggEVu2U-01060-00264988-00265209 became the first University to implement
_RQKggEVu2U-01061-00265210-00265380 requiring payment of a fee for all
_RQKggEVu2U-01062-00265381-00265644 single use bags distributed on campus it
_RQKggEVu2U-01063-00265645-00265808 is working to become the first
_RQKggEVu2U-01064-00265809-00265991 versity campus to ban plastic bags
_RQKggEVu2U-01065-00265992-00266270 entirely UC Davis is also home to the
_RQKggEVu2U-01066-00266271-00266456 agricultural sustainability Institute
_RQKggEVu2U-01067-00266457-00266702 hace which is part of the College of
_RQKggEVu2U-01068-00266703-00266870 Agricultural and environmental sciences
_RQKggEVu2U-01069-00266871-00267269 CA es aussi provides leadership for
_RQKggEVu2U-01070-00267270-00267512 research teaching outreach and extension
_RQKggEVu2U-01071-00267513-00267728 efforts in agricultural and food system
_RQKggEVu2U-01072-00267729-00267944 sustainability at the Davis campus and
_RQKggEVu2U-01073-00267945-00268277 throughout the UC system UC Davis hosted
_RQKggEVu2U-01074-00268278-00268484 the governor's global climate summit
_RQKggEVu2U-01075-00268485-00268772 three GGC s three an international
_RQKggEVu2U-01076-00268773-00268949 climate forum for the top leaders of
_RQKggEVu2U-01077-00268950-00269138 local regional national and
_RQKggEVu2U-01078-00269139-00269342 international entities as well as those
_RQKggEVu2U-01079-00269343-00269567 from academia business and nonprofits
_RQKggEVu2U-01080-00269568-00269825 the summit worked to broaden national
_RQKggEVu2U-01081-00269826-00269999 partnerships in continuing to grow a
_RQKggEVu2U-01082-00270000-00270305 clean green economy the summit included
_RQKggEVu2U-01083-00270306-00270578 more than 1500 attendees from more than
_RQKggEVu2U-01084-00270579-00271026 80 countries
_RQKggEVu2U-01085-00271027-00271484 topic alumni
_RQKggEVu2U-01086-00271485-00271928 UC Davis currently has 240,000 438
_RQKggEVu2U-01087-00271929-00272246 living alumni notable alumni of UC Davis
_RQKggEVu2U-01088-00272247-00272510 include two astronauts u.s. treasurer
_RQKggEVu2U-01089-00272511-00272840 Ana Escobedo Cabral Chevron CEO John s
_RQKggEVu2U-01090-00272841-00273083 Watson entrepreneur Jason Lukesh and
_RQKggEVu2U-01091-00273084-00273362 actor Matthew Moy notable faculty
_RQKggEVu2U-01092-00273363-00273572 include two-time Pulitzer Prize winning
_RQKggEVu2U-01093-00273573-00273826 historian Alan Taylor
_RQKggEVu2U-01094-00273827-00274377 notable UC Davis alumni include
_RQKggEVu2U-01095-00274378-00274909 topic see also
_RQKggEVu2U-01096-00274910-00275343 Mondavi Center the pavilion uc-davis
_RQKggEVu2U-01097-00275344-00275857 Manetti Shrem Museum of Art
_RQKggEVu2U-01098-00275858-00276426 topic references
_RQKggEVu2U-01099-00276427-00276978 topic external links
_RQKggEVu2U-01100-00276979-00277442 official website history UC Davis UC
_RQKggEVu2U-01101-00277443-00277863 Davis Athletics website Davis wiki wiki
_RQKggEVu2U-01102-00277864-00278184 for the community of Davis University of
_RQKggEVu2U-01103-00278185-00278535 California Davis at Curley University of
_RQKggEVu2U-01104-00278536-00278760 California Davis at national center for
_RQKggEVu2U-01105-00278761-00279204 education statistics college navigator
_SAha6OOMXy-00000-00000553-00001135 [Applause]
_SAha6OOMXy-00001-00001136-00002971 thank you
_SAha6OOMXy-00002-00002972-00004661 I love your life
_SAha6OOMXy-00003-00004662-00006337 [Music]
_SAha6OOMXy-00004-00006338-00007325 [Music]
_SAha6OOMXy-00005-00007326-00007978 just
_SAha6OOMXy-00006-00007979-00008280 ice
_SAha6OOMXy-00007-00008281-00008996 [Applause]
_SAha6OOMXy-00008-00008997-00010117 [Applause]
_SAha6OOMXy-00009-00010118-00010523 don't Free Yourself
_SAha6OOMXy-00010-00010524-00011060 foreign
_SAha6OOMXy-00011-00011061-00011503 [Music]
_SAha6OOMXy-00012-00011504-00012078 [Applause]
_SAha6OOMXy-00013-00012079-00013490 [Music]
_SAha6OOMXy-00014-00013491-00013603 [Music]
_SAha6OOMXy-00015-00013604-00014238 thank you
_SAha6OOMXy-00016-00014240-00016136 thank you
_SAha6OOMXy-00017-00016137-00017947 [Music]
_SAha6OOMXy-00018-00017948-00020464 thank you
_SAha6OOMXy-00019-00020465-00022090 foreign
_SAha6OOMXy-00020-00022091-00022636 [Music]
_SAha6OOMXy-00021-00022637-00023543 [Music]
_SAha6OOMXy-00022-00023544-00024064 [Applause]
_SAha6OOMXy-00023-00024065-00024271 foreign
_SAha6OOMXy-00024-00024272-00025340 [Music]
_SAha6OOMXy-00025-00025341-00026112 [Music]
_SAha6OOMXy-00026-00026113-00026914 [Music]
_SAha6OOMXy-00027-00026916-00027358 [Music]
_SAha6OOMXy-00028-00027360-00027670 I'm waiting for you
_SAha6OOMXy-00029-00027672-00027870 to show up
_SAha6OOMXy-00030-00027872-00028364 and down
_SAha6OOMXy-00031-00028366-00029537 [Music]
_SAha6OOMXy-00032-00029538-00030779 [Music]
_SAha6OOMXy-00033-00030780-00031077 foreign
_SAha6OOMXy-00034-00031079-00032876 [Music]
_SAha6OOMXy-00035-00032877-00033690 [Music]
_SAha6OOMXy-00036-00033691-00033881 [Applause]
_SAha6OOMXy-00037-00033882-00035761 foreign
_SAha6OOMXy-00038-00035762-00036643 [Music]
_SAha6OOMXy-00039-00036644-00036977 [Music]
_SAha6OOMXy-00040-00036978-00037300 about to do
_SAha6OOMXy-00041-00037301-00037535 [Music]
_SAha6OOMXy-00042-00037536-00037943 let me tell you
_SAha6OOMXy-00043-00037944-00039268 trust me
_SAha6OOMXy-00044-00039269-00039571 let me down
_SAha6OOMXy-00045-00039572-00040468 I'm not thinking
_SAha6OOMXy-00046-00040469-00040696 foreign
_SAha6OOMXy-00047-00040697-00042906 [Music]
_SAha6OOMXy-00048-00042907-00043583 [Music]
_SAha6OOMXy-00049-00043584-00044190 foreign
_SAha6OOMXy-00050-00044191-00045439 [Music]
_SAha6OOMXy-00051-00045440-00046740 thank you
_SAha6OOMXy-00052-00046741-00047885 [Music]
_SAha6OOMXy-00053-00047886-00048557 name it
_SAha6OOMXy-00054-00048558-00049982 is
_SAha6OOMXy-00055-00049983-00051107 [Music]
_SAha6OOMXy-00056-00051108-00051635 [Music]
_SAha6OOMXy-00057-00051636-00053525 please
_SAha6OOMXy-00058-00053526-00053807 [Music]
_SAha6OOMXy-00059-00053808-00054080 congratulations
_SAha6OOMXy-00061-00057559-00058541 [Music]
_SAha6OOMXy-00062-00058541-00061397 inside
_SAha6OOMXy-00063-00061398-00061800 you got me lost
_SAha6OOMXy-00064-00061801-00063045 We Believe
_SAha6OOMXy-00065-00063046-00064835 [Music]
_SAha6OOMXy-00066-00064836-00067661 foreign
_SAha6OOMXy-00067-00067662-00067983 foreign
_SAha6OOMXy-00068-00067984-00069165 [Music]
_SAha6OOMXy-00069-00069166-00070894 [Music]
_SAha6OOMXy-00070-00070895-00071261 in your mind
_SAha6OOMXy-00071-00071262-00071506 my vision
_SAha6OOMXy-00072-00071507-00072821 has been passed over
_SAha6OOMXy-00073-00072822-00072882 to
_SAha6OOMXy-00074-00072883-00073129 the shape
_SAha6OOMXy-00075-00073130-00073800 to rise up
_SAha6OOMXy-00076-00073801-00074005 existing
_SAha6OOMXy-00077-00074006-00074255 to be forgotten
_SAha6OOMXy-00078-00074256-00074861 [Music]
_SAha6OOMXy-00079-00074862-00074983 foreign
_SAha6OOMXy-00080-00074984-00076261 [Music]
_SAha6OOMXy-00081-00076262-00078485 [Music]
_SAha6OOMXy-00082-00078486-00078879 foreign
_SAha6OOMXy-00083-00078880-00081815 [Music]
_SAha6OOMXy-00084-00081816-00082165 and every time I think of you
_SAha6OOMXy-00085-00082166-00083273 [Music]
_SAha6OOMXy-00086-00083274-00083851 [Music]
_SAha6OOMXy-00087-00083852-00085191 [Music]
_SAha6OOMXy-00088-00085192-00086297 [Music]
_SAha6OOMXy-00089-00086298-00089015 foreign
_SAha6OOMXy-00091-00092669-00093588 thank you
_SAha6OOMXy-00092-00093589-00094423 h means
_SAha6OOMXy-00093-00094424-00095981 [Music]
_SAha6OOMXy-00094-00095982-00096127 foreign
_SAha6OOMXy-00095-00096128-00097188 [Music]
_SAha6OOMXy-00096-00097189-00097407 [Applause]
_SAha6OOMXy-00097-00097408-00098199 [Music]
_SAha6OOMXy-00098-00098200-00098705 [Applause]
_SAha6OOMXy-00099-00098706-00099012 [Music]
_SAha6OOMXy-00100-00099013-00099520 thank you
_SAha6OOMXy-00101-00099521-00101260 [Music]
_SAha6OOMXy-00102-00101261-00102403 [Music]
_SAha6OOMXy-00103-00102404-00103131 [Music]
_SAha6OOMXy-00104-00103132-00103903 [Music]
_SAha6OOMXy-00105-00103904-00104830 [Music]
_SAha6OOMXy-00106-00104831-00105899 foreign
_SAha6OOMXy-00107-00105900-00107276 [Music]
_SAha6OOMXy-00108-00107277-00107350 [Applause]
_SAha6OOMXy-00109-00107351-00108013 [Music]
_SAha6OOMXy-00110-00108014-00108210 Love
_SAha6OOMXy-00111-00108211-00108636 Is No Life
_SAha6OOMXy-00112-00108638-00109632 [Music]
_SAha6OOMXy-00113-00109633-00110366 [Music]
_SAha6OOMXy-00114-00110367-00111164 [Music]
_SAha6OOMXy-00115-00111165-00111436 [Music]
_SAha6OOMXy-00116-00111438-00111706 happy celebrations
_SAha6OOMXy-00117-00111707-00113650 [Music]
_SAha6OOMXy-00118-00113651-00114425 [Music]
_SAha6OOMXy-00119-00114426-00114618 foreign
_SAha6OOMXy-00120-00114619-00116264 [Music]
_SAha6OOMXy-00121-00116265-00118181 [Music]
_SAha6OOMXy-00122-00118182-00118224 foreign
_SAha6OOMXy-00123-00118225-00118350 [Music]
_SAha6OOMXy-00124-00118351-00118781 [Applause]
_SAha6OOMXy-00125-00118782-00120043 [Music]
_SAha6OOMXy-00126-00120044-00120574 [Music]
_SAha6OOMXy-00127-00120575-00121607 [Music]
_SAha6OOMXy-00128-00121608-00121867 foreign
_SAha6OOMXy-00129-00121868-00123074 [Music]
_SAha6OOMXy-00130-00123075-00123368 [Applause]
_SAha6OOMXy-00131-00123369-00124895 [Music]
_SAha6OOMXy-00132-00124896-00125521 [Applause]
_SAha6OOMXy-00133-00125522-00125849 [Music]
_SAha6OOMXy-00134-00125850-00126208 foreign
_SAha6OOMXy-00135-00126209-00128243 [Music]
_SAha6OOMXy-00136-00128244-00129270 foreign
_SAha6OOMXy-00137-00129271-00130181 [Music]
_SAha6OOMXy-00138-00130182-00131269 [Music]
_SAha6OOMXy-00139-00131270-00131543 I cannot really do the things
_SAha6OOMXy-00140-00131544-00133590 [Music]
_SAha6OOMXy-00141-00133591-00134144 thank you
_SAha6OOMXy-00142-00134145-00134549 [Music]
_SAha6OOMXy-00143-00134550-00135030 foreign
_SAha6OOMXy-00144-00135031-00138028 [Music]
_SAha6OOMXy-00145-00138029-00138205 being true
_SAha6OOMXy-00146-00138206-00140986 [Music]
_SAha6OOMXy-00147-00140987-00141521 [Music]
_SAha6OOMXy-00148-00141522-00141593 [Applause]
_SAha6OOMXy-00149-00141594-00142273 [Music]
_SAha6OOMXy-00150-00142274-00143320 thank you
_SAha6OOMXy-00151-00143321-00143904 [Music]
_SAha6OOMXy-00152-00143905-00144251 asked me why I hate you now let me tell
_SAha6OOMXy-00153-00144252-00144643 the truth I've been away and five years
_SAha6OOMXy-00154-00144644-00145002 [Music]
_SAha6OOMXy-00155-00145003-00145400 and ask me what to do
_SAha6OOMXy-00156-00145401-00147097 [Music]
_SAha6OOMXy-00157-00147098-00148414 [Music]
_SAha6OOMXy-00158-00148415-00148804 foreign
_SAha6OOMXy-00159-00148805-00150849 [Music]
_SAha6OOMXy-00160-00150850-00151121 [Music]
_SAha6OOMXy-00161-00151122-00151451 foreign
_SAha6OOMXy-00162-00151452-00151850 foreign
_SAha6OOMXy-00163-00151851-00153307 [Music]
_SAha6OOMXy-00164-00153308-00155596 [Music]
_SAha6OOMXy-00165-00155597-00157134 [Music]
_SAha6OOMXy-00166-00157135-00157256 [Music]
_SAha6OOMXy-00167-00157257-00157763 [Applause]
_SAha6OOMXy-00168-00157764-00157867 foreign
_SAha6OOMXy-00169-00157868-00158428 [Music]
_SAha6OOMXy-00170-00158429-00160285 [Music]
_SAha6OOMXy-00171-00160286-00161951 [Music]
_SAha6OOMXy-00172-00161952-00162437 foreign
_SAha6OOMXy-00173-00162438-00163267 [Music]
_SAha6OOMXy-00174-00163268-00163781 [Music]
_SAha6OOMXy-00175-00163782-00163964 [Applause]
_SAha6OOMXy-00176-00163965-00165043 [Music]
_SAha6OOMXy-00177-00165044-00165221 thank you
_SAha6OOMXy-00178-00165222-00166681 foreign
_SAha6OOMXy-00179-00166682-00168221 [Music]
_SAha6OOMXy-00180-00168222-00169621 foreign
_SAha6OOMXy-00181-00169622-00170794 [Music]
_SAha6OOMXy-00182-00170795-00171468 [Music]
_SAha6OOMXy-00183-00171469-00172109 [Music]
_SAha6OOMXy-00184-00172110-00172325 foreign
_SAha6OOMXy-00185-00172326-00174088 [Music]
_SAha6OOMXy-00186-00174089-00176171 [Music]
_SAha6OOMXy-00187-00176172-00176860 foreign
_SAha6OOMXy-00188-00176861-00177631 [Music]
_SAha6OOMXy-00189-00177632-00178765 [Music]
_SAha6OOMXy-00190-00178766-00180539 [Music]
_SAha6OOMXy-00191-00180540-00180851 [Music]
_SAha6OOMXy-00192-00180852-00181823 Jesus
_SAha6OOMXy-00193-00181824-00183311 she's sleeping
_SAha6OOMXy-00194-00183312-00183553 foreign
_SAha6OOMXy-00195-00183554-00185031 [Music]
_SAha6OOMXy-00196-00185032-00185924 [Music]
_SAha6OOMXy-00197-00185925-00187134 [Music]
_SAha6OOMXy-00198-00187135-00187378 [Music]
_SAha6OOMXy-00199-00187379-00187873 foreign
_SAha6OOMXy-00200-00187874-00188504 [Music]
_SAha6OOMXy-00201-00188505-00190666 [Music]
_SAha6OOMXy-00202-00190667-00191254 [Music]
_SAha6OOMXy-00203-00191255-00194104 go away
_SAha6OOMXy-00204-00194105-00195692 foreign
_SAha6OOMXy-00205-00195693-00195719 [Music]
_SAha6OOMXy-00206-00195720-00195892 [Applause]
_SAha6OOMXy-00207-00195893-00196350 [Music]
_SAha6OOMXy-00208-00196351-00196887 [Applause]
_SAha6OOMXy-00209-00196888-00197788 [Music]
_SAha6OOMXy-00210-00197789-00198157 [Music]
_SAha6OOMXy-00211-00198158-00198478 you say there's nothing
_SAha6OOMXy-00212-00198479-00199065 [Music]
_SAha6OOMXy-00213-00199066-00200887 [Music]
_SAha6OOMXy-00214-00200888-00201991 sometimes I wish
_SAha6OOMXy-00215-00201992-00202897 [Music]
_SAha6OOMXy-00216-00202898-00203971 [Music]
_SAha6OOMXy-00217-00203972-00204352 things to be
_SAha6OOMXy-00218-00204353-00205539 clear
_SAha6OOMXy-00219-00205540-00205934 [Applause]
_SAha6OOMXy-00220-00205935-00206607 [Music]
_SAha6OOMXy-00222-00209867-00210001 [Music]
_SAha6OOMXy-00223-00210002-00212119 the Sun comes
_SAha6OOMXy-00224-00212119-00212554 because you're beautiful
_SAha6OOMXy-00225-00212555-00212661 [Applause]
_SAha6OOMXy-00226-00212662-00214521 [Music]
_SAha6OOMXy-00227-00214521-00214839 [Music]
_STgZXoZunI-00000-00000086-00000320 Christianity in the 11th century is
_STgZXoZunI-00001-00000321-00000526 marked primarily by the Great Schism of
_STgZXoZunI-00002-00000527-00000703 the church which formerly divided the
_STgZXoZunI-00003-00000704-00000898 state Church of the Roman Empire into
_STgZXoZunI-00004-00000899-00001132 eastern Greek and western Latin branches
_STgZXoZunI-00005-00001133-00001465 in 1054 following the death of the
_STgZXoZunI-00006-00001466-00001691 patriarch of Rome Leo the ninth papal
_STgZXoZunI-00007-00001692-00001900 legates representatives of the Pope from
_STgZXoZunI-00008-00001901-00002123 Rome travelled to Constantinople to deny
_STgZXoZunI-00009-00002124-00002297 Michael Cyril arias the reigning
_STgZXoZunI-00010-00002298-00002533 patriarch of Constantinople the title of
_STgZXoZunI-00011-00002534-00002749 ecumenical patriarch and to insist that
_STgZXoZunI-00012-00002750-00002941 he recognized the Church of Rome's claim
_STgZXoZunI-00013-00002942-00003052 to be the head and mother of the
_STgZXoZunI-00014-00003053-00003386 churches Cyril arias refused resulting
_STgZXoZunI-00015-00003386-00003533 in the leader of the contingent from
_STgZXoZunI-00016-00003534-00003763 Rome excommunicating Cyril arias and the
_STgZXoZunI-00017-00003764-00003974 legate's in turn being excommunicated by
_STgZXoZunI-00018-00003975-00004256 Constantinople though this event in and
_STgZXoZunI-00019-00004257-00004427 of itself was relatively insignificant
_STgZXoZunI-00020-00004428-00004627 and the authority of the legate's in
_STgZXoZunI-00021-00004628-00004820 their actions was dubious it ultimately
_STgZXoZunI-00022-00004821-00004993 marked the end of any pretense of a
_STgZXoZunI-00023-00004994-00005138 union between the eastern and western
_STgZXoZunI-00024-00005139-00005416 branches of the church though efforts
_STgZXoZunI-00025-00005417-00005609 were made at reconciliation at various
_STgZXoZunI-00026-00005610-00005827 times they remain divided each claiming
_STgZXoZunI-00027-00005828-00006279 to be the true Christian Church
_STgZXoZunI-00028-00006280-00006873 topic investiture controversy
_STgZXoZunI-00029-00006875-00007201 topic the first major phase of the
_STgZXoZunI-00030-00007202-00007378 struggle between church and state in
_STgZXoZunI-00031-00007379-00007522 medieval Europe was marked by the
_STgZXoZunI-00032-00007523-00007738 investiture controversy between Emperor
_STgZXoZunI-00033-00007739-00007903 and Pope over the right to make Church
_STgZXoZunI-00034-00007904-00008170 appointments the papacy were the initial
_STgZXoZunI-00035-00008170-00008377 victors but as Italians divided between
_STgZXoZunI-00036-00008378-00008590 Guelph's and Ghibellines in factions
_STgZXoZunI-00037-00008591-00008737 that were often passed down through
_STgZXoZunI-00038-00008738-00008923 families or States until the end of the
_STgZXoZunI-00039-00008924-00009118 Middle Ages the dispute gradually
_STgZXoZunI-00040-00009119-00009316 weakened the papacy not least by drawing
_STgZXoZunI-00041-00009317-00009643 it into politics in 10:59 the church
_STgZXoZunI-00042-00009644-00009859 attempted to control or exact a price
_STgZXoZunI-00043-00009860-00010066 for most marriages among the great by
_STgZXoZunI-00044-00010067-00010228 prohibiting marriages involving
_STgZXoZunI-00045-00010229-00010492 consanguinity blood kin and affinity kin
_STgZXoZunI-00046-00010493-00010657 by marriage to the seventh degree of
_STgZXoZunI-00047-00010658-00010942 relationship under these rules almost
_STgZXoZunI-00048-00010943-00011110 all great marriages required a
_STgZXoZunI-00049-00011111-00011353 dispensation the rules were relaxed to
_STgZXoZunI-00050-00011354-00011598 the fourth degree in 1215 the
_STgZXoZunI-00051-00011599-00011830 investiture controversy or lay
_STgZXoZunI-00052-00011831-00012028 investiture controversy was the most
_STgZXoZunI-00053-00012029-00012246 significant conflict between secular and
_STgZXoZunI-00054-00012247-00012514 religious powers in medieval Europe it
_STgZXoZunI-00055-00012515-00012721 began as a dispute in the 11th century
_STgZXoZunI-00056-00012722-00012952 between the Holy Roman Emperor Henry the
_STgZXoZunI-00057-00012953-00013132 fourth and Pope Gregory the seventh
_STgZXoZunI-00058-00013133-00013291 concerning who would appoint bishops
_STgZXoZunI-00059-00013291-00013528 investiture the end of lay investiture
_STgZXoZunI-00060-00013529-00013750 threatened to undercut the power of the
_STgZXoZunI-00061-00013751-00013966 Empire and the ambitions of noblemen for
_STgZXoZunI-00062-00013966-00014250 the benefit of church reform bishops
_STgZXoZunI-00063-00014251-00014449 collected revenues from estates attached
_STgZXoZunI-00064-00014450-00014671 to their bishopric noblemen who held
_STgZXoZunI-00065-00014672-00014902 lands hereditarily passed those lands on
_STgZXoZunI-00066-00014903-00015144 within their family however because
_STgZXoZunI-00067-00015145-00015372 bishops had no legitimate children when
_STgZXoZunI-00068-00015373-00015607 a bishop died it was the king s right to
_STgZXoZunI-00069-00015608-00015928 appoint a successor so while a king had
_STgZXoZunI-00070-00015929-00016159 little recourse in preventing nobleman
_STgZXoZunI-00071-00016160-00016381 from acquiring powerful domains via
_STgZXoZunI-00072-00016382-00016630 inheritance and dynastic marriages a
_STgZXoZunI-00073-00016631-00016864 king could keep careful control of lands
_STgZXoZunI-00074-00016865-00017149 under the domain of his bishops Kings
_STgZXoZunI-00075-00017150-00017368 would bestow bishoprics to members of
_STgZXoZunI-00076-00017369-00017566 noble families whose friendship he
_STgZXoZunI-00077-00017567-00017875 wished to secure furthermore if a king
_STgZXoZunI-00078-00017876-00018072 left a bishopric vacant then he
_STgZXoZunI-00079-00018073-00018382 collected the estate's revenues until a
_STgZXoZunI-00080-00018383-00018592 bishop was appointed when in theory he
_STgZXoZunI-00081-00018593-00018805 was to repay the earnings the inn
_STgZXoZunI-00082-00018806-00018969 frequence of this repayment was an
_STgZXoZunI-00083-00018970-00019183 obvious source of dispute the church
_STgZXoZunI-00084-00019184-00019306 wanted to end this lay investiture
_STgZXoZunI-00085-00019307-00019549 because of the potential corruption not
_STgZXoZunI-00086-00019550-00019774 only from vacancies but also from other
_STgZXoZunI-00087-00019775-00019990 practices such as simony
_STgZXoZunI-00088-00019991-00020227 Pope Gregory the seventh issued the dick
_STgZXoZunI-00089-00020228-00020434 Tadas poppy which declared that the Pope
_STgZXoZunI-00090-00020435-00020635 alone could appoint or deposed bishops
_STgZXoZunI-00091-00020636-00020932 or translate them to other C's Henry the
_STgZXoZunI-00092-00020933-00021130 fourths rejection of the decree lead to
_STgZXoZunI-00093-00021131-00021340 his excommunication and a ducal revolt
_STgZXoZunI-00094-00021341-00021583 eventually Henry received absolution
_STgZXoZunI-00095-00021584-00021796 after dramatic public penance barefoot
_STgZXoZunI-00096-00021797-00021970 in alpine snow and cloaked in a
_STgZXoZunI-00097-00021971-00022015 hairshirt
_STgZXoZunI-00098-00022016-00022165 though the revolt and conflict of
_STgZXoZunI-00099-00022166-00022477 investiture continued likewise a similar
_STgZXoZunI-00100-00022478-00022654 controversy occurred in England between
_STgZXoZunI-00101-00022655-00022885 King Henry the first and Saint Anselm
_STgZXoZunI-00102-00022886-00023077 Archbishop of Canterbury over
_STgZXoZunI-00103-00023078-00023305 investiture and ecclesiastical revenues
_STgZXoZunI-00104-00023306-00023446 collected by the king during an
_STgZXoZunI-00105-00023447-00023737 Episcopal vacancy the English dispute
_STgZXoZunI-00106-00023738-00023890 was resolved by the king court out of
_STgZXoZunI-00107-00023891-00024157 London in 1107 where the king renounced
_STgZXoZunI-00108-00024158-00024328 his claim to invest bishops but
_STgZXoZunI-00109-00024329-00024496 continued to require an oath of fealty
_STgZXoZunI-00110-00024497-00024751 from them upon their election this was a
_STgZXoZunI-00111-00024752-00024940 partial model for the Concordat of worms
_STgZXoZunI-00112-00024941-00025168 pactum collects gnam which resolved the
_STgZXoZunI-00113-00025169-00025378 Imperial investiture controversy with a
_STgZXoZunI-00114-00025379-00025549 compromise that allowed secular
_STgZXoZunI-00115-00025550-00025747 authorities some measure of control that
_STgZXoZunI-00116-00025748-00025906 granted the selection of bishops to
_STgZXoZunI-00117-00025907-00026169 their Cathedral canons as a symbol of
_STgZXoZunI-00118-00026170-00026386 the compromise lay authorities invested
_STgZXoZunI-00119-00026387-00026557 bishops with their secular authority
_STgZXoZunI-00120-00026558-00026701 symbolized by the lands and
_STgZXoZunI-00121-00026702-00026917 ecclesiastical authorities invested
_STgZXoZunI-00122-00026918-00027097 bishops with their spiritual authority
_STgZXoZunI-00123-00027098-00027658 symbolized by the ring and the staff
_STgZXoZunI-00124-00027660-00028097 pick theology
_STgZXoZunI-00125-00028098-00028467 topic
_STgZXoZunI-00126-00028468-00028707 topic Western theology before
_STgZXoZunI-00127-00028708-00029108 scholasticism
_STgZXoZunI-00128-00029110-00029445 topic with the division and decline of
_STgZXoZunI-00129-00029445-00029625 the Carolingian Empire notable
_STgZXoZunI-00130-00029626-00029841 Theological activity was preserved in
_STgZXoZunI-00131-00029842-00030014 some of the Cathedral schools that had
_STgZXoZunI-00132-00030016-00030204 begun to rise to prominence under it for
_STgZXoZunI-00133-00030205-00030381 instance at augs ear in the 9th century
_STgZXoZunI-00134-00030382-00030549 or char trees in the eleventh
_STgZXoZunI-00135-00030550-00030770 intellectual influences from the Arabic
_STgZXoZunI-00136-00030772-00030920 world including works of classical
_STgZXoZunI-00137-00030922-00031145 authors preserved by Islamic scholars
_STgZXoZunI-00138-00031145-00031374 percolated into the Christian West via
_STgZXoZunI-00139-00031375-00031427 Spain
_STgZXoZunI-00140-00031429-00031652 influencing such theologians as Gerbert
_STgZXoZunI-00141-00031654-00031833 of aurillac who went on to become pope
_STgZXoZunI-00142-00031833-00032052 sylvester ii and mentor to otto the
_STgZXoZunI-00143-00032052-00032325 third otto was the fourth ruler of the
_STgZXoZunI-00144-00032326-00032544 germanic italian holy roman empire
_STgZXoZunI-00145-00032545-00032799 successor to the carolingian empire with
_STgZXoZunI-00146-00032800-00032991 hindsight one might say that a new note
_STgZXoZunI-00147-00032992-00033177 was struck when a controversy about the
_STgZXoZunI-00148-00033178-00033327 meaning of the Eucharist blew up around
_STgZXoZunI-00149-00033328-00033537 Berengar of Tours in the 11th century
_STgZXoZunI-00150-00033538-00033720 hints of a new confidence in the
_STgZXoZunI-00151-00033721-00033912 intellectual investigation of the faith
_STgZXoZunI-00152-00033913-00034122 that perhaps foreshadowed the explosion
_STgZXoZunI-00153-00034123-00034323 of theological argument that was to take
_STgZXoZunI-00154-00034324-00034614 place in the 12th century notable
_STgZXoZunI-00155-00034615-00034896 authors include full-bird of char trees
_STgZXoZunI-00156-00034897-00035429 died 1028 Berengar of Tours see 0.999 -
_STgZXoZunI-00157-00035430-00036155 1088 lan frong died 1089
_STgZXoZunI-00158-00036156-00036689 topic monasticism
_STgZXoZunI-00159-00036690-00037034 topic one of the major developments in
_STgZXoZunI-00160-00037035-00037274 monasticism during the 11th century was
_STgZXoZunI-00161-00037275-00037469 the height of the cluniac reforms which
_STgZXoZunI-00162-00037470-00037679 centred upon Cluny abbey and burgundy
_STgZXoZunI-00163-00037680-00037856 which controlled a large centralized
_STgZXoZunI-00164-00037857-00038063 order with over 200 monasteries
_STgZXoZunI-00165-00038064-00038203 throughout Western Christendom
_STgZXoZunI-00166-00038204-00038489 Cluny championed a revived papacy during
_STgZXoZunI-00167-00038490-00038672 this century and encouraged stricter
_STgZXoZunI-00168-00038673-00038864 monastic discipline with a return to the
_STgZXoZunI-00169-00038865-00039152 principles of the Benedictine rule Cluny
_STgZXoZunI-00170-00039153-00039368 a be promoted art and literature and the
_STgZXoZunI-00171-00039369-00039542 liturgy at the Romanesque Abbey Church
_STgZXoZunI-00172-00039543-00039776 was an ornate formal affair dedicated to
_STgZXoZunI-00173-00039777-00040052 glorifying God together with the revived
_STgZXoZunI-00174-00040053-00040229 papacy Clooney worked for greater
_STgZXoZunI-00175-00040230-00040514 devotion among men in the church towards
_STgZXoZunI-00176-00040515-00040712 the end of the 12th century the wealth
_STgZXoZunI-00177-00040713-00040925 and power of Clooney was criticized by
_STgZXoZunI-00178-00040926-00041114 many monastics in the church especially
_STgZXoZunI-00179-00041115-00041339 those that broke from the cluniac order
_STgZXoZunI-00180-00041340-00041519 to form the Cistercians who devoted
_STgZXoZunI-00181-00041520-00041678 themselves with much greater rigor to
_STgZXoZunI-00182-00041679-00042181 manual labor and severe austerity
_STgZXoZunI-00183-00042182-00042761 topic spread of Christianity
_STgZXoZunI-00184-00042762-00043126 topic
_STgZXoZunI-00185-00043127-00043590 topic Poland
_STgZXoZunI-00186-00043591-00043923 topic the spread Christianity was
_STgZXoZunI-00187-00043924-00044133 reversed temporarily in Poland as the
_STgZXoZunI-00188-00044134-00044328 pagan reaction in Poland saw many
_STgZXoZunI-00189-00044329-00044517 churches and monasteries burned and
_STgZXoZunI-00190-00044518-00044874 priests killed
_STgZXoZunI-00191-00044875-00045389 topic Scandinavia
_STgZXoZunI-00192-00045390-00045752 topic Scandinavia was the last part of
_STgZXoZunI-00193-00045753-00045929 Germanic Europe to convert and most
_STgZXoZunI-00194-00045930-00046208 resistant from the high middle ages the
_STgZXoZunI-00195-00046209-00046382 territories of northern Europe were
_STgZXoZunI-00196-00046383-00046577 gradually converted to Christianity
_STgZXoZunI-00197-00046578-00046766 under German leadership and made into
_STgZXoZunI-00198-00046767-00046907 nation-states under the church's
_STgZXoZunI-00199-00046908-00047093 guidance finalized in the northern
_STgZXoZunI-00200-00047094-00047401 Crusades later German and Scandinavian
_STgZXoZunI-00201-00047402-00047651 noblemen extended their power to Finnick
_STgZXoZunI-00202-00047652-00048028 Samak Baltic and some Slavic people's
_STgZXoZunI-00203-00048029-00048245 migrations of peoples although not
_STgZXoZunI-00204-00048246-00048490 strictly part of the migration age
_STgZXoZunI-00205-00048491-00048800 continued beyond 1000 marked by Viking
_STgZXoZunI-00206-00048801-00049088 magyar Turkic and Mongol invasions also
_STgZXoZunI-00207-00049089-00049304 had significant effects especially in
_STgZXoZunI-00208-00049305-00049658 Eastern Europe
_STgZXoZunI-00209-00049659-00050135 topic Goths
_STgZXoZunI-00210-00050136-00050449 topic many Goths converted to
_STgZXoZunI-00211-00050450-00050674 Christianity as individuals outside the
_STgZXoZunI-00212-00050675-00050933 Roman Empire most members of other
_STgZXoZunI-00213-00050934-00051130 tribes converted Christian when their
_STgZXoZunI-00214-00051131-00051299 respective tribes settled within the
_STgZXoZunI-00215-00051300-00051556 Empire and most Franks and anglo-saxons
_STgZXoZunI-00216-00051557-00051841 converted a few generations later during
_STgZXoZunI-00217-00051842-00052030 the later centuries following the fall
_STgZXoZunI-00218-00052032-00052246 of Rome as the Roman Church gradually
_STgZXoZunI-00219-00052247-00052460 split between the dioceses loyal to the
_STgZXoZunI-00220-00052461-00052657 patriarch of Rome in the West and those
_STgZXoZunI-00221-00052658-00052844 loyal to the other patriarchs in the
_STgZXoZunI-00222-00052845-00053024 East most of the Germanic peoples
_STgZXoZunI-00223-00053025-00053234 accepting the criming Goths and a few
_STgZXoZunI-00224-00053235-00053429 other Eastern groups gradually became
_STgZXoZunI-00225-00053429-00053615 strongly allied with the Western Church
_STgZXoZunI-00226-00053616-00053830 particularly as a result of the reign of
_STgZXoZunI-00227-00053832-00054266 Charlemagne
_STgZXoZunI-00228-00054266-00054733 pick east-west schism
_STgZXoZunI-00229-00054734-00055090 topic the east-west schism or Great
_STgZXoZunI-00230-00055091-00055321 Schism separated the church into Western
_STgZXoZunI-00231-00055322-00055561 Latin and eastern Greek branches ie
_STgZXoZunI-00232-00055562-00055738 Western Catholicism and Eastern
_STgZXoZunI-00233-00055739-00056016 Orthodoxy it was the first major
_STgZXoZunI-00234-00056017-00056209 division since certain groups in the
_STgZXoZunI-00235-00056210-00056386 East rejected the decrees of the Council
_STgZXoZunI-00236-00056387-00056667 of Chalcedon see oriental orthodoxy and
_STgZXoZunI-00237-00056669-00056932 was far more significant relations
_STgZXoZunI-00238-00056933-00057124 between East and West had long been
_STgZXoZunI-00239-00057125-00057259 embittered by political and
_STgZXoZunI-00240-00057260-00057439 ecclesiastical differences in
_STgZXoZunI-00241-00057440-00057601 theological disputes there were
_STgZXoZunI-00242-00057602-00057769 doctrinal issues like the Filioque
_STgZXoZunI-00243-00057770-00057937 clause and the authority of the Pope
_STgZXoZunI-00244-00057938-00058107 involved in the split but these were
_STgZXoZunI-00245-00058108-00058336 exacerbated by cultural and linguistic
_STgZXoZunI-00246-00058337-00058536 differences between Latins and Greeks
_STgZXoZunI-00247-00058537-00058759 prior to that the eastern and western
_STgZXoZunI-00248-00058760-00058969 halves of the church had frequently been
_STgZXoZunI-00249-00058970-00059176 in conflict particularly during the
_STgZXoZunI-00250-00059177-00059389 periods of iconoclasm and the foe daeun
_STgZXoZunI-00251-00059390-00059629 schism one the Orthodox East perceived
_STgZXoZunI-00252-00059629-00059832 the papacy as taking on monarch type
_STgZXoZunI-00253-00059833-00060007 characteristics that were not in line
_STgZXoZunI-00254-00060008-00060274 with the church s historical tradition
_STgZXoZunI-00255-00060275-00060579 the official schism in 1054 was the
_STgZXoZunI-00256-00060580-00060823 excommunication of patriarch Michael
_STgZXoZunI-00257-00060824-00061080 Cyril arias of Constantinople followed
_STgZXoZunI-00258-00061082-00061344 by his excommunication of papal legates
_STgZXoZunI-00259-00061345-00061636 both groups are descended from the early
_STgZXoZunI-00260-00061637-00061864 church both acknowledge the apostolic
_STgZXoZunI-00261-00061865-00062194 succession of each other s bishops and
_STgZXoZunI-00262-00062195-00062452 the validity of each other as sacraments
_STgZXoZunI-00263-00062453-00062671 though both acknowledge the primacy of
_STgZXoZunI-00264-00062672-00062932 the Bishop of Rome Eastern Orthodoxy
_STgZXoZunI-00265-00062933-00063166 understands this as a primacy of Honor
_STgZXoZunI-00266-00063166-00063400 with limited or no ecclesiastical
_STgZXoZunI-00267-00063401-00063745 authority in other dioceses the Orthodox
_STgZXoZunI-00268-00063746-00064000 East perceived the papacy as taking on
_STgZXoZunI-00269-00064001-00064210 monarch type characteristics that were
_STgZXoZunI-00270-00064211-00064837 not in line with the church s tradition
_STgZXoZunI-00271-00064838-00065366 topic ecclesiology
_STgZXoZunI-00272-00065367-00065675 topic at the root of what became the
_STgZXoZunI-00273-00065676-00065837 Great Schism as the question of
_STgZXoZunI-00274-00065838-00066101 ecclesiology the Eastern Churches
_STgZXoZunI-00275-00066102-00066299 maintained the idea that every local
_STgZXoZunI-00276-00066300-00066518 city church with its bishop presbytery
_STgZXoZunI-00277-00066519-00066701 khun's and people celebrating the
_STgZXoZunI-00278-00066702-00066881 Eucharist constituted the whole church
_STgZXoZunI-00279-00066882-00067134 in this view called Eucharistic
_STgZXoZunI-00280-00067135-00067310 ecclesiology or more recently
_STgZXoZunI-00281-00067311-00067568 holographic ecclesiology every bishop a
_STgZXoZunI-00282-00067569-00067803 st. Peter's successor in his church the
_STgZXoZunI-00283-00067804-00068030 church and the church's form what
_STgZXoZunI-00284-00068031-00068219 Eusebius called a common union of
_STgZXoZunI-00285-00068220-00068468 churches this implied that all bishops
_STgZXoZunI-00286-00068469-00068654 were ontologically equal although
_STgZXoZunI-00287-00068655-00068867 functionally particular bishops could be
_STgZXoZunI-00288-00068868-00069048 granted special privileges by other
_STgZXoZunI-00289-00069049-00069257 bishops and serve as Metropolitan's
_STgZXoZunI-00290-00069258-00069573 Archbishop's or patriarchs early on the
_STgZXoZunI-00291-00069574-00069776 ecclesiology of the Roman Church was
_STgZXoZunI-00292-00069777-00069992 Universal in nature with the idea that
_STgZXoZunI-00293-00069993-00070193 the church was a worldwide organism with
_STgZXoZunI-00294-00070194-00070400 a divinely not functionally appointed
_STgZXoZunI-00295-00070401-00070855 Center the Church Bishop of Rome
_STgZXoZunI-00296-00070856-00071400 topic language and culture
_STgZXoZunI-00297-00071401-00071736 topic the dominant language of the West
_STgZXoZunI-00298-00071737-00071922 was Latin whilst that of the East was
_STgZXoZunI-00299-00071923-00072207 Greek soon after the fall of the Western
_STgZXoZunI-00300-00072208-00072399 Empire the number of individuals who
_STgZXoZunI-00301-00072400-00072606 spoke both Latin and Greek began to
_STgZXoZunI-00302-00072607-00072807 dwindle and communication between east
_STgZXoZunI-00303-00072808-00073080 and west grew much more difficult with
_STgZXoZunI-00304-00073081-00073305 linguistic unity GaN cultural unity
_STgZXoZunI-00305-00073306-00073563 began to crumble as well the two halves
_STgZXoZunI-00306-00073564-00073734 of the church were naturally divided
_STgZXoZunI-00307-00073735-00073926 along similar lines they developed
_STgZXoZunI-00308-00073927-00074079 different rights and had different
_STgZXoZunI-00309-00074080-00074525 approaches to religious doctrines
_STgZXoZunI-00310-00074526-00075061 topic papal supremacy
_STgZXoZunI-00311-00075062-00075424 topic the primary causes of the schism
_STgZXoZunI-00312-00075425-00075628 were disputes over conflicting claims of
_STgZXoZunI-00313-00075629-00075859 jurisdiction in particular over papal
_STgZXoZunI-00314-00075860-00076099 Authority Pope Leo the ninth claimed he
_STgZXoZunI-00315-00076100-00076273 held authority over the four eastern
_STgZXoZunI-00316-00076274-00076483 patriarchs and over the insertion of the
_STgZXoZunI-00317-00076484-00076699 Filioque clause into the Nicene Creed by
_STgZXoZunI-00318-00076700-00076924 the Western patriarch in 1014
_STgZXoZunI-00319-00076925-00077203 Eastern Orthodoxy states that the twenty
_STgZXoZunI-00320-00077204-00077388 eighth Canon of the Council of Chalcedon
_STgZXoZunI-00321-00077389-00077614 explicitly proclaimed the Equality of
_STgZXoZunI-00322-00077615-00077779 the bishops of Rome and Constantinople
_STgZXoZunI-00323-00077780-00077980 and that it established the highest
_STgZXoZunI-00324-00077981-00078169 court of ecclesiastical appeal in
_STgZXoZunI-00325-00078170-00078445 Constantinople the seventh Canon of the
_STgZXoZunI-00326-00078446-00078739 Council of Ephesus declared it is
_STgZXoZunI-00327-00078740-00078964 unlawful for any man to bring forward or
_STgZXoZunI-00328-00078965-00079138 to write or to compose a different
_STgZXoZunI-00329-00079139-00079294 header in faith as a rival to that
_STgZXoZunI-00330-00079295-00079462 established by the Holy Fathers
_STgZXoZunI-00331-00079463-00079654 assembled with the Holy Ghost in Nicaea
_STgZXoZunI-00332-00079655-00079885 but those who shall dare to compose a
_STgZXoZunI-00333-00079886-00080095 different faith or to introduce or offer
_STgZXoZunI-00334-00080096-00080305 it to persons desiring to turn to the
_STgZXoZunI-00335-00080306-00080452 acknowledgement of the truth whether
_STgZXoZunI-00336-00080453-00080683 from hedonism or from Judaism or from
_STgZXoZunI-00337-00080684-00080896 any heresy whatsoever shall be deposed
_STgZXoZunI-00338-00080897-00081139 if they be bishops or clergymen bishops
_STgZXoZunI-00339-00081140-00081316 from the episcopate and clergymen from
_STgZXoZunI-00340-00081317-00081511 the clergy and if they be laymen they
_STgZXoZunI-00341-00081512-00081736 shall be anathematized Eastern Orthodoxy
_STgZXoZunI-00342-00081737-00081913 also observes that this Canon of the
_STgZXoZunI-00343-00081914-00082225 Council of Ephesus in 431 explicitly
_STgZXoZunI-00344-00082226-00082429 prohibited modification of the Nicene
_STgZXoZunI-00345-00082430-00082624 Creed drawn up by the first Council of
_STgZXoZunI-00346-00082625-00082960 Nicaea in 325 and modified by the second
_STgZXoZunI-00347-00082961-00083332 ecumenical council in 381 thus to change
_STgZXoZunI-00348-00083333-00083683 who proceeds from the father to who
_STgZXoZunI-00349-00083684-00083892 proceeds from the father and the son
_STgZXoZunI-00350-00083893-00084268 Lavin Filioque added is rejected by the
_STgZXoZunI-00351-00084269-00084505 Orthodox both as illicit and doctrinally
_STgZXoZunI-00352-00084506-00084805 incorrect in the Orthodox view the
_STgZXoZunI-00353-00084806-00085009 Bishop of Rome ie the Pope would have
_STgZXoZunI-00354-00085010-00085210 universal primacy in a reunited
_STgZXoZunI-00355-00085211-00085360 Christendom as Primus inter pares
_STgZXoZunI-00356-00085361-00085895 without power of jurisdiction
_STgZXoZunI-00357-00085896-00086368 pick other points of conflict
_STgZXoZunI-00358-00086369-00086698 topic many other issues increased
_STgZXoZunI-00359-00086699-00087025 tensions the Western churches insertion
_STgZXoZunI-00360-00087026-00087310 of Filioque into the Latin version of
_STgZXoZunI-00361-00087311-00087631 the Nicene Creed disputes in the Balkans
_STgZXoZunI-00362-00087632-00087847 southern Italy and Sicily over whether
_STgZXoZunI-00363-00087848-00088018 Rome or Constantinople had
_STgZXoZunI-00364-00088019-00088354 ecclesiastical jurisdiction as a result
_STgZXoZunI-00365-00088355-00088501 of the Muslim conquests of the
_STgZXoZunI-00366-00088502-00088696 territories of the patriarch it's of
_STgZXoZunI-00367-00088697-00088942 Alexandria Antioch and Jerusalem only
_STgZXoZunI-00368-00088943-00089133 two rival powerful centres of
_STgZXoZunI-00369-00089134-00089392 ecclesiastical Authority Constantinople
_STgZXoZunI-00370-00089393-00089665 and Rome remained certain liturgical
_STgZXoZunI-00371-00089666-00089860 practices in the West that the East
_STgZXoZunI-00372-00089861-00090010 believed represented illegitimate
_STgZXoZunI-00373-00090011-00090226 innovation the use of unleavened bread
_STgZXoZunI-00374-00090227-00090460 for the Eucharist for example see as I
_STgZXoZunI-00375-00090461-00090778 might celibacy among Western priests
_STgZXoZunI-00376-00090779-00091000 both monastic and parish as opposed to
_STgZXoZunI-00377-00091001-00091180 the eastern discipline whereby parish
_STgZXoZunI-00378-00091181-00091590 priests could be married men
_STgZXoZunI-00379-00091591-00092294 topic mutual excommunication of 1054
_STgZXoZunI-00380-00092295-00092632 topic the dispute about the authority of
_STgZXoZunI-00381-00092633-00092900 Roman bishops reached a climax in 1054
_STgZXoZunI-00382-00092901-00093134 when Michael the first Cyril arias tried
_STgZXoZunI-00383-00093135-00093376 to bolster his position as the patriarch
_STgZXoZunI-00384-00093377-00093647 of Constantinople seeming to set himself
_STgZXoZunI-00385-00093648-00093917 up as a rival of Pope Leo the 9th as the
_STgZXoZunI-00386-00093918-00094121 Pope's previously had forbidden calling
_STgZXoZunI-00387-00094122-00094379 constantinople a patriarch at the
_STgZXoZunI-00388-00094380-00094562 dispute ended when the Pope's leg at
_STgZXoZunI-00389-00094563-00094784 Cardinal Humbert excommunicated Cyril
_STgZXoZunI-00390-00094785-00094969 arias and in exchange Michel
_STgZXoZunI-00391-00094970-00095257 excommunicated the papal legates it was
_STgZXoZunI-00392-00095258-00095456 suspected by the patriarch that the bull
_STgZXoZunI-00393-00095457-00095656 of excommunication placed on the altar
_STgZXoZunI-00394-00095657-00095893 of hiya Sophia had been tampered with by
_STgZXoZunI-00395-00095894-00096122 Argyros the commander of southern Italy
_STgZXoZunI-00396-00096123-00096301 who had a drawn-out controversy with
_STgZXoZunI-00397-00096302-00096562 Michael the first Cyril arias although
_STgZXoZunI-00398-00096563-00096767 this is commonly viewed as the Great
_STgZXoZunI-00399-00096768-00097049 Schism historically the event did little
_STgZXoZunI-00400-00097050-00097237 to change the relationship between East
_STgZXoZunI-00401-00097238-00097519 and West at that time Michael himself
_STgZXoZunI-00402-00097520-00097691 knew that the Pope was a prisoner of the
_STgZXoZunI-00403-00097692-00097886 Normans at the time that Humbert arrived
_STgZXoZunI-00404-00097887-00098018 and by the time Michael was
_STgZXoZunI-00405-00098019-00098267 excommunicated Pope Leo had already died
_STgZXoZunI-00406-00098268-00098485 voiding the papal legates of authority
_STgZXoZunI-00407-00098486-00098765 moreover Michael did not excommunicate
_STgZXoZunI-00408-00098766-00098975 the Pope nor even the Western Church but
_STgZXoZunI-00409-00098976-00099250 only the papal delegation it is probably
_STgZXoZunI-00410-00099251-00099449 more proper to point to the massacre of
_STgZXoZunI-00411-00099450-00099668 the Latins of 1182 or the sack of
_STgZXoZunI-00412-00099669-00099884 Constantinople by the Fourth Crusade in
_STgZXoZunI-00413-00099885-00100136 1204 as more clear separation between
_STgZXoZunI-00414-00100137-00100442 the two churches most of the direct
_STgZXoZunI-00415-00100443-00100655 causes of the Great Schism however are
_STgZXoZunI-00416-00100656-00100819 far less grandiose than the famous
_STgZXoZunI-00417-00100820-00101081 Filioque the relations between the
_STgZXoZunI-00418-00101082-00101279 papacy and the Byzantine Court were good
_STgZXoZunI-00419-00101280-00101579 in the years leading up to 1054 the
_STgZXoZunI-00420-00101580-00101782 Emperor Constantine the 9th and the Pope
_STgZXoZunI-00421-00101783-00101950 Leo the 9th were allied through the
_STgZXoZunI-00422-00101951-00102157 mediation of the Lombard cata pan of
_STgZXoZunI-00423-00102158-00102388 Italy our gyruss who had spent years in
_STgZXoZunI-00424-00102389-00102628 Constantinople originally as a political
_STgZXoZunI-00425-00102629-00102717 prisoner
_STgZXoZunI-00426-00102718-00102967 Cyril arias ordered a letter to be
_STgZXoZunI-00427-00102968-00103139 written to the Bishop of Trani in which
_STgZXoZunI-00428-00103140-00103432 he attacked the jeu de stick practices
_STgZXoZunI-00429-00103433-00103649 of the West namely the use of unleavened
_STgZXoZunI-00430-00103650-00103877 bread the letter was to be sent by John
_STgZXoZunI-00431-00103878-00104051 to all the bishops of the West including
_STgZXoZunI-00432-00104052-00104378 the Pope John promptly complied and the
_STgZXoZunI-00433-00104379-00104546 letter was passed to Humbert of more
_STgZXoZunI-00434-00104547-00104753 matures the Cardinal Bishop of Silva
_STgZXoZunI-00435-00104754-00104945 Canada who translated the letter into
_STgZXoZunI-00436-00104946-00105109 Latin and brought it to the Pope who
_STgZXoZunI-00437-00105110-00105259 ordered a reply to be made to each
_STgZXoZunI-00438-00105260-00105443 charge in a defense of papal supremacy
_STgZXoZunI-00439-00105444-00105690 to be laid out in a response
_STgZXoZunI-00440-00105691-00105918 Michael was convinced to cool the debate
_STgZXoZunI-00441-00105919-00106047 and thus attempt to prevent the
_STgZXoZunI-00442-00106048-00106158 impending breach
_STgZXoZunI-00443-00106158-00106416 however Humbert and the Pope made no
_STgZXoZunI-00444-00106417-00106599 concessions in the former was sent with
_STgZXoZunI-00445-00106600-00106791 legatine powers to the imperial capital
_STgZXoZunI-00446-00106792-00107007 to solve the questions raised once and
_STgZXoZunI-00447-00107008-00107063 for all
_STgZXoZunI-00448-00107064-00107325 Humbert Frederick of Lorraine and Peter
_STgZXoZunI-00449-00107326-00107570 Archbishop of Amalfi arrived in April
_STgZXoZunI-00450-00107571-00107790 1054 and were met with a hostile
_STgZXoZunI-00451-00107791-00107984 reception they stormed out of the palace
_STgZXoZunI-00452-00107985-00108185 leaving the papal response with Michael
_STgZXoZunI-00453-00108186-00108359 who in turn was even more angered by
_STgZXoZunI-00454-00108360-00108635 their actions the patriarch refused to
_STgZXoZunI-00455-00108636-00108833 recognize their authority or practically
_STgZXoZunI-00456-00108834-00109131 their existence when Pope Leo died on
_STgZXoZunI-00457-00109132-00109479 April 19 1054 the legate's authority
_STgZXoZunI-00458-00109480-00109674 legally ceased but they effectively
_STgZXoZunI-00459-00109675-00109950 ignored this technicality in response to
_STgZXoZunI-00460-00109951-00110277 Michael s refusal to address the issues
_STgZXoZunI-00461-00110278-00110466 at hand the legatine mission took the
_STgZXoZunI-00462-00110467-00110640 extreme measure of entering the Church
_STgZXoZunI-00463-00110641-00110820 of the highe Sophia during the Divine
_STgZXoZunI-00464-00110821-00110973 Liturgy and placing a bull of
_STgZXoZunI-00465-00110974-00111372 excommunication 1054 on the altar the
_STgZXoZunI-00466-00111373-00111560 legate's left for Rome two days after
_STgZXoZunI-00467-00111561-00111701 issuing the bull of excommunication
_STgZXoZunI-00468-00111702-00112014 leaving behind a city near riot the
_STgZXoZunI-00469-00112015-00112211 patriarch had the immense support of the
_STgZXoZunI-00470-00112213-00112368 people against the Emperor who had
_STgZXoZunI-00471-00112369-00112508 supported the legate's to his own
_STgZXoZunI-00472-00112509-00112806 detriment to his swage popular anger the
_STgZXoZunI-00473-00112807-00112958 bull was burnt and the legate's were
_STgZXoZunI-00474-00112959-00113058 anathematized
_STgZXoZunI-00475-00113058-00113333 only the legate's were anathematized and
_STgZXoZunI-00476-00113334-00113496 once again there was no explicit
_STgZXoZunI-00477-00113497-00113691 indication that the entire western
_STgZXoZunI-00478-00113692-00113858 church was being anathematized
_STgZXoZunI-00479-00113859-00114150 in the bull of excommunication issued
_STgZXoZunI-00480-00114151-00114357 against patriarch michael by the papal
_STgZXoZunI-00481-00114358-00114546 legates one of the reasons cited was the
_STgZXoZunI-00482-00114547-00114723 Eastern Churches deletion of the
_STgZXoZunI-00483-00114724-00115002 Filioque from the original Nicene Creed
_STgZXoZunI-00484-00115003-00115290 in fact it was the opposite the Eastern
_STgZXoZunI-00485-00115291-00115542 Church did not delete anything it was
_STgZXoZunI-00486-00115543-00115701 the Western Church that added this
_STgZXoZunI-00487-00115702-00115811 phrase to the nicene-constantinopolitan
_STgZXoZunI-00488-00115813-00116270 creed
_STgZXoZunI-00489-00116271-00116772 topic knighthood
_STgZXoZunI-00490-00116773-00117093 topic the nobility of the Middle Ages
_STgZXoZunI-00491-00117094-00117311 was a military class in the early
_STgZXoZunI-00492-00117313-00117560 medieval period a king Rex attracted a
_STgZXoZunI-00493-00117561-00117750 band of loyal warriors comes and
_STgZXoZunI-00494-00117751-00117950 provided for them from his conquests as
_STgZXoZunI-00495-00117951-00118241 the Middle Ages progressed this system
_STgZXoZunI-00496-00118242-00118446 developed into a complex set of feudal
_STgZXoZunI-00497-00118447-00118760 ties and obligations as Christianity had
_STgZXoZunI-00498-00118761-00118991 been accepted by barbarian nobility the
_STgZXoZunI-00499-00118992-00119193 church sought to prevent ecclesiastical
_STgZXoZunI-00500-00119194-00119384 land and clergymen both of which came
_STgZXoZunI-00501-00119385-00119571 from the nobility from embroilment in
_STgZXoZunI-00502-00119572-00119861 martial conflicts by the early 11th
_STgZXoZunI-00503-00119863-00120059 century clergymen and peasants were
_STgZXoZunI-00504-00120060-00120266 granted immunity from violence the peace
_STgZXoZunI-00505-00120267-00120584 of God pacts day soon the warrior elite
_STgZXoZunI-00506-00120585-00120902 became sanctified for example fighting
_STgZXoZunI-00507-00120903-00121115 was banned on holidays the truce of God
_STgZXoZunI-00508-00121116-00121415 true g'day the concept of chivalry
_STgZXoZunI-00509-00121416-00121616 developed emphasizing honour and loyalty
_STgZXoZunI-00510-00121617-00121877 amongst knights with the advent of
_STgZXoZunI-00511-00121878-00122090 Crusades holy orders of Knights were
_STgZXoZunI-00512-00122091-00122288 established who perceived themselves as
_STgZXoZunI-00513-00122289-00122469 called by God to defend Christendom
_STgZXoZunI-00514-00122470-00122684 against Muslim advances in Spain Italy
_STgZXoZunI-00515-00122685-00122943 in the Holy Land and pagan strongholds
_STgZXoZunI-00516-00122944-00123233 in Eastern Europe this activity brought
_STgZXoZunI-00517-00123234-00123479 considerable wealth and power wealthy
_STgZXoZunI-00518-00123480-00123621 Lords and Nobles would give the
_STgZXoZunI-00519-00123622-00123831 monasteries estates in exchange for the
_STgZXoZunI-00520-00123832-00124013 conduction of masses for the soul of a
_STgZXoZunI-00521-00124014-00124245 deceased loved one though this was
_STgZXoZunI-00522-00124246-00124422 likely not the original intent of
_STgZXoZunI-00523-00124423-00124637 Benedict the efficiency of his Cena bid
_STgZXoZunI-00524-00124638-00124826 accrual in addition to the stability of
_STgZXoZunI-00525-00124827-00125049 the monasteries made such estates very
_STgZXoZunI-00526-00125050-00125240 productive the general monk was then
_STgZXoZunI-00527-00125241-00125441 raised to a level of nobility for the
_STgZXoZunI-00528-00125442-00125595 serfs of the estate would tend to the
_STgZXoZunI-00529-00125596-00125775 labor while the monk was free to study
_STgZXoZunI-00530-00125776-00126065 the monasteries thus attracted many of
_STgZXoZunI-00531-00126066-00126275 the best people in society and during
_STgZXoZunI-00532-00126276-00126444 this period the monasteries were the
_STgZXoZunI-00533-00126445-00126635 central storehouses and producers of
_STgZXoZunI-00534-00126636-00126977 knowledge
_STgZXoZunI-00535-00126978-00127504 topic Crusades
_STgZXoZunI-00536-00127505-00127858 topic the Holyland had been part of the
_STgZXoZunI-00537-00127858-00128083 Roman Empire and thus Byzantine Empire
_STgZXoZunI-00538-00128083-00128283 until the Islamic conquests of the
_STgZXoZunI-00539-00128284-00128515 seventh and eighth centuries thereafter
_STgZXoZunI-00540-00128516-00128736 Christians had generally been permitted
_STgZXoZunI-00541-00128738-00128934 to visit the sacred places in the holy
_STgZXoZunI-00542-00128935-00129190 land until 1071 when the Seljuk Turks
_STgZXoZunI-00543-00129191-00129379 closed Christian pilgrimages and
_STgZXoZunI-00544-00129380-00129577 assailed the Byzantines defeating them
_STgZXoZunI-00545-00129578-00129820 at the Battle of Mons occurred Emperor
_STgZXoZunI-00546-00129821-00130030 Alexius the first asked for aid from
_STgZXoZunI-00547-00130031-00130273 pope urban ii for help against islamic
_STgZXoZunI-00548-00130274-00130552 aggression urban ii called upon the
_STgZXoZunI-00549-00130553-00130723 Knights of Christendom in a speech made
_STgZXoZunI-00550-00130724-00130957 at the Council of Clermont on the 27th
_STgZXoZunI-00551-00130958-00131233 of November 1095 combining the idea of
_STgZXoZunI-00552-00131234-00131434 pilgrimage to the Holy Land with that of
_STgZXoZunI-00553-00131435-00131740 waging a holy war against infidels the
_STgZXoZunI-00554-00131741-00132022 First Crusade captured Antioch in 1099
_STgZXoZunI-00555-00132023-00132271 and then Jerusalem a traditional
_STgZXoZunI-00556-00132272-00132478 numbering scheme for the Crusades totals
_STgZXoZunI-00557-00132479-00132762 9 during the 11th to 13th centuries
_STgZXoZunI-00558-00132763-00133009 elements of the Crusades were criticized
_STgZXoZunI-00559-00133010-00133201 by some from the time of their inception
_STgZXoZunI-00560-00133202-00133315 in 1095
_STgZXoZunI-00561-00133316-00133570 for example Roger Bacon felt the
_STgZXoZunI-00562-00133571-00133717 Crusades were not effective because
_STgZXoZunI-00563-00133718-00133963 those who survived together with their
_STgZXoZunI-00564-00133964-00134152 children are more and more embittered
_STgZXoZunI-00565-00134153-00134464 against the Christian faith in spite of
_STgZXoZunI-00566-00134465-00134653 such criticism the movement was widely
_STgZXoZunI-00567-00134654-00134857 supported in Europe long after the fall
_STgZXoZunI-00568-00134858-00135289 of acre in 1291
_STgZXoZunI-00569-00135290-00135777 topic background
_STgZXoZunI-00570-00135778-00136155 topic the origins of the Crusades lie in
_STgZXoZunI-00571-00136156-00136347 developments in Western Europe earlier
_STgZXoZunI-00572-00136348-00136521 in the Middle Ages as well as the
_STgZXoZunI-00573-00136522-00136737 deteriorating situation of the Byzantine
_STgZXoZunI-00574-00136738-00136938 Empire in the East caused by a new wave
_STgZXoZunI-00575-00136939-00137232 of Turkish Muslim attacks the breakdown
_STgZXoZunI-00576-00137233-00137424 of the Carolingian Empire in the late
_STgZXoZunI-00577-00137425-00137634 9th century combined with the relative
_STgZXoZunI-00578-00137635-00137865 stabilization of local European borders
_STgZXoZunI-00579-00137866-00138021 after the Christianization of the
_STgZXoZunI-00580-00138022-00138291 Vikings Slavs and Magyars had produced a
_STgZXoZunI-00581-00138292-00138477 large class of armed warriors whose
_STgZXoZunI-00582-00138478-00138648 energies were misplaced fighting one
_STgZXoZunI-00583-00138649-00138780 another and terrorizing the local
_STgZXoZunI-00584-00138781-00139074 populace the church tried to stem this
_STgZXoZunI-00585-00139075-00139269 violence with the peace and truce of God
_STgZXoZunI-00586-00139270-00139479 movements which was somewhat successful
_STgZXoZunI-00587-00139480-00139665 but trained warriors always sought an
_STgZXoZunI-00588-00139666-00139791 outlet for their skills and
_STgZXoZunI-00589-00139792-00139992 opportunities for territorial expansion
_STgZXoZunI-00590-00139993-00140202 were becoming less attractive for large
_STgZXoZunI-00591-00140203-00140583 segments of the nobility in 1063 pope
_STgZXoZunI-00592-00140584-00140823 alexander ii had given his blessing to
_STgZXoZunI-00593-00140824-00141042 iberian christians in their wars against
_STgZXoZunI-00594-00141043-00141231 the muslims granting both a papal
_STgZXoZunI-00595-00141232-00141447 standard the VEX alam sancti Petry and
_STgZXoZunI-00596-00141448-00141618 an indulgence to those who were killed
_STgZXoZunI-00597-00141619-00141828 in battle pleas from the Byzantine
_STgZXoZunI-00598-00141829-00142056 emperors now threatened by the Seljuks
_STgZXoZunI-00599-00142057-00142326 thus fell on ready ears these occurred
_STgZXoZunI-00600-00142327-00142599 in 1074 from emperor michael the seventh
_STgZXoZunI-00601-00142600-00142824 to pope gregory the seventh and in 1095
_STgZXoZunI-00602-00142825-00143079 from emperor alexios the first caminos
_STgZXoZunI-00603-00143080-00143409 to pope urban ii one source identifies
_STgZXoZunI-00604-00143410-00143613 michael the seventh in chinese records
_STgZXoZunI-00605-00143614-00143847 as a ruler of Byzantium fulin who sent
_STgZXoZunI-00606-00143848-00144152 an envoy to Song Dynasty China in 1081 a
_STgZXoZunI-00607-00144153-00144423 Chinese scholar suggests that this and
_STgZXoZunI-00608-00144424-00144666 further Byzantine envoys in 1091 were
_STgZXoZunI-00609-00144667-00144834 pleased for China to aid in the fight
_STgZXoZunI-00610-00144835-00145143 against the Turks the Crusades were in
_STgZXoZunI-00611-00145144-00145365 part an outlet for an intense religious
_STgZXoZunI-00612-00145366-00145563 piety which rose up in the late 11th
_STgZXoZunI-00613-00145564-00145851 century among the lay public a crusader
_STgZXoZunI-00614-00145852-00146034 would after pronouncing a solemn vow
_STgZXoZunI-00615-00146035-00146220 receive a cross from the hands of the
_STgZXoZunI-00616-00146221-00146379 Pope or his legate's and was thence
_STgZXoZunI-00617-00146380-00146627 forth considered a soldier of the church
_STgZXoZunI-00618-00146628-00146853 this was partly because of the
_STgZXoZunI-00619-00146854-00147033 investiture controversy which had
_STgZXoZunI-00620-00147034-00147267 started around 1075 and was still
_STgZXoZunI-00621-00147268-00147549 ongoing during the First Crusade as both
_STgZXoZunI-00622-00147550-00147678 sides of the investiture controversy
_STgZXoZunI-00623-00147679-00147936 tried to marshal public opinion in their
_STgZXoZunI-00624-00147937-00148152 favor people became personally engaged
_STgZXoZunI-00625-00148153-00148449 in a dramatic religious controversy the
_STgZXoZunI-00626-00148450-00148623 result was an awakening of intense
_STgZXoZunI-00627-00148624-00148845 Christian piety and public interest in
_STgZXoZunI-00628-00148846-00149010 religious affairs and was further
_STgZXoZunI-00629-00149011-00149138 strengthened by religious
_STgZXoZunI-00630-00149139-00149366 propaganda which advocated just war in
_STgZXoZunI-00631-00149367-00149549 order to retake the holy land from the
_STgZXoZunI-00632-00149550-00149868 Muslims the holy land included Jerusalem
_STgZXoZunI-00633-00149869-00150026 where the death resurrection and
_STgZXoZunI-00634-00150027-00150215 ascension into heaven of Jesus took
_STgZXoZunI-00635-00150216-00150422 place in Antioch the first Christian
_STgZXoZunI-00636-00150423-00150732 city another factor that contributed to
_STgZXoZunI-00637-00150733-00150941 the change in Western attitudes towards
_STgZXoZunI-00638-00150942-00151545 the East came in 1900 the destruction of
_STgZXoZunI-00639-00151546-00151869 the Church of the Holy Sepulchre in 1039
_STgZXoZunI-00640-00151870-00152118 his successor after requiring large sums
_STgZXoZunI-00641-00152119-00152276 be paid for the right permitted the
_STgZXoZunI-00642-00152277-00152473 Byzantine Empire to rebuild it
_STgZXoZunI-00643-00152474-00152672 pilgrimages were allowed to the holy
_STgZXoZunI-00644-00152673-00152885 lands before and after the Sepulchre was
_STgZXoZunI-00645-00152886-00153081 rebuilt but for a time pilgrims were
_STgZXoZunI-00646-00153082-00153245 captured and some of the clergy were
_STgZXoZunI-00647-00153246-00153531 killed the Muslim conquerors eventually
_STgZXoZunI-00648-00153532-00153716 realized that the wealth of Jerusalem
_STgZXoZunI-00649-00153717-00153863 came from the pilgrims with this
_STgZXoZunI-00650-00153864-00154085 realization the persecution of pilgrims
_STgZXoZunI-00651-00154086-00154356 stopped however the damage was already
_STgZXoZunI-00652-00154357-00154562 done and the violence of the seljuq
_STgZXoZunI-00653-00154563-00154727 turks became part of the concern that
_STgZXoZunI-00654-00154728-00154936 spread the passion for the crusades
_STgZXoZunI-00655-00154937-00155174 while the Reconquista was the most
_STgZXoZunI-00656-00155175-00155402 prominent example of european reactions
_STgZXoZunI-00657-00155403-00155627 against muslim conquests it is not the
_STgZXoZunI-00658-00155628-00155912 only such example the norman adventurer
_STgZXoZunI-00659-00155913-00156166 robert Giscard had conquered Calabria in
_STgZXoZunI-00660-00156167-00156362 10:57 and was holding what had
_STgZXoZunI-00661-00156363-00156524 traditionally been Byzantine territory
_STgZXoZunI-00662-00156525-00156809 against the Muslims of Sicily the
_STgZXoZunI-00663-00156810-00156953 maritime states of Pisa
_STgZXoZunI-00664-00156954-00157182 Genoa and Catalonia were all actively
_STgZXoZunI-00665-00157183-00157415 fighting Islamic strongholds in Majorca
_STgZXoZunI-00666-00157416-00157559 freeing the coasts of Italy and
_STgZXoZunI-00667-00157560-00157865 Catalonia from Muslim raids much earlier
_STgZXoZunI-00668-00157866-00158108 the Christian homelands of Syria Lebanon
_STgZXoZunI-00669-00158109-00158333 Palestine Egypt and so on had been
_STgZXoZunI-00670-00158334-00158612 conquered by Muslim armies this long
_STgZXoZunI-00671-00158613-00158804 history of losing territories to a
_STgZXoZunI-00672-00158805-00159008 religious enemy created a powerful
_STgZXoZunI-00673-00159009-00159203 motive to respond to Byzantine Emperor
_STgZXoZunI-00674-00159204-00159434 Alexius the first call for holy war to
_STgZXoZunI-00675-00159435-00159620 defend Christendom and to recapture the
_STgZXoZunI-00676-00159621-00159914 lost land starting with Jerusalem the
_STgZXoZunI-00677-00159915-00160136 papacy of Pope Gregory the seventh had
_STgZXoZunI-00678-00160137-00160316 struggled with reservations about the
_STgZXoZunI-00679-00160317-00160529 doctrinal validity of a holy war and the
_STgZXoZunI-00680-00160530-00160700 shedding of blood for the Lord and had
_STgZXoZunI-00681-00160701-00160920 with difficulty resolved the question in
_STgZXoZunI-00682-00160921-00161171 favor of justified violence more
_STgZXoZunI-00683-00161172-00161366 importantly to the Pope the Christians
_STgZXoZunI-00684-00161367-00161532 who made pilgrimages to the Holy Land
_STgZXoZunI-00685-00161533-00161837 were being persecuted st. Augustine of
_STgZXoZunI-00686-00161838-00162071 Hippo Gregory's intellectual model had
_STgZXoZunI-00687-00162072-00162239 justified the use of force in the
_STgZXoZunI-00688-00162240-00162452 service of Christ in the City of God and
_STgZXoZunI-00689-00162453-00162516 a Christian
_STgZXoZunI-00690-00162517-00162777 Just War might enhance the wider
_STgZXoZunI-00691-00162778-00162975 standing of an aggressively ambitious
_STgZXoZunI-00692-00162976-00163190 leader of Europe as Gregory saw himself
_STgZXoZunI-00693-00163191-00163434 the northerners would be cemented to
_STgZXoZunI-00694-00163435-00163602 Rome and their troublesome Knights could
_STgZXoZunI-00695-00163603-00163794 see the only kind of action that suited
_STgZXoZunI-00696-00163795-00164046 them previous attempts by the church to
_STgZXoZunI-00697-00164047-00164292 stem such violence such as the concept
_STgZXoZunI-00698-00164293-00164529 of that peace of God were not as
_STgZXoZunI-00699-00164530-00164646 successful as hoped
_STgZXoZunI-00700-00164647-00164847 to the south of Rome Normans were
_STgZXoZunI-00701-00164848-00165027 showing how such energies might be
_STgZXoZunI-00702-00165028-00165243 unleashed against both Arabs in Sicily
_STgZXoZunI-00703-00165244-00165422 and Byzantines on the mainland
_STgZXoZunI-00704-00165423-00165669 Aladin hegemony in the Levant would
_STgZXoZunI-00705-00165670-00165891 provide leverage in resolving the papacy
_STgZXoZunI-00706-00165892-00166119 claims of supremacy over the patriarch
_STgZXoZunI-00707-00166120-00166341 of Constantinople which had resulted in
_STgZXoZunI-00708-00166342-00166590 the Great Schism of 1054 a rift that
_STgZXoZunI-00709-00166591-00166746 might yet be resolved through the force
_STgZXoZunI-00710-00166747-00167025 of Frankish arms in the Byzantine
_STgZXoZunI-00711-00167026-00167301 homelands the eastern Emperor s weakness
_STgZXoZunI-00712-00167302-00167538 was revealed by the disastrous defeat at
_STgZXoZunI-00713-00167539-00167745 the Battle of Mons occurred in 1071
_STgZXoZunI-00714-00167746-00168129 which reduced the Empire s Asian
_STgZXoZunI-00715-00168130-00168291 territory to a region in western
_STgZXoZunI-00716-00168292-00168549 Anatolia and around Constantinople a
_STgZXoZunI-00717-00168550-00168834 sure sign of Byzantine desperation was
_STgZXoZunI-00718-00168835-00169047 the appeal of Alexios the first to his
_STgZXoZunI-00719-00169048-00169332 enemy the Pope 4:8 the Gregory was
_STgZXoZunI-00720-00169333-00169476 occupied with the investiture
_STgZXoZunI-00721-00169477-00169674 controversy and could not call on the
_STgZXoZunI-00722-00169675-00169890 German emperor so a crusade never took
_STgZXoZunI-00723-00169891-00170199 shape for Gregory s more moderate
_STgZXoZunI-00724-00170200-00170427 successor Pope Urban the second a
_STgZXoZunI-00725-00170428-00170601 crusade would serve to reunite
_STgZXoZunI-00726-00170602-00170820 Christendom bolster the papacy and
_STgZXoZunI-00727-00170821-00171050 perhaps bring the east under his control
_STgZXoZunI-00728-00171051-00171360 the disaffected Germans and the Normans
_STgZXoZunI-00729-00171361-00171567 were not to be counted on but the heart
_STgZXoZunI-00730-00171568-00171783 and backbone of a crusade could be found
_STgZXoZunI-00731-00171784-00172089 in urban s own homeland among the
_STgZXoZunI-00732-00172090-00172447 northern French
_STgZXoZunI-00733-00172448-00173179 topic first crusade 1095 to 1099
_STgZXoZunI-00734-00173180-00173590 topic in March 1095 at the council of
_STgZXoZunI-00735-00173591-00173839 Piacenza ambassadors sent by Byzantine
_STgZXoZunI-00736-00173840-00174034 Emperor Alexius the first called for
_STgZXoZunI-00737-00174035-00174223 help with defending his empire against
_STgZXoZunI-00738-00174224-00174518 the Seljuk Turks later that year at the
_STgZXoZunI-00739-00174519-00174772 Council of Clermont pope urban ii called
_STgZXoZunI-00740-00174773-00174946 upon all christians to join a war
_STgZXoZunI-00741-00174947-00175135 against the Turks promising those who
_STgZXoZunI-00742-00175136-00175288 died in the endeavor would receive
_STgZXoZunI-00743-00175289-00175465 immediate remission of their sins the
_STgZXoZunI-00744-00175466-00175645 siege of Antioch took place shortly
_STgZXoZunI-00745-00175646-00175844 before the siege on Jerusalem during the
_STgZXoZunI-00746-00175845-00176140 First Crusade Antioch fell to the Franks
_STgZXoZunI-00747-00176141-00176374 in May 1098 but not before a lengthy
_STgZXoZunI-00748-00176375-00176665 siege the ruler of Antioch was not sure
_STgZXoZunI-00749-00176666-00176824 how the Christians living within his
_STgZXoZunI-00750-00176825-00177007 city would react and he forced them to
_STgZXoZunI-00751-00177008-00177187 live outside the city during the siege
_STgZXoZunI-00752-00177188-00177340 though he promised to protect their
_STgZXoZunI-00753-00177341-00177541 wives and children from harm while Jews
_STgZXoZunI-00754-00177542-00177784 and Muslims fought together the siege
_STgZXoZunI-00755-00177785-00177937 only came to end when the city was
_STgZXoZunI-00756-00177938-00178120 betrayed and the franks entered through
_STgZXoZunI-00757-00178121-00178297 the water gate of the town causing the
_STgZXoZunI-00758-00178298-00178579 leader to flee once inside the city as
_STgZXoZunI-00759-00178580-00178789 with standard military practice at the
_STgZXoZunI-00760-00178790-00178966 time the franks then massacred the
_STgZXoZunI-00761-00178967-00179188 civilians destroyed mosques and pillaged
_STgZXoZunI-00762-00179189-00179464 the city the Crusaders finally marched
_STgZXoZunI-00763-00179465-00179647 to the walls of Jerusalem with only a
_STgZXoZunI-00764-00179648-00180079 fraction of their original forces
_STgZXoZunI-00765-00180080-00180594 topic siege of Jerusalem
_STgZXoZunI-00766-00180595-00180915 topic the Jews and Muslims fought
_STgZXoZunI-00767-00180916-00181119 together to defend Jerusalem against the
_STgZXoZunI-00768-00181120-00181344 invading Franks they were unsuccessful
_STgZXoZunI-00769-00181345-00181662 though and on the 15th of July 1099 the
_STgZXoZunI-00770-00181663-00181935 Crusaders entered the city again they
_STgZXoZunI-00771-00181936-00182112 proceeded to Massacre the remaining
_STgZXoZunI-00772-00182113-00182340 Jewish and Muslim civilians and pillaged
_STgZXoZunI-00773-00182341-00182607 or destroyed mosques in the city one
_STgZXoZunI-00774-00182608-00182844 historian has written that the isolation
_STgZXoZunI-00775-00182845-00183192 alienation and fear felt by the Franks
_STgZXoZunI-00776-00183193-00183384 so far from home helps to explain the
_STgZXoZunI-00777-00183385-00183573 atrocities they committed including the
_STgZXoZunI-00778-00183574-00183771 cannibalism which was recorded after the
_STgZXoZunI-00779-00183772-00184113 siege of Marit in 1098 the Crusaders
_STgZXoZunI-00780-00184114-00184308 also tried to gain control of the city
_STgZXoZunI-00781-00184309-00184515 of Tyre but were defeated by the Muslims
_STgZXoZunI-00782-00184516-00184833 the people of Tyre asked zaheer al Din a
_STgZXoZunI-00783-00184834-00185034 de Becque the leader of Damascus for
_STgZXoZunI-00784-00185035-00185178 help defending their City from the
_STgZXoZunI-00785-00185179-00185331 Franks with the promise to surrender
_STgZXoZunI-00786-00185332-00185553 tyre to him when the Franks were
_STgZXoZunI-00787-00185554-00185748 defeated the people of Tyre did not
_STgZXoZunI-00788-00185749-00185949 surrender the city but zaheer Alden
_STgZXoZunI-00789-00185950-00186132 simply said what I have done I have done
_STgZXoZunI-00790-00186133-00186351 only for the sake of God and the Muslims
_STgZXoZunI-00791-00186352-00186569 nor out of desire for wealth and Kingdom
_STgZXoZunI-00792-00186570-00186834 after gaining control of Jerusalem the
_STgZXoZunI-00793-00186835-00187080 Crusaders created for Crusader States
_STgZXoZunI-00794-00187081-00187296 the Kingdom of Jerusalem the County of
_STgZXoZunI-00795-00187297-00187533 Edessa the Principality of Antioch and
_STgZXoZunI-00796-00187534-00187821 the County of Tripoli initially Muslims
_STgZXoZunI-00797-00187822-00187992 did very little about the Crusader
_STgZXoZunI-00798-00187993-00188292 States due to internal conflicts in the
_STgZXoZunI-00799-00188293-00188544 Kingdom of Jerusalem at most 120
_STgZXoZunI-00800-00188545-00188700 thousand francs predominantly
_STgZXoZunI-00801-00188701-00188907 french-speaking Western Christians ruled
_STgZXoZunI-00802-00188908-00189246 over 350,000 Muslims Jews and native
_STgZXoZunI-00803-00189247-00189595 Eastern Christians
_STgZXoZunI-00804-00189596-00190052 topic aftermath
_STgZXoZunI-00805-00190053-00190403 topic on a popular level the first
_STgZXoZunI-00806-00190404-00190628 Crusades unleashed a wave of impassioned
_STgZXoZunI-00807-00190629-00190835 personally felt pious Christian fury
_STgZXoZunI-00808-00190836-00191012 that was expressed in the massacres of
_STgZXoZunI-00809-00191013-00191198 Jews that accompanied the movement of
_STgZXoZunI-00810-00191199-00191393 the Crusader mobs through Europe as well
_STgZXoZunI-00811-00191394-00191626 as the violent treatment of schismatics
_STgZXoZunI-00812-00191627-00191918 Orthodox Christians of the east during
_STgZXoZunI-00813-00191919-00192116 many of the attacks on Jews local
_STgZXoZunI-00814-00192117-00192308 bishops and Christians made attempts to
_STgZXoZunI-00815-00192309-00192473 protect Jews from the mobs that were
_STgZXoZunI-00816-00192474-00192737 passing through Jews were often offered
_STgZXoZunI-00817-00192738-00192905 sanctuary in churches and other
_STgZXoZunI-00818-00192906-00193374 Christian buildings
_STgZXoZunI-00819-00193375-00193816 topic timeline
_STgZXoZunI-00820-00193817-00194210 topic
_STgZXoZunI-00821-00194211-00194729 topic see also
_STgZXoZunI-00822-00194730-00195121 topic
_STgZXoZunI-00823-00195122-00195632 topic references
_STgZXoZunI-00824-00195633-00196027 topic
_STgZXoZunI-00825-00196028-00196546 topic further reading
_STgZXoZunI-00826-00196547-00196950 topic Esler Philip F the early Christian
_STgZXoZunI-00827-00196951-00197374 world route llege 2004 ISBN oh four one
_STgZXoZunI-00828-00197375-00197736 five three three three one two one white
_STgZXoZunI-00829-00197737-00198003 L Michael from Jesus to Christianity
_STgZXoZunI-00830-00198004-00198504 HarperCollins 2004 ISBN 0:06 oh five two
_STgZXoZunI-00831-00198505-00198900 six five five six Friedman David Noel
_STgZXoZunI-00832-00198901-00199168 Edie eerdmans dictionary of the Bible
_STgZXoZunI-00833-00199169-00199708 WM B eerdmans publishing 2000 ISBN o 802
_STgZXoZunI-00834-00199709-00200218 8 - 400 v telegin Yaroslav Jan the
_STgZXoZunI-00835-00200219-00200422 Christian tradition the emergence of the
_STgZXoZunI-00836-00200423-00200806 Catholic tradition 100 to 600 University
_STgZXoZunI-00837-00200807-00201232 of Chicago Press 1975 ISBN Oh two two
_STgZXoZunI-00838-00201233-00201863 six six five three seven one four
_STgZXoZunI-00839-00201864-00202410 topic external links
_STgZXoZunI-00840-00202411-00202725 topic shafts the seven ecumenical
_STgZXoZunI-00841-00202726-00202998 councils
_TW_vx3rxO8-00000-00000199-00000985 [Music]
_TW_vx3rxO8-00001-00000986-00001605 thank you
_TW_vx3rxO8-00002-00001607-00002429 [Music]
_TW_vx3rxO8-00003-00002430-00002752 baby
_TW_vx3rxO8-00004-00002753-00003017 [Music]
_TW_vx3rxO8-00005-00003018-00003299 leaving me Windy Way
_TW_vx3rxO8-00006-00003300-00003515 some kind of butterfly
_TW_vx3rxO8-00007-00003517-00003653 [Music]
_TW_vx3rxO8-00008-00003654-00004101 baby
_TW_vx3rxO8-00010-00007776-00008098 you're giving me Wind and Rain
_TW_vx3rxO8-00011-00008100-00008428 there's some kind of butterfly
_TW_vx3rxO8-00012-00008429-00008874 baby
_TW_vx3rxO8-00013-00008875-00010756 [Music]
_TW_vx3rxO8-00014-00010757-00011074 oh
_TW_vx3rxO8-00015-00011075-00012001 but I don't wanna miss you baby
_TW_vx3rxO8-00016-00012002-00014425 [Music]
_TW_vx3rxO8-00017-00014426-00014975 maybe you'll give me five
_TW_vx3rxO8-00018-00014976-00015635 fly
_TW_vx3rxO8-00019-00015636-00016047 baby
_TW_vx3rxO8-00020-00016047-00018029 [Music]
_TW_vx3rxO8-00021-00018030-00018400 baby you'll get me
_TW_vx3rxO8-00022-00018401-00018899 [Music]
_TW_vx3rxO8-00023-00018900-00019230 don't leave me
_TW_vx3rxO8-00024-00019231-00019482 [Music]
_TW_vx3rxO8-00025-00019483-00019520 [Applause]
_TW_vx3rxO8-00026-00019521-00020963 [Music]
_TW_vx3rxO8-00027-00020964-00021304 oh
_TW_vx3rxO8-00028-00021305-00021539 [Music]
_TW_vx3rxO8-00031-00027966-00028218 foreign
_TW_vx3rxO8-00033-00031739-00032006 foreign
_Ulflwk8b1g-00000-00000524-00001391 [Music]
_Ulflwk8b1g-00001-00001392-00001639 everyone my name is and i'm the local
_Ulflwk8b1g-00002-00001639-00001710 mussoli
_Ulflwk8b1g-00003-00001711-00002063 of al-hidayah basid in tune tonight
_Ulflwk8b1g-00004-00002064-00002375 and i've been a
_Ulflwk8b1g-00005-00002376-00002599 regular muslim since the most it started
_Ulflwk8b1g-00006-00002600-00002718 around three years ago
_Ulflwk8b1g-00007-00002719-00002879 all the committee members are doing an
_Ulflwk8b1g-00008-00002880-00003079 amazing job to make sure
_Ulflwk8b1g-00009-00003080-00003303 all the muslims are very comfortable and
_Ulflwk8b1g-00010-00003304-00003503 doing their regular prayers the jummah
_Ulflwk8b1g-00011-00003504-00003599 prayers
_Ulflwk8b1g-00012-00003600-00003759 and especially in the month of ramadan
_Ulflwk8b1g-00013-00003760-00003943 they invite the sheikhs from all over
_Ulflwk8b1g-00014-00003944-00004031 the world
_Ulflwk8b1g-00015-00004032-00004286 they conduct nice good events for all
_Ulflwk8b1g-00016-00004287-00004454 the uh masalis
_Ulflwk8b1g-00017-00004455-00004743 and my appeal to all over uk or the
_Ulflwk8b1g-00018-00004744-00004831 world
_Ulflwk8b1g-00019-00004832-00005118 that let's clear the debt of this masjid
_Ulflwk8b1g-00020-00005119-00005231 let's work together
_Ulflwk8b1g-00021-00005232-00005527 along with all the committee members and
_Ulflwk8b1g-00022-00005528-00005702 inshallah clear the debts and thank you
_Ulflwk8b1g-00023-00005703-00005879 so much
_Ulflwk8b1g-00024-00005880-00006086 and i wish all the best to all the
_Ulflwk8b1g-00025-00006087-00007539 members of the masjid assalamualaikum
_Ulflwk8b1g-00026-00007540-00007840 one
_YUnhLf1rLM-00000-00000042-00000802 fight down mid last player standing
_YUnhLf1rLM-00001-00000803-00001324 here
_YUnhLf1rLM-00002-00001325-00002032 Spike planted
_YUnhLf1rLM-00003-00002034-00004427 okay number eight okay
_YUnhLf1rLM-00004-00004428-00005672 foreign
_YUnhLf1rLM-00005-00005673-00005979 [Music]
_Z-i5AmJ9Wg-00001-00007528-00009271 uh
_Z-i5AmJ9Wg-00002-00009272-00012124 so
_Z-i5AmJ9Wg-00003-00012125-00014038 [Music]
_Z-i5AmJ9Wg-00004-00014038-00014743 [Music]
_Z-i5AmJ9Wg-00005-00014744-00015315 so
_Z-i5AmJ9Wg-00006-00015316-00016150 [Music]
_Z-i5AmJ9Wg-00007-00016151-00016336 do
_Z-i5AmJ9Wg-00009-00020384-00020618 ah
_Z-i5AmJ9Wg-00010-00020619-00021743 [Music]
_Z-i5AmJ9Wg-00011-00021744-00022090 do
_Z-i5AmJ9Wg-00012-00022091-00022932 [Music]
_Z-i5AmJ9Wg-00013-00022933-00023474 [Music]
_Z-i5AmJ9Wg-00014-00023475-00023799 [Applause]
_Z-i5AmJ9Wg-00015-00023800-00024035 uh
_Z-i5AmJ9Wg-00017-00028039-00028537 be
_Z-i5AmJ9Wg-00018-00028538-00029605 [Music]
_Z-i5AmJ9Wg-00019-00029606-00029999 [Music]
_Z-i5AmJ9Wg-00020-00030000-00030280 foreign
_Z-i5AmJ9Wg-00021-00030281-00031073 [Music]
_Z-i5AmJ9Wg-00022-00031074-00031758 [Music]
_Z-i5AmJ9Wg-00023-00031760-00032627 mom
_Z-i5AmJ9Wg-00024-00032629-00033157 [Applause]
_Z-i5AmJ9Wg-00026-00036191-00036443 foreign
_Z-i5AmJ9Wg-00027-00036444-00036662 [Music]
_Z-i5AmJ9Wg-00028-00036663-00037113 me
_Z-i5AmJ9Wg-00029-00037114-00038255 [Music]
_Z-i5AmJ9Wg-00030-00038256-00038378 ah
_Z-i5AmJ9Wg-00031-00038379-00039314 [Music]
_Z-i5AmJ9Wg-00032-00039315-00039718 [Music]
_Z-i5AmJ9Wg-00033-00039719-00039841 my
_Z-i5AmJ9Wg-00034-00039842-00042695 [Music]
_Z-i5AmJ9Wg-00035-00042696-00043338 so
_Z-i5AmJ9Wg-00036-00043339-00045216 [Music]
_Z-i5AmJ9Wg-00037-00045217-00047302 [Music]
_Z-i5AmJ9Wg-00038-00047303-00047512 you
_ZUh6uhq7n8-00000-00000008-00000231 okay i've decided i went brown mascara
_ZUh6uhq7n8-00001-00000231-00000471 so i want to give myself a little bit of
_ZUh6uhq7n8-00002-00000472-00000703 a brown liner what is this dark spot
_ZUh6uhq7n8-00003-00000704-00000886 there what the hell is that just a
_ZUh6uhq7n8-00004-00000888-00001095 permanent wrinkle every day i find
_ZUh6uhq7n8-00005-00001096-00001358 something new that is falling apart damn
_ZUh6uhq7n8-00006-00001359-00001574 it you always see me using eyeshadows
_ZUh6uhq7n8-00007-00001575-00001775 and not pencils so i wanted to give it a
_ZUh6uhq7n8-00008-00001776-00001991 try now this drives me crazy make sure
_ZUh6uhq7n8-00009-00001992-00002215 when you do your eyeliner that you don't
_ZUh6uhq7n8-00010-00002216-00002487 see a space of skin do you see it
_ZUh6uhq7n8-00011-00002488-00002734 right there i'm hoping that you can see
_ZUh6uhq7n8-00012-00002735-00002950 that i know this looks crazy but i'm
_ZUh6uhq7n8-00013-00002951-00003175 going to go in from underneath
_ZUh6uhq7n8-00014-00003176-00003486 and wiggle through the lashes
_ZUh6uhq7n8-00015-00003488-00003622 to make sure
_ZUh6uhq7n8-00016-00003623-00003919 that you don't see any skin between that
_ZUh6uhq7n8-00017-00003920-00004015 line
_ZUh6uhq7n8-00018-00004015-00004095 see
_ZUh6uhq7n8-00019-00004096-00004295 so much better so now that's seamless
_ZUh6uhq7n8-00020-00004296-00004486 and there's no distraction now i'm gonna
_ZUh6uhq7n8-00021-00004487-00004638 take my smudge brush
_ZUh6uhq7n8-00022-00004639-00004895 and i'm gonna go over that line
_ZUh6uhq7n8-00023-00004896-00005111 and smudge it out for those of you that
_ZUh6uhq7n8-00024-00005112-00005367 maybe have more of a hood that you know
_ZUh6uhq7n8-00025-00005368-00005575 it sits down on top of that liner make
_ZUh6uhq7n8-00026-00005576-00005743 sure to set it with a powdered eyeshadow
_ZUh6uhq7n8-00027-00005744-00005927 similar to the color that you're using
_ZUh6uhq7n8-00028-00005928-00006086 to keep it in place because this is
_ZUh6uhq7n8-00029-00006087-00006327 creamy and if you can imagine your skin
_ZUh6uhq7n8-00030-00006328-00006495 kind of hanging over or touching when
_ZUh6uhq7n8-00031-00006495-00006663 you look straight forward or when you're
_ZUh6uhq7n8-00032-00006664-00006846 looking up if your skin is touching your
_ZUh6uhq7n8-00033-00006847-00007070 eyeliner it's going to transfer i got a
_ZUh6uhq7n8-00034-00007072-00007287 little bit in here but you know what
_ZUh6uhq7n8-00035-00007288-00007446 works for that
_ZUh6uhq7n8-00036-00007447-00007678 your own spit i know it's gross but it
_ZUh6uhq7n8-00037-00007679-00007855 got it off i think most people have a
_ZUh6uhq7n8-00038-00007856-00008063 brown eyeshadow i feel like this
_ZUh6uhq7n8-00039-00008064-00008263 eyeliner is similar to this color so i'm
_ZUh6uhq7n8-00040-00008264-00008407 going to take a little bit of that
_ZUh6uhq7n8-00041-00008408-00008703 eyeshadow and blend over top
_ZUh6uhq7n8-00042-00008704-00008855 yeah that seems to be working it's not
_ZUh6uhq7n8-00043-00008856-00009046 changing the color of my liner what do
_ZUh6uhq7n8-00044-00009047-00009271 we think
_ZUh6uhq7n8-00045-00009272-00009446 i think that looks pretty see if i can
_ZUh6uhq7n8-00046-00009447-00009646 get this even on the other side wish me
_ZUh6uhq7n8-00047-00009647-00009846 luck if you have a hard time doing your
_ZUh6uhq7n8-00048-00009847-00010119 left eye i'm right-handed so i may look
_ZUh6uhq7n8-00049-00010120-00010303 left to you i'm not sure so for me to
_ZUh6uhq7n8-00050-00010304-00010567 glide the liner this way it's just a
_ZUh6uhq7n8-00051-00010568-00010671 natural
_ZUh6uhq7n8-00052-00010672-00010887 flow it's not that way on this side it's
_ZUh6uhq7n8-00053-00010888-00011071 very awkward so i'm not sure if anyone
_ZUh6uhq7n8-00054-00011072-00011335 else does this but i'll put the liner in
_ZUh6uhq7n8-00055-00011336-00011527 between my two fingers
_ZUh6uhq7n8-00056-00011528-00011614 and
_ZUh6uhq7n8-00057-00011615-00011831 have it go this way and i'm gonna rest
_ZUh6uhq7n8-00058-00011832-00012119 my pinky finger here and glide if you
_ZUh6uhq7n8-00059-00012120-00012263 don't need to rest your pinky finger
_ZUh6uhq7n8-00060-00012264-00012503 that's fine i'm also resting my right
_ZUh6uhq7n8-00061-00012504-00012783 arm on my left arm or on a counter so
_ZUh6uhq7n8-00062-00012784-00013007 right now i'm steadying my right arm
_ZUh6uhq7n8-00063-00013008-00013199 with my left arm and i just do baby
_ZUh6uhq7n8-00064-00013200-00013375 strokes in here because i don't want it
_ZUh6uhq7n8-00065-00013376-00013551 really thick in there i want the
_ZUh6uhq7n8-00066-00013552-00013751 thickness to be on the outer corner if
_ZUh6uhq7n8-00067-00013752-00013903 you don't want this winged liner you
_ZUh6uhq7n8-00068-00013904-00014103 could stop it right at the edge of your
_ZUh6uhq7n8-00069-00014104-00014391 lashes i have seen people who don't take
_ZUh6uhq7n8-00070-00014391-00014583 it out far enough and what that does is
_ZUh6uhq7n8-00071-00014584-00014783 shorten your eyes so make sure that you
_ZUh6uhq7n8-00072-00014784-00015007 drag your eyeliner at least to the outer
_ZUh6uhq7n8-00073-00015008-00015199 lash and extend it if you'd like to
_ZUh6uhq7n8-00074-00015200-00015350 extend it like i did on this side but
_ZUh6uhq7n8-00075-00015351-00015550 you don't have to because it's creamy i
_ZUh6uhq7n8-00076-00015551-00015791 can work with it this eye is definitely
_ZUh6uhq7n8-00077-00015791-00016022 thicker so i can go thicker on this side
_ZUh6uhq7n8-00078-00016023-00016230 and now looking straight ahead it's hard
_ZUh6uhq7n8-00079-00016231-00016447 to do in my camera i'm gonna have a
_ZUh6uhq7n8-00080-00016448-00016703 little mark there of where i'm gonna
_ZUh6uhq7n8-00081-00016704-00016911 direct that line i'm just touching it
_ZUh6uhq7n8-00082-00016912-00017111 right now i didn't make a strong line
_ZUh6uhq7n8-00083-00017112-00017463 because i can then take my brush and
_ZUh6uhq7n8-00084-00017464-00017703 swoop it and blend it i'm having a good
_ZUh6uhq7n8-00085-00017704-00017927 makeup day i feel like i did a good job
_ZUh6uhq7n8-00086-00017928-00018239 so again i'm going to set it with my elf
_ZUh6uhq7n8-00087-00018240-00018455 powder whatever is in your collection
_ZUh6uhq7n8-00088-00018456-00018663 will work needs a little bit more work
_ZUh6uhq7n8-00089-00018664-00018886 over here there that's starting to look
_ZUh6uhq7n8-00090-00018887-00019143 better i'm doing this without eye shadow
_ZUh6uhq7n8-00091-00019144-00019375 which is nice for this kind of look
_ZUh6uhq7n8-00092-00019376-00019647 because i can go in with my q-tip and
_ZUh6uhq7n8-00093-00019648-00019830 clean it up look at the difference of
_ZUh6uhq7n8-00094-00019831-00020063 what a cream-colored liner does just
_ZUh6uhq7n8-00095-00020064-00020279 pops the eye wide open and makes it look
_ZUh6uhq7n8-00096-00020280-00020430 cleaner it's different right compared to
_ZUh6uhq7n8-00097-00020431-00020599 what i normally do i quite like it i
_ZUh6uhq7n8-00098-00020600-00020750 think it looks pretty let me know what
_ZUh6uhq7n8-00099-00020751-00020903 you guys think if you have any questions
_ZUh6uhq7n8-00100-00020904-00021063 leave them in the comments and i will
_ZUh6uhq7n8-00101-00021064-00021384 see you later bye
_aBBV8UlG60-00000-00000048-00000472 foreign
_aBBV8UlG60-00001-00000473-00001491 [Music]
_aBBV8UlG60-00003-00005359-00007684 [Music]
_aBBV8UlG60-00004-00007686-00008013 foreign
_aBBV8UlG60-00006-00012009-00012724 [Music]
_aBBV8UlG60-00008-00016308-00017393 foreign
_aBBV8UlG60-00009-00017394-00019139 [Music]
_aBBV8UlG60-00010-00019140-00021029 foreign
_aBBV8UlG60-00012-00025264-00026033 [Music]
_aBBV8UlG60-00013-00026033-00027623 um
_aBBV8UlG60-00014-00027624-00029849 Direction
_aBBV8UlG60-00015-00029850-00030792 foreign
_aBBV8UlG60-00017-00037700-00038024 foreign foreign
_eyvJbcoTOI-00000-00000040-00000471 [Music]
_eyvJbcoTOI-00001-00000472-00000526 hi
_eyvJbcoTOI-00002-00000527-00000790 i'm ryan and i'm a yo 2020 intern at the
_eyvJbcoTOI-00003-00000791-00001015 san francisco public library
_eyvJbcoTOI-00004-00001016-00001207 today's stem project will be about
_eyvJbcoTOI-00005-00001208-00001478 baking soda and vinegar reactions
_eyvJbcoTOI-00006-00001479-00001879 this project will require baking soda
_eyvJbcoTOI-00007-00001880-00002334 vinegar and a clear plastic bottle
_eyvJbcoTOI-00008-00002335-00002510 some optional materials are food
_eyvJbcoTOI-00009-00002511-00002679 coloring and glitter
_eyvJbcoTOI-00010-00002680-00002895 also make sure you have an open space
_eyvJbcoTOI-00011-00002896-00003047 and the experiment is best to do
_eyvJbcoTOI-00012-00003048-00003631 outdoors now let's head outside
_eyvJbcoTOI-00013-00003632-00003847 first pour some baking soda into the
_eyvJbcoTOI-00014-00003847-00004022 bottle at this point
_eyvJbcoTOI-00015-00004023-00004215 you could add glitter and food coloring
_eyvJbcoTOI-00016-00004216-00004327 but this is optional
_eyvJbcoTOI-00017-00004328-00004502 and i personally did not add these
_eyvJbcoTOI-00018-00004503-00004711 things as you can see
_eyvJbcoTOI-00019-00004712-00004895 i spilled some baking soda so try your
_eyvJbcoTOI-00021-00008484-00009043 so
_eyvJbcoTOI-00022-00009044-00009527 [Music]
_eyvJbcoTOI-00023-00009528-00009742 for the next step pour vinegar into the
_eyvJbcoTOI-00024-00009743-00009959 bottle and watch the reaction
_eyvJbcoTOI-00025-00009960-00010095 you could have different proportions
_eyvJbcoTOI-00026-00010096-00010278 which will cause different reactions
_eyvJbcoTOI-00027-00010279-00010471 the more vinegar you add the more it
_eyvJbcoTOI-00028-00010472-00012374 will fizz
_eyvJbcoTOI-00029-00012375-00012551 now let's get into the science behind
_eyvJbcoTOI-00030-00012552-00012735 why this is happening
_eyvJbcoTOI-00031-00012736-00012951 vinegar and baking soda are both made up
_eyvJbcoTOI-00032-00012952-00013135 of elements which are then made up of
_eyvJbcoTOI-00033-00013136-00013247 atoms
_eyvJbcoTOI-00034-00013247-00013566 examples of elements are oxygen hydrogen
_eyvJbcoTOI-00035-00013568-00013815 iron and so many more and the periodic
_eyvJbcoTOI-00036-00013816-00014071 table is full of elements
_eyvJbcoTOI-00037-00014072-00014271 baking soda is made up of one sodium
_eyvJbcoTOI-00038-00014272-00014463 atom one hydrogen atom
_eyvJbcoTOI-00039-00014463-00014830 one carbon atom and three oxygen atoms
_eyvJbcoTOI-00040-00014831-00015071 it is also known as sodium bicarbonate
_eyvJbcoTOI-00041-00015072-00015215 and its chemical formula
_eyvJbcoTOI-00042-00015216-00015630 is nhco3 vinegar is made up of
_eyvJbcoTOI-00043-00015631-00015903 acetic acid and water acetic acid is
_eyvJbcoTOI-00044-00015904-00016094 made up of four hydrogen atoms
_eyvJbcoTOI-00045-00016095-00016415 two oxygen atoms and two carbon atoms
_eyvJbcoTOI-00046-00016416-00016879 the chemical formula is ch3cooh
_eyvJbcoTOI-00047-00016880-00017150 why does it react this way this happens
_eyvJbcoTOI-00048-00017151-00017350 because vinegar is acid and the baking
_eyvJbcoTOI-00049-00017351-00017527 soda is a base
_eyvJbcoTOI-00050-00017528-00017783 first hydrogen ions in the vinegar react
_eyvJbcoTOI-00051-00017784-00017983 with the sodium and bicarbonate
_eyvJbcoTOI-00052-00017984-00018327 ions in the baking soda this results in
_eyvJbcoTOI-00053-00018328-00018471 two new chemicals called
_eyvJbcoTOI-00054-00018472-00018783 carbonic acid and sodium acetate the
_eyvJbcoTOI-00055-00018784-00018967 second reaction is decomposition
_eyvJbcoTOI-00056-00018968-00019079 reaction
_eyvJbcoTOI-00057-00019080-00019286 the newly created carbonic acid starts
_eyvJbcoTOI-00058-00019287-00019511 decomposing into both water and carbon
_eyvJbcoTOI-00059-00019512-00019799 dioxide gas
_eyvJbcoTOI-00060-00019800-00020063 i hope you enjoyed this episode of stem
_eyvJbcoTOI-00061-00020064-00020214 challenge yourself
_eyvJbcoTOI-00062-00020215-00020367 be sure to check out the rest of the
_eyvJbcoTOI-00063-00020368-00020558 stem challenge yourself videos by the
_eyvJbcoTOI-00064-00020559-00021083 sfp librarians and the yale interns
_eyvJbcoTOI-00065-00021084-00021535 bye
_eyvJbcoTOI-00066-00021536-00021744 you
_ft1Gt3u3LU-00001-00064103-00064309 you
_iSCjWV7jiE-00000-00000298-00001764 [Music]
_iSCjWV7jiE-00001-00001764-00001911 [Music]
_iSCjWV7jiE-00002-00001912-00004283 [Applause]
_iSCjWV7jiE-00003-00004284-00004591 down
_iSCjWV7jiE-00004-00004592-00006456 come on
_iSCjWV7jiE-00005-00006458-00008483 [Music]
_iSCjWV7jiE-00006-00008484-00009031 ah
_iSCjWV7jiE-00007-00009032-00009883 [Music]
_iSCjWV7jiE-00008-00009884-00010098 oh
_iSCjWV7jiE-00009-00010099-00011603 [Music]
_iSCjWV7jiE-00010-00011604-00013399 [Music]
_iSCjWV7jiE-00011-00013400-00014896 [Music]
_iSCjWV7jiE-00012-00014897-00015483 [Music]
_iSCjWV7jiE-00013-00015484-00016065 know
_iSCjWV7jiE-00014-00016066-00016883 [Music]
_iSCjWV7jiE-00015-00016884-00017807 um
_iSCjWV7jiE-00016-00017808-00018311 tv
_iSCjWV7jiE-00017-00018312-00019365 tv
_iSCjWV7jiE-00018-00019366-00019893 [Music]
_iSCjWV7jiE-00019-00019894-00020622 [Music]
_iSCjWV7jiE-00020-00020623-00020895 tv
_nq5NF-mhRk-00000-00000053-00000301 the Richard be Russell National School
_nq5NF-mhRk-00001-00000302-00000844 Lunch Act 79 PL 396 60 stat 230 is a
_nq5NF-mhRk-00002-00000844-00001069 United States federal law that created
_nq5NF-mhRk-00003-00001070-00001264 the National School Lunch Program and
_nq5NF-mhRk-00004-00001265-00001540 SLP to provide low-cost or free school
_nq5NF-mhRk-00005-00001541-00001726 lunch meals to qualified students
_nq5NF-mhRk-00006-00001727-00002001 through subsidies to schools the program
_nq5NF-mhRk-00007-00002002-00002215 was established as a way to prop up food
_nq5NF-mhRk-00008-00002216-00002460 prices by absorbing farm surpluses while
_nq5NF-mhRk-00009-00002461-00002625 at the same time providing food to
_nq5NF-mhRk-00010-00002626-00002887 school-aged children it was named after
_nq5NF-mhRk-00011-00002888-00003115 Richard Russell jr. signed into law by
_nq5NF-mhRk-00012-00003116-00003445 President Harry s Truman in 1946 and
_nq5NF-mhRk-00013-00003446-00003592 entered the federal government into
_nq5NF-mhRk-00014-00003593-00003845 schools dietary programs on June 4th
_nq5NF-mhRk-00015-00003846-00004099 1946 the majority of the support
_nq5NF-mhRk-00016-00004100-00004311 provided to schools participating in the
_nq5NF-mhRk-00017-00004312-00004488 program comes in the form of a cash
_nq5NF-mhRk-00018-00004489-00004683 reimbursement for each meal served
_nq5NF-mhRk-00019-00004684-00004929 schools are also entitled to receive
_nq5NF-mhRk-00020-00004930-00005095 commodity foods and additional
_nq5NF-mhRk-00021-00005096-00005268 commodities as they are available from
_nq5NF-mhRk-00022-00005269-00005586 surplus agricultural stocks the National
_nq5NF-mhRk-00023-00005587-00005802 School Lunch Program serves thirty point
_nq5NF-mhRk-00024-00005803-00006016 five million children each day at a cost
_nq5NF-mhRk-00025-00006017-00006229 of eight point seven billion dollars for
_nq5NF-mhRk-00026-00006230-00006573 fiscal year 2007 most participants are
_nq5NF-mhRk-00027-00006575-00006756 also eligible for food during the summer
_nq5NF-mhRk-00028-00006758-00007475 through the Summer Food Service Program
_nq5NF-mhRk-00029-00007476-00008170 topic early programs school feeding in
_nq5NF-mhRk-00030-00008172-00008357 the United States underwent the same
_nq5NF-mhRk-00031-00008358-00008555 evolution as in Europe beginning with
_nq5NF-mhRk-00032-00008556-00008774 sporadic food services undertaken by
_nq5NF-mhRk-00033-00008775-00008947 private societies and associations
_nq5NF-mhRk-00034-00008948-00009143 interested in child welfare and
_nq5NF-mhRk-00035-00009144-00009443 education the Children's Aid Society of
_nq5NF-mhRk-00036-00009444-00009725 New York initiated a program in 1853
_nq5NF-mhRk-00037-00009726-00009953 serving meals to students attending the
_nq5NF-mhRk-00038-00009954-00010526 vocational school
_nq5NF-mhRk-00039-00010527-00011039 topic Philadelphia
_nq5NF-mhRk-00040-00011040-00011393 in 1894 the star Center Association in
_nq5NF-mhRk-00041-00011394-00011618 Philadelphia began serving penny lunches
_nq5NF-mhRk-00042-00011619-00011810 in one school later expanding the
_nq5NF-mhRk-00043-00011811-00012041 service to another soon a lunch
_nq5NF-mhRk-00044-00012042-00012200 committee was established within the
_nq5NF-mhRk-00045-00012201-00012392 home and school League and lunches were
_nq5NF-mhRk-00046-00012393-00012608 extended to include nine schools in the
_nq5NF-mhRk-00047-00012609-00012776 city in 1909
_nq5NF-mhRk-00048-00012777-00012944 dr. Cheeseman a Herrick who was
_nq5NF-mhRk-00049-00012944-00013106 principal of the William Penn High
_nq5NF-mhRk-00050-00013107-00013268 School for Girls was credited with
_nq5NF-mhRk-00051-00013269-00013421 accomplishing the transfer of
_nq5NF-mhRk-00052-00013422-00013613 responsibilities for operation and
_nq5NF-mhRk-00053-00013613-00013778 support of the lunch program from
_nq5NF-mhRk-00054-00013779-00013937 charitable organizations to the
_nq5NF-mhRk-00055-00013938-00014216 Philadelphia School Board he requested
_nq5NF-mhRk-00056-00014216-00014402 that a system be established to assure
_nq5NF-mhRk-00057-00014403-00014552 that the lunches served would be based
_nq5NF-mhRk-00058-00014553-00014777 upon sound principles of nutrition and
_nq5NF-mhRk-00059-00014778-00014954 required that the program be under the
_nq5NF-mhRk-00060-00014955-00015161 direction of a Home Economics graduate
_nq5NF-mhRk-00061-00015162-00015413 the Board granted his request on an
_nq5NF-mhRk-00062-00015413-00015626 experimental basis and on the condition
_nq5NF-mhRk-00063-00015627-00015719 that the program would be
_nq5NF-mhRk-00064-00015719-00015991 self-supporting the experiment proved
_nq5NF-mhRk-00065-00015993-00016193 successful and the following year lunch
_nq5NF-mhRk-00066-00016194-00016382 services were extended to the southern
_nq5NF-mhRk-00067-00016383-00016577 manual training school and later to
_nq5NF-mhRk-00068-00016578-00016769 three additional units in the spring of
_nq5NF-mhRk-00069-00016770-00017006 1912 the school board established a
_nq5NF-mhRk-00070-00017007-00017189 department of high school lunches and
_nq5NF-mhRk-00071-00017190-00017351 directed that the food services be
_nq5NF-mhRk-00072-00017352-00017537 inaugurated in all the high schools of
_nq5NF-mhRk-00073-00017538-00017794 the city during all this time the home
_nq5NF-mhRk-00074-00017795-00017957 and school League had continued
_nq5NF-mhRk-00075-00017958-00018143 operating the feeding program in the
_nq5NF-mhRk-00076-00018144-00018347 nine elementary schools and continued to
_nq5NF-mhRk-00077-00018348-00018635 do so until May 1915 when it reported to
_nq5NF-mhRk-00078-00018636-00018769 the board that the need for a lunch
_nq5NF-mhRk-00079-00018770-00018986 system had been clearly demonstrated and
_nq5NF-mhRk-00080-00018987-00019133 that it could not be successfully
_nq5NF-mhRk-00081-00019134-00019343 operated by an organization outside the
_nq5NF-mhRk-00082-00019344-00019594 school system as a result the school
_nq5NF-mhRk-00083-00019595-00019808 board placed the operation of both high
_nq5NF-mhRk-00084-00019809-00020003 school and elementary lunch programs
_nq5NF-mhRk-00085-00020004-00020194 under the supervision of the Department
_nq5NF-mhRk-00086-00020195-00020366 of high school lunches and authorized
_nq5NF-mhRk-00087-00020367-00020537 the extension of the program to other
_nq5NF-mhRk-00088-00020538-00021130 elementary schools
_nq5NF-mhRk-00089-00021131-00021613 topic Boston
_nq5NF-mhRk-00090-00021614-00021874 in September 1908 the women's
_nq5NF-mhRk-00091-00021875-00022087 educational and industrial Union in
_nq5NF-mhRk-00092-00022088-00022312 Boston begun to supply hot lunches to
_nq5NF-mhRk-00093-00022313-00022444 high schools which were under the
_nq5NF-mhRk-00094-00022445-00022618 supervision of the Boston School
_nq5NF-mhRk-00095-00022619-00022828 Committee a central kitchen system was
_nq5NF-mhRk-00096-00022829-00023041 used and lunches were transported to the
_nq5NF-mhRk-00097-00023042-00023341 participating schools in January 1910 an
_nq5NF-mhRk-00098-00023342-00023539 experimental program for elementary
_nq5NF-mhRk-00099-00023540-00023704 schools took the form of a mid-morning
_nq5NF-mhRk-00100-00023705-00023899 lunch prepared by the class in home
_nq5NF-mhRk-00101-00023900-00024187 economics three days each week on two
_nq5NF-mhRk-00102-00024188-00024369 days of each week sandwiches and milk
_nq5NF-mhRk-00103-00024370-00024594 were served the children ate their meals
_nq5NF-mhRk-00104-00024595-00024775 at their desks there being no lunchroom
_nq5NF-mhRk-00105-00024776-00025012 in the building before the end of the
_nq5NF-mhRk-00106-00025013-00025282 school year 1909 ten five additional
_nq5NF-mhRk-00107-00025283-00025432 schools were benefitting from the
_nq5NF-mhRk-00108-00025433-00025687 program and a total of 2,000 pupils were
_nq5NF-mhRk-00109-00025688-00025869 being served each day according to a
_nq5NF-mhRk-00110-00025870-00026094 report submitted by ellen h richards in
_nq5NF-mhRk-00111-00026095-00026380 the journal of home economics for
_nq5NF-mhRk-00112-00026381-00026962 December 1910
_nq5NF-mhRk-00113-00026963-00027508 topic early supports
_nq5NF-mhRk-00114-00027510-00027851 you
_nq5NF-mhRk-00115-00027852-00028394 topic early federal aid
_nq5NF-mhRk-00116-00028395-00028625 as the scope of the meal supply expanded
_nq5NF-mhRk-00117-00028626-00028852 local governments and school district
_nq5NF-mhRk-00118-00028854-00029000 boards could not provide the funds
_nq5NF-mhRk-00119-00029001-00029260 necessary to carry the increasing load
_nq5NF-mhRk-00120-00029261-00029462 supplementary contributions by
_nq5NF-mhRk-00121-00029463-00029689 charitable organizations and individuals
_nq5NF-mhRk-00122-00029691-00029957 did not suffice aid from federal sources
_nq5NF-mhRk-00123-00029958-00030086 became inevitable
_nq5NF-mhRk-00124-00030087-00030289 the earliest federal aid came from the
_nq5NF-mhRk-00125-00030291-00030497 reconstruction Finance Corporation in
_nq5NF-mhRk-00126-00030498-00030839 1932 in 1933 when it granted loans to
_nq5NF-mhRk-00127-00030839-00031022 several towns in southwestern Missouri
_nq5NF-mhRk-00128-00031023-00031250 to cover the cost of labor employed in
_nq5NF-mhRk-00129-00031251-00031444 preparing and serving school lunches
_nq5NF-mhRk-00130-00031445-00031733 such federal assistance was expanded to
_nq5NF-mhRk-00131-00031733-00032095 other areas in 1933 in 1934 under the
_nq5NF-mhRk-00132-00032097-00032243 operations of the Civil Works
_nq5NF-mhRk-00133-00032244-00032438 Administration and the Federal Emergency
_nq5NF-mhRk-00134-00032439-00032695 Relief Administration reaching into 39
_nq5NF-mhRk-00135-00032697-00032894 states and covering the employment of
_nq5NF-mhRk-00136-00032895-00033071 seven thousand four hundred forty two
_nq5NF-mhRk-00137-00033072-00033606 women
_nq5NF-mhRk-00138-00033607-00034212 topic commodity donation program
_nq5NF-mhRk-00139-00034213-00034473 the Depression of the 1930s brought on
_nq5NF-mhRk-00140-00034474-00034686 widespread unemployment much of the
_nq5NF-mhRk-00141-00034687-00034872 production of the farm went begging for
_nq5NF-mhRk-00142-00034873-00035094 a market surpluses of farm products
_nq5NF-mhRk-00143-00035095-00035268 continued to mount prices of farm
_nq5NF-mhRk-00144-00035269-00035478 products declined to a point where farm
_nq5NF-mhRk-00145-00035479-00035631 income provided only a meager
_nq5NF-mhRk-00146-00035632-00035880 subsistence millions of schoolchildren
_nq5NF-mhRk-00147-00035881-00036069 were unable to pay for their school
_nq5NF-mhRk-00148-00036070-00036288 lunches and with but limited family
_nq5NF-mhRk-00149-00036289-00036507 resources to provide meals at home the
_nq5NF-mhRk-00150-00036508-00036702 danger of malnutrition among children
_nq5NF-mhRk-00151-00036703-00037035 became a national concern public law 320
_nq5NF-mhRk-00152-00037036-00037281 passed by the 74th Congress and approved
_nq5NF-mhRk-00153-00037282-00037620 August 24 1936 made available to the
_nq5NF-mhRk-00154-00037621-00037824 secretary of agriculture an amount of
_nq5NF-mhRk-00155-00037825-00038025 money equal to 30 percent of the gross
_nq5NF-mhRk-00156-00038026-00038223 receipts from duties collected under the
_nq5NF-mhRk-00157-00038224-00038406 customs laws during each calendar year
_nq5NF-mhRk-00158-00038407-00038643 needy families and school lunch programs
_nq5NF-mhRk-00159-00038644-00038814 became constructive outlets for the
_nq5NF-mhRk-00160-00038815-00039054 commodities purchased by the USDA under
_nq5NF-mhRk-00161-00039055-00039339 the terms of such legislation many needy
_nq5NF-mhRk-00162-00039340-00039531 schoolchildren could not afford to pay
_nq5NF-mhRk-00163-00039532-00039702 for lunches and were sorely in need of
_nq5NF-mhRk-00164-00039703-00039903 supplementary foods from a nutritional
_nq5NF-mhRk-00165-00039904-00040140 standpoint thus they would be using
_nq5NF-mhRk-00166-00040141-00040284 foods at school which would not
_nq5NF-mhRk-00167-00040285-00040410 otherwise be purchased in the
_nq5NF-mhRk-00168-00040411-00040614 marketplace and farmers would be helped
_nq5NF-mhRk-00169-00040615-00040758 by obtaining an outlet for their
_nq5NF-mhRk-00170-00040759-00041010 products at a reasonable price the
_nq5NF-mhRk-00171-00041011-00041217 purchase and distribution program was
_nq5NF-mhRk-00172-00041218-00041496 assigned in 1935 to the federal surplus
_nq5NF-mhRk-00173-00041497-00041691 commodities corporation which had been
_nq5NF-mhRk-00174-00041692-00041949 established in 1933 as the federal
_nq5NF-mhRk-00175-00041950-00042177 surplus relief Corporation to distribute
_nq5NF-mhRk-00176-00042178-00042417 surplus pork dairy products and wheat to
_nq5NF-mhRk-00177-00042418-00042687 the needy these funds came from customs
_nq5NF-mhRk-00178-00042688-00042861 duties and were specifically designated
_nq5NF-mhRk-00179-00042862-00043089 to encourage agricultural surplus
_nq5NF-mhRk-00180-00043090-00043251 consumption via exports and domestic
_nq5NF-mhRk-00181-00043252-00043794 donations in march 1937 there were 3839
_nq5NF-mhRk-00182-00043795-00044022 schools receiving commodities for lunch
_nq5NF-mhRk-00183-00044023-00044247 programs serving three hundred forty two
_nq5NF-mhRk-00184-00044248-00044523 thousand thirty one children daily two
_nq5NF-mhRk-00185-00044524-00044688 years later the number of schools
_nq5NF-mhRk-00186-00044689-00044889 participating had grown to fourteen
_nq5NF-mhRk-00187-00044890-00045084 thousand seventy five and the number of
_nq5NF-mhRk-00188-00045085-00045210 children had risen to eight hundred
_nq5NF-mhRk-00189-00045211-00045429 ninety two thousand two hundred fifty
_nq5NF-mhRk-00190-00045430-00045840 nine from 1939 to 1940 to the number of
_nq5NF-mhRk-00191-00045841-00046245 schools participating increased by 78841
_nq5NF-mhRk-00192-00046246-00046488 and the number of pupils participating
_nq5NF-mhRk-00193-00046489-00046701 increased by five million two hundred
_nq5NF-mhRk-00194-00046702-00046911 seventy two thousand five hundred forty
_nq5NF-mhRk-00195-00046912-00047205 in july 1943 in an attempt to salvage
_nq5NF-mhRk-00196-00047206-00047382 the deterioration of school lunches
_nq5NF-mhRk-00197-00047383-00047471 Congress
_nq5NF-mhRk-00198-00047472-00047747 past public law 129 to amend the
_nq5NF-mhRk-00199-00047748-00048080 agricultural Act of 1935 this law
_nq5NF-mhRk-00200-00048081-00048281 re-established school lunch programs
_nq5NF-mhRk-00201-00048282-00048497 using sixty million dollars to cover the
_nq5NF-mhRk-00202-00048498-00048797 purchase of food but not labor the next
_nq5NF-mhRk-00203-00048798-00049025 year Congress appropriated another fifty
_nq5NF-mhRk-00204-00049026-00049196 million dollars in allowed childcare
_nq5NF-mhRk-00205-00049197-00049415 centers to participate since the Act
_nq5NF-mhRk-00206-00049416-00049619 passed Congress has modified several
_nq5NF-mhRk-00207-00049620-00049931 aspects of the policy Congress amended
_nq5NF-mhRk-00208-00049932-00050246 the NSLP in 1962 to adjust fund
_nq5NF-mhRk-00209-00050247-00050489 distribution they decided that the
_nq5NF-mhRk-00210-00050490-00050675 budget allocated to each state should be
_nq5NF-mhRk-00211-00050676-00050846 influenced by the state's need for
_nq5NF-mhRk-00212-00050847-00051095 further assistance rather than just
_nq5NF-mhRk-00213-00051096-00051275 factoring in the number of participants
_nq5NF-mhRk-00214-00051276-00051464 Congress took into account the state
_nq5NF-mhRk-00215-00051465-00051658 poverty level compared to the national
_nq5NF-mhRk-00216-00051659-00051983 poverty level then in 1968 Congress
_nq5NF-mhRk-00217-00051984-00052258 improved the NSLP food options to
_nq5NF-mhRk-00218-00052259-00052408 accommodate students with special
_nq5NF-mhRk-00219-00052409-00052679 dietary needs most recently in 2012
_nq5NF-mhRk-00220-00052679-00052904 First Lady Michelle Obama took on the
_nq5NF-mhRk-00221-00052904-00053179 issue of school lunches changes that she
_nq5NF-mhRk-00222-00053180-00053378 initiated primarily focused on more
_nq5NF-mhRk-00223-00053379-00053624 specific nutritional requirements the
_nq5NF-mhRk-00224-00053625-00053830 changes include updated food group
_nq5NF-mhRk-00225-00053832-00054062 nutrition standards such as vegetable
_nq5NF-mhRk-00226-00054063-00054263 subgroups readjusted meat and grains
_nq5NF-mhRk-00227-00054264-00054461 serving sizes to reflect different
_nq5NF-mhRk-00228-00054462-00054650 school grade ranges and implemented
_nq5NF-mhRk-00229-00054651-00054832 requirement for whole grains and milk
_nq5NF-mhRk-00230-00054833-00055154 fat restrictions lower calorie ranges in
_nq5NF-mhRk-00231-00055154-00055334 a 10-year progressive sodium reduction
_nq5NF-mhRk-00232-00055335-00056077 plan also started in 2012
_nq5NF-mhRk-00233-00056078-00056680 topic where the food comes from
_nq5NF-mhRk-00234-00056682-00056984 any school is eligible to receive NSLP
_nq5NF-mhRk-00235-00056985-00057166 for its students meals come from a
_nq5NF-mhRk-00236-00057167-00057347 number of different sources they can
_nq5NF-mhRk-00237-00057348-00057554 come from on-site production vended meal
_nq5NF-mhRk-00238-00057554-00057805 from an nslp caterer or in most schools
_nq5NF-mhRk-00239-00057807-00057953 provided by the local school board
_nq5NF-mhRk-00240-00057954-00058247 centralized kitchen this is usually
_nq5NF-mhRk-00241-00058248-00058490 regulated by each state's Department of
_nq5NF-mhRk-00242-00058491-00058799 Education nutrition services regardless
_nq5NF-mhRk-00243-00058800-00058988 of who provides the food on-site
_nq5NF-mhRk-00244-00058989-00059198 production catered vended or school
_nq5NF-mhRk-00245-00059199-00059396 board kitchen the raw materials come
_nq5NF-mhRk-00246-00059397-00059639 from USDA has donated commodities in the
_nq5NF-mhRk-00247-00059640-00059854 case of vended meals the caterer must
_nq5NF-mhRk-00248-00059855-00060008 use in credit the school for the
_nq5NF-mhRk-00249-00060009-00060620 commodities receive
_nq5NF-mhRk-00250-00060621-00061167 topic food safety
_nq5NF-mhRk-00251-00061169-00061404 driven to increase the quality of food
_nq5NF-mhRk-00252-00061405-00061702 in the NSLP the USDA agricultural
_nq5NF-mhRk-00253-00061703-00061912 marketing service amps undertook an
_nq5NF-mhRk-00254-00061913-00062128 ambitious agenda to provide schools with
_nq5NF-mhRk-00255-00062129-00062344 a consistent supply of safe low-fat
_nq5NF-mhRk-00256-00062345-00062665 ground beef beginning in 2002 aims
_nq5NF-mhRk-00257-00062666-00062908 established a statistically based vendor
_nq5NF-mhRk-00258-00062909-00063141 certification and supply chain quality
_nq5NF-mhRk-00259-00063142-00063330 management program for the purchase of
_nq5NF-mhRk-00260-00063332-00063591 ground beef and pork for nslp under the
_nq5NF-mhRk-00261-00063592-00063879 technical requirements schedule GB 200
_nq5NF-mhRk-00262-00063880-00064204 six the current version the program has
_nq5NF-mhRk-00263-00064204-00064411 enjoyed considerable success in reducing
_nq5NF-mhRk-00264-00064412-00064633 pathogen levels and controlling fat
_nq5NF-mhRk-00265-00064634-00064828 content in lean beef and pork that is
_nq5NF-mhRk-00266-00064829-00065101 provided to school children under the
_nq5NF-mhRk-00267-00065102-00065338 program meat grading and certification
_nq5NF-mhRk-00268-00065339-00065623 mgc branch agents enforced continuous
_nq5NF-mhRk-00269-00065624-00065827 auditing and implant monitoring as long
_nq5NF-mhRk-00270-00065828-00066042 as the contractor is in the program
_nq5NF-mhRk-00271-00066043-00066343 microbial and fat spc charts and graphs
_nq5NF-mhRk-00272-00066344-00066580 for microbial levels and fat content are
_nq5NF-mhRk-00273-00066581-00066748 monitored for process assessment
_nq5NF-mhRk-00274-00066749-00067411 purposes on a daily basis
_nq5NF-mhRk-00275-00067412-00068099 topic nutrition behavior and learning
_nq5NF-mhRk-00276-00068100-00068330 nutrition standards for the National
_nq5NF-mhRk-00277-00068331-00068540 School Lunch Program and National School
_nq5NF-mhRk-00278-00068541-00068786 Breakfast Program were updated in 2012
_nq5NF-mhRk-00279-00068787-00069056 this update and nutritional standards
_nq5NF-mhRk-00280-00069057-00069218 was funded through a federal statute
_nq5NF-mhRk-00281-00069219-00069428 signed into law by President Barack
_nq5NF-mhRk-00282-00069429-00069677 Obama the bill called the Healthy
_nq5NF-mhRk-00283-00069678-00069956 hunger-free Kids Act of 2010 funds free
_nq5NF-mhRk-00284-00069957-00070172 lunch programs in public schools for the
_nq5NF-mhRk-00285-00070173-00070421 next five years the new guidelines
_nq5NF-mhRk-00286-00070422-00070598 require students to choose either a
_nq5NF-mhRk-00287-00070599-00070793 serving of fruit or vegetables every
_nq5NF-mhRk-00288-00070794-00071075 meal also the portions must now be
_nq5NF-mhRk-00289-00071076-00071141 larger
_nq5NF-mhRk-00290-00071142-00071369 along with larger portions of fruits and
_nq5NF-mhRk-00291-00071370-00071537 vegetables the National School Lunch
_nq5NF-mhRk-00292-00071538-00071792 Program now enforces a variety of other
_nq5NF-mhRk-00293-00071793-00072083 nutritional requirements food products
_nq5NF-mhRk-00294-00072084-00072278 and ingredients used to prepare school
_nq5NF-mhRk-00295-00072279-00072503 meals must contain zero grams of added
_nq5NF-mhRk-00296-00072504-00072791 trans fat per serving less than 0.5
_nq5NF-mhRk-00297-00072792-00073066 grams per serving as defined by FDA
_nq5NF-mhRk-00298-00073067-00073313 furthermore a meal can provide no more
_nq5NF-mhRk-00299-00073314-00073565 than 30% of calories from fat and less
_nq5NF-mhRk-00300-00073566-00073946 than 10% from saturated fat one in late
_nq5NF-mhRk-00301-00073947-00074195 2009 the Institute of Medicine of the
_nq5NF-mhRk-00302-00074196-00074420 National Academies released school meals
_nq5NF-mhRk-00303-00074421-00074618 building blocks for healthy children
_nq5NF-mhRk-00304-00074619-00074855 this report reviews and provides
_nq5NF-mhRk-00305-00074856-00075068 recommendations to update the nutrition
_nq5NF-mhRk-00306-00075069-00075251 standard in the meal requirements for
_nq5NF-mhRk-00307-00075252-00075440 the National School Lunch Program and
_nq5NF-mhRk-00308-00075441-00075704 school breakfast program school meals
_nq5NF-mhRk-00309-00075705-00075917 also set standards for menu planning
_nq5NF-mhRk-00310-00075918-00076139 that focus on food groups calories
_nq5NF-mhRk-00311-00076140-00076357 saturated fat and sodium and that
_nq5NF-mhRk-00312-00076358-00076541 incorporate Dietary Guidelines for
_nq5NF-mhRk-00313-00076542-00076703 Americans and the Dietary Reference
_nq5NF-mhRk-00314-00076704-00077057 Intakes Nutrition plays a critical role
_nq5NF-mhRk-00315-00077058-00077255 in cognitive development and academic
_nq5NF-mhRk-00316-00077256-00077482 performance for children undernourished
_nq5NF-mhRk-00317-00077483-00077654 children are more likely to be less
_nq5NF-mhRk-00318-00077655-00077851 energetic and less able to concentrate
_nq5NF-mhRk-00319-00077852-00078140 the day to day observation of teachers
_nq5NF-mhRk-00320-00078141-00078323 and administrators of the relationship
_nq5NF-mhRk-00321-00078324-00078488 between inadequate nutrition and
_nq5NF-mhRk-00322-00078489-00078641 behavior and ability to learn is
_nq5NF-mhRk-00323-00078642-00078998 substantiated by scientific studies 20
_nq5NF-mhRk-00324-00078999-00079235 Cape Town South Africa children were
_nq5NF-mhRk-00325-00079236-00079526 studied for 11 years beginning in 1955
_nq5NF-mhRk-00326-00079527-00079736 the study was based on the hypothesis
_nq5NF-mhRk-00327-00079737-00079931 that the ill effects of undernutrition
_nq5NF-mhRk-00328-00079932-00080186 are determined by one its occurrence
_nq5NF-mhRk-00329-00080187-00080423 during the period of maximum growth and
_nq5NF-mhRk-00330-00080424-00080591 to the duration of undernutrition
_nq5NF-mhRk-00331-00080592-00080890 relative to the total period of growth
_nq5NF-mhRk-00332-00080891-00081173 evidence is cumulative and impressive
_nq5NF-mhRk-00333-00081174-00081374 that severe under nutrition during the
_nq5NF-mhRk-00334-00081375-00081474 first two years
_nq5NF-mhRk-00335-00081475-00081696 of life when brain growth is most active
_nq5NF-mhRk-00336-00081697-00081924 results in a permanent reduction of
_nq5NF-mhRk-00337-00081925-00082164 brain size and restricted intellectual
_nq5NF-mhRk-00338-00082165-00082497 development some basic micronutrients
_nq5NF-mhRk-00339-00082498-00082689 are necessary for children to maintain a
_nq5NF-mhRk-00340-00082690-00082932 good status of learning such as iron and
_nq5NF-mhRk-00341-00082933-00083277 vitamin b12 iron deficiency puts a child
_nq5NF-mhRk-00342-00083278-00083469 at risk of cognitive delay and lower
_nq5NF-mhRk-00343-00083470-00084059 math scores
_nq5NF-mhRk-00344-00084060-00084603 topic controversy
_nq5NF-mhRk-00345-00084604-00084909 in December 2009 a report was released
_nq5NF-mhRk-00346-00084910-00085113 that showed that fast-food restaurants
_nq5NF-mhRk-00347-00085114-00085299 were far more rigorous in checking for
_nq5NF-mhRk-00348-00085300-00085521 bacteria and dangerous pathogens in beef
_nq5NF-mhRk-00349-00085522-00085653 and chicken than the school lunch
_nq5NF-mhRk-00350-00085654-00085884 program we simply are not giving our
_nq5NF-mhRk-00351-00085885-00086091 kids in schools the same level of
_nq5NF-mhRk-00352-00086092-00086316 quality and safety as you get when you
_nq5NF-mhRk-00353-00086317-00086655 go to many fast food restaurants said
_nq5NF-mhRk-00354-00086656-00086847 Jay Glenn Morris director of the
_nq5NF-mhRk-00355-00086848-00087027 emerging pathogens Institute at the
_nq5NF-mhRk-00356-00087028-00087261 University of Florida we are not using
_nq5NF-mhRk-00357-00087262-00087630 those same standards in November 2011 an
_nq5NF-mhRk-00358-00087631-00087858 agriculture appropriations bill passed
_nq5NF-mhRk-00359-00087859-00088077 by Congress garnered controversy for
_nq5NF-mhRk-00360-00088078-00088293 blocking a proposed change by the Obama
_nq5NF-mhRk-00361-00088294-00088452 administration to school lunch
_nq5NF-mhRk-00362-00088453-00088707 regulations whereby 1/8 cup of tomato
_nq5NF-mhRk-00363-00088708-00088866 paste would no longer have been
_nq5NF-mhRk-00364-00088867-00089034 considered as having the nutritional
_nq5NF-mhRk-00365-00089035-00089253 equivalent of 1/2 a cup of vegetables
_nq5NF-mhRk-00366-00089254-00089409 but instead only is having the
_nq5NF-mhRk-00367-00089410-00089619 nutritional equivalent of 1/8 cup of
_nq5NF-mhRk-00368-00089620-00089724 vegetables ie
_nq5NF-mhRk-00369-00089725-00089925 schools can only credit a volume of
_nq5NF-mhRk-00370-00089926-00090108 vegetables is equivalent to its actual
_nq5NF-mhRk-00371-00090109-00090402 size critics of this move by Congress
_nq5NF-mhRk-00372-00090403-00090564 claimed that pressure was placed upon
_nq5NF-mhRk-00373-00090565-00090741 officials voting on the bill by
_nq5NF-mhRk-00374-00090742-00090915 lobbyists representing pizza
_nq5NF-mhRk-00375-00090916-00091149 manufacturers and cheese producers as it
_nq5NF-mhRk-00376-00091150-00091293 was seen to threaten the ability of
_nq5NF-mhRk-00377-00091294-00091485 schools to serve pizza and credit it
_nq5NF-mhRk-00378-00091486-00091695 with the same level of nutritional value
_nq5NF-mhRk-00379-00091696-00091956 as they heretofore had many critics have
_nq5NF-mhRk-00380-00091957-00092193 sardonically summarized the situation as
_nq5NF-mhRk-00381-00092194-00092571 Pizza is now a vegetable or Congress
_nq5NF-mhRk-00382-00092572-00092804 decides Pizza as a vegetable
_nq5NF-mhRk-00383-00092805-00093093 however others have pointed out that 1/8
_nq5NF-mhRk-00384-00093094-00093312 cup of tomato paste stacks up remarkably
_nq5NF-mhRk-00385-00093313-00093558 well against a 1/2 cup of vegetables
_nq5NF-mhRk-00386-00093559-00093759 nutritionally albeit with an excessive
_nq5NF-mhRk-00387-00093760-00093942 amount of sodium that could be argued to
_nq5NF-mhRk-00388-00093943-00094573 reduce its nutritional value
_nq5NF-mhRk-00389-00094574-00095099 topic public concern
_nq5NF-mhRk-00390-00095100-00095486 in 1967-68 the national enrollment in
_nq5NF-mhRk-00391-00095487-00095654 public and private schools was
_nq5NF-mhRk-00392-00095655-00095855 approximately fifty point seven million
_nq5NF-mhRk-00393-00095856-00096059 according to a survey of school food
_nq5NF-mhRk-00394-00096060-00096446 services in March 1968 about thirty-six
_nq5NF-mhRk-00395-00096447-00096749 point eight million children or 73% were
_nq5NF-mhRk-00396-00096750-00096967 enrolled in schools participating in the
_nq5NF-mhRk-00397-00096968-00097156 National School Lunch Program with an
_nq5NF-mhRk-00398-00097157-00097361 actual average participation in the
_nq5NF-mhRk-00399-00097362-00097618 program of 18.9 million children or
_nq5NF-mhRk-00400-00097619-00097831 about 37 percent of the national
_nq5NF-mhRk-00401-00097832-00098050 enrollment reasons for non participation
_nq5NF-mhRk-00402-00098051-00098242 in the program were numerous but in
_nq5NF-mhRk-00403-00098243-00098459 low-income areas and large urban centers
_nq5NF-mhRk-00404-00098460-00098690 low participation was particularly
_nq5NF-mhRk-00405-00098691-00098948 evident many of the school buildings in
_nq5NF-mhRk-00406-00098949-00099157 these areas as well as the small schools
_nq5NF-mhRk-00407-00099158-00099343 in rural areas were built many years
_nq5NF-mhRk-00408-00099344-00099560 before there were plans for operating a
_nq5NF-mhRk-00409-00099561-00099740 school lunch program and the buildings
_nq5NF-mhRk-00410-00099741-00099923 did not lend themselves to remodeling
_nq5NF-mhRk-00411-00099924-00100012 for that purpose
_nq5NF-mhRk-00412-00100013-00100196 neither were local funds available for
_nq5NF-mhRk-00413-00100197-00100417 it many of the elementary school
_nq5NF-mhRk-00414-00100418-00100600 buildings and urban centers were built
_nq5NF-mhRk-00415-00100601-00100760 with the idea that the children could
_nq5NF-mhRk-00416-00100761-00100873 and should go home for lunch
_nq5NF-mhRk-00417-00100874-00101159 neighborhood schools and lunchroom
_nq5NF-mhRk-00418-00101160-00101396 facilities were not available many of
_nq5NF-mhRk-00419-00101397-00101605 these conditions hold true today some
_nq5NF-mhRk-00420-00101606-00101810 school authorities hold to the idea that
_nq5NF-mhRk-00421-00101811-00101966 a school lunch program must be
_nq5NF-mhRk-00422-00101967-00102163 self-supporting and others feel that the
_nq5NF-mhRk-00423-00102164-00102353 school has no responsibility in this
_nq5NF-mhRk-00424-00102354-00102631 area according to a junior high school
_nq5NF-mhRk-00425-00102632-00102811 principal we think this is the
_nq5NF-mhRk-00426-00102813-00103108 responsibility of parents and child we
_nq5NF-mhRk-00427-00103109-00103298 do not check them to see if a student
_nq5NF-mhRk-00428-00103299-00103564 eats as a whole we are doing it as a
_nq5NF-mhRk-00429-00103565-00103864 service rather than a need the net
_nq5NF-mhRk-00430-00103865-00104059 result is that the children in the media
_nq5NF-mhRk-00431-00104060-00104225 stereos must go without an adequate
_nq5NF-mhRk-00432-00104226-00104461 noonday meal at school or perhaps an
_nq5NF-mhRk-00433-00104463-00104668 inadequate evening meal at home or none
_nq5NF-mhRk-00434-00104669-00104951 at all many high school students prefer
_nq5NF-mhRk-00435-00104952-00105146 to bring a bag lunch from home or eat
_nq5NF-mhRk-00436-00105147-00105368 snacks and beverages at a nearby stand
_nq5NF-mhRk-00437-00105369-00105551 or from a vending machine in the school
_nq5NF-mhRk-00438-00105552-00105848 in some instances the portion served to
_nq5NF-mhRk-00439-00105849-00106054 high school students are not adjusted to
_nq5NF-mhRk-00440-00106055-00106183 meet their needs and they seek other
_nq5NF-mhRk-00441-00106184-00106394 sources of service where their tastes
_nq5NF-mhRk-00442-00106395-00106585 and appetites can be satisfied the
_nq5NF-mhRk-00443-00106586-00106816 predominant reason however appears to be
_nq5NF-mhRk-00444-00106817-00107008 inadequate funding at federal state and
_nq5NF-mhRk-00445-00107009-00107209 local levels with the end result that
_nq5NF-mhRk-00446-00107210-00107389 the children who cannot afford to pay
_nq5NF-mhRk-00447-00107390-00107621 are the losers
_nq5NF-mhRk-00448-00107622-00107946 you
_nq5NF-mhRk-00449-00107947-00108258 topic Native Americans and children of
_nq5NF-mhRk-00450-00108258-00108616 color
_nq5NF-mhRk-00451-00108617-00108940 in December 2014 Indian country Today
_nq5NF-mhRk-00452-00108941-00109228 reported that 68% of Native American and
_nq5NF-mhRk-00453-00109229-00109465 Alaska Native students are eligible for
_nq5NF-mhRk-00454-00109466-00109708 free and reduced-price school lunches
_nq5NF-mhRk-00455-00109708-00110158 compared with 28% of white students USDA
_nq5NF-mhRk-00456-00110158-00110479 data indicate that 70% of children
_nq5NF-mhRk-00457-00110480-00110713 receiving free lunches through the NSLP
_nq5NF-mhRk-00458-00110714-00111019 are children of color as are 50% of
_nq5NF-mhRk-00459-00111020-00111291 students receiving reduced price lunches
_nq5NF-mhRk-00460-00111292-00111553 the article expressed concern regarding
_nq5NF-mhRk-00461-00111554-00111783 efforts to undercut nutrition standards
_nq5NF-mhRk-00462-00111784-00111984 and notes that several Native American
_nq5NF-mhRk-00463-00111985-00112134 schools are working to improve the
_nq5NF-mhRk-00464-00112135-00112315 quality of school lunches by using
_nq5NF-mhRk-00465-00112316-00112549 produce from school gardens or tribally
_nq5NF-mhRk-00466-00112550-00113148 grown buffalo meat
_nq5NF-mhRk-00467-00113149-00113708 topic current challenges
_nq5NF-mhRk-00468-00113708-00113993 the current challenges of the NSLP can
_nq5NF-mhRk-00469-00113994-00114146 be broken down into three major
_nq5NF-mhRk-00470-00114147-00114395 categories caloric and nutritional needs
_nq5NF-mhRk-00471-00114396-00115077 food waste and rising costs
_nq5NF-mhRk-00472-00115078-00115682 topic caloric and nutritional needs for
_nq5NF-mhRk-00473-00115683-00115944 some time the measurement from which the
_nq5NF-mhRk-00474-00115945-00116190 NSLP based its cash reimbursements and
_nq5NF-mhRk-00475-00116191-00116367 meal provisions largely came from
_nq5NF-mhRk-00476-00116368-00116652 caloric requirements however while this
_nq5NF-mhRk-00477-00116653-00116834 worked in a time where malnutrition
_nq5NF-mhRk-00478-00116835-00117030 plagued the nation's poverty the modern
_nq5NF-mhRk-00479-00117031-00117236 focus on caloric intake usurps the
_nq5NF-mhRk-00480-00117238-00117423 nation stance on the growing obesity
_nq5NF-mhRk-00481-00117424-00117708 epidemic balancing nutrition and
_nq5NF-mhRk-00482-00117708-00117894 calories has always been a challenge for
_nq5NF-mhRk-00483-00117895-00118151 the NSLP and its participating schools
_nq5NF-mhRk-00484-00118152-00118433 this struggle can undermine schools that
_nq5NF-mhRk-00485-00118434-00118575 wish to comply with the national
_nq5NF-mhRk-00486-00118576-00118779 standards while still advocating healthy
_nq5NF-mhRk-00487-00118780-00118944 lifestyles another problem that
_nq5NF-mhRk-00488-00118945-00119108 contributes to this challenge is that
_nq5NF-mhRk-00489-00119109-00119336 nutritious food is often considered less
_nq5NF-mhRk-00490-00119338-00119538 favorable than competitive food that is
_nq5NF-mhRk-00491-00119539-00119654 available to students
_nq5NF-mhRk-00492-00119655-00119898 given the choice students will often
_nq5NF-mhRk-00493-00119899-00120096 prefer competitive foods that are not
_nq5NF-mhRk-00494-00120097-00120243 required to meet federal minimum
_nq5NF-mhRk-00495-00120244-00120841 nutrition standards
_nq5NF-mhRk-00496-00120842-00121393 topic competitive foods
_nq5NF-mhRk-00497-00121394-00121642 in the US the term competitive foods
_nq5NF-mhRk-00498-00121643-00121864 refers to any food source that competes
_nq5NF-mhRk-00499-00121865-00122128 with a lunch programs offerings such
_nq5NF-mhRk-00500-00122129-00122356 competitive foods include fast-food
_nq5NF-mhRk-00501-00122357-00122578 offerings a la carte food lines and
_nq5NF-mhRk-00502-00122579-00122904 vending machines a study was done in the
_nq5NF-mhRk-00503-00122905-00123223 2009-2010 school year across 47 states
_nq5NF-mhRk-00504-00123224-00123558 and 622 districts to examine how much of
_nq5NF-mhRk-00505-00123559-00123745 district's competitive food and drink
_nq5NF-mhRk-00506-00123746-00123933 policy complied with Dietary Guidelines
_nq5NF-mhRk-00507-00123934-00124149 for Americans DGA
_nq5NF-mhRk-00508-00124150-00124450 recommendations one of the major reasons
_nq5NF-mhRk-00509-00124451-00124639 for this study to be done as the Healthy
_nq5NF-mhRk-00510-00124640-00124836 hunger-free Kids Act which requires
_nq5NF-mhRk-00511-00124838-00125023 schools to establish a science-based
_nq5NF-mhRk-00512-00125024-00125239 nutrition standards for competitive
_nq5NF-mhRk-00513-00125240-00125506 foods called a wellness plan these new
_nq5NF-mhRk-00514-00125507-00125698 provisions for competitive food and
_nq5NF-mhRk-00515-00125699-00125899 drinks included limits on specific
_nq5NF-mhRk-00516-00125900-00126127 nutrients in the food such as sodium and
_nq5NF-mhRk-00517-00126128-00126435 fats unfortunately less than 5 percent
_nq5NF-mhRk-00518-00126436-00126660 of districts met or exceeded DGA
_nq5NF-mhRk-00519-00126661-00126973 requirements only about 4 percent of
_nq5NF-mhRk-00520-00126974-00127153 districts across the nation required
_nq5NF-mhRk-00521-00127154-00127354 fruits and vegetables to be sold within
_nq5NF-mhRk-00522-00127355-00127533 the competitive foods which in no way
_nq5NF-mhRk-00523-00127534-00127747 helps the fruit and vegetable intake of
_nq5NF-mhRk-00524-00127748-00128402 students that has already subpar
_nq5NF-mhRk-00525-00128403-00128908 topic food waste
_nq5NF-mhRk-00526-00128908-00129106 children throw away much of the
_nq5NF-mhRk-00527-00129107-00129370 nutritious food that they're served in a
_nq5NF-mhRk-00528-00129371-00129576 study of the Boston Public Schools on
_nq5NF-mhRk-00529-00129577-00129898 average students discarded roughly 19
_nq5NF-mhRk-00530-00129899-00130188 percent of their entrees 47 percent of
_nq5NF-mhRk-00531-00130189-00130449 their fruit 25 percent of their milk and
_nq5NF-mhRk-00532-00130450-00130785 73 percent of their vegetables
_nq5NF-mhRk-00533-00130786-00131014 it was estimated that four hundred
_nq5NF-mhRk-00534-00131015-00131245 thirty two thousand three hundred forty
_nq5NF-mhRk-00535-00131246-00131458 nine dollars and five cents worth of
_nq5NF-mhRk-00536-00131459-00131686 food is wasted annually at lunch by
_nq5NF-mhRk-00537-00131687-00131950 students in grade six to eight in Boston
_nq5NF-mhRk-00538-00131951-00132313 Public Schools overall this sum makes up
_nq5NF-mhRk-00539-00132314-00132504 twenty six point one percent of these
_nq5NF-mhRk-00540-00132505-00132724 three schools food budgets excluding
_nq5NF-mhRk-00541-00132725-00132850 labor and supplies
_nq5NF-mhRk-00542-00132851-00133156 if translated nationally Cohen estimates
_nq5NF-mhRk-00543-00133157-00133318 that roughly 1 billion two hundred
_nq5NF-mhRk-00544-00133319-00133546 thirty eight million eight hundred forty
_nq5NF-mhRk-00545-00133547-00133729 six thousand four hundred dollars in
_nq5NF-mhRk-00546-00133730-00134077 food is wasted on an annual basis one
_nq5NF-mhRk-00547-00134078-00134275 reason that students discard this amount
_nq5NF-mhRk-00548-00134276-00134485 of food has to do with a la carte lines
_nq5NF-mhRk-00549-00134486-00134845 and vending machines in a 1998 study of
_nq5NF-mhRk-00550-00134846-00135076 sixteen randomly selected schools in
_nq5NF-mhRk-00551-00135077-00135214 Saint Paul Minnesota
_nq5NF-mhRk-00552-00135215-00135388 the authors discovered a negative
_nq5NF-mhRk-00553-00135389-00135595 correlation between a la carte lines
_nq5NF-mhRk-00554-00135596-00135796 vending machine use and fruit and
_nq5NF-mhRk-00555-00135797-00136039 vegetable consumption on average
_nq5NF-mhRk-00556-00136040-00136243 students from schools without an a la
_nq5NF-mhRk-00557-00136244-00136414 carte line consumed nearly an entire
_nq5NF-mhRk-00558-00136415-00136621 serving more of fruit and vegetables
_nq5NF-mhRk-00559-00136622-00136841 than did students with such programs
_nq5NF-mhRk-00560-00136842-00137062 furthermore students from all schools
_nq5NF-mhRk-00561-00137063-00137323 exceeded the daily USDA recommended
_nq5NF-mhRk-00562-00137324-00137566 calories from saturated fat and students
_nq5NF-mhRk-00563-00137567-00137737 from schools with a la carte lines
_nq5NF-mhRk-00564-00137738-00137926 exceeded the recommendations by one
_nq5NF-mhRk-00565-00137927-00138238 percent more on average concerning snack
_nq5NF-mhRk-00566-00138239-00138340 vending machines
_nq5NF-mhRk-00567-00138341-00138496 the authors determined that with each
_nq5NF-mhRk-00568-00138497-00138721 vending machine present students mean
_nq5NF-mhRk-00569-00138722-00138994 intake of fruit servings decreased by 11
_nq5NF-mhRk-00570-00138995-00139264 percent beverage machines showed no
_nq5NF-mhRk-00571-00139265-00139822 significant impact
_nq5NF-mhRk-00572-00139823-00140356 topic rising costs
_nq5NF-mhRk-00573-00140357-00140581 a challenge for schools that take part
_nq5NF-mhRk-00574-00140582-00140833 in the NSLP as rising costs of producing
_nq5NF-mhRk-00575-00140834-00141112 lunch according to the school lunch and
_nq5NF-mhRk-00576-00141113-00141433 breakfast cost study SLBC s one in four
_nq5NF-mhRk-00577-00141434-00141640 school districts reported costs for
_nq5NF-mhRk-00578-00141641-00141796 school lunches above the program
_nq5NF-mhRk-00579-00141797-00142090 reimbursement rate the additional cost
_nq5NF-mhRk-00580-00142091-00142279 must then be supplemented by school
_nq5NF-mhRk-00581-00142280-00142486 district general funds and this puts a
_nq5NF-mhRk-00582-00142487-00142695 strain on school district budgets
_nq5NF-mhRk-00583-00142696-00142957 additional costs also make it difficult
_nq5NF-mhRk-00584-00142958-00143140 to meet federally mandated nutrition
_nq5NF-mhRk-00585-00143141-00143314 requirements because using the best
_nq5NF-mhRk-00586-00143315-00143548 palatable foods for students becomes too
_nq5NF-mhRk-00587-00143549-00143824 expensive according to the 2008 USDA
_nq5NF-mhRk-00588-00143825-00144118 report on the NSLP other sources of
_nq5NF-mhRk-00589-00144119-00144385 increasing costs include increases in
_nq5NF-mhRk-00590-00144386-00144631 health care costs for employees and more
_nq5NF-mhRk-00591-00144632-00144979 recently rising food costs for example
_nq5NF-mhRk-00592-00144980-00145315 in 2008 some school systems in Alabama
_nq5NF-mhRk-00593-00145316-00145567 California and Texas raised meal prices
_nq5NF-mhRk-00594-00145568-00145840 to keep up with steep increases in food
_nq5NF-mhRk-00595-00145841-00146161 costs the school districts raised prices
_nq5NF-mhRk-00596-00146162-00146347 for paying students while keeping prices
_nq5NF-mhRk-00597-00146348-00146569 the same for students that qualified for
_nq5NF-mhRk-00598-00146570-00146821 reduced price or free lunches this
_nq5NF-mhRk-00599-00146822-00147016 method of cost adjustment leaves either
_nq5NF-mhRk-00600-00147017-00147214 the school district or paying students
_nq5NF-mhRk-00601-00147215-00147902 to bear the burden of the price increase
_nq5NF-mhRk-00602-00147903-00148511 topic National School Lunch week
_nq5NF-mhRk-00603-00148512-00148760 National School Lunch week takes place
_nq5NF-mhRk-00604-00148761-00148981 on the second Sunday in October on
_nq5NF-mhRk-00605-00148982-00149345 October 6th 2017 president Donald Trump
_nq5NF-mhRk-00606-00149346-00150045 proclaimed National School Lunch week
_nq5NF-mhRk-00607-00150046-00150581 topic see also
_nq5NF-mhRk-00608-00150582-00150956 child and adult care food program child
_nq5NF-mhRk-00609-00150957-00151413 nutrition Act of 1966 free school meal
_nq5NF-mhRk-00610-00151414-00151779 Healthy hunger-free Kids Act of 2010 ah
_nq5NF-mhRk-00611-00151780-00151971 slow breakfast
_nq5NF-mhRk-00612-00151972-00152251 Tino de ângelis intentionally sold
_nq5NF-mhRk-00613-00152252-00152408 spoiled meat to the National School
_nq5NF-mhRk-00614-00152409-00152657 Lunch Program
Aonvvx3dU3g-00000-00000431-00000686 new coven cases in america have recently
Aonvvx3dU3g-00001-00000687-00000871 reached all-time highs
Aonvvx3dU3g-00002-00000872-00001150 quick someone call guinness no not the
Aonvvx3dU3g-00003-00001151-00001431 record keepers i need a drink
Aonvvx3dU3g-00004-00001432-00001623 with this new achievement i thought i'd
Aonvvx3dU3g-00005-00001623-00001830 talk about her federal response to this
Aonvvx3dU3g-00006-00001832-00001942 issue
Aonvvx3dU3g-00007-00001943-00002134 now some of you are probably looking at
Aonvvx3dU3g-00008-00002135-00002359 this video's runtime and thinking
Aonvvx3dU3g-00009-00002360-00002615 boy that's a lot of time to dedicate to
Aonvvx3dU3g-00010-00002616-00002663 saying
Aonvvx3dU3g-00011-00002664-00002918 we're doing nothing well the federal
Aonvvx3dU3g-00012-00002919-00002999 government has
Aonvvx3dU3g-00013-00003000-00003238 deferred the response almost entirely to
Aonvvx3dU3g-00014-00003239-00003319 the states
Aonvvx3dU3g-00015-00003320-00003590 they are currently engaged in a pretty
Aonvvx3dU3g-00016-00003592-00003870 massive covet vaccine operation
Aonvvx3dU3g-00017-00003871-00004206 called operation warp speed
Aonvvx3dU3g-00018-00004207-00004479 so set your phasers to heal as we hunt
Aonvvx3dU3g-00019-00004480-00004663 for the gear
Aonvvx3dU3g-00020-00004664-00004935 first the basic question what is
Aonvvx3dU3g-00021-00004936-00005135 operation warp speed
Aonvvx3dU3g-00022-00005136-00005327 well it's a program of government
Aonvvx3dU3g-00023-00005328-00005551 contracts with private businesses
Aonvvx3dU3g-00024-00005552-00005838 designed to secure pharmaceuticals such
Aonvvx3dU3g-00025-00005839-00005959 as therapeutics
Aonvvx3dU3g-00026-00005960-00006295 and a vaccine now that may sound super
Aonvvx3dU3g-00027-00006296-00006463 dry for something called
Aonvvx3dU3g-00028-00006464-00006814 operation warp speed but i might not be
Aonvvx3dU3g-00029-00006815-00007006 making a video about it if it was
Aonvvx3dU3g-00030-00007008-00007198 operation let's sign a bunch of
Aonvvx3dU3g-00031-00007200-00007327 contracts with big
Aonvvx3dU3g-00032-00007328-00007623 pharma once you scrape back that initial
Aonvvx3dU3g-00033-00007623-00007695 layer of
Aonvvx3dU3g-00034-00007695-00007998 meh though it gets pretty interesting
Aonvvx3dU3g-00035-00008000-00008134 pretty fast
Aonvvx3dU3g-00036-00008136-00008383 and not in the oh the president just
Aonvvx3dU3g-00037-00008384-00008631 retweeted another q a on conspiracy
Aonvvx3dU3g-00038-00008632-00008951 theory type of interesting the biggest
Aonvvx3dU3g-00039-00008952-00009110 innovation in this program is that
Aonvvx3dU3g-00040-00009111-00009342 america is contracting pharmaceutical
Aonvvx3dU3g-00041-00009343-00009574 companies to start manufacturing massive
Aonvvx3dU3g-00042-00009575-00009751 batches of potential vaccines while
Aonvvx3dU3g-00043-00009752-00009919 they're still being tested
Aonvvx3dU3g-00044-00009920-00010119 we're talking about hundreds of millions
Aonvvx3dU3g-00045-00010120-00010367 of doses being prefabricated from some
Aonvvx3dU3g-00046-00010368-00010559 of our favorite companies
Aonvvx3dU3g-00047-00010560-00010927 like pfizer and moderna this has the
Aonvvx3dU3g-00048-00010928-00011151 risk of americans spending billions on
Aonvvx3dU3g-00049-00011152-00011383 manufacturing millions of defective
Aonvvx3dU3g-00050-00011384-00011510 vaccines
Aonvvx3dU3g-00051-00011511-00011719 but it also means that if an american
Aonvvx3dU3g-00052-00011720-00011983 company strikes gold and the trials work
Aonvvx3dU3g-00053-00011984-00012310 we have a ton of vaccines on standby
Aonvvx3dU3g-00054-00012311-00012510 simply put the biggest payoff for
Aonvvx3dU3g-00055-00012511-00012742 operation warp speed could be the rapid
Aonvvx3dU3g-00056-00012743-00012799 deployment
Aonvvx3dU3g-00057-00012800-00013063 of a vaccine once it is approved the
Aonvvx3dU3g-00058-00013063-00013279 upfront investment for drug companies to
Aonvvx3dU3g-00059-00013280-00013511 produce vaccine doses without knowing
Aonvvx3dU3g-00060-00013512-00013703 whether they will ever be used
Aonvvx3dU3g-00061-00013704-00013903 is the kind of thing that the federal
Aonvvx3dU3g-00062-00013904-00014199 government is best positioned to do
Aonvvx3dU3g-00063-00014200-00014455 don't worry we could probably unload
Aonvvx3dU3g-00064-00014456-00014711 some of those defunct vaccines on alex
Aonvvx3dU3g-00065-00014712-00014799 jones
Aonvvx3dU3g-00066-00014800-00015099 once he sells through his backlog of
Aonvvx3dU3g-00067-00015100-00015271 hydroxychloroquine
Aonvvx3dU3g-00068-00015272-00015494 unfortunately for president trump warp
Aonvvx3dU3g-00069-00015495-00015607 speed might not be
Aonvvx3dU3g-00070-00015608-00015886 fast enough medical consensus seems to
Aonvvx3dU3g-00071-00015887-00016094 be that the fda will approve a vaccine
Aonvvx3dU3g-00072-00016095-00016135 in
Aonvvx3dU3g-00073-00016136-00016415 best case scenario february but more
Aonvvx3dU3g-00074-00016416-00016471 likely
Aonvvx3dU3g-00075-00016472-00016727 between that time and the end of summer
Aonvvx3dU3g-00076-00016728-00016935 and let me just crunch those numbers
Aonvvx3dU3g-00077-00016936-00017230 really quickly
Aonvvx3dU3g-00078-00017231-00017511 that's more than 10 days away so it
Aonvvx3dU3g-00079-00017512-00017735 might not literally be warp speed
Aonvvx3dU3g-00080-00017736-00017983 but the record for fastest vaccine up to
Aonvvx3dU3g-00081-00017984-00018239 this point after initial infection is 4
Aonvvx3dU3g-00082-00018240-00018527 years so if we can pull this off that's
Aonvvx3dU3g-00083-00018528-00018735 a guinness record i wouldn't mind
Aonvvx3dU3g-00084-00018736-00018855 shattering
Aonvvx3dU3g-00085-00018856-00019111 this brings us to part two of warp speed
Aonvvx3dU3g-00086-00019112-00019271 distribution
Aonvvx3dU3g-00087-00019272-00019486 once this thing gets approved we have to
Aonvvx3dU3g-00088-00019487-00019630 get it moving
Aonvvx3dU3g-00089-00019631-00019830 the cdc recently announced that they're
Aonvvx3dU3g-00090-00019831-00020055 contracting out central distribution to
Aonvvx3dU3g-00091-00020056-00020150 mckesson
Aonvvx3dU3g-00092-00020151-00020350 who were in charge of distributing the
Aonvvx3dU3g-00093-00020351-00020550 h1n1 vaccine
Aonvvx3dU3g-00094-00020551-00020855 remember h1n1 me neither so they
Aonvvx3dU3g-00095-00020856-00021086 probably did a pretty good job
Aonvvx3dU3g-00096-00021087-00021294 from that hub they're alerting state
Aonvvx3dU3g-00097-00021295-00021558 local and tribal health departments that
Aonvvx3dU3g-00098-00021559-00021775 hey a huge shipment of vaccines is
Aonvvx3dU3g-00099-00021776-00021903 coming so
Aonvvx3dU3g-00100-00021904-00022207 uh get ready i suspect they're probably
Aonvvx3dU3g-00101-00022208-00022391 gonna be in demand
Aonvvx3dU3g-00102-00022392-00022614 so that's the plan and no you didn't
Aonvvx3dU3g-00103-00022615-00022703 miss anything
Aonvvx3dU3g-00104-00022704-00022975 it's pretty exciting and competently put
Aonvvx3dU3g-00105-00022976-00023086 together
Aonvvx3dU3g-00106-00023087-00023358 of course it isn't without its criticism
Aonvvx3dU3g-00107-00023359-00023455 now before i get
Aonvvx3dU3g-00108-00023456-00023678 into the criticism there is one huge
Aonvvx3dU3g-00109-00023679-00023863 point that i want to emphasize
Aonvvx3dU3g-00110-00023864-00024158 to quote vox a fairly left-leaning news
Aonvvx3dU3g-00111-00024159-00024230 source
Aonvvx3dU3g-00112-00024231-00024455 warp speed's problems are more in its
Aonvvx3dU3g-00113-00024456-00024678 execution than its conception
Aonvvx3dU3g-00114-00024679-00024903 in the end the united states will likely
Aonvvx3dU3g-00115-00024904-00025071 be better off because the trump
Aonvvx3dU3g-00116-00025072-00025263 administration threw money at this
Aonvvx3dU3g-00117-00025264-00025358 problem
Aonvvx3dU3g-00118-00025359-00025558 but it could have gone better if the
Aonvvx3dU3g-00119-00025559-00025862 president had gotten out of his own way
Aonvvx3dU3g-00120-00025863-00026070 critics on both sides seem to be giving
Aonvvx3dU3g-00121-00026072-00026414 this program the polite golf clap
Aonvvx3dU3g-00122-00026416-00026623 the criticisms i'm going to be pointing
Aonvvx3dU3g-00123-00026624-00026743 out are
Aonvvx3dU3g-00124-00026744-00027095 more trump-based than operations based
Aonvvx3dU3g-00125-00027095-00027262 now there are two major points of
Aonvvx3dU3g-00126-00027263-00027431 contention first
Aonvvx3dU3g-00127-00027432-00027614 you can lead a horse to water but you
Aonvvx3dU3g-00128-00027616-00027790 can't make him drink it
Aonvvx3dU3g-00129-00027791-00028007 well in this case individual states can
Aonvvx3dU3g-00130-00028008-00028279 do mandatory vaccines but the latest hot
Aonvvx3dU3g-00131-00028280-00028495 spots in the united states bring a new
Aonvvx3dU3g-00132-00028495-00028607 meaning to the term
Aonvvx3dU3g-00133-00028608-00029023 red state good luck messing with texas
Aonvvx3dU3g-00134-00029024-00029318 so what's the problem here well it's
Aonvvx3dU3g-00135-00029319-00029479 kind of the trump factor
Aonvvx3dU3g-00136-00029480-00029687 people just don't trust that guy and the
Aonvvx3dU3g-00137-00029688-00029823 vaccine rush has been
Aonvvx3dU3g-00138-00029824-00030062 so politicized it's hard to tell those
Aonvvx3dU3g-00139-00030063-00030358 skeptics that their fears are unfounded
Aonvvx3dU3g-00140-00030360-00030567 even if everything works perfectly and
Aonvvx3dU3g-00141-00030568-00030767 we have an effective vaccine delivered
Aonvvx3dU3g-00142-00030768-00030902 across the country
Aonvvx3dU3g-00143-00030903-00031255 49 of americans are on the record saying
Aonvvx3dU3g-00144-00031256-00031414 that they won't take it
Aonvvx3dU3g-00145-00031416-00031655 and that number is heading firmly in the
Aonvvx3dU3g-00146-00031656-00031846 wrong direction
Aonvvx3dU3g-00147-00031847-00032127 the concern is ironically the biggest
Aonvvx3dU3g-00148-00032127-00032335 selling points of operation warp speed
Aonvvx3dU3g-00149-00032336-00032479 in the first place
Aonvvx3dU3g-00150-00032480-00032758 speed skeptics appear to believe that a
Aonvvx3dU3g-00151-00032760-00032959 vaccine will be pushed to market before
Aonvvx3dU3g-00152-00032960-00033183 it's fully understood
Aonvvx3dU3g-00153-00033184-00033407 the most obvious examples of this have
Aonvvx3dU3g-00154-00033408-00033615 been instances of drug companies
Aonvvx3dU3g-00155-00033616-00033823 ignoring the fact that early trials were
Aonvvx3dU3g-00156-00033824-00034031 not including enough minorities
Aonvvx3dU3g-00157-00034032-00034262 because those companies had a need a
Aonvvx3dU3g-00158-00034263-00034455 need for speed
Aonvvx3dU3g-00159-00034456-00034607 don't worry though the president was
Aonvvx3dU3g-00160-00034608-00034823 there to reassure the people by trying
Aonvvx3dU3g-00161-00034824-00035039 to block new govid vaccination
Aonvvx3dU3g-00162-00035040-00035199 guidelines that would be the final
Aonvvx3dU3g-00163-00035200-00035415 nail in the coffin of guaranteeing that
Aonvvx3dU3g-00164-00035416-00035630 he couldn't buzzer shot a vaccine right
Aonvvx3dU3g-00165-00035631-00035815 before the election
Aonvvx3dU3g-00166-00035816-00036055 ironically enough those new regulations
Aonvvx3dU3g-00167-00036056-00036183 were put in place
Aonvvx3dU3g-00168-00036184-00036367 citing the need to give this vaccine
Aonvvx3dU3g-00169-00036368-00036671 some much-needed street grid
Aonvvx3dU3g-00170-00036672-00036895 now this skepticism certainly isn't an
Aonvvx3dU3g-00171-00036896-00037079 insurmountable problem
Aonvvx3dU3g-00172-00037080-00037302 but it definitely puts the brakes on
Aonvvx3dU3g-00173-00037303-00037455 warp speed
Aonvvx3dU3g-00174-00037456-00037718 to that effect the west coast and nevada
Aonvvx3dU3g-00175-00037719-00037911 have all announced that they're going to
Aonvvx3dU3g-00176-00037912-00038159 independently dip their fingers into the
Aonvvx3dU3g-00177-00038160-00038230 vaccine
Aonvvx3dU3g-00178-00038231-00038446 secret sauce look at some of the
Aonvvx3dU3g-00179-00038447-00038574 clinical trials
Aonvvx3dU3g-00180-00038575-00038759 and see if they think it's good enough
Aonvvx3dU3g-00181-00038760-00038902 to distribute in their
Aonvvx3dU3g-00182-00038903-00039287 states the other criticism of this warp
Aonvvx3dU3g-00183-00039288-00039351 speed
Aonvvx3dU3g-00184-00039352-00039590 is based on the idea of vaccine
Aonvvx3dU3g-00185-00039591-00039743 nationalism
Aonvvx3dU3g-00186-00039744-00039927 remember we're talking about a
Aonvvx3dU3g-00187-00039928-00040118 public-private partnership
Aonvvx3dU3g-00188-00040119-00040423 so definitely not a charity if you're a
Aonvvx3dU3g-00189-00040424-00040511 poor country
Aonvvx3dU3g-00190-00040512-00040718 get in line and hope you have the dough
Aonvvx3dU3g-00191-00040719-00040918 when you get to the window
Aonvvx3dU3g-00192-00040919-00041135 these american pharmaceutical companies
Aonvvx3dU3g-00193-00041136-00041423 are already experiencing a huge influx
Aonvvx3dU3g-00194-00041424-00041599 of international cash for these
Aonvvx3dU3g-00195-00041600-00041799 potential vaccines
Aonvvx3dU3g-00196-00041800-00042030 according to medical publication stat
Aonvvx3dU3g-00197-00042031-00042102 news
Aonvvx3dU3g-00198-00042103-00042311 and placing itself at the front of the
Aonvvx3dU3g-00199-00042312-00042558 line to receive vaccine doses from the
Aonvvx3dU3g-00200-00042559-00042639 operation
Aonvvx3dU3g-00201-00042640-00042935 warp speed manufacturers the united
Aonvvx3dU3g-00202-00042936-00043079 states has ignited a
Aonvvx3dU3g-00203-00043080-00043415 vaccine nationalism wildfire which
Aonvvx3dU3g-00204-00043416-00043711 is reaching conflagrations status
Aonvvx3dU3g-00205-00043712-00043902 wealthy governments have locked down
Aonvvx3dU3g-00206-00043903-00043999 more than 4
Aonvvx3dU3g-00207-00044000-00044287 billion doses of vaccines so far with
Aonvvx3dU3g-00208-00044288-00044527 the united states topping the list with
Aonvvx3dU3g-00209-00044528-00044783 commitments for 800 million initial
Aonvvx3dU3g-00210-00044784-00044862 doses
Aonvvx3dU3g-00211-00044863-00045127 and options for another 1.6 billion
Aonvvx3dU3g-00212-00045128-00045183 doses
Aonvvx3dU3g-00213-00045184-00045462 on top of that new bilateral purchase
Aonvvx3dU3g-00214-00045463-00045639 agreements are announced almost
Aonvvx3dU3g-00215-00045640-00045927 daily just when you thought american
Aonvvx3dU3g-00216-00045928-00046230 pharma companies couldn't get any richer
Aonvvx3dU3g-00217-00046231-00046423 now america ordering more than
Aonvvx3dU3g-00218-00046424-00046711 potentially 2 billion doses of a vaccine
Aonvvx3dU3g-00219-00046712-00046783 might sound
Aonvvx3dU3g-00220-00046784-00047055 odd considering our population is 300
Aonvvx3dU3g-00221-00047056-00047190 million people
Aonvvx3dU3g-00222-00047191-00047543 we want to be super immune fact is
Aonvvx3dU3g-00223-00047544-00047679 though there are quite a few
Aonvvx3dU3g-00224-00047680-00047886 different pharma companies racing to
Aonvvx3dU3g-00225-00047887-00048062 come up with this vaccine
Aonvvx3dU3g-00226-00048063-00048295 and we're pre-ordering from all of them
Aonvvx3dU3g-00227-00048296-00048407 so we have enough for
Aonvvx3dU3g-00228-00048408-00048655 everyone when the best one gets fda
Aonvvx3dU3g-00229-00048656-00048783 approval
Aonvvx3dU3g-00230-00048784-00049007 of course not everyone is happy about
Aonvvx3dU3g-00231-00049008-00049086 this super
Aonvvx3dU3g-00232-00049087-00049335 capitalist arrangement let's get the
Aonvvx3dU3g-00233-00049336-00049574 rich countries on the lifeboats first
Aonvvx3dU3g-00234-00049575-00049815 women and children hope your government
Aonvvx3dU3g-00235-00049816-00049886 has deep
Aonvvx3dU3g-00236-00049887-00050199 pockets the majority of the criticism
Aonvvx3dU3g-00237-00050200-00050486 comes from the world health organization
Aonvvx3dU3g-00238-00050487-00050718 a group that has about as much influence
Aonvvx3dU3g-00239-00050719-00050879 on trump's policies as
Aonvvx3dU3g-00240-00050880-00051183 joe biden's twitter feed they argue that
Aonvvx3dU3g-00241-00051184-00051342 the initial vaccines
Aonvvx3dU3g-00242-00051344-00051607 should be shared across all nations to
Aonvvx3dU3g-00243-00051608-00051790 protect health workers
Aonvvx3dU3g-00244-00051791-00052007 in response an anonymous trump
Aonvvx3dU3g-00245-00052008-00052223 administration official argued
Aonvvx3dU3g-00246-00052224-00052535 we want to get our oxygen mask on first
Aonvvx3dU3g-00247-00052536-00052735 and then we're going to help the people
Aonvvx3dU3g-00248-00052736-00052879 around us
Aonvvx3dU3g-00249-00052879-00053054 that's the closest you're ever going to
Aonvvx3dU3g-00250-00053055-00053230 come to this administration
Aonvvx3dU3g-00251-00053232-00053559 advocating mask use and yes
Aonvvx3dU3g-00252-00053560-00053838 we're taking the america first buyer's
Aonvvx3dU3g-00253-00053839-00053887 second
Aonvvx3dU3g-00254-00053888-00054191 approach to vaccine distribution with
Aonvvx3dU3g-00255-00054191-00054303 all this in mind
Aonvvx3dU3g-00256-00054304-00054526 a recent comment by the white house
Aonvvx3dU3g-00257-00054527-00054742 chief of staff makes a lot more
Aonvvx3dU3g-00258-00054744-00055030 sense we're not going to control the
Aonvvx3dU3g-00259-00055032-00055215 pandemic we are going to control the
Aonvvx3dU3g-00260-00055216-00055311 fact that we
Aonvvx3dU3g-00261-00055312-00055630 get uh vaccines therapeutics yup
Aonvvx3dU3g-00262-00055632-00055830 now the name of the game is survive
Aonvvx3dU3g-00263-00055832-00056030 until we have a vaccine
Aonvvx3dU3g-00264-00056032-00056223 the federales certainly aren't going to
Aonvvx3dU3g-00265-00056224-00056494 lend a helping hand between now and then
Aonvvx3dU3g-00266-00056495-00056742 until that undetermined date your safety
Aonvvx3dU3g-00267-00056744-00056999 is between you and your state
Aonvvx3dU3g-00268-00057000-00057238 now there has been next to no coverage
Aonvvx3dU3g-00269-00057239-00057482 of the actual federal government's coven
Aonvvx3dU3g-00270-00057483-00057687 strategies and i gotta tell you
Aonvvx3dU3g-00271-00057688-00057903 personally it's a bit of a relief to see
Aonvvx3dU3g-00272-00057904-00058071 that someone is doing something
Aonvvx3dU3g-00273-00058072-00058171 effective and
Aonvvx3dU3g-00274-00058172-00058463 uncontroversial as a guy who lives in
Aonvvx3dU3g-00275-00058464-00058687 the hardest hit part of queens
Aonvvx3dU3g-00276-00058688-00058999 i really hope this works and
Aonvvx3dU3g-00277-00059000-00059238 hey if we have a vaccine by february
Aonvvx3dU3g-00278-00059239-00059471 it'll be just in time for me to leave my
Aonvvx3dU3g-00279-00059472-00059638 apartment and enjoy the
Aonvvx3dU3g-00280-00059639-00059911 famously pleasant new york city dead of
Aonvvx3dU3g-00281-00059912-00060023 winter
Aonvvx3dU3g-00282-00060024-00060191 thank you and that's all i have to say
Aonvvx3dU3g-00283-00060191-00060438 about that hello youtube
Aonvvx3dU3g-00284-00060439-00060615 i'd like to thank my patrons here for
Aonvvx3dU3g-00285-00060616-00060806 helping me put out my videos
Aonvvx3dU3g-00286-00060807-00060959 if you want to support independent
Aonvvx3dU3g-00287-00060960-00061159 non-partisan news looking into the
Aonvvx3dU3g-00288-00061160-00061247 overlooked
Aonvvx3dU3g-00289-00061248-00061454 join this growing list of exceptional
Aonvvx3dU3g-00290-00061455-00061647 individuals by clicking on that link in
Aonvvx3dU3g-00291-00061648-00061879 the description also remember to
Aonvvx3dU3g-00292-00061879-00062087 subscribe and ring that bell so that
Aonvvx3dU3g-00293-00062088-00062271 freedom will continue to ring
Aonvvx3dU3g-00294-00062272-00062438 give me a thumbs up if you like what you
Aonvvx3dU3g-00295-00062439-00062638 saw and lastly as always
Aonvvx3dU3g-00296-00062639-00062983 thank you for watching
A2idZaSfCcM-00000-00000003-00001223 hi everybody today we're making what are
A2idZaSfCcM-00001-00001224-00001333 we making today
A2idZaSfCcM-00002-00001334-00001841 tiny pink an American pancake so for
A2idZaSfCcM-00003-00001842-00002190 today's recipe we are going to need
A2idZaSfCcM-00004-00002191-00002784 [Music]
A2idZaSfCcM-00005-00002785-00003910 sugar just taken powder you're gonna mix
A2idZaSfCcM-00006-00003911-00004220 everything well
A2idZaSfCcM-00007-00004221-00007013 [Music]
A2idZaSfCcM-00008-00007014-00007495 for the next step we are going to need
A2idZaSfCcM-00009-00007495-00008485 milk and butter we can mix them together
A2idZaSfCcM-00010-00008486-00010177 we are separating the egg
A2idZaSfCcM-00011-00010178-00010651 you
A2idZaSfCcM-00012-00010652-00011102 we're gonna mix the white until the
A2idZaSfCcM-00013-00011103-00012056 stiff peaks form I'm going to put a
A2idZaSfCcM-00014-00012057-00012464 little uncle mala
A2idZaSfCcM-00015-00012465-00012947 okay you do that doing hell no
A2idZaSfCcM-00016-00012949-00014874 [Music]
A2idZaSfCcM-00017-00014875-00016164 my mom is mixing damn suit mom one the
A2idZaSfCcM-00018-00016165-00016333 softest world
A2idZaSfCcM-00019-00016334-00016803 I don't want that was so softy
A2idZaSfCcM-00020-00016804-00017969 [Music]
A2idZaSfCcM-00021-00017970-00018250 now we are going to incorporate the egg
A2idZaSfCcM-00022-00018251-00018584 whites into our batter
A2idZaSfCcM-00023-00018585-00020707 [Music]
A2idZaSfCcM-00024-00020708-00020941 now we're going to leave the composition
A2idZaSfCcM-00025-00020942-00021957 to rest for about 3-4 88 10 minutes
A2idZaSfCcM-00026-00021958-00023092 who's ready for pie cake we good I work
A2idZaSfCcM-00027-00023093-00023265 in mm-hmm
A2idZaSfCcM-00028-00023266-00023599 yummy enjoy
A2idZaSfCcM-00029-00023600-00024088 Bon Appetit funny Marty thank you for
A2idZaSfCcM-00030-00024089-00024367 watching bill for lessons
A2idZaSfCcM-00031-00024368-00024551 bye
A2idZaSfCcM-00032-00024552-00025166 [Music]
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00000-00000263-00000519 hello good evening welcome to another
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00001-00000520-00000638 free
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00002-00000639-00001798 online english class from me matt berlin
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00003-00001800-00002014 thanks for joining me this evening
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00004-00002016-00002142 um
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00005-00002143-00002279 my name is mark berlin from
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00006-00002280-00002502 berlintraining.com
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00007-00002503-00002734 and i'm here to talk about one of our
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00008-00002735-00002918 free
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00009-00002919-00003238 uh downloadable books that you can get
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00010-00003239-00003679 from perlintraining.com
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00011-00003679-00003863 and it's called
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00012-00003864-00004254 talk a lot elementary book one
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00013-00004255-00004759 so we look at it here i'm just going to
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00014-00004760-00005886 check this video it's working
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00015-00005887-00007083 okay that's
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00016-00007084-00007646 fine okay
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00017-00007647-00007823 well i'll show you how you can get it
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00018-00007823-00007998 first of all guys you need to go to the
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00019-00008000-00008167 website
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00020-00008168-00009023 it is at berlintraining.com
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00021-00009024-00009287 okay so you go to the website
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00022-00009288-00009583 click on the link on the top top line is
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00023-00009584-00010167 free books
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00024-00010168-00010359 free books download
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00025-00010360-00010783 26 free books actually 27 now
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00026-00010784-00011023 and you can download them in one
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00027-00011024-00011246 one download if you want
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00028-00011247-00011455 that's here but if you want to download
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00029-00011456-00011614 them individually
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00030-00011615-00011846 and choose which ones you get
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00031-00011847-00012078 then you can do it here
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00032-00012079-00012414 just scroll down a little bit
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00033-00012415-00012606 and you can see talk a lot
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00034-00012607-00012815 elementary book one there's also book
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00035-00012816-00013079 two which is very similar
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00036-00013080-00013247 along the same
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00037-00013247-00013447 lines as it were
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00038-00013447-00013686 book three is is a bit different but
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00039-00013687-00013807 it's uh
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00040-00013808-00014191 maybe a little bit higher in level
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00041-00014191-00014422 the stockholder elementary handbook the
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00042-00014423-00014703 stocklot foundation course
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00043-00014704-00015007 intermediate book one and book two so
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00044-00015008-00015294 there's a lot of talk a lot books
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00045-00015295-00015630 uh out there which you can download for
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00046-00015631-00016015 free and in the public domain
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00047-00016016-00016271 so that means you can even use them
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00048-00016272-00016407 commercially
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00049-00016408-00016647 if you want you can print out copies of
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00050-00016648-00016807 the book
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00051-00016808-00017071 put together make some books and sell
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00052-00017072-00017383 them the market or in a shop
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00053-00017384-00017615 wherever you want you know you can adapt
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00054-00017616-00017735 the books
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00055-00017736-00018047 you can download them as word documents
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00056-00018048-00018199 as well
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00057-00018200-00018455 which means you can find them and edit
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00058-00018456-00018535 them
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00059-00018536-00018750 take out what you don't like
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00060-00018751-00018983 add something which you do like
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00061-00018984-00019311 add some pictures or photos
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00062-00019312-00019575 you know the world is your oyster
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00063-00019576-00019694 with
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00064-00019695-00019855 berlin training
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00065-00019856-00020007 materials
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00066-00020008-00020294 free and public domain
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00067-00020295-00020511 and a lot of books here but we're
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00068-00020512-00020663 focusing on
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00069-00020664-00021967 book one let's have a look at it
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00070-00021968-00022471 okay
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00071-00022472-00022711 so let's have a look docolot elementary
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00072-00022712-00023039 book one by matpuran that's me by the
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00073-00023040-00023119 way
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00074-00023120-00023391 is the complete spoken english course
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00075-00023392-00023622 for elementary level students of english
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00076-00023623-00023911 and esol download it today
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00077-00023912-00024271 and learn english for free
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00078-00024272-00024655 so it's a complete course with 10 units
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00079-00024656-00024799 in that
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00080-00024800-00024919 features
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00081-00024920-00025022 featuring
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00082-00025023-00025463 brand new and unique learning method
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00083-00025464-00025718 anyway you can read it yourself this bit
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00084-00025719-00025911 photocopyable
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00085-00025912-00026087 100
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00086-00026088-00026351 you can photocopy it all of it if you
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00087-00026352-00026495 want
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00088-00026495-00027039 your hearts content
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00089-00027039-00027302 how can i get this book you must be
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00090-00027304-00027495 asking yourself now
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00091-00027495-00027767 well there are no strings attached you
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00092-00027768-00028095 don't have to send me your email address
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00093-00028095-00028318 like some books
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00094-00028319-00028543 free stuff is asking you don't need to
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00095-00028544-00028727 sign up you don't need to be on the
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00096-00028727-00028935 mailing list you don't need to
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00097-00028936-00029311 do anything just click the link here
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00098-00029312-00029527 or
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00099-00029527-00029751 you can see the cover of the book now
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00100-00029752-00029958 you can click the download is here as
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00101-00029960-00030279 well this does the same thing
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00102-00030280-00030655 if you're on mobile
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00103-00030656-00030887 then you should click the link above
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00104-00030888-00031199 really we're going to click that now
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00105-00031200-00031495 and let's talk a lot
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00106-00031495-00031927 spoken english course
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00107-00031927-00032174 this is one of my favorite books
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00108-00032175-00032390 one of the what i think one of the best
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00109-00032391-00032590 books that i've written it really was a
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00110-00032591-00032783 start of something
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00111-00032784-00032927 exciting
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00112-00032928-00033023 um
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00113-00033024-00033271 as well as being a writer of materials
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00114-00033272-00033518 i'm a full-time english teacher
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00115-00033519-00033711 that's how i've made my
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00116-00033712-00033862 money
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00117-00033863-00034127 over the years for about 20 years or
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00118-00034128-00034359 nearly 20 years
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00119-00034360-00034671 by teaching not from writing books
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00120-00034672-00034846 but by teaching
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00121-00034847-00035055 and but i always need some
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00122-00035056-00035327 new materials
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00123-00035328-00035487 and so i
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00124-00035488-00035630 often write
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00125-00035631-00035823 those materials
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00126-00035824-00036143 and i started writing this one
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00127-00036144-00036399 talk a lot and really it came from the
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00128-00036400-00036623 work that i was doing i was working in
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00129-00036624-00036879 poland
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00130-00036880-00037055 and it's really in a small village
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00131-00037056-00037407 setting with students and i had long
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00132-00037408-00037735 lessons with them
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00133-00037736-00037935 about two hours i think more than two
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00134-00037936-00038046 hours
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00135-00038047-00038230 in one session
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00136-00038231-00038718 well maybe two and a half or 250 even
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00137-00038719-00038927 and
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00138-00038928-00039159 it was extraordinary so i needed some
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00139-00039160-00039343 materials that would
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00140-00039344-00039799 really spread out and last for that time
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00141-00039800-00040015 i'm going to put the link in the in
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00142-00040016-00040262 facebook chat
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00143-00040263-00040630 that's why i remember
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00144-00040631-00040759 yeah
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00145-00040760-00041543 one moment so in the comments here
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00146-00041544-00041718 okay now you can get it if you want
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00147-00041719-00041958 straight away
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00148-00041959-00043084 jump in and get it
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00149-00043085-00043430 [Music]
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00150-00043431-00043974 okay
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00151-00043975-00044335 oh we've gone a bit funny
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00152-00044336-00044543 okay it's gonna it's gone back to normal
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00153-00044544-00045639 now don't worry
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00154-00045640-00045830 so this is talk about book 1 there's an
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00155-00045831-00046007 introduction
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00156-00046008-00046287 here how to use the course
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00157-00046288-00046518 of course outline lesson outline it's a
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00158-00046519-00046823 serious course you know this is 10
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00159-00046824-00047118 10 lessons or 10 units
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00160-00047119-00047383 you could do over 10 weeks or over any
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00161-00047384-00047558 number of weeks
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00162-00047559-00048023 that you decide
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00163-00048024-00048351 there's
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00164-00048352-00048543 there are all sorts of things here that
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00165-00048544-00048774 tells you how to do the
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00166-00048775-00048958 some of the activities and know how to
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00167-00048959-00049158 do all the activities
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00168-00049159-00049343 and then let's split up into the
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00169-00049344-00049799 activities so we've got sentence blogs
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00170-00049800-00050079 discussion questions
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00171-00050080-00050423 which i think is self-explanatory
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00172-00050424-00050574 role plays
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00173-00050575-00050815 which i'm sure you know about
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00174-00050816-00051055 discussion words and question sheets so
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00175-00051056-00051407 i'm going to talk about those a bit more
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00176-00051408-00051790 and vocabulary tests
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00177-00051791-00051942 the in the second book there are
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00178-00051944-00052142 slightly different activities
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00179-00052144-00052454 in the third book there are a lot more
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00180-00052455-00052719 activities and
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00181-00052720-00053030 different units it's maybe for pre
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00182-00053032-00053271 uh pre-intermediate level
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00183-00053272-00053679 but the high end of elementary level
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00184-00053679-00054063 and lesson tests
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00185-00054064-00054263 there's even an end of course
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00186-00054264-00054630 examination there answers are provided
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00187-00054632-00054887 so everything is in this book everything
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00188-00054888-00054975 is
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00189-00054976-00055094 provided
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00190-00055095-00055319 i'm going to move to the
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00191-00055320-00055566 the hard copy that i've got on my
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00192-00055567-00055966 desktop
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00193-00055967-00056215 this is really great a really great book
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00194-00056216-00056703 sorry but i say i have to say it myself
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00195-00056704-00056926 lots of people have have given me
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00196-00056927-00057150 feedback about it
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00197-00057151-00057494 which was positive i have to say
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00198-00057495-00057703 but this is from my point of view i've
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00199-00057704-00057894 used it so many times
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00200-00057895-00058166 i've used it time and time again with my
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00201-00058167-00058342 students
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00202-00058344-00058671 over the years
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00203-00058672-00058911 and it never lets me down the activities
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00204-00058912-00059119 are long
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00205-00059120-00059550 but interesting and useful very useful
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00206-00059551-00059775 let's just start with the sentence
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00207-00059776-00060063 blocks
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00208-00060064-00060271 this is an activity that we teach to
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00209-00060272-00060494 students
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00210-00060495-00060679 or students have to learn
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00211-00060679-00060975 on this course
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00212-00060976-00061166 oh now i can see who's what you're sorry
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00213-00061167-00061415 yes welcome gurpreet
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00214-00061416-00061799 hi that's great diana is here piotr
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00215-00061800-00062142 is watching and angelica
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00216-00062144-00062415 nice did i say it correctly
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00217-00062416-00062719 nice to see you thank you for joining me
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00218-00062720-00062942 sentence blocks is wonderful activity
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00219-00062944-00063135 students do it in pairs
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00220-00063136-00063382 one of them says the first line
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00221-00063383-00063638 then the next one says the second line
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00222-00063639-00063830 then the third and fourth
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00223-00063832-00064247 fifth six it keeps going
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00224-00064248-00064615 for example
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00225-00064616-00064879 peter walks two kilometers to his office
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00226-00064879-00064999 every day
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00227-00065000-00065294 elicit the question who
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00228-00065295-00065526 who walks two kilometers to his office
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00229-00065527-00065638 every day
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00230-00065639-00066406 peter does does peter does
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00231-00066407-00066638 yes he does
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00232-00066639-00066735 does
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00233-00066736-00066926 change the who
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00234-00066927-00067079 does
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00235-00067080-00067575 jonathan
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00236-00067576-00067726 no he doesn't
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00237-00067727-00068182 jonathan doesn't walk two kilometers
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00238-00068183-00068647 and so on right sentence blocks
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00239-00068648-00068935 the same with different tenses
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00240-00068936-00069111 of course students can make up their own
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00241-00069112-00069375 sentence blocks
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00242-00069376-00069559 if you've got beginner level you could
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00243-00069560-00070082 make the very easy sentence blogs
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00244-00070083-00070255 like uh
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00245-00070256-00070487 peter walks
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00246-00070488-00070775 uh every day peter walks every day
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00247-00070776-00070926 that's it
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00248-00070927-00071087 who works every day
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00249-00071088-00071326 peter does but they still need to learn
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00250-00071327-00071431 does
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00251-00071432-00071503 in
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00252-00071504-00071919 present simple at beginner level right
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00253-00071920-00072615 does peter walk every day yes he does
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00254-00072616-00072838 you could also make it harder
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00255-00072839-00073126 with harder sentences santis blogs is
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00256-00073127-00073399 one of the activities it's wonderful
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00257-00073400-00073582 there's a lot of information on my
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00258-00073583-00073879 website about about it
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00259-00073880-00074255 how to do it
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00260-00074256-00074479 i'm not going to make a long
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00261-00074480-00074615 uh
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00262-00074616-00074750 i'm not going to do a long lesson
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00263-00074751-00075143 tonight so let's go to the next
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00264-00075144-00075255 why i
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00265-00075256-00075591 got something to do
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00266-00075592-00075959 what have i got to do apart from this
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00267-00075960-00076159 nothing really
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00268-00076160-00076550 but then we come to discussion questions
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00269-00076551-00076671 hand out
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00270-00076672-00076982 photocopy it give it to your students
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00271-00076983-00077150 no eco-friendly
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00272-00077151-00077343 you could show it on the screen
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00273-00077344-00077519 write it on the board
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00274-00077520-00077687 ask your students to write it on the
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00275-00077688-00077775 board
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00276-00077776-00077975 ask the students to write their own
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00277-00077976-00078415 questions on the board about town
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00278-00078416-00078806 yeah let's get them doing the work
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00279-00078807-00079343 do you live in a town or a city
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00280-00079344-00079599 the town the city
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00281-00079600-00079871 tell me more about where you live well i
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00282-00079872-00080094 live in blah blah blah blah blah
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00283-00080095-00080262 speaking activity
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00284-00080263-00080647 20 minutes half an hour
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00285-00080648-00080959 half an hour for the sentence blogs
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00286-00080960-00081206 feedback in the group
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00287-00081207-00081438 you've already done an hour's work can
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00288-00081439-00081719 you see what i mean about the long
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00289-00081720-00082015 filling the time filling the time
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00290-00082016-00082182 feedback from this
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00291-00082183-00082406 you know what are your questions about
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00292-00082407-00082494 town
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00293-00082495-00082615 write down
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00294-00082616-00083047 some questions
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00295-00083048-00083215 check the question make sure they're
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00296-00083216-00083359 correct
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00297-00083360-00083543 error correction that's another 15
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00298-00083544-00083711 minutes gone
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00299-00083712-00084079 you know your 90 minutes is nearly up
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00300-00084080-00084382 maybe some games as well and it's over
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00301-00084383-00084543 the lessons over
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00302-00084544-00084855 we haven't done everything
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00303-00084856-00085159 but it could be twice a week why not 90
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00304-00085160-00085287 minutes
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00305-00085288-00085575 twice a week i love it working with this
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00306-00085576-00085662 book
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00307-00085663-00085982 with this course talk a lot book two
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00308-00085983-00086206 elementary book two it's the same kind
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00309-00086207-00086423 of thing
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00310-00086424-00086671 different units
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00311-00086672-00086871 role plays maybe a bit
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00312-00086872-00087343 bit harder
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00313-00087344-00087879 um excuse me where's the train station
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00314-00087880-00088135 a foreign tourist stops to ask you to
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00315-00088136-00088223 ask
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00316-00088224-00088423 stop you to ask for directions to the
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00317-00088424-00088638 train station they don't speak english
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00318-00088639-00088887 very well
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00319-00088888-00089303 give direct ask for directions
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00320-00089304-00089511 um
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00321-00089512-00089743 agree to go you know you don't have to
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00322-00089744-00090038 do this but you could do an activity
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00323-00090039-00090367 based on this story
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00324-00090368-00090623 if you've got beginner level students
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00325-00090624-00090838 then you do something like
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00326-00090839-00091126 eliciting and working with them
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00327-00091127-00091343 to
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00328-00091344-00091447 get the
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00329-00091448-00091559 get the
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00330-00091560-00091862 the grammar together for giving asking
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00331-00091863-00092135 and giving for giving directions asking
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00332-00092136-00092575 for and giving directions right
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00333-00092576-00092855 that's it you just lower your
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00334-00092856-00093071 aim really you just lower what you want
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00335-00093072-00093415 to do your goal
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00336-00093416-00093679 so the role plays here in the second
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00337-00093680-00093767 book
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00338-00093768-00094135 in book two there are information gaps
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00339-00094136-00094855 instead of role plays
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00340-00094856-00095038 role play extensions
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00341-00095039-00095343 more ideas there's loads in this book
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00342-00095344-00095526 it's been used many times it's been
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00343-00095527-00095687 downloaded
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00344-00095688-00095991 i think over a million times
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00345-00095992-00096438 over the years
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00346-00096439-00096750 a lot of a lot of people
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00347-00096751-00097015 you know downloading it maybe you will
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00348-00097016-00097262 download it today i don't know you don't
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00349-00097263-00097518 have to it's up to you
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00350-00097519-00097767 you don't have to
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00351-00097768-00097999 there's no obligation
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00352-00098000-00098767 here no sale nothing for sale
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00353-00098768-00099079 it's free
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00354-00099080-00099343 role plays mood chart i'm feeling now
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00355-00099344-00099543 you could do the role play with a
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00356-00099544-00099711 particular mood
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00357-00099712-00100079 so you may be asking for directions
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00358-00100080-00100447 but you're feeling happy
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00359-00100448-00100750 or you're feeling angry so you do the
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00360-00100751-00100887 role play
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00361-00100888-00101199 with one of these moods in mind
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00362-00101200-00101382 yeah good fun
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00363-00101383-00101918 a lot of fun here we like fun
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00364-00101919-00102087 you know this is the activity that
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00365-00102088-00102282 really takes the time
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00366-00102283-00102663 up um
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00367-00102664-00103047 it's called discussion words
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00368-00103048-00103134 and
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00369-00103135-00103366 the idea here is you print it out
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00370-00103367-00103599 ideally on a piece of card
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00371-00103600-00103863 like a thin piece of card
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00372-00103864-00104039 you cut up the cards
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00373-00104040-00104302 put them on the table face down
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00374-00104303-00104542 with a group or with some a pair of
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00375-00104543-00104823 students or with an individual student
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00376-00104824-00105334 if you're doing an individual lesson
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00377-00105335-00105510 and there's loads of activities you can
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00378-00105511-00105878 do so these are mentioned in the book in
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00379-00105879-00106063 the talk about book what you should do
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00380-00106064-00106175 with them
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00381-00106176-00106454 the idea is to learn vocabulary
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00382-00106455-00106758 one of the ideas is to
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00383-00106759-00107031 every student takes a few cards
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00384-00107032-00107254 and they have to pick a card from their
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00385-00107255-00107502 hand and describe
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00386-00107503-00107678 the thing and the others have to guess
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00387-00107679-00107839 it
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00388-00107840-00108054 simple activity
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00389-00108055-00108358 so it could be queue
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00390-00108359-00108558 and they saying oh it's something
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00391-00108559-00108719 outside the shop
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00392-00108720-00108975 or in a restaurant and you you wait in
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00393-00108976-00109551 line is it q yes it is
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00394-00109552-00109878 thank you so on to the next person
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00395-00109879-00110054 but there are lots of other activities
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00396-00110055-00110239 we can focus on the
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00397-00110240-00110415 the word stress
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00398-00110416-00110663 the stressed vowel sound
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00399-00110664-00110951 you know which words have the same sound
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00400-00110952-00111119 a
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00401-00111120-00111263 sale
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00402-00111264-00111734 scales
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00403-00111735-00112086 anymore
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00404-00112088-00112302 i can't say anymore but you know this
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00405-00112303-00112534 kind of activity which words start with
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00406-00112535-00112775 the consonant letter
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00407-00112776-00113047 which words have a consonant digra for
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00408-00113048-00113407 two consonants together
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00409-00113408-00113758 like sure check out checkout's got sure
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00410-00113759-00113910 and ck
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00411-00113911-00114199 loads of things we can do with these
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00412-00114200-00114319 um
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00413-00114320-00114607 if you've got a say four or five small
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00414-00114608-00114775 groups of students
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00415-00114776-00115078 they each have a set
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00416-00115079-00115383 and you just say okay run to the board
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00417-00115383-00115654 tell me a word starting with t
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00418-00115655-00115966 they run to the board
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00419-00115967-00116071 tail
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00420-00116072-00116399 yes you've got ten points or 100 points
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00421-00116400-00116678 if you're generous or a million points
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00422-00116679-00116902 if you are
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00423-00116903-00117231 you know extravagant
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00424-00117232-00117343 up to you
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00425-00117344-00117702 it's fun but we're learning vocabulary
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00426-00117703-00118007 pounds what does it rhyme with
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00427-00118008-00118247 write it on the board quickly come on
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00428-00118248-00118886 yes sounds could be
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00429-00118888-00118975 anyway
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00430-00118976-00119207 the activities are listed in the on the
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00431-00119208-00119447 next page on the following page
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00432-00119448-00119951 if i remember correctly
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00433-00119952-00120127 there are all sorts of questions for
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00434-00120128-00120431 this activity how many words have one
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00435-00120432-00120743 syllable two syllables
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00436-00120744-00120966 put the words into alphabetical order
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00437-00120967-00121190 you know this takes ages this is a real
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00438-00121191-00121278 time
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00439-00121279-00121502 drain
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00440-00121503-00121671 it takes the time this is what i'm
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00441-00121672-00121958 saying about this course
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00442-00121959-00122239 good for teachers no we don't want to
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00443-00122240-00122463 have loads and loads of
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00444-00122464-00122783 short gap fill exercises in the book
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00445-00122783-00123086 the book
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00446-00123088-00123327 and then teacher finished it teacher i
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00447-00123328-00123502 finished
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00448-00123503-00123710 well good that you're using present
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00449-00123711-00123958 perfect
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00450-00123959-00124143 so it's probably they probably wouldn't
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00451-00124144-00124407 say that at this level
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00452-00124408-00124631 but they might i might be doing a
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00453-00124632-00124878 disservice to them doing them a
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00454-00124879-00125007 disservice
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00455-00125008-00125110 um
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00456-00125111-00125319 but they love it they're all crowded
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00457-00125320-00125478 around you know
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00458-00125479-00125743 no no this goes here no no no no this is
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00459-00125744-00126102 here this one's here this word is here
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00460-00126103-00126486 yeah using determiners this
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00461-00126488-00126599 it's
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00462-00126600-00126799 part of the lesson
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00463-00126800-00127071 anyway loads of stuff for them to do
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00464-00127072-00127263 who scans my products
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00465-00127264-00127607 after i've chosen them
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00466-00127608-00127919 is that look in the words who is it who
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00467-00127920-00128023 is it
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00468-00128024-00128319 cashier yes here
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00469-00128320-00128775 um where can i sit down and have a meal
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00470-00128776-00128983 looking otherwise no they can shout out
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00471-00128983-00129231 they can run to the board
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00472-00129232-00129447 the idea is the speaking course it's not
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00473-00129448-00129702 writing we're not doing the course book
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00474-00129703-00130014 sorry but the course book uh can be done
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00475-00130015-00130271 for homework why not this is a reading
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00476-00130272-00130510 book right
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00477-00130511-00130799 this is something to do at home
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00478-00130800-00130975 on your own
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00479-00130976-00131071 yeah
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00480-00131072-00131254 so i that's what i
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00481-00131255-00131414 believe
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00482-00131415-00131654 anyway what am i given after i've paid
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00483-00131655-00131966 for my shopping change
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00484-00131967-00132127 very good mud
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00485-00132128-00132663 i've done points well done
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00486-00132664-00132943 so there's one set for each
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00487-00132944-00133375 each unit if you like health we've got
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00488-00133376-00133575 transport
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00489-00133576-00133911 family
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00490-00133912-00134151 make a family tree out of these words
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00491-00134152-00134343 now there's loads that we can do i've
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00492-00134344-00134471 done it
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00493-00134472-00134678 so many times with this book and the
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00494-00134679-00134959 second book and the third book
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00495-00134960-00135159 so useful
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00496-00135160-00135543 um we've also got intermediate at two
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00497-00135544-00135743 different books but not so many
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00498-00135744-00135883 intermediate
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00499-00135884-00136327 students right the more more elementary
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00500-00136328-00136775 beginner elementary pre-intermediate
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00501-00136776-00137007 this is useful what else is there to
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00502-00137008-00137278 look at
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00503-00137279-00137463 vocabulary tests
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00504-00137464-00137727 simple tasks you could print out
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00505-00137728-00138014 give them to do in the lesson
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00506-00138015-00138239 at the beginning of the lesson maybe
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00507-00138240-00138583 using the previous week's
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00508-00138584-00139071 words which they've learned of course
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00509-00139072-00139471 write in your first language
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00510-00139472-00139671 you could make it edited
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00511-00139672-00139947 using the word version from
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00512-00139948-00140214 berlintraining.com edit the book and you
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00513-00140215-00140407 could put it in your first language and
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00514-00140408-00140575 they have to write it in english of
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00515-00140576-00140663 course
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00516-00140664-00140966 do it do it your way
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00517-00140967-00141383 as the saying goes the slogan
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00518-00141384-00141711 yeah so we've got the test vocabulary
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00519-00141712-00141895 test lesson test
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00520-00141896-00142447 for each unit
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00521-00142448-00142711 something to do when you finish the unit
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00522-00142712-00142935 maybe spend a whole week or two weeks
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00523-00142936-00143135 working on one unit
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00524-00143136-00143335 bringing stuff from home
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00525-00143336-00143519 the students bring
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00526-00143520-00143799 fruit and vegetables from home and talk
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00527-00143800-00144047 about them show and tell
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00528-00144048-00144343 for example during the food week
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00529-00144344-00144543 food unit
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00530-00144544-00144983 it's up to you what you do really
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00531-00144984-00145599 but you can augment it you can
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00532-00145600-00145878 spin it out as long as you want maybe
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00533-00145879-00146071 two weeks
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00534-00146072-00146295 maybe four sessions four 90-minute
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00535-00146296-00146502 sessions per unit
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00536-00146503-00146702 it's up to you what you do with it but
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00537-00146703-00146839 by the end
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00538-00146840-00147078 they'll be using the sentence blogs
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00539-00147079-00147319 they'll know the vocabulary
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00540-00147320-00147447 they'll be
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00541-00147448-00147678 have done a lot of discussion students
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00542-00147679-00147911 want to speak in the lessons
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00543-00147912-00148166 often they're not allowed they prevented
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00544-00148167-00148375 because they have to do
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00545-00148376-00148695 tasks like reading and
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00546-00148696-00148895 gap fills which
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00547-00148896-00149159 they can do on their own
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00548-00149160-00149359 you know if you're in the class with
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00549-00149360-00149623 with 10 other students or 20
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00550-00149624-00149951 30 or however many
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00551-00149952-00150126 you should be speaking with them not
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00552-00150127-00150366 sitting there silently
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00553-00150367-00150590 working while the teacher drinks a cup
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00554-00150591-00150847 of coffee
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00555-00150848-00151119 and does some marking you know i've been
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00556-00151120-00151375 there i i
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00557-00151376-00151543 say i've done it but i'm not going to
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00558-00151544-00151807 say that i'm not going to admit it
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00559-00151808-00152007 but i've been there of course it's
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00560-00152008-00152239 convenient for us
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00561-00152240-00152439 if the students are
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00562-00152440-00152607 reading their books
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00563-00152608-00152847 for 90 minutes right
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00564-00152848-00153039 verb form practice so
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00565-00153040-00153351 more sentence blocks here
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00566-00153352-00153583 i don't know what else i can tell you
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00567-00153584-00153790 about this book
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00568-00153791-00154319 this end of course exam
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00569-00154320-00154599 you can make your own exam
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00570-00154600-00154847 use the word version
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00571-00154848-00154966 edit it
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00572-00154967-00155214 do what you want with it really
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00573-00155215-00155407 this is really nice book some people
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00574-00155408-00155775 already have been
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00575-00155776-00155983 printing their own version selling them
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00576-00155984-00156295 online on different websites and
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00577-00156296-00156590 so on you can it's a public domain
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00578-00156591-00156814 document it's free
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00579-00156815-00157102 nobody wants any money from you
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00580-00157103-00157390 for this even if you're selling it
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00581-00157391-00157575 down the market
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00582-00157576-00157854 do it do what you want
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00583-00157855-00158207 yeah this is for you this is all for you
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00584-00158208-00158726 it's all for you certificates
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00585-00158727-00159143 uh blanks again edited how you want
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00586-00159144-00159375 just a suggestion
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00587-00159376-00159623 and then we've got answers there
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00588-00159624-00159887 so you can follow you know the sentence
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00589-00159888-00160126 blocks what they should look like
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00590-00160127-00160599 or sound like
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00591-00160600-00160839 what else different answers for the
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00592-00160840-00161407 discussion words
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00593-00161408-00161951 you can also use the sentence block
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00594-00161952-00162087 sentences
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00595-00162088-00162287 to practice
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00596-00162288-00162519 sentence stress and connected speech i
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00597-00162520-00162807 do and i have done and i will do i will
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00598-00162808-00163214 continue to do it if i want to
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00599-00163215-00163343 um
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00600-00163344-00163623 you know here's an example
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00601-00163624-00164007 sentence stress
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00602-00164008-00164511 like peter walks two kilometers
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00603-00164512-00164854 office every day these words have stress
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00604-00164855-00165159 the words in grey do not have stress
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00605-00165160-00165478 so we say them quickly more quickly like
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00606-00165479-00165799 twist twist to his office
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00607-00165800-00166183 whose office every day twist
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00608-00166184-00166359 yeah twist
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00609-00166360-00166559 not two his
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00610-00166560-00166766 two he's
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00611-00166767-00167014 do he's office
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00612-00167015-00167111 no
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00613-00167112-00167471 to his office to his office every day
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00614-00167472-00167711 peter walks two kilometers to his office
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00615-00167712-00168047 every day but where's the stress
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00616-00168048-00168238 kilometers
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00617-00168239-00168375 office
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00618-00168376-00168638 every day
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00619-00168639-00168959 yeah we're waiting patiently for the bus
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00620-00168960-00169359 at the bus stop opposite the church
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00621-00169360-00169583 yeah wonderful
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00622-00169584-00169943 we're we're waiting
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00623-00169944-00170351 we're waiting not we're not we are
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00624-00170352-00170871 we don't stress function words
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00625-00170872-00172078 not
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00626-00172079-00172551 at the bus stop opposite the church
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00627-00172552-00172638 yeah
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00628-00172639-00172878 we don't hear this silly
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00629-00172879-00173102 uh short sounds because we're not
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00630-00173103-00173263 listening for that we're listening for
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00631-00173264-00173351 these
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00632-00173352-00173583 words and the stressed vowel sound every
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00633-00173584-00173726 time
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00634-00173727-00173966 wait page
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00635-00173967-00174071 bus
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00636-00174072-00174311 bus stop church
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00637-00174312-00174535 we're waiting patiently for the bus at
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00638-00174536-00174943 the bus stop opposite the church
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00639-00174944-00175166 now let's do it use it for sentence
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00640-00175167-00175278 stress
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00641-00175279-00175623 do it together with the sentence blocks
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00642-00175624-00175871 so they say it correctly
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00643-00175872-00175975 yeah
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00644-00175976-00176302 we could drive to the lake
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00645-00176303-00176775 and go fishing we could
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00646-00176776-00177007 you don't need any more than that for
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00647-00177008-00177223 function waste you could drive to the
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00648-00177224-00177454 lake and go fishing if you want to know
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00649-00177455-00177614 more about this
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00650-00177615-00177831 you need talk a lot
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00651-00177832-00178063 foundation course
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00652-00178064-00178319 another talk a lot book free public
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00653-00178320-00178487 domain
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00654-00178488-00178807 yes it is believe me
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00655-00178808-00179096 do you believe it
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00656-00179097-00179478 [Laughter]
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00657-00179479-00179654 these are the verbs you can learn in
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00658-00179655-00179847 this book
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00659-00179848-00180143 write down in your first language
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00660-00180144-00180383 write them down yes
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00661-00180384-00180495 feel
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00662-00180496-00180719 find finish
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00663-00180720-00180951 why
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00664-00180952-00181111 and so on
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00665-00181112-00181359 that's already what else can we say the
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00666-00181360-00181575 these are the discussion words
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00667-00181576-00181766 with the phonetic
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00668-00181767-00182238 symbols
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00669-00182239-00182438 i think it's really useful i think it's
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00670-00182439-00182671 really good it's one of the books i've
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00671-00182672-00183023 written which i'm most happy with most
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00672-00183024-00183295 proud of because it became a template
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00673-00183296-00183519 for a second book it's
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00674-00183520-00183719 almost the same template
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00675-00183720-00183847 just with
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00676-00183848-00184102 information gaps but different units of
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00677-00184103-00184247 course different
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00678-00184248-00184487 vocabulary and
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00679-00184488-00184702 sentence blocks etc
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00680-00184703-00184951 but there was a template then the third
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00681-00184952-00185231 book came along and that was
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00682-00185232-00185583 uh even more stuff to do in each unit
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00683-00185584-00185743 book three
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00684-00185744-00185983 slightly higher level than the first two
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00685-00185984-00186543 books
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00686-00186544-00186638 uh
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00687-00186639-00186935 phonetic symbols anyone
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00688-00186936-00187238 another one
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00689-00187239-00187566 a blank page and
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00690-00187567-00187895 we always have blank pages in books
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00691-00187896-00188071 it's good to have them
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00692-00188072-00188295 maybe not in a pdf
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00693-00188296-00188550 book you don't really need it but in a
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00694-00188551-00188671 printed one
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00695-00188672-00188838 anyway that's me
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00696-00188839-00189207 back in the olden days
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00697-00189208-00189702 not many moons ago
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00698-00189703-00190135 comments from website visitors wonderful
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00699-00190136-00190483 i like a lot this kind of format
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00700-00190484-00190647 okay
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00701-00190648-00190878 and i found the materials very accurate
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00702-00190879-00191087 and useful i'm a teacher and you will
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00703-00191088-00191431 help me a lot thank you gizella in spain
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00704-00191432-00191663 thank you gizella
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00705-00191664-00191871 wonderful resources for my students
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00706-00191872-00192078 means i no longer have to turn my hair
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00707-00192079-00192399 out searching or making one up
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00708-00192400-00192566 making one up
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00709-00192567-00192807 congratulations and thanks joanna in
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00710-00192808-00193095 england thank you joanna i think she's
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00711-00193096-00193359 they're both talking about
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00712-00193360-00193735 my resources in general
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00713-00193736-00193999 yeah so
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00714-00194000-00194326 i recommend it go and get it
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00715-00194327-00194678 download it have a look at it
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00716-00194679-00194895 use it with your students is everything
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00717-00194896-00194983 here
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00718-00194984-00195183 you could do this
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00719-00195184-00195575 complete 12-week spoken english course
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00720-00195576-00195838 it's all explained all materials
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00721-00195839-00196063 instructions and answers
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00722-00196064-00196511 are included everything's in here
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00723-00196512-00196719 brand new and unique you've never seen
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00724-00196720-00196911 the sentence blogs
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00725-00196912-00197159 discussion words method
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00726-00197160-00197463 yes discussion questions we know about
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00727-00197464-00197838 the role plays we've done it
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00728-00197839-00198031 but this is something different
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00729-00198032-00198223 something new
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00730-00198224-00198438 uh learn and recall questions this is
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00731-00198439-00198775 the sentence blogs
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00732-00198776-00198966 questions answers and negatives using
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00733-00198967-00199271 eight common verb forms four hundred
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00734-00199272-00199566 vocabulary words four hundred plus
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00735-00199567-00199831 hundred percent photocopyable what's not
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00736-00199832-00200063 to like you know you could produce your
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00737-00200064-00200311 own version of this book
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00738-00200312-00200711 maybe increase with your own materials
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00739-00200712-00200847 and sell it
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00740-00200848-00201078 do what you want you know put a
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00741-00201079-00201287 barcode on it and
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00742-00201288-00201543 you can do what whatever it's free
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00743-00201544-00201895 public domain
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00744-00201896-00202143 enjoy it
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00745-00202144-00202335 the author and soul copyright holder
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00746-00202336-00202526 that's me
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00747-00202527-00202759 of this document has donated it i've
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00748-00202760-00203038 donated it to the public domain i don't
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00749-00203039-00203287 want it back i'm never going to ask for
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00750-00203288-00203399 it back
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00751-00203400-00203695 anybody can use this document
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00752-00203696-00203943 for commercial and non-commercial
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00753-00203944-00204135 purposes so it's for you it's all for
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00754-00204136-00204278 you
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00755-00204279-00204431 and you
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00756-00204432-00204566 and you
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00757-00204567-00204855 so thanks for watching
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00758-00204856-00205134 i hope you found it
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00759-00205135-00205519 interesting a little bit interesting
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00760-00205519-00205782 uh go along to the website if you'd like
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00761-00205783-00205894 to
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00762-00205896-00206334 at berlintraining.com
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00763-00206335-00206551 and you'll see
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00764-00206552-00206719 you'll find this book it's easy to
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00765-00206719-00207055 download
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00766-00207056-00207286 any questions do you have any questions
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00767-00207287-00207486 please
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00768-00207487-00207734 no okay
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00769-00207735-00207934 so here's the main link if you're on
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00770-00207935-00208182 mobile this is the best link
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00771-00208183-00208510 this works if you're on the
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00772-00208511-00208703 desktop
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00773-00208704-00208942 not sure about dublin
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00774-00208944-00209119 but it's there you know
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00775-00209119-00209327 don't forget all the other books
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00776-00209328-00209455 free books
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00777-00209456-00209679 free books for teachers
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00778-00209680-00209934 but also for students whatever you
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00779-00209935-00210175 whatever value you get from it
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00780-00210176-00210423 i wish you well i wish you the best and
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00781-00210423-00210615 hope you will
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00782-00210616-00210855 enjoy it and be able to use it thank you
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00783-00210856-00211151 for listening to my monologue
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00784-00211152-00211431 well i just wanted to share this in a
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00785-00211432-00211646 more specific
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00786-00211648-00211767 uh
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00787-00211767-00212015 way with you so
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00788-00212016-00212319 that's all thank you very much
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00789-00212319-00212598 see you next time
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00790-00212600-00212831 on facebook live
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00791-00212832-00213103 by the power of zoom
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00792-00213104-00213271 for another free
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00793-00213271-00213367 english
A2_VfJ2s-5M-00794-00213367-00213796 class bye for now
A5jUuwnLlXc-00000-00000078-00002479 [Music]
A5jUuwnLlXc-00001-00002480-00005306 [Music]
A5jUuwnLlXc-00002-00005307-00006023 [Music]
A5jUuwnLlXc-00003-00006024-00007387 [Music]
A5jUuwnLlXc-00004-00007388-00007412 [Applause]
A5jUuwnLlXc-00005-00007413-00009564 [Music]
A5jUuwnLlXc-00006-00009565-00010645 [Music]
A5jUuwnLlXc-00007-00010646-00010941 [Applause]
A5jUuwnLlXc-00008-00010942-00011893 [Music]
A5jUuwnLlXc-00009-00011894-00011946 [Applause]
A5jUuwnLlXc-00011-00017238-00020099 [Music]
A5jUuwnLlXc-00013-00026204-00028547 [Music]
A5jUuwnLlXc-00015-00032139-00032345 you
A5Vxm4JV-_c-00000-00000008-00000303 my name is rich foshea um i'm a
A5Vxm4JV-_c-00001-00000304-00000526 registered republican and i live in the
A5Vxm4JV-_c-00002-00000527-00000655 state of virginia
A5Vxm4JV-_c-00003-00000656-00000854 i've been a republican since my first
A5Vxm4JV-_c-00004-00000855-00000999 election when i voted for
A5Vxm4JV-_c-00005-00001000-00001366 ronald reagan uh i considered myself a a
A5Vxm4JV-_c-00006-00001367-00001470 reaganite
A5Vxm4JV-_c-00007-00001471-00001839 uh kid in the early years and um
A5Vxm4JV-_c-00008-00001839-00002134 and it was also a period that inspired
A5Vxm4JV-_c-00009-00002135-00002239 me to go into the
A5Vxm4JV-_c-00010-00002240-00002518 military which i spent 30 years in i was
A5Vxm4JV-_c-00011-00002519-00002783 in a command with general
A5Vxm4JV-_c-00012-00002784-00003095 john kelly a man that i would
A5Vxm4JV-_c-00013-00003096-00003383 follow anywhere into battle as a as a
A5Vxm4JV-_c-00014-00003384-00003511 marine
A5Vxm4JV-_c-00015-00003511-00003911 and you know i knew that he had
A5Vxm4JV-_c-00016-00003911-00004103 great judgment when it came to his
A5Vxm4JV-_c-00017-00004104-00004215 tactical
A5Vxm4JV-_c-00018-00004216-00004527 and his dedication to the country and
A5Vxm4JV-_c-00019-00004528-00004863 uh i thought you know here's a man who's
A5Vxm4JV-_c-00020-00004864-00005095 going to no matter who wins if he
A5Vxm4JV-_c-00021-00005096-00005286 ends up getting into the administration
A5Vxm4JV-_c-00022-00005287-00005527 he's going to try to keep
A5Vxm4JV-_c-00023-00005528-00005815 the person that's in the presidency
A5Vxm4JV-_c-00024-00005816-00005943 honest meaning
A5Vxm4JV-_c-00025-00005944-00006343 uh donald trump unfortunately uh even
A5Vxm4JV-_c-00026-00006344-00006598 with the power and the
A5Vxm4JV-_c-00027-00006600-00006855 stubbornness and tenacity that general
A5Vxm4JV-_c-00028-00006856-00007063 kelly had
A5Vxm4JV-_c-00029-00007064-00007455 he obviously didn't expect
A5Vxm4JV-_c-00030-00007456-00007831 the behavior that donald trump
A5Vxm4JV-_c-00031-00007831-00008207 just has displayed all his life
A5Vxm4JV-_c-00032-00008208-00008407 general mattis expressed his opinion
A5Vxm4JV-_c-00033-00008408-00008727 multiple times now that
A5Vxm4JV-_c-00034-00008728-00008910 president donald trump is unfit for
A5Vxm4JV-_c-00035-00008911-00009055 office
A5Vxm4JV-_c-00036-00009056-00009367 i think as a military veteran and as all
A5Vxm4JV-_c-00037-00009368-00009446 veterans that
A5Vxm4JV-_c-00038-00009447-00009751 serve honorably and serve the
A5Vxm4JV-_c-00039-00009752-00009846 constitution
A5Vxm4JV-_c-00040-00009847-00010119 and the bill of rights and the the the
A5Vxm4JV-_c-00041-00010120-00010206 people of
A5Vxm4JV-_c-00042-00010207-00010438 the the country understand that that is
A5Vxm4JV-_c-00043-00010439-00010623 the first and foremost thing is that you
A5Vxm4JV-_c-00044-00010624-00010887 serve the people of the country and that
A5Vxm4JV-_c-00045-00010888-00011167 general mattis is a person that all of
A5Vxm4JV-_c-00046-00011168-00011455 us as veterans would follow
A5Vxm4JV-_c-00047-00011456-00011783 with his example and that he is correct
A5Vxm4JV-_c-00048-00011784-00012119 in saying that this man
A5Vxm4JV-_c-00049-00012120-00012327 donald trump the president of the united
A5Vxm4JV-_c-00050-00012328-00012527 states currently
A5Vxm4JV-_c-00051-00012528-00012871 is unfit for the presidency
A5Vxm4JV-_c-00052-00012872-00013183 donald trump has touted that he
A5Vxm4JV-_c-00053-00013184-00013455 has been the best president for the
A5Vxm4JV-_c-00054-00013456-00013583 military
A5Vxm4JV-_c-00055-00013584-00013799 that he always supports the military but
A5Vxm4JV-_c-00056-00013800-00013999 at the same time refuses to meet with
A5Vxm4JV-_c-00057-00014000-00014158 putin about
A5Vxm4JV-_c-00058-00014159-00014535 the topic of bounties on american
A5Vxm4JV-_c-00059-00014536-00014855 military personnel overseas
A5Vxm4JV-_c-00060-00014856-00015230 and uh at home the president continues
A5Vxm4JV-_c-00061-00015231-00015303 to
A5Vxm4JV-_c-00062-00015304-00015638 use the military as a as a
A5Vxm4JV-_c-00063-00015640-00015935 pawn to his political or whatever his
A5Vxm4JV-_c-00064-00015936-00016327 egotistical will is
A5Vxm4JV-_c-00065-00016328-00016671 the man donald trump
A5Vxm4JV-_c-00066-00016672-00016903 cannot be trusted by any military
A5Vxm4JV-_c-00067-00016904-00016999 personnel because
A5Vxm4JV-_c-00068-00017000-00017430 they all know that he
A5Vxm4JV-_c-00069-00017431-00017791 does not care about us
A5Vxm4JV-_c-00070-00017792-00018283 at all or the people that we defend
A5Vxm4JV-_c-00071-00018284-00018767 period the oath of office that as a
A5Vxm4JV-_c-00072-00018768-00019094 military personnel take our political
A5Vxm4JV-_c-00073-00019095-00019167 leaders
A5Vxm4JV-_c-00074-00019168-00019439 in key positions like the president of
A5Vxm4JV-_c-00075-00019440-00019607 the united states our senators and
A5Vxm4JV-_c-00076-00019608-00019791 representatives
A5Vxm4JV-_c-00077-00019792-00020055 that in front of their welfare is the
A5Vxm4JV-_c-00078-00020056-00020214 welfare of
A5Vxm4JV-_c-00079-00020215-00020471 the united states the constitution and
A5Vxm4JV-_c-00080-00020472-00020591 the people and if that
A5Vxm4JV-_c-00081-00020592-00020950 means giving up your life to defend it
A5Vxm4JV-_c-00082-00020951-00020999 that's
A5Vxm4JV-_c-00083-00021000-00021311 what it may take to do and that
A5Vxm4JV-_c-00084-00021312-00021558 lives with you through your entire life
A5Vxm4JV-_c-00085-00021559-00021735 until your death
A5Vxm4JV-_c-00086-00021736-00022183 and when you meet up with
A5Vxm4JV-_c-00087-00022184-00022399 or hear and listen to someone like the
A5Vxm4JV-_c-00088-00022400-00022630 president speak you
A5Vxm4JV-_c-00089-00022631-00023078 understand that that
A5Vxm4JV-_c-00090-00023079-00023439 our president is not
A5Vxm4JV-_c-00091-00023440-00023807 a person that takes the oath
A5Vxm4JV-_c-00092-00023808-00024158 serious at any level in fact
A5Vxm4JV-_c-00093-00024159-00024483 it would could even be said that he's a
A5Vxm4JV-_c-00094-00024484-00024903 co-conspirator against those that
A5Vxm4JV-_c-00095-00024904-00025191 try to do harm to our nation i plan for
A5Vxm4JV-_c-00096-00025192-00025511 the 2020 election
A5Vxm4JV-_c-00097-00025512-00025878 is to get the word out about how
A5Vxm4JV-_c-00098-00025879-00026223 bad it is that we have
A5Vxm4JV-_c-00099-00026224-00026487 donald trump in office and to convince
A5Vxm4JV-_c-00100-00026488-00026639 as many voters
A5Vxm4JV-_c-00101-00026639-00026831 not to vote for donald trump but to
A5Vxm4JV-_c-00102-00026832-00027102 support joe biden
A5Vxm4JV-_c-00103-00027104-00027383 in this election joe biden will bring a
A5Vxm4JV-_c-00104-00027383-00027702 unification
A5Vxm4JV-_c-00105-00027704-00028118 ability to our nation and
A5Vxm4JV-_c-00106-00028119-00028646 change the dynamic that has eroded
A5Vxm4JV-_c-00107-00028647-00029135 away with under president donald trump
A5Vxm4JV-_c-00108-00029136-00029439 to bring it back into a positive
A5Vxm4JV-_c-00109-00029439-00029655 forward moving and forward-thinking
A5Vxm4JV-_c-00110-00029656-00029774 nation
A5Vxm4JV-_c-00111-00029775-00029990 with leadership at the top that cares
A5Vxm4JV-_c-00112-00029991-00030127 and understands about
A5Vxm4JV-_c-00113-00030127-00030552 all citizens in the united states
A6baCfgrXeg-00000-00000000-00000233 the Heritage Rough Rider let's check it
A6baCfgrXeg-00001-00000234-00000855 out
A6baCfgrXeg-00002-00000856-00002076 [Music]
A6baCfgrXeg-00003-00002077-00002784 [Music]
A6baCfgrXeg-00004-00002785-00003322 [Music]
A6baCfgrXeg-00005-00003322-00004456 [Music]
A6baCfgrXeg-00006-00004457-00005955 [Music]
A6baCfgrXeg-00007-00005956-00007092 [Music]
A6baCfgrXeg-00008-00007093-00007342 single action revolvers take us back to
A6baCfgrXeg-00009-00007343-00007589 the old west and it just really slows
A6baCfgrXeg-00010-00007590-00007805 things down a bit I mean this Design's
A6baCfgrXeg-00011-00007806-00008069 been around since the late 1800s and
A6baCfgrXeg-00012-00008070-00008296 it's still very popular a lot of it has
A6baCfgrXeg-00013-00008297-00008524 to do with cowboy action shooting but to
A6baCfgrXeg-00014-00008525-00008651 be honest with you there's something
A6baCfgrXeg-00015-00008652-00008939 about just pulling that that hammer back
A6baCfgrXeg-00016-00008940-00009209 hearing those clicks and just firing off
A6baCfgrXeg-00017-00009210-00009545 around slow but sure slow to load slow
A6baCfgrXeg-00018-00009546-00009845 to fire but a lot of fun it's a totally
A6baCfgrXeg-00019-00009846-00010031 different experience than polymer
A6baCfgrXeg-00020-00010032-00010223 Striker fire pistols but then you'd have
A6baCfgrXeg-00021-00010224-00010481 your Colts your rugers your ubertys
A6baCfgrXeg-00022-00010482-00010733 italian-made guns and they're typically
A6baCfgrXeg-00023-00010734-00010996 fairly expensive we have the Rough Rider
A6baCfgrXeg-00024-00010997-00011177 and this is by Heritage manufacturing
A6baCfgrXeg-00025-00011178-00011531 actually owned by Taurus and it's just a
A6baCfgrXeg-00026-00011532-00011855 very budget priced single action Rimfire
A6baCfgrXeg-00027-00011856-00011987 revolver
A6baCfgrXeg-00028-00011988-00012160 but what's funny is I've been seeing
A6baCfgrXeg-00029-00012161-00012364 these for years just sitting in the case
A6baCfgrXeg-00030-00012365-00012646 I mean the prices are coming around just
A6baCfgrXeg-00031-00012647-00013013 a little over 100 bucks and I'm just not
A6baCfgrXeg-00032-00013013-00013265 really taking a second look at them here
A6baCfgrXeg-00033-00013266-00013451 recently I've been doing some reviews on
A6baCfgrXeg-00034-00013452-00013691 the Rooter Wrangler and the super
A6baCfgrXeg-00035-00013691-00013799 Wrangler
A6baCfgrXeg-00036-00013800-00013991 and it really had me looking at the
A6baCfgrXeg-00037-00013991-00014177 Heritage and so we're going to take a
A6baCfgrXeg-00038-00014178-00014297 look at the Heritage some of the
A6baCfgrXeg-00039-00014297-00014549 differences between it and the Ruger and
A6baCfgrXeg-00040-00014550-00014735 some of the quality features is this
A6baCfgrXeg-00041-00014736-00014897 worth the money
A6baCfgrXeg-00042-00014897-00015125 you know even if you do spend for a
A6baCfgrXeg-00043-00015126-00015401 budget gun if you're buying junk it's
A6baCfgrXeg-00044-00015402-00015671 junk so let's check it out and we really
A6baCfgrXeg-00045-00015672-00015905 appreciate Nate over at Gun Zone deals
A6baCfgrXeg-00046-00015906-00016127 for sending the Heritage Rough Rider for
A6baCfgrXeg-00047-00016128-00016336 this review again I've been really
A6baCfgrXeg-00048-00016337-00016565 looking for one and we really appreciate
A6baCfgrXeg-00049-00016566-00016635 their help
A6baCfgrXeg-00050-00016636-00016817 [Music]
A6baCfgrXeg-00051-00016818-00016851 foreign
A6baCfgrXeg-00052-00016852-00017808 [Applause]
A6baCfgrXeg-00053-00017809-00018179 well the Heritage Rough Rider I've been
A6baCfgrXeg-00054-00018180-00018389 as curious about this single action
A6baCfgrXeg-00055-00018390-00018743 revolver is anybody I've seen them all
A6baCfgrXeg-00056-00018744-00018935 along you know in different gun shops
A6baCfgrXeg-00057-00018936-00019222 the price is really cheap and I just
A6baCfgrXeg-00058-00019223-00019444 figured it's a just a cheap single
A6baCfgrXeg-00059-00019445-00019655 action revolver I've never even handled
A6baCfgrXeg-00060-00019656-00019913 one so this was really a treat for me
A6baCfgrXeg-00061-00019914-00020129 but again because we've been doing a lot
A6baCfgrXeg-00062-00020130-00020441 with the Wrangler series from Ruger you
A6baCfgrXeg-00063-00020442-00020657 know it just made sense to bring this in
A6baCfgrXeg-00064-00020658-00020783 and we're going to do a full comparison
A6baCfgrXeg-00065-00020784-00020957 with these two we're going to do a light
A6baCfgrXeg-00066-00020958-00021136 comparison coming up but mainly we're
A6baCfgrXeg-00067-00021137-00021400 going to focus on the Heritage this is
A6baCfgrXeg-00068-00021401-00021769 one of the 22 long rifle 22 magnum
A6baCfgrXeg-00069-00021770-00022036 cylinder versions they do make it in
A6baCfgrXeg-00070-00022037-00022325 just a 22 and guys honestly they make it
A6baCfgrXeg-00071-00022326-00022691 in a huge array of different finishes
A6baCfgrXeg-00072-00022692-00023039 grips barrel lengths this is the six and
A6baCfgrXeg-00073-00023040-00023194 a half inch barrel but it goes all the
A6baCfgrXeg-00074-00023195-00023369 way down to three and a half inch with a
A6baCfgrXeg-00075-00023370-00023650 bird head grip and all the way out to a
A6baCfgrXeg-00076-00023651-00023927 16 inch barrel for a rifle I mean
A6baCfgrXeg-00077-00023928-00024197 Heritage has got a an extensive line of
A6baCfgrXeg-00078-00024198-00024443 revolvers and then you can get other
A6baCfgrXeg-00079-00024444-00024617 grips to put on here you can get
A6baCfgrXeg-00080-00024618-00024797 engraved cylinders different color
A6baCfgrXeg-00081-00024798-00025078 cylinders in fact you can buy just the
A6baCfgrXeg-00082-00025079-00025408 cylinder to go with your standard 22 and
A6baCfgrXeg-00083-00025409-00025696 add a 22 magnum cylinder and they're
A6baCfgrXeg-00084-00025697-00025864 very reasonable one of the big things
A6baCfgrXeg-00085-00025866-00026111 about this handgun is that it starts out
A6baCfgrXeg-00086-00026112-00026531 at about 120 bucks with just 22. and so
A6baCfgrXeg-00087-00026532-00026758 again that led me to kind of look at it
A6baCfgrXeg-00088-00026760-00027118 sideways but I just really wanted to
A6baCfgrXeg-00089-00027119-00027329 check it out one of the things about a
A6baCfgrXeg-00090-00027330-00027520 22 single action is they're very simple
A6baCfgrXeg-00091-00027522-00027755 and so that's one of the reasons why you
A6baCfgrXeg-00092-00027756-00027905 know you can make these for a little bit
A6baCfgrXeg-00093-00027906-00028120 less than you can a double action single
A6baCfgrXeg-00094-00028122-00028312 action revolver so first thing let's do
A6baCfgrXeg-00095-00028313-00028462 is go ahead and open up our loading gate
A6baCfgrXeg-00096-00028463-00028774 and we're going to double click the
A6baCfgrXeg-00097-00028775-00028967 hammer and then we can turn the cylinder
A6baCfgrXeg-00098-00028968-00029231 and you can see that the gun is unloaded
A6baCfgrXeg-00099-00029232-00029423 and so we're going to really look at the
A6baCfgrXeg-00100-00029424-00029573 action in just a minute it's actually
A6baCfgrXeg-00101-00029574-00029896 got a pretty cool action to it and guys
A6baCfgrXeg-00102-00029897-00030239 this is a budget firearm farm and so
A6baCfgrXeg-00103-00030239-00030455 this is not going to be a cult single
A6baCfgrXeg-00104-00030456-00030623 action and it's not going to be a Ruger
A6baCfgrXeg-00105-00030624-00030995 single six but this is for taking it out
A6baCfgrXeg-00106-00030995-00031174 and plinking and playing around with it
A6baCfgrXeg-00107-00031175-00031420 you know we're going to see what kind of
A6baCfgrXeg-00108-00031422-00031583 performance we get out of this little
A6baCfgrXeg-00109-00031583-00031937 guy so far you know I really liked it
A6baCfgrXeg-00110-00031938-00032140 and so one of the things about it the
A6baCfgrXeg-00111-00032141-00032446 cylinders are a blued steel and you know
A6baCfgrXeg-00112-00032447-00032771 the 22 magnum is non-fluted it does have
A6baCfgrXeg-00113-00032772-00033215 22 magnum marked on it right here 22 wmr
A6baCfgrXeg-00114-00033216-00033490 and then on the 22 cylinder it is fluted
A6baCfgrXeg-00115-00033491-00033731 and then it has 22 long rifle marked on
A6baCfgrXeg-00116-00033732-00034115 it so and honestly you can't put a 22
A6baCfgrXeg-00117-00034116-00034445 Magnum in a 22 long rifle cylinder and
A6baCfgrXeg-00118-00034446-00034577 so that's one of the things that will
A6baCfgrXeg-00119-00034578-00034762 keep you from putting the 22 Magnum in
A6baCfgrXeg-00120-00034763-00034990 the wrong place now this one is a six
A6baCfgrXeg-00121-00034991-00035249 shot they do also make a nine shot
A6baCfgrXeg-00122-00035250-00035507 revolver as well but we have the 22 long
A6baCfgrXeg-00123-00035508-00035789 rifle and 22 magnum and we'll talk about
A6baCfgrXeg-00124-00035790-00036005 some of the benefits of both of those
A6baCfgrXeg-00125-00036006-00036221 calibers as well now the Barrel's all
A6baCfgrXeg-00126-00036222-00036443 steel six and a half inches it's not
A6baCfgrXeg-00127-00036444-00036743 lined it is a full barrel and it's
A6baCfgrXeg-00128-00036744-00036923 actually crowned at the end which is
A6baCfgrXeg-00129-00036924-00037121 going to lend to decent accuracy as far
A6baCfgrXeg-00130-00037122-00037402 as hitting that muzzle just a fixed
A6baCfgrXeg-00131-00037403-00037655 front sight blade post here at the back
A6baCfgrXeg-00132-00037656-00037852 we just have that standard kind of
A6baCfgrXeg-00133-00037853-00038111 GrooVe for the back sight with a little
A6baCfgrXeg-00134-00038112-00038321 Notch here at the back and the sights
A6baCfgrXeg-00135-00038322-00038518 are just basic now there are four clicks
A6baCfgrXeg-00136-00038519-00038824 the first one is your safety Notch and
A6baCfgrXeg-00137-00038825-00038987 this is going to take the hammer off the
A6baCfgrXeg-00138-00038988-00039268 firing pin the second notch
A6baCfgrXeg-00139-00039269-00039509 that is your loading Notch and so when
A6baCfgrXeg-00140-00039510-00039707 you open up the loading gate you can
A6baCfgrXeg-00141-00039708-00039917 actually spin the cylinder and one thing
A6baCfgrXeg-00142-00039918-00040090 I like is that little detent in there
A6baCfgrXeg-00143-00040091-00040277 because it hesitates the cylinder so you
A6baCfgrXeg-00144-00040278-00040529 can load it and not go past it so it
A6baCfgrXeg-00145-00040530-00040739 makes it really easy to load these
A6baCfgrXeg-00146-00040740-00040961 without going too far and then having to
A6baCfgrXeg-00147-00040962-00041111 go all the way around if you miss one
A6baCfgrXeg-00148-00041112-00041411 and then we have the third click which
A6baCfgrXeg-00149-00041412-00041668 Heritage says is really no consequence
A6baCfgrXeg-00150-00041669-00041873 to the shooter
A6baCfgrXeg-00151-00041874-00042112 that fourth click is where it's fully
A6baCfgrXeg-00152-00042113-00042389 cocked so it has those four clicks and
A6baCfgrXeg-00153-00042390-00042527 man
A6baCfgrXeg-00154-00042528-00042672 I love the way that sounds
A6baCfgrXeg-00155-00042673-00042793 [Laughter]
A6baCfgrXeg-00156-00042794-00043067 the hammer has some nice checkering on
A6baCfgrXeg-00157-00043068-00043229 the end and you're going to be cocking
A6baCfgrXeg-00158-00043230-00043415 this because it is a single action
A6baCfgrXeg-00159-00043416-00043709 revolver and what that means is is you
A6baCfgrXeg-00160-00043710-00043955 can't actuate the Hammer with the
A6baCfgrXeg-00161-00043956-00044165 trigger you have to actually bring the
A6baCfgrXeg-00162-00044166-00044380 hammer back and then the hammer trips
A6baCfgrXeg-00163-00044381-00044639 the sear and it drops the hammer into
A6baCfgrXeg-00164-00044640-00044855 the firing position the frame is a zinc
A6baCfgrXeg-00165-00044856-00045095 alloy and it comes in two pieces which
A6baCfgrXeg-00166-00045096-00045233 is typical for your single action
A6baCfgrXeg-00167-00045234-00045461 revolvers and then we have the piece at
A6baCfgrXeg-00168-00045462-00045671 the back and I believe this is aluminum
A6baCfgrXeg-00169-00045672-00045935 an aluminum alloy the cocobolo grips
A6baCfgrXeg-00170-00045936-00046217 very well done and you can get a number
A6baCfgrXeg-00171-00046218-00046408 of different grips I chose this just
A6baCfgrXeg-00172-00046409-00046577 because it has more of that traditional
A6baCfgrXeg-00173-00046578-00046895 look but man I was really amazed at how
A6baCfgrXeg-00174-00046896-00047129 many different grip choices they have on
A6baCfgrXeg-00175-00047130-00047380 their website the triggers still
A6baCfgrXeg-00176-00047381-00047735 the safety is still and the loading gate
A6baCfgrXeg-00177-00047736-00047974 is still now this safety is something
A6baCfgrXeg-00178-00047975-00048155 that's really unusual on a single action
A6baCfgrXeg-00179-00048156-00048418 revolver and so what you'll notice is
A6baCfgrXeg-00180-00048419-00048640 it's not really a safety it's a firing
A6baCfgrXeg-00181-00048641-00048851 pin block we're going to disengage our
A6baCfgrXeg-00182-00048852-00049073 safety so when we drop it you can see
A6baCfgrXeg-00183-00049074-00049258 this goes flat and it allows the hammer
A6baCfgrXeg-00184-00049259-00049462 to hit the firing pin when we bring this
A6baCfgrXeg-00185-00049463-00049787 up it blocks the action of the firing
A6baCfgrXeg-00186-00049788-00050002 pin and so this gives you safety one of
A6baCfgrXeg-00187-00050003-00050152 the things I will warn you about when
A6baCfgrXeg-00188-00050153-00050308 you're taking this to the range is if
A6baCfgrXeg-00189-00050309-00050477 you've pulled the trigger
A6baCfgrXeg-00190-00050478-00050717 it's not going to quite meet the firing
A6baCfgrXeg-00191-00050718-00050968 pan and so sometimes you forget to
A6baCfgrXeg-00192-00050969-00051232 disengage that safety for a safety which
A6baCfgrXeg-00193-00051233-00051461 I'm not a real big fan of but for safety
A6baCfgrXeg-00194-00051462-00051754 bringing that back is a lot easier than
A6baCfgrXeg-00195-00051755-00051976 maybe a cross bolt safety or something
A6baCfgrXeg-00196-00051977-00052180 down here and to me it kind of Blends in
A6baCfgrXeg-00197-00052182-00052504 with the frame so really for safety I
A6baCfgrXeg-00198-00052505-00052661 feel like that's a pretty decent option
A6baCfgrXeg-00199-00052662-00052900 now if we open up our loading gate we
A6baCfgrXeg-00200-00052901-00053207 bring it to that second notch now we can
A6baCfgrXeg-00201-00053208-00053416 turn the cylinder and then you can take
A6baCfgrXeg-00202-00053417-00053603 your ejector rod and it's on a spring
A6baCfgrXeg-00203-00053604-00053861 and you push that through and this just
A6baCfgrXeg-00204-00053862-00054119 knocks your shells out one thing we did
A6baCfgrXeg-00205-00054120-00054407 notice that when shooting 22 magnum it
A6baCfgrXeg-00206-00054408-00054532 did have a little trouble getting the
A6baCfgrXeg-00207-00054533-00054725 shells all the way out they're hot
A6baCfgrXeg-00208-00054726-00054935 they've already fired and they swell
A6baCfgrXeg-00209-00054936-00055091 just a little bit in the cylinder which
A6baCfgrXeg-00210-00055091-00055361 is typical and so it doesn't allow for
A6baCfgrXeg-00211-00055362-00055642 it to go all the way out every time but
A6baCfgrXeg-00212-00055644-00055829 you can it comes out pretty much you
A6baCfgrXeg-00213-00055829-00056038 just have to pull it out but the 22 long
A6baCfgrXeg-00214-00056039-00056297 rifle popped out really easily now
A6baCfgrXeg-00215-00056298-00056519 here's your base pen and your base pen
A6baCfgrXeg-00216-00056520-00056771 detent and so you press this and then
A6baCfgrXeg-00217-00056772-00056975 just pull out your base pin and this
A6baCfgrXeg-00218-00056976-00057191 holds your cylinder into place now it
A6baCfgrXeg-00219-00057191-00057430 comes all the way out and then open up
A6baCfgrXeg-00220-00057432-00057653 your loading gate and the cylinder just
A6baCfgrXeg-00221-00057654-00057875 pops right out and then you can change
A6baCfgrXeg-00222-00057876-00058192 it to the 22 magnum you want these teeth
A6baCfgrXeg-00223-00058194-00058426 to be facing the back toward your grip
A6baCfgrXeg-00224-00058427-00058637 drop it in there
A6baCfgrXeg-00225-00058638-00058775 and you're going to want to have to line
A6baCfgrXeg-00226-00058776-00058973 it up just a little bit once you put the
A6baCfgrXeg-00227-00058974-00059129 base pin back in
A6baCfgrXeg-00228-00059129-00059332 but when you put the base pin in you
A6baCfgrXeg-00229-00059333-00059549 have to depress that detent to get it to
A6baCfgrXeg-00230-00059550-00059650 go in
A6baCfgrXeg-00231-00059651-00059813 and it's a little bit more difficult
A6baCfgrXeg-00232-00059814-00059957 behind the camera there it goes and
A6baCfgrXeg-00233-00059958-00060209 actually it was lined up and then closed
A6baCfgrXeg-00234-00060210-00060437 my loading gate and so now I'm ready for
A6baCfgrXeg-00235-00060438-00060682 22 magnum now Ruger introduced the
A6baCfgrXeg-00236-00060683-00060941 Wrangler series a couple of years ago a
A6baCfgrXeg-00237-00060941-00061187 great pistol more of a budget friendly
A6baCfgrXeg-00238-00061188-00061391 price we've done a couple of reviews on
A6baCfgrXeg-00239-00061391-00061559 the original Wrangler and the super
A6baCfgrXeg-00240-00061560-00061763 Wrangler the big difference with the
A6baCfgrXeg-00241-00061764-00061961 super Wrangler is it does have the
A6baCfgrXeg-00242-00061962-00062182 option of having a 22 magnum cylinder
A6baCfgrXeg-00243-00062183-00062447 and your 22 long rifle it is non-fluted
A6baCfgrXeg-00244-00062448-00062669 on the 22. one thing I like about the
A6baCfgrXeg-00245-00062670-00062879 super Wrangler is it has the adjustable
A6baCfgrXeg-00246-00062879-00063082 sights and so we have a rear adjustable
A6baCfgrXeg-00247-00063083-00063304 sight and we have this front post that
A6baCfgrXeg-00248-00063305-00063442 you can take off if you want something
A6baCfgrXeg-00249-00063444-00063665 different and that's really a big plus
A6baCfgrXeg-00250-00063666-00063947 for this pistol but overall it's about a
A6baCfgrXeg-00251-00063948-00064121 five and a half inch barrel but they do
A6baCfgrXeg-00252-00064122-00064313 make different sizes or they have them
A6baCfgrXeg-00253-00064314-00064549 coming up and it just has your standard
A6baCfgrXeg-00254-00064550-00064876 polymer or plastic type grips but these
A6baCfgrXeg-00255-00064877-00065021 are actually really good I mean they
A6baCfgrXeg-00256-00065022-00065237 have some really nice texturing it is
A6baCfgrXeg-00257-00065238-00065494 cerakoted on all the parts except for
A6baCfgrXeg-00258-00065495-00065747 the cylinder and so one of the things
A6baCfgrXeg-00259-00065748-00066029 about the heritage is that it has a blue
A6baCfgrXeg-00260-00066030-00066244 barrel and so that gives it a little
A6baCfgrXeg-00261-00066245-00066467 more of an advantage honestly as far as
A6baCfgrXeg-00262-00066468-00066647 the finish and looking more traditional
A6baCfgrXeg-00263-00066648-00066917 you can also get this in a Bronze finish
A6baCfgrXeg-00264-00066918-00067169 and a silver finish and it has the black
A6baCfgrXeg-00265-00067170-00067421 accents throughout one thing about the
A6baCfgrXeg-00266-00067422-00067600 super Wrangler or the regular Wrangler
A6baCfgrXeg-00267-00067601-00067835 is it will take your standard single six
A6baCfgrXeg-00268-00067836-00068032 grips so you can put a lot of different
A6baCfgrXeg-00269-00068033-00068225 grips on here as well but one thing I
A6baCfgrXeg-00270-00068226-00068387 really love about the super Wrangler is
A6baCfgrXeg-00271-00068388-00068615 I can just open up my loading gate and
A6baCfgrXeg-00272-00068616-00068873 the cylinder just freely spins and it
A6baCfgrXeg-00273-00068874-00069155 goes both ways so it's really easy to be
A6baCfgrXeg-00274-00069156-00069431 able to load without having to mess with
A6baCfgrXeg-00275-00069432-00069635 a hammer and so that's just one
A6baCfgrXeg-00276-00069636-00069821 advantage of the Ruger the fit and
A6baCfgrXeg-00277-00069822-00069982 finish honestly is a little bit better
A6baCfgrXeg-00278-00069983-00070325 but what I really like is that this
A6baCfgrXeg-00279-00070326-00070567 still comes in at a very budget price
A6baCfgrXeg-00280-00070568-00070817 compared to the Ruger Wrangler so it's
A6baCfgrXeg-00281-00070818-00071044 just a matter of choices and honestly I
A6baCfgrXeg-00282-00071045-00071237 think that the Heritage line is what
A6baCfgrXeg-00283-00071238-00071423 inspired Ruger to come in with a more
A6baCfgrXeg-00284-00071424-00071609 budget-friendly single action revolver
A6baCfgrXeg-00285-00071610-00071813 now if you notice the bluing on the
A6baCfgrXeg-00286-00071814-00072053 steel is very well done on the cylinders
A6baCfgrXeg-00287-00072054-00072376 it's really nice nice cold blue when you
A6baCfgrXeg-00288-00072377-00072676 get into the frame of being a zamac
A6baCfgrXeg-00289-00072677-00072929 frame or a zinc alloy you know it's
A6baCfgrXeg-00290-00072930-00073175 coated probably has a black oxide finish
A6baCfgrXeg-00291-00073176-00073403 on it and so it doesn't really give you
A6baCfgrXeg-00292-00073404-00073721 that bluing that rich deep blue and
A6baCfgrXeg-00293-00073722-00073900 that's just part of the process to make
A6baCfgrXeg-00294-00073901-00074123 this more affordable and so you'll
A6baCfgrXeg-00295-00074124-00074297 notice also though here on the back it's
A6baCfgrXeg-00296-00074298-00074476 a lot Bluer and that's the reason why I
A6baCfgrXeg-00297-00074477-00074747 think that may be aluminum or just a
A6baCfgrXeg-00298-00074748-00074921 coating to make that just a really nice
A6baCfgrXeg-00299-00074922-00075119 finish and you'll find this on a lot of
A6baCfgrXeg-00300-00075120-00075311 your Ruger revolvers even your
A6baCfgrXeg-00301-00075312-00075599 Blackhawks but here you know it's got
A6baCfgrXeg-00302-00075600-00075826 just a little bit of a matte kind of
A6baCfgrXeg-00303-00075827-00076061 finish to it and it gives it a little
A6baCfgrXeg-00304-00076062-00076361 bit of a cheaper look and so you know
A6baCfgrXeg-00305-00076362-00076606 but again guys this is a plinker it's
A6baCfgrXeg-00306-00076607-00076853 only a hundred and nineteen dollars
A6baCfgrXeg-00307-00076854-00077219 again I think it's 158 dollars for you
A6baCfgrXeg-00308-00077220-00077405 know the one with the extra cylinder now
A6baCfgrXeg-00309-00077406-00077609 as far as trigger pull it is a single
A6baCfgrXeg-00310-00077610-00077776 action again so we have to pull the
A6baCfgrXeg-00311-00077777-00078065 hammer back into the rear position and
A6baCfgrXeg-00312-00078066-00078269 then we're going to just
A6baCfgrXeg-00313-00078270-00078497 it's a pretty crisp break there's hardly
A6baCfgrXeg-00314-00078498-00078749 any take up whatsoever let's see if we
A6baCfgrXeg-00315-00078750-00078947 can try that again
A6baCfgrXeg-00316-00078948-00079294 yeah there's no take up it just hits the
A6baCfgrXeg-00317-00079295-00079505 wall and it trips the sear let's check
A6baCfgrXeg-00318-00079506-00079594 the trigger pull weight with our
A6baCfgrXeg-00319-00079595-00079991 alignment trigger gauge and Brownells
A6baCfgrXeg-00320-00079992-00080393 one pound 7.3 ounces
A6baCfgrXeg-00321-00080394-00080693 one pound 12.9 ounces man that's pretty
A6baCfgrXeg-00322-00080694-00080932 light but one thing about a single
A6baCfgrXeg-00323-00080933-00081161 action revolver is you do have to [__]
A6baCfgrXeg-00324-00081162-00081425 the hammer to fire it and you know it
A6baCfgrXeg-00325-00081426-00081569 was funny because when I was shooting it
A6baCfgrXeg-00326-00081570-00081821 I didn't feel like I was anticipating or
A6baCfgrXeg-00327-00081822-00082061 pulling the trigger before I was ready
A6baCfgrXeg-00328-00082062-00082271 because it has a pretty decent wall that
A6baCfgrXeg-00329-00082272-00082475 kind of rest and then the trigger just
A6baCfgrXeg-00330-00082476-00082726 disengages the sear so you know it is
A6baCfgrXeg-00331-00082727-00082906 light but yet
A6baCfgrXeg-00332-00082907-00083117 it's not like it doesn't seem to be a
A6baCfgrXeg-00333-00083118-00083405 hair trigger
A6baCfgrXeg-00334-00083406-00083615 man that's really smooth and when it
A6baCfgrXeg-00335-00083616-00083879 comes to 22 magnum it is a little bit
A6baCfgrXeg-00336-00083880-00084119 thicker the diameter is a little bit
A6baCfgrXeg-00337-00084120-00084359 more increased than your 22 long rifle
A6baCfgrXeg-00338-00084360-00084605 and that's on purpose here we have the
A6baCfgrXeg-00339-00084606-00084862 22 magnum cylinder and of course you can
A6baCfgrXeg-00340-00084863-00085193 see it drops in really easily the 22
A6baCfgrXeg-00341-00085194-00085415 long rifle will actually fit in the 22
A6baCfgrXeg-00342-00085416-00085667 Magnum but it can damage the chambering
A6baCfgrXeg-00343-00085668-00085835 and so you want to be careful because
A6baCfgrXeg-00344-00085836-00086021 you know it has a little more area to
A6baCfgrXeg-00345-00086022-00086261 expand when it comes to the 22 long
A6baCfgrXeg-00346-00086262-00086591 rifles chamber the 22 magnum just will
A6baCfgrXeg-00347-00086592-00086825 not fit it won't go in and that's really
A6baCfgrXeg-00348-00086826-00087053 where your danger is 22s typically
A6baCfgrXeg-00349-00087054-00087256 should not be dry fired there are some
A6baCfgrXeg-00350-00087257-00087425 semi-automatics that have been designed
A6baCfgrXeg-00351-00087426-00087629 to be able to do that but it hits the
A6baCfgrXeg-00352-00087630-00087959 rim of the case and it kind of it's
A6baCfgrXeg-00353-00087960-00088218 offset so it can damage your firing pin
A6baCfgrXeg-00354-00088219-00088529 so snap caps are really a great option
A6baCfgrXeg-00355-00088530-00088817 but also wall anchors if you can get the
A6baCfgrXeg-00356-00088818-00089081 right size you know it gives you that
A6baCfgrXeg-00357-00089082-00089255 protection where it hits that plastic
A6baCfgrXeg-00358-00089256-00089476 and it's a cheap way to do it you just
A6baCfgrXeg-00359-00089477-00089626 need to make sure it's the correct size
A6baCfgrXeg-00360-00089627-00089981 to fit into it the Heritage Rough Rider
A6baCfgrXeg-00361-00089982-00090131 two pounds
A6baCfgrXeg-00362-00090132-00090323 and we really appreciate fioki for
A6baCfgrXeg-00363-00090324-00090521 sponsoring the ammunition we do have
A6baCfgrXeg-00364-00090522-00090725 some federal and 22 magnum I just didn't
A6baCfgrXeg-00365-00090726-00090971 have the Voki in it and we're using just
A6baCfgrXeg-00366-00090972-00091115 standard velocity
A6baCfgrXeg-00367-00091116-00091373 again just pop that cylinder bring it to
A6baCfgrXeg-00368-00091374-00091588 the second click
A6baCfgrXeg-00369-00091589-00091847 I like how this thing just stops there's
A6baCfgrXeg-00370-00091848-00092038 a d10 in here that keeps it from going
A6baCfgrXeg-00371-00092039-00092273 around unless you just really mean to
A6baCfgrXeg-00372-00092274-00092429 push it's one of the things about single
A6baCfgrXeg-00373-00092430-00092681 action sometimes it's a pain is you go
A6baCfgrXeg-00374-00092682-00092909 too far so I really like the way this
A6baCfgrXeg-00375-00092910-00093149 thing loads
A6baCfgrXeg-00376-00093150-00093461 and again you know it's slow to load but
A6baCfgrXeg-00377-00093462-00093853 man it's satisfying
A6baCfgrXeg-00378-00093854-00094198 [Applause]
A6baCfgrXeg-00379-00094199-00094318 [Music]
A6baCfgrXeg-00380-00094319-00094361 [Applause]
A6baCfgrXeg-00381-00094362-00094491 [Music]
A6baCfgrXeg-00382-00094492-00094527 [Applause]
A6baCfgrXeg-00383-00094528-00094659 [Music]
A6baCfgrXeg-00384-00094660-00094686 [Applause]
A6baCfgrXeg-00385-00094687-00094835 [Music]
A6baCfgrXeg-00386-00094836-00095050 guys the Rough Rider so far I mean we
A6baCfgrXeg-00387-00095051-00095255 have put a lot of rounds through it it's
A6baCfgrXeg-00388-00095256-00095603 just solid it's a 22 long rifle and 22
A6baCfgrXeg-00389-00095604-00095861 magnum so there's not a lot of recoil
A6baCfgrXeg-00390-00095862-00096161 but it's still solidly built for what it
A6baCfgrXeg-00391-00096162-00096400 is and I'm not sure how they come up
A6baCfgrXeg-00392-00096401-00096562 with the price for this because it's
A6baCfgrXeg-00393-00096563-00096797 really a nice quality gun
A6baCfgrXeg-00394-00096798-00097085 I love the four clicks of course you
A6baCfgrXeg-00395-00097086-00097343 know you're 22 and you got 22 magnum
A6baCfgrXeg-00396-00097344-00097571 the sights definitely are pretty you
A6baCfgrXeg-00397-00097572-00097691 know just rudimentary they're
A6baCfgrXeg-00398-00097692-00097949 straightforward but I like that nice
A6baCfgrXeg-00399-00097950-00098123 grip and again you can get all kind of
A6baCfgrXeg-00400-00098124-00098303 different ones for it but uh there's a
A6baCfgrXeg-00401-00098304-00098459 number of ways to shoot it in which
A6baCfgrXeg-00402-00098460-00098699 we've kind of demonstrated but one thing
A6baCfgrXeg-00403-00098700-00098897 is is typically most people just pull it
A6baCfgrXeg-00404-00098898-00098987 out
A6baCfgrXeg-00405-00098988-00099333 pull the hammer back tire the round
A6baCfgrXeg-00406-00099334-00099568 [Applause]
A6baCfgrXeg-00407-00099569-00099704 you want to go a little faster
A6baCfgrXeg-00408-00099705-00100000 [Music]
A6baCfgrXeg-00409-00100001-00100211 foreign
A6baCfgrXeg-00410-00100212-00100438 that makes it pretty fast
A6baCfgrXeg-00411-00100439-00100667 overall it's just a soft shooting little
A6baCfgrXeg-00412-00100668-00101105 gun but it doesn't feel cheap and that's
A6baCfgrXeg-00413-00101106-00101243 the one thing that I've always thought
A6baCfgrXeg-00414-00101244-00101393 is when I looked at him I thought this
A6baCfgrXeg-00415-00101394-00101518 is cheap one thing you want to make sure
A6baCfgrXeg-00416-00101519-00101741 though is you if you put that safety on
A6baCfgrXeg-00417-00101742-00102065 sometimes you'll forget to bring it down
A6baCfgrXeg-00418-00102066-00102256 and the safety is a little different for
A6baCfgrXeg-00419-00102257-00102388 sure I mean it's something that you
A6baCfgrXeg-00420-00102389-00102521 don't usually see but I think they've
A6baCfgrXeg-00421-00102522-00102863 Incorporated it well in this pistol
A6baCfgrXeg-00422-00102864-00103060 but I like the hammer it has some nice
A6baCfgrXeg-00423-00103061-00103216 texturing to the back so it's really
A6baCfgrXeg-00424-00103217-00103432 easy to bring out and then if you want
A6baCfgrXeg-00425-00103433-00103678 to change this out to 22 magnum just
A6baCfgrXeg-00426-00103679-00103984 pull out your base pin
A6baCfgrXeg-00427-00103985-00104332 bring your cylinder right out
A6baCfgrXeg-00428-00104333-00104621 here we got a 22 magnum cylinder
A6baCfgrXeg-00429-00104622-00104813 and you know it's always just a little
A6baCfgrXeg-00430-00104814-00105028 bit of fitting when you're putting it in
A6baCfgrXeg-00431-00105029-00105221 just to line up that hole with the base
A6baCfgrXeg-00432-00105222-00105845 pin
A6baCfgrXeg-00433-00105846-00106121 goes right in it's locked in with a 22
A6baCfgrXeg-00434-00106122-00106373 magnum it's mainly the noise The Recoil
A6baCfgrXeg-00435-00106374-00106565 isn't that much different I mean it is a
A6baCfgrXeg-00436-00106566-00106666 little bit more you can tell you're
A6baCfgrXeg-00437-00106667-00106769 shooting it
A6baCfgrXeg-00438-00106770-00107063 but really again
A6baCfgrXeg-00439-00107064-00107213 foreign
A6baCfgrXeg-00440-00107214-00107939 [Applause]
A6baCfgrXeg-00441-00107940-00108184 shooting at one-handed makes it easy
A6baCfgrXeg-00442-00108185-00108389 really soft to shoot
A6baCfgrXeg-00443-00108390-00108713 but the 22 magnum gives you a better
A6baCfgrXeg-00444-00108714-00108965 ballistic caliber and so you're going to
A6baCfgrXeg-00445-00108966-00109115 be able to hunt more I mean it could be
A6baCfgrXeg-00446-00109116-00109349 used for self-defense so this really
A6baCfgrXeg-00447-00109350-00109631 gives it for 120 bucks for the standard
A6baCfgrXeg-00448-00109632-00109810 and then with the extra cylinder you
A6baCfgrXeg-00449-00109811-00110134 know around 160 dollars hard to beat
A6baCfgrXeg-00450-00110135-00110399 when you have an inexpensive firearm you
A6baCfgrXeg-00451-00110400-00110560 know you can tell it I mean it feels
A6baCfgrXeg-00452-00110561-00110789 inexpensive it feels cheap you can tell
A6baCfgrXeg-00453-00110790-00110999 where they've cut the corners but with
A6baCfgrXeg-00454-00111000-00111143 this
A6baCfgrXeg-00455-00111144-00111443 I'm actually impressed uh with this the
A6baCfgrXeg-00456-00111444-00112108 quality of this gun
A6baCfgrXeg-00457-00112109-00112659 [Applause]
A6baCfgrXeg-00458-00112660-00112943 [Music]
A6baCfgrXeg-00459-00112944-00113116 it's pretty sweet for the money
A6baCfgrXeg-00460-00113117-00113273 even not for the money it's a pretty
A6baCfgrXeg-00461-00113274-00115143 sweet option
A6baCfgrXeg-00462-00115144-00115772 [Applause]
A6baCfgrXeg-00463-00115773-00116649 [Applause]
A6baCfgrXeg-00464-00116650-00116795 [Applause]
A6baCfgrXeg-00465-00116796-00117065 there we have the 22 magnum and it's the
A6baCfgrXeg-00466-00117066-00117319 CCI maximag it's going
A6baCfgrXeg-00467-00117320-00117707 1875 feet per second we have here a CCI
A6baCfgrXeg-00468-00117708-00118073 Mini mag and it's going 1235 feet per
A6baCfgrXeg-00469-00118074-00118427 second so that's about 640 more feet per
A6baCfgrXeg-00470-00118428-00118702 second with the 22 magnum and then we
A6baCfgrXeg-00471-00118703-00118954 have some theoki lead round nose one
A6baCfgrXeg-00472-00118955-00119213 thing about 22 is there are a bazillion
A6baCfgrXeg-00473-00119214-00119428 different choices different type ammos
A6baCfgrXeg-00474-00119429-00119686 out there subsonic you name it and in a
A6baCfgrXeg-00475-00119688-00119843 revolver it's fine because you're not
A6baCfgrXeg-00476-00119844-00120125 worrying about reliability because you
A6baCfgrXeg-00477-00120126-00120347 are firing single action and the main
A6baCfgrXeg-00478-00120348-00120545 thing is you just want good quality ammo
A6baCfgrXeg-00479-00120546-00120802 but this is the the fioki lead round
A6baCfgrXeg-00480-00120803-00121060 nose all of these are 40 grain and then
A6baCfgrXeg-00481-00121061-00121301 we have the CCI shot shells and it's in
A6baCfgrXeg-00482-00121302-00121697 22 great for pest control and again you
A6baCfgrXeg-00483-00121698-00121840 don't have to worry about functioning
A6baCfgrXeg-00484-00121841-00122051 the revolver it will function pretty
A6baCfgrXeg-00485-00122052-00122236 much no matter what kind of quality ammo
A6baCfgrXeg-00486-00122238-00122507 you put in it MSRP on the Heritage Rough
A6baCfgrXeg-00487-00122508-00122807 Rider in this configuration with the 22
A6baCfgrXeg-00488-00122808-00123060 magnum cylinder it retails for
A6baCfgrXeg-00489-00123061-00123557 229.99 on Gun Zone deals it's 158.99 so
A6baCfgrXeg-00490-00123558-00123940 just a fantastic price for a two caliber
A6baCfgrXeg-00491-00123941-00124151 single action little revolver when it
A6baCfgrXeg-00492-00124152-00124349 comes to just the 22 they're running
A6baCfgrXeg-00493-00124350-00124589 about a hundred and twenty dollars has a
A6baCfgrXeg-00494-00124590-00124727 lot to do with the different choices you
A6baCfgrXeg-00495-00124728-00124877 make with barrel length and with the
A6baCfgrXeg-00496-00124878-00125195 grips but very reasonable in price but
A6baCfgrXeg-00497-00125196-00125393 as a comparison something like a Ruger
A6baCfgrXeg-00498-00125394-00125554 Wrangler now the super Wrangler I
A6baCfgrXeg-00499-00125555-00125699 haven't gotten the price on because it
A6baCfgrXeg-00500-00125700-00125921 just came out but the standard Ruger
A6baCfgrXeg-00501-00125922-00126095 with the same type sights pretty much
A6baCfgrXeg-00502-00126096-00126365 very similar to this handgun is running
A6baCfgrXeg-00503-00126366-00126701 about 186 dollars so what are some pros
A6baCfgrXeg-00504-00126702-00126910 and cons of the Heritage Rough Rider
A6baCfgrXeg-00505-00126911-00127223 price is definitely a huge Pro tons of
A6baCfgrXeg-00506-00127224-00127421 different grip choices barrel lengths
A6baCfgrXeg-00507-00127422-00127673 finishes I mean there's just a lot that
A6baCfgrXeg-00508-00127674-00127865 they offer one thing that I really
A6baCfgrXeg-00509-00127866-00128033 thought was unique is they offer an
A6baCfgrXeg-00510-00128033-00128290 extra cylinder and it's just they'll
A6baCfgrXeg-00511-00128291-00128416 send it to you and you can put it
A6baCfgrXeg-00512-00128417-00128615 directly into your single action
A6baCfgrXeg-00513-00128616-00128873 revolver without it being timed and
A6baCfgrXeg-00514-00128874-00129071 that's one thing that is a danger for
A6baCfgrXeg-00515-00129072-00129340 just sending a cylinder so I've just
A6baCfgrXeg-00516-00129341-00129484 seen them on the website they have some
A6baCfgrXeg-00517-00129485-00129701 beautifully engraved ones I even thought
A6baCfgrXeg-00518-00129702-00129904 about getting one but you know you can
A6baCfgrXeg-00519-00129905-00130223 add a lot to this and you've paid a very
A6baCfgrXeg-00520-00130224-00130428 reasonable price for the firearm overall
A6baCfgrXeg-00521-00130429-00130871 22 magnum great for hunting even capable
A6baCfgrXeg-00522-00130872-00131177 of self-defense 22 long rifle I mean is
A6baCfgrXeg-00523-00131178-00131404 you can use for self-defense but it's
A6baCfgrXeg-00524-00131405-00131681 not near as optimal as most of your
A6baCfgrXeg-00525-00131682-00131813 self-defense calibers when you're
A6baCfgrXeg-00526-00131814-00132023 getting into 22 magnum it just gives you
A6baCfgrXeg-00527-00132024-00132269 a lot more ballistic capability and The
A6baCfgrXeg-00528-00132270-00132545 Recoil is very mild first-time Shooters
A6baCfgrXeg-00529-00132546-00132778 a camp gun you're not worried about it
A6baCfgrXeg-00530-00132779-00132977 because it's fairly inexpensive going
A6baCfgrXeg-00531-00132978-00133139 out in the woods and doing things with a
A6baCfgrXeg-00532-00133140-00133414 22. this just makes it a great option
A6baCfgrXeg-00533-00133415-00133763 some of the kinds first off you know is
A6baCfgrXeg-00534-00133764-00134014 the safety I'm not a big fan of having a
A6baCfgrXeg-00535-00134015-00134261 safety on here but it does block the
A6baCfgrXeg-00536-00134262-00134464 hammer and it does give you a safety and
A6baCfgrXeg-00537-00134465-00134602 I like the way they've integrated it
A6baCfgrXeg-00538-00134603-00134866 into the frame but it's still a safety
A6baCfgrXeg-00539-00134867-00135137 and you know I'm just not a big fan of
A6baCfgrXeg-00540-00135138-00135299 that but if they're going to add one
A6baCfgrXeg-00541-00135300-00135497 that's probably the best place to put it
A6baCfgrXeg-00542-00135498-00135731 one thing I do like though is beside the
A6baCfgrXeg-00543-00135732-00135964 clicks is bringing it to that half [__]
A6baCfgrXeg-00544-00135965-00136216 position or that loading position the
A6baCfgrXeg-00545-00136217-00136451 cylinder does move and it has that
A6baCfgrXeg-00546-00136452-00136685 detent to stop it and so it keeps it
A6baCfgrXeg-00547-00136686-00136859 from going around it's a very positive
A6baCfgrXeg-00548-00136860-00137164 click
A6baCfgrXeg-00549-00137165-00137447 I mean it's a very sound little revolver
A6baCfgrXeg-00550-00137448-00137590 especially for the price which is
A6baCfgrXeg-00551-00137591-00137819 surprising I like the hammer spur it's
A6baCfgrXeg-00552-00137820-00138052 got a nice texturing on it the grips are
A6baCfgrXeg-00553-00138053-00138281 beautiful the zinc alloy frame you know
A6baCfgrXeg-00554-00138282-00138551 the finish on it is not the best and
A6baCfgrXeg-00555-00138552-00138773 that's just because of the properties of
A6baCfgrXeg-00556-00138774-00139007 the zinc and so you know it's just one
A6baCfgrXeg-00557-00139008-00139157 of those things that allows you to have
A6baCfgrXeg-00558-00139158-00139414 a low priced single action revolver
A6baCfgrXeg-00559-00139415-00139678 pretty much back here it's a lot better
A6baCfgrXeg-00560-00139679-00140027 or more well finished and I'm just again
A6baCfgrXeg-00561-00140028-00140266 I'm not sure if this is zinc alloy or
A6baCfgrXeg-00562-00140267-00140483 not according to the website I think it
A6baCfgrXeg-00563-00140484-00140663 is but they put a coating on it and I
A6baCfgrXeg-00564-00140664-00140866 like that smoother coating I would like
A6baCfgrXeg-00565-00140867-00141071 it to be on this area right here at the
A6baCfgrXeg-00566-00141072-00141275 top of the frame I think it would add a
A6baCfgrXeg-00567-00141276-00141527 lot to it the sights you know they're
A6baCfgrXeg-00568-00141528-00141743 just your standard single action sites
A6baCfgrXeg-00569-00141744-00141977 and more traditional than your
A6baCfgrXeg-00570-00141978-00142145 adjustable sights on the super Wrangler
A6baCfgrXeg-00571-00142146-00142354 and so that's not really a pro or con
A6baCfgrXeg-00572-00142355-00142595 it's just what you like overall I think
A6baCfgrXeg-00573-00142596-00142871 for the price this is a great option and
A6baCfgrXeg-00574-00142872-00143051 if you want something just inexpensive
A6baCfgrXeg-00575-00143052-00143278 to take out and plink if you just kind
A6baCfgrXeg-00576-00143279-00143440 of want to get into single actions just
A6baCfgrXeg-00577-00143441-00143573 to see what they're all about I think
A6baCfgrXeg-00578-00143574-00143759 this is a great one to start with so
A6baCfgrXeg-00579-00143760-00144028 guys I highly recommend having a 22
A6baCfgrXeg-00580-00144029-00144239 single action revolver I mean they're a
A6baCfgrXeg-00581-00144240-00144437 lot of fun they have a lot of purposes
A6baCfgrXeg-00582-00144438-00144737 great for target shooting plinking but
A6baCfgrXeg-00583-00144738-00145013 also pest control and for hunting and
A6baCfgrXeg-00584-00145014-00145240 again it just slows things down a bit
A6baCfgrXeg-00585-00145241-00145493 and with 22 long rifle cheap to shoot
A6baCfgrXeg-00586-00145494-00145816 easy report great to take kids out to
A6baCfgrXeg-00587-00145817-00146051 shoot you know I mean it's just slow to
A6baCfgrXeg-00588-00146052-00146285 load slow to fire but man there's
A6baCfgrXeg-00589-00146286-00146489 something really satisfying about a
A6baCfgrXeg-00590-00146490-00146723 single action revolver plus I get to
A6baCfgrXeg-00591-00146724-00146902 wear them a cowboy hat and we really
A6baCfgrXeg-00592-00146903-00147059 appreciate the guys over at Gun Zone
A6baCfgrXeg-00593-00147060-00147233 deals for sending the Heritage Rough
A6baCfgrXeg-00594-00147234-00147490 Rider for this review those guys really
A6baCfgrXeg-00595-00147491-00147713 help us out a lot to bring a lot of cool
A6baCfgrXeg-00596-00147714-00147977 guns to you guys because you know it's
A6baCfgrXeg-00597-00147978-00148277 all about being cool be strong be of
A6baCfgrXeg-00598-00148278-00148552 good courage God Bless America long live
A6baCfgrXeg-00599-00148553-00149573 the republic
A6baCfgrXeg-00600-00149574-00150127 foreign
A6baCfgrXeg-00601-00150128-00150780 [Music]
A6baCfgrXeg-00602-00150781-00152148 [Music]
A6baCfgrXeg-00603-00152149-00153551 [Music]
A6baCfgrXeg-00604-00153552-00153814 guys a Rough Rider it's holding up to
A6baCfgrXeg-00605-00153815-00154001 rough conditions oh man
A6baCfgrXeg-00606-00154002-00154278 we're not this is not rough conditions
A6baCfgrXeg-00607-00154279-00154528 cimarron's different guns that are
A6baCfgrXeg-00608-00154529-00154661 actually fairly
A6baCfgrXeg-00609-00154662-00154883 one of the big things is that it's just
A6baCfgrXeg-00610-00154884-00155195 good not alive
A6baCfgrXeg-00611-00155196-00155513 just has that really nice four click
A6baCfgrXeg-00612-00155514-00155789 I mean it just
A6baCfgrXeg-00613-00155790-00156149 Heritage Rough Rider for this review and
A6baCfgrXeg-00614-00156150-00156347 and to give me something to take to the
A6baCfgrXeg-00615-00156348-00156444 range
A6baCfgrXeg-00616-00156445-00156569 [Music]
A6baCfgrXeg-00617-00156570-00156840 that sounded
A6baCfgrXeg-00618-00156841-00157349 just goofy is that it's just a
A6baCfgrXeg-00619-00157350-00157643 I don't want to say this
A6baCfgrXeg-00620-00157644-00157937 I don't know what I'm saying these birds
A6baCfgrXeg-00621-00157938-00159004 are so loud
A6baCfgrXeg-00622-00159005-00159248 foreign
A7g86ADT4TA-00000-00001843-00002046 this is past richer and you are watching
A7g86ADT4TA-00001-00002047-00002232 anchored in Christ a vlog from Saint
A7g86ADT4TA-00002-00002233-00002397 Paul's Lutheran Church to know what we
A7g86ADT4TA-00003-00002398-00002576 believe and why we believe it to be
A7g86ADT4TA-00004-00002577-00002763 anchored and Christ's word for us now
A7g86ADT4TA-00005-00002764-00002910 this week we're looking at Luke chapter
A7g86ADT4TA-00006-00002911-00003143 11 it is a prayer that Jesus has taught
A7g86ADT4TA-00007-00003144-00003375 us to pray it is yes that most famous of
A7g86ADT4TA-00008-00003376-00003564 all those prayers the Lord's Prayer
A7g86ADT4TA-00009-00003565-00003761 indeed the Lord's Prayer now when it
A7g86ADT4TA-00010-00003762-00003915 comes to the Lord's Prayer many of you
A7g86ADT4TA-00011-00003915-00004079 have studied the Lord's Prayer in
A7g86ADT4TA-00012-00004080-00004266 confirmation all those petitions laying
A7g86ADT4TA-00013-00004267-00004443 out each section of the Lord's Prayer
A7g86ADT4TA-00014-00004444-00004635 others of you you pray that Lord's
A7g86ADT4TA-00015-00004636-00004845 Prayer a daily basis and many of you
A7g86ADT4TA-00016-00004846-00005052 will play pray at every single week
A7g86ADT4TA-00017-00005053-00005292 during a church service and even
A7g86ADT4TA-00018-00005293-00005489 Hollywood you'll find Hollywood having
A7g86ADT4TA-00019-00005490-00005639 the Lord's Prayer in their movies
A7g86ADT4TA-00020-00005640-00005853 individuals praying in the midst of
A7g86ADT4TA-00021-00005854-00006081 something bad happening but with that
A7g86ADT4TA-00022-00006082-00006324 stated let us consider for a moment in a
A7g86ADT4TA-00023-00006325-00006609 very broad brush what we are praying
A7g86ADT4TA-00024-00006609-00006858 against in that Lord's Prayer yes what
A7g86ADT4TA-00025-00006859-00007050 we're praying against I'm reminded of
A7g86ADT4TA-00026-00007051-00007271 several years ago a parishioner named
A7g86ADT4TA-00027-00007272-00007460 Vince and Vince was going to be dying
A7g86ADT4TA-00028-00007461-00007617 and I remember being at the hospital
A7g86ADT4TA-00029-00007618-00007814 with him on a Friday evening and we knew
A7g86ADT4TA-00030-00007815-00007977 later that evening that he wasn't going
A7g86ADT4TA-00031-00007978-00008156 to make it through that night and so I
A7g86ADT4TA-00032-00008158-00008331 remember holding Vince's hand praying
A7g86ADT4TA-00033-00008332-00008508 with him and we pray the Lord's Prayer
A7g86ADT4TA-00034-00008509-00008715 together Benson I and then after the
A7g86ADT4TA-00035-00008716-00008832 prayer I looked up and I said you know
A7g86ADT4TA-00036-00008833-00009006 Vince when it comes to this Lord's
A7g86ADT4TA-00037-00009007-00009168 Prayer this is the last time that you
A7g86ADT4TA-00038-00009169-00009420 and I will be praying this together yes
A7g86ADT4TA-00039-00009421-00009633 indeed you see living that night Vince
A7g86ADT4TA-00040-00009634-00009846 passed away into the arms of Jesus his
A7g86ADT4TA-00041-00009847-00010017 soul went to paradise to be with Christ
A7g86ADT4TA-00042-00010018-00010266 where he was freed yes he was freed from
A7g86ADT4TA-00043-00010267-00010494 this old Adam he was freed from the
A7g86ADT4TA-00044-00010495-00010656 attacks of the devil he was freed from
A7g86ADT4TA-00045-00010657-00010889 the ideologies of this world you see
A7g86ADT4TA-00046-00010890-00011007 when it comes to the Lord's Prayer we
A7g86ADT4TA-00047-00011008-00011259 are praying exactly against those three
A7g86ADT4TA-00048-00011260-00011517 foes those three adversaries that we
A7g86ADT4TA-00049-00011518-00011676 have in life obviously we pray against
A7g86ADT4TA-00050-00011677-00011913 the devil in the Lord's Prayer we pray
A7g86ADT4TA-00051-00011914-00012123 against the ideologies of the world but
A7g86ADT4TA-00052-00012124-00012321 we also are praying against ourselves
A7g86ADT4TA-00053-00012322-00012578 we're praying against ourselves that all
A7g86ADT4TA-00054-00012579-00012849 Adam the sinful nature that wants what
A7g86ADT4TA-00055-00012850-00013046 it wants when it wants whenever it wants
A7g86ADT4TA-00056-00013047-00013316 hit all the time so if you think about
A7g86ADT4TA-00057-00013318-00013533 it when we are saying we want the Lord's
A7g86ADT4TA-00058-00013534-00013833 name to be made great we pray a hallowed
A7g86ADT4TA-00059-00013834-00014055 and holy be your name Lord God because
A7g86ADT4TA-00060-00014056-00014213 the fact of the matter is we want our
A7g86ADT4TA-00061-00014215-00014460 name to be great we also pray against
A7g86ADT4TA-00062-00014461-00014798 the the will of our old sinful nature we
A7g86ADT4TA-00063-00014799-00015003 pray for God's will not our will to be
A7g86ADT4TA-00064-00015004-00015207 done we pray that our sin
A7g86ADT4TA-00065-00015208-00015486 would be forgiven because indeed we sin
A7g86ADT4TA-00066-00015487-00015696 much with this old Adam so as we think
A7g86ADT4TA-00067-00015697-00015879 about this Lord's Prayer we pray it with
A7g86ADT4TA-00068-00015880-00015947 faith
A7g86ADT4TA-00069-00015949-00016158 obviously with faith only Christians who
A7g86ADT4TA-00070-00016159-00016392 have faith can pray but we're praying
A7g86ADT4TA-00071-00016393-00016620 because we are simultaneously at the
A7g86ADT4TA-00072-00016621-00016842 same time sinner and Saint we're praying
A7g86ADT4TA-00073-00016843-00017073 against that old Adam that sinful nature
A7g86ADT4TA-00074-00017074-00017289 and we will pray this Lord's Prayer all
A7g86ADT4TA-00075-00017290-00017538 the way up until our death and then once
A7g86ADT4TA-00076-00017539-00017763 we die we are freed from this old Adam
A7g86ADT4TA-00077-00017764-00018003 we're freed from the attacks of the
A7g86ADT4TA-00078-00018004-00018240 flaming darts of the Evil One we're free
A7g86ADT4TA-00079-00018241-00018423 from this ideologies of the world were
A7g86ADT4TA-00080-00018424-00018582 freed into the arms of Jesus
A7g86ADT4TA-00081-00018583-00018786 so this Lord's Prayer if we consider it
A7g86ADT4TA-00082-00018787-00018987 as we teach it as we pondered it is a
A7g86ADT4TA-00083-00018988-00019275 prayer for us as Christians as we wore
A7g86ADT4TA-00084-00019276-00019494 and as we have a battle in this life
A7g86ADT4TA-00085-00019495-00019707 under the Sun as we wore against the
A7g86ADT4TA-00086-00019708-00019926 devil as we war against the ideologies
A7g86ADT4TA-00087-00019927-00020154 of the world as we war against ourselves
A7g86ADT4TA-00088-00020155-00020463 our sinful nature so there you have it
A7g86ADT4TA-00089-00020464-00020634 when it comes to Vince he no longer has
A7g86ADT4TA-00090-00020635-00020757 to pray that Lord's Prayer cuz he's
A7g86ADT4TA-00091-00020758-00020919 freed from the devil he's freed from the
A7g86ADT4TA-00092-00020920-00020955 world
A7g86ADT4TA-00093-00020956-00021156 he's also freed from his old Adam but
A7g86ADT4TA-00094-00021157-00021327 you and I right now we are still alive
A7g86ADT4TA-00095-00021328-00021564 in this vale of tears so we will
A7g86ADT4TA-00096-00021565-00021738 continually pray this Lord's Prayer as
A7g86ADT4TA-00097-00021739-00021960 we fight this good fight against the
A7g86ADT4TA-00098-00021961-00022206 devil against the world and against yes
A7g86ADT4TA-00099-00022207-00022488 our sinful nature I hope this helps and
A7g86ADT4TA-00100-00022489-00024748 we'll catch you next time
A7g86ADT4TA-00101-00024749-00025033 you
A7g86ADT4TA-00102-00025034-00025321 [Music]
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00000-00000000-00000286 this is a giant mace where 100 players
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00001-00000287-00000473 will be trapped in trying to escape
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00002-00000474-00000647 within the maze there's dangerous
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00003-00000648-00000839 creatures deadly traps and lastly
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00004-00000840-00001012 creatures from the depths of Hell
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00005-00001013-00001253 players are also set to hardcore modes
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00006-00001254-00001469 so they only have one life for every
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00007-00001470-00001660 subscriber I get on this video I will be
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00008-00001661-00001847 placing one TNT on my friend's hardcore
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00009-00001848-00002068 world so don't miss your chance this is
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00010-00002069-00002321 the 100 player Maze Runner simulation
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00011-00002322-00002591 and their Story begins with phase one
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00012-00002592-00002825 Insider players Begin by being brought
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00013-00002826-00003023 up through the elevator into an area
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00014-00003024-00003263 above which is called the glaze the goal
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00015-00003264-00003461 here is for them to stack up Tuck to
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00016-00003461-00003713 NPCs to trade with them and to prepare
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00017-00003714-00003935 for phase two that's when the doors will
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00018-00003936-00004145 open up for the first time this was
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00019-00004146-00004343 where people who have lived here for a
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00020-00004344-00004588 while decided to call their home though
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00021-00004589-00004763 they are surrounded by huge concrete
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00022-00004764-00004919 walls and no means of Escape they live
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00023-00004920-00005135 happy here since there was an influx of
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00024-00005136-00005356 players which we'll be calling gladers
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00025-00005357-00005585 that came up the elevator the resources
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00026-00005586-00005806 quickly began to deplete such as wood
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00027-00005807-00006118 grass and even food within barrels you
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00028-00006119-00006311 Nomads and if that didn't help you
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00029-00006312-00006460 realize what type of people they are
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00030-00006461-00006628 they decided to destroy the one tent
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00031-00006629-00006851 that they had one of the only houses in
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00032-00006852-00007067 this small area what the heck a notable
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00033-00007068-00007289 place was this waterfall that seemed to
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00034-00007290-00007481 come out of a sewage pipe it's a little
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00035-00007481-00007684 weird I know I think it got even weirder
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00036-00007686-00007883 when there was actually someone in there
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00037-00007884-00008033 I wouldn't trust that dude up there if
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00038-00008034-00008219 my life depended on it but that didn't
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00039-00008220-00008471 stop people from getting curious very
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00040-00008472-00008699 quickly there were a few notable locals
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00041-00008700-00008939 to look out for Thomas Who Sold Spartan
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00042-00008940-00009196 Weaponry new Who Sold tools Chuck Who
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00043-00009197-00009509 Sold backpacks and lastly frypan who saw
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00044-00009510-00009724 water canteen everything you'd ever need
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00045-00009725-00009917 to survive in this dystopian world can
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00046-00009918-00010121 be obtained by simply trading with them
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00047-00010122-00010355 also players are given choices to choose
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00048-00010356-00010535 how they want their story to be within
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00049-00010536-00010727 each face as one of the creators of The
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00050-00010728-00010955 Outsiders s p these players are Gonna
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00051-00010956-00011219 Get No Remorse after everyone started
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00052-00011220-00011483 getting situated within the area I then
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00053-00011484-00011692 expanded it a bit extending to the
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00054-00011693-00011921 forest within the Glade might not seem
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00055-00011922-00012113 like much but the players were given the
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00056-00012114-00012328 choice to stay out in the open with no
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00057-00012329-00012592 danger or explore a new area there's
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00058-00012593-00012791 also a secret in the forest that's
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00059-00012792-00012988 hidden it seemed like most wanted to
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00060-00012989-00013222 stay within the safe area to make farms
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00061-00013223-00013486 and stability for their teams which I
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00062-00013487-00013744 don't blame while the other 20 were
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00063-00013745-00014015 Mining and exploring into the four depth
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00064-00014016-00014194 some are said to even lose their minds
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00065-00014195-00014393 in there honestly I'd be terrified of
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00066-00014394-00014572 the place if I was in there soon they
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00067-00014573-00014813 realized why this area was closed off in
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00068-00014813-00014986 the first place it's because there were
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00069-00014987-00015280 infected players infesting the entire
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00070-00015281-00015701 Forest oh geez oh yeah they're infected
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00071-00015702-00015953 in the in the forest it's not a pleasant
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00072-00015954-00016103 cycle they're just kniving them away
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00073-00016104-00016283 there's so many you guys got to be
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00074-00016284-00016517 careful some decided to use the vines to
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00075-00016518-00016775 get up to safety While others used more
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00076-00016776-00016997 bloody tactics like throwing knives that
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00077-00016998-00017200 they bought from new regardless it was a
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00078-00017201-00017422 death trap unless you had meat Shields
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00079-00017423-00017597 AKA teammates you know you could just
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00080-00017598-00017741 call it whatever you want at this point
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00081-00017742-00017975 oh wow there is so many that have died
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00082-00017976-00018155 poor thing the notable things that could
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00083-00018156-00018389 be found is the Farms the runners house
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00084-00018390-00018647 the lake and lastly the plane yeah you
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00085-00018648-00018779 heard me right there's a plane in here
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00086-00018780-00019043 within the plane lied a secret entrance
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00087-00019044-00019379 to this lab that's right a crash landed
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00088-00019380-00019547 plane that's been there for a few days
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00089-00019548-00019775 now but it's very well hitting amongst
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00090-00019776-00020008 it leaves and trees but don't be fooled
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00091-00020009-00020207 by it just being a plane because there
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00092-00020208-00020447 is infected inside there is a wrist this
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00093-00020448-00020614 is Xander one of the survivors was
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00094-00020615-00020843 closing near the secret laboratory that
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00095-00020844-00021058 only has one entrance so you cannot get
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00096-00021059-00021293 in there any other way but I mean it
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00097-00021294-00021485 didn't really stop them from trying of
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00098-00021486-00021671 course others thought to break the walls
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00099-00021672-00021857 that confined them but to their surprise
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00100-00021858-00022036 there was a barrier while stopping them
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00101-00022037-00022199 it wasn't going to be that easy come on
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00102-00022200-00022367 give me some credit people can't escape
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00103-00022368-00022564 that easily something interesting that
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00104-00022565-00022786 was going on above ground though was
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00105-00022787-00022972 sand scouted there's a big reason for
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00106-00022973-00023236 this sand is a very scarce resource here
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00107-00023237-00023441 and it's used to make water bottles but
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00108-00023442-00023627 why are water bottles even important in
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00109-00023628-00023869 the first place help I'm not healing
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00110-00023870-00024055 water bro
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00111-00024056-00024328 to Simply put there's a mod that we
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00112-00024329-00024497 added that makes it so there's actually
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00113-00024498-00024749 a thirst bar on par with the hunger bar
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00114-00024750-00024947 so if you're thirsty and you run out of
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00115-00024948-00025186 thirst you will slow down and you cannot
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00116-00025187-00025367 Sprint with that information in mind
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00117-00025368-00025564 this just means that every single player
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00118-00025565-00025787 needs at least one a water bottle so
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00119-00025788-00026008 some began to monopolize this by taking
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00120-00026010-00026218 all of the sand I Gotta Give Them props
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00121-00026219-00026345 I wouldn't have even thought of this
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00122-00026345-00026537 let's move on to the team Side of
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00123-00026538-00026789 Everything team one is melo's team his
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00124-00026789-00026968 team is called Legion you'll know it's
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00125-00026969-00027161 them based off of their Spartan armor
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00126-00027162-00027352 they were in search of a place to make a
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00127-00027354-00027757 base for elite
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00128-00027758-00028012 I see they've run into the local and the
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00129-00028013-00028246 Agricultural Revolution begins all right
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00130-00028247-00028414 start uh building up a little wall build
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00131-00028416-00028589 up a little wall around this place and
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00132-00028589-00028751 let's start planting some food I got a
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00133-00028752-00028901 ton of seeds so let's plant that team
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00134-00028902-00029140 two the baller owned by Xander you guys
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00135-00029141-00029333 thought of a place to make a base yet I
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00136-00029333-00029531 have not bought the pool is over in that
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00137-00029532-00029693 corner so I think I'm taking over the um
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00138-00029694-00029885 the waterfall area they are basing at
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00139-00029886-00030089 the corner around the lake they had a
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00140-00030089-00030268 pretty big group and sure knew how to
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00141-00030269-00030443 keep themselves entertained what are
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00142-00030444-00030577 they doing
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00143-00030577-00030874 team three was the Crimson but we see
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00144-00030875-00031018 them a little bit more later in the
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00145-00031019-00031199 video so just keep an eye on them let's
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00146-00031200-00031390 just hope that these teams stack up and
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00147-00031391-00031595 make good bases because once the mobs
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00148-00031595-00031835 start rolling in only a few Will Survive
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00149-00031836-00032033 a plus side to making a base is also
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00150-00032033-00032290 that my mod will lemons will choose one
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00151-00032291-00032470 of the bases amongst the team that will
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00152-00032472-00032639 receive a Loot Crate filled with
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00153-00032639-00032933 netherre in it does he do it he's just
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00154-00032934-00033061 walking around
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00155-00033062-00033377 lopsided what even as you can see some
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00156-00033378-00033533 Infected decide decided to take
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00157-00033534-00033862 different tactics yeah uh I don't know
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00158-00033863-00034012 if you'll actually reach anywhere going
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00159-00034013-00034229 like that after some time it passed for
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00160-00034230-00034457 the glaters their bases began to form
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00161-00034458-00034696 into pretty respectable sizes look at
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00162-00034697-00034871 the baller's base they've got some tall
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00163-00034872-00035021 walls and it goes all the way around
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00164-00035022-00035231 this corner farms and they have quite
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00165-00035232-00035465 the bit of organization plus they're the
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00166-00035466-00035627 biggest team at the moment there was a
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00167-00035628-00035861 Shack nearby at the back of the glaive
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00168-00035862-00036112 tucked away and has infected swarming in
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00169-00036113-00036299 it we met one of their victims doesn't
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00170-00036300-00036479 look very pleasant this is where things
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00171-00036480-00036695 took a horrible turn oh that's smart
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00172-00036696-00036983 that's so smart they put one of the NPCs
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00173-00036984-00037205 that are required for a backpack in a
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00174-00037206-00037349 boat and I think they might be hiding
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00175-00037350-00037573 him are you guys kidnapping Chuck
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00176-00037574-00037799 don't you dare laugh it off I know what
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00177-00037800-00038195 you're up to this looks so so weird just
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00178-00038196-00038333 because I was looking for him right in
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00179-00038334-00038640 the house
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00180-00038641-00038909 you can't lie to me I see what's going
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00181-00038910-00039143 on here I see everything Sly dog
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00182-00039144-00039359 monopolizing the sound was one thing but
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00183-00039360-00039617 monopolizing the end PCS talk about
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00184-00039618-00039833 ambitious I can't even make this up bruh
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00185-00039834-00040007 y'all are on something I wonder where
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00186-00040008-00040199 he's gonna end up by the end of it going
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00187-00040200-00040439 back to Team One Legion they decided to
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00188-00040440-00040655 make a base at the lake within the fort
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00189-00040656-00040937 why I don't really know I find this very
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00190-00040938-00041123 difficult because the infected will just
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00191-00041124-00041309 constantly berate you but hey maybe they
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00192-00041310-00041459 know something I don't know my problem
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00193-00041460-00041723 Legions team leader Melo decided to try
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00194-00041724-00041909 utilizing the fact that there was no
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00195-00041910-00042130 sand around as well I wonder where this
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00196-00042131-00042352 is gonna turn into Melo also decided to
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00197-00042353-00042545 mine into the wall to also discover that
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00198-00042546-00042712 there's barriers preventing them from
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00199-00042713-00042923 going into the maze back to team Ballers
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00200-00042924-00043115 their Farms are looking snazzy they're
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00201-00043116-00043330 honestly the best place so far in my
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00202-00043331-00043499 opinion every time I come back to team
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00203-00043500-00043702 baller their team gets bigger and bigger
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00204-00043703-00043901 I swear they're multiplying there were
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00205-00043902-00044105 carvings by their wall that wrote We Are
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00206-00044106-00044333 doomed I guessed or lose hope even
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00207-00044334-00044507 though that does sound good then things
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00208-00044508-00044789 got pretty dark again Xander and me have
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00209-00044790-00045052 a little bit of a talk about kidnapping
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00210-00045053-00045421 go check up on the engineer real quick
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00211-00045422-00045671 yo I've been hearing things about people
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00212-00045672-00046440 kidnapping the NPCs
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00213-00046441-00046655 you don't see anything
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00214-00046656-00046883 um yeah okay so another NPC got
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00215-00046884-00047033 kidnapped I'm starting to see a common
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00216-00047034-00047273 pattern here and I don't know how I feel
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00217-00047274-00047518 about this so the NPC that they managed
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00218-00047519-00047729 to hide was a hidden engineer that the
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00219-00047730-00047957 Ballers found by the sewer pipe the
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00220-00047958-00048118 engineer which drops the most useful
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00221-00048119-00048268 items they need to actually make
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00222-00048269-00048485 progress the gatekeeping is real above
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00223-00048486-00048730 them was an Empire soon to rise to the
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00224-00048731-00049024 top of their ranks the British Empire I
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00225-00049025-00049235 was also owned by big big crime yeah
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00226-00049236-00049390 that's that's a name what you doing up
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00227-00049391-00049552 here but you got your little Empire
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00228-00049553-00049774 going on oh wait you got a farm too
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00229-00049775-00049990 interesting I'm gonna give you I'm gonna
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00230-00049991-00050171 give you some cakes there you go
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00231-00050172-00050351 that's for you good luck besides the
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00232-00050352-00050501 teams that are going around kidnapping
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00233-00050502-00050740 people the nicer glaters would set up a
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00234-00050741-00050951 safe area but it does bring up some
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00235-00050952-00051130 interesting questions because why would
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00236-00051131-00051340 you even need a safe area are they
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00237-00051341-00051514 planning on starting a war or something
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00238-00051515-00051785 I decided that I would actually start
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00239-00051786-00051982 getting involved as well I wanted to be
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00240-00051983-00052163 a puppeteer so I went out of my way to
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00241-00052164-00052361 strike a deal with a glater named Xander
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00242-00052362-00052565 Xander I have a bit of a proposition for
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00243-00052566-00052853 you if you like to make a deal oh a deal
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00244-00052854-00052997 I mean what type of deal you want about
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00245-00052998-00053141 as you know the maze is going to be
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00246-00053141-00053309 opening up soon and you don't seem to
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00247-00053310-00053519 have a lot of resources like armor or
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00248-00053520-00053675 weapons I can give you that stuff no
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00249-00053676-00053861 sweat but what you gotta do is abandon
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00250-00053862-00054197 your team and betray them so but don't
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00251-00054198-00054365 worry you're not only sabotaging your
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00252-00054366-00054526 own team but you're also sabotaging
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00253-00054527-00054719 every team on the server so I sabotage
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00254-00054720-00054935 my teammates but I get the sabotage up I
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00255-00054936-00055121 think it's worth it I'm down what does
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00256-00055122-00055300 this do what do I have to do then the
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00257-00055301-00055487 maze doors are opening very soon and
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00258-00055488-00055649 once those doors open all you gotta do
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00259-00055650-00055829 is convince your team and every other
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00260-00055829-00056021 team to take the chance and go into the
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00261-00056022-00056466 Maze and since you're helping me out
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00262-00056467-00056753 this is Xander's first victim being a
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00263-00056754-00056921 person that kind of eavesdropped a
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00264-00056922-00057113 little bit on our conversation but it's
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00265-00057114-00057316 all going according plan good job Xander
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00266-00057317-00057454 that's what I like to see as you just
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00267-00057455-00057623 saw though I was just talking to Adrian
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00268-00057624-00057869 and um he was telling me that um in the
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00269-00057870-00058037 Maze there's a lot of these crystals
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00270-00058038-00058294 which we will need so he was he was
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00271-00058295-00058409 pretty much telling me that as soon as
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00272-00058410-00058535 we go in the Maze like as soon as the
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00273-00058536-00058691 doors open we need to go in the Maze and
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00274-00058691-00058882 grab these crystals but yeah he said
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00275-00058883-00059111 these crystals are very um very valuable
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00276-00059112-00059326 in the long run and the people who don't
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00277-00059327-00059530 have the crystals are probably gonna not
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00278-00059532-00059663 gonna they're probably not gonna make it
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00279-00059664-00059849 too far during all of this the Ballers
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00280-00059850-00060016 that were above ground were extending
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00281-00060017-00060203 the walls even further it was an
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00282-00060204-00060353 extension to the wall that they already
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00283-00060354-00060587 had and honestly I like the look of it
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00284-00060588-00060779 after a bit Xander went to search for
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00285-00060779-00060976 other teams to continue convincing them
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00286-00060977-00061163 to go into the maze he's kind of like a
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00287-00061164-00061385 preacher the legion left their Corner
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00288-00061386-00061576 this was where Legion has moved to now
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00289-00061577-00061750 they kind of made their own Walls Within
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00290-00061751-00061979 the walls a little ironic but you know
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00291-00061979-00062182 turns out that Chuck was actually under
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00292-00062183-00062344 their hostage now I don't know what
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00293-00062345-00062579 happened to the original kidnap I don't
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00294-00062579-00062735 think I actually want to know nevermind
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00295-00062736-00062909 Xander ended up finding his second
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00296-00062910-00063191 victim mellow the leader of Team Legion
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00297-00063191-00063388 20 more minutes left till phase two
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00298-00063389-00063599 begins and the walls open up remember
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00299-00063600-00063791 that crash plane well if you dig
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00300-00063791-00063935 underneath the plane you'll find out
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00301-00063936-00064115 that there's an entrance way into an
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00302-00064116-00064313 underground Laboratory story that was
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00303-00064314-00064594 underneath the Glade all this time no
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00304-00064595-00064769 one's yet to find it until now one
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00305-00064770-00064973 managed to find their way in and to
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00306-00064974-00065165 their surprise there was swarms of guard
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00307-00065166-00065338 there's actually a Loot Crate down there
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00308-00065339-00065500 as well with netherite that can be found
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00309-00065501-00065663 in one of these containers but the
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00310-00065664-00065909 guards do twice as much damage as any of
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00311-00065910-00066125 the infected have ever done it was
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00312-00066126-00066263 starting to look kind of like an ant
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00313-00066264-00066443 farm the way they tried getting into the
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00314-00066444-00066629 lab without finding the plane but
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00315-00066630-00066844 eventually the lab flooded in with Heap
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00316-00066845-00067043 so here we have a massacre I don't even
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00317-00067044-00067175 know what happened here it looks like a
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00318-00067176-00067373 crime scene some instead of fighting
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00319-00067374-00067571 these guards they ended up pouring lava
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00320-00067572-00067738 to these poor nine to five workers it
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00321-00067739-00067906 was about time we start judging the
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00322-00067907-00068129 bases this is the baller's bait they
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00323-00068130-00068309 really love their farms and they kidnap
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00324-00068310-00068537 the engineer this is the legion's base
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00325-00068538-00068753 it's also pretty farm heavy and they
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00326-00068754-00068993 also have tunnels and the kidnap chunks
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00327-00068994-00069155 yo what's with these guys in kidnapping
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00328-00069156-00069382 MCS have feelings too you know crimson's
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00329-00069383-00069532 base which we haven't seen much of was
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00330-00069533-00069719 actually above the maze door the
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00331-00069720-00069863 questionable on the placement you know
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00332-00069864-00070073 why they're an honorable mention but
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00333-00070074-00070313 then again I am not judge of this my mod
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00334-00070314-00070547 will lemons is the judge and I asked him
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00335-00070548-00070709 which base should be awarded The
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00336-00070710-00070900 netherright Loot Crate It's tricky
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00337-00070901-00071087 because they got interior design as well
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00338-00071088-00071291 alongside the farm oh yeah this is sick
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00339-00071292-00071537 I think which teams this is team uh
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00340-00071538-00071723 Legion yeah this is cool I think this I
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00341-00071724-00071849 think this is the winner yeah okay
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00342-00071850-00072173 gotcha team Legion is the winner what
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00343-00072174-00072467 the heck we won yeah oh my God thank you
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00344-00072468-00072623 guys guys guys guys guys guys guys guys
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00345-00072624-00072832 we won the build event we got a ton of
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00346-00072833-00073079 lose not too soon later some big changes
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00347-00073080-00073337 happen to the Glade phase two the maze
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00348-00073338-00073691 doors glaters are given to choices do
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00349-00073692-00073925 you and your team explore the Maze and
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00350-00073926-00074165 what it has to offer or do you and your
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00351-00074166-00074399 team stay behind stack up a little bit
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00352-00074400-00074609 more and wait to see what will happen
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00353-00074610-00074855 the door and as you can see some of the
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00354-00074856-00075035 glaters got a little bit impatient and
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00355-00075036-00075226 started stacking up at the entrance into
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00356-00075227-00075455 the maze there was a lot of interest in
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00357-00075456-00075635 what was actually in store for the play
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00358-00075636-00075821 the main places to note with in this
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00359-00075822-00076061 maze is the entrance the campsite which
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00360-00076062-00076282 will leave to phase three the expansion
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00361-00076283-00076499 and lastly pay close attention to the
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00362-00076500-00076667 blocks throughout the maze there's
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00363-00076668-00076888 several blocks that are very contrasting
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00364-00076889-00077081 they use those blocks to trade with the
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00365-00077082-00077297 NPC's back Glade so that's kind of like
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00366-00077298-00077549 a secondary value asides from finding an
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00367-00077550-00077806 escape the maze doors are now open wide
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00368-00077807-00077993 I would estimate it was around 20
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00369-00077994-00078256 glaters that went in shortly after more
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00370-00078257-00078455 gladers realized that the doors have
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00371-00078456-00078659 been kept open for a while now they
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00372-00078660-00078994 began to trust the maze they began to
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00373-00078995-00079288 trust me that's where it started going
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00374-00079289-00079487 wrong for them mellow the leader of
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00375-00079488-00079697 Legion was a little suspicious as to why
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00376-00079698-00079937 Xander was helping him despite my deal
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00377-00079938-00080147 and efforts mellow Felix something was
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00378-00080148-00080362 going down and it was gonna go down
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00379-00080363-00080579 pretty soon and he was right since the
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00380-00080580-00080765 maze doors had been open it's been 20
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00381-00080766-00080993 minutes after and I decided to close
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00382-00080994-00081197 them the people that are within the maze
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00383-00081198-00081419 are now being trial they took the risk
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00384-00081420-00081593 of being the first people into the maid
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00385-00081594-00081779 they'll also get the privilege of being
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00386-00081780-00081976 the first guinea pigs of the creatures
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00387-00081977-00082126 that live in the Maze the first
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00388-00082127-00082282 creatures that had to fight against
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00389-00082283-00082499 where known as Graver Grievers shoot
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00390-00082500-00082703 missiles off of their tails the shield
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00391-00082704-00082925 was the only one thing that was keeping
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00392-00082926-00083141 this man alive he had to go up some
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00393-00083142-00083431 Vines to even Escape it right oh no no
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00394-00083432-00083794 what guys there are mobs there are huge
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00395-00083795-00083999 mobs in here rivers surrounded this guy
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00396-00084000-00084256 in a prison outfit and he was blasted
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00397-00084257-00084434 out of reality
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00398-00084435-00084571 [Music]
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00399-00084572-00084785 let's just hope that the other is
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00400-00084786-00084965 trapped in this maze don't have the same
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00401-00084966-00085144 fate that would be pretty bad the people
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00402-00085145-00085312 that stayed in the Glade were also
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00403-00085313-00085529 finding weird things themselves such as
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00404-00085530-00085781 a dead body uh I'm not the only one
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00405-00085782-00086026 seeing this dead body right yeah I think
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00406-00086027-00086219 he was one of the sky people and they
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00407-00086220-00086506 fell off some of the glaters realized
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00408-00086507-00086699 just how risky it was out in the Maze
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00409-00086700-00086897 and wanted to return home to the Glade
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00410-00086898-00087088 but as soon as they got comfortable a
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00411-00087089-00087275 griever attacked them there was around
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00412-00087276-00087443 four people and they wanted to stick
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00413-00087444-00087629 together till the maze door opens up
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00414-00087630-00087826 again some glaters actually managed to
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00415-00087827-00088073 get to a d-spot this is known as the
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00416-00088074-00088265 campsite it's a camp that was abandoned
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00417-00088266-00088444 and ripped to shred they were attacked
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00418-00088445-00088637 by Grievers as well but they stood
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00419-00088638-00088876 strong with full iron armor and weapons
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00420-00088877-00089105 they bought from Thomas and they were
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00421-00089106-00089309 one of the first teams to actually kill
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00422-00089310-00089506 a griever they realized that it was a
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00423-00089507-00089693 hot spot for Grievers since it's where
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00424-00089694-00089885 the next expansion is going to be at
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00425-00089886-00090100 Rivers were swarming towards them with
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00426-00090101-00090323 no chill whatsoever they realized that
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00427-00090324-00090515 they were surrounded and went deeper
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00428-00090516-00090779 into the maze the deeper the go the more
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00429-00090780-00091012 frequently Grievers show up and to make
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00430-00091013-00091223 it even worse for them this is only the
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00431-00091224-00091403 first creature found in the mate they
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00432-00091404-00091588 block themselves in so they can heal up
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00433-00091589-00091793 and plan a way out of there the second
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00434-00091794-00091949 creature found in the Maze was this
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00435-00091950-00092147 thing called an Ender map Terra the map
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00436-00092148-00092362 Terror swarm started seeping a little
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00437-00092363-00092555 bit into the Glade without bull notice
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00438-00092556-00092765 they began to realize after a little bit
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00439-00092766-00092999 and that it was a bad sign what if the
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00440-00093000-00093221 map Terra decides swarm in the entire
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00441-00093222-00093437 Glade and because of this fear the
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00442-00093438-00093694 glaters decided to start attacking and
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00443-00093695-00093887 Exterminating the map Terra that's in
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00444-00093888-00094061 some were really terrified of these
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00445-00094062-00094181 creatures so they went through the
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00446-00094182-00094403 extremes of hiding within the walls and
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00447-00094404-00094612 pleading for help and I'm not gonna lie
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00448-00094613-00094841 I'd probably be just as scared there's a
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00449-00094842-00094991 bunch of structures which show that
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00450-00094992-00095194 people used to actually live around here
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00451-00095195-00095429 I wonder what happened to them after a
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00452-00095430-00095615 long night of being stuck in the Maze
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00453-00095616-00095855 being attacked by Grievers and the Ender
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00454-00095856-00096118 map Terra left to die of hunger within
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00455-00096119-00096394 there the sun rising open the main
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00456-00096395-00097403 Frontier
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00457-00097404-00097691 she's dancing free
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00458-00097692-00098009 in the field
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00459-00098010-00098650 and the Sun is
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00460-00098651-00098867 yeah I think I traumatized them they
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00461-00098868-00099035 soon realized that the maze Gates were
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00462-00099036-00099238 left open this time around a griever
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00463-00099239-00099449 tried sneaking into the Glade guys we
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00464-00099450-00099688 have a problem guys guys disagree work
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00465-00099689-00099988 inside out they come to like come to the
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00466-00099989-00100217 wall oh my God what the hell what is
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00467-00100218-00100332 that thing
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00468-00100333-00100624 oh my goodness what is that oh my gosh
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00469-00100625-00100811 they probably give good stuff save this
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00470-00100812-00101026 guy save this guy bro save himself bro
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00471-00101027-00101279 okay those more this then revealed to
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00472-00101280-00101524 the Glade what a griever really was and
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00473-00101525-00101705 looked like which put most of the people
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00474-00101706-00101999 into a big unease the Grievers and the
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00475-00102000-00102215 map Terra started working together and
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00476-00102216-00102466 started shooting at the glaters also we
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00477-00102467-00102706 found out that the map Terra can fly I
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00478-00102707-00102851 don't even know that while all of this
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00479-00102852-00103042 was going on I went to check on Zan
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00480-00103043-00103228 owner of Team baller they ended up
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00481-00103229-00103415 building a fallout shelter since they
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00482-00103416-00103613 realized that all hell might break loose
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00483-00103614-00103780 soon back to the army fighting to
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00484-00103781-00103966 protect the Glade all it would take is
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00485-00103967-00104177 four debts and the Grievers and map
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00486-00104178-00104416 Terra would have easy access to invade
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00487-00104417-00104615 the Glade something that I forgot to
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00488-00104616-00104777 mention until now is that there's
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00489-00104778-00104969 another Trader that lives within the
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00490-00104970-00105166 maze known as The Alchemist that was
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00491-00105167-00105371 left by the camp they give gladers the
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00492-00105372-00105593 option to buy explosives to their own
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00493-00105594-00105863 will is a bad idea probably with this
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00494-00105864-00106090 time map Tara swarmed the Alchemy back
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00495-00106091-00106234 at the glaive they were going through a
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00496-00106235-00106421 bit of a murder mystery someone was
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00497-00106422-00106571 killed right in front of the maze door
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00498-00106572-00106793 later swarmed around them like vulture
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00499-00106794-00107021 this wasn't the only dark thing going on
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00500-00107022-00107249 here as it turns out that guy that died
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00501-00107250-00107452 in front of the maze was mellow and one
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00502-00107453-00107663 of mellow's comrades decided to
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00503-00107664-00107843 sacrifice some they needed their leader
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00504-00107844-00108058 back a worthy sacrifice for the sake of
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00505-00108059-00108245 the team respect it welcome back to the
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00506-00108246-00108419 world of the living mellow later soon
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00507-00108420-00108623 find out there was a griever and map
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00508-00108624-00108821 Terror swarms All Over The Alchemist
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00509-00108822-00108995 there were still traps being triggered
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00510-00108996-00109157 the further into the maze that the
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00511-00109158-00109349 glaters went into just like this one
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00512-00109350-00109583 team bothers were mainly within the maze
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00513-00109583-00109775 searching for a way out but some wanted
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00514-00109776-00109997 to stay at home base to make sure that
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00515-00109998-00110183 none of the other groups robbed them and
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00516-00110183-00110501 then began phase three renewal now that
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00517-00110502-00110723 the Glade has its piece it was time to
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00518-00110724-00110945 begin the reign of terror an
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00519-00110946-00111136 announcement was set out to the glaters
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00520-00111138-00111304 that the doors will no longer close
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00521-00111305-00111515 regardless of how much time it passed
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00522-00111516-00111731 and any creature now can walk in the
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00523-00111732-00111923 Maze expands even further as well
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00524-00111924-00112139 allowing players to go farther into the
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00525-00112140-00112319 depth rumors start to spread about there
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00526-00112320-00112589 being a new Glade a second Glade but
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00527-00112590-00112763 it's just a rumor this second Glade
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00528-00112764-00112973 similar to this one but not the same as
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00529-00112974-00113201 theirs they're said to be people food
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00530-00113202-00113440 and even homes with functional doors
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00531-00113441-00113651 that block out the creatures which began
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00532-00113652-00113921 Choice number three some Runners decided
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00533-00113922-00114113 to run out to an unexplored area and
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00534-00114114-00114334 found a new place with Expedition held
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00535-00114335-00114569 to find and escape to the maze you or
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00536-00114570-00114766 your team stay behind and not explore
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00537-00114767-00114983 this new area or do you and your team go
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00538-00114983-00115145 with the people who decide to explore
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00539-00115146-00115373 this new area together to see what it
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00540-00115374-00115571 has to offer and carefully because this
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00541-00115572-00115721 is a big one most of the teams have
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00542-00115722-00115913 already created their bases here they
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00543-00115914-00116116 thought this was it it was home so they
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00544-00116117-00116290 just refused to leave While others
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00545-00116291-00116458 decided to go into the depths of the
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00546-00116459-00116608 maze the thing that they weren't aware
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00547-00116609-00116807 of was Glade one was starting to become
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00548-00116808-00117023 unstable Grievers began strolling in
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00549-00117024-00117269 from everywhere the gate the top
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00550-00117270-00117473 everywhere there is no longer a safe
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00551-00117474-00117671 place to be in at the place that they
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00552-00117672-00117893 once called home this was nearing the
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00553-00117894-00118097 end of the Glade team Ballers started to
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00554-00118098-00118360 hear explosions just like this one
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00555-00118361-00118619 the infected grew in numbers making it
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00556-00118620-00118769 really difficult for them to survive
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00557-00118770-00118960 within the Glade as well the maze that
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00558-00118961-00119134 they once feared had now become their
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00559-00119135-00119315 new Safe Haven from the creature team
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00560-00119316-00119554 Legion was no different as well the
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00561-00119555-00119801 Swarms also invaded their base causing
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00562-00119802-00119957 them to fall back into their fallout
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00563-00119958-00120119 shelter they prepared for themselves
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00564-00120120-00120371 they were falling under pressure don't
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00565-00120372-00120575 forget they only have one life if they
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00566-00120576-00120778 die here they die for good the team
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00567-00120779-00120958 dramatically lowers a number the
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00568-00120959-00121102 Grievers found a way to break in through
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00569-00121103-00122466 the roof attacking the bunker members
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00570-00122467-00122747 the other smaller teams didn't have it
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00571-00122748-00122975 any easier though the Grievers also
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00572-00122976-00123125 broke into the baller's base of
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00573-00123126-00123383 operation this place is in shambok
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00574-00123383-00123593 laters really started to think the
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00575-00123594-00123754 people living in the walls was honestly
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00576-00123755-00123928 some of the safest regardless of the
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00577-00123929-00124084 teams they gather in front of the maze
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00578-00124085-00124354 to enter and find the second Glade they
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00579-00124355-00124577 entered the campsite which was the right
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00580-00124578-00124769 direction to finding the second Glade
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00581-00124770-00124936 there were brave people thinking that
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00582-00124938-00125152 they can outrun a griever swarm like
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00583-00125153-00125399 what are you crazy bad idea despite
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00584-00125400-00125597 their setbacks they attacked the enemies
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00585-00125598-00125819 one by one working together to get to
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00586-00125820-00126065 the next area Xander 2 was doing the
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00587-00126066-00126275 same thing except he realized that there
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00588-00126276-00126484 was no barriers within the walls
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00589-00126485-00126695 themselves since I did announce the
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00590-00126696-00126869 general location of the second Glade
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00591-00126870-00127097 he'd be able to mine into it chaos
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00592-00127098-00127343 ensued both in the Glade and even now in
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00593-00127344-00127516 the mate what I didn't expect to come
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00594-00127517-00127697 out of this madness is a collaboration
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00595-00127698-00128002 between team Ballers and team Legion it
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00596-00128003-00128177 began with Xander trying to trick them
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00597-00128178-00128423 teaming up with them when push comes to
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00598-00128424-00128657 shove now planning to escaping the Mason
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00599-00128658-00128921 every major team is now within the maze
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00600-00128922-00129089 some closer to the second blade than
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00601-00129090-00129263 others all with the goal of trying to
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00602-00129264-00129497 either find a new area or a means to
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00603-00129498-00129851 escape this god-forsaken maid so many
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00604-00129852-00130001 dead people there is a lot of dead
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00605-00130002-00130199 people around you and you're right many
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00606-00130200-00130402 of the glaters had fallen victim them to
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00607-00130403-00130595 the mate they'll forever be remembered I
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00608-00130596-00130786 think but they pushed forward despite
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00609-00130788-00130973 the dark times that they're in it got to
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00610-00130974-00131152 a point where players ahead of them
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00611-00131153-00131363 started making paths for them to follow
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00612-00131364-00131573 to get to the next area ah how
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00613-00131574-00131771 thoughtful if only they'd warn them
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00614-00131772-00132052 about the danger dots.com a griever is
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00615-00132053-00132251 found blocking their pathway towards the
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00616-00132252-00132419 direction they need to go to so they try
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00617-00132420-00132587 shooting it down afterwards they
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00618-00132588-00132821 encountered two more Grievers in a brand
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00619-00132822-00133037 new more open area than the maze that
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00620-00133038-00133228 they were used to with slim turns it's
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00621-00133229-00133427 got a lot more space but also it's a lot
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00622-00133428-00135607 more ominous too
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00623-00135608-00135887 they were preparing for the worst group
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00624-00135888-00136133 mentality the sun had already started
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00625-00136134-00136349 setting which meant more Grievers would
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00626-00136350-00136535 spawn on them so they had to Pace they
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00627-00136536-00136709 took an Aquafina break
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00628-00136710-00136907 it was merely a sip so much for being
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00629-00136908-00137214 Hasty a lot something Big's coming
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00630-00137215-00137501 light works spider take him out wall
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00631-00137502-00137693 peek it won't peaky okay hey I'm pretty
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00632-00137694-00137928 weak let's make a water source
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00633-00137929-00138421 thing can I like add some stuff to it
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00634-00138422-00138702 I've got devil star charge
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00635-00138703-00138983 yeah yeah go on yeah hey what's your
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00636-00138984-00139127 luck heal up what we can left him alone
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00637-00139128-00139264 for a little while and they ended up
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00638-00139265-00139433 creating a farm due to the huge lack of
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00639-00139434-00139690 food and Grievers infecting them causing
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00640-00139691-00139883 them to get Hunger effect the maze had
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00641-00139884-00140099 another expansion leading them to a room
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00642-00140100-00140352 I like to call the blades
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00643-00140353-00140573 wait the ball to open the Border open
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00644-00140574-00140873 this is a nether right monstrosity a
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00645-00140874-00141035 creature straight out of the depths of
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00646-00141036-00141214 hell that's what's to come if they go
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00647-00141215-00141419 down this path they find a huge hole in
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00648-00141420-00141616 the Maze walls which seemed really weird
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00649-00141617-00141821 and that's because it is it's another
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00650-00141822-00142019 plane that crashed into the wall leaving
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00651-00142020-00142223 the remains in the maid this is when
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00652-00142224-00142409 some of the glaters notice that there is
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00653-00142410-00142643 another right monstrosity not only one
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00654-00142644-00142859 but three three of them and the fight
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00655-00142860-00143075 begins Glitters versus three Netherland
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00656-00143076-00143254 monstrosity
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00657-00143255-00143495 I broke the spawn oh they're in that
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00658-00143496-00143699 room I think what is this the netherite
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00659-00143700-00143921 monster City okay watch it watch it
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00660-00143922-00144137 watch it uh guys they have a lot of
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00661-00144138-00144202 Health
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00662-00144203-00144454 absolutely no more someone instead of
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00663-00144455-00144671 fighting the monsters decided to run a
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00664-00144672-00144869 marathon and Escape while other players
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00665-00144870-00145085 were distracting the boss and it worked
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00666-00145086-00145325 are they are more of them spawning in
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00667-00145326-00145528 why did he go through when he actually
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00668-00145529-00145621 made it
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00669-00145622-00145897 he made it
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00670-00145898-00146147 jeez as if the monsters weren't bad
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00671-00146148-00146314 enough Grievers started creeping up
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00672-00146315-00146501 behind them as more time passed the
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00673-00146502-00146687 creatures around were gathering up
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00674-00146688-00146837 giving them less of a chance of
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00675-00146838-00147028 surviving they were planning on how to
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00676-00147029-00147233 go about this monster most were hesitant
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00677-00147234-00147466 to go in I just gotta say arrows are
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00678-00147467-00147847 literally useless against this guy
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00679-00147848-00148385 oh Lord
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00680-00148386-00148601 oh they're not doing a single debt to
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00681-00148602-00148919 itself it's crazy guys
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00682-00148920-00149183 to a boss battle listen we could sit
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00683-00149184-00149339 here for as long as we want but we're
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00684-00149340-00149440 gonna have to fight them eventually
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00685-00149441-00149633 might as well just go in and just kills
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00686-00149634-00149945 if we die we die but yeah Grievers
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00687-00149946-00150178 Grievers Grievers behind us oh shoot
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00688-00150179-00150487 there's there's tons of grievers
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00689-00150488-00150802 what the heck what is that game could we
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00690-00150803-00150919 avoid him
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00691-00150920-00151228 he's taking it he's taking it push him
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00692-00151229-00151693 down push him down
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00693-00151694-00152039 don't pick up the bucket leave it
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00694-00152040-00152339 okay yeah we need to go left
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00695-00152340-00152602 I'm going let's go there's two there's
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00696-00152603-00152854 two they're firing bro we are not going
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00697-00152855-00153083 and after a bit of time they found a way
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00698-00153084-00153335 through the hellish location so they did
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00699-00153336-00153551 take the cheap way out they managed to
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00700-00153552-00153761 escape and survive they head further
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00701-00153762-00153947 into the maze in search of this second
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00702-00153948-00154151 Glade so I'm starting to think it's not
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00703-00154152-00154385 even real anymore many got a little luck
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00704-00154386-00154571 but found this place that looked like a
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00705-00154572-00154769 stone Beachside I don't know how I feel
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00706-00154770-00154925 about that it just kind of feels off
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00707-00154926-00155135 this is where they needed to go they're
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00708-00155136-00155351 taking us back no way wait what it's
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00709-00155352-00155652 different whoa
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00710-00155653-00155951 dude he led us back into the oh yeah I
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00711-00155952-00156095 forgot to mention that glaters don't
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00712-00156096-00156281 actually know about secular they were
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00713-00156282-00156425 merely just looking for a way out of the
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00714-00156426-00156616 maze so they are in for an interesting
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00715-00156617-00156928 find this is the second Glade home to
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00716-00156929-00157199 Mino and a ton of houses plus a huge
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00717-00157200-00157349 wall the thing that they didn't know
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00718-00157350-00157511 about place was the fact that it was
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00719-00157512-00157859 infected there's infected oh my God no
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00720-00157860-00158183 no I think there's people don't push
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00721-00158184-00158351 each other yeah there's tons of infected
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00722-00158352-00158531 yeah this is different this is different
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00723-00158532-00158909 whoa what the heck is this new area dude
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00724-00158910-00159107 is this a new Glade yeah there's a
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00725-00159108-00159287 couple abandoned places the gladiers
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00726-00159288-00159431 that were alive at this point was around
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00727-00159432-00159695 30 of them left I believe ended up here
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00728-00159696-00159928 in the second Glade they got comfortable
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00729-00159929-00160126 but there was no Escape they were back
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00730-00160127-00160343 into a state where they already began at
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00731-00160344-00160649 trap Mino though sold upgraded armor and
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00732-00160650-00160847 gear and a bunch of weapons this would
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00733-00160848-00160997 also help them progress a bit after
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00734-00160998-00161171 realizing that there's not much else to
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00735-00161172-00161369 really do in the Glade 2 this began
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00736-00161370-00161639 Choice number four the final Choice what
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00737-00161640-00161795 I like to call the Expedition the
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00738-00161796-00162040 Expedition went right but only one out
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00739-00162041-00162257 of the team of five Runners returned
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00740-00162258-00162425 mean help do you go with them to escape
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00741-00162426-00162640 the facility once and for all from a
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00742-00162641-00162833 rumored place or wait in the safe area
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00743-00162834-00163025 for them to follow one of the creatures
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00744-00163026-00163193 back to where it came from and Escape
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00745-00163194-00163385 via the way they got in a set of
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00746-00163386-00163559 coordinates were given to them leading
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00747-00163560-00163804 back to Glade 1 if they chose to go with
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00748-00163805-00164045 Mino apparently a second door had opened
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00749-00164046-00164237 allowing them to explore a side of the
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00750-00164238-00164428 maid that hadn't been fully checked out
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00751-00164429-00164633 yet the glaters pushed forward heading
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00752-00164634-00164843 back the way that came from just to get
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00753-00164844-00165059 put into a different side of the maze
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00754-00165060-00165214 this side was different though and
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00755-00165215-00165407 you'll see just in a second why that is
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00756-00165408-00165628 they for some reason decided to head on
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00757-00165629-00165839 top of one of the accessible walls but
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00758-00165840-00166073 doing so led to many of the mobs such as
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00759-00166074-00166276 the map Terra and the Grievers up there
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00760-00166277-00166528 to attack Mello the legion's leader I'm
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00761-00166529-00166714 about to die he doesn't know he doesn't
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00762-00166715-00167201 know it's up there oh no
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00763-00167202-00167435 no
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00764-00167436-00167776 no
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00765-00167777-00167999 mellow's dead
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00766-00168000-00168437 oh this is a shambles huh oh Jesus so
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00767-00168438-00168628 much for that sacrifice and Bam the
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00768-00168629-00168863 first team to find the new Open Door
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00769-00168864-00169054 well it's more like a home but I used to
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00770-00169055-00169247 say it's not a door too after more of
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00771-00169248-00169451 them came to this area they began to
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00772-00169452-00169661 explore inwards to see what the maze had
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00773-00169662-00169823 to offer them they encountered another
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00774-00169824-00170063 Fort but no it started becoming a
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00775-00170064-00170266 reoccurring thing signs of people but
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00776-00170267-00170411 there's none of them there but then
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00777-00170412-00170597 again two Glades what's stopping them
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00778-00170598-00170819 from being 10 or 20 of them throughout
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00779-00170820-00170999 the maids there's tons of BIOS and this
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00780-00171000-00171197 mushroom infested area was one of them
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00781-00171198-00171376 more gather on top of the mushroom area
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00782-00171377-00171551 and honestly it's just starting to feel
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00783-00171552-00171713 like Mario map as soon as they get
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00784-00171714-00171887 closer to these depth they begin to hear
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00785-00171888-00172102 noises coming from the walls and soon
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00786-00172103-00172307 realize that the closer they get to the
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00787-00172308-00172547 exit the deadlier it also comes so I
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00788-00172548-00172751 hope they're ready this is section four
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00789-00172752-00172907 it's currently blocked off because
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00790-00172908-00173045 there's something that needs to be done
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00791-00173046-00173225 here but continue it it's blocked off
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00792-00173226-00173459 due to Ender Guardian they guard the
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00793-00173460-00173663 exit to the Maze and to move on from
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00794-00173664-00173866 here gladers must kill them so the fight
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00795-00173867-00173987 begins
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00796-00173988-00174202 fight they decided to make a blockade
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00797-00174203-00174407 and began to use their arrows but soon
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00798-00174408-00174569 realized that it was pointless because
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00799-00174570-00174797 they are immune to arrows guys I thought
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00800-00174798-00174923 we learned all of this with the last
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00801-00174924-00175090 netherite monstrosity oh by the way
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00802-00175091-00175247 there's also netherite monstrosities
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00803-00175248-00175397 that emerge from the ground look at that
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00804-00175398-00175589 in total there was two inner Guardians
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00805-00175590-00175793 and two netherai monstrosities they had
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00806-00175794-00175990 to kill Devon and they actually had to
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00807-00175991-00176166 work together
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00808-00176167-00176452 Rose go forward go forward I've got that
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00809-00176453-00177218 coming over boys
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00810-00177219-00177821 [Music]
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00811-00177822-00178223 you ugly bastard is that River only what
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00812-00178224-00178483 did I just come back to oh
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00813-00178484-00178723 [Music]
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00814-00178724-00179014 it's running away one of these nether
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00815-00179015-00179219 boss died and now the sides have turned
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00816-00179220-00179447 the Ender Guardian at the very end was
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00817-00179448-00179638 slain that was the last of them and they
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00818-00179639-00179788 now have access to the final Direction
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00819-00179789-00180028 they need head and this way look right
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00820-00180029-00180304 here we're going let's come on let's
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00821-00180305-00180395 open
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00822-00180396-00180652 this is the exit to the maze it opens up
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00823-00180653-00180845 when all of these bosses are killed off
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00824-00180846-00181090 first the Escape is deemed the winner of
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00825-00181091-00181283 The Maze Runner simulation see who could
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00826-00181284-00181493 pull this off they fought this before so
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00827-00181494-00181637 it shouldn't be that difficult but
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00828-00181638-00181847 players soon realized the amount of them
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00829-00181848-00182116 in one area was really hard to manage as
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00830-00182117-00182266 you can see a huge collection of them
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00831-00182267-00182495 actually fell behind a little bit yes
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00832-00182496-00182701 he's dead he's dead he's dead
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00833-00182702-00182981 food so bad though honey and this is
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00834-00182982-00183161 when the first nether monstrosity died
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00835-00183162-00183323 only two more to go and three under
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00836-00183324-00183521 Guardians and this is the first glater
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00837-00183522-00183814 that had died at least in this area my
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00838-00183815-00184157 friend I will take your sacrifice all
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00839-00184158-00184528 run run no Sandra died wait they can
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00840-00184529-00184787 scale this is the exit but we've got to
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00841-00184788-00184990 kill them first
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00842-00184991-00185237 can we just Tower up and Escape it's
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00843-00185238-00185399 blocked off by barrier blocks yeah
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00844-00185400-00185561 that's actually a good idea mine on top
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00845-00185562-00185935 of them
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00846-00185936-00186407 real cornered oh God
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00847-00186408-00186575 there's something in here and another
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00848-00186576-00186821 one of the glaters has fallen after some
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00849-00186822-00186983 point it was clear that the glaters were
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00850-00186984-00187145 low in numbers so I intervened and
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00851-00187146-00187397 opened it up oh no not those things
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00852-00187398-00187625 let's see who risks everything to escape
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00853-00187626-00187878 and that person happened to be golden
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00854-00187879-00188128 skeleton golden skeleton is the first
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00855-00188129-00188314 person to leave the simulation they're
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00856-00188315-00188483 out they're they're just free the rest
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00857-00188484-00188621 of the Glitters either died and got
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00858-00188622-00188807 squished like a bug by the bosses or
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00859-00188808-00189028 fled as well subscribe alright eat a
Aq_4Wxar0ny-00860-00189029-00189236 Lego
AstQ-JLqM74-00000-00000067-00001191 [Music]
AstQ-JLqM74-00001-00001192-00001508 I would like to encourage also the other
AstQ-JLqM74-00002-00001509-00002092 migrant women to become a role model for
AstQ-JLqM74-00003-00002093-00002469 their fellow communities you know I'm
AstQ-JLqM74-00004-00002470-00002697 not speaking only for the Filipinos I'm
AstQ-JLqM74-00005-00002698-00003209 also speaking for the other communities
AstQ-JLqM74-00006-00003210-00003543 because I know that a lot of these women
AstQ-JLqM74-00007-00003544-00003804 also help them and they should really
AstQ-JLqM74-00008-00003804-00004179 encourage the other women to do the same
AstQ-JLqM74-00009-00004180-00004632 you know to be able to help others is
AstQ-JLqM74-00010-00004633-00005589 the most you know fulfilling feeling in
AstQ-JLqM74-00011-00005590-00005946 in someone's life to be able to feel
AstQ-JLqM74-00012-00005947-00006309 that you help someone it's the most
AstQ-JLqM74-00013-00006310-00007251 fulfilling yeah in the world if you are
AstQ-JLqM74-00014-00007252-00007662 able to help others I think that's the
AstQ-JLqM74-00015-00007663-00008091 most important thing I have been doing
AstQ-JLqM74-00016-00008092-00008456 this community service to my fellow
AstQ-JLqM74-00017-00008457-00009046 Filipinos since 1996 and no matter how
AstQ-JLqM74-00018-00009047-00009313 hard it is sometimes no matter how
AstQ-JLqM74-00019-00009314-00009774 tiring it is sometimes I just cannot sit
AstQ-JLqM74-00020-00009775-00010073 around and do nothing when I see that
AstQ-JLqM74-00021-00010074-00010266 they need help
AstQ-JLqM74-00022-00010267-00010533 and I would like the others as well to
AstQ-JLqM74-00023-00010534-00010937 do the same to show the same compassion
AstQ-JLqM74-00024-00010938-00011285 to those who are in need to become a
AstQ-JLqM74-00025-00011286-00011639 role model as well to those who are who
AstQ-JLqM74-00026-00011640-00011898 needs the help of those who are able to
AstQ-JLqM74-00027-00011899-00012045 to do it
AstQ-JLqM74-00028-00012046-00012627 and so I hope they will not become shy
AstQ-JLqM74-00029-00012628-00013197 in doing it I know that there's a lot of
AstQ-JLqM74-00030-00013197-00013707 women there as well who tries to help
AstQ-JLqM74-00031-00013708-00013875 others
AstQ-JLqM74-00032-00013876-00014464 I hope that more women migrant women
AstQ-JLqM74-00033-00014465-00014816 will come forward as well and and share
AstQ-JLqM74-00034-00014818-00015416 this to become a role model for their
AstQ-JLqM74-00035-00015418-00016646 community
AstQ-JLqM74-00036-00016647-00016853 you
At9Te2zsz2y-00000-00000984-00001335 when disaster or emergency strike that
At9Te2zsz2y-00001-00001336-00001563 caused major damage to your home or
At9Te2zsz2y-00002-00001564-00001814 workplace such as fire or flooding
At9Te2zsz2y-00003-00001814-00002051 naturally you want to restore your
At9Te2zsz2y-00004-00002052-00002340 property to its original state so if
At9Te2zsz2y-00005-00002341-00002544 you're looking for professional reliable
At9Te2zsz2y-00006-00002545-00002844 and affordable fire or flood damage
At9Te2zsz2y-00007-00002845-00003056 restoration you've come to the right
At9Te2zsz2y-00008-00003057-00003333 place we're proud to be the premier
At9Te2zsz2y-00009-00003334-00003600 local restoration company and customer
At9Te2zsz2y-00010-00003601-00003856 satisfaction is our number one priority
At9Te2zsz2y-00011-00003857-00004155 we are fully licensed and insured and
At9Te2zsz2y-00012-00004156-00004413 our restoration specialists have years
At9Te2zsz2y-00013-00004414-00004661 of experience dealing with every type of
At9Te2zsz2y-00014-00004662-00004959 situation you can imagine so contact us
At9Te2zsz2y-00015-00004960-00005202 now and let us help put your property
At9Te2zsz2y-00016-00005203-00005525 back the way it was hey there thanks for
At9Te2zsz2y-00017-00005526-00005718 watching our video to get more fresh
At9Te2zsz2y-00018-00005719-00005877 content regularly click the subscribe
At9Te2zsz2y-00019-00005878-00006152 button below and then also like us on
At9Te2zsz2y-00020-00006153-00006356 Facebook and engage with us through
At9Te2zsz2y-00021-00006357-00006579 social media by clicking these icons
At9Te2zsz2y-00022-00006580-00006858 that are popping up
A-98mH2zhfA-00000-00000006-00000191 welcome back to kids fun science my
A-98mH2zhfA-00001-00000192-00000380 name's Ken today's experiment is the
A-98mH2zhfA-00002-00000381-00000620 thousand subscriber special thank you
A-98mH2zhfA-00003-00000621-00000833 all for making this happen
A-98mH2zhfA-00004-00000834-00001118 my goal was a hundred and two thousand
A-98mH2zhfA-00005-00001119-00001277 is incredible as always adult
A-98mH2zhfA-00006-00001278-00001523 supervision is required what you need
A-98mH2zhfA-00007-00001524-00001730 for this experiment is a 9-volt battery
A-98mH2zhfA-00008-00001730-00002150 steel wool oxygen and it will create
A-98mH2zhfA-00009-00002151-00002417 amazing science so once again thank you
A-98mH2zhfA-00010-00002418-00002687 everyone for your support and all your
A-98mH2zhfA-00011-00002688-00002867 great comments and I look forward to
A-98mH2zhfA-00012-00002868-00003197 doing a lot more videos so some safety
A-98mH2zhfA-00013-00003198-00003461 precautions for this one because this is
A-98mH2zhfA-00014-00003461-00003668 not meant for you to do at home it's
A-98mH2zhfA-00015-00003669-00003881 just meant for your thanks of watching
A-98mH2zhfA-00016-00003882-00004151 and to do a special video for a thousand
A-98mH2zhfA-00017-00004152-00004336 subscribers so do not try this at home
A-98mH2zhfA-00018-00004337-00004520 temperatures get up to 700 degrees
A-98mH2zhfA-00019-00004521-00004856 Celsius sparks can burn or light things
A-98mH2zhfA-00020-00004857-00005141 on fire so just sit back and enjoy and
A-98mH2zhfA-00021-00005142-00005399 thank you very much well welcome to kids
A-98mH2zhfA-00022-00005400-00005600 fun science this is a thousand
A-98mH2zhfA-00023-00005601-00005840 subscriber special right so I set the
A-98mH2zhfA-00024-00005841-00005995 bar really low and I thought I was only
A-98mH2zhfA-00025-00005996-00006229 get 200 so a thousands like incredible
A-98mH2zhfA-00026-00006230-00006478 so I had to go over the top and think
A-98mH2zhfA-00027-00006479-00006851 what could I do the extra special that
A-98mH2zhfA-00028-00006852-00007123 really set a hundred from a thousand so
A-98mH2zhfA-00029-00007125-00007355 I came up with this experiment where I'm
A-98mH2zhfA-00030-00007356-00007528 gonna take a battery a 9-volt battery
A-98mH2zhfA-00031-00007529-00007658 I'm gonna attach it to the steel wool
A-98mH2zhfA-00032-00007659-00007889 which is going to create a current that
A-98mH2zhfA-00033-00007890-00008114 goes through the thin little wires and
A-98mH2zhfA-00034-00008115-00008357 it's going to heat up to 700 degrees
A-98mH2zhfA-00035-00008358-00008689 Celsius at those temperatures it's going
A-98mH2zhfA-00036-00008690-00008939 to cause the iron to react with the
A-98mH2zhfA-00037-00008940-00009188 oxygen in the air and it's going to
A-98mH2zhfA-00038-00009189-00009446 create iron oxide which is pretty
A-98mH2zhfA-00039-00009447-00009799 awesome so do not try this at home thank
A-98mH2zhfA-00040-00009800-00009953 you very much I appreciate all your
A-98mH2zhfA-00041-00009954-00010310 support and enjoy so we're here we are
A-98mH2zhfA-00042-00010311-00010588 on all blacktop surface so nothing's
A-98mH2zhfA-00043-00010589-00010849 gonna catch on fire I'm completely i've
A-98mH2zhfA-00044-00010850-00011305 got goggles on gloves on long pants and
A-98mH2zhfA-00045-00011306-00011599 it doesn't look as impressive but when
A-98mH2zhfA-00046-00011600-00011774 you start doing the still photography is
A-98mH2zhfA-00047-00011775-00012098 when it really gets to be awesome so
A-98mH2zhfA-00048-00012099-00012289 this is the daytime ones but the
A-98mH2zhfA-00049-00012290-00012517 nighttime ones as you saw is the intro
A-98mH2zhfA-00050-00012518-00013007 really spectacular as they go to see the
A-98mH2zhfA-00051-00013008-00013358 whole thing really enjoyed it it's a lot
A-98mH2zhfA-00052-00013359-00013410 of
A-98mH2zhfA-00053-00013411-00013584 we can probably set there all night and
A-98mH2zhfA-00054-00013585-00013815 did this it's like it's a little
A-98mH2zhfA-00055-00013816-00014079 firework show so at night you can see a
A-98mH2zhfA-00056-00014080-00014337 little more interesting lighting up the
A-98mH2zhfA-00057-00014338-00014502 sky it's still going to show those
A-98mH2zhfA-00058-00014503-00014691 effects like you do when you use that
A-98mH2zhfA-00059-00014691-00014966 slow shutter speed on your camera that
A-98mH2zhfA-00060-00014968-00015291 will be coming up at the end some more
A-98mH2zhfA-00061-00015291-00015522 fire you know the faster you go with
A-98mH2zhfA-00062-00015522-00016035 this it's going to create more oxygen
A-98mH2zhfA-00063-00016036-00016365 that creates those thin wire currents to
A-98mH2zhfA-00064-00016366-00016545 kick up the temperature and to light up
A-98mH2zhfA-00065-00016546-00016791 a lot more there's another still shot
A-98mH2zhfA-00066-00016792-00017064 here in the night and as we go into a
A-98mH2zhfA-00067-00017065-00017412 little bit more it becomes pretty
A-98mH2zhfA-00068-00017413-00017706 impressive just holding it and doing it
A-98mH2zhfA-00069-00017707-00017919 you got the feeling of all those flames
A-98mH2zhfA-00070-00017920-00018240 is pretty pretty scary and then here's
A-98mH2zhfA-00071-00018241-00018569 some of the fantastic shots that we got
A-98mH2zhfA-00072-00018570-00018930 that I think we're just truly amazing
A-98mH2zhfA-00073-00018931-00019215 that you don't really see but that slow
A-98mH2zhfA-00074-00019216-00019592 shutter speed is just incredible and
A-98mH2zhfA-00075-00019593-00020007 making that iron oxide as always I hope
A-98mH2zhfA-00076-00020008-00020222 you enjoyed this video thanks for
A-98mH2zhfA-00077-00020223-00020580 watching please share or and also click
A-98mH2zhfA-00078-00020581-00020940 thumbs up and thank you very much again
A-98mH2zhfA-00079-00020941-00021210 for all your support and I look forward
A-98mH2zhfA-00080-00021211-00021651 to continue making videos thank you
ABKANkhRvcu-00000-00002061-00003010 [Music]
ABKANkhRvcu-00001-00003011-00004448 [Music]
ABKANkhRvcu-00003-00008045-00009375 [Music]
ABKANkhRvcu-00004-00009376-00011895 [Music]
ABKANkhRvcu-00006-00015694-00016356 [Music]
ABKANkhRvcu-00007-00016357-00017170 [Music]
ABKANkhRvcu-00008-00017171-00017794 [Music]
ABKANkhRvcu-00009-00017795-00020783 [Music]
ABKANkhRvcu-00010-00020784-00020992 you
ADh_xgCu5w8-00000-00000003-00000343 hey everyone so welcome to another video
ADh_xgCu5w8-00001-00000344-00000755 with me Jeff and we're going to be
ADh_xgCu5w8-00002-00000756-00001012 continuing on with working on assignment
ADh_xgCu5w8-00003-00001013-00001319 two so last time we talked mostly about
ADh_xgCu5w8-00004-00001320-00001934 dealing with the vector type and putting
ADh_xgCu5w8-00005-00001935-00002152 together some basics for add and remove
ADh_xgCu5w8-00006-00002153-00002573 body in your world CPP file here if I
ADh_xgCu5w8-00007-00002574-00002732 just open this up I believe we were
ADh_xgCu5w8-00008-00002733-00002959 talking mostly about add body and remove
ADh_xgCu5w8-00009-00002960-00003293 body here ways that we could sort of
ADh_xgCu5w8-00010-00003294-00003524 come at this if you were at class you
ADh_xgCu5w8-00011-00003525-00003842 will discover that there is a little bit
ADh_xgCu5w8-00012-00003843-00004010 more that we can do with this add body
ADh_xgCu5w8-00013-00004011-00004151 here but I'm not gonna delve into that
ADh_xgCu5w8-00014-00004152-00004604 detail here today we stopped off at the
ADh_xgCu5w8-00015-00004605-00004843 point where we were looking at this
ADh_xgCu5w8-00016-00004844-00005161 destructor and I wanted to hold back on
ADh_xgCu5w8-00017-00005162-00005493 the concepts they are just a little bit
ADh_xgCu5w8-00018-00005494-00005779 because I'm introducing a new keyword
ADh_xgCu5w8-00019-00005780-00006131 here so when I was talking about this
ADh_xgCu5w8-00020-00006132-00006414 destructor what I wanted to get across
ADh_xgCu5w8-00021-00006415-00006646 is that so
ADh_xgCu5w8-00022-00006647-00006820 everybody's familiar with a constructor
ADh_xgCu5w8-00023-00006822-00007163 right so the constructor of a type runs
ADh_xgCu5w8-00024-00007164-00007360 when you create a new instance of that
ADh_xgCu5w8-00025-00007361-00007859 type so of course like we have our
ADh_xgCu5w8-00026-00007859-00008035 constructor up here with our GD world
ADh_xgCu5w8-00027-00008036-00008366 and it takes two vectors in technically
ADh_xgCu5w8-00028-00008367-00008576 vector references it passes them by
ADh_xgCu5w8-00029-00008577-00008894 reference Scott hasn't explained that in
ADh_xgCu5w8-00030-00008895-00009124 detail yet you'll probably get it soon
ADh_xgCu5w8-00031-00009125-00009587 and when this runs it sets the elapsed
ADh_xgCu5w8-00032-00009588-00009794 time to zero so that our clock starts
ADh_xgCu5w8-00033-00009795-00010081 from zero and not some weird number and
ADh_xgCu5w8-00034-00010082-00010396 it takes in the initial gravity
ADh_xgCu5w8-00035-00010397-00010646 acceleration and wind force and assigns
ADh_xgCu5w8-00036-00010647-00010928 them to those vectors there so that's
ADh_xgCu5w8-00037-00010929-00011087 all what happens during the constructor
ADh_xgCu5w8-00038-00011088-00011327 but so this is what happens when the
ADh_xgCu5w8-00039-00011328-00011609 creation of the object happens but in
ADh_xgCu5w8-00040-00011610-00011885 C++ often we need to do things when the
ADh_xgCu5w8-00041-00011886-00012278 object is destroyed as well because
ADh_xgCu5w8-00042-00012279-00012419 we're in control of memory management
ADh_xgCu5w8-00043-00012420-00012683 and it can be important to make sure
ADh_xgCu5w8-00044-00012684-00012795 that we get rid of
ADh_xgCu5w8-00045-00012796-00013052 things that we don't want anymore
ADh_xgCu5w8-00046-00013053-00013284 because if we're the only one keeping
ADh_xgCu5w8-00047-00013285-00013668 track of them and we go away so in the
ADh_xgCu5w8-00048-00013669-00014028 case of our GD world here for example we
ADh_xgCu5w8-00049-00014029-00014436 have this vector of Gd body pointers and
ADh_xgCu5w8-00050-00014437-00014751 the world's purpose is to keep track of
ADh_xgCu5w8-00051-00014752-00015041 all of these pointers its job is to be
ADh_xgCu5w8-00052-00015043-00015188 the thing that knows where all the
ADh_xgCu5w8-00053-00015190-00015435 bodies are and can update them even if
ADh_xgCu5w8-00054-00015436-00015716 no one else cares where they are at all
ADh_xgCu5w8-00055-00015716-00016194 so now what that means is that if for
ADh_xgCu5w8-00056-00016194-00016389 any reason we get rid of the world maybe
ADh_xgCu5w8-00057-00016390-00016533 this is just when we're closing our
ADh_xgCu5w8-00058-00016534-00016788 program let's say and to be fair the
ADh_xgCu5w8-00059-00016789-00016965 operating system would kind of clean up
ADh_xgCu5w8-00060-00016966-00017334 for us in that case anyway but for the
ADh_xgCu5w8-00061-00017335-00017672 sake of good clean code we should do
ADh_xgCu5w8-00062-00017673-00018168 this anyway is it when our world gets
ADh_xgCu5w8-00063-00018169-00018444 destroyed we need to make sure to go
ADh_xgCu5w8-00064-00018445-00018642 through these bodies and ensure that
ADh_xgCu5w8-00065-00018643-00018861 they also get destroyed because right
ADh_xgCu5w8-00066-00018862-00019092 now we have pointers to them floating
ADh_xgCu5w8-00067-00019093-00019524 around in memory somewhere but we if the
ADh_xgCu5w8-00068-00019525-00019752 world goes no one else knows where that
ADh_xgCu5w8-00069-00019753-00019938 stuff is and no one can really get rid
ADh_xgCu5w8-00070-00019939-00020230 of it
ADh_xgCu5w8-00071-00020231-00020443 aside of the operating system closing
ADh_xgCu5w8-00072-00020444-00020650 the program in deallocating memory for
ADh_xgCu5w8-00073-00020651-00020844 the entire program like the OS will
ADh_xgCu5w8-00074-00020845-00021160 figure it out if it needs to but if your
ADh_xgCu5w8-00075-00021161-00021349 program is going to run for more than a
ADh_xgCu5w8-00076-00021350-00021901 couple of minutes having things that get
ADh_xgCu5w8-00077-00021902-00022132 lost in memory and end up just wasting
ADh_xgCu5w8-00078-00022133-00022507 space doing nothing is not your ideal
ADh_xgCu5w8-00079-00022508-00022912 situation so for those of you who aren't
ADh_xgCu5w8-00080-00022913-00023233 familiar this is what we call a memory
ADh_xgCu5w8-00081-00023234-00023692 leak when we have something that gets
ADh_xgCu5w8-00082-00023693-00023962 lost in memory and it inevitably causes
ADh_xgCu5w8-00083-00023963-00024147 the program's memory consumption to
ADh_xgCu5w8-00084-00024148-00024600 increase over time that that's that's
ADh_xgCu5w8-00085-00024601-00024814 what we call a memory leak so I can show
ADh_xgCu5w8-00086-00024815-00025030 you a really basic thing that you can do
ADh_xgCu5w8-00087-00025031-00025272 here that's good practice
ADh_xgCu5w8-00088-00025273-00025588 so my destructor I've written a couple
ADh_xgCu5w8-00089-00025589-00026200 lines of code so I'm doing a very simple
ADh_xgCu5w8-00090-00026201-00026439 thing here it's nice to see that there
ADh_xgCu5w8-00091-00026441-00026650 is a simple way that we can interact
ADh_xgCu5w8-00092-00026651-00026799 with lists
ADh_xgCu5w8-00093-00026800-00027021 after all this stuff that we went
ADh_xgCu5w8-00094-00027022-00027264 through it seems like it should be hard
ADh_xgCu5w8-00095-00027266-00027475 to do everything but thankfully lists
ADh_xgCu5w8-00096-00027476-00027667 are actually pretty useful for most
ADh_xgCu5w8-00097-00027668-00028014 things turns out that there is a version
ADh_xgCu5w8-00098-00028016-00028545 of the for loop that we can use here I'm
ADh_xgCu5w8-00099-00028547-00028786 using this auto again because it's handy
ADh_xgCu5w8-00100-00028787-00028971 but technically in this case what we're
ADh_xgCu5w8-00101-00028972-00029287 talking about is this so might as well
ADh_xgCu5w8-00102-00029288-00029719 be clear with myself so how this reads
ADh_xgCu5w8-00103-00029720-00030120 is basically for each GD body pointer
ADh_xgCu5w8-00104-00030122-00030489 that I'm calling body in the list of
ADh_xgCu5w8-00105-00030491-00030689 bodies are in the collection of bodies
ADh_xgCu5w8-00106-00030691-00031189 so in C++ this is not written as for
ADh_xgCu5w8-00107-00031189-00031480 each but this should be pretty familiar
ADh_xgCu5w8-00108-00031481-00031705 to you from c-sharp if you're familiar
ADh_xgCu5w8-00109-00031706-00032121 with C sharps for each loops it's pretty
ADh_xgCu5w8-00110-00032122-00032443 close the only difference here is that
ADh_xgCu5w8-00111-00032444-00032739 we're only using four so what I'm doing
ADh_xgCu5w8-00112-00032741-00033015 is for each of the things in the list of
ADh_xgCu5w8-00113-00033016-00033451 bodies delete body so deletes a new
ADh_xgCu5w8-00114-00033452-00033570 keyword
ADh_xgCu5w8-00115-00033571-00033954 that I mentioned so what delete does is
ADh_xgCu5w8-00116-00033955-00034527 it explicitly removes an object from
ADh_xgCu5w8-00117-00034528-00035028 memory so what it does is it will go
ADh_xgCu5w8-00118-00035029-00035661 through to C++ as heap that is so a blob
ADh_xgCu5w8-00119-00035662-00035895 of memory it's just sort of an open blob
ADh_xgCu5w8-00120-00035896-00036099 of memory that we can create objects in
ADh_xgCu5w8-00121-00036100-00036309 and this body was created on the heap
ADh_xgCu5w8-00122-00036310-00036588 somewhere using the new keyword so new
ADh_xgCu5w8-00123-00036589-00036807 and delete are kind of opposites of one
ADh_xgCu5w8-00124-00036808-00037251 another so this will go to the heap and
ADh_xgCu5w8-00125-00037252-00037698 it will find where body is and it will
ADh_xgCu5w8-00126-00037699-00037923 run its destructor and it will get rid
ADh_xgCu5w8-00127-00037924-00038337 of it so all I'm doing here is before
ADh_xgCu5w8-00128-00038338-00038541 the world gets destroyed make sure to go
ADh_xgCu5w8-00129-00038542-00038733 through all of the bodies and destroy
ADh_xgCu5w8-00130-00038734-00039018 them first and if the bodies needed to
ADh_xgCu5w8-00131-00039019-00039339 do anything special themselves they
ADh_xgCu5w8-00132-00039340-00039522 might have a destructor that calls
ADh_xgCu5w8-00133-00039523-00039732 something else to delete something else
ADh_xgCu5w8-00134-00039733-00039876 and it will go all the way down the
ADh_xgCu5w8-00135-00039877-00040068 chain so that everything gets deleted
ADh_xgCu5w8-00136-00040069-00040235 that needs to be deleted and
ADh_xgCu5w8-00137-00040236-00040476 everything's cleaned up by the time that
ADh_xgCu5w8-00138-00040477-00040734 the world's destructor ends so that's
ADh_xgCu5w8-00139-00040735-00041055 the idea that's that's the big thing
ADh_xgCu5w8-00140-00041056-00041617 that we're going for here so in any case
ADh_xgCu5w8-00141-00041618-00042021 that's uh that's this so lastly we're
ADh_xgCu5w8-00142-00042022-00042235 sort of looking at this update function
ADh_xgCu5w8-00143-00042236-00042385 and before we take a look at that it
ADh_xgCu5w8-00144-00042386-00042556 might not hurt to sort of go to the
ADh_xgCu5w8-00145-00042557-00042799 assignment document and take a look at
ADh_xgCu5w8-00146-00042800-00043003 the things that we're actually trying to
ADh_xgCu5w8-00147-00043004-00043501 do here so actually we have basically
ADh_xgCu5w8-00148-00043502-00044017 two scenarios that that we want to look
ADh_xgCu5w8-00149-00044018-00044446 at here starting from point two so point
ADh_xgCu5w8-00150-00044447-00044785 one was make a world class so we mostly
ADh_xgCu5w8-00151-00044786-00045307 have done that so number two is create a
ADh_xgCu5w8-00152-00045308-00045529 new world with a gravity acceleration of
ADh_xgCu5w8-00153-00045530-00045799 zero and negative 9.8 and wind force of
ADh_xgCu5w8-00154-00045800-00046132 zero zero add two bodies to the world
ADh_xgCu5w8-00155-00046133-00046309 with masses two kilograms and four
ADh_xgCu5w8-00156-00046310-00046593 kilograms respectively place both bodies
ADh_xgCu5w8-00157-00046594-00046924 at 0 200 to start apply force of 1,000
ADh_xgCu5w8-00158-00046925-00047098 Newtons in the positive x-direction to
ADh_xgCu5w8-00159-00047099-00047346 both bodies on the first frame and don't
ADh_xgCu5w8-00160-00047347-00047623 continue to do it after that use a time
ADh_xgCu5w8-00161-00047624-00047920 step of 0.1 seconds start your
ADh_xgCu5w8-00162-00047921-00048325 simulation and write the current time
ADh_xgCu5w8-00163-00048326-00048550 and positions of both bodies to a file
ADh_xgCu5w8-00164-00048551-00048790 called gravity dot CSV so this should be
ADh_xgCu5w8-00165-00048791-00049198 very familiar from assignment one your
ADh_xgCu5w8-00166-00049199-00049387 outputs gonna look a little bit like
ADh_xgCu5w8-00167-00049388-00049858 this here so you'll be ticking through 0
ADh_xgCu5w8-00168-00049859-00050296 0.1 0.2 and these positions X Y you want
ADh_xgCu5w8-00169-00050297-00050521 to do these in separate columns so
ADh_xgCu5w8-00170-00050522-00050680 you'll probably want to have commas
ADh_xgCu5w8-00171-00050681-00050971 between x and y here rather than trying
ADh_xgCu5w8-00172-00050972-00051601 to mash them together and so we stopped
ADh_xgCu5w8-00173-00051602-00051846 simulating after both bodies have fallen
ADh_xgCu5w8-00174-00051847-00052282 below 0 on the y axis and at that point
ADh_xgCu5w8-00175-00052283-00052522 you're gonna want to open gravity dot
ADh_xgCu5w8-00176-00052523-00052966 CSV into Excel and make a couple of make
ADh_xgCu5w8-00177-00052966-00053284 a couple of charts here you may find
ADh_xgCu5w8-00178-00053285-00053596 that you have to save this just noting
ADh_xgCu5w8-00179-00053597-00053875 here you'll want to save this as an XLS
ADh_xgCu5w8-00180-00053876-00054124 X file because the CSV file can't
ADh_xgCu5w8-00181-00054125-00054313 support charts and stuff like that so
ADh_xgCu5w8-00182-00054314-00054657 your data's gonna come out in this CSV
ADh_xgCu5w8-00183-00054658-00054913 and you're gonna have to save it as an
ADh_xgCu5w8-00184-00054914-00055002 Excel
ADh_xgCu5w8-00185-00055003-00055320 so you'll be putting together a couple
ADh_xgCu5w8-00186-00055321-00055521 of charts here so you'd be using scatter
ADh_xgCu5w8-00187-00055522-00055961 scatter plots or scatter charts and
ADh_xgCu5w8-00188-00055962-00056166 answering just a couple of questions
ADh_xgCu5w8-00189-00056166-00056376 about your impressions of what's going
ADh_xgCu5w8-00190-00056377-00056579 on and explaining sort of the physics
ADh_xgCu5w8-00191-00056580-00056796 behind what's what's really happening
ADh_xgCu5w8-00192-00056797-00057108 here so that's that's the basic idea so
ADh_xgCu5w8-00193-00057109-00057476 this is really a lot like assignment one
ADh_xgCu5w8-00194-00057477-00057767 and then basically the major difference
ADh_xgCu5w8-00195-00057769-00057939 from assignment one is that you're going
ADh_xgCu5w8-00196-00057940-00058185 through and repeating the same thing but
ADh_xgCu5w8-00197-00058186-00058442 this time you're going to put a wind
ADh_xgCu5w8-00198-00058444-00058730 force going in the negative direction on
ADh_xgCu5w8-00199-00058732-00058995 the x axis and plotting this again and
ADh_xgCu5w8-00200-00058996-00059469 talking a little bit again about how the
ADh_xgCu5w8-00201-00059470-00059847 motion like what motion is happening and
ADh_xgCu5w8-00202-00059848-00060188 how it is similar or different from
ADh_xgCu5w8-00203-00060189-00060554 similar to or different from what
ADh_xgCu5w8-00204-00060555-00060791 happens in the first simulation so
ADh_xgCu5w8-00205-00060792-00061457 that's a basic idea here so okay now
ADh_xgCu5w8-00206-00061458-00061895 sort of jumping back into two here of
ADh_xgCu5w8-00207-00061896-00062262 course last time we were looking at what
ADh_xgCu5w8-00208-00062263-00062448 variables we have sort of been our main
ADh_xgCu5w8-00209-00062449-00062739 here we have this jet ski we have a
ADh_xgCu5w8-00210-00062740-00063129 current time we have this force force is
ADh_xgCu5w8-00211-00063129-00063375 kind of equivalent to what wind is in
ADh_xgCu5w8-00212-00063376-00063629 this situation actually it's pretty
ADh_xgCu5w8-00213-00063630-00063684 close
ADh_xgCu5w8-00214-00063685-00063876 except that wind will apply to several
ADh_xgCu5w8-00215-00063877-00064182 objects instead of just one this jet
ADh_xgCu5w8-00216-00064183-00064367 skis gonna change form just a little bit
ADh_xgCu5w8-00217-00064369-00064713 and this current time here has been
ADh_xgCu5w8-00218-00064714-00064892 incorporated into the world so that's
ADh_xgCu5w8-00219-00064894-00065550 the world elapsed time now so before we
ADh_xgCu5w8-00220-00065551-00065934 go too far I mean I'm just going to
ADh_xgCu5w8-00221-00065935-00066198 handle a little bit of this I just want
ADh_xgCu5w8-00222-00066199-00066448 to UM
ADh_xgCu5w8-00223-00066449-00066730 get a tiny little start on main here
ADh_xgCu5w8-00224-00066731-00067060 they're actually so very often I don't
ADh_xgCu5w8-00225-00067061-00067273 delete code unless I kind of really need
ADh_xgCu5w8-00226-00067274-00067561 to or or there's a good reason to so I'm
ADh_xgCu5w8-00227-00067562-00067993 just going to oh shoot I left this in so
ADh_xgCu5w8-00228-00067994-00068317 I should have you know that I've already
ADh_xgCu5w8-00229-00068318-00068601 included GD world in this file so if you
ADh_xgCu5w8-00230-00068602-00068821 haven't done that it's a good time to do
ADh_xgCu5w8-00231-00068822-00069223 that and so I'm going to create a GD
ADh_xgCu5w8-00232-00069224-00069397 world and I'm just gonna call it world
ADh_xgCu5w8-00233-00069398-00069622 so I'm in my main dot CPP and I'm just
ADh_xgCu5w8-00234-00069623-00069826 putting together the very very basics of
ADh_xgCu5w8-00235-00069827-00070075 like the world that I'm interested in
ADh_xgCu5w8-00236-00070076-00070834 here so the world that I want is going
ADh_xgCu5w8-00237-00070835-00071482 to have I'll call it world one actually
ADh_xgCu5w8-00238-00071483-00071644 because I know I'm gonna need two of
ADh_xgCu5w8-00239-00071645-00072046 them so I have my gravity at zero point
ADh_xgCu5w8-00240-00072047-00072738 zero negative 9.8 and I have my wind
ADh_xgCu5w8-00241-00072739-00073512 force at 0 0 and okay so there's that
ADh_xgCu5w8-00242-00073513-00074654 all right so I have this first world and
ADh_xgCu5w8-00243-00074655-00075061 I'm gonna leave this statement here as
ADh_xgCu5w8-00244-00075062-00075666 maybe a little to do for for you guys to
ADh_xgCu5w8-00245-00075667-00076648 to consider working on just
ADh_xgCu5w8-00246-00076649-00077173 I guess we don't need to do that I'm
ADh_xgCu5w8-00247-00077174-00077434 just sort of floating through here and
ADh_xgCu5w8-00248-00077435-00077590 trying to figure out what things we
ADh_xgCu5w8-00249-00077591-00077869 should probably do I'm gonna delete out
ADh_xgCu5w8-00250-00077870-00078121 these objects at this point because we
ADh_xgCu5w8-00251-00078122-00078358 don't really need them I'm just gonna
ADh_xgCu5w8-00252-00078359-00078589 make a couple modifications here and I'm
ADh_xgCu5w8-00253-00078590-00078838 interested in particular in of course
ADh_xgCu5w8-00254-00078839-00078991 showing you a little bit about how to
ADh_xgCu5w8-00255-00078992-00079384 print out the lines from the world that
ADh_xgCu5w8-00256-00079385-00079782 you're really interested in here so
ADh_xgCu5w8-00257-00079783-00080470 actually I'm going to I'm gonna make
ADh_xgCu5w8-00258-00080471-00080716 these bodies for the sake of it
ADh_xgCu5w8-00259-00080717-00081103 so let's because I want to show you what
ADh_xgCu5w8-00260-00081104-00081666 it looks like when we are creating
ADh_xgCu5w8-00261-00081667-00082360 bodies that are pointers so now I talked
ADh_xgCu5w8-00262-00082361-00082525 about new and delete now I don't know
ADh_xgCu5w8-00263-00082526-00082705 how much you've seen of that in your
ADh_xgCu5w8-00264-00082706-00083044 other classes so I had mentioned delete
ADh_xgCu5w8-00265-00083045-00083332 here so delete remove something from the
ADh_xgCu5w8-00266-00083333-00083752 heap so we're gonna talk about this a
ADh_xgCu5w8-00267-00083753-00084019 whole bunch and probably more in time
ADh_xgCu5w8-00268-00084020-00084235 you'll start to understand what we mean
ADh_xgCu5w8-00269-00084236-00084508 by the heap and sometimes you'll hear us
ADh_xgCu5w8-00270-00084509-00084691 talk about the stack so these are
ADh_xgCu5w8-00271-00084692-00084862 different places in memory that things
ADh_xgCu5w8-00272-00084863-00085228 can exist and so usually when you have a
ADh_xgCu5w8-00273-00085229-00085456 pointer if you are creating a new object
ADh_xgCu5w8-00274-00085457-00086107 you are saying new g-body and new u
ADh_xgCu5w8-00275-00086108-00086410 tells c++ that this object is going to
ADh_xgCu5w8-00276-00086411-00087229 exist on the heap now
ADh_xgCu5w8-00277-00087230-00087436 I'll leave that to another class for you
ADh_xgCu5w8-00278-00087437-00087610 to get detailed information about what
ADh_xgCu5w8-00279-00087611-00088009 that means but notice how different it
ADh_xgCu5w8-00280-00088010-00088294 looks to construct this then it looks -
ADh_xgCu5w8-00281-00088295-00088713 to do what I've done with world here for
ADh_xgCu5w8-00282-00088714-00088948 example let's say if I wanted to do the
ADh_xgCu5w8-00283-00088949-00089248 same thing here with a body - but
ADh_xgCu5w8-00284-00089249-00089455 instead of making a pointer I want to
ADh_xgCu5w8-00285-00089456-00089917 create it in place you probably would
ADh_xgCu5w8-00286-00089918-00090148 have the good sense that it would look
ADh_xgCu5w8-00287-00090149-00090559 something like this or it could at least
ADh_xgCu5w8-00288-00090560-00090862 another valid way of writing this is to
ADh_xgCu5w8-00289-00090863-00091694 say GD body 2.0 both of these are fine
ADh_xgCu5w8-00290-00091695-00092074 so what's different here of course is
ADh_xgCu5w8-00291-00092075-00092278 that the new key word is being used so
ADh_xgCu5w8-00292-00092279-00092494 when new is used what happens is that
ADh_xgCu5w8-00293-00092495-00092818 C++ goes away to the heap it allocates
ADh_xgCu5w8-00294-00092819-00093034 some memory for this object puts it
ADh_xgCu5w8-00295-00093035-00093342 somewhere and returns you back an
ADh_xgCu5w8-00296-00093343-00093856 integer which acts as the pointer to the
ADh_xgCu5w8-00297-00093857-00094066 memory that that thing belongs in so it
ADh_xgCu5w8-00298-00094067-00094231 just goes and finds space for it in
ADh_xgCu5w8-00299-00094232-00094426 memory plops it there and then returns
ADh_xgCu5w8-00300-00094427-00094660 you and address and says okay the
ADh_xgCu5w8-00301-00094661-00094828 memories over there if you want it go
ADh_xgCu5w8-00302-00094829-00094912 get it yourself
ADh_xgCu5w8-00303-00094913-00095104 that's basically all that's happening
ADh_xgCu5w8-00304-00095105-00095515 here whereas body 2 if I were using this
ADh_xgCu5w8-00305-00095516-00095788 form it is creating it within the
ADh_xgCu5w8-00306-00095789-00095947 context of this function that this
ADh_xgCu5w8-00307-00095948-00096148 object is literally just taking up
ADh_xgCu5w8-00308-00096149-00096511 memory right here in this place there
ADh_xgCu5w8-00309-00096512-00096754 are advantages and disadvantages to both
ADh_xgCu5w8-00310-00096755-00096919 of these strategies and you'll learn
ADh_xgCu5w8-00311-00096920-00097147 plenty more about those as time goes on
ADh_xgCu5w8-00312-00097148-00097332 but I just wanted to be able to sort of
ADh_xgCu5w8-00313-00097333-00097687 clear up the way that this syntax works
ADh_xgCu5w8-00314-00097688-00098031 and again you know sort of reinforcing
ADh_xgCu5w8-00315-00098032-00098197 so this is one way that you can write
ADh_xgCu5w8-00316-00098198-00098551 creating a body in place but you could
ADh_xgCu5w8-00317-00098552-00098785 also write this and that is perfectly
ADh_xgCu5w8-00318-00098786-00098956 valid as well this is what I usually
ADh_xgCu5w8-00319-00098957-00099265 write so you can see that world 1 here
ADh_xgCu5w8-00320-00099266-00099837 is in this same form so
ADh_xgCu5w8-00321-00099838-00100110 anyway if I just go back so we were
ADh_xgCu5w8-00322-00100111-00100605 creating two bodies with masses of two
ADh_xgCu5w8-00323-00100606-00100782 and four kilograms so I was only
ADh_xgCu5w8-00324-00100783-00101064 creating body two in place to sort of
ADh_xgCu5w8-00325-00101065-00101328 describe that bit about the formatting
ADh_xgCu5w8-00326-00101329-00101601 but for now I'm gonna leave both of
ADh_xgCu5w8-00327-00101602-00101784 these as pointers it will just be more
ADh_xgCu5w8-00328-00101785-00102135 convenient sort of down the line if if
ADh_xgCu5w8-00329-00102136-00102513 that's what we're doing here and I want
ADh_xgCu5w8-00330-00102514-00102659 them so that I can print some
ADh_xgCu5w8-00331-00102660-00103151 information out from them so one thing
ADh_xgCu5w8-00332-00103152-00103541 that you're going to notice about using
ADh_xgCu5w8-00333-00103542-00104103 pointers oh it's called world one world
ADh_xgCu5w8-00334-00104104-00104880 my mistake hmm well then okay actually
ADh_xgCu5w8-00335-00104881-00105204 in the service of doing this in the long
ADh_xgCu5w8-00336-00105205-00105723 run I am actually going to I'm going to
ADh_xgCu5w8-00337-00105724-00105900 actually make the world a pointer as
ADh_xgCu5w8-00338-00105901-00106674 well that's cool it's fine so we've got
ADh_xgCu5w8-00339-00106675-00107070 world and when you're using a pointer
ADh_xgCu5w8-00340-00107071-00107397 you have to use an arrow instead of a
ADh_xgCu5w8-00341-00107398-00107670 dot afterwards to access methods and
ADh_xgCu5w8-00342-00107671-00108155 properties this seems kind of weird and
ADh_xgCu5w8-00343-00108156-00108501 you of course in c-sharp you can use a
ADh_xgCu5w8-00344-00108502-00108809 dot for everything so it seems like why
ADh_xgCu5w8-00345-00108810-00109239 should it be different I don't know I
ADh_xgCu5w8-00346-00109240-00109413 suppose the syntax could be the same but
ADh_xgCu5w8-00347-00109414-00109608 it is actually kind of nice as a
ADh_xgCu5w8-00348-00109608-00109851 reminder to you of what things are
ADh_xgCu5w8-00349-00109852-00110190 pointers and what things aren't so that
ADh_xgCu5w8-00350-00110191-00110439 doesn't hurt so basically all I'm gonna
ADh_xgCu5w8-00351-00110440-00110643 do is that in my output here I'm
ADh_xgCu5w8-00352-00110644-00110856 changing this current time variable that
ADh_xgCu5w8-00353-00110857-00111034 I used to have into the elapsed time
ADh_xgCu5w8-00354-00111035-00111383 variable that exists within the world so
ADh_xgCu5w8-00355-00111384-00111522 that's one thing that I'm doing and then
ADh_xgCu5w8-00356-00111523-00111702 I'm just gonna fill in these four lines
ADh_xgCu5w8-00357-00111703-00111974 with the X&Y positions of these bodies
ADh_xgCu5w8-00358-00111975-00112425 so of course if I just typed body one
ADh_xgCu5w8-00359-00112426-00112808 dot X in here well first of all it
ADh_xgCu5w8-00360-00112809-00112980 doesn't even have an X and I'm using a
ADh_xgCu5w8-00361-00112981-00113040 dots
ADh_xgCu5w8-00362-00113041-00113289 it's a problem so I can use an arrow
ADh_xgCu5w8-00363-00113290-00113529 here and then that lets me look through
ADh_xgCu5w8-00364-00113530-00113715 what I'm interested in I want the
ADh_xgCu5w8-00365-00113716-00114048 position but the position is not a
ADh_xgCu5w8-00366-00114049-00114423 pointer so body one is a pointer so I
ADh_xgCu5w8-00367-00114424-00114603 have to use arrow to get its position
ADh_xgCu5w8-00368-00114604-00114900 but position is not a pointer within
ADh_xgCu5w8-00369-00114901-00115316 this so I have to use dot again to get
ADh_xgCu5w8-00370-00115317-00115836 position dot X so this will be maybe a
ADh_xgCu5w8-00371-00115837-00116324 tiny bit confusing at first but it's
ADh_xgCu5w8-00372-00116325-00116562 it's something that you're gonna you're
ADh_xgCu5w8-00373-00116563-00116823 gonna adapt to as time goes on you just
ADh_xgCu5w8-00374-00116824-00117111 get used to it it's the way it is can't
ADh_xgCu5w8-00375-00117112-00117319 really complain about the way things are
ADh_xgCu5w8-00376-00117320-00117687 too much it's not really productive so
ADh_xgCu5w8-00377-00117688-00118120 I'm just gonna adjust these soups so
ADh_xgCu5w8-00378-00118121-00118509 I've got body 1 position X Y body 2
ADh_xgCu5w8-00379-00118510-00119143 position X Y and yeah I guess let's just
ADh_xgCu5w8-00380-00119144-00119356 copy this down and then I'll just change
ADh_xgCu5w8-00381-00119357-00120366 this into comma easier and that's how
ADh_xgCu5w8-00382-00120367-00120706 that should look all right so I've got
ADh_xgCu5w8-00383-00120707-00121144 these things dumping out body 1 X Y body
ADh_xgCu5w8-00384-00121145-00121539 2 X Y and the current elapsed time so
ADh_xgCu5w8-00385-00121540-00121722 this is how we would go about writing a
ADh_xgCu5w8-00386-00121723-00121962 line of the table I probably should
ADh_xgCu5w8-00387-00121963-00122202 update my table header as well to make
ADh_xgCu5w8-00388-00122203-00122460 sure that it's giving me what I'm
ADh_xgCu5w8-00389-00122461-00122581 interested in here
ADh_xgCu5w8-00390-00122582-00123785 so let's um let's say body 1x meters and
ADh_xgCu5w8-00391-00123786-00124071 these other things so we've acceleration
ADh_xgCu5w8-00392-00124072-00124442 so that's gonna be body 1y in meters and
ADh_xgCu5w8-00393-00124443-00125157 this one is now body 2x in meters and we
ADh_xgCu5w8-00394-00125158-00125718 have body 2y in meters and I'm just
ADh_xgCu5w8-00395-00125719-00126079 gonna copy this and then change those
ADh_xgCu5w8-00396-00126080-00126461 slash T's into comma separation for
ADh_xgCu5w8-00397-00126463-00127304 printing to a file all right nice and
ADh_xgCu5w8-00398-00127305-00127466 easy
ADh_xgCu5w8-00399-00127467-00127953 okay um also it asked us to dump this to
ADh_xgCu5w8-00400-00127954-00128328 a file called gravity dot CSV I believe
ADh_xgCu5w8-00401-00128329-00128699 here so I'm gonna just double check this
ADh_xgCu5w8-00402-00128700-00129126 yes so we've got gravity CSV that we're
ADh_xgCu5w8-00403-00129127-00129273 dealing with so I'm just gonna call it
ADh_xgCu5w8-00404-00129274-00130133 that sure now I want to sort of go back
ADh_xgCu5w8-00405-00130134-00130401 and rewind here you don't really need to
ADh_xgCu5w8-00406-00130402-00130614 use world as a pointer here you could
ADh_xgCu5w8-00407-00130615-00130841 get by without I'm only doing so for
ADh_xgCu5w8-00408-00130842-00131040 like kind of a particular reason that I
ADh_xgCu5w8-00409-00131041-00131226 think maybe I can reuse some code a
ADh_xgCu5w8-00410-00131227-00131456 little bit better if I'm doing this but
ADh_xgCu5w8-00411-00131457-00131961 it's not a super important change now
ADh_xgCu5w8-00412-00131962-00132219 I kinda want to test where we're at here
ADh_xgCu5w8-00413-00132220-00132615 I want to see I want to see where we're
ADh_xgCu5w8-00414-00132616-00132909 at in the code I'm just gonna open this
ADh_xgCu5w8-00415-00132910-00133275 up so that I can see what files are in
ADh_xgCu5w8-00416-00133276-00133467 here cuz I'm gonna be interested in that
ADh_xgCu5w8-00417-00133468-00133800 CSV file pretty soon so I don't know
ADh_xgCu5w8-00418-00133801-00133965 let's give this a run and see if it
ADh_xgCu5w8-00419-00133966-00134172 gives us any problems seems like a good
ADh_xgCu5w8-00420-00134173-00134403 time to sort of checkup and make sure
ADh_xgCu5w8-00421-00134404-00134708 everything is working more or less right
ADh_xgCu5w8-00422-00134709-00134976 ok so we get 0 for everything which is
ADh_xgCu5w8-00423-00134977-00135297 not wrong that's fine
ADh_xgCu5w8-00424-00135298-00135489 and it looks like it's printing out the
ADh_xgCu5w8-00425-00135490-00135732 table formatted pretty nicely for what
ADh_xgCu5w8-00426-00135733-00135912 we're interested in so that's a pretty
ADh_xgCu5w8-00427-00135913-00136236 big win it looks good so I'm gonna stop
ADh_xgCu5w8-00428-00136237-00136503 this and good sure enough we have
ADh_xgCu5w8-00429-00136504-00136746 gravity dot CSV showing up in here so if
ADh_xgCu5w8-00430-00136747-00136896 I double click on that and see what it
ADh_xgCu5w8-00431-00136897-00137470 gives me
ADh_xgCu5w8-00432-00137471-00137948 great alright so this is a good start we
ADh_xgCu5w8-00433-00137949-00138149 have all the things that we're
ADh_xgCu5w8-00434-00138150-00138434 interested in having in here printing
ADh_xgCu5w8-00435-00138435-00138682 out the way that they're supposed to be
ADh_xgCu5w8-00436-00138683-00138940 so at least we don't have to worry too
ADh_xgCu5w8-00437-00138941-00139210 much about that it's mostly down to
ADh_xgCu5w8-00438-00139211-00139511 updating these things and having this
ADh_xgCu5w8-00439-00139512-00139963 sort of flow of time happen so I'm just
ADh_xgCu5w8-00440-00139964-00140273 gonna go over this main loop so of
ADh_xgCu5w8-00441-00140274-00140464 course you're gonna have two loops that
ADh_xgCu5w8-00442-00140465-00140626 go on here so you're gonna have one with
ADh_xgCu5w8-00443-00140627-00140812 a world that has no wind and you're
ADh_xgCu5w8-00444-00140813-00140953 gonna have one with a world that has
ADh_xgCu5w8-00445-00140954-00141212 wind that goes in the negative direction
ADh_xgCu5w8-00446-00141213-00141427 so at some point you're going to have to
ADh_xgCu5w8-00447-00141428-00142037 create a different world and run a
ADh_xgCu5w8-00448-00142038-00142276 second loop so that's that's one thing
ADh_xgCu5w8-00449-00142277-00142649 and so
ADh_xgCu5w8-00450-00142650-00142947 these loops and I guess at some point
ADh_xgCu5w8-00451-00142948-00143238 you're also going to have to you're
ADh_xgCu5w8-00452-00143239-00143568 probably gonna have to open the output
ADh_xgCu5w8-00453-00143569-00144021 file stream to a different file so sure
ADh_xgCu5w8-00454-00144022-00144215 why don't we think just a little bit
ADh_xgCu5w8-00455-00144216-00144564 about how some of these these top-level
ADh_xgCu5w8-00456-00144565-00145016 concerns would go here I might as well
ADh_xgCu5w8-00457-00145017-00145260 look at it from the perspective of using
ADh_xgCu5w8-00458-00145261-00145466 this world pointer I'd mentioned that
ADh_xgCu5w8-00459-00145467-00145604 this doesn't really matter a whole lot
ADh_xgCu5w8-00460-00145605-00145824 I'll see if I can show you a couple of
ADh_xgCu5w8-00461-00145825-00146066 alternatives here I should also note
ADh_xgCu5w8-00462-00146067-00146349 this end loop here of course this no
ADh_xgCu5w8-00463-00146350-00146556 longer is when the jetski comes to a
ADh_xgCu5w8-00464-00146557-00147900 stop this is when both axis so that
ADh_xgCu5w8-00465-00147901-00148050 should give you a pretty good idea of
ADh_xgCu5w8-00466-00148051-00148287 what kind of exit condition your loop
ADh_xgCu5w8-00467-00148288-00148827 would have here right okay so now what
ADh_xgCu5w8-00468-00148828-00149318 we can do here is kind of
ADh_xgCu5w8-00469-00149319-00149567 like we could honestly just copy a good
ADh_xgCu5w8-00470-00149568-00149945 big chunk of what's happening in here so
ADh_xgCu5w8-00471-00149946-00150107 I'm still gonna leave this get car at
ADh_xgCu5w8-00472-00150108-00150353 the end of the program to just stop it
ADh_xgCu5w8-00473-00150354-00150878 if if we're at the end so I'm gonna put
ADh_xgCu5w8-00474-00150879-00151076 a little bit of space between these two
ADh_xgCu5w8-00475-00151077-00151396 so that we can tell which one is which
ADh_xgCu5w8-00476-00151397-00151865 so I notice that I am not recreating
ADh_xgCu5w8-00477-00151866-00152186 this output file stream here because
ADh_xgCu5w8-00478-00152187-00152531 there's not really any need to this
ADh_xgCu5w8-00479-00152532-00152810 thing should continue to exist even
ADh_xgCu5w8-00480-00152811-00153380 after I close gravity CSV so I should be
ADh_xgCu5w8-00481-00153381-00153620 able to use that file or that output
ADh_xgCu5w8-00482-00153621-00154001 file stream again to open a different
ADh_xgCu5w8-00483-00154002-00154376 file or at least I'm pretty certain how
ADh_xgCu5w8-00484-00154377-00154439 this works
ADh_xgCu5w8-00485-00154440-00154607 I have not actually tested this one
ADh_xgCu5w8-00486-00154608-00154958 before jumping into this tutorial so um
ADh_xgCu5w8-00487-00154959-00155516 fingers crossed so ideally that should
ADh_xgCu5w8-00488-00155517-00155704 be how that goes
ADh_xgCu5w8-00489-00155705-00156325 and so we're just gonna open a new file
ADh_xgCu5w8-00490-00156326-00156752 here so that's um that's one thing we
ADh_xgCu5w8-00491-00156753-00156914 can print the headers just like we did
ADh_xgCu5w8-00492-00156915-00157412 before oh shoot yeah there is this
ADh_xgCu5w8-00493-00157413-00157625 little line of this update that I didn't
ADh_xgCu5w8-00494-00157626-00157957 change yet so update the jetski body
ADh_xgCu5w8-00495-00157958-00158240 this is going to change ever so slightly
ADh_xgCu5w8-00496-00158241-00158456 because we're now talking about a world
ADh_xgCu5w8-00497-00158457-00158695 and so
ADh_xgCu5w8-00498-00158696-00159082 in service of keeping this this demo
ADh_xgCu5w8-00499-00159083-00159397 from getting too too long I'm gonna end
ADh_xgCu5w8-00500-00159398-00159610 off with that update function of the
ADh_xgCu5w8-00501-00159611-00159817 world and updating the bodies
ADh_xgCu5w8-00502-00159818-00160210 accordingly so I'm gonna show you how
ADh_xgCu5w8-00503-00160211-00160507 things change when a world gets involved
ADh_xgCu5w8-00504-00160508-00160744 and how it can kind of save you a little
ADh_xgCu5w8-00505-00160745-00161340 bit of work so this is now going to be
ADh_xgCu5w8-00506-00161341-00161611 instead of update the jetski body we're
ADh_xgCu5w8-00507-00161612-00161788 going to be updating the world so we're
ADh_xgCu5w8-00508-00161789-00161932 not going to be updating the bodies
ADh_xgCu5w8-00509-00161933-00162145 individually anymore because that's this
ADh_xgCu5w8-00510-00162146-00162379 thing that one of the big things about
ADh_xgCu5w8-00511-00162380-00162841 the world that we want to hold on to the
ADh_xgCu5w8-00512-00162842-00163144 reason this is useful is because if the
ADh_xgCu5w8-00513-00163145-00163372 world's job is to update each of the
ADh_xgCu5w8-00514-00163373-00163681 bodies and we only ever call update on
ADh_xgCu5w8-00515-00163682-00164125 the world itself then it means that
ADh_xgCu5w8-00516-00164126-00164347 there's no way that one body can get
ADh_xgCu5w8-00517-00164348-00164566 updated more than others or in a
ADh_xgCu5w8-00518-00164567-00164743 different order than they're supposed to
ADh_xgCu5w8-00519-00164744-00165013 or any of those things that they will
ADh_xgCu5w8-00520-00165014-00165205 always be updated sort of in the same
ADh_xgCu5w8-00521-00165206-00165436 process by the world and we only ever
ADh_xgCu5w8-00522-00165437-00165643 have to call it one time in order to
ADh_xgCu5w8-00523-00165644-00165991 accomplish this and it just sorta saves
ADh_xgCu5w8-00524-00165992-00166171 us all kinds of trouble it saves us a
ADh_xgCu5w8-00525-00166172-00166393 lines of code it saves us potential bugs
ADh_xgCu5w8-00526-00166394-00166963 it's it's a good thing so we're gonna be
ADh_xgCu5w8-00527-00166964-00167128 talking about updating the world in just
ADh_xgCu5w8-00528-00167129-00167818 a second but first before we go there
ADh_xgCu5w8-00529-00167819-00168370 I'm going to just think about this this
ADh_xgCu5w8-00530-00168371-00168642 world variable that I'm using here so
ADh_xgCu5w8-00531-00168643-00168883 there's a couple different things that I
ADh_xgCu5w8-00532-00168884-00169089 can do here notice that this second
ADh_xgCu5w8-00533-00169090-00169513 simulation if we go to my document here
ADh_xgCu5w8-00534-00169514-00169882 I need to have a wind force of negative
ADh_xgCu5w8-00535-00169883-00170146 twenty zero so I have a couple of
ADh_xgCu5w8-00536-00170147-00170353 options here for setting this on the
ADh_xgCu5w8-00537-00170354-00170704 world there's a couple ways that I could
ADh_xgCu5w8-00538-00170705-00171175 go about doing this to be fair probably
ADh_xgCu5w8-00539-00171176-00171377 the most
ADh_xgCu5w8-00540-00171378-00171704 I don't know clean among these options
ADh_xgCu5w8-00541-00171705-00172514 is just to say world arrow wind force
ADh_xgCu5w8-00542-00172515-00173183 dot y equal to zero that's one thing
ADh_xgCu5w8-00543-00173184-00173501 that you could do playing with some of
ADh_xgCu5w8-00544-00173502-00173684 the lessons that we've had so far if you
ADh_xgCu5w8-00545-00173685-00174247 wanted to try doing something using
ADh_xgCu5w8-00546-00174248-00174548 creating a new world and deleting the
ADh_xgCu5w8-00547-00174549-00175040 old one so this is maybe less what I I
ADh_xgCu5w8-00548-00175041-00175259 recommend but it will work just the same
ADh_xgCu5w8-00549-00175260-00175610 is it would be entirely possible for you
ADh_xgCu5w8-00550-00175611-00176012 to write something that's like delete
ADh_xgCu5w8-00551-00176013-00176738 world world equals new well actually
ADh_xgCu5w8-00552-00176739-00176990 let's just grab this chunk from before
ADh_xgCu5w8-00553-00176991-00177161 cuz it's pretty close to what we want to
ADh_xgCu5w8-00554-00177162-00177611 write so and then all I have to do is
ADh_xgCu5w8-00555-00177612-00178055 say negative 20 there so what this will
ADh_xgCu5w8-00556-00178056-00178397 do is it because if you recall the GT
ADh_xgCu5w8-00557-00178398-00178604 world is in fact a pointer and that we
ADh_xgCu5w8-00558-00178605-00178796 created it to begin with with the new
ADh_xgCu5w8-00559-00178797-00179153 keyword so there is a GT world out there
ADh_xgCu5w8-00560-00179154-00179576 in the heap memory somewhere that we
ADh_xgCu5w8-00561-00179577-00179873 have created and we have an address to
ADh_xgCu5w8-00562-00179874-00180221 it so like anything that's on the heap
ADh_xgCu5w8-00563-00180222-00180494 we can use delete to tell it get rid of
ADh_xgCu5w8-00564-00180495-00180752 the one that we have and then we can
ADh_xgCu5w8-00565-00180753-00180968 create a new one now I should know
ADh_xgCu5w8-00566-00180969-00181205 creating new objects more than necessary
ADh_xgCu5w8-00567-00181206-00181553 can be a fairly expensive operation and
ADh_xgCu5w8-00568-00181554-00181775 I don't mean like a square root I mean
ADh_xgCu5w8-00569-00181776-00182111 like hundreds of times a square root if
ADh_xgCu5w8-00570-00182112-00182270 you have not heard that square roots are
ADh_xgCu5w8-00571-00182271-00182480 a big deal you probably will pretty soon
ADh_xgCu5w8-00572-00182481-00182678 Scott's probably going to make a big
ADh_xgCu5w8-00573-00182679-00182839 fuss about it sooner or later
ADh_xgCu5w8-00574-00182840-00183311 a certain operations on the CPU take
ADh_xgCu5w8-00575-00183312-00183566 longer than others an instantiation onto
ADh_xgCu5w8-00576-00183567-00183824 the heap is especially one of them it is
ADh_xgCu5w8-00577-00183825-00184130 a very very costly operation so you
ADh_xgCu5w8-00578-00184131-00184490 don't often need to do this too
ADh_xgCu5w8-00579-00184491-00184733 or at least you should avoid doing it
ADh_xgCu5w8-00580-00184734-00185123 more than absolutely necessary so now
ADh_xgCu5w8-00581-00185124-00185411 this could be good in a scenario where
ADh_xgCu5w8-00582-00185412-00185669 for example we needed to do more things
ADh_xgCu5w8-00583-00185670-00185870 than just this or for some reason
ADh_xgCu5w8-00584-00185871-00186431 perhaps we needed to completely reset
ADh_xgCu5w8-00585-00186432-00186628 everything and be a hundred percent sure
ADh_xgCu5w8-00586-00186629-00186815 that we're starting from scratch and
ADh_xgCu5w8-00587-00186816-00187190 that nothing happened here now actually
ADh_xgCu5w8-00588-00187191-00187300 [Music]
ADh_xgCu5w8-00589-00187301-00187778 this reminds me if we go back to what we
ADh_xgCu5w8-00590-00187779-00188179 were doing before talking about
ADh_xgCu5w8-00591-00188180-00188534 resetting things note that our elapsed
ADh_xgCu5w8-00592-00188535-00188909 time doesn't get reset here although I
ADh_xgCu5w8-00593-00188910-00189053 believe because the elapsed time is
ADh_xgCu5w8-00594-00189054-00189316 public we should just be able to set it
ADh_xgCu5w8-00595-00189317-00189590 to zero so that's one thing we could do
ADh_xgCu5w8-00596-00189591-00189841 so going back to our previous way of
ADh_xgCu5w8-00597-00189842-00190100 doing this this by changing these two
ADh_xgCu5w8-00598-00190101-00190366 things we reset it properly and sort of
ADh_xgCu5w8-00599-00190367-00190637 put things back to where we would be
ADh_xgCu5w8-00600-00190638-00191228 interested in having them be but the
ADh_xgCu5w8-00601-00191229-00191573 nice thing about taking this strategy
ADh_xgCu5w8-00602-00191574-00191738 that I'm talking about here deleting the
ADh_xgCu5w8-00603-00191739-00191915 world and recreating it is there is no
ADh_xgCu5w8-00604-00191916-00192056 way you can forget anything
ADh_xgCu5w8-00605-00192057-00192307 it will definitely reset everything so
ADh_xgCu5w8-00606-00192308-00192604 sometimes you don't hurt me
ADh_xgCu5w8-00607-00192605-00192746 sometimes you don't care about
ADh_xgCu5w8-00608-00192747-00192991 performance and you just want a sure bet
ADh_xgCu5w8-00609-00192992-00193250 you want a sanity check that will tell
ADh_xgCu5w8-00610-00193251-00193493 you for sure that things are working the
ADh_xgCu5w8-00611-00193494-00193637 way that you think they are or that
ADh_xgCu5w8-00612-00193638-00193799 you're setting the variables that you
ADh_xgCu5w8-00613-00193800-00194084 think you need to set so this can be
ADh_xgCu5w8-00614-00194085-00194554 helpful at times but this is the fastest
ADh_xgCu5w8-00615-00194555-00194893 way for the computer to execute it so
ADh_xgCu5w8-00616-00194894-00195239 use appropriately wherever you kind of
ADh_xgCu5w8-00617-00195240-00195414 need to
ADh_xgCu5w8-00618-00195415-00195637 [Music]
ADh_xgCu5w8-00619-00195638-00196143 so just a couple more things here we
ADh_xgCu5w8-00620-00196144-00196454 want to position I'm gonna throw this in
ADh_xgCu5w8-00621-00196455-00197027 as a to do so you want to position these
ADh_xgCu5w8-00622-00197028-00197237 bodies according to what the document
ADh_xgCu5w8-00623-00197238-00197411 says and you should remember to
ADh_xgCu5w8-00624-00197412-00197876 reposition the bodies here now if you
ADh_xgCu5w8-00625-00197877-00198072 were using this strategy here you would
ADh_xgCu5w8-00626-00198073-00198474 want to probably create you would need
ADh_xgCu5w8-00627-00198475-00198759 to add these two bodies as well to the
ADh_xgCu5w8-00628-00198760-00199112 world here so I am in the end not going
ADh_xgCu5w8-00629-00199113-00199328 to use a solution I'm going to stick
ADh_xgCu5w8-00630-00199329-00199497 with this one because I feel like I know
ADh_xgCu5w8-00631-00199498-00199686 enough about what's going on to be able
ADh_xgCu5w8-00632-00199687-00200022 to say this so basically what this means
ADh_xgCu5w8-00633-00200023-00200223 is that if I'm not recreating the world
ADh_xgCu5w8-00634-00200224-00200511 the world still has the bodies that were
ADh_xgCu5w8-00635-00200512-00200700 added to it before and I'm just going to
ADh_xgCu5w8-00636-00200701-00200898 reposition them so they've moved a bunch
ADh_xgCu5w8-00637-00200899-00201075 now but I'm just gonna set them back to
ADh_xgCu5w8-00638-00201076-00201215 their initial position the way that they
ADh_xgCu5w8-00639-00201216-00201387 were supposed to be and sort of continue
ADh_xgCu5w8-00640-00201388-00201704 on with life so that's what I'm going
ADh_xgCu5w8-00641-00201705-00201945 for here I'm just gonna run this quickly
ADh_xgCu5w8-00642-00201946-00202177 okay so we get two tables
ADh_xgCu5w8-00643-00202178-00202500 everything's zero that seems about what
ADh_xgCu5w8-00644-00202501-00202787 I would expect lastly I'm gonna go down
ADh_xgCu5w8-00645-00202788-00203396 here and gravity with file with wind
ADh_xgCu5w8-00646-00203397-00204249 what I was thinking all right all right
ADh_xgCu5w8-00647-00204250-00204479 so we have gravity with wind and it's
ADh_xgCu5w8-00648-00204480-00204645 coming out I don't see any reason that
ADh_xgCu5w8-00649-00204646-00204842 it should be formatted weirdly and it
ADh_xgCu5w8-00650-00204844-00205232 isn't so great everything looks good um
ADh_xgCu5w8-00651-00205233-00205532 all right so lastly I'm just gonna take
ADh_xgCu5w8-00652-00205533-00205838 a quick look at world again and probably
ADh_xgCu5w8-00653-00205839-00206132 just briefly at body as well because if
ADh_xgCu5w8-00654-00206133-00206381 you recall of course we have this body
ADh_xgCu5w8-00655-00206382-00206927 update and
ADh_xgCu5w8-00656-00206928-00207179 so we had talked a little bit about what
ADh_xgCu5w8-00657-00207180-00207412 update does in here although I haven't
ADh_xgCu5w8-00658-00207413-00207619 sort of revealed the details of this
ADh_xgCu5w8-00659-00207621-00208507 just yet so what I'm gonna do here is
ADh_xgCu5w8-00660-00208508-00208714 world is going to take over the
ADh_xgCu5w8-00661-00208715-00209113 responsibility of this update so you
ADh_xgCu5w8-00662-00209114-00209266 know this fancy little for loop thing
ADh_xgCu5w8-00663-00209267-00209432 that I put together here we're deleting
ADh_xgCu5w8-00664-00209433-00209614 I'm gonna use something just like it
ADh_xgCu5w8-00665-00209615-00210050 because in the worlds update I want to
ADh_xgCu5w8-00666-00210051-00210251 go through each one of the bodies and I
ADh_xgCu5w8-00667-00210252-00210626 want to update it now you're gonna say
ADh_xgCu5w8-00668-00210627-00211505 well doesn't that just mean something
ADh_xgCu5w8-00669-00211506-00212169 like that well it can that works it does
ADh_xgCu5w8-00670-00212171-00212569 and
ADh_xgCu5w8-00671-00212569-00212965 I think that this is good for what we're
ADh_xgCu5w8-00672-00212966-00213171 trying to do here today although you may
ADh_xgCu5w8-00673-00213173-00213592 find in the long run if you were trying
ADh_xgCu5w8-00674-00213592-00213817 to make yourself a good physics engine
ADh_xgCu5w8-00675-00213817-00214123 then in fact this update function from
ADh_xgCu5w8-00676-00214123-00214528 body might vanish entirely on this
ADh_xgCu5w8-00677-00214529-00214731 update function in body could just
ADh_xgCu5w8-00678-00214732-00215046 simply belong to here so instead of
ADh_xgCu5w8-00679-00215048-00215298 having an update function in body
ADh_xgCu5w8-00680-00215300-00215515 world's update does all of the math
ADh_xgCu5w8-00681-00215516-00215817 inside itself for each one of these each
ADh_xgCu5w8-00682-00215819-00216121 one of these objects there's a couple
ADh_xgCu5w8-00683-00216121-00216298 potential performance reasons for this
ADh_xgCu5w8-00684-00216298-00216466 but mostly it has to do with the fact
ADh_xgCu5w8-00685-00216467-00216625 that if you're trying to deal with
ADh_xgCu5w8-00686-00216626-00216959 resolving collisions intelligently you
ADh_xgCu5w8-00687-00216960-00217192 don't necessarily want to break that up
ADh_xgCu5w8-00688-00217192-00217339 into the responsibilities of the
ADh_xgCu5w8-00689-00217340-00217504 individual bodies because the world
ADh_xgCu5w8-00690-00217505-00217806 knows more about the positions of all
ADh_xgCu5w8-00691-00217807-00217969 the other bodies than the individual
ADh_xgCu5w8-00692-00217969-00218325 bodies do I'm not gonna get into that
ADh_xgCu5w8-00693-00218326-00218601 fight for now because I think this is
ADh_xgCu5w8-00694-00218602-00218917 fairly sufficient for what we're going
ADh_xgCu5w8-00695-00218917-00219241 to but I can show you what it would look
ADh_xgCu5w8-00696-00219242-00219396 like if you were doing something like
ADh_xgCu5w8-00697-00219398-00219755 this I might as well grab these
ADh_xgCu5w8-00698-00219756-00219960 statements here because they're more or
ADh_xgCu5w8-00699-00219961-00220426 less accurate so I'm gonna look at this
ADh_xgCu5w8-00700-00220427-00220683 the way that we could just do two math
ADh_xgCu5w8-00701-00220684-00220990 right here on the spot
ADh_xgCu5w8-00702-00220991-00221344 and instead of even having an update in
ADh_xgCu5w8-00703-00221344-00221692 here I'm going to get rid of it and sure
ADh_xgCu5w8-00704-00221692-00221907 enough that will make this CPP complain
ADh_xgCu5w8-00705-00221908-00222105 so I'm gonna get rid of this update here
ADh_xgCu5w8-00706-00222106-00222642 as well so I've got my three statements
ADh_xgCu5w8-00707-00222644-00223233 here so
ADh_xgCu5w8-00708-00223234-00223546 we had talked about resetting the
ADh_xgCu5w8-00709-00223546-00224019 acceleration so that's one thing so I
ADh_xgCu5w8-00710-00224021-00224763 got a notice that I call this Delta time
ADh_xgCu5w8-00711-00224764-00224994 you could call a time step you could
ADh_xgCu5w8-00712-00224996-00225342 call it Delta time come up to you so I'm
ADh_xgCu5w8-00713-00225344-00225733 just gonna throw in here so this is
ADh_xgCu5w8-00714-00225734-00226416 where we are taking the body's
ADh_xgCu5w8-00715-00226417-00226798 acceleration and transforming it into
ADh_xgCu5w8-00716-00226798-00227014 velocity this is this is referred to as
ADh_xgCu5w8-00717-00227015-00227305 integration and specifically Euler
ADh_xgCu5w8-00718-00227306-00227629 integration so that's you le are the the
ADh_xgCu5w8-00719-00227630-00227823 mathematician you've probably referred
ADh_xgCu5w8-00720-00227825-00227989 to as Euler a few times
ADh_xgCu5w8-00721-00227990-00228208 yeah it's Euler don't say Euler you'll
ADh_xgCu5w8-00722-00228209-00228691 sound like an idiot so what we can do
ADh_xgCu5w8-00723-00228692-00228969 here is there's a couple different
ADh_xgCu5w8-00724-00228971-00229153 things that we can do now you'll recall
ADh_xgCu5w8-00725-00229154-00229519 that our our vector two has been
ADh_xgCu5w8-00726-00229519-00229719 upgraded in a couple of ways using these
ADh_xgCu5w8-00727-00229721-00229987 fancy things to know to make it possible
ADh_xgCu5w8-00728-00229988-00230266 so that we can so that we can just
ADh_xgCu5w8-00729-00230267-00230413 multiply a couple of numbers together
ADh_xgCu5w8-00730-00230414-00230725 here so I'm gonna see if this will work
ADh_xgCu5w8-00731-00230726-00231091 I think it ought to so we have the
ADh_xgCu5w8-00732-00231092-00231451 body's acceleration and we want to
ADh_xgCu5w8-00733-00231452-00231786 multiply that against the change in time
ADh_xgCu5w8-00734-00231787-00232198 so I want you to see here that what
ADh_xgCu5w8-00735-00232198-00232756 we're talking about is like the final my
ADh_xgCu5w8-00736-00232757-00233098 mistake I need two plus equals here
ADh_xgCu5w8-00737-00233098-00233344 so actually you know what let me write
ADh_xgCu5w8-00738-00233344-00233496 that with the equals just for a moment
ADh_xgCu5w8-00739-00233498-00233701 so that I can make this as clear as it
ADh_xgCu5w8-00740-00233702-00234048 possibly can be
ADh_xgCu5w8-00741-00234050-00234328 uh-oh I didn't overload plus on its own
ADh_xgCu5w8-00742-00234329-00234541 okay well then we're not doing that
ADh_xgCu5w8-00743-00234542-00234894 so what this looks like is the final is
ADh_xgCu5w8-00744-00234896-00235092 equal to V initial so that's the plus
ADh_xgCu5w8-00745-00235094-00235485 equals cuz we're saying add this to the
ADh_xgCu5w8-00746-00235486-00235738 current value of velocity and store it
ADh_xgCu5w8-00747-00235739-00236029 in velocity so velocity final is equal
ADh_xgCu5w8-00748-00236030-00236262 to velocity initial plus acceleration
ADh_xgCu5w8-00749-00236263-00236808 times time that's an equation you ought
ADh_xgCu5w8-00750-00236809-00237052 to be familiar with this is the equation
ADh_xgCu5w8-00751-00237053-00237346 to integrate acceleration into velocity
ADh_xgCu5w8-00752-00237346-00237846 and something very similar is going to
ADh_xgCu5w8-00753-00237848-00238246 happen with position so if we talk about
ADh_xgCu5w8-00754-00238246-00238462 displacement final is equal to
ADh_xgCu5w8-00755-00238463-00238929 displacement initial plus velocity times
ADh_xgCu5w8-00756-00238930-00239133 time right because if we take a velocity
ADh_xgCu5w8-00757-00239134-00239314 and multiply it by time we get a
ADh_xgCu5w8-00758-00239315-00239617 distance so something very similar
ADh_xgCu5w8-00759-00239617-00240081 should happen here so this is going to
ADh_xgCu5w8-00760-00240082-00240298 just be position and instead of
ADh_xgCu5w8-00761-00240298-00240480 acceleration this is going to be
ADh_xgCu5w8-00762-00240481-00240906 velocity and that looks pretty good now
ADh_xgCu5w8-00763-00240907-00241339 if you're if your vector two isn't
ADh_xgCu5w8-00764-00241340-00241653 upgraded in all the same ways as mine
ADh_xgCu5w8-00765-00241654-00242200 with all of these operator overloads
ADh_xgCu5w8-00766-00242201-00242437 another way that you can approach this
ADh_xgCu5w8-00767-00242438-00242787 is to do something a little bit like
ADh_xgCu5w8-00768-00242788-00243151 velocity dot X and acceleration dot X
ADh_xgCu5w8-00769-00243152-00243721 and dot y dot Y it does get to be a
ADh_xgCu5w8-00770-00243721-00244023 little bit nicer if you can just use the
ADh_xgCu5w8-00771-00244025-00244469 vectors kind of as as they are I
ADh_xgCu5w8-00772-00244471-00244728 certainly prefer to just be able to do
ADh_xgCu5w8-00773-00244729-00244908 math on vectors directly rather than
ADh_xgCu5w8-00774-00244909-00245157 having to use
ADh_xgCu5w8-00775-00245158-00245880 they're member values directly but both
ADh_xgCu5w8-00776-00245881-00246219 both ways work both things are perfectly
ADh_xgCu5w8-00777-00246219-00246548 good ways of coming at this assignment
ADh_xgCu5w8-00778-00246550-00246744 especially given that you've not really
ADh_xgCu5w8-00779-00246744-00246894 had a whole lot of time to make a big
ADh_xgCu5w8-00780-00246894-00247164 fancy vector but for me in my version
ADh_xgCu5w8-00781-00247165-00247440 I'm gonna stick with the one that I have
ADh_xgCu5w8-00782-00247441-00247827 here so now just as a quick review of
ADh_xgCu5w8-00783-00247828-00247969 the situation here
ADh_xgCu5w8-00784-00247971-00248490 I've removed update from GD body because
ADh_xgCu5w8-00785-00248491-00248835 I am basically saying that it should be
ADh_xgCu5w8-00786-00248836-00249069 the world's responsibility to do the
ADh_xgCu5w8-00787-00249069-00249312 updating to move those those bodies
ADh_xgCu5w8-00788-00249313-00249702 around so that's that's the biggest
ADh_xgCu5w8-00789-00249703-00249894 thing that we're talking about doing
ADh_xgCu5w8-00790-00249894-00250281 here and so I also removed update of
ADh_xgCu5w8-00791-00250282-00250863 course from GD bodies CPP file and now
ADh_xgCu5w8-00792-00250864-00251109 all these things sort of belong in here
ADh_xgCu5w8-00793-00251110-00251325 and this is the basic flow that you can
ADh_xgCu5w8-00794-00251326-00251526 expect for one of these things probably
ADh_xgCu5w8-00795-00251527-00251748 somebody out there is asking why I'm not
ADh_xgCu5w8-00796-00251748-00251937 using the equation that involves a T
ADh_xgCu5w8-00797-00251938-00252507 squared over two and you could but in my
ADh_xgCu5w8-00798-00252508-00252869 experience this is probably sort of the
ADh_xgCu5w8-00799-00252871-00253059 tightest flow for for how this
ADh_xgCu5w8-00800-00253060-00253257 integration can go and it's also very
ADh_xgCu5w8-00801-00253258-00253476 easy for someone to read even if they
ADh_xgCu5w8-00802-00253477-00253791 don't necessarily know physics all that
ADh_xgCu5w8-00803-00253792-00254007 well like the equations aren't super
ADh_xgCu5w8-00804-00254008-00254169 complicated so you can kind of figure
ADh_xgCu5w8-00805-00254169-00254294 out what ought to be going on here
ADh_xgCu5w8-00806-00254296-00254664 that's one of the biggest concerns of
ADh_xgCu5w8-00807-00254665-00254817 writing code for me is trying to keep
ADh_xgCu5w8-00808-00254817-00255183 things understandable so that's that's a
ADh_xgCu5w8-00809-00255184-00255708 big thing going on there so um yeah
ADh_xgCu5w8-00810-00255709-00256014 like now I might as well give this to
ADh_xgCu5w8-00811-00256015-00256182 you as a freebie because at this point
ADh_xgCu5w8-00812-00256183-00256401 you've got her update and if you were
ADh_xgCu5w8-00813-00256402-00256756 guessing well
ADh_xgCu5w8-00814-00256757-00257227 is it that simple yup that's what it
ADh_xgCu5w8-00815-00257228-00257556 looks like that's me updating and
ADh_xgCu5w8-00816-00257557-00258064 passing on to the world that 0.1 seconds
ADh_xgCu5w8-00817-00258065-00258342 are gonna go by that's all I need to put
ADh_xgCu5w8-00818-00258344-00258685 for that and the world is updated and
ADh_xgCu5w8-00819-00258686-00258877 I'll just copy that into the one below
ADh_xgCu5w8-00820-00258878-00259657 as well so um yeah that's oh look at
ADh_xgCu5w8-00821-00259658-00259681 that
ADh_xgCu5w8-00822-00259682-00259951 I just noticed increment the time by one
ADh_xgCu5w8-00823-00259952-00260026 time step
ADh_xgCu5w8-00824-00260027-00260269 well hey neato the world keeps track of
ADh_xgCu5w8-00825-00260269-00260581 this and in fact we should probably make
ADh_xgCu5w8-00826-00260582-00260842 sure that it does we didn't say anything
ADh_xgCu5w8-00827-00260842-00261130 about the elapsed time here this does in
ADh_xgCu5w8-00828-00261131-00261325 fact keep in elapsed time but when we
ADh_xgCu5w8-00829-00261326-00261541 call update of course we want to make
ADh_xgCu5w8-00830-00261542-00261819 sure that the elapsed time increases so
ADh_xgCu5w8-00831-00261821-00264372 why don't we do that pretty easy to do
ADh_xgCu5w8-00832-00264373-00264715 sweet look at that okay so now the
ADh_xgCu5w8-00833-00264716-00264976 elapsed time will increase by one step
ADh_xgCu5w8-00834-00264977-00265174 of Delta time whenever we pass that in
ADh_xgCu5w8-00835-00265175-00265762 and cool look at that it's one step of
ADh_xgCu5w8-00836-00265763-00266060 this goes away
ADh_xgCu5w8-00837-00266061-00266264 all right we're getting a little bit
ADh_xgCu5w8-00838-00266265-00266435 closer to the world kind of doing all
ADh_xgCu5w8-00839-00266436-00266663 the work here so that feels pretty good
ADh_xgCu5w8-00840-00266664-00266939 um and I'm just gonna run this one more
ADh_xgCu5w8-00841-00266940-00267173 time see what's going on nothing really
ADh_xgCu5w8-00842-00267174-00267419 should have changed but sanity check to
ADh_xgCu5w8-00843-00267420-00267530 make sure I didn't break anything
ADh_xgCu5w8-00844-00267531-00267902 obvious okay so the tables come out
ADh_xgCu5w8-00845-00267903-00268382 properly and we have our two files let's
ADh_xgCu5w8-00846-00268383-00269096 see if they open okay not sure okay so I
ADh_xgCu5w8-00847-00269097-00269422 have gravity here and gravity with wind
ADh_xgCu5w8-00848-00269423-00269714 great okay both of those are working
ADh_xgCu5w8-00849-00269715-00269905 more or less like I would want them to
ADh_xgCu5w8-00850-00269906-00270287 all right so um I'd say that this is
ADh_xgCu5w8-00851-00270288-00270671 this is at a pretty good spot so at this
ADh_xgCu5w8-00852-00270672-00270992 point you should be able to sort of go
ADh_xgCu5w8-00853-00270993-00271220 ahead position the bodies where you need
ADh_xgCu5w8-00854-00271221-00271415 them to be positioned add them to the
ADh_xgCu5w8-00855-00271416-00271586 world using the functions that we put
ADh_xgCu5w8-00856-00271587-00271847 together to do that run your simulations
ADh_xgCu5w8-00857-00271848-00272222 and then make sure to open up the CSV
ADh_xgCu5w8-00858-00272223-00272486 files here and start plotting the
ADh_xgCu5w8-00859-00272487-00272722 positions of those things through time
ADh_xgCu5w8-00860-00272723-00273158 and yeah I think that's a pretty good
ADh_xgCu5w8-00861-00273159-00273341 stopping off point we're at about 45
ADh_xgCu5w8-00862-00273342-00273806 minutes great ah okay well I'll see you
ADh_xgCu5w8-00863-00273807-00274031 in class then good luck with the rest of
ADh_xgCu5w8-00864-00274032-00274298 the assignment
ADB-K7xwhI0-00000-00000209-00001065 if I can speak in that space to my yep
ADB-K7xwhI0-00001-00001066-00001647 hear ye hear ye hear ye hidden automata
ADB-K7xwhI0-00002-00001648-00001857 Hawaii hitting our Fonua
ADB-K7xwhI0-00003-00001857-00002390 Hawaii you do I hear ye order and so
ADB-K7xwhI0-00004-00002391-00003026 water is the BB beginning of life and
ADB-K7xwhI0-00005-00003027-00003639 for us and Maori 'dom water was the one
ADB-K7xwhI0-00006-00003640-00003911 element in life that our people
ADB-K7xwhI0-00007-00003913-00004684 understood anu was the was the essence
ADB-K7xwhI0-00008-00004685-00005224 to who we are and who we become because
ADB-K7xwhI0-00009-00005225-00005527 of their bodies being and I don't know
ADB-K7xwhI0-00010-00005528-00005713 where their ancestors actually knew to
ADB-K7xwhI0-00011-00005714-00005950 the limits of what percent they place on
ADB-K7xwhI0-00012-00005951-00006346 our body has been water but that element
ADB-K7xwhI0-00013-00006347-00006902 of water itself comes from our ancestors
ADB-K7xwhI0-00014-00006903-00007402 in the heavens to the Moana to the
ADB-K7xwhI0-00015-00007403-00007759 mountains and it is from those mountains
ADB-K7xwhI0-00016-00007759-00008127 that flow those waterways of life those
ADB-K7xwhI0-00017-00008128-00008603 tributaries each of those tributaries
ADB-K7xwhI0-00018-00008604-00008980 had a sustainability of natural and
ADB-K7xwhI0-00019-00008981-00009534 fresh water that our people like all
ADB-K7xwhI0-00020-00009535-00009839 indigenous people never took for granted
ADB-K7xwhI0-00021-00009840-00010248 but respected in a relationship one on
ADB-K7xwhI0-00022-00010249-00010723 one so there is a proverb or worker Toki
ADB-K7xwhI0-00023-00010724-00010887 that says quote the our walk with the
ADB-K7xwhI0-00024-00010888-00011119 our walk whoa I am the river the river
ADB-K7xwhI0-00025-00011120-00011580 is me that speaks of that uniqueness of
ADB-K7xwhI0-00026-00011581-00011924 the relationship between our people and
ADB-K7xwhI0-00027-00011925-00012495 life but the understanding there that
ADB-K7xwhI0-00028-00012496-00012762 water body that makes its way out to the
ADB-K7xwhI0-00029-00012763-00013203 seas to the lakes and then creates those
ADB-K7xwhI0-00030-00013204-00013338 underground aquifer
ADB-K7xwhI0-00031-00013340-00013966 a roll part and parcel of our aura
ADB-K7xwhI0-00032-00013966-00014983 Natalya Tonga or our continuum in life
ADB-K7xwhI0-00033-00014984-00015190 you
AFDqpSFYJVo-00000-00000003-00000281 everyone welcome to our stats 2050 class
AFDqpSFYJVo-00001-00000282-00000511 I'm excited to have you here for this
AFDqpSFYJVo-00002-00000512-00000857 semester so what I wanted to do was go
AFDqpSFYJVo-00003-00000858-00001040 through and kind of walk through how we
AFDqpSFYJVo-00004-00001041-00001457 are going to use this course website so
AFDqpSFYJVo-00005-00001458-00001625 this is myopenmath some of you may be
AFDqpSFYJVo-00006-00001626-00001895 familiar with this already a lot of you
AFDqpSFYJVo-00007-00001896-00002165 though might be your first time and even
AFDqpSFYJVo-00008-00002166-00002443 if you have used myopenmath I use it a
AFDqpSFYJVo-00009-00002444-00002648 little bit differently than your other
AFDqpSFYJVo-00010-00002649-00002902 instructors and so I want to just walk
AFDqpSFYJVo-00011-00002903-00003065 through and kind of show you what are
AFDqpSFYJVo-00012-00003066-00003272 some of the key features and the tools
AFDqpSFYJVo-00013-00003272-00003511 that we're going to be using so right at
AFDqpSFYJVo-00014-00003513-00003794 the top you have access to this course
AFDqpSFYJVo-00015-00003795-00004031 walkthrough video flipped right here and
AFDqpSFYJVo-00016-00004032-00004247 directly underneath it we see that we
AFDqpSFYJVo-00017-00004248-00004538 have our syllabus now if we go ahead and
AFDqpSFYJVo-00018-00004539-00004835 we just click the plus symbol it will
AFDqpSFYJVo-00019-00004836-00005056 just pull up the syllabus right here so
AFDqpSFYJVo-00020-00005057-00005306 we can see it right in the our
AFDqpSFYJVo-00021-00005307-00005402 myopenmath
AFDqpSFYJVo-00022-00005403-00005660 it's kind of handy you'll be using a lot
AFDqpSFYJVo-00023-00005661-00006088 of these document viewers and so to get
AFDqpSFYJVo-00024-00006089-00006263 started I just wanted to go through and
AFDqpSFYJVo-00025-00006264-00006464 kind of point out a few of the important
AFDqpSFYJVo-00026-00006465-00006817 things with syllabus so you'll see my
AFDqpSFYJVo-00027-00006818-00007100 office is in the physical science
AFDqpSFYJVo-00028-00007101-00007414 building 335 and there's my phone number
AFDqpSFYJVo-00029-00007415-00007733 you'll probably not catch me very often
AFDqpSFYJVo-00030-00007734-00007898 I'm not going to be in my office very
AFDqpSFYJVo-00031-00007898-00008159 much but if you need to get a hold of me
AFDqpSFYJVo-00032-00008159-00008396 please email me and I kind of have
AFDqpSFYJVo-00033-00008397-00008764 something unique email hours if you
AFDqpSFYJVo-00034-00008765-00008969 email me kind of during the day I will
AFDqpSFYJVo-00035-00008970-00009119 try really hard to get back to you
AFDqpSFYJVo-00036-00009120-00009449 Monday through Thursday but in the late
AFDqpSFYJVo-00037-00009450-00009724 afternoons late at night don't expect me
AFDqpSFYJVo-00038-00009725-00009941 to respond to you immediately I'll
AFDqpSFYJVo-00039-00009942-00010238 respond to you the next morning I also
AFDqpSFYJVo-00040-00010239-00010469 have office hours but they're by
AFDqpSFYJVo-00041-00010470-00010681 appointment so you just need to send me
AFDqpSFYJVo-00042-00010682-00010864 an email and I would be more than happy
AFDqpSFYJVo-00043-00010865-00011081 to do a zoom meeting for you I've done a
AFDqpSFYJVo-00044-00011082-00011317 bunch of them already and they are
AFDqpSFYJVo-00045-00011318-00011620 they're super handy and I was able to
AFDqpSFYJVo-00046-00011621-00011891 help a lot people so feel free to do a
AFDqpSFYJVo-00047-00011892-00012310 zoom meeting with me the required texts
AFDqpSFYJVo-00048-00012311-00012605 basically you can either do the
AFDqpSFYJVo-00049-00012606-00012788 discovering statistics the second or
AFDqpSFYJVo-00050-00012789-00013069 third edition neither of them are
AFDqpSFYJVo-00051-00013069-00013354 exactly
AFDqpSFYJVo-00052-00013355-00013687 required but they are kind of the Oh
AFDqpSFYJVo-00053-00013688-00013993 what a lot of this class was kind of
AFDqpSFYJVo-00054-00013994-00014419 built off of and it follows the the same
AFDqpSFYJVo-00055-00014419-00014713 structure as those books they're not
AFDqpSFYJVo-00056-00014715-00014960 required though if you like the
AFDqpSFYJVo-00057-00014961-00015146 materials that I give you through my
AFDqpSFYJVo-00058-00015147-00015353 videos and through other things that's
AFDqpSFYJVo-00059-00015354-00015551 totally fine but if you're finding that
AFDqpSFYJVo-00060-00015552-00015677 you're kind of struggling a little bit
AFDqpSFYJVo-00061-00015678-00015896 please grab one of those books there
AFDqpSFYJVo-00062-00015897-00016244 they are very good what is required is
AFDqpSFYJVo-00063-00016244-00016445 software for this class so you're going
AFDqpSFYJVo-00064-00016446-00016718 to need to have at least Microsoft Excel
AFDqpSFYJVo-00065-00016719-00017063 2016 or the the next one that was
AFDqpSFYJVo-00066-00017064-00017195 released and you're going to need to
AFDqpSFYJVo-00067-00017196-00017471 have our in our studio both of these
AFDqpSFYJVo-00068-00017472-00017933 will work on your Mac or your PC I have
AFDqpSFYJVo-00069-00017934-00018296 had limited success with Linux and it
AFDqpSFYJVo-00070-00018297-00018659 will not work on on a Chromebook or an
AFDqpSFYJVo-00071-00018660-00018938 iPad so you will need access to a
AFDqpSFYJVo-00072-00018939-00019342 computer Mac or PC both of them work and
AFDqpSFYJVo-00073-00019343-00019592 there are other videos that are going to
AFDqpSFYJVo-00074-00019593-00019772 teach you about how to actually get
AFDqpSFYJVo-00075-00019773-00020054 those things loaded up and I'll I'll be
AFDqpSFYJVo-00076-00020055-00020224 talk about those later
AFDqpSFYJVo-00077-00020225-00020519 required hardware you will need a webcam
AFDqpSFYJVo-00078-00020520-00020834 most laptops its built-in and it's
AFDqpSFYJVo-00079-00020835-00020981 totally fine but if you don't have a
AFDqpSFYJVo-00080-00020982-00021290 webcam eventually you will need a webcam
AFDqpSFYJVo-00081-00021291-00021596 so that you can take your exams through
AFDqpSFYJVo-00082-00021597-00021764 Proctor you
AFDqpSFYJVo-00083-00021765-00022109 so that's will probably be the the
AFDqpSFYJVo-00084-00022110-00022238 resource that we will be using for
AFDqpSFYJVo-00085-00022239-00022577 taking our examinations and yeah you'll
AFDqpSFYJVo-00086-00022578-00022721 you're probably going to need a webcam
AFDqpSFYJVo-00087-00022722-00023009 at some point I'm okay our evaluation
AFDqpSFYJVo-00088-00023010-00023324 criteria we basically have kind of four
AFDqpSFYJVo-00089-00023325-00023645 things periodically I will ask us to do
AFDqpSFYJVo-00090-00023646-00023795 activities they're pretty much
AFDqpSFYJVo-00091-00023796-00024002 completion grades as long as you do it
AFDqpSFYJVo-00092-00024003-00024326 you will get your activity points so
AFDqpSFYJVo-00093-00024327-00024614 once again easy points pretty much
AFDqpSFYJVo-00094-00024615-00024836 completion grade next thing through is
AFDqpSFYJVo-00095-00024837-00025085 their coursework and your coursework is
AFDqpSFYJVo-00096-00025086-00025286 worth about 25 percent of your grade so
AFDqpSFYJVo-00097-00025287-00025499 that's going to be essentially what we
AFDqpSFYJVo-00098-00025500-00025667 call you know like our homeworks we call
AFDqpSFYJVo-00099-00025668-00026126 them benchmarks and guides you will be
AFDqpSFYJVo-00100-00026127-00026492 able to do work on those and a lot of
AFDqpSFYJVo-00101-00026493-00026627 them you're able to work on until you
AFDqpSFYJVo-00102-00026627-00026695 get the grade
AFDqpSFYJVo-00103-00026697-00026902 you want so that you can kind of go back
AFDqpSFYJVo-00104-00026904-00027074 there and do a whole bunch of practicing
AFDqpSFYJVo-00105-00027075-00027218 I'll give you more information on that
AFDqpSFYJVo-00106-00027219-00027422 later a certificates are basically our
AFDqpSFYJVo-00107-00027423-00027752 quizzes and they are worth 10% so
AFDqpSFYJVo-00108-00027752-00027938 they're basically just trying to make
AFDqpSFYJVo-00109-00027939-00028114 sure that you have gathered the right
AFDqpSFYJVo-00110-00028116-00028420 information through each of our sections
AFDqpSFYJVo-00111-00028420-00028799 and the certificates is where I pulled a
AFDqpSFYJVo-00112-00028800-00029075 lot of my material for my exams and the
AFDqpSFYJVo-00113-00029076-00029273 bulk of them of your grade is going to
AFDqpSFYJVo-00114-00029274-00029666 be in your exams will have two one for
AFDqpSFYJVo-00115-00029667-00029993 our midterm and one for kind of our
AFDqpSFYJVo-00116-00029994-00030214 final and we see the grading scale
AFDqpSFYJVo-00117-00030216-00030386 cutoff so it's kind of our standard
AFDqpSFYJVo-00118-00030387-00030749 scale if I see the need I may shift the
AFDqpSFYJVo-00119-00030750-00030992 grade the grade point down which means
AFDqpSFYJVo-00120-00030993-00031214 like I might make an 88 and a in the
AFDqpSFYJVo-00121-00031214-00031457 class if I feel that it's important but
AFDqpSFYJVo-00122-00031458-00031610 I'll never pop it up like all this
AFDqpSFYJVo-00123-00031611-00031967 doesn't make it 92 is what an a is so
AFDqpSFYJVo-00124-00031968-00032329 anyhow that's our grading scale cutoff
AFDqpSFYJVo-00125-00032330-00032555 here's our tentative schedule you can
AFDqpSFYJVo-00126-00032556-00032806 look at this but this is really rough
AFDqpSFYJVo-00127-00032807-00033014 we're going to look at the course
AFDqpSFYJVo-00128-00033015-00033233 calendar and that is what you really
AFDqpSFYJVo-00129-00033234-00033407 should be basing everything off but name
AFDqpSFYJVo-00130-00033408-00033725 is template calendar this is just some
AFDqpSFYJVo-00131-00033726-00034049 more explanation and then here is our
AFDqpSFYJVo-00132-00034050-00034334 additional class information so prereqs
AFDqpSFYJVo-00133-00034335-00034580 some of our goals your student rights
AFDqpSFYJVo-00134-00034581-00034781 and responsibilities academic code
AFDqpSFYJVo-00135-00034782-00034949 violations basically if I feel that
AFDqpSFYJVo-00136-00034950-00035195 you're cheating or plagiarizing I will
AFDqpSFYJVo-00137-00035196-00035465 confront you directly and I basically
AFDqpSFYJVo-00138-00035466-00035759 have a zero-tolerance policy so if if I
AFDqpSFYJVo-00139-00035760-00035921 have problems with that I'll just kick
AFDqpSFYJVo-00140-00035922-00036155 you out of class I have not had to do
AFDqpSFYJVo-00141-00036156-00036434 that yet so let's keep that official
AFDqpSFYJVo-00142-00036435-00036707 means of communication please only email
AFDqpSFYJVo-00143-00036708-00037103 me through my Casper College email which
AFDqpSFYJVo-00144-00037104-00037448 is right up here this Ethan Bob Harris
AFDqpSFYJVo-00145-00037449-00037775 at Casper college.edu do not use the
AFDqpSFYJVo-00146-00037776-00038183 Moodle for me or do not use theirs
AFDqpSFYJVo-00147-00038184-00038474 sometimes some messaging forums within
AFDqpSFYJVo-00148-00038475-00038831 myopenmath please don't use those please
AFDqpSFYJVo-00149-00038832-00039446 just use my Casper College email and I
AFDqpSFYJVo-00150-00039447-00039635 think that's about it if you feel like
AFDqpSFYJVo-00151-00039636-00039765 there's any harassment or discrimination
AFDqpSFYJVo-00152-00039766-00040064 happening you can contact me
AFDqpSFYJVo-00153-00040065-00040321 or you can contact anybody above me once
AFDqpSFYJVo-00154-00040322-00040676 again it's a zero tolerance policy if
AFDqpSFYJVo-00155-00040677-00040921 you need any accommodations for extended
AFDqpSFYJVo-00156-00040922-00041315 time for working on assignments and for
AFDqpSFYJVo-00157-00041316-00041642 your examinations please go through the
AFDqpSFYJVo-00158-00041643-00041879 colleges services they'll send me an
AFDqpSFYJVo-00159-00041880-00042095 email and it's super easy for me to make
AFDqpSFYJVo-00160-00042096-00042352 that happen for you but I need to have
AFDqpSFYJVo-00161-00042353-00042524 it go through the correct channels so
AFDqpSFYJVo-00162-00042525-00042793 just make sure that I get some sort of
AFDqpSFYJVo-00163-00042794-00043109 email coming through Casper College
AFDqpSFYJVo-00164-00043110-00043387 letting me know that if you need those
AFDqpSFYJVo-00165-00043388-00043667 additional extensions and it's not a
AFDqpSFYJVo-00166-00043668-00043814 problem just make sure that it gets to
AFDqpSFYJVo-00167-00043815-00044075 me all right so that takes care of the
AFDqpSFYJVo-00168-00044076-00044330 syllabus and now kind of for like
AFDqpSFYJVo-00169-00044331-00044656 actually going through our class website
AFDqpSFYJVo-00170-00044657-00045095 so what we start off with is this
AFDqpSFYJVo-00171-00045096-00045356 calendar and the calendar is really
AFDqpSFYJVo-00172-00045357-00045626 important it is basically what we are
AFDqpSFYJVo-00173-00045627-00045932 going to be seeing where our due dates
AFDqpSFYJVo-00174-00045933-00046154 are and things that are coming up and so
AFDqpSFYJVo-00175-00046155-00046430 as you can see right now we have an
AFDqpSFYJVo-00176-00046431-00046676 activity that is due tomorrow so if we
AFDqpSFYJVo-00177-00046677-00046979 click on the actual day down below it
AFDqpSFYJVo-00178-00046980-00047162 pops up a little bit of more information
AFDqpSFYJVo-00179-00047163-00047381 it says data collection icebreaker and
AFDqpSFYJVo-00180-00047382-00047570 if you click on this you can actually go
AFDqpSFYJVo-00181-00047571-00047825 straight to the activity and it'll pull
AFDqpSFYJVo-00182-00047826-00048092 it up and it has this activity for for
AFDqpSFYJVo-00183-00048093-00048350 you to go in and fill out responses and
AFDqpSFYJVo-00184-00048351-00048668 go ahead and do so if we go back now to
AFDqpSFYJVo-00185-00048669-00048895 our myopenmath
AFDqpSFYJVo-00186-00048896-00049160 what we can see is we could also go to
AFDqpSFYJVo-00187-00049161-00049343 wednesday and on wednesday we see that a
AFDqpSFYJVo-00188-00049344-00049604 we've got these benchmarks and we have
AFDqpSFYJVo-00189-00049605-00049898 some certificates now if you notice
AFDqpSFYJVo-00190-00049899-00050195 these benchmarks they are grayed out or
AFDqpSFYJVo-00191-00050196-00050339 want to talk about what exactly that
AFDqpSFYJVo-00192-00050340-00050533 means if you notice you can't click on
AFDqpSFYJVo-00193-00050534-00050818 them right now and the certificates if
AFDqpSFYJVo-00194-00050819-00051112 you open up the certificate it says that
AFDqpSFYJVo-00195-00051113-00051379 we need a password so we'll go see how
AFDqpSFYJVo-00196-00051380-00051715 we actually open these up and how we get
AFDqpSFYJVo-00197-00051716-00052238 into those assessments okay so let's
AFDqpSFYJVo-00198-00052239-00052709 start off by going down and looking at
AFDqpSFYJVo-00199-00052710-00053017 our what's called the statistician
AFDqpSFYJVo-00200-00053019-00053194 toolbox so I'm going to open this up
AFDqpSFYJVo-00201-00053195-00053387 first
AFDqpSFYJVo-00202-00053388-00053591 so the statisticians toolbox is in this
AFDqpSFYJVo-00203-00053591-00053691 class we're going to be learning
AFDqpSFYJVo-00204-00053692-00053873 basically a whole bunch of different
AFDqpSFYJVo-00205-00053874-00054292 skills of using different different
AFDqpSFYJVo-00206-00054294-00054626 programs mostly what it's called R and R
AFDqpSFYJVo-00207-00054627-00054967 commander and Excel and sometimes you're
AFDqpSFYJVo-00208-00054969-00055172 going to need to know how to do you know
AFDqpSFYJVo-00209-00055173-00055421 certain things like import data or how
AFDqpSFYJVo-00210-00055422-00055736 to flip some numbers around or how to
AFDqpSFYJVo-00211-00055737-00055949 make your columns rows or you know just
AFDqpSFYJVo-00212-00055950-00056116 kind of how to manipulate your data and
AFDqpSFYJVo-00213-00056117-00056467 in here the first thing is just this is
AFDqpSFYJVo-00214-00056469-00056648 a link to our YouTube channel so I've
AFDqpSFYJVo-00215-00056649-00056801 got a whole bunch of videos in this
AFDqpSFYJVo-00216-00056802-00057020 class if you need to just let search
AFDqpSFYJVo-00217-00057021-00057179 them to the YouTube channel you can do
AFDqpSFYJVo-00218-00057179-00057454 that but if we look at the our commander
AFDqpSFYJVo-00219-00057455-00057902 tools I have this first one really
AFDqpSFYJVo-00220-00057903-00058079 important this is going to be getting
AFDqpSFYJVo-00221-00058079-00058279 our on our studio running on your
AFDqpSFYJVo-00222-00058280-00058535 computer this is a must we need to get
AFDqpSFYJVo-00223-00058536-00058716 this done in like day one or day two
AFDqpSFYJVo-00224-00058717-00059048 please click on this and follow the
AFDqpSFYJVo-00225-00059049-00059264 instructions to get those software
AFDqpSFYJVo-00226-00059265-00059438 running on your computer I expect that
AFDqpSFYJVo-00227-00059439-00059561 there are going to be people who have
AFDqpSFYJVo-00228-00059562-00059753 problems getting these things loaded and
AFDqpSFYJVo-00229-00059754-00059885 that's fine
AFDqpSFYJVo-00230-00059886-00060175 please just come and talk to me and
AFDqpSFYJVo-00231-00060176-00060515 email me we can do a zoom meeting nice
AFDqpSFYJVo-00232-00060516-00060689 thing about zoom is I can even just take
AFDqpSFYJVo-00233-00060690-00060890 control of your computer and get it
AFDqpSFYJVo-00234-00060891-00061247 loaded for you so anyhow please watch
AFDqpSFYJVo-00235-00061248-00061424 those videos get as far as you can if
AFDqpSFYJVo-00236-00061425-00061607 you stumble that's fine just come talk
AFDqpSFYJVo-00237-00061608-00061766 to me and then down here we've got all
AFDqpSFYJVo-00238-00061766-00062092 of these other videos about like how
AFDqpSFYJVo-00239-00062094-00062339 tall install our commander how to change
AFDqpSFYJVo-00240-00062340-00062651 or data type and what we can do is we
AFDqpSFYJVo-00241-00062652-00062813 can let me just go ahead and click on
AFDqpSFYJVo-00242-00062814-00063050 change data type you can click on it and
AFDqpSFYJVo-00243-00063051-00063239 you can start watching this short video
AFDqpSFYJVo-00244-00063240-00063461 shows you how to change the type of data
AFDqpSFYJVo-00245-00063462-00063896 that you're working with okay so that's
AFDqpSFYJVo-00246-00063897-00064129 that for the or commander tools I have
AFDqpSFYJVo-00247-00064130-00064463 them also for like Excel tools I don't
AFDqpSFYJVo-00248-00064464-00064598 have anything in there right now I'll
AFDqpSFYJVo-00249-00064599-00064778 add some videos in there as we go along
AFDqpSFYJVo-00250-00064779-00065041 and then flowcharts and cheat sheets
AFDqpSFYJVo-00251-00065042-00065447 these are just like quick references for
AFDqpSFYJVo-00252-00065448-00065759 some of the various things that we learn
AFDqpSFYJVo-00253-00065760-00065951 in statistics and if you need just a
AFDqpSFYJVo-00254-00065952-00066104 quick cheat sheet that's where I'll dump
AFDqpSFYJVo-00255-00066105-00066341 them and you can use it so anyways
AFDqpSFYJVo-00256-00066342-00066563 statisticians toolbox is just there to
AFDqpSFYJVo-00257-00066564-00066763 help you out
AFDqpSFYJVo-00258-00066764-00067018 now into our actual class so the class
AFDqpSFYJVo-00259-00067019-00067265 is broken up into four cores right now
AFDqpSFYJVo-00260-00067266-00067490 I'm just showing these first two it's
AFDqpSFYJVo-00261-00067491-00067726 the same pattern once you see how things
AFDqpSFYJVo-00262-00067727-00067912 are going along so I'm going to go ahead
AFDqpSFYJVo-00263-00067913-00068143 and open up core one and we're seeing
AFDqpSFYJVo-00264-00068144-00068575 our first three four first three
AFDqpSFYJVo-00265-00068576-00068812 sections and I want to open up section 1
AFDqpSFYJVo-00266-00068813-00069035 which is sampling and data and at the
AFDqpSFYJVo-00267-00069036-00069187 very beginning what we have is kind of
AFDqpSFYJVo-00268-00069188-00069347 our learning objectives so right here I
AFDqpSFYJVo-00269-00069348-00069598 have want to recognize and differentiate
AFDqpSFYJVo-00270-00069599-00069957 between key vocabulary terms etc etc
AFDqpSFYJVo-00271-00069958-00070259 down here the textbook remember this is
AFDqpSFYJVo-00272-00070260-00070421 for reference only but we're basically
AFDqpSFYJVo-00273-00070422-00070634 covering chapter 1 and chapter 2 so if
AFDqpSFYJVo-00274-00070635-00070871 you do buy the textbook it this come
AFDqpSFYJVo-00275-00070872-00071021 tells you where in the textbook we're
AFDqpSFYJVo-00276-00071022-00071332 going to be looking at naked statistics
AFDqpSFYJVo-00277-00071333-00071593 is a another kind of reference book it's
AFDqpSFYJVo-00278-00071594-00071723 really good if you want to kind of like
AFDqpSFYJVo-00279-00071724-00071992 a big big picture idea of kind of what's
AFDqpSFYJVo-00280-00071993-00072151 happening in statistics again not
AFDqpSFYJVo-00281-00072152-00072460 required and then additionally I also
AFDqpSFYJVo-00282-00072461-00072730 post like some real-world articles and
AFDqpSFYJVo-00283-00072731-00072965 podcasts if you're really interested in
AFDqpSFYJVo-00284-00072966-00073148 learning some extra things so these are
AFDqpSFYJVo-00285-00073149-00073373 like their reading assignments but
AFDqpSFYJVo-00286-00073374-00073612 they're not mandatory but they do
AFDqpSFYJVo-00287-00073613-00073807 provide really good material that it is
AFDqpSFYJVo-00288-00073808-00074043 relevant for this section that we're in
AFDqpSFYJVo-00289-00074044-00074329 alright so scrolling down each section
AFDqpSFYJVo-00290-00074330-00074701 has these three kind of like sub sub
AFDqpSFYJVo-00291-00074702-00074915 groups called section material
AFDqpSFYJVo-00292-00074916-00075193 coursework and certificates so we're
AFDqpSFYJVo-00293-00075194-00075307 going to always start at the top with
AFDqpSFYJVo-00294-00075308-00075503 our section material gonna open it up
AFDqpSFYJVo-00295-00075504-00075811 and then we have an opening activity and
AFDqpSFYJVo-00296-00075812-00076048 if we open it this is the icebreaker now
AFDqpSFYJVo-00297-00076049-00076312 this data collection icebreaker that was
AFDqpSFYJVo-00298-00076313-00076681 this activity so basically anything that
AFDqpSFYJVo-00299-00076682-00076871 you need to do in class is gonna pop up
AFDqpSFYJVo-00300-00076872-00077161 on the calendar which is nice but you
AFDqpSFYJVo-00301-00077162-00077573 can also find it inside of our section
AFDqpSFYJVo-00302-00077574-00077782 material on opening activity all right
AFDqpSFYJVo-00303-00077783-00078067 so that's kind of we're first in and the
AFDqpSFYJVo-00304-00078068-00078304 opening activity is usually some sort of
AFDqpSFYJVo-00305-00078305-00078910 way to introduce an idea into our into
AFDqpSFYJVo-00306-00078911-00079144 our class you don't really know so time
AFDqpSFYJVo-00307-00079145-00079303 you don't need to know much of anything
AFDqpSFYJVo-00308-00079304-00079480 and in order to do the activity it's
AFDqpSFYJVo-00309-00079481-00079640 just a lot of times it's just collecting
AFDqpSFYJVo-00310-00079641-00079873 data that is useful to explain kind of
AFDqpSFYJVo-00311-00079874-00080066 what's going on in in our new sections
AFDqpSFYJVo-00312-00080067-00080153 so that
AFDqpSFYJVo-00313-00080154-00080407 number one number two is we have what
AFDqpSFYJVo-00314-00080408-00080834 are called our video lectures so instead
AFDqpSFYJVo-00315-00080835-00081043 of you know just telling you to read a
AFDqpSFYJVo-00316-00081044-00081262 chapter in a book I have gone through
AFDqpSFYJVo-00317-00081263-00081599 and I have done a ton of videos for you
AFDqpSFYJVo-00318-00081600-00081812 to watch of me standing in front of a
AFDqpSFYJVo-00319-00081813-00081992 light board so let's go ahead and watch
AFDqpSFYJVo-00320-00081993-00082298 that real quick so if I click on this
AFDqpSFYJVo-00321-00082299-00082624 intro statistics it takes me to this
AFDqpSFYJVo-00322-00082625-00082811 assignment and I'm going to say start
AFDqpSFYJVo-00323-00082812-00083272 assessment and I'm going to click play
AFDqpSFYJVo-00324-00083273-00083666 and when I do so these are links to my
AFDqpSFYJVo-00325-00083667-00084161 YouTube channel and if we go long what
AFDqpSFYJVo-00326-00084162-00084491 it is is this is a lightboard and so you
AFDqpSFYJVo-00327-00084492-00084959 will see these all have things questions
AFDqpSFYJVo-00328-00084960-00085385 written up and anyhow so I build these
AFDqpSFYJVo-00329-00085386-00085628 whole things this is our light board
AFDqpSFYJVo-00330-00085629-00085807 lectures and most of these videos are
AFDqpSFYJVo-00331-00085808-00086261 somewhere between five to it kind of
AFDqpSFYJVo-00332-00086262-00086423 maxes out at like 20 minutes because
AFDqpSFYJVo-00333-00086424-00086723 they're they get boring after too much
AFDqpSFYJVo-00334-00086724-00087134 time but at the end of each of these let
AFDqpSFYJVo-00335-00087135-00087532 me fast-forward a little bit at the end
AFDqpSFYJVo-00336-00087533-00087728 of each of these you have a question so
AFDqpSFYJVo-00337-00087729-00087862 you'll have to be paying attention to
AFDqpSFYJVo-00338-00087863-00088109 the video you'll answer the questions or
AFDqpSFYJVo-00339-00088110-00088318 sometimes you have to you know click on
AFDqpSFYJVo-00340-00088319-00089050 multiple things and once we do that once
AFDqpSFYJVo-00341-00089051-00089180 you answer this guy and I'm gonna say
AFDqpSFYJVo-00342-00089181-00089411 submit this question oh you see so I got
AFDqpSFYJVo-00343-00089412-00089615 this one wrong I could go back and try
AFDqpSFYJVo-00344-00089616-00089891 it again or if maybe I just made a prop
AFDqpSFYJVo-00345-00089892-00090268 eight kind of a if I just made a mistake
AFDqpSFYJVo-00346-00090269-00090503 you can go through and click on another
AFDqpSFYJVo-00347-00090504-00090773 one so this one is numerical summary and
AFDqpSFYJVo-00348-00090774-00091034 graphics fell under which subdivision of
AFDqpSFYJVo-00349-00091035-00091349 statistics and unknown let's just kind
AFDqpSFYJVo-00350-00091350-00092015 of analyze so I click Submit now and now
AFDqpSFYJVo-00351-00092016-00092261 I've got a whole point out of that now
AFDqpSFYJVo-00352-00092262-00092816 I'm going to go back to a class and when
AFDqpSFYJVo-00353-00092817-00092984 I finished this one if you notice this
AFDqpSFYJVo-00354-00092985-00093146 one had been grayed out and now it's
AFDqpSFYJVo-00355-00093147-00093376 available so what this is is it means
AFDqpSFYJVo-00356-00093377-00093545 that you need to go through and walk
AFDqpSFYJVo-00357-00093546-00093749 and answer a question on each of those
AFDqpSFYJVo-00358-00093750-00094085 videos before the next one opens up and
AFDqpSFYJVo-00359-00094086-00094202 you can see down here what the
AFDqpSFYJVo-00360-00094203-00094343 prerequisite is it says a hundred
AFDqpSFYJVo-00361-00094344-00094526 percent on data types so I need to get
AFDqpSFYJVo-00362-00094527-00094910 100% on this one before I move along on
AFDqpSFYJVo-00363-00094911-00095198 down so you've got to watch these videos
AFDqpSFYJVo-00364-00095199-00095621 and once you watch these videos if you
AFDqpSFYJVo-00365-00095622-00095972 go to the section coursework once again
AFDqpSFYJVo-00366-00095973-00096182 these are our assignments so these are
AFDqpSFYJVo-00367-00096183-00096485 benchmarks and our guides so the guides
AFDqpSFYJVo-00368-00096486-00096725 are going to show you like exactly how
AFDqpSFYJVo-00369-00096726-00097046 to use the software in order to do our
AFDqpSFYJVo-00370-00097047-00097340 class the benchmarks a lot of times they
AFDqpSFYJVo-00371-00097341-00097562 are either just practicing those skills
AFDqpSFYJVo-00372-00097563-00097883 or dealing with just basic concepts like
AFDqpSFYJVo-00373-00097884-00098222 vocab and some just other simple
AFDqpSFYJVo-00374-00098223-00098471 conceptual ideas but if you notice you
AFDqpSFYJVo-00375-00098472-00098657 can't do any of these and tell you watch
AFDqpSFYJVo-00376-00098658-00098819 the right videos I want to make sure
AFDqpSFYJVo-00377-00098820-00098960 that if you actually have gotten the
AFDqpSFYJVo-00378-00098961-00099107 material before you start to blow
AFDqpSFYJVo-00379-00099108-00099350 through the assignments so here on the
AFDqpSFYJVo-00380-00099351-00099521 benchmark four types of data you have to
AFDqpSFYJVo-00381-00099522-00099818 get a hundred percent on data types if
AFDqpSFYJVo-00382-00099819-00099986 you look up here those are next video
AFDqpSFYJVo-00383-00099987-00100181 that we'd have to go through so anyhow
AFDqpSFYJVo-00384-00100182-00100367 everything is kind of hinging on these
AFDqpSFYJVo-00385-00100368-00100562 videos so you watch through these video
AFDqpSFYJVo-00386-00100563-00100877 lectures and then you do your course
AFDqpSFYJVo-00387-00100878-00101183 works and then basically at the end of
AFDqpSFYJVo-00388-00101184-00101450 your section you will have what are
AFDqpSFYJVo-00389-00101451-00101852 called certificates open up and the only
AFDqpSFYJVo-00390-00101853-00102005 thing that you're missing here is what
AFDqpSFYJVo-00391-00102006-00102176 is a password you can click on this
AFDqpSFYJVo-00392-00102177-00102317 thing but you can't get in until you
AFDqpSFYJVo-00393-00102318-00102539 have a password the password pops up
AFDqpSFYJVo-00394-00102540-00102893 usually after about oh you know two days
AFDqpSFYJVo-00395-00102894-00103183 three days so it'll should pop up either
AFDqpSFYJVo-00396-00103184-00103376 on Tuesday or Wednesday so that you can
AFDqpSFYJVo-00397-00103377-00103510 get in and do the certificates and
AFDqpSFYJVo-00398-00103511-00103673 remember these are just the reflect the
AFDqpSFYJVo-00399-00103674-00103832 section reviews to make sure that you
AFDqpSFYJVo-00400-00103833-00104228 actually know what's happening in the
AFDqpSFYJVo-00401-00104229-00104351 section it's basically just trying to
AFDqpSFYJVo-00402-00104352-00104533 make sure that you know and you can
AFDqpSFYJVo-00403-00104534-00104738 prove to yourself that you know the
AFDqpSFYJVo-00404-00104739-00104897 correct material from the section if you
AFDqpSFYJVo-00405-00104898-00105050 really struggle on the certificates you
AFDqpSFYJVo-00406-00105051-00105344 should probably contact me through zoom
AFDqpSFYJVo-00407-00105345-00105653 or email so that I can help you out I'm
AFDqpSFYJVo-00408-00105654-00105916 figuring out what you actually should be
AFDqpSFYJVo-00409-00105917-00106364 working on to master those skills once
AFDqpSFYJVo-00410-00106365-00106745 you have gotten through the certificate
AFDqpSFYJVo-00411-00106746-00106889 then you're
AFDqpSFYJVo-00412-00106890-00107560 want to be ready to move on to the next
AFDqpSFYJVo-00413-00107561-00107642 section
AFDqpSFYJVo-00414-00107643-00107860 data summarization and it does the whole
AFDqpSFYJVo-00415-00107861-00108206 thing yet again where it has our
AFDqpSFYJVo-00416-00108207-00108494 material coursework and certificates and
AFDqpSFYJVo-00417-00108495-00108736 the rough overview of what we're trying
AFDqpSFYJVo-00418-00108738-00109097 to do and on again so breaks it down
AFDqpSFYJVo-00419-00109098-00109340 usually it's two or three sections per
AFDqpSFYJVo-00420-00109341-00109739 core and then once we get to core - we
AFDqpSFYJVo-00421-00109740-00110120 have a midterm exam and I will post
AFDqpSFYJVo-00422-00110121-00110393 dates on those it's roughly gonna be
AFDqpSFYJVo-00423-00110394-00110618 midway through the through the semester
AFDqpSFYJVo-00424-00110619-00110825 and then once we get through a midterm
AFDqpSFYJVo-00425-00110826-00111104 you will be able to see your core 3 and
AFDqpSFYJVo-00426-00111105-00111446 core 4 but that's kind of how the class
AFDqpSFYJVo-00427-00111447-00111847 is structured what you're supposed to do
AFDqpSFYJVo-00428-00111848-00112111 myopenmath is very handy too because we
AFDqpSFYJVo-00429-00112113-00112472 have the gradebook so you can click on
AFDqpSFYJVo-00430-00112473-00112697 the gradebook I have an invalid student
AFDqpSFYJVo-00431-00112698-00112958 ID but when you're in the gradebook you
AFDqpSFYJVo-00432-00112958-00113225 can actually see how you're doing alive
AFDqpSFYJVo-00433-00113226-00113396 so as soon as you do any of your
AFDqpSFYJVo-00434-00113397-00113584 assignments you'll be able to see your
AFDqpSFYJVo-00435-00113585-00114136 grade now sometimes the the grades will
AFDqpSFYJVo-00436-00114138-00114281 be grading things that are like
AFDqpSFYJVo-00437-00114282-00114569 available but haven't been graded yet so
AFDqpSFYJVo-00438-00114570-00114701 you'll have to kind of take that into
AFDqpSFYJVo-00439-00114702-00114989 account and also there are times where I
AFDqpSFYJVo-00440-00114990-00115154 will need to go in and manually grade
AFDqpSFYJVo-00441-00115155-00115304 things and so your grading it might not
AFDqpSFYJVo-00442-00115305-00115459 be perfect as soon as you hit submit
AFDqpSFYJVo-00443-00115460-00115616 because I got to go through and grade at
AFDqpSFYJVo-00444-00115617-00115907 first but kind of in a nutshell that is
AFDqpSFYJVo-00445-00115908-00116105 our class I'm excited to have you here
AFDqpSFYJVo-00446-00116106-00116476 and good luck on getting things started
AFDqpSFYJVo-00447-00116477-00116870 for this semester
AHivsbeoxVc-00000-00001537-00001957 okay now it's time for questions so if
AHivsbeoxVc-00001-00001959-00002174 you wanna add anything else and if not
AHivsbeoxVc-00002-00002175-00002365 the floor is yours
AHivsbeoxVc-00003-00002366-00003542 and we have the micro if you don't have
AHivsbeoxVc-00004-00003543-00003896 any questions by now because I guess the
AHivsbeoxVc-00005-00003897-00004481 question who will be coming maybe one
AHivsbeoxVc-00006-00004482-00004616 question for the three of our speakers
AHivsbeoxVc-00007-00004617-00004943 and because the three of you have been
AHivsbeoxVc-00008-00004944-00005177 doing connections between nowadays and
AHivsbeoxVc-00009-00005178-00005707 and 68 and so a question for the three
AHivsbeoxVc-00010-00005708-00006079 of you in in what extent and nowadays
AHivsbeoxVc-00011-00006080-00006454 protests let's say your countries are
AHivsbeoxVc-00012-00006455-00006870 based or let's say inspired in the 1968
AHivsbeoxVc-00013-00006872-00007142 demonstrations and demands and the
AHivsbeoxVc-00014-00007143-00007573 programs of that time you want to start
AHivsbeoxVc-00015-00007575-00008515 Mary okay again very interesting
AHivsbeoxVc-00016-00008516-00008884 situation in Croatia right now because
AHivsbeoxVc-00017-00008885-00009206 protests in 1968 in you in Yugoslavia
AHivsbeoxVc-00018-00009207-00009737 were pro Yugoslav protests they were pro
AHivsbeoxVc-00019-00009738-00010031 socialist protests and the three years
AHivsbeoxVc-00020-00010032-00010453 later in Croatia in Zagreb University
AHivsbeoxVc-00021-00010454-00010939 protests for Croatia and so let's say
AHivsbeoxVc-00022-00010940-00011827 very national okay so protests United 71
AHivsbeoxVc-00023-00011828-00012101 student protests in 1971 in Zagreb
AHivsbeoxVc-00024-00012102-00012473 University they were protest for I will
AHivsbeoxVc-00025-00012474-00012860 try to maybe simplify for independent
AHivsbeoxVc-00026-00012861-00013264 Croatia and not so Yugoslav and not so
AHivsbeoxVc-00027-00013265-00013630 socialist and in 90s when Yugoslavia
AHivsbeoxVc-00028-00013631-00014158 broke up those guys from 68 they were
AHivsbeoxVc-00029-00014159-00014584 Yugoslavs so they were enemies and those
AHivsbeoxVc-00030-00014585-00014861 guys from 1971 they were
AHivsbeoxVc-00031-00014862-00015328 real creations so in this moment in in
AHivsbeoxVc-00032-00015329-00015708 Croatia there are no discussions or
AHivsbeoxVc-00033-00015709-00016172 anniversaries of official of 1968 there
AHivsbeoxVc-00034-00016172-00016511 are some roundtables where I am
AHivsbeoxVc-00035-00016512-00016758 participating in some my colleagues but
AHivsbeoxVc-00036-00016759-00017053 1971 student protests they are the key
AHivsbeoxVc-00037-00017054-00017513 moment for for protesters so that is the
AHivsbeoxVc-00038-00017514-00017764 the huge this is the difference and
AHivsbeoxVc-00039-00017765-00018215 there's a reason why 68 today in in
AHivsbeoxVc-00040-00018216-00018740 Croatia is not only not well known but
AHivsbeoxVc-00041-00018741-00019639 it is let's say antic creation it's in a
AHivsbeoxVc-00042-00019640-00020059 way it when you ask people they say oh
AHivsbeoxVc-00043-00020060-00020846 it was pro Yugoslavs yes I think one of
AHivsbeoxVc-00044-00020847-00021211 the major differences is there was a
AHivsbeoxVc-00045-00021212-00021437 very clear enemy then in case of Spain
AHivsbeoxVc-00046-00021438-00021677 which was Franco and that unites
AHivsbeoxVc-00047-00021678-00021992 different forces and different people
AHivsbeoxVc-00048-00021993-00022258 from very different backgrounds and
AHivsbeoxVc-00049-00022259-00022478 perhaps today the other difference I
AHivsbeoxVc-00050-00022479-00022705 find of course of the new technologies
AHivsbeoxVc-00051-00022706-00023134 there everything was presential students
AHivsbeoxVc-00052-00023135-00023272 went to the universities even if they
AHivsbeoxVc-00053-00023273-00023492 were closed and the police were there
AHivsbeoxVc-00054-00023493-00023680 and what we call the greys but the
AHivsbeoxVc-00055-00023681-00023792 secret police were also in the
AHivsbeoxVc-00056-00023793-00023990 classrooms but despite that the
AHivsbeoxVc-00057-00023991-00024268 clandestine ways of informing one
AHivsbeoxVc-00058-00024269-00024706 another worked so I think that's a major
AHivsbeoxVc-00059-00024707-00024859 difference the ways of communicating
AHivsbeoxVc-00060-00024860-00025136 about proces and sites approaches I
AHivsbeoxVc-00061-00025137-00025399 think that's it well there the social
AHivsbeoxVc-00062-00025400-00025678 media today is totally different and I
AHivsbeoxVc-00063-00025679-00025990 think that leads to new forms of social
AHivsbeoxVc-00064-00025991-00026230 movements of how people actually
AHivsbeoxVc-00065-00026231-00026512 exercise protest I think that's one one
AHivsbeoxVc-00066-00026513-00026962 major a second major one the the first
AHivsbeoxVc-00067-00026963-00027133 one I mentioned is that everything was
AHivsbeoxVc-00068-00027134-00027485 very clear then the fight against Franco
AHivsbeoxVc-00069-00027486-00027727 it was also very clear I think by the
AHivsbeoxVc-00070-00027728-00028102 young generation of students that we
AHivsbeoxVc-00071-00028103-00028202 could change the world
AHivsbeoxVc-00072-00028202-00028333 the word could be changed and that it
AHivsbeoxVc-00073-00028335-00028529 was very important the involvement of
AHivsbeoxVc-00074-00028530-00029036 every person in it and the collective
AHivsbeoxVc-00075-00029037-00029261 identity was extremely strong now we're
AHivsbeoxVc-00076-00029262-00029414 in a society which is based on the
AHivsbeoxVc-00077-00029414-00029813 individual individual interests so the
AHivsbeoxVc-00078-00029814-00029969 creation of a collective identity a
AHivsbeoxVc-00079-00029970-00030185 collective protests of identifying with
AHivsbeoxVc-00080-00030186-00030452 others I think that is another
AHivsbeoxVc-00081-00030452-00030776 difference it will come about eventually
AHivsbeoxVc-00082-00030777-00031252 but that notion of collective protests I
AHivsbeoxVc-00083-00031254-00031523 think was very entrenched in the
AHivsbeoxVc-00084-00031524-00031765 mentality at the time not just by
AHivsbeoxVc-00085-00031766-00031979 younger students but in general the
AHivsbeoxVc-00086-00031980-00032152 whole idea of social movements was based
AHivsbeoxVc-00087-00032154-00032705 on on that I think so yes and student
AHivsbeoxVc-00088-00032706-00032942 movements today well they're they're
AHivsbeoxVc-00089-00032943-00033284 very I would say quite fragmented if we
AHivsbeoxVc-00090-00033285-00033415 speak about Catalonia it would be one
AHivsbeoxVc-00091-00033416-00033572 thing we speak about other parts of
AHivsbeoxVc-00092-00033573-00033746 Spain and their land and a lot had to do
AHivsbeoxVc-00093-00033747-00034001 I'm thinking back for example the
AHivsbeoxVc-00094-00034002-00034256 introduction of Bologna the Bologna
AHivsbeoxVc-00095-00034257-00034511 model that did bring about a lot of
AHivsbeoxVc-00096-00034512-00034826 students protests but props in a way
AHivsbeoxVc-00097-00034827-00035071 that you mentioned earlier the process
AHivsbeoxVc-00098-00035072-00035321 had to do with the university at the
AHivsbeoxVc-00099-00035322-00035564 time not with society but but maybe to
AHivsbeoxVc-00100-00035565-00035759 some extent with the educational system
AHivsbeoxVc-00101-00035760-00036238 but they they were in in 1668 70s
AHivsbeoxVc-00102-00036239-00036500 everything was immediately linked to
AHivsbeoxVc-00103-00036501-00036796 whole of society and values and change
AHivsbeoxVc-00104-00036797-00037127 and then of course today in in Catalonia
AHivsbeoxVc-00105-00037128-00037276 is quite different it's another
AHivsbeoxVc-00106-00037277-00037544 collective action or another well I
AHivsbeoxVc-00107-00037545-00037832 gender obviously you know so yeah there
AHivsbeoxVc-00108-00037833-00038045 are change but I and the world has
AHivsbeoxVc-00109-00038046-00038435 changed from 68 to today I think that
AHivsbeoxVc-00110-00038436-00038923 makes
AHivsbeoxVc-00111-00038924-00039379 - sorry when I'm comparing memories of
AHivsbeoxVc-00112-00039380-00039658 students in 1968 and when I am looking
AHivsbeoxVc-00113-00039659-00040090 and speaking with my students today I so
AHivsbeoxVc-00114-00040091-00040457 it today it's free democratic society in
AHivsbeoxVc-00115-00040458-00040783 Croatia and that was let's say one it
AHivsbeoxVc-00116-00040784-00041005 was a one-party dictatorship and so on
AHivsbeoxVc-00117-00041006-00041351 but students young people then it seems
AHivsbeoxVc-00118-00041352-00041590 to me they were more optimistic and
AHivsbeoxVc-00119-00041591-00041917 enthusiastic than those today
AHivsbeoxVc-00120-00041918-00042471 my students are so passive so let's say
AHivsbeoxVc-00121-00042472-00042826 they don't want to go somewhere to to
AHivsbeoxVc-00122-00042827-00043027 protest it's you know maybe it is
AHivsbeoxVc-00123-00043028-00043486 because there is no clear enemy so then
AHivsbeoxVc-00124-00043487-00043770 it was and right now I think it's it's
AHivsbeoxVc-00125-00043771-00043993 everything is positive and there is
AHivsbeoxVc-00126-00043994-00044392 another thing it was forbidden then now
AHivsbeoxVc-00127-00044393-00044593 nothing is forbidden you can go and say
AHivsbeoxVc-00128-00044594-00044960 Oh president is stupid so what but then
AHivsbeoxVc-00129-00044961-00045331 it was maybe some motivation to go into
AHivsbeoxVc-00130-00045332-00046219 protest ok so there are there is many
AHivsbeoxVc-00131-00046220-00046507 similarities so many similarities
AHivsbeoxVc-00132-00046508-00046783 ok despite the very fact that there is
AHivsbeoxVc-00133-00046784-00047035 no more communist dictatorship in Poland
AHivsbeoxVc-00134-00047036-00047260 so perhaps those similarities are not
AHivsbeoxVc-00135-00047261-00047569 that important because there is no more
AHivsbeoxVc-00136-00047570-00048025 income and party to to revolt against
AHivsbeoxVc-00137-00048026-00048379 and we go freedom of press freedom of
AHivsbeoxVc-00138-00048380-00048808 speech we got still democracy all beetus
AHivsbeoxVc-00139-00048809-00049001 some claim
AHivsbeoxVc-00140-00049002-00049426 some claim somehow in the internet but
AHivsbeoxVc-00141-00049427-00050018 the similarities makes there are jokes
AHivsbeoxVc-00142-00050019-00050458 that to commemorate 1960 15th
AHivsbeoxVc-00143-00050459-00050780 anniversary of 1968 in Poland Polish
AHivsbeoxVc-00144-00050781-00051257 authorities decided to stage a
AHivsbeoxVc-00145-00051258-00051601 reenactment of 1968 crisis in Poland
AHivsbeoxVc-00146-00051602-00051895 these days and to some extent it's it's
AHivsbeoxVc-00147-00051896-00052223 true I can explain briefly why because
AHivsbeoxVc-00148-00052224-00052559 you know there are there is many there
AHivsbeoxVc-00149-00052560-00052763 are many angles angles to that and there
AHivsbeoxVc-00150-00052764-00053213 are many factories that that creates
AHivsbeoxVc-00151-00053214-00053513 those similarities first of all the
AHivsbeoxVc-00152-00053514-00054059 generation of 1968 mm rebels the the
AHivsbeoxVc-00153-00054060-00054316 generation of 1968 I was talking about
AHivsbeoxVc-00154-00054316-00054616 then became the very important
AHivsbeoxVc-00155-00054617-00054836 generation of Polish dissident movement
AHivsbeoxVc-00156-00054837-00055230 and then the day
AHivsbeoxVc-00157-00055232-00055504 consists constitute two it constitute
AHivsbeoxVc-00158-00055505-00055823 the important part of political elites
AHivsbeoxVc-00159-00055824-00056204 in Poland after 1989 and they got its
AHivsbeoxVc-00160-00056204-00056554 own grudges with current elites of
AHivsbeoxVc-00161-00056554-00056924 ruling law n° justif law and justice
AHivsbeoxVc-00162-00056925-00057179 because the generation 1968 war were
AHivsbeoxVc-00163-00057179-00057529 mostly leftist so they they were not
AHivsbeoxVc-00164-00057530-00058004 like they were detested by the right
AHivsbeoxVc-00165-00058004-00058391 polish wing right wing polish parties so
AHivsbeoxVc-00166-00058391-00058727 the and probably some of you heard some
AHivsbeoxVc-00167-00058728-00059102 of you not in 2015 in in Poland in
AHivsbeoxVc-00168-00059103-00059329 parliamentary election a parliamentary
AHivsbeoxVc-00169-00059330-00059629 election was won by law and justice the
AHivsbeoxVc-00170-00059630-00059990 nationalist conservative right is named
AHivsbeoxVc-00171-00059991-00060421 nationalist conservative party which
AHivsbeoxVc-00172-00060422-00060824 started started instantly to further the
AHivsbeoxVc-00173-00060825-00061191 kind of national revolution in Poland
AHivsbeoxVc-00174-00061192-00061976 mostly focused on changing the politics
AHivsbeoxVc-00175-00061977-00062354 of memory they a lot of attention to
AHivsbeoxVc-00176-00062354-00062576 politics of memory law and justice so
AHivsbeoxVc-00177-00062577-00062903 this they put much emphasis on on this
AHivsbeoxVc-00178-00062904-00063407 aspect of of their agenda they
AHivsbeoxVc-00179-00063408-00063635 prioritized it in their agenda the
AHivsbeoxVc-00180-00063636-00063983 issues of history as as general which
AHivsbeoxVc-00181-00063984-00064184 put them on the collision course with
AHivsbeoxVc-00182-00064185-00064460 Israel and with United States because of
AHivsbeoxVc-00183-00064461-00064727 very controversial law controversial
AHivsbeoxVc-00184-00064728-00065228 though forbidding to mention Polish
AHivsbeoxVc-00185-00065229-00065698 scenes during the Holocaust which was
AHivsbeoxVc-00186-00065699-00066008 dead ringer of what happened in 1968
AHivsbeoxVc-00187-00066009-00066362 this is what I was talking about the
AHivsbeoxVc-00188-00066363-00066662 enemy of the foe the picture of the
AHivsbeoxVc-00189-00066663-00067109 enemy in 1968 consisted mostly of this
AHivsbeoxVc-00190-00067110-00067520 figure of people detesting Polish
AHivsbeoxVc-00191-00067521-00067852 history so once again Polish government
AHivsbeoxVc-00192-00067853-00068114 denounced people detesting Polish
AHivsbeoxVc-00193-00068115-00068348 history because it was denouncing Polish
AHivsbeoxVc-00194-00068349-00068477 historian speak
AHivsbeoxVc-00195-00068478-00068723 think about some kind of Polish
AHivsbeoxVc-00196-00068724-00069070 involvement in in Holocaust or
AHivsbeoxVc-00197-00069071-00069791 involvement of some poles so it mean it
AHivsbeoxVc-00198-00069792-00070447 happened that those the conflict of 1968
AHivsbeoxVc-00199-00070448-00070931 reverberated once again in in in Polish
AHivsbeoxVc-00200-00070932-00071255 society because the current agenda of
AHivsbeoxVc-00201-00071256-00071843 Polish government triggered upset of
AHivsbeoxVc-00202-00071844-00072289 anti-semitism in Polish society against
AHivsbeoxVc-00203-00072290-00072929 Jewish historians who falsify Polish
AHivsbeoxVc-00204-00072930-00073601 history who who tell lies about Polish
AHivsbeoxVc-00205-00073602-00073781 history and so on these are those
AHivsbeoxVc-00206-00073782-00073955 phrases obviously there are quotations
AHivsbeoxVc-00207-00073956-00074489 here in my mouth and on the other hand
AHivsbeoxVc-00208-00074490-00074732 there is the similarity of struggle
AHivsbeoxVc-00209-00074733-00075008 between generation of 1968 and the
AHivsbeoxVc-00210-00075009-00075248 government who is furthering the
AHivsbeoxVc-00211-00075249-00075485 nationalist agenda these are the very
AHivsbeoxVc-00212-00075486-00075757 it's how it's hard to explain clearly
AHivsbeoxVc-00213-00075758-00076016 for people who doesn't live in Poland
AHivsbeoxVc-00214-00076017-00076310 but in from a Polish perspective the
AHivsbeoxVc-00215-00076311-00076571 similarities of propaganda language of
AHivsbeoxVc-00216-00076572-00076802 press articles mostly of the press that
AHivsbeoxVc-00217-00076803-00077222 are supporting government and right-wing
AHivsbeoxVc-00218-00077223-00077501 parties there are really striking
AHivsbeoxVc-00219-00077502-00077780 sometimes it's like you cannot tell the
AHivsbeoxVc-00220-00077781-00077945 difference between the articles from
AHivsbeoxVc-00221-00077946-00078227 1968 and the contemporary article from
AHivsbeoxVc-00222-00078228-00078491 Polish press and there are obviously
AHivsbeoxVc-00223-00078492-00078710 difference is very important there is no
AHivsbeoxVc-00224-00078711-00079049 student movement political student
AHivsbeoxVc-00225-00079050-00079241 movement in Poland these days and there
AHivsbeoxVc-00226-00079242-00079487 is no students and youth revolt in in
AHivsbeoxVc-00227-00079488-00079850 Poland these days and if you are
AHivsbeoxVc-00228-00079851-00080066 politically organized they mostly
AHivsbeoxVc-00229-00080067-00080453 support ruling party and it's very sad
AHivsbeoxVc-00230-00080454-00080780 to say but we witness a great surge of
AHivsbeoxVc-00231-00080781-00081110 new fascist movement in Poland mostly
AHivsbeoxVc-00232-00081111-00081545 consisted of young people little also
AHivsbeoxVc-00233-00081546-00081824 students unfortunately yeah
AHivsbeoxVc-00234-00081825-00082082 are very influential at the universities
AHivsbeoxVc-00235-00082083-00082331 the so-called national radical camp it's
AHivsbeoxVc-00236-00082332-00082627 a pre-war polish organization strictly
AHivsbeoxVc-00237-00082628-00083216 fascist which enliven its its revival
AHivsbeoxVc-00238-00083217-00083669 these days and and many people young
AHivsbeoxVc-00239-00083670-00083987 people join their ranks and also from
AHivsbeoxVc-00240-00083988-00085232 university also students preguntan have
AHivsbeoxVc-00241-00085233-00085400 a park you pochamma the rapper can just
AHivsbeoxVc-00242-00085401-00085520 press on one lesson per the real
AHivsbeoxVc-00243-00085521-00085837 impervium khatallah you're known ten
AHivsbeoxVc-00244-00085838-00086000 amicus movements que esta pasando
AHivsbeoxVc-00245-00086001-00086576 Colonia Lachesis your last door national
AHivsbeoxVc-00246-00086577-00086843 career and contrada Kester ladies y el
AHivsbeoxVc-00247-00086844-00087149 gouna alguna costa rica cannot support
AHivsbeoxVc-00248-00087150-00087587 al strenght a split key que pasa Polonia
AHivsbeoxVc-00249-00087588-00087830 cannibal and refugee at is una being
AHivsbeoxVc-00250-00087831-00087986 cooler sewell anti-semitism along
AHivsbeoxVc-00251-00087987-00088241 comrade Pawlenty's la misma he kept a
AHivsbeoxVc-00252-00088242-00088406 thermal strains de las llaves por que yo
AHivsbeoxVc-00253-00088407-00088931 record o allah europea quan bang come on
AHivsbeoxVc-00254-00088932-00089210 Sandra al speakers all spices Dallas las
AHivsbeoxVc-00255-00089211-00089426 darkness Esteban ado cada zabian trauma
AHivsbeoxVc-00256-00089427-00089672 yeah Danny annals ninja las guardias he
AHivsbeoxVc-00257-00089673-00089903 one coupon estas positions importance
AHivsbeoxVc-00258-00089904-00090143 kilala Rwanda Dallas Oh Lopez espana par
AHivsbeoxVc-00259-00090144-00090344 exemple Aaron's MD scooted / kcroone
AHivsbeoxVc-00260-00090345-00090626 owner una Donna kiss us t - ÿà al
AHivsbeoxVc-00261-00090627-00090995 Minister Netanyahu no hace las
AHivsbeoxVc-00262-00090996-00091244 polonaises Lilith ultras Esteban proper
AHivsbeoxVc-00263-00091245-00091520 hasta que pasa okay fellas darkness of
AHivsbeoxVc-00264-00091521-00091741 Colonia el siguiente % de la población
AHivsbeoxVc-00265-00091742-00092081 contracted regime castle to reach castle
AHivsbeoxVc-00266-00092082-00092407 to success possible to deter a suitor
AHivsbeoxVc-00267-00092408-00092612 North Korea Perot chemist podium faker
AHivsbeoxVc-00268-00092613-00092816 como esta el que su diversity case
AHivsbeoxVc-00269-00092817-00092882 professor
AHivsbeoxVc-00270-00092883-00093182 Kansas Ricky Chancellor's monte discuss
AHivsbeoxVc-00271-00093183-00093422 political operator esta pasando Polonia
AHivsbeoxVc-00272-00093423-00094031 he sees paparazzo
AHivsbeoxVc-00273-00094032-00094413 okay I can try but I don't understand
AHivsbeoxVc-00274-00094414-00094636 truly speaking as well so there are two
AHivsbeoxVc-00275-00094637-00095007 of us mmm and I don't want to disappoint
AHivsbeoxVc-00276-00095008-00095278 you but obviously we should first of all
AHivsbeoxVc-00277-00095279-00095616 we should bear in mind that there are
AHivsbeoxVc-00278-00095617-00096338 many factors involved and it's going
AHivsbeoxVc-00279-00096339-00096634 coincidence of many phenomena many
AHivsbeoxVc-00280-00096635-00096829 processes at the same time the women
AHivsbeoxVc-00281-00096830-00097117 protests against the new law obviously
AHivsbeoxVc-00282-00097118-00097332 it's a part of current political
AHivsbeoxVc-00283-00097333-00097625 conflict within Polish society because
AHivsbeoxVc-00284-00097626-00097873 Lauren Justice ruling low injustice
AHivsbeoxVc-00285-00097874-00098193 somehow probably to cozy up to Catholic
AHivsbeoxVc-00286-00098194-00098497 Church death dirt the new they proposed
AHivsbeoxVc-00287-00098498-00098961 the new draconic very harsh and abortion
AHivsbeoxVc-00288-00098962-00099201 law next to Saudi Arabia actually
AHivsbeoxVc-00289-00099202-00099411 something like that it's it's incredibly
AHivsbeoxVc-00290-00099412-00099774 hard and it's triggered women to oppose
AHivsbeoxVc-00291-00099775-00100255 even the the even women who didn't
AHivsbeoxVc-00292-00100256-00100805 actually sympathized with left or with
AHivsbeoxVc-00293-00100806-00101098 feminist movement simply the the the
AHivsbeoxVc-00294-00101099-00101505 level of outrage was so great that that
AHivsbeoxVc-00295-00101506-00101976 it triggered demonstration and it United
AHivsbeoxVc-00296-00101977-00102168 women and didn't added pulse actually
AHivsbeoxVc-00297-00102169-00102440 because also men took part in those
AHivsbeoxVc-00298-00102441-00103027 demonstrations personally I didn't take
AHivsbeoxVc-00299-00103028-00103297 because I had to take care of kids while
AHivsbeoxVc-00300-00103298-00103747 my wife went there so but but people
AHivsbeoxVc-00301-00103748-00104098 were united against this new law because
AHivsbeoxVc-00302-00104099-00104377 it was really draconic and and
AHivsbeoxVc-00303-00104378-00104599 humanitarian deeply and human in
AHivsbeoxVc-00304-00104600-00104995 humanitarian mmm and on the other hand
AHivsbeoxVc-00305-00104996-00105414 we have got this revival of political
AHivsbeoxVc-00306-00105415-00105702 trends from the thirties which are
AHivsbeoxVc-00307-00105703-00105922 somehow connected obviously to
AHivsbeoxVc-00308-00105923-00106209 nationalist stands of current government
AHivsbeoxVc-00309-00106210-00106672 nationalist project stands of current
AHivsbeoxVc-00310-00106673-00106941 government it's a it's very similar to
AHivsbeoxVc-00311-00106942-00107123 what was happening any what
AHivsbeoxVc-00312-00107124-00107329 is happening still in Hungary where we
AHivsbeoxVc-00313-00107330-00107783 got right centrist feeders and your beak
AHivsbeoxVc-00314-00107783-00108304 to the very right which is very
AHivsbeoxVc-00315-00108305-00108634 convenient for for urban and for feeders
AHivsbeoxVc-00316-00108635-00109096 to gain people support to present our
AHivsbeoxVc-00317-00109097-00109354 finishes in position to present
AHivsbeoxVc-00318-00109355-00109771 themselves as the only defendant against
AHivsbeoxVc-00319-00109772-00110110 neo fascist movement so law and justice
AHivsbeoxVc-00320-00110111-00110564 sometimes tries to win those support
AHivsbeoxVc-00321-00110565-00110870 from no fascist movement sometimes they
AHivsbeoxVc-00322-00110871-00111140 oppose new fascist movement presenting
AHivsbeoxVc-00323-00111141-00111379 them themselves as and the only boundary
AHivsbeoxVc-00324-00111380-00111689 that that could save country from
AHivsbeoxVc-00325-00111690-00112252 falling into into madness of fascism I
AHivsbeoxVc-00326-00112253-00112652 don't know why they are so popular the
AHivsbeoxVc-00327-00112653-00112879 widenar fascist movement is so pure
AHivsbeoxVc-00328-00112880-00113138 popular but perhaps it didn't existed
AHivsbeoxVc-00329-00113139-00113381 for so many years in Poland that you
AHivsbeoxVc-00330-00113382-00113654 know it's simply the the idea of
AHivsbeoxVc-00331-00113655-00113951 changing social attitudes their idea of
AHivsbeoxVc-00332-00113952-00114293 sinusoid that people sympathize were
AHivsbeoxVc-00333-00114294-00114497 sympathizing with the left listen now
AHivsbeoxVc-00334-00114498-00114974 their support the right and the National
AHivsbeoxVc-00335-00114975-00115541 radical camp offers as it's usually for
AHivsbeoxVc-00336-00115542-00115778 fascist movement offers easy solution
AHivsbeoxVc-00337-00115779-00116254 and know how to harness people's anger
AHivsbeoxVc-00338-00116255-00116633 people's scare people are frustrated
AHivsbeoxVc-00339-00116633-00117014 people are afraid there is an T and
AHivsbeoxVc-00340-00117015-00117224 Islamism in published society very
AHivsbeoxVc-00341-00117225-00117464 strong which is funny because we got no
AHivsbeoxVc-00342-00117465-00117701 Muslims at all so but there is strong
AHivsbeoxVc-00343-00117702-00117970 anti Islamism in Poland I don't know why
AHivsbeoxVc-00344-00117971-00118340 it happened I don't think it came from
AHivsbeoxVc-00345-00118341-00118982 UK because Polish immigration - ok
AHivsbeoxVc-00346-00118983-00119585 they have the head and they still have
AHivsbeoxVc-00347-00119586-00119966 many ties with Poland and they in UK
AHivsbeoxVc-00348-00119967-00120458 became the citizens of the second sort
AHivsbeoxVc-00349-00120458-00120791 so they they it was kind of competition
AHivsbeoxVc-00350-00120792-00121303 with Islam a Muslim society within UK -
AHivsbeoxVc-00351-00121304-00121773 we are worse than native British
AHivsbeoxVc-00352-00121774-00121976 citizens but at least we have to be
AHivsbeoxVc-00353-00121977-00122331 better than those immigrants from the
AHivsbeoxVc-00354-00122332-00122724 Far East so so this is this is probably
AHivsbeoxVc-00355-00122725-00123002 the nadir of anti Islamism that was then
AHivsbeoxVc-00356-00123003-00123321 transferred to Poland and here it found
AHivsbeoxVc-00357-00123322-00123720 I don't know but the fertile ground in
AHivsbeoxVc-00358-00123721-00124028 in Poland I could give a whole lecture
AHivsbeoxVc-00359-00124029-00124419 on this but I don't want to to steal
AHivsbeoxVc-00360-00124420-00124782 your time so I hope I was of some help
AHivsbeoxVc-00361-00124783-00125234 here there Laurel the role of the church
AHivsbeoxVc-00362-00125235-00125499 is always very important in Poland it
AHivsbeoxVc-00363-00125500-00125711 was very important in communist time
AHivsbeoxVc-00364-00125713-00126053 because church served as a kind of as
AHivsbeoxVc-00365-00126054-00126515 Ilham asylum for four people and even
AHivsbeoxVc-00366-00126516-00126854 for dissident movement and
AHivsbeoxVc-00367-00126855-00126993 [Music]
AHivsbeoxVc-00368-00126994-00127356 persecution weren't that strong so they
AHivsbeoxVc-00369-00127357-00127933 rather in trench art then make made it
AHivsbeoxVc-00370-00127933-00128524 weaker and now Church takes advantage of
AHivsbeoxVc-00371-00128525-00128909 its merit in merits in communist time
AHivsbeoxVc-00372-00128910-00129313 and obviously it's the institution by
AHivsbeoxVc-00373-00129314-00129520 itself with kind of totalitarian
AHivsbeoxVc-00374-00129521-00129852 ambition sorry I I need to say that but
AHivsbeoxVc-00375-00129853-00130117 it's somewhere embedded in the very
AHivsbeoxVc-00376-00130118-00130771 nature of the religion to to to gain
AHivsbeoxVc-00377-00130772-00131227 people and to impulse its belief on the
AHivsbeoxVc-00378-00131228-00131602 society with we have got a small part of
AHivsbeoxVc-00379-00131603-00132010 so-called open church which is open for
AHivsbeoxVc-00380-00132011-00132793 dialogue and inclusive not exclusive but
AHivsbeoxVc-00381-00132794-00133101 most of the church is very traditional
AHivsbeoxVc-00382-00133102-00133527 rooted in in the pre-war times with very
AHivsbeoxVc-00383-00133528-00133986 traditional view of the social order of
AHivsbeoxVc-00384-00133987-00134358 men's and women's role obviously against
AHivsbeoxVc-00385-00134359-00135090 gay marriages and the more or less
AHivsbeoxVc-00386-00135091-00135358 strongly is still very strongly
AHivsbeoxVc-00387-00135359-00136606 anti-semitic I'll direct this one to
AHivsbeoxVc-00388-00136607-00136936 Mary Nash because it seemed that you
AHivsbeoxVc-00389-00136937-00137293 were arguing for a more pluralistic view
AHivsbeoxVc-00390-00137294-00137623 of 68 and I was wondering if you could
AHivsbeoxVc-00391-00137624-00137878 talk maybe a little bit about within
AHivsbeoxVc-00392-00137879-00138259 Europe the use of the memory of 68 and
AHivsbeoxVc-00393-00138260-00138523 which countries are then included and
AHivsbeoxVc-00394-00138524-00138639 which are not
AHivsbeoxVc-00395-00138640-00138931 because it seems like a very diverse of
AHivsbeoxVc-00396-00138932-00139204 course a conception of 68 within the
AHivsbeoxVc-00397-00139205-00139450 different countries so I was wondering
AHivsbeoxVc-00398-00139451-00139669 how the European Union is using this
AHivsbeoxVc-00399-00139670-00139984 memory and if it's being used and if you
AHivsbeoxVc-00400-00139985-00140157 see any changes or so in
AHivsbeoxVc-00401-00140158-00140716 use
AHivsbeoxVc-00402-00140717-00140953 the European Union policies on that
AHivsbeoxVc-00403-00140954-00141153 because it's project is is part of that
AHivsbeoxVc-00404-00141154-00141577 right well first of all I think and and
AHivsbeoxVc-00405-00141578-00142069 this is an ongoing position and argument
AHivsbeoxVc-00406-00142070-00142329 for the need to develop a counter
AHivsbeoxVc-00407-00142330-00142624 narrative to a hegemonic narrative in
AHivsbeoxVc-00408-00142625-00142873 Europe and and I think this goes way
AHivsbeoxVc-00409-00142874-00143119 back not just from May 1968 but on
AHivsbeoxVc-00410-00143120-00143296 probably other issues as well
AHivsbeoxVc-00411-00143297-00143593 and in this case I think we're talking
AHivsbeoxVc-00412-00143594-00143863 about power structures of center
AHivsbeoxVc-00413-00143864-00144181 periphery that have not accounted in
AHivsbeoxVc-00414-00144182-00144354 many occasions for example for the
AHivsbeoxVc-00415-00144355-00144610 Mediterranean countries or coming from
AHivsbeoxVc-00416-00144611-00144891 Ireland I speak of that in terms of
AHivsbeoxVc-00417-00144892-00145057 periphery and I think this has been
AHivsbeoxVc-00418-00145058-00145306 extremely fruitful and enriched NAIP
AHivsbeoxVc-00419-00145307-00145561 insightful just to see the differences
AHivsbeoxVc-00420-00145562-00145858 there are but then again the problem is
AHivsbeoxVc-00421-00145859-00146068 or the question will be what can we do
AHivsbeoxVc-00422-00146069-00146232 about it shall we develop another
AHivsbeoxVc-00423-00146233-00146620 European project on the development of
AHivsbeoxVc-00424-00146621-00146896 counter narratives and there I would go
AHivsbeoxVc-00425-00146897-00147298 back to Nancy Fraser and others on the
AHivsbeoxVc-00426-00147299-00147571 politics of recognition and that I think
AHivsbeoxVc-00427-00147572-00147769 is the major problem because we do have
AHivsbeoxVc-00428-00147770-00148053 the studies we do have the publication's
AHivsbeoxVc-00429-00148054-00148341 in different languages if they're not
AHivsbeoxVc-00430-00148342-00148522 published in English then there is not
AHivsbeoxVc-00431-00148523-00148837 my recognition of it and so this this is
AHivsbeoxVc-00432-00148838-00149074 again goes back to power structure
AHivsbeoxVc-00433-00149075-00149278 academic power structures and the
AHivsbeoxVc-00434-00149279-00149461 establishment of canons are even of
AHivsbeoxVc-00435-00149462-00149782 concepts and the conceptualization of
AHivsbeoxVc-00436-00149783-00150226 May of 68 has been in terms of France
AHivsbeoxVc-00437-00150227-00150598 maybe UK and has not taken into
AHivsbeoxVc-00438-00150599-00150727 consideration
AHivsbeoxVc-00439-00150728-00151183 another understanding of it so I don't
AHivsbeoxVc-00440-00151184-00151519 think to my knowledge up to this point
AHivsbeoxVc-00441-00151520-00151704 that there has been a considerable
AHivsbeoxVc-00442-00151705-00152272 effort by the European Union to recreate
AHivsbeoxVc-00443-00152273-00152632 a narrative on May 68 or a narrative on
AHivsbeoxVc-00444-00152633-00152908 European history per se and in that
AHivsbeoxVc-00445-00152909-00153108 sense I always go back to my beloved
AHivsbeoxVc-00446-00153109-00153529 Sayid Edward cite I think that a lot of
AHivsbeoxVc-00447-00153530-00153981 the construction of historical narrative
AHivsbeoxVc-00448-00153982-00154245 has had to do with the other the
AHivsbeoxVc-00449-00154246-00154410 construction of the other in terms of
AHivsbeoxVc-00450-00154411-00154455 the other
AHivsbeoxVc-00451-00154456-00154677 but within Europe I argue not really
AHivsbeoxVc-00452-00154678-00154968 referring to Orientalism and the East or
AHivsbeoxVc-00453-00154969-00155250 to colonial societies but actually
AHivsbeoxVc-00454-00155251-00155553 within Europe itself and I do not feel
AHivsbeoxVc-00455-00155554-00155763 very strongly that we need we need to
AHivsbeoxVc-00456-00155764-00155994 address it and this happens in all areas
AHivsbeoxVc-00457-00155995-00156207 it could happen in terms of women's
AHivsbeoxVc-00458-00156208-00156624 studies or political history or cultural
AHivsbeoxVc-00459-00156625-00156870 history etc and I the the difference now
AHivsbeoxVc-00460-00156871-00156987 is I think that we do have the
AHivsbeoxVc-00461-00156988-00157332 instruments to address that what we need
AHivsbeoxVc-00462-00157333-00157605 probably is political involvement and
AHivsbeoxVc-00463-00157606-00157929 people like Georgie and you really to
AHivsbeoxVc-00464-00157930-00158175 organize projects like this that we give
AHivsbeoxVc-00465-00158176-00158358 a counter narrative but a counter
AHivsbeoxVc-00466-00158359-00158625 narrative that doesn't remain here that
AHivsbeoxVc-00467-00158626-00158877 doesn't remain in the drawer that may be
AHivsbeoxVc-00468-00158878-00159087 published in English but should be
AHivsbeoxVc-00469-00159088-00159318 published in the major publishing houses
AHivsbeoxVc-00470-00159319-00159549 because if it's not there then there
AHivsbeoxVc-00471-00159550-00159870 were not be recognition I don't know
AHivsbeoxVc-00472-00159871-00160272 what is your question but completely
AHivsbeoxVc-00473-00160273-00160599 agree is there any more questions from
AHivsbeoxVc-00474-00160600-00161331 the audience one more I was wondering in
AHivsbeoxVc-00475-00161332-00161679 the Polish situation then because you
AHivsbeoxVc-00476-00161680-00162024 have this linker 68 which does has a
AHivsbeoxVc-00477-00162025-00162372 huge recognition it seems being said
AHivsbeoxVc-00478-00162373-00162675 March and then right away speaking 68
AHivsbeoxVc-00479-00162676-00162960 I was wondering of sort of dissident
AHivsbeoxVc-00480-00162961-00163263 movements now or its stem from that
AHivsbeoxVc-00481-00163264-00163578 movement or movement still experience
AHivsbeoxVc-00482-00163579-00163857 the same anti-semitism because of their
AHivsbeoxVc-00483-00163858-00164180 supposed origin from that movements
AHivsbeoxVc-00484-00164181-00164636 exactly
AHivsbeoxVc-00485-00164637-00165300 I like that sense of strength and yes
AHivsbeoxVc-00486-00165301-00165368 exactly
AHivsbeoxVc-00487-00165369-00165588 sometimes they are still the same people
AHivsbeoxVc-00488-00165589-00165783 so Adam Michnik is still very
AHivsbeoxVc-00489-00165784-00165999 influential person in Poland he's editor
AHivsbeoxVc-00490-00166000-00166326 in chief of the largest Polish daily
AHivsbeoxVc-00491-00166327-00166581 newspaper Gazette at the border which is
AHivsbeoxVc-00492-00166582-00166806 strongly against law and justice and
AHivsbeoxVc-00493-00166807-00167187 obviously they are the ex commandos the
AHivsbeoxVc-00494-00167188-00167406 people who
AHivsbeoxVc-00495-00167407-00167729 belong to the commandoes group I was
AHivsbeoxVc-00496-00167730-00167961 talking about are still under attack
AHivsbeoxVc-00497-00167962-00168237 from government because of their
AHivsbeoxVc-00498-00168238-00168636 political involvement and obviously
AHivsbeoxVc-00499-00168637-00168926 we've reference to the same arguments
AHivsbeoxVc-00500-00168927-00169296 for instance few years ago the book came
AHivsbeoxVc-00501-00169297-00169679 out and titled Minister ministerial
AHivsbeoxVc-00502-00169680-00169964 children and it's hard to to to to to
AHivsbeoxVc-00503-00169965-00170177 translate actually but it was a result
AHivsbeoxVc-00504-00170178-00170438 of AGG ministerial children it was about
AHivsbeoxVc-00505-00170439-00170912 the elite of Poland after nineteen
AHivsbeoxVc-00506-00170913-00171348 nineteen eighty nine that are of the
AHivsbeoxVc-00507-00171349-00171687 type of children of communist officials
AHivsbeoxVc-00508-00171688-00171987 and communist establishment it was more
AHivsbeoxVc-00509-00171988-00172214 or less far-fetched arguments there in
AHivsbeoxVc-00510-00172215-00172659 the book because they otters tried to
AHivsbeoxVc-00511-00172660-00173021 prove their Texas with very far-fetched
AHivsbeoxVc-00512-00173022-00173520 arguments and distorting reality in many
AHivsbeoxVc-00513-00173521-00174033 ways but actually they they use the same
AHivsbeoxVc-00514-00174034-00174300 argument exactly the same arguments that
AHivsbeoxVc-00515-00174301-00174594 were used in 1968 these are children
AHivsbeoxVc-00516-00174595-00174918 from communist Jewish communist families
AHivsbeoxVc-00517-00174919-00175218 and even the same documents by secret
AHivsbeoxVc-00518-00175219-00175557 police were used again after for almost
AHivsbeoxVc-00519-00175558-00175746 fifty years they were the same are the
AHivsbeoxVc-00520-00175747-00175940 same documents the same quotations from
AHivsbeoxVc-00521-00175941-00176204 the same documents about the ethnics
AHivsbeoxVc-00522-00176205-00176627 father or Blum Stein's father or gross
AHivsbeoxVc-00523-00176628-00176931 parent or something like that pointing
AHivsbeoxVc-00524-00176932-00177383 out that these are people that are
AHivsbeoxVc-00525-00177384-00177665 external to Polish nation because they
AHivsbeoxVc-00526-00177666-00178034 are of foreign origin and they never
AHivsbeoxVc-00527-00178035-00178371 could share the same values as true
AHivsbeoxVc-00528-00178372-00178688 original poles so yes the arguments are
AHivsbeoxVc-00529-00178689-00178862 the same and this is the fact that
AHivsbeoxVc-00530-00178863-00179291 obviously
AHivsbeoxVc-00531-00179292-00179574 raises strong response from the polish
AHivsbeoxVc-00532-00179575-00179829 center from polish left from polish
AHivsbeoxVc-00533-00179830-00180135 intellectual media because people
AHivsbeoxVc-00534-00180136-00180426 recognize the so-called March language
AHivsbeoxVc-00535-00180427-00180726 in the quarter it's it's a very noxious
AHivsbeoxVc-00536-00180727-00181335 mixed mixture of nationalism Falls a
AHivsbeoxVc-00537-00181336-00181896 gala tourism and it could people know it
AHivsbeoxVc-00538-00181897-00183902 could end simply in dictatorship by
AHivsbeoxVc-00539-00183903-00184353 McLaren kadala una mika tan parallels in
AHivsbeoxVc-00540-00184354-00184691 your classic comparable Posada Medina
AHivsbeoxVc-00541-00184692-00185055 chakra chica must read multiple Cooper's
AHivsbeoxVc-00542-00185056-00185289 Schiaparelli Pat la patria can a good
AHivsbeoxVc-00543-00185290-00185579 moment muster a Louvre informal Tascosa
AHivsbeoxVc-00544-00185580-00185910 is another commercial career the Mateen
AHivsbeoxVc-00545-00185911-00186413 e hepanza and na Kousaka body as she
AHivsbeoxVc-00546-00186414-00186762 said took a teletig mental note on
AHivsbeoxVc-00547-00186763-00186921 another car below the level of
AHivsbeoxVc-00548-00186922-00187260 precipitous xi already she coulda done
AHivsbeoxVc-00549-00187261-00187611 Elsa Smith on una professor honored
AHivsbeoxVc-00550-00187612-00187995 Americana yet amidst a new moon when do
AHivsbeoxVc-00551-00187996-00188307 not the van a la clase syndrome as
AHivsbeoxVc-00552-00188308-00188547 possible twisted up each other Tata Sky
AHivsbeoxVc-00553-00188548-00188781 ya note incapacity for imagine Allah
AHivsbeoxVc-00554-00188782-00189144 revolution in yoke Rakshasa ramekins
AHivsbeoxVc-00555-00189145-00189198 pasa
AHivsbeoxVc-00556-00189199-00189522 car neoliberalism ah I'm body taught is
AHivsbeoxVc-00557-00189523-00189819 some absurd Amin incapacity Magina
AHivsbeoxVc-00558-00189820-00190194 human cannot see al Mankato me es una
AHivsbeoxVc-00559-00190195-00190398 cosa que creo no possible on Jason
AHivsbeoxVc-00560-00190399-00190710 DeWitt la profesora Mary NASA Perla de
AHivsbeoxVc-00561-00190711-00191031 la Esperanza cos crea econ colossal
AHivsbeoxVc-00562-00191032-00191319 Amica periodical moment public asset
AHivsbeoxVc-00563-00191320-00191547 Ricardo health science alignments
AHivsbeoxVc-00564-00191548-00192051 esperen Samuel area in crepe LA he
AHivsbeoxVc-00565-00192052-00192312 amumu Menon kapa haka boogy opposite ot
AHivsbeoxVc-00566-00192313-00192693 katate sergeyeva suna cosa que does the
AHivsbeoxVc-00567-00192694-00193161 karate allow a sha no pasa la veta Tosca
AHivsbeoxVc-00568-00193162-00193473 no pasa a Lannister Juventud Youngman
AHivsbeoxVc-00569-00193474-00193740 Espanola cadaver audit ms propositions
AHivsbeoxVc-00570-00193741-00194043 unis preocupaciones collaboration /
AHivsbeoxVc-00571-00194044-00194214 simpler al million interests are
AHivsbeoxVc-00572-00194215-00194559 separate customer Lana we assure Nia
AHivsbeoxVc-00573-00194560-00194829 soammika tombe I'm total Carolyn
AHivsbeoxVc-00574-00194830-00195231 evolution feminist and confidential la
AHivsbeoxVc-00575-00195232-00195437 basura maybe not
AHivsbeoxVc-00576-00195438-00195729 Yaya Lea Ferran observers sure no
AHivsbeoxVc-00577-00195730-00196008 Cecilia could be parte de but oh you're
AHivsbeoxVc-00578-00196009-00196169 even good by yen
AHivsbeoxVc-00579-00196170-00196484 and really that I can use known as
AHivsbeoxVc-00580-00196485-00196812 Frankie stirs Creelman
AHivsbeoxVc-00581-00196813-00197163 news Merida do you know booyah could
AHivsbeoxVc-00582-00197164-00197484 monitor in a casually Todd no he will
AHivsbeoxVc-00583-00197485-00197703 request a Vida Baroque era under
AHivsbeoxVc-00584-00197704-00197909 leadership fixes an ultra spicy
AHivsbeoxVc-00585-00197910-00198041 Occidental's
AHivsbeoxVc-00586-00198042-00198252 después de la saga Negara mundial a
AHivsbeoxVc-00587-00198253-00198516 tsunami Kalka spam Lagoona yet autumn
AHivsbeoxVc-00588-00198517-00198750 salad de película de propylene lockup or
AHivsbeoxVc-00589-00198751-00199112 Toledano for a la la la la middle treble
AHivsbeoxVc-00590-00199113-00199919 kappa la la Vida domestically Parton
AHivsbeoxVc-00591-00199920-00200339 bono puja Spanish Akira more picture
AHivsbeoxVc-00592-00200340-00200481 Kalaheo
AHivsbeoxVc-00593-00200482-00200856 the me / k / TM de only whales mummies
AHivsbeoxVc-00594-00200857-00201174 vs. in the participation feminine an
AHivsbeoxVc-00595-00201175-00201468 ultra Val de Klerk porque la donna
AHivsbeoxVc-00596-00201469-00201846 Teatro Valle action the manera legal or
AHivsbeoxVc-00597-00201847-00202266 illegal pero siempre travel at ESO
AHivsbeoxVc-00598-00202267-00202464 oneness Ariana Mika
AHivsbeoxVc-00599-00202465-00202806 a Malayali Domino Lazaro Pina am alchemy
AHivsbeoxVc-00600-00202807-00202932 gossip revealed
AHivsbeoxVc-00601-00202933-00203402 cinnamon conversions la la vara mundial
AHivsbeoxVc-00602-00203403-00203852 feminist Alma de Mars on just remain
AHivsbeoxVc-00603-00203853-00204311 españa as a hotel a young German or
AHivsbeoxVc-00604-00204312-00204582 mechanisms of title Karev you're
AHivsbeoxVc-00605-00204583-00204965 measuring indications yeah easy
AHivsbeoxVc-00606-00204966-00205301 real men in Somali Veronica travel
AHivsbeoxVc-00607-00205302-00205671 domestic oh I guess there's no yes
AHivsbeoxVc-00608-00205671-00205931 Gaston alone ever seated magnificus
AHivsbeoxVc-00609-00205932-00206258 cacao Herrera foreign travel and related
AHivsbeoxVc-00610-00206259-00206789 1 B 1 amp Iranian Norman area in San Shi
AHivsbeoxVc-00611-00206790-00207101 play automatic innervation yes total
AHivsbeoxVc-00612-00207102-00207407 necessary tasker's that and really that
AHivsbeoxVc-00613-00207408-00209551 should discuss de la pareja yeah sorry
AHivsbeoxVc-00614-00209552-00209855 it was more comment and then a question
AHivsbeoxVc-00615-00209856-00210101 and I really agree and I don't have I'm
AHivsbeoxVc-00616-00210102-00210449 really not I think we need experts in
AHivsbeoxVc-00617-00210450-00210907 psychology and sociology and all other
AHivsbeoxVc-00618-00210908-00211362 fields to help us with that
AHivsbeoxVc-00619-00211363-00211742 why are they or are they really a Pathak
AHivsbeoxVc-00620-00211744-00211994 or just as Mary mentioned they are
AHivsbeoxVc-00621-00211994-00212321 active in other way they are active in a
AHivsbeoxVc-00622-00212323-00212621 virtual reality they are not active here
AHivsbeoxVc-00623-00212623-00213128 but there are huge debates on forums on
AHivsbeoxVc-00624-00213129-00213476 Facebook on Twitter so on so maybe it's
AHivsbeoxVc-00625-00213477-00213881 a different way of activism right now it
AHivsbeoxVc-00626-00213882-00214109 maybe doesn't and I agree with you with
AHivsbeoxVc-00627-00214110-00214389 this liberalism and I'm not agree with
AHivsbeoxVc-00628-00214390-00214638 fukuyama and his end of history but you
AHivsbeoxVc-00629-00214639-00215432 know you may you made one answer so
AHivsbeoxVc-00630-00215433-00215817 Fuqua Fukuyama's point was okay there
AHivsbeoxVc-00631-00215817-00216162 were free ideologies let's say so it was
AHivsbeoxVc-00632-00216163-00216551 a fascism it was a communism it was a
AHivsbeoxVc-00633-00216552-00217025 liberalism and communism was conquered
AHivsbeoxVc-00634-00217026-00217307 and fascism and there is only liberalism
AHivsbeoxVc-00635-00217308-00217646 and that's it that so we have everything
AHivsbeoxVc-00636-00217646-00217890 right now and nothing more and nothing
AHivsbeoxVc-00637-00217891-00218283 new so maybe it is
AHivsbeoxVc-00638-00218284-00218594 you really answered it so there is there
AHivsbeoxVc-00639-00218596-00218848 are shades and there may be just
AHivsbeoxVc-00640-00218850-00219217 different approaches but not crucial
AHivsbeoxVc-00641-00219219-00219617 enemy or just we can't or young people
AHivsbeoxVc-00642-00219619-00220086 can't recognize the the real enemy I'm
AHivsbeoxVc-00643-00220087-00220646 I'm not sure yes I agree that we need a
AHivsbeoxVc-00644-00220648-00220890 lot a wider panel of specialists in
AHivsbeoxVc-00645-00220891-00221146 about the general question of apathy and
AHivsbeoxVc-00646-00221148-00221535 and pessimism I think that the 68
AHivsbeoxVc-00647-00221536-00221781 generation were optimists despite the
AHivsbeoxVc-00648-00221782-00222071 difficulties and they they had that idea
AHivsbeoxVc-00649-00222073-00222294 that they were historical subjects they
AHivsbeoxVc-00650-00222294-00222746 were able to intervene and change things
AHivsbeoxVc-00651-00222746-00223200 but for example on the horizon then
AHivsbeoxVc-00652-00223201-00223521 there weren't issues like ecological
AHivsbeoxVc-00653-00223521-00224040 issues there weren't other kinds of
AHivsbeoxVc-00654-00224041-00224198 issues that are very much present today
AHivsbeoxVc-00655-00224200-00224417 and may may lead and what probably
AHivsbeoxVc-00656-00224419-00224625 Baumann would talk about liquid society
AHivsbeoxVc-00657-00224626-00224865 so everything is much more diluted if
AHivsbeoxVc-00658-00224866-00225084 you wish and so why as I mentioned
AHivsbeoxVc-00659-00225085-00225432 earlier the capacity to identify with a
AHivsbeoxVc-00660-00225433-00225642 cause and have a collective identity for
AHivsbeoxVc-00661-00225642-00225903 that was in a way simpler in a way I
AHivsbeoxVc-00662-00225904-00226069 would think at that time or at least we
AHivsbeoxVc-00663-00226071-00226356 yeah I would say that now regarding
AHivsbeoxVc-00664-00226357-00226812 women I think also is a very complex
AHivsbeoxVc-00665-00226813-00227466 situation as I showed with some of the
AHivsbeoxVc-00666-00227467-00227867 images in the case of Spain under the
AHivsbeoxVc-00667-00227869-00228000 Franco dictatorship
AHivsbeoxVc-00668-00228001-00228309 it was the oppression of women was so
AHivsbeoxVc-00669-00228310-00228719 clear by law and also through the
AHivsbeoxVc-00670-00228721-00229106 discourse on women that that are
AHivsbeoxVc-00671-00229107-00229346 facilitated if you wish the rebellion of
AHivsbeoxVc-00672-00229348-00229662 women against the imposition not just of
AHivsbeoxVc-00673-00229663-00229871 the laws which they did want to change
AHivsbeoxVc-00674-00229873-00230352 obviously but also against the role and
AHivsbeoxVc-00675-00230353-00230619 the model of women and their role in
AHivsbeoxVc-00676-00230619-00231198 society there was a point when it was
AHivsbeoxVc-00677-00231198-00231498 thought that Thomas disa t-this
AHivsbeoxVc-00678-00231498-00231589 discourse
AHivsbeoxVc-00679-00231590-00231892 practice of domesticity that meant that
AHivsbeoxVc-00680-00231892-00232146 women had to engage with the family work
AHivsbeoxVc-00681-00232148-00232317 and or identified through motherhood and
AHivsbeoxVc-00682-00232319-00232615 reproduction that that came directly
AHivsbeoxVc-00683-00232616-00233028 from the Franco regime okay however it
AHivsbeoxVc-00684-00233029-00233298 is also very clear that the this gender
AHivsbeoxVc-00685-00233300-00233548 system which was installed in the 19th
AHivsbeoxVc-00686-00233548-00233764 century the modernization of society
AHivsbeoxVc-00687-00233765-00234094 that is in all European societies and I
AHivsbeoxVc-00688-00234094-00234207 would actually probably make the
AHivsbeoxVc-00689-00234208-00234466 argument that it was less visible and
AHivsbeoxVc-00690-00234467-00234691 more subtle in countries like France or
AHivsbeoxVc-00691-00234692-00234906 even the UK and other countries
AHivsbeoxVc-00692-00234907-00235138 it was so obvious in the case of Spain
AHivsbeoxVc-00693-00235139-00235383 that imposition and discrimination of
AHivsbeoxVc-00694-00235384-00235731 women that in a way it was easier for
AHivsbeoxVc-00695-00235732-00236004 women to challenge that and I think
AHivsbeoxVc-00696-00236005-00236201 that's one of the explanations of the
AHivsbeoxVc-00697-00236202-00236638 rapidity with which women changed in in
AHivsbeoxVc-00698-00236639-00236815 the first years of the transition and
AHivsbeoxVc-00699-00236816-00237313 the whole structure of the gender order
AHivsbeoxVc-00700-00237314-00237601 a part of it under Franco was was
AHivsbeoxVc-00701-00237602-00237831 challenged at least and what I have
AHivsbeoxVc-00702-00237832-00238098 argued is that the feminism and the
AHivsbeoxVc-00703-00238100-00238465 women's movement managed to somewhat
AHivsbeoxVc-00704-00238466-00238714 modify the political cultures of the
AHivsbeoxVc-00705-00238715-00238942 transition in order to include women's
AHivsbeoxVc-00706-00238942-00239154 rights reproductive rights at the time
AHivsbeoxVc-00707-00239155-00239376 which is what would have been probably
AHivsbeoxVc-00708-00239377-00239587 more difficult than other societies does
AHivsbeoxVc-00709-00239588-00239788 in practice the other thing is how
AHivsbeoxVc-00710-00239789-00240037 society changes or not and it is true
AHivsbeoxVc-00711-00240038-00240369 that although there has been immense
AHivsbeoxVc-00712-00240371-00240837 changes in a number of issues regarding
AHivsbeoxVc-00713-00240838-00241206 women's role in society feminism male
AHivsbeoxVc-00714-00241207-00241639 and female identity obviously this has
AHivsbeoxVc-00715-00241640-00241844 not been solved and we do know about
AHivsbeoxVc-00716-00241846-00242235 occult discriminatory practices both in
AHivsbeoxVc-00717-00242236-00242619 the labor market in the home and it is
AHivsbeoxVc-00718-00242621-00242917 much more difficult to make them obvious
AHivsbeoxVc-00719-00242917-00243148 and evident it was much easier under
AHivsbeoxVc-00720-00243148-00243400 Franco if you wish not and this I think
AHivsbeoxVc-00721-00243401-00243669 has to do with the politics of identity
AHivsbeoxVc-00722-00243671-00244114 and gender identities in society female
AHivsbeoxVc-00723-00244115-00244396 identity that was constructed relating
AHivsbeoxVc-00724-00244396-00244608 women to nature reproduction mother who
AHivsbeoxVc-00725-00244609-00244905 that was challenged and changed however
AHivsbeoxVc-00726-00244906-00245266 the notions of male identity have not
AHivsbeoxVc-00727-00245267-00245904 been subject to such challenges so male
AHivsbeoxVc-00728-00245905-00246204 identity that was conformed in 19th
AHivsbeoxVc-00729-00246205-00246421 century on the basis of virility
AHivsbeoxVc-00730-00246421-00246621 sexuality but also on being the
AHivsbeoxVc-00731-00246622-00247128 breadwinner today 21st century given the
AHivsbeoxVc-00732-00247129-00247332 situation of the precariousness of work
AHivsbeoxVc-00733-00247333-00247626 the lack of stability in work the
AHivsbeoxVc-00734-00247627-00247992 capacity for the male the man to provide
AHivsbeoxVc-00735-00247994-00248196 for the family economy based on his own
AHivsbeoxVc-00736-00248197-00248481 salary this is this is gone in other
AHivsbeoxVc-00737-00248482-00248788 words the major pillars of male identity
AHivsbeoxVc-00738-00248789-00249046 to my mind have have changed and yet
AHivsbeoxVc-00739-00249046-00249233 there has not been a reflection on that
AHivsbeoxVc-00740-00249234-00249498 and what does this lead us to it does
AHivsbeoxVc-00741-00249499-00249804 lead to the reminiscence and continued
AHivsbeoxVc-00742-00249805-00250047 practices if you wish that within the
AHivsbeoxVc-00743-00250048-00250246 sphere of the family it's much more
AHivsbeoxVc-00744-00250246-00250663 difficult to to change some some
AHivsbeoxVc-00745-00250664-00251205 practices and that may lead to what you
AHivsbeoxVc-00746-00251206-00251397 have said particularly among the very
AHivsbeoxVc-00747-00251398-00251544 young generations this is what we're
AHivsbeoxVc-00748-00251546-00251724 finding in the schools that there is a
AHivsbeoxVc-00749-00251725-00252024 degree of male control of women of young
AHivsbeoxVc-00750-00252025-00252258 women very young women but on the other
AHivsbeoxVc-00751-00252259-00252510 hand I'm fortunate enough to work in
AHivsbeoxVc-00752-00252511-00252712 teach at the University where I have
AHivsbeoxVc-00753-00252713-00253059 male and female students and and I am
AHivsbeoxVc-00754-00253060-00253269 optimistic about that generation of
AHivsbeoxVc-00755-00253271-00253717 younger males coming in and questioning
AHivsbeoxVc-00756-00253717-00253939 the notions of masculinity and male
AHivsbeoxVc-00757-00253940-00254196 power that had been inculcated and they
AHivsbeoxVc-00758-00254197-00254419 had lived through and questioning that
AHivsbeoxVc-00759-00254419-00254625 and and I and in that sense I am an
AHivsbeoxVc-00760-00254626-00254992 optimist but of course we all know that
AHivsbeoxVc-00761-00254992-00255467 systems are established systems are
AHivsbeoxVc-00762-00255469-00255773 redirected refounded reformulate
AHivsbeoxVc-00763-00255774-00256200 re-appropriated to ensure continuity and
AHivsbeoxVc-00764-00256201-00256419 this to some extent has also happened in
AHivsbeoxVc-00765-00256421-00256615 regarding gender relations and I think
AHivsbeoxVc-00766-00256616-00256816 it's up to us as historians to identify
AHivsbeoxVc-00767-00256817-00257085 the mechanisms to my mind are no longer
AHivsbeoxVc-00768-00257086-00257442 legal just
AHivsbeoxVc-00769-00257444-00257682 but these are cultural mechanisms that
AHivsbeoxVc-00770-00257683-00257923 are still happening through the media
AHivsbeoxVc-00771-00257923-00258238 through other many other areas or arenas
AHivsbeoxVc-00772-00258239-00258651 that ensure the continuity of
AHivsbeoxVc-00773-00258652-00258942 traditional gender roles are the
AHivsbeoxVc-00774-00258944-00259119 modification or the slowness and their
AHivsbeoxVc-00775-00259121-00259281 modification or that they may emerge in
AHivsbeoxVc-00776-00259282-00259489 a different way and that I think is has
AHivsbeoxVc-00777-00259490-00260082 happened in so many times and I just
AHivsbeoxVc-00778-00260083-00260587 would like to add that in 1968 in global
AHivsbeoxVc-00779-00260588-00260907 perspective was much it was already told
AHivsbeoxVc-00780-00260908-00261448 them much immersed in great ideologies
AHivsbeoxVc-00781-00261448-00261909 for those in in France in Paris we saw
AHivsbeoxVc-00782-00261910-00262380 those new Marxism we saw Trotskyism we
AHivsbeoxVc-00783-00262381-00262794 saw portrait of Che Guevara who she mean
AHivsbeoxVc-00784-00262795-00263247 who else multi-tone and all those great
AHivsbeoxVc-00785-00263248-00263580 ideologies actually they got bankrupted
AHivsbeoxVc-00786-00263581-00263803 so there is no great narratives from
AHivsbeoxVc-00787-00263804-00264257 missing easy solutions and there is no
AHivsbeoxVc-00788-00264258-00264558 the most the one most very important
AHivsbeoxVc-00789-00264559-00264807 differences there is no more framework
AHivsbeoxVc-00790-00264808-00265126 of Cold War 1968 happened within the
AHivsbeoxVc-00791-00265127-00265501 framework of Cold War and the great fear
AHivsbeoxVc-00792-00265502-00265804 which underpin what are the underpinning
AHivsbeoxVc-00793-00265805-00266023 those societies the great fear of
AHivsbeoxVc-00794-00266024-00266385 nuclear Armageddon it wasn't voiced
AHivsbeoxVc-00795-00266386-00266722 directly in 1968 but I think I think I
AHivsbeoxVc-00796-00266723-00267037 feel it was somehow there the great fear
AHivsbeoxVc-00797-00267038-00267541 of the global war between nuclear
AHivsbeoxVc-00798-00267542-00267877 empires it's still valid because we got
AHivsbeoxVc-00799-00267878-00268090 still nuclear empires that are on
AHivsbeoxVc-00800-00268091-00268359 collision course perhaps more now than
AHivsbeoxVc-00801-00268360-00268846 in 1968 but the fear that the people
AHivsbeoxVc-00802-00268847-00269109 are not aware of the fact people but
AHivsbeoxVc-00803-00269110-00269329 perhaps these days and there is no much
AHivsbeoxVc-00804-00269330-00269626 models of those global of those Cold War
AHivsbeoxVc-00805-00269627-00270169 framework within societies okay so thank
AHivsbeoxVc-00806-00270170-00270357 you very very much to the three speakers
AHivsbeoxVc-00807-00270358-00270715 we really hope that your presentations
AHivsbeoxVc-00808-00270716-00271208 will be inspiring the youth nowadays
AHivsbeoxVc-00809-00271209-00271525 to struggle for at the end to struggle
AHivsbeoxVc-00810-00271526-00271846 for the freedoms and the civil rights
AHivsbeoxVc-00811-00271847-00272296 that are being that are in danger within
AHivsbeoxVc-00812-00272297-00272755 the you also nowadays just to add that
AHivsbeoxVc-00813-00272756-00273094 the presentations have been recorded in
AHivsbeoxVc-00814-00273095-00273241 video and will be available in our
AHivsbeoxVc-00815-00273242-00273580 website also part of this project which
AHivsbeoxVc-00816-00273581-00273735 is a European project with different
AHivsbeoxVc-00817-00273736-00274006 partners one of the outcomes will be a
AHivsbeoxVc-00818-00274007-00274264 publication will be a book published in
AHivsbeoxVc-00819-00274265-00274492 English including the presentations of
AHivsbeoxVc-00820-00274493-00274806 our guests today and some other articles
AHivsbeoxVc-00821-00274807-00275206 and the third outcome of this project
AHivsbeoxVc-00822-00275207-00275413 will be a traveling exhibition on
AHivsbeoxVc-00823-00275414-00275725 exhibition on the 68th in in the whole
AHivsbeoxVc-00824-00275726-00275899 euro but specifically in these three
AHivsbeoxVc-00825-00275900-00276147 countries the exhibit will be open in
AHivsbeoxVc-00826-00276148-00276553 Libya in the in the coming month then it
AHivsbeoxVc-00827-00276554-00276775 will travel to Warsaw and finally it
AHivsbeoxVc-00828-00276776-00277000 will finish him Barcelona so if we
AHivsbeoxVc-00829-00277001-00277334 follow us in our social media and
AHivsbeoxVc-00830-00277335-00277590 through our newsletter you'll be
AHivsbeoxVc-00831-00277591-00277837 informed about the place and the dates
AHivsbeoxVc-00832-00277838-00278074 of the exhibition here in Barcelona and
AHivsbeoxVc-00833-00278075-00278365 one more thing that maybe our colleague
AHivsbeoxVc-00834-00278366-00278716 Fernanda the journalist can inform us
AHivsbeoxVc-00835-00278717-00279108 about this contest of Instagram if you
AHivsbeoxVc-00836-00279109-00279349 are using social media and if you are
AHivsbeoxVc-00837-00279350-00279514 using Instagram you can you are all
AHivsbeoxVc-00838-00279515-00279748 invited to participate in it and you
AHivsbeoxVc-00839-00279749-00279946 just need to put this hashtag in search
AHivsbeoxVc-00840-00279947-00280465 of freedom 1968 and the idea is taking
AHivsbeoxVc-00841-00280466-00280675 nowadays pictures of whatever is
AHivsbeoxVc-00842-00280676-00280860 happening in around you in your
AHivsbeoxVc-00843-00280861-00281184 countries in struggles on the street
AHivsbeoxVc-00844-00281185-00281677 the women's March whatever excuse me and
AHivsbeoxVc-00845-00281678-00282082 if you add this hashtag you'll be in
AHivsbeoxVc-00846-00282083-00282401 you'll be participating in this
AHivsbeoxVc-00847-00282402-00282632 competition and there are some prizes
AHivsbeoxVc-00848-00282633-00282994 for the winners it's an e-book right
AHivsbeoxVc-00849-00282995-00283265 fernanda is it an e-book a very nice one
AHivsbeoxVc-00850-00283266-00283964 offered by our Slovenian partner so we
AHivsbeoxVc-00851-00283965-00284219 invite you to today part 2 the contest
AHivsbeoxVc-00852-00284220-00284496 and a big applause for all of them
AHivsbeoxVc-00853-00284497-00285862 [Applause]
AHivsbeoxVc-00854-00285863-00286069 you
AIkut_5ccYQ-00000-00000354-00000679 [Applause]
AIkut_5ccYQ-00001-00000680-00001193 in front of the money have some space
AIkut_5ccYQ-00002-00001194-00001548 [Applause]
AIkut_5ccYQ-00003-00001549-00001761 [Music]
AIkut_5ccYQ-00004-00001762-00001982 anybody ever play a game where you have
AIkut_5ccYQ-00005-00001984-00002141 to drive towards yourself
AIkut_5ccYQ-00006-00002142-00002481 so everything's backwards well these
AIkut_5ccYQ-00007-00002482-00002691 guys that drive they can do it when that
AIkut_5ccYQ-00008-00002692-00002853 that robots running at its full speed
AIkut_5ccYQ-00009-00002854-00003396 what's the speak 12.2 feet per second on
AIkut_5ccYQ-00010-00003397-00003594 the field which is pretty quick it's
AIkut_5ccYQ-00011-00003595-00003759 about half of what our robot like last
AIkut_5ccYQ-00012-00003760-00003942 year potentially I mean have room this
AIkut_5ccYQ-00013-00003943-00004188 year to go that fast but so no one's
AIkut_5ccYQ-00014-00004189-00004284 going to take it to a little bit of
AIkut_5ccYQ-00015-00004285-00005145 exercise like do the morning stretch
AIkut_5ccYQ-00016-00005146-00005546 [Applause]
AIkut_5ccYQ-00017-00005547-00006101 [Music]
AIkut_5ccYQ-00018-00006102-00006338 so that's all the different motions that
AIkut_5ccYQ-00019-00006339-00007630 the robot can do you guys pick up
AIkut_5ccYQ-00020-00007631-00008494 [Music]
AIkut_5ccYQ-00021-00008495-00008620 [Applause]
AIkut_5ccYQ-00022-00008621-00009146 but also that camera was really used for
AIkut_5ccYQ-00023-00009147-00009266 when they were on the backside of
AIkut_5ccYQ-00024-00009267-00009530 elementary the drivers PVC and the
AIkut_5ccYQ-00025-00009531-00009701 camera shows on their dashboard so that
AIkut_5ccYQ-00026-00009702-00010970 they can see
AIkut_5ccYQ-00027-00010971-00011238 taking place accurately if they want or
AIkut_5ccYQ-00028-00011239-00011530 they can run
AIkut_5ccYQ-00029-00011531-00011746 dude that they're in a big hurry not
AIkut_5ccYQ-00030-00011747-00012465 worried about stacking them up
AIkut_5ccYQ-00031-00012466-00013719 [Applause]
AIkut_5ccYQ-00032-00013721-00015360 [Applause]
AIkut_5ccYQ-00033-00015361-00016122 [Applause]
AIkut_5ccYQ-00034-00016124-00016476 [Applause]
AIkut_5ccYQ-00035-00016477-00016791 [Music]
AJJ5q2Hi-dE-00000-00000041-00000335 DeLeon ISM occasionally known as Marxism
AJJ5q2Hi-dE-00001-00000336-00000569 DeLeon ISM is a libertarian Marxist
AJJ5q2Hi-dE-00002-00000570-00000724 current developed by the American
AJJ5q2Hi-dE-00003-00000725-00001031 activist Daniel DeLeon DeLeon was an
AJJ5q2Hi-dE-00004-00001032-00001225 early leader of the first United States
AJJ5q2Hi-dE-00005-00001226-00001462 socialist political party the socialist
AJJ5q2Hi-dE-00006-00001463-00001810 Labor Party of America SLP DeLeon
AJJ5q2Hi-dE-00007-00001811-00001970 combined the rising theories of
AJJ5q2Hi-dE-00008-00001971-00002180 revolutionary syndicalism in his time
AJJ5q2Hi-dE-00009-00002181-00002456 with Orthodox Marxism according to de
AJJ5q2Hi-dE-00010-00002457-00002699 leonis theory militant industrial unions
AJJ5q2Hi-dE-00011-00002700-00002892 are the vehicle of class struggle
AJJ5q2Hi-dE-00012-00002893-00003137 industrial unions serving the interests
AJJ5q2Hi-dE-00013-00003138-00003340 of the proletariat working-class will
AJJ5q2Hi-dE-00014-00003342-00003467 bring about the change needed to
AJJ5q2Hi-dE-00015-00003468-00003722 establish a socialist system while
AJJ5q2Hi-dE-00016-00003722-00003879 sharing some characteristics of
AJJ5q2Hi-dE-00017-00003880-00004090 anarcho-syndicalism the management of
AJJ5q2Hi-dE-00018-00004092-00004283 workplaces through unions and with the
AJJ5q2Hi-dE-00019-00004284-00004506 SLP being a member of the predominantly
AJJ5q2Hi-dE-00020-00004507-00004697 anarcho-syndicalist Industrial Workers
AJJ5q2Hi-dE-00021-00004698-00005033 of the world IWW DeLeon ISM actually
AJJ5q2Hi-dE-00022-00005034-00005201 differs from it in that he in the modern
AJJ5q2Hi-dE-00023-00005202-00005438 SLP still believe in the necessity of a
AJJ5q2Hi-dE-00024-00005439-00005585 central government to coordinate
AJJ5q2Hi-dE-00025-00005586-00005756 production as well as in the use of a
AJJ5q2Hi-dE-00026-00005757-00005933 revolutionary political party in
AJJ5q2Hi-dE-00027-00005934-00006122 addition to union action to achieve its
AJJ5q2Hi-dE-00028-00006123-00006470 goals
AJJ5q2Hi-dE-00029-00006472-00006979 topic tactics
AJJ5q2Hi-dE-00030-00006980-00007237 according to the delian Asteria workers
AJJ5q2Hi-dE-00031-00007238-00007447 would simultaneously form socialist
AJJ5q2Hi-dE-00032-00007448-00007669 industrial unions in the workplaces in a
AJJ5q2Hi-dE-00033-00007670-00007855 socialist political party which would
AJJ5q2Hi-dE-00034-00007856-00008095 organize in the political realm upon
AJJ5q2Hi-dE-00035-00008095-00008281 achieving sufficient support for a
AJJ5q2Hi-dE-00036-00008282-00008503 victory at the polls the political party
AJJ5q2Hi-dE-00037-00008504-00008695 would be voted into office giving the de
AJJ5q2Hi-dE-00038-00008696-00008857 leanest program a mandate from the
AJJ5q2Hi-dE-00039-00008858-00009115 people it is assumed that at that point
AJJ5q2Hi-dE-00040-00009116-00009322 the socialist industrial unions will
AJJ5q2Hi-dE-00041-00009323-00009487 have attained sufficient strength in the
AJJ5q2Hi-dE-00042-00009488-00009670 workplaces for workers there to take
AJJ5q2Hi-dE-00043-00009671-00009859 control of the means of production the
AJJ5q2Hi-dE-00044-00009860-00010054 de leanest victory at the polls would be
AJJ5q2Hi-dE-00045-00010055-00010255 accompanied by a transfer of control of
AJJ5q2Hi-dE-00046-00010256-00010453 the factories mines farms and other
AJJ5q2Hi-dE-00047-00010454-00010666 means of production to workers councils
AJJ5q2Hi-dE-00048-00010667-00010864 organized within the industrial unions
AJJ5q2Hi-dE-00049-00010865-00011143 de leonis distinguish this event from
AJJ5q2Hi-dE-00050-00011144-00011317 the general strike to take control of
AJJ5q2Hi-dE-00051-00011318-00011496 the workplaces advocated by
AJJ5q2Hi-dE-00052-00011497-00011695 anarcho-syndicalist sand refer to it
AJJ5q2Hi-dE-00053-00011696-00011926 instead as a general lockout of the
AJJ5q2Hi-dE-00054-00011927-00012181 ruling class the existing government
AJJ5q2Hi-dE-00055-00012182-00012382 would then be replaced with a government
AJJ5q2Hi-dE-00056-00012383-00012538 elected from within the socialist
AJJ5q2Hi-dE-00057-00012539-00012718 industrial unions and the newly elected
AJJ5q2Hi-dE-00058-00012719-00012943 socialist government would quickly enact
AJJ5q2Hi-dE-00059-00012944-00013162 whatever constitutional amendments or
AJJ5q2Hi-dE-00060-00013163-00013309 other changes in the structure of
AJJ5q2Hi-dE-00061-00013310-00013497 government needed to bring this about a
AJJ5q2Hi-dE-00062-00013498-00013768 journey signed I workers on the shop
AJJ5q2Hi-dE-00063-00013769-00013960 floor would elect local shop floor
AJJ5q2Hi-dE-00064-00013961-00014158 committees needed to continue production
AJJ5q2Hi-dE-00065-00014159-00014332 and representatives to local and
AJJ5q2Hi-dE-00066-00014333-00014518 national councils representing their
AJJ5q2Hi-dE-00067-00014519-00014719 particular industry workers would also
AJJ5q2Hi-dE-00068-00014719-00014916 elect representatives to a central
AJJ5q2Hi-dE-00069-00014918-00015094 Congress called an all Industrial
AJJ5q2Hi-dE-00070-00015094-00015229 Congress which would effectively
AJJ5q2Hi-dE-00071-00015230-00015403 function as the national government
AJJ5q2Hi-dE-00072-00015404-00015666 these representatives would be subject
AJJ5q2Hi-dE-00073-00015668-00015969 to a recall vote at any time Delian ISM
AJJ5q2Hi-dE-00074-00015970-00016138 would thus reorganize the national
AJJ5q2Hi-dE-00075-00016138-00016330 government along industrial lines with
AJJ5q2Hi-dE-00076-00016331-00016567 representatives elected by industry not
AJJ5q2Hi-dE-00077-00016568-00017008 by geographic location
AJJ5q2Hi-dE-00078-00017009-00017281 topic comparison to other forms of
AJJ5q2Hi-dE-00079-00017282-00017689 socialism
AJJ5q2Hi-dE-00080-00017690-00017938 Delian ISM lies outside the Leninist
AJJ5q2Hi-dE-00081-00017939-00018153 tradition of communism it predates
AJJ5q2Hi-dE-00082-00018154-00018372 Leninism as Delian isms principles
AJJ5q2Hi-dE-00083-00018373-00018597 developed in the early 1890s with de
AJJ5q2Hi-dE-00084-00018598-00018864 león's assuming leadership of the SLP
AJJ5q2Hi-dE-00085-00018865-00019105 Leninism and its Vanguard Party idea
AJJ5q2Hi-dE-00086-00019106-00019372 took shape after the 1902 publication of
AJJ5q2Hi-dE-00087-00019373-00019636 Lenin's what is to be done its adherents
AJJ5q2Hi-dE-00088-00019637-00019846 are generally opposed to the policies of
AJJ5q2Hi-dE-00089-00019847-00020035 the former Soviet Union and those of the
AJJ5q2Hi-dE-00090-00020036-00020224 People's Republic of China and other
AJJ5q2Hi-dE-00091-00020225-00020419 socialist states and do not consider
AJJ5q2Hi-dE-00092-00020420-00020589 them socialist but rather state
AJJ5q2Hi-dE-00093-00020590-00020827 capitalist or following bureaucratic
AJJ5q2Hi-dE-00094-00020828-00021094 state despotism the highly decentralized
AJJ5q2Hi-dE-00095-00021095-00021330 and democratic nature of the proposed
AJJ5q2Hi-dE-00096-00021331-00021558 elitist government is in contrast to the
AJJ5q2Hi-dE-00097-00021559-00021763 democratic centralism of Marxism
AJJ5q2Hi-dE-00098-00021764-00021913 Leninism and what they see as the
AJJ5q2Hi-dE-00099-00021914-00022122 dictatorial nature of the Soviet Union
AJJ5q2Hi-dE-00100-00022123-00022369 the success of the Delhi inist plan
AJJ5q2Hi-dE-00101-00022370-00022581 depends on achieving majority support
AJJ5q2Hi-dE-00102-00022582-00022753 among the people both in the workplaces
AJJ5q2Hi-dE-00103-00022754-00022959 and at the polls in contrast to the
AJJ5q2Hi-dE-00104-00022960-00023158 Leninist notion that a small Vanguard
AJJ5q2Hi-dE-00105-00023159-00023338 party should lead the working class to
AJJ5q2Hi-dE-00106-00023339-00023589 carry out the revolution Delian ISM
AJJ5q2Hi-dE-00107-00023590-00023800 stance against reformism means that it
AJJ5q2Hi-dE-00108-00023801-00024033 is referred to by the label impossible
AJJ5q2Hi-dE-00109-00024034-00024274 list along with the Socialist Party of
AJJ5q2Hi-dE-00110-00024275-00024462 Great Britain de leanest political
AJJ5q2Hi-dE-00111-00024463-00024652 parties have also been criticized for
AJJ5q2Hi-dE-00112-00024653-00024865 being allegedly overly dogmatic and
AJJ5q2Hi-dE-00113-00024866-00025114 sectarian despite their rejection of
AJJ5q2Hi-dE-00114-00025115-00025342 Leninism and Vanguard ISM Delian ISM
AJJ5q2Hi-dE-00115-00025343-00025572 also lies outside the Democratic
AJJ5q2Hi-dE-00116-00025573-00025902 Socialist and social democratic
AJJ5q2Hi-dE-00117-00025902-00026175 tradition DeLeon and other Delina
AJJ5q2Hi-dE-00118-00026176-00026370 Striders have issued frequent polemics
AJJ5q2Hi-dE-00119-00026372-00026589 against Democratic Socialist movements
AJJ5q2Hi-dE-00120-00026591-00026773 especially the Socialist Party of
AJJ5q2Hi-dE-00121-00026774-00026935 America and consider them to be
AJJ5q2Hi-dE-00122-00026936-00027283 reformist or bourgeois socialist de
AJJ5q2Hi-dE-00123-00027283-00027468 leeuw inist have traditionally refrained
AJJ5q2Hi-dE-00124-00027469-00027700 from any activity or alliances viewed by
AJJ5q2Hi-dE-00125-00027701-00027898 them as trying to reform capitalism
AJJ5q2Hi-dE-00126-00027899-00028089 though the socialist Labor Party in de
AJJ5q2Hi-dE-00127-00028091-00028290 Leon's time was active during strikes
AJJ5q2Hi-dE-00128-00028291-00028470 and such such as social justice
AJJ5q2Hi-dE-00129-00028472-00028612 movements preferring instead to
AJJ5q2Hi-dE-00130-00028613-00028837 concentrate solely on the twin tasks of
AJJ5q2Hi-dE-00131-00028838-00029043 building support for Adaline aesthetical
AJJ5q2Hi-dE-00132-00029044-00029218 party and organizing socialist
AJJ5q2Hi-dE-00133-00029219-00029629 industrial unions
AJJ5q2Hi-dE-00134-00029630-00030186 topic political parties
AJJ5q2Hi-dE-00135-00030187-00030652 American Labor Party 1932 industrial
AJJ5q2Hi-dE-00136-00030652-00030919 union party league for socialist
AJJ5q2Hi-dE-00137-00030920-00031351 reconstruction new union party socialist
AJJ5q2Hi-dE-00138-00031352-00031681 Labor Party Canada socialist Labor Party
AJJ5q2Hi-dE-00139-00031682-00032145 UK 1903 socialist Labour Party of
AJJ5q2Hi-dE-00140-00032147-00032732 America socialist union party
AJJ5q2Hi-dE-00141-00032733-00033319 topic see also
AJJ5q2Hi-dE-00142-00033320-00033680 impossible ISM Industrial Workers of the
AJJ5q2Hi-dE-00143-00033681-00034244 world libertarian Marxism
AJJ5q2Hi-dE-00144-00034245-00034808 topic references
AJJ5q2Hi-dE-00145-00034809-00035345 topic external links
AJJ5q2Hi-dE-00146-00035346-00035708 DeLeon ISM org
AKR89DLiI1U-00000-00000016-00000175 thank you so much thanks for the
AKR89DLiI1U-00001-00000176-00000342 introduction emma
AKR89DLiI1U-00002-00000343-00000630 um so yeah kate and i will be discussing
AKR89DLiI1U-00003-00000631-00000831 yemen predominantly just to connect the
AKR89DLiI1U-00004-00000832-00000983 dots between we've sort of
AKR89DLiI1U-00005-00000984-00001103 already heard about scotland's
AKR89DLiI1U-00006-00001104-00001311 complicity in the arms trade
AKR89DLiI1U-00007-00001312-00001614 um and the human costs in yemen so i'll
AKR89DLiI1U-00008-00001616-00001798 just spend about five minutes just sort
AKR89DLiI1U-00009-00001800-00001902 of introducing
AKR89DLiI1U-00010-00001903-00002134 the situation in yemen and then kate
AKR89DLiI1U-00011-00002135-00002263 will move more towards
AKR89DLiI1U-00012-00002264-00002647 um the arms trade in scotland and the uk
AKR89DLiI1U-00013-00002648-00002958 um so this year in this week in fact
AKR89DLiI1U-00014-00002959-00003295 marks six years of the war in yemen
AKR89DLiI1U-00015-00003296-00003479 it started when the houthis took over
AKR89DLiI1U-00016-00003479-00003735 sauna in september 2014
AKR89DLiI1U-00017-00003736-00004063 and the saudi airstrike campaign began
AKR89DLiI1U-00018-00004064-00004422 in march 2015. um the most sort of
AKR89DLiI1U-00019-00004423-00004654 up-to-date statistics i could find are
AKR89DLiI1U-00020-00004655-00004919 that nearly 250 000 yemenis have been
AKR89DLiI1U-00021-00004920-00005022 killed
AKR89DLiI1U-00022-00005023-00005263 millions have been internally displaced
AKR89DLiI1U-00023-00005264-00005543 and 24 million are at risk of famine
AKR89DLiI1U-00024-00005544-00005799 and for reference scotland's population
AKR89DLiI1U-00025-00005800-00005886 is just below
AKR89DLiI1U-00026-00005887-00006199 5.5 million people so if you can imagine
AKR89DLiI1U-00027-00006200-00006503 how big that is and that's
AKR89DLiI1U-00028-00006504-00006814 just for reference i really really want
AKR89DLiI1U-00029-00006815-00006927 to underline
AKR89DLiI1U-00030-00006928-00007151 that as we've sort of touched on perhaps
AKR89DLiI1U-00031-00007152-00007255 touched on other
AKR89DLiI1U-00032-00007256-00007470 panels today yemenis are being
AKR89DLiI1U-00033-00007472-00007559 deliberately
AKR89DLiI1U-00034-00007559-00007846 starved the saudis blockade on yemen's
AKR89DLiI1U-00035-00007847-00008006 borders have prevented food
AKR89DLiI1U-00036-00008008-00008183 medical aid and gas from getting in the
AKR89DLiI1U-00037-00008184-00008455 country the houthis will steal this age
AKR89DLiI1U-00038-00008456-00008719 if there if it does do get through and
AKR89DLiI1U-00039-00008720-00008910 sell on the black market
AKR89DLiI1U-00040-00008911-00009087 then the prices of essentials such as
AKR89DLiI1U-00041-00009088-00009255 food medicine and gas
AKR89DLiI1U-00042-00009256-00009463 have absolutely skyrocketed so people
AKR89DLiI1U-00043-00009464-00009574 can't even afford them
AKR89DLiI1U-00044-00009575-00009799 if they can get in if they can get past
AKR89DLiI1U-00045-00009800-00009942 the black market
AKR89DLiI1U-00046-00009943-00010119 and public sector workers have gone
AKR89DLiI1U-00047-00010120-00010319 without salaries for years this includes
AKR89DLiI1U-00048-00010320-00010414 doctors
AKR89DLiI1U-00049-00010415-00010687 and medical staff there's been high
AKR89DLiI1U-00050-00010688-00010831 levels of explosive
AKR89DLiI1U-00051-00010832-00011006 violence from all sides this includes
AKR89DLiI1U-00052-00011007-00011223 bombing shelling snipering of civilians
AKR89DLiI1U-00053-00011224-00011303 as well and
AKR89DLiI1U-00054-00011304-00011503 grave human rights violations from all
AKR89DLiI1U-00055-00011504-00011631 sides
AKR89DLiI1U-00056-00011632-00011863 and some of the conflict actors include
AKR89DLiI1U-00057-00011864-00011942 the houthi
AKR89DLiI1U-00058-00011943-00012191 rebels and they terrorize yemenis
AKR89DLiI1U-00059-00012192-00012303 particularly
AKR89DLiI1U-00060-00012304-00012551 women and prisoners journalists and
AKR89DLiI1U-00061-00012552-00012822 really anyone they view as a threat
AKR89DLiI1U-00062-00012823-00013022 um there's a de facto yemeni government
AKR89DLiI1U-00063-00013023-00013199 as well who are operating out of saudi
AKR89DLiI1U-00064-00013200-00013351 arabia at the moment
AKR89DLiI1U-00065-00013352-00013679 um they're corrupt they engage in money
AKR89DLiI1U-00066-00013680-00013822 laundering and they divert
AKR89DLiI1U-00067-00013823-00014135 funds and aid um and when i again like
AKR89DLiI1U-00068-00014136-00014335 to sort of highlight the facts that when
AKR89DLiI1U-00069-00014336-00014583 yemenis desperately need aid when their
AKR89DLiI1U-00070-00014584-00014735 aids being cut off
AKR89DLiI1U-00071-00014736-00014894 their aid is being embezzled by the de
AKR89DLiI1U-00072-00014895-00015079 facto government
AKR89DLiI1U-00073-00015080-00015350 and finally the saudi-led coalition who
AKR89DLiI1U-00074-00015351-00015558 may know a little bit about it's um
AKR89DLiI1U-00075-00015559-00015711 supported by the us
AKR89DLiI1U-00076-00015712-00015975 and the uk through arms sales um a
AKR89DLiI1U-00077-00015976-00016247 plethora of arab states and militaries
AKR89DLiI1U-00078-00016247-00016647 um and that sort of membership changes
AKR89DLiI1U-00079-00016648-00016847 has changed over the last six years the
AKR89DLiI1U-00080-00016848-00017055 uae for example will say they've pulled
AKR89DLiI1U-00081-00017056-00017207 out but they still operate
AKR89DLiI1U-00082-00017208-00017535 uh secret prisons as well um
AKR89DLiI1U-00083-00017536-00017807 and sort of as emma said i have i my
AKR89DLiI1U-00084-00017808-00017919 sort of focus is
AKR89DLiI1U-00085-00017920-00018375 on yemeni women activists journalists uh
AKR89DLiI1U-00086-00018376-00018679 um i want to sort of add that yemen has
AKR89DLiI1U-00087-00018680-00018775 always been
AKR89DLiI1U-00088-00018776-00018967 quite a tough place to be a woman but
AKR89DLiI1U-00089-00018968-00019119 gender-based violence has
AKR89DLiI1U-00090-00019120-00019367 increased because of the up people due
AKR89DLiI1U-00091-00019368-00019591 to the war
AKR89DLiI1U-00092-00019592-00019767 some of the sort of more recent
AKR89DLiI1U-00093-00019768-00019991 developments um that you may have seen
AKR89DLiI1U-00094-00019992-00020071 in the news
AKR89DLiI1U-00095-00020072-00020383 um are that the u.s has halted arms
AKR89DLiI1U-00096-00020384-00020503 sales temporarily
AKR89DLiI1U-00097-00020504-00020750 um to saudi arabia has started to talk
AKR89DLiI1U-00098-00020751-00020927 about increasing aid to yemen
AKR89DLiI1U-00099-00020928-00021111 but there is a narrative of saudi
AKR89DLiI1U-00100-00021112-00021327 arabia's defending itself
AKR89DLiI1U-00101-00021328-00021591 um and that ex that still exists and
AKR89DLiI1U-00102-00021592-00021639 that
AKR89DLiI1U-00103-00021640-00021830 potentially could hint that arms sales
AKR89DLiI1U-00104-00021831-00022014 may resume the future it's not
AKR89DLiI1U-00105-00022015-00022303 sort of a complete promise again you
AKR89DLiI1U-00106-00022304-00022375 might have seen
AKR89DLiI1U-00107-00022376-00022622 sort of more closer to home the uk's
AKR89DLiI1U-00108-00022623-00022783 slashed aid to yemen
AKR89DLiI1U-00109-00022784-00023030 um at the beginning of march from 164
AKR89DLiI1U-00110-00023031-00023263 million pounds last year to 87
AKR89DLiI1U-00111-00023264-00023503 million pounds this year that takes a
AKR89DLiI1U-00112-00023504-00023686 massive toll on yemenis who rely on the
AKR89DLiI1U-00113-00023687-00023863 aid to survive
AKR89DLiI1U-00114-00023864-00024150 um finally the covet pandemic has taken
AKR89DLiI1U-00115-00024151-00024278 a significant death
AKR89DLiI1U-00116-00024279-00024535 on yemenis the numbers are not clear but
AKR89DLiI1U-00117-00024536-00024639 yemen already
AKR89DLiI1U-00118-00024640-00024799 had such a limited healthcare
AKR89DLiI1U-00119-00024800-00024983 infrastructure um and
AKR89DLiI1U-00120-00024984-00025199 and like i said with healthcare workers
AKR89DLiI1U-00121-00025200-00025422 going without salaries um
AKR89DLiI1U-00122-00025423-00025670 hospitals have been bombed as well there
AKR89DLiI1U-00123-00025672-00025878 are multiple epidemics of cholera and
AKR89DLiI1U-00124-00025879-00026062 diphtheria ravaging the population and
AKR89DLiI1U-00125-00026063-00026118 this just
AKR89DLiI1U-00126-00026119-00026423 absolutely does not help and
AKR89DLiI1U-00127-00026424-00026687 finally the uk is continuing to supply
AKR89DLiI1U-00128-00026688-00026862 arms which is where i will
AKR89DLiI1U-00129-00026863-00027223 pass on to kate to go more into depth
AKR89DLiI1U-00130-00027224-00027414 thank you so much jasmine i apologize
AKR89DLiI1U-00131-00027416-00027551 everyone i've got a surprising amount of
AKR89DLiI1U-00132-00027552-00027702 sunshine coming through my window for
AKR89DLiI1U-00133-00027704-00027799 scotland
AKR89DLiI1U-00134-00027800-00027990 so hopefully you can still see my face
AKR89DLiI1U-00135-00027991-00028111 um so
AKR89DLiI1U-00136-00028112-00028287 this has been a really really
AKR89DLiI1U-00137-00028288-00028431 devastating war we really can't
AKR89DLiI1U-00138-00028432-00028639 overstate that what yazmin has described
AKR89DLiI1U-00139-00028639-00028702 has been
AKR89DLiI1U-00140-00028704-00029095 horrific um and throughout the war
AKR89DLiI1U-00141-00029095-00029327 the uk government has not only continued
AKR89DLiI1U-00142-00029327-00029439 selling weapons
AKR89DLiI1U-00143-00029439-00029590 to some of the main conflict actors
AKR89DLiI1U-00144-00029591-00029758 saudi nui it's actually
AKR89DLiI1U-00145-00029760-00030046 increased the numbers of exports of
AKR89DLiI1U-00146-00030047-00030279 weapons that we sell to these countries
AKR89DLiI1U-00147-00030280-00030607 so we think um so we know that the uk
AKR89DLiI1U-00148-00030608-00030767 government has licensed
AKR89DLiI1U-00149-00030768-00031070 almost 7 billion uh
AKR89DLiI1U-00150-00031072-00031295 pounds worth of weapons to saudi since
AKR89DLiI1U-00151-00031295-00031399 the war began
AKR89DLiI1U-00152-00031400-00031655 but that's actually just the the
AKR89DLiI1U-00153-00031656-00031799 licenses that we know about there's also
AKR89DLiI1U-00154-00031800-00031823 an
AKR89DLiI1U-00155-00031824-00032055 open licensing system which means that
AKR89DLiI1U-00156-00032056-00032174 the value is probably
AKR89DLiI1U-00157-00032175-00032431 closer to something like 16 billion
AKR89DLiI1U-00158-00032432-00032502 worth
AKR89DLiI1U-00159-00032503-00032646 the kind of things that the uk
AKR89DLiI1U-00160-00032647-00032815 government has been selling uh
AKR89DLiI1U-00161-00032816-00032911 throughout the war
AKR89DLiI1U-00162-00032912-00033271 are missiles bombs and grenades
AKR89DLiI1U-00163-00033272-00033615 and also uh aircrafts so fighter jets
AKR89DLiI1U-00164-00033616-00033879 uh helicopters and drones and in
AKR89DLiI1U-00165-00033880-00033990 addition to the weapons
AKR89DLiI1U-00166-00033991-00034118 that the government the uk government
AKR89DLiI1U-00167-00034119-00034311 has been selling we uh the uk government
AKR89DLiI1U-00168-00034312-00034367 is also
AKR89DLiI1U-00169-00034368-00034639 providing technical support uh by
AKR89DLiI1U-00170-00034640-00034751 providing
AKR89DLiI1U-00171-00034752-00034967 staff from bae systems to support the
AKR89DLiI1U-00172-00034968-00035215 saudi air force
AKR89DLiI1U-00173-00035216-00035415 and these aircrafts and bombs and
AKR89DLiI1U-00174-00035416-00035518 technical support
AKR89DLiI1U-00175-00035519-00035783 they've been used by the saudis and the
AKR89DLiI1U-00176-00035784-00035887 uae and others
AKR89DLiI1U-00177-00035888-00036255 in a brutal air campaign which has seen
AKR89DLiI1U-00178-00036256-00036487 widespread and systematic attacks on
AKR89DLiI1U-00179-00036488-00036615 civilian targets
AKR89DLiI1U-00180-00036616-00036830 and huge numbers of violations of
AKR89DLiI1U-00181-00036831-00036959 international humanitarian law
AKR89DLiI1U-00182-00036960-00037215 and human rights so there were points
AKR89DLiI1U-00183-00037216-00037359 during the war where
AKR89DLiI1U-00184-00037360-00037559 there was an airstrike by the saudis
AKR89DLiI1U-00185-00037560-00037783 every 100 minutes
AKR89DLiI1U-00186-00037784-00038030 and these were hitting more non-military
AKR89DLiI1U-00187-00038031-00038279 or civilian targets than military ones
AKR89DLiI1U-00188-00038280-00038471 so we're talking airstrikes that have
AKR89DLiI1U-00189-00038472-00038671 been hitting hospitals like jasmine says
AKR89DLiI1U-00190-00038672-00039023 markets funerals weddings
AKR89DLiI1U-00191-00039024-00039311 schools school buses and key civilian
AKR89DLiI1U-00192-00039312-00039399 infrastructure like
AKR89DLiI1U-00193-00039400-00039599 roads and bridges food storage and
AKR89DLiI1U-00194-00039600-00039799 factories which is helping to starve
AKR89DLiI1U-00195-00039800-00040118 the population um whole cities
AKR89DLiI1U-00196-00040119-00040318 have been designated targets by the
AKR89DLiI1U-00197-00040319-00040479 saudi coalition
AKR89DLiI1U-00198-00040480-00040743 um and so which is complete violation
AKR89DLiI1U-00199-00040744-00040823 for international
AKR89DLiI1U-00200-00040824-00041118 humanitarian law and they drop leaflets
AKR89DLiI1U-00201-00041119-00041246 an hour before
AKR89DLiI1U-00202-00041247-00041471 they bomb and they drop leaflets
AKR89DLiI1U-00203-00041472-00041695 primarily to illiterate populations
AKR89DLiI1U-00204-00041696-00041855 uh and to populations that don't have
AKR89DLiI1U-00205-00041856-00042030 any fuel to leave
AKR89DLiI1U-00206-00042031-00042327 their city um there's also one of the
AKR89DLiI1U-00207-00042328-00042383 things that
AKR89DLiI1U-00208-00042384-00042551 i've worked on yemen for about 12 years
AKR89DLiI1U-00209-00042552-00042695 now um
AKR89DLiI1U-00210-00042696-00042879 and one of the things i still find
AKR89DLiI1U-00211-00042880-00043039 completely heart-wrenching
AKR89DLiI1U-00212-00043040-00043335 is um there's a lot of talk about saudis
AKR89DLiI1U-00213-00043336-00043495 indiscriminately borrowing
AKR89DLiI1U-00214-00043496-00043774 but actually they're targeting civilians
AKR89DLiI1U-00215-00043775-00043974 and one of the things that they do
AKR89DLiI1U-00216-00043975-00044279 uh is they do something called double
AKR89DLiI1U-00217-00044280-00044439 tapping i'm really sorry anyone who's
AKR89DLiI1U-00218-00044440-00044527 upset by this
AKR89DLiI1U-00219-00044528-00044758 um so what they'll do is they'll bomb a
AKR89DLiI1U-00220-00044759-00044935 hospital a school a factory
AKR89DLiI1U-00221-00044936-00045158 and they'll wait for the rescue the
AKR89DLiI1U-00222-00045159-00045335 informal rescue teams to come and try
AKR89DLiI1U-00223-00045336-00045430 and rescue people
AKR89DLiI1U-00224-00045431-00045583 and then they'll bomb the same target
AKR89DLiI1U-00225-00045584-00045751 again um
AKR89DLiI1U-00226-00045752-00045918 at killing the rescue teams and killing
AKR89DLiI1U-00227-00045919-00046046 anyone that might have survived the
AKR89DLiI1U-00228-00046047-00046223 first bombing
AKR89DLiI1U-00229-00046224-00046486 um some of you may have heard there's a
AKR89DLiI1U-00230-00046487-00046718 few of these bombings have sort of made
AKR89DLiI1U-00231-00046719-00046886 international news there was a massive
AKR89DLiI1U-00232-00046887-00047039 bombing of a funeral
AKR89DLiI1U-00233-00047040-00047351 um and that funeral bombing that killed
AKR89DLiI1U-00234-00047352-00047430 over 100
AKR89DLiI1U-00235-00047431-00047679 people that happened just two months
AKR89DLiI1U-00236-00047680-00047799 after the uk government
AKR89DLiI1U-00237-00047800-00048062 provided training on international
AKR89DLiI1U-00238-00048063-00048158 prevention law
AKR89DLiI1U-00239-00048159-00048527 to the saudis so
AKR89DLiI1U-00240-00048528-00048767 while um the government and the arms
AKR89DLiI1U-00241-00048768-00048886 companies
AKR89DLiI1U-00242-00048887-00049143 deliberately make it really difficult to
AKR89DLiI1U-00243-00049144-00049207 determine
AKR89DLiI1U-00244-00049208-00049446 exactly where in the uk weapons have
AKR89DLiI1U-00245-00049447-00049518 been made
AKR89DLiI1U-00246-00049519-00049774 it's certain that parts of bombs and
AKR89DLiI1U-00247-00049775-00049935 aircrafts being used by the saudis have
AKR89DLiI1U-00248-00049936-00050023 been made here
AKR89DLiI1U-00249-00050024-00050383 in scotland um so as stefan mentioned
AKR89DLiI1U-00250-00050384-00050639 fragments of raytheon paveway smart
AKR89DLiI1U-00251-00050640-00050774 bombs
AKR89DLiI1U-00252-00050775-00051095 um have been found in
AKR89DLiI1U-00253-00051096-00051463 bombing sites that bomb family homes uh
AKR89DLiI1U-00254-00051464-00051775 bombing sites uh of markets and also of
AKR89DLiI1U-00255-00051776-00051966 warehouses and factories and these
AKR89DLiI1U-00256-00051967-00052230 fragments can be traced back to the fife
AKR89DLiI1U-00257-00052232-00052671 uh the five factory uh of raytheon
AKR89DLiI1U-00258-00052672-00053023 um we also know that saudis have been
AKR89DLiI1U-00259-00053024-00053407 using eurofighter typhoons which we know
AKR89DLiI1U-00260-00053408-00053750 rely on radar systems uh manufactured on
AKR89DLiI1U-00261-00053751-00053919 the east coast of scotland
AKR89DLiI1U-00262-00053920-00054159 and infrared targeting tracking devices
AKR89DLiI1U-00263-00054160-00054359 made on the west coast
AKR89DLiI1U-00264-00054360-00054582 we also know that at least 16 companies
AKR89DLiI1U-00265-00054583-00054663 operating in
AKR89DLiI1U-00266-00054664-00054854 arms companies operating in scotland
AKR89DLiI1U-00267-00054855-00055015 have applied for military export
AKR89DLiI1U-00268-00055016-00055238 licenses to saudi coalition members
AKR89DLiI1U-00269-00055239-00055566 uh since 2008. so this is this is coming
AKR89DLiI1U-00270-00055567-00055799 from scotland
AKR89DLiI1U-00271-00055800-00055999 um it's not looking like the uk will
AKR89DLiI1U-00272-00056000-00056119 stop their support
AKR89DLiI1U-00273-00056120-00056438 to the saudi campaign anytime soon um
AKR89DLiI1U-00274-00056439-00056663 right from the outset of the bombing of
AKR89DLiI1U-00275-00056664-00056742 yemen
AKR89DLiI1U-00276-00056744-00056982 the foreign secretary at the time he
AKR89DLiI1U-00277-00056983-00057191 said we will support the saudis in every
AKR89DLiI1U-00278-00057191-00057271 practical way
AKR89DLiI1U-00279-00057272-00057550 possible short of engaging in combat and
AKR89DLiI1U-00280-00057551-00057726 that's exactly what they continue to do
AKR89DLiI1U-00281-00057727-00058126 and they continue to uh put weapons into
AKR89DLiI1U-00282-00058127-00058503 uh into uh a situation where there's
AKR89DLiI1U-00283-00058504-00058607 growing evidence
AKR89DLiI1U-00284-00058608-00058815 of war crimes and actually they're
AKR89DLiI1U-00285-00058816-00059007 increasing that support
AKR89DLiI1U-00286-00059008-00059350 um as stefan mentioned the
AKR89DLiI1U-00287-00059351-00059582 snp the ruling party here in scotland
AKR89DLiI1U-00288-00059583-00059679 their
AKR89DLiI1U-00289-00059679-00059935 mps in westminster have been really
AKR89DLiI1U-00290-00059936-00059982 vocal
AKR89DLiI1U-00291-00059983-00060287 and really supportive um against
AKR89DLiI1U-00292-00060288-00060606 uk sales to saudi but the snp
AKR89DLiI1U-00293-00060607-00060894 government here in scotland continue to
AKR89DLiI1U-00294-00060895-00060950 provide
AKR89DLiI1U-00295-00060951-00061166 huge amounts of support to the same arms
AKR89DLiI1U-00296-00061167-00061326 manufacturers
AKR89DLiI1U-00297-00061327-00061463 that are supplying weapons into the
AKR89DLiI1U-00298-00061464-00061630 yemen war
AKR89DLiI1U-00299-00061632-00061863 so as stefan mentioned scottish
AKR89DLiI1U-00300-00061864-00061982 enterprise is giving
AKR89DLiI1U-00301-00061983-00062294 millions of pounds of public money
AKR89DLiI1U-00302-00062295-00062494 uh to these arms companies including to
AKR89DLiI1U-00303-00062495-00062791 leonardo bae systems and raytheon
AKR89DLiI1U-00304-00062791-00062999 um and also the scottish parliament and
AKR89DLiI1U-00305-00063000-00063166 government ministers are welcoming with
AKR89DLiI1U-00306-00063167-00063223 pretty much
AKR89DLiI1U-00307-00063224-00063566 open arms uh as manufacturers in inter
AKR89DLiI1U-00308-00063567-00063703 parliament so there's been
AKR89DLiI1U-00309-00063704-00063911 uh numerous meetings with ministers
AKR89DLiI1U-00310-00063912-00064030 between
AKR89DLiI1U-00311-00064032-00064271 smp ministers government ministers uh
AKR89DLiI1U-00312-00064272-00064447 with arms companies and also
AKR89DLiI1U-00313-00064448-00064591 multiple lobbying meetings with other
AKR89DLiI1U-00314-00064591-00064759 parliamentarians
AKR89DLiI1U-00315-00064760-00065038 uh so we've got a massive hypocrisy uh
AKR89DLiI1U-00316-00065039-00065247 happening here in scotland
AKR89DLiI1U-00317-00065248-00065454 um and over to jason who's gonna tell us
AKR89DLiI1U-00318-00065455-00065550 a little bit about
AKR89DLiI1U-00319-00065551-00065887 what what do yemeni activists do
AKR89DLiI1U-00320-00065888-00066206 thanks so much kate so we can really
AKR89DLiI1U-00321-00066207-00066255 look at
AKR89DLiI1U-00322-00066256-00066463 sort of the different ways that people
AKR89DLiI1U-00323-00066464-00066726 are resisting um both yemeni and
AKR89DLiI1U-00324-00066727-00066999 non-yemeni and people in yemen and
AKR89DLiI1U-00325-00067000-00067238 people not in yemen as well
AKR89DLiI1U-00326-00067239-00067494 um at the moment a lot of sort of
AKR89DLiI1U-00327-00067495-00067663 activism is taking place
AKR89DLiI1U-00328-00067664-00067967 online um activists are making
AKR89DLiI1U-00329-00067968-00068182 um use of sort of the online spaces to
AKR89DLiI1U-00330-00068183-00068367 campaign and share information
AKR89DLiI1U-00331-00068368-00068655 and panels discussions much like this um
AKR89DLiI1U-00332-00068656-00068894 and in social media campaigns so
AKR89DLiI1U-00333-00068895-00069215 one of the more recent um events was the
AKR89DLiI1U-00334-00069216-00069271 yemen
AKR89DLiI1U-00335-00069272-00069550 day of rage on the 25th of january this
AKR89DLiI1U-00336-00069551-00069623 year
AKR89DLiI1U-00337-00069624-00069799 um where there was loads of online
AKR89DLiI1U-00338-00069800-00070175 action and in-person protests globally
AKR89DLiI1U-00339-00070176-00070231 um
AKR89DLiI1U-00340-00070232-00070535 clubhouse is also a um an app that's
AKR89DLiI1U-00341-00070536-00070711 being used as a space to sort of
AKR89DLiI1U-00342-00070712-00070815 informally discuss
AKR89DLiI1U-00343-00070816-00071071 activism um and this actually reminded
AKR89DLiI1U-00344-00071072-00071231 me i added this to my notes
AKR89DLiI1U-00345-00071232-00071511 after attending the event last night but
AKR89DLiI1U-00346-00071512-00071550 um
AKR89DLiI1U-00347-00071551-00071831 it there's similar sort of sentiments to
AKR89DLiI1U-00348-00071832-00072062 arabs who were organizing over twitter
AKR89DLiI1U-00349-00072063-00072223 during the arab spring
AKR89DLiI1U-00350-00072224-00072543 and sort of using that um as a place to
AKR89DLiI1U-00351-00072544-00072887 share like citizen journalism um so i
AKR89DLiI1U-00352-00072888-00073175 thought that was quite interesting
AKR89DLiI1U-00353-00073176-00073447 um i would like to underline the need
AKR89DLiI1U-00354-00073448-00073779 for yemeni activists to lead the
AKR89DLiI1U-00355-00073780-00074055 organization and lead the conversation
AKR89DLiI1U-00356-00074056-00074119 because
AKR89DLiI1U-00357-00074120-00074415 ultimately it is yemenis that should
AKR89DLiI1U-00358-00074416-00074655 decide the future of yemen
AKR89DLiI1U-00359-00074656-00074894 um it is nice to have hope high profile
AKR89DLiI1U-00360-00074895-00074991 figures
AKR89DLiI1U-00361-00074992-00075223 um speak on yemen one example is jeremy
AKR89DLiI1U-00362-00075224-00075375 corbyn will speak quite a lot
AKR89DLiI1U-00363-00075376-00075623 he's great i appreciate seeing that i
AKR89DLiI1U-00364-00075624-00075855 appreciate seeing his enthusiasm
AKR89DLiI1U-00365-00075856-00076175 um and we do need strong allies but it
AKR89DLiI1U-00366-00076176-00076367 really is important to listen to and
AKR89DLiI1U-00367-00076368-00076431 elevate
AKR89DLiI1U-00368-00076432-00076711 yemeni voices especially women and the
AKR89DLiI1U-00369-00076712-00076799 youth
AKR89DLiI1U-00370-00076800-00076950 who know their country well and they
AKR89DLiI1U-00371-00076951-00077143 know what their country needs
AKR89DLiI1U-00372-00077144-00077375 um and particularly when they are being
AKR89DLiI1U-00373-00077376-00077575 overlooked by white men making
AKR89DLiI1U-00374-00077576-00077806 the decisions and one of which is the
AKR89DLiI1U-00375-00077807-00077943 special envoy
AKR89DLiI1U-00376-00077944-00078150 martin griffiths and who tends to be at
AKR89DLiI1U-00377-00078151-00078311 the forefront of these conversations and
AKR89DLiI1U-00378-00078312-00078511 making those decisions
AKR89DLiI1U-00379-00078512-00078791 um activists both in yemen and outside
AKR89DLiI1U-00380-00078792-00078838 of yemen
AKR89DLiI1U-00381-00078839-00079119 are calling on governments to cease arms
AKR89DLiI1U-00382-00079120-00079199 sales
AKR89DLiI1U-00383-00079200-00079471 and holds the armed factions accountable
AKR89DLiI1U-00384-00079472-00079671 for their war crimes
AKR89DLiI1U-00385-00079672-00079871 um yemeni activists in the uk are
AKR89DLiI1U-00386-00079872-00080031 actually not just discussing the war
AKR89DLiI1U-00387-00080032-00080191 we're uplifting stories
AKR89DLiI1U-00388-00080192-00080503 music and art which really helps to
AKR89DLiI1U-00389-00080504-00080623 like to show
AKR89DLiI1U-00390-00080624-00080935 that um that yemen is not just a place
AKR89DLiI1U-00391-00080936-00081231 of war and violence and poverty it is
AKR89DLiI1U-00392-00081232-00081455 a vibrant place and it shows that
AKR89DLiI1U-00393-00081456-00081759 yemenis are incredibly resilient
AKR89DLiI1U-00394-00081760-00081975 um and scotland in particular um
AKR89DLiI1U-00395-00081976-00082167 diaspora communities do fundraise for
AKR89DLiI1U-00396-00082168-00082318 specific causes
AKR89DLiI1U-00397-00082319-00082526 and create opportunities for yemenis in
AKR89DLiI1U-00398-00082527-00082703 scotland to connect
AKR89DLiI1U-00399-00082704-00082943 um one of which that i'm aware of is to
AKR89DLiI1U-00400-00082944-00083062 yemen with love
AKR89DLiI1U-00401-00083063-00083359 um that so do look the up if you have
AKR89DLiI1U-00402-00083360-00083503 the chance
AKR89DLiI1U-00403-00083504-00083831 um in yemen um women peace builders
AKR89DLiI1U-00404-00083832-00084055 have been hard at work um they've been
AKR89DLiI1U-00405-00084056-00084255 hard at work when their work has not
AKR89DLiI1U-00406-00084256-00084494 been sort of highlighted by the media
AKR89DLiI1U-00407-00084495-00084838 um some of the sort of um small or
AKR89DLiI1U-00408-00084839-00084991 smaller actions that do sort of
AKR89DLiI1U-00409-00084992-00085143 contribute to the overall
AKR89DLiI1U-00410-00085144-00085423 effort are working like so working with
AKR89DLiI1U-00411-00085424-00085479 the youth
AKR89DLiI1U-00412-00085480-00085679 and to prevent them from joining the
AKR89DLiI1U-00413-00085680-00085823 armed forces
AKR89DLiI1U-00414-00085824-00086087 um providing food and water aid
AKR89DLiI1U-00415-00086088-00086159 including
AKR89DLiI1U-00416-00086160-00086350 things like building water stations in
AKR89DLiI1U-00417-00086351-00086543 areas that don't have access to clean
AKR89DLiI1U-00418-00086544-00086703 water
AKR89DLiI1U-00419-00086704-00086887 helping to rebuild schools and getting
AKR89DLiI1U-00420-00086888-00087047 children back into education
AKR89DLiI1U-00421-00087048-00087231 particularly after these schools have
AKR89DLiI1U-00422-00087232-00087535 been bombed by the saudi-led coalition
AKR89DLiI1U-00423-00087536-00087711 calling on the international community
AKR89DLiI1U-00424-00087712-00087918 to work with women peace builders and
AKR89DLiI1U-00425-00087919-00088055 activists
AKR89DLiI1U-00426-00088056-00088279 particularly to work towards a gender
AKR89DLiI1U-00427-00088280-00088543 sensitive peaceful solution
AKR89DLiI1U-00428-00088544-00088806 um calling for the release of prisoners
AKR89DLiI1U-00429-00088807-00089015 and detainees and to cease um
AKR89DLiI1U-00430-00089016-00089391 the act of kidnapping and abducting
AKR89DLiI1U-00431-00089392-00089623 um and then calling for gender-based
AKR89DLiI1U-00432-00089624-00089831 violence to cease being used as a tool
AKR89DLiI1U-00433-00089832-00089918 of war
AKR89DLiI1U-00434-00089919-00090247 um and as i said sort of in the intro um
AKR89DLiI1U-00435-00090248-00090447 yemen does not have a good record for
AKR89DLiI1U-00436-00090448-00090615 gender equality is
AKR89DLiI1U-00437-00090616-00090967 really been exacerbated by um the
AKR89DLiI1U-00438-00090968-00091143 by the war and the chaos that sort of
AKR89DLiI1U-00439-00091144-00091294 ensued
AKR89DLiI1U-00440-00091295-00091511 um and then peace activists both men and
AKR89DLiI1U-00441-00091512-00091599 women um
AKR89DLiI1U-00442-00091600-00091775 are covering and sharing news of
AKR89DLiI1U-00443-00091776-00091950 airstrikes in sort of a citizen
AKR89DLiI1U-00444-00091951-00092255 journalist format on twitter um
AKR89DLiI1U-00445-00092256-00092606 and so it is difficult to get news out
AKR89DLiI1U-00446-00092607-00092831 of yemen um so this is a really great
AKR89DLiI1U-00447-00092832-00092903 way to
AKR89DLiI1U-00448-00092904-00093287 get that um and it tends to be
AKR89DLiI1U-00449-00093288-00093447 and depending on who sort of is
AKR89DLiI1U-00450-00093448-00093679 reporting but sort of the more
AKR89DLiI1U-00451-00093680-00093974 formal media um coming out of yemen is
AKR89DLiI1U-00452-00093975-00094182 tends to be biased towards one party or
AKR89DLiI1U-00453-00094183-00094262 another
AKR89DLiI1U-00454-00094263-00094511 um it's hard to get unbiased news so we
AKR89DLiI1U-00455-00094512-00094782 do rely on citizen journalists
AKR89DLiI1U-00456-00094783-00095006 um and then peace activists are calling
AKR89DLiI1U-00457-00095007-00095206 on the un's take more tangible action
AKR89DLiI1U-00458-00095207-00095282 not just
AKR89DLiI1U-00459-00095283-00095623 words that empty words and recording
AKR89DLiI1U-00460-00095624-00095791 evidence of human rights abuses
AKR89DLiI1U-00461-00095792-00095862 committed
AKR89DLiI1U-00462-00095863-00096223 by the warring parties so for this final
AKR89DLiI1U-00463-00096224-00096431 part i'm just going to hand this over
AKR89DLiI1U-00464-00096432-00096671 back to kate just to discuss the actions
AKR89DLiI1U-00465-00096672-00096735 that
AKR89DLiI1U-00466-00096736-00096879 we can get involved in to show
AKR89DLiI1U-00467-00096880-00097103 solidarity
AKR89DLiI1U-00468-00097104-00097326 great um thank you so much jasmine that
AKR89DLiI1U-00469-00097327-00097423 really captures
AKR89DLiI1U-00470-00097424-00097671 like a really like sense of how much is
AKR89DLiI1U-00471-00097672-00097823 happening on the ground in yemen and how
AKR89DLiI1U-00472-00097824-00097894 we don't
AKR89DLiI1U-00473-00097895-00098118 we don't talk about that there's so much
AKR89DLiI1U-00474-00098119-00098294 peace activism happening in yemen
AKR89DLiI1U-00475-00098295-00098471 uh with women and youth and civil
AKR89DLiI1U-00476-00098472-00098647 society groups and human rights groups
AKR89DLiI1U-00477-00098648-00098782 and we really need to
AKR89DLiI1U-00478-00098783-00098950 build those relationships and support
AKR89DLiI1U-00479-00098951-00099182 and provide solidarity where we can
AKR89DLiI1U-00480-00099183-00099447 um here in scotland there's a sense uh
AKR89DLiI1U-00481-00099448-00099526 stefan mentioned
AKR89DLiI1U-00482-00099527-00099694 there's a there's a sense that at least
AKR89DLiI1U-00483-00099695-00099887 the the public are in a slightly
AKR89DLiI1U-00484-00099888-00099950 different
AKR89DLiI1U-00485-00099951-00100303 uh place than other uh other audiences i
AKR89DLiI1U-00486-00100304-00100350 guess
AKR89DLiI1U-00487-00100351-00100615 in in the uk and there is there was a
AKR89DLiI1U-00488-00100616-00100743 poll a couple of years ago that
AKR89DLiI1U-00489-00100744-00100862 suggested that
AKR89DLiI1U-00490-00100863-00101071 um the scottish public are significantly
AKR89DLiI1U-00491-00101072-00101182 opposed to
AKR89DLiI1U-00492-00101183-00101391 arms exports to certainly and that's
AKR89DLiI1U-00493-00101392-00101511 really something that we can
AKR89DLiI1U-00494-00101512-00101750 try and build on but also turn this kind
AKR89DLiI1U-00495-00101751-00101918 of public support
AKR89DLiI1U-00496-00101919-00102167 into tangible change here in scotland so
AKR89DLiI1U-00497-00102168-00102287 although
AKR89DLiI1U-00498-00102288-00102471 decisions relating to anzac sports are
AKR89DLiI1U-00499-00102472-00102663 reserved to westminster
AKR89DLiI1U-00500-00102664-00102878 there are actually a lot of levers that
AKR89DLiI1U-00501-00102879-00103023 we have here in scotland and a lot of
AKR89DLiI1U-00502-00103024-00103151 things that we can do
AKR89DLiI1U-00503-00103152-00103447 from here uh both in terms of whilst we
AKR89DLiI1U-00504-00103448-00103590 remain part of the uk
AKR89DLiI1U-00505-00103591-00103894 and if at one point uh scotland becomes
AKR89DLiI1U-00506-00103895-00104102 an independent country
AKR89DLiI1U-00507-00104103-00104471 um we have an election coming up
AKR89DLiI1U-00508-00104472-00104758 it's very rather obvious but on the 6th
AKR89DLiI1U-00509-00104759-00104823 of may
AKR89DLiI1U-00510-00104824-00105102 we'll be going to the polls uh either
AKR89DLiI1U-00511-00105103-00105231 probably most of us will be posting our
AKR89DLiI1U-00512-00105232-00105295 vote
AKR89DLiI1U-00513-00105296-00105623 um and we will be electing a new
AKR89DLiI1U-00514-00105624-00105983 parliament so we can push
AKR89DLiI1U-00515-00105983-00106158 i'm one of those candidates but i will
AKR89DLiI1U-00516-00106159-00106375 still be pushing the other candidates in
AKR89DLiI1U-00517-00106376-00106463 my area
AKR89DLiI1U-00518-00106464-00106831 uh um make commitments
AKR89DLiI1U-00519-00106832-00107119 around not just arms exports uh to
AKR89DLiI1U-00520-00107120-00107334 around like that they can apply pressure
AKR89DLiI1U-00521-00107335-00107583 on westminster but to make commitments
AKR89DLiI1U-00522-00107583-00107654 around
AKR89DLiI1U-00523-00107655-00107958 reviewing the policies and priorities of
AKR89DLiI1U-00524-00107959-00108119 our public funds those scottish
AKR89DLiI1U-00525-00108120-00108223 enterprise funds
AKR89DLiI1U-00526-00108224-00108527 pushing parties to commit to
AKR89DLiI1U-00527-00108528-00108847 ending public funds to arms companies
AKR89DLiI1U-00528-00108848-00109119 and also pushing what will be a new
AKR89DLiI1U-00529-00109120-00109263 government
AKR89DLiI1U-00530-00109264-00109527 to start thinking really seriously about
AKR89DLiI1U-00531-00109528-00109751 that jobs transition that transition
AKR89DLiI1U-00532-00109752-00109966 from jobs in arms manufacturing and
AKR89DLiI1U-00533-00109967-00110166 supporting that transition for workers
AKR89DLiI1U-00534-00110167-00110471 into renewable energy so there's a
AKR89DLiI1U-00535-00110472-00110671 really strong case that a lot
AKR89DLiI1U-00536-00110672-00110910 if not all of the workers that work in
AKR89DLiI1U-00537-00110911-00111078 arms manufacturing here in scotland
AKR89DLiI1U-00538-00111079-00111351 could work in renewable energy in uh
AKR89DLiI1U-00539-00111352-00111423 tidal and
AKR89DLiI1U-00540-00111424-00111783 wind energy in particular um
AKR89DLiI1U-00541-00111783-00111910 another thing we can all do as
AKR89DLiI1U-00542-00111911-00112223 individuals any of us who has a pension
AKR89DLiI1U-00543-00112224-00112454 we should check particularly if we're
AKR89DLiI1U-00544-00112455-00112575 public sector workers
AKR89DLiI1U-00545-00112576-00112934 for nurses and teachers bus drivers um
AKR89DLiI1U-00546-00112935-00113166 check where our pensions are invested
AKR89DLiI1U-00547-00113167-00113334 and push our pension fund
AKR89DLiI1U-00548-00113335-00113727 to divest from arms companies
AKR89DLiI1U-00549-00113728-00113958 uh if we are parents if we have children
AKR89DLiI1U-00550-00113959-00114031 at school
AKR89DLiI1U-00551-00114032-00114286 or uh if we're at universities ourselves
AKR89DLiI1U-00552-00114288-00114431 or have children at universities
AKR89DLiI1U-00553-00114432-00114783 um we can also look at the role uh
AKR89DLiI1U-00554-00114783-00114943 that arms companies are playing in our
AKR89DLiI1U-00555-00114944-00115143 schools so ask the parent
AKR89DLiI1U-00556-00115144-00115343 teacher councils are there arms
AKR89DLiI1U-00557-00115344-00115502 companies coming in and doing stem
AKR89DLiI1U-00558-00115503-00115654 education with our children do we want
AKR89DLiI1U-00559-00115655-00115734 someone else
AKR89DLiI1U-00560-00115735-00115919 to be doing that are they coming and
AKR89DLiI1U-00561-00115920-00116054 doing recruitment fairs in the
AKR89DLiI1U-00562-00116055-00116166 universities
AKR89DLiI1U-00563-00116167-00116510 or in high schools or colleges
AKR89DLiI1U-00564-00116511-00116775 um we can get involved in our local
AKR89DLiI1U-00565-00116776-00117007 group of cat so scotland has some of the
AKR89DLiI1U-00566-00117008-00117310 most active uh local i'm
AKR89DLiI1U-00567-00117311-00117575 biased but we have like the best groups
AKR89DLiI1U-00568-00117576-00117654 in the uk
AKR89DLiI1U-00569-00117655-00117966 by a long way uh so come along to our
AKR89DLiI1U-00570-00117967-00118190 uh like our meetings we're really lovely
AKR89DLiI1U-00571-00118191-00118302 i promise like
AKR89DLiI1U-00572-00118303-00118623 uh we get up to really really good stuff
AKR89DLiI1U-00573-00118624-00118686 so
AKR89DLiI1U-00574-00118688-00119047 that um underwater defense technology
AKR89DLiI1U-00575-00119048-00119183 arms fair that stefan mentioned in
AKR89DLiI1U-00576-00119183-00119358 glasgow we shut that down
AKR89DLiI1U-00577-00119359-00119502 like that's not going to happen again
AKR89DLiI1U-00578-00119503-00119671 and that was just a little group of
AKR89DLiI1U-00579-00119672-00120071 uh police activists here in scotland um
AKR89DLiI1U-00580-00120072-00120390 and finally just to reiterate yasmin's
AKR89DLiI1U-00581-00120391-00120471 point
AKR89DLiI1U-00582-00120472-00120751 about seeking out opportunities to
AKR89DLiI1U-00583-00120752-00120990 listen to yemeni activists to be led
AKR89DLiI1U-00584-00120991-00121239 in our campaigning by yemeni activists
AKR89DLiI1U-00585-00121240-00121302 um
AKR89DLiI1U-00586-00121303-00121486 and syrian activists and palestinian
AKR89DLiI1U-00587-00121488-00121614 activists and all of the
AKR89DLiI1U-00588-00121615-00121847 uh the places which are horribly
AKR89DLiI1U-00589-00121848-00122031 affected by weapons
AKR89DLiI1U-00590-00122032-00122310 um and seek to build relationships and
AKR89DLiI1U-00591-00122311-00122447 solidarity
AKR89DLiI1U-00592-00122448-00122663 um and to support the people that
AKR89DLiI1U-00593-00122664-00122878 documenting these human rights abuses
AKR89DLiI1U-00594-00122879-00123086 at a lot of risk and also the people
AKR89DLiI1U-00595-00123088-00123327 that are providing community support
AKR89DLiI1U-00596-00123328-00123695 um and just and on we also need to
AKR89DLiI1U-00597-00123696-00123886 recognize
AKR89DLiI1U-00598-00123888-00124310 as uh british activists
AKR89DLiI1U-00599-00124311-00124647 that um the we don't necessarily
AKR89DLiI1U-00600-00124648-00124847 totally understand what is happening in
AKR89DLiI1U-00601-00124848-00125031 these complex
AKR89DLiI1U-00602-00125032-00125327 uh conflicts around the world and that
AKR89DLiI1U-00603-00125328-00125486 there are a plurality of views and we
AKR89DLiI1U-00604-00125488-00125671 need to make sure that there's space for
AKR89DLiI1U-00605-00125672-00125831 a plurality of yemeni views or
AKR89DLiI1U-00606-00125832-00126031 palestinian views or syrian views when
AKR89DLiI1U-00607-00126032-00126295 we talk about the conflict and not
AKR89DLiI1U-00608-00126296-00126631 not everyone will have the same
AKR89DLiI1U-00609-00126632-00126983 stance um on the arms trade and that
AKR89DLiI1U-00610-00126983-00127047 needs to be
AKR89DLiI1U-00611-00127048-00127359 that needs to be a conversation
AKUfhPpQwqc-00000-00000008-00000238 what is up everyone after last week's
AKUfhPpQwqc-00001-00000239-00000423 news everyone and their neighbor are
AKUfhPpQwqc-00002-00000424-00000615 looking for the new meta weapons after
AKUfhPpQwqc-00003-00000616-00000774 the growl will get nerfed
AKUfhPpQwqc-00004-00000775-00000919 a lot of people are claiming that all
AKUfhPpQwqc-00005-00000919-00001062 these assault drivers are going to be
AKUfhPpQwqc-00006-00001063-00001215 the next best thing
AKUfhPpQwqc-00007-00001216-00001399 but i believe in something different i
AKUfhPpQwqc-00008-00001400-00001591 have a feeling the mk9 bruin is going to
AKUfhPpQwqc-00009-00001592-00001814 be so good post patch and it will be one
AKUfhPpQwqc-00010-00001816-00001855 of the
AKUfhPpQwqc-00011-00001855-00002110 s tier weapons for high ranked players
AKUfhPpQwqc-00012-00002111-00002279 today i want to show you guys d-class
AKUfhPpQwqc-00013-00002280-00002463 setup that will most likely be the best
AKUfhPpQwqc-00014-00002464-00002583 post ground earth
AKUfhPpQwqc-00015-00002584-00002734 after that we will look at some stats
AKUfhPpQwqc-00016-00002735-00002934 and i will explain why i think the mk9
AKUfhPpQwqc-00017-00002935-00002991 broon
AKUfhPpQwqc-00018-00002992-00003215 will be the next big thing and in the
AKUfhPpQwqc-00019-00003215-00003367 end i have a sick game i had with the
AKUfhPpQwqc-00020-00003368-00003535 mk9 bruin to show you guys
AKUfhPpQwqc-00021-00003536-00003775 so stay tuned but before we do this let
AKUfhPpQwqc-00022-00003776-00003870 me know in the comments if you think
AKUfhPpQwqc-00023-00003871-00004031 another gun will be the next best weapon
AKUfhPpQwqc-00024-00004032-00004215 for warzone and explain why
AKUfhPpQwqc-00025-00004216-00004359 and also if you enjoyed this class up
AKUfhPpQwqc-00026-00004360-00004551 video please consider leaving a like and
AKUfhPpQwqc-00027-00004552-00004686 subscribing to my channel
AKUfhPpQwqc-00028-00004687-00004983 and now on to the class setup the first
AKUfhPpQwqc-00029-00004984-00005151 attachment i'm using is the monolithic
AKUfhPpQwqc-00030-00005152-00005311 suppressor for sound suppression and
AKUfhPpQwqc-00031-00005312-00005454 more damage range
AKUfhPpQwqc-00032-00005455-00005583 if you combine this with the next
AKUfhPpQwqc-00033-00005584-00005879 attachment the xrk summit 26.8 inch
AKUfhPpQwqc-00034-00005880-00005934 barrel
AKUfhPpQwqc-00035-00005935-00006063 you'll have the max damage range
AKUfhPpQwqc-00036-00006064-00006270 available while also getting more bullet
AKUfhPpQwqc-00037-00006271-00006527 velocity and some extra recoil control
AKUfhPpQwqc-00038-00006528-00006678 next up i'm using the best scope in the
AKUfhPpQwqc-00039-00006679-00006855 game the feel k 3 x
AKUfhPpQwqc-00040-00006856-00007078 optic this is a clean and relatively
AKUfhPpQwqc-00041-00007079-00007263 fast scope with a three-time zoom
AKUfhPpQwqc-00042-00007264-00007478 it is perfect for long or medium range
AKUfhPpQwqc-00043-00007479-00007623 engagements
AKUfhPpQwqc-00044-00007623-00007831 up next i'm using commando 4 grip to get
AKUfhPpQwqc-00045-00007831-00008006 an extra increase in recoil control
AKUfhPpQwqc-00046-00008008-00008223 and aiming stability this is the best
AKUfhPpQwqc-00047-00008224-00008359 recoil controlling attachment for the
AKUfhPpQwqc-00048-00008360-00008495 mk9 in my opinion
AKUfhPpQwqc-00049-00008496-00008807 it turns it into a laser and finally
AKUfhPpQwqc-00050-00008808-00009006 the attachment that turns the mk9 into
AKUfhPpQwqc-00051-00009007-00009263 an ar the 60 round max
AKUfhPpQwqc-00052-00009264-00009431 now you will have all the benefits a
AKUfhPpQwqc-00053-00009432-00009606 normal 60 round mag has compared to an
AKUfhPpQwqc-00054-00009607-00009671 lmg
AKUfhPpQwqc-00055-00009672-00009942 100 round mag you get an increase in ads
AKUfhPpQwqc-00056-00009943-00010142 speed sprint of fire speed and movement
AKUfhPpQwqc-00057-00010143-00010238 speed
AKUfhPpQwqc-00058-00010239-00010478 so why do i think this bruin mk9 is the
AKUfhPpQwqc-00059-00010479-00010583 next best thing
AKUfhPpQwqc-00060-00010584-00010823 let me explain it has insane damage
AKUfhPpQwqc-00061-00010824-00010935 numbers
AKUfhPpQwqc-00062-00010936-00011246 46 on the head 34 in the chest and 31 on
AKUfhPpQwqc-00063-00011247-00011319 the rest
AKUfhPpQwqc-00064-00011320-00011478 the damage range profile is actually
AKUfhPpQwqc-00065-00011479-00011678 better than the grass and it also shoots
AKUfhPpQwqc-00066-00011679-00011806 faster than the grou
AKUfhPpQwqc-00067-00011807-00011999 so it is pretty obvious the mk9 is
AKUfhPpQwqc-00068-00012000-00012238 insane the only reason people are using
AKUfhPpQwqc-00069-00012239-00012335 the grout that much
AKUfhPpQwqc-00070-00012336-00012542 is because there's zero recoil great
AKUfhPpQwqc-00071-00012543-00012751 range and it is easy to use from long
AKUfhPpQwqc-00072-00012752-00012799 range
AKUfhPpQwqc-00073-00012800-00013030 even without a scope so that is why i
AKUfhPpQwqc-00074-00013031-00013271 believe the mk9 is the next best thing
AKUfhPpQwqc-00075-00013272-00013391 after the patch
AKUfhPpQwqc-00076-00013391-00013599 if you have not fully leveled it up or
AKUfhPpQwqc-00077-00013600-00013703 played with this weapon
AKUfhPpQwqc-00078-00013704-00013886 try it out yourself and prepare for the
AKUfhPpQwqc-00079-00013887-00014094 update so you can get a good feel with
AKUfhPpQwqc-00080-00014095-00014238 this weapon
AKUfhPpQwqc-00081-00014240-00014471 and now let's get into my mk9 bruin
AKUfhPpQwqc-00082-00014472-00014551 warsong game
AKUfhPpQwqc-00083-00014552-00015047 i hope you enjoy
AKUfhPpQwqc-00084-00015047-00015366 oh damn a lot of people
AKUfhPpQwqc-00085-00015368-00015999 have always
AKUfhPpQwqc-00086-00016000-00016775 nice where wherever
AKUfhPpQwqc-00087-00016776-00019422 i couldn't bring him
AKUfhPpQwqc-00088-00019423-00020558 your team is kia
AKUfhPpQwqc-00089-00020559-00021083 [Music]
AKUfhPpQwqc-00090-00021084-00021207 no
AKUfhPpQwqc-00091-00021208-00021886 let's just go here get some extra cash
AKUfhPpQwqc-00092-00021887-00022039 [__] from buy me from the superstore i
AKUfhPpQwqc-00093-00022040-00022407 think
AKUfhPpQwqc-00094-00022408-00023894 i'm going to
AKUfhPpQwqc-00095-00023895-00025283 wait that's two teams
AKUfhPpQwqc-00096-00025284-00026302 okay
AKUfhPpQwqc-00097-00026304-00026718 okay kill all the teams
AKUfhPpQwqc-00098-00026719-00027039 with the [__] great emphasis 77 isn't
AKUfhPpQwqc-00099-00027039-00027070 there
AKUfhPpQwqc-00100-00027072-00027262 a team upstairs yeah i killed that team
AKUfhPpQwqc-00101-00027263-00027518 already
AKUfhPpQwqc-00102-00027519-00027783 yeah let me get you back again thanks
AKUfhPpQwqc-00103-00027783-00027846 man
AKUfhPpQwqc-00104-00027847-00028135 no problem no problem i probably
AKUfhPpQwqc-00105-00028136-00028327 shouldn't have to die this time
AKUfhPpQwqc-00106-00028327-00028655 don't promise that
AKUfhPpQwqc-00107-00028656-00028831 yeah definitely going for that i know
AKUfhPpQwqc-00108-00028832-00028990 it's just [__] shitty spot where
AKUfhPpQwqc-00109-00028991-00029462 we're going
AKUfhPpQwqc-00110-00029463-00029679 we need it um there's definitely some
AKUfhPpQwqc-00111-00029680-00030062 people around there
AKUfhPpQwqc-00112-00030063-00031062 wanna push police station
AKUfhPpQwqc-00113-00031063-00031318 oh i cracked one oh we're going get this
AKUfhPpQwqc-00114-00031319-00031623 buggy i'm gonna follow them
AKUfhPpQwqc-00115-00031624-00033367 you know we're gonna do that
AKUfhPpQwqc-00116-00033368-00036351 use one shot behind that
AKUfhPpQwqc-00117-00036352-00036679 right away where
AKUfhPpQwqc-00118-00036680-00038015 oh [__] okay call you this way
AKUfhPpQwqc-00119-00038016-00039246 oh he's cracked
AKUfhPpQwqc-00120-00039247-00039858 enemy uav over here
AKUfhPpQwqc-00122-00043447-00043687 the other one is trying yourself
AKUfhPpQwqc-00123-00043688-00043807 finished
AKUfhPpQwqc-00124-00043808-00044271 thanks thanks for the res
AKUfhPpQwqc-00125-00044272-00044607 yeah we can get in here
AKUfhPpQwqc-00126-00044608-00045567 probably a good idea
AKUfhPpQwqc-00127-00045568-00045790 if you have like a good zone we should
AKUfhPpQwqc-00128-00045791-00045943 take advantage
AKUfhPpQwqc-00129-00045944-00047174 i saw people below us yeah i see them
AKUfhPpQwqc-00130-00047175-00047374 i'm gonna stay on this roof he's right
AKUfhPpQwqc-00131-00047375-00049083 below me
AKUfhPpQwqc-00132-00049084-00050483 there
AKUfhPpQwqc-00133-00050484-00051446 oh
AKUfhPpQwqc-00134-00051447-00052233 you fell off yeah man
AKUfhPpQwqc-00135-00052234-00052503 [Music]
AKUfhPpQwqc-00136-00052504-00052630 just save yourself save yourself save
AKUfhPpQwqc-00137-00052632-00052975 yourself it's okay
AKUfhPpQwqc-00138-00052976-00053159 i'll die you save yourself just run away
AKUfhPpQwqc-00139-00053160-00054559 or something
AKUfhPpQwqc-00140-00054560-00054719 what am i gonna do in this situation
AKUfhPpQwqc-00141-00054720-00055015 dude
AKUfhPpQwqc-00142-00055016-00055191 that's this is it this is it's now or
AKUfhPpQwqc-00143-00055191-00055726 never
AKUfhPpQwqc-00144-00055727-00057463 don't do this boy we don't want to fight
AKUfhPpQwqc-00145-00057464-00058775 i'm gonna take the ghost
AKUfhPpQwqc-00146-00058776-00059447 that's not nice man come on man
AKUfhPpQwqc-00147-00059448-00059830 this is very terrible
AKUfhPpQwqc-00148-00059832-00060135 i always have enough cash as well
AKUfhPpQwqc-00149-00060136-00060591 yeah that's true
AKUfhPpQwqc-00150-00060591-00062126 target spotted
AKUfhPpQwqc-00151-00062127-00062294 it'd even be a pretty good idea what i'm
AKUfhPpQwqc-00152-00062295-00063766 gonna do right now
AKUfhPpQwqc-00153-00063767-00064303 see
AKUfhPpQwqc-00154-00064304-00064454 what's the chances people are coming
AKUfhPpQwqc-00155-00064455-00064735 behind me
AKUfhPpQwqc-00156-00064736-00065882 i don't think he can push from the
AKUfhPpQwqc-00157-00065883-00066143 question
AKUfhPpQwqc-00158-00066144-00066326 it's only there's only three other dudes
AKUfhPpQwqc-00159-00066327-00066519 left
AKUfhPpQwqc-00160-00066520-00066847 nasty man okay
AKUfhPpQwqc-00161-00066848-00067935 play safe places
AKUfhPpQwqc-00162-00067936-00069094 yeah i'm gonna get you back
AKUfhPpQwqc-00163-00069095-00069463 there's people
AKUfhPpQwqc-00164-00069464-00069767 like somewhere here that [__] at the
AKUfhPpQwqc-00165-00069768-00070247 go get the loader drop i hope killed
AKUfhPpQwqc-00166-00070248-00070415 me neither man that would be that would
AKUfhPpQwqc-00167-00070416-00070638 be dumb but you know
AKUfhPpQwqc-00168-00070639-00070991 there's one team of two
AKUfhPpQwqc-00169-00070992-00071247 why the [__] did i take out my loadout
AKUfhPpQwqc-00170-00071248-00071375 oh [__]
AKUfhPpQwqc-00171-00071376-00071671 the wrong one it doesn't matter get to
AKUfhPpQwqc-00172-00071672-00072062 the safe zone pick it up
AKUfhPpQwqc-00173-00072063-00072926 it's one team
AKUfhPpQwqc-00174-00072927-00073191 i don't know where the team is i know
AKUfhPpQwqc-00175-00073192-00073326 where it is
AKUfhPpQwqc-00177-00077083-00077887 done
AKUfhPpQwqc-00178-00077888-00078247 nice job oh we pulled that out of our
AKUfhPpQwqc-00179-00078248-00078335 ass
AKUfhPpQwqc-00180-00078336-00078543 let's see let's keep it like that we
AKUfhPpQwqc-00181-00078544-00078959 pulled that out of our ass
AKUfhPpQwqc-00182-00078960-00079119 my name is exceptional if you enjoyed
AKUfhPpQwqc-00183-00079120-00079271 this video please consider leaving a
AKUfhPpQwqc-00184-00079272-00079431 like and subscribing to my channel
AKUfhPpQwqc-00185-00079432-00080497 and i will see you in the next video
AKUfhPpQwqc-00186-00080498-00081382 [Music]
AKUfhPpQwqc-00187-00081383-00081592 foreign
AL4vLu5grhu-00000-00000609-00000787 [Music]
AL4vLu5grhu-00001-00000788-00001855 how's your dominatrix work going
AL4vLu5grhu-00002-00001855-00002202 can you keep a secret 50 cents a secret
AL4vLu5grhu-00003-00002203-00002423 thank you Noah you're the most caring
AL4vLu5grhu-00004-00002424-00002668 man in my life and the only one who made
AL4vLu5grhu-00005-00002669-00002825 your appointment father
AL4vLu5grhu-00006-00002826-00003107 the main thing is setting an intention
AL4vLu5grhu-00007-00003108-00003420 it's like 50 of success
AL4vLu5grhu-00008-00003421-00003677 yes and the other 50 is releasing it
AL4vLu5grhu-00009-00003678-00003936 into the universe
AL4vLu5grhu-00010-00003938-00004272 [Music]
AL4vLu5grhu-00011-00004273-00004580 thank you
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00000-00000003-00000457 live from San Francisco it's the cube
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00001-00000458-00000886 covering Google cloud next nineteen not
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00002-00000888-00001162 to you by Google cloud and its ecosystem
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00003-00001163-00001433 partners welcome back to San Francisco
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00004-00001434-00001636 everybody this is the cube the leader in
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00005-00001637-00001763 live tech coverage and we here at
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00006-00001764-00002118 Moscone Center Google cloud next 2019
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00007-00002119-00002354 hashtag Google next nineteen I'm Dave
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00008-00002355-00002555 Volante with my co-host Steuben Amanda's
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00009-00002556-00002701 day two for us
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00010-00002702-00002933 Anthony ly is here senior vice president
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00011-00002934-00003113 and general manager of the Cloud Data
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00012-00003114-00003347 Services business unit at NetApp cube
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00013-00003347-00003620 alum and Louis Verte see who's a senior
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00014-00003621-00003818 cloud engineer at cloud health gentlemen
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00015-00003819-00004226 welcome I'm sorry Cardinal health I got
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00016-00004227-00004460 cloud in the brain gentlemen welcome to
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00017-00004461-00004597 the cube thank you much for coming on
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00018-00004598-00004904 Louis let's start with you a little bit
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00019-00004905-00005111 about Cardinal health what you guys are
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00020-00005112-00005276 all about tell us about the business
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00021-00005277-00005368 sure
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00022-00005369-00005692 Cardinal health is a global supply chain
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00023-00005693-00005936 medical product services company we
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00024-00005937-00006277 service hospitals pharmacies throughout
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00025-00006278-00006634 the world where our drivers are
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00026-00006636-00007088 delivering cost-effective solutions to
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00027-00007089-00007339 our to patients right throughout the
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00028-00007340-00007459 world awesome but we're going to get
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00029-00007461-00007648 into that Anthony you've been on the
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00030-00007650-00007889 cube a couple times here but almost a
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00031-00007890-00008059 year since we were last at this show
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00032-00008061-00008342 grown quite a bit a good thing Mosconi
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00033-00008343-00008503 is new and improved he's got all these
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00034-00008504-00008774 you know new customers here give us the
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00035-00008775-00009031 update on what's look back a year what's
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00036-00009032-00009188 transpired one of the highlights for you
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00037-00009189-00009403 open that up you know we've achieved a
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00038-00009404-00009724 tremendous amount I mean you know we
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00039-00009725-00009884 were a you know a Google partner of the
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00040-00009885-00010156 year which was quite nice even Award for
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00041-00010157-00010399 the hard work you know we have a very
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00042-00010400-00010621 special relationship with Google we
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00043-00010622-00010838 actually engineer directly into the
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00044-00010839-00011141 Google console our services they're the
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00045-00011142-00011420 products that are sold by Google which
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00046-00011421-00011635 gives us a very unique value proposition
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00047-00011636-00011896 we just keep adding you know we add more
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00048-00011897-00012199 services and we add more regions and we
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00049-00012200-00012458 continue to sort of differentiate the
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00050-00012459-00012680 basic services that customers are now
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00051-00012681-00012977 using for secondary workloads and
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00052-00012978-00013183 increasingly very large primary
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00053-00013184-00013366 all right we're gonna get into it and
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00054-00013368-00013616 learn more about the partnership but but
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00055-00013616-00013778 thinking about what's going on at
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00056-00013779-00014027 Cardinal health question for you lewis's
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00057-00014028-00014177 what are the drivers in your business
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00058-00014178-00014437 that are affecting your technology
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00059-00014438-00014552 strategy and how you're dealing with
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00060-00014553-00014900 those sure there's a few things and I'm
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00061-00014901-00015031 sure this is the same in many industries
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00062-00015032-00015334 right we're facing cost pressures we
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00063-00015335-00015631 need to deliver solutions at a lower
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00064-00015632-00015820 cost than we have been in the past we
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00065-00015821-00015977 need to move faster we need to have
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00066-00015978-00016211 agility to be able to respond to changes
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00067-00016212-00016622 in the marketplace so on-prem doesn't
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00068-00016623-00016831 didn't give us a lot of that flexibility
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00069-00016832-00017039 to to turn those levers in any of those
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00070-00017040-00017215 three areas so that those three things
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00071-00017216-00017405 have really driven our push into the
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00072-00017406-00017678 cloud all right let's dig into that a
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00073-00017679-00017972 little bit you you could kind of do you
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00074-00017973-00018145 still have on Prem as part of your
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00075-00018146-00018542 solution we we still have some so we've
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00076-00018543-00018793 been working over the past two years to
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00077-00018794-00019012 migrate workloads out of our data center
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00078-00019013-00019294 into the cloud were about 80% of the way
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00079-00019295-00019462 there there's gonna be some workloads
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00080-00019463-00019636 iSeries doesn't run in the cloud very
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00081-00019637-00020042 well you know we've got some we were
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00082-00020043-00020308 just joking about that earlier today yes
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00083-00020309-00020530 yes yes lots of things but in the back
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00084-00020531-00020717 corner somewhere I've got that icy area
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00085-00020718-00020842 right under the me working on that
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00086-00020843-00021031 Anthony
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00087-00021032-00021225 we're blessed we're blessed you know
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00088-00021226-00021555 this is a customer of ours and we enable
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00089-00021556-00021738 them to run some you know pretty heavy
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00090-00021739-00022110 on Prem workloads that required NFS can
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00091-00022111-00022383 now run you know production on Google
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00092-00022384-00022560 cloud so yeah and you're basically
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00093-00022561-00022692 trying to make that experience seamless
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00094-00022693-00022919 right as much as you can let me talk
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00095-00022920-00023156 about that that partnership with with
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00096-00023157-00023378 with Google what are the challenges that
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00097-00023379-00023567 you guys are trying to tackle I'm just
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00098-00023568-00023747 gonna refer to one question I mean you
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00099-00023748-00023955 know what we see is that there's a sort
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00100-00023956-00024167 of a pivot with the cloud that
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00101-00024168-00024378 traditional IT people thought
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00102-00024379-00024647 horizontally and they try and sort of
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00103-00024648-00024861 you had a storage team and you had a
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00104-00024862-00025050 security team and he had a networking
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00105-00025051-00025361 team in the cloud it sort of pivots 90
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00106-00025362-00025472 degrees and you have people that don't
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00107-00025473-00025718 work loads and the workload people
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00108-00025719-00025940 aren't experts in every single thing and
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00109-00025941-00026133 so they go to the cloud assuming that
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00110-00026133-00026402 the cloud itself will take care of a lot
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00111-00026403-00026595 of that problem for it so we worked with
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00112-00026595-00026895 Google and we built a service we didn't
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00113-00026895-00027098 we didn't build it for a storage guy to
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00114-00027099-00027351 configure and you know to undo the bolts
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00115-00027352-00027426 and nuts
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00116-00027427-00027705 we built it like dial-tone that there is
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00117-00027706-00028026 the NFS is always on in Google cloud and
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00118-00028027-00028329 you come and provision an endpoint and
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00119-00028330-00028551 you just tell us how much capacity you
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00120-00028552-00028752 want and how much performance and that's
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00121-00028752-00028952 it it takes about eight seconds to
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00122-00028953-00029240 establish a volume in Google cloud that
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00123-00029241-00029502 may take through you know trouble
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00124-00029502-00029783 tickets and IT capital purchases about
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00125-00029784-00030027 six months to do yeah and actually one
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00126-00030027-00030186 of my favorite interviews last year as I
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00127-00030187-00030360 talked to Dave hits at your Avandia and
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00128-00030361-00030545 he talked about when we first started
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00129-00030547-00030675 building it we built something that
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00130-00030676-00030858 storage people would love and you shot
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00131-00030858-00031043 him down and said no no this needs to be
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00132-00031044-00031452 a cloud first cloud exact solution Louis
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00133-00031452-00031686 I want to poke at you you actually said
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00134-00031687-00032025 price is a meme driver for cloud agility
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00135-00032026-00032226 absolutely but it brings us inside a
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00136-00032227-00032355 little bit I know you're speaking at the
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00137-00032356-00032537 show here you know people always say
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00138-00032538-00032748 it's like hey you know cloud is it easy
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00139-00032749-00032939 is it cheap well you know Devils in the
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00140-00032940-00033143 details there so would love to hear your
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00141-00033144-00033387 experience there and you know how you
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00142-00033388-00033621 know less expensive translates in your
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00143-00033622-00033930 world sure so um when we were looking
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00144-00033931-00034098 for something we tried to get away from
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00145-00034099-00034178 NASA
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00146-00034179-00034415 into the cloud and we just can't do it
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00147-00034416-00034598 right there's we have a lot of cots
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00148-00034599-00034856 applications a lot of processes that you
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00149-00034857-00035123 just have to have Nazz right and we're
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00150-00035124-00035246 looking for something as Anthony
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00151-00035247-00035441 described that with a click of a button
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00152-00035442-00035612 our developers can spin up their own
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00153-00035613-00035972 storage the the price point was lower
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00154-00035973-00036257 than then frankly you could get just
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00155-00036258-00036446 provisioning the type of disk that you'd
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00156-00036447-00036671 need in the cloud for and that was
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00157-00036672-00037048 acceptable for most of our workloads the
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00158-00037049-00037445 the ability to tear right there's
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00159-00037446-00037637 there's three classes of storage and in
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00160-00037638-00037934 the cloud volume services most of our
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00161-00037935-00038159 workloads are running on the standard
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00162-00038160-00038348 tier but we've got some workloads where
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00163-00038349-00038552 they've got higher performance and we
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00164-00038553-00038732 provision them right on the standard and
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00165-00038733-00038900 when they you're doing their testing
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00166-00038901-00039080 like hey we need a little bit more with
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00167-00039081-00039269 a click of a button they're at a higher
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00168-00039270-00039530 tier of storage no downtime no
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00169-00039531-00039854 restarting no moving storage it's it
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00170-00039855-00040145 just works so the cost the agility we're
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00171-00040146-00040379 getting all of that out of the solution
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00172-00040380-00040565 minutes those SLA is is that sort of a
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00173-00040566-00040805 sort of automated way or you sort of
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00174-00040806-00041015 monitoring things and and what's the
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00175-00041016-00041330 process for for managing which SLA SLA
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00176-00041331-00041513 is on the different tiers of storage if
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00177-00041514-00041702 we provide them yeah we're not we're not
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00178-00041703-00041906 monitoring for yeah so it's all
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00179-00041907-00042185 automated we run it and we stand by
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00180-00042186-00042476 SLA guarantees throughput guarantees and
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00181-00042477-00042692 we take the pain away you know I always
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00182-00042693-00042908 like to say you know what people want to
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00183-00042909-00043124 do in the public cloud is innovate not
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00184-00043125-00043430 administrate and generally you know so
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00185-00043431-00043613 when when people say Clowes cheaper it's
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00186-00043614-00043844 because I think they've decided that
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00187-00043845-00044056 they're better use of the dollar is in
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00188-00044057-00044342 application development data science and
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00189-00044343-00044702 then they can retire IT people and put
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00190-00044703-00044873 application developers into the business
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00191-00044874-00045095 so what Google does I think incredibly
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00192-00045096-00045422 well as it has infrastructure to remove
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00193-00045423-00045710 the sort of the legacy barrier and the
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00194-00045711-00045836 traditional stuff and then it has this
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00195-00045837-00046253 wonderful new innovation that you know
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00196-00046254-00046556 maybe a few companies in the world could
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00197-00046557-00046754 use it but most people couldn't afford
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00198-00046755-00047057 to put GPUs or GPUs in their data
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00199-00047058-00047345 centers so it was really - very strong
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00200-00047346-00047522 value proposition and maybe what they're
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00201-00047523-00047705 saying is when they say the cloud is
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00202-00047706-00047975 cheaper it's maybe it's better ROI yeah
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00203-00047976-00048197 I'm spending money elsewhere that's give
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00204-00048198-00048299 me a better return
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00205-00048300-00048431 yeah there's do things that make you
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00206-00048432-00048617 different not the same right right so
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00207-00048618-00048881 storage strategy I mean I'm sure there
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00208-00048882-00049076 should be such a thing anymore it was
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00209-00049077-00049238 worthless right back in the day when
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00210-00049239-00049397 used to work at EMC was I I by EMC
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00211-00049398-00049718 four-block net app for file things have
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00212-00049719-00049973 changed in terms of how you run a
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00213-00049974-00050162 strategy think about your business so
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00214-00050163-00050354 what is your strategy when you think
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00215-00050355-00050558 about infrastructure and storage and
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00216-00050559-00050819 workloads so we really don't want to
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00217-00050820-00051041 have to focus on an infrastructure
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00218-00051042-00051227 strategy right right now
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00219-00051228-00051371 we're mostly running traditional
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00220-00051372-00051599 workloads in the cloud running on VMs
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00221-00051600-00051854 we're working towards getting a lot of
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00222-00051854-00052157 workloads in to gke using that service
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00223-00052158-00052529 in Google cloud platform so can you just
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00224-00052529-00052685 step us back for a second how'd you end
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00225-00052686-00052847 up on Google why'd you choose them
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00226-00052848-00053005 versus some of the alternatives out
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00227-00053007-00053191 there so we started our cloud journey a
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00228-00053192-00053441 couple years ago started out with really
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00229-00053441-00053672 the the main cloud player in town like
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00230-00053673-00054062 most people have and about a year in not
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00231-00054063-00054192 all of our needs were being met
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00232-00054194-00054491 you know they that that company entered
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00233-00054491-00054791 decided to enter our business segment so
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00234-00054791-00054955 you know it starts asking some questions
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00235-00054957-00055151 people start asking some questions there
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00236-00055152-00055567 so that prompted us to do an RFP to to
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00237-00055569-00055804 try to see technologically really were
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00238-00055805-00055991 we on the right cloud cloud platform and
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00239-00055991-00056207 we compared the top three cloud
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00240-00056208-00056455 providers and ended up on GCP from a
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00241-00056457-00056615 technological decision not just a
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00242-00056616-00056900 business decision it gave us the ability
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00243-00056901-00057233 to have a top level organization where
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00244-00057234-00057386 we could provision projects to
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00245-00057387-00057560 application teams they could work
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00246-00057561-00057800 autonomously within those projects but
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00247-00057801-00058061 we still had the shared VPC a shared
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00248-00058062-00058259 network where we could put Enterprise
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00249-00058260-00058463 guardrails in place to protect the
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00250-00058464-00058652 company the Domenic price was on earlier
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00251-00058653-00058814 he's with Google and he Hussein some
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00252-00058815-00058982 nice things about NetApp but I'd like to
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00253-00058983-00059126 hear your perspective is why NetApp
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00254-00059127-00059348 what's unique about Neff what's so
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00255-00059349-00059480 special about NetApp and the
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00256-00059482-00059709 sure a few of the things that Anthony
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00257-00059710-00059862 talked about were really differentiate
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00258-00059863-00060141 errs for us we didn't have to go sign a
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00259-00060141-00060341 Pio with another company we didn't need
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00260-00060342-00060624 to commit to a certain amount of storage
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00261-00060625-00060750 we didn't need to build our own
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00262-00060751-00061083 infrastructure even in the cloud the
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00263-00061084-00061266 service was just there you do a little
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00264-00061266-00061539 bit of upfront setup to connect your
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00265-00061540-00061824 networking and we can provision storage
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00266-00061825-00062066 whenever we want we can change the speed
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00267-00062067-00062204 the the throughput that we're getting on
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00268-00062205-00062415 that storage at any point in time we can
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00269-00062416-00062642 grow that storage with no downtime those
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00270-00062644-00062823 are all things that that were really
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00271-00062824-00063090 different and other solutions that were
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00272-00063091-00063210 out there having it's interesting
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00273-00063211-00063495 infrastructure was really still even in
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00274-00063496-00063669 the cloud it's kind of like a bunch of
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00275-00063670-00063924 Lego blocks and what we always said was
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00276-00063925-00064152 you know people want to buy the pirate
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00277-00064153-00064292 ship you know they don't want to like
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00278-00064294-00064584 have to dig in all these bins and so we
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00279-00064585-00064857 sort of said let's build storage kind of
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00280-00064858-00065025 like a pirate ship that it you just know
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00281-00065026-00065334 that the end result is a pirate ship and
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00282-00065335-00065598 I don't have to understand how to pick
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00283-00065599-00065790 all those pieces someone's done that for
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00284-00065791-00065991 me so you know we're really trying to
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00285-00065992-00066225 sort of I was I'd say we like to create
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00286-00066226-00066513 a Z buttons you know people just hit the
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00287-00066514-00066720 easy button and go someone else is going
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00288-00066721-00066918 to make sure it's there someone else is
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00289-00066919-00067113 going to make sure it performs I am just
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00290-00067114-00067452 a consumer of it so Anthony we've talked
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00291-00067453-00067683 to you and NetApp you play across all
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00292-00067684-00067893 the major cloud providers out there and
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00293-00067894-00068031 you've got an opinion when it comes to
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00294-00068032-00068379 kubernetes help it help give us the you
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00295-00068380-00068517 know where what you think about what
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00296-00068518-00068664 you've heard this week at Google you
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00297-00068665-00068766 know I think how they differentiate
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00298-00068767-00068880 themselves in the market you know I
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00299-00068881-00069105 think it's great you know that Google I
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00300-00069106-00069294 think open sourced kubernetes I think
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00301-00069295-00069653 that was an industry changing event and
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00302-00069654-00069903 you know I think kubernetes really
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00303-00069904-00070233 starts to redefine application
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00304-00070234-00070302 development
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00305-00070303-00070590 I think portability is obviously a big
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00306-00070591-00070857 thing with it but but for an application
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00307-00070858-00071046 developer the VM was something that
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00308-00071047-00071346 somebody added afterwards and it was
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00309-00071347-00071568 sort of like oh no we overbought
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00310-00071569-00071811 infrastructure so now we'll virtualize
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00311-00071812-00072057 it but the cost of virtualizing things
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00312-00072058-00072324 was so expensive you know you put an OS
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00313-00072325-00072687 in a VM and kubernetes was was built and
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00314-00072688-00072755 was
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00315-00072756-00072953 sort of attracted to the developer and
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00316-00072954-00073118 so the developers are coding and
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00317-00073119-00073436 refactoring and and I just you just look
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00318-00073437-00073667 around now and you just see the
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00319-00073668-00073943 groundswell on kubernetes CN CF is here
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00320-00073944-00074150 and the contributions that are being
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00321-00074151-00074330 made to communities are astonishing its
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00322-00074331-00074561 it's reached a scale way bigger than
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00323-00074562-00074843 Linux the amount of innovation that's
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00324-00074844-00075001 going into communities I I think is
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00325-00075002-00075221 unstoppable now it's it's gonna be the
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00326-00075222-00075347 standard if it isn't already
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00327-00075348-00075479 oh well Louis a day I'd love you to
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00328-00075480-00075695 expand you said it sounded like you move
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00329-00075696-00075863 to the cloud first but now you're going
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00330-00075864-00076061 down that application modernization you
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00331-00076062-00076280 know how does kubernetes fit into that
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00332-00076281-00076475 and what what other pieces because it's
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00333-00076476-00076670 changing the application to tyskie the
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00334-00076671-00076874 long pole in the tent and modernization
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00335-00076875-00077105 yep so Cardinal took the approach of we
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00336-00077106-00077231 need to get everything into the cloud
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00337-00077232-00077489 and then we can begin modernizing our
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00338-00077490-00077651 applications because if we tried to
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00339-00077652-00077813 modernize everything up front it would
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00340-00077814-00077966 take us 10 to 15 years to get to the
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00341-00077967-00078169 cloud and we couldn't afford to do that
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00342-00078170-00078542 so lifting and shifting machines was
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00343-00078543-00078826 about 70 to 80% of our migration to the
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00344-00078827-00079031 cloud what we're looking at now is
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00345-00079032-00079207 modern modernizing some of our
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00346-00079208-00079423 applications our e-commerce solution
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00347-00079424-00079721 will be we'll be running on kubernetes
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00348-00079722-00080036 very shortly and we'll be taking other
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00349-00080037-00080204 workloads there in the future that's
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00350-00080205-00080447 definitely the next step the next
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00351-00080448-00080663 evolution ok you in a cloud or multi
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00352-00080664-00080951 cloud that is the question we are multi
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00353-00080952-00081254 cloud there are you know certain needs
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00354-00081255-00081440 that can only be met in certain clouds
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00355-00081441-00081695 right so Google Cloud is our primary
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00356-00081696-00082040 cloud provider but we're also we also
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00357-00082041-00082259 using Amazon for specific workloads and
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00358-00082260-00082460 and you use net up across those clouds
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00359-00082461-00082763 erect okay so it is that what's that
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00360-00082764-00082961 like is the net app experience across
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00361-00082962-00083207 clouds so we're still coming together is
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00362-00083208-00083411 it sort of highly similar what's that
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00363-00083412-00083639 experience like so it's it's using that
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00364-00083640-00083825 app in both solutions are the same I
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00365-00083826-00084019 think there's some stuff that we're
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00366-00084020-00084275 looking forward to that we're where
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00367-00084276-00084398 things will be tied together it a little
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00368-00084399-00084548 bit more you know brings me to the
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00369-00084549-00084761 roadmap question that's presumably get
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00370-00084762-00084932 your best people working on that oh yeah
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00371-00084933-00085235 no no I mean I so look I think storage
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00372-00085236-00085426 is that sort of wonderful business
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00373-00085427-00085757 because you know data is heavy it's hard
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00374-00085758-00085936 it doesn't like to be moved
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00375-00085937-00086083 needs to be managed it's it's the
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00376-00086084-00086242 primary asset of your business these
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00377-00086243-00086527 days so we have we have you know we
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00378-00086528-00086803 release continuously new features onto
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00379-00086804-00087046 the service so you know we've got full
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00380-00087047-00087262 SMB NFS support we're adding nfsv4
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00381-00087263-00087568 support routing a backup service we're
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00382-00087569-00087898 integrating NFS into kubernetes which is
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00383-00087899-00088288 a very frequently asked response a lot
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00384-00088289-00088421 of kubja news developers want to build
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00385-00088422-00088696 stateful apps and block has a real
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00386-00088697-00088876 problem when the container fails NFS
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00387-00088877-00089059 doesn't so we're almost seeing a
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00388-00089060-00089341 renaissance with kubernetes and NFS so
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00389-00089342-00089647 so you know we just we subscribe to that
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00390-00089648-00089950 constant innovation and we'll just
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00391-00089951-00090148 continue to build out more and more
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00392-00090149-00090433 services that that allow I think cloud
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00393-00090434-00090727 customers to as I said to sort of spend
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00394-00090728-00091024 their time innovating while we take care
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00395-00091025-00091336 of the administration for them 2006 -
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00396-00091337-00091519 flora and I wrote a manifesto on storage
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00397-00091520-00091702 as a service yeah I didn't know it would
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00398-00091703-00091873 take this long but I'm glad you got
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00399-00091874-00092101 there last question Louis the cool stuff
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00400-00092102-00092263 you're working on fun projects what's
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00401-00092264-00092497 floating your boat these days my time
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00402-00092498-00092947 these days is the cloud as I said we
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00403-00092948-00093157 went to the cloud for costs for cost
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00404-00093158-00093343 savings you can spend more money than
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00405-00093344-00093484 you anticipate in the cloud I know it's
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00406-00093485-00093730 a shocker so that's one of the things
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00407-00093731-00093934 that I'm focusing our efforts on right
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00408-00093935-00094186 now is making sure that we we keep those
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00409-00094187-00094390 costs under control still deliver the
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00410-00094391-00094549 speed and agility but keep an eye on
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00411-00094550-00094709 those things all right if they put a bow
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00412-00094710-00095080 on Google next 2019 partner of the year
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00413-00095081-00095331 that's awesome congratulations thank you
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00414-00095332-00095554 you know I would say you know to put on
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00415-00095555-00095751 bow net it's great to see Thomas again
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00416-00095752-00095977 you know I worked for Thomas at Oracle
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00417-00095978-00096310 for about six and a half years he's an
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00418-00096311-00096562 incredibly bright man and I think he's
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00419-00096563-00096679 going to do a lot of really good things
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00420-00096680-00096928 for Google as you know I work for his
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00421-00096929-00097267 twin brother George and they are
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00422-00097268-00097477 insanely bright people and really fun to
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00423-00097478-00097693 work with so for me it was great to come
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00424-00097694-00097912 up here and see Thomas and I shook hands
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00425-00097913-00098131 when we won the award and it was kind of
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00426-00098132-00098266 surreal he was like you know we're both
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00427-00098267-00098566 at a Google event it was fun I got to
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00428-00098567-00098665 make an observation I was saying the
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00429-00098666-00098842 Studer in the keynote today say we're
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00430-00098843-00099071 both Patriots fans so Bill Belichick yes
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00431-00099072-00099332 progeny coaches leave they try to be him
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00432-00099333-00099554 it just doesn't work Thomas Curia is not
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00433-00099555-00099751 trying to be Larry I'm not sure they you
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00434-00099752-00099911 know share a lot of the same technical
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00435-00099912-00100121 philosophies and so forth but he's he's
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00436-00100122-00100337 got his own way of doing things in his
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00437-00100338-00100493 own style so I really it's a great -
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00438-00100494-00100706 Google great huh really is alright hey
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00439-00100707-00100847 guys thanks so much for coming to the
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00440-00100848-00100963 cubicle you did it thank you remember I
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00441-00100964-00101105 keep right to everybody Dave Volante
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00442-00101106-00101255 with Stu minim and John Ferrier is also
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00443-00101256-00101456 in the house we're here at Google next
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00444-00101457-00101660 2019 Google cloud next we'll be right
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00445-00101661-00102366 back right after this short break
AMNN6Dg2tfM-00446-00102367-00102673 [Music]
ApD7FCDczq4-00000-00000448-00000748 up
ASyKEN453AM-00000-00000012-00000894 [Music]
ASyKEN453AM-00002-00007840-00008003 so
ASyKEN453AM-00004-00011604-00012984 [Music]
ASyKEN453AM-00006-00021181-00022466 [Music]
ASyKEN453AM-00007-00022467-00024639 [Music]
ASyKEN453AM-00008-00024640-00024802 so
ASyKEN453AM-00009-00024803-00027479 [Music]
ASyKEN453AM-00010-00027480-00027770 so
ASyKEN453AM-00012-00033503-00033712 you
ASJSNNxIyV4-00000-00000092-00000487 affirmations for a healthy prosperous
ASJSNNxIyV4-00001-00000488-00000919 joyful life
ASJSNNxIyV4-00002-00000919-00001343 i prosper wherever i turn and i know
ASJSNNxIyV4-00003-00001344-00001975 that i deserve prosperity of all kind
ASJSNNxIyV4-00004-00001976-00002287 the more grateful i am the more reasons
ASJSNNxIyV4-00005-00002288-00002815 i find to be grateful
ASJSNNxIyV4-00006-00002816-00003102 i pay my bills with love as i know
ASJSNNxIyV4-00007-00003103-00003670 abundance flows freely through me
ASJSNNxIyV4-00008-00003671-00004031 i know that i deserve love and accept it
ASJSNNxIyV4-00009-00004032-00004335 now
ASJSNNxIyV4-00010-00004336-00004679 i give out love and it returns to me
ASJSNNxIyV4-00011-00004680-00005047 multiplied
ASJSNNxIyV4-00012-00005048-00005683 i rejoice in the love i encounter every
ASJSNNxIyV4-00013-00005684-00006102 day every cell in my body vibrates with
ASJSNNxIyV4-00014-00006103-00006598 energy and health
ASJSNNxIyV4-00015-00006600-00006951 loving myself heals my life i nourish my
ASJSNNxIyV4-00016-00006952-00007431 mind body and soul
ASJSNNxIyV4-00017-00007431-00007734 i pay my bills with love and i receive
ASJSNNxIyV4-00018-00007736-00008287 100 times more back
ASJSNNxIyV4-00019-00008288-00008959 my body heals quickly and easily
ASJSNNxIyV4-00020-00008960-00009063 i am
ASJSNNxIyV4-00021-00009064-00009663 the perfect weight for me
ASJSNNxIyV4-00022-00009664-00009974 i choose to make positive healthy
ASJSNNxIyV4-00023-00009975-00010159 choices
ASJSNNxIyV4-00024-00010160-00010519 for myself
ASJSNNxIyV4-00025-00010520-00011031 i choose to exercise regularly
ASJSNNxIyV4-00026-00011032-00011503 when i believe in myself so do others
ASJSNNxIyV4-00027-00011504-00012214 i express my needs and feelings
ASJSNNxIyV4-00028-00012215-00012599 i am my own unique self special creative
ASJSNNxIyV4-00029-00012600-00013079 and wonderful
ASJSNNxIyV4-00030-00013080-00013391 all my relationships are loving and
ASJSNNxIyV4-00031-00013391-00013671 harmonious
ASJSNNxIyV4-00032-00013672-00014094 i am at peace
ASJSNNxIyV4-00033-00014095-00014247 i trust
ASJSNNxIyV4-00034-00014247-00014743 in the process of life
ASJSNNxIyV4-00035-00014744-00015079 life is a joy filled with delightful
ASJSNNxIyV4-00036-00015080-00015422 surprises
ASJSNNxIyV4-00037-00015423-00015830 my life is a joy filled with love fun
ASJSNNxIyV4-00038-00015831-00016103 and relationship
ASJSNNxIyV4-00039-00016104-00016511 all i need to do is stop all criticism
ASJSNNxIyV4-00040-00016512-00017015 forgive relax and be open
ASJSNNxIyV4-00041-00017016-00017183 i choose love
ASJSNNxIyV4-00042-00017184-00017422 joy and freedom
ASJSNNxIyV4-00043-00017423-00017775 open my heart and allow wonderful things
ASJSNNxIyV4-00044-00017776-00018511 to flow into my life
ASJSNNxIyV4-00045-00018512-00018768 all right
AaeJvzdTFLM-00000-00000000-00000709 [Music]
AaeJvzdTFLM-00001-00000710-00000753 [Applause]
AaeJvzdTFLM-00002-00000754-00001491 [Music]
AaeJvzdTFLM-00003-00001492-00002157 so
AaeJvzdTFLM-00004-00002158-00002837 [Music]
AaeJvzdTFLM-00005-00002838-00004283 [Music]
AaeJvzdTFLM-00006-00004284-00004421 um
AaeJvzdTFLM-00007-00004422-00005525 [Music]
AaeJvzdTFLM-00008-00005526-00005683 [Music]
AaeJvzdTFLM-00009-00005684-00006166 wow
AaeJvzdTFLM-00010-00006167-00007920 [Music]
AaeJvzdTFLM-00011-00007922-00008553 [Music]
AaeJvzdTFLM-00012-00008554-00009517 [Music]
AaeJvzdTFLM-00013-00009518-00010232 [Music]
AaeJvzdTFLM-00014-00010233-00011118 [Music]
AaeJvzdTFLM-00015-00011119-00012683 [Music]
AaeJvzdTFLM-00016-00012684-00014083 wow
AaeJvzdTFLM-00017-00014084-00014221 foreign
AaeJvzdTFLM-00018-00014222-00016191 [Music]
AaeJvzdTFLM-00019-00016191-00016400 you
AdNI6Lnvzxc-00000-00000178-00000805 [Music]
AdNI6Lnvzxc-00001-00000806-00001057 [Music]
AdNI6Lnvzxc-00002-00001058-00001752 thank you
AdNI6Lnvzxc-00003-00001753-00002267 like poetry the crazy Whirlwind blows us
AdNI6Lnvzxc-00004-00002268-00002643 from the corners
AdNI6Lnvzxc-00005-00002644-00002734 [Applause]
AdNI6Lnvzxc-00006-00002735-00003936 [Music]
AdNI6Lnvzxc-00007-00003938-00004338 [Applause]
AdNI6Lnvzxc-00008-00004339-00004854 [Music]
AdNI6Lnvzxc-00009-00004855-00005212 my gravity
AdNI6Lnvzxc-00011-00008543-00008839 [Music]
AdNI6Lnvzxc-00012-00008840-00009062 my properties
AdNI6Lnvzxc-00013-00009063-00010381 [Music]
AdNI6Lnvzxc-00014-00010382-00010633 feel your energy
AdNI6Lnvzxc-00015-00010634-00011105 when our eyes touch so familiar deep
AdNI6Lnvzxc-00016-00011106-00011221 inside
AdNI6Lnvzxc-00017-00011222-00011496 like you were already
AdNI6Lnvzxc-00018-00011497-00011760 mine
AdNI6Lnvzxc-00019-00011761-00012281 surreal to me how you make me feel wild
AdNI6Lnvzxc-00020-00012282-00013044 and calm at the same time
AdNI6Lnvzxc-00021-00013045-00013529 but I was crazy until I reached out and
AdNI6Lnvzxc-00022-00013530-00014021 saw your hair now waiting for mine like
AdNI6Lnvzxc-00023-00014022-00014430 the stars
AdNI6Lnvzxc-00024-00014431-00015340 [Music]
AdNI6Lnvzxc-00025-00015341-00015669 [Applause]
AdNI6Lnvzxc-00026-00015671-00016115 [Music]
AdNI6Lnvzxc-00027-00016116-00016549 foreign
AdNI6Lnvzxc-00029-00020005-00022291 [Music]
AdNI6Lnvzxc-00030-00022292-00022410 blah blah
AdNI6Lnvzxc-00031-00022411-00022797 [Music]
AeQWzMS_d_I-00000-00000432-00002195 [Music]
AeQWzMS_d_I-00001-00002196-00002510 hi welcome to community hotline at home
AeQWzMS_d_I-00002-00002511-00002747 I'm your host Monica Whitesell today
AeQWzMS_d_I-00003-00002748-00002897 we'll be talking to donate life
AeQWzMS_d_I-00004-00002898-00003156 Northwest after a steep decline amid the
AeQWzMS_d_I-00005-00003157-00003408 coronavirus covered 19 pandemic organ
AeQWzMS_d_I-00006-00003409-00003554 transplants are starting to pick back up
AeQWzMS_d_I-00007-00003555-00003797 in Oregon working locally on behalf of
AeQWzMS_d_I-00008-00003798-00003956 regional recovery agencies and
AeQWzMS_d_I-00009-00003957-00004181 transplant centers donate life Northwest
AeQWzMS_d_I-00010-00004182-00004406 is the voice of the 2.6 million
AeQWzMS_d_I-00011-00004407-00004638 Oregonians who have said yes to organ
AeQWzMS_d_I-00012-00004639-00004911 eye and tissue donation coming in August
AeQWzMS_d_I-00013-00004912-00005147 national minority donor awareness month
AeQWzMS_d_I-00014-00005148-00005316 it's a collaborative effort with
AeQWzMS_d_I-00015-00005317-00005445 national organizations and
AeQWzMS_d_I-00016-00005446-00005666 underrepresented communities to empower
AeQWzMS_d_I-00017-00005667-00005961 more people to save lives here with us
AeQWzMS_d_I-00018-00005962-00006143 today is Amy Adelman director of
AeQWzMS_d_I-00019-00006144-00006345 education and outreach at donate life
AeQWzMS_d_I-00020-00006346-00006527 Northwest thanks for joining us today
AeQWzMS_d_I-00021-00006528-00006741 Amy yeah thanks for having me
AeQWzMS_d_I-00022-00006742-00006951 that's a pleasure so donate like
AeQWzMS_d_I-00023-00006952-00007202 Northwest started in 1975 is the oregon
AeQWzMS_d_I-00024-00007203-00007458 donor program correct since then you've
AeQWzMS_d_I-00025-00007459-00007721 had some very successful education
AeQWzMS_d_I-00026-00007722-00007980 campaigns and that have really ended up
AeQWzMS_d_I-00027-00007981-00008280 saving a number of lives because but the
AeQWzMS_d_I-00028-00008281-00008546 need for transplants continues to grow
AeQWzMS_d_I-00029-00008547-00008835 and I believe the need outpaces the
AeQWzMS_d_I-00030-00008836-00009092 number of donors available so what are
AeQWzMS_d_I-00031-00009093-00009333 you focusing on now as far as education
AeQWzMS_d_I-00032-00009334-00009552 goes to increase or organ donors in
AeQWzMS_d_I-00033-00009553-00009834 Oregon and Southwest Washington yeah so
AeQWzMS_d_I-00034-00009835-00010044 we have a number of initiatives you know
AeQWzMS_d_I-00035-00010045-00010367 it's an interesting time with a pandemic
AeQWzMS_d_I-00036-00010368-00010635 and we've had to kind of shift the way
AeQWzMS_d_I-00037-00010636-00010809 that we're doing things just like
AeQWzMS_d_I-00038-00010810-00011292 everyone else and so really we're
AeQWzMS_d_I-00039-00011293-00011552 focused on you know how do we change
AeQWzMS_d_I-00040-00011553-00011862 outreach and still you know do community
AeQWzMS_d_I-00041-00011863-00012014 outreach without actually being in the
AeQWzMS_d_I-00042-00012015-00012183 community it's a little bit difficult
AeQWzMS_d_I-00043-00012184-00012606 that's right so we're looking at ways
AeQWzMS_d_I-00044-00012607-00012884 that we can do that virtually and really
AeQWzMS_d_I-00045-00012885-00013091 what's really important is connecting
AeQWzMS_d_I-00046-00013092-00013475 with our community our community is just
AeQWzMS_d_I-00047-00013476-00013866 an amazing group of people from all
AeQWzMS_d_I-00048-00013866-00014055 different aspects of life right so we
AeQWzMS_d_I-00049-00014056-00014334 have recipients and donor families and
AeQWzMS_d_I-00050-00014335-00014738 living donors and supporters and you
AeQWzMS_d_I-00051-00014740-00014886 know registered donors are most
AeQWzMS_d_I-00052-00014887-00015240 important people and so how do we reach
AeQWzMS_d_I-00053-00015241-00015455 those people without actually going out
AeQWzMS_d_I-00054-00015456-00015683 the community so we've done some unique
AeQWzMS_d_I-00055-00015684-00015953 things we've done all of our trainings
AeQWzMS_d_I-00056-00015954-00016253 are now virtual and we do a monthly
AeQWzMS_d_I-00057-00016254-00016547 happy hour with our volunteers that has
AeQWzMS_d_I-00058-00016548-00016817 been really fun so kind of like everyone
AeQWzMS_d_I-00059-00016818-00016986 else is doing their happy hour we're
AeQWzMS_d_I-00060-00016987-00017236 doing that with our volunteers hello
AeQWzMS_d_I-00061-00017237-00017531 yeah it's some really fun and one really
AeQWzMS_d_I-00062-00017532-00017747 unique thing that's come out of that is
AeQWzMS_d_I-00063-00017748-00018033 we've brought together volunteers that
AeQWzMS_d_I-00064-00018034-00018203 have never met but are from all
AeQWzMS_d_I-00065-00018204-00018512 different aspects of the state right so
AeQWzMS_d_I-00066-00018513-00018742 you might have someone in Eastern Oregon
AeQWzMS_d_I-00067-00018743-00019025 meaning someone from Portland or someone
AeQWzMS_d_I-00068-00019026-00019208 from Portland meeting someone in Medford
AeQWzMS_d_I-00069-00019209-00019364 and so it really brings our community
AeQWzMS_d_I-00070-00019365-00019658 together so that has been really fun
AeQWzMS_d_I-00071-00019659-00019937 we're also you know looking at ways that
AeQWzMS_d_I-00072-00019938-00020243 we can provide that education so with
AeQWzMS_d_I-00073-00020244-00020655 our youth education not being able to go
AeQWzMS_d_I-00074-00020656-00020837 into schools we've created virtual
AeQWzMS_d_I-00075-00020838-00021186 resources online and so there's lots of
AeQWzMS_d_I-00076-00021187-00021447 different things that we're doing but
AeQWzMS_d_I-00077-00021448-00021711 it's also been difficult because with
AeQWzMS_d_I-00078-00021712-00022055 kovat we did see a real decrease in
AeQWzMS_d_I-00079-00022056-00022392 donation especially in march and then
AeQWzMS_d_I-00080-00022393-00022697 some of April because there just really
AeQWzMS_d_I-00081-00022698-00022925 wasn't the resources and the ability to
AeQWzMS_d_I-00082-00022926-00023159 do the testing that we needed to do and
AeQWzMS_d_I-00083-00023160-00023390 make sure that the transplants were safe
AeQWzMS_d_I-00084-00023391-00023705 and so donation and transplant
AeQWzMS_d_I-00085-00023706-00023933 definitely declined for a period of time
AeQWzMS_d_I-00086-00023934-00024284 and that was really hard but now we're
AeQWzMS_d_I-00087-00024285-00024506 really seeing it picked back up and we
AeQWzMS_d_I-00088-00024507-00024856 have a better understanding of Kovan 19
AeQWzMS_d_I-00089-00024857-00025142 more testing available so we can make
AeQWzMS_d_I-00090-00025143-00025424 sure that those those donations are safe
AeQWzMS_d_I-00091-00025425-00025799 to transplant and it's really been a
AeQWzMS_d_I-00092-00025800-00026199 really a big learning experience but
AeQWzMS_d_I-00093-00026200-00026502 also ability for us to come together as
AeQWzMS_d_I-00094-00026502-00026687 a whole community so all of our partner
AeQWzMS_d_I-00095-00026688-00027011 agencies so the iBank our tissue bank
AeQWzMS_d_I-00096-00027012-00027260 the you know organ procurement
AeQWzMS_d_I-00097-00027261-00027498 organization and our transplant centers
AeQWzMS_d_I-00098-00027499-00027693 to you know come together and figure out
AeQWzMS_d_I-00099-00027694-00027879 how we can work together and also
AeQWzMS_d_I-00100-00027880-00028218 educate the community because y'all you
AeQWzMS_d_I-00101-00028219-00028368 pretty much all have to work together to
AeQWzMS_d_I-00102-00028369-00028577 figure out the best way to do that right
AeQWzMS_d_I-00103-00028578-00028814 to reach this to reach the community
AeQWzMS_d_I-00104-00028815-00029126 is signing up on your Oregon driver's
AeQWzMS_d_I-00105-00029127-00029329 license still the primary way people
AeQWzMS_d_I-00106-00029330-00029607 register for organ donations is that
AeQWzMS_d_I-00107-00029608-00030041 yeah that is correct so 99% of our
AeQWzMS_d_I-00108-00030042-00030307 registrations do you come from the DMV
AeQWzMS_d_I-00109-00030308-00030585 which was also a bit of a challenge
AeQWzMS_d_I-00110-00030586-00030893 during this time because the DMV wasn't
AeQWzMS_d_I-00111-00030894-00031241 open and so we had to kind of come up
AeQWzMS_d_I-00112-00031242-00031568 with ways that we can register more
AeQWzMS_d_I-00113-00031569-00031880 people and so there are many ways that
AeQWzMS_d_I-00114-00031881-00032096 you can register not just by going to
AeQWzMS_d_I-00115-00032097-00032426 the DMV you can register online at
AeQWzMS_d_I-00116-00032427-00032835 donate life NW or we can mailing you a
AeQWzMS_d_I-00117-00032836-00033176 paper form there's also a medical ID app
AeQWzMS_d_I-00118-00033177-00033446 on the iPhone or you can actually
AeQWzMS_d_I-00119-00033447-00033668 register as well on that app you do have
AeQWzMS_d_I-00120-00033669-00034073 to be over 18 to do that but so there's
AeQWzMS_d_I-00121-00034074-00034229 many different ways that people can
AeQWzMS_d_I-00122-00034230-00034382 register and I don't think a lot of
AeQWzMS_d_I-00123-00034383-00034673 people realize that and that's something
AeQWzMS_d_I-00124-00034674-00034949 that's really important that you know
AeQWzMS_d_I-00125-00034950-00035102 you don't have to wait and tell me you
AeQWzMS_d_I-00126-00035103-00035360 go to the DMV you can register anywhere
AeQWzMS_d_I-00127-00035361-00035621 and it's also really important to talk
AeQWzMS_d_I-00128-00035622-00035819 with your family about that decision so
AeQWzMS_d_I-00129-00035820-00036017 they understand your decision as well
AeQWzMS_d_I-00130-00036018-00036206 right and when you talk to them maybe
AeQWzMS_d_I-00131-00036207-00036360 you can help educate them and get the
AeQWzMS_d_I-00132-00036361-00036575 whole family signed up that's on our
AeQWzMS_d_I-00133-00036576-00036773 family I think I signed up when when
AeQWzMS_d_I-00134-00036774-00036962 your organization's first started and
AeQWzMS_d_I-00135-00036963-00037217 our whole family signed up so you know
AeQWzMS_d_I-00136-00037218-00037448 it's it's a good way to do it you
AeQWzMS_d_I-00137-00037449-00037640 mentioned something about living
AeQWzMS_d_I-00138-00037641-00037996 donations I know the regular donations
AeQWzMS_d_I-00139-00037997-00038210 you know that I originally signed up for
AeQWzMS_d_I-00140-00038211-00038567 were for were I to pass away then you
AeQWzMS_d_I-00141-00038568-00038858 know I given you know the authorization
AeQWzMS_d_I-00142-00038859-00039060 to use my organs yeah let's save
AeQWzMS_d_I-00143-00039061-00039215 somebody's life which I can't think of
AeQWzMS_d_I-00144-00039216-00039458 anything that would be you know what
AeQWzMS_d_I-00145-00039459-00039638 better thing to do right mm-hmm
AeQWzMS_d_I-00146-00039639-00039833 but the living donations are a little
AeQWzMS_d_I-00147-00039834-00039965 bit different is that right can you
AeQWzMS_d_I-00148-00039966-00040145 explain to me how that works
AeQWzMS_d_I-00149-00040146-00040560 yeah so when you sign up with the DMV or
AeQWzMS_d_I-00150-00040561-00040848 on your driver's license or online you
AeQWzMS_d_I-00151-00040849-00041066 are signing up for deceased donation
AeQWzMS_d_I-00152-00041067-00041363 right so if you die in a manner that
AeQWzMS_d_I-00153-00041364-00041633 donation would be possible and you are
AeQWzMS_d_I-00154-00041634-00041840 registered you can move forward that
AeQWzMS_d_I-00155-00041841-00042171 donation process leaving donation
AeQWzMS_d_I-00156-00042172-00042324 obviously it can happen when you are
AeQWzMS_d_I-00157-00042325-00042648 still alive and there are a few things
AeQWzMS_d_I-00158-00042649-00042855 that can be donated not nearly as many
AeQWzMS_d_I-00159-00042856-00043179 as with deceased donation but most
AeQWzMS_d_I-00160-00043180-00043398 commonly people know about kidney right
AeQWzMS_d_I-00161-00043399-00043671 so you have two kidneys you only need
AeQWzMS_d_I-00162-00043672-00043956 one to live and so you can donate a
AeQWzMS_d_I-00163-00043957-00044013 kidney
AeQWzMS_d_I-00164-00044014-00044249 you can donate a portion of your liver
AeQWzMS_d_I-00165-00044250-00044499 your liver is a very interesting or
AeQWzMS_d_I-00166-00044500-00044835 again it actually grows back so it takes
AeQWzMS_d_I-00167-00044836-00044964 it takes a little bit of time about
AeQWzMS_d_I-00168-00044965-00045309 twelve months or so to have that that
AeQWzMS_d_I-00169-00045310-00045539 number grow back to its original size
AeQWzMS_d_I-00170-00045540-00045873 and then you can also donate a very
AeQWzMS_d_I-00171-00045874-00046173 small portion of your lung it's very
AeQWzMS_d_I-00172-00046174-00046392 rare and not done nearly as often
AeQWzMS_d_I-00173-00046393-00046716 anymore you can also donate a very small
AeQWzMS_d_I-00174-00046717-00047061 portion of your intestine and then
AeQWzMS_d_I-00175-00047062-00047289 obviously blood and bone marrow is also
AeQWzMS_d_I-00176-00047290-00047484 something that you can donate all the
AeQWzMS_d_I-00177-00047485-00047649 costs of donation actually comes from
AeQWzMS_d_I-00178-00047650-00047850 the recipient side so most of the time
AeQWzMS_d_I-00179-00047851-00048069 the recipients insurance will cover the
AeQWzMS_d_I-00180-00048070-00048387 cost the donor so there is never any
AeQWzMS_d_I-00181-00048388-00048684 cost for the living donor as far as the
AeQWzMS_d_I-00182-00048685-00048882 donation process is concerned that's all
AeQWzMS_d_I-00183-00048883-00049115 covered on the recipients insurance so
AeQWzMS_d_I-00184-00049116-00049290 if I were interested in doing a living
AeQWzMS_d_I-00185-00049291-00049494 donation I would go through all that
AeQWzMS_d_I-00186-00049495-00049689 process I'm thinking if we went through
AeQWzMS_d_I-00187-00049690-00049857 all those tests if there was anything
AeQWzMS_d_I-00188-00049858-00049998 wrong with me they probably find it
AeQWzMS_d_I-00189-00049999-00050175 wouldn't they would they tell me they
AeQWzMS_d_I-00190-00050176-00050373 found something seriously wrong with me
AeQWzMS_d_I-00191-00050374-00050640 you know maybe I'm maybe I'm doing a
AeQWzMS_d_I-00192-00050641-00050814 favor to myself by by going through
AeQWzMS_d_I-00193-00050815-00051009 something like that you actually are so
AeQWzMS_d_I-00194-00051010-00051341 you get kind of a free physical exam
AeQWzMS_d_I-00195-00051342-00051537 very very thorough
AeQWzMS_d_I-00196-00051538-00051879 is itcool exam so you know if there if
AeQWzMS_d_I-00197-00051879-00052208 they were to find type 2 diabetes or
AeQWzMS_d_I-00198-00052209-00052464 high blood pressure those are things
AeQWzMS_d_I-00199-00052465-00052742 that will rule you out you're living
AeQWzMS_d_I-00200-00052744-00052923 donor and then you would find that out
AeQWzMS_d_I-00201-00052924-00053216 right so that can actually be a benefit
AeQWzMS_d_I-00202-00053217-00053432 you know it's a very extensive process
AeQWzMS_d_I-00203-00053433-00053760 and people learn so much about their
AeQWzMS_d_I-00204-00053761-00054005 health I heard that from many donors
AeQWzMS_d_I-00205-00054007-00054225 that you know they feel like they're
AeQWzMS_d_I-00206-00054226-00054561 actually healthier after becoming a
AeQWzMS_d_I-00207-00054562-00054711 living donor than they were before
AeQWzMS_d_I-00208-00054712-00054921 because they had to you know go through
AeQWzMS_d_I-00209-00054922-00055241 so much to make this donation happen and
AeQWzMS_d_I-00210-00055242-00055491 then they're more aware of their body as
AeQWzMS_d_I-00211-00055491-00055572 well
AeQWzMS_d_I-00212-00055573-00055832 right and then you know moving forward
AeQWzMS_d_I-00213-00055833-00056009 they've actually you know they're
AeQWzMS_d_I-00214-00056010-00056231 healthier because of it they're healthy
AeQWzMS_d_I-00215-00056232-00056504 if the life which you know it's just a
AeQWzMS_d_I-00216-00056505-00056629 tremendous thing I can't even imagine
AeQWzMS_d_I-00217-00056630-00056918 having so I think it's a really great
AeQWzMS_d_I-00218-00056919-00057113 thing it's pretty incredible
AeQWzMS_d_I-00219-00057114-00057512 no I the that the number of minority
AeQWzMS_d_I-00220-00057513-00057811 donors is is not nearly enough to cover
AeQWzMS_d_I-00221-00057812-00058216 the knee specifically african-americans
AeQWzMS_d_I-00222-00058217-00058722 Latino and and others are that they're
AeQWzMS_d_I-00223-00058723-00058907 they're don't sign up as in as many
AeQWzMS_d_I-00224-00058908-00059081 numbers and there's probably a lot of
AeQWzMS_d_I-00225-00059082-00059165 reasons for that
AeQWzMS_d_I-00226-00059166-00059438 is there an effort made to try to
AeQWzMS_d_I-00227-00059439-00059738 increase those numbers of donors yeah so
AeQWzMS_d_I-00228-00059739-00060015 we actually have a national minority
AeQWzMS_d_I-00229-00060016-00060269 donor awareness month coming up and that
AeQWzMS_d_I-00230-00060270-00060425 happens and throughout the month of
AeQWzMS_d_I-00231-00060426-00060822 August it's a national campaign with
AeQWzMS_d_I-00232-00060823-00061487 donate life America mode tab and other
AeQWzMS_d_I-00233-00061488-00061703 various organizations across the nation
AeQWzMS_d_I-00234-00061704-00062015 really trying to create a concerted
AeQWzMS_d_I-00235-00062016-00062399 effort to educate our community and our
AeQWzMS_d_I-00236-00062400-00062905 nation about about this exact topic so
AeQWzMS_d_I-00237-00062906-00063242 minorities make up about sixty percent
AeQWzMS_d_I-00238-00063243-00063684 of the National waiting list and you
AeQWzMS_d_I-00239-00063685-00063794 know those are individuals who are
AeQWzMS_d_I-00240-00063795-00063984 waiting for a transplant
AeQWzMS_d_I-00241-00063985-00064366 and so more proportionally affects
AeQWzMS_d_I-00242-00064367-00064751 blacks Latinos Asian and Pacific
AeQWzMS_d_I-00243-00064752-00065063 Islander Native Americans all of those
AeQWzMS_d_I-00244-00065064-00065261 communities are more so affected by
AeQWzMS_d_I-00245-00065262-00065549 transplant and the need for a transplant
AeQWzMS_d_I-00246-00065550-00065912 and so it's really important that we
AeQWzMS_d_I-00247-00065913-00066131 educate the community about this and
AeQWzMS_d_I-00248-00066132-00066447 encourage more individuals to register
AeQWzMS_d_I-00249-00066448-00066767 okay I think it's a that's a good cause
AeQWzMS_d_I-00250-00066768-00067028 right there yeah I know that you've
AeQWzMS_d_I-00251-00067029-00067255 overcome a lot of barriers as far as
AeQWzMS_d_I-00252-00067256-00067562 fear and people and misunderstandings
AeQWzMS_d_I-00253-00067563-00067943 about about how this all works are there
AeQWzMS_d_I-00254-00067944-00068132 are certain barriers that you still find
AeQWzMS_d_I-00255-00068133-00068378 exist that have been really difficult to
AeQWzMS_d_I-00256-00068379-00068594 overcome and is there something anything
AeQWzMS_d_I-00257-00068595-00068801 the public can do to help with this yeah
AeQWzMS_d_I-00258-00068802-00068875 I mean I
AeQWzMS_d_I-00259-00068876-00069064 think there are a lot of myths and
AeQWzMS_d_I-00260-00069065-00069385 misunderstandings honestly a lot of it
AeQWzMS_d_I-00261-00069386-00069577 comes from Hollywood right we see those
AeQWzMS_d_I-00262-00069578-00069826 movies or TV shows but that try to
AeQWzMS_d_I-00263-00069827-00070356 portray donation and kind of a scary or
AeQWzMS_d_I-00264-00070357-00070756 more extravagant than it really is
AeQWzMS_d_I-00265-00070757-00070969 and so one of the things that I think we
AeQWzMS_d_I-00266-00070970-00071425 hear most common is by having that on
AeQWzMS_d_I-00267-00071426-00071632 your license that people won't try to
AeQWzMS_d_I-00268-00071633-00071812 save your life right the doctor will
AeQWzMS_d_I-00269-00071813-00071962 look at that on your license and see
AeQWzMS_d_I-00270-00071963-00072175 that you're registered and they'll just
AeQWzMS_d_I-00271-00072176-00072373 be like well forget it I'm not going to
AeQWzMS_d_I-00272-00072374-00072595 try to save their life which we both
AeQWzMS_d_I-00273-00072596-00072934 know right that isn't true but don't
AeQWzMS_d_I-00274-00072935-00073099 just have to take an oath to save your
AeQWzMS_d_I-00275-00073100-00073336 if they do they they take a Hippocratic
AeQWzMS_d_I-00276-00073337-00073660 oath and the doctors that are trying to
AeQWzMS_d_I-00277-00073661-00073933 save your life are completely separate
AeQWzMS_d_I-00278-00073934-00074194 from the medical professionals who are
AeQWzMS_d_I-00279-00074195-00074467 working on the donation process and the
AeQWzMS_d_I-00280-00074468-00074680 reason we keep them separate is just for
AeQWzMS_d_I-00281-00074681-00074944 that reason because the doctor that is
AeQWzMS_d_I-00282-00074945-00075160 trying to save your life that is their
AeQWzMS_d_I-00283-00075161-00075442 job right their job is to save your life
AeQWzMS_d_I-00284-00075443-00075631 they aren't going to take your organs
AeQWzMS_d_I-00285-00075632-00075757 and they're actually they're not even
AeQWzMS_d_I-00286-00075758-00076039 gonna look at your driver's license okay
AeQWzMS_d_I-00287-00076040-00076432 and so you know their sole focus is to
AeQWzMS_d_I-00288-00076433-00076690 save to save your life and then the
AeQWzMS_d_I-00289-00076691-00076879 other team the health professionals or
AeQWzMS_d_I-00290-00076880-00077068 the organ procurement organizations
AeQWzMS_d_I-00291-00077069-00077365 they're really working to try to save
AeQWzMS_d_I-00292-00077366-00077557 somebody else's life so once they know
AeQWzMS_d_I-00293-00077558-00077860 and once they've looked to see if you're
AeQWzMS_d_I-00294-00077861-00078049 registered they actually access our
AeQWzMS_d_I-00295-00078050-00078394 registry and they look to see if that
AeQWzMS_d_I-00296-00078395-00078601 person is registered and then they have
AeQWzMS_d_I-00297-00078602-00078886 you know the the ability to move forward
AeQWzMS_d_I-00298-00078887-00079195 with a donation process and so they're
AeQWzMS_d_I-00299-00079196-00079497 really separate processes and that is
AeQWzMS_d_I-00300-00079498-00079768 intentional right because it is really
AeQWzMS_d_I-00301-00079769-00079978 important that we keep them separate and
AeQWzMS_d_I-00302-00079979-00080212 that the intention is to save that
AeQWzMS_d_I-00303-00080213-00080437 person's life I appreciate that very
AeQWzMS_d_I-00304-00080438-00080623 good explanation because I've run across
AeQWzMS_d_I-00305-00080624-00080856 that before and it was hard to explain
AeQWzMS_d_I-00306-00080857-00081211 and correctly and you did a good job of
AeQWzMS_d_I-00307-00081212-00081412 that thank you I've had a little
AeQWzMS_d_I-00308-00081413-00081769 practice yeah my last question is is
AeQWzMS_d_I-00309-00081770-00081943 about volunteers so you mentioned that
AeQWzMS_d_I-00310-00081944-00082111 you fall in tears and you do your happy
AeQWzMS_d_I-00311-00082112-00082187 hour with them
AeQWzMS_d_I-00312-00082188-00082334 you still have a need for volunteers and
AeQWzMS_d_I-00313-00082335-00082481 what kinds of things would they do
AeQWzMS_d_I-00314-00082482-00082817 definitely so you know we have a lot of
AeQWzMS_d_I-00315-00082818-00083033 volunteers and they're they're touched
AeQWzMS_d_I-00316-00083034-00083363 by donation and transplant in some way
AeQWzMS_d_I-00317-00083364-00083594 and they play such an important part in
AeQWzMS_d_I-00318-00083595-00083936 our organization especially now sharing
AeQWzMS_d_I-00319-00083937-00084338 stories is incredibly important so you
AeQWzMS_d_I-00320-00084339-00084542 know doing things like this and being
AeQWzMS_d_I-00321-00084543-00084776 able to talk to organizations and
AeQWzMS_d_I-00322-00084777-00085016 educating them while incorporating
AeQWzMS_d_I-00323-00085017-00085265 stories is really important so sharing
AeQWzMS_d_I-00324-00085266-00085526 your story it's definitely a great way
AeQWzMS_d_I-00325-00085527-00085829 but volunteers can get involved and it's
AeQWzMS_d_I-00326-00085830-00086111 an easy way they can contact me directly
AeQWzMS_d_I-00327-00086112-00086450 or they can visit our website also
AeQWzMS_d_I-00328-00086451-00086696 outreach so I know it's weird because
AeQWzMS_d_I-00329-00086697-00086906 we're not necessarily in the community
AeQWzMS_d_I-00330-00086907-00087113 but there's some really interesting and
AeQWzMS_d_I-00331-00087114-00087356 unique community events happening in
AeQWzMS_d_I-00332-00087357-00087472 your local area
AeQWzMS_d_I-00333-00087473-00087833 and that's a way that you can educate
AeQWzMS_d_I-00334-00087834-00088058 the public yourself so you can contact
AeQWzMS_d_I-00335-00088059-00088355 us we can send you some fun swag or
AeQWzMS_d_I-00336-00088356-00088655 educational materials and you can get
AeQWzMS_d_I-00337-00088656-00088859 out into your community and find those
AeQWzMS_d_I-00338-00088860-00089107 events a lot of them have turned virtual
AeQWzMS_d_I-00339-00089108-00089405 and so there's like some kind of online
AeQWzMS_d_I-00340-00089406-00089675 component and so we can work with you to
AeQWzMS_d_I-00341-00089676-00089884 figure out what you want to incorporate
AeQWzMS_d_I-00342-00089885-00090350 into that community event and then just
AeQWzMS_d_I-00343-00090351-00090566 kind of like general office stuff that
AeQWzMS_d_I-00344-00090567-00090830 we need we need help with to maintain
AeQWzMS_d_I-00345-00090831-00091100 and run runner organization is a great
AeQWzMS_d_I-00346-00091101-00091466 way and then finally we have a great
AeQWzMS_d_I-00347-00091467-00091805 program coming up we try to do it
AeQWzMS_d_I-00348-00091806-00091949 multiple times throughout the year it's
AeQWzMS_d_I-00349-00091950-00092099 called erase the weight it's a
AeQWzMS_d_I-00350-00092100-00092561 mentorship program for waitlisted kidney
AeQWzMS_d_I-00351-00092562-00092897 patients to have a mentor and kind of
AeQWzMS_d_I-00352-00092898-00093074 help them through the process of finding
AeQWzMS_d_I-00353-00093075-00093436 a living kidney donor so if somebody has
AeQWzMS_d_I-00354-00093437-00093806 received a living kidney donor or living
AeQWzMS_d_I-00355-00093807-00094205 kidney donation or they have been a
AeQWzMS_d_I-00356-00094206-00094433 living donor themselves they are
AeQWzMS_d_I-00357-00094434-00094685 eligible to become a mentor to a
AeQWzMS_d_I-00358-00094686-00094874 wait-listed patient and kind of help
AeQWzMS_d_I-00359-00094875-00095306 them through that process so somebody's
AeQWzMS_d_I-00360-00095307-00095412 been through it exact
AeQWzMS_d_I-00361-00095413-00095703 yeah and you know you really you get to
AeQWzMS_d_I-00362-00095704-00095865 learn a lot going through that process
AeQWzMS_d_I-00363-00095866-00096348 and it can be very emotionally draining
AeQWzMS_d_I-00364-00096349-00096543 and to have that support through that
AeQWzMS_d_I-00365-00096544-00096804 process and to come up with new ideas to
AeQWzMS_d_I-00366-00096805-00097035 do outreach you know you talked earlier
AeQWzMS_d_I-00367-00097036-00097317 about you know oftentimes there's a call
AeQWzMS_d_I-00368-00097318-00097521 out to the community to try to you know
AeQWzMS_d_I-00369-00097522-00097839 find a living donor well you can expand
AeQWzMS_d_I-00370-00097840-00098064 that community even more by connecting
AeQWzMS_d_I-00371-00098065-00098298 with your mentor or going on social
AeQWzMS_d_I-00372-00098299-00098604 media and our mentors kind of help you
AeQWzMS_d_I-00373-00098605-00098874 do that and help you walk through that
AeQWzMS_d_I-00374-00098875-00099129 process and figure out you know how am I
AeQWzMS_d_I-00375-00099130-00099405 going to find a living donor and what
AeQWzMS_d_I-00376-00099406-00099642 are some unique ways that I can do that
AeQWzMS_d_I-00377-00099643-00100007 so that program in particular does bad
AeQWzMS_d_I-00378-00100008-00100209 you know you talked about it can be a
AeQWzMS_d_I-00379-00100210-00100374 draining emotional experience I can't
AeQWzMS_d_I-00380-00100375-00100503 even watch your videos on your website
AeQWzMS_d_I-00381-00100504-00100839 without getting choked up so it's thing
AeQWzMS_d_I-00382-00100840-00101055 to do we have some really beautiful
AeQWzMS_d_I-00383-00101056-00101280 people who are part of our community and
AeQWzMS_d_I-00384-00101281-00101628 have been through so much and the fact
AeQWzMS_d_I-00385-00101629-00101822 that now they've come back to our
AeQWzMS_d_I-00386-00101823-00102173 organization and want to give back and
AeQWzMS_d_I-00387-00102174-00102518 you know help educate other people and
AeQWzMS_d_I-00388-00102519-00102707 we have some really beautiful stories
AeQWzMS_d_I-00389-00102708-00102992 that we've been able to share because of
AeQWzMS_d_I-00390-00102993-00103176 that kind of kind of says it all doesn't
AeQWzMS_d_I-00391-00103177-00103425 it thank you thank you Amy so much for
AeQWzMS_d_I-00392-00103426-00103590 sharing all this information today and I
AeQWzMS_d_I-00393-00103591-00103781 hope people will be encouraged to to go
AeQWzMS_d_I-00394-00103782-00104073 out and find out more about being a
AeQWzMS_d_I-00395-00104074-00104243 living donor or if they're not signed up
AeQWzMS_d_I-00396-00104244-00104499 to be a donor to do that and to help
AeQWzMS_d_I-00397-00104500-00104855 spread the word so well keep keep trying
AeQWzMS_d_I-00398-00104856-00105035 to help do that so thank you so much
AeQWzMS_d_I-00399-00105036-00105324 thank you you're very welcome to all of
AeQWzMS_d_I-00400-00105325-00105519 you watching today thank you for joining
AeQWzMS_d_I-00401-00105520-00105756 us and from all of us at Metro you stay
AeQWzMS_d_I-00402-00105757-00107016 safe stay healthy
AeQWzMS_d_I-00403-00107017-00107916 [Music]
AeQWzMS_d_I-00404-00107917-00109353 [Music]
AffTn1qT0kU-00000-00000413-00002734 [Music]
AffTn1qT0kU-00001-00002735-00004991 [Music]
AffTn1qT0kU-00002-00004992-00005299 so
AffTn1qT0kU-00004-00013359-00014222 [Music]
AffTn1qT0kU-00005-00014222-00014447 [Music]
AffTn1qT0kU-00006-00014679-00016529 [Music]
AffTn1qT0kU-00007-00016530-00017055 [Music]
AffTn1qT0kU-00008-00017056-00017234 i don't know
AffTn1qT0kU-00010-00020658-00022734 [Music]
AffTn1qT0kU-00011-00022735-00023247 [Music]
AffTn1qT0kU-00012-00023248-00024278 start making snacks
AffTn1qT0kU-00013-00024279-00025699 oh
AffTn1qT0kU-00014-00025700-00026495 [Music]
AffTn1qT0kU-00015-00026495-00026704 you
AfnQueymyoY-00000-00003596-00005016 alright ready Mike already Toby
AfnQueymyoY-00001-00005017-00005691 Oh oh yeah coming off concrete he said
AfnQueymyoY-00002-00005692-00006773 hey sorry calling up I saw he in the
AfnQueymyoY-00003-00006775-00007109 hand hit you in the hands that's a
AfnQueymyoY-00004-00007111-00007194 catchable ball
AfnQueymyoY-00005-00007195-00007835 are you having time we're good see hi
AfnQueymyoY-00006-00007836-00009819 ray hi all right what like this wraps
AfnQueymyoY-00007-00009820-00010230 out the stock right now with the rocks
AfnQueymyoY-00008-00010231-00011187 are doing scrap the exit tripod driving
AfnQueymyoY-00009-00011188-00014152 does carry the whole thing is Aiken
AfnQueymyoY-00010-00014153-00015300 whose shocking that I don't have hand
AfnQueymyoY-00011-00015301-00015550 everybody up on the other side yeah
AfnQueymyoY-00012-00015551-00015880 sounds good no not a couple of receivers
AfnQueymyoY-00013-00015881-00017631 right I'll be receiving but what
AfnQueymyoY-00014-00017632-00018014 recommend on the camera for ten Goshen
AfnQueymyoY-00015-00018015-00018256 yeah I've noticed a fun no like too
AfnQueymyoY-00016-00018257-00018518 close like right here so if you kind of
AfnQueymyoY-00017-00018519-00018733 on telling my feelings yeah yeah get
AfnQueymyoY-00018-00018734-00018899 your it's more like if you're at one of
AfnQueymyoY-00019-00018900-00019100 the corner switching points it like
AfnQueymyoY-00020-00019101-00019268 messes with your face yeah if you're
AfnQueymyoY-00021-00019269-00019463 like here it well this is that so you
AfnQueymyoY-00022-00019464-00019613 kind of want to like get as far apart as
AfnQueymyoY-00023-00019614-00019847 we can also holding like like that I'm
AfnQueymyoY-00024-00019848-00020003 saying oh yeah just like it's just like
AfnQueymyoY-00025-00020004-00020144 kind of like this what I'm actually say
AfnQueymyoY-00026-00020145-00020318 here right maybe move over this way a
AfnQueymyoY-00027-00020319-00020525 little bit yeah Becca's my sensor it out
AfnQueymyoY-00028-00020526-00020887 come on hi alright go ahead Jim Cogswell
AfnQueymyoY-00029-00020888-00021262 play hey we do a buck with the O fly
AfnQueymyoY-00030-00021263-00021611 hello fell upon our ID on three one two
AfnQueymyoY-00031-00021612-00022012 three absolutely
AfnQueymyoY-00032-00022013-00022724 oh yeah right side two three
AfnQueymyoY-00033-00022725-00022967 so alright guys thanks again appreciate
AfnQueymyoY-00034-00022968-00023248 it to the host
AgHyUlhTUVc-00001-00003789-00004999 [Music]
AgHyUlhTUVc-00002-00005000-00005226 so
AgHyUlhTUVc-00003-00005227-00006784 [Music]
AgHyUlhTUVc-00004-00006784-00007523 [Music]
AgHyUlhTUVc-00006-00010845-00012936 [Music]
AgHyUlhTUVc-00007-00012937-00015460 [Music]
AgHyUlhTUVc-00008-00015461-00017584 [Music]
AgHyUlhTUVc-00009-00017585-00018318 [Music]
AgHyUlhTUVc-00010-00018319-00018966 [Music]
AgHyUlhTUVc-00011-00018967-00020583 [Music]
AgHyUlhTUVc-00013-00023820-00025261 [Music]
AgHyUlhTUVc-00014-00025262-00026006 [Music]
AgHyUlhTUVc-00015-00026007-00026694 so
AgHyUlhTUVc-00016-00026695-00027495 [Music]
AgHyUlhTUVc-00017-00027495-00027745 so
AgHyUlhTUVc-00018-00027745-00028839 [Music]
AgHyUlhTUVc-00019-00028839-00029033 so
AgHyUlhTUVc-00020-00029033-00029943 [Music]
AgHyUlhTUVc-00021-00029944-00030142 do
AgHyUlhTUVc-00022-00030143-00030879 [Music]
AgHyUlhTUVc-00023-00030880-00031543 [Music]
AgHyUlhTUVc-00024-00031544-00032784 so
AgHyUlhTUVc-00025-00032785-00035496 [Music]
AgHyUlhTUVc-00026-00035497-00035887 [Music]
AgHyUlhTUVc-00027-00035888-00036206 so
AgHyUlhTUVc-00028-00036207-00037445 [Music]
AgHyUlhTUVc-00029-00037446-00038353 [Music]
AgHyUlhTUVc-00031-00042940-00044409 [Music]
AgHyUlhTUVc-00032-00044410-00045802 [Music]
AgHyUlhTUVc-00034-00049067-00049989 [Music]
AgHyUlhTUVc-00035-00049990-00051888 [Music]
AgHyUlhTUVc-00036-00051889-00054605 [Music]
AgHyUlhTUVc-00037-00054607-00056639 [Music]
AgHyUlhTUVc-00038-00056640-00057464 [Music]
AgHyUlhTUVc-00039-00057465-00057991 [Music]
AgHyUlhTUVc-00040-00057991-00058111 so
AgHyUlhTUVc-00041-00058112-00059750 [Music]
AgHyUlhTUVc-00042-00059751-00060192 do
AgHyUlhTUVc-00043-00060194-00062049 [Music]
AgHyUlhTUVc-00044-00062050-00063480 [Music]
AgHyUlhTUVc-00045-00063482-00064914 [Music]
AgHyUlhTUVc-00046-00064915-00065166 [Music]
AgHyUlhTUVc-00047-00065167-00065319 so
AgHyUlhTUVc-00048-00065320-00066060 [Music]
AgHyUlhTUVc-00049-00066061-00068038 [Music]
AgHyUlhTUVc-00050-00068039-00068176 don't
AgHyUlhTUVc-00051-00068177-00069099 [Music]
AgHyUlhTUVc-00052-00069100-00071042 [Music]
AgHyUlhTUVc-00053-00071043-00072342 [Music]
AgHyUlhTUVc-00054-00072343-00073806 [Music]
AgHyUlhTUVc-00055-00073807-00074180 so
AgHyUlhTUVc-00056-00074181-00075750 [Music]
AgHyUlhTUVc-00057-00075751-00076215 [Music]
AgHyUlhTUVc-00058-00076216-00076574 so
AgHyUlhTUVc-00060-00081160-00082592 [Music]
AgHyUlhTUVc-00061-00082593-00084022 [Music]
AgHyUlhTUVc-00063-00087287-00088209 [Music]
AgHyUlhTUVc-00064-00088210-00090152 [Music]
AgHyUlhTUVc-00065-00090153-00092884 [Music]
AgHyUlhTUVc-00066-00092885-00094455 [Music]
AgHyUlhTUVc-00067-00094456-00095101 so
AgHyUlhTUVc-00068-00095102-00095791 [Music]
AgHyUlhTUVc-00069-00095792-00095963 so
AgHyUlhTUVc-00070-00095964-00097374 [Music]
AgHyUlhTUVc-00071-00097375-00097549 mm-hmm
AgHyUlhTUVc-00072-00097550-00098413 [Music]
AgHyUlhTUVc-00073-00098414-00100269 [Music]
AgHyUlhTUVc-00074-00100270-00101701 [Music]
AgHyUlhTUVc-00075-00101702-00103046 [Music]
AgHyUlhTUVc-00076-00103047-00104327 [Music]
AgHyUlhTUVc-00077-00104328-00104458 so
AgHyUlhTUVc-00078-00104459-00105551 [Music]
AgHyUlhTUVc-00079-00105552-00105799 so
AgHyUlhTUVc-00080-00105800-00106396 [Music]
AgHyUlhTUVc-00081-00106397-00107319 [Music]
AgHyUlhTUVc-00082-00107320-00109342 [Music]
AgHyUlhTUVc-00083-00109343-00112016 [Music]
AgHyUlhTUVc-00084-00112017-00112847 [Music]
AgHyUlhTUVc-00085-00112848-00113126 do
AgHyUlhTUVc-00086-00113127-00114078 [Music]
AgHyUlhTUVc-00087-00114079-00114873 so
AgHyUlhTUVc-00088-00114874-00115486 [Music]
AgHyUlhTUVc-00089-00115488-00116257 so
AgHyUlhTUVc-00091-00119644-00120891 [Music]
AgHyUlhTUVc-00092-00120892-00121190 [Music]
AgHyUlhTUVc-00093-00121191-00122566 so
AgHyUlhTUVc-00094-00122567-00122741 so
AgHyUlhTUVc-00095-00122742-00123927 [Music]
AgHyUlhTUVc-00096-00123928-00124211 so
AgHyUlhTUVc-00097-00124213-00125199 [Music]
AgHyUlhTUVc-00098-00125200-00125593 so
AgHyUlhTUVc-00099-00125594-00126516 [Music]
AgHyUlhTUVc-00100-00126517-00128461 [Music]
AgHyUlhTUVc-00101-00128463-00129766 [Music]
AgHyUlhTUVc-00102-00129767-00132369 [Music]
AgHyUlhTUVc-00104-00137386-00137999 [Music]
AgHyUlhTUVc-00105-00138000-00138387 so
AgHyUlhTUVc-00107-00144270-00145923 [Music]
AgHyUlhTUVc-00108-00145924-00147207 [Music]
AgHyUlhTUVc-00112-00163380-00165032 [Music]
AgHyUlhTUVc-00113-00165033-00166317 [Music]
AgHyUlhTUVc-00116-00176566-00178751 [Music]
AgHyUlhTUVc-00117-00178752-00178938 so
AgHyUlhTUVc-00118-00178939-00180161 [Music]
AgHyUlhTUVc-00119-00180162-00181986 [Music]
AgHyUlhTUVc-00120-00181987-00184143 [Music]
AgHyUlhTUVc-00121-00184144-00185427 [Music]
AgHyUlhTUVc-00124-00194716-00195676 [Music]
AgHyUlhTUVc-00125-00195677-00197007 [Music]
AgHyUlhTUVc-00126-00197008-00197569 do
AgHyUlhTUVc-00127-00197570-00199271 [Music]
AgHyUlhTUVc-00128-00199272-00202099 [Music]
AgHyUlhTUVc-00129-00202100-00203250 [Music]
AgHyUlhTUVc-00130-00203251-00204537 [Music]
AgHyUlhTUVc-00131-00204538-00205366 [Music]
AgHyUlhTUVc-00132-00205367-00205561 so
AgHyUlhTUVc-00134-00211512-00212134 [Music]
AgHyUlhTUVc-00135-00212135-00212948 do
AgHyUlhTUVc-00136-00212950-00214380 [Music]
AgHyUlhTUVc-00137-00214381-00215767 [Music]
AgHyUlhTUVc-00138-00215767-00215982 ayaka shoulders her family's duty to
AgHyUlhTUVc-00139-00215983-00216175 cherish the aspirations of ordinary
AgHyUlhTUVc-00140-00216176-00216327 people
AgHyUlhTUVc-00141-00216328-00216709 but she also
AgHyUlhTUVc-00142-00216710-00217330 [Music]
AgHyUlhTUVc-00143-00217331-00218382 [Music]
AgHyUlhTUVc-00144-00218383-00220252 ah
AgHyUlhTUVc-00145-00220253-00220534 [Music]
AgHyUlhTUVc-00146-00220535-00221255 so
AgHyUlhTUVc-00147-00221256-00221761 [Music]
AgHyUlhTUVc-00148-00221762-00222478 [Music]
AgHyUlhTUVc-00149-00222479-00223264 [Music]
AgHyUlhTUVc-00150-00223265-00224948 [Music]
AgHyUlhTUVc-00151-00224948-00225560 [Music]
AgHyUlhTUVc-00152-00225561-00227244 [Music]
AgHyUlhTUVc-00153-00227246-00227542 [Music]
AgHyUlhTUVc-00154-00227544-00228376 enjoy the song
AgHyUlhTUVc-00156-00232196-00233598 [Music]
AgHyUlhTUVc-00157-00233600-00233950 so
AgHyUlhTUVc-00158-00233951-00235067 [Music]
AgHyUlhTUVc-00159-00235067-00237431 [Music]
AgHyUlhTUVc-00160-00237432-00239087 hey
AgHyUlhTUVc-00161-00239088-00240203 hello guys hello guys
AgHyUlhTUVc-00162-00240204-00240646 [Music]
AgHyUlhTUVc-00163-00240648-00241432 give it
AgHyUlhTUVc-00164-00241433-00243623 [Music]
AgHyUlhTUVc-00165-00243623-00244503 foreign
AgHyUlhTUVc-00166-00244504-00244711 you
AgZ8z0nEkiE-00000-00000000-00000398 okay Saturday at the club everybody
AgZ8z0nEkiE-00001-00000399-00001015 started to dance then the prettiest
AgZ8z0nEkiE-00002-00001016-00001166 Nevada
AgZ8z0nEkiE-00003-00001167-00001655 I gotta go mrs. Edna michel teló ass
AgZ8z0nEkiE-00004-00001655-00002045 I just um it's very famous you got that
AgZ8z0nEkiE-00005-00002046-00002284 one hey hey guys
AgZ8z0nEkiE-00006-00002285-00002564 SSG is a chibi oportunidad GG favelas
AgZ8z0nEkiE-00007-00002565-00002793 gym class conversation mais uma vez
AgZ8z0nEkiE-00008-00002794-00003050 yesterday's Okies fuzzy album poker
AgZ8z0nEkiE-00009-00003051-00003278 definitely call us hours windows
AgZ8z0nEkiE-00010-00003279-00003542 personas maybe aaron fall and okay and
AgZ8z0nEkiE-00011-00003543-00003752 we to FAFSA or a moon to my su chio
AgZ8z0nEkiE-00012-00003753-00004006 Pirellis who's a poisonous fume is
AgZ8z0nEkiE-00013-00004007-00004265 causes no series ii music's part up and
AgZ8z0nEkiE-00014-00004266-00004469 dead English so para as your dad a
AgZ8z0nEkiE-00015-00004470-00004694 frontier English the ultimate education
AgZ8z0nEkiE-00016-00004695-00004927 Mortimer jet d'eau G happened there and
AgZ8z0nEkiE-00017-00004928-00005129 poke OG English clerical cuando los
AgZ8z0nEkiE-00018-00005130-00005366 zetas Brandon Wilson Elvis so apparent
AgZ8z0nEkiE-00019-00005367-00005585 there assistindo film is in English or
AgZ8z0nEkiE-00020-00005586-00005872 aprendendo call us music's in English
AgZ8z0nEkiE-00021-00005873-00006136 math SS correspondent Thiago Dagestan
AgZ8z0nEkiE-00022-00006137-00006352 she as a basically no replica Chivo
AgZ8z0nEkiE-00023-00006353-00006529 cambly part of that Alice paramedicine
AgZ8z0nEkiE-00024-00006530-00006716 screed those if this is a fascinating
AgZ8z0nEkiE-00025-00006717-00006950 video in hello song as music's
AgZ8z0nEkiE-00026-00006951-00007244 brasilia's I therefore para Scalia uma
AgZ8z0nEkiE-00027-00007245-00007520 música of na verdade Cinco music's
AgZ8z0nEkiE-00028-00007520-00007859 brasileira de prata zeal as lettres nada
AgZ8z0nEkiE-00029-00007859-00008138 English they only has let us discuss
AgZ8z0nEkiE-00030-00008139-00008432 bouquet on now so born in can't add in
AgZ8z0nEkiE-00031-00008433-00008767 our DC g live as letters yes Tek a given
AgZ8z0nEkiE-00032-00008768-00009077 yo música era das letras beautiful am I
AgZ8z0nEkiE-00033-00009078-00009455 so Miss Celeste SC aplicativo cambly ok
AgZ8z0nEkiE-00034-00009456-00009623 leg also replica Chivo
AgZ8z0nEkiE-00035-00009624-00009853 pase pase school year to jet to japan
AgZ8z0nEkiE-00036-00009854-00010091 dating class at almost ran dorky MJ
AgZ8z0nEkiE-00037-00010092-00010310 pokeball Sivaji happen there Oh for
AgZ8z0nEkiE-00038-00010311-00010496 support imagine out of the jet was yep
AgZ8z0nEkiE-00039-00010497-00010706 indeed was on tho se applica Chivo
AgZ8z0nEkiE-00040-00010707-00011033 helmet just puffs profesores kimchi data
AgZ8z0nEkiE-00041-00011034-00011249 from their quarries yet to Emilio a
AgZ8z0nEkiE-00042-00011250-00011449 parable say in town agua
AgZ8z0nEkiE-00043-00011450-00011695 vamos a shear asados eServices Karen
AgZ8z0nEkiE-00044-00011696-00011951 experiment ro Africa Chivo vs. potent
AgZ8z0nEkiE-00045-00011952-00012188 ganya Kinsey minutos services Susan no
AgZ8z0nEkiE-00046-00012189-00012401 cogeco Cave of the shadows the tallies
AgZ8z0nEkiE-00047-00012402-00012865 best video and now a certainty
AgZ8z0nEkiE-00048-00012866-00013102 I'll try okay
AgZ8z0nEkiE-00049-00013103-00013269 Saturday
AgZ8z0nEkiE-00050-00013269-00013694 at the party everybody started to dance
AgZ8z0nEkiE-00051-00013694-00014055 then the prettiest girl passes in front
AgZ8z0nEkiE-00052-00014056-00014499 of me I got closer and I started to say
AgZ8z0nEkiE-00053-00014500-00014811 it stopping Saab a little back he told
AgZ8z0nEkiE-00054-00014812-00015638 me so at this time I got Altimas Linda I
AgZ8z0nEkiE-00055-00015638-00016194 can't listen to the first part again
AgZ8z0nEkiE-00056-00016194-00016703 okay hey there Saturday at the party or
AgZ8z0nEkiE-00057-00016704-00017118 Saturday at the club so Saturday at the
AgZ8z0nEkiE-00058-00017119-00019268 club everybody started to dance
AgZ8z0nEkiE-00059-00019269-00019583 okay now you're better than me I promise
AgZ8z0nEkiE-00060-00019584-00020078 okay Saturday at the club everybody
AgZ8z0nEkiE-00061-00020079-00020956 started to dance then the previous
AgZ8z0nEkiE-00062-00020957-00021737 Saturday at the club I searched badly I
AgZ8z0nEkiE-00063-00021738-00022817 got closer and I started to say hi oh I
AgZ8z0nEkiE-00064-00022818-00023567 had a really bad English version though
AgZ8z0nEkiE-00065-00023568-00023825 there is an English version I wonder if
AgZ8z0nEkiE-00066-00023826-00024024 I translate it the same way that the
AgZ8z0nEkiE-00067-00024025-00024356 English version is oh no I like a
AgZ8z0nEkiE-00068-00024357-00024656 literal translation is like it's just
AgZ8z0nEkiE-00069-00024657-00024954 like a version of it
AgZ8z0nEkiE-00070-00024955-00025320 catch it oh my god
AgZ8z0nEkiE-00071-00025321-00026832 five little ducks went for a walk five
AgZ8z0nEkiE-00072-00026833-00027243 little ducks went for a walk Biya
AgZ8z0nEkiE-00073-00027244-00027735 mountains to sing Cupertino so no fancy
AgZ8z0nEkiE-00074-00027736-00028864 yeah Alan does no thing yes pardon car
AgZ8z0nEkiE-00075-00028866-00029023 [Music]
AgZ8z0nEkiE-00076-00029024-00029504 you are going to feel sick I turn your
AgZ8z0nEkiE-00077-00029505-00029833 mind with my sensual body
AgZ8z0nEkiE-00078-00029833-00030100 my mouth is hot
AgZ8z0nEkiE-00079-00030101-00030505 come on there's no one like me
AgZ8z0nEkiE-00080-00030506-00031238 okay give me more if that's all I have
AgZ8z0nEkiE-00081-00031239-00031616 written here but you go to the chorus
AgZ8z0nEkiE-00082-00031617-00031985 the I'll have thrown this is it this is
AgZ8z0nEkiE-00083-00031986-00032372 it I'll say it again okay okay you're
AgZ8z0nEkiE-00084-00032373-00032936 going to feel sick I turn your mind with
AgZ8z0nEkiE-00085-00032937-00033187 my sensual body
AgZ8z0nEkiE-00086-00033188-00033425 my mouth is hot
AgZ8z0nEkiE-00087-00033426-00033752 come on there's no one like me
AgZ8z0nEkiE-00088-00033753-00034358 it's a I need a song I don't know if I
AgZ8z0nEkiE-00089-00034359-00034412 need it
AgZ8z0nEkiE-00090-00034413-00034619 I don't think Anita is on it but it's a
AgZ8z0nEkiE-00091-00034620-00035096 pile of atad korpal said Swan I then all
AgZ8z0nEkiE-00092-00035097-00035506 that song you're going to feel sick I
AgZ8z0nEkiE-00093-00035507-00035998 turn your mind with my sensual body
AgZ8z0nEkiE-00094-00035999-00036473 my mouth is hot come on there's no one
AgZ8z0nEkiE-00095-00036474-00037037 like me I know that I know that my mouth
AgZ8z0nEkiE-00096-00037038-00037479 they have two identical sets well
AgZ8z0nEkiE-00097-00037480-00037743 [Music]
AgZ8z0nEkiE-00098-00037744-00038569 faster yeah talk in Telugu bubble wheat
AgZ8z0nEkiE-00099-00038570-00038848 is higher
AgZ8z0nEkiE-00100-00038849-00039328 I know can say is in English but last I
AgZ8z0nEkiE-00101-00039329-00039619 spotted that haha you can say like he's
AgZ8z0nEkiE-00102-00039620-00040093 blowing up blowing up yeah who will one
AgZ8z0nEkiE-00103-00040094-00040474 day say that there is reason in the
AgZ8z0nEkiE-00104-00040475-00040819 things made by the heart and who will
AgZ8z0nEkiE-00105-00040820-00041299 say that there is reason oh my that's so
AgZ8z0nEkiE-00106-00041300-00041713 hard I don't know nothing I don't know
AgZ8z0nEkiE-00107-00041714-00042118 one more time the words yes please who
AgZ8z0nEkiE-00108-00042119-00042726 will one day say that there is change in
AgZ8z0nEkiE-00109-00042727-00043195 mmm-hmm game GGC that there is reason in
AgZ8z0nEkiE-00110-00043196-00043606 the things made by the heart king GGC
AgZ8z0nEkiE-00111-00043607-00044263 casco is a city on Pocoyo in the things
AgZ8z0nEkiE-00112-00044264-00044563 that are made by the heart heart and
AgZ8z0nEkiE-00113-00044564-00044731 that's going straight still look what
AgZ8z0nEkiE-00114-00044732-00045286 assume I don't know and who will say
AgZ8z0nEkiE-00115-00045287-00045622 that there is no reason okay I know the
AgZ8z0nEkiE-00116-00045623-00045922 song but I don't know the title or who
AgZ8z0nEkiE-00117-00045923-00046375 is it bye
AgZ8z0nEkiE-00118-00046376-00046711 I don't know blah blah blah he's like
AgZ8z0nEkiE-00119-00046712-00046985 they you know they has the oldest for
AgZ8z0nEkiE-00120-00046986-00047356 this quarter so something like that yeah
AgZ8z0nEkiE-00121-00047357-00047602 I don't know the title or who is it by
AgZ8z0nEkiE-00122-00047603-00047983 who will one day say that there is
AgZ8z0nEkiE-00123-00047984-00048322 reason in the things made by the heart
AgZ8z0nEkiE-00124-00048323-00048738 and who will say that there is no reason
AgZ8z0nEkiE-00125-00048739-00049432 it's a classic song and who will say
AgZ8z0nEkiE-00126-00049433-00050166 that there is no reason it's lazy on bun
AgZ8z0nEkiE-00127-00050167-00050585 yeah I do think you know is yeah the
AgZ8z0nEkiE-00128-00050586-00050783 faceless tray look good
AgZ8z0nEkiE-00129-00050784-00051208 [Music]
AgZ8z0nEkiE-00130-00051209-00051776 it's a Michelle Obama and why do we must
AgZ8z0nEkiE-00131-00051777-00052173 okay yo GI rajasic you know is this she
AgZ8z0nEkiE-00132-00052174-00052355 has a progressive side to spare I
AgZ8z0nEkiE-00133-00052357-00052704 edoardo Monica
AgZ8z0nEkiE-00134-00052704-00053341 this one is Eduardo e Monica Lygia
AgZ8z0nEkiE-00135-00053342-00053897 hey bro this is what I think I wanted to
AgZ8z0nEkiE-00136-00053898-00054395 but in Sao Paulo god is a $100 bill
AgZ8z0nEkiE-00137-00054396-00054837 crazy life oh it's hard
AgZ8z0nEkiE-00138-00054838-00055161 this one harder yes can you repeat this
AgZ8z0nEkiE-00139-00055162-00055221 yeah
AgZ8z0nEkiE-00140-00055222-00055655 hey bro this is what I think I want it
AgZ8z0nEkiE-00141-00055657-00055716 too
AgZ8z0nEkiE-00142-00055716-00056105 but in Sao Paulo God is a hundred dollar
AgZ8z0nEkiE-00143-00056107-00056763 bill crazy life I never I never say that
AgZ8z0nEkiE-00144-00056764-00057032 how can I say yes in English but you
AgZ8z0nEkiE-00145-00057033-00057300 know you would never get it cause it's
AgZ8z0nEkiE-00146-00057301-00057354 gated
AgZ8z0nEkiE-00147-00057354-00057744 yeah yeah I never get it that's right by
AgZ8z0nEkiE-00148-00057745-00058137 the logic of a messy sometimes
AgZ8z0nEkiE-00149-00058138-00058454 there was a man not but to say vida loca
AgZ8z0nEkiE-00150-00058454-00058734 impenitent espero que vocês a prophet
AgZ8z0nEkiE-00151-00058735-00059007 Adam ah solvers services caranfil re
AgZ8z0nEkiE-00152-00059008-00059346 practice a wingless con profesor nachito
AgZ8z0nEkiE-00153-00059347-00059613 Jing Glassport Kenzi minutos Lazaro
AgZ8z0nEkiE-00154-00059614-00059942 cargo I sell cheap a go he poses for
AgZ8z0nEkiE-00155-00059944-00060213 ganya kisi minutos para vos says mesmo
AgZ8z0nEkiE-00156-00060214-00060450 in town a surgeon chiefs para que vocês
AgZ8z0nEkiE-00157-00060451-00060854 tang mobiles mana e cha cha
Ai9bXLluvnU-00000-00000015-00000380 great hi welcome everyone thank you so
Ai9bXLluvnU-00001-00000381-00000647 much for joining us today for the May
Ai9bXLluvnU-00002-00000648-00000862 edition of the AG sector Council seminar
Ai9bXLluvnU-00003-00000863-00001141 series which focuses on the issue of
Ai9bXLluvnU-00004-00001142-00001444 mycotoxins and they're potentially
Ai9bXLluvnU-00005-00001445-00001633 devastating impacts on agriculture
Ai9bXLluvnU-00006-00001634-00001876 nutrition and international development
Ai9bXLluvnU-00007-00001877-00002207 outcomes the AG sector Council monthly
Ai9bXLluvnU-00008-00002208-00002500 series is a product of the USA bureau
Ai9bXLluvnU-00009-00002501-00002707 for food security and is implemented by
Ai9bXLluvnU-00010-00002708-00002837 the Feed the Future knowledge-driven
Ai9bXLluvnU-00011-00002838-00003025 agricultural development project
Ai9bXLluvnU-00012-00003026-00003353 lovingly known as k dad I'm personally
Ai9bXLluvnU-00013-00003354-00003602 very excited for this topic food safety
Ai9bXLluvnU-00014-00003603-00003785 and nutrition are very interesting
Ai9bXLluvnU-00015-00003786-00003950 topics to me and aflatoxin has always
Ai9bXLluvnU-00016-00003951-00004199 been just a completely fascinating topic
Ai9bXLluvnU-00017-00004200-00004397 and we're expanding a bit on aflatoxin
Ai9bXLluvnU-00018-00004398-00004637 to encompass all of the mycotoxins here
Ai9bXLluvnU-00019-00004638-00004754 so we're hoping to have a really great
Ai9bXLluvnU-00020-00004755-00005006 discussion and so I'm delighted to see
Ai9bXLluvnU-00021-00005007-00005261 so many people in the room Lee McCarty
Ai9bXLluvnU-00022-00005262-00005381 and I'm a knowledge management
Ai9bXLluvnU-00023-00005382-00005630 specialist with the US aid bureau for
Ai9bXLluvnU-00024-00005631-00006059 food security our introducer our leader
Ai9bXLluvnU-00025-00006060-00006445 who is a medical on an international
Ai9bXLluvnU-00026-00006447-00006670 nutrition and public health advisor with
Ai9bXLluvnU-00027-00006672-00006859 the USA bureau for food security working
Ai9bXLluvnU-00028-00006861-00007043 in the office of agricultural research
Ai9bXLluvnU-00029-00007044-00007340 and policy and his work at US aid
Ai9bXLluvnU-00030-00007341-00007531 focuses on the agriculture nutrition
Ai9bXLluvnU-00031-00007533-00007838 nexus and food safety and he manages the
Ai9bXLluvnU-00032-00007839-00008129 post-harvest loss soybean and nutrition
Ai9bXLluvnU-00033-00008130-00008318 innovation labs for feed the future and
Ai9bXLluvnU-00034-00008319-00008471 he's going to give a brief introduction
Ai9bXLluvnU-00035-00008472-00008957 and introduce our speakers so Ozma Thank
Ai9bXLluvnU-00036-00008958-00009185 You Julie good morning everyone and
Ai9bXLluvnU-00037-00009186-00009377 thank you for joining us this morning
Ai9bXLluvnU-00038-00009378-00009662 for the Executive Council and thanks for
Ai9bXLluvnU-00039-00009663-00009944 k dad for their ticket for the logistic
Ai9bXLluvnU-00040-00009945-00010373 support and of mycotoxins and the cumin
Ai9bXLluvnU-00041-00010374-00010571 we know on biggest bad guy of them
Ai9bXLluvnU-00042-00010572-00010835 aflatoxin it is an important topic for
Ai9bXLluvnU-00043-00010836-00011033 both agriculture practitioner and the
Ai9bXLluvnU-00044-00011034-00011387 public health community examples of what
Ai9bXLluvnU-00045-00011388-00011564 after talks about why we care about
Ai9bXLluvnU-00046-00011565-00011855 Mike's toxins it is as you know they are
Ai9bXLluvnU-00047-00011856-00012128 hunger fungus product or protein toxin
Ai9bXLluvnU-00048-00012129-00012413 that are produced by asparagus a fungus
Ai9bXLluvnU-00049-00012414-00012980 that at that green other it causes all
Ai9bXLluvnU-00050-00012981-00013237 the damages the insect damage drought
Ai9bXLluvnU-00051-00013238-00013397 high temperature
Ai9bXLluvnU-00052-00013397-00013571 our other stressful factor in the
Ai9bXLluvnU-00053-00013572-00013802 environment or in the agriculture and
Ai9bXLluvnU-00054-00013803-00014089 defeat we need to control them micro
Ai9bXLluvnU-00055-00014090-00014297 toxin spread all the way from the field
Ai9bXLluvnU-00056-00014297-00014563 to the table and this was the
Ai9bXLluvnU-00057-00014565-00014702 contamination could happen with
Ai9bXLluvnU-00058-00014703-00014849 different kinds of my Crocs in a
Ai9bXLluvnU-00059-00014850-00015107 different part of the value chain at the
Ai9bXLluvnU-00060-00015108-00015313 toxin also they are one of the most
Ai9bXLluvnU-00061-00015315-00015580 potent carcinogens that caused very
Ai9bXLluvnU-00062-00015581-00015863 really very bad case of liver cancer or
Ai9bXLluvnU-00063-00015863-00016219 he bachelor carcinoma also aflatoxin a
Ai9bXLluvnU-00064-00016220-00016424 lot of reservation studies in humans
Ai9bXLluvnU-00065-00016425-00016711 have been associated aflatoxin with up
Ai9bXLluvnU-00066-00016712-00016925 to thirty five percent of something a
Ai9bXLluvnU-00067-00016926-00017177 lot of researches in still need is in
Ai9bXLluvnU-00068-00017178-00017489 order to approve the evidence to saudi
Ai9bXLluvnU-00069-00017490-00017728 casual linkages between hunting and
Ai9bXLluvnU-00070-00017729-00018050 aflatoxin or mycotoxin but based on
Ai9bXLluvnU-00071-00018051-00018365 animal studies showed that aflatoxin
Ai9bXLluvnU-00072-00018366-00018590 cause a pistol lost congenital
Ai9bXLluvnU-00073-00018591-00018761 malformation in territory growth
Ai9bXLluvnU-00074-00018762-00019097 retardation and infant death in animal
Ai9bXLluvnU-00075-00019098-00019364 not only human example of the human
Ai9bXLluvnU-00076-00019365-00019644 studies was a cross-sectional study in
Ai9bXLluvnU-00077-00019645-00020053 about 785 pregnant guineans women as
Ai9bXLluvnU-00078-00020054-00020225 paired what they found that the woman
Ai9bXLluvnU-00079-00020226-00020447 with the high score tied the quintile of
Ai9bXLluvnU-00080-00020448-00020722 the aflatoxin exposure they were twice
Ai9bXLluvnU-00081-00020723-00020983 as likely to have a low birth weight
Ai9bXLluvnU-00082-00020984-00021221 compared with the women who are at the
Ai9bXLluvnU-00083-00021222-00021425 lowest quintile of the aflatoxin
Ai9bXLluvnU-00084-00021426-00021742 exposure this is just a taste of what
Ai9bXLluvnU-00085-00021743-00022028 attraction or micro toxins could cause
Ai9bXLluvnU-00086-00022029-00022312 for human health we will hear more today
Ai9bXLluvnU-00087-00022313-00022769 about this the health impact the impact
Ai9bXLluvnU-00088-00022770-00023097 on agriculture the impact on a
Ai9bXLluvnU-00089-00023098-00023342 development what kind of technology we
Ai9bXLluvnU-00090-00023343-00023709 might need or we can adapt in order to
Ai9bXLluvnU-00091-00023710-00023965 control after toxin and what are the
Ai9bXLluvnU-00092-00023966-00024319 gaps in research and development that we
Ai9bXLluvnU-00093-00024320-00024600 need to cover and I'm excited to
Ai9bXLluvnU-00094-00024601-00025012 introduce our speakers dr. Felicia would
Ai9bXLluvnU-00095-00025013-00025250 join Liz Lee and young Bowman so when
Ai9bXLluvnU-00096-00025251-00025462 you you knew a Squatch in please specify
Ai9bXLluvnU-00097-00025463-00025750 which John you are asking to to avoid
Ai9bXLluvnU-00098-00025751-00026111 confusion dr. Bowman he is our senior
Ai9bXLluvnU-00099-00026112-00026365 agriculture advisor at the US Bureau
Ai9bXLluvnU-00100-00026366-00026735 food security and he managed a global
Ai9bXLluvnU-00101-00026736-00027020 food security programme his double
Ai9bXLluvnU-00102-00027020-00027224 Graham Elliot for safe and nutritious
Ai9bXLluvnU-00103-00027225-00027560 food and he has over 28 years of
Ai9bXLluvnU-00104-00027561-00027739 experience international development
Ai9bXLluvnU-00105-00027740-00028096 work in over 40 countries International
Ai9bXLluvnU-00106-00028097-00028230 Agricultural Research Center
Ai9bXLluvnU-00107-00028231-00028399 multinational food companies
Ai9bXLluvnU-00108-00028400-00028799 international consulting firm and dr.
Ai9bXLluvnU-00109-00028800-00028999 john leslie is a university
Ai9bXLluvnU-00110-00029000-00029161 distinguished professor and the head of
Ai9bXLluvnU-00111-00029162-00029470 department of plant pathology at KSU and
Ai9bXLluvnU-00112-00029470-00029777 he has been working since 1984
Ai9bXLluvnU-00113-00029777-00030014 specialist at the genetics of fungi the
Ai9bXLluvnU-00114-00030014-00030352 genus fe cerium and a group which our
Ai9bXLluvnU-00115-00030353-00030592 group fungus that are he will make talk
Ai9bXLluvnU-00116-00030593-00030901 about them today they are also bad for
Ai9bXLluvnU-00117-00030902-00031240 human health bed for agriculture and we
Ai9bXLluvnU-00118-00031241-00031555 should not forget about that micro toxin
Ai9bXLluvnU-00119-00031556-00032054 they are not after the toxin only dr.
Ai9bXLluvnU-00120-00032055-00032320 Felicia woo she is Joan in hannon
Ai9bXLluvnU-00121-00032321-00032483 distinguished professor at department of
Ai9bXLluvnU-00122-00032483-00032674 food science and human nutrition as
Ai9bXLluvnU-00123-00032675-00032882 department agriculture food resources
Ai9bXLluvnU-00124-00032883-00033061 economic at Michigan State University
Ai9bXLluvnU-00125-00033062-00033326 here research concerns on the global
Ai9bXLluvnU-00126-00033327-00033571 health and economic risk of foodborne
Ai9bXLluvnU-00127-00033572-00033814 and feed born toxins and the
Ai9bXLluvnU-00128-00033815-00033995 cost-effectiveness and feasibility with
Ai9bXLluvnU-00129-00033996-00034171 television to improve food safety and
Ai9bXLluvnU-00130-00034172-00034886 resource for sitting i'm pleased to
Ai9bXLluvnU-00131-00034887-00035137 present dr. John Bowman who will give us
Ai9bXLluvnU-00132-00035138-00035480 the overview and the kickstart our
Ai9bXLluvnU-00133-00035481-00036220 webinar today well thank you everybody
Ai9bXLluvnU-00134-00036221-00036449 for coming also to those of you online
Ai9bXLluvnU-00135-00036450-00036673 thanks for participating in this event
Ai9bXLluvnU-00136-00036674-00037180 it's a it's a very important topic I've
Ai9bXLluvnU-00137-00037181-00037582 essentially in the last five years again
Ai9bXLluvnU-00138-00037583-00037711 you're working for feed the future I
Ai9bXLluvnU-00139-00037712-00037907 came in put the green on this topic and
Ai9bXLluvnU-00140-00037908-00038152 and and now I know a lot more but I I
Ai9bXLluvnU-00141-00038153-00038374 think it's just all the experience I've
Ai9bXLluvnU-00142-00038375-00038782 had with various university experts and
Ai9bXLluvnU-00143-00038783-00038983 our our development experts out in the
Ai9bXLluvnU-00144-00038984-00039226 missions just make me shake my head and
Ai9bXLluvnU-00145-00039227-00039496 and and think about all the more
Ai9bXLluvnU-00146-00039497-00039704 questions that are raised in terms of
Ai9bXLluvnU-00147-00039705-00039986 how to deal with this very
Ai9bXLluvnU-00148-00039987-00040685 elusive yet problematic bioagent I've
Ai9bXLluvnU-00149-00040686-00041090 been asked to do the the overview I
Ai9bXLluvnU-00150-00041091-00041396 don't have much time and i'm typically
Ai9bXLluvnU-00151-00041397-00041762 long-winded and so i thought i'd give
Ai9bXLluvnU-00152-00041763-00041909 you the tickled messages right off the
Ai9bXLluvnU-00153-00041910-00042146 bat there in case they don't get to the
Ai9bXLluvnU-00154-00042147-00042587 end but the least three things i want to
Ai9bXLluvnU-00155-00042588-00042797 impress upon you that when keep the
Ai9bXLluvnU-00156-00042798-00043019 future started up there was you know
Ai9bXLluvnU-00157-00043020-00043283 very little work on on aflatoxin you
Ai9bXLluvnU-00158-00043284-00043478 know anywhere whether out of Washington
Ai9bXLluvnU-00159-00043479-00043873 clowns or mission funds and I
Ai9bXLluvnU-00160-00043874-00044099 back-of-the-envelope type type
Ai9bXLluvnU-00161-00044100-00044264 calculations tell me that I
Ai9bXLluvnU-00162-00044265-00044465 conservatively we've trip the law clerk
Ai9bXLluvnU-00163-00044466-00044816 or quadrupled our investments in in the
Ai9bXLluvnU-00164-00044817-00045074 micro tax related areas since around
Ai9bXLluvnU-00165-00045075-00045521 2010 and it's important for you to
Ai9bXLluvnU-00166-00045522-00045824 realize that but all those this this
Ai9bXLluvnU-00167-00045825-00046094 total this total pool of investments
Ai9bXLluvnU-00168-00046095-00046250 despite the progress we then feed the
Ai9bXLluvnU-00169-00046251-00046499 future the total pool of investments i
Ai9bXLluvnU-00170-00046500-00046766 think is is is relatively low
Ai9bXLluvnU-00171-00046767-00047108 considering the very potentially high
Ai9bXLluvnU-00172-00047109-00047330 levels of damage to health and
Ai9bXLluvnU-00173-00047331-00047671 productivity which this to which this
Ai9bXLluvnU-00174-00047672-00048002 patient can cause and then the final
Ai9bXLluvnU-00175-00048003-00048320 point is i know we have a we have a wide
Ai9bXLluvnU-00176-00048321-00048626 range of investments now with from
Ai9bXLluvnU-00177-00048627-00048767 Washington funding and field based
Ai9bXLluvnU-00178-00048768-00048959 funding but I'm going to make the
Ai9bXLluvnU-00179-00048960-00049124 propositions that it's possible that our
Ai9bXLluvnU-00180-00049125-00049334 current mix of investments that AIG may
Ai9bXLluvnU-00181-00049335-00049598 be offered it there may be kind of it
Ai9bXLluvnU-00182-00049599-00049841 the balance maybe not quite right and we
Ai9bXLluvnU-00183-00049842-00050177 there may be some kind of a need for
Ai9bXLluvnU-00184-00050178-00050366 strategic realignment in order to bring
Ai9bXLluvnU-00185-00050367-00050645 in more funds to the area because again
Ai9bXLluvnU-00186-00050646-00050906 the high levels of damage to health and
Ai9bXLluvnU-00187-00050907-00051263 productivity are just escalating and
Ai9bXLluvnU-00188-00051264-00051512 we've done a pretty good job but we need
Ai9bXLluvnU-00189-00051513-00051653 to bring in more funding to this area
Ai9bXLluvnU-00190-00051654-00051950 that that's crucial so maybe change the
Ai9bXLluvnU-00191-00051951-00052151 mix of investments so that we can
Ai9bXLluvnU-00192-00052152-00052354 attract more funding to the general
Ai9bXLluvnU-00193-00052355-00052703 sector I've got two slides here on
Ai9bXLluvnU-00194-00052704-00053015 essentially it's the laundry list of all
Ai9bXLluvnU-00195-00053016-00053141 the things we're doing the major
Ai9bXLluvnU-00196-00053141-00053312 activities and a nap
Ai9bXLluvnU-00197-00053313-00053629 Thaksin mycotoxin related research and
Ai9bXLluvnU-00198-00053630-00053879 development and they've only given me 10
Ai9bXLluvnU-00199-00053879-00054055 minutes or less so I can't go through
Ai9bXLluvnU-00200-00054057-00054272 all of these but I think when you follow
Ai9bXLluvnU-00201-00054273-00054521 up with k dad at the end of the they'll
Ai9bXLluvnU-00202-00054522-00054797 be they'll be linkage to materials and
Ai9bXLluvnU-00203-00054798-00055066 and documents that can give you more
Ai9bXLluvnU-00204-00055067-00055346 details on these projects but on this
Ai9bXLluvnU-00205-00055347-00055729 first on this first slide you see some
Ai9bXLluvnU-00206-00055730-00056041 of the major investments we have in do
Ai9bXLluvnU-00207-00056042-00056198 for food security and in the
Ai9bXLluvnU-00208-00056199-00056429 agricultural research programs office
Ai9bXLluvnU-00209-00056429-00056873 and in our sister office the country
Ai9bXLluvnU-00210-00056874-00057129 strategic implementation office mvi
Ai9bXLluvnU-00211-00057130-00057539 market and partnering initiative and in
Ai9bXLluvnU-00212-00057540-00057841 Africa Bureau again I'm not going to go
Ai9bXLluvnU-00213-00057842-00058049 through all of these I do want to just
Ai9bXLluvnU-00214-00058050-00058391 highlight first of all the very kind of
Ai9bXLluvnU-00215-00058391-00058526 exciting work that a nutrition
Ai9bXLluvnU-00216-00058527-00058717 innovation lab led by Cubs denver city
Ai9bXLluvnU-00217-00058719-00058928 is doing because they're really getting
Ai9bXLluvnU-00218-00058929-00059153 at the cut that they're trying to get at
Ai9bXLluvnU-00219-00059154-00059389 the causal relationship between
Ai9bXLluvnU-00220-00059390-00059848 aflatoxin in the diet in the blood in
Ai9bXLluvnU-00221-00059849-00060371 relationship to to to help nutrition
Ai9bXLluvnU-00222-00060372-00060820 outcomes such as birth outcomes and and
Ai9bXLluvnU-00223-00060821-00061139 this is this is one of the very unique
Ai9bXLluvnU-00224-00061140-00061337 projects that we have in this area and
Ai9bXLluvnU-00225-00061338-00061475 i'm going to make some comments on it
Ai9bXLluvnU-00226-00061476-00061697 later it's very important we have we
Ai9bXLluvnU-00227-00061698-00061862 have a suite of breeding projects both
Ai9bXLluvnU-00228-00061863-00062087 conventional and and and
Ai9bXLluvnU-00229-00062088-00062354 non-conventional some in collaboration
Ai9bXLluvnU-00230-00062354-00062605 with the USDA others in collaboration
Ai9bXLluvnU-00231-00062607-00062804 with the private sector this is
Ai9bXLluvnU-00232-00062804-00062945 conventional marker-assisted breeding
Ai9bXLluvnU-00233-00062946-00063371 and this is a ir and a breeding i also
Ai9bXLluvnU-00234-00063372-00063833 want to highlight the really good work
Ai9bXLluvnU-00235-00063834-00064136 that are in our sister office in terms
Ai9bXLluvnU-00236-00064137-00064316 of the capacity-building work at the
Ai9bXLluvnU-00237-00064316-00064640 trade hubs and and support to the
Ai9bXLluvnU-00238-00064641-00065069 partnership for aflatoxin and control
Ai9bXLluvnU-00239-00065070-00065333 for africa support to the secretariat
Ai9bXLluvnU-00240-00065334-00065615 this distance coming a lot of support
Ai9bXLluvnU-00241-00065616-00065885 coming out of our CSI office at these
Ai9bXLluvnU-00242-00065886-00066056 trade hub is to look at regulatory and
Ai9bXLluvnU-00243-00066057-00066344 harmonization type issues in addition to
Ai9bXLluvnU-00244-00066345-00066641 basic best practices there
Ai9bXLluvnU-00245-00066642-00066824 very concerned here in terms of raising
Ai9bXLluvnU-00246-00066825-00067271 awareness at ministerial level I'm going
Ai9bXLluvnU-00247-00067272-00067517 to move the next slide these are the
Ai9bXLluvnU-00248-00067518-00068056 field funded projects we have all of the
Ai9bXLluvnU-00249-00068057-00068255 all of the regional Michelin missions
Ai9bXLluvnU-00250-00068256-00068666 have been very interested in in in
Ai9bXLluvnU-00251-00068667-00068909 athletics and working on various project
Ai9bXLluvnU-00252-00068910-00069118 interventions because of the trade hub
Ai9bXLluvnU-00253-00069119-00069317 presence and and this is an issue which
Ai9bXLluvnU-00254-00069318-00070125 essentially is very instrumental in
Ai9bXLluvnU-00255-00070126-00070369 stopping essentially the robustness of
Ai9bXLluvnU-00256-00070370-00070713 trade of grains in the region because of
Ai9bXLluvnU-00257-00070714-00070934 standards that are not that are not
Ai9bXLluvnU-00258-00070935-00071321 harmonized so the africa regional
Ai9bXLluvnU-00259-00071322-00071650 mission hasn't appear project which is I
Ai9bXLluvnU-00260-00071651-00071869 think it's just ending now but it it's
Ai9bXLluvnU-00261-00071870-00072057 been extremely instrumental in in
Ai9bXLluvnU-00262-00072058-00072449 working on these regional issues and
Ai9bXLluvnU-00263-00072450-00072734 then we have a suite of projects that
Ai9bXLluvnU-00264-00072735-00073144 are focused on biological control of the
Ai9bXLluvnU-00265-00073145-00073523 fungus to the use of that eight
Ai9bXLluvnU-00266-00073524-00073730 toxigenic strange you'll hear more about
Ai9bXLluvnU-00267-00073731-00073894 that from the technical experts later
Ai9bXLluvnU-00268-00073895-00074273 but pretty robust funding out of Zambia
Ai9bXLluvnU-00269-00074274-00074609 Mozambique Rwanda and then Tanzania
Ai9bXLluvnU-00270-00074610-00074875 several years ago put out a very very
Ai9bXLluvnU-00271-00074876-00075244 impressive you know prevalent study on
Ai9bXLluvnU-00272-00075245-00075631 the prevalence of alpha toxin mycotoxin
Ai9bXLluvnU-00273-00075632-00076055 in the marketplace so again my my my
Ai9bXLluvnU-00274-00076056-00076247 back-of-the-envelope estimates is that
Ai9bXLluvnU-00275-00076248-00076604 in 2014 we're at around 20 million per
Ai9bXLluvnU-00276-00076605-00076787 year and when we first started and
Ai9bXLluvnU-00277-00076788-00076937 create the future making only 225
Ai9bXLluvnU-00278-00076938-00077300 million per year and I can assure you
Ai9bXLluvnU-00279-00077301-00077522 that in 2015 there's no one's going to
Ai9bXLluvnU-00280-00077523-00077993 jump quite a bit what are mycotoxins
Ai9bXLluvnU-00281-00077994-00078406 well I met quickly went over that just I
Ai9bXLluvnU-00282-00078407-00078607 think you mentioned all this the
Ai9bXLluvnU-00283-00078608-00078830 important thing to realize if you're not
Ai9bXLluvnU-00284-00078831-00078973 too familiar with the field is that
Ai9bXLluvnU-00285-00078974-00079361 Apple toxins are not fungi they are they
Ai9bXLluvnU-00286-00079362-00079592 are they are metabolites or can almost
Ai9bXLluvnU-00287-00079593-00079873 call them poisons produced by fungi
Ai9bXLluvnU-00288-00079874-00079982 highly
Ai9bXLluvnU-00289-00079983-00080357 carcinogenic acutely toxic at times but
Ai9bXLluvnU-00290-00080358-00080639 I'll actually do what worries me more is
Ai9bXLluvnU-00291-00080640-00080981 this insidious low these chronic levels
Ai9bXLluvnU-00292-00080982-00081412 of aflatoxin in the maze consuming
Ai9bXLluvnU-00293-00081413-00081602 beneficiaries that we work with in many
Ai9bXLluvnU-00294-00081603-00081839 of the feed the future countries maze
Ai9bXLluvnU-00295-00081840-00082364 and groundnuts I was asked to say why
Ai9bXLluvnU-00296-00082365-00082844 does USAID care about mycotoxins well
Ai9bXLluvnU-00297-00082845-00083309 when I started to think about this when
Ai9bXLluvnU-00298-00083310-00083528 we look at that very high level of value
Ai9bXLluvnU-00299-00083529-00083738 chain investments that we have in feed
Ai9bXLluvnU-00300-00083739-00083936 the future from the get-go in maislin
Ai9bXLluvnU-00301-00083937-00084089 ground that's right i think this is one
Ai9bXLluvnU-00302-00084090-00084326 of the actual the primary reasons if we
Ai9bXLluvnU-00303-00084327-00084572 didn't have so much work coming out of
Ai9bXLluvnU-00304-00084573-00084929 our missions value chain type work and
Ai9bXLluvnU-00305-00084930-00085166 associated work in maize and ground that
Ai9bXLluvnU-00306-00085167-00085373 we probably wouldn't be doing much at
Ai9bXLluvnU-00307-00085374-00085613 all of an alpha toxin quite quite
Ai9bXLluvnU-00308-00085614-00085877 frankly so just just highlighting here
Ai9bXLluvnU-00309-00085878-00086165 you know mais value chains extremely
Ai9bXLluvnU-00310-00086166-00086368 important Kenda Uganda Tanzania Rwanda
Ai9bXLluvnU-00311-00086369-00086786 Ethiopia their BIA DRC east out of the
Ai9bXLluvnU-00312-00086787-00087029 regional mission Ghana Senegal West
Ai9bXLluvnU-00313-00087030-00087260 Africa Nepal hay de Guatemala and
Ai9bXLluvnU-00314-00087261-00087596 Honduras ground are extremely important
Ai9bXLluvnU-00315-00087597-00087923 in Malawi Zambia Mozambique so even if
Ai9bXLluvnU-00316-00087924-00088085 you knock out the interest that the
Ai9bXLluvnU-00317-00088086-00088669 regional missions have in in in maize
Ai9bXLluvnU-00318-00088670-00088892 you're talking about you're talking
Ai9bXLluvnU-00319-00088893-00089141 about two commodities that are in
Ai9bXLluvnU-00320-00089142-00089351 proximate league notes of high-level
Ai9bXLluvnU-00321-00089352-00089573 important and seventy percent of our of
Ai9bXLluvnU-00322-00089574-00089810 our feed the future missions and this in
Ai9bXLluvnU-00323-00089811-00090167 this this is a this is a big problem in
Ai9bXLluvnU-00324-00090168-00090404 maize and ground-up that just can't be
Ai9bXLluvnU-00325-00090405-00091052 avoided another aspect is over the last
Ai9bXLluvnU-00326-00091053-00091373 five years will feed the future has gone
Ai9bXLluvnU-00327-00091374-00091583 down the road of more attention and more
Ai9bXLluvnU-00328-00091584-00091709 funding in the in the area of
Ai9bXLluvnU-00329-00091710-00092051 post-harvest loss it was year one and
Ai9bXLluvnU-00330-00092052-00092231 year two of feed the future there was
Ai9bXLluvnU-00331-00092232-00092381 virtually nothing now there's quite a
Ai9bXLluvnU-00332-00092382-00092588 bit of interest and investment and
Ai9bXLluvnU-00333-00092589-00092816 essentially this whole mycotoxin problem
Ai9bXLluvnU-00334-00092817-00093112 is a post-harvest loss problem
Ai9bXLluvnU-00335-00093113-00093434 so you get lots of productivity loss of
Ai9bXLluvnU-00336-00093435-00093679 quality and the loss of the ability to
Ai9bXLluvnU-00337-00093680-00094024 trade robustly and grains across across
Ai9bXLluvnU-00338-00094025-00094342 the regions and finally you have these
Ai9bXLluvnU-00339-00094343-00094582 these basic human health impacts which I
Ai9bXLluvnU-00340-00094583-00094753 think that the technical experts will
Ai9bXLluvnU-00341-00094754-00095140 will go into more detail stunting immune
Ai9bXLluvnU-00342-00095141-00095413 system suppression carcinogenic effects
Ai9bXLluvnU-00343-00095414-00095751 and acute toxicity and death so
Ai9bXLluvnU-00344-00095752-00096078 essentially this is an agricultural
Ai9bXLluvnU-00345-00096079-00096415 problem that causing severe you know
Ai9bXLluvnU-00346-00096416-00097003 human health problems the what's what's
Ai9bXLluvnU-00347-00097004-00097135 kind of interesting about that statement
Ai9bXLluvnU-00348-00097136-00097366 is you know I really think it's one of
Ai9bXLluvnU-00349-00097367-00097678 this just this is the found this is the
Ai9bXLluvnU-00350-00097679-00098185 foundational or seminal rationale behind
Ai9bXLluvnU-00351-00098186-00098350 Feed the Future a new kind of
Ai9bXLluvnU-00352-00098351-00098696 Agriculture that essentially is half in
Ai9bXLluvnU-00353-00098697-00099016 order to make proper agricultural proper
Ai9bXLluvnU-00354-00099017-00099481 impact in in feed the future our
Ai9bXLluvnU-00355-00099482-00099732 agricultural interventions have to have
Ai9bXLluvnU-00356-00099733-00100048 a very positive impact on health and
Ai9bXLluvnU-00357-00100049-00100381 nutrition parameters and this is exactly
Ai9bXLluvnU-00358-00100382-00100638 what research in the area of mycotoxins
Ai9bXLluvnU-00359-00100639-00100981 is accomplishing its foundational and I
Ai9bXLluvnU-00360-00100982-00101200 really don't think much of anything
Ai9bXLluvnU-00361-00101201-00101347 represents this interface between
Ai9bXLluvnU-00362-00101348-00101575 agriculture and nutrition better than
Ai9bXLluvnU-00363-00101576-00101840 than the aflatoxin issue if you
Ai9bXLluvnU-00364-00101841-00102140 eliminate or mitigate alpha toxin you
Ai9bXLluvnU-00365-00102141-00102331 know highly in the in the AG value chain
Ai9bXLluvnU-00366-00102332-00102660 you will have a significant positive
Ai9bXLluvnU-00367-00102661-00102900 outcomes in nutrition and health and
Ai9bXLluvnU-00368-00102901-00103247 this is essentially the perfect type of
Ai9bXLluvnU-00369-00103248-00103423 subject matter that key the future was
Ai9bXLluvnU-00370-00103424-00104147 conceptually designed to work on so some
Ai9bXLluvnU-00371-00104148-00104364 quick conclusions about aflatoxin
Ai9bXLluvnU-00372-00104365-00104626 aflatoxin three staple foods would be an
Ai9bXLluvnU-00373-00104627-00104809 agricultural result with huge
Ai9bXLluvnU-00374-00104810-00104999 nutritional outcomes so why are the
Ai9bXLluvnU-00375-00105000-00105229 funding levels so relatively low for
Ai9bXLluvnU-00376-00105230-00105422 such a pervasive and important problem
Ai9bXLluvnU-00377-00105423-00105869 in a nutshell one I think you notice the
Ai9bXLluvnU-00378-00105870-00106150 global health community is not convinced
Ai9bXLluvnU-00379-00106151-00106446 that it's a priority equal to that
Ai9bXLluvnU-00380-00106447-00106644 maternal and child health diarrheal
Ai9bXLluvnU-00381-00106645-00106970 diseases pulmonary diseases malaria HIV
Ai9bXLluvnU-00382-00106971-00107234 they don't feel that it's really a
Ai9bXLluvnU-00383-00107235-00107531 primary killer so they they they
Ai9bXLluvnU-00384-00107532-00107775 sideline it but they it is an
Ai9bXLluvnU-00385-00107776-00108057 accelerator but they I think global
Ai9bXLluvnU-00386-00108058-00108327 health community want some more robust
Ai9bXLluvnU-00387-00108328-00108582 and convincing evidence base that that
Ai9bXLluvnU-00388-00108583-00109131 it's an equal opportunity killer and we
Ai9bXLluvnU-00389-00109132-00109361 don't have that base just yet another
Ai9bXLluvnU-00390-00109363-00109577 important conclusion that I think in
Ai9bXLluvnU-00391-00109578-00109733 order to come up with game-changing
Ai9bXLluvnU-00392-00109734-00109985 solutions in this area with the
Ai9bXLluvnU-00393-00109986-00110202 solutions have to be regional both some
Ai9bXLluvnU-00394-00110203-00110435 research point of view and host country
Ai9bXLluvnU-00395-00110436-00110688 ownership point of view and any type of
Ai9bXLluvnU-00396-00110689-00110901 cooperation we have between USAID and
Ai9bXLluvnU-00397-00110902-00111179 USDA on this issue should be reason
Ai9bXLluvnU-00398-00111180-00111611 regional so we have the partnership for
Ai9bXLluvnU-00399-00111613-00111854 aflatoxin control in Africa that would
Ai9bXLluvnU-00400-00111855-00112115 launch that Dawa we have this really
Ai9bXLluvnU-00401-00112116-00112415 robust investment of the of the USAID is
Ai9bXLluvnU-00402-00112416-00112656 that the regional mission we have very
Ai9bXLluvnU-00403-00112657-00112859 strong research collaboration with USDA
Ai9bXLluvnU-00404-00112860-00113073 which I can't go into detail on and we
Ai9bXLluvnU-00405-00113074-00113274 have a strong commitment from the Gates
Ai9bXLluvnU-00406-00113275-00113607 Foundation so all of these are steps in
Ai9bXLluvnU-00407-00113608-00113891 the right direction I'm going to
Ai9bXLluvnU-00408-00113892-00114156 eliminate those those sweet of projects
Ai9bXLluvnU-00409-00114157-00114372 that I that I showed you essentially
Ai9bXLluvnU-00410-00114373-00114752 work offer interventions in these basic
Ai9bXLluvnU-00411-00114753-00114993 areas detection pre-harvest post-harvest
Ai9bXLluvnU-00412-00114994-00115309 storage processing regulatory and
Ai9bXLluvnU-00413-00115310-00115608 harmonization interventions but the one
Ai9bXLluvnU-00414-00115608-00115818 thing that that's really lacking is is
Ai9bXLluvnU-00415-00115819-00116078 is this evidence base and causality I
Ai9bXLluvnU-00416-00116079-00116274 mentioned that our nutrition laboratory
Ai9bXLluvnU-00417-00116275-00116556 live by Tufts is working very
Ai9bXLluvnU-00418-00116557-00116907 aggressively in this area and more needs
Ai9bXLluvnU-00419-00116908-00117057 to be done so I just want to close with
Ai9bXLluvnU-00420-00117058-00117351 a with what I'm putting I want to put on
Ai9bXLluvnU-00421-00117352-00117659 the table kind of a pressing need that
Ai9bXLluvnU-00422-00117660-00117906 we have and that is I think we need a
Ai9bXLluvnU-00423-00117907-00118153 lot more joint programming be cool
Ai9bXLluvnU-00424-00118154-00118623 agriculture and and health community on
Ai9bXLluvnU-00425-00118624-00118923 aflatoxin impact in this in this rubric
Ai9bXLluvnU-00426-00118924-00119186 of the first 1000 days we need pro
Ai9bXLluvnU-00427-00119188-00119397 designs operational research between
Ai9bXLluvnU-00428-00119398-00119654 agricultural and health it has to be Co
Ai9bXLluvnU-00429-00119655-00119816 designed from the beginning
Ai9bXLluvnU-00430-00119817-00120123 so we have the role of what are some
Ai9bXLluvnU-00431-00120124-00120243 things that could be worth they're on a
Ai9bXLluvnU-00432-00120244-00120492 roll of athlete prone complementary
Ai9bXLluvnU-00433-00120493-00120705 foods such as maize groundnut socks
Ai9bXLluvnU-00434-00120706-00121124 cassava sweet potatoes cow's milk
Ai9bXLluvnU-00435-00121125-00121320 attributional role of aflatoxin
Ai9bXLluvnU-00436-00121321-00121473 instructing cognitive development
Ai9bXLluvnU-00437-00121474-00121689 impairment of the immune system this is
Ai9bXLluvnU-00438-00121690-00122007 really the key area what what is the
Ai9bXLluvnU-00439-00122008-00122183 attribution what's the what's the
Ai9bXLluvnU-00440-00122184-00122408 attribution of asset oxen in these
Ai9bXLluvnU-00441-00122409-00122616 problems because other things will
Ai9bXLluvnU-00442-00122617-00122951 affect these problems like parasite load
Ai9bXLluvnU-00443-00122952-00123246 pesticide other toxins in the
Ai9bXLluvnU-00444-00123247-00123624 environment but what specifically is the
Ai9bXLluvnU-00445-00123625-00123771 app is the attributional role of
Ai9bXLluvnU-00446-00123772-00124113 aflatoxin and and if we can we can
Ai9bXLluvnU-00447-00124114-00124617 quantify it as being an extrude of
Ai9bXLluvnU-00448-00124618-00124835 exploring significance we can therefore
Ai9bXLluvnU-00449-00124836-00125009 maybe convince the health community to
Ai9bXLluvnU-00450-00125010-00125322 put more dollars in so the premise for
Ai9bXLluvnU-00451-00125323-00125508 discussion that I want to have is we
Ai9bXLluvnU-00452-00125508-00125748 should maybe think about and I'm this
Ai9bXLluvnU-00453-00125749-00125909 isn't my mantra or anything I just
Ai9bXLluvnU-00454-00125910-00126057 putting it on the table for a discussion
Ai9bXLluvnU-00455-00126058-00126291 point but we should probably find much
Ai9bXLluvnU-00456-00126292-00126573 more work on the evidence base and less
Ai9bXLluvnU-00457-00126574-00126771 on agricultural best practices such as
Ai9bXLluvnU-00458-00126772-00126981 the breeding storage structures the
Ai9bXLluvnU-00459-00126982-00127371 biological control and so the
Ai9bXLluvnU-00460-00127372-00127671 proposition is that if we do them we do
Ai9bXLluvnU-00461-00127672-00127926 that kind of work more donor and
Ai9bXLluvnU-00462-00127927-00128082 ministerial funding that is how
Ai9bXLluvnU-00463-00128083-00128244 sensitive will roll in at much higher
Ai9bXLluvnU-00464-00128245-00128561 levels of magnitude and then if that
Ai9bXLluvnU-00465-00128563-00128861 does happen we can ultimately be those
Ai9bXLluvnU-00466-00128863-00129057 investments can also immediately be
Ai9bXLluvnU-00467-00129058-00129348 reapplied to these AG agricultural best
Ai9bXLluvnU-00468-00129349-00129458 practice interventions which were
Ai9bXLluvnU-00469-00129459-00129809 already doing that at a low level so so
Ai9bXLluvnU-00470-00129810-00130010 more more funding on the evidence base
Ai9bXLluvnU-00471-00130011-00130208 will reel in more money that can be
Ai9bXLluvnU-00472-00130209-00130539 applied to to AG interventions that can
Ai9bXLluvnU-00473-00130540-00130920 be more robustly apply so this is a
Ai9bXLluvnU-00474-00130921-00131238 question of balance we may have a poor
Ai9bXLluvnU-00475-00131239-00131361 balance in what we're doing right now
Ai9bXLluvnU-00476-00131362-00131621 not enough on these health linkages
Ai9bXLluvnU-00477-00131622-00131925 which we need to build the evidence base
Ai9bXLluvnU-00478-00131926-00132366 and so possibly we should think about
Ai9bXLluvnU-00479-00132367-00132588 changing that bounce oh that's just
Ai9bXLluvnU-00480-00132589-00132780 something we may agree or disagree with
Ai9bXLluvnU-00481-00132781-00132969 and I hope it comes up in the discussion
Ai9bXLluvnU-00482-00132970-00133757 thank you
Ai9bXLluvnU-00483-00133758-00133998 thank you John and now we'll have dr.
Ai9bXLluvnU-00484-00133999-00134244 Woods to talk a little bit about the
Ai9bXLluvnU-00485-00134245-00134988 fungus and the health impact thank you
Ai9bXLluvnU-00486-00134989-00135203 Dr Kaplan and dr. Bowman it's a pleasure
Ai9bXLluvnU-00487-00135204-00135389 to have the chance to come here and talk
Ai9bXLluvnU-00488-00135390-00135675 with you about aflatoxin which is my
Ai9bXLluvnU-00489-00135676-00135914 main area of research and an area that's
Ai9bXLluvnU-00490-00135915-00136079 just fascinating if you should try to
Ai9bXLluvnU-00491-00136080-00136323 think about a new area to go into what
Ai9bXLluvnU-00492-00136324-00136500 dr. Bowman had mentioned about the link
Ai9bXLluvnU-00493-00136501-00136659 between agriculture and health is
Ai9bXLluvnU-00494-00136660-00136976 absolutely true in the case of aflatoxin
Ai9bXLluvnU-00495-00136977-00137151 in our food supply this is an
Ai9bXLluvnU-00496-00137152-00137325 agricultural problem that has severe
Ai9bXLluvnU-00497-00137326-00137571 human health impacts particularly in
Ai9bXLluvnU-00498-00137572-00137741 sub-saharan Africa and East and
Ai9bXLluvnU-00499-00137742-00138063 Southeast Asia so rather than go over
Ai9bXLluvnU-00500-00138064-00138300 again some of the points that um dr.
Ai9bXLluvnU-00501-00138301-00138476 Bowman had already brought up about the
Ai9bXLluvnU-00502-00138477-00138701 fun G that produce it what I want to
Ai9bXLluvnU-00503-00138702-00138977 emphasize again in this slide are the
Ai9bXLluvnU-00504-00138978-00139263 human health effects on the liver cancer
Ai9bXLluvnU-00505-00139264-00139526 is the one that we first knew about 50
Ai9bXLluvnU-00506-00139527-00139671 years ago being associated with
Ai9bXLluvnU-00507-00139672-00139964 aflatoxin in both humans and an animal a
Ai9bXLluvnU-00508-00139965-00140165 variety of animal species we saw that
Ai9bXLluvnU-00509-00140166-00140385 aflatoxin was a very potent liver
Ai9bXLluvnU-00510-00140386-00140625 carcinogen in fact it's the most potent
Ai9bXLluvnU-00511-00140626-00140838 naturally known human liver carcinogen
Ai9bXLluvnU-00512-00140839-00141201 it synergizes with the chronic hepatitis
Ai9bXLluvnU-00513-00141202-00141423 B virus infection so if you're an
Ai9bXLluvnU-00514-00141424-00141645 individual who is positive for hepatitis
Ai9bXLluvnU-00515-00141646-00141882 B and you consume a lot of peanut butter
Ai9bXLluvnU-00516-00141883-00142166 or maize that looks like that then your
Ai9bXLluvnU-00517-00142167-00142332 risk of developing liver cancer is
Ai9bXLluvnU-00518-00142333-00142502 considerably higher than if you had just
Ai9bXLluvnU-00519-00142503-00142860 one exposure or neither aflatoxin has
Ai9bXLluvnU-00520-00142861-00143051 been implicated in stunting in children
Ai9bXLluvnU-00521-00143052-00143213 and I'll show you the evidence base for
Ai9bXLluvnU-00522-00143214-00143438 that in another slide with acute
Ai9bXLluvnU-00523-00143439-00143694 toxicosis at high doses and also
Ai9bXLluvnU-00524-00143695-00143864 modulation of the immune system and this
Ai9bXLluvnU-00525-00143865-00143978 is where we get into the role of
Ai9bXLluvnU-00526-00143979-00144229 aflatoxin in infectious disease as well
Ai9bXLluvnU-00527-00144230-00144464 so how much do each of these effects
Ai9bXLluvnU-00528-00144465-00144786 matter in the global context well first
Ai9bXLluvnU-00529-00144787-00144938 let's think about the effect of
Ai9bXLluvnU-00530-00144939-00145238 aflatoxin on development outcomes why is
Ai9bXLluvnU-00531-00145239-00145437 it that we ought to focus on this
Ai9bXLluvnU-00532-00145438-00145688 quote-unquote accelerator as opposed to
Ai9bXLluvnU-00533-00145689-00145944 possibly a primary cause because
Ai9bXLluvnU-00534-00145945-00146177 aflatoxin is associated with all of
Ai9bXLluvnU-00535-00146178-00146381 these adverse growth in
Ai9bXLluvnU-00536-00146382-00146552 periment measurements in children
Ai9bXLluvnU-00537-00146553-00146795 stunting underweight and wasting we know
Ai9bXLluvnU-00538-00146796-00147002 that it also causes growth impairment in
Ai9bXLluvnU-00539-00147003-00147206 animals we have over 50 years of
Ai9bXLluvnU-00540-00147207-00147566 research in that area well aside from
Ai9bXLluvnU-00541-00147567-00147722 the fact that it's causing the animals
Ai9bXLluvnU-00542-00147723-00147869 to suffer it also leads to less
Ai9bXLluvnU-00543-00147870-00148013 efficient animal protein production
Ai9bXLluvnU-00544-00148014-00148211 which is very important from an economic
Ai9bXLluvnU-00545-00148212-00148475 standpoint in lo-ove resource poor
Ai9bXLluvnU-00546-00148476-00148787 regions and furthermore we have pretty
Ai9bXLluvnU-00547-00148788-00148973 good evidence that aflatoxin can
Ai9bXLluvnU-00548-00148974-00149162 adversely affect immune system function
Ai9bXLluvnU-00549-00149163-00149441 now this could lead to worse more
Ai9bXLluvnU-00550-00149442-00149594 adverse outcomes from infectious
Ai9bXLluvnU-00551-00149595-00149780 diseases whether respiratory diseases or
Ai9bXLluvnU-00552-00149781-00149978 diarrheal diseases and which are major
Ai9bXLluvnU-00553-00149979-00150266 killers in low-income nations so for all
Ai9bXLluvnU-00554-00150267-00150458 of these reasons because of the
Ai9bXLluvnU-00555-00150459-00150716 contributory role of aflatoxin this is
Ai9bXLluvnU-00556-00150717-00151010 an important problem to study let's look
Ai9bXLluvnU-00557-00151011-00151171 at the issue of stunting in children
Ai9bXLluvnU-00558-00151172-00151459 this is defined by the World Health
Ai9bXLluvnU-00559-00151460-00151739 Organization or wh 0 as a condition in
Ai9bXLluvnU-00560-00151740-00152027 which a child is two standard deviations
Ai9bXLluvnU-00561-00152028-00152420 or more below a particular wh 0 growth
Ai9bXLluvnU-00562-00152421-00152648 reference so if you're 48 months old you
Ai9bXLluvnU-00563-00152649-00152795 have to be this tall and if you're two
Ai9bXLluvnU-00564-00152796-00152972 standard deviations below that or more
Ai9bXLluvnU-00565-00152973-00153245 than you're considered stunted now it's
Ai9bXLluvnU-00566-00153246-00153452 not so much an adverse thing just to be
Ai9bXLluvnU-00567-00153453-00153785 short in it of itself rather stunting
Ai9bXLluvnU-00568-00153786-00153962 that's caused by environmental or
Ai9bXLluvnU-00569-00153963-00154136 dietary conditions is associated with
Ai9bXLluvnU-00570-00154137-00154319 increased vulnerability to infectious
Ai9bXLluvnU-00571-00154320-00154550 diseases as well as cognitive impairment
Ai9bXLluvnU-00572-00154551-00154721 that lasts well beyond the first five
Ai9bXLluvnU-00573-00154722-00155006 years of life a recent study showed that
Ai9bXLluvnU-00574-00155007-00155201 there's close to 200 million stunted
Ai9bXLluvnU-00575-00155202-00155348 children around the world under the age
Ai9bXLluvnU-00576-00155349-00155510 of five and as you can see in the dark
Ai9bXLluvnU-00577-00155511-00155861 regions in that map sub-saharan Africa
Ai9bXLluvnU-00578-00155862-00156106 and South East and South Asia are the
Ai9bXLluvnU-00579-00156107-00156308 parts of the world that have the highest
Ai9bXLluvnU-00580-00156309-00156500 prevalence of stunting not too
Ai9bXLluvnU-00581-00156501-00156680 surprisingly perhaps there's also a lot
Ai9bXLluvnU-00582-00156681-00157006 of aflatoxin exposure in these countries
Ai9bXLluvnU-00583-00157007-00157376 now we have published a study in 2011
Ai9bXLluvnU-00584-00157377-00157544 that looked at the entire evidence base
Ai9bXLluvnU-00585-00157545-00157847 of aflatoxin and growth impairment in
Ai9bXLluvnU-00586-00157848-00158096 both animals a variety of animal species
Ai9bXLluvnU-00587-00158097-00158285 as well as in children I'm only
Ai9bXLluvnU-00588-00158286-00158447 presenting the data here for the
Ai9bXLluvnU-00589-00158448-00158675 evidence in children rather than go
Ai9bXLluvnU-00590-00158676-00158845 through a lot of details what's in this
Ai9bXLluvnU-00591-00158846-00159065 table what I want to point out is that
Ai9bXLluvnU-00592-00159066-00159398 many different things were measured to
Ai9bXLluvnU-00593-00159399-00159517 try to understand Africa
Ai9bXLluvnU-00594-00159518-00159775 and exposure aflatoxin in food was
Ai9bXLluvnU-00595-00159776-00160048 actually measured biomarkers of
Ai9bXLluvnU-00596-00160049-00160303 aflatoxin in maternal blood cord blood
Ai9bXLluvnU-00597-00160304-00160534 and child blood and even maternal breast
Ai9bXLluvnU-00598-00160535-00160804 milk and in every case the more
Ai9bXLluvnU-00599-00160805-00161038 aflatoxin there was the more stunting
Ai9bXLluvnU-00600-00161039-00161284 underweight and wasting there was in the
Ai9bXLluvnU-00601-00161285-00161610 children who were exposed to aflatoxin
Ai9bXLluvnU-00602-00161611-00161881 now how can we begin to get around the
Ai9bXLluvnU-00603-00161882-00162139 problem of what can we do about the
Ai9bXLluvnU-00604-00162140-00162328 aflatoxin problem well one of the things
Ai9bXLluvnU-00605-00162329-00162526 that we have to remember is because we
Ai9bXLluvnU-00606-00162527-00162712 are dealing quite often with
Ai9bXLluvnU-00607-00162713-00162967 resource-poor settings we need to
Ai9bXLluvnU-00608-00162968-00163120 consider the cost effectiveness of
Ai9bXLluvnU-00609-00163121-00163306 different public health and agricultural
Ai9bXLluvnU-00610-00163307-00163522 interventions to reduce the aflatoxin
Ai9bXLluvnU-00611-00163523-00163762 problem the World Health Organization
Ai9bXLluvnU-00612-00163763-00163951 first came up with this metric of how it
Ai9bXLluvnU-00613-00163952-00164020 is that we can measure
Ai9bXLluvnU-00614-00164021-00164317 cost-effectiveness in terms of health
Ai9bXLluvnU-00615-00164318-00164653 savings because they were applying this
Ai9bXLluvnU-00616-00164654-00164881 to whether or not to iodized salt around
Ai9bXLluvnU-00617-00164882-00165148 the world they basically said well if in
Ai9bXLluvnU-00618-00165149-00165370 a particular population the intervention
Ai9bXLluvnU-00619-00165371-00165586 to reduce aflatoxin or to reduce a
Ai9bXLluvnU-00620-00165587-00165853 particular adverse health effect if it
Ai9bXLluvnU-00621-00165854-00166021 costs less than the gross domestic
Ai9bXLluvnU-00622-00166022-00166222 product per capita on average in that
Ai9bXLluvnU-00623-00166223-00166435 population multiplied by the number of
Ai9bXLluvnU-00624-00166436-00166624 disability adjusted life years that are
Ai9bXLluvnU-00625-00166625-00166864 saved then it's a very cost effective
Ai9bXLluvnU-00626-00166865-00167014 intervention and this is something that
Ai9bXLluvnU-00627-00167015-00167299 we're looking at right now please leave
Ai9bXLluvnU-00628-00167300-00167500 so this is a list of potential
Ai9bXLluvnU-00629-00167501-00167683 interventions to which we could extend
Ai9bXLluvnU-00630-00167684-00167908 the cost-effectiveness it turns out that
Ai9bXLluvnU-00631-00167909-00168055 there are a number of different
Ai9bXLluvnU-00632-00168056-00168196 interventions that can help to reduce
Ai9bXLluvnU-00633-00168197-00168463 mycotoxin levels in the food supply our
Ai9bXLluvnU-00634-00168464-00168679 help to ameliorate them in the body if
Ai9bXLluvnU-00635-00168680-00168933 you have already consumed the mycotoxin
Ai9bXLluvnU-00636-00168934-00169225 there are pre-harvest interventions such
Ai9bXLluvnU-00637-00169226-00169413 as simple good agricultural practices
Ai9bXLluvnU-00638-00169414-00169660 genetically enhancing plants resistance
Ai9bXLluvnU-00639-00169661-00169879 not just to fungal infection but also to
Ai9bXLluvnU-00640-00169880-00170068 drought and heat which predisposes
Ai9bXLluvnU-00641-00170069-00170332 plants to fungal infection and bio
Ai9bXLluvnU-00642-00170333-00170554 control methods there are post harvest
Ai9bXLluvnU-00643-00170555-00170788 methods such as improved sorting of the
Ai9bXLluvnU-00644-00170789-00171040 obviously contaminated foods drying and
Ai9bXLluvnU-00645-00171041-00171214 food storage and then if you have a
Ai9bXLluvnU-00646-00171215-00171373 plate in front of you and you already
Ai9bXLluvnU-00647-00171374-00171517 know that there's a flow toxin in the
Ai9bXLluvnU-00648-00171518-00171724 food what can you do at that point there
Ai9bXLluvnU-00649-00171725-00171970 are actual dietary interventions as well
Ai9bXLluvnU-00650-00171971-00172234 one thing improving dietary variety
Ai9bXLluvnU-00651-00172235-00172456 moving away from the maze in the peanuts
Ai9bXLluvnU-00652-00172457-00172660 that have such high levels of aflatoxins
Ai9bXLluvnU-00653-00172661-00172870 entire sorbents that can be
Ai9bXLluvnU-00654-00172871-00173110 to the food chemoprevention dietary
Ai9bXLluvnU-00655-00173111-00173287 chemoprevention a natural time I'm
Ai9bXLluvnU-00656-00173288-00173458 talking about that can be found in leafy
Ai9bXLluvnU-00657-00173459-00173722 green vegetables cruciferous vegetables
Ai9bXLluvnU-00658-00173723-00173928 such as broccoli and cabbage and
Ai9bXLluvnU-00659-00173929-00174286 cauliflower and also in vegetables in
Ai9bXLluvnU-00660-00174287-00174481 the onions and garlic leeks family
Ai9bXLluvnU-00661-00174482-00174738 curcumin which is found in curry can
Ai9bXLluvnU-00662-00174739-00174988 also help to inhibit various enzymes
Ai9bXLluvnU-00663-00174989-00175312 that can cause um can cause aflatoxin to
Ai9bXLluvnU-00664-00175313-00175498 become more toxic in the human body and
Ai9bXLluvnU-00665-00175499-00175708 the polyphenols that are found in green
Ai9bXLluvnU-00666-00175709-00176023 tea finally vaccinating individuals
Ai9bXLluvnU-00667-00176024-00176226 against hepatitis B helps to counteract
Ai9bXLluvnU-00668-00176227-00176463 that synergistic effect of hepatitis and
Ai9bXLluvnU-00669-00176464-00176793 aflatoxin in causing severe liver damage
Ai9bXLluvnU-00670-00176794-00177037 I'm not going to go into a huge amount
Ai9bXLluvnU-00671-00177038-00177177 of detail but if you want to ask
Ai9bXLluvnU-00672-00177178-00177322 questions about them later we've looked
Ai9bXLluvnU-00673-00177323-00177451 at the cost effectiveness of different
Ai9bXLluvnU-00674-00177452-00177765 types of aflatoxin control methods and I
Ai9bXLluvnU-00675-00177766-00177943 can see that time's running out we've
Ai9bXLluvnU-00676-00177944-00178246 published recently on the link between
Ai9bXLluvnU-00677-00178247-00178485 increasing dietary diversity and lower
Ai9bXLluvnU-00678-00178486-00178735 aflatoxin related liver cancer risk skin
Ai9bXLluvnU-00679-00178736-00178897 one part of the world cheated on China
Ai9bXLluvnU-00680-00178898-00179083 this was a part of the world that had a
Ai9bXLluvnU-00681-00179084-00179350 lot of liver cancer originally and when
Ai9bXLluvnU-00682-00179351-00179545 the population switched from consuming
Ai9bXLluvnU-00683-00179546-00179790 primarily maids to consuming primarily
Ai9bXLluvnU-00684-00179791-00180223 rice and leafy green vegetables then
Ai9bXLluvnU-00685-00180224-00180526 liver cancer incidents just over the
Ai9bXLluvnU-00686-00180527-00180757 last two decades has decreased by forty
Ai9bXLluvnU-00687-00180758-00181053 five percent and that is from switching
Ai9bXLluvnU-00688-00181054-00181285 to a dietary staple that had a lot of
Ai9bXLluvnU-00689-00181286-00181623 aflatoxin to almost no aflatoxin and
Ai9bXLluvnU-00690-00181624-00181890 this is a slider with dr. leslie's that
Ai9bXLluvnU-00691-00181891-00182158 shows that in fact so if we were to try
Ai9bXLluvnU-00692-00182159-00182350 to reproduce this effect in Africa might
Ai9bXLluvnU-00693-00182351-00182538 we turn to sorghum and millet instead of
Ai9bXLluvnU-00694-00182539-00182715 me because aflatoxin levels are
Ai9bXLluvnU-00695-00182716-00182964 considerably lower not just the means
Ai9bXLluvnU-00696-00182965-00183163 but particularly the ranges if you take
Ai9bXLluvnU-00697-00183164-00183576 a look at this slide what relatively
Ai9bXLluvnU-00698-00183577-00183753 Africa aflatoxin three crops could
Ai9bXLluvnU-00699-00183754-00183934 become dietary staples in Africa well
Ai9bXLluvnU-00700-00183935-00184159 here's a potential list and we can talk
Ai9bXLluvnU-00701-00184160-00184294 about that later if you're interested
Ai9bXLluvnU-00702-00184295-00184513 but I think I'm just about done so thank
Ai9bXLluvnU-00703-00184514-00184723 you
Ai9bXLluvnU-00704-00184724-00185187 [Applause]
Ai9bXLluvnU-00705-00185188-00185473 thank you doctor war and now dr. lily
Ai9bXLluvnU-00706-00185474-00185743 just to give us some about aflatoxin or
Ai9bXLluvnU-00707-00185744-00185935 mycotoxin what they are and their
Ai9bXLluvnU-00708-00185936-00186310 chemistry okay so I'm sort of the
Ai9bXLluvnU-00709-00186311-00186556 cleanup hitter to collect the other
Ai9bXLluvnU-00710-00186557-00186682 things that are better rather than
Ai9bXLluvnU-00711-00186683-00187015 aflatoxin and so the first thing to
Ai9bXLluvnU-00712-00187016-00187363 realize is that in spite of aflatoxins
Ai9bXLluvnU-00713-00187364-00187552 importance there are a lot of other
Ai9bXLluvnU-00714-00187553-00187786 mycotoxins there's estimates of probably
Ai9bXLluvnU-00715-00187787-00187963 thousands of these things actually made
Ai9bXLluvnU-00716-00187964-00188251 most of which we have we have no idea at
Ai9bXLluvnU-00717-00188252-00188392 all what they do or if they have any
Ai9bXLluvnU-00718-00188393-00188716 economic impact at all but here I've got
Ai9bXLluvnU-00719-00188717-00189055 slides on just a few of them and so the
Ai9bXLluvnU-00720-00189056-00189352 okra toxins are also made by aspergillus
Ai9bXLluvnU-00721-00189353-00189799 species different ones that make the the
Ai9bXLluvnU-00722-00189800-00189961 aflatoxin is also made by some
Ai9bXLluvnU-00723-00189962-00190183 penicillium species and they've got a
Ai9bXLluvnU-00724-00190184-00190357 very different spectrum of problems that
Ai9bXLluvnU-00725-00190358-00190543 cause I'm they're primarily known for
Ai9bXLluvnU-00726-00190544-00190918 kidney failure issues and you can see
Ai9bXLluvnU-00727-00190919-00191251 there that cacao nuts grapes coffee and
Ai9bXLluvnU-00728-00191252-00191452 wheat so the interesting thing is you
Ai9bXLluvnU-00729-00191453-00191788 don't see maze on that list neiges sort
Ai9bXLluvnU-00730-00191789-00192022 of gets all of these things for the most
Ai9bXLluvnU-00731-00192023-00192187 part but it doesn't get this particular
Ai9bXLluvnU-00732-00192188-00192457 one and the okra toxins can be very
Ai9bXLluvnU-00733-00192458-00192739 important they're regulated and you know
Ai9bXLluvnU-00734-00192740-00192961 at at one time the Europeans Heather
Ai9bXLluvnU-00735-00192962-00193237 regulation set such that imagine Europe
Ai9bXLluvnU-00736-00193238-00193687 without chocolate coffee and wine and
Ai9bXLluvnU-00737-00193688-00193939 you know and you can see that it could
Ai9bXLluvnU-00738-00193940-00194149 have a severe cultural impact just on
Ai9bXLluvnU-00739-00194150-00194893 them zearalenone is a is another
Ai9bXLluvnU-00740-00194894-00195052 compound that's widely known this is
Ai9bXLluvnU-00741-00195053-00195250 made by fusarium two different species
Ai9bXLluvnU-00742-00195251-00195538 most commonly it's known mostly as I
Ai9bXLluvnU-00743-00195539-00195865 this won't kill you but what it does is
Ai9bXLluvnU-00744-00195866-00196159 it's a pseudo estrogen that will cause
Ai9bXLluvnU-00745-00196160-00196642 of premature development and women can
Ai9bXLluvnU-00746-00196643-00196927 cause us to relic in men it's a problem
Ai9bXLluvnU-00747-00196928-00197317 with maize and with wheat and also these
Ai9bXLluvnU-00748-00197318-00197584 same fungi make another series of
Ai9bXLluvnU-00749-00197585-00197734 compounds that I didn't put up here
Ai9bXLluvnU-00750-00197735-00198001 called the tracker seconds and tract
Ai9bXLluvnU-00751-00198002-00198205 infections are very important especially
Ai9bXLluvnU-00752-00198206-00198361 in
Ai9bXLluvnU-00753-00198362-00198656 because they are major trade barriers
Ai9bXLluvnU-00754-00198657-00199070 and they are also kill the yeast that
Ai9bXLluvnU-00755-00199071-00199277 goes into brewing so if you try to mold
Ai9bXLluvnU-00756-00199278-00199562 on something that's contaminated with
Ai9bXLluvnU-00757-00199563-00199820 one of these fungi often you will not
Ai9bXLluvnU-00758-00199821-00200000 get a successful malt in your beers no
Ai9bXLluvnU-00759-00200001-00200266 good and that can be very important not
Ai9bXLluvnU-00760-00200267-00200444 only in the US but in a lot of other
Ai9bXLluvnU-00761-00200445-00200876 places finally in this made by not by
Ai9bXLluvnU-00762-00200877-00201166 visa but as a related trico fecking our
Ai9bXLluvnU-00763-00201167-00201584 compounds called t2 t2 toxin and t-2
Ai9bXLluvnU-00764-00201585-00201860 toxin is perhaps what is one of the
Ai9bXLluvnU-00765-00201861-00202133 nastiest chemicals made by any living
Ai9bXLluvnU-00766-00202134-00202493 organism it causes it was the active
Ai9bXLluvnU-00767-00202494-00202769 ingredient in yellow rain and in Vietnam
Ai9bXLluvnU-00768-00202770-00203108 in the 70s and was also used supposedly
Ai9bXLluvnU-00769-00203109-00203402 by the Russians in Afghanistan so that
Ai9bXLluvnU-00770-00203403-00203612 it becomes a very it's a select agent
Ai9bXLluvnU-00771-00203613-00203825 United States you can't even have very
Ai9bXLluvnU-00772-00203826-00204101 large amounts of it in a lab to work on
Ai9bXLluvnU-00773-00204102-00204241 it unless you've got it under all kinds
Ai9bXLluvnU-00774-00204242-00204620 of lock and key things so t2 which can
Ai9bXLluvnU-00775-00204621-00204838 be potentially produced by some of these
Ai9bXLluvnU-00776-00204839-00205094 fungi in some of these countries has got
Ai9bXLluvnU-00777-00205094-00205319 huge political ramifications that we
Ai9bXLluvnU-00778-00205319-00205532 need to be thinking about in addition to
Ai9bXLluvnU-00779-00205533-00205771 just the food ramifications because
Ai9bXLluvnU-00780-00205773-00206089 finding t2 and the in the food would
Ai9bXLluvnU-00781-00206090-00206314 just cause in all kinds of interesting
Ai9bXLluvnU-00782-00206315-00206648 problems and then few mana sins are the
Ai9bXLluvnU-00783-00206648-00206858 are the last of the real of the other
Ai9bXLluvnU-00784-00206859-00207023 toxins that I'll talk about through a
Ai9bXLluvnU-00785-00207023-00207221 moment again this is primarily a maze
Ai9bXLluvnU-00786-00207221-00207773 toxin it causes a big problem that it
Ai9bXLluvnU-00787-00207773-00208073 causes what I tend to call brain rot and
Ai9bXLluvnU-00788-00208073-00208216 horses because you end up with just
Ai9bXLluvnU-00789-00208217-00208438 large holes in the brain of the horse
Ai9bXLluvnU-00790-00208439-00208709 that poor horse that you see there would
Ai9bXLluvnU-00791-00208710-00208885 be walking in circles and eventually
Ai9bXLluvnU-00792-00208886-00209108 would simply fall over dead because
Ai9bXLluvnU-00793-00209109-00209317 there has been so much brain damage
Ai9bXLluvnU-00794-00209319-00209606 that's done in humans it's associated
Ai9bXLluvnU-00795-00209607-00209864 with esophageal cancer and also
Ai9bXLluvnU-00796-00209865-00210071 associated with neural tube defects and
Ai9bXLluvnU-00797-00210071-00210278 infants and the interesting thing with
Ai9bXLluvnU-00798-00210279-00210488 the neural tube defects is that those
Ai9bXLluvnU-00799-00210489-00210812 come associated with a genetic defect
Ai9bXLluvnU-00800-00210813-00211154 that's known in humans both the few mono
Ai9bXLluvnU-00801-00211155-00211382 sins and the neuro and the genetic
Ai9bXLluvnU-00802-00211383-00211626 defect blocked the same enzyme and give
Ai9bXLluvnU-00803-00211627-00212121 the same phenotype a point that we need
Ai9bXLluvnU-00804-00212121-00212388 to recognize we see all kinds of levels
Ai9bXLluvnU-00805-00212389-00212592 of things that are recommended in the
Ai9bXLluvnU-00806-00212592-00212865 literature for exposure so for example a
Ai9bXLluvnU-00807-00212866-00213129 few mana sins usually for humans what we
Ai9bXLluvnU-00808-00213130-00213408 see as a level in human foods as one or
Ai9bXLluvnU-00809-00213409-00213900 two micrograms micrograms program as
Ai9bXLluvnU-00810-00213901-00214335 shown on the the left there and this is
Ai9bXLluvnU-00811-00214336-00214539 something from from Wally morasses his
Ai9bXLluvnU-00812-00214540-00214779 group in South Africa and you can see
Ai9bXLluvnU-00813-00214780-00215069 that most of us would be in the what we
Ai9bXLluvnU-00814-00215071-00215271 can to be debate whether you're 60 kilos
Ai9bXLluvnU-00815-00215271-00215409 a lot of you probably are like me and
Ai9bXLluvnU-00816-00215410-00215798 are significantly more but the be that
Ai9bXLluvnU-00817-00215800-00216138 as it may the issue here is that notice
Ai9bXLluvnU-00818-00216139-00216448 the amount of human Osen and the diet
Ai9bXLluvnU-00819-00216450-00216738 actually matters so that if you've got a
Ai9bXLluvnU-00820-00216739-00216954 very high concept if you're eating a lot
Ai9bXLluvnU-00821-00216955-00217266 of maize if you're eating 500 for 500
Ai9bXLluvnU-00822-00217267-00217448 grams a day on the right side of that
Ai9bXLluvnU-00823-00217450-00217748 table it doesn't matter how low the
Ai9bXLluvnU-00824-00217750-00217971 level is you're still probably getting a
Ai9bXLluvnU-00825-00217971-00218271 very toxic amount of the toxin showing
Ai9bXLluvnU-00826-00218271-00218619 up so what's considered safe for us is
Ai9bXLluvnU-00827-00218619-00218817 very different than what's going to be
Ai9bXLluvnU-00828-00218817-00219114 that found in a developing country where
Ai9bXLluvnU-00829-00219115-00219456 the diet is very different this is a
Ai9bXLluvnU-00830-00219457-00219692 story that has worried me for a number
Ai9bXLluvnU-00831-00219694-00219923 of years and I call it a trickle-up
Ai9bXLluvnU-00832-00219925-00220212 story so the traders in developing
Ai9bXLluvnU-00833-00220213-00220353 countries are going to purchase the best
Ai9bXLluvnU-00834-00220354-00220512 string they can buy from the farmers
Ai9bXLluvnU-00835-00220513-00220689 okay they buy the good-looking stuff
Ai9bXLluvnU-00836-00220690-00220860 because that's what they can sell makes
Ai9bXLluvnU-00837-00220861-00221192 perfectly good sense and what they do
Ai9bXLluvnU-00838-00221194-00221346 then is they leave the farmers with the
Ai9bXLluvnU-00839-00221346-00221577 most heavily contaminated grain so the
Ai9bXLluvnU-00840-00221578-00221742 farmers can end up with ninety-five
Ai9bXLluvnU-00841-00221742-00221907 percent of the talks and left and what
Ai9bXLluvnU-00842-00221908-00222078 they've got maybe five or ten percent
Ai9bXLluvnU-00843-00222079-00222357 going to market the developed so that
Ai9bXLluvnU-00844-00222358-00222564 gives you the better stuff in the cities
Ai9bXLluvnU-00845-00222565-00222780 and the best stuff gets sold the people
Ai9bXLluvnU-00846-00222781-00222996 like you and me who eat the least amount
Ai9bXLluvnU-00847-00222996-00223377 of the corn and of course are exposed to
Ai9bXLluvnU-00848-00223378-00223608 the least amount of the toxin so that
Ai9bXLluvnU-00849-00223609-00223836 it's really a trickle up those of us who
Ai9bXLluvnU-00850-00223837-00224142 eat the least and can actually afford so
Ai9bXLluvnU-00851-00224142-00224342 to speak the higher exposure actually
Ai9bXLluvnU-00852-00224344-00224666 have the least
Ai9bXLluvnU-00853-00224667-00224984 so sort of a last slide here to
Ai9bXLluvnU-00854-00224985-00225134 summarize some of the things that we've
Ai9bXLluvnU-00855-00225135-00225398 been talking about why do mycotoxins
Ai9bXLluvnU-00856-00225398-00225602 matter for reaching development goals
Ai9bXLluvnU-00857-00225603-00225956 well first it's a very clear interaction
Ai9bXLluvnU-00858-00225957-00226157 between agriculture and health you heard
Ai9bXLluvnU-00859-00226158-00226373 John say this you've heard Felicia say
Ai9bXLluvnU-00860-00226373-00226529 this you're going to hear me say this
Ai9bXLluvnU-00861-00226530-00226769 and its really really true it's one of
Ai9bXLluvnU-00862-00226769-00226969 the most important ties that we've got
Ai9bXLluvnU-00863-00226971-00227246 but what it means also is that it's an
Ai9bXLluvnU-00864-00227246-00227555 interdisciplinary tie you don't find any
Ai9bXLluvnU-00865-00227556-00227876 particular group really owning it so you
Ai9bXLluvnU-00866-00227877-00228067 don't find the plant pathologist like I
Ai9bXLluvnU-00867-00228069-00228308 am only mycotoxins you don't find the
Ai9bXLluvnU-00868-00228309-00228482 nutrition people owning them you don't
Ai9bXLluvnU-00869-00228483-00228644 find the medical people or the vet
Ai9bXLluvnU-00870-00228644-00228860 people yeah we all deal with them yeah
Ai9bXLluvnU-00871-00228861-00229076 they're all important but they're not on
Ai9bXLluvnU-00872-00229077-00229294 the top of the list so one of the
Ai9bXLluvnU-00873-00229296-00229567 critical things that a ID can do is they
Ai9bXLluvnU-00874-00229569-00229709 can serve to bring these
Ai9bXLluvnU-00875-00229710-00229979 interdisciplinary groups together to get
Ai9bXLluvnU-00876-00229980-00230221 them working to realize what the
Ai9bXLluvnU-00877-00230223-00230396 problems are and how to go about solving
Ai9bXLluvnU-00878-00230396-00230639 them it affects all kinds of different
Ai9bXLluvnU-00879-00230640-00230867 animals and crops these are not a
Ai9bXLluvnU-00880-00230867-00231146 problem for us why because we've got a
Ai9bXLluvnU-00881-00231146-00231394 good food regulatory system but when you
Ai9bXLluvnU-00882-00231396-00231653 go to that local market in rural Africa
Ai9bXLluvnU-00883-00231654-00231842 and somebody just brought something in
Ai9bXLluvnU-00884-00231842-00232040 especially if they've just had it ground
Ai9bXLluvnU-00885-00232041-00232250 and you can't even see if it's green or
Ai9bXLluvnU-00886-00232251-00232427 pink or red or something that it
Ai9bXLluvnU-00887-00232428-00232637 shouldn't be you know you can't tell
Ai9bXLluvnU-00888-00232638-00232835 it's just flour and you're buying it and
Ai9bXLluvnU-00889-00232836-00233084 it's not checked subacute and chronic
Ai9bXLluvnU-00890-00233085-00233402 exposure issues are big deals okay it's
Ai9bXLluvnU-00891-00233403-00233648 not just that it kills you it's that it
Ai9bXLluvnU-00892-00233648-00233900 half kills you and keeps you from doing
Ai9bXLluvnU-00893-00233901-00234065 what you could and developing your
Ai9bXLluvnU-00894-00234066-00234275 potential and it has a disproportionate
Ai9bXLluvnU-00895-00234276-00234560 impact on the rural poor the people that
Ai9bXLluvnU-00896-00234561-00234821 we really care a lot about really get
Ai9bXLluvnU-00897-00234821-00235103 hit the hardest by this the size and the
Ai9bXLluvnU-00898-00235104-00235259 severity of the problem is not well
Ai9bXLluvnU-00899-00235260-00235523 understood we can project what it is but
Ai9bXLluvnU-00900-00235523-00235742 we don't really have a good handle on
Ai9bXLluvnU-00901-00235742-00236023 how bad the exposure is some of the
Ai9bXLluvnU-00902-00236025-00236276 toxic like got political implications
Ai9bXLluvnU-00903-00236277-00236494 and the problems in tropical regions
Ai9bXLluvnU-00904-00236494-00236698 Austin are different from those that we
Ai9bXLluvnU-00905-00236700-00236921 find in temperate regions and finally
Ai9bXLluvnU-00906-00236921-00237062 just sort of a little note down there at
Ai9bXLluvnU-00907-00237063-00237200 the bottom yeah you can have trade
Ai9bXLluvnU-00908-00237201-00237358 issues these are one of the biggest
Ai9bXLluvnU-00909-00237359-00237691 non-tariff trade barriers that exist
Ai9bXLluvnU-00910-00237692-00238017 and so with that just to give you some
Ai9bXLluvnU-00911-00238019-00238216 idea of the types of storage problems
Ai9bXLluvnU-00912-00238217-00238494 you actually can have and why you might
Ai9bXLluvnU-00913-00238496-00238750 have issues with things sort of
Ai9bXLluvnU-00914-00238751-00239008 misbehaving there are some examples that
Ai9bXLluvnU-00915-00239009-00239292 I've actually seen from South Africa and
Ai9bXLluvnU-00916-00239294-00239728 from from West Africa and with that I'm
Ai9bXLluvnU-00917-00239729-00240633 going back to New octave thank you
Ai9bXLluvnU-00918-00240634-00240853 before we go to the audience for
Ai9bXLluvnU-00919-00240854-00241084 question I have a couple of questions to
Ai9bXLluvnU-00920-00241085-00241392 the panel two minutes issue question not
Ai9bXLluvnU-00921-00241394-00241777 more so John John Bowman just to be
Ai9bXLluvnU-00922-00241778-00242146 specific question I'm asking for now we
Ai9bXLluvnU-00923-00242146-00242392 talked about mycotoxin we talked about
Ai9bXLluvnU-00924-00242392-00242571 the implication just I want to
Ai9bXLluvnU-00925-00242573-00242746 understand a little bit more why we need
Ai9bXLluvnU-00926-00242746-00243055 to be a more attention to mycotoxin at
Ai9bXLluvnU-00927-00243056-00243358 you at eight where we work with the
Ai9bXLluvnU-00928-00243359-00243631 other donor community or ourselves what
Ai9bXLluvnU-00929-00243632-00243811 are the specific consequences do you
Ai9bXLluvnU-00930-00243812-00243976 think or you see it to development if we
Ai9bXLluvnU-00931-00243977-00244167 don't be attention to these problems as
Ai9bXLluvnU-00932-00244169-00244501 a program era lead for the nutrition and
Ai9bXLluvnU-00933-00244502-00244717 safe food what you would want to see
Ai9bXLluvnU-00934-00244717-00244917 more in terms of programming what are
Ai9bXLluvnU-00935-00244919-00245212 these areas for improvement that you see
Ai9bXLluvnU-00936-00245213-00246819 as a gap is the mac acid here this is on
Ai9bXLluvnU-00937-00246819-00247561 check-check project area well I think in
Ai9bXLluvnU-00938-00247562-00247912 terms of consequences of inaction you're
Ai9bXLluvnU-00939-00247913-00248446 going to see essentially productivity
Ai9bXLluvnU-00940-00248446-00248680 gains on the front end of the value
Ai9bXLluvnU-00941-00248681-00249148 chain essentially be be wasted get this
Ai9bXLluvnU-00942-00249148-00249369 again this is essentially a post harvest
Ai9bXLluvnU-00943-00249371-00249766 last problem and you can you can you can
Ai9bXLluvnU-00944-00249767-00249961 try to get it improve productivity by
Ai9bXLluvnU-00945-00249962-00250315 either working the front end the chain
Ai9bXLluvnU-00946-00250316-00250596 when working with breeding improvements
Ai9bXLluvnU-00947-00250598-00250844 fertilizer or irrigation
Ai9bXLluvnU-00948-00250844-00251054 close value chain work with your
Ai9bXLluvnU-00949-00251055-00251492 beneficiaries or you can help the income
Ai9bXLluvnU-00950-00251492-00251692 situation of the beneficiaries just by
Ai9bXLluvnU-00951-00251694-00252148 essentially improving loss and so this
Ai9bXLluvnU-00952-00252150-00252346 is a lot of situation and all the
Ai9bXLluvnU-00953-00252348-00252512 productivity gains we're going to make
Ai9bXLluvnU-00954-00252513-00252644 with other projects and other
Ai9bXLluvnU-00955-00252644-00252851 investments on the front and in the
Ai9bXLluvnU-00956-00252852-00253031 middle are going to be essentially
Ai9bXLluvnU-00957-00253032-00253354 really am strong if we don't do anything
Ai9bXLluvnU-00958-00253355-00253633 and then the other factor of
Ai9bXLluvnU-00959-00253634-00253848 productivity is workforce productivity
Ai9bXLluvnU-00960-00253850-00254317 John just mentioned the labor potential
Ai9bXLluvnU-00961-00254319-00254576 of all the you know the forums were
Ai9bXLluvnU-00962-00254577-00254881 working with it's going to go down quite
Ai9bXLluvnU-00963-00254882-00255144 a bit particularly due to this this
Ai9bXLluvnU-00964-00255146-00255442 chronic and subchronic insidious level
Ai9bXLluvnU-00965-00255444-00255962 of ingestion that may not be relatively
Ai9bXLluvnU-00966-00255963-00256219 apparently you said maybe people or half
Ai9bXLluvnU-00967-00256221-00256412 dead or walking dinner what sure how you
Ai9bXLluvnU-00968-00256413-00256628 put it but that that's going to be a
Ai9bXLluvnU-00969-00256629-00256865 huge problem and then I think a third
Ai9bXLluvnU-00970-00256866-00257138 aspect is that that without a
Ai9bXLluvnU-00971-00257139-00257407 consequence of inaction is that regional
Ai9bXLluvnU-00972-00257408-00257548 grain trading is never going to be a
Ai9bXLluvnU-00973-00257550-00257801 robust and grain trading in Africa
Ai9bXLluvnU-00974-00257802-00258031 generally generates a lot of money for a
Ai9bXLluvnU-00975-00258032-00258239 lot of players you asked about
Ai9bXLluvnU-00976-00258240-00258754 programming needs I think just quickly
Ai9bXLluvnU-00977-00258755-00258982 we would do well to have a lot more
Ai9bXLluvnU-00978-00258983-00259234 collaborative work with with the Gates
Ai9bXLluvnU-00979-00259235-00259558 Foundation and we have should do a lot
Ai9bXLluvnU-00980-00259559-00259855 more collaborative work with USDA I
Ai9bXLluvnU-00981-00259856-00260066 didn't have time to present it but USDA
Ai9bXLluvnU-00982-00260067-00260419 has it it's been a challenge to find
Ai9bXLluvnU-00983-00260421-00260817 under feed the future a lot of you know
Ai9bXLluvnU-00984-00260819-00261140 compatible exciting work areas to work
Ai9bXLluvnU-00985-00261141-00261563 with with USDA as a partner in in in
Ai9bXLluvnU-00986-00261564-00261730 these developing countries but this is
Ai9bXLluvnU-00987-00261731-00261929 certainly an area where USDA has a lot
Ai9bXLluvnU-00988-00261930-00262490 of expertise area of areas of
Ai9bXLluvnU-00989-00262491-00262684 improvement the evidence base as I
Ai9bXLluvnU-00990-00262685-00262943 mentioned before the causality we have
Ai9bXLluvnU-00991-00262944-00263123 to stress that we have to work on this
Ai9bXLluvnU-00992-00263124-00263407 this this huge problem of the
Ai9bXLluvnU-00993-00263408-00263710 willingness to pay for alpha toxin free
Ai9bXLluvnU-00994-00263711-00264007 grains what are the incentives that we
Ai9bXLluvnU-00995-00264008-00264172 can build in the grain sector because
Ai9bXLluvnU-00996-00264173-00264469 willingness to pay is is is very
Ai9bXLluvnU-00997-00264470-00264703 difficult to find get ahold of and
Ai9bXLluvnU-00998-00264704-00265012 manage and then essentially behavioral
Ai9bXLluvnU-00999-00265013-00265231 cultural change at the village level
Ai9bXLluvnU-01000-00265232-00265537 with the farmers behavioral and cultural
Ai9bXLluvnU-01001-00265538-00265831 change at ministerial level in terms of
Ai9bXLluvnU-01002-00265832-00266113 admitting to the problem not hiding it
Ai9bXLluvnU-01003-00266114-00266350 and trying to aggressively you know
Ai9bXLluvnU-01004-00266351-00266655 remedy it with with with donor funding
Ai9bXLluvnU-01005-00266656-00267009 paka really helps out a lot on that one
Ai9bXLluvnU-01006-00267010-00267159 other quick area i should mention i
Ai9bXLluvnU-01007-00267160-00267352 think that needs a lot of attention is
Ai9bXLluvnU-01008-00267353-00267553 the what what can be some of the
Ai9bXLluvnU-01009-00267554-00267814 alternative uses for contaminated stocks
Ai9bXLluvnU-01010-00267815-00268110 I don't think enough people are looking
Ai9bXLluvnU-01011-00268111-00268402 at that of course then the number
Ai9bXLluvnU-01012-00268403-00268615 strategy is that contaminated stocks
Ai9bXLluvnU-01013-00268616-00268849 once identified by governments or by
Ai9bXLluvnU-01014-00268850-00269235 projects ultimately end up in the in the
Ai9bXLluvnU-01015-00269236-00269581 in the bellies of the of the villagers
Ai9bXLluvnU-01016-00269582-00270124 in it that the devastating outcome thank
Ai9bXLluvnU-01017-00270125-00270472 you up there okay thank you dr. wool two
Ai9bXLluvnU-01018-00270473-00270823 minutes you and john leslie dr. leslie
Ai9bXLluvnU-01019-00270824-00270984 mentioned the exposure my stocks in
Ai9bXLluvnU-01020-00270985-00271120 prominent in the foreign countries
Ai9bXLluvnU-01021-00271121-00271297 particularly the region where stable
Ai9bXLluvnU-01022-00271298-00271480 crops such as maids ground nuts and
Ai9bXLluvnU-01023-00271481-00271852 other consumes early and big amount as a
Ai9bXLluvnU-01024-00271853-00272109 show them his flight up demi can make up
Ai9bXLluvnU-01025-00272110-00272310 to seventy percent diet not to forget
Ai9bXLluvnU-01026-00272311-00272542 their impact on the child health and
Ai9bXLluvnU-01027-00272543-00272743 nutrition they get exposed at different
Ai9bXLluvnU-01028-00272744-00273073 stages during the life cycle from during
Ai9bXLluvnU-01029-00273074-00273340 the crossing through the placenta mother
Ai9bXLluvnU-01030-00273341-00273646 milk complementary feeding etc what do
Ai9bXLluvnU-01031-00273647-00273799 you think needs to be done to deal with
Ai9bXLluvnU-01032-00273800-00273991 this problem how we can minimize their
Ai9bXLluvnU-01033-00273992-00274264 is for exposure is this microphone
Ai9bXLluvnU-01034-00274265-00275179 working no hello oh there we go well
Ai9bXLluvnU-01035-00275180-00275385 that's a good question dr. kaplan there
Ai9bXLluvnU-01036-00275386-00275674 are a number of different ways that we
Ai9bXLluvnU-01037-00275675-00276063 can deal with the mycotoxin problem and
Ai9bXLluvnU-01038-00276064-00276346 i think that the solution is different
Ai9bXLluvnU-01039-00276347-00276609 depending on the part of the world in
Ai9bXLluvnU-01040-00276610-00276889 many high-income countries it's enough
Ai9bXLluvnU-01041-00276890-00277198 that we have set regulatory limit on
Ai9bXLluvnU-01042-00277199-00277415 these mycotoxins in our foods
Ai9bXLluvnU-01043-00277416-00277643 in the in the u.s. is the food and drug
Ai9bXLluvnU-01044-00277644-00277892 administration that has action levels
Ai9bXLluvnU-01045-00277893-00278168 for aflatoxin in human food as well as
Ai9bXLluvnU-01046-00278169-00278402 in a variety of animal feeds as well as
Ai9bXLluvnU-01047-00278403-00278549 industry guidelines for to manas
Ai9bXLluvnU-01048-00278550-00278878 invented on these regulatory stages to
Ai9bXLluvnU-01049-00278879-00279122 work because they've enforced and that
Ai9bXLluvnU-01050-00279123-00279302 is not the case in many parts of the
Ai9bXLluvnU-01051-00279303-00279641 world there are 97 countries around the
Ai9bXLluvnU-01052-00279642-00279815 world for example that already have
Ai9bXLluvnU-01053-00279816-00280025 regulatory standards for aflatoxin but
Ai9bXLluvnU-01054-00280026-00280163 do we believe that they're necessarily
Ai9bXLluvnU-01055-00280164-00280451 being enforced not necessarily
Ai9bXLluvnU-01056-00280452-00280681 particularly of in subsistence villages
Ai9bXLluvnU-01057-00280682-00280916 where food hardly undergoes any
Ai9bXLluvnU-01058-00280917-00281102 regulatory inspection especially if it's
Ai9bXLluvnU-01059-00281103-00281348 just being traded and purchased at local
Ai9bXLluvnU-01060-00281349-00281645 markets or even at the individual farms
Ai9bXLluvnU-01061-00281646-00282023 so education is clearly a very important
Ai9bXLluvnU-01062-00282024-00282272 issue on making people aware of the
Ai9bXLluvnU-01063-00282273-00282449 adverse health effects that can accrue
Ai9bXLluvnU-01064-00282450-00282626 to themselves as well as their children
Ai9bXLluvnU-01065-00282627-00282907 as a result of consuming the Moldy needs
Ai9bXLluvnU-01066-00282908-00283151 in the mouldy nuts in addition to
Ai9bXLluvnU-01067-00283152-00283333 education there have to be interventions
Ai9bXLluvnU-01068-00283334-00283718 that can be easily implemented so I gave
Ai9bXLluvnU-01069-00283719-00284273 the example for exam and there's a paper
Ai9bXLluvnU-01070-00284274-00284423 that we recently published if you're
Ai9bXLluvnU-01071-00284424-00284615 interested in it that looks at how
Ai9bXLluvnU-01072-00284616-00284771 particular foodstuffs if they're
Ai9bXLluvnU-01073-00284772-00284980 introduced to the diet not only do they
Ai9bXLluvnU-01074-00284981-00285151 counteract the adverse effects of
Ai9bXLluvnU-01075-00285152-00285403 aflatoxin but they also add important
Ai9bXLluvnU-01076-00285404-00285652 nutrients to the diet so if that's of
Ai9bXLluvnU-01077-00285653-00285880 interest please feel free to talk with
Ai9bXLluvnU-01078-00285881-00286121 me about it later introducing leafy
Ai9bXLluvnU-01079-00286122-00286393 green vegetables where possible
Ai9bXLluvnU-01080-00286394-00286633 introducing other dietary staples that
Ai9bXLluvnU-01081-00286634-00286769 might be native to the region whether
Ai9bXLluvnU-01082-00286770-00287150 it's rice or test in some places of the
Ai9bXLluvnU-01083-00287151-00287509 world sorghum millet pigeon pea other
Ai9bXLluvnU-01084-00287510-00287878 legumes that are much lower in aflatoxin
Ai9bXLluvnU-01085-00287879-00288290 levels but are native to the area and
Ai9bXLluvnU-01086-00288291-00288542 can be grown fairly easily that's one
Ai9bXLluvnU-01087-00288543-00288749 type of intervention other types of
Ai9bXLluvnU-01088-00288750-00288920 interventions you saw earlier some
Ai9bXLluvnU-01089-00288921-00289102 pre-harvest interventions trying to keep
Ai9bXLluvnU-01090-00289103-00289295 the crops as healthy as possible in the
Ai9bXLluvnU-01091-00289296-00289487 field so that they're less prone to
Ai9bXLluvnU-01092-00289488-00289745 being infected by fun G post-harvest
Ai9bXLluvnU-01093-00289746-00290051 keep the fruit dry sort out the
Ai9bXLluvnU-01094-00290052-00290288 obviously mouldy kernels and keep it
Ai9bXLluvnU-01095-00290289-00290629 well in storage and the dietary ones
Ai9bXLluvnU-01096-00290630-00290782 I've already mentioned thank
Ai9bXLluvnU-01097-00290783-00291380 thank you doctor one dr. John Liz Lee
Ai9bXLluvnU-01098-00291381-00291644 what are the steps we can take to us
Ai9bXLluvnU-01099-00291645-00291815 mycotoxin and foodstuff I know you
Ai9bXLluvnU-01100-00291816-00292157 mentioned at one point biocontrol what
Ai9bXLluvnU-01101-00292158-00292463 do you think about biocontrol do you
Ai9bXLluvnU-01102-00292464-00292640 think there is a risk of these species
Ai9bXLluvnU-01103-00292641-00292832 the eighth extragenic species to be
Ai9bXLluvnU-01104-00292833-00293090 converted or to change a certain bone to
Ai9bXLluvnU-01105-00293091-00293384 be toxigenic or there is no risk or no
Ai9bXLluvnU-01106-00293385-00293819 concern for you know so another good
Ai9bXLluvnU-01107-00293820-00294143 question so the many of you may have
Ai9bXLluvnU-01108-00294144-00294662 heard of FSA for Africa or AF 39 or some
Ai9bXLluvnU-01109-00294663-00294875 of the other things that have been used
Ai9bXLluvnU-01110-00294876-00295145 successfully in the United States and
Ai9bXLluvnU-01111-00295146-00295406 analogs are now being proposed for use
Ai9bXLluvnU-01112-00295407-00295813 elsewhere these competitive exclusion
Ai9bXLluvnU-01113-00295814-00296060 programs is what they are so effectively
Ai9bXLluvnU-01114-00296061-00296381 the way they work think of the plant is
Ai9bXLluvnU-01115-00296382-00296819 having a spot inside it that is commonly
Ai9bXLluvnU-01116-00296820-00297053 filled by an aspergillus species one of
Ai9bXLluvnU-01117-00297054-00297488 the aflatoxin synthesizers and if i was
Ai9bXLluvnU-01118-00297489-00297734 to go and wave a magic wand and take all
Ai9bXLluvnU-01119-00297735-00297929 of the aspergillus out there would still
Ai9bXLluvnU-01120-00297930-00298142 be something else that would fill that
Ai9bXLluvnU-01121-00298143-00298532 niche so that plant is not sterile okay
Ai9bXLluvnU-01122-00298533-00298742 it's got it's going to have a fungus of
Ai9bXLluvnU-01123-00298743-00299135 microorganism in that niche and the
Ai9bXLluvnU-01124-00299136-00299438 approach that most of the most of these
Ai9bXLluvnU-01125-00299439-00299750 things take is well just like in
Ai9bXLluvnU-01126-00299751-00299957 soybeans where the farmers used to
Ai9bXLluvnU-01127-00299958-00300158 getting a particular bacterium to put on
Ai9bXLluvnU-01128-00300159-00300515 as an inoculum to go into the plant the
Ai9bXLluvnU-01129-00300516-00300800 question is how can we get the strain
Ai9bXLluvnU-01130-00300801-00301079 that we want to go in instead of letting
Ai9bXLluvnU-01131-00301080-00301319 mother nature pick a strain to put in
Ai9bXLluvnU-01132-00301320-00301601 and effectively what these programs are
Ai9bXLluvnU-01133-00301602-00301901 doing then is they are taking a natural
Ai9bXLluvnU-01134-00301902-00302285 strain from that location so a strain
Ai9bXLluvnU-01135-00302286-00302474 that you would use west africa would not
Ai9bXLluvnU-01136-00302475-00302639 be the same as the one that's used in
Ai9bXLluvnU-01137-00302640-00302891 the US or that's used in asia or
Ai9bXLluvnU-01138-00302892-00303056 something like that these all need to be
Ai9bXLluvnU-01139-00303057-00303377 developed on a relatively location
Ai9bXLluvnU-01140-00303378-00303614 specific kind of thing so you take a
Ai9bXLluvnU-01141-00303615-00303875 naturally occurring strain it does not
Ai9bXLluvnU-01142-00303876-00304071 produce the toxin
Ai9bXLluvnU-01143-00304072-00304239 whenever you mix it with the toxin
Ai9bXLluvnU-01144-00304240-00304419 producing strains it will
Ai9bXLluvnU-01145-00304420-00304677 synergistically suppress the amount of
Ai9bXLluvnU-01146-00304678-00305064 toxin that's produced you then grow the
Ai9bXLluvnU-01147-00305065-00305241 strain in such a way that you can apply
Ai9bXLluvnU-01148-00305242-00305457 it in the fields and effectively
Ai9bXLluvnU-01149-00305458-00305778 overwhelm the rest of the population so
Ai9bXLluvnU-01150-00305779-00306015 we're under natural conditions the
Ai9bXLluvnU-01151-00306016-00306174 strength we're talking about might have
Ai9bXLluvnU-01152-00306175-00306393 been eyelids pick a number one percent
Ai9bXLluvnU-01153-00306394-00306654 of the population now it's going to be
Ai9bXLluvnU-01154-00306655-00306830 fifty or sixty percent of the population
Ai9bXLluvnU-01155-00306831-00307158 maybe even more and what that does is it
Ai9bXLluvnU-01156-00307159-00307323 means that this non toxin-producing
Ai9bXLluvnU-01157-00307324-00307629 strain is going to be preferentially
Ai9bXLluvnU-01158-00307630-00307887 incorporated into the plans not because
Ai9bXLluvnU-01159-00307888-00308040 it's more competitive than the other
Ai9bXLluvnU-01160-00308041-00308238 stuff from it that's there as a matter
Ai9bXLluvnU-01161-00308239-00308532 of fact it probably isn't because they
Ai9bXLluvnU-01162-00308533-00308745 don't last forever you know you have to
Ai9bXLluvnU-01163-00308746-00308946 reapply it after a few years so it loses
Ai9bXLluvnU-01164-00308947-00309222 out but what it does is it gets in and
Ai9bXLluvnU-01165-00309223-00309495 it occupies that niche and it keeps the
Ai9bXLluvnU-01166-00309496-00309774 aflatoxin producers out and that's a
Ai9bXLluvnU-01167-00309775-00310083 very good strategy because it's based on
Ai9bXLluvnU-01168-00310084-00310317 the life cycle of the fungus you're not
Ai9bXLluvnU-01169-00310318-00310545 putting anything foreign into the field
Ai9bXLluvnU-01170-00310546-00310770 because these are native strains that
Ai9bXLluvnU-01171-00310771-00311079 are native to the area already and it's
Ai9bXLluvnU-01172-00311080-00311223 something that as long as you're willing
Ai9bXLluvnU-01173-00311224-00311532 to make the application on a you know
Ai9bXLluvnU-01174-00311533-00311778 every several years as it's needed is a
Ai9bXLluvnU-01175-00311779-00312107 doable and a sustainable kind of thing
Ai9bXLluvnU-01176-00312108-00312414 thank you now we'll open explorer
Ai9bXLluvnU-01177-00312415-00312747 question from the audience and these
Ai9bXLluvnU-01178-00312748-00313137 wait for the mice will be cool yes we
Ai9bXLluvnU-01179-00313138-00313398 breathe through a lot of things so if
Ai9bXLluvnU-01180-00313399-00313599 you need clarification or have a
Ai9bXLluvnU-01181-00313600-00313832 question anything from very basic since
Ai9bXLluvnU-01182-00313833-00313968 I know that some people in the room rate
Ai9bXLluvnU-01183-00313969-00314132 their knowledge of mycotoxins is fairly
Ai9bXLluvnU-01184-00314133-00314394 low up to more complicated questions
Ai9bXLluvnU-01185-00314395-00314604 we're happy to take them and do we have
Ai9bXLluvnU-01186-00314605-00314802 one to start off from our webinar
Ai9bXLluvnU-01187-00314803-00315128 audience or should we take in room first
Ai9bXLluvnU-01188-00315129-00315720 in reverse all right question and please
Ai9bXLluvnU-01189-00315721-00315903 state your name and organization if you
Ai9bXLluvnU-01190-00315904-00316338 will hi Lee both get hurt Missouri
Ai9bXLluvnU-01191-00316339-00316518 University of Science Technology Thank
Ai9bXLluvnU-01192-00316519-00316788 You speakers for taking time data and
Ai9bXLluvnU-01193-00316789-00317091 foremost of a crucial issue curious
Ai9bXLluvnU-01194-00317092-00317363 about we talked a lot about defenders
Ai9bXLluvnU-01195-00317364-00317582 compartmentalizing issues and whether
Ai9bXLluvnU-01196-00317583-00317781 it's like for farm gate or after farm
Ai9bXLluvnU-01197-00317782-00318032 gate or I on Twitter yesterday we're
Ai9bXLluvnU-01198-00318033-00318180 talking about behavior change issues
Ai9bXLluvnU-01199-00318181-00318498 versus technical issues we're talking
Ai9bXLluvnU-01200-00318499-00318687 about technical interventions and stuff
Ai9bXLluvnU-01201-00318688-00318990 so how where can we identify how do we
Ai9bXLluvnU-01202-00318991-00319176 go about identifying and site-specific
Ai9bXLluvnU-01203-00319177-00319395 issues like whether it's I kind of focus
Ai9bXLluvnU-01204-00319396-00319527 on Guatemala but there's obviously
Ai9bXLluvnU-01205-00319528-00319713 issues you know like you said in Africa
Ai9bXLluvnU-01206-00319714-00320072 and East Asia as we shift locations
Ai9bXLluvnU-01207-00320073-00320370 causal factors will shift how do we how
Ai9bXLluvnU-01208-00320371-00320577 do we set something ever we can identify
Ai9bXLluvnU-01209-00320578-00320868 that you know hopefully cheaply because
Ai9bXLluvnU-01210-00320869-00321144 it goes back to what John number one
Ai9bXLluvnU-01211-00321145-00321462 said as far as if we need to assess miss
Ai9bXLluvnU-01212-00321463-00321744 vs and interventions and I don't see
Ai9bXLluvnU-01213-00321745-00321879 those those two separate things I think
Ai9bXLluvnU-01214-00321880-00322050 they needed can be wrapped in one as we
Ai9bXLluvnU-01215-00322051-00322230 kind of do something so I assume that's
Ai9bXLluvnU-01216-00322231-00322437 kind of my general question a high level
Ai9bXLluvnU-01217-00322438-00323439 question but that's oh hello okay um
Ai9bXLluvnU-01218-00323440-00323721 that's a really important question and
Ai9bXLluvnU-01219-00323722-00323970 one that our research team has run into
Ai9bXLluvnU-01220-00323971-00324348 a lot um just to give you a case study
Ai9bXLluvnU-01221-00324349-00324579 of why you can't apply the same type of
Ai9bXLluvnU-01222-00324580-00324729 intervention in different parts of the
Ai9bXLluvnU-01223-00324730-00324945 world is that after we published this
Ai9bXLluvnU-01224-00324946-00325257 cheat on china study quite frankly the
Ai9bXLluvnU-01225-00325258-00325404 reason that they made the switch from
Ai9bXLluvnU-01226-00325405-00325650 maize to rice in that region of china is
Ai9bXLluvnU-01227-00325651-00325872 because before nineteen eighty the
Ai9bXLluvnU-01228-00325873-00326108 chinese government had said that every
Ai9bXLluvnU-01229-00326109-00326234 county in china had to be
Ai9bXLluvnU-01230-00326235-00326430 self-sufficient in food production and
Ai9bXLluvnU-01231-00326431-00326646 she don't could not produce any rice
Ai9bXLluvnU-01232-00326647-00326858 even though they prefer to eat rice they
Ai9bXLluvnU-01233-00326859-00327030 could only grow maize and so that's what
Ai9bXLluvnU-01234-00327031-00327300 they ate after nineteen eighty they
Ai9bXLluvnU-01235-00327301-00327519 moved to a more market-based system
Ai9bXLluvnU-01236-00327520-00327690 where they said oh okay now you can go
Ai9bXLluvnU-01237-00327691-00327857 and purchase food from neighboring
Ai9bXLluvnU-01238-00327858-00328044 counties and so of course the chi Tony's
Ai9bXLluvnU-01239-00328045-00328305 wanted to eat rice and so they started
Ai9bXLluvnU-01240-00328306-00328550 purchasing rights from Highland County
Ai9bXLluvnU-01241-00328551-00328875 aflatoxin levels went down well that's
Ai9bXLluvnU-01242-00328876-00329076 not exactly the situation in other parts
Ai9bXLluvnU-01243-00329077-00329238 of the world and so if you suddenly
Ai9bXLluvnU-01244-00329239-00329432 wanted to say oh well this intervention
Ai9bXLluvnU-01245-00329433-00329628 works switch from maize to sorghum and
Ai9bXLluvnU-01246-00329629-00329946 millet now it's not it there's not the
Ai9bXLluvnU-01247-00329947-00330201 same sort of policy drive it's going to
Ai9bXLluvnU-01248-00330202-00330480 be a lot more difficult and I think that
Ai9bXLluvnU-01249-00330481-00330751 one of the key crucial issue
Ai9bXLluvnU-01250-00330752-00330901 is that we have to get down on the
Ai9bXLluvnU-01251-00330902-00331159 ground and understand what the needs of
Ai9bXLluvnU-01252-00331160-00331426 individual populations are even if this
Ai9bXLluvnU-01253-00331427-00331644 means for example household surveys
Ai9bXLluvnU-01254-00331645-00331837 trying to identify some of those
Ai9bXLluvnU-01255-00331838-00332089 questions such as how willing would you
Ai9bXLluvnU-01256-00332090-00332266 beat for example to switch to a
Ai9bXLluvnU-01257-00332267-00332446 different type of crop or to plant
Ai9bXLluvnU-01258-00332447-00332656 different types of crops and if not
Ai9bXLluvnU-01259-00332657-00332890 what's holding you back for example or
Ai9bXLluvnU-01260-00332891-00333067 applying these different interventions
Ai9bXLluvnU-01261-00333068-00333313 why or why wouldn't you do so what are
Ai9bXLluvnU-01262-00333314-00333472 some of the economic incentives some of
Ai9bXLluvnU-01263-00333473-00333667 the cultural and behavioral incentives I
Ai9bXLluvnU-01264-00333668-00333874 think that really needs to be seen on a
Ai9bXLluvnU-01265-00333875-00334537 population by population basis all right
Ai9bXLluvnU-01266-00334538-00334699 we'll take one from our online audience
Ai9bXLluvnU-01267-00334700-00335332 and then come back to the room okay we
Ai9bXLluvnU-01268-00335333-00335512 have another nutrition oriented question
Ai9bXLluvnU-01269-00335513-00335755 for Felicia this comes from Anastasia
Ai9bXLluvnU-01270-00335756-00335986 bullion ova what is the method by which
Ai9bXLluvnU-01271-00335987-00336175 cruciferous vegetables help to task by
Ai9bXLluvnU-01272-00336176-00336421 micro toxins and do the vegetables have
Ai9bXLluvnU-01273-00336422-00336580 to be consumed at the same time as the
Ai9bXLluvnU-01274-00336581-00336805 mycotoxin contaminated food that's a
Ai9bXLluvnU-01275-00336806-00337027 very good question and can you hear me
Ai9bXLluvnU-01276-00337028-00337339 okay it's actually so that's a great
Ai9bXLluvnU-01277-00337340-00337498 question and it's actually different for
Ai9bXLluvnU-01278-00337499-00337768 different types of vegetables for leafy
Ai9bXLluvnU-01279-00337769-00337915 green vegetables is quite a different
Ai9bXLluvnU-01280-00337916-00338058 mechanism by which they detoxify
Ai9bXLluvnU-01281-00338059-00338236 aflatoxin compared with cruciferous
Ai9bXLluvnU-01282-00338237-00338488 vegetables leafy green vegetables have
Ai9bXLluvnU-01283-00338489-00338824 chlorophyll in them chlorophyll and it's
Ai9bXLluvnU-01284-00338825-00339052 derivative chlorophyll in what they do
Ai9bXLluvnU-01285-00339053-00339289 in the human gut is that they basically
Ai9bXLluvnU-01286-00339290-00339547 bind the aflatoxin and there they absorb
Ai9bXLluvnU-01287-00339548-00339790 the aflatoxin similar to other types of
Ai9bXLluvnU-01288-00339791-00339964 minders like novosel clay that's been
Ai9bXLluvnU-01289-00339965-00340213 used to reduce aflatoxin bioavailability
Ai9bXLluvnU-01290-00340214-00340723 and animal feed so essentially the leafy
Ai9bXLluvnU-01291-00340724-00340882 green vegetables or the components help
Ai9bXLluvnU-01292-00340883-00341071 to trap the aflatoxin in the gut and it
Ai9bXLluvnU-01293-00341072-00341365 passes we excrete it without it getting
Ai9bXLluvnU-01294-00341366-00341596 into our small intestine and then
Ai9bXLluvnU-01295-00341597-00341851 circulating into our bloodstream that's
Ai9bXLluvnU-01296-00341852-00342004 the mechanism by which leafy green
Ai9bXLluvnU-01297-00342005-00342211 vegetables can help to detoxify if
Ai9bXLluvnU-01298-00342212-00342415 there's already a flow toxin in the meal
Ai9bXLluvnU-01299-00342416-00342592 but they have to be consumed at the same
Ai9bXLluvnU-01300-00342593-00342829 time as whatever the aflatoxin laden
Ai9bXLluvnU-01301-00342830-00343069 food is otherwise it doesn't just kind
Ai9bXLluvnU-01302-00343070-00343263 of linger in the gut it passes through
Ai9bXLluvnU-01303-00343264-00343525 with cruciferous vegetables is different
Ai9bXLluvnU-01304-00343526-00343774 they do not need to be consumed at the
Ai9bXLluvnU-01305-00343775-00344002 same time as the aflatoxin and the food
Ai9bXLluvnU-01306-00344003-00344125 in order to detoxify
Ai9bXLluvnU-01307-00344126-00344353 I the way that cruciferous vegetables as
Ai9bXLluvnU-01308-00344354-00344530 well as vegetables in the family of
Ai9bXLluvnU-01309-00344531-00344752 onions and garlic sand leaks work is
Ai9bXLluvnU-01310-00344753-00344944 that they induce what are called phase
Ai9bXLluvnU-01311-00344945-00345105 two enzymes such as glutathione
Ai9bXLluvnU-01312-00345106-00345418 s-transferases in the liver essential so
Ai9bXLluvnU-01313-00345419-00345562 not to go into a whole lot of medical
Ai9bXLluvnU-01314-00345563-00345868 detail but essentially the aflatoxin go
Ai9bXLluvnU-01315-00345869-00346135 through your gut it gets absorbed into
Ai9bXLluvnU-01316-00346136-00346297 the bloodstream and then it reaches the
Ai9bXLluvnU-01317-00346298-00346705 liver now it can cause at that point the
Ai9bXLluvnU-01318-00346706-00346933 liver attempts to detoxify the aflatoxin
Ai9bXLluvnU-01319-00346934-00347146 and it can wind up converting the
Ai9bXLluvnU-01320-00347147-00347377 aflatoxin to into it's very carcinogenic
Ai9bXLluvnU-01321-00347378-00347689 form aflatoxin 89 epoque side if you
Ai9bXLluvnU-01322-00347690-00347914 have glutathione s-transferase which is
Ai9bXLluvnU-01323-00347915-00348076 increased when you consume cruciferous
Ai9bXLluvnU-01324-00348077-00348331 vegetables like broccoli and cauliflower
Ai9bXLluvnU-01325-00348332-00348628 and brussel sprouts then what it does is
Ai9bXLluvnU-01326-00348629-00348739 it increases the glutathione
Ai9bXLluvnU-01327-00348740-00348982 s-transferases they conjugate
Ai9bXLluvnU-01328-00348983-00349240 glutathione with the aflatoxin 89 époque
Ai9bXLluvnU-01329-00349241-00349390 side and it gets excreted from the body
Ai9bXLluvnU-01330-00349391-00349714 as opposed to our binding to our DNA and
Ai9bXLluvnU-01331-00349715-00349900 causing the DNA damage that leads to
Ai9bXLluvnU-01332-00349901-00350776 liver cancer hi lin brown this is a sort
Ai9bXLluvnU-01333-00350777-00350962 of comment in a sort of a challenge i
Ai9bXLluvnU-01334-00350963-00351091 think one of the things i didn't hear
Ai9bXLluvnU-01335-00351092-00351306 discussed actually today with gender and
Ai9bXLluvnU-01336-00351307-00351697 I think you know we talked about good
Ai9bXLluvnU-01337-00351698-00351861 agricultural practices to reduce
Ai9bXLluvnU-01338-00351862-00352120 aflatoxins but actually this is really a
Ai9bXLluvnU-01339-00352121-00352315 woman's problem because they're often
Ai9bXLluvnU-01340-00352316-00352549 the ones that retain their grain and are
Ai9bXLluvnU-01341-00352550-00352756 able to dry it properly and then they
Ai9bXLluvnU-01342-00352757-00352930 might sell it on later when the toxin
Ai9bXLluvnU-01343-00352931-00353092 levels are much higher as well as
Ai9bXLluvnU-01344-00353093-00353272 feeding it to their children so reaching
Ai9bXLluvnU-01345-00353273-00353524 poor smallholder women i think is really
Ai9bXLluvnU-01346-00353525-00353764 important the challenge is sort of to
Ai9bXLluvnU-01347-00353765-00353908 john bowman and i've been discussing
Ai9bXLluvnU-01348-00353909-00354265 this with another agency how can we get
Ai9bXLluvnU-01349-00354266-00354493 it such that agricultural products
Ai9bXLluvnU-01350-00354494-00354730 projects that support productivity
Ai9bXLluvnU-01351-00354731-00355009 improvements in maize and ground nuts
Ai9bXLluvnU-01352-00355010-00355189 and things like that actually almost
Ai9bXLluvnU-01353-00355190-00355399 have a safeguard that says you can't do
Ai9bXLluvnU-01354-00355400-00355645 this project unless you implement
Ai9bXLluvnU-01355-00355646-00355921 aflatoxin control measures with it so
Ai9bXLluvnU-01356-00355922-00356146 that we actually always do both because
Ai9bXLluvnU-01357-00356147-00356377 i see many projects that do mais
Ai9bXLluvnU-01358-00356378-00356554 productivity improvement ground that
Ai9bXLluvnU-01359-00356555-00356737 productivity improvement and actually
Ai9bXLluvnU-01360-00356738-00357381 don't discuss after toxins at all
Ai9bXLluvnU-01361-00357382-00357838 yeah that's that's an important point I
Ai9bXLluvnU-01362-00357839-00358224 think knowing as much as we do now about
Ai9bXLluvnU-01363-00358225-00358740 aflatoxin and the since the effect on
Ai9bXLluvnU-01364-00358741-00358993 you mentioned gender there's also the
Ai9bXLluvnU-01365-00358994-00359380 aspect of you know these in terms of
Ai9bXLluvnU-01366-00359381-00359638 birth outcomes that if they are if the
Ai9bXLluvnU-01367-00359639-00359797 women are ingesting words it's really
Ai9bXLluvnU-01368-00359798-00360268 critical to to to keep them safe i mean
Ai9bXLluvnU-01369-00360269-00360592 it i would i would think that at this
Ai9bXLluvnU-01370-00360593-00360870 point in time you know any any
Ai9bXLluvnU-01371-00360871-00361096 agricultural value chain project that we
Ai9bXLluvnU-01372-00361097-00361390 support that that's working on Pilar
Ai9bXLluvnU-01373-00361391-00361669 maze or more ground nuts i mean it's
Ai9bXLluvnU-01374-00361670-00361822 kind of anomaly it's there should be a
Ai9bXLluvnU-01375-00361823-00362050 kind of an obligation that they at least
Ai9bXLluvnU-01376-00362051-00362415 do you know some i'd say baseline
Ai9bXLluvnU-01377-00362416-00362719 detective work or some kind of hire
Ai9bXLluvnU-01378-00362720-00362950 somebody to do some kind of a you know a
Ai9bXLluvnU-01379-00362951-00363403 prevalence survey either directly with
Ai9bXLluvnU-01380-00363404-00363586 their beneficiaries or at least in the
Ai9bXLluvnU-01381-00363587-00363739 marketplace where where the
Ai9bXLluvnU-01382-00363740-00364036 beneficiaries are not only selling but
Ai9bXLluvnU-01383-00364037-00364261 also know consuming and trading and this
Ai9bXLluvnU-01384-00364262-00364672 kind of thing I don't have any I don't
Ai9bXLluvnU-01385-00364673-00364987 have any figure in terms of what what
Ai9bXLluvnU-01386-00364988-00365167 percentage of our of our value chain
Ai9bXLluvnU-01387-00365168-00365317 projects let's it would be delinquent
Ai9bXLluvnU-01388-00365318-00365719 and not doing this but you've probably
Ai9bXLluvnU-01389-00365720-00365896 seen a few examples and you're concerned
Ai9bXLluvnU-01390-00365897-00366235 about it so that you know that's not not
Ai9bXLluvnU-01391-00366236-00366493 surprising so I think I think there's an
Ai9bXLluvnU-01392-00366494-00366790 obligation but then there's kind of the
Ai9bXLluvnU-01393-00366791-00366979 problem because you know it's a tricky
Ai9bXLluvnU-01394-00366980-00367228 it's a tricky business sampling for
Ai9bXLluvnU-01395-00367229-00367633 aflatoxin it it's you know and and to to
Ai9bXLluvnU-01396-00367634-00368083 have a typical you know value chain
Ai9bXLluvnU-01397-00368084-00368293 project that is trying to do best
Ai9bXLluvnU-01398-00368294-00368548 practices on a wide range of things and
Ai9bXLluvnU-01399-00368549-00368746 it's not doesn't have it you know
Ai9bXLluvnU-01400-00368747-00369030 expertise levels built in I mean
Ai9bXLluvnU-01401-00369031-00369340 depending on who you hire to do the work
Ai9bXLluvnU-01402-00369341-00369535 you may get a totally different you know
Ai9bXLluvnU-01403-00369536-00369883 end result the sampling methodologies
Ai9bXLluvnU-01404-00369884-00370105 are just there's a lot of them out there
Ai9bXLluvnU-01405-00370106-00370363 I think John you're one of the experts
Ai9bXLluvnU-01406-00370364-00370396 in
Ai9bXLluvnU-01407-00370397-00370816 in that area and so that would be that
Ai9bXLluvnU-01408-00370817-00371041 would be a challenge but I think that
Ai9bXLluvnU-01409-00371042-00371409 the the it's kind of a duty to at least
Ai9bXLluvnU-01410-00371410-00371800 take a crack at it okay I would like to
Ai9bXLluvnU-01411-00371801-00372028 follow up on the methodology there just
Ai9bXLluvnU-01412-00372029-00372148 a little bit because there have been
Ai9bXLluvnU-01413-00372149-00372384 some real improvements and some of the
Ai9bXLluvnU-01414-00372385-00372571 methodologies in the last Cup in the
Ai9bXLluvnU-01415-00372572-00372922 last three to five years so one of the
Ai9bXLluvnU-01416-00372923-00373207 big problems that we used to have is Jay
Ai9bXLluvnU-01417-00373208-00373417 here's Felicia I just found her and
Ai9bXLluvnU-01418-00373418-00373633 she's been eating stuff in rural
Ai9bXLluvnU-01419-00373634-00373891 wherever for whatever and she looks just
Ai9bXLluvnU-01420-00373892-00374107 fine how do I know if she's been exposed
Ai9bXLluvnU-01421-00374108-00374407 to aflatoxin well in the last five years
Ai9bXLluvnU-01422-00374408-00374725 or so we've come up with reliable blood
Ai9bXLluvnU-01423-00374726-00374956 and urine tests that we can use to say
Ai9bXLluvnU-01424-00374957-00375178 oh well she's had this much in the last
Ai9bXLluvnU-01425-00375179-00375456 month or maybe even the last six months
Ai9bXLluvnU-01426-00375457-00375805 so that we can get that kind of a base
Ai9bXLluvnU-01427-00375806-00376018 assay to know what people really have
Ai9bXLluvnU-01428-00376019-00376282 been exposed to the other thing that's
Ai9bXLluvnU-01429-00376283-00376615 happened and you see this at the local
Ai9bXLluvnU-01430-00376616-00376849 grain grain mills in the United States
Ai9bXLluvnU-01431-00376850-00377133 at the grain silos there now are very
Ai9bXLluvnU-01432-00377134-00377449 quick stripped tests that can be done in
Ai9bXLluvnU-01433-00377450-00377827 10 to 15 minutes to assay the amount of
Ai9bXLluvnU-01434-00377828-00378130 of these are of a number of these toxins
Ai9bXLluvnU-01435-00378131-00378454 in that are better actually present in
Ai9bXLluvnU-01436-00378455-00378708 the grain that's being brought in or
Ai9bXLluvnU-01437-00378709-00378937 that's being eaten so that you don't
Ai9bXLluvnU-01438-00378938-00379207 have to take a sample and get it back to
Ai9bXLluvnU-01439-00379208-00379618 a lab in the in the US or in the capital
Ai9bXLluvnU-01440-00379619-00379828 of the country if you're lucky to be
Ai9bXLluvnU-01441-00379829-00379996 able to have the assay done you can
Ai9bXLluvnU-01442-00379997-00380167 actually have things done relatively
Ai9bXLluvnU-01443-00380168-00380707 quickly relatively easily outside of a
Ai9bXLluvnU-01444-00380708-00380917 big technical lab and that's really
Ai9bXLluvnU-01445-00380918-00381135 important in terms of some of the
Ai9bXLluvnU-01446-00381136-00381364 questions we can ask an answer now are
Ai9bXLluvnU-01447-00381365-00382182 very different than what they used to be
Ai9bXLluvnU-01448-00382183-00382394 certainly mccoyne from the Bill and
Ai9bXLluvnU-01449-00382395-00382604 Melinda Gates Foundation and this is
Ai9bXLluvnU-01450-00382605-00382763 more of a comment where I'd like to
Ai9bXLluvnU-01451-00382764-00382954 reinforce what doctor who was saying
Ai9bXLluvnU-01452-00382955-00383267 about education well I tend to agree
Ai9bXLluvnU-01453-00383268-00383870 with dr. Bowman that the idea of the
Ai9bXLluvnU-01454-00383871-00384157 base evidence that could possibly drive
Ai9bXLluvnU-01455-00384158-00384494 or drive more phone plunders and donors
Ai9bXLluvnU-01456-00384495-00384824 into funding this this issue I also
Ai9bXLluvnU-01457-00384825-00384974 think it's time that we really start
Ai9bXLluvnU-01458-00384975-00385159 educating the farmers I know a few years
Ai9bXLluvnU-01459-00385160-00385379 ago that was more difficult and that
Ai9bXLluvnU-01460-00385380-00385565 national governments were saying you
Ai9bXLluvnU-01461-00385566-00385877 know we don't want to create a crisis in
Ai9bXLluvnU-01462-00385878-00386059 our populations but i think that there's
Ai9bXLluvnU-01463-00386060-00386198 enough evidence out there and there's
Ai9bXLluvnU-01464-00386199-00386414 enough work being done that we can now
Ai9bXLluvnU-01465-00386415-00386747 start targeting some of our more of our
Ai9bXLluvnU-01466-00386748-00387125 projects not some most of them into
Ai9bXLluvnU-01467-00387126-00387408 educating farmers there's been some
Ai9bXLluvnU-01468-00387409-00387781 anecdotal and some research evidence on
Ai9bXLluvnU-01469-00387782-00388210 how storage has driven people to more
Ai9bXLluvnU-01470-00388211-00388418 hermetic storage rather than using
Ai9bXLluvnU-01471-00388419-00388667 insecticides and what we're finding is
Ai9bXLluvnU-01472-00388668-00389063 that where people replaced insecticides
Ai9bXLluvnU-01473-00389064-00389254 with hermetic storage they're keeping
Ai9bXLluvnU-01474-00389255-00389396 that for themselves because they
Ai9bXLluvnU-01475-00389397-00389621 understand the health issues they may
Ai9bXLluvnU-01476-00389622-00389963 continue to sell the other grain that
Ai9bXLluvnU-01477-00389964-00390164 has insecticide in it but you know for
Ai9bXLluvnU-01478-00390165-00390344 themselves they're going on I want my
Ai9bXLluvnU-01479-00390345-00390548 family to be safe so I think that there
Ai9bXLluvnU-01480-00390549-00390757 is evidence out there that shows that
Ai9bXLluvnU-01481-00390758-00391022 perhaps educating the farmers could be
Ai9bXLluvnU-01482-00391023-00391180 one way of doing this I don't have a
Ai9bXLluvnU-01483-00391181-00391384 complete answer for it but I do think
Ai9bXLluvnU-01484-00391385-00391670 it's time we make sure that farmers know
Ai9bXLluvnU-01485-00391671-00392045 what they're dealing with thank you i
Ai9bXLluvnU-01486-00392046-00392300 have to add one one other comment that
Ai9bXLluvnU-01487-00392301-00392549 as we start looking for places where
Ai9bXLluvnU-01488-00392550-00392912 there there could be potential micro
Ai9bXLluvnU-01489-00392913-00393140 part of the problems with mycotoxins is
Ai9bXLluvnU-01490-00393141-00393379 that it's not a uniformly distributed
Ai9bXLluvnU-01491-00393380-00393623 problem you get a hot spot you've got a
Ai9bXLluvnU-01492-00393624-00393866 big problem most of the other places are
Ai9bXLluvnU-01493-00393867-00394199 fine so it's the distribution is an
Ai9bXLluvnU-01494-00394200-00394448 issue and one of the problems that we
Ai9bXLluvnU-01495-00394449-00394649 have a scientist is how do we find an
Ai9bXLluvnU-01496-00394650-00394879 area that's really got a problem for us
Ai9bXLluvnU-01497-00394880-00395201 to be able to look at it and one way
Ai9bXLluvnU-01498-00395202-00395467 that would be possible with
Ai9bXLluvnU-01499-00395468-00395755 with with with human populations is to
Ai9bXLluvnU-01500-00395756-00396016 look for areas where it's traditionally
Ai9bXLluvnU-01501-00396017-00396238 been difficult to get vaccinations to
Ai9bXLluvnU-01502-00396239-00396526 take so where you have to go in a second
Ai9bXLluvnU-01503-00396527-00396742 or a third time for the vaccination to
Ai9bXLluvnU-01504-00396743-00396951 be effective because effectively
Ai9bXLluvnU-01505-00396952-00397171 essentially what that's telling you is
Ai9bXLluvnU-01506-00397172-00397426 that the immune response is low you're
Ai9bXLluvnU-01507-00397427-00397612 not getting an effective immune response
Ai9bXLluvnU-01508-00397613-00397771 there's something suppressing the immune
Ai9bXLluvnU-01509-00397772-00398164 system and mycotoxins would be a good
Ai9bXLluvnU-01510-00398165-00398416 sort of insidious candidate that we
Ai9bXLluvnU-01511-00398417-00398635 would not think much about and could be
Ai9bXLluvnU-01512-00398636-00398803 checked for relatively quickly and
Ai9bXLluvnU-01513-00398804-00398989 easily compared to the cost of going
Ai9bXLluvnU-01514-00398990-00399210 through with another wave of
Ai9bXLluvnU-01515-00399211-00399763 immunization campaign we'll take a
Ai9bXLluvnU-01516-00399764-00400144 question from our online audience this
Ai9bXLluvnU-01517-00400145-00400288 one's where john leslie building off
Ai9bXLluvnU-01518-00400289-00400597 your comments on biocontrol actress on
Ai9bXLluvnU-01519-00400598-00400759 post wants to know is an environmental
Ai9bXLluvnU-01520-00400760-00400993 assessment easy to test apathy in in
Ai9bXLluvnU-01521-00400994-00401356 regions yeah that's into the questions
Ai9bXLluvnU-01522-00401357-00401758 are certainly in the united states an
Ai9bXLluvnU-01523-00401759-00402028 environmental assessment is required and
Ai9bXLluvnU-01524-00402029-00402417 the whatever the product name is here
Ai9bXLluvnU-01525-00402418-00402682 and i get them all mixed up because i
Ai9bXLluvnU-01526-00402683-00402883 hear them all but the ones that
Ai9bXLluvnU-01527-00402884-00403183 certainly is used in cotton and maize in
Ai9bXLluvnU-01528-00403184-00403411 the southern United States and in
Ai9bXLluvnU-01529-00403412-00403669 Arizona and New Mexico has passed all
Ai9bXLluvnU-01530-00403670-00404059 the various EPA registrations and one of
Ai9bXLluvnU-01531-00404060-00404266 the biggest risk that you get from these
Ai9bXLluvnU-01532-00404267-00404599 is the exposure to the spores of the
Ai9bXLluvnU-01533-00404600-00404989 aspergillus and a key part of the
Ai9bXLluvnU-01534-00404990-00405289 process as I understand it is that they
Ai9bXLluvnU-01535-00405290-00405619 grow the they grow the fungus that they
Ai9bXLluvnU-01536-00405620-00405931 want to disperse on sorghum seeds that
Ai9bXLluvnU-01537-00405932-00406186 had been moistened so that the fungus
Ai9bXLluvnU-01538-00406187-00406432 can colonize it easily but what they do
Ai9bXLluvnU-01539-00406433-00406636 is they let the fungus colonized just
Ai9bXLluvnU-01540-00406637-00406858 enough to form hyphy but not to begin to
Ai9bXLluvnU-01541-00406859-00407095 sporty late so then you can distribute
Ai9bXLluvnU-01542-00407096-00407356 the sorghum seeds just on the top of the
Ai9bXLluvnU-01543-00407357-00407572 field and there they've been killed they
Ai9bXLluvnU-01544-00407573-00407905 don't terminate and the the sport the
Ai9bXLluvnU-01545-00407906-00408103 fungus then we'll begin to grow whenever
Ai9bXLluvnU-01546-00408104-00408271 the conditions are right there's enough
Ai9bXLluvnU-01547-00408272-00408448 water the temperatures right that kind
Ai9bXLluvnU-01548-00408449-00408480 of
Ai9bXLluvnU-01549-00408481-00408765 and the sporulation occurs then so that
Ai9bXLluvnU-01550-00408766-00409056 you don't expose whoever's doing the
Ai9bXLluvnU-01551-00409057-00409395 application to this war load yes you do
Ai9bXLluvnU-01552-00409396-00409689 need to you do need to take some care
Ai9bXLluvnU-01553-00409689-00409907 and dispersing these there are potential
Ai9bXLluvnU-01554-00409908-00410274 issues that can arise and that just like
Ai9bXLluvnU-01555-00410275-00410517 to add that response to your question
Ai9bXLluvnU-01556-00410518-00410934 that when we started working in the area
Ai9bXLluvnU-01557-00410935-00411332 of a toxic genetic strains biological
Ai9bXLluvnU-01558-00411333-00411657 control maybe a couple years ago we
Ai9bXLluvnU-01559-00411658-00411839 started to look at it pretty seriously
Ai9bXLluvnU-01560-00411841-00412170 in certain missions decided to invest in
Ai9bXLluvnU-01561-00412171-00412503 it I mean the main driver of the
Ai9bXLluvnU-01562-00412504-00412760 technology is can work done at IIT a in
Ai9bXLluvnU-01563-00412762-00413151 collaboration with the USDA and a lot of
Ai9bXLluvnU-01564-00413152-00413337 ground breaking work was done in Nigeria
Ai9bXLluvnU-01565-00413338-00413532 but but then it started to spread to
Ai9bXLluvnU-01566-00413533-00413778 some of our more core fida future
Ai9bXLluvnU-01567-00413779-00414045 countries and enough work was kind of
Ai9bXLluvnU-01568-00414046-00414282 initiated that the Africa Bureau did
Ai9bXLluvnU-01569-00414283-00414576 decide to do a regional environmental
Ai9bXLluvnU-01570-00414577-00414855 initial environmental assessment for
Ai9bXLluvnU-01571-00414856-00415445 kind of all the issues swirling around
Ai9bXLluvnU-01572-00415446-00415779 application so it's I'm not sure if it's
Ai9bXLluvnU-01573-00415780-00416121 completed yet but it it was it was in
Ai9bXLluvnU-01574-00416122-00416402 progress and it's a pretty robust
Ai9bXLluvnU-01575-00416403-00416843 assessment and hopefully we'll have it's
Ai9bXLluvnU-01576-00416845-00417157 meant to have kind of regional types of
Ai9bXLluvnU-01577-00417158-00417534 conclusions I don't I don't I haven't
Ai9bXLluvnU-01578-00417535-00417659 seen the final report yet so I can't
Ai9bXLluvnU-01579-00417660-00417843 tell you really what what the major
Ai9bXLluvnU-01580-00417843-00418221 findings were but it was contracted out
Ai9bXLluvnU-01581-00418222-00419243 I thought I thought your hands over here
Ai9bXLluvnU-01582-00419243-00419520 betty boo boo so from Purdue University
Ai9bXLluvnU-01583-00419521-00419781 my name is a man in my question is for
Ai9bXLluvnU-01584-00419782-00420117 dr. woo I believe you mentioned you did
Ai9bXLluvnU-01585-00420118-00420381 a cost-benefit analysis of the four
Ai9bXLluvnU-01586-00420382-00420785 different interventions the pre post and
Ai9bXLluvnU-01587-00420785-00421053 vaccinations and dietary did you observe
Ai9bXLluvnU-01588-00421054-00421374 any specific trends not that we are
Ai9bXLluvnU-01589-00421375-00421581 grappling about where'd we invest our
Ai9bXLluvnU-01590-00421582-00421813 resources and what would be the
Ai9bXLluvnU-01591-00421814-00421972 return on the investment are you just
Ai9bXLluvnU-01592-00421972-00422209 comment on what kind of trend or what
Ai9bXLluvnU-01593-00422210-00422410 criteria you would recommend for us to
Ai9bXLluvnU-01594-00422410-00422668 consider more than four hey thank you
Ai9bXLluvnU-01595-00422668-00422980 that's a good question we did not have
Ai9bXLluvnU-01596-00422981-00423181 the chance to evaluate all of the
Ai9bXLluvnU-01597-00423182-00423414 interventions to reduce aflatoxin we
Ai9bXLluvnU-01598-00423416-00423768 evaluated only 21 was biocontrol and the
Ai9bXLluvnU-01599-00423770-00423958 other was a post harvest intervention
Ai9bXLluvnU-01600-00423959-00424327 package we found them both so we
Ai9bXLluvnU-01601-00424328-00424518 evaluated not in terms of market
Ai9bXLluvnU-01602-00424520-00424708 benefits but in terms of health benefits
Ai9bXLluvnU-01603-00424709-00425026 if this was being applied regularly how
Ai9bXLluvnU-01604-00425027-00425257 many liver cancer cases could we hope to
Ai9bXLluvnU-01605-00425258-00425464 prevent so this didn't even take into
Ai9bXLluvnU-01606-00425464-00425668 account for example been in other health
Ai9bXLluvnU-01607-00425668-00425968 benefits from reducing aflatoxin both of
Ai9bXLluvnU-01608-00425968-00426124 those interventions were shown to be
Ai9bXLluvnU-01609-00426125-00426289 cost-effective so long as we could keep
Ai9bXLluvnU-01610-00426289-00426564 certain costs down so one of the most
Ai9bXLluvnU-01611-00426566-00426685 interesting things that we found was
Ai9bXLluvnU-01612-00426685-00426814 that when we were doing the post-harvest
Ai9bXLluvnU-01613-00426814-00427024 intervention package and doing the
Ai9bXLluvnU-01614-00427025-00427288 cost-effectiveness intervention the main
Ai9bXLluvnU-01615-00427289-00427671 cost was in the wooden pallets that
Ai9bXLluvnU-01616-00427672-00428002 groundnut bags should be stored on and
Ai9bXLluvnU-01617-00428003-00428203 if there was some way so that actually
Ai9bXLluvnU-01618-00428204-00428383 wound up costing more than everything
Ai9bXLluvnU-01619-00428384-00428680 else in terms of how we can improve
Ai9bXLluvnU-01620-00428681-00428959 post-harvest safety so is there
Ai9bXLluvnU-01621-00428960-00429106 something we can use instead of these
Ai9bXLluvnU-01622-00429107-00429435 prefabricated wooden pallets that could
Ai9bXLluvnU-01623-00429437-00429670 actually be cheaper but just as
Ai9bXLluvnU-01624-00429671-00429856 effective in kind of keeping the ground
Ai9bXLluvnU-01625-00429857-00430035 nut bags off the floor so that they're
Ai9bXLluvnU-01626-00430037-00430224 not on kind of a wet floor and
Ai9bXLluvnU-01627-00430225-00430537 increasing the Aspergillus flavus or
Ai9bXLluvnU-01628-00430538-00431139 aspergillus parasiticus in this case we
Ai9bXLluvnU-01629-00431141-00431260 have about 10 minutes left for questions
Ai9bXLluvnU-01630-00431260-00431410 so we'll come back to our online
Ai9bXLluvnU-01631-00431410-00431770 audience this question's worth belisa on
Ai9bXLluvnU-01632-00431771-00431947 the study of aflatoxin stunting
Ai9bXLluvnU-01633-00431947-00432154 prevalence in africa was a multivariable
Ai9bXLluvnU-01634-00432155-00432301 analysis run for correlation with
Ai9bXLluvnU-01635-00432302-00432571 poverty wash practices protein intake
Ai9bXLluvnU-01636-00432572-00432949 etc for the particular studies that
Ai9bXLluvnU-01637-00432950-00433185 there's been several epidemiological
Ai9bXLluvnU-01638-00433187-00433546 studies since the early 2000s several of
Ai9bXLluvnU-01639-00433547-00433701 them did control for a number of
Ai9bXLluvnU-01640-00433702-00433954 socio-economic variables and others did
Ai9bXLluvnU-01641-00433955-00434251 not right now we're conducting a study
Ai9bXLluvnU-01642-00434252-00434413 that's being funded by the Bill and
Ai9bXLluvnU-01643-00434414-00434572 Melinda Gates Foundation where we're
Ai9bXLluvnU-01644-00434572-00434835 looking at the relationship between
Ai9bXLluvnU-01645-00434837-00435106 three mycotoxins aflatoxin fumonisin and
Ai9bXLluvnU-01646-00435107-00435139 D
Ai9bXLluvnU-01647-00435139-00435337 Valon all and child stunting while
Ai9bXLluvnU-01648-00435338-00435577 controlling for all of those nutritional
Ai9bXLluvnU-01649-00435578-00435814 factors controlling for educating
Ai9bXLluvnU-01650-00435814-00435993 maternal education controlling for
Ai9bXLluvnU-01651-00435993-00436282 annual family income and so when we have
Ai9bXLluvnU-01652-00436283-00437268 the results we will publish those Lisa
Ai9bXLluvnU-01653-00437269-00437413 cleanse us from the night global health
Ai9bXLluvnU-01654-00437414-00437704 Bureau here at USAID I guess this was
Ai9bXLluvnU-01655-00437705-00438114 just a comment and there's there's been
Ai9bXLluvnU-01656-00438115-00438313 a lot of talk about agricultural changes
Ai9bXLluvnU-01657-00438314-00438505 but going back to the behavioral changes
Ai9bXLluvnU-01658-00438506-00438652 there's there's a big overlap between
Ai9bXLluvnU-01659-00438653-00438850 Feed the Future countries in the
Ai9bXLluvnU-01660-00438851-00439033 priority countries for global health and
Ai9bXLluvnU-01661-00439034-00439201 I was wondering if there were
Ai9bXLluvnU-01662-00439202-00439395 opportunities for our colleagues and
Ai9bXLluvnU-01663-00439396-00439995 feed the future to maybe help the MCH
Ai9bXLluvnU-01664-00439996-00440266 community understand opportunities where
Ai9bXLluvnU-01665-00440267-00440472 there could be an introduction of
Ai9bXLluvnU-01666-00440473-00440685 education about these things so you know
Ai9bXLluvnU-01667-00440687-00440991 of antenatal clinics there are
Ai9bXLluvnU-01668-00440992-00441205 breastfeeding campaigns etc these are
Ai9bXLluvnU-01669-00441206-00441475 reaching the mothers right and their
Ai9bXLluvnU-01670-00441476-00441735 surrogates for the children and since
Ai9bXLluvnU-01671-00441737-00441916 there are initiatives for both feed the
Ai9bXLluvnU-01672-00441917-00442063 future and vocal health to reduce
Ai9bXLluvnU-01673-00442064-00442366 hunting and wasting it just feels until
Ai9bXLluvnU-01674-00442367-00442651 the agricultural changes are able to be
Ai9bXLluvnU-01675-00442652-00442878 implemented there's an opportunity for
Ai9bXLluvnU-01676-00442879-00443439 aligning our our intervention yeah thank
Ai9bXLluvnU-01677-00443440-00443605 you Lisa we can follow up on this thing
Ai9bXLluvnU-01678-00443606-00443895 I mean we have five nutrition expert in
Ai9bXLluvnU-01679-00443896-00444199 the beautiful security to them her day
Ai9bXLluvnU-01680-00444200-00444433 and I Bernardo catching Dennison myself
Ai9bXLluvnU-01681-00444434-00444618 Maura matches out and sell it about
Ai9bXLluvnU-01682-00444619-00444838 she's out and we work with the nutrition
Ai9bXLluvnU-01683-00444839-00445033 division with global health we have
Ai9bXLluvnU-01684-00445034-00445183 emerged they're here from the new stream
Ai9bXLluvnU-01685-00445184-00445378 division sitting behind you let us talk
Ai9bXLluvnU-01686-00445379-00445525 about this and for sure we can work
Ai9bXLluvnU-01687-00445526-00445756 together and I think this is one
Ai9bXLluvnU-01688-00445757-00445914 important thing that John Boorman growth
Ai9bXLluvnU-01689-00445915-00446212 we need to work more between the global
Ai9bXLluvnU-01690-00446213-00446401 health community and not only the global
Ai9bXLluvnU-01691-00446402-00446659 health bureau but the whole community to
Ai9bXLluvnU-01692-00446660-00446824 bring it together to work and focus on
Ai9bXLluvnU-01693-00446825-00447147 this issue not just brushing it and we
Ai9bXLluvnU-01694-00447148-00447370 need to own it as you're addicted no one
Ai9bXLluvnU-01695-00447371-00447516 is owning this issue that's the problem
Ai9bXLluvnU-01696-00447517-00447993 thank you but I saw another hand over
Ai9bXLluvnU-01697-00447994-00448462 here Joe so here welcome
Ai9bXLluvnU-01698-00448463-00448808 I'm selenia crazy I'm from the USA the
Ai9bXLluvnU-01699-00448809-00449009 Uganda mission my question is at what
Ai9bXLluvnU-01700-00449010-00449195 point do you actually begin to good at
Ai9bXLluvnU-01701-00449196-00449539 BCC because considering that a while
Ai9bXLluvnU-01702-00449540-00449756 back when we began took a la when we
Ai9bXLluvnU-01703-00449757-00449941 began to discuss issues of control toxin
Ai9bXLluvnU-01704-00449942-00450185 and the impact on health several of my
Ai9bXLluvnU-01705-00450185-00450329 colleagues including myself actually
Ai9bXLluvnU-01706-00450330-00450512 stopped eating ground nuts because we
Ai9bXLluvnU-01707-00450513-00450731 had actually got that information so at
Ai9bXLluvnU-01708-00450732-00450889 what point to actually begin to do that
Ai9bXLluvnU-01709-00450890-00451178 bc c because if we do that bc c before
Ai9bXLluvnU-01710-00451179-00451339 we have all this information you'll find
Ai9bXLluvnU-01711-00451340-00451462 that the communities who are most
Ai9bXLluvnU-01712-00451463-00451591 vulnerable in terms of land and
Ai9bXLluvnU-01713-00451592-00451733 nutritional actually stop eating the
Ai9bXLluvnU-01714-00451734-00451945 ground you're submitting the maze and
Ai9bXLluvnU-01715-00451946-00452110 you see some of the active suppose so at
Ai9bXLluvnU-01716-00452112-00452270 what point does that actually come into
Ai9bXLluvnU-01717-00452271-00452801 play anyone want to take a question one
Ai9bXLluvnU-01718-00452802-00452962 of the biggest problems that you have
Ai9bXLluvnU-01719-00452963-00453247 with with mycotoxins in general is that
Ai9bXLluvnU-01720-00453248-00453637 they won't kill you today you know and
Ai9bXLluvnU-01721-00453638-00454039 if you don't eat that might so you know
Ai9bXLluvnU-01722-00454040-00454232 the question is do I eat this today and
Ai9bXLluvnU-01723-00454233-00454550 worry about liver cancer in 20 years or
Ai9bXLluvnU-01724-00454551-00454778 do I starve today and know that I won't
Ai9bXLluvnU-01725-00454779-00454987 get liver cancer because I'm dead next
Ai9bXLluvnU-01726-00454988-00455335 week so you know that that's one of the
Ai9bXLluvnU-01727-00455337-00455560 biggest problems in dealing with the
Ai9bXLluvnU-01728-00455562-00455864 mycotoxin issue is that the time horizon
Ai9bXLluvnU-01729-00455864-00456137 is long it's not one we're used to
Ai9bXLluvnU-01730-00456138-00456359 thinking about we have to be careful
Ai9bXLluvnU-01731-00456360-00456701 about not being alarmist as we're
Ai9bXLluvnU-01732-00456702-00456910 putting out things and yet we still have
Ai9bXLluvnU-01733-00456912-00457210 to have enough urgency to what we're
Ai9bXLluvnU-01734-00457212-00457577 doing to get some changes to happen I
Ai9bXLluvnU-01735-00457578-00457802 don't know how else to describe it maybe
Ai9bXLluvnU-01736-00457803-00458039 you've got a better description no I
Ai9bXLluvnU-01737-00458039-00458279 think you describe the problem really
Ai9bXLluvnU-01738-00458280-00458468 well and actually the question was asked
Ai9bXLluvnU-01739-00458468-00458743 really well too maybe and that's where
Ai9bXLluvnU-01740-00458744-00459026 the education comes in if for no other
Ai9bXLluvnU-01741-00459027-00459326 reason aside from interventions that can
Ai9bXLluvnU-01742-00459327-00459599 reduce the likelihood that aflatoxin is
Ai9bXLluvnU-01743-00459600-00459809 in your food but maybe to encourage some
Ai9bXLluvnU-01744-00459810-00460058 dietary diversity for example so that it
Ai9bXLluvnU-01745-00460059-00460222 isn't just a matter that they have to
Ai9bXLluvnU-01746-00460223-00460360 eat the maze in the ground nuts but
Ai9bXLluvnU-01747-00460362-00460556 maybe there might be some legumes maybe
Ai9bXLluvnU-01748-00460557-00460750 there's some other type of staple cereal
Ai9bXLluvnU-01749-00460751-00461081 that they can rely on then and it's not
Ai9bXLluvnU-01750-00461082-00461216 the easiest thing to incorporate
Ai9bXLluvnU-01751-00461217-00461416 agricultural diversity and dietary
Ai9bXLluvnU-01752-00461417-00461618 diversity but I think it's really really
Ai9bXLluvnU-01753-00461618-00461741 critical
Ai9bXLluvnU-01754-00461742-00461978 the educational component is it's
Ai9bXLluvnU-01755-00461979-00462218 critical to that to motivate individuals
Ai9bXLluvnU-01756-00462218-00462557 to want to adopt these athletics and
Ai9bXLluvnU-01757-00462558-00462824 related interventions as well as to
Ai9bXLluvnU-01758-00462825-00463052 improve dietary diversity education is
Ai9bXLluvnU-01759-00463053-00463343 key even with our diets you know what
Ai9bXLluvnU-01760-00463343-00463645 what we in this room for the most part
Ai9bXLluvnU-01761-00463646-00463982 even if we had contaminated foods most
Ai9bXLluvnU-01762-00463983-00464197 of us would not have a major issue with
Ai9bXLluvnU-01763-00464198-00464459 a lot of the exposure because our diets
Ai9bXLluvnU-01764-00464460-00464897 are very how often do you eat corn corn
Ai9bXLluvnU-01765-00464897-00465160 bread corn pudding Quan whatever I don't
Ai9bXLluvnU-01766-00465162-00465362 know it's once a week it's probably a
Ai9bXLluvnU-01767-00465363-00465605 lot that's very different than twice a
Ai9bXLluvnU-01768-00465606-00465847 day seven days a week with maybe a
Ai9bXLluvnU-01769-00465848-00466004 little chicken one day a week if you're
Ai9bXLluvnU-01770-00466005-00466274 lucky I might want to be a little
Ai9bXLluvnU-01771-00466275-00466564 contrary in here and kind of want to
Ai9bXLluvnU-01772-00466566-00466889 sway towards the side of maybes damn
Ai9bXLluvnU-01773-00466889-00467141 important to be alarmist especially in
Ai9bXLluvnU-01774-00467142-00467422 the case of gender is if it's one thing
Ai9bXLluvnU-01775-00467423-00467858 if you're an expectant mother and if I
Ai9bXLluvnU-01776-00467859-00468097 see we're not doing our job properly if
Ai9bXLluvnU-01777-00468098-00468374 you if you either haven't really raised
Ai9bXLluvnU-01778-00468375-00468743 at a high level of fear and concern in
Ai9bXLluvnU-01779-00468743-00469127 here look this you've got to get help
Ai9bXLluvnU-01780-00469128-00469313 from the project or from your health
Ai9bXLluvnU-01781-00469314-00469625 post your AG close to to check into the
Ai9bXLluvnU-01782-00469626-00469822 situation on your grain because it
Ai9bXLluvnU-01783-00469823-00470030 doesn't have to be moldy even it can be
Ai9bXLluvnU-01784-00470031-00470351 very high level and and and and even and
Ai9bXLluvnU-01785-00470352-00470870 even very toxic leading wonderful and in
Ai9bXLluvnU-01786-00470871-00471172 and they have you know they have to have
Ai9bXLluvnU-01787-00471173-00471664 to at least be told this and and so that
Ai9bXLluvnU-01788-00471666-00471950 in terms of options if all they have to
Ai9bXLluvnU-01789-00471951-00472112 eat is that stuff that's there in front
Ai9bXLluvnU-01790-00472113-00472270 of them no matter what the detection
Ai9bXLluvnU-01791-00472271-00472525 level is you know they there has to be
Ai9bXLluvnU-01792-00472526-00472870 still I would want to know if if if I'm
Ai9bXLluvnU-01793-00472871-00473141 expecting or if I've got an infant or
Ai9bXLluvnU-01794-00473142-00473422 two you know that I've got it
Ai9bXLluvnU-01795-00473423-00473591 desperately if I believe these people
Ai9bXLluvnU-01796-00473592-00473720 I've got to desperately look for
Ai9bXLluvnU-01797-00473721-00474263 something else so in in there the you
Ai9bXLluvnU-01798-00474264-00474452 know the health community in the fishing
Ai9bXLluvnU-01799-00474453-00474716 community the advisors can can can can
Ai9bXLluvnU-01800-00474717-00474983 help us you know Aggies you know fine up
Ai9bXLluvnU-01801-00474984-00475127 find something you know
Ai9bXLluvnU-01802-00475128-00475372 a solution to that house would look on
Ai9bXLluvnU-01803-00475374-00475568 that from that woman's face but I know I
Ai9bXLluvnU-01804-00475568-00475847 would based on kind of what I know i
Ai9bXLluvnU-01805-00475847-00476078 would i would not be afraid of being
Ai9bXLluvnU-01806-00476079-00476567 pretty alarming been some pretty
Ai9bXLluvnU-01807-00476568-00476797 spectacular headlines in the aqua
Ai9bXLluvnU-01808-00476799-00477007 newspapers over the years about
Ai9bXLluvnU-01809-00477008-00477425 aflatoxin exposures so one last question
Ai9bXLluvnU-01810-00477426-00477653 i will take one last question from our
Ai9bXLluvnU-01811-00477654-00477896 online audience but i just like to
Ai9bXLluvnU-01812-00477897-00478018 remind everyone in person if you
Ai9bXLluvnU-01813-00478020-00478181 wouldn't mind filling out the survey
Ai9bXLluvnU-01814-00478182-00478352 near your seat it's just always helpful
Ai9bXLluvnU-01815-00478353-00478618 for us to help improve these events for
Ai9bXLluvnU-01816-00478620-00478745 the future so your suggestions are
Ai9bXLluvnU-01817-00478746-00479272 always welcome so the last questions not
Ai9bXLluvnU-01818-00479274-00479399 destroyers the questions but i think
Ai9bXLluvnU-01819-00479400-00479489 it's an important one it's a
Ai9bXLluvnU-01820-00479489-00479693 market-oriented question and it's once
Ai9bXLluvnU-01821-00479693-00479860 the country starts exporting grains to
Ai9bXLluvnU-01822-00479862-00480026 an international market with higher
Ai9bXLluvnU-01823-00480027-00480251 standards for micro toxic contamination
Ai9bXLluvnU-01824-00480252-00480497 does it cause an increase in aflatoxin
Ai9bXLluvnU-01825-00480497-00480722 exposure in the exporting country
Ai9bXLluvnU-01826-00480722-00480929 population since the high quality grain
Ai9bXLluvnU-01827-00480930-00481189 is no longer available or just such a
Ai9bXLluvnU-01828-00481191-00481406 practice encouraged lower aflatoxin
Ai9bXLluvnU-01829-00481407-00482035 among all supplies boy I don't do you
Ai9bXLluvnU-01830-00482037-00482252 know of a case study where people have
Ai9bXLluvnU-01831-00482253-00482414 actually looked at that I don't know if
Ai9bXLluvnU-01832-00482414-00482546 I know of a case study but that's
Ai9bXLluvnU-01833-00482547-00482708 certainly what you would expect is that
Ai9bXLluvnU-01834-00482709-00483017 there's a finite supply of grain of
Ai9bXLluvnU-01835-00483018-00483389 different qualities and certainly in
Ai9bXLluvnU-01836-00483389-00483535 some of the countries where I've seen
Ai9bXLluvnU-01837-00483537-00483881 the evidence much of what they grow
Ai9bXLluvnU-01838-00483882-00484049 would not meet the international
Ai9bXLluvnU-01839-00484050-00484271 standard and could not be exported so
Ai9bXLluvnU-01840-00484272-00484478 you would certainly get rid of you know
Ai9bXLluvnU-01841-00484479-00484667 they could certainly sell what they had
Ai9bXLluvnU-01842-00484668-00485078 that was the good stuff um to add to dr.
Ai9bXLluvnU-01843-00485079-00485330 Leslie points I can hear two different
Ai9bXLluvnU-01844-00485331-00485483 voices in that question 1 is a negative
Ai9bXLluvnU-01845-00485484-00485864 and what is a positive on the negative
Ai9bXLluvnU-01846-00485864-00486077 side I think most of the evidence is
Ai9bXLluvnU-01847-00486078-00486458 anecdotal yes if you're if you really
Ai9bXLluvnU-01848-00486459-00486617 want to sell your grain and you're nuts
Ai9bXLluvnU-01849-00486618-00486824 you are going to sell the best quality
Ai9bXLluvnU-01850-00486825-00487154 stuff to the markets including
Ai9bXLluvnU-01851-00487155-00487316 international markets and keep the worst
Ai9bXLluvnU-01852-00487317-00487564 quality stuff at home on the other hand
Ai9bXLluvnU-01853-00487566-00487820 on the positive side there is one very
Ai9bXLluvnU-01854-00487821-00488105 positive antidote and that has to do
Ai9bXLluvnU-01855-00488106-00488391 with pistachios being produced in Iran
Ai9bXLluvnU-01856-00488392-00488764 they're in the 1990s in particularly in
Ai9bXLluvnU-01857-00488764-00489000 1997 there were sky high levels of
Ai9bXLluvnU-01858-00489001-00489252 aflatoxin in Iranian pistachios and they
Ai9bXLluvnU-01859-00489253-00489391 were attempting to export these
Ai9bXLluvnU-01860-00489392-00489679 pistachios to the European Union the EU
Ai9bXLluvnU-01861-00489680-00489877 rejected these pistachios because they
Ai9bXLluvnU-01862-00489878-00490035 had up to 400 parts per billion
Ai9bXLluvnU-01863-00490036-00490264 aflatoxin and the standard we have here
Ai9bXLluvnU-01864-00490264-00490616 in the US is 20 and in the EU it's for
Ai9bXLluvnU-01865-00490617-00491118 400 so they they pretty much said we are
Ai9bXLluvnU-01866-00491119-00491343 not going to import any pistachios from
Ai9bXLluvnU-01867-00491344-00491523 Iran in that particular year what
Ai9bXLluvnU-01868-00491524-00491768 happened in that case technology forcing
Ai9bXLluvnU-01869-00491769-00492031 so they were drying their pistachios in
Ai9bXLluvnU-01870-00492032-00492171 a different way they were storing the
Ai9bXLluvnU-01871-00492172-00492343 pistachios in a different way processing
Ai9bXLluvnU-01872-00492343-00492546 them completely differently such that
Ai9bXLluvnU-01873-00492547-00492825 but by the time 2004 rolled around the
Ai9bXLluvnU-01874-00492826-00493062 quality of the pistachios coming out of
Ai9bXLluvnU-01875-00493063-00493227 being produced in Iran was much much
Ai9bXLluvnU-01876-00493228-00493491 better lower levels of aflatoxin so
Ai9bXLluvnU-01877-00493492-00493693 that's a positive example of how these
Ai9bXLluvnU-01878-00493693-00493845 regulatory standards can actually
Ai9bXLluvnU-01879-00493846-00494281 promote technologies to reduce aflatoxin
Ai9bXLluvnU-01880-00494282-00494475 and a project that I'm currently
Ai9bXLluvnU-01881-00494476-00494766 involved in and I see dirt mire back
Ai9bXLluvnU-01882-00494767-00495060 there he's involved as well is one in
Ai9bXLluvnU-01883-00495061-00495364 Afghanistan rivet the Afghan is used to
Ai9bXLluvnU-01884-00495364-00495689 export large amounts of dried fruit and
Ai9bXLluvnU-01885-00495690-00496041 raisins especially to the EU and they've
Ai9bXLluvnU-01886-00496042-00496245 been getting all of their shipments
Ai9bXLluvnU-01887-00496246-00496497 rejected for high levels of aflatoxin
Ai9bXLluvnU-01888-00496498-00496687 and one of the things that we're looking
Ai9bXLluvnU-01889-00496688-00496966 for for them now is how to get things
Ai9bXLluvnU-01890-00496967-00497131 back to where they were because they
Ai9bXLluvnU-01891-00497132-00497322 used to be a major supplier of the
Ai9bXLluvnU-01892-00497323-00497547 European market and that would be in a
Ai9bXLluvnU-01893-00497548-00497875 very important sources of cash for the
Ai9bXLluvnU-01894-00497876-00498468 country thank you everyone thank you or
Ai9bXLluvnU-01895-00498469-00498775 I think the webinar we and for thanks
Ai9bXLluvnU-01896-00498776-00498958 for the presenter we hear a lot of
Ai9bXLluvnU-01897-00498959-00499187 interesting and exciting things a lot of
Ai9bXLluvnU-01898-00499188-00499452 teasing bizarre point and a lot of
Ai9bXLluvnU-01899-00499453-00499635 action that need to be taken we need
Ai9bXLluvnU-01900-00499636-00499947 limits we need limit enforcement so we
Ai9bXLluvnU-01901-00499948-00500241 can address the point of the problem of
Ai9bXLluvnU-01902-00500242-00500614 having the food available and clean is
Ai9bXLluvnU-01903-00500614-00500772 not only we want to have limits and
Ai9bXLluvnU-01904-00500773-00500973 regulations and rules but we need to
Ai9bXLluvnU-01905-00500974-00501139 enforce just what we have unfortunately
Ai9bXLluvnU-01906-00501139-00501337 the US we have enforcement in Europe we
Ai9bXLluvnU-01907-00501338-00501564 need to enforce it there and that will
Ai9bXLluvnU-01908-00501565-00501682 lead to more of a
Ai9bXLluvnU-01909-00501683-00501883 education education for the viewing
Ai9bXLluvnU-01910-00501884-00502075 public education for the farmers and
Ai9bXLluvnU-01911-00502076-00502318 importantly education for the policy and
Ai9bXLluvnU-01912-00502318-00502522 decision makers in order to act on these
Ai9bXLluvnU-01913-00502522-00502846 things and to both policies anyplace we
Ai9bXLluvnU-01914-00502847-00503113 need an abarth back to the alternative
Ai9bXLluvnU-01915-00503114-00503314 use for contaminated crops they born
Ai9bXLluvnU-01916-00503314-00503493 that john boarman raised it's very
Ai9bXLluvnU-01917-00503495-00503680 important to find alternative use for
Ai9bXLluvnU-01918-00503681-00503902 them in order to have help the farmers
Ai9bXLluvnU-01919-00503903-00504055 till they're contaminated crops for
Ai9bXLluvnU-01920-00504056-00504301 alternative use and that will encourage
Ai9bXLluvnU-01921-00504302-00504550 them also to adapt in growth
Ai9bXLluvnU-01922-00504551-00504772 technologies if there is an income
Ai9bXLluvnU-01923-00504772-00504955 coming to them back instead of selenium
Ai9bXLluvnU-01924-00504956-00505159 your crops rejected go text back home
Ai9bXLluvnU-01925-00505160-00505351 and consumers or fitted for your animal
Ai9bXLluvnU-01926-00505352-00505635 we need more evidence to drive the
Ai9bXLluvnU-01927-00505637-00505839 action and to drive policy and to drive
Ai9bXLluvnU-01928-00505841-00506095 decision maker more evidence in linking
Ai9bXLluvnU-01929-00506096-00506350 it to health impact we know the evidence
Ai9bXLluvnU-01930-00506351-00506599 or the evidence exists in the economic
Ai9bXLluvnU-01931-00506600-00506770 impact of ways the agriculture and back
Ai9bXLluvnU-01932-00506771-00506997 sides bought more evidence linking it or
Ai9bXLluvnU-01933-00506999-00507235 taking it from an association to a
Ai9bXLluvnU-01934-00507235-00507668 causation between hunting and F
Ai9bXLluvnU-01935-00507670-00507918 mycotoxins we know the linkages which
Ai9bXLluvnU-01936-00507920-00508222 exists a causative linkages with cancer
Ai9bXLluvnU-01937-00508222-00508438 but again this limit we have in the u.s.
Ai9bXLluvnU-01938-00508439-00508672 the 20 parts per billion in the US war
Ai9bXLluvnU-01939-00508672-00508872 in Europe those for cancer prevention
Ai9bXLluvnU-01940-00508874-00509137 not forced contact whether or not four
Ai9bXLluvnU-01941-00509138-00509317 divisional standing ovation standing
Ai9bXLluvnU-01942-00509318-00509608 could be lower or not that is a question
Ai9bXLluvnU-01943-00509609-00509854 to be answered thank you for everyone
Ai9bXLluvnU-01944-00509855-00510049 and stay tuned for the next seminar and
Ai9bXLluvnU-01945-00510050-00510513 the series and six months from now
Ai9bXLluvnU-01946-00510514-00511146 [Applause]